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Yaletown

Yaletown is an area of Downtown Vancouver, Canada, bordered by False Creek and Robson and Homer Streets. Formerly a heavy industrial area dominated by warehouses and rail yards, since the 1986 World's Fair it has been transformed into one of the most densely populated neighbourhoods in the city.

History
Soon after the construction of bridges across False Creek in 1889, railway yards in the area were developed by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) under the leadership of William Cornelius Van Horne. Many of the CPR workers were resettled from Yale, British Columbia, named after chief trader James Murray Yale, thus the name "Yaletown". Many of the brick railway-era buildings survive to this date.

After the real-estate boom and bust cycles of the 20th century, the area became shoddy and contaminated and was bought up by the city. After Expo 86, held on neighbouring former industrial land, the whole area became ripe for development. The site was sold to Hong Kong–based developer Li Ka-shing, setting in motion the redevelopment process which continues to this day.

Planning and architecture
From the start, city planners imposed strict guidelines on the development, in particular requiring a substantial amount of development of the public realm and preservation of existing heritage stock. In part, the city's adoption of new zoning plans in the Central Area Plan (1991) also aided in the process of rejuvenation by establishing objectives of improving livability and providing for office space within Yaletown, as well as preserving its heritage structures. Thus there are generous areas set aside for parks, waterfront access, community centres, and schools. Along the shore of False Creek, the Stanley Park Seawall linear park has been continued through the area, forming its southern boundary.

While little or no original housing from the 19th century survives, several older buildings from the industrial days still exist. Hamilton Street and Mainland Street are the most significant, comprising two intact streetscapes from that era. They are lined with handsome brick warehouses built on rail platforms, many with cantilevered canopies. These have been converted into loft style apartments and offices, with boutique stores, bars and restaurants at the ground level. During the latter years of the dot com boom in the late 1990s, these streets housed Vancouver's "multimedia gulch", similar to the SOMA area of San Francisco.

Nearby, at the junction of Davie Street and Pacific Boulevard, an old brick Canadian Pacific railway roundhouse (Drake Street Roundhouse) has been converted into the Roundhouse Community Centre, which uses the old engine turntable as a small outdoor amphitheatre. In another tribute to the rail history of the area, it also houses Engine No. 374, which pulled the first passenger train into Vancouver in 1887.

Spilling around the central core of Hamilton and Mainland Streets, most other architecture in Yaletown is newly built on the old derelict yards, the vast majority in a uniform glass and concrete high-rise style. Most of these buildings are apartment blocks.

Transportation
The Aquabus and False Creek Ferries provide passenger service from Yaletown to various stops around False Creek, including Granville Island and Science World. Yaletown is served by the Yaletown–Roundhouse SkyTrain station on the Canada Line, as well as buses 6 and 23.

Education
The Yaletown waterfront is also home to Elsie Roy Elementary School, the first new elementary school to be opened in an inner-city Vancouver neighbourhood since 1975. Yaletown is also home to a number of English language schools.

title: Yaletown


text: Wikipedia:Picture of the day/December 3, 2004

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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File:VCJamesHenryFynn.jpg

Photo of Victoria Cross recipient James Henry Fynn, migrated from the Victoria Cross Reference site with permission. Photo submitted by Martin Hornby - (Gallaher Cigarette Cards).

title: File:VCJamesHenryFynn.jpg


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James Fynn

Private James Henry Finn (sometimes Fynn) VC (24 November 1893 – 30 March 1917) was a British Army soldier and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was also awarded the Order of Karageorge, which is Serbia's equivalent to the Victoria Cross.

Early life
Finn was born in St Clement near Truro, Cornwall. His father, John Finn, served in the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI) in the Boer War, and again in the Special Reserve during the First World War. James Finn served as a Territorial Force soldier with the 5th Battalion, DCLI before moving to the South Wales Valleys looking for work. He eventually found employment at the colliery at Cwmtillery near Abertillery.

Military service
On the outbreak of war in the summer of 1914, he immediately enlisted with the local regiment, the South Wales Borderers, and was duly posted to their 4th (Service) Battalion. On enlistment, his surname was incorrectly recorded as "Fynn".

On 15 July 1915, the battalion landed at Gallipoli. Fynn was wounded in the knee and chest, and invalided back to Britain. After the withdrawal from Gallipoli, the battalion had moved to Mesopotamia, and Fynn rejoined them there. He acted as orderly to the battalion's commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel G. E. Kitchen.

It was on 9 April 1916 at Sanna-i-Yat, Mesopotamia (now Iraq), that 22-year-old Private Fynn earned the Victoria Cross for his bravery.

"For most conspicuous bravery. After a night attack he was one of a small party which dug-in in front of our advanced line and about 300 yards from the enemy's trenches. Seeing several wounded men lying out in front he went out and bandaged them all under heavy fire, making several journeys in order to do so. He then went back to our advanced trench for a stretcher and, being unable to get one, he himself carried on his back a badly wounded man into safety. He then returned and, aided by another man who was wounded during the act, carried in another badly wounded man. He was under continuous fire while performing this gallant work."

Fynn was decorated with the ribbon of the VC by Lt Gen Sir Frederick Stanley Maude at Amara on 5 November 1916. On 29 March 1917 he was wounded in the leg in an engagement at Marl Plain, 50 miles north of Baghdad. He was taken by stretcher to the field ambulance the next day, but on the way he was struck in the side by another bullet, which proved fatal.

The VC was presented to his father at a public investiture in Hyde Park on 2 June 1917 by King George V.

Fynn was also mentioned in dispatches (London Gazette, 19 October 1916). He was awarded the Serbian Cross of the Karageorge (1st Class) with swords (London Gazette, 15 February 1917).

Legacy
His memorial at Basra, Iraq can be found at panel numbers 16 and 32 on the Basra Memorial which was originally sited within Basra War Cemetery.

In 1966, Fynn was also remembered at his home town of Bodmin when an estate was named "Finn VC Estate" in his honour. A plaque commemorating the event was unveiled, and can be seen opposite the old library in Bodmin. His VC was donated to the town council but is not on public display.

Whilst his body was never returned to Cornwall he is remembered on his father's headstone in Bodmin Cemetery.

In March, 2016 a commemorative paving stone was unveiled at Mount Folly in Bodmin

There are memorials also at Havard Chapel, Brecon Cathedral; St Michael's Church, Abertillery; Town War Memorial, Abertillery.

There is a painting of the action which was published in The Sphere, Tatler, and also The Times Illustrated History of the Great War. The original artwork was by Ugo Matania and is held at the Wellcome Library, London.

title: James Fynn


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Richard Harte Keatinge

Lieutenant General Richard Harte Keatinge (17 June 1825 – 25 May 1904) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Life and career
Keatinge was born in Dublin, younger son of Richard Keatinge and Harriet Augusta Joseph, third daughter of Samuel Joseph. His father was a successful barrister who served for many years as the Irish Probate judge. His mother came from a prosperous London merchant family. It was a religiously-mixed marriage, his father being a Protestant  and his mother Jewish. "Bombay Artillery (now of the Staff Corps)

Major Richard Harte Keatinge Date of Act of Bravery, March 17th, 1858

For having rendered most efficient aid at the assault of Chundairee; in voluntarily leading the Column through the breach, which was protected by a heavy cross fire. He was one of the foremost to enter, and was severely wounded in the breach. The Column was saved from a serious loss that would probably have resulted, but for Major Keatinge's knowledge of the small path leading across the ditch, which had been examined during the night by himself and a servant, who declined, when required, to lead the column, without his master. Having cleared the breach; he led into the Fort where he was struck down by another dangerous wound. The Commander-in-Chief in India states that the success at Chundairee was mainly owing to this Officer, whose gallantry, really brilliant, he considers was equalled by his ability and devotion.

Major Keatinge was at the time a Political Officer with the 2nd Brigade of the Central India Field Force."

In 1862 he was transferred to the Royal Artillery and then to the Bombay Staff Corps of the British Indian Army.

In 1868, Colonel Keatinge designed Rajkumar College, Rajkot, which was formally opened in 1870. The college was founded for the education of the princely order by the princes and chiefs of Kathiawad for their sons and relations.

From 1871 to 1873 he was Chief Commissioner of Ajmer-Merwara.

He became the first Chief Commissioner of Assam in 1874, remaining in this position until 1878.

He later achieved the rank of lieutenant general.

In retirement, he settled at Horsham, Sussex, where he died in 1904. By his wife Harriet Pottinger, he had eleven children.

Legacy
A road in the Indian city of Shillong, which was the capital of the British Province of Assam, where Keatinge had served as Chief Commissioner, has been named Keatinge Road in his honour.

title: Richard Harte Keatinge


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Live in Hamburg (Maria McKee album)

Live in Hamburg is the fifth album by American singer-songwriter Maria McKee, released in 2004 (see 2004 in music).

Track listing
All songs by Maria McKee, except where noted

 * 1) "This Perfect Dress" – 5:27
 * 2) "Scarlover" – 6:37
 * 3) "High Dive" – 5:17
 * 4) "T.V. Teens" – 5:13
 * 5) "Be My Joy" – 5:42
 * 6) "I'm Awake" – 4:11
 * 7) "Absolutely Barking Stars" – 5:05
 * 8) "Breathe" (McKee, Gregg Sutton) – 4:17
 * 9) "Something Similar" – 8:50
 * 10) "Life Is Sweet" – 12:23

Personnel

 * Maria McKee – guitar, vocals

Production

 * Cover photo: Lauren Abrahams
 * Photography: Jim Akin

title: Live in Hamburg (Maria McKee album)


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Milo O'Shea

Milo Donal O'Shea (2 June 1926 – 2 April 2013) was an Irish actor. He was twice nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his performances in Staircase (1968) and Mass Appeal (1982).

Early life
O'Shea was born and brought up in Dublin and educated by the Christian Brothers at Synge Street school, along with his friend Donal Donnelly. His father was a singer and his mother a ballet teacher. Because he was bilingual, O'Shea performed in English-speaking theatres and in Irish in the Abbey Theatre Company. At age 12, he appeared in George Bernard Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra at the Gate Theatre. He later studied music and drama at the Guildhall School in London and was a skilled pianist.

He was discovered in the 1950s by Harry Dillon, who ran the 37 Theatre Club on the top floor of his shop the Swiss Gem Company, 51 Lower O'Connell Street Dublin. Early in his career O'Shea toured with the theatrical company of Anew McMaster.

Career
O'Shea began acting on the stage, then moved into film in the 1960s. He became popular in the United Kingdom, as a result of starring in the BBC sitcom Me Mammy alongside Yootha Joyce. In 1967–68 he appeared in the drama Staircase, co-starring Eli Wallach and directed by Barry Morse, which stands as Broadway's first depiction of homosexual men in a serious light. For his role in that drama, he was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1968.

O'Shea starred as Leopold Bloom in Joseph Strick's 1967 film version of Ulysses. Among his other memorable film roles in the 1960s were the well-intentioned Friar Laurence in Franco Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet and the villainous Dr. Durand Durand (who tried to kill Jane Fonda's character by making her die of pleasure) in Roger Vadim's counterculture classic Barbarella (both films were released in 1968). In 1984, O'Shea reprised his role as Dr. Durand Durand (credited as Dr. Duran Duran) for the 1985 Duran Duran concert film Arena (An Absurd Notion), since his character inspired the band's name. He played Inspector Boot in the 1973 Vincent Price horror/comedy film Theatre of Blood.

He was active in American films and television, such as his memorable supporting role as the trial judge in the Sidney Lumet-directed movie The Verdict (1982) with Paul Newman, an episode of The Golden Girls in 1987, and portraying Chief Justice of the United States Roy Ashland in the television series The West Wing. In 1992, O'Shea guest starred in the season 10 finale of the sitcom Cheers and in 1995, in an episode of the show's spin-off Frasier. In the episode of Frasier, he played Dr. Schachter, a couple's therapist who counsels the Crane brothers together. He appeared in the pilot episode of Early Edition as Sherman.

Other stage appearances include Mass Appeal (1981) in which he originated the role of Father Tim Farley (for which he was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1982), the musical Dear World in which he played the Sewer Man opposite Angela Lansbury as Countess Aurelia, Corpse! (1986) and a 1994 Broadway revival of Philadelphia, Here I Come.

O'Shea received an honorary degree from Quinnipiac University in 2010.

Personal life
O'Shea's first wife was Maureen Toal, an Irish actress, with whom he had two sons, Colm and Steven. He divorced her in 1974.

He was married to the Irish actress Kitty Sullivan, whom he met in Italy, where he was filming Barbarella and she was auditioning for Man of La Mancha. The couple occasionally acted together, such as in a 1981 Broadway revival of My Fair Lady. O'Shea and Sullivan had no children together. They both adopted United States citizenship and resided in New York City, where they both lived from 1976.

Death
O'Shea died on 2 April 2013, in New York City following a short illness at the age of 86.

title: Milo O'Shea


text:
File:VCFrederickJeremiahEdwards.jpg

Photo of Victoria Cross recipient Frederick Jeremiah Edwards, migrated from the Victoria Cross Reference site with permission. Photo submitted by Martin Hornby - (Gallaher Cigarette Cards).

title: File:VCFrederickJeremiahEdwards.jpg


text: Talk:Live in Hamburg (Maria McKee album)


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Frederick Jeremiah Edwards

Frederick Jeremiah Edwards (3 October 1894 – 9 March 1964) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Biography
Edwards was born in Queenstown (now named Cobh), County Cork, Ireland. As a boy he attended the Royal Hibernian Military School in Dublin. He was 21 years old, and a private in the 12th Battalion, The Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own), British Army during the First World War, and was awarded the VC for his deeds on 26 September 1916 in the Battle of Thiepval Ridge at Thiepval, France: part of the line was held up by machine-gun fire and all the officers had become casualties. There was confusion and indication of retirement. Private Edwards, grasping the situation and on his own initiative, dashed out towards the gun, which he knocked out with his bombs. This very gallant act, coupled with great presence of mind and disregard of personal danger, made further advance possible and cleared up a dangerous situation.

He was later promoted to corporal and after leaving the British Army he was forced to sell his medal to make ends meet. He died on 9 March 1964 at the Royal Star and Garter Home in Richmond (then in Surrey, now in London) and is buried in Richmond Cemetery.

His Victoria Cross was displayed at the National Army Museum, Chelsea, England.

In popular culture
Edwards was portrayed by Adam Webb in the 2006 BBC docudrama The Somme – From Defeat to Victory, a film made to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the Battle of the Somme.

title: Frederick Jeremiah Edwards


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Edmund Fowler

Edmund John Fowler (1861 – 26 March 1926) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Born in County Waterford, he later achieved the rank of Colour-Sergeant. He died in Colchester, Essex, on 26 March 1926.

Details
He was around 18 years old, and a Private in the 2nd Battalion, 90th Regiment of Foot (Perthshire Volunteers), British Army during the Zulu War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

On 28 March 1879 at the Battle of Hlobane, South Africa, Private Fowler, with a captain and a lieutenant (Henry Lysons) dashed forward in advance of the party which had been ordered to dislodge the enemy from a commanding position in natural caves up the mountain. The path was so narrow that they had to advance in single file and the captain who arrived first at the mouth of the cave was instantly killed. The lieutenant and Private Fowler undismayed by the death of their leader, immediately sprang forward and cleared the enemy out of their stronghold.

The medal
His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Cameronians Regimental Museum in the Hamilton Low Parks Museum in Hamilton, Lanarkshire, Scotland.

title: Edmund Fowler


text: Wikipedia:POTD/December 4, 2004

title: Wikipedia:POTD/December 4, 2004


text: Wikipedia:Picture of the day/December 4, 2004


text: Template:TVBMC

title: Template:TVBMC


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Peter Gill (VC)

Peter Gill VC (September 1831 – 26 July 1868) was born in St Paul's Parish, Dublin and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Details
Gill was approximately 25 years old, and a sergeant-major in the Loodiana Regiment, during the Indian Mutiny on 4 June 1857 at Benares, India when he (and Sergeant-Major Matthew Rosamund) were awarded the Victoria Cross for the following deeds: "This Non-Commissioned Officer also conducted himself with gallantry at Benares, on the night of the 4th of June, 1857. He volunteered, with Serjeant-Major Rosamond, of the 37th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, to bring in Captain Brown, Pension Paymaster, and his family, from a detached Bungalow to the Barracks, as above recorded, and saved the life of the Quartermaster-Sergeant of the 25th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, in the early part of the evening, by cutting off the head of the Sepoy who had just bayonetted him. Serjeant-Major Gill states, that on the same night he faced a Guard of 27 men, with only a Serjeant's sword; and it is also represented that he twice saved the life of Major Barrett, 27th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, when attacked by Sepoys."

Gill later achieved the rank of lieutenant. He was killed in action at Morar, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India, on 26 July 1868.

title: Peter Gill (VC)


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Thomas Courtice

Thomas Barr Courtice (born October 31, 1943) was the president of Ohio Wesleyan University between 1994 and 2004. He received degrees from the University of Pittsburgh, Indiana University, and the University of Minnesota. Prior to becoming president of Ohio Wesleyan, he served for eight years as president of West Virginia Wesleyan College.

Courtice has also served as president of the North Coast Athletic Conference.

Formerly president of Academic Search located in Washington, D.C., he was also a search consultant for AGB Search in Washington, DC.

title: Thomas Courtice


text:
File:VCWilliamCharlesFuller.jpg

Photo of Victoria Cross recipient William Charles Fuller, migrated from the Victoria Cross Reference site with permission. Photo submitted by Franklyncards.

title: File:VCWilliamCharlesFuller.jpg


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William Charles Fuller

William Charles Fuller, VC (13 March 1884 – 29 December 1974) was a soldier in the British Army and a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Fuller was the first Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross in the First World War.

Early life
Fuller was the son of William and Mary Fuller of Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, Wales. He was born in Laugharne on 13 March 1884. Educated in Swansea, he served in the British Army from 1902 to 1909. Fuller married Mary Elizabeth Phillips in 1909, and they had five children: four daughters (Mary, Doris, Muriel and Caroline); and one son, William. He was recalled to the army as a reservist in 1914.

First World War
Fuller was 30 years old, and a lance corporal in the 2nd Battalion, Welsh Regiment, during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross.

On 14 September 1914 near Chivy-sur-Aisne, France, Fuller advanced under very heavy enemy rifle and machine-gun fire to extract an officer who was mortally wounded, and carried him back to cover. Fuller won his Victoria Cross for saving Captain Mark Haggard, nephew of Rider Haggard, who had fallen wounded. He carried him a distance estimated at 100 yards to a ridge where he managed to dress the officer's wounds. Captain Haggard asked Fuller to fetch his rifle from where he had fallen, because he did not want the enemy to get it. Fuller managed to do so.

With the help of two others, Private Snooks and Lieutenant Melvin, Officer in charge of the machine-gun section of the Welsh Regiment, they managed to get Haggard to the safety of a barn that was being used as a first-aid dressing station. Fuller remained with Haggard trying to help him until the officer died later on that evening, his last words being "Stick it, Welch." Fuller attended to two other officers who had also been brought to the barn wounded (Lieutenant The Honorable Fitzroy Somerset and Lieutenant Richards). The barn came under heavy fire, and the wounded men and officers were evacuated. Afterwards, the barn was razed to the ground via German shell-fire.

On 29 October, Fuller was wounded while dressing the wounds of Private Tagg; shrapnel entered his right side, twelve inches in up to his shoulder blade and came to rest on his right lung. Fuller was sent to Swansea Hospital where they operated, removing the shrapnel. Fuller was given a home posting after his recovery, as a recruiting sergeant in Wales.

Later life and legacy
After the war he was awarded the Royal Humane Society Medal for Life-Saving for attempting to save a drowning child at Mumbles, South Wales. During the Second World War, Fuller served in the Swansea Home Guard. Fuller died on 29 December 1974 and was buried at Oystermouth Cemetery, Mumbles. A memorial stone was erected there in 2005.

title: William Charles Fuller


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Negative Population Growth

Negative Population Growth is an anti-immigration organization in the United States, founded in 1972.

NPG works on overpopulation issues and advocates a gradual reduction in U.S. and world population. NPG believes the optimal population for the United States is 150 to 200 million and that the optimal world population is two to three billion. In order to accomplish their goal of a smaller U.S. population, the organization promotes policies which would reduce the fertility rate in the U.S. to 1.5 births per woman, and they advocate for reducing the level of immigration into the United States to 100,000 to 200,000 per year from the existing level of over 1.5 million per year.

NPG claimed in 2011 that their membership was more than 25,000, although it is unclear as to what counted as a member.

title: Negative Population Growth


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Gerald Robert O'Sullivan

Gerald Robert O'Sullivan VC (Gearóid Roibeard Ó Súilleabháin; 8 November 1888–21 August 1915) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Early life
Gerald Robert O'Sullivan was born in Frankfield, Douglas, County Cork on 8 November 1888. His father was a career soldier in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. Known as 'Jerry', he was educated at Wimbledon College from which he graduated in 1906. He desired a career in the British Army and attended the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst.

Military career
Commissioned into the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers in 1909, O'Sullivan spent much of the next three years serving in China with his unit, 2nd Battalion. From 1912, the battalion was based in British India but on the outbreak of the First World War was brought back to England.

First World War
The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers formed part of 29th Division, intended for service in the Gallipoli Campaign. Now a captain in the 1st Battalion, he commanded a company during the landing at X Beach on the Gallipoli peninsula on 25 April 1915 and acquitted himself well during the early stages of the fighting. On 18 June 1915, the Turks mounted an attack on positions adjacent to those of O'Sullivan's company, forcing the troops manning the defenses to abandon it. He led his company in a counterattack to reclaim the lost position which exchanged hands several times during the next few hours. The commanding officer in the area, Brigadier General W. R. Marshall, eventually directed O'Sullivan to lead a party of Inniskilling and South Wales Borderers soldiers to capture the position which was achieved at dawn the following day.

Two weeks later, O'Sullivan was involved in a further action near Krithia, and this resulted in his recommendation for the Victoria Cross (VC). The citation, published in the London Gazette on 1 September 1915, read as follows: "For most conspicuous bravery during operations south-west of Krithia on the Gallipoli Peninsula. On the night of 1st–2nd July, 1915, when it was essential that a portion of a trench which had been lost should be regained, Captain O'Sullivan, although not belonging to the troops at this point volunteered to lead a party of bomb throwers to effect the recapture. He advanced in the open under a very heavy fire and in order to throw his bombs with greater effect, got up on the parapet, where he was completely exposed to the fire of the enemy occupying the trench. He was finally wounded, but not before his inspiring example had led his party to make further efforts, which resulted in the recapture of the trench. On the night of 18th–19th June, 1915, Captain O'Sullivan had saved a critical situation in the same locality by his personal gallantry and good leading."

The wounds he received in the action of 1–2 July necessitated his evacuation to Egypt for medical treatment but he quickly recovered and returned to his unit on 11 August 1915. The 29th Division was now at Suvla Bay and preparing for a new offensive. The Inniskillings were tasked with the capture of a feature known as Hill 70 or Scimitar Hill. During this battle, on 21 August 1915, he led a charge of 50 men to the hilltop but was killed.

O'Sullivan has no known grave and is remembered on the Helles Memorial to the Missing. His VC was delivered to his mother who lived in Dorchester, and his name also appears on the memorial there.

title: Gerald Robert O'Sullivan


text:
User:Fvw/TalkArchive/2

Thank You!
Thank you for thanking me for testing wikipedia. --128.226.195.90 03:46, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC

Barnstar!
Yeah! My first barnstar! Thanks! -- Chris 73 Talk 11:04, Nov 29, 2004 (UTC)

Amin. nomination
I've just added my support to your nomination, I swear I didn't notice up to now you were nominated, despite the fact that I keep checking to see if anyone new has supported *my* nomination. (I don't trust my watchlist. I'm totally neurotic, I know). --Woggly 13:00, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thank you for supporting my bid for adminship! I told you it's all cabalism. You know you have my support too, try again in a couple of months. I totally agree with you on the whole VfD issue too. So what if you list a keepable article on VfD? So people vote, and it gets kept. What's the big deal? --Woggly 21:11, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
For telling me about the and  tags - I didn't know about them. It'd be good if they'd have been better publicised ;). Estel 15:45, Nov 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * They're the same thing ;). Nearly anyway. Yes - I suppose it's worth it. You deserve adminship by all accounts. 193.63.168.208 15:58, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

speedies
I worry a bit about your speedies. There are procedures for different sorts of articles. For example, June Haver isn't a speedy candidate -- use for such an article. Similarly, Go Seonji is a redirect; those go to Redirects for deletion. Assuming they don't really work. If you want to be an admin, you perhaps should your personal criteria for speedy deletion. --jpgordon{gab} 17:43, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Heya, thanks for your concern. A quick scan of June Haver revealed a lot of oddly-placed spacing and punctuation, and very little that could be a meaningful article, so I do feel it qualifies as patent nonsense. You can ofcourse never be sure patent nonsense isn't meaningful in some language, but I feel reasonable certain this wasn't a useful article being lost. As for Go Seonji, that was (at the time) a valid CSD according to WP:CSD 1.2.1, Redirects can be immediately deleted if they have no useful history and ... They refer to non-existent pages. Hope that addresses your concerns. --fvw * † 17:56, 2004 Nov 29 (UTC)
 * One more thing you need to do is wait a bit before marking the speedy. Again, in the case of Go Seonji: you marked the speedy less than ten minutes after the article was posted; it's better to give the editor a chance to do the work he or she has clearly indicated he's going to do. And, in the case of June Haver, I guess I didn't realize you spoke Polish. To me it looked like a valid article about an actress, just in the wrong language. --jpgordon{gab} 18:10, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

funny rv lines
Thanks for your humorous rv with the Sex entry (diff). I'm not quite sure why, but it really made my day. -- Helixblue 21:41, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Bat bomb
Hi, I actually thought the Bat bomb edit you reverted was a good one; I looked up the two books and "Sunwing" does seem to be inspired, plot-wise, by the bat bomb project, whereas "Silverwing" isn't. Just a thought. I have a special affinity for this article, because it was my first one on Wikipedia (before I got a login)............ A2Kafir 23:15, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I assumed that since the books were one series having the link to the one with an article would be best, not realising it needn't be referenced in all books from the series. My bad, restored. Thanks for you vigilance! --fvw * † 23:18, 2004 Nov 29 (UTC)
 * Wow, you're quick! A2Kafir 23:20, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the backup
Thanks for rving my user page-I've got the vandal listed on the vandalism in progress page so it's only a matter of time :) -Cookiemobsta 00:07, 30 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Ancient Eleutherna--copyright vio
You flagged Ancient Eleutherna as a copyright violation (got it before I could!). You will probably notice, but a minute later the user erased the notice and put up sample Wikipedia images. I would have reverted, but another user came along and marked it for a speedy deletion. I don't know if it's better to just let it get speedily deleted or to make sure the copyright issues are resolved, so I'm leaving it for now—just wanted to let you know. — [[User:Knowledge Seeker|Knowledge Seeker দ (talk)]] 10:40, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Heya, thanks for the heads up. I don't really care what happens to copyvio's, as long as they're gone. I don't think they're actually speedy deletion candidates as they have a meaningful history, but I'm not going to kick a fuss. --fvw * † 10:49, 2004 Dec 1 (UTC)

Vanity
Thanks for pointing out that blatant vanity is not a sufficient reason for speedy deletion. I read the policy again and noticed that it is a proposed reason. Is there a place to vote on this? --MarkSweep 01:03, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Nope, I'm afraid things haven't gotten that far yet. I suppose you could try a proper vote on talk: (you should announce it at the appropriate places though), but I don't actually think it's a good idea, alluring though it may be. Vanity is too subjective for a single editor to be allowed to decide whether something is or isn't. Deletion is still one of wikipedia's weak points I fear. --fvw * † 01:07, 2004 Dec 2 (UTC)

Remember to warn
Remember to put on the user pages of any user who creates a non-sensical page. -- user:zanimum
 * I thought I talked most of them, but occasionally one might get missed. I'll pay better attention in future. --fvw * † 01:27, 2004 Dec 2 (UTC)
 * Oh, good, glad to know you do so regularly. It seems too many admins that don't follow up on the user pages. -- user:zanimum

You were mentioned.
And it wasn't flattering. See http://www.cornellsun.com/vnews/display.v/ART/2004/12/02/41ae87066c10f

 * On the bright side, this may be the next phase of natural selection: Fvw's 874 posts per day, one imagines, are not exactly being sandwiched between booty calls. (Although it is eminently possible that they are being sandwiched between sandwich calls.)

 * But on the less-than-bright side ... these really are the best and brightest of humanity. They've got DSL. And grammar. And encyclopedic, albeit utterly useless, depths of knowledge. It's horrible, but true: when ekOeOfhOpe and dArK_RaVeN and Sparky and Evercat are found rotting in their apartments, it will be their inferiors who have repopulated the earth in their own sweaty image. Ooh. Not so chipper anymore.

Enjoy the libel while it lasts! - Ta bu shi da yu 21:49, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)

VfD - Nexum
Good afternoon, Fvw. Could I ask you to reconsider your delete vote on Nexum? I have been able to independently confirm that the topic is real. I only have one source on the date the concept was abolished but it's consistent with what's in the current article. I know that the current contents are not much more than a dicdef and I normally would vote to transwiki to Wiktionary. I don't think they'd take this one, though. As far as I know, it's not an english word. I'd hate to lose this stub because I keep hoping that we'll get a Roman-law scholar who will expand it. What little I understood of the sources I found certainly sounded intriguing. Rossami (talk) 22:12, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I understand your fear of losing this interesting tidbit of information, but I don't think Nexum is the appropriate place. How about merging the information into Debt and redirecting nexum (though I doubt many people will arrive via the redirect)? I'd support that fully. Alternatively you could transwiki to http://la.wiktionary.org or http://la.wikipedia.org, both of which I assume will happily take it, as long as you're able to translate it to latin, but that would mean the information is accessible to fewer people. --fvw * † 23:03, 2004 Dec 2 (UTC)

Speedy deletion
First of all, please don't come onto my user page with a chip on your shoulder. I am well aware of what I'm doing and I'm more than happy to discuss my actions in a rational manner. Second, untrue information is a speedy delete category. Obvious vanity is often speedy deleted as well. There's a problem with a series of bogus articles about one "Paul Paquette" that have been called to my attention. Stuff like that isn't only speedy-deletable, it's vandalism. - Lucky 6.9 23:55, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Please check WP:CSD, untrue information is not a speedy deletion criterion. While it is true vanity often gets speedy deleted, that does not mean it is allowed. --fvw * † 00:03, 2004 Dec 3 (UTC)

Vandalism most certainly is a speedy deletion criterion. I don't wish to engage in an edit war, but I did review the information. It is patently false. It is, therefore, a speedy deletion candidate and I will be retagging it as such. - Lucky 6.9 00:08, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Paul Paquette and CSD
See website: www.jessicapaquette.com Actually, in this case I agree with Lucky 6.9. It appears to be a hoax. I beleive it should be listed on CAT:CSD. It appears that it is a hoax along with "Canadian Town", the rock band "Arrowhead" (can't find any reference to this band!), "super star" Jessica Paquette or Augustine's Child. Do you have any information that this is not a hoax? - Ta bu shi da yu 00:56, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Further, I've reviewed the anon's contributions and he has also added Mr. Buck. This film doens't appear to exist either. - Ta bu shi da yu 01:03, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Er, hoaxes are part of WP:CSD. Patent nonsense is a criteria for speedy deletion, and hoaxes are listed under patent nonsense. It's valid to delete these articles. - Ta bu shi da yu 01:06, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, hoaxes are specifically listed under what is not patent nonsense. You can still delete them though, since misinformation is Vandalism: Sneaky vandalism - Vandalism which is harder to spot. Adding misinformation and typos. Shane King 01:10, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'll admit, a strict reading does allow interpretating it like that, however to me at least it's pretty clear this is not what was intended, especially since hoaxes are listed specificly in the proposed CSDs (ie as an alteration to the current policy). I don't think hoax-ness should be judged by a single admin and I don't think the people who wrote the original CSD had that in mind. Luckily this doesn't come into play too often as almost all hoax articles (like the ones that started this discussion) also contain factual information. --fvw * † 01:28, 2004 Dec 3 (UTC)
 * I said can not should. :) I think a moderate approach is best, but I accept others interpret things more conservatively or liberally. Shane King 01:34, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Bugger. I stand corrected. Sorry guys. I'm sure that Lucky made the same mistake and I'll let him know. - Ta bu shi da yu 01:13, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Grammar (WP:RFA)
Hi, thanks for commenting. I left the conversation on my own talk page, to keep the thread in one place (feel free to copy it over here and/or delete this msg). --Wernher 14:16, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

User talk:The Cunctator
Hi, I moved that "Talk:The Cunctator" page over, and went to User talk:The Cunctator to tell them where it went, and I saw your comment about a problem, but I couldn't figure out what you had noticed. What gives? Noel (talk) 16:11, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Oh, I get it - "The Cunctator" is now a redirect to the real (Roman) one. No problem, I checked and the Talk: page was 100% content for the user, not about the general, hence OK to move to User_talk:. Noel (talk) 16:17, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Redirects to User: space
You don't need to bother listing them on WP:RfD - just forward me a list and I'll dispose of them. (If you could filter out the ones that have history, that would be really useful, though. Those have to be dealt with more carefully.) Noel (talk) 20:42, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, I'm totally snowed under already with stuff that's backed up. I'll delete the x-space redirs that have no history for you (fixing an occasional link to the about-to-be-deleted-redir in the process), but that's about all I can sign up for, alas. As to references to pages you move, you really ought to fix them - at least ones from article talk pages. If you don't, then sure as shooting some time later someone will be write a 'bot that finds dangling references, only by then the info on where the reference ought to go will be gone! :-) But I wouldn't bother asking people where they want them - just use your judgement, and then leave them a note (Like I did with the Cunc's page) - if they don't like where you put it, they can move it! Noel (talk) 22:18, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, I did a flock of them (towards the end of the sub-page section there's a large block of red that's my handiwork) before I couldn't take it any more. I did ones where I had to patch links, but passed on the ones which had a history. (Oh, I skipped one where I would have had to patch about 30 links - it should stand out.) Bug me again towards the end of the week, and I'll do some more. Noel (talk) 03:38, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks a lot. Somehow I didn't find when I searched for it.

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 2000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

Thanks!
Thank you for reverting the vandalism to my user page. :) -[[User:Aranel|Aranel (" Sarah ")]] 19:55, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Sorry... don't agree with your deletion proposal.
It's interesting and creative but I personally just don't buy it.

If I understand... you say "the current deletion system doesn't scale and works very differently from the anyone-can-play system most of Wikipedia uses." Your proposal is basically to replace deletion with page-blanking, with some kind of cosmetic change to MediaWiki so that a blanked page looks more "deleted" than it does today.

The strongest part of your argument is that all of the issues with "anyone-can-play" deletion of entire articles exist today with "anyone-can-play" deletion of portions of articles. This is also the weakest part.

I am not a Wiki absolutist. Wikipedia is not a wide-open system; there are levels of authority and there are, in particular, differences between what sysops and non-sysops can do. I acknowledge that the extreme openness of Wikipedia works much better than I might have imagined, and that the "Wiki way" got Wikipedia where it is today.

Nevertheless, as it says in What Wikipedia is not, Wikipedia is not a
 * Mere vehicle for testing anarchism. The fact that Wikipedia is an open, self-governing project does not mean that any part of its purpose is to explore the viability of anarchistic communities. (If you want to do so, you can use Wikipedia fork Anarchopedia.) Our purpose is to build an encyclopedia, not to test the limits of anarchism. But of course none of this is to deny that a great deal of our success has been due precisely to our openness.

Deletion is contentious because of some fairly fundamental disagreements between Wikipedian on what an "encyclopedia" is, and what should be included in it. There is no easy way to make that go away.

Your proposal tips things slightly in the anarchic direction. (Or if that's POV language, the egalitarian; or democratic; or open; or meritocratic direction).

But I think that as Wikipedia matures, if our purpose is truly to build an encyclopedia—as I understand the meaning of the word—we may need to tip things in the authoritarian direction. The higher the quality and more complete Wikipedia becomes, the harder it is for a casual contributor to improve the quality and coverage, and the less likely it is that the average random edit will be an improvement.

By the time an article is at a "version 1.0" level, the most likely reason that a casual outsider would suddenly come in and edit it is that they are a POV-warrior.

So in brief, yeah, I think it's good that we have sysops and that they are privileged characters. (Whether that has anything to do with my being a sysop I will leave for you to judge).

As for the comment that VfD doesn't scale, I don't really agree with that either. A lot of the complaints about VfD are simply complaints by extreme inclusionists who bring up every possible argument against deletion of anything.

Yes, there are technical issues with the page itself, and technical solutions are possible.

In general, the number of Wikipedians interested in participating at VfD ought to increase proportionately with the number of contributors. Now if you assume that every such Wikipedian participates in every VfD discussion, then you do have a scaling problem, because as Wikipedia double both the number of articles on VfD and the number of comments in every discussion double. But this is easily and naturally remedied; I think it solves itself. If you assume that every Wikipedian has only a certain limited amount of time they are willing to spend in VfD, then if every Wikipedian spends constant time, the number of comments per article remains constant, and perhaps the quality of the debate improves (because people participate only in the articles where they have an interest and knowledge).

Figuring out how to break up the page into manageable pieces, and making it easy for people to skim and find the discussions they are interested in is once again a technical problem.

The political issues are not so easily solved. A lot of the problems with VfD are created by inclusionists who simply object to deletion. And a lot are created by people with POV about whether or not certain kinds of articles should be included. Your proposal isn't going to solve either of these problems.

One argument in favor of the current process is that whereas revert wars and edit wars are interminable, most VfD discussions are relatively contained. They result in a decision. The decision, once made, usually sticks pretty well. Relatively few deleted articles go to Votes for Undeletion. And relatively few kept articles get nominated again. When they do it's mostly the innocent action of new observers unfamiliar with the previous debate. As nearly as I can tell, the charge that people nominate articles for deletion over and over again until they get the desired result is a straw man. It doesn't happen. There is widespread opposition to relisting and relisted articles get an overwhelming number of "keep" votes.

Another is that VfD is that it, and "featured article" nomination, are only things we presently have that resemble a real review process on an article-by-article basis. In both cases, we review after the fact. But I think the fact that both involve group process and cannot be performed by a single individual is important.

All that said, I don't agree with your proposal, but if implemented it probably wouldn't do all that much harm.

(BTW have you noticed that a lot of the inclusionist/deletionist contention seemed to have eased off since User:RickK left/went on vacation?)

[[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 21:03, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Comments on place where I don't think I'm understanding you or vice versa.

 * You say sysops have "power, not authority." The definition I once heard that has stuck with me is "authority is anything you have that you can use to get people to do things." Power (in the form of additional technical capabilities) is one form of authority. Actually I'm surprised by your comment because the misunderstanding is usually the other way; many people thing that the only kind of authority is formally defined power, without seeing that there are other forms (e.g. peer acknowledgement of competence).

 * Second, when you say "Hmm? I'm not claiming they should be done by individuals," I'm puzzled. As I understand your proposal, it would make it possible for any individual to delete any article at any time. If you would continue to have a human, socially-implemented rule in place that says nobody should blank an article without a VfD discussion, then I don't see how this affects the VfD process at all.

 * By the way... how is your proposal different from simply making the present MediaWiki deletion and undeletion capabilities available to all users? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 23:01, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Dueling proposals
Read your deletion proposal. The wiki I mod for has decided to go with the "pure wiki" method of deletion when it becomes available (my sources say version 1.5). We were wondering what to do when the inevitable revert wars started up. Your proposal will help a lot in deciding our policy. I've added some comments of my own. Anyway, I have a proposal of my own which might help getting a definitive answer on your proposal. I'm basically done with it, but I'd like to get it beta-tested before I bring it up with the Village Pump. (Or wherever the appropriate place to bring it up is.) Here's the link. crazyeddie 21:05, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Redirects to User: space
I did a few more. I'm waiting to do the ones that have history until a feature request I put in, to avoid leaving a redirect behind (when they are moved to User:Foo/Archive), which then has to be deleted, gets added. Noel (talk) 14:38, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * No, actually my request was "admins have a check box on the move confirmation page which allows them to not leave behind a redir on any move". I would find that useful in all sorts of places, e.g. swapping a page and a redir when the redir has significant history. No, I don't want to get into a debate about why only admins would have it! (In part, it would make vandalism easier to untangle - now when a vandal moves Microsoft to Gang of scum-sucking losers, you know where it went - without the redir, people would have to search through logs, etc.)
 * Anway, yes, deleting the redir isn't that much work, so I shouldn't actually need to wait.
 * Actually, I have a proposal. Since I don't mind fixing the links, but hate moving the pages with history, do you want to divide the labour? I'll do all the link fixing, if you do the moves of any with history. Sound good?
 * I've done a good chunk of the "/" ones now - I gather from your comments that you've been getting others ready to delete? If you let me know where in the list I should look for the ones you have gotten ready to go, I can nuke them. Noel (talk) 01:45, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

No, as far as I know it's just "move the page and leave a pointer to the new location somewhere in the user's pages". (Of course, you've also been fixing the links to the old location, but under my proposal above you'd skip that step - I'd do those fixes when I came along to do the delete.) There is an 'optional' step you could do (which is what I usually do) which is restore the page to the last version with real (i.e. non-redirect) content, but that's purely a cosmetic step which you can skip.

The ones that are "already gone", you're speaking there of the history-less redirects that were left behind, right?

The reason there's no need to co-ordinate is that even if you move the pages which do have lingering links to them, those linke will point to the redirect which is left behind, and I will find (and fix) the links when I come by to do the redirect. See, for example, Lir/Chess(1). It has already been moved (and so the redirect at "Lir/Chess(1)" has no real history), but it does still have a link; I have to fix the link, and then can delete that redirect. If you can leave them all in that state, I will do the rest (fix the links, and delete the redirect).

(Sorry to be long-winded, but I wanted to make sure there was no confusion!) Noel (talk) 12:04, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thanks.
Thanks for the thanks for the merge. — Jeandré, 2004-12-12t23:30z

Deletion
Regarding the deletion proposal - I don't know, honestly. :-) I'm not sure there's anything that will make a whole lot of difference... Evercat 00:52, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Template:d
Considering that Template:d is unused, I'm going to TFD it, saying that it should be remade into a Template:delete shortcut. It actually used to produce a certain form of the letter d (see the history). Any objection? --[[User:Whosyourjudas|Whosyourjudas\talk]] 00:52, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

5' UTR
Thanks for the note. I actually found it on the speedy delete cat, and when I checked the history I noticed it had been created and deleted twice before--with that odd a name I figured people must be clicking a redlink, checked 'what links here', and found SECIS element, which also linked to 3' UTR, so I just stole the first line of that article and changed 5 to 3 twice. I see an anon has already expanded it a bit. I prefer to avoid deleting if possible, tho' most often the alternative is a redirect. Niteowlneils 01:37, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Regretting my vote
I keep seeing you. We must be patrolling the same lists. You are doing so much tracking / reverting / warning of vandalism that I wish you had admin status. 'Tell you what... I see you leaving the final warning on several anon's talk pages. If you notice that someone has continued vandalizing and think they need to be blocked, you can either list them on ViP or you can just drop a link to their contributions on my talk page. You don't even have to explain what the link is for. I'll know, and I'll act on it. Work sometimes takes me away from the computer for a while, but I'll likely get to it faster than if you listed them on ViP. Just link -- I'll follow up for you. And next time, I'm voting Support, damnit! :-) SWAdair | Talk  05:21, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * You're too kind, I'll take you up on that offer. And you know you spend too much time on VfD when every time you see a boldface keep you think Hmm, I'd rather merge and redirect. --fvw *  05:24, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * LOL! SWAdair | Talk  05:28, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Foreign script on the Moon
Thanks for pointing it out, I had seen it was a bad link when I tested it.

Still trying to find a practical method to do these links.

title: User:Fvw/TalkArchive/2


text:
John Patrick Hamilton

John Patrick Hamilton, VC (24 January 1896 – 27 February 1961) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Early life
Born in Orange, New South Wales, Hamilton described himself as a butcher when he enlisted aged eighteen, as a private in the 1st Australian Imperial Force on 15 September 1914. His father William Hamilton was also a butcher and they resided together in Penshurst, Sydney when the younger Hamilton joined up. He was assigned to the 3rd Battalion (N.S.W.) and embarked from Sydney in October 1914 on HMAT Euripides. After training in Egypt his battalion sailed for Gallipoli and took part in the landing at Anzac Cove on 25 April 1915 – his battalion coming ashore in the second and third waves.

First World War
Hamilton was 19 years old, and still a private when the following deed took place at Sasse's Sap during the Battle of Lone Pine on the Gallipoli Peninsula for which he was awarded the VC:

For most conspicuous bravery on 9th August, 1915, in the Gallipoli Peninsula. During a heavy bomb attack by the enemy on the newly captured position at Lone Pine, Private Hamilton, with utter disregard to personal safety, exposed himself under heavy fire on the parados, in order to secure a better fire position against the enemy's bomb throwers. His coolness and daring example had an immediate effect. The defence was encouraged, and the enemy driven off with heavy loss

The 3rd Battalion was decimated at Lone Pine but, after the withdrawal from Gallipoli and reorganization in Egypt the Battalion was redeployed to the Western Front in March 1916 and went into the line at Armentières. Hamilton was promoted corporal on 3 May and fought at the Battle of Pozières in July, the Battle of Mouquet Farm in August and Flers in November. He was promoted sergeant in May 1917 and that year his battalion served at Bullecourt and at the Menin Road and Broodseinde theatres of the Battle of Passchendale.

After officer cadet training at Cambridge, England, from July 1918 he was commissioned a second lieutenant in January 1919 and promoted lieutenant in April 1919. After demobilisation, he was discharged in September 1919.

Second World War
During the Second World War Hamilton served as a lieutenant with the 16th Garrison Battalion and several training battalions. In 1942 he went to New Guinea with the 2/3rd Pioneer Battalion, then served with Australian Labour Employment Companies until 1944 when he transferred to the Australian Army Labour Service. He was promoted captain in the Australian Military Forces in October 1944. He returned to Sydney in April 1946.

Between and post the wars
He was a wharf labourer for over thirty years, also working as a shipping clerk, storeman and packer. He was an active in the Waterside Workers' Federation and in the Sydney branch of the Australian Labor Party.

Hamilton died of cerebro-vascular disease in the Concord Repatriation General Hospital on 27 February 1961 and is buried in Woronora cemetery. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial and was the only one awarded to Hamilton's unit during the war.

Honours and awards

title: John Patrick Hamilton


text:
Bernard Gordon (soldier)

Bernard Sidney Gordon, VC, MM (16 August 1891 – 19 October 1963) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross during the First World War, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

First World War
Gordon was 27 years old, and acting as a lance corporal in the 41st Battalion, Australian Imperial Force when, during the Battle of Amiens, the following deeds leading to him being awarded the Military Medal occurred.

"On the 8/8/18 during the attack east of Hamel Pte Gordon single-handedly attacked a machine gun crew which was holding up his section. He killed the crew and captured the gun. Later on in the day he stalked and killed an enemy sniper.

Throughout the operation he displayed much bravery and devotion to duty.

Brigadier General J.H. Cannan, 11th Brigade AIF"

This action occurred on the "Black Day" of the German Army, in which the Australian Corps destroyed their opposition. As a result of this, on 9 August 1918 the Canadian Corps advance lead to a general retreat by the German troops. The Australian 3rd Division continued to advance toward the bend in the River Somme. During this period the following action, for which Gordon was awarded the Victoria Cross, took place:

"During the operations of the 26/27th August 1918 East of Bray this N.C.O showed most conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty in the face of the enemy.

He led his Section through heavy enemy shelling to the objective which he consolidated. Then single handed he attacked an enemy machine gun which was enfilading the Company on his right, killing the man on the gun and captured the post which contained one Officer (a Captain) and 10 men. After handing these over at Company Headquarters he returned alone to the old system of trenches, in which were many machine guns, entered a C.T. and proceeded to mop it up, returning with 15 prisoners in one squad and 14 in an other, together with two machine guns.

Again he returned to the system, this time with a T.M. gun and crew, and proceeded to mop up a further portion of the trench, bringing in 22 prisoners including one Officer and 3 Machine guns. This last capture enabled the British troops on our left to advance, which they had not been able to do owing to Machine Gun fire from these posts.

His total captures were thus 2 Officers and 61 other ranks, together with 6 machine guns, and with the exception of the Trench Mortar assistance it was absolutely an individual effort and done entirely on his own initiative.

Brigadier General J.H. Cannan, 11th Brigade AIF"

Gordon was wounded on 1 September 1918 (Bouchavesnes Spur – Battle of Mont St Quentin). He was evacuated and sent to England on 4 September 1918, where he was awarded the Military Medal on 15 September 1918. He was not awarded the Victoria Cross until 20 December 1918 (after the Armistice), the citation for which states:

"His Majesty the KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the Victoria Cross to the undermentioned Officers, N.C.O.'s and Men:-

No.23 L/Cpl. Bernard Sidney Gordon, M.M, 41st Bn., A.I.F.

For most conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty on the 26/27th August, 1918, east of Bray.

He led his section through heavy shell fire to the objective, which he consolidated. Single-handed he attacked an enemy machine gun which was enfilading the company on his right, killed the man on and captured the post, which contained one officer and ten men. He then cleared up a trench, capturing twenty-nine prisoners and two machine guns. In clearing up further trenches he captured twenty-two prisoners, including one officer and three machine guns.

Practically unaided, he captured, in the course of these operations, two officers and sixty-one other ranks, together with six machine guns, and displayed throughout a wonderful example of fearless initiative."

Sale of his medal
Gordon's Victoria Cross was sold at auction in Sydney on 28 November 2006 for A$478,000. The medal was sold by one of Gordon's daughters, who needed money to keep the family farm in operation. The VC was purchased by an agent of media tycoon Kerry Stokes, the same man who paid a world record price of A$1 million in July 2006 for the VC awarded to Alfred Shout, A$180,000 for the George Cross of Lieutenant Commander George Gosse, and in conjunction with the South Australian Government, the VC of Major Peter Badcoe. All four medals are on display at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra.

title: Bernard Gordon (soldier)


text:
Fred Greaves

Fred Greaves VC (16 May 1890 – 11 June 1973) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Greaves was born on 16 May 1890 in Killamarsh, a town in north-east Derbyshire. He was 27 years old, and an acting corporal in the 9th Battalion, The Sherwood Foresters (The Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment), British Army during the Battle of Broodseinde in the First World War when he performed a deed for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross.

On 4 October 1917 at Poelcapelle, east of Ypres, Belgium, when the platoon was held up by machine-gun fire from a concrete stronghold and the platoon commander and sergeant were casualties, Corporal Greaves, followed by another NCO, rushed forward, reached the rear of the building and bombed the occupants, killing or capturing the garrison and the machine-gun. Later, at a most critical period of the battle, during a heavy counter-attack, all the officers of the company became casualties and Corporal Geaves collected his men, threw out extra posts on the threatened flank and opened up rifle and machine-gun fire to enfilade the advance.

He later achieved the rank of Sergeant. Fred died in Brimington, near Chesterfield, on 11 June 1973, aged 83, and was cremated there.

His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Sherwood Foresters Museum, Nottingham Castle, England.

On 2 August 2014 a commemorative plaque to Greaves was unveiled in the Chesterfield FC Memorial Garden at the Proact Stadium.

title: Fred Greaves


text:
File:VCThomasGrady.jpg

Photo of Victoria Cross recipient Thomas Grady, migrated from the Victoria Cross Reference site with permission. Photo submitted by Neil Hutton.

title: File:VCThomasGrady.jpg


text:
Thomas Grady

Thomas Grady VC DCM (Tomás Ó Grádaigh; 18 September 1835 – 18 May 1891) was born in Claddagh, County Galway and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Details
He was 19 years old, and a private in the 4th Regiment of Foot (later The King's Own (Royal Lancaster) Regiment), British Army during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

On 18 October 1854 at Sebastopol, the Crimea, Private Grady volunteered to repair the embrasures of the Sailors' Battery on the Left Attack and carried out this task under very heavy fire from a line of batteries. On 22 November during the repulse of a Russian attack, although severely wounded, Private Grady refused to leave the front and his example encouraged the weak force which was engaging the enemy to maintain their position.

Further information
He emigrated to Australia and died in South Melbourne, Victoria on 18 May 1891. Grady is buried in Melbourne General Cemetery.

Some references incorrectly state he was promoted sergeant. He was discharged as a private, his award was gazetted as a private and his pension was paid as a private.

The medal
His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial (Canberra, Australia).

title: Thomas Grady


text:
File:Lone Justice - Lone Justice.jpg

Cover for album Lone Justice by Lone Justice.

Fair use rationale for

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title: File:Lone Justice - Lone Justice.jpg


text:
Milton Fowler Gregg

Brigadier Milton Fowler Gregg, (10 April 1892 – 13 March 1978) was a Canadian military officer and a First World War recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. In later life, he was a Member of the Canadian Parliament, cabinet minister, academic, soldier and diplomat.

Early life
Gregg was born in 1892 in Mountain Dale, Kings County, New Brunswick, the son of Clarissa E.(Myles) and George Lord Gregg. During the early stages of World War I he enlisted in the Canadian Army with The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada in September 1914 while still studying at Acadia University. He graduated with a Master of Arts in 1916.

Victoria Cross
At the age of eighteen Gregg joined the 8th New Brunswick Hussars militia regiment. Gregg served during the First World War as a sergeant in the medical corps and later as an officer of The Royal Canadian Regiment. During combat on the Western Front in 1917, his actions earned him the Military Cross and in 1918 further valour added a bar to the Cross. Near Cambrai, Nord, France on 28 September 1918 his actions during the Battle of the Canal du Nord earned him the Victoria Cross. The citation for Gregg's Victoria Cross reads: "Lt. Milton Fowler Gregg, M.C., R. Can. Regt., Nova Scotia R. – For most conspicuous bravery and initiative during operations near Cambrai, 27th September to 1st October, 1918.

On 28th September, when the advance of the brigade was held up by fire from both flanks and by thick, uncut wire, he crawled forward alone and explored the wire until he found a small gap through which he subsequently led his men and forced an entry into the enemy trench. The enemy counter-attacked in force and, through lack of bombs, the situation became critical. Although wounded Lt. Gregg returned alone under terrific fire and collected a further supply. Then rejoining his party, which by this time was much reduced in numbers, and in spite of a second wound, he reorganized his men and led them with the greatest determination against the enemy trenches, which he finally cleared. He personally killed or wounded 11 of the enemy and took 25 prisoners, in addition to 12 machine guns captured in the trench. Remaining with his company in spite of wounds he again on the 30th September led his men in attack until severely wounded. The outstanding valour of this officer saved many casualties and enabled the advance to continue."

Victoria Cross stolen
On the evening of 24 December 1978, Gregg's medal set was stolen from the Royal Canadian Regiment Museum in London, Ontario. The medal set which had been placed on permanent loan to the museum by his widow Erica Deichmann Gregg included the Victoria Cross, the Order of Canada in the grade of Officer and the Military Cross with one Bar.

Later career
From 1934 until 1939, Gregg was the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Commons. Following the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, Gregg served overseas for two years with the West Nova Scotia Regiment and then commanded officer training centres at various military facilities in Canada and retired with the rank of brigadier in 1943. In 1944, Gregg was appointed the commanding officers of CANLOAN officers at Sussex Military Camp prior to their deployment to the British Army. He was later named the first honorary president of the CANLOAN Army Officers' Association, a veterans association of CANLOAN officers.

In 1944, Gregg was appointed President of the University of New Brunswick, serving in that position until 1947 when he was elected to Parliament as Liberal member for the York-Sunbury riding. Gregg served in the cabinets of Prime Ministers William Lyon Mackenzie King and Louis St. Laurent for almost 10 years as the Minister of Fisheries, Minister of Veterans Affairs, and Minister of Labour.

Defeated in the 1957 election, Gregg went on to become the United Nations representative in Iraq, the UNICEF administrator in Indonesia, and the Canadian High Commissioner in Georgetown, British Guiana. He retired in 1968. He died on 13 March 1978 and is buried at Snider Mountain Baptist Church Cemetery in Snider Mountain, New Brunswick.

Honours

 * Gregg was sworn into the King's Privy Council for Canada on 2 September 1947 by the Governor General of Canada FM Rt Hon Lord Alexander of Tunis on the advice of Canadian Prime Minister Rt Hon William Lyon Mackenzie King. This gave him the Honorific Title "The Honourable" and the Post Nominal Letters "PC" for Life.

Scholastic

 * Honorary degrees

Legacy
After his death, the Milton Fowler Gregg VC Memorial Trust Fund Bursary was created in his name. It is offered annually to students entering the Royal Military College of Canada Division of Graduate Studies and Research.

The Mons Box Trophy was created by then Brigadier, The Honourable Milton F. Gregg, VC, CBE, OC, MC, ED, CD. It is awarded to the platoon commander who has exhibited the highest qualities of leadership and who is therefore, the junior officer most fit to command the men who have been placed in his charge. The Mons Box, a ceremonial cigar box, was presented to then Lieutenant Gregg by the Burgomaster of Mons, Belgium in November 1918. In addition, all members of the Canadian Corps who had reached the Mons area by Armistice Day were presented with a souvenir medallion of the City of Mons. Duplicates of this medallion are affixed to the box. Brigadier Gregg presented the Mons Box to 2 RCR on 1 June 1973. It has been presented annually since then to the winning platoon commander on the first appropriate battalion function after 1 June. The winner of the Mons Box is determined by a selection committee consisting of the Commanding Officer, the Adjutant, Company Commanders and any previous winners of the Mons Box serving in 2 RCR. These previous winners are no longer eligible to compete. All Subalterns, who have spent at least eight consecutive months of the previous year as a platoon commander, are eligible for the award. The Mons Box is displayed in the silver cabinet of the Saint Andrew's Barracks Officers' Mess in CFB Gagetown. It is placed in front of the current winner during all Mess Dinners and it contains the after dinner cigars. Each winner of the Mons Box receives a souvenir trophy.

The Brigadier Milton F. Gregg, VC, Centre for the Study of War and Society was created at the University of New Brunswick in 2006 to further Canadians' knowledge about conflict, and is devoted to excellence in the study of war as a complex social phenomenon. Marc Milner is the first Director. The centre incorporates the UNB History and UNB Military and Strategic Studies Programs.

title: Milton Fowler Gregg


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Reginald Graham

Lieutenant Colonel Sir John Reginald Noble Graham, 3rd Baronet, (17 September 1892 – 6 December 1980) was a British businessman, army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He received the award "for most conspicuous bravery, coolness and resource when in command of a Machine Gun Section" during the Samarra offensive in 1917, during the First World War.

Early life
Graham was born at Calcutta, India, on 17 September 1892, the eldest son of Sir Frederick Graham, 2nd Baronet. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge.

First World War
Soon after the First World War broke out, Graham joined the British Army and was posted to 9th Battalion, The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's). In 1916 he was seconded to 136 Company, Machine Gun Corps, which was sent to Mesopotamia. During the Samarra offensive, Lieutenant Graham was in command of a machine gun section co-operating with the 56th Punjabi Rifles (Frontier Force) near Istabulat on the evening of 22 April 1917. He was awarded the Victoria Cross for his subsequent actions that night:

"Lt. Graham accompanied his guns across open ground, under very heavy rifle and machine gun fire, and when his men became casualties, he assisted in carrying the ammunition.

Although twice wounded he continued during the advance to control his guns and was able, with one gun, to open an accurate fire on the enemy, who were massing for a counter-attack. This gun was put out of action by the enemy's rifle fire, and he was again wounded. The advancing enemy forced him to retire, but before doing so he further disabled his gun, rendering it useless.

He then brought a Lewis gun into action with excellent effect till all the ammunition was expended. He was again severely wounded, and forced through loss of blood to retire.

His valour and skilful handling of his guns held up a strong counter-attack which threatened to roll up the left flank of the Brigade, and thus averted what might have been a very critical situation."

After recovering from his severe wounds Captain Graham, as he had become, was ordered back to Mesopotamia where he continued to serve until January 1918, when his company was transferred to Palestine where he was given command of the unit with the rank of major.

After the war, Graham returned to Scotland to a hero's welcome at his home village of Cardross.

Business ventures and later life
Graham later worked in India in branches of the family firm, William Graham and Company, founded by his great-great-grandfather in Glasgow.

In 1920 Graham married Rachel Sprot, daughter of Sir Alexander Sprot, 1st Baronet. They had one son (who inherited the baronetcy as Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet) and one daughter, Lesley, who married Jock Wykeham Strang Steel.

Graham succeeded to the Baronetcy on the death of his father in 1936. During the Second World War, he was given a temporary rank of lieutenant colonel and served in Scottish Command. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1946 New Year Honours, and awarded King Haakon VII's Cross of Liberty in 1949.

From 1959 to 1979 Graham was Usher of the Green Rod to the Order of the Thistle, and participated in many state occasions including the unveiling of a memorial to King George VI in St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh in 1962. He died aged 88 in Edinburgh. He was cremated at Mortonhall Crematorium.

Lady Graham died in 1984.

Memorials
Graham's medals are held by the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders Museum in Stirling Castle on loan from the family.

Reginald Graham's Commemorative Memorial Stone was unveiled at the Cardross War Memorial on 22 April 2017, the 100th anniversary of his gallant action. There is a second Commemorative Memorial Stone to him in the National Memorial Arboretum along with Memorial Stones for all the other VCs who were born abroad.

title: Reginald Graham


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Lone Justice (album)

Lone Justice is the debut studio album by American roots rock band Lone Justice, released in April 1985.

Reception
The album received some critical acclaim, but it failed commercially. Trouser Press described the problem as over-promotion: "It isn't that Lone Justice's first album is bad (it's not), but the ballyhoo that preceded the LA quartet's debut raised expectations that these frisky countryfied rock tunes (Linda Ronstadt on speed, perhaps, or Dolly Parton backed by the Blasters) couldn't possibly satisfy. Maria McKee is an impressive young singer — an energetic, throaty powerhouse with a Southern twang and a slight Patsy Cline catch — and the band is solid enough, but... [the album] doesn't come anywhere near extraordinary."

Track listing
Writing credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

Personnel
Adapted from the album's liner notes.

Lone Justice
 * Maria McKee – vocals, guitar, harmonica
 * Marvin Etzioni – bass guitar, background vocals
 * Ryan Hedgecock – guitar, acoustic guitar [1, 7], background vocals
 * Don Heffington – drums

Additional personnel
 * Benmont Tench – piano, organ, background vocals [1, 8]
 * Bobbye Hall – percussion overdubs
 * Mike Campbell – guitar [3]
 * Bob Glaub – bass guitar [3]
 * Little Steven – rhythm and lead guitar [6]
 * Tony Gilkyson – guitar [7]
 * Annie Lennox – background vocals [6]

Production
 * Jimmy Iovine – producer
 * Shelly Yakus – engineer, mixing, overdub engineer
 * Joe Chiccarelli – engineer, overdub engineer
 * Greg Edward – engineer, mixing, overdub engineer
 * Thom Panunzio – engineer, overdub engineer
 * Gabe Veltri – overdub engineer
 * Bruce Lampcov – assistant engineer
 * Steve Shelton – assistant engineer
 * Steve Hirsch – assistant engineer
 * Greg Droman – assistant engineer
 * Steve Strassman – assistant engineer
 * Bill Jackson – assistant engineer
 * Don Smith – mixing, overdub engineer
 * Dave Thoener – mixing
 * Stephen Marcussen – mastering
 * Carlyne Majer – management
 * Janet Weber – production coordination
 * Chuck Reed – crew
 * Deborah Turbeville – photography
 * Paula Greif – art direction
 * Jeffrey Kent Ayeroff – art direction
 * Jeri McManus – design
 * Julien – hair
 * Michel Voyski – make-up
 * Barbara Dente – stylist

title: Lone Justice (album)


text:
Talk:Józef Beck

Photo
I think the article would be enhanced by a photo of Beck. Logologist 08:06, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Concerning the Minorities Treaty
This paragraph: "The main problem with it was that, while Poland and Czechoslovakia were forced to respect the rights of their respective German minorities, the Polish and Czechoslovak minorities in Germany and Soviet Union were not so protected." is my opinion somewhat flawed. I believe that we should explain the reasons why particular people took particular decisions in history, but we should not justify their actions. Explanation, not justification should be the aim here.

To begin, the Soviet Union did not attend the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, did not sign the Treaty of Versailles, indeed in 1919 did not maintain diplomatic relations with any of the major powers at Versailles peace conference, so to talk about the injustice of the Allies not imposing a Soviet Minorities Treaty is rather ahistorical. Second, there was no such ethnicity as Czechoslovak. Czechoslovak refers to the nationality; in the interwar period there were ethnic Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians, Ukrainians, Germans and Poles who traveled on Czechoslovak passports. I presume that was meant by the “Czechoslovak” minority in the Soviet Union are ethnic Czech and Slovak populations. To the best of my knowledge, the vast majority of the ethnic Czech and Slovak populations lived in Czechoslovakia, not the Soviet Union during the interwar period. Third, it true that Germany did not treat its Polish minority particularly well during the interwar period (to say nothing of the Soviet Union which regularly shot and deported members of its Polish minority as “Polish spies”), but to say that this justifies Beck’s rejection of the Minorities Treaty is to take a two wrongs make a right position. Forth, to claim that the Minorities Treaty forced Poland to respect the rights of the German minority is not quite right. The Minorities Treaty imposed that obligation; if any of the minorities felt that Poland was not living up to that obligation, they could complain to the League of Nations's Human Rights Committee. The Committee could hear the case and then rule in favor of the minority group making the complaint or the Polish government. However, the Human Rights Committee had no means of enforcing its rulings. Right up to 1934, various minority groups representing the Ukrainian, Byelorussian, German, Lithuanian, and Jewish minorities did go to Geneva to complain about what they claimed were violations of the Minorities Right. Often the Human Rights Committee did rule in their favor and just as often the Polish government ignored the rulings. As far as I see, it was in large part Beck’s annoyance with these rulings against Poland that motivated his decision to denounce the Minorities Treaty. Third, it is true that after 1926 when Germany joined the League, that the German government did back various ethnic German groups in Poland at the meetings of the Humans Right Committee and it is also true that during Gustav Stresemann's time as Foreign Minister, there was a ulterior motive to these cases; namely to persuade the world that Poland was persecuting its German minority as a way of creating international pressure to force Poland to return the Polish Corridor to Germany. But given that Colonel Beck during his time as Foreign Minister regularly made the status of Polish minorities in Lithuania and Czechoslovakia his business and again he had a ulterior motive at least in regards to Czechoslovakia; namely as way of getting international pressure on Prague to hand over the disputed Teschen/Cieszyn region to Poland. Thus to denounce the Germans for doing the same thing that Colonel Beck was doing seems taking a somewhat POV position. To be fair to Colonel Beck, I don’t think he saw anything as being particularly hypocritical in complaining about Germany championing the cause of the German minority in Poland while he at the same time championed the cause of Polish minorities in Lithuania and Czechoslovakia, but just because he took that view does not necessarily mean his POV should be justified in the article.A.S. Brown 05:40, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

 * There is a good image of Beck here, but I have no idea of its copyright status.
 * Was his name pronounced Bekk or Betsk? Adam 08:51, 15 March 2006 (UTC)
 * It is [bek], just as in English. I'll add an ogg file in a matter of minutes. Halibutt 12:08, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Beck's status
I think a some weight could be given to Alan Taylor's ascerbic opinion of Beck. On the strength of the present article it is impossible to reach any other conclusion than that Beck was an unpleasant airhead. Taylor goes further and suggests; "Between two flicks of the ash off his cigarette... the illusory great Poland signed her death warrant." Beck's insane project for MittellEurope, and his refusal to support Czechoslovakia because of Tesin went a long way towards setting the stage for WW2. Maybe his refusal, not to compromise, but even to negotiate over Danzig (Gdansk) actually fired the first shot? At any rate, the guy's commitment was to realpolitik, as the previous entrant points out, not idealism. He just played it unbelievably badly. Regards, DylanThomas 11:57, 6 November 2006 (UTC).

 * Beck wasn't liked by western diplomats, because he wanted to pursue his own independent policy. I you

would knew POlish, I would recommend you few books on the topic. During the interwar period, most western politicians expected Poland to be obedient client of western Powers and they were enraged by any sign of independence in thinking. Also remember, that Poland offered Czechoslovakia military alliancein 1933, which was refused by Czechs, and it offered French a chance of preventive war against Hitler, which was refused by French.
 * Also it's false that he refused to negotiate over Danzig. He was perfectly willing to negotiate - he wasn't ready to listen to ultimatums dictated by Germany. Taylor is so pro-German that's even not funny. Szopen (talk) 09:25, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

The Franco-Polish Alliance of 1938? I am sorry but Britain was the only player in the Real World. A load of biplanes against ME109s is not a preventative war- it is preventative suicide. The Czechs refused an alliance that meant the loss of their Ruhr for exactly that reason; and negotiation, by simple definition, involves talking. Beck was too obstinate or stupid or both to talk. Taylor was not pro German, he was possibly the only one on the Labour side to consistently support Churchill; He just happened to think the Poles were led by idiots. —Preceding unsigned comment added by DylanThomas (talk • contribs) 17:41, 10 May 2008 (UTC)

"Beck played a decisive role in triggering WWII?"
"Beck played a decisive role in the evolution of the rapidly deteriorating political situation in Europe during the months preceding the start of the Second World War, through his refusal of Germany's proposal concerning the Free City of Danzig…"

This is an appalling statement! It reflects and repeats exactly the views of Neville Chamberlain and the British establishment that it would be better if Poland had allowed itself being served on a plate to Germany ("peace in our time"). How ignorant about historical realities one must be to profess that Germany would have been satisfied with moderate concessions from the Polish side? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.212.171.26 (talk) 10:35, August 27, 2007 (UTC)

Read Joachim Fest's 'Hitler' and you'll understand. -- Ishikawa Minoru (talk) 21:01, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

How is Beck's surname pronounced?
In English or German, it is a common surname pronounced "Bekk". But is this a Slavic "c" (pronounced "ts"), yielding a pronounciation "Betsk"? Hcunn (talk) 02:37, 4 September 2008 (UTC)

Andros64 (talk) 12:59, 23 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Exact Polish pronounciation is as in English or German.

Argument that mutual hatred between Beck and Beneš ended chance of alliance
It is claimed that ‘mutual hatred between Beck and Beneš ended chance’ of an alliance but I have put reference disagreeing with this. The reference I found disagrees with the existing comment. Added counter argument and unless someone reference the original claim, I will remove. Please comment if you disagree within the next month. Jniech (talk) 14:48, 29 November 2008 (UTC)

Lack of inline citations
I have over the last week hopefully improved the article including many inline citations. I still have some doubts about parts but I have put citation required where necessary. Therefore I suggest we removed this tag. If any editor disagrees then please indicate any major area of concern and I will try to action. Jniech (talk) 14:49, 29 November 2008 (UTC)

"Cynthia" (Amy Elizabeth Thorpe)
Re: "See also": It is disconcerting to see a cock-and-bull story such as William Stevenson's about "Cynthia" (Amy Elizabeth Thorpe) and her supposed theft of Enigma secrets through an amorous aide of Polish Foreign Minister Józef Beck (in Stevenson's A Man Called Intrepid, 1976) once more being offered to the public as bona-fide history, over a quarter-century after historian Richard Woytak demonstrated its falsehood—and that of other fabrications presented by F.W. Winterbotham, Anthony Cave Brown and F.H. Hinsley—in his introduction to Marian Rejewski's "Remarks on Appendix 1 to British Intelligence in the Second World War by F.H. Hinsley," published in Cryptologia, vol. 6, no. 1 (January 1982).

Historical fiction such as this should not be presented as fact in an encyclopedia. Unless verification can be provided for other of the vague, unsubstantiated assertions that are made in the "Amy Elizabeth Thorpe" article and in Stevenson's discredited book, on which that article is largely based, the "Amy Elizabeth Thorpe" article should be deleted in its entirety. Nihil novi (talk) 20:04, 29 August 2010 (UTC)

Beck as a German agent
I believe it's highly dubious to include the statement "By 1938, what has now just been recently disclosed, Beck had received 300,000 marks by Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe Hermann Wilhelm Göring, as confessed by that of Alfred Gerstenberg, who was then General-Lieutenant of the Luftwaffe. This was seen as an act of recruitment by the Nazis, in which Beck had agreed upon, given the increasing friendly relations from then-on between Poland and Germany" in the article.

This information was provided by Alfred Gerstenberg while in Soviet captivity, in the custody of the NKVD, and it's worth pointing out that the sum mentioned was at that time the equivalent of about 20-25 years of income for Beck, see for example salary statistics in Maly Rocznik Statystyczne 1939. Giving someone a cheque for such a sum seems like a very odd practice, as Beck would likely have drawn attention to himself if he tried to cash it. It's also clear that Beck did not participate in the hunting trip mentioned by Gerstenberg, see reports in Polish newspapers such as Czas or Dziennik Poznanski (available online). If you look at Irina Bezborodova's work about German generals in Soviet captivity you'll find other examples of similar testimonies and doubts about how they were obtained. There has been a thorough discussion about this issue on the Swedish web site "Skalman".

Someone knowledgable in Polish should take a look at the Polish Wikipedia article and the section about similar claims made earlier.

130.236.83.206 (talk) 20:02, 18 July 2011 (UTC)

B-class review
This article is currently at start/C class, but could be improved to B-class if it had more (inline) citations. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| talk to me 23:42, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

Why do I have to put up with nonsense?
These edits:

Removed a statement which has been tagged as unsourced since 2008 (!)

Removed a paragraph which was obviously some random user making stuff up (also unsourced).

Removed a bunch of unsourced off-topic stuff from the article.

Removed some POV weirdness, most likely also added by random IP addresses.

Then Miacek/Estlandia, who was recently involved in edit wars at other article (including violations of 3RR) shows up and just does a blanket revert. This seems like an obvious attempt to provoke an edit war. It's hard for me to come to a conclusion except that Miacek/Estlandia has decided to provoke edit wars with me until he gets me sanctioned (it seems like he's ok with taking some hits himself). This, after months of following around my edits to articles which he has never edited and doing the same. I'm sick of this crap. Either provide a sensible rationale for your reverts or don't revert. And stop it with the stalking. Volunteer Marek 01:59, 11 March 2013 (UTC)

Ditto. For example this statement: "Beck played a decisive role in early 1939 staunchly refusing Hitler's demands to subordinate Poland and turn it into a German puppet-state by giving away strategic territories in Pomerania to Germany and by joining the Anti-Comintern Pact directed against the Soviet Union. " Reads like some opinionated history professor just pasted it from her or his blog. This is an encyclopedia: state an objective event [citation], then various analyses and historical interpretations of the event [citation, citation, citation]. If this was my field of study I would help to do so myself. 108.41.249.172 (talk) 18:30, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

His idea to send the Jews to Madagascar
Beck was notorious in his idea to send the Jews to Madagascar. That is not in the article. Could anyone add it?--82.132.228.189 (talk) 23:22, 2 May 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Józef Beck


text: Category:Lone Justice albums

title: Category:Lone Justice albums


text: Talk:Lone Justice (album)

title: Talk:Lone Justice (album)


text:
Edric Gifford, 3rd Baron Gifford

Major Edric Frederick Gifford, 3rd Baron Gifford, VC (5 July 1849 – 5 June 1911) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Military career
Edric Gifford was born at Ropley in Hampshire on 5 July 1849. His father was Robert Francis Gifford, 2nd Baron Gifford, and his mother was Hon. Swinburne Frederica Charlotte FitzHardinge Berkeley. His brother was Maurice Gifford, CMG, who raised "Gifford's Horse" in the Second Matabele War.

He was educated at Harrow, and in 1869 entered the 83rd Foot. On the death of his father in 1872, he became 3rd Baron Gifford.

In 1874, at the age of 23, Gifford was a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion, 24th Foot (later the South Wales Borderers), British Army during the Third Anglo-Ashanti War, when the events took place which resulted in the award of his Victoria Cross with the citation:"For his gallant conduct during the operations, and especially at the taking of Becquah. The Officer commanding the Expeditionary Force reports that Lord Gifford was in charge of the Scouts after the Army crossed the Prah,' and that it is no exaggeration to say that since the Adansi Hills were passed, he daily carried his life in his hand in the performance of his most dangerous duties. He hung upon the rear of the enemy, discovering their position, and ferreting out their intentions. With no other white man with him, he captured numerous prisoners; but Sir Garnet Wolseley brings Him forward for this mark of Royal favour most especially for his conduct at the taking of Becquah, into which place he penetrated with his scouts before the troops carried it, when his gallantry and courage were most conspicuous."

In 1876, Gifford left the 24th Foot, moving to the 57th Foot. In 1878 he was in Cyprus, and in 1879 he was aide-de-camp to Sir Garnet Wolseley in the Anglo-Zulu War. Shortly afterwards he retired from the Army as a brevet major.

Colonial administrator
Gifford married Sophia Catherine Street, the daughter of Gen. John Alfred Street, in April 1880, then went to Western Australia, which was at that time a British colony. He arrived in Western Australia in October 1880 and immediately took up an appointment to the position of Colonial Secretary, and a nomination to the Western Australian Legislative Council. After leaving Western Australia in January 1883 following disputes with the Chief Justice, Sir Henry Wrenfordsley and the Governor Sir William Robinson, Gifford was Colonial Secretary of Gibraltar from 1883 to 1887. In 1889 he became a director of the British South Africa Company.

Edric Gifford died on 5 June 1911 in Chichester, England. He had no children. His nephew John Fitzhardinge Paul Butler also won a Victoria Cross.

Edric Gifford's Victoria Cross medal is not publicly held.

title: Edric Gifford, 3rd Baron Gifford


text:
Talk:2-6-6-4

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.trains.com/Content/Dynamic/Articles/000/000/001/817ygeos.asp
 * In 2-6-6-4 on 2011-05-25 06:55:14, 404 Not Found
 * In 2-6-6-4 on 2011-06-10 04:41:42, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 04:42, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:2-6-6-4


text:
File:VCStephenGarvin.jpg

Photo of Victoria Cross recipient Stephen Garvin, migrated from the Victoria Cross Reference site with permission. Photo submitted by Neil Hutton.

title: File:VCStephenGarvin.jpg