text:
J. H. Allen

John Harden Allen (1847 – May 14, 1930) was an American minister associated with the Church of God (Holiness), and British Israelism. He came from Illinois, later moving to Missouri in 1879. Originally a pastor in the Methodist Episcopal Church, he later became a pastor in the Wesleyan Methodist Church in California. He was one of the co-founders of the Church of God (Holiness) in 1883. He "evangelized throughout the West and eventually moved to Pasadena, California, where he died". Around 1917 he produced a publication entitled Stone Kingdom Herald.

Judah's Sceptre and Joseph's Birthright (1902)
Allen is best known for his book titled Judah's Sceptre and Joseph's Birthright, which states that it is: "An Analysis of the Prophecies of the Scriptures in regard to the Royal Family of Judah and the Many Nations of Israel, the Lost Ten Tribes."

A review in the Baptist Messenger reported:
 * This is one of the most interesting volumes we have read in many a day and we confess that the arguments produced by Mr. Allen seem to be unanswerable. It is more thrilling than Western fiction. The description of the scarlet thread, the royal remnant, and the part played by Jeremiah in the preservation of the ruler for David's throne, will cause you to lose sleep rather than go to bed without knowing the outcome.

Overview of publication
When this book first appeared, Britannia still ruled the waves and the sun was shining on the British Empire, which is why many came to believe that the British were "God's People" and an introduction to the book claimed that:

 * A notable and immensely significant sign of the times is the revival of interest in Old Testament prophecy that is beginning to be strongly felt in Anglo-Saxon countries. This book presents facts and considerations which everyone must sometime take into account, for they are destined to become important factors in world affairs.

Contents
Judah's Sceptre and Joseph's Birthright is divided into three parts:

Part one addresses the claim that God made a promise to Abraham that his descendants would become many nations. The chapters are:

"Judah's Sceptre and Joseph's Birthright; Race Versus Grace; The Sceptre and The Birthright; Jacob's Seed Divided Into Two Kingdoms; All Israelites Are Not Jews; The Broken Brotherhood; Ephraim-Samaria – Israel's Idolatry; Samaria-Israel Cast Out And Cast Off; The Jews Go To Babylon And Return; Joseph-Israel Lost."

In part two the topics discussed are the promise to David of a perpetuated throne and Kingdom. The chapters are:

"The Sceptre And The Davidic Covenant; Jeremiah's Call And Commission; The Tearing Down And Rooting Out; Vindication Of The Personal Promises Of Jeremiah; A Royal Remnant That Escapes; The Prince Of The Scarlet Thread; The 'Prince Of The Scarlet Thread' And 'The Royal Remnant' United."

Part three claims to uncover the Abrahamic Nations. The chapters covered are:

"Lost Israel And The First Overturn Located; Jacob's Pillow-Pillar Stone; The Other Overturns; Dan --The Serpent's Trail; Israel In The Isles; A Few More Identities; A Study In 'Scarlet'; Egypt-Israelitish And Anglo-Saxon Emblems; The Two-Fold Aspect Of Prophetic Israel; The Coming Exodus."

title: J. H. Allen


text: User talk:216.208.81.169

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:216.208.81.169


text:
User talk:Sl

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 05:26, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)
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Current events
Hi hello, would you be interested to contribute to Current events in Hong Kong and Macao? best, — Instantnood 15:40, Jan 27 2005 (UTC)

DAB
The name of the merger of DAB and HKPA remains "Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong", according to the SCMP. Perhaps we can rename the original DAB article to "Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (1992 to 2005)", and place the article about the new party at "Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong". — Instantnood 03:08 Feb 28 2005 (UTC)

 * The name "Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong" was seen in another newspaper "The Standard". --Hello World! 07:32, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Let us wait until the two parties are formally merged. — Instantnood 15:59 Mar 4 2005 (UTC)

"Mainland China" in titles
Hello. I have proposed at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese) to change the title of some articles and categories. Would you be interested to join the discussion and say something? — Instantnood 20:41, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

Donald Tsang
Hi I noticed you have added an interwiki link to the Japanese version, but the entry there is now empty. Is it deleted or moved to somewhere else? Thanks. — Instantnood 20:28, May 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * The article should be at ja:曽蔭権. I have forgotten that some kanji used in Japanese are different from the Chinese hanzi. --Hello World! 07:35, 4 May 2005 (UTC)
 * I see. Thanks. — Instantnood 17:11, May 6, 2005 (UTC)

Wah Fu and Wah Fu Estate
I noticed you have added the merge and mergefrom tags on the two articles. I supposed the reason why they are two articles because the Wah Fu article is about the broader area comprises of Wah Fu and Wah Kwai estates. — Instantnood 14:59, July 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't think there is such a district called Wah Fu. I have put my reason on Talk:Wah Fu.--Hello World! 15:01, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I've responded there too. — Instantnood 17:26, July 10, 2005 (UTC)

Collaboration
I think both Chinese and English HK Wikipedians need more collaboration, for example, translation and copyediting project. That's just my out-of-a-second brainchild. User:Tonync told me to find you 'cos you are "the most active Hong Konger over there," and "an admin" as well. Honestly, I think your advice would help in some ways. :) -- Jerry Crimson Mann 06:32, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Questions
Is the Schwa (Cyrillic) also used in Uighur? Also, on your user page, are you saying you come from Hong Kong, or came from Hong Kong (and no longer live there)? Thanks ~ Dpr 17:21, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you for pointing out the mistake in my user page. I still like in Hk. Uyghur language once used Э(э) for [ɛ] sound, but Uyghur language is using Arabic alphabet in China now. See Uyghur_language. --Hello World! 06:44, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

Sun Yat-sen FAC
 Sun Yat-sen Sun Yat-sen is now on FAC. Let's click here and vote for its success!!!! De ryc k C.  09:31:41, 2005-09-04 (UTC)

User Categorization
You were listed on the Wikipedians/Hong Kong page as living in or being associated with Hong Kong. As part of the User categorisation project, these lists are being replaced with user categories. If you would like to add yourself to the category that is replacing the page, please visit Category:Hong Kong Wikipedians for instructions. Rmky87 19:07, 18 September 2005 (UTC)

It has ceased to be, it is an ex-open-proxy
Please unblock 210.0.201.213 as it is an IP used by me in my workplace. Thank you Hello World! 15:51, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * That's an easy one, they already closed that proxy down in response to an earlier request. Unblocked. Happy editing! --fvw *  19:53, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Re: Sheung Shui minibus
 Alright. Thanks for clarifying. See if it's better now. :-) — Instantnood 14:44, 8 November 2005 (UTC)
 *  It's interesting. :-) — Instantnood 08:32, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

Bắt đầu từ nay
My translation to English was as close as possible to the original Vietnamese while following English grammar. If you'd like to translate it into Chinese, let me know what you're having problem with and I might be able to help. A good tool is this Chinese-Vietnamese dictionary:. You just need to type in Chinese characters in the box and it will give you the Sino-Vietnamese form of the word. DHN 05:29, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

zh-Hakka
You removed the English translation of the tab, but I think this should be kept in. The site is the en.wikipedia.org, and I believe it would be helpful for English language readers to know what the script in Chinese means. If you leave it out, it becomes just a mystery for non-readers of Chinese text, and on an English language site, that is exclusionary. Dylanwhs 09:44, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

Follow-ups Template_talk:User_zh-hakka

Requested moves
I have removed your requests for moving a number of templates here. There does not seem to be any discussion or consensus regarding the matter, so please repost once this has been done. I am also posting this on User talk:Mistress Selina Kyle, as I am not certain where the discussion should take place regarding these templates. Thanks. --HappyCamper 20:10, 26 December 2005 (UTC)

 * In your edit history, you have modified a tremendous number of templates. Leaving an edit summary "bismala language ought to be bi" in my mind does not constitute sufficient dialogue for the changes. Although boldness is good on Wikipedia, I'd highly encourage you to talk to other editors who have an interest in these templates to see what they think. I have been told that many of your changes have since been reverted, so this is probably a good indication that more discussion is necessary before the changes you propose are made. Why don't you leave a message for User:Mistress Selina Kyle and see what this Wikipedian suggests? Thank you for your understanding. --HappyCamper 22:09, 26 December 2005 (UTC)

Hi! I'm removing your requests to move the four templates since there was no discussion or notice other than WP:RM created. If you wish to move those pages you'll need to create an area for discussion. Thanks! WhiteNight T 21:35, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

It's back! Properly requested and discussion areas properly made, the move you requested a while ago can be discussed at Template talk:User bi. —BorgHunter (talk) 04:51, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Newton's laws
In your second edit, it looked on the difference page like you just took out all the interwiki links, that's why I reverted it. It looked like somebody playing around with test edits, an edit summary would have helped. Apparently you had just duplicated them in your first edit. Gene Nygaard 14:26, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Re: American English templates
I didn't realize it had already been created. However, the template is much more popular, already has its own category, and has been listed at Userboxes/Non-ISO Languages. Also, the template was created much earlier, I think it would be best to just redirect  to. --Schzmo 03:22, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

Proxy
If it's a transparent proxy and the developers (ie, Tim Starling) feel it can be trusted to transmit the correct underlying IP address, then there is a possible solution. I've left a message on his talk page, perhaps you can follow up with him. -- Curps 17:50, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject C++
The WikiProject C++ aims to increase the quality of C++-related articles on Wikipedia, and has discovered that you have participated in the editing of them! So don't hesitate, join us! -- De ryc k C.  15:42, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:Az-nahcivan1.gif
I noticed that you tagged the page Image:Az-nahcivan1.gif for speedy deletion with the reason "already have Image:Az-nakh1.gif". However, "already have Image:Az-nakh1.gif" is not currently one of our criteria for speedy deletion, so I have removed the speedy deletion tag. You can use one of our other deletion processes, proposed deletion or articles for deletion if you still want the article to be deleted. Thanks! However, since you are the only contributor to the page, you can tag it with db-author to have it speedily deleted under criterion G7. Because images are not recoverable once deleted, I thought I'd just remove the tag and let you know rather than assuming that deletion under any criterion was what you wanted. Additionally, images that are redundant can sometimes be deleted using Redundant image, but that's not easy to judge. Hope this helps! Stifle 17:02, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

Establishment of The Wikimedia Hong Kong
encyclopedist 08:50, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Latin letter template
Ze and che are used in the Latin alphabet. They were borrowed from Cyrillic for Zhuang, just like Y and Z were borrowed from Greek. --Ptcamn 19:33, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

iso 639-1
your are my WP hero of the day for your edits at list of ISO 639-1 codes - Tobias Conradi (Talk) 21:52, 6 August 2006 (UTC)

ISO 15924
Since you edited ISO 15924 you may be interested in Template talk:User cyr and Category talk:User cyr. Tobias Conradi (Talk) 11:28, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/List of ISO 15924 codes by letter code - Tobias Conradi (Talk) 16:58, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Babel-N
Nice. Consolidating all the features of the other Babel templates into just Babel (the 'Babel-0' addition there was a good idea) and Babel-N allows alot of template cleanup and standardization. --CBD 13:11, 10 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, the Babel-N and Babel templates are basically parallel templates which just work a little differently. We could probaly have just one of them, but people have different preferences and it doesn't hurt to have both. I changed Babel-0 into a redirect to Babel. It and the other remaining redirects (Babel-X, Babel-1, Babel-2, Babel-3, and Babel-4) could probably be replaced on the individual user pages and then deleted. --CBD 14:52, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

My userpage/Babel-1
It is crucial that Babel-1 persist as something, whether it be the correct template or as a redirect, in my opinion.

I do a great deal of work on sister projects to ensure things like templates at least try to be consistent. Babel templates are some of the older templates in very widespread use. It would simply be idiotic to break existing things without syncronizing all WMF projects everywhere. Of course, to do that, you'd have to communicate with all sister projects in all languages first...

By keeping my userpage pointing to the old format, the likelyhood that some well-intentioned (short-sighted) idiot will delete the redirect is lower.

Edits to people's user pages without their permission is vandalism. You have been on WMF projects about the same amount of time as I have - you should know this by now. Please do not edit the template on my user page.

Thanks for your time,

--Connel MacKenzie - wikt 19:45, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

Bopomofo character
If you have one that needs encoding, I need evidence for it to get it encoded. -- Evertype·✆ 23:55, 1 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I have made a draft proposal. Would you like co-author credit? -- Evertype·✆ 10:58, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

Tufa Lilugu
Because Tufa Lilugu deals with ancient Chinese history, I think it properly falls under the province of traditional characters -- so replacing traditional characters with simplified characters is wrong. (See WP:MOS-ZH.) If you want to, add the simplified characters -- don't replace. But I think even adding simplified characters would not be correct except in the introductory paragraph. --Nlu (talk) 16:30, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

Happy New Year!
Happy New Year! Wish you all the best in the year of the pig. Wish you a year full of knowledge and energy. As nurtured as a pig, as content as a pig. Greetings from Hong Kong. --Deryck C. 16:58, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

User Category for Discussion
 A category created by you or to which you have significantly contributed is being considered for deletion, rename, move or merge in accordance with Wikipedia's Categories for Discussion policies. This does not mean that any of the userpages in the category will be deleted. They may, however, be recategorized. Please share your thoughts on the matter at this category's entry on the User categories for discussion page. Happy Editing by  Snowolf (talk)CONCOI on  01:10, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

Broadcasted
My reply - - Hong Qi Gong (Talk - Contribs) 17:52, 20 August 2007 (UTC)

Re: Tan An
It was upgraded to grade-III city status on September 2. DHN 16:10, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Moves of province articles
Hello, thank you for your great work with Vietnam-related articles. Just one thing: it appears that you moved all the province articles to titles without diacritics. We are still discussing that at WikiProject Vietnam (where you are invited to join--just add your name under the "Participants" section--we'd love to have you), so if you could avoid moving such articles in the future before we've come to a consensus about that, it would be great. Badagnani 17:41, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

Thank you
Thank you very much for your valuable correction of Chinese articles posted by myself. Hopefully you will continue your help in my future Vietnam-related articles.Genghiskhanviet 01:37, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

Chinese characters
Hi, could you provide the text for these images? Image:Yi Gang Wei Gang Quan Mian Yue Jin.jpg and Image:Three_Red_Flags.jpg We need to gloss them in Vietnamese but I have to use a tool that takes in characters in machine-readable format. Thanks! DHN 03:45, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

Bánh chưng
Can you tell what the character is in the photo at Bánh chưng? Badagnani 07:04, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

Ask for help
Can you help me ? What is this name忽必来 (he is a general of 成吉思汗) in English ? What is the ralation between 忽必烈 and 忽必来, are they son and father ? Thank you. I don’t understand this paragraph since it is written in an old form. 忽必来(?—1211)，又作虎必来. 蒙古国大将. 八鲁剌氏. 以雄勇著称.

早年与弟忽都思投靠铁木真(成吉思汗)，随从参加统一蒙古各部战争. 宋淳熙十六年(1189)，共同拥戴铁木真为蒙古部汗，充“云都赤”(佩刀侍卫). 嘉泰二年(1202)，受命整顿军纪，对战争中违令私掠财物之阿勒坛、忽察儿等予以惩治，籍设其所掠财物. 四年，充先锋，征乃蛮部，威震群敌，战功居多. 开禧二年(1206)蒙古国建立时，封千户长，并总管汗国军务. 为十大功臣之一，与者勒蔑、哲别、速不台并称“四獒”. 据《史集》载，其所辖千户隶属成吉思汗第五子阔列坚. 后统兵西征哈刺鲁，成吉思汗六年(1211)，迫使哈刺鲁部主阿儿思兰汗归降，并携其至怯绿连河(今克鲁伦河)行宫朝觐成吉思汗. 旋卒. ... ... Thank you very much.Genghiskhanviet 10:27, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

Tay Nguyen
At your request, I translated this paragrah Tay Nguyen now is also called “Tây Nguyên Trung Bộ” (translating into Chinese, no relation to the name:中部高原). During Republic of Vietnam, it was formally called “Cao Nguyên Trung Phần (translating into Chinese, no relation to the name:中分高原).Genghiskhanviet 17:27, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

Hán tự requests
Hi, just letting you know I contacted the Nom Foundation and am still waiting to hear back from the scholar John Balaban promised to put me in touch with, whom he said is an expert on this sort of thing. We'll get the place names sorted out soon, I'm convinced. The weirdest thing is that all the folks in Vietnam, with all the universities they have there, don't have access to any reference book that gives the etymologies of the place names in their own country. That is just weird. Badagnani 02:43, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

I just heard from Ngo Thanh Nhan (a chu nom/Han tu expert) and he is going to work on figuring out the traditional characters for the place names you asked about. Keep watching the "Han Tu requests" page at WP:VN. Badagnani 19:27, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

OK, Ngo Thanh Nhan just wrote to me after reading the list of place names you want the traditional characters for. He said:

 * However, for a start, you may want to ask for a list of Vietnamese towns in Chinese from
 * -- the Vietnamese Embassy in China, or
 * -- the Saigon Giai Phong newspaper or Nhan dan which have a Chinese edition, or
 * -- the tourist books in Japanese, Chinese or Korean
 * -- A Vietnamese-Chinese (Viet-Trung dictionary) that has a list of geographic names

 * By the way, where did you get the name Càng Long? Badagnani 17:14, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Hán nôm
What does the term "Hán nôm" mean? You just added it to Ha Long. I think the term for Chinese characters is Hán tự. Badagnani 02:48, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

Well, one sees "Hán-Nôm" at this page, but I think it means that the output of this tool gives both Hán tự and Chu nôm. By the way, do you have the tool that lets you type Vietnamese diacritics? I just got it recently and it's great! It also lets one type pinyin, French, Spanish, German, etc. If you want it let me know and I'll tell you how to get it. Badagnani 02:58, 16 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Hán Nôm (汉喃文) means Vietnamese articles written in Chu Nom and Han tu in Vietnamese language. --虞海 (Yú Hǎi) (talk) 06:34, 6 March 2009 (UTC) (Using 59.108.199.144)

Question: ɿ, ʅ, ʮ and ʯ
You changed the sound values of like, etc. in Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet. Are "fricatived vowels"? , etc. means have "fricativity" because  are fricatives. ―  韓斌 / Yes0song  ( 談笑  筆跡   다지모 ) 04:11, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

Missing ref?
In this edit you added a ref (with the name "no") but without any actual note attached to it. I noticed it when going through the list of pages using the old ref-note system to convert them. If you still remember what the intended note was, please do add it. Thanks! 207.233.32.18 (talk) (really, User:JesseW/not logged in(but not all the edits from this IP are me)) 04:08, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:HKHSlogo.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:HKHSlogo.png. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 12:09, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

First Anniversary Celebrations of Wikimedia Hong Kong
Invitied by Sith lord darth vader (talk), 14:49, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

RFC bot
Hah! That's actually pretty funny. And interesting. I don't know what could have possibly went wrong there, but at least the robut later came to its senses. --harej 18:32, 26 July 2008 (UTC)

Germanic languages
Hi, because its not a language on its own; just a pronunciation variation of the standard language. Standard languages are simply languages bound by certain all agreed on rules. Standard Dutch doesn't have a code; Dutch does. The same applies to English; it has a code (classification/tree etc); American and British English don't. Same goes for Belgian Dutch.HP1740-B (talk) 17:41, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Re:
It was done by User:Sry85 already. ^^ --Passawuth (talk) 15:39, 1 August 2008 (UTC)

Aragonese language
Thanks for letting me know, and sorry for reverting without double checking. I was actually on the Ethnologue website when I saw the change, so that's why I noticed it was different (but didn't notice it said 14th edition). Would it not be better to use the 15th edition in the info box for the most updated statistics? I noticed that the 15th edition has differences in some of the top languages. Kman543210 (talk) 12:55, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

"Must use HTML"
In the Greek alphabet article, you replaced a number of Unicode characters with their numeric character entity equivalents, with the comment "must use HTML". But in fact both representations are legal and correct HTML, and the Unicode characters are much easier to read when editing. Could you please explain this change? Surely we are not going to replace everything that is not Latin-1 with numeric character entities. Thanks. --macrakis (talk) 01:31, 13 November 2008 (UTC)

ISO 639-5
Thanks for pointing me to Talk:ISO 639-5 and thanks for updating the 639-5 templates :-) TalkChat (talk) 13:54, 5 February 2009 (UTC)

'car' - see User_talk:Alvestrand and. If you find more strange things with codes, we should try to add them to the ISO 639 page, if possible to the relationship table. —Preceding unsigned comment added by TalkChat (talk • contribs) 18:48, 5 February 2009 (UTC)

Celebrations for 2nd Anniversary of Wikimedia Hong Kong

Dear:  ：

Wikimedia Hong Kong has been founded two year ago. Today, we would like to invite you to a great event for our second anniversary celebrations, that is co-host by us - Digital Content Jam 1.0, which is belongs to The 3C Digital Creativity Dialogue Series -- Creativity, Content, Community.

This is the information of the event：

 * Date: 31, July, 2009 (Friday)
 * Time: From 7:00pm to 9:30pm
 * Venue: eTech Centre Meeting Room M2 &3, 4/F Opulent Building, 402-406 Hennessy Road, Wan Chai（Google map）
 * Language: Cantonese
 * Free snacks and drinks will be served!

Please register via the link below to tell us if you would like to join the event. Registration Form

Regards, Hong Kong Wikimedian Tango Chan 14:39, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

You are now a Reviewer
Hello. Your account has been granted the "reviewer" userright, allowing you to review other users' edits on certain flagged pages. Pending changes, also known as flagged protection, is currently undergoing a two-month trial scheduled to end 15 August 2010.

Reviewers can review edits made by users who are not autoconfirmed to articles placed under pending changes. Pending changes is applied to only a small number of articles, similarly to how semi-protection is applied but in a more controlled way for the trial. The list of articles with pending changes awaiting review is located at Special:OldReviewedPages.

When reviewing, edits should be accepted if they are not obvious vandalism or BLP violations, and not clearly problematic in light of the reason given for protection (see Reviewing process). More detailed documentation and guidelines can be found here.

If you do not want this userright, you may ask any administrator to remove it for you at any time. Courcelles (talk) 18:01, 19 June 2010 (UTC)

Nomination for merging of Template:Consonants
Template:Consonants has been nominated for merging with Template:IPA navigation. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. Thank you. Actually, a redirect is proposed. See also: IPA consonant chart. Discussion is here. DePiep (talk) 12:25, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

Nomination for merging of Template:Vowels
Template:Vowels has been nominated for merging with Template:IPA navigation. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. Thank you. Actually, a redirect is proposed. See also: IPA vowel chart. Discussion is here. DePiep (talk) 12:25, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

Hmong Wikipedia
Hi! I found meta:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Hmong

There are some well-known Hmong discussion groups, and I think they have to do with a University in Minnesota. Maybe this issue could be revisited and maybe (a) Hmong Wikipedia(s) could be created?

Looking at websites of agencies with Hmong language support (Hennepin County Library, City of Minneapolis, etc), they just have "Hmoob"/"Hmong" sections - no clarification of which kind of Hmong is used. WhisperToMe (talk) 17:02, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

Request for comment
This message is being sent to you because you have previously edited the Naming conventions (use English) page. There is currently a discussion that may result in a significant change to Wikipedia policy. Specifically, a consensus is being sought on if the policies of WP:UCN and WP:EN continues to be working policies for naming biographical articles, or if such policies have been replaced by a new status quo. This discussion is on-going at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (use English), and your comments would be appreciated. Dolovis (talk) 17:13, 19 May 2011 (UTC)

Nomination for deletion of Template:Latin alphabet inclusion
Template:Latin alphabet inclusion has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. Plastikspork ―Œ (talk) 21:36, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Hong Kong meetup 58
SusanLai (talk) 05:43, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for December 1
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Hong Kong meetup 83
SusanLai (talk) 10:30, 14 November 2013 (UTC)

Hong Kong meetup 84
SusanLai (talk) 07:23, 12 December 2013 (UTC)

Category:Counties of Vietnam
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title: User talk:Sl


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Agsu District

Agsu District (Ağsu rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the east of the country, in the Mountainous Shirvan Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Ismayilli, Shamakhi, Kurdamir, and Hajigabul. Its capital and largest city is Agsu. As of 2020, the district had a population of 81,000.

History
According to some sources that Agsu city was founded by Nadir Shah, in 1735. The remainders of that city ("Ruined city") is situated in the south of Agsu city. The name of the city is derived from "Agsuchay" which flow through the city. City status was given to Agsu, in 1967. Agsu district was arranged, in 1943. it is bounded by Ismayilli from the north and north-west, Shamakhi from the north-west and east, Kurdamir and Hajigabul from the south.

The district has 79 villages and 1 city. These dwelling areas are embraced by 24 territorial representations and 60 municipalities. Gagali, Kandoba, Bijo, Kalva, Pirhasanli, Jalayir, Padar, Arabushaghi and Garagoyunlu are the biggest villages in the district.

Education
69 schools providing general education, 5 out-of-school and pre-school institutes, 6 hospitals, 18 ambulatory-polyclinics, 22 doctor's assistant-mama dispensaries, a cultural palace, 10 cultural houses, 47 libraries, a music school for children and a history-ethnographical museum operate in the district.

In 1954, the first newspaper "Yeni Hayat" ("New Life") was published in the district. Then, the inter-regional newspaper "Irali" ("Forward") was published in 1961 and the newspaper "Birlik" ("Unity") was published in 1966. Nowadays, the newspaper "Agsu" which is an agency of the Executive Government of Agsu district is published in the district. The newspaper was registered in the Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic, on January 13, 2003.

Politics
Regional organization of 16 political parties and regional department of 16 social-political organizations (including, 3 non-governmental organizations) operate in the district. The regional organization of New Azerbaijan Party in Agsu district takes an important role in the social-political, cultural life of the district. The main organizations of YAP were founded in the district, in the beginning of 1993. Constituent Assembly was held in November, 1993.

Geography
Agsu District is located south of the Great Caucasian Mountains and on the plain of Shirvan. 6 villages, 3 territory units are mountainous. Relief of the district consists of mountainous, foothills and slanting flats. The mountainous zone is located at 700–1000m height above sea level. Relief of the mountainous zones is compound with rivers, valleys, ravines. Langabiz mountain chain is formed by small grey mountains from the banks of Goycay River to Pirsaatchay River. Its highest peak Sendelen (it is also known as "Sangalan" and "Bijo mountain") situated in the territory of Bijo village has the 929 m height above sea level.

The Girdiman and the Agsuchay and their branches flow through the district. Kukash gorge and Javanshir Lake (in the west), Yukhari Shirvan canal and its branch Agsu (in the south) as well as little Bijoderesi river are located in the district.

The climate of the district is, semi-desert, dry grey, winter months are usually mild, warm and dry (the south) and summer months are usually mild, warm and dry. Winter is dry, sunny and less snowy. The average annual temperature is 13-14 C. average monthly relative humidity is 50-81% during the year. The annual quantity of rain is 400–600 mm. Agsuchay begins to flow from Lahij Mountains. The middle flow of the rain is too deep, but it flows through a wide valley. The valley of the river loses its form beginning from Agsu city to the south. Here the river is used for irrigation of farming lands.

There are 55 km road of republican importance through the district. 37 km the road Baku-Shamakhi Yevlakh is a second categorical road, 18 km road Agsu-Kurdamir-Bahramtepe is the third categorical road.

Population
98,92% of the population is Azerbaijani, 1,08% is Lezgin, Turkish and other. 25.7% of the population lives in the city, 74.3% lives in villages. 49.1% of the population is male, 50.9% is female.

2,068 IDPs and refugees live in the district, with most of them coming from Armenia, Uzbekistan and the Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh.

According to the State Statistics Committee, as of 2018, the population of city recorded 79,200 persons, which increased by 16,100 persons (about 25.5 percent) from 63,100 persons in 2000. 39,800 of total population are men, 39,400 are women. More than 27,3 percent of the population (about 21,700 persons) consists of young people and teenagers aged 14–29.

Historical monuments
The statues of ram built in the Middle Ages brought great interest to the Agsu region. Even the figures of ram on the graves are observed in Padar village, Mustafa village. In Azerbaijan, these kinds of statues can be found commonly. These types of grave monuments are widely used in the South Caucasus, East Anadolu, Middle Asia, Sibir, and Altay. In ancient times, the ram was the symbol of abundance, victory and strength. It should be mentioned that the early information about stone ram figures comes from the foreign travellers who visited Azerbaijan in the XIII-XIX centuries. These ram statues are related to the Middle Ages historical Azerbaijani governments Aghoyunlu and Garagoyunlu.

Sheikh Dursun Mausoleum (XV century), "Xəzinə dağı" (Treasure Hill) tower, Sheikh Amir Ahmed Mausoleum (1722), Pir Bakhtiyar Mausoleum (XVIII century) are among the historical monuments of Agsu district. The red dome and white dome are located in Garagoyunlu village. The walls of the Red dome constructed in 1869–1870 in an octahedral prism shape were built of red-baked bricks. The white dome was built of white limestones in 1909.

Culture and tourism
Agsu region has a number of amenities offering a wide range of services, such as Agsu region History and Ethnography Museum displaying archaeological artefacts date back to the III-I centuries BC and other historical exhibits, Agsu region Cultural Center featuring "Goncha" folk instrumental ensemble, "New Aghsu" vocal-instrumental ensemble. "Ashugs" ensemble, Ethnography Houses in Garagoyunlu, Padar and Bozavand villages, Craftsmanship centres in Bijo and Yenilik villages, Culture houses in Jalayir and Kalva villages, Agsu region Children's Music School, Agsu Chess School, Agsu Children and Youth Art Center, Agsu region Heydar Aliyev Center. There is also a stadium with a capacity of 3000 and a sports complex. "Agsu" newspaper is published in the region.

Agriculture
Agsu district is the agricultural district. Cattle-breeding, grain-growing, cotton-growing, fruit-growing and vegetable-growing are the most important fields of the district's economy. 75.2% or 76742 hectare of its territory is useful for agriculture, 46.3% or 35550 hectares of it consists of arable land.

The economy of the district is arranged by agricultural activity. In 2007, the total output of the district was 55879.9 thousand manats, and 36685.8 thousand manats or 66 per cent falls to agriculture's share. Vegetable products of 21644 thousand manats, cattle-breeding products of 15042 thousand manats were produced in the district.

36184-hectare arable lands were freely given to long-term 43892 proprietors as a result of carried out agrarian reforms in National Leader Heydar Aliyev's initiative and under his leadership. Property of sovkhozes and kolkhozes in the sum of AZM 17.8 billion (AZN 3.6mln.) was privatized and share permission was given to the proprietors. 98-100% of the production of the district, retail commodity circulation, paying services falls to the non-governmental sector's share.

Poultry
Development of poultry in the district was considered in the State Program "Social-economic development of the regions of Azerbaijan Republic" (2004–2008 years). Inhabitants are busy with poultry in all zones. Three private incubation workshops seasonally operate in the district. The industrial method of poultry is under control. "Shaban-Poultry" LLC has operated in Musabeyli village since 2005. Birds for slaughter are breed in the establishment. Ten thousand birds were breed in the first quarter of the current year and seven thousand of them were sold.

Cattle-breeding
Cattle-breeding dynamically develops in the district. Cattles are bred for dairy and slaughter. Two physical persons are busy cattle-breeding (including, one is busy with buffalo-breeding), one juridical person and three physical persons are busy with sheep-breeding. Domestic agriculture form and other forms of cattle-breeding rapidly develop in the district. There were 39235 cattle, 149679 sheep and goats in the district, on July 1, 2008. Cattle production also increased. 3939 ton (live) meat, 23302-ton milk and 274-ton wool were produced.

Plant-growing
Wheat, barley, alfalfa, maize, sunflower, watermelon and vegetable, sugar-beet, potato, cotton, grape, pomegranate and other plants are cultivated in the district. In 2007, 80018-ton grain (in 27520-hectare area), 1032.1-ton cotton, 311.4-ton potato, 1818.6-ton vegetable, 3932.2-ton water-melon, 5053-ton fruit were cultivated in the district by private farmers and proprietors of individual plots. 81.6 thousand ton of grain was produced in the district till July 15, 2008. It's 1600 ton more than last year. Productivity indicator reached 29.3 quintals.

title: Agsu District


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Template talk:BSD

Note that "all rights reserved" is a mandatory part of a valid copyright notice in several countries. It does not limit use any more than c in a circle. All copyright notices which don't want the work to be PD in those countries should include it. Jamesday 05:27, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

4-clause BSD vs. 3-clause BSD
The current wording of the template has the advertising clause, i.e. is 4-clause BSD. Shouldn't this be changed to 3-clause and an 4-clause-BSD template be created?--Oneiros (talk) 23:19, 7 June 2008 (UTC)

title: Template talk:BSD


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Talk:People's Commissariat for State Security

Old talk
{...Org - was the name of the Soviet secret police force from 1945 to 1946...}

'''The People's Commissariat for State Security, (NKGB) was created in February 1941 thru july 1941. and again from April 1943 march 1946'''


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User talk:Clepine

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 05:29, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Clepine


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Svyatogor

Svyatogor (Святого́р) is a mythical bogatyr (knight/hero) in byliny. His name derives from the words for "sacred mountain". Svyatogor's tale, Ilya Muromets and Svyatogor, forms a part of the Ilya Muromets cycle. According to the epic, the mother-Earth cannot support the weight of Svyatogor, but he can not overcome the "pull of the earth" contained in the bag; when he tries to lift the bag, his feet sink into the ground. Svyatogor's father is "dark", he is blind - a sign of coming from another world.

After becoming a bogatyr of knyaz Vladimir the Bright Sun (Владимир Красное Солнышко, Vladimir Krasnoye Solnyshko), Ilya (another bogatyr) rides off to challenge Svyatogor, despite being forewarned not to do so by pilgrims who had miraculously healed him. On the road, Ilya Muromets sees a giant asleep on a giant horse. Ilya strikes him three times with his mace, with the only result that the giant, still asleep, grabs Ilya and puts him into his pocket. Eventually, the giant awakes, Ilya introduces himself and learns that the giant is Svyatogor; they become friends and journey together. They arrive at a giant stone coffin and both have a premonition that it is for Svyatogor. Ilya manages to lie down in the coffin first, but it appears too large for him, but it fits Svyatogor perfectly. When Svyatogor closes the lid, it seals the coffin. Before the coffin seals completely, Svyatogor passes part of his strength to Ilya through his breath.

Belarusian Rodnovers worship Svyatogor as a god.

In popular culture

 * Vasily Slesarev's aircraft, the Slesarev Svyatogor, was named after the mythical bogatyr.
 * Svyatogor was the first name of the icebreaker Krasin.
 * Svyatogor appears in the 1956 live action Soviet film Ilya Muromets.
 * Svyatogor appears in the animated film Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin Zmey (2004) of Three Bogatyrs trilogy, voiced by Ivan Krasko.
 * A Czech stop motion animation version of this was made and became part of WGBH Boston's anthology series, Long Ago and Far Away.
 * In the first-person shooter game Overwatch, several mechanical warriors (Mechs) called Svyatogor appear in the background of the Volskaya Industries map, used by the Russian Army for defense.

title: Svyatogor


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Paete

Paete, officially the Municipality of Paete, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,945 people.

The town is located at the north-eastern part of Laguna. From Manila, Paete can be reaches passing through Rizal Province via Manila East Road or Via South Luzon Expressway. Along the shores of picturesque Laguna de Bay. It was founded in 1580 by Spanish friars Juan de Plasencia and Diego de Oropesa of the Franciscan Order. It is believed that the earliest inhabitants were of Malay lineage, coming all the way from Borneo in their swift and sturdy boats called "Balangay". Paete is 15 km from Santa Cruz, 102 km from Manila, and 63 km from Lucena.

Etymology
The name of Paete is derived from the Tagalog word paet, which means chisel. The proper pronunciation of the town's name is Pī-té, long i, short guttural ê, sound at the end. The town was referred to as "Piety" by the American Maryknoll Missioners when they came to the town in the late 1950s.

Pre-Spanish Era
Before the Spaniards came, Paete was said to be a village under Gat Lakampawid, a native ruler from the ancient village of Lihan, a relative to Gatmaitim, Gat Silayan, Gat Pakil, the rulers of old town of Pakil. These native rulers from Old Lihan (now Malolos, Bulacan) was scattered along the suburbs of Kingdom of Tondo in the south and settled there. The Spanish friars had a tradition of naming towns they built in honor of saints. Paete was an exception. Legend has it that there was once a young Franciscan priest who was tasked by his superior to visit their newly founded settlements alongside Laguna de Bay. The priest knew little about the terrain so he asked a native the name of the place. The latter misinterpreted the young friar, thinking that the former wanted to know the name of the tool he was using. He answered, Paét (chisel), thus, the name Paete.

Sargento Mayor Juan de Salcedo was the first Spaniard to set foot in Paete. He was on his way to explore the gold-rich region of Paracale in Bicol. His men first encountered some resistance from the settlers of what is now Cainta in Rizal Province, but as expected, easily defeated the lightly armed natives. Then he ventured to the lakeside barangays of Laguna de Bay on his way to Bicol.

Spanish Colonial Era
Around 1580, Paete was established as a pueblo by the Friars. Juan de Plasencia and Diego Oropesa. Due to a death of the prior of Paete at that time, Paete was annexed to the Convent of Lumban. Then in 1600, Paete became a barrio of Pangil. In 1602, Paete became independent town having its own convent and was christened Pueblo de San Lorenzo in honor of the town's first patron saint. The pueblo consisted not only of Paete, but included the neighboring towns of Pakil, San Antonio, Longos and Kalayaan. In 1671, Fray Francisco Soller reenacted the Via Crucis to resuscitate the people's waning faith. He carried a cross from the town proper up to Mt. Ping-as in Pakil. In 1676, when Pakil became a separate pueblo, the townspeople of Paete wanted crosses of their own, so they built and located them in sitio Santa Ana, and named the site Tatlong Krus (Three Crosses). Paete regained its full township status only in 1850.

American Colonial Era
In 1899, American forces launched the Laguna campaign to subjugate the whole province and squelch insurrection. On the last leg of the campaign on April 12, an American battalion of 200 men invaded Paete but met strong resistance from an inexperienced force of less than 50 men. The town was subdued but it proved to be a costly battle for the Americans.

World War II and Japanese Occupation
In 1942, Japanese troops occupied Paete, local recognized guerrillas and ongoing troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army units were sieges and conflicts in Paete was fought against the Imperial Japanese military and local collaborators from 1942 to 1944 until retreat by local guerrillas from the Japanese hands. In 1945, combined Filipino and American soldiers, as well as recognized guerrillas liberated Paete and defeat by the Japanese and ended in World War II.

Barangays
Paete is politically subdivided into 9 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
 * Barangay 1 - Ibaba del Sur
 * Barangay 2 - Maytoong
 * Barangay 3 - Ermita
 * Barangay 4 - Quinale
 * Barangay 5 - Ilaya del Sur
 * Barangay 6 - Ilaya del Norte
 * Barangay 7 - Bagumbayan
 * Barangay 8 - Bangkusay
 * Barangay 9 - Ibaba del Norte

Demographics
In the 2020 census, the population of Paete was 24,945 people, with a density of undefined PD/km2.

Religion

The only Catholic Church in the town is the Saint James the Apostle Parish Church which was first built in 1646.

Paete is also a pilgrimage site. One of the primary products of the town's woodcarving industry are carving of pu-on or images of saints. The town's patron saint is St. James the Apostle, also known as St. James the Great. Residents celebrate his feastday every 25 July. The 1st Patron Saint of Paete is St. Lawrence, the deacon.

St. Anthony the Abbot is a secondary patron of the town and his feast is celebrated by the townsfolk every January 17. The patron has a stone chapel locally known as Ermita as a shrine dedicated to him. There is a town legend related to the saint where a town native sneaked in the chapel during a conflagration and took a statue the St. Anthony to bathe it in the river. Following this, it began to rain and the fire was extinguished, an event considered as a miracle by the townsfolk.

Economy
The town has had a long reputation for its craftsmen highly skilled in wood carving and its embellishment. In 1887, José Rizal described Paete as a town where "carpenter shops" were issuing images "even those more rudely carved" (chapter VI, Noli Me Tangere). Even now, its inhabitants (called Paeteños or Paetenians) continue with their centuries-old tradition in carving and painting. Its statues, pulpits, murals and bas relief are found in churches, palaces and museums all over the world, including the St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York, the Mission Dolorosa in San Francisco, the San Cayetano Church in Mexico, the St. Joseph's shrine in Santa Cruz, California, various churches in the Philippines and the Ayala Museum in Makati, Philippines. The official town hero is not a statesman nor a soldier but a woodcarver, the master artisan Mariano Madriñan, whose obra maestra, the lifelike Mater Dolorosa, was honored by the King of Spain with a prestigious award in Amsterdam in 1882. The town was proclaimed "the Carving Capital of the Philippines" on March 15, 2005, by Philippine President Arroyo. It is also believed that the modern yo-yo, which originated in the Philippines, was invented in Paete.

Many descendants of these artisans have found a niche in the culinary world. Ice sculptures and fruit and vegetable carvings done by Paeteños abound on buffet tables of cruise ships and world-class hotels and restaurants. Today the town thrives mainly on the sale and export of woodcarvings and taka (papier maché), tourism, poultry industry, farming and fishing.

title: Paete


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Topvar

Topvar Breweries (Pivovary Topvar, a. s.) is a beer brewing company in Slovakia. The company was created by the merger of the Šariš and Topvar breweries on 1 January 2007, after both were purchased by global brewing giant SABMiller in 2006. Subsequently, as part of the agreements made with regulators before Anheuser-Busch InBev was allowed to acquire SABMiller in October 2016, Topvar was sold to Asahi Breweries of Japan on December 13, 2016; the deal is expected to close during the first half of 2017.

The original Topvar Brewery was founded in 1957 and the first Topvar beer was brewed in Topoľčany in 1964. In 2007, the beer brewing operation was relocated to Veľký Šariš.

Products

 * 10% Light
 * 11% Dark
 * 11% keg-beer
 * 12% Light

title: Topvar


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Astara District

Astara District (Astara rayonu, ) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the southeast of the country, in the Lankaran-Astara Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Lankaran and Lerik, as well as the Ardabil and Gilan provinces of Iran. Its capital and largest city is Astara. As of 2020, the district had a population of 110,000.

Ancient history
A famous mathematician, astronomer and geographer Alexandria Claudius Ptolomey (AD 100 – c. 170) was one of the oldest researchers who also visited the territory of Azerbaijan. He compiled a map of the Caspian Sea in the second century, has given a clear overview on the geographical names, objects and settlements located on its shores. The names of many cities and villages belonging to Albania, as well as the name “Astara” (Greek: Astarata) are found on this map.

Another scholar of the ancient world, Strabon also pointed out the name “Astara” in his "Historical Sketches" (Historicahypomnemata). British traveler and explorer Anthony Jenkinson (1529 – 1610/1611) visited the coasts of the Caspian Sea in 1559 to establish trade relations between England and Bukhara. In 1562 he returned to London and published a book "Russia and Persia". He pointed out the names of the villages, settlements and residential areas located on the coasts of the Caspian in his book. The name Astara was mentioned as Stara in Greek in the book.

Astara, which was located on historic Silk Road, established extensive trade relations with Middle East, Central Asia and Asia Minor, China, India and the Arab world. There was Caravanserai with very ancient history in the village of Kapchimahalla located in the southwestern part of Astara. The results of the researches of the remains of this caravanserai showed that the caravanserai belongs to the 7th century.

German traveler Hans Schillerberger (1394-1427), who traveled to different Eastern countries as well asto Azerbaijan, gave information onAstara's international trade relations in his notes. The traveler noted that Astara is one of the centers of production of silk in Azerbaijan. The best type of silk produced in Astarawas exported to Damascus, Bursa, Kashan and Venice.

In the Middle Ages Astara was one of the religious, cultural and commercial centers in Azerbaijan. Especially pottery cultivation was the leading industry in the city. Later 13th century and earlier 14th century monetary was existed in the village of Mashkhan in Astara. Russian scientist A.M.Markov deeply investigated the coins produced in Derbent, Shamakhi and Tabriz, as well as in Astara. He gave detailed information about monetary in Astara. The scientist proves that the cities, which names written on the coins are present-day Azerbaijani cities. The Hulakis, Jalaris, Teymuris, their successors that ruled in different periods, minted coins in the Astara monetary. Coins of Amir Teymur's period and next period with legend "Zarbe Astara" are the coins, minted in Astara. This was proved in the works of European scientists. 16 pattern of these coins preserved in the Historical Institute, the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences at present.

As of 1747 Astara was the capital of Talish district. Then the capital was moved from Astara to Lankaran. During moving many ancient construction and architecture objects, fortifications were destroyed. German traveler Adam Oleary (1599-1671), who was also a scientist, visited Astara in 1638 and gave certain interesting information about its territory, residents and culture. The traveler pointed out in his notes that Astara was located on the shore of the Caspian Sea. There were very large grapevines. Strabon also wrote this fact in his book. According to Strabon, one small grapevine yielded a basket of harvest in the places, named Hikaniya at that time. A big chapter of the book "Turkic countries" written by Hungarian traveler Armin Vanberin (1832-1913) was about Azerbaijan. The traveler mentioned in his book that he was in Astara and observed the local population who had beautiful folk patterns.

Famous French scientist, archeologist and traveler Jak De Morgan (1856-1934) also visited Astara. He said that he was astonished at over ground and underground recourses: "Astara is an ancient Russian town. It plays role of custom-house between Iran and Azerbaijan, as well as keeps its former peculiarity. Now it is just custom-house. Astara is exit of caravanserais and ships from Azerbaijan to Iran (Ardabil)". Famous French writer Alexander Duma gave interesting information about Astara as well.

Modern history
Astara District was established in 1930. In 1963, it was abolished as a district and its territory incorporated into Lankaran District and in 1965, its administrative district status was restored. Overall area of the district is 616.4 km2. Its population is 95,300 people. The district's capital, Astara is a small picturesque Caspian port town, on the Azerbaijan-Iran border, capital of Azerbaijan's southernmost district. Coming southbound from Lankaran, there is a giant samovar by the road welcoming visitors to the district.

Astara district is very wooded with 37000 ha of forests. Famous Juglans sigillata is a commonplace in Astara woods. Astarachay and Tangarud rivers that flow through the district start at Talysh Mountains which are in the western part of the district. Highest peaks are 200 m above sea level. The northeastern part of the district is lowlands. A part of the Hirkan National Park is located in Astara district. Istisu, Ağ körppü, Sım, Bi, Toradi, Şeyx Nəsrullah resorts of Astara have treating mineral water. Average temperature is -1.5◦ C - 4◦C in January, 15-25◦C in July. Annual rainfall is 1200–1750 mm.

Geography
Astara shares boundaries with Iran (Gilan Province) in the south, Lankaran and Lerik districts in the north, the Talysh Mountains in the west and the Caspian Sea in the east. The height of some peaks in the mountainous parts in Astara is 2000 m. Through the narrow lane on the Caspian coast anthropogenic sediments are spread, in the mountainous and foothills, the Paleogene sediments are spread. Two rivers- Tangar River and Astara River flows through the region. The forests cover about the area of 37,400 ha in Astara. The flora of Astara include chestnut oak, irontree, silk acacia, azat, as well as oak, hawthorn, peanut, walnut, golden gum, lime and so on. A part of the Hirkan National Park is located in Astara. The annual rainfall here is over 1600 mm.

"Yanar Bulag" complex, one of the geological objects in Astara, is located in the south of the village of Archivan, near the Alat-Astara highway. The spring water is rich with sulfur and methane gas. The spring is of great interest to both locals and tourists. “Istisu” (hot water), a herbal spring in Astara is known all over Azerbaijan.

Nature
Astara is located in lowland and mountain zone. The region is surrounded by the rich Talish mountain range in the west. The district is famous for its dishes made of rare fish species from the Caspian Sea. The king of rare trees in the forests of Astara is iron tree. This tree has a strategic importance, besides giving beauty to these forests. Lime, orange, kiwi, kinkan, feijoa and other citrus fruits, especially rice are grown in Astara. In the lower parts of the woods there are evergreen branches, as well as elder ones. The Caucasian Cherry creates special jungles on slightly wet slopes. Caspian Shelter dominates in the area. On the slopes of the forests, the Lankaran stream, lime and many other trees create specially mixed woods. At a slight height above the sea surface, another type of maple forms the thick woods with peanut. On the lower floors of this type of forest, blackberries, chumshads, and a small amount of granite create a special floor.

Most of the Hirkan National Park is located in the Astara region. The fauna of Astara include leopard, lynx, bear, forest cat, hedgehog, squirrel, badger, jackal, fox, wild boar,  pheasants, wolves, goose, ducks, pigeons, thyme and so on.

Rivers
Astarachay River flows through the border between Azerbaijan and Iran. It flows into the Caspian Sea. The length of the river is 38 km, the basin area is 242 square km. It takes its source from the Shingan fortress (1817 m high) in the Talysh Range. About 70% of annual flows is rain water, 22% is underground waters, and 8% is snow waters. Strong floods are observed in the spring months. The river is used in irrigation. The city's name is derived from the name of Astarachay.

Astara is now famous for its environmentally friendly and high-quality rivers. In 2002 and subsequent years, Astara River was awarded the highest award and won a gold medal at the International Exhibitions held in Madrid, capital of Spain, an award in Moscow.

Etymology
There are two main theories for the etymology of the city's name. One is that it derived from the Persian or Talysh word آهسته رو (Aste-ro or Aheste-ro), meaning "the place where the travel gets slower" (given the marshlands that surrounded the region before).

Architectural monuments
102 of the district's monuments were included in the "Distribution of Real Property and Cultural Monuments to State Protection in the Territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan" in 2001 and issued an official inventory number. According to the decree, 26 monuments are of national significance, 48 architectural monuments of local significance, 2 are monumental memorial monuments, 21 are archaeological monuments of local importance, 5 decorative. The most ancient of these monuments is the "Stone Box Necropolis" in the village of Ezettd, from the early first millennium BCE, "Miki dolmen necropolis" in Miki village. Architectural monuments include a 12th-century tomb in Shahagaj village and Sheikh Mohammed Zalani's tomb in Burzubend village.

There are more than 8,000 exhibits in the Astara Regional History and Ethnography Museum. Iron and Bronze Age include copper coins, mostly from the 9th to 12th centuries.

There are over 400 historical and architectural monuments in the district, among them a tower in Şindan village often called Babek tower, an ancient tower in Nudis village, Məşədi Abutalıb bath house, Hajı Teymur and Haji Jahanbakhish mosques in Pensər village, tomb in Şahağac village, Karbalayi Hamid Abdulla bath house in Ərçivan village. Ərçivan village has sulphur-rich springs which burn if ignited. There are stone monuments of the Stone and Bronze Ages in Qapıçıməhəllə village. Ruins of 8th-century bridges in Sipiyəpart, Seləkəran, Lomin və Pəlikəş villages are a major tourist attraction.

Population
According to the State Statistics Committee, as of 2018, the population of city recorded 107,600 persons, which increased by 22,300 persons (about 26 percent) from 85,300 persons in 2000. 54,100 of total population are men, 53,500 are women. More than 26 percent of the population (about 28,100 persons) consists of young people and teenagers aged 14–29. 99% of the district population consists of Talysh.

Economy
Astara is a major source for Azerbaijan's fishing industry. Having a long coastline and inner access to rivers, the district has access to many types of marketable fish. The pipeline coming from Abadan enters Azerbaijan in Astara.

Transport
The district has a border crossing into Iran, with the Iranian half of the town, also called Astara, on the other side of the river Astara. The Baku to Tehran bus stops in Astara.

title: Astara District


text: User talk:24.8.35.28

title: User talk:24.8.35.28


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Arthur Hardy (actor)

Arthur Hardy (15 April 1870 – 1951) was a London born British actor, whose appearances include Atlantic (1929) and Dreyfus (1931).

Filmography

 * Atlantic (1929) - Maj Boldy
 * Raise the Roof (1930) - Croxley Bellairs
 * Dreyfus (1931) - Gen. Mercier
 * Creeping Shadows (1931) - Sir Edwin Paget
 * The Great Gay Road (1931) - Sir Crispin
 * Creeping Shadows (1931)
 * Other People's Sins (1931)
 * Abdul the Damned (1935) - Ambassador
 * The Amazing Quest of Ernest Bliss (1936) - Crawley
 * The Vulture (1937) - Li Fu

title: Arthur Hardy (actor)


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Wikipedia:School and university projects/Open Source Culture/first monday

First Monday is a peer reviewed jounal published online solely about the internet. The journal has a great roster of articles that tend to anticipate trends before they hit mainstram academia and journalism. The fact that the journal is free and online enables users from all of the world to access it and the breadth of articles reflects that openness.


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Maresfield

Maresfield is a village and civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. The village itself lies 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north from Uckfield; the nearby villages of Nutley and Fairwarp; and the smaller settlements of Duddleswell and Horney Common; and parts of Ashdown Forest all lie within Maresfield parish.

History
The origin of name of the village is uncertain, but the first element may derive from the Old English word mere meaning 'pool'; the second element is certainly feld meaning 'open land' (A. Mawer, The place-names of Sussex volume 2, page 349). Iron has also played an important role in the history of the area, during the time when the Wealden iron industry was flourishing. Within 2 miles (3 km) of Maresfield Church in the 16th century were five iron furnaces: Oldlands, Hendall, Old Forge, Lower Marshalls and Maresfield (powder mills). The Levett family owned and worked Oldlands, and it probably controlled Hendall as well, before it passed into the hands of Ralph Hogge, who formerly worked for the Levett family.

Among families long resident in the Maresfield area with historic ties to the old iron industry were the families of Levett, Pope and Chaloner, who had intermarried. William Levett of Buxted, a vicar who was a prime mover behind the iron industry in the Weald, had ties to the Maresfield area during his tenure as an ironmaster and supplier of armaments to Henry VIII. Eventually the vicar's former servant Ralph Hogge, who had become a major ironmaster after Levett's death, operated four furnaces and one or more forges within a couple of miles of Maresfield Church.

The village has expanded in the past twenty years, and three substantial housing developments have helped to increase the village population.

Maresfield is an old village (its church was founded in approx 1100; the present nave and tower were built between 1375 and 1415). Fairwarp and Nutley developed as offshoots from it.https://sussexparishchurches.org/church/maresfield-st-bartholomew/

There was a Roman settlement, including a bloomery, and later a Norman village grew up around the church. In the 15th and 16th centuries

Manor
Until 1926, it was a largely agricultural village, up to 1914 effectively in the ownership and control of the family in Maresfield Park House, initially the Shelley family and then Count Alexander Münster of Hanover, Germany. The estate was confiscated in 1914 by the government after the start of World War I and the Park and estate houses were sold off in 1924 as reparation for war damage, the Park being broken up into housing plots. In the First World War, a large army camp was developed, and later on parts of the village, at Queen's Drive and the southern part of Parklands, were developed as married quarters for soldiers.

During the Second World War another large army camp was established to the west of the village, the land on which it was built now redeveloped for housing and the Ashdown Business Park

Development
There has been considerable recent development. Since approx 1990, substantial developments at the Cabin Café (now Mulberry Park), Park Farm (now The Paddock, Field End and Maple Close) and at Forest Park have increased the population of the village by about 1/3rd. New development of 80 dwellings is planned for Park Farm, which will further enlarge the village by about 1/6th.

Governance
There are 14 members on the Maresfield Parish Council, which has its offices in Nutley.

Geography
Maresfield is on the southern edge of Ashdown Forest which was a deer hunting reserve from the time of King Edward II of England.

The Site of Special Scientific Interest Rock Wood falls within the parish. This woodland is of biological interest, with uncommon mosses and ferns growing alongside the stream which flows through the site.

Nutley
Nutley is a village on the main road (A22) north of Maresfield. It has its own church, dedicated to St James the Less, although the benefice is combined with Maresfield.

Fairwarp
Fairwarp is a small village directly north of Maresfield. The church is Christ Church.

Transport
The parish lies at the junction of two main roads: the A22 Eastbourne road; and the A272 cross-country road, the main road being on a bypass to the west of the village.

There are two local bus services 31, 256 that provide a local connection to surrounding areas.

Sport and leisure
Maresfield has a local tennis club, cricket club, football club and a gymnastics club all located in less than one mile radius of the Chequers Inn. As of 2024, the bowls club has closed, and the cricket club only has two friendly matches arranged. Maresfield is also home to Underhill Fishing Lake, managed by the Crowborough and District Anglers Association.

Education
Maresfield has its own primary school in Bonners CE Primary School, although some children travel to Manor Primary School in Uckfield. Secondary school children travel into Uckfield College or Chailey School.

Conservation
The Constitution of Maresfield Conservation Group, which is a Registered Charity, has as its aims the promotion of the conservation, protection and improvement of the physical and natural environment in Maresfield and the surrounding area. Presently the Group is involved in a very wide range of projects.

Amenities
At the centre of the village is the Grade II* listed 17th century Chequers Inn and Maresfield church founded in approx 1100.

There is also the Maresfield recreation ground, which is home to the 'Maresfield Cricket Club', which was established in 1756.

The recreation ground was donated to Maresfield Parish Council by Hervey Charles Pechell in 1897 in commemoration of Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, and a commemorative oak was planted by the Empress Frederick, Victoria's eldest daughter.

The recreation ground wasn't legally transferred until 1899 when Alexander Münster had inherited all of the Maresfield Estate from his friend Pechell, though the plaque on the lamp at the entrance to the ground records the gift from the Pechells.

Freedom of the Parish
The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Parish of Maresfield.

Military Units

 * 5 (Maresfield) Squadron 11 (Royal School of Signals) Signal Regiment: 27 June 2021.

title: Maresfield


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Nottoway Correctional Center

Nottoway Correctional Center is an all-male state prison in Burkeville, Nottoway County, Virginia, USA. A low-security work center is on the same site.

Nottoway, as a Level 3 security facility, has inmates serving long term sentences, including single, multiple, and life sentences. Inmates must exhibit no disruptive behavior for at least 24 months in order to be considered for transfer to a less-secure facility.

title: Nottoway Correctional Center


text:
Maeda Toshimasu

Maeda Toshimasu (前田 利益), better known as Maeda Keiji (前田 慶次) or Keijirō (慶次郎), was a Japanese samurai lord of the Sengoku period through early Edo period. He was the nephew of Maeda Toshiie and Maeda Matsu. In legends and fictions, he is one of the most celebrated kabukimono (samurai gangster) of the time period who is known for his monstrous height and his peerless strength. Toshimasu's horse and companion, Matsukaze, was one of the most famous warhorses in Japan.

Biography
In 1543, Toshimasu was born in the village of Arako (present-day Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya), Toshimasu was born to the Takigawa Clan, originally the son of Takigawa Kazumasu. He was adopted by Maeda Toshihisa, the older brother of Maeda Toshiie. Toshimasu served under Oda Nobunaga along with his uncle. Toshimasu was originally intended to inherit Maeda family headship; however, after Oda Nobunaga replaced Toshihisa with Toshiie as Maeda family head, he lost this position. Perhaps because of this loss of inheritance, Toshimasu is well known for quarreling with his uncle.

Keiji's armor can still be seen today at the Miyasaka Museum.

In 1581, Toshimasu was under the command of his uncle, and made a reputation for himself through conflicts within Noto Province and was rewarded with 5,000 koku.

In 1584, during the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, Toshimasu came with Maeda Toshiie's to rescue Suemori Castle when was attacked by Sassa Narimasa.

When Maeda Toshihisa died in 1587, Toshimasu sent his son into the Maeda family's service. Keiji was barred from Toyotomi's Kyushu Campaign for his wild ways.

In 1590, he continued to help his uncle in the Odawara campaign. After Odawara campaign, Toshimasu returned to the capital and devoted himself to arts and literature. Either after Toshihisa's death or in 1590, relations between him and Toshiie grew sour. He fled from the Maeda family without taking his wife or child. After his escape, he resided in Kyoto. While in Kyoto, Toshimasu met and befriended Naoe Kanetsugu from Uesugi clan. The two became close friends, and Toshimasu agreed to join Kanetsugu at Sekigahara Campaign, in the Uesugi clan's invasion of Aizu.

Later in 1600, at Siege of Hasedō against Mogami clan and Date clan. He was center garrison of Uesugi forces, after Uesugi failed, Toshimasu was appointed to lead the rear guard during the retreat. Riding his horse "Matsukaze" into battle and brandishing a two-pronged spear, he made a splendid show of force. Due in part to Toshimasu's actions, the Uesugi forces were able to retreat largely intact. Legend says he broke through the enemy lines with only eight riders, and shattered their formation. After the Uesugi clan's move to the Yonezawa Domain, Toshimasu remained as a retainer and spent half retired life at Mukuan (Toshimasu`s fortified residence).

Matsukaze
Matsukaze ("wind in the pines") was Toshimasu's famous mount. According to the legend, he was bred of only the finest horses, but he refused to let anyone ride him and eventually ran away. Toshimasu managed to tame the wild horse, possibly due to Toshimasu's own wild personality. Since then, the two were never seen apart.

Matsukaze was said to be a horse of immense strength, able to carry his master's large frame for days. Supposedly, Matsukaze ran away after his master's death, never seen again.

Depictions in fiction
Toshimasu is a playable character from the Western Army in the original Kessen and in Samurai Warriors and Warriors Orochi under the name Keiji.

He is also playable in the Sengoku Basara series, as Maeda Keiji.

He is a playable character in Pokémon Conquest (Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition in Japan), with his partner Pokémon being Bastiodon and Terrakion.

In 2015, Tatsuya Fuji played the role of Toshimasu in the jidaigeki drama Kabukimono Keiji.

title: Maeda Toshimasu


text:
User talk:Phillycheesesteak26

Hello there!

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Phillycheesesteak26


text:
Talk:JFK (disambiguation)

JFK / Kerry?
Now come on. Does anyone who searches for JFK really want to find John Kerry? Let alone Jack Kemp?
 * Probably not, but they are notable politicians, just like the JFK was. --Feitclub 05:06, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes. People picked up on the JFK thing pretty early for Kerry, don't know anything about Kemp. Savidan 23:10, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
 * No. If you can find a reference to Kerry being called JFK, please include it, but note that pipelinks should still be avoided (so the link will say John Kerry, not John Forbes Kerry), and the ordering should still be by likelihood (so Kerry shouldn't appear ahead of the Stone film). -- JHunterJ 19:50, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * One other point: the John Kerry article itself does not mention his being known as JFK, so that datum (if supportable) should be added to that article first. -- JHunterJ 20:25, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I agree — this is stupid. Marcus Taylor 22:29, 26 May 2007 (UTC)

Initials vs Publicly identified as
To follow up the above discussion more generally -- just having the initials "JFK" does not mean the person should be listed on the page. To be listed on this page would require that the person be commonly identified by their initials (at least within their field). BOTTOM LINE: Just having the initials does not mean a name should be listed on a disambiguation page. JFK belongs on this page -- but not a random assortment of people with the initials JFK. Proofreader77 Proofreader77 (talk) 06:11, 22 January 2009 (UTC)
 * John F. Kerry (no) -- No writer would refer to him as JFK because everyone would be confused.
 * Jackie French Koller -- Is the writer commonly identified as JFK? No. Doesn't go here.
 * Jesse F. Keeler, Canadian musician -- Quick research indicates that he may sometimes be credited on albums as JFK. More research needed, but if he is commonly credited as JFK within his industry, then he probably goes on the page.
 * FOLLOW-UP: His most recent release (verify status) credits himself as JFK. That may be a change. Research.
 * FOLLOW-UP: JFK is his moniker within the group MSTRKRFT, a commonly used track-mixing signature, and appears in Trade reviews. NOTE: He claims the "F" stands for "F*cking" (also see Joe Kinnear below).
 * SO: JFK appears to be an artist's known moniker. (OK)
 * Joe Kinnear the sports club manager -- Is he commonly referred to as JFK in the media? I doubt it, but will research it.
 * FOLLOW-UP: Not his initials. On the fan site NUFC.com, he is referred to as Joe F*cking Kinnear -- an interesting case.
 * FOLLOW-UP: Here a Guardian blog-journalist uses "JFK" but immediately follows it with "get it" ("JFK -- get it--") discussing the public swearing event that inspired this nickname. Yes, interesting case -- a journalist can't write the word, but notifies you to figure out what it means in the context of swearing. lol Pondering. :)
 * FOLLOW-UP: "JFK on Tyneside" (A quote from another Guardian sports blog article)
 * FOLLOW-UP: The day he got into name-calling the press, he used the F-word 52 times ... hence "the nickname".
 * SO: He used a lot of bad words in public one day against the press, and thereby "earned" the nickname, which the (classier) press can't print, so you get some use of JFK in the press. (Still a somewhat problematic instance, but there it is.)

Follow-up: Monikers and nicknames

 * 1) Note that in the cases of the artist's moniker JFK for Jesse F. Keeler and the JFK nickname for Joe Kinnear the F. stands for "F*ucking."
 * 2) Note that these two are not simply initials (which, alone, do not justify an entry on this page). The musician uses JFK in branding aspects of their work, and the coach has "earned" the "F" (for the F-word), yielding the printable JFK nickname in public argument with the press.
 * 3) Why does this matter? It has to do with the broader issue of uses of disambiguation pages like this -- and preventing them from becoming random selections of (some) people with those initials. This also has to do with entries caused by desire for another mention in Wikipedia (promotion), and formalizing why not. Proofreader77 (talk) 06:42, 22 January 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:JFK (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:Biohazard~enwiki

Welcome!

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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Biohazard. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Biohazard~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 22:38, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
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title: User talk:Biohazard~enwiki


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User talk:Rose~enwiki

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Request for usurpation
Hello, Rose. A request has been made at Changing username/Usurpations to usurp, or "take over", your username because another user would like to use it to edit. The changing username guideline allows a username that is not being actively used to be usurped if the user is given an opportunity to object and does not do so.

If you have an email set in your preferences, you should be getting an email from a bureaucrat or changing username clerk explaining how to consent or object to this process.

If you do not object to being renamed to a new username in order for another user to use the name you currently have, please log in and post a reply here saying so (you may also tell us what username you would like to be renamed to, or we will provide you with a generic one).

If you do nothing : the request may be filled shortly, and your account will be moved to a generic username. You may request that it be moved to a new username of your choice at any time.

If you object to being renamed : please log in and make an edit to this page clearly stating that you object to usurpation. Any objection on your part will prevent usurpation.

Please note that even if your current username is usurped, you can still edit and your data will not be lost; your preferences, watchlist, and other user settings will be transferred to a new username.

Thank you for your time. Claritas § 14:43, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Rose. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Rose~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:45, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
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title: User talk:Rose~enwiki