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South African Rugby Union

The South African Rugby Union (SARU) is the governing body for rugby union in South Africa and is affiliated to World Rugby. It was established in 1992 as the South African Rugby Football Union, from the merger of the South African Rugby Board and the non-racial South African Rugby Union (SACOS), and took up its current name in 2005.

SARU organises several national teams, most notably the senior national side, the Springboks. SARU consists of 14 regional associations, each of which sends its own team to the Currie Cup, the oldest and most important league title in South Africa. In addition, the SuperSport Rugby Challenge takes place annually. In addition to the actual national team, the SARU also puts together other teams. The Junior Springboks are the U-20 national team and take part in the Rugby Championship and the World Championships. There are also the Blitzboks, the national team for sevens rugby. Children and young people are introduced to rugby at school and then, depending on their interest and talent, training begins. The most talented players at school level are brought together every year after Craven Week (named after Danie Craven ) in the SA Schools team. Each South African university has its own rugby team, which can take part in the Varsity Cup and the Varsity Shield.

The national championship is superseded by the international championship United Rugby Championship, which is played together with teams from Ireland and Wales, as well as two franchises each from Italy and Scotland. South Africa is represented by four franchises, which are managed by the SARU: the Bulls from Pretoria, the Lions from Johannesburg, the Sharks from Durban and the Stormers from Cape Town. Since the seasons overlap only slightly, many players are used in both professional leagues.

History
The South African Rugby Board was the rugby union governing body of white South Africans between 1889 and 1992. The governing of white and coloured rugby union was handled separately during South Africa under Apartheid. In 1992 the non-racial South African Rugby Union and the South African Rugby Board were merged to form the South African Rugby Football Union. The unified body changed its name in 2005 to the current South African Rugby Union.

Kamp Staaldraad
The debacle of the 2003 World Cup saw the Springboks exit in the quarterfinals. Further, SARU experienced the scandal of Kamp Staaldraad, the training camp run by then-Boks coach Rudolf Straeuli. Reportedly, "naked players were crammed into foxholes and doused repeatedly with ice-cold water while the English national anthem and New Zealand's haka were played over and over again... [and] were also forced into a freezing lake in the early hours of the morning to pump up rugby balls under water and... when some players tried to get out they were ordered back into the water at gunpoint." Straeuli resigned, as did Rian Oberholzer, the managing director of South Africa Rugby (Pty) Ltd, the commercial arm of SARFU. Soon afterwards, SARFU president Silas Nkununu, facing a strong reelection challenge, withdrew from consideration for election.

van Rooyen
Brian van Rooyen was elected president of SARU in 2004. He soon became a highly polarising figure in South African sport, with detractors accusing him of financial shenanigans, favouritism, and general mismanagement. His management style was also widely perceived as autocratic. One of the major gripes against the Van Rooyen administration was the allocation of venues for the Springboks home test matches. The KwaZulu-Natal Union and the Free State Union did not receive a Tri Nations Test in 2005 or 2006. Both unions, vocal opponents of Van Rooyen, accused him of punishing them for their opposition.

SANZAR
However, the biggest bone of contention surrounded the expansion of the Super Rugby competition. SANZAR, a consortium of the South African, Australian, and New Zealand governing bodies, expanded their Super 12 competition to 14 teams, a change that took effect in 2006. South Africa was entitled to add one franchise to the four from the Super 12 era. In a controversial move, the Southern Spears franchise was assured a place in the 2007 and 2008 competitions, with an increasingly unpopular promotion/relegation system established to keep the total of South African Super 14 teams at its allotted five. Van Rooyen was widely viewed as being responsible for this arrangement, which was generally opposed by the existing Super 12/14 sides. The South African government attempted to step in to address perceived problems within Van Rooyen's administration, but he survived two years of attempts to oust him. Finally, at the February 2006 SARU General Meeting, Van Rooyen was voted out.

Oregan Hoskins, who promised a more decentralised management style, was voted in. After the election, it was alleged by Free State Rugby Union president Harold Verster that Van Rooyen had offered a bribe of ZAR 3 million (US$485,000) plus a Springboks test against France to the Free State union in exchange for the union changing its vote in the presidential election in his favour. Hoskins announced that a planned investigation into Van Rooyen's administration would go forward. In June 2006 Van Rooyen was banned from serving in any capacity on the general council or committees of the South African Rugby Union.

As for the Spears issue, the SARU Presidents' Council issued a recommendation on 24 March 2006 that SA Rugby revisit the decision to admit the Spears. On 19 April 2006, the decision to admit the Spears was officially overturned by SARU.

Israel
South African Rugby Union disinvited the Israeli team the Tel Aviv Heat from an international competition in South Africa in February 2023. South Africa Rugby’s CEO said that after listening to "the opinions of important stakeholder groups," it had decided to disinvite Tel Aviv "to avoid the likelihood of the competition becoming a source of division, notwithstanding the fact that Israel is a full member of World Rugby." The Tel Aviv Heat protested the decision, South African Friends of Israel said the South Africa Rugby Union "bent the knee to appease political extremists in South Africa who threatened to harm and incite violence should an Israeli team participate in the sport," and the South African Zionist Federation called the decision "an attack on our sportsmen and women in South Africa." The San Clemente Rhinos, which replaced Tel Aviv, issued a statement condemning discrimination saying the team "stands together with Tel Aviv Heat players and coaches."

title: South African Rugby Union


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Petey Williams

Peter Williams III (born August 26, 1981) is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE as a backstage producer. He is best known for his time in Impact Wrestling, where he is a two-time X Division Champion. He is also known for his time in Lucha Libre USA (LLUSA), where he held the Tag Team Championship with Jon Rekon. He is known by his nickname "The Canadian Destroyer", a reference to Doug Chevalier (Scott D'amore's original mentor) and also the name of his front flip piledriver finishing move.

Early career (2001–2004)
Williams was trained alongside Chris Sabin by Scott D'Amore at the Can-Am Wrestling School. Williams debuted in D'Amore's Windsor, Ontario-based Border City Wrestling promotion in 2001. He spent the next four years working on the independent circuit in Canada for Border City Wrestling; Blood, Sweat and Ears; and in the Northern United States for promotions such as NWA Cyberspace and Pro Wrestling Guerrilla.

Team Canada (2004–2006)
Williams debuted in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling on February 25, 2004, a member of Team Canada. He and the remainder of Team Canada took part in the TNA 2004 World X Cup Tournament, but were defeated by Team Mexico and Team USA.

On August 11, 2004, Williams won the X Division Championship in a twenty-two man Gauntlet for the Gold match, entering at number eleven and pinning the Amazing Red to win the bout.

Early in his title reign, Williams claimed that the Canadian Destroyer could not be countered. According to Williams, Bully Ray told him to focus the entire match in his finishing move. However, after Williams successfully retained the title in a match with A.J. Styles at Victory Road on November 7, 2004, Chris Sabin began claiming that he was capable of countering the move. He went on to counter the Canadian Destroyer into his own finishing move, the "Cradle Shock", on three occasions in the month following Victory Road. However, Sabin was unable to defeat Williams for the X Division Championship at Turning Point on December 5, 2004. Williams's reign would last for five months and five days, (which would become the longest X Division title reign until Christopher Daniels won the title in 2005), before ending on January 16, 2005, at Final Resolution, where he was defeated by A.J. Styles in an Ultimate X match that also featured Sabin. At Lockdown on April 24, 2005, Williams and fellow Team Canada member Eric Young unsuccessfully challenged America's Most Wanted for the NWA World Tag Team Championship. They challenged then-champions The Naturals at Slammiversary on June 19, 2005, but were once again defeated.

Williams returned to the X Division on July 17, 2005, at No Surrender, unsuccessfully challenging X Division Champion Christopher Daniels. Williams, along with the rest of Team Canada, would go on to join Planet Jarrett upon TNA's debut on Spike TV in October 2005. After winning an Ultimate X match at Bound for Glory on October 23, Williams received a title shot against A.J. Styles at Genesis on November 13, but was again defeated. Williams would resume wrestling in the X Division and faced off against Chris Sabin, Elix Skipper, Shark Boy, Puma and Chase Stevens in an Xscape Match at Lockdown. Williams and Sabin were the final two competitors, but Williams lost after Sabin was able to climb over the cage and escape.

Williams again acted as the captain of Team Canada in the 2006 World X Cup Tournament. He lost to Jushin Thunder Liger at Sacrifice in a Captain vs. Captain semifinal match, but won the Gauntlet Match final to tie the points with Team USA. On the following edition of Impact!, he lost to Team USA captain Chris Sabin in a tiebreaker singles match.

On the June 29 episode of Impact!, Jim Cornette announced that Team Canada would be disbanded immediately. However, they were given one last chance to stay intact if they won a match a week later against Jay Lethal, Rhino, and Team 3D. Team Canada lost the match when Lethal pinned A-1, officially disbanding Team Canada once and for all. On the July 27 edition of Impact!, Williams won an X Division four-way match by defeating Sonjay Dutt, Johnny Devine, and Shark Boy after hitting Shark Boy with the Canadian Destroyer. On the following week's Impact!, he defeated Jay Lethal, Sonjay Dutt, Kazarian and Alex Shelley and became the number one contender to the X Division Championship.

At Hard Justice, Williams challenged the X Division Champion Senshi in a triple threat match also involving Jay Lethal. During the match, Williams used the Canadian Destroyer on Lethal and was about to attempt a pinfall until Senshi dropkicked Williams out of the ring and pinned Lethal to retain his championship.

Various feuds (2006–2007)
Williams was invited to watch Latin American Xchange burn the American flag during the November 16 edition of Impact!, but he would make his first face turn after refusing to torch the flag. Williams was then involved in the feud between America's Most Wanted and the Latin American Xchange. At Genesis, Homicide had Gail Kim set up for Da Gringo Killa, but Williams came in with a lead pipe to make the save.

On the following Impact!, Williams was later named as Kurt Angle's tag team partner to face LAX for the NWA World Tag Team Championship, but he was ambushed before the match by LAX. Samoa Joe would then replace Williams as Angle's partner. On the following week, Williams would go one on one against Homicide and defeated him via roll-up. After the match though, Homicide, Hernandez and Konnan started to beat down Williams followed by Hernandez hitting him with the Border Toss. AMW would then come out to make the save and then steal the Mexican flag. At Turning Point, Williams came out to help AMW in their flag match against LAX. During the match, he attempted the Canadian Destroyer on Konnan, but he was stopped by Hernandez. On the December 14 edition of Impact!, the LAX defeated AMW in a title vs. team match after James Storm hit Chris Harris with a beer bottle, permanently disbanding AMW. After AMW's dissolution, their former manager Gail Kim became Williams' valet. The two later faced and were defeated by James Storm and Jacqueline Moore at Against All Odds. Petey soon split from Kim and then became involved in a storyline with former Team Canada partners Eric Young and Robert Roode as Williams' tried to help Young get out of a contract that Roode had Young signed to. The feud continued until Lockdown, where Williams faced Roode. Despite using a hockey stick, Williams was pinned by Roode after a Payoff to win the match. He later competed in the Ultimate X match at Victory Road, but was the second competitor eliminated from the match. Soon after, he remained completely unseen on television. On the October 25 edition of Impact!, he participated in a fatal four way X Division style match against Havok, Sonjay Dutt and Shark Boy, but the match went to a no-contest after Team 3D interfered and put both Williams and Havok through tables. On the November 1 edition of Impact!, Williams and the entire X Division attacked Team 3D.

Maple Leaf Muscle (2007–2008)
After the feud between the X Division and Team 3D died down, Williams began talking about bodybuilding and was often working out during interviews and referring to himself as "Little Poppa Pump". At Turning Point, he won one of the briefcases in the Feast or Fired match. Scott Steiner, who also won one of the briefcases, would later trade cases with Williams, which unintentionally gave Petey a World Heavyweight Championship shot in the process.

In subsequent matches, Williams would bring down the briefcase to the ring and place it near the turnbuckle. During one of his matches, Steiner entered the arena and switched Petey's world title match briefcase with the original X Division Championship match briefcase. During a tag team match with Williams and Steiner against Rock 'n Rave Infection, Steiner stole both cases and left him to be pinned by Jimmy Rave. Williams and Steiner faced off at Against All Odds with the winner getting both briefcases. Steiner would go on to win the match and officially claim both briefcases. On the following Impact!, Williams once again came up short against Steiner, but after the match Steiner showed Williams respect.

Following this, Williams formed a team with Steiner and acquired the managerial services of Rhaka Khan in the process. Upon forming their alliance, Steiner and Khan put Williams through numerous initiations to prove himself worthy of their team. Williams and Steiner faced the Motor City Machine Guns in a tag team match, Petey won after pinning Alex Shelley. After the match, Williams had one more initiation to complete. Rhaka Khan brought out a black bag that contained a pair of scissors and a shaver. Steiner then cut and shaved Williams' hair, and gave him a chainlink headdress similar to Steiner's, cementing Williams' heel turn in the process. This also gave emphasis to the nickname "Little Petey Pump", a variation of Steiner's "Big Poppa Pump" nickname.

Williams later competed in the "Cuffed in the Cage" match at Lockdown, but lost to the eventual winner Eric Young. On the April 17 edition of Impact!, Steiner gave him the X Division title shot briefcase. Later in the same episode, after Jay Lethal's match against Johnny Devine, Williams attacked Lethal from behind, cashed in the title shot and won his second X Division Championship. Two weeks later at a taping of Impact!, Williams' orbital bone was fractured during a match. However, Williams recovered from his injury and returned at Slammiversary to successfully defend his title against Kaz and again on the Impact! after Slammiversary.

At Hard Justice, Williams retained his X Division Championship against Consequences Creed due to interference from Sheik Abdul Bashir. At No Surrender on September 14, he lost the X Division title in a triple threat match after Bashir pinned Consequences Creed. Upon losing his title, Williams had a face turn when he was attacked by Bashir as well as Rock 'n Rave Infection. Williams would then participate in the Steel Asylum Match at Bound for Glory IV, but came up short as Jay Lethal won.

The Frontline (2008–2009)
On the October 30 edition of Impact!, Williams along with A.J. Styles, Samoa Joe, Jay Lethal, Consequences Creed, Eric Young, O.D.B. and The Motor City Machine Guns formed a faction of younger wrestlers, known as The Frontline, to oppose The Main Event Mafia (Sting, Kurt Angle, Kevin Nash, Booker T and Sharmell). Later that night, Scott Steiner returned from his injury, attacked Williams' allies and joined the Main Event Mafia. Unlike the rest of the MEM, Steiner spared Williams from a beating.

On the November 13 edition of Impact!, after seemingly being in-between the two sides, Williams suffered a beating at the hands of the Main Event Mafia, which included Steiner tossing Williams off a ladder and busting him open and as a result, ended his affiliation with Williams thus turning Williams into a face character. Williams returned on the January 15 edition of Impact! attacking Scott Steiner while referee Earl Hebner was distracted by guest enforcer Mick Foley. Williams cost Steiner the match with a missile dropkick leading to AJ Styles hitting the Pelé on Steiner for the win. Williams and AJ embraced after the match. Williams would go on to lose to Steiner at Against All Odds, and once again on the following Impact! in a "Head Dress on a Pole" match, effectively ending their feud.

In January 2009, TNA informed Williams that the company would not renew his contract that was expiring later that month. Williams wrestled his last match for the company on February 10, at the tapings of the February 19 edition of Impact!, when he teamed with former Team Canada partner Eric Young to take on Beer Money, Inc. for the World Tag Team Title. He was pinned in the match, and due to a previous stipulation, was banished from TNA.

Independent circuit (2009–2014)
After departing from TNA, Williams made a one-night return to Border City Wrestling on March 28 to compete in an eight-man gauntlet match to determine who would claim the vacant Heavyweight Championship. Tyson Dux ultimately won the match and the title. On April 17, Williams began wrestling for All Japan Pro Wrestling during their newly introduced Junior Tag League with Phil Atlas as his tag team partner. On April 29, the final night of the Tag League, Williams and Atlas defeated F4 (Hiroshi Yamato and Kai) to claim third place. Williams returned to AJPW in late August to compete in the Junior League, where he only won one match. Upon his return to the US, Williams participated in the PWS King Of The Ring 2009 and reached the finals before losing to Aden Chambers.

On November 7, Williams made his debut for Pro Wrestling Xtreme and defeated Matt Burns in a singles match. He made his second and final appearance for the promotion exactly one month later, where he defeated Michael Elgin. On November 13, Williams redebuted for Border City Wrestling and reunited with Scott D'Amore in a winning effort over Joe Doering and Tyson Dux with Kurt Angle as the special guest referee. Williams made his debut for Capital City Championship Combat on November 21, where he reformed Team Canada with Johnny Devine in a winning effort over The Untouchables (Dan Paysan and Jimmy Stone). On February 7, 2010, Williams debuted in Canadian Wrestling's Elite at their Collision Course event. He defeated Bobby Jay to qualify for a four-way match for the vacant title later on in the event, but was unable to win the championship.

On July 16, 2010, Williams made his debut for Collective League Of Adrenaline Strength And Honor (CLASH) in the first round of the NPCI 2010 Tag Team Tournament where he teamed up with Zach Gowen to lose to Gavin Quinn and Tommy Treznik. Williams made his return on February 26, 2011, when he took on Gavin Quinn for the CLASH Championship and lost. He received another shot at the title in August and once again lost. On January 21, 2012, Williams defeated Quinn in a three-way match for the CLASH Championship which also included J. Miller. Afterwards, Williams went on a singles winning streak which included multiple championship defences against the likes of Alex Shelley. He lost the title to J. Miller on January 17, 2013. On June 22, 2013, at House of Hardcore 2 Williams defeated Alex Reynolds and Tony Nese in a three-way match but lost in a rematch on November 9, 2013, at House of Hardcore 3. On May 9, 2014, at Border City Wrestling's East Meets West event Williams teamed with Brent B in a losing effort over Time Splitters (Alex Shelley & Kushida) in Match 2 of BCW vs. NJPW Series. Later in May 2014, Petey was defeated by JP Simms in a match for the IFWA Heavyweight Championship at a WrestleCentre Voltage taping, following a Simmulator. On June 6 at House of Hardcore 4 Williams defeated Tony Nese and Alex Reynolds in a Three-way match. On June 7 at House of Hardcore 5 Williams teamed with Tony Nese in a losing effort over Bad Influence (Christopher Daniels & Frankie Kazarian).

Ring of Honor (2009–2010)
After returning to the US on May 1, Williams wrestled two shows for Ring of Honor on June 26 and 27, respectively, the first being a six-man mayhem match, which was won by Austin Aries at Violent Tendencies, and the second being a singles match at End of an Age, which he lost to Kenny King. On September 18, Williams returned to Ring of Honor where he and Colt Cabana defeated Austin Aries and Rhett Titus. The next day, Williams defeated Titus in a singles match. On September 25, Williams wrestled in a four-corner survival match involving El Generico, Chris Hero and Claudio Castagnoli, which was won by Castagnoli. The next day at Glory by Honor VIII, he competed against Aries for the World Championship, but lost. On October 9, Williams lost another four-corner survival match to Castagnoli. The next day, he lost to Castagnoli in a qualifying match for the Survival of the Fittest elimination match. On March 19, 2010, at Gold Rush, he returned to ROH in a losing effort to Austin Aries. On March 20 at Epic Encounter III, he lost to World Television Champion Eddie Edwards in a title match.

Lucha Libre USA (2010–2012)
On December 12, 2010, Williams made his debut for Lucha Libre USA, forming a heel, anti-illegal immigration tag team named "The Right" with R. J. Brewer. On February 19, 2011, Williams was defeated by LA Park, This episode aired on tape delay on October 15, 2011. On March 19, 2011, Williams along with R. J. Brewer & Jon Rekon defeated Rocky Romero, Super Nova, & Magno in a 6-man tag match. later on in the main event Williams took part in the lucha roulette elimination number one contenders match for the LLUSA Heavyweight Championship, which was won by Charly Malice. On May 28, 2011, Williams and Jon Rekon defeated Jay Lethal & Magno in a Number one contenders match for the Vacant Tag Tag Championships. On June 18, 2011, Williams and his stablemate in The Right, Jon Rekon, defeated the Latin Liberators (Rocky Romero and Super Nova) to win the vacant LLUSA Tag Team Championship. On January 22, 2011, Williams defeated Charly Malice due to an interference from the leader of "The Right" R. J. Brewer, This episode aired on tape delay on October 22, 2011.

On April 21, 2012, Williams announced he had parted ways with Lucha Libre USA.

Return to TNA (2013–2014)
On January 12, 2013, Williams returned to TNA to take part in the tapings of the One Night Only: X-Travaganza special, teaming with Sonjay Dutt in a tag team match, where they were defeated by Bad Influence (Christopher Daniels and Kazarian). On March 17, Williams also took part in the tapings of the 10 Reunion pay-per-view, during which he wrestled in a three-way match, where he and Sonjay Dutt were defeated by Kenny King. The following day, Williams teamed with Dutt for the tapings of the TNA Tag Team Tournament pay-per-view, though they were eliminated in their first round match by Generation Me (Max and Jeremy Buck). On December 6 tapings of the World Cup of Wrestling pay-per-view, Williams teamed with Funaki as part of Team International but lost to Team Aces & Eights' D.O.C. and Knux. Williams returned to television on the March 28 episode of Impact Wrestling, defeating Mason Andrews and Sonjay Dutt in a three-way match to become the number one contender for the X Division Championship. Williams received his title shot on the April 18 episode of Impact Wrestling, but was defeated by the defending champion Kenny King in a three-way match that also involved Zema Ion. On May 23 episode of Impact Wrestling, Williams faced Joey Ryan and Suicide in a number one contender's match for an X Division Championship match at Slammiversary, which Suicide won after pinning Ryan. At the special Destination X episode of Impact Wrestling on July 18, Williams wrestled in a three-way match against Homicide and Sonjay Dutt for a chance to compete for the vacant X Division Championship, which was ultimately won by Dutt. On April 12, 2014 (aired August 1) at X-Travaganza 2014. Williams was defeated by Tigre Uno and this was his final match in TNA.

On July 3, 2014, Williams announced he would be retiring from professional wrestling. His final match took place two days later in a losing effort against Chris Sabin at an XICW event.

Second return to Impact Wrestling (2017–2021)
On August 17, 2017, at Destination X, Williams returned to Impact, interfering in an Impact X Division Championship ladder match between Sonjay Dutt and Trevor Lee. Williams executed the Canadian Destroyer on the interfering Caleb Konley. On the August 31 episode of Impact Wrestling, Williams defeated Konley. At Victory Road, Williams lost to Trevor Lee in an X Division Championship match. At Bound for Glory, Williams competed in a six-way match for the Impact X Division Championship, but failed to win the match. On the November 16 episode of Impact Wrestling, Williams was defeated by L. A. Knight in an Impact World Championship match. On the March 15, 2018, episode of Impact Wrestling, Williams competed in Feast or Fired match where he got a case that revealed he got an X Division Championship match. At Redemption, Willams would use the case for a title shot against Matt Sydal, but would lose the match. At Slammiversary XVI, Williams competed in a four-way match that was won by Johnny Impact. At Rebellion (2019), Williams competed in a six-way match which was won by Ace Austin. At Unbreakable, Williams, Scott Steiner and Jordynne Grace defeated Dicky Mayer, Gentleman Jervis and Ryan Taylor. On the November 5 episode of Impact Wrestling, Williams lost to Bhupinder Singh.

At Hardcore Justice, Williams and Josh Alexander defeated TJP and Fallah Bahh, and Ace Austin and Madman Fulton in a triple threat tag team match. At Under Siege, Williams and TJP competed in a four-way tag team match to determine the number one contender for the Impact World Tag Team Championship which was won by Ace Austin and Madman Fulton. At Against All Odds, Williams competed in a five-way match to determine the #1 contender for the Impact X Division Championship which ended in a no contest. At Slammiversary, Williams competed in an Ultimate X match for the Impact X Division Championship which was won by Josh Alexander. At Homecoming, Williams and Jordynne Grace lost to Matt Cardona and Chelsea Green in a first round match in the Homecoming tournament. At Emergence, Williams lost to Steve Maclin. At Victory Road, Williams lost to Steve Maclin in a 3 Way match that also involved TJP. He left Impact in November 2021.

WWE (2022-present)
In January 2022, it was reported Williams had signed with WWE as a producer. He appeared on the December 5, 2022 edition of Raw breaking up the brawl alongside various WWE officials between Bobby Lashley and Seth "Freakin" Rollins only for him to get accidentally speared by Lashley.

Professional wrestling style and persona
Having popularised the sunset flip piledriver, which he called the Canadian Destroyer, Williams has been credited as the inventor of the move, though there is evidence of Amazing Red performing it in the 1990s. According to Williams, the move was suggested to him in 2003 while travelling to an IWA Mid-South show along with Chris Sabin and Truth Martini. Williams and Sabin originally planned to use the move in their match together but decided against it. The next month, Williams debuted the move in a match against Matt Sydal. During the mid 2000s, it was viewed as a powerful and popular move; the devastation of the piledriver combined with the acrobatics of the flip appeared like an animation from a video game. In the 2010s, several wrestlers adopted the Canadian Destroyer as a transition move. Williams has complained about this fact as his move was intended to be a finishing manoeuver.

Other media
He appeared in the video game TNA Impact! as a downloadable character.

Personal life
Williams plays guitar and harmonica in a band called The High Crusade, which also includes former TNA wrestlers Alex Shelley and Chris Sabin and their friends Adam Tatro and Chris Plumb. The band released their debut album, It's Not What You Think, on September 7, 2010.

Petey has been married and divorced twice and has children from both marriages (three in total).

Championships and accomplishments
1 Scott Steiner won a match with the other Feast or Fired winners for an opportunity to trade his unopened case with someone else choosing Williams' case and when his new case was opened it contained the World Heavyweight Title match. Later he was defeated by Steiner to win both cases. 2 Steiner later gave back his original briefcase.
 * Alliance Championship Wrestling
 * ACW Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Border City Wrestling
 * BCW Can-Am Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bobby Roode
 * BCW Can-Am Television Championship (1 time)
 * CLASH Wrestling
 * CLASH Championship (1 time)
 * CLASH Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with The Canadian Destroyer
 * East Coast Wrestling Association
 * Super 8 Tournament (2005)
 * Elite Wrestling Revolution
 * EWR Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South
 * IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Lucha Libre USA
 * LLUSA Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Jon Rekon
 * Metro Pro Wrestling
 * MPW Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)
 * New Korea Pro Wrestling Association
 * NKPWA Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Upstate
 * NWA Upstate No Limits Championship (1 time)
 * Prime Time Wrestling
 * PTW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * King Of The Cruiserweight Tournament (2006)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * Ranked No. 23 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2005
 * Pure Pro Wrestling
 * PPW Franchise Championship (1 time)
 * Resistance Pro Wrestling
 * RPW King Of The Night Life Championship (1 time)
 * Total Nonstop Action Wrestling/Impact Wrestling
 * TNA X Division Championship (2 times)
 * Gauntlet for the Gold (2004, 2008 – TNA X Division Championship)
 * Feast or Fired (2007, 2018 – X Division Championship contract)2
 * TNA Year End Awards (3 times)
 * Finisher of the Year (2004–2006) Canadian Destroyer
 * Ultimate Championship Wrestling
 * UCW Lightweight Championship (1 time)
 * Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 * Best Wrestling Maneuver (2004, 2005) Canadian Destroyer
 * Rookie of the Year (2004)
 * Xtreme Intense Championship Wrestling
 * XICW Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Petey Williams


text:
Sibuyanon

May-as, also called Mangyan tagabukid, is a term for the indigenous people of the island of Sibuyan, in the Philippines.

Sibuyanon is the name of the dialect of Romblomanon spoken on the island of Sibuyan.

The local people commonly refer them to as “Mangyan”. the Indigenous people, however, prefer to call them “Sibuyanon”, the way the other inhabitants in the island are called. This is because they are aware that the term “Mangyan” carries with negative connotations among lowlanders. It is unsure if they are even related to the Mangyans of Mindoro island to the northwest.

The May-as are clustered in groups of two to four houses, scattered throughout the rolling and hilly areas of Sibuyan Island. They are essentially farmers but they also extract resources from the forests and rivers.

title: Sibuyanon


text:
1971 in rail transport

April

 * April 18 – Serious fire at Kentish Town West railway station in London; it remains closed until 5 October 1981.
 * April 20 – In Tokyo, Japan, the Chiyoda Line is extended from Kita-senju to Ayase.
 * April 30 – On the eve of Amtrak's assumption of American passenger train operations, Union Pacific Railroad and Chicago and North Western Railway end the City of Los Angeles and City of Denver trains, and the United States Post Office Department cancels all but one of the eight remaining Railway Mail Service routes; the final route served Washington, D.C., to New York City.

May

 * May 1 – Amtrak begins operations of most intercity passenger train service in the United States.
 * May 4 – The Bucharest Transport Enterprise (Întreprinderea de Transport București) puts in operation the first of the V3A trams, which later became the basis of the Bucharest Articulated Tramcar series.

June

 * June 5 – Amtrak begins operating a section of the Empire Builder over the ex-Northern Pacific Railway mainline between Minneapolis and Spokane, Washington, restoring service to that route. This train will later be known as the North Coast Hiawatha.
 * June 6 – London Transport commemorates the end of operating steam locomotives with a special run from Moorgate to Neasden depot of a train comprising No. L94 (ex-GWR 5700 Class No. 7752) and a selection of maintenance rolling stock.

July

 * July 1 – The Shonan Monorail is extended from Nishi-Kamakura to Shōnan-Enoshima Station in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
 * July 23 – Opening of the final section of London Underground's Victoria line, from Victoria to Brixton, by Princess Alexandra.
 * July 24 – The last regularly steam-hauled passenger train in New South Wales.
 * July 30 – Opening of Pfaffenberg-Zwenberg Bridge on Tauern Railway Line in Austria, the world's longest concrete arch, with a span of 200 m.
 * July 31 – The Monon Railroad is merged into the Louisville and Nashville Railroad.

September

 * September 10 – British Columbia Premier W. A. C. Bennett leads the ceremony to open the Pacific Great Eastern Railway's Fort Nelson Subdivision between Fort St. John and Fort Nelson, British Columbia.
 * September 26 – Deutsche Bundesbahn introduces Inter-City express train network in Germany.

October

 * October 2 – Preserved ex-Great Western Railway steam locomotive No. 6000 King George V inaugurates a series of special trains on British Rail, the first steam allowed on the main line for several years.
 * October 26 – Last train worked by steam on New Zealand Railways, the South Island Limited, hauled by JA class.

November

 * November – Construction begins on the Tōhoku Shinkansen line in Japan.

December

 * December 6 – The first Auto Train operates under the control of the Auto-Train Corporation.
 * December 16 – The first section of Sapporo Municipal Subway, connecting from Kita-nijuyo-jo Station, via Sapporo Station to Makomanai Station route officially opens in Hokkaido, before 1972 Winter Olympics.

Unknown date

 * United States Federal Railroad Administration opens High Speed Ground Test Center (later the Transportation Technology Center) in Pueblo, Colorado.
 * Construction begins on the Jōetsu Shinkansen line from Tokyo to Niigata, Japan.

February accidents

 * February 9 – A Zürich-bound TEE train derails at Aitrang, Germany, due to excess speed and is hit by a railbus. 28 die and 42 are injured.

March accidents

 * March 4 – A local train collides with a mini truck at a level crossing on the Fujikyu line, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan, killing at least 179 people and injuring 6100.
 * March 11 – A runaway train carrying 350 passengers, mostly children, derails next to a 12 m ravine near Vicuña, Chile, killing twelve people.

May accidents

 * May 27 – Dahlerau train disaster: A special train full of schoolchildren collides with a freight train in Dahlerau, West Germany, on the line between Wuppertal and Radevormwald due to a misunderstanding of signals. 46 die and 25 are injured, making this the worst rail accident in West Germany during Deutsche Bundesbahn times.

June accidents

 * June 10 – Salem, Illinois derailment: a flat spot on a locomotive wheel causes Amtrak's City of New Orleans to derail near Salem, Illinois. Six passengers are killed. It is Amtrak's first fatal accident since beginning operations on May 1.

July accidents

 * July 21 – A fast train from Basel to Copenhagen derails due to a technical failure in the Class 103 engine; 23 die and 121 are injured.

August deaths

 * August 30 – Louis Armand, French railway engineer, manager and resistance fighter (born 1905)

title: 1971 in rail transport


text:
All round defence

All-around defense or perimeter defense is a type of defensive fighting position intended to give military units the ability to repel attacks from any direction.

The positioning of the outer defensive fighting positions of a unit, is circular or triangular, from a bird's-eye view.

One version consists of soldiers forming a wide circle around the soldier in charge (and radioman etc.) with a spacing typically of 3–4 metres between each person (on the circle's circumference).

When a group of soldiers relocate as a part of a defensive operation, a perimeter defense can be temporarily maintained without cover.

title: All round defence


text:
User talk:Markpapadakis

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P.S. '''Please note that Wikipedia is not an advertising medium. Your articles Adman and Phaistos Networks have been listed on Votes for deletion page.'''

title: User talk:Markpapadakis


text:
User talk:Billyvamp4

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
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I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

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title: User talk:Billyvamp4


text:
Zhao Ruirui

Zhao Ruirui (born 8 October 1981 in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China) is a Chinese former volleyball player who competed in the 2003 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup winning side and made an initial appearance with the 2004 gold medal-winning side before refracturing her right leg. Following her retirement in 2009 from sports competition, she has become a successful sci-fi author and published several critically acclaimed novels. Her sci-fi novel (The Wing Man) won the Silver Award of the 4th Global Chinese Nebula Award in 2013.

Career
Zhao won the 2001 World Grand Champion Cup and the 2003 World Grand Prix 2003 gold medals. She also won the 2003 World Cup and the 2004 Athens Olympic Games 2004 gold medals and the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games 2008 bronze medal.

Individuals

 * 2003 Asian Women's Volleyball Championship "Most Valuable Player"
 * 2003 Asian Women's Volleyball Championship "Best Blocker"
 * 2003 FIVB World Cup "Best Spiker"

title: Zhao Ruirui


text:
Rangitikei District

The Rangitikei District is a territorial authority district located primarily in the Manawatū-Whanganui region in the North Island of New Zealand, although a small part, the town of Ngamahanga (13.63% by land area), lies in the Hawke's Bay Region. It is located in the southwest of the island, and follows the catchment area of the Rangitīkei River.

The Rangitikei District Council is the local government authority for this district. It is composed of a mayor, currently Andy Watson, and 11 councillors, one of whom is the deputy mayor.

History
The Rangitikei District was established in 1989 as part of the 1989 local government reforms.

Local government
The current Mayor of Rangitikei is Andy Watson, elected in 2013 and re-elected in 2016 and 2019. Watson was first elected in 2013 by obtaining 1,983 votes (41.5%) of the vote and a majority of 486 (10.2%) beating incumbent mayor Chalky Leary.

Rangitikei District Council is served by eleven councillors elected across five wards. Two councillors are elected from the Bulls ward, one from the Hunterville ward, four from the Marton ward, three from the Taihape ward and one from the Turakina board.

Regional government
Rangitikei District is one of ten districts located partially or entirely within the Manawatū-Whanganui region. As such, it is represented on the Manawatū-Whanganui Regional Council, known as Horizons Regional Council. Two of the twelve regional councillors are elected by the district in the Manawatu - Rangitikei ward; the two regional councillors elected in the 2016 elections are Bruce Gordon and Gordon McKellar.

National government
Rangitikei is located in the general electorate of Rangitīkei and in the Māori electorate of Te Tai Hauāuru. Rangitīkei has been a safe National Party seat since the 1938 election with the exception of 1978–1984 when it was held by Bruce Beetham of the Social Credit Party. Since 2023 it is held by Suze Redmayne.

Te Tai Hauāuru is a more volatile seat, having been held by three different parties since 1996, i.e. New Zealand First, Te Pāti Māori and the Labour Party. Since 2023, it has been held by Debbie Ngarewa-Packer of Te Pāti Māori.

Geography
Located north of Wellington, the district stretches from the South Taranaki Bight toward the North Island Volcanic Plateau, forming a trapezium-shaped block that includes the towns of Taihape, Bulls, Marton, Hunterville, and Mangaweka. The district has a land area of 4,483.91 km².

Climate
Rangitikei's climate is temperate and has few extremes compared to many parts of New Zealand. According to the Köppen climate classification, this climate is classified as oceanic climate (Cfb). Summers are warm, with average temperatures in the low 20s. The most settled weather occurs in summer and early autumn. Winters are mild near the coast and on the plains; it is colder inland and in the hill country, but often frosty, clear and calm. Snowfall occasionally settles in areas 400 m above sea level, such as Taihape. Annual rainfall is moderate, and annual hours of bright sunshine can average over 2,000.

Demographics
Rangitikei District covers 4483.91 km2 and had an estimated population of as of  with a population density of  people per km2.

Rangitikei District had a population of 15,663 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 636 people (4.2%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 1,644 people (11.7%) since the 2013 census. There were 7,041 dwellings. The median age was 41.1 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 3,033 people (19.4%) aged under 15 years, 2,655 (17.0%) aged 15 to 29, 6,816 (43.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 3,159 (20.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 79.6% European/Pākehā, 28.2% Māori, 5.5% Pasifika, 2.9% Asian, 0.5% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders, and 1.5% other. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Rangitikei District had a population of 15,027 at the 2018 New Zealand census. There were 5,721 households, comprising 7,554 males and 7,473 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.01 males per female.

The percentage of people born overseas was 12.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 46.1% had no religion, 38.5% were Christian, 4.9% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.2% were Muslim, 0.2% were Buddhist and 1.3% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 1,365 (11.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 2,964 (24.9%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $27,200, compared with $31,800 nationally. 1,242 people (10.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 5,742 (48.3%) people were employed full-time, 1,884 (15.8%) were part-time, and 417 (3.5%) were unemployed.

Roads
State Highway 1 goes through Bulls. The North Island portion of this national state highway, one of only eight in New Zealand, begins at Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua and ends at Wellington International Airport—passing through Bulls at 925 km.

State Highway 3 passes through Bulls. This highway connects Woodville (25 km east of Palmerston North) and Hamilton via New Plymouth.

State Highway 54 connects Palmerston North and SH 1 at Vinegar Hill via Feilding.

Public transport
InterCity runs five daily and three non-daily bus services in Marton and Bulls. These include Whanganui–Wellington, Palmerston North–Auckland, Tauranga–Wellington, Wellington–New Plymouth and Auckland–Palmerston North.

Marton used to be serviced by the North Island Main Trunk (or Overlander), a railway line connecting Auckland and Wellington. However, in 2012 the Overlander was replaced by the Northern Explorer, which has fewer stops and does not stop in Marton.

The nearest airports to the district are Whanganui Airport, located 37 km west (of Marton), and Palmerston North Airport, located 44 km southeast. Both airports are domestic only.

Education

 * Secondary schools
 * Rangitikei College, Marton
 * Nga Tawa Diocesan School, Marton
 * Turakina Maori Girls' College, Marton (until 2015, now closed)
 * Taihape Area School, Taihape (years 1–13)

title: Rangitikei District


text:
Star Light, Star Bright

"Star Light, Star Bright" is an English language nursery rhyme of American origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 16339.

Lyrics
The lyrics usually conform to the following:
 * Star light, star bright,
 * First star I see tonight;
 * I wish I may, I wish I might
 * Have the wish I wish tonight.

Origins
The superstition of hoping for wishes granted when seeing a shooting or falling star may date back to the ancient world. Wishing on the first star seen may also predate this rhyme, which first began to be recorded in late nineteenth-century America. The song and tradition seem to have reached Britain by the early twentieth century and have since spread worldwide.

In popular culture
It is used in the 1940 Disney film Pinocchio and related Disney media.

It is used in the 1953 Sci-Fi film It Came from Outer Space.

The first half is featured in the chorus of Madonna's 1983 song Lucky Star.

It is featured in the chorus of Dave Loggins’ 1979 song “If I Had My Wish Tonight,” which was a Top 40 hit for David Lasley in 1982.

It is partially quoted in the song "Take Me Away" on Blue Öyster Cult's 1983 album The Revölution by Night.

The rhyme is quoted and referenced on Metallica's 1996 single “King Nothing”, released for the album Load.

In Puss in Boots: The Last Wish, it is used as the plot's basis, the quest for the Wishing Star, in addition to providing deeper meaning to the film's central themes. It is read verbatim in the opening and repeated later on.

It is also quoted in Nicki Minaj's 2023 song Last Time I Saw You.

It is also quoted in the chorus of an unreleased [Simple Minds] track [Space], taken from the album [Our Secrets Are The Same] which was recorded in 2000 and was not commercially released due to a dispute with their record company. However, the album was included in the 2004 [Silver Box] boxset.

title: Star Light, Star Bright


text:
List of country music guitarists

This list includes relevant Bluegrass, Rockabilly, Country blues, Country rock, Dobro, Slide Guitar, and Pedal Steel Guitar

• Chet Atkins

• Norman Blake Bluegrass, Traditional Country

• John Bohlinger

• Junior Brown    Country

• Tom Brumley Pedal Steel

• Jimmy Bryant

• Roy Buchanan

• James Burton

• Billy Byrd Country

• Jerry Byrd Pedal  Steel

• Glen Campbell   Country

• Maybelle Carter Bluegrass, Country

• Roy Clark Country

• B.J. Cole Pedal Steel

• Mark O'Connor   Bluegrass

• Ry Cooder Bottleneck

• Dan Crary   Bluegrass

• Jerry Donahue

• Jerry Douglas Dobro, Bluegrass

• Pete Drake  Pedal Steel

• Tommy Emmanuel

• Buddy Emmons   Pedal  Steel

• Hank Garland Country

• Danny Gatton

• Vince Gill Country

• Merle Haggard

• Roy Harvey Old time music, Bluegrass

• Buddy Holly Rockabilly

• John Jorgenson

• Leo Kottke Acoustic

• Bernie Leadon Country rock

• Albert Lee

• Joe Maphis  Country

• Brent Mason

• Leon McAuliffe Western Swing

• Scotty Moore Rockabilly

• Roy Nichols

• Brad Paisley    Country

• Les Paul     Contemporary, Country

• Carl Perkins Rockabilly

• Luther Perkins Rockabilly

• Riley Puckett Old time music

• Bonnie Raitt Bottleneck

• Will Ray

• Jerry Reed

• Don Reno  Bluegrass, Country

• Tony Rice   Bluegrass, acoustic

• Don Rich

• Arlen Roth

• Eldon Shamblin Western Swing, Country

• Ricky Skaggs

• Hank Snow    Country

• Merle Travis Country

• Travis Tritt    Country

• Keith Urban

• Steve Wariner

• Doc Watson  Bluegrass, Traditional Country

• Speedy West   Pedal Steel

• Clarence White Bluegrass, Country, Country rock

• Bob Wootton Country

title: List of country music guitarists


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Archaeology

{| width=100% style="background: none;"
 * width="95%" style="vertical-align:top;border: none; background:none;" |
 * width="95%" style="vertical-align:top;border: none; background:none;" |

WikiProject Archaeology is a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of archaeology on Wikipedia.

Participating
To sign up to the project, simply add yourself to the list of participants. You may also want to add our userbox (User WikiProject Archaeology) to your user page to help advertise the project.

You can help out by:
 * Watching the project talk page and participating in discussions
 * Watching the monitoring page to receive article alerts about pages about archaeology
 * Tagging the talk pages of articles about archaeology with our project banner (WikiProject Archaeology)
 * This automatically-generated list of new articles potentially within the project's scope may be useful
 * Assessing articles for quality and importance/priority
 * Expanding archaeology stubs and fulfilling requests for articles
 * Joining the women in archaeology task force to help counter Wikipedia's systematic bias in its coverage of archaeology

title: Wikipedia:WikiProject Archaeology


text:
User talk:Rechishop

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
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 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
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title: User talk:Rechishop