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Bislig

Bislig, officially the City of Bislig (Dakbayan sa Bislig; Lungsod ng Bislig), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 99,290 people.

It is the most populous among the cities and municipalities in the province of Surigao del Sur.

Barangay Mangagoy, the downtown area often dubbed by its residents as "the little city within the city", is the center of trade and industry of Bislig which has a population of 32,464 as of the 2015 estimate. It is the largest barangay in the city and the entire province of Surigao del Sur in terms of population. Since Barangay Poblacion is often referred by the locals simply as 'Bislig', Mangagoy on the other hand is often mistaken as a separate town though it is only just one out of the 24 barangays that comprises the entire City of Bislig.

In 2000, Bislig was converted into a city per Republic Act 8804. It is the easternmost city in the Philippines.

Etymology
The legendary allusions as to how Bislig got its name could be traced back to the era prior to the coming of the Spanish conquistadors. The town got its name from a forest vine of the rattan family that grew in abundance along the banks of its rivers. This vine was noted for its strength and became known for saving a royal couple who crossed the swollen river in one of their hunting expeditions and who almost died as they were carried downstream by the rushing current. The legend has it that these hunters had already lost hope of surviving until they were able to cling to a vine which was about 1/4 inch in diameter called Bislig. As a sign of thanksgiving, the ruler named this place Bislig.

Historically, Bislig derived its name from the word "bizlin", a kind of gold, "which is worth two pesos a tael. The weight of a tael is one and one-eight ounces" in the 16th century, which the natives used for trade and barter. Prior to the coming of Spaniards, this terminology was understood in Luzon and in Mindanao. In the report of the Administrator of Royal Properties Andres Mirandaola dated September 8, 1573, sent to King Philip of Spain that "much gold found in the island of Mindanao, District of Butuan, Surigao ..." It is believed that this kind of gold found in the rolling hills and mountains of the southernmost portion of Bislig and Agusan Province.

However, historical records shows that the name has been variously spelled by the Spanish chroniclers. Conquistador Miguel de Loarca, in his extreme exploratory survey trip of the archipelago, first mentioned and spelled it "Beslin" in his historical accounts "Relacion de los Yslas Filipinas" in 1582, as well as in the Confirmaciones de Encomienda (1616–1700) which Bislig was under the encomienda of Alferez Juan delas Marianas in 1619. In the "Historia general de los religiosos descalzos del orden de San Agustin" of Fray Andres de San Nicolas in 1664 spelled it "Bislin" and also in the "Historia general... del Orden de San Agustin" of Fray Luis de Jesus in 1681. A Franciscan writer, Fray Juan de San Francisco de San Antonio spelled it "Baslig" in his "Cronicas" in 1738. Other Spanish chroniclers spelled it "Bislic" and "Bisliq".

In the first detailed map of the Philippines in 1749, published in "Historia de la Provincia de Filipinas" by a Jesuit, Father Pedro Murillo Velarde spelled it Bislig, as did in the "Historia General ..." of Fray Pedro San Francisco de Assis in 1768 and in the "Mapa dela Provincia de Caraga" by Francisco Alegre in 1751. A complete statistical data of District of Caraga compiled in 1750 spelled as "Bislig", and also in the document titled "Provincia de San Nicolas de Tolentino de Agustinos descalzos dela Congregacion de España y Indias" in 1879.

From the time on, it is known and spelled as Bislig.

Geography
Bislig is approximately 208 km northeast of Davao City, 152 km south of Tandag City (the provincial capital), 44 km south of Hinatuan, and 158 km southeast of Butuan.

Bislig has a land area of 40,503 hectares spread over 24 barangays, with close to half, which are tropical rainforests, is classified as "public forest".

Climate
Bislig has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and with extremely heavy rainfall in January.

Barangays
Bislig is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.

 * Bucto
 * Burboanan
 * Caguyao
 * Coleto
 * Comawas
 * Kahayag
 * Labisma
 * Lawigan
 * Maharlika
 * Mangagoy (City Downtown)
 * Mone
 * Pamanlinan
 * Pamaypayan
 * Poblacion (Bislig Proper – Seat of the City Government)
 * San Antonio
 * San Fernando
 * San Isidro (Bagnan)
 * San Jose
 * San Roque (Cadanglasan)
 * San Vicente
 * Santa Cruz
 * Sibaroy
 * Tabon
 * Tumanan

History
The first inhabitants of Bislig were believed to have come from the Agusan Valley in the hinterlands of Mindanao beyond the Magdiwata Mountains. These people used spears, bows and arrows and lived a semi-nomadic life and were called Manobos.

They were ruled during the later part of the seventeenth century by a native leader called "Bagani", meaning a formidable leader. They were very brave, tough and war-like. They also introduced edible crops such as rice, corn and rootcrops to the area.

At the turn of the century, Spanish colonizers and missionaries imposed the rule of Spain and brought with them Tagalogs, Ilonggos, and Cebuanos from the north as members of their expeditionary forces.

Long before it became a town on January 1, 1921, per Executive Order No. 62 issued by Governor General Francis Burton Harrison on December 28, 1920 (with Primitivo A. Castillo as its first Municipal President, Vice-president: Sulpicio P. Laurente & Councilors: Ciriaco Alba; Bartolome Alvar; Higino Basañez; Escolastico Carmen; Tomas Masancay; Basilio Dua; and Macario Tenchavez), Bislig was already an established political instrumentality or "pueblo" in the Province of Surigao (now Surigao del Sur and Surigao del Norte). Earlier, the province was a part of an even bigger territory stretching from northeastern Mindanao down to the island's southeastern "pueblo" of Caraga and Man-ay in Davao Oriental. Caraga was originally the seat of political, military and religious authority.

Following its becoming a town, efforts were made to improve and develop Bislig until the advent of its citihood campaign in 1999; and by virtue of Republic Act No. 8804, Bislig was converted into a component city. This was duly ratified and approved in a plebiscite conducted on September 18, 2000.

Demographics
A local language, called Kamayo is sometimes used by the residents, though they usually use the more general Cebuano language of the region.

Economy
Bislig is the largest town on the eastern coast of Mindanao. Situated between Mati in the south and Surigao City in the north, it serves as a commercial center for Surigao del Sur and northern Davao Oriental. It is also accessible by road from the landlocked municipalities of Agusan del Sur and Davao de Oro. It markets itself as a center of organic high-value crops and aquamarine products.

Barangay Mangagoy is the center of trade and industry of the city which has a population of roughly 50,000 and is the largest barangay in population in the entire province of Surigao del Sur. Espiritu Street and the adjacent areas is colloquially often referred simply to as 'Barrio' by the locals. It is where most of commercial activity in Mangagoy is located. It houses national and local banks, restaurants, and service centers. There are also accommodating inns and hotels, as well as motorized tricycles, jeepneys, and buses ply its concrete roads and highways.

Bislig was the location of the defunct company PICOP Resources, Inc. (PRI, or previously known as the Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines), which was the largest paper mill in Asia and one of the largest in the world. Established in 1963, it was involved in both logging (raw material extraction) and paper & pulp manufacturing, one of the first companies in the world to feature this integrated approach to paper & pulp production. PICOP attracted workers from around the country and helped boost Bislig's population, converting the then-sleepy outskirt barangay of Mangagoy into a boomtown. PICOP's forest concessions extended into Barangay Tabon and included an area where the Philippine eagle lived. The company reached its peak in 1984. However, during the late 1980s the company started to falter caused by several issues, with political turmoil and mismanagement, to name a few. PICOP began to mount losses and in a couple of decades, concluded operations. It ended operations in 2001 and completely shut down by 2008. The closure caused massive problems in Bislig, whose local economy was deeply intertwined with the company.

In a televised press conference aired by the Presidential Communications in September 2020, construction firm JM McGregor Haggens, Inc. announced that they will be embarking in a multi-billion peso port complex in Bislig to be called "The Maritime City", the first of its kind in the country. The hub will consist of at least 15 projects, including an oil refinery, oil depot, shipyard, container port, cold storage, food processing plant, power plant, water treatment facility, hospital, hotel, integrated market, convention center, and a government center. The first phase of construction is scheduled in early 2021. The said project will be funded by Aria Indonesia-Aria Asset Management of Luxembourg and nine other entities from different countries.

Tourism
Known for its ecotourism, Bislig's main tourist attraction is the Tinuy-an Falls, known as the little "Niagara Falls" of the Philippines. It is a white water curtain that flows in three levels about 55 meters high and 95 meters wide. Its critically acclaimed majestic and unique natural formation was once appeared in the International Travel Magazine. It is also said to be the widest waterfalls in the Philippines.

Other known tourist attractions include: the white-sand beaches of Hagonoy Island; the various white sand beaches in Barangay Lawigan facing and considered a part of the Pacific Ocean; the underground river of the educational Delot and Hinayagan Cave; the Togonan Falls in Barangay Sibaroy which is a 30-minute ride a far from the city proper; the wild sanctuary of the Forester's Park; the wide range waters of the Mone River and the man-made Lake 77 which offers a boat ride tour and a floating cottage ideal for picnic and fishing; the Kamayo Heritage Park; the Cawa-Cawa Sa Awog; the Sian Falls; the Bislig Hot Spring; the Florland Inland Resort in Barangay San Vicente; the Maria Regina Highland Farm and Resort in Dao-Dao, Barangay San Fernando; the Chocolate Beach ideal for the avid mud skim boarding enthusiasts; the newly developed Mabakat beach (the former Dampingan area) ideal for surfing aficionados; the International Doll House at the Ocean View Park in Barangay Comawas; and the City Baywalk Park. Trekking and bird watching could also be available in Bislig's densely natural forested areas.

Bislig hosts an annual festival called "The Karawasan Festival" during the charter day of the city which features an inter-school ethnic dance competition. Karawasan came from a local dialect which means "movement of the crabs". Karawasan is held every 17th day of September. It was replaced by the "Tinuy-an (Sayaw) Festival" since September 2013 and reinstated in 2019.

Festivals and events

 * Tinuy-an Sayaw Festival : Bislig's major festival celebrated every September 17. It is the city's co-major event along with the Karawasan Festival.
 * Charter Day Celebration : Celebrated from September 16 to 18, the city celebrate its cityhood.
 * Mangagoy Fiesta : Celebrated every July 19, the feast day of St. Vincent de Paul.
 * Sinulog Festival : Celebrated every third Sunday of January during the feast of Santo Niño.
 * Kawadang Festival : Celebrated every September 21, four days after the Karawasan Festival.
 * Poblacion Fiesta : Celebrated every September 22, the feast day of Santo Tomas de Villanueva.
 * Uli Bislig : Celebrated every September 16, it literally means "going back home to Bislig".
 * Karawasan Festival : As part of the Charter Day Celebration, a dream come true for the City Government of Bislig. Karawasan is a festival of ethnic dances depicting the movement of crabs. Karawasan is actually a collective name given to the member of the crab family found to be great in the salty and freshwater of Bislig. The lavishness of such local marine resource has, in fact, made Bislig known to other places in the country. It was replaced by the "Tinuy-an Sayaw Festival" until it was reinstated in 2019.

Airport
The concrete runway of Bislig Airport can accommodate light commercial planes of the Fokker 50 class, though most of the time the airport is only used for the occasional private plane.

Private and government charter planes and choppers still usually land at the airport.

Seaport
The city had developed sea ports at Barangay Lawigan and Caramcam District in Barangay Mangagoy for the increasing demand of people travelling to other provinces. Currently, operations of the Lawigan sea port is placed on hold due to project constraints.

Healthcare

 * Andres Soriano Memorial Hospital Cooperative (Private)
 * Babano Family Medical Clinic – Hospital Inc. (Private)
 * Bislig District Hospital (Government)
 * HealthLink Medical Clinic and Laboratory (Private)
 * Saint Vincent de Paul College Maternity & General Hospital (Private) (on indefinite hiatus; for redevelopment)

Education
Private schools:
 * De La Salle John Bosco College
 * STIP Pacific View College Inc.
 * Andres Soriano Colleges of Bislig
 * St. Vincent de Paul Diocesan College
 * Recaredo Castillo of Bislig City High School

Public schools:
 * Secondary
 * Mangagoy National High School
 * Bislig City National High School
 * Coleto Integrated School
 * Danipas National High School
 * Labisma Integrated School
 * Lawigan National High School
 * Tabon M. Estrella National High School
 * Maharlika National High School
 * Mone National High School
 * San Isidro National High School
 * San Jose National High School
 * San Vicente National High School
 * Sikahoy National High School
 * Mabog National High School
 * Santa Cruz National High School
 * Bucto National High School
 * Tumanan National High School
 * Tertiary
 * North Eastern Mindanao State University - Bislig Campus (formerly a satellite campus of University of Southeastern Philippines)
 * Bislig City Surigao del Sur-District II Skills Training Center

Notable personalities

 * Marcelito Pomoy – singer and Pilipinas Got Talent (season 2) Grand Winner and America's Got Talent: The Champions finalist
 * Gabriel Amigo III – international Enduro mountain bike racing champion
 * Dennis Orcollo – professional pool player; Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame inductee

title: Bislig


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Billy Garrett

William Joseph "Billy" Garrett (April 24, 1933 in Princeton, Illinois – February 15, 1999 in Glendale, California) was an American racecar driver.

A second generation driver (his father, John, competed in roadsters and sprint cars in California), Billy Garrett began his career racing roadsters and midgets in Southern California, and was the 1955 & 1956 URA midget champion. He made 18 starts in USAC Championship races from 1956 through 1958, winning the pole position at Langhorne Speedway in 1956. He suffered career ending injuries in a crash during the 1958 Rex Mays 100 at the Wisconsin State Fair Speedway. Garrett was inducted into the National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame.

World Championship career summary
The Indianapolis 500 was part of the FIA World Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indy during those years were credited with World Championship points and participation. Billy Garrett participated in 2 World Championship races. He started on the pole 0 times, won 0 races, set 0 fastest laps, and finished on the podium 0 times. He accumulated a total of 0 championship points.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Billy Garrett


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Bob Christie (racing driver)

Bob Christie (April 4, 1924 – June 1, 2009 ) was an American racecar driver. Christie raced in the USAC Championship Car series in the 1956-1963 seasons, with 15 career starts, including every Indianapolis 500 race in that span. He finished in the top ten 5 times, with his best finish in 3rd position in 1959 at Daytona. He died in Grants Pass, Oregon.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

title: Bob Christie (racing driver)


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Bob Scott (racing driver)

Robert Franklin Scott (October 4, 1928 in Watsonville, California – July 5, 1954 in Darlington, South Carolina) was an American racecar driver. Scott died in a crash during a Champ Car race at Darlington Raceway.

World Championship career summary
The Indianapolis 500 was part of the FIA World Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indy during those years were credited with World Championship points and participation. Bob Scott participated in 3 World Championship races but scored no World Championship points.

title: Bob Scott (racing driver)


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Talk:Don't panic

Q: Wasn't "Don't Panic" also used, at least briefly, as an advertising slogan for FedEx? gK [[User talk:GK|¿?]] 08:04, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Stub?
I'm going to remove the stub label. I don't feel like there is anything else to really be said on the topic. User:Schrodingers catsup
 * I disagree. Even if there isn't any more that could be said on the topic, a stub is a stub.  Regardless of how much room the stub category has left. --Theaterfreak64 07:16, May 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * A stub means that the article is just a quick blurb untill something longer can be written. Its telling people that someone needs to expand the article.  There's nothing to expand on.  I'm removing the stub label.  Not all short articles are stubs, sometimes they're just stubs. -- schrodingers catsup  12:49, June 1, 2005 (PDT)

 * I'm having trouble parsing the last sentence above. Did you mean to say, "... sometimes they're just short articles"? --RoySmith 15:04, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Thats exactly what I meant to say. Sometimes its just a short article. A stub is asking for more to be written. Schrodingers catsup 19:33, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I tried to expand on the entry for Don't Panic. It's still pretty much a stub, though...ChristopherEdwards

Disambig
This is a disambiguation page and should be marked as such. Bing! --195.92.67.69 3 July 2005 19:01 (UTC)

http://www.iainmurray.net/old/don't_panic_summer_1999.jpg --- i found it a useful reminder during exam season when I was an undergrad :-)

"Don't Panic", A free publication
This needs clarification. --AlastairIrvine (talk) 11:50, 15 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Don't panic


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Belknap

Belknap may refer to:

United States

 * Belknap, Illinois, a village
 * Belknap, Indiana, an unincorporated community
 * Belknap, Louisville, Kentucky, a neighborhood
 * Belknap, Montana, a census-designated place
 * Belknap, Rhode Island, a village
 * Belknap, Texas, a ghost town
 * Belknap County, New Hampshire
 * Belknap Mountains
 * Belknap Mountain
 * Belknap Crater, a volcanic feature in Oregon
 * Belknap Hill, in Grand Rapids, Michigan
 * Belknap Springs, Oregon
 * Belknap Township, Pottawattamie County, Iowa
 * Belknap Township, Michigan
 * Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, Montana
 * Mount Belknap (Utah), a mountain in Utah

Antarctica

 * Belknap Nunatak, Ellsworth Land

American structures on the National Register of Historic Places

 * Fort Belknap (Texas), built in 1851 to protect the Texas frontier against raids by the Kiowa and Comanche
 * Belknap School, Belknap, Rhode Island, a former schoolhouse
 * Belknap House, Carson City, Nevada
 * Belknap Stone House, Newburgh, New York
 * Belknap Bridge, Oregon

In the military

 * USS Belknap, more than one United States Navy ship
 * Belknap-class cruiser, a class of United States Navy guided missile cruisers built during the 1960s
 * Camp Belknap (military camp), a Mexican–American War camp in Texas
 * Fort Belknap (Texas), built in 1851 to protect the Texas frontier against raids by the Kiowa and Comanche

People

 * Belknap (surname), people with the surname Belknap

Other uses

 * Camp Belknap, a summer camp on Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire
 * Belknap Hardware and Manufacturing Company, a former leading American manufacturer of hardware goods and major wholesaler
 * Belknap Press, an imprint owned by Harvard University Press
 * Belknap Campus, the main campus of the University of Louisville

title: Belknap


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Stanford University Press

Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University. It is one of the oldest academic presses in the United States and the first university press to be established on the West Coast. It is currently a member of the Association of University Presses. The press publishes 130 books per year across the humanities, social sciences, and business, and has more than 3,500 titles in print.

History
David Starr Jordan, the first president of Stanford University, posited four propositions to Leland and Jane Stanford when accepting the post, the last of which stipulated, "That provision be made for the publication of the results of any important research on the part of professors, or advanced students. Such papers may be issued from time to time as 'Memoirs of the Leland Stanford Junior University.'" In 1892, the first work of scholarship to be published under the Stanford name, The Tariff Controversy in the United States, 1789-1833, by Orrin Leslie Elliott, appeared with the designation "No. 1" in the "Leland Stanford Junior University Monographs Series." That same year, student Julius Andrew Quelle established a printing company on campus, publishing the student-run newspaper, the Daily Palo Alto (now the Stanford Daily) and Stanford faculty articles and books. The first use of the imprint "Stanford University Press" was in 1895, with The Story of the Innumerable Company, by President Jordan. In 1915, Quelle hired bookbinder John Borsdamm, who would later draw fellow craftspeople to the press, including master printer and eventual manager Will A. Friend. In 1917, the university bought the printing works, making it a division of Stanford.

In 1925, SUP hired William Hawley Davis, Professor of English, to be the inaugural general editor at the press. In the following year, SUP issued its first catalog, listing seventy-five published books. University President Ray Lyman Wilbur established a Special Committee in 1927 comprising the editor, the press manager, the sales manager, and the comptroller in service of the press, whose "principal object is to serve in the publication of University publications of all sorts and to promote human welfare generally."

The first press director, Donald P. Bean, was appointed in 1945. By the 1950s, the printing plant ranked seventh nationally among university presses with respect to title output. The head book designer in the late 1950s and 1960s was printer and typographer Jack Stauffacher, later an AIGA medalist.

In 1999, the press became a division of the Stanford University Libraries. It moved from its previous location adjacent to the Stanford campus to its current location, in Redwood City, in 2012–13.

Stanford Business Books, an imprint for professional titles in business, launched in 2000, with two publications about Silicon Valley. The press launched the Briefs imprint in 2012, featuring short-form publications across its entire list. With funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, SUP debuted a publishing program for born-digital interactive scholarly works in 2015. That same year, it launched its trade imprint, Redwood Press, with a novel by Bahiyyah Nakhjavani.

In April 2019, the provost of Stanford University announced plans to cease providing funds for the press, drawing widespread criticism. Following protests from Stanford faculty and students, as well as the wider academic and publishing community, the subsidy for the 2019–20 academic year was reinstated, with additional options for future fundraising on the press's part to be discussed.

Redwood Press
Redwood Press publishes books written for a trade audience, spanning a variety of topics, by both academics and non-academic writers.

Stanford Briefs
Stanford Briefs are essay-length works published across SUP's various disciplines.

Stanford Business Books
The Stanford Business Books imprint is home to academic trade books, professional titles, texts for course use, and monographs that explore the social science side of business.

Digital publishing
SUP's digital projects initiative, funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, advances a formal channel for peer review and publication of born-digital scholarly works in the fields of digital humanities and computational social sciences.

Notable series

 * Asian America
 * Cold War International History Project
 * The Collected Poetry of Robinson Jeffers
 * The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche
 * Cultural Lives of the Law
 * Cultural Memory in the Present
 * Innovation and Technology in the World Economy
 * Meridian: Crossing Aesthetics, founded by Werner Hamacher
 * Post*45
 * South Asia in Motion
 * Square One: First-Order Questions in the Humanities
 * Stanford Studies in Comparative Race and Ethnicity
 * Stanford Studies in Human Rights
 * Stanford Studies in Jewish History and Culture
 * Stanford Studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic Societies and Cultures
 * Studies in Asian Security
 * Studies in Social Inequality
 * Studies of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center

Notable publications

 * The Tariff Controversy in the United States, 1789–1833, by Orrin Leslie Elliott
 * The first book published in the Leland Stanford Junior University Monographs series
 * The Story of the Innumerable Company, by David Starr Jordan
 * The first book published with the Stanford University Press imprint
 * Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States, by LeRoy Abrams
 * Between Pacific Tides, by Ed Ricketts and Jack Calvin (1939)
 * The 1948 edition would feature a foreword by John Steinbeck
 * The Art of Falconry, by Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, translated and edited by Casey A. Wood and F. Marjorie Fyfe
 * The Ancient Maya, by Sylvanus Griswold Morley (1946)
 * Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist, by William Walter Greulich and S. Idell Pyle
 * The Complete Essays of Montaigne, translated by Donald M. Frame
 * Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision, by Roberta Wohlstetter (1962)
 * Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915–1949, by Lucien Bianco
 * The Many-Splendored Fishes of Hawaii, by Gar Goodson
 * The Sexual Contract, by Carole Pateman (1988)
 * The Collected Poetry of Robinson Jeffers, 5 vols., edited by Tim Hunt (1988–2002)
 * Stanford University Press would also publish The Collected Letters of Robinson Jeffers, 3 vols., edited by James Karman (2009–15)
 * The Epic of Gilgamesh, translated with an introduction and notes by Maureen Gallery Kovacs (1989)
 * Fiction in the Archives: Pardon Tales and their Tellers in Sixteenth Century France, by Natalie Zemon Davis (1990)
 * A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War, by Melvyn P. Leffler (1992)
 * Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, by Giorgio Agamben (1998)
 * The Life and Times of Pancho Villa, by Friedrich Katz (1998)
 * The Silicon Valley Edge: A Habitat for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, edited by Chong-Moon Lee, William F. Miller, Marguerite Gong Hancock, and Henry S. Rowan (2000)
 * The inaugural title in the Stanford Business Books imprint
 * Dialectic of Enlightenment, by Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno (2002)
 * The Zohar, 12 vols., translated with commentary by Daniel Matt (2003–17)
 * The Physics of Business Growth, edited by Edward Hess and Jeanne Liedtka (2012)
 * The inaugural title in the Stanford Briefs imprint
 * Common Knowledge? An Ethnography of Wikipedia, by Dariusz Jemielniak (2014)
 * The Woman Who Read Too Much, by Bahiyyah Nakhjavani (2015)
 * The inaugural title in the Redwood Press imprint
 * The Burnout Society, by Byung-Chul Han (Briefs, 2015)
 * Enchanting the Desert, by Nicholas Bauch (2016)
 * The inaugural digital project published by supDigital
 * Crook County: Racism and Injustice in America's Largest Criminal Court, by Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve (2016)
 * The Omnibus Homo Sacer, by Giorgio Agamben (2017)

Major awards
Major award won by the press and its publications are as follows:
 * Bancroft Prize (1962): Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision
 * Bancroft Prize (1993): A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War
 * René Welleck Prize, American Comparative Literature Association (1996): The Problem of a Chinese Aesthetic
 * Bryce Wood Book Award, Latin American Studies Association (2000); Albert J. Beveridge Award, American Historical Association (1999): The Life and Times of Pancho Villa
 * Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Comparative Literary Studies, Modern Language Association (2003): The Rhetoric of Romantic Prophecy
 * Gold Medal, California Book Awards, Commonwealth Club of California (2009): Asian American Art: A History, 1850–1970
 * Nautilus Book Award (2010): Companies on a Mission
 * National Jewish Book Award, Jewish Book Council (2010): From Continuity to Contiguity: Toward a New Jewish Literary Thinking
 * National Jewish Book Award in Women's Studies, Jewish Book Council (2010): Memoirs of a Grandmother: Scenes from the Cultural History of the Jews of Russia in the Nineteenth Century, Volume 1
 * Yonatan Shapiro Book Prize, Association of Israel Studies (2011); National Jewish Book Award in Sephardic Culture, Jewish Book Council (2011): Ottoman Brothers: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Early Twentieth-Century Palestine
 * National Jewish Book Award in Sephardic Culture, Jewish Book Council (2014): Sephardi Lives: A Documentary History, 1700–1950
 * National Jewish Book Award in Women's Studies, Jewish Book Council (2014); Fenia and Yaakov Leviant Memorial Prize, Modern Language Association (2015): A Question of Tradition: Women Poets in Yiddish, 1586–1987
 * Prose Award for Excellence in Social Sciences (2017); American Sociological Association Distinguished Scholarly Book Award: Crook County: Racism and Injustice in America's Largest Criminal Court
 * Independent Publisher Book Award (2018): Witnesses of the Unseen: Seven Years in Guantanamo
 * Hayek Book Prize, Manhattan Institute for Policy Research (2018): The High Cost of Good Intentions: A History of U.S. Federal Entitlement Programs
 * Palestine Book Award, Middle East Monitor (2018): Brothers Apart: Palestinian Citizens of Israel and the Arab World
 * Gold in Success/Motivation/Coaching, Axiom Business Book Award (2019): Life Is a Startup: What What Founders Can Teach Us about Making Choices and Managing Change
 * Gold in Autobiography/Memoir III (Personal Struggle/Health Issues), Independent Publisher Book Award: Nisei Naysayer: The Memoir of Militant Japanese American Journalist Jimmie Omura
 * Joseph Levenson Pre-1900 Book Prize, Association for Asian Studies (2019): A World Trimmed with Fur: Wild Things, Pristine Places, and the Natural Fringes of Qing Rule

1933 murder case
In 1933, David Lamson, a sales manager at SUP, was accused of murdering his wife, Allene, at their home on the Stanford campus. Janet Lewis, wife of Stanford poet Yvor Winters, campaigning for Lamson's acquittal, wrote a pamphlet emphasizing the dangers of using circumstantial evidence. Lamson was ultimately released after being tried four times.

title: Stanford University Press


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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University. Its mission is to disseminate scholarship within academia and society at large.

The press was founded by Whitney Darrow, with the financial support of Charles Scribner, as a printing press to serve the Princeton community in 1905. Its distinctive building was constructed in 1911 on William Street in Princeton. Its first book was a new 1912 edition of John Witherspoon's Lectures on Moral Philosophy.

History
Princeton University Press was founded in 1905 by a recent Princeton graduate, Whitney Darrow, with financial support from another Princetonian, Charles Scribner II. Darrow and Scribner purchased the equipment and assumed the operations of two already existing local publishers, that of the Princeton Alumni Weekly and the Princeton Press. The new press printed both local newspapers, university documents, The Daily Princetonian, and later added book publishing to its activities. Beginning as a small, for-profit printer, Princeton University Press was reincorporated as a nonprofit in 1910. Since 1911, the press has been headquartered in a purpose-built gothic-style building designed by Ernest Flagg. The design of press's building, which was named the Scribner Building in 1965, was inspired by the Plantin-Moretus Museum, a printing museum in Antwerp, Belgium. Princeton University Press established a European office, in Woodstock, England, north of Oxford, in 1999, and opened an additional office, in Beijing, in early 2017.

Pulitzers and other major awards
Six books from Princeton University Press have won Pulitzer Prizes:
 * Russia Leaves the War by George F. Kennan (1957)
 * Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War by Bray Hammond (1958)
 * Between War and Peace by Herbert Feis (1961)
 * Washington: Village and Capital by Constance McLaughlin Green (1963)
 * The Greenback Era by Irwin Unger (1965)
 * Machiavelli in Hell by Sebastian de Grazia (1989)

Books from Princeton University Press have also been awarded the Bancroft Prize, the Nautilus Book Award, and the National Book Award.

Papers projects
Multi-volume historical documents projects undertaken by the press include:
 * The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein
 * The Writings of Henry D. Thoreau
 * The Papers of Woodrow Wilson (sixty-nine volumes)
 * The Papers of Thomas Jefferson
 * Kierkegaard's Writings

The Papers of Woodrow Wilson has been called "one of the great editorial achievements in all history."

Bollingen Series
Princeton University Press's Bollingen Series had its beginnings in the Bollingen Foundation, a 1943 project of Paul Mellon's Old Dominion Foundation. From 1945, the foundation had independent status, publishing and providing fellowships and grants in several areas of study, including archaeology, poetry, and psychology. The Bollingen Series was given to the university in 1969.

Sciences

 * Annals of Mathematics Studies (Alice Chang, Phillip A. Griffiths, Assaf Naor, editors; Lillian Pierce, associate editor)
 * Princeton Series in Applied Mathematics (Ingrid Daubechies, Weinan E, Jan Karel Lenstra, Endre Süli, editors)
 * Princeton Series in Astrophysics (David N. Spergel, editor)
 * Princeton Series in Complexity (Simon A. Levin and Steven H. Strogatz, editors)
 * Princeton Series in Evolutionary Biology (H. Allen Orr, editor)
 * Princeton Series in International Economics (Gene M. Grossman, editor)
 * Princeton Science Library

Humanities

 * Princeton Modern Greek Studies

Biology

 * Princeton Field Guides

Selected titles

 * Islamic Revival in British India by Barbara D. Metcalf (1982)
 * The Ulama in Contemporary Islam by The Ulama in Contemporary Islam: Custodians of Change (2002)
 * The Whites of Their Eyes: The Tea Party's Revolution and the Battle over American History, by Jill Lepore (2010)
 * The Meaning of Relativity by Albert Einstein (1922)
 * Atomic Energy for Military Purposes by Henry DeWolf Smyth (1945)
 * How to Solve It by George Polya (1945)
 * The Open Society and Its Enemies by Karl Popper (1945)
 * The Hero With a Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell (1949)
 * The Wilhelm/Baynes translation of the I Ching, Bollingen Series XIX. First copyright 1950, 27th printing 1997.
 * Anatomy of Criticism by Northrop Frye (1957)
 * Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature by Richard Rorty (1979)
 * QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter by Richard Feynman (1985)
 * The Great Contraction 1929–1933 by Milton Friedman and Anna Jacobson Schwartz (1963) with a new Introduction by Peter L. Bernstein (2008)
 * Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle by Stephen Biddle (2004)

title: Princeton University Press


text:
Talk:Delta Delta Delta

Betsy Boze
Please do not add this person again until sources that pass WP:V and WP:RS have been found. I've removed her twice, both times somebody claims that she can be found in the Delta Delta Delta citation (the link is here), that is not true. I cannot find any sources that back up the fact that she's in Delta Delta Delta, so until somebody adds a different citation that can pass both WP:RS and WP:V (which is not an individuals chapter notable page) please do not add her again. Thank you. --ImmortalGoddezz 22:55, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I hope that these help.
 * In the Bonds,
 * "Delta Love"
 * Famous Deltas
 * Tri Delta History —Preceding unsigned comment added by DeltaLove (talk • contribs) 15:32, 12 June 2008

 * Please see my comment above. Individual chapter websites are not reliable sources for content such as this. Since they do not have the reputation for verifying their information as independent newspapers do, and are used for recruitment purposes they cannot be used. I've removed the info once again. --ImmortalGoddezz ( t/c ) 12:53, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

So, maybe I'm a little slow, but ...

AND she was AND then, what, exactly is the problem?
 * Dr. Boze says she was an SMU Tri-Delta / Theta Kappa, and
 * I know for a fact that she was, in fact, a third generation Tri-Delta, and
 * She was president of two (three, I think!) different Tri Delta Alumnae chapters
 * State Reference Chairman (Alaska)
 * President of the local philanthrophy "Wish Upon a Star" (Shreveport, LA)
 * Panhellenic Advisor (LSU Shreveport)
 * Chapter Advisor (U of Arkansas)
 * Two additional collegiate chapters recognize her as outstanding, distinguished, etc.

Can you help me understand, here? Are you questioning that: a) She might not actually be a Tri Delta? Wow, that would be quite the ruse, wouldn't it?  Or B) That she isn't notble or distinguished?

This isn't Tri Delta's web page, so need not reflect only those that national may (or may not) have selected. The titles used aren't even the same! —Preceding unsigned comment added by DeltaLove (talk • contribs) 22:42, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Once again see my comment above. Chapter pages are not reliable sources because they are self published and used for recruitment. If you wish to add her back in provide reliable and verifiable sources. An additional note: 'You said' 'she said' 'we said' 'they said' 'I know' 'they know' etc. are not reliable. Please read up on our guidelines here and here. Thanks. --ImmortalGoddezz ( t/c ) 22:50, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

So, would you like? Her badge number? Copies of the 1972, 1973 or 1974 SMU yearbooks? There is lot's of stuff out there, including national and chapter directories, even printouts from the national office. She is featured in several articles in the Tri Delta magazine, the Trident. These are, indeed reliable and varifiable (more so than, say references to God!) but they aren't online. I disagree that a collegiate web site is necessarily unreliable. They are carefully monitored by the national office for accuracy!

Seriously, though, I can send you a PDF of National Office's zip code roster for the area to your email address if you would like (I can't post it online because of confidentiality). Would that satisfy you? What email would you like it sent to? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.185.71.233 (talk) 00:22, 14 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Anything printed by sorority for in house use is not appropriate to use as a source. If you can find something that has been printed for public consumption (newspaper, magazine, interview, etc) then you can add it, but a PDF of National Office's zip code roster, her badge number, chapter directories, etc. are not an acceptable source; they're not verifiable because they're not available to the public. This is all gone over in verifiability and reliable sources guidelines. --ImmortalGoddezz ( t/c ) 16:01, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

You are being more than a little obsessive and I really don't understand.

As for verifiable, I completely disagree -- Delta Delta Delta national office records ARE the final and ultimate source for verification! While the printout is not available to the public, anyone can call or write (or yes, probably e-mail) the national office and verify her membership. The policy doesn't say that it has to be verifiable ONLINE ONLY. But you seem to think if it isn't online it isn't sufficient for YOU? And even when it is online, it isn't good enough for YOU? Who do you think YOU are, that ONLY YOU can decide if this woman was a Tri Delta? There are college yearbooks from at least three universities (PUBLICLY AVAILABLE and verifiable in libraries), dozens of references in magazines and newspapers (that ARE open to and distributed to the public, but if they are online I don't find them), two collegiate web sites, etc.

I've added another link, which is to her personal Facebook page. I'm sure YOU will consider that irrelevant, too, and I normally wouldn't include it. But I see that a personal web page is good enough as the only reference for a tri delta beauty pagaent runner-up! And even less "verifiability" is required of Chi Omegas and other sororities that cite a yearbook page or nothing at all? I can cite pages, but they won't be links -- is that to YOUR satisfaction? Why the hypocricy/double standard? What is the REAL issue here? —Preceding unsigned comment added by DeltaLove (talk • contribs) 17:54, 14 June 2008 (UTC)
 * The issue is that Facebook and chapter websites do not pass the reliable source policy, as anybody can put whatever they want on facebook, and collegiate websites are notoriously unreliable. The argument that stuff on the Chi Omega page is allowed to stand doesn't apply here, per WP:OTHERCRAPEXISTS.  If you can find a reliable and verifiable source to corroborate this claim, such as the combination of a national distinguished alumnae list with a news article (again, reliable news, not a student paper) that lists her as an alumna, you've got a case.  Otherwise, you're just disrupting.  For examples on how to make a good distinguished alumnae/alumni list, check out List of Alpha Kappa Alpha sisters, List of Alpha Phi Omega members, and List of Alpha Phi Alpha brothersJustinm1978 (talk) 19:30, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Also to note I said as long as it's publically available and within guidelines it can be added in. I've consistently said to look over the guidelines and to add whatever citation is appropriate per those. It does not have to have a website to be on here, I've added plenty of book sources to other lists, but the things you are citing in the article are not reliable, which is why they're removed. Please, once again, look over the guidelines I've continuously linked. --ImmortalGoddezz ( t/c ) 21:09, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

References have been added that should satisy any external standard that yes, Dr. Boze really is and was a Tri Delta. Current links include:

 * 3 different year's Rotunda yearbook pages references showing her as a Tri Delta (Theta Kappa) at Southern Methodist University from 1972-1974

(yes, they may not be the most reliable, but when you take this as a "body of evidence" it is a piece, and we aren't vetting her for the Supreme Court here!)
 * 2 Tri Delta collegiate chapter web pages referencing Dr. Boze as a Tri Delta

 * One of several articles about her that appeared in The Trident, Tri Delta's quarterly magazine (there are several, but can't find old copies and only the last year is on line.)

 * A link to her Tri Delta page. It is password protected, but other Tri Deltas can see and verify it. It too, adds to the "body of evidence." It would not be possible to create the page without verified Tri Delta credentials.

I did not add her Facebook entry back in that had been previously removed, because it seemed trite compared to the above. But it, too, adds to the body of knowledge. So I really hope that this will put this topic to rest, finally.

(You don't need this many references to get in Tri Delta!) :-)

DeltaLove (talk) 12:26, 29 June 2008 (UTC)Delta LoveDeltaLove (talk) 12:26, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

WHAT???!!!??? You approved this addition, ImmortalGoddezz? You didn't even ask for a driver's licence, social security number, Birth Certificate, blood and urine sample, fingerprints, DNA test, or dental records! How can we be sure that a 'Betsy Boze' even exists? I mean, Christ, maybe we should add the 'Bear in the Big Blue House' to the list, after all I have video footage of him! If only Wikipedia had a little more bureaucracy, the world would be a much happier place; am I right, people? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.253.41.9 (talk) 05:57, 9 January 2009 (UTC)
 * WP:DONTBEADICK. If you have a problem with finding a reliable source before adding information into an article then take it up at the WP:RS talk page. --ImmortalGoddezz ( t/c ) 14:38, 9 January 2009 (UTC)

 * This issue is long resolved. The Trident references are sufficient, Ms. Boze has her own article, and her name was long ago added to the list of notable members. Jax MN (talk) 18:09, 9 February 2023 (UTC)

Featured on Saturday Night Live
Delta Delta Delta was shown on a skit on Saturday Night Live. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.239.110.74 (talk) 03:16, 7 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Oh, yes. The sketches with Melanie Hutsell, Siobhan Fallon and Beth Cahill. Maybe I missed this, but there should be some mention of that. -User:DanTD (talk) 00:28, 29 September 2020 (UTC)

Greek Life Recruitment Delta Delta Delta, Delta Epsilon Millikin University
Greek Life Recruitment

General Information- Date: January 25-30 2009 Campus: Millikin University Sorority: Delta Delta Delta, Delta Epsilon City: Decatur, Illinois Final total: 16 women

Recruitment Week-

The week was a very long with many parties. The first night of recruitment was an informational meeting for the woman explaining each chapter and how to dress for the following week. The second night, was the first night that the women got to tour all of the chapters and get to know the women from each chapter. This night was also showing what our chapter has to offer through a skit. Tri Delta’s skit is a thirty-year tradition, of A Chorus Line. We show our sisterhood through acting and singing and being goofy. The third night was our Philanthropy night, where we share all of our experiences in raising money as a national organization to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The hospital and children are very close to our hearts and we were interested in seeing how the women going through recruitment reacted to our Philanthropy. The last night is our Preference night. This night is a very serious an emotional night. We invited back the women that we thought would best represent our chapter and wear our letters in the right way.

Bid Day- By the end of the week Tri Delta ended up giving sixteen bids to sixteen wonderful women. They were mainly freshman women. The members of the chapter prepared all day for our new members to show up at 4PM on Friday afternoon. Paddles were made, cakes were baked, and the house was decorated for them to come. When they arrived to the house we gave them a warm welcome and did a get to know you game and introduced everyone with year in school, major, and a fun fact about them. The night carried on with dinner from La Gondola and a talent show. The talent show was a wonderful way to interact the new members with the active members in funny dancing and singing. We hired a photographer to come and take an all chapter picture with our bid day shirts on and then they also took pictures of each class. Around 10PM we all put our 80’s gear on and went roller-skating as a chapter. We had the entire rink to ourselves and it was a blast. They played all sorts of different music and then we ended the night with our song “American Pie”. Many of the active members introduced the new members to polar pops and we all ended up back at the Tri Delta house and enjoyed a big sleepover filled with movies and dance parties in our living room.

Conclusion- At the end of the week it was a successful recruitment for Delta Delta Delta. We ended up with wonderful ladies. Not only was it a successful recruitment for our chapter, but as a Panhellenic Council overall. Alpha Chi Omega got 14 new members, and Pi Beta Phi got 16 new members. Overall, 44 women received bids from chapters. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Cprochnow (talk • contribs) 22:41, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Delta Delta Delta


text:
Bob Sweikert

Robert Charles "Bob" Sweikert (May 20, 1926 – June 17, 1956) was an American racing driver, best known as the winner of the 1955 Indianapolis 500 and the 1955 National Championship, as well as the 1955 Midwest Sprint car championship - the only driver in history to sweep all three during a single racing season.

Personal life
Robert Charles Schweikart grew up in pre-war Los Angeles. His surname was later changed to Sweikert to avoid anti-German sentiment before WWII. His mother had married his stepfather, an electrician for the state of California, when Bob was an infant. Bob was raised through his early teen years with his older stepbrother, Ed, who enlisted in the US Navy, and then soon died in 1942, at the onset of World War II. That year the family moved briefly to San Francisco, then across the bay to the rural town of Hayward, California. There in high school Bob met his future wife, Dorie.

From age 16 Sweikert worked after school as a mechanic at the local Ford dealership in Hayward. A naturally gifted mechanic, he frequently won street races throughout the East Bay. One of his frequent local competitors on the streets was Ed Elisian, a teenage boy from nearby Oakland, California. A dozen years later, Elisian and Sweikert were engaged in the racing duel that led to Sweikert's fatal crash at Salem Speedway.

In late 1944, Sweikert enrolled in the US Army Air Force, but suffered a severe knee injury while training at Lowry Field in Colorado. With months to heal and the war over, he was honorably discharged in September 1945.

In 1947, Sweikert met his first wife, Marion Edwards, at a party at UCLA. During 1947 Sweikert began mailing monthly accounts of his life to Veda Orr, through April 1956. Karl & Veda Orr built & operated their own race cars. Veda wrote many racing articles.

Sweikert returned to Hayward and opened his own small business, Sweikert Automotive, an automotive repair shop based out of his parents' garage. There over the next couple years, he built his own track roadster. On Memorial Day, May 26, 1947 Sweikert ran his first race for prize money at the Oakland Speedway, and finished second.

Sweikert then quit automotive repair and became a full-time driver. He gained his first racing sponsorship in July 1947, when he became a track roadster race driver for Hubbard Auto Parts of Oakland.

In early 1948, he married Marion Edwards. They had a large family wedding in West L.A. The same year, Sweikert moved up to midget cars, and won his first training race with the Bay Cities Racing Association. He ran seventy-two races that first BCRA season, finishing 14th out of 130 active members in the annual point standings.

In late 1952 his first wife, Marion, started divorce proceedings. Sweikert fought for custody of their young daughter. Sweikert's mother, Grace, often visited Bob's firstborn until Grace died.

In January 1953, Sweikert married his high school sweetheart, divorcee Dorie with her two children, with whom he had recently become reacquainted. They settled in Indiana, to be close to the Speedway where Sweikert hoped to race and win.

Driving career
On February 12, 1949 Sweikert won the first BCRA Indoor Midget Race Track championship, in Oakland, on the new 1/12 mile oval track.

Sweikert's first chance at driving a Sprint car came next in 1949. He drove in northern California that year and later in Los Angeles.

After 1949 Sweikert became close friends with Johnny Boyd of Fresno, California when he met him on the California racing circuit. The two often raced together, and Boyd qualified for entry in the 1955 Indianapolis 500 when Sweikert helped him overcome mechanical handling problems in Boyd's car.

In May 1952, Sweikert ran his first Indianapolis 500. He entered at the 32nd starting position and ran for 77 laps in the McNamara Special car.

On September 12, 1953 Sweikert became the first driver ever to break 100 mi/h on a one-mile (1.6 km) oval track, at the Eastern Speed Dome, Syracuse, New York.

On September 26, 1953 Sweikert won the Hoosier Hundred, at the Indiana State Fairgrounds, a race which is chronicled by many as "the greatest race ever" run.

On September 11, 1954 Sweikert became the first driver ever to average 90 mi/h in a 100 mi race, with his win in the Lutes Truck Parts Special #17 car at the Eastern Speed Dome in Syracuse.

On May 30, 1955 Sweikert won the Indianapolis 500 from the 14th starting position in the Zink Kurtis roadster #6. That car now resides in the Museum at the Indianapolis racetrack. In the winner's circle, Sweikert and Dorie celebrated with singer-actress Dinah Shore.

In September 1955 Sweikert became the only driver in history to win the Indianapolis 500, the AAA big car National Championship, and the Midwest sprint car championship in the same season.

In May 1956, at his final return to the Indianapolis 500, Sweikert began in the 10th starting position and came in for a 6th-place finish, with the team's D-A Lubricant roadster.

World Drivers' Championship career
The AAA/USAC-sanctioned Indianapolis 500 was included in the FIA World Drivers' Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indianapolis during those years were credited with World Drivers' Championship points and participation in addition to those which they received towards the AAA/USAC National Championship.

Sweikert participated in five World Drivers' Championship races at Indianapolis. He won once, and accumulated eight World Drivers' Championship points.

Death
Sweikert's fatal sprint car crash occurred on June 17, 1956, at Salem Speedway. While completing the third lap, Sweikert was running near the outside wall in 4th place, side by side with his past teenage East Bay streets rival, Ed Elisian, in 5th. Coming out of the 4th turn, the two cars started down the straightaway in front of the grandstand. Running close to the wall, Sweikert's right rear wheel clipped a steel beam sticking out onto the track from the wall at the end of the stands. The sprint car flew over the edge of the track, down the embankment, and landed a hundred feet below, where it briefly burst into flames. Sweikert was pronounced dead upon arrival at Washington County Hospital.

He is buried at Lone Tree Cemetery in Fairview, California.

Awards and honors
Sweikert has been inducted into the following halls of fame:
 * Hoosier Auto Racing Fan Club Hall of Fame (1956)
 * Motoring Press Association Hall of Fame (1993)
 * Auto Racing Hall of Fame (1994)
 * National Sprint Car Hall of Fame (1995)
 * Motorsports Hall of Fame of America (2016)
 * West Coast Stock Car/Motorsports Hall of Fame (2019)

title: Bob Sweikert


text:
Bob Veith

Bob Veith (November 1, 1924 – March 29, 2006) was an American racecar driver.

Veith drove in the AAA and USAC Championship Car series, racing from 1955 to 1968 with 63 starts. He finished in the top ten 37 times, with a best finish of 2nd twice, both in 1958.

Veith suffered bruises and abrasions in a practice crash at Daytona International Speedway on March 29, 1959. He was saved by the roll bar when sliding upside down. The accident was caused by the starter shaft, which had been left in the car.

Veith qualified for his first Indianapolis 500 in 1956, finishing 7th that year to win the Rookie of the Year award. After another top 10 finish the next year, he qualified 4th in 1958 but was knocked out of the race in a first lap accident that killed Pat O'Connor. He competed in the 500 eight more times, with his last start coming in 1968.

World Championship career summary
The Indianapolis 500 was part of the FIA World Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indy during those years were credited with World Championship points and participation. Bob Veith participated in 5 World Championship races but scored no World Championship points.

title: Bob Veith


text:
Beriev A-50

The Beriev A-50 (NATO reporting name: Mainstay) is a Soviet-origin airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft that is based on the Ilyushin Il-76 transport plane. Developed to replace the Tupolev Tu-126 "Moss", the A-50 first flew in 1978. Its existence was revealed to the Western Bloc in 1978 by Adolf Tolkachev. It entered service in 1985, with about 40 produced by 1992.

A-50
The mission personnel of the 15-man crew derive data from the large Liana surveillance radar with its antenna in an over-fuselage rotodome, which has a diameter of 9 m Detection range is 650 km for air targets and 300 km for ground targets.

The A-50 can control up to ten fighter aircraft for either air-to-air intercept or air-to-ground attack missions. The A-50 can fly for four hours with a range of 1000 km from its base, at a maximum takeoff weight of 190 MT. The aircraft can be refuelled by Il-78 tankers.

The radar "Vega-M" is designed by MNIIP, Moscow, and produced by NPO Vega. The "Vega-M" can track up to 150 targets simultaneously within 230 km. Large targets, like surface ships, can be tracked at a distance of 400 km.

A-50U
Development work on a modernized version, the A-50U, began in 2003; state tests started on 10 September 2008, using a Russian Air Force A-50 "37 Red" as a prototype. It replaces analog avionics with a new digital avionics suite, made by NPO Vega, that speeds data processing and improves signal tracking and target detection. Crew rest, toilet and galley facilities are also included in the upgrade.

After completing the joint state tests, Beriev delivered the first A-50U to the Russian Air Force. The aircraft, "47 Red", RF-92957, was handed over at Beriev's facility in Taganrog on 31 October 2011. It was accepted by an aircrew serving with the 2457th Aviation Base for Combat Operation of Airborne Early Warning Aircraft (Aviabaza Boevogo Primeneniya Samolyotov Dal'nego Radiolokatsionnogo Obnaruzheniya) at Ivanovo Severny, which is the only base using the A-50 operationally (it operates 16 aircraft). The fourth A-50U, "41 Taganrog", was delivered to the Russian Aerospace Forces on 7 March 2017. The fifth A-50U, "45 Red", was delivered on 6 December 2018. Eight A-50U aircraft have been delivered.

The A-50U upgrade forms the basis of the concept for Beriev A-100 AEW&C. Its configuration will be similar, but with a new Vega Premier active electronically scanned array radar.

It has been announced by Rostec that production of the A-50U will restart in 2024. However, it is likely that production resumption will be delayed for a few years.

In peacetime
The aircraft entered service with the 67th Independent Aviation Squadron, Long-Range Airborne Surveillance (67 OAE DRLO) (в/ч 32457) in 1984 at Siauliai in Lithuania. The unit was redesignated the 144th Independent Regiment DRLO, (в/ч 89449) and then later moved to Pechora Kamenka (often referred to as "Berezovka") in 1998.

There was a detachment (two A-50s and one Il-76) as part of the 192nd Guards Kerch Red Banner Military Transport Aviation Regiment (в/ч 26212), Ukurey Airfield Chita Oblast in Russia from 1985 to 1995. It was formed at the Ulan-Ude (Vostochny) airfield in 1985, and flew to Ukurei in 1988. It was disbanded in 1995 and aircraft transferred to the 144th Independent Regiment. The 18th Independent Aviation Detachment DRLO (two A-50s and 1 Il-76) was established at the Vitebsk-Severny airfield from 1985. In 1993, the detachment was disestablished.

Two aircraft "operated round-the-clock over [the] Black Sea during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm of the Gulf War (1990-1991), monitoring United States Air Force operations from Turkey and keeping a watch for "stray" cruise missiles."

Syrian Civil War
In late December 2015, the A-50 started operations over Syria, flying from Russia, to support Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War.

Russo-Ukrainian War
In December 2018, it was deployed to Crimea.

On 26 February 2023, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Association of Security Forces of Belarus (BYPOL), a partisan group, reported that it had conducted a drone attack and damaged a Russian A-50 at the Machulishchy air base near Minsk, Belarus. The attacked base also hosts MiG-31 fighters used to attack Ukraine. However, satellite imagery of the Machulishchy air base from 28 February showed no significant damage to the sole A-50 located there. The drone operators posted a video of a practice run of the alleged A-50U bombing on YouTube on 2 March 2023, which shows the drone flying into Machulishchy unopposed, then landing on the A-50's rotodome. On 3 March 2023, the drone operators posted a second video showing a drone landing on the domed area on top of the fuselage just forward of the wings followed by a loss of video signal claimed to be due to the actual explosion.

On 17 November 2023, the British Defence Ministry believes that it is "likely" Russian forces are updating their A-50 early warning aircraft in anticipation of the West supplying modern fighter jets such as the F-16. The aircraft may also be integrated with the ground based S-400 missile systems.

Ukrainian forces claimed to have shot down an A-50 over the Sea of Azov on 14 January 2024 while it was on duty in the Kyrylivka area. The A-50 reportedly disappeared from radar and stopped responding to requests from tactical aviation. Later several Western and Ukrainian sources reported that the pilot of a Su-30 aircraft of the Russian Air Force detected the fire and crash of an unidentified aircraft in the area, presumably the A-50. Forbes journalist David Axe cited one analyst who claimed that Ukrainian Air Force first disabled Russian radars across Crimea, causing the Russians to reestablish radar coverage there by moving their A-50 north to near Berdyansk thus within range of a Ukrainian SAM battery. This claimed downing of an A-50 was further claimed to leave the Russian air force with just two serviceable A-50s. , the Kremlin had neither confirmed nor denied the downing of an A-50. Open source analysts later identified that the aircraft lost was A-50U "37 red" of the 610th Center for Combat Use and Retraining of Military Transport Aviation Flight Personnel (610th CBP i PLS), based at Ivanovo Severny.

On 23 February 2024, Ukrainian official sources claimed the downing of a second A-50U aircraft, over Krasnodar Krai, at 18:44 Ukraine local time. Ukrainian armed forces claim to have used a long-range S-200 system to shoot down the A-50 in the evening of 23 February over the Sea of Azov. According to Ukrainian sources, 10 Russians were killed on the plane, including five majors. The aircraft was later identified as A-50U "42 red" of the 610th CBP i PLS. Kyrylo Budanov claimed, as of February 2024, Russia had six operational A-50s.

Also, the Taganrog Beriev Aviation Scientific and Technical Complex where the A-50 are repaired suffered damage overnight from March 8-March 9, 2024, possibly from a Ukrainian drone strike.

Variants

 * A-50 – Original variant
 * A-50M – Updated variant of the A-50 fitted with mid-air refueling
 * A-50U – Updated variant of the A-50M with modern electronics and increased crew comfort
 * llyushin/Beriyev ‘Aircraft 676’ –A single stop-gap telemetry and tracking aircraft
 * llyushin/Beriyev ‘Aircraft 776–A single stop-gap telemetry and tracking aircraft
 * llyushin/Beriyev ‘Aircraft 976' (SKIP)–(Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center) – Il-76-based Range Control and Missile tracking platform initially built to support Raduga Kh-55 cruise missile tests
 * Izdeliye 1076'–A single special-mission aircraft with unknown duties
 * A-50EI – A 2000s export version for the Indian Air Force with Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines and Israeli EL/W-2090 radar

Operators

 * Indian Air Force – 3 in service, 2 on order.
 * No. 50 Squadron IAF
 * No. 50 Squadron IAF
 * Russian Aerospace Forces
 * 2457th Aviation Base (Ivanovo Severny)
 * 144th Independent Regiment Long-Range Airborne Surveillance
 * 144th Independent Regiment Long-Range Airborne Surveillance

Former operators

 * Soviet Air Defence Forces (1984–1992)
 * 144th Independent Regiment Long-Range Airborne Surveillance
 * Russian Air Defence Forces (1992–1998)
 * Russian Air Force, Aerospace Defence Forces etc. from that time
 * Russian Air Defence Forces (1992–1998)
 * Russian Air Force, Aerospace Defence Forces etc. from that time

title: Beriev A-50


text:
Bobby Ball (racing driver)

Robert Kay Ball (August 26, 1925 – February 27, 1954) was an American racecar driver.

Early life
Ball's parents divorced when he was a year old. He was raised by his grandmother, who enrolled him in a military academy as a teenager in an attempt to take his mind off cars and motorcycles.

Racing career
Ball began racing with the Arizona Roadster Association, subsequently switching from roadsters to midgets. He won the Arizona State Midget Association (ASMA) championship in 1949 and 1950. He finished fifth in the 1951 Indianapolis 500 and 32nd in the 1952 Indianapolis 500.

Ball won the AAA Championship race at San Jose in November 1952. On January 4, 1953, he was involved in an accident at Carrell Speedway in Los Angeles which left him with terrible head injuries. He remained in a coma, first at the UCLA Medical Center and then at home in Phoenix, but died 14 months later of an infection.

Bobby Ball Memorial
For many years, one of the two championship races held at Phoenix International Raceway was a memorial race dedicated to Ball. The Bobby Ball Memorial was first run in the fall of 1954 and 1955 as a 100-mile race on dirt, sanctioned by AAA at the Arizona State Fairgrounds. Driver Jack McGrath was killed in an accident during the 1955 race. Starting in 1956, the race was sanctioned by USAC, and continued as a 100-mile contest at the fairgrounds through its 1963 edition. In 1964, the race moved to the newly opened Phoenix International Raceway and was run at a distance of 200 miles. It continued as a 200-mile race through the 1969 edition, then was run at a 150-mile distance starting with the 1970 edition, which was won by Swede Savage. The October 1971 edition was won by A. J. Foyt, after which, the race was renamed through sponsorship from Best Western for its 1972 edition. Bobby Ball naming returned for the 1976–1978 editions, the last of which was title sponsored by Miller High Life.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

title: Bobby Ball (racing driver)


text:
Ngāi Te Rangi

Ngāi Te Rangi or Ngāiterangi is a Māori iwi, based in Tauranga, New Zealand. Its rohe (tribal area) extends to Mayor Island / Tuhua and Bowentown in the north, to the Kaimai Range in the west, south of Te Puke and to Maketu in the east.

Ngāi Te Rangi is part of the Tauranga Moana iwi group, which also includes Ngāti Pūkenga and Ngāti Ranginui. The three iwi all consider Mauao (Mt Maunganui) sacred and share many things in common with one another. Collectively, the iwi are seeking compensation from the New Zealand Government for their losses from the New Zealand Wars but are yet to seek a settlement.

Hapū and marae

 * Ngā Pōtiki hapū is based at Mangatawa Marae and Tamapahore wharenui at Kairua, and at Tahuwhakatiki/Romai marae and Rongomainohorangi wharenui at Welcome Bay. Ngā Pōtiki a Tamapahore Trust governs the hapū separately from the rest of the iwi.
 * Ngāi Tamawhariua hapū is based at Te Rangihouhiri/Oruarahi marae and Te Rangihouhiri wharenui on Matakana Island, and Te Rere a Tukahia marae and Tamawhariua wharenui at Katikati.
 * Ngāi Tauwhao hapū is based at Otāwhiwhi marae and Tamaoho wharenui at Bowentown, and Rangiwaea marae and Te Haka a Te Tupere wharenui on Rangiwaea Island.
 * Ngāi Tukairangi hapū is based at Hungahungatoroa/Whakahinga marea and Tāpuiti wharenui at Matapihi, and Whareroa marae and Rauru ki Tahi wharenui at Mt Maunganui.
 * Ngāti Tauaiti hapū is based at Kutaroa marae and Tauaiti wharenui at Matakana Island, and Opureora marae and Tuwhiwhia wharenui at Matakana Island.
 * Ngāti Tapu hapū is based at Waikari marae and Tapukino wharenui at Matapihi. Ngāti Tapu Hapū Tribal Committee represents the hapū under the Resource Management Act over its areas of interest, at Matapihi and Tauranga City Central Business District. As of 2016 the trust is based in Tauranga nd its chairman is Wiremu Hiamoe.
 * Ngāti He hapū is based at Opopoti marae and Wairakewa wharenui at Maungatapu. Ngāti He Kaitiaki o te Taiao represents the hapū under the Resource Management Act over its areas of interest, at Mt Maunganui, Te Tumu Kaituna and Otanewainuku.
 * Ngāi Tuwhiwhia hapū is based at Opureora marae and Tuwhiwhia wharenui on Matakana Island.
 * Ngāti Kuku hapū (sub-tribe) is based at Whareroa marae and Rauru ki Tahi wharenui at Mt Maunganui.

Governance
Te Runanga o Ngāi Te Rangi Iwi Trust is the mandated iwi organisation for Ngāi Te Rangi under the Māori Fisheries Act, an iwi aquaculture organisation under the Māori Commercial Aquaculture Claims Settlement Act, a Tūhono organisation, and represents Ngāi Te Rangi as an iwi authority under the Resource Management Act. It is a charitable trust, governed by one representative of each of the 11 marae. As of 2016, its chairman is Charlie Tawhiao, its chief executive officer is Brian Dickson, and it is based at Mt Maunganui.

Ngāi Te Rangi Settlement Trust is a governance entity for Ngāi Te Rangi recognised by the New Zealand Government following the iwi's settlement with the Crown on 14 December 2013. It is a common-law trust, governed by one trustee elected from 11 Hapū Community electorates, but not from Ngā Pōtiki. As of 2016, the trust chairman is Charlie Tawhiao, the trust chief executive is Paora Stanley and the trust is based in Tauranga.

Ngā Pōtiki a Tamapahore Trust is a governance entity for Ngā Pōtiki hapū, which has also been recognised by the Government since the iwi's settlement with the Crown. It is also a common-law trust and is governed by five trustees elected by registered members of Ngā Pōtiki. As of 2016, its acting chairperson is Victoria Kingi and it is based in Papamoa.

The iwi has interests in the territories of Bay of Plenty Regional Council, Western Bay of Plenty District Council and Tauranga City Council.

Media
Moana Radio is the radio station of Ngāi Te Rangi and the other Tauranga Moana iwi. It is available on and  in Tauranga and across the Bay of Plenty. Moana previously operated youth-oriented urban contemporary Tahi FM between 2003 and late 2011.

Notable Ngāi Te Rangi

 * Simone Kessell, actress
 * Hōri Ngātai, warrior, farmer and orator
 * Matthew Tukaki, Chairman, the National Maori Authority, Executive Director of the New Zealand Maori Council, Chairman of the Ministry of Children Ministerial Advisory Board
 * Teeks, musician
 * Pene Taka Tuaia, warrior, military engineer and land protester
 * Stan Walker, musician, actor and personality

title: Ngāi Te Rangi


text:
Planar process

The planar process is a manufacturing process used in the semiconductor industry to build individual components of a transistor, and in turn, connect those transistors together. It is the primary process by which silicon integrated circuit chips are built, and it is the most commonly used method of producing junctions during the manufacture of semiconductor devices. The process utilizes the surface passivation and thermal oxidation methods.

The planar process was developed at Fairchild Semiconductor in 1959.

The planar process proved to be one of the most important single advances in semiconductor technology.

Overview
The key concept is to view a circuit in its two-dimensional projection (a plane), thus allowing the use of photographic processing concepts such as film negatives to mask the projection of light exposed chemicals. This allows the use of a series of exposures on a substrate (silicon) to create silicon oxide (insulators) or doped regions (conductors). Together with the use of metallization, and the concepts of p–n junction isolation and surface passivation, it is possible to create circuits on a single silicon crystal slice (a wafer) from a monocrystalline silicon boule.

The process involves the basic procedures of silicon dioxide (SiO2) oxidation, SiO2 etching and heat diffusion. The final steps involves oxidizing the entire wafer with an SiO2 layer, etching contact vias to the transistors, and depositing a covering metal layer over the oxide, thus connecting the transistors without manually wiring them together.

Development
At a 1958 Electrochemical Society meeting, Mohamed Atalla presented a paper about the surface passivation of PN junctions by thermal oxidation, based on his 1957 BTL memos.

Swiss engineer Jean Hoerni (one of the "traitorous eight") attended the same 1958 meeting, and was intrigued by Atalla's presentation. Hoerni came up with the "planar idea" one morning while thinking about Atalla's device. Taking advantage of silicon dioxide's passivating effect on the silicon surface, Hoerni proposed to make transistors that were protected by a layer of silicon dioxide. This led to the first successful product implementation of the Atalla silicon transistor passivation technique by thermal oxide.

Jean Hoerni, while working at Fairchild Semiconductor, had first patented the planar process in 1959.

Together with the use of metallization (to join together the integrated circuits), and the concept of p–n junction isolation (from Kurt Lehovec), the researchers at Fairchild were able to create circuits on a single silicon crystal slice (a wafer) from a monocrystalline silicon boule.

In 1959, Robert Noyce built on Hoerni's work with his conception of an integrated circuit (IC), which added a layer of metal to the top of Hoerni's basic structure to connect different components, such as transistors, capacitors, or resistors, located on the same piece of silicon. The planar process provided a powerful way of implementing an integrated circuit that was superior to earlier conceptions of the integrated circuit. Noyce's invention was the first monolithic IC chip.

Early versions of the planar process used a photolithography process using near-ultraviolet light from a mercury vapor lamp. As of 2011, small features are typically made with 193 nm "deep" UV lithography. As of 2022, the ASML NXE platform uses 13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light, generated by a tin-based plasma source, as part of the extreme ultraviolet lithography process.

title: Planar process


text:
User talk:Pwelleman

Hey there, I've just noticed that you've been uploading some of your artwork to wikipedia. Just FYI, wikipedia asks that you place copyright tags on any images that you upload. I don't know what licence you plan on using, but I would advise looking the common ones over and choosing one. Also, the appropriate place to attribute your images is on the image page, not in the caption. Thanks for taking the time to do the copyright tags, keeping wikipedia on safe ground as far as intellectual property goes is a monumental task. Also, compliments on your artwork, I checked out your site and it was very interesting. -Lommer 08:18, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Peter Welleman
Hi. Thanks for working on Wikipedia. We're concerned that the page Peter Welleman may not be on an encyclopedic topic. Please read Auto-biography and Vanity page and consider whether Peter Welleman is a topic of interest for a general encyclopedia. If you decide that it isn't, just blank the page and put the  note there. Please note - any Wikipedia user can decide to initiate voting for deletion about the page, which may be lenghty process including various comments about the notability of the subject. -- [[User:Solitude|Solitude\talk]] 09:03, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Hi. I like your nifty illustrations and cartoons! Alas, many of them don't have copyright status noted, and some have been listed on Possibly unfree images. If we don't get info on if your are licincing them as GFDL or some other status we can use (see Images) they may be deleted, which would be a shame. Thanks for your attention to this. Cheers, -- Infrogmation 06:22, 5 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Image:Steamer.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:Steamer.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in its not being deleted. Thank you. —MetsBot 19:00, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Hydrofoil.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Hydrofoil.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Nacon Kantari  e |t||c|m 20:59, 11 February 2006 (UTC)

Image:Skyrocket.jpg
Hello Pwelleman, an automated process has found an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, such as fair use. The image (Image:Skyrocket.jpg) was found at the following location: User:Pwelleman. This image or media will be removed per statement number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media will be replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. The image that was replaced will not be automatically deleted, but it could be deleted at a later date. Articles using the same image should not be affected by my edits. I ask you to please not readd the image to your userpage and could consider finding a replacement image licensed under either the Creative Commons or GFDL license or released to the public domain. Thanks for your attention and cooperation. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 18:44, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
I just noticed your additions to the article on Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Although the information is authentic, it would be nice if you could provide a citation for it! Thanks! Prashanthns (talk) 10:07, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Okay I'll try to find the citations. Peter Welleman

Tea Party
I suggest you remove your Self Published work from the Tea Party Movement article. Arzel (talk) 15:39, 3 August 2011 (UTC)
 * you have also violated the one revert rule by re-adding the cartoon. personally i think it is hilarious and shows a real talent for art.  Darkstar1st (talk) 15:51, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I agree it is pretty funny and artistic. Arzel (talk) 15:53, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

Okay, I will try to come up with a more non partisan cartoon to illustrate the movement. Pwelleman 16:49, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

 * It doesn't matter what kind of cartoon you come up with, you can't include your own unpublished work. Especially that which conveys some message.  Arzel (talk) 18:39, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

I don't get it, it needs to be published? Or the fact that is created by me is a show stopper? Pwelleman 6 August 2011 (UTC)

 * Basically stated, Wikipedia is not an originator of original thought and falls under Original Research. Everything included must be sourced to a reliable third party source.  There are some things which are created by WP editors which do not break these rules, such as creating a table or graph from an existing source, but even then the creation must not present a new idea or thought.  If your work is published in a reliable source then it could be potentially included, however there are issues there as well.  Since you would be the creator of the information you would have a Conflict of Interest.  We are all obviously biased towards our own work, so even then you would be unable to include your own published work.  There are other issues as well, like Undue Weight which would also apply.  Such that even if your work was published and included by another editor it would still have to pass weight concerns.  Hope this helps your understanding.  Arzel (talk) 20:11, 6 August 2011 (UTC)

Hmmm... okay I see now. Thanks for the answer. Pwelleman 6 August 2011

File:Maglev.JPG listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Maglev.JPG, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. MGA73 (talk) 16:05, 4 June 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pwelleman


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jerry Aucoin

Jerry Aucoin
Lost VfD nomination. Readded December 18, 2004. -- Cyrius|✎ 23:36, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I nominated this page for deletion. It looks to me like a vanity page. I did a google search and didn't find any information about a Jerry Aucoin that would warrant a wikipedia entry, and the user who created this page has put this name in the famous births for his birth year after reverts. Phil179 08:20, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Ditto what Phil179 said. I see no evidence that it's anything other than a vanity page. *** Ponder 19:28, 2004 Dec 7 (UTC)
 * Delete - vanity. -- Cyrius|✎ 23:36, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete as prank. Wyss 00:25, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * del Mikkalai 02:36, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Prank/hoax like related Carpenter wells 411; delete, could be speedied. Samaritan 08:58, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Sooty

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions.

You might find these pages useful:

 * How to edit a page

 * How to write a great article

 * Article naming conventions

 * Wikipedia's Manual of Style

You can always experiment in the sandbox.

If you like, you can introduce yourself at the new user log, or write something about yourself on your user page.

If you upload images or other files make sure you give them a meaningful and descriptive name, for example "Sheffield Arena.JPG" would have been much better than "PICT0005.JPG". Copyright tags are also important, see Special:Upload for instructions.

One more thing: if you leave a note on any kind of discussion page it's always helpful to sign your post with four tildes ( ~ ), which is automatically converted to your username and the date and time. Don't do this in articles themselves though as they are not 'owned' by any particular contributor.

If you have any questions, see help, leave a question at the help desk, or feel free to drop me a line on my talk page.

Thanks again and happy editing!

— Trilobite (Talk) 08:21, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sooty


text:
Talk:Bishop (Latter Day Saints)

Wards
Were wards first invented at Winter Quarters? If so does the concept of a bishop of a ward pre-date the death of Joseph Smith and the subsequent leadership crisis? Bottom line, is the LDS Church concept of a bishop the same as the other groups that arose at the death of Joseph Smith? Tom - Talk 08:21, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * Wards and Stakes existed since the early days of the Church. If you look at the latest copy of the Deseret Morning News Church Almanac, in the back it gives a listing of statistical summaries from the beginning of the tenure of a Church President until his death. When the Church was organized, there were initially no wards or stakes, but by the death of Joseph Smith, there were a few of each. Hope that helps, and sorry no one answered your question earlier. --Jgstokes-We can disagree without being disagreeable (talk) 20:31, 2 May 2008 (UTC)

High Priests and Bishops
The Priesthood article implies that (non-Levite?) Bishops must be High Priests; this article implies this is merely usual. Can anyone clarify? Alai 19:45, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * To expand on my confusion: "serve as the presiding High Priest of the ward".  But High Priest is a separate office, and furthermore of the 'other' branch of the priesthood.  Or am I confusing the leadership calling and the Melchizedek priesthood office, if those are distinct?  Is it usual, or indeed mandatory, to be ordained as high priest before becoming bishop?  (Twin track approach, as it were?)  Alai 03:16, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The Priesthood article is correct - non-Levite Bishops must hold the Melchizedek Priesthood and hold the office of High Priest (which they are ordained to before being set-apart as the Bishop if they are not already a High Priest). I will try to think of a better way to word it. This is one of the confusing things about the calling of Bishop because it really is like two roles in the same person - the "presiding officer" of the ward - requiring to be a high priest, and the office in the Aaronic Priesthood (which only a levite or a High Priest can be called to). Correct me if I am wrong here. Trödel| talk 13:02, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Your wording seems fine; perfectly clear now.  The Levitical exception makes it seem less odd in historical terms -- I was wondering about that.  Alai 15:57, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Basically, the office of Bishop is made out of the old Aaronic Priesthood, which the Levites held. If someone who is not a descendant of Aaron is to hold the office of Bishop, he must ordained a High Priest. If someone claims to be a descendant of Aaron, that claim must be substantiated by the President of The Church for him to become a Bishop without being ordained a high priest. It is not likely that that has ever happened since the church was organized.Isaac Crumm 05:45, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Changes
I left out of my "overhaul" a section on Relationships which I envision as explaining the relationship to to stake presidents, EQ presidents, HP group leaders, auxillary presidencies, PEC, etc. Although the EQ Pres and HQ Group Leader are not "called" by the Bishop most Stake Pres honor the recommendations made by the Bishop and the Bishop manages the resources of the EQ Pres and the HP Group Leader in PEC an other council meetings. Etc. Trödel| talk 02:43, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Trödel --- This is beautiful work. An excellent and extremely helpful expansion of the article.  (Now all we need is bishops in other Latter Day Saint movement denominations.) --John Hamer 15:01, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks alot! Trödel| talk 00:45, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Father of the ward
The article says the bishop is often called the "father of the ward" ... As an active Latter-day Saint, I've NEVER heard this before. If others agree, I would suggest dropping this verbage and retaining the following information because it is accurate. Particularly, the change would be "The Bishop is the priesthood leader that is most intimately involved ...." 209.40.69.13 20:57, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I removed this at this suggestion since it is disputed and has no cites; however, in just a few moments on google I found a few:
 * http://www.lds.org/newsroom/showpackage/0,15367,3899-1--45-2-512,00.html
 * http://www.lds.org/conference/talk/display/0,5232,23-1-19-24,00.html
 * http://www.lds.org/conference/talk/display/0,5232,23-1-401-19,00.html
 * http://www.lds.org/conference/talk/display/0,5232,23-1-19-22,00.html
 * with the last two references being talks by the prophet (in 1999 and 2003) in which he refers to the bishop as the father of the ward - so I am going to revert myself. Trödel  22:46, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Merge proposal
The material at Bishopric (LDS Church) seems like it could fairly easily be merged into the section about bishops in the LDS Church. If the bishopric is the bishop plus his counselors and the counselors pretty much do what the bishop asks them to do, then would probably be helpful to have all the information together. Good Ol’factory (talk) 01:33, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
 * This wasn't attracting any discussion, so I went ahead and performed the merge, which really only resulted in redirecting Bishopric (LDS Church) to this article. If anyone else disagrees and wants to reopen this issue, feel free as I don't intend my opinion only to be the "final word" on the issue. Good Ol’factory (talk) 06:27, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

History or changes over time?
It would be helpful to see how the Bishop role has changed over time. For example, early in the LDS church, the Bishop was actually supported out of the Bishop's Storehouse rather than being supported by a separate vocation. This implies that the Bishop has not always been a lay role, but compensated for the time spent managing the church. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 158.28.225.230 (talk • contribs)

LDS Aaronic Bishop (aka Levitical Bishop)
"According to Latter-day Saint scripture, a bishop in the church does not need to be a high priest nor does he need counselors if he is a Levite and a direct descendant of Aaron, the brother of Moses.[2] In the LDS Church, it is rare for a bishop to be selected under this doctrine." Rare? I have never heard of a single person who has ever held the office of bishop as a lone Aaronic Bishop (also known as a Levitical Bishop). My understanding is that this office in the LDS Church is treated much like the same office in the Community of Christ in that nobody has yet been called to act alone as an Aaronic Bishop, but is always a high priest who has the authority to officiate as, and is specifically called to be, a bishop within a three-person bishopric. If there has ever been an Aaronic bishop serving alone in this capacity in the LDS Church, I would be very interested to find out who that person was and when and where he served. I would also be interested to find out if there have been any other Aaronic bishops serving in any of the other denominations in the Latter Day Saint Movement. --Champaign (talk) 23:44, 10 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I have heard rumours before, but nothing more. Certainly there is nothing in reliable sources about it having happened. But I also don't think there's a reliable source that says it has never happened. So without a discourse on how there are no sources on this one way or the other, "rare" might be the safest description? Good Ol’factory (talk) 04:23, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
 * President Joseph Fielding Smith has perhaps elaborated further on this topic than anyone else. Interesting to read his quotes here - (scroll down to "D&C 68:15–21. Under What Conditions Can a Literal Descendant of Aaron Be a Bishop without Counselors?") - http://www.lds.org/manual/doctrine-and-covenants-student-manual/section-60-68/section-68-scripture-is-the-will-mind-word-voice-and-power-of-god-unto-salvation?lang=eng Hooson (talk) 14:46, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Bishopric counselors
There has been some back-and-forth editing of the "fact" that bishopric counselors must be high priests. Here's my feedback on the issue. In almost every bishopric I have encountered, if the counselors were not already high priests at the time of their call, they are ordained high priests prior to being set apart as a member of the bishopric. I have no chapter and verse on this, just my own experience. I don't have access to the handbook section about bishoprics. But I was able to find this quote from the Journal of Discourses: "[T]he Bishop's counselors, if not already ordained to the High Priesthood, should be, and then set apart to act in their capacity as First or Second Counselors to the Bishop." (Journal of Discourses, Volume 19, p. 53) Now, whether the High Priesthood in this instance refers to those who are actually ordained High Priests or merely indicates that counselors to a bishop should be Melchizedek Priesthood holders, is, I suppose, a matter of personal interpretation. I looked in the gospel reference guide, True to the Faith for more on this subject, but came up empty. So I have altered the wording again, but so as not to start an edit war, I thought I'd post here first and invite discussion on this. Thoughts? --Jgstokes (talk) 06:49, 14 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Handbook 2, Section 7.1.1: "Brethren are ordained high priests when they are called to a stake presidency, high council, or bishopric or when otherwise determined by the stake president." As noted elsewhere, a bishopric consists of the bishop and his counselors. Bahooka (talk) 13:35, 14 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Section 7.1.1, quoted above, is the default situation. Exceptions are made (ie, the counselors are not ordained as high priests) per Handbook 1, section 9.1.6: "Counselors to bishops of young single adult wards in conventional stakes must be high priests. Counselors to bishops of young single adult wards in young single adult stakes may be high priests or elders." And 9.1.7: "As an exception, bishops' counselors in wards that are in young single adult stakes do not need to be ordained high priests." Good Ol’factory (talk) 23:17, 14 September 2015 (UTC)

Thanks for those quotes from the handbook. With those quotes in mind, should we edit the article further to clarify what I feel is an important point? --Jgstokes (talk) 06:34, 15 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I think it's fine how it is now—just stating that there is an exception to the rule that applies to singles wards. I'm not sure if the "YSA ward in a YSA stake" specificity in necessary to set out explicitly. It is an exception that has changed over time. (Previously, it was counselors in any YSA ward that could be elders.) Good Ol’factory (talk) 08:55, 15 September 2015 (UTC)

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What is the difference?
What is the difference of Mormons, INC, Born Alive, and followers of Quiboloy, and followers of Mohammed, Seventh day Adventist, Bible Baptist, Christian Religion, Protestant Reformation? 49.145.172.97 (talk) 17:33, 22 February 2024 (UTC)

Split
I propose that the section on Bishops within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints be separated into its own distinct article. Given that this section is the longest part of the current article and addresses a notable aspect of the Church, creating a standalone article would allow for a more detailed exploration and better organization of the content. LuxembourgLover (talk) 18:44, 5 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bishop (Latter Day Saints)


text:
Gerstenslager

The Gerstenslager Company was a maker of past model body panels for several major auto makers. In the 1950s the company was best known for making large custom vehicles such as bookmobiles, canteens and mobile television units.

History
The company started in 1860 as a carriage factory known as the Wehe Company in Marshallville, Ohio. In 1882 blacksmith George Gerstenslager went to work for the company, and by 1904 was the owner and eponym. In 1907, the company moved to Wooster, Ohio. In the early 1920s, Gerstenslager changed from production of buggies, surreys and wagons to van bodies and special truck bodies.

After World War II, Gerstenslager began producing custom-built mobile units such as Bookmobiles, fire rescue vehicles, dental units, canteens, mobile X-ray units, mobile hospitals, as well as mobile television units used by the major networks. The company also built vehicles for the United States Postal Service. In the early 1950s, Gerstenslager designed five Wienermobiles for the Oscar Mayer hot dog producer. In the 1960s, the company expanded to make parts for the automotive, truck and agricultural industries.

After expanding their sheet metal stamping capabilities in support of the custom truck division, the stamping division continued to grow through partnerships with most major automotive manufacturers to make aftermarket parts. In later years the stamping division became the larger part of the company and the custom truck division was shut down in 1986 so the company could focus all resources to the stamping division.

In 1997, Gerstenslager was acquired by Worthington Industries of Columbus, Ohio. In 2011, Worthington merged Gerstenslager into International Tooling Solutions to form ArtiFlex Manufacturing; Worthington remains a part-owner of ArtiFlex.

title: Gerstenslager


text: User talk:68.84.63.136

title: User talk:68.84.63.136