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Anatomy (film)

Anatomy (Anatomie) is a 2000 German horror film written and directed by Stefan Ruzowitzky that stars Franka Potente. The film became the highest-grossing German-language movie in 2000. Columbia Pictures released the film's English-dubbed version in the United States theatrically. However, the dubbed version under-performed at the United States box office.

A sequel, Anatomy 2 (Anatomie 2) was released in 2003.

Plot
Medical student Paula Henning wins a place in a summer course at the University of Heidelberg, where her grandfather had been a renowned professor. During one of her classes on anatomy, the body of David, a young man whom Paula encountered on her train to Heidelberg, turns up on her dissection table. Her instructor, Professor Grombek, humiliates her by daring her to dissect the heart. Paula finds that David's body bears strange incisions and decides to investigate the mysterious circumstances surrounding his death. As she proceeds to cut a sample for an independent test, she is intrigued to find a triple "A" mark near David's ankle. She is then startled by the school's mortuary attendant, who wants to know if Grombek is aware of her investigation.

Paula finds clues pointing to an ancient secret society, the Anti-Hippocratic Society, which performs gruesome experiments on living people who they deem undesirable. She also comes across research about the rituals that they perform on transgressors of their rules, or those who inquire too much. One night, Paula sits on her bed and realizes it has been soaked in blood, with candles lit underneath, as a sign of warning from the Society. She then attacks a figure that enters her room, but it turns out to be her friend Hein, who is seeking consolation over his recent breakup from his girlfriend Gretchen. While they talk, Paula's boyfriend Casper stops by and storms off when he sees she is not alone. Hein leaves, apparently more at peace.

As Gretchen and her new boyfriend Phil prepare to have sex in one of the morgue halls, Hein murders Phil in a jealous rage. He then injects Gretchen with poison, telling her that he will preserve her body. He is so absorbed in the work that he falls asleep without having disposed of Phil’s body. Hein hides it in the morgue and removes the head to prevent identification. When Paula tries to share her findings about the Society the next day, Hein menacingly tells her it's dangerous to know too much. Grombek reveals that Paula's grandfather was a member of the Society, and that the drug he became famous for developing was the result of his experiments in Nazi concentration camps. Paula flees to the hospital to confront her grandfather but is told that he has died.

At the assembly of the Society, Hein expresses no remorse for the murders and defiantly accepts their punishment, slashing himself three times in the face. Grombek takes responsibility for the killings and leaves to call the authorities to arrest Hein. Later, while Paula destroys the diplomas granted to her grandfather, a crazed Hein kills Grombek in his house. Paula gets back to the school but is trapped by Hein and his accomplice, Ludwig. While they are preparing her for preservation, Paula's bindings are partially cut by Casper. Paula gets loose, poisons Ludwig, and runs away until Hein strikes a high voltage cable and dies. Casper and Paula then escape together.

Halfway through the end credits, a sequence shows two of Paula's classmates praising Hein's abilities in dissection and preservation, discussing Grombek's imminent replacement, and how in their respective practices they will keep a low profile while experimenting for the Anti-Hippocratic Society.

Cast

 * Franka Potente as Paula Henning
 * Benno Fürmann as Hein
 * Rüdiger Vogler as Dr. Henning
 * Anna Loos as Gretchen
 * Oliver Wnuk as Ludwig
 * Arndt Schwering-Sohnrey as David
 * Sebastian Blomberg as Caspar
 * Holger Speckhahn as Phil
 * Traugott Buhre as Prof. Grombek
 * Gennadi Vengerov as the Preparateur

Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 62% based on 12 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 5.3/10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 33 out of 100, based on 4 critics, indicating "Generally unfavorable reviews".

Dennis Schwartz from Ozus' World Movie Reviews gave the film a grade B, calling it "both eerily written and directed". Stephen Holden from The New York Times gave the film a negative review, stating that the film "lacks the raucous, anything-for-a-shock carnival humor of its American prototypes".

The film opened on 386 screens and grossed 3.9 million Deutsche Marks over the four-day weekend from 320,000 admissions, placing fourth at the German box office.

title: Anatomy (film)


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Talk:Critique of Finno-Ugric and Uralic language Groups

from VfD:

Critique of Finno-Ugric and Uralic language Groups
A duplicate of Critic of Finno Ugric and Uralic language Groups. The same arguments (except lemma orthography) apply. We neither need nor want separate "critique" articles, not even as playground for cranks. If it encyclopedic, it needs to be included in the NPOV presentation of the main article. If it is unencyclopedic, it shouldn't be in any article, except perhaps List of alternative, speculative and disputed theories. --Pjacobi 15:45, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page was made into a redirect to Critique of Finno-Ugric and Uralic language groups. If that page is eventually deleted, the redirect can be speedily deleted. Hence, this VfD doesn't seem relevant anymore. --Dbenbenn 00:41, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * delete. I listed this page for speedy deletion, since it's a copy-move of Critic of Finno Ugric and Uralic language Groups  --Dbenbenn 23:45, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * rename Critic of Finno Ugric and Uralic language Groups to Critique of Finno-Ugric and Uralic language Groups and redirect. Isn't "Critique" the correct term?  "Critic" makes it sound like one person (and maybe it is, but...) Gsd97jks 21:42, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, borderline crank, original research (insufficient evidence of peer-review, strong political agenda). Wyss 23:08, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * No, it is not original research. Please look at the references, these are resources. It is based on resource of others, also on the word lists, swadesh lists, etc.. Antifinnugor

Talk:Finno-Ugric_languages, dab (ᛏ) 10:19, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * COMMENT This is the proper title, I make no comment on the article content itself, but based purely on duplication deletion, then Critic of Finno Ugric and Uralic language Groups should be deleted, and turned into a redirect to this page. 132.205.15.43 03:47, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * rename move the two pages into one. Antifinnugor 09:51, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * delete. but note that the duplication was a clumsy attempt at pagemoving, an not intended as spam. (i.e. the "Critic" one would have become a redirect). I originally supported the creation of a detailed article of FU criticism. In my understanding, an article should be deleted if the title has no promise of becoming a relevant article, while the content may of course be changed without deletion. However, in the weeks of discussion about the issue, no material worthy of more than a brief paragraph has come to light, and I do not think the article has any promise until more detail is accumulated in the Criticism section on Finno-Ugric. (so far, I have seen one peer-reviewed linguist "debunking" FU, and the peer-review I have seen about that work was utterly condemning. This one instance is still mentioned in the main article. This article could be about the political controversy in Hungary, but asking for such an article is asking for trouble. But I think Magyar nationalism would be the proper place to discuss these things.
 * Magyar nationalism? You mean Antimagyar defamation page? Antifinnugor 18:58, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * delete or put it into a Magyar nationalism article, as proposed by Dab.--Wiglaf 10:40, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Magyar nationalism? You mean Antimagyar defamation page?
 * Delete Insofar as it does include encyclopaedic information, that information either belongs at Uralic languages or in a Magyar nationalism article.Hedgehog 14:33, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Magyar nationalism? You mean Antimagyar defamation page?

end moved discussion

Why isn't this article (merged and) deleted?
It seems to me, the VfD should have resulted in deletion. The general policy to not accept POV forks of articles is enecated every day.

But for this time I didn't put the VfD or Merge label in, but only a NPOV warning, until all related Rf* are processed. --Pjacobi 22:12, 2005 Jan 17 (UTC)
 * I made this page a redirect to the "correct" title, Critique of Finno-Ugric and Uralic language groups. Whether that page is a redirect itself at any given moment is a random function of Antifinnugor's activity level.  But the double redirect doesn't matter, since no main-namespace pages link here.  dbenbenn | talk 23:51, 17 Jan 2005 (UTC)

pjacobi, you nominated this page for deletion. The other editors decided to keep it. Why can you not accept simple rules and decision of other editors? You need arguments for npov label, as the label states. rf*s are a completely different subject. Please try to keep the wikipedia rules. If you keep vandalizing this page, you force me to open an rfa against you because of that. Thanks, antifinnugor 19:33, 20 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * 5 votes delete
 * 1 vote redirect
 * 1 vote keep
 * 1 vote abstain
 * Pjacobi 21:31, 2005 Jan 20 (UTC)

RfC
Here's my (professional linguist's) 5 cents for the RfC. This page is complete, utter, unsalvagable bollocks. Should have been deleted long ago. Fringiest of fringe crank POV pushing, presenting nonsense hypotheses (Sumerian influence on Basque!) and downright obvious falsities (Persian "Turanian"!) as facts. Worthless. I will support renewed AfD, but waiting to see what the actual editors think. Lukas (T. 21:08, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

 * It's still here? Actually there were several copies of it and I think at least one of the clones went to AFD and got deleted more than a year ago. See above. -- nyenyec ☎ 21:39, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Lukas Pietsch
Lucas Pietsch. Yeah. Well known over the web, primarily for his hatred, racism and defamation. I am really sorry for him. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Adam88 (talk • contribs) 3 March 2006, 09:16.

protected
there was a vfd over this, resulting in redirect. There was an arbcom decision banning the one user who kept reverting for a year (the ban may have expired now, depending on whether it was reset when the user violated it). If you want this article unprotected, establish a consensus here on talk first. dab (ᛏ) 20:42, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * protection (and also permanent vandalisation by redirect) is a clear misuse of the administration privileges of dbachmann, and protection of his vandalismus. This is a valid page, the editor's vote shows it. Please unprotect it immediately. Thanks, Adam88 09:14, 3 March 2006 (UTC)
 * don't bother, you wouldn't recognize policy if they shoved your nose in it. dab (ᛏ) 15:49, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Anton Bruckner Private University

The Anton Bruckner Private University (in German Anton Bruckner Privatuniversität, common short form is Bruckner University) is one of five Austrian Universities for Music, Drama and Dance, and one of four universities in Linz, the European Capital of Culture 2009. 850 students from all parts of the world study here. They are taught by 200 professors and teaching staff, who are internationally recognised artists, academics and teachers. More than 30% of the students and instructors come from abroad. The university was granted accredited private university status in 2004, as part of the Austrian Private Universities Conference, (its name from 1932 to 2004 was Bruckner Conservatory Linz, but the roots of the institution go back to 1823 or even to 1799).

The cultural landscape of Upper Austria sets an example in music education all over Europe. The Upper Austrian Provincial Government gives particular support to artistic education, which is why – compared with similar institutions – tuition fees here are extremely moderate.

The university is named after the Austrian composer Anton Bruckner (1824–1896).

The ABPU is a university for music, drama and dance. The artistic work of the university is focussed on performing, pedagogy and research in each of these fields, with an equal emphasis on artistic communication, development and outreach.

History
Even though the Anton Bruckner Private University has only been known under this name for a short time, musical education in Linz has a tradition stretching back more than 200 years. As early as 1799 the city musical director Franz Xaver Glöggl, a close friend of Michael Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, founded the first music school in Linz. Then in 1823 the newly founded Linz Musical Society set up a singing school – the real precursor of the Anton Bruckner Private University.

The attempt to persuade Anton Bruckner to become director of the Music School in 1863 was unsuccessful. But another important name – the Bruckner biographer and former secretary to Franz Liszt, August Göllerich, - was in charge of the newly strengthened institute from 1896 to 1923. And in 1923 the name of Bruckner was finally established with the upgrading of the Music School to the Bruckner Conservatory Linz – now renamed the Anton Bruckner Private University.

The original main function of the forerunner institute, which was to raise the quality of musical life in Linz by improving the training of amateur musicians, was taken over by the Linz Music School in 1950. From that time on the Bruckner Conservatory established itself progressively as a training ground for professional musicians. This development was carried through by the directors Carl Steiner (1945–1958), Wilhelm Jerger (1958–1973), Gerhard Dallinger (1973–1990), Hans Maria Kneihs (1990–1995) und Reinhart von Gutzeit (from 1995 to 2006), Univ. Prof. Anton Voigt (acting rector from 2006 to 2007), and Dr. Marianne Betz (2007–2012). In autumn 2012 the rectorship of the university was taken over by Ursula Brandstätter.

The Anton Bruckner Private University now offers twenty two separate branches of study and three university courses in the fields of classical music, jazz, drama and contemporary dance. Students may study for the degrees Bachelor of Arts or Master of Arts, which are on a par with those of other European universities and Arts Academies.

Computer music studio
The Computer Music Studio offers lectures and courses in the field of music and media technology, media composition and computer music, and the range of subjects it offers is closely integrated with those of the Institute DKM – Composition, Conducting and the Theory of Music – and JIM, the Institute for Jazz and improvised Music.

History:

The Computer Music Studio was founded in 1995 as the SAMT by DI Adelhard Roidinger and the Rector of the Bruckner Conservatory, Hans Maria Kneihs in the buildings of the Software Park Hagenberg. Since 2008 the University Studio, as it became, has been under the direction of Weixler, Andreas · Ao.Univ.Prof. Mag. At the same time an institute directive changed the name of the studio to the CMS -Computer Music Studio.

There are currently co-operations with and connections to the following institutions (among others):

Internally:

 * Institute for Composition, Conducting and the Theory of Music (DKM)
 * Institute for Jazz and improvised Music (JIM)
 * Institute for Theatre and Drama (ACT)
 * Institute for Keyboard instruments (TAS)

Regionally:

 * AEC - Ars Electronic Center
 * Art University of Linz
 * InterfaceCulture
 * JKU - Johannes Kepler University
 * ElisabethInnen Hospital
 * SCCH Software Park Hagenberg
 * Klanglandschaften (Soundscapes), Musik der Jugend (Youth Music), Province of OÖ
 * DorfTV
 * Klavierhaus Merta

Nationally:

 * ELAK - Institute for Composition and Electroacoustics, Vienna
 * MDW - University for Music and Drama, Vienna
 * Prima la Musica, Salzburg
 * Bösendorfer

Internationally:

 * JSEM - Japanese Society for Electro Acoustic Music
 * TU Studio - Berlin
 * SARC - Sonic Arts Research Center Belfast, Queens University, Northern Ireland
 * UEA - University of East Anglia
 * BEAST - Birmingham Electroacoustic Sound Theatre, University of Birmingham
 * NOVARS - Manchester, UK
 * Hope University Liverpool, UK
 * Northeastern University, College of Arts, Media and Design, Boston/USA

Sonic Lab
Sonic Lab is an intermedia computer music concert hall with a 24 audio channel surround dome and double video projection, initiated by Andreas Weixler.

Erasmus
In the course of setting up the new generation programme Erasmus+ the ABPU was awarded the so-called Erasmus Charter in 2014.

title: Anton Bruckner Private University


text: User talk:199.89.170.92

title: User talk:199.89.170.92


text: User talk:68.248.199.3

title: User talk:68.248.199.3


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Royal St George's Golf Club

The Royal St George's Golf Club located in Sandwich, Kent, England, is a golf club in the United Kingdom and one of the courses on The Open Championship rotation and is the only Open rota golf course to be located in South East England. It has hosted 15 Open championships, the first in 1894 when it became the first club outside Scotland to host the championship. Past champions include Collin Morikawa, Darren Clarke, Ben Curtis, Greg Norman, Sandy Lyle, Bill Rogers, Bobby Locke, Reg Whitcombe, Henry Cotton, Walter Hagen (on two occasions), Harry Vardon (on two occasions), Jack White and John Henry Taylor. It has also hosted The Amateur Championship on 14 occasions.

The club was founded by the surgeon Laidlaw Purves in 1887 in a setting of wild duneland. Many holes feature blind or partially blind shots, although the unfairness element has been reduced somewhat, after several 20th century modifications. The course also possesses the deepest bunker in championship golf, located on its fourth hole.

The club's Challenge Cup dates from 1888 and is one of the oldest amateur events in golf. It has been contested annually over 36 holes except during the war years. A 19-year-old Jack Nicklaus won the tournament in 1959 shortly before going on to win the first of his two U.S. Amateur titles.

Author Ian Fleming used the Royal St George's course under the name "Royal St. Marks" in his 1959 novel Goldfinger. When he died, Fleming was the Captain-elect of the club.

Environmental awareness
Royal St George's is situated on the same stretch of coastline as Royal Cinque Ports Club and neighbouring Prince's Golf Club, both former Open Championship venues.

The course has been involved in a research informed study undertaken by Dr Graham Earl since 2011, on behalf of Natural England and Canterbury Christ Church University.

The intensive study undertaken between 2011 – 2015 at Sandwich Bay, incorporated all three links golf courses located at Sandwich Bay, including Royal Cinque Ports golf club and Princes golf club. These courses were involved in an Eco-hydrological study, focusing upon the chemical composition of the groundwater, historical analysis of vegetation composition and management trials looking at site-specific management regimes which encourage native sward development.

Management trials indicated that burning as a management regime promoted an increase in native swards. A combination of the research informed outcomes and enthusiasm for the study by Head Greenkeeper Paul Larsen, has helped to revert in a positive way the SSSI status at Royal St Georges golf club, in an unprecedented three-year period.

This burning management regime provides a fast quick burn, therefore not affecting the rooting zone, (in particular the rare orchids which reside predominantly at Sandwich Bay), but does remove the thatch layer removing generalist competitive plant/grass species. The burning treatment, which can be viewed between October and February, was undertaken to reduce the sward thatch and encourage native grey dune plant species and has been very successful. The site now hosts one of the largest abundance of orchids in a single site, managed for amenity.

The Open Championship
Royal St George's has hosted The Open Championship on 15 occasions since 1894.

 * Note: For multiple winners of The Open Championship, superscript ordinal identifies which in their respective careers.

title: Royal St George's Golf Club


text:
Talk:Daedalus

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 29 March 2021 and 11 June 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Shemumbles.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 18:58, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Removal
Removed """In the nineteenth century, Thomas Bulfinch combined these into a single synoptic view of material which Andrew Stewart calls a "historically-intractable farrago of 'evidence', heavily tinged with Athenian cultural chauvinism""""

-Since there's no source indicating where that came from nor if that's even true. Sounds like idiotic gossip to me, and it'll remain being so until somebody place the source of where that came from (which the first author certainly wont) so, there obviously wont be.

Comments
IMHO Daedalus is the correct transliteration of the greek name, Daedalus is the latin form. Since the origin is greek mythology, the greek name should be given first.

 * That sounds believable, but the English Wikipedia generally prefers the most common usage/spelling of a word in English - in this case that would be Daedalus. So I will revert for now, unless a consensus decides otherwise (in which case a page move would be in order). However, its worth making a more explicit mention that Daidalos is the Greek transliteration somewhere in the article. -- Solipsist 00:58, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * as i am unsure how to go about doing this i will leave this idea here. "there should be a section about uses in common pop culture such as that 'daedalus' is the name of a main earth space ship in the show stargate sg-1 or that he is a main character in the book 'the battle of the labyrinth' by rick riordan."

Outstanding density
"Minos had to have the labyrinth to imprison his wife's son: the Minotaur. Daedalus had built Minos' wife, Pasiphae, a wooden cow so she could mate with the bull. Poseidon had cursed her with zoophilia." This text in just 35 words gives the following misconceptions: Yikes! --Wetman 03:50, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * The labyrinth was a prison.
 * The Minotaur was the "stepson" of Minos.
 * Minos was an individual with a biography rather than an archetype.
 * Pasiphaë was "his" wife.
 * Her "mating" with the bull-god was a "curse".
 * The dysfunctional psychology of zoophilia is relevant.

In my Latin class we translated a passage (I believe from the Metamorphoses) which backed up those statements. I'm aware that there are many versions of myths; is the one I read the less popular one? Sir Akroy 15:35, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

Attribution of sources needed
Most of this article is taken verbatim from Bulfinch's Mythology. The 1979 edition of that volume has the text in question on page 156 (in the "Stories of Gods and Heroes" section). Though the text itself is out of copyright, nevertheless reprinting it without giving proper credit to Professor Bullfinch seems akin to plagiarism. I'm making a note as to the correct authorship on the main page, and when time permits I will be rewriting the article so taht it is not longer plagiarized.

Please, people, let us respect the work of others and give credit where credit is due, okay?Manticore 18:22, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Good! Graves Myths and Kerenyi's Gods both give Greek sources in notes. Fresh text can be derived directly from translations of the sources. --Wetman 18:38, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I've removed the note on the main page since nothings been done and normally your supposed to discuss about sources either in the discussion page or via a {1911} tag, or in a "Sources" sub-section. So long as its public domain, there is no reason to call attention to it in the opening lines of the article. Thats one of the benefits of Wikipedia, public domain text can be imported and over time will be expanded and hopefully be improved by other authors. Stbalbach 01:45, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

"Athena turned Perdix into a partridge and left a scar that looks like a partridge on Daedalus' right shoulder" - I'm trying to locate the source of the statement about the partridge-shaped scar.RLKA (talk) 12:09, 27 January 2017 (UTC)

Attribution still needed
I utterly disagree that attribution is unneeded for public domain documents (though I admit that I have been remiss in not following up). A lack of attribution gives the mistaken impression that this is original work: I don't care that Thomas Bulfinch is long dead, he should still be given credit, and persons new to the still of myth should know the origins of what they are reading. More importantly, the tone of this article is un-encyclopedic. It needs heavy revision. At any rate, I'm returning the line about Bulfinch to the main page. Manticore 22:52, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Added a sources sub-section, standard Wikipedia protocol. Done all the time for EB1911 articles, and others, that are copied verbatum. Stbalbach 03:21, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Text sounds like Ovid
The text of the page about Daedalus sounds like a translation of Ovid's stor from the Metamorphoses. Perhaps it would be better to include more outside information rather than merely one particular author's account of the story.

roman/greek mythology
I am not very knowledgeable in mythology, but the roman and greek stories of deadalus, i think, are mixed up, or it is not clearly stated which version is the information being taken from. From other wikipedia articles I found that: - homer wrote the early greek myths - lapix mentioned as a son of daedalus in roman mythology - minerva is a roman goddess, and is the roman counterpart to the greek goddess Athena. There is probably more crossing overs of the roman/greek versions of daedalus, but I could not find/ describe them. This make the article unreliable, for someone reasearching, for example, the greek figure daeadlus. I am hoping that someone with a better knowledge of the subject will correct this because, right now, I do not have the time to research all of this. --Michael Diaz 01:55, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

The Labyrinth as dancing-ground
He is first mentioned by Homer as the creator of a wide dancing-ground for Ariadne [1]. Homer refers to Ariadne by her Cretan title, the "Lady of the Labyrinth" [2]. The Labyrinth on Crete in which the Minotaur was kept was also created by the artificer Daedalus.

My concern is that the word "also" in the above quotation posits the interpretation that the Labyrinth at Knossos and the dancing-ground for Ariadne are two distinct creations. Another interpretation is that they are the same structure. Regard the following excerpt from the wikipedia entry for Labyrinth:

That the Cretan labyrinth had been a dancing-ground and was made for Ariadne rather than for Minos was remembered by Homer in Iliad xviii.590–593, where, in the pattern that Hephaestus inscribed on Achilles' shield, one incident pictured was a dancing-ground "like the one that Daedalus designed in the spacious town of Knossos for Ariadne of the lovely locks."

Copyediting in the "Family" section
"Daedalus", in my opinion, is a very important Wikipedia page for mythology. Daedalus is an important figure, so he should have a clean Wikipedia page. However, in the "Family" section, I see a floating quote from Socrates and some poor writing (eg "In this quote", which sounds a bit too much like an elementary school essay). How should I fix the floating Socrates quote? I'd like to incorporate it into the sentence after it but I'm not sure how. YoSoyUnHamster (talk) 01:15, 10 May 2018 (UTC)

Okay, I think I fixed it, but I still want a copyediting/English expert to look at it. YoSoyUnHamster (talk) 01:22, 10 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daedalus


text:
Eleonore Poelsleitner

Eleonore Polsleitner (born 2 October 1920) was a female guard at the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria. Born in Unterach, Austria, Polsleitner became a female overseer at the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp on 1 November 1944. She trained under Jane Bernigau and has never been prosecuted for war crimes.

title: Eleonore Poelsleitner


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User:Upi

I am a computer programmer with a masters in computer science. Yet another random wikipedia contributor, hoping that my small edits, along with all the other wikipedians, will some day amount to something useful.

I also develop and contribute to a few open source software projects.

My personal homepage is at http://apocalypse.rulez.org/~upi/

title: User:Upi


text:
Dick Barton

Dick Barton – Special Agent is a radio thriller serial that was broadcast in the BBC Light Programme between 7 October 1946 and 30 March 1951. Produced and directed by Raymond Raikes, Neil Tuson, and Charles Lefaux, it was aired in 15-minute episodes at 6.45 (later 6.15) each weekday evening. From 11 January 1947 an additional "omnibus" edition repeated all of the week's programmes each Saturday morning between 11.00 and 12.00. In all, 711 episodes were produced and the serial achieved a peak audience of 20 million. Its end was marked by a leading article in The Times.

The serial followed the adventures of ex-commando Captain Richard Barton MC (Noel Johnson, later Duncan Carse and Gordon Davies) who, with his mates Jock Anderson (Alex McCrindle) and Snowey White (John Mann), solved all sorts of crimes, escaped from dangerous situations, and saved the nation from disaster time and time again.

The series was replaced from time to time by one about the adventures of an explorer. One episode was entitled "Plague on the Plateau".

Beginning in 1948, the Hammer film company made three Dick Barton films and, long after the radio series had been replaced by The Archers, Southern Television made a television version in 1979. Dick Barton has also been adapted into a tongue-in-cheek stage play and a spoof radio comedy. Each version has featured the originals' memorable signature tune, "Devil's Galop" by Charles Williams.

Style
The series was devised by producer Norman Collins. The scripts were written by Edward J. Mason, Geoffrey Webb and Produced and directed by Raymond Raikes. The programme gave rise to a popular catchphrase of the late 1940s "With one bound, Dick was free!" which made light of the fact that no matter how dangerous the cliffhanging situation Dick found himself in every evening, he would always escape easily.

Early ideas for the character's name included "Bill Barton" and "Rex Drake". However, the production team finally settled on the more dynamic Dick Barton. After the series had been on the air for some time, the BBC (conscious that the biggest audience for the programme was schoolboys) wrote a strict code of what Dick and his chums could and couldn't do, one clause famously stating "Sex plays no part in his adventures."

Cast (British)

 * Noel Johnson as Dick Barton (Story 1 - 23)
 * Duncan Carse as Dick Barton (Story 24 - 32)
 * Gordan Davies as Dick Barton (Story 33 - 39)
 * John Mann as Snowey White
 * Colin Douglas as Inspector Burke
 * William Fox as Colonel Gardiner
 * Alex McCrindle as Jock Anderson
 * Margaret Robertson as Jean Hunter

Cast (Australian)

 * Douglas Kelly as Dick Barton
 * William Lloyd as Snowey White
 * Patricia Kenedy as Jean Hunter
 * Moira Carleton as Betsy

* With John Morgan, Robert Peach, Clifford Cowley and Richard Davies.

Cancellation
In 1951 The Archers was first broadcast at 11.45 am on the Light Programme. BBC management, led by drama head Val Gielgud, had never felt comfortable with the sensationalism of Dick Barton. The Archers, which they considered more 'suitable', took Dick Barton place in the schedules from Easter 1951.

Revivals
In 1972 as part of the BBC's Golden Jubilee, the BBC broadcast a new, abridged, 10-episode version of the first Barton serial - "The Secret Weapon". The cast included many members of the original cast, including Noel Johnson, John Mann, William Fox, Alex McCrindle, and Margaret Robertson.

From October 1997 to May 1998, BBC Radio 4 broadcast a six-part sequel/pastiche called Richard Barton: General Practitioner!, in which Dick Barton's son Richard is a country doctor caring for his apparently senile father, who retreats into fantasies based on his past adventures, believing that there are devilish enemies lurking around him. The series was written by Edward Mason's son Lol Mason, and featured Moray Watson as old Dick Barton, Robert Bathurst as his son Richard, Matilda Ziegler as Richard's wife Sally, Julian Dutton as young Dick Barton and Iain Cuthbertson as Jock Anderson. The series was rebroadcast on BBC Radio 4 Extra in 2015 and again in 2019.

In 2009, BBC Audiobooks released Dick Barton and the Mystery of the Missing Formula (ISBN 978-1408410523), a reading of a novel based on the radio serials written by Mike Dorrell and read by Toby Stephens.

The BBC produced a completely new live recording of an original 1951 Dick Barton serial in June 2013, starring Tim Bentinck and Terry Molloy. (Blackstone audiobooks ISBN 978-1481506052)

Films
Beginning in 1948, the Hammer film company made three Dick Barton films, which were intended to be the beginning of a long-running series. Don Stannard, the star, was killed in a car crash in 1949, and Hammer decided to discontinue the series after the production of only three films. Hammer shelved plans to film the next Dick Barton film, Dick Barton in Africa written by John Gilling.

 * Dick Barton: Special Agent (1948)
 * Dick Barton Strikes Back (1949)
 * Dick Barton at Bay (1950)

Television
In 1979, Southern Television, one of the smaller ITV Network Companies, made a series of Dick Barton - Special Agent which ran in an early evening slot on the ITV Network.

Like the original, it ran in 15-minute segments and was again accompanied by the familiar theme tune, the titles playing against an animated dagger and target motif. The production was blighted by financial troubles, though, and some critics said it was a mistake to try to resurrect the character.

The cast of the show was Tony Vogel as Dick Barton, Anthony Heaton as Snowey White, James Cosmo as Jock Anderson and John Gatrell as Sir Richard Marley. The 32x15 minutes episodes were transmitted by most of the ITV network on Saturdays and Sundays between January and April 1979. Southern, however, screened the show across consecutive nights from Mondays through to Thursday in the radio series's original timeslot of 6.45 to 7.00pm.

 * Adventure One written by Clive Exton, in ten parts. Demobbed after six years in the army, old friend Sir Richard Marley asks Barton to look into the disappearance of his daughter Virginia (Fiona Fullerton) and son Rex (Kevan Sheehan). They come up against master criminal, Melganik played by John G. Heller.
 * Adventure Two written by Julian Bond, in eight parts. At a late night celebration at the "Blue Parrot", Barton and his colleagues rescue a young girl, Lucy Cameron (Debbie Farrington) from being attacked. She tells them that her father, George Cameron (Colin Rix) has been kidnapped by the evil Muller (Guy Deghy) who is after the deadly poison he has developed.
 * Adventure Three written by Clive Exton, in six parts. Celebrating from the last adventure, Dick's Aunt Agatha (Stella Kemball) rings up and tells him that her house has vanished. A further phone call from Sir Richard Marley reveals that scientist, Harold Jenkins (Peter Godfrey) has perfected his ultimate weapon and Barton and comrades soon find themselves up against Melganik again.
 * Adventure Four written by Julian Bond, in eight parts. Dandy Parkes (Terence Seward), a middle-aged playboy and Amanda Aston (Marsha Fitzalan), wife of a respected Whitehall official are threatened by the Drew Brothers (Ernie Drew by Bernard Kay).

The complete series was released on DVD in March 2009, and in 2010 re-runs of Dick Barton were shown on the British satellite television channel Film 24. By 2016 it had reappeared on Talking Pictures TV.

Stage musical
A stage musical, Dick Barton Episode I, Special Agent, written by Phil Willmott, directed by Ted Craig. Musical direction was by Stefan Bednarczyk. It premièred at the Warehouse Theatre in December 1998 to great acclaim. It was revived in 1999 and productions then toured Britain between 1998 and 2001. Following its success, further "episodes" were written and performed at the Warehouse Theatre:

 * December 1999 was Dick Barton Episode II, The Curse Of The Pharaoh's Tomb by Phil Willmott. Musical direction was by Stefan Bednarczyk. This was commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2001 was Dick Barton Episode III, The Tango Of Terror by Phil Willmott. Musical direction by Stefan Bednarczyk. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre. It later toured to Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guilford & Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon.
 * December 2002 was Dick Barton Episode IV, The Flight of the Phoenix by Duncan Wisbey and Stefan Bednarcxyk, directed by Ted Craig. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2003 was Dick Barton Episode V, The Excess of Evil by Duncan Wisbey and Stefan Bednarcyk, directed by Ted Craig. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2006 was Young Dick Barton by Duncan Wisbey, lyrics by Stefan Bednarczyk and directed by Ted Craig. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2008 was Young Dick Barton Episode II, The Devil Wears Tweed by Duncan Wisbey. Music and lyrics by Stefan Bednarczyk. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2009 was Dick Barton, Quantum Of Porridge by Duncan Wisbey. Music and lyrics by Stefan Bednarczyk. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.
 * December 2010 was Dick Barton, A Fist Full Of Barton by Kit Benjamin and Philip Ives, musical director was Stefan Bednarczyk. Commissioned by and premièred at the Warehouse Theatre.

CD releases
The BBC's 1972 remake of the very first Dick Barton serial has been available to buy on BBC CD and tape for many years. For some time, this was the only Dick Barton radio material that was commercially available, having been recovered from a recording made by a member of the public, but this has now changed.

In February 2011, BBC Radio 4 and a number of national newspapers reported that 338 episodes of Dick Barton recorded in the late 1940s had been recovered from the NFSA [National Film and Sound Archive] in Australia; these re-recordings, using the original BBC scripts and music cues, starred Douglas Kelly as Barton with Moira Carleton, Clifford Cowley, Richard Davies, William Lloyd and Patricia Kennedy. BBC Worldwide's audio arm have released a number of these on CD.

The Dick Barton radio series was later relaunched in the UK on BBC Radio 4 Extra (formerly BBC Radio 7) and further Dick Barton CDs have been announced by AudioGO (using the NFSA recordings).

The BBC produced a completely new live recording of an original 1951 Dick Barton serial in June 2013, starring Tim Bentinck and Terry Molloy. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-22689138

This new live production of the 1951 Barton story Dick Barton and the Trail of the Rocket was recorded at the Y Theatre in Leicester using original scripts from 1951. It was released on CD by BBC Audio in July 2014, along with a number of bonus features. It is the only recording of this final Dick Barton serial to be made available by the BBC on CD. The original 1951 recording was never archived. It was billed as Dick Barton - Special Agent: LIVE and starred Tim Bentinck in the lead.

The following Dick Barton dramas are now available to buy on CD (or as downloads) via BBC Audio:

1 STORY 1: 'Dick Barton and the Secret Weapon' (AKA 'Dick Barton: Special Agent) written by Edward J. Mason and originally broadcast 1946. The serial was re-recorded in November 1972 with much of the original cast. This is the 1972 version. (RELEASED: 1989)    (RE-RELEASED: 2001 and 2009)

2 STORY 2: 'Dick Barton and the Paris Adventure' (which takes place right after "The Secret Weapon") written by Edward J. Mason. This recording was originally broadcast in Australia 14 March - 14 April 1949; original United Kingdom transmission dates are unknown at this time. (RELEASED: April 2011)

3 STORY 3: 'Dick Barton and the Cabatolin Diamonds' (which takes place right after "The Paris Adventure") written by Geoffrey Webb. This recording was originally broadcast in Australia 18 April - 19 May 1949; original United Kingdom transmission dates are unknown at this time. (RELEASED: April 2011)

4 STORY 6: 'Dick Barton and the Smash and Grab Raiders' written by Ronnie and Arthur Colley. This recording was originally broadcast in the United Kingdom 24 February - 12 March 1947 and in Australia August - September 1949. (RELEASED: 3 November 2011)

5 STORY 7: 'Dick Barton and the Tibetan Adventure' (which takes place right after "The Smash and Grab Raiders") written by Edward J. Mason. This recording was originally broadcast in the United Kingdom 24 March - 18 April 1947 and in Australia 19 September - 14 October 1949. (RELEASED: 3 November 2011)

6 STORY 9: 'Dick Barton and the Affair of the Black Panther' written by Geoffrey Webb. This recording was originally broadcast in the United Kingdom 10–31 May 1947 and in Australia 3 November - December 1949. (RELEASED: 5 January 2012)

7 STORY 10: 'Dick Barton and the Vulture' (which takes place right after "The Affair of the Black Panther") written by Edward J. Mason. This story was first broadcast in the United Kingdom 29 September 1947 – 24 October 1947. Australian broadcast dates are unknown. (RELEASED: 5 January 2012)

8 STORY 13: 'Dick Barton and the Li-Chang Adventure' written by Edward J. Mason. This story was first broadcast in the United Kingdom 22 December 1947 – 23 January 1948. Australian broadcast dates are unknown. (RELEASED: 5 APRIL 2012)

9 STORY 14: 'Dick Barton and the Case of Conrad Ruda' (which takes place right after "The Li-Chang Adventure") written by Basil Dawson. This story was first broadcast in the United Kingdom 26 January 1948 – 20 February 1948. Australian broadcast dates are unknown. (RELEASED: 5 APRIL 2012)

10 STORY 16: 'Dick Barton and the Firefly Adventure' written by Edward J. Mason & Produced by Morris West. This story was first broadcast in the United Kingdom sometime in 1950; actual transmission dates are unknown at this time. Australian broadcast dates are unknown. (RELEASED: 3 SEPTEMBER 2015)

Dick Barton - Special Agent: LIVE:

11 STORY 39: 'Dick Barton and the Trail of the Rocket' written by Bertie Chapman. (RELEASED: July 2014)

All of the above, including the BBC Radio documentary "Dick Barton: Still a Special Agent", have been released together for audio download as "Dick Barton: Special Agent - The Complete BBC Radio Collection" by Audible.

title: Dick Barton


text:
User:MH~enwiki

hallo leute. ich bin ein 25jähriger gelernter fachinformatiker aus süddeutschland und habe viel spass am aktiven mitgestallten des internets zb. hier auf wikipedia.

über einen besuch auf meiner homepage http://mh.dd.vu würde ich mich sehr freuen

gruß

MH

title: User:MH~enwiki


text:
User talk:Upi

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! -- Graham ☺ | Talk 15:56, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Vandal
Thanks for giving us the heads up on the vandalism coming in from 24.8.12.20. I blocked him for 3 hours - long enough for him to get bored and decide to goto bed.

Thanks again!

ClockworkSoul 08:27, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Abdomenizer
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Abdomenizer, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process  because of the following concern:
 * Unreferenced for nearly three years, fails WP:V

All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised because, even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Stifle (talk) 10:46, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Upi


text:
File:Golden Earring - Seven Tears.jpg

Album cover for Seven Tears by Golden Earring

Fair use rationale for

 * It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the audio recording in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
 * The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future
 * Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used
 * For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright

title: File:Golden Earring - Seven Tears.jpg


text:
Karla Mayer

Karla Mayer, born Karla Woellert (born 7 February 1918), was a guard at three Nazi death camps during the Second World War. Mayer's whereabouts after 1944 are unknown.

Background
Woellert was born in Friedland, Germany. On 15 September 1941, she arrived at Ravensbrück to undergo guard training. In March 1942, she arrived at Auschwitz I camp in Poland. There she gained the title of Leiterin eines Sortierkommandos ("Chief Overseer of a Sorting Party").

Disappearance
Mayer later went to the Majdanek camp near Lublin, and when Majdanek was evacuated in early 1944, she arrived back at Auschwitz, and then disappeared. Her fate is unknown.

title: Karla Mayer


text:
Karol Libelt

Karol Libelt (8 April 1807, neighborhood of Chwaliszewo in Poznań, Duchy of Warsaw - 9 June 1875, Brdowo) was a Polish philosopher, writer, political and social activist, social worker and liberal, nationalist politician, and president of the Poznań Society of Friends of Learning.

Life and work
Libelt took part in the failed November Uprising against Russia in 1830, and was imprisoned for nine months at Magdeburg. Since 1839 he became the head of a secret committee started to organise yet another uprising against the partitioning powers, which was nicknamed the Libelt Committee - Komitet Libelt). He was sentenced by the Prussian authorities to 20 years of imprisonment in a fortress for taking part in the Greater Poland Uprising (1846). However, he was amnestied in 1848 and returned to Posen (Poznań), where he took part in the Greater Poland Uprising (1848) and joined various organisations supporting the independence of Poland (Polish National Committee and Revolutionary Committee). During the Spring of Nations he was elected as one of the members of the Frankfurt Parliament; he also took part in the Slavic Congress in Prague in June 1848.

In 1849 he was elected a member of the Prussian parliament and became the director of the liberal Dziennik Polski (Polish Daily). The following year Libelt began to establish various scientific and social organisations in Greater Poland, including the Society of Friends of the Sciences in Posen (Poznań), which became a de facto university. Between 1868 and 1875 he headed the Society and gave lectures in aesthetics. In 1873, he was elected to the Prussian Lower House.

In his philosophical works, Libelt described the so-called Polish messianism, or a belief that the history of the world would be redeemed by the Polish people, who gained moral excellence because of the suffering of their fatherland. He believed in existence of a super-rational cognitive power, visible through art. He is known internationally mainly because of the word intelligentsia popularized by him in one of his books (Filozofia i krytyka - Philosophy and Critics).

Writings

 * Filozofia i krytyka, Hegelian in tendency (1845–50)
 * Estetyka (1851)
 * Umnictevo, a system of ethics (1857)
 * Dziela (1875)
 * Zbior pism pomniejszych, political papers (1849–51)
 * Dziewica Orléanska (1847)
 * Humor i pravada, sketches (1852)

title: Karol Libelt


text:
Seven Tears

Seven Tears is an album by Dutch rock band Golden Earring, released in 1971. The album was not issued in the U.S.

Track listing
All songs written by Kooymans except where noted.

 * 1) "Silver Ships" - 5:40
 * 2) "The Road Swallowed Her Name" - 4:07
 * 3) "Hope" (Gerritsen, Hay) - 4:46
 * 4) "Don't Worry" (Hay) - 3:20
 * 5) "She Flies on Strange Wings" - 7:22
 * 6) "This Is the Other Side of Life" - 3:19
 * 7) "You're Better Off Free" - 6:44

Personnel

 * George Kooymans - guitar, vocals
 * Rinus Gerritsen - bass guitar, keyboards
 * Barry Hay - flute, vocals, guitar
 * Cesar Zuiderwijk - drums

Production

 * Producer: Fred Haayen

title: Seven Tears


text:
Talk:Seven Tears

Seven tears are running to the sea ...
I think Seven Tears is better known as a 1982 hit song by the Goombay Dance Band. All DJs of the 80's seemed to have a really big crush on this song.

title: Talk:Seven Tears


text:
Catholic Private University Linz

The Catholic Private University Linz is one of four universities in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria, with approximately 500 students enrolled. Its roots go back to 1672 and it is a Papal faculty since 1978. It is an accredited private university but its tuition fees currently (as of December 2004) match those of Austria's public universities.

title: Catholic Private University Linz


text:
Christmas by medium

Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.

Films
Many Christmas stories have been adapted to movies and TV specials, and have been broadcast and repeated many times on TV. Since the popularization of home video in the 1980s, their many editions are sold and re-sold every year during the holiday shopping season. Notable examples are the many versions of the ballet The Nutcracker, the 1946 film It's a Wonderful Life, and the similarly themed versions of Dickens' A Christmas Carol, in which the elderly miser Ebenezer Scrooge is visited by ghosts and learns the errors of his ways. By contrast, the hero of the former, George Bailey, is a businessman who sacrificed his dreams to help his community. On Christmas Eve, a guardian angel finds him in despair and prevents him from committing suicide, by supernaturally showing him how much he meant to the world around him.

A few films based on fictionalized versions of true stories have become Christmas specials themselves. The story behind the Christmas carol "Silent Night" and the story of "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus" are two examples.

Sometimes, family films and classics boasting special effects and/or uplifting messages, but having no real relation to Christmas, are telecast during the season as part of the holiday programming. The Wizard of Oz, for instance, was always telecast during the Christmas season between 1959 and 1962. Other films often seen around the Christmas period are Singin' in the Rain, Some Like it Hot, Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines, Casablanca, The Golden Compass, Great Expectations, Annie, Grease, The Adventures of Robin Hood, Johnny Depp's Alice Saga, Sunshine on Leith, The Star Wars Saga, Transformers, The Simpsons Movie, Cinderella, Maleficent, Into the Woods, Oz the Great and Powerful, Sam Raimi's Spider Man trilogy, Paddington, Around the World in Eighty Days, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Robert Downey Jr's Sherlock Holmes Saga, Fiddler on the Roof, My Fair Lady, Mary Poppins, Enchanted, the Mamma Mia! saga, Bridesmaids, Oliver!, Crocodile Dundee, King Kong, The Railway Children, The Sound of Music, Bedknobs & Broomsticks, the Jurassic Park movies, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies, the DC Extended Universe movies and Peter Jackson's Middle Earth saga, as well as several animated Disney, DreamWorks, Aardman, Studio Ghibli, Illumination, Laika and Pixar movies. Others have some scenes during the Christmas season, such as the Harry Potter films which are frequently included in the viewing rotation. The action film Die Hard is seen by some as a Christmas film, as it takes place on the holiday, and is often viewed during the season, although whether or not Die Hard should be considered a Christmas film has been debated due to its story not being about the holiday itself. Others in this category include Iron Man 3, Lethal Weapon, Batman Returns, Eyes Wide Shut, Female Trouble, Shazam! and Doctor Zhivago.

In the United Kingdom, during the 2000s ITV usually showed a James Bond and/or a Harry Potter film(s) during the Christmas Holidays whilst the BBC showed the Chronicles of Narnia and/or High School Musical films. And for many years Channel 5 have shown American/Canadian made-for-TV Christmas films during the weeks before Christmas.

In North America, the holiday movie season often includes release of studios' most prestigious pictures, in an effort both to capture holiday crowds and to position themselves for Oscar consideration. Next to summer, this is the second-most lucrative season for the industry. In fact, a few films each year open on the actual Christmas Day holiday. Christmas movies generally open no later than Thanksgiving, as their themes are not so popular once the season is over. Likewise, the home video release of these films is typically delayed until the beginning of the next year's Christmas season.

American Christmas-themed films are also broadcast on the Hallmark Channel and its companion channel Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, which during the holiday season generally feature new films along with reruns of favorites from prior years. Actresses Candace Cameron Bure, Lacey Chabert, and Danica McKellar, along with actor Niall Matter, are frequently featured in lead or major roles. The films themselves generally feature a similar theme of a person who has "lost the Christmas spirit" and through "Christmas magic" regains it (commonly by a romantic encounter; frequently one of the two in the romance is a single parent or has lost someone special around a prior Christmas season). Another theme plays on the "big city-small town" dynamic, whereby a lead character has either left a small hometown for the big city (and has had to return), or a big city person has to go to a small town, in either case deciding that the small town is where they should remain.

The settings are usually in the northern United States, or in a mountain area (such as Colorado), where snow (and the ensuing "White Christmas") are used as a backdrop for the film (though the films themselves are often filmed in British Columbia due to favorable film tax benefits).

As of 2020 The Grinch is the highest grossing Christmas film of all time. Green Book was the last movie with a Christmas setting to win the Academy Award for Best Picture.

Television specials and episodes
Before 1962, when Mr. Magoo's Christmas Carol premiered, true Christmas specials made for TV were either adaptations of stories such as A Christmas Carol (with live actors), or the Nativity Story, or episodes of variety shows highlighting Christmas music. They were often hosted by such celebrities as Perry Como, Jane Wyatt, or Florence Henderson. (A notable exception was The Spirit of Christmas in 1950, which, although featuring an appearance by Alexander Scourby, who also narrated, starred the Mabel Beaton Marionettes.)

This all changed once variety shows began dying out in the late 1980s and Rankin-Bass began producing more and more Christmas specials.

One notable television special usually seen at Christmas was Amahl and the Night Visitors, commissioned by NBC and telecast annually in the U.S. from 1951 to 1966. It was the first opera written especially for television. Composed by Gian-Carlo Menotti with a libretto in English by the composer, the opera told of a disabled beggar boy living with his (presumably) widowed mother in the Holy Land. They are visited by the Three Wise Men who are on their way to see the Christ Child, and when Amahl offers his crutch as a gift, he is miraculously cured. In 1978, it returned to television, with less success.

United Kingdom
TV programmes which have had special Christmas episodes in the United Kingdom include Top of the Pops (from 1960s-2006), Morecambe and Wise (1970s), The Two Ronnies (1980s), Stars in Their Eyes, Only Fools and Horses (both 1990s), and more recently, Doctor Who, Top Gear (both 2000s), Downton Abbey (2010s) and The Repair Shop (2020s).

The 1982 animated tale The Snowman has been screened for many years during the Christmas period (usually Christmas Eve or Christmas Day), and the 1991 short animated film, Father Christmas, by the same artist and company, is usually broadcast around the same time.

Adaptations of novels from Charles Dickens are also common around Christmas time. Along with A Christmas Carol (the most popular due to its Christmas season setting, and the message portrayed), these also include Bleak House (2005), Oliver Twist (2007) and Great Expectations (2011), among others. These adaptations usually feature all-star casts.

Christmas Day begins at 12 at night with the showing of Midnight Mass on the BBC. In addition, the monarch annually broadcasts a 10-minute speech on Christmas Day at 3 p.m. Many long-running British soap operas have Christmas specials, usually involving a dramatic storyline developed over several weeks which culminates at Christmas. Often these stories are tragic, involving a death, divorce, a dramatic revelation or similar event.

Most Christmas specials in the UK are specially commissioned separately to a production season, and many are extended from the usual episode length. For example, the 2007 Doctor Who Christmas special was 71 minutes as opposed to the standard 45 minutes, was broadcast six months after the third series had finished and four months before the fourth series started. UK Christmas specials may or may not feature the holiday itself as part of the narrative.

While the season receives almost universal acknowledgement on British TV, some channels and programmes have tried "alternative" or "anti-Christmas" ideas. One example is Channel 4 which has run an Alternative Christmas message since 1993. In 2009, two movie channels renamed themselves for the season; Sky Movies Screen 2 became Sky Movies Christmas Channel and Movies 24 became Christmas 24. From 2010, changes to Sky Movies line-up meant that Sky Movies Showcase was used for Sky Movies Christmas Channel. On 16 November 2012, two music channels renamed themselves; Bliss became Blissmas and Greatest Hits TV was rebranded as Christmas Hits TV.

United States
In the United States, many television series (particularly those of a family-oriented nature) produce a Christmas episode, although seldom outside of a season's production block. Stand-alone Christmas specials are also popular, from newly created animated shorts and movies to repeats of those that were popular in previous years, such as Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and A Charlie Brown Christmas. Some local affiliates provide the Yule Log, a block of time either on Christmas morning or both during the evening hours of Christmas Eve and Christmas morning showing footage of a fireplace, coupled with popular Christmas music. Some local affiliates that provide the Yule Log simulcast Christmas music from a radio station playing it.

Every Christmas Day, ABC (since 1996) airs a Christmas parade at Walt Disney World Resort and along with its sister cable network, ESPN (since they jointly acquired broadcast rights to the league in 2002), NBA games featuring some of the league's best teams and players, broadcasting a doubleheader (or as many as five games between the two networks in certain years);  the NBA's Christmas Day games are notable as they historically serve as the league's first game telecasts on over-the-air network television each season. NBC airs the Vatican Midnight Mass service at St. Peter's Basilica on Christmas Eve night (having broadcast the service annually since 1972, typically in place of the network's regular late-night programming), and usually airs an ice skating special (often on the weekend prior to or of the holiday). Additionally, CBS usually airs college basketball games the day after Christmas while NBC airs a Premier League soccer match that same day.

Christmas specials based on classical music have also been well received. Among them, in addition to the previously mentioned Amahl and the Night Visitors, have been the many telecasts of the ballet The Nutcracker, and concert specials featuring musicians such as the Boston Pops, the Mormon Tabernacle Choir, the Cincinnati Pops, and the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and Chorus.

Radio
Many radio stations begin to add Christmas music to their rotation in late November, and often switch to all-Christmas programming for December 25. Some do for part of or all of December 24 as well. A few stations switch to all-Christmas music for the entire season (some beginning as early as mid-November); in Detroit, 100.3 WNIC in 2005 started Christmas music day and night on midnight of October 31 because programmers believed that at least some listeners who are attracted by the Christmas music will remain loyal listeners when the station reverts to its standard format on Boxing Day. Radio stations also broadcast traditional Western art music, such as the "Hallelujah" chorus from Handel's Messiah. Among other pieces inspired by Christmas are Tchaikovsky's ballet The Nutcracker and the popular suite drawn from it, and Johann Sebastian Bach's "Christmas Oratorio" (BWV 248). Some radio stations play Christmas music commercial-free the entire day on Christmas Day, with only interruptions for Christmas messages from station personnel and personnel from the station's parent company. Others, like 96.5 KOIT in San Francisco do on both part of or all of Christmas Eve and the entire day Christmas Day. Frequently, the first song played on an "all-Christmas" station is the popular tune It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas.

The UK music industry features the battle of the bands and artists to make it to the Christmas No. 1 spot, recognised on the first Sunday before, or on, Christmas Day. Many of these songs are festive, while others are novelty songs that remain but briefly at the top of the chart. Gospel singer Cliff Richard is a fixture of Christmas charts, appearing nearly every year, and subsequently being mocked for doing so. In more recent years the Christmas chart has been dominated by the winner of The X Factor and various social media backed records aimed to hijack the charts.

As with television, British radio programmes also schedule Christmas specials. These mainly include comedy shows such as I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue and The Now Show.

The Music Choice channels have over the past few years have begun playing Christmas music as early as the beginning of November, instead of waiting till after Thanksgiving.

title: Christmas by medium


text:
Talk:A. B. Guthrie Jr.

First name
Guthrie's first name is Alfred not Arthur (Gale Literary Index, online; & the embedded link)

Biography assessment rating comment
The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article. -- Jreferee 18:45, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

Contested move request
''The following request to move a page has been added to Requested moves as an uncontroversial move, but this has been contested by one or more people. Any discussion on the issue should continue here. If a full request is not lodged within five days of this request being contested, the request will be removed from WP:RM.'' —Stemonitis 09:27, 7 July 2007 (UTC)
 * A. B. Guthrie, Jr. to A.B. Guthrie, Jr. (or A.B. Guthrie Jr. - I'm not sure how "Jr." and "Sr." are dealt with - comma or no comma?). Rationale: Naming conventions call for no space between first & middle initials. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 08:59, 7 July 2007 (UTC)
 * WP:NCP is explcit that initials are to be followed by a single point and a single space. --Stemonitis 09:27, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Naming conventions call for the exact opposite, actually. -Justin (koavf)·T·C·M 18:32, 7 July 2007 (UTC) [ copied from WP:RM by Stemonitis 18:48, 7 July 2007 (UTC) ]
 * Naming conventions call for a space, and a comma before "Jr.", just as the title is now. -GTBacchus(talk) 21:32, 8 July 2007 (UTC)

"sissy name"
Does someone have a source for the quote that Guthrie allegedly considered he had a sissy name, as the article claims? I think a reference would be appropriate, I am not sure how to add the source needed tag though. Maybe someone more able would be willing to do so? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wonderdwarf (talk • contribs) 20:16, 11 January 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:A. B. Guthrie Jr.


text:
University of Art and Design Linz

The University of Art and Design Linz is one of four universities in Linz, Upper Austria. No consensus has yet been reached on the university's name in English. The Legal Information System of the Republic of Austria calls it the University of Art and Design Linz in an English translation of the current version of the Austrian Universities Act 2002. The Austrian Ministry of Education, Science and Research calls it the University of Art and Industrial Design in Linz, and the university calls itself the University of Arts Linz.

The University of Art and Design Linz has its institutional and programmatic roots in the “Kunstschule” (Art School) of the City of Linz, which was founded in 1947, assigned academy status in 1973 and finally made a fully-fledged university in 1998. The institution was conceived as an explicit statement to signify dissociation from the previous art policy of the National Socialist era. This is in particular exemplified by its emphasis on the fundamental values of freedom of art and research, its commitment to modernism and contemporary art and the positioning of the University at the interface of free-artistic and applied-economically oriented design. In the past as in the present, these values form the basis of the fundamental essence and identity of the Kunstuniversität Linz. Since 1 January 2004, the university is constituted as a “corporation under public law” according to the new Universities Organisation Act of 2002 and hence enjoys far-reaching autonomy. In the context of the regional and international frame conditions within which Kunstuniversität Linz operates, three main orientations were evolved over the past few years. Going beyond specialist competencies per se, they are of particular importance for artistic development, research and teaching and moreover reflect the unique profile of the university.

1947
The University of Art and Design Linz is the successor to the Art School (“Kunstschule”) of the City of Linz, established in 1947. Originally, the School is assigned premises in the western bridgehead building at Hauptplatz 8. In later years, branch facilities are set up in Bischofstraße and Prunerstraße. The institution operates two master schools of painting, headed by Herbert Dimmel and Karl Hauk, who also serves as director of the Art School until 1949, as well as one master school of graphic art, headed by Alfons Ortner. In 1948 and 1951, respectively, a master school of sculpture, headed by Walter Ritter, and a master school of typography and applied graphic design, headed by Friedrich Neugebauer, follow suit.

1959/60
Alfons Ortner is appointed director. His goal is to bring the Art School closer to becoming an academy of applied art.

1961/62
In 1961, the Art School of the City of Linz is awarded full public-law status by the Federal Ministry of Education; the statute of the school and the curricular, scholastic and examination regulations are revised; the “master schools” are now called “master classes”. The following new master classes are introduced: Advertising Art, head: Erich Buchegger Basic Course, head: Roxane Cuvay

1973
The Federal Act of 9 May 1973, Federal Gazette No. 251/1973, transforms the institution into the “Academy of Art and Industrial Design in Linz” (Hochschule für künstlerische und industrielle Gestaltung in Linz). Alfons Ortner is voted founding rector.

At this time, the institution offered the following master classes:
 * Painting and Graphic Art, Alfons Ortner
 * Advertising Art, Erich Buchegger
 * Typography and Book Design, Friedrich Neugebauer
 * Interior Design, Friedrich Goffitzer
 * Industrial Design, Horst C. H. Meru
 * Ceramics, Günter Praschak
 * Three-dimensional Design – Metal, Helmuth Gsöllpointner
 * Three-dimensional Design – Sculpture, Erwin Reiter
 * Basic Course, Roxane Cuvay (interim)

and the following chairs:
 * Environment Design, Günther Feuerstein
 * Art Education, Hannes Haybäck

1975 and 1976
Endowment of a chair for handicraft education and appointment of Helmut Huber as its head and endowment of a chair for textile design and appointment of Fritz Riedl as its head.

1977 to 1980
In autumn 1977, the "Fund of the Academy of Design of Linz” organises the exhibition “Forum Metall Linz” (concept developers, organisers and artistic directors: Helmuth Gsöllpointner and Peter Baum). In summer 1980, the Fund co-operates with the New Gallery of the City of Linz and others in organising the exhibition “Forum Design – Design formt den Alltag” (concept by Helmuth Gsöllpointner, Angela Hareiter, Laurids Ortner and Peter Baum).

1984 to 1990
The construction of a new building for the institution is initiated and the former Ringbrot factory in Urfahr, Sonnensteinstraße/Reindlstraße is converted to university use. The chair for handicraft education and the master classes for sculpture, visual design and ceramics move into the converted building in 1986. In 1990, the master classes for painting and graphic art, visual media design, metal, textile design, the chair for environment design, the central media workshop, the printing shop, the silkscreen workshop, the chapter of the Austrian National Union of Students and parts of the administration move into the new building in Urfahr.

1995 to 1997
The former pipe tobacco factory (Peter Behrens Building) on Untere Donaulände (built between 1929 and 1935 by Peter Behrens and Alexander Popp) is rented. The master classes for sculpture and experimental visual design move from Urfahr to the Peter Behrens Building.

1998 to 2000
On 1 October 1998, the new Federal Universities of the Arts Organisation Act (KUOG) enters into force. As per this day, the institution becomes the "University of Art and Design Linz". As per 27 September 2000, all bodies of Kunstuniversität Linz are elected according to the provisions of KUOG 1998, and as per 28 September 2000, the institution is wholly subject to KUOG 1998.

On 5 April 2000, Reinhard Kannonier is elected the first rector under the provisions of KUOG 1998.

2002 to 2003
Foundation of the Forum – Friends and Alumni of Kunstuniversität Linz; setting-up of the international research laboratory Design-Organisation-Media (DOM); (head: Michael Shamiyeh).

Reinhard Kannonier is re-elected rector for another four-year term of office. Acting upon a proposal by Kannonier, the University Council chooses three Vice-Rectors. The size of the Senate of Kunstuniversität Linz is set at 12 members by the founding assembly.

2004
Since 1 January 2004, the university has been operating as a “corporation under public law” according to the new Universities Organisation Act of 2002 and hence is largely autonomous.

What has remained a constant for the many decades since its inception are several core competencies of Kunstuniversität Linz: free artistic and applied design, interdisciplinarity, teaching at a very high level. In recent years, the profile of the university has been largely determined by the three focuses on intermediality, spatial strategies and artistic-scientific research.

Directors/Rectors

 * Directors of Kunstschule der Stadt Linz (Art School of the City of Linz)
 * Karl Hauk – Director from 1947 to 1949
 * Herbert Dimmel – Director from 1949 to 1959
 * Alfons Ortner – Director as of 1959

Vice Chancellors

 * Alfons Ortner, Founding rector of the Academy of Art and Industrial Design in Linz, 1973 to September 1977
 * Helmuth Gsöllpointner, vice-chancellor in the academic years 1977/78 to 1980/81
 * Hannes Haybäck, vice-chancellor in the academic years 1981/82 to 1984/85 and 1985/86 to 1988/89
 * Friedrich Goffitzer, vice-chancellor in the academic years 1989/90 to September 1991
 * Wolfgang Stifter, vice-chancellor in the academic years 1991/92 to 1995/96 and 1996/97 to 1999/2000
 * Reinhard Kannonier, vice-chancellor from 2000 until 2019
 * Brigitte Hütter, vice-chancellor since October 2019

title: University of Art and Design Linz


text:
Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans

Anthonie (Antoon) Cornelis Oudemans Jzn (November 12, 1858 – January 14, 1943) was a Dutch zoologist. Although he was a specialist in acarology, the study of the ticks and mites, he was often best known for his books on sea monsters and the dodo.

Born in Batavia, Dutch East Indies, he was the son of the noted Dutch astronomer Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans and the grandson of the Dutch educator, poet and philologist Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans Sr., after whom he was named. He often used the patronymic "Jzn" (for Jeanzoon) in his publications. A cousin was the entomologist J.T. Oudemans. He was educated at Arnhem and went to the University of Utrecht. He wrote his dissertation on ribbon worms, and in 1885 was appointed director of the Royal Zoological Gardens at The Hague. Oudemans worked on the acari and comprehensively reviewed all literature until 1850 in a series of articles titled Kritisch historisch Overzicht der Acarologie. He described numerous species not only of acari and insects several insect but even a primate species, the black crested mangabey.

1892 saw the publication of Oudeman's The Great Sea Serpent, a study of the many sea serpent reports from the world's oceans. Oudemans concluded that such creatures might be a previously unknown large seal, which he dubbed Megophias megophias. Reception of the volume has been described as respectful but "cold". Bernard Heuvelmans later suggested that The Great Sea Serpent was the root of cryptozoology.

In 1917, he published Dodo-studiën: naar aanleiding van de vondst van een gevelsteen met dodo-beeld van 1561 te Vere, an article on extinct dodo research.

In 1895, Oudemans left The Hague to teach biology in the Frisian city of Sneek. He published several scientific articles in later years. He had married Helena Johanna van de Velde in 1887, but became a widower, and remarried to Aletta Amelia Louise Pilgrim in 1919.

In 1942, he donated the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie his important collection of mites (Acari). This collection numbers 5981 slides (1316 species). After his death, the accompanying drawings were bequeathed to the museum as well.

Oudemans died in Arnhem in 1943.

title: Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans


text:
Scott Parker (disambiguation)

Scott Parker (born 1980) is an English football manager and former footballer.

Scott Parker may also refer to:

 * Scott Parker (ice hockey) (born 1978), retired American ice hockey right winger
 * Scott Parker (motorcyclist) (born 1961), American motorcycle dirt track racer
 * Scott Parker (wrestler), one half of the professional wrestling tag team 3.0

title: Scott Parker (disambiguation)


text:
Immigration Restriction Act

Immigration Restriction Act may refer to:
 * Immigration Restriction Act 1901 in Australia
 * Immigration Restriction Act of 1924 (also known as the National Origins Act or the Johnston–Reed Act) in the United States
 * Immigration Restriction Act 1935 in New Zealand

title: Immigration Restriction Act


text:
Nehren

Nehren is the name of two communes in Germany:
 * Nehren, Baden-Württemberg, located in the district of Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg
 * Nehren, Rhineland-Palatinate, a village in the district Cochem-Zell, Rhineland-Palatinate

title: Nehren


text:
Talk:Paul Rose (writer)

Untitled
Mr. Biffo is best known as the editor of Teletext-based video games magazine Digitiser, which ran between 1993 and 2003.

Hi, noticed this is up for "speedy deletion". However, the guy is real - it's the penname of Paul Rose, who is an esteemed writer in UK television. More information about him can be found at his site: http://www.mrbiffo.com - the FAQ has links to his other work, including writing for the TV Soap Eastenders.

Hope this clears up the misunderstanding - Cheers, Tom

Mr Biffo is a real person, however it is only a psuedonymn (sp). His main 'claim to fame' is that he was the author of digitiser, which recieved 1 million viewers each day, which is more than any printed magazine gets per month in the UK. He was also nominated for a bafta for his work on my parents are aliens. Deleting this page would be like deleting any other screen writers' page. Pod 18:41, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Mr Biffo means an enormous amount to a whole swathe of people... his occasionally subversive humour has shaped a nation's, by subtle means.

It would be very messed-up to remove this page-me-do.

Screenwriters are no more notable then dentists. I doubt every writer who ever wrote an episode of friends is on here, probably because they don't have internet fanboys. Deletion is the only option. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.192.38.160 (talk) 18:43, 13 November 2009 (UTC)

Hello
Maybe "mr biffo" should just redirect to a "Paul Rose" entry. I don't see why Rose/Biffo can't have a wikipedia page, but to be honest the entry is pretty poor and could be rewritten - perhaps by Biffo himself or someone who isn't just off the forum. Looking through the history of the page it seems there have been a couple edits which would fall under patent nonsense or POV ("inventor of the phrase 'moc-moc-a-moc'", "mr biffo is this: aces" etc.). It is fun to make up random shite on wikipedia sometimes but you can hardly complain when someone recommends the page for deletion (not necessarily suggesting that people whining are the same people who added the rubbish).

 * Agreed: Mr Biffo should redirect to a Paul Rose entry. Although it should be noted, he is inventor of the phrase 'moc-moc-a-moc', and is : aces. Hahnchen 14:38, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed, and redirected Mr Biffo to Paul Rose (journalist). Marasmusine 17:12, 27 September 2006 (UTC)

Paul Rose (writer)
I think this article should be renamed Paul Rose (writer) instead of Paul Rose (journalist). Anyone else agree? Pelago 20:58, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes. Although it doesn't matter all that much, writer would seem more apt. --81.179.78.4 18:21, 11 August 2007 (UTC)
 * ✅ Done --Dreaded Walrus t c 18:27, 11 August 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 00:25, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

Earlier works
Would his earlier works on Teletext be mentioned on here like Turner the Worm? http://www.superpage58.com/digitiser-frequently-asked-questions-faq-teletext-mr-biffo.htm#what-was-turner-the-worm

I have an example of a simulation of this here: http://www.digitextsim.com/496/

title: Talk:Paul Rose (writer)


text:
System Idle Process

In Windows NT operating systems, the System Idle Process contains one or more kernel threads which run when no other runnable thread can be scheduled on a CPU. In a multiprocessor system, there is one idle thread associated with each CPU core. For a system with hyperthreading enabled, there is an idle thread for each logical processor.

The primary purpose of the idle process and its threads is to eliminate what would otherwise be a special case in the scheduler. Without the idle threads, there could be cases when no threads were runnable (or "Ready" in terms of Windows scheduling states). Since the idle threads are always in a Ready state (if not already Running), this can never happen. Thus whenever the scheduler is called due to the current thread leaving its CPU, another thread can always be found to run on that CPU, even if it is only the CPU's idle thread. The CPU time attributed to the idle process is therefore indicative of the amount of CPU time that is not needed or wanted by any other threads in the system.

The scheduler treats the idle threads as special cases in terms of thread scheduling priority. The idle threads are scheduled as if they each had a priority lower than can be set for any ordinary thread.

Because of the idle process's function, its CPU time measurement (visible through, for example, Windows Task Manager) may make it appear to users that the idle process is monopolizing the CPU. However, the idle process does not use up computer resources (even when stated to be running at a high percent). Its CPU time "usage" is a measure of how much CPU time is not being used by other threads.

In Windows 2000 and later the threads in the System Idle Process are also used to implement CPU power saving. The exact power saving scheme depends on the operating system version and on the hardware and firmware capabilities of the system in question. For instance, on x86 processors under Windows 2000, the idle thread will run a loop of halt instructions, which causes the CPU to turn off many internal components until an interrupt request arrives. Later versions of Windows implement more complex CPU power saving methods. On these systems the idle thread will call routines in the Hardware Abstraction Layer to reduce CPU clock speed or to implement other power-saving mechanisms.

There are more detailed sources of such information available through Windows' performance monitoring system (accessible with the perfmon program), which includes more finely grained categorization of CPU usage. A limited subset of the CPU time categorization is also accessible through the Task Manager, which can display CPU usage by CPU, and categorized by time spent in user vs. kernel code.

title: System Idle Process