text:
User talk:Grossdomestic

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 19:28, Dec 21, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Grossdomestic


text:
Talk:OSEK

OS
OSEK itself is not an OS, as the first sentence states. OSEK is more like a standard specification. Please correct me if I am wrong or else, correct the article.
 * Hi, firstly try using https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures. Secondly, OSEK is a list of specifications indeed, but also a RTOS. The information provided on Wikipedia is enough to go deeper with the mentioned links. Try Trampoline for example.✅

Contradiction found
Hi, within the main article I found this: "Comment - Two of the above claims are contradictory: 1. "Only static priorities are allowed for tasks." 2. It uses priority ceiling, which states: "The protocol works by temporarily raising the priorities of tasks in certain situations, thus it requires a scheduler that supports dynamic priority scheduling." IMO words are difficult to explain the concepts, better rely on flow-charts etc. see the PDF by NXP which I added to Further reading. If the part is still contractionary, please clean and I suggest by re-writting. --17387349L8764 (talk) 21:07, 5 April 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:OSEK


text:
Talk:Delimiter-separated values

 * This article was on votes for deletion, the consensus was to keep it. See the archived discussion for further details.

-

Way Oversimplified
This is scandalously oversimplified. No one here actually working in computer science? Just dilettantes hanging about, right? See Eric Raymond for an excellent treatise on this subject. There is a huge difference between clumsy Microsoft technologies such as CSV and TSV on the one hand and the elegant DSV of Unix on the other. Microsoft's abominable CSV is not repeat not a DSV. Get back to work. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.50.44.156 (talk) 19:01, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

Suggested merge
Delimited has more links to it, but I don't like the idea of a past tense word for the article name. Plinth molecular gathered 15:10, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Merge to "delimiter." Right now "delimited" looks the higher quality article, but "delimiter" is more consistent with the way articles are named on Wikipedia. Assuming "delimiter" doesn't say anything "delimited" doesn't say better, it might be a simple matter of replacing the text of "delimiter" with that of "delimited" and turning "delimited" into a redirect. Anton Mravcek 18:53, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

 * DSV is a standard. It's a Unix standard. It doesn't want to be called delimited or delimiter. You've heard of Unix?

 * I am against a merger because the DSV format is recognized as different then the psuedo-CSV tab format by its users. BUT tab separated should be merged with coma separated.--Frozenport (talk) 16:22, 25 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose. I oppose the merge as well since CSV, TSV and DSV are different enough to be discussed in separate articles. Mixing them all together would make it more difficult to explain their specific pros and cons. Since the merge templates have been up since April 2011 I am removing them again now. --Matthiaspaul (talk) 04:43, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

rename to Delimiter-separated values
this article should probably be renamed with the dash, since it is a compound adjective. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Dreftymac (talk • contribs).
 * Done. — xaosflux  Talk  00:44, 19 October 2006 (UTC)

Stop hyphenating everything. It's a disease. Compound adjective? Where'd you find that? lolz —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.50.44.156 (talk) 19:02, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

It would be in your english grammer text, had you bothered to ever read it. It's amazing to me how many of the illiterate manage to operate a computer and get on the internet. I long of the old days when you had to have some level of intelligence to here. DAMN YOU AOL! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.119.81.135 (talk) 17:01, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

Please discuss hyphens at the Manual of Style and the article English compound, and their respective talk pages. Thank you. --DavidCary (talk) 14:10, 30 October 2015 (UTC)

escaping of delimiters etc
Might be useful to have some mention of other solutions to delimiter escaping, e.g. CSV can deal with embedded delimiters (comma) and embedded escapes (double-quote)

Quotes
Why are the entries in the example quoted? There seems no reason for this.

Why are you even here? You obviously have no clue what this subject is about. Why are you here? Why?

RFC
One may mention that CSV is a part of RFC http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt --Csmth (talk) 07:57, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I am wrong. This article is not specific for CSV. Ignore my comment. --Csmth (talk) 08:04, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

Is "Delimiter" the same as "Separator" now?
It seems that “delimiter” has come to be synonymous with “separator”, but this is not how I learned it. Back when I was taking computer science classes, delimiters were used to mark the start and end of something. For example, a quotation uses delimiters. If you see something like, "it fell from the sky", the quoted text is delimited. A double-quote marks the beginning, and another double-quote marks the end. So delimiters set the boundaries of the thing being delimited.

If this were still true, you could not call a file of comma-separated values format (or CSV) a comma-delimited file. Technically, I would argue it is not comma-delimited, it is comma-separated. By contrast, files that conform to a text markup language, like SGML or XML, are delimited in that the beginning and end of chunks of text are marked by start and end tags.

I don’t mean to be pedantic, but this is delimited. Spoodles (talk) 21:16, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

I have to agree. As a programmer "delimiter separated" sounds oxymoronic. Some examples:

 * delimited: "This is delimited with quotes."
 * separated: This,is,separated,with,commas.
 * both: "This","is","both","delimited","and","separated."

A third way is with terminators:

 * terminated: this;is;terminated;with;semicolons;

Perhaps the confusion comes from Microsoft's misuse of the term delimiter in Microsoft Excel (in 2003 anyway) when loading character separated data. They refer to the *separators* as 'delimiters'. Where delimiters are used - which they can be if the individual values might contain the separate character - they refer to the delimiters using the term 'text qualifier'.

62.232.250.50 (talk) 11:04, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

Ads in the article?
Data validation tools like Flat File Checker may be used to identify and eliminate such errors before import. - Looks like advertisement of the above tool. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.200.67.50 (talk) 10:33, 1 February 2010 (UTC)

Line Breaks
It has been my experience that some versions of some Microsoft products, as well as third-party products, will fail on a CSV file delimited by LF characters. They only work if the file is delimited by the CRLF sequence. --Jym (talk) 21:07, 23 March 2010 (UTC)

Yeah...--Frozenport (talk) 16:23, 25 July 2011 (UTC)

Delimiter-Separated Value Best Practices
What does everyone think about best practices for delimiter-separated values? I've commonly seen commas, pipes, tildes, and C-cedillas used as the delimiter, but there are certain risks associated with them (depending on the raw data). Is there a delimiter that should be used as a standard which is considered "safest" to avoid situations where (for example) a customer might have a C-cedilla in their name which throws off the file format after delimiters are inserted? I've also seen where people look for and remove/strip the delimiter being used from the raw data before adding in the delimiter to prevent this from happening, but my thought is that there may be a particular character that is least commonly found/used which would prevent the need to strip anything from the raw data. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 159.53.46.141 (talk) 20:13, 6 February 2014 (UTC)

Content Clarification
Just reading the discussion on the talk page shows that this article requires more clarity and explanation. The fact that someone even asked why the values are quoted, which is valid question considering the article content alone, suggests that there is a major gap in the content. The concept of delimited and separated values, used independently (not here, obviously) or in combination are relatively simple concepts. This article, however, does not explain clearly enough what a DSV is. That there is confusion between DSVs and CSVs would seem to indicate that the article content should distinguish how a DSV is different from potential interpretations, such as CSV.

Even the naming is confusing. There may be a common usage standard for "delimiter-separated", but I'd have to say it's incorrect. "Comma-separated" is correct because the separator is the comma. Because CSV's aren't always separated by commas, sometimes they're called character-separated values (although commas are by far the most common, at least in my experience). But these DSV files, as I understand it (and, again, this is not clear in the article), are delimited and separated; delimited/delimitor is not qualifying or modifying separated/separator. There is no need for a hyphen here, and I would go as far as to say it is incorrect, grammatically speaking. But, as I said, there may be some common usage here of which I'm not aware.

But I digressed. Getting back to the main point, this article seems to be written by, and reviewed by, those who already know the content. WikiP articles should include a bit more content for the lay person, as well as distinguish content from common, potential confusion (e.g. DSV vs. CSV).

I would also suggest that some of this discussion is not consistent with WikiP's guidelines:
 * "...in an atmosphere of mutual respect and cooperation. Don't be afraid to contribute as you are encouraged to be bold in editing in a fair and accurate manner."
 * "While discussing matters, it is very important that you conduct yourself with civility and assume good faith on the part of others."

Just my thoughts. --FreeText (talk) 19:36, 1 August 2014 (UTC)

Delimiter vs. Separator
This poorly written article confuses "delimiters" with sep,ara,tors. They are two completely different things. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.126.68.153 (talk) 18:06, 5 September 2014 (UTC)

Database schema
I've reverted again. A lede should summarize the body, but the body has nothing on cross platform data exchange or database schemas. The reference to database schema is inappropriate because DSV files are flat and do not describe schemas. DSV is a file format, but it is not about converting file formats. It is just a least-common denominator format that can be used for data exchange. Glrx (talk) 23:02, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Right. We are talking past the same concepts in different words. I am not saying that DSV is what converts a file or defines a schema. (How did you get that out of it?) I am saying that because different schemas exist, which they do, you need a common format for data exchange between them, which DSV is. I question the thinking/reading that couldn't see that point being made, but <>sI'm not interested right now in spending more time here I ended up taking another crack at it. Quercus solaris (talk) 23:29, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Uh, reading comprehension alert? I wrote "Despite that each of those applications has its own database schema and its own file format (for example, accdb or xlsx), they [THE APPLICATIONS] can all map the fields in a DSV file to their own schema and format." You wrote "DSV files are flat and offer NO support for schema conversions." No kidding! Who said anything about "providing support"? The DSV file doesn't have to DO anything, the application does it! I'm not just accepting that reversion. Quercus solaris (talk) 23:49, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Where are the sources for these claims? Are the issues being raise discussed in secondary sources that address DSV? "This is about as plain as it can be made" sounds in WP:OR. The unsourced statement can be made even simpler if schema are not mentioned. Why are you raising the topic of database schema for a flat interchange format that has an uninteresting schema? There's no hierarchy, no multiple tables, no integrity relations, no domain constraints. The topic is only about raw data exchange. It does not care about integrity relations. Now, you are changing database schema to database design. That makes it worse. The schema is just the table layout; the database design comprises more than just the data. You've also changed schema to data model. Why are you raising data model issues when DSV has no impact on the model? You are raising issues about complexity that the format does not address. Glrx (talk) 00:23, 11 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Delimiter-separated values


text: Category:456 BC deaths

title: Category:456 BC deaths


text: Category:456 BC

title: Category:456 BC


text:
Appalachian Bible College

Appalachian Bible College is a private Bible college in Mount Hope, West Virginia. While unaffiliated with any particular denomination, it generally serves independent churches within the fundamental Bible and Baptist associations.

History
The school was founded as Appalachian Bible Institute in 1950 by Lester E. Pipkin and Robert S. Guelich. Pipkin served as the school's first president until he was replaced by Daniel L. Anderson, current president, in 1983. The school started as a Bible training institute for the youth of the Appalachian Mountains.

Academics
All students who enroll in ABC's dual-major Bachelor of Arts program have one major in Bible and Theology and choose another ministry-related major. Additional programs include a Bible Certificate and an Associate of Arts. The school also offers online courses through ABC Connect, and on-campus modular classes for its Master of Arts in Ministry degree.

In 2014, ABC began offering accredited courses to inmates at Mount Olive Correctional Complex, West Virginia's maximum security prison. Mount Olive Bible College students are enrolled in the Pastoral ministry major. The first graduating class received Bachelor of Arts degrees in December 2018.

Accreditation
ABC is accredited by both the Higher Learning Commission and the Association for Biblical Higher Education.

Athletics
The Athletic Department of Appalachian Bible College is part of the National Christian College Athletic Association. Appalachian Bible College participates in the following intercollegiate sports:

 * Men's basketball
 * Men's soccer
 * Women's basketball
 * Women's volleyball

title: Appalachian Bible College


text:
Alexander Henry Green

Alexander Henry Green FRS (10 October 1832 – 19 August 1896) was an English geologist.

Life
Green was born at Maidstone on 10 October 1832, was the eldest son of Thomas Sheldon Green, head-master of the Ashby Grammar School at Ashby-de-la-Zouch, who had married Miss Derington of Hinckley in Leicestershire. After passing through his father's school he went to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he was admitted pensioner on 25 June 1851, and graduated as sixth wrangler in 1855. Elected a fellow of his college in the same year, he proceeded M.A. in 1858, and resided until 1861.

He obtained an appointment on the Geological Survey of Great Britain in 1861. Here he worked at first on the Jurassic and cretaceous rocks of the midland counties, passing on from them to the carboniferous deposits of Derbyshire, Yorkshire, and the northern counties. In 1874 he left the survey to become professor of geology in the Yorkshire College at Leeds, and wrote a well-received manual of Physical Geology in 1876. He also undertook, in 1885, the duties of the chair of mathematics, and was for a time lecturer on geology at the school of military engineering, Chatham. In 1888 he was appointed to the professorship of geology at Oxford in succession to Sir Joseph Prestwich, and received from that university the honorary degree of M.A. Green became a Fellow of the Geological Society in 1862, and received the Murchison Medal in 1892. In the latter year he was elected honorary fellow of Gonville and Caius College. In 1886, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and in 1890 was president of the section of geology at the Leeds meeting of the British Association. His strength in this science lay in field work and in certain departments of physical geology where his mathematical knowledge was especially helpful. As a teacher and writer he was remarkably clear. In addition to the duties of his chair he undertook much examining and consulting work ; perhaps, indeed, excessive labour shortened his life, for he was most indefatigable and thorough in whatever he took in hand. In the summer of 1896, he had a paralytic stroke, and died on 19 August at his residence, Boars Hill, near Oxford.

Family
He was twice married: in 1866 to Miss Mary Marsden, from the neighbourhood of Sheffield, who died in 1882; and in 1883 to Miss W. M. Armstrong, a native of Clifton, who survived him. One son and two daughters were the issue of the first marriage, and a son and a daughter of the second, all of whom survived their father.

title: Alexander Henry Green


text: User talk:69.196.126.65

title: User talk:69.196.126.65


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Christopher Raymond Perry

Christopher Raymond Perry (December 4, 1761 – June 1, 1818) was an officer in the United States Navy who was appointed Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Washington County, Rhode Island, in 1780 and served until 1791. He was the father of Oliver Hazard Perry and Matthew Calbraith Perry.

Early life
Perry was born on December 4, 1761, in Newport, Rhode Island, the son of the Hon. James Freeman Perry (1732–1813) and his wife, Mercy Hazard (1739–1810). Christopher's father, Freeman, was a physician and surgeon.

Perry's paternal great-grandfather, Edward Perry, came from Devon, England, and settled in Sandwich, Massachusetts, around 1650 with his wife Mary Freeman. On his mother's side Perry was a seventh-generation descendant of Captain Richard Raymond (1602–1692), and his wife, Julia, who was likely born in Essex, England, in 1602 and arrived in Salem, Massachusetts, about 1629, possibly with a contingent led by the Rev. Francis Higginson. He was about 27 years old and later was a founder of Norwich, Connecticut, and an "honored fore-father of Saybrook".

Perry's mother was also a descendant of Governor Thomas Prence (1599–1673), a co-founder of Eastham, Massachusetts, who was a political leader in both the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies, and governor of Plymouth; and a descendant of two Mayflower passengers, both of whom were signers of the Mayflower Compact, Elder William Brewster (c. 1567–1644), the Pilgrim colonist leader and spiritual elder of the Plymouth Colony, and George Soule (1593–1679). Christopher Perry was also descended from Soule through his paternal grandmother Susannah Barber Perry (1697–1755).

American Revolution
Christopher Perry enlisted, at the age of 14, in a local militia company named the Kingston Reds early in the American Revolution. He then served on a privateer commanded by a Captain Reed. After one cruise with Reed, Perry signed on to the privateer Mifflin commanded by George Wait Babcock. Mifflin was captured by the British and Perry was confined to the infamous prison ship Jersey in New York harbor for three months before he managed to escape.

In 1779, Perry joined the Continental Navy as a seaman aboard the frigate USS Trumbull commanded by Captain James Nicholson. On June 1, 1780, Trumbull engaged the British letter of marque Watt in a hard-fought, but indecisive, action in which Trumbull suffered 8 killed and 31 wounded compared to the Watt's 13 killed and 79 wounded.

Perry then enlisted on another privateer which was captured off the coast of Great Britain. He then was taken as a prisoner to Newry Barracks in Ireland where he met his future wife, Sarah Wallace Alexander (1768–1830). Perry managed another escape by masquerading as a British seaman and taking passage to St. Thomas in the Virgin Islands. From St. Thomas he took passage to Charleston, South Carolina, shortly before the war's conclusion in 1783.

Post war
After the war, Perry served as a mate on a merchantman which sailed to Ireland where Perry was able to bring his beloved Sarah to the United States. They were married in Philadelphia on August 2, 1784. The young couple then moved to South Kingstown, Rhode Island, where they lived with Perry's parents on their 200-acre estate. Their first child, Oliver Hazard Perry, was born in August 1785.

Perry then pursued his career as a merchant captain, making voyages all over the world and amassing a small fortune in the process. He then decided to move his family to Newport, which was then an important shipping center and one of the largest cities in the newly independent United States. By 1797, Perry had achieved enough financial security that he was able to retire to the small coastal town of Westerly in the southwest corner of Rhode Island.

Quasi War
On January 7, 1798, during the Quasi War with France, Perry was commissioned a captain in the U.S. Navy. Perry commanded the frigate General Greene, on which his son, then 13-year-old Oliver Hazard Perry, served as a midshipman. General Greene was launched on January 21, 1799, departed on her first cruise on June 2, 1799, escorting five merchantmen to Havana, Cuba. In Havana a yellow fever epidemic struck the ship which forced her to return to Newport on July 27. General Greene departed on her next cruise to Santo Domingo on September 23. On December 1 she, along with the frigate USS Boston captured the schooner Flying Fish and recaptured the American schooner Weymouth. Among other duties General Green intercepted supplies to rebels fighting to overthrow General Toussaint Louverture who had led a successful slave revolt against the French in Haiti in 1791.

On April 27, General Greene brought two emissaries from Louverture to New Orleans where they went on to meet with President John Adams. She left New Orleans on May 10, escorting twelve merchantmen to Havana. As she neared Havana, a British 74 gun ship of the line intercepted the convoy and sent a boat towards one of the merchant ships so a boarding party could inspect the merchantman. Perry fired a shot across the bow of the boat, and the captain of the British warship brought his ship alongside the much smaller General Greene. When the British captain demanded to know why Perry had fired on the boat, and remarked that it was very strange that a British ship of the line could not board an American merchant ship, Perry replied, "If she were a first rate ship (i.e. a ship mounting 100 guns), she should not do so to the dishonor of my flag!" Apparently, the incident was resolved without further conflict.

General Greene returned to Newport on July 21, 1800, where most of her crew was discharged. Perry was given orders to maintain General Greene in a high state of readiness, should her services be needed. To his disappointment, Perry and General Greene were not given any other assignments during the Quasi War.

Perry, along with most of the other officers in the Navy, was discharged by the Peace Establishment Act of April 3, 1801, which greatly reduced both the Army and the Navy. In the Navy, only nine of 42 captains were allowed to remain in service.

Personal life
On August 2, 1784, Perry married Sarah Wallace Alexander (1768–1830) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was born about 1768 in County Down, Ireland and died December 4, 1830, in New London, Connecticut. She was a descendant of an uncle of William Wallace, the Scottish knight and landowner who is known for leading a resistance during the Wars of Scottish Independence and is today remembered as a patriot and national hero.

Christopher and Sarah had five sons, all of whom were officers in the U.S. Navy who died in service, and three daughters:

 * Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry (1785–1819), who married Elizabeth Champlin Mason in 1811.
 * Lieutenant Raymond Henry Jones Perry (1789–1826), who served in the U.S. Navy from 1807 until his death.
 * Sarah Wallace Perry (1791–1855), who never married.
 * Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794–1858), who married Jane Slidell Perry (1816–1864)
 * Anna Maria Perry (1797–1858), who married Commodore George Washington Rodgers (1787-1832).
 * Jane Tweedy Perry (1799–1875), who married William Butler Jr. (1790–1850), a surgeon and United States Congressman, in 1819.
 * Lieutenant James Alexander Perry (1801–1822), who served in the U.S. Navy from 1811 until his death. Served with his brother Oliver at the Battle of Lake Erie at the age of 12.
 * Purser Nathaniel Hazard Perry (1803–1832), who served as a purser (i.e., a supply and pay officer) in the U.S. Navy from 1820 until his death.

In 1800, Perry became the owner of a large house at 31 Walnut Street in Newport which is today known as the Knowles-Perry House. It is probable that this was Perry's primary residence for the remainder of his life.

Captain Perry died in Newport in 1818 and is buried in the Belmont-Perry plot in the Island Cemetery in Newport, Rhode Island. Aside from his wife, all those buried in the plot are either his descendants or their spouses.

Descendants
Captain Christopher Raymond Perry's descendants number in the thousands today. Some of his notable descendants include:

His eldest son, Oliver Hazard Perry (1785–1819), hero of the Battle of Lake Erie. Matthew Calbraith Perry, commander of the Perry Expedition to Japan. Brevet Brigadier General Alexander James Perry (1828–1913) was a career Army officer who graduated from West Point and served during the American Civil War. The Right Reverend James De Wolf Perry (1871–1947) served as Episcopal Bishop of Rhode Island and Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church.

Captain Perry's grandson, Rear Admiral Christopher Raymond Perry Rodgers (1819–1892) was an officer in the United States Navy who served in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War, was Superintendent of the Naval Academy, and Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Squadron. Rear Admiral Raymond Perry Rodgers (1849–1925), son of C.R.P. Rodgers, was an officer in the United States Navy and the second head of the Office of Naval Intelligence. Raymond Perry Rodgers's younger brother, Rear Admiral Thomas S. Rodgers (1858–1931), was an officer in the United States Navy who served in the Spanish–American War and World War I. Two other descendants of Captain Perry through his daughter Anna Maria Perry Rodgers were Calbraith Perry Rodgers (1879–1912), a pioneer American aviator who was the first civilian to purchase a Wright Flyer and the first to make a transcontinental flight, and Commander John Rodgers (1881–1926), an officer in the United States Navy and an early aviator.

Through his son Matthew's daughter, Caroline Slidell (née Perry) Belmont, he was the great-grandfather of statesman Perry Belmont (1851–1947), who served as a United States Representative from New York and the United States Minister to Spain, and also served as an officer in the U.S. Army during both the Spanish–American War and World War I. August Belmont Jr. (1853–1924), was an American financier, the builder of New York's Belmont Park racetrack, and a major owner/breeder of Thoroughbred racehorses. Oliver Hazard Perry Belmont (1858–1908) was a wealthy American socialite and United States Representative from New York; he was the second husband of Alva Vanderbilt Belmont.

Another of Captain Perry's great-grandsons, William Tiffany (1868–1898), a 2nd lieutenant in the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry (a.k.a. Roosevelt's Rough Riders), died of yellow fever shortly after returning to the United States following his service in Cuba during the Spanish–American War. Matthew Calbraith Butler (1836–1909), son of Captain Perry's daughter Jane Tweedy Perry Butler, was an American military commander and politician from South Carolina who served as a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, a post-bellum three-term United States Senator, and a major general in the United States Army during the Spanish–American War. Commander George Washington Rodgers (1822–1863), a grandson of Captain Perry and brother of Rear Admiral C.R.P. Rodgers, "was distinguished for his bravery in the silencing of Fort Sumter and the batteries on Morris Island."

title: Christopher Raymond Perry


text: Category:525 BC

title: Category:525 BC


text:
Michael Jackson (radio commentator)

Michael Robin Jackson (16 April 1934 – 15 January 2022) was a British-American talk radio host and occasional actor. He was based in the Los Angeles area. Jackson is best known for his radio show which covered arts, politics, and human interest subjects, particularly in the Los Angeles and greater Southern California area in the era before "shock jocks". His show originally aired on L.A. radio station KABC and briefly aired on KGIL.

Early life
Jackson was born in London, England on 16 April 1934, and experienced The Blitz as a child. After the war, during which his father served in the RAF as a navigator trainer, his family moved to South Africa where he became a radio disc jockey and struck up what was to become a lifelong friendship with South African pianist and composer, Charles Segal (pianist). The Jacksons were appalled by the apartheid then dominant in South Africa, and they moved to the United States in 1958. Jackson had always wanted to be on the radio in Los Angeles, but first, he worked in cities like San Francisco, where he did a Top-40 show for station KYA. He made an appearance on the U.S. television program What's My Line? on 7 August 1960.

Listeners reportedly loved his British accent, but he didn't especially enjoy being a rock DJ. In fact, he hated rock music and ended up getting fired. When he was hired in the early '60s at KEWB to do an overnight shift, he gradually phased out playing records, and began chatting with callers. He got the reputation of being a problem-solver, and comedian Mort Sahl, a big fan of his, jokingly called him "the all-night psychiatrist". The police regularly monitored his show, with his permission, so they could trace the calls of the occasional listener who expressed suicidal thoughts and make sure the person was okay. Time magazine praised him for his ability to maintain a calm demeanour no matter what the subject turned out to be.

Career
The Time article and other favourable publicity earned him some offers, and Jackson was finally hired in Los Angeles, where he briefly did the 7 p.m.-to-midnight shift at KHJ. Radio and TV critic Don Page of the Los Angeles Times took notice of him almost immediately, saying he was a "good talker and a patient listener," with an "elegant and flexible" command of the language. But when his ratings weren't what KHJ hoped, he was fired. Fortunately, the CBS affiliate KNX picked him up, but he found their format very confining. Finally, in 1966, heritage talk station KABC hired him, and it was a perfect fit. The station was having great success with their talk radio format, and they gave Jackson the 9 a.m.-to-1 p.m. (later 9 a.m. to noon ) spot. Jackson remained with them for the next three decades, with critics continuing to compliment him for being "cultivated and enlightened". At that time, KABC broadcast the Joe Pyne show, and in the mid-1970s, when Jackson beat him in the ratings, he told a reporter that this proved "you do not have to be rude to be successful."

He was on The Michael Jackson Show on Los Angeles TV Station KCET Channel 28 from 20 March 1978 to 4 May 1979.

Jackson liked to book his own guests, and he became well known for talking to interesting news makers from all around the world, ranging from Richard Nixon's former counsel Charles Colson to economist Milton Friedman to Israeli military leader Moshe Dayan. He also talked to celebrities, psychologists and comedians, but he seemed to enjoy talking about current events. On the other hand, he was sometimes criticised for being too nice with his guests and not asking enough tough questions.

Later years
Jackson continued to be successful into the 1980s, but radio was changing. Although regarded by many as a liberal, he was not alone in that point of view: KABC had several liberal hosts, as well as several who were conservative. Rush Limbaugh was Jackson's competitor, on the air at crosstown KFI, and Limbaugh had little difficulty defeating the veteran KABC talk show host. KABC's management ultimately felt Jackson's style no longer fitted with the modern "in your face" talk shows, the vast majority of which were conservative. On 3 July 1997, Jackson did his last daily talk show for KABC, to the dismay of his fans and a number of critics. Said one, "Jackson has served as one of the radio dial's last passionate voices of liberal politics...." The timing was especially bad given that Jackson had just won an award as "Radio Talk Show Host of the Year" from the Los Angeles Times. He was moved to weekends and ultimately let go in November 1998, after more than 32 years with KABC.

Return
Jackson would return to radio, finding employment at KRLA (1110 AM), where he secured good ratings, but was still not able to beat Limbaugh. KRLA was pleased, however, because he increased the size of their audience. They had recently changed their format from oldies to all-talk, and station management felt that because he was so well known in Los Angeles, Jackson would be able to attract new listeners. Jackson found himself out of work again when KRLA was sold in October 2000.

In addition to changing hands, KRLA would also change its programming, becoming a sports station. He was then hired at KLAC, only to be placed out of work again in 2002 when the station changed its format back to music. In 2003, Jackson was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame; he was still a talented announcer, but at that point, he had no station to work for. The Englishman did some freelance work, producing interviews for all-news radio station KNX and doing some work as a news analyst. But he chose not to renew his contract, citing a lack of a regular time-slot as well as frustration when his long and thorough interviews were edited down into two-minute snippets.

Next Jackson joined the new KGIL 1260 AM; it had been playing classical music, but now the owner, Saul Levine, wanted to change formats, and Jackson was one of the talk-show hosts he hired. His first show for KGIL was on 29 October 2007, and he remained there for almost a year. His show was two hours in length, and his interviews of political guests with frequent call-ins were highly respected. Still courteous, still non-combative, Jackson was then 73 and as he told Steve Carney of the Los Angeles Times, he hoped that this time, he could settle in and work until whenever he chose to retire. That was not to be, as he was let go without explanation on Friday, 12 September 2008 upon his return from vacation two days earlier. He was not allowed to say a final farewell to his long-time listeners. The station reportedly decided to switch to syndicated programming.

In fall of 2009 Jackson returned to KABC as the co-host of an investment-oriented show called "The Financial Insider with Michael Jackson" airing Sundays from 11 a.m. to noon. As of February 2010 the program was still on the air. Jackson filled in for regular host Patt Morrison on her KPCC (National Public Radio affiliate at Pasadena, California) show on 18–19 July 2011.

Personal life and death
In 1965, Jackson married Alana Ladd, daughter of actor Alan Ladd and his agent, Sue Carol. Alana died in 2014. The couple had three children, Alan Jackson, Alisa Magno, and Devon Jackson, and six grandchildren, Lucky, Taylor, Adeline, Emily, Amelia, and Hugo.

Jackson died at his home in Los Angeles following a long battle with Parkinson's disease, on 15 January 2022, at the age of 87.

Awards
Jackson was repeatedly voted Outstanding Radio Personality of the Year. His peers recognised his entertaining and probing style with four Golden Mike Awards for excellence in radio broadcasting. In 1997–98, he was voted Number One Radio Talk Show Host of the Year. He was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 2003. He was a Member of the Order of the British Empire and of France's Ordre national du Mérite. He held an honorary Doctorate of Laws from California Western School of Law.

He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. When the pop singer of the same name died on 25 June 2009, the singer's star on the Walk of Fame was blocked off due to the premiere of the film Brüno at nearby Grauman's Chinese Theatre. Fans of the singer started a makeshift memorial at the (near-identical, except for the "category" symbols below the name for which a radio symbol was on the radio personality's star and a record below the singer's) star belonging to the radio personality instead. Jackson posted on his website: "I am willingly loan[ing] it to him and, if it would bring him back, he can have it. He was a real star. Sinatra, Presley, The Beatles, and Michael Jackson."

title: Michael Jackson (radio commentator)


text:
Roch Voisine

Joseph Armand Roch Voisine, (born 26 March 1963) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, actor, and radio and television host who lives in Montreal and Paris. He writes and performs material in both English and French. He won the Juno Award for Male Vocalist of the Year in 1994. In 1997, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.

Beginnings
Born in Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada, he grew up in Saint-Basile, New Brunswick and later moved to Notre-Dame-du-Lac, Quebec when he was 12.

Voisine studied at École technique des métiers de Lauzon in Lévis (today Guillaume-Couture Secondary School) and at Polyvalente de Lévis (today École Pointe-Lévy). Then he continued for four years at Cégep Limoilou. He attended the University of Ottawa where he graduated in 1985 with a degree in physiotherapy and played four seasons with the uOttawa Gee-Gees men's hockey team.

Voisine aspired to be a professional ice hockey player. He had to set his plans aside when he was severely injured while playing baseball in 1981.

Career
In the summer of 1986, he had his music debut when he sang on Canada Day (1 July) in front of 50,000 people at la Ronde amusement park in Montreal. He also worked as presenter of music videos on Top Jeunesse on the TQS (Télévision Quatre-Saisons) private French Quebec channel. In 1989, he appeared as Dany Ross in the CBC Television series Lance et Compte (He Shoots, He Scores).

Voisine's musical breakthrough came with his 1989 album Hélène which sold three million copies and became a major hit not only in Quebec but also in France, Belgium and Switzerland. In 1990, Hélène was awarded the Best Album prize at the Victoires de la Musique. He capitalized on his big success by releasing a bilingual French/English album Double with one CD containing all-French songs, the other all-English songs trying to position himself in both francophone and anglophone markets.

After a highly successful European Tour in 1991, he was awarded France's Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, becoming the youngest artist to receive it at age 28. His second European tour culminated on 17 April 1992 at Champ-de-Mars in Paris where he sang in front of 75,000 people. The show was broadcast live on TF1 and reached 14 million viewers.

In 1993, Voisine had his biggest English-language hit to date with the single and album both entitled I'll Always Be There, on which he worked with David Foster. The single reached number four on the Canadian music charts while the album reached number seven. Also in 1993, his wax statue was launched in Musée Grévin in Paris. In 2004, he had a huge success with the traditional song "Jean Johnny Jean" written by Gildas Arzel. The song appeared in Voisine's album Coup de tête.

Over the years, he has continued alternating between recording both French and English-language albums. His French language work and concert tours have continued to enjoy success in Europe (especially France) and Quebec, while his English-language recordings are a frequent mainstay of Canadian adult contemporary radio. He also enjoys huge success internationally.

In 2006, he took part alongside other musicians in L'Or de nos vies in a formation named Fight Aids singing a song composed by Kyo. Revenues went to Fight Aids Monaco.

Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada gave him an honorary doctorate in music in May 2007.

In the years 2008 to 2010, he launched his Americana series recorded in Nashville, Tennessee in tribute to American popular and country music. The third in the Americana series was dedicated to California music. In 2010 he also released the album Confidences in two separate European and Canadian editions. He was also one of the commentators for the men's hockey tournament for French television at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. In 2013 he came back with an album of duos called Duophonique.

He was inducted as a Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by France in 1992 and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1995. He was made a Member of the Order of New Brunswick in 2014.

Personal life
Roch Voisine was born in Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada to Réal Voisine, former mayor of Notre-Dame-du-Lac, Quebec and a former English teacher, and to Zélande Robichaud, a former nurse. He grew up in Saint-Basile, New Brunswick. He is the oldest of three children. His brother Marc was born in 1965, and his sister, Janice, in 1966.

When Roch was four years old, Voisine's parents divorced and he moved to live with his paternal grandparents, Maurille and Dorina Racine Voisine, until he was eight, when he went to live with his father again. Roch considered his grandparents very influential on him, even as an adult. Roch moved to Notre-Dame-du-Lac when he was 12.

Voisine married Myriam Saint-Jean on 21 December 2002. The couple have two sons. On 15 October 2007, Voisine's website announced his and Myriam's separation. Later on, he had a short-lived relationship with Narimane Doumandji, a public relations specialist. He has been with Myriam Chantal since 2012 and the couple had a baby girl, Lily-Dorina, born July 1, 2020. According to Myriam Chantal’s facebook, Myriam and Roch split up in 2022.

Albums
(Lack of positions prior to 1999 in Belgium, France and Switzerland does not mean necessarily that the albums did not chart. They may have charted, but lescharts.com lacks archives for albums for the period prior to 1999)
 * AAlbums with separate Canadian and European editions.

Filmography

 * 1989: Lance et Compte (He Shoots, He Scores) as Dany Ross (CBC Television series). It was broadcast also on TV5 with French subtitles as Cogne et Gagne
 * 1992: Armen and Bullik as police detective Tom Bullik (TV film)
 * 2004: Cyberchase - Coach (Penguin tears), Doctor (A Change of Art), Octionier, vender, additional voices (The Snelfu Snafu), additional voices

title: Roch Voisine


text:
James Burrill Jr.

James Burrill Jr. (April 25, 1772 – December 25, 1820) was a Federalist-party United States senator representing the state of Rhode Island. He served in the Senate from 1817 until 1820. He graduated from the College of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (the former name of Brown University) at Providence in 1788.

Burrill was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1815.

The town of Burrillville, Rhode Island, is named for him. His grandson is the American writer and public speaker, George William Curtis.

Burrill died of tuberculosis in Washington, D.C., on December 25, 1820. He was interred in the Congressional Cemetery.

title: James Burrill Jr.


text: User talk:209.18.49.15

title: User talk:209.18.49.15


text:
Talk:Bank robbery

Untitled
There's always things like the IRA robbery too. Not exactly sure what should be added here; significance/motivation/punishment/methods? Aanghelescu 06:42, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

What about bank burglary, such as the Dinisio heist in California?

I agree, i think a separate page on bank burglary could be made. Darkwolf228 (talk) 22:58, 9 June 2009 (UTC) ÁÉ
 * I don't know, but burglary isn't robbery. Joey Q. McCartney 07:54, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Burglary is something like robbery.burglary is like when you break into ones house.

The difference between robbery and burglary has nothing to do with violence, it is to do with access.

Robbery is taking something that is not yours from a place where you are entitled to be. Walking in to a bank during opening hours and asking for the money is robbery.

Burglary is gaining entry to somewhere you are not entitled to be. Breaking in to a bank when it is closed is burglary. Cottonshirt (talk) 06:16, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Good Work Cleaning up the Article
Just saying thanks, the article looks much nicer than when I edited it last week. Algophobia (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 03:30, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Not all banks have armed security guards
I think that this page should mention that not all banks in all countries have armed security guards. I know that at least here in Canada, security guards aren't allowed to carry guns or other weapons. Flea110 20:20, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

Researching crime studies would be a great start
...If anyone has time. Joey Q. McCartney 07:54, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Yes, indeed. I caught this line in the article:

"A 2005 study by Pastore and Maguire found that injuries occur in about two percent of bank robberies in the US, and about six percent of robberies in Australia, and that a death occurs in approximately one third of all bank robberies"

If a death occurs in 1/3 of all bank robberies, it begs to reason that more than two percent of bank robberies result in injuries, no? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.85.31.248 (talk) 05:59, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

---Since this came up on a msg board I frequent... The correct death rate should be 0.3% not 30%. Maguire & Pastore's actual numbers can be found at: http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/pdf/t31512008.pdf http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/pdf/t31492008.pdf --Anonymous Coward

Most Dangerous?
I do not agree that takeover robberies are the most dangerous type of robbery. In takeover robberies, the robbers are usually professionals or have planned their robbery, whereas a one-man robbery may be spontaneous and violent.

 * Why is the article for such a worldwide subject so U.S.-centric?

 * I agree, extremly US-centric, but then I don't have the knowledge or time to expand Mattlore 10:11, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Yep, way too much focus on America. How do you put something up for the systemic bias thing?HichamVanborm 01:59, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

Incorrect description
This article is plain silly. Having done bank robberies and done prison time for it.. I will advise you to put away the DOJ handbooks and crime reports as they are fiction. The entire criminal justice system is fable ridden as far as bank robberies go. Like for instance a common occurrence. A guy gets nabbed for a bank job. He has done say one or two others, told his girl and she snitches him off. When he talks to the feds, because he isn't serious, but really scared, he tells them "I have done 3." and they say "we have film of you doing 12." they show him the film, it's not him... they don't care. He pleads and gets a lesser sentence as long as he lets them clean up their books. As for methods the MOST dangerous robberies are cowboy jobs where the robber runs into the bank and tries to take it over after it has been opened. This is dangerous due to the uncertainity of what can occur combined the personality or state of mind that it takes to do this. Imagine... You run into a room of say 8 people screaming with a gun... Statistically someone is eventually going to snap and do something unexpected. These are the situations where cocaine cowboys start shooting.

There are the following types of robberies: The real threats to the modern day bank robber are not DNA, Cameras, SWAT teams or the like, but rather misinformation spread by the media and people who can't keep their mouths shut. If you want to grasp bank robbery, methods and results, look at the architecture of the banks in question. Everything one needs to know is right there in front of you.
 * 1) Note jobs. Guy walks in and hands a note for cash.  If he is smart he goes to a commercial till.  If he is not he goes to a regular.  They rarely are armed.  They often serialize this.  They average a grand.  Might hit 20 or 30k with a good commercial till.  Can you say drug addicts and the like.  Usually loners, sometimes they might have a driver.
 * 2) Cowboys. They either run in and announce themselves or slide in.  Either way they will brandish or display a firearm.  They will hit more than one till, but will strike so quickly they miss the majority of the money there. They are the fools who put everyone at risk and usually are on such a rush, the money is almost secondary.  They can pull a hundred k but will average between 30 to 60k.  Sometimes they work in groupsd, sometimes not.
 * 3) Takeovers. The feds classify cowboys as takeovers simply because they announce their presence.  A true takeover is where all parties in the bank are accounted for and secured prior to the money being taken.  Takeovers come in a variety of methods.  There are several methods out there that regardless of the security steps taken by a bank are tough to defeat. The bank is stuck in a no win. They have to seem open and friendly, not armoured vaults.  Takeovers with a brain will always hit the vault.  The fiction and urban myth spread by movies like point break are just that.  If the bank is controlled-take over completely, there is no 3 or 5 mninute timelimit.  15 minutes is not uncommon.    This will almost alway be crews that do this.  Watch HEAT.  It is flawed, but on many levels the most realisitic movie ever made on the subject.  The job that goes bad is a cowboy job... not a takeover... why? They did not secure the bank.  As I am not trying to write how to notes, but just correct some errors, I will leave it at that.  A takeover should net between 150k to 500k.

Contradiction
This article lists two separate events as being the first bank robbery in America. Which is correct? Sloverlord 10:29, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

In the introduction, the article says "In foreign countries bank robbery is high but in the U.S. only six have been successful." Later on, it claims that "Bank robberies are still fairly common and are indeed successful, although eventually many bank robbers are found and arrested."

"A bank robbery occurred just under every 52 minutes in 2001 . . . The clearance for bank robbery was 57.7 percent in 2001." Source: http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_02/html/web/specialreport/05-SRbankrobbery.html —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.27.111.125 (talk) 14:17, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

1798 bank robbery amount
The phrase "which was a very large sum of money at the time" strikes me as rather ambiguous and unencyclopedic. It also ignores the fact that 162 grand is still a pretty decent chunk of money. All that said, I'm going to go ahead and replace this phrase with another one which specifies the amount in 2006 dollars. 69.94.199.146 02:12, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Sections
This article needs more wiki internal organization through sections. I suggest that a section on 'robbery prevention' be created and include the content from safecatch that I recommended be merged into the article. Eliz81 04:25, 23 June 2007 (UTC)

Safecatch merge

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the merge proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the merge proposal was do not merge.

Someone posted a merge notice on the safecatch page, suggesting it be discussed here.
 * Just posting to say I Oppose merging the two. Anchoress 21:59, 27 June 2007 (UTC)
 * SafeCatch is a new and powerful robbery deterent concept that is not based on new technolgy that can be learned and overcome or expensive physical deterents like bullet resistant Lexan or man traps. It is a new way branch staff operate and take controle of their environment, a new business model that delivers both high robbery deterent and great customer services at the same time. Due to the importance of this new idea developed by Larry Carr of the FBI and the need for it to be recognized in the US and across the world, it should stand alone untill it gains the required critical mass. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Paulseibert (talk • contribs)
 * Oppose Not only should it not be merged, I'm not even sure it's notable. Ewlyahoocom 06:36, 22 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose although it might be worth a mention if a Bank Security section is made for this article. Algophobia (talk) 03:35, 21 January 2008 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

this is not an article about bank robberies this is about bank robberies in america —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.103.129.103 (talk) 07:54, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

Deleting History
I have deleted all the "History" section about the break-in at the Temperance Hall Association because it was about a burglary, not a robbery. There probably is room in Wikipedia for at least one article about burglary from banks, but this is not it, which is why it is called Bank robbery.  Cottonshirt  τ   11:21, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

FDIC involvement
Contrary to the current version of the article http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bank_robbery&oldid=523063380, the FDIC does not cover robberies. http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/information/fdiciorn.html Does anyone have a good reason to cite for bank robbery being a federal crime? Epimetheon (talk) 17:59, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

Globalize tag (Nov 2017)
Hey @Pburka can we get some more details on this globalize tag. Back in May 2017, I removed a globalize tag from this article after several major revisions. At the time, the article was clearly written as if from a US legal perspective. Now, the article seems to feature history, studies, and statistics from numerous countries. Anything about the US is clearly labeled as such. Admittedly, a lot of sources surrounding the phenomenon of bank robbery seem to revolve around the US but I think fair effort has been made to include everything available. Do you have any specifics on changes you'd like to see improved? Thanks Scoundr3l (talk) 22:07, 3 January 2018 (UTC)

 * When you say there are statistics from numerous countries, I assume you mean Australia and Britain. Apart from the 'Overview' section, the article is about American bank robberies. We've got the first bank robbery in the US, bank robberies in the American frontier, getaway cars in California, and historical American bank robbers. Where's the famous 1907 Tiflis bank robbery? What about the biggest bank robberies in history, which took place in London, Fortaleza and Baghdad? The prevention section is almost entirely about US banks. Even the 'Film' section only mentions one non-American film (and doesn't even mention the first such film, The Bank Robbery (1908)). This article suggests that bank robberies a distinctively-American activity, but they happen world-wide? Pburka (talk) 22:32, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes, several examples of statistics from England, not to mention getaway cars in Paris. The history section is all well sourced. Surely you're not faulting the history of bank robbery, or bank robbery films no less, for taking place largely in America? Do you have contradictory sources for the first bank robbery? They'd be welcome. In the history of banking, I sincerely believe there was another first, but the sources speak for themselves. And what exactly would you like included about Tiflis? For one, it was a stagecoach robbery (specifically omitted, per the opening paragraph) and this is not an indiscriminate list of famous robberies, but an attempt to list historical firsts. What can we fix other than what the sources say? Scoundr3l (talk) 22:53, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I've got some material on the way re: other country firsts and famous robbers. I'm also gonna re-remove the intro bits about federal crime in the US or at least broaden it. I'd like to include something about the 1907 film, but I haven't looked yet and I'm not gonna drop a red link unless I've got something to say. Thanks for the feedback. Scoundr3l (talk) 23:02, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I'm pretty sure the 1831 robbery was the first in the US. It would be very surprising if there are no robberies between the Amsterdam Wisselbank's 1609 establishment and 1831. Pburka (talk) 23:17, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Surprising indeed. But you let me know if you find anything. I started cleaning up this article about a year ago and it might surprise you how shallow the history books are. Scoundr3l (talk) 23:27, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * From a cursory examination of the sources, it seems like there's a particular fascination with bank robberies in the United States, possibly related to the rise of robberies during the Great Depression and the cultural myths built up around famous robbers at the time, such as Bonnie and Clyde and John Dillinger. Outside of the US, I think bank robberies may be less romanticized, and perhaps are treated more like any other robbery. (Although robberies in general may still be romanticized, e.g. Great Train Robbery). It may make sense to include some background on this in the article, to justify why the history section is so heavily tilted towards a US perspective. Furthermore, I think the pedantic focus on robberies (as opposed to burglaries, stagecoach thefts, armored car thefts, etc.) detracts from the article. It's difficult to write about the history and significance of a phenomena when we arbitrarily limit ourselves to one form. The general reader, I think, wants to know about thefts from banks (but probably not frauds). Limiting ourselves to a strict definition of robbery is inconsistent with how most sources cover the material, and, I think, inconsistent with what readers will expect. Pburka (talk) 15:54, 4 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes, I found that as well. I actually began editing this article with the intention of expanding the history prior to and outside the American frontier/depression-era, but the sources were pretty mum. It would seem the phenomenon of bank robbery itself begins and centers mostly on America and only the last few centuries. Romanticization is definitely a factor, but it's also fair to say that America was just a place where bank robberies often happened. Chicken and egg, I suppose. But this article does make several allowances for "not technically" robberies, such as Carpenter Hall. I am also planing to add the Bank of Australia robbery, which tunneled into the vault. As a rule of thumb, I'm usually ok with it as long as the public (i.e. sources) refer to it as a robbery. Within reason, of course. I think too much creep of stagecoach and train robberies will drift far and away from what the public thinks of when they think "bank robbery". Expansion to come as soon as I have time, though please let me know if you have any other ideas. Scoundr3l (talk) 23:03, 4 January 2018 (UTC)

Burglary, Not Robbery
This article begins by correctly defining the difference between burglary and robbery. Surprisingly the rest of the article incorrectly describes burgalries as robberies.

At first, that may not seem significant, but it is. Robbery is more violent and personal because it is when you hold up the persons themselves. Burglary is when one steals without direct contact with people. It matters because they each have such a different nature about them, with robbery being a fearful and often violent event.

It is my understanding that in the United States the first actual bank robbery was committed by Jesse James on 02/13/1866 at the Clay County Savings Association in Liberty, Missouri. All previous events had been burglaries until then. 2600:100C:B231:17E8:45EE:D3C8:4FCB:BDA1 (talk) 04:09, 22 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bank robbery


text:
Statistics relating to enlargement of the European Union

This is a sequence of tables giving statistical data for past and future enlargements of the European Union. All data refer to the populations, land areas, and gross domestic products (GDP) of the respective countries at the time of their accession to the European Union, illustrating historically accurate changes to the Union. The GDP figures are at purchasing power parity, in United States dollar at 1990 prices.

All Candidates
Note: All data sourced from individual country entries on Wikipedia. Populations usually 2021 estimates; historical/future estimates not used. Figures are approximate due to fluctuations in population and economies.


text: User:Michael Reiter/copyright

title: User:Michael Reiter/copyright


text:
Talk:László Kovács (cinematographer)

Untitled

 * This article was on votes for deletion, the consensus was to keep it. See the archived discussion for further details.

-

Help with fradulent info on Laszlo Kovacs' wiki page!
Hello, My name is Nadia, the daughter of Laszlo Kovacs. Lately there has been some edits to my father's page that are PURE fiction We intently researched all of the citations about this "Joseph Miko" guy, and every article that is sited does not exist (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Kov%C3%A1cs_(cinematographer)&oldid=269631740) is the edit that I keep trying to take down, it is stated in the early life section. It's all lies and my family and myself are very upset. I keep watching he page and changing it whenever it gets changed incorrectly. How can I put a stop to this? Anyone that reads a film history book on my father can clearly see that this information is incorrect. Thank you! -Nadia (talk) 02:44, 10 February 2009 (UTC)Nadia Kovacs
 * I believe that your first step is to establish who you are. See WP:OTRS for information about how to contact the Foundation to establish your identity. Ed Fitzgerald t / c 04:59, 10 February 2009 (UTC)
 * I've removed the "controversial" tag because I can not find any indication that there is any controversy about Miko and Kovacs in the real world. Ed Fitzgerald t / c 05:20, 10 February 2009 (UTC)
 * In the meantime, I've warned the IP editor who added the Miko material to the article not to re-add it without a supporting citation from a reliable source. Ed Fitzgerald t / c 05:26, 10 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Like Ed Fitzgerald, I have found no evidence, references or sources for this "controversy" about Josef Miko. Unless some reliable independent source are found for these allegations, they should definitely be removed. I see the IP has apparently registered as User:Skierjoe and attempted to replace the unsourced material. Further disruption could result in an WP:AIV and/or page protection. — Cactus Writer |   needles  21:00, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

Dear Laszlo Kovasc’ daughter. My information is first hand since I knew your father and his first wife, Agnes, shortly after we emigrated to the U.S. from Hungary in the late 1950’s. I have the photos to prove it.

When Vilmos Zsigmond and his wife came to Los Angeles from New York, they came directly to our house and lived with us until they settled in their own apartment a few blocks away. I occasionally watched their two small daughters for them. Shortly thereafter Laszlo and Agnes also showed up. The two filmmakers, Vilmos and my father, Joseph S. Miko, produced a couple documentaries for the L. A. Hungarian audiences. Your dad also participated trying to learn form the two filmmakers, Vilmos and my dad. Vilmos and my father also worked together on a low budget film “The “Sadist”.

When Vilmos arrived at our house from New York he had with him the films he shot of the 1956 Hungarian revolution, mostly consisting of scenes he shot on his way out of the country. Zsigmond’s films were a fraction of the extensive footage my father shot of the revolution. Laszlo had no films.

Yes, I know that you have a diploma from the Hungarian film institute. However, it was not given to your father upon graduation but years latter after he became a successfully Hollywood cinematographer. This was done by the school because it lent them credibility to be able to proclaim that your dad learned his craft from the school. As a further benefit to the school they could have your father visit as a guest lecturer. A major feather in their cap, don’t you think?

I regret that you may be disappointed in learning that some of the stories about your father are inaccurate. However, that should not take away from the fact that he was a great cinematographer and left an indelible mark on the industry, not only in this country bur throughout the world. That is his legacy. The films of the 1956 Hungarian revolution are my father’s legacy. I have in storage the original stock footage on Agfa film, which is available for authentication. There are markers within the film that only I know about, now that father has also passed away. In fact, I am also in some of the scenes which Laszlo has claimed to be his. It’s time to put these myths to rest. You need to remove those claims from your father’s bio.

I last your dad together with Zsigmond and my father in October of 2008 when all three received awards from the Fox Film Club. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Skierjoe (talk • contribs) 00:01, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Skierjoe - Regardless of what you say your personal knowledge is this information cannot be included in a Wikipedia article if it is not backed up by a published reliable source . If you do not have a citation by which anyone can verify the accuracy of your claims you may not add them to the article.  Please, do not add the information to the article again with a proper citation. If you are unsure about Wikipedia's policies in this matter, please see WP:Reliable sources and WP:Verifiability.  Thanks. Ed Fitzgerald t / c 02:39, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Skierjoe, references for the information in the Laszlo Kovacs article as currently written are present -- enumerated at the bottom of the page -- and they are reliable sources cited from books, magazine, professional journals and newspapers. There is nothing there which is controversial. On the other hand, the defamatory information you wish to inject is wholly unsourced. You seem to be the only source for this, and Wikipedia only uses independent and reliable published sources as references. Not hearsay. Please read the links that Ed Fitzgerald has noted. Searches on Google return no reliable sources to back up your statements. In fact, bios about Joseph Miko (such as this one) only corroborate the article as currently written. — Cactus Writer |   needles  23:03, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

Citation needed regarding "Breathless"
I've added a "citation needed" tag to the note on Breathless. Although it is true that Kovács was unknown as a cinematographer at the time of Breathless's release, he had, along with Vilmos Zsigmond, smuggled out of Hungary a great deal of footage of the 1956 Revolution in that country. Much of that footage had been shown on European and US news outlets. I have always heard that Godard included his name out of admiration for the "filming" he had done, which seems at least in part believable as Godard was a politically active filmmaker, the Hungarian Revolution was a hotly debated topic in late 1950s France, and Breathless is a film that makes obvious its love of cinema of all types.

I cannot provide a reference, but if none can be provided for the claim that the name in Breathless is a coincidence, I think it should be deleted. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Vadaszaaron (talk • contribs) 19:30, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

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Cathedral of Saint Vibiana

The Cathedral of Saint Vibiana (Catedral de Santa Vibiana), often called St. Vibiana's, is a Catholic former cathedral church of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Located in Downtown Los Angeles, the building opened in 1876 as the cathedral for what was then known as the Diocese of Monterey–Los Angeles, and remained the official cathedral of the Los Angeles see for over 100 years. It is named for Vibiana, who lived in the 3rd century.

The cathedral was heavily damaged during the 1994 Northridge earthquake and became the subject of a lengthy legal battle between the archdiocese, which wanted to demolish the building and build a new cathedral on the site, and preservationists, who wanted the building to remain standing due to its historical significance. In 1996, the parties involved reached a compromise in which the archdiocese would purchase a nearby site on which to build a new cathedral, and in turn would turn over the St. Vibiana site to the City of Los Angeles. The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels was dedicated in 2002 as the successor to St. Vibiana's.

In the late 2000s, the former cathedral building became an event venue called Vibiana. The Little Tokyo branch of the Los Angeles Public Library is also located on the site. The 1876 cathedral structure is one of the last remaining buildings from the early period of Los Angeles history.

History
Plans for a cathedral dated back to 1859, and land for the facility was donated by Amiel Cavalier. The complex, on the southeast corner of Main and Second streets in downtown Los Angeles, was dedicated in 1876 and cost US$80,000 to build. The cathedral's architects, Kysor & Mathews, also designed the landmark Pico House. The Baroque-inspired Italianate structure was a landmark in the early days of Los Angeles. When first opened, it held one-tenth of the young town's population. The interior was remodeled around 1895, using onyx and marble; the exterior facade was changed in 1922–24 to give it a new look, said to be based on a Roman design.

Pope Pius IX chose the cathedral's name, choosing third-century Roman martyr Saint Vibiana. Cathedrals traditionally contained the relics of a saint, so the remains of St. Vibiana were removed from the Catacombs of Rome and moved to a gilt-and-plate-glass sarcophagus located in a niche above the high altar.

During the 1940s, a rectory and school building were added. The school closed in 1969 because the parish could not afford it. It became a convent for the Disciples of the Divine Master.

The facility was outgrown by the region's rapidly expanding population, and the archdiocese decided that it needed a larger main facility; however, preservationists pressured them not to destroy the historic landmark. The situation was complicated further when the 1994 Northridge earthquake caused extensive damage to the cathedral and its 1,200-seat sanctuary. Deciding that the damage was not worth repairing in such a small structure, the archdiocese began demolition on the site in 1996, without permits. However, the sudden dismantling of the bell tower on a Saturday morning prompted a frantic save-the-cathedral campaign, and work by the archdiocese was halted by preservationists who had a temporary restraining order placed on demolition. The archdiocese argued that it had the right to level its own facility; preservationists and the city wanted the church to be preserved. The structure was listed on the country's "11 Most Endangered Places" by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. A state Court of Appeal rejected the archdiocese's argument to be allowed to quickly demolish the cathedral; then-City Councilwoman Rita Walters had moved to strip the cathedral of its historic monument status, an action that would exempt the archdiocese from having to prepare the full environmental impact study normally required for destruction of a city landmark.

Finally a compromise was reached: the City of Los Angeles agreed to swap land with the archdiocese, giving the Church a much larger plot next to the 101 Freeway. The archdiocese agreed, and the land was developed into the new Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, constructed and consecrated as the new mother church cathedral parish of the archdiocese. Some items from St. Vibiana's Cathedral were used in the new cathedral. The stained glass and sarcophagus were placed in the new cathedral's crypt mausoleum. Pipes from the 1980 Austin pipe organ have been incorporated into the organ at the new cathedral. An oratorio about Saint Vibiana was written by Peter Boyd and performed in Pacoima in 1997.

The cathedral site was taken over by the city. The city sold the former cathedral building to downtown developer Tom Gilmore in 1999 for $4.6 million. The non-historic 1940s Education Building was demolished, making way for the new Little Tokyo Branch of the Los Angeles Public Library. The building celebrated the end of its renovation with a gala on November 12, 2005, though plans for its use were still undecided. In August 2007, the 3,500-pound cupola was returned to the top of the 83 ft-tall bell tower.

The former cathedral was later renamed Vibiana and converted to an event space, including for post-Emmy Award parties in 2009 and 2010, Art of Elysium's annual charity gala, Warner Music Group's post-Grammy Awards party, and the Alfred E. Mann Foundation Gala.

In 2016, the venue hosted four episodes of the final season of American Idol.

In 2017, it was added to the National Trust for Historic Preservation list of America's Most Endangered Places "Success Stories"—sites that were named to the "Most Endangered" list that were the focus of successful preservation efforts

Amy Knoll Fraser and Chef Neal Fraser are now the owners and operators of Redbird | Vibiana, a wedding, events and performing arts venue located in the Historic Core of Downtown Los Angeles.

title: Cathedral of Saint Vibiana