text:
User talk:Markaci/20041213-20050815

Welcome
Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

IRC
[14:08:51] * Connect retry #14 irc.intelliinternet.com (6667)

[14:08:51] * Unable to resolve server --BesigedB (talk) 14:09, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * This issue was solved later that day. I'm adding this comment for the benefit of others. The correct address of the IRC server is irc.inteliinternet.com, 6667 for normal/6697 for SSL. —Markacitalktribs 00:14, 2005 Jan 30 (UTC)

Polar cap
You added a redirect to Geographical pole. Wouldn't Polar ice cap be a better redirect? Markaci 04:07, 2005 Jan 24 (UTC)
 * True. I'll change it -- Chris 73 Talk 04:07, Jan 24, 2005 (UTC)

Proxy tests
Frank, can you explain me what are you doing in User:Fvw/proxytest? I'm always RC patrolling and always see anon IPs (surely you) editing that page. I'm curious! --Neigel von Teighen 17:57, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm wondering too. It's a little heavier than usual this evening, and in User:Fvw/proxytest2. O_o —Mar·ka·ci: 2005-02-3 05:41 Z
 * For the full story, see Wikipedia talk:Bots. The short version is I'm scanning for open proxies which I then block, to stem the anonymous proxy vandalism. I don't think I'll get all of them, but I think blocking the majority will slow down certain vandals, and also pretty much stop vandalbots like Wik's. --fvw *  17:38, 2005 Feb 3 (UTC)

Thank you
For your support in regards to the Letter writing page and again, I'm sorry that I yelled at you. I should've been more careful. Mike

GFR
Hi. I appreciate your actions to make Wikipedia links proper. However, using the "Move" tab is preferred if you believe an article is at the wrong name, as it preserves the history (technically a GFLD requirement), rather than a cut & paste move. I have cleaned up after GFR, but hopefully you will use the Move tab if you find such cases in the future. Niteowlneils 13:38, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * GRC/GRC (disambiguation) you mean? Ya, I'll remember that next time. I'm sleep deprived so some things can get muddled. ^_^ —Mar·ka·ci: 2005-02-5 13:45 Z

Sathya Sai Baba
Won't work. The user is on dial up with a pretty big IP range I'm not sure I've ever seen them use the same IP. I did leave a lot fo messgaes on talk pages at one point but I don't bother any more. I am tempted to do a 1 hour IP range block at the appropriate time at some point but I doubt if it would have any long term effect.Geni 14:10, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

VfD listings
Hi, I closed and processed (deleted) the one in Arabic; clear consensus to delete. The other one, a lot of people want it moved to the Nahuatl Wiki. It's listed in the "Transwiki" section of VfD/Old, so I left if there for someone who understand the Transwiki process better to deal with it. Noel (talk) 13:54, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

VfD for Bonnie Dunbar
Leaving the VfD tag on Bonnie Dunbar was an oversight on my part. I had intended to do a VfD because the page was a resume not an article but I decided to rewrite it at a future time since there is no reason to delete the page. I accidentally left the tag on the page. I'll remove it forthwith. GabrielF 18:19, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

6174 (number)
Thanx for your changes at this page. You had changed 'not all digits same' to 'unique digits'. But unique digits in the chosen number are not essential. You can even start with 9991 and you would still end at 6174. So I have reverted it back to 'not all digits same'. Gaurav1146 06:47, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Ah, okay. I misunderstood the statement. —Mar·ka·ci: 2005-02-20 11:43 Z

Censorship
Adding a template is no censorship, only an alert to the content below. Nothing was removed. --J heisenberg 12:03, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Scott Tournament of Hearts
Guess where I was to watch the game? The Ottawa Curling Club. You can just imagine the atmosphere there! As a member (can you tell from my edits?), I was cheering for Hanna, but Jones did what she had to do, and her experience will pay off at the worlds. There's always next year! Earl Andrew 02:19, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Million pool
Oops, you're right. I'll delete my 31 July 2006 entry as it is your birthday. Good luck, hydnjo talk 04:07, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Mudgik
Heya,

thanks for helping out on the vandalism at Mudgik

Yeago 11:07, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * No problem. I noticed it was getting repeatedly vandalized, so I put it on my watchlist. ^_^; —Markaci 2005-03-14 T 11:20 Z

Star Wars on Vfd
You appear to want to keep all those articles dealing with various facets of the Star Wars universe. Care to explain your feelings on the matter in greater detail, as I may have a job for you. -- Riffsyphon1024 17:34, Mar 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not a fan or anything like that. I just think the articles are worth keeping on Wikipedia. I don't know how to explain it in more detail 'cause it's just that simple. —Markaci 2005-03-14 T 19:33 Z

Deadend pages
Thank you for compacting the TOC on Deadend pages. It is one of those simple changes that makes a big difference. --Theo (Talk) 11:15, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * You're welcome. =) —Markaci 2005-03-15 T 11:22 Z

Vfd
Hi, while I agree with you that GRider is not following the rules for vfd nominations, could you please stop spamming the vfd page and take it up with him on his talk page, or go through some other official channel to address his behaviour. Vfd is so huge, your non-votes aren't helping with load times for people on dial up. Thanks--nixie 23:17, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * My bad. I'll use other ways of getting through to him. Thanks for letting me know. Also in case you didn't know about it, you can view VfD per each day, e.g., Votes for deletion/Log/2005 March 15. —Markaci 2005-03-15 T 23:23 Z

Links in List of Sex Positions are spam, dude take a look
Here's an example of one: http://www.great-sexual-positions.com/index.html Specialfriedrice They should be removed 06:24, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Uhh, if you click on the "Click here" link, you'd see some very informative text and photos. Do you have some problem with sexuality? —Markaci 2005-03-18 T 06:30 Z

All I see are ads. Commercial porn site links such as those have no place in the index. Specialfriedrice 06:35, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Look at these: Man on top, Woman on top, and Rear entry. These are very informative. You're focusing too much on ads. A website needs advertisements to pay for bandwidth and stuff. And you didn't answer my question: Do you have some problem with sexuality? —Markaci 2005-03-18 T 06:40 Z

The entire purpose of that site is to sell products. NONE of the information on that site is different or better than what is in the wikipedia index. It is a commercial spam link and should be removed. I have removed these spam links again. Are you the owner of that site? Please stop vandalizing that page. Specialfriedrice 06:50, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Open up your eyes (and mind) to the information. And you're quick to assume I own that website. Just because I support something doesn't mean I'm directly related with it. —Markaci 2005-03-18 T 06:55 Z

"Official Bukkake" link
I see that you reinstated the controversial external link in the bukkake article.

I have had conversations with the anon user who originally added the link, who admits (or claims) that he is the owner of the "official bukkake" site. The reason why this link keeps on getting deleted is not prudishness, but the principle that site owners should not add links to their own sites in articles: Wikipedia is neither a free Web directory, nor an advertising medium. If we allow links such as this one, the link spammers will use this as a precedent for over-running Wikipedia with links to their own sites. Let's see if we can find a better external reference, and use that instead. -- The Anome 10:10, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh okay, understood. Thanks for explaining the situation. —Markaci 2005-03-18 T 10:13 Z

GRider
Thanks for confirming Requests for comment/GRider. However, I have had to change the RFC. Please reevaluate if you still certify it. Jordi·✆ 00:40, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I still certify it. I put it on my watchlist so I'll notice any future changes. Thanks. —Markaci 2005-03-19 T 00:47 Z

Your signature
Signatures using templates are an unnecessary load on the servers. Please switch to a plain one. See WP: ~ near the bottom. r3m0t talk 15:11, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm reluctantly changing back to an inline sig. —Markaci 2005-03-20 T 07:49 Z

VfD
Trust you to ruin the indecisive responses to User:GRider's VfDs ;-) Chris 03:22, 22 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I didn't get the memo! :P It's an interesting idea to make indecisive responses, but I think "keep by default" should be explicitly stated by at least someone. Might as well be me. —Markaci 2005-03-22 T 03:31 Z

GRider
Regarding GRider's 'Socratic' VfD nominations and the ensuing reactions by voters, please read and comment on Requests for comment/GRider2. Thanks. Radiant_* 10:26, Mar 22, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for reverting the vandalism to my user page. Wish I knew what was pissing that guy off so much... — Knowledge Seeker দ 03:01, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * No problem. I saw him vandalize another page, went to look at his contributions, and started reverting. I was only fast enough with the revert of your page, though. ^_^ User:JeremyA got the others. —Markaci 2005-03-30 T 03:13 Z

Sathya Sai Baba
FYI, I've put in a request for [Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|page protection]] for Sathya Sai Baba.The deleting editor apparently uses a different IP address each time, so a 3RR time-out won't work. I've left messages on the talk page and some of the user pages. I don't know of another way to address this situation. Cheers, -Willmcw 02:43, May 6, 2005 (UTC)

Jamey Heath
Mark, why did your restore the dead link to communications director? Are you oplanning to write an article with that name? I had removede it because it is such a vague term that I didn't think anyone would ever write the article. If you're planning to do so, let me know so that I don't remove the deadlinks again. Thanks. Ground Zero 13:15, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Jamey is Jack Layton's communications director. Other parties have their own communications directors (one that I remember, Scott Reid for the Liberals). I don't know exactly what they do, so I'm not going to write an article on it. However, someone who comes by and knows what their job is will write something about it. Note that it is also linked in the intro of the George Stephanopoulos article. —Markaci 2005-06-17 T 14:30 Z

 * I did not remove the "communications director" reference from the article, only the deadlink. It is not just political leaders who have communications directors. Most organizations have them, including my condo corporation board of directors. Hospitals have them; corporations have them... not-for-profit organizations... industry associations. Their job descriptions will vary widely, and may have little in common, so it is unlikely that a coherent article is going to be written. Or, someone might write an article about communications director that has nothing to do with those who work in offices of political leaders. It just seems to me that it is very unlikely ever to link to something useful. That is why I took it out in the first place. Ground Zero 17:43, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Their job descriptions may vary, but they all have something to do with communications and getting something across coherently. If someone creates the article and talks about communications directors in the sense of hospitals, then that's fine. Someone else will come along and add a broader definition. It's still a job, and many people do it. It should have some article describing it, even if it's a broad definition. —Markaci 2005-06-22 T 18:08 Z

Revision3 Studios
Hi. I noticed that you voted to keep the Systm article on Votes_for_deletion/Systm. Well, unfortunately, the article was deleted, and Systm was redirected to Kevin Rose. I recently created a new article for Revision3 Studios, the company that produces System and thebroken, and changed Systm to redirect there. Unfortunately, the Revision3 Studios article has now been nominated for deletion.

So, if you have a chance, please look at the Revision3 Studios article, and then go to Votes for deletion/Revision3 Studios and vote to keep it. Thanks a lot, --taestell 17:00, Jun 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Done. Thanks for the tip. —Markaci 2005-06-22 T 17:55 Z

 * Thanks for the vote. --taestell 19:30, Jun 22, 2005 (UTC)

My image up for deletion
Thanks for letting me know. No problem. Cheers, – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 11:44, July 16, 2005 (UTC)

Double Eagle II
It was not a hot air balloon, it was filled with HELIUM. WikiDon (talk • contribs) 08:46:36, 2005-07-17 (UTC)
 * Ah, my bad. Thanks for clearing that up. —Markaci 2005-07-17 T 09:16:39 Z

Thank you for your participation
You have all been unwitting participants in a peice of performance art entitled "Wikipedia Project: Spring-Summer 2005". All of this has been a big giant peice of art involving several people throughout North America. Thanks for unwittingly playing your roles to a tee. TheSpottedDogsOrganisation 13:02, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * So is this the new username? …Markaci 2005-07-19 T 18:46:31 Z
 * No moron, its one of several used by the performance art group. Spotteddogsdotorg 23:42, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

consensus
The Authentic Matthew VFD has closed. The results were
 * Delete - 21 (58%)
 * Keep - 11 (31%)
 * Merge - 4 (11%)

This was declared to have been no consensus, and therefore a new VFD has been opened at Votes for deletion/Authentic Matthew (consensus).

Would you be prepared to re-add your vote there? ( ! | ? | * ) 09:43, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

Birthday
=) --User:Jenmoa 06:23, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Awww, thank you. :D …Markaci 2005-07-31 T 13:54:39 Z

Wikiproject Years Survey
Hi. To get everybody thinking, I've created a survey about Year pages here. I'm telling all the participants of WikiProject Years and everyone else who has shown an interest in year pages or participated in the discussion. If you could check it out it would be appreciated, and tell anyone you think may be interested. - Trevor macinnis 22:54, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Authentic Matthew the sequel
The POV that was in Authentic Matthew, an article you voted to delete, before it was NPOVed has been re-created at a new article - see Votes for deletion/The Original Gospel of Matthew. ( ! | ? | * ) 20:20, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Your sig
How did you manage the substitution of the time in your signature? I know it uses subst and the various time variables, but when I do that, it doesn't substitute, it just sticks the text in nowiki style. -- BRIAN 0918  14:54, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It's all explained on my User page. And using transclusion/templates in signatures puts more strain on the server than necessary. I've tried doing the time with templates like you want to do (prior MediaWiki 1.5 -- things may have changed), and it just wouldn't work. …Markaci 2005-08-5 T 19:04:11 Z

Help! I tried creating my own at User:Brian0918/monobook.js, but I don't know the proper syntax, so it's not working correctly. My signature button has been replaced with:  -- BRIAN 0918   23:34, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Why did you remove the lyrics to "Mr. Sandman"?
Songs aren't songs without Lyrics, you see?

Why did you remove them? I don't understand, especially if Lyrics are facts of songs.

--Shultz 08:06, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

 * See Lyrics and poetry and Copyrights. The lyrics are most likely copyrighted. …Markaci 2005-08-14 T 18:37:57 Z

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Markaci/20041213-20050815


text:
User talk:Jetru

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

Calligraphy
Hey there. Do you think it's a good idea to merge all the calligraphy articles into one big Calligraphy article? I don't know that much about the topic, but it seems not too bad to me that the east asian and middle eastern calligraphies have their own articles. Also, if you move content like this, please make sure that there will be no double redirects. Here is a link that shows what links to East Asian calligraphy, and what now (after you made it a redirect) should link to Calligraphy. --Conti|✉ 16:23, Apr 25, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jetru


text:
Pity

Pity is a sympathetic sorrow evoked by the suffering of others. The word is comparable to compassion, condolence, or empathy. It derives from the Latin pietas (etymon also of piety). Self-pity is pity directed towards oneself.

Two different kinds of pity can be distinguished, "benevolent pity" and "contemptuous pity". In the latter, through insincere, pejorative usage, pity connotes feelings of superiority, condescension, or contempt.

Psychological opinions
Psychologists see pity arising in early childhood out of the infant's ability to identify with others.

Psychoanalysis sees a more convoluted route to (at least some forms of) adult pity by way of the sublimation of aggression—pity serving as a kind of magic gesture intended to show how leniently one should oneself be treated by one's own conscience.

Religious views
In the West, the religious concept of pity was reinforced after acceptance of Judeo-Christian concepts of God pitying all humanity, as found initially in the Jewish tradition: "Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him". The Hebrew word translated in the Septuagint as  carries the meaning roughly equivalent to pity in the sense of compassion, mercy, and loving-kindness.

In Mahayana Buddhism, Bodhisattvas are described by the Lotus Sutra as those who "hope to win final Nirvana for all beings—for the sake of the many, for their weal and happiness, out of pity for the world".

Philosophical assessments
Aristotle in his Rhetoric argued that before a person can feel pity for another human, the person must first have experienced suffering of a similar type, and the person must also be somewhat distanced or removed from the sufferer. He defines pity as follows: "Let pity, then, be a kind of pain in the case of an apparent destructive or painful harm of one not deserving to encounter it, which one might expect oneself, or one of one's own, to suffer, and this when it seems near". Aristotle also pointed out that "people pity their acquaintances, provided that they are not exceedingly close in kinship; for concerning these they are disposed as they are concerning themselves", arguing further that in order to feel pity, a person must believe that the person who is suffering does not deserve their fate. Developing a traditional Greek view in his work on poetry, Aristotle also defines tragedy as a kind of imitative poetry that provokes pity and fear.

David Hume in his Treatise of Human Nature argued that "pity is concern for... the misery of others without any friendship... to occasion this concern." He continues that pity "is derived from the imagination." When one observes a person in misfortune, the observer initially imagines his sorrow, even though they may not feel the same. While "we blush for the conduct of those, who behave themselves foolishly before us; and that though they show no sense of shame, nor seem in the least conscious of their folly," Hume argues "that he is the more worthy of compassion the less sensible he is of his miserable condition."

Jean-Jacques Rousseau had the following opinion of pity as opposed to love for others: "It is therefore certain that pity is a natural sentiment, which, by moderating in every individual the activity of self-love, contributes to the mutual preservation of the whole species. It is this pity which hurries us without reflection to the assistance of those we see in distress; it is this pity which, in a state of nature, stands for laws, for manners, for virtue, with this advantage, that no one is tempted to disobey her sweet and gentle voice: it is this pity which will always hinder a robust savage from plundering a feeble child, or infirm old man, of the subsistence they have acquired with pain and difficulty, if he has but the least prospect of providing for himself by any other means: it is this pity which, instead of that sublime maxim of argumentative justice, Do to others as you would have others do to you, inspires all men with that other maxim of natural goodness a great deal less perfect, but perhaps more useful, Consult your own happiness with as little prejudice as you can to that of others.'"

Nietzsche pointed out that since all people to some degree value self-esteem and self-worth, pity can negatively affect any situation. Nietzsche considered his own sensitivity to pity a lifelong weakness; and condemned what he called "Schopenhauer's morality of pity... pity negates life".

Medieval conceptions
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote "pite renneth soone in gentil herte" at least ten times in his works, across the Canterbury Tales and the Legend of Good Women. The word "pite" had entered Middle English from Latin "pietas" in seven spellings: "piete", "pietie", "pietye", "pite", "pitie", "pyte", and "pytie". Early Middle English writers did not yet have words such as "sympathy" and "empathy"; and even the word "compassion" is not attested in English until the 14th century. The Mediaeval writer's notion of "pite" was thus somewhat different to the divided ideas of pity and piety in Modern English, which has also since gained connotations of disengagement (the pitier as an observer to and separate from the pitied) and condescension from a superior position.

The many senses of the compound notion are exemplified by how Erasmus' Enchiridion was translated in the 16th century. In the original Latin, talking about the ways of the spirit versus the ways of the flesh, Erasmus says "spiritus pios, caro impios". In translation, the single words in Latin became several phrases in English to encompass the entire range of the original concept, which was by that time bifurcating as the words were bifurcating: "[T]he spiryte maketh us relygyous, obedyent to god, kynde and mercyfull. The flesshe maketh us dispysers of god, disobedyent to god, unkynde and cruell."

Chaucer's line, described by Walter Skeat as being Chaucer's favourite, was understood by Edgar Finley Shannon to be a translation of Ovid's Tristia volume 3, verses 31–32, Shannon describing it as "an admirable translation and adaptation of the passage". A noble mind ("mens generosa" in Ovid, "gentil herte" in Chaucer) is easily moved ("faciles motus capit" in Ovid, "renneth soone" in Chaucer) to kindness ("plababilis irae" in Ovid "pite" in Chaucer). In the Legend, Chaucer describes women in general as "pyëtous".

It wasn't until the 16th century that there was a fully-fledged split between pity and piety. In the 14th century, John Gower was, in contrast, using "pite" in his Confessio Amantis to encompass both concepts, as his Latin glosses to the text reveal, stating that "pite is the foundement of every kinges regiment". Cognates of the word include the Provençal "pietat" and the Spanish "piedad". Like Middle English, Old French took the word from the Latin and gradually split it into "pité" (later "piété") and "pitié". Italian in contrast retained the one word: "pietà", borrowed into English (through French, in the 19th century replacing its older "Vierge de pitié") as a technical concept in the arts: pietà.

Literary examples

 * Juvenal considered pity the noblest aspect of human nature.
 * Mystic poet William Blake was ambivalent about pity, initially casting it in a negative role, before viewing pity as an emotion that can draw beings together. In The Book of Urizen pity begins when Los looks on the body of Urizen bound in chains. However, Pity furthers the fall, "For pity divides the soul", dividing Los and Enitharmon (Enitharmon is named Pity at her birth). Blake maintained that Pity disarmed righteous indignation leading to action; and, railing further against Pity in The Human Abstract, Blake exclaims: "Pity would be no more, / If we did not make somebody Poor" (1–2).
 * J. R. R. Tolkien made pity—that of the hobbits for Gollum—pivotal to the action of The Lord of the Rings: "It was Pity that stayed his hand... the pity of Bilbo may rule the fate of many".
 * Wilfred Owen prefaced his collection of war poetry with the claim that "My subject is War and the pity of War. The Poetry is in the pity" —something C. H. Sisson considered to verge on sentimentality.

title: Pity


text:
Frank Allen

Frank Allen may refer to:
 * Frank Allen (baseball) (1888–1933), baseball player
 * Frank Allen (bassist) (born 1943), English bass guitarist
 * Frank Allen (Australian footballer) (1926–2018), Australian rules footballer
 * Frank Allen (footballer, born 1901) (1901–1989), English footballer
 * Frank Allen (footballer, born 1927) (1927–2014), English footballer
 * Frank Allen (physicist) (1874–1965), Canadian physicist
 * Frank Allen (politician) (1882–1948), Australian politician
 * Frank Augustus Allen (1835–1916), Massachusetts politician
 * Frank D. Allen (1850–1910), American attorney and politician in Massachusetts
 * Frank G. Allen (1874–1950), Governor of Massachusetts
 * Frank Gates Allen (1858–1940), American football player and businessman
 * Frank M. Allen (1923–1999), Pennsylvania politician
 * Bunny Allen (Frank Maurice Allen, 1906–2002), white hunter
 * Frank Shaver Allen (1860–1934), Joliet, Illinois-based architect
 * Frank Allen (chemist) (1944–2014), crystallographer

title: Frank Allen


text:
1956 World Series

The 1956 World Series of Major League Baseball was played between the New York Yankees of the American League and the defending champion Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League in October 1956. The series was a rematch of the 1955 World Series. It was the final Subway Series in the Fall Classic until 44 years later in 2000, as the Dodgers and the New York Giants moved to California following the 1957 season. Additionally, it was the last time a New York City team represented the National League in a World Series until 1969, when the New York Mets defeated the Baltimore Orioles in five games.

The Yankees won the series in seven games, capturing their 17th championship. Brooklyn won Games 1 and 2, but New York pitchers threw five consecutive complete games (Games 3–7) to cap off the comeback. The highlight was Don Larsen's perfect game in Game 5. Larsen was named the Series MVP for his achievement. The Dodgers scored 19 runs in the first two games, but only six in the remaining five games, with just one in the final three games.

This was the last World Series to date not to have scheduled off days (although Game 2 was postponed a day due to rain).

As of March 2020, four original television broadcasts from this series (Game 2 partial, Games 3 and 5 complete, Game 7 partial) had been released on DVD.

Summary
† : postponed from October 4 due to rain

Game 1

Three batters into the game, the Yankees led 2–0 on a Mickey Mantle home run. Brooklyn struck back with a Jackie Robinson homer in the second inning and a three-run Gil Hodges shot in the third, then won behind Sal Maglie's complete game.

Game 2

Neither starting pitcher survived the second inning, Don Newcombe giving up a Yogi Berra grand slam, and Don Larsen giving up four unearned runs. Little-known pitcher Don Bessent worked the final seven innings for the win.

Game 2 set a number of peculiar records in World Series history, which are either matched or comparable with similar World Series records and performances, in limited instances:

 * Game 2 is the first of three World Series games in history in which a grand slam-hitting team failed to win the game. The 1988 Oakland Athletics would produce a grand slam in Game 1, lose that game, and furthermore lose that series. The 2021 Atlanta Braves benefited from a first-inning grand slam in Game 5 but lost the game; the Braves recovered to clinch the series in six games.
 * The number of Yankee runs put up in the game, eight, is the largest number of runs accumulated in a World Series game, by a team which lost the game, yet went on to win the series. This record is shared in common only with Game 3 of 1947, also a Yankee/Dodgers series.
 * The combined run count of both teams in the game, 21, is the largest such combined run count between two teams in any one World Series game, such that the losing team won the series. The complementary record, the largest combined game run count with the game winning team being the series winning team, and the game losing team being the series losing team (and highest combined team run count ever in a World Series game) was set in Game 4 in 1993.

Game 3

Whitey Ford pitched a complete game, scattering eight hits, and got the support he needed from an Enos Slaughter three-run homer in the sixth that gave the Yankees a 4–2 lead; they never trailed in the game afterwards.

Game 4

Hank Bauer's two-run homer in the seventh off Don Drysdale, pitching in relief, put the game away for the Yankees, who got a complete-game six-hitter from Tom Sturdivant. Mantle hit a home run off Ed Roebuck in the previous inning.

Game 5

In Game 5, Don Larsen, displaying an unusual "no-windup" style and "working the curveball beautifully", pitched the only postseason perfect game, and the only World Series no-hitter until 2022. While striking out seven Dodgers, Larsen had only one at-bat reach a three-ball count (against Pee Wee Reese, in the first inning).

Of several close moments, the best remembered is Gil Hodges' fifth-inning line drive toward Yankee Stadium's famed "Death Valley" in left-center, snared by center fielder Mickey Mantle with a spectacular running catch. In addition to that, Yankees fielders had to record three more lineouts, and shortstop Gil McDougald had to make a play on a ball that caromed off third baseman Andy Carey’s glove.

Brooklyn's Sal Maglie gave up only two runs on five hits and was perfect himself until a fourth-inning home run by Mantle broke the scoreless tie. The Yankees added an insurance run in the sixth as Hank Bauer's single scored Carey, who had opened the inning with a single and was sacrificed to second by Larsen.

The final out of the game came on a called third strike against Dale Mitchell and generated one of the most iconic images in sports history, when catcher Yogi Berra leaped into Larsen's arms.

When a reporter asked Yankees manager Casey Stengel afterward if this was the best game Larsen had ever pitched, Stengel diplomatically answered, "So far!" For Larsen, it was an especially satisfying performance, as he had acquired perhaps a better reputation as a night owl than as a pitcher. Stengel once said of Larsen, "The only thing he fears is sleep!" Larsen's perfect game was also the last game that umpire Babe Pinelli called behind the plate.

Sports cartoonist Willard Mullin drew an illustration of a happy Larsen painting a canvas titled The Master Piece, observed by a group of fawning art critics and Mullin's classic "Brooklyn Bum". Referencing the old saw "I don't know much about art, but I know what I like", the disgusted-looking Bum came up with a variation: "It may be art...but I don't like it!"

Brooklyn starter Sal Maglie appeared on the game show What's My Line? the night before the game, with former Yankee Phil Rizzuto as one of the panel members.

Game 6

In a 10-inning scoreless pitching duel with both starters going all the way, Jackie Robinson's walk-off single to left in the bottom of the 10th won the game for Clem Labine and kept the Dodgers' championship hopes alive. Tough-luck loser Bob Turley gave up a 10th-inning walk to Jim Gilliam, a sacrifice bunt by Pee Wee Reese and intentional pass to Duke Snider before the decisive hit. Game 6 is one of only three games in World Series history to be scoreless through nine innings, the others being Game 2 in 1913 and Game 7 in 1991.

Game 7

Yogi Berra's two homers led New York to an unexpectedly easy 9–0 title-clinching victory. Yankee pitcher Johnny Kucks struck out Jackie Robinson to end the Series. It would be Robinson's final at-bat, as he retired at the season's end.

After belting the Yankee pitching staff for 19 runs and 21 hits in the first two games, the Dodger bats went silent in the next five games, scoring only six runs on 21 hits, batting only .142 (21–for–148). New York outscored Brooklyn 22–6 in Games 3–7, the Yankees winning their 17th World Series.

Composite line score
1956 World Series (4–3): New York Yankees (A.L.) over Brooklyn Dodgers (N.L.)

Broadcasting
NBC televised the Series, with announcers Mel Allen (for the Yankees) and Vin Scully (for the Dodgers). In 2006, it was announced that a nearly-complete kinescope recording of the Game 5 telecast (featuring Larsen's perfect game) had been discovered by a collector. That kinescope recording aired during the MLB Network's inaugural night on the air on January 1, 2009, supplemented with interviews of both Larsen and Yogi Berra by Bob Costas. The first inning of the telecast is still considered lost and was not aired by the MLB Network or included in a subsequent DVD release of the game.

The Mutual network aired the Series on radio, with Bob Wolff and Bob Neal announcing. This was the final World Series broadcast for Mutual, which had covered the event since 1935; NBC's radio network would gain exclusive national rights to baseball the following season.

title: 1956 World Series


text:
Jovo Stanisavljević Čaruga

Jovan "Jovo" Stanisavljević (Јовaн "Јово" Станисављевић; 1897–27 February 1925), known by his nickname Čaruga (Чаруга), was a Serbian outlaw (hajduk) in Slavonia in the early 20th century.

Early life
Stanisavljević was born in 1897, into a Serb Orthodox family in the village of Slavonske Bare (part of Zdenci) in the Virovitica County, autonomous Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austro-Hungary. He was named after his paternal grandfather Jovan, who went by the family nickname of Čaruga ("troublemaker" ). His father Prokopija was a peasant, and his mother Ika died when he was ten. His father remarried, and he had a tough upbringing, later running away from home to Osijek, where he went to a locksmith school.

Criminal career
When World War I broke out, he stopped his studies and enrolled in the Austro-Hungarian Army. However, he posed as an officer and deserted the front lines. Shortly afterwards, he killed a man who was courting his girlfriend, and after a local nobleman threatened to arrest him, he killed him too. He was eventually apprehended, tried, and convicted, and started serving his sentence in the Sremska Mitrovica penitentiary. He managed to escape from prison and had a warrant for his capture, returning home where he was unwelcome. Čaruga left for the woods, where he befriended a gang, Kolo gorskih tića ("Band of Mountain Birds"), composed mostly of deserters, who all detested the rich Slavonian peasants and robbed them mercilessly, and were not afraid of killing people. He used the false names Nikola Drezgić and Mile Barić. The war was long over, but Čaruga and the gang were still pillaging the countryside, and became hunted by the Yugoslav gendarmerie. Eventually in 1922 he decided to leave for Zagreb, where he posed as a rich gentleman from Vinkovci and also continued his life of thievery. He would later return to Slavonia to continue stealing together with his group members. On 14 October 1923, however, they attempted to rob the Eltz family estate in Ivankovo near Vinkovci. They killed a man on site, while another snuck out and called the gendarmerie. After the skirmish that ensued they managed to escape but without their loot. More importantly, the police got on their trail and soon captured them. By February 1925, Čaruga's trial at the court in Osijek was finished, and he was subsequently hanged in front of a crowd of 3,000.

Čaruga's demise attracted a lot of popular attention at the time, and numerous popular books. In 1991 the movie Čaruga was directed by Rajko Grlić. He remains a well-known historic figure in the Balkans.

title: Jovo Stanisavljević Čaruga


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Slashdot effect

Slashdot effect
Don't Delete it

This was nominated by an anon, and has no votes in favour. Fond as I am of due process, this listing should be removed. DJ Clayworth 05:46, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Is somebody declaring war on the Slashdot pages? LEAVE THEM ALONE. --Spe88 07:34, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Perhaps related to the Sollog issue? --Dante Alighieri | Talk 20:07, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd say that was a sollogism. ;-) -- ChrisO 02:52, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, not even a valid candidate for VfD Wyss 01:07, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * It's pretty obvious that the vote will be "keep". Any chance of ending the discussion early? --Carnildo 01:08, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is a no-brainer. --Sensor 01:58, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Pretty obvious really. -- ChrisO 02:52, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Another idiotic manipulation attempt by P.Ennis.  Pakaran (ark a pan) 02:54, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. By the grace of Sollog, we will make the right decision......A2Kafir 03:20, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. doesn't make sense Ld 05:05, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. not a doubt about it. Mat334 05:27, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Arran4 05:31, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Someone is currently blanking all /. subpages. But they seem very indecisive in first VfDing them, then labelling for merge and then changing to a redirect. Keep Estel (talk) 09:14, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Bell-bottoms

I removed the link to the article Gay. I also changed the wording of the last sentance. Taken together they seemed to imply that only women and gay men wear bell-bottoms anymore. And that's just not true. --allan-a-go-go 09:21, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Flares
I added a note about how they were called flares in the 1960s in Britain and not bell bottoms. If anyone can find a less clunky way of putting that into the article in a less clunky way I'd be grateful. Liam Markham 01:27, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
 * No you haven't, you've added a note saying they're not called bell-bottoms in Britain, ever, which is untrue (try a web search to see contemporary usage). You could reword it and add your claim to the section on Bell-bottoms in the 1960s and 1970s, if you have evidence for it.  Or delete it entirely.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Maltelauridsbrigge (talk • contribs) 16:47, 29 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I've removed it as it's complete bollocks. They were known as bell-bottomed jeans when they first came out, followed by flared trousers and then they generally all became known as flared or flares. Loons didn't appear until the 70's. Richerman (talk) 00:13, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

Bell Bottom Blues
I wear stovepipes now, but Halloween night, I will have in my new custom made Black Denim Bells with Tie-Dye T shirt and peace Symbol at a ball party!

History of USA Navy Bell Bottoms: According to a US Navy film, if a sailor wearing bell bottoms, fell overboard in warm water, the sailor could take of his pants and tie the pants legs together air tight. He could then fill the pants with air and use the Bell Bottoms as a floatation lifesaver until rescued. The pants legs were made bell shaped it order to make it easy for sailors to tie the legs in a knot.In the 60's it became a fashion amongst Hippie types. I din not like Lamb-chop Bells or Flares.

Supercool Dude (talk) 14:55, 16 October 2011 (UTC)

Boot Cut
Why is there a pic of boot-cut jeans in the bell-bottom article? Nominate for deletion:)--Moss Ryder (talk) 12:26, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

So this originated in Europe mid 1960s?
The sentence is kind of confusing since it says it originated "mid 60s in Europe and in America in the late 1960s". --99.28.2.31 (talk) 04:48, 8 July 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140714214019/http://seattletimes.com/html/living/2003051369_fashjeans.html to http://seattletimes.com/html/living/2003051369_fashjeans.html

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"Silly Jeans" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Silly Jeans. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 12:49, 19 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bell-bottoms


text:
User talk:Lanthala

Hi, I'm new here!

Hi -Damien Vryce 16:43, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lanthala


text:
User talk:Dhenrich

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk '''P.S.: Wikipedia is not a web directory. Please don't create articles like Encyclopedia Dramatica. It's currently on votes for deletion page.'''

Never too late radio soap
I have added a "" template to the article Never too late radio soap, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Metros232 13:26, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dhenrich


text:
Talk:Tristão da Cunha

Biography assessment rating comment
WikiProject Biography Summer 2007 Assessment Drive

Barely a Start class.

The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article. -- Yamara 18:13, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

2 articles
I think this should be split to two separate articles. Quite confusing as it is. jni 09:28, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

ok, done!
Created another page - Tristão da Cunha (Aikidoka)

Disambiguation?
Perhaps a disambiguation page is in order... to differentiate navigator vs. aikidoka?

Orphaned references in Tristão da Cunha
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Tristão da Cunha's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "Logan": From Siege of Cannanore (1507): Malabar manual William Logan p.314ff  From Portuguese India: Malabar manual by William Logan p.312

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 06:33, 15 December 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tristão da Cunha


text:
Bishop's Opening

The Bishop's Opening is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
 * 1. e4 e5
 * 2. Bc4

White attacks Black's f7-square and prevents Black from advancing the d-pawn to d5. By ignoring the beginner's maxim "develop knights before bishops", White leaves their f-pawn unblocked, preserving the possibility of f2–f4.

The f2–f4 gives the Bishop's Opening an affinity with the King's Gambit and the Vienna Game, two openings that share this characteristic. The Bishop's Opening can transpose into either of these openings, and in particular a favorable variation of the King's Gambit, but with care Black can circumvent this. Transpositions into the Giuoco Piano and the Two Knights Defense and other openings are also possible.

The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings assigns the Bishop's Opening the codes C23 and C24.

History and use
The Bishop's Opening is one of the oldest openings to be analyzed; it was studied by Lucena and Ruy Lopez. Later it was played by Philidor. Larsen was one of the few grandmasters to play it often, after first using it at the 1964 Interzonal tournament. Although the Bishop's Opening is uncommon today, it has been used occasionally as a surprise by players such as Kasparov. Nunn uses it to avoid Petrov's Defence (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6), and Lékó played it in the 2007 World Championship against Kramnik, known to consistently play the Petrov.

Weaver Adams in his classic work White to Play and Win claimed that the Bishop's Opening was a win for White by from the second move. He was unable to prove this by defeating players stronger than himself, however, and later abandoned the Bishop's Opening for the Vienna Game, making the same claim. Grandmaster Nick de Firmian, in the 14th edition of Modern Chess Openings, concludes that the Bishop's Opening leads to with best play by both sides, and notes that, "Among modern players only Bent Larsen has played it much, but even Kasparov gave it a whirl (winning against Bareev)."

Main variations
Because White's second move makes no direct threat, Black has many possible second-move responses. As shown below, the Bishop's Opening offers opportunities to transpose to several other Open Games.

Berlin Defense: 2...Nf6
Probably Black's most popular second move is 2...Nf6, forcing White to decide how to defend the e-pawn.

After 3.d3 Black must be careful not to drift into an inferior variation of the King's Gambit Declined. One continuation that avoids this pitfall is 3...c6 4.Nf3 d5 5.Bb3 Bd6.

White sometimes chooses the Bishop's Opening move order to transpose into the Giuoco Piano while preventing Black from playing Petrov's Defense. For example, 2...Nf6 3.d3 Nc6 4.Nf3 Bc5 reaches the quiet Giuoco Pianissimo.

The Urusov Gambit is named after Russian Prince Sergey Semyonovich Urusov (1827–1897). After 2...Nf6 3.d4 exd4 (3...Nxe4 4.dxe5 gives White some advantage) 4.Nf3, Black can transpose to the Two Knights Defense with 4...Nc6, or can decline the gambit with 4...d5 5.exd5 Bb4+ 6.c3 (6.Kf1 is recommended by Michael Goeller, winning a pawn at the expense of castling rights) 6...Qe7+ 7.Be2 dxc3, when 8.bxc3 and 8.Nxc3 both offer approximately equal chances. Instead, Black can accept the gambit with 4...Nxe4 5.Qxd4 Nf6 (5...Nd6 6.0-0 gives White an overwhelming attack), and White will continue with Nc3, Bg5, Qh4, 0-0-0, and usually intends to meet ...0-0 and ...h6 with the piece sacrifice Bxh6, exposing the black king. Black has a solid position with no clear weaknesses, but White has attacking chances and piece activity as compensation for the pawn. The Urusov Gambit is also occasionally reached via the Petrov Defence after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 exd4 4.Bc4.

The Boden–Kieseritzky Gambit is named after English players and chess writers Samuel Boden and Lionel Kieseritzky. Boden published the first analysis of it in 1851. Opening theoreticians consider that after 2...Nf6 3.Nf3 Nxe4 4.Nc3 Nxc3 5.dxc3 f6, White's attack is not quite worth a pawn. The game may continue 6.0-0 Nc6 (not 6...Be7? 7.Nxe5! with a tremendous attack, but 6...d6 is also ) 7.Nh4 g6 8.f4 f5 9.Nf3 (9.Nxf5? d5!) e4 10.Ng5 (10.Ne5 Qe7! threatening Qc5+ is strong) Bc5+. In practice, Black's lack of and inability to castle  can prove very problematic.

Safer for Black are Paul Morphy's solid 5...c6 6.Nxe5 d5, returning the pawn with equality, and 4...Nc6 (instead of 4...Nxc3) 5.0-0 (5.Nxe4 d5) Nxc3 6.dxc3 Qe7! when, according to Bobby Fischer in My 60 Memorable Games, "White has no compensation for the pawn."

Black can also decline the pawn with 3...Nc6, transposing into the Two Knights Defense. He must, however, be willing to offer a gambit himself after 4.Ng5. White may invite an offshoot of the Boden–Kieseritzky Gambit with 4.0-0 Nxe4 5.Nc3.

Irregular move orders are 2.Nc3 (Vienna) Nf6 3.Bc4 Nxe4 4.Nf3 and 2.Nf3 Nf6 (Russian or Petrov Defence) 3.Bc4 Nxe4 4.Nc3.

Summary after 2...Nf6

 * 3.Nc3 (Vienna Game, by transposition)
 * 3.d3
 * 3.d4 (Ponziani's Gambit)
 * 3...exd4 4.Qxd4 Nc6 (Center Game, by transposition)
 * 3...exd4 4.Nf3 (Urusov Gambit)
 * 4...Bc5 5.0-0 Nc6 (Max Lange Attack, by transposition)
 * 4...Nc6 (Two Knights Defense, by transposition)
 * 4...Nxe4 5.Qxd4 (Urusov Gambit Accepted)
 * 3.Nf3 (Petrov's Defense, by transposition)
 * 3...Nxe4 4.Nc3 (Boden–Kieseritzky Gambit)
 * 3.f4 (Greco Gambit)
 * 3...Nxe4 4.d3 Nd6 5.Bb3 Nc6 or 5...e4
 * 3...exf4 (King's Gambit, by transposition)

Classical Defense: 2...Bc5
The Classical Defense (also known as the Boi Variation ) is Black's symmetrical response, 2...Bc5. White can then transpose into the Vienna Game (3.Nc3) or the Giuoco Piano (3.Nf3 Nc6), or remain in the Bishop's Opening with the Wing Gambit (3.b4) or the Philidor Variation (3.c3). The main line of the Philidor Variation runs: 3.c3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4 5.e5 d5! 6.exf6 dxc4 7.Qh5 0-0 8.Qxc5 Re8+ 9.Ne2 d3 10.Be3. Transpositions into the King's Gambit Declined and the Giuoco Piano are also possible after 3.d3.

The Wing Gambit results in positions similar to those in the Evans Gambit. It can transpose into the Evans Gambit, for instance by 3.b4 Bxb4 4.c3 Ba5 5.Nf3 Nc6. It can also lead to the Four Pawns Gambit after 3... Bxb4 4. f4 exf4 5. Nf3 Be7 6. d4 Bh4+ 7. g3 fxg3 8. O-O gxh2+ 9. Kh1

Black's most energetic response to the Philidor Variation is the Lewis Countergambit, 3.c3 d5, named for the English player and author William Lewis (1787–1870) who published analysis of the line in 1834.

Among amateurs, 3.Qf3 and 3.Qh5 are also popular, threatening an immediate Scholar's mate. But the threat is easily met (e.g. 3.Qh5 Qe7) and the moves are considered inferior since they hamper White's development or leave the queen exposed, leading to loss of tempo. As a well known attack, these moves are mostly blocked by Black, who can smash the whole strategy in one move, like Qe7 or Nh6.

Summary after 2...Bc5

 * 3.b4 (Wing Gambit)
 * 3.c3 (Philidor Variation)
 * 3...d5 (Lewis Countergambit)
 * 3...d6
 * 3...Nf6
 * 3.Nc3 (Vienna Game, by transposition)
 * 3.d3
 * 3.Nf3 Nc6 (Giuoco Piano, by transposition)
 * 3.Qg4

Other Black responses
Other Black second moves are rarely played. If Black tries to transpose into the Hungarian Defense with 2...Be7?, then 3.Qh5 wins a pawn.

The Calabrese Countergambit (2...f5) is named after Greco's homeland, Calabria. It is considered dubious, as the line recommended by Carl Jaenisch, 3.d3 Nf6 4.f4 d6 5.Nf3, gives White the advantage. Other analyses, however, have found that the sharp 3.f4! or safe 3.Nc3 are better for White than 3.d3.

Summary of other Black responses

 * 2...c6 (Philidor Counterattack)
 * 2...Nc6
 * 2...d6
 * 2...f5?! (Calabrese Countergambit)
 * 3.d3 (Jaenisch Variation)

title: Bishop's Opening


text:
User talk:Verelodge

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

title: User talk:Verelodge


text:
Category:Christian eschatology

Christian eschatology is a major branch of study within Christian theology. Eschatology is the study of 'end things', whether the end of an individual life, the end of the age, the end of the world and the nature of the Kingdom of God.

title: Category:Christian eschatology


text:
Konstantinopolsky Opening

The Konstantinopolsky Opening is a rarely played chess opening that begins with the moves as illustrated below:

 * 1. e4 e5
 * 2. Nf3 Nc6
 * 3. g3

Description
The opening was first played in the game Alexander Konstantinopolsky versus Viacheslav Ragozin, Moscow 1956.

The Konstantinopolsky Opening is rarely seen at the top levels of chess, although some grandmasters such as Savielly Tartakower (who played many unusual openings) have experimented with it. Black is considered to achieve an easy game with the natural and strong 3...Nf6 4.d3 d5.

title: Konstantinopolsky Opening


text:
San Marin High School

San Marin High School is a public high school located in Novato, California, in the United States.

History
San Marin High School opened in 1968 in Novato.

Robert Vieth became principal in 2007, after the former principal was dismissed by the District's board, resulting in extended protests by parents, staff, and students. Vieth established the first code of conduct for student athletes and coaches in Marin County and began the San Marin Plus school-within-a-school program in 2010 for credit deficient students. Vieth announced plans for his retirement in March 2011.

Campus
The school occupies 39.6 acre, with a total of 51 classrooms, one gymnasium and one mini-gym, a student center, library, college and career center, media room, art department, gym, and science lab. All the facilities have recently been upgraded thanks to the Facility Bond. The seniors have a tradition of chalking their graduating class year on a hill on the north side of the school named, "Senior Hill".

Athletic facilities include tennis and basketball courts, baseball and softball diamonds, soccer field and a newly upgraded artificial turf football field and an all-weather track.

The school also has a STEM building, in regards to their STEM program, the building was built upon the north-eastern campus area. Construction concluded in 2020, and was specifically meant for students who participated in the program. The classrooms were of the 'modern' structure, there are TVs, chemistry labs, and group working opportunities built in. There is even a 'lounge' and more.

Demographics
2014–2015
 * 1,020 students: 529 male (51.9%), 491 female (48.1%)

Curriculum
San Marin High School serves grades 9–12, and offers a comprehensive program of study to approximately 1040 students. San Marin has established educational objectives aimed at providing students with challenging learning experiences in academics, as well as providing assistance with choosing future educational and career choices. Students are given opportunities to take classes in performing arts, visual arts, athletics, Regional Occupational Program courses, Advanced Placement and Honors Courses, and Sheltered Courses. In particular, R.O.P. (Regional Occupational Program)(493 students), A.P. (453 students) and honors enrollment (140 students) has climbed dramatically.

STEM Programs – San Marin is notable for its strong and successful STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) programs. Both of San Marin's STEM programs focus on preparing students for college and career through rigorous, hands-on, project based learning experiences. San Marin's STEM programs include STEM Marin and the Biotechnology Academy.

STEM Marin was founded in 2013. STEM Marin enrolls 60 9th graders each year and students take two science or engineering courses each school year as well as math each year. STEM Marin courses are blocked together in 9th and 10th grades so students take physics and engineering every day for two hours per day in 9th grade and biology and biotechnology during 10th grade. In 11th grade, students take chemistry and one STEM elective, and in 12th grade, students take senior capstone engineering and one STEM elective. In 2015, STEM Marin teacher Nick Williams won the prestigious Milken Educator Award

Biotechnology Academy was founded in 2015 although there have been biotechnology courses at San Marin since 2009. Biotechnology Academy enrolls 60 9th graders each year and students are cohorted together for technology of biology, English, and health/college and career readiness during 9th grade. Students are also cohorted together for chemistry of biotechnology and English 10th grade, and then take biotechnology 1 during 11th grade and biotechnology 2 during 12th grade.

San Marin High School was recognized as a 2017 California Gold Ribbon School for its STEM and arts programs.

The school has 62 teachers, 25 classified staff and a regional occupational program. The school newspaper is called The Pony Express.

Performing and Visual Arts
San Marin offers a wealth of performance opportunities. The performing arts, and visual arts program is called the SMART program.

Drama Department The Drama Department offers drama and advanced drama programs and produces two full-length Drama productions (fall and spring), beginning drama winter play and various 'cafe theaters.' Among many other awards, the Drama students recently won First Place (Command Performance with perfect score) in the Sacramento State Statewide Lenaea Drama Festival and first places in both Monologue and Scene Category at the Marin Theater Company Scene Fest. The Drama department was also invited to perform at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival with AHSTF during the summer of 2009. In 2020, the drama department won the bronze award at the Lanaea Theater Festival for its production of "Hard Candy".

Music Department An extensive music experience is provided. In addition to Concert/Jazz choirs and bands during normal school hours, the music department offers show choir, 3 Jazz Combos, Music theater, Music Technology, and other small ensembles. The department presents two full-length musicals with orchestra and tech crew; a madrigal feast, featuring music, drama, and dancing; 9 concerts; district music festival; and community events. Students also attend regional, national and international music festivals and won numerous awards.

Visual Art Department A variety of art classes using different media are offered. The classes are Art and Design, 3D Art, Glass Art, Photography 1, Photography 2 and AP Photography, Drawing and Painting, and AP Art, for which students can receive college credit for approved portfolios.

Extracurricular activities
San Marin students are involved in a wide range of co-curricular and extra-curricular activities with many opportunities for parent involvement. Parent organizations include PTSA, Sports Boosters, Music Boosters, Drama Boosters, Art Boosters, the English Language Advisory Committee. These groups are very active in supporting the school.

Sports
San Marin High School athletic teams participates in the North Coast Section, Marin County Athletic League programs. The school is known for its successful athletic program. San Marin has thirty two sports teams and three seasons (Fall, Winter, Spring) of sports for girls and boys. The Sports Boosters is instrumental for raising funds for the athletic and sports programs at San Marin.

Fall Sports – Cross Country (Co-Ed Varsity), Football (Co-Ed, Frosh, JV, Varsity), Girls Tennis, Girls Volleyball (Frosh, JV, Varsity), Water Polo (Boys and Girls Varsity, Boys JV), Girls Golf and Cheerleading (Boys and Girls).

Winter Sports – Basketball (Frosh, JV, Varsity), Wrestling and Cheerleading (Boys and Girls). Soccer (Boys JV and Varsity & Girls JV and Varsity)

Spring Sports – Baseball (Boys Frosh, JV, Varsity), Lacrosse (Boys and Girls Varsity), Boys Golf, Softball (JV, Varsity), Swimming (Co-Ed), Boys Tennis, Track and Field (Co-Ed) and Boys Volleyball.

In 2001 the San Marin Football had its first and only undefeated football season going (12–0). They won the MCAL and North Coast Section 2A Championships.

Other accomplishments are: 2005 Track team won MCAL Girls and Boys High Jump championships and 3200 meters frosh-soph championship, 2006 Cross country team won MCAL girl's Championship with 3rd fastest time on MCAL course, 2006 Girls Tennis MCAL doubles championship, 2006 North Coast Section Champion Girls Softball, 2006 North Coast Section Champion Boys Baseball

San Marin recently won the 2007 MCAL Girls Tennis Champions, 2007 MCAL Championship Boys Baseball, 2007 North Coast Section Girls Softball Champion, the 2008 Varsity Baseball NCS Champions, and JV Baseball MCAL Champions.

Student clubs
San Marin students are involved in many extracurricular activities and, under the umbrella of the Leadership Class, the students are encouraged to form students clubs for various interests and disciplines.

The various student clubs in San Marin are: Anime Club, Art Club, Artemis: An Animal Rights Club, Card Game Club, CSF (California Scholarship Foundation), Current Events Club, Environmental Club, French Club, Friday Night Lights Club, The Vinyl Frontier (vinyl record club), Games Club, Gardening Club, Gossima Cult (Ping-Pong Club), Interact Club, Me to We Club, Mock Trial, Mock UN, Random Acts of Kindness Club, Save the Waves Club, Speech and Debate Club, the Robotics Club (Penguin Empire Robotics), NAQT Quiz Bowl, and Ultimate Frisbee Club.

The San Marin School Website was developed by the Website club and maintained jointly by the students and PTSA.

The Robotics Club won the Rookie of the Year, 2nd place overall and the website awards at their first FIRST Robotics Competition UC Davis Regional Competition and regional tournament in March 2008. The club went on to compete at the FIRST World Championship in Houston, TX during the 2019 season.

In the 2011–2012 season, San Marin's Speech and Debate team secured six medals/trophies during their first year of competing in the Parliamentary Debate category.

Racial Controversies
During the 1990s and early 2000s, San Marin received significant media coverage locally and nationally for the intolerant behavior of some students and parents.

Until it was banned in 1992, one of several themed annual "spirit days" was Slave Day. According to a 1999 Salon article written on the school's history, "students dressed in tattered clothes and chains were "auctioned" to other students, whom they were then required to serve for the day." Images of this day from the 1987-1988 year book circulated in 2020, drawing shock from students and community members.

Reports of racial and ethnic intolerance began as early as 1995, when an American-born Asian-American senior at the school was beaten by a group of teenagers shouting racial slurs and telling him to go back to China. The one assailant who took responsibility was sentenced to 20 hours of community service.

In early 1998, a student yelled racial epithets at members of the visiting Tamalpais High School basketball team. In reaction to the slurs and actions committed by the San Marin High student, parents of four of the black students from Tamalpais filed suit against the Novato Unified School District, charging that a "climate of intolerance" was allowed at San Marin. The Marin County Athletic League put San Marin on probation for more than a year, citing its "hostile environment".

In the 1998–99 school year, San Marin received widespread media coverage after repeated incidents of hate crimes committed against one of their openly gay students. He was beaten by three youths off campus on September 15, 1998, soon after forming the Gay-Straight Alliance at San Marin. The Novato Police offered a reward, but the attackers were never identified. Some students at the school, which had been stressing tolerance at a series of "respect days" that year, spoke out in support of the victim and 1000 students and faculty walked out of San Marin to show support for him and pride in their school. The next day, San Marin's principal was reassigned to a District office. Novato's city manager, Rod Wood, referred to "a small group of individuals who are fairly socially maladjusted", who identified themselves as white supremacists and called themselves "the hicks".

The school's behavior code was modified, outlining a range of punishments for racial/ethnic/sexual slurs including reprimand, parental notification, detention on Saturday afternoon, expulsion and police referral.

Misbehavior by the parents of a San Marin basketball player on February 2, 2008, in two games with Tam High teams led to drafting of the first code-of-conduct contracts for parents of athletes at a Marin County school. Following a girls junior varsity game at Tam, the mother of a San Marin player followed two referees, shouting obscene insults; later at San Marin, two parents of San Marin players confronted Tam's coach after he made a gesture indicating that the home team had choked. Novato police were called and the parents were later asked not to attend the remaining games of the season.

In 2022, Novato Unified School district led a probe into a group of incidents where San Marin athletes used racial slurs during basketball and football games. The probe found “credible evidence” that San Marin athletes used racial slurs during games against San Rafael High, San Mateo High, and Tamalpais High.

Notable alumni

 * Jalal Leach (1987) - baseball player
 * Mike Wise (1982) – NFL and UC Davis defensive end
 * Richard Day (1980) – Hollywood writer and producer, best known for Mad About You and Arrested Development
 * Brad Muster (1983) – NFL and Stanford University running back
 * Bud Norris (2003) – MLB pitcher (Houston Astros, Baltimore Orioles, San Diego Padres, Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels, St. Louis Cardinals)
 * Brett Carolan (1989) – NFL tight end; Marin Athletic Foundation Outstanding Student Athlete
 * Michael Kearney (1990) – graduated at age 6 after one year at San Marin; world's youngest college graduate
 * Mike McCoy (1990) – NFL Head Coach (San Diego Chargers) and University of Utah quarterback
 * Bret Bergmark (1992) – mixed martial artist ("The Angry Hick")
 * Meagan McCray (2005) – Women's Professional Soccer goalkeeper
 * Manny Wilkins (2013) – Arizona State Sun Devils football quarterback 2014-2018
 * Brent Moore (1981) – linebacker for the Green Bay Packers
 * Juan Alderete (1981) – Grammy Award-winning bassist for The Mars Volta and Marilyn Manson
 * Ali Viola (1993) – NCAA All-American softball player and coach.

title: San Marin High School


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jason Morgan

Jason Morgan
Jason Morgan was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Article already deleted.

Apparently some bizarre vanity about this supposedly terrific guy who seems to have done a lot of nothing in his twenty years here. I can't see that he's at all notable. Note also the original posting at Jason morgan. Weird vanity, at best. Delete. - Vague | Rant 09:34, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Sander123 09:38, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. As if it wasn't painfully obvious, google turns up nothing. I did find a Jason Morgan from TCNJ on TheFaceBook.com, and he is a member of Association for the Appreciation of the Game of Knot. Markaci 10:02, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity, not notable. Muntfish 12:27, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nuff said. Houshuang 18:36, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Prank. Could be speedy deleted as a joke, IMO.  (Quoted by the New Yorker?  Investors wonder when he'll start?  Hopes to understand the mood swings of girls? Har har har.)  Geogre 19:20, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity or joke. Jayjg 19:36, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Jason Morgan is the name of a character on General Hospital. It could be a redirect to there.  208.45.229.78 23:00, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Stupid. I was bored.  Sorry to cause so much trouble.  Delete with no question.  It was good for practice for editing other stuff though.  I pledge to become a legitimate editor with anything I can fix.  I'm amazed with the alacrity that you guys respond to weird things.  Excellent work.  Sorry again. Jdjuice 07:24, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Cdr259

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
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I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

title: User talk:Cdr259


text:
Three Knights Game

The Three Knights Game is a chess opening which most commonly begins with the moves:
 * 1. e4 e5
 * 2. Nf3 Nc6
 * 3. Nc3

In the Three Knights Game, Black chooses to break symmetry in order to avoid the main lines of what is often considered the drawish Four Knights Game after the usual 3...Nf6.

The relevant ECO code is C46.

Black's third move
After tries such as 3...d6 or 3...Be7, White can play 4.d4, leaving Black with a cramped position resembling Philidor's Defense. If Black plays 3...Bc5 instead, White can eliminate Black's outpost at e5: 4.Nxe5 Nxe5 5.d4 Bd6 6.dxe5 Bxe5. Since tournament praxis shows the line seems to favor White, Black usually plays 3...Bb4 or 3...g6, the Steinitz Defense. Continuations then are typically 3...Bb4 4.Nd5 and 3...g6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nd5.

Another alternative for Black is 3...f5 – the Winawer Defense (or Gothic Defense). Then 4.Bb5 transposes into the Schliemann variation of the Ruy Lopez with 4.Nc3.

The Three Knights is almost never seen at master level nowadays, as Black players have sought more active tries, even within the Four Knights.

Reversed knight position
The similar position with Black having moved ...Nf6 is called Petrov's Three Knights Game, although it too usually leads to the Four Knights Game.

Example game
Rosenthal vs. Steinitz, 1873:

1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 g6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nxd4 Bg7 6.Be3 Nge7 7.Bc4 d6 8.0-0 0-0 9.f4 Na5 10.Bd3 d5 11.exd5 Nxd5 12.Nxd5 Qxd5 13.c3 Rd8 14.Qc2 Nc4 15.Bxc4 Qxc4 16.Qf2 c5 17.Nf3 b6 18.Ne5 Qe6 19.Qf3 Ba6 20.Rfe1 f6 21.Ng4 h5 22.Nf2 Qf7 23.f5 g5 24.Rad1 Bb7 25.Qg3 Rd5 26.Rxd5 Qxd5 27.Rd1 Qxf5 28.Qc7 Bd5 29.b3 Re8 30.c4 Bf7 31.Bc1 Re2 32.Rf1 Qc2 33.Qg3 Qxa2 34.Qb8+ Kh7 35.Qg3 Bg6 36.h4 g4 37.Nd3 Qxb3 38.Qc7 Qxd3 0–1

title: Three Knights Game


text:
Andong Science College

Andong Science College is a small technical college in Seohu-myeon, Andong City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It employs about 75 full-time instructors. Academic departments include nursing, public health administration, cyber-terror defense, physical therapy, dental hygiene, computer information, information management, and medical engineering. The campus covers 129,000 m² and includes a library and gymnasium. The school maintains sister relationships with Ashland University in the United States, and domestically with Kyung Hee University.

History
Unlike most technical colleges in South Korea, it began its existence as a public institution, Andong Nursing High School (안동간호고등기술학교), which was founded in 1967. The school was redesignated a technical school in 1972. In 1983, it was officially taken over by a private organization, the Jangchun Educational Foundation (학교법인 장춘학원), and was known as Andong Technical College of Health and Nursing. It became a general technical college in 1992. The school took on its current name, Andong Science College, in 1998.

In the fall of 1997, the Department of Tourism English began using native English speakers to augment their English programs. The students eventually worked in the travel industry across South Korea.

At that time the department hired Brian Curneal and Christopher Brogan of Lansing, MI to teach ESL and Conversational English. Both teachers began teaching Conversational English to Elementary school teachers. Later in the spring of 1997 Mr. Curneal and Mr. Brogan began teaching the college freshmen and sophomores conversational English in earnest. They both continued teaching at Angong Junior College, the common English name for the school, until the end of the second semester (fall) of 1997. During their short tenure there they also taught conversational English to many of the school's instructors and professors.

title: Andong Science College


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Scotch Game

The Scotch Game, or Scotch Opening, is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
 * 1. e4 e5
 * 2. Nf3 Nc6
 * 3. d4

Ercole del Rio, in his 1750 treatise Sopra il giuoco degli Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese ("On the game of Chess, practical Observations by an anonymous Modenese Author"), was the first author to mention what is now called the Scotch Game. The opening received its name from a correspondence match in 1824 between Edinburgh and London. Popular in the 19th century, by 1900 the Scotch had lost favour among top players because it was thought to release the central tension too early and allow Black to without difficulty. In the 20th century grandmasters Garry Kasparov and Jan Timman helped to re-popularise the Scotch when they used it as a surprise weapon to avoid the well-analysed Ruy Lopez.

Analysis
White aims to dominate the by exchanging their d-pawn for Black's e-pawn. Black usually plays 3...exd4, as they have no good way of maintaining their pawn on e5 (this same position can be reached by transposition from the Centre Game 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.Nf3 Nc6). After 3...d6, White is better after 4.dxe5 dxe5 5.Qxd8+ Kxd8 6.Bc4, or they may simply play 4.Bb5, when 4...exd4 5.Nxd4 Bd7 transposes to the Steinitz Defence in the Ruy Lopez.

3...Nxd4 the Lolli Variation is possible, though rarely played today by strong players. It was popular in the 19th century, and receives five columns of analysis in Freeborough and Ranken's opening manual Chess Openings Ancient and Modern (3rd ed. 1896 p. 53). It is often described today as a strategic error, since after 4.Nxd4 exd4 5.Qxd4 (5.Bc4 is the Napoleon Gambit) White's queen stands on a central square, and is developed too early since it cannot be chased away very effectively (5...c5 is a seriously weakening move that blocks Black's ). Nonetheless, the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) concludes that Black with 5...Ne7 6.Bc4 Nc6 7.Qd5 Qf6 8.0-0 Ne5 9.Be2 c6 10.Qb3 Ng6 11.f4 Bc5+ 12.Kh1 d6 (I. Sokolov). Similarly, Harald Keilhack concludes in Knight on the Left: 1.Nc3 (p. 21) that although ...Nxd4 is a "non-line" these days, if Black continues perfectly it is not clear that White gets even a small advantage. Keilhack analyses 5.Qxd4 d6 6.Nc3 Nf6 7.Bc4 Be7 8.0-0 0-0 9.Bg5 c6 10.a4 Qa5 11.Bh4 and now after 11...Qe5 or 11...Be6, "White has at most this indescribable nothingness which is the advantage of the first move." (Id. p. 25) The ECO also concludes that Black equalises after the alternative 4.Nxe5 Ne6 5.Bc4 Nf6 6.Nc3 Be7 7.0-0 0-0 8.Be3 d6 9.Nd3 Nxe4 10.Nxe4 d5 (Parma). The main line 3...exd4 4.Nxd4 may transpose into this position if Black chooses to play 4...Nxd4.

3...d6 is often regarded as a mistake and an automatic slight advantage for White. While 3...d6 does defend the e5-pawn, it allows White to play 4.d5 and kick out the knight. The resulting line of 4...Nce7 5.c4 Nf6 6.Nc3 Ng6 allows White an imposing centre and better chances for winning. Opting to take on e5 still scores poorly for Black, as 4.dxe5 dxe5 5.Qxd8+ leaves Black in a losing dilemma: either take with the king and forgo castling rights (5...Kxd8), or to take with the c6-knight and lose the e5-pawn (5...Nxd8 6.Nxe5). Chess.com cites a meager 18% win rate for Black's 3...d6 move.

3...f5 4.Nxe5 transposes into a line of the dubious Latvian Gambit. After the usual 3...exd4, White can respond with the main line 4.Nxd4 or can play a gambit by offering Black one or two pawns in exchange for rapid.

Main variations
After 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4, the most important continuations are:
 * 4.Nxd4 (Main line)
 * 4...Bc5 (Classical Variation)
 * 4...Nf6 (Schmidt Variation)
 * 4...Qh4 (Steinitz Variation)
 * 4...Qf6
 * 4...Nxd4
 * 4...Bb4+
 * 4.Bc4 (Scotch Gambit)
 * 4.c3 (Göring Gambit)
 * 4.Bb5 (Relfsson Gambit)

Main line: 4.Nxd4
In the main line after 4.Nxd4, Black has two major options. Either 4...Bc5 or 4...Nf6 offers Black good chances for an equal game.

Classical Variation: 4...Bc5
After 4...Bc5 White has 5.Be3, 5.Nxc6, or 5.Nb3.

On 5.Be3 play almost always continues 5...Qf6 6.c3 Nge7 7.Bc4 (as proposed by IM Gary Lane in Winning with the Scotch; several seventh move alternatives for White are possible here, 7.g3 for example) 7...Ne5 seems Black's strongest reply. Play usually continues 8.Be2 (white allows Ne5 with tempo to enable a potential f4 counter). 8... Qg6 (8...d5 is also possible) 9.0-0. Here, White allows Black the option of taking the unprotected pawn on e4, but it is considered "poisoned". ) 8.0-0 Bb6 where the position is roughly equal.

After 5.Nxc6, play almost always continues 5...Qf6 (Black does not lose a piece on c6 because he is threatening mate with 6...Qxf2) 6.Qd2 dxc6 7.Nc3, or 6.Qf3 dxc6 followed by either 7.Bc4 or 7.Nc3.

On 5.Nb3 play almost always continues 5...Bb6 6.Nc3, or alternatively 5...Bb6 6. a4 a6 7.Nc3. After 6.Nc3, White usually follows with (in some order) Qe2, Be3 or Bg5.

Schmidt Variation: 4...Nf6
After 4...Nf6 White has 5.Nxc6 (the Mieses Variation) or 5.Nc3 (the Scotch Four Knights Game). After 5.Nc3 almost always played is 5...Bb4 6.Nxc6 bxc6 7.Bd3 d5 8.exd5 cxd5 9.0-0 0-0 10.Bg5 c6. After 5.Nxc6 bxc6 6.e5 Qe7 7.Qe2 Nd5 8.c4 is also very common. Where these main lines end, the first real opening decisions are made, which are too specific for this overview.

Steinitz Variation: 4...Qh4!?
Steinitz's 4...Qh4!? almost wins a pawn by force, but White gets a lead in development and attacking chances as compensation. As of 2005, White's most successful line has been 5.Nc3 Bb4 6.Be2 Qxe4 7.Nb5 Bxc3+ 8.bxc3 Kd8 9.0-0, from which Black's awkwardly placed king has generally proven more significant than the extra pawn.

Scotch Gambit: 4.Bc4
Instead of 4.Nxd4, White has two ways to offer a gambit. The Scotch Gambit starts with 4.Bc4. The Scotch Gambit may also be reached via the Italian Gambit by 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4 exd4; however, this move order gives Black the option of avoiding the Scotch with 4...Bxd4. After 4.Bc4, Black can transpose into the 4.d4 exd4 line of the Two Knights Defence with 4...Nf6, or continue 4...Bc5, when White has three main options.

 * 5.c3, dubbed the Haxo Gambit by Eric Schiller, has little independent significance. Most popular and probably best is 5...Nf6, transposing into a variation of the Giuoco Piano in which Black is known to have a satisfactory game. Black can instead accept the gambit with 5...dxc3, but this is riskier because White will gain a lead in development after 6.Bxf7+ Kxf7 7.Qd5+ and Qxc5. Alternatively, Black may decline the gambit with 5...d3, opening the diagonal for the bishop on c5 and depriving White's knight of its most natural square, c3.

 * 5.0-0 usually leads to the Max Lange Attack after 5...Nf6 6.e5.

 * 5.Ng5!?, with the idea of 5...Nh6 (best) 6.Nxf7 Nxf7 7.Bxf7+ Kxf7 8.Qh5+ g6 9.Qxc5, regaining the material. This line violates normal opening principles by moving a piece twice, attacking before development is complete, and placing the queen where it is exposed to attack. For this reason it has traditionally been considered inferior, perhaps influenced by the well-known game Meek–Morphy, Mobile 1855. The line has more recently appeared in grandmaster play, however, and seems to offer both sides approximately equal chances. Black can equalise with either 9...d5 (Black's latent threats of ...Nb4 and ...Re8+ prevent capturing the d5-pawn; if 10.Bf4 dxe4 11.Nd2 Re8 12.0-0-0 Bf5 and Black has the upper hand [ Parma ] ) or 9...d6 (taking advantage of White's exposed queen).

The Black response 4...Bb4+ to the Scotch Gambit is called the London Defence.

Göring Gambit: 4.c3
The Göring Gambit is a relative of the Danish Gambit which starts with 4.c3. White sacrifices one or two pawns in return for a lead in development, and typically follows up by putting pressure on f7 with Bc4, Qb3 and sometimes Ng5, while Nc3–d5 is another common motif. The Oxford Companion to Chess notes that the gambit was first played at high levels by Howard Staunton in the 1840s, and the earliest game with it was probably played in 1843. The first game with the gambit accepted may be Meek–Morphy, New York 1857. Carl Theodor Göring introduced it into master play in 1872, but while Göring's name is most often associated with the one-pawn gambit (5.Nxc3), Göring invariably used the double-pawn gambit with 5.Bc4. The gambit has been played by Ljubomir Ljubojević, David Bronstein, Frank Marshall, and Jonathan Penrose. In casual games, Alexander Alekhine often transposed to it via the move order 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3, when ...Nc6 for Black and Nf3 for White often followed. In general, the opening is unpopular at master level but is more popular at club level. It is recommended to study the Göring Gambit in connection with the Danish.

4...d5
Black can equalise by transposing to the Danish Declined with 4...d5, when the critical line runs 5.exd5 Qxd5 6.cxd4 Bg4 7.Be2 Bb4+ 8.Nc3 Bxf3 9.Bxf3 Qc4 (or 6...Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Bg4 8.Be2 Bxf3 9.Bxf3 Qc4, leading to the same position), often referred to as the Capablanca Variation in view of the strength of Black's concept in the game Marshall–Capablanca, Lake Hopatcong 1926. This line (which can also arise from the Chigorin Defence to the Queen's Gambit), forcing White to either exchange queens or forgo the right to castle with the risky 10.Be3, deters many players from employing this gambit. Equal endgames result after either 10.Qb3 Qxb3 11.axb3 Nge7 or 10.Bxc6+ bxc6 11.Qe2+ Qxe2+ 12.Kxe2 Ne7. If Black avoids steering for Capablanca's ending, e.g. with 6...Nf6 or 7...0-0-0 in the above lines, then White obtains good piece play in return for the isolated d-pawn. White can deviate with 6...Bg4 7.Nc3, with the idea of meeting 7...Bb4 with 8.a3 (or 6...Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Bg4 8.a3) or the rare 5.Bd3, neither of which promise an advantage but which avoid those endings.

Other ways of declining
Black can also decline with 4...Nf6, transposing to a line of the Ponziani Opening. The continuation 5.e5 Ne4 was endorsed by Dangerous Weapons, 1.e4 e5 (Everyman Chess, 2008), but Tim Harding considers 5...Nd5 a better try for equality, when White can continue 6.Bb5 a6 7.Ba4 Nb6 8.Bb3, 6.Qb3, 6.Bc4 or 6.cxd4. Another possibility is 4...Nge7 intending 5...d5, when the critical continuation is 5.Bc4 d5 6.exd5 Nxd5 7.0-0. According to IM John Watson, Black may be able to equalise with 7...Be7. Declining with 4...d3, however, allows White some advantage after 5.Bxd3 d6 6.Bf4 Be7 7.h3 Nf6 8.Nbd2 Bd7 9.Qc2 according to Batsford Chess Openings 2.

One-pawn gambit: 4...dxc3 5.Nxc3
If Black accepts the gambit with 4...dxc3, White can commit to sacrificing only one pawn with 5.Nxc3. Black's most critical response is generally considered to be 5...Bb4, when White does not get enough compensation after 6.Bc4 d6 7.0-0 Bxc3 8.bxc3 Nf6!, when 9.Ba3 Bg4 is insufficient and 9.e5 Nxe5 10.Nxe5 dxe5 11.Qb3 (11.Qxd8+ Kxd8 12.Bxf7 Ke7 is also good for Black) 11...Qe7 12.Ba3 c5 does not give enough compensation for two pawns. White can deviate with 7.Qb3, when the old main line runs 7...Qe7 8.0-0 Bxc3, and here 9.Qxc3 gives White good compensation. Thus both John Watson and USCF master Mark Morss recommend 7...Bxc3+, in order to meet 8.Qxc3 with 8...Qf6! when White loses too much time with the queen. Thus White often continues 8.bxc3 when 8...Qe7 9.0-0 Nf6 can be met by 10.e5 (transposing back to lines arising from 7.0-0 Bxc3 8.bxc3 Nf6 9.e5, though these are insufficient for White) or the relatively unexplored 10.Bg5. Other deviations for White include 7.Ng5 and 6.Bg5.

Black's main alternative is 5...d6, which usually leads to complications and approximately equal chances after 6.Bc4 Nf6 7.Qb3 Qd7 8.Ng5 Ne5 9.Bb5 c6 10.f4, or 7.Ng5 Ne5 8.Bb3 h6 9.f4. 5...Bc5 is also playable, transposing to the Scotch Gambit after 6.Bc4 but cutting out the Bxf7+ possibility. 5...Nf6 6.Bc4 can transpose back to 5...d6 lines after 6...d6, or Black can attempt to transpose to 5...Bb4 lines with 6...Bb4, but this allows 7.e5 d5 8.exf6 dxc4 9.Qxd8+ Nxd8 10.fxg7 Rg8 11.Bh6.

Double-pawn gambit: 4...dxc3 5.Bc4
Alternatively, White can transpose into the Danish by offering a second pawn with 5.Bc4 cxb2 6.Bxb2, an approach which John Emms considers far more dangerous for Black. If Black does not accept the second pawn with 5...cxb2, then White can avoid Black's most critical response to 5.Nxc3 (5...Bb4 6.Bc4 d6). For instance, after 5...d6, White's best is 6.Nxc3, transposing back to the 5.Nxc3 d6 line. 5...Nf6 6.Nxc3 transposes to the 5.Nxc3 Nf6 line, 5...Bb4 is well met by 6.0-0 or 6.bxc3 (transposing to the Scotch Gambit), 5...Bc5 also transposes to the Scotch Gambit while 5...Be7?! (which is well met by 6.Qd5) transposes to the Hungarian Defence.

Thus Black's most critical response is to take the second pawn with 5...cxb2 6.Bxb2. Unlike in the Danish proper, having committed the to c6, Black cannot safely meet 6.Bxb2 with 6...d5. Instead, play often continues 6...d6 7.0-0 Be6 8.Bxe6 fxe6 9.Qb3 Qd7 or 7.Qb3 Qd7 8.Bc3 Nh6. 6...Bb4+ is the main alternative for Black, whereupon an approach with castling is considered dangerous for Black, e.g. 7.Nc3 Nf6 8.Qc2 d6 9.0-0-0.

title: Scotch Game


text:
Novato High School

Novato High School (NHS) is a public high school located in Novato, California, in Marin County. It is one of three high schools part of the Novato Unified School District.

History
Built in 1955 and founded in 1957, three years before Novato was incorporated as a city, it is one of two comprehensive high schools in the Novato Unified School District, the other being San Marin High School.

Demographics
Since the mid-1980s, the school's student population has ranged from 1000 to 1200 students. In the 2018–2019 school year, the demographic distribution was as follows: Caucasian (46.7%), Latino (38.1%), Asian/Other Asian (6.2%), Two or More Races (4.7%), African American (2.8%), Native American (1.1%) and Pacific Islander (0.4%).

Campus
NHS rests on a 38-acre site, with two gymnasiums, a Lecture Hall/Performing Arts Center, three computer centers, a library with a computer lab, dance studio, weight room, locker rooms, a wing for visual art classrooms, and a wing for music classrooms. Outdoor facilities include tennis courts, basketball courts, softball diamond, baseball stadium, turf football stadium with a track, soccer field, and a newly renovated swimming pool.

One of the most exciting aspects of the climate and culture of the school is the dynamic Leadership class (ASB). Another student-led organization on campus is the Link Crew (since 2015). Link Crew has 11 and 12 grade students act as mentors and role models for the incoming 9 grade class to help in the transition from middle to high school.

Curriculum
Novato High School has several comprehensive academic program including college preparatory courses, Honors and Advanced Placement classes, fine and performing arts classes, and industrial arts courses. Novato High School also provides support services such as the English Language Development (ELD) Programs for those students who require additional resources. Advanced Placement offerings include: AP Music Theory, AP Art History, AP Human Geography, AP European History, AP US History, AP Government, AP Economics, Calculus AB/BC, AP Biology, AP Physics, AP Stats, AP English Language, AP English Literature, AP Studio Art and AP Spanish.

Novato High School is home to the Marin Design Center, which houses the Product Design and Programming classes. This innovative College and Career pathway program gives students the resources and opportunity to take their talent and ingenuity to the next level with guidance from Mr. Glenn Corey. NHS Product Design students will get the training necessary to advance on to Engineering, Robotics, Design, Physics, and Programming in college or eventually receiving certification for employment.

Performing and visual arts
Marin School of the Arts (MSA) has many notable programs, including Dance, Theatre, Musical Theatre, Visual Arts, Creative Writing, Film, and a music program that includes 3 jazz bands, a concert band, a symphonic band, and chamber and rock groups. Jazz and music studies is currently headed by Grammy nominated musician, Dr Greg Johnson. The Rock Band program is run by Scott Thunes, bassist for Frank Zappa. MSA was founded in 2003 by Mark Peabody.

Athletics
Novato competes in the Marin County Athletic League (MCAL). Novato is a member of the North Coast Section(NCS) of the California Interscholastic Federation.

Lacrosse
The girls' lacrosse program has won both the MCAL and NCS (division 1) title four years in a row, spanning from 2015 to 2018. The program has been dominant with an overall record of 95–5 in these four years. In the early 2010s, the team petitioned to play up in the strongest division of the NCS (division 1) for all four of these championships. The 2016 team was undefeated and ranked #24 nationally. The team's national presence increased in 2017, the team was ranked #12 in the nation and #2 in California. By 2018, the teams’ national ranking increased to #8 and topped the 4-peat off with a #1 overall ranking in the state.

The boys' lacrosse program has won three (MCAL) county championships, once in 2005 and again in 2011, and once more in 2013. In 2013, they went on to go to the NCS final, where they once again met Redwood, this time in the championship, where they lost.

Both the Boys' and Girls' programs have Varsity and JV teams.

Football
The Hornets football program went to six NCS Division 2A/3 championships in 7 years, winning in 2002, 2005, 2006 & 2007. On Dec. 9th, 2007, the varsity football team was elected to play in California's Div. II State Championship in Carson, CA. Novato lost to Oceanside of San Diego, 28–14 after a significant loss of their quarterback due to leg injury.

Novato's most recent notable season for varsity was 2014 as they were crowned MCAL champions. 2017 is the most notable for Junior Varsity, as they went 7–2. Novato has not had a freshman team since 2015, yet won the Freshman MCAL title in 2013 and 2011.

In July 2017, Novato's varsity football team was dropped due to lack of summer turnout. The school's loss gained local media coverage and was revived due to a player and parent push for fellow students to fill the spots of the team.

The program has both JV and Varsity teams.

Soccer
The boys' soccer team came in first in the North Coast Section tournament for the first time in school history in 2007 beating Marin Catholic 1–0. As of the 2018–19 season, Novato had both Varsity and Junior Varsity for Boys and Girls' programs.

Baseball
The baseball program has won four MCAL titles and won the North Coast Section championship in the spring of 2007.

Novato offers both JV and Varsity teams as of 2023.

In 2020, spearheaded by the class of 2020 and parents alike, Novato’s baseball field was resurfaced with turf while its surrounding facilities were given a thorough facelift.

Basketball
The girls' basketball program won the California state Div. II championship in the 1986 season, in which they went undefeated, 35–0. In the 2017–18 season, the boys' program had Freshman, JV, and Varsity teams, with the Varsity team making playoffs for the first time in 6 years. The girls' program had a JV and Varsity team, with Varsity notably going deeper into playoffs than in previous years.

On December 3, 2019, the Boy's varsity team beat cross town rival San Marin for the first time in five years.

Water polo
The Novato High School Varsity Water Polo team received third place at the county level. Both the boys' and girls' programs had JV and Varsity teams in the fall 2017 season. (Marin County Athletic League) in 2005 and 2006..

Wrestling
The varsity wrestling team won the MCAL league title in 2012 and 2014, 2012 being the first MCAL title since 1993. The 1969 wrestling team, coached by the "Father of Marin wrestling", Ralph Cutler, won the NorCal championship tournament led by undefeated twin brothers, Ken & Kirt Donaldson. The Donaldson's were named Co-Outstanding Wrestlers, and subsequently attained NCAA Division I All-American status for the USAF Academy in 1971. Three-sport athlete Paul Robertson, was the 141 lbs. NorCal wrestling champion in 1970.

Cheer and dance
Novato has both Varsity and JV Cheer and Dance teams. Competing in various seasons throughout the year, the program supports both football and basketball at home games.

The program won three national competition championships in 4 years; in 2016 and 2018–19.

Notable athletes
Competitive sailor and Olympian John Kostecki attended Novato High School.

Future football coach and former Novato quarterback Mike Moroski went on to play at UC Davis and was their first quarterback to achieve active status in the NFL. He played for Atlanta (1979–84), Houston (1985) and San Francisco (1986), and coached at UC Davis from 1987 to 2012 before being named the head coach for College of Idaho on January 9, 2013. Additionally, Moroski was a star pitcher for the Novato and the UC Davis baseball teams, and was enshrined into the UC Davis Athletic Hall of Fame in 1985.

Olympic water polo player, Ellen Estes, played both for Stanford and Team USA, enshrined in the USA Water Polo Hall of Fame in 2012.

Notable alumni

 * Amory Kane (1964), recording artist
 * Mike Moroski (1975), NFL quarterback from UC Davis
 * Yvonne Cagle (1977), M.D., NASA Astronaut
 * Eric Shanower (1981), author, cartoonist
 * John Kostecki (1982), Olympic sailor
 * Ellen Estes (1996), Olympic and collegiate water polo player who won the 2002 NCAA National Championship for Stanford University, and silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics and bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics for the USA National Women's Water Polo Team
 * Anna Wise (2009), Singer known best for collaborating with Kendrick Lamar
 * Wil Dasovich (2009), television personality, model and YouTube vlogger
 * Seth Morris, actor and comedian

title: Novato High School


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jason morgan

Jason morgan
Vanity, nonsense. Sander123 09:36, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text: Talk:Andong Science College

title: Talk:Andong Science College