text:
User talk:Gamiar

Hi Gamiar, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to join the community. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. If you need editing help, visit How to edit a page. For format questions, visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Newcomers' Village pump. And of course, feel free to talk with me or ask questions on my talk page. Enjoy!

I noticed that you uploaded an image, when you do that, could you mark it to let the software know what the copyright status of the image is. For your own pictures put the tag under the image, for public domain images use  and for fair use images use  I've tagged the Travis album cover as fairuse. Zeimusu 13:33, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)

Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a mere directory of links nor should it be used for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links include (but are not limited to) links to personal web sites, links to web sites with which you are affiliated, and links that exist to attract visitors to a web site or promote a product. See the external links guideline and spam policies for further explanations of links that are considered appropriate. If you feel the link should be added to the article, then please discuss it on the article's talk page rather than re-adding it. See the welcome page to learn more about Wikipedia. Thank you. --Yamla 15:44, 29 October 2006 (UTC)
 * The links were all entirely relevant and appropriate; they were not personal websites, nor am I affiliated with them. They were all *official* Ashley Tisdale links, including the *official* website to her new album and her *official* Myspace.  But have it your way.

Non-free use disputed for Image:200px-TheManWhoalbumcover.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Cast of Thousands album.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:GoodFeelingalbumcover.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Snowpatrolsongsforpolarbearsalbumcover.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Mansun six.gif
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De-essing edit
Hi, I've made a big change to the de-essing and I thought you would like to know about it. I have explained it on Talk:De-essing. Please add any comments there. Thanks. Iain 08:43, 21 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Ringside album.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Ringside album.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Theverve-anorthernsoul.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Cast of Thousands album.jpg
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Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Gamiar! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 2 of the articles that you created  are tagged as Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to insure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring these articles up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the articles are adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 20:38, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Paul Q. Kolderie -
 * 2) Sean Slade -

Nomination of Rich Costey for deletion
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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"Mark "Spike" Stent/redirects" listed at Redirects for discussion
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title: User talk:Gamiar


text:
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel is a daily morning broadsheet printed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where it is the primary newspaper and also the largest newspaper in the state of Wisconsin, where it is widely read. It was purchased by the Gannett Company in 2016.

In early 2003, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel began printing at a new facility in West Milwaukee. In September 2006, the Journal Sentinel announced it had "signed a five-year agreement to print the national edition of USA Today for distribution in the northern and western suburbs of Chicago and the eastern half of Wisconsin".

Milwaukee Sentinel
The Milwaukee Sentinel was founded on June 27, 1837, in response to disparaging statements made about the east side of town by Byron Kilbourn's westside partisan newspaper, the Milwaukee Advertiser, during the city's "bridge wars", a period when the two sides of town fought for dominance. A co-founder of Milwaukee, Solomon Juneau, provided the starting funds for editor John O'Rourke, a former office assistant at the Advertiser, to start the paper.

On Juneau's request, O'Rourke's associate, Harrison Reed, remained to take over the Sentinel's operations on behalf of Democratic Party politician James Duane Doty. Reed continued the struggle to keep the paper ahead of its debts, often printing pleas to his advertisers and subscribers to pay their bills any way they could. Meanwhile, the establishment of the Whig party in the territory thrust the Sentinel into partisan politics. In 1840 Reed was assaulted by individuals whom the Sentinel charged were hired by Democratic Governor Henry Dodge. When Doty backed William Henry Harrison, the Sentinel endorsed Harrison for president in the 1840 election.

Starr guarded the Sentinel position as the sole Whig organ in Milwaukee. Heavily in debt, he secured the partnership of David M. Keeler, who paid off the paper's creditors. Keeler took on partner John S. Fillmore (nephew of U.S. president Millard Fillmore) and succeeded in ousting Starr, who kept publishing his own version of the Sentinel. Keeler and Fillmore trumped his efforts by turning their Sentinel into a daily on December 9, 1844, while still publishing a weekly edition. The paper finally began to prosper and establish itself as a major political force in the nascent state of Wisconsin. Having accomplished his goal of establishing the first daily paper in the territory, Keeler retired two months later, but not before opening a public reading room of the nation's newspapers, the origin of Milwaukee's public library system. Fillmore employed a succession of editors, including Jason Downer, later a Wisconsin Supreme Court justice, and Increase A. Lapham, a Midwestern naturalist who later helped establish the National Weather Service.

After running through six editors in eight years, Fillmore sought a more stable editorial foundation and went east to confer with Thurlow Weed, editor of the Albany Evening Journal and powerful Whig political boss of New York. Weed recommended his associate editor and protégé, Rufus King. King was a native of New York City, a graduate of West Point, a brevet lieutenant, the son of the president of Columbia College and the grandson of U.S. Constitution signer Rufus King. In June 1845 King came to Milwaukee and became the Sentinel's editor three months later.

The paper provided thorough coverage of Wisconsin's constitutional convention, held in Madison in 1846. When the adopted constitution fell short of Whig expectations, the Sentinel was instrumental in encouraging its rejection by territorial voters on April 6, 1847. The Sentinel launched a German-language paper, Der Volksfreund, to bring the city's large population of German immigrants to the Whig cause. Gen. King himself was a delegate to Wisconsin's second constitutional convention. He was also appointed head of the Milwaukee militia and sat on the University of Wisconsin's board of regents, as well as being the first superintendent of Milwaukee public schools. In the wake of the Panic of 1857 King sold the paper to T.D. Jermain and H.H. Brightman, but remained editor, covering the state legislative sessions of 1859–1861 himself.

In 1848, the Sentinel praised the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, a treaty that ended the Mexican–American War, commenting: "Peace upon almost any terms will be joyfully welcomed by the American People. They have long since tired of the war."

The Sentinel prospered during the Civil War, sometimes printing five editions of the paper in a day. Though much of the war news was copied from Chicago papers, the Sentinel did dispatch a war correspondent for over half a year. The war also resulted in a shortage of skilled printers, so in 1863 the Sentinel began hiring and training "female compositors" to typeset the paper, albeit in another building away from the men. This resulted in members of the Milwaukee Typographical Union leaving their jobs, but the war had already depleted their ranks to such a degree that the union later temporarily disbanded. Frustrated by the lack of skilled help, editor C. Latham Sholes tried building a typesetting machine, but failed. After becoming comptroller for the city a few years later, he invented the modern typewriter. After the war ended circulation fell off and the number of editions was kept to a minimum.

A supporter of the Liberal Republicans, who opposed President Ulysses S. Grant, Thomson was ousted from the paper after Carpenter's former law partner Newton S. Murphey bought the Sentinel in 1874 with other pro-Grant Republicans, including Carpenter, who had failed to be re-elected. After Murphey loaned Carpenter $20,000 to also become a stakeholder in the paper, Carpenter hired A. C. Botkin as editor, formerly of the Chicago Times, to replace Thomson. The Sentinel was soon perceived as Carpenter's "personal mouthpiece" and an organ of the state Republican central committee. After committee chairman Elisha W. Keyes blocked Carpenter from becoming a delegate to the national Republican convention in 1876, the paper began running fierce editorials denouncing Keyes. The Sentinel later endorsed Carpenter over Keyes as senator in the 1878 election.

Disappointed in the paper's weak defense of unregulated corporations, a new group of stalwart Republicans purchased the old Democratic Milwaukee News in 1880 and resurrected it as the Republican and News. Horace Rublee, a former editor of the Wisconsin State Journal and who had been the chairman of the state Republican party, was hired as editor-in-chief. Failing to put the Sentinel out of business, the Republicans bought the paper outright and issued it as the Republican-Sentinel. The next year the word Republican was dropped, but the paper remained a major force in the state's Republican party. This troubled managing editor Lucius W. Nieman, who had covered the state capitol for the Sentinel and had seen the control the powerful monied interests had over state government. When a Democrat was elected to Congress from a die-hard Republican county, the Sentinel's editor refused to print the fact. This led Nieman to resign and join the fledgling Milwaukee Journal. The Journal first received acclaim when Nieman's coverage of a deadly hotel fire revealed it to be a firetrap, but the Sentinel defended the hotel's management, which included a Sentinel stockholder.

Historian Frederick Jackson Turner was the Sentinel Madison correspondent for a year, beginning in April 1884, while he finished his senior year at the University of Wisconsin. He covered various aspects of life in Madison, from campus news to the state legislature. He delivered the scoop that university regent and state political boss Elisha W. Keyes wished to remove university president John Bascom for political reasons and it was Turner's reports that resulted in a backlash of support for the president. Bascom had earlier offered Turner a position teaching elocution at the university that he turned down in favor of working for the Sentinel for nine more months. He left the paper after Republicans appointed him as the transcribing clerk to Wisconsin's state senate before later going on to teach history.

In 1892–1893 the Sentinel moved temporarily from its home on Mason Street so that the old building could be torn down and a new, state-of-the-art structure could be erected in its place.

With the dawning of the Progressive Era during the 1890s the Sentinel began to moderate its views, often echoing calls for political reform. After the Panic of 1893 a private utility monopoly run by stalwart Republican party bosses Charles F. Pfister and Henry C. Payne, The Milwaukee Electric Railway and Light Company (TMER&L), revoked commuter passes and raised utility rates during the depression. The Sentinel joined in the chorus of indignation that resounded from Milwaukee and beyond, particularly during 1899 when Pfister and Payne succeeded, by means of bribery, to push through a 35-year contract with the city. On December 29 Pfister and Payne sued the Sentinel for libel, to which the paper replied that it had fallen prey to "probably the most formidable and influential combination of selfish interests ever found in the city of Milwaukee."

Rather than going to trial and having his business practices revealed, Pfister bought the Sentinel outright on February 18, 1901, paying an immense sum to buy up a majority of its stock. After the death of his publisher, Lansing Warren, that summer Pfister assumed publishing duties, immersing himself in the paper's operations and directing political coverage. Owning the Sentinel expanded his conservative influence from the convention backrooms to the pages of the largest daily paper in Wisconsin. The Sentinel immediately opposed the newly elected Governor La Follette. During La Follete's successful re-election campaign in 1902, Pfister's political power was diminished after it had been revealed that he had secretly purchased the editorial pages of some 300 of the state's newspapers.

A majority stake was purchased by the Hearst Corporation in 1924. Operations of the Sentinel were joined to Hearst's papers, the afternoon Wisconsin News and the morning Milwaukee Telegram; the latter being merged with the Sentinel as the Milwaukee Sentinel & Telegram. The Wisconsin News entered into a lease arrangement with the School of Engineering for radio station WSOE on November 15, 1927. The lease was for a minimum of three years. To reflect the new arrangement, the Wisconsin News changed the call letters of WSOE to WISN on January 23, 1928. The station was sold to the Wisconsin News in November 1930. Hearst's associate Paul Block acquired Pfister's remaining stake of the Sentinel in 1929. The News closed in 1939, being consolidated with the Sentinel as a single morning paper. In 1955 Hearst purchased television station WTVW and changed the call letters to WISN-TV.

The Milwaukee Journal
The Milwaukee Journal began as The Daily Journal in 1882. Edna Ferber, later a famed writer and Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist, was a Milwaukee Journal reporter for nearly four years, from approximately 1903 to 1907.

The Journal followed the Sentinel into broadcasting. The Journal purchased radio station WKAF in 1927, changing its call letters to WTMJ. It launched an experimental FM station, W9XAO, in 1940, which was licensed as a commercial station in 1941, originally as W55M, and later becoming WMFM and WTMJ-FM. This station was shut down in 1950. In 1959 a new WTMJ-FM was licensed, which later became WKTI-FM, WLWK-FM, and WKTI. WTMJ-TV, Wisconsin's first television station, went on the air in 1947.

21st century
As of mid-2012, the Journal Sentinel had the 31st-largest circulation among all major U.S. newspapers, with circulation of 207,000 for the daily edition and just under 338,000 for the Sunday edition.

On April 8, 2016, decades of local ownership for both papers ended when Journal Media Group was acquired by the Gannett Company for $280 million. Gannett owns most of the daily newspapers in the central and eastern parts of Wisconsin (eleven in all), including the Green Bay Press-Gazette and Appleton's The Post-Crescent. The Journal Sentinel has been integrated into the company's "USA Today Network Wisconsin". The Journal Sentinel also collaborates with the Press-Gazette for Packers coverage, and adapted to Gannett standards, including newspaper layout, website and apps, in August 2016.

In the spring of 2018, the Journal Sentinel press facility began to print all of Gannett's state papers (it already printed The Sheboygan Press and USA Today) replacing the company's Appleton facility. By 2021, it was reported that about 90% of Journal Sentinel subscriptions were for its print edition despite a years-long push to increase the number of digital subscribers.

In April 2024, the newspaper launched a redesigned Sunday edition.

Awards
The Milwaukee Journal and the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel have received Pulitzer Prizes:

In 1934, cartoonist Ross A. Lewis won for his cartoon on labor-industry violence, "Sure, I'll Work for Both Sides".

In 1966, the series "Pollution: The Spreading Menace" garnered the award for public service.

In 1977, Margo Huston became the first female staff member of The Milwaukee Journal to win a Pulitzer Prize. She won the award in the category of best general reporting for a series of articles on the elderly and the process of aging.

In 2008, local government reporter David Umhoefer was awarded the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting for his investigation of the Milwaukee County pension system.

In 2010, reporter Raquel Rutledge was awarded the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for local reporting for her investigations and stories on abuses in a state-run child care system.

In 2011, Mark Johnson, Kathleen Gallagher, Gary Porter, Lou Saldivar, and Alison Sherwood were awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting for their "lucid examination of an epic effort to use genetic technology to save a 4-year-old boy imperiled by a mysterious disease, told with words, graphics, videos and other images."

Other awards
In 1965 the paper's women's section won the Penney-Missouri Award for General Excellence.

Archives
In 2008, Google published the newspaper's archives as part of an initiative to digitize historical newspapers. Though the initiative ended in 2011, the archives remain accessible. The Milwaukee digitization used microfilm that had been scanned for ProQuest's database. At the Journal Sentinel request, the Milwaukee Public Library loaned decades of missing microfilm volumes to complete the digitization. When Google's project ended, the newspaper began the process of creating its own archive via its relationship with Newsbank.

Newsbank unsuccessfully attempted to sell Journal Sentinel digital archive access to the Milwaukee Public Library, which could not afford their asking price. The Library already subscribed to Newsbank's obituary and recent Journal Sentinel articles, as well as other proprietary databases with annual subscriptions costing less than $100,000. In May 2014, Newsbank suggested several purchase options, one of which was $1.5 million, which would have consumed nearly all of the library's $1.7 million materials budget. The newspaper changed ownership to Gannett in April and by August had requested that Google remove free public access to the archives, leaving a gap in coverage. Google Newspapers access was restored in December 2017, but digital access continued to be sporadic over the next several years.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Milwaukee Journal Sentinel


text:
Forio

Forio (known also as Forio of Ischia) is a town and comune of c. 17,000 inhabitants in the Metropolitan City of Naples, southern Italy, situated on the island of Ischia.

Overview
Its territory includes the town of Panza, the only frazione of Forio and of the island of Ischia. Panza has always been an independent village since the 16th century when a first governmental organization was introduced on the island. In the 1975 the inhabitants of Panza tried to become an independent comune but the referendum, claimed by the inhabitants of Forio, was denied by the Campania's Regional Government.

There are numerous coastal watchtowers, built from the Middle Ages against Saracen and African pirates raids.

In the 20th century, Ischia inspired at least two well-known English language poets. Ischia was the site where W.H. Auden composed one of his most famous poems, In Praise of Limestone. And the American Poet, Theodore Roethke, dedicated his poem The Storm, to "Forio d'Ischia" as printed in Selected Poems of Theodore Rothke (Library of America, Edwin Hirsch, Ed., 2005, p.113).

Twin towns

 * 🇮🇹 Brusson, Italy
 * 🇮🇹 Polignano a Mare, Italy

title: Forio


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mission of Maitreya, Eternal Divine Path

Mission of Maitreya, Eternal Divine Path
Self-promotion and/or sermonizing for an obscure religious website. - Nat Krause 13:39, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Maitreya fulfills more prophecies than any Prophet before him. This is how we can verify that he indeed is a Prophet - uck, kill it. Delete. - rernst 14:57, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete fatally New Age-POV screed. The worship of Maitreya is real enough, but this is an advert, not an article. Fire Star 17:20, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Unsure. As is, it's an unwikified advertisement for a fascinating but non-notable website. The connection to the Maitreya of Buddhism seems tenuous, and the POV of the current article is painful. But is this movement notable? Their website quotes just enough history for me to think it might be, while carefully concealing the details (such as the former name of their Maitreya) which would allow us to write an NPOV article. No vote as yet. Andrewa 17:26, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Brother Bubba can write up a web page that makes himself the culmination of Christianity, and it'll look good. As it is, though, this article, as written, is proselytizing and web pumping and sure looks like the black Nikes stuff. Geogre 19:52, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a New Age soapbox. --Szyslak 20:38, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sermonizing. --LeeHunter 21:53, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Abstain. When I was growing up in Congleton in the late 1980s there was a man who wrote each week to the local paper to identify the latest teachings of 'the Maitreya' who I assume was following this minor religion, so it does have an existence beyond the website. The page is pretty much POV though. Dbiv 22:58, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, Maitreya is a recognized incarnation of Buddha in both the Mahayana and Vajrayana sects, at least. That would give him millions of adherents in Asia and around the world. Since he is the next, expected incarnation of Buddha, we get many crackpots claiming things in his name, his identity with Jesus, etc. Fire Star 06:50, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * This guy thought the Maitreya was some bloke in London who would phone him up occasionally. Dbiv 12:03, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete - Link to a specific interpretation and therefore POV. - Skysmith 08:50, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete this religious spam, nn Wyss 12:41, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete seems like a tiny new religious movement with only a few followers. Not notable. Andries 14:04, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text:
Yamaha QY10

The Yamaha QY10 is a hand-held music workstation produced by the Yamaha Corporation in the early 1990s. Possessing a MIDI sequencer, a tone generator and a tiny single-octave keyboard, the portable and battery-powered QY10 enables a musician to compose music while traveling.

History
Released by Yamaha in 1990, the QY10 was the first device offering the facilities of a music workstation in a portable package. In response to its design, the music technology press coined the term "walkstation", a portmanteau of the words "Walkman" and "workstation". The QY10 sold well, indicating that there was a market for these devices, so Yamaha followed it up in 1992 with the more powerful QY20 and QY22. Subsequently, both Yamaha (most Yamaha QY sequencers) and Roland (the Roland PMA-5) have produced walkstations, although neither officially use the term for their products.

In 1992, Novation took advantage of the QY10's success by releasing a companion keyboard, the Novation MM10. The top of the keyboard has a slot which securely accommodates a QY10, and short cables connect the two units together. With two octaves of full size velocity-sensitive keys, the MM10 overcomes a significant limitation of the QY10: its lack of a proper keyboard. Combined, they constitute a complete, if basic, music workstation.

During the 1990s, electronic musical equipment became more dependent on large and sophisticated graphical displays. However, the QY10's display is a small LCD panel which accommodates only 16 characters of text. This made it feasible for the Kentucky LCD Interface Project to modify the QY10 with a speech interface as an assistive technology for the blind.

The QY10 was discontinued in the mid-1990s.

Sequencer
The main feature of the QY10 is its eight track sequencer. With its "pattern"-based design, it was more suited to supporting song writing rather than creating full musical compositions.

A pattern is a short sequence of backing music played on bass guitar, percussion and two other instruments. Patterns for various musical styles are built into the QY10, such as European house music, rhythm and blues and bossa nova. Users may also write their own patterns, which must be written in the key of C major. When playing a song, the QY10 automatically rescales patterns to match a selected chord.

The eight tracks of the sequencer are thus divided into two groups: four standard sequencer tracks and four tracks dedicated to pattern playback. The latter are typically programmed as one "backing track" which stores a sequence of pattern numbers and chord changes.

The QY10's sequencer data is maintained by an internal back-up battery, but it may also be stored externally by transferring it to a suitable device, such as a MIDI equipped computer.

Tone Generator
The QY10's tone generator is a sample-based synthesizer using Yamaha's 12-bit Advanced Wave Memory synthesis technology. The tone generator is eight part multi-timbral (i.e., eight instruments may sound at once) and 28 note polyphonic (i.e., 28 notes may sound at once), which provides adequate support for sequences written on the unit. In other respects, however, the tone generator is quite limited. Only 30 instruments and one drum kit with 26 sounds are available. Furthermore, instruments must be either centered or panned completely left or right. These limitations can be understood in the context of the QY10's primary role as a composition tool, rather than as a musical instrument.

Applications
Although the primary use of the QY10 is as a portable composing tool, it has other applications.

With its pattern-based sequencing system, it is particularly suited for use as an accompaniment device. However, unlike other sequencers in the QY series, the QY10 cannot auto-harmonize its backing tracks to chords played on an external MIDI keyboard.

Another application is as a general purpose MIDI sequencer, controlling instruments with far superior sounds than those available from its own tone generator. However, for this use, it has several disadvantages, including fixed MIDI channel assignments and limited support for MIDI control information. The pattern-based design of its sequencer might also be considered a disadvantage in this context.

Legacy
The QY10's legacy is the introduction of the walkstation and the QY sequencer. It has also influenced the physical design of many of Yamaha's subsequent devices, for example the MU5 sound module, the RY8 drum machine and the SU10 sampler. The CS1x, CS2x and AN1x have a small lip on the right hand end of the keyboard to accommodate a QY or SU sized module.

title: Yamaha QY10


text:
User:Ling Kah Jai

I am a Malaysian Chinese born in Sibu, Sarawak state of Malaysia. I work in Kuching, which is in the same state, as a civil and structural consulting engineer. Kuching is a small beautiful city with lots of trees and landscape along the streets. My interests are computer, programming, engineering, mathematics and physics.

How many times was a particular Wikipedia article viewed in a particular month?
Find out from this site.

Frequent use

 * Help:Displaying a formula
 * Portal:Mathematics
 * WikiProject Mathematics
 * WikiProject Mathematics/Wikipedia 1.0/Frequently viewed/List
 * WikiProject Mathematics/Current activity
 * Pages needing attention/Mathematics
 * Template messages
 * Template_messages/Cleanup
 * Template_messages/Splitting
 * Template:Subarticle
 * Article_size
 * Splitting
 * Summary_style
 * Category:Main topic classifications
 * My user page at commons:User:Ling Kah Jai

My contribution

 * Euler spiral (more or less single-handed).
 * Transposable integer (more or less single-handed).
 * Last stone game, which was merged by some user to Nim.
 * Proofs of Fermat's little theorem
 * Half of Repeating decimal that includes:

 * Fractions with prime denominators
 * Reciprocals of composite integers
 * Reciprocals of integers not co-prime to 10

 * My previous version of Repeating decimal:
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Repeating_decimal&oldid=290277404
 * that includes:
 * Explanation of cyclic behavior
 * Arithmetic proof of divisibility
 * Connection with Fermat's little theorem
 * and the last updated version (20 October 2009) before simplification by others:
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Repeating_decimal&oldid=320979464

 * My previous version of Midy's theorem:
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Midy%27s_theorem&oldid=320154070
 * Also see User:Ling Kah Jai/Midy's theorem

 * Chinese mathematics
 * Chinese astronomy
 * Timeline of Chinese astronomy
 * Soil mechanics
 * Other mathematical subjects.

 * My edition of Parasitic number (with added section):
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parasitic_number&oldid=309072561

My subpages

 * Wikipedia list of all my subpages
 * /Midy's theorem
 * /Greek alphabet

How to delete a subpage
See Guide to deletion: Edit the page putting at the top of the page. Such a reason might be, "subpage I created in error" or "subpage I created is no longer required".

title: User:Ling Kah Jai


text:
User:Bedders

I'm a UK based wikipedian with an interest in Cricket, Grimsby Town, North Lincolnshire and Railways.

After a mere handfull of edits on here, I seem to think I'm qualified to start my own wiki! Head over to http://ukrailways.wikia.com and take a look. Initial work is starting with the use of wikipedia articles to seed it. Contributions, comments and criticism welcome.

I've been working on a few pages of current and ex-Grimsby Town footballers recently and want to in the future, I'll list here to keep track. Mainly adding infoboxes, but beefing up a few as I go. Paul Futcher is my own creation and I intend to spend some more time on it in the near future

List of Grimsby Town Players

 * Category:Grimsby Town F.C. players
 * Category:Grimsby Town F.C. managers

History

 * Timeline a la Arsenal - Template:Arsenal_F.C._timeline
 * More comprehensive record section Arsenal_F.C._records

 * 1878: Formed as Grimsby Pelham
 * 1879: Changed name to Grimsby Town
 * 1889-90:Founder member of Football Alliance
 * 1892-93:Founder member of Division Two
 * 1899: Move to Blundell Park
 * 1899: Record Victory vs Darwin F.C., 9-2

 * William Seddon - arsenal
 * John/Jack Reynolds - 1904-1905 b. 23 september 1881 manchester, d 8 nov 1962, when to Switz as coach in 1912, Ajax coach for 30 yeqars, retired 1948 lived in holland on ajax pension. Spent 4.5 yuears in interment camp ww2.  Brother ofWilliam Reynolds Also proff footballer. cost sheff weds £275

isbn 0907033342 a who's who of grimsby town afc 1890-1985 by douglas lamming

Subs not used: Jobling
 * 1998 Play off Final - Davison, McDermott ,Gallimore ,Handyside ,Lever ,Burnett ,Donovan ,David Smith (Black ,66 ) ,Nogan (Livingstone ,60 ) ,Lester ,Groves

Davison ,McDermott ,Gallimore (Black ,55 ) ,Handyside ,Lever ,Burnett ,Donovan ,David Smith ,Nogan (Jobling ,93 ) ,Clare (Livingstone ,55 ) ,Groves
 * 1998 AWS Final

Coyne ,Beharall ,Groves ,Broomes ,Gallimore ,Pouton ,Butterfield ,Campbell ,Chapman (Allen ,103 ) ,Jevons ,Rowan(Boulding ,81 ) Subs not used Coldicott,Ford,Ermes
 * 2001 Liverpool Win

Mildenhall ,McDermott ,Whittle ,Rob Jones ,Croft ,Cohen (Barwick ,83 ) ,Kamudimba ,Bolland ,Parkinson ,Reddy ,Gary Jones (Gritton ,45 ) Subs not used: Ramsden, Newey, Toner
 * 2005 Tottenham Win

Mildenhall ,Croft (Futcher ,75 ) ,Robert Jones ,Whittle ,Newey ,Mendes (Goodfellow ,83 ) ,Woodhouse ,Bolland ,Parkinson ,Reddy (Cohen ,27 ) ,Gary Jones Subs not used: Kamudimba, Toner
 * 2006 Playoff Defeat

Tweedy, Vincent, Kelly, Hall, Betmead, Buck, Baldry, Bestall, Glover, Craven, Smailes
 * 1935/36 FA Cup Semi

Moulson, Vincent, Hodgson, Hall, Betmead, Buck, Boyd, Beattie, Howe, Jones, Crack
 * 1938/39 FA Cup Semi

Lincs Senior Cup
Sorry brother, it was an LCFC book. I didn't have any other winners in it.--Differentgravy 22:24, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Bedders


text:
Talk:Enterprise application integration

Merging and stuff
User:Michael Hardy put a redirect from 'Enterprise Application Integration' (capitalised) to this page, after he spotted the duplication. However he didn't do any merging, so I've been rescuing content from this other page, and trying to merge it into this article. As the same time I tried to make sure the whole article flows and makes sense. So it's looking good now, but that last sentence mentioning 'businesss process' is out on its own a bit. Need to expand upon this aspect of EAI. -- Nojer2 13:44, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I would like some comments in regards to what is missing in Enterprise_application_integration software that is generally addressed by Enterprise_service_bus software, in companies that do not have J2EE setup. 203.9.186.133 00:05, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Very nice! I'm new to the Wiki world, but I was glad to see an article like this out there when I looked. I do EAI for a living, and have a few thoughts on this topic. I would like to do a bit of expansion on the article. Is this allowable?

12.162.116.2 12:23, 11 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Certainly, that's even very welcome, so be bold. Maybe the Manual of Style is of help in doing so. Welcome! --S.K. 11:26, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

That's excellent, and thanks for the style reference to look at! I'll see what I can do with it. The article needs a few illustrive diagrams, and some drill down into the topic. Let's see what I can do with it :) -- 12.162.116.2 12:14, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

Cleanup
Looks like I did an okay job of cleaning it up. Anyone else care to take a stab, or is that good enough? --Disavian 03:22, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

ESB-POV Cleanup
I slightly de-emphasized the ESB POV. Added some more generalized notions of EAI architecture. Despite the current ESB-craze there are lots of other solutions out there- the SIF EAI standard being a notable example. Alex Jackl 00:50, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

There's a bit of an inconsistency with the ESB article that ought to be clarified. Namely, this EAI article says EAI can have a hub or a bus architecture (with "bus" linking to the ESB article). But the ESB article says, "Contrary to the more classical enterprise application integration (link to EAI article) approach of a monolithic stack in a hub and spoke architecture, ..." implying that EAI does not / cannot use an ESB. Maybe the inconsistency is due to the above change; maybe it's due to lack of consensus on what EAI and ESB are, in which case the problem can't yet be solved. Huttarl 7 Nov. 2006

 * That's not what the sentence is supposed to imply. It could certainly be worded better. EAI is an umbrella term, encompasing both the bus and hub approach (and any other approaches you can think of) to application integration. The sentence is saying the "more classical" approach to EAI is be hub approach. -- Nojer2 10:10, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

Questions
I'd like to add a company under the Commercial Solutions section but it would be an external site link. The other companies listed there all have wikipedia pages so they only link internally. Does a company need a wikipedia page to be listed?

Sblecher (talk) 20:46, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

The 70% failure statistic is not well supported by the cited article. The article says that EAI projects suffer from a roughly 70% failure rate, but cites no studies/evidence to support this. Without stronger evidence, shouldn't this entry use less definite wording? Maybe "it has been suggested that..."? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.107.0.73 (talk) 20:09, 10 September 2009 (UTC)

Cleanup
I propose to remove the lists of Commerical and Open Source solutions. They add nothing to the article content, are mostly out of date, and if required could very well form their own list article. Thoughts? --HighKing (talk) 17:47, 27 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I also propose removing the products under the Future section. The MS product is not an EAI product and is in such marginal use in its field (BPM) that listing it first is actively misleading. I support creating a list in a separate article that can be discussed and maintained properly.

Piquin (talk) 23:09, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Is this article still being updated and managed ... By anyone?

It's been in a terrible shape for quite some time. Redazzo (talk) 09:19, 28 April 2020 (UTC)

EAI-POV
Under section "Improving connectivity", the paragraph referring to "fully meshed point-to-point connections" is completely absurd. This statement (along with the formula) is implying that every application used by an enterprise is connected to every other application in the enterprise. This is scenario is unrealistically pessimistic, and I challenge anyone to prove me otherwise by citing a real-life instance of this problem. From my industry experience, I have found that the number of connections is approximately equal to the number of points. Please provide a citation to these facts or remove the paragraph. Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jonez176 (talk • contribs) 15:30, 5 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I don't see why the paragraph is "absurd". Sure, it's pretty clearly a worst-case scenario, but it's been qualified by limiting itself to "fully meshed point-to-point connections". This scenario is not unusual when considering subsets of the full suite of applications present in an enterprise.

 * However, there are numerous citations that could be given in support, and I happen to agree that one or more citations is necessary to supports the stated claims in the remainder of the section.

 * With respect to your comment, do you have anything to support your claim that the number of connections is approximately equal to the number of points? I'd expect something like the Watts and Strogatz model to be applicable, which offers some support to your comment. Redazzo (talk) 11:37, 30 July 2012 (UTC)

Outdated references
Unfortunately, most of the reference links don't work anymore. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.175.152.0 (talk) 18:45, 26 November 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Enterprise application integration


text:
Ronald T. Kadish

Lt. Gen. Ronald T. Kadish, Ret. (born April 6, 1948) is a United States Air Force officer who rose to head the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization and the Missile Defense Agency within the United States Department of Defense.

Biography
Born in Kingston, Pennsylvania, Kadish attended the Cardinal O'Hara High School and earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1970 from St. Joseph's University in Philadelphia and joined the Air Force through the OTS program. He trained as a pilot on the C-130E aircraft and, as a pilot and instructor, logged over 2,500 flight hours.

By the early 1990s, Kadish had risen through the ranks to the posts of Program Director of the F-15, F-16, and C-17 programs at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. From 1996 to 1999, he commanded the Electronic Systems Center at Hanscom Air Force Base, and in 1999 was named director of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization in The Pentagon.

From January 2002 until his retirement in September 2004, Kadish headed the Missile Defense Agency. His name was circulated as a possible NASA administrator following the 2004 resignation of Sean O'Keefe. He now works at Booz Allen Hamilton.

title: Ronald T. Kadish


text:
User:Tr00st

{|
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Disclaimer:
I often attempt sarcasm. Please be aware that I'm probably not trying to insult you, but I'm utterly heartless and am terrible with words... To put it simply, if I'm being an ass, please tell me! {|
 * }
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Hello!
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title: User:Tr00st


text:
Talk:Carnegie Medal (literary award)

[Untitled]
I replaced the shortlist below with the winner only.

Current shortlist (books published in 2003) --mervyn 13:49, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * David Almond, The Fire Eaters
 * Jennifer Donnelly, A Gathering Light
 * Mark Haddon, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time
 * Elizabeth Laird, The Garbage King
 * Michael Morpurgo, Private Peaceful
 * Linda Newbery, Sisterland

 * Runners up including shortlists are now part of the program for articles on book awards. That section does need some help here, see below. --P64 (talk) 20:44, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation
Since there is more than one Carnegie Medal award, I'm changing this to "Carnegie Medal in Literature" and initiating a disambiguation page.

--UnicornTapestry (talk) 20:36, 4 January 2009 (UTC)

Winners of multiple awards
This new section of the article includes, which I have already used in the preface. That is short for "Repeat winners", a section heading in some articles on awards.

The list of six authors with two Medals is nearly reliable because the source is inspection of our table sorted by author.

Six books have won both Guardian and Carnegie --I have dared to say, although the only source is my inspection of the two Winners lists. That is errorprone, so needs another editor or two. Please confirm or correct. --P64 (talk) 15:43, 5 May 2012 (UTC)

Fiction award in practice?
As i leave the article after major revision in the last few days, a one-line quotation is isolated.
 * "All categories of books for children and young people are eligible."

The article will benefit from some observation, and preferably some discussion, about which books do win.

In more than twenty years there was no winner of Carnegie and Nestle Smarties. The eldest of three Nestle reader categories is 9 to 11. (Harry Potter won that when he was 11, 12, and 13 years old.) The coincidence suggest to me that books truly for readers age 9 to 11 are too childish for the Carnegie Medal in practice.

CILIP specifies no considerations except those re plot, characterisation, and style (jointly mentioned in the article). P and C pertain only to fiction and four of six S considerations pertain only to fiction, I suppose. That leaves two of more than a dozen official considerations which might pertain to nonfiction: Is the style or styles appropriate to the subject and theme? Where factual information is presented, is this accurate and clear? This suggest to me that nonfiction cannot win in practice.

This is original research. Discussion in the article will require references. There is scope for careful observations based on original research, however. Most or even all Medalists may be identified as novels in our articles, or classified as fiction by the British Library (or other authority). Many of the books are in print and many publishers now recommend reader age ranges, so a census with worthwhile coverage may be feasible.

My observation about Nestle Smarties is a start. (If skim correctly, one Carnegie Medalist ranked third for Nestle age 9-11.) Any other UK award to pre-school and elementary books may be usefully compared with the Medal. --P64 (talk) 15:27, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Quoting the press release "Shortlist for the 2012 CILIP Carnegie Medal announced" |ref name=short2012/|,
 * * "... bucking the trend of recent shortlists which have majored on teenage and young adult fiction. ... the shortlisted novels take young readers ..."
 * This confirms to me, but does not prove, that this may be a fiction award in practice, or close enough that some insiders think of it as such. --P64 (talk) 19:46, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

 * The Radium Woman (1939) is a biography of M. Curie; we call it the first non-fiction to win the Carnegie Medal.
 * Presumable non-fiction was the first Highly Commended book we list, identified when no 1966 Medal was awarded: The Bayeux Tapestry: ....
 * CILIP's Greenaway Medal for illustration has been dominated by fiction in recent decades. Indeed, the press release for 2001 Greenaway Medal Pirate Diary, illus. Chris Riddell, called it the first "information book" Medalist in 27 years. And that is historical fiction, called "fictionalised" in the press release. --P64 (talk) 17:38, 21 June 2012 (UTC)

Publication year
As i leave the article after major revision in the last few days, there are two allusions to the "school year" in relation to the current publication year September to August. According to a previous editor, students at many schools participate in some sense, between Nominations and Shortlist (4 Nov to 27 Mar this year). Those dates too suggest catering to the school year.

Whatever the rationale, I wonder how long the Sep to Aug publication year has been in effect. That is such a misfit for the calendar year (which i take to be the default reference of these expressions) that simple mention of the "preceding year" or the "year following publication" is dangerous. Why don't CILIP and this article routinely provide publication dates? Are there very few books published (officially released?) Sep to Dec?

I will not add publication date to the table. Complete notice of the facts may not be worth the column space. But the article will benefit from some observations in the text or footnotes. --P64 (talk) 15:39, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

Shortlists

 * third of three new sections 2012-05-08, after second draft of major revision

At the top and at 2005 i have marked this section incomplete list and citation needed. We need a source for shortlists prior to 2009. (From a great distance, i suppose that there is a print source complete for 1936 to some recent year.) If 1993 was the first public shortlist, we should explain that --both in the lead and at 1993 in the list, I think.

Although winners are listed above, they may deserve some highlight in the shortlists.

The shortlists make one long footnote, in effect. It may be appropriate to provide more information. For example, any nonfiction books might be marked "— nonfiction". The Amber Spyglass might be marked "(His Dark Materials, Book 3)". --P64 (talk) 16:12, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

I just fixed the website link for the Shortlist commendations -—however, the librarian who put together the short list in question did not cite their sources. Should we assume that this is a legitimate primary source?Alarumclock (talk) 19:05, 19 November 2020 (UTC)

Oldest and most prestigious
CILIP calls this "the UK's oldest and most prestigious book award for children's writing". It would. I have added precisely that, as a quotation, to the lead par immediately following identification of CILIP as the conferring body. So we have a plain fact as stated and the context is appropriate. Should we say it?

Is it correct? Privately I wondered about that a month ago, working on Guardian Award, where our lead section concludes, "It may be compared with the American Newbery Medal.clarification needed" (my tag). It may be compared, of course. What happens if the Guardian and Carnegie are both compared with the Newbery which is clearly the oldest and most prestigious in the U.S.?

As the two articles stand, the Carnegie Medal must appear more important and the Guardian Award less important, because the former has a real article and the latter really is a WP:STANDALONE list of winners and finalists, and still unreferenced --although both are literally Start-grade articles as I write.

Is anyone able to state or cite a reliable judgment? --P64 (talk) 20:30, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

 * Report: Current ratings for WP:Children's literature.

--P64 (talk) 20:19, 11 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Top - Carnegie Medal in Literature
 * High - Blue Peter Book Award (!?)
 * Mid - Kate Greenaway Medal, Tir na n-Og Award, Guardian Award, Smarties Prize

 * "the UK's most prestigious award for children's literature, the Carnegie medal" --from The Guardian's own coverage of the 2012 Carnegie shortlist. ("Carnegie shortlist includes Andy Mulligan's controversial Trash: ...". Alison Flood. guardian.co.uk, Tuesday 27 March 2012.) --P64 (talk) 16:58, 18 June 2012 (UTC)

Two more ALA Carnegie Medals
This year the American Library Association inaugurates two Andrew Carnegie Medals (sigh) "to recognize the best fiction and nonfiction books for adult readers published in the U.S. the previous year." The occasion is the centennial of Carnegie Corporation of New York, the sponsor.

Those two make three year's best ALA awards named for Andrew Carnegie, those two for best adult books and the (Andrew) Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Children's Video. --P64 (talk) 19:14, 18 June 2012 (UTC)

 * Note that both are Andrew Carnegie Medals. One of the tokens is literally "The Andrew Carnegie Medal" in high relief. For the American Library Association "Carnegie Medal" is a nickname, useful in forming URLs and menu listings but the prose makes clear that the name begins with A.
 * Our article Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Children's Video should be moved (as should Belpré Medal for the Pura Belpré Award, and perhaps others) and its infobox title revised at least to Andrew Carnegie Medal.
 * --P64 (talk) 02:57, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

Illustrations
During the first three decades (28 medals thru 1965) every one of the winning works was illustrated. Source: Marcus Crouch, ed., Chosen for Children (second ed., covering those 30 years) lists an illustrator or mentions the author's illustrations for every one of the books. We have book articles on 24 of the winning works, all of which identify their illustrators. Six authors illustrated or co-illustrated their books, most recently 1953, Edward Osmond, A Valley Grows Up. During the fourth and fifth decades (19 medals 1966-85) eight works were illustrated, none by their authors. Since then (27 medals) only three works have been illustrated, namely 1998, 2010, and 2012. Sources: WorldCat library records for first editions. And our book articles: we have a complete set with infobox OCLC links to those records.

Summary count of winning works with illustrations
 * 1936-65: 28 of 28 (six illus. by the writer)
 * 1966-85: 8 of 19 (none " ")
 * 1986-12: 3 of 26 (none " ")

 * In sum: 39 of 73 medal-winning books illustrated (six self-illustrated)

--P64 (talk) 19:34, 7 January 2013 (UTC)

 * I think this is simply a case of a change in publishers' conventions. At one time virtually all children's books were illustrated, at least in their hardback versions. Nowadays it is usually only books for younger children that are illustrated, and it is mostly books for older children that win the medal.
 * I'm inclined to think that A Valley Grows Up would have won the Kate Greenaway Medal instead if it had been established that year, but that other books won on the strength of their text, not the illustrations. Robina Fox (talk) 04:52, 8 January 2013 (UTC)

Name change
This article was recently changed from "Carnegie Medal in Literature" to "Carnegie Medal (literary award)". Prior to that, I had made about 300 piping changes away from the disamb page "Carnegie Medal". Now these piping changes are going to the old article name, so I recommend moving the article back to "Carnegie Medal in Literature" to preserve the corrected piping. Semper Fi! FieldMarine (talk) 16:43, 27 March 2013 (UTC)
 * No, this is a better name, since the medal is actually just called the Carnegie Medal. Only in Wikipedia has "in Literature" been tacked onto it. The changes you made will still arrive here, through redirection. However, I will be changing them again where the form "Carnegie Medal in Literature" appears in articles, as it is incorrect. Robina Fox (talk) 00:15, 28 March 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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Remove 'Latest rendition' section
I propose that we remove the 'Latest rendition' section. It's superfluous in my opinion, since the majority of the information is already contained within the article, and only serves to bulk out an already rather bulky article. Other articles on literary awards (eg. Booker Prize, Man Booker International Prize, British Book Awards, Women's Prize for Fiction) don't have a comparable section. Supervegan (talk) 09:30, 15 March 2019 (UTC)

Add a 'Controversies' section?
Planning to add a 'Controversies' section or something similar, as there have been several in recent years. Eg. The Bunker Diary, Trash, and some of the other novels which won or have been nominated have been criticised for graphic content, bleakness, swearing, etc.

Also #CarnegieSoWhite on Twitter after a lack of BAME authors longlisted, which prompted a diversity review (see: ) Supervegan (talk) 10:52, 15 March 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Carnegie Medal (literary award)


text:
Survivor: Palau

Survivor: Palau is the tenth season of the American CBS competitive reality television series Survivor. The season filmed from November 1, 2004, through December 9, 2004, and premiered on February 17, 2005. Filming took place in Koror, Palau. Hosted by Jeff Probst, it consisted of the usual 39 days of gameplay with 20 competitors, the most the series had ever begun with up to that point.

For the second time since the series' premiere, the contestants selected the tribes instead of the producers. The self-selection into two tribes of nine left two contestants not chosen and immediately eliminated from the game. In the game, Koror dominated from the very beginning, winning every immunity challenge and all but three reward challenges. Mid-game, having survived alone at Ulong after the entirety of her tribe had been voted out or eliminated at tribal councils, its last remaining player, Stephenie LaGrossa received a map to Koror. While the players at the finale spoke of this as a merger, the producers have described Palau as the only season without a merge. In the end, fire lieutenant Tom Westman defeated advertising executive Katie Gallagher in a 6–1 jury vote to become the Sole Survivor.

In addition to host Probst naming this as one of his favorite seasons, he stated that the final immunity challenge was his favorite immunity challenge from any season. He also said Palau was his favorite filming location. Survivor earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination in 2005.

Contestants

The two tribes were named Ulong (named after Ulong Island, one of Palau's tourist spots) and Koror (named after the capital city of Palau at the time). This was the first (and only) season in Survivor history not to have a merged tribe.

Notable contestants include Miss USA 2002 competitor and Miss Ohio USA 2002 Kim Mullen, Actress Jennifer Lyon, and eventual Texas House of Representatives member, Jolanda Jones.

Future appearances
Bobby Jon Drinkard and Stephenie LaGrossa competed again in Survivor: Guatemala. LaGrossa and Tom Westman competed in Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains on the Heroes tribe.

Outside of Survivor, LaGrossa competed on the USA Network reality competition series Snake in the Grass. LaGrossa also competed on the first season of the Peacock reality TV series The Traitors.

Season summary
The twenty players began the game by rowing a boat to shore, with the first player of each gender to reach shore to win immunity. The next day, Jeff Probst announced that they would now pick tribes via a schoolyard pick, with those who had won immunity getting first pick. In addition, the last male and female remaining would immediately leave the game. The two tribes, Koror and Ulong, then participated in the first reward/immunity challenge, with the winner, Koror, deciding to leave their present beach to another one they had not seen.

As the challenges continued, it quickly became apparent that Ulong was the weaker tribe, while strong leadership by Tom and Ian at Koror kept the tribe intact. Ulong would win no immunity challenges and few reward challenges, and Koror's only visit to tribal council was the result of a double-elimination twist. Stephenie and Bobby Jon, the last two members of Ulong, lost the final tribal immunity challenge. Since they were unable to vote, the two faced off in a fire-making challenge with Stephenie emerging victorious. After spending the night alone, she was instructed to travel to Koror, and was absorbed into their tribe.

Koror developed a core group of five – Tom, Ian, Gregg, Jenn, and Katie – and those on the outside saw them as a threat but were unable to break them. Despite making an immediate strong impression on her new tribe, Stephenie was quickly identified as a target due to her strength and for being the outsider. In a twist that would eventually lead to its use in later seasons, one individual immunity challenge required the first player to drop out to spend a night alone on an isolated island. Janu was exiled and found the experience liberating, choosing to quit the game at the next tribal council, effectively sparing Stephenie from being voted out. However, her safety would not last and Stephenie was subsequently voted out.

With six players remaining, Tom and Ian decided to spare Caryn, the last remaining outsider, instead plotting with her to eliminate Gregg for potentially strengthening a bond with Katie after going on a reward together. Despite voting Gregg out, Katie felt betrayed by Ian, and her feelings worsened when Ian took Tom with him on a reward instead of her as he had promised. Ian attempted to make amends but Katie still held harsh feelings towards him. After disposing of Caryn, the final four players opted to allow the next vote to end in a tie between Jenn and Ian, and Ian won the subsequent fire-making challenge.

The final immunity challenge required players to stand on buoys for as long as possible; Katie dropped out early, but both Tom and Ian remained for nearly 12 hours. Ian opted to quit the challenge, conceding immunity to Tom, after Tom played on his remorse for hurting Katie's feelings and breaking his promises to her. Forgoing the usual tribal council, Tom voted Ian out of the game on the spot. At the final tribal council, Tom's leadership and physical ability against Katie's less dominant gameplay led the jury to award Tom the title of Sole Survivor by a vote of 6–1.

 * In the case of multiple tribes or castaways who win reward or immunity, they are listed in order of finish, or alphabetically where it was a team effort; where one castaway won and invited others, the invitees are in brackets.

Reception
Survivor: Palau has generally received praise from fans and critics alike, particularly for the gameplay of winner Tom Westman, and such memorable moments as the "bah-bah-buoy" challenge that lasted almost 12 hours (the longest challenge in American Survivor history), as well as the first-ever "tribe of one" in Survivor history. Host Jeff Probst ranked it as his 4th-favorite in 2010, citing the memorability of the buoy challenge and also calling Westman "one of our greatest winners." Andrea Deiher of Zap2it similarly ranked Palau as #4, saying that LaGrossa "became maybe the toughest woman ever to play the game," and called the buoy challenge "the most epic immunity challenge ever." Tom Santilli of Examiner.com ranked it 7th, saying that it "was one of the strongest [seasons], and featured a very memorable overall cast," adding that the "tribe of one" incident "may be one of the saddest moments in history, and cemented Stephanie in the hearts of many fans." Entertainment Weekly's Dalton Ross ranked it as the ninth-best season of the series, saying that he "loved watching one tribe decimate the other...the challenges may have been Survivors best ever," and although he claimed that everyone "knew Tom would win from episode 1, it was still gripping nonetheless." In 2014, Joe Reid of The Wire ranked it 10th, stating that Westman "went pretty much wire-to-wire in barnstorming this season," and played "Perhaps a perfect game," while also noting that "Stephanie and Bobby Jon won our hearts by surviving the longest on the decimated Ulong tribe, the losingest tribe of all time." In 2015, a poll by Rob Has a Podcast ranked Palau 13th out of 30 with Rob Cesternino ranking this season 9th. This was updated in 2021 during Cesternino's podcast, Survivor All-Time Top 40 Rankings, ranking 18th out of 40. Palau was also ranked 13th on "The Purple Rock Podcast," with the summary stating: "Palau has a lot of things going for it: great challenges, a good cast, an interesting way to start the game, and several great story arcs. All of those factors work into an interesting final episode that make the season memorable and result in an excellent winner." In 2020, Inside Survivor ranked this season 17th out of 40 citing "its wholly unique story—a story unlike any other season that came before or after" with the decimation of the Ulong tribe.

title: Survivor: Palau


text:
GAZ-69

The GAZ-69 is a four-wheel drive off-road vehicle produced by GAZ (ГАЗ, or Gorkovsky Avtomobilnyi Zavod, Gorky Automobile Factory) between 1953 and 1956 and then by UAZ between 1956 and 1972, though all of these light truck class vehicles were known as GAZ-69s. It was also produced in Romania until 1975.

Development and production
The GAZ-69 was created by the team of chief designer Grigoriy Vasserman as a replacement for the GAZ-67B that would have lower fuel consumption than its predecessor and use the same 55 hp 2.1 L inline four and three-speed transmission as the GAZ-M20 Pobeda. The development process started in 1946 and the first prototypes known under the name "Truzhenik" (Toiler) were built in 1947. After extensive on-road testing, the new off-road vehicle went into production on August 25, 1953. Over 600,000 GAZ-69s had been built by the end of production in the USSR in 1972. a copy of the GAZ-69 with some modifications was produced by ARO in Romania until 1975, first as the IMS-57, its main difference was that it used the GAZ-A type I4 engine (obtained by importing old Soviet tooling, as the original GAZ-69 engine was seen as uneconomical), then heavily redesigned as the IMS M59, and later modernized as the ARO M461. GAZ-69s were standard military jeeps of the Eastern Bloc and client states, except Romania that used mainly the locally built ARO models.

Design
The standard GAZ-69 was able to reach 56 mph, but more powerful versions, with 2400 cc (derived from the basic 2100 cc) 65 h.p. engines and the same three-speed gearbox, could reach 100 km/h. They were known as the GAZ-69M, or GAZ-69AM for the four-door version.

It featured two fuel tanks, one of 47 L under the floor, one of 28 L beneath the passenger's seat. All civilian models also had to meet Army requirements, in case of wartime requisitioning. (This is also why a hardtop version was not available until 1993) The basic variant GAZ-69 has a pair of doors and usually has standard canvas top and upper sides; there are two seats in front and two folding benches for three passengers each on sides. The further variant GAZ-69A (UAZ-69A) has four doors, folding canvas top and two rows of seats.

It was used as the basis for the rear-wheel drive van GAZ-19 that was built in 1955 but didn't pass the prototype stage. The off-road van and light truck UAZ-450 and the newer UAZ-469 also traced their origins to the GAZ-69.

Military use
The GAZ-69 had been the basic light off-road vehicle of the Soviet Army, replacing GAZ-67s and Willys Jeeps, before the army adopted the UAZ-469. It was also used as the basis for the 2P26 tank destroyer, as well as for the GAZ-46 MAV, a light 4x4 amphibious vehicle inspired by the Ford GPA 'Seep'.

Users

 * 🇦🇫 Afghanistan
 * 🇦🇱 Albania
 * 🇮🇩 − around 4400 units ordered in total; first batch 4000 units ordered by government, second batch 400 units ordered by Indonesian Air Force
 * 🇮🇶 Iraq
 * 🇮🇷 Iran
 * undefined
 * 🇰🇵 − Built locally as the Kaengsaeng
 * 🇷🇴 Romania − Built locally
 * 🇮🇩 − around 4400 units ordered in total; first batch 4000 units ordered by government, second batch 400 units ordered by Indonesian Air Force
 * 🇮🇶 Iraq
 * 🇮🇷 Iran
 * undefined
 * 🇰🇵 − Built locally as the Kaengsaeng
 * 🇷🇴 Romania − Built locally
 * 🇷🇴 Romania − Built locally

In Popular Culture
In the film Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull a GAZ-69 appears in one of the chases of the film involving Spalko and the main characters.

title: GAZ-69


text:
Template:Year in rail transport

This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in.

{{Documentation|content=

Usage
This template takes one parameter and is used in the following manner: Substitute the appropriate year for the  parameter, which is set to   here for demonstration purposes.

}}

title: Template:Year in rail transport


text:
K. P. R. Gopalan

K. P. R. Gopalan (1 June 1906 – 5 August 1997), popularly known as KPR was an Indian politician and a communist leader from Kalliasseri, Kerala. Once a member of the Kerala State Assembly, he lost his seat in the general election of 1 February 1960. He was subsequently re-elected. While a member, he led a failed attempt at armed revolt in the Cannanore area. At one point he was sentenced to death by the colonial authorities, before the sentence was commuted by Charu Chandra Biswas, at the urging of A. K. Gopalan.

Gopalan was one of the founding members of the Communist Party in Kerala in 1940. He, in cooperation with the KPCC, was the main organizer of Morozha protest on 15 September 1940. The protest became violent when police tried to suppress it. One Sub-Inspector and a Constable died in the clash with the mob, mainly constituted of farmers, agricultural labourers, and other trade union workers.

The police caught all prominent leaders, including Gopalan and E. Narayanan Nayanar, the elder brother of E. K. Nayanar, former Kerala Chief Minister for 11 years. The court sentenced all of them to imprisonment and later on appeal, Madras High Court sentenced Gopalan to death. He was sent to Bellary Jail. The verdict attracted wide protest across Kerala and India. Kerala observed a day honoring K.P.R. Gopalan and Mathrubhumi, the leading newspaper wrote an editorial demanding that his death sentence be commuted. Gandhiji was also involved and said it is not acceptable. British communist party protested and the case even received the attention of the British Parliament. Due to this mass protest, the British Government finally reduced the punishment from hanging to life imprisonment. Later, he was released when Congress Interim Government took power in Madras state. Eminent Communist leader P. Krishna Pillai wrote an article hailing Gopalan entitled "The Bolshevik Hero of Kerala". Gopalan died of natural causes on 5 August 1997, aged 91. His niece K. P. Sarada was married to E. K. Nayanar.

title: K. P. R. Gopalan


text: File:GoodFeelingalbumcover.jpg

title: File:GoodFeelingalbumcover.jpg