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Marinus (crater)

Marinus is a lunar impact crater that is located near the southeastern limb of the Moon. At this location it is viewed at an oblique angle from the Earth, limiting the amount of detail that can be observed. It lies due north of the slightly larger and dark-floored crater Oken. To the east is the northern part of the Mare Australe.

This is a considerably worn crater, although it retains its generally circular formation. A pair of smaller craters overlies most of the south-southeastern rim. Attached to the northwestern rim is Marinus R, and the crater intrudes into Marinus B to the west. Within the crater, the floor is nearly level and has a slightly lower albedo than its surroundings. The interior surface is marked by a number of tiny craterlets and dimples, as is the rim and inner wall.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Marinus.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Marinus (crater)


text:
Fuchsite

Fuchsite, also known as chrome mica, is a chromium (Cr)-rich variety of the mineral muscovite, belonging to the mica group of phyllosilicate minerals, with the chemical formula K(Al,Cr)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2.

Trivalent chromium replaces one of the aluminium (Al) atoms in the general muscovite formula producing the apple green hue distinctive of fuchsite. It is often found in minute micaceous aggregates (with individual plates barely visible), as a major component of chromium rich phyllitic or schistose metamorphic rocks of the greenschist facies.

Verdite is a type of metamorphic rock made mostly of an impure, often multicolored, variety of fuchsite. It is used for ornamental carvings.

Fuchsite is named after the German chemist and mineralogist Johann Nepomuk von Fuchs.

Properties
Fuchsite crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system. Common colour of the mineral is pale green to emerald green depending on the amount of Cr substitution. The micaceous crystals are flexible and slightly sectile with a hardness of 2-2.5 on the Mohs scale. Fuchsite fluoresces lime green under long wave UV light. Fuchsite's radioactivity due to its potassium (K) content is barely detectable.

title: Fuchsite


text:
Prime Minister of Ukraine

The Prime Minister of Ukraine (Прем'єр-міністр України, Premier-ministr Ukrainy) is the head of government of Ukraine. The prime minister presides over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which is the highest body of the executive branch of the Ukrainian government. Following the 1991 Declaration of Independence of Ukraine the position replaced the Soviet post of chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, which was established on March 25, 1946.

Yulia Tymoshenko was the first woman appointed as prime minister in the history of Ukraine. Arseniy Yatsenyuk was the first prime minister who came from Western Ukraine. Two prime ministers were born in the Russian SFSR.

The current prime minister is Denys Shmyhal, who was sworn in on 4 March 2020 following the resignation of Oleksiy Honcharuk.

Appointment
The prime minister is appointed by the president with the consent of the Verkhovna Rada. The consent is deemed granted by the parliament when a simple majority of its constitutional membership votes in favour of the candidate nominated by the president. The highest parliamentary approval to date was received by Yulia Tymoshenko who was appointed the prime minister on February 4, 2005, with 373 votes in the Verkhovna Rada. Other prime ministers who received more than 300 votes were Arseniy Yatsenyuk (371), Yatsenyuk again in 2014 (341) Vitold Fokin (332), and Leonid Kuchma (316).

The procedure of granting consent by the parliament is usually preceded by several days of comprehensive consultations and interviews of the candidate by the parliamentary factions. The approval by the legislature is not a mere formality. Some candidates were ratified by a narrow margin and a candidate may be turned down. For instance, in 1999, Valeriy Pustovoitenko fell three votes short of being re-confirmed after he tendered his resignation at the second inauguration of President Leonid Kuchma in 1999. Kuchma chose Viktor Yushchenko as his alternative candidate. Another example is the approval of Yuriy Yekhanurov's candidacy (he fell three votes short of approval, but was confirmed on the second attempt two days later).

After the constitutional amendment of late 2004 and its reinstance in 2014, the president was restricted in their choice of prime minister and was virtually obliged to nominate the person proposed by the parliamentary coalition. The only exception is when the candidate cannot be nominated due to the violation in nomination procedure or the candidate's incompliance with the requirements established by the Constitution and the Ukrainian laws for the prime minister. In this case, the president informs the parliament about the impossibility of submitting a nomination for the proposed candidacy.

The prime minister, as with all members of executive branch, cannot be a member of parliament.

Duties and powers
The prime minister heads Ukraine's executive branch of government, the Cabinet of Ministers, and signs decrees passed by the Cabinet.

The prime minister has the authority to propose candidates for ministry offices to the Verkhovna Rada, with the exception of the minister of foreign affairs and the minister of defence, which are proposed by the president. The prime minister can also propose candidates for the heads of regional administrations to the president for consideration.

The prime minister can also countersign decrees and laws passed by the president. The constitution is silent on the exact regulation of the countersigning. The prime minister (and the respective minister) are responsible for the execution of laws passed by the cabinet.

While in office, the prime minister is granted full legal immunity from all prosecutions and legal proceedings. The prime minister's office is headquartered in the Cabinet of Ministries building in central Kyiv. The prime minister was paid a yearly salary of ₴202,776 (16,898/month) (US$26,770) in 2005. In 2013, following a petition in Fokus magazine, the secretariat of the cabinet stated that the monthly salary of the prime minister was ₴33,980 (US$4,173.42), which is eleven times more than the average salary in the country. Prime ministers are frequently asked by individual citizens for help in solving their personal problems, sometimes successfully. In 2012, Prime Minister Azarov received dozens of personal pleas every day on his Facebook page.

Acting and vice-prime ministers
The first vice-prime minister, also known as the first deputy, heads the cabinet in the absence of the prime minister due to resignation or dismissal. Among the most notable First deputies were Yukhym Zvyahilsky and Mykola Azarov, who served as the acting prime minister for a longer period of time than anyone else. Valentyn Symonenko, Vasyl Durdynets, Oleksandr Turchynov, and others also served as acting prime minister. Apart from the first vice-prime minister, there are also several other vice-ministers who support the prime minister and may be in charge of one or more ministries. In 1991–1992 the office of the state minister was also introduced. Traditionally vice-prime ministers are in charge of an area of general state government policy such as the agro-industrial complex, humanitarian affairs, economic affairs, or regional policy. On certain occasions, those deputies may be given regular ministerial portfolios as well, as happened in the Azarov Government in 2010.

Dismissal and resignation
The prime minister, like other Cabinet members, may resign voluntarily by tendering their resignation to parliament (according to the Constitution of Ukraine, the prime minister can only be dismissed by parliamentary vote). Parliament must then consider the matter no later than the 10th day after the resignation application is received, if parliament was not in session at the time of resignation then no later than the first plenary week of the next regular session. A resignation by the prime minister results in the dismissal of the entire Cabinet. After the adoption of the current constitution in 1996, only prime ministers Pavlo Lazarenko and Mykola Azarov have left their post this way. Prime ministers do not have a set term limit, staying in office for the duration of the parliament term, resignation, or dismissal.

Before the constitutional reform of 2004, the prime minister was usually dismissed unilaterally by the president. After the reform, the prime minister can only be dismissed by the parliament. Formally, the Verkhovna Rada needed to pass a resolution of no confidence of the cabinet, which had to result in the prime minister's resignation. However, the parliament could not put such a resolution to the vote within one year of the approval of the cabinet's official programme. The Cabinets of prime ministers Viktor Yushchenko and Viktor Yanukovych were dismissed in this way, with the latter refusing to tender his resignation to the president claiming a violation of the one-year period condition. The cabinet of Yuriy Yekhanurov had also been formally dismissed, but the parliamentary act was subsequently repealed.

List of prime ministers (1991–2020)
Since Ukrainian independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, there have been 18 prime ministers.

Denys Shmyhal is the current prime minister of Ukraine since 4 March 2020.

The longest serving prime minister is Shmyhal; followed by Mykola Azarov (two terms) and Yulia Tymoshenko (who also served two terms).

Tymoshenko was the first (and only) female prime minister of Ukraine.

title: Prime Minister of Ukraine


text: User talk:159.134.149.174

title: User talk:159.134.149.174


text:
Frankie LaRocka

Frankie LaRocka (April 17, 1954 – May 12, 2005), born Frank LaRocca, was an American rock musician and producer. He was a member of Scandal, playing drums on their debut EP, and, at various stages, played the drums with Bon Jovi, David Johansen, Bryan Adams, and John Waite. In the 1990s, he became an A&R man and producer with his most notable work being with the Spin Doctors on their breakthrough album Pocket Full of Kryptonite.

Musical history
LaRocka started his career playing drums with David Johansen on Johansen's self-titled album from 1978. He joined Scandal in 1982 and played on their self-titled album of the same year as well as earning credit on John Waite's Ignition album.

LaRocka toured with Bryan Adams on his 1983 world tour, and was part of the band when they appeared that year live in concert on the televised Rockpalast show (also broadcast live on European radio). Bon Jovi opened for Scandal in a 1984 tour which led to that band's signing by Polygram Records. La Rocka played drums on their 1984 Bon Jovi album. After parting company with Scandal, he returned to session work playing on sessions by John Waite and in 1985 appearing with him in his band on TV shows like Solid Gold. In the early '90s, LaRocka played drums with Company of Wolves, a straight-ahead rock band signed to Mercury Records.

LaRocka also signed a girl group from London called NeverBlue managed by Christopher Waller, Tasha Leaper, Lisa Hurley and Susan Motley. The group worked with Brian Rawlings, famed for Cher's Believe album. NeverBlue was signed to Straight Line Records under Atlantic Records.

LaRocka continued to work with NeverBlue after the group disbanded in 2000 and became a girl/boy duo with original member Susan Motley and new addition, Danny Willis.

A&R and production work
LaRocka's first stab at production was with Irish band Silent Running, whom he signed while working in the A&R department at Atlantic Records. He also played drums on their album Deep. He began working for Sony Music and one of his first signings was the Spin Doctors. He produced their 1991 debut Pocketful of Kryptonite. The album sold slowly at first but it eventually became a hit after their song Little Miss Can't Be Wrong started picking up airplay on MTV and radio. The follow-up single Two Princes was a top ten hit and the album reached a peak of #3 on the Billboard charts in 1993. LaRocka produced subsequent albums for the Spin Doctors but they failed to achieve the same success.

LaRocka signed Columbus, Ohio, powerpop band Watershed to Epic Records in 1993. Under his supervision, the band recorded one live EP, Three Chords and a Cloud of Dust, and a Jim Steinman-produced album, Twister. Neither effort charted and Watershed was dropped from Epic in 1995.

By the end of his career at Sony, LaRocka was vice president of the A&R department. He was back playing drums for a New York band Hot Monkey Love and with Noel Redding on a 2002 live album recorded at Prague. He also had an independent production company, Straight Line Productions, and had signed the band happyendings to J Records where they were recording their debut record.

LaRocka died after undergoing heart surgery in New York in May 2005.

title: Frankie LaRocka


text:
User talk:Kouban

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 20:11, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
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User page on watchlist
Hey, Koub -- you should probably put your own user page on your watchlist. For some reason it doesn't go on there by default, meaning you won't get notified if someone changes it. -- Antaeus Feldspar 17:35, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

GaoGaiGar data...
Where are your sources for the existing information? [Goshou World] is a decent resource, but it makes many assumptions that are inaccurate within the show's context. For instance, the 11 Masters of Sol don't appear to have a "leader" as such; I have not seen any data elsewhere to confirm this data. The Japanese Wikipedia entries themselves claim nothing of the sort, in particular; it appears as if Goshou World's webmaster made the idea up on the spot. Unless I'd watched the entire show, I wouldn't have known otherwise!

As the entries are relatively dormant, if it's not a bother, I'd like to do more work on GaoGaiGar and other Brave Series entries, as would a friend of mine who has vested interest in these shows; we have much more to add between the two of us. I find that it may be prudent in the near future to break sections out, similar to the way Neon Genesis Evangelion's entry was handled. We've discovered a great deal of show background and information on the technology involved.

Any context in which to take the data to date would be appreciated. --E. Megas 22:34, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

GaoGaiGar Character Pages.
Before you're hasty in removing that link, I'd remind you to take a look at the two articles:

 * Characters in The King of Braves GaoGaiGar
 * Antagonists in The King of Braves GaoGaiGar

They're broken up the way they are for a reason: combining these two sets of data would create a massive entry that would need to be separated anyway! Given the potential size of these articles, I found this to be the best possible way to handle the situation.

If you still wish for me to merge the two of them—or if you have any better ideas—please post a reply on my Talk Page and we'll sort this out. --E. Megas 20:03, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

In that case, I suggest retitling the first article "Protagonists in etc." To avoid confusion.Kouban 21:29, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

Fair enough. Done. --E. Megas 00:51, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga
You are listed as a participant of WikiProject Anime and manga. A recent change in how participants are listed — using a category — will result in your inadvertent removal from the project. If you wish to continue your participantion, please check the the project page for details on how to add yourself back to the project. - Squilibob 01:08, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Changes to main GaoGaiGar entry...
Talk:King_of_Braves_GaoGaiGar

If you take a look at the subpages to date, I believe you will find them satisfactory for replacing the character and mecha data on the main page's entry. I intend to do that as per the plan I've laid out in this talk section.

I await only your word to proceed. Thanks. --E. Megas 08:04, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

re: Television puppetry
Koub -- Tregoweth answered on why he removed the category tag for Television Puppetry. Basically, it was because the category "didn't exist" -- by which I think he means it didn't have a category page, even though items had been placed in the category.

I think he may have a bit of a point, though. There's a hierarchy of categories, and if there's no category page where Category:Television puppetry identifies its parent categories -- it's effectively outside the hierarchy. Then there's the problem of how it relates to the hierarchy; there are already categories for puppetry and television programming -- a category for television puppetry would be just an intersection category, and those kinds of categories have run into problems in the past. -- Antaeus Feldspar 16:36, 2 June 2006 (UTC)

Trivia for Robot Romance Trilogy

 * Out of the three Super Robot Romance Trilogy mechas, Voltes V and Daimos are the most closest and extremely popular to the hearts and minds of the Filipino people.

 * The only time you can see all three Super Robot Romance Trilogy mechas, featured in one package, namely Combattler V, Voltes V and Daimos, is in the following games: Super Robot Taisen (Wars) Alpha 2 and Super Robot Taisen Alpha 3 for the Playstation 2. The latter features a special combination attack of the three, exclusive only for the said game.

Some help here...
Anime and Manga Collaboration of the Week

I nominated the article Kunio Okawara as an AMCOTW. You might want to toss your name in if interested. --E. Megas 20:42, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

I'm afraid I really don't know much about Okawara, but thanks for the consideration. Kouban 23:13, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

Genesis of Aquarion
I'm curious, why exactly did you say that Genesis of Aquarion isn't a Super Robot anime? I can't think of what other genre it would be - it's not a Real Robot series by any stretch, Aquarion demonstrates a number of abilities which would be flatly impossible to explain short of magic or extreme metaphysics. At best, it's closer to a hybrid style like Neon Genesis Evangelion ... but even then, I'd argue that Aquarion relies far more heavily on Super Robot tropes than Evangelion ever did.

Shachihoko 13:58, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

To make your day

has smiled at you! Smiles promote WikiLove and hopefully this one has made your day better. Spread the WikiLove by smiling to someone else, whether it be someone you have had disagreements with in the past or a good friend. Happy editing! Smile at others by adding {{subst:Smile}} to their talk page with a friendly message. Trampton 06:05, 27 April 2007 (UTC).

Please use edit summaries
Hello. Please be courteous to other editors and use edit summaries when updating articles. The Mathbot tool shows your usage of edit summaries to be extremely low:

 * Edit summary usage for Kouban: 20% for major edits and 13% for minor edits. Based on the last 150 major and 150 minor edits in the article namespace.

Using edit summaries helps other editors quickly understand your edits, which is especially useful when you make changes to articles that are on others' watchlists. Thanks and happy editing! --Kralizec! (talk) 15:53, 23 May 2007 (UTC)

Flags
Hi. I noticed you undid an edit of mine to remove a flag icon from a band's infobox. As I said in my edit summary when I removed it, this use of the flag is redundant; it carries no information beyond what the Netherlands gives. WP:FLAGS gives some interesting hints on the good and less good uses of flags. Best wishes, --John 07:20, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Okay, that makes sense. Kouban 07:35, 2 December 2007 (UTC)

Looking for Wikipedians for a User Study
Hello. I am a graduate student in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Minnesota. We are conducting research on ways to engage content experts on Wikipedia. Previously, Wikipedia started the Adopt-a-User program to allow new users to get to know seasoned Wikipedia editors. We are interested in learning more about how this type of relationship works. Based on your editing record on Wikipedia, we thought you might be interested in participating. If chosen to participate, you will be compensated for your time. We estimate that most participants will spend an hour (over two weeks on your own time and from your own computer) on the study. To learn more or to sign up contact KATPA at CS dot UMN dot EDU or User:KatherinePanciera/WPMentoring. Thanks. KatherinePanciera (talk) 02:04, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

X-bomber
Hi Kouban, I noticed you reverted my correction of "Shiloh Hagen" to "Shiro Hagen" as the English-dub name of the Japanese character Shiro Ginga in the X-Bomber article. Just wanted to say that it was definitely a good idea of yours to list the original, Japanese names with the dub names in brackets, since the article's main subject is the original Japanese show. However, I believe Shiro's first name is actually Shiro in the English dub too. A few references:, ,.

By the way, I think this article would benefit from additional referencing to reliable sources; don't suppose you have come across any suitable reviews or articles that we could cite? I've been looking but they are hard to find online since the show aired so long ago. I expect more will present themselves after the new DVD release in Jan, though. Cheers, Wiw8 (talk) 09:48, 1 October 2008 (UTC)

 * The reason I reverted the edit is because said character wears a helmet with his name printed on it. I'll try to find a screencap of said helmet ASAP. Kouban (talk) 14:46, 1 October 2008 (UTC)

AfD nomination of R-Blade
I have nominated R-Blade, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/R-Blade. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time. Magioladitis (talk) 10:47, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I didn't create the article, I merely moved it from one name to another. I had honestly forgotten that it still existed, and don't really care if it gets deleted. Kouban (talk) 20:22, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Space Hack
Please don't blank redirects at Wikipedia. We have a procedure to delete useless redirects at WP:RFD, please avail yourself of that. Carlossuarez46 (talk) 00:10, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

Space Runaway Ideon
Look, not meaning to be rude. But can you explain why you edited out my information on the SRI page, please? I could support my argument to the information I added. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Boso (talk • contribs) 10:39, 19 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Well, if you think so, then feel free to replace the addition. Kouban (talk) 04:29, 20 July 2009 (UTC)

Reverting without reason
Can you explain why you reverted my recent edits on Voltes V, Daimos and Gunbuster? - Areaseven (talk) 05:57, 24 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Toylines are not relevant to Wikipedia. Kouban (talk) 15:00, 24 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Why not? Where in Wiki does it say that toy lines are irrelevant? - Areaseven (talk) 23:56, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

Revision to Sid Meier's Alien Crossfire and Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri articles
I noticed that you have revised either Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri or Sid Meier's Alien Crossfire.

I intend to revise those articles following the WikiProject Video games/Article guidelines. There are more details on the discussion pages of those articles. I'd be interested in any comments you have. It would be best if your comments were on the discussion pages of the two articles.

Thank you.

Vyeh (talk) 17:36, 6 June 2010 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for June 28
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March of Progress (album)
Please do not change this article from a redirect unless you can show how it meets notability guidelines and you add WP:reliable sources. noq (talk) 08:02, 16 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Should we also delete the rest of Threshold's albums, as well as the band itself, under those guidelines? Kouban (talk) 15:43, 16 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Do they meet the guidelines? If not, then there is a case for that. noq (talk) 16:15, 16 September 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for April 7
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Pointing hand in video games
Since you brought it up on the talk page, would you happen to have any specific examples of video games (or be able to point to a publication that documents this) that use the Index (typography) as a cursor? I'm just trying to resolve some of the "citation needed" tags on that page. Thanks! -- Beland (talk) 17:49, 28 June 2013 (UTC)
 * The most obvious example I can think of is the Final Fantasy series, where it's used in virtually every entry. Kouban (talk) 14:09, 30 June 2013 (UTC)

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The Nightingales

Nightingales (a.k.a. The Nightingales) are a British post-punk/alternative rock band, formed in 1979 in Birmingham, England, by four members of Birmingham's punk group The Prefects. They had been part of The Clash's 'White Riot Tour', recorded a couple of Peel Sessions, released a 45 on Rough Trade and, years after splitting up, had a retrospective CD released by US indie label Acute Records.

Described in John Robb's book on 'post punk' Death To Trad Rock as "The misfits' misfits" and comprising an ever-fluctuating line up, based around lyricist/singer Robert Lloyd, the Nightingales enjoyed cult status in the early 1980s as darlings of the credible music scene and were championed by John Peel, who said of them – "Their performances will serve to confirm their excellence when we are far enough distanced from the 1980s to look at the period rationally and other, infinitely better known, bands stand revealed as charlatans".

The original members were Robert Lloyd on vocals, Eamonn Duffy on bass and Paul Apperley on drums, all formerly of The Prefects. The band, before splitting up, played more sessions on John Peel's BBC Radio 1 show than any other band excluding The Fall and Half Man Half Biscuit.

In the late 1980s, the Nightingales stopped working but, following the occasional gig between times, they re-grouped in 2004, with Lloyd being joined by original Prefects guitarist Alan Apperley. The current line up features Robert Lloyd, James Smith, Andreas Schmid on bass and ex-Violet Violet drummer Fliss Kitson.

Since restarting the group have been more productive than ever – releasing five 7" vinyl singles, a 10" EP and six studio albums (plus two live albums), touring England, mainland Europe and US numerous times, recording many radio sessions along the way. They have been invited to play various festivals in Europe and the States, including Glastonbury and SXSW. Their "Let's Think About Living" 45 was 'Single of the Week' on BBC 6 and they have continued to receive regular rave reviews for their records and live shows.

A feature-length documentary about the band - King Rocker - fronted by comedian and writer Stewart Lee and directed by Michael Cumming was to be released in 2020, but it eventually debuted on the UK Sky Arts channel on 6 February 2021.

1979–86
Their debut single, "Idiot Strength" was released in 1981 on Rough Trade, following which Duffy was replaced by Steve Hawkins on bass and Andy Lloyd and Nick Beales joined on guitars.

The band signed to Cherry Red Records and released three more singles before debut album Pigs on Purpose (Produced by Richard Strange) was issued in late 1982. John Nester replaced Hawkins on bass before next release, the "Urban Ospreys" single.

Peter Byrchmore replaced Beales (who went on to form Pig Bros) in time for second album, Hysterics (1983), Nester then departed to be replaced by Howard Jenner. The new line-up issued two singles in 1985. Further changes then ensued with Andy Lloyd and Paul Apperley leaving, to be replaced by Maria Smith and Ron Collins. The group continued to release singles, record Peel Sessions and tour northern Europe, as headliners and supporting acts as diverse as Bo Diddley and Nico, but after the third album, In The Good Old Country Way, the band split up in 1986.

Post-Nightingales
After the split, Robert Lloyd formed a new band, Robert Lloyd & The New Four Seasons, who after a few releases on In Tape Records were signed by Virgin Records. Lloyd recorded one solo album for Virgin, Me and My Mouth.

Maria and Peter formed The Capitols, later known as The Rotten Swines (Maria was also a member of Rumblefish), Ron Collins joined The Noseflutes, while Andy Lloyd formed Little Red Schoolhouse.

Lloyd is currently active in the reformed Nightingales. Peter Byrchmore plays guitar for The Membranes and Goldblade. Nick Beales is in Church of Elvis and Andy Lloyd is in Del Mar Rey.

Paul Apperley is now a firefighter. John Nester ran a successful greengrocery business, followed by a 'Glastonbury-style' gift shop in Bridport, Dorset. Now retired from toil, he devotes himself to his friends in Mor or Less, a local folk-rock band. Howard Jenner was last heard of working for Help The Aged. Eamonn Duffy, Maria Harvey (formerly Smith) and Ron Collins still live and work in Birmingham. Steve Hawkins' whereabouts are unknown.

The Nightingales re-form
The band re-grouped in 2004 featuring mainstay/band leader Lloyd, original Prefects guitarist Alan Apperley, ex-Nightingales Byrchmore and Duffy, plus former PWEI drummer Robert "Fuzz" Townshend. This line-up released four 7-inch singles in 2004/5 before Townshend was replaced by Aaron Moore of Volcano The Bear.

Live appearances include radio sessions for Marc Riley's Rocket Science on BBC 6 Music, John Kennedy's XFM show, Terre T's Cherry Blossom Clinic on WFMU (USA) and Another Nice Mess (NL) in addition to gigs around England.

The band also played American music festival South By Southwest in March 2005, alongside dates in Chicago and New York City. The band's first American dates ever. Since then they have also played at the Klangbad festival in Germany, organised by Jochen Irmler of Faust, and undertaken a second US tour in March 2007.

After several line up changes since reforming, the group line-up settled, for a while, as Robert Lloyd (vocals), Alan Apperley (guitar), ex-Pram drummer Daren Garratt, "teenage guitar sensation" Matt Wood, and Stephen 'The Night' Lowe (bass). For a brief July–August 2007 UK and European tour (including a return to the Klangbad Festival on 4 August), Nick Blakey of the Boston, Massachusetts band The in Out substituted for Lowe on bass.

The Nightingales released their first studio album for 20 years in early October 2006; Out of True on independent Birmingham label Iron Man Records. A new mini album, What's Not To Love? was released by Caroline True Records on 30 April 2007.

In 2007 Lowe left the band and after being replaced briefly by Nick Blakey (who appears on the Live in Paris CD) was replaced by John Roberts.

After dates in New York and Boston in March 2008, the group travelled to Faust Studio, Scheer, Germany to record a new album – Insult to Injury – for Jochen Irmler's Klangbad label. During recording bassist John Roberts left the group. The band played dates in Germany, Switzerland and in Amsterdam, with Christy Edwards of Christy and Emily on bass. Matt Wood left following these dates.

For the remainder of 2008 in to 2009 Edwards moved to guitar and Faust Studio engineer Andreas Schmid joined the band on bass. This line up was augmented on various dates in USA and Germany by U.S avant-garde composer Katherine Young on bassoon and Emily Manzo on keyboards. In June 2009, this Nightingales, minus Young, played the John Peel Stage at the Glastonbury Festival in the UK. The seven piece line up also played several festivals in Germany during Summer '09 and recorded "The Lost Plot" EP and another album but the album recordings remain unreleased.

In late 2010, Garratt left the group to be replaced by former Violet Violet drummer, Fliss Kitson. Being based in New York also relegated Edwards to an occasional guest Nightingale and guitarist Matt Wood rejoined the band.

A return to Faust Studio in 2011 saw the Nightingales record the No Love Lost album, which was released by Cooking Vinyl in early 2012. Described by Mojo magazine as "Brilliant. One of the fiercest and most exhilarating rock records in ages", the record features guests Young on bassoon and Hans-Joachim Irmler on keyboards. Wood left the band for the second time shortly after recording the album and has since joined Telegram. In May 2011, the Nightingales played at The New Adelphi Club in Hull, East Yorkshire.

The new four piece Nightingales – Lloyd, Apperley, Schmid and Kitson – recorded another album For Fucks Sake in September 2013 for vinyl LP release in April 2014. The band's press statement for this record said, "Having been dumped by their fourth consecutive label, following the release of one album each, the group are self releasing the new LP on their own terms. No interference or outside opinions, no label, no distributor, no catalogue number, no bar code or logo shit, blah blah. "For Fucks Sake" is an 180g vinyl LP, containing twelve songs and came packaged in a beautiful matt varnish gatefold sleeve (& inner bag) featuring five original art works by brilliant Scarborough based artist David Yates."

The group had a full tour of UK and, for the first time, Ireland in spring 2014, with live shows in Europe and USA over the following year. They recorded a new album Mind Over Matter in early autumn 2014, for 2015 release.

After their late autumn 2014 tour, James Smith replaced Apperley in the band.

Discography
Chart placings shown are from the UK Indie Chart.

Albums

 * Pigs on Purpose (Cherry Red LP) 1982, CD reissue 2004 (#15), LP reissue (Vinilissimo) 2014, CD & LP reissue (Call of the Void) 2021
 * Hysterics (Ink/Red Flame LP) 1983 (#20), CD reissue (Cherry Red) 2005, LP reissue (Call of the Void) 2022
 * In The Good Old Country Way (Vindaloo LP) 1986 (#8), CD reissue (Caroline True) 2005, LP reissue (Call of the Void) 2022
 * Out of True (Iron Man CD) 2006, LP reissue (Fire Records) 2023
 * What's Not To Love? (Caroline True CD) 2007
 * Insult To Injury (Klangbad CD) 2008
 * No Love Lost (Cooking Vinyl CD) 2012
 * For Fuck's Sake (no label LP) 2014
 * Mind Over Matter (Louder Than War CD & LP) 2015
 * Perish the Thought (Tiny Global Productions CD & LP) 2018
 * Four Against Fate (Tiny Global Productions CD & LP) 2020
 * The Last Laugh (Tiny Global Productions CD & LP) 2022

Live

 * Live in Paris (Big Print CD) 2008
 * And Another Thing (Big Print CD) 2010
 * Live in Balsall Heath (Tiny Global Productions LP) 2023

Compilations

 * Just The Job compilation (Vindaloo LP) 1984
 * What A Scream (1980–1986) compilation (Mau Mau/Demon CD) 1991
 * Pissed & Potless – The Definitive Nightingales Collection compilation (Cherry Red CD) 2001
 * King Rocker (Fire Records / Tiny Global Productions) 2021

EPs

 * The Nightingales 1982 (Cherry Red) (#34) (note: a BBC John Peel session)
 * The Crunch 1984 (Vindaloo) (#27)
 * What a Carry On 1985 (Vindaloo) (#26)
 * Peel Session 1988 (Strange Fruit)
 * The Lost Plot 2010 (Big Print)
 * Become Not Becoming 2017 (Tiny Global Productions)
 * Give It To Me/ B-Side At Best/ Real Gone Daddy 2018 (Tiny Global Productions)
 * The New Nonsense 2022 (Tiny Global Productions)

Singles

 * "Idiot Strength" 1981 (Rough Trade/Vindaloo)
 * "Use Your Loaf" 1982 (Cherry Red)
 * "Paraffin Brain" 1982 (Cherry Red) (#39)
 * "Urban Ospreys" 1983 (Cherry Red) (#26)
 * "Crafty Fag" 1983 (Ink/Red Flame) (#27)
 * "It's a Cracker" 1985 (Vindaloo) (#16)
 * "Rocking With Rita (Head To Toe)" 1986 (with We've Got a Fuzzbox and We're Gonna Use It and Ted Chippington; credited as The Vindaloo Summer Special)
 * "Black Country" 2004 (Big Print)
 * "Workshy Wunderkind" 2004 (Big Print)
 * "EFL (Sex And God Knows What)" 2004 (Big Print)
 * "Devil In The Detail" 2005 (Big Print)
 * "Mondofiasco" 2005 (Big Print)
 * "Let's Think About Living" 2006 (Fake Product)
 * "Commercial Suicide Man" 2018 (as The Nightingales with Vic Godard) (Tiny Global Productions)
 * "Ten Bob Each Way" b/w "Use Your Loaf" by Stewart Lee 2021 (Fire Records)

title: The Nightingales


text:
Messala (crater)

Messala is a lunar impact crater of sufficient dimension to belong to the category of impact features known as walled plains. It is located in the northeastern part of the Moon, close enough to the rim to appear significantly foreshortened. It was named by the IAU in 1935.

Nearly attached to the northern rim is the crater Schumacher. To the southwest is the prominent crater Geminus, and due south is the smaller Bernoulli.

The outer rim of this formation has received a significant amount of erosion due to minor impacts, but much of the outer wall retains its original shape and a certain degree of terracing. The rim is broken by smaller craters along the south, north, and northwest sides, designated Messala B, J, and K, respectively. Messala J has a narrow gouge in its eastern rim leading one crater diameter to the east. It is attached to a slightly larger crater which lies across the southern rim of Schumacher.

The interior floor is relatively level but contains irregularities in the surface at some locations. There are several small craters across the floor, which are now little more than low rims and depressions in the surface. The most notable of these is a ghost crater along the western inner wall.

Origin of name
The crater is named after Masha'allah ibn Atharī (c.740-d.815 AD), a Persian Jewish astrologer and astronomer from the city of Basra (now located in modern-day Iraq) who was the leading astrologer of the late 8th century. Masha'allah was one of the most prominent members of the commission which decided for Caliph al-Mansur (A.D. 754–775) that the propitious moment for the founding of Baghdad fell on 30 July 762.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Messala.

title: Messala (crater)


text:
Adriana Lecouvreur

Adriana Lecouvreur is an opera in four acts by Francesco Cilea to an Italian libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the 1849 play Adrienne Lecouvreur by Eugène Scribe and Ernest Legouvé. It was first performed on 6 November 1902 at the Teatro Lirico in Milan.

Background
The same play by Scribe and Legouvé which served as a basis for Cilea's librettist was also used by at least three different librettists for operas carrying exactly the same name, Adriana Lecouvreur, and created by three different composers. The first was an opera in three acts by Tomaso Benvenuti (premiered in Milan in 1857). The next two were lyric dramas in 4 acts by Edoardo Vera (to a libretto by Achille de Lauzières) which premiered in Lisbon in 1858, and by Ettore Perosio (to a libretto by his father), premiered in Genoa in 1889. After Cilea created his own Adriana, however, none of those by others were performed anymore and they remain largely unknown today.

The opera is based on the life of the French actress Adrienne Lecouvreur (1692–1730). While there are some actual historical figures in the opera, the episode it recounts is largely fictional; its death-by-poisoned-violets plot device is often signalled as verismo opera's least realistic. It is often condemned as being among the most confusing texts ever written for the stage, and cuts that have often been made in performance only make the story harder to follow. The running time of a typical modern performance is about 135 minutes (excluding intervals).

Performance history
The opera premiered at the Teatro Lirico, Milan, on 6 November 1902, with the well-known verismo soprano Angelica Pandolfini in the title role, Enrico Caruso in the role of Maurizio, and the lyric baritone Giuseppe De Luca as Michonnet.

The opera was first performed in the United States by the San Carlo Opera Company on January 5, 1907, at the French Opera House in New Orleans with Tarquinia Tarquini in the title role. It gained its Metropolitan Opera premiere on 18 November 1907 (in a performance starring Lina Cavalieri and Caruso). It had a run of only three performances that season, however, due in large part to Caruso's ill-health. The opera was not performed again at the Met until a new production was mounted in 1963, with Renata Tebaldi in the title role. That 1963 production continued to be remounted at the same theatre, with differing casts, for the next few decades. It was in the lead role of this opera that the Spanish tenor Plácido Domingo made his Met debut in 1968, alongside Renata Tebaldi. He sang again in Adriana Lecouvreur in February 2009.

The title role in Adriana Lecouvreur has always been a favorite of sopranos with large voices, which tend to sit less at the very top of their range. The part has a relatively low tessitura, going no higher than Bb, and only a few times at that, but requires great vocal power and is challenging to tackle on a dramatic level – especially during the work's so-called "Recitation" and death scene. Famous Adrianas of the past 75 years have included Claudia Muzio, Clara Petrella, Magda Olivero, Renata Tebaldi, Carla Gavazzi, Leyla Gencer, Montserrat Caballé, Raina Kabaivanska, Renata Scotto, Mirella Freni, and Joan Sutherland. Angela Gheorghiu tackled the role at the Royal Opera, London, in 2010 with Jonas Kaufmann as Maurizio. It was the first new production (directed by David McVicar) at the Royal Opera House since 1906. Angela Gheorghiu has reprised the role with great critical acclaim, in the same production, at the Vienna State Opera, when the opera was presented for the very first time on its stage (2014), Paris (2015) and again in London, when she celebrated 25 years on the stage of the Royal Opera House and 150 performances with the company (2017) The Met presented a production new to that house by David McVicar on 31 December 2018, with Anna Netrebko in the title role, Piotr Beczała as Maurizio and Anita Rachvelishvili as the Princess de Bouillon.

A recording of part of the opera's last act duet "No, più nobile", rearranged into a self-contained tenor aria, was made by Caruso as early as 1902 for the Gramophone & Typewriter Company in Milan and its affiliates, with Cilea at the piano.

Synopsis

 * Place: Paris, France
 * Time: 1730

Act 1
Backstage at the Comédie-Française

The company is preparing for a performance and bustling around Michonnet, the stage manager. The Prince de Bouillon, admirer and patron of the actress Duclos, is also seen backstage with his companion, the Abbé. Adriana enters, reciting, and replies to the others' praise with 'Io son l'umile ancella' ("I am the humble servant of the creative spirit"). Left alone with Adriana, Michonnet wants to express his love for her. However, Adriana explains that she already has a lover: Maurizio, a soldier of the Count of Saxony. Maurizio enters and declares his love for Adriana, 'La dolcissima effigie.' They agree to meet that night, and Adriana gives him some violets to put in his buttonhole. The Prince and the Abbé return. They have intercepted a letter from Duclos, in which she requests a meeting with Maurizio later that evening at the Prince's villa. The Prince, hoping to expose the tryst, decides to invite the entire troupe there after the performance. On receiving Duclos's letter, Maurizio cancels his appointment with Adriana, who in turn opts to join the Prince's party.

Act 2
A villa by the Seine

The Princess de Bouillon, not the actress Duclos (who was only acting as her proxy), is anxiously waiting for Maurizio ("Acerba voluttà, dolce tortura"). When Maurizio enters, she sees the violets and asks how he came by them. Maurizio presents them to her, but confesses that he no longer loves her. She deduces that he loves someone else, but soon she's forced to hide when the Prince and the Abbé suddenly arrive. Maurizio realizes that they think he is with Duclos. Adriana enters and learns that Maurizio isn't a soldier at all, but the disguised Count of Saxony himself. He tells Adriana the assignation was political, and that they must arrange the escape of a woman who is in hiding nearby. Adriana trusts him and agrees to help. During the intermezzo that follows, the house is darkened, and Adriana tells the Princess that this is her opportunity to escape. However, the two women are mutually suspicious, and the rescue attempt turns into a blazing quarrel before the Princess finally leaves. Michonnet, the stage manager, discovers a bracelet dropped by the Princess, which he gives to Adriana.

Act 3
The Hôtel de Bouillon

The Princess is desperate to discover the identity of her rival. The Prince, who has an interest in chemistry, is storing a powerful poison that the government has asked him to analyze. The couple host a reception, at which guests note the arrival of Michonnet and Adriana. The Princess thinks she recognizes the latter's voice, and announces that Maurizio has been wounded in a duel. Adriana faints. Soon afterwards, however, when Maurizio enters uninjured, Adriana is ecstatic. He sings of his war exploits ("Il russo Mencikoff"). A ballet is performed: the 'Judgement of Paris.' Adriana learns that the bracelet Michonnet found belongs to the Princess. Realizing that they are rivals for Maurizio's affection, the Princess and Adriana challenge each other. When the former pointedly suggests that Adriana should recite a scene from 'Ariadne Abandoned', the Prince asks instead for a scene from 'Phèdre'. Adriana uses the final lines of the text to make a headstrong attack on the Princess, who swears to have her revenge.

Act 4
A room in Adriana's house

It's Adriana's name day, and Michonnet is waiting in her home for her to awaken. Adriana is consumed with anger and jealousy. Her colleagues come to visit, bringing her gifts and trying to persuade her to return to the stage. One of these gifts is a diamond necklace, recovered by Michonnet, which Adriana had pawned to help pay off Maurizio's debts. A small casket arrives. It contains a note from Maurizio, along with the violets Adriana had given him at the theater. Adriana, hurt, kisses the flowers ("Poveri fiori") and throws them into the fire. Maurizio enters, hoping to marry her. They embrace, and he notices that she's shaking. She quickly becomes deranged, and Michonnet and Maurizio - who'd presented the violets to the Princess - realize that Adriana has been poisoned. For a moment, she becomes lucid again ("Ecco la luce"), then dies.

title: Adriana Lecouvreur


text:
Talk:October

WikiProject Time assessment rating comment
Want to help write or improve articles about Time? Join WikiProject Time or visit the Time Portal for a list of articles that need improving.

—Yamara ✉  17:29, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Discussion
I'm pretty sure the months added were July and August, named for (and by) Julius and Augustus Caesar

 * You are correct. --Valentinian 01:47, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

 * No, he's not. July and August were simple renamings of Quintilis and Sextilis, the old Roman Months.  BovineBeast 16:18, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Dear BovineBeast,

You are incorrect. The months of July and August were in fact named in honor of Julius and Augustus Caesar. The Georgian calendar is based on the Roman calendar hence the use of July and August, instead of other names. Valentinian is correct. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ittybitty17 (talk • contribs) 22:47, 10 September 2009 (UTC)

 * the origin of the names isn't being disputed, but the claim that the months were "added", and the resultant impression that the 10th month is called after the number Eight because it was "Pushed".
 * the entry for July states that it was a renaming of Quintilis (5th) and that the mismatch between Month names and their position in the calendar originates from the fact that the year used to begin in March. Obviously one of the articles (October or July) is misleading at best. --85.64.15.185 (talk) 11:27, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

I believe this article is at odds with the article on the "Roman Calendar". This article states that the months of July and August were added to the 10 month Roman calendar, yet the article on the Roman calendar states that the months of January and February were added to the 10 month Roman calendar. I believe the latter to be correct, and that July and August were merely renamed and not "inserted" into the calendar. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.185.58.130 (talk) 13:52, 28 September 2011 (UTC)

October events
I'm somewhat leery of listing October events, as the calendar included in the article has click throughs for each day of the month. The article would be kept cleaner by including only events associated with the month (e.g., the October Revolution) rather than any specific day in the month. — Walloon 09:40, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
 * One also has to wonder if Wiki-ites really understand the concept of fixed and movable dates as the list of events seems to mix the two. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.158.48.13 (talk) 11:37, 1 October 2015 (UTC)

Rocktober
Why does Rocktober redirect to this article? I mean ... it's not a misspelling, nor is anyone who's looking for Rocktober going to find anything of interest in this article. - Riobranden 00:33, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I have no idea. I just asked the editor who created those redirects if he can remember why; apparently they were created a year ago. Just out of interest, when you typed in 'Rocktober', what were you looking for? -- Jim Douglas 02:48, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I was looking to see if there was a festival called Rocktober -- Riobranden 19:53, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

when ocotkdfhfjhkv cjjvkjb —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.174.191.18 (talk) 16:39, 16 April 2009 (UTC)

October "events"
That list of "events" has gotten completely out of hand. I just carved out these two sections; do any of these actually belong on the page? -- Jim Douglas (talk) (contribs)  03:37, 5 November 2006 (UTC)

Food Celebrations

 * National Apple Month (in United States)
 * National Applejack Month (in United States)
 * National Caramel Month (in United States)
 * National Chili Month (in United States)
 * National Cookie Month (in United States)
 * National Country Ham Month (in United States)
 * National Dessert Month (in United States)
 * National Pasta Month (in United States)
 * National Pickled Pepper Month (in United States)
 * National Pizza Festival Month (in United States)
 * National Popcorn Poppin' Month (in United States)
 * National Pork Month (in United States)
 * National Pretzel Month (in United States)
 * National Spinach-Lovers' Month (in United States)
 * National Seafood Month (in United States)
 * Vegetarian Awareness Month

Other Monthly Observances

 * Adopt-A-Dog Month
 * American Magazine Month
 * Auto Battery Safety Month
 * Computer Learning Month
 * National Car Care Month (in United States)
 * National Clock Month (in United States)
 * Consumer Information Month
 * Cookbook Month
 * National Cosmetology Month (in United States)
 * Country Music Month
 * Crime Prevention Month
 * Energy Awareness Month
 * Family History Month
 * Fire Prevention Month
 * Gourmet Adventures Month
 * Halloween Safety Month
 * Health Care Food Service Month
 * International Book Fair Month
 * International Doll Collectors Month
 * International Marine Travel Month
 * National Kitchen and Bath Month (in United States)
 * Let's Talk Month
 * National Medical Librarians Month (in United States) (in United States)
 * National Quality Month (in Philippines)
 * National Sarcastics Month (in United States)
 * Roller Skating Month
 * Stamp Collecting Month
 * Spectacle of the Geese Month
 * National Toilet Tank Repair Month (in United States)
 * National UNICEF Month (in United States)

Other words - what is the purpose of this section?
What is the purpose of the "Other words" section? If it is merely to give translations, then this unnecessarily duplicates content in Wiktionary. If, however, as I suspect, it is to give names that illustrate the way the month is viewed around the world ("wine month", "month of dirt", "rutting time"), which is indeed information of encyclopedic interest, then why include French "octobre", Italian "ottobre", etc, which have the same etymon as the English word?

Further, isn't "Other names" a little of a misnomer? The month has only one name (in English). Perhaps "Translations", "Names in other languages" or "Names for October around the world" would be a better title. Likewise for the other months of the year. — Paul G 07:33, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

- MichelManaloLazo.Thur Oct 1, 2009 at 14:03 inside Isetann Cinerama Complex Shopping Centre in Quiapo,Manila,Metro Manila,Philippines. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 119.92.245.5 (talk) 05:58, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 9 one external links on October. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20071121102210/http://www.lupus.org:80/education/LAM_main.html to http://www.lupus.org/education/LAM_main.html
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External links modified
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Open RfC related to this article.
See Talk:List_of_month-long_observances. --MoonyTheDwarf (Braden N.) (talk) 02:00, 12 November 2019 (UTC)

Symbols: French word
"The French word octobre is shortened to 8bre." The attached footnote is simply a typed version of a letter written in French which abbreviates octobre to 8bre. this in no way indicates that "the French word octobre is shorted to 8bre". At best it shows that one person in one letter did this. And this would be a rebus, not a symbol. The line should be deleted. --142.163.194.161 (talk) 01:29, 10 October 2021 (UTC)

"Roctober" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Roctober and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 July 25 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. CycloneYoris talk! 02:06, 25 July 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 17:07, 3 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Visual Gravity -2, 2017.jpg

title: Talk:October


text:
Talk:International Conference of Asian Political Parties

Prologue
What is the organizational purpose of this organization? It seems to be hosted by ruling parties. – Kaihsu 20:15, 2004 Dec 8 (UTC)

External link
The external link is broken

Declaration of Beijing
Does somebody know how can I found the Declaration of Beijing that was aprovated in the IIIth Conference?

ideological content?
Is there any ideological content to these conferences? – Kaihsu (talk) 08:36, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

List of member parties
Is there a list of member parties? – Kaihsu (talk) 19:09, 15 July 2011 (UTC)


text: File:Interior of St Joseph's church, Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, France.jpg


text:
William Notman

William Notman (8 March 1826 – 25 November 1891) was a Scottish-Canadian photographer and businessman. The Notman House in Montreal was his home from 1876 until his death in 1891, and it has since been named after him. Notman was the first photographer in Canada to achieve international recognition.

Biography
Notman was born in Paisley, Scotland, in 1826. He received a decent education, which included lessons in painting and drawing. He moved to Montreal in the summer of 1856. An amateur photographer, he quickly established a flourishing professional photography studio on Bleury Street, a location close to Montreal's central commercial district, where he attracted clients who were members of the political and business elite.

His first important commission was the documentation of the construction of the Victoria Bridge across the St. Lawrence River. The bridge opened with great fanfare in 1860, attended by the Prince of Wales and Notman's camera. The gift to the prince of a maple box containing Notman's photographs of the construction of the bridge and scenes of Canada East and Canada West so pleased Queen Victoria that, according to family tradition, she named him "Photographer to the Queen."

Notman's status and business grew over the next three decades. He established branches throughout Canada and the United States, including seasonal branches at Yale and Harvard universities to cater to the student trade. Notman was also an active member of the Montreal artistic community; he collaborated with other artists such as Alexander Henderson to sponsor and host art exhibitions in his studio. The studio also provided training for aspiring photographers and painters.

Notman was highly regarded by his colleagues for his innovative photography, and held patents for some of the techniques he developed to recreate winter within the studio walls. He could simulate the presence of ice and snow in the studio, replicate fire using magnesium flares, and create naturalistic photographs using an innovative composite technique. His professional renown and financial success may largely be attributed to his winter scenes. He won medals at exhibitions in Montreal, London, Paris, and Australia. Notman's celebrity was also bolstered by his portraits of famous subjects such as Sitting Bull (Sioux name Tatanka Iyotake) and Buffalo Bill (born William Frederick Cody). Photography during the mid-19th century was not the simple process it later became. The typical tourist generally did not carry a camera and much of the Notman studio's images were taken with the tourist's needs in mind. Visitors would look through Notman's picture books and chose views, to buy individually mounted or perhaps made up into an album, and have a portrait taken as well. Street scenes in the burgeoning cities of Canada, the magnificence of modern transportation by rail and steam, expansive landscapes and the natural wonders, were all in demand either as 8" x 10" print, or in the popular stereographic form, and were duly recorded by the many staff photographers working for the Notman studio.

He was a regular contributor to the photographic journal Philadelphia Photographer and in partnership with its editor, Edward Wilson, formed the Centennial Photographic Company for the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, held in honour of the 100th anniversary of the United States in 1876. He won the only gold medal to be awarded by the British judges and the portrait identification card required for entrance to the grounds was the ancestor of today's various photo-ID cards.

When William Notman died suddenly in November 1891 after a short bout of pneumonia, management of the studio Wm Notman & Son was left to his son William McFarlane Notman, an experienced photographer in his own right, who with his brothers, had accompanied the itinerant settlement known as "End of Track" for the Canadian Pacific Railway and documented the completion of the railway in Western Canada.

Legacy
At Notman's death, his eldest son and partner, William McFarlane Notman, inherited the company. When William McFarlane Notman died of cancer in 1913, his younger brother Charles assumed responsibility. In 1935, Charles retired and sold the studio to the Associated Screen News, In 1957, the Notman Collection was purchased by McGill University. The 200,000 negatives, 43 Index Books, 200 Picture Books and assorted memorabilia were transferred to the McCord Museum of Canadian History.

The Notman Photographic Archives was created with the addition of the McCord Museum's existing photographic holdings to the Notman Collection, and the Notman Collection served as the kernel for an extensive Canadian photography department, covering Canada from Newfoundland to Victoria, the Great Lakes to the Arctic, from 1841 to 1935.

His residence from 1876 until his death, Notman House in Montreal was added to the Répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec historic registry on 8 December 1979.

title: William Notman


text:
Nasireddin (crater)

Nasireddin is a lunar impact crater that lies in the rugged terrain in the southern part of the Moon's near side. This crater overlaps two older formations, intruding into the crater Miller to the north and Huggins to the west. To the east of Nasireddin is the much larger walled plain Stöfler.

This crater is a younger formation than the two craters it overlies, particularly the worn Huggins to the west. This crater retains much detail, including a terraced inner wall and a sharp rim to the south and east where the inner wall has slumped. The interior floor is relatively level, but rough-surfaced. There are a few low central peaks near the midpoint of the interior, and a few tiny craterlets to mark the surface.

'Nasireddin' has been named after Nasīr al-Dīn Tūsī, a medieval Persian polymath and prominent writer; who is considered to be the greatest of the later Persian scholars. Nasīr al-Dīn Tūsī was an architect, astronomer, biologist, chemist, mathematician, philosopher, physician, physicist, scientist, theologian, and Marja Taqleed (Islamic scholar).

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Nasireddin.

title: Nasireddin (crater)


text:
Dysbaric osteonecrosis

Dysbaric osteonecrosis or DON is a form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen (N2) embolism (blockage of the blood vessels by a bubble of nitrogen coming out of solution) in divers. Although the definitive pathologic process is poorly understood, there are several hypotheses:

 * Intra- or extravascular nitrogen in bones, "nitrogen embolism".
 * Osmotic gas effects due to intramedullary pressure effects.
 * fat embolism
 * hemoconcentration and increased coagulability.

Presentation
The lesion begins as a localised area of infarction, usually without symptoms. Early identification of lesions by radiography is not possible, but over time areas of radiographic opacity develop in association with the damaged bone. Symptomatic lesions usually involve joint surfaces, and fracture where attempted healing occurs. This process takes place over months to years and eventually causes disabling arthritis, particularly of the femoral head (hip).

Dysbaric osteonecrosis lesions are typically bilateral and usually occur at both ends of the femur and at the proximal end of the humerus. Symptoms are usually only present when a joint surface is involved, which typically does not occur until a long time after the causative exposure to a hyperbaric environment. The initial damage is attributed to the formation of bubbles, and one episode can be sufficient, however incidence is sporadic and generally associated with relatively long periods of hyperbaric exposure, and aetiology is uncertain.

Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made by x-ray/MRI appearance and has five juxta-articular classifications and forehead, neck, and shaft classifications indicating early radiological signs.

Early on there is flattening of articular surfaces, thinning of cartilage with osteophyte (spur) formation. In juxta-articular lesions without symptoms, there is dead bone and marrow separated from living bone by a line of dense collagen. Microscopic cysts form, fill with necrotic material and there is massive necrosis with replacement by cancellous bone with collapse of the lesions.

The following staging system is sometimes useful when managing lesions.
 * Stage 0 - Intravascular coagulation
 * Stage 1 - Dead bone without repair
 * Stage 2 - Dead bone with repair but without collapse
 * Stage 3 - Dead bone with repair and with collapse
 * Stage 4 - Secondary degenerative arthritis

In a study of bone lesions in 281 compressed air workers done by Walder in 1969, 29% of the lesions were in the humeral head (shoulder), 16% in the femoral head (hip), 40% in the lower end of the femur (lower thigh at the knee) and 15% in the upper tibia (knee below the knee cap).

It is possible that the condition can worsen even after the initial diagnostic x-ray shows no symptoms, given continued exposure to decompression.

Prevention
Prevention is a more successful strategy than treatment. By using the most conservative decompression schedule reasonably practicable, and by minimizing the number of major decompression exposures, the risk of DON may be reduced. Prompt treatment of any symptoms of decompression sickness (DCS) with recompression and hyperbaric oxygen also reduce the risk of subsequent DON.

Treatment
Treatment is difficult, often requiring a joint replacement. Spontaneous improvement occasionally happens and some juxta-articular lesions do not progress to collapse. Other treatments include immobilization and osteotomy of the femur. Cancellous bone grafts are of little help.

Prognosis
If the diver has not been exposed to excessive depth and decompression and presents as DON, there may be a predisposition for the condition. Diving should be restricted to shallow depths. Divers who have suffered from DON are at increased risk of future fracture of a juxta-articular lesion during a dive, and may face complications with future joint replacements. Because of the young age of the population normally affected, little data is available regarding joint replacement complications.

There is the potential for worsening of DON for any diving where there might be a need for decompression, experimental or helium diving. Physically stressful diving should probably be restricted, both in sport diving and work diving due to the possibility of unnecessary stress to the joint. Any diving should be less than 40 feet/12 meters. These risks are affected by the degree of disability and by the type of lesion (juxta-articular or shaft).

Prevalence
Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a significant occupational hazard, occurring in 50% of commercial Japanese divers, 65% of Hawaiian diving fishermen and 16% of commercial and caisson divers in the UK. Its relationship to compressed air is strong in that it may follow a single exposure to compressed air, may occur with no history of DCS but is usually associated with significant compressed air exposure. The distribution of lesions differs with the type of exposure - the juxta-articular lesions being more common in caisson workers than in divers. There is a definite relationship between length of time exposed to extreme depths and the percentage of divers with bone lesions. Evidence does not suggest that dysbaric osteonecrosis is a significant risk in recreational scuba diving.

title: Dysbaric osteonecrosis


text:
Larry Whitty, Baron Whitty

John Lawrence Whitty, Baron Whitty, (born 15 June 1943), known as Larry Whitty, is a British Labour Party politician.

Early life
Born in 1943, Whitty was educated at Latymer Upper School and graduated from St John's College, Cambridge, with a BA (Hons) degree in Economics. He worked for Hawker Siddeley Aviation from 1960 to 1962 and at the Ministry of Aviation Technology from 1965 to 1970.

Trade unions
He was employed by the Trades Union Congress from 1970 to 1973 and the General Municipal Boilermakers and Allied Trade Union from 1973 to 1985.

The Labour Party
In 1985, Whitty became the General Secretary of the Labour Party, a post he held until 1994. He was part of the reforming leadership of Neil Kinnock; in the role progressed a wide-ranging agenda including the modification of internal rules, a shift towards a national membership scheme, the expulsion of entryist Militant group members and, following the 1987 election defeat, the internal Policy Review. Whitty's period as General Secretary meant that he oversaw two general elections (the later in 1992), and the election of John Smith and Tony Blair as leaders of the party. He was the European Co-ordinator for the Labour Party from 1994 to 1997.

Peerage
Whitty was created a life peer on 21 October 1996 as Baron Whitty, of Camberwell in the London Borough of Southwark. From July 1998, Whitty was Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions with responsibility for roads and road safety issues. From 1997 Lord Whitty was a Lord-in-Waiting (Government Whip) covering education and foreign affairs. He became Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at DEFRA with responsibility for Farming, Food and Sustainable Energy in June 2001, serving in this position until the general election of May 2005.

Consumer Focus
Whitty was appointed as the first Chairman of Consumer Focus in July 2007. Consumer Focus was created through the merger of three organisations – energywatch, Postwatch and the National Consumer Council (including the Scottish and Welsh Consumer Councils) – by the Consumers, Estate Agents and Redress Act 2007.

Personal life
Whitty is married, with two sons from a previous marriage. He is the brother of Geoff Whitty, a former Director of the Institute of Education, London University.

title: Larry Whitty, Baron Whitty


text:
Christ Church Greyfriars

Christ Church Greyfriars, also known as Christ Church Newgate Street, was a church in Newgate Street, opposite St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. Established as a monastic church in the thirteenth century, it became a parish church after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Following its destruction in the Great Fire of London of 1666, it was rebuilt to the designs of Sir Christopher Wren. Except for the tower, the church was largely destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. The decision was made not to rebuild the church; the ruins are now a public garden.

Gothic church
Christ Church Greyfriars had its origins in the conventual church of a Franciscan monastery, the name 'Greyfriars' being a reference to the grey habits worn by Franciscan friars. The first church on the site was built in the mid-thirteenth century, but this was soon replaced by a much larger building, begun in the 1290s and finished in about 1360. This new church was the second largest in medieval London, measuring 300 ft long and 89 ft wide,  with at least eleven altars. It was built partly at the expense of Marguerite of France, second wife of King Edward I. She was buried at the church, as was Isabella, widow of Edward II and her daughter Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scotland. The heart of Eleanor of Provence, wife of Henry III, was also interred there.

Richard Whittington, Lord Mayor of London, founded a library in connection with the church in 1429.

The monastery was dissolved in 1538 during the English Reformation. The building and fittings suffered heavy damage in this period. Tombs disappeared, sold for their marble and other valuable materials; monuments were defaced. In 1546, Henry VIII gave the priory and its church, along with the churches of St Nicholas Shambles and St Ewin, Newgate Market, to the City Corporation. A new parish of Christ Church was created, incorporating those of St Nicholas and St Ewin, and part of that of St Sepulchre. The priory buildings later housed Christ's Hospital school, founded by Edward VI, and the church became its pupils' principal place of  worship.

In the 1640s Christ Church was the church of the Presbyterian polemicist Thomas Edwards, and during May 1647 became a centre of operations for attempts to disband and pay arrears to members of the New Model Army.

Wren's church

The medieval church was destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666. Reconstruction was assigned to Wren, who oversaw a decades long programme to rebuild St. Paul's Cathedral and approximately 50 parish churches. There appears to have been some debate about the form the new Christ Church should take. A surviving unused design shows a structure considerably larger than the one eventually built.

The parish was united with that of St Leonard, Foster Lane, which was not rebuilt

Parishioners raised £1,000 to begin work on the design. To save time and money, the foundations of the gothic church were partially reused. The new church and tower (without steeple) were completed in 1687, at a total cost of £11,778 9s. 7¼d. Smaller than the gothic structure, the building measured 114 ft long and 81 ft wide, occupying only the eastern end of the site of the medieval church, the western part becoming its churchyard.

The tower, rising from the west end of the church, had a simple round-arched main entranceway and, above, windows decorated with neoclassical pediments. Large carved pineapples, symbols of welcome, graced the four roof corners of the main church structure. Unique among the Wren churches, the east and west walls had buttresses.

The interior was divided into nave and aisles by Corinthian columns, raised on tall plinths so that their bases were level with the gallery floors. The aisles had flat ceilings, while the nave had a shallow cross-vault. The north and south walls had large round-arched windows of clear glass, which allowed for a brightly lit interior. The east end had trinity windows, a large wooden altar screen and a carved hexagonal pulpit, reached by stairs. There was elaborate carved wainscoting. A pavement of reddish brown and grey marble to the west of the altar rails was said to date from the original gothic church. Galleries stood over the north and south aisles, built at special request of the officers of Christ's Hospital as seating for the school's students. Pews were said to have been made from the timbers of a wrecked Spanish galleon. The organ, on the west wall over the main nave door, was built by Renatus Harris in 1690, according to a pre-war guide to the church.

The steeple, standing about 160 ft tall, was finished in 1704 at an additional cost of £1,963, 8s. 3½ d. It has three diminishing storeys, square in plan, the middle one with a freestanding Ionic colonnade.

Over the course of the church’s existence, significant modifications were made. In 1760, a vestry house was built against the facade’s south  side and part of the church's south wall. At some point, rooms were enclosed in the north and south aisles beneath the galleries. Stained glass depicting Jesus with the children was installed in the centre trinity window to replace the original clear glass.

The church functioned as an important centre of City of London society and music. The Lord Mayor attended an annual service to hear the Ancient Spital Sermon on the second Wednesday after Easter, placing  his ceremonial sword in a special holder. Felix Mendelssohn played Bach's A minor fugue and other works on the organ in 1837. Samuel Wesley also performed at the church.

The Christ's Hospital boys continued to attend services, sitting in the galleries. According to the pre-war guide book to the church, they included the young Samuel Coleridge and Charles Lamb. Sixth Form boys tasked with maintaining order sat in special seats placed over those of the younger students. A few boys carved initials in the woodwork.

Decline of the congregation
In 1902 Christ's Hospital moved out of the City to Horsham, West Sussex, ending the Sunday influx of its schoolboys. A new vicar, T.R. Hine-Haycock, took over in 1912. A July 1922 Christ Church newsletter preserved at Guildhall Library shows that at that time it had an 8:30 a.m. Holy Communion service every Sunday, and musical services at 11 a.m. every first and third Sunday.The church was open daily for private prayer from noon to 3 p.m. In its final years, the congregation continued to drop in size, a common trend for City churches as people relocated to suburban neighbourhoods of London. Parish records at the Guildhall Library show there were 112 members in April 1933, mostly residents of places outside the parish boundaries. Many of those who made their homes in the parish were "housekeepers", people who lived in and looked after commercial buildings. In April 1937, the membership had dropped to 77.

Destruction
The church was severely damaged in the Blitz on 29 December 1940. During one of the Second World War's fiercest air raids on London, a firebomb struck the roof and tore into the nave. Much of the surrounding neighbourhood was also set alight—a total of eight Wren churches burned that night. At Christ Church, the only fitting known to have been saved was the cover of the finely carved wooden font, recovered by an unknown fireman who ran inside as the flames raged. The roof and vaulting collapsed into the nave; the tower and four main walls, made of stone, remained standing but were smoke-scarred and gravely weakened. A photograph taken the following day shows two firemen hosing down smouldering rubble in the nave.

Post-war period
In 1944, The Times wrote about the ruins of Christ Church

In 1949, in a reorganisation of Church of England parishes in London, authorities decided not to rebuild Christ Church. The remains of the church were designated a Grade I listed building on 4 January 1950. In 1954, the Christ Church parish was merged with that of the nearby St Sepulchre-without-Newgate.

The steeple, still standing after the wartime damage, was disassembled in 1960 and put back together using modern construction methods. The surviving lower part of the south wall and the entire east wall were demolished in 1962 to make way for a widening of King Edward Street. In 1981, neo-Georgian brick offices were constructed against the southwest corner of the ruins, in imitation of the 1760 vestry house that had stood there. In 1989, the former nave area became a public garden and memorial. The tower's lowers levels functioned as commercial rental space.

In 2002, the financial firm Merrill Lynch completed a regional headquarters complex on land abutting to the north and the west. In conjunction with that project, the Christ Church site underwent a major renovation and archeological examination, King Edward Street was returned to its former course, and  the site of the church regained its pre-war footprint. The churchyard was spruced up and its metal railings restored. In 2006, work was completed to convert the tower and spire into a modern twelve-level private residence. The nave area continues as a memorial; the wooden font cover, topped by a carved angel, can today be seen in the porch of St Sepulchre-without-Newgate.

Burials

 * John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave
 * James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele
 * John Devereux, 1st Baron Devereux
 * Elizabeth Barton  (the 'holy maid of Kent')
 * Richard Baxter  (theologian)
 * Venetia Stanley  (society beauty)
 * Kenelm Digby  (courtier, adventurer, and natural philosopher)
 * Humphry Ditton (mathematician)
 * Isabella of France, Queen of England, wife of King Edward II
 * Thomas Malory  (author of Le Morte d'Arthur)
 * Margaret of France, Queen of England, second wife of King Edward I
 * Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scotland, first wife of King David II of Scotland
 * Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk  (noblewoman)
 * Isabella, Countess of Bedford (princess), daughter of King Edward III
 * Beatrice of England (princess), daughter of King Henry III
 * Richard Royston (Royalist printer)
 * Sir William Byrt (knighted by King Edward IV)
 * Lawrence Sheriff (Queen's Grocer); founder of Rugby School

title: Christ Church Greyfriars


text:
Leonie Rysanek

Leopoldine Rysanek (14 November 1926 – 7 March 1998) was an Austrian dramatic soprano.

Life
Rysanek was born in Vienna as one of six children of a Czech father and an Austrian mother. She entered the Vienna Academy at 16, where she studied with Alfred Jerger. Rysanek made her operatic debut in 1949 in Innsbruck.

In 1951, the Bayreuth Festival reopened and the new leader Wieland Wagner asked her to sing Sieglinde in Die Walküre, conducted by Herbert von Karajan. He was convinced that her unique, young and beautiful voice, combined with her rare acting abilities, would create a sensation. She became a star overnight, and the role of Sieglinde followed her for the rest of her career. Her final performance was at the Salzburg Festival in August 1996, as Klytämnestra in Elektra by Richard Strauss.

She made her American debut at the San Francisco Opera on 18 September 1956 in Der fliegende Holländer, the first of her nineteen roles in San Francisco. Other operas were Ariadne auf Naxos, Macbeth, Turandot, Un ballo in maschera, La forza del destino, Tannhäuser, Aida, Salome (Salome and Herodias), Tosca, Der Rosenkavalier, Die Frau ohne Schatten, Die Walküre, Lohengrin (Elsa and Ortrud), Jenůfa (Kostelnička), and The Queen of Spades (the Countess). Her last San Francisco performance was on 12 December 1993.

Her Metropolitan Opera debut came in 1959 as Lady Macbeth in Verdi's Macbeth, replacing Maria Callas who had been "fired" from the production. Over her lengthy career, she sang 299 performances in 24 roles there. She starred in productions of Verdi's Nabucco, in the title role of Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss, the Empress in Die Frau ohne Schatten, also by Strauss, and Janáček's Káťa Kabanová. She made her farewell there as the Countess in Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades in January 1996.

She was appointed curator of the Vienna Festival a few months after her retirement, a post she held until her death in Vienna at age 71 (she had been diagnosed with bone cancer during her last Met performances). Two days later, a Metropolitan Opera production of Wagner's Lohengrin with Ben Heppner in the title role was dedicated to her memory. In that opera, she had sung the role of Ortrud in the 1985–86 production.

Voice and roles
Rysanek was known for singing the music of Richard Strauss. She was especially praised as the Empress (Kaiserin) in Die Frau ohne Schatten, the title role in Salome, the Marschallin in Der Rosenkavalier and Chrysothemis in Elektra. She occasionally sang Ariadne/Prima Donna in Ariadne auf Naxos and female leads in Strauss operas rarely staged (Die ägyptische Helena and Die Liebe der Danae). However, cautious of playing out of her league, she did not tackle Salome until 1972 when she was age 46, although she kept the role of Sieglinde in her active repertoire from her early 20s until age 62.

She avoided offers to sing Isolde in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde despite speculation that the role would be perfect for her. She sang Brünnhilde in Die Walküre in 1950 in Innsbruck but did not return to this role. One of her performances in Die Walküre took place in the same week as her appearance as Gilda in Rigoletto.

Rysanek sang the title role of Tosca often, and Turandot a few times. She also sang Leonore in Beethoven's Fidelio. In Wagner, she sang Elisabeth in Tannhäuser often, also Elsa and Ortrud in Lohengrin. The role in which she was most revered, in addition to Strauss's Kaiserin and Chrysothemis, was Sieglinde in Die Walküre.

Due to Rysanek's vocal technique and strong vocal endurance, she was able to sing many Verdi leads, notably Desdemona in Otello, Lady Macbeth, Amelia in Un ballo in maschera, Elisabetta in Don Carlo, Leonora in La forza del destino, and the title role of Aida. She also sang Abigaille in the Metropolitan Opera's first staging of Nabucco in 1960. Rysanek also took an interest in Czech opera (Smetana, Janáček), even though she didn't grow up speaking Czech at home.

Rysanek sang Turandot and was praised in her role of Kundry in Parsifal at the Met, Vienna, and the Bayreuth Festival. She started her career when Kirsten Flagstad was still alive and Birgit Nilsson and Astrid Varnay at the peak of their vocal abilities. In 1981, Karl Böhm persuaded her to sing Elektra for a Unitel film (with the soundtrack recorded in the studio), not a live production in an opera house. In her later years, Rysanek reverted to dramatic mezzo-soprano roles like Herodias in Salome, Klytemnestra in Elektra and Kostelnička in Janáček's Jenůfa.

Soprano Lotte Rysanek was Leopoldine Rysanek's sister.

Officially published recordings
Work (composer), role, conductor, year of recording, label.

 * Die Walküre act 3 (Richard Wagner), Sieglinde, Herbert von Karajan, 1951, EMI
 * Die Walküre (Richard Wagner), Sieglinde, Wilhelm Furtwängler, 1954, EMI
 * Die Frau ohne Schatten (Richard Strauss), Kaiserin, Karl Böhm, 1955, Decca
 * Fidelio (Ludwig van Beethoven), Leonore, Ferenc Fricsay, 1957, Deutsche Grammophon
 * Operatic Arias, Arturo Basile, 1958, RCA Victor
 * Ariadne auf Naxos (Richard Strauss), Prima Donna/Ariadne, Erich Leinsdorf, 1958, Decca
 * Macbeth (Giuseppe Verdi), Lady Macbeth, Erich Leinsdorf, 1959, RCA Victor
 * Otello (Giuseppe Verdi), Desdemona, Tullio Serafin, 1960, RCA Victor
 * Requiem (Giuseppe Verdi), soprano, Herbert von Karajan, 1960, EMI
 * Der fliegende Holländer (Richard Wagner), Senta, Antal Doráti, 1961, Decca
 * Die Frau ohne Schatten (Richard Strauss), Kaiserin, Herbert von Karajan, 1964, Deutsche Grammophon
 * Die Walküre (Richard Wagner), Sieglinde, Karl Böhm, 1967, Philips
 * Médée (Luigi Cherubini), Medea, Horst Stein, 1972, RCA
 * Salome (Richard Strauss), Salome, Karl Böhm, 1972, RCA
 * Die Frau ohne Schatten (Richard Strauss), Kaiserin, Karl Böhm, 1977, Deutsche Grammophon
 * Elektra (Richard Strauss), Elektra, Karl Böhm, 1981, Unitel (video)
 * Jenůfa (Leoš Janáček), Kostelnička, Eve Queler, 1988, BIS
 * Salome (Richard Strauss), Herodias, Giuseppe Sinopoli, 1990, Deutsche Grammophon
 * Elektra (Richard Strauss), Klytaemnestra, Jeffrey Tate, 1990, Claves
 * Elektra (Richard Strauss), Klytaemnestra, Friedemann Layer, 1995, Actes Sud Musicales

Other recordings

 * Senta in Der fliegende Holländer: Bayreuth Festival 1959, cond. Wolfgang Sawallisch
 * Sieglinde in Die Walküre: Bayreuth Festival 1958, cond. Hans Knappertsbusch
 * Title role in Salome: Chorégies d'Orange 1974, cond. Rudolf Kempe
 * Gioconda in La Gioconda: Berlin State Opera, 1974, cond. Giuseppe Patanè
 * Chrysothemis in Elektra: Cologne Radio 1953, cond. Richard Kraus (conductor); and Bavarian State Opera 1955, cond. Karl Böhm
 * Elisabeth in Tannhäuser: Bayreuth Festival 1964, cond. Otmar Suitner; and 1966, cond. Carl Melles
 * Elsa in Lohengrin: Bayreuth Festival 1958, cond. André Cluytens
 * Danae in Die Liebe der Danae: Bavarian State Opera 1953, cond. Kurt Eichhorn
 * Helena in Die ägyptische Helena: Bavarian State Opera 1956, cond. Joseph Keilberth
 * Title role in Aida: Vienna State Opera 1955, cond. Rafael Kubelík
 * Amelia in Un ballo in maschera: Metropolitan Opera 1962, cond. Nello Santi

Decorations and awards

 * 1956: Österreichische Kammersängerin
 * 1956: Bayerische Kammersängerin
 * 1956: Silver rose of the Vienna Philharmonic
 * 1986: Honorary Ring of the Vienna
 * 1991: Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters (France)
 * 1996: Grand Gold Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
 * Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class

Honorary memberships

 * 1974: Honorary member of the Vienna State Opera
 * 1984: Honorary member of the Metropolitan Opera
 * 1986: Honorary member of the San Francisco Opera
 * 1994: Honorary member of the Opéra de Marseille

title: Leonie Rysanek


text:
Talk:Paul Desmarais

Section is hard to understand: The escape of Paribas
The section currently says this:

I'm not sure how to parse this, and I can't really make any sense of it. Is there anyone who understands this who could rephrase it to make it more comprehensible? --Doradus (talk) 12:13, 3 July 2013 (UTC)

The paragraph is from the french article, and I translate it as:

Since there isn't a citation, I'm leaving it here on the Talk page, though I suspect it was important. Someone may want to check sources and add it to the article. alacarte (talk) 13:26, 23 August 2018 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Paul Desmarais


text:
User:Shadowslay69

You all suck. I'm superior. You're all big son of a @#$&^*. I rock. you all are species of shit.

title: User:Shadowslay69


text: User talk:202.61.114.80

title: User talk:202.61.114.80


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Vlacq (crater)

Vlacq is a prominent lunar impact crater that is located in the southeastern part of the Moon, and appears foreshortened when viewed from the Earth. This crater is adjacent to the northeastern rim of the larger Hommel, and to the northwest rim of Rosenberger. This crater has become eroded, but not to the degree of the larger neighboring craters. The satellite crater Vlacq G intrudes into the southern rim of Vlacq, and is overlaid in turn along the southwest rim by the sharp-rimmed Vlacq B. The satellite crater Vlacq C is attached to the northeastern exterior rim of Vlacq.

The interior floor of Vlacq has been resurfaced by lava, leaving a nearly level base. The southwest half of the floor, however, is overlaid by ejecta from nearby impacts. In the midpoint of the floor is a rounded massif that is about 15 kilometers in length, being long along the northwest direction. The floor contains a number of tiny craterlets as well as several ghostly crater remnants in the western half. The most notable of these is a circular depression to the west of the central peak.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Vlacq.

title: Vlacq (crater)