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Leo Sayer (album)

Leo Sayer is the sixth album by English-Australian singer-songwriter Leo Sayer, released in 1978.

The song "I Can't Stop Loving You (Though I Try)" became a hit when Phil Collins recorded it in 2002.

Critical reception
The Globe and Mail wrote that Sayer "has fully abandoned the style which pushed him on to the charts, a pop-disco hybrid... In its place, he has recently offered a plate full of mellow tunes, geared primarily to show off his vocal chords, which have in the past played second fiddle to large orchestras."

Side one

 * 1) "Stormy Weather" (Leo Sayer, Tom Snow)
 * 2) "Dancing the Night Away" (Russell Smith, James H. Brown, Jr.) (Amazing Rhythm Aces cover)
 * 3) "I Can't Stop Loving You (Though I Try)" (Billy Nicholls)
 * 4) "La Booga Rooga" (Andy Fairweather Low) (Andy Fairweather Low cover)
 * 5) "Raining in My Heart" (Felice and Boudleaux Bryant) (Buddy Holly cover)

Side two

 * 1) "Something Fine" (Jackson Browne) (Jackson Browne cover)
 * 2) "Running to My Freedom" (Tom Snow, Johnny Vastano)
 * 3) "Frankie Lee" (Sayer, Ray Parker Jr.)
 * 4) "Don't Look Away" (Sayer, Snow)
 * 5) "No Looking Back" (Sayer, Snow)

Personnel

 * Leo Sayer – guitar, harmonica, vocals, background vocals
 * Ben Benay – guitar
 * Ollie E. Brown – percussion
 * Jackson Browne – performer
 * Lindsey Buckingham – guitar, vocals on "Something Fine"
 * Michael Carnahan – horn
 * Lenny Castro – percussion, conductor
 * Bill Champlin – vocals, background vocals
 * Scott Edwards – bass guitar
 * Andy Fairweather-Low – performer
 * Richard Felts – horn
 * Jim Gilstrap – vocals, background vocals
 * Jay Graydon – guitar
 * Davey Johnstone – guitar
 * Bobby Kimball – vocals, background vocals
 * Russ Kunkel – drums
 * David Lindley – mandolin, violin, steel guitar
 * Steve Lukather – guitar, electric guitar
 * James Newton Howard – clavinet
 * David Paich – piano, keyboards
 * Ray Parker Jr. – guitar
 * Dean Parks – guitar
 * Greg Phillinganes – piano, keyboards
 * Jeff Porcaro – drums, percussion
 * Steve Porcaro – synthesizer
 * Chuck Rainey – bass guitar
 * Tom Saviano – saxophone
 * Leland Sklar – bass guitar
 * Tom Snow – piano, background vocals
 * James Stroud – producer, drums, synthesizer programming
 * Fred Tackett – guitar
 * Waddy Wachtel – guitar, electric guitar

Production

 * Record producer: Richard Perry
 * Horn arrangements: Tom Saviano
 * Engineer: Bill Schnee

title: Leo Sayer (album)


text: Talk:Leo Sayer (album)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Leo Sayer (album)


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Avishai Cohen (bassist)

Avishai Cohen (אבישי כהן; born April 20, 1970) is an Israeli jazz double bassist, composer, singer, and arranger.

Early life
Avishai was born in Kabri, a kibbutz in northern Israel. He has Sephardic, Greek-Jewish and Polish-Jewish ancestry. He grew up in a musical family at Motza and Beit Zayit near Jerusalem until the age of six, when his family moved to nearby Shoeva. He began playing the piano at 9 years old but changed to the bass guitar at the age of 14, inspired by bassist Jaco Pastorius, whose music was introduced to Cohen by a music teacher in St Louis, Missouri, where Cohen had moved with his family as a teenager. When his family moved back to Israel he joined the Music and Arts Academy in Jerusalem with a focus on acoustic bass.

Later life and career
Cohen played with Chick Corea and Claudia Acuña.

At age 22, after having served for two years in an army band, Avishai moved to New York City, where he initially performed on the streets while working in construction. While studying at the New School in New York he became part of Panamanian pianists Danilo Perez’ Trio, which led him to experiment with Latin sounds. In 1997, Avishai Cohen became a member of “Chick Corea’s New Trio” and co-founder of Corea’s ensemble, “Origin”. During the six years of musical collaboration with Chick Corea, Avishai fine-tuned his skills as a performer and composer.

Avishai’s first four albums, Adama (1998), Devotion (1999), Colors (2000) and Unity (2001) were released under Corea’s label ‘Stretch/ Concord Records’ and featured Mediterranean and Latin influences as well as the use of horns and vocals. Unity was recorded with the International Vamp Band, a group of fellow musicians formed by Avishai, from different parts of the world (Mexico, Argentina, Cuba and Israel). The idea behind the project was to allow different cultures to interact and converse using the medium of music.

In 2002, Cohen founded his record label, Razdaz Recordz. "I've always been interested in several genres of music, including jazz, rock, pop, Latin and funk," says Cohen. "I'm always packed with ideas. I decided to start my own label because I'm involved in so many different projects." Lyla was the first album released by Razdaz. Cohen reflected on his work, "Lyla reflects much of who I am as an artist. The International Vamp Band has been touring for two years and I wanted to document that. I also started a rock band Gadu with US drummer named Mark Guiliana [...] I've also been working on pop tunes with a female vocalist named Lola. And, of course, to show the whole picture on the CD, I wanted to acknowledge my relationship to Chick."

In 2005 he released the album At Home, described as one of his most striking records, featuring the composition “Remembering”, a highly evocative trio ballad which became his most beloved and demanded encore at live performances, as well as being highly demanded for use in film and TV.

The cosmopolitan Continuo (2006) followed with great success. In 2007, the live recording As Is, Live at the Blue Note marked his return to New York for a series of live concerts at the Blue Note Jazz Club.

With Gently Disturbed (2008), a Trio album featuring Mark Guiliana on drums and Shai Maestro on piano, released through his own Razdaz Recordz, Avishai Cohen received major international acclaim by critics and audiences alike.

After residing for many years in New York City, Avishai moved back to Israel and released Sensitive Hours / Shaot Regishot (2008), which attained gold sales status in Israel. It was the first album to introduce vocals in all its compositions as well as songs in Hebrew.

In Aurora (2009), Avishai blended jazz, classical music and Sephardic traditions, while further exploring his abilities as a singer.

In 2011, Avishai Cohen released the critically acclaimed album Seven Seas (Emi/Blue Note).

In 2012, he released the duo album Duende (Emi/Blue Note) with Israeli pianist Nitai Hershkovits. For his performance in Duende, he won the 2013 Echo Jazz Award for International Bass Instrumentalist of the Year.

The release of Almah (Warner/Parlophone, 2013), combined his Trio with a string quartet, incorporating classical music elements for the first time in his career.

2015 saw the release of the new, highly anticipated trio album, From Darkness (Razdaz Recordz) featuring Nitai Hershkovits on piano Daniel Dor on drums, a Trio configuration that was highly praised by critics.

In 2016, he presented “An Evening with Avishai Cohen”, a project featuring a dynamic core trio of double bass, drums and piano, with the integration of full orchestra. For “An Evening with Avishai Cohen”, he collaborated with over 25 orchestras such as the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, the Malmo Symphony, Luxembourg, Brussels Philharmonic , the BBC Concert Orchestra , Philharmonic Orchestra Essen, Brno Philharmonic Orchestra , Lviv Philharmonic and the Philharmonie de Paris.

In 2017, Avishai Cohen released the album 1970 (Sony), in which he explored a more accessible, pop/rock sound as well as his vocal expression.

In 2019, he returned to his distinctive Trio configuration with his album Arvoles (Razdaz Recordz) featuring Noam David on drums and Elchin Shirinov on piano.

In 2020, he announced that he was joining French label Naïve Records (Believe Digital) as an exclusive recording artist.

In 2021, Avishai Cohen released the album Two Roses (Naïve Records - Believe Digital) with the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra conducted by Alexander Hanson and with his trio including Mark Guiliana on drums and Elchin Shirinov on piano.

Style
Cohen's signature sound is a blend of Middle Eastern, eastern European, and African-American musical idioms. His compositions reflect an expansive musical universe and embrace a blend of traditions, cultures, languages and styles, from Hebrew and Ladino folk songs, jazz standards, to pulsating contemporary jazz. The New York Times describes his 2006 album Continuo as conjoining "heavy Middle Eastern groove with a delicate, almost New Age lyricism". Cohen often sings in Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino), to which he has a connection through his mother. For example, "Morenika", from his album Aurora, is a very famous Ladino song he grew up hearing his mother singing around the house. Over the years Cohen has been creating and performing more music and arrangements associated with classical music, combining the richness of composed music and the freedom of jazz in his musical statement.

As sideman
With Chick Corea
 * Origin, A Week at the Blue Note (Stretch, 1998)[6CD] – live recorded in 1997
 * Origin, Live at the Blue Note (Stretch, 1998) – live recorded in 1997
 * Origin, Change (Stretch, 1999)
 * New Trio, Past, Present & Futures (Stretch, 2001)

With Amos Hoffman
 * The Dreamer (Fresh Sound, 1999)
 *  Evolution (Sunnyside, 2008)

With others
 * Gary Barlow, Music Played by Humans (Polydor, 2020)
 * Seamus Blake Trio, Sun Sol (Fresh Sound, 2000) – recorded in 1999
 * Omri Mor, It's About Time! (Naïve, 2018) – recorded in 2013–16
 * Danilo Pérez, PanaMonk (Impulse!, 1996)
 * Kurt Rosenwinkel Trio, East Coast Love Affair (Fresh Sound, 1996) – live
 * Edward Simon, Simplicitas (Criss Cross, 2005) – recorded in 2004

title: Avishai Cohen (bassist)


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Charlotte von Stein

Charlotte Albertine Ernestine von Stein (also mentioned as Charlotta Ernestina Bernadina von Stein ), born von Schardt; 25 December 1742, Eisenach – 6 January 1827, Weimar, was a lady-in-waiting at the court in Weimar and a close friend to both Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, whose work and life were strongly influenced by her.

Childhood
Charlotte's parents were Hofmarschall Johann Wilhelm Christian von Schardt (1711–1791) and Koncordia Elisabeth Irving of Drum (1724–1802). While her father was a wasteful eccentric, her mother who had had Scottish ancestors was said to be very quiet and dutiful.

Her parents moved to Weimar when Charlotte was yet a little child and she was prepared for working as a lady-in-waiting. Her education included literature, art, singing and dancing. They said that Charlotte was unobtrusive, witty, graceful and dutiful like her mother was. There were four things she spent most of her time on:

 * Society (according to her “profession”)
 * Taking cures (she had a weak constitution)
 * Literature/Theater/Art (she was an avid writer and later published several dramas, including "Dido" and "Ryno")
 * Animals (she had various pets, e.g. cats, dogs and doves)

Profession and family
In 1758 Charlotte became a lady-in-waiting to Anna Amalia, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, whom she served until the Duchess's death in 1807. On 17 May 1764 Charlotte married Baron Gottlob Ernst Josias Friedrich von Stein (1735–1793). It was not a marriage for love, but for social and political interests. Often Charlotte remained alone in Weimar, as her husband travelled a great deal in the service of the Duke of Saxe-Weimar in Jena. From 1764 to 1773 she gave birth to seven children. Four daughters died; three boys, Karl, Ernst and Fritz, survived. After her seventh child was born, Charlotte was physically exhausted, and took a succession of cures. She was also the aunt of Amalia von Helvig, who became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.

Works
Charlotte von Stein wrote four plays, only one was published during her lifetime, Die zwey Emilien (The Two Emilies). The play was published anonymously, but with Schiller's name on the cover, which led many to believe that he was the author. Not until 1923 was Die zwey Emilien published under Charlotte von Stein's name. A second play, Die Probe (The Trial or The Rehearsal), may have been written by Charlotte von Stein. It was published in 1809 and has since disappeared. Charlotte von Stein wrote two more texts, both of which were untitled and have also been lost. The first was a story and the second another comedy.

Rino (1776)

Dido (1794)

Neues Freiheitssystem oder die Verschwörungen gegen die Liebe (New System of Freedom or the Conspiracy Against Love) (1798)

Die zwey Emilien (The Two Emilies) (1800)

Charlotte and Goethe
In 1774 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Charlotte von Stein met in Weimar. It was the beginning of a deep friendship which lasted for twelve years. During this time she had a strong influence on Goethe's work and life. Goethe took into his house her eleven-year-old son Fritz (her darling), in May 1783, and took over the boy's education to her satisfaction.

This period of her life might have been the happiest since she was in the center of social life and attention and met many famous personalities, e.g., Friedrich Schiller, Karl Ludwig Knebel, and Johann Georg Zimmermann. She frequently corresponded with Schiller's wife Charlotte.

In the eyes of her contemporaries
Knebel has given an outstanding depiction of von Stein's nature:

"Pure, correct feeling combined with a natural, passionless, light disposition have worked together with own diligence, furthered by the contact to excellent people that harmonized with her utterly fine thirst for knowledge, to form her into a personality whose nature and existence are hardly probable to come about, in Germany, very often again. She lacks any pretentiousness or affectation; she is straight, free in a natural way, not too heavy and not too light, without enthusiasm, and yet, with spiritual warmth, takes an interest in all reasonable and in all human, is well informed and possesses a fine delicacy, even aptitude for art."

- Karl Ludwig Knebel, letter to his sister Henriette, 18 April 1788

Loneliness and death
In 1786 the deep friendship between Charlotte and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ended with his sudden departure to Italy without even telling her he wanted to go. Not until after 1800 did their relationship begin to normalize and even then it never became as close as before.

After her husband had died in 1793 Charlotte retired from society and became more and more lonely. In 1794 she wrote the drama Dido— a literary self-portrait that also depicted her disappointment about Goethe's behavior. It reflected the years from 1770 to 1790 and the situation in Weimar at that time. As depicted by Virgil, Dido (Queen of Carthage) was forsaken by her lover Aeneas who set off for Italy - an obvious parallel to von Stein herself and Goethe.

Charlotte von Stein died on 6 January 1827 at the age of 84.

Legacy
The German poet Peter Hacks presented his play "Gespräch im Hause Stein über den abwesenden Herrn von Goethe" (A Discussion in the Stein Home about the Absent Mr. Goethe) in 1974. This monodrama became a worldwide success and is seen as a subtle analysis of the fate of Charlotte von Stein.

title: Charlotte von Stein


text:
Paul Motian

Stephen Paul Motian (March 25, 1931 – November 22, 2011)  was an American jazz drummer, percussionist, and composer. He played an important role in freeing jazz drummers from strict time-keeping duties.

Motian first came to prominence in the late 1950s in the piano trio of Bill Evans and later was a regular in pianist Keith Jarrett's band for about a decade (c. 1967–1976). The drummer began his career as a bandleader in the early 1970s. Perhaps his two most notable groups were a longstanding trio with guitarist Bill Frisell and saxophonist Joe Lovano as well as the Electric Bebop Band, in which he worked mostly with younger musicians on interpretations of bebop standards.

Biography
Motian was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and raised in Providence, Rhode Island. He was of Armenian descent. After playing guitar in his childhood, Motian began playing the drums at age 12, eventually touring New England in a swing band. During the Korean War he joined the Navy.

Motian became a professional musician in 1954, and briefly played with pianist Thelonious Monk. He became well known as the drummer in pianist Bill Evans's trio (1959–64), initially alongside bassist Scott LaFaro and later with Chuck Israels.

Subsequently, he played with pianists Paul Bley (1963–64) and Keith Jarrett (1967–76). Other musicians with whom Motian performed and/or recorded in the early period of his career included Lennie Tristano, Warne Marsh, Lee Konitz, Joe Castro, Arlo Guthrie (Motian performed briefly with Guthrie in 1968–69, including at Woodstock), Carla Bley, Charlie Haden, and Don Cherry. Motian subsequently worked with musicians such as Marilyn Crispell, Bill Frisell, Leni Stern, Joe Lovano, Gonzalo Rubalcaba, Alan Pasqua, Bill McHenry, Stéphan Oliva, Frank Kimbrough, Eric Watson and many more.

Later in his career, Motian became an important composer and group leader, recording initially for ECM Records in the 1970s and early 1980s and then for Soul Note, JMT, and Winter & Winter before returning to ECM in 2005. From the early 1980s he led a trio featuring guitarist Bill Frisell and saxophonist Joe Lovano, occasionally joined by bassists Ed Schuller, Charlie Haden, or Marc Johnson, and other musicians, including Jim Pepper, Lee Konitz, Dewey Redman and Geri Allen. In addition to playing Motian's compositions, the group recorded tributes to Thelonious Monk and Bill Evans, and a series of Paul Motian on Broadway albums, featuring original interpretations of jazz standards.

Despite his important associations with pianists, Motian's work as a leader since the 1970s rarely included a pianist in his ensembles and relied heavily on guitarists. Motian's first instrument was the guitar, and he apparently retained an affinity for the instrument: in addition to his groups with Frisell, his first two solo albums on ECM featured Sam Brown, and his Electric Bebop Band featured two and occasionally three electric guitars. The group was founded in the early 1990s, and featured a variety of young guitar and saxophone players.

In 2011 Motian featured on a number of new recordings, including Live at Birdland (with Lee Konitz, Brad Mehldau and Charlie Haden), Samuel Blaser's Consort in Motion, No Comment by Augusto Pirodda, and Further Explorations with Chick Corea and Eddie Gómez. Bill McHenry's Ghosts of the Sun was released - by coincidence - on the day of Motian's death. Motian's final album as bandleader was The Windmills of Your Mind, featuring Bill Frisell, Thomas Morgan and Petra Haden.

Death
Motian died on November 22, 2011 at the age of 80 at New York's Mount Sinai Hospital of complications from myelodysplastic syndrome.

Box set releases
CAM Jazz released a box set titled Paul Motian in September 2010. This release compiles a number of albums which were originally issued by the Soul Note label: The Story of Maryam, Jack of Clubs, Misterioso, Notes (with Paul Bley), One Time Out (with Bill Frisell and Joe Lovano) and Flux and Change (duet with Enrico Pieranunzi).

In November 2012, Winter & Winter released Paul Motian on Broadway Vol. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 which collects the five volumes of On Broadway into a single set.

ECM Records released a box set titled Paul Motian in April 2013, as part of the label's continuing Old & New Masters Edition series. This set compiles the six albums that Motian recorded for ECM between 1972 and 1984; Conception Vessel, Tribute, Dance, Le Voyage, Psalm and It Should've Happened a Long Time Ago.

Posthumous releases
The first posthumous release to feature Motian was Sunrise by the Masabumi Kikuchi Trio (with Thomas Morgan), released in March 2012 by ECM. This was followed in July 2012 by Owls Talk by Alexandra Grimal (also featuring Lee Konitz and Gary Peacock), released by Harmonia Mundi.

Two live recordings, led by pianist Enrico Pieranunzi, have been released by CAM Jazz; New York Reflections: Live at Birdland (with Steve Swallow) was released in October 2012 (exclusively in vinyl format), while Live at the Village Vanguard (with Marc Johnson) was issued in March 2013.

CAM Jazz reissued One Time Out in March 2013, in 180g vinyl format. A compact disc edition is supplied with it. One Time Out was also issued on CD as part of the CAM Jazz Paul Motian boxset.

In 2023, Frozen Reeds released "Duo in Concert," recordings of Motian freely improvising with Derek Bailey, from their two known live performances.

Motian compositions recorded by others and tributes
Motian Sickness – The Music of Paul Motian (for the Love of Sarah) was released in September 2011, featuring Jeff Cosgrove, John Hebert, Mat Maneri and Jamie Masefield.

November 2011 saw the release of Joel Harrison's String Choir: The Music of Paul Motian. Harrison arranged Motian's music for a string quartet (featuring Christian Howes, Sam Bardfeld, Mat Maneri, and Dana Leong), plus two guitars (Liberty Ellman and Harrison).

Russ Lossing's Drum Music: Music of Paul Motian (Solo Piano) was released in July 2012 by Sunnyside Records. Lossing originally recorded the album to celebrate Motian's 80th birthday; he published a video on YouTube about the recording.

Ravi Coltrane included the Motian composition Fantasm on his 2012 album Spirit Fiction. The performance features Joe Lovano.

Noël Akchoté independently released Fiasco (Plays the Music of Paul Motian) in July 2015, exclusively in digital format. It features solo acoustic guitar arrangements of twenty Motian compositions.

In 2016, Jean-Marc Padovani released Motian in Motion via Naïve Jazz.

In 2018, the Carl Michel Group released Music in Motian via Play On Records.

In 2020, Haşmet Asilkan arranged the songs of Motian for solo guitar and released them under the title Paul Motian Songbook

title: Paul Motian


text:
Charles M. La Follette

Charles Marion La Follette (February 27, 1898 – June 27, 1974) was an American lawyer and politician.

His great-grandfather was William Heilman, who was in the United States House of Representatives from Indiana.

He served as a Republican in the United States House of Representatives during the 1940s and took part in the post-World War II Nuremberg Trials.

Early life and career
During World War I, La Follette was in the United States Army from 1917 to 1919, where he served in the 151st Infantry Regiment of the 38th Infantry Division.

After his military service, La Follette studied law at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, and was admitted to the Indiana State Bar Association in 1925. He set up practice in Evansville, Indiana.

Congress
La Follette served as a Republican in the Indiana House of Representatives from 1927 to 1929, and in the United States House of Representatives from 1943 to 1947.

In 1947 he served as deputy chief of counsel for war crimes in the Nuremberg Trials.

After Congress
La Follette then served as the director of Americans for Democratic Action from 1949 to 1950, and served on the Subversive Activities Control Board from 1950 to 1951.

He was a third cousin of Robert M. La Follette Jr. and Philip La Follette.

He died in Trenton, New Jersey, on June 27, 1974. His body was cremated and the ashes interred at Locust Hill Cemetery in Evansville, Indiana.

title: Charles M. La Follette


text:
Spring Grove, Avondale and Cincinnati Railway

The Spring Grove, Avondale and Cincinnati Railway, now defunct, was a one and one-quarter mile long, narrow gauge railroad of Hamilton County, Ohio that provided access to the Cincinnati Zoo.

The company was chartered in February 1881 to build a line connecting Cincinnati, Avondale, St. Bernard, and Venice in Butler County. However, on May 3, 1881, less than three months later, the company was leased for ninety-nine years to the narrow gauge Cincinnati Northern Railway, which built the line as a spur from a point at its own line, called Avondale Junction, to the zoo. It was a popular route, easily enabling visits to the zoo.

On March 6, 1883, the company was merged with the Cincinnati Northern into the Toledo, Cincinnati and St. Louis Railroad. After that company's bankruptcy and sale at auction, the Spring Grove was sold at auction in January 1886 and became part of the Cincinnati, Lebanon and Northern Railway. In September 1888, holders of Spring Grove bonds sued over non-payment. A receiver was appointed in July 1889, all service on the road ceased the following month, and the line was torn up in September.


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Chilavannoor

Chilavannoor, or Chilavannur, is a high-value residential area of Kochi in the state of Kerala, India. Chilavannoor Road serves as its main artery, running from the Elamkulam junction and is 3 km in length.

Educational institutions nearby

 * Traum Academy for German & French languages

The Chilavannoor Kayal (backwaters) and the Ponneth Bhagavathy Temple are the main tourist attractions of the area.

title: Chilavannoor


text: Category:Princes of Wallachia

title: Category:Princes of Wallachia


text:
Talk:History of Saturday Night Live (1975–1980)

December 2004 comment
I thought it might be nice (and cleaner eventually?) to split this article up into sections that deal with each season. In this way it is clear who was a cast member during which years, etc and we can expand each season's section to indicate popular character/sketch debuts, infamous events, etc. Ideally we could even begin to move the entire "Seventies" history into each season section where possible. Once we get the format correct in 1975-1980, we could then bring this format into the other periods. Jeff schiller 18:06, 2004 Dec 2 (UTC)

July 2005 comment
The first cast members were Second City alumni Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, and Gilda Radner and Groundlings alumni Chevy Chase (whose trademark became his usual falls and opening spiel that ushered in the show's opening), Jane Curtin, Laraine Newman, and Garrett Morris. This is wrong. Of the latter four people, only Newman had ever been in the Groundlings.Bjones

Alternate organization
The History of Saturday Night Live (1990-1995) has some improvements that should be considered for the other articles in the series, such as: If you agree these changs represent improvements, consider applying them here too. Thanks. 66.167.139.170 11:33, 29 January 2006 (UTC).
 * eliminating the Season Breakdown section, promoting all items within it
 * moving season-specific comments to the appropriate section instead of lumping them all together in the introduction
 * adding a Hosts and musical guests section and providing a cross-reference there to the right section in List of Saturday Night Live hosts and musical guests

WP:BIO
Please do not reinsert the allegations of drug abuse without providing a reliable source as called for by WP:BIO. The editor formerly known as Harmonica Wolfowitz 23:22, 18 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The source for these allegations was Saturday Night: A Backstage History of Saturday Night Live, by Doug Hill and Jeff Weingrad. --JamesB3 04:27, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

Howard Shore's Band
"The original theme music was written by future Academy Award-winning composer Howard Shore, who--along with his "All Nurse Band"--was the original band leader on the show."

This implies that the "All Nurse Band" was the official name of the house band. This is incorrect. The "All Nurse Band" was a one-off joke for one episode, in which the band members dressed up in nurse's outfits. They were also called "Howard Shore and His Band of Angels" (when they dressed up like angels) and "Howard Shore and the Shore Patrol" (when they dressed up like sailors). It would be just as inaccurate to call that their official name as it would be to say that the first season cast excluding Chase was called "the Bees," because they were called that once in the second episode. -- JCaesar 22:30, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:FirstsceneSNL10111975.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:SNLtitleshot101175.jpg
Image:SNLtitleshot101175.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 17:39, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

Lead comment
I added a lead section to this page Airrick321 (talk) 01:15, 4 March 2015 (UTC)


text:
Primula bulleyana

Primula bulleyana is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to hillsides in China.

Description
Primula bulleyana is one of a group known as candelabra primulas, so called because of the tiered arrangement of their flowers. It is a semi-evergreen perennial. The sturdy, erect flowering stems appear in summer and are 50 - 60 cm long, rising in groups from a rosette of leaves 12 - 35 cm long and 3 - 10 cm broad. The whorls of multiple orange-yellow flowers, opening from red buds, are arranged in tiers. It thrives in a bright, moist environment, such as beside a pond.

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

History
It was first introduced by George Forrest from Yunnan province, China, in 1906, and named after Arthur K Bulley, his first sponsor, who was a cotton broker from Liverpool and a keen amateur gardener. He founded the Bees Ltd. nursery and was responsible for the introduction of many hardy plants and alpines to Britain in the early 20th century.

Subspecies
The plant formerly known as Primula beesiana (Bee's primrose) is now regarded as a synonym of P. bulleyana subsp. beesiana. It is similar in size and form to its parent, but has purple blooms. It is likewise a recipient of the RHS award.

title: Primula bulleyana


text:
Sequitur algorithm

Sequitur (or Nevill-Manning–Witten algorithm) is a recursive algorithm developed by Craig Nevill-Manning and Ian H. Witten in 1997 that infers a hierarchical structure (context-free grammar) from a sequence of discrete symbols. The algorithm operates in linear space and time. It can be used in data compression software applications.

Constraints
The sequitur algorithm constructs a grammar by substituting repeating phrases in the given sequence with new rules and therefore produces a concise representation of the sequence. For example, if the sequence is
 * S→abcab,

the algorithm will produce
 * S→AcA, A→ab.

While scanning the input sequence, the algorithm follows two constraints for generating its grammar efficiently: digram uniqueness and rule utility.

Digram uniqueness
Whenever a new symbol is scanned from the sequence, it is appended with the last scanned symbol to form a new digram. If this digram has been formed earlier then a new rule is made to replace both occurrences of the digrams. Therefore, it ensures that no digram occurs more than once in the grammar. For example, in the sequence S→abaaba, when the first four symbols are already scanned, digrams formed are ab, ba, aa. When the fifth symbol is read, a new digram 'ab' is formed which exists already. Therefore, both instances of 'ab' are replaced by a new rule (say, A) in S. Now, the grammar becomes S→AaAa, A→ab, and the process continues until no repeated digram exists in the grammar.

Rule utility
This constraint ensures that all the rules are used more than once in the right sides of all the productions of the grammar, i.e., if a rule occurs just once, it should be removed from the grammar and its occurrence should be substituted with the symbols from which it is created. For example, in the above example, if one scans the last symbol and applies digram uniqueness for 'Aa', then the grammar will produce: S→BB, A→ab, B→Aa. Now, rule 'A' occurs only once in the grammar in B→Aa. Therefore, A is deleted and finally the grammar becomes
 * S→BB, B→aba.

This constraint helps reduce the number of rules in the grammar.

Method summary
The algorithm works by scanning a sequence of terminal symbols and building a list of all the symbol pairs which it has read. Whenever a second occurrence of a pair is discovered, the two occurrences are replaced in the sequence by an invented nonterminal symbol, the list of symbol pairs is adjusted to match the new sequence, and scanning continues. If a pair's nonterminal symbol is used only in the just created symbol's definition, the used symbol is replaced by its definition and the symbol is removed from the defined nonterminal symbols. Once the scanning has been completed, the transformed sequence can be interpreted as the top-level rule in a grammar for the original sequence. The rule definitions for the nonterminal symbols which it contains can be found in the list of symbol pairs. Those rule definitions may themselves contain additional nonterminal symbols whose rule definitions can also be read from elsewhere in the list of symbol pairs.

title: Sequitur algorithm


text:
User talk:Nanonano~enwiki

How to solve problem 4a in statistical mathemetics (basic course):

P(T=k)=(1-P)^(k-1)*P,P=0.38 1-P(T=k)=1-(1-P)^(k-1)*P,P=0.38

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title: User talk:Nanonano~enwiki


text:
Limerick F.C.

Limerick Football Club (Club Peile Luimnigh) was an association football club based in Limerick, Ireland who played in the League of Ireland and currently have teams competing in the underage National League of Ireland.

The first Limerick Football Club was founded in 1937 and has had a number of guises through its history, known at different times as Limerick, Limerick United, Limerick City and Limerick 37. Each manifestation of the club has been the sole representative of senior football in Limerick city since 1937.

Limerick won the League of Ireland title twice, in the 1959–60 and 1979–80 seasons, and the FAI Cup twice, in 1971 and 1982. They also won the League of Ireland Cup three times, 1975–76, 1992–93 and 2001–02. The club competed in European competitions on six occasions.

Foundation and early years
Limerick got its first taste of senior soccer in the early 1930s when the Limerick District Management Committee (LDMC) arranged a number of friendly matches between senior clubs such as Waterford United and Bray and a local junior selection. The success of these fixtures prompted the LDMC to form a senior side and attempt to gain entry to the Free State League. Their application was accepted in June 1937 and a Limerick senior team replaced Dolphin who had withdrawn from the league. On 19 July 1937, a new, private company, Limerick Association Football and Sports Co. Ltd, was registered.

On 22 August 1937, Limerick played its first match. It was against Shamrock Rovers in the Dublin City Cup, a prominent competition that ran from the 1930s to the 1970s, and won 1–0. They ended the 1937–38 season in 10th place out of 12 teams, but managed to capture their first trophy when they beat Cork United 1–0 in the replayed final of the Munster Senior Cup at the Markets Field. During those early seasons, Limerick lined out in red-and-white striped jerseys and white shorts. When Waterford resigned from the league in 1941, the club purchased their blue jerseys and would wear blue and white for the next 40 years.

The 1940s saw Limerick make some big improvements on the playing field and they were twice runners-up in the League of Ireland (1943–44 and 1944–45), were beaten in two FAI Cup semi-finals (1942–43 and 1946–47) and were runners-up in the League of Ireland Shield in 1945–46. The latter was the forerunner of the League Cup, the third most important competition after the League and the FAI Cup. They won the Munster Senior Cup again in 1948–49. It was not until the 1950s that Limerick captured their first national title when they won the Shield in 1953. They added to this when they captured the Dublin City Cup in 1958–59, beating Drumcondra in the final.

League of Ireland champions and FAI Cup winners
Limerick captured their first League of Ireland championship in the 1959–60 season under the management of Limerick man Sonny Price, who had played for Limerick, Waterford and Glentoran. Although they lost their last match 3–2 to St. Patrick's Athletic on Sunday, 17 April 1960, they still managed to win the league by two points from Cork Celtic. Unlike other years, when the majority of the sides were local, this team had a nucleus of Dublin-based players who supplied six to the panel, with five from Limerick, two from Cork and the remainder from junior circles.

The Limerick board decided they wanted to develop an all-local team and so they brought in Ewan Fenton, then aged 29, from Wrexham to implement their plan, starting for the 1960–61 season. He was an immediate hit with staff, players and fans and his quiet and undemonstrative personality ensured he became very popular. He also helped build on the success that Sonny Price had gained with the team and introduced a great number of talented local players to League of Ireland football.

Limerick lost FAI Cup finals in 1965 and again in 1966 to Shamrock Rovers before they finally captured the title in 1971, beating Drogheda United 3–0 in a replay. That team included Andy McEvoy, Richie Hall, Kevin Fitzpatrick, Al Finucane, Dave Barrett, Sean Byrnes, Tony Meaney, Joe O’Mahony, Hughie Hamilton and Paddy Shortt. Fenton also advanced the careers of other notable Limerick players such as Dessie McNamara, Gerry McCarthy, Mick Doyle, Dick O’Connor, Johnny Walsh, Pat Nolan and Ger Duggan. Limerick had captured a further two Dublin City Cups under Fenton, in 1967 and 1970.

Ewan Fenton left Limerick in 1967 to talk up the managerial position with Linfield, and enjoyed considerable success with that club, winning seven titles in three years. The early 1970s saw some turbulent financial times for Limerick coupled with diminishing fortunes on the field. Fenton returned as manager for the 1975–76 season and introduced a number of young players, without much success in the league, but won the League Cup that season, beating Sligo Rovers 4–0 in the final. Frankie Johnson took over as manager for the 1976–77 season and Limerick were beaten 2–0 by Dundalk in the FAI Cup Final, but this was again coupled with a poor league performance.

Eoin Hand arrived as player-manager from Portsmouth for the 1979–80 season and guided the club to its second League of Ireland Championship. Tony Meaney scored a penalty in the ultimate game, a 1–1 draw against Athlone Town, to finish one point ahead of Dundalk. Hand was still in charge when Limerick won the FAI Cup again in 1982, defeating Bohemians in the final at Dalymount Park. This marked Kevin Fitzpatrick's final game in goal after 22 seasons.

Limerick City
The club had changed its name to Limerick United in 1977 and won a League of Ireland championship and FAI Cup under this name. Affairs at the club began to deteriorate after the FAI Cup win in 1982 and the beginning of the 1983–84 season saw High Court action with a battle for ownership of the Limerick senior soccer club. Soccer in the city was suspended for eight weeks pending a decision, which went in favour of Pat Grace, who had the Irish franchise for Kentucky Fried Chicken. Grace changed the name of the club to Limerick City and also changed the colours from blue and white to yellow and green. Limerick City won the revived League of Ireland Shield and the Munster Senior Cup in its first season. The Shield was won in the last game played at the Markets Field on 22 April 1984. They moved out of the Market's Field to a new home in Rathbane for the start of the 1984–85 season. This move proved ultimately to be unpopular with the fans and heralded a decline in the club's fortunes. The 1985–86 season saw the League of Ireland being divided into two divisions for the first time – the Premier Division and First Division, with Limerick in the Premier Division.

Billy Hamilton was brought in as player manager in 1987. Hamilton had enjoyed considerable success as a player at Burnley and Oxford United and played in two World Cup finals with Northern Ireland. He stayed at Limerick for two seasons, guiding the club to a third-place finish in the League in his second season in charge. However, the only trophy won during that period was the Munster Senior Cup in 1988. He resigned in September 1989 and Pat Grace followed soon after. The club changed its name back to Limerick FC, the colours back to blue and white and Fr Joe Young became the new chairman.

1990 to 2005
Limerick were relegated for the first time in 1990–91, a year which also saw them lose a League Cup Final to Derry City. Sam Allardyce was appointed as player manager for the 1991–92 season and immediately brought the club back to the top flight. Allardyce only remained for one season, scoring three times in 23 appearances, before departing to take up a coaching role at Preston North End. Limerick finished a respectable sixth in the Premier Division the following season and also won the League Cup, beating St Patrick's Athletic in the final. Relegation was to follow the next season and a long period of mediocrity and disappointment was to follow.

Financial problems plagued the club and they had to rely on the goodwill of a local junior side, Pike Rovers, for a home ground for the 2000–01 season. Fr Joe Young departed as chairman and the new chairman, Danny Drew, took the club back to Rathbane in an attempt to revive their fortunes. The 2001–02 season saw another League Cup victory, this time over Derry City in the final, but no improvement in the league followed over the coming seasons.

Limerick 37
The necessity for a new League of Ireland franchise in Limerick first became apparent in December 2006, when the FAI Club Licensing Appeal Board rejected Limerick FC's appeal against its prior failure to attain the UEFA licence necessary for admission to the League of Ireland's First Division for the 2007 season.

The FAI's decision effectively disenfranchised the incumbent Limerick FC and its chairman Danny Drew, although the organisation remained receptive to the continued participation of Limerick within senior football. To this end, FAI chief executive John Delaney openly solicited approaches from other interested parties within the city of Limerick even as he announced the rejection of Limerick FC's appeal: "We want a healthy Limerick based club in the new Eircom League of Ireland and if interested entities seek a licence, we would assess them carefully for their suitability to meet the criteria required to play in the league." On 3 January 2007, the FAI confirmed that its appeal for Limerick-based applicants to the league had garnered interest from a number of parties, one of which identified itself as Soccer Limerick, a consortium purporting to represent the entire spectrum of Limerick football, from schoolboy to Junior (amateur) level, and operating under the auspices of the Limerick Sports Partnership.

Eight days later, Soccer Limerick confirmed that its constituent committees had approved the submission of a formal application for a UEFA club licence, with a view to gaining entry to the First Division of the National League for the 2007 season, with a team called Limerick 37, named after the year that the original club was founded. Soccer Limerick spokesman Ger Finnan confirmed that Limerick 37 planned to stage home fixtures at Jackman Park, headquarters of the LDMC, and would announce the appointment of a first-team manager on Monday 15 January 2007. Paul McGee was subsequently appointed manager of Limerick 37, and signed 11 players before the start of the season.

With McGee's results and style of play not going down well with the home fans, the club opted to replace him with former player and manager Mike Kerley, who brought about mid-table respectability, as well as an end of season run which saw Limerick end Waterford's promotion hopes with a 5–1 win in Limerick, a 1–0 away defeat of eventual division winners Dundalk and a 1–1 draw away to Shelbourne, with Colin Scanlan's late equaliser denying Shelbourne the title and promotion in the 2008 season.

However, just weeks before the start of the 2009 season, Kerley and the club unexpectedly parted ways, and following a brief and unsuccessful stop-gap solution of a three-man management team, Limerick moved to appoint Pat Scully.

Limerick F.C.
The name of the club was changed back to Limerick F.C. for the start of the 2009 season. By mid-2009, the club was in serious financial difficulty. A Limerick businessman, Pat O'Sullivan, made a significant donation to the club that July. He joined the board as chairman in August 2009 and became the owner in February 2010. Among his stated objectives were to stabilise the finances of the club and to build strong community links such as community based club programmes and youth development programmes.

Under manager Pat Scully, Limerick finally ended their long stay in the First Division, winning promotion to the Premier Division at the end of the 2012 season. Scully left the club at the end of the season and Stuart Taylor was brought in as manager. With a number of signings from both the UK and Europe, Limerick enjoyed a comfortable first season back in the Premier Division. The following season, however, Taylor was fired due to the club's poor form, and Martin Russell was appointed as his replacement. Russell steadied the ship and the club avoided relegation in 2014. However, in 2015, the club were relegated. A terrible start to the season saw Limerick stranded at the bottom after failing to win any of the first 21 games, and despite an incredible run of form which saw Limerick avoid automatic relegation, they were demoted after losing 2–1 on aggregate to Finn Harps in a playoff.

The following season, with a squad of full-time professionals in a division of part-time teams, was little more than a procession for Limerick as they cruised to the 2016 First Division title. They won their first 12 games to open up a huge points lead and only lost one match all season, winning the division with 6 games to spare. They also beat two Premier Division teams along the way to a place in the final of the League Cup, but lost 4–1 to St Patrick's Athletic.

After a poor start to the 2017 Premier Division, Martin Russell left his position and was temporarily replaced by Willie Boland, who had been manager of underage teams. Limerick secured a permanent replacement with the appointment of Neil McDonald, and the club finished the season in 7th place, as well as advancing to the FAI Cup semi-final for the first time in many years. In January, McDonald left the club in January 2018 to take up a position at Scunthorpe United and was replaced by Tommy Barrett, while Pat O'Sullivan announced his intention to sell his stake in the club.

Treaty United
In December 2019, Limerick FC were on the verge of extinction after the examinership process to try to keep their trading company afloat ended unsuccessfully. The club had debts of approximately €490,000 and did not receive a League of Ireland licence for the 2020 season. A new entity, named Limerick United, were granted a League of Ireland First Division license in January 2020. However, they were forced to change the name to Treaty United before the season started. In February 2020, Treaty United withdrew applications to join the League of Ireland underage structures for the 2020 season. Treaty entered the league for the first time ahead of the 2021 League of Ireland First Division season.

Stadiums
Limerick FC has used a number of venues around the city as their home ground over the years, including Markets Field in Garryowen, Jackman Park on Carey's Road, Hogan Park in Rathbane, Thomond Park and Pike Rovers ground at Crossagalla. The Markets Field has always been considered to be the spiritual home of football in the city as the club enjoyed considerable success at the venue and moving from there to Hogan Park heralded a serious decline in the club's fortunes. Up until 2012, and Limerick progress into the Premier Division the club was using Jackman Park, which belongs to the Limerick District League (LDMC), for home games. It has a training base at Knocklisheen, on the north side of the city. For the beginning of the new 2013 season, it was announced that Thomond Park would play host to Limerick FC's home games for the coming seasons with some sources estimating it would be 2015 before Limerick would get to return to the Markets Field

In March 2011 it was announced that the Markets Field had been purchased by the Limerick Enterprise Development Partnership (LEDP) with a charitable donation from the JP McManus Charitable Foundation, with a view towards Limerick FC returning to the venue sometime during 2012. The club has plans to develop the site into an 8,000 capacity, all-seated stadium. On promotion to the Airtricity League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2013 Season, Limerick moved to 26,500 capacity stadium Thomond Park for their home games. The club returned to the Markets Field on Friday 5 June 2015 for the first time in 31 years, losing 1–2 to Drogheda United in the League of Ireland Premier Division.

European record
Limerick appeared in European competitions on six occasions in its history. In 12 matches they scored seven goals and while the club never won a European game, it drew twice. One of those draws was achieved at The Dell against a Southampton team that included former European Footballer of the Year Kevin Keegan and Mick Channon. In the home fixture famous rugby international Tony Ward gave Yugoslav international defender Ivan Golac a roasting.

Limerick first competed in 1960 in the European Cup against Young Boys, but suffered their heaviest aggregate defeat. Limerick moved their 1965 Cup Winners' Cup home leg to Dalymount Park – one of only two 'home' games played outside of Limerick. Pat Nolan is the only player ever to have scored for Limerick in Limerick in a European game.

The most famous European game was the 'home' match against Real Madrid in the European Cup in 1980. Because of concerns over crowd control at both The Markets Field and Thomond Park, the match was played at Lansdowne Road in Dublin. Although a crowd of up to 30,000 was expected, Dublin football fans stayed away en masse and only 6,500 people saw a Limerick team, under Eoin Hand, almost beat the aristocrats of European football. A number of controversial refereeing decisions, including a disallowed Johnny Matthews goal and a dubious penalty award, went against Limerick and they were beaten by 2–1. Des Kennedy scored twice in the tie, one at home and one in the 5–1 away defeat, in front of a crowd of 60,000 in Madrid.

Honours

 * League of Ireland: 2
 * 1959–60, 1979–80
 * FAI Cup: 2
 * 1970–71, 1981–82
 * League of Ireland Cup: 3
 * 1975–76, 1992–93, 2001–02
 * League of Ireland First Division: 3
 * 1991–92, 2012, 2016
 * League of Ireland Shield: 2
 * 1953–54, 1983–84
 * Dublin City Cup: 2
 * 1958–59, 1969–70
 * Munster Senior League: 1
 * 1985–86
 * Munster Senior Cup: 13
 * 1937–38, 1948–49, 1953–54, 1958–59, 1962–63, 1976–77,1983–84, 1984–85, 1988–89, 1994–95, 2005–06, 2011–12, 2014–15

Notable former players
This list includes former Limerick FC players who had distinguished careers at both Limerick and other League of Ireland or British clubs, or who gained international honours with their country.

 * 🏴 Sam Allardyce
 * 🏴 Kenny Clements
 * 🏴 Johnny Matthews
 * 🏴 Gary Hulmes
 * Billy Hamilton
 * Tom Aherne
 * Terry Conroy
 * Peter Coyle
 * Tim Cuneen
 * Sean Cusack
 * Eamon Deacy
 * David Minihan
 * Ken DeMange
 * Al Finucane
 * Johnny Gavin
 * Tommy Gaynor
 * Alfie Hale
 * Eoin Hand
 * Willie Hayes
 * Rory Keane
 * Des Kennedy
 * Andy McEvoy
 * Chiedozie Ogbene
 * Turlough O'Connor
 * Davy Walsh
 * Johnny Walsh
 * Tony Ward
 * 🏴 Brian Flynn
 * 🏴 Ally Dawson
 * 🏴 Ewan Fenton
 * 🏴 Willie Stevenson
 * 🇺🇸 Timothy Faulth

Personality of the Year
The Personality of the Year was first presented in 1961 and is the flagship award of the Soccer Writers' Association of Ireland (SWAI).

 * Eoin Hand 1980
 * Al Finucane 1967

Player of the Month
The SWAI Player of the Month Award has been in existence since 1971.

 * Ian Turner – October 2015
 * Vinny Faherty – August 2015
 * Rory Gaffney – August 2014
 * Ken DeMange – December 1992
 * Billy Hamilton – September 1988
 * Tommy Gaynor – March 1985
 * Al Finucane – January 1985
 * Liam Murphy – February 1984
 * Des Kennedy – September 1980
 * Brendan Storan – November 1979
 * Eoin Hand – September 1979
 * John Herrick – April 1977

Notable former managers

 * 🏴 Ewan Fenton (1960–67), (1970–72), (1975–76)
 * Paddy Coad (1967–68)
 * Eoin Hand (1979–83)
 * Billy Hamilton (1987–89)
 * 🏴 Sam Allardyce (1991–92)
 * Paul McGee (1 Feb 2007 – 31 Dec 2007)
 * 🏴 Neil McDonald (2017–2018)

title: Limerick F.C.


text:
Talk:BookCrossing

Edit
My first action on Wikipedia was to edit the History section to reflect the current numbers of Bookcrossers and books. The figures were over two months old! May I suggest that someone checks the Bookcrossing site on a regular basis (say, the first of each month) and updates the numbers. [ -- User:Skyring ]
 * You can suggest that, but the best thing to do would be to update the numbers yourself every-so-often :). By the way, welcome to Wikipedia. You can sign your posts using 4 tildes ( ~ ). —MikeX (talk) 08:00, Dec 16, 2004 (UTC)

Thanks, Mike! I was planning on updating it myself anyway, but just wanted to chuck it in and check in with whoever has been making mods so far. Skyring 11:09, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Hi there. I've made a number of changes to the second half of the article that I hope people approve of. I've added more about inter-BCer communication and books travelling between members as I felt before the emphasis was pretty much on wild releasing, whilst many people get many of their books from other BCers. I've also added a section on the controversy over BC - I thought that might be interesting - and I've added a couple of links that I think are relevant to the bottom of the article. Dupont Circle 21:40, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Drat! Forgot the date! So excited about going over 2 million. Perhaps we could list the Bookcrossing Conventions? There's only been a handful so far. Pete, just back from catching a wild release. Pete 06:08, 18 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Well done on catching a wild release! I'm off to my second covention in July but I'm not sure about listing them here as I think that would take it away from being an encylopedia entry Dupont Circle 06:34, 18 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Two years on, and I still don't think the list of conventions is encyclopaedic, and so have removed the list. However, I have added on the paragraph about contact between members than much of the contact is done without the assistance of bookcrossing.com.  I've also removed the part about similar tracking websites as we now have Category:Internet object tracking Dupont Circle 21:00, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

What is PhotoTag?

General Advice to Editors
If you make any edits to the main article, please also update the date and the member and book totals at the top of the article. I do it when ever I think of it, but the effluxion of time means that the information is generally out of date. Pete 20:51, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Book sources
I added BookCrossing into the Wikipedia special page for ISBN lookup(Book sources). It didn't fit as a library or bookseller, so I made a new section for it under Books available from free resources. I just thought editors here might be interested. --Bookandcoffee 20:08, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Revertions
Excuse me but may I ask why the updates to the statistics were reverted by User:Jtdirl and User:Geni? The stats are correct acoording to the website and is located at the top right corner of http://bookcrossing.com/ So, why the reverts? --Andylkl (talk) 19:10, 22 October 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
Sorry to hear this page is protected as a result of vandalism. Once unprotected, please add this article to Category:Webby Awards winners. Thanks. —RaD Man (talk) 05:55, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Not exactly vandalism I'd say, since none of the edits were actually done in bad faith. I'll be updating the article to the latest stats once it's unprotected. --Andylkl (talk) 07:26, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Looks like it was the person who protected it doing the vandalising! Jtdirl, please put away your ego and leave this article alone! --139.168.157.141 10:27, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Assuming you're Skyring, please try to respect the ArbCom's decision, and please don't keep making any more inflammatory comments to Jtdirl. --Andylkl (talk) 10:37, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

First paragraphs
''"BookCrossing, BC, BCing, or BXing, is defined as the practice of leaving ("releasing") a book in a public place ("the wild") to be picked up and read by others, who then do likewise. The analogy is with the ornithological practice of ringing birds to track their movements.

There are no charges for participation but donations to keep the Web site going can be made..."

First section is fine, but the next paragraph does not fit into this - it has to be rewritten and properly explained. My personal opinion is that on should not mention "the Web site" when this something that actually is not limitted to this single web site (since when did that site "own" BC?). the bookcrossing.com site should be mentioned later, and of course in the history section if that is the site that started it. Get my point? Ehjort 20:52, 17 June 2006 (UTC)
 * The name came from the site. There are no references to BookCrossing prior to the site's establishment. BookCrossing depends on a BCID registration number, and there were no sites offering a database of book IDs for this purpose prior to the establishment of BookCrossing.com --Surgeonsmate 11:46, 20 June 2006 (UTC)
 * So, you say it is impossible to do anything similar to bookcrossing without registrating on that page? but if it is, what is the name of the idea that is hidden behind the "trademark" of Bookcrossing? Is this activity entirely dependent upon the possibility to track the book around the world? The idea/activity is, in the first paragraph, described as "the practice of leaving a book in a public place to be picked up and read by others, who then do the likewise" - you should then rewrite this paragraph, so that it actually says what you are saying. Ehjort 19:28, 20 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Of course you can do something similar. But leaving computer-registered books around for others to find was unknown before BookCrossing.com. The definition comes from the Oxford English Dictionary, which included this some years after the establishment of BookCrossing.com. Don't read too much into the Wikipedia article. --Surgeonsmate 01:34, 21 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your answer. Seems we agree on the topic; but I say a little rewriting is necessary - BCing is not just the practice of leaving books in public places (...) (though it is, according to both me and the dictionary), it is the practice of leaving a book in a public place and registering it on the web site. Ehjort 07:47, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Would you all agree that my own version of the intro is somewhat an improvement? For instance, I made sure to note both the meaning of the term AND its origin in the opening sentence, as well as defining a directly-derived term that was used later in the article, and nixed the list of ways in which the project can be funded by user donations (it made it sound like an advertisement as opposed to a neutral article. Simply mentioning that it gets its funding from a combination of user donations and advertizing is enough, as far as I'm concerned; if someone actually does want to donate to the project, they can always go to the website itself and do so, which if they're honestly wondering what payment methods for donations the website accepts, is what they're probably thinking of to begin with). Runa27 22:42, 16 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I like that, although I think it should be two sentences. Definition of bookcrossing, followed by its derivation. Dupont Circle 16:44, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Consistency?
In the first section, it's claimed that Ron came up with the idea because of currency tracking. However, later in the article it says that PhotoTag is the idea on which it is based. Anyone have any clarification on this issue? Which is correct? Or, if they're both correct to some degree, could it be made more clear? KristinLee 01:39, 24 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I'll tag this article for cleanup or clearification. Also, see the above paragraph ("first paragraph"). Ehjort 15:46, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I tried to get around this issue, I think by saying that Where's George was sometimes said to have inspired it (which is said on the WG article), but I have to admit - PhotoTag does not appear to be notable, as it was a redlink, so I removed it. It's possible the link was wrong, and it's possible that the site is actually notable and just doesn't have an article yet, and it's possible it did inspire BookCrossing. If so, please feel free to revert my changes, but just make sure to clarify (both here and on the Where's George? article) which site really did inspire BookCrossing. In the meantime, if PhotoTag is notable (whether on its own or by proxy due to having inspired the creation of BookCrossing), I suggest somebody create an article on it. :) Runa27 22:46, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... according to the BBC, it seems like it might actually be both!:

 * In 2001, Ron Hornbaker and his wife noticed the popularity of websites such as PhotoTag and Where's George? which track the journeys of various items - in these examples, disposable cameras and American banknotes respectively - as different people use them. It set Ron wondering about what else people might want to track, and he hit upon the idea of some sort of system for tracking who had read a particular book. After establishing that neither the idea of tracking books, nor the name 'bookcrossing', were yet to be found on the Internet, he set about establishing his own website.

 * These two sites are frequently cited specifically in reference to what "inspired" BC, but I have yet to find a source explicitly stating that those two specifically, as opposed to simply "sites such as..." inspired it. Hmm. Runa27 23:16, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * In an email sent to me on June 25th, 2001, Ron wrote: I'd like to thank you for creating Where's George, and thereby contributing to the inspiration for our new book-tracking site, http://BookCrossing.com. We acknowledge that inspiration at http://BookCrossing.com/faqs/ with a link to you. Henryhank 14:20, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Rings, Rays & Boxes
Should rings, rays and boxes come under the 'furthering the BC idea' rather than in the same section as catches and releases? Rings, rays and boxes, to me, don't fall under the dictionary definition of bookcrossing, even though Bookcrossing.com is used to organise them - Dupont Circle 16:42, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

History
Missionary organizations and individuals have for a long time left books (i.e. actual books, not pamphlets or other ephemera) in public places, such as waiting rooms and public transit stations, so that others may read them and pass them on. Is this worth mention as a historical precursor to book crossing? Michael Sidlofsky 19:46, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Jim Hawkins
Perhaps a controversial move, but I've taken out the paragraph about Jim Hawkins' radio show. I'm not convinced it's particularly important in the grand scheme of things. I'm sure the only non-BCers who listen to the show are those in Shropshire, and therefore it's only as important as any other regional media coverage? Dupont Circle 19:24, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

As an ongoing show, it is certainly of regional interest only, but it was the first radio show that had (still has) a regular BC feature, and has spawned numerous BC-related shows and activities on other regional BBC Radios. It certainly helped to make the concept of bookcrossing known to more people in the UK. I haven't heard of any such ongoing activities in other countries. Maybe the info could be included in a more general way (referencing BBC Radio Shropshire as the ones who started it)?--62.225.177.13 07:54, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

 * What text would you suggest? Dupont Circle 18:31, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

Community aspect
I've moved what Skyring wrote recently about the community aspect of Bookcrossing.com into the 'Furthering...' section, and tried to cite the fact that it's a good community by referencing the Webby Awards. I did consider moving the Webby Awards paragraph from this history bit down to this, but I think the awards are too signifcant not to be in the history bit Dupont Circle 19:31, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

Userboxes for Wikipedians
If you are a BookCrosser, you might be interested in the userboxes I've written:

Using the template BookCrossing 02 allows you to give your BookCrossing name and creates an external link directly to your bookshelf. I would rather use Ballycumber for the image, but I could not find one that met Wikipedia's fair use requirements. If you have any suggestions, I'm all eyes. TechBear 17:28, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Have you seen TexasWren's site? Presumably using Ballycumber in release labels is the same as using it in those userboxes? I did make that last bit up though... Lottie (talk) 16:33, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

 * The BookCrossing logo is freely available for non-commercial, non-competitive use. Speaking as a member of the BookCrossing Support Team, I can assure you that there is no problem at all with using it for a userbox. In fact, we'd be delighted! As for TexasWren, I've not only seen her site, but met her a couple of times in Texas, spent a night on her couch last year. She's a darling. --Pete (talk) 20:50, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Good news! Thanks Pete - seems like everyone's heard of TexasWren, she's a bit famous... Lottie (talk) 17:17, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Conventions
I don't agree that this article is the correct place for a list of BookCrossing conventions. The article mentions that conventions happen - to start listing them isn't encyclopedic, in my opinion Dupont Circle (talk) 07:28, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

Furthering the BookCrossing idea section
This section lacks sources that indicate the significance of the particular services mentioned. I made some edits (here) to try and tackle some of the promotion-ish sounding wording and to genericize it a little. But my attention has been drawn to reasonable objection to the exact wording I used. In the absence of independent sources I'm not sure the section should really be included at all (per WP:UNDUE) though I think with niche subjects it's important not to demand inappropriately "official" references. Are there decent review sites that we could quote? And perhaps a more prose like approach would be better. Something that talks about the concepts that enthusiasts have developed rather than specific talking about the specific services. Thoughts? -- SiobhanHansa 18:49, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

 * As the one who raised possible questions about the wording (see here, I agree. The individual spinoffs are not notable but there has to be a way to mention them in aggregate. FWIW on sourcing, I found the following in reliable sources, which should definitely be added:
 * Weekend Australian article which covers the RABCK notion
 * a number of articles on the notion of bookcrossing zones. In fact I think this concept may well be notable from the amount of RS coverage it has received
 * I'm going to look for some sources on the controversies where you noted the fact tags TRAVELLINGCARI My storyTell me yours 19:00, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I've added a couple of sources, but I really think the article needs a drastic overhaul, including change to prose as Siobhan mentioned above. It kind of makes sense to me because I'm familiar with the site but I think John Q. WikiReader would have no idea because there's no true 'about' section and we get bogged into process, which really isn't encyclopedic. I don't have time at the moment to work extensively on this, but I'm happy to help. TRAVELLINGCARI My storyTell me yours 19:19, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

March 2008
I completely re-wrote the article. I removed a lot of unencyclopedic content that's more in line with the site FAQ than an encyclopedia article and essentially violated WP:HOWTO. I sourced a lot but there are a ton more sources if someone wants to dig further. I really think the website funding section should go as well, it's not remotely encyclopedic and rather spammy. Thoughts? TRAVELLINGCARI My storyTell me yours 14:45, 28 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Even as somebody who has added some of the unencylopedic bits, I think you've done an excellent job. I've taken the plunge and removed the website funding section, the link to the Erasmus PC photo of a bookshelf, and the bit about Richard Bach being a notable bookcrosser.  Having looked at his postings on the BC forums, is that enough for us to be sure that it was him?  Is there any interview or article where he talks about BC? Dupont Circle (talk) 19:04, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Agreed, the only RS mention I found is this and I can't access the full text to see what it actually says. Ghits are a mess due to bookshelf listings of his books. It can always be re-added if we find a source. Thanks for sourcing the neighbours claim. Had a feeling it was in there, I just didn't know where. I know there's also mention of Adams because I remember hearing about it when it happened. I think the focus of the article has changed over time and that's why I'm glad editing preserves the history. We may go full circle and end up adding back your material, but I didn't see a role for it now. Thanks for your good words. I intend to come back to this article when I have a bit more time. TRAVELLINGCARI My storyTell me yours 20:40, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

Notable BookCrossers
I have added R J Ellory to the Notable section with a link. I've followed the format already in the entry but I think it would be better if the links next to the names of prominent Bookcrossers were actually reference citations, rather than external direct links.

Also, are there any other famous or well-know BookCrossers out there? 90.221.172.129 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 05:19, 28 May 2010 (UTC).

edit the HISTORY section
The first paragraph of the History section needs updated to reflect the last few years of history.

Most specifically, link #7 is a 2008 news article and the data for which it is a reference is about 2010 membership and book numbers. I left that sentence alone temporarily, but the data and reference no longer fit together.

I added the latest numbers (as of 23 MAR 2012) from the bookcrossing web site, but I can't cut and paste the page info with my current portable device. If another editor wants to quickly do that for me, feel free. Otherwise I'll catch that later.

BobDohse (talk) 18:31, 23 March 2012 (UTC)

Many sites about BookCrossing.com
Looking at this diff, I see an anon saying that there are many other sites about BookCrossing. I'd be interested to know what they are. --Pete (talk) 18:06, 2 December 2013 (UTC)

Launch date
BookCrossing.com was launched on 17 April - or at least that's the date used for many years, especially in setting the date for the first Anniversary Convention(s) in Christchurch and St Louis on 17 April 2004. It was active before then, in March 2001, as seen here. --Pete (talk) 03:42, 31 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:BookCrossing


text:
M-15 (Michigan highway)

M-15 is a north–south state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan. The southern terminus is a junction with US Highway 24 (US 24) just south of Clarkston on the northwestern edge of the Detroit metropolitan area. The trunkline is a recreational route running north and northwest to the Tri-Cities area. The northern terminus is the junction with M-25 on the east side of Bay City. The total length is about 73+2/3 mi between the two regions.

The original M-15 designation was used in the northern half of the state in 1919. This designation was wholly replaced by the US 41 on November 11, 1926. This previous designation contained the section of highway in Marquette County that is home to the first painted highway centerline in the nation. Another section in western Marquette County included the first bridge built by the state of Michigan. Within the next year after M-15 was replaced by US 41, the designation was reused for a new highway routing along the current highway. This current highway was extended northerly to eventually end at Interstate 75 (I-75) in Bay City, before it was scaled back slightly to end in southeast Bay City. A proposed, but unbuilt, extension around the west side of Metro Detroit later became part of the I-275 corridor.

This highway is now a part of the Pure Michigan Byway System, but none of it is located on the National Highway System. A section of the two-lane highway has the local moniker, "Death Alley", where the local sheriff says the highway is poorly designed. The stretch of highway in Genesee County has been the location of 14 traffic fatalities between 2004 and 2009 as reported by The Flint Journal, including that of a 14-year-old local girl.

Route description
M-15 runs through mostly rural agricultural communities of The Thumb connecting the northern edge of Metro Detroit with the Tri-Cities area. It starts at a junction south of the village of Clarkston in northern Oakland County. The highway runs north along Ortonville Road from the intersection with US 24 (Dixie Highway) near Deer and Middle lakes through Clarkston. Continuing through town on Main Street near Parke Lake, it comes to an interchange with I-75 north of the village next to Little Walters Lake. South of Ortonville near Lake Louise and Bald Eagle Lake, M-15 turns northwest between the two lakes. The trunkline becomes State Road at the county line and turns north again near Shinanguag Lake near the Ortonville State Recreation Area outside Goodrich in southeastern Genesee County. South of Davison, M-15 intersects I-69 near the Davison Country Club before running through town. In Otisville, State Road curves around to the west of some small lakes and through town.

State Road turns northwesterly again in Millington in southwestern Tuscola County, heading up to Vassar. In Vassar, M-15 intersects and turns northwest along Huron Avenue, a historical routing of M-24, crossing the Cass River in town. Outside Vassar, Huron Avenue becomes Saginaw Road. In western Tuscola County, M-15 intersects M-46 in the community of Richville. The name of the road changes in Saginaw County to Vassar Road, and the trunkline continues northwesterly through the Blumfield Township communities of Blumfield Corners and Arthur. Arthur is located along the highway between the M-83 and M-81 junctions.

In Bay County, M-15 follows Tuscola Road where it meets the western terminus of M-138 which runs along Munger Road in Munger. As the highway enters Bay City on the southeast side of town, Tuscola Road leaves the farmlands for residential areas of Bay City. The roadway runs northerwesterly near the St. Stanislaus, St. Patrick and Elm Lawn cemeteries, before turning north on Trumbull Street at 10th Street. The highway follows Trumbull Street for five blocks, where the highway designation ends at a four-way intersection with M-25/Center Avenue. Trumbull Street continues north through this residential section of the city.

Original designation
On July 1, 1919, the original routing of M-15 was located in the Upper Peninsula (UP). It ran from the state line along the Menominee River in Menominee, connecting with STH-15 in Wisconsin, running north through the UP to Escanaba, Marquette and Houghton. Between Powers and Escanaba, M-15 ran concurrently with M-12. The northern terminus of the highway was at Fort Wilkins in Copper Harbor. The first highway centerline in the nation was painted along a section of the highway in 1917, along the Marquette–Negaunee Road, now a part of Marquette County Road 492.

The Peshekee River Bridge, carried M-15 over the Peshekee River in western Marquette County's Michigamme Township. The bridge was built in 1914 in response to the 1913 State Trunk Line Act passed by the Michigan Legislature. This act designated a state trunkline highway network of nearly 3000 mi. The act further said that the Michigan State Highway Department would design, build and maintain trunkline bridges spanning 30 ft or more so long as the local governments improved an adjacent 3 mi of roads. Marquette County built a mainline road from Marquette west to Michigamme near the county line, this road generally followed what is now known as County Road 492 (CR 492). About 5 mi west of Marquette on CR 492 is a historical marker at the site of the first center line painted in 1917 along Dead Man's Curve. M-15 continued through Morgan Meadows and crossing the Carp River into the town of Negaunee and connecting with Ishpeming. This road in now known as East Division or "County Road" also former Business M-28. West of Ishpeming in Ishpeming Township, M-15 followed Randal Drive and Westward to North Lake Junction. M-15 made its way along what is now CR 496 and several abandoned sections through Clarksburg and Humboldt Locations and the village of Champion. West of Champion M-15 continued to Michigamme crossing the Peshekee River, Marquette County improved a 3 mi section in 1913 to encourage the state to build the bridge. The bridge was designed by C.V. Dewart for the department and built by the local firm of Powell and Mitchell in Marquette. The bridge was designated Trunk Line Bridge No. 1 as the first state-built bridge on the trunkline highway system.

The 1925 draft plan for the establishment of the US Highway System would have replaced M-15 with three different US Highways. Between Menominee and Powers, M-15 was to be replaced by US 41. East of Powers to Rapid River, the trunkline would have been US 2. The next segment between Rapid River and Humboldt was planned as US 102 while the remainder north to Copper Harbor was not numbered as a US Highway. When the system was announced on November 11, 1926, US 41 was the only US Highway routed along the alignment of M-15. The original map showed US 41 following an unbuilt alignment between Powers and Marquette, but the US 41 designation was instead routed to follow the former M-15.

Current designation
The current routing of M-15 was designated after 1926. The southern end was located at US 10 in Clarkston running north to M-38 and M-24 in Vassar. By the end of 1936, M-15 was extended concurrently along M-24 from Vassar into Bay City. By June 1942, the M-24 concurrency was removed as M-24 was realigned to replace M-85 between Vassar and Caro. By July 1, 1960, the northern end was extended to run concurrently with M-25 and BUS US 23 to US 23 on the west side of Bay City. This M-15/M-25 routing was extended again in the next year to end at the new I-75/US 10/US 23 freeway. These two northerly extensions were both reversed and scaled back in 1970. M-15's northern end is moved back to M-25/Center Avenue in Bay City, its current location. At some time after the 1993 beginning of the program, M-15 was named the "Pathway to Family Fun" Recreational Heritage Route in what is now the Pure Michigan Byway System. Running roughly parallel to I-75, the route has not been added to the National Highway System, a system of roadways considered important to the nation's economy, defense and mobility.

The state highway map in 1933 showed a proposed southern extension from Clarkston through southern Oakland County, Wayne County into Monroe County. This proposed highway would have bypassed Metro Detroit to the west through Farmington, Northville, Plymouth and Belleville. The full highway was never built, and M-15 was never extended south of Clarkston, but part of this proposal was completed. Much of it later became Haggerty Highway, and part of the I-275 and M-5 corridors.

"Death Alley"
M-15 between the Oakland County line and I-69 has been nicknamed by locals as "Death Alley". On April 17, 2009, The Flint Journal reported that between 2004 and April 2009, 14 people died on the stretch of road in car accidents. When Genesee County Sheriff Robert J. Pickell was asked about the stretch, he said the road suffers from a bad design, including a lack of turn lanes. He was quoted as saying, "It's a death trap". The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) looks at roadways after every fatal crash to determine what improvements could be made. Other local government officials have called for solutions to safety issues on the roadway.

title: M-15 (Michigan highway)


text:
BLA

BLA or bla may refer to:

Organizations

 * British Liberation Army, an historic British Army force in World War II
 * Balochistan Liberation Army, a Baloch militant organization operating to gain independence from Pakistan
 * Bavarian Liberation Army, a purported Austrian militant organization
 * Black Liberation Army, a Black Power revolutionary organization in the United States
 * British Laryngological Association, a professional organization

Education

 * Biblioteca Las Américas, a library in Mercedes, Texas, U.S.
 * Boston Latin Academy, a high school in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.

Transportation

 * General José Antonio Anzoátegui International Airport, Barcelona, Venezuela, by IATA code
 * Blue Air, ICAO airline designator code
 * Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad's reporting mark

Geographical locations

 * Brainerd Lakes Area in Minnesota, U.S.

 * Bla, Ivory Coast, a village in Sassandra-Marahoué District, Ivory Coast
 * Bla, Mali, a town
 * Blå, a jazz club in Oslo, Norway

Other uses

 * Biologics license application, which is submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval
 * Bachelor of Liberal Arts, an undergraduate university degree
 * Basolateral amygdala, a structure in the brain
 * Siksika language ISO 639 language code

title: BLA


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Taxman

Taxman
Vote here (34/0/0) ending 18:13, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC)

While it would have been nice to be patient and wait for someone to notice my efforts, I believe I can be a more positive asset to the community as an administrator, so I thought I would be bold and self nominate. I registered initially in Aug of 2003, then lurked for quite a while getting to know the place, then really started contributing in April of 2004. I have a little over 2070 edits so far. - Taxman 18:14, Dec 2, 2004 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) —No-One Jones (m) 18:21, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC
 * 2) I come accross Taxman and his work every so often, and this guy has left a good impression on me. A courteous and diligent worker who is a real asset to Wikipedia. J OHN C OLLISON [ Ludraman] 18:28, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Support, but please make sure vandal hunting doesn't take too much of your time, I like your ideas on referencing and peer review much better. :-) [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 20:46, Dec 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Yes. --Lst27 ( t a l k )  21:21, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Certaintly. BLANKFAZE  | (что??) 21:32, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) I thought he was an admin, actually. Seems like a good guy. Andre ( talk )A| 02:10, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) Michael Snow 03:25, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) I've seen so much good from Taxman. I had no idea he isn't an admin!   →Iñgólemo←   (talk)  03:58, 2004 Dec 3 (UTC)
 * 9) Taxman's work on Sealand was a model. Wholeheartedly support.Dr Zen 05:07, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Tuf-Kat 05:48, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * 11) Cribcage 06:43, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 12) Strong Support. We may not always agree, but he's made some fine contributions. He's also a man of principle. GeneralPatton 06:54, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 13) Lupo 08:46, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 14) Yet another case where I am utterly surprised as to the candidate's real user level status. Strong support. Johnleemk | Talk 17:28, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 15) Sure. Everyking 22:10, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 16) Support. - RedWordSmith 19:41, Dec 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * 17) Sarge Baldy 21:59, Dec 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * 18) One taxman I wouldn't mind paying. :P -- Grunt 🇪🇺 23:43, 2004 Dec 4 (UTC)
 * * Smashes vase against wall*. Please, Grunt, everyone likes to have a wittiscism contest at RFA time, but don't lower yourself to the level of the mob... :-P J OHN C OLLISON [ Ludraman] 00:50, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) NOT AN ADMIN? WHAT? ;) [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality/talk]] 00:53, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) Slowking Man 03:06, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Support. Proteus (Talk) 19:42, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Should've nominated him myself. Ambi 04:12, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) 172 08:47, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Support. Not aware of trouble, and meets my standards.  —Lowellian (talk)   09:04, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) Support. PedanticallySpeaking 16:56, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. Axl 19:55, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 9) Support. Taxman is very taxing on Featured article candidates, but I think that's a good thing :) -- Chris 73 Talk 02:55, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Fire Star 06:31, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 11) Support. An invaluable asset to the WP.  -Sean Curtin 05:06, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * 12) Support. utcursch 12:21, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * 13) Support. Never really noticed you before, but after lookingthrough your contributions I see I should have. This is a good example of why we maybe need some mechanism for 'automatically noticing' good editors long overdue for adminship.  Thanks for noticing yourself and being bold enough to self-nominate.  Surprised that you aren't listed as a member at factcheck.  Your unreferenced FAs list interests me, how was it compiled? - User:Pedant
 * It was done by hand. I clicked through every one and saw if it had a references or similar section and noted my results.  Some are listed with no references but have inline citations, that will have to be considered too. As to factcheck, I had thought I had listed myself there initially. Not sure why I am not there now. - Taxman 16:47, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) Support. A good user, worthy of adminship despite his username giving me nightmares. ;) Arminius 06:31, 9 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) You have my vote :-) [[User:Squash|Squash (Talk)]] 07:37, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Support. ffirehorse 01:30, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Oppose

Neutral

Comments
 * Thanks all for the kind words and support. Some of you I guess I wasn't even aware knew much about me. - Taxman 06:03, Dec 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Taxman is really doing some good work making much-needed quality controls of articles over at the FAC. GeneralPatton 03:18, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. Primarily more vandalism fixing. I have a couple hundred pages on my watchlist that I often find myself reverting the hard way for obvious vandalism.  But I would also entertain helping maintain protected pages and deleting pages when necessary.
 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I tend to spread my edits around a lot, but I am proud of biodiesel and will soon whip it into shape for a FAC. I have also started a lot of articles in the finance and economics arena. I have been very active in the featured article candidate process, and would like to think my observations have led to significantly better articles. I also more or less maintain archiving the Peer Review page and plan to do more as an admin and with consensus of others.  Finally I am on a mission to help improve the status of references in featured articles and eventually promote it for all articles.  For that aim, I compiled a list of all FA's without references and will now work to help direct the effort to fix that important issue.
 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and will deal with it in the future?
 * A. Certainly nothing where any tempers got out of hand (not on my end at least :). I spent a lot of ink trying to get the two polar opposite sides in the Sealand dispute to reach an NPOV middle ground and had some success.  I am also in respectful disagreement over whether FA's without references are fair game to nominate at WP:FARC

title: Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Taxman


text: User talk:216.142.104.194

title: User talk:216.142.104.194


text:
IndieBound

IndieBound is a marketing movement for independent bookstores launched in 2008 by the American Booksellers Association. With resources targeted for "indie" booksellers, it promotes fiscal localism. IndieBound's curated reading lists include the Indie Next List (indie recommendations from around the country) and the Indie Bestseller List (bestsellers lists based on indie store sales).

Launch
IndieBound was launched in June 2008 to replace a prior marketing program for independents called Book Sense. Independent bookstores sell online through their own e-commerce sites, many using the ABA IndieCommerce platform. IndieBound.org is store referral site for customers searching for an independent bookstore.

Following its launch, the US scheme was expanded to the UK, New Zealand and Australia. However, as of 2015 the Australian version appears to be in abeyance, as despite still having a Twitter account, the linked website is unrelated and the Australian Booksellers Association website makes no mention of it.

Indie Bestseller Lists
The Indie Bestseller Lists show the top selling titles in independent bookstores nationwide.

Indie Bestseller Lists are published weekly for hardcover fiction, hardcover nonfiction, trade paperback fiction, trade paperback nonfiction, mass market paperback, "children's interest," children's illustrated, and children's fiction series. Category lists, which focus on a particular genre, are published less frequently. The Indie Bestseller Lists are released by IndieBound as XML feeds.

Indie Next Lists
Before a major new book is published, the publisher will often send out advance reading copies (ARCs, or uncorrected proofs) to booksellers to generate interest in the book. Owners and employees of ABA member stores review these ARCs, along with brand-new books when they are released, and nominate their favorites as an Indie Next List great read. The American Booksellers Association handles nominations and voting, and releases monthly lists of what member stores have selected. There are special pick lists from time to time.

Indies Choice Book Awards
Each year, owners and employees of ABA stores have the opportunity to vote for the Indies Choice Book Awards, which is issued in four categories. The winning authors are honored at a banquet at BookExpo America.

title: IndieBound