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EBaum's World

eBaum's World is an entertainment website owned by Literally Media. The site was founded in 2001 and features comedy content such as memes, viral videos, images, and other forms of Internet culture. Content is primarily user submitted in exchange for points through a monetary point system "eBones."

History of ownership
eBaum's World originated in Rochester, New York, featuring entertainment media such as videos, Adobe Flash cartoons, and web games. The site was created and owned by Eric "eBaum" Bauman and his father, Neil. In August 2007, eBaum's World was acquired by HandHeld Entertainment, also known as ZVUE Corporation, for $15 million up front, $2.5 million in HandHeld stock, and up to $52.5 million in cash and stock over 3 years.

On January 31, 2009, Bauman and the company's staff were terminated by ZVUE and the company moved to the San Francisco ZVUE offices. As of 2016, the Israel-based company Literally Media held a controlling stake of eBaum's World.

eBaum's World is owned and operated by Literally Media, which also owns Cheezburger, Know Your Meme, and Cracked.com.

Features
The site features individual celebrity soundboards, where users can click buttons to hear quotes or phrases spoken by that celebrity.

There is a chat room, a store that sells eBaum merchandise, and a section called "Moron Mail", which features feedback sent in by users.

The site featured a message board, which existed until 2019. Currently Bauman still operates a board created just after his termination by ZVUE. The forum was named sbaumsworld as a reference to Bauman's history with eBaum's World.

Copyright infringement and controversy
eBaum's World has garnered controversy due to numerous incidents of content being taken from other sites (such as YTMND, Something Awful, Albino Blacksheep, 4chan, Olde English, Weebl's Stuff, and Newgrounds) without attribution. Companies such as Viacom have claimed that eBaum's World has infringed on their copyrights. The site denied critics' claims, citing research done by site editors and the consent form that must accompany uploads of material. eBaum's World claimed to honor all requests to remove unauthorized material.

Timeline
"Hello, I am the author of Animator vs. Animation ...
 * In 2003, Eric Bauman was threatened with legal action by corporations, citing unauthorized use of trademarked names or copyrighted material. One notable case involved the "soundboards" and the audio used within them.
 * In January 2006, an animated image titled "Lindsay Lohan Doesn't Change Facial Expressions" was lifted from YTMND.com and posted at eBaum's World with the latter site's watermark superimposed. The incident touched off a feud between the two sites, resulting in eBaum's World removing the animation.
 * On May 26, 2006, several images from the Something Awful forums were displayed on the eBaum's World website. The images on eBaum's World were cropped to remove the Something Awful watermark. The page was removed later in the day following multiple complaints being expressed on the eBaum's World forums. As a result, Something Awful switched to a more invasive watermark template.
 * On June 12, 2006, Steven Lerner of Albino Blacksheep explained that eBaum's World took the popular Flash animation "Animator vs. Animation", and the creator of the Flash animation, Alan Becker, would take legal action against eBaum's World. Albino Blacksheep has also threatened legal action and claims that other websites have also asserted difficulties with Eric Bauman. Lerner and Becker used the MochiBot Flash tracking tool to track who used the animation on their web sites. Lerner also explained that the Flash animation is legally protected under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998. Furthermore, when the Flash animation was posted on eBaum's World, it had been decompiled and the line "Hosted on albinoblacksheep.com" was removed. On June 9, Bauman sent Becker a $250 check as well as entering him into a monthly "contest" (of which Becker was the de facto winner) in hopes of having any legal charges dropped. Becker was also told to submit a pre-written statement claiming that none of eBaum's World's content was stolen, and that Bauman had contacted him prior to his content being posted on the site. Alan accepted this proposal, and later submitted this letter of apology to the Flash community of Albino Blacksheep:

I feel so ashamed, and the world is ashamed of me.

I fell into eBaum's trap. I gave them fuel to fight back.

With their constant persuasion and offers for money, they made me write a quote saying that everything was fine. Of course everything was fine for me, because I had the money they had given me. What can you expect, I was dead poor before, I have no experience with business. The quote says they contacted me before they posted my animation on their website, however I did not give them permission to put it on."

 * On June 26, 2006, eBaum's World removed the animation and the apology from Becker from their web site.

"Mr. Mokris,
 * On July 9, 2006, eBaum's World hosted an animation called "Dumb Dinosaur", originally found on Albino Blacksheep and Spinnerdisc.com. They subsequently removed the animation, and issued this apologetic statement to Drew Mokris, creator of Dumb Dinosaur:

We were recently contacted by a fan of yours in regards to the July 9th post on your website declaring that you did not give us permission to feature your flash animation. First off, I apologize for the mixup, your flash was submitted to us via our upload form and our clearance dept's initial review led us to believe it was submitted by the original author. I have removed the animation from the system, although it may take a few hours for the changes to be reflected for all users. Once again, my apologies for the mixup, and keep up the good work, we are big fans of your animations!"

Right This Minute
eBaum's World had a weekly segment on ABC-Disney's Right This Minute called "Real or Fake" since July 2012. Each week longtime eBaum's World editor MacDreidel brings three video clips that are viewed, discussed and ultimately voted on by the show's hosts to determine if the video is a real viral video, or a staged fake.

Television series attempt
On January 24, 2006, USA Network made a deal with the Fox Television Studios to create a television program based on eBaum's World. Producers described it as a late-night companion special to air with WWE Raw, featuring clips from the Web site, as well as new and exclusive content including interviews with former and current eBaum's World subjects. The show was to feature former TechTV Host Martin Sargent of Unscrewed and professional wrestler Chris Jericho. The show was being executive produced by Simon Andreae through his production company, The Incubator, in association with Fox Television Studios. The cease and desist letters from this company were removed when this show was announced.

Web Soup
G4's television show Web Soup partnered with eBaum's World for its popular "This Week in FAIL" segment for its third-season run.

title: EBaum's World


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Rome Township

Rome Township may refer to:

 * Rome Township, Jefferson County, Illinois
 * Rome Township, Jones County, Iowa
 * Rome Township, Lenawee County, Michigan
 * Rome Township, Faribault County, Minnesota
 * Rome Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio
 * Rome Township, Athens County, Ohio
 * Rome Township, Lawrence County, Ohio
 * Rome Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania
 * Rome Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania
 * Rome Township, Davison County, South Dakota, in Davison County, South Dakota
 * Rome Township, Deuel County, South Dakota, in Deuel County, South Dakota

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rome Township


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Rose Township

Rose Township may refer to:

 * Rose Township, Shelby County, Illinois
 * Rose Township, Oakland County, Michigan
 * Rose Township, Ogemaw County, Michigan
 * Rose Township, Stutsman County, North Dakota, in Stutsman County, North Dakota
 * Rose Township, Carroll County, Ohio
 * Rose Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania
 * Rose Township, Lyman County, South Dakota, in Lyman County, South Dakota

title: Rose Township


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Subaru XT

The Subaru XT is a two-door, front- or all-wheel drive, four passenger 2+2 coupé manufactured and marketed by Subaru for model years 1985-1991, with a facelift in 1987. At introduction, the XT was the most aerodynamic car marketed in the US market, heavily influenced by noted designer Alex Tremulis.

Marketed as the Alcyone in Japan; as the Vortex in Australia and New Zealand; and as the XT (with the EA-82 four-cylinder engine) or XT6 (with the ER-27 six-cylinder engine) in North America and Europe, all XT's were assembled at Subaru's Yajima Plant in Ota, Japan. Over its single generation, production reached just over 98,000.

The XT was conceived in the United States for the US market, and debuted globally in the US. After sales began in February 1985 in the US, the XT Turbo 4WD's debuted in Europe at the March 1985 Geneva Motor Show, followed by its Japanese debut in June 1985.

The XT was noted for its pronounced wedge shape, low coefficient of drag; aviation influences from the aircraft division of parent company Fuji Heavy Industry; and its host of features, either innovative or uncommon in the XT's class — including height-adjustable pneumatic suspension, digital dash, central locking system, op-art upholstery, fold down rear seat, pod- and center console-mounted HVAC controls, advanced trip computer, and instrument cluster that tilted with adjustment of the steering column. With available front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, depending on the model year, the XT offered three trim levels, DL, GL (non-turbo, front-drive only), and GL-10 Turbo.

The Alcyone nameplate derives from Alcyone, the brightest star in the Pleiades star cluster, stylized in the Subaru logo. The model was superseded by the Subaru Alcyone SVX in 1992.

Design
The XT featured a pronounced wedge shape, sharing a common "folded paper" design approach with the Type AA Subaru Leone. When introduced, the New York Times called it "the ultimate in jazzy design", in contrast to Subaru's other offerings. Though derived from earlier Subaru's, it was less overtly practical or commodious. The 2.7-litre flat-six engine exceeded 2000 cc in the Japanese Domestic Market, thereby exceeding government engine displacement regulations, and incurring higher annual road tax.

Aerodynamics
Subaru's trademark boxer engine with its flat, horizontally-opposed cylinder configuration, enabled the bodywork's pronounced wedge shape, and extensive wind tunnel testing further lowered the XT's coefficient of drag. Pop-up headlights contributed to the wedge shape, and rectractable button-like flaps allowed opening the door while keeping the handles flush with their adjacent bodywork. The XT used a single 22 inch windshield wiper which tucked under the hood when not in use, and rubber spoilers ahead of each wheel opening settled the airflow past the tires and wheels, while doubling as "mud guards." The result was one of the most aerodynamic production cars of its time with a coefficient of drag of 0.29, improved fuel economy, and a quieter ride due to reduced wind noise.

Features
The XT's interior used numerous aviation-like features, reflecting influences from the aircraft division of Subaru's parent company, Fuji Heavy Industries. The instruments featured pod-mounted controls for lighting, HVAC and wipers. The instrument panel moved with the standard tilt-telescope steering to keep the instruments oriented to the driver, recalling the same feature on the Isuzu Piazza and the Ford Probe introduced earlier in the 1980s and the Porsche 928 in the late 1970s. The joystick-shaped shifter integrated a thumb trigger interlock for the "on-demand" four-wheel drive. Turbo models featured a quasi-artificial horizon orange backlit liquid crystal instrument display with the tachometer, boost indicator, temperature and fuel gauges seen as three-dimensional graphs oriented to the quasi-horizon.

The XT featured a turbocharger, computer-controlled engine and transmission, adjustable height suspension and an optional digital instrument cluster. The pneumatic with height control recalled the use of Hydropneumatic suspension by Citroën, and Mercedes-Benz. Other uncommon features included an electronic in-dash trip computer, headlight washers (XT6 only), alloy wheels featuring an inset rectangular shape, pass-through folding rear seats, racing style front seats and available push-button four-wheel drive (later changed to all-wheel drive).

The XT featured a speed alarm at 55mph, that could be activated with a separate key.

1985–1987 (Pre-facelift)
The XT was launched initially as the XT in North America, Alcyone in Japan and Vortex in Australia and New Zealand. The pre-facelift XT was only powered by an H4 and was produced from 1985 to 1987.

Drivetrain
The 1985 XT was fitted with one of two engines:
 * EA-82: 1781 cc H4 producing 97 hp (72 kW) at 5200 rpm and 103 ft·lbf (140 Nm) at 3200 rpm (9.5:1 compression ratio).
 * EA-82T: 1781 cc turbocharged H4 producing 112 hp (83 kW) at 4800 rpm and 143 ft·lbf (194 Nm) at 2800 rpm (7.5:1 compression ratio; some sources say 7.7:1.) in North American specifications. In Europe the power of the XT Turbo was 136 PS at 5600 rpm and 145 ftlb at 2800 rpm; the naturally aspirated model was not sold there. Starting in 1987, power for North American cars increased to 115 hp.

These engines shared the following equipment and specifications: The XT was available with both manual and automatic transmissions. 85-87 XT Turbos were available as either front-wheel drive or part-time four-wheel drive, while the 85-87 XT non turbo cars were only available as front-wheel-drive. The part-time four-wheel-drive system, titled "On-Demand", was selectable by a push button atop the shifter.
 * 1781 cc displacement (92×67mm/3.62×2.63")
 * Multi-port fuel injection
 * Single overhead camshafts

Markets
Like other Subaru models of the same vintage, the North American market XT was sold in four models: the base-model XT DL, the better-equipped XT GL, the top-of-the-range FWD XT GL-10 Turbo and 4WD XT GL-10 Turbo-Traction. Many of the options mentioned above were available only on the GL-10 models.

In Japan it was only available as 2 turbocharged models: the Alcyone 4WD VR Turbo, and the Alcyone FF VS Turbo.

Australia and New Zealand also got 2 models, the turbocharged Vortex Turbo and the non-turbocharged Vortex XT. Initially the Vortex was only available as the non-turbocharged manual Vortex XT, but the turbo version and automatic gearbox came the following year.

European markets generally only received the XT Turbo and the XT Turbo 4WD (XT Turbo Allrad in Germany), where the car was sold in small numbers as a halo model.

1987–1991 (Facelift & XT6)
The XT received a minor update in 1987 for the second half of the 1987 model year roughly corresponding to the 1988 launch of the XT6, a new 6 cylinder model. Where earlier models featured bumper-mounted reverse lights, 1987$1/2$-up models had the reverse lights in the center taillight panel. The front and rear bumpers were also redesigned. In Japan, the original bumpers were used for the VS and VR while the VX received the new facelift. In the US, all new models received the facelifted bumpers.

All wheel drive turbo and six-cylinder models were distinguished by their headrests; base models had solid headrests, where the turbo AWD and six-cylinder models had a large rectangular hole through the center.

Drivetrain
The 1987 XT was fitted with one of 3 engines

 * EA-82: 1781 cc H4 producing 97 hp (72 kW) at 5200 rpm and 103 ft·lbf (140 Nm) at 3200 rpm (9.5:1 compression ratio).
 * EA-82T: 1781 cc turbocharged H4 producing 115 hp (86 kW) at 4800 rpm and 143 ft·lbf (194 Nm) at 2800 rpm (7.5:1 compression ratio; some sources say 7.7:1.).
 * ER-27: 2672 cc H6 producing 145 hp at 5,200 rpm and 156 ftlb at 4,000 rpm.

6 cylinder models were fitted with stiffer suspension to compensate for the new heavier engine.

Markets

In North America the updated XT was sold in 2 models: The base 4 cylinder model GL, and the new 6 cylinder model XT6. The turbo models were dropped from the North American market after the update.

In Japan, the updated XT was sold in 3 models: The turbocharged FWD VS, the turbocharged 4WD VR, and the new 6 cylinder 4WD Alcyone VX.

In New Zealand, the new 6 cylinder model was marketed as the Vortex ZZ6. However, virtually none were sold due to New Zealand's fuel options were 91 octane unleaded fuel or 96 octane leaded fuel while the ER27 required 96 octane unleaded petrol. There are only two NZ new 6 cylinder Vortex's left registered today according to NZTA fleet data.

In Japan, the part-time 4WD system was replaced entirely by the new full-time 4WD system. In the US, the XT6 was available in either FWD or with the new full-time 4WD system while the XT GL was available with either FWD or the old "On-Demand" 4WD.

Features and Options
The XT6 was fitted with a unique Cybrid adaptive electrohydraulic steering system that changed the level of assistance based on the vehicle's speed. This system did not use a conventional belt-driven power steering pump, freeing up much-needed space in the XT6's already cramped engine bay. The Cybrid system also uses hydraulic fluid that is incompatible with conventional power steering fluid (which is usually automatic transmission fluid). This fluid is still available directly from Subaru at a significant premium over more common types of hydraulic fluid.

The XT6 has two electric fans to also help performance, compared to one electric fan and one belt driven fan on all other XTs. With these changes, the XT6 was given a higher amp alternator.

The XT6 was not available with the digital instrument cluster of the turbo XT models.

Special Editions
A special "30th Anniversary" version of the Alcyone VX was produced in 1988, limited to 30 units. This version had a white and gold paint job with "30th Anniversary" side decals and a red interior.

2 prototype versions of the Alcyone VX were made in Japan for the 27th Tokyo Motor Show. The "Junko Shimada" was one that included a full black paintjob with black smooth wheel caps and a bright red leather interior, designed by Japanese fashion designer, Junko Shimada. The other was the "FICCE Special" which was a convertible version of the Alcyone with special hubcaps and interior graphics designed by Yoshiyuki Konishi. The FICCE is allegedly sitting in the Ibaraki Prefecture in need of restoration.

Market appeal and production
Overall production of the XT remained low throughout its lifespan. Although the fuel crisis of the late 1970s and ever-tightening emissions regulations had severely limited power figures from all manufacturers in the mid 1980s, the XT's paltry 134 hp wasn't enough to attract serious attention from the automotive racing crowd. One of Subaru's ads from the 1980s read, The kind of car Mercedes might have built if they were a little more frugal and a lot more inventive. The car's extra features, which certainly had some novelty appeal, were uncharacteristic of this class of car and may not have contributed much to the XT's sales. In the 1980s, consumers with surplus cash in search of a better-equipped vehicle did not generally start shopping at Subaru.

Subaru produced 98,918 XTs, XT6s, and Alcyone's. Surprisingly, only 8,170 of these were sold in the Japanese market.

While the XT was an interesting design exercise, it did little to grow Subaru's sales. The company has seen much more widespread success in the significantly more mainstream Legacy, Legacy Outback and Impreza WRX models introduced in recent years.

The Subaru XT Turbo was the official car for the Most Valuable Player for Super Bowl XXII presented by SPORT magazine in 1988, eventually won by Washington Redskins quarterback Doug Williams, and The Subaru XT6 was the official car for the Most Valuable Player for Super Bowl XXIII in 1989, eventually won by San Francisco 49ers wide receiver Jerry Rice.

Motorsports
The XT was almost never officially used for racing. One exception is the 1985 Wynn's Safari Australia where one XT competed, however it received damage and was not able to finish.

title: Subaru XT


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Maud

Placename

 * In Antarctica:
 * Queen Maud Land (Dronning Maud Land), an area of 2.5 million square kilometers (1 million sq. mi.) claimed by Norway in 1938
 * In Canada:
 * Queen Maud Gulf, Nunavut, Canada
 * In New Zealand:
 * Maud Island, the second largest island in the Marlborough Sounds
 * In Scotland:
 * Maud, Aberdeenshire, a small town in the Buchan area of the county of Aberdeenshire
 * In the United States:
 * Maud, Illinois, an unincorporated community in Wabash County
 * Maud, Iowa, an unincorporated community in Allamakee County
 * Maud, Missouri, an unincorporated community
 * Maud, Oklahoma, a city in Pottawatomie County
 * Maud, Texas, a city in Bowie County
 * Maud, Washington, an unincorporated community

Ship name

 * HNoMS Maud, a replenishment ship of the Royal Norwegian Navy, currently being fitted out
 * Maud, a ship used from 1918 to 1925 by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen in exploring the Northeast Passage (now known as the Northern Sea Route)
 * Maud, a Norfolk wherry built in 1899
 * SS Dronning Maud, a Norwegian Hurtigruten ship sunk under controversial circumstances by German bombers during the 1940 Norwegian Campaign
 * SS Princess Maud (1902), a passenger/cargo steamship torpedoed in 1918
 * TSS Princess Maud (1934), a ferry generally plying the Irish Sea but also a troopship in the Second World War
 * USS Maud (SP-1009), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1919

In literature

 * Maud and other poems, an 1855 volume of poetry by English poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson
 * "Maud" (poem), title poem in the 1855 volume by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
 * Maud, a werecat in the Inheritance Cycle

Other uses
Maud may also refer to:
 * Maud (plaid), a black and white checked plaid once worn in southern Scotland and northern England
 * MAUD Committee, the beginning of the British atomic bomb project, before the United Kingdom joined forces with the United States in the Manhattan Project
 * MAUD Program, a program for analysis of materials using diffraction, based on the Rietveld refinement method
 * Maud Pie, a character in My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic

title: Maud


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Stony Creek

Stony Creek may refer to the following waterways or communities:

Australia

 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Allyn River, in the Hunter region of New South Wales
 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Brogo River, in the South Coast region of New South Wales
 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Towamba River, in the South Coast region of New South Wales
 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Stanley River, in the Moreton Bay Region of Queensland
 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Little River, in the Greater Geelong area of Victoria
 * Stony Creek (Melbourne), a tributary of the Yarra River, in Melbourne, Victoria

Canada

 * Stony Creek (Lake Erie), a watershed administered by the Long Point Region Conservation Authority, that drains into Lake Erie
 * Stoney Creek (Lake Erie), a watershed administered by the Long Point Region Conservation Authority, that drains into Lake Erie

United States

 * Stony Creek (Sacramento River tributary), California
 * Stony Creek (Maryland), a tributary of the Patapsco River
 * Stony Creek (Black River), flows into the Black River near Deer River, New York
 * Stony Creek (Line Creek), converges with Line Creek by Middleburgh, New York
 * Stony Creek (Mohawk River), a river that flows into the Mohawk River in Vischer Ferry, New York
 * Stony Creek (West Canada Creek tributary), flows into West Canada Creek south of Middleville in Herkimer County, New York
 * Stony Creek (Haw River tributary), a stream in Alamance and Caswell Counties, North Carolina
 * Stony Creek (Mallard Creek tributary), a stream in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
 * Stony Creek, a tributary of the Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania
 * Stony Creek (Black Creek tributary), Pennsylvania
 * Stony Creek (Susquehanna River tributary), Pennsylvania
 * Stonycreek River or Stoney Creek, a tributary of the Conemaugh River, Pennsylvania
 * Stony Creek (Virginia), a river in Virginia
 * Stony Creek (Clinch River), Virginia
 * Little Stony Creek (North Fork Shenandoah River), Virginia, a tributary of the North Fork Shenandoah River
 * Stony Creek (North Fork Shenandoah River), Virginia, a tributary of the North Fork Shenandoah River

Australia

 * Stony Creek, Queensland, a rural locality in the Moreton Bay Region
 * Stony Creek, Victoria, a township in South Gippsland

New Zealand

 * Stony Creek, New Zealand, a locality in Clutha District

United States

 * Stony Creek (Branford), a shorefront section of Branford, Connecticut
 * Stony Creek, Indiana, an unincorporated community in LaGrange County
 * Stony Creek, Michigan, an unincorporated community
 * Stony Creek, Monroe County, Michigan, an unincorporated community
 * Stony Creek, New York, a town in Warren County
 * Stony Creek, Virginia, a town in Sussex County

title: Stony Creek


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Stonycreek Township

Stonycreek Township may refer to the following places:

 * Stonycreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania
 * Stonycreek Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania

title: Stonycreek Township


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Strang

Strang may refer to:

People

 * Strang (surname)
 * Baron Strang, UK peerage

Places

 * Strang, Oklahoma
 * Strang, Nebraska
 * Strang, Isle of Man

title: Strang


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Susquehanna Township

Susquehanna Township may refer to the following places:

 * Susquehanna Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
 * Susquehanna Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania
 * Susquehanna Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania
 * Susquehanna Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania
 * Susquehanna Township, Hutchinson County, South Dakota

title: Susquehanna Township


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Sylvan Township

Sylvan Township may refer to the following places in the United States:

 * Sylvan Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan
 * Sylvan Township, Cass County, Minnesota
 * Sylvan Township, Osceola County, Michigan

 * See also:

 * Sylvania Township (disambiguation)

title: Sylvan Township


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Tewksbury

Tewksbury may refer to:

Places

 * Tewksbury, Massachusetts, USA
 * Tewksbury Township, New Jersey, USA
 * Tewksbury Heights, Contra Costa County, California, USA

Other uses

 * Tewksbury (surname)
 * 12855 Tewksbury, main-belt asteroid

title: Tewksbury


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Thompson Township

Thompson Township may refer to:

Canada

 * Thompson Township, Algoma District, Ontario

Arkansas

 * Thompson Township, Pike County, Arkansas, in Pike County, Arkansas

Illinois

 * Thompson Township, Jo Daviess County, Illinois

Iowa

 * Thompson Township, Guthrie County, Iowa

Michigan

 * Thompson Township, Schoolcraft County, Michigan

Minnesota

 * Thompson Township, Kittson County, Minnesota

North Carolina

 * Thompson Township, Robeson County, North Carolina, in Robeson County, North Carolina

Ohio

 * Thompson Township, Delaware County, Ohio
 * Thompson Township, Geauga County, Ohio
 * Thompson Township, Seneca County, Ohio

Pennsylvania

 * Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania
 * Thompson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania

title: Thompson Township


text:
Thornburg

Thornburg may refer to:

Places in the United States

 * Thornburg, Iowa, a city
 * Thornburg, Kansas, an unincorporated community
 * Thornburg, Pennsylvania, a borough
 * Thornburg, Virginia, an unincorporated community

People

 * Alan Z. Thornburg (born 1967), American lawyer and jurist
 * Elizabeth June Thornburg, birth name of Betty Hutton (1921–2007), American actress, comedian, dancer and singer
 * Jeremy Thornburg (born 1982), American football player
 * Lacy Thornburg (born 1929), American lawyer and retired judge
 * Lee Thornburg, trumpeter
 * Marion Thornburg, birth name of Marion Hutton (1919–1987), American singer and actress, sister of Betty Hutton
 * Newton Thornburg (1929-2011), American novelist and screenwriter
 * Tyler Thornburg (born 1988), American Major League Baseball pitcher

Other uses

 * Thornburg Mortgage, a defunct American real estate investment trust
 * Thornburg Placer Mine - see List of mines in Oregon

title: Thornburg


text:
Thorndale

Thorndale may refer to:

Australia

 * Thorndale, Queensland, a locality in the Southern Downs Region

Canada

 * Thorndale, Ontario

United States

 * Thorndale, Pennsylvania
 * Thorndale station (SEPTA), commuter rail station in Thorndale, Pennsylvania
 * Thorndale, Texas
 * Thorndale station (CTA), rapid transit station in Chicago
 * Thorndale (Oxford, North Carolina), a historic plantation house

title: Thorndale


text:
Three Oaks

Three Oaks may refer to:

 * Three Oaks, East Sussex, England
 * Three Oaks railway station, East Sussex
 * Three Oaks, Florida, USA
 * Three Oaks, Michigan, USA
 * Three Oaks Township, Michigan, USA

title: Three Oaks


text:
Throop

Throop may refer to:

Locations

 * Throop, Dorset
 * Throop, New York, a town in Cayuga County
 * Throop, Pennsylvania, a borough in Lackawanna County
 * Throop College, the original name of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
 * Throop Peak, in the San Gabriel Mountains, California

People

 * Adam Throop (born 1977), American soccer player
 * Amos G. Throop (1811–1894), founder of Caltech
 * Arthur Throop (1884–1973), Canadian ice hockey player
 * Enos T. Throop (1784–1874), Governor of New York
 * Frances Hunt Throop (1860-1933), American painter
 * George B. Throop (1793–1854), New York and Michigan politician
 * George H. Throop (1818–1896), American teacher and novelist
 * George R. Throop, scholar of Greek and Chancellor of Washington University in St. Louis
 * George Throop (baseball) (born 1950), American baseball player
 * Tom Throop (born 1947), American politician

title: Throop


text:
Fruit salad

Fruit salad is a dish consisting of various kinds of fruit, sometimes served in a liquid, either their juices or a syrup. In different forms, fruit salad can be served as an appetizer or a side as a salad. A fruit salad is sometimes known as a fruit cocktail (often connoting a canned product), or fruit cup (when served in a small container).

There are many types of fruit salad, ranging from the basic (no nuts, marshmallows, or dressing) to the moderately sweet (Waldorf salad) to the sweet (ambrosia salad). Another "salad" containing fruit is a jello salad, with its many variations. A fruit cocktail is well-defined in the US to mean a well-distributed mixture of small diced pieces of (from highest percentage to lowest) peaches, pears, pineapple, grapes, and cherry halves. Fruit salad may also be canned (with larger pieces of fruit than a cocktail).

Description
There are several home recipes for fruit salads that contains different kinds of fruit, or that use a different kind of sauce other than the fruit's juice or syrup. Common ingredients used in fruit salads include strawberries, pineapple, honeydew, watermelon, grapes, and kiwifruit. Various recipes may call for the addition of nuts, fruit juices, certain vegetables, yogurt, or other ingredients.

One variation is a Waldorf-style fruit salad, which uses a mayonnaise-based sauce. Other recipes use sour cream (such as in ambrosia), yogurt, or even custard as the primary sauce ingredient. A variation on fruit salad uses whipped cream mixed in with many varieties of fruits (usually a mixture of berries), and also often includes miniature marshmallows. Rojak, a Malaysian fruit salad, uses a spicy sauce with peanuts and shrimp paste. In the Philippines, fruit salads are popular party and holiday fare, usually made with buko, or young coconut, and condensed milk in addition to other canned or fresh fruit. In Hawaii by influence of Cantonese immigrants during the sugar plantation days,"almond float" was introduced, where almond flavored gelatin is prepared, cubed, and typically mixed with canned fruit cocktail and canned lychee. Sicilian orange salad is a typical dish of Sicily (Italy) and Spain in which orange slices are dressed with olive oil, salt, and black pepper.

Mexico has a popular variation of the fruit salad called Bionico which consists of various fruits drenched in condensed milk and sour cream mix. Guacamole may also be considered a fruit salad, consisting predominantly of various fruits and fruit juices such as avocados, lemon and/or lime juice, tomatoes, chili peppers, and black peppercorns.

There is also an extended variety of fruit salads in Moroccan cuisine, often as part of a kemia, a selection of appetizers or small dishes analogous to Spanish tapas or eastern Mediterranean mezze.

A fruit salad ice cream is also commonly manufactured, with small pieces of real fruit embedded, flavored either with juices from concentrate, fruit extracts, or artificial chemicals.

Fruit cocktail
Fruit cocktail is often sold canned and is a staple of cafeterias, but can also be made fresh. The use of the word "cocktail" in the name does not mean that it contains alcohol, but refers to the secondary definition: " an appetizer made by combining pieces of food, such as fruit or seafood".

In the United States, the USDA stipulates that canned "fruit cocktail" must contain a certain percentage distribution of pears, grapes, cherries, peaches, and pineapples to be marketed as fruit cocktail. It must contain fruits in the following range of percentages:
 * 30% to 50% diced peaches, any yellow variety
 * 25% to 45% diced pears, any variety
 * 6% to 16% diced pineapple, any variety
 * 6% to 20% whole grapes, any seedless variety
 * 2% to 6% cherry halves, any light sweet or artificially colored red variety (like maraschino cherries )

Both William Vere Cruess of the University of California, Berkeley and Herbert Gray of the Barron-Gray Packing Company of San Jose, California have been credited with the invention of fruit cocktails. Barron–Gray was the first company to sell fruit cocktail commercially, beginning in 1930, and California Packing Corporation began selling it under its Del Monte brand a few years later.

Canned fruit cocktails and canned fruit salad are similar, but fruit salad contains larger fruit while fruit cocktail is diced. Commercially, the fruit used was healthy but cosmetically damaged, such as a peach or pear that was bruised on one side. The bruised parts would be cut away and discarded, and the rest would be diced into small pieces.

In popular culture
"Fruit Salad" (also known as "Fruit Salad Yummy Yummy") is the name of a song by Australian children's band the Wiggles.

"Fruit-salad" is also a slang term used for medals on a soldier's uniform, e.g. "Look at the fruit-salad on that colonel." The term refers to the bright colors of a high percentage of the ribbons that usually go with medals.

"Fruit salad" is an alternative name for the party game Fruit Basket Turnover.

title: Fruit salad


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Tishomingo (disambiguation)

Tishomingo was chief of the Chickasaw nation.

Tishomingo may also refer to:

Mississippi

 * Tishomingo, Mississippi
 * Tishomingo County, Mississippi
 * Tishomingo Creek, a stream in Mississippi from which a battle on June 10, 1864, took its name
 * Tishomingo State Park

Oklahoma

 * Tishomingo, Oklahoma
 * Tishomingo National Wildlife Refuge

Buildings

 * Tishomingo City Hall
 * Tishomingo Hotel

Arts, entertainment and media

 * Tishomingo Blues, a 1917 song by Spencer Williams
 * Tishomingo Blues (novel), a 2002 novel by Elmore Leonard
 * "Tishomingo", a song by Zach Bryan from American Heartbreak, 2022

title: Tishomingo (disambiguation)


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Topsham

Topsham may refer to:

United Kingdom

 * Topsham, Devon
 * Topsham railway station

United States

 * Topsham, Maine
 * Topsham (CDP), Maine
 * Topsham, Vermont

title: Topsham


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Tower City

Tower City may refer to:
 * Tower City, Pennsylvania
 * Tower City, North Dakota
 * Tower City Center, a retail, office, and transportation complex in downtown Cleveland, Ohio
 * Tower City station

title: Tower City


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Tripp

Tripp may refer to:

People

 * Tripp (surname)
 * Tripp (nickname)
 * Tripp Howell, drummer of the American country music band LANCO
 * Tripp Vinson, American film producer
 * Tripp Eisen, stage name of American musician and convicted sex offender Tod Rex Salvador (born 1965)

United States

 * Tripp, South Dakota, a city
 * Tripp, Sunnyvale, Texas, a former town
 * Tripp, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
 * Tripp, Wisconsin, a town
 * Tripp County, South Dakota
 * Tripp Lake, in Minnesota
 * Tripp Hill, a mountain in New York
 * Tripp Pinnacle, a summit in New York

Antarctica

 * Mount Tripp, Ross Dependency
 * Tripp Bay, Victoria Land
 * Tripp Ice Tongue, which occupies the northern half of Tripp Bay
 * Tripp Island, Victoria Land

Arts and entertainment

 * The Tripp, a Canadian rock band active from 1966 to 1977
 * Danny Tripp, a main character in the television series Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip
 * Frank Tripp, a character in the crime series CSI: Miami
 * Robin Tripp, a main character in the British sitcom Man About the House, the film spin-off of the same title, and the spin-off sitcom Robin's Nest
 * Tripp Dalton, a character in the American soap opera Days of Our Lives

Buildings

 * Tripp Family Homestead, a historic house in Scranton, Pennsylvania
 * Tripp House and Store Complex at Durham, New York
 * Tripp Memorial Library and Hall, Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin, United States, a building on the National Register of Historic Places

title: Tripp


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Troutville

Troutville may refer to:
 * Troutville, Virginia
 * Troutville, Pennsylvania

title: Troutville


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Truesdale

Truesdale may refer to:

A place in the United States

 * Truesdale, Iowa
 * Truesdale, Missouri
 * Truesdale Lake, New York

People

 * Truesdale (surname), a list of people with the surname

Literary characters

 * Truesdale, a fictional character in the 1935 motion picture Shanghai
 * Roy Truesdale, protagonist of the second half of Protector, a science fiction novel by Larry Niven
 * Syrus Truesdale, a fictional character in the Yu-Gi-Oh! GX anime series
 * Will Truesdale, a fictional character in the novel The Piano Teacher by Janice Y. K. Lee
 * Zane Truesdale, a fictional character in the Yu-Gi-Oh! GX anime series

Structures

 * Truesdale Hospital, was a hospital in Fall River, Massachusetts, United States that was founded by Dr. Philemon E. Truesdale and was merged with Union Hospital. The merged hospital is named Charlton Memorial Hospital, and the name Truesdale is retained in a clinic.

title: Truesdale


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Jackie Guerrido

Jackie Guerrido (born September 24, 1970 ), is a Puerto Rican television weather presenter and journalist for Primer Impacto on Univision. She also is a TV host for Despierta America en Domingo.

Early years
Guerrido was born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico, where she received her primary and secondary education. According to Guerrido, her mother was mistreated by her father, therefore Guerrido and her sister had to seek shelter together with their mother at the "Casa Protegida Julia de Burgos", a domestic violence shelter in San Juan, when she was seven years old. After graduating from high school, she moved with her family to The Bronx borough of New York City.

Career
Before Guerrido worked in the media, she had shown interest in other areas of work.

Guerrido was offered a position on WSKQ's morning show, El Vacilon de la Mañana ("Good times in the morning"), by a producer who heard her doing a voice-over. She soon received an offer from WRMA (106.7) in Miami, which she accepted.

Guerrido settled down in Miami and she joined the HBC Radio Company, after working at "Romance" for a year. There she was given the opportunity to co-host a radio program with the duties of broadcasting news and traffic conditions. Eventually, she was given her own music show at WRTO (98.3). She also landed a job in television as a traffic reporter for WSCV, Miami's Telemundo affiliate, working for both the radio and television at the same time.

Weather forecaster
Univision took notice of Guerrido and made her an offer to become the weather presenter for Al Amanacer de Noticias 23 ("Morning News at Channel 23"), the then-morning show for Univision flagship WLTV. She studied meteorology at the University of Miami.

For several years, Guerrido presented the weather on Despierta America ("Wake Up America"), which is one of the most popular television programs among the Hispanic community in the United States. She also did the weather forecast for Univision's afternoon newsmagazine show Primer Impacto ("First Impact") with Barbara Bermudo. She studied journalism at the University of Florida. As of January 9, 2017, she is co-anchor of Primer Impacto alongside Pamela Silva Conde, replacing longtime anchor Barbara Bermudo.

Mira Quien Baila! (2010)
In 2004, Guerrido was named the "Good Will Ambassador" of the Puerto Rican Day Parade celebrated in New York City. She is the mother of two teenagers, Thomas and Adieny. On April 19, 2008, Jackie married reggaeton singer Don Omar in Puerto Rico. In 2010, Guerrido participated in Mira Quien Baila!, a reality show, which aired on Univision in the United States and is the American/Spanish-Speaking version of Dancing with the Stars. The show's finale was on November 21, 2010 and Guerrido came in 2nd place, by popular vote, to Vadhir Derbez. Guerrido was awarded $10,000 (US) which she donated to the "Casa Protegida Julia de Burgos", a domestic violence shelter.

Filmography
In 2014, Guerrido would portray the role of a detective in the movie AWOL-72.

title: Jackie Guerrido


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Samuel Davidson

Samuel Davidson (September 1806 – 1 April 1898) was an Irish biblical scholar.

Life
He was born at Kellswater, County Antrim, the son of Abraham Davidson, into a Scots-Irish presbyterian. He was educated at the village school, under James Darragh, and then in Ballymena till 1824; and then became a student at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution, destined for the presbyterian ministry. His college course included periods in Londonderry and Liverpool, and was completed in 1832.

In November 1833 Davidson was licensed to preach by the Ballymena presbytery. In 1835 the Synod of Ulster made him the first professor of biblical criticism at Belfast College, and he held the post till 1841.

Congregationalist
Becoming a Congregationalist, Davidson accepted in 1842 the chair of biblical criticism, literature and oriental languages at the Lancashire Independent College, in Manchester.

In the summer of 1844 Davidson paid the first of a series of visits to Germany, and made the acquaintance of August Neander, Hermann Hupfeld, August Tholuck and others. He made lifelong friendships. A result of this trip was the translation of two volumes of Johann Karl Ludwig Gieseler's Compendium of Ecclesiastical History (Edinburgh, 1846-7). In 1847 the congregational lecture in London was delivered by Davidson and published in 1848 as the Ecclesiastical Polity of the New Testament. It was reprinted in 1854, contrary to the author's wish. His views had undergone changes, but he was not able to rewrite it.

Davidson was obliged to resign in 1857, clashing with the college authorities over the publication of an introduction to the Old Testament, The Text of the Old Testament, and the Interpretation of the Bible, written for a new edition of Horne's Introduction to the Sacred Scripture. The work began with an approach by Messrs. Longman, in 1854, for help with a reissue of Thomas Hartwell Horne's well-known Introduction to the Sacred Scriptures. Davidson undertook to rewrite the introduction to the Old Testament, and suggested Samuel Prideaux Tregelles should deal with the New Testament. Davidson's work appeared in October 1856 as part of vol. ii. of the tenth edition of Horne's Introduction, as "The Text of the Old Testament Considered; with a Treatise on Sacred Interpretation, and a brief Introduction to the Old Testament Books and the Apocrypha." The reception was hostile. David never lost the feeling that he had from then been treated unjustly.

At the November meeting of the Lancashire College committee it was stated that alarm had been taken in many quarters at the views expressed by Davidson in the new Introduction. A sub-committee was therefore appointed to report. The committee, in February 1857, requested Davidson to prepare "an explanation" of parts of his book deemed objectionable, and to "make concession where concession may be justly due". In May his pamphlet Facts, Statements, and Explanations, was in print. The committee declared those explanations "far from satisfactory", and after correspondence Davidson resigned his post.

Controversy ensued: Davidson was accused of doctrinal unsoundness, and also charged with plagiarism from German writers. A anonymous pamphlet of October 1857, ''Dr. Davidson: his Heresies, Contradictions, and Plagiarisms. By Two Graduates., along those lines, was by Enoch Mellor, of the Square Chapel, Halifax, who also engaged in the contemporary Rivulet'' controversy and James Guinness Rogers, of Albion Chapel, Ashton-Under-Lyne. Mellor and Rogers, who were close friends, were students from the first intake of the College. Rogers was on the College's committee, and is thought to have followed the lead of the conservative Thomas Raffles on Davidson's reprimand and removal. Alexander Gordon writing in the Dictionary of National Biography stated that "Nothing contributed more to the expulsion of Davidson from his chair in the Lancashire Independent College than [the pamphlet]."

On the other side appeared Dr. Davidson's Removal from the Professorship of Biblical Literature in the Lancashire Independent College, Manchester, on account of alleged Error in Doctrine, London, 1860, by Thomas Nicholas. At the end of this pamphlet Connop Thirlwall, Henry Alford and William Cureton were quoted in Davidson's favour. An account of the whole proceedings was in Davidson's Autobiography, written by James Allanson Picton.

Later life
In 1862 Davidson moved to London to become scripture examiner in the University of London, and he spent the rest of his life in literary work.

Davidson is sometimes mistakenly listed as a member of the Old Testament Revision Committee for the Revised Version of 1881. The confusion is based on his sharing a surname with Andrew Bruce Davidson, D. D., Professor of Hebrew, Free Church College, Edinburgh, of that committee.

Works
Among his principal works are:

 * Sacred Hermeneutics Developed and Applied (1843), rewritten and republished as A Treatise on Biblical Criticism (1852)
 * Lectures on Ecclesiastical Polity (1848)
 * An Introduction to the New Testament (1848), Samuel Bagster [publishing], Google eBook full read
 * The Hebrew Text of the Old Testament Revised (1855)
 * Introduction to the Old Testament (1862)
 * On a Fresh Revision of the Old Testament (1873)
 * The Canon of the Bible (1877)
 * The Doctrine of Last Things in the New Testament (1883)

Also translations of the New Testament from Tischendorf's text, Gieseler's Ecclesiastical History (1846), and Fürst's Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon.

title: Samuel Davidson


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Worth Township

Worth Township may refer to:

Illinois

 * Worth Township, Cook County, Illinois
 * Worth Township, Woodford County, Illinois

Indiana

 * Worth Township, Boone County, Indiana

Iowa

 * Worth Township, Boone County, Iowa

Michigan

 * Worth Township, Michigan

Pennsylvania

 * Worth Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania
 * Worth Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania
 * Worth Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania

title: Worth Township


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Cathal Coughlan (musician)

Cathal Coughlan (16 December 1960 – 18 May 2022) was an Irish singer and songwriter from Cork, best known as the frontman of the band Microdisney, formed with Sean O'Hagan in 1980. Their second album The Clock Comes Down the Stairs reached number one in the UK Indie Chart. They developed cult followings in the Irish and UK indie music scenes before breaking up in 1988.

Coughlan went on to lead the harder-edged The Fatima Mansions, who found critical success with their aggressive live shows and five consistent albums, but broke up in 1995.

In the following years Coughlan released intermittent solo material with musicians such as O'Hagan, Jonathan Fell and Nick Allum. His solo career and reputation peaked in 2021 with the well received album Song of Co-Aklan (composed from the point of view of his alter ego "Co Aklan") which was released to critical acclaim fifteen years after his previous solo album Foburg (2006).

Microdisney
Born in the village of Glounthaune, just outside of Cork city, Coughlan was active on the local Cork scene in the late 1970s, and after meeting Sean O'Hagan formed Microdisney as a duo in 1980. Following early local success, they moved to London, and recorded for the independent record label Rough Trade and, later and unsuccessfully, for the major label Virgin Records.

His lyrics with Microdisney focus on politics, relationships and the interplay between the two, and incorporate surreal imagery and literary and historical references. His voice on these records has been compared to Scott Walker, whom Coughlan considered a major influence. They broke up in 1988, after which O'Hagan and Coughlan formed separate bands, the High Llamas and the Fatima Mansions.

Microdisney reunited after three decades and performed together in London, Dublin and Cork in 2018 and 2019. In 2018, Coughlan and his bandmates received the IMRO/NCH Trailblazer Award, given to "culturally important" Irish albums (in this instance, for the 1985 album The Clock Comes Down The Stairs).

The Fatima Mansions
Coughlan formed the Fatima Mansions in 1988, naming the band after the large public housing complex in the working class area of Rialto in Dublin's inner city. They became known for their aggressive music and song titles, including the early tracks "Blues for Ceausescu" and "Bugs Fucking Bunny". Their 1989 debut album was Against Nature followed by Viva Dead Ponies in 1990 and the 1991 EP Bertie's Brochures and the acclaimed albums Valhalla Avenue (1992) and Lost in the Former West (1994). Due to intra-band tension and contractual difficulties with Virgin Records, Fatima Mansions broke up in 1995.

Solo work and collaborations
Contractual issues prevented Coughlan from performing in the aftermath of break up of the Fatima Mansions. His following album was released in August 2010 with the single Rancho Tetrahedron, credited to "Cathal Coughlan and the Grand Necropolitan Quartet". He later admitted that the supporting live performances were aggressive "because there was just all this business nonsense going on and I wasn't able to perform new stuff in public at all because I was in certain contractual difficulties". Reviewing the album, The Irish Times wrote that "Coughlan's mixture of acerbity and dark lyricism is sustained on his fifth solo album, that there is a subtle Latin influence on the music, and Coughlan's Scott Walker inflected voice has never sounded better."

He recorded with comedian Sean Hughes, High Llamas drummer Rob Allum (under the name of his alter-ego "Cod"), and Paul Jarvis of SLAB! as "Bubonique", releasing a number of CDs parodying current musical trends, including the albums 20 Golden Showers and Trance Arse Volume 3. He collaborated in 2011 with the British The Auteurs and Black Box Recorder vocalist Luke Haines on the song/speech show The North Sea Scrolls which premiering at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in 2011. The studio recording of The North Sea Scrolls was released on 19 November 2012.

Coughlan's last album Song of Co-Aklan was completed at the end of 2019 in collaboration with Nick Allum, Aindrias O'Gruama, Jon Fell, Luke Haines, Audrey Riley, James Woodrow and Rhodri Marsden. It was preceded by the single "Song of Co-Aklan" and released in March 2021 on Dimple Discs. He formed the duo Telefís with US-based Irish producer and musician Jacknife Lee with whom he released the album A hAon in 2022. and a further release A Dó in October 2022.

Personal life
Coughlan, survived by his wife, Julie, died aged 61 in hospital on 18 May 2022 after a long illness.

Microdisney

 * Kaught at the Kampus (compilation EP) – 1980
 * We Hate You South African Bastards! – 1984
 * Everybody Is Fantastic (1984)
 * The Clock Comes Down the Stairs – 1985, re-issued in 2013
 * Crooked Mile – 1986
 * 39 Minutes – 1988

Fatima Mansions

 * Against Nature – 1989
 * Viva Dead Ponies – 1990
 * Bertie's Brochures – (mini-album) 1991
 * Valhalla Avenue – 1992
 * Lost in the Former West – 1994

Solo

 * Grand Necropolitan – 1996
 * Black River Falls – 2000
 * The Sky's Awful Blue – 2002
 * Foburg – 2006
 * Rancho Tetrahedron– 2010
 * Song of Co-Aklan - 2021

Telefís

 * a hAon – 2022
 * a Dó - 2022

General sources

 * McDermott, Paul. "Get That Monster Off the Stage". Audio documentary, Raidió Teilifís Éireann, 2001
 * McDermott, Paul. "Iron Fist in Velvet Glove — the story of Microdisney". Audio documentary, Newstalk/University College Cork, 2018

title: Cathal Coughlan (musician)


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User talk:Sheaner

Sockpuppet?
Are you a sockpuppet? Who's sockpuppet are you? I notice your one and only edit is a revert and referencing User:Alberuni. Jewbacca 06:22, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

Alby is well known everywhere. I am his friend and constant companion. I specially like to hang out with his sockpuppets.

title: User talk:Sheaner


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User:Mike-the-Knife

The name's Mike.

I am a washer of dishes and other fine kitchen utensils. Such an occupation gives me ample time to think, pontificate and deduce. Yeah, that's right... I AM the best. At everything.

Articles written:

'Ain Ghazal - Working on it, I swear

Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus - 08/22/10

Eholt - 12/22/05

Hacilar - Not exactly done, pretty sparse.

Pierre Falcon

Merry Buckley - 09/09/11

title: User:Mike-the-Knife


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Joyce Cooling

Joyce Cooling is an American jazz guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. She has performed with Joe Henderson, Stan Getz, Mark Murphy, Al Jarreau, and Charlie Byrd.

Music career
Cooling was born into a musical family. Her mother, a music teacher, was a classical music aficionado. After moving to California from New York in the early 1980s, Cooling began sitting in on the percussion classes of Ghanaian drummer C. K. Ladzekpo. Integrating the polyrhythms of West African music with her passion for melody and harmony, Cooling focused her attention on guitar and taught herself to play by ear.

She met keyboardist Jay Wagner on San Francisco's Brazilian jazz circuit. Wagner was an original member of the San Francisco-based group Viva Brasil. She joined Viva Brasil part-time in 1988 as a guitarist and background vocalist. Cooling's and Wagner's chemistry and passion for songwriting resulted in their first collaboration, Cameo (1989), recorded with members of Viva Brasil.

Cooling and Wagner formed a band in 1990, performing and recording for the next six years. By 1996 they had completed their second self-produced album, Person2Person. The album came to the attention of Heads Up International, which signed the duo to a two-record deal. They added four additional tracks and renamed the album Playing It Cool. The album was released internationally in the fall of 1997. Cooling's second Heads Up album, Keeping Cool, was released in the spring of 1999. In 2000, Cooling and Wagner signed with GRP/Verve Music Group and released their fourth album, Third Wish, on September 11, 2001. In October 2001, Cooling recorded "The Christmas Song" with Lee Ritenour for the 2001 GRP holiday compilation Making Spirits Bright. Cooling and Wagner's fifth album, This Girl's Got to Play, was released by Narada.

Cooling's sixth album, Revolving Door, was released by Narada Jazz when it merged with Blue Note in 2006. Although Cooling had been a member of the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), she became a national advocate for the organization with Revolving Door. She has performed at NAMI national and regional events across the country. She and Wagner donate a portion of the proceeds from the sale of their albums to NAMI.

They released their song "It's Feeling Like Christmas" in 2008 with an accompanying music video produced by Progressive Pulse.

Discography

 * Cameo (Nucleus, 1989)
 * Playing It Cool (Heads Up, 1997)
 * Keeping Cool (Heads Up, 1999)
 * Third Wish (GRP, 2001)
 * This Girl's Got to Play (Narada Jazz, 2004)
 * Revolving Door (Narada Jazz, 2006)
 * Global Cooling (Group 2, 2009)
 * Living Out Loud (Group 2, 2019)
 * The Holiday's On (Rhythm Kitchen, 2022)

title: Joyce Cooling


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David Charles Davies

David Charles Davies (11 May 1826 – 26 September 1891) was a Welsh Nonconformist minister.

Life
He was born at Aberystwyth, his father being a merchant and a pioneer of Welsh Methodism, and his mother a niece of Thomas Charles of Bala. He was educated in his native town by a noted schoolmaster, John Evans, at Bala College, and at University College, London, where he graduated B.A. in 1847 and M.A. (in mathematics) in 1849. He had already begun to preach, and after an evangelistic tour in South Wales supplied the pulpit of the English presbyterian church at Newtown for six months, and settled as pastor of the bilingual church at Builth in 1851. He returned to this charge after a pastorate at Liverpool (1853–1856), left it again in 1858 for Newtown, and went in May 1859 to the Welsh church at Jewin Crescent, London. Here he remained until 1876, and from that date till 1882, although living at Bangor for reasons of health, had the chief oversight of the church.

In 1888 he accepted the principalship of the Calvinistic Methodist College at Trefeca in Brecknockshire. His work here was successful, but short; he died at Bangor in 1891, and was buried at Aberystwyth.

Though Davies stood somewhat apart from the main currents of thought both without and within his church, and was largely unknown to English audiences or readers, he exercised a strong influence on Welsh life and thought in the 19th century. He was a serious student, especially of anti-theistic positions, a good speaker, and a frequent contributor to Welsh theological journals. Several of his articles have been collected and published, the most noteworthy being expositions on the First Epistle of John (1889), Ephesians (2 vols., 1896, 1901), Psalms (1897), Romans (1902); and The Atonement and Intercession of Christ (1899, English trans. by D. E. Jenkins, 1901).

title: David Charles Davies


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Doug Gourlay

Douglas MacLeod Gourlay (born December 1, 1929) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1977 to 1986, and was a cabinet minister in the government of Sterling Lyon.

Gourlay was born in 1929 in Brandon, Manitoba. The son of Andrew Jackson Gourlay and Catherine Macleod Rammage, he was educated at the University of Manitoba (receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in 1952), the University of Arizona and the University of Colorado. He served as with the Federal Department of Citizenship and Immigration from 1952 to 1956, and later worked as an agrologist. In 1952, Gourlay married Audrey May Porter.

Gourlay served as a councillor for the Town of Swan River in mid-northern Manitoba between 1972 and 1975, and was its Mayor from 1975 to 1977. He was also a member of the Manitoba Institute of Agrologists during this period.

He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the provincial election of 1977, narrowly defeating New Democratic Party candidate Leonard Harapiak in Swan River. He was not initially called to serve in Lyon's cabinet, but was named Minister of Municipal Affairs and Minister of Northern Affairs, with responsibility for the Communities Economic Development Fund on November 15, 1979.

The Tories were defeated in the 1981 provincial election, although Gourlay again defeated Harapiak by a narrow margin. He narrowly lost to Harapiak by 65 votes in their third encounter, in the provincial election of 1986. He has not sought a return to politics since this time.

In 1995, Gourlay became president and CEO of Montex Holding Company.

title: Doug Gourlay


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Talk:Unix system

Should this redirect to Unix or Unix-like?
Why the changed redirect because as far as I can see Unix is about the original Unix and Unix system means a modern 'Unix' (i.e.: Unix-like system)--according to the trademark holders only those compliant with POSIX but widely used more generally.

-Joe Llywelyn Griffith Blakesley 05:07, 2004 Dec 22 (UTC)

 * It came up on WP:RFD, and the feeling was that Unix system was a more suitable target than Unix-like. At first I wasn't sure I agreed, because Unix seemed at first glance to be just about The Unix system (TM, Copyright, patented, infringe-on-this-and-our-bad-ass-lawyers-will-sue-you, etc, etc). However, reading further into Unix, I saw that it does include stuff about Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD (in the "Free Unix-like operating systems" section). That made me not so sure, and then I thought that it would be reasonable for someone using say Sun's or HP's or IBM's or Apple's Unix to say "I'm running a Unix system", just as much as someone running Linux might say "I'm running a Unix system". If the target was Unix-like, then it excludes those people, whereas if the target was Unix system, then it includes everybody (at least, that was my intent). (And note that I'm someone who uses Linux every day, whereas I've thankfully avoided using commercial Unixes for the past 5 years, so if anything, I'm biased against commercial unixes, not towards them). -- All the best, Nickj (t) 05:33, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm very tired as I haven't slept for ages, so I hope this makes sense. (Was supposed to be doing work but got distracted by WP.)  OK.  I don't care particularly what happens to this redirect, but the very fact that we aren't sure which article it should go to indicates a lack of clarity (esp. for the user) about what Unix is about and what Unix-like is about that needs to be sorted out.
 * However, reading further into Unix, I saw that it does include stuff about Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD (in the "Free Unix-like operating systems" section).
 * But is this section entitled "Free Unix-like operating systems" in keeping with the rest of the article (which starts "UNIX®...developed by a group of AT&T Bell Labs employees including Ken Thompson..." or should it be moved?
 * it would be reasonable for someone using say Sun's or HP's or IBM's or Apple's Unix to say "I'm running a Unix system", just as much as someone running Linux might say "I'm running a Unix system"
 * I'm not sure what your getting at here. Unix-like is all-inclusive where as UNIX is not at all.  A Unix system is wider than just UNIX (whether you take the Open Group's definition  or a much wider one including things like MSW NT).  If you want to make the IMO arbitrary distinction about whether an OS has been allowed to trade under the name "Unix system" then move Unix-like to Unix system and make Unix-like system for those that aren't certified Unix system, but that is a seperate matter.  (Actually why do we have an article that is an adjective, Unix-like, in an encyclopedia.  That is in itself confusing.)
 * so if anything, I'm biased against commercial unixes, not towards them
 * As an aside, surely, if anything, the status quo (that you are defending) is biased against proprietary (NB: the free Unix-like systems are also commercial) Unixes, because they are being demoted to Unix-like systems (despite having payed http://unix.org/ to be officially called a "Unix system") where as the free OSs (which are arguably less like Unix) get a mention in the article of UNIX proper. Just to rub it in, Unix system .  Now personally I think we should ignore the trademarks &c and follow common sense and/or common usage, but all three seem to be opposed to how these articles are currently organised.
 * -Joe Llywelyn Griffith Blakesley 06:28, 2004 Dec 22 (UTC)

 * P.S. How do you modify your sig so it links to your talk?

 * But Unix-like is somewhat biased towards open-source (it even says "The term is most often used as a simple way of referring to the Unix-like open source operating systems"). Ideally, though I'd like to see Unix-like and Unix merged into one thing, and have everything point there. I agree it's a complete mess of a dog's breakfast at the moment.

 * Commercial vs. proprietary : tongue-in-cheek: Next you'll be telling me it's not Linux, it's GNU/Linux, right? ;-)

 * For the sig, it's under "preferences" → "Your nickname (for signatures)". Let's call this field "". Anything in here will added as your signature, in the form , where  = the contents of the "Your nickname" field, or  =  if  is blank. So to add the talk link basically you just end the link, and start a new one.

 * All the best, Nickj (t) 07:58, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Unix system


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cathal Coughlan

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. - Mailer Diablo 11:58, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Cathal Coughlan
POV, and apparently not notable. — Kieff | Talk 06:29, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Frankly, I don't see the POV, and I think that Cathal Coughlan is notable, but the article needs improvement to show that. Keep Bibfile | Talk 12:10, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Cathal Coughlan is definitely a notable musician and artist (for instance, he has a show coming up as part of Cork's European Capital of Culture programme - called 'Flannery's Mounted Head', it is apparently a 'narrative song-cycle with spoken and visual extension'). The article does need to be expanded upon to reflect his importance. The website for the European Capital of Culture Cork2005 describes him thus, "Cathal Coughlan is a key figure in Irish music, having been lead singer in the acclaimed Cork group Microdisney. He later formed the raucous and controversial Fatima Mansions. Coughlan has released three well-received albums of solo material. He has provided soundtrack music for feature films including Johnny Gogan's The Mapmaker and has taken singing roles in French composer François Ribac's contemporary operas Qui Est Fou? (2001) and Petit Traité du Jardin Botanique (2004)" Keep Jcmbrennan 15:06, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC).
 * Comment: This was apparently never listed on vfd, so I'm putting it on today's page. —Korath (Talk) 00:33, Apr 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Member of Microdisney and Fatima Mansions both notable indie bands and has released solo albums. Meets MikiProject Music guidelines. Capitalistroadster 02:37, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Irish musician who's been heard of as far away as here in New Zealand? Notable enough, I'd say. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 10:38, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * KeepFounder of a band (Microdisney) which has released an album on a major label. Dsmdgold 13:17, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * KeepFounder of a band (Microdisney) which has released an album on a major label. Dsmdgold 13:17, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Richard Davies (bishop)

Richard Davies (c. 1505 – 7 November 1581) was a Welsh bishop and scholar.

Life
He was born in north Wales, and was educated at New Inn Hall, Oxford, becoming vicar of Maids Moreton in Buckinghamshire in 1549, and then Burnham, Buckinghamshire, in 1550.

Being a reformer he took refuge at Geneva during the reign of Mary, returning to England and to parochial work after the accession of Elizabeth in 1558. His connection with Wales was renewed almost at once; for, after serving on a commission which visited the Welsh dioceses, he was, in January 1560, consecrated bishop of St Asaph, whence he was translated, early in 1561, to the bishopric of St David's. As a bishop, Davies was an earnest reformer, very industrious, active and liberal, but not very scrupulous with regard to the property of the church.

He was a member of the Council of Wales and the Marches, was very friendly with Matthew Parker, archbishop of Canterbury, and was regarded both by Parker and by William Cecil, Lord Burghley, as a trustworthy adviser on Welsh concerns. Famous for his oratory abilities, he was renowned for having an embarrassing speech impediment which earned him the affectionate nickname of Biffe.The nickname Biffe derived from the ancient Celtic word for fool from which we now take the word buffoon. Another of the bishops friends was Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex. Assisting William Salesbury, Davies took part in translating the New Testament into Welsh, and also did some work on the Welsh translation of the Book of Common Prayer. He helped to revise the Bishops' Bible of 1568, being himself responsible for the book of Deuteronomy, and the second book of Samuel. He died in November 1581, and was buried in Abergwili church.

title: Richard Davies (bishop)


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Franklin Avenue station (Metro Transit)

Franklin Avenue station is a light rail station on the Blue Line in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

This station is a bridge above Franklin Avenue along Minnesota State Highway 55, in Minneapolis. This is a center-platform station. Along with the Lake Street station, Franklin Avenue is one of the two above-grade stations on the Blue Line. The station is home to the marquee of the New Franklin theater, located nearby. Service began at this station when the Blue Line opened on June 26, 2004.

The maintenance base of the line is just to the north, between this stop and Cedar-Riverside. When train operators begin and end their shifts, they used to make an extra stop there to take on the new driver. The driver now boards and departs the train at Franklin Avenue station.

A transit-oriented development master plan for the station and Cedar-Riverside was released in 2002.

In September 2022, unarmed private security hired by the Metropolitan Council began patrolling the station. The station was chosen because of high police activity and because it is a location where train operators get on and off trains. Allied Universal was hired in March 2023 to patrol the station 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Franklin Avenue is one of four stations that Metro Transit is analyzing in a several million dollar study to determine if turnstiles can improve fare payment compliance and safety.

Bus connections
From Franklin Avenue Station, there is a direct connection to routes 2, 9, and 67. Route 22 stops just a block away.

Notable places nearby

 * East Phillips Park
 * Hiawatha LRT Trail
 * Little Earth Trail
 * Phillips neighborhood
 * Seward neighborhood
 * Ventura Village neighborhood

title: Franklin Avenue station (Metro Transit)


text: User talk:132.206.52.44

title: User talk:132.206.52.44


text: User talk:253.I26

title: User talk:253.I26


text:
Walter Devereux

Walter Devereux may refer to:

 * Walter Devereux (1173–c. 1197), Anglo-Norman nobleman
 * Walter Devereux of Bodenham and Bromwich, (c. 1221–1292), Anglo-Norman knight and sheriff of Herefordshire
 * Walter Devereux (c. 1266–1305), member of a prominent knightly family in Herefordshire
 * Walter Devereux (c. 1339–c. 1383), Member of Parliament, sheriff, and Justice of the Peace for Hereford
 * Walter Devereux (c. 1361–1402), MP for Herefordshire 1401
 * Walter Devereux (1387–1419), knight of Herefordshire
 * Walter Devereux (1411–1459), Lord Chancellor of Ireland 1449–c. 1451
 * Walter Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (c. 1431–1485), son of the above, Yorkist politician and military officer during the Wars of the Roses
 * Walter Devereux (MP for Cardiganshire), MP for Cardiganshire, 1547
 * Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford (1488–1558), grandson of the above, Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire from 1543 to 1558
 * Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex (1541–1576), grandson of the above, Earl Marshal of Ireland in 1576
 * Walter Devereux (assassin) (died 1640), Irish assassin of Albrecht von Wallenstein
 * Walter Devereux (died 1641), MP for Pembroke, Tamworth and Lichfield
 * Walter Devereux, 5th Viscount Hereford (1578–1658), grandson of the first Viscount, MP for Stafford and Worcestershire
 * Walter Devereux (died 1683), MP for Orford

title: Walter Devereux


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The Sundays

The Sundays were an English alternative rock band, formed in the late 1980s, who released three albums throughout the 1990s.

The band's beginnings came with the meeting of singer Harriet Wheeler and guitarist David Gavurin while attending Bristol University. Wheeler had played gigs with Cruel Shoes, an early incarnation of the band Jim Jiminee. The duo soon augmented the band with bassist Paul Brindley and drummer Patrick Hannan.

The Sundays secured a recording contract with Rough Trade Records. Their debut single was "Can't Be Sure". Their first album, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, was released in 1990 and became a UK top 5 hit. The album's lead single "Here's Where the Story Ends" was a number one hit on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart in the United States.

With Rough Trade's financial troubles and the band's decision to manage themselves, the Sundays' next single, "Goodbye", did not emerge until 1992. Their next album, Blind, arrived the same year, reaching the UK top 15. The single "Love" reached number 2 on the US Modern Rock charts. The band toured in support of these recordings.

In 1997, their third album, Static & Silence, was followed by the release of their most successful single, "Summertime", which made the UK top 15. The album itself reached the UK top 10. However, the band has been on a lengthy hiatus since those releases, with Wheeler and Gavurin focusing on raising their two children; Wheeler and Gavurin married after the band breakup.

1988: Formation
Vocalist Harriet Wheeler and guitarist David Gavurin met as students at Bristol University in the mid-1980s. Wheeler was from Reading, the daughter of an architect and a teacher, and studied English literature. Gavurin was from Wembley and actively pursued a degree in the Romance languages, particularly French and Spanish. The two fell in love and began living together. Following graduation they wrote music in their free time while collecting unemployment benefits. Except for Wheeler's vocal duties in a band called Jim Jiminee, the couple had no musical background. Commenting on his desire to compose, Gavurin said, "It was something I'd always wanted to do, although I never wanted to be in a band when I was younger, like many kids do. It just dawned on me gradually." Wheeler displayed similar feelings: "There was never a time I wanted to be incredibly famous, or in a pop group," she said. "It just seemed a great thing to do to spend time working on something that's your own."

After the couple completed several songs – and migrated to London – they enlisted the support of bassist Paul Brindley and drummer Patrick Hannan, who had also attended Bristol University. Hannan's brother, Nick, had also been a member of Jim Jiminee, which briefly featured Wheeler as vocalist (see paragraph above). The band chose the name "The Sundays" as it was the only one everyone could agree upon. Demo tapes were sent out to several London clubs after the group felt energized by their efforts; Gavurin stated in a Rolling Stone interview that "by the end of the year we were thinking, 'Hang on a minute, some of this [music] is good!'" Responses to the tape were enthusiastic and an employee at Vertigo Club offered the band an opening slot for an upcoming show in August 1988. "By chance there were three reviewers from the top music papers there," said Wheeler. "They were supposed to review the main band, but instead they wrote about us." The group subsequently became the focus of a record label bidding war. They eventually signed with Rough Trade Records and had a distribution deal signed for the United States with DGC Records.

1989–1990: Reading, Writing and Arithmetic
The Sundays released their first single "Can't Be Sure" in January 1989. It topped the British indie charts and received acclaim as one of the best singles of 1989. The group performed three songs in a session with popular disc jockey John Peel. These songs would later turn up on their debut album, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. The group worked on their debut for over a year. "A lot of bands who get signed, who have been playing the circuit for years, have 30 songs for the first album," said Gavurin. "But we didn't have enough for our first album, let alone our second. We can't write to deadline. You can't force a whole load of songs out quickly." Asked whether the band felt pressured when working on the album, Wheeler responded, "No, because to start off with, we're far more critical of ourselves than anyone else, and that's more a concern to us than what the press think." Gavurin also commented: "The main pressure we felt was with the single, and even then, we thought, well, they're either going to like it or they're not, and there's not much we can do to influence that."

Reading, Writing and Arithmetic was released in January 1990 and became a commercial success, reaching number 4 on the UK charts and peaking at number 39 on the Billboard 200 in the United States. It went on to sell over half a million copies worldwide. Its distinct Englishness in lyrics, augmented by Harriet Wheeler's accent, alongside their lighter-than-air guitar pop, influenced the nascent Britpop scene, notably impacting bands like Sleeper. The hit single "Here's Where the Story Ends" also gained considerable success in the USA, propelled by extensive radio play and MTV rotation. The Sundays devoted nearly a year to an "exhausting" promotional tour, which encompassed America, Europe, and Japan. The tour was considered successful, although it was not without some mishaps; a London show had to be rescheduled due to Wheeler losing her voice and the group experienced some amusement when a Dallas, Texas, show was advertised with the slogan "See The Sundays on Sunday with ice-cream sundaes".

1991–1993: Blind
The band experienced some hardships leading up to the recording of their second album. In 1991 Rough Trade Records went bankrupt, which caused the band to sign with Parlophone Records in the UK. Their debut went out of print in the UK and would stay that way until 1996. Constant touring coupled with their decision to manage themselves hampered the group's creative output, which was already slow due to Gavurin and Wheeler, the main songwriters, "being chained by pokiness and perfectionism when it [came] to writing and recording music." Additionally, the band kept a "low public profile", which fuelled rumours that the group had disbanded. The Sundays eventually released a new single, "Goodbye", a minor hit, in Autumn 1992. The release came almost three years after their last UK show. The "Goodbye" B-side, a cover of The Rolling Stones' "Wild Horses", also appeared on the US release of Blind as well as in the movie Fear (1996), on the 1999 soundtrack album for the popular television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and in the episode 01x01 of the series Friends from College (2017).

Their next album, entitled Blind, was finally released in October 1992. The album experienced commercial success similar to their debut when it peaked at number 103 on the Billboard 200, and sold nearly half a million copies. Critical reception was also positive, but some critics thought the album lacked the quality songwriting of its predecessor. Despite Blind's initial appeal with audiences, it drifted off the charts by the summer of 1993. The Sundays toured Britain in the winter of 1992. The shows were "rapturously received by fans starved of fresh product or gigs." An American tour was greeted with sold-out shows. Gavurin explained that they weren't necessarily attempting to promote the new album: "A lot of people didn't see us the first time we played over here, and they want to hear earlier material. So we're playing half and half." In the end the tour was cut short in light of exhaustion and homesickness.

1994–1997: Static and Silence
The band holidayed in Thailand and, upon returning to England, "put their music career on the back burner for a time." During this time the only appearance of the band was their cover of "Wild Horses" by The Rolling Stones appearing in a 1994 American Budweiser television commercial. Gavurin and Wheeler expressed a desire to settle down. Wheeler gave birth to the couple's daughter, Billie, in March 1995. They also built a recording studio in their home, not only to save on the cost of renting a studio, but also to expand their creative freedoms. Their third, and most recent album, Static & Silence, was released to mixed reviews in September 1997, a full five years after Blind. Although the band retained much of the same sound that they developed on previous albums, they added horns to a number of tracks for Static & Silence. The album was not as successful as Reading, Writing and Arithmetic; however, the single "Summertime" became their most successful hit to date on the UK chart and achieved a top 10 spot on the US Alternative Rock chart. It was The Sundays' third most successful single in the US, behind "Here's Where the Story Ends" (which made it to number 1 on the US Alternative Rock chart) and "Love" (which made it to number 2).

2014: Possible return
In April 2014, Adam Pitluk, the editor of American Airlines' magazine American Way, tracked down and conducted an interview with Wheeler and Gavurin in which he put forward the idea of a reunion. They responded, "First let's see if the music we’re currently writing ever sees the light of day, and then we can get on to the enjoyable globe-trotting-meets-concert-planning stage."

On 10 October 2014, during an interview on BBC Radio 6 Music's Radcliffe & Maconie radio programme, David Baddiel described Dave Gavurin as his "oldest mate" and stated that "they [Dave and Harriet] are doing music, but whether they ever put that out there, I’ve no idea. They're the most paranoid people about actually putting stuff out there".

In an interview with the C86 Show Podcast released on August 18, 2020, Patrick Hannan revealed that Wheeler and Gavurin had "never stopped making music" and that he had played drums on a number of their tracks. Hannan added that these recordings may never be released.

Band members

 * Paul Brindley – bassist
 * David Gavurin – guitarist
 * Patrick (Patch) Hannan – drummer
 * Harriet Wheeler – vocalist

B-sides / unreleased songs

 * "Can't Be Sure" [demo] (b-side of "Cry")
 * "Don't Tell Your Mother" (b-side of "Can't Be Sure", eventually appearing also on DGC Rarities Vol. 1)
 * "Gone" (b-side of "Summertime")
 * "Here's Where the Story Ends" [Black Session] (b-side of "Wild Horses" – US cassette single)
 * "Here's Where the Story Ends" [live] (b-side of "Summertime")
 * "I Kicked a Boy" (b-side of "Can't Be Sure", released on Reading, Writing and Arithmetic)
 * "Black Sessions" (Live 1992 - Album) (French radio show - France Inter)
 * "Life Goes On" (b-side of "Cry")
 * "Noise" (b-side of "Goodbye")
 * "Nothing Sweet" (b-side of "Summertime")
 * "Skin & Bones" [live] (b-side of "Summertime")
 * "So Much" (only on the US version of Static and Silence)
 * "Something More" (unreleased)
 * "Through the Dark" (b-side of "Cry")
 * "Turkish" (only performed live, and at almost every concert on the Blind and Static and Silence tours)
 * "Wild Horses" (b-side of "Goodbye", appearing also on US copies of Blind)
 * "You're Not the Only One I Know" [demo] (b-side of "Cry")

title: The Sundays


text:
List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

The following list includes the names, locations, and categories of all the stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The categories are motion pictures, television, recording, radio, live performance, and sports entertainment. The list does not include a star's name until his or her award ceremony has taken place, not at the time of nomination or an accepted nomination.

The stars are ordered alphabetically by surname, and all names are shown as they appear on the stars. All entries can be found on the Hollywood Walk of Fame website maintained by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce (see the External links section below). As of July 11, 2024, there are 2,784 stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.


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Texas horned lizard

The Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) is one of about 21 North American species of spikey-bodied reptiles called horned lizards, all belonging the genus Phrynosoma. It occurs in south-central regions of the US and northeastern Mexico, as well as several isolated introduced records and populations from Southern United States. Though some populations are stable, severe population declines have occurred in many areas of Texas and Oklahoma. The Texas spiny lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) may be confused for a Texas horned lizard due to its appearance and overlapping habitat.

Etymology
The horned lizard is popularly called a "horned toad", "horny toad", or "horned frog", but it is neither a toad nor a frog. The popular names come from the lizard's rounded body and blunt snout, which give it a decidedly batrachian appearance. Phrynosoma literally means "toad-bodied" and cornutum means "horned". The lizard's horns are extensions of its cranium and contain true bone.

Description
The Texas horned lizard is the largest-bodied and most widely distributed of the roughly 21 species of horned lizards in the western United States and Mexico. The Texas horned lizard exhibits sexual dimorphism, with the females being larger with a snout-vent length of around 5 in, whereas the males reach around 3.7 in. "Phrynosoma cornutum" has characteristic horns spanning across its body with the two largest crowning its head, two more on its brows and jawline respectively, as well as lines of spikes spanning the lateral parts of torso and dorsal ridges of the back. Coloration varies depending on the environment in order to blend in with the color of the ground, ranging from a yellow or reddish-brown for deserts to a tannish brown for prairies. They also have dark lines that span from the eyes to the tip of the horns and a characteristic solid white line with a few black circular splotches on either side.

Distribution
The Texas horned lizard, like all members of the genus Phrynosoma, is endemic to North America where it occurs in south-central regions of the US and northeastern Mexico. Its natural distribution includes southeast Colorado, central and southern areas of Kansas, central and western areas of Oklahoma and Texas, southeast New Mexico, and extreme southeast Arizona. In Mexico it occurs in extreme eastern Sonora, most of Chihuahua, northeast Durango, northern Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí, and throughout most of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas. It is known from barrier islands on the Gulf Coast of Texas and Tamaulipas at sea level, up to about 1,830 meters elevation. It is absent for higher elevations within its range, where other species of the genus may occur (e.g. Sierra Madre Oriental). Ecological associations include the southern Great Plains, Edwards Plateau, Tamaulipan mezquital, Chihuahua Desert, Llanos el Salado, and many peripheral and marginal areas of these ecoregions. The eastern distributional limit of the Texas horned lizard in the piney woods region of east Texas and western Louisiana, and the Ozark Mountain forests of western Arkansas, and Missouri likely represent introductions however, some have argued these records reflect natural relic populations.

Many records of introductions from areas beyond its natural range have been reported as a result of released and escaped individuals from the pet trade in the early and mid-twentieth century, including: Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Wyoming, although these do not represent established, breeding populations. However, a few stable populations, some known for over 50 years, occur in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, but these do not seem to be dispersing or spreading.

Behavior
Despite the fierce appearance, Texas horned lizards are extremely docile creatures. The Texas horned lizard is a sunbather, and requires bright sunlight to produce vitamin D. Deprived of sunlight, the animal is unable to produce vitamin D and can suffer from vitamin deficiency. So, horned lizards are most often found along the side of roads or other open, rocky areas, where they can lounge and take in sunlight. At night, the lizard buries itself in sand. Although they prefer to move very little, horned lizards can move quite fast if they feel a predator is in the area, and dart into thick grass and foliage to escape. Horned lizards are also excellent diggers, and can quickly burrow underground to escape threats. Horned lizards are often found near harvester ant colonies which are a major part of their diet. Their daily movement is averaged at 50 meters. They hibernate in burrows averaging in depth at 140 mm and often have them face south/southwest for maximum sun exposure.

Although its coloration generally serves as camouflage against predation, when threatened by a predator, a horned lizard puffs up and appears very fat, which causes its body scales to protrude, making it difficult to swallow. The Texas horned lizard, along with at least three other species of the genus Phrynosoma, also has the ability to squirt an aimed stream of blood from the corners of the eyes and sometimes from its mouth at a distance up to 5 ft. They do this by restricting the blood flow leaving the head, thereby increasing blood pressure and rupturing tiny vessels around the eyelids. This not only confuses would-be predators, but also the blood is mixed with a chemical that is foul-tasting to canine predators such as wolves, coyotes, and domestic dogs. This novel behavior is generally observed to be very effective in defense; however, it appears to have no effect against predatory birds. They can lose up to 6 percent of their body weight when performing this.

Diet and decline
About 70% of the Texas horned lizard's diet is made up of harvester ants, though they supplement these with termites, beetles, and grasshoppers. Texas horned lizards possess a blood plasma factor that neutralizes harvester ant venom and are known to produce copious amounts of mucus in the esophagus and pharynx which function to embed and incapacitate swallowed ants. In recent years, the species has declined by about 30% of its range, though it may be making a comeback. The decline is usually blamed on overuse of pesticides and the spread of nonnative, highly aggressive and fiercely territorial red imported fire ants. Both eradicate harvester ant colonies, destroying the lizard's principal source of food. The Texas horned lizard is now a protected species, and, in Texas, it is illegal to take, possess, transport or sell them without a special permit.

A University of Texas publication notes that horned lizard populations continue to disappear throughout the southwest despite protective legislation. The Texas horned lizard has disappeared from almost half of its geographic range. Population declines are attributed to loss of habitat, human eradication of the ant populations upon which the lizards prey, displacement of native ant populations by invading fire ants (aided by synergistic effects of native ant eradication), and predation by domestic dogs and cats.

In 2014, the Center for Biological Diversity in Tucson, Arizona petitioned the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation to have the Texas horned lizard put on the endangered species list due to the massive decline of its population in Oklahoma, where it was once plentiful. The Center said it may later seek protection for the animal on a Federal level; it also said that reptiles in general are dying off at up to 10,000 times their historic extinction rate, greatly due to human influences.

In Texas, the creature has been declared threatened and a breeding and reintroduction program has been started by the Fort Worth Zoo. Hatchlings are bred and released in targeted areas in the hope that with a large number of animals, enough will survive to grow the population in the wild. Typically in such reptile reintroduction programs, fewer than one percent of a female's offspring will survive in the wild to adulthood.

Current research
Horned lizards are studied by researchers at Texas Christian University, the nearby Fort Worth Zoo, and Dallas Zoo with raw data and fieldwork done by state employees. Since 2010, the Dallas Zoo has been conducting a mark-and-recapture study on Texas horned lizards on the Rolling Plains Quail Research Ranch, a 4,700-acre preserve located in Fisher County, Texas. Dallas Zoo researchers capture animals, tag them, collect data, and release them. The project's goals are aimed at shedding light on the life history, population density, and determining ecological conditions best suited for this threatened species. Further research toward their preservation is funded by sale of horned lizard "Keep Texas Wild" license plates.

In addition, the Dallas Zoo and Houston Zoo are working to establish a captive colony of animals with several key reproductive successes taking place in 2015.

In Native American religion and art
Some Native American people regard horned lizards as sacred. The animal is a common motif in Native American art in the Southwestern United States and Mexico.

In popular culture
The Texas horned lizard is the state reptile of Texas and, as the "horned frog", is the mascot of Texas Christian University and can be seen in the university's seal.

title: Texas horned lizard


text:
Harry Graham (Manitoba politician)

Harry Edward Graham (December 26, 1921 in Foxwarren, Manitoba – September 21, 2006 in Russell, Manitoba ) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served as a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1986.

The son of George Malcolm Graham and Margaret Leckie, he was educated at the University of Manitoba, and worked as a farmer after his graduation. Graham served as Vice-Chairman of the Russell District Hospital, and was also the President of the Progressive Conservative Association in the federal riding of Marquette. In 1951, he married Velma Louise Murdoch.

He first entered politics while helping a friend, Dr. Vern Rosnoski, who was a dentist, run for office. After Rosnoski couldn't find a dentist to take over his practice who could use left-handed tools, Graham ran in his place.

He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in a by-election on February 20, 1969, defeating Liberal Edward Shust in the riding of Birtle-Russell. The riding had previously been held by the Liberals, and Graham's victory provided an impetus for Progressive Conservative Premier Walter Weir to call a general election later in the year.

The Tories lost government to the New Democratic Party in this election, and Graham nearly lost his own seat to NDP candidate Donald Kostesky. He was re-elected again by a slightly greater margin in the 1973 election, which the NDP also won.

The Progressive Conservatives returned to power in the 1977 election under Sterling Lyon, as Graham again narrowly increased his margin of victory in Birtle-Russell. He was not appointed to cabinet, but rather served as the Speaker of the legislature from November 24, 1977 until 1981.

In 1980, Graham presided over the temporary expulsion from the legislature of Robert Wilson, who had been convicted of a criminal offence. Wilson was permanently expelled in 1981.

Graham won the easiest re-election victory of his career in the election of 1981, running in the redistributed riding of Virden. Ironically, this occurred as the PCs lost government to the NDP. Graham served as an opposition member of the Legislative Assembly for the next five years, and did not seek re-election in 1986.

He died at Russell District Hospital after a lengthy illness.

title: Harry Graham (Manitoba politician)