text:
Meropenem

Meropenem, sold under the brand name Merrem among others, is an intravenous carbapenem antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Some of these include meningitis, intra-abdominal infection, pneumonia, sepsis, and anthrax.

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, constipation, headache, rash, and pain at the site of injection. Serious side effects include Clostridioides difficile infection, seizures, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Those who are allergic to other β-lactam antibiotics are more likely to be allergic to meropenem as well. Use in pregnancy appears to be safe. It is in the carbapenem family of medications. Meropenem usually results in bacterial death through blocking their ability to make a cell wall. It is more resistant to breakdown by β-lactamase producing bacteria.

Meropenem was patented in 1983. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The World Health Organization classifies meropenem as critically important for human medicine.

Medical uses
The spectrum of action includes many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (including Pseudomonas) and anaerobic bacteria. The overall spectrum is similar to that of imipenem, although meropenem is more active against Enterobacteriaceae and less active against Gram-positive bacteria. It works against extended-spectrum β-lactamases, but may be more susceptible to metallo-β-lactamases. Meropenem is frequently given in the treatment of febrile neutropenia. This condition frequently occurs in patients with hematological malignancies and cancer patients receiving anticancer drugs that suppress bone marrow formation. It is approved for complicated skin and skin structure infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections and bacterial meningitis.

In 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for the combination of meropenem and vaborbactam to treat adults with complicated urinary tract infections.

Administration
Meropenem is administered intravenously as an aqueous solution. Meropenem is stored in vials as white crystalline powder (containing meropenem as the trihydrate blended with anhydrous sodium carbonate). For intravenous administration, the powder is dissolved in 5% monobasic potassium phosphate solution, since meropenem is soluble in 5% monobasic potassium phosphate solution and only sparingly soluble in water. For intravenous bolus administration, injection vials are reconstituted with sterile water for injection.

Reconstituted (dissolved) meropenem degrades over time. The degradation may be associated with color change of the solution, typical for a hydrolysis of the amide bond of the β-lactam ring as seen with most β-lactam antibiotics, while particularly for merapenem the color is changing from colorless or pale yellow to vivid yellowish. Upon reconstitution, the merapenem infusion solution, prepared with 0.9% sodium chloride, exhibits both chemical and physical stability for a duration of 3 hours at a temperature up to °C. If refrigerated (°C), the stability extends to 24 hours. However, when the product is reconstituted in a 5% dextrose solution, it is used immediately to ensure its efficacy. The degradation of meropenem in a water-based solution is affected by factors such as pH, temperature, initial concentration, and the specific type of infusion solution used. Meropenem solutions should not be frozen.

Meropenem is administered every 8 hours.

Dosing must be adjusted for altered kidney function and for haemofiltration.

Studies recomment application of meropenem therapeutic drug monitoring for optimal application.

As with other β-lactams antibiotics, the effectiveness of treatment depends on the amount of time during the dosing interval that the meropenem concentration is above the minimum inhibitory concentration for the bacteria causing the infection. For β-lactams, including meropenem, prolonged intravenous administration is associated with lower mortality than bolus intravenous infusion in persons with whose infections are severe, or caused by bacteria that are less sensitive to meropenem, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Meropenem exhibit poor permeability across the gut and low oral bioavailability because of its hydrophilic properties, which inhibit its passive diffusion across the intestinal epithelium. The challenges related to research of oral delivery of meropenem are related to high susceptibility of meropenem to degradation through hydrolysis of the amide bond in the β-lactam ring, even at relatively low temperatures and humidity. This instability can result in the loss of meropenem's antibacterial activity. Besides that, neropenem is unstable in the acidic environment of the stomach, leading to extensive degradation and loss of the drug after oral administration. In addition, intestinal efflux (secretory) transport can pump the drug back into the gut: efflux transporters, particularly P-glycoprotein (P-gp), present in the gastrointestinal tract can actively pump meropenem back into the gut lumen, limiting its absorption and reducing oral bioavailability; in the attempts of oral administration bacteria can develop resistance to meropenem by enhancing the active efflux of the antibiotic through efflux transporters, such as the MexAB-OprM tripartite efflux system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. That's why meropenem is administered intravenously.

There is insufficient data regarding the administration of meropenem during breastfeeding. However, it has been observed that, in general, the concentration of this beta-lactam antibiotic in breast milk is relatively low, therefore, beta-lactam antibiotics are not anticipated to induce detrimental effects in infants who are breastfed. Nonetheless, there have been sporadic reports of disturbances in the gastrointestinal flora of the infant, manifesting as diarrhea or oral candidiasis (thrush), associated with the use of beta-lactam antibiotics, however, these potential side effects have not been thoroughly investigated specifically in the context of meropenem use, therefore, the safety profile of meropenem in breastfeeding mothers and their infants is unknown.

Although merapenem is not approved for intramuscular or subcutaneous routes of administration in humans, there were studies that evaluated the drug bioavailability in cats and reported biovailablity of 99.69% for intramuscular route and 96.52 % for subcutaneous route of administration; these studies also compared elimination half-lives for intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous routes of administration in cats and reported duration of 1.35, 2.10 and 2.26 hours, respectively. There was also a small study on local tolerance of meropenem intramuscrular administration in humans, and it was reported as generally good.

Side effects
The most common adverse effects are diarrhea (4.8%), nausea and vomiting (3.6%), injection-site inflammation (2.4%), headache (2.3%), rash (1.9%) and thrombophlebitis (0.9%). Many of these adverse effects were observed in severely ill individuals already taking many medications including vancomycin. Meropenem has a reduced potential for seizures in comparison with imipenem. Several cases of severe hypokalemia have been reported.

Interactions
Meropenem rapidly reduces serum concentrations of valproic acid. As a result, people who use valproic acid for epilepsy are at increased risk of seizures during treatment with meropenem. In situations where the use of meropenem cannot be avoided, prescription of an additional anticonvulsant should be considered.

Mechanism of action
Meropenem is bactericidal except against Listeria monocytogenes, where it is bacteriostatic. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis like other β-lactam antibiotics. In contrast to other beta-lactams, it is highly resistant to degradation by β-lactamases or cephalosporinases. In general, resistance arises due to mutations in penicillin-binding proteins, production of metallo-β-lactamases, or resistance to diffusion across the bacterial outer membrane. Unlike imipenem, it is stable to dehydropeptidase-1, so can be given without cilastatin.

In 2016, a synthetic peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO) was found to inhibit the expression of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase, an enzyme that many drug-resistant bacteria use to destroy carbapenems.

While β-lactam ring in meropenem is more accessible to water molecules than in the other β-lactam antibiotics, that facilitates the hydrolysis process and faster degradation of meropenem's antibacterial properties in aqueous solutions, it is more resistant to degradation by β-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria than the other β-lactam antibiotics.

Research directions
Nebulized meropenem (inhaled route) is researched, but is not approved, for prevention of bronchiectasis exacerbation.

title: Meropenem


text:
Talk:Little Tokyo, Los Angeles

Naming
I've lived in LA my whole life. I've never once heard it referred to as nihonmachi or Japantown. Little Tokyo is a Japantown and it is a nihonmachi, but it doesn't take on those names. Ironically, J-Town is used, but not as much as Little Tokyo or Lil'Tokyo.

I'm re-adding Shotokyo, since a Japanese speaker might refer to it as that, though it is English Wikipedia. falsedef 00:23, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

reorg
I just added a bunch to this article, but I need to come back and better organize it. I would also like to find some more external links to add.

I removed the following because I found some conflicting info:

 * "The area has its roots in a restaurant that was opened by a ex-seaman called Kame, near San Pedro and 1st streets. "

from http://www.asianweek.com/051096/LittleTokyo.html

 * "In 1885, the first Japanese-owned business-ironically an American-style restaurant-opened on Los Angeles Street, modern-day Little Tokyo’s westernmost border. At that time there were only about two dozen Japanese living in Los Angeles-all men. "

I am also thinking of removing the "bronzeville" (twice misspelled!) info unless I or someone else can find some documentation. gK [[User talk:GK|¿?]] 17:40, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I was born in Los Angeles and am a (Gosei) fifh generation Japanese American, but my Japan-born grandmother and many other first generation (Issei) frequently referred to J-Town as "nihonjin-machi" litterally translated as "Japanese-people's Street." While this differs slightly from "Nihon Machi" the meaning is semantically the same. BTW: I did see a photograph in the 2011 JACC calendar that referenced "Bronzetown" and showed a photograph of a black-owned pool-hall at the site on first st. where the current Mitsuru Cafe now exists. Also Fukui Mortuary, still on Temple St., was a black-owned boarding house during the years of internment according to the Fukui Family who still owns and operates the mortuary. -STEVE — Preceding unsigned comment added by 100.43.243.242 (talk) 00:08, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

Merge
I just found the stub Japantown, Los Angeles. There doesn't look like much that is worth importing, but that should be done and then the article should be turned into a redirect. gK [[User talk:GK|¿?]] 14:13, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Religion in Little Tokyo should also include the Maryknoll Japanese Catholic Mission, home of the St. Francis Xavier Catholic Chapel, former Maryknoll School operated for many years by the Maryknoll Fathers, Brothers and Sisters. Located on Hewitt Street, two blocks east from Alameda, the Japanese Catholic Center is the center of Catholic community in Little Tokyo. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.230.90.137 (talk) 13:30, 7 September 2008 (UTC)

Japantown? & karaoke?
Has anyone ever heard of LA's Little Tokyo at Japantown or J-Town? Also why is karioke listed as the first example for what you can find in Little Tokyo. As far as I know there are only two or three. There was a bunch stuff in the merged Japantown, Los Angeles article that sounded to me more like what someone expected to find in Little Tokyo rather than from any visit to Little Tokyo. gK [[User talk:GK|¿?]] 09:06, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * You more likely here the term "Little Tokyo" rather than "Japantown" -- AllyUnion (talk) 02:39, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I lived in LA for years and I've never heard it called anything other than Little Tokyo. The library branch (a picture of which I've added) also uses Little Tokyo.  --Bobak 18:40, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Names
As an english speaking japanese family living in LA, I could give some history on the names although I have no sources to cite.

Little Tokyo - This is the official name, it appears on city flyers and banners and such.

J-Town - Probably the most common nickname for it, my family and other families we know have always reffered to it by this name.

Japan Town - This was a name mistakenly given by people who related it to the nearby "China Town". They simply replaced "China" with "Japan" in order to get the same effect since they probably didn't know the name of the city. I've personally heard this name several times, mostly by friends who had only ever been there once if at all.

Ninjacheese 17:55, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

 * "J-Town" is a common nickname for Los Angeles' Little Tokyo. Been that way for many years. I don't have it handy, but Mike Murase's book on 100 years of Little Tokyo (don't have the title handy, either) would be a likely reference. -- Gmatsuda 20:21, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Harbor City, Los Angeles, California which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RM bot 19:31, 24 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Interested editors can also comment at Talk:Los Angeles Purplebackpack89  (Notes Taken)  (Locker) 22:39, 28 April 2010 (UTC)

Need for additional citations
Most of this article is unreferenced, which means much of the information in it does not meet Wikipedia's policy of verifiability. As such, the refimprove template should not be removed until it does. -- Gmatsuda (talk) 07:14, 9 October 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Little Tokyo, Los Angeles. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101213025540/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1961&ResourceType=District to http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1961&ResourceType=District
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140330154850/http://www.asahigakuen.com/main_office.html to http://www.asahigakuen.com/main_office.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131714041000/http://www.kcet.org/socal/departures/little-tokyo/arrival-story-hirokazu-kosaka.html to http://www.kcet.org/socal/departures/little-tokyo/arrival-story-hirokazu-kosaka.html
 * Added tag to http://www.littletokyounplugged.org/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061108234641/http://www.visitlittletokyo.com/bid.html to http://www.visitlittletokyo.com/bid.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:47, 21 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Little Tokyo, Los Angeles. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Replaced archive link x with https://web.archive.org/web/20131714041000/http://www.kcet.org/socal/departures/little-tokyo/arrival-story-hirokazu-kosaka.html on http://www.kcet.org/socal/departures/little-tokyo/arrival-story-hirokazu-kosaka.html
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130415042429/http://www.janet.org/janet_little_tokyo/ja_little_tokyo.html to http://www.janet.org/janet_little_tokyo/ja_little_tokyo.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:51, 3 January 2018 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Asian American History
— Assignment last updated by AAHistoryLD (talk) 06:24, 15 October 2023 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Writing 1 TR Both Classes
— Assignment last updated by Missmarcjacobs (talk) 17:58, 14 November 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Little Tokyo, Los Angeles


text:
Merrem

Merrem may refer to:
 * Meropenem, an antibiotic initially marketed under the trade name Merrem
 * Blasius Merrem (1761–1824), German naturalist, zoologist, ornithologist, mathematician, and herpetologist

title: Merrem


text:
Skärholmen (borough)

Skärholmen is a borough (stadsdelsområde) of Söderort in the southern part of Stockholm.

Overview
It is primarily made up of Skärholmen parish. The districts that make up the borough are Bredäng, Skärholmen, Sätra and Vårberg. The population is 33,662 on an area of 8.86 km², which gives a density of 3,800/km².

title: Skärholmen (borough)


text:
Heoroweard

Heoroweard is a character who appears in Beowulf and also in Norse legends, where he is named Hjörvarðr or Hiartuar. If he existed in real life, his name would have been Proto-Norse *Heruwarduz.

In the Norse sources, Hereoweard rebelled against Hroðulf/Hrólf Kraki and killed him, but otherwise the sources vary greatly. This is an account of the differences:

In the paraphrase of Bjarkamál in the Gesta Danorum of Saxo Grammaticus, his army consisted of Swedes in one line and of Geats in another line. This information does not appear in any other sources.

Several sources mention that he was married to Skuld, who according to Angrim's summary of the lost Skjöldunga saga was the daughter of Aðils the Swedish king (called Eadgils in Beowulf). However, according to the Chronicon Lethrense and Hrólf Kraki's saga, she was the daughter of Helgi (Halga), whereas Saxo is vague whether it was Adils or Helgi who was her father.

Hrólf Kraki's saga does not mention where he came from, but according to Arngrímur Jónsson, Heoroweard was the king of Öland and according to Saxo, he became Hrólf's jarl in Sweden, whereas in the Chronicon Lethrense, he was German and the jarl of Skåne.

In Beowulf, he is the son of Heorogar, the elder brother of Halga (Helgi) and Hroðgar (Hróar). (Consequently, he had greater right to the Danish throne than Hrólf Kraki (Hroðulf), and it is not surprising that he was the one who slew Hrólf.) He is mentioned only once, at lines 2160-2161. Beowulf, in the act of giving to his lord Hygelac the armor of Heorogar (which Hrothgar had given to Beowulf as a reward), repeats what Hrothgar told him: "No sooner would Heorogar give it to his son, valiant Heoroweard, though he was true to him..."

He did not survive long after Hrólfs death. According to Arngrímur Jónsson's epitome of Skjöldunga saga, Hrólf Kraki's saga and the Chronicon Lethrense, he was killed shortly after. According to Hrólf Kraki's saga, he was killed during the battle, and according to the other sources, he became king but was killed the same day.

Succession
According to Arngrímur, Hereoweard was succeeded by Rörek (called Hreðric in Beowulf), the cousin of Hrólf's father, but he was attacked by Valdar. They shared the kingdom so that Rörek kept Zealand, whereas Valdar took Skåne. This version does not fit Bjarkimal as it relates that Rörik had been killed by Hrólf.

According to Hrólf Kraki's saga, Skuld inherited the kingdom but was killed by the Geatish king Thorir Houndsfoot and by Yrsa's men. The kingdom then passed into the hands of Hrólf's daughters.

According to Saxo, it is Höðr, Aðils' brother who became the king of both Denmark and Sweden.

In the Chronicon Lethrense, it is Haki, son of Hamund, who became the king of Denmark, but the other sources who mention him place him centuries earlier.

Comments
The Danish scholar Axel Olrik (1903) has proposed a solution to why the sources vary. According to Beowulf, Adils gains the Swedish throne aided by the Geats. In Heoroweard's case, he is a pretender who gains the Danish throne aided by the Swedes. This is why Heoroweard is easily made jarl of Swedes, as in Saxo's patriotic tradition Swedish rulers are frequently appointed and dethroned. In order to make this possible, Saxo, or his tradition, had to make Adils defeated by the Danes and losing his kingdom. In Arngrímur's Icelandic tradition, which had a more clear conception of the Swedish line of kings, Heoroweard could not be made ruler of Sweden, and so he was named as the ruler of a kingdom on the fringe of Sweden, Öland, a kingdom which was known to be independent, but whose line of kings was no longer known.

In Arngrímur and the Chronicon Lethrense, Heoroweard is the son-in-law of Adils, married to his daughter Skuld, whereas Hrólf Kraki's saga makes him the son-in-law of Helgi (according to Olrik, he could not be married to his own cousin). The account shows that Heoroweard had close connection with Adils and Olrik suggests that the real reason behind Hrólfs voyage to Uppsala was Adils' support of Heoroweard.

However, according to Snorri, Hrólf died during the Swedish king Östen's reign. If both Snorri and Olrik are right, the Swedish king who supported Hereoweard when attacking and killing Hrólf may not have been Adils, but Östen.

See also Origins for Beowulf and Hrólf Kraki for more on the historical background of these characters.

title: Heoroweard


text:
Zurvan (disambiguation)

Zurvan is the primordial creator deity in Zurvanism, a now-extinct branch of the Zoroastrianism religion.

Zurvan may also refer to:
 * Time in Avestan Middle Persian
 * Zurvan (زروان), a village in Larestan County, Fars, Iran.

In popular culture:
 * Zarvan (زَروان), the personification of time in Shahnameh
 * Zurvan, an alien intelligence in the Palladium Books RPG games that sometimes creates gods as an experiment
 * Zurvan, the primary antagonist of Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones
 * Zur-van, a superhero in Grant Morrison's The Filth (comics)
 * Zurvan, the name of one of the Four Gods of Runepunk in Savage Worlds
 * Zurvan, a minor antagonist in StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm
 * Zurvan, the name of one of the Amp Stations in Planetside 2

title: Zurvan (disambiguation)


text:
Pylons of Messina

The Pylons of Messina are two free-standing steel towers, the Sicilian one in Torre Faro and the Calabrian one in Villa San Giovanni. They were used from 1955 to 1994 to carry a 220 kilovolt (150 kilovolt until 1971) power line across the Strait of Messina, between the Scilla substation in Calabria on the Italian mainland at 38.245°N, 15.68306°W and the Messina-Santo substation in Sicily at 38.26583°N, 15.65111°W.

Design
The two pylons, built in 1955, are both 232 m free-standing steel towers. Each stands on an 8 m cross-shaped base and is equipped with a crossbar that carries four conductors at a height of 212 m, and another V-shaped structure at the top which carries two additional conductors in addition to ground wires. In contrast to more conventional pylon design, the corners of the pylons are arranged diagonally along the direction of the course of the line. The pylons of Messina were the model for the Elbe Crossing 1 in Germany and were, until the completion of Elbe Crossing 2, the tallest pylons in the world. They did however have the longest span of any hydroelectric crossing ever built at 3646 meters, even greater than that of the current record holder the Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie at 2,700 meters. The span was able to be so large because there wasn't a need for a high clearance, the conductors weren't as heavy and because the east tower was built on elevated ground approximately 163 m (536 ft) asl, giving the tower a total elevation of 396 m (1,300 ft) above sea level.

After their completion, the oscillation of the structures and their maximum deflections were determined in a very unusual manner: engineers mounted three rockets with a thrust of 9800 kilonewtons on top of the pylons and ignited them.

The line had switching stations at each end of the span. At the Calabrian station, Cannitello, (38.24143°N, 15.68896°W), the conductors were fixed tightly to a strainer portal. At the Sicilian station at Torre Faro (38.26889°N, 15.64583°W), the conductors were strained by a device providing constant force, which was situated in a building with two inspiring towers, the so-called Morandi Towers (italian Torri Morandi), designed by the Italian builder Riccardo Morandi.

Conductors
Until 1971, the electrical service consisted of a single 150 kV three-phase AC system. Four conductors, of which one was used as backup, were installed on the crossbar of the pylon. In 1971 the voltage was increased to 220 kV and two additional conductors were installed at the bottom site of the V-shaped pinnacles. This gave a total transmission capacity of 300 MW.

Conductors consisting of steel and aluminium with a diameter of 27.8 mm were used. They had an aluminium cross section of 45 mm2 and a steel cross section of 305 mm2. The minimum height of the conductors over the Strait of Messina was 70 metres, to allow large ships to pass safely below. This, together with the span of 3.646 km, required a tension force of 608 N/mm2 in the conductor cables. Antivibration ropes were used to dampen oscillations.

By the early 1980s, this transmission capacity was no longer sufficient. It could not be increased by using bundle conductors or more conductive cables, as bundle conductors tend to have much greater wind-induced oscillations than single conductors, which can result in short circuits in such a long span. Normal overhead lines use conducting cables with a larger aluminium portion but these do not have the tensile strength needed for this span. In 1985 a 380 kV three-phase AC submarine cable with a maximum transmission capacity of 1000 MW was laid underneath the Strait of Messina.

The electrical crossing was decommissioned in 1993 and the conductors were removed a year later.

Today
After the removal of the power lines, the pylons remain with protected status as historical monuments and are used for meteorological measurements, high distance rescue training and telecommunications. In 2006, the staircase to the top of the Sicilian pylon was briefly opened to the public, but public access to the structure is now prohibited. The stairway to the top has approximately 1,250 steps.

The switching stations at both ends of the span still exist. The former anchor portal at Cannitello Switching Station is still in place but the tensioning system at Torre Faro has been dismantled. The unused power line from Scilla substation to Cannitello remains, while the line from Torre Faro Switching Station to Messina-Santo substation may be completely dismantled.

On July 10, 2024, Estonian athlete Jaan Roose crossed the Strait of Messina on a slackline spanned between the two towers. He surpassed the previous longest slackline walk of 2,710 meters and completed a distance of 3,600 meters.

Messina Strait submarine cable
The submarine cable across the Strait of Messina was laid in 1985. It has a total transmission capacity of 1000 MW and is a part of the single-circuit 380 kV powerline between Rizziconi substation on the Calabrian mainland (38.44222°N, 15.98556°W) and Sorgente substation on Sicily (38.18806°N, 15.28361°W). It starts at the end of the overhead line south of Villa San Giovanni (38.20328°N, 15.63791°W), enters the sea at 38.20372°N, 15.63359°W, reaches Sicily in Messina (38.21604°N, 15.56716°W) and ends north of Messina (38.22864°N, 15.56117°W), where the overhead line to Sorgente starts.

The cable consists of 4 conductors, one of which serves as a reserve.

Second 380 kV cable
Plans were announced in July 2010 to build a second 380 kV power line between Sorgente and Rizziconi in 2015. The line will have a transmission capacity of 2000 MW and will be 105 km long, with an undersea portion of 38 km.

In May 2016 a double-circuit 380 kV HVAC (high voltage alternating current) land and submarine cable system was handed over to the utility company. It was installed along a total route of approximately 44 km between the power stations of Villafranca Tirrena in Sicily and Scilla in Calabria.

Similar structures
The largest towers of the Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie are of a very similar design, but are tubular lattice steel towers.

title: Pylons of Messina


text:
Cefotetan

Cefotetan is an injectable antibiotic of the cephamycin type for prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. It is often grouped together with second-generation cephalosporins and has a similar antibacterial spectrum, but with additional anti-anaerobe coverage.

Cefotetan was developed by Yamanouchi. It is marketed outside Japan by AstraZeneca with the brand names Apatef and Cefotan.

Adverse effects
The chemical structure of cefotetan, like that of several other cephalosporins, contains an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) side chain. As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause hypoprothrombinemia (likely due to inhibition of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by disulfiram (Antabuse), due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase.

Spectrum of bacterial susceptibility
Cefotetan has a broad spectrum of activity and has been used to treat bacterial infections of the bone, skin, urinary tract, and lower respiratory tract. Notable species include Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Escherichia. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant bacteria.

 * Escherichia coli: 0.06 μg/mL
 * Bacteroides fragilis: ≤0.06 μg/mL - 512 μg/mL
 * Clostridium perfringens: 1 μg/mL - 4 μg/mL

title: Cefotetan


text:
File:Manesti Dambovita map.png

made by me in XaraX

title: File:Manesti Dambovita map.png


text:
Nikolai Korndorf

Nikolai Sergeevich Korndorf (Николáй Серге́евич Корндóрф, January 23, 1947 – May 30, 2001) was a Russian and Canadian (from 1991) composer and conductor. He was prolific both in Moscow, Russia, and in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Biography
Born in Moscow, (Russian SSR,Soviet Union), Korndorf studied composition with Sergey Balasanian at the Moscow Conservatory from 1965 to 1970. During these years, he wrote a one-act opera A tale on... (Сказание про... – Skazanie pro...) based on the work of Semyon Kirsanov. In 1973, Korndorf completed post-graduate studies with his opera Feast in the Time of Plague based on the play of the same name by Alexander Pushkin.

He studied conducting with Leo Ginsburg from 1967 to 1979 and taught composition and orchestration at the Conservatory from 1972 to 1991. In 1973, he became a member of the Union of Composers and the Moscow Presidium of the Soviet Composers' Union. He was a co-founder and deputy president of the New Association for Contemporary Music (ACM).

His early works were written in a traditional and academic manner until he adopted an atonal post-expressionist style. Later, he turned to a kind of minimalist repetitive aesthetic, notable in his Confessiones (1979) for double bass and twelve wind instruments, and in Jarilo (1981) an extensive piece for piano and tape. Korndorf developed this aesthetic further in his large-scale works such as the three Hymns (1987–1990), his 3rd and 4th Symphonies, and the opera MR (Marina and Rainer) based on correspondence between Marina Tsvetaeva and Rainer Maria Rilke.

In 1991, Korndorf left Russia for Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, where he began experimenting with electro-acoustic media. In Canada, he became an associate composer of the Canadian Music Centre and an associate of the Canadian League of Composers. He taught composition at the University of British Columbia towards the end of his life.

A champion of Korndorf's music, Russian conductor Alexander Lazarev has performed and recorded most of his work.

Korndorf died suddenly while playing soccer with friends in 2001. He was 54.

Selected works

 * Concertino for viola and string orchestra (1970)
 * Sonata for viola solo (1970)
 * Feast in the Time of Plague – one-act opera after Alexander Pushkin (1972)
 * Symphony No. 1 – for full symphony orchestra (1975)
 * Confessiones – for 14 players and tape (1979)
 * Symphony No. 2 – for full symphony orchestra (1980)
 * Movements – for percussion ensemble (1981)
 * Primitive music – for twelve saxophones (1981)
 * Yarilo – for piano and tape (1981)
 * Yes!! – ritual for three singers, chamber ensemble and tape (1982)
 * Singing – for mezzo-soprano and tape (1982)
 * Tristful Songs – for chamber choir and percussion (1 player) (1983)
 * Con Sordino – for 16 string instruments and harpsichord (1984)
 * Lullaby – for two pianos (1984)
 * Brass-quintet for two trumpets, horn, trombone and tuba (1985)
 * Concerto capriccioso – for violoncello solo, string orchestra and percussion (1986)
 * Amoroso – for 11 players (1986)
 * The Dance in Metal in Honour of John Cage – for one percussion player (1986)
 * In Honour of Alfred Schnittke (AGSCH) – string trio for violin, viola and violoncello (1986)
 * Hymn I Sempre Tutti – for full symphony orchestra (1987)
 * Hymn II – for full symphony orchestra (1987)
 * MR (Marina and Rainer) – chamber opera in one act after J. Lourié (1989)
 * Symphony No. 3 – for full symphony orchestra, boys' choir, men's choir, piano solo and narrator (1989)
 * Hymn III In Honour of Gustav Mahler – for full symphony orchestra and soprano (1990)
 * Mozart-Variations – for string sextet (1990)
 * Continuum – for organ and tape (bells, gongs and tam-tams) (1991)
 * The Magic Gift of Segnoro Luigi – for percussion ensemble (1991)
 * Prologue – for full symphony orchestra (1992)
 * Let the Earth Bring Forth – for chamber ensemble (1992)
 * String Quartet for two violins, viola and violoncello (1992)
 * ...Si Muove! – play for instrumental ensemble, actors and dancers (1993)
 * Epilogue – for full symphony orchestra (1993)
 * Victor (The Victor) – for full symphony orchestra (1995)
 * Welcome! – for female choir and instruments played by singers themselves (1995)
 * Get out!!! – for any four or more instruments (1995)
 * Welcome! – version for six female voices and instruments played by singers themselves (1995)
 * Are You Ready, Brother? – trio for piano, violin, and violoncello (1996)
 * Symphony No. 4 Underground music – for full symphony orchestra (1996)
 * Music for Owen Underhill and His Magnificent Eight – for chamber ensemble (1997)
 * Passacaglia – for solo cello (1997)
 * The smile of Maud Lewis – for small symphony orchestra (1998)
 * Canzone triste – for harp (1998)
 * Musica Nominis Expers – for full symphony orchestra (1998)
 * In D – for full symphony orchestra (1998)
 * Triptych : Lament, Response and Glorification – for cello and piano (1998–1999)
 * A Letter to V. Martynov and G. Pelecis – for piano (1999)
 * Echo – for mixed choir and ensemble (1999)
 * Merry Music for Very Nice People – for violin, cello, clarinet, piano and percussion (2000)

Recordings

 * CD Art and Electronics CD AED 68017
 * CD Megadisc MDC 7817: Patricia Kopatchinskaya (violin), Daniel Raskin (viola), Alexander Ivashkin (cello), Ivan Sokolov (piano)
 * CD Sony SK 66824: BBC SO, Alexander Lazarev (conductor), Catherine Bott (soprano) (1994)

title: Nikolai Korndorf


text:
Vantör

Vantör was a borough (stadsdelsområde) in the southern part of Stockholm, Sweden, until 1 January 2007. The districts that made up the borough were Bandhagen, Hagsätra, Högdalen, Rågsved and Örby. The population as of 2004 was 35,155 over an area of 8.30 km², giving it a density of 4,236/km². In 2007, Vantör merged with the borough of Enskede-Årsta to form the Enskede-Årsta-Vantör borough.

title: Vantör


text:
Michelle Wright

Michelle Wright (born July 1, 1961) is a Canadian country music artist. She won the Canadian Country Music Association's Fans' Choice Award twice (1993 and 1995). In 2011, Wright was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame.

Wright's primary success has been in her native Canada, where she has charted more than twenty-five singles, including six Number One hits: "Take It Like a Man", "One Time Around", "Guitar Talk", "One Good Man", "Nobody's Girl" and "Crank My Tractor". She also had chart success in the United States in the 1990s, landing in the Top 40 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts with "Take It Like a Man" at No. 10, "He Would Be Sixteen" at No. 31 and "New Kind of Love" at No. 32.

Early life
Michelle Wright was born on July 1, 1961, in Chatham, Ontario. Wright grew up in the small nearby town of Merlin where her parents were both local music performers. By 1980, when Wright was in college studying counseling for the mentally disadvantaged, she joined a local band with whom she performed until 1983.

That year Wright started her own band. She performed with her own band until 1988. In 1985, while performing with her band, Wright signed a record deal with Savannah Records. The next year she released her debut single, "I Want to Count on You", which peaked at No. 48 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.

Wright's debut album, Do Right by Me, was issued in 1988 and produced seven more singles, including Wright's cover of the 1974 Andy Kim hit, "Rock Me Gently", which reached No. 7 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart. The album's success in Canada led to a record contract with Arista Nashville. Wright became one of the label's flagship artists.

1990–1993: Breakthrough success
In April 1990, Wright's first American single, "New Kind of Love", was issued and became her first "Top Five" hit in Canada, in addition to peaking at No. 32 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in the United States. Her second album, Michelle Wright, was released in July 1990. To support the album, Wright was added as an opening act to Kenny Rogers 1991 tour. The album became a success in Canada.

That year, 1990, Wright was awarded Female Artist of the Year by the Canadian Country Music Association. The following year she was awarded Album of the Year for Michelle Wright, Single of the Year for "New Kind of Love", and Female Artist of the Year again by the Canadian Country Music Association.

Due to the success of her album Michelle Wright and single "New Kind of Love," Wright relocated to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1991 to spend more time advancing her career. When in Nashville, Wright began to record her third album, Now and Then, released in May 1992. The album's first single, "Take It Like a Man", became an instant hit, reaching No. 1 in Canada on the RPM Country Tracks chart and No. 10 in the United States on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. In Canada, the song also crossed over to the adult contemporary charts, peaking at No. 18. The song received the Single of the Year award from the Canadian Country Music Association in late 1992.

In 1993, the album earned Wright the award for Top New Female Vocalist from the Academy of Country Music. She appeared on the CBS television special, Women of Country, where she performed "Take It Like a Man" and the Mary Chapin Carpenter song, "The Hard Way," with several other artists including Carpenter. Now and Then went on to produce six more singles, including the Canadian number one hits "One Time Around" and "Guitar Talk". The album also contained the single, "He Would Be Sixteen", which reached No. 31 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and No. 3 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart. It was awarded Single of the Year by the Canadian Country Music Association in 1993. Also in 1993, Wright won the Fans' Choice Award from Canadian Country Music Association, which she would also win in 1995.

1994–1999: Further success
In 1994, Wright released the first single from her upcoming album, "One Good Man", which became her fourth number one single in Canada; but it didn't reach the top 40 in the United States. Wright's fourth album, The Reasons Why, was released in September 1994 in Canada. Plans for the album to be released in the United States were delayed and eventually cancelled. The album was also released in Europe after a Wright completed a successful tour in mid-1994. In early 1995, Wright embarked on a 40-city tour in Canada, which at that time was the most extensive tour in the history of country music in Canada.

In August 1996, Wright released her fifth album, For Me It's You, following the release of the first single, "Nobody's Girl", which reached No. 1 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks and No. 57 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The album marked Wright's first album to be released in the American market in four years. The album went on to be successful in Canada, producing three Top Five singles in "Crank My Tractor", "The Answer Is Yes", and "What Love Looks Like". The album was not a success in the United States. In a 1997 interview with Jam!, Wright admitted that she was "very disappointed" and "not happy with what [U.S. radio] did with this album".

During 1997, Wright was awarded the C.F. Martin Humanitarian Award by the Canadian Country Music Association for her international work with the Special Olympics; her successful fundraising efforts for St. Joseph's Hospital in Chatham, Ontario, the hospital where she was born; and her support for the Manitoba flood relief fund.

In 1999, U.S. radio welcomed Wright back when her 1997 duet with pianist Jim Brickman was released to radio. The song, "Your Love", failed at country radio, but gave Wright her only American adult contemporary hit when the song peaked at No. 19 on the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. Despite the song's success at AC radio, it would be Wright's last charting single in the United States.

In October 1999, Wright's first greatest hits album, The Greatest Hits Collection, was released in Canada. The album included two new songs, "I Surrender" and "When I Found You", both of which were Top Ten hits on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart. In 2000, Arista Nashville released the American version of her 1999 greatest hits album in the United States. The album contained a different track list than the Canadian version. The album was Wright's final release with Arista Nashville.

2000–present: Success today
In 2002, Wright was transferred to RCA Records/ViK. Recordings. That year she released her sixth studio album, Shut Up and Kiss Me, in June 2002. The album showed Wright in a more pop-driven styled than her previous work. Wright co-wrote eight of the album's twelve songs, and recorded songs by successful songwriters such as Shelly Peiken, who wrote pop singer Christina Aguilera's 1999 hit, "What a Girl Wants". Shut Up and Kiss Me also contained a more pop-oriented version of her 2000 single, "I Surrender." This version had been used for the song's music video and pop radio release.

In 2004, Wright started her annual Christmas tour, Dreaming of a Wright Christmas. A year later Wright signed with Icon Records and in October 2005, she released her first Christmas album, A Wright Christmas in Canada. The album featured covers of eleven Christmas song and one new song, "I Know Santa's Been Here", written by Canadian country singer Patricia Conroy. The song was issued as the album's first single in December 2005. A Wright Christmas was released digitally in the United States 2007 and Europe in 2008.

In June 2006, Wright returned to country music by releasing her first new album in four years, Everything and More in Canada. In 2007, Everything and More was made available digitally in United States.

In 2011, Savannah Music Canada released Wright's first live album, The Wright Songs: An Acoustic Evening with Michelle Wright. The album features seventeen tracks, including singles and unreleased album cuts.

Wright released a new single, "Another Good Day," to Canadian country radio on April 24, 2012. She released a new single entitled "Strong" to radio in April 2013. Wright's first album of original material in seven years, Strong, was released on July 9, 2013.

In 2015, Wright signed with Chuck Thompson, President of the Nashville-based Thompson Entertainment Group, for management.

In 2018, she signed with Navigator Records and the label released her first brand new music since the release of Strong. "Lovin' This Day" and "Attitude Is Everything" were released as singles with an "old-school" A side song and a B side song configuration across all digital platforms on the Navigator Records label.

For 2019, Navigator released Wright's recording of the holiday classic "Silver Bells," produced by fellow Canadian Bob Funk, to launch the A Wright Christmas: 2019 with concert dates across Alberta and Ontario.

Michelle's newest album, titled "Milestone" will be released on August 26, 2022.The album features nine new tracks, followed by a new recording of her 1992 hit, "Take it Like A Man"

Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame Induction
In 2011, Wright was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame at a special gala dinner and award ceremony in Hamilton, Ontario. Wright, the year's artist inductee, was recognized for her outstanding contributions to Canada's country music landscape. Wright has been acknowledged within the collections of the National Music Centre in Calgary, Alberta since 2014.

Other work
Wright appeared as a country music star in an episode in Season 4 of the Canadian TV series Due South. The episode, entitled "Mountie Sings the Blues," deals with the Mountie's efforts to protect Wright's character, Tracy Jenkins, from a stalker. She sings "Nobody's Girl" at the conclusion of the episode.

title: Michelle Wright


text:
The New Art Gallery Walsall

The New Art Gallery Walsall is a modern and contemporary art gallery in the town of Walsall, in the West Midlands, England. It was built with £21 million of public funding, including £15.75 million from the UK National Lottery and additional money from the European Regional Development Fund and City Challenge.

The Gallery is funded by Walsall Council and Arts Council England; this funding is further supplemented by its own income generation. Admission is free. Its first Director was Peter Jenkinson. In May 2005, former BALTIC director Stephen Snoddy was appointed as director.

Architecture
Designed by the architects Caruso St John after winning an international design competition, it opened in January 2000, replacing the town's old gallery and an arts centre that had been closed by the council almost a decade earlier. It was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 5 May 2000, during her visit to the West Midlands. The New Art Gallery's stark building won several architectural awards and attracted over 237,000 visitors in its opening year. In 2000, the gallery was shortlisted for the prestigious Sterling Architecture Prize.

The five-story building is clad in pale terracotta and has a floor area of 5000 m2. The interior of the Gallery features a heavy use of concrete and 75mm thick douglas fir wooden cladding. The public square surrounding the building was designed by Richard Wentworth and Catherine Yass.

The Gallery has been seen as an attempt to encourage regeneration in the local area. The architecture has been both praised and criticised, described as "almost flawless" by the RIBA and "extraordinarily good" by Hugh Pearman but also castigated by John Stewart-Young as an "architectural indulgence", an impressive building that lacks consideration of how the wider public will use it. The essayist Theodore Dalrymple described the interior as resembling both "a fascist foreign ministry" and "a sauna of gigantic proportions".

There have been a number of minor alterations to the building since its opening, including changing of the ground floor retail area into a cafe, and addition of more windows around its entrance. In 2006, Floor 4 of the gallery was transformed from a restaurant area into a new gallery space. The gallery space with 8m high ceiling has enabled the Gallery to present a further programme of exhibitions, in addition to its main temporary exhibition galleries. This has included exhibitions by regional and international artists including David Batchelor, Richard Billingham and Leo Fitzmaurice.

In 2012, artist Sarah Staton was commissioned to design a new sculpture terrace for the Gallery, opening to the public later that same year the space converted a previously underused area of patio on floor 4.

Collections

The Gallery houses the fixed Garman Ryan Collection of sculptures and paintings by modern masters including a large selection of work by Jacob Epstein and many significant works by European artists including Vincent van Gogh, Claude Monet, Turner, Corot, Renoir and Constable represented in prints, sketches, drawings, paintings and sculptures. The collection was donated to the people of Walsall in 1973 by Epstein's late wife Kathleen Garman (Lady Epstein) and her friend Sally Ryan.

In 2006, the gallery acquired the Epstein Archive, a collection of photographs, manuscripts, sketches and correspondence between Jacob Epstein and his family and friends, patrons, buyers and galleries. In 2009 Bob and Roberta Smith was commissioned to work alongside Archive Curator Neil Lebeter to reveal the previously undocumented and unseen Epstein Archive to audiences. The initiative forms part of New Ways of Curating, a project initiated by Arts Council England.

The permanent collection of artworks at the Gallery incorporates the municipal holdings built up from 1892, from the formal foundation of Walsall's art collection. It ranges from Victorian paintings by Frank Holl and Briton Rivière, including some of local interest through to works by contemporary artists, such as Catherine Yass, Robert Priseman and Fiona Banner. Through the Contemporary Art Society Special Collection scheme, the New Art Gallery Walsall was able to add to its collections works by Gavin Turk, Hew Locke, Mike Nelson, Yoshihiro Suda, Dorothy Cross, Laura Ford, Darren Lago, Estelle Thompson, Richard Woods, Yinka Shonibare and Rose Finn-Kelcey. The works that comprise this collection transfer ownership to Walsall Council from the Contemporary Art Society in 2014.

In 2007, the New Art Gallery was awarded £1million through the Art Fund International to collect international contemporary art on the theme of the metropolis. This has included the acquisition of works by Jochem Hendricks, Grazia Toderi, Dynita Singh, Zhang Enli, Christiane Baumgartner, Barry McGee and Nicolas Provost.

Exhibitions
The temporary exhibition galleries on the third and fourth floor are dedicated to exhibiting contemporary and historic art. The Gallery has held solo exhibitions by artists including Suzanne Treister, Mark Titchner, Toby Ziegler, Conrad Shawcross, Hew Locke, Joana Vasconcelos, Zarina Bhimji, Christopher Le Brun, Gordon Cheung, Layla Curtis, Anna Barriball, Adam Dant Gavin Turk and Jonathan Yeo.

Between 2012 and 2013, the Gallery hosted the first year long display of works by artist Damien Hirst as part of the ARTIST ROOMS on Tour in partnership with Tate.

The New Art Gallery also has a history of exhibiting group shows, beginning with the inaugural exhibition Blue featuring works by artists such as Anish Kapoor, Glen Brown, Barbara Hepworth and Bridget Riley.

The 2009 exhibition Re-Imagining Asia, aimed to explore the meaning and relevance of the term “contemporary Asian art” in the 21st century and within a wider context of globalisation, migration and an increasingly international art world. It featured artists such as Song Dong, exhibiting here in the UK for the first time.

In 2010, the New Art Gallery celebrated its tenth birthday with the exhibition Party!.

In 2011, the Gallery hosted the exhibition The Life of The Mind: Love, Sorrow and Obsession, curated by artist Bob and Roberta Smith. This included key works by Sarah Lucas, Louise Bourgeois, Tracey Emin and Yayoi Kusama.

Artist residencies
The gallery has continually supported emerging and established artists from throughout the UK through their regular residency programs. Artists in residence include: a.a.s, Simon and Tom Bloor, Sean Burn, Faye Claridge, Lucienne Cole, Harminder Judge, Juneau Projects, Karin Kihlberg and Reuben Henry, Feng-Ru Lee, Bob and Roberta Smith, Ivan Smith, Yoke and Zoom.

Education work
The Discovery Gallery, now rebranded Disco, was the first interactive art space of its kind in the country, designed specifically for young visitors and families. Over 60,000 school children have visited The New Art Gallery since 2003, along with 34,000 lifelong learning participants. The Gallery gained the Learning Outside the Classroom quality badge mark in 2009. The New Art Gallery Walsall was one of the first cultural organisations in the UK to take on a Creative Apprentice in 2009.

The Gallery, alongside Ikon Gallery, works in partnership with Birmingham City University to run the Artist Teacher Scheme, a professional development programme for art educators.

Other facilities

The New Art Gallery has free public Wi-Fi throughout the building.

In 2006, the Gallery opened a free public access Art Library, where visitors are able to learn about culture, exhibitions and award-winning architecture. Since opening nearly 50,000 people have made use of the specialist collection of books, journals and archive material.

The ground floor café in The New Art Gallery Walsall was transformed into a Costa Coffee store in August 2007.

title: The New Art Gallery Walsall


text:
Revenue Act

The Revenue Act can refer to a number of tax-related laws:

British Empire

 * Revenue Act of 1764, popularly known as the Sugar Act
 * Revenue Act of 1766
 * Revenue Act of 1767 (7 Geo. 3. c. 46), one of the Townshend Acts

United States

 * Revenue Act of 1861
 * Revenue Act of 1862
 * Revenue Act of 1894, known as the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act
 * War Revenue Act of 1898
 * Revenue Act of 1913
 * Revenue Act of 1916
 * War Revenue Act of 1917
 * Revenue Act of 1918
 * Revenue Act of 1921
 * Revenue Act of 1924
 * Revenue Act of 1926
 * Revenue Act of 1928
 * Revenue Act of 1932
 * Revenue Act of 1934
 * Revenue Act of 1935
 * Revenue Act of 1936
 * Revenue Act of 1940
 * Revenue Act of 1941
 * Revenue Act of 1942
 * Revenue Act of 1943
 * Revenue Act of 1945
 * Revenue Act of 1948
 * Revenue Act of 1950
 * Revenue Act of 1951
 * Revenue Act of 1962
 * Revenue Act of 1964
 * Tax Reform Act of 1969
 * Revenue Act of 1978

title: Revenue Act


text:
First Battle of Chattanooga

The First Battle of Chattanooga was a minor artillery battle in the American Civil War, fought on June 7–8, 1862.

Background
In late spring 1862, the Confederacy split its forces in Chattanooga, Tennessee into several small commands in an attempt to complicate Federal operations. Union Maj. Gen. Ormsby M. Mitchel received orders to take his division to Huntsville, Alabama, to repair railroads in the area. Soon, he occupied more than 100 miles along the Nashville & Chattanooga and Memphis & Charleston railroads. In May, Mitchel and his men sparred with Maj. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith's men.

Battle
After Mitchel received command of all Federal troops between Nashville and Huntsville on May 29, he ordered Brig. Gen. James Negley with a small division to lead an expedition to capture Chattanooga. This force arrived before Chattanooga on June 7. Negley ordered the 79th Pennsylvania Infantry out to reconnoiter. It found the Confederates entrenched on the opposite side of the river along the banks and atop Cameron Hill. Negley brought up two artillery batteries to open fire on the Rebel troops and the town and sent infantry to the river bank to act as sharpshooters. The Union bombardment of Chattanooga continued throughout June 7 and until noon on June 8. The Confederates replied, but it was uncoordinated since the undisciplined gunners were allowed to do as they wished. On June 10, Smith, who had arrived on June 8, reported that Negley had withdrawn and the Confederate loss was minor. This attack on Chattanooga was a warning that Union troops could mount assaults when they wanted. The attack also prompted Edmund Kirby Smith to withdraw Confederate troops from other areas to defend Chattanooga. This redeployment of troops allowed George W. Morgan to capture the Cumberland Gap on June 18, 1862.

Battlefield preservation
The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have acquired and preserved more than 405 acres battlefield acres at Chattanooga as of mid-2023.

title: First Battle of Chattanooga


text:
User talk:Arkay2005

Image tagging
Hi! Thanks for uploading Image:Storm-coming-small.jpg (it is quite beautiful). I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you want it to be public domain, etc.)  This is part of an effort to tag images do they don't get deleted. Thanks so much,   Phyzome is Tim McCormack 17:51, 2004 Dec 12 (UTC)

Image:Storm coming.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:Storm coming.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in its not being deleted. Thank you. —MetsBot 19:00, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Arkay2005


text:
Talk:Dark Internet

Broken link
3th external link is broken. It shows 'Page not Found' --87.5.58.150 (talk) 20:14, 11 April 2012 (UTC)

Citation needed
This article says "some speculate" that hackers use dark internets for malicious purposes. This statement requires a citation.

Name change?
I think this article should be moved to "Dark internet", as per the external links.

The point is:

Web = collection of interconnected data

Internet = collection of interconnected computers

Just to avoid the flames of the pedants, its worth mentioning that an internet, strictly, is a collection of interconnected networks, which are themselves collections of interconnected computers.

For these purposes it amounts to the same thing - this article seems to be about the machines, not the documents. The deep web article seems to about the documents. That is the distinction, and I think that we should be careful to preserve it. --Nigelj 17:58, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Done --Nigelj 14:43, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * After this name change, "Research Projects: Darkweb is also a name of a project that exists at a University in Tucson." should be if not moved, then at least copied to Dark internet. --Oop 11:02, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Interesting...
Never really thought about this before... I recently bought a used Prolog textbook which had an IP address written in ones of its pages by the previous owner. I attempted a traceroute on that IP address, only it never reached that IP -- traceroute's packet(s) eventually kept bouncing back-and-forth between two intermediate servers presumably "near" that IP address indefinitely, but never actually making it to that IP address. I'll have to find the page again. I just found it strange it would do that -- could that be an example of a "dark internet" address? I've never seen that happen before in a traceroute, and I don't think it was simply a case of that IP address being "down" at the time -- if the computer on that IP wasn't "up" at all I would have gotten a destination unreachable error. Then again I could be wrong... --I am not good at running 07:02, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

More detail
This page seems to go on about what the dark internet isn't, but never seems to get around to what it is. It would be nice if someone could add more detail. PerlKnitter 20:01, 31 October 2006 (UTC)
 * What we have on what is is the definition in the first sentence and the content of the 'Causes' section. --Nigelj 22:53, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

uppercase Internet?
Shouldn't the letter I be uppercase since internet refers to the Internet? --Voidvector 02:37, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * No, internet is used as a common noun, see previous first discussion and WP:MOS.--Thinboy00 talk/contribs @129, i.e. 02:05, 19 November 2007 (UTC)

Internet Magic tips
--blatant spam removed - 152.23.101.108 00:41, 3 October 2007 (UTC)--

C & P mail@rdxrdx.com Feel free to Contact us —Preceding unsigned comment added by Shantu123 (talk • contribs) 13:49, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Research Project Section
The project mentioned in the University of Arizona link seems to have nothing to do with "unreachable hosts".

Neutral?
"It is also speculated that hackers utilize malicious techniques to hijack private routers to either divert traffic or mask illegal activity. Through use of these private routers a dark internet can form and be used to conduct all manner of misconduct on the internet" That's only a small example, but the whole article takes the tone that dark networks are malicious and inappropriate. Segregation from publicly-routable networks is, AFAIK, a normal security practice for businesses, whose reasons for secrecy need not have anything to do with illegal activity; We do it where I work, and our customers do it as well. Even a connection between just two hosts with OpenVPN, with services only accessible on the virtual NICS provided by the VPN, and where that VPN network can't be routed to by other hosts, would seem to me to fall under the classification of "Dark internet," and that connection need not have anything to do with malicious or illegal behavior. --Short Circuit (talk) 19:34, 20 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't have any references, but I think that the word 'dark' implies the either forgotten or malicious intent. What you describe, I think are more likely to be called 'private' networks and sub-nets, but not usually 'dark'. Although I agree, technically, in practice, there may be little difference in the technology used or the effects it has. --Nigelj (talk) 19:46, 20 January 2010 (UTC)

Perhaps "misconduct" should be changed to "conduct". Dark Internets are used for many legal and positive reasons. This article infers Dark Internet == Nefarious. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.221.111.228 (talk) 15:50, 15 December 2010 (UTC)

It's not darknet, right?
Then why does parts of the article seem to descrive darknets? --TiagoTiago (talk) 20:42, 19 May 2010 (UTC)
 * It says, "The dark internet should not be confused with either deep web or darknet". How much clearer can that be? --Nigelj (talk) 21:00, 19 May 2010 (UTC)

Closed-Circuit Television
Is this sort of like the Internet's version of a closed-circuit TV broadcast, in that it's impossible to view a closed-circuit program unless the TV is part of the said closed circuit? 98.221.141.21 (talk) 23:28, 5 February 2013 (UTC)

 * That would be more like an intranet - can't be accéssed (not by standard and legit means, anyway) by anyone beyond the in-house network. The present article, though, suffers from a complete lack of information and examples on whether "dark internet" sites and pages can often be read, in case they are retrieved by somewhat non-standard means, or whether they are simply lost, jammed because of router and address trouble etc.83.254.151.33 (talk) 02:33, 5 October 2013 (UTC)

Broken link irony...
The second reference in this article is broken. Ironic. :) http://www.crt.net.au/About/ETopics/Archives/darkint.html --207.231.89.111 (talk) 01:40, 30 January 2014 (UTC)

An example?
After reading this article I am still honestly not sure what the Dark Internet is. Is [this comic http://xkcd.com/1305/] an example? It's an xkcd comic about an Internet forum that can only be accessed via a help link in an old Windows utility. Presumably it's not a website, so it can't be bookmarked. Ginkgo100talk 19:00, 1 May 2014 (UTC)

Difference between .Onion (TOR) sites
There are lots of sites with the .Onion TLDs are hosted in TOR nodes. Are they part of the so called Dark Internet? In this article, there is no mention about that. Saintthomas (talk) 06:09, 17 June 2014 (UTC)

What is this article about?
I used to think I knew what this article was about, but it seems that for some years now, people have been adding random terms to the opening sentences, and almost nothing to the body of the article. At the moment, I have to say, I have no idea what it's talking about. For example it says, "A dark Internet, dark address or lost net refers to any or all network hosts on the Internet that no-one can reach. It is also called dark address space, greynet or sparse darknets." and goes on to admonish, "The dark Internet should not be confused with deep web or darknet distributed filesharing, which refer to hard-to-find websites and secretive networks that span the Internet; however, they are accessible from the internet." So, it's about 'sparse darknets', but it's not about 'darknet distributed filesharing' or 'secretive networks'. With references behind paywalls, I have no way to try to get to the bottom of any of this. Maybe it should be deleted, as a WP:COATRACK for random undefined terms, or maybe it should be merged with 'deep web' and 'darknet' if no one else can remember what the differences were supposed to be. --Nigelj (talk) 20:29, 26 October 2014 (UTC)

I suggest we merge this article with a similar article. It would be better to have a single article that clearly explains the differences between various terms. The subject seems notable, judging by media coverage, and by the number of editors that contributed to this article. I will soon look behind the paywall, but in the meantime:

http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/internet/3593569/what-is-dark-web-how-access-dark-web/

http://www.wired.com/2014/11/hacker-lexicon-whats-dark-web/

http://www.brightplanet.com/2014/03/clearing-confusion-deep-web-vs-dark-web/

Comfr (talk) 23:17, 5 February 2015 (UTC)

User talk:Nigelj I peeked behind the paywall. The IEEE refernece defines darknet as an unused, but routable, IP address space, which is not the subject of this article. Darknets are used to detect network scans by attackers. The literature I have found so far, indicate the "dark internet" consists of concealed addresses used for unlawful purposes. Comfr (talk) 04:35, 8 February 2015 (UTC)

Just discovered this page
This page should merge into Dark Web. Deku-shrub (talk) 18:40, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

 * You just redirected the page without merging anything. From quick search on Google it looks like that terms are not synonyms Christian75 (talk) 11:38, 26 November 2015 (UTC)
 * That link doesn't work for me. The article appears to cover facets of Darknet and Dark web without adding anything new Deku-shrub (talk) 12:33, 26 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Also that definition you linked of of dark internet is synonymous to Deep web (search) Deku-shrub (talk) 13:34, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dark Internet


text:
Farsta (borough)

Farsta is a borough (stadsdelsområde) of Söderort in the southern part of Stockholm Municipality, Sweden.

Overview
The districts that make up the borough are Fagersjö, Farsta, Farsta strand, Farstanäset, Gubbängen, Hökarängen, Larsboda, Sköndal, Svedmyra and Tallkrogen. The population is 45,463 on an area of 15.40 km2, which gives a density of 2,952.14/km2.

title: Farsta (borough)


text:
Pylons of Cádiz

The Pylons of Cádiz, also known as the Towers of Cádiz, are two 158 m (518 ft)-tall pylons supporting a double-circuit 132 kV three-phase AC powerline over the bay of Cádiz, Spain, running from Puerto Real Substation to the substation of the former Cádiz Thermal Power Station, situated on the peninsula upon which the city of Cádiz stands.

Description

The suspension towers are situated in Cádiz near Fort Puntales and the Puntales Naval Station and at Matagorda quarter near the commercial wharves. The crossing consists of 16 pylons: two suspension pylons, both 158 metres (518 feet) tall, that carry the line over the Bay of Cádiz, two strainer portals built of concrete, and at each strainer portal a group of 6 monopolar strainers, which are used to carry the conductors from the strainer portal to the first standard line tower (at the northern end of the span) respectively to the switchyard of Cádiz Substation (at the southern end of the span). The strainer portal at the southern end is situated close to Cádiz Substation, that of the northern end at Matagorda. The rest of the line consists of pylons with three crossbars carrying six conductors. The powerline crossing does not use a ground conductor in the span section despite its great height.

Design and construction
Each tower is a hollow mast resembling a truncated cone (or frustum). The diameter of the frustum decreases from 20.7 metres at the base to six metres at the top. The towers, which rest on reinforced concrete plinths carry on their pinnacle a single crossbar with rhomboid profile, on which the insulators carrying the conductors are fixed. A helical staircase winds its way up the interior of the structure to the top.

This unconventional design was conceived and designed by Italian engineer Alberto M. Toscano. It was chosen because Spanish steel mills were unable to produce massive steel carriers at the time, and importing such carriers was impossible in Francoist Spain.

The construction was carried out under the supervision and direction of Remo Scalla, a close friend of Toscano. The same team of Toscano, the designer, and Scalla, the builder, also joined forces in building the Pylons of Messina which support the lines that span the Strait of Messina, between Calabria, on the mainland of Italy, and the island of Sicily. The Cádiz project started during the latter part of 1957 and concluded in 1960. Upon completion, the towers were acquired by the Spanish National Institute of Industry.

title: Pylons of Cádiz


text:
Bhojpur Municipality

Bhojpur (भोजपुर) is one of the two urban municipalities of Bhojpur District of Province No. 1 of Nepal.

Bhojpur is the traditional home of the Kirat Rai people and has a long history since the settlement of the Kirat Rai people. Bhojpur bazaar is famous for its metalwork, particularly khukuri knives and Karuwa (metal vessels). It is home to many businesses as well as skilled craftsmen. Other major towns in the district include Dingla to the north, Ghoretar to the south, and Taksar near the airstrip, from where flights connect to Biratnagar and Kathmandu.

The design and construction of the 240 km Koshi Highway in east Nepal between Dharan on the Terai Plain and Num in the Middle Himalaya commenced in the early 1970s and was completed in 2012 when the first vehicles were able to drive to Num. Construction of this highway links Bhjopur to other major cities and towns like Hile, Dhankuta and Dharan.

Historically it is a part of Majh Kirat (middle Kirat/ Khambuwan), and used to be called "east number 4". Middle Kirat consists mainly of Bhojpur and Khotang districts, the traditional home of kirat Rai people, an indigenous ethnic group of Nepal. In addition to Rais, other ethnic groups include castes like Chhetris, Bahuns, and Dalits.

Background
Bhojpur was a VDC in Bhojpur District before 2014. According to the 2011 Nepal census it had total population of 7,446 with 2,070 households.

On 18 May 2014 Government of Nepal declared 72 new municipality within the hole country. Same time Bhojpur Municipality declared, incorporating Bhojpur, Bhaisipankha, Bokhim and Taksar VDCs diving in 11 ward units.

In March 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured all the local level bodies of Nepal into 753 new local level structures. The previous Aamtep, Helauchha, Siddheshwar and Gupteshwar VDCs merged again in Bhojpur Municipality and rearranged the 11 wards into 12 wards.

Now total area of the municipality is 159.51 km2 and total population according to the 2011 Nepal census is 27,204. The admin headquarter of the municipality is located at Bhojpur Bazar (ward no. 7).

Constituency
Bhojpur Municipality is divide into two Provincial constituencies as below:

People

 * Rai people
 * Newar people

Religion

 * Hindu
 * Buddhism
 * Kirant Mundhum
 * Christian

College & Universities

 * Bhojpur Multiple Campus
 * Nucleus Academy
 * Bidhyodaya Higher Secondary School
 * PanchaKanya Secondary School
 * Yasodhara Higher Secondary School
 * Sidheswor Higher Secondary School
 * Teachers Training Center
 * Shree Janodaya Secondary School
 * Shree Tyamke Primary School
 * Shree Jaunagi Adharbhut School

Tourism Spots

 * Suntale Danda
 * Bhojpur Airport
 * Bokhim
 * Bhaisipankha
 * Dipsha Village
 * Tyamke Dada
 * Maiyung Dada
 * Shilichung
 * Hatuwagadhi
 * Siktel And Pikhuwa KHola
 * Taksar Temple
 * Siddhakali Temple
 * Bhojpur Bazar

Airways
Bhojpur Airport

Public Bus
Bhojpur Bus Park

Notable people

 * Ram Prasad Rai
 * Dayahang Rai
 * Bidhya Devi Bhandari
 * Babu Bhogati
 * Sher Dhan Rai
 * Hom Nath Upadhyaya
 * sudan kirati

title: Bhojpur Municipality


text:
Talk:Dave Barry

Linking Dates
From the [Wikipedia Manual of Style]

Avoid overlinking dates

If the date does not contain a day and a month, date preferences will not work, and square brackets will not respond to your readers' auto-formatting preferences. So unless there is a special relevance of the date link, there is no need to link it.
 * year only. So 1974 → 1974. Generally, do not link, unless they will clearly help the reader to understand the topic.
 * month only. So April → April. Generally, do not link.
 * century. So 20th century → 20th century. Generally, do not link.
 * decade. So 1970s → 1970s. Generally, do not link (including an apostrophe (1970's) is incorrect).
 * year and month. So April 1974 →April 1974 Generally, do not link.
 * day of the week (with or without other date elements). So Tuesday →Tuesday. Generally, do not link.

Pirate introduction
"One of his columns was used (without his permission or objections, or possibly even his knowledge) as the introduction to the book Pirattitude!: So You Wanna Be a Pirate? Here's How! (ISBN 0-451-21649-0)."

This is a silly little paranthetical.

Political Philosophy
Does he really have "libertarian political leanings"? I'm a big fan, and last I checked, he had "humorist" political leanings. That is, he makes fun of everyone. (By the way, I was flipping through the history... that "booger" thing wasn't a test. Barry really does say that all the time. I can't be bothered to put it back in, though.) --MarkusRTK 17:59, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)

Yes, Dave Barry is a libertarian (small-l, not big-L). AFAIK, he doesn't push this in his writings, but there have been articles about 'big name' libertarians, and he has admitted to being one. --emb021

 * Then please cite your source (or sources) about Barry's libertarianism. Where exactly has he admitted to being a libertarian? I think it's odd Barry is categorized as a libertarian but not listed as an American Humorist or an American Columnist. Barry's political convictions are trivia compared with his other accomplishments. Is Barry's alledged political conservatism more important to note in an encyclopedia than his accomplishments as a humor columnist? Notes like this in wikipedia strike me as less about being encylopedic and more about showcasing what's good about one editor's personal politics. Barry's political views have been irrelevant to his humor writings. Should we also categorize him by his blood type or height? Also I am a carrot --User:Astrodominus January 30, 2006
 * Libertairanism: (n) an ideological belief in freedom of thought and speech.

 * Libertarian: Someone who advocates liberty, especially in regard to thought or conduct. (Maquarie dictionary)

 * Being a columnist and writer, it's hardly surprising he'd believe in free speech and thought. Though his background make it interesting. It goes to the type of writer he is. Msandersen

Atheism
Does he really deserve to be linked to for the list of atheists? I wasn't even aware that he was an atheist until I read this, and his website says nothing about it. --mathx314

He was quoted as saying he was an atheist from an early age. What do you mean "deserve"? What's wrong with being an atheist? --BM 01:27, 1 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I'm not necessarily saying that there's anything wrong with it, it's just that I was completely unaware that he was an atheist until this article, and the article almost makes it sound like he's a spokesperson for atheism and not a humor columnist. --mathx314

As he is not even on the list of atheists, atheism is not a major theme in his work (and I assure you all that I am very familiar with his entire corpse), and the fact is mentioned in the article anyway, I do not believe the inclusion of two atheism related articles in a "see also" section is warrented, and will duly remove them. --indecentproposer

 * His "entire corpse?" Um, I think you meant entire corpus, indecentproposer; otherwise we might need to call for an undertaker here. ;)

 * Seriously, though, granting that "atheism is not a major theme in his work," someone has added Barry to the category of "American atheists," and it seems to me that some support for this ought to be added to the main article even if it is only in the Trivia section. There is a quote on this found here and here, but I am not sure if they are duplicates of each other and/or how accurate they are. (They probably are accurate, but I can't document that.) It would be nice to have that "interview with the Fort Worth Star-Telegram" they mention as a primary source, but I did not see an online version of it that is not behind the walls of a paid archive (as it was when I looked at star-telegraph.com just now). --MollyTheCat 10:28, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

There appears to be a contradiction between his being an atheist "from an early age" and being excused military service as a Quaker. How did he become a Quaker with a Presbyterian father? I think some sort of explanation is needed to tie these rather disparate strands together. 87.115.229.15 (talk) 12:12, 22 June 2011 (UTC)

Son's Motorcycle accident
Didn't his son have a motorcycle accident, and he wrote the only serious column of his career about it? 172.173.30.156 18:13, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

 * While he did write a serious article after his sons motorcycle accident, it is most definately not his only serious article. He also wrote a serious (and very moving!) article after his fathers death, and he also wrote 2 very serious articles concerning the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Ubergenius 14:25, 18 September 2006 (UTC)

It was a bicycle accident, His son got hit and broke some bones. No motorcycle. EvangelionTesttype (talk) 23:04, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Two questions: Michelle + a.f.d-b
I had two questions, both about items not in the article. If we can find a source for this data, both items seem worthy of at least a tiny mention. Lawikitejana 21:17, 12 September 2006 (UTC)
 * (1) The article says that his current wife, Michelle, is often mentioned in his columns. Was she ever mentioned by name? While the columns during his marriage to Beth mention her by name, it's been my observation that all the columns since his remarriage mention only "my wife" (thus anyone who was not aware of the divorce might easily assume he still was referring to Beth).
 * (2) I didn't see any mention of the newsgroup alt.fan.dave-barry, which was a major newsgroup for quite some time and to which Barry occasionally posted. The group even had some academic members who reproduced comic experiments of Barry's (such as one involving toasters) and posted their results. After his divorce from his second wife, Beth, one or more occasional participants raised the subject of the divorce — which the regulars had been avoiding — and Barry stopped posting to the group, at least for a time.

 * Yes, he absolutely does mention his wife, Michelle, by name in some more recent columns, as well as referencing her as "my wife" on other occasions. If you will allow me a day or two, I will dig up some specific examples. Ubergenius 19:31, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Beth - second wife?
"Barry and his second wife, Beth, had one child, Robert, in 1980". When/how long was his first marriage?

 * That's an error. Beth was his first wife, and his second wife is named Michelle, who is a sports writer. I will change the article, as I had not caught that before. -- Ubergenius 13:38, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Nope. Beth Barry was indisputably Dave Barry's second wife.  (To the best of my knowledge, he has never mentioned the first wife's name.)  The reason we know she exists is that columns dating from the time of his marriage to Beth reference a previous marriage.  See, for instance, the first column in Dave Barry's Greatest Hits, "Why Humor Is Funny", wherein Barry writes, "my former mother-in-law..." (emphasis mine).  That column cannot have been written later than 1988; he didn't even meet Michelle until 1992.  Changed the information back.  Nightsky 19:56, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I didn't know he was married 3 times, and inferring from articles is never EVER "indisputable". Due to his notable lack of discussion over his divorce, it's entirely possible that he was divorced from Beth when the article was written (hence, "former mother-in-law") yet still has not met Michelle. Do you have any direct evidence (interview, etc.) for this assertation, or are you entirely inferring from his writing (such as "former mother-in-law", etc.)? -- Ubergenius 14:04, 25 September 2006 (UTC)

 * See various sources for third marriage -

 * WE'RE NOT MAKING THIS UP: DAVE BARRY GETS HITCHED
 * Source: JOAN FLEISCHMAN, Herald Columnist
 * David McAlister Barry, 49, author, humorist and Pulitzer Prize-winning Herald columnist, married Michelle Fay Kaufman, 31, a former Detroit Free Press ;;;;sports writer now with The Herald, on Sunday. ``A small, private wedding,'' says Kaufman. His third marriage, her second. The couple honeymooned ;;;;Sunday night in a penthouse suite at the Van Dyke on South Beach. They've told friends they'll throw a party next month to celebrate.
 * Published on November 13, 1996, Page 2B, Miami Herald, The (FL)

$2.95 - St. Louis Post-Dispatch - NewsBank - Jul 6, 1995 And then there's Dave Barry the humanitarian, who once recommended, ... He also met his current wife, Beth, at the paper and divorced his college sweetheart ... Full stories available through NewsBank. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bringhurst (talk • contribs) 02:08, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
 * WE AREN'T MAKING THIS UP DAVE BARRY'S LIFE ISN'T ALL GRINS

This is fact; when he left his previous wife and son, he lost a lot of female readers. His popularity has never been the same. Those readers felt betrayed, and simply lost interest in his work. He has not recovered from that, but that is the elephant in the room that is never mentioned. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.92.14.172 (talk) 03:41, 15 May 2010 (UTC)
 * NO ONE EVER MENTIONS THAT HIS POPULARITY FELL WHEN HE DIVORCED HIS FORMER WIFE

Dave Barry For President
No, I am not spamming here, just curious why one of his major recurring themes is not mentioned in his article. I voted for him.

http://www.davebarry.com/president/dave2k/index.htm

CodeCarpenter 14:09, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

In the Collarboration section
Should I add the books he has done with that other guy that is listed in the fiction section? EvangelionTesttype (talk) 23:15, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Non Fiction?
I don't really think the books that are in the nonfiction section really are non fiction --SaSqUaTcHxliican talk and Edit 01:39, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Those books are collections of essays and/or commentary, which definitely are non-fiction (even though, as Dave says, he lies a lot). --laneystrange

Dave Barry's Guide to Life
My copy of this book contains "Stay Fit and Healthy Until You're Dead", not "The Taming of the Screw". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.149.23.186 (talk) 14:51, 7 December 2014 (UTC)

No mention of ClariNet?
Why not add a note about ClariNet and clari.feature.dave_barry as it was a very popular Usenet feed that was read (and copied) by many. Also many Unix fortune programs have Dave Barry quotes (possibly copied from clari.feature.dave_barry.)

--Topher67 (talk) 21:01, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

First wife
There is ample evidence (see above) that Dave Barry was married to Ann Shelnutt before divorcing her to marry Beth. An editor didn't like my first choice. Here are more: http://qileniu.blogspot.com/2010/07/biography-of-dave-barry.html, http://theenchantedmanor.com/tag/dave-barry/, http://www.wiki30.com/wa?s=Dave_Barry (hard to get enthused because it has both but then says Beth was first wife); http://research-paper-writers.blogspot.com/2013/03/dave-barry-biography.html (like this best because it has dates); https://pikesvillehslibrary.pbworks.com/w/page/64000445/Alex%20Jerome (I kind of vote for this one).

There are autobiographical references by someone claiming to be Ann Shelnutt, but it's probably better to omit those.

While it is clear that he has been married three times, it is hard to find citations that aren't mirrors or derivative of each other. Is this one the original or a derivative:https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Dave_Barry? The NY Times probably isn't going to cover this. Comments? Student7 (talk) 20:37, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I don't think any of those would be considered reliable sources for a BLP. Did you try looking through all the refs used by the pikesvillehslibrary.pbworks.com to see if any would help?
 * I looked around a bit and found nothing but unreliable sources (eg http://armonk.dailyvoice.com/lifestyle/happy-birthday-to-armonks-dave-barry/649494/ ). I'm afraid be difficult to finding something published around the time frame when they were married. It doesn't look like he came to prominence until years later, but maybe an early bio about him would cover it, perhaps written when he received his 88 Pulitzer? --Ronz (talk) 22:06, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Not sure if this helps: https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7104439/the_morning_news/ . Details seem to match, but still feels a little OR. Kuru   (talk)  23:11, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I think that should be fine. The information matches what we have, so the news clip isn't about someone else. --Ronz (talk) 02:15, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

What about Walter?
Why has Walter been glossed over? 8.26.225.239 (talk) 09:53, 19 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dave Barry


text:
New Democratic Party of Prince Edward Island

The New Democratic Party of Prince Edward Island (NDP PEI) is a social democratic political party in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and a branch of the federal New Democratic Party (NDP).

CCF
The NDP's predecessor, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), began in 1936 when a CCF club was founded in the Bedeque region during a visit by CCF MP Ted Garland. But the Island CCF did not run candidates until 1943 when the national party made a concerted effort to rally the party by sending an organizer to recruit several candidates to run in the 1943 provincial election. Later that year, a founding convention was held with York South MP Joseph Noseworthy as guest speaker. Irving Toombs was elected president and Douglas MacFarlane provincial secretary.

The CCF ran candidates on the Island in the 1945 federal election, for the first time federally, and again in a provincial by-election in December. In the 1947 provincial election, the CCF contested 16 seats. The party only contested five seats in the 1951 election, however, due to bad road conditions and high deposits. The CCF's candidate that year in 3rd Prince, Hilda Ramsay, became the first woman ever to run in a PEI provincial election.

While not contesting any further provincial elections, the CCF ran one candidate in PEI in the 1953 federal election, three in the 1957 federal election and one in 1958.

NDP
The NDP PEI was founded at a convention in Charlottetown on November 25, 1961, three months after the founding of the New Democratic Party of Canada. Federal leader Tommy Douglas addressed the meeting and Ian Webster was elected provincial president and Lorne Perry vice president. The NDP went on to stand a full slate of four candidates in PEI during the 1962 federal election and, thereafter, ran full slates on the island during federal elections.

The 1968 federal election saw Charlottetown teacher David Hall in Hillsborough make the party's strongest showing. He was subsequently chosen as the PEI NDP's first provincial leader. The party contested three provincial by-elections in 1972, its first attempt at provincial seats since the CCF days, and received 5.2 per cent of the total vote. Aquinas Ryan, a school principal from Morell in Kings County, led the party into the 1974 provincial general election and got 5.9% of the vote, but due to internal bickering, the party fell in the polls.

1993–2007
In the 1993 election, under the leadership of Larry Duchesne, the party share of the popular vote rose to 5.4%. Dr. Herb Dickieson took over as leader, and changed the name of the party from the PEI NDP, to the "Island New Democrats". In the 1996 election, the party captured 7.8% of the vote, and Dr. Dickieson was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island for the riding of West Point-Bloomfield. He was the first member of a third party to ever win a seat to the PEI Legislative Assembly. Dr. Dickieson narrowly lost his seat in the 2000 election despite the party's overall popular vote rising to 8.4%.

During the 2003 provincial election, the party lacked funds and were poorly organized. The party lost its base of support, only capturing 3% of the popular vote. Some within the party credit this to the return to the Liberal Party of Prince Edward Island of many voters who left the party following the Liberal provincial government's decision to reduce wages of all public employees by 7.5% in the early 1990s. The budget for the 2003 election was estimated to be around $30,000, compared to nearly $1 million for each of the other parties.

Robichaud resigned as leader on June 23, 2005, for health reasons after battling inoperable lung cancer for two years and died shortly afterward. He was replaced in 2006 by Dean Constable, a theatre stage manager for the Charlottetown Festival.

2007–present
The party performed poorly in the 2007 election, finishing behind the Green Party of Prince Edward Island with just 1.96% of the total vote or 3.48% in contested ridings. They finished fourth behind the Liberal, Progressive Conservative and Green parties. Dean Constable announced his resignation as leader on August 26, 2007. The party announced it would appoint an interim leader at or before its annual general meeting in November 2007, and hold a leadership convention in April 2008.

James Rodd took the job of interim leader after Dean Constable's resignation, and was elected leader on a permanent basis on April 4, 2009. He led the party into the 2011 election, where the party ran 14 candidates and was soundly defeated with 3.16% of the total vote or 5.84% in contested ridings. On February 8, 2012, Rodd announced that he would resign as leader.

On October 13, 2012, the NDP elected Michael Redmond as the new leader by a vote of 152 to 28 against party activist Trevor Leclerc. Under Redmond's leadership, in March 2013 the party placed second in a provincial public opinion poll, ahead of the Prince Edward Island Progressive Conservative Party, for the first time in its history. The party ran a full slate of candidates (27), but was again shut out of the legislature when it failed to win a seat in the 2015 election. Redmond resigned as leader of the party on December 6, 2017.

There was a leadership convention on April 7, 2018 that elected Joe Byrne as the new leader. Byrne resigned as leader on September 1, 2020.

Michelle Neill was confirmed party leader on April 23, 2022.

Leaders

 * David Hall, 1972
 * Aquinas Ryan, 1972–79
 * Doreen Sark, 1979–81 (interim)
 * Douglas Murray, 1981–82
 * David Burke, 1982–83 (interim)
 * Jim Mayne, 1983–89
 * Dolores Crane, 1989–91 (interim)
 * Larry Duchesne, 1991–95
 * Herb Dickieson, 1995–2002
 * Gary Robichaud, 2002–05
 * Vacant, 2005–06
 * Dean Constable, 2006–07
 * James Rodd, 2007–09 (interim), 2009–12
 * Michael Redmond, 2012–17
 * Vacant, 2017–18
 * Joe Byrne, 2018–20
 * Vacant, 2020–22
 * Michelle Neill, 2022–present

NDP Members of the PEI Legislative Assembly
There are currently no New Democrats in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island. In the past, only one individual has been elected as a New Democrat:
 * Dr. Herb Dickieson, MLA for West Point-Bloomfield 1996–2000, also Leader of the PEI NDP 1995–2002


text:
User:SixSigma

Six Sigma Dabbawala Happy Hardcore

title: User:SixSigma


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Zoom Out

Zoom Out
Zoom Out was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. This articvle was speedy-deleted while discussion was underway.

Web comic. No evidence of notability given. Tuf-Kat 18:04, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. Spam. [[User:David_Johnson|David Johnson [ T|C ] ]] 00:28, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete --fvw *  02:21, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Speedy deleted by me as spam: one line (using screen names) and then the link.  Those who disagree may pursue it at Votes for Undeletion. Geogre 05:12, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Islamic Democracy

Islamic Democracy
Islamic Democracy was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep.

This is an essay and not an encyclopedia article. Tuf-Kat 18:05, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Personal essay. -- Antaeus Feldspar 20:08, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)  Keep the new content of the article.  It needs work but it's a damn good start.  Nice work, 146.176.2.17! -- Antaeus Feldspar 22:35, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * del, ditto. Katefan0 21:25, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Indeed, it seems to be a copy-and-paste text dump of this editorial. I have removed the material and listed it on WP:CP accordingly. [[User:Livajo|Ливай | ☺]] 23:06, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Oh, and for the record, delete . [[User:Livajo|Ливай | ☺]] 23:06, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I am impressed with the rewrite and feel that it has potential to be a good NPOV encyclopedic article. Keep. [[User:Livajo|Ливай | ☺]] 00:37, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Hi there, I feel that this is a useful article in certain ways. I have added a list of Islamic democracies, as far as I can find them. Please tell me what you think of the new version, and if it can be "saved" - RB p.s. I am not a Muslim, so impartial in this matter.
 * Hi anonymous contributor. I think this is very important subject and I very much hope a wikipedia-compatible article about it can be created. It may help if you read about Neutral point of view and Cite sources and go back to work on the article. Kappa 00:25, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Dear Kappa, I have attempted to 'improve' the article to the best of my knowledge, although most of the new contribution has been on the western democracies, and the former Soviet Union. The article probably needs a good list of "see also"s. Hopefully it should barely resemble the original cut and paste job, but still deal with Islamic democracy. - R.B. p.s. I'm just going to add one more section, so see what you think...
 * Keep. The article has a ways to go yet, but it's definitely coming together as an article, and it certainly doesn't qualify under the deletion policy.  I hope those who have made improvements will continue to do so! Jwrosenzweig 20:58, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Certainly Keep now, continued improvement would be great. Kappa 22:17, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Significantly expanded - keep. Samaritan 00:44, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't particularly like the article in its current state, but it has potential. 'Keep. -- Jmabel | Talk 00:55, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * - Jmabel, please tell me what you don't like about it, and maybe it can be set right. RB

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.