text:
Eliane Karp

Eliane Chantal Karp Fernenbug de Toledo (born 24 September 1953) is a Peruvian anthropologist. She was the First Lady of Peru from 2001 to 2006, as the wife of the erstwhile Peruvian president Alejandro Toledo. She specializes in the study of Andean indigenous cultures.

Early life and education
Karp was born in Paris, France, to a family of Ashkenazi Jews (maternally Belgian-Jewish and paternally Polish-Jewish). During World War II, her father Charles Karp was persecuted by the Gestapo and later joined the French Resistance.

She completed her baccalaureate at the Lycée Français in Brussels, Belgium, and later earned a BA in anthropology in Israel, studying at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem with a specialization in Latin American studies. She also holds a Master of Arts in anthropology from Stanford University. Karp also completed a PhD in anthropology at Stanford University in the United States.

Karp has taken courses on indigenous communities at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and has done graduate work on anthropology and economic development at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.

Marriage and children
At Stanford, she met Alejandro Toledo, whom she married in 1972. Karp first came to Peru in the late 1970s to study its indigenous communities. In 1992 Karp and Toledo divorced and she returned to Israel with their daughter. The couple remarried and returned to Peru before her husband's 1995 campaign.

Political career
In 1980, she began working for international organizations such as OAS, UNICEF and UNDP where she conducted impact measurement studies for development projects on indigenous populations.

In 1982 she served at the Agency for International Development (USAID) based in Lima, where she was a consultant until 1987.

Since November 1987 she started working at the World Bank in Washington D.C. as a project officer for Latin America and Africa until 1992.

Karp also served as an officer for Middle East in European Investment Bank. Karp returned to Israel, and worked at Bank Leumi, where she was in charge of developing relationships with foreign banks.

Academic career
Karp recently served as an adjunct professor at the Elliott School of International Affairs at the George Washington University. She is also a former Visiting Professor and Visiting Scholar at Stanford University department of Anthropology.

Karp was a distinguished fellow in residence at Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University and has also been a visiting professor at Salamanca University - Instituto de Iberoamérica.

Tenure as First Lady of Peru
During her husband's 2001 presidential bid, Karp contributed to a campaign which drew deeply on Toledo's indigenous heritage. She donned traditional Andean costume, rallied voters in Quechua, and demonstrated the couple's commitment to indigenous issues. According to The New York Times, "her flaming red hair and fiery speeches made her a popular and controversial fixture at campaign rallies."

In 2001, Karp became the first lady of the Republic of Peru when Toledo was elected president, a position she held until 2006. While in office, Karp became the honorary president of the Fund for the Development of Indigenous Communities of Latin America and the Caribbean.

CONAPA
Shortly after Toledo's inauguration, his administration created the National Commission on Andean, Amazon and Afro-Peruvian Communities (CONAPA) of Peru, of which Karp served as president. The agency was meant to establish a development agenda for indigenous communities, provide representation of indigenous interests within the government, and lead the way to constitutional reforms that benefit indigenous peoples.

Others lamented the commission's ineffectiveness. Noting its lack of funding and of implementing powers, Diana Vindling called it "no more than a space for dialogue." On the other hand, Oxfam's Martin Scurrah points out that the agency did good work. Noting that in addition to promoting a chapter on indigenous rights in the new constitution, Eliane Karp "intervened on numerous occasions in support of or in defense of indigenous initiatives."

Some critics viewed the very creation of the commission as a step backwards for indigenous Peruvians, noting its leadership by a person with no official government position rather than a ministry head. The commission also absorbed the former SETAI (office of indigenous affairs), which reportedly led to a loss of autonomy and dynamism for that agency. Others complained that Karp's leadership of the commission represented a conflict of interest, given her involvement in her own private NGO, Fundación Pacha.

In 2003, partly in response to these criticisms, Karp resigned from CONAPA, which was subsequently restructured as a national institute rather than a commission.

Machu Picchu Artifacts
Throughout Toledo's presidency, Karp participated in negotiations with Yale University for the return to Peru of over 350 indigenous artifacts. The museum pieces were excavated from Machu Picchu around 1915 and sent to Yale on a twelve-month loan. On this matter, Peru had the support of the National Geographic Society and Senator Christopher Dodd of Connecticut. Negotiations stalled when the university refused to acknowledge Peru as the sole owner of the artifacts, but resumed under the García presidency.

In a New York Times op-ed, Karp accused Yale of waiting out "Peru’s first elected indigenous president, until Peru had a new leader who is frankly hostile to indigenous matters." She also criticized the agreement between Peru and Yale that was finally arrived at in 2008. Under the terms of this agreement, Peru would have to build a museum and research center near Machu Picchu to Yale's specifications before it could receive a portion of the articles for display and study. Most of the artifacts would remain with Yale.

Pacha Foundation for a Change
In 2001, Karp started Fundación Pacha, a non-profit organization that oversees development projects for indigenous Peruvians. The foundation "places special emphasis on the design of sustainable development projects based on traditional and communal organizations and the development of productive skills to promote the comparative economic advantages of the Peruvian biodiversity and its rich potential for ecotourism."

Karp remained the head of the organization until 2006. Pacha's micro projects have included giving Amazonian peoples vaccinations against yellow fever, hepatitis B and malaria, building basic community institutions, and providing equipment for basic medical care centers in rural areas with indigenous populations.

In 2002 Karp reached out to billionaire philanthropist Bill Gates in order to fund a vaccination program for the Candoshi tribes people. Gates was unwilling to help, and instead began humanitarian aid efforts in Africa and China. Since then Karp has criticized Gates for his unwillingness to help and acknowledges she felt it unfair to ignore Peru when conditions in rural Peru are just as dire as in other impoverished areas.

Indigenous and women's rights
Karp has shown support in favor of a push for more women in the Peruvian congress, and she acknowledges quotas as a means of achieving this.

In March 2012 Karp returned to Peru to pursue a teaching position at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, and in the fall she returned to teach anthropology in the Andean studies postgraduate program. She has also announced she will undertake a book which examines the role of indigenous populations as they integrate into the democratic political process.

In May 2012 Karp participated in a human rights conference organized by the Program on Human Rights and the Center for Latin American Studies of Stanford University, in which she called for a debate about the rights of indigenous peoples in Peru. Karp expressed "We propose that social inclusion and equal citizenship are key factors for good governance... The indigenous worldview has to be respected and integrated in public policies."

In October 2012 Karp recounted her meeting with Aung San Suu Kyi, saying that it was inspiring and that she was impressed that Suu Kyi was able to stay so calm while being imprisoned for 15 years. Karp likened the situation to when she met the Dalai Lama, who is living in exile, and urged support for a petition going through the United Nations to help combat human rights violations.

Self-exile in Israel
On 12 May 2023, after her husband was extradited to Peru from the United States, Karp fled to Israel from the U.S. using her Israeli passport to avoid arrest on money laundering charges from the Peruvian justice. Peru does not have an extradition treaty with Israel.

On 18 May 2023, Peru's Prosecution Office opened an extradition request to Israel, with a deputy assistant to the prosecution saying that even though Israel and Peru do not have an extradition agreement, Karp's extradition "is not impossible", and that new paths for the proceeding to take place will be considered.

Published works

 * Karp de Toledo, Eliane. Los pueblos indígenas en la agenda democrática: Estudios de caso de Bolivia, Ecuador, México y Perú. Corporación Andina de Fomento, 2006.
 * Karp de Toledo, Eliane: Allin Kausaynapaq, Interculturalidad y participación: Para vivir mejor con nosotros mismos. Office of the First Lady of the Nation. Lima, May 22, 2006.
 * Karp de Toledo, Eliane: La Diversidad Cultural y los ciudadanos del Sol y La Luna – Propuestas para la inclusión social y el desarrollo con identidad de los pueblos originarios del Perú. Office of the First Lady of the Nation. Lima, November 30, 2004.
 * Karp de Toledo, Eliane; Lema Tucker, Linda (eds.): El Tema Indígena en Debate. Aportes para la Reforma Constitucional. Presented in the Congress of the Republic of Peru. Office of the First Lady of the Nation. Lima, April 2003.
 * Karp de Toledo, Eliane: Hacia una nueva Nación, Kay Pachamanta. Office of the First Lady of the Nation. Lima, July 2002. Second Edition, October 2002. Third Edition, June 2003.

title: Eliane Karp


text:
Uplawmoor

Uplawmoor is a village in East Renfrewshire, Scotland. Its population was 700 as of 2016.

Historic Uplawmoor, associated for centuries with the Barony of Caldwell and the Mure family, is still a vibrant community today, although bereft of the shops once to be found there. It has a primary school, hotel (Uplawmoor Hotel), village hall (Mure Hall), sports ground for tennis and football (including a playpark) and a golf club (Caldwell Golf Club). Nearby is the extensive Caldwell Estate with the roofless 18th century Caldwell House, which was designed by Robert Adam. The separate Caldwell Tower, of probable 16th century origin, is visible from the village. Several farms surround the village, as agriculture has always been of importance locally.

Historically the village was served by two railway lines - Lanarkshire and Ayrshire and Glasgow, Barrhead and Kilmarnock Joint Railway

Uplawmoor has a rural setting, with farmland on one side and mainly beech woodland (Pollick Glen and Shillford Woods, with numerous paths) on the other. Below lies the valley where are the A736 and Loch Libo, a Scottish Wildlife Trust Site Of Special Scientific Interest, the winter home of flocks of whooper swans. At the end of the loch is an area of large tussock sedges and on the far side is a striking waterfall among more woodland. The old hamlet of Shillford lies towards Neilston on the A736.

Transport

Caldwell station opened on 27 March 1871. The station was renamed Uplawmoor after the closure of the Uplawmoor station on the Lanarkshire and Ayrshire Railway on 2 April 1962. The station closed permanently on 7 November 1966. A number of local campaigns to re-open the station have so far been unsuccessful. It has now become overgrown and only a platform remains to show that Uplawmoor actually had a railway line.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Uplawmoor


text:
WED Enterprises

WED Enterprises may refer to:

 * Walt Disney Imagineering, a design and architectural group sold by Retlaw Enterprises to Walt Disney Productions
 * Retlaw Enterprises, a holding company originally called Walt Disney Inc. and renamed WED Enterprises, which transferred the latter name with its sale of the design and architectural group

title: WED Enterprises


text:
Talk:Walt Disney Imagineering

Origin of term
I just came across a blog entry that claims to have found an earlier use of the term than is cited in this article.

http://paleo-future.blogspot.com/2007/05/word-origins-imagineering-1947.html

I'm no expert (nor enthusiast :), so I'll let you guys figure this one out.

Everdred 13:40, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Updating an old topic: I've edited the Imagineering article to reflect that Alcoa coined the term in 1940; that should likely be noted in this article as well. A search of Google Books reveals numerous publications throughout the 1940s proclaiming its coinage by Alcoa, which is likely how Disney came to use it. --HidariMigi (talk) 20:16, 10 March 2010 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:HKDL tomorrowland concept.jpg
Image:HKDL tomorrowland concept.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 06:34, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Current imagineering projects
Can we define exactly what qualifies a Disney project as a imagineering project. Tiggerjay (talk) 21:44, 6 September 2009 (UTC)

Copyright should be trademark?
The article states "Disney filed for a copyright for the term in 1967, claiming first use of the term in 1962." But single words generally cannot be copyrighted - I assume that this was intended to refer to a trademark. I found a trademark record for "imagineering", and it does state that it was first used in 1962, but it says it was filed in 1989:

http://tmsearch.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&state=4804:5ughq7.7.1

This might not be the right record, or it might have been registered with a state organization or something, I don't know. In any case it's currently unsupported. Dcoetzee 13:38, 19 August 2014 (UTC)

It's been over 4 years since Dcoetzee posted the above and added the dubious tag. I removed the tag and changed the article to match the cited source. Schlemazl (talk) 02:22, 17 December 2018 (UTC)

Unnecessary "Management" Section
Why is this here? Other companies pages listed on wikipedia do not have an ongoing updating list of the company's current employees. After checking both Apple, Inc. and Google, I understand that wikipedia has a "Key People" section as part of the {infobox} for notable employees that have their own pages (such as the CEO but not in the case of Imagineering). And that's it. Company employees are listing each other's names for no apparent reason. If no one finds any objection, I plan to remove the entire management section and update the {infobox} with "Key People" to include only John Lasseter as the Principle Creative Advisor. While other high positions would be relevant, since the individuals do not have their own pages, they have no reason to be included.

Mechoise (talk) 18:21, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

I agree. I have removed this section. I will consider creating a page for these people. But it's definitely not needed here. This article is not meant to be a list of credits! Hiya111 11:36, 23 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Fully concur with the removal of that section. It was not in compliance with Wikipedia policy or the Manual of Style. Thanks for taking care of that. --Coolcaesar (talk) 23:31, 23 March 2019 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified 2 external links on Walt Disney Imagineering. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150430155014/http://www.olc.co.jp/en/news/olcgroup/20150428_04e.pdf to http://www.olc.co.jp/en/news/olcgroup/20150428_04e.pdf
 * Added tag to http://m.ocregister.com/articles/disney-700099-company-walt.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110822175056/http://www.blooloop.com/Article/Art-Technology-Bill-Novey-and-the-Business-of-Theme-Park-Special-Effects/190 to http://www.blooloop.com/Article/Art-Technology-Bill-Novey-and-the-Business-of-Theme-Park-Special-Effects/190

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A rather odd edit on 11 April 2019 by User:Spshu about the company's common name
I'm referring to this one. I've attended D23 Expo twice, was a member of the D23 fan club for two years, and still follow Disney news coverage quite closely. As far as I can tell, Disney current and former employees are quite consistent in referring to Walt Disney Imagineering, Imagineering, or WDI. I rarely see them refer to Disney Imagineering. Any objections before I fix this error which is still in the current version? --Coolcaesar (talk) 08:11, 15 November 2019 (UTC)
 * D23 membership, usage at D23 Expo nor what employees call it is not a measure of common name as both are a subset of the general population. Disney is the common name for The Walt Disney Company and its subsidiaries. so every one that address you on a daily basis always uses your first and last name? I doubt that. Thus logical to carry it down, so it is not an odd edit. Second, you indicated three different "common name", so that is not "consistent" enough to give a common name. Common name covers the naming of the article anyways and the article is "Walt Disney Imagineering".  --Spshu (talk) 18:14, 15 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Please refresh your memory on Wikipedia policy, especially What Wikipedia is not and No original research. Wikipedia is not a soapbox.  Just because you think it may be more logical to call it Disney Imagineering is not a valid reason to call it that in the article.  We call things what they are commonly called, and in this case, people who actually work for or deal with Walt Disney Imagineering are very consistent in referring to the subsidiary as WDI or Imagineering for short. They don't call it Disney Imagineering. Your edits amount to original research at best and vandalism at worst.  The only book I see on Google Books that calls it Disney Imagineering doesn't appear to have been written by an Imagineer.
 * Please take the time to educate yourself about the topic of this article. There are several sizzle reels and interviews with Imagineers on YouTube. There's a new documentary series on Disney+.  And there are several beautifully illustrated coffee table books. --Coolcaesar (talk) 06:06, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Walt Disney Imagineering


text:
User:Mind~enwiki

Quoad ipse ex fonte bibere non poteram, aqua dulcis pulchraque mihi videbatur.

title: User:Mind~enwiki


text:
Talk:Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)

New Shadow Cabinet Line-up, May 10 2005
Here is the latest info - can someone please Wikify it?

Conservative Party Leader, Michael Howard has today announced his new Shadow Cabinet. It is as follows: HER MAJESTY’S OFFICIAL OPPOSITION SHADOW CABINET Leader of the Opposition                             Rt. Hon. Michael Howard QC MP Deputy Leader and Shadow Secretary of State for Defence                                     Rt. Hon. Michael Ancram MP Shadow Secretary of State for Education & Skills                                                       David Cameron MP Shadow Home Secretary                              Rt. Hon. David Davis MP Shadow Secretary of State for Transport     Alan Duncan MP Shadow Foreign Secretary                           Dr. Liam Fox MP Shadow Leader of the House of Commons                                               Chris Grayling MP Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury                                                     Philip Hammond MP Shadow Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs                                                         Oliver Heald MP Shadow Secretary of State for Health            Andrew Lansley MP Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs                                  Rt. Hon. Oliver Letwin MP Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland                                         David Lidington MP Chief Whip                                                  Rt. Hon David Maclean MP Chairman of the Conservative Party             Rt. Hon. Francis Maude MP Shadow Secretary of State for the Family and for Culture, Media & Sport                   Rt. Hon. Theresa May MP Shadow Secretary of State for International Development                           Andrew Mitchell MP Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer            George Osborne MP Shadow Secretary of State for Deregulation                                      Rt. Hon. John Redwood MP Shadow Secretary of State for Work & Pensions                                       Rt. Hon. Malcolm Rifkind MP Shadow Secretary of State for Local & Devolved Government Affairs                  Caroline Spelman MP Leader of Opposition in the House of Lords                                                     Rt. Hon. Lord Strathclyde Shadow Secretary of State for Productivity, Energy & Industry                   David Willetts MP

Gabriel Rozenberg 16:09, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Revert
An edit of this page by me was reverted recently. I wonder if somebody could tell me why. Needless to say, I only made the edit because I thought that it was an improvement. I can imagine that I made a mistake, but I haven't spotted it yet. Tim Ivorson 13:19, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Michael Ancram
Why is Michael Ancram not called Michael Ancram here? He is widely known as Michael Ancram and the Wikipedia article about him has that name. Tim Ivorson 14:31, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Fair enough, but we should at least note that he possesses the title, even if he doesn't use it and is not, technically, a peer due to the Lords Act '99. Wally 18:13, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Of course he's a peer. Proteus (Talk) 18:42, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Baroness Morris of Bolton
The Vice-Chairman (Candidates) is listed as Baroness Morris of Bolton OBE. I cannot find any record of such a baroness (or indeed a baron). Mtiedemann 00:35, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

 * -- Finlay McWalter | Talk 00:37, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Patricia Morris, OBE, was created Baroness Morris of Bolton, of Bolton in the County of Greater Manchester, on the afternoon of 9 June 2004. Proteus (Talk) 16:23, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

Include Shadow Olympics Minister?
Include? Shadow Olympics minister: Hugh Robertson http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/6453575.stm Kahar5 17:23, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

New cabinet post of 'Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change'
When will David Cameron be expected to fill the post of Shadow Energy and Climate Change Secretary seeing as Brown has now created one? --PoliceChief (talk) 19:38, 4 October 2008 (UTC)
 * The Shadow Cabinet does not always mirror the Cabinet exactly, as can be seen in 2003 with Tim Yeo covering Health and Education to shadow John Reid (Health) and Charles Clarke (Education). Theoretically the Shadow Cabinet does not need a reshuffle, but political commentators have speculated that one is likely in the next few weeks. Road Wizard (talk) 19:53, 4 October 2008 (UTC)

Not *the* Shadow Cabinet
Not sure it's really appropriate to say the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet is the Shadow Cabinet, as there is also the LibDem Shadow Cabinet (see http://www.parliament.uk/mpslordsandoffices/government_and_opposition/libdems.cfm). Also see talk page at Talk:Liberal_Democrat_Frontbench_Team --Alexd (talk) 08:59, 14 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Whatever the recent wishes of the Liberal Democrats, whenever anyone else says "the Shadow Cabinet" they always mean the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet who have the Shadow Cabinet room at Westminster. The parliamentary website just uses the nomenclature supplied by the parties and isn't ruling on this stuff. Timrollpickering (talk) 21:22, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

David Willetts
The UK Parliament site has him down as a "Shadow Secretary of State for Universities and Skills" while the tory party site lists him as a minister with a somewhat longer and less official-sounding job title "Minister for Universities and Skills, with special responsibility for family policy". The official UK Parliament site should be the more reliable source. Khcf6971 (talk) 15:06, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Why would that be? The Parliament site gets their information from the Tories. The Tory site is the Tories. -Rrius (talk) 15:07, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * The Parliament site indicates that Shadow Minister is the lesser title. Willetts is the Shadow SoS served by 5 Shadow Ministers. The SSoS title is also used by Willets himself, the BBC and... The Conservative Party.
 * There is no real confusion here as you often see the same practice in Goverment as well. Willets is a Shadow Minister with the specific title of Shadow Secretary of State; Lord Adonis is a Transport Minister with the specific title of Secretary of State for Transport. Road Wizard (talk) 19:01, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Actually, there is confusion. Willetts is listed at the party's Shadow Cabinet list as "Shadow Minister for Universities and Skills, with special responsibility for family policy" just after Baroness Warsi (Shadow Minister for Community Cohesion and Social Action). Aside from Grant Shapps (Housing), the other substantive policy portfolio holders are all called "Shadow Secretary of State". Since, in the one place where the Conservative Party has sat down and made nice distinctions about what he is called, they have called him "Shadow Minister", we should too. -Rrius (talk) 19:21, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * If you notice they call him both. Check the last link I posted. ^_~ Road Wizard (talk) 19:23, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I saw that, hence "in the one place where the Conservative Party has sat down and made nice distinctions about what he is called". The press release you mentioned probably just carries forward his title from when he was shadow secretary of state for that department. There is no such department now, though, so he can't be shadowing its secretary of state. -Rrius (talk) 19:26, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * It is used by David Willets on 2 November 2009, which shoots a fair sized hole in the recent change theory (maybe they should let him know too? ^_^). The title never mirrored the Government position precisely either as that was Secretary of State for Innovation, Universities and Skills. Even if you can argue it was intended as a close match the change in department name occurred in June 2009 where other sources continue with the SSoS title after that date:
 * The Telegraph (Sep 09), Reuters (Aug 09), Conservative Party (Sep 09), The Independent (Oct 2009).
 * See also The Shadow Teams, which is another place where "the Conservative Party has sat down and made nice distinctions about what he is called". Road Wizard (talk) 19:40, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Or maybe he's an arrogant politician. It doesn't blow a hole in the "theory" as the the change at the Conservative site is only a post-June 5 move. The last link you provided is more persuasive (in that it actually has some persuasive force). Logic still dictates my way and there is no reason to believe that page isn't the same as it was on June 4, 2009, but I don't care enough to stop you. -Rrius (talk) 19:57, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Actually logic doesn't support you at all, as all but one source disagrees with you and the one in your favour can't make up its mind. As you have no objections I will revert back to the official title. We can always change back to "Minister" if the Parliament website changes. Road Wizard (talk) 20:04, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure if you forgot or are being deliberately dishonest, but the argument from logic is that there is no Secretary of State for Universities and Skills for Willetts to shadow. -Rrius (talk) 20:10, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the accusation of dishonesty. It is refreshing to find an editor who reverts to name calling instead of trying to argue a point with reference to source material. Road Wizard (talk) 20:19, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * You're welcome, but you may want to take note of the very first words of that sentence. Ironically, the choice between poor memory and dishonesty is equally applicable to your complaint. -Rrius (talk) 20:22, 4 November 2009 (UTC)
 * This is going nowhere. You are making indirect insinuations about my honesty when I am following Wikipedia's Verifiability policy. You wanted to make a change and provided a source; I provided several sources that disagree and showed that the source you rely on even contradicts itself. You can carry on making insinuations if you like, but it may be far more productive to take a short break to consider the situation calmly and make a new argument if you feel it necessary.
 * I will refrain from posting on this talk page for at least 24 hours to allow this debate to cool off. Regards. Road Wizard (talk) 20:36, 4 November 2009 (UTC)

Officeholders Table
The page might benefit from a table like this one, which shows the holders of the major shadow posts since WWII. BartBassist (talk) 13:17, 7 March 2010 (UTC)

premature list removed
I see no source suggesting that the Labour Party currently has formed a shadow cabinet. Without that, simply listing the Brown cabinet as the "shadow cabinet" is dubious speculation. Feel free to replace the list if you can show a source.--Scott Mac 21:21, 13 May 2010 (UTC)

Labour MPs elect the shadow cabinet. So it wont be for a few days before it is announced, and the former miisters are offically in it, untill and if they are elected into it by the PLP.--Welshsocialist (talk) 01:11, 16 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Do you have a source for that? From what you are saying, a former Minister who lost their seat at the last election would also be in the Shadow Cabinet at this time. Road Wizard (talk) 01:25, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Sorry, I didn't make myself clear. I meant that, at the moment, there is no offical shadow cabinet, until the PLP elects one, and we don't know until that time if former ministers will be in it or not. I worded it badly. Sorry.--Welshsocialist (talk) 14:59, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Miliband Shadow Cabinet
With the election of a new leader, are the old Shadow Cabinet members still members? Or should we cut the list down to the six ex officio members until the Shadow Cabinet election is over? (I don't think peers have elected their backbench representative, the seventh ex officio, yet.) -Rrius (talk) 05:09, 26 September 2010 (UTC)

No Shadow Cabinet currently, following the dissolving of conference. Winteron, Harman and Miliband are the only official office holders. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.4.89.176 (talk) 15:27, 30 September 2010 (UTC)

no references
please add references.Phd8511 (talk) 14:36, 13 May 2015 (UTC)

Shadow Ministers before reshuffle
Shadow Ministers keep their positions within the Shadow Cabinet before a resuffle. Thus, putting "TBA" is not accurate unless they have resigned. — Preceding unsigned comment added by PepperMintTea1967 (talk • contribs) 15:15, 13 September 2015 (UTC)

"most senior Opposition Members"
[ Not all Opposition frontbenchers are members of the Shadow Cabinet, which is composed of the most senior Opposition Members (usually around 20). ]

Think this could be removed now, since it no longer has any relevance, also it is quite outdated  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.18.46.83 (talk) 10:00, 14 September 2015 (UTC)

Am a bit confused
What has happened to the "Shadow Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government" and "Shadow Secretary of State for Defence"?

From my tweeting last night (13-14 hours ago) I thought Diane Abbott MP was Communities and Local Government and Gloria de Piero MP was Defence?

But now Diane Abbott MP is International Development and Gloria de Piero MP has vanished 92.18.46.83 (talk) 10:45, 14 September 2015 (UTC)

History
When were shadow cabinets invented? When did Oppositions first start to have shadow cabinets? According to Hollis's "Jennie Lee", note 76 at the end of Chapter 6, Labour's shadow cabinet dates back to 1955. Before then, the Opposition front bench didn't hold individual policy briefs. -86.188.109.221 (talk) 21:05, 19 October 2015 (UTC)
 * I agree that this article is woefully incomplete, first of all without historical information on the reason for having a shadow  cabinet and now without a history on why there are all those TBDs.  The  article has been marked "lacking sources"; BBC press ought to be a rich mine for information on why the shadow cabinet is resigning one after another.  100.15.120.122 (talk) 15:37, 26 June 2016 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 January 2016
Michael Dugher is no longer in office and the office is currently vacant.

109.149.189.133 (talk) 17:22, 5 January 2016 (UTC)

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. - a boat   that can float!   (watch me float)  06:52, 6 January 2016 (UTC)

Defence / Foreign / Emily Thornberry
Two Shadow Secretary of States for Defence? (Emily Thornberry & Clive Lewis)

Shadow Foreign Secretary (Emily Thornberry MP)

these sections need double checking Wiki editors — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.22.83.255 (talk) 16:02, 27 June 2016 (UTC)

Split table?
Is there any chance that we could split the table for pre- and post-Brexit? It is genuinely difficult to get the information I was hoping to get from the current table. StillWaitingForConnection (talk) 00:16, 28 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I know this is probably one reshuffle too late but hopefully the changes just made are along the lines of what you were thinking Seeinggreen (talk) 21:29, 6 October 2016 (UTC)

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Semi-protected edit request on 25 July 2019
Shami Chakrabarti is a peer and should be mentioned as "The Rt Hon The Baronness Chakrabarti CBE PC".

Keir Starmer has been knighted and (even with the post-nominal of KCB) should be mentioned as "The Rt Hon Sir Keir Starmer KCB QC MP".

Angela Evans Smith is a privy counsellor and should be mentioned as "The Rt Hon The Baronness Smith of Basildon PC".

Thomas McAvoy is a privy counsellor and should be mentioned as "The Rt Hon The Lord McAvoy PC". 70.29.38.15 (talk) 17:28, 25 July 2019 (UTC)

 * ❌ per MOS:HONORIFICS and a lack of sources. –Deacon Vorbis (carbon • videos) 03:39, 11 August 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 April 2020
Keir Starmer MP is now the Leader of the Official Opposition (04/03/2020) and thus isn't Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union, the position of which has now been abolished. There is now a Deputy Leader which is Angela Rayner MP, who thus can't be and isn't Shadow Secretary of State for Education (04/03/2020).

https://labour.org.uk/people/leadership-elections-hub-2020/leadership-elections-2020-results/

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Eashwelllewis (talk • contribs) 18:23, 4 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. I can't comprehend your request, so, please, clarify or make your request per the above message. {{replyto}} Can I Log In's  (talk) page 21:09, 6 April 2020 (UTC)

Adding Shadowing parameter for shadow ministers
I'm interesting in hearing what people's thoughts are on adding a parameter in shadow ministers' infoboxes for who they're shadowing. This would have to be a custom parameter using | 1blankname         = Shadowing as there is no current specific parameter for this, although I have requested it. I don't believe this goes against what constitutes a good infobox, and if anything supports it. DanJWilde (talk) 20:31, 26 September 2020 (UTC)

Deputy Leader of the Opposition
Angela Rayner has been listed as "Deputy Leader of the Opposition" however no such role exists. This role should be removed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.47.209.12 (talk) 18:05, 24 February 2021 (UTC)
 * ❌. You sure about that? . ◢  Ganbaruby!   (Say hi!) 01:42, 25 February 2021 (UTC)

Ordering of the list
Hi, I was just wondering if someone could explain the present ordering of the list, for example if it is based on importance then why shadow education sec is rated above shadow foreign sec etc. Firestar47 (talk) 21:54, 20 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I agree with this, it feels wrong to group it currently, where as the cabinet page groups the four great offices together, perhaps change it in line with the cabinet one? 172.76.5.27 (talk) 03:33, 16 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I'll have a go at changing it. Firestar47 (talk) 21:29, 2 June 2024 (UTC)


text: Category:Personal coats of arms

title: Category:Personal coats of arms


text:
Talk:English Poor Laws

"poorhouse" vs. "workhouse"?
The section "The act of 1601" makes use of both the word "poorhouse" and the word "workhouse". The text implies they are not the same thing, but does not give a good sense of how they would differ. Could someone clarify this?

 * In England, "poorhouse" was often used fairly synonymously with "workhouse" to refer to pre-1834 parish workhouses, although perhaps more so for establishments where little or no work was required of the inmates. In Scotland, and to some extent the north of England, "poorhouse" was the usual name for a workhouse. (Poorhouses established under the 1845 Scottish Poor Law Act never took in the the able-bodied.)

 * In other countries, e.g. the USA, there was a much clearer distinction between the poorhouse (for the destitute, old and sick) and the workhouse (a place where hard labour was required of able-bodied paupers, including petty criminals serving a short sentence there). Peter Higginbotham

 * I've tried to respond to this by adding more on the development of the Elizabethan laws. Able-bodied paupers would be "set on work" but did not receive accommodation unless they were effectively imprisoned in a house of correction.  The first "workhouse" was not established until 1697, through a private Act of Parliament.  -  Paul Spicker

 * "Workhouses" were certainly around before 1697, e.g. see [www.workhouses.org.uk/Abingdon/] - Peter Higginbotham

 * I stand corrected - Peter Higginbotham's evidence on Abingdon is clear. I had believed that the Bristol workhouse was the first; it was not. I have amended the main article to reflect this, but perhaps Peter has more to say? - PS.

Requests
There's a request for a page on the "New Poor Law of 1834" on the requests page. Should that be redirected to this page or should there be a separate page covering the Poor Law Amendment Act in more detail? - Cherry blossom tree 13:03, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

20th Centuary Poorhouses
Does anyone have anything to add on the poorhouses that existed into the 1940's? matturn 11:17, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Redirect
A short article on Poor Law Unions was set up without links to this one. I have moved the few additional facts and links (which are good ones) into this, as it makes more sense to describe Unions in the context of the Poor Law overall, and redirect on the term. Ditto (Guardians). 217.206.130.66 17:39, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

Separate Workhouses entry
Might it be an idea to create a separate Workhouses page detailing condition in UK workhouses and in similar systems else where in the world instead of having Workhouses link to this article?
 * I agree, so long as I don't have to do it. Also, please sign posts by using " ~ " Cutler 00:43, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I would like to second this idea. The Workhouse and they're associated institutions played a major part in the UK welfare system prior to 1945 and this article doesn't do it justice.  S.Skinner 19:56, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Support I agree that this article does not do justice to the Workhouses or the local Unions. Scope needs to be made to indicate where the Workhouses were in the UK, the parishes they covered and their government. It could also cover the 19th century literature illustrating the different uses, fears etc. such as Charles Dickens and Henry Mayhew. DonBarton 14:00, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * There definitely should be a separate workhouse page. There is a really good website on this subject--Moonlight Mile 00:03, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Strong support It is definitely a good Idea to have a separat page. If anyone is good at german, de-wikipedia has a page on 'Arbeitshäusen' a lot of which is about english workhouses! I could help with translation. Englishnerd 17:41, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I have created a separate entry but it needs expanding (a lot!).--Moonlight Mile 00:53, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

"Outdoor relief"
The article should probably explain the term "outdoor relief" or link the term to an article that explains it. --Jim Henry | [[User talk:Jim Henry|Talk]] 20:30, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I've linked outdoor relief, which is a redirect to social security. I'm not sure how well that article covers the grounds, to be honest. See that talk page for relevant thoughts. --Cherry blossom tree 21:28, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

I've added a section explaining the difference between outdoor and indoor relief - please edit if you want joseph_2166 22:58, 22 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Good stuff all round there. The article Outdoor relief still redirects to social security (indoor relief doesn't exist.) Maybe both of them should be redirected to Differences between indoor and outdoor relief (or something with a less clumsy title) which would contain that section? I imagine it is relevant in other contexts too, so having it in its own article seems a good idea. Thoughts?--Cherry blossom tree 23:21, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

Amendment of 20th December: Someone had questioned the statements that the Poor Law had responsibility for public health, and that it was a foundation for local government. Both are correct. Where there were existing local authorities, such as the boroughs, they were able to take responsibility for issues like sewers and public nuisances. In much of the country there were no such authorities and the responsibilities were given formally to the Guardians. The formation of Local Government Board, and subsequently of the system of local councils, led to the gradual transfer of the main responsibilities from the Guardians to local government.

The iron law of wages is falsely attributed to David Ricardo - it is, in fact, the product of a radical critique of capitalism. This should be fixed - it can be squared with the wiki article on Ricardo

Scotland and Ireland
I have inserted information on the Poor Laws in Ireland. Can someone do the same for Scotland? This article should be about the entire UK, not just England and Wales.

 * I know very little about either the Scottish Poor Laws or the Irish Poor Laws but they are sufficently different to the system in England and Wales to warrent their own articles. Francium12 (talk) 16:32, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

Poor Law Act of 2005?
Within the section "The Act of 1601" reads the following:

"The Poor Law Act 2005 formalised earlier practices."

I'm no historian, but surely this cannot be correct. Could someone with a more intimate knowledge of the Poor Law correct the date in this statement?

This article is messy
How about splitting it between the 1601 Law and the 1830s Amendment Act?

The removal of the 1601 and 1834 Acts has damaged this article beyond repair. The 1834 article requires the background from 1780 on to make sense, the introduction to this section beoongs with the 1601 Act, and the material on the end of the Poor Law belongs after the 1834 section. This must be reverted. But the damage done to the article by inappropriate editing is now so extensive that it would require acres of work. Is there a short way of doing it?

 * Quite right, this article is very messy. Although the two Poor Laws do need some historical background to make sense, we don't keep messy articles merged to to so. One could argue the Cold War ghas its background in WW2, but they aren't on the same page. The 1601 and 1834 Poor Laws should be on different pages, and the main 'Poor Law' replaced with a summary of the two.

I suggest we have the following pages:
 * 1) Poor Law - A summary and disambiguation.
 * 2) Poor Law - 1601-1834 - Covers the introduction of the Poor Law and its history to 1834
 * 3) Poor Law - 1834-1948

I think that would be cleaner and less messy. Paj.meister 08:54, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Poor relief before 1601
I'm pretty sure that the brief summary in this section is wrong but I don't know enough about the subject to rewrite it. Perhaps someone else can?

You are correct. That is because the article has been hopelessly corrupted and someone has stuffed the relevant information into the article on 1601.

 * Is it even viable to rescue this article through a reversion? Yue.san 18:34, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Any article which tries to cover some 500 years of history is going to be messy. Split! 172.141.230.234 18:12, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Category:Poor Law
I have created the category Poor Law to group together a few articles in one place. 172.143.110.31 23:09, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

Within 'History' and under 'Medieval Poor Laws', there is the statement that; 'Wages rose for labourers, and this forced up inflation across the economy, as goods became more expensive to produce.' Yet the value of money can not be moving in two directions (both up and down) at the same time, except in two separate economies . In this case the inflation is likely to have been caused, not by the associated rise in wages, but by the inability to commercially fill the local operational demand for labour, the subsequent disruption to production this caused, and scarcity of produce. A successful operation would then be at a premium increasing its' capital, and only increasing wages in order to maintain their business in an already inflating market, hopefully to exploit the political situation. Hence, requiring the passing of the 'Statute of Labourers' in 1351 as a remedy.Benhr14 (talk) 15:56, 17 August 2010 (UTC)Benhr14 (talk) 17:57, 17 August 2010 (UTC)

Who is Alcock?
"Alcock complained, in 1752, that 'these marks of distinction have had but little effect, and for that Reasons, I suppose, have been almost everywhere neglected.'"

I think this needs to be cited, so I have added a tag to the Act of 1601 section. A link to the appropriate (author's) article, or at least some clarification of the quote's origin would be helpful. --Yue.san 18:28, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Poor relief before 1601
"Before the English Reformation it was considered a Christian duty to care for the sick and needy"

This is really a very anti-Protestant statement - and it's followed by another: "the break with Rome some of this attitude was lost"

It gives a reference which leads to a page by "Marjie Bloy" of the National University of Singapore. The reference must be to this statement: "After the Reformation and the establishment of the Church of England, many of the old values and moral expectations disappeared so it became necessary to regulate the relief of poverty by law" (http://www.victorianweb.org/history/poorlaw/elizpl.html). Incidentally, Christians in Singapore are almost exclusively Catholic.

So, OK, there's a reference. But Marjie gives no reference herself for this statement, which is being used in this paragraph to give a very negative impression of Protestantism.

It could easily be seen that with the advent of Protestantism in England, Poor Laws were enacted out of a new found sense of social duty.

This view that Marjie gives, and is used here, is far from the conventional one, and I'm removing it.

If anyone feels differently, please add a good reliable reference.

The full sentence being removed: "Before the English Reformation it was considered a Christian duty to care for the sick and needy. With the break with Rome some of this attitude was lost which meant that there needed to be increasing legislation in order that 'deserving poor' should be cared for." Deipnosopher 22:15, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

I think I might have quoted these few lines (coinicidently i'm C of E). How about saying that the Protestent suppression of the monastries which were Catholic and dispensed poor relief meant that greater intervention from the state was needed once they were gone? that ok?(http://www.thepotteries.org/dates/poor.htm) 172.159.247.114 00:05, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

 * The argument that traditional forms of charity went with the break with Rome is the conventional as argued here   Francium12 (talk) 16:23, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

Good article nominee
I have nominated this article for good article status. It has been improved significantly from a year or so ago when it appeared to be trying to cover 500+ years of history in a single page. The splitting was a little messy but we got there in the end Francium12 (talk) 16:35, 17 July 2009 (UTC)

Good Article pass
The GA reviewer has stated his willingness to pass the article on my talk page (User talk:Francium12). Thank you to everyone who helped get this to GA status. Francium12 21:20, 25 August 2009 (UTC)

Clarity
The page doesn't actually say, I think, until some way down, what poor laws actually did. Can the writers please make this clearer in the introduction? In a number of places I think it's the same - when going through the historical acts, there's a tendency to not be specific about what the Acts actually provided for poor people, what they actually established, funding, etc, etc. Otherwise not a bad article at all!  Wik idea  16:53, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

 * "The Act aimed to reduce the burden on rate payers and can be seen as an attempt by the Whig government to win the votes of the classes enfranchised by the Second Reform Act." Does this sentence actually mean to refer to the Great Reform Act?  Wik idea  17:40, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

Reformation
I see no mention of the monasteries here. Was the lack of charitable support for the poor from religious orders not a reason why the need for the poor law was perceived when it was? Deipnosophista (talk) 15:54, 22 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Mentioned in the Tudor Poor Law section Ulcerspar12 (talk) 12:57, 4 March 2015 (UTC)

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Proposed merge with Poor Law policy after the New Poor Law
Content overlaps Rathfelder (talk) 07:43, 8 June 2017 (UTC)

Proposed merge with Decline and abolition of the poor law system
Less content here than in the main article Rathfelder (talk) 07:44, 8 June 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:English Poor Laws


text:
Abba Hushi

Abba Hushi (Also: Aba Khoushy; אבא חושי; born Abba Schneller; 1898 – 24 March 1969) was an Israeli politician who served as mayor of Haifa for eighteen years between 1951 and 1969. Hushi was one of the founders and activists of Hashomer Hatzair movement in Poland. In July 1920, he immigrated to the then British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel) with a group of 130 Jewish pioneers. There he took the Hebrew surname "Hushi" ["speedy"], a translation of his original name, Schneller. He built roads and drained swamps, and helped to found kibbutz Beit Alfa. He was one of the founding members of the Histadrut labor federation. In 1927, he settled in Haifa and joined the Ahdut HaAvoda party, which later merged with Mapai. He was secretary of the Haifa Workers Council from 1931 to 1951. Hushi was elected to Israel's first Knesset in 1949 as a member of Mapai. Before the 1951 elections, he left the government to become mayor of Haifa. As mayor, he helped to found the University of Haifa, the Haifa Theatre, the Tikotin Museum of Japanese Art, the Mane-Katz Museum and the Carmelit (Haifa's funicular railway).

Abba Hushi was the father-in-law of Knesset member Amnon Linn.

Family-background
Abba Hushi was born in 1898 in Turka, Galicia, then part of Austria-Hungary (today in Ukraine). His mother, Liba, ran a small farm, where she grew fruits and vegetables. After divorcing her first husband, Liba moved to Turka and married Zisha, a haberdasher. To avoid the draft, Zisha changed his name to Alexander, took Liba's surname, "Schneller," and hid in the attic of Liba's farmhouse. The Schnellers had seven children: Ettia, Abba, Hinda, Ya'akov, Rosa, Malka and Harry from Liba's first marriage.

Education
After attending a heder, Hushi studied at the local gymnasium. He spoke Yiddish, German, Hebrew, Ukrainian and Polish, and knew some Greek and Latin. He planned to study medicine and even wrote "Property of Medical Student Abba Schneller" on his notebooks, but his plans were disrupted by the outbreak of World War I in 1914. The Schneller family fled to Bohemia.

Involvement in Hashomer Hatzair
After the family's return to Turka in 1918, the city fell under Polish rule. Antisemitism was on the rise, so a group of members of Hashomer Hatzair organized into an independent Jewish protection force. They were successful in Turka and stopped pogroms and other attacks, although in other cities throughout Poland these attacks continued.

On 4 and 5 August 1918, a Hashomer Hatzair conference was held in Turka. Hushi was one of the chairs of the conference, and there he called for immigration to the land of Israel. In the spring of 1920, at another Hashomer Hatzair conference in Lviv, Abba read publicly for the first time the words to his poem "In the Galil, at Tel Hai" inspired by the courage of Joseph Trumpeldor at Tel Hai. Indeed, the decisions made at the conference mirrored the spirit at Tel Hai: it was decided that the graduating group of Hashomer Hatzair would make Aliyah, and the workers of the movement would assist in the realization of this decision.

Road Worker
The work office of the Hapoel Hatzair movement took responsibility for finding employment for its members of who had recently arrived in Palestine. Hushi's group found work in paving roads, a project initiated by the first High Commissioner of Palestine, Herbert Samuel. Hushi worked on roads around Rosh Pinna, and in 1920 and 1921, Hushi was the head of the "Shomria Unit," the group that paved the Haifa-J'da (a.k.a. Ramat Yishai) road.

Haifa Port
Abba Hushi and the other members of his group volunteered to unload coal at the Port of Haifa. The "Workers of Israel" fund received the contract to unload the coal, but the Haifa workers refused to unload the coal. Hushi and his co-workers volunteered for the difficult work, which left them covered in soot and often led to eye infections.

Founding the Histadrut
In December 1920, the "Shomria Unit" send two representatives, one of them Abba Hushi, to the "First General Conference of the Workers of Israel." By the end of the conference, the delegates decided to establish a union for the Hebrew workers in the land of Israel; the Histadrut.

Drying swamps and founding Beit Alfa
In 1921, the members of the group transferred to Nahalal, where they paved the entrance road to the moshav and also worked in drying and draining the surrounding swamps. Abba Hushi petitioned on behalf of the entire group, for land in order to establish a settlement in the Jezreel Valley. In 1922, the request was approved and Hushi was among the founding members of kibbutz Beit Alfa.

Delegate in the Diaspora
After the establishment of the Kibbutz, Abba was sent by the Jewish National Fund to raise funds in Poland. The money would be used to buy land and establish settlements. Hushi was accompanied by Meir Ya'ari. In 1924, Ya'ari and Hushi arrived in Danzig, where they attended two conferences; the Hashomer Hatzair conference and the "Youth Covenant" movement conference (which David Ben-Gurion also attended). At the Hashomer Hatzair conference, Hushi was chosen for the board of the world Hashomer Hatzair movement.

After the conferences, Hushi and Ya'ari continued their fund-raising efforts on behalf of the JNF. They also visited local branches of, and summer camps run by Hashomer Hatzair throughout Poland in order to encourage the youths to make aliyah. Throughout the entire trip, Hushi corresponded with his girl friend Hannah, who remained in Beit Alfa. As part of his travels, Abba arrived in Turka, where, in February 1925, he convinced his family to make aliyah.

Moving to Haifa
In 1925, Hushi took a year off from the kibbutz to help his family settle in Haifa, and become acclimated with Israeli life. Hushi initiated the creation of a working-class restaurant that his family would own and operate, thereby earning a living. While in Haifa he continued his public service: on 19 April 1925, Hushi hosted a meeting of representatives from Kibbutzim that had foreign youths.

Additional delegation abroad
Following his great success on his previous trip to Poland, the Zionist committee asked Hushi to go abroad again. This time, he requested to travel with his girlfriend Hanna. The members of the kibbutz argued against his and Hanna's departures. Hushi wrote to Hanna: My dear Hanna: Last night I returned from Jerusalem. There, I began the passport application process for the two of us. I submitted my previous passport and a picture of both of us...I have chosen to go, and what will be, will be...I have very little money and we will barely be able to buy anything. I'll go in torn pants – but that doesn't matter. To the angry people in the Kibbutz, explain, if you'd like to, that I couldn't choose otherwise. I must bear the responsibility that others have placed on me.

Marriage to Hannah
Hushi's relationship with Hannah grew closer while they were in Turka, although Hannah's father was not happy with the match. On Lag Ba'omer 1926, the Chief Rabbi of Haifa, Rabbi Kaniel, officiated at their wedding. On 29 March 1927, their daughter Ruth was born. Hannah remained in Beit Alfa while Hushi went to Haifa to help his family run the restaurant and continue his activities on behalf of the Histadrut. Hannah joined him in June. In September 1930, their son, Gadi, was born. Gadi died in an accident on 12 January 1932. Another son, Dan, was born the following year.

Activity for the Histadrut in Haifa
In 1925 Hushi moved to Haifa in order to assist his parents, but he continued being politically active. In 1926 he began to work for the Histadrut in Haifa, and would eventually become a central activist in the Ahdut HaAvoda and then Mapai parties.

Treatment of the workers in the Port of Haifa
In his first position in the Histadrut, Hushi substituted for Yaacov Razili, who failed to settle to confrontation between the longtime laborers in the port, and the new immigrants who were sent to work in the port by the Histadrut. After much hard work and tremendous effort, Hushi convinced the port workers to sign an agreement with the Histadrut.

Secretary of the Haifa Workers Council
In 1932, Hushi was chosen chairman of the Haifa Workers Council (a position that he held until 1951). He believed that it was upon the Council to create a connection with every worker in its jurisdiction (the city of Haifa). He also saw to it that in every workplace a "worker's committee" was established (in workplaces where only a few people worked "trustees" were appointed) that would maintain contact between the workers and the Histadrut. Hushi's actions caused a great increase in the number or workers who were associated with different labor organizations.

Building controversy
In 1934, Jewish contractors experimented with Arab workers, who were less expensive to employ than Jewish workers. The Histadrut responded with strikes and protests. The height of the controversy was in the Borovsky House construction site, where the contractor employed exclusively Arab workers, and didn't "reserve" any jobs for Jewish workers. As a reaction, Hushi sent workers to picket the site, who disturbed the building process. The contractor complained to the police, and the picketing workers were arrested. Nevertheless, Hushi continued to send workers to protest. The protests continued for 684 days, and a total of 2259 days of jail time were served by workers who had picketed. By the end of the conflict, the contractor gave in and was forced to employ Jewish workers who were members of the Workers Council.

Assisting the unemployed
Due to the great stress that existed in Israel in the 1930s, Hushi worried about the unemployed workers in his city. As the secretary of the council, Hushi persuaded the other members to establish a staff that would look after the unemployed workers, and provide them with temporary work. The staff would find places of employment and divide the work among the unemployed workers, meaning that full-time workers had to give up on some work time to allow the unemployed people to come in and work. This style of distributing work differed from that practiced in other workers councils throughout Palestine. Among other things, the organization forced young workers and workers having other alternatives to relinquish their jobs to older, more seasoned workers, who had lost their places of employment.

"Hapoel" Organization
One of the first organizations that Hushi supported in Haifa was the Hapoel sports club. He was assisted by members of the organization "The Organizer's Division," in order to protect the institution of, and obedience to, the Histadrut and the Workers Council.

Bringing Thessaloniki port workers to Haifa
With the founding of the port of Haifa, Baruch Uziel, who had made Aliyah from Thessaloniki, Greece, convinced the Workers Council to bring on Aliyah Thessalonikian port workers, in order to guarantee a majority of Jewish port workers. As a result of Uziel's request, Hushi traveled to Thessaloniki, where he successfully convinced the Jewish port workers to make Aliya with their families.

Following his success in Thessaloniki, Hushi traveled to Poland and managed to convince Jewish porters there also to make Aliya. The Aliya of the Thessaloniki port workers caused there to be a majority of Jewish workers in the port. This allowed operation of the port and the un-interrupted export of Jewish goods during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine. On May Day 1936, since there was a fear that the port workers would strike, Hushi ordered them to work, despite the fact that it was Workers' Day, and the port-workers strike was avoided. On 8 August 1936, the Arab workers ceased to come to the port to work, and the port was operated solely by Jewish workers for a number of months.

Boycott of German ships, Haifa 1938
On 29 December 1938, while loading citrus fruits onto the German ship Bamburg in the Port of Haifa, the second officer of the ship said to the port worker in charge of loading the fruits that "the Jews have no place in the world, not even at the North Pole, [...] the only option was to send all of the Jews to 'the second world.'"

The Jewish workers who heard the officer's words informed other workers, and word reached the administration of the Haifa Workers Council, who decided to stop loading the ship. The administration of the Council also instructed the Arab workers not to work, and the port stopped servicing German ships. Hushi informed Dov Hoz, the chairman of the State Committee of the Jewish Agency, of the decision. David Hacohen informed Hushi of his disapproval of the decision, since it had not been approved by the official organizations of the Yishuv, despite the fact that the Workers Council of the Histadrut had approved the new policy.

On the following day, 30 December, the German consul in Haifa turned to influential Olim from Germany to have them convince Hushi to call off the new policy. The consul announced that the Second Officer would apologize and would be punished for his offensive remarks, but Hushi did not relent, and the Bamburg returned to Germany empty. In order not to hurt the interests of the Jewish Yishuv, Hushi contacted "Citrus Center" in Jaffa with a request to find other ships with which to send their produce to Europe. He wrote to them: "We do not want to cause you [financial] loss, and therefore we are giving you options and time to organize the matter. We are not able to overcome our emotions, and the emotions of our workers, to continue to load German ships."

Published works

 * In the House of the Workers of Israel (1943)

title: Abba Hushi


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Evoleto

Evoleto
Evoleto was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Article speedy deleted.

Company vanity. Of the rather shoddy kind. --fvw *  13:24, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)
 * I've listed the logo on WP:CP and now vote to speedy delete this as vanity that it seems we've already deleted before. [[User:Livajo|Ливай | ☺]] 16:14, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete, it looks like this page was re-created, though I'm not sure why. --Spangineer 16:16, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, yeah, it was deleted earlier today. Speedy deletions should include pure advertising with no other comment; this is that. Delete. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 16:17, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Evoleto


text:
Talk:Meeting of Minds

2004 comment
If someone could help with the tables, I will put in the guests and actors for each season.

Thanks

--Jimaginator 13:24, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)

TALK: MEETING OF MINDS disambiguation
There are two distinct entities here that should each have their own separate pages and be disambiguated. The first, and I think correct for the current title, is the top section that refers to Steve Allen's original writing, scripts and television productions of those scripts, for MEETING OF MINDS. What is misleading in the extreme here is the second section that is a barely-couched ad for a (presumably) current attempt to re-mount these scripts as live performances around the country, marketed to educational institutions and the like, with no reference to the production company, booking agent, lists of actors that have no commitment to any such performance, or even clarification that, aside from using Allen's scripts, it in no way relates to the original filmed series from 3 decades ago. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jvengac (talk • contribs) 05:49, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

I removed the 'Improve references' flag which was added to this page in 2012. I have recently reviewed the page and added a number of references which I feel document the claims made about the show, as well as the show's history.Littleboybrew (talk) 22:41, 16 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Meeting of Minds


text: User talk:81.218.98.32

title: User talk:81.218.98.32


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Prophecies of Sollog

Prophecies of Sollog
Prophecies of Sollog was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was speedy delete.

The accurate and nice prophecies of sollog. No notable content, probably borderline speedy. --fvw *  13:27, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)

 * Speedy delete, I'd say - DavidWBrooks 13:27, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as spamvertisement. Fredrik | talk 13:51, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Agree on speedy deletion because of having no contents except the weblink. andy 14:15, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

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text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Howard altman

Howard altman
Howard altman was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Article has been speedy deleted

Not quite sure if howard altman deserves an article or not, but either way this is no help in what that article should look like. --fvw *  13:27, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)
 * Just speedy delete garbage like this, instead of putting it here for a week. - DavidWBrooks 13:30, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Just delete. Fredrik | talk 13:54, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, it's garbage, but it's not a Candidate for Speedy Deletion. --fvw *  14:05, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)
 * Agree it's not a speedy candidate...but delete as being a POV rant from an apparent Sollog supporter -- Ferkelparade π 15:30, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. No evidence of notability presented. Being the writer of a few newspaper columns criticizing Sollog does not rise to the level of encyclopedic notability. Current article is hopelessly POV and is not a starting point for an acceptable article. Not a valid speedy candidate, though. Not a newbie test, not vandalism, not a substub, not incomprehensible. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 16:12, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Follow the links to this anti-Semitic filth. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 16:13, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy, please, vandalism by John Ennis aka Sollog. Wyss 19:00, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Unless someone can verify that he actually claims to be a Mossad spy, I'd say this is a speedy, as libel. -R. fiend 21:15, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. No evidence of notability.  Can probably be safely speedied, as Googling on "Howard Altman" and "Mossad" produces absolutely no support for the allegation that Altman has ever claimed to be a Mossad spy. -- Antaeus Feldspar 21:24, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I'll tag it speedy as libel and see what happens. -R. fiend 22:16, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure what's libellous about it. It's incorrect (he was fired as editor of City Paper six months ago), certainly; but what's libellous about saying someone claims to be a Mossad spy? I'm more inclined to stub out the article; the man is at least slightly newsworthy, especially since he was prevented from covering a John Ashcroft press conference last year ("Sorry, no print media allowed.") --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 22:23, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Isn't libel anything printed that is both untrue and potentially damaging? An encyclopedia saying someone is a spy for a foreign country, when it isn't true, seems to fit the bill to me. This guy is an American citizen, isn't he? If this guy is notable and someone wants to write an actual article about him, then someone should go ahead, but they might as well delete this first and start from scratch, and leave out unfounded accusations. -R. fiend 23:11, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Good point. Me, I'd just delete anything contributed by the Sollog trolls on sight. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 23:17, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Quick summary of the difference: to say someone is a spy when there is no reason to believe so, is probably libellous. To say a lot of people have claimed someone to be a spy when they have is reporting, and probably not. To say a specific person has claimed that they themselves are a spy is libellous unless they have; the difference here is between "some claim" and "named person claims". (Although it's all a lot more complex than that, but you get the gist) Shimgray 23:47, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * In this case, it appears the peson has not said so, making this libel. Still waiting for someone to act on that speedy. -R. fiend 00:01, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, could be speedy as vandalism (deliberate bad faith attempt to insert inaccurate information). Shane King 23:39, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment I added an {accuracy} tag which might help if someone decided to sue wikipedia for libel. Assuming it's libel it should still be speedied ASAP. Kappa 00:20, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedily Deleted as "libel, continuing Sollog vandalism." SWAdair | Talk  04:39, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

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text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lokks

Lokks
Lokks was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete.

 * Vanity. - Evil saltine 13:29, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. Thue | talk 14:40, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, it's vanity --Spangineer 16:19, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Might qualify as a speedy under criterion #3, as its mainly spam for his website. [[User:David_Johnson|David Johnson [ T|C ] ]] 17:38, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy, vanity stub, borders on prank. Wyss 18:58, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, if not speedy for no content but a link. Vanity article otherwise. Geogre 04:53, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity Carole a 18:32, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

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title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lokks


text:
User:Tansm/notes work

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title: User:Tansm/notes work


text:
Praxilla

Praxilla (Πράξιλλα), was a Greek lyric poet of the 5th century BC from Sicyon on the Gulf of Corinth. Five quotations and three paraphrases from her poems survive. The surviving fragments of her work come from both religious choral lyric and drinking songs (skolia); the three paraphrases are all versions of myths. Various social contexts have been suggested for Praxilla based on this range of surviving works. These include that her poetry was in fact composed by two different authors, that Praxilla was a hetaira (courtesan), that she was a professional musician, or that the drinking songs derive from a non-elite literary tradition rather than being authored by a single writer. Praxilla was apparently well-known in antiquity: she was sculpted in bronze by Lysippus and parodied by Aristophanes.

Life
Praxilla was from Sicyon on the Gulf of Corinth. Eusebius dates her floruit to 451/450 BC (the second year of the 82nd Olympiad). No ancient sources give details about Praxilla's life.

Poetry
Little of Praxilla's work survives – five fragments in her own words, and three paraphrases by other authors. The longest surviving fragment is three lines. These vary in style: two are skolia (drinking songs), one is in the metre named the Praxilleion after her, one is a hymn to Adonis, and one is a dithyramb. The three works known only in paraphrase are all versions of myths. In the second century AD, Athenaeus reports that Praxilla was particularly known for her skolia.

Hymn to Adonis
Three lines of Praxilla's hexameter hymn to Adonis are quoted by Zenobius. In them, Adonis is asked in the underworld what he will most miss from the mortal world. He replies that he will miss the sun, stars, and moon, cucumbers, apples, and pears. Maria Panagiotopoulou argues that both the structure of these lines and Praxilla's use of the word kalliston allude to Sappho 16. The reference to cucumbers, apples, and pears may allude to the vegetables used in the Adonia, a festival commemorating the death of Adonis, and the poem may have been performed there. Alternatively as all three vegetables had sexual connotations in ancient Greek literature it may have been performed at symposia.

Praxilleion
A couplet quoted by Hephaestion to illustrate the metre called the Praxilleion, which was believed to have been invented by Praxilla, is attributed to her on that basis. This fragment is usually thought to have been from a skolion, and commonly interpreted as being about a prostitute or hetaira. More recently, Vanessa Cazzato has argued that it is in fact a wedding song.

Skolia
Because some of the works attributed to Praxilla are drinking songs, and respectable women in classical Greece would normally have been excluded from the parties where such songs were performed, there has been some scholarly debate about Praxilla's social position. Martin Litchfield West suggests that there were two Praxillas, one writing the skolia; the other, the more "respectable" choral songs and hymns. Other scholars have argued that, based on the attribution of skolia to Praxilla, she must have been a hetaira, though Jane McIntosh Snyder notes that there is no external evidence for this thesis. Ian Plant suggests the alternative hypothesis that she was a professional musician, composing songs for symposia because there was a market for such works.

Alternatively, West suggests that the skolia were not written by Praxilla at all. Gregory Jones agrees, and argues that all of the surviving skolia attributed to particular poets are in fact derived from a non-elite oral literary tradition. Marchinus Van der Valk, who also endorses this theory, allows for the possibility that some skolia were "derived from" Praxilla's poetry and published in antiquity attributed to her.

Reception
Praxilla was well regarded in antiquity. Antipater of Thessalonica lists her first among his canon of nine "immortal-tongued" women poets, and the sculptor Lysippus (also from Sicyon) sculpted her in bronze. She was sufficiently well-known in classical Athens that two of Aristophanes' surviving plays (The Wasps and Thesmophoriazusae) parody her work, and part of one of her poems is inscribed on a red-figure cup dating to about 470 BC. Her poetry was still remembered many centuries after her death: the Hellenistic epigrammatist Asclepiades imitated one of her poems; in the second century AD, her name was remembered in the proverb "sillier than Praxilla's Adonis", and the author Tatian cites her in his Address to the Greeks.

Praxilla was included in Judy Chicago's Heritage Floor, as one of the women associated with the place-setting for Sappho in The Dinner Party. Cy Twombly includes text from a poem by Praxilla in his 1960 painting Untitled (at Sea). One of her fragments was adapted by Michael Longley in his poem "Praxilla", from the 2004 collection Snow Water.

title: Praxilla


text:
User talk:82.208.140.183

Please do not remove VFD headers from pages. --fvw *  13:33, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)

title: User talk:82.208.140.183