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User talk:Jag123

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Archive 1

Enzymes etc
Hi Jag123, I like all your enzyme work. I've been doing a lot of enzymes lately, which is much outside my own field but a lot of fun. Wikipedia has quite good molecular biology, but there is still a lot of work to be done. I like the fact that we can easily link molecular biology with relevant diseases, making it a very powerful system. JFW | T@lk  15:28, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I am not at all opposed to an enzyme box that contains all relevant info. It would go a long way in collating useful information, although we have to be careful not to try too much at the same time. JFW | T@lk  00:29, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I'd be a bit careful with what "all relevant info" means. You don't want to get into the position of replicating a Swissprot record in the box, I wouldn't think. (example publically available Swissprot record) Courtland 00:48, 2005 Feb 14 (UTC)

 * continued @ User_talk:Ceyockey Courtland 04:07, 2005 Feb 14 (UTC)

Nuclear fusion
Hi, just to let you know I just undid your revert on the nuclear fusion article. I almost reverted it myself when I saw the change - anon edit to a number like that does set the alarm bells ringing! But in fact the edit looks to be accurate - certainly the numbers didn't add up before, and either 75,000 needed to be changed to 7,500, or 0.1MeV would have to be 1MeV. I don't know for certain but I am pretty sure 0.1MeV is right, and so 7,500 was also correct. Worldtraveller 17:19, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Deletion of useless stub templates and stub categories
Could you explain to me what you meant by the 10 day thing? Did you mean the tally on the TFD and CFD? -- AllyUnion (talk) 23:05, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Er... oops... wrong user in that respect. I changed the requirements with respect to notification.  Please see the page, and let me know if you think I can make any further improvements. -- AllyUnion (talk) 23:14, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If that is the case, we have to decide a guideline. Not to interrupt stub sorting in any manner, but I believe that the guidelines need to be set down before we continue.  Let us face it, the English Wikipedia is nearly at 500k articles.  Without clear guidelines for our sorting project, we will have far more problems when the English Wikipedia goes beyond that 500k level. -- AllyUnion (talk) 23:06, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Geo-stubs
Hi Jag123, No offense intended, but it's going to slow down the stub sorting if I have to go and correct a lot of the stubs you do! Please remember that geo-stubs are now largely divided by country. I'm not expecting anyone to learn all the new templates, but a few of the common ones, like UK-geo-stub, might be useful :) Grutness|hello?  00:51, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * ...I just went through a long list of stubs and anything that was a geographical location (amongst many other things) was moved to their general category. If you're familiar with all of the geographical stubs, you don't have to go through the google search, I've just given you a bunch that you can properly sort once and for all. Having every one going through the generic stubs list and/or the google search and just picking articles that suit them isn't any faster for the project... Having that said, since you've seemed to have worked with a lot of geo stubs, tell me what templates I'm most likely to encounter and I'll be sure to specify it.

True, and sorry if I sounded annoyed. You are doing good work with the stub sorting. Having said that, there are people going through the list looking for geography stubs, which is why there are very few of them in certain parts of the alphabet in the big stub list. The ones you'd be most likely to find are probably UK-geo-stub, US-geo-stub, and Canada-geo-stub. A lot of larger countries, like Canada, use "countryname-geo-stub", so that is worth trying with a preview. But any help is appreciated (even though I can seem grumpy at times!) Grutness|hello? 01:25, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Just found your note about the Falkland stubs (putting them in UK-geo-stub) - problem with getting two new messages, you only notice the last one! As you probably know, I've added a britOT-geo-stub since them, since the Faalklands and similar places were just about all that was left uncategorised. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 23:30, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Stub sorting guidelines
I sincerely believe that we really need to lay down the law in stub sorting, and really provide a guideline. I believe that we should all attempt to reach a general consensus by April 2, 2005 in a set of rules that we can follow. Once we have built a set of guidelines, we can formally create a policy out of those guidelines. We need to define what a specialized topic stub is, how many articles it should cover, when is it appropriate to create it, what defines its need for its creation, what defines its need for deletion, what criteria it should follow, what are the general steps should one take when sorting a stub, whether or not to start using subst: for all templates, whether or not use subst: for all templates created by the meta-templates, and any other matters that may come up in consideration. I thank jag123 for initially creating the subpage for the project at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject Stub sorting/Guidelines. Even though they have been discussed, I feel that we really need to confirm everything. For that, we should discuss each issue with its own sections, and raise a list of issues that we need to nail down before really continuing on. The English Wikipedia is nearly at 500k articles. Either the MediaWiki software needs to handle stubs such that they can be found with a simple union of categories, or the sorting is done manually by Wikipedians. Personally, I think the latter is less taxing on the server load, especially when we use subst:, which I think would help the Wikipedia out, performance wise. Please make your comments at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject Stub sorting/Guidelines. I apologize for making this somewhat of a spam notice, but since the project has more members, the project can finally decide on these important issues at hand. -- AllyUnion (talk) 23:24, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

NP-easy
Hi Jag123,

yesterday I changed the article about NP-easy problems. In particular, I changed the example of an NP-easy problem from sorting to co-3-SAT. Sorting can be done in polynomial time, thus it is of course an example for an NP-easy problem, but it is in no sense a helpful example since the NP-oracle is not necessary for it. I think co-3-SAT is a better example since it shows that the class of NP-easy problems contains also all problems from co-NP. Is there a reason for changing the example back to sorting?

Taiwan and Republic of China
There is also Category:Republic of China, and that's where the Category:Taiwan-related stubs should be stick to. The current government in Taipei bears the official title of "Republic of China", but not the one in Beijing. — Instantnood 18:49, Feb 19 2005 (UTC)

China-geo-stubs
There are currently 201 articles in the category of China geography stubs.

Two involves both mainland China and the ROC
 * Taiwan Strait,
 * Cathay,

16 are related to the ROC only
 * Chiayi,
 * Chungli City,
 * Cishan, Kaohsiung,
 * Douliou City,
 * Fongyuan,
 * Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan),
 * Guanmiao, Tainan,
 * Guantian, Tainan,
 * Jhubei City,
 * Jhudong, Hsinchu,
 * Kenting National Park,
 * Tsoying,
 * Wufong, Taichung,
 * Xiaonanmen Branch,
 * Yongkang City,
 * Yunlin County,

and 183 are related to mainland China only. (No article is related to Hong Kong or Macao.)

I don't think readers would recognise Category:China geography stubs covers geostubs related to the ROC, until they read the notice on the of the category, or see category's link at an ROC-related article. — Instantnood 18:53, Feb 19 2005 (UTC)
 * The current settings make Template:China-geo-stub fails to fulfill its function to include ROC-related geostubs. Most ROC-related geostubs are inserted the tag instead of  (see Category:Taiwan-related stubs), an obvious evidence that editors do hestitate to put on such a template.  — Instantnood 15:51 Feb 20 2005 (UTC)

Meta Templates harmful
Re: your various posts negative side effects of meta templates, I was wondering if converting the many stub templates to no longer use metastub or metapicstub templates, but have something <div class="boilerplate".... would help things. Will changing a stub template that is used by several hundred (or thousands) articles, cause a DoS-type attack, like you describe in Meta-templates considered harmful? Is this something that's worth doing or not really? --jag123 20:51, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Converting this is probably a good idea, and has been discussed on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Stub sorting. I would think that as long as you make the subst: conversion at an off-peak time (say 00:00-06:00 UTC), the impact might be minimal. -- Netoholic @ 21:11, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)

I think I made you misunderstand. I meant to use subst on the template. Edit "Template:Foo-stub" and replace with ... . -- Netoholic @ 04:38, 2005 Feb 23 (UTC)

Thanks.:) Best time to do it is best found by looking at the squid graphs. Of course, that does need to be a time when you're actually available.:) The lower the traffic, the less disrupton there is because the database servers will have more unused disk seeks available to process the updates. I tend not to notice updates affecting a few hundred articles, so those you can probably do whenever is convenient for you at any rate which works for you (well, with a few seconds between them). Ideally not at the busiest 6 hours or so though. Once it gets to 1,000 or more it's good to wait a few minutes between each update to keep the potential frustration level for other people down. At 5,000 or more it's very useful to take care to leave gaps and do it off peak. Don't be unduly concerned about disruption - short term sacrifices for ongoing improvement are worth doing even if they do inconvenience people while they are happening. Jamesday 01:23, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

James Monroe University
Jag123, it concerns me that some individuals can post erroneous opinions using words like "some critics" etc. and get away with it. But when Alumni post information to rectify the statements then we get warnings and our amendments erased. Not exactly a fair go is it!

The fact is that this African University and other Liberian Universities are trying to rectify the misinformation being spread around. How can they do that if it keeps being erased on the Wikipedia and affiliated boards? There are some individuals with hidden agendas posting on these boards trying to deliberately derail these institutions.

As far as I see that should not be allowed in a fair forum.

Thanks for allowing me to post this in reponse.

OK
I changed the info and it was erased ...is that not vandalism? I point to factual info and it gets erased. I try to edit it and it gets erased ....

Yo
Can we add porn to wikipedia? --Pleaseoso der Tarafare 09:33, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Converting Template:LGBT-stub
Thanks for converting the new stub and giving me links to the information about why it should be converted. It was my first template (and darn was I proud of it), and I simply used another stub template as my startoff point. Well, now I know better and can make these stubs even better in the future. Best regards. Sfdan 08:37, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Canada stub Templates
See the talk page of your little controversial project. --Spinboy 19:44, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

One Life to Live
Hi, I realize that the policy regarding who should be listed under cast is still ongoing but Shanelle Workman has confirmed in numerous sources that she has started taping The Bold and the Beautiful so this isn't exactly a rumor.

User:Dowew

Requests for comment/67.86.174.158
I've started an RFC about the anonymous user who has been adding anti-semitic remarks to Pontius Pilate. Since you attempted to resolve the dispute, I'd appreciate if you'd certify the RFC. It's available at Requests for comment/67.86.174.158. Thanks. Rhobite 03:14, Mar 21, 2005 (UTC)

Transwiki bot
Hey, somehow I missed your entry on my talk page from the 14th about you wanting me to transwiki the bits that were in a separate category like Category: Ready to Move to Wiktionary instead of the entries in Category:Copy to Wiktionary. If you would create a category like that and let me know where it is, and then change the template accordingly on the articles that you've formatted, I'd be happy to transwiki them once you've formatted them.

Also, were you asking me to not transwiki the articles from Category:Copy to Wiktionary? Personally, I think it's be more useful for you to format them over on Wiktionary after they've been transwikied rather than formatting them before they get moved - but whatever you want to do is fine with me. Kevin Rector 21:05, Mar 22, 2005 (UTC)

Peer review
Hey, Jag123, at least from my horizon, we seem to have unconsciously been collaborating quite smoothly at creating a new Sesame Street peer review page and moving the listing to the right place! At least, for my part, I didn't even get an edit conflict, I hope you didn't either. It took me a little while to make the subpage, since there was an old request page in the way, so I suppose we were quite lucky it worked so well. 2 minutes apart in the history, congratulations to us both! :-) --Bischånen|Tåk 19:41, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Public domain image problems
Hi there! I noticed that you have placed some of your image contributions in the public domain. Unfortunately, it turns out that one can't place their work in the public domain, and so these image tags have been deprecated. I encourage you to replace the public domain tags on your images with free-use tags, which are similar in spirit, such as CopyrightedFreeUse-User. Please reply on my talk page or Wikipedia talk: You can't grant your work into the public domain if you have any questions. Thanks. Deco 23:43, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Why the deletion?
Why did You delete the material on the use of osteons in ageing, sexing, etc.?

Osteon history note is not incorrect
I don't know why you think it appears incorrect. For references, see, e.g., D. Ruscillo (ed.) Ageing and Sexing in Zooarchaeology. Oxbow Press. Okeh, the formatting is wrong, but I can't help that: I have written before that Wik is hard to understand - I followed the directions - sometimes the formatting is ofkeh, sometimes it isn't - I don't know why.

Help!
Hi, Jag.

You offered to help. My first question is how do I use the help page. When I open up to the dialogue page, I cannot type in the heading or body spaces - How do I activate them.

Another question: When I enter text in for a new article, sometimes it appears messed up, and sometimes it appears the way I typed it. What are the secrets of formatting? Wik is so complicated and convoluted that I have a hard time finding the simplest instructions (and can't remember where they are unless I happen to go back there within a few days). One specific change I'd like to see (and please don't ask me to make it, since I don't know how) is to have a separate listing for adding articles rather than hiding that information (which is unclear enough) under "editing." (Sorry if this is a repeat.) 211.225.32.225 07:56, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Whoops
So, why isn't my login giving my username (kdammers) rather than the i.p. number? The text I just wrote is an example of what sometimes (but not always) happens to my texts. 211.225.32.225 07:59, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Stem cells
Could you just take a look on the discussion page on Pluripotential hemopoietic stem cell. Believe some word are incorrect.

Regarding 'Pluripotential Hemopoietic Stem Cell'.
The definitions of the CFUs contradict the definitions in my histology textbook. Check out the talk page for details.

lots of edits, not an admin
Hi - I made a list of users who've been around long enough to have made lots of edits but aren't admins. If you're at all interested in becoming an admin, can you please add an '*' immediately before your name in this list? I've suggested folks nominating someone might want to puruse this list, although there is certainly no guarantee anyone will ever look at it. Thanks. -- Rick Block (talk) 22:57, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Featured Diagrams
There is a discussion going on at Featured picture candidates because I brought up the idea that maybe we should create a "Featured Diagram" listing similar to the Featured Pictures listing. I have long been of the mind that diagrams/charts aren't really in the same category as featured pictures, so I made the suggestion that there be a new index of charts/diagrams (possibly titled Featured Diagrams) for that type of image. I was just wondering if you had any thoughts on this? We're discussing this on the Wikipedia talk:Featured picture candidates page, so if you have any comments, please let us know. --ScottyBoy900Q 22:20, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Email?
Hi Jag, my German account doesn't work on this site, so I cannot use your email form. I would like to print one of your pictures in a magazine and kindly request you to contact me. Yours, Lumi 84.190.209.198 16:02, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

Pseudo-category on your .js page
Your monobook.js page includes the string "[ [Category:" (without the embedded space), which confuses the WP software and induces that page's inclusion in a bogus category. You might want to modify the program to read, instead, "[" + "[Category:". Matchups 04:11, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Cytochrome P450 oxidase page
The image of a structural model is labeled incorrectly. It is labeled as CYP 2E1 but it is really CYP 2C9. There hasn't been a published 2E1 model yet.

HMG-CoA fix
Thanks for your great images on cholesterol synthesis. Recently on Talk:HMG-CoA reductase pathway an anonymous user noted a small error in HMG-CoA's structure in Image:Cholesterol-Synthesis-Reaction1.png (which was extracted from Image:Cholesterol-Synthesis-Complete.png, so it needs fixing too). Basically, carbon six needs to be replaced with a hydroxyl group. If you could take a look at this, it'd be much appreciated. Best, David Iberri (talk) 14:56, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

Unspecified source for Image:Myoglobin.jpg
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French for the mentally challenged
It's no joke. Check out this Montréal website, and in particular, take a look at the "Ortograf altêrnatif". The Jade Knight 00:11, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

Image:Aconitine.png listed for deletion
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Image: Luciferase from the firefly
Hi Jag, this is Luziferase from the german Wikipedia. I like to complete the german article about the luciferase. For this I need a nice picture from the protein. Now my question: Can Iuse your picture in this article? I won't modify it or copy it for other things! I only want to present it in the german version of luciferase. Please answer me on the following page: |User talk of Luziferase. Thank you for aour time, Luziferase

Film-stub
Hi there Jag! I followed a "what links here" link to your User:Jag123/Template:WL-Stubs page. If that's for your own reference, would you mind changing movie-stub to film-stub, which is the template currently in use? Thanks - Her Pegship  (tis herself) 05:15, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Request for comments
There is a request for comments on the Robert Latimer page; please see Talk:Robert Latimer. Rosemary Amey 23:26, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Image:Sphingosine-Synthesis.png listed for deletion
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Image:Diels-alder.png listed for deletion
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Speedy deletion of Snowfall (Snowfall Trilogy)
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NowCommons: Image:Carnitine-Structure.png
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Proposed deletion of Paralyzed (song)
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 * non-notable song

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File:AngiotensinCE-1O8A.png
What is the source of, and why is the above linked image public domain?--Rockfang (talk) 01:20, 6 June 2009 (UTC)

File source problem with File:AngiotensinCE-1O8A.png
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File source problem with File:AlphaHelix.jpg
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File source problem with File:LinoleicAcid-Structural.png
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File source problem with File:OleicAcid-Structural.png
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Could you help me?
It used to be that when I typed in a topic that did not have an article, I got a prompt asking if I wanted to suggest the article. I don't get that any-more, and can't find where to suggest an article be written on, e.g., author Rachel Shukert. Do you know where and if it is still possible to make suggestions? Kdammers (talk) 06:16, 28 August 2010 (UTC)

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File:FattyAcid-MB-Hydration.png listed for deletion
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File:FattyAcid-MB-OxidationByFAD.png listed for deletion
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Categories for discussion nomination of Category:Compound images
Category:Compound images, which you created, has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the Categories for discussion page. Thank you. Leyo 18:12, 25 November 2010 (UTC)

Categories for discussion nomination of Category:Reaction images
Category:Reaction images, which you created, has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the Categories for discussion page. Thank you. Leyo 18:17, 25 November 2010 (UTC)

File source problem with File:FattyAcid-Activation.png
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Proposed deletion of Grammars

The article Grammars has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable journal. Homepage is dead link. Does not meet WP:NJournals or WP:GNG.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Randykitty (talk) 18:25, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

Other events of 2004 listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Other events of 2004. Since you had some involvement with the Other events of 2004 redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 03:22, 20 August 2015 (UTC)

Other events of 2003 listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Other events of 2003. Since you had some involvement with the Other events of 2003 redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 03:23, 20 August 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Other Chilean Regions listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Other Chilean Regions. Since you had some involvement with the Other Chilean Regions redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 00:59, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

North Koreans listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect North Koreans. Since you had some involvement with the North Koreans redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. -  C HAMPION  (talk) (contributions) (logs) 04:05, 16 December 2016 (UTC)

HRH The Duke of York listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect HRH The Duke of York. Since you had some involvement with the HRH The Duke of York redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. --Nevé–selbert 19:43, 5 August 2017 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Development Education Society

A tag has been placed on Development Education Society requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a company, corporation or organization, but it does not credibly indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please read more about what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the.  Dr Strauss   talk   20:32, 11 October 2017 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Computerized
Hello, Jag123. I wanted to let you know that I’m proposing an article that you started, Computerized, for deletion because I don't think it meets our criteria for inclusion. If you don't want the article deleted:

 * 1) [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=&action=edit edit the page]
 * 2) remove the text that looks like this:
 * 3) save the page

Also, be sure to explain why you think the article should be kept in your edit summary or on the article's talk page. If you don't do so, it may be deleted later anyway.

You can leave a note on my talk page if you have questions.

-- Aunva6talk - contribs 05:52, 5 November 2017 (UTC)

Darwin's listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Darwin&. Since you had some involvement with the Darwin's redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. — the Man in Question (in question)  20:57, 14 July 2019 (UTC)

Concern regarding Draft:Shoguns (esports)
Hello, Jag123. This is a bot-delivered message letting you know that Draft:Shoguns (esports), a page you created, has not been edited in at least 5 months. Drafts that have not been edited for six months may be deleted, so if you wish to retain the page, please edit it again or request that it be moved to your userspace.

If the page has already been deleted, you can request it be undeleted so you can continue working on it.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia. FireflyBot (talk) 21:05, 10 December 2022 (UTC)

Your draft article, Draft:Shoguns (esports)

Hello, Jag123. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "Shoguns".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been deleted. When you plan on working on it further and you wish to retrieve it, you can request its undeletion. An administrator will, in most cases, restore the submission so you can continue to work on it.

Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing. Liz Read! Talk! 20:33, 10 January 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jag123


text:
Jaroslav Velinský

Jaroslav Velinský (December 18, 1932 – February 19, 2012) was a Czech science fiction and detective writer, publisher, songwriter and musician. In the folk arena and among sci-fi friends and fans he was known as Kapitán Kid (other pseudonyms included: Václav Rabský, C.P. Stonebridge and Agáta Bílá).

Life and career
Velinský was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1932. A player of both banjo and swing guitar, he wrote more than 50 country and folk songs, including "Jenofefa", "Krinolina" and "Mary Celeste", and was one of the founders of the Czech folk festival, Porta.

His science-fiction books included Engerlings, Notes from Garth, Dzwille, and Continent of Unlimited Possibilities. He was an honorary member of the Ertar-Czech Relations Society, a science-fiction club. He wrote eight staged theater plays and more than 30 detective novels based around a detective named Ota Fink, including Dark Well, Man-eater, Death of a Midget, Lady with a Green Elephant, Very Long Stairs, Murderer's Road, Estimated Solution and others.

Velinský founded a one-man publishing house, the Club of Friends of Captain Kid, the club referring to readers of his books and fans of his music. He used the club's data and close contact with his audience to better plan his production. This concerned not just published books and CDs, but deciding between writing music or literature and also selecting themes. The result was a publishing house producing new original books and songs "on demand".

He was also a miner, metalsmith, and graphic artist.

Velinský died of lung cancer in Ústí nad Labem in February 2012, aged 79.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jaroslav Velinský


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tom Sørensen

Tom Sørensen
Tom Sørensen was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. The article was speedy deleted while discussion was underway.

Not notable. One google hit for "Tom Sørensen" "True Confession". Thue | talk 13:31, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Not notable, probable vanity. Geogre 14:58, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. There isn't even an entry for the band, so I don't see why its drummer should have a separate entry. Katefan0 16:06, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. jni 16:26, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Perhaps even less notable than Festizio above. Gsd97jks 16:39, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: Category:Martial arts terminology

title: Category:Martial arts terminology


text:
Barbora Bobuľová

Barbora Bobuľová (born 29 April 1974) is a Slovak-born Italian actress. She has lived and worked mainly in Italy since 1995.

Life and work
Born in Martin, Bobuľová trained at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava before moving to Italy in 1995. She made her feature film debut in the Italian film The Prince von Homburg, that was selected to represent Italy at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.

For her work in the 2005 film Cuore Sacro (Sacred Heart), she won Best Actress Awards at the David di Donatello awards, the Ciak d'oro awards and Audience Award for Best Actress at the Flaiano Film Festival in Pescara. In 2006 she received the Nastro Europeo at the Nastro d'Argento (Silver Ribbon) awards from the Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists.

Bobuľová's additional film credits include The Vanity Serum, Check and Mate, Mirka, Poor Liza, That's It and Green Ashes. American television audiences know Bobuľová from her starring role in the Hallmark Hall of Fame movie In Love and War, where she plays Eric Newby's girlfriend Wanda. Her additional TV credits include the Italian miniseries La Cittadella, La guerra è finita and Crociati. In 2008, Bobuľová co-starred with Shirley MacLaine in Coco Chanel.

In addition to her native Slovak, Bobuľová is fluent in Czech, Italian, and English.

Personal life
Barbora had two daughters, Lea (in 2007) and Anita (in 2008) with her partner, assistant director Alessandro Casale.

title: Barbora Bobuľová


text:
Ford MTX-75 transmission

The Ford MTX-75 (Manual [sic] TransaXle) is a 5-speed transmission developed by Ford Motor Company for its larger-engined front wheel drive models. "75" refers to the distance in millimeters between the main and lay shafts.

Debuting in 1992, the transmission was developed in tandem with the Zetec family of engines. The transmission is optimised for transferring larger levels of torque than the older iB-series unit used on the Fiesta and Escort models. Other features include the provision of equal length driveshafts (to combat torque steer) and synchromesh on reverse gear.

The transmission was first used on the Zetec-engined Escort Mk V (only XR3i), but its proper intended application was on the Mondeo and its derivatives (the American Ford Contour, Mercury Mystique and the New Edge Mercury/Ford Cougar). The 2000-2004 Focus with 2.0 litre Zetec engine, and the 2.3 liter Duratec engine with manual used this transmission, as well as all diesel powered versions of the Focus. It was also used in the 2.5 and 3.0 V6 versions of the manual transmission equipped Jaguar X-Type.

The main change to the unit was to cable operation in 1996 on the facelifted Mondeo, as the rod-based linkage of the original unit attracted criticism for feeling vague and notchy.

The open differential can be replaced by a plated or ATB Differential for motorsport use - Kaaz, Torsen, MFactory and Quaife offer suitable units.

VXT-75
The VXT-75 gearbox is a modified version of the MTX-75, used in the Galaxy (1995–2006) and Transit (2000–) models.

title: Ford MTX-75 transmission


text:
Hyundai Santro

The Hyundai Santro is a city car produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai between 1998 and 2014. The nameplate was revived in 2018 to replace the Eon, and was produced until 2022. The "Santro" nameplate was applied during its first generation to the Atos Prime model, while the second generation is a standalone model.

Hyundai derived the name Santro for the Indian market from Saint-Tropez, a French city famous for fashion, because the company wanted to project it as a ‘fashionable’ car.

First generation (MX; 1998)
The first generation Santro was introduced in 1998 and went on sale in early 1999. It was also sold in Europe as the Atos Prime and in South Korea and Indonesia as the Kia Visto. It was also known as the Santro Zip in India from 1998 to 2006.

Before the Kia Visto was replaced by the Kia Picanto in 2004, the facelifted Santro was launched in 2003. It was known as the Santro Xing in India from 2003 to 2014.

Second generation (AH2; 2018)
The second generation Santro was launched on 23 October 2018 in India. This marked the return of the Santro nameplate in India after four years since the last generation was discontinued and nearly twenty-five years since the start of production. It was positioned below the Hyundai i10. The model was powered by a 1.1-litre Epsilon G4HG petrol which produces 69 hp at 5,500 rpm and 10.1 kg.m torque at 4,500 rpm. A bi-fuel version of the engine that uses both petrol and CNG is also available. Transmission options consisted of a 5-speed manual and a 5-speed automated manual.

It was one of the Top 3 Urban World Cars of 2019.

The second generation Santro was discontinued in 2022.

Safety
The Indian version of the Santro with driver airbag scored 2 stars for adult and child occupant protection in the Global NCAP's frontal offset crash tests under its Safer Cars for India project in 2019 (similar to Latin NCAP 2013).

title: Hyundai Santro


text:
Academia Cațavencu

Academia Cațavencu (, "The Cațavencu Academy") is a Romanian satirical magazine founded in 1991 and made famous by its investigative journalism. Academia Cațavencu also owns Radio Guerrilla, an FM radio station with national coverage ; Tabu, a women's magazine, Superbebe, a magazine for new parents, Aventuri la pescuit, a magazine for fishermen, 24-FUN, a free magazine for teenagers, and Cotidianul, a daily newspaper.

In a surprise move, on May 29, 2006, Academia Cațavencu press group announced it was being acquired by Realitatea Media, owners of Realitatea TV, and controlled by controversial and elusive businessman Sorin Ovidiu Vântu. Vântu himself has often been a target of enquiries by Cațavencu journalists.

Name
Nae Cațavencu is a character in Ion Luca Caragiale's 1883 comedy O scrisoare pierdută ("A Lost Letter"). An unscrupulous, demagogue politician, Cațavencu uses his newspaper Răcnetul Carpaților ("The Yell of the Carpathians") to blackmail politicians of the opposing party with a compromising love letter that he finds.

History
In its current form, Academia Cațavencu was founded in 1991, by a team of humourists, investigators, and literates headed by poet and former dissident Mircea Dinescu. Part of the team had previously edited two short-lived satirical papers, Cațavencu Incomod and Cațavencu Internațional.

Dinescu was editor-in-chief until 1998, when he resigned and went on to create his own publications, Aspirina săracului ("The poor man's aspirin" – a joking reference to sexual intercourse), and Plai cu boi (Land of the Dumb), a monthly satirical magazine parodying the style of Playboy.

Current activities
Academia Cațavencu have been long-time press freedom advocates. They maintain a "press monitoring agency", a watchdog against manipulation through mass-media.

During the 2004 election campaign, Academia Cațavencu published as supplements two parody issues of Scânteia (the old-time Romanian Communist Party newspaper), containing reprints of articles written by important current day politicians during the Communist era. Almost 40,000 copies were bought in bulk from newsagents, along with other newspapers. The alleged perpetrators were representatives of the then-governing Social Democratic Party (PSD), whose (mostly former Communist) high members (including founder and former President of Romania Ion Iliescu) were protagonists of the Cațavencu special issues.

Apart from political issues, Academia Cațavencu organises and/or sponsors a number of cultural and environmental initiatives:
 * Save the Danube Delta
 * Save Vama Veche
 * Cu papucii prin deșert ("Across the Desert in slippers", a reference to the Dacia car hatchback model) – a humanitarian expedition through the Sahara and down to Senegal

They also develop their own stereotypes and nicknames of the politicians, such as:
 * Ion Iliescu "Nelu Cotrocelu" or "Bunicuța" ("The Granny") – associated with the Cotroceni Palace owl
 * Adrian Năstase "Bombonel" ("Candy Boy") – in reference to his alleged homosexuality
 * Traian Băsescu "Popeye Marinarul" ("Popeye the Sailor") – due to Băsescu's former job as a commercial navy captain
 * Theodor Stolojan "The robot", "Robocop" or "Frankie" – due to his voice and comic resemblance to the classic image of Frankenstein's monster
 * Petre Roman – suggests that he is rather popular among the female workers of the APACA textile factory in Bucharest (whom they reported shouting once: Nu vrem bani! Nu vrem valută! Vrem pe Roman să ne fută! ("We don't want money! We don't want hard currency! We want Roman to fuck us!").
 * Gheorghe Dumitrașcu – suggests that he washes infrequently
 * Nicolae Văcăroiu "Votcăroiu" – allegedly heavy drinker of "Săniuța", a low-grade brand of vodka (votcă)
 * Șerban Mihăilescu "Miki Șpagă" ("Mickey Bribe") – corruption allegations
 * Marian Vanghelie – he has poor grammatical skills, as coined by Vanghelie's frequent and indiscriminate use of Care este ("Which is"), as a predicate for singular and plural subjects alike.

title: Academia Cațavencu


text:
Paul Day (musician)

Paul Mario Day (born 19 April 1956) is an English singer who was the original lead vocalist of heavy metal band Iron Maiden from 1975 to 1976.

Iron Maiden
Day was the first lead singer for Iron Maiden from December 1975 to October 1976. On the Iron Maiden The Early Days DVD it was mentioned that Day was fired because he did not have enough stage charisma. He was replaced by Dennis Wilcock. Years later he claimed co-authorship of the Iron Maiden song "Strange World".

Further activities
He later formed a band called More that played at the Donington Monsters of Rock Festival in 1981, and also had onetime Iron Maiden guitarist Paul Todd (who was in Iron Maiden for two days and never recorded or played live and only did a photo session with them), Def Leppard drummer Frank Noone in the line-up. He was lead singer of Wildfire in 1983 to 1984. In 1985 the Sweet were re-formed by Andy Scott and Mick Tucker then featuring Paul Day. He recorded a live album at the Marquee Club in London as lead singer of Sweet in 1986. After this engagement he has lived in Australia since 1986 and is the lead vocalist of two bands from Newcastle, New South Wales. He has performed covers of rock songs with the band Defaced and sang and wrote for Crimzon Lake, now disbanded, an unsigned hard rock band. Currently he is in contact with the Australian progressive metal band Buffalo Crows in appearance as a guest musician. He is still claimed to be a New Wave of British Heavy Metal-Style musician.

In 2013, Day recorded vocals for a jingle for Canberra Toyota, a Toyota car dealership located in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.

Recently, Day is reported to live in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.

Trivia
42 years after Iron Maiden had been formed, the original 1975-line-up by Steve Harris met in London at 29 December. Only the former drummer Ron Matthews was absent, but Paul Mario Day (vocals), Dave Sullivan and Terry Rance (guitars) appeared.

More
Atlantic:
 * Warhead, 1981
 * Blood & Thunder, 1982
 * Fire, (Single) 1981
 * We Are The Band, 1981
 * Trickster (7"), 1982

Wildfire
Mausoleum Records:
 * Brute Force And Ignorance, 1983
 * Summer Lightning, 1983
 * Jerusalem (7", Single), 1984
 * Nothing Lasts Forever (7"), 1984

The Sweet

 * live at Marquee

Crimson Lake

 * Crimzon Lake (CD, EP), Not On Label (Crimzon Lake), 2011

Buffalo Crows

 * Buffalo Crows (with Paul Mario Day) - Defenders, LP 'Bovonic Empires'

Compilation

 * Brute Force & Ignorance + Summer Lightning (2xCD, Comp), Golden Core, 2020
 * Guilty; Various - Cart & Horses The Birthplace Of Iron Maiden - Wasted Year 2020 (CD, Comp); Not on Label; 2021

title: Paul Day (musician)


text:
La Chapelle-Bouëxic

La Chapelle-Bouëxic (Chapel-ar-Veuzid) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.

It is located southwest of Rennes between Pont-Péan and Guer.

Population
Inhabitants of La Chapelle-Bouëxic are called Chapellois in French.

title: La Chapelle-Bouëxic


text:
Johann Wilhelm Schirmer

Johann Wilhelm Schirmer (5 September 1807 in Jülich – 11 September 1863 in Karlsruhe) was a German landscape artist born in Jülich, within the Prussian Duchy of Jülich.

Biography
Schirmer was started as a student of historical painting under Schadow at the academy of Düsseldorf. Later, he came under the influence of Carl Friedrich Lessing and landscape painting and began painting historical landscapes in the manner of Nicolas Poussin. He became known as one of the first of the Düsseldorf school of painting.

In 1830 he became an Assistant Professor, and later, in 1839, a Professor at the Düsseldorf Academy. In the meantime, he visited and painted in Belgium, the Black Forest, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Normandy and Italy. In 1854, he took up the role of a Director at the Art School at Karlsruhe, where he died.

This artist is sometimes confused with August Wilhelm Ferdinand Schirmer, who had similar interests, and belonged to the same era. In addition, both were known by the name Wilhelm Schirmer, and were students of Wilhelm von Schadow, although at different academic institutions.

Characteristic works
Schirmer created romantic, classical and Biblical landscapes, such as:
 * The Grotto of Egeria (1842), in the Leipzig Museum
 * Twelve Scenes from the History of Abraham (1859–62), in the National Gallery at Berlin
 * An Italian Park at Berlin
 * Nether German landscape at Leipzig
 * A series of 26 Biblical landscapes at the Düsseldorf gallery
 * Good Samaritan (1857), four landscapes at Karlsruhe

title: Johann Wilhelm Schirmer


text: User talk:83.16.16.194

title: User talk:83.16.16.194


text:
Goring and Streatley Bridge

Goring and Streatley Bridge is a road bridge across the River Thames in England. The bridge links the twin villages of Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, and Streatley, Berkshire, and is adjacent to Goring Lock.

The present bridge was built in 1923, and is in two parts: The western bridge is from Streatley to an island in the river (overlooking The Swan hotel, once owned by Danny La Rue); The eastern bridge is from the island to Goring and overlooks Goring Lock. The bridge consists of timber struts supporting a metal roadway.

Both the Thames Path and The Ridgeway cross the Thames on this bridge.

A bridge was first built here in 1837 being a flat timber bridge of beams on posts. Prior to this there was a ferry although occasionally people would ride across, even driving in a one-horse chaise. In 1674 the ferry turned over in the weir pool with the loss of sixty lives. In the 1970s a Citroën Dyane crashed through the railings at the Streatley end of the bridge landing on a concrete weir 16 feet below. The local Citroën dealer used the photo to illustrate the inherent strength of their upmarket 2CV.

title: Goring and Streatley Bridge


text:
Talk:Hakata ramen

Does this really deserve an article? I can't see how hakata-men is any more than a popular regional variation of tonkotsu ramen. I don't see how hakata-men is any more important than, say, sapporo ramen. Talking about hakata/fukuoka as the "capital" of ramen may be relevant, but hakata-men hardly seems worthy of an article.-Zubari 13:48, 2004 Dec 12 (UTC)

This should be merged with the ramen page so that everyone can learn how great hakata ramen, the restaurant and the noodle, is in Los Angeles. I should get paid for this kind of advertising.

What does "tonkotsu" mean here?
I thought a tonkotsu was a Japanese tobacco-box. Equinox ◑ 14:03, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hakata ramen


text:
Ice Blade

Ice Blade (地雷震) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Tsutomu Takahashi. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Afternoon from 1992 to 1999, with its chapters collected in nineteen tankōbon volumes. The story follows Kyoya Ida, a plainclothes police officer, and his colleagues at the Shinjuku Police Department as they investigate and solve crimes in the Greater Tokyo Area. Sometimes, these crimes are solved with some prices to pay.

A sequel, titled Jiraishin Diablo, was serialized in Kodansha's Good! Afternoon from 2008 to 2011, with its chapters collected in three tankōbon volumes. It portrays Ida and his interactions with various people after his absence from the force due to an eye disease while hearing of mysterious deaths of villagers living in the fictional Amakura Island in Japan's Ishikawa Prefecture in the year 2008 while assisting a police detective in initially trying to figure out who or what was responsible for their deaths after it was reported back in 2007.

Jiraishin: Ice Blade
Kyoya Ida is a hard-nosed detective from the Shinjuku Police precinct, known to use lethal force to solve cases whenever they need to be solved. He works in a bleak, gritty representation of Shinjuku alongside his partner Tsuyoshi Yamaki in hunting down suspects and arresting them before he was killed in the line of duty. Ida was later assigned to another partner named Eriko Aizawa, the two working together to solve cases pertaining to the city's interests.

Jirashin Diablo
In the year 2008, Ida was beginning to suffer from the effects of Keratoconus after leaving the police force. He later gets wind of mysterious deaths of an unknown plague that killed the villagers in Ishikawa Prefecture's Amakura Island when he meets up with Taichi Kogure, a detective of the Ishikawa Police precinct and a now grown up Aya Koike, who is a known information handler in the underworld.

Publication
Written and illustrated by Tsutomu Takahashi, Ice Blade was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Afternoon from the 1992 to 1999 (November 1992–January 2000 issues). Kodansha collected its chapters in nineteen tankōbon volumes, released from October 23, 1993, to January 21, 2000. The series was republished in a ten-volume bunkoban edition in 2003, and in a ten-volume aizoban edition in 2009. to November 20, 2009.

The North American version of the manga, retitled Ice Blade, was serialized in Tokyopop's MixxZine, but it was discontinued after three volumes. When Jiraishin was serialized as Ice Blade in MixxZine, there were instances of censorships in some of its panels as it was a new magazine when it was released and did not wish to offend potential distributors.

It was licensed in France by Génération Comics; in Italy by Stars Comics; in Germany by Carlsen Comics; in South Korea by Samyang Comics; and in Taiwan by Tong Li Comics.

Jiraishin Diablo was serialized in Kodansha's Good! Afternoon magazine from November 7, 2008, to November 7, 2011. Kodansha collected its chapters in three tankōbon volumes, released from February 5, 2010, to December 7, 2011.

Reception
Serdar Yegulalp of Advanced Media Network compares Jiraishin to Miami Vice as the "blood, grit, and sin spatter so thickly that it's a miracle you don't get your fingers dirty when you turn the pages".

It was nominated for the 23rd Kodansha Manga Awards in the general category in 1999.

title: Ice Blade


text:
Eleftheria Arvanitaki

Eleftheria Arvanitaki (Greek: Ελευθερία Αρβανιτάκη) (born 17 October 1957 in Piraeus) is a Greek folk singer. She originates from the island of Icaria. Arvanitaki has worked with important musicians, such as Cesária Évora, Arto Tunçboyacıyan, Ara Dinkjian. On 14 March 2010 Alpha TV ranked her the sixth top-certified female artist in the nation's phonographic era (since 1960).

Career
Arvanitaki started her singing career in 1980, by joining the group Opisthodromiki Kompania (Οπισθοδρομική Κομπανία, "Retrograde Company") and in 1981 she had her first guest appearance on a CD, by being featured in the album of Vangelis Germanos titled "Ta Barakia". She broke away from the group and started a solo career in 1984 with her album Eleftheria Arvanitaki.

In August 2004, she participated in the closing ceremony of the Athens Olympics.

She has performed in several WOMAD and other festivals. In 2006 she took part in the Christmas concert "Frostroses" in Reykjavik, Iceland as a part of a group of singers named "European Divas". The other "divas" were Sissel Kyrkjebø (Norway), Eivør Pálsdóttir (Faroe Islands), Petula Clark (UK), Ragga Gisla (Iceland) and Patricia Bardon (Ireland).

Thanks to her contract with Universal Music Group's jazz label Verve Records, her music has enjoyed international release and exposure to some extent. Verve has subsequently assigned her to the EmArcy label, Universal's European jazz arm, whose focus includes developing local European talent to an international calibre. Her recordings are all generally produced under her native signing with Universal Music Greece.

She is a cousin of award-winning Greek Australian filmmaker Anthony Maras.

title: Eleftheria Arvanitaki


text: User talk:81.180.210.211

title: User talk:81.180.210.211


text:
Johann Elias Schlegel

Johann Elias Schlegel (January 17, 1719 – August 13, 1749) was a German critic and dramatic poet.

Life
Schlegel was born in Meissen. He was educated at Schulpforta and at the University of Leipzig, where he studied law. In 1743 he became private secretary to his relative, von Spener, the Saxon ambassador at the Danish court. In 1748 he was made professor extraordinary at the academy of Sorø, where he died on August 13, 1749.

Works
Schlegel was a contributor to the Bremer Beiträge and for some time, while he was living in Denmark, edited a weekly periodical, Der Fremde. With his dramas as well as with his critical writings he did much to prepare the way for Lessing, by whom his genius was warmly appreciated. He wrote two lively and well-constructed comedies, Der Triumph der guten Frauen and Die stumme Schönheit, the former in prose, the latter in alexandrines. Hermann and Canut (both in alexandrines) are generally considered his best tragedies.

His works were edited (in 5 vols., 1761–1770) by his brother, J. H. Schlegel (1724–1780), who had a considerable reputation as a writer on Danish history. Another brother, Johann Adolf Schlegel, an eminent preacher, and author of some volumes of verse, was the father of August Wilhelm and Friedrich von Schlegel.

title: Johann Elias Schlegel


text:
Site-directed spin labeling

Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) is a technique for investigating the structure and local dynamics of proteins using electron spin resonance. The theory of SDSL is based on the specific reaction of spin labels with amino acids. A spin label's built-in protein structure can be detected by EPR spectroscopy. SDSL is also a useful tool in examinations of the protein folding process.

Spin labeling

Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) was pioneered in the laboratory of Dr. W.L. Hubbell. In SDSL, sites for attachment of spin labels are introduced into recombinantly expressed proteins by site-directed mutagenesis. Functional groups contained within the spin label determine their specificity. At neutral pH, protein thiol groups specifically react with the functional groups methanethiosulfonate, maleimide, and iodoacetamide, creating a covalent bond with the amino acid Cys. Spin labels are a unique molecular reporter, in that they are paramagnetic (contain an unpaired electron). Spin labels were first synthesized in the laboratory of H. M. McConnell in 1965. Since then, a variety of nitroxide spin labels have enjoyed widespread use for the study of macromolecular structure and dynamics because of their stability and simple EPR signal. The nitroxyl radical (N-O) is usually incorporated into a heterocyclic ring (e.g. pyrrolidine), and the unpaired electron is predominantly localized to the N-O bond. Once incorporated into the protein, a spin label's motions are dictated by its local environment. Because spin labels are exquisitely sensitive to motion, this has profound effects on its EPR spectrum.

The assembly of multi-subunit membrane protein complexes has also been studied using spin labeling. The binding of the PsaC subunit to the PsaA and PsaB subunits of the photosynthetic reaction center, Photosystem I, has been analyzed in great detail using this technique.

Dr. Ralf Langen's group showed that SDSL with EPR (University of Southern California, Los Angeles) can be used to understand the structure of amyloid fibrils and the structure of membrane bound Parkinson's disease protein alpha-synuclein. A 2012 study generated a high resolution structure of IAPP fibrils using a combination of SDSL, pulse EPR and computational biology.

title: Site-directed spin labeling


text:
Talk:Toxin

NOTHING under Environmental Toxins???
Outrageous! There are so many! Toxins have been detected in babies fresh from the womb... the mothers and most of us are polluted by the very air, water, food, and world around us. Medication alone! We should all be talking about this subject. --24.82.92.62 (talk) 05:00, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

—Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.126.155.172 (talk) 04:16, 9 December 2009 (UTC)

Toxins and toxicants
For informtion: Toxins are substances that are biological in origin, whereas chemicals that harm the body are correctly called toxicants. It appears to be a common mistake to use the word toxin to mean all harmful exogenous agents rather than correctly differenciating between the two. In some cases precision is needed: for example murcury is a toxicant, but methylmercury can be produced by plankton from mercury, a biological system and it is therefore a toxin. Talking about Environmental toxins is incorrect, when we mean products of anthropogenic activity: we should talk about Enviromental toxicants. Does this differentiation serve only to confuse?

Gonzo 78.150.243.171 (talk) 10:21, 10 August 2008 (UTC)

Merge?
Should this page be merged with poison? If not, I feel the distinction between a toxin and poison should be made clearer. -- FirstPrinciples 13:57, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Most of that information should be moved elsewhere. As far as I'm concerned, a toxin is a compound produced by an organism which causes harm or injury. (some dictionaries list it as a specific product of metabolism and capable of inducing antibodies -- anyone know more about this?) There is no need for it kill quickly, efficiently or at all to qualify. Botulism is fatal in 15% of the cases and many people survive bee stings. The part about water/dietary minerals being toxic isn't relevant here. Not everything that's toxic is a toxin. I don't see toxin being more than a stub unless information from (biological) poisons is merged, along with venum, endotoxin, enterotoxin and exotoxin. --jag123 16:51, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Agreed: I've edited it accordingly to focus on "toxin" alone. raygirvan Apr 18 2005
 * I take it that all toxins are poisons, and that all toxins are toxicants. But by the definitions given in the article, it sounds like all other poisons are toxicants too.  So why have two words for the same thing (toxicant/poison), if the point of the article is to delineate toxins from all other [non-toxin] poisons? Also, from User:Jag123's comment above, it looks like the words "poisonous" and "toxic" are perfectly synonymous ("not everything that's toxic is a toxin"); could somebody please distinguish amongst these terms (poison, toxicant, toxin)? Thank you. 173.16.125.178 (talk) 14:46, 10 February 2010 (UTC)

Bacterial toxins
Is anyone familiar with bacterial toxins? Are they actually produced with the purpose of self-defense as opposed to just being present in the structural components or a by-product of its metabolism?

 * It can be both. Especially fungi makes lot of toxin for bacterial defence, and some bacteria also do it against 'each other'. But as you yourself point out, they can be byproducts of their own metabolismen, which is excreted. I study biology at the University of Copenhagen.

 * What do bacterial toxins consist of? Are they neurotoxic?  Hematotoxic?  Irritants?-Rolypolyman 00:55, 1 June 2007 (UTC)

 * There is a separate article about bacterial toxins. NighthawkJ 00:48, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Alt Med Rudeness
The *ahem* venom in the sentence on complementary medicine was way out of line with NPOV. People doing complementary medicine use a different definition of the word. Fine. You should be able to read this article without thinking that it's a scathing, non-specific attack on complementary medicine. DanKeshet 06:35, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, so don't delete it - rephrase it in a way that you see as NPOV, but without blunting the specific detail that it's not merely a different usage, but one that mainstream science considers utter BS. The different usage is a matter of observation, and it's also a matter of observation that scientists have criticised it, both on grounds of it being a misnomer and the nature of such toxins being generally unproven. RayGirvan 10:49, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The current version is much better than the old version I edited from. But when it says "mainstream scientists argue that the nature of such substances is usually unproven", that's pretty much useless. If someone wants to call mercury a "toxin", no mainstream scientist is going to argue it isn't deleterious to health, they might just say you have your terminology wrong. The current statement is just so broad it could apply to anything. DanKeshet 17:51, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Whatever the proper semantics may be, the use of toxin as a biological substance for attack/defense does seem inconsistant with the common use in alt medicine. Especially with the many questionable methods of 'detox' (what are they removing exactly, how much is there, would the body do it on its own anyway, and is it even dangerous?) what is really being dealt with needs identifying. Perhaps we should communicate this, I know it's common jargon since 'toxin' is shorter than 'toxic substances'. Perhaps this is evidence of the word definition altering in culture, and we should specify toxin to be more of a broad thing? Venom does seem more accurate in classing biological defense mechanisms. Tyciol 14:08, 4 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I noticed a "citation needed" tag on the paragraph about alternative medicine's definition of "toxin". I'm confident that Kevin Trudeau addresses that in his book "Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About - many of these "natural cures" actually involve simply staying away from these toxins - but I do not have the book on my person at the moment, so I cannot provide any direct quotations.  I do remember that Kevin Trudeau describes these manmade agents as "toxins" simply to emphasize their health-disrupting qualities in a way that the average layperson can understand, since the average layperson really doesn't give a hoot about how the word "toxin" is formally used.  To your average Joe, the word "toxin" is simply a synonym for "poison", and the definition that alternative medicine uses for "toxin" merely caters to this informality.  --Luigifan (talk) 14:19, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Furthermore, the various "detoxes" are simply meant to help the body to get rid of the toxins. Alternative medicine does not claim that its techniques cure the body's ills (partially because that's technically not true, and partially because the pharmaceutical industry has explicitly threatened to sue the very life out of alternative-medicine-practitioners if they claim to have a better success rate than "conventional" medicine.)  What alternative medicine can promise is that their techniques help the body to cure itself, since the human body is really the only thing capable of repairing itself.  --Luigifan (talk) 14:24, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Toxin, Poison, Toxic
It would seem that "toxin" is being confused with "poison" and with "toxic". Several comments are actually about toxic substances, e.g., "mercury" is a toxic substance. However, toxins are normally poisons that are produced by bioligical means. Snake venom, botulinin toxin (common food poisoning), etc. I will try to clarify some of the paragraphs as time allows. This is only a subtle difference, but when researching one will quickly find the terms used in a clear range in significant articles. El guero "Wayne"
 * You're absolutely right. I corrected the article by merging with biotoxin (redundant) and copyediting appropriately. – ClockworkSoul 02:08, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

Phycotoxin inclusion
I wonder if the word 'phycotoxin' should appear in this definition. there is no separate entry for this word, yet I came across this word in a book proposal today. it is basically a synonym for 'seafood toxin' zuzubel 19:54, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Verrucotoxin inclusion
The type of toxin in venomous fish. Another one is Stonustoxin. Don't know enough about this subject. Perhaps this belongs in in Neurotoxin.Johnvr4 (talk) 03:46, 21 January 2014 (UTC)

Toxoids
Not accurate to say that "When toxins are generated by bacteria, they are called toxoids." Toxoids are toxins that have been modified to make them non-harmful without removing their ability to induce an immune response (as, in fact, described on the Wikipedia page for toxoids). Sophisticated penguin 15:11, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I took the toxoid information out and added "Toxoid" to the "Also See" section. The first part of what I removed was clearly in conflict with the "Toxoid" article, and the part pointing the error out says that the line above is "plain wrong" and so, is out of place.  Besides, if toxoids are not toxins then there is little reason to include it, right?

Here it is: ''The phrase "When toxins are generated by bacteria, they are called toxoids" is plain wrong, although toxoids are indeed of bacterial origin (eg from C. diphtheriae or C. tetani), the term toxoid stems from tox-oid (toxin-like). Toxoids are defined correctly as modified toxins that have lost their specific activity but still can be used to induce antibodies recognizing and neutralizing the authentic toxins. This restricts the use of "toxoid" to Diphtheria and Tetanus and the respective vaccines.'' --Globalist1789 21:00, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

Vira = Toxins?
As the text points out, toxins are biological substances made by cells. But does this mean that virus' are also toxins? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 80.165.143.108 (talk) 14:45, 22 February 2007 (UTC).

 * No, because the production of viral particles by an infected cell is a result of a specific pathological process, a viral infection. The definition of viruses as living organisms is problematic, as because they have no own metabolism, can't multiply without host cell and are not cells at all. Yet, viruses are clearly considered by most (in fact all known to my) biologist to be one of the lowest forms of life (along with prions), therefore, a virus is considered to be an organism.

Toxin is also considered a defined molecule; viruses are not defined molecules, they are composed of more, if not many, molecules.--84.163.109.68 22:35, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 16:32, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

My class needs antonyms for toxin. can you write it here? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Catwoman7770 (talk • contribs) 22:42, 19 October 2008 (UTC)

The info of PSP toxins...
--58.38.42.115 (talk) 06:16, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+paralytic+shellfish+poisoning+toxin&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 06:18, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+paralytic+shellfish+poisoning+toxins&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

The infos of ASP toxin

 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+amnesic+shellfish+poisoning+toxin&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 06:35, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+amnesic+shellfish+poisoning+toxins&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

The infos of DSP toxins...

 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+diarrhetic+shellfish+poisoning+toxin&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=2003&as_vis=0

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 06:59, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+diarrhetic+shellfish+poisoning+toxins&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=2005&as_vis=0

Red links in the See also section are based on the following...
--58.38.42.115 (talk) 07:54, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+phycotoxins&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

Toxins from meat....
--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:04, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_q=toxins+meat&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=title&as_sauthors=&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_sdt=1.&as_sdtp=on&as_sdts=5&hl=en

 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_q=uric+acid+toxin&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=title&as_sauthors=&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_sdt=1.&as_sdtp=on&as_sdts=5&hl=en

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:09, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+uric+acid+meat&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

Food toxins....
--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:14, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_q=food+toxins&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=title&as_sauthors=&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_sdt=1.&as_sdtp=on&as_sdts=5&hl=en

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:14, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+natural+food+toxins&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:15, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=allintitle%3A+natural+food+toxin&btnG=Search&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0

--58.38.42.115 (talk) 08:23, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&newwindow=1&q=festival%20hospital%20admission%20rate&oq=&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=ws

universal warning picture
Isn't this picture (used in the article) also the "universal warning symbol" for pirates? I mean, is this really the "universal warning symbol" for toxins? --159.178.246.210 (talk) 13:10, 8 December 2010 (UTC)

Dangerous substances symbol
I'm going to delete the above: it is 180° misleading, per the opening text of the article. Spicemix (talk) 19:52, 15 September 2013 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 09:07, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

Alcohol
Why isnt alcohol mentioned?

Just granpa (talk) 01:31, 5 August 2016 (UTC)

American POV is not neutral POV
Paragraph or sub-article Finding information about toxins should be removed from this article as it pertains only to US of America. English Wikipedia is for all English-understaning world, i.e. pretty much all of it, and for most of it this passus in this article is of no use or information whatsoever, contradicting so wikipedian core principles. If there were article Toxins in US of America or smth, would be OK. And really, is alcohol toxin on not? It is produced within and by living organisms, it kills some organisms, it consists of molecules, so why not? BirgittaMTh (talk) 19:40, 13 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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The Oleander Plant
The Oleander Plant Otherwise Known As The Nerium oleander, Is A dogbane family Apocynaceae And Is The Most Highly Toxic Plant, The Plant Is Found Worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas as an ornamental and landscaping plant. Touching This Plant Will Cause Serious Irritation On The Skin Or Dermatitis All Parts Of The Oleander Plant Are Considered Toxic And Inhaling A Single Leaf Of The Plant Will Cause Heart Attack And Death. Oleanders bloom from spring to fall and come in orange, pink, red, white and yellow growing From 8 To 12 Feet.

Hydrangea
Hydrangea otherwise known As Hortensia, is a genus of flowering plant of 70–75 species Other Types Of The Hydrangea Plant Include, Panicled hydrangea, French hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea, Oakleaf hydrangea, Climbing hydrangea, Tea of heaven, and the Hydrangea aspera. Side Effects Of Consuming The Plant Include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, and chest tightness.

Lily of the valley
Lily of the valley, Otherwise Written As  lily-of-the-valley Is A Woodland Flowering Plant with sweetly scented, pendent, bell-shaped white flowers Borne At Spring In Asia And Europe, The Flower Contains toxic compounds Called cardiac glycosides, which can cause symptoms such as dizziness, vomiting, rashes, and diarrhea And Can Kill You. The lily of the valley represents sweetness and the return of happiness.

Delphinium
Delphinium Is A Plant Of 300 Species, The Plant Can Grow Up to 6 feet In Length. Delphinium Is Poisonous When Inhaled And Can Kill You A Common Name For Delphinium Is Larkspur. Delphinium Is native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa.

Iris
There are more than 200 species of iris and related plants. The entire plant is toxic and can kill you. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of the rainbow, Iris Is Found In temperate Northern hemisphere zones, from Europe to Asia and across North America.

Mountain Laurel
Kalmia latifolia, commonly called mountain laurel, calico-bush, or spoonwood, is a broadleaved evergreen shrub and is poisonous, side effects happen after 6 hours of consuming Mountain Laurel And Is Deadly. Mountain Laurel is native to the eastern United States. Its range stretches from southern Maine south to northern Florida, and west to Indiana and Louisiana.

Morning Glory
Morning glory is the common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants, Fortunately, eating morning glory flowers is not dangerous, But The Seeds Are Poisonous If Consumed And Can Cause Hallucinations. There are also insects that like to eat through the leaves and stem of the morning glory.

Toxicologist Kamori (talk) 19:27, 16 October 2020 (UTC)

Brieger
Twice today I have had to restore the previous wording, as supported by Brade 1999, that Brieger was the first to use the term "toxin". Both times my edits were needed to correct your changes, unsupported by Brade 1999, indicating that Brieger was instead the first to use the term toxicant. -- Paleorthid (talk) 23:18, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

Dubious
I am dubious that the term toxin applies only to toxicants produced naturally by an organism. This would seem to exclude naturally occurring mineral toxicants in food like arsenic and cadmium. Arsenic is described as a toxin in reliable sources: WebMD, Consumer Reports, PNAS, ScienceDaily, Discover Magazine, and Eos (magazine). Paleorthid (talk) 23:40, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Update: Arsenic fits this particular dictionary definition of a toxin: "a poisonous substance that is a specific product of the metabolic activities of a living organism". because, according to the WP article on arsenic, arsenic is a toxicant in food because of redox chemistry, chemistry driven by metabolic activities of living organisms. -- Paleorthid (talk) 16:33, 20 May 2022 (UTC) Paleorthid (talk) 16:33, 20 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Update: The argument counter to my proposal: "toxin refers only to those poisonous substances that are produced biologically. Thus, arsenic is a poison but it is not generally called a toxin. Confusingly, while the noun forms “poison” and “toxin” carry a distinction that the latter are of natural origin, the adjective forms “toxic” and “poisonous” are used interchangeably. Arsenic properly can be called a “toxic chemical” or a “toxic substance.” Similarly, the term “toxicant” is often used synonymously with poison. Finally, it should be pointed out that the word “biotoxin” defined as “a poisonous substance produced by a living organism” should be considered redundant" -- Paleorthid (talk) 20:31, 20 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Toxin