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Jason Witten

Christopher Jason Witten (born May 6, 1982) is an American former professional football tight end for 17 seasons, primarily for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He currently is the head football coach at Liberty Christian School in Argyle, Texas. He played college football for the University of Tennessee, and was drafted by the Cowboys in the third round of the 2003 NFL draft. Witten ranks second in all-time career receptions and receiving yards by an NFL tight end, trailing only Tony Gonzalez. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest tight ends of all time.

Initially retiring in 2018, he became a color analyst for ESPN's Monday Night Football. After working as an ESPN color analyst for the 2018 season, Witten returned to the NFL for the 2019 season, reuniting with the Cowboys. Witten then joined the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 season. Witten afterward retired again but signed a one-day contract to retire as a member of the Cowboys.

Early life
Witten has one cousin, Triston Witten, and two older brothers, Ryan and Shawn. All were raised in Washington D.C., but attended Elizabethton High School in Elizabethton, Tennessee. Witten's father, a 6'8", 300 lb. mailman, became addicted to alcohol and drugs when Witten was 6 and became abusive toward Witten's mother, Kim, and Witten's older brothers. When Witten was 11, he moved to Elizabethton to live with his grandparents. His grandfather, Dave Rider, was the coach of the football team where Witten was a two-way player, playing linebacker and tight end.

Witten became a three-year starter playing both linebacker and tight end, while helping his team reach the state semi-finals three times. As a senior linebacker, he finished the season with 163 tackles (registering a career school record 450), nine sacks, two interceptions, five forced fumbles, three fumble recoveries, and two blocked kicks. That year, he received several accolades: All-American, All-State (also as a junior), USA Today Player of the Year for Tennessee, East Tennessee Player of the Year, Region Defensive Player of the Year and runner-up for the Mr. Football award. He had 26 receptions and 14 touchdowns on offense. He also played basketball, where he averaged 15 points and 12 rebounds per game.

2000 season
In 2000, Witten accepted a scholarship to the University of Tennessee, with the promise from head coach Phillip Fulmer that he would be played at defensive end. Witten began his first year playing special teams and also saw time as a second-string defensive end.

After injuries impacted the depth at the tight end position, he was moved to the offensive side midway through the season. Although Witten did not agree with the change and even considered transferring, he eventually came around and was used primarily as a blocker while he learned the position. He also started in his first two games. As a freshman, he appeared in 12 games and recorded one reception on the season, which went for 11 yards in a 70–3 victory over Louisiana–Monroe.

2001 season
Witten appeared in all 13 games as a sophomore, catching 28 passes for 293 yards and two touchdowns. He scored his first collegiate touchdown in a 35–24 victory over Alabama in their annual rivalry game. Witten had 125 receiving yards and a touchdown in Tennessee's Citrus Bowl victory over Michigan. Witten's performance in the 45–17 victory marked the third most receiving yards in a bowl game in Tennessee history.

2002 season
As a junior, Witten had a breakout year, setting school records for a tight end in receptions (39) and receiving yards (493) with five touchdowns, including one of the most memorable receptions in school history, a game-winning touchdown in the sixth overtime against Arkansas. He received All-SEC (SEC) and Academic All-SEC honors after leading the conference's tight ends in receptions and receiving yards. He was a semifinalist for the John Mackey Tight End Award.

Even though he decided to enter the NFL draft after his junior season and had played the position in only 20 games, Witten left ranked third all-time among the school's tight ends with 68 career receptions and fourth all-time with 797 receiving yards.

Legacy
Following the 2017 college football season, Witten's name was placed on a college football award. The Jason Witten Collegiate Man of the Year award honors a player who shows strong leadership qualities on and off the field.

2003 season
Witten was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the third round with the 69th overall pick in the 2003 NFL draft. He was the fifth tight end selected that year. Although the Cowboys had a first-round grade on Witten, when their turn came in the first and second rounds, they selected cornerback Terrence Newman and Al Johnson based on team needs. Undrafted free agent Tony Romo was another rookie who also arrived in Dallas in 2003 and would go on to become Witten's teammate throughout their careers, as well as his roommate during future team training camps and travel games.

Entering the league as a 20-year-old rookie, one of the youngest players in the NFL, Witten started seven of the 15 games he played in. On September 7, he made his NFL debut in a 27–13 loss to the Atlanta Falcons, where he had one reception for 13 yards. Witten suffered a fractured jaw against the Arizona Cardinals, after being hit by Ronald McKinnon and Ray Thompson, which required surgery to have three plates inserted to help the healing. He only missed one game and continued to play through the injury. Head coach Bill Parcells complimented Witten on his toughness. Witten was named to the NFL All-Rookie Team for the 2003 season.

Witten finished his rookie year with 35 receptions for 347 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown. He made his playoff debut in the Wild Card Round against the Carolina Panthers. He had four receptions for 30 yards in the 29–10 loss.

2004 season
Witten had a breakout season in 2004, finishing with 87 receptions for 980 receiving yards and six receiving touchdowns. His 87 receptions led the NFC and were the 11th most in NFL history by a tight end and a Cowboys team record for the position. In Week 7, against the Green Bay Packers, he had eight receptions for 112 receiving yards and one touchdown in the 41–20 loss. On November 15, against the Philadelphia Eagles, he had nine receptions for 133 yards and two touchdowns in Week 10. He was selected to his first Pro Bowl.

2005 season
Witten finished sixth in the NFL among tight ends in total receptions and became the first Cowboys tight end to have at least 65 receptions in consecutive seasons. He had 66 receptions for 757 receiving yards and six touchdown receptions for the 9–7 Cowboys in 2005. As a result of his successful season, he was named to his second Pro Bowl.

2006 season
At the end of the 2006 season, Witten became just the tenth tight end in NFL history to post three consecutive seasons with at least 60 receptions. He registered 64 receptions for 754 yards and one touchdown, while being named to his third Pro Bowl in as many seasons.

On July 22, Witten signed a six-year, $29 million contract extension through 2012. The deal contained $12 million guaranteed, including a $6 million signing bonus and a $6 million option bonus in the second year.

2007 season
Witten had a career year in 2007, breaking his own single-season Cowboys tight end record for receptions with 96 and becoming the first franchise tight end to reach 1,000 receiving yards in a season. He became the third tight end in NFL history with 96 or more catches. He started the season off strong with six receptions for 116 receiving yards and a touchdown in a 45–35 victory over the New York Giants in Week 1. In the Week 9 game on November 4, while playing on the road against the Philadelphia Eagles, he made a 53-yard reception after losing his helmet. On December 9 against the Detroit Lions in Week 14, Witten's 15 receptions tied an NFL record held by Hall of Famer Kellen Winslow Sr., for most receptions in a game by a tight end in NFL history. In the following game against the Eagles in Week 15, Witten became the first Dallas tight end ever to gain over 1,000 receiving yards in a season. Witten was also one of the NFL-record 13 Cowboys players selected to the Pro Bowl. He was named as a First-team All-Pro for the 2007 season. Witten was nominated for the 2007 Walter Payton NFL Man of the Year Award, which was won by Jason Taylor.

The Cowboys made the playoffs with a 13–3 record, winning the NFC East and earning the top seed in the NFC. In the Divisional Round against the New York Giants, he had seven receptions for 81 yards in the 21–17 loss.

2008 season
In Week 2, Witten recorded seven receptions for 110 receiving yards in the 41–37 victory over the Philadelphia Eagles. Witten made his 400th NFL reception in the Cowboys' Thanksgiving Day game against the Seattle Seahawks in Week 13 as part of a nine-reception, 115-yard, one-touchdown performance. On December 28, against the Eagles in Week 17, he completed a 42-yard pass to Terrell Owens for the first pass of his NFL career. Witten posted 81 receptions, which ranked 13th in the NFL for 2008, 952 yards, four touchdowns, and was named a starter for the 2008 Pro Bowl.

2009 season
Witten recorded his first 100-yard game of the 2009 season in Week 12 against the Oakland Raiders. In the 24–7 victory, he had five receptions for 107 receiving yards. In the following game, against the New York Giants, he had 14 receptions for 156 receiving yards in the 31–24 loss. In Week 16, against the Washington Redskins, he had six receptions for 117 receiving yards in the 17–0 victory. Overall, Witten recorded another Pro Bowl season, making 94 receptions for 1,030 yards and two touchdowns while starting all 16 games. He was given the NFL Iron Man Award.

The Cowboys finished with a 11–5 record and made the playoffs. In the Wild Card Round against the Philadelphia Eagles, he had four receptions for 27 receiving yards in the 34–14 victory. In the Divisional Round against the Minnesota Vikings, he had ten receptions for 98 receiving yards in the 34–3 loss.

2010 season
Witten banged his head on the turf after making a catch in a Week 2 loss against the Chicago Bears. He was forced to miss the rest of the game with a concussion.

In a Week 15 game against the Washington Redskins, Witten became the fastest tight end to make 600 receptions (125 games). He accomplished this with a 10-catch, 140-yard, one-touchdown day at home. He received his seventh consecutive Pro Bowl selection when he was named as the starting tight end for the NFC.

At the end of the season, Witten was named tight end of the Year by the NFL Alumni Association.

Overall, Witten finished the 2010 season with 94 receptions for 1,002 yards and nine touchdowns. He was named as a First-team All-Pro for the second time in his career. He was ranked No. 36 by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2011.

2011 season
Witten started the 2011 season with consecutive 100-yard receiving games in a loss to the New York Jets and a victory over San Francisco 49ers. On November 13, in Week 10 against the Buffalo Bills, Witten surpassed Ozzie Newsome to become the tight end with the third most receptions in NFL history with 663. Witten finished the season with 79 receptions for 942 receiving yards and five touchdowns playing in all 16 games. He was ranked 75th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2012.

2012 season
On August 13, 2012, Witten suffered a lacerated spleen in the preseason opener against the Oakland Raiders and missed the rest of the preseason. There was talk that the seriousness of the injury could keep him out of action for a considerable time.

On September 5, Witten battled back and was able to play in the season opener, catching two passes for 10 yards in a 24–17 victory over the New York Giants. Witten's availability for the game was in question due to the spleen injury he suffered during the preseason, but he was active for the game after being medically cleared to play.

During Week 2 against the Seattle Seahawks, Witten caught four passes for 58 yards. He finished the game with 702 career receptions to become just the second player in franchise history to reach 700 catches and the third tight end in NFL history to do so. Witten became the fastest tight end to reach 700 catches, reaching the milestone in 145 games. Witten became the youngest wide receiver/tight end to reach 700 catches at 30 years and 133 days. This record was later broken in Week 3 by Cardinals' wide receiver Larry Fitzgerald who totaled 707 career catches with 29 years, 23 days. His 58-yard performance gave him 7,977 receiving yards for his career passing former Cowboy Jackie Smith for fourth all-time in receiving yards among tight ends.

After Week 3, Witten passed Ozzie Newsome for third place all-time in receiving yards among tight ends. In Week 8, a 29–24 loss to the New York Giants, Witten caught a career-high 18 passes for a career-high 167 yards. This is also a record for receptions by a tight end; the previous record of 15 receptions was set by Kellen Winslow in 1984.

On November 4, in Week 9 against the Atlanta Falcons, Witten set the Cowboys' all-time receptions record of 754, surpassing Michael Irvin's previous record of 750.

On December 23, in Week 16 against the New Orleans Saints, Witten set the NFL single-season record for receptions by a tight end (103), breaking the previous record of 102 receptions, which had been set by Tony Gonzalez in 2004. He extended the record to 110 in the season finale.

On December 26, Witten was selected to his eighth Pro Bowl. For the second time in his career, Witten was nominated for the Walter Payton Man of the Year Award, this time winning the award and the $25,000 donation to his charity. Overall, he finished the 2012 season with 110 receptions for 1,039 yards and three touchdowns. His 110 receptions were the second-most in franchise history behind Michael Irvin (111 in 1995) and ranked fifth in the NFL for the season. He was ranked 41st among his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2013.

2013 season
In the regular season opener against the New York Giants, Witten had two receiving touchdowns in the 36–31 victory. In Week 2 against the Kansas City Chiefs, Witten surpassed Shannon Sharpe with the second most receptions as a tight end in NFL history. His three catches during the game brought his career total to 817. In Week 5, against the Denver Broncos, he had seven receptions for 121 receiving yards and one touchdown in the 51–48 shootout loss. In Week 12, in the second divisional game against the Giants, he added two more receiving touchdowns in the 24–21 victory. In the season finale against the Philadelphia Eagles, he had 12 receptions for 135 yards in the 24–22 loss. He finished the 2013 season with starts in all 16 games. He recorded 73 receptions for 851 yards and eight touchdowns. He was named to the Pro Bowl for the ninth time in his career. He was ranked 98th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2014.

2014 season
In a Week 5 game against the Houston Texans on October 5, Witten became only the third tight end with 10,000 career receiving yards, joining Shannon Sharpe and Tony Gonzalez.

Witten became the all-time leader for consecutive starts by a tight end after he started against the Seattle Seahawks in Week 6. In that same game, he also became the second tight end in NFL history to reach 900 receptions.

In Week 7, Witten had 27 yards against the New York Giants to move his career receiving yards to 10,065 to pass Shannon Sharpe (10,060) for the second-most receiving yards by an NFL tight end. In Week 16, Witten sprained his knee against the Indianapolis Colts but was still able to play in the season finale against the Washington Redskins.

That season, the Cowboys emphasized the running game and although his receiving production declined, his blocking was noticed while helping DeMarco Murray lead the NFL in rushing. Witten finished with 60 receptions for 654 yards and five touchdowns. He was named to his tenth career Pro Bowl for his 2014 season. He was ranked 93rd by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2015.

2015 season
In the regular season opener against the New York Giants, Witten had eight receptions for 60 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns in the 27–26 victory. In Week 2 against the Philadelphia Eagles, Witten suffered a right knee injury and two sprained ankles but was able to only miss a play and a half. On November 22, against the Miami Dolphins he became the franchise's iron man, playing his 196th consecutive game and surpassing Bob Lilly. Two weeks later, in a Monday Night Football game against the Washington Redskins, Witten became the 12th player and second tight end in NFL history to reach 1,000 receptions. The only other tight end with 1,000 or more catches is Tony Gonzalez. On December 27, in Week 16 against the Buffalo Bills, he set the Cowboys record with his 118th consecutive game with a reception, passing Michael Irvin.

During the 2015 season, Witten was asked to be more involved in the blocking than usual, because of the team playing with four different starting quarterbacks with varying degrees of knowledge of the offense. He started all 16 games and led the Cowboys with 77 receptions for 713 yards and three touchdowns.

2016 season
Against the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 8, Witten caught the game-winning touchdown in overtime, making him the first player in franchise history to score in 14 seasons. In Week 9, against the Cleveland Browns, he had eight receptions for 134 receiving yards and one touchdown in the 35–10 victory. He finished the season 16 receiving yards shy of Michael Irvin's all-time franchise record. Overall, Witten started all 16 games and finished the regular season with 69 receptions for 673 receiving yards and three touchdowns. He caught his first career post-season touchdown from Dak Prescott in the Cowboys' 34–31 Divisional Round loss to the Green Bay Packers.

2017 season
On March 28, 2017, Witten signed a four-year contract extension with the Cowboys through the 2021 season.

During a Week 1 19–3 victory against the New York Giants on Sunday Night Football, Witten recorded the Cowboys' lone touchdown. In addition, he passed Michael Irvin for most career receiving yards in franchise history and also became the third player in NFL history to have at least 150 catches against one team, joining Jerry Rice and Larry Fitzgerald. On September 17, in Week 2 against the Denver Broncos, Witten had ten receptions for 97 yards and a touchdown in the 42–17 defeat. He started all 16 games and finished the season with 63 receptions for 560 yards and five touchdowns, on his way to his 11th Pro Bowl, which tied a Cowboys record with Bob Lilly.

Initial retirement
On April 26, 2018, reports surfaced that Witten was going to retire and accept a position as the lead analyst for ESPN's Monday Night Football telecasts. A week later, Witten officially announced his retirement and confirmed he would be joining Monday Night Football for the 2018 season.

Dallas Cowboys (second stint)
On February 28, 2019, ESPN announced that Witten would return to the Cowboys on a one-year, $4.5 million deal, and leave his Monday Night Football position at the company. In his return to the gridiron, Witten had three receptions for 15 yards and a receiving touchdown in the 35–17 victory over the New York Giants in the Cowboys' 2019 regular season opener. Overall, in the 2019 season, Witten started all 16 games and recorded 63 receptions for 529 receiving yards and four receiving touchdowns.

Las Vegas Raiders
On March 25, 2020, Witten signed a one-year contract with the Las Vegas Raiders. In Week 4, against the Buffalo Bills, he had his first touchdown as a Raider on a three-yard reception from quarterback Derek Carr. He was fined US$15000 by the NFL on October 5, 2020, for attending a maskless charity event hosted by teammate Darren Waller during the COVID-19 pandemic in violation of the NFL's COVID-19 protocols for the 2020 season. In the 2020 season, he started seven games and recorded 13 receptions for 69 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns.

Second retirement
On January 27, 2021, Witten once again announced his retirement from the NFL and stated his intention to sign a one day contract to retire as a member of the Cowboys.

NFL records and achievements

 * Most career NFL games played by a tight end: 271
 * Most receptions in a single game by a tight end: 18 (October 28, 2012)
 * 2012 Walter Payton NFL Man of the Year Award winner
 * 4th in receptions in NFL history: 1,228 (as of 2021)
 * Most consecutive games played by a tight end: 235 (243 including playoffs)
 * Most consecutive games started by a tight end: 179 (186 including playoffs)
 * Fastest tight end to make 600 receptions (125 games)

Cowboys franchise records

 * Most career receptions: 1,215
 * Most career receiving yards: 12,977
 * Most receptions in a single game: 18 (October 28, 2012, against the New York Giants)
 * Most games played: 255
 * Most consecutive games started: 179
 * First tight end to reach 1,000 receiving yards in a season
 * First tight end to have at least 65 receptions in consecutive seasons
 * First player in franchise history to score in 16 seasons

Coaching career
On February 1, 2021, Witten was named the head football coach at Liberty Christian School.

Personal life
Witten resides in Westlake, Texas, located in the Dallas – Fort Worth Metroplex, with his wife Michelle, an emergency room nurse at Dallas's Parkland Memorial Hospital, and their four children, C.J., Cooper, Landry, and Hadley Grace. Witten is a Christian, and appears in a video on I Am Second in which he talks about his faith.

Witten wrote an opinion piece for ESPN, titled "How Twitter has become NFL locker room poison" in which he detailed the potential negative impact social media can have, particularly on younger players, from his personal experiences.

In 2021 and just days after his retirement from the NFL, Witten spurned the overtures of several NFL and college teams to coach and was named the head football coach at Liberty Christian School in Argyle, Texas.

title: Jason Witten


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Talk:Paul Bacon (politician)

Which party?
I'm trying to resolve the link to the party of which Bacon was a member? Was it Union for a Popular Movement, or another of the parties mentioned at List of political parties in France? - John Fader

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Paul Bacon (politician)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Super nerd

Super nerd
Inherently POV, vanity, original research from vandal IP. Grue 16:32, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Made into redirect. Proceed with Votes for deletion/Supernerd above. Mikkalai 18:07, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)


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Talk:Vašek Klouda

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from VfD:

Non-notable, possible vainity, delete. Footbag doesn't mention any champs. Nothing links to him, etc. hfool 16:33, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unless the championship claims in the article can be verified. [[User:David_Johnson|David Johnson [ T|C ] ]] 17:28, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * David, can I direct you to this and ask you to reconsider your vote?Dr Zen 02:56, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * del. Mikkalai 18:00, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * The policy asks us to give reasons for our votes, Mikkalai. So far as I can see, you don't bother. Personally, I think that editors who show such a disregard for the community should be themselves disregarded but sadly I won't be counting the votes here.Dr Zen 02:56, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. As far as I know, competition with footbags isn't very serious, and that the only real notable champions would be world record holders. [[User:Rhymeless|Rhymeless | (Methyl Remiss)]] 18:40, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Spinboy 20:28, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. Tempshill 22:04, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It seems he is three-time world champion and the undisputed world number one in freestyle. This is clearly a minority sport but any sport that has survived long enough to have 25 world championships is worthy of note.Dr Zen 02:56, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Extreme keep. Thank you Dr Zen for doing the research that the nominator didn't.  Quote from the article:  "Currently ranked number 1 in the world (in freestyle) is Czech sensation Vasek Klouda. Also known as 'The Golden Child', Klouda at just 17 years old, has been competing for roughly 4 years - and is a 3 time world champion. Footbag is his full-time pursuit."  Seems more than notable enough.  Someone should give you one of those imaginary barn stars!  Damn they're cool.  *gush*  —[[en:RaD Man|RaD Man (talk)]] 09:10, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep for the reasons above.   — Asbestos | Talk 10:11, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - I agree with Dr Zen (I hadn't heard of footbag until I came to the Klouda article at random - that's one of the great virtues of Wikipedia!) Adambisset 00:17, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This individual appears to be a hackey sack world champion and is just as notable as any other sports champion.  [[User:GRider|GRider\talk]] 17:04, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion
 * Keep http://www.footbag.org is the non profit website for information on footbag, tournament results, and other general information.  Vasek is most definately the champ and undisputed at that.   25 annual world championships, countless regional events, and over a thousand clubs in a hundred countries.   The sports for real, it's just underground and not at all popular to the American audience.  competition with footbags isn't very serious, and that the only real notable champions would be world record holders.  Just because you don't know, doesn't mean it isn't very serious.  Kids are playing 6 hours a day training to win these events, and the real world champions are the ones who win the world championship of footbag competition.    He's actually footbag freestyle world champion, to distinguish it from footbag net world champions, and team freestyle champions.    Hackysack is a brand name / register trademark for a brand of toys.
 * Keep - Footbag is an international sport governed by the 501(c)(3) corporation, International Footbag Players' Association, Inc.. Václav ("Vašek" for short) Klouda has competed at IFPA-sanctioned tournaments (including the World Championships) in San Francisco, Frankfurt, Helsinki, Prague, and many other international competitions. This is a serious sport and deserves recognition -- and Václav is the most celebrated current competitor. According to IFPA, there are currently 601 footbag clubs in 47 countries, with regional and national tournaments in almost every part of the world.

title: Talk:Vašek Klouda


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IN3

IN3, or similar, may refer to:
 * cubic inch (in3), a unit of volume
 * Indiana State Road 3, a road in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Indiana.
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district, a congressional district in the U.S. state of Indiana
 * Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, the research body of the Open University of Catalonia
 * Iodine azide, chemical formula IN3

title: IN3


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Malcolm Wells

Malcolm Wells (March 11, 1926 – November 27, 2009) was an American architect who is regarded as "the father of modern earth-sheltered architecture." Wells lived on Cape Cod, Massachusetts in a modern earth-sheltered building of his own design. Wells was also a writer, illustrator, draftsman, lecturer, cartoonist, columnist, and solar energy consultant.

Wells retired from architecture in June 2004, but continued his advocacy for underground living to the end of his life.

Wells' work in architecture and design began in 1953. After 10 years "spent spreading corporate asphalt on America in the name of architecture," he began to feel that the Earth's surface was "made for living plants, not industrial plants;" and went into underground architecture. This was reflected in his semi-underground offices at the corner of East Cuthbert Blvd and North Park Drive and at 6 Dale Avenue in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, adjacent to the Cooper River. His interests were in energy efficiency, aesthetics, land preservation and restoration "A Regeneration-based Checklist for Design and Construction", and durability of materials.

Wells' books have sold over 120,000 copies.

Wells died Friday, November 27, 2009. He left behind his wife Karen North Wells and son John Wells.

title: Malcolm Wells


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Bombardier Turbostar

The Bombardier Turbostar (sold as the ADtranz Turbostar until 2001) is a family of diesel multiple unit (DMU) passenger trains that was built by ADtranz and later Bombardier Transportation at Derby Litchurch Lane Works in the United Kingdom between 1997 and 2011. The Turbostar was the first new train type to be introduced after the privatisation of British Rail. The first units were ordered by Chiltern Railways in 1996 and were designated Class 168 (also known as Clubman). Since then the family has grown with the addition of the Class 170, Class 171, and the Class 172.

Description and technical details
The Turbostar and Electrostar platforms are a modular design, which share the same basic design, bodyshell and core structure, and are optimised for speedy manufacture and easy maintenance. They consist of a common underframe, which is created by seam-welding a number of aluminium alloy extrusions, upon which bodyside panels are mounted followed by a single piece roof, again made from extruded sections. The car ends (cabs) are made from glass-reinforced plastic and steel, and are huck-bolted onto the main car bodies. Underframe components are collected in ‘rafts’, which are bolted into slots on the underframe extrusion. The mostly aluminium alloy body gives light weight to help acceleration and energy efficiency.

Much of the design of the Class 168/170/171 is derived from the Networker Turbo Class 165 and Class 166 trains built by British Rail Engineering Limited's Holgate Road carriage works. Notable features shared are the aluminium alloy frame and two-stage Voith T211r hydrodynamic transmission system. The diesel engine has changed to an MTU 6R 183TD13H. A cardan shaft links the output of the gearbox to ZF final drives (instead of Gmeinder in the Networkers) on the inner bogie of each vehicle. The engine and transmission are situated under the body; one bogie per car is powered, the other bogie unpowered.

The Class 172 differs mechanically to its older relations in several ways. The engine used is the more powerful and cleaner MTU 6H1800R83, the transmission is the mechanical 6-speed ZF Ecomat-Rail, and lighter Bombardier FLEXX-ECO bogies and hollow axles are used as well as half-height airdams. The exhaust system is also quieter and does not have the distinctive note of that of the Class 168/170/171.

Turbostars have been acquired for use by several train operating companies, each with different specifications. One of the more noticeable differences with later units compared to earlier ones are the larger headlights now specified for safety reasons.

Units are numbered 168 xxx, 170 xxx, 171 xxx, or 172 xxx, where xxx is the serial number of the unit. Individual carriages are numbered 50xxx and 79xxx for driving motor cars, and 54xxx, 55xxx and 56xxx for centre cars.

Working in multiple
One factor which contributes to the popularity of the Turbostars is that Class 170 units are fully capable of working in multiple with older types from the Class 15x Sprinter series of units as well as other units of the same class, unlike all other types built since privatisation, giving them greater flexibility. However, there are issues with so-called "sandwich" formations, formed either as 170-15x-170 or 15x-170-15x, which causes problems with empty stock movements where up to four units of various types coupled together is common. A possible side effect of this is that Turbostars' performance is in line with the second generation 15x units, in fact being somewhat slower than a Class 150 or Class 156 on "short hop" workings, and slower than a Class 158 on longer distance workings unless there is enough 100 mph running to take advantage of the 10 mph higher top speed of the Class 170.

The Class 171 units are fitted with Dellner couplers rather than BSI (Bergische Stahl Industrie) couplers, which means that they can mechanically couple with Southern's Class 377 Electrostar EMUs for rescue purposes.

title: Bombardier Turbostar


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Talk:Boldt Castle

Untitled
This page contains a link to "Hart Island", which is almost certainly incorrect, since that is redirected to "Hart Island, New York", which is not what was intended. I'm not fixing it because I don't know what it's supposed to be.

the pics in the gallery are of superior quality to the ones in the main body. Chensiyuan 03:36, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

although the fantasy of this island is amazing the stories are completly incorrect, to sell this island they made the story a complete love story which from Boldt's point of view he attempted to make it a story book ending! but i grew up with my (step) grandfather, who was one of the original workers on the site their is not any truth with the backing of his "wife" dying, she had left him for a servant, because of which he went into a clinical depression and refused to build what was left on the site. my grandfather had recieved direct orders to discontinue any further construction and keep the obvious secret from the public all the contractors that knew about this FACT were paid generously to keep a hush hush about the situation, when Boldt went further down this mental path other associate's, business partners, did not want this getting out so they came up with this story to try and salvage the sale to this island to any local New York business men. it worked over this time it became legend and the truth was lost in translation, i am not trying to stir up contraversy i am only trying to tell the truth because almost all the locals, original contractors from a. bay, also know the truth but with a broken fairy tale there wouldn't be much of a story! but with tragedy it is still a beautiful island. i understand that the locals depend on tourism but really take a look at this island injest it is a unbelievable work of art and still people would come. this is a true castle of an era that is frozen in time and the surroundings are also, it is one of the few things untouched by modern man so know matter what people would always flock to the true majestic of this island and although in tragedy this castle was still built in the name of LOVE! Origin: Foreman R. Harwood, this is my (step) grandfathers name and he is in list to the original contractors on site but as i said believe it or not this is the only proof i have and sadly enough he is deceased and the mystery seemed to have died with him but over the years i have spoke to alot of the old timers from the areas of redwood and alex bay over the years of my life some seem to hold a grudge because more than a few lost their lives building this castle so through families the truth is slowly leaking out and eventually the HIGHWAY AUTHORITY, who own the castle, will have to a least update this or include the truth!74.79.50.22 (talk) 20:12, 13 April 2008 (UTC) OrLando N. DeLuca
 * The Bridge authority is still playing up the love story. Geraldshields11 (talk) 03:56, 5 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Find-a-grave has a photo of her gravestone with the 1904 date, and links to newspaper obituaries. Thus, hard to believe she left him and there was a cover-up. David notMD (talk) 13:41, 25 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Boldt Castle


text:
Larry Allen

Larry Christopher Allen Jr. (November 27, 1971 – June 2, 2024) was an American professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL) for 14 seasons, primarily with the Dallas Cowboys. He played college football for the Butte Roadrunners and the Sonoma State Cossacks, and was selected by the Cowboys in the second round of the 1994 NFL draft. Allen is regarded as one of the NFL's physically strongest players ever, while also capable of using his speed against defenders.

Spending his first 12 seasons with the Cowboys, Allen earned ten Pro Bowl selections and six first-team All-Pro honors. He was also part of the team that won a Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XXX over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Allen played his final two seasons with the San Francisco 49ers, where he received his 11th Pro Bowl selection. He was inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2013.

Early life
Allen grew up in Compton, California, and had a troubled childhood, including contracting meningitis and almost dying at six weeks old, as well as being stabbed 12 times in the head, shoulder, and neck by a young neighbor while trying to protect his brother at the age of 10. He attended a different school in each of his four years of high school. As a freshman at Centennial High School in Compton, Allen lettered in football. For his sophomore year, he attended Tokay High School in Lodi. As a junior, Allen transferred to Edison High School in Stockton. He finished high school at Vintage High School in Napa, California, but did not graduate.

College career
Allen was not academically eligible to play NCAA Division I football, so he attended Butte College in Oroville, California. In each of his two years at Butte, the team went 10–1 while winning the Golden Valley Conference, and Allen was named to the All-Conference and All-State teams both seasons. Allen was also recognized as a J.C. All-American after his sophomore year. Allen did not attend any school the following year. After a year away from school, he enrolled at Sonoma State University, a Division II school north of San Francisco. In two years with the Cossacks, Allen gave up just one sack and was a two-time All-American. The Cossacks were primarily a passing team and established 10 new school records, including most yards gained, most touchdown passes, best gain-per-completion rate and highest passing efficiency. During Allen's senior season, the team set a school mark with 334 rushing yards against Cal State Hayward. As a senior, he participated in the East–West Shrine Game and the Senior Bowl.

1994 NFL Draft
Allen's stock dropped in the 1994 NFL draft because of his small-school background and a rotator cuff injury. Allen was the tenth offensive lineman selected in the draft and the first player ever chosen from Sonoma State. He was selected in the second round (46th overall), which marked the highest offensive lineman selection by the Cowboys since Howard Richards in 1981.

1990s
In 1994, Allen started 10 regular-season games rotating between guard and tackle. During the season, he tied Burton Lawless in 1975 and Kevin Gogan in 1987, for the most starts on the offensive line as a rookie in club history at the time, Flozell Adams broke the record in 1998. Allen helped Dallas establish a then team record by allowing just 20 sacks totaling just 93 yards (fewest in the NFL) while earning all-rookie honors.

Allen was forced into a starting spot just four games into his rookie season when Mark Tuinei suffered back spasms on the road against the Washington Redskins. He received the game ball for helping keep the Redskins sackless for the game. He recorded his first NFL start at left tackle, replacing an injured Tuinei against the Arizona Cardinals. This marked the first time a rookie offensive lineman had started for Dallas since November 24, 1991, when Erik Williams started at right tackle against the Redskins. Allen returned to a back-up role for the next two weeks, but early in the morning on October 24, Williams was injured in an automobile accident and was out for the rest of the season, after which Allen was permanently moved into the starting lineup at Williams' right tackle position beginning with a game at Cincinnati on October 30. He received the game ball, along with Tuinei, for helping hold the New Orleans Saints without a sack in a Monday night win in New Orleans on December 19. In that Monday night contest, the 325-lb. Allen shocked the Saints by running down linebacker Darion Conner from behind on an interception return early in the game, with Allen was beginning from a standing start at the moment of the interception. The game's announcers (Al Michaels, Frank Gifford, and Dan Dierdorf) talked more about Allen's amazing feat than the actual interception. In his first playoffs, Allen received the game ball against the Green Bay Packers on January 8, when the Dallas offense recorded 450 total yards and Troy Aikman completed 23 of 30 passes for 337 yards. Allen sprained his left ankle during the game, but he returned to play. In the NFC Championship Game at San Francisco, he struggled playing through three quarters on his injured ankle before leaving the game.

In 1995, Allen, after just one year of experience as a starting guard, earned his first of seven consecutive trips to the Pro Bowl. He was one of a club record four Dallas offensive linemen named to the Pro Bowl, with Ray Donaldson, Nate Newton, and Mark Tuinei being the others. The team finished fifth in the league in total offense with Emmitt Smith gaining a franchise record 1,773 rushing yards, his fourth NFL rushing title in five years. Smith also scored a then NFL record 25 rushing touchdowns.

Allen made his first NFL start at right guard in the season opener at the Meadowlands against the New York Giants on September 4, helping the Dallas offense record 459 yards, including 230 rushing yards. In the regular-season finale, on the road against the Cardinals on Christmas Day, the offensive line enabled Dallas to record 474 yards of total offense for the most yardage by a Cowboys team since September 15, 1985.

On January 28, 1996, Allen earned his first start in a Super Bowl as well as his only Super Bowl ring when the Cowboys defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers 27-17 in Super Bowl XXX.

In 1996, Allen earned a second consecutive trip to the Pro Bowl, along with earning consensus All-Pro and All-NFC honors. The Dallas offensive line led the league by allowing just 19 sacks, one shy of the team record set the previous year. For the third consecutive season behind Allen, Emmitt Smith ran for over 1,200 yards while eclipsing 100 rushing yards four times, including a season-high 155 yards and three touchdowns against the Redskins on November 28.

In 1997, Allen, despite being moved between guard and tackle during the season, was selected to his third consecutive Pro Bowl at guard and earned first-team All-Pro honors. He also spent part of training camp working at left tackle and returned to his right guard position for the first 13 games of the season.

Allen started his third season at right guard at Pittsburgh and helped Dallas gain 380 total yards, including 295 passing yards, while not allowing a sack. He left the September 15 win over the Philadelphia Eagles after suffering a strained left hamstring in the second quarter and did not return. Allen returned to the starting lineup following the bye week against the Chicago Bears on September 28, but was forced to leave in the second quarter with insufficient strength in his left leg to block effectively. He was back in the starting lineup the following week at the Giants, where he was forced to move to left tackle after the loss of Tuinei during a game at Washington on October 13. Allen remained at left tackle in third-down passing situations against the Eagles and Redskins on October 26 and November 16. He became a full-time starter at left tackle against the upstart Carolina Panthers on December 8 and remained there the final three weeks of the season.

In 1998, Allen was slated to start at left tackle. In his first full season guarding Troy Aikman's blindside, he earned consensus All-Pro and All-NFC honors. Allen became just the third player in league history to be selected to the Pro Bowl at more than one offensive line position when peers voted him to NFC Pro Bowl team at tackle. He earned recognition as part of an offensive line that allowed just 19 sacks for 110 yards in 493 pass plays for a season, the fewest in the NFL. Allen's blocking helped Emmitt Smith to record seven 100-yard rushing games and 1,332 yards on the season.

He debuted at his new position in the season opener against the Arizona Cardinals and helped Dallas gain 444 total yards (188 rushing); both totals were the team's highest since 1996. He helped lead the way as two running backs topped the 100-yard mark for just the third time in franchise history at Washington on October 4; Smith finishing with 120 yards and one touchdown while Chris Warren recorded 104 yards and two touchdowns. In November, he faced four of the NFC's top defensive ends in Hugh Douglas, Chad Bratzke, Simeon Rice, and John Randle. Allen's no-sacks-allowed streak started at Philadelphia on November 2, when he limited Douglas to one tackle and no sacks. The following week against the Giants and Bratzke, his blocking helped Emmitt Smith rush for 163 yards on 29 carries, a 5.6 average. The Dallas offensive line allowed no sacks to the Giants defense that led NFL in sacks in 1998. In Arizona, Allen limited Rice to one tackle and was part of an offensive line that allowed no sacks to the Cardinals defense as well. He led the way for Smith's 118 rushing yards and three touchdowns. The Seattle Seahawks had the AFC's top sacking defense of 1998 (11 sacks for 22 yards) and came away with just one sack (on an Aikman fumble), while the Cowboys ran for 173 yards. He also limited Randle to one tackle and no sacks in 81 offensive plays against the Minnesota Vikings on November 26. Allen helped set a franchise record for pass attempts in a game without a sack (57) and led the way as Smith rushed for three touchdowns to tie Marcus Allen's NFL record of 123 career rushing touchdowns. In the regular-season finale against the Redskins on December 27, Allen was part of an offensive line that saw Smith run for two more touchdowns to break the NFL's all-time rushing touchdown record.

In 1999, despite starting in his third offensive line position in as many years and missing five games due to injury, Allen was selected to his fifth consecutive Pro Bowl while earning consensus All-Pro honors at guard.

Allen earned recognition as part of an offensive line that allowed the second-fewest sacks (24) in the league, behind Indianapolis who allowed just 14, and one or fewer sacks in nine of 16 games. He helped lead the way as the Cowboys gained 541 total yards while giving up only one sack in 50 pass plays in his first career start at left guard at Washington on September 12. He helped lead the way as Emmitt Smith became just the third player in the last 29 games to rush for over 100 yards against the Atlanta Falcons on September 20, when he rushed for 109 yards. Allen's blocking helped the Cowboys offensive line allow only one sack in 40 pass plays in Philadelphia on October 10. Allen gave up no sacks to the Redskins on 32 pass plays on October 24. His blocking helped Smith to rush for 140 yards and two touchdowns in the first half as the Dallas offense recorded 205 rushing yards in Minnesota on November 8. Allen helped the Cowboys running backs record 149 yards before leaving the game in the third quarter with a sprained medial collateral ligament (MCL) in his right knee against the Packers on November 14. He missed his first career game in Arizona on November 21, snapping strings of 97 consecutive games played and 90 consecutive starts. He missed the next four games with a sprained knee. He returned to the starting lineup in New Orleans on Christmas Eve and helped the Cowboys offensive line give up no sacks on 39 pass plays while helping Smith to rush for his eighth 100-yard game of the season. In the season finale against the Giants on New Year's Day, he blocked for Smith as the latter recorded his ninth 100-yard game of the season. Allen was part of an offensive line that did not allow a sack in 33 pass plays during the game. In the NFC Wild Card Playoff Game in Minnesota on January 9, he opened holes for Smith to rush for 99 yards, including a Dallas postseason record 65-yarder.

2000s
In 2000, Allen was selected to his sixth consecutive Pro Bowl and earned consensus All-Pro and All-NFC honors. He was part of an offensive line unit that allowed just 35 sacks in 480 pass plays on the season. Six times during the season, opponents were held to one sack-or-less.

Despite suffering a fractured right hand in practice on June 20, Allen returned to play by the end of the preseason and started all 16 games. His blocking helped limit the Cardinals to one sack while protecting Randall Cunningham as he completed 24-of-34 passes for 243 yards and three touchdowns on September 10. His blocking against Arizona on October 22 was key to the offense as it recorded 347 total yards, including 200 rushing yards. He allowed just one sack. He helped limit Warren Sapp to two tackles for the game in Tampa Bay, on December 3, while the entire Tampa Bay starting defensive line was limited to six tackles. He was also part of an offensive line that helped Smith rush for 150 yards and a touchdown against the Redskins and the NFL's fourth-ranked defense on December 10. The Cowboys rushed for 242 yards against the Redskins for most by Dallas offense since recording 271 rushing yards in Philadelphia on Halloween 1993.

In 2001, Allen was named All-Pro by the Associated Press for the seventh consecutive season. He was also named a Pro Bowl starter at guard. However, he was unable to attend the game in Hawaii due to elbow surgery that was performed after the season ended. This marked his seventh consecutive Pro Bowl selection.

Allen played a key role in Dallas’ third rank in the league in rushing at 136.5 yards per game. The season rushing total of 2,184 yards was the second-best total by a Cowboys team in last 20 years (1995, 2,201). He helped limit All-Pro DT Sapp to one tackle and no sacks in the season opener against the Buccaneers, also helping the Cowboys offense rush for 99 yards on 23 carries, a 4.3 average. He led the way for Emmitt Smith to his first 100-yard rushing game of the season, 107 yards, and offense to 211 total rushing yards in the Cowboys Monday night win over the Redskins on October 15. He played a part in helping Troy Hambrick gain 127 rushing yards as well as Michael Wiley gain 85 en route to the Cowboys gaining 207 rushing yards (6.3 avg.) at Atlanta on November 11. He played a key role in Dallas' 20-14 win over the Redskins on December 2, as the Cowboys recorded their third 200-plus yard rushing game of the season as the team rushed the ball 44 times for 215 yards, a 4.9 average, including 102 yards by Smith.

It is believed 2002 was the first time an NFL franchise had five African-American starters on their offensive line, when the Cowboys lined up rookie center Andre Gurode, tackles Flozell Adams and Solomon Page, guards Allen and Kelvin Garmon. Allen had a challenging season due to injuries. He played through off-season surgery and a nagging early-season ankle sprain that limited him to five starts on the season between left guard and right tackle. Due to his off-season rotator cuff surgery on his left shoulder, and was limited in training camp and played in just the final two preseason games. He was selected as an offensive captain by his teammates, entering the regular season.

Allen sprained his left ankle in the second quarter against the Tennessee Titans on September 15. He attempted to return in the second half but lasted just two plays before returning to the sideline. He was inactive at Philadelphia on September 22, due to his ankle injury. He moved to right tackle during practice the week leading up to St. Louis Rams game on September 29, and opened the game at that position before re-aggravating his sprained left ankle. He then left the game in the first quarter. He returned to the starting lineup at right tackle against the New York Giants on October 6, but came out during first drive after aggravating left ankle. He fought the pain and was in and out of the game in the second half at left guard for Kelvin Garmon who suffered a hip injury. Following the trade of Garmon to the Chargers, Allen returned to left guard against the Panthers on October 13, but left the game in the second quarter with an ankle pain. He was then inactive next the three games to let the injury heal. He returned to practice the week against the Colts on November 17 but was inactive for a fourth straight game. He was placed on injured reserve on November 21, and underwent successful surgery on December 3, to remove bone spurs from left ankle.

In 2003, Allen returned after missing most of the 2002 season with a sprained left ankle that required off-season surgery to remove bone spurs. He returned and started all 16 regular-season games and the playoff game at Carolina on January 3. Despite missing parts of four games with injuries, he returned and was honored for play with eighth Pro Bowl selection at guard.

He began the season by straining his hamstring during practice four days before the season opener. However, he still started against the Falcons, but aggravated his hamstring in the second quarter and sat out remainder of half before coming back for the second half as offense recorded 403 total yards. He played at the New York Giants on September 15, and helped protect Quincy Carter, allowing him to throw for 321 yards in leading Dallas to a come-from-behind overtime win. He suffered a sprained left knee in the second quarter against the Cardinals on October 5, but returned in the second half to help Dallas total 365 yards of offense. Despite playing sporadically against the Washington on November 2, due to a sprained left knee suffered in the first quarter, he helped the Cowboys record 400 yards of total offense, including 208 rushing yards. Allen also helped hold DT Kris Jenkins to zero sacks, while the Dallas line allowed only one sack for zero yards in 45 pass plays against the Panthers on November 23. He also helped lead way for Troy Hambrick to run for 189 yards against the Redskins on December 14.

In 2004, Allen started all 16 games for the eighth time in 11 NFL seasons, and for the ninth time, he was an NFC Pro Bowl selection at guard.

In the season opener in Minnesota, Allen's blocking helped the Cowboys offense record 423 yards of total offense. In the home-opening win over the Cleveland Browns on September 19, the Cowboys recorded a season-high 441 total yards, and Vinny Testaverde passed for 322 yards with only one sack in 36 passes. The Cowboys also rushed for 126 yards. He helped the Cowboys record 166 rushing yards for the game against the Giants on October 10. On Thanksgiving Day, in a win over Chicago, he was part of a line that led the way for Julius Jones to rush for 150 yards. In a Monday night win at Seattle on December 6, the Cowboys offensive line's blocking opened holes for Jones to run for 198 yards, the third-best rushing game in franchise history and the second-best ever by a Cowboys rookie. In the season finale loss at the Giants, the Cowboys offensive line ended the season by opening holes for Jones to rush the ball 29 times for 149 yards a 5.1 average and a touchdown.

In 2005, Allen was selected to his 10th Pro Bowl. He played every offensive snap for the Cowboys in 2005, starting all 16 games at left guard.

He started his 11th season as a full-time starter and his seventh consecutive season opener at left guard at San Diego on September 11. He helped the Cowboys offense record 28 points and 301 yards of total offense. He started against the Eagles on October 9, and helped the Cowboys offense record a season-high 456 yards of total offense. His blocking helped protect Drew Bledsoe and allowed him to complete 26-of-37 passes for 312 yards against the Giants on October 16. Allen helped the Cowboys running backs record 164 yards averaging 4.2 yard-per-carry in Seattle on October 23. He helped lead way as Marion Barber III rushed for 127 yards and two touchdowns on 27 carries against the Cardinals on October 30. He was part of an offensive line that allowed Bledsoe time to throw for 332 yards and three touchdowns while the running backs recorded 129 yards and a touchdown against the Kansas City Chiefs on December 11, the 445 yards of total offense was the second-best of the season. His run blocking allowed Julius Jones to rush for 194 yards, the fourth-best performance in franchise history in Carolina on Christmas Eve. The Cowboys' offense recorded 22 first downs, 394 total yards, including a season-high 214 rushing, and 24 points in the come-from-behind win. During the Pro Bowl weekend in Honolulu, Hawaii, he won ESPN's "Strongest Man Award" during the Pro Bowl weekend in 2006 by bench pressing 43 reps with 225 pounds.

On March 21, 2006, Allen was released by the Dallas Cowboys, after spending his first 12 seasons with the organization from 1994 to 2005.

San Francisco 49ers
In 2006, three days after being released by the Dallas Cowboys, Allen was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an unrestricted free agent. Along with changing teams, he also changed numbers, from the only number he had worn in his professional career, 73, to number 71. For the season, he played and started in 11 games and was inactive for five with sprained medial collateral ligament (MCL). He was voted to his 11th career Pro Bowl after blocking for RB Frank Gore's franchise record 1,695 rushing yards on the season.

Allen started at left guard, but left the game due to a sprained medial collateral ligament suffered in the first quarter in Arizona on September 10, and was replaced by Tony Wragge. He was then inactive for the next five weeks due to the sprained MCL. He returned to the starting lineup in Chicago on October 29. The entire offensive line was awarded game balls by Head Coach Mike Nolan, in part for their job blocking for the running back, who rushed for 198 yards against the Lions on November 12. He started at left guard against the Seahawks on November 19, and played with an offensive line that blocked for Gore's single-game franchise record 212 rushing yards. The 49ers accumulated 262 total rushing yards in the game, the eighth-most in franchise history. The last time they rushed for that many yards was against Detroit on December 14, 1998, when they ran for a then-franchise-record 328 yards. Gore, who was awarded a game ball by Nolan, in turn gave game balls to the entire offensive line. Allen started at left guard in Seattle on December 14. In one of the best offensive line performances of the season, QB Alex Smith was not sacked once and the 49ers ran for 228 yards, 144 of which were by Gore. Allen was named as a reserve guard for the NFC in the Pro Bowl during the game week to mark his 11th Pro Bowl selection. He started in Denver on New Year's Eve and blocked for Frank Gore to break the 49ers franchise's single-season rushing record and franchise combined yardage record (2,180). During the Pro Bowl weekend he successfully defended his ESPN's "Strongest Man Award" title at the 2007 Pro Bowl.

In 2007, Allen started all 16 games at left guard. He was also voted as an alternate to the Pro Bowl.

Retirement
On August 29, 2009, the Dallas Cowboys signed Allen to a one-day contract so he could retire as a Cowboy. The following day, the Cowboys placed him on the retired list.

Career summary
Allen was chosen as a member of the NFL's All-Decade Team for the 1990s and the 2000s. Also, he has been widely recognized as one of the NFL's all-time best offensive linemen, and one of the most powerful men to play the game. In his 14 seasons in the National Football League, he was named to the Pro Bowl 11 times, including his last as a 49er in 2006. He was also named All-Pro seven times, six times at guard (1995–1997, 1999–2001) and once at tackle (1998). With his Pro Bowl selection at tackle in 1998, he became just the third player in league history to be selected to the Pro Bowl at more than one offensive line position during his career, joining Bruce Matthews of the Houston Oilers/Tennessee Titans (guard/center) and Chris Hinton of the Atlanta Falcons/Indianapolis Colts/Minnesota Vikings (guard/tackle). He played all but one position along the offensive line in his 11 seasons in Dallas, moving between right tackle (1994), right guard (1995–1997), left tackle (1997–1998) and left guard (1999–2003).

During the half-time show of the Cowboys-Seahawks game, November 6, 2011, Allen, Drew Pearson, and Charles Haley were inducted into the Dallas Cowboys Ring of Honor.

On February 2, 2013, Allen was voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Cowboys owner Jerry Jones was his presenter at the induction ceremony.

Personal life
Allen resided in Danville, California, after his retirement. His son, Larry Allen III, played guard for the Harvard Crimson football team. He was later signed by Dallas Cowboys in 2019 as an undrafted player. His nephew is Dakarai Allen, a professional basketball player in the NBA G League.

Allen died on June 2, 2024, while on vacation with his family in Mexico, at the age of 52. The cause of death is currently undetermined.

title: Larry Allen


text:
Helen Shaver

Helen Shaver (born February 24, 1951)  is a Canadian actress and film and television director. After appearing in a number of Canadian movies, she received a Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress for her performance in the romantic drama In Praise of Older Women (1978). She later appeared in the films The Amityville Horror (1979), The Osterman Weekend (1983), Desert Hearts (1985), The Color of Money (1986), The Believers (1987), The Craft (1996),Tremors 2: Aftershocks (1996) and Down River (2013). She received another Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress nomination for the 1986 drama film Lost!, and won a Best Supporting Actress for We All Fall Down (2000). Shaver also starred in some short-lived television series, including United States (1980) and Jessica Novak (1981), and from 1996 to 1999 starred in the Showtime horror series, Poltergeist: The Legacy, for which she received a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television nomination.

In the mid-1990s, Shaver began working as a television director, directing more than 50 shows. She won three Directors Guild of Canada Awards, one Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Miniseries or TV Film, two Canadian Screen Awards, and three Women's Image Network Awards. She was nominated for an Emmy Award for directing the 1999 television movie Summer's End and in 2020 made her big screen debut with the drama film Happy Place. In 2004, Shaver was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.

Early life
Shaver was born and raised with five sisters in St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada.

Career
After roles in such Canadian features as Outrageous! (1977), Starship Invasions (1977), Who Has Seen the Wind (1977) and High Ballin' (1978), Shaver won a Canadian Film Award as Best Lead Actress opposite Tom Berenger (for her performance as "Ann MacDonald") in In Praise of Older Women (1978).

Shaver was one of the stars of director Sam Peckinpah's final film, 1983's The Osterman Weekend. In 1985, Shaver starred in Desert Hearts as a 1950s university professor who falls in love with another woman. Her performance, with co-star Patricia Charbonneau, drew critical praise and Shaver won the Bronze Leopard Award at the Locarno International Film Festival. Another prominent film performance during that time came in 1986 as the love interest of Paul Newman in his Oscar-winning portrayal of "Fast" Eddie Felson in Scorsese's The Color of Money, a sequel to 1961's The Hustler. In 1980, Shaver starred with Beau Bridges in the short-lived NBC TV series United States developed by Larry Gelbart. A year later she starred in the short-lived drama series Jessica Novak. She was in the 1984 Canadian-made Countdown to Looking Glass. She subsequently appeared on such television shows as Hill Street Blues and T. J. Hooker. In 1990, she guest-starred as the murderer in Rest in Peace, Mrs. Columbo, and later that year co-starred on the short-lived series WIOU, playing a television journalist (as she also did on Jessica Novak). From 1996-1999, Shaver co-starred on the TV series Poltergeist: The Legacy, playing Dr. Rachel Corrigan, a widowed psychiatrist with an eight-year-old daughter who is helped by the Legacy in the pilot episode; her performance earned a Saturn Award nomination. In 2000, she won a Genie Award for her portrayal of a drug-addicted prostitute in the independent feature We All Fall Down.

Shaver made her feature-length directorial debut in 1999 with the television film Summer's End, which won an Emmy and earned her a directorial nomination. Shaver has also directed a number of television shows and cable movies, including The Outer Limits, Judging Amy, Joan of Arcadia, Medium, The OC, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, The L Word, Jericho, Journeyman, Private Practice, The Unit, Crusoe, Orphan Black, Vikings (2013 TV series), 13 Reasons Why, and Westworld. In 2003 she won a Gemini award for Best Direction in a Dramatic Series for the Just Cause television series episode "Death's Details".

In 2004, Shaver was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.

Happy Place, her first theatrical feature film after directing for television, premiered at the Cinéfest Sudbury International Film Festival, and was screened at the 2020 Vancouver International Film Festival.

In 2021, Shaver picked up The Living Legend Tribute at the 23rd Women's Image Network Awards with fellow honoree JoJo Siwa its Rising Musical Star recipient.

In 2023, Shaver won the DGA award for directing episode 8 ("Who's There?") of Station Eleven.

title: Helen Shaver


text: User:Mow-Cow~enwiki

title: User:Mow-Cow~enwiki


text:
Talk:List of coffee companies

AfD discussion
A December 2004 deletion discussion is available at Votes for deletion/List of coffee companies

Question about inclusion
I notice that standard treatment for new list items with redlinks is deletion. Can new items be added without article links, e.g.:

I guess my question is more about notability requirements for the list. We want to cut down on spam, but as it is, the list hasn't grown much in the past while, and it definitely seems incomplete. There are a lot more coffee companies than just these, and I'll bet that some of the ones that are currently listed are far less notable than others. What makes a company notable enough to be on this list? Any thoughts? --dragfyre_ ʞןɐʇ c 13:43, 6 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Although obviously I am not the ruling authority of list inclusion or anything (though I somehow seem to have become that, de facto, for this list), I would be opposed to the addition to this list of companies that do not have either a Wikipedia article (which requires notability, in itself) or a third-party source asserting their notability. Without one of those things, the list risks turning into complete spam, with everyone and their brother adding companies which may or may not exist and may or may not be worth a mention. So I could live with " XYZ Company " or " XYZ Company ", but not a redlinked, completely unsourced addition of XYZ company. A fluffernutter is a sandwich! (talk) 14:08, 6 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Ah, just tracked down the guideline that was in the back of my head while I did this. WP:LSC says that the list selection criteria should be one of the following:

(begin quote)
 * Every entry meets the notability criteria for its own non-redirect article in the English Wikipedia. Red-linked entries are acceptable if the entry is verifiably a member of the listed group, and it is reasonable to expect an article could be forthcoming in the future.  This standard prevents Wikipedia from becoming an indiscriminate list, and prevents individual lists from being too large to be useful to readers.  Most of the best lists on Wikipedia reflect this type of editorial judgment.
 * Every entry in the list fails the notability criteria. These lists are created explicitly because most or all of the listed items do not warrant independent articles: for example, List of minor characters in Dilbert or List of paracetamol brand names.
 * Short, complete lists of every item that is verifiably a member of the group. These should only be created if a complete list is reasonably short (less than 32K) and could be useful (e.g., for navigation) or interesting to readers.  The inclusion of items must be supported by reliable sources.  For example, if reliable sources indicate that a complete list would include the names of ten businesses and two non-notable businesses, then you are not required to omit the two non-notable businesses.  However, if a complete list would include hundreds of entries, then you should use the notability standard to provide focus to the list.
 * (end quote)
 * I would say that of those choices, only the first one is feasible for a list of coffee companies. We have no reason to have a list of non-notable coffee companies or a list of every coffee company that could possibly exist. A fluffernutter is a sandwich! (talk) 14:13, 6 April 2011 (UTC)

lock of the brand
Zmugeoner (talk) 10:36, 17 July 2014 (UTC)Julius Meinl 1862, Austria, yes, yes

Boyd's Coffee
Should Boyd's Coffee be included? --- Another Believer ( Talk ) 05:18, 3 April 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of coffee companies


text:
Dear Boss letter

The "Dear Boss" letter was a message allegedly written by the notorious unidentified Victorian serial killer known as Jack the Ripper. Addressed to the Central News Agency of London and dated 25 September 1888, the letter was postmarked and received by the Central News Agency on 27 September. The letter itself was forwarded to Scotland Yard on 29 September.

Although many dispute its authenticity, the "Dear Boss" letter is regarded as the first piece of correspondence signed by one Jack the Ripper, ultimately resulting in the unidentified killer being known by this name.

Content
The "Dear Boss" letter was written in red ink, was two pages long and contains several spelling and punctuation errors. The overall motivation of the author was evidently to mock investigative efforts and to allude to future murders. The letter itself reads:

"Dear Boss, I keep on hearing the police have caught me but they wont fix me just yet. I have laughed when they look so clever and talk about being on the right track. That joke about Leather Apron gave me real fits. I am down on whores and I shant quit ripping them till I do get buckled. Grand work the last job was. I gave the lady no time to squeal. How can they catch me now. I love my work and want to start again. You will soon hear of me with my funny little games. I saved some of the proper red stuff in a ginger beer bottle over the last job to write with but it went thick like glue and I cant use it. Red ink is fit enough I hope ha. ha. The next job I do I shall clip the ladys ears off and send to the police officers just for jolly wouldn't you. Keep this letter back till I do a bit more work, then give it out straight. My knife's so nice and sharp I want to get to work right away if I get a chance. Good Luck.

Yours truly

Jack the Ripper

Dont mind me giving the trade name

PS Wasnt good enough to post this before I got all the red ink off my hands curse it. No luck yet. They say I'm a doctor now. ha ha"

Media publication
Initially, the letter was considered to be just one of many hoax letters purporting to be from the murderer. However, following the discovery of the body of Catherine Eddowes in Mitre Square on 30 September, investigators noted a section of the auricle and earlobe of her right ear had been severed, giving credence to the author's promise within the letter to "clip the lady's ears off". In response, the Metropolitan Police published numerous handbills containing duplicates of both this letter and the "Saucy Jacky" postcard in the hope that a member of the public would recognise the handwriting of the author. Numerous local and national newspapers also reprinted the text of the "Dear Boss" letter in whole or in part. These efforts failed to generate any significant leads.

Perpetrator pseudonym
Following the publication of the "Dear Boss" letter and the "Saucy Jacky" postcard, both forms of correspondence gained worldwide notoriety. These publications were the first occasion in which the name "Jack the Ripper" had been used to refer to the killer. The term captured the imagination of the public. In the weeks following their publication, hundreds of hoax letters claiming to be from "Jack the Ripper" were received by police and press alike, most of which copied key phrases from these letters.

Authenticity
In the years following the Ripper murders, police officials stated that they believed both the "Dear Boss" letter and the "Saucy Jacky" postcard were elaborate hoaxes most likely penned by a local journalist. Initially, these suspicions received little publicity, with the public believing the press articles that the unknown murderer had sent numerous messages taunting the police and threatening further murders. This correspondence became one of the enduring legends of the Ripper case. However, the opinions of modern scholars are divided upon which, if any, of the letters should be considered genuine. The "Dear Boss" letter is one of three named most frequently as potentially having been written by the killer, and a number of authors have tried to advance their theories as to the Ripper's identity by comparing handwriting samples of suspects to the writing within the "Dear Boss" letter.

Like many documents related to the Ripper case, the "Dear Boss" letter disappeared from the police files shortly after the investigation into the murders had ended. The letter may have been kept as a souvenir by one of the investigating officers. In November 1987, the letter was returned anonymously to the Metropolitan Police, whereupon Scotland Yard recalled all documents relating to the Whitechapel Murders from the Public Record Office, now The National Archives, at Kew.

Journalist's confession
In 1931, a journalist named Fred Best was reported to have confessed that he and a colleague at The Star newspaper named Tom Bullen had written the "Dear Boss" letter, the "Saucy Jacky" postcard, and other hoax messages purporting to be from the Whitechapel Murderer—whom they together had chosen to name Jack the Ripper—in order to maintain acute public interest in the case and generally maintain high sales of their publication.

Calligraphy and linguistic analysis
The handwriting of the letter "Dear Boss" was compared to that of the supposed diary of James Maybrick in 1993. The report noted that the "characteristics of the Dear Boss letter follow closely upon the round hand writing style of the time and exhibit a good writing skill."

In 2018, a forensic linguist based at the University of Manchester named Andrea Nini stated his conviction that both the "Dear Boss" letter and the "Saucy Jacky" postcard had been written by the same individual. Commenting upon his conclusions, Dr Nini stated: "My conclusion is that there is very strong linguistic evidence that these two [pieces of correspondence] were written by the same person. People in the past had already expressed this tentative conclusion, on the basis of similarity of handwriting, but this had not been established with certainty."

title: Dear Boss letter


text:
Muelle

Juan Carlos Argüello (23 September 1965 - 1 July 1995), known as Muelle, was a Spanish graffiti artist from Campamento, Madrid.

Career
Around 1980, during the Madrilene cultural Movida, Argüello started reproducing the logo he had designed on walls and public spaces of Madrid. It consisted of the word Muelle (Spanish for "spring"), or an R with an enclosing circle (®) and a line in the shape of a coiled spring ending in an arrowhead. At first, he used an ink marker and later spraypainted his signature extensively around Madrid (and to a lesser extent, in other Spanish localities). In the eighties, he improved his technique, using several colours in a technique labelled relleno, wider borders known as grosor, and 3-D effects.

Influence
His innovative style, along with the profusion of his tags, made his work popular. Many other Madrilenian youths, known as flecheros created their tags inspired by Muelle's, often ending strokes with arrowheads (flechas). The flechero scene developed at a time of cultural isolation, its practitioners being largely unaware of graffiti in the New York style. The spread of hip-hop culture in Spain in the late 1980s introduced the new graffiti styles developed in the United States. But, variations in Muelle's work basically kept his original design. Argüello appeared on Spanish television and in newspapers.

Death
Argüello died of liver cancer on 1 July 1995 at the age of 29. His obituary appeared in El País.

Legacy
In 2022, the Spanish graffiti brand Montana Colors released a special edition aerosol can featuring Muelle's tag alongside a short documentary about him.

At the behest of local PSOE politicians a tag of Argüello‘s in La Latina, threatened with obliteration by building renovations, was officially protected by the Government of the Community of Madrid in 2024.

title: Muelle


text: User talk:67.71.89.8

title: User talk:67.71.89.8


text:
Talk:Lewis Urry

Untitled
This article seems very similar to the obituary in the Globe and Mail. --Wtshymanski 16:58, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Just a coincidence, I guess with a guy who has only one major achievement there's only so much you can say. To be perfectly honest with you I've never heard of the Globe and Mail (living in the UK I've only heard of the Post and NY Times). In the interests of full disclosure I did write the article having read pieces in the Guardian and the Independent, but I have better things to do than rip articles off intentionally. Rje 17:37, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I read a few other obituaries on the Web and they all sound pretty much the same. My mistake. --Wtshymanski 23:36, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

No worries. Rje 10:36, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Switched?
The text says that eveready "immediately switched" to manufacturing alkaline batteries. This is incorrect, because they continued to make carbon batteries for decades after alkalines were introduced, and as far as I know they still may be making them. I would change this to "immediately began" but I would like to see the source for this first, because while I know "immediately switched" is wrong, I don't know for that matter that they did "immediately begin" making alkaline batteries, though of course that is plausible. For that reason I am changing it to simply "began," since that is obviously correct no matter how long it took. If a source can be found to support the "immediately" then that word should be reintroduced. Jafafa Hots 14:44, 25 January 2006 (UTC) Also changing "prototype" to "design" as once in production it was obviously no longer a prototype. Jafafa Hots 14:46, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

Review comments
Some suggestions for improvement as the article is expanded:

Espresso Addict 02:12, 17 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Template:Infobox Scientist should be added
 * Photograph should be added from a source with a free license, if available
 * Some basic biographical information required, eg any marriages/children, place of death
 * After expansion, article should be divided into appropriate subheadings
 * Information on research should be expanded and references required
 * References should be added, preferably in the inline format
 * External links to useful online resources should be added if available

title: Talk:Lewis Urry


text:
E2 European long distance path

The E2 European long distance path or E2 path is a 4850 km (3010-mile) series of long-distance footpaths that is intended to run from Galway in Ireland to France's Mediterranean coast and currently runs through Northern Ireland, Scotland, England, Belgium, Luxembourg and France, with an alternative midsection equally designated via the Netherlands and east coast of England. It is one of the network of European long-distance paths.

The paths are aimed at walkers; alternative routes exist in some parts for horse riders and cyclists.

Route
The route has two alternative midsections, reuniting in north-east England and northern Belgium: the first devised route includes Oxford, Reading, Bruges and Antwerp and does not include the southern part of the Dutch coast. The corollary midsection, listed as the alternative route, includes Hull, Lincoln, Cambridge and Bergen op Zoom.

In Belgium the route starts from Ostend on the GR5A (Grote Route 5A) via Bruges and Antwerp. After a few kilometres in the mid-northern municipality (district) of Zoersel in Belgium it joins the GR 5 (Grande Randonnée 5), which forms the remainder of the route, passing through Luxembourg, Eastern France, then Switzerland at Lake Geneva before returning to France to finish at Nice.

The highest point of the route is at Col de l'Iseran at 2770 m.

Ireland
The Irish section of the route is not yet open.

United Kingdom
In Scotland the route starts from Stranraer and follows the Southern Upland Way, to Melrose, and St. Cuthbert's Way, from Melrose to Kirk Yetholm, and on to the Anglo-Scottish border via the Pennine Way.

In England the route continues on the Pennine Way from the border to Standedge, the Oldham Way from Standedge to Mossley, the Tameside Trail from Mossley to Broadbottom, the Etherow/Goyt Valley Way from Broadbottom to Compstall, the Goyt Way from Compstall to Disley, the Peak Forest Canal from Disley to Marple, the Gritstone Trail from Disley to Rushton Spencer, the Staffordshire Way from Rushton Spencer to Cannock Chase, the Heart of England Way from Cannock Chase to Bourton on the Water, the Oxfordshire Way from Bourton on the Water to Kirtlington, the Oxford Canal from Kirtlington to Oxford, the Thames Path from Oxford to Weybridge, the Wey Navigation Path from Weybridge to Guildford, and the North Downs Way from Guildford to Dover.

In England, the alternative midsection begins on the Pennine Way at Middleton-in-Teesdale. It then follows the Teesdale Way, the Cleveland Way, the Yorkshire Wolds Way, the Viking Way, the Hereward Way, the Fen Rivers Way, the Icknield Way Path, the Stour Valley Path and the Essex Way to Harwich International Port. Urban highlights are Lincoln and Cambridge.

Netherlands
In the Netherlands the eastern route begins at the ferry port of Hook of Holland (where ferries from Harwich International Port arrive) and passes over islands and dams and through Bergen op Zoom. This corollary section picks up the main route at Sint Antonius, Zoersel in northern Belgium.

title: E2 European long distance path


text:
Talk:United States District Court for the District of Pennsylvania

Untitled
According to this page, the District of Pennslyvania was created by the 1789 Judiciary Act and then subdivided into the ED/PA in 1815. However, the article on the Eastern District of Pa. had that court created in 1789. These statements are inconsistent. Can one be verified?


text:
Talk:United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Format
I've noticed that other district court pages have the judges separated by current/senior/former judges. This page and the W.D. Pa. are set up just with a long list of all judges ever, and it's difficult to tell right away who is currently serving. I don't have the time to make the changes right now, but I think it would be better to convert these to that format. -JAE —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.82.250.247 (talk) 02:08, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

Establishment
According to this page, the ED/PA was created by the 1789 Judiciary Act. According to the article from which this is linked, however, the ED/PA was created by an 1815 subdivision. These statements are inconsistent. Can one be verified?

Photo troubles
Does anyone know why the image I just added appears as: Error creating thumbnail: convert: Insufficient memory (case 4) `/mnt/upload3/wikipedia/commons/8/87/US_Eastern_Pennsylvania_District_Court.jpg'. convert: missing an image filename `/mnt/upload3/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/US_Eastern_Pennsylvania_District_Court.jpg/300px-US_Eastern_Pennsylvania_District_Court.jpg'. -- JVinocur 13:30, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

 * It appeared to just be a server error. I saw the error output too, so I purged the cache (in the sever, by going to http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania&action=purge) and the problem was fixed.--Commander Keane 13:35, 6 May 2006 (UTC)


text:
Niavaran Complex

The Niavaran Palace Complex ( – Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān) is a historical palace complex situated in Shemiran (northern Tehran), Iran. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the Qajar and Pahlavi eras.

History
During the reign of the Pahlavi Dynasty, a new palace named Niavaran was built for the imperial family of Mohammad Reza Shah (1919–1980). The palace was designed in 1958 and completed in 1967. It served a variety of purposes for the imperial court including as a home for the Shah and Empress as well a place to entertain visiting foreign heads of state. On New Year's Eve 1977, the reception and state banquet for US President Jimmy Carter took place here.

The Shah and Empress left basically everything behind when they left Iran in January 1979. All of the peripheral buildings of the Saheb Qaranie, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Saheb Qaranie. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion was then used as an exhibition centre for presents from world leaders to the Iranian imperial monarchs.

Private library
The library was publicly inaugurated in 1994, on the occasion of International Museum Day.

Construction
The interior designing of the library was designed by architect Aziz Farmanfarmayan.

Features
The building is allocated to libraries in three separate levels; the reading room, the main library, and the audio visual room. Other sections of the library include sets of artwork, which number over 350. The works reflect parts of modern art history, particularly the modern tendencies of Iranian art in the 1950s and 1960s.

title: Niavaran Complex


text:
User talk:Iamunknown

 * See archives of my talk page at Special:PrefixIndex/User_talk:Iamunknown/
 * I don't expect to be around much. If you want to talk, feel free to leave me a message here, let me know by e-mail and then I will carry on here. Or we could just talk via e-mail. :-) --21:58, 14 February 2009 (UTC)

Thank you and my best wishes to you
Hi Iamunknown, Thank you very much for your nice message. It is always a great pleasure hearing from you. I wish you the best of the season and a Happy New Year. Tasos (Dr.K. (logos) 15:04, 25 December 2008 (UTC))

Holidays!
Merry          Christmas! --Sallicio$\color{Red} \oplus$ 16:12, 25 December 2008 (UTC)

Happy New Year!

 Enigma  msg has bought you a pint! Sharing a pint is a great way to bond with other editors after a day of hard work. Spread the WikiLove by buying someone else a pint, whether it be someone with whom you have collaborated or had disagreements. Cheers!

Spread the good cheer and camaraderie by adding {{subst:WikiPint}} to their talk page with a friendly message.

Thanks for the holiday wishes, and please accept mine for you and yours. Jkelly (talk) 21:51, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

Hope all is well
You haven't edited for nearly a month!  Enigma msg  16:49, 25 January 2009 (UTC)

 * I'm well. I don't expect to be around much, due to RL and such. I will try to respond promptly to e-mail. Hope all is well with you too. :-) --Iamunknown 21:55, 14 February 2009 (UTC)

You are now a Reviewer
Hello. Your account has been granted the "reviewer" userright, allowing you to review other users' edits on certain flagged pages. Pending changes, also known as flagged protection, is currently undergoing a two-month trial scheduled to end 15 August 2010.

Reviewers can review edits made by users who are not autoconfirmed to articles placed under pending changes. Pending changes is applied to only a small number of articles, similarly to how semi-protection is applied but in a more controlled way for the trial. The list of articles with pending changes awaiting review is located at Special:OldReviewedPages.

When reviewing, edits should be accepted if they are not obvious vandalism or BLP violations, and not clearly problematic in light of the reason given for protection (see Reviewing process). More detailed documentation and guidelines can be found here.

If you do not want this userright, you may ask any administrator to remove it for you at any time.  MBisanz  talk 02:11, 20 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Thank you, MBisanz. I have not been editing much recently, but if I start up again and decide to use this tool, I'll read the links you provided.  --Iamunknown 20:00, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

Editor assistance list
Hello. Since your account has been inactive for some time, it has been removed from Editor assistance/list. There is an explanation at Wikipedia talk:Editor assistance/list. You are, of course, welcome to re-add yourself to the list if you wish to. JamesBWatson (talk) 11:12, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

new utopia what did happens i guss you know since you comment in the talk page :)
hi did look up new utopia on internet for weeks but did not find much new things so you was in the new utopia article but suddenly quiet in the discussion page any idea what happened to new utopia ?

the offical website did say that in did start construction now maybe it should be update the wikipeida artickel but at the same time it need to update its pasport infomation... the links have not been updated too maybe its should be added in the wiki artick?

mayeb the ppl just move on the seasted things or made a gaeted comunity in aruba or brazil or brunei and kept what was left og the project ? forgot the whole thing moved on to get a green card to sinagpore or dubai ... a intresting thing was that the laws made for trust and banks and companys in new utopia look like a are taken from somwhere else becuse it dont look like its written in uk or usa enghlis...

l i allso found by look up new utopia citizenship or shomthing like that a investment bank in antigua get closed becuse of fraud was used to transfer fees and money by the new utopia project... one of the owner of the domain name was made bankrupt in florida fort meyers court if it get sued for fraud in florida why did the charte citizens get ther office in caymen island (that showes in the youtube video )now when caymen island can give infomation abut amricans convicted of crime ?

when many of the cariben island did give clients lists the last 5 years why did not charter citise get there mony back (if it is a fraud) becuse look like many of them(investoer/conslats/govounoers have mony offshore?

got sued ? what happen to charter citizens? Investors’ did sue them for fraud and made the project somewhere else ? because all the business /project did stop in 2007/2008 and the site did move to flordia then to uk (just look it the dictionary that was the domain name )

sorry for my bad enghlis

murakami — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.147.33.187 (talk) 16:07, 30 April 2012 (UTC)

Invitation to participate at Stalking Cat
Hello, I'm Just Tidying Up. I'm commenting because, at some point in the past, you contributed to the Stalking Cat article or talk page. I recently performed a major rewrite of Stalking Cat, and I am interested to increase further expansion and improvement of the article, with other editors. If you are interested in this topic, please join us at Talk:Stalking_Cat. Thank you. Just Tidying Up (talk) 14:57, 7 November 2013 (UTC)

Category:PD-GermanGov
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Category:Article Creation and Improvement Drive candidates has been nominated for discussion
Category:Article Creation and Improvement Drive candidates, which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. A discussion is taking place to see if it abides with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. DexDor(talk) 22:51, 9 February 2016 (UTC)

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Category:Uncategorized fair use images, which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. A discussion is taking place to see if it abides with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. ~ RobTalk 19:12, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

"Wikipedia:Non-free content policy" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Wikipedia:Non-free content policy. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 October 29 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. 🌸 1.Ayana 🌸 (talk) 22:05, 29 October 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Iamunknown


text:
Pinus ayacahuite

Pinus ayacahuite, also called ayacahuite pine and Mexican white pine, (family Pinaceae) is a species of pine native to the mountains of southern Mexico and western Central America, in the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains and the eastern end of the Eje Volcánico Transversal, between 14° and 21°N latitude in the Mexican states of Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz and Chiapas, and in Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. It grows on relatively moist areas with summer rainfalls, however specimens from its eastern and southern distribution live under really wet conditions; it needs full sun and well drained soils. Its temperature needs fluctuate between 19 and 10 °C on average a year. This tree accepts from subtropical to cool climate.

Pinus ayacahuite is a large tree, regularly growing to 30–45 m and exceptionally up to 50 m tall. It is a member of the white pine group, Pinus subgenus Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, with a deciduous sheath. The needles are finely serrated, and 9–16 cm long. The cones are long and slender, 15–40 cm long and 4–6 cm broad (closed), opening to 6–10 cm broad; the scales are thin and flexible. The seeds are small, 6–8 mm long, and have a long slender wing 18–25 mm long.

It is moderately susceptible to white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola), but in cultivation has proved somewhat less susceptible than most other American white pines (see e.g. western white pine, sugar pine).

Cultivation and uses
It has been planted with ornamental and commercial purposes for paper industry at different latitudes and altitudes in different parts of the world: In Equatorial and tropical regions- Commercial production: On the high elevations of Kenya, Tanzania and Angola. In temperate subtropical regions- Commercial production: It is planted on the highlands of South Africa. On the highest elevations of Southern Brazil. Northern India. In temperate regions at middle and low altitudes: Argentine provinces of Salta, Tucumán and Córdoba; at 500 to 1500 m above sea level. At low elevations near sea level: Commercial production: Australia (Queensland and New South Wales), New Zealand. As ornamental: It has been successfully planted in the British Isles. The largest tree in Germany (height 2013: 20.5 m) is growing in the arboretum Sequoiafarm Kaldenkirchen.

Despite its tropical origins (the natural range is entirely south of the Tropic of Cancer), it is surprisingly tolerant of cold, having survived temperatures down to nearly -30 °C in cultivation in Scotland and Pennsylvania, United States. It is grown as an ornamental tree in parks for its attractive foliage and very long cones, among the longest that can be grown in many temperate areas.

The wood is valuable, used for general indoor construction work.

title: Pinus ayacahuite


text:
Anatolijs Gorbunovs

Anatolijs Gorbunovs, also known as Anatoly Valeryanovich Gorbunov (Анато́лий Валериа́нович Горбуно́в; born 10 February 1942), is a Latvian politician who served as the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet during the final years of the Soviet regime in Latvia and as Chairman of the Supreme Council of Latvia during the first years after the country regained its independence.

In the latter capacity he was effectively the acting head of state before the election of the Fifth Saeima in 1993. He continued to serve as the Speaker of the Saeima until 1995.

Political career
From 1974 to 1988, he held various positions in the Communist Party of Latvia, with his highest position being the Secretary of the Central Committee. Unlike many other Communist Party members in Latvia, Gorbunovs supported the Latvian independence movement. From 1988 to 1990 he was also Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. From 1989 through 1995, he was speaker of the Latvian parliament. During this period, Latvian independence was restored de facto in 1991. As speaker of the parliament, Gorbunovs was acting State President per the 1922 Constitution until 1993, when Guntis Ulmanis was elected president.

Gorbunovs joined the Latvian Way party in 1993 and remained Speaker of the Saeima until 1995 and a member of parliament until 2002. Between 1995 and 2002, he served as Minister of Regional Development, Minister of Transportation and Deputy Prime Minister.

Awards

 * Order of the Badge of Honour (USSR, 1981)
 * Order of the Three Stars, 2nd Class (1995)
 * Order of the Dannebrog, Commander 1st Class (Denmark, 1997)
 * Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class (Estonia, 2002)
 * Medal of the Baltic Assembly (2011)
 * The Cicero Award (Cicerona balva) of the Latvian Academy of Sciences (2012)

title: Anatolijs Gorbunovs