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McLean

MacLean, also spelt Maclean and McLean, is a Scottish Gaelic surname (Mac Gille Eathain, or,  Mac Giolla Eóin in Irish Gaelic), Eóin being a Gaelic form of Johannes (John). The clan surname is an Anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic "Mac Gille Eathain", a patronymic meaning "son of Gillean". Gillean means "the Servant of [Saint] John [the Baptist]"), named for Gilleathain na Tuaidh, known as "Gillian of the Battleaxe", a famous 5th century warrior.

Eachan Reaganach and his brother Lachlan were descended from Gilleathain na Tuaidh, and are the progenitors of the clan. The family grew very powerful throughout the Hebrides and Highlands through alliances with the Catholic Church in Scotland in the 9th century, the MacDonalds in the 13th century, and the MacKays and MacLeods in the 16th century. Other spellings of the name include McClean, MacLaine, McLaine, McLain, MacLane, and many others.

Duart Castle is the seat of Clan MacLean.

McLean

 * Aaron McLean (born 1983), English professional footballer
 * Adam McLean, Scottish authority on alchemical texts and symbolism
 * Agnes McLean (1918–1994), Scottish trade unionist and politician
 * AJ McLean (born 1978), American musician and singer
 * Al McLean (born 1937), Canadian politician from Ontario
 * Alan McLean (New Zealand cricketer) (1911–2003), New Zealand cricketer
 * Alex McLean (born 1975), British musician and software researcher
 * Allan McLean (Australian politician) (1840–1911), Premier of Victoria 1899–1900, Gippsland's first Federal representative 1901-1906
 * Allan McLean (outlaw) (1855–1881), Canadian outlaw and son of Donald McLean, fur trader and explorer
 * Andrea McLean, British weather forecaster and television personality
 * Angela McLean (biologist), University of Oxford Professor of Mathematical Biology
 * Angela McLean, Lieutenant-Governor of Montana (2014-16)
 * Archibald McLean (disambiguation), various
 * Bethany McLean, business writer for Vanity Fair magazine; formerly Fortune magazine; well known for her work in uncovering the Enron scandal
 * Bill McLean (1918-1996), Australian soldier and rugby union player, Wallabies captain
 * Bitty McLean, British/Jamaican reggae singer
 * Bruce McLean, Scottish artist
 * Brian McLean (disambiguation), various
 * Bryan McLean (1946–1998), American rock musician
 * Daniel McLean (disambiguation), various
 * David McLean (disambiguation), various
 * David McLean (businessman) (born 1938), founder of the McLean Group of Companies
 * Des McLean, Scottish stand-up comedian, actor and presenter
 * Dominique "SonicFox" McLean (born 1991), American esports player
 * Don McLean (born 1945), American singer and songwriter
 * Donald McLean (fur trader) (1805–1864), Hudson's Bay Company fur trader and explorer, father of outlaw Allan McLean
 * Donald McLean (New Zealand politician) (1820–1877), New Zealand politician and government official
 * Donald McLean (pastoralist) (1780–1855) pioneer wheat farmer of South Australia
 * Doug McLean, Jr. (1912–1961), Australian rugby union and rugby league player
 * Doug McLean, Sr. (1880–1947), Australian rugby union and rugby league player
 * Edward Beale McLean (1889–1941), American newspaper publisher, Washington Post
 * Ernest McLean (1926–2012), American R&B guitarist
 * Ernie McLean (politician), Canadian politician
 * Errol McLean (born 1952), Guyanese cyclist
 * Evalyn Walsh McLean (1886–1947), American Washington socialite, wife of Edward Beale McLean
 * Francis H. McLean (1869-1945), American social work pioneer, leader in the Charity Organization Society Movement
 * George F. McLean (1929–2016), American philosopher
 * George P. McLean (1857–1932), American politician
 * Gloria Hatrick McLean (1918–1994), wife of American actor Jimmy Stewart
 * G. S. McLean, founder and long-time past President of Full Gospel Bible Institute (now Eston College), pastor, lecturer and writer
 * Ian McLean (1929–1965), Australian rules footballer
 * Ian McLean (politician) (born 1934), New Zealand politician
 * Jamel McLean (born 1988), American basketball player
 * John McLean (1785–1861), American politician and jurist from Ohio
 * John McLean (disambiguation), other people named John McLean
 * Jackie McLean (1931–2006), American jazz musician
 * James "Buddy" McLean, Irish-American gangster
 * James Hamilton McLean (1936–2016), American malacologist
 * Jason C. McLean (born 1977), Canadian stage actor
 * Jim McLean (1937–2020), Scottish football player and manager
 * Jock McLean (1908–1988), Scottish footballer
 * John McLean (1785–1861), American politician and jurist from Ohio
 * John McLean (Illinois politician) (1791–1830), American politician from Illinois
 * Kenny McLean (born 1992), Scottish footballer
 * Kirk McLean (born 1966), Canadian professional ice hockey player
 * Lachlan McLean (news anchor) (born 1968), American radio broadcaster
 * Lenny McLean a.k.a. “Guv'nor” (1949–1998), English weightlifter and boxer
 * Luke McLean (born 1987), Australian-born Italian rugby union player
 * Mable Parker McLean (1922–2012), American academic administrator
 * Malcom McLean (1914–2001), inventor of containerized shipping
 * McLean (singer) (born 1980), Anthony McLean a British singer previously known as Digga.
 * McLean Stevenson (1929–1996), American actor
 * Martha McLean, local activist
 * Margaret McLean (1845–1923), Australian women's rights advocate
 * Matt McLean, American swimmer
 * Matt McLean (racing driver), racing driver
 * Matty McLean (born 1986), New Zealand television presenter
 * Max McLean (born 1953), stage actor, writer, and producer
 * Michelle McLean (contemporary), Namibian woman crowned Miss Universe in 1992
 * Motto McLean (1925–2019), Canadian ice hockey player
 * Nathaniel McLean (1815–1905), Union Army Civil War general
 * Nixon McLean (born 1973), West Indian cricketer
 * Paul McLean (rugby union) (born 1953), Australian rugby union player and rugby union administrator
 * Ray (Scooter) McLean, head coach of the Green Bay Packers football team in 1958
 * Roderick McLean (19th century), Scottish poet who attempted to assassinate Queen Victoria
 * Samuel McLean (U.S. Consul), U.S. Consul for Trinidad de Cuba; 1849–1853, born 1797 in Alexandria, Virginia
 * Samuel McLean (congressman), Congressman for Montana, born 1826 in Summit Hill, Pennsylvania
 * Samuel McLean (Canadian politician), politician of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador
 * Sara McLean, former Miss Scotland 2011 runner-up and Big Brother 2012 housemate
 * Stuart or Stewart McLean, various
 * Tim McLean (1986–2008), Canadian murder victim
 * Tommy McLean (born 1947), Scottish football player and manager
 * Tre McLean (born 1993), American basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
 * Walter McLean (born 1936), Canadian clergyman and politician from British Columbia, Manitoba, and Ontario
 * William B. McLean (1914-1976), United States Navy physicist, conceived and developed the heat-seeking Sidewinder missile
 * Wilmer McLean (1814-1882), American farmer in whose house the American Civil war ended in 1865

MacLean

 * Alex MacLean (born 1947), American photographic artist
 * Alick Maclean (1872–1936), English composer
 * Alistair MacLean (1922–1987), Scottish novelist
 * Allan Maclean of Torloisk, officer in the British Army responsible for Canada not taken over by rebels during the American War of Independence
 * Alejandro Maclean, Spanish film producer and aerobatics pilot
 * Alison Maclean, Canadian film director of music videos
 * Andrew Dyas MacLean (1896–1971), Canadian naval officer and publisher
 * Angus MacLean (1915–2000), Canadian politician, former Premier of Prince Edward Island
 * Archer Maclean (contemporary), British computer games programmer
 * Archibald MacLean, British Army and Royal Air Force officer
 * Bonnie MacLean, American artist
 * Brett MacLean (born 1988), Canadian ice hockey player
 * Bryan MacLean (1946–1998), American singer, guitarist and songwriter
 * Calum Maclean (folklorist) (1915–1960), Scottish folklorist, collector, ethnographer and author
 * Charles Hector Fitzroy Maclean of Duart, Baron Maclean (1916–1990), Scottish nobleman, Lord Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth II 1971–1984
 * Craig MacLean (born 1971), Scottish track cyclist
 * Danielle MacLean (fl.1990s–present), Australian filmmaker
 * David Maclean (born 1953), English politician from Penrith and The Border
 * Don Maclean (comedian) (born 1944), British comedian and television host
 * Don MacLean (basketball) (born 1970), American basketball player and broadcaster
 * Sir Donald Maclean (British politician) (1864–1932), English politician
 * Donald Maclean (spy) (1913–1983), British intelligence agent and spy for the Soviet Union during WWII
 * Doug MacLean (born 1954), Canadian sportscaster and former head coach and general manager
 * Dougie MacLean (born 1954), Scottish singer-songwriter
 * Douglas MacLean (1890–1967), American silent motion picture actor, producer, and writer
 * Eileen MacLean (1949–1996), American educator and politician
 * Every Maclean (fl. 1870s), member of the New Zealand Legislative Council
 * Sir Ewen Maclean, professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
 * Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1st Baronet (1911–1996), Scottish diplomat, adventurer, writer, and politician
 * Sir George Maclean, (1795-1861), Commissary General in the British Army.
 * George Maclean (1801-1847), Governor of Gold Coast
 * Harry Aubrey de Maclean (1848–1920), (Kaïd, General Sir), soldier and instructor to the Moroccan army
 * Hector MacLean (disambiguation)
 * Hector Lachlan Stewart MacLean (1871–1897), Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * James Mackenzie Maclean (1835-1906), Welsh politician
 * Jill MacLean (born 1941), English-Canadian author
 * John Duncan MacLean (1873–1948), Canadian politician, Premier of British Columbia 1927–1928
 * John Maclean MA (1879–1923), Scottish politician
 * John Frederick MacLean (1921-1973) American sports broadcaster
 * John MacLean (ice hockey) (born 1964), Canadian professional ice hockey player
 * John Norman Maclean (contemporary), American author
 * The Juan MacLean, American electronic musician
 * Karon MacLean, American and Canadian computer scientist and mechanical engineer
 * Katherine MacLean (1925-2019), American science fiction author
 * Kenny MacLean (1956–2008), Scottish-Canadian musician
 * Kirsty Maclean (born 2005), Scottish footballer
 * Malcolm Alexander MacLean (1842–1895), Canadian politician, Mayor of Vancouver, BC 1886–1887
 * MacLean & MacLean, a comedy/parody duo in Canada
 * Melinda MacLean (born 1946), Canadian politician
 * Nancy MacLean (born 1959), American historian
 * Natalie MacLean, Canadian wine writer
 * Neil Maclean (politician) (1875–1953), Scottish politician
 * Norman Maclean (1902–1990), American novelist and academic
 * Norman Hector Mackinnon Maclean (Tormod MacGill-Eain) (1936-2017), Scottish Gaelic comedian, novelist, poet, musician and broadcaster.
 * Paul MacLean (ice hockey) (born 1958), Canadian ice hockey player
 * Paul D. MacLean (1913–2007), American physician and brain scientist
 * Rachel Maclean, a Scottish multi-media artist
 * Rachel Maclean (born 1965), UK politician
 * Ranald MacLean (born 1938), Scottish judge
 * Robert MacLean (born 1970), American Air Force, Border Patrol, and Federal Air Marshal Service veteran
 * Rob MacLean (born 1958), Scottish television presenter, football commentator and sports writer
 * Ronald MacLean Abaroa (born 1949), Bolivian politician
 * Ron MacLean (born 1960), Canadian sportscaster
 * Rory MacLean (born 1954), Canadian and British author
 * Sarah Jean Munro Maclean (1873–1952), Canadian painter
 * Sorley MacLean (1911–1996), Scottish Scots Gaelic poet
 * Steven MacLean (disambiguation), various
 * Steven MacLean (astronaut) (born 1954), Canadian astronaut
 * Steve MacLean (footballer) (born 1982), retired Scottish footballer and current first team coach at St. Johnstone
 * Tara MacLean (born 1973), Canadian singer and songwriter
 * Veronica Maclean (1920–2005), British food writer and hotelier
 * Vince MacLean (born 1944), Canadian politician and former Speaker of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly

McClean

 * James McClean (born 1989), Irish footballer

Maclean Feudal Barons in Scotland

 * The Honorable Sir Lachlan Maclean of Duart Baron of Duart
 * Sir Charles Edward Maclean of Dunconnel Bt, 2nd Baronet of Strachur and Glensluain, Baron Strachur, and 16th Hereditary Keeper and Captain of Dunconnel in the Isles of The Sea
 * Lorne Gillean Ian Mclaine of Lochbuie Baron of Moy
 * Malcolm Fraser Maclean of Kingairloch Baron of Kingairloch
 * Kenneth Lee MacLean Baron of Denboig
 * David Ian Mclean Baron of Preston

Maclean Life Peers

 * Charles Maclean, Baron Maclean
 * David Maclean, Baron Blencathra

Fictional characters

 * Chris McLean, host of the Total Drama series
 * Lord Maclean, a character in "The Revenge of Hamish", a poem by Sydney Lanier
 * Tristan McLean, the mortal father of Piper McLean created by Rick Riordan.
 * Will McLean, narrator in the 1980 novel The Lords of Discipline by Pat Conroy
 * Piper McLean, a character in Rick Riordan's The Heroes of Olympus series. She is a demigod daughter of Aphrodite and Tristan McLean.
 * Lucy MacLean, a protagonist of the Fallout TV series, where she portays a vault dweller in search of her father Hank MacLean.
 * Hank MacLean, a character in the Fallout TV Series, Lucy MacLean's father and the Overseer of Vault 33.

title: McLean


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Brian Griese

Brian David Griese (born March 18, 1975) is an American professional football coach and former player who is the quarterbacks coach for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). A former quarterback in the NFL, he played college football for the Michigan Wolverines and was selected by the Denver Broncos in the third round of the 1998 NFL draft.

Griese played three seasons at the University of Michigan, leading the Wolverines to win the 1997 national championship (as recognized by the Associated Press). After being selected in the third round by the Denver Broncos in the 1998 NFL draft, he earned a Super Bowl ring with the Broncos in his rookie season, as a backup to John Elway in Super Bowl XXXIII. Elway retired after the Super Bowl and Griese became the starting quarterback for the Broncos during the 1999 season. Griese was a Pro Bowl selection with the Broncos in 2000. After leaving the Broncos he started at quarterback for the Miami Dolphins (5 games in 2003), Chicago Bears (13 games in 2006 and 2007) and Tampa Bay Buccaneers (21 games in 2004, 2005, 2008). He is the son of Hall of Fame quarterback Bob Griese. Griese is a former color commentator for Monday Night Football on ESPN.

Early life
Griese was born in Miami, Florida and attended Christopher Columbus High School in Miami, playing football, basketball and golf. Brian is the son of former NFL Quarterback Bob Griese, who spent his entire career with the Miami Dolphins.

College career
Griese played college football at the University of Michigan from 1993 to 1997. Michigan did not offer him a scholarship, so he walked on to the football team. He turned down scholarship offers from Purdue (his father's alma mater) and Kentucky. After he was redshirted in 1993 and limited to placeholding duties in 1994, Griese took over as the starting quarterback after Scott Dreisbach was injured five games into the 1995 season. Griese started for the remainder of the 1995 season, capped by an upset of #2 ranked Ohio State, 31–23.

At the beginning of the 1996 season, Dreisbach regained his starting job and Griese returned to the bench, serving as the team's pooch punter. However, after Dreisbach struggled, Griese replaced him at halftime against Ohio State, where he led the Wolverines to another upset victory over the Buckeyes, 13–9. Griese finished the season starting in a 17–14 loss to Alabama in the Outback Bowl.

In 1997, Griese remained the starter. Along with Heisman Trophy winner Charles Woodson, he led the Wolverines to an undefeated season and a share of the national championship. Griese was selected as the MVP of the 1998 Rose Bowl, passing for 251 yards and three touchdowns in Michigan's win over Washington State.

In his Michigan career, Griese had a 17–5 record as a starter. The Wolverines won all three games against Ohio State in which he quarterbacked. He was inducted into the Rose Bowl Hall of Fame on December 30, 2012.

Denver Broncos
The Denver Broncos selected Griese in the third round of the 1998 NFL draft. He began his career as a third-string back up to Bubby Brister and John Elway. He became a Super Bowl champion in 1998, though he spent most of the season on the sidelines. Following Elway's retirement in 1999, Griese became the Broncos' starting quarterback. Griese earned a 75.6 passer rating during his first season as starter, but improved the next year, raising it to 102.9. His efforts merited him an invite to the 2001 Pro Bowl.

Griese consistently completed a high percentage of his passes. He has had four seasons with a better than 64% completion rate, including one year (2004) when he completed 69.3% of his passes. Nevertheless, he was unable to establish himself as one of the elite quarterbacks of the league, due to injuries and a penchant for interceptions. He was released by the Broncos, following the 2002 season, and was replaced by former Cardinals starter Jake Plummer.

Miami Dolphins
In June 2003 he signed with the Miami Dolphins. His stint with the Dolphins, where his father Bob Griese played his entire 14-year career, was brief, being released in February 2004. Griese was given the starting job when the Dolphins starting quarterback Jay Fiedler got injured. Griese had an excellent start as a Dolphin, passing for 3 touchdowns and 0 interceptions in a blowout victory against San Diego.

First stint with the Buccaneers
Griese signed with and performed well for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and provided a catalyst for the jumpstart of the Tampa offense. Griese helped them to their only victories in 2004 with a 97.5 QB rating and to a 5–1 record in 2005 before succumbing to a torn ACL. Griese was cut by the Buccaneers in 2006 after the injury to his knee in order to free up money for the salary cap.

Chicago Bears
On March 21, 2006, he signed a five-year contract with the Chicago Bears.

After signing with the Bears, Griese saw limited action. Though he fared better than Rex Grossman during the 2006 preseason, coach Lovie Smith decided to keep Griese as the Bears’ second-string quarterback. He took late fourth quarter snaps at the end of major victories. Though Grossman started every Bears game in the 2006 season, Smith allowed Griese some extended gametime during week fifteen, after the Bears had clinched home-field advantage throughout the playoffs. In a game against the Detroit Lions, Griese completed six of nine passes for 51 yards, which set up several game-winning Robbie Gould field goals. Smith called on Griese to relieve a struggling Grossman for the second half of the final regular season game against the Green Bay Packers. However, Griese did not fare a lot better, completing 5 of 15 passes for 124 yards, one touchdown and two interceptions. While some Chicagoans questioned Grossman's ability to lead the Bears to the Super Bowl, Smith stood by Grossman, and declared him the team's starter throughout the playoffs. The Bears went on to win the 2006 NFC Championship, but lost Super Bowl XLI to the Indianapolis Colts.

After Grossman struggled during the first three outings of the 2007 Chicago Bears season, Smith turned to Griese to lead the team. In his first outing as a Bears starter, Griese threw two touchdowns and three interceptions in a losing effort against the Detroit Lions. The next week, he led the Bears on a game-winning drive against the Philadelphia Eagles, in which he called the plays due to a headset failure. Griese lost the starting job to Grossman after sustaining an injury against the Oakland Raiders during week ten. Griese again replaced Grossman later in the season, after Grossman sustained a knee injury against the Washington Redskins. However, with the Bears out of the playoffs, Kyle Orton started the remaining 3 games of the season.

Second stint with Buccaneers
On March 3, 2008, Griese was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in exchange for a sixth round pick in the 2009 draft. He started the second game of the season, a home game against the Atlanta Falcons, which the Buccaneers won 24–9. Griese completed 18 of 31 passes, throwing for 160 yards with one touchdown. The next week, Griese played his old team, the Chicago Bears, and despite throwing 3 interceptions, he threw for 407 yards and 2 touchdowns to help the Buccaneers beat the Chicago Bears 27–24 in overtime. He also started the following week, and again despite throwing 3 interceptions, he completed 15 of 30 passes for 149 yards, 1 touchdown, and lead the Bucs to a victory over the Green Bay Packers 30–21. Griese started against the Atlanta Falcons again on December 14, 2008, subbing for Jeff Garcia who was sidelined with a calf injury. He completed 26 of 37 passes for 269 yards and threw 1 touchdown. But Griese also threw an interception and was sacked four times. The Bucs ended up losing the game in overtime 13–10. His career starting for Tampa Bay was 8–2. He was released on July 13, 2009. After his release, Griese decided to retire from football.

Broadcasting career
From 2009 to 2020, Griese was employed by ESPN, working as an analyst on the network's college football coverage. Griese also served as radio color commentator for 850 KOA (AM)'s coverage of Denver Broncos' football for the 2010 and 2011 seasons.

From 2020 to 2022, Griese joined the booth for Monday Night Football, working alongside Steve Levy and Louis Riddick.

San Francisco 49ers
On March 4, 2022, it was announced Griese was leaving Monday Night Football to become the quarterbacks coach for the San Francisco 49ers, replacing Rich Scangarello, who left to become the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at Kentucky. He played quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers from 2004 to 2005 when 49ers head coach Kyle Shanahan was an offensive quality control coach, while also being drafted by Shanahan's father Mike Shanahan while head coach of the Denver Broncos.

Personal life
Griese was a member of the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity and received his bachelor's degree in an individualized concentration from Michigan in 1997.

Griese is founder and board president of Judi's House, a children's grief support center in Denver, Colorado. Brian's mother, Judi Griese, succumbed to breast cancer when Brian was 12. The grieving process was hard for Brian, and so he established Judi's House to serve grieving children in the Denver area.

He also helped establish what would become the Griese, Hutchinson and Woodson Champions for Children's Hearts golf weekend in May 2007. The event benefited the capital campaign for construction of the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital as well as the Michigan Congenital Heart Center (MCHC) which resides within Mott. He also remains involved with the From the Heart Organization, a relationship that dates back to his playing days in Ann Arbor when he would visit Mott every week.

For his work with Judi's House, Griese was awarded the 2011 Patterson Award for Excellence in Sports Philanthropy, presented each year by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, which celebrates and promotes the selfless service of people within the world of sports. He was named the recipient of the Big Ten's Dungy-Thompson Humanitarian Award in 2014, and the Big Ten's Ford-Kinnick Leadership Award in 2015, becoming the first individual to be recognized with both of the conference's annual awards. These awards recognize Big Ten football players that have achieved success in the areas of leadership and humanitarianism after their college careers have ended.

Brian and his father, Bob Griese, became the first father-and-son duo in NFL history to both win a Super Bowl. Brian and his father wrote a book together, Undefeated (ISBN 0-7852-7021-3), published in 2000 about their lives through their undefeated seasons and living through the breast cancer illness and death of Brian's mother and Bob's first wife, Judi.

Griese married Brook McClintic, a clinical psychologist, in the spring of 2004 on the island of St. John in the U.S. Virgin Islands. The couple met while Griese was playing for the Denver Broncos. Brian and Brook have a daughter, Annalia Rose, and a son, Nathan.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Brian Griese


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The Naked Truth (Golden Earring album)

The Naked Truth is the fourth live album by Dutch hard rock band Golden Earring, released in 1992. All songs were performed with acoustic instruments. The album has been released over the decade with additional tracks under the titles The Complete Naked Truth and Fully Naked.

Track listing
All songs written by Hay and Kooymans except where noted.

 * 1) "Introduction" (Gerritsen, Hay, Kooymans, Zuiderwijk)
 * 2) "Jangalene" (Kooymans)
 * 3) "Another 45 Miles" (Kooymans)
 * 4) "Mad Love's Comin'"
 * 5) "Why Do I?"
 * 6) "I Can't Sleep Without You"
 * 7) "Weekend Love" (Gerritsen, Hay, Kooymans, Zuiderwijk)
 * 8) "Vanilla Queen"
 * 9) "Twilight Zone" (Kooymans)
 * 10) "One Shot Away from Paradise" (Gerritsen)
 * 11) "Long Blond Animal"
 * 12) "Pouring My Heart Out Again"
 * 13) "Radar Love"
 * 14) "Eight Miles High" (Gene Clark, David Crosby, Roger McGuinn)
 * 15) "The Naked Truth" (Hay, Kooymans, E.H. Roelfzema)

The Complete Naked Truth
A 1998 edition of the album titled The Complete Naked Truth was sold as a two disc collection. Besides the above tracks, the collection included an additional seven tracks billed as previously unreleased.

 * 1) "Back Home" (Kooymans, Hay)
 * 2) "Just a Little Bit of Peace in My Heart" (Kooymans)
 * 3) "Going to the Run" (Kooymans, Hay)
 * 4) "Jangalene" (Alternate) (Kooymans)
 * 5) "Don't Stop the Show" (Kooymans)
 * 6) "When the Lady Smiles" (Kooymans, Hay)
 * 7) "Radar Love" (Edit) (Kooymans, Hay)

Fully Naked
A three disc collection titled Fully Naked was released in 2001 as a box set. Besides including the two discs above, the set included a third disc again touted as previously unreleased.

 * 1) "In a Bad Mood"
 * 2) "As Long As the Wind Blows"
 * 3) "Please Go/Sound of the Screaming Day"
 * 4) "Murdock 9 6182"
 * 5) "Yellow and Blue"
 * 6) "Devil Made Me Do It"
 * 7) "Madame Zou Zou"

Personnel

 * Rinus Gerritsen - acoustic guitar, upright bass
 * Barry Hay - flute, rhythm guitar, vocals
 * George Kooymans - guitar, vocals
 * Cesar Zuiderwijk - drums, percussion

Production

 * Producers: Golden Earring, John Sonneveld
 * Engineer: John Sonneveld
 * Design: Henk Schiffmacher
 * Photography: Reinoud Klazes, Patricia Steur

title: The Naked Truth (Golden Earring album)


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Talk:The Naked Truth (Golden Earring album)

Moved this article
Hey all, I moved this article from The Naked Truth to The Naked Truth (Golden Earring album). I found about six other articles with the title The Naked Truth, and created a disambiguation page at the original spot. As this page held the original spot, I made this the first page on the list. As well, I went back and corrected any Golden Earring pages which originally linked to the other page. They now link to the new page. --Ataricodfish 09:39, 4 March 2006 (UTC)


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Ōtaki, New Zealand

Ōtaki is a town in the Kāpiti Coast District of the North Island of New Zealand, situated halfway between the capital city Wellington, 70 km to the southwest, and Palmerston North, 70 km to the northeast.

Ōtaki is located on New Zealand State Highway 1 and the North Island Main Trunk railway between Wellington and Auckland and marks the northernmost point of the Wellington Region.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of sticking a staff into the ground" for Ōtaki.

History
Since the early 19th century, the area has been home to Māori of the Ngāti Raukawa iwi who had migrated from the Kawhia area from about 1819, under the leadership of Te Rauparaha. They had supplanted the Rangitāne and Muaūpoko people.

At the request of Te Rauparaha, missionaries Henry Williams and Octavius Hadfield visited the area in December and Hadfield opened the first mission in the Wellington Region at Ōtaki. At the nearby Raukawa marae is the Rangiātea Church, the original of which was completed in 1851. Burnt down in 1995, it was completely rebuilt by 2003. The Reverend James McWilliam was Clergyman in charge of the Maori Mission in Ōtaki under the Church Missionary Society of England from 1868 to 1906 with the support of his wife, Emily McWilliam.

Marae
The community has three marae, affiliated with the iwi of Ngāti Raukawa ki te Tonga and its hapū.

Te Pou o Tainui Marae and Kapumanawawhiti meeting house are affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Kapumanawawhiti.

In October 2020, the Government committed $159,203 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade the marae, and create 12 jobs.

Raukawa Marae and meeting house are affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Korokī, Ngāti Maiotaki and Ngāti Pare. In October 2020, the Government committed $337,112 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade the marae, and create 12 jobs.

Pukekaraka Marae in Ōtaki was the site of a Catholic mission from 1842. It includes the Roma meeting house, built in 1904, and Hine Nui O Te Ao Katoa meeting house, built for tangi and larger gatherings in 1905. The marae has been used by both Ngāti Raukawa ki te Tonga and Muaūpoko. In October 2020, the Government committed $143,984 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade the site, creating an estimated 8 jobs.

Demographics
The statistical area of Ōtaki covers 8.46 km2, It had an estimated population of as of  with a population density of  people per km2.

Otaki had a population of 3,489 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 390 people (12.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 636 people (22.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 1,416 households, comprising 1,641 males and 1,848 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.89 males per female. The median age was 43.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 759 people (21.8%) aged under 15 years, 552 (15.8%) aged 15 to 29, 1,335 (38.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 843 (24.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 67.3% European/Pākehā, 41.4% Māori, 6.4% Pasifika, 5.9% Asian, and 1.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 12.8, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 50.4% had no religion, 35.5% were Christian, 2.9% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.1% were Muslim, 0.8% were Buddhist and 1.7% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 435 (15.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 570 (20.9%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $23,200, compared with $31,800 nationally. 219 people (8.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,029 (37.7%) people were employed full-time, 387 (14.2%) were part-time, and 126 (4.6%) were unemployed.

Geography
The town is situated at the northern end of the Kāpiti Coast, close to the banks of the Ōtaki River, 4 kilometres from its outflow into the Tasman Sea.

The surrounding district includes Te Horo and Manakau and the beach settlement at Waikawa Beach. The district is agricultural, with market gardens and lifestyle blocks. The economy of the town includes service industries for the rural community. Ōtaki has two local newspapers – Ōtaki Today and the Ōtaki Mail.

Features
Ōtaki is home to Te Wānanga o Raukawa a Tikanga Māori university. It also hosts the annual Māoriland Film Festival and Otaki Kite Festival. and is home of The Ōtaki-Māori Racing Club. established in 1886.

Ōtaki Forks is the western gateway to the Tararua Forest Park. It offers recreational activities ranging from short walks, swimming, rafting and kayaking to advanced tramps of 3 – 5 days duration, including the Southern Crossing that ends at Kaitoke 45 km northeast of Wellington.

Ōtaki Beach spans the stretch of coastline between the Ōtaki River and the Waitohu Stream, with a  residential community of both permanent and holiday homes. The beach is popular for surfing, swimming, recreational fishing, horse riding, walking and photography.

Sports
Otaki Golf Club established in 1901, is a links style 18 hole golf course located at the northern end of the historic Old Coach Road.

Other sports facilities include rugby, rugby league, netball, swimming, wakaama, water polo, football, squash, and tennis.

Community
The Māoriland Film Festival which began in 2014 is held annually in Otaki with a focus on indigenous film content.

The Otaki Museum is located at 49 Main Street in the former BNZ building and provides access to local history collections, oral histories, photographs and documents.

Infrastructure and services
Both State Highway 1 and the North Island Main Trunk railway passes through the town, connecting it with Paraparaumu and Wellington to the south and Levin, Palmerston North and ultimately Auckland in the north. The Peka Peka to Ōtaki section of the Kāpiti Expressway opened in December 2022, allowing State Highway 1 through traffic to bypass the town. Prior to the expressway opening, the highway through the town and especially the roundabout with Mill Road were a traffic bottleneck; at holiday periods, Wellington-bound traffic could queue for up to 4 km north of the roundabout.

Electra operates the electricity distribution network in Ōtaki. The town is normally supplied from Transpower's national grid at its Paraparaumu substation, but can be switched to be supplied from the Mangahao substation near Shannon.

The town's fresh water supply is drawn from three groundwater bores.

Early Learning Schools
Ōtaki Montessori School is a co-educational pre-school for children from ages 2–6.

Ōtaki Early Learning Centre is a co-educational pre-school for children of age 2 and above.

Otaki Kindergarten is a co-educational pre-school for children of age 2 and above.

Primary schools
Ōtaki School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 6 students. with a roll of as of.

Waitohu School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 6 students with a roll of 269 as of March 2023

St Peter Chanel School is a co-educational state-integrated Christian primary school for Year 1 to 8 students. with a roll of.

Kura Kaupapa
Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Te Rito is a co-educational state Kura Kaupapa Māori school for Year 1 to 13 students, with a roll of as of.

Te Kura-a-iwi o Whakatupuranga Rua Mano is a co-educational state Māori language immersion school for Year 1 to 13 students, with a roll of.

Secondary school
Otaki College is a co-educational state secondary school for Year 7 to 13 students, with a roll of  as of.

Notable people

 * Vincent Bevan, New Zealand and Wellington rugby-union player.
 * Iain Hewitson, Australian TV chef.
 * Carla Van Zon, artistic director.
 * Renée (1929–2023), writer
 * Sir William Walkley, oil-company executive.
 * Inia Te Wiata
 * Shay Evans, (aka Felicity Frockaccino) Drag Entertainer & TV personality.

title: Ōtaki, New Zealand


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Keith Brooking

Keith Howard Brooking (born October 30, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the first round of the 1998 NFL draft. Brooking was a five-time Pro Bowl selection with the Falcons. He also played for the Dallas Cowboys and Denver Broncos.

Early life
Brooking graduated from East Coweta High School in Sharpsburg, Georgia in 1994. He played both offense and defense as #35, was a member of the Key Club and was also voted Mr. ECHS. He was recruited to play college football by the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets.

College career
He started 34 straight games to end his college career as he led the team in tackles during his final three seasons at Georgia Tech and became the leading tackler in Georgia Tech history (467). He had two of the best tackle seasons in school history with 147 and 146, respectively, as a junior and sophomore.

Brooking had 131 tackles, two sacks, two interceptions, three passes defensed, one fumble recovery and one blocked field goal to lead Tech to a Bowl game as a senior. Voted a permanent team captain by his teammates and a finalist for the Dick Butkus Award. He was the top tackler in the ACC in 1995 after averaging 13.3 stops a game and ranked second in the conference in 1996 with 13.4 tackles a game. Brooking finished his collegiate career with 15 tackles and one interception to help the Yellow Jackets defeat West Virginia in the 1997 Carquest Bowl. He is remembered one of the greatest players to ever play at Georgia Tech.

Atlanta Falcons
After being the 12th overall selection in the first round by the Falcons in the 1998 NFL draft, Brooking quickly became the foundation of their defense. In his rookie season, he played in 15 games and posted 32 tackles, 1 interception, 2 forced fumbles, and 5 passes defensed as he served as the team nickel linebacker in passing situations throughout the season. He recorded 8 tackles in the NFC Championship game vs Minnesota Vikings, when the Falcons reached the Super Bowl XXXIII, but Atlanta fell to the Broncos 34-19. After that season, in 1999, he started 13 games, finished with 95 tackles (4th in the team), and he added 2 sacks and 2 passes defended. His first career start was against the Vikings, recording 8 tackles, and his first career sack was against Baltimore, sacking Stoney Case.

During the 2000 season, Brooking was placed in the Injury Reserve after suffering a sprained foot in a game vs Philadelphia. He finished with 39 tackles, 1 sack and 1 forced fumble. In 2001, he started all the games and did not miss a play on defense in 957 total snaps as he made the transition to middle linebacker, registered 15 tackles and a sack in his first game as a Middle linebacker. He led the Falcons with 167 tackles and registered 2 interceptions, 2 forced fumbles, 2 fumble recoveries, 9 passes defended and 3.5 sacks. He was named Defensive Player of the Week for the first time in his career at New Orleans (October 21) after recording 12 tackles, one sack and two passes defensed, also he had a key interception vs. Dallas Cowboys to seal a 20–13 win with 0:16 remaining on Atlanta 30-yard line. This season he was named to the Pro Bowl, becoming the first Falcon Pro Bowler since 1998, when six falcons made the trip to Hawaii. In 2002, Brooking became the fifth Falcons player to total 200 tackles in a season, following Tommy Nobis (296 in 1966), Fulton Kuykendall (284 in 1978), Buddy Curry (229 in 1983) and Jessie Tuggle (201 in 1990, 207 in 1991).

He also established a new career-high with 22 tackles vs Green Bay Packers. The 22 tackles were the most by a Falcons player since Jessie Tuggle had 22 vs. New Orleans on September 29, 1991, was named NFC Defensive Player of the Week for his efforts vs. New Orleans Saints (September 17) when he collected 15 stops and one fumble recovery. He blocked his first career blocked field goal against the Vikings to Veteran kicker Gary Anderson. He earned second straight Pro Bowl after leading the team with a career-high 212 tackles, also added 2 interceptions, 2 fumble recoveries and 1 forced fumble. In 2003, was named to his third consecutive Pro Bowl after registering a team-high 207 total tackles and career-high 130 solo stops in 16 starts and posting two fumble recoveries. During the season, Brooking posted a season high 18 tackles at New Orleans, the second highest total since he recorded 22 stops at Green Bay ( August 9, 2002 ). He registered 17 tackles apiece vs. New York Giants, at Tampa Bay and vs. Jacksonville. In 2004, recorded a team-high 10 tackles along with one forced fumble at Carolina in a defensive effort that limited the Panthers to 10 points, registered 10 tackles and one interception vs. San Diego Chargers, helped limit LaDainian Tomlinson to 64 yards on 23 carries worth a 2.8 avg, recorded 9 tackles and his first sack since the 2001 season vs. Tampa Bay, he registered two forced fumbles, one sack and a season-high with 12 tackles against Carolina. This season, Falcons reached the NFC championship game but were defeated by Philadelphia Eagles 10-27. Although, Brooking was named with Pro Bowl honors for the fourth straight year after totaling a team-high 144 tackles. He finished  with 2.5 sacks, two forced fumbles, one fumble recovery and three interceptions as he led the team in tackles 10 times.

In 2005 finished the season with a team-high 150 tackles in addition to establishing career-highs in interceptions (4) and passes defensed (10), also recorded one fumble recovery and tied a career-high with 3.5 sacks. He started his first game of the season at middle linebacker in place of an injured Ed Hartwell (Achilles) at New Orleans and led the linebacker corps with eight tackles in addition to posting his second interception of the season, he recorded 12 tackles and his first sack of the season vs Seattle. Brooking established a career-high with his fourth interception of the season at Tampa Bay in addition to tallying a team-high 12 tackles. He posted 8 tackles, 1 sack and 1 interception vs. Minnesota in his 100th career game, he became the first Falcons player to record a sack and interception in the same game since 2000 vs St. Louis Rams, also tallied one sack, one pass defensed and a team-high 10 tackles vs. Carolina in the season finale. He tied a team record when he was named to his fifth consecutive Pro Bowl appearance.

In 2006, Brooking led the team with 165 tackles for the sixth year in a row, he added 2.5 sacks, one fumble recovery and one pass defensed. He led the team in tackles with 12 vs. Tampa Bay in addition to assisting a defense that did not allow a touchdown for the second consecutive game, collected a team-high 13 tackles at Detroit Lions in addition to his first sack of the season, tallied his fourth straight double-digit tackle game with 15 at Baltimore Ravens. Again vs Tampa Bay, he led the team in tackles with a season-high 18, also posted 9 tackles and one sack (9 yards) vs. New Orleans Saints. In 2007, finished with 127 tackles ( 82 solo ), 2 sacks for a loss of 13 yards, one fumble recovery and 4 passes defensed in 16 starts. He posted a team-high 11 tackles and one pass defensed at Jacksonville, also he led the team with 10 tackles, including 9 solo tackles at New Orleans and logged six tackles and one sack (8 yards) vs. San Francisco 49ers. Notched a team-high 10 tackles in the Thursday night game vs. Indianapolis Colts, in addition to recording one sack (5 yards). He had a season-high 15 tackles vs the Buccaneers for a defense that allowed a season-low 109 passing yards. Brooking became a free agent on February 27, 2009.

Dallas Cowboys
Brooking signed a three-year, $6 million contract ($2.5 million guaranteed) with the Dallas Cowboys on February 28, 2009, after he and the Falcons did not reach an agreement. In 2009, he started at inside linebacker beside Bradie James, posting 156 tackles (second on the team) and 3 sacks (fourth on the team). In 2010, he registered 151 tackles (second on the team), 2 tackles for loss, one sack, 6 quarterback pressures, one interception and 9 passes defensed. In 2011, with the emergence of Sean Lee, he split snaps with James at the other inside linebacker spot and finished with 50 tackles. At the end of the season, the club decided not to re-sign him.

Brooking's pregame on-field speeches are credited for motivating the team to reach the playoffs and contend for an NFC East championship in his first season with the team. An article was written in The Dallas Morning News about Brooking's motivational speeches. The article featured this speech from an earlier game: Before the Washington game, as players gather around, Brooking screams, "We're gonna keep hitting 'em, we're gonna keep hitting 'em!" Players shout, "Yeah!" after both lines.

Brooking, wide-eyed and picking up speed, says, "They might get back up. Then we're gonna hit 'em again! And when they're barely hanging on ..."

At this point Choice cuts in, "What're we gonna do?"

Brooking concludes: "We're gonna hit 'em in the mouth! We're gonna bloody their nose! We're gonna knock 'em to the ground!"

Denver Broncos
On August 6, 2012, Brooking signed a one-year contract with the Denver Broncos. At 37 years of age, he was not re-signed at the end of the season.

Personal life
In 2003, Brooking founded The Keith Brooking Children's Foundation. He was inspired by his mother, who was a foster parent while he was growing up, to create the foundation to serve the needs of foster children in metro Atlanta. There are four programs within the foundation, including the Locker 56 Shoe Program; Be a Leader, Become a Reader; the Keith Brooking Scholarship Program; and the Keith Brooking Children’s Foundation Grant Program. He was named Falcons 2002 “Man of the Year” for his extensive community involvement. He spent much of his off seasons as a player raising awareness of his foundation, visiting local schools, businesses and organizations that serve and support children. The foundation programs and services are supported by financial contributions from corporate sponsors and loyal donors, in addition, funds are raised through two yearly events as well as through grants that are awarded to the foundation by other organizations. By his actions, he was named a nominee to the Home Depot NFL Neighborhood MVP.

Brooking was named to the Georgia Tech Athletic Hall of Fame in 2007. He was inducted into the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame, in Macon, Georgia, as a member of the 2017 class.

He and his wife, Holly, have two sons, Logan and Jonah, and daughters Ella and Willa.

title: Keith Brooking


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Chris Chandler (American football)

Christopher Mark Chandler (born October 12, 1965) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for 17 seasons. He played for seven different teams in eight different cities during his NFL career, and is known for leading the Atlanta Falcons to a 14–2 season in 1998 followed by an appearance in Super Bowl XXXIII.

Early life
Chandler was born on October 12, 1965, in Everett, Washington, the ninth of ten children. His mother died when he was 19, and his father died shortly after he made it to the NFL. In high school, he was active in basketball, football, track and golf. As a high school quarterback, Chandler threw for 2,000 yards and 49 touchdowns.

College career
In college, Chandler played at the University of Washington from 1984 to 1987. He finished third in the school's history in total offense with 4,442 yards and 32 touchdown passes, and ended his college career as the Offensive Player of the Game at the 1988 Senior Bowl. He graduated with an economics degree.

Professional career
Chandler played in the NFL for 17 seasons, from 1988 to 2004. He played for eight teams (seven franchises as he played for Los Angeles Rams in their original city and later when they relocated to St. Louis), a record shared with Ryan Fitzpatrick, Mark Royals, Karl Wilson, and Jeff Brady, although Chandler and Fitzpatrick are the only two to have started for eight different teams. He threw for 28,484 yards, and had a career passer rating of 79.1. He has thrown at least one touchdown pass for seven different franchises, an NFL record before it was broken by Fitzpatrick in 2019. At the time of his retirement, he was ranked 30th in all-time pass completions, with 2328.

Chandler was continually bothered by injuries which earned him the moniker of "Crystal Chandelier" amongst his detractors. He also had the misfortune of "always [being] the guy preceding the next great draft choice" which made his career somewhat of a journeyman's.

1988–1996
Chandler was taken in the third round of the 1988 NFL Draft by the Indianapolis Colts. The Colts deemed Chandler expendable due to his poor play, and the fact that they selected Jeff George with the first overall choice in the 1990 draft. Chandler was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 1990 for a 1st round draft choice that turned out to be the 2nd overall pick. The Colts also had the 1st pick the same year. The pick that they got for Chandler they used on Quentin Coryatt. Chandler was cut during the 1991 season. As a Buccaneer, he had an 0–6 record as a starter, threw for 5 touchdowns and 14 interceptions, and had a passer rating of 44.9.

From 1992 to 1994 he played reasonably well as a starter and backup for the Phoenix Cardinals and the Los Angeles Rams. After joining the Houston Oilers in 1995, he would earn the starting job. His highlight with the team came on September 24, 1995 at Cincinnati. In the Oilers' 38–28 victory Chandler threw for 352 yards and 4 touchdowns, and earned a perfect passer rating of 158.3 after completing 23 of 26 passes. However, late in 1996, Jeff Fisher decided that Steve McNair was ready to start, and Chandler was traded to the Atlanta Falcons for a fourth-round draft choice.

1997–2001
Chandler's best seasons were with Atlanta, when he was coached by Dan Reeves. The Falcon's financial constraints meant that they could not sign an expensive big-name quarterback from free agency. Chandler was a Pro Bowl quarterback in 1997 and 1998. Reeves said Chandler "makes decisions while backpedaling that other QBs can't make until they settle into the pocket" while other "Coaches say he can speed-read defenses and anticipate his receivers well". In 1998, Chandler's 9.65 yards-per-attempt figure was the highest single-season YPA of any quarterback in the 1990s with 300+ passing attempts, while he set career-bests in yardage and touchdowns and threw just 12 interceptions. The 1998 season saw Chandler lead the Falcons to a 14–2 record, winning their first playoff game in the Georgia Dome by overcoming the San Francisco 49ers and Steve Young 20–18 in the divisional round, and then capturing the NFC Championship conference title by upsetting the 15–1 Minnesota Vikings to make their inaugural appearance in the Super Bowl. In Super Bowl XXXIII, Chandler's Falcons lost to the defending champions Denver Broncos quarterbacked by John Elway and coached by Mike Shanahan. Although Chandler had a higher passing efficiency rating that season than future Hall-of-Famer Elway, Chandler put in a disappointing performance in the Super Bowl with 219 yards with one touchdown and three interceptions while being sacked three times.

Chandler signed a five-year, $27 million contract with the Falcons after the Super Bowl. Following the 2000 season, Chandler's record as a starting Atlanta quarterback was 28–25, which prompted the Falcons to consider recruiting a new quarterback. Atlanta held the fifth overall pick in the 2001 draft, and traded the pick to the San Diego Chargers, along with Tim Dwight, a third round pick in 2001, and a 2002 second round pick (which became Reche Caldwell). In return, Atlanta received the first overall pick in the 2001 draft, which they used to select quarterback Michael Vick. Still, Chandler started most of the 2001 season and finished with 2,847 passing yards, the second highest of his career. In 2002, he was replaced by Vick as the starting quarterback. Due to mediocre play, bloated salary, and being replaced by Vick, the Falcons opted to make Chandler eligible for selection by the Houston Texans in the 2002 Expansion Draft, with hopes of Chandler being picked up by the new team. Chandler left the Falcons ranked third in team history with 13,268 passing yards, but never achieved back-to-back winning seasons.

2002–2004
In 2002, Chandler was picked up by the Chicago Bears, and spent two seasons there before being released.

Chandler then agreed to a three-year $2.6 million contract to rejoin the Rams, who had moved to St. Louis, to serve as a backup and mentor to Marc Bulger, who had recently displaced Kurt Warner as the starting quarterback. In Chandler's first start as a Ram in 2004, he threw six interceptions, a team record. The following week, his poor play led to head coach Mike Martz saying, "It is tragic that, that position [when played by Chandler] holds this team hostage." As a result, Chandler was the first Ram to be released in the off-season, saving St. Louis $665,000 in cap space.

Personal life
Chandler lived in San Diego and was married to Diane Brodie, a former college tennis player at USC and daughter of former San Francisco 49ers quarterback John Brodie; they married in 1994. They have three daughters: Ryann, Skye, and Brynn. As Chandler's mother Shirley died of breast cancer in 1984, and his father Forrest succumbed to lung cancer in 1991, Chandler has looked upon John Brodie and Jerry Rhome (who served as Chandler's quarterback coach in Arizona and Houston) as surrogate fathers and mentors.

Chandler is a regular competitor at the American Century Championship, the annual competition to determine the best golfers among American sports and entertainment celebrities. He won the tournament in 2007 and has a total of eight top ten finishes. Chris Chandler fired a 5 under par round of 67 scoring a total of 31 points. The veteran QB set both single day and tournament records for points with his final round play. The tournament, televised by NBC in July, is played at Edgewood Tahoe Golf Course in Lake Tahoe. Chandler helped coach the boys' golf team at Torrey Pines High School, where his oldest daughter Ryann plays on the volleyball team.

title: Chris Chandler (American football)


text: User talk:131.162.145.171

title: User talk:131.162.145.171


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Selkirk (provincial electoral district)

Selkirk is a provincial electoral division in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It was created by redistribution in 1957 from part of St. Andrews, and has formally existed since the provincial election of 1958. It is named after the city of Selkirk, which in turn was named for Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, who set up the Red River Colony colonization project in 1811.

Division profile
Selkirk is bordered to the east by Lac Du Bonnet, to the south by Springfield, to the west by Gimli, and to the north by Lake Winnipeg. Most of the riding's population is located in the city of Selkirk. Other communities in the riding include Belair and Grand Marais, and there is a significant amount of agricultural land in the riding as well.

Demographics
The riding's population in 1996 was 19,409. In 1999, the average family income was $51,605, and the unemployment rate was 8.30%. Health and social services account for 16% of all industry in the riding.

Thirteen per cent of Selkirk's residents are aboriginal, while 8% are Ukrainian and 6% German.

Political history
The riding was safe for the New Democratic Party from 1969 to 2016, although the Liberal Party held the seat from 1988 to 1990. Former Premier of Manitoba Howard Pawley represented Selkirk from 1969 to 1988.

Current MLA Alan Lagimodiere, a Progressive Conservative, became the first member of his party to win the district when he won in 2016, defeating NDP MLA Greg Dewar. He did not seek reelection in the 2023 Manitoba general election.

title: Selkirk (provincial electoral district)


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Bruce Jacob

Bruce Robert Jacob (born March 26, 1935) is a former Assistant Attorney General for the State of Florida during the early 1960s. He represented Louie L. Wainwright, the Director of the Florida Division of Corrections, in the Supreme Court case of Gideon v. Wainwright, decided in March 1963, regarding the right to counsel of indigent defendants in non-capital felony cases in state courts. The attorney representing the Petitioner, Clarence Gideon, was Abe Fortas, a Washington, D.C. lawyer who later became a Justice of the Supreme Court. The previous 1942 Supreme Court case of Betts v. Brady required the appointment of counsel for an indigent defendant at state expense if there was a “special circumstance” present in the case which made it necessary for counsel to be provided for the defendant to receive a fair trial. For example, if the defendant was indigent and was extremely young, or lacked education or experience, was unfamiliar with court procedures, or if the charges against him were complex, the trial court was required under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to appoint counsel. Jacob argued against any extension of the defendant's right to counsel. The Court in Gideon overruled Betts and required state courts to appoint attorneys for defendants in all felony prosecutions.

Gideon had been convicted of breaking the Bay Harbor Poolroom, located in the small community of Bay Harbor, near Panama City, Florida. His conviction was set aside and the case was sent back to the trial court in Panama City for a new trial. At the second trial, he was represented by appointed attorney Fred Turner and Gideon was acquitted.

The decision in Gideon led to the establishment of many more public defender offices throughout the United States than had existed previously. Anthony Lewis wrote a book about the case, entitled "Gideon’s Trumpet", published in 1964. In 1980 it was made into a movie of the same name, starring Henry Fonda as Clarence Gideon.

Early life
Bruce Jacob was born in Chicago, Illinois, on March 26, 1935, and was raised in Hinsdale, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. He and his family moved to Sarasota, Florida, when he was 16 and he graduated from Sarasota High School in 1953. During his senior year, he played the violin in the Florida West Coast Symphony. Also, he participated in football, basketball, and track, and in track was the 1953 Florida high school state champion in the half-mile run.

College and legal education
For his first year of college, he attended Principia College, in Elsah, Illinois, and there he lettered in basketball and track. Beginning his second year he transferred to Florida State University, where he lettered in track. Also, he played in the Florida State Symphony orchestra and became a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity. He received a B.A. degree from Florida State in 1957. He studied law at Stetson University College of Law, St. Petersburg, Florida, and received the J.D. degree in 1959. At Stetson, during his senior year, he was the president of the student body.

Later, during his career as a lawyer, law professor, and dean, he received an LL.M (Criminal Law) degree from Northwestern University in 1965; the S.J.D. degree from Harvard Law School in 1980; and an LL.M (Taxation) from the University of Florida in 1995.

Legal career
Jacob began his legal career in the Florida Attorney General’s office, in Tallahassee, in 1960 and there he represented the state in 19 appeals before the Florida Supreme Court and District Courts of Appeal of Florida. In 1962 he joined the firm of Holland, Bevis, and Smith, in Bartow and Lakeland Florida as an associate. (That firm now is Holland and Knight, in various cities in the United States and other countries). From 1965 to 1969 Jacob was an Assistant and associate professor at the Emory University School of Law, in Atlanta, Georgia. As a graduate student at the Harvard Law School, from 1968 to 1971 he served as a research associate in the Center for Criminal Justice and as a staff attorney in the Community Legal Assistance Office, a Harvard legal services office in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Jacob subsequently was associate professor, then Professor, and Director of Clinical Programs at the Ohio State University College of Law in Columbus, Ohio from 1971 to 1978. From 1978 to 1981 he was Dean and Professor of Law of the Mercer University School of Law, in Macon, Georgia. From 1981 to 1994 he was Vice President of Stetson University and Dean and Professor at the Stetson College of Law. From 1994, when he stepped down as Dean, until he retired in 2018, he was a professor of law at Stetson. Jacob presently is Dean Emeritus and Professor Emeritus of the Stetson University College of Law.

In 2009 Jacob assisted in teaching a course on International Organizations in Lucerne and Geneva, Switzerland. In 2010 he was a panelist in American law at the Northwest University of Politics and Law, Xi’an, China; Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China; Dalian Maritime University, Dalian City, Manchuria, China; and Tsinghua University, Beijing. In 2011 he was an instructor in the Program on American Law, sponsored by the Northwest University of Politics and Law, in Xi’an, China.

Legal work for indigent defendants and prison inmates
To comply with the Gideon decision, in May 1963, the Florida Legislature enacted a law creating a statewide public defender system and included was a provision allowing lawyers in private firms to become unpaid Special Assistant Public Defenders. Jacob, who by then was in private practice in Bartow, Florida, volunteered and was appointed to represent defendants in criminal cases under this statute.

In 1966, as assistant professor at Emory Law School, he established the Legal Assistance for Inmates (L.A.I.) The program, providing free legal help to indigent prisoners at the United States Penitentiary in Atlanta. While acting as the director and supervisor of the students in that program he was appointed by the United States Supreme Court as counsel for the Petitioner in the case of Kaufman v. United States. The Supreme Court ruled with Jacob, who argued that his client had been subjected to an unreasonable search and seizure under the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution. A movie was made, in 1986, about Harold Kaufman following his release from prison. Its title is “A Deadly Business” and it starred Alan Arkin as Kaufman.

Jacob also represented inmates in appellate cases such as Rosa v United States, and in federal trial-level cases such as White v Blackwell and Lawrence v Blackwell challenging prison rules and practices on constitutional grounds. The Emory program and the National Defender Project entered into an experiment in which two jailhouse lawyers from the Atlanta Penitentiary who were knowledgeable about federal criminal law were released from confinement to assist in the work of the program. The National Defense Project, through Deputy Director John Cleary, obtained the release of the two jailhouse lawyers and provided the funding to pay their salaries. They worked with students at the law school. One of these men, Benjamin Rayborn, later served for over 30 years as a highly respected paralegal at the office of the Federal Defender in San Diego, California.

While a graduate student at the Harvard Law School Jacob was the co-founder of the Prison Legal Assistance Project (P.L.A.P.), for Massachusetts prison inmates. This project was patterned after the Emory L.A.I. Program. Also, he was a staff attorney, supervising students at the Community Legal Assistance Office (C.L.A.O.), a legal service office operated by the Harvard Law School.

From 1971 to 1978, at The Ohio State University College of Law, he developed clinical programs and taught two of them – the Criminal Defense Clinic and the Criminal Appeals and Post-Conviction Remedies clinic. In these clinics, students represented indigent defendants and inmates under the supervision of Jacob and supervising attorneys.

While Dean and Professor at Mercer Law School and Stetson College of Law until he retired from Stetson, Jacob continued to provide legal help to indigent defendants and prison inmates.

Honors and awards
In 2006 the members of an American Inn of Court in Tampa honored Professor Jacob by naming their Inn the "Bruce R. Jacob Criminal Appellate American Inn of Court." In 2016 the name became "Bruce R. Jacob - Chris W. Altenbernd Criminal Appellate Inn of Court." He was a member of The Constitution Project's "Blue Ribbon Panel" on indigent defense in the United States. In 2009 the panel issued its report, entitled "Justice Denied: America's Continuing Neglect of Our Constitutional Right to Counsel." In 2013 he was one of four persons presented with "Constitutional Champion" awards by the Constitution Project, in Washington, D.C. He received the 2013 "Champion of Indigent Defense Award" from the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. Also, in 2013 he received the Delano Stewart Award from the George Edgecomb Bar Association, Tampa, and the "Power 100 Award" from the organization, "On Being a Black Lawyer" of Washington, D.C. These two awards were for efforts in making the legal profession more diverse. In 2014 he received the “Wm. Reece Smith, Jr. Public Service Award” from Stetson and the “Gardner W. Beckett, Jr. Civil Liberties Award” from the Pinellas County, Florida chapter of the A.C.L.U. He received the 2018 “Law Faculty Professionalism Award” from The Florida Bar.

He was honored by the Stetson faculty when in 2009 Stetson began hiring entry-level Visiting Assistant Professors who are known as "Bruce R. Jacob Fellows." They spend two years at Stetson, developing courses, teaching, and writing in preparation for a career as a law professor. He gave the commencement speech address for the College of Law in May 2019, and received the honorary LL.D degree from Stetson University.

In 2014 the Illinois Public Defender Association created an award to be given to outstanding Illinois public defenders and named it the “Bruce Robert Jacob Award.” At a semi-annual meeting of the Association in October 2019 in Springfield, Illinois, Jacob was given this award.

Writings
Jacob has authored or co-othered 20 law review articles, book reviews, and a blog. Here are some of his writings:
 * “Memories of and ReflectionsAbout Gideon v Wainwright”, 33 Stetson Law Review 181 (2003).
 * “Judges at Nuremberg:Stetson’s Connection to the War Crime Trials,” 44 Stetson Law Review 695 (2015)
 * “The GideonTrials,” 99 Iowa Law Review 2059 (July 2014).
 * “Remembering a Great Dean: Harold L. ‘Tom’ Sebring,” 30 Stetson Law Review 71 (2000).
 * Co-author (with K.M. Sharma) of “Justice After Trial: Prisoners Need for Legal Services,” 18 Kansas Law Review 493 (1970).
 * “Prison Discipline and Inmate Rights,” 5 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 227 (1970)
 * Blog – “Thoughts on Seila Law v The Consumers Finance Protection Bureau: Limitations on the Power of the President,”Brucerjacob.wordpress.com.

Military service
In 1959 and 1960 Jacob spent six months on active duty in the U.S. Army at Ft. Jackson, South Carolina, for basic training, clerk-typist school, and work as a clerk typist and court reporter for special court-martial proceedings. He graduated and was commissioned a second lieutenant, infantry, from the officers' candidate school of the Florida National Guard, Camp Blanding, Florida in 1962. Subsequently, he transferred to the Judge Advocate General's Corps of the U.S. Army Reserve. In 1971 he resigned from the Army Reserve with the rank of captain.

Family
He is married to the former Ann Wear, of Lakeland, Florida and they have three children – Bruce Ledley Jacob, Lee Ann Gun, Brian Edward Jacob, and 10 grandchildren. Bruce and Ann live in South Pasadena, Florida. His email address is jacob@law.stetson.edu.

title: Bruce Jacob


text:
Talk:Driver (series)

Relation to movie "The Driver" 1978
¿Does anyone that played the series a bit, know if the game is taken from the movie of the same name? Would be relevant for the introduction paragraph. MXMLLN (talk) 04:28, 20 August 2011 (UTC)MXMLLN

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text:
Best Actress

Best Actress is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organisations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actresses in a film, television series, television film or play. The first Best Actress award was awarded for acting in a film, on May 16, 1929 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) at the Academy Awards to Janet Gaynor for her role of Diane in 7th Heaven, Angela in Street Angel and The Wife - Indre in Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans. In theatre, it was first awarded on April 6, 1947 by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at the Tony Awards to Ingrid Bergman for her role of Mary Grey / Joan of Arc in Joan of Lorraine and to Helen Hayes for her role of Addie in Happy Birthday. In television, it was first awarded on January 23, 1951 by Academy of Television Arts & Sciences at the Primetime Emmy Awards to Gertrude Berg for her role of Molly in The Goldbergs. In a film festival, presented as the Volpi Cup, it was first awarded between August 1–20, 1934 by the Venice Film Festival to Katharine Hepburn for her role of Josephine 'Jo' March in Little Women.

Film awards

 * AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
 * AACTA International Award for Best Actress
 * Academy Award for Best Actress
 * Annecy Italian Film Festival Best Actress Award
 * Ariel Award for Best Actress
 * Asian Film Award for Best Actress
 * Asianet Film Award for Best Actress
 * BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
 * Babisas Award for Best Actress
 * Bachsas Award for Best Actress
 * Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actress
 * Bavarian Film Awards (Best Acting)
 * Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award
 * BET Award for Best Actor & Actress
 * BIFA Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a British Independent Film
 * Black Reel Award for Best Actress
 * Bodil Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
 * Bollywood Movie Award – Best Actress
 * Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress
 * Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress
 * Cannes Film Festival Best Actress Award
 * César Award for Best Actress
 * Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * CineMAA Award for Best Actress
 * Citra Award for Best Actress
 * CJFB Performance Award for Best Actress
 * Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress
 * Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie
 * Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress in a Comedy
 * Crystal Simorgh for Best Actress
 * Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * David di Donatello for Best Actress
 * Edda Award for Best Actor or Actress
 * Empire Award for Best Actress
 * Empire Award for Best British Actress
 * European Film Award for Best Actress
 * FAMAS Award for Best Actress
 * Filmfare Award for Best Actress - Hindi
 * Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada
 * Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam
 * Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil
 * Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu
 * Florida Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
 * Genie Award for Best Performance by a Foreign Actress
 * GIFA Best Actress Award
 * GIFA Critics Best Actress Award
 * Golden Arena for Best Actress (Pula Film Festival)
 * Golden Calf for Best Actress (Netherlands Film Festival)
 * Golden Eagle Award for Best Actress (China)
 * Golden Eagle Award for Best Actress (Russia)
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical
 * Golden Goblet Award for Best Actress (Shanghai International Film Festival)
 * Golden Horse Award for Best Leading Actress
 * Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress
 * Goya Award for Best Actress
 * Goya Award for Best New Actress
 * Guldbagge Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
 * Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress
 * Hundred Flowers Award for Best Actress
 * IIFA Award for Best Actress
 * Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead
 * ITFA Best Actress Award
 * ITFA Best New Actress Award
 * Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role
 * Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress
 * London Film Critics' Circle Award for Actress of the Year
 * Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * Lumières Award for Best Actress
 * Lux Style Award for Best Film Actress
 * Meril Prothom Alo Award for Best Actress
 * Nandi Award for Best Actress
 * Nastro d'Argento for Best Actress
 * National Board of Review Award for Best Actress
 * National Film Award for Best Actress
 * National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress
 * NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture
 * New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
 * Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress
 * Polish Academy Award for Best Actress
 * Robert Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
 * San Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress
 * San Francisco Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
 * Santosham Best Actress Award
 * Sarasaviya Best Actress Award
 * Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture
 * Saturn Award for Best Actress
 * Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
 * Screen Award for Best Actress
 * Screen Award for Best Actress (Critics)
 * Screen Award for Best Actress (Popular Choice)
 * Shanghai Film Critics Award for Best Actress
 * SIIMA Award for Best Actress (Telugu)
 * Silver Bear for Best Actress (Berlin International Film Festival)
 * Silver Hugo Award for Best Actress (Chicago International Film Festival)
 * Silver Shell for Best Actress (San Sebastián International Film Festival)
 * St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * Stardust Award for Best Actress
 * Stardust Award for Best Actress in a Comedy or Romance
 * Stardust Award for Best Actress in a Drama
 * Stardust Award for Best Actress in a Thriller or Action
 * Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress
 * Tokyo International Film Festival Best Actress Award
 * Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
 * Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress in a Canadian Film
 * Vietnam Film Festival Best Actress Award
 * Vijay Award for Best Actress
 * Volpi Cup (Venice Film Festival)
 * Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
 * Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Female
 * Zee Cine Critics Award for Best Actor – Female

Television awards

 * AACTA Award for Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama
 * Golden Bell Award for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film
 * Golden Bell Award for Best Actress
 * Black Reel Award for Best Actress: T.V. Movie/Cable
 * British Academy Television Award for Best Actress
 * British Soap Award for Best Actress
 * Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series
 * Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role
 * Golden Calf for Best Acting in a Television Drama (Pula Film Festival)
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy
 * Hum Award for Best Actress
 * Hum Award for Best Actress Popular
 * Lux Style Award for Best TV Actress
 * NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama Series
 * NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series
 * NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special
 * Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series
 * Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series
 * Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie
 * Satellite Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
 * Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama
 * Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy
 * Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television
 * Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
 * Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
 * Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie
 * Sun Kudumbam Best Actress Award
 * TVB Anniversary Award for Best Actress

Theatre awards

 * Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress
 * Helpmann Award for Best Female Actor in a Musical
 * Helpmann Award for Best Female Actor in a Play
 * Helpmann Award for Best Female Performer in an Opera
 * Laurence Olivier Award for Actress of the Year in a New Play
 * Laurence Olivier Award for Actress of the Year in a Revival
 * Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress
 * Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical
 * Molière Award for Best Actress
 * NAACP Theatre Award for Best Lead Female – Equity
 * NAACP Theatre Award for Best Lead Female – Local
 * Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play
 * Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical

title: Best Actress


text:
Status Anxiety

Status Anxiety is a nonfiction book by Alain de Botton. It was first published in 2004 by Hamish Hamilton; subsequent publications have been by Penguin Books.

Central thesis
According to De Botton, "status anxiety" is a 21st-century phenomenon which is a result of capitalism, democracy, and an ostensibly egalitarian society, and is prevalent in countries where an inequality in income is evident. Status anxiety can be defined as the constant tension or fear of being perceived as "unsuccessful" by the society in materialistic terms. Today, every individual constantly tries to outsmart the others to climb up the social ladder. The effects of status anxiety can be impulse buying, status consumption etc. Meritocracy is a primary cause of status anxiety. Meritocracy is a society that believes that only the talented and the meritorious will end up at the top of the social ladder. Snobbery, envy, lovelessness are some other causes of status anxiety.

De Botton first noticed this phenomenon among the wealthy families of America. The Americans had a lavish lifestyle and most of it was just to make the "neighbours" envious. America had also witnessed the trend of "Famous for being famous". Botton even met the American motivational speaker Les Brown to know how motivational speaking works. He concluded that motivational speakers conducted their speeches to induce status anxiety among individuals. Motivational speaking is based on the fact that "No one is living up to their true potential and everyone has scope for improvement". De Botton challenged this and asked "What about those who want to achieve but lack the opportunities to do so?"

De Botton lays out the causes of and solutions to status anxiety as follows:

Causes:
 * Lovelessness
 * Expectation
 * Meritocracy
 * Snobbery
 * Dependence

Solutions:
 * Philosophy
 * Art
 * Politics
 * Religion
 * Bohemianism

Film
A two-hour documentary film about this thesis, also called Status Anxiety and written by Alain de Botton, was released in 2004. A version of it was shown in 2008 on Public Broadcasting Service channels like Boston WGBH-TV's digital channel WGBX-TV in the United States.

title: Status Anxiety


text:
Chickasaw language

The Chickasaw language (Chikashshanompaꞌ, ) is a Native American language of the Muskogean family. It is agglutinative and follows the word order pattern of subject–object–verb (SOV). The language is closely related to, though perhaps not entirely mutually intelligible with, Choctaw. It is spoken by the Chickasaw tribe, now residing in Southeast Oklahoma, centered on Ada.

The language is currently spoken by around 50 people, mostly Chickasaw elders who grew up with the language. Due to boarding schools in the 20th century and Chickasaw removal from their homeland in the 19th century, the widespread knowledge about the language and culture amongst the nation has largely decreased. This being said, there are increasingly more accessible resources for teaching, learning, and preserving this and many other Native American languages, as of the year 2021. There is indeed growing interest in learning, teaching, and preserving this endangered language. The Chickasaw Nation has online resources for teaching this language that are of great utility.

Classification
Chickasaw, Choctaw and Houma form the Western branch of the Muskogean language family. The Chickasaw and Choctaw were once one tribe who similarly spoke the Muskogean languages. The Chickasaw language was widely spoken until 1970 but has since become an endangered language. Chickasaw is also related to Alabama, Koasati, Mvskoke (Creek)-Seminole, Hitchiti and Mikasuki.

History
Sometime prior to the first European contact, the Chickasaw migrated from western regions and moved east of the Mississippi River, where they settled mostly in present-day northeast Mississippi. Chickasaw towns and villages were structured to be densely populated as a wartime measure but encompassed larger areas when there was no conflict with enemies. A main house and main meeting ground were used to gather groups from the Chickasaw community for ceremonies, celebratory affairs, and to discuss important social, cultural, and political matters. There was a division and specialization in labor done by men who prepared the community for war, hunted for food, and made provisions for the defense of their communities while Chickasaw women were matriarchal leaders of their households who cared for crops, children, and estate matters. They would eventually come into contact with Europeans as time passed on and European exploration of their lands took shape. That is where they encountered European explorers and traders, having relationships with French, English and Spanish during the colonial years. The United States considered the Chickasaw one of the Five Civilized Tribes, as they adopted numerous practices of European Americans. Resisting European-American settlers encroaching on their territory, they were forced by the US to sell their country in 1832 and move to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) during the era of Indian Removal in the 1830s.

Current status

Emily Johnson Dickerson, the last monolingual speaker of Chickasaw, died on December 30, 2013. Ethnologue estimated in its seventeenth edition that Chickasaw retained up to 600 speakers, but noted that this figure was rapidly declining because most speakers are 50 and older. Children are no longer acquiring the language, indicating Chickasaw has a notably low vitality. As of 2014, there were "four to five confident conversational speakers who are under the age of 35." The Chickasaw language is not much used outside of the home. In terms of conservation and language vitality, Ethnologue evaluates the current language situation as moribund, and UNESCO lists Chickasaw as a "severely endangered" language, also noting that most of the ~50 speakers (as of 2019) are over fifty and almost all are bilingual in English.

Language revitalization
The Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program, founded in 2007, uses both Munro-Willmond and Humes alphabets. Because Chickasaw is a spoken language, "there is no 'right' or 'wrong' way to spell Chickasaw." Chickasaw is taught through a master-apprentice program, community programs, and self-study programs.

A "Chickasaw Language Basic" app is available for iPhone, iPad, and other iOS devices.

In a collaboration with Apple, Inc., the Chickasaw language keyboard layout is available in iOS 16.4, iPadOS 16.4 and macOS Ventura 13.3 and later to help users type with "special characters for pitch accent, nasal vowels and the glottal stop character."

Classes and programs
The Chickasaw Nation has a department of Chickasaw Language with a 24-member Chickasaw Language Committee. In 2007, the tribe founded the Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program. Four levels of Chickasaw language classes are taught at East Central University in Ada, Oklahoma. Joshua D. Hinson (called "Lokosh," meaning gourd, in the language), director of the Chickasaw Language Committee developed master-apprenticeship programs with guidance from linguist Leanne Hinton.

Chipota Chikashshanompoli is a children's language program that meets monthly. Ada, Ardmore, Norman, Purcell, Sulphur, and Tishomingo all host non-academic adult language classes. The tribe also organizes immersion camps and publishes Chickasaw language literature through the Chickasaw Press. More recently, the Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program has been working with Rosetta Stone and Ackerman McQueen, releasing a video series teaching learners how to speak Chickasaw with the Rosetta Stone Advanced Languages software.

Consonants
Chickasaw has 16 consonants. In the table below, the consonants are written in the standard Chickasaw orthography. The phonetic symbolization of each consonant is written in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to the right of each orthographic letter when the orthography differs from the IPA symbol.

 * is labiovelar.
 * Voiceless stops have a small amount of aspiration, especially at the beginning of words.
 * The voiced stop may undergo lenition to a voiced fricative  between vowels.
 * All consonants except for the glottal stop may be geminated and most consonants can occur in biconsonantal clusters.

Vowels
Chickasaw has 9 vowels:

Chickasaw vowels contrast between short and long oral vowels and between long oral vowels and long nasal vowels. Short vowels are centralized (see chart): short i is phonetically, short o is phonetically , and short a is phonetically.

Short vowels are also phonetically lengthened when they occur in the second syllable of a sequence of even-numbered open syllables. For example, the word pisali ('I took him') is phonetically. The lengthened short vowel is usually intermediate in length between a short vowel and long vowel. However, the phonetic realization varies depending on the individual speaker and also on phonetic environment. The lengthening does not occur at the end of words and is further restricted by certain morphological criteria.

Alphabet

 * , a, aa, a̱, b, ch, f, h, i, ii, i̱, k, l, lh, m, n, ng, o, oo, o̱, p, s, sh, t, w, y

Prosody

 * pitch accent

Pronominal affixes
Verb arguments (i.e. subject, direct object, indirect object) are indicated with pronominal affixes (both prefixes and suffixes) which are added to verb stems. The pronominal affixes are inflected according to number (singular, plural) and person (1st, 2nd).

Chickasaw has an active–stative pronominal system with two basic series of pronominal sets: an active series (I) and a stative series (II). Additionally, Chickasaw also has dative (III), negative (N), and reciprocal (IR) series.

The active series is used for active intransitive subjects and active transitive subjects. (An active subject, simply put, is a subject that is in control of the action while a stative subject does not have control of the action. This is the difference between She fell on purpose vs. She fell accidentally where the first she controlled the falling while the second she did not control the falling.) The active series is in the table below:

The third person lacks an affix and usually does not distinguish between singular and plural. The first person singular affix is a suffix while the other affixes are prefixes. The first person plural has two forms: il- which is used before vowels and ii- which is used before consonants — thus, il-iyya "we go", ii-malli "we jump". An example inflectional paradigm of the verb malli "to jump" is below (with the pronominal affixes underlined):

The stative series (II) is below. This series is used to indicate stative intransitive subjects and direct objects.

Example with stative intransitive subjects, lhinko "to be fat":

Example with direct objects, pisa "to look at (someone)" (the subject in the paradigm below is unmarked because it is in the third person):

Both active and stative affixes can occur together in which case the active affix indicates the active subject and the stative affix indicates the direct object. Active prefixes occur before stative prefixes. When ish- "active second person singular" occurs before sa- "stative first person singular", it results in issa- (the sh assimilates to s). Likewise, hash- "active second person plural" + sa- is realized as hassa-. The full paradigm of pisa "to look at" is below:

Verb grades

 * verb grades (gemination, epenthesis)

title: Chickasaw language


text:
Talk:Post-autistic economics

Untitled
Q of an occasional wikipedia user (& afficionado): what's the boundary criterion to be included in wikipedia; as in: degree of absurdity resp. irrelevancy of a topic to be excluded? (seriously). just wondering, A Lang/16Dec04

I direct you to Mark Evans (Harry Potter).
 * True, there are some things way off anyone's interest. This particular topic isn't really fringe by WP standards: there is a P.A.E. newsletter (which I read for a while, as en Ex-Econ student) and a webpage.J heisenberg 17:43, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Relation to behavioral economics
It seems to me that many of the criticisms levelled by the post-autistic economics camp have been made to considerable effect-- and with less denigration of the economics mainstream-- by behavioral economists. I'm going to insert a sentence pointing readers to behavioral economics in the text of the article. Tobacman 22:16, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * you should have gotten a source that says there's a link. Popish Plot (talk) 21:10, 27 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Post-autistic economics