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Tom Tunney

Thomas M. Tunney (born August 22, 1955) is an American politician and entrepreneur from Chicago, Illinois. From 2003 to 2023, he served as an alderman on the Chicago City Council. He represented the prominent 44th Ward of the city, which includes major tourist destinations, Northalsted and Wrigleyville neighborhoods. He was also vice mayor from 2019 to 2023.

Education
Tunney was born and raised in the southwest side of Chicago. After graduating from Brother Rice, a local Catholic high school, he attended the University of Illinois where he obtained his bachelor's degree in restaurant management. Tunney succeeded in obtaining a master's degree in hotel administration from Cornell University.

Entrepreneur
Returning from college, Tunney moved into the Lakeview neighborhood. Hearing that Ann Sather was retiring and closing her restaurant in Lakeview in 1981, Tunney met with Sather, offering a proposal to purchase her business. Tunney gained full ownership of the Ann Sather Restaurant and expanded it into a successful local chain.

Tunney joined several prestigious entrepreneurial circles and became chairman of the Illinois Restaurant Association. He founded and led the Lakeview Center Business Association and White Crane Wellness Center. As a result of his success, Tunney was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame in 1995.

Public service
Tunney opened his restaurants to grassroots and nonprofit organizations as town halls, serving as free meeting places. He committed himself to helping people with HIV and AIDS through programs he created, adopted by the Illinois Masonic Hospital. With a growing business network, Tunney became a fundraiser for local gay and lesbian political advocacy groups.

Tunney chaired the small business subcommittee of the Chicago Economic Development Committee. Mayor Richard M. Daley appointed Tunney to the mayor's Parking Task Force.

Alderman
In 2002, just months before the 2003 municipal elections, 44th Ward Alderman Bernie Hansen announced that he would retire. Hansen resigned just months before the election so as to allow the mayor to appoint the replacement alderman. Mayor Richard M. Daley, with Hansen's consent, nominated Tunney to replace Hansen in December 2002. Tunney's nomination was confirmed by a 41–0 vote of the city council on January 16, 2003, and, with wide support in the Democratic Party, Tunney was elected to a four-year term as alderman on February 25, 2003. He has been re-elected four times, in 2007, 2011, 2015, and 2019.

During his campaign Tunney claimed that he would address the potential conflict of interest which would arise through his business arrangements by selling his interest in four restaurants. After being elected and sworn in, Tunney decided not to sell.

Tunney introduced an ordinance repealing Chicago's ban on foie gras in July 2007 and spearheaded passage of the repeal on May 14, 2008.

Tunney considered running for mayor in 2011, but ultimately did not.

In 2013, Tunney denied unattributed published reports that he supported moving or demolish the iconic scoreboard at Wrigley Field to clear the view for nearby rooftops owners.

Tunney has had an often adversarial relationship with the Ricketts family, current owners of the Chicago Cubs, whose stadium, Wrigley Field, is located in his ward. The Ricketts family has accused Tunney of being, "needlessly disrespectful" in negotiations with them about the redevelopment of Wrigley Field. Cubs chairman Thomas S. Ricketts has publicly criticized Tunney.

Tunney considered running for mayor in 2019, but ultimately did not. In the runoff of the election, Tunney endorsed Lori Lightfoot.

On May 17, three days prior to her inauguration as mayor, Lightfoot tapped Tunney to serve as both vice mayor and chairman of the Council's Committee on Zoning, Landmarks and Building Standards. On May 29, 2019, Tunney was formally appointed as chairman of the Council's Committee on Zoning, Landmarks and Building Standards.

In August 2022, Tunney announced that he would not run for an additional term on the Chicago City Council in 2023. Tunney considered challenging Mayor Lightfoot for mayor in the 2023 Chicago mayoral election, going as far as collecting signatures for a ballot petition. However, Tunney decided not to run and ultimately endorsed Paul Vallas ahead of the election's first round. Tunney has indicated that after leaving the City Council he intends to advocate of behalf the city's business community.

Personal life
Tunney is the cousin of actress Robin Tunney, who played Agent Lisbon on The Mentalist.

Tunney was the first openly gay Chicago Alderman.

title: Tom Tunney


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User:Evil Monkey/Scrubs

Here are the names that Dr. Cox has called JD in Scrubs:

Season 1

 * 1 - Pumpkin, JD
 * 2 - Radar, Susan
 * 3 - none
 * 4 - none
 * 5 - Margaret
 * 6 - Linus, Agnes
 * 7 - none
 * 8 - Supergirl, Doogie, John Dorian(!)
 * 9 - none
 * 10 - Janet, Ginger, JD, Scooter
 * 11 - Judy, Margorie, Sally Sensitive (Jordan called him that)
 * 12 - Ginger
 * 13 - Lilian, Clarabel
 * 14 - Shirley
 * 15 - none
 * 16 - Marcia, Larua, My Little Precious, Rainbow
 * 17 - Grace
 * 18 - Tinkerbell, Betty
 * 21 - Belinda
 * 22 - Gladys, Clara, Janice
 * 23 - Rhonda, Kimmy, Johnny
 * 24 - Charlotte

Season 2

 * 1 - Felicia, Oprah, Farrah
 * 2 - Sandy, Rhoda, Carol
 * 3 - Gal Friday, Muffin, Angie
 * 4 - none
 * 5 - Babes, Tiny Dancer, Fiona
 * 6 - Vivian
 * 7 - Martha, Nancy Drew
 * 8 - Sabrina
 * 9 - Britney, Eunice, Skeetch, Carol, Murder She Wrote, Shakira
 * 10 - Denise
 * 11- none
 * 12 - none
 * 13 - Rosanne
 * 14 - none
 * 15 - Gladys, Ginger, Tiffany (those three were in his head), Betsy, Lily
 * 16 - Girl's Name, Ellen
 * 17 - Maggie, Monica, Nancy, Marsha
 * 18 - Lassie, Toto, Scooby, Benji, Astro, Fido, Hooch, Rintintin
 * 19 - none
 * 20 - Stephanie, Errol Flynn
 * 21 - Shannon
 * 22 - Wilma

Season 3

 * 1 - Zsa Zsa, Gwenyth
 * 2 - A Hilton Sister
 * 3 - none
 * 4 - Molly, Janice, Denise, Tiffani Amber Thiessen, Pippy, Princess
 * 5 - none
 * 6 - Angela, Violet
 * 7 - Tammy, Queer Eye, Numb-nuts
 * 8 - none
 * 9 - Dixie, Captain Bedside, Naomi
 * 10 - none
 * 11 - none
 * 12 - Beyonce, Britney, Pink
 * 13 - none
 * 14 - Polly, Sheila
 * 15 - Annika, Abby, Judy
 * 16 - Carol, Debbie
 * 17 - none
 * 18 - Trish, Annie, Melinda
 * 19 - none
 * 20 - none
 * 21 - Sheila
 * 22 - none

Season 4

 * 1 - My Lady, Mariska, Jazel, Fantasisa
 * 2 - Jojo, Scarlett
 * 3 - none
 * 4 - Porsche, Kiki Dee, Peggy
 * 5 - Gloria, Gidget, Bingo
 * 6 - Rosalita (though not to his face), Wonderbra, (we also learn that Monday is ethnic day)
 * 7 - none

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Evil Monkey/Scrubs


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Tony Ageh

Tony Ageh OBE, (born 23rd December, 1959) was until 2023 the New York Public Library's Chief Digital Officer having previously been Controller of Archive Development at the BBC.

His first job as a school leaver was production assistant on Home Organist, working for Richard Desmond, subsequently the proprietor of Express Newspapers.

He then moved to Publishing Holdings, which owned list titles including What Mortgage and What Telephone. With four colleagues he set up and ran publishing co-operative Brass Tacks, publishers of Mortgage Magazine, during which time he helped football fanzine When Saturday Comes to gain national distribution and upgrade its production to magazine quality. Also during the 1980s he joined Richard Branson's short-lived London listings magazine, Event, set up while Time Out journalists were on strike, then became publisher of City Limits magazine, rival to listings magazine Time Out, which eventually ceased publication in 1993.

He was invited to join the Guardian Media Group in 1990 by Jim Markwick, then managing director. By the mid-1990s he was head of product development at The Guardian where he launched "The Guide", a listings supplement, Wired UK and introduced online content to a UK national newspaper for the first time. From The Guardian he rejoined Branson to work on the launch of virgin.net, originally a portal for the Virgin group of companies, now part of Virgin Media.

He joined the BBC after quitting the UK listings and information service UpMyStreet in 2002. At the BBC he led the team which devised and developed the BBC iPlayer, which necessitated no fewer than 84 internal BBC presentations. In October 2008 he was appointed as the Controller of BBC Archive Development in which he championed the public service use of the BBC's archive through products such as BBC Genome and The research and education space (RES) built in partnership with JISC and the British Universities Film & Video Council, working with former Guardian colleague Bill Thompson .

He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2015 New Year Honours.

title: Tony Ageh


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Patrick Levar

Patrick Levar (born c. 1951) is the former alderman of the 45th ward of the City of Chicago.

Early life
Levar is a graduate of St. Patrick's High School (1969) and Northeastern Illinois University (1973). Before becoming Alderman Levar worked as an assistant to the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Cook County from 1974 until 1987.

Alderman
Levar was one of the so-called "Vrdolyak 29" opponents to Mayor Harold Washington.

Levar remains widely despised in the district he represented, largely due to his unethical behavior and shakedown of area businesses for free products in exchange for favorable treatment. He controlled three political action committees: Citizens to Re-elect Patrick J Levar, the 45th Ward Regular Democratic Organization, and the Patrick J Levar 45th Ward Committeeman Fund.

Alderman Levar was Chairman of the Committee on Aviation of the Chicago City Council. Levar was chairman of the Aviation Committee since the early 1990s, while his brother Michael was a top city official in charge of O'Hare International Airport construction contracts until Michael retired from his city job in 2004. Michael Levar was a focus of a massive investigation of city aviation deals looking into possible women- and minority-owned business fraud and into campaign contributions from airport contractors to Alderman Levar.

Levar unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Clerk of the Circuit Court of Cook County in 2000.

title: Patrick Levar


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Helen Shiller

Helen Shiller (born 1947) is a former Alderman of the 46th ward in Chicago, Illinois. Shiller is also a published author, having written a 500-page book on her politics and activism in Chicago from 1971 to 2011. Shiller served in the Chicago City Council for six four-year terms, from 1987 to 2011. Shiller was elected to the City Council on her third attempt, as Harold Washington, Chicago's first black Mayor, was re-elected to his second term, and her election as alderman helped close the Council Wars era in Chicago government. Shiller has been described as "a reformer unafraid to take on the boys in power." A less flattering description is that she is "committed to liberal causes and destroying all within her path". Among her most significant impacts on Chicago were her advocacy for diverse, inclusive, affordable housing and helping craft Chicago's response to the HIV/AIDS crisis. Her commitment to fostering community development without displacement often brought Shiller into contention with some constituencies, real estate developers, and editorial boards. Shiller's oral history was collected by Pulitzer Prize-winning author and Uptown resident Studs Terkel in his 2003 book, Hope Dies Last. As she details in her own book, among her policy victories as a City Council member was: getting human rights legislation passed, having Chicago implement anti-apartheid legislation, creating a City Council Subcommittee on Domestic Violence, and building a unique mix-used development.

Early life and education
Shiller was born in 1947 and raised on Long Island in New York, growing up in a middle-class family. Her parents were home owners. Her father, Morris Shiller, was a self-employed chemist who emigrated to the United States from Latvia. Some members of his family were Holocaust victims. Shiller's mother was Sara (née Trop), Sara was born and raised in Belarus, where she lived through various occupations, including by the Germans, Polish, Russians, and Soviet Union. Sara came to America through Ellis Island at the age of six. She became a nurse and married Morris, in 1936. She died at the age of 96 in the summer of 2011.

Helen Shiller earned her high school diploma in 1965 from Woodstock County School in Vermont, the same progressive boarding school that Pete Seeger's children attended. Shiller graduated with a degree in history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where she was active in the anti-Vietnam War movement and in the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). In 2005, Shiller graduated from DePaul University's School for New Learning Master's Program, where her focus was public policy.

Early career
Shiller moved to Chicago's Uptown neighborhood in 1972 with her husband Marc Zalkin and her infant son, Brendan, and lived on N Malden Street in Uptown. Shiller drove a cab, worked as a waitress and freelance photographer, and got involved in radical politics. With one of Chicago's most controversial political organizers, Walter "Slim" Coleman, Shiller helped organize the Intercommunal Survival Committee, a sort of white support arm of the Black Panther Party. The committee evolved into the Heart of Uptown Coalition, a political and social service organization steeped in the rhetoric of Marxism; "comrades" were expected to organize "cadres." "We must have the frame of mind that as revolutionaries we have (to) be able to solve any problem that comes our way ..." Shiller said. The Coalition provided an array of programs geared toward providing essential services for the poor, including medical clinics for pregnant women, mothers and young children; a legal aid clinic, food pantries and distributing clothes and meals to the poor. For decades Shiller and her allies worked to preserve Uptown as the last North Side lakefront neighborhood south of Rogers Park that is home to a significant population of low income households.

Shiller supported Michael Bakalis in his 1978 primary challenge to Illinois Governor James R. Thompson, attacking Thompson for "making deals with the Chicago machine" and for being unsympathetic to the urban poor. Shiller helped open an extension of Shimer College at 4833 N Broadway in the Fall of 1978. Shiller took on Illinois' dentists when in 1978 the Uptown Peoples Community Services Center joined consumers groups in a federal lawsuit which attempted to break up dentists' monopoly on fitting dentures. From 1981 to 1987, Shiller was president and CEO of Justice Graphics, Inc. a print shop, a small business of which Shiller and Coleman were two of five owners.

In 2003 Shiller recalled the period:

"I was as student in the sixties, engaged in the civil rights movement, anti-Vietnam War protests. I'd come from New York to attend the University of Wisconsin. It was an exciting time. A lot of active students wound up in different cities and communities as organizers. I chose Racine, Wisconsin. I spent three years there. We had developed a legal clinic and we had a whole health program, but the city was too small. I had, of course, heard about Uptown in Chicago, and the challenges. So I wound up here in 1976. I waited tables. I did photography, took pictures for attorneys. Ultimately we started our own print shop in order to print our own newspapers and magazines."

First campaign for alderman (1978)
A special election was called for May 16, 1978 in the 46th Ward when Alderman Chris Cohen, first elected in 1971, was re-elected in 1975 but retired in mid-term to head the Chicago regional office of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. On March 6, 1978, Ralph Axelrod, chief administrative assistant to Cook County Sheriff Richard Elrod, and ward committeeman since 1973, slated himself for alderman.

At the time, Shiller was 30 years old and the editor of Keep Strong, a leftist magazine. Shiller's first attempt at elected office was to join a multi-way challenge to Axelrod. "I ran for alderman of this [46th] ward in 1978. I was terrified. I was very shy, afraid to speak to more than five people at a time," Shiller recalled in 2003. Shiller picked up much of the support that Young Lords founder and leader Jose Cha Cha Jimenez had in Jimenez' unsuccessful challenge to Cohen in the 1975 elections. He was running primarily as a defence against the FBI's CointelPro repressive program and to expose the displacement of Latino and lower income areas from the lakefront and near downtown by the Richard J. Daley machine. He still received 39% of the vote coming in second in a three-way race. Shiller's base of support was the same geographic center of the ward, an area of high density, low-income families between Broadway and Clark Street. Shiller campaigned pledging to work to keep the disadvantaged of Uptown from being displaced by gentrification.

Independents including Aldermen Dick Simpson (44th), Martin J. Oberman (43rd), and Ross Lathrop (5th), and former alderman and mayoral candidate William Singer (43rd), endorsed Angela Turley, founder of the Organization of the Northeast (ONE), a community group. Turley was also unanimously endorsed by the 46th Ward Citizens Search Committee, a group of 50 ward residents who interviewed 10 candidates. Turley and another candidate Carl Lezak, a former priest and former director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), were challenged and stricken from the ballot by the Chicago Board of Elections Commissioners, leaving a three-way race for alderman between Axelrod, Shiller, and former television news reporter Michael Horowitz. Shiller charged that the regular Democratic organization used unfair campaign practices against her, challenging about 100 of the 400 new voters she helped register, stealing her campaign posters, and pressuring store owners to remove her signs. The Chicago Tribune endorsed Axelrod, noting Shiller "runs primarily as a champion of the poor." Axelrod prevailed, receiving 5,575 votes, or 54.5%, to Shiller's 3,475 votes.

Second campaign for alderman (1979)
Shiller and Turley challenged Axelrod in 1979. An extra alarm fire early on Friday, February 9, 1979, weeks before the election, caused extensive damage to the building containing Shiller's campaign headquarters and left 15 homeless. The Chicago Tribune endorsed Axelrod. Shiller (6,852 votes; 46%) bested Axelrod (6,088 votes; 40%), but, as no candidate received a majority of the vote in the three-way race, a run-off was forced. The Chicago Tribune and Turley endorsed Axelrod in the run-off. The Chicago Tribune wrote that "Ms. Shiller's program shares many elements with that of the Black Panthers and appears to be based on hopes of an eventual "revolution" [not defined]." Turley described Axelrod as "the lesser of two evils in the race now." Axelrod enlisted 40 volunteer attorneys and 200 off-duty policemen to challenge ghost voting in a project he called "Operation Safeguard." Axelrod challenged 1,060 voter registrations on the ward's rolls, 931 of which were upheld by the Chicago Board of Elections Commissioners. Axelrod defeated Shiller in the run-off by 247 votes. Shiller later recalled the campaign:

"I won the primary, but not with fifty-one percent of the vote. We had a runoff and I lost by two hundred votes – to a machine candidate. We were bringing fresh ideas, but we were not experienced in fighting the machine on election day. I swore I'd never run for alderman again. There was so much racial baiting that it was terrifying. I was called names. ... My posters had black paint all over them with racial epithets. It was very disturbing."

Third campaign for alderman (1987)
In Harold Washington's successful first campaign for Mayor of Chicago in the 1983 municipal elections, Shiller was employed as the campaign organizer for the 46th Ward. Shiller owned and operated a print shop, Justice Graphics, that printed the campaign literature for Washington's first mayoral campaign. Justice Graphics published the All-Chicago City News, a 40,000 circulation pro-Washington, left-wing, bilingual, biweekly newspaper edited by Shiller and Walter "Slim" Coleman. Coleman formed a plan to register 100,000 new voters for Washington by canvassing public aid offices and became a close advisor to candidate and, later, Mayor Harold Washington. Just before the 1983 elections, Alderman Axelrod resigned from City Council to take a job in the Cook County Sheriff's office. Community activist Charlotte Newfeld and Jerome Orbach ran for alderman and went to a run-off, which Orbach won by 66 votes. Orbach allied with Edward Vrdolyak and the Vrdolyak 29 during Council Wars.

"Harold was mayor, and he was harping on me to run for alderman," Shiller recalled in 2003. In 1987, Shiller, Nancy Kaszak, and Gerald Pechenuk challenged Orbach. Kaszak was a lawyer, a former vice president of the Chicago Council of Lawyers, a Mayor Harold Washington appointee to the Commission on Chicago Landmarks, a leader of the Lakeview Citizens' Council, and president of Citizens United for Baseball in Sunshine (CUBS), which opposed night baseball at Wrigley Field. Newfeld co-chaired Kaszak's campaign. Pechenuk was a consultant for Lyndon LaRouche Jr. for 12 years, and was treasurer of LaRouche-supported Sheila Jones's mayoral campaign. Shiller challenged Pechenuk's nominating petitions.

Mayor Washington endorsed 18 incumbent aldermen and 5 challengers, including Shiller. Washington appeared at a joint rally with Shiller at which she announced her candidacy. Kaszak was endorsed by the Chicago Sun-Times, the Independent Voters of Illinois-Independent Precinct Organization (IVI-IPO), the National Organization for Women (NOW), the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), and former aldermen William Singer and Dick Simpson. The Chicago Tribune endorsed Orbach. Shiller charged that Orbach catered to developers, displacing people in the wake of rehabilitation that priced housing out of the reach of many, and said she wanted community zoning boards, with their decisions binding on the alderman. Shiller charged that most of Orbach's campaign war chest was from developers and regular Democrats outside the ward.

In the four-way race, Orbach took 40% of the vote and Shiller 38%, but, no candidate received a majority, resulting in a run-off. Kaszak endorsed Shiller, although many of Kaszak's followers supported Orbach. Orbach tried to position himself on both sides of the pro-/anti-Washington political fence, and late in the campaign attempted to stage a public conversion to pro-Washington positions. Some prominent independents, such as Alderman Marion Volini (48th), state Representative Ellis B. Levin and state Senator William A. Marovitz, endorsed Orbach, as did the Chicago Sun-Times and Chicago Tribune. "His [Orbach's] relationship to large real estate developers is very important. He's become more of an advocate for people outside of the ward than for people here," Shiller charged. Some of Orbach's allies spread a rumor, aimed at lakefront Jewish voters, that as alderman Shiller would support a Palestinian state. Shiller's forces called Orbach a racist, although a large number of blacks backed Orbach in his early campaigns. Shiller later said,

"The machine alderman who won in 1983 [Orbach] had a chief of staff who was engaging in racial organizing. There were white gangs up here. One of them he helped organize into a consciously racially white-power gang. They hooked up with both the Klan and the Nazi Party."

In the months leading up to the election, the Heart of Uptown Coalition and a Shiller supporter who was director of the Center for Street People, 4455 N. Broadway, organized a voter registration drive that registered 80 homeless people using the center's address, and on election day fed them a meal at a local church hall and helped them vote. Jesus People USA, a 500-member commune/business/charity/religious group with many members living in the ward, had supported Orbach throughout his career, but switched to Shiller before the run-off. Jesus People's spokesman explained "We think Jerry Orbach is a lovely man, but he doesn't have what it takes to stand up to the development ... If things keep going there will be massive displacement. People will be thrown out of their homes. We decided that Helen Shiller would do the most to prevent displacement." Orbach supporters charged that a City official had offered City contracts to the Jesus People's construction firm if Shiller were elected. On Tuesday, April 7, 1987, Shiller defeated Orbach by 498 votes, 9,751 to 9,253, and contributed to a narrow, pro-Washington, reform-minded majority in the City Council which helped draw the Council Wars era to close.

Aldermanic career
In her six terms as alderman, Shiller served on eight committees: Budget and Government Operations; Buildings; Committees, Rules and Ethics; Finance; Health; Housing and Real Estate; Human Relations; and License and Consumer Protection.

First term (1987–1991)
On December 16, 1987, Shiller was among the supporters of the 1988 City budget, proposed by Washington in late 1987 and passed 29-19 under Mayor Eugene Sawyer after Washington's death in office. Shiller was among opponents of Sawyer's 1989 budget, approved 34–13 on December 7, 1988. In January, 1988, Shiller was named one of "88 People to Watch" by Chicago Tribune staff. Shiller was Mayor Richard M. Daley's staunchest opponent in City Council votes in the last three months of 1989, in Daley's first year of his first term.

In 1989, Shiller sponsored a resolution creating a sub-committee on Domestic Violence. Shiller backed a group of 50 to 75 people including more than 40 homeless people and six children who erected a "tent city" from doors and wood on a vacant lot at 4425 N. Malden to illustrate the plight of the homeless. On Friday, October 14, 1989, Shiller was among five arrested when police, called by the owner, evicted about 100 protesters from the lot. Shiller was charged with trespassing and spent "about two minutes" in jail before charges were dropped.

Uptown Chicago Commission funding
In November, 1987, Shiller's first budget cycle, she recommended to the Budget Committee that the City cancel a federal grant for the Uptown Chicago Commission (UCC), a 32-year-old community group in Uptown that often contended on issues with the Heart of Uptown Coalition, of which Shiller was co-chairman with Walter "Slim" Coleman. The recommendation came during Budget Committee hearings on the distribution of $95.1 million in federal Community Development Block Grants. Mayor Washington's budget recommendation included a $20,000 grant to UCC to facilitate residents applying for home improvement loans. The UCC's service area included the adjoining 48th Ward, whose Alderman Kathy Osterman also supported the funding. Shiller requested that the committee deny the UCC its grant. Shiller accused the UCC of helping developers displace low-income Uptown residents. After heated debate, the Budget Committee voted 9–5 in favor of Shiller's amendment to remove the grant for the UCC.

Upon the death of Mayor Washington in office, Shiller supported Alderman Timothy C. Evans for mayor, but supporters of Alderman Eugene Sawyer prevailed. Weeks later, at the first City Council meeting under Mayor Sawyer, the UCC funding was restored. Shiller said restoring the grant to the UCC would affect only the 48th Ward, not her ward. "I was not going to have them operating in the 46th," Shiller said, claiming she had reached an agreement to keep UCC services out of her ward several days before Washington's death. "Mayor Sawyer had nothing to do with this," Shiller claimed. "He had recommended no changes."

Low-income housing consent decree
As early as 1966 Uptown was among the possible sites proposed for a northeast-side commuter campus in the City Colleges of Chicago community college district. The Uptown site west of the Wilson Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) station was opposed by those concerned for the displacement of low income residents, largely blacks, southern whites and American Indians. The project was mired in heated controversy for decades. Avery v Pierce, a federal lawsuit filed in 1975, alleged that the razing of about 3,000 low-income housing units for the development of Harry S Truman College constituted misspending of funds by the City and Chicago Housing Authority. Plaintiffs were represented by Shiller's former campaign manager, attorney James P. Chapman of the Uptown Peoples Law Center.

In 1985 Randall H. Langer, a young real estate developer active in apartment rehabilitation in the neighborhood, aided the creation of a local historic district, the Sheridan Park Historic District, which critics charged was of dubious historical value and created to facilitate gentrification. Nineteen tax delinquent properties in Uptown were offered for sale by auction by Cook County in Fall, 1987. Since 1983 Cook County had a program to afford local governments the opportunity to acquire tax delinquent properties for almost nothing, prior to the county's scavenger sale to the public, if the local government had a specific development plan. On October 28, 1987, Shiller urged the Tax Delinquency Subcommittee of the Cook County Board to accept a no-cash bid from the city for the 19 tax-delinquent parcels in Uptown. A decision was deferred when Commissioner Rosemarie Love requested a delay on grounds that the Washington administration had not provided a development plan. Subcommittee chairman Commissioner Richard Siebel said the county's no-cash sales program was "designed to place property back on the tax rolls as quickly as possible – not for land-banking. It's not appropriate for us to pass this until the city tells us, parcel by parcel, what they intend to do and how they plan to pay for it." Another commissioner noted that the City already owned 7,000 tax-delinquent properties, and another added, "Properties we gave to the city 12 years ago are still war zones. I don't want the same thing to happen here."

As a bench ruling in Avery v Pierce neared, Shiller proposed an ordinance that directed the city to settle and accept a consent decree. The consent decree would have put most vacant parcels in Uptown into a land bank for future affordable housing, administered by a community development corporation, funded by the city with $100,000 over two years. The consent decree also would have made a "desirable" goal of 3,000 low-income housing units in Uptown. On November 16, 1987, the Committee on Finance of the Chicago City Council, chaired at the time by Shiller ally Alderman Timothy Evans, voted 21 to 2 to recommend the consent decree. Shiller gloated during committee hearings that, with Mayor Harold Washington's backing, the decree could not be stopped. Pulitzer Prize-winning commentator Mike Royko wrote in the Chicago Tribune:

"One of the most depressing sections of Chicago is the Uptown area on the North Side. Shabby apartment buildings, vacant stores, wino bars, littered vacant lots, junkies, muggers, and career down-and-outers. It also has a new alderman, Helen Shiller, and she has a vision of what that seedy old neighborhood should be in the future. And apparently her vision is that Uptown should remain a seedy old neighborhood."

In 1988 Royko wrote of Shiller, "her main motive was that she was building a political power base, which included as many winos as she and Coleman could drag to the voting booth." Shiller's proposal was criticized in a series of editorials. The Chicago Tribune called the proposal "silly," editorializing:

"It would have enabled her [Shiller] to strangle commercial development in her Uptown ward and keep it poor. ... It was a flagrantly bad idea and deserved its defeat. It would have put Helen Shiller and her sidekick, Slim Coleman, in charge of a 'community development corporation' whose avowed purpose would be to block private investment in the 46th Ward and use all available space for low-cost housing. This would consolidate their own power by ensuring a constituency of poor and dependent voters."

In 2003 Shiller explained the editorials:

"When I first became alderman, there was a developer up here who felt very threatened by me. He hired a publicist to really go after me. Any time I talked about development without displacement, they would ream me. They went to the press and got some of the most vicious editorials published."

On December 3, 1987, 16 of the parcels were sold to private bidders at Cook County's annual scavenger sale, and Langer and partnerships Langer controlled bought 13 of the parcels. On December 9, 1987, at the first regular business meeting of the City Council after the death of Mayor Washington in office, Washington foes brought the proposal out of committee. Alderman Bernard Stone joined Alderman Osterman in blocking the agreement, saying Shiller's "arrogance prevailed and that arrogance has to be answered on this floor." The Council rejected the consent decree 29–17.

Second term (1991–1995)
In 1991, Shiller supported Danny K. Davis in Davis' unsuccessful primary challenge to Daley. Daley endorsed Shiller's challenger, Michael Quigley, campaigned with Quigley and sent letters in support of Quigley. Shiller finished seven votes ahead of Quigley, but a third candidate got 3.4% of the vote, which forced a runoff, the third straight run-off for Shiller and the fourth straight for the 46th ward. In the run-off, Shiller won with 53% of the vote, amid charges that Quigley was a carpetbagger.

Shiller added a budget amendment to triple the city's AIDS budget in 1992. Shiller was one of nine alderman voting against Daley's 1993 budget, which included a $28.7 million property tax increase. Shiller was absent for the 1994 budget vote, and was one of four aldermen dissenting on Daley's 1995 budget.

Third term (1995–1999)
The Chicago Tribune was among newspapers that endorsed Shiller for re-election in 1995, and she won with 57% of the vote, without a run-off. Shiller supported U.S. Representative Bobby Rush in his unsuccessful challenge to Daley in 1999.

"Arguably, the single most important legislative responsibility that aldermen have is voting on the city budget each year," Shiller said. She was the lone dissenting vote on Daley's 1996, 1997 and 1998 budgets. During hearings on Daley's 1996 budget, which included a $19.5 million property-tax increase, she submitted 123 questions on the budget in writing to department heads, but only 35 were answered. She objected to the tax increase in a period of several years of budget surpluses. She attended every hearing on Daley's 1997 budget armed with policy questions that she said went unanswered. She was often the only alderman present at budget hearings.

Fourth term (1999–2003)
In 1999, Sandra Reed, a black high school English teacher, and two other women opposed Shiller, the first all-female field in an aldermanic race in Chicago history. The Chicago Tribune again endorsed Shiller. Shiller prevailed with 55% of the vote in a runoff. Shiller was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame as a Friend of the Community in 2000.

On November 17, 1999, Shiller joined in unanimous support for Daley's 2000 budget, her first affirmative vote on a Daley budget and only her second affirmative vote on a City budget. Aldermen applauded. Shiller again joined in unanimous support for Daley's 2001, 2002, and 2003 budgets. In the 2001 redistricting of Chicago wards, Daley tried to deprive Shiller of her most committed supporters, but failed when none of the aldermen in adjacent wards wanted to contend with Shiller's supporters. Shiller and Daley, however, reached an understanding: the mayor supported her in the 2003 elections and also pushed forward development of Wilson Yard, a Chicago Transit Authority facility destroyed by fire, into affordable housing and a Target store, using the Wilson Yard Tax Increment Financing District and the $26.5 million it generated. Subsequently, Shiller consistently voted in support of the mayor's agenda.

Fifth term (2003-2007)
Shiller and Daley supported each other for re-election in 2003. Shiller cited Daley's commitment to affordable housing, and in particular his Planning Department's work on the Wilson Yard project. Columnist Mark Brown wrote in the Chicago Sun-Times,

"The last squeaky wheel in the City Council had been greased. The last independent voice had joined the chorus ... Shiller's endorsement of Daley is all the more amazing when you look at where she started, about as close to a Marxist as you'd ever find at City Hall."

Shiller defeated Reed again in 2003, this time with 58% of the vote. Shiller again joined in unanimous support for Daley's 2004 budget. Shiller was the only alderman who did not cast a vote on the passage of the Big Box Ordinance, which required large retailers to pay a living wage. Target sent a letter to Mayor Daley and alderman indicating that if the ordinance were not overturned, they would not proceed on projects in Chicago. Shiller voted to sustain Daley's veto.

Sixth term (2007–2011)
Criticism of Shiller in the 2007 election largely focused on the lack of communication with ward residents, failure to obtain input from residents for zoning changes in the ward, her lack of involvement in community policing meetings, and the many years of blighted retail in the ward. Some critics charged that Shiller was frustrating developers while using the Wilson Yard project to maintain her political base. In 2007, Shiller defeated social worker James Cappleman with 53% of the vote. In October, 2007, Shiller became chair of the City Council's Human Relations Committee. In 2009, Shiller was criticized by Uptown residents for her perceived lack of engagement in addressing crime in the neighborhood, including a string of violent robberies in nearby Lakeview that attracted the attention of the Chicago Tribune, Chicago Sun-Times, and local TV news. Police interviewed said interventions from Shiller and her staff facilitated the protection of gang members from policing activity, allegedly for gaining voter base, according to a report in Chicago Magazine.

Mayor Daley was among supporters of the Wilson Yard redevelopment project celebrating the completion of construction on July 20, 2010. The project included 98 units of subsidized housing for low-income residents in two buildings, one for seniors, and another for other families. The Target store opened on Sunday, July 22, 2010. On August 2, 2010, Shiller announced she would not run for re-election in 2011. Shiller reflected,

"... we should be able to make sure that everyone has a place in the city, and when we do development ... we should make sure that the people who are here today will be here when that is complete ... my most singular perspective was to prove that that is possible. ... we have to have a city that is not just inclusive about our diversity but is serious and honest about making sure that everyone has a place here ..."

On closing her ward office, Shiller wrote:

"I am most proud of my achievements in tripling the City's funding budget for HIV/AIDS victims and for developing the toughest stance on Apartheid that was ever written in the 90's, for my work on domestic violence issues and establishing 24-hour daycare for children, the Ruth Shriman House for senior living, the Wilson Yards Development and for welcoming Target as a neighbor and partner, and of course setting the bar for affordable housing in Chicago."

Retirement and the Westside Justice Center
Shiller retired from politics in 2010 after her sixth term as alderman. In 2014, her son Brendan, a defense attorney, found a few empty buildings on Chicago's west side and laid out a vision to his mother that included setting up shop for his law firm, Shiller and Preyar. Shiller used her years of experience in government work and community advocacy to create the Westside Justice Center which officially opened in 2015. By 2017, the Westside Justice Center became home to two law firms, several sole practitioners, three non-profits, and a cafe. The main non-profit, also called the Westside Justice Center helps to connect low-income communities to social services with the help of the center's legal team.

Personal life
Shiller separated from her husband Mark Zalkin, one of Mayor Harold Washington's assistant press secretaries, and with Shiller a leader of the 46th Ward Community Service Center (later the Uptown Community Service Center) and an editor of Keep Strong magazine, and with Shiller and Coleman an editor of All-Chicago City News. Zalkin died on February 23, 1998, at age 49 due to complications from multiple sclerosis.

Shiller and Zalkin have one son, Brendan Shiller. Brendan attended Joseph Stockton Elementary School, a Chicago Public School, and Whitney Young Magnet High School, a selective-enrollment public magnet high school in Chicago's Near West Side. While attending Truman College, Brendan was managing editor of All-Chicago City News. After Truman, Brendan went to Howard University in Washington, D.C. For two years starting in February, 1997 Brendan edited StreetWise, a street newspaper sold by people without homes or those at-risk for homelessness in Chicago. In 2003, Brendan graduated first in his class from John Marshall Law School and currently works as a lawyer representing criminal defendants and police misconduct plaintiffs. One of Shiller's granddaughters is the published poet Britteney Black Rose Kapri. Shiller is now a professional poker player.

Helen Shiller and her long-time staff member Maggie Marystone were interviewed in separate chapters in Hope Dies Last, a collection of oral histories by Pulitzer Prize-winning author and Uptown resident Studs Terkel.

Publications

 * Shiller,Helen (2022), Daring To Struggle, Daring to Win
 * Shiller,Helen (2022), Daring To Struggle, Daring to Win

title: Helen Shiller


text:
Talk:Witches' Water

"Sensual"?
In English this word has erotic implications similar to "sexual". Is it meant to mean here simply "sensory", of the senses? -- Antaeus Feldspar 08:52, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Is this an advertisement? Does this article's tone sound comercial to anyone else? I do like the park's idea, however. User:JohnJohn

"Sensual" appears to have been replaced with "sensory" in this article before my attempt to copyedit it and remove the POV final paragraph. David Kernow 03:51, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Witches' Water


text:
Patrick J. O'Connor

Patrick J. O'Connor (born June 21, 1955) is a former Chicago politician. He is the former alderman in Chicago's City Council representing the 40th ward on the North Side of the city. He was first elected in 1983 at age 28. His tenure ended in May 2019 after his loss to challenger Andre Vasquez in the 2019 Chicago aldermanic elections. O'Connor was an unsuccessful candidate in the Democratic Party primary election for Illinois's 5th congressional district special election, 2009.

Early life
O'Connor is the son of a Deputy Commissioner of the Department of Streets and Sanitation, Bureau of Equipment Services, under Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley.

O'Connor graduated from Loyola University of Chicago School of Law in 1979. Fresh from law school, O'Connor successfully sued the city for back pay for his father after Mayor Jane Byrne fired him.

Chicago City Council (1983–2019)
O'Connor was first elected alderman for the 40th ward in 1983. He was subsequently reelected eight times, in 1987, 1991, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015. In 2019, he was denied a tenth term on the City Council, being unseated by challenger Andre Vasquez.

Council Wars
During the tenure of Mayor Harold Washington, who was black, O'Connor, who is white, caucused with the mostly-white opposition block in City Council known as the "Vrdolyak 29". O'Connor chaired the City Council's Committee on Education as a freshman alderman.

Investigations and controversies
In his first term, a federal grand jury investigated O'Connor for providing, in late 1983 and again in late 1984, year-end jobs on the Education Committee staff for fifteen persons, including his mother-in-law, his brother-in-law, his sister-in-law, wives of two former members of his law firm, and the wife of a former staff aide. Some of those hired admitted they did not realize they were on the City payroll. "All in the Family" was a popular name for O'Connor's hiring practices, and O'Connor became known as the "City Hall Santa". O'Connor compared his hiring practices to those of Britain's royal family. When asked at a City Hall news conference if the practice amounted to nepotism, O'Connor said: "Absolutely. I think nepotism is a system that has been around a long time. It has worked very well in England. I don't think it's been much more of a problem here."

In 2008, O'Connor was found to be one of seven Chicago aldermen who between them got ten of their children good-paying summer jobs with the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago.

In May 2013, O'Connor suggested that the Catholic Church and other religious institutions and not for profit organizations should pay property taxes and be billed for water provided by the City of Chicago. O'Connor's comments were in support of a plan by Mayor Rahm Emanuel to charge such organizations for water which had traditionally been provided without charge to not for profit organizations. “The silliest things can be said and people latch onto it.” O’Connor said. “For Chrissake, we sell everybody water! And now all of a sudden because we’re a church, we’re not supposed to sell them water? At some point, i think what’s gonna happen is someone’s gonna say how about looking at property taxes? We’ll give ya free water. How about paying for the property you own.” O'Connor further suggested that the Catholic Church should not criticize the plan to bill it for water use, but ought to address its clerical abuse scandals.

O'Connor is married to Barbara O'Connor, a real estate broker. In the last decade Barbara has built a successful business selling houses and condos, many of which could not have been built without zoning changes enacted by the city council. Barbara sold more than $22 million worth of houses and condos in the 40th ward after the projects were enabled by Alderman O'Connor.

Unsuccessful campaigns for other offices
In 1990, O'Connor was defeated by Cecil Partee in a four-way race for the Democratic nomination for Cook County State's Attorney in the Democratic primary on March 20, 1990, with Partee garnering 49% of the vote to O'Connor's 37.5%.

O'Connor was defeated in his challenge to Republican incumbent Jack O'Malley in a campaign for Cook County State's Attorney in the general election of November 3, 1992, with O'Malley garnering 62% of the vote to O'Connor's 38%. O'Connor lost to O'Malley in O'Connor's own ward, 8,516 to 9,363.

On Tuesday, March 3, 2009, O'Connor finished fifth in a 12-way race in the primary election for the Democratic Party nomination for the United States House of Representatives in the special election called to replace US Rep. Rahm Emanuel in Illinois's 5th congressional district.

title: Patrick J. O'Connor


text:
Talk:Old Persian

What is meant by "Persid"?

 * Old Persian is the oldest attested Persid language.

It's not clear since the target of the wikilink doesn't give a definition.--Imz 19:59, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * "Persid" is an archaic term. Iranian is the prefer term in contemporary historical linguistics. The use of "Persid" is similar to the use of "Indic" as a linguistic designation for Indo-Aryan, eg. "Vedic is the oldest attested Indic language". Although "Indic" now refers to things "Indian" as well. I suppose "Persianate" would be the closest in terms of descriptors for Iranian. Sarayuparin 10:02, 23 December 2006 (UTC)
 * "Persid" is an alternate term for Southwestern Iranian. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 01:42, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

Wrong dates?
the chart says 300BC but old Persian was first written by 550BC, not? Cpom 20:55, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

 * See discussion at Talk:History of the Persian language. –jonsafari 21:31, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Consonants mixed up @ Phonology section
Three consonants seem to be mixed up by the creator of the WikiTable @ the Phonology section. While it is true that is a voiceless consonant, it is a spirant (fricative) unlike all other consonants in this column and the other two are even more suspicious as c [c] [in the voiced column] is a voiceless palatal plosive and  is a voiced plosive, not a spirant.

I didn't correct it, as I'm not a phonetician nor an expert of the Old Persian language but I'd be very happy if someone could fix this or could explain why it doesn't need to be fixed. --Adolar von Csobánka (Talk) 19:32, 6 December 2006 (UTC)

 * All right, I improved the table and contacted the author to ensure that I am representing the phonemes accurately. Æµ§œš¹ [aɪm ˈfɻɛ̃ⁿdˡi] 09:20, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

" A Comparison Table of Old-Persian with other Iranian Languages"
this section is unreferenced, and a pain to maintain or verify. It also doesn't make much sense, Wikipedia articles on languages aren't for mass lexical comparison. It may have a place in a Wiktionary appendix. (wikt:Appendix:Iranian languages vocabulary comparison or something). It would be more valuable to have a prose paragraph on the sound changes involved. dab (𒁳) 07:17, 3 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Do you mean the transition between Old Persian, Middle Persian (Pahlavi) and Modern Persian table? I think it kind of shows a slight transition of some words and it is informative. The material seems to be taken from kent. Someone replaced Kaam (desire) with Kam (few).  --alidoostzadeh 03:41, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Old Persian Numerals
From reading the Gvozdanovic's book on Indo-European Numerals and looking at the various article in the Encyclopedia Iranica, it seems one could reconstruct forms *çayah (*çaiiah) for three, *čaθwārah for four, and *xšaš for six.

Check this table of sound correspondences:

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kurdish-language-i

Statement on the origins of Persian se found here:

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dimli

 * çaiiah which one can also transcribe as *çayah.

This goes with what we already know indirectly (from Elamite texts) or directly of the other forms: aiva-, duva, panča, hafta, ašta, nava, daθa. I wonder if the full form of aiva- would be aivaka. Any experts or people with sources want to chime in? So based on attested forms and reconstuction: aivaka, duva, çayah, čaθwārah, panča, xšaš, hafta, ašta, nava, daθa. Azalea pomp (talk) 18:10, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Witzel (2001) says (p. 66, footnote 162) that the -ka only shows up from Middle Iranian onwards and is absent in "Old Iranian", presumably both Old Persian (a West Iranian language) and Avestan (an East Iranian language).
 * Michael Witzel (2001): Autochthonous Aryans? The evidence from Old Indian and Iranian texts. Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies 7(3): 1–115.
 * David Marjanović (talk) 00:00, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

Pronunciation of ç
There was a long comment hidden in the table. It cites several sources. I took it out of hiding. Why was it ever hidden? David Marjanović (talk) 00:01, 13 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Relatedly, what is the evidence in favour of ç as ? 4pq1injbok (talk) 04:42, 21 March 2013 (UTC)
 * I hid it because it was more of a personal comment originally. The frequent modern assumption that ç denotes [ç] is influenced by IPA, I think; the reason ç was chosen was not because of IPA, which was not used much among philologists – or, prior to 1886, not even a thing yet, after all –, but probably with a look to ç in Romance, which stands variously for [ts] and [s] – with a welcome ambiguity, because 19th-century philologists were not completely sure what ç was pronounced like, either, they only knew it later became [s]. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 02:51, 1 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Relatedly: the palatal "stops" also seem to be probably wrong. They reflect Proto-Iranian *č, *ǰ , and they yield Modern Persian , . -- Trɔpʏliʊm • blah 15:27, 1 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Good point, I missed that one! Also, as mentioned in the notes, that word-initial OP v turns to MP g (mainly) before u, and b otherwise, suggests that OP v was really [w]. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 17:24, 1 July 2015 (UTC)
 * So I've been bold. How to integrate the conventional notation best into the table? I'm bad at tables, the wikitext is really inconvenient. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 17:48, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

Removed link to "lari language"
I have removed the link to "Lari language" stuck on the end of the introduction because the "Lari language link" insert is a awkward and poorly placed addition to the article. Also I think that there is no such thing as a "lari language" it seems to be a Modern Persian dialect. It seems to me that that article and the modification to the old Persian dialect were made by an Iranian/Persian who is motivated by "local pride" and is unaccustomed to academic writing in English. --173.9.219.250 (talk) 11:05, 14 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The Lari language is not merely a Modern Persian dialect; it is considered a language of its own, while closely related to Modern Persian. In contrast, Tajik is really essentially a Modern Persian dialect; per a source cited at Mutual intelligibility, it is fully mutually intelligible with Persian and Dari. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 03:00, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

Pronunciation of /ah/
I was the one who added Tremblay's hypothesis about the Old Persian reflex of Proto-Iranian *-ah (Proto-Indo-Iranian *-as) being pronounced [e(ː)] and later [i], but frankly, I can't be bothered to dig up the cite and the phenomenon of appending a yod to Middle Persian nouns (in Pahlavi, whose spelling is fairly historical and still reflects some Old Persian features) has a better explanation, as a remnant of case endings such as the old genitive singular in -ahya, see p. 36, n. 3 (in German). --Florian Blaschke (talk) 01:59, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Old Persian?
Man, Iranian people are do NOT equal to the Persian People. Iranian peoples consist of Tat, Talish, Baloch, Mazandarani, Tajik, Kurd, Lur and Persians etc. So, please correct the ridiculous definition of "𐎠𐎼𐎹 Ariya to be equal to the Old Persian". Plus, at the Achamenid era, not only Persians were using that language. All Iranian people were using it. So, it is not Persians' proper language. It should be put as: "Achamenid Language" to represent the all. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.70.245.165 (talk) 16:55, 18 May 2021 (UTC)
 * It doesn't claim this to be an equality, just that Old Persian was natively called "Ariya". It seems plausible that the name was shared with other old Iranian dialects that the other languages known to us descend from (later on at least Bactrian, not especially closely related, still has basically the same name too), but then other varieties were generally not written at the time.
 * "Old Persian" seems to be the standard term used in most linguistic sources; but if you know of sources that use something like "Achamenid", sure, that probably would be worth a mention. -- Trɔpʏliʊm • blah 03:43, 28 May 2021 (UTC)

On the alleged inscription found in Gherla, Romania
Okay, so it seems like this is a recurring theme of Harmatta at best just being deeply bad as a scientist and at worst just a liar. All three sources for the alleged Gherla inscription cite Harmatta's 1954 article "A Recently Discovered Old Persian Inscription," wherein Harmatta recounts that he had a friend whose father found an inscription in the soil behind his house which Harmatta alleges he saw but nobody else has. This is effectively just a "source:trust me, bro;" and seeing the quality of Harmatta's other work and the fact he just seems like a charlatan (like, what are the odds of his childhood friend finding an Old Persian inscription in Romania when he's a 'specialist' in the language?), this is almost certainly a blatant lie or a forgery (which Harmatta himself considers). Unfortunately, since the thing is actually in a published work, I can't just remove it, but my hope is that people will see this comment and understand that there is practically a zero-percent chance that an OP inscription was actually found in Romania.

Vindafarna (talk) 01:09, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Old Persian


text:
Talk:Pohang University of Science and Technology

Conflict of Interest
It is viewed by wikipedia as a conflict of interest for the International Affairs Office to contribute to this article directly. Parts of the article read like a press release; this is one common problem with conflict of interest editing. It is not entirely clear whether the many recent edits are related to POSTECH but it sure seems like it. Gabriel.c.drummond.cole (talk) 01:13, 11 May 2014 (UTC)

More information
This page is currently under construction by the International Affairs Office at POSTECH. If you have any questions or suggestions, please email Peter Lee (peterlee@postech.ac.kr).

Thank you for your continued support.

Thing(s) that we need to consider for later revisions

 * Any distinguished alumni or faculty?
 * Special mention about the Pohang Light Source?
 * How do we view the school's founder Hogil Kim?
 * POSTECH has a leading edge in life science. How do we go about explaining this?
 * How's physics doing at POSTECH?
 * Most of the introduction section is devoted to rankings. All the rankings except one or two most notable ones would better be listed in a separate section.

Revision History
December 12, 2004 (KST) Finally added the school enblem image.

December 11, 2004 (KST) Created a new article under Pohang University of Science and Technology
 * The entry Postech now redirects to Pohang University of Science and Technology. This is kind of nice, because the URL line shows Postech and the article is under the title Pohang University of Science and Technology.
 * A kind Australian (or New Zealand?) janitor added a category South Korean universities to the article.

December 10, 2004 (KST) Entry Postech created.
 * The proper acronym POSTECH was not used because people somehow hate a long acronym in all capitals.
 * Some kind person added the Postech article was a stub.
 * Changed entries on list of Universities in South Korea and Universities starting with P for Pohang University of Science and Technology and added links accordingly.
 * Some kind person changed the list of universities so that Pohang University of Science and Technology points to Postech.

How this thing started
There was a short discussion on POSB pointing to Wikipedia entries of South Korean Universties. Then some guy just said hey, MIT's got a great entry, why's that we don't have any? So I thought.. hmm.. why not? Anyway that's how this thing has started.

The handle Moosattack was created just for creating this entry (so that I could hide my IP info). I don't even know how the markup command goes in Wikipedia. So creating an entry will be a slow and tedious process.

Fair use rationale for Image:POSTECH emblem.png
Image:POSTECH emblem.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 19:56, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:POSTECH logotype.png
Image:POSTECH logotype.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 19:57, 26 November 2007 (UTC)


text:
Andris Piebalgs

Andris Piebalgs (born 17 September 1957) is a Latvian politician and diplomat who served as European Commissioner for Development at the European Commission from 2010 until 2014. Between 2004 and 2009 he served as Commissioner for Energy. Between 4 June 2016 and 19 August 2017, he served as the leader of the Unity party.

Career
Andris Piebalgs was born on 17 September 1957 in Valmiera, Latvia. Piebalgs is a graduate in Physics from the University of Latvia. Andris Piebalgs is an experienced Latvian politician who occupied key positions in both national and European political fields. Earlier in his career, while Latvia was still part of the Soviet Union, Andris Piebalgs worked as a teacher and was the headmaster of the 1st Secondary School of Valmiera (1980–1990). He also served as director of the department in the Ministry of Education in Latvia. He was a member of Communist Party of Soviet Union from 1979.

In 1988, Latvian People's Front, an organisation that united more than 200,000 people, was established. Supporters of Latvian self-determination gained victory in the March 1990 parliamentary election. It was the first time since the Soviet occupation that candidates from various political parties were allowed to take part. On 7 May 1990, Andris Piebalgs was appointed as Minister of Education in the new Government, and one year later, in August 1991, Latvia regained full independence. Andris Piebalgs' main task was then to put in place the first independent education system in Latvia.

In 1993, Andris Piebalgs won a seat in the Latvian Parliament, when the first elections after the restoration of independence were held according to the Latvian election law. He served as the chairman of the budget and finance committee until 1994. In September 1994, he became Latvia's Minister of Finance and deputy prime minister.

From 1995 until 2003, he worked in the Latvian Diplomatic service. Andris Piebalgs first served as the ambassador of Latvia in Estonia (1995–1997), where he helped to solve the sea border issue between the two states. In 1997 he became the Latvian Ambassador to the EU. In this capacity he helped to establish Latvia as the EU candidate country and led the accession negotiations, which resulted in Latvia's successful accession to the EU in 2004.

From 2003 to 2004, he was appointed Deputy Secretary of State for EU affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia. His role was instrumental in coordinating Latvia's position in the European Council and all Council formations. At the time, he also established the new development assistance policy for Latvia.

In addition to his native Latvian he is fluent in English, German, French, and Russian, and has basic knowledge of Estonian.

European Commission
During the first Barroso Commission, starting in November 2004, he was the European Commissioner for Energy. In that capacity, he led the development of a more competitive, sustainable and secure European energy system, which is one of the crowning achievements of the Barroso I Commission. In doing so, he was instrumental in propelling EU energy issues into the centre of EU policy-making. In recognition of his leadership in European energy policy, The Economist magazine honoured him with the title "Eurocrat of the Year" in 2007. In 2009, Andris Piebalgs received the "Diamond Prize" from the Regional Chamber of Commerce in Katowice (Poland) for his work in developing a cohesive European Energy Policy for the further generations. In 2009, the Energy Efficiency Global Forum presented him the Energy Efficiency Visionary Awards for his "outstanding contributions to the advancement of energy efficiency".

He was twice appointed Acting Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget in Janusz Lewandowski's stead, from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 while he was on electoral campaign leave for the 2014 elections to the European Parliament and from 1 July 2014 – 16 July 2014 after he took up his seat.

Selection hearing

 * Energy

On 15 November 2004 when questioned by the European Parliament as the Commissioner Designate for Energy, Piebalgs stressed the importance of environmental considerations in energy policy, and announced his intention to pursue a policy framework based on limiting growth in demand for energy while increasing diversity of supply.

He was cautious on the question of support for nuclear energy, and said that he favoured an EU-wide regulatory framework for nuclear safety as a way of increasing the industry's transparency and levels of public acceptance. He also said that, "strict application of provisions of the Euratom Treaty is essential."

Piebalgs expressed his unhappiness there was not yet a 'level playing field' for competition in the energy and gas industries across the union. He assigned high priority to reducing overall energy demand, especially by improving the energy efficiency of buildings, promoting the long-term development of hydrogen as a fuel source, improving the competitiveness of renewable energy sources through economic measures, and supporting the development of nuclear fusion and the ITER project.

Following his hearing Piebalgs received strong backing from across the political spectrum, including the Greens, who had previously described László Kovács's performance on energy issues as "an offense to the parliament".

 * Development

Hearing of the Commissioner Designate for Development took place on 11 January 2010 in the European Parliament. During three hours members of the European Parliament (MEPs) from Committees of Development, Foreign Affairs and International Trade questioned him about his political priorities and key aims of development policy. Commissioner Designate stressed that his main priorities in the office will be to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), ensure that EU Members States honour their commitments in regard to the Official Development Assistance (ODA) and to make our international aid more efficient.

Piebalgs underlined the need to take advantage of the creation of the post of a foreign policy High Representative and External Action Service, without, however "allowing development policy to be seen in any way as simply a tool to achieve wider political goals for the EU". He also stressed the need "to maintain the EU's role as a champion of the developing world."

Other activities
From 2012 to 2013, Piebalgs served – alongside Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, David Cameron and others – on the High-level Panel on Post-2015 Development Agenda, an advisory board established by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to develop the global development agenda beyond 2015, the target date for the Millennium Development Goals. In addition, Piegbals has held various honorary positions, including:
 * Friends of Europe, member of the board of trustees
 * Friends of the Global Fund, member of the board

Personal life
Andris Piebalgs is married and has three children. During his free time he likes to play tennis and to go skiing.

title: Andris Piebalgs


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Bryan, Bryan, Bryan, Bryan

"Bryan, Bryan, Bryan, Bryan" is a lyric poem by American poet Vachel Lindsay. Written in August 1919, the poem recounts the dramatic rise and fall of U.S. presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan during the 1896 presidential campaign. The work was first published in The Sun, a New York City newspaper, and later included in Lindsay's 1920 collection The Golden Whales of California And Other Rhymes in the American Language. The poem focuses upon the initial flowering of hope and later widespread despair among Bryan's ardent supporters throughout the electoral vicissitudes of the campaign.

Summary
The poem chronicles William Jennings Bryan's 1896 presidential campaign as seen through the eyes of an idealistic sixteen-year-old boy who strongly supports the Democratic Party candidate. While attending a Springfield, Illinois rally with his best girl, the young lovers hear the famous Cross of Gold speech recited by Bryan, a former United States Representative from Nebraska.

In the speech, Bryan supports bimetallism or "free silver", which he argues will bring the nation prosperity, and he decries the gold standard, proclaiming that "you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold". Bryan's oft-recited speech becomes one of the most famous political addresses in American history and garners the young boy's undying loyalty.

The boy's spirits are later crushed by Bryan's defeat via political intrigue at the hands of the Republican Party. The poem depicts the election outcome as an ignominious victory of large financial institutions and East Coast elites such as John Pierpont Morgan over the poorer regions and interest groups depicted as friendly toward Bryan such as the American Midwest and farmers.

The poem lists and comments upon many of the key political figures of the 1896 election, including the retiring presidential incumbent Grover Cleveland, the winning candidate William McKinley, and McKinley's innovative campaign manager Mark Hanna. The poem also references contemporary 1890s cultural archetypes such as the Gibson Girl.

title: Bryan, Bryan, Bryan, Bryan


text:
Israel Football Association

The Israel Football Association (IFA; ההתאחדות לכדורגל בישראל, HaHit'aḥdut leKaduregel beIsrael, lit. 'The Association of Football in Israel') is the governing body of football in Israel. It organizes a variety of association football leagues where the highest level is the Israeli Premier League; as well as national cups such as the Israel State Cup, the Toto Cup, and the Israel Super Cup; also, the Israel national football team. The IFA was founded in 1948 as the Palestine (Eretz Israel) Football Association and is based in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. The Association is controversial due to its inclusion of clubs playing in Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank.

History
The Palestine Football Association (PFA) or Eretz Israel Football Association, was founded in a meeting held on 14 August 1928, and applied for membership of FIFA. It was admitted provisionally on 17 December 1928, affiliated on 17 May 1929 and recognised by FIFA's government on 6 July 1929. The PFA changed its name to the Israel Football Association (IFA) following the founding of the state of Israel in 1948.

The IFA was a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) from 1954 until 1974, when it was expelled due to political pressure from Arab and Muslim members that refused to play against Israel. From then until 1992, the IFA was not affiliated with any confederation. During this period, the Israeli national teams played only in FIFA competitions and occasionally in OFC (Oceania), UEFA (Europe), and CONMEBOL (South America) qualifying tournaments.

In 1992, the IFA was admitted to UEFA as an associate member, becoming a full member two years later. Since 1992, Israeli clubs have played in the various UEFA club competitions, while the national teams have played in UEFA championships.

Controversy
As of 2017, the IFA included six member clubs playing in Israeli settlements in the West Bank. These are Maccabi Ariel indoor football club and Ariel municipal football club in Ariel; Beitar Givat Ze’ev Shabi in Giv'at Ze'ev, a settlement near Ramallah; Beitar Ma’aleh Adomim in Ma'ale Adumim, a settlement near East Jerusalem; Hapo’el Oranit in Oranit; and Hapo’el Jordan Valley in Tomer, a settlement built on land seized from the Palestinian village of Fasayil. A seventh club, Hapo’el Katamon Yerushalayim, plays some home games in the settlement of Ma'ale Adumim while two other clubs playing in Israel list offices in settlements near Hebron and Ramallah. Sari Bashi, Israel and Palestine advocacy director for Human Rights Watch, argues that the IFA is in violation of FIFA rules forbidding a club of one national association from playing in the territory of another as the West Bank is covered by the Palestinian Football Association, a FIFA member. Bashi also notes that Palestinians are not allowed to enter settlements to watch games played by these clubs.

German sportswear company Adidas previously sponsored the IFA, leading to criticism for supporting settlement clubs. More than 130 Palestinian sports clubs signed an open letter calling for Adidas to end its sponsorship of the IFA. An online petition of the BDS Movement to "Tell Adidas to end sponsorship of Israeli settlement teams" reportedly received more than 16,000 signatures. In June 2018, a Dutch BDS group delivered the open letter and petition to an Adidas office in Amsterdam. In July 2018, Adidas ended its sponsorship deal but was replaced as sponsor by Puma, another German sportswear company. As a result, Puma has become a BDS target with critics arguing that Puma, the IFA's only international sponsor, "is involved in violations of international law and human rights." Aya Khattab, a player on the Palestinian National Women's football team, argued that "Puma's sponsorship of the IFA, and the international legitimacy that it grants, signal to Israel's racist far-right regime that its expansion of illegal settlements by pushing Palestinian families off their ancestral lands can continue with impunity." Mahmoud Sarsak, a Palestinian football player who was imprisoned by Israel for several years without charge or trial, accused Puma of "supporting the hate which is destroying lives and poisoning the beautiful game" of football. In addition to Khattab and Sarsak, more than 200 Palestinian athletes and sports clubs have called for a Puma boycott, according to an article in Mondoweiss. In October 2019, posters calling for a boycott of Puma appeared on trains in London. The posters were removed by Transport for London, which described them as an unauthorized act of vandalism. In 2020, Universiti Teknologi MARA, the largest university in Malaysia, ended a sponsorship deal with Puma for their football team due to Puma's IFA sponsorship.

During the 74th FIFA Congress on 17 May 2024 in Bangkok, the Palestinian Football Association called for a vote on suspending the IFA from both UEFA and FIFA, stating that the damage to football infrastructure and deaths of Palestinian footballers during the Israel–Hamas war were enough grounds to justify the action, while other supporters referred to other suspensions such as those of Apartheid South Africa from 1961 to 1991 and Russia following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The IFA responded stating that their football was halted and that many of their footballers have been killed since 7 October 2023 while calling for peace and a future friendly between the two countries. Gianni Infantino would respond to the PFA stating that FIFA would conduct its own legal review and that the information would be forwarded to the FIFA Council meeting on 20 July 2024 while also calling for peace.

StandWithUs, a Israel advocacy group in the US, criticized calls for a boycott stating that "Sports are supposed to unite and bring people together, BDS drives them apart."

Awards and recognition
In 1979, Yosef Yekutieli, the founder of the IFA, was awarded the Israel Prize "for dedicating his life to promoting and laying the international foundation of Israeli sports."

title: Israel Football Association


text:
User:Eranb

Hi, my name is Eran B. You can usually find me at the Hebrew wikipedia, and mostly come around here to provide inter-wiki links.

&

title: User:Eranb


text:
Ennerdale Water

Ennerdale Water is the most westerly lake in the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. It is a glacial lake, with a maximum depth of 150 ft, and is 1/2 to 1 mi wide and 2+1/2 mi long.

The lake lies in the eponymous valley of Ennerdale, surrounded by some of the highest and best-known fells in Cumbria including: Great Gable (899 m), Green Gable, Brandreth, High Crag, Steeple and Pillar. To the west of the lake lies the hamlet of Ennerdale Bridge, consisting of two pubs and a few houses. It is close to the port of Whitehaven.

Etymology
" 'Anund's valley'. The name Ennerdale seems originally to have derived from 'Anundar', genitive sing.[ular] of the ON personal name 'Anundr'/'Ǫnundr', and ON 'dalr' 'valley', but there has been cross-influence between this p.n. and 'Ehen', the name of the river which flows through the valley." (ON is Old Norse.)

The lake has been referred to in guidebooks and maps variously as "Brodewater" (1576), "Brodwater" (1695), "Broad Water" (1760), "Ennerdale Water" (1784) and "Ennerdale Lake" in Otley's Guide (1823). It is now the Ordnance Survey convention to name it "Ennerdale Water".

Geography
Ennerdale Water is fed by the River Liza and other streams, and in turn feeds the River Ehen, which runs to the Irish Sea.

Water abstraction
Although the lake is natural, in 1902 a shallow weir was added to what is probably a glacial moraine to maintain the level. The lake is owned by United Utilities, which abstracts water to serve customers in the Whitehaven area.

In 2013, United Utilities was informed by the Environment Agency that the abstraction licence was being revoked to protect the environment of Ennerdale and the River Ehen. This meant that United Utilities had to find an alternative water source for customers in West Cumbria. After public consultation, a preferred option to provide water to West Cumbria via a new pipeline from Thirlmere was selected. After a public inquiry in 2014, the independent Planning Inspectors report ruled that the Thirlmere transfer was the right solution and that abstraction from Ennerdale Water would cease by 2022. The construction of the pipeline commenced in 2017. At the same time, United Utilities started to blend water from Ennerdale Water with groundwater from boreholes near Egremont.

Environmental protection measures
Ennerdale has been designated a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Species of interest include the Arctic char. The site contains a variety of habitats apart from the open water of the lake itself.

Tourism
Despite being sited on Wainwright's coast-to-coast walk, the valley is not much visited by tourists.

Due to the remote location, the lack of a public road up the valley, and its management by the Forestry Commission, the National Trust and United Utilities, Ennerdale Water has not been as spoiled as other lakes in the National Park by construction, activity on the lake or the effects of tourism.

Notable facts
Though the Lake District is a popular UK location for film shoots, Ennerdale has been left relatively in the shadow, with only a few brief exceptions. The closing sequences of the film 28 Days Later (2002), directed by Danny Boyle, were filmed around the Ennerdale area, and include a sweeping, panoramic view of the lake.

In 1810 a large carnivore killed hundreds of sheep in and around Ennerdale before it was hunted down and killed. The locals dubbed it the Girt (dialect: "great") Dog of Ennerdale, though it was said to have had the traits of both a dog and a large cat.

Once a year, during the last week in August, the Ennerdale Show brings local people together with agricultural displays, competitions, arts and crafts.

Former US President Bill Clinton first proposed to his wife Hillary on the banks of Ennerdale Water in 1973.

title: Ennerdale Water


text:
Sheldon Andelson

Sheldon Andelson (March 5, 1931 – December 29, 1987) was an American higher education administrator and a political fund-raiser.

Biography
Sheldon "Shelley" Andelson was born in the Boyle Heights area of Los Angeles, at the time a Jewish enclave of Los Angeles, and went on to have a lucrative career in law and real estate. He was the first openly gay University of California Regent. In describing Andelson, the Los Angeles Times called him a "Democratic Party heavyweight, once regarded as the nation's most influential gay political figure." Andelson was nominated to the Board of Regents by Governor Jerry Brown. He survived a nasty confirmation battle and served as a University of California Regent from 1982 to 1987. He was instrumental in the appointment of one of the first openly gay judges in California, Rand Schrader. At Andelson's urging, California Governor Jerry Brown appointed Schrader to the Los Angeles Municipal Court in 1980. Andelson was also a fund-raiser for Senator Edward M. Kennedy and Walter F. Mondale.

Other notable accomplishments, honors and contributions include, founder and Chairman of the Bank of Los Angeles, a member of the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, a founder of the Museum of Contemporary Art, director of the ACLU Foundation, and a member of a committee of the 1984 Olympic Games held in Los Angeles. Mr. Andelson was a graduate of Stanford University and USC Law School. Andelson served as a member of the Finance Committee of the Democratic National Committee [DNC] and spoke at the 1980 Democratic National Convention, held in New York City.

Sheldon Andelson was a lead partner in the 1980s trendy Melrose Avenue restaurant "Trumps". At the time, one of Los Angeles' most popular and exclusive dining spots. Andelson was also owner of The 8709 Club Baths, a popular gay nightlife spot.

The Andelson Collection at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library is named in his honor. Located in the Ethnic and Gender Studies Library, the Collection supports the teaching curriculum and research interests of faculty and students in gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and studies across the disciplines.

On December 29, 1987, aged 56, Andelson died of complications related to AIDS.

title: Sheldon Andelson


text:
User talk:Tangfe

"Korean slanders, rumours and propaganda about Japan are acceptable but any critical remarks about Korea are interpreted as "mad"? Double standard. Tangfe"

Hi Tangfe, I read your comment in the Talk:Korean-Japanese disputes under Discussion Caution and I just wanted to clarify that my comment above yours was addressed to Samurai91 and not you, since the last line in your comment suggested that you misunderstood my comment.

I think the point you made about the Korean propaganda is quite true. The thing is: Korean government had imposed anti-Japanese national policy when they became independent after WW2 in order to unite the country (as the old saying states, "to create a strong nation, first make a common enemy") and since then the policy has had its effect as you can see.

By the way, are you a Taiwanese by any chance? I'm a Japanese.--Nc622 09:08, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tangfe


text:
Deborah J. Glick

Deborah J. Glick (born December 24, 1950) is a member of the New York State Assembly representing the 66th Assembly District in Lower Manhattan, including the neighborhoods of Alphabet City, Greenwich Village, Noho, SoHo, the East Village, the West Village, Tribeca, and Battery Park City. She is a Democrat.

Biography
Glick is a lifelong resident of New York City and has lived in Greenwich Village for over 40 years. A graduate of the City University of New York's Queens College, she received a Master of Business Administration degree from Fordham University. Glick owned and managed a small printing business in TriBeCa before becoming deputy director of general services at the New York City Department of Housing, Preservation, and Development, where she worked until May 1990.

Glick's political activism began in college, and she is still strongly involved in grassroots organizing. Glick first ran for the State Assembly in 1990 and won, becoming the first openly gay state legislator in New York State She has served in the legislature for 30 years, championing a number of progressive legislative causes as well as key local issues. She is Jewish.

Legislative record
Glick serves as the Chair of the Assembly's Higher Education Committee, which oversees all private and public higher education institutions, financial assistance for students, and professional licensing, a position she has held since 2007. Additionally, Glick serves on the Ways and Means, Rules, Governmental Operations, and Environmental Conservation Committees. She also serves as the Chair of the Assembly's Intern Program, overseeing the Assembly's student interns.

As an Assembly member, her legislative priorities have focused on women's rights, including expanding access to reproductive healthcare; LGBTQ rights; environmental preservation and protection; the protection of animals, especially those in shelters; higher education; tenants' rights; increasing pedestrian and traffic safety; maintaining and expanding open space; and support for the arts.

Glick is a member of the Vote Blue Coalition, a progressive group and federal PAC created to support Democrats in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania through voter outreach and mobilization efforts.

LGBTQ and women's rights
Glick's legislative victories include the passage of the Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act (SONDA), which was finally signed into law in December 2002. Glick's Hospital Visitation Bill became law in 2004, providing domestic partners the same rights that spouses and next-of-kin have when caring for a loved one in a hospital or nursing facility.

She has worked on issues of concern to women for over thirty years, including advocating for reproductive freedom, a change in the rape statutes, and women's health concerns. The Women's Health and Wellness Act, a bill that promotes early detection and prevention of certain medical conditions affecting women, including breast cancer and osteoporosis, and provides coverage for contraceptives, became law on January 1, 2003. Glick was the lead sponsor of the Reproductive Health Act, to codify and expand protections granted in Roe v. Wade in New York State, which was signed into law in January 2019.

Deborah Glick supported the legalization of gestational surrogacy in the State of New York with some minor adjustments and changes to the bill to protect the surrogate and the parties involved in regards to monetary compensation. The bill was first introduced in the New York State Assembly in 2012 by Amy Paulin. Governor Andrew Cuomo signed it into law in 2021, effectively repealing the ban on the medical procedure with monetary compensation for the pregnant women involved. Glick believes in family planning methods and stated on Twitter in October 2021 that there is a problem called overpopulation of people on the planet, causing damage to the Earth.

Protection of animals
Glick is an animal lover and has sponsored and helped pass a number of bills to improve animal welfare. These include the Veterinary Emergency Response and Mobility Act, which allows out-of-state veterinarians and veterinary technicians to provide assistance in New York during declared disasters and high-volume animal cruelty investigations; an act to prohibit the importation, possession, sale, or release of Eurasian boars in New York State; and a law prohibiting the online shooting of animals or targets. She has also fought for increased funding for animal shelters and was twice successful in allocating a $5 million capital matching grant to humane societies across the state.

Higher education
In her role as Chair of the Higher Education Committee, Glick has championed the SUNY and CUNY systems and the rights of students. Among her legislative achievements, Glick was the primary sponsor of the Student Lending Accountability, Transparency, and Enforcement Act, which established protections for students and parents to protect them from exploitative student loans and became law in 2007. She also sponsored and championed legislation to implement the Enough is Enough Program, which requires New York State higher education institutions to adopt a state-wide uniform definition of affirmative consent and a number of policies protecting the rights of sexual assault victims and those who report assaults. Glick has also been an ardent supporter of the rights of student workers, such as graduate teaching and research assistants, to collectively bargain through establishing union chapters.

Tenant's rights and arts support
During her tenure, Glick has been a strong advocate for tenants' rights and has sponsored and won renewal of the Loft Law. This law brings formerly commercial buildings up to residential code and protects current tenants, many of them artists, from eviction. This law became permanent in 2010. Deborah has always been a strong proponent of the arts and has consistently advocated for increases in funding state-wide because of her conviction that the arts play a crucial role in the economic and cultural life of New York City and New York State. Currently, she is the sponsor of several measures to protect the rights of tenants, as well as legislation to provide a tax credit to renters.

Pedestrian and traffic safety
Glick has been a champion for pedestrian safety. She was the lead Assembly sponsor of a bill establishing a pilot program to install speed cameras in school zones in 2013, which studies show has demonstrably reduced dangerous driving in those zones. Glick has championed legislation to expand that program, which has been blocked by the New York State Senate; however, after the pilot program expired in 2018, it was renewed and expanded by the New York City Council.

Glick was also the primary sponsor of bills allowing cities to set speed limits below 25 miles per hour, requiring motorists to yield to pedestrians in crosswalks uncontrolled by traffic signals, and requiring those under 16 to use seat belts when riding in the backseat.

Parks and open space
Glick has long fought against efforts to privatize open space in her district and has been a strong proponent of maintaining and increasing park space in her district and in New York City. Glick was active in the fight against developing the Westside piers into Hudson River Park, and since the park's creation, he has fought at the state and city level for adequate funding for the park's maintenance and against efforts to privatize parts of the park.

Glick has also been involved in grassroots community activism to preserve open space, including the preservation of the Elizabeth Street Garden. She was the lead sponsor on a bill that aided in the creation of the Stonewall National Monument, the first national monument honoring the history of the LGBT rights movement.

Disability rights
Glick was the lead sponsor of legislation requiring the MTA to make 100 key stations fully accessible. While the MTA has not completed this work, Glick has advocated for its completion and for expanding accessibility to additional stations.

Election Victories
On Tuesday, September 14, 2016, Deborah Glick defeated Jim Fourratt in the Democratic Party primary. She won 3151 out of the 3928 votes cast. Jim received 777 votes.

On Election Day in 2014, Glick defeated two opponents in the general election. The Assemblywoman won 16817 votes out of the 21089 votes cast. Progressive Party candidate Alexander R. Meadows received 1545 votes, and Republican Party nominee Nekeshia Woods received 2727 votes.

title: Deborah J. Glick


text:
Driza-Bone

Driza-Bone, originating from the phrase "dry as a bone", is a trade name for the company making full-length waterproof riding coats and apparel. The company was established in 1898 and is currently Australian owned and manufactures its products in Australia. The trademark of Driza-Bone was first registered in 1933.

This style of coat originated in Australia workwear for stockmen. Not traditionally considered desk-wear, the coats were developed to protect horse riders from the rain and feature straps that hold the coat to the rider's leg.

History
In the late 1800s, a Scot named Edward Le Roy emigrated to New Zealand. He was able to manufacture oilskin rainwear for use by sailors on sailing ships in the local waters at the time. The garments were originally constructed from the lightweight sails of the sailing ships. The waterproofing of the clothing was by application of linseed oil to the cotton. T. E. Pearson, the son of E. J. Pearson who started Pearson Soap in Hamilton, New Zealand, took a consignment of Leroy Coats to Australia. Stockmen at the time had gathered news of this garment from sailors who had subsequently left sailing to work on the land. Because the garments were flammable around campfires, T. E. Pearson worked on developing a new formula for sealing the coats. He did this in the backyard shed of his home in Kangaroo Street, Manly. Pearson subsequently, in partnership with Leroy, registered the trademark. T.E. died in 1964 and is buried in Frenchs Forest, New South Wales.

Over time, changes were made to the original design in the order of:
 * 1) longer coat for horse riding
 * 2) fantail in the back of the coat to cover the saddle
 * 3) wrist straps to secure the sleeves and stop the arms from getting cold
 * 4) leg straps to stop the coat from flapping around

As time went by, the linseed oil (while proving satisfactory for waterproofing) went hard and cracked in the hot summers. Le Roy and T.E. Pearson (of Pearson's Sandsoap fame) came up with a new proofing technique. This new proofing technique has remained unchanged to the present day.

In late 2008, the brand was brought back into Australian ownership for the first time in many decades. The acquisition brought with it several influential industry figures, including Steve Bennett (founder of Country Road). This resulted in the immediate relocation of both the Eagleby, Queensland, head office and primary warehousing facilities to Melbourne, Victoria.

In December 2023, Driza-Bone was purchased by S. Kidman & Co.

2000 Olympic Games
Driza-Bone riding coats were worn by the stockmen and stockwomen at the Opening Ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Also, the 2000 Olympic Band members wore Driza-Bone coats specially made for them as band musicians, in which the sleeves were made completely differently from the sleeves of the traditional Driza-Bone riding coats worn by the riders. The red, white and blue colours of the Driza-Bone coats for the band members were also different from the usual colour of the Driza-Bone coats. Also, all the medal presenters during the 2000 Summer Olympic Games wore Driza-Bone coats.

Stage musical
Driza-Bone coats were also worn by the cast members of the 2002 theatre musical "The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular". These were designed by the bush/rural clothing enthusiast and designer, Robert Peron, who is a major figure in attempting to have the Driza-Bone accepted as a true fashion item far beyond its status as an Australian icon — Driza-Bones not having entered the fashion lexicon as yet.

APEC Australia 2007
Driza-Bone coats made an appearance at the 2007 APEC Summit in Sydney. The 21 leaders at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation conference posed in a group photo wearing Driza-Bone attire. According to an official statement, Australian Prime Minister John Howard selected Driza-Bone as the national outfit "with counsel and good advice" from his wife, Janette, and the APEC taskforce.

Tales from Margaritaville
The Driza-bone duster, or stockman's coat is mentioned by name by the Tully Mars, the hero of the short story Take Another Road from the short story collection Tales from Margaritaville, by Jimmy Buffett.

title: Driza-Bone