text:
Talk:Project BLUEBIRD

Is this reliable
I just want to make sure that the source that wrote this is correct about this operation. To the person who wrote this: Are you positive that this happened?

--Rentastrawberry 00:16, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Well, the article is worded to sound attention-getting, but yes, it's accurate. The CIA didn't call it "mind control", they called it "behavior control". And LSD wasn't widely known at the time. The experiments were largely failures, since the primary goals – making an agent immune to interrogation, or finding a way of forcing a captured spy reveal all he knew – were never met. – Quadell (talk) (help)  01:02, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)

Sounds like a Scientology tract
This article is suspicious, especially the parts about children and electroconvulsive therapy. The ideas here are identical to those in Scientology. Are there any Internet references, or any other books? A2Kafir 17:19, 26 May 2005 (UTC)

This is true--- there have also been projects involving service men and prostitutes in San Francisco in the sixties using LSD as a means for extra sensory perception.I believe it is called mk ultra. :)kharrison...Nov 4, 2006 Who is to say that this kind of thing has ever stopped?

Sources?
I question that this text constitutes a valid source:

BLUEBIRD: Deliberate Creation of Multiple Personalities by Psychiatrists, Colin A. Ross, M.D., Richardson, Texas: Manitou Communications, 2000.

Does anyone have the document available to link to? If so, does that link exist on a reliable site? Have any editors actually read this document?

Alpha262 21:04, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

 * It's mentioned on a number of websites (mostly blogs), but I can't find any authoritative references to it. – Quadell (talk) (random) 20:26, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

Found verifiable source
I draw your attention to this document, the only reference to Project Bluebird I could find on any U.S. Government site; this one comes directly from cia.gov under the FIA. It was released in 2004. See |ARTICHOKE|BLUEBIRD&case_no=F-2001-01749&copyright=0&release_dec=RIPPUB&classification=U&showPage=0001 this location for the document. A 'keyword' to find this document was bluebird, among others. I recognise this does not verify most of the substance of the article, i.e. if the CIA actually took part in the program and to what extent, however this is enough to show that "Bluebird" is a keyword of material the CIA investigated regarding mind control and hypnosis. DanielBC [talkcontribstats] 13:32, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

Disputed
The info in this article comes mainly from one source - a fellow (Colin Ross, M.D.) who seems very much a conspiracy theorist. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.220.169.35 (talk) 02:24, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

Agreed. Anyone want to fill it out with some of other info available on project bluebird? Marks is a good source to start with (http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/lsd/marks2.htm) or you can just google "Project Bluebird" and "CIA". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.220.104.89 (talk) 10:10, 20 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Project BLUEBIRD


text:
Salim Kechiouche

Salim Kechiouche (born 2 April 1979) is a French actor.

Early life
He was born to Algerian parents. While 15 years old, he was first discovered by French actor director Gaël Morel. Morel gave him his first role in a feature film, À Toute Vitesse (Full Speed), released in 1996. Kechiouche has acted in most of Morel's works, including Premières Neiges in 1999, 3 Dancing Slaves (Le Clan) in 2004 and After Him (Après lui) in 2007. He entered acting school and graduated in 2002.

Salim Kechiouche now lives in Paris, dividing his time between cinema and the stage.

Film and stage
In addition to Morel, Kechiouche has worked with other French directors such as François Ozon, as well as with non-French directors.

In 2003, Kechiouche played the role of Karim in Gigolo, directed by German director Bastian Schweitzer, opposite Amanda Lear. Kechiouche played a self-destructive gigolo trying to get his life back on track in the jet-set world of Paris. The film was nominated for a Golden Bear Award in the Best Short Film category at the 2005 Berlin International Film Festival.

Kechiouche has acted in short and feature films, plays and TV series. His movies include Grande École (2004), playing Mécir, and Le Clan (2004), released as Three Dancing Slaves in the U.S.. On stage in Paris, he played the role of Giuseppe Pelosi, the killer and lover of Pier Paolo Pasolini in Vie et Mort de Pier Paolo Pasolini, written by Michel Azama.

Kechiouche was kick boxing champion of France in 1998 and first runner-up in Thai boxing in 1999 and in 2002. His boxing skills were used on a few occasions in some of his films where he played a boxer, such as Les Amants Criminels, Archives De Nuit, Le Clan, Nos Retrouvailles, and when playing himself in the experimental film Cinématon.

He has appeared in full-frontal nude scenes in at least two films. In Francois Ozon's 1999 film, Les Amants Criminels, released as Criminal Lovers in the U.S. A few years later, Kechiouche had a lengthy full-frontal scene in Grande École.

Modeling
Pierre et Gilles produced photographs and paintings related to Les Amants Criminels and for the play Vie et Mort de Pier Paolo Pasolini in 2003. Youssef Nabil and Michel Giliberti also created a dozen paintings in 2005 and 2006. Kechiouche appeared with French actress Julie-Marie Parmentier in the photo series Doppelgänger (2007) by French photographer Raphaël Neal.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Salim Kechiouche


text:
Keithsburg

Keithsburg may refer to:

 * Keithsburg, Georgia
 * Keithsburg, Illinois

title: Keithsburg


text: Talk:Leif Garrett (album)

title: Talk:Leif Garrett (album)


text:
CSS George Page

CSS George Page, a 410-ton sidewheel steamship, was originally built as a transport at Washington, D.C. in 1853.

She was attached to the Quartermaster's Department of the United States Army, until captured by the Confederates at nearby Aquia Creek, Virginia in May 1861, when she became a part of the Virginia Navy. In June 1861 Virginia transferred her vessels to the Confederate States Navy and George Page, commanded by Lieutenant Charles Carroll Simms, CSN, was fitted out for river defense service, and sometime later renamed City of Richmond. Her upper works may have been removed at this time.

She operated in the Potomac River in the vicinity of Quantico Creek. On July 7, 1861, she was damaged by gunfire from USS Pocahontas. George Page was destroyed by her crew upon abandonment of the Evansport batteries on March 9, 1862.

title: CSS George Page


text:
Talk:Hitchhiker (The Texas Chainsaw Massacre)

Untitled
A disambiguation page must be created to also refer to a nubbin-tail

Where is the character from TCM referred to as "Nubbin"? Шизомби 18:49, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

 * That's a really good question --Myles Long 22:28, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Is it okay if I move this to Edward Sawyer?--CyberGhostface 18:44, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

He was called thet innuber two by draton and I qoute"come here NUBBINS" Lord Ciron 2.0

Mental ilness
shoundnt be notted that he could have some sort of metal ilness, i mean, he is a little crazy. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 156.34.211.239 (talk) 18:56, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

Remake
What about the girl that was picked up early in the film in the remake? Does her character correspond to this character in the original film? If so, shouldn't there be a section of this page about her? I'm new to Wikipedia and wouldn't dare writing it myself until I had some more experience. Gay15boy 12:45, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I don't know. To me, their only connection is that they are both hitchhikers who (on purpose or inadvertently) lead the teens to Leatherface. But they aren't the same character. It would be like having a section on Luda May on Drayton Sawyer's article because they are both oddballs running a store that the teens go to and they are both the patriatch/matriatch of their respective families.--CyberGhostface 21:42, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I originally meant to mention the girl from the remake (as well as how Hoyt's death is similar to Hitchhiker's) in the article when I rewrote portions of it, but decided against after realizing the credits listed her as "Teenage Girl" instead of "Hitchhiker" like I originally thought. Lord Crayak 22:48, 27 October 2007 (UTC)


text:
Samuel Woodworth

Samuel Woodworth (January 13, 1784 – December 9, 1842) was an American author, literary journalist, playwright, librettist, and poet. He is best remembered for the poem "The Old Oaken Bucket" (1817), but he is also the first American to write a historical novel.

Life
Woodworth was born in Scituate, Massachusetts, to Revolutionary War veteran Benjamin Woodworth and his wife Abigail Bryant. He was apprenticed to Benjamin Russell, editor of the Columbian Sentinel. He then moved to New Haven, Connecticut, where he briefly published the Belles-Lettres Repository, a weekly. He next moved to New York City, but recalled New Haven in his A Poem: New Haven.

Woodworth married Lydia Reeder in New York City on September 23, 1810. They had ten children between 1811 and 1829. Woodworth remained in New York for the rest of his life, dying there on December 9, 1842.

Woodworth's son, Selim E. Woodworth, was a U.S. Navy officer who took part in the rescue of the snowbound Donner Party in California. The USS Woodworth (DD-460) was named for him.

"The Old Oaken Bucket"
Woodworth is best known for the poem "The Old Oaken Bucket" (1817). The first stanza reads:

"How dear to this heart are the scenes of my childhood, When fond recollection presents them to view! The orchard, the meadow, the deep-tangled wild-wood, And every loved spot which my infancy knew! The wide-spreading pond, and the mill that stood by it, The bridge, and the rock where the cataract fell, The cot of my father, the dairy-house nigh it, And e'en the rude bucket that hung in the well- The old oaken bucket, the iron-bound bucket, The moss-covered bucket which hung in the well."

In 1826 the poem was set to music by George Kiallmark and by the early 20th Century it became one of America's most popular songs. It was recorded in 1899 by The Haydn Quartet, a famous barbershop quartet, and was released on Berliner Gramophone.

The Old Oaken Bucket House
The Old Oaken Bucket House in Scituate, Massachusetts is on the National Register of Historic Places. A sign on the house reads: "1630-1930 THE OLD OAKEN BUCKET Homestead and well made famous by Samuel Woodworth in his poem 'The Old Oaken Bucket.' Homestead erected by John Northey in 1675: Poet born in Scituate January 13, 1784. Massachusetts Bay Colony Tercentenary Commission."

The Old Oaken Bucket trophy
The Old Oaken Bucket trophy has been awarded every year since 1925 to the winner of the Big Ten Conference college football game between Purdue University and Indiana University. Although Woodworth was not from Indiana, the trophy's name refers to the sentiment that Hoosiers have for their home state.

Published poetry

 * "The Hunters of Kentucky"
 * The Heroes of the lake : a poem, in two books
 * Ode written for the celebration of the French Revolution, in the city of New York
 * An excursion of the dog-cart : a poem
 * Bubble & squeak, or, A dish of all sorts : being a collection of American poems
 * New-Haven : a poem, satirical and sentimental, with critical, humorous, descriptive, historical, biographical, and explanatory notes
 * The poetical works of Samuel Woodworth
 * Quarter-day, or, The horrors of the first of May : a poem
 * Erie and Champlain, or, Champlain and Plattsburg : an ode
 * "American Music: Remembering Samuel Woodworth" - excerpts of his verse and songs

Plays

 * La Fayette, or, The Castle of Olmutz
 * King's Bridge Cottage : a revolutionary tale founded on an incident which occurred a few days previous to the evacuation of N. York by the British : a drama in two acts
 * The widow's son, or, Which is the traitor : a melo-drama in three acts
 * Bunker-Hill, or, The death of General Warren : an historic tragedy, in five acts
 * The Foundling of the Sea

Opera librettos

 * The deed of gift : a comic opera in three acts
 * The forest rose, or, American farmers : a drama in two acts

Novel

 * The Champions of Freedom, or The Mysterious Chief, A Romance of the Nineteenth Century, Founded on the Events of the War, Between the United States and Great Britain, which Terminated in March, 1815 (1816), the first historical novel by an American author

Hymn

 * Samuel was a founding member of the New York Society of the New Church (Swedenborgian) and one of his poems became a hymn - "Oh for a seraph's golden lyre" - which is still sung by some New Church congregations.

title: Samuel Woodworth


text:
Talk:Quiznos

False Advertising
Does anyone remember a few years ago when Quiznos advertised how they were using "real" meat, despite the fact all of their meat products were sliced from chopped and pressed loaves. Aaronproot
 * It certainly tastes more real, having the fibrous texture of 'real' meat, though I don't think that's a good thing. It falls apart, unlike Subway's heated-tray-meat.

Possible Origin of Quizno Name
Quisno's Sub Shop was opened around 1963 just off the Ohio State University Campus, at (I think) 12 Chittenden Avenue near High Street. It sold sub sandwiches and pizzas and various beverages including Stroh's beer. All the subs featured nearby "Cecutti's New World Bakery" Italian bread. Ohio State was on-and-off the nation's highest population university in that period, with around 50,000 students and roughly 80,000 total campus population in the late 60's/ early 70's. There must be a quarter million people who know of the Quisno name connected with that little beatnik-hippie era campus dive.

This size university population, dispersing around the nation, would have put the name into fairly wide circulation. My recollection is that Quisno, the original owner, sold the shop sometime in the 70's or early 80's. There was a Quisno's in the food court of the Lane Avenue Mall just west of campus in the early 80's selling the original menu. I never knew if this was a relocation of the original shop, or an early franchise.

My wife visited a Puget Sound modern Quizno shop in the early 2000's and said there was no resemblance to the original Quisno recipe we knew. We don't have any way to know if today's Quizno chain bought out the original shop or early franchise, or if some completely unrelated sub chain somehow learned of the name and decided to apply it to their company.

Ddaye (talk) 04:31, 8 June 2010 (UTC)

 * They had a take out counter and a small dining room. I always ate their sausage patty sub sandwich-it was hot!I have been trying to duplicate the recipe ever since. 139.137.128.57 (talk) 01:43, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Can you please distribute your recipe? I still dream of Quisnos. 172.242.217.151 (talk) 23:33, 18 November 2022 (UTC)

The story on the back of their soda cups claims they were "born" in Denver, Colorado "20 years ago" or something to that effect, I havent been to Quiznos since last week so my memory might be a bit fuzzy! :)

Cfagan1987 (talk) 20:09, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

Actually, the shop near the OSU campus was owned by Charlie and Judy Quisno (different spelling). I worked there for several years in the early '70s. The couple divorced quite a while ago and Charlie died earlier this year. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.219.155.3 (talk) 20:01, 9 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I was a student at OSU in the late 60's and I loved the place. No better sub have I ever had. 67.85.216.96 (talk) 01:43, 8 March 2024 (UTC)

BillStuntz (talk) 13:28, 13 August 2014 (UTC)

I agree with everything above, except the address - it was actually 9 Chittenden, on the SOUTH side of the street. I think I still have my old blue delivery jacket with the "Peace" sign around somewhere. — Preceding unsigned comment added by BillStuntz (talk • contribs) 13:24, 13 August 2014 (UTC)

 * I lived in Park Hall in the late 60's and we often went to Quisno's for our "study snack". I always got the hot Italian sub and it was really good.  We also would have a food truck that stopped near the front of Park Hall - we called it "the barf wagon", and for a while there was late night burger and fries in the Baker Hall commissary.  We always got the munchies about 10PM. John Rittenhour 216.115.252.46 (talk) 20:04, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
 * My great uncle was the original owner in Columbus! My family has some original merch still. It’s always a fun story when I’m asked if my last name is “like the subs” and I get to say, well actually, yes! From what I was told, he sold the shop, the S was changed to a Z, they moved it out to Colorado and the rest is history. Love seeing all these comments of those who got to experience Quisno’s. I’ll have to show my dad. Annieq005 (talk) 19:41, 12 July 2024 (UTC)

Todd Disner founded QUIZNOS in Denver. His girlfriend went to school in Ohio and often ate at Quisnos. Disner changed the "S" to "Z" to try to establish a GENERIC meaning for his high quality sandwich. Tdisner (talk) 18:48, 5 February 2020 (UTC)

MENU ITEMS
Someone might want to add a section in the article that lists the different menu items offered in a Quizno's shop. Maybe somebody can answer a question for me: What exactly do they use for the lobster salad? It not soft like imitation crab usually is. Its hard like a piece of lobster tail would be. But I wouldnt expect real lobster in the lobster salad of a sandwich chain. So what is it? Personally I like it. If its imitation lobster, the manufacturer does a good job. Marc S., Dania Fl 206.192.35.125 (talk) 17:15, 22 June 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Number of locations
The article currently cites about 500 locations, but a check of quiznos.com indicates they have significantly fewer. I couldn't find any indication of locations outside the US 9including the contact form for that is US-only), and the web scraping report at https://www.scrapehero.com/location-reports/Quiznos-USA/ says they are down to 211 locations in the US. Spot-checking Quiznos' own map matches the reported values, so it appears to be correct and can be manually verified.

I have no idea if web scraping is a high enough quality source to cite on Wikipedia, so I'm hesitant to edit the article.

2601:C2:4100:3468:E97C:9E31:D263:710F (talk) 20:14, 15 November 2021 (UTC)

Lawsuits & Controversies
The way this section of the pages is written reads exactly like the 2007 NY Times Article written about Quiznos. It seems like that article was copy pasted & some synonyms were replaced to give it the illusion of being original. Its almost plagerized verbatim. Thats just wrong. The article can be found at this link, the similarities are astonishing.

https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/24/business/24quiznos.html 2600:8800:2004:8100:99ED:C30B:71C7:52E4 (talk) 05:01, 26 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Quiznos


text:
Kellyville

Kellyville may refer to:

Australia

 * Kellyville, New South Wales, suburb of Sydney
 * Kellyville Ridge, New South Wales, suburb of Sydney
 * North Kellyville, New South Wales, suburb of Sydney

United States

 * Kellyville, Kentucky, United States
 * Kellyville, Oklahoma, United States
 * Kellyville, Pennsylvania (in Delaware County, Pennsylvania)
 * Kellyville, Texas, United States

title: Kellyville


text:
Rockland, Ontario

Rockland is a bilingual community located about 40 km east of downtown Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Clarence-Rockland. Rockland has a population of 26,505 (2021). It is home to a large part of the francophone community in Eastern Ontario along with the towns situated to the east and the Ottawa suburb of Orleans to the west.

History
The Clarence region began growing in 1840 with the development of the road to l'Orignal-Bytown. Before then, farmers relentlessly cleared wooded space to be able to cultivate land, their only means of survival. In 1868, a young entrepreneur, William Cameron Edwards, decided to establish a sawmill at the McCaul point. The opening of a link to the Grand Trunk Railway followed in 1888 to allow wood and merchandise to be transported. Edwards, who held timber rights in the area and was also the first postmaster, named the area for the rocky nature of its landscape. The post office dates from 1869.

In 1889, the mission served by the priest Caron from Clarence-Creek became a parish. The first priest of the new parish was Siméon Hudon, native of Québec City. The first school opened in 1875 while the first high-school opened in 1905.

Construction of a second railroad in 1908 linking Ottawa and Hawkesbury greatly promoted population. In effect, for 75 cents (return) people could go to Ottawa to run errands and return in the same day. The woodmill owned by W. C. Edwards closed in 1926, as a result of the economic turmoil following the First World War. A large part of the population moved to the province of Quebec to find employment in the woodmills in Hull and Gatineau. Economic recovery began in 1939 with the start of the Second World War, and the return of soldiers after the war brought an increase in population. Construction of homes increased rapidly creating a need for expanded water services, electricity and a sewer system implemented in 1964.

Throughout the 1970s, Rockland was a small community with a population of about 3,500 people. Since the turn of the millennium, it has seen rapid growth in housing development. Prior to 2000, the number of new homes built were below 60 or 70 annually, but in the period between 2000 and 2010, the total number of new homes built was 2185.

Leisure
In 2008, Rockland opened a 45000 sqft recreation centre, featuring a library, a YMCA, indoor swimming pool, and gymnasium, and theatre.

A sporting event and training center opened in Rockland in 2011, featuring ice rinks, soccer fields, a baseball diamond and a running track. It is a national training facility for Hockey Canada.

The Rockland Golf Club is located here.

Parks include Du Moulin Park, with boat ramps to the Ottawa River, and the Simon park, with a baseball field.

Education
There are a variety of schools in Rockland including Anglophone public, Francophone public, Anglophone Catholic, and Francophone Catholic.

Elementary

 * Rockland Public School (RKPS)
 * St. Patrick Catholic Elementary School
 * École élémentaire catholique Sainte-Trinité
 * École Carrefour Jeunesse

High school

 * École secondaire catholique L'Escale
 * Rockland District High School (RDHS)
 * St. Francis Xavier Catholic High School (St. FX) located in Hammond but attended by many students from Rockland
 * Canadian International Hockey Academy

Adult

 * Eastern Ontario Education and Training Centre

Music

 * Rockland Music School
 * Domenic's Academy of Music

Transportation
The community is served by Prescott-Russell Road 17, a two-lane road that by-passes the centre of the community to its north, though multiple businesses including big-box stores have been built along the roadway over the past several years. Heading west, it becomes Ottawa Road 174 heading towards Orleans and downtown Ottawa via Highway 417. Eastward it connects to municipalities such as Wendover, Alfred, Plantagenet and Hawkesbury. Prior to the downgrading of multiple roads across the province by the Ontario government during the 1990s, it was known as Ontario Highway 17 east of the Highway 417 and 174 split. During the past several years, there have been calls to widen Highway 174 between Trim Road and Rockland although the city of Ottawa had previously refused funding for the highway. However, some Ottawa councillors as well as the federal government have expressed support for the widen due to safety reasons and multiple fatal crashes.

The community was also served by a commuter bus line operated by Leduc Bus Lines which offered 10–12 trips from the village to downtown Ottawa and Gatineau during rush hour. However, this service has been indefinitely suspended since 2020 citing health concerns and lack of demand.

The community of Rockland expressed wishes to establish OC Transpo connections by the end of 2015 in hopes of exchanging Ottawa city culture with the rural French community that inhabits Rockland. However, given Rockland being outside the service area of OC Transpo, this connection has yet to be established.

title: Rockland, Ontario


text: User talk:80.44.248.190

title: User talk:80.44.248.190


text:
Talk:Leave Home

Carbona Not Glue
Isn't it so that the 2nd US version featured "Sheena is a punk rocker", and the second European version "Babysitter"?(MrDeBeuker 19:43, 7 February 2006 (UTC))

Yep. The discography is misleading. "Carbona Not Glue" appeared only on early vinyl (and possibly cassette) pressings of the album and was pulled a few months after the initial release. The studio version of the song did turn up much later on compilation albums, and the band did continue doing the song live. Timothy Horrigan (talk) 21:26, 7 December 2008 (UTC)

 * note* my (UK) copy of Leave Home has Babysitter listed on the vinyl label and on the back of the sleeve, and has the lyrics printed in full on the inner sleeve. 86.22.144.3 (talk) 15:28, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

i am going to expand the living bejesus out of this page
it seems that a lot of bands and artists of similar popularity and influence often get a lot more pages than the ramones, and i seek to change that. if i can get enough in here, i hope to restore each song tp its' own (expanded) aritcle, likewise with the other albums. any help with the expansion or comments, concerns etc should go to my talk page. peace. Joeyramoney 02:46, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

 * donesir. the article has now more than doubled in length. expect likewise for other ramones albums. Joeyramoney 23:36, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Original Research in Writer Credits
Once again, someone has decided to use composer credit derived from reading a book about the Ramones rather than the credits as clearly stated on every LP and CD issue of this album.

And they appear to have done this with all the other early Ramones albums. Perhaps it was the same person who also used to append Pete Townshend as the co-composer of certain Clash songs, based on similarities between those songs and some by the Who? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.92.148.18 (talk) 20:24, 15 November 2011 (UTC)

Publicized with three singles?
Is it really correct to say the album was publicized with 3 singles, when 1 of them was actually released 14 years after the album? I think it would be more correct to say 2 singles, while still mentioning the later Subpop release. Robman94 (talk) 19:01, 9 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Agreed, I reworded it to: The album spawned three singles, but only one succeeded in charting. Crowz  RSA  19:37, 9 February 2014 (UTC)

Cover art
The page states that "The album cover was designed by Moshe Brakha, who had worked with the Rolling Stones to yield the Black and Blue (1976) cover art", but according to the Rolling Stones Black & Blue page the cover photograph was done by fashion photographer Hiro. There's no actual source for that quote, but it seems to come from the book "Sonic Cool: The Life & Death of Rock 'n' Roll" by Joe S. Harrington, as seen here on books.google.com:

"their second album, Leave Home, featured a cover photo by Moshe Brakha, who'd done the Rolling Stone's Black & Blue".

It seems to me that the author has confused the Rolling Stones album with this LP of the band Black'N'Blue, which does have photography by Moshe Brakha: https://www.discogs.com/release/1855331-Black-N-Blue-Without-Love Petetnt (talk) 14:25, 14 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Leave Home


text:
Kenansville

Kenansville is the name of two communities in the United States:
 * Kenansville, North Carolina
 * Kenansville, Florida

title: Kenansville


text:
Gottleuba Dam

The Gottleuba Dam is the second highest dam in Saxony, Germany. It serves as a reservoir for water supply for the town Pirna and provides flood protection, but energy production is small. The dam was built between 1965 and 1974. It is located at the northern foot of the Ore Mountains, southwest of Bad Gottleuba. It dams up the Gottleuba river.

Above the concrete dam is a lookout point. The dam is not accessible to the public. Bathing and leisure sport in the lake is not allowed, since it is for drinking water. Entry around the lake is allowed.

title: Gottleuba Dam


text:
Kurtis Kraft

Kurtis Kraft  was an American designer and builder of race cars. The company built midget cars, quartermidgets, sports cars, sprint cars, Bonneville cars, and USAC Championship cars. It was founded by Frank Kurtis when he built his own midget car chassis in the late 1930s.

Kurtis built some very low fiberglass bodied two-seaters sports cars under his own name in Glendale, California between 1949 and 1955. Ford (US) running gear was used. About 36 Kurtis Sport Cars had been made when the licence was sold to Earl "Madman" Muntz who built the Muntz Jet. In 1954 and 1955, road versions of their Indianapolis racers were offered.

Kurtis Kraft created 387 midget cars, some ready to race and some without engines or otherwise incomplete. Parts for several dozen were sold also, possibly as "kits." The Kurtis Kraft chassis midget car featured a smaller version of the Offenhauser motor. The National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame describes the combination as "virtually unbeatable for over twenty years." Kurtis Kraft also created 120 Indianapolis 500 cars, including five winners. Kurtis sold the midget car portion of the business to Johnny Pawl in the late 1950s, and the quarter midget business to Ralph Potter in 1962.

Frank Kurtis was the first non-driver inducted in the National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame (U.S.). Zeke Justice and Ed Justice of the Justice Brothers both worked at Kurtis-Kraft after World War II. Zeke Justice was the first employee at Kurtis-Kraft.

The FIA World Drivers' Championship included the Indianapolis 500 between 1950 and 1960, so many Kurtis Kraft cars are credited with competing in that championship. One Kurtis midget car was also entered in the 1959 Formula One United States Grand Prix driven by Rodger Ward. It was not designed for international-style road racing and with an undersized engine it circulated at the back of the field for 20 laps before retiring with clutch problems.

title: Kurtis Kraft


text:
Swin Cash

Swintayla Marie "Swin" Cash Canal (born September 22, 1979) is an American former professional basketball player who played professionally for 15 seasons in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She currently serves as vice president of basketball operations and team development for the New Orleans Pelicans. A prolific scorer and rebounder, as well as a capable ball handler and defender, she helped lead the University of Connecticut women's basketball team to national titles in 2000 and 2002. In her second WNBA season, she led the Detroit Shock to their first ever WNBA title. In 2015, she was named a studio analyst for MSG Networks covering the New York Knicks pre-games and post-games as well as the weekly coaches show. In 2017, Cash was named the Director of franchise development for the New York Liberty. Cash was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on September 9, 2022.

Cash is one of 11 women to receive an Olympic gold medal, an NCAA Championship, a Fiba World cup gold and a WNBA Championship.

Personal life
Cash was born in the Pittsburgh suburb of McKeesport and raised by her mother, Cynthia. She has two brothers named Stephen and Kevin Menifee and one sister, Angelique Menifee. She holds basketball camps and clinics under her company, Swin Cash Enterprise LLC, and is involved in charity events through the WNBA. Cash married longtime boyfriend Steve Canal in Atlanta, Georgia.

High school
Cash attended McKeesport Area High School in McKeesport, where she participated in many activities. She tried baseball, track and cheerleading. She was also in school plays. Cash is best known for her basketball skills, which earned her a place on the national WBCA All-American team. She participated in the WBCA High School All-America Game where she scored fourteen points, and earned MVP honors.

College
Cash was an All-American at the University of Connecticut (UConn). She won the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship with the UConn Huskies in 2000 and 2002. She also helped lead UConn to an undefeated 39–0 season in 2002. Swin was a member of the inaugural class (2006) of inductees to the University of Connecticut women's basketball "Huskies of Honor" recognition program.

Professional career
Cash was selected by the Detroit Shock in the 2002 WNBA draft, second overall. After leading the Shock's resurgence in the second half of her rookie season, she then led the Detroit Shock to their first WNBA Championship title in 2003. She played in the 2003 WNBA All-Star Game and won the gold medal with the U.S. women's basketball team at the 2004 Olympic Games. In the off-season, Cash has appeared as a studio analyst on ESPN's NBA Fastbreak (according to ESPN.com) and during the 2008 Beijing Olympic games, she alternated with Teresa Edwards in presenting in-game commentary for NBC's presentation of the women's basketball tournament from the network's New York broadcast studios. Swin appeared (as herself) in the movie Bring It On: All or Nothing.

Cash received the Dapper Dan Sportswoman of the Year award given to one who shows excellence in the Pittsburgh area. She was also honored with Sidney Crosby and Dan Rooney.

Cash left Detroit for the 2008 season after "struggling to build a consistent relationship with Detroit Shock head coach Bill Laimbeer". On February 19, 2008 Cash was traded to the Seattle Storm for the 4th pick in the 2008 WNBA draft. The Shock selected Alexis Hornbuckle with their draft pick. Cash along with Sue Bird and Lauren Jackson helped the Storm win their second championship in 2010. On January 2, 2012, in perhaps the WNBA's biggest blockbuster trade news thus far, Cash was traded, along with Le'Coe Willingham, to the Chicago Sky joining All- Star Sylvia Fowles.

Cash has been suffering from a herniated disk for more than two years, an injury suffered while helping the Detroit Shock win the WNBA championship in 2006. In 2009, she came back to Connecticut to lead the Western Conference over the Eastern Conference at Mohegan Sun in Uncasville, Connecticut. She led all scorers with an All-Star record of 22 points in a 130–118 win. The previous high was 20 by Cash's former Detroit teammate, Deanna Nolan, in 2005.

Cash was invited to the USA Basketball Women's National Team training camp in the fall of 2009. The team selected to play for the 2010 FIBA World Championship and the 2012 Olympics is usually chosen from these participants. At the conclusion of the training camp, the team will travel to Ekaterinburg, Russia, where they compete in the 2009 UMMC Ekaterinburg International Invitational.

Cash was one of twenty players named to the national team pool. Twelve of this group will be chosen to represent the US in the 2010 World Championships and the 2012 Olympics.

Cash was selected to be a member of the National team representing the US at the World Championships held in September and October 2010. The team was coached by Geno Auriemma. Because many team members were still playing in the WNBA until just prior to the event, the team had only one day of practice with the entire team before leaving for Ostrava and Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. Even with limited practice, the team managed to win its first games against Greece by 26 points. The team continued to dominate with victory margins exceeding 20 points in the first five games. Several players shared scoring honors, with Cash, Angel McCoughtry, Maya Moore, Diana Taurasi, Lindsay Whalen, and Sylvia Fowles all ending as high scorer in the first few games. The sixth game was against undefeated Australia — the USA jumped out to a 24-point lead and the USA prevailed 83–75. The USA won its next two games by over 30 points, then faced the host team, the Czech Republic, in the championship game. The USA team had only a five-point lead at halftime, which was cut to three points, but the Czechs never got closer. Team USA went on to win the championship and gold medal. Cash averaged 8.6 points per game.

Cash was named as one of the National team members to represent the USA Basketball team in the WNBA versus USA Basketball. This game replaces the normal WNBA All-Star game with WNBA All-Stars versus USA Basketball, as part of the preparation for the FIBA World Championship for Women to be held in the Czech Republic during September and October 2010.

Cash was one of 21 finalists for the U.S. Women's Olympic Basketball Team Roster. The 20 professional women's basketball players, plus one collegiate player (Brittney Griner), were selected by the USA Basketball Women's National Team Player Selection Committee to compete for the final roster which will represent the US at the 2012 Olympics in London. Cash made the final roster and played for the U.S. team that won the 2012 Olympic gold medal.

Washington and Jefferson College awarded Cash with an honorary degree in Doctorate of Public Service at their commencement ceremonies in May 2011 to honor her charity work. Cash is the founder of the Pennsylvania-based Cash for Kids charitable organization.

Cash was waived by New York Liberty on May 11, 2016. On May 24, 2016, it was reported that Cash re-signed with the Liberty for the remainder of the season. She was immediately eligible for their game versus the Atlanta Dream on that day.

On June 7, 2016, Cash announced that she would retire at the end of the 2016 season.

Anti-racism and anti-violence activism
Cash is an advocate against gun violence and police brutality. In 2016, she was fined $500 by the Association, along with her teammates and players from two other WNBA teams, for wearing warm up shirts that read "#BlackLivesMatter" and "#Dallas5", both serving as references to gun violence. In a post-game debriefing following the incident, Cash stated:"I think it’s a shame that we keep seeing people that want to make this movement as something that’s violent. Five cops gave their lives up trying to protect a peaceful movement. And in this country, I do believe that you can assemble peacefully and protest against injustice. So until the system transforms, we cannot sit here and act like there is not a problem here in America."She said that part of what motivated her to take a stance against police violence was the Civil Rights Movement era stories her grandmother told her. She recognizes that police brutality is an aspect of racial activism, and she fears that because police are able to kill unarmed people without facing arrests, a regression to pre-Civil Rights laws and practices may occur for black people. In addition, her brother, Kevin Menifee, was allegedly beaten by police officers, who broke his nose.

Regular season

 * align="left" | 2002
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 32 || 32 || 33.7 || .408 || .206 || .762 || 6.9 || 2.7 || 1.1 || 0.9 || 3.1 || 14.8
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2003†
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 33 || 33 || 33.2 || .453 || .300 || .682 || 5.8 || 3.6 || 1.3 || 0.7 || 3.2 || 16.6
 * align="left" | 2004
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 32 || 32 || 34.5 || .469 || .348 || .721 || 6.5 || 4.2 || 1.3 || 0.9 || 2.5 || 16.4
 * align="left" | 2005
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 21 || 21 || 21.8 || .381 || .200 || .656 || 4.2 || 2.0 || 0.5 || 0.2 || 2.2 || 5.7
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|2006†
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 34 || 34 || 29.1 || .384 || .077 || .762 || 4.9 || 3.1 || 0.5 || 0.3 || 2.5 || 10.5
 * align="left" | 2007
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 31 || 31 || 30.9 || .410 || .000 || .760 || 6.1 || 2.5 || 0.6 || 0.4 || 2.6 || 11.1
 * align="left" | 2008
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 31 || 28 || 29.9 || .389 || .125 || .772 || 5.4 || 1.9 || 0.6 || 1.0 || 2.2 || 11.3
 * align="left" | 2009
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 32 || 29 || 34.2 || .392 || .323 || .797 || 6.7 || 2.6 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.8 || 12.2
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|2010†
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 34 || 34 || 30.8 || .435 || .407 || .807 || 6.0 || 2.0 || 0.5 || 0.5 || 2.8 || 13.8
 * align="left" | 2011
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 34 || 34 || 33.2 || .396 || .285 || .846 || 6.9 || 2.4 || 0.9 || 0.6 || 2.7 || 13.3
 * align="left" | 2012
 * align="left" | Chicago
 * 34 || 34 || 30.0 || .367 || .281 || .765 || 5.8 || 2.3 || 1.0 || 0.5 || 2.7 || 10.6
 * align="left" | 2013
 * align="left" | Chicago
 * 34 || 34 || 28.3 || .415 || .270 || .853 || 5.6 || 2.2 || 0.9 || 0.5 || 1.8 || 9.3
 * align="left" | 2014
 * align="left" | Atlanta
 * 17 || 1 || 8.7 || .233 || .000 || .400 || 0.9 || 0.7 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 0.7 || 1.5
 * align="left" | 2014
 * align="left" | New York
 * 15 || 4 || 16.2 || .354 || .010 || .833 || 2.9 || 1.4 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.4 || 4.5
 * align="left" | 2014*
 * align="left" | Total
 * 32 || 5 || 12.5 || .294 || .005 || .617 || 1.9 || 1.1 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.1 || 3.0
 * align="left" | 2015
 * align="left" | New York
 * 34 || 28 || 17.4 || .376 || .235 || .727 || 2.4 || 1.4 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 1.0 || 4.5
 * align="left" | 2016
 * align="left" | New York
 * 31 || 23 || 19.5 || .379 || .125 || .683 || 3.4 || 1.4 || 0.7 || 0.4 || 1.3 || 5.3
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |15 years, 5 teams
 * 479 || 432 || 28.1 || .407 || .276 || .757 || 5.3 || 2.4 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.4 || 10.7
 * align="left" | New York
 * 15 || 4 || 16.2 || .354 || .010 || .833 || 2.9 || 1.4 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.4 || 4.5
 * align="left" | 2014*
 * align="left" | Total
 * 32 || 5 || 12.5 || .294 || .005 || .617 || 1.9 || 1.1 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.1 || 3.0
 * align="left" | 2015
 * align="left" | New York
 * 34 || 28 || 17.4 || .376 || .235 || .727 || 2.4 || 1.4 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 1.0 || 4.5
 * align="left" | 2016
 * align="left" | New York
 * 31 || 23 || 19.5 || .379 || .125 || .683 || 3.4 || 1.4 || 0.7 || 0.4 || 1.3 || 5.3
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |15 years, 5 teams
 * 479 || 432 || 28.1 || .407 || .276 || .757 || 5.3 || 2.4 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.4 || 10.7
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |15 years, 5 teams
 * 479 || 432 || 28.1 || .407 || .276 || .757 || 5.3 || 2.4 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.4 || 10.7
 * 479 || 432 || 28.1 || .407 || .276 || .757 || 5.3 || 2.4 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.4 || 10.7

Postseason

 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2003†
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 8 || 8 || 36.1 || .413 || .200 || .808 || 6.4 || 4.4 || 0.5 || 0.6 || 3.5 || 16.3
 * align="left" | 2005
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 2 || 2 || 25.5 || .308 || .000 || .727 || 4.5 || 3.5 || 1.5 || 1.0 || 2.0 || 8.0
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2006†
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 10 || 10 || 26.5 || .363 || .000 || .720 || 6.1 || 3.2 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 2.2 || 7.6
 * align="left" | 2007
 * align="left" | Detroit
 * 11 || 11 || 25.2 || .451 || .000 || .565 || 3.8 || 1.6 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.6 || 8.6
 * align="left" | 2008
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 3 || 0 || 14.7 || .333 || .000 || .000 || 3.7 || 0.7 || 0.3 || 0.6 || 1.0 || 2.7
 * align="left" | 2009
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 3 || 3 || 38.7 || .487 || .400 || .840 || 5.3 || 1.7 || 2.3 || 1.0 || 2.0 || 21.0
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|2010†
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 7 || 7 || 31.4 || .506 || .500 || .786 || 4.9 || 3.0 || 1.2 || 0.7 || 3.1 || 16.1
 * align="left" | 2011
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 3 || 3 || 32.0 || .333 || .286 || .750 || 8.7 || 2.0 || 1.0 || 0.6 || 1.3 || 7.0
 * align="left" | 2013
 * align="left" | Chicago
 * 2 || 2 || 27.8 || .333 || .000 || .875 || 1.5 || 1.0 || 1.5 || 0.5 || 1.0 || 5.5
 * align="left" | 2015
 * align="left" | New York
 * 6 || 6 || 19.0 || .316 || .200 || .714 || 3.0 || 1.7 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 1.1 || 3.8
 * align="left" | 2016
 * align="left" | New York
 * 1 || 1 || 11.6 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |11 years, 4 teams
 * 56 || 53 || 27.5 || .418 || .319 || .758 || 4.9 || 2.5 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.1 || 9.9
 * align="left" | 2015
 * align="left" | New York
 * 6 || 6 || 19.0 || .316 || .200 || .714 || 3.0 || 1.7 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 1.1 || 3.8
 * align="left" | 2016
 * align="left" | New York
 * 1 || 1 || 11.6 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |11 years, 4 teams
 * 56 || 53 || 27.5 || .418 || .319 || .758 || 4.9 || 2.5 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.1 || 9.9
 * align="left" | Career
 * align="left" |11 years, 4 teams
 * 56 || 53 || 27.5 || .418 || .319 || .758 || 4.9 || 2.5 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 2.1 || 9.9

Awards and achievements

 * 1998 WBCA All-American.
 * 2000 Big East Third Team
 * 2000 Big East Tournament All Tournament Team
 * 2002 Big East First Team
 * 2002 Big East Tournament All Tournament Team
 * 2002 NCAA basketball tournament Most Outstanding Player
 * 2009 WNBA All-Star Selection (MVP)
 * 2011 Honorary Doctorate of Public Service from Washington and Jefferson College
 * 2011 WNBA All-Star Selection (MVP)
 * Honoree of the Boys and Girls Clubs Alumni Hall of Fame
 * 4× NBA Sears Shooting Stars Champion: 2007 (Detroit with Bill Laimbeer and Chauncey Billups), 2013-2015 (Team Chris Bosh, with Dominique Wilkins)
 * 2016 National Civil Rights Museum Freedom Award
 * 2020 Women's Basketball Hall of Fame Inductee

title: Swin Cash


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Thomas Pakenham (historian)

Thomas Francis Dermot Pakenham, 8th Earl of Longford (born 14 August 1933), known simply as Thomas Pakenham, is an Anglo-Irish historian and arborist who has written several prize-winning books on the diverse subjects of African history, Victorian and post-Victorian British history, and trees.

Background
Pakenham is the eldest son of the 7th Earl of Longford, a Labour government minister, and the author Elizabeth Longford.

He has seven siblings, among them the award-winning historian and biographer Lady Antonia Fraser (who is the widow of playwright Harold Pinter); Lady Rachel Billington, also a writer (and the widow of the director Kevin Billington); Lady Judith Kazantzis, a poet; and The Hon. Kevin Pakenham, who worked in the City of London. He is also a cousin of the former Labour deputy leader Harriet Harman.

Thomas Pakenham does not use his title of Earl of Longford and before succeeding his father did not use his courtesy title. However, he has not disclaimed his British titles of Baron Silchester and Baron Pakenham under the Peerage Act 1963, and his Irish earldom cannot be disclaimed, as it is not covered by the Act.

Following the House of Lords Act 1999 he is not entitled, as a hereditary peer, to sit in the House of Lords. His father was created a life peer in addition to his hereditary titles in order to be able to retain his seat in the upper house.

Family
In 1964 Pakenham married Valerie Susan McNair Scott, daughter of Major Ronald Guthrie McNair Scott and the Hon. Mary Cecilia Berry, daughter of William Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose. They have four children:

 * Lady Anna Maria Pakenham, b. 26 July 1965
 * Lady Eliza Pakenham, b. 3 November 1966
 * Edward Melchior Pakenham, Lord Silchester, b. 6 January 1970. Lord Silchester is usually known as Ned Silchester or Ned Pakenham
 * The Hon. Frederick Augustus Pakenham, b. 27 November 1971

Valerie Pakenham died on 22 January 2023 at the age of 83.

Biography
Pakenham was educated at Belvedere College, a private Jesuit school in Dublin, and Magdalen College, Oxford. After graduating in 1955 he travelled around Ethiopia, a journey that he described in his first book, The Mountains of Rasselas (1959). After returning to Britain he worked on the editorial staff of the Times Educational Supplement, and later for The Sunday Telegraph and The Observer. He now divides his time between London and County Westmeath, Ireland, where he is the Chairman of the Irish Tree Society and honorary custodian of Tullynally Castle.

Pakenham owned Longford Greyhound Stadium until 1966, when he sold it to Longford Sports Ltd.

title: Thomas Pakenham (historian)


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User:Cread

Meet Conley

Mr. Read is currently working towards his Master's in Computer Science at the University of California, Riverside. His current research interests combine the muscle of databases and ability of data mining to intelligently characterize application user interfaces.

More About Conley
Visit: http://www.conleyread.net/

title: User:Cread


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Kennebec

Kennebec is a name of the Kennebec people, a North American native people.

Kennebec may also refer to:

Canada

 * Kennebec, an area of Quebec represented in the Senate of Canada
 * Kennebec Lake, north of Ardendale in Central Frontenac Township, Ontario

United States

 * Kennebec, South Dakota
 * Kennebec County, Maine
 * Kennebec Pass, a pass through the La Plata Mountains on county road 124 north of Hesperus, Colorado
 * Kennebec River, Maine
 * Kennebec Township, Iowa

Other

 * Kennebec potato, a variety of potato

title: Kennebec


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Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch

Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch is an album by American musician Frank Zappa, released in May 1982 and digitally remastered in 1991. It features five tracks composed by Zappa, and one song, "Valley Girl", co-written with his then-14 year old daughter Moon Zappa, who provided the spoken monologue mocking Valley girls, including phrases like "Gag me with a spoon!".

The album's first half consists of studio recordings, while the second half consists of live recordings.

Production
Side one was recorded at Zappa's Utility Muffin Research Kitchen studio at his home in Los Angeles; while side two consisted of live performances from Zappa's fall 1981 U.S. tour with studio overdubs. The live material was originally intended for a double album tentatively titled either Chalk Pie or Crush All Boxes II, which was scrapped after Zappa's record distributor requested a single album instead.

The cover art for the album (from which it gets its name) shows the classic Droodle, by Roger Price. The shapes in the cover art also suggest the letters "ZA" (and "P", sideways), as in "Zappa". At the time of the album's production, Price was living nearby to Zappa.

The phrase "Ebzen Sauce" in "No Not Now" is derived from "Epsom Salt", an alternative name for magnesium sulfate. This was apparently one of John Smothers's (Zappa's bodyguard) many malapropisms, which are also referred to in the song "Dong Work for Yuda" from Joe's Garage (1979). In the February 1983 issue of Guitar Player magazine, the song was said to have an "extremely distinctive bass line", which Zappa liked "because for people who don't understand what's going on in the rest of the song, there's always the bass line".

"Valley Girl" – the second song on the album, and the song that would eventually become the album's single – was a combination of a guitar riff that Frank had composed, and a desire from his daughter, Moon, to work with her father. Musically, it is one of the most atypical Zappa tunes because of how relatively "normal" it is compared to other compositions, and is played entirely in 4/4 with the exception of the 7/4 groove at the very end. Tom Mulhern observed in Guitar Player that the "red-hot" guitar riff had actually been mixed "back in the mix", which Zappa explained was "because it conflict[ed] with the vocal part. And that red-hot-sounding guitar was just me and the drummer jamming at three o'clock in the morning. That track was the basis for the song. It was a riff that started off at a soundcheck about a year before, and I had been piddling with it for a long time. One night, we finally did it, saved the tape, and little by little we added all of this other stuff to it, and we got 'Valley Girl'." Scott Thunes's bass line was spontaneous and played through a Vox amp, and was the final addition to the song, which originally "didn't even have a bass part; it was [originally] just guitar and drums".

The pseudo-title track, "Drowning Witch", begins with lyrics based around the theme of the cover art, and segues into an instrumental section of typical (for Zappa) complexity and intricacy, featuring musical quotations from The Rite of Spring by Stravinsky and the Dragnet TV theme composed by Walter Schumann and Miklós Rózsa. In Guitar Player, Zappa commented that the album version included 15 edits between live performances from different cities.

"Envelopes" was originally written in 1968 – with a prototype recording made that Zappa later recalled as being made the same year, but was in fact recorded in 1970 and eventually included in the posthumous CD box set The Mothers 1970 (2020) – and is constructed around a harmony based on seven and eight note chords that "generate their own counterpoint as an automatic result of the voice leading".

Zappa's band for the fall 1981 and summer 1982 tours, which he would continue to feature on the next few albums and the You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore series, included Ray White on rhythm guitar and vocals, Steve Vai on guitar, Tommy Mars on keyboards, Bobby Martin on keyboards, saxophone and vocals, Ed Mann on percussion, Scott Thunes on bass and Chad Wackerman on drums. For studio sessions, he also used past band members including vocalists Ike Willis, Bob Harris and Roy Estrada and bassists Arthur Barrow and Patrick O'Hearn.

The album "was mixed on JBL 4311 speakers" with MicMix Dynaflanger and Aphex compressors, consequently giving a "played up" prominence to its songs' bass lines.

Release history
The original LP release contained a note that reads "This album has been engineered to sound correct on JBL 4311 speakers or an equivalent. Best results will be achieved if you set your pre-amp tone controls to the flat position with the loudness control in the off position. Before adding any treble or bass to the sound of the album, it would be advisable to check it out this way first. F.Z."

The LP also featured a "letter from FZ" advertising the Shut Up 'n Play Yer Guitar box set, which had previously only been made available separately in the United States and, at the time Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch was released, was being made available for the first time in Europe. To promote the release of the UK box set, the first pressing of the UK edition of this album contained a 4-song 7-inch EP with A: "Shut Up & Play Yer Guitar" B1: "Variations on the Carlos Santana Secret Chord Progression" B2: "Why Johnny Can't Read?".

In some countries outside of the US, Track B1 is entitled on the label as: "Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch".

It was issued on CD by EMI with The Man from Utopia (1983) on the same disc, and separately by Barking Pumpkin, and later Rykodisc.

It also had a release on 8-track tape.

Track listing
All songs written and composed by Frank Zappa, except where noted.

Personnel
Musicians
 * Frank Zappa – lead guitar, vocals
 * Steve Vai – guitar (credited as "Impossible Guitar Parts")
 * Ray White – rhythm guitar, vocals
 * Tommy Mars – keyboards
 * Bobby Martin – keyboards, saxophone, vocals
 * Ed Mann – percussion
 * Scott Thunes – bass on "Drowning Witch", "Envelopes", "Teen-Age Prostitute", and "Valley Girl"
 * Arthur Barrow – bass on "No Not Now" and the first part of "I Come from Nowhere"
 * Patrick O'Hearn – bass on the guitar solo in "I Come from Nowhere"
 * Chad Wackerman – drums
 * Roy Estrada – falsetto vocals on "No Not Now"; vocals on "I Come from Nowhere"
 * Ike Willis – vocals
 * Bob Harris – vocals
 * Lisa Popeil – vocals on "Teen-Age Prostitute"
 * Moon Zappa – vocal on "Valley Girl"

Album
Billboard (United States)


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Talk:Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch

please keep for sure
I know everything in wikipedia gets edited mercilessly. Lets keep some humor on this page. Frank would have appreciated it, for sure! Totally! Kd4ttc 03:55, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

artists credit
I just got the LP, and I notice on the back Steve Vai is credited for "Impossible Guitar Parts," not "Facemeltingly epic." It was that listing that made me buy the album, cause I had to know what an Impossible Guitar part sounded like. Can anyone confirm this version of the credits? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.177.82.232 (talk) 04:39, 27 October 2008 (UTC)
 * That error was added 2 February 2008 by 71.224.75.233, booo, and fixed 2 January 2009 by User:Toddles29, yaay. --Lexein (talk) 04:35, 25 August 2012 (UTC)

August 2012
(removed from inside another editor's comment) "No Not Now" having it's own article wouldn't hurt. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mrmoustache14 (talk • contribs) 15:59, 24 August 2012
 * Agreed. --Lexein (talk) 04:35, 25 August 2012 (UTC)


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Ron Simmons

Ronald Simmons (born May 15, 1958) is an American retired professional wrestler and football player. He is best known for his tenures in WWE and World Championship Wrestling (WCW). Prior to becoming a professional wrestler, Simmons played football as a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL), Canadian Football League (CFL) and United States Football League (USFL) for four seasons during the 1980s.

Simmons played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and was recognized as an All-American. He played professionally for the NFL's Cleveland Browns, the CFL's Ottawa Rough Riders and the USFL's Tampa Bay Bandits.

Simmons performed for World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) under his real name, and in the World Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Entertainment (WWF/E) under both his real name and the ring names Faarooq Asaad (sometimes spelled Asad) and Faarooq (sometimes spelled Farooq). In WCW, Simmons was a one-time WCW World Heavyweight Champion; as the first African American to win the title, he is recognized by WWE as the first Black world champion in professional wrestling history. He was also a one-time WCW World Tag Team Champion with Butch Reed and a one-time WCW United States Tag Team Champion with Big Josh. He was one of the most prominent stars in the WWF in the early Attitude Era. In the WWF, he was a three-time WWF Tag Team Champion with Bradshaw as one half of the Acolytes Protection Agency. Simmons was a sporadic world title contender between ECW and the WWF, and led the Nation of Domination stable in the latter promotion. He was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame Class of 2012.

College career
Ron Simmons was considered one of Florida State's greatest recruiting victories when he signed out of high school. Simmons played four years (1977–1980) as a defensive nose guard at FSU under coach Bobby Bowden (whom Simmons described as "a second father"), earning consensus All-American honors in 1979 and 1980. The Seminoles were 39–8 during Simmons's years at the school, finishing in the Associated Press Top 20 three times ('77, '79 and '80), and earning back-to-back Orange Bowl trips after Simmons's junior and senior seasons.

In 1979 Simmons finished ninth in the Heisman voting behind the winner, Charles White of USC. In 1988, Simmons's jersey (number 50) was retired by FSU, the third time a number has been retired in school history. Simmons was inducted into the Orange Bowl Hall of Fame for his accomplishments while playing at Florida State, and he was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2008.

Professional football
He later had a brief career in the National Football League (NFL), selected in the sixth round of the 1981 NFL draft by the Cleveland Browns. However, he was cut on August 25, 1981. He played in six games for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League in 1981. He was released by the Rough Riders before the start of the season in July 1982. Simmons then played for the Tampa Bay Bandits of the United States Football League from 1983 to 1985, and it was in Tampa where he was a teammate of future professional wrestler Lex Luger.

Early years (1986–1988)
Simmons joined Jim Crockett Promotions in 1986, appearing on the first show of the Great American Bash tour when he defeated The Tahitian Prince in Lakeland, Florida on July 1. Simmons wrestled only preliminary level competition that summer, but on August 7 he scored the biggest victory of his career when he defeated Ivan Koloff in St Louis. The rookie Simmons defeated the likes of a young Rodney Anoa'i (Yokozuna) and The Barbarian. On the October 24 episode of Power Pro Wrestling, he became involved in his first televised angle when he was attacked by Tiger Conway Jr. and Shaska Whatley in an interview.

He remained undefeated in singles actions until finally losing to Ivan Koloff on a house show at the Omni in Atlanta on February 14, 1988. Simmons was dominant through the first half of the year against lower-level competition on house shows, including Whatley and The Terminator. Simmons teamed with Steve Williams at the 3rd Annual Jim Crockett Sr. Memorial Cup in Greenville, South Carolina on April 22, 1988. They were defeated in the opening round by Mike Rotunda and Kevin Sullivan when Simmons was hit with a foreign object.

Doom (1989–1991)
Soon after, in March 1989, Simmons began showing signs of a heel turn as he got more aggressive in his matches, including a non-title match against fellow babyface, then-NWA World Heavyweight Champion Ricky "The Dragon" Steamboat and a match on the April 29, 1989 episode of World Championship Wrestling, where he broke the rules during what was supposed to be a face vs. face match against Junkyard Dog. Simmons won the match when the referee, Ron's future manager Teddy Long made a fast count (Long was fired (kayfabe) as referee by Jim Herd immediately following this match). He completed his heel turn on the May 27 episode of World Championship Wrestling during a tag team match, where he teamed with Ranger Ross against the Samoan Swat Team as part of a tournament for the vacant NWA World Tag Team Championship, leaving him in the ring alone when Long came out. Simmons later teamed up with Butch Reed to form Doom. In the beginning, the members of Doom were masked and only known as Doom #1 and Doom #2, managed by Woman. In their pay-per-view debut at Halloween Havoc 1989, Doom defeated The Steiner Brothers. In the "Iron Team Tournament" at Starrcade 1989, Doom finished fourth, losing all three of their matches. Doom's misfortune continued as Woman soon dropped the team to manage The Four Horsemen. Then on February 6, 1990, at Clash of the Champions X, Doom hit rock bottom when they were defeated by Rick and Scott Steiner and as a result of the stipulation were forced to unmask.

With new manager Long, they rebounded and defeated The Steiner Brothers for the NWA World Tag Team Championship at Capital Combat in 1990. They held the title for nine months, defeating teams like The Rock 'n' Roll Express and feuding with The Four Horsemen. Among their most memorable encounters during their title reign was a street fight against Horsemen Arn Anderson and Barry Windham at Starrcade 1990 which ended in a no-contest when Windham pinned Simmons while Reed simultaneously pinned Anderson. Doom were recognized as the first holders of the WCW World Tag Team Championship in January 1991, finally losing the titles to The Freebirds at WrestleWar in February 1991. Subsequently, Doom broke up, with Simmons turning face and feuding with Reed, defeating him in a cage match at the very first SuperBrawl. Simmons defeated midcarders including Oz and The Diamond Studd, then unsuccessfully challenged Lex Luger for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship at Halloween Havoc, losing the best-of-three-falls match one fall to two.

World Heavyweight Champion and final storylines (1992–1994)
Simmons spent the first half of 1992 feuding with Cactus Jack, whom he defeated via pinfall at SuperBrawl II. On August 2, 1992, at a house show in Baltimore, Maryland, a scheduled title match between Sting and WCW World Heavyweight Champion Big Van Vader was canceled after Jake Roberts (kayfabe) injured Sting. WCW President Bill Watts responded by holding a raffle to determine the number one contender. Simmons won the raffle and defeated Vader with a snap scoop powerslam to win the championship. By defeating Vader, Simmons became the first recognized African American WCW World Heavyweight Champion and the second African American wrestler to win a World Heavyweight title.

Simmons held the title for five months. He continued to feud with Cactus Jack, with Jack bringing in The Barbarian to challenge Simmons at Halloween Havoc. At Starrcade, Simmons was scheduled to wrestle Rick Rude, but due to Rude being injured he faced "Dr. Death" Steve Williams instead, wrestling to a double countout that was changed to a disqualification win for Simmons when Williams attacked him after the match. His title reign ended two days later on December 30, 1992, when Vader defeated him to regain the title.

Afterwards, Simmons was relegated to mid-card status, eventually becoming a bitter heel who felt like the fans abandoned him after he lost the championship. Simmons unsuccessfully challenged Dustin Rhodes for the United States Heavyweight Championship and Paul Orndorff for the World Television Championship during his last months with WCW. In the spring of 1994, Simmons was working for WCW without being signed to a contract, also Simmons was briefly managed by Sherri Martel during this time. Simmons competed in the European Cup Tournament, winning his 1st round match against Marcus Bagwell but lost the next round to Sting. He would go on to feud with Sting and Bagwell, mostly competing in tag matches. His final match was a win over Scott Armstrong on the September 10, 1994 edition of WCW Worldwide.

Extreme Championship Wrestling; New Japan Pro-Wrestling (1994–1995)
Simmons debuted in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in September 1994. In November 1994, he began teaming with 2 Cold Scorpio, with the duo unsuccessfully challenging The Public Enemy for the ECW World Tag Team Championship. At November to Remember in November 1994, Simmons unsuccessfully challenged ECW World Heavyweight Champion Shane Douglas. He faced Douglas again in December and January, but was unable to win the title. At Extreme Warfare in March 1995, Simmons defeated Hack Meyers then issued a challenge to 911, who came to the ring and chokeslammed Simmons. The following month at Three Way Dance Simmons lost to Mikey Whipwreck by disqualification after he chokeslammed the referee; following the match, 911 attempted to attack Simmons again, only for Simmons to give 911 a low blow and chokeslam him. At Hostile City Showdown later that month, 911 defeated Simmons after chokeslamming him off the top rope. Simmons made his final appearances with ECW in May 1995.

In January and February 1995, Simmons wrestled in Japan with New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) as part of its "Fighting Spirit" tour. During the tour, he largely teamed with other American wrestlers such as Flying Scorpio, Mike Enos, and Scott Norton in tag team matches and six-man tag team matches, facing opponents such as Kensuke Sasaki, Masa Saito, Shinya Hashimoto, and Tadao Yasuda. Simmons made a second tour with NJPW in May and June 1995, again teaming with American wrestlers such as Arn Anderson, Mike Enos, and Steve Austin.

Following his appearances with ECW and NJPW, Simmons went into semi-retirement. He began working as a warehouse manager for a Coca-Cola factory on the outskirts of Atlanta, Georgia.

Nation of Domination (1996–1998)
In 1996, Simmons returned to professional wrestling, signing a contract with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). He made his debut on the July 22, 1996, episode of Monday Night Raw. His first gimmick was that of "Faarooq Asad", a gladiator/street thug who wore a black and blue gladiator outfit with a misshaped helmet and was managed by Sunny. Simmons started his first feud with Ahmed Johnson before shortening his ring name to Faarooq. The feud was started when Faarooq attacked Johnson during a tag team match pitting Johnson and Shawn Michaels against the Smoking Gunns. As a result of the injuries sustained, Johnson vacated the WWF Intercontinental Championship. In the subsequent tournament, Faarooq lost in the finals to Marc Mero.

In November 1996, Faarooq dropped his gladiator gimmick, parted ways with Sunny and formed the Nation of Domination (NOD), a stable loosely based on the Nation of Islam and the Black Panther Party, although the members of the stable were not exclusively African American. They initially feuded with Ahmed Johnson. At the Royal Rumble 1997, Johnson defeated Farooq by disqualification. In the Royal Rumble match, Johnson eliminated himself when he saw Faarooq in the aisle and chased after him. Later in the same match Faarooq was eliminated when Johnson returned and attacked him with a 2x4. At WrestleMania 13 Johnson and the Legion of Doom defeated the NOD in a Chicago Street Fight.

After losing to WWF Champion The Undertaker, at the 1997 King of the Ring, Faarooq blamed Crush and Savio Vega for his loss and threw them out of the NOD. Both formed their rival factions, known respectively as the Disciples of Apocalypse and Los Boricuas, and Faarooq recruited more African American members for the NOD, including half-Samoan Rocky Maivia. The three stables feuded with one another throughout 1997. In the summer of 1997, Faarooq again lost a tournament final for the WWF Intercontinental Championship, this time to Owen Hart after Stone Cold Steve Austin interfered. Austin, who had forfeited the title due an injury inflicted by Hart, wanted Hart to win so he could again beat him for the title.

In early 1998, Faarooq's leadership of the NOD was increasingly challenged by Maivia, who had shortened his name to The Rock and felt he should be the leader as he was now Intercontinental Champion. In the Royal Rumble match, all five NOD members were in the ring at the same time and frequently brawled with each other, Faarooq even eliminating his fellow members D'Lo Brown and Mark Henry; he was one of the final three along with the Rock and Stone Cold Steve Austin. Faarooq wanted the Rock to help him eliminate Austin, but the Rock refused and eliminated Faarooq. The following month at No Way Out of Texas: In Your House, the Nation of Domination lost a 10-man tag team match to Ken Shamrock, Ahmed Johnson, Chainz, Skull and 8 Ball when The Rock submitted to an ankle lock by Shamrock. After the match Faarooq and The Rock almost came to blows. At Wrestlemania XIV, Faarooq and Kama were unsuccessful in the tag team battle royal. Later in the evening, Faarooq was the only NOD member absent from The Rock's title defense against Ken Shamrock. When Shamrock put The Rock in an ankle lock, Faarooq ran down to the ring but decided against helping him and walked off, with the crowd cheering his decision, thus turning him face. The following night on Raw is War, the Rock assumed leadership of the NOD and kicked Faarooq out of the group. Faarooq spent the next several months feuding with his former stablemates.

The Acolytes Protection Agency (1998–2004)
After being dumped from the Nation, Faarooq feuded with The Rock but failed to win the Intercontinental title. Simmons then teamed briefly with 2 Cold Scorpio. In late 1998, Simmons began teaming with Bradshaw as The Acolytes, a violent tag team sporting occult symbolism on their tights and chests. They were managed by The Jackyl until he left the WWF, at which point they were reintroduced as members of The Ministry of Darkness led by The Undertaker. The Acolytes recruited Phineas I. Godwinn and Mabel to the Ministry by kidnapping and brainwashing them (renaming them Mideon and Viscera, respectively), and feuded with The Undertaker's rivals, such as D-Generation X and The Brood, the latter of which later joined the Ministry as well.

During this time the Acolytes had two short reigns as tag team champions; they defeated the team of Kane and X-Pac but lost the title to the Hardy Boyz. At the Fully Loaded pay-per-view in 1999, they won the title back in a no disqualification handicap match against the Hardyz and Michael Hayes. Their second reign ended when they lost the title to Kane and X-Pac.

After the Undertaker suffered an injury in late 1999, the Ministry of Darkness disbanded. Faarooq and Bradshaw continued to team with one another, and eventually adopted the gimmick of two brawlers who enjoyed drinking beer and smoking cigars. After Bradshaw began hiring out the services of the Acolytes as mercenaries and bodyguards, the tag team was renamed the "Acolytes Protection Agency" (APA). Around this time, Faarooq adopted his "Damn!" catchphrase. The team won their third tag team title by defeating the Dudley Boyz in June 2001 but lost the titles the following month to Diamond Dallas Page and Chris Kanyon when Test interfered.

The APA teamed together until 2002, when Faarooq was drafted to the SmackDown! brand. Around this time, Ron Simmons began wrestling under his real name, as the terrorist group Al-Qaeda had a training camp called Al-Faarooq. Simmons had a brief heel run when he teamed with Reverend D-Von until he left television in December 2002, but in June 2003 he returned to WWE with Bradshaw and the APA reunited.

In his last WWE storyline, he was fired by SmackDown! General Manager Paul Heyman after the APA lost a match for the WWE Tag Team Championship. It was assumed that the APA was fired, but Heyman told Bradshaw he was allowed to stay. Simmons retired from his in-ring career, accusing Bradshaw of not being a faithful friend in storyline. In reality, Simmons, who had been planning to retire due to his health and age, became a backstage agent for the company, was let go the day this angle aired on SmackDown!.

Sporadic appearances, "Damn!" and Hall of Famer (2006–present)
In 2006, during a rebroadcast of the 1981 Orange Bowl on Sun Sports, Simmons stated that since his retirement from professional wrestling, he would like to continue or even improve his role within WWE. Starting on October 23, 2006, he began making short cameos on Raw to say his catchphrase "Damn", often in awe of or shock at odd occurrences. For a long time it was his only spoken word on a given show.

On the November 20, 2006 edition of Raw, Simmons was chosen by Ric Flair to replace the injured Roddy Piper at the Survivor Series to take on the Spirit Squad. He was the first to be eliminated, via countout. On the January 15, 2007 episode of Raw, he was seen in the ring with Chris Masters in the "Master Lock Challenge", which ended prematurely after interference from Super Crazy. Simmons's escaping the Master Lock, was not recognized. On the July 27, 2007 edition of SmackDown!, Simmons was named the best man for Theodore Long and Kristal's wedding.

Simmons also feuded with Santino Marella. On the September 10, 2007 episode of Raw, Simmons was attacked by Marella. On the September 24, 2007, edition of Raw, Simmons returned to the ring and defeated Santino Marella by countout after Marella left the ring and walked out. Simmons occasionally competed on WWE Heat, taking on jobbers from the town in which the show is being taped. At the end of each match, Simmons held a microphone, pulling it toward and away from his mouth while the crowd cheered him until he eventually uttered his catchphrase. On the December 3, 2007 episode of Raw, Simmons and Bradshaw were hired by Hornswoggle to help him in a no disqualification handicap match against Jonathan Coachman and Carlito.

On Raw's 800th episode on November 3, 2008, Simmons interrupted wrestlers, who were dancing in the ring, with his catchphrase. During the 2008 Slammy Awards, he gave The Great Khali the award for the DAMN Moment of the year. Simmons was released from WWE on January 13, 2009, due to budget cuts but repeatedly reappeared on various WWE events to interrupt awkward situations with his catchphrase. Occasions include episodes of WWE Old School Raw (November 15, 2010 and January 6, 2014) and Raw (May 2, 2011 and January 28, 2013), Hell in a Cell 2012 and WrestleManias 30 and 31.

Simmons would wrestle in the independent circuit from 2008 to 2012. He wrestled his final match on March 17, 2012, teaming with former WWE wrestler Brian Christopher defeating PG-13 J. C. Ice and Wolfie D at Crossfire Wrestling in Nashville, Tennessee.

Simmons was also credited in the tribute as being the first African American world heavyweight champion in WCW. Simmons was acknowledged as a memorable character in WWE's "Attitude Era". On March 31 by his APA partner John "Bradshaw" Layfield. He ended his Hall of Fame speech with his signature "Damn" once again. Simmons and Layfield reunited as the Acolytes Protection Agency (APA) on the 1000th episode of Raw, providing their signature protection and back-up for Lita during her match with Heath Slater. After Layfield hit Slater with the Clothesline from Hell, Simmons took to the microphone exclaiming "Damn!"

In 2012, Simmons was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame. In 2014, Simmons made several appearances for Maryland Championship Wrestling's "Autumn Armageddon" tour.

On the January 19, 2015 episode of Raw, during a "Raw Reunion" segment, Simmons came out to help the nWo (Scott Hall, Kevin Nash, and Sean Waltman) and The New Age Outlaws (Billy Gunn and Road Dogg) and John "Bradshaw" Layfield against the Ascension (Konnor and Viktor).

Simmons appeared at the Raw 25 Years show on January 22, 2018, and attended the 2018 WWE Hall of Fame ceremony. He also appeared at the Raw Reunion show on July 22, 2019, in a backstage segment involving Mike and Maria Kanellis, Eve Torres, and Jimmy Hart; using Hart's megaphone to exclaim "Damn!"

Simmons also appeared on January 23, 2023, at Raw is XXX when Baron Corbin and JBL won a poker game to win money, but then they lost the money because they had to pay their "taxes". Simmons then came into view shook his head and said "Damn!"

Other media
Simmons is a playable character in several wrestling video games including WWF War Zone, WWF Attitude, WWF WrestleMania 2000, WWF No Mercy, WWF SmackDown!, WWF SmackDown! 2: Know Your Role, WWF SmackDown! Just Bring It, WWE WrestleMania X8, WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth, WWE RAW 2, WWE '13, WWE 2K16, and WWE 2K22, ‘’WWE 2K23’’,WWE 2K24”.

Championships and accomplishments

 * Cauliflower Alley Club
 * Lou Thesz/Art Abrams Lifetime Achievement Award (2023)
 * Championship Wrestling from Florida
 * NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Memphis Championship Wrestling
 * MCW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bradshaw
 * Ohio Valley Wrestling
 * OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bradshaw
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * Inspirational Wrestler of the Year (1992)
 * Stanley Weston Award (2021)
 * Ranked No. 20 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1992
 * Ranked No. 108 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003
 * Ranked No. 91 of the top 100 tag teams of the "PWI Years" with Butch Reed in 2003
 * World Championship Wrestling
 * WCW World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * WCW/NWA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Butch Reed
 * WCW United States Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Big Josh
 * World Wrestling Federation / WWE
 * WWF Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Bradshaw
 * WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2012)

title: Ron Simmons


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Aeroméxico Connect

Aerolitoral, S.A. de C.V., DBA Aeroméxico Connect, and formerly known as Aerolitoral, is the regional airline of Aeroméxico operating Embraer E-190 aircraft, with crew bases in Mexico City and Monterrey. It is headquartered in Monterrey. It operates feeder services to AeroMéxico's hub airports, using four-digit flight numbers. It is considered the biggest and most important regional airline in Mexico, offering more than 300 scheduled flights daily to 42 destinations in Mexico, 11 in the United States, five in Central America, and two in the Caribbean. Its main bases are Guadalajara, Mexico City, and Monterrey. Aeromexico Connect flights are marketed as Aeromexico.

1988 to early 1990s
The airline was established in 1988 as Servicios Aéreos Litoral, to later become a subsidiary of Aeroméxico on December 1, 1990. It started with a fleet of 4 NAMC YS-11 aircraft in 1988 (XA-ROL, XA-ROV, XA-RPU, and XA-RRG) and was originally based in Veracruz. In February 1992, AeroMéxico started another regional feeder airline, Aerovías de Poniente, S.A. de C.V. based in Guadalajara using Fairchild Metros. The fleet was replaced and expanded quite fast between 1991 and 1995 and grew to a total of 29 Fairchild Metro III and Fairchild Metro 23 aircraft between the two feeders.

Mid-1990s
In 1991, the main base was moved to Monterrey and in 1992, Aeroponiente started operations from Guadalajara. The pilot seniority list was merged, and a common paint scheme was adopted using the Aeroméxico logo. Since 1992, Aerolitoral has been the only source of pilots for Aeroméxico with more than 400 pilots transferred until today. In 1993, a small base was opened in Culiacán and after 3 months was moved to Chihuahua. By 1995, the commuter airline had three bases with 29 airplanes.

The route network expanded all across the north of Mexico, and some routes to the United States were operated for a brief period, such as: Harlingen, McAllen, Corpus Christi, and Austin in Texas as well as to Albuquerque, New Mexico. The main U.S. routes operated in this period were San Antonio, Tucson, El Paso, and Phoenix.

In 1996, the two airlines were merged into AeroLitoral S.A de C.V., causing some labor problems to continue during 1997, and a pilot strike in the same year. There was a high demand for a bigger airplane in the route network and the Fairchild Metro 19 seater was not enough. After a long selection, Saab 340Bs were introduced in late 1997. In 1998 new services to the United States were added from Piedras Negras. and from Chihuahua to Dallas.

In early 1999, AeroLitoral was operating 29 Fairchild Metros and 6 Saab 340Bs. One Fairchild Metro XA-RYY had been converted to freighter and operations to Mexico City were resumed on behalf of Aeromexpress. In August 1999 a new CEO was appointed and Raúl Sáenz Campos replaced Carlos Treviño Treviño after a long time being at the airline. On December of the same year, the directive board decided to start a fleet renewal process, by replacing the first 3 Fairchild Metros.

Early 2000s
In the period between the years 2000 and 2002, 13 more Saab 340Bs were added to replace Metros, with a peak fleet of 22 Saab 340Bs. On the third quarter of 2001, services to San Diego via Mexicali, to Zacatecas via Puerto Vallarta, and Monterrey were launched. Nevertheless, these services were discontinued shortly after 9/11 Attacks. On September 6, 2001, there was an accident without any fatalities, it was a Saab 340B's with registration XA-ACK which crash-landed 15 miles southeast of Tijuana. The airplane suffered fuel starvation, due to a false indication in the flight deck fuel gauges, caused by a defective element on the system, reflecting more fuel than the aircraft actually had.

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, AeroLitoral experienced a drop in air traffic and downsized the fleet in order to survive. Services to San Diego, El Paso, and Laredo were canceled. San Antonio, Phoenix, and Tucson were reduced, moreover with the growth of Aviacsa on the domestic market with its Boeing 737-200 fleet invading the most profitable routes from Monterrey to León, Ciudad Juárez, Culiacán, and Guadalajara. The small commuter experienced severe financial troubles, and in 2002, many employees were laid off, among them 50 pilots. In 2002, services to Los Angeles and Ontario, California were introduced on behalf of Aeroméxico, while services to Phoenix and Laredo were cancelled.

In early 2003, with a fleet of 3 Fairchild Metro and 22 Saab 340Bs, the load factors were recovering as with many other airlines around the globe. That same year, AeroLitoral announced the acquisition of the first 5 Embraer ERJ 145, with deliveries starting in mid-2004. In December 2003, after operating a peak fleet for 13 years with 28 planes, the last 3 Fairchild Metro were retired. Early the next year, the first 3 ERJ-145's arrived from Brazil to Monterrey and started to replace the Saabs on the routes from Monterrey lasting over 1 hour, 50 minutes. The first flights were mainly to Chihuahua, Guadalajara, and Ciudad Juárez, and two of the same aircraft were added later that year. In this same year, a wet lease contract from was signed between Aerocaribe and AeroLitoral. The agreement stated that AeroLitoral would provide service in the routes on the South East of the country on behalf of Aerocaribe. The contract covered the wet lease of 3 Saab 340Bs operating the routes to Mérida, Tuxla Gutierrez, and the shuttle between Cancún and Cozumel. The agreement lasted a year and ended in late May 2005.

Mid 2000s
In 2005, the first scheduled services in and out of Mexico City on behalf of Aeroméxico were introduced to Ciudad Obregón and Los Mochis, using ERJ-145 aircraft. During this year, five more ERJ-145s were introduced to the fleet, introducing new routes to central Mexico and the southeast of the country, as well as increasing the size of the fleet to 10 aircraft.

In 2006, AeroLitoral took over services from Mexico City to Campeche and Durango, previously operated by Aeromar on behalf of Aeroméxico, and resumed operations to Reynosa, Oaxaca, and other Aeroméxico non-revenue city pairs. By the end of 2006, an ERJ crew base in Mexico City was established, 13 more ERJs were introduced to the fleet, most of them in addition, bringing the number of 23 by the end of the year.

In 2007, AeroLitoral returned to Austin on behalf of Aeroméxico from Mexico City, reopened the hub in Guadalajara with an ERJ fleet, which grew to 32 frames. In November 2007, Aeroméxico announced that AeroLitoral was going to become Aeroméxico Connect once the E-190s arrived, and so it did. The airline changed its corporate name, image, and introduced a new philosophy of complementing Aeroméxico on some domestic and international flights, instead of only feeding the airline's hubs. The first four brand-new Embraer ERJ 190 arrived in October 2007 and early 2008, and the airline announced an order for 12 more frames that started arriving in early 2009. On November, SkyTeam painted Aeroméxico Connect's E-145 in SkyTeam livery.

Destinations
Aeroméxico Connect has grown over the past few years in the Mexican domestic market. It has come from being a feeder airline to a key on Aeroméxico's strategy to remain in the industry. As new aircraft have been added since 2004, Aeroméxico has been shifting many of its domestic and short-haul international routes to Aeroméxico Connect. The intended plan of the holding consortium of the two airlines is to keep developing Aeroméxico Connect in those markets where mainline Aeroméxico would not profit, moreover after the addition of the Embraer E-190 that is capable of operating on some longer routes that were formerly served by mainline Aeroméxico with DC-9 or McDonnell Douglas MD-87 aircraft. Also of interest is the airline´s choice to replace some Embraer 145 fleet with newer Embraer 190 and Embraer 170 jets, currently under manufacture for Aeroméxico. Three new Embraer 170s arrived in the summer of 2012. They fully replaced the ERJ 145 in 2017. The airline serves international destinations in Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the United States, while offering serving regional routes throughout Mexico.

Current fleet
As of July 2024, Aeroméxico Connect operates the following aircraft:

Historic fleet
Aeroméxico Connect also previously operated the following aircraft types:

Accidents and Incidents
Aeroméxico Connect and its predecessor, Aerolitoral, have never had an accident with loss of life, although it has had 6 accidents, with 2 hull losses.
 * On 6 September 2001 at 12:35 local time, an Aerolitoral Saab 340 (registered XA-ACK) encountered a failure of its second engine, forcing the pilots to perform an emergency landing on a field in Valle de Las Palmas. The aircraft had been operating Flight 2130 from Ciudad Juárez to Tijuana with 29 passengers and three crew members on board, none of whom were seriously injured even though the airplane was damaged beyond repair.
 * On 21 January 2010 at 12:24 local time, Aeroméxico Connect Flight 2051 from Hermosillo to Los Angeles veered off the runway upon diverting at Tijuana International Airport in bad weather conditions which included gusty winds. There were no injuries among the 39 people on board the Embraer ERJ 145 involved (registered XA-WAC), which was repaired and returned to service.
 * On 10 May 2010 an Embraer ERJ 145, registered operating as Aeroméxico Connect Flight 921 reported an unsafe gear indication upon approach. Onboard the flight, with service to Mexico City from Monterrey, were 27 passengers. The crew aborted the approach and entered a holding for troubleshooting, the unsafe indication continued. After a subsequent low approach, the tower reported all gear appeared to be properly down. The airplane landed safely about 30 minutes after aborting the first approach.
 * On 23 June 2011, Aeroméxico Connect Flight 2471 with service to Mexico City from Nuevo Laredo, was hit by two bolts of lightning. The Embraer ERJ 145, registered XA-SLI with 43 people on board, suffered system damage. Smells of smoke in the cockpit caused the pilots to divert to Monterrey for a safe landing. No injuries were reported, and the plane sustained minor damage.
 * On 17 March 2012 an Embraer ERJ 145, registered XA-TAC encountered a loss of cabin pressure. Flight 2469 was en route to Monterrey from Veracruz with 48 passengers and three crew. At FL320 near Tampico, Tamaulipas, the crew initiated an emergency descent and a diversion to Tampico International Airport. The aircraft landed safely with no injuries reported.
 * On 31 July 2018, Aeroméxico Connect Flight 2431, operated by an Embraer 190 registered XA-GAL, crashed while attempting to take off from Durango Airport. Although no one died in the accident, the resulting fire consumed the aircraft.

title: Aeroméxico Connect


text:
Offenhauser

The Offenhauser Racing Engine, or Offy, is a racing engine design that dominated American open wheel racing for more than 50 years and is still popular among vintage sprint and midget car racers.

History

The Offenhauser engine, familiarly known as the "Offy", was an overhead cam monoblock 4-stroke internal combustion engine developed by Fred Offenhauser and Harry Arminius Miller. Originally, it was sold as a marine engine. In 1930 a four-cylinder 151 cid Miller engine installed in a race car set a new international land speed record of 144.895 mi/h. Miller developed this engine into a twin overhead cam, four-cylinder, four-valve-per-cylinder 220 cid racing engine. Variations of this design were used in midgets and sprints into the 1960s, with a choice of carburetion or Hilborn fuel injection. When both Miller and the company to whom he had sold much of the equipment and rights went bankrupt in 1933, Offenhauser opened a shop a block away and bought rights to engines, special tooling and drawings at the bankruptcy auction, and he and other former Miller employees took over production. They and former Miller employee, draftsman Leo Goossen, further developed the Miller engines into the Offenhauser engines.

In 1946, the name Offenhauser and engine designs were sold to Louis Meyer and Dale Drake. It was under Meyer and Drake that the engine dominated the Indianapolis 500 and midget racing in the United States. In 1965, Meyer was bought out by Drake, his wife Eve and their son John. From then until Drake's son John sold the shop to Stewart Van Dyne, the Drake family designed and refined the engine until its final race days.

One of the keys to the Offenhauser engine's success and popularity was its power. A 251.92 cubic inch (4,128.29 cm³) DOHC naturally-aspirated four-cylinder racing Offy with a 15:1 compression ratio and a 4.28125 × bore and stroke could produce 420 hp at 6,600 rpm (1.77 hp per cubic inch, 81 kW/L) making it remarkably power-dense. Other variants of the engine produced even higher outputs of 3 hp per cubic inch (137 kW/L), unparalleled for their size and capacity in power-to cubic-inch/cylinder-count ratio. Another reason for the engine's success was its reliability. Its monobloc construction made it immune to head gasket or cylinder stud problems, and allowed for higher cylinder pressures.

From 1934 through the 1970s, the Offenhauser engine dominated American open-wheel racing, winning the Indianapolis 500 27 times. From 1950 through 1960, Offenhauser-powered cars won the Indianapolis 500 and achieved all three podium positions, winning the pole position in 10 of the 11 years.

The Offenhauser shop began to do machine work for Lockheed in 1940, as the arms build-up for anticipated war began. The last prewar engine was shipped on July 17, 1941, and the plant began producing hydraulic systems after the Pearl Harbor attack. Leo Goossen finally became a full-time Offenhauser employee in 1944, and Fred Offenhauser sold the company in 1946.

In 1959 Lime Rock Park held a famous Formula Libre race, where Rodger Ward shocked the expensive and exotic sports car contingent by beating them on the road course in an Offenhauser powered midget car, which was normally considered competitive on oval tracks only. On the strength of this performance, the car was entered in the Formula 1 1959 US Grand Prix at Sebring, where it was totally uncompetitive, setting a qualifying time of 3:43.8 compared to the pole time of 3 minutes dead and being the slowest Formula 1 starter at 3:33.4.

When Ford came onto the scene in 1963, the Offy began to lose its domination over Indy car racing, although it remained a competitive winner on the circuit including at the 500 through the mid-1970s even with the advent of turbocharging. A more powerful turbocharged version of the engine was used by Offenhauser in 1968, and gave Bobby Unser the win that year. The engine made 750 hp @ 9,500 rpm, from a displacement of only 168 CID. Outputs over 1000 bhp could be attained, using around 44.3 psi of boost pressure. The final 2.65-litre four-cylinder Offy, restricted to 24.6 psi boost, produced 770 bhp at 9,000 rpm. The Offy's final victory came at Trenton in 1978, in Gordon Johncock's Wildcat. The last time an Offy-powered car raced was at Pocono in 1982 for the Domino's Pizza Pocono 500, in an Eagle chassis driven by Jim McElreath, although two Vollstedt chassis with Offenhauser engines failed to qualify for the 1983 Indianapolis 500.

Common Offenhauser engines

Offenhauser produced engine blocks in several sizes. These blocks could be bored out or sleeved to vary the cylinder bore, and could be used with crankshafts of various strokes, resulting in a wide variety of engine displacements. Offenhauser (and Meyer-Drake, in later years) frequently made blocks, pistons, rods, and crankshafts to specific customer requests. However, certain engine sizes were common, and could be considered the "standard" Offenhauser engines:

 * 97 cid - to meet the displacement rule in many midget series
 * 220 cid - displacement rule in AAA (later USAC) sprint cars
 * 270 cid - displacement rule for the Indianapolis 500 under AAA rules
 * 255 cid - for Indianapolis (during the 1930s fuel consumption rules)
 * 252 cid - displacement rule for Indianapolis under USAC rules
 * 168 cid - displacement rule for turbocharged engines at Indianapolis (to 1968)
 * 159 cid - displacement rule for turbocharged engines at Indianapolis (1969 and later)

World Championship Indianapolis 500 summary
From 1950 to 1960, the Indianapolis 500 was a round of the World Drivers' Championship.

See Indianapolis Motor Speedway race results for a more complete list.

In the 11 World Championship years, the Meyer-Drake Offenhauser engine partnered for at least one race with the following 35 constructors:

 * Adams
 * Bromme
 * Christensen
 * Emil Diedt
 * Frank DelRoy
 * Dunn
 * Eagle
 * Elder
 * Quin Epperly
 * Wayne Ewing
 * Hall
 * Kurtis Kraft
 * Eddie Kuzma
 * Langley
 * Lesovsky
 * Carl Marchese
 * Maserati
 * McLaren
 * Meskowski
 * Lou Moore
 * Nichels
 * Olson
 * Pankratz
 * Pawl
 * Phillips
 * Rae
 * Schroeder
 * Sherman
 * Russ Snowberger
 * Stevens
 * Sutton
 * Trevis
 * Turner
 * A. J. Watson
 * Wetteroth

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(excluding the 1950-1960 Indianapolis 500) (key)

title: Offenhauser