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DoubleShot

DoubleShot, first published in 2000, was the sixth novel by Raymond Benson featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond (including film novelizations). Carrying the Ian Fleming Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam. The novel's working title was Doppelganger.

Plot summary
DoubleShot, the second novel in Raymond Benson's Union trilogy, again sets James Bond, 007 against the evil terrorist organization called the Union. Still smarting from their last encounter with 007 when he foiled their plans to get Skin 17 in High Time to Kill, the Union has decided that Britain and James Bond are their new number one priority, and targets. Coming up with an elaborate plan to plunge Britain into war and destroy Bond's reputation in the process, the Union sets up their scheme. Domingo Espada, a Spanish Nationalist/Gangster/Ex-Matador who wishes to see Gibraltar returned to Spain from Britain, is approached by Nadir Yassasin, the Union's master strategist, as the centrepiece to their plan. They plan to help Espada forcefully take control of Gibraltar, killing the British Prime Minister and the Governor of Gibraltar, and having a Bond-Double do it, thus ruining Bond's career and life. But first, through an elaborate series of events, they convince Bond he is losing his mind, and force him to investigate these happenings on his own, without approval from M or SIS.

Since Bond's return from the Himalayas, he begins experiencing terrible headaches, hallucinations, and black-outs. This leads him to Dr. Kimberly Feare. She diagnoses a lesion on the back of Bond's skull that is causing these symptoms. After getting Dr. Feare in bed, Bond wakes up to find her murdered, her throat slit ear-to-ear, the Union's mark. This causes Bond to leave England. Bond's trek takes him from England to Tangier, where he encounters the Taunt twins, Heidi and Hedy, CIA agents asked by M to bring him back to London. Here Bond finds the connection between the Union and Espada, and that he has some part in the Union's plan. Convincing M and the Taunts to play out his hand, Bond goes to Spain. On arrival in Spain, he encounters Margareta Piel, Espada's female assassin and a member of the Union. Followed closely by the climax of Bond vs. his double in Espada's practice bullfighting ring, and the culmination of the Union's plot at the Gibraltar peace conference, Bond takes his double's place and along with the Taunt twins, prevent the assassinations, kills Espada, Piel, Jimmy Powers (a high-ranking American in the Union, and their number one expert in stealth and tailing), and captures Yassasin, foiling the Union's plans once again.

Publication history

 * UK first hardback edition: April 2000 Hodder & Stoughton
 * US first hardback edition: June 2000 Putnam
 * UK first paperback edition: 3 August 2000 Coronet Books
 * US first paperback edition: June 2001 Jove Books

title: DoubleShot


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Feenmärchen waltz

 Feenmärchen  (Fairy-tales) waltz op. 312 is composed by Johann Strauss II in 1866. The same year had witnessed the glaring military weakness of the ailing Habsburg dynasty after a bitter defeat to the hands of the Prussian army at the fateful Battle of Königgrätz. Almost immediately, various Vienna's establishments usually packed with music-lovers dancing the night away took the news with foreboding and many of the year's festivities were cancelled or with-held.

It was during these difficult social times that Strauss and his famous brothers entertained and coaxed the Viennese into enjoying their once-enviable lifestyle again. One such work, the 'Feenmärchen' waltz was first performed at the Vienna Volksgarten on 18 November 1866 during a benefit concert for brothers Josef and Eduard before an adoring public. Themes from the work was also included by Antal Doráti in his pastiche ballet Graduation Ball (1940) where the plaintive Introduction makes a contribution. The work starts off in a plaintive mood, with the clarinet playing the principal melody. Further themes were suggested before a loud chord introduces the first waltz theme. The entire 'fairy-tale' work was given inspiration throughout its light-hearted menagerie with various instruments of the orchestra. The first waltz theme was played again at the end before a furious section rounds off the work with a strong chord and drumroll.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Feenmärchen waltz


text:
Seamonkey

Seamonkey may refer to:
 * Sea-Monkeys, a certain hybrid of brine shrimps
 * SeaMonkey, an internet application suite
 * The Amazing Live Sea Monkeys, a television series

title: Seamonkey


text:
Stephen Osborne (writer)

Stephen Osborne (born September 11, 1947)  is a Canadian writer and editor. He is the author of Ice & Fire: Dispatches from the New World, and since 1990 has been an editor of Geist magazine.

Life and work
The son of a doctor, Osborne was born in 1947 in Pangnirtung on Baffin Island, Northwest Territories (now Nunavut), and grew up in Edmonton, Kamloops and Vancouver.

In 1971, he co-founded Arsenal Pulp Press, a literary book publisher based in Vancouver. He founded the Vancouver Desktop Publishing Company in 1986, and was chairman of the Publishers Automation Committee for two years in the 1980s, during which time he helped fifty small publishing companies to computerise. He has also been President of both the Association of Book Publishers of British Columbia and the British Columbia Association of Magazine Publishers.

Osborne co-founded Geist in 1990 with Mary Schendlinger. As well as editing the magazine, he writes an essay for each issue and also publishes photographs under the alias Mandelbrot.

Osborne published a collection of personal essays, Ice & fire: Dispatches from the New World, 1988-1998 in 1999. He was the winner of the inaugural Vancouver Arts Award for Writing and Publishing in 2004. He won the CBC Literary Award for Travel Writing in 2003 for his essay Girl Afraid of Haystacks. He's also won the National Magazine Foundation Special Achievement Award.

He has written introductions to the books The North End (photographs by John Paskievich) and One Ring Circus: Extreme Wrestling in the Minor Leagues

Osborne currently lives in Vancouver, British Columbia.

title: Stephen Osborne (writer)


text:
User talk:160.253.0.248

Nomination of Mark Crispin Miller for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Mark Crispin Miller is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Mark Crispin Miller until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Bonewah (talk) 16:02, 10 December 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:160.253.0.248


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Talk:Swedish Chef

(random heading)
(inserted by ... said: Rursus (bork²) 08:34, 5 January 2009 (UTC))

I remember hearing somewhere that the actual dialect of Swedish that the Swedish Chef's speech is a parody of had been identified, and also that the actual chef that he is a parody of also was identified. I can't remember who it was, or what the dialect was, and I can't seem to locate any info on it. But if I stumble across it again and it hasn't been added, I could write it in. It's a fun bit of trivia at least. --Mickel 19:24, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Quoting the article: The Swedish Chef character is actually based on real life Swedish chef Lars Bäckman. His rather unsuccessful appearance on "Good Morning America" caught the attention of Jim Henson, who later bought the rights to the recording and created Lars Bäckman's muppet alter ego. I guess that's what you mean? :) // Gargaj 00:48, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)
 * I think the dialect he spoke was some kind of Dalecarlian, which sounds unlike most major dialects in Sweden. (I don't think he spoke real Dalecarlian language, though,)

This website contains some details on Bäckman. - Nunh-huh 01:12, 19 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Funny tho... First off the article says "Jim Henderson" :D Next, I did a Google search on his nickname and the first article that turned up was this, which actually denies the claims... God knows. Probably the only guy who knew the truth was Jim Henson himself... // Gargaj 11:19, 2005 Jan 19 (UTC)
 * Seems like "Kuprik" was a nickname for Lars Bäckman. I have no idea what it would mean, though... =S

 * "Børk! Børk! Børk!" is not Swedish! The letter "ø" is never used in Swedish, it uses "ö" instead. So the proper Swedish version would be "Börk! Börk! Börk!" 85.76.152.179 19:40, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I guess this is just part of the screwieness of the character (the "Børk" was written Børk everywhere :) // Gargaj 21:19, 2005 Feb 13 (UTC)
 * I believe ø would look more Scandinavian/exotic than ö to an american, it was for that reason the Øresund region chose to spell its name with ø in all its Public Relations press material.

I remember one episode of either The Muppet Show or Muppets Tonight where a female guest star (All I can remember is that she's blonde folks) is able to understand The Chef as she speaks "Faux Swedish" (I believe it was faux or fake I can't remember it's been so long). Sam the Eagle, who is also there accuses the Chef of being a fraud and demands that he speak in his original tounge. The Chef speaks a rather strange, almost asian sounding, gibberish phrase much different than his usual, when Sam asks what he said the guest star replies "I don't speak faux japanese." Like I said this is going from my own recollection hence the fuzzy details. I'm sorry I cannot provide anymore Namrepus221

 * Yeah, that was Jean Stapleton. You can see Muppet Wiki for more information on the episode. -- Danny Toughpigs 22:48, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

The "faux Swedish" of the Chef could well have been influenced by Arte Johnson, who appeared on "Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In." Arte would occasionally impersonate a Nordic character, as can be seen briefly about 15 seconds into this clip from the show:

Joke Wall Segment from "Laugh-In" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.38.160.186 (talk) 14:08, 3 December 2021 (UTC)

 * It could have been, sure, but we would need a reliable, published source that says so. If this is just your personal speculation, Wikipedia considers that original research, and it's not allowed in articles. ‑‑ El Hef  ( Meep? ) 15:55, 3 December 2021 (UTC)

Source material?
Is this wikipedia article the source for absoluteastronomy, or vice versa?

http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/s/sw/swedish_chef.htm

--SilasM 10:28, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * That article was sourced from Wikipedia. At the very bottom, it says: "The source of this article is Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL."  What it has to do with Astronomy, though, is anyone's guess. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  10:39, July 26, 2005 (UTC)

"Bort bort bort!"
I took away the part about the pronounciation being closer to "book book book"; I never heard that one before, so it could be original research, and anyway, to me, the R sounds loud and clear. What I remember from when The Muppets ran on Norwegian TV, was that people interpreted it as "Bort bort bort" (away away away), which actually makes a lot of sense, since he's tossing his kitchen utensils over his shoulders as he says it. "Bort bort bort" is good, idiomatic Swedish when you're really annoyed and want to get rid of someone or something. "Get away from me!!!" I don't know if anyone actually wrote it down, but it's not original research. I'm not saying it couldn't be a phonetic coincidence, though. Juryen 20:39, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

I'm sorry if I'm being picky on this "bort bort bort"-thing, but I really must object to it. I agree that "k" and "t" can sound quite alike. However, the way "bork" is pronounced by the Chef is not as similar to the Swedish pronounciation of "bort" as one might wish. The o-sound in "bork" is a 'long' or possibly 'half long' vowel and the o-sound in "bort" is a 'short' vowel, (which is actually pronounced like the short vowel-form of the Swedish letter "å", not "o".) I'm not sure that these are the correct terms but I hope you understand. Some examples? The o-sound in "Bork" corresponds to the o-sounds in the words "oar" and "door", whereas the o-sound in "bort", is _more similar_ to such words as "dozen" or "mother". Now, my knowledge of the precise pronounciation of English words is not perfect as I am not a native speaker. I am, however, a native Swede, and I can assure you that the o-sound in "bort" does not sound like the o-sound in the Chef's "bork". Therefore, I think that the whole bork => bort-connection is too speculative and doesn't fit in.

 * I think otherwise. Consider that the voice actor for the Swedish Chef presumably don't know any real swedish. Why should the (mis)pronounciation of the o-sound be a logical reason for "bork" not to be connected to swedish "bort"? I don't see how you can make any conclusions at all based on the fact that the o-sound sounds much more like the o-sound an English speaker would make (even when trying to imitate swedish) than the o-sound of a Swedish speaker... it might still be an attempt. After all, if it weren't just an attempt, and a failed one, it would probably not be as humorous (to the English-speaking audience it was targeted). 195.24.29.51 13:40, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

 * All during my youth watching The Muppet Show, it sounded to me like the Swedish Chef was singing "boort! boort! boort!" It didn't sound anything like "bork" or "boork" to me. Now I find this article, which says that "bort" actually means something in Swedish. Given what I understood it to sound like, and my newfound knowledge of Swedish from this article, I now think that "bork" is incorrect. Ah well, original research and all.... -Amatulic 00:37, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

 * "Bork" could very well be some mispronounced swedish, f.ex. björk or burk. ... said: Rursus (bork²) 08:39, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

 * P. J. O'Rourke in Eat the Rich (book) has a similar phrase "Orgy-borgy" which he got given by a (Swedish?) friend, noting that "[the swedes] do not talk orgy-borgy talk", it is in the Acknowledgments at the front that he stole the phrase. Is that at all relevant? Si Trew (talk) 21:49, 3 December 2009 (UTC)

Guild Wars?
Since the trivia mentions that Google has a Bork Bork Bork language option I feel that we should include that the game Guild Wars also has this option. Does anyone feel opposed to this? 67.60.52.178 05:38, 30 November 2006 (UTC)cambellsoup
 * Guuld - vers :P 86.83.15.245 13:48, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Original research prevalent in article
This article reads a lot like it was written by a fan, and several personal interpretations pepper the entire article. Anyone from the Films project feel like tackling it? If not, I'll get to it in due course. It may even need to be merged with the Muppets article. Sidatio 15:35, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

The importance of "Trivia"
The article is headed by an alert that: "Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines." I'd like to offer that there may be many users such as myself, for whom such information is very useful cultural anthropology. Halibutron 19:22, 19 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I like trivia sections too, but we'd have to have a lot of people who agrees with us to overturn the current consensus. — Val42 17:07, 21 September 2007 (UTC)

Oh Danny Boy
Don't forget that Swedish Chef was in a sketch with Animal and Becker singling ' Oh Danny Boy' for St Pats Day. Truly the three are the Muppet's most gifted singers. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCbuRA_D3KU&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=26002810 141.166.230.9 (talk) 03:57, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

Very popular in Sweden
He was (is) very popular in Sweden, and made some guest appearance in some non-muppet shows. ... said: Rursus (bork²) 08:36, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

 * This article needs a photo. Can't we get a fair use iamge? ChildofMidnight (talk) 18:13, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

On a related note, the 'reaction from Swedes' section was clearly written by a disgruntled Swede, not to mention the fact that said section is rife with unverified opinion stated as fact. 82.32.160.97 (talk) 02:41, 1 August 2015 (UTC)

 * Did you read the reference provided? If you did, what specific examples do you have of opinion stated as fact that aren't supported by the ref? Sjö (talk) 08:15, 1 August 2015 (UTC)

 * "The sing-song quality of the character's mock language is suggestive of Norwegian, not Swedish." That's an opinion, not a verifiable fact supported by empirical evidence. The fact that the citation is a lighthearted magazine article only serves to support my position, particularly when the sub-heading of said article reads, "They think he sounds Norwegian." 82.32.160.97 (talk) 01:06, 2 August 2015 (UTC)

 * The article by Tomas Riad that's linked in the source supports that the chef speak with a Norwegian intonation (though it has the same kind of intonation as some other dialects in Sweden). I think that together with the interviews in the source is enough to support the statement. Since Slate is a reliable source according to Wikipedia standards I see no reason to remove the sentence. (It also happens to agree with my own experience, for what it's worth.) Sjö (talk) 06:07, 2 August 2015 (UTC)

Computer translations section
I've just added a bit to this about how the Norwegian company Trolltech used to encourage encheferization as part of internationalization and localization.

Nevertheless, and not because it is now longer, I think this is too prominent. The top of the article should be about the Muppets character etc, not its use in computing. I think it is OK to have it, even maybe promote it up to a top-level section (and I will try to find better refs), but to have it come first I think too much, it should come nearer the foot of the article.

Opinions? Si Trew (talk) 21:45, 3 December 2009 (UTC)

I believe you might be referring to the article: https://doc.qt.io/archives/qq/qq03-swedish-chef.html and it mentions how converting a source text to a pseudo-language enables the identification of texts in an application that have not been placed into the source code in a manner that makes such texts be capable of being translated stick out because they are still readable as the original (likely to be English) text. SlySven (talk) 04:28, 24 February 2019 (UTC)

Google
"Bork, bork, bork" is used as a language option for Google. Perhaps that should be mentioned in the popular culture section. 68.4.214.54 (talk) 04:52, 14 June 2010 (UTC)

Börk vs. Børk
It has been rightly pointed out in this "talk" section that Swedish would never use the spelling "Børk" but would, instead, use "Börk". In fact, either spelling would be pronounced "berk" if we were to spelling it for American English speakers -- like the first syllable of "Berkeley, California".

Just to explain -- the three Scandinavian languages Swedish, Danish and Norwegian, have three extra letters -- vowels -- added to the alphabet. There is an "a" with a ring over it (Å or å) which exists in all three languages and replaces the obsolete double-a, which only shows up nowadays in certain proper names.

The other two vowels in Swedish are a and o with an umlaut (Ä or ä and Ö or ö). In Norwegian and Danish, the corresponding vowel sounds are instead written as a ligatured a and e, and as an o with a slash through it (Æ or æ and Ø or ø).

As to the suggestion that Øresund shows that Swedes do use the o with a slash through it, I have to state that that is simply not true. The Öresund (its Swedish name) or the Øresund (its Danish name) divides Sweden from Denmark and the bridge and tunnel system that now crosses it for automotive and rail traffic is operated by an agency that decided to go with Øresund Bridge for its English-language literature and website -- they had to pick one of the two possible spellings, it would seem, and they chose the Danish one and not the Swedish.

All of that is confusing for a lot of English speakers who haven't dealt with a foreign language that includes diacritical markings that are required for correct spelling and pronunciation.

In the end, I have to say that what the Swedish chef says is "Bork, bork, bork" (rhyming with the English word "pork") and neither "Børk, børk, børk" nor "Börk, börk, börk" because either of those latter two spellings would rhyme with the English word "lurk").

Don't get me started about the time the Muppets sang a song led by the Swedish chef and they singing "Ja, das ist der _______" which is, of course, German, and not Swedish at all. Swedes would say "Ja, det är _________" and the definite article would be suffix on the noun or it would be den or det if the definite form of the noun were preceded by an adjective. (Leave it to the Muppets to have the Swedish chef speaking German -- I guest most English speakers wouldn't know the difference.)Toddabearsf (talk) 23:21, 18 April 2014 (UTC)

To Germans he's Danish
Maybe it should be mentioned that he's Danish (der dänische Koch) in the German edition of the Muppet Show and his opening song has the words "Smørrebrød Smørrebrød rømpømpømpøm ..." (spoken by famous voice actor and author Eberhard Storeck who also had to rewrite quite a few lines to make them still funny in German). Not sure if his identity changes likewise in other languages. --Tobias b köhler (talk) 20:11, 19 November 2014 (UTC)

Inspired by Ernie Kovacs' Hungarian Chef Miklös Molnar
In the book "Jim Henson" by James Robert Parish : "Yet another one of Jimmy's TV favorites was the wacky slapstick comedy of mustached, cigar-smoking, comedian Ernie Kovacs." One of Kovacs' characters, the hungarian chef Miklös Molnar, looks very similar indeed.

Dreaminguitarist (talk) 14:36, 29 December 2014 (UTC)

 * Yes, but we would need some reliable source to make that connection, otherwise it's only WP:SYNTH. Sjö (talk) 15:16, 29 December 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Swedish Chef


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Egyptian pound

The Egyptian pound (جنيه مصرى ; abbreviations: £, E£, £E, LE, or EGP in Latin, and ج.م. in Arabic,  ISO code: EGP) is the official currency of Egypt. It is divided into 100 piastres, or qirsh (قرش ; plural قروش ; abbreviation: PT (short for "piastre tarif") ), or 1,000 milliemes (مليم ; millième, abbreviated to m or mill), but milliemes are no longer used.

The 10- and 20-pound notes are made out of polymer plastic paper as of July 6, 2022.

History
At the beginning of the 19th century, Egypt and Turkey shared a common currency, the Ottoman piastre, divided into 40 paras. However, under Muhammad Ali, Egypt started to issue its own coinage, and in 1834, by which time Egypt was now nominally independent from Ottoman rule, a khedival decree was issued, adopting an exclusively Egyptian monetary system whereby Egypt went into a silver and gold bimetallic standard based on the Maria Theresa thaler rated at 20 piastres. The Maria Theresa thaler was a popular silver trade coin in the region around that time. In the wake of this currency reform, Egypt minted a gold coin known as the bedidlik, equal to 100 piastres, and a silver rial coin of 20 piastres corresponding to the Maria Theresa Thaler. In 1839, a piastre contained 1.146 grams of silver, and meanwhile the British gold sovereign was rated at 97.5 piastres. While 100 Egyptian piastres and the bedidlik coin were referred to as a pound in the English speaking world, this was not the principle unit in the new Egyptian monetary system of 1834. Reference to an Egyptian pound unit of account appeared in 1884 on a £E50 promissory note signed by General Gordon at the Siege of Khartoum, but it wasn't until the next year in 1885 that this unit of account would become the official unit.

Meanwhile, back in 1840, despite Egypt's separate coinage, it was agreed under the Turkish-Egyptian treaty dated that same year, that the Turkish and Egyptian strikes should nevertheless maintain equal value. However, in 1844, the Ottoman piastre was devalued in conjunction with the creation of a new Ottoman lira unit, and Egypt didn't follow suit. Hence the Egyptian and Turkish units split from each other in value, with the Egyptian unit continuing its exchange value of 97.5 piastres to the pound sterling.

In 1885, Egypt went into a purely gold standard, and the Egyptian pound unit, known as the, was introduced at £E1 = 7.4375 grammes of fine gold. This unit was chosen on the basis of the gold content in the British gold sovereign and maintaining the exchange value of 97.5 piastres to the pound sterling, and it replaced the Egyptian piastre as the chief unit of currency. This reform resulted in the Maria Theresa Thaler being adjusted to 21 piastres, with 20 piastres now being rated at 5 French francs, and the foreign exchange rates were fixed by force of law for the important currencies which had become acceptable in the settlement of internal transactions. It wasn't however until 1899 that banknotes started to appear with the word "pounds" on them, written in English. Meanwhile, the piastre continued to circulate as $1/undefined$ of a pound, the para was discontinued in 1909, and the piastre was divided into tenths (عشر القرش ). These tenths were renamed milliemes in 1916.

Then, at the outbreak of World War I, with the gold specie standard being suspended in the UK, the Egyptian pound used a sterling peg of one pound and sixpence sterling to one Egyptian pound. Inverted, this gives £E0.975 for one pound sterling.

This exchange value of 97.5 piastres to the pound sterling continued until the early 1960s when Egypt devalued slightly and switched to a peg to the United States dollar, at a rate of E£1 = US$2.3. The Egyptian pound was also used in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan between 1899 and 1956, and Cyrenaica when it was under British occupation and later an independent emirate between 1942 and 1951. It also circulated in Mandatory Palestine from 1918 to 1927, when the Palestine pound was introduced. The Egyptian pound continued with its exchange rate of £E = £1 0s 6d sterling up until the beginning of the 1960s.

Used for historical values or in vernacular speech
Several unofficial popular names are used to refer to different denominations of Egyptian currency. These include (from the word nickel) nekla (نكلة) for 2 milliemes, ta'rifa (تعريفة)  for 5 milliemes, "nos franc" (نص فرانك) for 2 piastres, (شلن)  (i.e. a shilling) for 5 piastres, bariza (بريزة)  for 10 piastres, and reyal (ريال )  ("real") for 20 piastres. Since the piastre and millieme are no longer legal tender, the smallest denomination currently minted being the 25 PT coin (functioning as one-quarter of E£1), these terms have mostly fallen into disuse and survive as curios. A few have survived to refer to pound notes: bariza now refers to the E£10 note and reyal can be used in reference to the E£20 note.

Informal
Different sums of the Egyptian pound have nicknames in vernacular speech, for example: E£1 bolbol (بلبل) "nightingale" or gondi (جندى) "soldier"; E£1,000 bako (باكو) "pack"; E£1,000,000 arnab (أرنب)  "rabbit"; E£1,000,000,000 feel (فيل)  "elephant".

Coins
Between 1837 and 1900, copper 1 and 5 para*, silver 10 and 20 para, 1, 5, 10 and 20 piastre (pt), gold 5pt, 10pt. and 20pt and E£1 coins were introduced, with gold 50 PT coins issued in 1839.

Copper 10 para coins were introduced in 1853, although the silver coin continued to be issued. Copper 10 para coins were again introduced in 1862, followed by copper 4 para and 2$1/undefined$ PT coins in 1863. Gold 25 PT coins were introduced in 1867.

In 1885, the para was replaced by the millieme in order to decimalise the currency and a new coinage was introduced. The issue consisted of bronze $1/undefined$, $1/undefined$, 1, 2 and 5 millieme (m), silver 1 PT, 2 PT, 5 PT, 10 PT and 20 PT coins. The gold coinage practically ceased, with only small numbers of 5 PT and 10 PT coins issued. In 1916 and 1917, a new base metal coinage was introduced consisting of bronze $1/undefined$m and holed, cupro-nickel 1m, 2m, 5m and 10m coins. Silver 2 PT, 5 PT, 10 PT and 20 PT coins continued to be issued, and a gold E£1 coin was reintroduced. Between 1922 and 1923, the gold coinage was extended to include 20 PT and 50 PT and E£1 and E£5 coins. In 1924, bronze replaced cupro-nickel in the 1m coin and the holes were removed from the other cupro-nickel coins. In 1938, bronze 5m and 10m coins were introduced, followed in 1944 by silver, hexagonal 2 PT coins.

Between 1954 and 1956, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium-bronze 1m, 5m and 10m and silver 5 PT, 10 PT and 20 PT coins, with the size of the silver coinage significantly reduced. An aluminium-bronze 2m coin was introduced in 1962. In 1967 the silver coinage was abandoned and cupro-nickel 5 and 10 piastre coins were introduced.

Aluminium replaced aluminium-bronze in the 1m, 5m and 10m coins in 1972, followed by brass in the 5m and 10m coins in 1973. Aluminium-bronze 2 PT and cupro-nickel 20 PT coins were introduced in 1980, followed by aluminium-bronze 1 PT and 5 PT coins in 1984. In 1992, brass 5 and 10 piastre coins were introduced, followed by holed, cupro-nickel 25 piastre coins in 1993. The size of 5 PT coins was reduced in 2004, 10 PT and 25 PT coins - in 2008.

On the 1st of June, 2006, 50 PT and E£1 coins dated 2005 were introduced, and its equivalent banknotes were temporarily phased out from circulation in 2010. The coins bear the face of Cleopatra VII and Tutankhamun's mask, and the E£1 coin is bimetallic. The size and composition of 50 PT coins was reduced in 2007.

 * 1 para = $1/undefined$ piastre.

 * Not in circulation as of 2008.

 * As to commemorate the branching of the Suez canal, the obverse had the Arabic phrase, قناة السويس الجديدة "New Suez Canal".

Banknotes
In 1899, the National Bank of Egypt introduced notes in denominations of 50 PT, £1, £5, £10, £50 and £100. Between 1916 and 1917, 25 PT notes were added, together with government currency notes for 5 PT and 10 PT issued by the Ministry of Finance.

In 1961, the Central Bank of Egypt took over from the National Bank and issued notes in denominations of 25 and 50 piastres, £1, £5, £10 and £20 notes were introduced in 1976, followed by £100 in 1978, £50 in 1993 and £200 in 2007.

All Egyptian banknotes are bilingual, with Arabic texts and Eastern Arabic numerals on the obverse, and English texts and Western Arabic numerals on the reverse. Obverse designs tend to feature an Islamic building with reverse designs featuring Ancient Egyptian motifs (buildings, statues and inscriptions). During December 2006, it was mentioned in articles in Al Ahram and Al Akhbar newspapers that there were plans to introduce £200 and £500 notes. As of 2019, there are £200 notes circulating but there are still no plans for issuing £500 notes. Starting from 2011 the 25 PT, 50 PT and £1 banknotes were phased out in favour of more extensive use of coins. However, as of June 2016 the National Bank of Egypt reintroduced the £1 banknote into circulation as well as 25 PT and 50 PT notes in response to a shortage of small change.

The governor of the Central Bank of Egypt announced that the Central Bank of Egypt will issue polymer notes by the beginning of 2021. This change comes as the CBE moves its headquarters to the new administrative capital. On July 31, 2021, the President of Egypt reviewed the notes of £10 and £20, to be issued in November 2021. In August 2021, the Central Bank was forced to confirm that rainbow holograms on the new banknotes were a secure watermarking feature to prevent counterfeiting, after online critics suggested it was a covert message of support for LGBT rights. Just nearly 2 years after the £10 note was released, the Central Bank of Egypt released the new £20 polymer banknote. The paper variants of the same denominations will continue to be legal tender.

Sterling
This table shows the value of 1 pound sterling in Egyptian pounds:

US dollar
This table shows the historical value of US$1 in Egyptian currency (piastres prior to 1834, pounds thenceforth):

title: Egyptian pound


text: File:NeverDreamOfDying.jpg

title: File:NeverDreamOfDying.jpg


text:
Never Dream of Dying

Never Dream of Dying, first published in 2001, was the seventh novel by Raymond Benson featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond (including film novelizations). Carrying the Ian Fleming Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam.

Plot summary
It begins when a police raid goes horribly wrong, killing innocent men, women, and even children. Bond knows the Union is behind the carnage, and vows to take them down once and for all. His hunt takes him to Paris, into a deadly game of predator and prey, and a fateful meeting with the seductive Tylyn Mignonne, a movie star with a sordid past, who may lead Bond to his final target—or his own violent end. Eventually it leads him to the Union's latest attack on society, which involves Tylyn's husband, Leon Essinger, and his new movie, Pirate Island, which stars Tylyn.

The conclusion to Benson's Union Trilogy. Locations are Nice, Paris, Cannes, Monte Carlo and Corsica (also briefly in Los Angeles, Japan and Chicago).

Publication history

 * UK first hardback edition: 3 May 2001 Hodder & Stoughton
 * US first hardback edition: June 2001 Putnam
 * UK first paperback edition: November 2001 Coronet Books
 * US first paperback edition: May 2002 Jove Books

title: Never Dream of Dying


text:
Talk:Antivenene

This is quite a common Australian spelling, and seems to have some international acceptance as well. Andrewa 19:28, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Antivenene


text:
Tieback

Tieback may refer to:
 * Tieback (geotechnical), a method of supporting retaining walls
 * Tieback (subsea), a connection between a new oil and gas discovery and an existing production facility, such as the Brae oilfield
 * Curtain tie-back, a kind of decorative window treatment

title: Tieback


text:
User talk:Sproddy

Second Warning
Please do not add nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you.

First Warning
Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has now been reverted or removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing in articles will normally be reverted quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. andy 19:30, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

You have recently vandalized a Wikipedia article, and you are now being asked to stop this type of behavior.

Since you have registered an account, I am assuming good faith and hoping that you intended to do more than vandalize pages. If this is the case, you're welcome to continue editing Wikipedia, so long as these edits are constructive. Please see Wikipedia's blocking policy and what constitutes vandalism; such actions are not tolerated on Wikipedia, and are not taken lightly.

Here are a few links you might find useful:
 * Policy on reverting others' changes
 * Policies on politeness and wikiquette
 * Policy on maintaining a neutral point of view
 * Policy for content when editing articles and creating new ones
 * Policy on using Wikipedia to advertise

If you want to continue editing here, I hope you will begin to take these policies more seriously. You won't get very many more chances before punishments begin to be handed down. I'm looking forward to seeing your contributions, and if you have any questions, feel free to contact me for help. Kafziel 20:12, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Hello
Please stop removing speedy deletion notices from articles that you have created yourself. You may place hangon on the page and make your case on the article's talk page if you oppose an article's speedy deletion. Thanks. You have removed several user warning templates from your user or user talk page. This is a bad idea. These warnings are not put on your talk page to annoy you; they are put here because other editors think that your behavior needs improvement, and we're giving you the courtesy of letting you know. Please respond by changing your behavior, and please stop removing the warnings. Thank you. -WarthogDemon 03:46, 2 November 2006 (UTC) Please stop. If you continue to remove legitimate warning messages from your talk page, you may be blocked from editing Wikipedia. -WarthogDemon 04:26, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sproddy


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dina Hussmann

Dina Hussmann
Vanity page. Nothing links here. Created by an anon user with only two previous edits. One which consists of inserting a space and another that was reverted. AlistairMcMillan 19:34, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, though I'm sure she's a lovely lady. Not notable. Katefan0 20:09, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Would have been candidate for and "friendly deletion". --Wikimol 22:02, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: We wish her well, but she is not notable at this point. Geogre 22:11, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity, she sounds wonderful though. Wyss 22:59, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete on grounds of vanity. [[User:GRider|GRider\talk]] 23:42, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 'Delete" vanity or somebody writing her a present? One can always hope, anything better than vanity. Carole a 18:13, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Good luck with the specialist in psychiatry thing, though. Jayjg 23:58, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text: User talk:130.179.16.26

title: User talk:130.179.16.26


text:
File:RedTattoo.jpg

Summary
Source: Image scanned and uploaded by 23skidoo.

Rationale for "fair use" in the article The Man with the Red Tattoo :

No free or public domain images have been located for this book.

This image is used on various websites, and has been published in several books, so use on Wikipedia does not make it significantly more accessible or visible than it already is. It does not detract from the original and is used for information purposes only.

title: File:RedTattoo.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/NYP SBM

NYP SBM was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was PAGE IS ACTUALLY A COPYVIO

Ad for a what I believe is a non-notable university a part of a univeristy in Singapore. The title is also incorrect. If I'm mistaken and this actually is notable then it should be totally rewritten and moved to the correct tile. Jeltz 19:34, 2004 Dec 14 (UTC)
 * Merge all of them into Nanyang Polytechnic after serious cleanup. A university is surely notable; not sure that each of its departments are.  Also look at the Nanyang Polytechnic article: separate articles have apparently been created for each of its separate departments, with dodgy titles like NYP SEG and NYP SIT.  All these should be merged after cleanup into the article on the university itself.  I am, however, eager for someone to step up to the plate and write the needful article about value-added industrial attachments.  -- Smerdis of Tlön 20:24, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I should have done better research. I agree merge now. Maybe this should be deleted for it's bad title but redirects are cheap. I got very few google hits on this so I thought incorrectly that it was some small non-notable univeristy. Jeltz 21:01, 2004 Dec 14 (UTC)
 * Merge as above... arrrrgh. Wyss 22:58, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/NYP SBM


text:
Charles Emory Smith

Charles Emory Smith (February 18, 1842 – January 19, 1908) was an American journalist and political leader.

Early life

Charles Emory Smith was born in Mansfield, Connecticut on February 18, 1842. In 1849 his family removed to Albany, New York, where he attended the public schools and The Albany Academy. He graduated from Union College in 1861, was a recruiting officer on the staff of General John F. Rathbone (1819–1901) in 1861-1862, taught in the Albany Academy in 1862-1865, and was editor of the Albany Express in 1865-1870. He joined the staff of the Albany Journal in 1870, and was editor-in-chief of this paper from 1876 to 1880. In 1879-1880 he was a regent of the University of the State of New York. From 1880 until his death he was editor and part proprietor of the Philadelphia Press.

Career
He was active as a Republican in state and national politics; was chairman of the Committee on Resolutions of the New York State Republican Conventions from 1874 to 1880 (excepting 1877), and was president of the convention of 1879; and was a delegate to several Republican National Conventions, drafting much of the Republican platforms of 1876 and 1896.

In 1890 to 1892 he was United States minister to Russia, and during that period had charge of distributing among the Russian famine sufferers five shiploads of food and other supplies, valued at an estimated $750,000. He was Postmaster General in the cabinet of Presidents McKinley and Roosevelt from April 1898 until January 1902, and did much to develop the rural free delivery system.

He died at his home in Philadelphia on January 19, 1908. He is buried at West Laurel Hill Cemetery in Bala Cynwyd, River Section, Lot 726.

title: Charles Emory Smith


text:
Dynamometer car

A dynamometer car is a railroad maintenance of way car used for measuring various aspects of a locomotive's performance. Measurements include tractive effort (pulling force), power, top speed, etc.

History
The first dynamometer car was probably one built in about 1838 by the "Father of Computing" Charles Babbage. Working for the Great Western Railway of Great Britain, he equipped a passenger carriage to be placed between an engine and train and record data on a continuously moving roll of paper. The recorded data included the pulling force of the engine, a plot of the path of the carriage and the vertical shake of the carriage. The work was undertaken to help support the position of the Great Western Railway in the controversy over standardizing the British track gauge.

In the United States, the Pennsylvania Railroad began using dynamometer cars in the 1860s. The first modern dynamometer car in the United States was built in 1874 by P. H. Dudley for the New York Central Railroad.

The early cars used a system of springs and mechanical linkages to effectively use the front coupler on the car as a scale and directly measure the force on the coupler. The car would also have a means to measure the speed of the train. Later versions used a hydraulic cylinder and line to transmit the force to the recording device.

Modern dynamometer cars typically use electronic solid state measuring devices and instrumentation such as strain gauges.

A LNER dynamometer car was used to record No 4468 Mallard's speed record in 1938, and has been preserved at the National Railway Museum in York, England. This was also used for British Railways 1948 Locomotive Exchange Trials along with two other dynamometer cars, both of which have also survived into preservation.

A car originally belonging to the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, is preserved at the National Railroad Museum located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. A car built for the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad is preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum.

Usage
While the principal purpose of the dynamometer car was to measure the power output of locomotive, other data were typically collected, such as smoke box data, throttle settings and valve cut offs, fuel burn rates, and water usage to determine the overall performance and efficiency of the locomotive.

Data would typically be recorded on time-indexed continuous paper recording rolls for the pull and velocity. Power would later be manually calculated from these data on early cars. Some later cars were equipped with a mechanical integrator to directly record the power.

A separate use for the car was to test a particular rail route to rate it for tonnage based on a run with a dynamometer car and recording the effect of the grades and curvature on the capacity and resulting power requirements for that line.

Power calculations
The operating principle of the dynamometer car is based on the basic equation for power being equal to force times distance over time.
 * $$P = \frac{F\cdot d}{t}$$

This equation can be reduced to power equals force times velocity:
 * $$P = F\cdot\frac{d}{t}=F\cdot V$$

In other words, the instantaneous power output of the locomotive can be calculated by measuring the pull on the coupler and multiplying by the current speed.

 * $$P =50,000 ~ \text{lbf} \cdot \frac{30 ~ \text{mi}} {\text{h}} \cdot \frac{5280 ~ \text{ft}}{\text{mi}} \cdot \frac{\text{h}}{3600 ~ \text{s}} = 2,200,000 ~ \frac{\text{ft} \cdot \text{lbf}}{\text{s}}$$

Converting to horse power gives:

 * $$P = 2,200,000 ~ \frac{\text{ft} \cdot \text{lbf}} {\text{s}} \cdot \frac{1 ~ \text{hp}}{550 ~ \text{ft} \cdot \text{lbf} / \text{s}} = 4,000 ~ \text{hp}$$

title: Dynamometer car


text:
User:Satori/sun

List of pages with "sun" not capitalized, for searching for violations of Manual of Style Celestial body capitalization.

 * 1512
 * 1898 invasion of Guantánamo Bay
 * 1927_in_Ireland
 * 199
 * 1999_NHL_Entry_Draft
 * 1_E17_m
 * 2061:_Odyssey_Three
 * 221
 * 238
 * 3200_Phaethon
 * 619
 * 61_Cygni
 * 90377_Sedna
 * 927
 * A.E.I.O.U.
 * A_Hat_Full_of_Sky
 * A_Shropshire_Lad
 * Abbas_I_of_Egypt
 * Absolute_magnitude
 * Absolutely_Free
 * Abu-Dahr
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 * Falcon_I
 * Falcon_V
 * Fancy_rat
 * Farewell_to_Nova_Scotia
 * Faust_Vrancic
 * February
 * February_2004
 * Feng_Shui
 * Fermi_paradox
 * Fernsehturm
 * Fiddler's_Green
 * Final_Fantasy_IX
 * Final_Fantasy_VII_terms
 * Finland
 * Five_Elements
 * Flacq
 * Flag_days_in_Sweden
 * Flag_of_Angola
 * Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda
 * Flag_of_Argentina
 * Flag_of_Bangladesh
 * Flag_of_British_Columbia
 * Flag_of_Georgia_(country)
 * Flag_of_Greenland
 * Flag_of_Japan
 * Flag_of_Kazakhstan
 * Flag_of_Kiribati
 * Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan
 * Flag_of_New_Mexico
 * Flag_of_Thailand
 * Flag_of_the_Philippines
 * Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China
 * Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia
 * Flags_of_the_Philippine_Revolution
 * Flat_Earth
 * Flat_Earth_Society
 * Flavio_Gioia
 * Flint_Island
 * Flower_war
 * Food_Street
 * Force_multiplier
 * Foreign_relations_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia
 * Fortaleza
 * Foz_do_Iguaçu
 * Francis_Baily
 * Frankie_Bones
 * François_de_La_Rochefoucauld
 * Fred_Noonan
 * Freemasonry
 * Fudan_University
 * Full_moon
 * Full_moon_cycle
 * Fusion_power
 * Fuyu
 * Gaia_theory_(science)
 * Galaxy
 * Galileo_Galilei
 * Galileo_Galilei_(opera)
 * Galley
 * Gambrinus
 * Gangneung
 * Ganymede_(moon)
 * Gap_Creationism
 * Garden_of_Eden
 * Garlic
 * Garter_snake
 * Gear_(Static_Shock)
 * General_Sherman_Incident
 * General_Zod
 * Geneva_Bible
 * Gentian
 * Geocentric_model
 * Geodesic_dome
 * Geography_of_Afghanistan
 * Geography_of_Africa
 * George_Becali
 * George_Frederic_Watts
 * George_Gabriel_Stokes
 * George_Graham_Vest
 * George_Hamilton
 * George_Henry_Peters
 * George_Marshall
 * Georgian_mythology
 * Geosynchronous_orbit_derivation
 * Gerald_Hawkins
 * Gerald_and_Sara_Murphy
 * German_auxiliary_cruiser_Atlantis
 * Ghazal
 * Gienah
 * Gisborne
 * Glacial_Region_of_the_Alps
 * Global_warming
 * Globe
 * Glory_(optical_phenomenon)
 * Glossary_of_nautical_terms
 * Gnomon
 * Gog
 * Golden_Mean
 * Gondola
 * Gongsun_Du
 * Gongsun_Kang
 * Gongsun_Longzi
 * Gongsun_Yuan
 * Gongsun_Zan
 * Gooseberry
 * Goseck_circle
 * Grammy_Awards_of_1998
 * Gravity
 * Great_Sandy_Desert
 * Greatwinter
 * Greco-Buddhism
 * Greek_lexicon
 * Green_ray
 * Greenhouse_effect
 * Greenhouse_gas
 * Guan_Yu
 * Guido_Guinizelli
 * Gulf_of_Sidra_incident_(1981)
 * Gutta-percha
 * Gwangju
 * Gypsy_moth
 * HAL_9000
 * HSBC_Hong_Kong_headquarters_building
 * Habitable_planet
 * Habsburg
 * Hackers:_Heroes_of_the_Computer_Revolution
 * Hadley_cell
 * Haida_mythology
 * Haleakala
 * Half_Caste
 * Halley_Research_Station
 * Halloween
 * Halo_(optical_phenomenon)
 * Hamal
 * Hand_of_Omega
 * Hanno_the_Navigator
 * Haohmaru
 * Hartnett
 * Hatha_yoga
 * Hathor
 * Havre,_Montana
 * Hay
 * Headgear
 * Heavy_metal_umlaut
 * Hebei
 * Heinkel_He_112
 * Heliacal_rising
 * Heliades
 * Heliamphora
 * Heliocentrism
 * Heliopause
 * Heliopolis
 * Helios
 * Heliotrope
 * Heliozoa
 * Hema_(mythology)
 * Henge
 * Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow
 * Henryk_Arctowski
 * Heraldry
 * Herman's_Tortoise
 * Hermes
 * Herschel_Island
 * Hesperides
 * Hillside_Strangler
 * Himiko
 * Hindu_calendar
 * Hippeastrum
 * Historical_Chinese_anthems
 * History_of_California
 * History_of_Cape_Colony_from_1806_to_1870
 * History_of_Geodesy
 * History_of_Korea
 * History_of_LSD
 * History_of_Western_philosophy
 * History_of_astrology
 * History_of_astronomy
 * Hohenlinden
 * Holiday_camp
 * Hollow_Earth
 * Home_Means_Nevada
 * Honda_S600
 * Hong_Bok-won
 * Horizontal_coordinate_system
 * Horoscope
 * Hors
 * Horton_Plains_National_Park
 * Horus
 * Hour
 * Hourglass
 * Hub_gear
 * Hubaekje
 * Huitzilopochtli
 * Human_skin_color
 * Hume's_fork
 * Hun-Apu
 * Hundred_Schools_of_Thought
 * Hungarian_Old_Country,_The-:_by_Dr._Istvan_Kiszely
 * Hungarian_prehistory
 * Huns
 * Hunstanton
 * Hwasun-gun
 * Hwasun_County
 * Hydrogen_fuel
 * Hymn_of_the_Soviet_Union
 * Hymne_Monégasque
 * Hyperborea
 * Hyperborei
 * Hyperion_(mythology)
 * Hypocalcaemia
 * Hyrax
 * Hyssop
 * ILOVEYOU_virus
 * Icarus_(mythology)
 * Identification_of_Emily_Dickinson_Poems
 * Identity_document
 * Ideogram
 * Ife
 * Ili_Kazakh_Autonomous_Prefecture
 * Imaginary_memories
 * Imbolc
 * Imhotep
 * Immanuel_Velikovsky
 * Impact_event
 * In_the_Rain
 * Inca_Empire
 * Inclined_orbit
 * Indian_Standard_Time
 * Indian_science
 * Indians_of_Canada_Pavilion
 * Infinite_Corridor
 * Infinite_Ryvius
 * Infrared_astronomy
 * Insomniac_with_Dave_Attell
 * International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement
 * Interplanetary_travel
 * Inti
 * Ip_Chun
 * Iranian_calendar
 * Isaac_Asimov_complete_bibliography
 * Isaac_Newton_(in_depth)
 * Isaac_Newton_(in_depth,_2/3)
 * Isambard_Kingdom_Brunel
 * Isha'a
 * Ishtar
 * Islamic_calendar
 * Istiklâl_Marsi
 * Iulius_Obsequens
 * Iwo
 * Ixbalanque
 * Ixchel
 * Jack_of_Shadows
 * Jackson_Park
 * Jacob's_Ladder_(Bible)
 * Jacobus_Kapteyn
 * Jade_plant
 * James_Croll
 * James_Fitzmaurice
 * James_Somers
 * Japanese_Red_Pine
 * Japanese_grammar
 * Japanese_mythology
 * Japanese_nouns
 * Japanese_poetry
 * Java_Database_Connectivity
 * Jealousy
 * Jebtsundamba
 * Jekaupa_Diena
 * Jerusalem_artichoke
 * Jewish_symbolism
 * Jimmy_Nicol
 * Jody_call
 * Johannes_and_David_Fabricius
 * John_Crowne
 * John_Ericsson
 * John_Harrison
 * John_L._Phillips
 * Joseba_Beloki
 * Joseon
 * Joseon_Dynasty
 * Joseph_Adhemar
 * Joseph_Norman_Lockyer
 * Joseph_Plateau
 * Joshua
 * Joünié
 * Julia_Domna
 * Julia_Kristeva
 * Julia_Maesa
 * Jurgi
 * Jussi_Björling
 * Justice_League_(animated_series)
 * Juvenile_dermatomyositis
 * Kalevala
 * Kara-Khanid_Khanate
 * Karihi
 * Kashmiri_Pandit
 * Kashmiri_Pandits
 * Kautokeino
 * Kemal_Atatürk
 * Kemi_Sami
 * Kent_State_shootings
 * Kepler's_laws_of_planetary_motion
 * Khachkar
 * Khelben_"Blackstaff"_Arunsun
 * Khorasan
 * Khors
 * Ki_goddess_of_Mesopotamia
 * Kigo
 * Kilcar
 * Kim_Hee-sun
 * Kinder-Morgan_Energy_Partners
 * King_Gidora
 * Kirghiz
 * Kiya
 * Knut_Hamsun
 * Knut_Ångström
 * Kon-Tiki
 * Konstanz
 * Korean_mythology
 * Korsun_Pocket
 * Krypton_(planet)
 * Kua_Fu
 * Kuiper_belt
 * Kuomintang
 * Kurma
 * Kuzari
 * Köppen_climate_classification
 * L'Oréal
 * La_Congolaise
 * Ladbroke_Grove_rail_crash
 * Lagadha
 * Laminate
 * Land_of_the_Lost_(1974_television_series)
 * Land_of_the_Sun
 * Landsat_1
 * Lane
 * Lar_Gand
 * Lasius
 * Lassell_(Lunar_crater)
 * Laume
 * Laurence_Binyon
 * LeSage_(gravity)
 * Leaf
 * Leap_year
 * Lee_Teng-hui
 * Left-handed
 * Lelang_commandery
 * Leo
 * Les_Baxter
 * Leto
 * Leucothea
 * Levant
 * Levi_ben_Gerson
 * Lido
 * Life-death-rebirth_deity
 * Lift_Every_Voice_and_Sing
 * List_of_Bhutanese_proverbs
 * List_of_Biblical_names
 * List_of_Buddhists
 * List_of_China-related_topics_123-L
 * List_of_Chinese_Americans
 * List_of_Chinese_battles
 * List_of_Chinese_people
 * List_of_Confucianists
 * List_of_Dendrobium_species
 * List_of_Emperors_of_the_Qing_Dynasty
 * [List_of_English_proverbs]
 * List_of_German_proverbs
 * List_of_Idaho_county_name_etymologies
 * List_of_Japan-related_topics_123-K
 * List_of_Korea-related_topics_(1-K)
 * List_of_Latin_proverbs
 * List_of_Manchuria-related_topics
 * List_of_Neopets
 * List_of_Polish_proverbs
 * List_of_Spanish_expressions_in_common_English
 * List_of_Turkish_Field_Marshals
 * List_of_U.S._state_name_etymologies
 * List_of_World_War_II_aces_by_country
 * List_of_airports_in_France
 * List_of_airports_in_Turkey
 * List_of_answer_songs
 * List_of_battles_before_AD_601
 * List_of_capitals_of_subnational_entities
 * List_of_cities_in_California
 * List_of_city_name_changes
 * List_of_colleges_and_universities_starting_with_C
 * List_of_country_name_etymologies
 * List_of_craters_on_Mercury
 * List_of_deities
 * List_of_diseases_starting_with_T
 * List_of_ethicists
 * List_of_famous_experiments
 * List_of_fictional_deities
 * List_of_garden_plants
 * List_of_geological_features_on_Io
 * List_of_homophones
 * List_of_mountains_on_Io
 * List_of_newspapers
 * List_of_oncology-related_terms
 * List_of_optical_topics
 * List_of_other_Charmed_magical_information
 * List_of_oxymora
 * List_of_paterae_on_Io
 * List_of_people_by_name:_Gom-Goq
 * List_of_people_by_name:_Lo
 * List_of_political_parties_in_Malaysia
 * List_of_self-referential_songs
 * List_of_songs_that_use_the_same_rhyme_throughout
 * List_of_songs_whose_title_includes_geographical_names
 * List_of_the_most_populous_subnational_entities
 * List_of_tongue-twisters
 * List_of_two-letter_English_words
 * Little_Corella
 * Liu_Bei
 * Liverpool
 * Logarithmic_spiral
 * Logical_conditional
 * Logical_conjunction
 * Logicians
 * Londonderry_Air
 * Lonely_Mountain
 * Longitude
 * Lord_Zedd
 * Low-key_lighting
 * Lugh
 * Lukla
 * Luminiferous_aether
 * Luminosity
 * Lupang_Hinirang
 * Lusiada_University
 * Lynching
 * Lynden,_Washington
 * Lyon
 * Léon_Foucault
 * MER-A
 * MER-A_timeline_for_2004_March
 * MER-B_timeline_for_2004_February
 * MER-B_timeline_for_2004_March
 * Ma_Normandie
 * Maamme
 * Maarav
 * Madagascar_Periwinkle
 * Magic_carpet
 * Mahasiddha
 * Mahdi
 * Makó
 * Malina
 * Mama
 * Mamikonian
 * Mammatus
 * Manco_Capac
 * Mandrake_(plant)
 * Mandsaur
 * Manhattan_Project
 * Manilius_(crater)
 * Manscaping
 * Mansun
 * Mantell_Incident
 * Mantra
 * Mao_Zedong
 * Maori
 * Margaritaville
 * Marginated_Tortoise
 * Mars_Exploration_Rover_Mission
 * Mars_Polar_Lander
 * Marsaxlokk
 * Martenitsa
 * Masque
 * Mata_Hari
 * Matvei_Gusev
 * Maui_(mythology)
 * Maunder_Minimum
 * May_19
 * Maya_civilization
 * Maya_mythology
 * McMansion
 * Medical_record
 * Mehmet_Ali's_seizure_of_power
 * Meinerzhagen
 * Melanocyte-stimulating_hormone
 * Melqart
 * Mencius
 * Menelaus_(crater)
 * Mercer_County_Waterfront_Park
 * Mercury_(planet)
 * Mercury_6
 * Meridian_(geography)
 * Merope
 * Mesklin
 * Mesoamerica
 * Metaphysical_objectivism
 * Metztli
 * Michael_Scot
 * Microwave_power_transmission
 * Midnight_sun
 * Midsummer
 * Miguel_Ruiz
 * Mike_Portnoy
 * Miki_Imai
 * Mila_Rodino
 * Milan_Rastislav_Stefanik
 * Milarepa
 * Milos_Wall_Lizard
 * Milton_Keynes
 * Minnesota_Wild
 * Minor_characters_in_Star_Wars
 * Minotaur
 * Mirage
 * Mist_Trail
 * Mithraism
 * Mitra
 * Mizrach
 * Modern_geocentrism
 * Modern_world
 * Mog_Ruith
 * Mohenjo-daro
 * Moloch
 * Montauk_Point_State_Park
 * Montgomery_Burns
 * Montparnasse
 * Montreuil-sous-Bois
 * Morlocks
 * Moro_Crater_Massacre
 * Morris_dance
 * Mortriden
 * Mound-builders
 * Mount_Hikurangi
 * Mount_Kinabalu
 * Mount_Warning
 * Mountain_Gorilla
 * Mountaineering
 * Mpumalanga_Province
 * Mt._Fuji
 * Muad'Dib
 * Mudbrick
 * Muhammad_al-Mahdi
 * Mule
 * Mulga
 * Multiple_sclerosis
 * Music_of_Latvia
 * Mustehssun
 * NVIDIA_Corporation
 * NYC_Hudson
 * Nabonidus
 * Nama_language
 * Names_of_Korea
 * Names_of_the_Levant
 * Nan_Elmoth
 * Nana_Buluku
 * Nanauatzin
 * Nanhai_Chao
 * Narnia
 * Naruto_characters
 * Nat_Turner
 * Natal_chart
 * National_Defense_Reserve_Fleet
 * National_Solar_Observatory
 * Navaho_mythology
 * Navigation
 * Nebra_skydisk
 * Nebraska_State_Capitol
 * Necho_II
 * Nefertari
 * Nehebkau
 * Nemesis_(Asimov)
 * Neo-Nazism
 * Nergal
 * Nessun_Dorma
 * Neutrino
 * Newcomb's_Tables_of_the_Sun
 * Newgrange
 * Nexus:_the_Jupiter_Incident
 * Nibiru
 * Nicolaus_Copernicus
 * Nicéphore_Nièpce
 * Nigeria
 * Night
 * Nightfall_(Asimov)
 * Ningen-sengen
 * Nissan
 * Nissan_240Z
 * Nissan_Bluebird
 * Nissan_Fairlady
 * Nissan_Maxima
 * Nissan_Micra
 * Nissan_Pulsar
 * Nissan_Silvia
 * Nissan_Skyline
 * Nissan_Stanza
 * Nissan_Sunny
 * No._IV_Squadron_RAF
 * Non-standard_cosmology
 * Noon
 * Norse_mythology
 * North
 * North_Cape
 * North_Carolina_State_Toast
 * North_Carolina_communities
 * North_Korea
 * Northern_Hemisphere
 * Northern_Light_(album)
 * Norway
 * Now_and_Then,_Here_and_There
 * Nowogard
 * Nuclear_fusion
 * Nude_beach
 * Nudism
 * Nuit
 * Nuwara_Eliya
 * Oat
 * Obelisk
 * Obscuris_vera_involvens
 * Observation
 * Occam's_Razor
 * Ocean_thermal_energy_conversion
 * Octaeteris
 * Ode_to_Newfoundland
 * Oenopion
 * Oh_Uganda,_Land_of_Beauty
 * Oleg_Popow
 * Oliver_Hazard_Perry_class_frigate
 * Olympic_Aquatic_Centre_(Athens)
 * On_leaving_ireland
 * One_Night_Only
 * Only_Fools_and_Horses
 * Oolong
 * Oort_cloud
 * Open_Polar_Sea
 * Operation:_Annihilate!
 * Ophion
 * Ophrys_lutea
 * Optical_phenomenon
 * Orang_Pendek
 * Orbital_period
 * Orbiter_(sim)
 * Orchamus
 * Orders_of_magnitude_(length)
 * Orient
 * Orkney_Islands
 * Oslo
 * Osogbo
 * Our_Lady_of_Fatima
 * Oxen_of_the_Sun
 * PT-141
 * Paarl
 * Padmarajan
 * Palindrome
 * Pallor
 * Pangasinan
 * Pangrams
 * Parade_(military)
 * Paradigm_shift
 * Parhelion
 * Parish_Ale
 * Pasha
 * Passage_grave
 * Passive_solar
 * Patent
 * Paul_Revere's_Ride
 * Pausanias_(geographer)
 * Pellucidar
 * Pelopidas
 * Penkyamp
 * Pentecost
 * Perkunas
 * Persepolis
 * Personages_of_the_Three_Kingdoms
 * Peter_Andreas_Hansen
 * Phanes
 * Pharisee
 * Phaëton
 * Phil_Williams_(politician)
 * Philip_Larkin
 * Phillips_Academy
 * Philo's_Works
 * Philosophy_of_perception
 * Photodermatitis
 * Photosynthesis
 * Phra_That_Si_Song_Rak
 * Physical_fitness
 * Pierre-Simon_Laplace
 * Pierson's_Puppeteer
 * Pillars_of_Hercules
 * Pioneer_P-30
 * Pioneer_P-31
 * Pip_(South_Park)
 * Pistol_Star
 * Piz_Buin
 * Places_in_The_Hitchhiker's_Guide_to_the_Galaxy
 * Places_in_the_Wheel_of_Time_series
 * Planet
 * Planet_of_the_Daleks
 * Plato
 * Plato's_allegory_of_the_cave
 * Plato's_metaphor_of_the_sun
 * Plato_(crater)
 * Platonic_epistemology
 * Pliny_the_Elder
 * Pliny_the_Younger
 * Plum
 * Poetry_of_Jim_Morrison
 * Poincaré_map
 * Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle
 * Polar_Sun_Synchronous_Orbit
 * Polar_night
 * Politics_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda
 * Politics_of_Argentina
 * Politics_of_Bangladesh
 * Politics_of_Kazakhstan
 * Politics_of_Kyrgyzstan
 * Politics_of_Malawi
 * Politics_of_Nigeria
 * Politics_of_Uruguay
 * Pombero
 * Pompeii
 * Ponaturi
 * Pora
 * Port_Chicago,_California
 * Port_Chicago_disaster
 * Positional_astronomy
 * Pow-wow
 * Prague_Orloj
 * Prambanan
 * Precambrian
 * Precession
 * Priene
 * Procyon
 * Protos_o_Hlios
 * Provinces_of_Turkey
 * Psychosynthesis
 * Pterygium
 * Ptolemaeus_(Lunar_crater)
 * Ptolemaic_system
 * Puerto_de_la_Cruz,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife
 * Pumpkinseed
 * Punch_(strike)
 * Punchau
 * Punk_rock
 * Pusan_(god)
 * Pwyll_(crater)
 * Pygmy_mythology
 * Pyramus_and_Thisbe
 * Pysanka
 * Pytheas
 * Quito
 * RA
 * Ra
 * Radiant_energy
 * Radiation_pressure
 * Radiative_cooling
 * Radical_(Chinese_character)
 * Raffles_Girls'_School_(Secondary)
 * Ragnarok
 * Ragwort
 * Rahu
 * Rainbow
 * Raisin
 * Ramesseum
 * Rammed_earth
 * Rammstein_(song)
 * Ranger_4
 * Rash
 * Raven_(mythology)
 * Ravnos
 * Reality
 * Reasoning
 * Red_Cross
 * Redlegs
 * References_to_Star_Trek_in_South_Park
 * Refrain
 * Regular_polytope
 * Religion_and_mythology
 * Remembrance_of_the_Daleks
 * Renewable_energy
 * Republic_of_Macedonia
 * Reseda_Odorata
 * Revenge
 * Rhodes
 * Richard_Cassels
 * Richard_III_(play)
 * Rickets
 * Risingsun,_Ohio
 * Robert_Bell
 * Robert_Clive,_1st_Baron_Clive
 * Roh_Moo-hyun
 * Roman_Emperor
 * Roman_calendar
 * Ronald_N._Bracewell
 * Rosetta_space_probe_timeline
 * Routes_list_of_KMB_in_1979
 * Rovaniemi
 * Rule_of_succession
 * Rule_of_thumb
 * Rulers_of_Korea
 * Ruy_Lopez
 * SETI
 * SPF
 * SS_Jeremiah_O'Brien
 * STS-3
 * STS-51-F
 * STS-60
 * STS-64
 * STS-66
 * STS-8
 * STS-82
 * S_matrix
 * Sa_Kaeo_province
 * Sabbat_(neopaganism)
 * Sacramento,_California
 * Sacramento_River_Delta
 * Sahure
 * Saint_Louis_Blues_(music)
 * Salah
 * Salal
 * Salients,_re-entrants_and_pockets
 * Saltwater_Crocodile
 * Sama
 * Samson
 * Samsun
 * Samsun_Province
 * Samuel_Prout
 * San_Francisco_Bay
 * San_Francisco_Bay_Area
 * San_Juan_Islands
 * San_Pablo_Bay
 * Sanguo_Zhi
 * Sankranthi
 * Sarnia_Cherie
 * Saros
 * Sasun
 * Saturn_(planet)
 * Satyajit_Ray
 * Scaled_Composites_SpaceShipOne
 * Scandza
 * Scarab_beetle
 * Schickard_(crater)
 * Schiller_(crater)
 * Science_in_the_United_States
 * Scientific_revolution
 * Sciuridae
 * Scorpius
 * Scottish_Term_Day
 * Sean_McMullen
 * Season
 * Seasonal_year
 * Second_Lateran_Council
 * Second_Sight
 * Secretariat_Building,_India
 * Sefer_haYashar_(midrash)
 * Seipp's_day_gecko
 * Sekhmet
 * Sense_and_reference
 * Sextant
 * Shabbir_Banoobhai
 * Shadow_marks
 * Shake,_Rattle_and_Roll
 * Shaku
 * Shamash
 * Shapiro_effect
 * Shingon_Buddhism
 * Shofixti
 * Si_Shui_Gate
 * Sia
 * Sidereal_day
 * Sikhote-Alin_Meteorite
 * Silk_comforter
 * Silver_Taps
 * Silversun
 * Silverwing
 * Sima_Qian
 * Similarities_between_the_Bible_and_the_Qur'an
 * Simile
 * Simo_Häyhä
 * Sin_(mythology)
 * Sinicuichi
 * Sisyphus
 * Skaro
 * Skies_of_other_planets
 * Skin_cancer
 * Skoll
 * Sky_Father
 * Skylab
 * Slavery
 * Sleepy_Hollow_(Mars)
 * Slowworm
 * Smartism
 * Sobek
 * Software_patent_debate
 * Soil
 * Sol
 * Sol_(goddess)
 * Sol_(mythology)
 * Sol_Invictus
 * Sol_Invictus_(band)
 * Solano_County,_California
 * Solar_Tower
 * Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory
 * Solar_azimuth_angle
 * Solar_box_cooker
 * Solar_constant
 * Solar_eclipse
 * Solar_elevation_angle
 * Solar_forge
 * Solar_hot_water
 * Solar_nebula
 * Solar_neutrino_problem
 * Solar_panel
 * Solar_power
 * Solar_radiation
 * Solar_sail
 * Solar_symbol
 * Solar_time
 * Solifugae
 * Solstice
 * Somos_libres,_seámoslo_siempre
 * Sonne
 * Soobahk
 * Sound_symbolism
 * South_Jeolla
 * South_Tyrol
 * Southern_Hemisphere
 * Soyuz_spacecraft
 * Spanish_Empire
 * Spanish_Moss
 * Spanish_grammar
 * Special_cities_of_Korea
 * Speckled_day_gecko
 * Spider-Man_2
 * Splash_pad
 * Spurius_Cassius_Vecellinus
 * Sri_Dalada_Maligawa
 * Stacy_Paul_Winchell
 * Standard_of_proof
 * Star
 * Star_Fleet_Universe
 * Star_Trek_IV:_The_Voyage_Home
 * Stargate_(movie)
 * Stargate_SG-1
 * States_of_Nigeria
 * Stellar_classification
 * Stellar_evolution
 * Stone_Mountain_Park
 * Stone_circle
 * Stonehenge
 * Strange_Fruit
 * Stratford_Festival_of_Canada
 * Stratification_(botany)
 * Strawberry
 * Student_Liberation_Front
 * Stuyvesant_High_School
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title: User:Satori/sun


text:
The Man with the Red Tattoo

The Man with the Red Tattoo, first published in 2002, was the sixth and final original novel by Raymond Benson featuring Ian Fleming's character James Bond. Carrying the Ian Fleming Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam. It was later published in Japan in 2003. The novel's working title was Red Widow Dawn.

After the publication of The Man with the Red Tattoo, Benson wrote the novelisation of Die Another Day, which was published later in the year. Die Another Day is considered Benson's final James Bond novel, the following Bond stories being a series of novels about a teenage James Bond in the 1930s by Charlie Higson (see Young Bond), and a trilogy of faux-autobiographies by Samantha Weinberg entitled The Moneypenny Diaries, focusing on Miss Moneypenny. On 28 August 2005 Ian Fleming Publications confirmed that it was planning to publish a one-off adult Bond novel in 2008 to mark the 100th anniversary of Ian Fleming's birth. In July 2007 it was confirmed that the book had been completed by Sebastian Faulks, titled Devil May Care.

Benson at one time had plans to release a collection of short Bond stories, but after abruptly announcing his retirement in early 2003 from writing Bond novels, the project was never pursued. Not counting novelisations, The Man with the Red Tattoo marks the 35th original James Bond novel (including short story collections) since Ian Fleming introduced the character nearly 50 years earlier.

Plot introduction
On a flight from Japan to the United Kingdom, a young Japanese woman dies of a mysterious illness. The illness is a mutated version of the West Nile virus. James Bond finds out that not only was she the daughter of an important Japanese businessman, her entire family is also dead. James Bond travels to Japan in search of the killer. Here Bond reunites with his longtime friend Tiger Tanaka, who introduces him to a female Japanese agent who is later killed by the mutant virus.

Publication history

 * UK first hardback edition: 2 May 2002 Hodder & Stoughton
 * US first hardback edition: 6 June 2002 Putnam
 * UK first paperback edition: 9 June 2003 Coronet Books
 * US first paperback edition: May 2003 Jove Books

title: The Man with the Red Tattoo