text:
Talk:Sam Francis (writer)

Personal Life
Never married 57 year old Christian conservative who railed against pornography, sodomy and miscegenation...There has to be more information here. The man had no personal life? He never even dated? No parents? No church he attended? Where is the rest of the biography here? 173.117.169.78 (talk) 11:54, 25 June 2011 (UTC)

Well-mannered?
Does anyone, such as maybe the original anonymous author, have a citation for this quotation? It doesn't Google. -Willmcw 01:28, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC) The Anti-Defamation League branded Francis "an advocate of well mannered white supremacy",...

 * Go to this site and search for the word 'well-mannered', it's there. --B Sveen

Thanks for finding it. Here it is: Another featured speaker at AR conferences has been Sam Francis, a former Washington Times columnist who was dismissed in September 1995 after his racial views were publicized by conservative writer Dinesh D'Souza. Francis has since become a writer, editor and lecturer for another outpost of well-mannered white supremacy, the Council of Conservative Citizens (CCC), and an outspoken advocate of separation of the races. In a presentation at the 1994 AR convention, Francis stated that white Americans must reassert our identity and our solidarity, and we must do so in explicitly racial terms through the articulation of a racial consciousness as whites....The civilization we as whites created in Europe and America could not have developed apart from the genetic endowment of the creating people, nor is there any reason to believe that the civilization can be successfully transmitted to a different people.

It seems to me that the CCC is the "outpost of well-mannered white supremacy," so it isn't a literal quote to say that Francis is their advocate, but a rather a logical surmise. We should leave the quote but drop the quotation marks. -Willmcw 02:09, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Too many blockq quotes
Let's cut back on the lengthy block quotes. This is an encyclopedia article, and sohold be succinct. -Will Beback 18:13, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

The problem is when dealing with a controversial figure like this, there's no real NPOV summary of what the guy says, so you have to let him speak for himself. Also, in the case of Francis, the quotes themselves become areas of contention, as in "he said X, therefore he is a racist/sexist/homophobe/whatever." Yakuman 19:45, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * His words are widely avaialbe for those who wish to read the original comments. Our job is to summarize. Where quotes aqre absolutely necessary they should be as short as possible. -Will Beback 20:06, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

There are seventeen quotes from hard copy sources, which aren't widely available. At the magic number of 32k, this is not terribly long. Don't worry about it. Yakuman 22:08, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Five quotes is the usual number, with the excess moved to Wikiquotes. -Will Beback 20:01, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

"Machiavellian"
Could someone edit "Machiavellian" to link to Niccolo Machiavelli? "Machiavellian" is a term describing a ruthless schemer, deriving from a common misconception of the controversial and misunderstood principles Machiavelli actually believed in and advocated. The way it is makes it look like Francis was a nasty character rather who would to anything to get ahead rather than a student of Machiavelli. I'd change it myself, but my browser is too small and it would cut the page in half. 05:26, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Is there any truth to the story that Sam had a death bed conversion to catholicism?

Lead assumes too much
"Nationally syndicated" in where? Canada? Scotland? Australia? The lead needs to locate this man in history and geography, not just politics, to give the political details any context. 87.113.24.173 (talk) 23:49, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

RfC
An RfC: Which descriptor, if any, can be added in front of Southern Poverty Law Center when referenced in other articles? has been posted at the Southern Poverty Law Center talk page. Your participation is welcomed. – MrX 17:16, 22 September 2012 (UTC)

Vox Day on YouTube 2018 mention of Samuel Francis
August 4 2018 Vox Day (Darkstream) live stream on YouTube was complaining that a fellow conservative columnist and commentator, Ben Shapiro, was far from an original thinking critic of the status quo narratives and presented Samuel Francis as an improved such intellect, writer, and speaker by stark comparison. However, a YouTube examination of Samuel Francis from 2000 or video recordings of a speech given so shows that he did not adequately balance his abstract political thinking with the practical health and appearance aspects of his life due to Francis' being a good deal overweight and in so doing being prone to its ill effects such as cardio vascular disease, etc. Can any of these two videos be referenced in the article? Oldspammer (talk) 20:40, 21 April 2019 (UTC)

 * I don’t think that’s appropriate. It’s kind of strange that you think a columnist’s weight was more relevant than his actual opinions. 2604:2D80:6984:3800:0:0:0:121B (talk) 01:02, 24 November 2022 (UTC)

Proposed merge with Anarcho-tyranny

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a

Merge Proposal and / or Redirect. Please do not modify it. The result of the request for the Proposed Merger of {requested article} into this talk page's article was: Consensus reached per policy arguments – Awaiting Merge. —    —     —     —     —

This neologism is not widely used outside of its original author. It would be sufficient to cover it there, where content has already been merged. It should only be split out in summary style when warranted by an overabundance of secondary, independent source coverage. czar 23:14, 8 June 2019 (UTC)
 * By now the term is almost three decades old. I expanded the article and added 8 more sources to it. Most of them are in Chronicles, but also some others. The term quite precisely describes a (real or perceived) state in a regime. The article in question will help any reader wanting to look into its meaning, origin and use. --Bensin (talk) 23:42, 9 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Right, but I'm still not seeing how the term has currency outside its author. The entirety of its contents could fit within Francis's article without losing any fidelity. czar  10:07, 10 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm thinking the currency here is at least 15 years of use of the term by other writers than its creator. Sure, use may be limited (as may be expected for a term describing such a specific state) but use is established by sources and the use is consistent. About half of the writers refer back to Francis and his definition. --Bensin (talk) 20:25, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * It could be 1000 years with 1000 other writers mentioning the term but if none go into any greater depth than its simple definition, then we have no substance with which to write an encyclopedia article. What fidelity would be lost from this stub if it were merged into Francis? czar  15:41, 23 June 2019 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure I follow you. Your initial objection was that the term was "not widely used outside of its original author". Now that use has been demonstrated you're arguing that even 1000 writers' use would not suffice, but for different reasons. Note that currently only online sources are used. There may well be literary sources. The article may be short, but other than the definition, it also outlines the origin, history and examples of use. All of which may benefit a reader.
 * What do you mean by "greater depth than its simple definition"? Though the writers in the references do use the definition they also apply it and some follow up with examples.
 * Even if all text and all sources were kept at a merger to the article about Francis, what would be lost would be: 1) The article name "Anarcho-tyranny" would no longer show up as a separate entry in search engines. 2) Anyone wanting to link to the definition, within or from outside Wikipeida, would have to link to a section in the Francis article, and interwiki links would not be possible. 3) It would not be as immediately apparent that the concept is separate from, and used outside, its originator. 4) It would not be possible to more precisely categorize the concept itself (since it would have to share all the categories with the Francis-article).
 * How would you say Wikipedia would benefit from a merger in this case? --Bensin (talk) 21:13, 26 June 2019 (UTC)
 * In the cited sources, no, it is not widely used outside of its association with Francis. If the term has no independent currency to note, then all that needs to be said about the subject would fit within a summary style section in its parent article (on Francis). czar  03:51, 31 July 2019 (UTC)
 * I would say that it is quite common to name the creator of an idea, term, phrase, quote when it is used. That does not diminish the term's independence from its creator. Once published, a creator can never control how an idea is being used and it is thus independent from its creator. Also, it is difficult to imagine an idea being more independent from its creator than when it survives its creator and is used after the creator's death, which is the case here. Given the four points I listed above, how would you say Wikipedia would benefit from a merger in this case? --Bensin (talk) 20:18, 2 August 2019 (UTC)

I have to agree with it's meaningless to argue about it without citing any source. Without an overabundance of secondary, independent source coverage, it doesn't warrant its own page. If you believe it's notable in its own way, then cite your sources and put your money where your mouth is. Either way, I hope other users can come in and state their thoughts.--79.19.28.124 (talk) 13:34, 6 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Sources are cited in the article Anarcho-tyranny. After my last update the number of sources is currently 16, of which 14 support use of writers other than Francis. --Bensin (talk) 06:05, 7 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your reply, it's always the IP above. I have seen the sources, but they're mainly from LewRockwell.com, the Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture and National Review. I would like others, more expert users to join this discussion because I'm not sure these sources are enough to support it as its own page rather than as a section of the main article.--79.52.17.197 (talk) 23:49, 14 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Hello again. I have explained above why I think a merger is not a good idea. Also, the article has been updated since my post above and the number of sources is currently 22 and from a variety of authors and publications (of which National Review, Chronicles, Law & Liberty and Reason may be the most reputable.) That should be enough to establish notability. --Bensin (talk) 15:11, 16 August 2019 (UTC)
 * It's always the IP above, but from now on I will be using my account, now that I got it back, so as to avoid further and unneeded confusion. I believe you, but I'm not really an expert and I would like to wait for what would say; and if that would be enough not to merge. Thank you; I appreciate your effort.--Davide King (talk) 19:34, 17 August 2019 (UTC)

 * For this term to warrant its own article, it would need to have significant coverage in multiple reliable, independent sources, not just a lot of footnotes. By the definition of significant, I could go individually through the "22 sources" mentioned above if needed, but last I checked, they would only use the phrase in passing, not developing the topic past relating the original neologism (always in reference to Francis) obliquely to some other topic. When two topics are closely related, the standard we use is called "summary style", meaning that when we have some overabundance of secondary source material to paraphrase on anarcho-tyranny such that it would be out-of-place to expand all of it within Francis's article, only then would we split it out to its own article. For comparison, this is how "social ecology" or "libertarian municipalism" works in Murray Bookchin—the terms are certainly used by others in many articles, but that doesn't mean there is enough actual content to warrant duplicating their sections within his biography as their own pages. czar  19:45, 17 August 2019 (UTC)

 * You seem to be moving the goalpost. When you say the term is "not widely used outside of its original author" and I provide plenty sources proving that it is used, cited and applied by prominent writers, scholars and reputable publications, you say this resulted in too many footnotes. You say that none of the writers "go into any greater depth than its simple definition", but many writers follow up the definition of the term and and supply examples. When you ask what would be lost by a merger, I provide several drawbacks such a merger would entail. When I in turn ask you how Wikipedia would benefit from a merger (given the significant drawbacks), you do not answer. You say that the use of anarcho-tyranny is "always in reference to Francis" (my italicization), but Francis is not even mentioned in the following sources, and in the sources he is mentioned, it is often in a passing attribution. I also explained here why I don't consider the attribution an issue. Anyway, I updated the article again. If you think it can be further improved, you are welcome to contribute. --Bensin (talk) 16:35, 18 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Here is a breakdown of how the term is invoked in each of the listed 22 sources:
 * Passing mention, invoked only as a definition in relation to Francis (nothing to paraphrase for the purposes of writing an encyclopedia article apart from its invocation)

 * Lew Rockwell. "Anarcho-Tyranny in Baghdad", lewrockwell.com, 12 April 2003. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
 * Eugene Girin. "Witnessing Anarcho-Tyranny", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, 20 October 2014.
 * John Seiler. "Obama Imposes Anarcho-Tyranny on Ferguson", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, 25 November 2014.
 * Eric Peters. "The Tyranny of Traffic Enforcement", lewrockwell.com, 12 April 2011.
 * NR Staff. "The Week", National Review, 14 April 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * NR Staff. "The Week", National Review, 11 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Kevin D. Williamson. "A Bit More on the Speech Police", National Review, 18 April 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Jerry Salyer. "Paleoconservatives and Trump", The Catholic World Report, 10 November 2016.
 * Kevin D. Williamson. "The Left Embraces Political Violence", National Review, 15 June 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Justin Raimondo. "Forget the Russian 'Threat': Mexico Is Our Real Problem", antiwar.com, 16 June 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2019.

 * Passing mention, not even invoked as a definition

 * Daniel McCarthy. "Empire Without End", lewrockwell.com, 23 April 2003. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Brian Wilson. "'We're Doomed!'", lewrockwell.com, 24 July 2004. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * David Kopel. "Defenseless On the Bayou", Reason, 10 September 2005. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Aurelian Craiutu. "Thinking with Tocqueville: Courage not Ambition, Moderation not Pessimism", Law & Liberty, 30 November 2012. (Craiutu is Professor of Political Science at Indiana University, Bloomington.)
 * Mark Krikorian. "Legal Immigrants Go to the Back of the Line", National Review, 10 February 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Kevin D. Williamson. "Meet the New Serfs: You", National Review, 23 October 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2019.

 * Unreliable or primary source (does not show external noteworthiness; not used for purposes of independent notability)

 * Jerry Pournelle. "Monday July 28, 2003, Anarcho-Tyranny", jerrypournelle.com, 28 July 2003. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
 * Samuel Francis. "Synthesizing Tyranny", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, April 2005 issue. At the Internet Archive.

 * Rockford Institute-affiliated magazine literally in eulogy to Francis

 * "April 2005—Anarcho-Tyranny: The Perpetual Revolution", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, April 2005 issue. At the Internet Archive.
 * (subarticle; paywalled) Srđa Trifković. "Global Anarcho-Tyranny", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, 1 March 2005.
 * (subarticle; paywalled) Thomas Fleming. "Synthesizing Tyranny", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, 1 March 2005.
 * (subarticle; this is the only available full text that appears to even grapple with the concept, but even still can be summarized in two sentences max for the purposes of an encyclopedia article) Chilton Williamson, Jr.. Synthetic Syntheses (Excerpt from What's Wrong With The World), chiltonwilliamson.com. "Synthetic Syntheses", Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, 3 October 2005.

 * No, it is not widely used outside of its association with Francis, outside of partisan sources, outside of being invoked as more than a dictionary definition. (Indeed, the list reads as if every Google hit for "anarcho-tyranny" was imported into the article.) The policy for such usage is to cover the topic within the context of how sources use it—that is, to take the few meaningfully sourced sentences we can feasibly write on the subject and merge them into Francis's article. This is no different than what I first said. If and when the concept's coverage expands to warrant paragraphs worth of text, no one would object to splitting out said section into its own article. But that isn't the case right now. czar  02:05, 2 September 2019 (UTC)

 * You seem to disqualify the first 10 sources because they do provide a definition, and the next 6 because they don't. When you classify David Kopel's text as a "Passing mention", you may have overlooked that the entire text is about what Kopel argues are examples of anarcho-tyranny. Which sources, according to you, are partisan with respect to the article subject, and how? And you still have not answered my question, which is central to this: Given the four points I listed above (here), how would you say Wikipedia would benefit from a merger in this case? --Bensin (talk) 21:29, 5 September 2019 (UTC)
 * ? I think I've talked these points to death but at risk of repeating myself one last time: In all of these citations there is no fundamental content that can be expanded into a meaningful encyclopedia article. All we can write is that the term has been invoked a bunch of times (the above list's onus being on the "passing mention" part, not the "definition" part). The standard, when there is no substantive content, is to merge. Self-evidently, the questions of how best to link and categorize the term are secondary to whether we can write an encyclopedia article that supports the concept. I hope this answer is satisfactory as I'm not going to try to convince you further. Take care, czar  12:27, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 * The article may be short, but calling it not meaningful is a stretch. Categorizing and linking is secondary, and had the article been void of content I would agree with your proposal to merge. But that is not the case here, and i disagree when you say "All we can write is that the term has been invoked a bunch of times". Other than mere examples, the article contains information about end and means; lack of ideology; similarities and differences when compared to other terms. The sources used in the article establish notability. They prove that the use of the term (rather than "not widely used outside of its original author" as claimed) actually is quite wide spread. The vague claim of sources being partisan has not been precised nor substantiated. As I said before: If you think the article can be further improved, you are welcome to contribute. --Bensin (talk) 10:55, 15 September 2019 (UTC)

 * MERGE per arguments and analysis above, esp those of User:czar. Term can easily fit into author article and fails self-notability.  "Mentions" do not equal notability.  A split is unwarranted at this time.  Regards,  GenQuest  "Talk to Me" 20:08, 7 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Plenty sources prove that it is used, cited and applied by prominent writers, scholars and reputable publications. Notability is established: The topic has received significant coverage ("more than a trivial mention, but it does not need to be the main topic of the source material"). However, some sources do go into greather depth than others. Have you read them all? The drawbacks of a merger listed above have not been addressed. I don't know what "self-notability" means, and it is not listed in neither Wiktionary nor Merriam-Webster. One may also note that since this article was created on 19 May 2019, it has been read almost 2400 times. --Bensin (talk) 14:23, 8 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Merge As I find Czar's assessment of applicable sources compelling. Simonm223 (talk) 13:17, 16 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Your comments may carry more weight if you assess them yourself instead of relying on someone else's assessment. --Bensin (talk) 10:26, 28 September 2019 (UTC)

— —  —  —  —  The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a WP:PM. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section. GenQuest "Talk to Me" 16:30, 11 October 2019 (UTC) A copy of this template can be found here.

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 08:07, 30 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Samuel T. Francis.jpg

Requested move 23 March 2024

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: no consensus. (closed by non-admin page mover) BilledMammal (talk) 04:15, 7 April 2024 (UTC)

Sam Francis (writer) → Samuel T. Francis – Many of the more recent works use this name. Jfhutson (talk) 00:47, 23 March 2024 (UTC) — Relisting.  NW1223 < Howl at me • My hunts > 14:00, 30 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Disagree I'm not seeing evidence that "Many of the more recent works use this name". Even a Google search for Samuel Francis, along with a few other words that he's associated with, returned recent articles that call him Sam Francis, every time. Fred Zepelin (talk) 19:04, 26 March 2024 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

White supremacist
Reliable secondary sources establish that Francis was a white supremacist, and that's what was most notable about his writings. Any labels attempting to soften the image of this dead writer are just whitewashing. Note that "white nationalist" is just a marketing term that white supremacists have employed in recent years to distance themselves from the original description, so it's effectively the same thing. Fred Zepelin (talk) 19:41, 1 April 2024 (UTC)

 * "Reliable secondary sources"
 * This is why Wikipedia became irrelevant. 2600:1700:8341:3100:750B:2C15:A157:5612 (talk) 13:45, 11 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sam Francis (writer)


text:
Jerry Trupiano

Jerome Michael Trupiano (born in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American radio sportscaster, best known for his former role as a play-by-play announcer for the Boston Red Sox. Trupiano is a graduate of Saint Louis University, where he began his broadcasting career as a disc jockey on the college radio station.

Career
Trupiano hosted a talk show for fourteen years in Houston and called games for MLB's Houston Astros (1985-86), the Montreal Expos (1989-90), the World Hockey Association's Houston Aeros (1974–78), the National Basketball Association's Houston Rockets (1978–80), the National Football League's Houston Oilers (1980–89), Southwest Conference Football (1978-88), World League of American Football games for TSN (1992) and called games on the CBS Radio Game of the Week in 1991 before joining Joe Castiglione in the Red Sox' radio booth in 1993.

Trupiano called the Red Sox' 2004 World Series-winning game at Busch Stadium. The Red Sox radio team was forced to an auxiliary press box due to all of the media coverage and Trupiano called the game from the booth he had used for practice broadcasts decades earlier.

Departure from Red Sox
On September 27, 2006, the Boston Herald reported that Trupiano's contract would not be renewed and noted that Trupiano might end up with the St. Louis Cardinals. Trupiano denied that any talks with the Cardinals had taken place.

Current activities
On May 16, 2007, Trupiano was joined by his son Brian to call a game between the Brockton Rox and the Oil Can Boyd's Traveling All-Stars. The All-Star team features retired major league players Dennis 'Oil Can' Boyd, Bill Lee, Marquis Grissom, Delino DeShields and Ken Ryan. The game was broadcast on a taped delay by two local Public-access television cable TV stations.

Trupiano also worked as on Westwood One's broadcasts of the NCAA Men's College World Series finals in 2007 and 2008.

In August 2009, Trupiano returned to the air on a regular weekend sports call-in show on 98.5 The Sports Hub Radio (WBZ-FM) in Boston.

Trupiano is also the main sports anchor for Lexy.com, an audio social media startup in San Francisco. His responsibilities include coverage of the major college and sports leagues, as well as his own commentary feeds such as "View From the Booth" and "Dugout Daily."

In 2010, Trupiano signed on with Fox Sports to become the play-by-play voice of the Ivy League on Fox College Sports.

He is also an instructor at Young Broadcasters of America in Natick, Massachusetts.

Family
Trupiano lives in Franklin, Massachusetts, with his wife, Donna, and two children. In 2006, his son Brian played for the Brockton Rox, part of the Canadian-American Association of Professional Baseball.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jerry Trupiano


text:
Clan na Gael

Clan na Gael (CnG) (Clann na nGael, ; "family of the Gaels") is an Irish republican organization, founded in the United States in the late 19th and 20th centuries, successor to the Fenian Brotherhood and a sister organization to the Irish Republican Brotherhood.

Background

As Irish immigration to the United States of America began to increase in the 18th century many Irish organizations were formed. One of the earliest was formed under the name of the Irish Charitable Society and was founded in Boston, Massachusetts in 1737. These new organizations went by varying names, most notably the Ancient and Most Benevolent Order of the Friendly Brothers of Saint Patrick, founded in New York in 1767, the Society of the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick for the Relief of Emigrants in Philadelphia in 1771, and the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick also formed in New York in 1784.

In the later part of the 1780s, a strong Irish patriot (rather than Catholic) character began to grow in these organizations and amongst recently arrived Irish immigrants. The usage of Celtic symbolism helped solidify this sense of nationalism and was most noticeably found in the use of the name "Hibernian." (Hibernia is the Latin name for Ireland.)

In 1858, the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) had been founded in Dublin by James Stephens. The initial decision to create this organization came about after Stephens consulted, through special emissary Joseph Denieffe, with John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny, members of a precursor group called the Emmet Monument Association.

In response to the establishment of the IRB in Dublin, a sister organization was founded in New York City, the Fenian Brotherhood, led by O'Mahony. This arm of Fenian activity in America produced a surge in radicalism among groups of Irish immigrants, many of whom had recently emigrated from Ireland during and after the Great Hunger. In October, 1865, the Fenian Philadelphia Congress met and appointed the Irish Republican Government in the US. But in 1865, in Ireland, the IRB newspaper The Irish People had been raided by the police and the IRB leadership was imprisoned. Another abortive uprising would occur in 1867, but the British remained in control.

After the 1865 crackdown in Ireland, the American organization began to fracture over what to do next. Made up of veterans of the American Civil War, a Fenian army had been formed. While O'Mahony and his supporters wanted to remain focused on supporting rebellions in Ireland a competing faction, called the Roberts, or senate wing, wanted this Fenian Army to attack British bases in Canada. The resulting Fenian Raids strained US–British relations. The level of American support for the Fenian cause began to diminish as the Fenians were seen as a threat to stability in the region.

The Irish were still seen as a foreign people within the borders of the American state by anti-Catholic Americans such as members of the Know-Nothing Party; their existence within America was seen primarily as temporary camps of immigrants who planned to stay in America only as long as the British stayed in Ireland. Upon the British withdrawal from Irish soil, it was believed, the Irish immigrants would return to their native land. The Fenian Raids were seen as an astonishing example of immigrant activity in US history and Irish nationalism has itself become something of an exception among the American melting pot. Very few US immigrants concerned themselves with their mother country as did the Irish; in March 1868, 100,000 Fenian supporters held an anti-British demonstration in New York.

Creation
After 1867, the Irish Republican Brotherhood headquarters in Manchester chose to support neither of the existing feuding factions, but instead promoted a renewed Irish republican organization in America, to be named Clan na Gael. According to John Devoy in 1924, Jerome J. Collins founded what was then called the Napper Tandy Club in New York on 20 June 1867 – Wolfe Tone's birthday. This club expanded into others and at one point at a picnic in 1870 was named the Clan na Gael by Sam Cavanagh. This was the same Cavanagh who killed the informer George Clark, who had exposed a Fenian pike-making operation in Dublin to the police.

Collins, who died in 1881 on the disastrous Jeannette expedition to the North Pole, was a science editor for the New York Herald, who had left England in 1866 when a plot he was involved in to free the Fenian prisoners at Pentonville Prison was uncovered by the police. Collins believed at the time of the founding in 1867 that the two feuding Fenians branches should patch things up.

Catalpa rescue
After arriving in America in 1871 John Devoy indicated he joined the Clan na Gael early on and attempted several times at Clan conventions to get the Clan to adopt a plan to free the military prisoners held by the British in Fremantle Australia. In 1874 John Devoy, with some oratorical help from Thomas Francis Bourke, was elected chairman of the executive board of the Clan and was also chosen to execute the rescue of the prisoners. Bourke warned Devoy that there would be "kickers" and he would have to have a heavy hand to control the Clan na Gael and succeed in the project. John Devoy devoted all his time to this project and oversaw the purchase of the bark Catalpa and the outfitting of this ship as a whaler. The Clan hired American George S. Anthony as its ship captain along with a New Bedford-based whaling crew. John received considerable help in running the Clan from Dr. William Carroll who was elected Executive Board Chairman in 1875 and between them they controlled Clan activity until 1882. Carroll was of Ulster Protestant stock and brought in others to the Clan from the upper middle class such as Simon Barclay Conover, Senator from Florida. Devoy's nemesis during the fund raising for the enterprise was John Goff, an aspiring Clan member who later became a New York Supreme Court Judge and who, perhaps, resented the influence of Bourke and Devoy in the Clan. Devoy did in fact take a strong hand and began tossing out Clan members for malfeasance in office and violation of Clan rules as is shown in "General Circular No. 2" dated 15 January 1875. The success of the rescue in 1876 resulted in the Clan na Gael replacing for all practical purposes the Fenian Brotherhood as the spokesman of Irish-American nationalism.

Under the leadership of John Devoy, Clan na Gael would eventually be successful in educating Americans about the movement.

New Departure 1879
In 1879, Devoy promoted a "New Departure" in Irish republican thinking, by which the "physical force party" allied itself with the Irish Parliamentary Party under the political leadership of Charles Stewart Parnell, MP; the political plans of the Fenians were thus combined with the agrarian revolution inaugurated by the Irish National Land League. The arrangement was cemented at the first Irish Race Convention held in Chicago in 1881.

By 1880, more aggressive men within the Clan na Gael were chafing at the slow pace of Devoy and Carroll and these men were able to take control of the organization in 1882 when two "action men", Alexander Sullivan and Michael Boland took over the reins and ran the clan as a dictatorship along with an inactive Mr. Feeley. The new leadership ignored the Revolutionary Council set up by Carroll to coordinate between the IRB and the Clan and began to operate in total secrecy from even the membership of the Clan. These three men called themselves the "Triangle" and began making bombing runs into England in what was called the "Dynamite War". This infuriated the IRB in Ireland which cut ties with the Irish-Americans. Michael Boland was later pointed out as a British spy which might have explained why the majority of the bombers were caught and jailed before they could strike.

The 1880s saw the solidification, at least within America, of Irish ideological orientations, with most nationalist sentiment finding its home within Clan na Gael, rather than organizations such as the Ancient Order of Hibernians. The more agrarian-minded found their ideological brethren within the Irish Federation of America. The third ideological strand was connected to the union and socialist movement and found support with the Knights of Labor. In the late 1880s a financial scandal in the Chicago branch of the Clan led to a successful conspiracy to murder whistle-blower Dr. Patrick Henry Cronin. John Devoy, who worked with Cronin, also began carrying a gun and expected to be assassinated by Alexander Sullivan's henchmen. The Cronin case, prosecuted by State's Attorney Joel Minnick Longenecker achieved international attention. Neither the prosecution nor the defense were concerned with the Clan's ties to the Fenians, trying the case simply as a conspiracy to commit murder. The Clan na Gael had split into pro and anti Sullivan/Boland branches, but was re-united by John Devoy around 1900.

In Ireland the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) achieved electoral success in the 1880s, and was supported by the British Prime Minister William Gladstone who introduced the unsuccessful Government of Ireland Bill 1886. Gladstone's party then divided over home rule, and the IPP also divided for a decade over Parnell's marriage to Mrs. O'Shea.

In 1891, a moderate offshoot of the Clan na Gael broke away and formed an organization under the name of Irish National Federation of America with T. Emmet as president. The federation supported the National Party in Ireland, a splinter group of Parnell's Home Rule Party. Rising to prominence within the Clan from the 1890s were Daniel Cohalan (later to be a Judge of the New York Supreme Court) and Joseph McGarrity.

In the 20th century
The objective of Clan na Gael was to secure an independent Ireland and to assist the Irish Republican Brotherhood in achieving this aim. To this end, the Clan was prepared to enter into alliances with any nation allied against the British; with the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the Clan found its greatest ally in Imperial Germany. A delegation led by Devoy met with the German Ambassador in the US Count Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff and his aide Franz von Papen in 1914. This was followed by an emissary John Kenny, sent on a mission to Berlin to discuss how the German war effort and Irish Nationalism could cooperate. A controversial pro-German and Irish lecture was given in December 1914 to Clan na Gael on Long Island by the Celtologist Kuno Meyer. Devoy, along with Roger Casement and Joseph McGarrity, was able to bring together both Irish-American and German support in the years prior to the Easter Rising. However the German munitions never reached Ireland as the ship Aud carrying them was scuttled after being intercepted by the Royal Navy.

Clan na Gael became the largest single financier of both the Easter Rising and the Irish War of Independence. Imperial Germany aided Clan na Gael by selling those guns and munitions to be used in the uprising of 1916. Germany had hoped that by distracting Britain with an Irish uprising they would be able to garner the upper hand in the war and effect a German victory on the Western Front. However, they failed to follow through with more support. Clan na Gael was also involved via McGarrity and Casement in the abortive attempt to raise an "Irish Brigade" to fight against the British.

Some Sikhs held talks with Clan Na Gael, which led to authorities in Great Britain and India fearing Irish-Americans and Sikhs uniting against the British Empire. Clan Na Gael supported the primarily Sikh Ghadar Party, and played a supportive role in the Hindu German Conspiracy in the United States during World War I, which led to the Hindu German Conspiracy Trial in San Francisco in 1917–18.

Clan Na Gael largely controlled the Irish Race Conventions from 1916, and its affiliated group the Friends of Irish Freedom. The Irish War of Independence led to a split in Clan na Gael which was precipitated in June 1920 by Éamon de Valera, who as President of the Irish Republic became involved in a dispute with Devoy and Judge Cohalan over lobbying US presidential candidates on the issue of American recognition for the Irish Republic. To punish Woodrow Wilson for his apparent lack of support, the Clan backed Harding in the 1920 United States presidential election. In October, 1920, Harry Boland stated that the IRB in Ireland had terminated connections between the Clan and the parent body in Ireland until the will of Dáil Éireann was mirrored in Clan na Gael. Devoy and Cohalan refused to accept this but McGarrity disagreed, believing that without IRB support, the Clan was not legitimate, which led to a split. McGarrity, whose faction went by the name Reorganized Clan na Gael, supported the Anti-Treaty forces during the Civil War while Devoy and Cohalan supported the Free State. After 1924, when the IRB and the Devoy-Cohalan Clan na Gael both voted to disband, McGarrity's faction became the sole Clan na Gael. In 1926, the Clan na Gael formally associated with the reorganized Irish Republican Army in the same fashion as it had with the IRB.

McGarrity continued to provide support and aid to the IRA after it was outlawed in Ireland by de Valera in 1936 but became less active in the 1940s and 1950s following McGarrity's death in 1940. The organization grew in the 1970s and played a key part in NORAID, which was a prominent source of finance and weapons for the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) during the Troubles in Northern Ireland in 1969–1998. However, it provided only a tiny portion of the PIRA's total income and dried up because of the steep decline of sympathy among Irish Americans due to PIRA atrocities, and the investigation and prosecution by U.S. authorities of IRA supporters of gunrunning.

The Clan na Gael still exists today, much changed from the days of the Catalpa rescue and as recently as 1997 another internal split occurred as a result of the IRA shift away from using physical force as a result of the 1998 Good Friday peace accords.

Presidents of the Clan na Gael
From its founding in 1869, although heavily influenced by founder John Devoy over the years, the organization was nominally under the control of an executive committee headed by a national Executive Board Chairman. This executive committee was elected at yearly, later ever other year, conventions. At the convention held in Chicago during 1881, the committee was reduced to five members making it easier to control. The committee then came under the domination of Michael Boland, D. S. Freely and national executive chairman Alexander Sullivan who together were known as "the Triangle".

The first Chairman perhaps should be Jerome Collins as the man who founded the first Club (D1) of what would later be called the Clan na Gael (these clubs later were called "Camps"). The club was named Napper Tandy after an Irish patriot. From the beginning, according to John Devoy in the Gaelic American, the secretary of Napper Tandy and later of the Clan na Gael was William James Nicholson. He was secretary from 1867 to 1874 when he was dismissed for loaning Camp Funds which were not repaid. According to a descendant of the John Haltigan the foreman printer of the Irish People, James Haltigan son of John Haltigan was Executive Board Chairman in 1871.

In 1873 James Ryan was Executive Board Chairman. In 1874 John Devoy was chosen Executive Board Chairman at the Baltimore Convention. From 1875 until he resigned in 1879, John Devoy's trusted friend and ardent nationalist Dr. William Carroll of Philadelphia was Executive Board Chairman. James Reynolds of Connecticut temporarily held the post from Carroll's resignation until 1881 (there was no convention in 1880) when the Triangle of Sullivan, Feeley and Boland assumed command. Although Devoy supporters Reynolds and Treacy remained on the executive board, they were left out of the decision-making process by the Triangle. The Triangle's bombing campaign split the organization into two factions in the mid-1880s. After the murder of Cronin, the Clan na Gael united once again under John Devoy in 1900. John Kenny served as president of the Napper Tandy branch in 1883 and again in 1914.

title: Clan na Gael


text:
Dave Brockie Experience

The Dave Brockie Experience or DBX was a rock band formed of three of the then-current members of Heavy metal band Gwar. The band was composed of David "Oderus Urungus" Brockie (vocals/bass), Brad "Jizmak Da Gusha" Roberts (drums), and Mike "Balsac the Jaws of Death" Derks (guitar).

The DBX was a pet project of Gwar and showed some of their earlier punk roots from the "Death Piggy" era. At their shows they played some original DBX songs as well as some tunes from Death Piggy, Gwar, and X-Cops. The band enjoyed a following mostly made up of Gwar fans. Brockie hinted at the possibility of the band's breakup in the past due to the exhausting nature of lower-budget touring.

In February 2008, several sources reported that the band would be touring as an opening act for the reunited Green Jellÿ. Dave Brockie stated on his website that this was not the case and there were no official discussions concerning the tour. DBX played two reunion shows in August 2009.

Brockie died of a heroin overdose on March 23, 2014.

Discography

 * Diarrhea of a Madman
 * Live From Ground Zero
 * Songs for the Wrong
 * Hanging Out at the Pound (DVD)

title: Dave Brockie Experience


text:
Talk:Inglemoor High School

This article was listed on votes for deletion; see Votes for deletion/Inglemoor High School. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 01:32, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

IB program
Much of the subject matter of this article was not notable. Students in 2004 who applied for an IB diploma are not notable. People do IB programs all the time. Something special about the IB program is needed to distinguish it from all other IB programs. Also, instead of stating: "The music department at Inglemoor is also very successful", there should really just be a paragraph showing the achievements of the music department, and the success part will be implied. That paragraph would also require citations. --DerRichter (talk) 22:46, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

Chris Walla
We have teacher and school confirmation that he was a student, but no online documents that I've found. He was a notable alumni and instrumental in our Open Mike program. What's an appropriate citation for this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.247.39.72 (talk) 01:01, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Can you cite any sort of WP:V verifiable documentation, such as a yearbook? It doesn't have to be online (see FUTON bias), but it shouldn't be original research. tedder (talk) 01:14, 9 November 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Inglemoor High School


text:
Bernice Thurman Hunter

Bernice Thurman Hunter, (November 3, 1922 – May 29, 2002) was a Canadian children's author.

Life and career
Born in Toronto, Hunter spent her adult years as an Eaton's employee, and did not publish her first book, That Scatterbrain Booky (1981), until she was a grandmother. Her stories are recalled fondly by her fans for showing an accurate and enjoyable portrayal of Toronto through the Depression and War years. She maintained a connection with her roots, and frequently returned to the areas she wrote about to give public readings of her works.

Hunter experienced a multitude of health challenges in her later years, however she continued writing. In 2001, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada. While the honour was awarded posthumously, she was informed of the award shortly before her death.

Her first series of books has been adapted into a film called "Booky Makes Her Mark".

Selected works

 * That Scatterbrain Booky (1981)
 * With Love from Booky (1983)
 * A Place for Margaret (1984)
 * As Ever, Booky (1985)
 * Margaret in the Middle (1986)
 * Lamplighter (1987)
 * Margaret on Her Way (1988)
 * The Railroader (1990)
 * The Firefighter (1991)
 * Hawk and Stretch (1993)
 * Amy's Promise (1995)
 * Janey's Choice (1996)
 * Two Much Alike (1997)
 * It Takes Two (1999)
 * The Girls They Left Behind (2000) Published posthumously; Red Maple Award for Fiction shortlist 2007

Other
An award held by Swansea Public School for writing was named after Hunter.

title: Bernice Thurman Hunter


text:
Talk:Staples High School

This article was lsted on votes for deletion; see Votes for deletion/Staples High School. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 01:34, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

internal disputes
Is the ==Internal Disputes== section really necessary? Does it add anything to the article? Staples theft is really not notable... -- Rmrfstar 00:43, 16 December 2005 (UTC) Turned Internal Disputes section into something legitimately relevant. --64.251.53.130 14:29, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

I attempted to re-format the article to give it a more professional look. --Mrmjssjm 04:33, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

Notability
I removed this: "*Talk Show Host Jason Goodman broadcast his shock radio show SpeakOut! from Staples High School radio station 90.3 WWPT FM in the late 80s. Goodman was a 1990 graduate of Staples."

I tried Googling for Jason, and I can't find him - and since I graduated with him, I have some idea of what to look for. I'm not discounting his contributions to the schools radio station, but I don't think that it's either notable or remarkable, especially in light of the fact that, from what I can gather, he's not even in the radio station business anymore. If anyone can find proof to the contrary, dig it up and post it here first. Agerstein 12:42, 25 June 2007 (UTC)

Jason Goodman link was put back again, this time referring to WSHU-FM in Fairfield. Sadly, their website has no trace of the shows existence. Removed - again. Agerstein (talk) 14:05, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Removed just like Agerstein did: "WSHU public affairs talk show 'SpeakOut!' was hosted by 1990 Staples graduate Jason Goodman." per notability.WestportWiki (talk) 19:01, 5 December 2011 (UTC)

Edit request on 30 December 2012
in the staples players section you should add in the fact the tech is great. just saying.

24.46.32.130 (talk) 07:11, 30 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. - Happysailor  (Talk) 10:46, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

Edit Request in Notable Alumni Section on 9 June 2016
I request that Lynsey Addario, a highly distinguished photojournalist widely known for her multiple award-winning works on war, poverty, and the struggle of women in these situations, is added to the Notable Alumni section of the page.

Njs97 (talk) 16:41, 9 June 2016 (UTC)
 * ✅ thanks for the suggestion - Arjayay (talk) 16:57, 9 June 2016 (UTC)

Edit request in notables section

 * John DiBartolomeo (born 1991), basketball player for Maccabi Haifa of the Israeli Basketball Premier League — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2604:2000:E016:A700:F490:7B29:6A40:A8A1 (talk) 08:54, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

Notable Alumni
Walter Kosner should be added. He is a member of the indie rock band, “The Walters” https://citylifestyle.com/articles/songs-for-like-everyone — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jameson81 (talk • contribs) 09:23, 6 July 2024 (UTC)

Michael Kulich should be added again. He was present in this section but was removed because the wiki-link linked to Mike rather than Michael, so the person who edited the article at that time just deleted him rather than doing even a moment of research. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Kulich

Will Haskell should be added to this list. Will Haskell is an American politician and a member of the Connecticut State Senate, representing District 26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_Haskell — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tmoore1414 (talk • contribs) 17:40, 6 February 2019 (UTC)

 * Hello Tmoore1414. There is no valid source proving that Michael Kulich attended the school. Will Haskell does have one in his article, so I have added him back in with it. Markvs88 (talk) 22:53, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
 * His article reflects the fact that he lived in town, and he's been mentioned multiple times in Dan Woog's hyperlocal blog. He got his "start" in distribution by selling Playboy's from his car in the Staples parking lot..... Agerstein (talk) 13:09, 25 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 3 March 2019
Change "Principal: Mark Karagus" to  "Principal: James D'Amico" Cviningduffy (talk) 23:59, 3 March 2019 (UTC)|Cviningduffy (talk) 23:59, 3 March 2019 (UTC)]] (Cviningduffy (talk) 23:59, 3 March 2019 (UTC)|talk]]) 23:55, 3 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Thanks for letting us know! --Hammersoft (talk) 01:27, 4 March 2019 (UTC)

Requested move 14 April 2019

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Moved. Nominator or other users feel free to request deletion on disambiguation if that's what you think should happen and create redirects, etc. (closed by non-admin page mover)  SITH   (talk)   11:32, 22 April 2019 (UTC)

– The term “Staples High School” doesn’t need to be disambiguated. There are no other high schools with the same name. Mrbeastmodeallday (talk) 07:37, 14 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Staples High School (Connecticut) → Staples High School
 * Staples High School → Staples High School (disambiguation)
 * This is a contested technical request (permalink). Anthony Appleyard (talk) 13:28, 14 April 2019 (UTC)

 * There are other schools named "Staples High School" or similar, even if they do not have Wikipedia articles :: see https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Staples_High_School&oldid=863988361 Anthony Appleyard (talk) 13:30, 14 April 2019 (UTC)
 * I concur with Anthony Appleyard. This article should remain where it is, even if the other articles do not come into existence. To the reader coming here looking for the Staples High School that is in Georgia, having the (Connecticut) on the title helps to clarify which high school to which we are referring here. --Hammersoft (talk) 14:40, 14 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Comment I have restored the DAB, keep in mind that if this is primary (or the only notable one) it doesn't need to include the Connecticut qualifier, see User:Born2cycle/Unnecessary disambiguation.  Crouch, Swale  ( talk ) 17:28, 14 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Support - It appears per this NCES search that the only other school currently in the US with a similar name is Staples-Motley Senior High School in Staples, Minnesota. It's the high school of a consolidated school district and was previously named Staples High School. So pretty clearly this school should (at this time) be the primary subject, and there is a need for a dab page, as once an article for the Minnesota school is created a redirect for Staples High School (Minnesota) should be created also. John from Idegon (talk) 19:03, 15 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Support per WP:OVERPRECISION. There is no other article on WP currently using the title. No need for a dab page. This will just reverse a previous undiscussed and unnecessary move. Station1 (talk) 18:31, 16 April 2019 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

/* Notable alumni */ add

 * John DiBartolomeo (born 1991), American-Israeli basketball player for Maccabi Tel Aviv of the Israeli Basketball Premier League — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2604:2000:E010:1100:DDCD:7F13:A850:1C69 (talk) 00:36, 30 January 2020 (UTC)
 * ✅ ♠PMC♠ (talk) 01:04, 30 January 2020 (UTC)
 * ❌ - no mention of this school in his bio, much less a source. John from Idegon (talk) 02:01, 30 January 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 10 February 2022
The population of Staples High School was last updated in 2017, and thus, is outdated. It should be changed from 1853 to 1858, per U.S. News Records (https://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/connecticut/districts/westport-school-district/staples-high-school-4570) MerrWebs (talk) 16:18, 10 February 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 16:38, 10 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 March 2022
Added to notable alumni David Marshall Grant, ‘73, actor, writer, producer, Thirty Something, The Devil Wears Prada, Stepford Wives, Brothers and Sisters; Kevin Conroy, ‘73, the voice of Batman; Michael Douglas; Marietta Hartley; Linda Blair 69.112.238.251 (talk) 03:48, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Happy Editing-- IAm Chaos  04:19, 6 March 2022 (UTC)

Tyler Hicks ?
It says on Tyler Hicks’ (one of the most famous photojournalists in the world) page that he went to this high school. But there is no mention of him in the notable alumni section. 90.43.207.90 (talk) 14:49, 17 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 May 2022
Add to Notable Alumni Brendan Handler - Business Man Bhandler (talk) 04:14, 5 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: Brendan Handler. WP:WTAF Cannolis (talk) 04:49, 5 May 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 December 2022
Hello, I'm a teacher at Staples High School and I'd like to add some details in "activities" about the "theater program" (Staples Players) that I run. It currently only lists "Inklings" (the newspaper program) and I'd like to add some details about it. Many notable alumni have come through Players, and the Staples Players are listed in many of their pages. Thank you, I hope you approve this request. If you do so, I will write what I'd like to be added, once again, thank you!

- David Roth 24.151.12.106 (talk) 22:32, 30 December 2022 (UTC)
 * If you want to suggest changes/additions, feel free to do so here on this talk page. But, understand that you have a direct conflict of interest. While it is possible to write in an encyclopedic manner about things to which you are closely affiliated, it is difficult. If you can find reliable, secondary sources supporting what you want to write about, that would greatly help. --Hammersoft (talk) 23:15, 30 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Staples High School


text:
Dungeons & Dragons (disambiguation)

Dungeons & Dragons is a fantasy role-playing game.

Dungeons & Dragons may also refer to:
 * Dungeons & Dragons (1974), the original edition of the game
 * Dungeons & Dragons (TV series), an animated television series
 * Dungeons & Dragons (film series), a series of films adapting the game
 * Dungeons & Dragons (2000 film), a live-action fantasy film directed by Courtney Solomon.
 * Dungeons & Dragons: Wrath of the Dragon God, a 2005 live-action fantasy film directed by Gerry Lively, a stand-alone sequel to the year 2000 film.
 * Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves, a 2023 live-action fantasy film directed by Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley
 * Dungeons & Dragons (IDW Publishing), a comic book series based on the role-playing game
 * Dungeons & Dragons novels
 * "Dungeons and Dragons", a comedy sketch by the Dead Alewives on Take Down the Grand Master
 * Dungeons & Dragons (album), an album by Midnight Syndicate
 * "Dungeons & Dragons", an episode of Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles

title: Dungeons & Dragons (disambiguation)


text:
Melee (disambiguation)

Melee or mêlée is combat fought at close range, usually with lack of organization or cohesion. It may also refer to:

 * Hand-to-hand combat in general
 * Close combat
 * Melee (tournament), a form of "mixed" combat at medieval tournaments

Gaming

 * Melee (video games), the term for "close quarter combat" between video game characters
 * Mêlée (engine), a game engine created by Toys for Bob for the Star Control computer game
 * Melee (game), a board game by Metagaming Concepts
 * Mêlée Island, a locale in the Monkey Island series, primarily in The Secret of Monkey Island (1990)
 * Melee Pokémon Scramble, the translated Japanese name of Pokémon Rumble
 * Super Smash Bros. Melee, a platform fighting game released for the Nintendo GameCube in 2001

Music

 * Melee (Gizmachi album)
 * Melee (Dogleg album)
 * Mêlée (band), an alternative rock band
 * Mêlée (EP), a 2002 EP by Mêlée
 * "Melee" (song), a 2019 song by Tory Lanez

Other uses

 * Robert Melee (born 1966), American artist
 * Melee (comics), the code name of a fictional Marvel comic book character
 * Melée, small cut gem diamonds
 * Scrum (rugby), known in French as mêlée

title: Melee (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Roots (1977 miniseries)

Source
Hi wheres the source that says roots was the 3rd highest rated nieslen program
 * The author gave a link to the Nielsen ratings page. Did you check it out?  Quill 01:13, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Link is dead. 81.178.214.127 22:13, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Name of the theme song
If anyone knows the name of that music, please tell me! I search this song for many years!

Requested Move
I would like to suggest merging "Roots: TV Miniseries" with the page, "Roots: The Saga of an American Family," for consistency (the synopsis is same for the book and the movie) and clarity (readers who want to know about the book will probably also want to read about the movie, and vice versa). I already created a small section about the miniseries in the body of the book article. Yoninah 3 July 2005 15:18 (UTC)

I personally think it is good as it is, with a small section about the miniseries in the body of the book article, but with an internal link to this artice. I am removing this page's entry from Requested moves, but if you still want to suggest a merge, please do so, following the instructions at WP:Merge! --Lox (t,c) 17:44, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

DVD releases
Roots is out on DVD. Can anyone find out when Warner Home Video will release The Next Generations? I reall y really I haven't seen it since 1981 (and then only piecemeal)! They make a nice story right up to the 1970s. Also, it is about the only story that makes World War One of any interest to me. It's also cool when Haley goes to The Gambia, finds his home village, finds the reference to "that old African", Kunta Kinte, and then meets a distant cousin also descended from Kunta Kinte's brothers. GBC 16:39, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Hi. If anyone can tell me whether an audio described version is coming out that'd be great. For those that don't know, audio description is a version of the film where all visual events are described in speech during any pauses in audio, describing hand motions, subtitles, any other visual actions or events that aren't obvious by listening to the film's audio track.

Cast
Burl Ives' character may be listed erroneously as "Sen. Arthur Johnson." There is a scene about one hour and ten minutes into Episode 6 that includes a shot of Senator Arthur's office window. It says "Arthur J. Justin, Attorney at Law."75.62.125.128 07:06, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

I've watched roots an uncountable amount of times, purely out of enjoyment. Thing is, after looking at the cast I'm slightly confused. I am grateful that there was something about the mistake of Arthur Johnson, but there are still other areas of which I'm confused about. Where does Leonard come in? Where is Mr. Bennett referred to as Stephen? I thought John Carrington was the auctioneer? Where are seamen Grimes and Thompson mentioned? I have no recollection of seeing Arylia (Arilia, Arrylia?) and her mother in the cast. If someone could unravel these misunderstandings and confusions for me, that'd be great. BTW, if it seems obvious to you guys, please note that it isn't to me, as I'm blind, so any references that may appear on the screen are totally missed by me.

Running time?
Anyone? -- Howard  the   Duck  04:16, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

Summary and Episodes
Isn't the summary a bit short for a nine and a half hour series? If any one has the time maybe it should be expanded either by the dates in the series or by the episodes (the episodes may be difficult since 8 originally aired and the DVDs edited them into 6 episodes). Also an episode page could be made summarizing each episode (again difficulty rises because of the different number of episodes). Just a suggestion if someone has seen it enough times to just know what the summary is or if someone wants to take the time to do it.Allwham (talk) 02:14, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

source
http://www.imagebam.com/image/0cc1a2102327307 —   pd_THOR  undefined | 17:35, 16 October 2010 (UTC)

Correction of Slater in Roots
Corrected the correct character title in the mini-series Roots. Slater in the television mini series was third mate and NOT first mate. Slater may have been a first mate in the BOOK, he was not first mate in the mini series. Please review the citation, if you dispute this FACT. Please leave the edit alone and discuss on the talk page to properly dispute this fact. When answering please cite your source that claims Slater was a first mate in the mini series and NOT the book. Thank you. 65.8.137.14 (talk) 18:47, 13 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Who cares whether he's 1st, 2nd, 3rd... mate?? The character's name is Slater. That's all that was needed. There was no need to add anything. However, I am leaving the "third mate", and removing the botched attempt at a citation. --Musdan77 (talk) 04:57, 27 October 2011 (UTC)

Well, Musdan...who cares about the mini series Roots really? It is obvious that you do for you read it and the others who decided it was important enough to be included in Wikipedia. So, I reinserted the citation and reinstituted the third mate portion of it. Just a tidbit, if this site just included him as a simple shipmate, then I would have not put third mate and the citation correcting the incorrect inclusion of his being a first mate. 65.8.152.43 (talk) 23:34, 28 October 2011 (UTC)

 * May we please discuss this matter in an adult, objective, respectful manner without the juvenile squabbling?

 * Despite the credit identifying Slater as the third mate, Capt. Davies refers to Slater as the "first officer" (that is, the first mate), and Slater clearly carries out the duties of a first mate, not a third mate.

 * If Slater is just the third mate, then who and where are the first and second mates?

 * It appears that Slater truly served as the first mate, not the third mate.

 * Do we have a duty to adhere to an obviously incorrect or inaccurate closing credit?

 * That is, must we repeat that error in the credits?

 * Or is it OK to post what's correct and accurate?

 * Best wishes to all,

 * Doc.

 * DocRushing (talk) 00:39, 3 December 2012 (UTC)

Plot section and overlinking
Based upon guidelines in WP:OVERLINK, I have removed wikilinks to the following pages: "What generally should not be linked"
 * "everyday words understood by most readers in context;"
 * auction
 * childbirth
 * debt
 * English
 * forgery
 * moniker
 * stillborn
 * tobacco

 * "names of major geographic features and locations; languages; religions; common occupations; and pre- and post-nominals;"
 * Annapolis, Maryland
 * Caswell County, North Carolina
 * Spotsylvania County, Virginia
 * Tennessee and Henning, Tennessee
 * blacksmith
 * cook
 * physician
 * warrior

This is not "ill-founded tampering" nor is it "imposing personal preferences" as labeled by DocRushing, and does not require "prior discussion". AldezD (talk) 22:19, 24 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Well, you are about half right. Those places aren't considered "major geographic locations." Major ones would like Los Angeles or London, etc. Blacksmith and warrior would not be "common occupations," and about half of the words in the first group are not "everyday words." While it's true that we shouldn't have overlinking, we also shouldn't assume everyone knows all of these words. Also it's better to discuss before removing. --Musdan77 (talk) 06:20, 25 January 2013 (UTC)

Historical Accuracy
This section on the page is terribly written. You can't precede a list with another list when it causes such ambiguity. Saying you're giving me a list of historical inaccuracies, improbabilities, exaggerations and such does not help me tell to what degree they got certain things right. Also, stating that the screenwriters were biased is itself pretty biased since there's no quote to such a degree. The same goes with the bit about long-standing American political traditions. Stating a miniseries as a continuance of a political tradition would be asinine anyway. The parts that are useless have been cleared up to provide more room to expand on the aforementioned issues. Or should I call them inaccuracies, exaggerations, and lazy writing? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.184.6.193 (talk) 21:24, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure if you're referring to the current version as of today or not, but I find the one that exists now pretty good and have no complaints about it. In fact, I'm quite pleased with it. 71.171.89.90 (talk) 15:54, 24 December 2013 (UTC)
 * Steven Mintz is a scholar and his correction seems to be relevant (increased that part now). The other part however is just pov, opinions like "myth-perpetrator" should have a viable source, a book of a non-scholar according to that for example "In the Old South, white people were the outlaws, while African-Americans were considered safe and never incarcerated." (and the person who added it also added elsewhere on basis of the book without irony how awesome slavery is) is not viable for facts and looks to me like advertising. The actual controversy was btw. of course not if slavery existed and was inhuman, terrible etc. (not really by historians doubted) but more if he really tracked his ancestry or took over the biography of other slaves, but that is covered in the main article. --Larsenat (talk) 01:50, 12 December 2014 (UTC)

I have to say that that current one is white supremacists trash that has no place on an open platform. Look up How Europe Underdeveloped Africa By Walter Rodney if you need an official source in a book. Putting the racist drivel in a wiki about slave trade is also really on the nose, especially when it's in a section entitled historical accuracy. Considering the history of the slave trade was not only revised under the guise of states rights but also hidden to keep it going it's insulting that the one fact check is that whites aren't actually to blame. Please save that for stormfront. Bjornlyliterate (talk) 03:36, 8 March 2019 (UTC)

Re-broadcasts
Does anyone have information about re-broadcasts of the series? I know that I watched the whole miniseries as a kid, but that would have been in the middle to late 80s at the earliest. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bricem (talk • contribs) 21:48, 17 October 2019 (UTC)

Infobox broken
The infobox seems broken on the main article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.170.210.123 (talk) 07:17, 18 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roots (1977 miniseries)


text:
Talk:Mudgee High School

Untitled
This article was listed on votes for deletion; see Votes for deletion/Mudgee High School. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 01:37, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 14:22, 27 May 2020 (UTC)
 * MHScrest Original Colours.png

title: Talk:Mudgee High School


text:
The Morning After (The J. Geils Band album)

The Morning After is the second studio album by American rock band The J. Geils Band. The album was released in October 1971, by Atlantic Records. The song "Cry One More Time" was later covered by Gram Parsons on his first solo album.

Track listing
Juke Joint Jimmy is a pseudonym used by The J. Geils Band for group compositions.

The J. Geils Band

 * Peter Wolf – lead vocals
 * J. Geils – guitar
 * Magic Dick – harmonica
 * Seth Justman – keyboards
 * Danny Klein – bass
 * Stephen Jo Bladd – drums, vocals

Technical

 * Seth Justman – producer
 * Bill Szymczyk – producer, engineer
 * George Marino – digital remastering
 * Stephen Paley – photography
 * Sam Cooperstein – design
 * Fred Lewis - special assistance

Charts
Album

Singles


text:
User:MIT Trekkie

Feel free to improve upon this page.

About me
I am a college student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA. My interests include computer science, in which I am majoring, mathematics, video games (although my interest is dwindling), and Star Trek. I used to be really into DDR, but now it's more of a past-time. Actually, I like In The Groove a good deal more, though I haven't gotten the chance to play it very much. I have created various and numerous programs, mostly for personal use.

Computer science animations
I decided to make a website with some stuff I've learned at MIT about computer science. It has a bunch of narrated Flash animations. The site is at csanimated.com.

OpenGL video tutorial
I was disappointed with the OpenGL tutorials out there, so I went ahead and made my own. It's located at videotutorialsrock.com. The focus is on video lessons teaching various aspects of OpenGL and 3D programming in general.

Civ89
I made Civ89, an open-source video game for the TI-89 / TI-92 / Voyage 200 graphing calculators that is based on Civilization II, along with an accompanying map / scenario / game editor. Compared to Civilization II, it is significantly watered down, but in many ways improved (in my opinion). There is more emphasis on the military aspects of the game. The combat system is different; attacking an enemy unit simply applies a certain amount of damage to that unit rather than destroying either the attacker or defender. Pretty fun, but unfortunately, it has no AI. Too bad I haven't had the opportunity to play it against anyone other than myself.

CalcChu
I made CalcChu, an open-source video game for the TI-89 / TI-92 / Voyage 200 graphing calculators that is based on ChuChu Rocket! The main difference is that it's two-player. I made a lot of it during downtime at work during summer of 2006. I find it to be quite fun. For some reason, I'm much better at it than everyone against whom I've played.

Future projects
These are programming projects that I hope to (but very well may not) complete.
 * A real-time strategy game, sort of a cross between Civilization and StarCraft. (Another game based on the Civilization series.  Crazy, isn't it?)  It will have a wide and deep tech tree, which is fairly original for games of the genre, as far as I know.  As of July, 2007, my teammates and I have written 40,000 lines of C++ code for it.
 * A minigame website.

About my Wikipediaing
I very much appreciate Wikipedia, almost as much as I do Google. It is very useful and informative. I have learned much.

I discovered Wikipedia through Google. Summer 2004, when I decided to look up and learn a bunch of random stuff, Google constantly directed me to Wikipedia articles. I was rarely disappointed. I quickly came to realize that Wikipedia was an excellent starting point for almost any kind of information.

I have done a lot of editing in video gaming. Officially, I've been a member since December 5, 2004.

Articles I have created

 * Analog stick
 * Crash Bandicoot (video game)
 * Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back
 * Crash Bandicoot: Warped
 * Crash Bash
 * Crash Bandicoot: The Huge Adventure
 * Dragon Dice
 * Pandemonium (video game)
 * Sonic R

Articles I have practically created
These are articles that I improved from stub or stub-like condition to a full article.
 * Akra-Bazzi method

Decent stubs I have created

 * Crash Team Racing
 * Kirby Tilt 'n' Tumble

Articles I have seriously improved
These are articles that I have seriously improved, including original writing, or have seriously cleaned up.
 * Sonic the Hedgehog 2 (Mega Drive)

Landmark edits

 * Edit number 1000
 * Edit number 100
 * Edit number 10
 * Edit number 1

I hope you have a nice day
$$\ell = \hbar \oint (\rho e^{\varphi \vec \nabla \cdot \vec u} \vec h \tilde{a} \sqrt{e^{a}} \cdot \aleph \hat i \zeta \varepsilon ) dA \hat y$$

bettter than |33+! 64.165.202.35 06:32, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User:MIT Trekkie


text:
Talk:The Morning After (The J. Geils Band album)

Fair use rationale for Image:J. Geils Band - The Morning After.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 22:28, 13 February 2008 (UTC)


text:
Christian Social Party (Switzerland)

The Christian Social Party (CSP) (Christlich-soziale Partei, Parti chrétien-social) is a political party in Switzerland of the Christian left. The CSP is more aligned with social democracy than the other major Christian party, the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland (CVP), which is more economically liberal. With the moderate Christian left as its background, the CSP commits itself to social-democratic and environmentalist political solutions. The core principles of the CSP contain, among others, "solidarity with the socially and economically disadvantaged and the preservation of the environment."

Electoral power
As of 2016, the CSP does not hold any seats in the National Council of Switzerland.

A seat in the lower house was once held for decades by Hugo Fasel representing the canton of Fribourg.

On a cantonal level, the CSP has many elected members, mainly in the Roman Catholic cantons of Valais, Fribourg, Obwalden and Jura. In the latter, the CSP had until late 2010 one elected member in the Executive body, the Conseil d'Etat of the Republic of Jura (where it operates as the Independent Christian Social Party).

Positions
A member of the Christian left, the CSP is a centre-left political party overall and has strong environmentalist views. It also has social values and aims to tax richer people. On a societal point of view, it has more progressive views and acts in favour of abortion rights, same-sex relationships and euthanasia, which differs strongly with other common Christian political parties, which are traditionally socially conservative.

title: Christian Social Party (Switzerland)


text:
Joe Castiglione

Joseph John Castiglione (born March 2, 1947) is an American radio announcer for the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball, an author and lecturer. Castiglione is the recipient of the 2024 Ford C. Frick Award, presented by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

Early life and career
Castiglione was born in Hamden, Connecticut, and graduated from Colgate University with a BA in Liberal Arts. He was the radio voice of Colgate football and baseball while a student. He then received an MA in radio/TV from Syracuse University's S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications in 1970. He also worked on the WAER-FM staff at SU. While at Syracuse, he worked a variety of on-air jobs for WSYR-TV (now WSTM-TV). He began his career in Youngstown, Ohio, broadcasting football games for $15 a game, and as sports reporter for WFMJ-TV in 1972.

Castiglione states that he was a New York Yankees fan as a kid, then closely followed the Pittsburgh Pirates because they were the closest to Youngstown, and likewise became an Indians fan after moving to Cleveland. His first major job as a sportscaster was in Cleveland in 1979, where he called Cleveland Indians and Cleveland Cavaliers games and did sports reporting for WKYC-TV. He also called a handful of Milwaukee Brewers games for pay-cable channel SelecTV in 1981.

Career with the Red Sox
Castiglione joined the Red Sox broadcast team in 1983, teamed with Ken Coleman. He admitted not being in the booth when the ball rolled through Bill Buckner's legs in the 1986 World Series, as he was in the clubhouse covering Red Sox' seemingly impending victory celebration. After Coleman's retirement in 1989, Bob Starr became the lead announcer for the Red Sox. After Starr's departure at the end of the 1992 season, Castiglione became the team's lead radio announcer along with Jerry Trupiano. Castiglione became nationally known when the team won the 2004 World Series, with his broadcast of the end of the game. His jubilant "Can you believe it?" after the final out became a catchphrase. His call, “Swing and a ground ball, stabbed by Foulke. He has it, he underhands to first and the Boston Red Sox are the world champions. For the first time in 86 years, the Red Sox have won baseball’s world championship. Can you believe it?” is considered to be far superior to Joe Buck’s call "Back to Foulke. Red Sox fans have longed to hear it: The Boston Red Sox are World Champions!"

During the 2007 season, Castiglione shared announcing duties with a rotating duo of Dave O'Brien and Glenn Geffner. With Geffner leaving for the Florida Marlins broadcast booth, Castiglione shared the booth with Dave O'Brien, Dale Arnold or Jon Rish in 2008. Dave O'Brien and Jon Rish were his partners from 2009 through April 2013. In 2011, Dale Arnold returned to be the primary fill in on Wednesday games. Starting in May 2013, Rob Bradford, Lou Merloni and O'Brien were his partners after John Ryder replaced Rish, with Merloni and Bradford stepping in for fill-in play by play duties. In 2011, O'Brien became the lead announcer with Castiglione moving back to the secondary announcing role. Castiglione handled play-by-play in innings 3–4 and 6–7 with O'Brien, and all innings when working with Bradford and Merloni.

In 2016, with O'Brien moving to NESN, the Red Sox television network, Castiglione began working with former Pittsburgh Pirates broadcaster Tim Neverett and once again was the primary game announcer calling innings 1–2, 5 and 8–9 on WEEI. In 2017, Castiglione and Neverett rotated games as the primary and secondary announcers.

On September 20, 2018, as part of a promotion called "A Rivalry in the Booth", Castiglione switched places with New York Yankees radio broadcaster John Sterling in the fourth inning. During the 2018 American League Championship Series (ALCS), Castiglione reacted to a catch made by Andrew Benintendi made in the ninth inning of Game 4. Castiglione fell out of his chair, and proceeded to finish the commentary with co-commentator Neverett after the incident.

On July 28, 2022, Castiglione was honored in a pregame ceremony at Fenway Park for his 40 years of broadcasting the Red Sox; the ceremony included Roger Clemens presenting Castiglione with a plaque.

For the 2023 season, Castiglione began working a reduced role, only calling 81 games as the primary announcer in order to spend more time with his family. He worked with Will Flemming and Sean McDonough as secondary announcers. Castiglione's former broadcast partner Lou Merloni will call remaining regular season games, in addition to 10 spring training games.

On October 22, 2023, the Baseball Hall of Fame announced that Castiglione was one of 10 finalists for the 2024 Ford C. Frick Award, presented annually by the Hall of Fame for excellence in broadcasting. Castilgione had also been nominated as one of the ten finalists in 2023, but the award was presented to Chicago Cubs broadcaster Pat Hughes. On December 6, 2023, Castiglione was named as 2024 recipient of the award, and will accept the award during Hall of Fame induction weekend in July 2024.

Other work
Castiglione has occasionally called college football and college basketball, most notably including games of Lafayette College and the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, where he worked alongside his oldest son, Duke, now with WCVB in Boston.

Castiglione is currently a lecturer in the department of Communication Studies at Northeastern University, where he teaches a course on sports broadcasting. Current Padres play-by-play announcer Don Orsillo and current Red Sox Spanish-language announcer Uri Berenguer were among his students and broadcast booth interns. He has also taught at Franklin Pierce University in New Hampshire.

Books
In 2004, Castiglione published a book called Broadcast Rites and Sites: I Saw It on the Radio with the Boston Red Sox. The book is a collection of stories from his days covering the Cleveland Indians and Boston Red Sox. It was updated in 2006 to include material on the 2004 World Series. In 2012, Castiglione returned to writing with a second book entitled ''Can You Believe It? 30 Years of Insider Stories with the Boston Red Sox''. In this book, he takes the reader back to the 2004 ALCS with the Yankees and that year's World Series as well as the team's return to glory in 2007. However, much of the book is about the 30 years that Castiglione spent in the broadcast booth and the personal relationships he built up over that time, woven into the ups and downs in Red Sox history.

title: Joe Castiglione


text:
Talk:Gary Soto

Poetry
He's written this one: -71.133.162.217 06:49, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

Style
The writing style of the article is too simple and seems oriented to very young readers. As he was an author, he deserves a higher quality and more adult style. Example below reads like a storybook.
 * "Gary Soto was born to working-class Mexican American parents Manuel and Angie Soto. In his youth, he worked in the fields of the San Joaquin Valley and in factories in Fresno. Because his family had to struggle to find work, he had little time or encouragement for school. Hence, he was not a good student."

--Wikiwatcher1 (talk) 22:12, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Gary Soto


text:
Andrea Hall

Andrea Jean Hall (born October 31, 1947) is a retired American soap opera actress.

Personal life
Hall is the identical twin sister of soap actress Deidre Hall.

Career
From 1977 to 1982, Hall played Samantha Evans, the twin of her sister Deidre's character Marlena Evans, on Days of Our Lives. She returned to the show playing a Marlena-lookalike, Hattie Adams, from 2000 to 2001.

In 1989, Hall ran PuppyTracks, a mail-order company that manufactured mugs, music, sweatshirts, and other items related to TV soap operas.

title: Andrea Hall


text:
Mr Sheen

Mr Sheen is the brand name of a range of cleaning materials, mainly floor and furniture polish, created in Australia in the 1950s by Samuel Taylor Pty Ltd. An aerosol, the product uses a combination of silicones, waxes and solvents and is currently manufactured by Reckitt. Alongside Australia, Mr Sheen is also available in Jamaica, Kenya, Ireland and the United Kingdom, as well as in Zimbabwe, Zambia and South Africa where it is called Mr Min and in Argentina where it is known as Mr Frend. The Mr Sheen character and branding, despite numerous revamps, has a high level of recognition amongst consumers, so much so that the company has been able to go for periods of time without even advertising the product, such as in the early 1990s.

History
In the 1950s, the Australian cleaning product market lacked any aerosol-based products, hence the development of Mr Sheen by Samuel Taylor Pty Ltd, it was the first such product to be offered in the Australian market. The popularity of Mr Sheen received a large boost when the advertising agency Hansen Rubensohn developed both a jingle and a character for the product in the late 1950s. The Australian character (supposedly modeled on one of Samuel Taylor Pty Ltd's employees at the time) was created by Vic Nicholson and Brian Henderson as a smiling, rosy-cheeked, short bald man with spectacles in a black suit (voiced by Ross Higgins); a jingle based on Mister Gallagher and Mister Shean was created at the same time by Bob Gibson and Jimmy White. Both the character and jingle have proved effective branding agents in Australia, where 95% of the populace are capable of recognising the character and jingle as belonging to the Mr Sheen product range. In 1969, British multinational consumer goods company Reckitt Benckiser (then called Reckitt & Colman) acquired Samuel Taylor Pty Ltd; the new owners expanded the range of the product out to the United Kingdom and South Africa. The British version of the character is a cartoon caricature of a First World War biplane pilot (originally voiced by Willie Rushton in the television advertisements) who flies around the house on a dusting cloth cleaning tables, banisters and television sets, using the slogan "Mr Sheen shines umpteen things clean".

title: Mr Sheen


text:
Cador

Cador (Cadorius) is a legendary Duke of Cornwall, known chiefly through Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae and previous manuscript sources such as the Life of Carantoc. In Welsh genealogical records, he appears as Cado (Cadwr), the son of Cornish king Geraint. Early sources present him as a relative of King Arthur, though the details of their kinship are usually left unspecified.

Historicity
Many stories involving Arthurian figures were told orally, leading to many interpretations and versions of the people, events, and characters. Scholars question the historical accuracy of these tales and most have been discredited, so the people associated with him could conceivably have been added by later storytellers.

One such figure was Arthur's close associate Cador, successor to Geraint ab Erbin. Cador Duke of Cornwall was summoned to Arthur's court and may have been a real historical figure, but the diversity of interpretations and stories that include him make it difficult to understand his true context. The book King Arthur: The Truth Behind the Legend explains how Arthurian events mix fact and fiction, stating that while many people and events could not have been real,

"[t]he Arthurian saga is nevertheless much more than a hotchpotch of tales made up by medieval minstrels, and it is essential to try to separate the Arthur of the romances—the Arthur of Geoffrey of Monmouth, Thomas Malory and the medieval troubadours—from the historical Arthur—the dark age warrior on whom all the rest of the super-structure was built."

The factuality of many details is debatable. Arthur gave his crown to Constantine, son of Cador Duke of Cornwall, as he died May 21, 542 AD, which sets the time period in which Cador could have lived.

Cador is described as the son of a Dumnonian king named Gerrens, whom he succeeded as monarch. Traditionally, he was Arthur's good friend and even shared his throne in the Vita Sanctus Carantoci (Life of St. Carantoc). He seemed to have a good relationship with King Caradoc of Gwent.

Four hillforts all named "Cadbury"—one near Clevedon, one in Congresbury, one in Sparkford in Somerset, and one by the Exe in Devon north of Crediton—may have been named after Cador since the name may mean "Cado's fort". Similarly, Cadson Bury hillfort lies just outside Callington and is also known as "Celliwig" in Cornwall.

Name
The name Cador does not match any early Welsh sources, so the name itself stems from a misinterpretation of either the name Catgur in the Harley genealogy, or the British Catigern. These names are similarly interpreted: Cador means 'battle notable' or 'fighter' since cat means 'battle' and gur means 'man' or 'warrior', and Tigern means 'leader'. While the name is not found in early Welsh sources, letters could easily have dropped out of Catgur or Catigern, leaving the name Cador.

Cador, mainly mentioned by Geoffrey of Monmouth, has also been called by two other names, Cado and Cadwy, in the Myvyrian and Life of S. Carannog and in early fifteenth century pedigrees. The Duke of Cornwall title took different forms over time because Cornwall was once a part of the Roman civitas of Dumnonia, giving Cador the often-seen title "King of Dumnonia".

Cador’s battles
Cador's battles are not recorded in the Historia Brittonum Arthurian battle list but are mentioned in many different works.

He battled and defeated an invading force of Saxons on their way to York, then took York himself. The Saxons surrendered, pledged peace, and retreated. Later, they broke that pledge, which led to another battle between Arthur and the Saxons in which Cador killed the Saxon leader Chelric. Thereafter, following a few small altercations (like the Roman War), Cador's next big battle was at Camblan, after which he was found dead with some of his troops.

Some scholars speculate that Cador's battles can be seen through the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle presumably written by Alfred the Great. Since it names only one British commander, Vortigern, scholars have aligned the timelines in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Historia Regum Britanniae to assess the legitimacy of Cador. Many similarities between the battles can be noted, starting with an encounter in York, or along the Canterbury–London road with 3,000 to 4,000 British soldiers. Arthur and the British retreat to London in both versions. Cador's supposed next battle was in Thanet, which is noted in both texts. The unnamed British commander in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has been posited to be the Cador of Historia Regum Britanniae because of their similarities.

Arthurian pseudohistory and legend
Cador, Duke of Cornwall, appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (ca. 1135). He is a man of power, referred to as both a duke (dux) and a king (rex). He is best known for his heroism in the battles of York and Isle of Thanet, recounted in the Historia Regum Britanniae. The historicity of Cador's involvement in these wars is still questioned by scholars. He won both battles, easily defeating the army in York and also killing Chelric, the leader of the Saxons, on the Isle of Thanet. Arthur's most successful siege, the Battle of Badon, precedes the battle at the Isle of Thanet, which seems strangely illogical given the timeline. Because no Saxon or British historians note any battle in that region before the sixth century, this battle could plausibly have been completely fabricated for literary purposes.

Cador was reputedly the son of Geraint (Gerontius; ), King of Dumnonia and a historic hero who died quite early, leaving his crown to Hoel because Cador was not of age. He was known to have children himself: Constantine, Peredur, and Cadoc. He shared a lineage with King Arthur as a great-grandson of Arthur's duke, based on the equivalency of Custennyn's and Constantine's genealogies.

Cador also had three brothers named Cyngar, Iestyn, and Selyf, all saints of Llancarfan; they are mentioned as related to Cador in the Myvyrian. In addition to his brothers, he had a sister named Gurguint who married Caradoc Vreichfas, a legend of Welsh prehistory who lived at same time period as Arthur. Many historians believe Caradoc Vreichfas was Cerdic of Wessex, Anglo-Saxon founder of the House of Wessex and the first king of Saxon Wessex (reign 519–534). According to Geoffrey, Cador married a woman named Ygerna (Igraine), who was courted and seduced by Arthur's father Uther Pendragon while Cador was away at war.

Cador is thought to be related to Arthur because in different texts he is addressed as such. Layamon, an English poet, wrote that Arthur said, "Cador, thou art mine own kin." However, some works say that Cador's son Constantine was Arthur's cousin, making Cador possibly an in-law rather than a blood relative.

In Geoffrey's Historia and elsewhere, Arthur's future queen Guinevere is said to have been raised as Cador's ward. Cador is also said to be of Roman stock. His son Constantine was given the kingship of Britain by Arthur as he lay ailing on the field of Camlann. In the Brut Tysilio, the translator adds that Cador was the son of Gorlois, presumably by Igraine, which would make him Arthur's maternal half-brother. The same text also gives Cador a son, Mayric, who dies fighting the Romans. This story appears in Richard Hardyng's Chronicle which refers to Cador as Arthur's brother "of his mother's syde." In Layamon's Brut, Cador appears as a leader who takes charge of Uther's host when it is attacked by Gorlois as Uther secretly lies with Igraine in Tintagel. Most of the later works, such as the English Alliterative Morte Arthure and Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, however, refer to Cador as Arthur's cousin, though in the Alliterative text, Arthur calls him his sister's son.

William Worcester travelled to Cornwall in 1478 and recorded in his Itineraries that "Tador Duke of Cornwall, husband of the mother of Arthur was slain" at Castle an Dinas. This is sometimes interpreted directly as Cador, and is generally interpreted as a conflation of Cador with Gorlois (the husband of Igraine in Historia Regum Britanniae), but likely reflects a local tradition, as the Historia is the only authority for Gorlois as Igraine's husband.

In The Dream of Rhonabwy, a medieval romance associated with the Mabinogion, Cador is "Cadwr Earl of Cornwall, the man whose task it is to arm the king on the day of battle and conflict" – i.e. at the Battle of Badon Hill, which the writer situates close to the upper River Severn.

title: Cador


text:
Arendsee

Arendsee is a town in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is named after the lake Arendsee, located north of the town.

Geography
The municipality is located in the Altmark region and on the southern bank of the Arendsee lake, the largest and deepest natural lake in Saxony-Anhalt.

Subdivisions
The town Arendsee consists of Arendsee proper (including the Ortsteile Genzien and Gestien) and the following Ortschaften or municipal divisions:

 * Binde (incl. Ritzleben)
 * Fleetmark (incl. Lüge, Molitz, Störpke)
 * Höwisch
 * Kaulitz
 * Kerkau (incl. Lübbars)
 * Kläden (incl. Kraatz)
 * Kleinau (incl. Dessau, Lohne)
 * Leppin (incl. Harpe, Zehren)
 * Mechau
 * Neulingen
 * Rademin (incl. Ladekath)
 * Sanne-Kerkuhn (Sanne and Kerkuhn)
 * Schrampe (incl. Zießau)
 * Thielbeer (incl. Zühlen)
 * Vissum (incl. Kassuhn, Schernikau)
 * Ziemendorf

History
The locality and the lake were first mentioned in the Royal Frankish Annals in 822.

In 1184 Otto I, Margrave of Brandenburg founded a Benedictine nunnery in Arendsee while the then competent Prince-Bishop of Verden, Tammo (d. 1188), endowed it with estates.

The former municipalities Binde, Höwisch, Kaulitz, Kerkau, Kläden, Kleinau, Leppin, Neulingen, Sanne-Kerkuhn, Schrampe, Thielbeer and Ziemendorf were merged into Arendsee on 1 January 2010. The former municipalities Fleetmark, Mechau, Rademin and Vissum were merged into Arendsee on 1 January 2011.

Population development
1964–1981 census results, from 2011: 2011 European Union census

title: Arendsee