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Mental As Anything

Mental As Anything are an Australian new wave and pop rock band that formed in Sydney in 1976. Its most popular line-up (which lasted from 1977 to 1999, and recorded all of their charting singles and albums) was Martin Plaza (birth name Martin Murphy) on vocals and guitar; Reg Mombassa (birth name Christopher O'Doherty) on lead guitar and vocals; his brother Peter "Yoga Dog" O'Doherty on bass guitar and vocals; Wayne de Lisle (birth name David Twohill) on drums; and Andrew "Greedy" Smith on vocals, keyboards and harmonica. Their original hit songs were generated by Mombassa, O'Doherty, Plaza and Smith, either individually or collectively; they also hit the Australian charts with covers of songs by Roy Orbison, Elvis Presley, and Chuck Berry.

Their top ten Australian singles are "If You Leave Me, Can I Come Too?" and "Too Many Times" (both from 1981), "Live It Up" (1985) and "Rock and Roll Music" (1988). Internationally, "Too Many Times" made the Canadian top 40 in 1982, and "Live It Up" peaked at No. 3 in the UK, No. 4 in Norway, and No. 6 in Germany, after it featured in the 1986 Australian film Crocodile Dundee.

All of the early members are visual artists and have had combined studio displays, some have had solo studio displays with Mombassa's artwork also used as designs by the Mambo clothing company. The majority of the group's record covers, posters and video clips have been designed and created by the band members or their art school contemporaries. On 27 August 2009, Mental As Anything was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame alongside Kev Carmody, The Dingoes, Little Pattie and John Paul Young. Most of the original group members left during the 2000s, and Andrew "Greedy" Smith—the only original band member still touring with Mental As Anything—died on 2 December 2019, aged 63, after a heart attack. Mental As Anything has not been active since that time, nor have they announced any future plans.

Style
Mental As Anything's music is characterised by poppy, accessible and well-crafted melodies and lyrics, and their work showcases an ironic, satirical and self-deprecating sense of humour. They are a typically "Australian" rock group, with their music and their satirical, good-time image deeply rooted in the milieu of Australian suburbia, although two key members (the O'Doherty brothers) were in fact immigrants from New Zealand. The group's art school background and visual design skills also made them pioneers of the music video form in Australia in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and their videos rank as some of the funniest and most imaginative produced in Australia at that time.

1976–1979: Formation and early years
The group formed at an art school in Sydney in 1976 when Martin Murphy (Martin Plaza) met fellow student, New Zealand-born Chris O'Doherty (Reg Mombassa) at Alexander Mackie College at East Sydney Technical College, now known as the National Art School. The duo was soon jamming in guitarist and vocalist O'Doherty's Darlinghurst flat. Murphy, on guitar and vocals, brought in his college friend Steve Coburn (son of artist, John Coburn) on bass guitar, while another student, David Twohill (Wayne de Lisle), was recruited on drums.

They were first billed as Mental as Anything on 14 May 1976, after some early party appearances without a name. Prior to the gig at a Chippendale Settlement Dance, they provided the promoter, Paul Worstead, with a list of possible names. Worstead chose Mental As Anything—which was how fellow artist Ken Bolton described them after one of their earlier party performances—and designed an accompanying poster featuring an image of a truck hauling a giant cabbage. The phrase "mental as anything" is late 1970s Australian slang for being crazy, outlandish, having extreme fun, or 'going off'.

Late in 1976, another fellow East Sydney Tech student, Andrew Smith (Greedy Smith) made guest appearances with the band on harmonica whilst still a member of another band, and by year's end Smith had joined full-time and he also played keyboards. Coburn left the fledgling band in 1977 and Mombassa's younger brother Peter "Yoga Dog" O'Doherty joined on bass guitar completing the "classic" line-up. The first performance of the new line-up was at the National Art School's Cell Block Theatre on 17 August, the day news broke in Australia of the death of Elvis Presley. They played numerous Elvis covers and two original songs, together with their usual set of Blues, Rockabilly, Country and 1960s covers including Roy Orbison and The Monkees. The band built up a live following in Sydney with their residencies at the Unicorn Hotel in inner-city Paddington on Mondays and the Civic Hotel in the CBD on Thursdays. At the Unicorn Hotel, their stage was on top of the pool table to free up floor space.

The band was spotted by film-makers Cameron Allen and Martin Fabinyi, who founded their own independent record label, Regular Records, in September 1978 to record and release the group's music. Fabinyi's brother Jeremy Fabinyi became Mental As Anything's manager. Their debut release was a three-track EP, Mental As Anything Plays at Your Party, in December. It featured all original tracks, and is their only release on which Plaza and Mombassa were credited by their original names, Martin Murphy and Chris O'Doherty, respectively. Sydney radio station Double Jay (now Triple J), gave airplay to its most popular track, "The Nips Are Getting Bigger", a drinking song written by Plaza, which showed a stylistic debt to British new wave. Soon after the EP's release, the Australian arm of Festival Records took over distribution of Regular Records and released a remix of "The Nips Are Getting Bigger" as a single in July 1979. This was followed on 1 November by the band's debut album, Get Wet, with Allen producing. With support from nationwide TV pop show Countdown, "The Nips Are Getting Bigger" became the group's first Australian Kent Music Report top 20 hit, and also made No. 1 on the UK alternative charts when released there by Virgin Records and remains one of the group's most popular songs. Get Wet achieved a top 20 position on the Kent Music Report albums chart.

By the time of the LP's release in November, all but Peter O'Doherty had adopted a pseudonym: Chris O'Doherty became Reg Mombassa; Murphy became Martin Plaza—his name copied from the title of the pedestrian plaza in central Sydney, also known as Martin Place; Smith's voracious appetite saw him dubbed "Greedy"; and Twohill became Wayne "Bird" Delisle. (Starting in 1995, Twohill was later billed under his birth name). Shortly before the names had been settled, Peter O'Doherty was using the pseudonym Ouzo Pork, but he elected to keep his birth name for professional purposes. His nickname, as used in interviews, was Yoga Dog, but he was never billed as such. The band completed their first national tour in late 1979, supporting British rockers Rockpile, with members Dave Edmunds and Nick Lowe.

1980–1984: Success in Australia
Mental As Anything's next two singles—Plaza's "Possible Theme for a Future TV Drama Series" (November 1979) and Mombassa's "Egypt" (January 1980)—did not reach the top 50. Their second LP, Espresso Bongo, released in July, was named after the Cliff Richard movie, and it peaked into the top 40. Their fourth single, "Come Around", returned them to the top 20 in June, and it was followed by a top 30 hit with "(Just Like) Romeo and Juliet", an upbeat cover of the 1964 hit by The Reflections, as a non-album single in November 1980.

They scored a No. 4 national hit with Plaza's "If You Leave Me Can I Come Too?", released in May 1981. Smith penned the follow-up, "Too Many Times", which became a No. 6 hit. It was accompanied by a music video shot on a building block in a Sydney seaside suburb and brought Mental As Anything international exposure by becoming a top 40 hit in Canada in July 1982, when they toured North America in support of Men at Work.

The next single, "Berserk Warriors" (December 1981), was a satirical tribute to ABBA, although the concurrent release of the pop hit "Swords of a Thousand Men" by British band Tenpole Tudor prevented Mental As Anything from realising their plan to make a Viking-themed music video to promote it, although they did eventually make the clip as planned and included it on their subsequent video album compilation. All of the 1981 singles were included on their Bruce Brown and Russell Dunlop produced Cats & Dogs, which became their biggest success to date, reaching No. 3 nationally. Mombassa's "Let's Cook" (April 1982) was a radio-only single. "Let's Cook" was also an MTV Video. Mental As Anything members were also visual artists and held their first exhibition of their works in May. In June, during his tour of Australia, Elvis Costello heard them and produced their next single "I Didn't Mean to Be Mean" (August 1982), written by Plaza.

A compilation album, If You Leave Me, was released in September 1982 in the United States and Men at Work, then at the peak of their popularity, had included Mental As Anything as a support act on their US tour. Peter O'Doherty wrote the band's next single, the sentimental "Close Again" (November), from their fourth album, Creatures of Leisure, released in April 1983 and produced by Brown and Dunlop, which peaked at No. 8. It provided two more singles, the Smith and Mombassa collaboration "Spirit Got Lost" (March), which was accompanied by an imaginative animated video clip, and Pete O'Doherty's "Brain Brain" (September). To promote, "Spirit Got Lost", Mental As Anything performed the single on Countdown with the episode's director, Kris Noble, using a dry ice-filled coffin with a band member due to emerge; complaints from within the coffin were ignored by Noble with "It's only another 30 seconds", until a crew member remembered that dry ice could cause nausea, choking or even death.

Their final 1983 single was a cover of Roy Orbison's "Working for the Man" (November), produced by Mark Moffatt and Ricky Fataar. Internationally, Creatures of Leisure was altered to drop three Australia-only tracks and replace them with both sides of the "Working for the Man" single.

It was another year before their next single, Mombassa and Plaza's blackly humorous Christmas release, "Apocalypso (Wiping the Smile off Santa's Face)" appeared in December 1984, which was one of the first Australian recordings to be remixed as a 12" 'disco' version. The innovative stop-motion video by B Sharp Productions to promote "Apocalypso" later shared the "Best Promotional Video" award—with INXS' "Burn for You" by Richard Lowenstein—at the 1984 Countdown Awards held in 1985.

1985-1989: International success
Greedy Smith began to gain prominence with his songwriting success and became the lead vocalist on several songs. Plaza's deep, sultry vocals contrasted well with Smith's higher pitched pop and falsetto. Smith penned and sang the next two singles, both from their Fundamental album produced by Richard Gottehrer and released in September 1985, which peaked at No. 3. "You're So Strong" (March 1985) reached No. 11 in Australia and also charted in the top 30 of the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart. It was followed by the band's biggest Australian hit "Live It Up" (May 1985) which climbed to No. 2 and remained there for three weeks behind Madonna's "Angel / Into the Groove". The single also reached No. 3 in the UK in 1987, and was a hit in Europe, after being included in the soundtrack of the hugely successful Australian 1986 film Crocodile Dundee.

The band performed three songs in the 1985 Oz for Africa concert (part of the global Live Aid program) – "Live It Up", "If You Leave Me, Can I Come Too? " and "You're So Strong". It was broadcast both in Australia and on MTV in the US. Smith's "Date With Destiny" (September 1985) peaked into the top 30 but Plaza's "Big Wheel" (November 1985) did not reach the top 50. In December 1986, they performed under the pseudonym, The Death Barrels, in a competition sponsored by Mambo, Battle of the Surf Bands at Selina's Coogee Bay Hotel.

1986 saw the release of "Greatest Hits Volume 1" which reached number 2 on the Australian charts. "Sloppy Croc", an instrumental that featured on the Crocodile Dundee Soundtrack alongside "Live It Up", was released as a single in Australia but with little promotion, failed to chart.

From late in 1986 to early 1987, Mental As Anything were the opening act on the multi-group Australian Made concert tour where they were joined by former Dynamic Hepnotics keyboardist Mike Gubb. The tour started with claims of mateship and cooperation; however arguments ensued between various band managers over the proposed concert series film. At the Sydney concert, Peter Trotter, playing trombone for Mental As Anything, collapsed on stage and died a week later. The tour ended in acrimony with two managers, Chris Murphy (for INXS) and Jeremy Fabinyi (for Mental As Anything), arguing backstage in Sydney and coming to blows. A film of the tour, Australian Made: The Movie, directed by Richard Lowenstein, was released in July 1987, but contained no footage of Mental As Anything performing. They followed the Australian Made tour by extensive touring of Europe and the UK on the back of the success of "Live It Up" and to promote their album of that year Mouth to Mouth, again produced by Gottehrer

Mouth to Mouth charted in the top 20 in Australia and the two singles lifted from it, "He's Just No Good For You" and "Don't Tell Me Now" both charted in the Top 40, as did a further single at years end, a cover of Elvis Presley's "Love Me Tender". The music video for "He's Just No Good for You" was filmed on Scarborough Street in Monterey, New South Wales.

In late 1988, a cover of the Chuck Berry chestnut "Rock and Roll Music"—recorded for the Yahoo Serious movie Young Einstein—went top 5 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Singles Charts. The single appeared on their next album, Cyclone Raymond, produced by Steve James, Mark Moffatt, Mark Opitz and Robyn Smith; which peaked into the top 40 ARIA Albums Charts in October 1989. A planned first single for 1989, "Love Comes Running" was cancelled from release in Australia, instead appearing in New Zealand only. The first single released in 1989 from the album, "The World Seems Difficult" was a top twenty hit, but polished up for the overseas market, sounded unlike anything the band had previously released. Two further singles, "Baby You're Wild" and "Overwhelmed" did not peak into the top 50, and promotion of the album was hindered after Smith injured his arm in a horse riding accident, and was hospitalised, which forced tour concerts to be postponed or cancelled. By early 1990, Mental As Anything members agreed to take a sabbatical to work on solo work and side projects. Then Deputy Prime Minister, Paul Keating, opened their second group studio art exhibition in 1990.

1990-1993: Side projects and sabbatical
In 1986 Plaza released a solo single, a cover of the 1960s Unit 4 + 2 song "Concrete and Clay", which was a No. 2 hit; the subsequent solo album, Plaza Suite, also charted. In 1991, during his sabbatical from Mental As Anything, Plaza collaborated with former member of Models, James Freud. As Beatfish, they released the self-titled album, Beatfish, which was one of the first Australian dance or house flavoured albums. Plaza's 1994 album Andy's Chest was composed almost entirely of Lou Reed covers. Another collaboration with Freud occurred in 1996 and resulted in the Hawaiian inspired Moondog project, with Plaza appearing on some tracks of the album Postcard from Hawaii.

Mombassa and O'Doherty formed the duo Reg & Peter/Peter & Reg (they alternated names whenever interviewed) and released a single, "Jean" in March 1991, before adopting the band name Dog Trumpet and releasing the album Two Heads One Brain. Studio musicians were Mike Gubb on keyboards (ex-Dynamic Hepnotics, Mental as Anything), John Bliss on drums (ex-The Reels) and Mark Honeybrook on bass guitar. Further releases followed with the EPs Kiss a Gun Down in October 1992 and Strange Brew in October 1993. After returning to Mental As Anything, they continued with their Dog Trumpet side project and provided three further album releases.

Mombassa also designed innumerable T-shirts, posters, videos and record covers for Mental As Anything and other bands. His most recent album cover is for Public Image Limited's "Greatest Hits So Far". Johnny Lydon spied Reg's work on Mambo clothing and sought him out to do their album cover. Reg's talents extend to illustrations and writings for, among others, Rolling Stone, Stiletto, RAM, Dolly and FMG.

Smith performed with his band, Greedy's on the Loose, during 1992 but there was no recorded output, while Twohill returned to art college and finished his degree.

1993-1999: Return from sabbatical
During the sabbatical, Mental As Anything still played short tours and one-off gigs, but by 1993 they were back on record, providing the song "Ride", produced by Tim Farriss, for the soundtrack to the Yahoo Serious film Reckless Kelly. They released a compilation of rare album tracks and b-sides, Chemical Travel, in November.

By mid-1994 the band had recorded an album's worth of self-produced material but were having difficulty getting a release deal. They self-released an EP of songs, Bicycle, and gave it away on their summer 1994/95 tour of NSW and Queensland. Radio station Triple J received a copy of the Bicycle EP on Christmas Day 1994 and put the lead track "Mr Natural" on immediate heavy rotation. Other stations followed and the demand led to the track being given a commercial release as a single and reaching the top 30 on the ARIA Charts (although charting higher in the States where the tour and free EP didn't reach). The resulting album, 1995's Liar, Liar Pants on Fire, reached the top 40, with Mombassa's cover taking the 'Best Cover Art' award at the 1996 ARIA Music Awards.

Three further singles were lifted off Liar Liar in 1995 and 1996: Mombassa's "Nigel" which just failed to chart, a cover of Wreckless Eric's "Whole Wide World" which landed just out of the Top 50 (Top 30 in Victoria) and O'Doherty's tribute to Ms Faithful, "Marianne", which was released as the band supported Chris Isaak on his 1996 tour of Australia.

On 16 August 1997, Mental As Anything celebrated 20 years together with the same line-up with a free birthday show at the Hopetoun Hotel in Surry Hills, Sydney. Late 1997 saw the band put together their third group art exhibition, Mentals III, which was opened by former Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam, at the Manly Art Gallery (Paul Keating had opened their second group exhibition in 1990). Their 21st anniversary in 1998 was marked with the release of the last album by this line-up, Garàge, which did not reach the top 50, nor did the two singles lifted from it, "Just My Luck" and "Calling Colin". December 1999 saw the release of Best of Mental As Anything which was accredited by ARIA with a gold certificate by 2001, and a seasonal single "White Christmas", that was given away at their "Yule Party" gig at Sydney's Metro Theatre.

2000-2019: Line-up changes
In April 2000, Mental As Anything announced the first official change to their line-up since 1977. Brothers Peter O'Doherty and Reg Mombassa left to pursue their own musical projects, including their band Dog Trumpet, and their art careers. The last tour by this line-up was a short trip to Vietnam organised by the Australian Government. They were replaced by David 'Duck' Barraclough (ex-The Exponents) and Murray Cook (ex-Leah Purcell, Mixed Relations). Cook (no relation to Murray Cook of The Wiggles) left the band after the Beetroot Stains album (2000) and was replaced by New Zealand born Mike Caen, who had worked with Jenny Morris, Margaret Urlich, Rick Price, Daryl Braithwaite and Tina Arena. At the Gimme Ted benefit concert on 10 March 2001, Mental As Anything performed three songs. The Road Case album by this line-up appeared late in 2002.

In 2003 the band started recording favourite covers that had inspired the band in its early days, including songs such as "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town", "Lonesome Train", "Hangin Five", with a view to releasing an album under the title Songs the Lord Tortoise. Although the album was completed in 2004 it has not been released.

The next line-up change occurred in September 2004 when Twohill was sacked from the band by Plaza and Smith. Upon return to Sydney following a tour of Western Australia by the band Twohill was told at the airport that he had played his last show for the band. Twohill lodged a wrongful dismissal case against his former bandmates with the NSW Industrial Relations Commission in 2007. At the hearing, he said he had "no inkling" that his bandmates were dissatisfied with his performances and his attitude, whereas Plaza advised that the band had been discussing Twohill's future for some time and had issued the drummer with a warning after alleged unprofessional behaviour during a gig at Ettalong, north of Sydney, in December 2003.

"It was because I asked him to not smoke in the dressing room he took it out on us on stage … played like a chimpanzee on speed, it was terrible."

This was not an undisputed claim; in evidence given earlier, the band's stage technician Darren Brain, said Twohill "played quite well". Twohill was ultimately successful in his claim, with Justice Frank Marks stating that the band gave "no basis" for the expulsion.

Twohill was replaced by Robbie Souter, a veteran of Dynamic Hepnotics, Slim Dusty band and other country and roots music combos. This line-up recorded the acoustic Plucked, released in November 2005. In 2007 they toured Papua New Guinea for the first time to play three gigs in the capital Port Moresby as part of "Australia Week".

In May 2009 the band released the compilation album Essential as Anything, celebrating thirty years since the release of their first EP and national tour of their debut album. The album also included a DVD of all the video clips released by the band. Additionally Mental As Anything re-issued all ten of the band's albums as digital downloads. The band also released a new studio album, Tents Up, in June and toured nationally in support of both releases. On 27 August 2009, Mental As Anything was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame alongside Kev Carmody, The Dingoes, Little Pattie and John Paul Young. Mombassa said that it was an honour to be inducted and thanked fans and industry supporters. At the ceremony they were inducted by Roy Slaven and they performed "Live It Up", "The Nips are Getting Bigger" and "If You Leave Me Can I Come Too" with Mombassa and O'Doherty rejoining them onstage.

On 18 September 2009 the band appeared live in Sydney's Apple Store with a digital download EP in the "iTunes Live from Sydney: Aussie Legends" series appearing the next day. An extensive pictorial biography of Mombassa, titled the "Mind of Times of Reg Mombassa" appeared in November, and by virtue of the subject served as a de facto biography of Mental As Anything up to Mombassa's departure in 2000. The Summer of 2009/2010 saw a national tour for the current line-up supporting the B-52s and Proclaimers. In 2010, children's entertainers The Wiggles, released their "Let's Eat" album with the lead track being a collaboration with Smith, Plaza, Mombassa and O'Doherty on a re-recording of "Let's Cook".

The band continued to tour regularly, playing smaller venues throughout Australia's cities and regional centres. In 2012 both Barraclough and Souter departed the band due to ill health; and were replaced by Zoltan Budai and Jacob Cook, respectively. Souter died in 2017 due to liver failure, aged 68, and Barraclough died in 2018 due to pancreatic cancer, aged 58. Further changes occurred when Caen departed in late 2013 and was replaced by Martin Cilia in early 2014; and when Budai departed the band in 2015 and was replaced by James Gillard.

Martin Plaza has been battling kidney cancer since 2013 and has had extended periods off the road, with Caen and Craig Gordon variously standing in. Plaza played with the Mentals throughout 2014, and for a few dates in October 2016, but his health forced him to thereafter permanently retire from the group's touring schedule.

During this time, the band released newly recorded material: Smith's "Shake Off Your Sandals" (2015), Plaza's "Goat Tracks in My Sandpit" (2016) and a 5 track EP called 5 Track EP (2017) which collected these two songs and three others. The EP was timed for release for the band's appearance on the 2017 APIA Good Times tour. Additionally back catalogue was reissued both physically and digitally in the UK/Europe via Demon/Edsel and in Australia via Universal Music Group.

Mental As Anything, now consisting of Greedy Smith (vocals/keyboards), Martin Cilia (guitars), Jacob Cook (drums), Craig Gordon (vocals/guitars) and Peter Gray (vocals/bass), played a special 40th anniversary show at Surfersaurus in Sydney, during October 2018. Smith was by this point the only original member of Mental As Anything to still be playing with the group. The concert was released as the live CD At Play in early 2019.

Andrew "Greedy" Smith died of a heart attack on 2 December 2019, in Sydney. Smith's final show with the band – and the band's last show to date – took place on 30 November in Tathra, New South Wales.

2023: Book
In 2023, journalist Stuart Lloyd wrote a book about the band, Started Out Just Drinking Beer: The Mental As Anything Story. The book focuses on the five members of the classic line-up, and Mombassa, O'Doherty and Twohill appeared at the book launch and at other related promotional events. In addition to being sold in both stores and online, copies of the book (autographed by Mombassa, O'Doherty, Twohill and Lloyd) are available for sale at various Dog Trumpet shows.

Members

 * Past members
 * Martin Plaza (Martin Murphy) – lead vocals, guitar (1976–2019; non-touring from 2015)
 * Wayne de Lisle (David Twohill) – drums (1976–2004)
 * Reg Mombassa (Chris O'Doherty) – guitar, vocals (1976–2000)
 * Greedy Smith (Andrew Smith) – lead vocals, keyboards, harmonica (1976–2019; his death)
 * Steve Coburn – bass (1976–1977)
 * Peter O'Doherty – bass, vocals (1977–2000)
 * David Barraclough – bass, vocals, guitar, keyboards (2000–2012; died 2018)
 * Murray Cook – guitar (2000–2002)
 * Mike Caen – guitar, vocals (2002–2013)
 * Robbie Souter – drums (2004–2012; died 2017)
 * Zoltan Budai – bass (2012–2015)
 * Jacob Cook – drums (2012–2019)
 * Martin Cilia – guitar, vocals (2014–2019)
 * Craig Gordon – guitar, vocals (2015–2019)
 * James Gillard – bass (2015–2017)
 * Peter Gray – bass, vocals (2017–2019)

 * Touring musicians
 * Mike Gubb – keyboards (1986–1987)

Discography

 * Get Wet (aka Mental As Anything) (1979)
 * Espresso Bongo (1980)
 * Cats & Dogs (aka If You Leave Me, Can I Come Too?) (1981)
 * Creatures of Leisure (1983)
 * Fundamental (1985)
 * Mouth to Mouth (1987)
 * Cyclone Raymond (1989)
 * Liar Liar Pants on Fire (1995)
 * Garàge (1998)
 * Beetroot Stains (2000)
 * Road Case (2002)
 * Plucked (2005)
 * Tents Up (2009)

APRA Awards
These awards were established by Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) in 1982 to honour the achievements of songwriters and music composers, and to recognise their songwriting skills, sales and airplay performance, by its members annually. Andrew "Greedy" Smith of Mental As Anything won the APRA Award for "Most Performed Australasian Popular Work" in 1987 for "Live It Up".

 * 1987 || "Live It Up" by Greedy Smith || Most Performed Australasian Popular Work || Won
 * 1987 || "Live It Up" by Greedy Smith || Most Performed Australasian Popular Work || Won

ARIA Awards
Mental As Anything has won two Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Awards including their 2009 induction into their Hall of Fame. This induction recognised their achievement of a "significant body of recorded work" and that they "had a cultural impact within Australia".

 * rowspan="2"| 1995 || "Mr Natural" || Best Pop Release || Nominated
 * | "Mr Natural" by Reg Mombassa || Best Cover Art || Nominated
 * | 1996 || Liar Liar Pants on Fire by Reg Mombassa || Best Cover Art || Won
 * | 1999 || Garàge by Reg Mombassa || Best Cover Art || Nominated
 * | 2009 || Mental As Anything || Hall of Fame || inducted
 * | 1996 || Liar Liar Pants on Fire by Reg Mombassa || Best Cover Art || Won
 * | 1999 || Garàge by Reg Mombassa || Best Cover Art || Nominated
 * | 2009 || Mental As Anything || Hall of Fame || inducted
 * | 2009 || Mental As Anything || Hall of Fame || inducted
 * | 2009 || Mental As Anything || Hall of Fame || inducted

Countdown Awards
Countdown was an Australian pop music TV series on national broadcaster ABC-TV from 1974 to 1987, it presented music awards from 1979 to 1987, initially in conjunction with magazine TV Week but then independently. TV Week had previously sponsored the 'King of Pop' awards. The Countdown Music and Video Awards were succeeded by the ARIA Awards.

 * rowspan="2"| 1979 || "The Nips Are Getting Bigger" || Best Single || Nominated
 * | Mental As Anything || Best New Talent || Nominated
 * rowspan="3"| 1981 || "If You Leave Me Can I Come Too?" || Best Single || Won
 * | Cats & Dogs || Best Album || Nominated
 * | Mental As Anything || Most Consistent Live Act || Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| 1983 || Creatures of Leisure || Best Album || Nominated
 * | "Spirit Got Lost" || Best Video || Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| 1984 || "Apocalypso" || Best Video || Won
 * | "Apocalypso" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * rowspan="4"| 1985 || Fundamental || Best Album || Won
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Single || Won
 * | Greedy Smith || Best Songwriter || Won
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Won
 * | 1986 || "Let's Go To Paradise" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| 1984 || "Apocalypso" || Best Video || Won
 * | "Apocalypso" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * rowspan="4"| 1985 || Fundamental || Best Album || Won
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Single || Won
 * | Greedy Smith || Best Songwriter || Won
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Won
 * | 1986 || "Let's Go To Paradise" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Single || Won
 * | Greedy Smith || Best Songwriter || Won
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Won
 * | 1986 || "Let's Go To Paradise" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * | "Live It Up" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Won
 * | 1986 || "Let's Go To Paradise" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated
 * | 1986 || "Let's Go To Paradise" || Best Group Performance in a Video || Nominated

Mo Awards
The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as the Mo Awards), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Mental As Anything won one award in that time. (wins only)
 * 2014
 * Mental As Anything
 * Best Rock Act of the Year
 * Won
 * Won

title: Mental As Anything


text:
Talk:Larry Ellison

Images
Comment to "Jawed" "added photo of Larry Ellison", not very flattering picture. - Jerryseinfeld 23:59, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I can't believe that's the best picture of the guy we can find. - Matthew.Townsend 12:10, 30 Dec 2004 (EST)

 * It is the best picture of him in existence. Jawed 08:23, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I think it's a hilarious photo and burst out laughing when I saw it, but I think leaving it in the article must be a violation of -something-. --NeuronExMachina 10:10, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * It's a funny picture to be sure, but it wouldn't be very flattering to use that photograph in an encyclopedia. We can use a different picture without adding any sort of bias, so I think we should. - furrykef (Talk at me) 20:53, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Larry would like the baseball pic. He regularly eats competitors for lunch.

First Paragraph
Quoting the Article: "At South Shore High School, he was a bright but inattentive student. At 15, he began a long-term relationship that lasted for five years and ended sorely—depending on who is asked, he unsuccessfully proposed marriage either once or twice."

What? The paragraph starts with him being in school, then jumps to him "starting a long term relationship" and "proposing marriage"... where did this come from? Then nothing else is said about the relationship in the rest of the paragraph....

Larry Ellison net worth
His net worth is about $27 Billion in 2008. His payment is about $72 Million.

Category addition - background
Larry Ellison’s mother was an unwed 19-year-old at the time of his birth. After he contracted pneumonia at the age of nine months, his Jewish mother allowed her aunt and uncle to adopt him.http://www.jspace.com/news/articles/the-jewish-billionaires-of-forbes/8044

Who is a Jew? -According to halakha, a Jew by birth must be born to a Jewish mother. Halakha states that the acceptance of the principles and practices of Judaism does not make a person a Jew. But, those born Jewish do not lose that status because they cease to be observant Jews, even if they adopt the practices of another religion. Major Torp (talk) 17:07, 7 March 2014 (UTC)

Incorrect. They take converts, of any ethnicity. There are qualifications, but it can be done. 2A00:23C3:E284:900:65BF:9B44:E4FD:3C1A (talk) 13:00, 13 May 2020 (UTC)

Help
Sir im very poor please help me For life change im bangladeshi 103.108.61.219 (talk) 14:13, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

Mr. Ellison
I've received a text telling me that your company is giving away 700,000,00 away to 40 people in each state is this true? 149.154.23.66 (talk) 18:29, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Larry Ellison


text: User talk:68.52.60.201

title: User talk:68.52.60.201


text:
Talk:Dickey Chapelle

How Chapelle was killed
Chapelle was not killed by landmine. she was killed when on patrol with a marine platoon, the lieutenant in front of her kicked a tripwire boobytrap consisting of a mortar shell with a hand grenade attached to the top of it. a piece of shrapnel hit her in the neck, (which you can see in the photo)and died soon after - hence the impromptu medical attention and photo opportunity. I'd put this in but have no cites and am no good at editing. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 60.229.197.254 (talk • contribs) 09:26, January 7, 2007
 * A comment on the History (TV channel) web site from an eye-witness describes a slightly different scenario. Regardless, the article needs a citation for what it says. --Jtir (talk) 18:49, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Intelligence links
When captured in Hungary she supposedly had a minox spy camera and plenty of film taped to her body. This, combined with her involvement with the Sea Swallows, the American censorship of her Vietnam work and other indications, has caused many to question Chapelle's links with intelligence services. Anyone with a good reference on this? --  rxnd  ( talk ) 02:51, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The Minox is not indicative of involvement with spy services.(even 'I' have a minox spy camera) She was merely trying to sneak the camera in so she could take her pictures of the shady group that had been smuggling people out of the country. Indeed she had the minox and film taped to her body with band-aids and when she was arrested she managed to dump it out a window  (Fire in the Wind. page 203) I doubt she was any more involved with spooks than any other journalist who travels into places you really shouldn't. I am re-reading both books in order to expand this article significantly.  EraserGirl (talk) 03:05, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the answer. Looking forward to your updates to the article. --  rxnd  ( talk ) 17:21, 8 March 2008 (UTC)
 * So do I, I have 2 articles in front of it, but I may skip ahead to hers. I haven't reread her autobiography in a long time and I am interested to compare it to Fire in the Wind. EraserGirl (talk) 02:45, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Dickey Chapelle


text:
Talk:Doug Allison

Birth and Age

 * 1846 (revised from 1845) --SABR Biographical Research Committee March/April 2005 Report --P64 22:05, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

catcher, weak batsman
Maybe there should be an article or section --say, Catcher#the_early_role-- explaining some aspects of the job once, for many cross-references to phrases such as "He was a catcher at a time when ...". Something similar may be useful for the bare-hand days and earliest glove use at every fielding position.

There will be lots of repetition across biographies in any case (when there are lots of biographies) but some good non-biographical articles might yet have a big impact. --P64 23:07, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doug Allison


text:
Talk:Saul Alinsky

Re non-NPOV and edits and WP:BRD
re your recent edits: I recommend you read up on the "BOLD, revert, discuss cycle" – see WP:BRD. In particular: when your Bold edits have been reverted, do not simply repeat the edits (that would be WP:BRR), but open a discussion. Note that simply repeating questioned edits constitutes edit warring.

I reverted your edits (and will be doing so again) because they appear to be blatantly non-NPOV, evidenced particularly by your changing the section "Legacy and honors" to "Legacy and posthumous notoriety". Your other edits also seem inclined towards removal of postiive or laudatory content, with increased emphasis on contentious aspects.

I question why you have removed content about:
 * his description as "the founder of modern community organizing".
 * his graduation from UC.
 * how the Depression changed his career plans.
 * the "Employment" section, including is post-graduate work as a crimminologist?
 * his comment on antisemitism.

And various laudatory comments that Alinsky:
 * "championed new ways to organize the poor and powerless".
 * is credited for laying the foundation for grassroots organizing.

For someone who has been editing for only a week (I presume you are not hiding any previous experience, correct?) you do need to come up to speed on the standards and modes by which things are done here. Do look into the various links in the "Welcome!" message on your talk page. ♦ J. Johnson (JJ) (talk) 22:13, 20 November 2019 (UTC)

Thanks. Yes I need to get up to speed on a number of things. I thought "NPOV" is all I had to go on. But I understand that your general objection is that my draft removes "positive or laudatory content, with increased emphasis on contentious aspects."

You wonder why I dropped the description of Alinsky as "the founder of modern community organizing". Although a reference is not provided for this, it is a legitimate un-contentious judgement (the gist of many of the contemporary references to Alinksy that I repeat). I grant that my introduction of Alinksy as "a pioneer of community organizing who won national recognition for his work though the Industrial Areas Foundation" seems unnecessarily weaker.

Where it reveals something of his contemporary standing and significance I do include laudatory praise, notably from Adlai Stevenson, but also Buckley's appreciation of Alinsky as being "very close to an organizational genius." There is also NYT report of Alinsky having been "hated and feared in high places from coast to coast", which for Alinsky himself would have been the highest praise. And that raises an important point.

The first objection to the original article (see above) was that omitted any and all "criticism". But this is not simply a matter of balance. Alinsky, and his strategic and tactical thinking, cannot be understood without appreciating the contention that surrounded him.

His Rules for Radicals were written as a "Practical Primer for Realistic Radicals" --a direct riposte to criticism from the would-be revolutionary New Left. You wouldn't know that for the original article. I mention and reference this criticism (while noting the New Left itself failed to link their own community organizing efforts to their larger ambitions and consequently abandoned the field). But note that I allow Alinksy, largely in his own pithy language, to dispose of his critics: revolutionary youth may have "few illusions about the system, but they have plenty of illusions about the way to change our world" etc.

It is also important to reference how Alinsky has figured in more contemporary political controversies, because it probably in relation to these that many readers will have first heard of Alinksy. I place the new right demonization of Alinksy in its obvious partisan light (as sticks with which to beat Hillary Clinton and Obama) so I don't think it requires much comment. But it is perhaps unfortunate that I did this under the section title "Legacy and Continued Notoriety". Replacing "Legacy and Honors" this might seem negative. Alinsky himself was proud of "notoriety" but it can suggest a value judgement. Perhaps better if I had written "Legacy and ontinued controversy".

A number of more specific points. My removal of:

 * his graduation from UC. -- I mention that Alinksy received a graduate fellowship of UC, so it is clear he graduated.

 * how the Depression changed his career plans. Actually, a fault with both the original article and mine, neither of us mention the Great Depression as such, but I explain what he was doing during those years (union organizing, resisting evictions, calling for pubic housing etc.) to move him toward community organizing. I didn't mention his aborted interest in archaeology--but how significant is that?

 * the "Employment" section, including is post-graduate work as a crimminologist? All there and extended under "Path to community organizing."

 * his comment on antisemitism. I did reference his response to being beaten up by Polish kids, and his Rabbi's wonderful admonition. But I think the comment about antisemitism being "so pervasive you didn't really even think about it" is important and should be included. (The reason I probably dropped is because Alinsky had tied this with the remark that as a child he had been "taught that gentiles were practically Mongoloids. And that kind of chauvinism is just as unhealthy as antisemitism"--which I didn't think it appropriate to repeat, not least because of the use of the term Mongoloid).

I think there is also I have been a concern in your reading about quotations that seem unnecessarily critical as descriptions of Alinsky's methods, such as rubbing "raw the sores of discontent' and compelling "action through agitation"--but that, I think, was Alinsky's own provocative language--I'd have to check.

Other points I will also try to address, and redraft. Thanks ManfredHugh (talk) 02:48, 21 November 2019 (UTC)ManfredHugh

 * Mentioning that he was headed for archaeology shows that there was a change of career direction, and could lead into why that happened.
 * "Continued [continuing?] controversy" would be part of his legacy, yes? Well, I'll leave that to you. Ask if you need any assistance or just want to discuss something. ♦ J. Johnson (JJ) (talk) 23:59, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

Is there any particular reason for removing the mention of Alinsky receving the "Pacem in Terris" award? ♦ J. Johnson (JJ) (talk) 20:56, 25 November 2019 (UTC)

Frank Weissman doesn't have an entry?
/* "The myth of Saul Alinsky" */ Frank Weissman doesn't have an entry? https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/14/nyregion/frank-riessman-79-dies-promoted-self-help-movement.html 71.11.254.3 (talk) 04:28, 25 March 2020 (UTC)

Nitti liaisons...
This page is highly incomplete by not showing the ties between the gangster Frank Nitti and Alinsky. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 179.186.143.9 (talk) 17:39, 7 February 2021 (UTC)

This article reads like pop biography
This entire article is written like a 10th grade English assignment, filled with awkward quotes and folksy anecdotes.

Do quotes like these belong in a Wikipedia article?

'The rabbi looked at him for a moment and said quietly, "You think you're a man because you do what everybody does. But I want to tell you something great: 'where there are no men, be thou a man'".

'he hung out with Chicago's Al Capone mob (as they "owned the city", they felt they had little to hide from a "college kid"). "Among other things" about the exercise of power, what they taught him was "the terrific importance of personal relationships".

'Alinsky said that he "knew the day of sit-ins had ended" when the executive of a military contractor showed him blueprints for the new corporate headquarters. "'And here', the executive said, 'is our sit-in-hall. [You will have] plenty of comfortable chairs, two coffee machines and lots of magazines . . . '". "You are not going to get anywhere", Alinsky concluded'

'FIGHT began to think of some "far-out tactics along the lines of our O'Hare shit in." This included a "fart-in" at the Rochester Philharmonic, Kodak's "cultural jewel." It was a proposal Alinsky considered "absurd rather than juvenile. But isn't much of life kind of a theater of the absurd?" No tactic that might work was "frivolous."' — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.47.233.127 (talk) 08:42, 11 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Your argument here is with Alinsky himself. These "folsky anecdotes" wouldn't belong in a Wikipedia article if they weren't his own. They betray his manner as a writer and as speaker which, no matter how we might ourselves judge them, is valid and important information for the reader.ManfredHugh (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 22:27, 23 November 2022 (UTC)

Clarify "Illinois State Division of Criminology".
Is that a division at Illinois state university or the Illinois government? If state, then "state" word should be deleted. If university, it needs a link. Seananony (talk) 23:27, 19 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Saul Alinsky


text:
Season of Mist

Season of Mist is an independent record label and record distributor with subsidiaries in France and the United States. The record label was founded in 1996 by Michael S. Berberian in Marseille, France. From the start releasing black metal, pagan metal, and death metal records, the label moved on to releasing albums of avant-garde metal, gothic metal and punk bands as well. The label has two offices, one in Marseille, France and one in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Music
From the beginning, Season of Mist focused on releasing more extreme metal records by stylistically diverse bands like Oxiplegatz, Bethzaida and Kampfar. With the signing of Norwegian legends Mayhem in 1999, the label's profile clearly shifted towards black metal and attracted internationally renowned artists like Carpathian Forest, Rotting Christ, Arcturus, and Solefald, with the latter two representing a marked progressive and avant-garde side to Season of Mist.

While staying close to its black metal roots with the creation of the Season of Mist Underground Activists division in 2007, the label widened its musical range and added to its black, death, doom (Saint Vitus) and thrash metal roster bands playing progressive death metal (Morbid Angel, Cynic, Atheist, Gnostic, Gonin-ish), sludge (Kylesa, Outlaw Order Black Tusk ), industrial metal (Genitorturers, The CNK, Punish Yourself), hard rock (Ace Frehley), gothic rock (Christian Death), mathcore (The Dillinger Escape Plan, Psykup), garage rock (1969 Was Fine), groove metal (Dagoba, Eths, Trepalium, Black Comedy) and metalcore (Eyeless, The Arrs).

History
Season of Mist was formed in 1996, while founder Michael S. Berberian was completing his scholarships in "International Economics Sciences" initially, according to Berberian, to avoid the compulsory national military service in France. Since his graduation the label has become a full-time job for Michael and achieved a steady growth with Season of Mist now employing 20 staff members. In 2002 Season of Mist also started out as a distributor for the French territory, which includes other metal labels like Spinefarm Records or Napalm Records on their roster.

Season of Mist's name originates from The Sandman: Season of Mists, which in turn comes from the opening phrase of John Keats' "To Autumn".

Roster
• 1349

• ABBATH

• Alkaloid

• Altarage

• Anciients

• Archspire

• Atheist

• Auðn

• Baptism

• Barishi

• Benighted

• Beyond Creation

• Bizarrekult

• Black Tusk

• Black Cobra

• Cannabis Corpse

• Carach Angren

• The Casualties

• Chaostar

• Cloak

• Complete Failure

• Craft

• Crippled Black Phoenix

• Darkspace

• Deathspell Omega

• Defeated Sanity

• Defiled

• Départe

• Der Weg einer Freiheit

• Deströyer 666

• Disperse

• Dodecahedron

• Drudkh

• Earth Electric

• Eivør

• Emptiness

• Endstille

• Engel

• Enthroned

• Esben and the Witch

• Esoteric

• Eternal Gray

• Eths

• Foscor

• Funeral

• Gaahls Wyrd

• Gaerea

• Garmarna

• George Kollias

• Gonin-ish

• Gorguts

• Grave Desecrator

• The Great Old Ones

• Hark

• Hate Eternal

• Hegemon

• Heilung

• HELGA

• Hell Militia

• Hierophant

• Hooded Menace

• Imperium Dekadenz

• Impure Wilhelmina

• Incantation

• KEN Mode

• Kontinuum

• Leng Tch'e

• The Lion's Daughter

• Mark Deutrom (ex-Melvins)

• Mayhem

• Merrimack

• Misery Index

• Necronomicon

• Necrowretch

• Necrophagia

• Ne Obliviscaris

• Nidingr

• Nightbringer

• Nightmarer

• Nocturnal Graves

• Numenorean

• Obsidian Kingdom

• Replacire

• Revenge

• Ritual Killer

• River Black

• Rotten Sound

• Rotting Christ

• Saint Vitus

• Saor

• Sarah Longfield

• Septicflesh

• Shape of Despair

• Sinistro

• Skuggsjá

• Shining

• Sólstafir

• Sons of Balaur

• Strigoi

• Sylvaine

• This Gift Is A Curse

• Thy Catafalque

• Tsjuder

• Ulsect

• Venomous Concept

• Vévaki

• Vipassi

• Virvum

• Voyager

• Vulture Industries

• Weedeater

• Wildlights

• Windswept

• Withered

• Wormed

• Zhrine

• Zuriaake

North American roster
Bands signed on a license deal with Season of Mist for exclusive release in North America.
 * Abysmal Dawn – American death metal
 * Astarte – Greek black metal
 * Beherit – Finnish black metal
 * Deathspell Omega – French black metal
 * Dying Fetus – American death metal
 * Eluveitie – Swiss folk metal
 * Enslaved – Norwegian progressive black metal
 * Finntroll – Finnish folk black metal
 * Forgotten Tomb – Italian black metal
 * Legion of the Damned – Dutch thrash metal
 * Moonsorrow – Finnish folk black metal
 * Reverend Bizarre – Finnish doom metal
 * Sadist – Italian technical death metal
 * Shape of Despair – Finnish funeral doom metal
 * Shining – Swedish black metal
 * Sopor Aeternus – German darkwave
 * The Gathering – Dutch atmospheric rock
 * To Separate the Flesh from the Bones – Finnish grindcore
 * Within Temptation – Dutch gothic metal

Distributed labels
Record companies distributed in France by Season of Mist.

 * Accession
 * Ad Noiseam
 * Agonia Records
 * Agua Recordings
 * Alfa Matrix
 * Ant-Zen
 * Anticulture
 * Ark Records
 * Audioglobe
 * Aura Mystique
 * Avantgarde Music
 * Basement Apes Records
 * Black Flames
 * Black Lotus Records
 * Black Mark Production
 * Black Rain/Noitekk
 * Bones Brigade Records
 * Candlelight/PlasticHead
 * Cargo Records
 * Code 666
 * Cold Meat Industry
 * Cold Spring
 * Cruz del Sur
 * Cyclic Law
 * Cyclone Empire
 * D8k Prod
 * Danse Macabre
 * Deadrock Industry/Customcore
 * Deaf & Dumb Music
 * Debemur Morti
 * Demolition Records
 * dependent
 * Displeased Records
 * Divine Comedy
 * Drakkar Entertainment
 * Dream Catcher
 * Favored Nations
 * Firebox Records
 * GMR Music
 * Great Dane Records
 * GSR Records
 * Hall of Sermon
 * I For Us
 * I Hate records
 * La Chambre Froide
 * Lifeforce Records
 * M-Tronic
 * Magic Circle Music
 * Massacre Records
 * Masterpiece Records
 * Metal Blade/Silverdust
 * Metal Mind Productions
 * Metropolis Records
 * Morbid Records
 * Moribund Records
 * Music Avenue
 * Napalm Records
 * Norma Evangelium Diaboli
 * Northern Silence
 * Nova Media/Alice In.../Bloodline/Minuswelt/Dancing Ferret/Pandaimonium
 * Optical Sound
 * Out of Line
 * Painkiller Records
 * People Like You
 * Prikosnovénie
 * Prophecy Productions
 * Psychonaut Records
 * Pulverised Records
 * Rage of Achilles
 * Repo Records
 * Scarlet Records
 * Sepulchral Production
 * Several Bleeds/Rupture Music
 * Shunu Records
 * Sound Pollution
 * Spinefarm
 * Suburban Records
 * Supernal Music
 * Target Records
 * Tatra Productions
 * Tesco Organisation
 * The End Records
 * Trendkill Records
 * Twilight Vertrieb
 * Underclass
 * Virusworx
 * Von Jakhelln

title: Season of Mist


text:
Talk:Bobby Darin

"Driven by the inner urgency of a clock ticking away precious time"
Does this have some specific meaning with reference to Darrin's career choices, or is it just rhetorical fluff? If it's the former, it should be clarified. If the latter, it should be removed in the interests of NPOV and avoiding senselessly torrid prose. (I know nothing about Darin, or I would've removed it myself.) RadicalSubversiv E 07:30, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * The reference is to his lifelong physical illness, beginning from infancy with rheumatic fever that weakend his heart and continuing through adulthood when he underwent two open-heart surgeries, the second of which killed him at age 37. Although stated dramatically, this idea is considered central to Darin's life, his drive to become a legend by age 25 (at which he succeeded), his worthwhile attempts at mastering many different musical forms, his urge late in life to have a more serious impact after the death of Robert Kennedy.

 * Today's Wall Street Journal has a story on Darin (and Kevin Spacey) which opens with virtually the same observation:

 * "Bobby Darin pursued stardom as if he would have to outrace death to get it."

 * So no, this phrase you question is not fluff, but refers to his drive to succeed, which influenced his career choices, Ortolan88 18:36, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC) PS – it's already in the article, isn't it?

 * Thanks for the info. Yes, that's the phrase used in the article, but I think it comes off sounding slightly ridiculous and doesn't actually communicate much in the way of information -- could it be clarified or expanded on in some way? RadicalSubversiv E 08:29, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * In the interests of not being overly negative, I should say that the rest of the article is great. RadicalSubversiv E 08:36, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I realize this question has been laid to rest already, but let me add that various biographies and even the biopic have the attending doctor tell his mother (really grandmother) that the liklihood of him dying young was very high. His heart ailment, the result of a secondary infection, was really a serious one.  The advice back then was to limit physical activity and exposure to infection.  His obvious ferocious appetite for life may have been in defiance of this diagnosis or, an attempt to pack in as much living as possible.LiPollis 11:35, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

inappropriate -- and odd -- punctuation
What's with all of the quotation marks? Check out this passage from the article and explain to me why the words "insisted," "hard sell," and "request" are in quotation marks. If the words are meant ironically, the author is very unclear: At the Copacabana he "insisted" that a black comic (Nipsey Russell) be his opening act. This was a very "hard sell" in the era of NYC night club segregation. However considering he had set the attendance mark (eclipsing Frank Sinatra) his "request" was grudgingly granted — Preceding unsigned comment added by Minaker (talk • contribs) 23:16, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree. I saw those and removed them as being inappropriate punctuation for an encyclopedia. Then I saw that you'd noticed the same thing. Inter lingua  talk email 06:44, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

Trivia and discography
1. I removed these from trivia, because although "Beyond the Sea" is certainly associated with Bobby Darin, he didn't write  (or translate) the song as far as I can see.

 * >>> He didn't, but have you noticed that all of the other versions shown here, use the same ARRANGEMENT as the Darin recording, therefore they should have been left in.<<<

I think it makes sense to include in "trivia" instances when Darin's recording of songs are used in movies, etc, but not when someone else's  re-recording  of songs that he sang but didn't write are in movies. It appears that these are new recordings of songs associated with Darin but not written by him, so would be best placed in articles about the songs, if those exist. (There is one for "Beyond the Sea".) But maybe someone knows that Darin's recordings were also used in these movies - if so, they should be put back. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.144.38.45 (talk) 15:47, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

 * "Beyond the Sea" is performed by Robbie Williams in the closing credits to the 2003 Disney/Pixar Film Finding Nemo
 * "Beyond the Sea" is performed by the Neo-Swing band Royal Crown Revue on their 1998 album "Mugsy's Move"

2. These two weren't clear - the Beyond the Sea (song) says that Ewan Macgregor sang it in the first film; no information about the second.
 * "Beyond the Sea" was played in the film, A Life Less Ordinary, starring Ewan MacGregor and Cameron Diaz
 * "Beyond the Sea" was played in the film French Kiss, starring Meg Ryan

3. These songs aren't even listed in Darin's discography, so I wasnt sure what to do with them - are their appearances in American Beauty Bobby Darin's recordings? If so, they would go back in. And also, were they singles? If so, when released and they should be added to Discography.
 * "Call me Irresponsible", "Don't Rain On My Parade", "As Long As I'm Singing" and "Where Love Has Gone" are played in the film, American Beauty starring Kevin Spacey
 * They were Darin songs. Check with people before you remove things please. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.144.38.45 (talk) 15:46, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

4.Discography is not at all complete - if anyone reading this has the energy, it would be nice to have it complete- his fansites probably have a more complete one; also someone might check the filmography --Tvoz 22:57, 6 November 2006 (UTC) 5. In the UK the B-side of "Clementine" on London HLK-9086 was "Down With Love". I bought this 45 rpm record in 1960 and still have it in my collection. I believe that "Tall Story" was released in the UK on London as the B-side of "Bill Bailey, Won't You Please Come Home". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.93.168.68 (talk) 06:02, 1 September 2012 (UTC)

External Links for this article
I recently added several external links on the Bobby Darin page and they were removed for various policy reasons. I would suggest that these links are both valuable to those seeking information about Bobby Darin and relevant to the article.

I added my own site, http://darinland.com, and it was removed because it is my own site. While it is the stated policy of Wikipedia that one should not post links to sites they are affiliated with, I think that this site should be posted, for the following reason: It contains further information on Bobby Darin. Some of this information is unique to the site, particularly the new interviews with people who worked with or were friends of Darin. In these interviews, the subjects discuss their experiences working with Bobby, provide important background information about Bobby's career, etc.

I also provided a link to http://darintodream.com, a site I am not associated with. This site also contains information about Bobby Darin, including historical info, reviews of his works, and other relevant content.

I posted a link to official site for the DarinFest Fan Gathering in Las Vegas, http://darinlifetimeevents07.org. I am not associated with this gathering in any way. The guests of honor at this gathering include many of the people who worked with Darin during his career, and so again, it is an important resource and an opportunity for those interested in Darin to find out more about him and his work.

I am also disappointed that Wikipedia would also consider posting a link to a Bobby Darin Discussion Group inappropriate, as it is groups like the one I posted where people get new insights into Bobby and his career, and make contact with others who grew up attending his performances, and who therefore can offer a first person history of the man and his artistic contributions. --DarinLand dotcom 18:06, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

In the following section: "Darin married Andrea Yeager in June of 1973. She was not from show business, and Bobby felt that she loved him for who he was, not for his image. In 1972, he starred in his own television variety show on NBC, The Bobby Darin Amusement Company, which ran for two years. He made TV guest appearances and also remained a top draw at Las Vegas, where due to his poor health, he was often administered oxygen after his performances." there is link on "Andrea Yeager" that directs the reader to the tennis player Andrea Yeager's bio. This not the same Andrea Joy Yeager that Bobby Darin married. Andrea Yeager the tennis pro was only 8 years old in June of 1973. The link to the Andrea Yeager tennis page should be removed.Sea Wolf 03:31, 8 July 2007 (UTC)

the article also claims that the Darin biopic depicts Sandra Dee visiting him in the hospital at he time of his death. The movie does not depict Darin's death at all.

Yes it does. It is right after he is carried out of the night club, and she is led with him. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.144.38.45 (talk) 15:45, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

NO, it doesn't. He is carried out of the nightclub to the hospital. The final scene of him is in the hospital room, with Sandra lying beside him and holding him. - DG —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.242.225.72 (talk) 03:11, 1 February 2010 (UTC)

Discography
I did some work on fleshing out the discography, adding all of his albums with their respective dates. I also added dates to album and single entries where they were missing, and put it all in chronological order. I removed an entry for "A Simple Song of Freedom" as an album, as Bobby did not have an album with this title. Perhaps this was a confusion with the Tim Hardin collection, "Simple Songs of Freedom." Hardin wrote "If I Were a Carpenter," which Bobby recorded, and Hardin recorded Bobby's song, "Simple Song of Freedom."

Just a note on the graphic in the discography section: The caption refers to the "In a Broadway Bag" album as a collection. It was not. "Broadway Bag" was a legitimate album. DarinLand dotcom — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.255.103.22 (talk) 05:33, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Article style
1)Lots of redundancy in the article 2)The language is too informal. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Javabeanrush (talk • contribs) 08:20, 29 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Good points. How do you propose we alter it? Better yet, be bold and edit away. --Rkitko (talk) 08:47, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * It reads more like a biography than a factual encyclopedia article. An example is: "Polly actually mothered him well, considering that her own medical history had bequeathed her an addiction to morphine. It was Polly who took the young Bobby to what was left of the old vaudeville circuit in New York..."Landroo (talk) 20:56, 3 August 2009 (UTC)
 * This would be embarrassing in a fan magazine. If anyone cares enough about the subject, go ahead and overhaul it.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.127.236.173 (talk) 13:57, 4 August 2009 (UTC)

 * The style of the following is so informal that it becomes confusing, with difficulties in tense and number: In 1986, director Barry Levinson intended to direct a film based on Darin's life, and had begun preproduction on the project by early 1997. He abandoned the project, the rights to which were subsequently bought by actor Kevin Spacey, along with Darin's son, Dodd.

It reads as if at some point prior to, or in, the year, 1986, it was stated that Barry Levinson was to direct a movie during that year, which then was delayed for some reason, and only entered pre-production over a decade later in 1997. At an unspecified time he abandoned the project, at which point Spacey purchased both the film rights, and Bobby Darin’s son (which seems unlikely). Does it mean that in 1986, Barry Levinson stated his intention to direct a biopic, and then after a decade of delays, and in the pre-production stage, he cancelled the project, the rights to which were purchased by Kevin Spacey and Dodd Darin? Jock123 (talk) 15:21, 1 September 2014 (UTC)

No mention of Darin recording as the Rinky Dinks?
He recorded "Early in the Morning" under this moniker after cutting "Splish Splash." ۝ ۞ ░ 06:01, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Actually, no he didn't. He recorded it before Splish Splash, and was released on Decca as "The Ding Dongs" After he recorded Splish Splash, Ahmet Ertugen re-released on Atlantic under the new name "The Rinky Dinks" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.144.38.45 (talk) 15:44, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

No photo?
There isn't a single uncopyrighted image out there of Bobby Darin? If not, can we ASK someone for permission to post the image here?

cs302b —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.176.136.25 (talk) 10:13, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

Citations & References
See Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the  tags Nhl4hamilton (talk) 04:32, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

Bot report : Found duplicate references !
In the last revision I edited, I found duplicate named references, i.e. references sharing the same name, but not having the same content. Please check them, as I am not able to fix them automatically :) DumZiBoT (talk) 14:18, 8 August 2008 (UTC)
 * "tv-bio" :
 * Biography: Bobby Darin, The Biography Channel. Retrieved August 12 2007. Also mentioned in the Bobby Darin episode of the Biography series.
 * 1st paragraph of Biography sketch.

x-files/millennium
There's an episode of the X-Files named after the song "Beyond The Sea", in which Bobby Darin's version is played. In the series Millennium, also by the makers of the X-Files, Bobby Darin's songs are frequently played, as he's the main character's favourite singer. I thought this should be mentioned in the article, but I've never done anything more than correcting typos on wikipedia and I don't really know how to go about it, IF this is a good idea in the first place... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hv85 (talk • contribs) 12:50, 30 December 2008 (UTC)

Sing365
I have removed the citation to sing365.com That site is not a reliable source for biographies. Anyone can submit a biography, and they merely host it up. The submitter does not need any credentials or experience.Wjhonson (talk) 10:30, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

Haruth's edits
Why has haruth removed a lot of material from the radio documentary on Darin's life, and mindlessly dismissed this as 'fancruft' ? just made the article less informative imo. example - from the documentary - 'he was taken to see sophie tucker -whom he admired ' - fancruft? or something that builds the narrative of the article? i dunno. just made it less informative and blander haruth. Sayerslle (talk) 12:58, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Most of my cleanup was to remove poorly referenced, trivia. I may have inadvertently removed some material of worth in the process. Goodfaith edits, but I really don't care that much either way. I would prefer that if you were to reintroduce any of the material, that it be worded in a more encyclopedic manner, and that verifiable references be added, rather than the rather vague allusion to a documentary which no-one is able to access to confirm the assertions made. Not even on my watchlist, but the article has a tendency to appear from time to time in various cleanup categories which brings me back to it. Everyone is free to add as they choose. Please carry on and "un-bland it"... :-) Best wishes --Haruth (talk) 14:48, 20 March 2012 (UTC)
 * everyone is free to add as they choose but it takes up time to restore the material that has been mindlessly deleted- the  documentary was BBC Radio2, narrated by Tim Rice, and the ref was just straightforward saying 100% exactly that- what is 'rather vague allusion' about that? - whats 'rather vague' is you more like. 'I really don't care much - ' -bloody right. well leave it alone then :-) Sayerslle (talk) 15:17, 20 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Sayerslle, simply add the material back. If you feel the version prior to mine was encyclopedic and passes the standards established for Wikipedia, simply revert it. That is all that I meant by I don't care that much either way - I have no vested interest in maintaining the article one way or the other, other than trying to make it a better article per Wikipedia's standards. If you don't feel that I have achieved that, you are perfectly capable, and welcomed to, edit it to what you consider a better standard. There really is no need for such aggressive, defensive posturing. Best wishes --Haruth (talk) 15:31, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

Intend to edit backgorund information RE subejct's paternity and ethnic heritage
No mention is made of the subject’s father. If such is unknown, then how can he be said to be of 75% Italian heritage? The 75% figure leads me be believe that his father was known and of pure Italian heritage. If so, why no mention of him even if he never married the subject’s mother?HistoryBuff14 (talk) 21:35, 6 June 2013 (UTC)
 * Okay, I found several sources stating that Darin’s mother never revealed who the father of her son was, not even to him. Therefore, stating that the subject is “75% Italian” is purely speculative rather than factual.  If no one objects, I shall edit the background information presently adding that his father is unknown and remove the 75% Italian bit. Please advise if anyone does object and state why.  Thank you.HistoryBuff14 (talk) 13:25, 7 June 2013 (UTC)

Grandmother, not grandparents
Twice in this article - once in the lead, once later - the article says Darin was "raised by his maternal grandparents".

Then it says, "His maternal grandfather, Saverio Antonio 'Big Sam Curly' Cassotto (born January 26, 1882), was of Italian descent and a wannabe mobster, who died in prison from pneumonia a year before Darin's birth."

Therefore, Darin wasn't raised by his "grandparents", but rather by his grandmother. I've changed the article to reflect this. If I'm in error, please correct and explain. Thanks. --Seduisant (talk) 03:53, 8 April 2015 (UTC)

Birth date
Right or wrong? The L.A. Times has May 18 as birthday ? --Sister Ray (talk) 06:03, 19 May 2015 (UTC)

Source of stage name
The story of Walden Cassotto's discovery of his stage name, Darin, was given in the movie "Beyond the Sea" as:
 * He had been puzzling over how he could make it big as a singer with a name like Walden Cassotto. He and friends were eating and drinking in Chinatown in New York City.  He looked up sotted and, in that stupor, he saw a broken neon sign for a Chinese restaurant serving 'Mandarin' cuisine, but the first three letters of 'Mandarin' were blanked out.  Thus, he just 'knew' that 'Darin' was to be his new name, which would catapult him to the heights. MaynardClark (talk) 06:59, 19 May 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Don Kirshner
The article identifies Don Kirshner as a fellow Bronx High School of Science Student. The Wikipedia article on Mr. Kirshner says he was a graduated of George Washington High School. Which is correct? Abenr (talk) 16:24, 24 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Good catch. Unsourced here and Times obit of Kirshner says they met at a candy store in Washington Heights. Coretheapple (talk) 18:06, 24 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090731140434/http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biography_story/229%3A106/1/Bobby_Darin.htm to http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biography_story/229%3A106/1/Bobby_Darin.htm

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Mack the Knife
Is it fair to call this song a Darin song? I think not. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mack_the_Knife#Popular_song — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.86.90.39 (talk) 16:24, 27 July 2017 (UTC)

Rock and Roll Heaven
"Songwriter Alan O'Day alluded to Darin and his recording of 'Mack the Knife' in the song 'Rock and Roll Heaven' (made a hit by the Righteous Brothers), a tribute to dead musicians, which O'Day wrote shortly after Darin's death."

Impossible. O'Day wrote the song way before 20 December 1973, the date of Darin's death. Page 9 of the 14 July 1973 edition of Billboard acknowledged the song's existence in an advertisement for the original version of the song, performed by Climax.98.149.97.245 (talk) 22:46, 7 January 2022 (UTC)

Sam Terricco (sic)
claims regarding an additional offspring need include caveat regarding it being vigorously disputed and sourced problematically. Saintstephen000 (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 20:14, 1 September 2022 (UTC)

Sam Tallerico
Someone's trying to insert:
 * In the summer of 1957, while performing in Detroit, Darin met a waitress named Lillian Sweet, who secretly gave birth to the singer's child. The baby was adopted as an infant and named Sam Tallerico.

I dunno what the first source says, but the second is completely unacceptable; "Lulu" is a self-publisher. Extraordinary claims need extraordinarily good sources. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 22:23, 1 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Reverted one insertion because the author of the 2nd article is the actual guy - original research and clear non-NPOV - therefore my assumption is the 1st book would be dubious as well. Ckruschke (talk) 18:33, 6 September 2022 (UTC)Ckruschke
 * As a compromise, maybe the claim could be phrased in the subjective?
 * As in, mention it as a possibility ("may have fathered a second child"), at least until better sources can be found. 2600:4040:96F4:8A00:DEA:C99B:AE8E:B475 (talk) 08:43, 1 April 2023 (UTC)
 * I'm seeing that the account (TruthAboutDarin), who is wanting to add the section on this speculative child, is being rather persistent about retaining their non-NPOV, dubiously sourced information on this page. I'll be on here every few days to help ensure the sanctity of the article, but are there any means we can use to combat them outside of simple reversions of their edits? Apologies, for the nitty-gritty of Wikipedia is rather foreign to me -- although I am learning! 68.52.208.95 (talk) 06:30, 17 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Obviously not very persistent. Hasn't even tried for six months. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 15:07, 1 April 2023 (UTC)
 * A Google search of the Starr book shows no hits for "Lillian" or "Tallerico" - David Gerard (talk) 15:17, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bobby Darin


text:
USS Hopkins

USS Hopkins has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, named in honor of Commodore Esek Hopkins, and may refer to:

 * USS Hopkins (DD-6), a destroyer in commission from 1903 to 1919
 * USS Hopkins (SP-3294), a patrol vessel in commission from 1918 to 1920
 * USS Hopkins (DD-249), a destroyer commissioned in 1921, converted into a fast minesweeper in 1939, and decommissioned in 1945

title: USS Hopkins


text:
Al McDonald

Al McDonald is a politician in Ontario, Canada, who was mayor of North Bay, Ontario from 2010 to 2022. He was previously a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 2002 to 2003, and ran unsuccessfully for the Conservative Party of Canada in the 2004 federal election.

Background
McDonald was born in Marville, France.

Politics
McDonald was politically active on North Bay City Council before entering provincial politics, serving as the deputy mayor of that city for a time. He also served on the North Bay Economic Development Commission, the North Bay Police Services Board, and other local programs.

When former Premier Mike Harris resigned as the member for Nipissing in early 2002, McDonald won the Progressive Conservative nomination to replace him. In a by-election held on May 2, 2002, he defeated Liberal candidate George Maroosis, also a city councillor, by 19 votes, as confirmed by a recount. McDonald served as a backbench supporter of new Premier Ernie Eves.

His tenure in office was brief. The Liberals won a majority government in the provincial election of 2003, and McDonald lost his seat to Liberal candidate Monique Smith by about 3,000 votes.

In the federal election of 2004, McDonald ran for the Conservatives in the redistributed riding of Nipissing—Timiskaming, but lost to Liberal Anthony Rota by 2,253 votes.

On August 26, 2010 McDonald announced his intention to run for mayor of North Bay in the 2010 municipal election. He won 87 per cent of the vote on election day over challengers Valerie Chadbourne and Harvey Villneff. He was elected to a second term as mayor in the 2014 municipal election.

title: Al McDonald


text:
Pepsi Challenge

The Pepsi Challenge is an ongoing marketing promotion run by PepsiCo since 1975. It is also the name of a cross country ski race at Giant's Ridge Ski Area in Biwabik, Minnesota, an event sponsored by Pepsi.

Method
The challenge originally took the form of a single blind taste test. At malls, shopping centers, and other public locations, a Pepsi representative sets up a table with two white cups: one containing Pepsi and one with Coca-Cola. Shoppers are encouraged to taste both colas and then select which drink they prefer. Then the representative reveals the two bottles so the taster can see whether they preferred Coke or Pepsi. The results of the test leaned toward a consensus that Pepsi was preferred by more Americans. The Pepsi Challenge has been featured in much of Pepsi's TV advertising.

History
The challenge launched in 1975, as part of the ongoing Cola wars between Pepsi and The Coca-Cola Company. In his book Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking (2005), author Malcolm Gladwell presents evidence that suggests Pepsi's success over Coca-Cola in the "Pepsi Challenge" is a result of the flawed nature of the "sip test" method. His research shows that tasters will generally prefer the sweeter of two beverages based on a single sip, even if they prefer a less sweet beverage over the course of an entire can. Additionally, the challenge more often than not labeled the Pepsi cup with an "M" and the Coca-Cola cup with a "Q," suggesting letter preference may drive some of the results. Donald M. Kendall of Pepsi promoted the Pepsi Challenge.

When the preference in blind tests is compared to tests wherein cups are labeled with arbitrary labels (e.g., S or L) or brand names, the ratings of preference change. Scientific findings do support a perceptible difference between Coca-Cola and Pepsi, but not between Pepsi and RC Cola.

In his book Bad Habits, humorist Dave Barry describes the Pepsi challenge as, "Pepsi’s ongoing misguided attempt to convince the general public that Coke and Pepsi are not the same thing, which of course they are."

In 2015, Pepsi relaunched the Pepsi Challenge on social media. As part of this year long promotion, Pepsi signed various celebrity ambassadors to advertise their product on their social media accounts under the hashtag #PepsiChallenge.

Contest
In 1981, Pepsi ran a "Pepsi Challenge Payoff" contest that would hand out a large prize to anyone who could gather Pepsi bottle caps that spelled out the word “Challenge".

title: Pepsi Challenge


text:
1957 West German federal election

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 15 September 1957 to elect the members of the third Bundestag. The Christian Democratic Union and its longtime ally, the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, won a sweeping victory, taking 270 seats in the Bundestag to win the first – and to date, only – absolute majority for a single German parliamentary group in a free election.

This was the first West German federal election to take place in the Saarland, which – as Saar protectorate – had been a separate entity under French control between 1946 and 1956.

Economy
Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer had some solid advantages over his Social Democratic Party (SPD) opponent, Erich Ollenhauer; West Germany had become fully sovereign in 1955 and The Law on Pension Reform (backdated to 1 January 1957) was enormously popular when passed in the spring of 1957, while the economy had been growing on average 7% per year since 1953 in part due to young, skilled and highly educated workers immigrating from East Germany keeping productivity high and earnings growth low. West Germany had joined the European Economic Community in March 1957. Its economy was growing steadily with very low unemployment, and most West Germans felt more prosperous and more secure than in 1949 or 1953.

Defence
Although Adenauer had said that he would confine the Bundeswehr to conventional weapons, on 5 April he said "Tactical atomic weapons are nothing but the further development of artillery... it goes without saying that... we cannot dispense with having them for our troops... we must follow suit and have these new types – they are, after all, practically normal weapons." On 12 April eighteen physicists from the Max Planck Institute released the Göttingen Manifesto calling on West Germany to not produce, test or use nuclear weapons. Adenauer at first tried to brush the matter aside, but under heavy criticism from the press decided instead to meet with five of the physicists in Bonn. After a seven-hour meeting a joint communique was issued saying "The Federal Republic will not produce its own nuclear weapons, and consequently the Federal Government has no reason to approach German nuclear scientists about their participation in the development of nuclear weapons." The row continued, having been fuelled by an aggressive note from the Soviet Union in April and ended at the NATO Spring conference in May. Ultimately the row was too far away from the election itself to damage a surprisingly healthy looking Adenauer's prospects.

Results
The All-German Bloc lost all of their seats, but the ideologically similar German Party maintained theirs. The 1957 election was the last time that a right-wing populist party would return members to the Bundestag until Alternative for Germany's entrance in 2017. The election also marked the last time until 1990 that any party other than CDU/CSU or SPD won any constituency seats.

Aftermath
Konrad Adenauer led the CDU-CSU coalition to a landslide victory. The CDU-CSU won an outright majority—to date, the only time a German party has been elected to a majority government in a free election (the CDU and CSU sit as a single bloc in the Bundestag).

title: 1957 West German federal election


text: User talk:68.4.132.179

title: User talk:68.4.132.179


text:
Janusz I the Old

Janusz I of Warsaw (pl: Janusz I warszawski), also known as Janusz I the Old (pl: Janusz I Starszy) (c. 1347/52 – 8 December 1429), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch, from 1373/74 Duke of Warsaw and after the division of the paternal inheritance between him and his brother in 1381, ruler over Nur, Łomża, Liw, Ciechanów, Wyszogród and Zakroczym. In addition, he was a vassal of the Polish Kingdom since 1391 for the fief of Podlachia (only during his lifetime).

He was the eldest son of Siemowit III, Duke of Masovia and his first wife Euphemia, daughter of Nicholas II of Opava. Due to an error of chronicler Jan Długosz was previously assumed that Janusz I was born c. 1329, and it wasn't until modern time that this date could be corrected until a much later one, c. 1346. Evidence of this fact was that only in 1373/74 he received his own duchy (with its capital in Warsaw).

As the result of the partition of Masovia between him and his younger brother Siemowit IV after the death of their father on 16 June 1381, Janusz I finally obtain the totally of his domains: Warsaw, Nur, Łomża, Liw, Ciechanów, Wyszogród and Zakroczym.

Policy with the Kingdom of Poland
In this area, Janusz I faithfully maintained a close cooperation with the successive Polish rulers: Louis of Anjou, Jadwiga and Władysław II Jagiełło. One expression of this were the three homages performed by him in the years 1373, 1383 and 1387. In this way, Janusz I was directly opposed to the policy of his brother Siemowit IV, who tried to take advantage of the difficulties in the Angevin dynasty and wanted to obtain the Polish crown for himself. After the death of King Louis of Poland and Hungary, Janusz I recognized the rights of Jadwiga to the Polish crown. To this end, in 1383 he went to Buda, where he offered support forces, in return for which he received a salary of 24,000 florins per year taken from the salt mines of Bochnia. His pro-Angevin policies soon caused that Janusz would be protected from the army of the future Sigismund of Luxemburg, the future Holy Roman Emperor, in his way to rescue his future wife Mary, Queen of Hungary and Jadwiga's sister.

Policy towards Lithuania and seizure of Podlachia
The preference for the Polish interests in Władysław II Jagiełło in detriment of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania caused a civil war between him and his uncle Kęstutis. Janusz I took advantage of this situation in 1382 to capture the towns of Podlachia and Drohiczyn, claiming them as a part of the dowry of his wife Danutė (a daughter of Kęstutis), with he had married around 1371/73. This acquisition, however, wasn't permanent, because later in that year, the Polish King, after finally defeated his uncle, managed to recover this lands. Janusz I, not wanting to further complicated the situation, received with extreme coldness the fugitive Vytautas, despite being his brother-in-law, and after his refusal to accept baptism sent him to the Teutonic Knights.

The relations between Władysław II Jagiełło and Janusz I where repaired only in 1387, when the Duke of Warsaw after the election of Władysław II as King of Poland, formally recognized him recognized and then took part in the royal trip to Vilnius, the first step of the Christianization of Lithuania. His good relations with Władysław II where became even more notorious in 1389 during a visit of Vytautas to Masovia, during which Janusz I, in the middle of a feast, declined a golden cup offered to him by Vytautas, which was considered as an insult. On 2 September 1391 Władysław II Jagiełło formally gave Janusz I the previously disputed lands of Podlachia and Drohiczyn in perpetuity, and with them he also received the towns of Mielnik, Bielsk Podlaski and Suraż ("terram nostram Drohiczensen, Melnyk, Surasz, Byelsko ac omnibus villis in eisdem districtubus").

Policy towards the Teutonic Knights
The friendly relations between Janusz I and Władysław II Jagiełło caused a permanent state of hostility between Masovia from the Teutonic Order. In 1393, and for unknown reasons, Janusz I was captured during a visit to the border castle in Złotoria near Narew by the komturs of Balga and Ragnit and imprisoned at Malbork Castle by orders of the Grand Master, Konrad von Jungingen. Probably with this actions they wanted to provoke the Polish for war with the Order. As a result of the intervention of Władysław II Jagiełło, who sent deputies to the Teutonic Knights, Janusz I was released. In 1404 the Knights again captured Janusz I, this time with his wife and sons, and kept them in Saxony. Again, only the intervention of the Polish King could release them.

In August 1409 the komturs of Ostróda and Pokarmin invaded Janusz's domains. In retaliation, Janusz I's son Bolesław destroyed Działdowo and 14 surrounding villages. Between 1409-1411 Janusz I continued his support to Władysław II Jagiełło in the great war against the Teutonic Order and fielded a banner of cavalry to aid the Polish King. In the village of Czerwińsk nad Wisłą, Janusz I designated the place of concentration of the united Polish-Lithuanian army. From there him, at the head his army organized their squadrons of knights and went to Grunwald, where on 15 July 1410 took place the battle. Janusz I then participated in the rest of the campaign. Władysław II, as way to recompensate his fidelity, give to him the Teutonic castles of Nidzica, Ostróda and Olsztyn. However, this acquisitions weren't permanent, because seven months later (1 February 1411) after the sign of the Peace of Thorn, he was forced to return the castles to the Teutonic Order.

When in 1414 another war broke out with the Teutonic Knights (the called Hunger War), Janusz I again decided to support the King. This time, however, probably because of his advanced age, he didn't participated directly in the campaign but send his son Bolesław.

Internal policy and reforms
In domestic politics, Janusz I took a thorough reform of the economic policies of the principality given the German Kulm law to 24 cities including Czersk (1383), Ciechanów (1400), Różan (1403), Warsaw New Town (1408), Drohiczyn (1408), Łomża (1418), Grójec (1419), Maków Mazowiecki and Mińsk Mazowiecki (1421), Kolno and Tykocin (1425), Przasnysz and Ostrołęka (1427) and Kamieńczyk (1428). An extremely important step took place in 1406, when he moved his capital from Czersk to newly developing strategic town of Warsaw and actively worked to develop his towns, fortified his castles and strongholds. A clear sign of this develop was the creation of a Collegiate at St. John Church and the build of a castle (who was later known as the oldest part of the future Royal Palace). Among the most notorious castles fortified during this time are the former capital Czersk, Liw and Ciechanów.

Marriage and issue
Around 23 November 1371/73, Janusz I married the Lithuanian princess Danutė (c. 1358 - c. 24 November 1424) -who in baptism took the name Ana-, a daughter of Kęstutis and sister of Vytautas, both Dukes of Trakai and Grand Dukes of Lithuania; in consequence, she was a first-cousin of the later King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland (born Jogaila, son of Algirdas, a brother of Kęstutis). The union produced at least four children:
 * Daughter (Olga?) (1373/76 - c. 8 December 1401), who married firstly in 1388 to Voivode Petru I of Moldavia and secondly with the Moldavian magnate Wilczę.
 * Janusz (1376/81 - c. 18 October 1422).
 * Bolesław (1385/86 - c. 4 May 1424).
 * Konrad (c. 1400 - 9 December 1412/13).

Janusz I survived all his children and passed, by testament, his domains to his eldest surviving grandson, Bolesław IV (son of the second son, Bolesław).

He died on 8 December 1429 at Czersk, and was buried at St. John's Archcathedral, Warsaw.

title: Janusz I the Old


text:
Zyras

Zyras is a genus of beetles in the family Staphylinidae.

Species
These 113 species belong to the genus Zyras:

 * Zyras abacus Dvorak, 1984
 * Zyras adulescens (Pace, 1987)
 * Zyras alboantennatus Pace, 1986
 * Zyras alboterminalis Pace, 2008
 * Zyras alternans (Cameron, 1925)
 * Zyras angkoricola Pace, 2004
 * Zyras bartolozzii Pace, 2003
 * Zyras basilewskyi Last, 1956
 * Zyras beijingensis Pace, 1993
 * Zyras benenensis Pace, 2001
 * Zyras birmanus Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras biroi Last, 1980
 * Zyras bonus Last, 1977
 * Zyras bramtonus Last, 1962
 * Zyras britannorum Pace, 1992
 * Zyras bryanti Cameron, 1943
 * Zyras castaneus (Motschulsky, 1861)
 * Zyras championi Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras chinkiangensis Bernhauer, 1939
 * Zyras chumphonensis Pace, 2004
 * Zyras collaris (Paykull, 1789)
 * Zyras coloratus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras condignus Last, 1969
 * Zyras conjectus Last, 1960
 * Zyras cultus Last, 1960
 * Zyras cylindricornis Dvorak, 1981
 * Zyras daiaccorum Pace, 2008
 * Zyras distinctus Bierig, 1937
 * Zyras drescheri Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras drugmandi Pace, 2004
 * Zyras elegantulus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras exasperatus Schubert, 1908
 * Zyras facundus Last, 1969
 * Zyras ferrugineiventris Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras ferrugineus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras fl avorufus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras fratrumkadooriorum Pace, 1998
 * Zyras fugax (Sharp, 1888)
 * Zyras fulgidus (Gravenhorst, 1806)
 * Zyras fustigans Pace, 2000
 * Zyras gardneri Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras geminus (Kraatz, 1859)
 * Zyras glabricollis Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras gratellus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras hastatus Fauvel, 1904
 * Zyras hauserianus Bernhauer, 1933
 * Zyras haworthi (Stephens, 1832)
 * Zyras hirsutiventris (Champion, 1927)
 * Zyras hirsutus Cameron, 1943
 * Zyras hirtus (Kraatz, 1859)
 * Zyras hongkongensis Pace, 1999
 * Zyras illecebrosus Last, 1982
 * Zyras indicus Cameron, 1944
 * Zyras iridescens (Sawada, 1970)
 * Zyras kambaitiensis Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras kinabaluensis Pace, 2008
 * Zyras kraatzi Schubert, 1908
 * Zyras louwerensi Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras maculipennis Gridelli, 1921
 * Zyras malaisei Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras manjushri Pace, 1992
 * Zyras matangensis Cameron, 1943
 * Zyras montanus (Bernhauer, 1915)
 * Zyras mortuorum Pace, 1990
 * Zyras morvani Pace, 1986
 * Zyras mutarensis Pace, 1996
 * Zyras nakuruensis Pace, 1996
 * Zyras nigerrimus Cameron, 1943
 * Zyras nigritus Last, 1980
 * Zyras nigroaeneus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras nilgiriensis Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras nitens Cameron, 1944
 * Zyras notaticornis Pace, 1998
 * Zyras obliquus (Casey, 1893) i c g b
 * Zyras optatus (Sharp, 1888)
 * Zyras optimus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras paecesanus Pace, 1997
 * Zyras paederinus Pace, 2008
 * Zyras pallipes Pace, 1992
 * Zyras pallipyga Pace, 2008
 * Zyras papuanus Pace, 2000
 * Zyras parageminus Pace, 1988
 * Zyras particornis (Sharp, 1888)
 * Zyras perforatus (Champion, 1921)
 * Zyras pervariolosus Pace, 2008
 * Zyras pictus (Sharp, 1874)
 * Zyras pindarae (Champion, 1921)
 * Zyras planctos Last, 1977
 * Zyras planifer (Casey, 1893) i c g
 * Zyras preangeranus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras proximus Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras pseudobirmanus Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras punctipennis Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras punctus Last, 1967
 * Zyras quadriterminalis Pace, 2008
 * Zyras quasar Dvorak, 1996
 * Zyras restitutus Pace, 1993
 * Zyras rudis (LeConte, 1866) i c g b
 * Zyras rufescens Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras rufi cauda Cameron, 1939
 * Zyras semiasperatus Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras seminigerrimus Bernhauer, 1933
 * Zyras setosipennis Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras setosivestis Scheerpeltz, 1965
 * Zyras shaanxiensis Pace, 1998
 * Zyras shiva Pace, 1987
 * Zyras sibiricus Bernhauer, 1914
 * Zyras song Pace, 1993
 * Zyras songanus Pace, 1993
 * Zyras tambachensis Pace, 1996
 * Zyras thaiorum Pace, 1986
 * Zyras variolatus Pace, 2003
 * Zyras wei Pace, 1993

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net

title: Zyras


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vicky (The Fairly OddParents)

Vicky (The Fairly OddParents)
Delete: This character already has a much more detailed section at this wikipedia article, and in its current state does not justify an article of its own. Coolgamer 03:03, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I don't see why SpongeBob SquarePants characters can have their own individual pages and not Fairly OddParents characters. Marcus2 16:08, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Also, I have moved information from the Fairly OddParents page to this page listed for deletion. Marcus2 17:13, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, fancruft. Individual characters should not have their own articles unless they are particularly notable and/or their chunk of the main article has grown unwieldy. —tregoweth 21:01, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * The latest update seems to improve the article quite a bit... but the reference to a "hoozoo" profile leads me to believe that most of the new information was ripped directly from another site, making this a copyright issue. However, I can't locate the source page in question, and since it's alrady up for deletion, I won't bother... Coolgamer 18:48, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Trim and merge and redirect to some page of The Fairly OddParents. Same could probably be said for Spongebob. Bad articles do not set precedents for more bad articles. More fancruft. -R. fiend 08:18, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I think it's easier for every character to have its own seperate article. By the way, maybe an editor will come along and take some information from the Hoo-Zoo Profile and mold it into the article. Marcus2 22:48, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm looking for the best solution, not the easiest. The article is already littered with irrelevancies; no more additions are needed. -R. fiend 22:52, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete it. I'd never heard of the character before happening on the article. --Wtshymanski 01:50, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)