text:
EPC 2000

The EPC 2000 or European Patent Convention 2000 is the version of the European Patent Convention (EPC) as revised by the Act Revising the Convention on the Grant of European Patents signed in Munich on November 29, 2000. On June 28, 2001, the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation adopted the final new text of the EPC 2000. The EPC 2000 entered into force on December 13, 2007.

The EPC 2000 does not introduce any major changes in substantive patent law, except changes concerning novelty, industrial applicability and priority rights. The EPC 2000 is however a comprehensive revision introducing "a considerable number of smaller amendments".

Background
A diplomatic conference was held from 20 November to 29 November 2000 in Munich to revise the Convention on the Grant of European Patents of 5 October 1973, amongst other things to integrate in the EPC new developments in international law, especially those of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs Agreement) and of the Patent Law Treaty, and to add a level of judicial review of the Boards of Appeal decisions.

Entry into force
Greece deposited its instrument of ratification on December 13, 2005, and was the fifteenth Contracting State to ratify or accede to the EPC 2000. In addition, since not all the contracting states had deposited their instruments of ratification or accession by September 30, 2007, the EPC 2000 will enter into force on December 13, 2007.

A Contracting State that would not have ratified or acceded to the EPC 2000 at the time of its entry into force, i.e. on December 13, 2007, would have ceased to be party to the EPC as from that time. All Contracting States ratified in due time.

Prior art effect and double patenting
Under the EPC 1973, in order to preclude double patenting, the prior art effect of a first European patent application (a so-called "conflicting patent application") filed before the filing date of a second European patent application, but published after said filing date, on the second application is limited to the designated states in common.

In the EPC 2000, this provision, i.e. Article 54(4) EPC, has been deleted. This means in the EPC 2000 that "any European application falling under Article 54(3) EPC constitutes prior art with effect for all the EPC contracting states at the time of its publication." has been deleted following the deletion of Article 54(4).

The deleted Article 54(4) EPC remains applicable to the European patents granted before December 13, 2007 and the European patent applications pending on December 13, 2007. In other words, Art. 54(4) EPC 1973 is still transitionally applicable.

This amendment along with the absence of a transitional provision for Rule 23a (providing that Rule 23a EPC 1973 would continue to apply for pending applications or granted patents at the date of entry into force of the EPC 2000) has raised concerns that, "if the provisions of the EPC 2000 are interpreted strictly", patent rights existing at the date of entry into force of the EPC 2000 may become invalid after the entry into force of the EPC 2000, on December 13, 2007. In September 2007, the European Patent Office published a notice indicating that "the provisions currently laid down in Article 54(3) and (4) in conjunction with Rule 23a EPC 1973 will continue to apply to European patent applications filed and patents granted before the entry into force of the EPC 2000".

Requirements for obtaining a date of filing
The requirements to obtain a date of filing (for a European patent application), laid out in Article 80, have been amended. A reference is now made to the Implementing Regulations, which are now in line with "the worldwide standard laid out in Article 5 of the Patent Law Treaty 2000 (PLT)". In particular, Rule 40 EPC 2000 is relevant. There is no requirement anymore to file claims to obtain a date of filing. In addition the description may be filed in any language. Among the requirements, a reference to a previously filed application may also be used to obtain a date of filing. Furthermore, filing by reference to a previously filed application may incorporate the claims of the previously filed application.

From December 13, 2007 to December 19, 2008, "54 applications [have] been received with a later date of receipt of claims than the original application date. Sixty-one invitations to file claims have been prepared for other applications missing the date of receipt of claims. The possibility to replace descriptions and drawings with a reference to a previously filed application was used by applicants 391 times (usually for divisional applications) during the year following the entry into force of the EPC 2000, "accounting for 0.6 % of all direct European filings."

Priority rights extended to first filing in WTO members
The priority rights are extended to filing in or for any member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), in addition to any state party to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. This amendment has been made to align the European Patent Convention with Article 2 of the TRIPS Agreement.

Legal remedies
Extensive changes were also made to the possibilities for the legal remedy of the failure to observe various time limits within the European patent system. Most particularly, the failure to pay various fees (filing fee, designation fee, search fee and examination fee) were, until the coming into force of the EPC 2000, excluded from the standard legal remedies of further processing and re-establishment of rights. Under the EPC 1973, the failure to observe the time limits for paying these fees could only be remedied by strict grace periods. These grace periods have now been replaced by the application of further processing and, if the further processing time limit is missed, re-establishment of rights, which although not directly applicable to the time limit missed originally, is applicable to the failure to observe the time limit for further processing.

One of the biggest changes, was to allow the excuse of the failure to observe the 12 month priority period. If this period is missed, this failure can be remedied by a request for re-establishment of rights filed within 2 months of the expiry of the priority period (in most other cases, the request for re-establishment must be filed within two months of the removal of the impediment to completing the act in question on time, up to a maximum of 12 months ). This is provided that the failure to observe the original period was despite the applicant having taken all due care (i.e. the applicant has a legitimate reason for missing the deadline). There is some uncertainty as to whether this is an aggregate time limit or a unitary time limit, which can make difference of up to several days as to when it expires.

Requests for limitation or revocation
Article 105a(1) EPC 2000 introduces a procedure for centrally limiting or revoking a European patent. A request for limitation or revocation may be filed at any time throughout the term of the European patent.

Petition for review
Article 112a EPC 2000 introduces a procedure for contesting the decisions of the boards of appeal by filing a petition for review. The petition for review can only be based on a fundamental procedural defect and its purpose is not to obtain a review of the application of substantive law. The petition is in fact a restricted form of judicial review, limited to examining serious errors of procedure which might have been committed by the Legal or Technical Boards of Appeal, prejudicing the right to a fair hearing of one or more appellants. Previously it was not possible for a party who did not have his requests granted in an appeal to challenge the final decision of the Legal or Technical Board of Appeal on any grounds.

The first petitions for review included R1/08 (application no 97600009), R2/08 (application no 00936978), R3/08 (application no 01943244) and R4/08 (application no 98116534). The first allowable petition for review was decision R 7/09, for a fundamental violation of.

Transitional provisions
According to Article 7(1) of the Act revising the European Patent Convention of 29 November 2000,
 * "The revised version of the Convention shall apply to all European patent applications filed after its entry into force, as well as to all patents granted in respect of such applications. It shall not apply to European patents already granted at the time of its entry into force, or to European patent applications pending at that time, unless otherwise decided by the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation."

Pursuant to Article 7(1) and (2) of the Act revising the EPC of 29 November 2000, the Administrative Council decided on 28 June 2001 to adopt a certain number of exceptions ("unless otherwise decided by the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation"). Amongst these exceptions (as laid out in Article 1.1 of the Administrative Council's decision of 28 June 2001), Articles 106 and 108 EPC are said to apply to all European patent applications pending at the time of the entry into force of the EPC 2000. However, the Legal Board of Appeal in case J 10/07 decided, in order to reflect the intention and purpose of those transitional provisions, to apply Articles 106 and 108 as applicable before the entry into force of the EPC 2000 (i.e. Articles 106 and 108 EPC 1973) to a pending European patent application.

Further links and readings

 * EPO web site
 * Special editions of the Official Journal of the EPO:
 * 1/2007 - Revision of the EPC (EPC 2000), New texts relevant for patent practitioners, 2007 (PDF, 1.6 MB).
 * 3/2007 - Revision of the European Patent Convention (EPC 2000). Update of decisions of the President and notices from the European Patent Office of relevance to patent practitioners, 2007 (PDF, 1.3 MB).
 * 4/2007 - Revision of the European Patent Convention (EPC 2000). Synoptic presentation EPC 1973/2000 – Part I: The Articles, 2007 (PDF, 1.72 MB).
 * 5/2007 - Revision of the European Patent Convention (EPC 2000). Synoptic presentation EPC 1973/2000 – Part II: The Implementing Regulations, 2007.
 * Gesetz zur Umsetzung der Akte von 29. November 2000 zur Revision des Übereinkommens über die Erteilung europaïscher Patente, Vom 24. August 2007, Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2007 Teil I Nr. 45, pp. 2166–2168.
 * See also:
 * Ratification Act ("Gesetz zu der Akte vom 29. November 2000 zur Revision des Übereinkommens vom 5. Oktober 1973 über die Erteilung europäischer Patente (Europäisches Patentübereinkommen) Vom 24. August 2007", Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2007 Teil II Nr. 25, ausgegeben zu Bonn am 31. August 2007, p. 1082ff) and
 * Implementing Regulations published in the German Federal Law Gazette or Bundesgesetzblatt ("Bekanntmachung der Neufassung der Ausführungsordnung zum Europäischen Patentübereinkommen und der Neufassung der Gebührenordnung der Europäischen Patentorganisation Vom 24. August 2007", Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2007 Teil II Nr. 25, ausgegeben zu Bonn am 31. August 2007, p. 1199ff)

title: EPC 2000


text:
Stan Aronoff

Stanley J. Aronoff (June 8, 1932 – January 31, 2024) was an American politician of the Republican Party who served for a time as president of the Ohio Senate.

Biography
Stanley J. Aronoff was born on June 8, 1932. He was raised in a Jewish family in the North Avondale neighborhood of Cincinnati and attended high school at Walnut Hills High School. He earned a bachelor's degree and a law degree from Harvard University, after which he returned to Cincinnati to enter into the private practice of law.

In 1960, Ambrose Lindhorst (the head of the Hamilton County Republican Party), Walton Bachrach (mayor of Cincinnati), and Republican operative George Eyrich persuaded Aronoff to run for a seat in the Ohio General Assembly. He began serving in the Ohio House of Representatives in 1961 and was re-elected twice, serving until 1967.

In 1966, Aronoff won a seat in the Ohio Senate. He was reelected in 1968 and 1972. In the 1974 primary election, he made an unsuccessful bid for the Republican nomination for Ohio Attorney General. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1976.

In 1978, Aronoff sought the party's nomination for a seat in the United States House of Representatives, but party bosses endorsed television news broadcaster Thearon "Tom" Atkins instead. It was suspected, with the Jewish Bill Gradison already representing the Hamilton County Republican Party in Congress, that party leaders shied away from endorsing another Jew for Cincinnati's other congressional seat. Nevertheless, Aronoff prevailed in the Republican primary, but lost narrowly in the general election to Democrat Tom Luken.

By the 1980 elections, the Republican party achieved a majority in the Ohio Senate, and Aronoff was named chairman of the Finance Committee. However, the party was again in the minority two years later. In the 1984 campaign, Aronoff's success at fundraising was key to the Republican recapture of the Senate. The Senate Republican leader was Paul Gillmor; when Gillmor won a seat in Congress in 1988, Aronoff became President of the state Senate.

In 1995, Aronoff—and other legislators, including former Democratic Ohio House of Representatives Speaker Vern Riffe—was investigated for the misdemeanor of accepting multiple low fees from more than one source for the same event in order to avoid disclosure ("fee pancaking", like a stack of pancakes); the law required that legislators disclose the acceptance of any speaking fee exceeding US$500. Aronoff was indicted and pleaded guilty to not disclosing $4,500 in fees for the same speech accepted from various arms of The Limited company. He was sentenced to community service, which he fulfilled by giving lectures to students on government ethics.

In 1996 Aronoff retired from public service. He was connected with the law firm of Aronoff, Rosen and Hunt, established in 1928 by Irwin I. Aronoff.

Aronoff died on January 31, 2024, at the age of 91.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Stan Aronoff


text:
Bassa people (Liberia)

The Bassa people are a West African ethnic group primarily native to Liberia. The Bassa people are a subgroup of the larger Kru people of Liberia and Ivory Coast. They form a majority or a significant minority in Liberia's Grand Bassa, Rivercess, Margibi and Montserrado counties. In Liberia's capital of Monrovia, they are the largest ethnic group. With an overall population of about 1.05 million, they are the second largest ethnic group in Liberia (18%), after the Kpelle people (26%). Small Bassa communities are also found in Sierra Leone and Ivory Coast.

The Bassa speak the Bassa language, a Kru language that belongs to the Niger-Congo family of languages. They had their own pictographic writing system but it went out of use in the 19th century, was rediscovered among the slaves of Brazil and the West Indies in 1890s, and reconstructed in early 1900 by Thomas Flo Darvin Lewis. The revived signs-based script is called Ehni Ka Se Fa.

In local languages, the Bassa people are also known as Gboboh, Adbassa or Bambog-Mbog people.

History
The linguistic evidence and oral traditions of these geographically diverse, small yet significant group suggests that their name Bassa may be related to Bassa Sooh Nyombe which means "Father Stone's people". Early European traders had trouble pronouncing the entire phrase, and the shorter form Bassa has been used in Western literature ever since.

The Dan people, neighbors of the Bassa in Liberia, were especially attracted to brass jewelry. Dan women wore significant amounts of brass jewelry, as the amount of brass was directly correlated to their husband's wealth. Many Dan women would wear several pairs of anklets and bracelets that could weigh up to 8 pounds each. Until brass jewelry was banned in the late 1930s by Liberia's minister of health, Rudolf Fuszek, that claimed the brass jewelry was the cause of chafing infections and orthopedic problems. The sudden surplus of brass would be melted down and recast for other purposes. The Bassa people are likely responsible for producing some of these new uses for brass among the Dan. they were miniature brass cast masks called ma go, or "small head".

Society
The Bassa people are traditionally settled farmers who grow yam, cassava, eddoes and plantain. They are a lineage-linked independent clans who live in villages, each with a chief.

The Bassa people, before colonial occupation, had populations with occupational categories of farmers, barterers / traders, and lagoon fishermen. As well as a set of categories that had hierarchies based on practitioner skill, consisting of blacksmiths, carvers, weavers, potters, and other craftsmen.

The Bassa people acquired the Port Society and "Gree-Gree" bush traditions of education and initiation of children, from their neighboring Dei and Kpelle tribes.

The Bassa people are among those that practice the woman initiation society called Sande. (Also referred to as Bondo). The Sande / Bondo sub-culture is believed to be originated from the Mende people. The practice Sande (or Bondo), which consist of rituals involving special helmet / masks that some practicing cultures called Sowei / sowo. The masks themselves are not named, and Sowei / sowo refers to the title of the association official that wears the helmet mask. These type of masks are made by numerous cultures leading to some distinction in style, but the purpose of the helmet mask is always a representation os a primordial ancestor spirit that originates from a body of water during a sacred journey by a member official.

Religion
The traditional religion of the Bassa people has a moral and ethical foundation, one that reveres ancestors and supernatural spirits.

The Sande / Bondo helmet masks, worn by a society official during special ceremonies, represent the idealized beauty of a female primordial ancestor spirit, believed to reside in bodies of water.

Christianity arrived among the Bassa people during the colonial era, and the first Bible was translated into Bassa language in 1922. The adoption process fused the idea of Christian God with their traditional idea of a Supreme Being and powerful first ancestor who is merciful and revengeful, rewarding the good and punishing the bad. The traditional religion has included secret rites of passage for men and women, such as the Sande society.

The introduction of Christianity created a division between the inland Forest Bassa that maintained Bassa traditional practices and rituals, and the Coastal Bassa, that converted to Christianity.

Numerous missionaries from different denominations of Christianity have been active among the Bassa people during the 20th century. These has led to many Bassa independent churches from Europe, North America, Africa and Evangelical movements. In contemporary times, the Bassa people predominantly practice Christianity, but they have retained elements of their traditional religion.

Village Layout and Architecture
Inland Forest Bassa took extra consideration to the location and layout of villages. The choice of location is determined by simple factors, access to fresh water, good farmland, and the presence of certain reeds for use as roofing material.

The layout of the village appears to be disorganized clusters of huts placed seemingly at random but is actually very intentional. The village layout is arranged in such a way, looking in any direction one's line of sight is interrupted by huts, this inability to get bearings as an outsider is specifically for spies and attackers, as they would get lost easily, giving the Bassa, familiar with their own village an advantage. A Bassa village with this layout lacks any sort of main road and do include several empty 'lots' making traveling through the village intentionally difficult and confusing for outsiders.

Art
During the late 1930s, the brass jewelry the Dan wore was banned, the surplus brass from the jewelry was melted down and recast for other things. One of those things were created by the Bassa for the Dan. Those were ma go, "small head", miniature masks that featured protruding open lips, flared nostrils, and pierced slit eyes, as well as a tattoo pattern from forehead to chin.

Another brass work of the Bassa people is the Brass Finial. the Brass Finial is an iron rod that had brass cast over it. the top of the staff features a woman's head, with five rows of hair that run from front to back, as well as an encircling herringbone pattern. According to Bassa legend, the staff was the walking stick of a mythical ancestor by the name of Sma Vlen. Who was believed to have migrated towards the coast during the 16th century.

Bassa Masks were wood carved and are distinguished from neighboring peoples own masks through a style that gives the masks angular faces. With the mask, the wearer would also wear a braided bonnet, fastened at an angle to the forehead.

Other Bassa Masks have perorated eyes but are not worn directly on the face of the performer, but rather fastened to the forehead area of a weaved basket that is worn by the performer.

Bassa Masks have a hierarchy based on the purpose that each mask is meant to fulfill, whether it be private or for a ritual. One type of Bassa masks are made with the intent of projecting reverence and fear with monstrous face with protruding eyes, swollen lips and contorted human and animal features. These masks depict the likeness of spirits from the darkest parts of the forest.

The next type of mask are the portrait masks created exclusively by skilled carvers following tribal sculptural laws passed down by masters of the craft for generations. These masks are made to embody the defined concepts of beauty, within this category are ancestor masks, meant to give leniency, be at peace, and promise peace to heirs. these masks are deliberately made to not resemble specific individuals.

An exception to the making of a mask that resembles a specific individual came when there was a need to accustom the people of a village to the disfigurement of someone. A mask in their likeness was made and used by a performer that danced with crowds and told jokes, giving the features of the individual's disfigurement positive association, as part of deliberate act of social to prevent a member of the village from becoming an outcast.

Another type of portrait masks, known in English as "devil" masks are worn by soothsayers and various performers like acrobats and jugglers, and said wearers are agents of social control.

title: Bassa people (Liberia)


text:
Banner (disambiguation)

A banner is a symbol-bearing flag.

Banner may also refer to:

United States

 * Banner, California, San Diego County, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Illinois, a village
 * Banner, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Missouri, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Mississippi, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Ohio, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Virginia, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
 * Banner, Wyoming, an unincorporated community
 * Banner County, Nebraska
 * Banner Township (disambiguation)
 * Banner Mountain, California
 * Banner Peak, California

Elsewhere

 * Banner (administrative division), found in Asia
 * Banner (Inner Mongolia), administrative division
 * Banner, a community in the township of Zorra, Ontario, Canada

Surname

 * Banner (surname), a list of people and fictional characters

In publishing

 * Banner (newspaper), a list of newspapers
 * Banner (publishing), a newspaper's logo
 * The Banner (magazine), published by the Christian Reformed Church of North America

In arts & entertainment

 * Banner Theatre, an English-based community theatre company
 * Banner Records, a record label
 * The Banner (band), an American metalcore band
 * Banners (musician), English musician
 * Banner (album), by Desperation Band, 2014
 * "Banner", a song by Lights from Siberia, 2011

Other

 * USS Banner, two ships named after Banner County, Nebraska
 * Banner (Australian rules football), supporters' banner
 * Banner (playing card), used in Swiss-suited cards
 * Banner page, a page inserted between documents by computerized printing in order to separate them
 * Web banner, a form of online advertising
 * Banner (Unix), a program for generating a large ASCII art version of input text
 * Banner School District, El Reno, Oklahoma
 * Banner (strawberry), a defunct strawberry variety
 * Banner Health, a non-profit health system based in Phoenix, Arizona
 * Banner Bank, a commercial bank headquartered in Walla Walla, Washington
 * Banner (Mongols), a pole with circularly arranged horse or yak tail hairs of varying colors arranged at the top
 * Banner (cavalry), the basic administrative unit of the Polish and Lithuanian cavalry from the 14th century
 * Banner or Eublemma anachoresis, a moth of the family Erebidae

title: Banner (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Spigot (object)

I forked this page from the Spigot article. Please contact me if you have anything that you feel like talking to me about.

Redirect
The object described by most of this stub sounds like a spile, but I've never come across "spigot" with that meaning. I don't think there's enough to make a "spigot" article, and I believe the word is mostly used in American English for some types of what I would call a tap. Thus I've redirected it there. PeteVerdon 09:38, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spigot (object)


text:
User talk:Renke

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 21:18, Dec 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Finally, someone notices my existence! Too bad the entire message is generated automatically though. I guess it's easier to get a personal message by vandalizing. (Or by writing a great article, but that's obviously not worth it...) Renke 22:17, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Renke


text:
Talk:Tristan A. Farnon

Untitled
I forked added information from the Spigot article. Please contact me if you have anything that you feel like talking to me about.

I removed the Jerkcity link, since the man didn't create it(and if you read his interview, you'd know that he's just fond of it)

I'm not sure if Tristan really is engaged to a woman named Delia Derbyshire, but the link goes to a woman that's been dead since 2001. There should either be a separate Delia Derbyshire article, or the section should be removed.
 * I am guessing that someone may have wikified that name thinking that it was the same person (or someone just jumped the gun and decided that all names needed to be wikified without verification, I dunno). It is also interesting to note that there is no mention of the details of her death on the article page for the woman. I will de-wikify it until someone can provide further clarification on this matter. TheMonkofDestiny 16:23, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

Racist
I removed the mention of the dilbert strips as being 'often racist' because it's patently untrue. They are definitely obscene but not even remotely racist. Somebody has an axe to grind. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:306:CCEE:CD90:6A1C:A2FF:FE02:4C44 (talk) 17:44, 15 July 2013 (UTC)

Deletion discussion
This article survived a nomination for deletion. The discussion can be found here. Flowerparty ☀ 23:20, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 16:48, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

the word is not the thing

 * In the hobby of amateur radio, a silent key refers to an operator who is deceased.

This tells us what a silent key does (though not how), but not what it is. —Tamfang (talk) 09:17, 22 April 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100324083143/http://archives.tcj.com/232/i_farnon.html to http://archives.tcj.com/232/i_farnon.html

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title: Talk:Tristan A. Farnon


text:
Talk:Spigot algorithm

I forked this page from the Spigot article. Please contact me if you have anything that you feel like talking to me about. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Goofyheadedpunk (talk • contribs) 21:19, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Others?
Right now, the article only lists the Bailey-Borwein-Plouffe formula as a spigot algorithm. Are there others? -- 128.104.112.85 (talk) 00:23, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes - this MathWorld page gives a list of BBP-type formulae which can be used as the basis of spigot algorithms for various mathematical constants. The BBP π formula/algorithm is the best known example because it was so unexpected. Gandalf61 (talk) 11:23, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

Clarification needed
The page states that: "We add a few terms in the 'tail'" and the first few terms of the "'tail'". How many is "a few" in this context? Can one term be used if one wants to compute just one digit? I think there should be some sort of clarification, explaining the value of "a few" Earl of Warwick 11:02, 28 February 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by AmbroseDudley (talk • contribs)

Bounding the error
Currently it is said "noting that the error introduced by truncating the sum is less than the final term" but I don't think this is evident so I suggest to add a short justification, or at least a mention to the need of an error bound if going into details is cumbersome. Davidsevilla | Talk 13:35, 7 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spigot algorithm


text: Template:Romanian elections

title: Template:Romanian elections


text:
Talk:Tower of London

Moat
I wonder if its worth mentioning 1928 Thames flood, and the tentative plans to refill the moat for the Olympics? Although I wonder why they don't refill the moat anyway, the reasons for its emptying no longer exist. Parrot of Doom 09:55, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure, it might be but I don't know how often the Thames floods. If it's a regular occurrence it might be worth including. It's not surprising the moat gets filled during a flood but 1928 wasn't the only time the River overflowed. I've not seen flooding mentioned in the books about the Tower (probably because there's so much else going on) but if the 1947 Thames flood was really the worst recorded in the 20th century (according to Wikipedia) I would expect the moat to have flooded then too. The floods are possibly worth a mention if I can scrape something together. It would be a hell of a sight; if there were any photos taken at the time it would be great for the article. It's a shame they haven't deliberately filled the moat, it shouldn't be too hard to sort out drainage to keep the water clear in the 21st century. Nev1 (talk) 00:07, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I was thinking that you could add something in like "moat was drained in 18xx, since when, barring the occasional flood, it has remained dry"? Not a huge mention.  I bet there are photographs, I might have a look at the Times archive to see if the river flooding was covered in there.  What's the rationale behind not flooding the moat?  I can't think of a downside.  You could even charge tourists for passing through Traitor's Gate :) Parrot of Doom 13:46, 5 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Exactly
 * 2A00:23C8:3984:C101:4428:B5CA:7A15:8583 (talk) 11:05, 1 June 2024 (UTC)

chronology
The third sentence of "Foundation and early history" mentions the 1066 invasion, but this was when the Norman conquest of England began. Shouldn't this be mentioned at the start of this section, before "as part of their conquest of England..."? Parrot of Doom 12:57, 10 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I've made essentially cosmetic changes, putting the chronology of William's victory and approach towards London at the start, and then moving the stuff about the significance of castles to the end of the paragraph. The next then switches back to chronology. (I think most of your copy edits are intact, although I trimmed a little material). Nev1 (talk) 13:15, 10 August 2010 (UTC)

 * How about this? I wasn't sure how many castles he founded so I just put "several".  Is that correct, or would it be more accurate instead to remove that part, since a castle is essentially a fortification?  Or are the "several castles" actually a part of the period 1066–1087? Parrot of Doom 14:58, 10 August 2010 (UTC)

Very good article
Just wanted to say, very good article. Well done to all who contributed! :) BritishWatcher (talk) 02:45, 29 September 2010 (UTC)
 * This disgraceful posting ^ is in clear breach of Talk page guidelines! Which is just as well, as I came here to say exactly the same thing too - terrific article, nice one! Congrats to all involved - excellent text and some wonderful pictures. Now I am going to beat myself up for posting this, pour encourager les autres. Cheers, DBaK (talk) 08:44, 29 September 2010 (UTC)
 * lol always follow IGNORE :). You would think giving praise would be encouraged. BritishWatcher (talk) 08:51, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Name
The name, 'Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress' is given in the lead but not mentioned again in the body of the article. There are no supporting referenced given for this name. The is the kind of thing that may be argued about and used in quizzes, it therefore seems important to me that we have a reference to support this, relatively unknown, name. Martin Hogbin (talk) 07:37, 29 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I thought an IP simply added it earlier today so i unddid it but i see they were restoring it to undo vandalism. Plenty of sources on the Tower of London website using the term. BritishWatcher (talk) 08:06, 29 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Someone needs to add a bit to the body of the article giving the alternative name as the style of the article seems to be not to have references in the lead. Martin Hogbin (talk) 15:29, 29 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I have added a 'fact' tag. I do not doubt that it is true but an important claim about the correct name needs a good reference — Preceding unsigned comment added by Martin Hogbin (talk • contribs) 19:11, 18 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Nearly all the Tower guidebooks use this term, it shouldn't be hard to ref this.--Jeanne Boleyn (talk) 20:11, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

Popular culture
Can I just add what a delight I find it that the "in popular culture" bit is in its own separate article? No disrespect intended to anyone who likes to work on these things, but I sometimes find them a terrible distraction, often irrelevant, and liable to a sort of editorial instability and, er, shiftingness that can make an article frustrating to work on. Shipping this stuff out to its own article is great, and I feel that we should do it more often, where the volume warrants it. Sure, at the other article you can argue all day, if you choose, about what should be in or out and how many episodes of Dr Who or James Bond films or Meg and Mog stories you are going to list, but I think it's much better that this happens in its own space. Good one. DBaK (talk) 08:53, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * It's an idea borrowed from the article on Guy Fawkes. After a certain point, it's better if the pop culture trivia is hived off in another article so it doesn't unbalanced things. Also, I happen to think that most of it is unimportant in any case. There is plenty to say about how popular culture has effected the public's perception of the Tower –such as Shakespeare perpetuating a myth about the Tower, and William Harrison Ainsworth making the gory side well-known – but something like Johnny English doesn't really tell us much about the Tower. I was quite happy to remove this from the main article and give it its own. Nev1 (talk) 12:09, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Absolutely, yes! Good stuff, and thanks. DBaK (talk) 14:53, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Tower Bridge
There is no mention of Tower Bridge in the article. Is it completely out of scope? — Amakuru (talk) 15:39, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * PS - congratulations by the way. An excellent article. — Amakuru (talk) 15:52, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * The only connection between the two is that the bridge was named because it was close to the Tower. That's worth mentioning in the article on Tower Bridge, but not on the Tower of London itself. Nev1 (talk) 18:41, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * OK, fair enough. — Amakuru (talk) 19:21, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Still in use as a prison?
The following sentence

is slightly misleading as it implies that the castle is still used as a prison (which I assume it is not!). The past tense would probably be better. — Amakuru (talk) 15:48, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Good point, I've switched it to the past tense rather than the imperfect. Nev1 (talk) 18:40, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * The assertion that the Kray Twins were held in the Tower for refusing to report for National Service is supported by a link to a Channel 4 programme that cannot be accessed. It sounds really unlikely to me - but just the sort of thing that they might have claimed themselves. The slightly more detailed story in the Kray twins article is supported by nothing at all, and in that article they are described as "amongst the last prisoners", ie that such imprisonments weren't uncommon. If that were so I'd expect some citation would be possible. Thomas Peardew (talk) 16:40, 6 February 2018 (UTC)
 * It could only have been correct if at the time of their National Service there was a military prison (formally Military Corrective Training Centre) to which court martialled offenders would be sent  at the Tower, which I am aware was the Regimental Depot of the Royal Fusiliers with whom they were to serve. The barracks would have had guardroom cells in which miscreants would have short term confinement prior to court martial. The Krays were sent on from the Tower to Shepton Mallet detention barracks to serve out their court martial sentence.Cloptonson (talk) 10:35, 24 June 2021 (UTC)

In Spike Milligan's (first) wartime memoir, Adolf Hitler: My Part in His Downfall, he mentions - page 60 of the Penguin edition - that one of his fellow Gunners in the 56th Heavy Regiment Royal Artillery, a London Regt, was confined in the Tower Armoury in 1942 after repeatedly going AWOL. Thomas Peardew (talk) 17:21, 5 April 2018 (UTC)
 * I have read the same memoir of Milligan's but I understood (through Milligan's comedic turns of phrase) that he was posted there as a home service assignment.Cloptonson (talk) 08:15, 16 September 2021 (UTC)

Evil May Day riots of 1517
In 1517, during the Evil May Day riots, the then Lieutenant of the Tower, Sir Richard Cholmeley, furiously ordered the firing of some of the Tower's artillery at the City as gangs of young Londoners attacked foreigners, especially the wealthy foreign merchants and bankers of Lombard Street, London, and took control of London for several days. Is this incident significant enough to mention? -- Ssilvers (talk) 16:08, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Royal Armouries
There doesn't seem to be an internal link to the Royal Armouries; the world's oldest museum and an important part of the life of the Tower since the middle-ages. Alansplodge (talk) 16:38, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * The royal armouries are mentioned in their role as a successor to the Privy Wardrobe. Feel free to add a wikilink. Otherwise, do you have a source that says it was the world's oldest museum? Although the crown jewels were on disply from the 17th century onwards and the armouries could be accessed, calling it a museum might be stretching it. Nev1 (talk) 18:45, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Query
''The chapel's current bare and unadorned appearance is reminiscent of how it would have been in the Norman period. In the 13th century, during Henry III's reign, the chapel was decorated with such ornamentation as a gold-painted cross, and stained glass windows that depicted the Virgin Mary and Holy Trinity. ''

There are two things that I want to question here.

 * The chapel's current bare and unadorned appearance is reminiscent of how it would have been in the Norman period.
 * Is this what Parnell says? It seems very odd to me! I would expect that the expanse of ceiling, particularly the apse, would have been decorated, after the manner of St Gabriel's Chapel (early 1100s) in Canterbury Cathedral.

 * gold-painted cross
 * "Gilded", or "painted and gilded" are both far more likely than "gold-painted".

Amandajm (talk) 10:38, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

Please check
"In the 20th century tourism the Tower's primary role, the remaining routine military activities, under the Royal Logistics Corps, having wound down in the latter half of the century and moved out of the castle.[125]"

 * "In the twentieth century" are my addition.
 * The question is: do the words "latter half of the century" pertain to the 19th or the 20th century? I am not sure from the context, and may have inadvertently caused an error. Could you please correct this if necessary?
 * Oh Dear! I have just noticed a verb missing! Will fix! Amandajm (talk) 11:03, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

Congratulations!
A great article to have on the front page!

Amandajm (talk) 11:07, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

An historic and a historic
Is there any way, without this Talk page becoming a ranting battlefield, that we can peacefully resolve the "an historic"/"a historic" thing? Or given that everyone knows that they are right, is it doomed to just continue indefinitely as a slow-motion edit war? And if so, does it matter? Best wishes to all, DBaK (talk) 14:45, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Or ... has it not maybe been discussed to death and/or consensus reached in some more general forum elsewhere, perhaps? DBaK (talk) 14:46, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

Per WP:Engvar it should be An Historic as this article uses British English and it's a British English convention to use An before words beginning Ha, He, Hi, Ho, Hu or Hy - though both are correct. 62.25.109.198 (talk) 14:56, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Oh dear, this is very much what I didn't want to do here but, no, per WP:Engvar it should be nothing of the kind unless you can show me where WP:Engvar says "always use 'an' in BrE in these cases". It's a form of synthesis to say 1. Engvar says use BrE here so 2. this should say "an historic", because it requires me to accept the unspoken step 1a. the correct BrE usage is "an historic". This I do not accept: I know it is used by some BrE speakers but others, including me, find it archaic and frankly embarrassing. So I see no justification for changing it, and I feel it is important to assert that people who want to say "an historic" cannot simply hide it behind EngVar and BrE. But this is what I mean about trying to avoid the I know I am right about this bit because of course we both know that we are and we can both - well, if we could be bothered - go on asserting that I am right and you are wrong ad infinitum. I was hoping for something a bit more, er, policyish than this. Best wishes DBaK (talk) 15:05, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Policy aside, its long been my understanding that "an" is used to make the pronunciation of a following word easier - hence "an elephant" is easier than "a elephant". "An historic" is only needed if one uses the hard "a!", rather than "ey...", or if one pronounces the following word with a silent h.  Of course this is all my own research and based on nothing in particular. Parrot of Doom 15:09, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * "this is all my own research" Get the heretic! Prepare the stake!!!! :) DBaK (talk) 16:17, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I have checked a bit and it appears that both usages are widespread and neither is regarded as uniquely correct. By analogy with the instructions about different variants of English I would stick with the original author's choice unless there is a reason and consensus for change. In this case I would say do exactly that: retain, or restore, the original author's choice of words. Mirokado (talk) 19:52, 1 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm not 100% sure I buy this, but it is a very interesting approach and at least is better, to my way of thinking, than I'm right you're wrong. If I did buy it - and it would certainly be interesting to know what others think - then this would I think suggest that it ought to be "an historic". Of course this just makes me go sassle frassle because I think it's, er, wrong ... but I am not sure if evidence exists to back my prejudice, or maybe it does but I can't be $%^&ed to go and look for it! :) Best wishes, DBaK (talk) 20:30, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

 * "An historic.." is a throwback to 19th century pronounciation where initial h's were barely pronounced. Anyone claiming it's (exclusively) correct, a British English convention, or widespread, is wrong. It is very rare indeed in modern English and will soon expire. No new writing should use it although it shouldn't be corrected in older works.TheMathemagician (talk) 11:12, 3 December 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected?
Why is the article semi-protected? Because it has been a featured article? Because it is on a CD used for schools? Perhaps because it's been repoeatedly vandalised (but surely not)?

There should be an explanation. 81.178.38.169 (talk) 02:30, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * The explanation can be seen in the protection log here. Nikkimaria (talk) 03:01, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

 * The reason given when the article was semi-protected towards the end of October was that there was too much vandalism; it expires on 27 November, but it's likely the vandalism will resume as the article is one of the most popular on Wikipedia. The version of this article that's been selected for school release is based on a version of this article from June 2008. Nev1 (talk) 18:18, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

Tower Of London
It the most haunted place of London, with seven famous assessination of the century. Its been said that all those people are seen there living there final moments again and again. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 145.228.59.66 (talk) 17:28, 23 February 2011 (UTC)

 * "Most haunted" is a bold claim, do you have a source to back that up? Nev1 (talk) 17:49, 3 April 2011 (UTC)

Auto writes - I would agree with Nev. The Guinness Book of Records, some years ago [1960s/1970s?], had - IFRC - a pub or country house as the 'Most Haunted Building in England'; this, of course, may not be definitive. . . . .   Auto wrote. 20160725 2017 Z. 109.155.108.69 (talk) 20:17, 25 July 2016 (UTC)

SFN
From the history of the article:
 * 20:04, 28 September 2011 Nev1 (Please format your changes in a manner consistent with the rest of the article and this material is not in the correct place as per WP:LEAD the lead is supposed to summarise the rest of the article)
 * 22:41, 28 September 2011 PBS (All long citations converted to short citations and the long citation part added to the list of general references)
 * 22:48, 28 September 2011 PBS (Altered lead Blitz was only WWII)
 * 22:55, 28 September 2011 PBS (Put in missing long citation removed in earlier edit)
 * 22:59, 28 September 2011 PBS (→Restoration and tourism: "and it generates an annual income of about €50 million")
 * 00:57, 29 September 2011 Nev1 (I would appreciate it if wecould stick to a single citation style. That used by the article passed FAC.)

Nev1, you have stated in the past that the format of sfn and harvnb are different. If so how? I checked the template code and could see no significant difference between the two either in the visual display or the HTML with the exception that the sfn template puts a full stop after the short citation something that harvnb does not do. If you looked at the time stamps on the edits I made you might have noticed that I spent several hours making the changes from long to short citations, and in doing so I checked the citations. Not only did you make a revert the use of sfn your also removed other additions such as authors, publishers, and reinstalling some links that do not work, publishing dates that were wrong. Further the edit 22:59, 28 September 2011 (that put in the information "and it generates an annual income of about €50 million") was reverted with no explanation as to why.

It seems to me that you are using a sledgehammer of a revert, when you could alter the inline citations to use the harvnb template if that is what you prefer. Although why you prefer it has not in my opinion been adequately explained. -- PBS (talk) 02:41, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * He doesn't have to explain his preferences. Once again, you are clearly breaching WP:Citation with these undiscussed changes, and on an FA. When you breach the policy by not seeking concensus, don't moan about how much time you spent. Johnbod (talk) 02:54, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * I was not moaning! I was pointing out that I had taken a long time to check the citations and to make them more accurate, and that the revert had reintroduced inaccuracies which presumably was an oversight by Nev1 as I am sure the intention was not to reintroduce inaccuracies. -- PBS (talk) 03:17, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * How is it a breach of CITE. Cite encourages the use of a consistent style. Before my edit there was a mix of short and long citations. After the edit there were none. -- PBS (talk) 03:13, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * The changes being made here seem to clearly alter the citation style in the article (e.g. putting web sources directly in the bibliography rather than as in footnoted links) and therefore need to be discussed on this page and consensus reached first.Hchc2009 (talk) 06:37, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Whether a source is reliable or not is the criteria for their inclusion. We do not make a distinction between the types of media used in citation styles. If we were to do what you are suggesting then we would have the situation were a newspaper is available online would determine the citation style. Citation style relates to use parenthetical referencing or footnotes and if footnotes are used whether they are inline long references or inline shortened footnotes. Before I made the edit the citations were a mixture of inline long references and shortened footnotes so it was an inconsistent style and there were errors in the inline long citations. -- PBS (talk) 09:35, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * Hchc2009 why did you revert my edit of 22:59, 28 September 2011 PBS (→Restoration and tourism: "and it generates an annual income of about €50 million")? -- PBS (talk) 09:39, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Perhaps because your edit does not tally with the claims made by the man interviewed in the source, who runs a "50 million Euro tourist business". This is not the same as your belief that the Tower generates an annual income of about 50 million. Parrot of Doom 10:23, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * The man was at the time the time was Resident Governor of the Tower of London one could quote him is "... and I run a 50 million Euro [hesitation] tourist business one way of looking at it whilst..." but the words " "and it generates an annual income of about €50 million" is a reasonable paraphrase of what he said that does not breach copyright (obviously or I would not have used it). If you do not think so, then how would you paraphrase what he said? -- PBS (talk) 22:46, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * There is a time and a place for quotes. This is it rather than introducing your interpretation. Nev1 (talk) 22:56, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * If you think a quote more appropriate then why delete the phrase and the citation instead of modifying the phrase to incorporate the quote? -- PBS (talk) 07:30, 2 October 2011 (UTC)

 * And once again PBS, you appear to be trying to impose your view of what citation styles are appropriate for an article, ignoring the fact that consistent citation formatting is commonly interpreted as not mixing template:citation and template:cite web/news/etc in the same article. This article's citation formatting is perfectly acceptable, as judged by more competent editors at WP:FAC. Parrot of Doom 10:23, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * "by more competent editors at WP:FAC" more competent than whom? "not mixing template:citation and template:cite web/news/etc in the same article" if you look at my edit of long inline citations to short inline citations, you will see that I altered a cite web to a sfn Citation pair. So can I take it approve of my edit? -- PBS (talk) 22:46, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * I mean more competent than you, PBS, and no, I do not approve of your edits. I suggest you go and play elsewhere. Parrot of Doom 23:19, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * I do not object to the article mentioning that in the words of Major General Keith Cima, the Tower's resident governor, the castle is "a €50 million tourist business", but I am not going to enable such edits by cleaning up collaroral damage. An editor with nearly 70,000 edits should to be able to follow an article's existing citation style. As for the actual content, I would use the General's phrasing with quotes as it is not clear what he meant.
 * The difference between sfn and harvnb is small but still there. It's a minor detail, but consistency is important. If you are not sure what the difference is, use the same template. harvnb is very simple to use, and if you can manage sfn it should be no problem. I am not forcing you to use it in other articles, just requiring that you match the article's existing format. Nev1 (talk) 11:38, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * FYI Cima is no longer the Resident Governor. The edit that used the Cima's information was not part of the same edit that changed the long citations into short ones, so you did not have to revert that edit along with the others so "cleaning up collaroral damage" is not relevant. Further in reverting the edit without being selective, you have reinserted errors (and broken PoD rule). -- PBS (talk) 22:46, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * There seems to be three different opinions expressed here. You seem to be objecting to the use of sfn not the homogenisation of long citations to short ones to match the other. If so why not edit my change rather than revert it? BTW did you not notice the change I made to the text after the ref label  ? If you did why make the comment "harvnb is very simple to use, and if you can manage sfn it shuold be no problem."? If not why did you not look in detail at my edit before reverting it? -- PBS (talk) 22:46, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * On the contrary Phil, it should be quite clear that I think you changing the web references is changing the format. It's great you've started to use harvnb as you did for  . Told you it was easy. So why not do it elsewhere? But that still doesn't address the issue why you changed web references to harvnb which is unnecessary and bloats the article. As I said Phil, I will not enable sloppy editing. If a newbie editor had edited using a different citation style I would have happily stepped in and made the necessary changes myself, but by now you should be able to match an article's format in your sleep. As for introducing errors, feel free to point out what they are. Nev1 (talk) 22:56, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * This article mixes inline short and long citations. Changing the format so that there is a consistent citation style is the norm. I use harvnb, harv, and sfn where appropriate and have done so for some time. When a short citation does not include a quote or a reference to another secondary source I use sfn because it auto-magically takes care of maintenance issues which named ref tags throw up when text with references is deleted/update or moved about.

 * One man's unnecessary bloat is another man's use of a consistent citation style. Personally I would not criticises someone for sloppy editing, I would rather phrase it more positively as making such accusations is not very collegiate. As for pointing out errors in the current text why not look at the changes I made to the article, they are all contained there some with hidden comments in the text to help other editors. -- PBS (talk) 00:09, 30 September 2011 (UTC)

 * PBS, my advice would be to make the content based edits you think are relevant, using the existing citation format for the article, then if you still feel strongly about it, to raise your proposal for a change in citation style on this talk page. It's quite okay to propose a change in format, but you do need to get consensus first. Hchc2009 (talk) 16:02, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your advise, however you have not addressed my assertion that it is not a change of citation style to make all the citations in an article use a consistent style. Also please answer the question I put to you, as it is not clear why you made a blanket revert. -- PBS (talk) 22:46, 29 September 2011 (UTC)

 * I think Nev1 and Johnbod's comments above capture my own thoughts well, PBS. If you don't like the way the article cites web pages, start a new section below on this page entitled "Proposal for citation change", or something similar, and progress it through consensus.Hchc2009 (talk) 06:17, 30 September 2011 (UTC)
 * Again thank you for your advise but you still have not answered my specific question to you. There seems little point in repeating a conversation in another section and forcing everyone to repeat what has been said in this section particularly when questions and points in this section have not been answered. -- PBS (talk) 07:30, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Have a look at the conversations above. When I reverted your edit of 02:48, 29 September 2011 I did so because your edit was breaching the policy in this area by changing the citation style without consensus. I pointed you in the direction of the comments by previous editors because, as Johnbod puts it, "you are clearly breaching WP:Citation with these undiscussed changes, and on an FA", and as Nev1 notes "it should be quite clear that... changing the web references is changing the format". For what's it's worth, I'd also agree with Parrot, when he notes that "you appear to be trying to impose your view of what citation styles are appropriate for an article, ignoring the fact that consistent citation formatting is commonly interpreted as not mixing template:citation and template:cite web/news/etc in the same article". Once again, I'd urge you to put forward a positive case for the changes you'd like to make. Putting them in a different section with a clear heading would make it easier for editors not currently following this dialogue to join in the debate, as the meaning of "SFN" may not be obvious to all. Hchc2009 (talk) 08:18, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
 * you write "ignoring the fact that consistent citation formatting is commonly interpreted as not mixing template:citation and template:cite web/news/etc in the same article". I made a mistake with the Keith Cima insertion (it was an oversight as I had copied from elsewhere and it is easily rectified -- just as in the same edit I rectified the "Royal Beasts at Tower of London" citation which with your edit you reverted from a template:citation to a template:cite web (I presume that was an oversight by you). You could have altered the Keith Cima cite web to a citation with a simple edit it was not necessary to revert it to correct it. -- PBS (talk) 07:26, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

 * I agree with the suggestion of Hchc2009 and others as stated above. Start a new section for clarity to propose a change of pattern if you wish.
 * The current pattern for references is:
 * citations are constructed using the Citation template
 * inline refs to items without page numbers use Citation inside ref tags
 * inline refs with page numbers use Harvnb inside ref tags, pointing to a separate Citation definition
 * the presentation of references includes the consistent absence of a terminating full stop as determined by the templates used
 * This seen as a whole is consistent. It passed the Featured Article Candidate review. The different treatment of references with and without page numbers is very common. The article is actively maintained to a high quality in accordance with the above pattern (not only by Nev1: I participated in the FAC review and have continued to watch the article since, for example). For all these reasons you must seek consensus before changing the pattern. --Mirokado (talk) 16:20, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Where in the guidelines does it say that there is such a thing as a consistent pattern? What is written in WP:CITE is "A consistent style should be used within any given article" mixing inline short and long citations is not a consistent sytle. -- PBS (talk) 01:08, 10 January 2012 (UTC)

Map
Hello,

I have just added a map of the Tower that I created for the German wikipedia article. I know the English article is a featured article, so I guess there are people watching over it. Please place the map where you think it fits best. I hope you find it useful and good enough to keep it. ;-) -- Thoroe (talk) 12:22, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

 * It looks like a very useful addition. The 1597 map was included so that a reader has an idea of the castle's layout, and while it's of historic interest could perhaps be removed since the new plan is much clearer. So what's the source for the map? Nev1 (talk) 12:32, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Thank you. I've added the sources to the file description. -- Thoroe (talk) 13:08, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I think that should be ok. I've removed the 1597 map as we don't need two plans, but hopefully I'll be able to find space for it elsewhere. I've also made it 300px wide instead of 200px. You still need to click on the image to read the labels, but it stands out a bit more now. An alternative might be to make the plan the width of the page as can be seen here (I immediately reverted, the edit was just to show how it would look). I'm not too keen on that option though as the plan is too tall, so making it say 800px wide takes up too much space in my opinion. Nev1 (talk) 13:21, 21 March 2012 (UTC)
 * PS. I've just noticed that the river is labelled "Thesme" instead of "Thames", I guess this is because you made the plan in German first. Nev1 (talk) 13:22, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Silly me! That was too obvious! Just uploaded a new version.
 * The 300px version is fine with me. Thanks for your effort. -- Thoroe (talk) 13:35, 21 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Gorgeous map - lovely work! Hchc2009 (talk) 21:34, 22 March 2012 (UTC)

Ravens
I'd like to suggest putting a link to the interesting article Ravens of the Tower of London in the See Also section. A link to Princes in the Tower would also be appropriate there, I think. Thanks. --ImizuCIR (talk) 01:12, 29 October 2012 (UTC)
 * Both articles are linked in the article. Parrot of Doom 08:32, 29 October 2012 (UTC)

Edwardian?
In the Outer ward section, it says; "archaeological investigations suggest that Legge's Mount is Edwardian". The usual British usage of "Edwardian" refers to the reign of Edward VII in the 20th century - see our Edwardian era article. I think it means Edward I, but as it has just mentioned the Tudors, it could be Edward VI. Could somebody clarify please? Alansplodge (talk) 17:07, 19 September 2013 (UTC)
 * "A third ward was created during Edward I's extension to the Tower, as the narrow enclosure completely surrounded the castle. At the same time a bastion known as Legge's Mount was built at the castle's north-west corner." Parrot of Doom 17:19, 19 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Changed to "archaeological investigations suggest that Legge's Mount dates from the reign of Edward I", hopefully that doesn't make it too repetitive. Nev1 (talk) 18:57, 19 September 2013 (UTC)
 * I've added a hatnote at the top of the Edwardian era article, btw. Hchc2009 (talk) 19:18, 19 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Thanks everyone. Alansplodge (talk) 16:27, 20 September 2013 (UTC)

Little Ease
I'm surprised to see no reference to Little Ease, the infamous tiny cell that is perhaps the most famous instrument of torture at the Tower. John M Baker (talk) 19:56, 8 October 2013 (UTC)

location of stone quarry source
The BBC " Coast" series mentioned that the stone came from a quarry in Normandy.. a huge undertaking, one would think ....this is not yet mentioned in the article... — Preceding unsigned comment added by Feroshki (talk • contribs) 03:59, 5 November 2013 (UTC)

 * According to the article, the stone from Normandy was only used to provide details in the facing. There is also some discussion of the stone used here, which appears to be RS.  John M Baker (talk) 15:20, 5 November 2013 (UTC)

 * Exactly. Importing all the stone from Normandy would have been excessive, but using it for architectural details was a powerful statement, as was the case with the White Tower (the first bit of the castle to be built in stone). The bulk of the material used to build the White Tower was sourced from closer to home, for example Kentish Ragstone. Nev1 (talk) 22:02, 7 November 2013 (UTC)

 * David Knowles' history of English Monastic Orders says somewhere (sorry for the vagueness) that many monasteries etc which were located on rivers accessible from the sea found it cheaper to import stone from France (often where their parent houses were located) than to source it in the UK. Moving stone by boat a long way was easier than moving it by cart on the then roads over much shorter distances. The same would be true of London - and Caen stone was used to build both Norwich and Canterbury Cathedrals. Caen is on the Orne near the coast and the extensive quarries themselves lay along the river Orne. Thomas Peardew (talk) 16:49, 6 February 2018 (UTC)

"Privy council had to sanction torture
I removed from this article the impossible to substantiate claim that the privy council had to sanction torture in the Tower of London. No source whatever could conceivably prove the meaning of this claim: that torture never occurred in the Tower of London without approval from the privy council. This would be like saying that beatings are "not allowed" in prisons, and therefore don't happen. I think anybody on cold reflection would see that no historical source could evidence such a proposition.

Nevertheless, somebody reverted my edit, without explanation. So perhaps this could be discussed before it is reverted again. Bluehotel (talk) 08:07, 29 January 2014 (UTC)
 * I reverted your edit and, contrary to your claim, I did give an edit summary for the reason. You altered detail that was followed by a supporting reference. Your change was not supported by that reference and therefore incorrect. Note that in order to have achieved the 'Featured Article' status the article has been given the supplied references were checked and verified by several editors, to achieve consensus for the award of the 'Featured Article'. Regardless of what you personally feel regarding the statement the consensus is that the reference and therefore the statement is correct. Accordingly I have reverted your changes back to the original wording submitted. If you believe the reference is incorrect then please first supply proof of that before altering the article. Richard Harvey (talk) 10:09, 29 January 2014 (UTC)

File:Tower of London viewed from the River Thames.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Tower of London viewed from the River Thames.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on November 29, 2015. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2015-11-29. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page. — Chris Woodrich (talk) 23:37, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

height
Everything seems to say the white tower is "87 feet excluding its' projecting corner towers". How tall are the projecting corner towers? 80.42.38.131 (talk) 11:20, 13 February 2016 (UTC)

Installation
Auto writes. There is a photo link to 'Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red'; could/should mention be made within the article proper? I would like to see such a link, quite honestly. The installation had a terrific emotional effect on many people who attended [including the present writer!]. Auto wrote - 20160725 2022Z. 109.155.108.69 (talk) 20:21, 25 July 2016 (UTC)

Why the Menagerie Closed?
Someone revised the text as to the final closing of the Menagerie and the reason.

Here are the facts as per the Tower of London's Historian: In 1835 however, Ensign Seymour, was bitten by a monkey and news of the incident reached the ears of King William IV (1830-37). After discussions with the Constable, the Duke of Wellington, it was reported that he wanted the display closed down. Dr. Malcolm Mercer, Curator of Tower History, https://royalarmouries.org/power-house/institutions-of-the-tower/menagerie

NOT a lion and an Ensign is a sailor not a soldier.

And according to The Guardian:

He was moved to the new Regent's Park zoo when the Duke of Wellington, as governor of the tower, evicted the animals on the feeble excuse that a monkey had bitten Ensign Seymour on the leg - Dr Parnell has found records which suggest that the soldier had been tormenting the monkey with a stick https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/oct/18/maevkennedy Peter K Burian (talk) 22:05, 21 July 2017 (UTC)

 * This book also confirms it was a monkey. https://books.google.ca/books?id=AuvepzgkYMgC&pg=PA34&dq=tower+of+London+Menagerie++the+tower+was+not+demolished+until+the+death+of+Copps,+the+last+keeper,+in+1853&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMypi2zZvVAhXm54MKHeLRBa4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=tower%20of%20London%20Menagerie%20%20the%20tower%20was%20not%20demolished%20until%20the%20death%20of%20Copps%2C%20the%20last%20keeper%2C%20in%201853&f=false
 * Peter K Burian (talk) 00:14, 22 July 2017 (UTC)

 * "....and an Ensign is a sailor not a soldier" - In the UK at this time, an ensign was either in the infantry or the marines, so technically a soldier either way. Thomas Peardew (talk) 07:12, 15 March 2018 (UTC)
 * I tried to find out who the monkey's friend might have been. There are ten Seymours in the 1835 Army List: three captains, two lieutenants, four ensigns and a deputy assistant commissary general. The four ensigns are Francis of the 19th Foot, Henry of the 40th Foot, Henry of the 63rd Foot (who was promoted to lieutenant on 20 February 1835) and Richard Augustus of the 49th Foot. However, in 1835 the 19th were in the West Indies and the 40th, 49th and 63rd were in India. Charles Francis Seymour (son of Horace) was commissioned as ensign in the Scots Fusilier Guards on 5 June 1835, and would seem a more likely candidate to be serving at the Tower, but as a Guards ensign he would have been referred to as Lieutenant Seymour. Opera hat (talk) 17:11, 16 September 2023 (UTC)

TFA rerun
Any objections to throwing this article into the pile of potential TFA reruns for this year and next? Any cleanup needed? Btw, a lot of the hrp.org.uk links are dead. - Dank (push to talk) 02:27, 14 September 2017 (UTC)

WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia
Hi all,

Just a quick note to let you know that I would like to voice and add this article to WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spoken_Wikipedia). --TomKocjan (talk) 19:06, 1 May 2018 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by TomKocjan (talk • contribs) 19:04, 1 May 2018 (UTC)

Royal Mint
A suggested 'room for improvement' (after reading through the article within a half hour) to this Featured Article would be more on the Royal Mint's presence in the Tower, for example where its activities would have been in relation to the premises visible today. Its presence was long-term from the reign of Edward I until its move to Tower Hill in 1805 and later East Smithfield as borne out in the account in the wiki article on the Royal Mint. The Tower is mentioned in the summary paragraphs as having been the home of the Royal Mint among other institutions and purposes, but there is no illuminating detail in the succeeding sections. I have copied in from the RM article the detail about centralisation of the mint within the Tower in 1279.Cloptonson (talk) 08:46, 2 May 2021 (UTC)

Defensive system
I wonder is there a concise account of how the integrated system was designed to operate in the event of attack. I think I've seen it briefly treated in a TV documentary. Shtove (talk) 19:06, 11 September 2021 (UTC)

Caption to scale model of the Tower
Given this is a Featured Article it's somewhat surprising to find an error in the caption to this image.

The caption read "Edward I" when it should state "Edward IV". I've now fixed. --Rupples (talk) 07:32, 30 November 2021 (UTC)

Tower of London article on the German Wikipedia
While reading through The Tower of London article here I noticed that the individual towers that partly comprise the site are not wikilinked to separate pages, e.g. Bell Tower in the Inner Ward section. I found this surprising. I searched Google for an image of Bell Tower and tracked one photo through to the German language version of Wikipedia which does have a separate page, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Tower_(London)). The German Wikipedia Tower of London page https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_London also has wikilinks to separate pages for Salt Tower, Wakefield Tower, Byward Tower and others. I thought that maybe just the wikilinks were missing here so searched for some of the individual towers on English Wikipedia. No separate pages came up other than for the White Tower. Why doesn't the English Wikipedia have separate pages for the individual towers? Is it just the obvious or am I missing something? I'm mystified. --Rupples (talk) 09:38, 4 December 2021 (UTC)

 * I think it's primarily a case of no one having got round to writing them yet! There would be a case for forking the content off to keep the main article from becoming too long. Richard Nevell (talk) 10:31, 4 December 2021 (UTC)

When I visited the German article the Google translate button appeared and so I translated the German to English. Would it be permissable to take the translated text as the basis for an English version here? I wouldn't mind having a go at starting a new page on say the Bell Tower. It would be my first attempt at a new article. (I'm reticent to start a new article from scratch but feel this might be a progression.) The editable source text is of course in German so I would have to copy the translated English text and reword any errors in translation. Is there a potential copyright issue with this approach? Is it permissable under Wikipedia rules? Would it be plagiarism? Are there other pitfalls? Rupples (talk) 11:51, 4 December 2021 (UTC)
 * As the text is available under an open licence, you can translate it as long as you give attribution to the source, eg: in an edit summary. It's a bit like when copying text within Wikipedia. As you have made more than 500 edits and your account is more than 30 days old, it might be worth trying the Content Translation Tool. You'll have to activate it in your preferences. One important tip is to be careful with machine translations. Richard Nevell (talk) 12:14, 4 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks so much for your advice. I'll go and read the attribution article and take a look at the translation tool. Just one further question, should I still be stuck at some point (after trying self-help through Wikipedia pages), is there a point of contact to get tailored help with an article's creation? Rupples (talk) 12:41, 4 December 2021 (UTC)
 * The Teahouse is always a good place to ask; I'd volunteer myself, but there's not guarantee I'll be around at any given point! Richard Nevell (talk) 13:42, 4 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Great! I've got a query on another matter so will give The Teahouse a try. Muchas gracias. Rupples (talk) 14:00, 4 December 2021 (UTC)

Garrison section
I'm finding this section a bit confusing. It begins with "The Yeomen Warders provided the permanent garrison of the Tower" - but they still do, don't they? Also, from what date did the Yeoman Warders provide the garrison? --Rupples (talk) 16:46, 17 December 2021 (UTC)

I see what's happened. The sentence has been lifted from the Yeoman Warders section. Unfortunately the background and context for the statement is missing. Rupples (talk) 16:28, 18 December 2021 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Tower of London in popular culture
Attempt to merge this back here. And did they tell you about it? No, of course not. Johnbod (talk) 16:21, 16 April 2022 (UTC)
 * It's rather telling that you think those who watch this page would be alarmed by that prospect. Perhaps content like "in the 2005 Christmas special "The Christmas Invasion", it was the secret headquarters of the fictional military organization UNIT. The UNIT base also reappeared in the 2012 episode The Power of Three." is content that can safely be deleted? AusLondonder (talk) 12:58, 17 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Most of the dross on that page will have to be culled per WP:Verify, this being a featured article... Firebrace (talk) 20:39, 19 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Just to note we now have a great new section successfully and skillfully added by at Tower of London. A vast improvement on the mess we had at the seperate article. AusLondonder (talk) 03:06, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
 * No it isn't - it just covers what one might call folk legends. Nothing on literary, artistic, film etc portrayals. Poor show. Johnbod (talk) 03:13, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Poems, comics and Shakespeare. But nevertheless if you feel something has been missed, add it. AusLondonder (talk) 03:22, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Seriously? Johnbod (talk) 11:26, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
 * But with secondary, not primary, sources, please. Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 09:19, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
 * No, I'm not going to, because I'm too busy stopping you two further degrading WP, and writing my own stuff. Plus there is so much to add it would unbalance the article. But it is a very poor effort, managing to omit by far the biggest folklore elements around the Tower (ravens, Princes in the Tower) though they are mentioned elsewhere. This fully confirms my concerns about the way Afd is being used by a crowd of deletionist drive-bys to foist inferior stuff onto FAs. Johnbod (talk) 11:26, 22 April 2022 (UTC)

CS1-Parameters
Hi Nikkimaria, you have reverted the majority of my valid edit to restore CS1 parameter aliases which are not the preferred usage. My original edit meets requirements as discussed here, WP:CS1, and elsewhere where the CS1/2 templates are documented. The link you have used here is to a nearly two-year old bot use discussion and AFAICS has no bearing on my original edit. You need to come up with a effective reason as to why you reverted the majority of my original edit. Neils51 (talk) 11:21, 19 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Hi Neils51, as the RfC linked makes clear, the unhyphenated format is valid and should not be deprecated, which is why CS1 does not support the original edit. Additionally, because of the community consensus found at that discussion to continue allowing use of the unhyphenated format, your use of AWB for that edit was invalid per WP:AWBRULES point 3 and should not be continued or repeated. There's certainly no effective reason to reinstate the disputed original edit. Nikkimaria (talk) 00:54, 20 November 2022 (UTC)

One discussion in one place please.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 15:38, 22 November 2022 (UTC)

Hi Trappist, do you agree with this editor’s stance here? Looking at this discussion, MJL’s close suggests “In the meantime, any editor should feel free to manually or semi-automatically change unhyphenated parameters into their hyphenated forms while they're doing something else on a page”. There is further discussion below the close, a request of a close review (continued elsewhere) however I have not sighted any material which negates the close. Your thoughts please? I also placed a note here re one of your edits, not sure if you have seen it. Neils51 (talk) 08:32, 22 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Probably not. Editor Nikkimaria wrote: the unhyphenated format is valid and should not be deprecated.  The unhyphenated parameters access-date, archive-date, and archive-url are  deprecated; replacing those parameter with their canonical forms is not an act of deprecation.  When a cs1|2 template uses a deprecated parameter, cs1|2 emits a red error message and adds the article to ; your edit did not cause red error messages and did not add Tower of London to Category:CS1 errors: deprecated parameters.  Editor Nikkimaria continued: which is why CS1 does not support the original edit.  I presume that original edit is your edit.  I do not know how it can be that CS1 does not support your edit.  If cs1|2 did not support the original edit, there would be a lot of cs1|2 templates emitting red error messages or the templates would be so horribly broken as to be non-functional.
 * As part of the revert of your edit, Editor Nikkimaria changed these tags:
 * It is not clear to me how those changes were beneficial because html tags are not allowed to nest within a self-closed html tag.
 * Editor MJL's close was overturned; Editor Joe Roe's close is the close of record. The close of record says: Bot removal of non-hyphenated parameters from transclusions, i.e. Monkbot task 18, does not have community consensus.  You are not a bot and your are certainly not User:Monkbot so I do not read that close as a prohibition disallowing the hyphenation of unhyphenated parameters.  So long as the edit is not wholly cosmetic, I think that edits that switch unhyphenated parameters to their canonical hyphenated forms are permitted.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:38, 22 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks appreciate you input. Neils51 (talk) 00:33, 23 November 2022 (UTC)
 * which is why CS1 does not support the original edit was in response to Neils51's claim that "My original edit meets requirements as discussed here, WP:CS1". There is nothing there supporting the original change. Additionally there is the issue of AWBRULES: the edits in question lack demonstrable consensus. Nikkimaria (talk) 01:01, 23 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Editor MJL's close was overturned; Editor Joe Roe's close is the close of record. The close of record says: Bot removal of non-hyphenated parameters from transclusions, i.e. Monkbot task 18, does not have community consensus.  You are not a bot and your are certainly not User:Monkbot so I do not read that close as a prohibition disallowing the hyphenation of unhyphenated parameters.  So long as the edit is not wholly cosmetic, I think that edits that switch unhyphenated parameters to their canonical hyphenated forms are permitted.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:38, 22 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks appreciate you input. Neils51 (talk) 00:33, 23 November 2022 (UTC)
 * which is why CS1 does not support the original edit was in response to Neils51's claim that "My original edit meets requirements as discussed here, WP:CS1". There is nothing there supporting the original change. Additionally there is the issue of AWBRULES: the edits in question lack demonstrable consensus. Nikkimaria (talk) 01:01, 23 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tower of London


text:
User:Weide

Links of Interest

 * DFW, Texas

Topics of Interest

 * Logical Reasoning - Artificial Intelligence and Expert systems
 * Process and Procedure - Project Development, Robert's Rules of Order
 * Philosophies

title: User:Weide


text:
Talk:Spigot (disambiguation)

Untitled
I (blt) substantially modified this page, and forked two off of it. Please contact me if you wish to speak to me about what I've done.

On the repeated removal of SpigotMC
First of all, I'm quite new to Wikipedia am am sorry if I should have posted this on the talk page of User:Largoplazo. Anyways, I'm referring to a revision by the mentioned user, which reverts my addition of SpigotMC, the performance-optimized Minecraft server implementation. The user states in their revision message: (Reverted 1 edit by Literallie (talk): Removing fourth addition of reference to a non-notable server.) that Spigot was non-notable. I disagree with that, since the usage of Spigot actually improves performance a lot and is also used by a lot of big (I mean the one with >500 players online at all times here) Minecraft servers (citation needed). Also, as you can see on this McStats chart, about 20% (as of May 9, 2014) of all Bukkit servers are run by Spigot, making it the most-used fork of CraftBukkit. Apart from that, the Spigot forums are also used by a lot of server owners, making them a great place to find help related to Spigot, but also related to Minecraft in general and for general discussion. It may also be required to mention that the SpigotMC Resources section features more than 400 resources (read: plugins) related to Minecraft (also as of May 9, 2014). I am open for discussions, but I really think that Spigot needs to be mentioned on Wikipedia. --Literallie (talk) 19:10, 9 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I'm afraid you've misunderstood the problem. Wikipedia isn't concerned with how terrific something is, but whether it's notable in the sense that Wikipedia uses the term. See WP: Notability. Broadly speaking, before something is mentioned on Wikipedia, Wikipedia wants it to have already been mentioned in a substantial way in multiple reliable sources. I was unable to find suitable sources.  —Largo Plazo (talk) 22:15, 9 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Some more detail: The purpose of a Wikipedia disambiguation page is to assist users in navigating Wikipedia by distinguishing among articles, not among things that are out there in the world. There is no article about SpigotMC, nor any that gives information about SpigotMC. That's why it's incorrect to add an entry, at this time, for SpigotMC to this page. See MOS:DAB for more information. —Largo Plazo (talk) 12:32, 22 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spigot (disambiguation)


text:
USS Worden (DD-16)

The first USS Worden (DD-16) was a Truxtun-class destroyer in the United States Navy. She was named for Admiral John Lorimer Worden. It was the first US ship equipped with a stabilizer.

Built in Sparrows Point, Maryland
Worden was laid down at Sparrows Point, Maryland, on 13 November 1899 by the Maryland Steel Company; launched on 15 August 1901; sponsored by Mrs. Daniel F. Worden, the daughter-in-law of Rear Admiral Worden; and commissioned on 17 March 1903.

Pre-World War I
Worden passed her final acceptance test on 18 July and began duty with the 2nd Torpedo Flotilla, based at Norfolk, Virginia. For more than four years, she remained a unit of the 2nd Torpedo Flotilla and conducted operations along the eastern seaboard from Maine south to the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Annually, she participated in the Fleet maneuvers held in the warm waters of the Caribbean.

On 18 November 1907, the warship was placed in reserve at the Norfolk Navy Yard. As a unit of the Reserve Torpedo Flotilla, she was berthed first at Norfolk and, later, at Charleston, South Carolina. Save for a six-month interlude from May to November 1909 when she was returned to full commission, Worden remained inactive until 1912. Then, though still in reserve, she was loaned to the Pennsylvania Naval Militia for training purposes and was stationed at Philadelphia until returned to Charleston and the Reserve Torpedo Flotilla the following year.

Sometime in 1914, the torpedo-boat destroyer became a tender to the Atlantic Fleet Submarine Force and continued to operate in support of submarines until sometime in March 1917 when she was sent to New York on special duty in connection with a recruiting campaign necessitated by the probability that the United States would enter World War I. In June, she was reassigned back to her own type command as a unit of Division B, Destroyer Force; however, she continued her recruiting duty at New York through the end of the year.

World War I
On 16 January 1918, Worden got underway for Europe in company with USS Hopkins (DD-6), USS Macdonough (DD-9), USS Paul Jones (DD-10), and USS Stewart (DD-13). She steamed with them - via Bermuda - to Ponta Delgada in the Azores, where she arrived on 29 January. There, Worden and Stewart parted company with the other three warships and were put to sea again on 4 February to continue on to the French coast. They reached Brest on the 9th and soon thereafter began escorting coastal convoys and hunting for enemy U-boats. During the remaining nine months of World War I, Worden maintained a grueling schedule escorting convoys between ports on the French coast.

Inter-war period
On 18 December 1918, about five weeks after the 11 November armistice, she stood out of Brest in company with USS Flusser (DD-20), Stewart, and USS Whipple (DD-15) to return home. Following refueling and provisioning stops in the Azores and at Bermuda, she and her traveling companions arrived at Philadelphia on 3 January 1919. She remained in commission for a little over six months, probably at Philadelphia. In any event, Worden was placed out of commission there on 13 July, and her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 15 September. In 1920, on the first anniversary of her return home, 3 January, she was sold to Henry A. Hitner's Sons Company of Philadelphia for conversion to mercantile service.

Worden retained her former name while in mercantile service. On 1 May 1942, she was steaming off the Florida coast when the nearby British freighter La Paz, en route from Liverpool, England, and Hampton Roads, VA, to Valparaiso, Chile, was torpedoed by the German submarine U-109 (Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Bleichrodt). Worden stood by the damaged vessel and towed her toward Jacksonville. Although Bleichrodt claimed both ships as sunk, Worden with a torpedo meant for La Paz, both ships survived, La Paz salvaged and resuming service, the fruit carrier continuing in that trade into the post-war period.

Noteworthy commanding officers

 * Ensign William R. Munroe (1912-Unknown) (Later Vice admiral)
 * Lieutenant commander Oscar C. Badger II (August 1918-October 1918) (Later Admiral)

title: USS Worden (DD-16)


text:
Perins School

Perins School (formerly named Perins Community School and Perin's Grammar School) is an academy, sports college and secondary school in New Alresford, Hampshire, England. The school was founded in 1696 by Henry Perin.

Performance
Perins has been a well performing school, achieving GCSE pass rates well above the national average. 72% of pupils obtained five or more GCSES grade C or above including maths and English in 2009, compared with the national average of 47.6%. In 2000, OFSTED reported that pupils' attainment had risen from "above average" to "well above average". In the 2010 OFSTED inspection report it was given outstanding status. In 2013, it was given good status.

Houses
The houses used to be named after space shuttles.
 * Challenger
 * Discovery
 * Endeavour

However, in 2016, the new headteacher (Steve Jones) added a new house and changed the names of the existing ones. The changes and addition are as follows:
 * Ignis house (fire in Latin) formerly Endeavour (red)
 * Terra house (earth in Latin) formerly Challenger (green)
 * Ventus house (wind in Latin) formerly Discovery (yellow)
 * Aqua house (water in Latin) the new house (purple)

Seven main buildings

 * Pascal: (Media and English classrooms and the LRC/library)
 * Eliot: (Geography, Art, ICT and RE / Philosophy & Ethics classrooms, as well as the main staff room and other offices) - Eliot and Pascal were built in the 70s.
 * Rousseau: The original school house (Modern foreign languages and History classrooms, as well as the site management)
 * Ibsen: (Music classroom and practice rooms)
 * Newton: (Science 'laboratories '/classrooms and Prep rooms)
 * Stephenson: (Technology classrooms. This consists of the resistant materials workshop classrooms; the Computing room for the technology department and the food tech and textiles rooms).
 * The buildings' names are combined to create the acronym of the school's name, PERINS, and are consequentially in order as you move from the top to the bottom of the school.
 * Turing: A new block behind Evolution, was built to accommodate the growing maths department. Upon completing the new building, Pascal became entirely for the English department, construction began in late 2013 and was finished by the Summer Term of 2014.

Other buildings

 * The Hub and Ibsen: (Drama studios and Music classroom)
 * Evolution: (The gym, the dance studio and the PE theory classroom)
 * School office: (The senior management staff have their offices here, as well as the main office, the finances office and the photocopying room)
 * Connected to the school office: (Pastoral, Learning support and the PE office)
 * Sports Hall: To the back of Stephenson, there is an additional building which holds what is known as the sports hall (this is where examinations and other events/activities are held, in addition to sporting activities)

Head teacher
Since 2015, the headteacher has been Steve Jones.

Feeder schools
Cheriton Primary, Four Marks Primary, Ropley Primary, Preston Candover Primary, Sun Hill Junior School and Medstead Primary feed into Perins School.

Notable alumni

 * Gina Beck, West End musical leading lady
 * Alexa Chung, television presenter, former model, fashionista.
 * Chris Geere, actor on BBC Drama series Waterloo Road playing the role of Matt Wilding.
 * Kerry Howard, comedy actress and sister of Russell Howard, performed as Laura in the popular BBC Three comedy series Him & Her and Vicki in the 2009 BBC One sitcom Reggie Perrin.
 * Russell Howard, stand up comedian Russell Howard's Good News and regular on BBC comedy series Mock the Week.
 * Dan Kieran, author (Crap Towns) and travel journalist for The Times
 * Derek Warwick Formula One racing driver

title: Perins School


text:
Don Pease

Donald James Pease (September 26, 1931 – July 28, 2002) was an American politician. He served eight terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio's 13th District, an area in northeast Ohio. He was a Democrat.

Education and early life
Pease was born in Toledo, Ohio. He attended Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, supporting himself through college by working summers as a laborer at a Toledo oil refinery. Pease was the president of the student body, the editor of the student newspaper (The Post), and a student reporter for the Athens Messenger. He was a member of Delta Tau Delta Fraternity. He graduated from Ohio University with a bachelor's degree in journalism in 1953. He earned a master's degree in government from Ohio University in 1955 and completed graduate work as a Fulbright Scholar at King's College, Durham University.

After serving two years in the U.S. Army from 1955 to 1957, Pease moved to Oberlin, Ohio. Pease became editor and copublisher of the weekly local newspaper, Oberlin News-Tribune. He was a member of the International Society of Weekly Newspaper Editors (ISWNE), winning ISWNE's Golden Quill Award for editorial writing in 1962 and serving as president of the Society in 1965.

Political career
Pease's political career began with his election to the Oberlin City Council in 1961. He served in the Ohio Senate from 1965 to 1967. Redistricting contributed to his defeat in the 1966 election, but in 1968, he was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives, where he served from 1969 to 1975. In 1974, he was again elected to the Ohio Senate, where he served from 1975 to 1977.

Early in his career, Pease established a reputation for honesty and integrity, which he maintained throughout his political career. Pease was a member of the Democratic Party and was regarded as a liberal (supporting progressive tax reform, advocating for universal human rights, linking respect for internationally recognized worker rights to international trade, aid, and investment agreements, upholding civil liberties, emphasizing education reform, and other liberal causes). He was well respected as a reasonable and ethical public servant, even by his conservative colleagues, who saw him as a "straight arrow."

In 1976, Pease was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives (95th Congress). He served eight terms in Congress, easily winning all eight elections in the Democratic-leaning 13th Congressional District of Ohio. His long-time Chief of Staff and Legislative Director was Bill Goold whom Pease had hired upon his graduation from Oberlin College.

Uganda trade ban
Pease quickly distinguished himself as a skillful legislator and staunch human rights advocate. Over the opposition of the Carter Administration, Pease, in his first term of Congress, sponsored legislation, which passed, to cut off US trade with Uganda, which was enduring a brutal reign of terror at the hands of the infamous dictator Idi Amin in which at least 500,000 Ugandans perished.

Within months of the establishment of the enactment of the trade ban, Amin was deposed. The trade ban resulted in the sudden loss of hundreds of million of dollars in hard currency to Amin, mostly from coffee exports to the US, which had been used by Amin to buy arms, luxury goods, and the loyalty of his mercenary army. It is widely considered one of the best examples of the most effective uses of economic sanctions in modern US foreign policy.

Trade-linked workers' rights
Pease was the legislative champion of the rapidly growing movement inside and outside of Congress in the early 1980s to link respect for internationally recognized workers' rights, such as prohibiting exploitative child labor in the production of products for export, to international trade, investment and aid agreements to which the US is a party. He successfully authored six different laws in this regard before he left Congress.

Tax legislation
Pease authored controversial legislation within the United States Internal Revenue Code (income tax code) that partially disallowed itemized deductions for taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes above certain thresholds, known as the "Pease Limitations."

Later life
Pease decided not to run for re-election in 1992. After leaving Congress, he taught as Visiting Distinguished Professor of Politics at Oberlin College. He was also appointed by Bill Clinton to the Amtrak Board of Directors and served five years.

Pease married Jeanne Camille Wendt August 29, 1953, who still resides in Oberlin. One daughter, Jennifer, was born on August 30, 1964.

Pease died in Oberlin, July 28, 2002.

title: Don Pease