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Night of the Living Dead (1990 film)

Night of the Living Dead (also known as George A. Romero's Night of the Living Dead) is a 1990 American horror film directed by Tom Savini (in his feature directorial debut) and starring Tony Todd and Patricia Tallman. It is a remake of George A. Romero's 1968 film of the same title; Romero rewrote the original 1968 screenplay he had originally co-authored with John A. Russo.

Like the original, the film follows seven strangers as they meet and survive in a rural farmhouse, following the awakening of cannibalistic zombies. It is the only "official" remake of the 1968 film, with other "unofficial" remakes coming out after, as a result of the source material's lack of copyright ownership (resulting in being in the public domain).

Night of the Living Dead was released by Columbia Pictures in the United States on October 19, 1990. The film received negative reviews upon initial release and grossed $5.8 million against a $4.2 million budget. Modern reviews have been more positive.

Plot
One idyllic August afternoon, siblings Barbara and Johnny visit their mother's grave in a remote cemetery in rural Pennsylvania. An elderly man with blood on his forehead bumps into them there, garbles something and bolts in terror. While offering to help him, they are attacked by a zombie. Johnny is killed while Barbara flees the cemetery and discovers what appears to be an abandoned farm house. She seeks shelter there, only to find another pack of zombies. Shaken and disturbed she tries to fight them off. Shortly after, a man named Ben (who fled Evans City) arrives and helps Barbara dispatch the zombies. The two quickly form a bond and clear the house of the undead and begin barricading the doors and windows as night falls.

They soon discover other survivors holed up in the cellar: a man named Harry Cooper; his wife Helen; their daughter Sarah, who was bitten by a zombie and has fallen seriously ill; and teenage lovers Tom Bitner and Judy Rose Larson. The group is divided over what their next course of action should be. Harry insists that everyone retreats to the cellar and hunker down to wait for the authorities. Ben disagrees believing that the cellar is a "death trap" and they would be better off fortifying the house and fending off the horde. Noticing the zombies' limited mobility, Barbara suggests that they leave the house on foot. The discussion quickly turns hostile as tensions flare between Ben and Harry. A scuffle ensues that leaves the Coopers in the basement to tend to Sarah, while the other survivors continue reinforcing the doors and windows upstairs. The loud construction attracts a mob of zombies to the farmhouse. It doesn't take long for the infected to hem in, leaving the group trapped with nowhere to go.

The group devises a plan to escape using Ben's truck, which is out of fuel, by refueling at a locked gas pump nearby. They find a set of keys in Uncle Rege's corpse (the farm's owner) and proceed to drive up the hill toward the gas pump, but their plan begins to unravel when Ben falls from the bed of the truck and is left to defend himself. To their horror, the key to the gas pump is not among the set they brought with them. Realizing they are out of time, Tom shoots the lock off, causing gasoline to ignite a burning torch in the cargo bed. The truck and gas pump explode, killing both Tom and Judy.

Ben has no choice but to make his way back, only to find things beginning to dissolve into chaos. Harry has wrestled Barbara's gun away from her and is now armed while the horde has burst their way in. The house is now completely overrun with the exits blocked off and the barricades torn down. Unbeknownst to the survivors upstairs, Sarah has succumbed to the bite on her arm and has transformed into a zombie; she attacks and bites her distraught mother. When Sarah makes her way upstairs, she triggers a shootout between her father, who is trying to protect her, and Ben and Barbara, who are trying to protect themselves. Both Ben and Harry are badly wounded, and Barbara shoots Sarah. Harry retreats upstairs to the attic, while Ben staggers down to the cellar, where he shoots a reanimated Helen. Ben gradually goes into shock, and after realizing the gas pump key has been in the cellar the entire time, he laughs mindlessly at the irony before dying from his injuries.

Meanwhile, Barbara leaves the farm house alone and attempts to find help. She eventually joins a group of countryside locals who are clearing the area of the undead, and awakens the next day in a makeshift camp surrounded by the safety of the media and townspeople, led by Sheriff McClelland. Noticing a group of hillbillies drunkenly antagonizing a small group of captured zombies, she comments on the similarities between the living and the undead (apparently suggesting that we are no better than the zombies). She returns to the farmhouse to find Ben, who is now zombified; he gazes at Barbara before being shot. When Harry emerges from the attic alive, Barbara kills him in a fit of rage and retribution for causing Ben's death, and turns to leave the house, telling the vigilantes they have "another one for the fire." Barbara watches grimly as the bodies are burned on a pyre.

Cast

 * Tony Todd as Ben
 * Patricia Tallman as Barbara Todd
 * Tom Towles as Harry Cooper
 * McKee Anderson as Helen Cooper
 * William Butler as Tom Bitner
 * Katie Finneran as Judy Rose Larson
 * Bill Moseley as Johnny Todd
 * Heather Mazur as Sarah Cooper
 * Russell Streiner as Sheriff McClelland (uncredited). Streiner played Johnny in the original film.
 * Bud Koffler as Zombie Hunter
 * Greg Funk as Cemetery Zombie
 * Pat Logan as Uncle Rege
 * Albert Shellhammer as Cousin Satchel
 * Bill "Chilly Billy" Cardille as Himself, reprising his role from the original film, in a cameo appearance as the TV news reporter.

Production
Night of the Living Dead (1968) director and co-writer George A. Romero said that the remake came about in part because of issues over profits of the original film. A lengthy court battle over the rights to the film, plus an oversight that caused the copyright notice not to be included, caused Romero to see little in the way of profit. Romero's production company, Image Ten, eventually won the lawsuit, but the distributor went out of business before they could collect any money. Another issue was the fact that the filmmakers were worried that someone else might make an unauthorized remake. Romero contacted Menahem Golan when he heard that 21st Century Film Corporation was interested in a remake, and Romero, John A. Russo, and Russell Streiner collaborated for the first time in 20 years. Tom Savini was initially hired to perform the special effects, but was persuaded to direct by Romero. Savini was drawn to the remake because he was unavailable to do special effects on the original.

The special effects team intentionally kept the effects restrained, as they felt that excessive gore would be disrespectful to the original film. To keep the effects realistic, they used as inspiration a real autopsy, forensic pathology textbooks, and Nazi death camp footage. Savini said that he wanted to keep the film artistic despite his reputation as "the king of splatter". The zombie extras were recruited easily, as the film's reputation drew them from as far away as Kentucky.

The production was not easy for Savini, who described it as "the worst nightmare of my life". Savini said that only 40% of his ideas made it into the final film. Without Romero on set, he clashed with the producers, who did not allow him to explore his vision for the film.

Release
To avoid an X rating, Savini had to cut several scenes from the film. Savini attributed the film's lack of popularity among horror fans to these cuts. A Blu-ray version was released in a limited edition of 3,000 on October 9, 2012, by Twilight Time. Australian film distributor Umbrella Entertainment released a special edition of the film featuring a restored print, alongside the 1968 original on Blu-ray on April 6, 2016.

Contemporary
The initial response and critical consensus among both audience members and critics was generally negative.

Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly rated it D+ and wrote, "In the history of bad ideas, George Romero's decision to produce a color remake of his disturbingly frenzied 1968 zombiefest Night of the Living Dead has to rank right up there with New Coke...The original Night was taken by some to be a statement about the Vietnam War; this one isn’t about anything larger than Romero’s desire to make a buck." Writing for the Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert awarded the film one star out of a possible four, writing, "The remake is so close to the original that there is no reason to see both". Caryn James of The New York Times wrote, "There was no real need to remake a film that lives on the campy cult appeal it has acquired over time. But as B-movies and remakes go, this one knows how to bring tired zombies back to life." Variety called it "a crass bit of cinematic grave-robbing". Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "While this Night hasn't the chilling, almost cinema-verite credibility of the original, it is certainly a well-sustained entertainment". In The Washington Post, Richard Harrington criticized the film as a purely financial effort that lacks the shock of the original film now that zombie film tropes have become clichéd. Dave Kehr of the Chicago Tribune rated it three out of four stars and wrote that although Savini's direction is a bit too literal, the film "contains some intriguing further development of the ideas of the first film, as well as some mistakes corrected and dramatic relationships tightened."

Retrospective
Modern criticism has been more appreciative. As of 2023, Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 68% of 34 critics have given the film a positive review; the average rating is 6.3/10. The critical consensus reads: "Night of the Living Dead doesn't quite reinvent the original's narrative, but its sleek action and amplified gore turn it into a worthy horror showcase." On Metacritic it has a score of 54 out of 100 based on reviews from 18 critics, indicating mixed to average reviews. Bloody Disgusting rated it four-and-a-half out of five stars and wrote, "This film works on so many levels. Normally, remakes are horrible, and diverge so much from the original film. This one is so close to the original it's scary." Reviewing the Twilight Time Blu-ray, Adam Tyner of DVD Talk rated it 3.5/5 stars and wrote, "We'll never get a chance to see the remake that Tom Savini set out to direct. Still, despite the many missteps of this severely compromised version, Night of the Living Dead manages to distinguish itself as one of the more effective horror remakes out there." Reviewing the same disc at DVD Verdict, Patrick Naugle rated it 83 out of 100 and called it "one of the superior zombies movies available". In a retrospective at PopMatters, academic Cynthia Freeland compared the racial politics of the original film and the gender politics of the remake. Freeland concludes that the original film's depiction of Barbara makes for better cinema, and the more feminist-friendly update of Barbara is too derivative of standard "final girl" tropes.

Savini often screens an uncut work print VHS copy of the film at conventions. According to Savini, "Years later I was at a midnight showing and did a Q&A before the movie, and I wasn't going to sit down and watch it, but I did...And it was the first time that I saw it objectively, and it's good!"

title: Night of the Living Dead (1990 film)


text: User talk:130.212.161.206

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:130.212.161.206


text:
File:Foreigner - Records.jpg

Summary

Fair use rationale for

 * It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the audio recording in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
 * The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future
 * Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used
 * For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright

title: File:Foreigner - Records.jpg


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Stroke count method

The Stroke Count Method, Wubihua method, Stroke input method or Bihua IME ( or ) (lit. 5-stroke input method) is a relatively simple Chinese input method for writing text on a computer or a mobile phone. It is based on the stroke order of a word, not pronunciation. It uses five or six buttons, and is often placed on a numerical keypad. Although it is possible to input Traditional Chinese characters with this method, this method is often associated with Simplified Chinese characters. The Wubihua method should not be confused with the Wubi method.

Each of the five keys from 1 to 5 are assigned a certain type of stroke (resembling the Eight Principles of Yong; these five are sometimes called 橫竖撇捺折 (héng-shù-piē-nà-zhé) with each character of this phrase being a one-syllable description of the respective five strokes:

 * 1) A horizontal stroke from left to right (一)
 * 2) A vertical stroke from top to bottom (丨)
 * 3) A long diagonal stroke downward from right to left (丿)
 * 4) A very short dash stroke downward from left to right (丶)
 * 5) A horizontal stroke from left to right, ending with a downwards hook to the left (乙)

To input any character, the user simply presses the keys corresponding to the strokes of a character then select from a list of matching characters. The list of suggestions to choose from becomes more and more specific as more digits of the code are entered. The system will not recognize a character input with an incorrect stroke order. Some people find this method of entering characters into a mobile phone to be faster than pinyin. In fact, as pinyin is based upon Mandarin Chinese, many Chinese people – particularly in the southern regions of China like Hong Kong and Macau – who speak other varieties of Chinese and never learned pinyin relied solely on this method of entering characters on their phones, until touchscreen-based Smartphones allowed the possibility of Handwriting recognition.

Wubihua is one of the easiest to learn methods because it is simple and does not require knowledge of pronunciation or Pinyin. However, it tends to be vague, as a Wubihua code will normally match ten characters, and each character has one correct code, which confuses users whose stroke orders are wrong.

Strokes map to Wubihua input generally according to the following table:

title: Stroke count method


text:
Talk:As It Happens

American distribution?
The articles currently says "As It Happens is distributed in the United States by American Public Media, which means that the program is carried on some affiliate stations of Public Radio International. " But American Public Media and PRI are completely separate operations. Who actually distributes this program in the U.S.? older ≠ wiser 03:40, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's APM. (deleted redundant sentence 18:39, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)) « alerante ✆ ✉ » 18:38, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

List of Hosts
Is there a way we can organize the list of hosts into a chart that shows more clearly which hosts worked with each other? I have a vague memory from childhood (that appears to be incorrect) of Mary Lou hosting the show together with Alan Maitland. Did they ever work together?

 * Mary Lou might very well have been an occasional guest host during the Maitland years (hell, even Elizabeth Gray came back as an occasional host long after she was "fired"), but she was never Maitland's permanent co-host. I'll see if I can organize it in the manner you suggest, which is a valid idea; I'm just not quite sure how best to actually format that. Bearcat 23:31, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

I was going to make something along the lines of the point above. The hosts should be listed consistently with their role; thus announcer and interviewer always in the same position (presumably interviewer first, announcer second). I think it would be tough to list all the guest hosts over the years. Eusebeus 09:16, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:As It Happens


text: User talk:130.212.162.116

title: User talk:130.212.162.116


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Tillit Sidney Teddlie

Tillit Sidney Teddlie (June 3, 1885 – August 17, 1987) was an American singing school teacher, composer, publisher, and minister of the Church of Christ.

Teddlie was born June 3, 1885, at Swan, Texas (Smith County), the son of Theodore and Sarah Ann (Porter) Teddlie. In 1903, he was baptized into Christ, and also taught his first shape note singing school, which lasted for two weeks. He composed his first song in 1906. During his lifetime, Teddlie taught singing schools for 61 years, composed 130 songs, published 14 song books, and served as a full-time evangelist, including preaching for the Johnson Street Church of Christ (1945–1951) and Central Church of Christ in Greenville, Texas, and Churches of Christ in Ennis, Sulphur Springs, Lone Oak and Quinlan.

Personal life and death
Tillit S. Teddlie married Edna Webb (1880-1959). They had one son, Pete. Teddlie died on August 17, 1987, in Gunter, Texas, aged 102. He is buried in the Forest Park Cemetery at Greenville, Texas. Upon his grave stone is inscribed the title of one of his most popular hymns - "Heaven Holds All To Me".

Titles of some of Teddlie's songs

 * A Joyful Song
 * Be Not Anxious
 * Cast All Your Burdens on The Lord
 * Don't Wait Too Long
 * God Sent His Own Son
 * Hear Me When I Call
 * Heaven Holds All To Me
 * I Remember Jesus
 * In Heaven They're Singing
 * In The Service of My King
 * May This My Glory Be
 * O God of Infinite Mercy
 * O the Depth and the Riches
 * Oft We Come Together, "True Worship"
 * Round the Hills in Galilee
 * Safe In The Harbor
 * Singing Redemption's Song
 * Songs of Salvation
 * Swiftly We're Turning
 * The Master's Touch
 * Thou Wilt Keep Him
 * Time Enough Yet
 * We Shall Meet Someday
 * What Will Your Answer Be?
 * When We Meet In Sweet Communion, "The Lord's Supper"
 * Worthy Art Thou
 * You Can Lead Someone To Jesus

Heaven Holds All to Me
Teddlie was a member of and ministered in the churches of Christ, but many of his songs reached popular circulation among Christians of the denominations, especially through the Stamps-Baxter Music Company. Two of his best known are "What Will Your Answer Be?" (1935) and "Heaven Holds All to Me" (1932).

title: Tillit Sidney Teddlie


text: Category:David Gilmour albums

title: Category:David Gilmour albums


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User:Feren

Obligatory User Statistics
Generally a cynic and misanthrope, I run Black Panther Enthusiast Networks, which hosts various websites and provides different services to folks who use it, including IRC services. My server lives in Florida, while I live in Illinois.

I work for a larger educational institution as the senior network engineer, and in my spare time I tend to stay around with my house with my pet cat, work on my truck, or go out drinking. Gin is my friend. I've been known to lurk on Livejournal under this username, though I don't post much. I think anthropomorphics are cool, though a lot of the people in the Furry fandom aren't my speed. I believe that Neil Young is everything music should be. The Camaro is my perfect car.

Quote that describes me better than I can:

Feren: I'm having a day where I'm doing okay but still want to knock somebody's teeth in with a steel pipe.

Ashryn: You always have those days <3

Ashryn: It's your natural mode of operation

Feren: ... good point.

Ashryn: 'The sun is shining! Everybody's happy! You don't deserve teeth! *WHACKWHACK*'

title: User:Feren


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Stockfish

Stockfish is unsalted fish, especially cod, dried by cold air and wind on wooden racks (which are called "hjell" in Norway) on the foreshore. The drying of food is the world's oldest known preservation method, and dried fish has a storage life of several years. The method is cheap and effective in suitable climates; the work can be done by the fisherman and family, and the resulting product is easily transported to market.

Over the centuries, several variants of dried fish have evolved. The stockfish (fresh dried, not salted) category is often mistaken for the klippfisk, or salted cod, category where the fish is salted before drying. Salting was not economically feasible until the 17th century, when cheap salt from southern Europe became available to the maritime nations of northern Europe.

Stockfish is cured in a process called fermentation where cold-adapted bacteria matures the fish, similar to the maturing process of cheese.

In English legal records of the medieval period, stock fishmongers are differentiated from ordinary fishmongers when the occupation of a plaintiff or defendant is recorded.

Etymology

The word stockfish is a loan word from West Frisian stokfisk (stick fish), possibly referring to the wooden racks on which stockfish are traditionally dried or because the dried fish resembles a stick. "Stock" may also refer to a wooden yoke or harness on a horse or mule, once used to carry large fish from the sea or after drying/smoking for trade in nearby villages. This etymology is consistent with the fact that "Stockmaß" is German for the height of a horse at the withers.

Importance
Stockfish is Norway's longest sustained export commodity. Stockfish is first mentioned as a commodity in the 13th-century Icelandic prose work Egil's Saga, where chieftain Thorolf Kveldulfsson, in the year 875 AD, ships stockfish from Helgeland in mid-Norway to Britain. This product accounted for most of Norway's trade income from the Viking Age throughout the Medieval period.

Preserved cod fed Iceland for centuries, to the extent that it has been described as a local equivalent of bread.

Stockfish is extremely popular and is widely consumed in Catholic Mediterranean countries, mostly in Italy. (Stockfish is called stoccafisso in most Italian dialects, but confusingly baccalà—which normally refers to salt cod—in the Veneto). In Russian cuisine dried stockfish is a very popular dish which is often eaten with vodka and beer. In the 16th century Russian and Swedish stockfish were sold to many European countries.

Stockfish is a staple of Nigerian cuisine.

Manufacturing and usage

The science of producing good stockfish is in many ways comparable to that of making a good cognac, Parma ham, or a well-matured cheese. Practitioners of the Slow Food movement insist that all these artisanal products must be made on a small scale and given time to mature.

The fish is prepared immediately after capture. After gutting the fish, it is either dried whole, or split along the spine leaving the tail connected. The fish is hung on the hjell from February to May. Stable cool weather protects the fish from insects and prevents an uncontrolled bacterial growth. A temperature just above zero degrees Celsius, with little rain, is ideal. Too much frost will spoil the fish, as ice destroys the fibers in the fish. The climate in northern Norway is excellent for stockfish production. Due to the stable conditions, the stockfish produced in Lofoten and Vesterålen is often regarded as the best. The traditional cod harvest in Lofoten also takes place during the best drying time. Due to a milder and more humid climate, salted/dried whitefish (klippfisk) was more common in the fisheries districts of Western Norway.

After its three months hanging on the hjell, the fish is then matured for another two to three months indoors in a dry and airy environment. During the drying, about 80% of the water in the fish evaporates. The stockfish retains all the nutrients from the fresh fish, only concentrated: it is therefore rich in proteins, vitamins, iron, and calcium.

After sorting by quality, most of the stockfish is exported to Italy, Croatia and Nigeria. In Norway and Iceland, the stockfish is mostly used as a snack and for lutefisk production. In Italy, the fish (called stoccafisso) is soaked and used in various courses, and is viewed as a delicacy.

Low-quality stockfish is also commonly used as supplemental food for pets, primarily as dog food or dog treats.

The 2012–2015 project SafeTrackFood developed a method of indoor production of stockfish to accelerate the maturing and drying of the fish in a safe manner.

Dishes
Baccalà alla vicentina, an ancient and traditional Italian dish native to Vicenza, is made from stockfish (confusingly from dried and salted cod, although the salted form is known in standard Italian as baccalà), and is served on or next to polenta. In the Italian region of Basilicata, the so-called baccalà alla lucana is prepared with typical peppers called "cruschi" (dialect word for "crispy"). In Calabria, stockfish is widely used, especially in the western side of the region: pasta with stockfish is a staple in Christmas Eve.

Dishes made from stockfish (locally called bakalar) are traditionally eaten on Christmas Eve in Croatia, especially Dalmatia.

In Catalonia, stockfish is an ingredient of a kind of surf and turf named es niu.

Stockfish is popular in West Africa, especially in Nigeria where it serves as a flavor and fish in the many soups like Egusi, Edikaikong, Ofe nsala, Afang, Ukazi, Oha, Efo Riro, Okra, etc., that are eaten with fufu meals, such as pounded yam, fufu, and garri meals. It is the main ingredient in the Nigerian delicacy called "Ugba na Okporoko" or "ukazi" amongst the Igbo, Ibibio, Efik, Annang, Kalabari, Igbani, Ikwerre, etc., people of south eastern Nigeria. Most importers of "okporoko" are based in the town of Aba in Abia State. Among the Nri, Aro, Nkwerre, and Umuahia people, at festive periods, the popular meal is the Ukazi soup which is usually well-garnished with okporoko or cod as it is popularly called. The Kwe people, who are a fishing people of the English-speaking part of Cameroon, use stockfish in flavoring their palm nut or banga, which can be eaten with a cocoyam pudding called kwacoco. The name okporoko for stockfish, among the Igbo of Nigeria refers to the sound the hard fish makes in the pot and literally translates as "that which produces sound in the pot".

Both stockfish and salt cod can be made into lutefisk.

title: Stockfish


text:
Talk:Union of South American Nations

The section for "Secretary General" is not in English
This section is currently in Portuguese, even though this is the English version of Wikipedia and the rest of the article is in English. Also, for the chart detailing the previous Secretary Generals below the text, the names of the countries are in English, yet the corresponding dates are in Portuguese.

= Status of Bolivia and Peru =

Bolivia and Peru are certainly not part of UNASUR at this moment. Why not change the members section and participation map`s colors of those two countries?!

title: Talk:Union of South American Nations


text:
Thursday (film)

Thursday is a 1998 American black comedy crime-thriller film written and directed by Skip Woods and starring Thomas Jane, Aaron Eckhart, Paulina Porizkova, Paula Marshall, Michael Jeter and Mickey Rourke. It won the Special Jury Prize at the Cognac Festival.

Plot
On Monday night, Nick, Dallas, and Billy Hill argue with a Los Angeles convenience store cashier, resulting in Dallas shooting her dead. They conceal the killing from a police officer until he sees blood on the floor, at which point they kill him.

Early Thursday morning, in Texas, Casey receives a call from his old drug dealing partner Nick asking to stay a couple of days. Since they parted ways several years previously, Casey has cleaned up, married, and is hoping to adopt a child. Nick borrows Casey's car, and Casey finds Nick's suitcase to be full of heroin. Furious, he calls Nick and gives an ultimatum in which Nick either leaves or Casey calls the cops. Nick promises he'll be along once he has finished some business. Casey puts the heroin down his garbage disposal unit.

At 11:55, Casey answers the door to hitman Ice. Casey asks that they smoke some ganja together before he dies, then takes advantage of a distraction. Ice ends up gagged and bound in Casey's garage just as Dr. Jarvis, the adoption agent, rings the doorbell. Casey, stoned, rushes to clear away the drug paraphernalia before letting Jarvis in to discuss his suitability to adopt. Jarvis expresses curiosity about what Casey did when he lived in Los Angeles, as there is no account of his time there. Casey tries his best to cover up his past as well as his recent encounter with Ice.

During the interview, Dallas shows up at Casey's house, believing that Nick has left some money with Casey along with the heroin. She scares Jarvis away by telling a story about Casey's criminal past. When left alone with Casey, Dallas questions him about the money. Angry that he cannot help her, she decides to kill him, but not before she ties him to a chair, fellates him to force an erection, then proceeds to rape him. Dallas says she will not kill Casey until he orgasms and plans to continue until he does so. She orgasms twice, but gets no results from Casey. While Dallas reaches a third orgasm, Billy breaks in and shoots her.

Billy believes Casey when told that he has not taken the heroin, but plans on torturing him anyway with a saw and a blowtorch. Billy is interrupted by cops raiding the house next door. As Billy is distracted, Casey is able to loosen the tape around his wrists and grabs a frying pan before he sits back down. When Billy returns, Casey catches him off guard, overpowers him with the frying pan, and leaves him in the garage.

Nick calls Casey from a payphone, apologizes for everything, and admits he had stolen the heroin and money from the police. After he hangs up, it is revealed that Nick has been shot and is dying from blood loss. Finally, corrupt cop Kasarov arrives with a bag which contains Nick's head. He gives Casey until 7 p.m. to find the money, but says that he does not care about the heroin. Upon seeing Dallas's body and Ice and Billy in the garage, Kasarov unloads his gun into the latter two. He tells Casey to throw them out, as it is garbage day.

Casey calls Ice's boss and tells him that the heroin is being auctioned off at 7 p.m. at his house, setting up a gun battle between a Jamaican gang and Kasarov's corrupt cops. Casey recalls Nick's earlier words, which lead him to find the money and a wedding present in the spare tire of his car. He takes them, puts them in Dallas's Lamborghini, and leaves to pick his wife up at the airport.

Critical response
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 43%, based on 7 critic reviews, with an average rating of 5.1/10.

Film critic Emanuel Levy rated the film 2 out of 5 stars, while Christopher Null granted it a 3 out of 5 star rating.

In his review of Thursday, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times vehemently condemned the film's offensive nature, declaring it crossed a line that left him outraged. He characterized the movie as a disturbing sequence of events involving torture, rape, murder, and dismemberment, all interwoven with derogatory sexist and racist language. Ebert's critique delved into the film's tone, expressing skepticism about its reliance on irony and laughter to shield the audience from a moral response. He questioned the film's choice to portray characters as murderers and torturers without justifiable motives, highlighting the gratuitous violence directed towards black, Asian, and Indian characters. He also drew a pointed comparison between the film and Quentin Tarantino's work, highlighting the distinction between Tarantino's artful treatment of risky subject matter and the exploitative nature of Thursday, which he contended turned depravity into a standup routine. Ebert criticized the audience's lack of moral awareness during the Q&A session after the screening, where he confronted the director about the film's depiction of race and violence.

Brendan Kelly of Variety criticized the film as a subpar Tarantino imitation, stating that it offers only a few funny moments and fails to save itself from being labeled as a derivative retread. Kelly attributed this to director Woods' unapologetic borrowing from Reservoir Dogs and Pulp Fiction. He suggested that the film's reliance on familiar hip and violent themes might find a more receptive audience in the video market than in theaters, given the current saturation of such content. Kelly praised Thomas Jane and Aaron Eckhart's performances, but characterized Paulina Porizkova's casting as a ruthless mob figure as a misstep.

Awards and nominations
At the Cognac Festival du Film Policier the film won the 1999 Special Jury Prize (tied with A Simple Plan).

It was nominated for an Artios Award in the category of Best Casting of an Independent Feature Film.

title: Thursday (film)


text:
Talk:Zhongxing New Village

Meaning of Jhongsing
"Jhongsing" means "Prosperity of China".

This explaination is totally bizzare to me. I thought the name actually come from the historical story to imply that the Nationalist army will one day take the mainland china back.

追溯歷史，民國46年6月30日，省府疏遷至南投市虎山腳下的「營盤口」，並改名「中興新村」。 何以命名「中興新村」？省府官員認為可能引用歷史上「少康中興」、「光復失土」的典故來「榮耀舊有政權」。

I think we should change it.Mababa 03:43, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Doesn't "Zhongxing" (Tongyong Pinyin is pure evil, but that's another story) mean "Restore China"? Referring to the resoring it from the usurpation of the Communists?

Role of Taipei
Does Taipei remain nominally the capital of Taipei Province, while the government is located in Jhongxing? — Instantnood 16:42, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

Status in administrative hierarchy
Is the Jhongsing Village a 鎮 or a 鄉 in terms of the administrative hierarchy of the ROC? — Instantnood 19:13, 24 June 2006 (UTC)
 * a 村 maybe?--Jerrypp772000 00:28, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It is actually Jhongsing New Village 中興新村 and is a part of Nantou City 南投市which is part of Nantou County. ludahai 魯大海 (talk) 01:52, 30 December 2009 (UTC)

Name of the city
Why the name of the city is in tongyong pinyin?! From 1 of January 2009 Republic of China is using hanyu pinyin transcription. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.88.140.57 (talk) 16:30, 7 July 2009 (UTC)

Because the article started in 2004 when Tongyong was the standard. --Mistakefinder (talk) 08:30, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

Change in Title?
Shouldn't the name of the title be changed to Jhongsing New Village to match the Chinese name? "New" is in it. Otherwise, at least a redirect w/ that name should be created. --Mistakefinder (talk) 08:30, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

 * We should not be using Zhongxing as the romnisation, we're supposed to be using the actual village name. Despite the adoption of Hanyu Pinyin, the names of the cities or other local administrative regions remains unchanged (the Central Government left the option to change up for the respective governments to decide).  The romanisation given by the Taiwan Provincial Government is Chung Hsing New Village.  Liu Tao (talk) 03:08, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Zhongxing New Village


text:
Hopcalite

Hopcalite is the trade name for a number of mixtures that mainly consist of oxides of copper and manganese, which are used as catalysts for the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide when exposed to the oxygen in the air at room temperature.

The name "hopcalite" is derived from Johns Hopkins University - "Hop" and the University of California - "Cal", where basic research into carbon monoxide was carried out during the First World War and these catalysts were discovered in 1918.

A variety of compositions are known, such as "hopcalite II" that is approximately 60% manganese dioxide and 40% copper oxide (the MnO2 : CuO molar ratio is 1.375) and "hopcalite I" that is a mixture of 50% MnO, 30% CuO, 15% Co2O3, and 5% Ag2O. Hopcalite has the properties of a porous mass and resembles activated carbon in its appearance.

Preparation
While typically hopcalite catalysts are prepared by calcining intimate mixtures of oxides and carbonates, various techniques have been employed for producing hopcalites in the laboratory and on an industrial scale, such as physical mixing of the (finely divided) metal oxides, co-precipitation of the metal oxides from metal salt solutions (see salts), thermal decomposition of mixtures of metal nitrates (see nitrate) and metal carbonates (see carbonate), one-step synthesis via flame spray pyrolysis from organic and inorganic precursor systems, e.g. Nanophase hopcalite catalysts have also been described.

Although hopcalite-based catalysts have been used in practice for decades, many questions regarding their mode of action are still open. This is due to their complex structures, which make it difficult to obtain information about the active centers and the mechanisms of catalysis and deactivation.

Applications
Hopcalite is widely used in personal respiratory protective equipment (RPE) and collective protective equipment, among others. Different uses of hopcalite catalysts are listed below:

 * in some types of gas mask filters designed to protect from carbon monoxide (Soviet-made DP-1, combined filters VK-450, SX (CO) filters, e.g.)
 * in air filtration systems and breathing apparatus to purify breathing air supplies, for example those utilised in scuba diving, and firefighting.
 * used as the main filtration ingredient in the self rescue respirators issued to miners (SPP-4)
 * filtering self-rescuers designed for use in fire conditions (GDZK-EN, GDZK-U, GDZK-A, e.g.)
 * in devices for monitoring the content of carbon monoxide (CO) in rooms
 * used as a precaution with submersible air compressors, if they are driven by internal combustion engines (like on ships)

In respiratory protective equipment, hopcalite is used to facilitate the rapid oxidation of the toxic carbon monoxide to harmless carbon dioxide with the oxygen from the air, which is then chemically bound to a sodium hydroxide layer, thus eliminating CO from the air stream, (which otherwise is not removed by activated charcoal air filters). Water vapor poisons the hopcalite catalyst, so in order to protect against water vapor, an additional filter based on Silica gel is introduced. In addition to that, the hopcalite layer is protected by a mechanical filter and a layer of activated carbon, purify the air of other contaminants. The operation of carbon monoxide (CO) detectors, on the other hand, is based on recording the heat released during the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO2).

Although primarily used to catalyze the conversion of CO to CO2, hopcalite catalysts are also used to remove ethylene oxide and other VOCs as well as ozone from gas streams. In addition, hopcalites catalyze the oxidation of various organic compounds at elevated temperatures (200–500 °C).

title: Hopcalite


text:
Records (album)

Records is a compilation album by the British-American rock band Foreigner, released on November 29, 1982, to span the band's first four albums through 1981. Along with their second album, Double Vision, this release is the group's best-selling record. It has been certified 7× platinum by the RIAA.

Track listing
All songs by Lou Gramm and Mick Jones, except where noted.

Personnel

 * Band members
 * Lou Gramm - lead vocals, percussion
 * Mick Jones - acoustic guitar, electric guitar, piano, keyboard, background vocals, Fender Rhodes, bass (on track 10)
 * Ian McDonald - guitar, horns, keyboards, background vocals (tracks 1–3, 5, 7, 9)
 * Al Greenwood - keyboards, synthesizer (tracks 1–3, 5, 7, 9)
 * Ed Gagliardi - bass and background vocals (on tracks 1-2, 5, 9)
 * Rick Wills - bass, background vocals (on tracks 3-4, 6–8)
 * Dennis Elliott - drums

 * Additional musicians
 * Thomas Dolby - synthesizer (tracks 4, 6, 8)
 * Larry Fast - synthesizer (track 8)
 * Michael Fonfara - keyboard (track 6)
 * Robert John "Mutt" Lange, Ian Lloyd - background vocals (tracks 4, 6, 8)
 * Bob Mayo - guitar, keyboard textures, and background vocals (track 4)
 * Mark Rivera - saxophone, background vocals (track 6, 9), clavinet (track 9)
 * Junior Walker - tenor saxophone (track 6)

 * Production
 * Producer: Roy Thomas Baker, Mick Jones, Robert John "Mutt" Lange, Gary Lyons, Ian McDonald, Keith Olsen, John Sinclair
 * Engineers: Jimmy Douglass, Dave Wittman, Geoff Workman
 * Mastering: George Marino at Sterling Sound
 * 1995 Remastering: Ted Jensen at Sterling Sound
 * Art direction: Lynn Dreese Breslin, Bob Defrin
 * Design: Lynn Dreese Breslin, Bob Defrin
 * Photography: Allen Levine, Frank Moscati

title: Records (album)


text: Talk:Records (album)

title: Talk:Records (album)


text:
Cricetidae

The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family of mammals, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.

Characteristics
The cricetids are small mammals, ranging from just 5 - 8 cm in length and 7 g in weight in the New World pygmy mouse up to 41 - 62 cm and 1.1 kg in the muskrat. The length of their tails varies greatly in relation to their bodies, and they may be either furred or sparsely haired. The fur of most species is brownish in colour, often with a white underbelly, but many other patterns exist, especially in the cricetine and arvicoline subfamilies.

Like the Old World mice, cricetids are adapted to a wide range of habitats, from the high Arctic to tropical rainforests and hot deserts. Some are arboreal, with long balancing tails and other adaptations for climbing, while others are semiaquatic, with webbed feet and small external ears. Yet others are burrowing animals, or ground-dwellers.

Their diets are similarly variable, with herbivorous, omnivorous, and insectivorous species all being known. They all have large, gnawing, incisors separated from grinding molar teeth by a gap, or diastema. Molar teeth may be buno-lophodont like in cricetines or lophodont like in arvicolines or some New World mice. Although a few exceptions occur, the dental formula for the great majority of cricetids is: Cricetids' populations can increase rapidly in times of plenty, due to a combination of short gestation periods between 15 and 50 days, and large litter sizes relative to many other mammals. The young are typically born blind, hairless, and helpless.

Evolution and systematics
The cricetids first evolved in the Old World during the Early Oligocene. They soon adapted to a wide range of habitats, and spread throughout the world. The voles and lemmings arose later, during the Pliocene, and rapidly diversified during the Pleistocene.

The circumscription of Cricetidae has gone through several permutations. Some members of the family as currently defined have been placed in the family Muridae. Some muroids have historically been placed in Cricetidae, such as mouse-like hamsters (subfamily Calomyscinae, family Calomyscidae), gerbils (subfamily Gerbillinae, family Muridae), the crested rat (subfamily Lophiomyinae, family Muridae), zokors (subfamily Myospalacinae, family Spalacidae), the white-tailed rat (subfamily Mystromyinae, family Nesomyidae), and spiny dormice (subfamily Platacanthomyinae, family Platacanthomyidae). Multigene DNA sequence studies have shown the subfamilies listed below to form a monophyletic group (that is, they share a common ancestor more recently than with any other group), and other groups now considered muroids should not be included in the Cricetidae.

The cricetids thus currently include one fossil and five extant subfamilies, with about 112 living genera and 580 species:
 * Arvicolinae — voles, lemmings, muskrat
 * Cricetinae — hamsters
 * †Democricetodontinae (fossil)
 * Neotominae — North American rats and mice, including deer mice, pack rats, and grasshopper mice
 * Sigmodontinae — New World rats and mice, predominantly South American, such as brucies
 * Tylomyinae — New World climbing rats and relatives
 * †Copemys (fossil)
 * †Eumys (fossil)
 * †Wilsoneumys (fossil)

title: Cricetidae


text:
IAI Lavi

The IAI Lavi (לביא, "lion") was a single-engined fourth-generation multirole jet fighter developed in Israel, by Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI), during the 1980s. The decision to develop the Lavi was controversial, both with the Israeli public, due to the enormous associated costs, and particularly with the U.S. government due to competition with American jets on the export market. By 1984 Israel, with a population of 4 million, had amongst the world's highest military expenditure as a proportion of GDP, at approximately 18.9%, which was considered unsustainable. These issues contributed to the ultimate cancellation of the aircraft, by the Israeli government, during the flight-test phase of development in August 1987.

The Israeli cabinet's late-stage cancellation of the program, by a 12–11 vote, continued to arouse controversy and bitterness in Israel for decades, with Moshe Arens, the main political figure behind the Lavi project, stating in 2013 that if the project had not been cancelled the IAF "would be operating the world's most advanced fighter, upgraded over the years to incorporate operational experience and newer technology."

The Lavi performed successfully in flight-tests, with its flight handling described as "excellent" by test pilots. The Lavi was planned to be the mainstay of the Israeli Air Force, and considerable export sales for the aircraft had been forecast. The uniqueness of its design was in the combination of a small, aerodynamic, highly maneuverable plane, with sophisticated, software-rich systems, low armed drag due to semi-conformal weapons carriage, and the ability to carry a large payload at high speed and over long distances. , two of the prototypes have been preserved, and have been placed on public display.

Origins
Conceptually, the Lavi had its origins in the idea espoused by IAF commander and Minister of Defence Ezer Weizman that Israel's combat aircraft should fall into 'two-tiers' – a small number of high performance aircraft and a larger bulk with less sophistication and complexity. In the mid-1970s, the plane that was to become the Lavi was meant to be a multirole fighter-bomber to replace aging IAF aircraft such as the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk and IAI Kfir; however continuous revisions of the proposed aircraft led to the incorporation of more advanced technologies and ideas to produce an ambitious aircraft in the class of the American General Dynamics F-16. The IAF was estimated to have a requirement for 300 aircraft, 60 of which were expected to be combat-capable two-seat trainers.

In February 1980, a milestone towards the development of the Lavi occurred when the Israeli government granted its authorisation for the IAF to present its list of technical specifications and requirements which sought the IAF's envisioned future fighter aircraft. While the Lavi was heavily influenced by these requirements, it was also affected by concepts of the wider strategic situation that Israel was confronted by. Menachem Eine, who headed the Lavi program, concluded that any proposed aircraft would be subject to a substantially greater threat than any envisioned US fighter, and would have to be developed with these threats in mind. Eine observed that the aircraft needed to not only take into consideration the best Soviet armaments that would be potentially faced in combat, but the best American equipment as well, as both Egypt and Saudi Arabia were being supplied with modern American fighter aircraft.

In addition to the primary intention to perform air-to-ground missions, the IAF sought to configure the Lavi to perform various other roles, as Israel perceived the likelihood of a potential sustained conflict under which there would be a need to fight for aerial supremacy against the efforts of multiple neighbouring adversaries to be high. The Lavi was therefore designed to possess both the flight performance and capabilities to perform as an effective supplement to the IAF's own F-15 fleet in carrying out aerial combat missions. As the Lavi was viewed as being relatively easy to fly, the aircraft was also under consideration as an advanced jet trainer as well.

Early on, IAI decided to adopt a delta wing configuration, of which the company was already familiar with through its work on the earlier Kfir, which was paired with large, steerable canards situated forward of the wing. The delta wing arrangement was relatively low-weight, provided space for considerable fuel capacity, a smooth low-altitude fight attitude, and high levels of directional stability while flown at high angles of attack (AOA). The canard generated additional lift and positive control when at high AOAs. While this configuration afforded excellent maneuverability, it also exhibited natural instability during flight. To compensate, the Lavi was fitted with a sophisticated digital fly-by-wire system which allowed the aircraft to take advantage of this particular wing design while eliminating this shortcoming. The Lavi was one of the first aircraft to feature this type of configuration, which has since become more commonplace amongst fighter aircraft.

The adoption of certain components, such as an engine produced by Pratt & Whitney, were viewed as foregone conclusions; the Beit Shemesh engine plant already had an established relationship with the company and planned to co-produce the engine, thus enabling some of the manufacturing to be carried out domestically in Israel. Some elements of the engine had to be manufactured in the US due to some of the design aspects having been classified as secret. The development of the Lavi was viewed by some figures in Israeli military and government circles, most notably Moshe Arens and Shimon Peres, as being an important program to modernise Israeli industry overall and to increase its technical ability, helping the nation progress towards becoming a developed nation.

Testing

The development program was planned to involve a total of five prototypes of the Lavi being completed, three of which were to have used a two-seat cockpit configuration.

On 31 December 1986, the first prototype took off on its maiden flight. The test pilot, Menachem Shmul, head of IAI's Air Operations section, took off at 13:21 and stayed in the air for 26 minutes, during which he checked the engine and controls. The handling was described as "excellent", with a high degree of stability in crosswind landings. About three months later, a second Lavi prototype took to the air; it featured improvements and additional features over the first, with a belly-mounted fuel tank, a special midair refuelling probe and several new avionic systems. Both B-01 and B-02 were tandem two-seaters, with the rear cockpit occupied by test equipment. By August 1987, the month in which the Lavi was canceled, a total of 82 sorties had reportedly been flown between the two completed prototypes, during which a significant proportion of the flight envelope had been explored.

Controversy and cancellation
While the Lavi had attracted the steadfast support of IAF veteran and Likud minister Moshe Arens, there was considerable dissent over the development. While the U.S. was a key partner in the aircraft's development, there was vocal political opposition to financing the Lavi, which may have been a competitive aircraft in the export market against American aircraft such as the F-16C/D and the F/A-18C/D. The Lavi would have also required a great deal of other competing military requirements and sought investments to be abandoned, thus there were elements of the armed forces that did not support the project and those officers who felt that the F-16 possessed similar performance to the Lavi and was readily available already, making the foreign F-16 cheaper and easier to procure. IAF Major General Avihu Ben-Nun argued in favour of canceling the Lavi and acquiring 75 F-16s instead.

Proponents, such as the Minister without Portfolio Moshe Arens, advocated that the Lavi was a high prestige program, asserting Israeli technological capabilities and would work to the nation's economic advantage. A failure to proceed with the development could lead to significant job losses and possibly contribute to emigration; the Israeli State Comptroller argued the resulting unemployment was negligible. Arens was keen to promote potential partnerships and technology exchanges in regards to the Lavi. Perhaps optimistically, IAI had projected export sales of the Lavi to be as many as 407 units to customers including South Africa, Chile, Taiwan, and Argentina; there were reports of significant South African interest and involvement during the early development of the Lavi. In later development, however, Israel had given the U.S. explicit guarantees that the Lavi would not be made available to export.

Prior to and following the cancellation, IAI employees organised numerous demonstrations and public appeals to rally support for the Lavi; public opinion was roughly evenly divided on the subject of the Lavi. In the US, there was considerable opposition to the Lavi program from the Pentagon due to the fear that the heavy financial costs would impair other military capabilities, there were also questions about the financial soundness of the project and that Lavi technologies may be shared with South Africa, which had a history of close military cooperation with Israel. The financial burden of developing the Lavi were such that the Governor of the Bank of Israel, Michael Bruno, publicly stated that Israel could not realistically afford the "luxury of producing fighter-aircraft" and would harm overall economic growth.

On 30 August 1987, Israel's cabinet conducted a decisive vote on whether to continue the development of the Lavi; this development was influenced by considerable lobbying by the U.S., who made several compensatory proposals in exchange for the cancellation. The vote was highly politicised, the Israeli Labor Party ordered its members to vote against the project. The Cabinet rejected the continuation at a margin of 12–11, with one cabinet member abstaining. Following the outcome of the vote, Lavi supporter Moshe Arens offered his resignation, refusing to be associated with the decision to terminate the aircraft. Shortly afterwards, Israel approved the purchase of 90 F-16Cs from the United States, which acted as an effective replacement to the Lavi. It was reported that China and South Africa were interested in continuing with the development of the Lavi.

Aftermath and legacy
When the Lavi project was canceled in 1987, a total of five airframes had been manufactured. Prototypes B-01 and B-02 had been completed, while B-03, B-04, and B-05 were incomplete. Parts from B-01 and B-02 were pulled to complete B-03. The gutted airframe of B-02 was subsequently placed on static display at the Israeli Air Force museum at Hatzerim Airbase; the remaining units, B-01, B-04 and B-05, were all ultimately scrapped. Two years after the project's cancelation, IAI completed the third Lavi prototype (B-03), which made its first flight on 25 September 1989. B-03 proceeded to serve as a technology demonstrator and as a flying testbed for various internal IAI development projects; the aircraft saw later use as a ground testbed as well.

While the Lavi project had been terminated without any production aircraft being produced, the development represented an important opportunity to demonstrate and advance the capabilities of Israel's aerospace industry. Many of the aircraft's subsystems, avionics, and components went on to be developed and made commercially available, fueling defense export sales and proving to be a lucrative business in its own right. The EL/M-2032 pulse doppler radar, which had originally been developed for use on the Lavi is one such example; it has since been exported and equipped upon a wide range of operational aircraft.

Despite the Lavi's cancellation, the investment in its development had significant results. The technological knowledge accumulated during the development contributed to the achievement of Israel's first launch of a satellite into space in 1988. It resulted in a new level in avionics systems, and contributed to Israel's high-tech boom of the 1990s by releasing into the economy the technological talents of around 5,000 Israeli scientists and engineers who had been employed on this one project; many, for example, were reemployed on the Arrow anti-ballistic missile program.

In July 2013, the IAF announced that the Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master, an advanced trainer aircraft that it was in the process of procuring at the time, would receive the name Lavi in Israeli service; a total of 30 M-346s are to be operated by the service from 2014.

China question
In 2008, aviation publishing house Jane's alleged that China's development of the Chengdu J-10 had benefited from technical information from the Lavi project, citing Russian engineers who claim to have heard this from Chinese colleagues. In 2007, the J-10's designer, Song Wencong (宋文骢), denied any connection with the Lavi, pointing to similarities with the Chengdu J-9 developed in the 1960s. This was echoed by PLAAF major Zhang Weigang in a 2012 interview. There have been no public statements or formal claims along those lines; by 2000, however, advanced technology transfer to China of any origin had become anathema to the US, which forced Israel to cancel a sale of Phalcon airborne early warning planes.

Overview

The IAI Lavi was a single-seat, single-engine multirole fighter aircraft, principally designed to conduct high-speed penetration and first-pass bombing missions while maintaining a high level of manoeuvrability and survivability. The Lavi was almost 1,300 kg lighter in empty weight than its contemporary F-16 block 30 (7,030 vs 8,300 kg).

It was envisioned that the Lavi's lifecycle costs would be considerably beneath those of the F-16, efforts were also made to achieve a lower procurement cost as well. Like the F-16, the Lavi was an aerodynamically unstable aircraft, employing a quadruplex-redundant digital fly-by-wire system in order to provide stability and control; this was one of the aircraft's more innovative features.

The Lavi was powered by a single Pratt & Whitney PW1120 turbofan engine, capable of generating 20,260 lb of thrust and enabling the aircraft to attain a maximum speed of Mach 1.85. The engine, which was derived from the Pratt & Whitney F100 that powered the F-16, was the only aspect of the aircraft that Eine acknowledged to have created a dependency upon the US. While carrying eight 750lb bombs the Lavi possessed a combat radius of 250 nmi; an alternative armament of 2,000 lb bombs enabled a 650 nmi combat radius. Possessing a 1.1:1 thrust-to-weight ratio while equipped with a combat payload, the airframe of the Lavi was designed to be capable of routinely withstanding up to 9g.

Airframe
The Lavi employed a mainly traditional airframe, the majority of development focus being upon the avionics and systems to provide the aircraft's performance edge instead. In order to meet the low structural weight requirements imposed, the use of composite materials was employed in elements such as the wing and its substructure, as well as the fin and the skin. The forward fuselage was shaped in a manner that resulted in it naturally directing air into the engine intake and to avoid inlet blanking while flown at a sideslip condition.

Avionics

According to Eine, the Lavi's main area of advancement over its contemporaries was the level of integration of avionics and onboard electronics; it was claimed that the Lavi was "more computerised than any other system in the world". A key innovation was the use of a quadruplex-redundant digital fly-by-wire flight control system, which was co-developed by Lear Siegler and IAI. If it had been brought into service, the Lavi may have become the first operational aircraft to employ fully digital flight controls.

IAI subsidiary Elta held responsibility for the electronic warfare self-protection systems. These are claimed to have been capable of rapid threat identification and automated response, incorporating a suite of active and passive countermeasures, such as power-managed noise and deception jamming systems. Both podded and internal countermeasures were to be used. Elta also developed the EL/M-2032 Doppler multi-mode radar for the Lavi, which was equipped with a programmable signal processor and was capable of various air-to-air and air-to-ground modes, including high-resolution mapping, terrain avoidance, and look-down/shoot-down functionality.

Operators

 * Israeli Air Force
 * Israeli Air Force

title: IAI Lavi


text:
Talk:Tillit Sidney Teddlie

Untitled
I have a very limited knowledge of Teddlie, but gleaned several items from searching the web. Some of his songs were and are popular among the churches where I grew up. His main influence was among the Churches of Christ, but he was important to the entire southern shape note tradition. I just wanted to start something. It needs a lot of work and additions, but maybe this gives something to work with for someone more familiar with his life and labors. I would encourage someone like that to improve this article. - Rlvaughn 03:48, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I've added a few things. One might have to resort to getting information from books. Little has been published online.--Johnnybegood12 (talk) 17:31, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

CONNECTION TO MY FAMILY
I GREW UP IN THE CHURCH OF CHRIST IN FARMERS BRANCH TX. FOR MANY YEARS WHEN MY GREAT GRANDMOTHER AND I SANG ANY T.S.TEDDLIE SONG SHE ALWAYS COMMENTED THAT SHE HAD BEEN FRIENDS WITH THE GOOD MAN...MY GREAT GRAND MOTHER WAS MARY LEE CARVER FROM RUSSELVILLE, KENTUCKY AND SHE CAME HERE TO TEXAS VIA HORSE AND WAGON IN THE YOUNG 1900's. THEY SETTLED FOR YEARS SOMEWHERE ELSE IN TEXAS BEFORE COMING TO FARMERS BRANCH. IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN MY CURIOSITY TO FIND OUT IF MY GRAND MOTHERS INTUITIONS WERE CORRECT. IF THE NAME IS FAMILIAR TO ANYONE PLEASE LET ME KNOW. CONTACT AT  ARTISTCAPE@GMAIL.COM  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.96.232.63 (talk) 22:43, 21 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tillit Sidney Teddlie


text:
Talk:Dalhousie University

I'm slightly confused by this Wikipedia page
I'm slightly confused by this Wikipedia page. I first saw the Dahousie seal and motto highlighted in the upper-right hand box on their Wikipedia page. This is where I go to get a snapshot of a topic. I thought their current logo was the gold seal and I assumed their current motto was "Pray and work". However, after visiting their website, I see this is not exactly the case.

I went to the Dalhousie University website here: http://www.dal.ca/about/mission_vision.html#

I quote from Dalhousie University's website:

"Our logo. Dalhousie has used the eagle and shield, taken from the university’s seal, as the basis for its logo since 1987. The current incarnation was launched in 2003 and includes the university’s tagline, “Inspiring Minds.” "

"Our historical motto "Ora et Labora" ("Pray and Work")."

My questions to Wikipedia are:

1) Would it not be more accurate to have their current logo at the top of your right-hand box of information, instead of the shield?

2) To be accurate, should the current tagline be typed in text, in the right-hand box of information? "Inspiring Minds"

3) For accuracy, should the motto be noted something like this: "Historical Motto Latin: Ora et Labora" "Historical Motto in English Pray and Work"

Any thoughts?

Mikewest (talk) 18:07, 13 January 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 14:55, 27 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Dalhousie University Logo.png

Housing and student facilities
I cut this section on housing because it has no apparent encyclo value: ''The university has ten student residences throughout its Halifax campuses: Gerard Hall, Howe Hall, LeMarchant Place, Mini Rez, O'Brien Hall, Residence Houses, Risley Hall, Shirreff Hall, Glengary Apartments, and Graduate House. The largest, Howe Hall in Studley Campus, houses 716 students during the academic year. Howe Hall's most recent addition to the residence is called Fountain. It is the only residence in Howe Hall to have a sink in every room. The university also operates three residences in its Agricultural Campus: Chapman House, Fraser House, and Truman House. The largest residence in the Agricultural Campus is Chapman House, housing 125 students during the academic year. The residences are represented by a Residence Council responsible for resident concerns, providing entertainment services, organizing events, and upholding rules and regulations. The Student Union Building serves as the main student activity centre. Completed in 1968, it is located in the Studley Campus. The Student Union building hosts a number of student societies and organization offices, most notably the Dalhousie Student Union. The building houses five restaurants, both independently owned and international franchises such as Tim Hortons.'' -- Melchior2006 (talk) 18:58, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dalhousie University


text:
Avraham Adan

Avraham "Bren" Adan (אברהם "ברן" אדן; October 5, 1926 – September 28, 2012) was an Israeli major-general and author. Prior to Israel's independence, he served with the Palmach, an elite formation within the Haganah paramilitary force of the Yishuv community in British Mandatory Palestine. Adan fought under the Haganah and later under the newly formed Israel Defense Forces during the First Arab–Israeli War, and was photographed while raising the Israeli Ink Flag at the site of what is now Eilat to mark the end of the war. He served with the Israel Defense Forces from 1948 to 1977, and fought in all of the major Arab–Israeli wars that occurred during that period.

Biography
Adan was born into a Jewish family on 5 October 1926 in Kfar Giladi, British Mandatory Palestine; he was born with the surname Eidelson, but later changed it to Adan as part of a Hebraization process. In 1943, he joined the Palmach, an elite force of the Haganah paramilitary organization that operated on part of the Yishuv community in British Palestine. During the First Arab–Israeli War, Adan was a company commander in the 8th battalion of the Negev Brigade, and participated in Operation Uvda, in which the brigade successfully captured the Jordanian-held outpost of Umm al-Rashrash—now known as Eilat—at the southernmost tip of the newly created country. Adan, then a captain in the newly formed Israel Defense Forces (IDF), was photographed while raising the Ink Flag of the State of Israel at the site. The photograph has since become an icon, and has been compared to Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, an iconic photograph in which six United States Marines are raising the American flag atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II.

In 1949, Adan joined the Israeli Armoured Corps and founded the first M4 Sherman tank unit of the IDF. During the Suez Crisis of 1956, he commanded the 82nd battalion of the 7th Armoured Brigade in the Sinai Peninsula, decisively defeating Egyptian forces in the region. After the war, Adan became the operations officer of the Armoured Corps and later the commander of the 7th Armoured Brigade as well as the Armoured Corps School. During the Third Arab–Israeli War, he was the deputy commander of the Armoured Corps and of the 31st Armoured Division, where he once again engaged Egyptian forces in the Sinai. On 10 March 1969, he became the commander of the Armoured Corps.

Adan was defending the northern portion of the Suez Canal in the Sinai—occupied by Israel in its entirety during the 1967 war—when the Fourth Arab–Israeli War broke out in October 1973. During the war, he served as the commander of the 162nd Division, which suffered severe losses from 6–8 October during repeated attempts to stop the Egyptian assault and push Egyptian forces back across the canal. Later during the war, Adan led his unit across the canal and into Egyptian territory north of the Great Bitter Lake during Operation Stouthearted Men, and subsequently maneuvered his forces southward to Suez City, where they surrounded the Egyptian Third Army.

From 1974 to 1977, he served as the military attaché at the Embassy of Israel in Washington, D.C.

Adan was a co-founder of the kibbutzim of Nirim and Gvulot, located in the Negev Desert near the Palestinian Gaza Strip.

Published works

 * On Both Banks of the Suez (1979) – Idanim Publishing
 * Up to the Ink Flag (1984) – Ministry of Defense Publishing

title: Avraham Adan


text:
Talk:Maulana Karenga

Page moves
I don't know whether this is editing or vandalism, but a new user keeps moving the page to Maulana Karenga. Maulana is a title, not his name. Also, we usually don't call people Dr. to begin with: no titles at the start, just the name. SlimVirgin (talk) 07:45, Jun 23, 2005 (UTC)

Sprotect
If some here are going to sprotect this article, at the very least, they should not do it immediately after doing a non-vandal revert. The last edit reverted and sprotected after was a valid edit which, if you assume good faith, requires dialog about on talk, not just revert on a knee-jerk basis. It's this precise type of reverting, that keeps me as an anon. I have no interest in polluting my log-in name arguing with rude editors. And frankly, some sprotect actions here have been very rude! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.98.130.2040 (talk • contribs) 6:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Convicted criminal
The first para of the lede of a BLP should summarise the subject’s life, good or bad. Therefore, in addition to the three attributes mentioned, plus his fame as creator of Kwanzaa, should be added ‘convicted criminal'. Not to do so would be wrong. I mean, the crime itself was horrendous. Boscaswell  talk  04:31, 28 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Alternately, he was a political prisoner, going along with the documented history of government meddling with Black activists in the '60s and '70s. You'll need to include that in that first para too. Or just let it ride until the third paragraph, where it's properly discussed. In general, "convicted criminal" is awful in a lede; I note through a Google search that it shows up in almost a thousand articles, and each one of those should be reviewed. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 18:53, 28 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Only the reliably sourced facts matter. The man is in fact a convicted criminal and he was convicted for a heinous crime. As editors we are here to document facts and not to WP:RIGHTGREATWRONGS. If there are reliable sources about the conviction being overturned or it being incorrect, please feel free to add it to the article. Nemov (talk) 20:47, 28 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, he's many things, one of which is a convicted criminal. We do not always put "convicted criminal" in the first sentence of convicted criminals. Take a look, for example, at Category:American people convicted of assault. Almost none of them include "convicted criminal" in their lede, unless they happen to be best known for their crimes. You'll find the same is true in most of the "people convicted of" categories. I'm not attempting to defend Karenga -- I think he's a creep, myself -- but we tend to put in ledes what people are best known for, not what bothers us about them. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 21:37, 28 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Sorry for the reading comprehension fail, I thought this was about the section and not the lede. Nemov (talk) 01:41, 29 December 2021 (UTC)
 * No, we don’t always mention in the lede that a convicted criminal is a convicted criminal. If the person was convicted of a minor theft, we wouldn’t. Obviously.  But the crime in this instance is much more than that. It was heinous, and Karenga spent four years in prison as a result.  No minor misdemeanour.  Whether it is argued by some that it was the result of political meddling is not the point;  Nemov has made that case strongly already.  Boscaswell   talk  06:57, 30 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Agreed. It should be included in the lede Smefs (talk) 08:42, 12 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Adding this comment as it should be noted that Karenga is a convicted felon for torture and imprisonment. It appears that the information was recently removed by a user named Nemov, possibly under the pretense of left-leaning bias. 2603:9001:6F01:DCEC:AC0C:716:4591:17D (talk) 19:13, 29 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Or more likely because of WP:CONSENSUS that it does not belong in the first sentence. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 19:19, 29 December 2023 (UTC)
 * What consensus? If consensus has been reached, then I'd say it would be for inclusion.
 * I also think it should be in the lede. However I see some edits using the word "felon" rather than "criminal", and I think that's more appropriate language. "Criminal" carries a strong connotation of immorality, "felon" is a bit more neutral. KingAdrock (talk) 22:30, 2 January 2024 (UTC)
 * The felony conviction is mentioned in the lead in the 2nd paragraph. Nemov (talk) 00:34, 3 January 2024 (UTC)

Quotation over US (e.g. "US")
I am not sure how quotes are used properly in English, but would not it be right to put "US" in quotes where it stands for "US Organization" to prevent confusion with US (the United States) or a "US [reader thinks a word is missing here]" situtation? Because I just was in that last situation where there is "head of US", and I thought "What, surely he is not the President of the United States"...

45.94.118.47 (talk) 18:14, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

 * The context makes it quite obvious. Who ever says "Head of US" for the President of the United States, anyway? --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 18:29, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

The Paragraph in question"'Deborah Jones, who once was given the Swahili title of an African queen, said she and Gail Davis were whipped with an electrical cord and beaten with a karate baton after being ordered to remove their clothes. She testified that a hot soldering iron was placed in Miss Davis' mouth and placed against Miss Davis' face and that one of her own big toes was tightened in a vise. Karenga, head of US, also put detergent and running hoses in their mouths, she said. They also were hit on the heads with toasters.'"The inclusion of the passage detailing certain allegations against the anti-racism activist Maulana Karenga on  is highly questionable and could be seen as unjustified. The tone and tenor of the described events border on sensationalism and could potentially violate guidelines on the undue weight given to controversial or disputed claims. If the allegations lack robust verifiable sources, their presence on the page may contribute to an unbalanced and potentially defamatory portrayal of Karenga. Alexandria Bucephalous (talk) 12:21, 29 December 2023 (UTC)

 * @Alexandria Bucephalous This person was convicted and served time for his heinous crime. The facts aren't in dispute. The section is well sourced and it's a part of the biography that should remain. Nemov (talk) 15:10, 29 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I could agree with the argument that it entire quoted passage is unnecessarily sensational and WP:UNDUE. We already say "stripped naked and beaten with an electrical cord" and "she sat on the other woman's stomach while another man forced water into her mouth through a hose." How much do we need besides "he was convicted of felony assault and false imprisonment"? Two paragraphs? Two sentences? --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 23:03, 30 December 2023 (UTC)
 * The status quo is fine with me. It offers more detail about what happened and it's well sourced. If he wasn't convicted I'd leave it out, but it seems due to me given the coverage. Nemov (talk) 00:48, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Seems to me it mostly serves to express a "bad man" POV. And we really should find a better source for the first sentence than the Dartmouth Review editorial opinion piece, while we're at it. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 01:47, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * He went to jail for torturing and kidnapping two women. That's not in dispute. How people want to interpret that is beyond my pay grade. The conviction isn't why he's notable and it doesn't belong in the opening paragraph of the lead, but explaining why he went to jail is perfectly fine since it's sourced. Nemov (talk) 02:43, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * "Since its sourced" is not at all the point. Lots of things are sourced that don't belong in Wikipedia. The point is the editorial choices we make. I'm only arguing the WP:WEIGHT of having the full LA times quote as well as the material sourced to the Dartmouth Review opinion piece. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 03:17, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Actually, this was easy. I just got rid of the first description in favor of the LA Times quote, and got rid of the Dartmouth Review citation in favor of a later LA Times story. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 03:26, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Works for me, reads better as well. Thanks Nemov (talk) 04:17, 31 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Correct Alexandria Bucephalous (talk) 05:56, 31 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Maulana Karenga


text:
Mallard (disambiguation)

A mallard is a type of duck.

Mallard may also refer to:

Vehicles

 * LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard, the fastest steam locomotive ever, reaching 126 mph
 * Grumman G-73 Mallard, an amphibious aircraft of the late 1940s
 * Advanced Aeromarine Mallard, an aircraft
 * HMS Mallard, the name of four ships of the Royal Navy
 * USS Mallard, either of two United States naval ships

Music

 * Mallard (band)
 * Mallard (album), 1975
 * Mallard Song, an ancient tradition of All Souls College, Oxford

Places in the United States

 * Mallard (Charlotte neighborhood), in Charlotte, North Carolina
 * Mallard, Iowa
 * Mallard, Minnesota, an abandoned town site
 * Point Mallard Park, in Decatur, Alabama
 * Black Mallard River, Lower Peninsula of Michigan

Fiction

 * Mallard Fillmore, a conservative politically oriented comic strip
 * Dr. Donald "Ducky" Mallard, a character on the television show NCIS
 * Gosalyn Mallard, a character created for the Disney animated series Darkwing Duck
 * Millard the Mallard, a fictional character and mascot of WRVA radio in Richmond, Virginia
 * Molly Mallard, a Disney character who is Scrooge McDuck's paternal grandmother
 * Darkwing Duck, a Disney character whose alter-ego is Drake Mallard
 * Roy Mallard, the central character in the 1990s mockumentary TV series People Like Us

Sports teams

 * Fermanagh Mallards F.C., a women's association football team in Ballinamallard, Northern Ireland
 * Madison Mallards, a collegiate summer baseball team from Madison, Wisconsin
 * Quad City Mallards, an ice hockey team from Moline, Illinois

Other uses

 * Mallard (documentation), a markup language for creation of user documentation
 * Mallard (surname)
 * Mallard BASIC, a BASIC interpreter for CP/M produced by Locomotive Software
 * Mallard and Claret, a popular fishing fly in the United Kingdom
 * 6236 Mallard, a main-belt asteroid
 * Operation Mallard, a part of World War II 1944 Operation Tonga in Normandy

title: Mallard (disambiguation)


text:
Otaki

Otaki or Ōtaki may refer to:

Places

 * Ōtaki, New Zealand
 * Ōtaki (New Zealand electorate)
 * Ōtaki River, New Zealand
 * Ōtaki, Chiba, Japan
 * Ōtaki, Saitama, Japan
 * Ōtaki, Hokkaido, Japan
 * Ōtaki, Nagano, Japan
 * Otaki, California, U.S.

Other uses

 * List of ships named Otaki
 * "Otaki", a 1970 single by The Fourmyula

title: Otaki


text: User talk:81.193.56.31

title: User talk:81.193.56.31


text: User talk:68.37.174.54

title: User talk:68.37.174.54


text:
The Way Things Work

The Way Things Work is a 1988 nonfiction book by David Macaulay with technical text by Neil Ardley. It is a whimsical introduction to everyday machines and the scientific principles behind their operation, describing machines as simple as levers and gears and as complicated as radio telescopes and automatic transmissions. Every page consists primarily of one or more large diagrams describing the operation of the relevant machine. These diagrams are informative but playful, in that most show the machines operated, used upon, or represented by woolly mammoths, and are accompanied by anecdotes from a mysterious inventor of the mammoths' (fictive) role in the operation. The book's concept was later developed into two short-lived animated TV shows (the former produced by Millimages and distributed by Schlessinger Media, and the latter produced by Children's Television Workshop and Film Roman), a Dorling Kindersley interactive CD-ROM (including a spin-off pinball game, Pinball Science), and a board game. A family "ride" involving animatronics and a 3-D film based on the book was one of the original attractions at the San Francisco Metreon, but closed in 2001.

Revised editions
A revised and updated version, The New Way Things Work, released on October 26, 1998, contains additional text on the workings of computers and digital technology. A number of pages were dropped, among them a two-page demonstration of a mechanical coin-operated parking meter and the original descriptions of computing. The original's computing section included four pages explaining the workings and the distinctions between a calculator and a general-purpose computer, and four pages on binary arithmetic, logical AND and OR gates, and how these are assembled into a half adder and full adder; these were replaced with entirely new art and more detailed descriptions, with a longer story, 'The Last Mammoth', depicting a lonely mammoth invited to visit the 'Digital Domain' by its proprietor Bill, which uses the mammoth's assistance and a humorous pumpkin-and-apple-based mechanical computer to create a video depiction of a community of mammoths. Like the previous version, a CD-ROM version was released.

A substantially revised edition, The Way Things Work Now, was published in October 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Dorling Kindersley.

Contents for The New Way Things Work
With a glossary of technical terms and an index at the back of the book. While the individual sections and subsections are changed in The Way Things Work Now, the structure and Table of Contents remain the same.
 * Part One — The Mechanics of Movement: Introduction, The Inclined Plane, Levers, The Wheel and Axle, Gears and Belts, cams and Cranks, Pulleys, Screws, Rotating Wheels, Springs, Friction
 * Part Two — Harnessing the Elements: Introduction, Floating, Flying, Pressure Power, Exploiting Heat, Nuclear Power
 * Part Three — Working with Waves: Introduction, Light and Images, Photography, Printing, Sound and Music, Telecommunications
 * Part Four — Electricity and Automation: Introduction, Electricity, Magnetism, Sensors and Detectors
 * Part Five — The Digital Domain: Making Bits, Storing Bits, Processing Bits, Sending Bits, Using Bits, Epilogue
 * Eureka! — The Invention of Machines

Publishing history

 * Scholastic Corporation, 1988. ISBN 0-590-42989-2.
 * Houghton Mifflin, 1988. ISBN 0-395-42857-2.
 * Houghton Mifflin, 1998. ISBN 0-395-93847-3.
 * Dorling Kindersley, 2004. ISBN 1-4053-0238-0.
 * Dorling Kindersley, 2016. ISBN 0-2412-8219-5.
 * Houghton Mifflin, 2016. ISBN 1-3286-6310-8.
 * Clarion Books, 2023. ISBN 0-544-82438-5.

title: The Way Things Work


text:
File:Foreigner - Agent Provocateur.JPG

Summary

Fair use rationale for

 * It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the audio recording in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
 * The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future
 * Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used
 * For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright

title: File:Foreigner - Agent Provocateur.JPG


text:
Agent Provocateur (album)

Agent Provocateur is the fifth studio album by the British-American rock band Foreigner, released on December 14, 1984. The album was the band's only number-one album in the United Kingdom, and it reached the top five in the United States. Although album sales were lower than their previous work in the US, it contains the band's biggest hit single, the album’s love theme "I Want to Know What Love Is", which is their only #1 single in the UK and the US, staying at the top spot for three and two weeks, respectively. The follow-up single, "That Was Yesterday", also proved to be a sizeable hit, peaking at #12 in the US. The album was certified Platinum in the UK by the BPI, and triple Platinum in the US by the RIAA.

Recording
Within nearly two years of releasing 4, writing and preproduction for this album began as early as June 1983 in New York, with producer Trevor Horn. Then, once writing had been completed in September that year, official recording began in early October in New York with Horn. Eventually, things fell apart around the time of the Christmas holidays when the band had joined him in England to resume the recording: Horn soon backed out of the project, feeling that he and the band were heading in different directions and that it was not going to work out. In hindsight, the band recognised that Horn's production style wasn't really suited to their music, according to drummer Dennis Elliott: "he tried to make us more electronic than we wanted to be". Eventually, another month was spent trying to look for another producer to fill his shoes, subsequently hiring Alex Sadkin, who was busy finishing the Thompson Twins' Into the Gap album. Sadkin helped rekindle the project when it was on the verge of total collapse, but despite that, according to Jones, recording still never seemed to end: the sessions had been dogged from the very start and continued to remain unfocused. Sadkin agreed when reminiscing on the project in 1987: ""The Foreigner project a couple years back, on the other hand, just seemed to go on and on. Everyone, including the band, got really pissed off with it. They're used to it, though, and I wasn't, so it just threw me. I couldn't believe what was going on! There was a problem with people not coming in; Mick [Jones], who is the leader, not showing up for hours and hours, and so that obviously would really slow it down. Then the songs wouldn't be really ready. While the album was being mixed the lyrics were still being written! Things were being changed right up to the last minute, and that is what took a long time. That is why I don't want to go into the studio when somebody wants to write the stuff there; it just takes too long and it isn't worth it, it doesn't come out right. You can't write properly in the studio because you're under pressure. How can you really be creative when you're watching the clock going round burning up the money?""

Even though the extent of Horn's contributions to the record is unclear, he claims to have done most of the backing tracks, including for "I Want To Know What Love Is". According to singer Lou Gramm, owing to the difference in production styles between Sadkin and Horn, only two of the tracks that had been cut with the latter were kept on the record, though it is unclear which ones. A total of nine months had been spent on recording the album.

Critical reception
By the time of Agent Provocateur, Foreigner was frequently savaged by the contemporary rock music press. A review in Creem read: "On this, their latest excursion into the gaping jaws of pulverizing mediocrity, our boys continue to wrestle with an all-too-turgid identity crisis — they still can't decide whether it's stupider to aspire to poor man's Led Zep status or settle for being a weightier version of Chicago. Some swinging choice, huh? Either way they lose and this record is simply jammed with one dull defeat after another."

Ultimate Classic Rock critic Eduardo Rivadavia rated "A Love in Vain" as Foreigner's fifth-most underrated song, calling it a "synth-powered cry of desperation" and a "dark-horse favorite of fans."

Classic Rock critic Malcolm Dome rated two songs from Agent Provocateur as being among Foreigner's 10 most underrated – "Stranger in My Own House" at #6 and "Tooth and Nail" – which he describes as "the antidote to 'I Want to Know What Love Is'" – at #2.

Billboard said that in "Tooth and Nail" the band flex "post-punk power chords with gusto."

Personnel
Foreigner
 * Lou Gramm – lead vocals, percussion
 * Mick Jones – keyboards, synthesizers, guitars, bass, backing vocals
 * Rick Wills – bass, backing vocals
 * Dennis Elliott – drums

Additional personnel
 * Wally Badarou – analog and digital synthesizers
 * Tom Bailey – synthesizers on "I Want to Know What Love Is"
 * Brian Eddolls – synthesizers
 * Larry Fast – synthesizers
 * Dave Lebolt – synthesizers
 * Bob Mayo – keyboards, acoustic piano, backing vocals
 * Jack Waldman – synthesizers
 * Mark Rivera – saxophone, backing vocals
 * Thompson Twins – backing vocals
 * Ian Lloyd – backing vocals
 * Don Harper – backing vocals on "I Want to Know What Love Is"
 * Jennifer Holliday – backing vocals and arrangement on "I Want to Know What Love Is"
 * New Jersey Mass Choir of the GMWA – backing vocals on "I Want to Know What Love Is"

Production

 * Producers – Mick Jones and Alex Sadkin
 * Chief Engineer – Frank Filipetti
 * Additional Engineers – Josh Abbey, Larry Alexander, Jason Corsaro, Joe Ferla and Howie Lindeman.
 * Assistant Engineers – Bobby Cohen, Tim Crich and Scott Mabuchi.
 * Original Mastering and Digital Remastering – Ted Jensen at Sterling Sound, NYC.
 * Art Direction and Design – Bob Defrin
 * Management – Bud Prager, E.S.P. Management Ltd.

title: Agent Provocateur (album)


text:
Talk:Agent Provocateur (album)

Concept Album?
I think calling Agent Provocateur a concept album is a real stretch. Getagrip123 04:35, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Not just is it a stretch, it's also unsourced and not mentioned at all in the article… okay, I'll delete it forthwith. jae (talk) 07:49, 11 April 2024 (UTC)

Untitled originally
Can someone please create a separate page for the lingerie Manufacturer Agent Provacteur. Please provide a link from the Wiki Website "lingerie".

Agent Provocateur is a well known UK manufacturer of lingerie. Established in the UK in 1994 by Joseph Corré and Serena Rees it is one of the fastest growing brands of lingerie in the market. From the website: Rees and Corré introduced their vision of lingerie avoiding the British prudery that insists on categorising anything to do with sex as sleazy or smutty. The aim was to create an availability of high quality designer lingerie with creative flair to stimulate, enchant and arouse both wearers and their partners. “A woman wearing a scrumptious pair of turquoise tulle knickers promotes in herself a sexy superhero feeling which exudes itself as a confident and positive sexuality.”

http://www.agentprovocateur.com/

Tom Bailey
This says Tom Bailey did vocals. Is that correct?

http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1651 This says "Tom Bailey from Thompson Twins played piano on this UK No.1". Did he do piano (and/or keyboards?) and vocals?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Bailey_%28musician%29 Jbw9 (talk) 03:19, 5 April 2012 (UTC)

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I'd like to highlight a possible error (or vandalism?) on this page:
Tom Bailey may have played keyboards on the big hit "I want to know what love is", but I can't hear his vocals. Famously, it is Tina Turner who does a star turn as a backing vocalist near the end of the track, and she is not mentioned on this page.

Unfortunately, I don't have this product in order to confirm anything. Perhaps someone else who has can check the sleeve notes?

title: Talk:Agent Provocateur (album)