text:
Talk:Dragostea Din Tei

New T.I. song, with Rihanna
It samples Dragostea din tei, and has rihanna sing a chorus to the tune of it (but with different words). It's called "Livin your life." Worth mentioning? Here's a youtube vid with it, so y'all know it's real: http://ie.youtube.com/watch?v=URJW9zv-VvQ —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.62.15.132 (talk) 04:19, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I think it is worth mentioning. --Hippoharry07 (talk) 23:28, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

Only one translation makes sense
If you've ever lived in Bucharest you know about the romantic walks around the Tei Lake neighbourhood. So "(Our) Love in the Tei (Park)" makes a lot of sense. On the other hand we do not favor making love under the linden tree or IN the linden tree and we do not have a special love of these trees above others. Moreover, these last interpretations are suspect from a gramatical point of view. However we DO like taking our sweetheart out for a romantic stroll along the Tei lake shore. NOW what surprises me is that O-Zone's own translation is INCORRECT. Did they not know what their 'own' lyrics meant? After all, they were new to the city and unlikely to know about this park. And to think they were sued by one of the guys (Bogdan Popoiag from the band Unu) who was collaborating on the record, claiming that HE wrote the song? He did not win, but then it may be difficult to prove in court who actually wrote it, but it must've been a native of Bucharest. The lyrics to me seem very unlikely to have been written by a newcomer to Romania and Bucharest. Another reference in the song ('haiduc voinic') sends us back 30 years to a Pheonix song 'Andrii Popa'. How were Ozone familiar with this saying? After all they did not grow up listening to Pheonix and it seems unlikely for this exact saying to be used commonly Moldova.

So who did write it?
So who did write it? This article says that Dan Whatshisface wrote it and then says that there's a controversey. Wtf? Who did ritght it? I don't see anything on CNN or all.

 * I agree, there had to have been some kind of lawsuit or decision made about this. They had to have some kind of evidence, or at least one of them had to have released their CD first. They're from different countries, so how could they steal the unpublished song in order to publish it themselves? Lotusduck 18:23, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I want to know this as well - I have been trying to find out on amazon and the record company's site, but to no avail. To me there are a few indications that Dan Balan (the O-zone) guy wrote it: The segment that's sung by Radu (one of the band members) in the O-zone version "alo sunt eu picasso" (hello, it's me Picasso) makes less sense to be sung by a woman as in the Haiducii version. (A woman wouldn't claim as easily to be Picasso in a song). Furthermore, fansites report that Radu is really good at drawing and that his nickname is "Picasso" (http://fan.edgeofnight.net/radu/) - also, if you watch the music video, they actually use a lot of drawings in it. The only other possibility is that some unknown composer/writer wrote it. But Dan Balan actually studied music and has written a lot of other songs, so he'd definitely be competent. (Ben, 2 March 2006)

Dan Balan wrote the song and won the lawsuit against Haduci who stole it.

Range
So many unanswered questions (at least for me). Which one is the bass and which one the tenor? And what does the third person do? And who is this female fourth voice that sometimes pops up?

Versions
What, no mention of the Brazilian version of this music? A talentless hack called Latino turned it into "Festa no Apê" ("Party in the Apartment"), and his awful lyrics are about a party so hot, it turns into an orgy at a point.

 * RE: It sounds funny!

 * What's more funny is the AUSTRIAN version of this, by Antonia aus Tirol, check a sample out on her page!! --Drx 12:44, 2005 Feb 3 (UTC)

 * Ridiculous. Latino is a poor brazilian singer and him version to this music is sad.

 * There is now two sub-sections on memes, parodies or minor versions of this song. Only two versions are notable - O-Zone's and Haiducii's, as they were released. Any memes/parodies shouldn't dominate this article, as agreed in the Numanuma VfD, Gary Brolsma VfD and Numanuma Merger/Keep discussions. I'm about to clean this up and i'll be keeping what is relevant on these whilst not turning this into a parody-dominant article. Hedley 22:59, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Wait a minute. Don't apply the comments in a VfD for a different article to this one. The issue in the VfD for either of those articles is whether or not those topics warrant their own article, not whether their content should be incorporated into WP. This distinction is important.
 * The Numanuma article right now includes a significant mention and short list of Flash images that use Dragostea, but have nothing to do with the Gary Brolsma video indicated by the article title. That discussion doesn't belong there, but it certainly can have a place here, in the article for the song that they use.
 * If "Dragostea" is the inspiration for a dozens covers and parodies, and a hundred Internet videos, this is both notable and relevant to cover. I agree, only the more notable or unique examples should be included, but I don't agree that we need to be afraid to expand that section to reflect the rippling popular effect of this song.
 * - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 22:17, Mar 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't deny that some inclusion needs to be there, but the important versions are there now. Adding more into DDT again on the Numa numa meme isn't necessary - Enough is already there right now, and users wanting to know more can go to it's own article. The most notable versions are there already; Indeed, other versions exist, but I doubt theres any worthy of being covered. Hedley 03:28, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Hello. I have a quaestion but not sure where to find the answer -- or even post it -- so I have placed it here. I hope someone can help. Is there a version of this song with just the background music and no lyrics? Thanks!

 * I'm afraid I don't know of any version like that. I have, however, seen plenty of videos on YouTube with an Israeli version, supposedly sung for an Israeli version of American Idol or something... Anyone else know of this?

There is no reference to the spanish version (Not sure where it was originated) but in Argentina the Group "Los Sultanes" sign this version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xVblpOp4cI — Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.224.92.247 (talk) 01:50, 24 February 2018 (UTC)

Gay anthem
Why "Dragostea Din Tei" is considered a gay anthem? I don't understand!

 * The Romanian lyrics are gender-free, but O-Zone's video is considered as gay. And the song seems to be well-liked by gays. Los Morancos's version is clearly gay as seen in the lyrics ("Fiesta, fiesta y pluma, pluma gay" = "Party, party and gay gait, gait") and the video. --Error 02:48, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It might be because of the Morancos' version, though I'm not sure but it seems that because of phonetic similarities the song was already being joked upon as "Marica iiiii" or stuff like that before the Moranco's "Pluma Gay" version. And at least two people commented something around the lines of "that sounds like something sung by an affeminate group. Not understanding a thing of what's being said also helps... 189.180.66.167 05:01, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

O-Zone's video is considered as gay? Why? And when a song is well-liked by gays, it turns a gay anthem? What a silly thing!

 * From a Brazilian page,
 * "Dragostea" foi considerada o hino gay do verão na Espanha e o segundo melhor vídeo do ano na G-A-Y, a maior boate GLS de Londres, perdendo apenas para "Toxic", de Britney Spears.
 * "Dragostea" was considered the gay anthem of the summer in Spain and the second best video of the year at G-A-Y, a main gay-lesbian-S[what is S]? boate [disco?] of London, just losing to Britney Spears' Toxic.

 * S = Sympathizer; that is, a straigth person who hangs around with gay people, and supports "gay rights" issues such as same-gender marriage. I heard it's usual now to say GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender) rather than GLS. - 200.195.79.186

 * I can't verify these assertions. --Error 20:51, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, Dragostea is authentic gay culture. Mateusc 02:01, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I think Dragostea Din Tei could include a line such as 'Dragostea Din Tei is also popular in the gay community'. I don't like anything labelling it as a song for gays. Hedley 16:54, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Hedley, is "possible" the word you are looking for? I don't understand. --Error 02:33, 22 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Corrected. Hedley 17:15, 22 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * well, it does have a high voiced guy singing the lines of what would be a girl if this song were about a straight relationship. The song is a kind of back and forth dialogue between two lovers, in the haiducii version they are a man and a woman. So it comes down to two things: Is a woman singing "sweet jane" or the beatles' "she loves me" a gay song or not? And secondly, did Haducci write this song, or did o-zone? Lotusduck 18:30, 4 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm not an expert on the matter or a GLBT but I think you're confused. It does not matter what the intention of the composers/producers was NOR what you particularly think of it. What does matter is are there enough people in the GLS/GLBT community who consider it an anthem for them? I don't know the answer to this but if the Brazilian page is accurate, then it appears it is. BTW, being a gay anthem doesn't make it a song only for gays (indeed it's probably misleading to call it a gay song or a song for gays) NOR does it mean there's anything wrong with heterosexuals/straight people liking it. YMCA, I will survive and other songs which are definitely gay anthems according to large sections of the GLBT yet they are also popular among heterosexuals/straight people. Nil Einne 19:40, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

Dragostea din Tea is a song that is as straight as a pole since it is talking about a girl it is not a gay anthem.

 * Girls can be gay too, you know ... --Florian Blaschke (talk) 17:36, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

Romanian poem
I was told that "Love under the linden trees" is an allusion to some Romanian poem. --Error 03:24, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Unfortunately the lyrics gives no clue for "automatic", unambiguaous translation.

The preposition "din" conveys the general menaing of source, origin, reason:

din floare în floare = from flower to flower, out of: a ieşi din magazin =to walk out of the shop; of: pâine din făină albă =bread of white flour, din întâmplare =by chance; din ce în ce mai =more and more; din greşeală =by mistake; din teamă =for fear; din dragoste =for love

So "dragostea din tei" is an expression with the meaning of a kind of love that is asociated with linden trees. Linden trees are a cliche for love scenery in Romanian poetry. Mikkalai 20:35, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)

The subtitles for the music video are the most genuine source for translation. They say "And the love of the linden tree, reminds me of your eyes". Hedley 00:44, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure why this would be assumed, unless you know who was responsible for the translation. It is not a given the the subtitles on a given copy of the video are necessarily from an authoritative source. The only reliable source would be the band (i.e. Dan Balan), who presumably knows the real meaning behind their song. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 21:41, Mar 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * But, it is as accurate as we can get. Indeed i've seen the video on TMF UK, The Hits and others and they all carry the same subtitles. Thus it must of been sent out with the video package and I can't imagine that being wrong. Hedley 21:46, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * That's not my point. The fact that they are the same on all copies of the video lends little to their accuracy. There are plenty of albums where the lyrics included with the album aren't correct. The point is that just because all copies of the video have the same subtitle doesn't mean that they were put there by someone who knew the real meaning. And quite frankly, the subtitles in that video are barely intelligible as English. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 22:38, Mar 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * That's because it's Romainian, a very different language and very different culture. You're going on and on about a 'what if'.

Re-written/Clean-up
Ok, i've completely re-wrote and cleaned-up this. I've kept all the recent additions but now the article is about the song, aswell as the memes, the mock versions and the flash videos. Hopefully its in a better state than before. Hedley 01:08, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Despite your insistence that the parodies and memes of the song should not be prominent in the article, your version specifically mentions Numanuma in the introductory paragraph. This is inconsistent. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 00:23, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * It seems fair, as Numa numa is the only meme with its own sep article, not to mention it received coverage from the New York Times and a multitude of other media outlets. I'm not sure why you perceive this to be inconsistent.  —RaD Man

(talk) 00:30, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with the above user. It is a key part of the song and the opening is only intended as quick summary of information. Parodies and memes should not be prominent - See earlier revisions before I rewrote where indeed up to half of the article was on them - But they need a mention because they are an important relation to the song. As you readded a large amount of information on memes in a (now reverted, debate below) edit, I don't see what you are suggesting with your comments. Hedley 01:50, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

The English in this sentence does not make sense: "O-Zone's version was the most popular across Europe, with the exception of Italy, where it was only known by discogoers, and Sweden" / This sentence says the song was popular in Europe and Sweden, but not Italy. Needs clarification. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.154.106.61 (talk) 19:15, 19 January 2010 (UTC)

Language

 * Dragostea Din Tei is written in Romanian, despite the groups Moldovan origins

That sounds like "Smells like Teen Spirit is written in English, despite the group's American origins." Moldovan language is for most people another name of Romanian language. I wouldn't mention Moldova there. --Error 02:00, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, I wasn't up on my Moldovan when I wrote that. Hedley 13:44, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Reword reversion
(Moving this discussion here where it can be followed by anyone else interested in the article. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 00:35, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC))

[Hedley:] Feel free to discuss your specific issues with my changes on Talk:Dragostea din tei. I am confident that my rewrite organizes the different facets of the topic in a more organized and consistent fashion, removes some irrelevant items, and improves on many grammatical problems, and generally comes closer to Wikipedia article standards. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 21:15, Mar 17, 2005 (UTC)

I would fully love to know exactly who you discussed this with in the chat room, and whether we are talking about the Wikipedia IRC channel or some other place. I am astonished that the grammatically incorrect, awkwardly worded, and POV-laced version was found to be more suitable by a group of experienced Wikipedians. I will bring this issue to Request for comments. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 00:13, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Your version included terms such as 'complete rip-off' and short abbreviations, whilst also leaving a large gap following bad formatting. You also removed some information. I don't see how it was POV-laced.
 * That does not justify a revert. And I contend that much of what you consider "removed" is in fact retained in condensed form (instead of mentioned more than once, which is unnecessary). I can only recall a few minor, irrelevant details that I did not retain -- such as the names of other songs that have no relation to this one other than the irrelevant fact that they happened to be above it on the charts.
 * And for the record, my version does not use the phrase "complete rip-off" anywhere; though "rip-off" is used, and is clearly stated as a common opinion rather than a fact. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 00:31, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * And what is this "large gap" you speak of? I see no such gap, at least none that are not also present in your version. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 00:35, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

Of course, i'm happy to take it to comments. If your version is deemed to be better there, than that's fine, I just received a consensus that my version was preferred (and complimented). Hedley 00:20, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Ok, i'll put forward my case here. Your version had a large gap where the table on the right finished, so there was just a blank space on the left, which wasn't pretty at all. I achieved consensus from a few members of the chat room (their names i've forgotten) that said that my version was a better one. In general, you only complicated the article and brought back things which were my reasons for rewrite and expansion in the first place, such as clutter on memes that was intended to be reduced so the article was about the song. You returned factual error like 'Romanian group Haiducii' - They are indeed Italian, although their vocalist is Romanian and they are named after the Romanian word for outlaw. Furthermore, you presented abbreviations which weren't necessary and it doesn't read nicely to see 'many consider this a complete rip-off'. Either way, i'm happy to go with what people feel, but I only reverted because of opinions expressed by others, and not because I just want my version to be there. Hedley 01:47, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, I call them "Italian-Romanian", a valid description which your own words do not contradict.
 * I still don't see where my version has a different "gap" than yours, but in any case, I put the image for the O-Zone video in the section on videos which makes perfect organizational sense.
 * The memes surrounding this song are quite relevant. NumaNuma is especially relevant because it is widely considered to be the first exposure to the song for quite a lot of people (especially those who are not part of the dance club or electronic music audiences). Newgrounds.com along lists about 11 Dragostea movies and Flash animations in their "Numa Numa" collection, and they plainly state that this is only a sample of the more notable ones. A search for "Numa" on their site finds even more. The use of "Dragostea" as a meme in so many works of art, even online, is unprecedented for a song like this, especially a non-English one and especially considering it has spread via those memes into countries in which it has not charted or received any mainstream play. Furthermore, its popularity as parody fodder in places as distinct as Brazil, Spain, and Holland is notable, especially for a band that was internationally obscure before this song. A very significant part of the story behind this song is its popularity as parody material and Flash animations. You have misconstrued the arguments in VfDs for two other articles and assume that the reasons given against those specific articles must also apply to all Wikipedia content.
 * This is what I just said. To an extent some are relevant - The relevant ones are already featured. Content on Numa numa was lowered by Mikkalai as the VfD for it's own article failed, and in my re-write I kept what he left. You re-added it which has been agreed to not happen. Hedley 11:39, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Again, you completely misrepresent my words, which is mind-boggling considering that my version is plainly available to view in the article history. Regardless, you don't dispute the fact that many people *do* consider the song a rip-off, but you have an unexplained objection to that wording. Meanwhile, your version includes made-up words such as "inparticularly". But for the record, my version's wording says: "is widely considered to be an unauthorized and unattributed rip-off". In any case, one mildly and questionably objectionable word is hardly grounds for a revert.
 * Neither are my use of abbreviations grounds for a revert. That sort of problem can be fixed simply by changing the abbreviated words. And that's provided that there are any grounds for objecting to the use of such abbreviations in Wikipedia, which I'm not aware of.

 * Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 05:20, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * I have made some additions to the current Dragostea Din Tei article, adding the factual benefits of your version such as the information on the Dutch version of the song. Some of the grammatical errors in my version have also been fixed. Hedley 17:07, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Revert reasons
Anonymous edits are permitted on WP. The simple fact that an edit was from an IP does not constitute a reason for reversion. If there is a valid content related reason for reversion, that's another thing. But Hedley's revert statements simply say "reverted IP changes". That isn't a valid cause for revert. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 21:47, Apr 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * In the most recent case it was as a link to a Numa numa fan site was added. Thus, it was reverted. Numa numa is a different matter to this, and has it's own article, where than fan site is linked. Hedley 02:06, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)

HTML comments
Using HTML comments to provide guidance to potential editors is not only commonly used in WP, it is specifically mentioned in the Manual of Style:

 * If you want to communicate with other potential editors, make comments invisible to the ordinary article reader. To do so, enclose the text which you intend to be read only by editors within  and  .

Given that, I am restoring the comment.

Keith D. Tyler ¶ [ AMA ] 05:32, Apr 16, 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
This article appears to be attracting some revert vandalism. Basically, IP users are coming in and reverting to a version which seems to be from back before I rewrote this (when information on Numanuma was making up over half of the article). Hedley 22:10, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Crappiness
This song has a high level of crappiness. Oh come off it, music snob. I'm a serious classical musician and I f*cking love Dragostea Din Tei. It's no Brahms, but it sure as hell is fun. K. Lastochka 05:29, 8 August 2006 (UTC) Actually, the song is so crappy that it wouldn't be appropriate even for a TV series theme, or commercial brake jingl. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.65.199.97 (talk) 11:56, 23 November 2020 (UTC)
 * This very constructive point was made by 213.229.186.67. Hedley 16:39, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Yep, that comment gives us a lot of information about the song. —Preceding unsigned comment added by FiringRange (talk • contribs)

Copyvio?
It looks like large portions of this article were lifted directly from here. On the other hand, it could be that that site took the text from Wikipedia. Now the question is, who plagiarized whom? --Whimemsz 00:00, May 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * I re-wrote Dragostea Din Tei from scratch myself and Gary Brolsma has obviously picked up the material from the article. I'll contact him if I can find a way but the copyvio isn't on this article. Hedley 17:21, 10 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, thanks for clearing that up. --Whimemsz 20:41, May 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I contacted them. See, there is now a Wikipedia credit there. Hedley 15:22, 11 May 2005 (UTC)

"Distinct differences"

 * The two versions of the song had distinct differences ["The two versions" referring to those by O-Zone and Haiducii]

Other than that the versions are in different keys, and the "Ma ia hii, ma ia huu" bit is repeated in the background of the final chorus in the Haiducii version, I couldn't hear any real differences at all. True, they are technically distinct differences, but are they notable? - furrykef (Talk at me) 07:44, 24 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, the 'mia ai hii' bit is performed by a female in Haiducii's version, and the male in Haiducii's version has a very different voice which alters the song quite a bit. There are other differences also. Hedley 15:56, 24 May 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm aware of that, but I don't consider it distinct enough to be notable. The song as a whole is largely the same. Same words, same structure, same accompaniment, only different key, different performers, and the repetition of the "ma ia hii" in the final chorus. - furrykef (Talk at me) 20:25, 24 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, your free to change it obviously, maybe to 'slight' or 'some'. Hedley 21:50, 24 May 2005 (UTC)

Who stole from whom
It is not wikipedia's business to judge and guess who is the thief. The release time argument is just this: an argument, a guesswork. Just the same, the song hints that it was for man/woman duet. The words "you go away, but you don't take me with you"  sound ridiculous from the mouth of a man (uless he is gay, but I didn't hear about gay haiducs), but make a sense when a girl says this to a haiduc. So this is an argument if favor of haiducii, not to say that their name matches the song as well. So, wait for the court to decide. mikka (t) 16:46, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Also, user:Hedley wrote in edit comments: "Paula Mitrache isn't the only member of Haiducii". Both at her webpage and in numerous places in numerous languages I see that "Haiducii" is claimed to be an alias of Paula. If you have a different information, please add it to Paula Mitrache article. But please don't base this on a sole argument that gaiducii is plural. mikka (t) 16:57, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The Haiducii version of the song (and the video) has two vocalists on it - a man and a woman. Based on this it appears that there is more than one member of Haiducii.
 * Yes, that, too. I am wondering why and how Paula claims all for herself. I see no references so far. mikka (t) 20:54, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I understand it as that Paula is the face of Haiducii, that can be just a producer who hires voices and players as needed. --Error 22:15, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Also, on the Dragostea Din Tei promo by Haiducii there is another song called "Spring". It is simply an instrumental dance track, and as Haiducii is a dance act I think it is the case of it being some producers, with a vocalist who fronts the group, much like Sector7seven, Lasgo and other dance acts. Hedley 22:44, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * As for the release date, I think it bears relevance because it is generally more likely that Haiducii stole the song. DiscOZone was released in 2003, well before Haiducii released their version to public. At the time O-Zone released their album, Haiducii were practically unknown.
 * There may be plenty of reasons, starting from money. mikka (t) 20:54, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * O-Zone couldn't of stolen a song that wasn't released to the public. If Haiducii had made it, they would of had to of given the song to O-Zone, and I find that unlikely as then they wouldn't of stolen it in the first place. Hedley 22:44, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Also, O-Zone are apparantely gay, which makes sense of their use of the lyrics. I'm not bothered if the line is not included, although I think it is worthy of a mention. Hedley 19:15, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * How would you know a gay from sight? (don't answer) If so, why the gay rights movement on wikipedia did not claim them, e.g., by categorizing? mikka (t) 20:54, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, gays in several countries have taken the song as a gay anthem.--Error 22:15, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I can't remember where I read it, but i'm sure I read that at least one of them is openly gay. Also, the gay rights movement claimed this article as about a "gay anthem", which I removed requesting evidence. Hedley 22:42, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Very simple: Nobody stole anything. This was just a huge and successful PR stunt. It's exactly the same song, thus you wouldn't get away with this. Also an Italian singing Romanian is pretty uncommon. The only explanation would be stolen demo "tape" but wouldn't they at least change the lyrics? --82.141.49.30 08:36, 4 July 2006 (UTC) Haduci stole the song from O-zone this is a fact because they took it up in court and O-zone won.
 * The article and the poster above both mention a court case, but it's not referenced. Please provide one, a lot of people are curious about this matter 128.2.184.59 14:36, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

WTF? How can this song be a Haiducii cover? This article says that O-Zone released it April 19, 2004 and Haiducii article says that she released this January 2004. Haiducii release is then at least 2 ½ months earlier. 82.141.127.155 (talk) 13:12, 21 February 2011 (UTC)

Changes to Other Versions
I reverted recent changes to other versions. Judging from the wider version differences, it removed information on the notable "Rotti vs. Haiducii" version and seemingly implemented part of Numa numa which i'm not sure makes any sense, seeing as it should only be summarised here. Hedley 29 June 2005 15:54 (UTC)
 * Ok, that seems better. Hedley 30 June 2005 17:09 (UTC)

Japanese Metal Version
Could someone find me the lyrics of a metal version of this song in japanese? it something like "maiya ho, maiya shi, maiya khu, maiya kalah", i dunno.

"First Love"
Last Tuesday's Romanian Gândul newspaper wrote that initially, the title of the song was "Dragostea Dintâi" ("First Love"), but they kept pronouncing "din tei" (from the linden tree) instead of "dintâi" (first) and it eventually stuck like this. bogdan | Talk 19:45, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

I added From the linden tree.

 * Almost 12 years later a reply: yes, it is a word play. If you talk Romanian with a modovan accent, then "din tei" und "dintâi" sound very much alike or identical. So on the one hand you have the allusion to Mihai Eminescu with the linden tree but on the other hand something much less poetic when you talk about someone's "first time" Lajos vH (talk) 11:21, 23 February 2017 (UTC)

Maiahi
In the article, the Japanese version is referred to as "Maiyahi" with a "Y", while it is actually "Maiahi" with no "Y". The title here in Japan is 「恋のマイアヒ」, "koi no maiahi", which I actually would translate as "The Maiahi of Love". I think the title in the article should be changed to that, or a least change the spelling to "Maiahi", which would be an accurate translation of the katakana.--Psanyo 01:57, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Dragostea din Tjej
As "din tjej" means "your girl" in Swedish, I keep associating the name of this song with doing something sexual with your girlfriend. — J I P | Talk 10:52, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Uncle  Montezuma  18:15, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

Spelling
Isn't it spelled Dragoștea din Tei rather than Dragostea din Tei? Geoking66 04:18, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

 * No, it isn't. The word for love is "dragostea", pronounced "dra-goh-stea" not "dra-goh-shtea" (as ş would indicate). "Dragoş" (pronounced "Dragosh" is a Romanian name, but that's a different matter. [[Image:Flag of Europe.svg|20px]][[Image:Flag of Romania.svg|20px]] Ronline ✉ 08:06, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

Recent merger suggestion from Numa Numa
I think it's a bad idea to do a merger; I think "Numa numa" is notable enough on its own for an article. Andy Saund e rs 12:16, 10 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oppose. The Numa Numa article is not about the song per se, but about the internet phenomenon.  Exploding Boy 15:42, 10 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oppose per Exploding Boy. The Republican 01:25, 13 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oppose I personally don't think they will go together, not to mention it might create havoc of problem when other users attempt to search. Dooly00000 18:14, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oppose Articles should be merged if they are essentially the same thing. These really are totally diffrent things that have one large connection. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.6.169.187 (talk • contribs)

 * Oppose. Originally was merged - This article become dominated by it, when the song is better-known globally. So keep it seperate. Esteffect 21:47, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

WootkingTom 20:33, 17 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose They are two versions of the same thing, but it doesn't fit with the other orticle
 * Oppose For the reasons above, plus merging the two would result in a rather excessively long article. DWaterson 21:12, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oppose I had no idea the song was by "Dragostea din Tei". All I had to go by was "Numa Numa". "Numa numa" is much easier to search for. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.18.66.2 (talk • contribs)

 * Oppose. The articles appear to be on reasonably different things to warrant separation.  Additionally, "Numa numa" really is more famous than "Dragostea din Tei", so it doesn't make sense to merge the former into the latter.  --C S (Talk) 11:26, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Ok, after looking at all the responses on both talk pages thus far (since tag was placed on May 10th), it seems that besides the proposer, nobody has voiced the slightest support for a merge. And it's certainly been long enough, so I'm going to remove the merge tag. --C S (Talk) 11:53, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

African > Afrikaans
I changed the description of the South African version of the song that came out as Net die een vir my (Just the one for me) from "African" to "Afrikaans" as this is much more accurate as the song is sung in Afrikaans. Of course Afrikaans means African but there are dozens, probably hundreds of languages in Africa and although Afrikaans developed in Africa it is a Germanic language derived from Dutch.

 * Saying 'Afrcan' instead of 'Afrikaans' is not less accurate, it is completely wrong despite word origins. You do not say "fluff" instead of "duvet" just because you are speaking English. You don't use 'bear pelt wearer' instead of berserker just because of current language from over a millennium ago. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 105.225.233.15 (talk) 17:08, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

Why "Tei"?
Are we applying English capitalization rules for a Romanian title? May I remind you that grammar rules in Romanian stipulate that titles are capitalized in sentence style, no exceptions. The place for this article is definitely at Dragostea din tei, otherwise Tei could be mistaken for a place name, a person's name, etc. — Adi Japan   ☎  05:38, 23 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Page moved. -GTBacchus(talk) 02:33, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I believe the reason it was capatalised as such is because that is how it is capatalised on the CD cover. Besides, "Dragostea Din Tei" as a whole is a noun, being a song name, and having it non-capatalised could mean that it is mistaken for a phrase or sentance... -MarkKB 13:37, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

Capitalizing titles on CD covers often ignores grammar rules, as part of the graphic design. You must have seen for example titles written with all small letters. Besides, din is a preposition (meaning of, from), so capitalizing it would be a mistake even according to English grammar rules. I believe just having the quotation marks there makes it sufficiently clear it is not a sentence. — Adi Japan   ☎  03:50, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

I'm sure the CD cover says "Dragostea Din Teï", not Tei. Uncle Montezuma  18:14, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I highly doubt it, since there is no " ï " in Romanian.

 * for what it's worth, it is written as "teï" on several covers, including here. an error it may be, but it certainly has propagated.  --a self called nowhere (☎) 20:46, 15 November 2011 (UTC)

It's in some version of In The Groove 2?
It hasn't been on any that I'VE played on. It WAS going to be on In The Groove 3, however Konami bought the rights to ITG, and release seems unlikely. ToyoWolf 05:53, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Last time I checked, this song is not in In The Groove 2. I believe this entry must be deleted because it's not true. Adavalosjr 13:37, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

Is this true?
'There are several other memes of "Dragostea din tei" in circulation, making the song one of the most parodied of recent times.'

Says who?

This Backwords
Should this be noted on the page?!?!?

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4051932156193914502&q=backmasking
 * no. Plebmonk 22:19, 17 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Care to elaborate?24.9.121.137 00:32, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
 * no. 12.116.162.162 18:39, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Band memebers
should be a list of the people in the band in the infobox, someone do it as i have no idea. Plebmonk 22:51, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Speculation and illogic
The translation section is embarrassing. Until someone actually comes by some serious knowledge, all this speculation needs to be pulled.

Furthermore, there's some non sequiturs afloat in this section. For example, "Furthermore, it provides something more universally meaningful, as the idea of love at first sight is understood more globally than the idea of love having to do with linden trees." The "furthermore" signals that this is cited as further evidence for the paragraph's theory. But this is begging the question: who says the writers of the song were striking for something universal? This assumes that the writers were not being provincial -- and yet provincial music is not uncommon. Why an assumption that something universal must have obviously been on the band's mind? That's gratuitious. And -- good grief -- such an assumption is made despite the article's complete lack of coherence on who even wrote the thing? "Well, whoever it was, surely they were trying to be universal." Please.

There's some good stuff in this article, but the proportion of tentative, provisional, and speculative material in this article is far higher than an average Wikipedia article.

rasqual 06:41, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Korea Version
There exist also an cover from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyun_Young —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.166.176.114 (talk) 2007-03-21 12:01:00 (UTC)
 * It is already mentioned in the Remixes and Parodies section. ― blue-kun 19:08, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

Japanese: "Maiahi" or "Maiyahi?" (And some other questions)
First of all: Which of these two is "The original Maiyahi" – or ? Seemingly the latter can be found more widely today and includes roughly as much "Dragostea din tei" as "Numa Numa" by Brolsma. The former, on the other hand, includes feline characters that refer to Monā more clearly than the main character of the latter. Considering the commercial dispute on Noma neko vs. Monā (see the article on Monā), I'd bet for the former one, but I really don't know.

Secondly: What is the original title of the Japanese Flash video, properly transcribed? It seems to be widely known as "Maiyahi" but "Koi no Maiyahi", "Maiahi" and "Koi no Maiahi" appear as well. Some of this confusion has spread to Wikipedia articles and should be corrected.

Thirdly: How should the title "Koi no Maiahi" (?) be translated? What do the words koi and mai(y)ahi mean?

Many thanks if somebody can answer these questions. – Jippe 06:29, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

 * In the phrase 恋のマイアヒ, you have six characters. 恋 is "koi," one of the words for love.  の is "no," the possessive indicator.  The remaining characters are マ (ma) イ (i) ア (a) ヒ (hi), which is a Japanese attempt to spell "Maya-hi" even though there isn't a "y."  Note that the Japanese letter for "ya" is ヤ and even though マイヤヒ (maiyahi) or マヤヒ (mayahi) are both probably accurate, neither of these were chosen for the name of this song.  Therefore, the best romanization is "Koi no Maiahi" with NO Y.  As for it's meaning, I went into that above, and that translates the title to basically "Maiahi of Love" or "Love's Maiahi," referencing the original lyrics.  --Yoshiaki Abe (talk) 15:38, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

Only known by discogoers in Germany?
"O-Zone's version was the most popular across Europe with the exception of Italy and Germany, where it was only known by discogoers." This is just wrong, at least for Germany. The version by O-Zone was #1 in the German charts, the version by Haiducii was #2. 84.190.222.60 03:00, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, wouldn't this be worth mentioning in the article? The same song, by two different artists/groups, occupied places #1 and #2 in the German charts. Can't imagine that this has ever happened before.SeverityOne (talk) 22:46, 26 September 2009 (UTC)

Spanish version
There is a spanish version of this song that has been around for quite long, since mid 2005. Unfortunately I don't have any source for now but I'll find one. Peace. 190.49.153.196 06:45, 30 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The Spanish version, called "Pluma Gay", is not an official remix, and there is an article about it, albeit a short one. -- Shruti14 t c s 23:22, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

English Version?
i heared a possible english version... talking about someone who loved someone and saying "when you leave, my colours fade to grey"...is this an official version or a remix to sound like one cos it sounds alot like the guys on da music video sung it.OsirisV (talk) 19:24, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

 * It is an official remix written and recorded by the O-Zone band members themselves. It never was as popular as the original Romanian version, though.  I believe it is also called Dragostea din Tei, and the information is currently in the article. -- Shruti14 t c s 23:20, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Red Links
I found several red links in this article. If their subjects are notable, articles about them should be created, but if not, the red links should be removed. -- Shruti14 t c s 23:19, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Brazilian version
A weird guy called Latino fucked up the song and called it 'Festa no apê' (party in apartment)

Viral Video?
The USS Enterprise made a video that accidently turned into a video that, when you view, it gives your PC a virus, is that correct?  Colo nel Valh ala-112   04:15, 6 May 2008 (UTC)

Well, I have that video, and as far as I know, doesnt give you a virus. Ive even downloaded it to my computer and my phone. Its a great clip. Except, maybe, Dancing Fever--Omnipotence407 (talk) 19:30, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

Oh, so if I viewed it, nothing would happen? Thanks -- Colo nel Valh ala-112   21:31, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

Sure hope not, I've viewed it a lot. If you want to be extra sure, watch it on a safe site, like youtube --Omnipotence407 (talk) 22:26, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

Got it-- Colo nel Valh ala-112   23:59, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

"O- Zone was voted 4th hottest band in 2003."
According to who? By who? --Omnipotence407 (talk) 22:26, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

Moldavian or Romanian?
Is the lyrics not written in Moldavian dialect? I think so, since I have often read about this "Moldavian mega-hit". -andy 85.179.63.19 (talk) 20:08, 20 June 2008 (UTC)
 * No, the lyrics are indeed written in the Romanian language, although the singers are from Moldova. --Shruti14 talk • sign 21:21, 22 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Moldovans speak Romanian. Americans speak English.  Same thing.  209.157.254.99 (talk) 20:50, 4 December 2008 (UTC)

Combine Sections
Shouldn't the "Other Languages" subsection and "Remixes, parodies..." section be combined, since none of the listed "Other Languages" songs are official (all are remixes or parodies), and most of the "Remixes..." in the section are from other languages? It seems to me that it makes sense to combine the two. --Shruti14 talk • sign 21:21, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

U.S. Billboard chart position
In the opening of the article, it says the song reached "72 on the U.S. Pop 100". Then in the 'English language version' section it says "Unlike the original recording, however, this version was not as successful, charting at 72 on the Billboard Charts". That sounds like they were equally successful. Warcraft82 (talk) 01:21, 15 December 2008 (UTC)

Hungarian Parody
The Hungarian Numerakirály is a parody, not a straight cover. I don't know if it's worth noting. 81.182.237.89 (talk) 06:12, 25 December 2008 (UTC)

LOL! Didn't get it.
The main article about the band tells they are Romanian band. The article tells they are Moldavian. Who they are really? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.58.145.69 (talk) 03:25, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
 * They're Moldavian. --Gikü (talk) 20:46, 15 June 2009 (UTC)

Translation
Perhaps the number of possible translation variants for the title should be cut down and/or referenced. NYT gives "Love From the Linden Trees". Pcap ping  09:49, 2 December 2009 (UTC)

Haiducii's male backup singer?
Whom is he? Is he Gabry Ponte, or is GP a DJ who did a mix of the song? Does this guy have any solo stuff? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.135.167.21 (talk) 02:12, 15 March 2013 (UTC)

Genre
Please do not re-add the genre in with a citation needed tag. There was plenty of time for people to add a source. No one did, so it'll be removed until someone finds one.

For further information, see this quote: Time to dig out the old standby.

Andrzejbanas (talk) 17:03, 28 March 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, Jimbo is no longer a dictator. His writings are not a bible fot 2000 years. His quotations are meaningless out of historical context. Please follow wikipedia policies of the today. In particular WP:Verifiability. Not every sentence must be deleted because is is not footnoted. The genre was not footnoted because nobody thought is is an issue. If you see an issue, please talk to people.  Nevertheless, if you want to stick to THE Jumbo-Bible/Reevelations, you have to spend years to understand them correctly. In patricular, in this quote Jimbo uses the term "pseudo information". In Jmbo-exegesis this  translated to "highly dubious information which has a Snowball's chance in hell to be correct or important". Clearly, this is not the case here.

 * Also, in the future, if you start talk in talk page, please do not start a revert war at the same time. Please wait for other people's opinions. Neither Jibmo nor you have a monopoly for Truth. Only WP:CONSENSUS. Staszek Lem (talk) 02:23, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

Jewish/Na Nach version
The chorus to this song is popularly sung by Brelovers as Na Nach nachma Nachman me'uman (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_Nach_Nachma_Nachman_Meuman)http://www.nanach.net/2009/03/numa-numa-song-nanach-style.html. Is this noteworthy? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.80.157.76 (talk) 09:27, 25 October 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 2 one external links on Dragostea din tei. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090108142247/http://www.allbusiness.com:80/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4383881-1.html to http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4383881-1.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070929223128/http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8qcw_pluma-gay-los-morancos to http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8qcw_pluma-gay-los-morancos

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 08:32, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 one external links on Dragostea Din Tei. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101231080428/http://www.ultratop.be:80/fr/annual.asp?year=2004 to http://www.ultratop.be/fr/annual.asp?year=2004
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120305062106/http://www.disqueenfrance.com/fr/page-259376.xml?year=2004 to http://www.disqueenfrance.com/fr/page-259376.xml?year=2004
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091216231711/http://www.mtv.de/charts/Single_Jahrescharts_2004 to http://www.mtv.de/charts/Single_Jahrescharts_2004
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080522014633/http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=2004 to http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=2004

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:20, 16 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Dragostea Din Tei. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140201234300/http://www.infodisc.fr/S_Certif_Diamant.php?debut=41 to http://www.infodisc.fr/S_Certif_Diamant.php?debut=41
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160107083236/http://www.infodisc.fr/S_Certif_Argent.php?debut=257 to http://www.infodisc.fr/S_Certif_Argent.php?debut=257
 * Added tag to http://www.musicstreet.com.sg/mst/prodView.asp?idProduct=166
 * Added tag to http://www.iol.ie/~fuzzy/download/Noona%27s_Dream.mpg
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100127040311/http://artists.universal-music.de/ozone/ to http://artists.universal-music.de/ozone/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:53, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dragostea Din Tei. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060130150439/http://avexnet.or.jp/girlsbox/ to http://www.avexnet.or.jp/girlsbox/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:46, 5 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Dragostea Din Tei. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/chart/w060920_3.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.newgrounds.com/portal/view/206373
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071013224740/http://news.media.daum.net/edition/entertain/24/starnews/v.html?_enter=c to http://news.media.daum.net/edition/entertain//24/starnews/v.html?_enter=c

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 16:40, 14 December 2017 (UTC)

"Numa Numa 2"
It seems that some new version or remix or something has been produced. Suzukaze-c (talk) 04:52, 19 September 2018 (UTC)

Title capitalisation
The title of this song isn't following Romanian (or Moldavian) title capitalisation rules. Romanian uses sentence case, rendering the title as "Dragostea din tei". It's the only song on the original track list of DiscO-Zone that capitalises each word.

Some argue that it follows some CD releases. But even if this is correct, wouldn't it still be appropriate to use the proper capitalisation for the language, as there's no agreed formatting of the title? The Romanian article uses sentence case: ro:Dragostea din tei. Wikidata even uses the sentence case for English: Q161407; then there's a mix of which format is used on other Wikipedia languages; where the English Wikipedia might be a possible influence on the formatting.

Summary: As the formatting of the title isn't agreed upon. Why not use Romanian formatting? Liggliluff (talk) 11:26, 9 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dragostea Din Tei


text: Category:Law enforcement in Belarus

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Law enforcement in Belarus


text:
Jo Grant

Josephine "Jo" Grant, later Jo Jones, is a fictional character played by Katy Manning in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. Jo was introduced by Barry Letts and Terrance Dicks in the first episode of Doctor Who's eighth season (1971) as a new companion of series protagonist the Doctor, in his third incarnation (Jon Pertwee). After the Doctor's previous companion Liz Shaw (Caroline John), a scientist and intellectual, the production team looked to introduce a less experienced companion to act as an audience surrogate. Jo appeared in 15 stories (77 episodes).

Within the series narrative, Jo is a junior civilian operative for United Nations Intelligence Taskforce, an international organisation that defends the Earth from alien threats, assigned as an assistant to the Doctor, who is initially stranded on Earth. Once he regains use of his time machine, the TARDIS, she accompanies him in travels across time and space. Jo departs the Doctor's company in the 1973 television serial The Green Death having fallen in love with a human professor. On television, she next encounters the Doctor over thirty-seven years later in the 2010 Sarah Jane Adventures serial Death of the Doctor.

Manning and Pertwee enjoyed a close working relationship; Manning felt this added to the success of the partnership between Jo and the Third Doctor. Though her character was criticised for not being a progressive interpretation of a woman, Manning felt both that feminism was not a contemporary concern and Jo had her virtues aside from her intelligence, such as her loyalty. The character's exit is generally considered one of the emotional high points of Doctor Who's 1963–1989 run; Russell T Davies felt pressure to remain true to this exit when re-introducing the character in 2010 for The Sarah Jane Adventures.

Television
Jo first appears in the 1971 serial Terror of the Autons, having been assigned to the Doctor (Jon Pertwee) as a replacement for Liz Shaw (Caroline John). Apparently, she gained the assignment to UNIT because her uncle, a high ranking civil servant, had "pulled some strings". Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart (Nicholas Courtney) assigns her to the Doctor, who is initially dismayed when he finds out that she is not a scientist, but accepts her because he does not have the heart to tell her otherwise. An enthusiastic, bubbly and sometimes scatter-brained blonde, Jo soon endears herself to the other members of UNIT, especially Captain Mike Yates (Richard Franklin) and Sergeant Benton (John Levene). The Third Doctor is also particularly attached to her, and she is devoted to him, refusing to leave his side even where mortal danger is involved.

There is plenty of danger to go around as well, especially after the Time Lords restore the Third Doctor's ability to travel through time and space. Jo faces the hazards and wonders of travel with the Doctor with courage and plucky determination. Together with the Doctor and UNIT, she encounters such perils as killer daffodils, time-eating monsters, and renegade Time Lord the Master (Roger Delgado). She is miniaturised, hypnotised, flung through time, nearly aged to death, and menaced by giant maggots and ancient dæmons. Over time, Jo also grows more confident and mature, until she is independent enough to stand up to the Doctor, which she does in her last serial, The Green Death in May–June 1973. During the events of that story, Jo falls in love with Professor Clifford Jones (Stewart Bevan), a young, Nobel Prize-winning scientist leading an environmentalist group. At the end, she agrees to marry Jones and go with him to the Amazon to study its vegetation, the news of which the Doctor greets with a mixture of pride and sadness.

Jo Grant (now Jo Jones) returned in two episodes of the fourth series of The Sarah Jane Adventures in Death of the Doctor (2010), meeting her replacement companion Sarah Jane Smith (Elisabeth Sladen) for the first time, and subsequently the Eleventh Doctor (Matt Smith). The two attend a memorial service for the Doctor, but later learn aliens faked his death in order to steal the TARDIS using Jo and Sarah Jane's memories. Jo is still married, has seven children and twelve grandchildren, and travels with her grandson Santiago (Finn Jones); she is envious of Sarah Jane for having had several Doctor encounters since her departure, but has herself led a fulfilling life travelling the world promoting humanitarian and ecological causes. Ultimately, Jo and Sarah Jane's memories of their time with the Doctor are what defeat an alien plot to steal the TARDIS. After returning her to London, the Doctor discloses to Jo that he secretly visited her during the events of "The End of Time," having checked on all of his previous companions before regenerating into the Eleventh Doctor.

Manning reprised the role of Jo in a cameo in "The Power of the Doctor" (2022), as part a support group of previous companion that start sharing their experiences of The Doctor.

Other media
The Seventh Doctor encounters an alternate version of Jo in the Virgin New Adventures novel Blood Heat in an alternate timeline where the Third Doctor was killed and the Silurians have conquered Earth (Doctor Who and the Silurians). A middle-aged Jo is featured in the spin-off novel Genocide, by Paul Leonard, where she and Jones have a son named Matthew and are divorced, Jo collaborating with the Eighth Doctor and his current companion Samantha Jones to avert a plot to erase the human race from history. Alternatively, text stories in a UNIT-orientated special issue of Doctor Who Magazine, written as in-universe articles, state that Jo, her husband Clifford and their eight-year-old daughter Katy "now" live in North Wales and she is standing for Parliament as a Green Party candidate. Jo's appearance in Genocide was highlighted in a trailer for the re-launched Doctor Who range which was included on a number of BBC videos in 1997–78. The trailer used a clip from Frontier in Space to illustrate Jo. She briefly appears in the novel Sometime Never... as one of several companions abducted by current villains the Council of Eight, who sustain themselves by draining energy from the potential timelines of the Doctor's friends, the novel depicting her abduction and return to Earth after the Doctor defeats the Council.

Manning has also reprised the role of Jo in three "announcement trailers" for the Blu-ray releases of the eighth, ninth and tenth seasons of Doctor Who on the series' official YouTube channel. Each trailer depicts Jo in the present day as she encounters an iconic monster from each season: the giant maggots from The Green Death in the season 10 trailer, the Autons in the season 8 trailer and the Sea Devils in the season 9 trailer. Stewart Bevan also returns as Clifford in the season 8 and 10 trailers; however, after Bevan's death in 2022, Manning appears alone in the trailer for season 9, in which Jo mourns the loss of her husband.

Doctor Who (1971–73)
For his first series, producer Barry Letts had primarily worked on stories inherited from the previous production team. When it came to assessing his and script editor Terrance Dicks' approach to the next series, they identified a need to replace the Doctor's assistant, for the purposes of exposition and audience identification. Previous companion Liz Shaw had been conceived as a brilliant scientist who could discuss matters with the Doctor on an equal footing; the replacement would be younger and more naive, someone who could ask, "Doctor, what's all this about?" An early memo described Grant as "Not a scientist, though with enough basic background to understand what's going on. Other sources, including Barry Letts, have said there was an initial idea to make the character more 'exotic' with a tougher, sexier edge, but not academically brilliant, so as to give the Doctor the much-wanted (by Pertwee) chance to play the father figure. Along with the Brigadier's new second in command, Captain Mike Yates, the character of Jo Grant was inspired by the male–female companion pairing of Jamie McCrimmon and Victoria Waterfield, whom Letts had previously directed, with the intention of a possible romantic subplot for the two. Manning stated in a 1998 interview with SFX however, that "With Jon and I there was no need to put any love interests into the show because there was this closeness between Jo and the Doctor, and there was no room for them to have anything else going."

Letts and Dicks also intended that Jo Grant would be cast so as to go beyond the stereotype of a "pretty doll... who can just stand there and scream." They settled on young actress Katy Manning, whose personality had impressed in an otherwise shambolic audition. Others shortlisted for the part included Yutte Stensgaard, Shakira Baksh, Jenny McCracken, Cheryl Hall, and Gabrielle Drake. According to the commentary provided by Letts for the DVD release of Terror of the Autons, Rula Lenska and Anouska Hempel also auditioned for the role. The same DVD notes that Pertwee himself had spotted Manning in the lobby of the BBC TV Centre, but had not known who she was. He told Letts he had seen the "perfect actress" for the role, but Letts was unaware of who he was extolling. When Letts cast Manning and introduced her to the show's star, Pertwee was delighted and said "I told you she was the girl for the part". Both Jenny McCracken and Cheryl Hall explain on the DVD commentary for the "Special Edition" of Carnival of Monsters, that they were on the final shortlist of six actresses for the part of Jo, losing out to Manning. Barry Letts cast them both in Carnival of Monsters as a direct consequence of their auditions.

Like previous companions, Manning's character was clothed in contemporaneous fashions and attitudes, providing reference points for the audience of a science fiction series that could not incorporate events of the day. Similar to Pertwee's Doctor, Jo Grant was an "action-style" character, with the actress performing some of her own stunts — understandably so, given that her diminutive stature could not easily be doubled by a male stunt performer — though it is debatable whether the character fully broke any stereotypes. Reflecting on her appearances, Manning stated that feminism "wouldn’t have been discussed around my era" and was not a concern in the depiction of Jo. She felt Jo provided a good contrast to the Doctor's intellectual confidence; she is able to handle a situation one moment before acting irrational the next, this made it "exciting for everybody". Manning felt that though "academia was not her strong point...loyalty was" stating that the character would "go through hell and high water for any of the UNIT group". Piers D. Britton, a writer of reference works of Doctor Who felt that Jo's characterisation posited her as subordinate to the Doctor; for example she encourages "the assumption that she is his ward". Jo's romantic interest, Clifford Jones, in The Green Death is posited both as "a younger counterpart to the Doctor" and "his 'appropriate' replacement within the heteronormative order".

The Sarah Jane Adventures (2010)
In April 2010, it was announced in a press release that the character would return in an episode of the fourth series of the Doctor Who spin-off The Sarah Jane Adventures, also guest-starring Matt Smith (the Eleventh Doctor). Elisabeth Sladen, who portrayed the lead role of Sarah Jane Smith in the spin-off, indicated that she was "delighted to be working with [Manning]", having known the actress for a very long time. Manning was surprised but very pleased to be asked to appear in the Doctor Who spin-off; playing Jo again was something she had "never really considered". Doctor Who 2005–2010 executive producer and creator of The Sarah Jane Adventures Russell T Davies later indicated in an interview with Doctor Who Magazine that Jo's return would be more than a "cameo", and a "full-blooded" appearance.

Davies felt pressure to remain true to the original character of Jo. In an interview with SFX he stated that he watched old episodes of the show "for the first time ever" in planning a story within the Doctor Who universe. He wanted to "preserve the absolute beauty of what Barry Letts and Terrance Dicks did" with Manning's last Doctor Who story, The Green Death. Manning was "surprised at how it all came back" and felt that Davies had "done a wonderful job of showing how Jo has developed over the years". She felt that Jo was still "the young and awestruck girl she was" but "tempered by experience and maturity." Davies expressed his contention that the character had been left "with the promise of happiness, of adventure, of love and joy" and it would be wrong to interfere with that. At the official Doctor Who Convention 'Panopticon' organized by the Doctor Who Appreciation Society to celebrate the show's 30th anniversary in 1993, Manning was interviewed on stage with Jon Pertwee and insisted that Jo would have divorced Dr Jones, stating "I tell you what, she's left him! The one she went.. no way! She definitely left him. She got half way up the Amazon and said 'this is not going to work'. So I would only come back if she wasn't still married". However, in the commentary for the DVD releases of both The Green Death (revised edition) and Death Of The Doctor, Manning contradicted this statement, stressing that Jo would never have divorced and would have remained with Jones.

Tales of the Tardis (2023)
Drawn into a Memory Tardis, Jo reunites with Clyde Langer (Daniel Anthony), whom she met during her appearance on The Sarah Jane Adventures, to discuss her time with the Doctor and the events of The Three Doctors, comparing her friendship with the Third Doctor to Clyde's with Sarah Jane Smith. The off-screen voice of Stewart Bevan at the end of the episode suggests Jo's late husband Cliff has now joined her.

Media impact and reception
In his 2005 book, Inside the Tardis: The Worlds of Doctor Who, James Chapman described Jo as a reversion to "the screaming bimbo type" as a "well-meaning but accident prone dolly bird". He claims however, that Manning's "engaging personality and 'kooky' sex appeal... made her one of the most popular Doctor Who companions". The character remains remembered for this sex appeal, particularly in light of a naked photoshoot in the magazine Girl Illustrated with a Dalek prop which Chapman states "gave her an extra-diegetic significance in the popular history of Doctor Who". Lester Haines from the British technology news and opinion website, The Register, stated in light of a similar (clothed) photoshoot Kylie Minogue did in 2007 to promote her role as Astrid Peth that she was "unlikely to replace Katy Manning in veteran fans' affections".

In an online poll conducted by the Radio Times in 2010, with over 3,000 participants, Jo was voted the ninth most popular companion out of forty-eight options. Gavin Fuller of The Daily Telegraph listed Jo as the eighth best companion in Doctor Who history, describing her as a "perfect foil" and "insanely loyal". He additionally felt that she and the Third Doctor had "one of the warmest Doctor-companion pairings of the original series, as clearly seen in her leaving scene". In 2011, Mark Harrison of Den of Geek listed the character's exit as the third greatest companion farewell scene, stating it to be "the most emotional in Jon Pertwee's era" and "a bittersweet exit for one of the most popular companions." Will Salmon of SFX similarly listed Jo's departure as the fourth greatest farewell, noting how it was the first time the Doctor was "truly upset" since leaving Susan. Russell T. Davies believed that emotional moments such as Jo's departure were strongly defined in Doctor Who' original 1963–89 run; being "so memorable [to fans] simply because they are the only tiny emotional moments in the entire output".

Fraser McAlpine, reviewing Jo's appearances as companion for BBC America's Anglophenia blog felt to succeed as a foil to the "aloof" Third Doctor, having "the charm of nowadays on her side". He felt that Manning portrayed Jo's "mixed up innocence beautifully" and felt that her departure illustrated the Doctor's innate loneliness. The A.V. Club Christopher Bahn stated that Jo was "one of [his] favorites", but that, despite her "sweet and daffy charm", she was "a big step backwards" from her predecessor Liz Shaw in terms of pairing the Doctor with someone equal. Discussing Jo's return in The Sarah Jane Adventures serial Death of the Doctor, Ian Berriman of SFX magazine thought that "Davies nails the character the moment she walks through the door – clumsy, babbling, sweet-natured". He felt that "It’s really good to have her back" and stated the interaction between Jo and Sarah Jane to be "a treat".

title: Jo Grant


text: Category:Law enforcement in Ukraine

title: Category:Law enforcement in Ukraine


text:
Richard Chandler (antiquary)

Richard Chandler (1737 – 9 February 1810) was an English antiquary.

Education
Chandler was born in Elson, Hampshire. He was educated at Winchester College. He matriculated at The Queen's College, Oxford in 1755. He moved to Magdalen College as a demy in 1757, and graduated B.A. there in 1759, M.A. 1761.

Early work
His first work consisted of fragments from the minor Greek poets, with notes (Elegiaca Graeca, 1759); and in 1763 he published a fine edition of the inscriptions among the Arundel marbles, Marmora Oxoniensia, with a Latin translation, and a number of suggestions for supplying the lacunae.

Antiquarian work
In 1764 he was introduced by Robert Wood, who had produced the Ruins of Palmyra to the Society of Dilettanti and sent by them, accompanied by Nicholas Revett, an architect, and William Pars, a painter, to explore the antiquities of Ionia and Greece (1764-1766).

The Society's brief, drawn up 17 May 1764 was that the travelers make Smyrna their headquarters, and from there "..to make excursions to the several remains of antiquity in that neighborhood; to make exact plans and measurements, to make accurate drawings of the bas-reliefs and ornaments..copying all the inscriptions you shall meet with, and keeping minute diaries."

Having explored numerous sites in Anatolia and Ionian Islands, they continued to Athens, where they purchased fragments of sculpture from the Parthenon: "We purchased two fine fragments of the frieze which we found inserted over the doorways in the town, and were presented with a beautiful trunk which had fallen from the metopes, and lay neglected in the garden of a Turk".

The result of their labours were the Ionian Antiquities in two magnificent folios published by the Dilettanti in 1769, and, later, Chandler's record of the tour, Travels in Greece, or an Account of a Tour Made at the Expense of the Society Of Dillettanti (1776).

Later life
He subsequently held several church preferments, including the rectory of Tylehurst, in Berkshire, where he died in 1810.

Other works by Chandler were Inscriptiones Antiquae pleraeque nondum editae (Oxford, 1774); Travels in Asia Minor (1775); Travels in Greece (1776); History of Ilium (1803), in which he asserted the accuracy of Homer's geography. His Life of Bishop Waynflete, Lord High Chancellor to Henry VI, appeared in 1811.

A complete edition (with notes by Nicholas Revett) of the Travels in Asia Minor and Greece was published by Ralph Churton (Oxford, 1825), with an Account of the Author.

title: Richard Chandler (antiquary)


text:
Talk:Baseboard

Heating
This section is tiny. --Andrusi 18:00, 24 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I agree. I add a template to request expansion. When bigger, I suggest create an independent article. --193.145.201.52 (talk) 06:48, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

globalisation
I tried to make it a bit more neutral, but as I only have one perspective of it myself. so more views would come in handy. additionally, this should all be within the moulding article, as that's what it is. Up here we make no difference in the production process (paint, wood selection etc)if it's a baseboard, window/door or wall-to-roof moulding, as it's all technically the same, made from the same materials. The only thing that differs is the crossection of the moulding, wich sets limits on where it's practical to use it. Raymond Holmoey (talk) 20:15, 11 May 2012 (UTC)

Other materials.
Commercial base boards are almost universally composed of vinyl, rubber, metal, or tile. They are cheaper, require less skill to install than custom wood, and may better meet fire safety codes. Many modern building designs lack a baseboard altogether. To create a straight, perfectly 90 degree joint between floor and wall requires a lot of skill. Thank you, Wordreader (talk) 17:26, 24 March 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Baseboard


text: User talk:159.247.236.221

title: User talk:159.247.236.221


text:
Vychegda

The Vychegda (Вычегда; Эжва) is a river in the European part of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina. Its length is about 1,100 km. Its source is approximately 310 km west of the northern Ural Mountains. It flows roughly in a western direction, through the Komi Republic and Arkhangelsk Oblast. The largest city along the Vychegda is Syktyvkar, the capital of the Komi Republic. The Viled, the Yarenga, and the Vym are among its main tributaries. The Vychegda flows into the Northern Dvina in Kotlas (Arkhangelsk Oblast).

The river basin of the Vychegda comprises vast areas in Arkhangelsk Oblast and in the Komi Republic, as well as less extended areas in Kirov Oblast and Perm Krai.

About 800 km of the Vychegda is navigable. In 1822 the Vychegda was connected to the river Kama, a tributary of the river Volga, by the Northern Catherine Canal, which, however, has been disused since 1838. In summer, there is regular passenger navigation connecting Kotlas and Soyga (located approximately halfway between Solvychegodsk and Yarensk).

History
The area was originally populated by Finno-Ugric peoples, and was home to Vychegda Perm, which was then later colonized by the Novgorod Republic. Solvychegodsk was founded in the 14th century, Yarensk has been known since 1374. The area was attractive in the first instance because of the fur trading. From the Northern Dvina, the merchants went to the Vychegda, and further they could get directly to the river basin of the Pechora via either the Cherya and the Izhma, or via the Mylva.

Name
The Russian name – Vychegda – is believed to come from an ancient Ob-Ugric name with the meaning "meadow river" (reconstructed as *vič-oxt, compare Mansi wānsi "grass" and āxt "stream"). Komi Ežva is a calque from this name: eža "meadow" and va "water, river".

title: Vychegda


text:
Kapil Kak

Kapil Kak is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force, who rose to the rank of Air Vice Marshal. Kak is a Kashmiri Pandit. He was the Deputy Director at the Centre for Air Power Studies. He was awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal in 1981. Air Vice Marshal Kapil Kak is one of the many petitioners, who have moved the Supreme Court challenging the J&K Reorganisation Bill & the abrogation of Article 370.

title: Kapil Kak


text:
Fifth Column (disambiguation)

A fifth column is a group of people who undermine a larger group from within.

Fifth Column may also refer to:

Literature

 * The Fifth Column, a 1938 play by Ernest Hemingway, published in the volume The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories
 * Fifth Column, a 1940 book by John Langdon-Davies

Film and television

 * The Fifth Column (film) (also known as Hinkerort zorasune), a 2010 short film set in Beirut
 * "The Fifth Column", episode 2.35 of the military science fiction series Exosquad
 * "The Fifth Column", a group of alien dissidents in the V science fiction franchise, first shown in the original miniseries.
 * Die fünfte Kolonne (The Fifth Column), a German television series

Music

 * Fifth Column (band), an all-women post-punk band from Toronto, Canada
 * The 5ifth Column, an album by industrial rock band Acumen Nation
 * Fifth Column, a 2003 album by British musician U.N.P.O.C.
 * The 5th Column, official street team of the rock band AFI
 * Fifth Column Records, an industrial record label active in the 1990s

Others

 * Fifth Column (intelligence operation), a Second World War deception operation by MI5
 * The Fifth Column, a political and media gossip page in Ireland's Sunday Independent
 * Fifth Column (sotūn-e panjom), an editorial in the Iranian newspaper Jame'e written by Ebrahim Nabavi
 * The 5th Column, a fictional Nazi group in the City of Heroes MMORPG computer game
 * The Fifth Column Podcast, a libertarian-leaning podcast hosted by Kmele Foster, Michael C. Moynihan, Matt Welch.

title: Fifth Column (disambiguation)


text: User talk:209.173.6.253

title: User talk:209.173.6.253


text:
Etty Hillesum

Esther (Etty) Hillesum (15 January 1914 – 30 November 1943) was a Dutch Jewish author of confessional letters and diaries which describe both her religious awakening and the persecutions of Jewish people in Amsterdam during the German occupation. In 1943, she was deported and murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Life
Esther (Etty) Hillesum was born on 15 January 1914 in her family home in the town of Middelburg, the oldest of the three children – she had two brothers: Jacob, or "Jaap" (1916–1945), and Michael, or "Mischa" (1920–1944) – of Levie Hillesum (1880–1943) and Riva Bernstein (1881–1943). After completing school in 1932, she moved to Amsterdam to study law and Slavic languages. There, she met Hendrik (Hans) J. Wegerif, with whom she had a relationship that she describes in her diaries.

Etty Hillesum began writing her diary in March 1941, possibly at the suggestion of her analyst Julius Spier, whom she had been consulting for a month. Although his patient, Etty also became his secretary, friend, and, eventually, his lover. His influence on her spiritual development is apparent in her diaries; as well as teaching her how to deal with her depressive and egocentric episodes, he introduced her to the Bible and St. Augustine, and helped her develop a deeper understanding of the work of Rilke and Dostoyevsky.

Her diaries record the increasing anti-Jewish measures imposed by the occupying German army, and the growing uncertainty about the fate of fellow Jews who had been deported by them. As well as forming a record of oppression, her diaries describe her spiritual development and deepening faith in God. When round-ups of Jews intensified in July 1942, Etty took on administrative duties for the "Jewish Council", voluntarily transferring to a department of "Social Welfare for People in Transit" at Westerbork transit camp. She worked there for a month, but returned in June 1943, by which time she had refused offers to go into hiding, much to the consternation of her non-Jewish friends. This refusal was due to her belief that her duty was to support others scheduled to be transported from Westerbork to the concentration camps in German-occupied Poland and Germany. On 5 July 1943, her personnel status was suddenly revoked, and she became a camp internee, along with her father, mother, and brother Mischa.

On 7 September 1943, the family were deported from Westerbork to Auschwitz. Only Jaap Hillesum did not go with them; he arrived in Westerbork after their removal, and in February 1944, he was sent to Bergen-Belsen, dying shortly after its liberation in April 1945.

Etty Hillesum's parents are recorded as having died on 10 September 1943, suggesting they died in transit or were murdered immediately upon their arrival. Mischa Hillesum remained in Auschwitz until October 1943, when he was moved to the Warsaw Ghetto, where, according to the Red Cross, he died before 31 March 1944. Etty was murdered in Auschwitz on 30 November 1943.

Personal growth and philosophy
Etty Hillesum's youth was chaotic and turbulent, possibly resulting from her emotionally unstable family, to which she herself referred as a "madhouse". Her diaries reflect the inner turmoil that she experiences during her young adulthood, as well as the healing and growth during the years before her murder.

Russian authors and Christian mystics likely contributed to Hillesum's understanding of spirituality. She did not strive for ecstasy, but longed to meet the depth of her own interior and life itself. Her spirituality was not confined to her intellectual understanding of a greater power and is reflected in her diaries. In the concentration camp of Westerbork, she had unusual experiences of spiritual awakenings and insight: "Those two months behind barbed wire have been the two richest and most intense months of my life, in which my highest values were so deeply confirmed. I have learnt to love Westerbork". Hillesum addressed God repeatedly in her diaries, regarding him not as a saviour, but as a power one must nurture inside of oneself: "Alas, there doesn't seem to be much You Yourself can do about our circumstances, about our lives. Neither do I hold You responsible. You cannot help us, but we must help You and defend Your dwelling place inside us to the last." Still in Amsterdam, Hillesum developed an ideology of showing others the way to their own interior in a time of great adversity – the Nazi terror. Her time at Westerbork – as reflected in her diaries – portrays the redemption of her spirit, while her body was captured and eventually murdered. She neither denies the horror of the Nazi terror, nor identifies with her victimhood. In the midst of extreme conditions, Hillesum develops an awareness of the indestructible beauty of this world. She writes during her time at Westerbork: "The sky is full of birds, the purple lupins stand up so regally and peacefully, two little old women have sat down for a chat, the sun is shining on my face – and right before our eyes, mass murder... The whole thing is simply beyond comprehension." Hillesum continuously writes from a place of great tenderness, empathy, and realization.

Hillesum suffers great inner turmoil during her young adulthood, but increasingly transforms into a woman of maturity and wisdom. She writes: "Everywhere things are both very good and very bad at the same time. The two are in balance, everywhere and always. I never have the feeling that I have got to make the best of things; everything is fine just as it is. Every situation, however miserable, is complete in itself and contains the good as well as the bad." In touch with the equilibrium of a bigger picture she is aware of, she continuously draws from this place to find meaning in her current reality. Hillesum saw it as her duty to assist her people in preserving their human dignity in the face of Nazi attempts to not only murder Jews but also take away their humanity.

On 7 September 1943, less than 3 months before her murder, she threw a postcard with her final words out of a train: "Opening the Bible at random I find this: 'The Lord is my high tower'. I am sitting on my rucksack in the middle of a full freight car. Father, Mother, and Mischa are a few cars away. In the end, the departure came without warning... We left the camp singing... Thank you for all your kindness and care."

The diaries
Before she left for Westerbork, Etty Hillesum gave her diaries to Maria Tuinzing, with the instruction they be passed to Klaas Smelik for publication, should she not survive. Attempts to have them published proved fruitless until 1979, when Smelik's son, the director of the Etty Hillesum Research Centre, approached publisher J. G. Gaarlandt. An abridged edition of her diaries appeared in 1981 under the title Het verstoorde leven (An Interrupted Life), followed by a collection of her letters from Westerbork. A complete edition of her letters and diaries was published in Dutch in 1986 and translated into English in 2002. Her diaries were translated into 18 languages. Her letters were sent to friends and Hillesum's final postcard was thrown from the train in Westerbork, where it was discovered by Dutch farmers after her death.

Others' views
David Brooks sees Hillesum's ability to hold both intellectual skepticism yet humanitarian vulnerability in How to Stay Sane in Brutalizing Times.

Richard Layard has spoken with great appreciation of Hillesum's view that one must preserve one's inner self, or core.

Rowan Rheingans has drawn on Hillesum's writing, particularly on the coexistence of beauty and horror, and on allowing room for sorrow, in her album "The lines we draw together".

The poet Doron Braunshtein dedicated to Hillesum the poem "Etty Hillesum is my life" which is in his 2016's album "The lost New York diaries"

Palestinian writer Dina Awwad-Srour and Israeli Rabbi Emma Sham-Ba Ayalon are friends and peace activists who together created Etty Hillesum cards which contain quotes from Hillesum's writings in English, Hebrew, and Arabic. Both women were inspired by Hillesum's writings and have used the cards as the basis for a ritual commemoration on Holocaust Memorial Day in Israel/Palestine.

Publications

 * An Interrupted Life: The Diaries of Etty Hillesum 1941–1943
 * Etty Hillesum: An Interrupted Life the Diaries, 1941–1943 and Letters from Westerbork
 * Etty Hillesum: Essential Writings (Modern Spiritual Masters)
 * Anne Frank and Etty Hillesum: Inscribing Spirituality and Sexuality
 * Etty Hillesum: Letters from Westerbork

Research centre and museum
On 13 June 2006, the Etty Hillesum Research Centre (EHOC) was officially opened as part of Ghent University with a celebration at Sint-Pietersplein 5. It studies and promotes the research of Hillesum's World War II letters and diaries.

The Centre is directed by Klaas A.D. Smelik, who edited and published the Complete edition of the Letters and Diaries, and teaches Hebrew and Judaism at Ghent University. Staff member Meins G. S. Coetsier is the author of Etty Hillesum and the Flow of Presence: A Voegelinian Analysis.

A monument to Etty Hillesum is located in Deventer on the riverfront, and the local secondary schools are named after her. There is also a modest museum dedicated to her memory, the Etty Hillesum Centre, housed at Roggestraat 3, Deventer, the location of a former synagogue and Jewish school.

title: Etty Hillesum