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Florence Shapiro

Florence Donald Shapiro (born May 2, 1948) is an American politician from Texas. Her political career lasted over 30 years and coincided with Plano's growth from a bedroom community of 17,000 to a city of almost 300,000 residents. After moving to Plano in 1972, she served on the Plano City Council from 1979 to 1990 and served as the city's first female and Jewish elected mayor from 1990 to 1992.

As a Republican, Shapiro served in the Texas Senate from 1993 to 2013, representing District 2 from 1993 to 1995 and District from 1995 until her retirement in 2013. Her constituency was centered in Collin County in the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex, especially the city of Plano.

In the Texas Senate, Shapiro chaired the State Affairs Committee and the chamber's Education Committee from 2003 to 2013.

Early life and education
A first-generation American, Shapiro was born to German-born Martin and Ann Donald, both Holocaust survivors, in New York City on May 2, 1948. Shapiro's mother was pregnant with her on the ship passage from England to New York City.

After a decade in New York City, the family moved to Dallas, Texas in 1958, and Shapiro attended and graduated from Hillcrest High School. After high school, Shapiro matriculated to The University of Texas at Austin, and was the first in her family to attend college. At UT, she met her husband Howard. and earned a B.S. in secondary education in 1970.

Shapiro began her professional career as a public school English and speech teacher at Richardson High School in Richardson, Texas for two years. She and her husband moved from Richardson to Plano in 1972, when Plano's population was 17,500. In the 1980s, Shapiro founded and operated Shapiro & Company, an advertising, public relations and events firm for 10 years before closing the company due to scheduling demands from her responsibilities in the Texas Senate.

Local politics (1979-1992)
Shapiro quit her job as a teacher in 1972 in order to have a baby and turned to community involvement. After several years as an active volunteer in Plano, Shapiro was encouraged to run for the "woman's seat" on the Plano City Council. She won her first election in 1979 by 39 votes and was subsequently elected to serve six terms from 1979 to 1990. During her entire tenure, Shapiro was the only woman on the council. As a council member, Shapiro served as the president of the North Central Texas Council of Governments in 1984 and as President of the Texas Municipal League.

In 1990, Shapiro ran unopposed and was subsequently elected the first female and first Jewish Mayor of Plano. She served one term from 1990 to 1992.

Texas Senate (1993-2013)
At the Cotton Bowl parade in 1991, Shapiro's friend Kay Bailey Hutchison, then the Texas State Treasurer, suggested that Shapiro run for the Texas Senate. In 1992, she ran for District 2, which included Collin County and counties in East Texas. Her campaign manager was Karl Rove, who would later work as a top aide to Governor George W. Bush (who would go on to be elected President in 2000). Shapiro was the top vote-getter in the Republican primary against Don Kent and former Plano mayor Jack Harvard, then defeated Kent by 1 percentage point in a hotly-contested run-off election, during which vandals defaced her campaign signs with swastikas due to Shapiro's Jewish faith.

In the general election, Shapiro faced 13-year Democratic incumbent Ted Lyon. The race was so vitriolic that the Dallas Morning News ran an editorial titled "Voters Didn't Deserve This," calling for a lowering of temperatures. Shapiro won by 13 points. After the 1992 election, Shapiro rarely faced serious competition.

In the Texas Senate, Shapiro earned attention for authoring "Ashley's Laws" in 1995 that increased penalties for sex offenders and improved tracking of sex offenders released from prison. In 1993, 7-year-old Ashley Estell was kidnapped, from Carpenter Park in Plano, assaulted, and murdered. "Ashley's Laws" consisted on 12 bills that required, among other things, police departments to publicize the location of sex offenders after their release and require notification of schools of their presence in the area. Shapiro's work earned her the Texas Association Against Sexual Assault's "Champion for Social Change Award". and the Children's Advocacy Centers of Texas's "Legislator of the Year Award" in 2008.

Shapiro was also involved in efforts to advocate for human rights and Holocaust education. President George W. Bush appointed Shapiro to the Honorary Delegation to Jerusalem for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the State of Israel in May 2008. In 2009, Governor Rick Perry signed Senate Bill 482 co-authored by Shapiro and Rodney Ellis that established an 18-member Texas Holocaust and Genocide Commission, charged with improving Holocaust and genocide education and organizing memorial events in Texas.

Governor for a Day
In January 2005, she was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate, becoming second in the gubernatorial line of succession, behind the Lieutenant Governor of Texas. She was the first senator from Collin County to serve in that position in more than forty years. When both Governor Rick Perry and Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst were out of the state on official business on April 9, 2005, Shapiro served as the Governor for a day, the sixth woman in Texas history to do so.

Potential special election
In October 2007, Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson announced that she would potentially vacate her seat in the U.S. Senate before the end of her term in 2012 to challenge incumbent Governor of Texas Rick Perry in the Republican primary of the 2010 Texas gubernatorial election. On July 15, 2008, Shapiro announced the formation of an exploratory committee for Hutchinson's seat, chaired by her friend and former Dallas Cowboys quarterback Roger Staubach. Shapiro was the first candidate to formally announce an exploratory committee, but local media expected additional candidates to jump into the fray, such as U.S. Congressmen Pete Sessions and Kay Granger, former Texas Secretary of State Roger Williams, and Texas Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst.

After forming the committee, Shapiro began heavy fundraising and had raised more money than any other declared candidate by the end of 2008. Shapiro raised $226,000 in the fourth quarter of 2008 and ended the year with $373,556 in her campaign war chest.

Hutchison formally announced her gubernatorial campaign on August 17, 2009. However, Hutchison did not resign from her Senate seat, announcing on November 13, that she would remain in the Senate during the campaign.

2012 election
Hutchinson subsequently announced on January 13, 2011, that she would not run for re-election in 2012 and would retire after 18 years in the U.S. Senate The next day, Shapiro decided against running to replace Hutchinson in the 2012 United States Senate election in Texas, ultimately won by Texas solicitor general Ted Cruz. Shapiro, who by then had raised approximately $1 million, formally withdrew her candidacy on March 31 and announced that she would refund her donors.

Retirement
On September 19, 2011, Shapiro announced that she would not stand for reelection to the Texas Senate. Her seat was ultimately won by State Representative Ken Paxton, who would later serve as the Texas Attorney General.

Post-political career
After retiring from the Texas Senate, Shapiro worked for an education company. In 2013, Plano's city council chambers were renamed the Senator Florence Shapiro Council Chambers in her honor.

Personal life
Shapiro lives in Plano, Texas with her husband Howard. They have three children and 12 grandchildren.

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title: Florence Shapiro


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The Pagemaster

The Pagemaster is a 1994 American live-action/animated fantasy adventure film starring Macaulay Culkin, Christopher Lloyd, Whoopi Goldberg, Patrick Stewart, Leonard Nimoy, Frank Welker, Ed Begley Jr., and Mel Harris. The film was produced by Turner Pictures and Hanna-Barbera and released by 20th Century Fox on November 23, 1994. Culkin stars as a timid boy who uses statistics as an excuse to avoid anything he finds uncomfortable in life. But after reluctantly undertaking an errand for his father, he gets caught in a storm, which forces him to seek refuge in a library. He then finds himself trapped inside the library, where he must battle his way through literary classics come to life if he is to find his way home.

The film was written for the screen by David Casci, based on a six-page pitch by writer Charles Pogue entitled "Library Days", presented to Casci by producer David Kirschner. The film was directed by Joe Johnston (live-action) and Pixote Hunt and Glenn Chaika (animation), and produced by David Kirschner and Paul Gertz. The film received generally negative reviews from critics and grossed $13.7 million from a budget of $34 million. The film's poor box office performance, along with the 1997 film Cats Don't Dance (which was in production at the time The Pagemaster was released), set back other animated films for the animation studio, Turner Feature Animation.

Plot
Pessimistic 10-year-old Richard Tyler lives life based on statistics and fears everything. His exasperated parents have tried multiple ways to build up his courage, with little success. Richard is sent by his father to buy a bag of nails for building a treehouse. However, Richard gets caught in a harsh thunderstorm and takes shelter in a library. Despite Richard's protests, he meets Mr. Dewey, an eccentric librarian/custodian who insists that he needs a special book and gives him a library card. Searching for a phone, Richard finds a large rotunda painted with many famous literary characters. He slips on water dripping from his coat and falls, knocking himself out. Richard awakens to find the rotunda art melting, which washes over him and the library, turning them into illustrations.

He is met by the Pagemaster, the mythical Keeper of Books and Guardian of the Written Word. Richard asks for directions to the exit, so the Pagemaster sends him through the fiction section toward the green neon exit sign. Along the way, Richard befriends three anthropomorphic books: Adventure, a swashbuckling pirate-like book; Fantasy, a sassy but caring fairy-tale book; and Horror, a fearful "Hunchbook" with a misshapen spine. The three agree to help Richard if he checks them out using his new library card. Together, the quartet encounters classic fictional characters. They meet Dr. Jekyll who turns into Mr. Hyde, driving them to the open waters of the Land of Adventure. However, the group is separated after Moby-Dick attacks, following the whale's battle with Captain Ahab. Richard and Adventure are shipwrecked and picked up by the Hispaniola, captained by Long John Silver. The pirates go to Treasure Island, but find no treasure except for one gold coin, nearly causing a mutiny between the captain and the crew. Fantasy and Horror return and defeat the pirates. Silver attempts to convince Richard to leave with him but surrenders when Richard threatens him with a sword.

In the fantasy section, Richard sees the exit sign atop a mountain. However, Adventure's bumbling awakens a dormant dragon. Richard tries to fight the dragon with a sword and shield, but the dragon swallows him. Richard finds books in the dragon's stomach and uses a beanstalk from Jack and the Beanstalk to escape the dragon's mouth. He and the books climb the beanstalk to reach the exit. They enter a large dark room where the Pagemaster awaits them. Richard accuses the Pagemaster of causing the horrors that he suffered (some of which could have cost him his life). Still, the Pagemaster reveals the journey was intended to make Richard face his fears. Dr. Jekyll, Captain Ahab, Long John Silver, and the dragon reappear in a magical twister and congratulate him. The Pagemaster swoops Richard and the books into the twister, returning them to the real world.

Richard awakens, finding Adventure, Fantasy, and Horror lying next to him as real books. Mr. Dewey finds him, and even though the library policy only allows a person to check out 2 books at a time, he lets him check out all 3 books "just this once".

Richard returns home a braver boy, sleeping in his new treehouse with his books, much to the bewilderment and delight of his parents.

Live-action

 * Macaulay Culkin as Richard Tyler, a young 10-year-old boy who seems to have a fear of everything and runs his life based on safety statistics. Culkin is the only actor in the film to portray his character in both live-action and animation.
 * Christopher Lloyd as Mr. Dewey, the unconventional librarian and caretaker of a seemingly abandoned library.
 * Ed Begley Jr. and Mel Harris as Alan and Claire Tyler, Richard's supportive parents. Alan considers himself a bad father due to his continuous failed attempts to help Richard get over his fears.
 * Jessica Kirschner, Brandon S. McKay, Alexis Kirschner, Guy Mansker, and Stephen Sheehan as the neighborhood kids. They make fun of Richard, who ignores them.

Voice cast

 * Christopher Lloyd as the Pagemaster, the Keeper of the Books and Guardian of the Written Word. He is implied to be Mr. Dewey's alternate form.
 * Patrick Stewart as Adventure, a swashbuckling gold adventure fiction book resembling a stereotypical pirate with an eyepatch, a hook, and a peg leg.
 * Whoopi Goldberg as Fantasy, a fairy-styled lavender fairy-tale book. She can be opprobrious, aggressive, and hotheaded.
 * Frank Welker as Horror, a turquoise horror fiction book with a resemblance to Igor. Despite his name, he is quite the opposite of horrific.
 * Welker also provides the sound effects of the dragon, Moby Dick, and the other creatures.
 * Leonard Nimoy as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the mad scientist who turned into the horrific monster.
 * George Hearn as Captain Ahab, an almost psychotic whale hunter who is out to kill the white whale Moby Dick.
 * Jim Cummings as Long John Silver, the ruthless usurper Captain of the Hispaniola.
 * Phil Hartman as Tom Morgan, a slender and violent pirate on the Hispaniola.
 * Ed Gilbert as George Merry, an obese pirate on the Hispaniola.
 * B.J. Ward as the Queen of Hearts, the tyrannical ruler of Wonderland who appears in the Alice in Wonderland book in the dragon's stomach.

The Pirates of the Hispaniola are voiced by Richard Erdman, Fernando Escandon, Dorian Harewood, and Robert Picardo.

Production
The animation in the film was produced by Turner Feature Animation, headed by David Kirschner and supervising animator Bruce W. Smith and recently spun off from Hanna-Barbera. The crew included animators who were veterans of productions such as An American Tail (1986) (also produced by David Kirschner and composed by James Horner), The Land Before Time (1988). This was one of the first films to feature live-action, traditional animation, and CGI animation all together. One scene involving a computer-generated dragon made from paint was used, a challenge for the filmmakers. All of the fictional works featured in the film were created and first published before January 1, 1923, making them a part of the public domain in most countries. The theme songs in the film are "Dream Away", sung by Babyface and Lisa Stansfield, and "Whatever You Imagine", sung by Wendy Moten.

According to the film's animation crew, the film went overbudget during animation production due to mismanagement and changes to the narrative. Joe Johnston went on to express his dissatisfaction over the production, claiming that the film was re-edited without his consent. He has since crossed The Pagemaster off his résumé.

This was also the third film in which Leonard Nimoy and Frank Welker co-starred; the first two were Star Trek III: The Search for Spock and The Transformers: The Movie. The two later co-starred again, 17 years later, in Transformers: Dark of the Moon. Nimoy, along with David Kirschner, were also involved in Hanna-Barbera's 1993 feature-length animated television film adaptation of Ray Bradbury's 1972 fantasy novel, The Halloween Tree, in which Nimoy was the voice of Carapace Clavicle Moundshroud.

Legal issue
The screenwriting credits for this film were the subject of a protracted legal arbitration with the Writers Guild of America (WGA) when its producer, David Kirschner, attempted to claim sole authorship of the screenplay and original story, with no credit for its original screenwriter, David Casci. Typically, proposed credits are submitted to the WGA for approval well in advance of the release of a film or the publishing of posters or novelizations on which writing credits appear. In the case of The Pagemaster, the producers attempted to claim that, as the film was now largely animated, the WGA did not have jurisdiction to determine credits. Casci had written the screenplay under a WGA contract, as well as previous live-action versions for Disney Television dating back to 1985, also written under WGA contract. These facts positioned the WGA to get involved, testing their tenuous authority over a feature film with animated elements.

After a lengthy investigation and interviews with those intimately familiar with the genesis of the Pagemaster project, including three persons within Kirschner's own office, the WGA credit arbitration process determined that David Casci was, in fact, the primary writer, and that Kirschner did not provide a sufficient creative contribution to the writing process to warrant any screenwriting credit. Upon receiving this determination by the WGA, Fox threatened to pull out of arbitration and release the film without WGA-approved credits, positioning the WGA to be forced to file an injunction blocking the film's heavily promoted Christmas season release.

Ultimately, a settlement was reached, and Fox released the film with both Kirschner and Casci receiving story and screenplay credit, with a third writer, Ernie Contreras, also receiving screenplay credit.

At the time, this case was the most expensive and extensive investigation of its type undertaken by the WGA on behalf of one of its members.

Extended and deleted scenes
The Pagemaster is presented in an extended cut version. During the production, some original scenes were removed, both live-action and animation. The deleted scenes and characters can be still seen during the making of the film, trailers and TV spots, SkyBox International trading cards, books and other related products. They can be also seen during the sneak peek on the 1993 VHS release of Once Upon a Forest, the 1994 VHS release of Rookie of the Year, and in the promotional trailer of the VHS release of the film on the promotional demo/screener VHS copy in 1995.

Release
The film was a production by Turner Pictures. 20th Century Fox handled U.S. distribution, while Turner Pictures Worldwide handled international distribution.

The film grossed $13.7 million in North American theaters from a budget of $34 million.

Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 19% based on 21 reviews and an average rating of 4.3/10. Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade A− on scale of A to F.

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times criticized the way the film's message came across, calling it a "sad and dreary film", adding that its message seemed to be that "books can be almost as much fun as TV cartoons and video arcade games". Brian Lowry of Variety said that the film's principal appeal for adults would be its abbreviated running time, and that it did not do enough with its famous fictional characters, noting: "A more inspired moment has Richard using a book, Jack and the Beanstalk, to escape from the belly of a dragon. Unfortunately, such moments are few and far between". Rita Kempley of The Washington Post gave the film a positive review, calling it a "splendidly original children's fantasy about the world of books". James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave another positive review, calling it a "clever, often engaging, and always fast-paced motion picture" that "uses the visual medium to encourage its viewers to reach out with their imagination".

The Pagemaster earned a Razzie Award nomination for Macaulay Culkin as Worst Actor for his performance in the film (also for Getting Even with Dad and Richie Rich). He lost the award to Kevin Costner for Wyatt Earp.

Year-end lists

 * 10th – Sandi Davis, The Oklahoman

Home media
The Pagemaster was first released on VHS and LaserDisc on April 4, 1995, by Fox Video. 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD on May 28, 2002, on Region 1 and Blu-ray on August 6, 2013, on Region A.

Music
The score was written by film composer James Horner. The soundtrack also featured two songs based on Horner's themes. The songs were titled "Whatever You Imagine" by Wendy Moten which was heard during the film when all four characters finally enter into the fantasy section and "Dream Away" by Babyface and Lisa Stansfield is heard during the end credits. The soundtrack album was released only on Compact Disc and Cassette Tape format on October 30, 1994, and is also available in the iTunes Store.

Book adaptations
Contrary to any claims, the screenplay and film are not based on any book. David Casci's screenplay preceded all novelizations and illustrated books by several years.

A number of books based on the film exist, including an illustrated book attributed to David Kirschner and Ernie Contreras, illustrated by Jerry Tiritilli, which contained large passages from the Casci screenplay without giving Casci writing credit. The film was well into production by the time this book was introduced in the 1993 F. A. O. Schwarz Christmas Catalog. Other properties based on the film include a novelization of the film, children's story books, pop-up books and other film ancillaries such as toys and games.

Video game
Video game adaptations of the film were released the same year as the film. They were developed by Probe Software Ltd. and published by Fox Interactive. The PC and non-PC versions of the game are almost entirely different games; the PC game is an FMV adventure game and is developed by Mammoth Micro Productions, published by Turner Interactive and distributed by Turner Home Entertainment, and the non-PC versions are platformers.

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Charles J. Chaput

Charles Joseph Chaput OFMCap (born September 26, 1944) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He was the ninth archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, serving from 2011 until 2020. He previously served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Denver in Colorado (1997–2011) and bishop of the Diocese of Rapid City in South Dakota (1988–1997). Chaput was the first archbishop of Philadelphia in 100 years who was not named a cardinal.

Chaput is a professed Capuchin Franciscan. A member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation in Kansas, he is the second Native American bishop and the first Native American archbishop.

Early life
Charles Chaput was born on September 26, 1944, in Concordia, Kansas, one of three children of Joseph and Marian Helen (née DeMarais) Chaput. His father was a French Canadian who was descended from King Louis IX. His mother was a Native American of the Prairie Band Potawatomi tribe; his maternal grandmother was the last member of the family to live on a reservation. Chaput himself was enrolled in the tribe at a young age, taking the name Pietasa ("rustling wind"). His Potawatomi name is "the wind that rustles the leaves of the tree" while his Sioux name is "good eagle".

Chaput received his early education at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Grade School in Concordia. Deciding to become a priest at the age of 13, he attended St. Francis Seminary High School in Victoria, Kansas.

In 1965, at age 21, Chaput entered the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, a branch of the Franciscans, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1967, he graduated with a bachelor's degree in philosophy from St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania. On July 14, 1968, he made his solemn profession as a Capuchin friar. In 1970, he graduated Master of Arts in religious education from Capuchin College in Washington, DC.

Priesthood
Chaput was ordained to the priesthood for the Capuchin Order by Bishop Cyril Vogel on August 29, 1970. He received a Master of Theology degree from the University of San Francisco in 1971. From 1971 to 1974, he was an instructor in theology and spiritual director at St. Fidelis College. He then served as executive secretary and director of communications for the Capuchin province in Pittsburgh until 1977.

As a seminarian, Chaput was an active volunteer in the 1968 US presidential campaign of Senator Robert F. Kennedy. As a young priest, he supported the election of Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter as US president in 1976. Chaput was appointed pastor of Holy Cross Parish in Thornton, Colorado.

Chaput was elected vicar provincial for the Capuchin Province of Mid-America in 1977 and became secretary and treasurer for the province in 1980 and chief executive and provincial minister in 1983. He was part of a group of Native Americans who greeted Pope John Paul II when he visited Phoenix, Arizona, in 1987.

Bishop of Rapid City
On April 11, 1988, Chaput was appointed bishop of the Diocese of Rapid City by John Paul II. He was consecrated on July 26, 1988, by Archbishop Pio Laghi, with Archbishop John Roach and Archbishop James Stafford serving as co-consecrators.

Chaput was the second priest of Native American ancestry to be consecrated a bishop in the United States, after Bishop Donald Pelotte. He was the first Native American to be consecrated as an ordinary bishop rather than a titular bishop. He chose as his episcopal motto: "As Christ Loved the Church" from Ephesians 5:25.

Archbishop of Denver
On February 18, 1997, Chaput was appointed by John Paul II as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Denver, replacing Archbishop James Stafford. In 2007, Chaput delivered the commencement address at Denver's Augustine Institute. In 2008, he became the episcopal moderator of the Tekakwitha Conference.

In 2007, Chaput conducted an apostolic visitation to the Diocese of Toowoomba in Queensland, Australia, on behalf of the Congregation for Bishops. The Vatican was concerned by statements that Bishop Bill Morris had made regarding the ordination of women. In May 2011, Pope Benedict XVI removed Morris as bishop of Toowoomba after he refused to resign.

Chaput was one of five bishops who conducted a Vatican-ordered investigation into the Legionaries of Christ in 2009 to 2010. The investigation was prompted by sexual abuse accusations against the group's founder, Reverend Marcial Maciel, who had been removed from ministry in 2006

Archbishop of Philadelphia
On July 19, 2011, Chaput was appointed as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia by Pope Benedict XVI. He succeeded Cardinal Justin Rigali, who had reached retirement age of 75 in April 2010. Chaput's strong record in handling cases of sexual abuse by priests was cited as a rationale for his appointment. He was installed on September 8, 2011.

From August 17 to 19, 2011, Chaput gave catechesis at the World Youth Day 2011 in Madrid, Spain, similar to the function he performed at the 2008 World Youth Day in Sydney. On November 14, 2014, at a meeting of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), Chaput was elected as a delegate to the 2015 Synod of Bishops on the Family pending Vatican approval. Though Chaput led a historically important see and his five immediate predecessors were cardinals, Benedict XVI did not appoint him a cardinal in his two 2012 consistories, nor did Pope Francis in any of his.

Pope Francis accepted Chaput's letter of resignation as archbishop of Philadelphia on January 23, 2020.

Politics
In his book Render unto Caesar: Serving the Nation by Living Our Catholic Beliefs in Political Life, Chaput exhorts Catholics to take a "more active, vocal, and morally consistent role" in the political process, arguing that private convictions cannot be separated from public actions without diminishing both. Rather than asking citizens to put aside their religious and moral beliefs for the sake of public policy, Chaput believed that American democracy depended upon a fully engaged citizenry, including religious believers, to function properly.

Abortion
Chaput has stated that absolute loyalty to the Church's teachings on core, bioethical, and natural law doctrinal issues must be a higher priority for Catholics than their identity as Americans, their party affiliation and agenda and the laws of their country; Chaput also argues that for a Catholic, loyalty to God is more important than any other identity. He says that the martyrs and confessors gave witness to this importance.

Regarding whether Catholic politicians who support abortion rights for women should be denied communion, Chaput has written that, while denying anyone the Eucharist is a "very grave matter" that should be used only in "extraordinary cases of public scandal", those who are "living in serious sin or who deny the teachings of the Church" should voluntarily refrain from receiving communion.

The New York Times in 2004 reported that Chaput said it was sinful for Catholics to vote for Democratic US presidential nominee Senator John Kerry. He noted Kerry's views on abortion rights, among others. According to the Times, Chaput said that anyone voting for Kerry was "cooperating in evil" and needed "to go to confession". After the interview, Chaput criticized The New York Times for the way it construed his remarks. The archdiocese criticized the article as being "heavily truncated and framed" and posted a full transcript of it. He stopped responding to the paper's inquiries for six years, in part because he believed the Times had misrepresented him. Chaput was seen by some critics as "part of a group of bishops intent on throwing the weight of the Catholic Church into the elections". In public comments, his linkage of the eucharist to the policy stances of political candidates and their supporters were seen as a politicization of moral theology.

In 2009, Chaput criticized a "spirit of adulation bordering on servility" toward President Barack Obama, remarking that "in democracies, we elect public servants, not messiahs". He said that Obama tried to mask his record on abortion rights and other issues with "rosy marketing about unity, hope, and change". Chaput also dismissed the notion that Obama was given a broad mandate, saying that he was elected to "fix an economic crisis" and not to "retool American culture on the issues of marriage and the family, sexuality, bioethics, religion in public life, and abortion".

Chaput in September 2016 said that the 2016 American presidential election offered Americans the "worst choice in 50 years". In his view, both Donald Trump and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton were "deeply flawed" candidates.

Gun control
Following the 2019 mass shootings in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, Chaput wrote that he supports background checks for purchasers of firearms, but added this comment:"'Only a fool can believe that 'gun control' will solve the problem of mass violence. The people using the guns in these loathsome incidents are moral agents with twisted hearts. And the twisting is done by the culture of sexual anarchy, personal excess, political hatreds, intellectual dishonesty, and perverted freedoms that we've systematically created over the past half-century'."

LGBT rights
Chaput opposes same-sex marriage and questioned the upbringing of children of same-sex couples. He has said that same-sex couples cannot show children that their parents love each other in the same way that opposite-sex couples can.

In 2015, Chaput supported the dismissal of Margie Winters, the director of religious education at Waldron Mercy Academy in Merion Station, Pennsylvania. Winters had married her female partner in a civil marriage ceremony in 2007. When a parent reported their marriage to Waldron, Principal Nell Stetser asked Winters to resign; when she refused, the school did not renew her contract. Chaput said the school administrators had shown "character and common sense at a moment when both seem to be uncommon".

On October 4, 2018, at the Synod on Young People and Vocations in Rome Chaput objected to the use of the terms "LGBT" or "LGBTQ" in church documents. He said:"'There is no such thing as an ‘LGBTQ Catholic' or a 'transgender Catholic' or even a 'heterosexual Catholic,' as if our sexual appetites defined who we are; as if these designations described discrete communities of differing but equal integrity within the real ecclesial community, the body of Jesus Christ.'"

Sexual abuse
Chaput has denounced what he sees as a lack of orthodoxy in the church. He accused past Catholic leaders of "ignorance, cowardice and laziness in forming young people to carry the faith into the future." On March 27, 2019, in a speech to Ohio seminarians, he blamed sexual abuse in the Catholic Church on "a pattern of predatory homosexuality and a failure to weed that out from church life".

Immigration reform
Chaput advocates reform of immigration laws to regularize the status of most undocumented immigrants as a moral imperative.

title: Charles J. Chaput


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Chris Harris (Texas politician)

Chris Harris (February 19, 1948 – December 19, 2015) was an American politician and attorney who served in the Texas Senate and Texas House of Representatives.

Biography
Chris Harris was born on February 22, 1948, in Pasadena, California. He graduated from Arlington High School, in Arlington, Texas. Harris attended Texas Christian University, and received his Doctor of Jurisprudence from Baylor Law School. Harris practiced family and business law. He and his wife, Tammy, lived in Arlington, Texas. He died at a hospital in Fort Worth on December 19, 2015, at the age of 67.

Political career
Harris served in the Texas House of Representatives from 1985 to 1991 and then served in the Texas State Senate from 1991 to 2013. Harris was a Republican.

Election history
Election history of Harris from 1992.

title: Chris Harris (Texas politician)


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Nick Barnett

Nicholas Alexander Barnett (born May 27, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon State Beavers, and was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the first round of the 2003 NFL draft. He played professionally for the Packers, Buffalo Bills and Washington Redskins. Sidelined by an injury, he was unable to play with the Packers during their Super Bowl XLV win against the Pittsburgh Steelers.

Early life
Barnett was born in Barstow, California and attended Fontana A.B. Miller High School in Fontana, California.

College career
Barnett attended Oregon State University, where he was a four-year letter winner for the Oregon State Beavers football team (1999–2002), starting the last three seasons at strong side linebacker. As a senior, Barnett was a first-team All-Pacific-10 Conference selection. He led the conference in tackles with 121 (62 solo). Barnett registered his single game best against the University of California in 2001 with 18 tackles (11 solo).

He majored in Business Administration and Communications.

Green Bay Packers
The Green Bay Packers selected Barnett in the first round (29th overall) of the 2003 NFL draft. Barnett was the third linebacker drafted in 2003, behind Terrell Suggs (10th overall) and Calvin Pace (18th overall).

On July 19, 2003, the Packers signed Barnett to five-year, $6 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $3.21 million. Barnett entered training camp as the 'de facto' starting middle linebacker, replacing Hardy Nickerson. Head coach Mike Sherman named Barnett the starting middle linebacker to begin his rookie season. He started alongside outside linebackers Hannibal Navies and Na'il Diggs.

He made his professional regular season debut and first career start during the Green Bay Packers' season-opener against the Minnesota Vikings and made five combined tackles (one solo) during their 30–25 loss. On September 14, 2003, Barnett collected a season-high 14 combined tackles (12 solo), deflected one pass, and made his first career interception during a 31–6 victory against the Detroit Lions in Week 2. Barnett intercepted a pass by Lions' quarterback Joey Harrington, that was originally intended for tight end Mikhael Ricks, and returned it for a 13-yard gain during the fourth quarter. In Week 4, he made four combined tackles (three solo) and made his first career sack on Bears' quarterback Kordell Stewart for a five-yard loss during the first quarter of a 38–23 victory at the Chicago Bears. Barnett was inactive for the Packers' Week 13 loss at the Detroit Lions after sustaining an ankle injury during a 20–10 win against the San Francisco 49ers the previous week. He finished his rookie season in 2003 with 112 combined tackle (86 solo), three pass deflections, three interceptions, and two sacks in 15 games and 15 starts.

The Packers finished first in the NFC North with a 10-6 record in 2003. On January 4, 2004, Barnett started in his first career playoff game and made six combined tackles (three solo) during a 33-27 overtime victory against the Seattle Seahawks during the NFC Wildcard Game. The following week, he made five solo tackles and defended two passes as the Packers lost 20-17 at the Philadelphia Eagles during the NFC Divisional Round and were eliminated from the playoffs.

On April 10, 2007, Barnett signed a six-year contract extension worth $34.85 million.

Barnett missed the second half of the 2008 season after suffering a torn knee ligament during November 9's game against the Minnesota Vikings. Barnett suffered a season-ending wrist injury in a Week 4 matchup vs. the Detroit Lions. He was put on injured reserve on October 7, 2010. It was the second time in three seasons that Barnett ended his season on injured reserve. As of 2018 Barnett is third in all-time tackles for the Green Bay Packers. Barnett was released on July 28, after Green Bay was unable to find a trade.

Buffalo Bills
Barnett signed a three-year, $12 million deal with the Buffalo Bills on July 31, 2011. On February 11, 2013 the Bills announced that Barnett would be released from his contract along with safety George Wilson.

Washington Redskins
On July 31, 2013, Barnett agreed to a one-year deal with the Washington Redskins. He switched from the outside to inside linebacker position for the Redskins' defensive scheme. On December 24, he was placed on injured reserve after suffering a MCL sprain in the Week 16 game against the Dallas Cowboys.

Coaching career
Barnett is currently the head coach at Del Norte Highschool in San Diego, CA.

title: Nick Barnett


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Kyle Janek

Kyle Janek (born January 10, 1958) is an American physician and former Republican member of the Texas Senate, having represented District 17 from November 2002 until June 2, 2008. The district includes portions of Harris, Brazoria, Fort Bend, Galveston, and Jefferson counties. Janek was not a candidate for renomination to the state Senate in the Republican primary held on March 4.

Janek resigned the seat, and Governor Rick Perry called a special election to coincide with the regular November 4 general election to fill the two years remaining in the term. Republican Joan Huffman, a former felony court judge from Houston and Democrat Chris Bell, a former U.S. representative who was Perry's 2006 election opponent, led the field and went into a December 16 runoff. Huffman ultimately prevailed, 56-44 percent. She becomes the sixth woman serving in the state Senate.

Biography
An anesthesiologist by training, Janek has served in the Texas Legislature as a Republican since 1994. He received an M.D. from the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston in 1983 and has since practiced medicine. Janek is the son of former Galveston County Commissioner Eddie Janek Sr. He is the brother of Galveston politician Eddie Janek Jr., who has previously sought county office.

In 1992 Janek entered the Republican primary for Texas State Representative District 134 against two opponents, Mike Shelby and Tim Turner. Janek prevailed against Shelby, later a U.S. Attorney, in the runoff, but he lost the general election to Democrat Sue Schechter, even though the District was almost 60 percent Republican. In 1994, when Schechter chose not to seek re-election, Janek was elected. He served in the Texas House of Representatives until 2002, when he ran for the Texas Senate. Janek sought the seat being vacated by longtime District 17 Senator J. E. "Buster" Brown. Janek defeated attorney Gary M. Polland in the Republican primary, and then prevailed against Democratic candidate Ronnie Ellen Harrison in the general election. He was reelected again in 2006 over a Libertarian Party opponent.

Since being elected to the Senate, Janek has focused his legislative efforts on property tax reform, and the sponsorship of a state program to prevent steroid abuse among high school athletes.

On September 1, 2012, Janek began serving as the Executive Commissioner to the Texas Health and Human Services Commission.

2008 election
Janek resigned his Senate seat in June 2008. Joan Huffman won the subsequent special election to replace Janek.

title: Kyle Janek


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Donald Driver

Donald Jerome Driver (born February 2, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Alcorn State University, Driver was picked by Green Bay in the seventh round of the 1999 NFL draft. He spent his entire 14-season NFL career with the Packers and holds the franchise's all-time records for most career receptions and receiving yards. Driver was a member of the Packers team that won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Every year in Cleveland, Driver holds the Donald Driver Football Camp for local kids which is held at the Cleveland High School Football field. Upon retirement, he won season 14 of Dancing with the Stars.

Early life
Driver was born in Houston, Texas, on February 2, 1975. He was the middle child of five siblings. Driver's parents, Marvin Driver Jr. and Faye Gray, divorced when he was just a young boy. Donald had a tough childhood living out of a U-Haul truck for a period of time during his early teens, after a collection agency confiscated his family's possessions. Donald spent multiple nights in motel rooms that his mother had purchased with food stamps. Driver and his older brother Marvin III, began stealing cars and selling drugs during their teenage years in order make it from day to day. Driver was quoted by USA Today stating, "You try to do anything you can to provide for your family." At the age of 14 years, Donald would move in with his grandmother, Betty Lofton. This was the point of time where his life started to turn around.

Driver shone as an athlete early in his years at Milby High School in Houston. He lettered four times each in track, football, basketball and baseball. He was a Texas All-State honorable mention in football, where he played at the wide receiver, defensive back, and kickoff return positions.

College career
Driver attended Alcorn State University in Mississippi, where he lettered in both football and track & field. He finished his college football career at Alcorn State with 88 receptions for 1993 yards (19.69 yards per catch). He was a five-time "Athlete of the Year" in his conference for his track and football prowess.

Driver is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.

Track and field
Driver is a decorated track athlete. He is an Olympic-class high jumper, being able to jump 7 ft. He qualified for the 1996 Olympic Field Trials in the high jump.

He competed for the Alcorn State Braves track team, where he excelled in the high jump and earned all-conference honors his senior year. He leaped 2.30 meters in the high jump, 15.62 meters in the triple jump and 7.75 meters in the long jump.

Professional career
Driver was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the seventh round of the 1999 NFL draft with the 213th overall pick. He spent his entire career with the Packers.

Known as one of the most consistent wide receivers in the game, Driver was not particularly productive his first three seasons in Green Bay (1999–2001), as he was behind wide receivers Antonio Freeman and Corey Bradford on the depth chart. With the departure of Freeman and Bradford, Driver blossomed in a starting role.

Driver was solid throughout his career, often posting 1,000 receiving yards in a season. Driver had the most catches in the NFL in the middle of the field in 2006. He set a career best for yards on November 12, 2006, when he caught six passes for 191 yards, including an 82-yard touchdown against the Minnesota Vikings. Driver finished the 2006 season in the top five of the league in reception yardage with 1,295 yards. He also recorded the most receptions in his career with 92 of them, earning a spot in the 2007 Pro Bowl. On December 16, 2007, during a 33–14 victory over the St. Louis Rams, veteran Green Bay quarterback Brett Favre broke Dan Marino's all-time record mark of 61,361 career passing yards. The new record came on a seven-yard completion to Driver. Driver was selected for the 2008 Pro Bowl.

In the NFC Championship game on January 20, 2008, against the New York Giants, Driver had the longest play in the playoffs of the Packers' franchise history with a 90-yard touchdown catch from Favre.

On October 18, 2009, Driver became the Green Bay Packers' all-time leading receiver in catches, with 596. He went on to catch six more balls for 107 yards in a 26–0 home victory over the Detroit Lions. On September 8, 2011, Driver caught four balls for 41 yards in the opening game against the New Orleans Saints and was only one yard short of becoming the Packers' all-time leader in receiving yards. Driver finally broke the Packers' all-time receiving yardage record on September 18, 2011, against the Carolina Panthers after he caught a 10-yard pass from Aaron Rodgers, surpassing James Lofton.

On February 6, 2011, Driver was injured on his second reception of Super Bowl XLV. Out with an ankle sprain, Driver returned to the game in the end for the final plays as the Packers went on to beat the Pittsburgh Steelers 31–25. Driver finished Super Bowl XLV with two receptions for 28 yards. Despite losing playing time to Greg Jennings and Jordy Nelson, Driver was a veteran presence for a young Packers receiving corps led by NFL MVP QB Aaron Rodgers in the twilight of Driver’s career.

Retirement
On January 31, 2013, Driver announced his retirement on ESPN2 Mike and Mike in the Morning after spending his entire career (14 seasons) with the Green Bay Packers. He missed only four games in his career, the last one being November 18, 2012.

On February 6, 2013, the Green Bay Packers hosted a public retirement ceremony for Driver. This was the first public retirement ceremony ever held for a Packers player. It was held in the Lambeau Field Atrium with comments made by Mark Murphy, Ted Thompson, Mike McCarthy, and Driver. It was sold out in 14 minutes and hundreds of fans were in attendance. The mayor of Green Bay presented Driver with a key to the city and announced that the receiver statue that previously resided in front of the former Packers Hall of Fame and is now in downtown Green Bay would be refurbished, with the receiver wearing a No. 80 Driver jersey. The street leading to the statue was also renamed "Donald Driver Way."

On July 22, 2017, Driver was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Driver is married to Betina Driver. They have three children: Cristian, Christina, and Charity. His son Cristian is a wide receiver for Minnesota. Driver is a Christian.

Since 2004, Driver has co-hosted the statewide Packer analysis television series Inside the Huddle with Donald Driver with WLUK-TV's sports director Drew Smith. Every Thursday Donald talks football with John Mercure on Wisconsin's Afternoon News with John Mercure on AM 620 WTMJ. He previously served as host to the annual Offense vs. Defense softball game featuring members of the Green Bay Packers.

As a well-known athlete in the state of Wisconsin, Driver has been featured in marketing campaigns for companies such as McDonald's, AirTran Airways, Kwik Trip, Goodwill, Jani-King and Time Warner Cable.

Throughout his career, Driver has been very active off the field, making over 300 charitable appearances since his rookie season in 1999. In the spring of 2001, Donald and his wife Betina created the "Donald Driver Foundation", which offers assistance to ill children with unmanageable hospital bills, provides housing for the homeless, and donates to a variety of local charities. In December 2003, the foundation put two previously homeless families in new, fully furnished homes.

Donald has also donated much of his time and efforts to such institutions as Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and Goodwill Industries. In 2001, Driver was awarded the "Community Service Award" by the Green Bay Chamber of Commerce in recognition of his outstanding community involvement. In 2005, he was awarded the Ed Block Courage award by his Green Bay teammates. Most recently, Driver was named the 2013 AMVETS Humanitarian of the Year.

Driver is also the author of three children's books, Quickie Handles a Loss, Quickie Makes the Team, and Quickie Goes to the Big Game. The books are based on Driver's bedtime storytelling to his three children, and are sold statewide in Wisconsin through bookstores, participating Goodwill locations, the Packer Pro Shop and on his website. He has stated that "Quickie" is a nickname his mother gave him because, when she would chase him around the house, she could never catch him. In the Fall of 2013, Driver released his official memoir, Driven, which included many personal stories about both his childhood and career with the Packers that he had never shared before and it made the New York Best Seller list. Two weeks after the book's release, it made the New York Times Bestsellers list. In the Summer of 2017, Driver released a health and fitness book, The 3D Body Revolution: The Ultimate Workout + Nutrition Blueprint to Get Healthy and Lean, which featured 25 recipes and 36 exercises illustrated with clear step-by-step photos. Following its release, The 3D Body Revolution was featured as a #1 new release in Amazon's exercise injuries and rehabilitation category.

On February 28, 2012, it was announced that Driver would join the cast of Dancing with the Stars for season 14, paired with professional dance partner Peta Murgatroyd. Driver's high energy and athleticism were repeatedly praised by the judges, though Driver was also notorious for not getting a perfect score, until their freestyle, from the judges. Driver and Murgatroyd made it all the way to the finale, and despite competitions from fellow finalists William Levy's high fanbase and Katherine Jenkins' consistently high scores, Driver and Murgatroyd were declared winners on the season finale on May 22, 2012.

On June 15, 2013, Driver received a street in his name and a statue dedicated in his honor. The statue is located on the corner of Dousman Street and Donald Driver Way (formerly Pearl Street) in downtown Green Bay.

In March 2014, Donald Driver created the Donald Driver Driven To Achieve Awards. Since then, the Driven to Achieve Awards have honored 18 outstanding recipients and have given away over $1 million.

Driver currently splits his time between his home state of Texas and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, purchasing a $3 million Milwaukee loft in 2022 from fellow Wisconsin athlete Jabari Parker. He operates a nonprofit called the Donald Driver Foundation in both Wisconsin and Texas and serves as the current cultural ambassador for Milwaukee's Marcus Center for the Performing Arts, in addition to business ventures.

title: Donald Driver


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User:Jdcoffman

With a solid background and support from the Missouri School of Journalism I hope to continue to succeed in my career. As a new-media evangelist I get the opportunity to follow, test, and research new and exciting web sites and utilities every day. These applications often have a lot of potential for the field of journalism and I strive to provide insight and advice on the best and most efficient means of harnessing the power of these new-media tools.

Not every new site or electronic device has as much potential but I can screen through the duds finding only the best for your news organization.

My interest in journalism was originally fostered in high school and eventually led me to the University of Missouri and their world-renowned school of journalism. As a graduate from their Convergence Journalism program I was educated in the not only the principals and foundations of journalism, but also the exciting possibilities for the future.

My background and primary interest is in television news although I also have worked in newspaper, radio, and web-only environments. This diverse range of experience has allowed me to continually be on the lookout for new and exciting opportunities.

-Jonathan Coffman You can visit my web site at:

title: User:Jdcoffman


text:
User talk:Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi

'''Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi

Sir Alexander Fleming
Sir Alexander Fleming was born in Lochfeild near Darvel in Ayrshire, Scotland, on august 6th 1881. He went to school at Louden Moor, Darvel, and Kilmarnock Academy, before moving to London where he attended the Polytechnic. After four years he entered St. Mary’s Medical School of London University. He qualified with distinction and in 1906 became a researcher under Sir Almroth Wright.

He gained M.B, B.S with Gold Medal in 1908. Until 1914 he was a lecturer at St. Mary’s. During World War 1 he served a captain in the Amy Medical Corps. In 1918 he returned to St. Mary’s where in 1928 he was elected Professor of the school. He was elected fellow of the Royal Society in 1943, knighted in 1944, and he was elected Emeritus Professor of St. Mary’s in 1948.

Early on in his medical career Alexander Flemi8ng became interested in the natural bacterial action of the blood and antiseptics. He continued his studies through his military career and when he was demobilized he settled to work on antibacterial substances which would not be toxic to animal tissues. In 1921 he discovered “tissues and secretions” a bacterial substance which he named Lysozyme. Around this time he also devised sensitivity titration and assays in human blood and other body fluids. He often used this for titration of penicillin.

In 1928 while he was working on the influenza virus he discovered that mould had accidentally developed on a Staphylococcus culture plate, the mould had created a bacteria free circle around itself. Further investigation showed that a mould culture prevented growth of staphylococci, even if diluted 800 times. He named this penicillin.

He wrote many papers on bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy. He married Sarah Marion McElroy from Killala, Ireland in 1915. She died in 1949. They had a son who grew up to be a general medical practitioner (g.p). He married again in 1953, to Dr. Amalia Koutsouri- Voureka, who was a Greek colleague at St. Mary’s. Sir Alexander Fleming died on March 11th 1935, and as buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral.

'''Awards of Alexander Flemming: Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons 1909 Fellow of Royal college of Physicians 1944 Hunterian Professor 1919 Arris and Gale Lecturer 1929 Honorary Gold Medal 1946 Williams Julius Mickle Fellowship 1942 Charles Mickle Fellowship 1944 John Scott Medal 1944 Cameron Prize 1945 Moxon Medal 1945 Cutter Lecturer 1945 Albert Gold Medal 1946 Royal Society of Medicine Gold Medal 1947 Medal of Merit 1947 Grand Cross of Alphonse X the Wise 1948

Sir Alexander Fleming was born at Lochfield near Darvel in Ayrshire, Scotland on August 6th, 1881. He attended Louden Moor School, Darvel School, and Kilmarnock Academy before moving to London where he attended the Polytechnic. He spent four years in a shipping office before entering St. Mary's Medical School, London University. He qualified with distinction in 1906 and began research at St. Mary's under Sir Almroth Wright, a pioneer in vaccine therapy. He gained M.B., B.S., (London), with Gold Medal in 1908, and became a lecturer at St. Mary's until 1914. He served throughout World War I as a captain in the Army Medical Corps, being mentioned in dispatches, and in 1918 he returned to St.Mary's. He was elected Professor of the School in 1928 and Emeritus Professor of Bacteriology, University of London in 1948. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1943 and knighted in 1944. Early in his medical life, Fleming became interested in the natural bacterial action of the blood and in antiseptics. He was able to continue his studies throughout his military career and on demobilization he settled to work on antibacterial substances which would not be toxic to animal tissues. In 1921, he discovered in «tissues and secretions» an important bacteriolytic substance which he named Lysozyme. About this time, he devised sensitivity titration methods and assays in human blood and other body fluids, which he subsequently used for the titration of penicillin. In 1928, while working on influenza virus, he observed that mould had developed accidently on a staphylococcus culture plate and that the mould had created a bacteria-free circle around itself. He was inspired to further experiment and he found that a mould culture prevented growth of staphylococci, even when diluted 800 times. He named the active substance penicillin. Sir Alexander wrote numerous papers on bacteriology, immunology and chemotherapy, including original descriptions of lysozyme and penicillin. They have been published in medical and scientific journals. Fleming, a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (England), 1909, and a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (London), 1944, has gained many awards. They include Hunterian Professor (1919), Arris and Gale Lecturer (1929) and Honorary Gold Medal (1946) of the Royal College of Surgeons; Williams Julius Mickle Fellowship, University of London (1942); Charles Mickle Fellowship, University of Toronto (1944); John Scott Medal, City Guild of Philadelphia (1944); Cameron Prize, University of Edinburgh (1945); Moxon Medal, Royal College of Physicians (1945); Cutter Lecturer, Harvard University (1945); Albert Gold Medal, Royal Society of Arts (1946); Gold Medal, Royal Society of Medicine (1947); Medal for Merit, U.S.A. (1947); and the Grand Cross of Alphonse X the Wise, Spain (1948). He served as President of the Society for General Microbiology, he was a Member of the Pontifical Academy of Science and Honorary Member of almost all the medical and scientific societies of the world. He was Rector of Edinburgh University during 1951-1954, Freeman of many boroughs and cities and Honorary Chief Doy-gei-tau of the Kiowa tribe. He was also awarded doctorate, honoris causa, degrees of almost thirty European and American Universities. In 1915, Fleming married Sarah Marion McElroy of Killala, Ireland, who died in 1949. Their son is a general medical practitioner. Fleming married again in 1953, his bride was Dr. Amalia Koutsouri-Voureka, a Greek colleague at St. Mary's. In his younger days he was a keen member of the Territorial Army and he served from 1900 to 1914 as a private in the London Scottish Regiment. Dr Fleming died on March 11th in 1955 and is buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. Scottish bacteriologist whose discovery of penicillin (1928) prepared the way for the highly effective practice of antibiotic therapy for infectious

MOUNT FUJI
Mount fuji is one of Japans National Reserves, It is beautiful and the perfect place for relaxing among the birds, bees and deer! Or you could take a long walk along the river banks, or if you feel daring take a hike up Mount fuji, there is something fr everyone at the National reserve of Mount Fuji, wher the air is fresh and birds sing clear... “ Beautiful and calm, I could finally relax ” Mount Fuji, where life is ever peaceful...

Welcome!
Hi Abigail, and welcome to Wikipedia! I'm curious about the artwork you've uploaded. For example, is Image:Shadow women red by Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi.jpg a watercolor that you painted, then photographed? dbenbenn | talk 07:07, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Image:French Coat-by Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi.jpg
The image you uploaded Image:French Coat-by Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi.jpg has been listed for deletion on WP:IFD. RedWolf 17:03, Mar 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * All of your uploaded images have now been listed for deletion. dbenbenn | talk 16:07, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Abigail O'Sullivan-Sehmi


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Colombo (crater)

Colombo is a lunar impact crater that lies on the strip of rough continental terrain between Mare Fecunditatis to the east and Mare Nectaris in the west. It is located to the south of the crater Goclenius, and northwest of Cook, and is named for the late 15th and early 16th century Italian explorer Christopher Columbus.

The rim of Colombo is circular, although slightly indented along the northwest where Colombo A intrudes slightly into the interior. The inner wall is asymmetrical, being much more narrow to the north and northwest and wider to the southeast. The rim is somewhat eroded, and several tiny craterlets lie along the inner wall to the southeast. The small satellite concentric crater Colombo B lies across the south-southwestern rim.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Colombo.

title: Colombo (crater)


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Mike Flanagan (American football)

Michael Christopher Flanagan (born November 10, 1973) is an American former professional football player who was a center for 12 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the UCLA Bruins and was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 1996 NFL draft with the 90th overall pick. Flanagan played from 1998 to 2005 with the Packers and then with the Houston Texans from 2006 to 2007.

Early life and college
Flanagan was born in Washington, D.C., and graduated from Rio Americano High School in Sacramento, California, in 1991. He is of Irish descent. At UCLA, Flanagan redshirted in 1991, played one game in 1992, and started 32 consecutive games from 1993 to 1995. He was a first-team All-Pac-10 selection in his junior and senior seasons and third-team All-America recognition as a senior. Flanagan became a starter in 1993 after Jonathan Ogden, a future NFL player, was injured. In 2002, he graduated from UCLA with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history. For three years, Flanagan earned a spot on the UCLA athletic director's academic honor roll.

Green Bay Packers
In the 1996 NFL draft, the Green Bay Packers selected Flanagan in the third round as the 90th overall pick. Flanagan sat out the 1996 and 1997 seasons due to an injury sustained during the 1996 preseason.

Although the Green Bay Packers traded Flanagan to the Carolina Panthers in August 1998, the trade was nullified because Flanagan did not pass a physical. With the Packers, Flanagan made his professional regular season debut on December 13, 1998, a victory over the Chicago Bears. Flanagan became the starting center in 2001. Flanagan was named to the Pro Bowl for the first time in 2003, the first Packers center to be named since 1996. Flanagan sat out the season after October 2004 due to knee surgery.

Houston Texans
On March 24, 2006, Flanagan signed with the Houston Texans. He was released by the Texans on February 20, 2008.

title: Mike Flanagan (American football)


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Jane Nelson

Jane Gray Nelson (born October 5, 1951) is an American businesswoman and former educator who serves as the Secretary of State of Texas since 2023. She was a Texas state senator who represented Texas Senate District 12. She was elected to the Senate in 1992 after serving two two-year terms (1988–1992) on the Texas State Board of Education. In 2023, Governor Greg Abbott appointed Nelson to succeed John B. Scott as Secretary of State. She was sworn in to that office on Saturday, January 7.

Texas Senate
Nelson was the highest-ranking Republican woman in the Texas Senate. The tenth woman ever elected to the Texas Senate, she was the first Republican woman ever appointed chair of a standing committee and held the distinction of being longest-serving chair of the Senate Health and Human Services Committee in Texas history. In 2015, she was appointed chair of the Senate Finance Committee, being the first woman to hold the position in the history of the Texas Senate. She also served as chair of the Sunset Advisory Commission.

During the 2013 legislative session, Nelson authored 40 bills that were passed into law by the Legislature, and she served as the Senate sponsor on 30 successful bills authored by House members. She served on 19 conference committees, including for SB 1, the appropriations bill. Nelson chaired the Article II workgroup, which increased the women's health budget by $100 million and made significant new investments in mental health and Child Protective Services.

In October 2019, the Texas Parent Teacher Association named Nelson a Texas PTA Champion for Children for her leadership during the 86th Legislative Session.

In July 2021, Nelson announced she would not seek an 11th term to the Texas Senate.

Senate Health and Human Services Committee
In July 2013, Nelson presided over a 16-hour hearing on an abortion bill that drew testimony from over 3,800 people, including 357 who provided oral testimony. The bill, HB 3, sought to ban abortions after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The bill also required abortion facilities to upgrade to ambulatory surgical standards.

Senate Finance Committee
In 2014 Senator Nelson was appointed chair of the Senate Finance Committee, the first woman of either party to hold that position. In that capacity she authored four state budgets. Her chairmanship ended in January 2022. In June 2022, the Senate Finance committee dedicated its conference room to Senator Nelson in her honor.

title: Jane Nelson


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Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila

Muhammed-Kabeer Olarewaju Gbaja-Biamila Sr. (born September 24, 1977), nicknamed "KGB", is an American former professional football player who spent his entire nine-year career as a defensive end for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs. He was selected by Green Bay in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL draft. He was a Pro Bowl selection in 2003.

Early years
Gbaja-Biamila attended Crenshaw High School in Los Angeles, California and was a three-year letterman in football and in track and field.

While attending Crenshaw High School, Gbaja-Biamila was a student-owner of Food from the 'Hood, an organic food company that sprang from the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Food From the Hood eventually went on to launch a line of salad dressings that appeared in major Southern California grocery chains as well as on Amazon.com. For their work, Food From the Hood received the "American Achievement Award" from Newsweek, which featured both Gbaja-Biamila and other founders on its cover. On November 1, 1994 Prince Charles paid a visit to Crenshaw High School, upon an invitation from Food From the Hood.

College career
Gbaja-Biamila attended San Diego State University where he was a three-year starter. He finished his career with the Aztecs with a school record 33 sacks, a mark previously held by former Packer Mike Douglass at 26 sacks. He was named a first-team all-conference selection in each of his last three seasons. He graduated with a degree in business administration.

Professional career
In 2000, he attended the NFL Combine as an outside linebacker. He was measured at 6'3 and 5/8 while weighing in at 243 pounds. He ran a 4.65 40 yard dash but fell in part because he was a tweener (teams weren't sure whether he had the bulk to be a DE or the ability to stick as an OLB) and some concerns over the competition he played against in college.

Gbaja-Biamila was chosen by the Packers in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL draft with the 149th overall selection. As a rookie, he appeared in seven games and recorded 1.5 sacks and nine total tackles.

Gbaja-Biamila broke out in the 2001 season. He recorded three sacks and a forced fumble in Week 1 against the Detroit Lions in a 28–6 victory. In Week 4, against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, he had another three-sack game to go with a forced fumble in the 14–10 loss. He was named NFC Defensive Player of the Month for December 2001. He finished the 2001 season with 13.5 sacks, 24 total tackles, and three forced fumbles.

In Week 5, against the Chicago Bears, Gbaja-Biamila recorded a 72-yard interception return for a touchdown in the 34–21 victory. He had a three-sack game in Week 9 against the Miami Dolphins. He finished the 2002 season with 12 sacks, 47 total tackles, six passes defensed, and four forced fumbles in 15 games and 11 starts.

In 2003, Gbaja-Biamila became the first player in Packers history to record ten or more sacks in three consecutive seasons. He finished the 2003 season with ten sacks, 47 total tackles, and three forced fumbles in 16 starts. He was selected to the Pro Bowl that year.

Gbaja-Biamila recorded four sacks in a Week 17 victory over the Chicago Bears in the 2004 season. He was named NFC Defensive Player of the Week for his game against Chicago. In 2004, Gbaja-Biamila again recorded double-digit sacks, taking down opposing quarterbacks 13.5 times.

In the 2005 season, Gbaja-Bilamila started all 16 games and recorded eight sacks, 53 total tackles, and two forced fumbles.

During the 2006 season, Gbaja-Biamila appeared in all 16 games and started three. He recorded six sacks, 40 total tackles, and two forced fumbles.

In October 2007, Gbaja-Biamila broke the Green Bay Packers sack record with 69 sacks, which was previously held by Hall of Famer Reggie White with $68 1/2$ sacks. Originally, Gbaja-Biamila was not credited with a third sack against Vikings quarterback Kelly Holcomb during the Packers vs. Vikings game on September 30. Later on in the week, the Elias Sports Bureau reviewed game footage and credited Gbaja-Biamila with a third sack on Kelly Holcomb, who was originally ruled as rushing for zero yards. He finished the 2007 season with 9.5 sacks, 26 total tackles, one pass defended, and two forced fumbles in 15 games and two starts.

Gbaja-Biamila played in seven games (one start) for the Packers in 2008, recording nine tackles, half a sack and a pass defensed. He was released on November 1 after the team activated defensive tackle Justin Harrell from the Physically Unable to Perform (PUP) list.

He was a 2013 inductee, along with Packer kicker Chris Jacke, into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame.

Family and personal life
Gbaja-Biamila is the fifth child of his mother Bolatito Gbaja-Biamila (née: Anjorin) and the second child of his father Mustapha Gbaja-Biamila. He is the older brother of former NFL linebacker Akbar Gbaja-Biamila.

His middle name "Ọláńrewájú" means "Wealth is moving forward" in the Yoruba language, while his surname “Gbàjàbíàmílà” translates to "One who, while fighting, pretends to be separating a fight."

Both of his parents were Muslim, until his mother converted to Christianity. While he was raised in a Sunni Muslim household, during his rookie season with the Green Bay Packers he converted to Christianity.

He was the coordinator at the local Celebration Church Bayside for Crown Financial Ministries, which teaches people how to manage money using Biblical principles. He was involved in the first faith-based event at Lambeau Field called Lambeau Leap of Faith in July 2007, where thousands of Christians gathered.

He formerly served on the board of directors at Freedom House Ministries, a shelter for homeless families in Green Bay. Each year, Freedom House helps over 100 families including over 250 children overcome homelessness and move into stable permanent housing and employment. In 2007, he started Kabeer's Freedom House Sack Fund. He pledged, along with his teammates and members of the Green Bay community, $10,000 per sack registered in 2007 to go to his fund.

On April 3, 2016, Gbaja-Biamila appeared alongside 2016 Republican presidential candidates Ted Cruz and Scott Walker at a rally in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

On December 17, 2019, Gbaja-Biamila was involved in an incident in which he was nearly arrested. His two friends were arrested during an incident at Assembly of God Church in Green Bay on Dec 17 during a Christmas pageant put on by the private Providence Academy. Jordan Salmi and Ryan Desmith attended the pageant and triggered a trespassing complaint since they do not have children at the school. When they were arrested, they reportedly had concealed weapons on them without permits.

The Green Bay Press-Gazette quoted Gbaja-Biamila saying “They got my sons — my property — doing pagan worship, and I told them I forbid it, and they dishonor me and say it’s OK for my sons to dishonor their father.” He added, “They used the sons, the children, to oppress the man, and the woman rules over them, so that the man walks in error.”

title: Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila


text:
Atole

Atole (, believed to come from Nahuatl ātōlli or from Mayan), also known as atolli, atol and atol de elote, is a traditional hot masa-based beverage of Mexican origin. Atole can have different flavors added such as vanilla, cinnamon, and guava. Chocolate atole is known as champurrado or simply atole. It typically accompanies tamales and is very popular during Day of the Dead (observed November 2) and Las Posadas (Christmas holiday season).

Mayan origin
Many Classic Maya painted vessels feature a genre of inscriptions known as the “dedicatory formula” or the “primary standard sequence” (PSS) and the two main ingredients mentioned in the contents section of the PSS were cacao and atole.

In Mexico
In Mexico, the drink typically includes masa (corn hominy flour), water, piloncillo (unrefined cane sugar), cinnamon, vanilla, and optional chocolate or fruit. The mixture is blended and heated before serving. Atole is made by toasting masa on a comal (griddle), then adding water that was boiled with cinnamon sticks.

In Central America
In Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, atol de elote (maize atol), or simply atole, is a popular beverage. Pineapple atol (atol de piña) is also consumed in El Salvador. Salvadoran varieties include atol shuco ("dirty" atol, a reference to its darker color), particularly popular in the Cabañas region.

Guatemala
In Guatemala, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development provided funding to INCAP to carry out a community randomized trial to test the hypothesis that improved protein intakes lead to better child development test scores. They were given a high-protein atole-like beverage made from INCAPARINA (a vegetable protein mixture developed by INCAP which mainly contains corn), dry skim milk, sugar, and a flavoring agent.

In New Mexico
In many parts of Mexico and in the United States in communities with Indigenous, Hispanic and Mexican cultural roots, atole is a traditional comfort food. It is often eaten as a breakfast or an after dinner snack on cold days. In New Mexico, blue corn atole is finely ground cornmeal toasted for cooking, consumed as a grainy porridge-style drink served warm, usually sweetened with sugar and/or thinned with milk. It is usually served at breakfast like cream of wheat or oatmeal. Elders are said to have drunk atole because it gave them energy and if a mother is nursing it gives her more milk. In New Mexico the Puebloan peoples sometimes call it chaquehue or chaquewa. The Ancestral Puebloans began to cultivate corn around 2000 BCE, and advanced irrigation ditches in 205 CE. Later during the time of Spanish colonialization, blue corn was irrigated by Moorish-influenced acequia systems. The Hopi plant blue corn seeds in bundles of several seeds to one hole, sometimes quite deep to reach ground water. Atole porridge is called mush by the Diné, and includes the addition of juniper ash. It is called wataca by the Hopi. Atole flour is used to create Hopi piki bread.

Cultural references
The beverage is referenced in the Spanish idiom dar atole con el dedo ("to give atole with the thumb"), which means to placate with deception. It may originate from the idea of wet nurses using atole on their thumbs to placate infants; alternatively, it may refer to the practice of distributing tamales and atole during periods of drought in pre-Columbian Mexico.

title: Atole


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Kim Brimer

Kenneth Kimberlin Brimer Jr., known as Kim Brimer (born 5 March 1945), is a Republican former member of the Texas State Senate from Fort Worth, Texas. He represented District 10. He was the only GOP member of the 31-member chamber to have been defeated in the general election held on November 4, 2008, when he lost to Democrat Wendy R. Davis of Fort Worth, her party's 2014 nominee for governor against Republican Greg Abbott.

Brimer also served for seven terms in the Texas House of Representatives from 1989 to 2003. In the 2000 primary, he defeated a challenge from Bill Zedler, a medical consultant from Fort Worth. Brimer polled 5,472 votes (55 percent) to Bill Zedler's 4,461 (45 percent). In 2002, Zedler won the House seat that Brimer vacated to move on to the state Senate.

Brimer was born in Houston to Kenneth Brimer Sr., and the former Louie Francis Hughes and earned a B.S. degree in Business Administration from Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches, Texas.

In July 2005, Texas Monthly magazine, in its article "The Best and Worst Legislators of 2005," awarded Brimer an "Honorable Mention" for his resolution of the Senate deadlock over taxes.

Brimer is a cousin of actor Trey Wilson.

title: Kim Brimer


text:
William Henderson (American football)

William Terrelle Henderson (born February 19, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a fullback for 12 seasons with the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL), with whom he won Super Bowl XXXI against the New England Patriots. He played college football for the North Carolina Tar Heels, and was chosen by the Packers in the third round of the 1995 NFL draft.

High school and college career
Henderson attended Thomas Dale High School in Chester, Virginia. He played varsity football as a freshman, sophomore, and junior, but sat out his senior year due to a knee injury.

At the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Henderson finished his career with 145 carries for 750 yards (5.17 yards per carry avg.) and 14 receptions for 97 yards (6.93 yards per rec. avg.).

NFL
Henderson was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in 1995, and played every season in his career with the Packers. He came into the league as number 30, but after cornerback Doug Evans left, changed his number to 33.

Henderson was durable and effective for the Packers, solidifying the team at fullback after moving into the starting role in 1996. Nine times in his first 11 seasons he played in all 16 games. He was selected to 2004 Pro Bowl. His consistent play, especially in his later years, had many Packer players and fans calling him "Old Reliable."

Henderson played in 188 games for the Green Bay Packers putting him in 5th place for "Most Games Played" in the team's history. Only Brett Favre (255) Donald Driver (205), Bart Starr (196) and Ray Nitschke (190) played in more games for the Packers. He also blocked for six of the top nine individual rushing efforts in team annals — Dorsey Levens' 1,435 yards in 1997 (third), Ahman Green's 1,883 in 2003 (first), 1,387 in 2001 (fourth), 1,240 in 2002 (sixth), 1,175 in 2000 (seventh) and 1,163 in 2004 (ninth). Henderson would be the lead blocker for a 1,000-yard running back for 9 of his 12 NFL seasons, for three different running backs: Edgar Bennett, Dorsey Levens, and Ahman Green.

Henderson was also valuable as pass catcher out of the backfield. As of 2008, he stands tenth all-time on the Packers' career receptions list with 320 (for 2,409 yards), and first among running backs. He also has 123 career rushing attempts for 426 yards. On March 7, 2007, the Packers released Henderson amidst rumors that the Packers were trying to sign fullback Justin Griffith. GM Ted Thompson released the following statement. "We are releasing William at this point so he can pursue other opportunities within the National Football League," GM Ted Thompson said. "The Packers organization is extremely appreciative of his efforts over the past 12 seasons. His leadership and work ethic set an excellent example for everyone in our locker room. It is difficult to part with a high-character individual like William. He has been an influential person on several outstanding Packers teams over his career. He always will be considered a Packer." He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 2011.

NFL statistics
Rushing Stats

Receiving Stats

Returning Stats

Broadcasting
Henderson has eight years (1999–2006) of broadcasting experience as co-host of Monday Night Kickoff, a show produced by Green Bay TV station WBAY. He also worked as an analyst as part of ESPN's NFL draft coverage April 2006.

Henderson resides in Richmond, Virginia. He was selected as Green Bay's 2001 'Unsung Hero,' in recognition of his efforts both on the field and in the community.

title: William Henderson (American football)


text:
Talk:Books of Kings

“2 Kings”, 2Kings”, “Kings II”, “II Kings”
Please could there be learned comment on the name of the second book: “2 Kings”, 2Kings”, “Kings II”, “II Kings”? JDAWiseman (talk) 10:56, 19 February 2016 (UTC)

Two Books in Hebrew Bible
Printed editions of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) also have I Kings and II Kings. I just have to open my Hebrew bible and there they are. — Preceding unsigned comment added by JHDanan (talk • contribs) 22:07, 15 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes, printed editions do have both names there, and yet in the Hebrew Bible they are considered one book. The designations "1 Kings" and "2 Kings" are used in Hebrew Bibles for the sake of keeping the chapter numeration in the traditional (originally Christian) order, but do not constitute a judgment that Kings is two books. 2603:6010:F403:85DA:D999:B5D5:F971:B72 (talk)

Long plot
Recently, @Mozartnut introduced plot summaries that were dozens of paragraphs long (I believe the bytes added were 30k or so) and this is unwieldy for any work, let alone a complex set of Bible books. The plot needs to be summarized, condensed, high-level view for this article, lest we rewrite the book in so many words. I've reverted and I've tagged the section as too long already. The other one is tagged for expansion; fair enough, but don't go hog-wild. Elizium23 (talk) 20:32, 27 November 2022 (UTC)
 * The sections are long and unhelpful. It creates occasion for the dispute we currently have over what needs citations. I was just coming here to ask you to be more specific as to what you wanted the citations for. I'm also unhappy by the inaccuracies like changing "judge" to "wisdom" in 1K3:9. The text of the Books warrant more careful studies and citations would be better for all the content. But this might resolve both issues - All of the Bible book articles I've seen have sections for outlines without long plot synopsis like Acts_of_the_Apostles. Couldn't we do something similar here? Eunomiäs (talk) 22:57, 4 December 2022 (UTC)
 * The non-English terms in non-Latin alphabets require citations to reliable secondary sources that reflect their definition, usage, orthography, etc. Elizium23 (talk) 23:07, 4 December 2022 (UTC)

Location
Where was it written? Σαιντ Γεώργιος (talk) 16:47, 28 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Books of Kings


text:
User:Aliceinlampyland

Hello there.

title: User:Aliceinlampyland


text:
British Household Panel Survey

The British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), carried out at the Institute for Social and Economic Research of the University of Essex, is a survey for social and economic research. A sample of British households was drawn and first interviewed in 1991. The members of these original households have since been followed and annually interviewed. The resulting data base is very popular among social scientists for quantitative analyses of social and economic change. One of the most important precursors of the BHPS is the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), established in the 1960s at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (US). The initial BHPS sample consisted of 10,300 individuals across Great Britain. Additional samples were recruited in Scotland and Wales in 1999 and the study was extended to Northern Ireland in 2001.

As a panel survey it is a form of longitudinal study. The BHPS was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council from its inception in 1989 until 2008. Since 2008, the BHPS has been integrated into Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study, still run from ISER.

BHPS data are integrated into the European Community Household Panel and the Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF) which contains panel data from Australia, Canada, Germany, Great Britain and the United States.

title: British Household Panel Survey


text:
Theudas (teacher of Valentinus)

Theudas was allegedly the name of a Christian Gnostic thinker, who was a follower of Paul the Apostle. He went on to teach the Gnostic Valentinus. The only evidence of this connection is the testimony of Valentinius' followers and Clement of Alexandria.

It has been proposed that he was the Theudas mentioned in the Bible, but it is unlikely, as the latter would have been dead before Valentinus's birth.

title: Theudas (teacher of Valentinus)


text:
Grady Jackson

Grady O'Neal Jackson (born January 21, 1973) is a former American football defensive tackle. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the sixth round of the 1997 NFL Draft. He played college football at Knoxville College.

Jackson also played for the New Orleans Saints, Green Bay Packers, Jacksonville Jaguars, Atlanta Falcons, Detroit Lions and Florida Tuskers.

College career
Grady Jackson played defensive tackle at Knoxville College, after transferring from Hinds Community College. While at Hinds, he was a two-time Junior College All-American and the National Junior College Player of the Year following the 1995-1996 seasons.

Green Bay Packers
Jackson was represented by agent Drew Rosenhaus. Before the 2005 NFL season, Jackson said he would hold-out of training camp in order to secure a new contract with the Packers. However, he reported for training camp on the first day. Several days later, however, Jackson told reporters that he no longer felt wanted in the Packers organization and requested to be released or traded to another team, but later retracted those statements, and played out the 2005 season without a new contract.

First stint with Falcons
In 2006, as a member of the Atlanta Falcons, Jackson led the league in tackles for a loss. On October 23, 2007, the Atlanta Falcons released Jackson.

Jacksonville Jaguars
On October 30, 2007 the Jacksonville Jaguars signed Jackson to a one-year contract.

Second stint with Falcons
Jackson was re-signed by the Falcons on July 28, 2008. On December 2, 2008, the NFL reported that he had failed a drug test and they would further investigate the circumstances before deciding upon disciplinary action.

Detroit Lions
On March 4, 2009, Jackson was signed by the Detroit Lions.

Jackson was released on March 5, 2010.

title: Grady Jackson


text:
Riemann (crater)

Riemann (pronounced REE mahn) is a lunar impact crater that is located near the northeastern limb of the Moon, and can just be observed edge-on when libration effects bring it into sight. It lies to the east-northeast of the large walled plain Gauss. To the southeast, beyond sight on the far side, is the crater Vestine.

This is a heavily battered and eroded formation that is only a remnant of its former self. The outer rim has been worn away in many places, and now forms an irregular series of ridges in a rough circle. The rim is overlain along the south-southwestern rim by Beals, and several smaller craters lie along the western and southeast rim. The most intact portion of the outer wall is along the eastern edge.

The interior floor is a mixture of level terrain mixed with rough ground where impacts have stirred up the surface. It is generally less rough in the eastern half, especially near the center. A small, bowl-shaped crater lies on the floor in the southeastern part of the interior, and the faint remnants of several other lesser craters can be observed in the surface.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Riemann.

The following craters have been renamed by the IAU.
 * Riemann A — See Beals (crater).

title: Riemann (crater)


text:
Linh Quang Viên

Linh Quang Viên (November 11, 1918 - January 17, 2013) was a Vietnamese soldier who rose to the rank of Lieutenant General in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.

Vien was born in Cao Bang, northern Vietnam. He attended Albert Sarraut High School in Hanoi, and graduated in 1939.

In 1958, he graduated from the Command and General Staff College, [Fort Leavenworth], Kansas. He served in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and rose to the rank of Lieutenant General, Chief of Staff Inter-armed Forces (Tham Muu truong Lien Quan). He participated in many military cabinets between 1965 and 1974 during the various military junta's leadership after the deposal of President Ngo Dinh Diem. Was Political Commissar in the Armed Forces Council (Uy Vien Chinh Tri Hoi Dong Quan Luc), Head of the Central Intelligence Directorate (Phu Dac Uy Trung Uong Tinh Bao), Minister of Information (Tong Truong Thong Tin), Minister of National Security (Tong Truong An Ninh Quoc Gia), and also Interior Minister (Tong Truong Noi Vu) for a short time.

In 1974, he retired from the South Vietnamese Armed Forces, but was soon appointed Ambassador to the Central Africa Republic and Chad. He remained at these posts until the fall of Saigon in 1975. He was then offered asylum by France, went to Paris and stayed there until 1978 when he immigrated to the US, where he settled in Virginia.

For many years, he was actively involved in several political and community activities within the Vietnamese community in Virginia, including association with the Vietnamese National Congress (Nghi Hoi), the Movement for the Support of the Liberation of Vietnam (Phong Trao Yem Tro Khang Chien), and the Government of Free Vietnam (Chinh Phu Viet Nam Tu Do).

title: Linh Quang Viên


text:
Matt Mantei

Matthew Bruce Mantei [MAN-tie] (born July 7, 1973) is an American former Major League Baseball relief pitcher. In his career, Mantei played with the Florida Marlins, Arizona Diamondbacks and Boston Red Sox. He batted and threw right-handed.

Career
Mantei had four pitches. He had two fastballs, one of which regularly hit 95 MPH and occasionally hit 100, a sharp curve and an occasional slider. He was also known to throw a knuckleball earlier in his career. Two issues concerning his play were his control and his ability for his arm to stay healthy.

Between 1995 and 1996, Mantei had only pitched in 26 games for the Marlins. He missed the 1997 season due to injury and came back in 1998 to post an ERA of 2.96 in 42 games.

After starting the 1999 season with the Florida Marlins and saving 10 games, he was traded to Arizona Diamondbacks in exchange for Vladimir Núñez, Brad Penny and Abraham Núñez. After posting 32 saves in 1999 between the two teams. Mantei was slowed by injuries in 2000 and 2001, when a right-elbow injury ended his season in April and he underwent Tommy John surgery ligament replacement surgery.

In 2002, Mantei worked hard to regain his old form. Despite the fact that he missed a month in 2003, he finished strong in the last three months of the season. He had 29 saves while posting a 2.62 ERA.

Mantei missed most of 2004 after a surgery to deal with bone spurs in his shoulder. In 12 games, he was 0–3 with an 11.81 ERA and four saves. At the end of the season he was signed by the Red Sox. 2005 was yet another injury-plagued season for Mantei, as he only pitched 26.3 innings before being placed on the disabled list for the remainder of the year.

Mantei was invited to the Detroit Tigers spring training camp in 2006 to make a comeback try. After suffering more arm troubles early in the spring, he left camp and was out of baseball until 2008.

Mantei threw a bullpen session for the Detroit Tigers on January 11, 2008 and signed a minor league contract with them. However, after experiencing discomfort in his arm a few games into spring training, he was released and retired on March 4.

In a ten-year career with Florida, Arizona, and Boston, Mantei owned a 14–18 record with a 4.07 ERA and 93 saves in 322.7 innings. He also compiled a 1.98 strikeout-to-walk ratio (396-to-200) and a 1.39 WHIP.

Post MLB Career
On March 4, 2014, Mantei and his family appeared on the History Channel program Counting Cars, commissioning a custom-restored 1953 Chevy truck.

title: Matt Mantei