text:
Joe Cain

Joseph Stillwell Cain Jr. (October 10, 1832 – April 17, 1904) was an American Confederate military veteran largely credited with initiating the modern way of observing Mardi Gras and its celebrations in Mobile, Alabama, following the Civil War.

In 1868, while Mobile was still under Union occupation, Joe Cain paraded through the streets of Mobile, dressed in improvised costume as a fictional "Chickasaw" chief named Slacabamorinico. The choice was an attempt to insult to U.S. Army forces in that it was believed by some that the Chickasaw tribe had never been defeated in war.

Joe was joined at some point by six other Confederate veterans, parading in a decorated coal wagon, playing drums and horns, and the group became the "L. C. Minstrel Band", now commonly referred to as the "Lost Cause Minstrels" of Mobile.

Life and work
Joseph Stillwell Cain, Jr. was born on October 10, 1832, along Dauphin Street in Mobile, Alabama. He married Elizabeth Alabama Rabby. He helped to organize the T.D.S. (Tea Drinker's Society), one of Mobile's mystic societies, in 1846; however, their banquets were part of Mobile's New Year's Eve celebrations, rather than being held on Mardi Gras day. Other groups had developed Mardi Gras parades, but the Civil War had brought them to a halt.

Cain was in New Orleans in 1867 for the Fireman's Day parade. He stayed over until the next day which was Mardi Gras that year, saw the celebration in the streets, and he returned to Mobile determined to revive the spirits of the citizens and to create a similar celebration of Mardi Gras for the people. He conceived the fictional character of Chief Slacabamorinico ("slaka-BAM orin-ah-CO") while he was the city clerk at the city market.

Dressed in costume with a plaid brad skirt and feathered headdress, Cain paraded through the city streets on a Tuesday in 1868, celebrating the day in front of the citizens of the city and Union Army troops.

A band of fellow Confederate veterans (including Thomas Burke, Rutledge Parham, John Payne, John Bohanan, Barney O'Rourke, and John Maguire) later accompanied Joe Cain as "Old Slac" riding through town on a decorated coal wagon, playing horns and drums, parading and celebrating. The group became known as the "Lost Cause Minstrels Band" in Mobile.

The first appearance of Joe Cain occurred the afternoon in the same year as the evening parade of the Order of Myths (OOM), the final parade each year.. Joe Cain was one of the founders of the New Year's Eve mystic society the T.D.S., and he built a tradition of Mardi Gras parades.

Joe Cain, who had played Old Slac until 1879, died in 1904 and was buried in the fishing village of Bayou La Batre (Alabama). Julian Lee "Judy" Rayford arranged to have Joe Cain reburied in Mobile's Church Street Graveyard in 1966, and he established Joe Cain Day in 1967 by walking at the head of a jazz funeral down Government Street to the cemetery.

Joe Cain's wife, Elizabeth Alabama Rabby Cain, died 3 years later, in 1907 at Bayou La Batre, and she is also re-buried, beside him. Joe and Elizabeth are two of the few, if only, people known to have been buried three times as both bodies were moved after the re-interment in the old Church Street Graveyard the following year to be nearer to his parents' graves.

Gravesite
Joe Cain is buried in the Church Street Graveyard in downtown Mobile, Alabama. His gravestone carries the inscription:

Joe Cain Day

The Sunday before Fat Tuesday, Joe Cain Day is celebrated as part of the scheduled Mardi Gras celebrations in Mobile, with its center being the Joe Cain Procession (never called a parade). This has been called "The People's Parade" because it is performed by citizens without being run by a specific Mardi Gras krewe. Originally, anybody who showed up at the parade start on Sunday morning could join in with whatever makeshift float they could cobble together. Eventually, the sheer size and the city's desire to have all the Carnival parades conform to the same set of rules forced the organizers to limit the participants to a preset limit. The parade is preceded with the visit of the "Cain's Merry Widows" to the gravesite of their "departed husband" (described below).

Julian Lee "Judy" Rayford established Joe Cain Day in 1967 by walking at the head of a jazz funeral, along with his beloved dog Rosie (the only dog to ever lead a Mardi Gras parade in Mobile) down Government Street to the Church Street Graveyard, where he had arranged to have Joe Cain and his wife reburied in 1966. When Joe Cain was disinterred from Bayou La Batre, Julian brought Joe Cain's skull back to Mobile in the pocket of his coat, and that is considered to be the first "passing of the feathers" to the next person to wear the headdress in Mardi Gras, as "Slacabamorinico, chief of the Chickasaw."

The feathers were passed in 1970 to Fireman J.B. "Red" Foster who, attired in Plains Indian fashion, led the procession for 16 years. He then passed the feathers, tomahawk and peace pipe to author, historian, public relations, marketing professional and pastor, Bennett Wayne Dean Sr. in 1985. Old Slac IV "hisself" marked his 30th anniversary under the feathers during Joe Cain Day in 2015 noting that he "was just getting started." The feathers are always passed from "Chief to Chief" and it is his choice only - no other individual or any organization has any say in the selection of a new "Chief Slacabamorinico," a tradition unique to Mobile and its Mardi Gras.

The impression that the celebration had on a couple of visitors from California resulted in Joe Cain Days being officially recognized, in 1993, as a sister celebration by the Joe Cain Society of California in Nevada City, California each Mardi Gras.

The Mardi Gras mystic society of "Cain's Merry Widows" (a women's mystic society) was founded in 1974 in Mobile, Alabama. Each Mardi Gras, on Joe Cain Day (the Sunday before Fat Tuesday), members of this society dress in funereal black with veils, lay a wreath at Cain's burial site in Church Street Graveyard to wail over their "departed husband's" grave, then travel to Joe Cain's house on Augusta Street to offer a toast and eulogy to their "beloved Joe," continuously arguing over which widow was his favorite.

title: Joe Cain


text:
All-American Protectorate, Inc.

The All-American Protectorate, Inc., was a right-wing political group incorporated in February 1963 in St. Louis County, Missouri, under the leadership of general chairman Lovell W. George, and board-of-directors members George R. Kleine and Ernest Conn. The group aimed to provide defense training for its members, and advocated racial segregation and strict immigration controls.

The group's slogan stated that the group's aim was: "Teaching That 'Government is Management' and 'Granting Confirmation in Citizenship.'"

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: All-American Protectorate, Inc.


text:
OpenGL ES

OpenGL for Embedded Systems (OpenGL ES or GLES) is a subset of the OpenGL computer graphics rendering application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D computer graphics such as those used by video games, typically hardware-accelerated using a graphics processing unit (GPU). It is designed for embedded systems like smartphones, tablet computers, video game consoles and PDAs. OpenGL ES is the "most widely deployed 3D graphics API in history".

The API is cross-language and multi-platform. The GLU library and the original GLUT are not available for OpenGL ES, freeglut however, supports it. OpenGL ES is managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group. Vulkan, a next-generation API from Khronos, is made for simpler high performance drivers for mobile and desktop devices.

Versions
Several versions of the OpenGL ES specification now exist. OpenGL ES 1.0 is drawn up against the OpenGL 1.3 specification, OpenGL ES 1.1 is defined relative to the OpenGL 1.5 specification and OpenGL ES 2.0 is defined relative to the OpenGL 2.0 specification. This means that, for example, an application written for OpenGL ES 1.0 should be easily portable to the desktop OpenGL 1.3; as the OpenGL ES is a stripped-down version of the API, the reverse may or may not be true, depending on the particular features used.

OpenGL ES comes with its own version of shading language (OpenGL ES SL), which is different from OpenGL SL.

Version 1.0 and 1.1 both have common (CM) and common lite (CL) profiles, the difference being that the common lite profile only supports fixed-point instead of floating point data type support, whereas common supports both.

OpenGL ES 1.0
OpenGL ES 1.0 was released publicly July 28, 2003. OpenGL ES 1.0 is based on the original OpenGL 1.3 API, with much functionality removed and a little bit added. One significant difference between OpenGL and OpenGL ES is that OpenGL ES removed the need to bracket OpenGL library calls with  and. Other significant differences are that the calling semantics for primitive rendering functions were changed in favor of vertex arrays, and fixed-point data types were introduced for vertex coordinates. Attributes were also added to better support the computational abilities of embedded processors, which often lack a floating point unit (FPU). Many other functions and rendering primitives were removed in version 1.0 to produce a lightweight interface, including:

 * quad and polygon rendering primitives;
 * texgen, line, and polygon stipple;
 * polygon mode and antialiased polygon rendering are not supported, although rendering using multisample is still possible (rather than alpha border fragments);
 * pixel class operations, bitmaps, and 3D textures are not supported;
 * several of the more technical drawing modes are eliminated, including frontbuffer and accumulation buffer;
 * bitmap operations for copying pixels individually, evaluators, and user selection operations are not allowed;
 * display lists and feedback are removed, as are push and pop operations for state attributes;
 * and some material parameters were removed, including back-face parameters and user-defined clip planes.

The actual version is 1.0.0.2.

OpenGL ES 1.1
OpenGL ES 1.1 added features such as mandatory support for multitexture, better multitexture support (including combiners and dot product texture operations), automatic mipmap generation, vertex buffer objects, state queries, user clip planes, and greater control over point rendering. Actual Version is 1.1.12.

OpenGL ES 2.0
OpenGL ES 2.0 was publicly released in March 2007. It is roughly based on OpenGL 2.0, but it eliminates most of the fixed-function rendering pipeline in favor of a programmable one in a move similar to the transition from OpenGL 3.0 to 3.1. Control flow in shaders is generally limited to forward branching and to loops where the maximum number of iterations can easily be determined at compile time. Almost all rendering features of the transform and lighting stage, such as the specification of materials and light parameters formerly specified by the fixed-function API, are replaced by shaders written by the graphics programmer. As a result, OpenGL ES 2.0 is not backward compatible with OpenGL ES 1.1. Some incompatibilities between the desktop version of OpenGL and OpenGL ES 2.0 persisted until OpenGL 4.1, which added the  extension. Actual version is 2.0.25.

The Khronos Group has written a document describing the differences between OpenGL ES 2.0 and ordinary OpenGL 2.0.

OpenGL ES 3.0
The OpenGL ES 3.0 specification was publicly released in August 2012. It is backwards compatible with OpenGL ES 2.0, and partially compatible with WebGL 2.0, as WebGL 2.0 was designed to have a high degree of interoperability with OpenGL ES 3.0. The current version of the OpenGL ES 3.0 standard is 3.0.6, released in November 2019.

New functionality in the OpenGL ES 3.0 specification includes:
 * multiple enhancements to the rendering pipeline to enable acceleration of advanced visual effects including: occlusion queries, transform feedback, instanced rendering and support for four or more rendering targets;
 * high quality ETC2 / EAC texture compression as a standard feature, eliminating the need for a different set of textures for each platform;
 * a new version of the GLSL ES shading language with full support for integer and 32-bit floating point operations;
 * greatly enhanced texturing functionality including guaranteed support for floating point textures, 3D textures, depth textures, vertex textures, NPOT textures, R/RG textures, immutable textures, 2D array textures, swizzles, LOD and mip level clamps, seamless cube maps and sampler objects;
 * an extensive set of required, explicitly sized texture and render-buffer formats, reducing implementation variability and making it much easier to write portable applications.

OpenGL ES 3.1
The OpenGL ES 3.1 specification was publicly released in March 2014. New functionality in OpenGL ES 3.1 includes:
 * Compute shaders
 * Independent vertex and fragment shaders
 * Indirect draw commands

OpenGL ES 3.1 is backward compatible with OpenGL ES 2.0 and 3.0, thus enabling applications to incrementally incorporate new features. Actual Version is 3.1-(November 2016).

OpenGL ES 3.2
The OpenGL ES 3.2 specification was publicly released in August 2015. New capabilities in OpenGL ES 3.2 include:
 * Geometry and tessellation shaders to efficiently process complex scenes on the GPU.
 * Floating point render targets for increased flexibility in higher precision compute operations.
 * ASTC compression to reduce the memory footprint and bandwidth used to process textures.
 * Enhanced blending for sophisticated compositing and handling of multiple color attachments.
 * Advanced texture targets such as texture buffers, multisample 2D array and cube map arrays.
 * Debug and robustness features for easier code development and secure execution.

Actual State is 3.2.6 July 2019.

Some more extensions are developed or in Development in Mesa for next OpenGL ES Version (see Mesamatrix).

Next generation API is Vulkan.

Platform usage
For complete list of companies and their conformant products, view here

OpenGL ES 1.0
OpenGL ES 1.0 added an official 3D graphics API to the Android and Symbian OS v8.0a operating systems, as well as by QNX It is also supported by the PlayStation 3 as one of its official graphics APIs (the other one being low level libgcm library) with Nvidia's Cg in lieu of GLSL. The PlayStation 3 also includes several features of the 2.0 version of OpenGL ES.

 * Nokia 6630

OpenGL ES 1.1
The 1.1 version of OpenGL ES is supported by:
 * Android 1.6
 * Apple iOS for iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch
 * RIM's BlackBerry 5.0 operating system series (only BlackBerry Storm 2, BlackBerry Curve 8530 and later models have the needed hardware )
 * BlackBerry PlayBook
 * BlackBerry BB10
 * Various Nokia phones such as Nokia N95, N93, N93i, and N82.
 * The Palm webOS, using the Plug-in Development Kit
 * Nintendo 3DS

OpenGL ES 2.0
Supported by:
 * The Android platform since Android 2.0 through NDK and Android 2.2 through Java
 * AmigaOS on AmigaOne with Warp3D Nova and compatible Radeon HD graphics card.
 * Apple iOS 5 or later in iPad, iPad Mini, iPhone 3GS or later, and iPod Touch 3rd generation or later
 * BlackBerry devices with BlackBerry OS 7.0 and Blackberry 10, as well as the BlackBerry PlayBook
 * Google Native Client
 * Intel HD Graphics 965G / X3000 and higher (Linux)
 * Nvidia (Android), Curie NV40+: Linux, Windows
 * Various Nokia phones (such as Symbian^3 based Nokia N8, MeeGo based Nokia N9, and Maemo based Nokia N900 )
 * Palm webOS, using the Plug-in Development Kit
 * The Pandora console
 * The Raspberry Pi
 * The Odroid
 * Various Samsung mobile phones (such as the Wave)
 * Web browsers (WebGL)
 * The GCW Zero console
 * The PlayStation Vita portable console
 * The PlayStation 4 console

OpenGL ES 3.0
Supported by:
 * Android since version 4.3, on devices with appropriate hardware and drivers, including:
 * Nexus 7 (2013)
 * Nexus 4
 * Nexus 5
 * Nexus 10
 * HTC Butterfly S
 * HTC One/One Max
 * LG G2
 * LG G Pad 8.3
 * Samsung Galaxy J5
 * Samsung Galaxy J5 (2016)
 * Samsung Galaxy S4 (Snapdragon version)
 * Samsung Galaxy S5
 * Samsung Galaxy Note 3
 * Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 (2014 Edition)
 * Sony Xperia M
 * Sony Xperia Z/ZL
 * Sony Xperia Z1
 * Sony Xperia Z Ultra
 * Sony Xperia Tablet Z
 * iOS since version 7, on devices including:
 * iPhone 5S
 * iPad Air
 * iPad mini with Retina display
 * BlackBerry 10 OS since version 10.2, on devices including:
 * BlackBerry Z3
 * BlackBerry Z30
 * BlackBerry Passport

Supported by some recent versions of these GPUs:
 * Adreno 300 and 400 series (Android, BlackBerry 10, Windows10 Windows RT)
 * Mali T600 series onwards (Android, Linux, Windows 7)
 * PowerVR Series6 (iOS, Linux)
 * Vivante (Android, OS X 10.8.3, Windows 7)
 * Nvidia (Android), Tesla G80+: Linux, Windows 7+
 * Intel HD Graphics Sandy Bridge and higher (Linux)
 * AMD Terascale and actual GCN-architecture (Windows, Linux)
 * LLVMpipe and Softpipe: soft drivers in Mesa
 * VIRGL: virtual Driver for virtual machines in 2018 with Mesa 18.1 (See Mesamatrix.net)

OpenGL ES 3.1
Supported by Windows, Linux, Android (since version 5.0) on devices with appropriate hardware and drivers, including:
 * Adreno 400 series
 * Adreno 500 series (Mesa 18.1 for Linux and Android)
 * AMD Terascale and actual GCN-architecture (Windows, Linux (r600, radeonSI))
 * Intel HD Graphics for Intel Atom Z3700 series (Android)
 * Intel HD Graphics for Intel Celeron N and J series (Android)
 * Intel HD Graphics for Intel Pentium N and J series (Android)
 * Intel HD Graphics Haswell and higher (Linux Mesa: previous Ivy Bridge nearly without stencil texturing)
 * Mali T6xx (midgard) series onwards (Android, Linux)
 * Nvidia GeForce 400 series onwards (Windows, Linux)
 * Nvidia Tegra K1 (Android, Linux)
 * Nvidia Tegra X1 (Android)
 * PowerVR Series 6, 6XE, 6XT, 7XE and 7XT (Linux, Android)
 * Vivante GC2000 series onwards (optional with GC800 and GC1000)
 * panfrost: ARM panfrost support (Linux Mesa 22.0)
 * v3d: Driver for Broadcom VideoCore in Mesa (Linux)
 * The Raspberry Pi 4 and 5
 * VIRGL: virtual Driver for virtual machines in 2018 with Mesa 18.1 (See Mesamatrix.net)
 * LLVMpipe: software driver in Mesa 20.2 (Linux)
 * softpipe: software driver in Mesa 20.3 (Linux)
 * Zink: emulation driver in Mesa 21.1 (Linux)
 * d3d12: WSL2 linux driver for Microsoft 10+ (Mesa 22.0)
 * Apple M1 and M2 graphics in Fedora Asahi Remix (Linux)

Android Extension Pack
Android Extension Pack (AEP) is a set of OpenGL ES 3.1 extensions, all bundled into a single extension introduced by Google in 2014. This allows applications to use all of the features of the set of extensions, while only testing for the presence of a single one. The AEP was officially added to Android Lollipop to provide extra features like tessellation over what was officially in the GLES 3.1 revision. OpenGL ES 3.2 update is largely made up of the AEP additions, which are already present in desktop OpenGL.

OpenGL ES 3.2
OpenGL ES 3.2, incorporating the Android Extension Pack (AEP), "boasts a small number of improvements over last year’s OpenGL ES 3.1. Both make use of similar features from the AEP. From the AEP, OpenGL ES 3.2 compliant hardware will support Tessellation for additional geometry detail, new geometry shaders, ASTC texture compression for a smaller memory bandwidth footprint, floating point render targets for high accuracy compute processes, and new debugging features for developers. These high-end features are already found in the group’s full OpenGL 4 specification."

Supported by Windows, Linux, Android (since version 6.0 possible, 7.0+ Vulkan 1.0 and OpenGL ES 3.2 needed) on devices with appropriate hardware and drivers, including:
 * Adreno 420 and newer (Android, Linux (freedreno))
 * AMD GCN-architecture (Windows, Linux (Mesa 18.2 with radeonSI))
 * Intel HD Graphics Skylake and higher (Linux)
 * Mali-T760 and newer (Android, Linux)
 * Nvidia GeForce 400 series (Fermi) and newer (Windows, Linux)
 * VIRGL: virtual Driver for virtual machines in 2018 with Mesa 18.1 (See Mesamatrix.net)
 * LLVMpipe: software driver in Mesa 20 (Linux)
 * Zink: Vulkan emulation driver in Mesa 21.2 (Linux)

Deprecation in Apple devices
OpenGL ES (and OpenGL) is deprecated in Apple's operating systems, but still works in up to at least iOS 12.

The future
There is currently no plan for a new core version of OpenGL ES, as adoption of Vulkan has been deemed to displace it in embedded and mobile applications. Development of extensions to OpenGL ES continues as of 2017.

OpenGL compatibility
A few libraries have been created to emulate OpenGL calls using GL ES:
 * Nvidia offers a 2-clause BSD licensed library called Regal, originally started by Cass Everitt. It was last updated in 2016. Regal is used for example by Google's NaCl.
 * The MIT licensed GL4ES emulates OpenGL 2.1/1.5 using GL ES 2.0/1.1. It is based on glshim.

title: OpenGL ES


text:
...Famous Last Words...

...Famous Last Words... (stylised in all lowercase) is the seventh studio album by English rock band Supertramp, released in October 1982. It was the studio follow-up to 1979's Breakfast in America and the last album with vocalist/keyboardist/guitarist Roger Hodgson, who left the group to pursue a solo career. Thus, it was the final album to be released by the classic lineup of the band (Hodgson, Davies, Helliwell, Thomson, and Siebenberg).

The album reached number 5 on the Billboard Pop Albums Charts in its third week on the chart dated November 27, 1982, and was certified Gold for sales in excess of 500,000 copies there. It also peaked at number6 in the UK where it was certified Gold for 100,000 copies sold.

A remastered CD version of ...Famous Last Words... was released on 30 July 2002 on A&M Records. The remastered CD comes with all the original artwork and the CD art features a green pair of scissors and a black background.

Background and recording
Though Rick Davies and Roger Hodgson had long been writing their songs separately, they had always conceived the theme and overlying direction for each album together. ...Famous Last Words... became the exception to this rule: having been living in different parts of California in the months leading up to the recording, they each conceived their own vision for the album. Hodgson wanted to do another pop album in the vein of Breakfast in America, while Davies had envisioned a heavy progressive rock album with a 10-minute song called "Brother Where You Bound" as its centerpiece.

According to Bob Siebenberg, "In the end, they both kind of changed their formats and their picture of what they thought this album should be. It became a diluted version of what it started out to be. It was really neither here nor there." In particular, the band decided to leave out "Brother Where You Bound", since it was too "heavy" to fit alongside Hodgson's pop compositions. Supertramp used "Brother Where You Bound" for their next album, Brother Where You Bound (1985), though it had by that point evolved from 10 minutes to 16 and a half through the addition of some new sections.

As usual, the songs are all officially credited as being written by Davies/Hodgson. However, the sleeve notes colour-code the songs' lyrics by individual author. The lead vocalist on each song is the same as its writer: "Crazy", "It's Raining Again", "Know Who You Are", "C'est le bon", and "Don't Leave Me Now" were written by Hodgson, and "Put on Your Old Brown Shoes", "Bonnie", "My Kind of Lady", and "Waiting So Long" were written by Davies.

The album's working title was Tightrope. The album was mainly recorded and mixed at Hodgson's home, Unicorn Studios in Nevada City, California, as he did not want to leave his wife, his then two-year-old daughter Heidi, and newborn son Andrew behind. Davies wound up recording his vocal and keyboard parts at his home studio, The Backyard Studios, in Encino, California. Other overdubs were at Bill Schnee Recording Studios in Los Angeles.

At the time of the album's release, many interpreted the title (which at that point became ...Famous Last Words...) and cover art as thinly-veiled hints that Supertramp was breaking up. In a 2015 interview, Hodgson confirmed that he and Davies decided on the title because "we weren't doing [a record] again". He said that he regrets recording the album, calling it "a last-ditch attempt to try and make things happen" after the life had gone out of the band. Conversely, John Helliwell said in 1986: "We wanted a phrase that bore some relationship with what we were doing but was enigmatic at the same time. We always like to have enigmatic titles like Crime of the Century... This last LP we thought was going to be real quick. We thought we were going to rehearse it and record it real quick and it ended up taking longer than any other so we had to eat our words again. For the past three or four LPs we've been saying, 'Let's be well prepared.' So the title sprung out of that as well. I can't remember who first thought of it. The graphic design came directly from the title."

Reception
A contemporary review in Creem savaged the album for its nondescript nature, concluding "this stuff is so soddenly bland already that the Muzak folks are going to have their work cut out for them". AllMusic, in a retrospective review, found the album overly tailored towards commercial success, claiming that the group in general and Roger Hodgson in particular were too fixated on producing more hits, and that as a result "romantically inclined poetry and love song fluff replaces the lyrical keenness that Supertramp had produced in the past, and the instrumental proficiency that they once mastered has vanished."

Track listing
All songs credited to Rick Davies and Roger Hodgson. Listed below are the respective writers, also lead singers of their songs.
 * Side one

 * Side two

Personnel

 * Supertramp
 * Rick Davies – lead and backing vocals, organ (tracks 1, 7, 9), piano (tracks 2, 4, 6, 8), electric piano (track 2), synthesizers (track 3), harmonica (tracks 2, 9), melodica (track 3)
 * Roger Hodgson – lead and backing vocals, electric guitar (tracks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9), 12-string guitar (tracks 2, 5, 7), piano (tracks 1, 3, 9), pump organ (track 1), synthesizers (track 5), glockenspiel (track 3)
 * John Helliwell – saxophones (tracks 1–3, 6, 8, 9), clarinet (tracks 7, 8), synthesizers (tracks 3, 4, 6, 8, 9)
 * Dougie Thomson – bass (tracks 1-4, 6-9)
 * Bob Siebenberg – drums (tracks 1-4, 6-9)
 * This was the first Supertramp album for which Siebenberg was credited under his real name. All previous Supertramp albums on which he had appeared credited him as "Bob C. Benberg".

Additional personnel
 * Claire Diament – backing vocals on "Don't Leave Me Now"
 * Ann Wilson – backing vocals on "Put On Your Old Brown Shoes" and "C'est le bon"
 * Nancy Wilson – backing vocals on "Put On Your Old Brown Shoes" and "C'est le bon"

Production

 * Producers: Peter Henderson, Russel Pope, Supertramp
 * Engineer: Peter Henderson
 * Assistant engineer: Norman Hall
 * Mastering on original issue: Doug Sax, Mike Reese
 * Mastering on 2002 remaster: Greg Calbi, Jay Messina
 * Concert sound: Russel Pope
 * Technicians: Bud Wyatt, Ian "Biggles" Lloyd-Bisley
 * String arrangements: Richard Hewson
 * Synthesizers: Yamaha GS-1, Oberheim
 * Art direction: Mike Doud, Norman Moore
 * Design: Mike Doud, Norman Moore
 * Cover design: Mike Dowd, Norman Moore
 * Cover art concept: Mike Dowd
 * Artwork: Mike Dowd
 * Photography: Jules Bates, Tom Gibson
 * Cover photo: Jules Bates, Tom Gibson
 * Sleeve photo: Tom Gibson

2002 A&M reissue:

The 2002 A&M Records reissue was mastered from the original master tapes by Greg Calbi and Jay Messina at Sterling Sound, New York, 2002. The reissue was supervised by Bill Levenson with art direction by Vartan and design by Mike Diehl, with production coordination by Beth Stempel.

The intro to "Bonnie" contains a glitch in the piano part on the 2002 remaster, and has never been fully explained (whether it was a mastering error, or an intentional alteration to the track).

Singles
Billboard (United States)

title: ...Famous Last Words...


text:
Talk:...Famous Last Words...

bs
what's with the thing about roger and rick fighting at the top, yet on the main supertramp page it says in an interview with roger, there really were no personal or professional problems between the two of them? where is the source for such information?Pepsi90919 (talk) 11:30, 17 April 2009 (UTC)

Well, it's been pretty well documented (elsewhere) that their professional problems go back to at least Breakfast in American and the change in management of the band (when Rick's wife took over those duties). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.69.204.131 (talk) 17:30, 17 September 2014 (UTC)

rodger hodgson leaving
is it just my impression or is the name of the album somewhat related to rodger hodgson leaving the band? it would make sense... and should be placed on the article (i just don't because i'm not sure) Cetheriel 07:13, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Very belated reply, but a complete explanation for the album's name has since been added to the article. And no, it has nothing to do with Roger Hodgson leaving, and in fact his departure had yet to be confirmed at the time the album was released.--Martin IIIa (talk) 00:51, 9 October 2012 (UTC)

Isn't this the seventh album? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.161.184.1 (talk) 20:20, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Why do people put a "d" in Roger's first name so often? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.114.243.220 (talk) 03:27, 2 October 2014 (UTC)

Title of album
Does anyone know what the reasoning behind giving this article the title '...Famous Last Words...' was? Both the front cover and the spine of the original LP give the title as ' "...famous last words..." ' (with no capitalization and double quotation marks around it). 174.0.54.36 (talk) 14:39, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on ...Famous Last Words.... Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20131212062425/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/855401?imw=Y to http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/855401?imw=Y

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 22:48, 28 February 2016 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 01:03, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on ...Famous Last Words.... Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.allmusic.com/album/famous-last-words-mw0000650851

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 13:59, 24 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on ...Famous Last Words.... Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130506001015/http://www.infodisc.fr:80/Album_S.php to http://infodisc.fr/Album_S.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:15, 12 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 7 external links on ...Famous Last Words.... Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://infodisc.fr/Album_S.php
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.hitparadeitalia.it/hp_yenda/lpe1983.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.6170&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=mhe12pta2k83e08udtq66ot062
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1982.php
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://austriancharts.at/1983_album.asp
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.4435&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=mhe12pta2k83e08udtq66ot062
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131225104214/http://infodisc.fr/CDCertif_P.php?debut=800 to http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_P.php?debut=800

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:03, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:...Famous Last Words...


text:
Atsuko Tanaka (voice actress)

Atsuko Tanaka (田中 敦子) is a Japanese voice actress and narrator associated with Mausu Promotion (formerly Ezaki Productions). She is best known for her portrayal of Motoko Kusanagi in the Ghost in the Shell film and franchise. She also voices Konan in the Naruto series, Caster in the Fate/stay night series, Lisa Lisa in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Claudette in Queen's Blade, Francis Midford in Black Butler, and Karura in Utawarerumono, Bayonetta in the Bayonetta series, Hanami in Jujutsu Kaisen and Kyrie Ushiromiya from Umineko no Naku Koro ni. She attended the Tokyo Announcement Academy where she studied voice training in 1991. In 2012, a Biglobe poll named her the voice actress with the sexiest voice.

Tanaka is married and has one son. She also has a sister. She considers Kikuko Inoue to be her best friend. Overseas and on home soil in Japan, Atsuko is well known for being cast in semi-mature female action roles, noted for playing the Japanese dub voice of Lara Croft from the Tomb Raider franchise for five games in a row, before being succeeded by Takako Honda.

title: Atsuko Tanaka (voice actress)


text:
Onyok Velasco

Mansueto "Onyok" Velasco Jr. (born January 10, 1974) is a Filipino retired boxer, comedian and actor from Bago, Negros Occidental, Philippines. Competing in the 48 kg category he won a gold medal at the 1994 Asian Games and a silver at the 1996 Summer Olympics, the Philippines' only medal at those Games. He is the younger brother of Roel Velasco, a light-flyweight boxer who won a bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Olympic results

 * Defeated Chih-Hsiu Tsai (Taiwan) RSC 1 (2:27)
 * Defeated Yosvani Aguilera (Cuba) 14–5
 * Defeated Hamid Berhili (Morocco) 20–10
 * Defeated Rafael Lozano (Spain) 22–10
 * Lost to Daniel Petrov (Bulgaria) 6–19

Acting career
Velasco retired from boxing due to lack of government support and pursued an acting career, stating that he found it more financially sustainable. His life and boxing career was featured in the 1997 film The Onyok Velasco Story, where he played himself. This marked his first venture into acting.

Velasco later had a successful career as a comedian, appearing in several sitcoms and comedy films, including Show Me Da Manny on GMA 7. He also played the role of a boxing trainer on the TV5 comedy-drama Beki Boxer.

Unfulfilled incentives
For his feat in the 1996 Summer Olympics, he received pledges of monetary and non-monetary incentives. He was able to receive ₱1 million from then-Manila Mayor Mel Lopez and ₱500,000 from the Philippine Sports Commission. However, not all of these pledges materialized as of 2021 including a ₱2.5 million pledge by the House of Representatives in 1996 and the title for the house and lot he received.

Television

 * Tarajing Pot Pot (ABS-CBN 2)
 * GMA Supershow (GMA 7) - guest
 * ASAP Natin 'To (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Magandang Tanghali Bayan (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Tropang Trumpo (TV5) – guest
 * Maalaala Mo Kaya (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Richard Loves Lucy (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Ispup (TV5)
 * Da Body En Da Guard (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Da Pilya En Da Pilot (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Idol Ko si Kap (GMA 7)
 * OK Fine, Whatever (ABS-CBN 2)
 * OK Fine, Oh Yes! (ABS-CBN 2)
 * OK Fine, 'To Ang Gusto Nyo! (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Kool Ka Lang (GMA 7)
 * Magpakailanman (GMA 7)
 * Kamao: Matira't Matibay (ABS-CBN 2) – co-host
 * Extra Challenge (GMA 7)
 * Sabi Ni Nanay (SOLAR TV)
 * Kemis: Kay Misis Umasa (SOLAR TV)
 * Maynila (GMA 7)
 * Baywalk (QTV 11)
 * Talentadong Pinoy (TV5) – judge
 * It's Showtime (ABS-CBN 2) – celebrity judge
 * Everybody Hapi (TV5)
 * Pinoy Records Presents: Pinoy Extreme Talent (GMA 7) – judge
 * Show Me Da Manny (GMA 7)
 * Ang Pinaka (GMA News TV 11)
 * Totoo TV (TV5) – guest
 * Magic Palayok (GMA 7)
 * Manny Many Prizes (GMA 7)
 * Toda Max (ABS-CBN 2)
 * Pepito Manaloto (GMA 7) – guest
 * Beki Boxer (TV5) – Ninong Onyok
 * Celebrity Bluff (GMA 7)
 * Wasak (Aksyon TV 41)
 * Tunay na Buhay (GMA 7)
 * Matanglawin (ABS-CBN 2) – guest
 * Aha! (GMA 7) – guest
 * Demolition Job (TV5)
 * Don't Lose the Money (GMA 7) – guest
 * Basta Every Day Happy (GMA 7) – guest
 * Astig (TV5)
 * Ismol Family (GMA 7) – guest
 * Sabado Badoo (GMA 7)
 * Mac and Chiz (TV5)
 * Sunday PinaSaya (GMA 7)
 * Till I Met You (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * My Super D (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Langit Lupa (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Dear Uge (GMA 7)
 * FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Home Sweetie Home (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * La Luna Sangre (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Alyas Robin Hood (GMA 7) - guest
 * Wansapanataym Presents: Amazing Ving (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Cain at Abel (GMA 7) - guest
 * Victor Magtanggol (GMA 7)
 * Precious Hearts Presents: Los Bastardos (ABS-CBN 2)
 * The General's Daughter (ABS-CBN 2) - guest
 * Magandang Buhay (A2Z 11) - guest
 * Mars Pa More (GMA 7) - guest
 * First Yaya (GMA 7) - guest
 * John en Ellen (TV5) - guest
 * Huwag Kang Mangamba (A2Z 11) - guest
 * Niña Niño (TV5) - guest

title: Onyok Velasco


text: Category:Power plants

title: Category:Power plants


text:
Metedeconk River

The Metedeconk River is a tributary of Barnegat Bay in Ocean County, New Jersey in the United States.

The Metedeconk River flows from its 22.3 mi North and 22.6 mi South Branches to their confluence at Forge Pond, where the river widens (up to just over 1 mi) and flows southeast for 6 mi into Barnegat Bay. It contains both fresh and salt-water portions.

Like many area streets, waterways and towns, Metedeconk is the original word or phrase used by the Indigenous Peoples to name themselves or to name themselves after their geography. Its name a direct reference to the Metedeconk Tribes who had two settlements, one on the North Side of the river bordering the Beaver-dam Creek in the region now called CedarCroft, and one on the south side.

Geographic relation to nearby water features
At its most eastern face the river meets the Barnegat Peninsula, a populated but narrow strip (less than 1 mi wide) of New Jersey separating the Metedeconk from a direct connection with the Atlantic Ocean. Here, the river joins the Barnegat Bay to the south and the narrow, man-made Point Pleasant Canal to the north. This canal provides a convenient connection to the Manasquan River, which would otherwise be completely separated from the Metedeconk by about 3 mi of land. The Manasquan River is directly connected to the Atlantic Ocean, as is Barnegat Bay.

Interactions with ocean waters
The river is of the floodplain type and is tidal, being indirectly connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Barnegat Bay and the Manasquan River. The Metedeconk's main oceanic interactions are through the Manasquan, via the Point Pleasant Canal. In fact, before the canal was opened in 1926, the Metedeconk and the upper part of the Barnegat Bay were mainly fresh water environments and non-tidal. Today, due to ocean tides, the waters of the Bay and the Manasquan are both inlets and outlets of the Metedeconk.

Since the canal, the waters of the lower Metedeconk have been brackish to salty and the ecology of the area has changed considerably. A visual indication of the river's connection to the ocean is the cream to brown colored foam that sometimes collects where the Metedeconk's waves beat the sandy shores or manmade bulkheads. This foam consists of the microscopic organic material that naturally builds up in the presence of aquatic life; the process of filtering organics from water through wave-like action has been mechanized in most aquariums and is known there as foam fractionating.

As of October 29, 2012, due to the effects of Hurricane Sandy hitting New Jersey, an inlet opened between Barnegat Bay and the Atlantic Ocean at the river's east end, the storm having obliterated the dunes, roads, and houses that once blocked off the river from the ocean. Thus the Metedeconk technically opened to the Atlantic Ocean at the base of the Route 528 bridge, whose east end was washed away by the storm, until repairs could be attempted to the peninsula and the bridge. By February 2013, peninsula and bridge repair had effectively reclosed the inlet and reopened the bridge to limited traffic.

Notable areas
The river west of Forge Pond (where it forks into North and South Branches) is known as the upper section, while the river east of Forge Pond is known as the lower section. The upper section is popular with paddle boaters. The lower section, being deeper, wider and wavier, is more popular with sailboats and powerboats.

A notable section of the lower Metedeconk is Windward Beach, a small beach sanctioned for public recreation. On the upper Metedeconk, the river flows through the fresh-water Lake Shenandoah, where a popular county park holds great attraction.

Metedeconk River Yacht Club
Metedeconk River Yacht Club was founded by a group of devoted yachtsmen in 1936. The primary purpose for which the club organized was to advance the sport of yachting and to promote the social enjoyment and good fellowship among its members.

Importance to local communities
The Metedeconk River is important to local wildlife and the surrounding human populations, providing a place of recreation as it winds through the townships of Brick, Freehold Township, Howell, Jackson, Wall Township, Lakewood and Millstone Township. It is the primary source of drinking water for Brick, Point Pleasant Beach and Point Pleasant Borough. As such, it was classified as a Category 1 (C1) River, the highest level of protection offered rivers by the state of New Jersey.

Wildlife
With both fresh-water and tidal wetland portions, the Metedeconk supports an extremely diverse range of wildlife. Wild rice grows along the banks along some portions of the Metedeconk. Bald eagles have been sighted there, and ospreys nest atop nearby trees and industrial towers and come to the river to fish. Sections of the river and surrounding estuary habitat are protected as parts of New Jersey’s extensive Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, because of the river’s great significance to migratory birds and waterfowl.

Mammals of the Metedeconk include those typically found at New Jersey rivers, such as river otters and beavers. Aquatic life includes many species of fish and jellyfish, including one species whose bodies are about two-inches long and appear clear in daylight, but glow blue by night.

Hurricane Sandy
In October 2012, under the influence of Hurricane Sandy, ocean waters directly infiltrated the south branch of the river at the area of the Metedeconk Bridge. Immediate impact of the hurricane on the river included a change in salinity of the river's ecosystem, as well as elevated contaminate levels caused by relevant water treatment facilities going temporarily off-line. The long-term impact of Hurricane Sandy on the river and its ecosystem remains an area of study.

title: Metedeconk River


text:
Eiko Yamada

Eiko Hisamura (久村 栄子) is a Japanese actress and voice actress from Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Hisamura worked under her maiden name before her marriage and for a long time afterward, so that name is still often used, even among fans. She is currently affiliated with 81 Produce since 2015.

Hisamura has voiced many characters in the World Masterpiece Theater anime series from Nippon Animation, including lead roles Anne from Anne of Green Gables, Jo from Little Women and supporting role Lavinia in Little Princess Sara. She is also well-known for her roles as Mai in Dragon Ball and as Gin in Ginga: Nagareboshi Gin

TV

 * Anime Sanjūshi (Aramis)
 * Bikkuriman (Rojin Hood, Shintei Hood)
 * Biriken (Gariken)
 * Biriken Nan demo Shōkai (Gariken)
 * Bōkensha (Queen Isabel)
 * Captain Tsubasa (Tarō Misaki (young), Kaori Matsumoto, Yuzo Morisaki)
 * City Hunter (Aya (ep.40))
 * DNA^2 (Oharu)
 * Cybot Robotchi (Sachiko aka "Sgt. Sally" in English version)
 * Dragon Ball (Mai)
 * Fang of the Sun Dougram (Canary Donetto)
 * Game Center Arashi (Satoru Daimonji)
 * Ganbare, Kikka-zu! (Hikaru Uesugi)
 * Ginga: Nagareboshi Gin (Gin)
 * Ginga Sengoku Gunyūden Rai (Rōjin)
 * Ginga Shippū Sraiger (Petite Rojji)
 * Harukana Receive (Sora Higa)
 * Highschool! Kimen-gumi (Mei Undō)
 * Igano Kabamaru (Ran Ōkubo, young Hayate Kirino)
 * The Kabocha Wine (Kozue)
 * Kimagure Orange Road (Yukari)
 * Lady Georgie (Abel Butman (young), Jessica)
 * Kon'nichiwa Anne 〜 Before Green Gables (Narrator)
 * Mīmu Iro Iro Yume no Tabi (Satoru)
 * Mission: Yozakura Family (Keiko Yozakura)
 * Nagakutsu o Haita Neko no Bōken (Hans)
 * Kaibutsu-kun (Demokin)
 * Ninja Hattori-kun (Kagechiyo)
 * Ninja Senshi Tobikage (Sharumu Baker)
 * Oyoneko Būnyan (Maron Kurikōji)
 * Parasol Henbē (Kanbē)
 * Ranma ½ (Tsubasa Kurenai)
 * Robotan (Kan-chan)
 * Six God Combination Godmars (Namida Akashi)
 * Space Runaway Ideon (Banda Rotta)
 * Tetsujin 28-go (Shōtarō Kaneda)
 * Those Who Hunt Elves (Garbella, Fortune Teller)
 * Video Senshi Laserion (Sahara)
 * Wan Wan Sanjūshi (Queen Anne)
 * World Masterpiece Theater series:
 * Anne of Green Gables (Anne Shirley)
 * My Daddy Long Legs (Sadi)
 * Little Lord Fauntleroy (Jane Hurt)
 * A Little Princess (Lavinia Herbert, Caesar)
 * Little Women II: Jo's Boys (Jo)
 * Pollyanna (Jimmy Bean)
 * Porphy's Long Journey (Iralia)
 * Sans Famille (Mrs. Milligan)
 * The Sound of Music (Yvonne)
 * Story of the Alps: My Annette (Lucien Morel)
 * Tales of Little Women (Josephine March (Jo))

OVA

 * 8 Man After (Samu)
 * Ace o Nerae! 2 (Ranko Midorikawa)
 * Ace o Nerae! Final Stage (Ranko Midorikawa)
 * Ai Monogatari (Kyōko)
 * Shin Captain Tsubasa (Tarō Misaki)
 * Carol (Domosu)
 * Chō Robot Seimeitai Transformer Z (Kain)
 * Cool Cool Bye (Shiriru Soko)
 * Dancougar - Super Beast Machine God: Hakunetsu no Shūshō (Tiore)
 * Domain of Murder (Kaoru Kaze)
 * Legend of Lemnear (Lemnear)
 * Mini 4 Soldier Rin! (Waka)
 * Kaibutsu-kun (Demokin)
 * Ninja Hattori-kun (Kagechiyo)
 * Otohime Connection (Himeko Kamikiba)
 * Soratobu Usagi no Yūkai Bōshi Boku Iya da yo! (Mimisuke)
 * Unkai no Meikyū Zegay (Himiko)
 * Urban Square: Kohaku no Tsugeki (Yuki Tamura)
 * Utsunomiko Tenjōhen (Kagami)
 * Waragutsu no Naka no Kami-sama (Narration)
 * Watto Pō to Bokura no Ohanashi (Nikkusu)
 * Yajikita Gakuen Dōchūki series (Reiko Shinokita)
 * Yamatarō Kaeru (Yamatarō)

Film

 * Anime Sanjūshi: Aramis no Bōken (Aramis)
 * Candy Candy (1992 version) (Eliza Leagan)
 * Choro Q Dougram (Canary Donetto)
 * Document: Fang of the Sun Dougram (Canary Donetto)
 * Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods (Mai)
 * Galaga (Paula)
 * Locke the Superman (Kim)
 * Running Boy: Star Soldier no Himitsu (Kenta Shinoyama)
 * Space Runaway Ideon series (Banda Rotta)
 * Umeboshi Denka: Uchū no Hate kara Panparopan! (Denka)
 * Utsunomiko (Kagami)
 * Yu-Gi-Oh! The Movie (Shōgo Aoyama)
 * Untitled Napoleon Movie' (Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington)

Games

 * Captain Tsubasa 5: Hasha no Shogo Campione (Taro Misaki)
 * Metal Gear Solid (Nastasha Romanenko)
 * Super Robot Wars series (Sharumu Baker, Tiore, Shoutarou Kaneda)
 * Tengai Makyou II: Manjimaru (Gozen Fubuki, Yoshinobu Fubumi))
 * Vasteel 2 (Boyce's mother, female soldier)
 * Ys I & II (Tarufu Hadaru)

Other voice over

 * Aliens (1988 TBS edition) (Vasquez (Jenette Goldstein))
 * Dances with Wolves (Stands With A Fist (Mary McDonnell))
 * Edward Scissorhands (Marge (Caroline Aaron))
 * Family Ties (Ellen Reed (Tracy Pollan))
 * Highlander (Heather MacLeod (Beatie Edney))
 * Jingle All the Way (Liz Langston (Rita Wilson))
 * A Little Princess (Lavinia Herbert (Taylor Fry))
 * Nine Months (Gail Dwyer (Joan Cusack))
 * Oyayubi Kozō Nils Carlsson (Mother)
 * Parenthood (1994 TV Tokyo edition) (Karen Buckman (Mary Steenburgen))
 * The Shining (Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall)
 * The Survivor (1983 TV Tokyo edition) (Beth (Angela Punch McGregor))
 * Suspiria (Pat Hingle (Eva Axén))
 * Terrahawks (Captain Kate Kestrel)
 * Teito Monogatari (various)
 * The Unseen (Karen Fast (Karen Lamm))
 * Zoku Akage no Anne: Anne no Seishun (Pauline)

Radio

 * Hamaraji (FM Yokohama)

CD and cassette

 * Amefuri Hana Saita
 * Ares: Shinwa no Seizakyū (Rea)
 * Gaia Gear (Marissa Najis)
 * Hisaka Fūjin: Hoshi no Musume, Mezameru
 * Kai no Hi, Yodaka no Hoshi
 * Ningen Club (Elaine)
 * Onban Totsuzen Daishūkai
 * Oshare Kozō wa Hanamaru
 * Petenshi ga Yuku (Caroline)
 * Ranma ½ (Tsubasa Kurenai)
 * Saint Elza Crusaders (Eri Otoshima)
 * Saint Elza Crusaders Bangaihen: Elza Debut!? (Eri Otoshima)

Other
NHK Education
 * 3rd Grade Science Classroom (1984) (Gō-kun)
 * Atsumare Jan-Ken-Pon (Hitsuji hara muku, Ralph, Kon-chan, Karasu Medengu, others)
 * Bakeruno Shōgakkō Hyūdoro-gumi (Karasu Medengu)
 * Zawazawa Mori no Ganko-chan (Mother, School Ghost, Mushroom Witch)

Other
 * Fuji TV 7-nin no Hot Medame (Narration)

Accolades

 * Merit Award at the 18th Seiyu Awards (2024)

title: Eiko Yamada


text:
File:Supertramp - Brother Where You Bound.jpg

Cover for album Brother Where You Bound by Supertramp.

Fair use rationale for

 * It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the audio recording in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
 * The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future
 * Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used
 * For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright


text:
Brother Where You Bound

Brother Where You Bound is the eighth studio album by the English rock band Supertramp, released in 1985. It was their first album after original member Roger Hodgson left the band, leaving Rick Davies to handle the songwriting and singing on his own. The album features the group's Top 30 hit "Cannonball".

Brother Where You Bound reached number 20 on the UK Albums Chart and number 21 on The Billboard 200 in 1985, and went Gold according to the band's then label A&M Records in 1985, although the RIAA hasn't certified it yet.

A remastered CD version of the album was released on 30 July 2002 on A&M Records.

Songs
The track "Better Days" features an extended fade-out with voice-overs by the four key players in the 1984 Presidential Campaign: quotes spoken by Geraldine Ferraro and Walter Mondale sounding from the left audio channel and those of George H. W. Bush and Ronald Reagan on the right, mixed with John Helliwell's extended saxophone solo. Cash Box called that song "a solidly driving rocker" and praised the production values and melody.

The album's sixteen-and-a-half-minute title track featured Thin Lizzy's Scott Gorham on rhythm guitar and Pink Floyd's David Gilmour on the guitar solos. Also, the track had readings from George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. A demo for the song was recorded prior to Roger Hodgson's departure from the band, for potential inclusion on …Famous Last Words…, but the band ultimately felt it was too densely progressive rock to be appropriate, and decided against recording it for the album. At the time of the demo, the song was only ten minutes long.

Release
To build interest in the release, the album was premiered to dozens of members of the press traveling aboard a specially chartered trip on the Orient Express from Paris to Venice, where reporters were shown the full video for "Brother Where You Bound". The normally low-profile group also did extensive radio and TV appearances, including a high-profile appearance on radio's Rockline after a simulcast of the "Brother Where You Bound" video on MTV and Global Satellite Network.

Reception
AllMusic's retrospective review is resoundingly positive, noting that the album's thematic exploration of Cold War tensions "is dated and hasn't aged very well… but the music is a pleasure." They particularly praised the "crystalline sound", the strong performances of the guest musicians, and the complexity of the compositions. They also praised the band for being "gutsy" enough to "re-embrace its progressive-rock roots" while improving their pop songcraft at the same time.

In a review special, Prog Sphere writes "Brother Where You Bound is a prime example of 'crossover' prog at its very best, and as such highly recommended to anyone but those prog fans who think that 'pop' is inevitably a bad word."

Track listing
All songs written by Rick Davies.

Personnel
Additional personnel
 * Supertramp
 * Rick Davies – keyboards, lead vocals
 * John Helliwell – saxophones, glockenspiel on track 1
 * Dougie Thomson – bass
 * Bob Siebenberg – drums
 * David Gilmour – guitar solos on "Brother Where You Bound"
 * Scott Gorham – rhythm guitar on "Brother Where You Bound"
 * Marty Walsh – guitar on "Cannonball", "Better Days", "Brother Where You Bound", and "Still in Love"
 * Doug Wintz – trombone on "Cannonball"
 * Cha Cha – backing vocals on "Still in Love"
 * Brian Banks – Synclavier programming
 * Anthony Marinelli – Synclavier programming
 * Gary Chang – Fairlight & PPG programming
 * Scott Page – flute on "Better Days" and "Brother Where You Bound"

Production
2002 A&M reissue: The 2002 A&M Records reissue was mastered from the original master tapes by Greg Calbi and Jay Messina at Sterling Sound, New York, 2002. The reissue was supervised by Bill Levenson with art direction by Vartan and design by Mike Diehl, with production coordination by Beth Stempel.
 * Producers: David Kershenbaum, Supertramp
 * Engineer: Norman Hall
 * Assistant engineer: Steve Crimmel
 * Mixing: Mark Ettel
 * Mixing assistant: Steve McMillan
 * Mastering: Bob Ludwig
 * Remastering: Greg Calbi, Jay Messina
 * Track engineer: Allen Sides
 * Programming: Gary Chang
 * Synclavier programming: Brian Banks, Anthony Marinelli
 * Art direction: Norman Moore
 * Design: Norman Moore
 * Tray photo: Tom Gibson

Singles
Charts – Billboard (United States)

title: Brother Where You Bound


text:
Talk:Brother Where You Bound

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Brother Where You Bound. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130506001015/http://www.infodisc.fr:80/Album_S.php to http://infodisc.fr/Album_S.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121027131313/http://www.infodisc.fr:80/B-CD_1985.php to http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1985.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131105104114/http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=1985 to http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=1985

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 11:16, 9 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Brother Where You Bound. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://infodisc.fr/Album_S.php
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1985.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150128132918/http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=2650 to http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=2650

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:32, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Brother Where You Bound. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110217162315/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/supertramp/ to http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/supertramp/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:36, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brother Where You Bound


text:
Gregorio del Pilar

Gregorio Hilario del Pilar y Sempio (November 14, 1875 – December 2, 1899) was a Filipino general of the Philippine Revolutionary Army during the Philippine–American War.

As one of the youngest generals in the Revolutionary Army, he was known for the successful assault on the Spanish barracks in the municipality of Paombong, his victory on the first phase Battle of Quingua and his last stand at the Battle of Tirad Pass during the Philippine–American War. Because of his youth, he became known as the "Boy General". He was also known as a ladies man and was described by National Artist for Literature Nick Joaquin as the "Byron of Bulacan".

Early life and education

Born on November 14, 1875, to Fernando H. del Pilar and Felipa Sempio of Bulacan, Bulacan, the fifth among six siblings. His siblings were María de la Paz del Pilar (b.1865), Andrea del Pilar (b. 1866), Pablo H. del Pilar (b. 1869), Julian H. del Pilar (b. 1872), and Jacinto H. del Pilar (b. 1878). He was part of the del Pilar family (more properly Hilario del Pilar; Hilario was the original surname before the Claveria naming reforms and was contracted to "H.") of the principalia, whose members included his uncles, lawyer-turned-propagandist Marcelo H. del Pilar, editor-in-chief of Diariong Tagalog and La Solidaridad, as well as the priest Toribio H. del Pilar, who was exiled in Guam for his alleged involvement in the 1872 Cavite Mutiny. The del Pilar clan was distantly related to the Gatmaitans. Although principalia, Gregorio del Pilar's branch was relatively poor. It was said that del Pilar had to hawk meat pies as a child to survive.

As a child, he completed his primary education under Maestros Monico Estrella and Romualdo Sempio before being sent to study in Manila. He was enrolled at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila at the age of 15, where he was rated good in Latin, Greek, Spanish, and French, middling in philosophy, and excellent in arithmetic and algebra. During his studies in the Ateneo, he stayed in the house of his paternal aunt, Hilaria H. del Pilar, and her husband, the propagandist Deodato Arellano. He helped his uncle distribute revolutionary pamphlets and other materials. There was one incident in Malolos, where del Pilar stole copies of the book Cuesteones de sumo interes from the parish priest, Father Felipe García, who had a habit of distributing counter-revolutionary materials after mass. These books were set to be distributed after the mass. Del Pilar removed the book covers and pasted the pamphlets inside before distributing them after.

Del Pilar finished his bachelor of arts in March 1896 and had intended to enroll at the School of Arts and Trades and study to become a maestro de obras; however when the Philippine Revolution broke out in August of that year his plans of further study were thwarted. Del Pilar quickly went home to Bulacan and enlisted himself for military service under Colonel Vicente Enríquez.

Philippine Revolution
At the onset of the revolution, and in response to reports of "successive triumphs" in Cavite, some 3,000 revolutionary forces marched to seize the town of Paombong, Bulacan, forming a military government. Del Pilar was among those who marched towards Paombong, although there are also rumors of him being present during the Cry of Balintawak.

Del Pilar was eventually assigned to the forces of Eusébio Roque (also known as Maestrong Sébio) in Kakarong de Sili, a fort near the town of Pandi. On New Year's Day, 1897, del Pilar participated in the defense of Kakarong de Sili, managing to escape with only nine others before the Spaniards overran the fort. He recounts in his diary:

"'As for me, I need not say how I fought. Those who saw me in peril can tell. A Mauser bullet grazed my forehead. Thank God I was spared that danger. Finally, I had to leave the fort because, when I looked for our valiant brothers, none was any longer at his post. This should not cause shame. Self-preservation is the law of God. I passed the night in the barrio of Manatal.'"

His courage and bravery in that action won him recognition and a promotion to the rank of lieutenant. He eventually left Roque's unit - Roque was sold out to the Spanish by his own soldiers and executed in February 1897, and del Pilar began to make his way to Imus, Cavite reaching as far as Montalban in February. He eventually returned to Bulacan and joined Adriano Gatmaitán's army, being promoted to captain in the process.

As captain, del Pilar managed feats of bravery. He once managed to single-handedly ambush a priest and his escort of cazadores from Mambog on their way to Malolos. He shot one of the cazadores which prompted the rest to flee. The event is termed as "pinagtambangan", according to the marker that can be found on Malolos Bridge.

This act netted him several Mauser rifles and four sacks of coins, which he distributed to his troops. He decreed that married men be given 50 pesos each, unmarried ones 25 pesos, and the remaining money be sent to Manila to buy a blanket and a cloak for each soldier. On September 3, 1897, del Pilar executed an attack on the Spanish garrison in the town of Paombong. He and ten other men slipped into town in the night and fell upon the cazadores in the basement of the convent during Sunday mass. Del Pilar himself was stationed in the plaza, firing at the second story of the convent to prevent any men from approaching from the windows. They were eventually able to capture 14 Mauser rifles. Other versions of the raid vary, however. Some tellings talk about how del Pilar and his men slipped into town dressed as women, while other versions have them disguised as cazadores. Del Pilar's success in Paombong caught the attention of Emilio Aguinaldo, who promoted the captain to a lieutenant colonel, eventually earning his trust and being let into his inner circle of confidants. Artemio Ricarte noted that del Pilar's feat in Paombong "exalted him to the horns of the moon".

Del Pilar celebrated his promotion to lieutenant colonel by creating a distinctive flag for himself and his battalion: a tricolor with a blue triangle at the hoist, red stripe on top and black at the bottom, taking cues from the Cuban flag. He first unfurled this flag during his participation in the Battle of Pasong Balite (modern-day Polo, Bulacan) in 1897.

Due to his closeness to Aguinaldo, del Pilar became one of the signatories of the provisional constitution of the Republic of Biak-na-Bato in November 1897. When negotiations with the Spanish took place in the which concluded with the signing of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, Aguinaldo took del Pilar with him to exile in Hong Kong.

Second phase and the Philippine–American War
The exiles in Hong Kong organized a Supreme Council, electing del Pilar to a position second only to Tomás Mascardo. Aguinaldo's confidence in del Pilar grew such that he wrote the following about him:

"'I took him to Hong Kong, Saigon, and Singapore. He was my man of confidence. I could trust him with everything. Therefore, I had him always at my side until he died.'"

When Aguinaldo was supposed to go to Europe, he took only del Pilar and Colonel José Leyba with him. The trip ended in Singapore, where Aguinaldo conferred with American consul E. Spencer Pratt, learning of the American declaration of war against Spain. Spurred by this, Aguinaldo and the other exiles decided to return to the Philippines to restart the revolution.

After the Americans defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Manila Bay, Aguinaldo, del Pilar, and other exiled leaders returned to the Philippines. Aguinaldo named del Pilar Dictator of Bulacan and Nueva Ecija provinces, an honor Aguinaldo would not confer to anybody else.

On del Pilar's return to the Philippines, he set out to liberating his home province of Bulacan, eventually accepting Spanish surrender on June 24, 1898. Del Pilar was then called to relieve the wounded General Pantaleon García and continue operations in Caloocan, ultimately succeeded on August 13, 1898. The Revolutionary Congress was then inaugurated on September 15, 1898, and del Pilar became in charge of the military parade. He was promoted to brigadier general after this event.

When the Philippine–American War broke out in February 1899, following the cession of the Philippines by Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris of 1898, del Pilar fought alongside General Antonio Luna in Manila, suffering heavy casualties. Del Pilar's relationships with his fellow generals were contentious at best. General José Alejandrino wrote of del Pilar:

"'There was a young pretentious general who set up his headquarters in one of the nearby towns, not bothering even to present himself to General [Antonio] Luna. He did not want to recognize any orders other than those which emanated directly from the Captain General [Emílio Aguinaldo] of whom he was a great favorite. At the headquarters of General Luna it was learned that his gentleman spent days and nights at fiestas and dances which his flatterers offered in his honor.'"

Another story between Luna and del Pilar have the two riding together on the front, with Luna so absorbed in what he was saying that he did not notice they were moving into a danger zone. Del Pilar did notice but did not back off because Luna had not. After Manila, del Pilar and his troops moved to Bulacan. Major General Venancio Concepción was placed under his command but the two did not get along. After the fall of Baliuag each blamed the other. Concepción was eventually moved under the command of Luna in Pampanga. Del Pilar, for his part, led his troops to a victory over Major Franklin Bell in the first phase of the Battle of Quingua (modern-day Plaridel, Bulacan) on April 23, 1899. During the battle, his forces repelled a cavalry charge and killed US Colonel John M. Stotsenburg. The Americans were, however, reinforced during the second phase of the Battle and the Filipino forces were forced to retreat. Del Pilar then participated in the Battle of Calumpit alongside General Luna. Luna, however, had left the battle to punish General Tomás Mascardo for insubordination, leaving del Pilar with the defense of the Bagbag River. On Luna's return, the Americans had already succeeded in penetrating the Filipino lines and they were forced to retreat.

On June 4, 1899, del Pilar joined Aguinaldo in San Isidro and received orders to capture Antonio Luna, dead or alive, on charges of high treason. It is said that had Luna not come down himself to Cabanatuan and assassinated by the Kawit Battalion from his headquarters in Bayambang that del Pilar would have gone down as Luna's killer. Del Pilar and Aguinaldo then descended upon General Concepcion's headquarters in Pampanga to relieve him of his position, as he was suspected to be partisan to the assassinated general. Troops surrounded Concepcion's headquarters and sentries were replaced by the presidential guards. Concepción was then relieved of his command on suspicions of a conspiracy being plotted against Aguinaldo.

Del Pilar was then tasked with taking possession of Luna's old headquarters in Bayambang, and of liquidating Luna's former aides-de-camp, Manuel and José Bernal. He arrived in Bayambang on June 7 and managed to capture a younger Bernal brother, Angel, who was arrested and maltreated. Manuel Bernal was captured a few days later, located in the house of the Nable José family. Remedios or Dolores, daughters of the family, was said to be one of del Pilar's last loves. Manuel was tortured in the presence of his younger brother Angel by del Pilar and his brother Julian del Pilar for a week before he was killed. José Bernal was captured soon after, taken to Angeles, Pampanga and murdered by soldiers thereafter.

After this, del Pilar was given command in Pangasinan, where he stayed for five months from June to November 1899. He was also posted in Pangasinan to defend against a possible mutiny from Ilocanos outraged with Luna's assassination, as well as to defend against the Guardia de Honor, a millenarian cult fashioned after the Katipunan. During this time, the American forces were unusually quiet but the revolutionary government failed to capitalize on this opportunity. Del Pilar himself, was engaged in a number of love affairs. In a letter sent to a relative in Bulacan, he asked for the finest of riding boots, while he ordered the best horses in Dagupan to show off his horsemanship.

By November, Tarlac had fallen to the Americans and Aguinaldo was moving northward towards Bayambang. From Bayambang, the fleeing government led an expedition to Santa Barbara. Del Pilar, at the time, had 2,000 troops: 1,000 in the del Pilar Brigade, 350 in the Joven column, 400 in the Kawit Battalion, 100 in the Corps of Lancers, and two vanguard companies. del Pilar led the expedition northward towards Ilocos. During this time he carried a briefcase containing a girl's letter and a lock of hair, from one of his loves in Bulacan.

Tirad Pass and death

In November 1899, Aguinaldo's party had reached the town of Concepción and climbed the peak of Mount Tirad. Del Pilar ordered three lines of trenches be dug up on the pass and had the "pick of all the men that can be spared" on orders from Aguinaldo. While Aguinaldo and the rest were in Cervantes, Ilocos Sur, del Pilar rode to the rearguard to ensure the safety of the retreat. Word had come that the Americans were advancing on Tirad Pass in an effort to cut off Aguinaldo from the Tinio Brigade situated on the Abra River.

The US Army 33rd Infantry Regiment, under Major Peyton C. March took Concepción on December 1 and began to scale Tirad Pass the next day. Although they had difficulty in attacking the Filipino position, they saw an opening with the aid of a Tingguian Igorot named Januario Galut. The Americans then devised a plan to flank the entrenched defenders from the village of Lingay at the foot of the pass, and from the peak. The combined attack surprised the defenders and the engagement barely lasted six hours. Del Pilar was killed in the skirmish from a shot in the neck, killing him instantly. Of the 60 defenders, only eight remained. After the battle, del Pilar's belongings were taken by the Americans as war trophies, including a handkerchief embroidered with the name Dolores, a locket with a picture of a girl, and his diary. His last entry was:

"'The General [Aguinaldo] has given me the pick of all the men that can be spared and ordered me to defend the Pass. I realize what a terrible task has been given me. And yet I felt that this is the most glorious moment of my life. What I do is done for my beloved country. No sacrifice can be too great.'"

Reports of del Pilar's death varied. Two newsmen, John McCutcheon and Richard Henry Little, and a local newspaper called The Manila Freedom reported accounts which captured the imaginations of American and Filipino readers. McCutcheon and Little both reported how del Pilar was the last to fall; how he continually urged his men during the battle to fight on, appealing to their sense of love for their native land; how he refused to turn away on his white horse until all the men had retreated; and his death when a sharpshooter got the better of him. The Manila Freedom wrote this of del Pilar:

"'It is said that in the battle against Major March's troops, Mr. Gregorio del Pilar, surrounded by the dead and the wounded falling by his side, fought a valiant defense, inspiring his troops by his example and, though gravely wounded, had stood atop the trench to animate then when a bullet pierced his heart and he fell among his comrades. When the American troops advanced they found the body of the general on the same spot where he had fallen and the expression on his face was of a command or a supreme desire abruptly interrupted. One of his hands, pressed to his heart, from which blood flowed, clutched a silk handkerchief embroidered with the name of his sweetheart.'"

Filipino accounts of del Pilar's death corroborate each other and are less glamorous. Del Pilar's aide-de-camp, Vicente Enríquez, writes:

"'I returned to the peak where I had left General del Pilar but midway up I saw him with Lietunants Eugenio [Telesforo] Carrasco and Vicente Morales and the bugler. I told him what I had seen. The general quickened his pace on learning that the Americans could be seen from a certain high point. We arrived at the upper trenches. Then we went to the hilltop where I was and the moment we got there we heard renewed firing and saw our soldiers giving battle. Our soldiers, pointing with their hands, warned del Pilar that the enemy was almost on top of us, but we could see nothing save an irregular movement in the cogongrass. So the general ordered a halt to the firing. And erect on the hilltop he tried to see and distinguish the enemy. While he was doing this he was hit by a bullet. The general covered his face with both hands, falling backward and dying instantly. He wore a new khaki uniform with his campaign insignia, his silver spurs, his polished shoulder straps, his silk handkerchiefs, his rings on his fingers. Always handsome and elegant!'"

Lieutenant Telesforo Carrasco also recounted:

"'The general could not see the enemy because of the cogon grass and he ordered a halt to the firing. At that moment I was handing him a carbine and warning him that the Americans were directing their fire at him and that he should crouch down because his life was in danger and at that moment he was hit by a bullet in the neck that caused instant death. on seeing that the general was dead, the soldiers jumped up as if to flee, but I aimed the carbine at them saying I would blow the skull off the brains of the first to run, whereupon they resumed firing while the body of the general was being removed to the next trench.'"

Del Pilar's body lay unburied for days, exposed to the elements. While retracing the trail, an American officer, Lieutenant Dennis P. Quinlan, gave the body a traditional US military burial. Upon del Pilar's tombstone, Quinlan inscribed, "An Officer and a Gentleman".

In 1930, del Pilar's body was exhumed and was identified by dental records.

Personal life
Del Pilar was known for his various relationships during the war. He was reported to have courted almost half a dozen girls, including Neneng Rodrigo, the daughter of Bulacan's civil governor, who has his first love; a sister of Colonel José Leyba; a woman named Poleng; and Felicidad Aguinaldo, the sister of Emilio Aguinaldo. It has been asserted that a woman named Remedios Nable José, a daughter of Don Mariano Nable José from Dagupan, was del Pilar's last love. It was said that Nable José and del Pilar were almost married, but Nable José rejected del Pilar's advances, partly due to his reputation as a playboy. Though Nable José's claim is based solely on an interview of her, there still remained a glaring lack of third-party sources to verify her story. Some are still speculating that her sister, Dolores, was the general's actual last love as there were numbers of third-party resources name her as the one. First, John McCutcheon, the war correspondent that was with the American troops at Tirad Pass. In an article published by the Boston Evening Transcript, McCutcheon details that Gregorio del Pilar and Dolores Nable José were set to be married around mid-November 1899. However, Aguinaldo's order of a hasty retreat in early November caused the wedding to be postponed, and ultimately, to be canceled altogether. He also mentions the handkerchief found on del Pilar's body to be embroidered with Dolores' name, and that a number of the letters retrieved from his person were from her.

There is good reason to believe in the authenticity of McCutcheon's account. For one, McCutcheon knew del Pilar previously, having interviewed him multiple times throughout the war. For another, he was with the soldiers that looted del Pilar's body, and would have actually seen the spoils himself. He also released more articles that consistently named Dolores, where she could be mentioned. Had he been mistaken, he would have corrected himself in a later article, but the reports did not change. Second, Isaac Cruz Jr.'s biography of Gregorio del Pilar, General Gregorio H. Del Pilar: Idol of the Revolution, includes statements from Tirad Pass survivors that he was able to interview before they passed on.

Lieutenent José Enríquez recounted that Major March showed them some of the del Pilar's belongings in his possession, and asked explicitly for Dolores Nable José. Additionally, Captain Isidro Wenceslao mentioned that Dolores was in del Pilar's thoughts during his last meeting with Aguinaldo.

Aside from being two of the only survivors from the Tirad Pass, both men were particularly close to del Pilar. Enríquez was the younger brother of Vicente Enríquez and Anacleto Enríquez, who were del Pilar's aide-de-camp and supporter respectively. The children of both families were neighbors and childhood friends.

Meanwhile, Isidro Wenceslao was part of the famed "Seven Musketeers of Pitpitan", a group of young men led by del Pilar that initially joined Maestrong Sebio's forces at Kakarong de Sili.

If anyone had been privy to the thoughts and feelings of del Pilar, especially in matters so important to him as love, it would be these men. Third, "Nandaragupan: the story of a coastal city and Dagupan Bangus" names Dolores Nable José as the Dagupan belle that del Pilar fell in love with during his stay in Pangasinan. After del Pilar's death, Dolores seems to have disappeared from the records, as there is no mention of her in the 1916 court case where her other siblings and father appear.

Despite all this, del Pilar's love life still remains a mystery to all historians.

Memorials

 * Fort Del Pilar, home of the Philippine Military Academy in Baguio, is named after him.
 * In 1944, the Japanese-sponsored Philippine republic of President Jose P. Laurel issued the Tirad Pass Medal commemorating the battle and del Pilar's sacrifice. A bust of General del Pilar occupies the center of the obverse (front) side of the medal. The Tirad Pass Medal was the only award issued to recognize service to the Laurel government during the Japanese occupation.
 * In 1955, the town of Concepcion, Ilocos Sur, where the Battle of Tirad Pass took place, was renamed Gregorio del Pilar in his honor.
 * In 2011, the newest vessel of the Philippine Navy, BRP Gregorio del Pilar, was named after him. The ship is a patrol frigate.
 * In 2024, Bulacan Capitol Mini-Forest Park is re-branded as Gregorio H. del Pilar Park in his honor at Bulacan Provincial Capitol compound.

In popular culture

 * Portrayed by José Padilla Jr. in the postwar film Hen. Gregorio del Pilar (1949), opposite Tessie Quintana.
 * His life was shown in the Philippine television news show Case Unclosed as its 13th episode.
 * Portrayed by Romnick Sarmenta in the film Tirad Pass: The Last Stand of Gen. Gregorio del Pilar (1996).
 * Portrayed by Dingdong Dantes in the official Lupang Hinirang music video produced by GMA Network released in 2010.
 * Portrayed by Felix Roco in the film El Presidente (2012).
 * Portrayed by Paulo Avelino in the films Heneral Luna (2015) and its sequel, Goyo: Ang Batang Heneral (2018).
 * The final chapter of novel Po-on written by National Artist for Literature F. Sionil Jose describes del Pilar's final evening and the Battle of Tirad Pass from the point of view of Eustaquio Samson, a fictional character. Samson is an Ilocano farmer forced to flee his hometown after suffering abuse from a Spanish friar. Having been the confidante of Apolinario Mabini in Rosales town and now acting as his messenger, Samson is cold-shouldered by del Pilar when Samson tells him he lost Mabini's letter; and further suspected of being an enemy spy when Samson claims he was beaten unconscious by the Americans at Candon but somehow woke up alive and abandoned amongst the dead villagers. Samson describes del Pilar as vain, arrogant, and full of youthful folly. He nevertheless joins the Tagalog defenders of the Pass in honor of the "Honorable Cripple" and out of patriotic duty.

title: Gregorio del Pilar


text: User talk:210.7.79.113

title: User talk:210.7.79.113


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/National Geographic Magazine's abuse of geographical names

National Geographic Magazine's abuse of geographical names
National Geographic Magazine's abuse of geographical names was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete.

Wikipedia is not the place for editorials --Carnildo 07:34, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC) --Mani1 07:36, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * This article should stay because it reflects a very actual and important fact.
 * It reflects a sem-literate rant, is what it does. Delete. --Calton 11:22, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV rant on a subject not deserving an entire article. Gamaliel 07:39, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, Wikipedia is not a soapbox. Gazpacho 07:41, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV material with an inherently POV title. [[User:Livajo|Ливай | ☺]] 07:46, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - Inherently POV. --Polynova 07:57, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)

The Note about recent actions of National Geographic should remain. It contains historical facts.

Pejman www.artistswithoutfrontiers.com/pakbarzadeh/
 * The above was posted by 213.217.39.18. It is the only edit under that IP address. --Carnildo 08:58, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete as unsalvagable POV problem. DreamGuy 10:24, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Can't be made NPOV, can't be made encyclopedic, can't be made readable. If this belongs in Wikipedia, I can imagine something like Unjust personal attacks in Rolling Stone's review of William Hung's latest album or Liberal bias in Fox News. --Szyslak 12:16, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

The article just reflects facts and only facts. Nothing POV about it. National geographic has made hostile political statements on its maps and has added the sentence "Occupied by ..." on parts of a country which is internationally and by all standards recognised as a legal part of that country. It has also altered several toponyms without a shame. Like me going and publish an atlas and give many places in England, Arabic names! Mentioning these facts is not POV, it is just mentioning the facts. Or is Wikipedia reserved just for mentioning the facts which are pleasant to the American ears?? --Mani1 14:05, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Listen, Mani1, it's not that we aren't sympathetic, but you need think about some things: 1) The title is highly inflammatory ("abuse") so very POV. I'm sure National Gepgraphic doesn't consider it abuse (though whether they call it a strange accident or they think their way is right is unknown to me), so obviously "abuse" is not an established fact, so the article can't be called that. 2) Mere facts (if they are facts instead of opinions) alone do not make something encyclopedia worthy. There has to be a broader context that these facts are brought up over. 3) Think about what's your main point here. That western scholars are biased against your country? Then perhaps there is an article somewhere discussing the sides of that issue that the facts fit better in. That there is dispute over place names? Use this as an example in an article discussing the issue. Are there other examples of what you are talking about? Cultural reactions? Lawsuits? Find out what the overall concern you want to discuss is, and then maybe that goes in an article about that. On the other hand, maybe there aren't enough examples of this kind of problem and it just doesn't rise to the level of a full article. Lots of facts on their own don't make the cut. DreamGuy 15:55, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)

 * Mani1, take a look at the Sea of Japan article for an example of how another such dispute has been discussed. Gazpacho 21:37, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete: POV objection to the National Geographic Society. It's an essay.  We're all sorry that the NGS is offending folks in Iran, but arguing about it is not encyclopedic.  Geogre 14:48, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Highly POV rant by someone with an axe to grind. Not encyclopedic. Katefan0 15:30, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I've tried to explain on the Talk:National Geographic Society, Wikipedia can mention the naming dispute between Iran and the National Geographic, but needs to treat the dispute according to NPOV. If you can simply lay out the facts of the dispute in a calm and neutral way -- who exactly accuses the Geographic of what and why, perhaps with some historical background, that would be fine. An external link to a site giving the Iranian position is fine. This article, however, is not encyclopedic. It is an angry rant, and therefore doesn't belong here in its present state. -- Infrogmation 16:09, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Do we have an article on the various standard practices for transliterating (&c) foreign names? I know there have been significant international differences in the past, some major changes, and a few "conceptual shifts" (it becoming more common to use local forms of the name, for example) - a discussion on the NGS issue would fit in very well there. I'm not the person to write it, though... Shimgray 18:44, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete I wouldn't object to a "National Geographic naming controversy" article but both the title and article are hopelessly POV.
 * Delete if there is actually a controversy (which is not demonstrated in the article), that shoulc be included in the National Geographic article itself. Michael Ward 19:06, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Rant doesn't even seem to be accurate--according to CIA world factbook, and others, the islands are indeed disputed, with the UAE having a fairly legitimate claim to them. Niteowlneils 19:36, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Will I offend Mani1 if I say DELETE in Arabic? —ExplorerCDT 19:47, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. If this should go anywhere, it should go under the Nat Geog article, not as a separate POV quasi-rant. BTW, I should point out that this is obviously part of an ongoing Iranian nationalist campaign against the use of the term "Arabian Gulf" - see Google News for more coverage. -- ChrisO 21:27, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete; inherently POV. —tregoweth 21:29, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, but we could use an article on Place name controversies, that would include this, Macedonia, East Sea/Sea of Japan, a million towns in western Poland... ---jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 22:14, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I concur. Samaritan 03:07, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. For all the reasons above. Move it to the user's user page if they really want to keep it. [[User:David_Johnson|David Johnson [ T|C ] ]] 23:54, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Take a breath there, Big Boy, and give back some of those exclamation marks if you don't mind. Denni ☯ 00:49, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 00:53, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. EventHorizon 02:37, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete if for no other reason then for its use of four exclamation marks and the "?!" -- Paul Richter 08:24, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, but I like the idea above integrating the information (NPOV'ed) into Place name controversies, which would be an interesting article. Tempshill 22:57, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete I suspect this of being the same guy who kept trying to mess with the Persian Gulf article a few months back. Tried to persuade us that England was called The Land. DJ Clayworth 06:47, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * He's also very recently tried to rename England as "Arabland", which is just bizarre... -- ChrisO 02:18, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

--212.238.143.99 08:42, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Do not Delete This article expresses a fact and gives good information. It should stay in this encyclopaedia.
 * Delete as it seems there is no way to make it NPOV or even totally verifiable. Once you delete all the opinions, ranting, and bad spelling, you have at best a couple of sentences that resemble fact. Perhaps a line or two regarding this can be added to National Geographic's article proper, but that's about it. Inky 01:48, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Most of the facts in this article are already in the National Geographic article (hopefully in an NPOV form right now) --Carnildo 05:08, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete A quick Googling shows that there is an ongoing and widespread argument over the gulf's name, and it's not particular to National Geographic. iMeowbot 05:00, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Even if it were NPOV it is so location-specific that it should be dealt with in the articles for that location, and in conjunction with above comment about not peculiar to National Geographic, there's just nothing there. Gene Nygaard 00:31, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Attempt to push a POV. jni 07:13, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.