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Peter Frelinghuysen Jr.

Peter Hood Ballantine Frelinghuysen Jr. (January 17, 1916 – May 23, 2011) was an American politician and attorney. He represented New Jersey's fifth congressional district in the United States House of Representatives as a Republican from 1953 to 1975.

Early life and education
Frelinghuysen was born in New York City to Peter H. B. Frelinghuysen and the former Adaline Havemeyer. Frelinghuysen's father was a banker who descended from 18th century Dutch settlers in Somerset County. His siblings included his twin brother Henry O.H. Frelinghuysen, a philanthropist and civic leader, George G. Frelinghuysen, and Frederica Frelinghuysen Emert.

He came from a long line of New Jersey politicians dating back to the early years of the United States, including four United States senators and two House members. He was the grandson of George Griswold Frelinghuysen, great-grandson of Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, the great-great-nephew of Theodore Frelinghuysen, and the great-great-great-grandson of Frederick Frelinghuysen. He was also a great-great-grandson of Ballantine Brewery founder Peter Ballantine.

Frelinghuysen attended St. Mark's School in Southborough, Massachusetts, before graduating from Princeton University in 1938 and Yale Law School in 1941.

Career
After practicing law in New York City, he served in the Office of Naval Intelligence from September 1942 to December 1945 obtaining the rank of lieutenant. He then studied at Columbia University, 1946–1947. He served as staff of the Foreign Affairs Task Force of the Hoover Commission in 1948 before returning to the private sector. He served as director of Howard Savings Bank in Livingston, New Jersey.

U.S. Congress
In 1952, he was elected to the House of Representatives from New Jersey's 5th congressional district and served there until his retirement from politics in 1975. As a moderate Republican, Frelinghuysen voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, 1964, and 1968, as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but not the Johnson administration's War on Poverty programs, although he voted in favor of Medicare, a program that expanded medical assistance for the elderly.

In December 1959, when the Port of New York Authority's plans to develop a tract of woodlands and marsh near his estate in Morris County as an international airport serving the New York City region were exposed, Frelinghuysen participated in the opposition by the Jersey Jetport Site Association that was composed of local residents and conservationists,  which raised funds to purchase almost 3,000 acres of the targeted site and donated it to the federal government, to be preserved forever as park lands. With the defeat of the airport development initiative, that parcel became the initial portion of the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, established by federal statute on November 3, 1960, in the middle of the development controversy.

In January 1965, he was House Minority Leader Gerald Ford's choice for Minority Whip, but lost on a secret ballot of the Republican caucus by a vote of 70 to 59 to the incumbent Les Arends, who had held the post since 1943.

1966 blackmail incident
In 1966, extortionists targeted Frelinghuysen for blackmail, arranging for him to have a sexual encounter with an underage male and then, posing as police officers, threatening him with public exposure. Frelinghuysen paid them $50,000. He later cooperated with the FBI's investigation of the extortionist ring, but the Justice Department notified the leadership of the House of Representatives and Frelinghuysen was forced off the Armed Services Committee.

Later life
After leaving Congress, Frelinghuysen served on the boards of several nonprofit institutions, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the New York Botanical Garden.

Personal life
He married the former Beatrice Sterling Procter, in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, on September 7, 1940. She was a descendant of the founder of Procter & Gamble. Their children include Peter Frelinghuysen II, a lawyer, and Rodney P. Frelinghuysen, a former congressman. They lived in a 20-room Georgian Colonial home on 32 acres in Harding Township, New Jersey, designed by James W. O'Connor in 1948.

His wife died in 1996. He died on May 23, 2011, at his home in Harding Township, New Jersey.

title: Peter Frelinghuysen Jr.


text: Template:Campaignbox Operations in Western Virginia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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List of political parties in Sudan

Sudan has several political parties which have very little political power. Opposition parties are allowed, but are widely considered to have no chance of gaining influence.

Main parties

 * Democratic Unionist Party (Al Hizb Al-Ittihadi Al-Dimuqrati)
 * Umma Party (Hizb al-Umma)
 * Umma Party (Reform and Renewal)
 * Omom Party
 * Sudanese Congress Party (SCP or SCoP) (Hizb al-Mu’tamar al-Sudani)
 * Popular Congress Party (Al-Mu'tamar al-Sha’bi)
 * Sudanese Ba'ath Party (Hizb al-Ba'ath as-Sudani)
 * Sudanese Communist Party (Al-Hizb al-Shuyui al-Sudani)
 * Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Organisation
 * Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Country
 * Liberal Party of Sudan (Al-Hizb Al-Librali)
 * Binaa Sudan Party (Hizb Binaa Al Sudan)
 * Liberal Democrats (Hizb Al-Demokhrateen Al-Ahrar)
 * Nubian Front of Liberation (Jabhat al-Tahrir al-Nuwbia)
 * National Democratic Alliance
 * Sudan National Alliance
 * The National Reform Party
 * Sudanese Unity National Party (S.U.N. PARTY)
 * Islamic Socialist Party
 * Free People Party (FPP)
 * Sudan Democratic Progressive Party

Dissolved parties

 * Sudanese Socialist Democratic Union

Banned parties

 * National Congress Party

title: List of political parties in Sudan


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Talk:Southern Netherlands

Names
The names should be changed to match the names of the period:

 * the Netherlands -> the Low Countries when referring to the 17 provinces
 * the Netherlands -> The Union of Utrecht/the United Provinces when referring to the independant provinces of the Low Countries

 * This should be okay now. --Joy [shallot]   01:54, 20 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * The article should be moved to "Southern Netherlands (1579-1794)" or something like that, to include the different periods, The Spanish Netherlands and The Austrian Netherlands.

--moyogo 18:41, 2004 Dec 23 (UTC)

 * I moved it all to "Southern ..." because that seems neutral enough to encompass "Spanish ..." and "Austrian ...", and then redirected those two terms over here (previously the latter was inaccurately pointing at the Seventeen Provinces). I guess if "Southern ..." is also too specific, the years could be included in the title. --Joy [shallot]   01:54, 20 Mar 2005 (UTC)

It's of course true that Brabant was a duchy. That doesn't mean it wasn't a province also though. All the provinces were either counties, duchies or church lands, with the exception of the never feodalised Frisia.

--MWAK 05:15, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Map
A map might be useful to illustrate this subject. What about this one? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:The_Low_Countries.png Indisciplined 12:18, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

Peacock wording
Just some snapshots of bombastic peacock wording:
 * section Place in the broader Netherlands:
 * Netherlands in general were a jewel in ...
 * in their proud defence of ancient privileges ...

I'm neutral towards the sides this old war, so I don't like being maneuvered into a certain emotional attitude (imagine a tone of deep scorn here!) when neutrally reading what they did in the late 1600ths. In wikipedia language the above examples are WP:PEACOCK wordings, and deviates from WP:NPOV. Rursus dixit. ( m bork3 !) 15:16, 31 January 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Southern Netherlands


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Talk:Cottage industry

-- not much of an article yet, but this was on the article request list... I'll look up the origins of the term and include something more specific...Morris 19:41, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

no domestic and cottage mean two entirely different things.--Rsrikanth05 13:28, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

no domestic industry is completely diffrent from cottage industry i DO NOT think that they should be merged. It would also make it harder to read and understand if there was a lot more information.

however the information was very useful

I don't think this article should be merged with domestic industry. There is a difference in connotation between the two, although the article doesn't yet convey that well.Mary 22:18, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

Merge discussion
I have looked at the comments in which someone else proposed merges. There are lots of assertions that they are different, but no further detail. Please sign in, agree or disagree, provide detail why, and then sign your comment (4 tildas) Ehusman 03:26, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

I agree that this article should be merged with the putting out system. According to what I have learned, the putting out system is the modern description of the key features of eighteenth-century rural industry. The Cottage Industry was mainly coined to distinguish it from the factory industry that came later. They are both just words to describe the same part in European History and there's really no need to have separate articles for each. However because "putting out system" is widely used by contemporaries to describe it, it should be the title. "Domestic Industry" is also another older phrase for the same thing. Really, all three should be merged into one article to avoid confusion. NcSchu 01:31, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cottage industry


text: Template:Campaignbox Manassas Campaign

title: Template:Campaignbox Manassas Campaign


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Hecamede

In the Iliad, Hecamede (Ancient Greek: Ἑκαμήδη), daughter of Arsinoos, was captured from the isle of Tenedos and given as captive to King Nestor. In her most prolonged mention, she serves Pramnian wine, a medicinal drink, to Nestor and Machaon.

title: Hecamede


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Mary Sue Coleman

Mary Sue Wilson Coleman (born October 2, 1943) is an American chemist and academic administrator who served as the 13th president of the University of Michigan from 2002 to 2014, interim president of the University of Michigan in 2022, and the 18th president of the University of Iowa from 1995 to 2002.

She formerly served as Professor of Biological Chemistry in the University of Michigan Medical School and Professor of Chemistry in the College of Literature, Science and the Arts.

Early life and education
Mary Sue Wilson was born on October 2, 1943, in Madison County, Kentucky. She graduated from a high school in Cedar Falls, Iowa.

Coleman received a Bachelor of Science with a major in chemistry from Grinnell College in 1965 and a Doctor of Philosophy in biochemistry from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1969.

Career
Coleman was on the biochemistry faculty at the University of Kentucky for nineteen years. She served as the 18th President of the University of Iowa from 1995 to 2002. Coleman joined the board of directors of the Meredith Corporation in 1997.

Coleman was appointed 13th president of the University of Michigan in August 2002. She joined the Board of Directors of Johnson & Johnson in 2003. Coleman began leading "The Michigan Difference" fundraising campaign for the University of Michigan in 2004; the campaign raised $3.2 billion, setting a record for a public university. Time magazine ranked Coleman as one of the ten best American university presidents in 2009, citing her success in fundraising and her emphasis on research. In July 2010, U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke appointed her as the co-chair of National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Coleman announced her retirement as President of the University of Michigan, effective July 1, 2014.

Coleman was appointed to the University of Denver Board of Trustees in June 2015. She is an elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and co-chaired the Academy's Lincoln Project on Excellence and Access in Public Higher Education Project with former University of California, Berkeley chancellor Robert Birgeneau. Coleman served as president of the Association of American Universities from 2016 to 2020.

Coleman was honored by the University of Michigan with the March 2021 dedication of the building that houses the Life Sciences Institute as the Mary Sue Coleman Hall, the first academic building on the Ann Arbor campus to be named for a woman. Coleman was appointed interim president of the University of Michigan on January 15, 2022, upon the termination of Mark Schlissel by the Board of Regents. She remained in the post until Santa Ono took the office on October 14, 2022.

Honors and awards
Coleman received honorary doctorate from a number of higher education institutions:

 * Doctor of Science, University of Kentucky (2003)
 * Doctor of Science, Grinnell College (2004)
 * Honorary Doctorate, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (2004)
 * Doctor of Science, Dartmouth College (2005)
 * Doctor of Science, University of Notre Dame (2007)
 * Doctor of Laws, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011)
 * Doctor of Science, Eastern Kentucky University (2012)
 * Doctor of Humane Letters, Indiana University (2013)
 * Doctor of Law, Michigan State University (2013)
 * Doctor of Science, Brandeis University (2018)
 * Doctor of Science, University of Iowa (2019)
 * Doctor of Humane Letters, University of Michigan (2023)

Personal life
She married Kenneth Coleman and they have one son.

title: Mary Sue Coleman


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User talk:Adambro

Welcome to my talk page

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BT Home Hub
Thanks for that. Actually, I came back to the BT Home Hub page this morning to reverse my own edits because I have just found that my Type 2A Home Hub now transceives on all 13 channels. I had been using a Type 2B hub and it broadcast on all 13 channels, but then it began to malfunction (as they have a tendency to do), and so I wired up my old Type 2A hub (which had also started malfunctioning a while back) and I could only see 11 channels, but this morning I can see 13 channels - it must have been a software upgrade between now and two years ago that allows that, and it must have upgraded the software overnight. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Betathetapi545 (talk • contribs) 06:00, 23 July 2012 (UTC)

Dave Benson Phillips
After receiving a friendly notice from Wikipedia, I have replaced the piece that was taken out. As Dave's manager and friend, I have tackled much wrongful information about about his career over the past few years. From 'Facebook's RIP DBP' to 'Football 365's' DBP Death Hoax. Even Wikipedia carried an item citing that Dave had worked for the adult entertainment channel, Babestation. This of course is not true. The false Dave Benson Phillips accounts that sent abusive messages to people who joined the sites, because they actually thought it was him. Link to that the years of abusive and racist telephone calls and emails to his office, phony job offers and generally referring to him as a 'retard'. What is abundantly clear is that people believe what has been written on Wikipedia and other social information sites, and people believed what they read about Dave. Over the years, I have have managed to get the sites to erase the harmful information about Dave, although some examples still remain. Wikipedia was my latest one to approach. All I want to do is to write the truth about him. What's wrong with that? — Preceding unsigned comment added by RMasters3434 (talk • contribs) 18:46, 4 August 2012 (UTC)

Dave Benson Phillips, Now What?
Reply to Adambro from RMasters3434 I can see this is going to difficult. I shall take your advice and gain information from reliable sources, and not from Dave himself, his wife, family and friends, because he and they are obviously not reliable. There are a few things to consider... In the article, there is a two-year gap. The last reported time period at the moment is 2008, then 2011 when Dave is writing shows with his wife. Question: how would YOU best describe the gap? As for his ADHD, as I far as I know, this is well documented. I wonder if you and your Wikipedia personnel will be so quick to throw out the the spurious claims about Dave when they start to re-surface. I can understand why Dave's wife gave up fighting for the article all those years ago...

I'll let you know when the crap starts being printed.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by RMasters3434 (talk • contribs) 17:42, 5 August 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by RMasters3434 (talk • contribs)

Notice of change
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:72.68.244.56
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:72.68.244.56 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.68.244.56 (talk) 22:28, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:50, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Just to let you know
You have been mentioned at Missing Wikipedians. Ottawahitech (talk) 02:22, 4 January 2016 (UTC)please ping me

Just to let you know
You have been mentioned at Missing Wikipedians. Ottawahitech (talk) 00:50, 16 July 2016 (UTC)please ping me

Your inactive bot(s)
Hello Adambro. We currently show that you are the operator on file for at least one  account that appears to be inactive. Please see the discussion and list of bots here: Bot owners' noticeboard. If you are no longer operating your bot, no action is required - your bot will be marked as retired and have the bot flag removed. Should your bot be retired and you wish to revive it in the future, please request bot authorization at WP:BRFA. If you are still in control of your bot (including knowing its hopefully strong password) and wish to maintain the bot flag, please sign the table on the linked discussion. Thank you, — xaosflux  Talk 14:41, 26 November 2016 (UTC)

Nomination of Summits on the Air for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Summits on the Air is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. -- RoySmith (talk) 00:11, 25 January 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Adambro


text: Template:Campaignbox Blockade of the Carolina Coast


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Handle with Care (song)

"Handle with Care" is a song by the British-American supergroup the Traveling Wilburys. It was released in October 1988 as their debut single and as the opening track of their album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1. The song was the first recording made by the group, although it was originally intended as a bonus track on a European single by George Harrison. When he and Jeff Lynne presented the song to Harrison's record company, the executives insisted it was too good for that purpose, a decision that resulted in the formation of the Wilburys. The song was written primarily by Harrison, although, as with all the tracks on Vol. 1, the writing credit lists all five members of the band: Harrison, Lynne, Bob Dylan, Roy Orbison and Tom Petty.

"Handle with Care" was the Wilburys' most successful single. It peaked at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, number 2 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart and number 21 on the UK Singles Chart, and was a top-five hit in Australia and New Zealand. Directed by David Leland, the video for the song was an MTV favourite in the late 1980s.

Petty and his band the Heartbreakers often performed "Handle with Care" in concert. Lynne sang it with them at the Concert for George, a year after Harrison's death in November 2001. Harrison's son Dhani Harrison sang lead on the song with Jeff Lynne's ELO during their 2019 US tour.

Background
"Handle with Care" came about through Warner Bros. Records, which distributed George Harrison's Dark Horse record label, pressing Harrison for an extra track for the European release of his "This Is Love" single. Having arrived in Los Angeles in April 1988, Harrison discussed the request over dinner with Jeff Lynne, his co-producer on the Cloud Nine album, and Roy Orbison, whose album Mystery Girl Lynne was producing at the time. Lynne agreed to help him record the track the following day, and Harrison invited Orbison to attend the session, after Orbison had said he "would like to come along and watch". With no professional studios available at such short notice, Harrison phoned Bob Dylan, who agreed to let them use his garage studio in Malibu. Tom Petty, who had also been working with Lynne in Los Angeles, was invited the following day, when Harrison went to retrieve his guitar from Petty's house.

In a 1990 interview for the Dutch television show Countdown, Harrison said that he started writing "Handle with Care" – with a section in mind for Orbison to sing – on the morning of the session. Lynne helped Harrison complete the music for the song when they arrived at Dylan's house; according to Petty, Harrison had the chord sequence "pretty much" completed beforehand. In another contemporary interview, Harrison recalled that he had the opening line, "Been beat-up and battered around", but otherwise, the lyrics were the result of a group effort. Harrison asked Dylan, who had been tending a barbecue for the musicians, to "Give us some lyrics, you famous lyricist." When Dylan asked for a title for the song, Harrison looked around the garage and said, "Handle with Care", after a label on a box.

All five musicians assisted in writing the song's lyrics, and sang and played acoustic guitars on the basic track. Harrison said that, having already planned Orbison's segment, he decided to include portions sung by Dylan, Lynne and Petty.

Composition
"Handle with Care" was written in the key of G major. The main riff and verses feature a four-bar chord sequence with a descending bass line. The first bridge includes a G augmented chord. The time signature throughout is 4/4, played to a moderate rock beat. In music journalist Matthew Greenwald's description, the composition is "built around a descending, folk-rock chord pattern and some ... major-key chorus movements". He identifies the song's message as being "about getting out from under the shell of the '60s fallout, along with a strong theme of survival".

The song's structure comprises rounds containing three distinct sections: Harrison's verses, the Orbison-sung "I'm so tired of being lonely" bridge, and a second bridge led by Dylan. Author Ian Inglis writes that Harrison's verses reflect his having overcome hardships and challenges throughout his musical career, with the line "Oh, the sweet smell of success!" conveying a mix of optimism, resignation and cynicism regarding the concept of stardom. Inglis says that while the song bears "Harrison's distinctive musical and vocal signature", the Orbison-sung segments evoke the "lonely" theme that was a defining element of Orbison's work from the late 1950s onwards, just as Dylan's bridges, containing the line "Put your body next to mine, and dream on", capture the "straightforward sexuality" evident in songs from that artist's late 1960s country period.

Recording and Wilburys' formation
The ensemble taped the basic track of acoustic guitars, accompanied by a drum machine, on Dylan's Ampex recorder. According to Lynne, the instruments used were a mix of six- and twelve-string guitars. Having been invited by Harrison to assist with the recording, engineer Bill Bottrell recalled that the garage studio had yet to be set up and the equipment was a mix of seemingly unused items.

The released recording includes Harrison's electric guitar riff, played on a Rickenbacker 12-string, and slide guitar solos, and Dylan on harmonica. The electric and bass guitars were added to the basic track on the day after the session at Dylan's house, and drummer Ian Wallace overdubbed tom-toms. According to Petty and Bottrell, Lynne played drums on the track and added a cowbell. The overdubbing session took place at Westlake Audio on Santa Monica Boulevard. Lynne said that they had invited Jim Keltner to play drums but he was unavailable. Wallace recalled that Lynne asked him to add some fills to the existing drum part, which Wallace said was a drum machine part, and that the venue was Quincy Jones' studio in Los Angeles, with all the Wilburys present except for Dylan.

When Harrison presented a mix of "Handle with Care" to Warner Bros., the company's executives insisted that the track was too good to be used as "filler" on a European single. He recalled that they thought the song would be wasted since it would not benefit Cloud Nine's sales. In Petty's recollection, Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming the Traveling Wilburys, a band they had imagined during the sessions for Cloud Nine. On Harrison's next visit to Los Angeles, from 8 May onwards, he, Lynne, Dylan, Orbison and Petty began recording the album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1. The recordings were completed by Harrison and Lynne, the Wilburys' producers, over the summer, at Harrison's Friar Park studio in England.

Video
The Wilburys filmed a music video for "Handle with Care" in early October 1988, at an abandoned brewery near Union Station in Los Angeles. It was directed by David Leland, who had recently directed Harrison's HandMade Films production Checking Out. The video features the group members performing the song around an old-fashioned omnidirectional microphone. The band were dressed and styled by Roger Burton, whose stylist credits included the films Quadrophenia and Chariots of Fire, and music videos for David Bowie, Eurythmics and UB40.

The video was the last to feature Orbison, who died of a heart attack on 6 December. Lynne recalls that, as they all travelled together to the film shoot, Orbison kept the band entertained by reciting entire Monty Python comedy sketches by himself. Lynne continues: "And he's got this enormous and most infectious giggle you've ever heard, and we'd all be giggling like schoolgirls after a minute or two and all fall about!" At the time, Lynne described the video as a "nice film, where we're just playing, with nice shots of guitars and heads and feet", and free of "gimmicks and fireworks". Orbison was dressed in a long black coat, black trousers and red shoes, and wore his usual diamond-encrusted Maltese cross brooch.

Release
Backed by "Margarita", "Handle with Care" was issued as the Wilburys' debut single on 17 October 1988, and as the opening track of Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 the following day. Although the group were viewed as being mainly Harrison's project, all the participants were keen to maintain a collaborative identity. Rather than use his Dark Horse label, they released the single and the album on a new Warner's imprint, Wilbury Records. The bandmates similarly shared the songwriting credits, although the allocation of each song's publishing rights reflected its main composer. In the case of "Handle with Care", the song was allocated to Harrison and his Ganga publishing company, which was later subsumed into his company Umlaut Corporation.

Aside from the standard 7-inch record and 3-inch CD releases, the single was available in the 10- and 12-inch vinyl formats, both of which used an extended version of the A-side. In the US, the CD single included both the standard-length and extended versions of "Handle with Care". The single's cover art was designed by Wherefore Art? and included a group photograph taken by Neal Preston.

According to authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter, the song received widespread airplay on US radio and the video was given "saturation play" on MTV and VH-1. Although the album was a major commercial success there, the popularity of the single failed to translate into sales. On the US charts compiled by Billboard magazine, "Handle with Care" peaked at number 45 on the Hot 100, yet number 2 on the radioplay-based Album Rock Tracks chart. Elsewhere, it reached number 21 on the UK Singles Chart, number 3 in Australia, where Vol. 1 was the best-selling album of 1989, and number 4 in New Zealand. It was the highest charting of all the Wilburys' singles in the UK and the US.

Critical reception and legacy
As with Vol. 1, "Handle with Care" received highly favourable reviews from music critics, even though the Wilburys' sound was at odds with contemporary musical trends. In a review of their second album, which Harrison chose to title Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3, Elizabeth Wurtzel of New York magazine highlighted "Handle with Care" among the Wilburys' "upbeat, irresistible songs ... that unified the rock audience" in 1988, by presenting the middle-aged stars as a "new act" to young listeners while also finding favour with the babyboomer market.

In his song review for AllMusic, Matthew Greenwald writes of "Handle with Care": "The opening track to the star-studded Traveling Wilburys album puts the group and their attitude in one compact package ... George Harrison handles the verses, and there are also two excellent bridges featuring Roy Orbison and Bob Dylan. Orbison's section capitalizes on his awesome, operatic vocal pipes, and the effect is wonderful ... In the end, the joy of camaraderie is what hits the listener the hardest and makes this one of the most memorable records of the 1980s."

Cash Box called it "a fine song, with each section's style seemingly fitting the singer's writing style...George opening, Roy lifting, and an ensemble chorus."

Author Howard Sounes says that, for Dylan, his friendship with Harrison enabled a collaboration that saved Dylan's career at a time when it was "reaching its nadir". He adds that the song had "a clever lyric about middle age and a strong melody" and featured an Orbison vocal performance that "soared". Matt Melis of Consequence of Sound lists "Handle with Care" tenth in his "Top Ten Songs by Ex-Beatles", saying that the Wilburys showed Harrison "at his absolute best since his solo work in the early Seventies" and, following this first spontaneous collaboration, "The rest is super group history."

Ian Inglis describes "Handle with Care" as a "glorious example of the way in which a synthesis of contrasting talents can produce music that is effortless and natural". With reference to the musical eras represented by Orbison, Harrison and Dylan, respectively, he concludes: "its real significance rests ... on its symbolic fusion of three revolutionary moments in the history of rock 'n' roll that had their beginnings in Sam Phillips' Sun Studio in Memphis, in the clubs and bars of Liverpool and Hamburg, and in the folk venues of New York's Greenwich Village." Author Simon Leng views the song as a "worthy hit" that displays the three lead singers' styles to equally good effect and, in the closing solos by Harrison and Dylan, features "two of the most famous instrumental signatures in popular music [playing] in tandem". Jeff Burger, writing for The Morton Report in 2016, highlighted "Handle with Care" and "Not Alone Any More" as Vol. 1's fun-filled "ear candy" that "profit from Orbison's inimitable soaring vocals, Harrison's trademark guitar, and Lynne's production".

In an article covering the launch of the expanded edition of Harrison's autobiography, I, Me, Mine, in 2017, Billboard's Andy Gensler commented that "Handle with Care" remained a fixture on FM radio. In May 2018, the track was used to close the "All the Wilburys" episode of the US television show Billions. The Wilburys' group dynamic is referred to in the episode, when the character Ari Spyros, a socially awkward compliance officer, shouts "Handle me with care!" in an effort to persuade his colleagues that he is worthy of Wilbury status.

Live performances and cover versions
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and Lynne performed "Handle with Care" at the Concert for George tribute in November 2002, a year after Harrison's death, and at Harrison's induction as a solo artist into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004. Petty and the Heartbreakers introduced the song into the set list for their own shows in 2003. A live recording appears on the band's 2005 DVD Live in Concert: Soundstage, recorded in Chicago for the Soundstage television series. In the Concert for George documentary film, which was again directed by David Leland, Petty and Lynne's performance is interspersed with interview footage in which Petty discusses the writing of the song.

On 14 September 2014, during the BBC Radio 2 Festival in a Day event in London's Hyde Park, Lynne performed "Handle with Care" as a tribute to Harrison and Orbison. The performance was accompanied by images of the two late Wilburys projected onto the backdrop of the stage.

In 2006, Jenny Lewis covered "Handle with Care" on her debut solo album, Rabbit Fur Coat, recorded with the Watson Twins, Ben Gibbard, Conor Oberst and M. Ward. While Andy Gill of The Independent said that the confident performance by Lewis and her collaborators "ensures that even a cover as unhip as The Traveling Wilburys' 'Handle With Care' sounds engaging", Will Levith of Ultimate Classic Rock dismissed it as a "terrible" version that resembled a "boozy, late-night karaoke" rendition next to the superlative performances of Harrison and Orbison on the Wilburys' "classic". Writing in March 2007, after the announcement that the long-unavailable Wilburys' catalogue was about to be reissued, in the box set The Traveling Wilburys Collection, Whitney Pastorek of Entertainment Weekly said: "while Petty's been doing the tune in concert for years, Jenny Lewis' decision to cover that song on last year's Rabbit Fur Coat seemed to get plenty of hipsters asking, Dude, how come I can't buy the original? And, as we all know, what the hipsters want, the hipsters get. Huzzah!"

Damien Leith included "Handle with Care" on his 2011 Orbison tribute album Roy: A Tribute to Roy Orbison. At the 2014 George Fest tribute in Los Angeles, organised by Harrison's son Dhani, the song was performed as the penultimate number by an ensemble including Brandon Flowers, Dhani Harrison, "Weird Al" Yankovic, Britt Daniel and Wayne Coyne. Reviewing the 2016 album and DVD release from the concert, for PopMatters, Megan Volpert wrote: "The gentlemen collaborate with Dhani on the Wilburys' 'Handle with Care', audibly evoking not just the noises of George, but also the ghost of Roy Orbison and almost hilariously good impersonations of Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne ... Dhani could've gotten Petty and Lynne, no doubt – but he is working on something arguably more important here than what Concert for George hoped to accomplish." In 2017, Stephen Stills and Judy Collins released a version of the song as the opening track of their album Everybody Knows.

Dhani Harrison sang "Handle with Care" as a featured guest during Jeff Lynne and ELO's tour of the US in the summer of 2019.

Track listing
Details per Madinger and Easter:
 * 7" and non-US CD single
 * A	 	"Handle with Care" (LP Version) – 3:20
 * B	 	"Margarita" (LP Version) – 3:16

 * 12" single (also 10" size)
 * A	 	"Handle with Care" (Extended Version) – 5:14
 * B	 	"Margarita" – 3:16

 * US CD single
 * 1) 	 	"Handle with Care" (LP Version) – 3:20
 * 2) 	 	"Margarita" (LP Version) – 3:16
 * 3) 	 	"Handle with Care" (Extended Version) – 5:14

Personnel
Traveling Wilburys
 * George Harrison – lead and harmony vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, slide guitar
 * Roy Orbison – lead and harmony vocals, acoustic guitar
 * Bob Dylan – harmony vocals, acoustic guitar, harmonica
 * Jeff Lynne – harmony vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, bass guitar, drums, cowbell
 * Tom Petty – harmony vocals, acoustic guitar

Additional musician
 * Ian Wallace – tom-toms

title: Handle with Care (song)


text: Template:Campaignbox McClellan's Operations in Northern Virginia


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Marty Ingels

Martin Ingerman (March 9, 1936 – October 21, 2015), known professionally as Marty Ingels, was an American actor, comedian, comedy sketch writer, and theatrical agent, who is best known as the co-star of the 1960s television series I'm Dickens, He's Fenster.

Early life
Ingels was born as Martin Ingerman to a Jewish family in 1936 in the Brooklyn borough of New York City, the son of Jacob and Minnie (née Crown) Ingerman. His uncle was Abraham Beame, the mayor of New York City from 1974 to 1977.

Ingels joined the Army where a talent scout spotted him for the televise quiz show Name That Tune. He won several thousand dollars and became known for his humorous repartee. He used his winnings to study at the Pasadena Playhouse.

Career
Ingels' acting career dates back to the early 1960s. He had his own short-lived ABC television series, I'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–63) with John Astin, which lasted one season of thirty-two episodes.

He guest-starred on the CBS sitcoms Pete and Gladys, The Ann Sothern Show, and Hennesey. He also appeared in one episode of ABC's Bewitched as "Diaper Dan", who plants a microphone bug in Tabitha's rattle so a competing advertising agency can scoop and steal Darrin's ideas. He appeared twice as Sol Pomeroy, an army buddy of the character Rob Petrie, on CBS's The Dick Van Dyke Show. In 1978, Ingels guest starred in Season Two, episode One of The Love Boat.

His voice-overs and commercials include those for Paul Masson wines, with his uniquely raspy voice. He played Autocat in the Motormouse and Autocat cartoons featured first on The Cattanooga Cats and then in a series of their own, and was Beegle Beagle in The Great Grape Ape Show. He was also the voice of the title character in the animated series adaptation of the 1980 video game Pac-Man. As late as 2010, Ingels was cast in an episode of CBS's CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.

He also acted in films, including Armored Command (1961), The Horizontal Lieutenant (1962), Wild and Wonderful (1964), The Busy Body (1967), A Guide for the Married Man (1967), For Singles Only (1968), The Picasso Summer (1969), If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium (1969), Linda Lovelace for President (1975), and Instant Karma (1990).

Beginning in the 1970s, Ingels worked primarily as an agent, specializing in representing actors in celebrity endorsement ads.

Personal life
Ingels was married twice: first to Jean Marie Frassinelli in 1960 (they divorced in 1969 after nine years of marriage); later to singer and actress Shirley Jones on November 13, 1977. Despite some drastically different personalities and several separations (Shirley filed, then withdrew, a divorce petition in 2002), the couple remained married until his death in 2015.

Lawsuits
Ingels was also known for frequent legal actions, so much that in his obituary in The New York Times Margalit Fox wrote: "[Ingels] always seemed to be suing someone, and someone always seemed to be suing him".

In 1993, Ingels sued actress June Allyson for his agency commission. Allyson had appeared in commercials for Depend, and Ingels alleged he was not paid his proper commission as her agent. Allyson denied wrongdoing and countersued. Ingels pleaded no contest to making harassing phone calls to Allyson.

In 2003, he sued radio personality Tom Leykis and Westwood One, saying that comments made about him constituted age discrimination. Ingels had called into Leykis's radio program objecting to the content, and Leykis declared on the air that Ingels was "not just older than my demographic, you’re the grandfather of my demographic." In June 2005, Ingels's lawsuit was dismissed and Ingels was ordered to pay Leykis's $25,000 in legal fees.

Death
Ingels died from a massive stroke at Tarzana Medical Center in Tarzana, California, on October 21, 2015, at the age of 79. After Ingels' death, Jones stated "He often drove me crazy, but there's not a day I won't miss him and love him to my core."

title: Marty Ingels


text: Template:Campaignbox Blockade of the Potomac River


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Talk:Potassium permanganate

"rejuvenation" of potassium permanganate
Potassium permanganate is known to be used at the discoloration process of jeans. A way of application is by impregnating pumice stones in a potassium permanganate solution and after that remove the pumice and let them dry. In this way pumice stones "encapsulate" an amount of permanganate and can be used to "stonewash" jeans and diminish the shade of jeans at the same time. This application results in a fashionable effect. As a result we get an inormous amount of pumice stones having a brown shade.(This is the inactivated form of potassium permanganate, magnesium oxide). Is it possible to "rejuvenate" the pumice? Is it possible to regain some of the quantity of permanganate by "oxidation" of the magnesium oxide?

 * Although potassium permanganate is made from manganese dioxide, the process would require that the MnO2 was extracted from the stones. My guess is that this would not be economically viable.  However, the stones could be re-impregnated with potassium permanganate to recharge them.

Misspelling ?
Down in hazards there is a sentence "such as a powder mixture of KMnO4" is it supposed to be powder? im not good with science so i didn't want to change it and find out powder meant something.

No KMnO4 does not come in the form of a powder, in fact it exists in form of dark voilet crystals.

Edit suggestions antidote topic
I decided to erase headline no 5 "As an antidote" because the information stated is not backed up by any references at all. The text said: "Potassium permaganate's use as an antidote for opium and specifically morphine overdose has been described in medical literature". Furthermore to my knowledge KMnO4 is not used as an antidote against any intoxicants. I know it used to be listed as an antidote agent (at least in sweden) against phosphorus, but this is no longer the case. -If it indeed is being used/misused outside of hospital settings somewhere for antidote reasons then I think it could be mentioned in the article, but then the claim would have to be backed up by quotation(-s) (and explain that it is equally effective as horse manure at combating opioid intoxication). /Chris 15:35, 08 October 2012 CET — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.102.1.31 (talk)

Merger proposal
There's a section in this article entitled "Medical Uses" (a subheading in the "Uses" heading) that contains a link to a second article entitled "Potassium permanganate (medical use)" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_permanganate_(medical_use).

While the second article does add important information, it repeats some the information already in this article, and it's lacking in key technical details that are already in this article. It also contains a subheading entitled "medical uses", which is already the title of that article. That just adds to the confusion.

The second article seems redundant and potentially confusing to the reader.

Unless there are objections, I propose merging the other article into this one. For simplicity it might make sense to just create a dedicated "medical uses" heading, then bring everything over from the second article, and delete extraneous information that is already mentioned elsewhere here.

I'll give this a try. Will post an update on progress. Betsy Rogers (talk) 22:44, 21 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Potassium permanganate


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Talk:Decay chain

A table
In rewriting Radioactive decay, I found the following table, reproduced here complete with plaintext label. Being of rather limited knowledge about radioactive decay, I have a few questions to ask.

The three such naturally occurring series are shown in the following table:

 * I see that the decay chains listed are those with nucleon numbers congruent to 0, 2, and 3 mod 4. Where's the series congruent to 1?
 * In the same vein, why are only heavy-element chains listed?
 * How are the "starting isotopes" determined? I see that these three isotopes have very long half-lives, but surely they must be, for their part, decay products of some other nuclides.

--Smack 19:47, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't claim any expertise in the area, however, I'm not sure I understand your question.
 * What do you mean when you say a nuclean number is "congruent"?
 * All radioactive isotopes will have a decay chain. For lighter elements, the decay chain is typically short; a single beta emission would result in a stable product
 * All radioative isotopes have decay chains. A comprehensive table to decay chains would list them all.  If you're asking how any radioactive isotopes came to be radioactive in the first place, that's a separate question.  :-)  Samw 04:03, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Congruence of integers is defined in Modular arithmetic. An alpha decay reduces the nucleon count by 4, and a beta decay leaves it unchanged. Hence along a decay chain all nucleon counts are "congruent to each other modulo 4". What Smack is asking is why there is no chain listed with nucleon number 237/233/229/...
 * Thanks for clarifying. There is a U237 decay chain.  See:  http://www.radiochemistry.org/periodictable/gamma_spectra/pdf/u237.pdf  However, the half-life is short and this series doesn't occur naturally.
 * What he is asking is e.g. how we know U-238 starts the series. That U-238 could itself be a product of -242 (which could be a product of -242 or -246), which could have such a short half-life that in the final mixture it cannot be detected. -- Paddu 04:38, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * There are -242 that decays into -238: Americium-242 and Plutonium-242.  Pu-242 has a long half-life in human terms, but in geological terms, there's none left naturally.  So, like the answer to the first question, these 3 are considered the start of the decay chains because these 3 have very long half-lives.Samw 18:22, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * BTW, there's already an article on Nucleosynthesis describing how all elements, including radioactive ones, come to be. Samw 21:26, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * BTW, there's already an article on Nucleosynthesis describing how all elements, including radioactive ones, come to be. Samw 21:26, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I think I understand now. A decay chain is considered important only if it contains a very long-lived nuclide, which (once produced by some process) can act as a continuous source of nuclides farther down the chain.  Since neither light-element decay chains nor the U-237 chain contain such a nuclide, they're not listed.
 * That said, it seems unnatural to name a sequence of unstable nuclides after its least unstable nuclide. Furthermore, IMHO, this whole notion of nucleon-number preservation is unscientific.  It smells like it was thought up by engineers rather than physicists.  They (we?) often give too little thought to scientific generality and consistency. --Smack (talk) 17:13, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * http://members.tripod.com/vzajic/1stchapter.html suggests you're right and that the "actinium series" name was chosen for practical reasons to avoid calling it U-235 series to distinguish it from the U-238 series. Samw 02:19, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Here's a reference that shows all 4 decay chains: http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/047180553X/ref=sib_vae_pg_179/102-8556324-8260101?%5Fencoding=UTF8&keywords=decay%20chain&p=S05J&twc=24&checkSum=0J4LnZVge9osi%2BmMweCi%2BMsMqE6XDZCnQP3F%2FiebUWE%3D#reader-page      Samw 01:17, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Neptunium series
What about the Neptunium series that describes the decay chain of the transuranic elements?--ragesoss 17:21, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

Half-life of Thorium-232
Why is the half-life of Thorium-232 written as 1.405·10^6 a, meaning 1.4 million years? Since this is dramitically less than the age of the planet, shouldn't this be more like 1.405·10^10 a (this is the number claimed in the Thorium article). Since I'm no nuclear physicist, I'd rather point this out in the discussion before I tamper with the article. Felix Dance 15:52, 14 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I've corrected. Samw 19:24, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

Merge from Radioactive decay path
It was suggested that Radioactive decay path be deleted and anything salvagable be merged here. I thought I would dump it here so It wouldn't be lost until I get around to adding it here, or you can add it here ;). The only reason I learned this was to understand how scientists date materials and why no reputable scientist believes the earth is only 6000 years old, as opposed to about 4.5 billion years. I think this is important considering the increasing attacks that pure science has come under from religious and political factions lately in America.

 * Radioactive decay paths are an integral part in dating materials. By comparing the relative abundance of various elements in a sample one can estimate its age based on the decay path and half lifes of those elements. Analysis of various Uranium containing Zircon crystals (along with other data) puts the age of the earth at aboout 4.5 billion years. Decay paths are also important in reactor experiments where the elements produced are so short lived that their existence can only be infered by the abundance and type of their decay products.
 * Radioactive decay paths are also important in less than geologic scales such as with Carbon 14 which is used in Radiocarbon dating of organic materials. (yet more testable proof that the earth is more than 6000 years old)
 * Age of the Earth 4.55 Billion (4.55×109) Years
 * Age of the Universe 13.5 Billion (1.34×1010) Years
 * Nuclear Theory : Island of Stability
 * Nuclear Theory : Shell Model

 * Tiki God 14:08, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

Diagram
I added the decay chains diagram -- what do you think? Opinions welcome. — Johan the Ghost seance 13:03, 25 November 2006 (UTC)
 * The labels are all messed up -- though it looks OK on my system... :-( So I guess I have to fix it. — Johan the Ghost seance 13:10, 25 November 2006 (UTC)
 * OK, fixed. (It seems to be really hard to make an SVG that displays the same in Inkscape and in MediaWiki... :-/ — Johan the Ghost seance 13:19, 25 November 2006 (UTC)

In the Th-series diagram there is an error in half-live of Ra-224. It should be something like 3,7 days (not years). Can anyone edit the diagram and correct the mistake? Thanks! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Danapit (talk • contribs) 09:53, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
 * This was fixed some time ago. BatesIsBack (talk) 15:08, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

I'm currently working on a comprehensive Periodic Decay Chart from n to uuo including all forms of decay that I can find, with probabilities, color coding and particle symbols after the first version is completed I will if time permits work on one that is a bit more aesthetically pleasing. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Abyssoft (talk) 17:09, 28 March 2010 (UTC)

 * ERROR NOTE: In the diagram: Decay chain(4n+1,Neptunium series).PNG,
 * look carefully, and uranium-233 is mistakenly labeled as U-223.
 * If you look very closely, you will see that it is labeled as both U-223 and U-233.
 * U-223 would be very rare to nonexistent, because if any nucleus of it did exist, it would immediately start emitting positrons and going downhill in atomic number that way.98.67.167.211 (talk) 05:29, 4 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I fixed this when making a SVG version of this. BatesIsBack (talk) 15:08, 15 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Well, this is a quibble, but 223U actually alpha decays to 219Th, then 215Ra, 211Rn, 207Po (or 211At, to 211Po or 207Bi and then stable 207Pb), 207Bi, and stable 207Pb. Double sharp (talk) 14:28, 3 September 2014 (UTC)

BatesIsBack, great diagrams! What software or script did you use? I'd love to try to make A3/A4 version of the 4 chains as one, but rather not start from scratch. Please ping me on Kalin[AT]safecast(dot)org Kalin.KOZHUHAROV (talk) 14:47, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

a vs y?
I know it's a nit, but is it now standard practice in nuclear physics to use the letter 'a' to mean 'years' instead of 'y'? Obviously 'a' comes from the Latin 'annus' ('year'), but a lot of English-speaking Wikipedia readers might not know that.

Karn 23:39, 25 November 2006 (UTC)

 * It's kind of sucky, but after much searching, there does seem to be a real basis for this use in science: see year. Maybe make the "a" a link to this?  — Johan the Ghost seance 22:14, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

The actual table lists half-lives in units of 'y's, which represent years. The description should say 'y' unless the information in the table is changed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.42.78.153 (talk) 05:44, 8 August 2012 (UTC)

 * There are 6 tables in this article, of which only the first uses "y". Again, if you want to change them all in the other five, you go, girl. You can do a find-and-replace, but there are a lot of other "a"s that really should be a's, that you have to put back by hand. Enjoy. S  B Harris 21:23, 8 August 2012 (UTC)

Cancer
The text states "Thus, radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, which is a leading cause of cancer in humans."

I'm not an expert in cancer but I think that Rn attributed lung cancer deaths are about 22,000, where all cancer deaths are about 550,000 and radiation attributed cancer is one of the lowest ranked causes. I think though that lung cancer is the leading death due to cancer, and that Rn attributed lung cancer is number 2 on the list, behind smoking.

Would it more proper to say "Thus, radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, which is a leading cause of lung cancer in humans." ?

Jon in Michigan 22:25, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I've clarified with a reference.  Next time, be bold! Samw 00:52, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Thermal Disintegration
How does thermal disintegration work? I'm describing a situation where a nucleus is heated to the point where it detonates into a cloud free neucleons. I think this occurs around 1012 Kelvin for helium. Any thoughts? Plasmic Physics (talk) 11:42, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

Total energy?
This is a really interesting article. I have some questions that I think this article should address.

First, it seems that the total decay energy and product mass should be constant across all decay paths. So, for instance,

Bi-212 -> Po-212 -> Pb-208 yields 2252 + 8955 = 11207 KeV

Bi-212 -> Tl-208 -> Pb-208 yields 6208 + 4999 = 11207 Kev

Great. However, check out these two:

Bi-210 -> Po-210 -> Pb-206 yields 1426 + 5407 = 6833

Bi-210 -> Tl-206 -> Pb-206 yields 5982 + 1533 = 7515

I presume something in the Po-210 branch is carrying off the 682 eV, like a neutrino or somesuch. This should be noted in the table.

Second question: You have listed the alpha decay of Bi-213, but not the beta decay. The unlisted beta decay is 97.91% likely, so it should be listed. I would edit the table, except I'm not sure where you sourced your data. If I look at http://ie.lbl.gov/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=830213, I see 5982.6 KeV listed for the alpha decay, instead of the 5870 listed here. I may be interpreting things differently.

Third question: I came to this article wondering about the relative radioactivity of transuranics versus fission products. After resolving hopefully minor issues like that above (by, for instance, picking the most likely chain), I think you could list a total decay energy for each element. So, for instance:

Pu-242: 57005 KeV (using http://ie.lbl.gov/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=940242)

U-238: 52021

Th-234: 47751

Pa-234: 47478

U-234: 45281

Th-230: 40422

Ra-226: 35652

Rn-222: 30781

Po-218: 25191

Pb-214: 19076

Bi-214: 18052

Po-214: 14780

Pb-210: 6897

Bi-210: 6833

Po-210: 5407

Pb-206: stable

Pu-239: 51645 KeV

U-235: 46401

Th-231: 41723

Pa-231: 41332

Ac-227: 36182

Th-227: 36135

Ra-223: 29988

Rn-219: 24009

Po-215: 17063

Pb-211: 9536

Bi-211: 8169

Tl-207: 1418

Pb-207: stable

I think it's quite interesting that the decay for U-238 is about 1/4 of the energy released by fissioning that same nucleus, and that's what I was looking for when I arrived here. Iain McClatchie (talk) 09:11, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

You could also compute the energy released by fission vs. decay via the mass deficit between the original nucleus and the products in each case. You can even read a rough estimate of the energy release ratio directly off the curve of binding energy: --JWB (talk) 14:41, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

Thorium series
The end product of Thorium series id is given as Pb-208. The final product of neptunium series is refined to Tl-205. Pb-208 is also radioactive with a half life (>2E+19 a]) which is just comparable with that of Bi-209 (1.9E+19 a). So the end product should be refined. The radioactivity bad name is given only to bismuth and not to lead-204, lead-208 or even tungsten whose all isotopes are radioactive.Anoop.m (talk) 05:53, 24 January 2010 (UTC)
 * There doesn't seem to be any sources for this information. [IAEA] and [BNL] list Pb-208 as stable. BatesIsBack (talk) 15:24, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

In the picture of the thorium series the half-life of actinium-228 seems to have the wrong unit, it should be hours, not minutes. In the table the units are correct. (http://nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se/nucleardata/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=890228) AquamarineOnion (talk) 06:05, 30 July 2012 (UTC)

Confused by a diagram caption
In the Actinium series section, a diagram is captioned: This image gives the detailed routes of actinium-237 decay.

However, the article Isotopes_of_actinium does not list actinium with a mass number greater than 236. Also, the image itself shows no such actinium-237. Was it supposed to say uranium-235? Nicknicknickandnick (talk) 07:04, 27 May 2010 (UTC)

 * There are isotopes of elements like actinium that are so rare (have such short half-lives) that they are not worth mentioning in an article about the element. In other words, the article on isotopes of actinium justifiably focuses in the more-common isotopes and omits the rare ones. For example uranium-239 exists, BUT whenever any is produced (usually in a nuclear reactor, or by a collision with a stray neutron), U-239 nearly-immediately emits a beta particle and becomes neptunium-239. Likewise, whenever U-235 absorbs a neutron, it becomes U-236 for about a nanosecond, but that U-236 nucleus breaks "in half" in the process or nuclear fission. Nearly anytime you see a listing for an isotope like Ac-236, then one higher (Ac-237) or one lower (Ac-235) usually exists, but it would be extremely rare. 05:22, 4 June 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.67.167.211 (talk)

OK, but still why is the diagram captioned with regard to actinium-237 which is nowhere to be seen on the diagram or article? Nicknicknickandnick (talk) 08:01, 11 June 2010 (UTC)

Diagram missing an arrow
The diagram in the Radium series (also known as Uranium series) section is missing an arrow connecting up from the Po to the At. Nicknicknickandnick (talk) 07:10, 27 May 2010 (UTC)
 * This has been fixed in the SVG version of the image. BatesIsBack (talk) 15:24, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

Diagram containing mass number error
The diagram in the Neptunium series section has an isotope labelled on the exterior as Actinium 233 but should instead be labelled Actinium 225. Nicknicknickandnick (talk) 08:07, 11 June 2010 (UTC)
 * This has been fixed in the SVG version of the image. BatesIsBack (talk) 15:24, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

Page histories for substituted templates
The templates and  were substituted into this article and subsequently deleted. The page histories of those templates are provided below to ensure proper attribution of this material.

History for Template:Neptunium series prior to its substitution:
 * 19:00, August 26, 2008 Samw (talk | contribs | block) (4,383 bytes) (→Neptunium series) (undo)
 * 07:25, August 21, 2008 LarryMorseDCOhio (talk | contribs | block) m (4,383 bytes) (→Neptunium series) (undo)
 * 07:20, August 21, 2008 LarryMorseDCOhio (talk | contribs | block) m (4,291 bytes) (→Neptunium series) (undo)
 * 07:11, August 21, 2008 LarryMorseDCOhio (talk | contribs | block) (4,287 bytes) (→Neptunium series: List of elements added) (undo)
 * 05:50, August 21, 2008 LarryMorseDCOhio (talk | contribs | block) m (3,800 bytes) (→Neptunium series) (undo)
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Radium series
I think the half life of Protactinium-233 is the same of Protactinium-234 in the two diagrams. The one for  Protactinium-234 is wrong.--Stone (talk) 10:34, 25 December 2010 (UTC)

"This diagram illustrates the four decay chains"?
The caption on the first diagram in the article states "This diagram illustrates the four decay chains". Using "the" implies that there are only four decay chains. I find this hard to believe, and the article also states otherwise ("There are many shorter chains...").

So, are these the four "main" decay chains? The four "longest" chains? The four "most common"? (Someone with expertise should put the proper modifier in the caption, and add a corresponding sentence or two to the article.) -- Dan Griscom (talk) 12:08, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

 * The four important chains discussed in the section text. Clarified caption to indicate that. Vsmith (talk) 14:19, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

 * These would be THE four chains that reduce all isotopes heavier than lead to stability.

 * These are the four possible transuranic decay chains. Not that all their members are transuranic, but all transuranics fall into one of these four chains. SkoreKeep (talk) 04:25, 17 February 2014 (UTC)

U238 decay chain
WRONG HALF LIFE The half life of Pa234 is 6.7 h and NOT 27 d as indicated on the corresponding graph  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.49.98.185 (talk) 07:18, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

Gadolinium-152 decay chain
In natural also have a decay chain begins with Gadolinium-152 which undergone triple alpha decay to form stable nuclide Cerium-140 (this nuclide contains 58 protons (semi-magic number) and 82 neutrons (magic number) thus exceptionally stable and can't decay further exempt for spontaneous fission). Atomic mass He-4 4.002602u, Gd-152 151.919791u, Sm-148 147.914823u, Nd-144 143.910087u, Ce-140 139.905439u Gd-152 => Sm-148 released 2.2MeV Sm-148 => Nd-144 released 1.97MeV Nd-144 => Ce-140 released 1.91MeVCristiano Toàn (talk) 09:06, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, but the problem is that 152Gd, 148Sm, and 144Nd all have half-lives longer than the age of the universe, so every step is a bottleneck in the decay chain and so it happens really slowly. It's not as though the intermediate products would not exist but for a long-lived rate-limiting isotope higher in the chain, which is what happens with the chains from 232Th, 235U, and 238U. Double sharp (talk) 14:32, 3 September 2014 (UTC)

Gender specific nomenclature, institutionalized sexism
Why is the decay product called 'daughter' instead of the gender neutral 'child'? surely atoms do not have a social gender or a vagina. 71.82.220.226 (talk) 17:31, 4 October 2013 (UTC)

 * if this is due to the decay product potentially decaying and giving birth to another 'child' then is the final stable isotope called a son(one who does not directly give birth)? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.82.220.226 (talk) 17:35, 4 October 2013 (UTC)

 * There is not a final stable isotope beyond Nickel-62 and Iron-56 (which is considered nuclear 'ash' not 'son'). I feel the term 'daughter' adds respect and acknowledgement to the feminine. Atoms do not have vaginas, but they do spawn new, typically more stable, generations. I think identity politics should be kept out of the natural sciences. The atom isn't asking to be called anything in our language. 2001:569:BE91:F500:E978:E8DE:434E:19D8 (talk) 20:18, 25 February 2021 (UTC)

I honestly never thought about this! (But if you feel that the term is sexist, you can use "decay product", which is probably fine.) As for your final question, in general after granddaughters this terminology stops actually getting used, and the final product seems to be mostly called just that: "final (decay) product". Your rationale is probably the reason, though. (These final products are theoretically predicted to decay anyway, even though the decay hasn't been seen yet, so I suppose "son" would be overly restrictive here. ) Double sharp (talk) 04:34, 5 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Tradition. Like ships. SkoreKeep (talk) 04:22, 17 February 2014 (UTC)

Percentage of remaining decaying isotope
If the half-life of an isotope is 100 million years, then the amount left after 4.5 billion years is 2^-45 of the original amount, or 2.8e-14. That's 0.000000000000028 of the original, or 0.0000000000028%. SkoreKeep (talk) 00:09, 21 February 2014 (UTC)

Meaning of "more tolerant of a high n/p ratio"
I am repeatedly reverting an edit by User:SkoreKeep. Here is the rationale.

Along a family of isobars, there is generally an optimal n/p ratio that yields the lowest energy and thus the higher stability. The nuclide energy tends to increase as we move further from this optimum. Since alpha decay products tend to be born with a higher than optimum n/p ratio, some of them beta-decay into nuclides of lower n/p ratio and hence lower energy. This is the point of the beta-decay: to decrease energy by lowering the n/p ratio. It's not about "being more tolerant" to a high n/p ratio.

I tried to make sense of the sentence anyway. What would it mean to say "nuclide A is more tolerant of a high n/p ratio than nuclide B"? If nuclide A has an n/p ratio that is higher or equal than that of nuclide B, and yet A is more stable than B, then A is indeed more tolerant of a high n/p ratio. However, is the more stable of these nuclides has a lower n/p ratio, then it makes no sense to say it is more tolerant of a high n/p ratio. — Edgar.bonet (talk) 09:43, 26 February 2014 (UTC)

 * OK, I'll take a look at it again tomorrow, and see what I've done wrong, and try to get it correct, and a little less loosely worded.

 * What exactly does it mean to have "repeatedly reverted" my edit? As far as I can see, it makes sense to revert it if it is egregiously wrong (which it sounds like it may be), but you didn't revert at all, just changed the wording. SkoreKeep (talk) 11:15, 26 February 2014 (UTC)

I mean I changed the wording twice, both times in more or less the same way ("more tolerant of a high n/p ratio" → "with a lower n/p ratio"). I cannot say it's egregiously wrong: for me it's more like a confusing wording I cannot make proper sense of. — Edgar.bonet (talk) 08:44, 28 February 2014 (UTC)

Original research?
This article lacks any inline citations and reads like original work. 173.243.179.223 (talk) 14:34, 25 February 2017 (UTC)
 * (Moved from the top of the talk page.) I agree that the lack of citations is a problem, but it is most definitely not original research: all of these decay chains were known from the early history of the discovery of radioactivity, even if of course some of the isotopes in them remained to be discovered later (for example, the isotope with 227Ac as its daughter was looked for by many until it was finally found by Hahn and Meitner in 1918). It is very easy to find sources listing these decay chains online simply by searching those names; they are all mentioned in Greenwood and Earnshaw (chapter 31 is on the actinides and includes these). Double sharp (talk) 15:49, 25 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Agree. This data was known before some of the decaying elements were officially discovered and named themselves. SkoreKeep (talk) 21:43, 15 June 2017 (UTC)

Yet more diagrams
I have a set of paper diagrams with the mass number as the y axis and the atomic number as the x axis. These seem very clear, even if not as pretty as the ones we have.

I was wondering if it would be possible to put all four series on the same diagram using different colours for them.

All the best: Rich Farmbrough, 19:46, 15 June 2017 (UTC).

 * I don't know what is the meaning of the different colors in the four decay chains, or why the uranium chain has hexagons rather than spheres. I suppose that we'd have to see what your combined diagram looks like. Would it be possible for a person to print out the combined diagram and then cut them apart, if that is their preference. Easier than printing four diagrams and pasting them together? TomS TDotO (talk) 20:33, 15 June 2017 (UTC)

 * It's apparent that the diagrams were done by at least two different people. The color codes seem to be indicating classes of elements (halogens, etc) but they aren't consistent. By all means bring in a different set of diagrams; if you need help I'm sure there are artistic resources to make correct diagrams as pretty as anyone could desire them.  As for combining them, I'd personally rather see each diagram matched with its text as it is now; I don't see a point in being parsimonious with page space, since there seems to be a lot available.  Also the vertical arrangement of the existing charts works with that.  Not being a chemist I'm not into the color scheme being used; there has to be a better use of the information space, I think. My 2 cents.  SkoreKeep (talk) 21:39, 15 June 2017 (UTC)

This is the sort of thing I had in mind except with transposed axis: of course someone has already thought of it. I was also considering line thickness as 1/(log1000 half-life). All the best: Rich Farmbrough, 12:03, 19 June 2017 (UTC).

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Radium/Uranium chain
Alone of the four tables the Radium table is called by a macro "uranium/radium chain" and woe is me, I don't know how (more likely where) to edit such a thing. Perhaps all I need is a spot of assistance here? Is there any need to have broken out the table into a separate file for just this one? I'm just an engineer; I don't know any better.

The reason it needs editing (as far as I would like) is that it is inconsistent with the other tables. Instead of grouping together different decay modes of a single parent in a single table row, it has separated them out into separate table rows. Yeah, I know, consistency is the hobgoblin..., but is there some reason it should be that way? I also notice that at least one low-probability chain is just dropped: the Pa-234 result of decay from Pa-234m. My presumption is that if you mention it, then it's best to follow through.

One last change I'd make is getting rid of the Subtotal MeV column. The total is mentioned in the text, and adding it up as we go seems oddly unuseful. I'd also combine the decay mode and probability in a single column - consistency again. The table is a lot wider than the others because of these. SkoreKeep (talk) 23:48, 29 June 2019 (UTC)

 * The table is at – I suspect because our article on uranium-238 uses it too. BTW, 234Pa (UZ) is there, but it immediately beta decays to 234U and rejoins the main chain. I agree with what you say; and I also think that if we want consistency, we should also start the chain off with 250Cf, 246Cm, and 242Pu, since we start the other chains off with 249Cf, 251Cf, and 252Cf. Double sharp (talk) 03:09, 30 June 2019 (UTC)

 * After considering it a bit, I've decided to create a new table in the decay chain article so that the source code matches with that of the other three tables, as well as adjusting the columns and rows as I discussed. It appears that each of the tables (or at least three of them) were once bound as the radium series table is now, but were eventually made distinct. Oh, and thanks for the information, Double sharp, I learn something new every day.   SkoreKeep (talk) 06:12, 30 June 2019 (UTC)

 * Did it. Please cross-check for any errors.  Will look up values for additional rows at top of table tomorrow. SkoreKeep (talk) 08:11, 30 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I added three more rows at the top for 250Cf, 246Cm, and 242Pu, with data from Theodore Gray's website. Double sharp (talk) 15:51, 30 June 2019 (UTC)

gamma?
I'm no expert, is there a reason why gamma emissions aren't mentioned anywhere? Is there any material on how much gamma radiation is emitted at any given decay step in a chain? 190.100.175.35 (talk) 07:34, 4 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Gamma emissions are not mentioned anywhere because they do not result in the conversion of one nuclide to a different nuclide, only the release of excitation energy. This contrasts with alpha and beta decay, which respectively convert (Z, N) into (Z − 2, N − 2) or (Z + 1, N − 1). As such, there is no change to reflect in the table. ComplexRational (talk) 15:43, 4 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes, I understand that, but why is that a valid reason not to include them? It would seem to me gamma emissions are a large part of the reaction and can have serious consequences, why is that not enough for their inclusion? 190.100.175.35 (talk) 16:05, 4 August 2020 (UTC)
 * If this has been discussed and sufficiently answered before I would gladly be pointed to said discussion. No desire to beat a dead horse. But I would like to know if there's a way for me to find out how much gamma, if any, is emitted at each step. 190.100.175.35 (talk) 16:10, 4 August 2020 (UTC)

"safe" decay chains
This is related to the last question. Its just curiosity, but isn't something I can answer from the article.

Suppose you were to create a museum of the elements, with a sample of each (practical) element in a display case, and were able to synthesize kg quantities of any long-lived isotope you liked. Alpha decay would be acceptable because the glass of t:{he case would be enough to block the radiation. Which radioactive elements would be safe to display to the public, assuming we ventilated to eliminate radon?

For example, Tc-97 and Tc-98 both have 4My half-lives and decay to stable isotopes, so there are no radioactive products to worry about. But one decays by beta or gamma-emission, both of which would irradiate the audience, and the other by electron-capture, which also produces gamma rays. Unless the amount of radiation from a kg chunk of Tc was not much about background, Tc would not be a safe element to display.

Pu-238 famously can power a spacecraft, but a piece of paper will block its radiation. It would be really cool to have a red-hot kg of Pu-238 in a display case, where people could feel the heat radiating through the glass (and heating the glass). But what of gamma radiation from its decay products? What dosage would we be looking at, and how much would that increase after leaving it on display for a decade or two? Pu-244 wouldn't be as spectacular, but would presumably be safer. Would it be possible to have a kg of the most stable isotope of thorium, uranium or plutonium on display in a glass case, since they all alpha-decay? Would any others be possible? — kwami (talk) 09:31, 15 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Interesting question. The difficulty for most of the more radioactive elements is really self-heating from the radioactive decay: already a gram of pure radium is problematic. So I think you might not be able to get that many radioactive elements displayed in significant quantities even if we didn't consider the safety. Double sharp (talk) 10:06, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

I wasn't sure radium would be possible. Thought I'd see if the more stable isotopes would be possible first.

Yes, the Pu-238 fuel pellets in spacecraft are the oxide, but Pu-244 has a much much longer half life than radium. But even if pure metal Pu-244 reached its melting point of 640C, there's no reason the kg on display couldn't be liquid.

Pu-242 only generates 0.1 W/kg, and 244 should be less, but our article doesn't include it in the table, so perhaps it's too difficult to synthesize. — kwami (talk) 10:25, 15 September 2020 (UTC)
 * That's right, Pu-244 is hard to synthesise because Pu-243 has a too short half-life, so you cannot get to it by slow neutron captures. It can be made via nuclear explosion, or by going up to Cm-248 by slow neutron capture and waiting for the alpha decay, but doing it the latter way means lower yield. My worry was not just about liquefying the sample, but also where it's contained (because that's surely going to heat up).
 * Most stable isotope half-lives go basically Bi (1E19 y) >> Th, U (1E10 y) > Pu (1E8 y) > Cm, Tc (1E7 y) > Np (1E6 y) > Pa (1E5 y) > Am (1E4 y) > Ra, Bk, Cf (1E3 y) > Po (1E2 y) > Ac, Pm (1E1 y) > Es, Fm (1E0 y), rounding to the nearest power of ten logarithmically, FWIW. If Pu-242 is OK, then it seems to me that heating concerns should allow everything up to Np on that list. The worry would then be from gamma, but I suppose you could display it with leaded glass. But I am certainly no expert on radioactive safety, just an interested amateur who has never even seen uranium in person. XD Double sharp (talk) 11:16, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

Leaded glass wouldn't be enough, would it? The electrons would hit the glass and I would think the gamma rays from their deceleration would go right through. If leaded glass is enough, then I would think most long-halflife isotopes would be displayable. — kwami (talk) 11:37, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

 * Any mass attenuates gamma rays. Dry air will attenuate them at the rate of 1/2 their intensity for 200 meters (600 feet), or by a factor of about 256 per kilometer, about 1000 per mile.  That is why people could watch an atomic test at six miles range with no radiation effects.  So for leaded glass (or unleaded glass or water or anything else), it's just a question of getting enough in place between you and the source to reduce the gamma rays to acceptable levels.  The worst possible source of radiation, fresh spent fuel rods, can be stored in a water pool with 2 meters of water between the rods and people working in a shirt-sleave environment.

 * Gamma rays do not decelerate - they are a form of EM radiation, like light, and travel at the speed of light in the medium they are in always. SkoreKeep (talk) 16:50, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

I meant gamma radiation from when the electrons decelerate. (Or from traveling faster than the speed of light in their medium.) That's why something that will absorb electrons may not be enough shielding for beta radiation.

Is the factor of 256 per km in addition to the square-distance attenuation of an omnidirectional source?

Still, I'm curious about how much shielding would be needed for the various long-lived isotopes. — kwami (talk) 23:59, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

 * No, the inverse-square effect is not part of the shielding effect; it is in addition to it. The factor of 256 per km does not include it. I don't know what bremmstrahling will add to the gamma radiation from decay, but it will still have to pass through the glass and likewise be attenuated. SkoreKeep (talk) 14:15, 16 September 2020 (UTC)

So I guess my question is, where do I go to find out how much glass (or what kind of glass) is required to shield a strong beta emitter, so it can be safely observed? — kwami (talk) 23:10, 17 September 2020 (UTC)

Error in data
210-Po is written as decaying via alpha decay into 206-Tl instead of 206-Pb, but this would require an alpha particle of 3 protons, would it not! I wonder if there are other such errors in the data. --RProgrammer (talk) 23:52, 23 October 2020 (UTC)
 * You're right, it's an error. Corrected; thank you! Double sharp (talk) 23:54, 23 October 2020 (UTC)

Would "nuclide" be more appropriate than "isotope" in this article?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide says, "Since isotope is the older term, it is better known than nuclide, and is still occasionally used in contexts in which nuclide might be more appropriate, such as nuclear technology and nuclear medicine." and "Although the words nuclide and isotope are often used interchangeably, being isotopes is actually only one relation between nuclides. The following table names some other relations." and "A set of nuclides with equal proton number (atomic number), i.e., of the same chemical element but different neutron numbers, are called isotopes of the element. Particular nuclides are still often loosely called "isotopes", but the term "nuclide" is the correct one in general (i.e., when Z is not fixed). In similar manner, a set of nuclides with equal mass number A, but different atomic number, are called isobars (isobar = equal in weight), and isotones are nuclides of equal neutron number but different proton numbers. Likewise, nuclides with the same neutron excess (N − Z) are called isodiaphers. The name isotone was derived from the name isotope to emphasize that in the first group of nuclides it is the number of neutrons (n) that is constant, whereas in the second the number of protons (p)." Polar Apposite (talk) 16:54, 14 July 2023 (UTC)

Dottedness of arrows too hard to see in the actinium series diagram.
It's very hard to see that the arrows indicating alpha decay of francium-223, beta decay of polonium-215, and beta decay of bismuth-211 are not solid but dotted, in the diagram of the actinium series. This seems to be because the arrows in the diagram are rather narrow, unlike those in the diagram of the uranium series, which are wide, and thus allow the dotted lines to be easily distinguished from the solid ones. It is also hard to see that there are two kinds of dotting, big and small, or, if you prefer, dotted and dashed. So I think it would be great if someone who knows how to edit the actinium series diagram would thicken the arrows. Polar Apposite (talk) 14:48, 20 July 2023 (UTC)

Need for both dotted and dashed arrows.
I don't see why there are two both dotted and dashed arrows in the actinium series diagram. It seems to me that the dashed arrow could be replaced with a dotted one. Also, the dashed arrow representing the beta decay of bismuth-211 is very unclear, and looks like it could me a misprint. Polar Apposite (talk) 18:48, 20 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Decay chain


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need to discuss insincerity
The Johnson administration maintained 15,000 nuclear warheads in the US arsenal - the falsehood of this political ad is apparent. I have read political science tracts on this, but don't have the references off the top of my head. 50.111.29.1 (talk) 05:58, 7 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Please read Verifiability, not truth, and supply references from reliable sources to back up any assertion. Thanks a lot for approaching the talk page! – Kavyansh.Singh (talk) 10:39, 7 September 2022 (UTC)
 * You obviously did not read my post. 50.111.29.1 (talk) 22:49, 7 September 2022 (UTC)

Nearly direct quote of an Auden poem
The last lines of the advertisement quoted in the initial section appears to be a restatement of lines from the poem "September 1st, 1939", which contains the line: "We must love one another, or die."

Written as the poem was in the shadow of WW2, it seems unlikely to be a coincidence. Might be worth linking or mentioning on the phrase. I would, but article is locked. 142.154.162.62 (talk) 20:16, 7 September 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 7 September 2022
Please remove

Following the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson

and add

Following the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson

Since the context is his assumption of office, it would help to specify why he (and not someone else) replaced Kennedy. 120.21.4.98 (talk) 22:33, 7 September 2022 (UTC)

 * ✅; did both of the requested changes in the same edit. Mignof (talk • contribs) 23:56, 8 September 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 7 September 2022 (2)
Please remove this:

As of the 2020 presidential election, Johnson has gained the highest share of the popular vote in a presidential election since it first became widespread in the 1824 election. The "Daisy" ad is considered one of the most important factors in Johnson's landslide victory over Goldwater.

and add this:

As of the 2020 presidential election, Johnson has gained the highest share of the popular vote in a presidential election since it first became widespread in the 1824 election, and the "Daisy" ad is considered one of the most important factors in his victory.

The removed text is simply redundant, since "landslide victory" is referenced two sentences earlier, and by this point in the article, everyone knows that Goldwater was his opponent. 120.21.4.98 (talk) 22:38, 7 September 2022 (UTC)

 * ✅; did both of the requested changes in the same edit. Mignof (talk • contribs) 23:56, 8 September 2022 (UTC)

Featured picture scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that File:Daisy (1964).webm, a featured picture used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for January 23, 2023. A preview of the POTD is displayed below and can be edited at Template:POTD/2023-01-23. For the greater benefit of readers, any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be done before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! — Amakuru (talk) 22:39, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

Serious factual error
This article says that the Daisy Campaign had a major influence on the outcome of the election. However, the source it cites does not say that, and there are other sources that contradict it. While the cited source's title is '“Daisy”: The Most Effective Political Commercial Ever?' nowhere does it say that it impacted the election result. Rather, it seems to be talking about how much of an impact it made on future political ads. Furthermore, the claim that it was decisive is at least somewhat contradicted by sources like this one: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2014/09/07/daisy-girl-political-ad-still-haunting-50-years-later/15246667/ Himajin5 (talk) 01:47, 10 May 2023 (UTC)

 * And here's another source that contradicts the assertion even more strongly: https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2011/11/26/point-person-our-qa-with-author-robert-mann-on-lbj-daisy-girl-ads-impact/
 * "Did this ad really work? Goldwater was far behind and he lost by a huge margin.
 * Legend is that the spot destroyed Goldwater’s candidacy, but I don’t believe it did. Anyone who suggests that the spot destroyed Goldwater would have to prove he was ever in the campaign with a chance to win. He wasn’t. From beginning to end, his poll numbers were always hovering around the mid-20s to low 30s.
 * That said, it’s interesting that after a monthlong barrage of [other] Johnson ads portraying Goldwater as a dangerous man who might blow up the world, Goldwater’s numbers in the Gallup polls actually edged up 3 points and Johnson’s numbers dropped by 4.
 * But polls did show the ad and other spots raised fears that a nuclear war was more likely under a President Goldwater. Fears dramatically increased that he was likely to get the United States into a war." Himajin5 (talk) 01:54, 10 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daisy (advertisement)