text:
Talk:Carlingford, New South Wales

Untitled
Damn. This gets my tick of approval! Fantastic work!!!! - Ta bu shi da yu 14:39, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Heheh I like the comment about the security guard .. will have to keep an eye out for him!! -- Rkundalini 03:30, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

"The Hon."
I'm not too sure about Andrew Tink, as I seem to remember his being referred to as "The Hon.", but the Parliament of NSW site indicates he is "Mr." rather than "The Hon.", which is applied to other MPs such as Bob Carr.

Ethnic mix
Do we have any firm data for the references to the "Chinese community"? If not, it should be removed. --Daveb 01:24, 19 May 2005 (UTC)
 * It could be gleaned from ABS data, I suppose, but I've replaced it with the some of the population statistics... -Techelf 10:24, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

Safe Seats
The section on safe seats needs to be reworked. The AEC has definitions of "safe", "fairly safe" and "marginal".
 * <56% of the 2 party vote = marginal
 * 56-60% of the 2 party vote = fairly safe
 * >60% of the 2 party vote = safe

Current status is:
 * Bennelong = Marginal Liberal
 * Berowra = Safe Liberal
 * Mitchell = Safe Liberal
 * Parramatta = Marginal Labor

Bus routes section
This was removed; I'll put it back later when I can find better references: ''There are a number of bus services which pass through Carlingford. Harris Park Transport, a now defunct bus company, used to operate routes 623, 624, 625, 628, and 629 which pass through the suburb. The 630 was operated by Red Arrow, a joint-venture of Harris Park Transport and Westbus. As of February 2005, these former Harris Park services (with the exception of route 630) are operated by Sydney Buses (State Transit Authority of New South Wales). Previously routes 513 and 521 were the only Sydney Buses services through Carlingford. The former 621 and 622 Citybus Direct (owned by Harris Park Transport) routes from Carlingford to the city proved to be uneconomical and were eliminated. '' JRG 06:21, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

reverting edit regarding channel seven studios
I have reverted some recent edits to the Epping and Carlingford pages. AFAIK, the channel 7 studios are in Epping, not 'the Epping Carlingford area'. Let's be specific. Is there something about the Carlingford connection I am missing? it seems to be included only so the Carlingford article can claim some ownership of the studios.

please consider these issues, and discuss here before making any reversionsWotherspoonSmith 14:02, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

It appears that on 17:46, 21 September 2007, the user 60.229.12.138 made an edit (159337689) regarding this topic. He/she has also made some stupid (it appears that way) mistakes e.g. there is no show called "Home and Away - Holiday Coast" and the MIX101.1 station is not even located in Sydney, let alone Carlingford. I have removed the sentence added. - Cula 13:39, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Carlingford Church of England Homes
The information re the childrens homes and schooling is incorrect. I was a child in these homes from 1953 to 1964 and have first hand knowledge of where we went to school. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.163.117 (talk) 07:54, 12 March 2008 (UTC) Thanks- it has been removed.--WotherspoonSmith (talk) 12:12, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

Unjustified claim in Services section
In the "Services" section of the article, it says "Carlingford is the site for the control room for the New South Wales electricity grid. "

This does not appear to be possible and here are my reasons:
 * The three state-owned generation companies Delta Electricity, Eraring Energy, and Macquarie Generation would have control rooms for their power stations located at the respective power station, and possibly connected to each company's individual central control room.
 * There is only one transmission network in NSW, owned by TransGrid. The TransGrid State Operations Control Room is located at Wallgrove. TransGrid Annual Report 2003 (See page 26.)
 * There are three distribution network operators in NSW: Country Energy, EnergyAustralia, and Integral Energy.
 * Country Energy has "operations service centres at Queanbeyan, Bathurst, Dubbo and Port Macquarie." Country Energy Annual Report 2003-2004 (See page 12.)
 * EnergyAustralia has controls room at Sydney and Wallsend. Network Management Plan 2005 (See page 31.)
 * Integral Energy has its "main Network Control Room at Huntingwood". Parliament of NSW Hansard Papers

Hence I am removing this unjustified statement from the article. Cula (talk) 16:36, 2 May 2008 (UTC)

Actually, the claim was completely justified at the time you removed it. Until 2009, the building at 241 Pennant Hills Road, Carlingford was one of two national control rooms for NEMMCO. Google 'carlingford nemmco' and you'll find suitable references to have this section reinstated, with the addition of "until 2009".

Kingsdene
I've noticed that the article "kingsdene, new south wales" redirects to Carlingford. What's the connection between the two? It's never explained in the article. Was Kingsdene an earlier name for Carlingford? Is Kingsdene a locality within Carlingford?

I've never heard about "Kingsdene" before I was using Google Earth today, which lists Kingsdene is listed as if it were a suburb. Intrugued by this, I went to look it up in Wikipedia, only be redirected to Carlingford. Also, there is no reference to "Kingsdene" in the UBD.

Could somebody explain to me what Kingsdene is (or was), and then perhaps we could put some information into this article about it.

203.122.100.197 (talk) 07:44, 1 June 2008 (UTC)
 * The only reference on the New South Wales Government Geographical Names Board website is 'Kingsdene Oval' Designation:    Reserve  LGA:    Baulkham Hills. No suburb or locality in NSW. J Bar (talk) 23:02, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 9 external links on Carlingford, New South Wales. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20151210184912/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/parramatta-light-rail/how-preferred-network-was-chosen to http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/parramatta-light-rail/how-preferred-network-was-chosen
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060826034830/http://www.carlingfor-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/home.html to http://www.carlingfor-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/home.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130721122838/http://www.cumberland-h.schools.nsw.edu.au/content/public/site/index.asp to http://www.cumberland-h.schools.nsw.edu.au/content/public/site/index.asp
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131217161847/http://www.dbb.org.au/schools/stgerardscarlingford/Pages/Default.aspx to http://www.dbb.org.au/schools/stgerardscarlingford/Pages/Default.aspx
 * Added tag to http://carlingford.unitingchurch.org.au/Carlingford
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131014083958/http://www.carlingford.org.au/index.htm to http://www.carlingford.org.au/index.htm
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20131012110127/http://www.crosswayanglican.org/carlingford to http://www.crosswayanglican.org/carlingford
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140407094302/http://www.australianbuddhisthistory.com/index.php/directory/new-south-wales/buddhist-places/mahayana/man-su-vihara to http://www.australianbuddhisthistory.com/index.php/directory/new-south-wales/buddhist-places/mahayana/man-su-vihara
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100908055828/http://www.carlingfordunitedfootballclub.com/ to http://www.carlingfordunitedfootballclub.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091030050436/http://www.carlingfordcomets.com.au/ to http://www.carlingfordcomets.com.au/

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title: Talk:Carlingford, New South Wales


text:
Category:Hospitals in Pennsylvania

Articles and categories related to hospitals in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Hospitals in Pennsylvania


text: Category:680 births

title: Category:680 births


text:
Sekula Drljević

Sekula Drljević (Секула Дрљевић; 7 September 1884 – 10 November 1945) was a Montenegrin nationalist, Yugoslav jurist, politician, orator, and theoretician. During World War II, he became a collaborator with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, and cooperated with the Ustaše in the German puppet state of Croatia.

Born in the town of Kolašin, he earned a doctorate degree in law and became the Minister of Justice and Finance in the Kingdom of Montenegro before the outbreak of World War I. During the interwar period, he was a leading member of the "Greens", a Montenegrin nationalist and separatist movement. A proponent of the theory that Montenegrins were an ethnic group distinct from Serbs, he also founded and became the leader of the Montenegrin Federalist Party.

Following the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Drljević began cooperating with the Italian authorities occupying Montenegro. In July, he proclaimed the reestablishment of the Kingdom of Montenegro, but his attempt to establish an Axis-aligned puppet state triggered an immediate uprising. That September, Italian authorities sent him to an internment camp in Italy after the outbreak of an anti-fascist revolt. Drljević escaped the camp several months later and made his way into the German-held half of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). In the summer of 1944, he created the Montenegrin State Council in Zagreb.

Drljević moved back to Montenegro in 1945 and agreed to the formation of the Montenegrin National Army with Chetnik commander Pavle Đurišić. Đurišić and several other Chetnik commanders were later ambushed and killed on behalf of Drljević and the NDH. Đurišić's men later joined Drljević's Montenegrin National Army and withdrew with him towards the Austrian border. In mid-1945, Drljević crossed over into Austria with his wife, and the two ended up in a camp for displaced persons in Judenburg, where they were killed by Chetnik agents seeking to avenge Đurišić's death.

Early life and political career
Sekula Drljević was born on 7 September 1884 in the village of Ravno, near the town of Kolašin. Having finished law school in Zagreb and earned a doctorate degree, he became the Minister of Justice and Finance in the Kingdom of Montenegro in 1910. His brother Janko Drljević was at that time an MP from the loyalist True People's Party. Drljević also became an MP, and also served as a minister in King Nikola's cabinet during the Balkan Wars (1912–13), and was renowned for his rhetorical skills.

During World War I, he was captured by Austro-Hungarian forces and interned at the Boldagason internment camp in Hungary, where he grew strongly opposed to King Nikola. He was released after the war and moved to Zemun and worked as a lawyer there. He became a leading member of the "Greens" (zelenaši), a Montenegrin separatist movement which sided with the Yugoslav Federalist Party. During this time, he cooperated frequently with Croatian politicians such as Stjepan Radić, Vlatko Maček, and Ante Pavelić, with whom he became good friends. In the mid-1920s, Drljević founded the Montenegrin Federalist Party. He quickly became the party's sole leader and foremost theoretician.

He expressed support for the unity of Yugoslavia and stressed Montenegro's loyalty to Serbian nationhood, but argued that a nation did not necessarily need to be part of a single state and hinted that he would support the restoration of Montenegro's independence. Consequently, the "Greens" demanded that Yugoslavia's internal boundaries be organized to match the borders of the Balkan states as they were prior to 1918.

Drljević and Mihailo Ivanović had first attempted to found the Montenegrin Party for the 1920 election of a Constitutional Assembly, but were unable to do so due to a lack of time and resistance by the authorities. Drljević ran unsuccessfully for the Montenegrin Federalist Party in the 1923 elections in both the counties of Nikšić and Kolašin. He ran again in Kolašin in 1925 and was elected to the National Assembly. In 1927, Drljević was elected representative of the Zemun District on the electoral list of the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS). Afterwards, he helped solve a political rift between Radić and Serb politician Svetozar Pribićević, resulting in the formation of an HSS–Democratic Party coalition. The following year, Drljević unsuccessfully attempted to dissuade Radić from attending the National Assembly of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes prior to his assassination by Serb politician Puniša Račić.

Montenegrin leader
On 6 April 1941, Axis forces invaded Yugoslavia. Montenegro was invaded by the forces of Germany and Italy, with the Germans attacking from Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Italians from Albania. The Germans later withdrew, leaving the Italians to occupy the area. In the western portion of Yugoslavia, Pavelić, who had been in exile in Benito Mussolini's Italy, was appointed Poglavnik (leader) of an Ustaše-led Croatian state – the Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH). The NDH combined almost all of modern-day Croatia, all of modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina and parts of modern-day Serbia into an "Italian-German quasi-protectorate". NDH authorities, led by the Ustaše Militia, subsequently implemented genocidal policies against the Serb, Jewish and Romani population living within the borders of the new state.

The creation of an Axis puppet-state known as the Kingdom of Montenegro was proclaimed on 12 July 1941. The state was to be headed by an Italian regent and led by Drljević and his supporters. By 13 July, this proclamation prompted the outbreak of an anti-Italian uprising in Montenegro led by local communists (Partisans) and Serb nationalists (Chetniks). Having assumed power the previous day, Drljević established the Provisional Administrative Committee of Montenegro, a collaborationist entity which was a territorial component of the Italian Empire. He also organized his followers to fight against Montenegrin Chetniks and the Yugoslav Partisans. In September, he was dismissed from office by the Italians.

Believing his life was endangered by the revolt, they sent him to an internment camp in Italy. The idea of an independent Montenegro was abandoned, and the Italians opted for a military governorate. Several months later, Drljević escaped and smuggled himself into the German-controlled area of the NDH. With the surrender of Italy in September 1943, he moved back to Zemun. In the summer of 1944 Drljević relocated to Zagreb, where he created a Montenegrin State Council in the NDH with the assistance of the Germans and Croats. He also published a pamphlet in Zagreb titled Who are the Serbs? (Tko su Srbi?). In it, he blamed supposedly "aggressive" Serb policies for all past and modern problems in the Balkans, presented ethnic Serbs as a "degenerate race" and pointed out their similarities with Jews.

Following the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, Drljević had become a proponent of the theory that Montenegrins were an ethnic group distinct from Serbs. As early as 1921, he had stated that Serbian and Montenegrin "mentalities" were diametrically opposed. He stated: "The mentalities of Serbians and Montenegrins are irreconcilable. The visage of the former was speckled with [Ottoman] slavery; liberty gave the latter a new visage." It was not until 1941 that Drljević advanced the notion that Montenegrins were not Slavs at all, but Dinaric people descended from the ancient Illyrians. He wrote:"Races are communities of blood, whereas people are creatures of history. With their language, the Montenegrin people belong to the Slavic linguistic community. By their blood, however, they belong [to the Dinaric peoples]. According to the contemporary science of European races, [Dinaric] peoples are descended from the Illyrians. Hence, not just the kinship, but the identity of certain cultural forms among the Dinaric peoples, all the way from Albanians to South Tyroleans, who are Germanized Illyrians."

Retreat and death
In the spring of 1945, Drljević visited parts of Montenegro held by the Chetniks of Pavle Đurišić. It was here that Đurišić made a safe-conduct agreement with Drljević and with elements of the Armed Forces of the NDH. Although the details of the agreement are unknown, it appears to have been agreed that Đurišić and his men were to move into the NDH and cross the Sava River into Slavonia where they would be aligned with Drljević as the Montenegrin National Army, with Đurišić retaining operational command. Suspicious of Drljević's intentions, Đurišić tried to outwit him and his forces by sending only his sick and wounded across the Sava, keeping his fit troops south of the river. Following his defeat at the Battle of Lijevče Field, north of Banja Luka, and the defection of one of his sub-units to Drljević, Đurišić was forced to negotiate directly with the leaders of the NDH forces about the further movement of his units towards Slovenia. This appears to have been a trap, as he was attacked and captured by them on his way to the meeting. On 17 April 1945, after he returned to Zagreb, Drljević issued a proclamation with his political program and invited his "army" to fight both new Yugoslavia and Chetniks of Draža Mihailović. On 20 April, Đurišić, Petar Baćović, Dragiša Vasić and Zaharije Ostojić were taken to the Stara Gradiška prison, near Jasenovac.

The Ustaše gathered them in a field alongside 5,000 other Chetnik prisoners and arranged for Drljević and his followers to select 150 Chetnik officers and non-combatant intellectuals for execution. Đurišić, Baćović, Vasić and Ostojić were amongst those selected. They and the others were loaded onto boats by the Ustaše and taken across the Sava River, where they were killed either in the Jasenovac concentration camp itself or in a nearby marsh. Both the NDH forces and Drljević had reasons for ensnaring Đurišić. The NDH forces were motivated by the mass terror committed by Đurišić on the Muslim population in Sandžak and southeastern Bosnia while Drljević was opposed to Đurišić's support of a union of Serbia and Montenegro which ran counter to Drljević's separatism. Left without a leader, the majority of Đurišić's men were integrated into Drljević's Montenegrin National Army and withdrew with him towards the Austrian border.

In the second half of May, the troops of the Montenegrin National Army surrendered to the British and were quickly turned back into Yugoslavia and into the hands of the communists. Drljević managed to evade capture, and he and his wife sought refuge at a camp for displaced persons in the Austrian town of Judenburg. On 10 November 1945, three of Đurišić's followers discovered them there and murdered them by slitting their throats.

Legacy
In 1944, Drljević rearranged the lyrics of the Montenegrin patriotic song "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" to celebrate the creation of the Montenegrin puppet regime that had been established in July 1941. He was declared a war criminal at the Nuremberg Trials in 1946. When "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" was chosen as the national anthem of Montenegro in 2006 with Drljević's additions intact, many Montenegrin antifascists protested the selection due to its fascist connotations.

Works

 * Borba za carinsku, vojnu i diplomatsku uniju između Crne Gore i Srbije (1914) (A battle for a custom, military and diplomatic union between Montenegro and Serbia)
 * Centralizam ili federalizam (1926) (Centralism or federalism)
 * Balkanski sukobi 1905–1941 (1944) (Balkan conflicts 1905–1941)
 * Tko su Srbi? (1944) (Who are the Serbs)

title: Sekula Drljević


text:
Candy (1968 film)

Candy is a 1968 sex farce film directed by Christian Marquand from a screenplay by Buck Henry, based on the 1958 novel of the same name by Terry Southern and Mason Hoffenberg, itself based on Voltaire's 1759 novel Candide. The film satirizes pornographic stories through the adventures of its naive heroine, Candy, played by Ewa Aulin. It stars Charles Aznavour, Marlon Brando, Richard Burton, James Coburn, John Huston, Walter Matthau, and Ringo Starr. Popular figures such as Sugar Ray Robinson, Anita Pallenberg, Florinda Bolkan, Marilù Tolo, Nicoletta Machiavelli, Umberto Orsini, and Enrico Maria Salerno also appear in cameo roles.

Plot
While in her father's social sciences class, high school student Candy Christian awakens from a daydream where she seemingly descends to Earth from space. Following a poetry recital at Candy's school, eccentric Welsh poet MacPhisto offers her a ride home in his limousine. En route, MacPhisto forces himself on her but is unable to proceed after becoming too inebriated. With the help of her Mexican gardener, Emmanuel, Candy takes MacPhisto inside in order to help him out of his liquor-soaked clothes. In the basement, MacPhisto drunkenly recites poetry while humping a mannequin, inciting Emmanuel to sexually assault Candy. Scandalized upon walking in on the scene, Candy's uptight father decides to send her away to live with his twin brother Jack and his wife Livia in New York City.

At the airport, the family is accosted by Emmanuel's three vengeful sisters, who accuse Candy of corrupting their brother. During the scuffle, Candy's father is rendered unconscious due to a head injury. The Christians escape by boarding a military plane commanded by General Smight. In exchange for a blood transfusion for her father, General Smight orders Candy to undress, intending to impregnate her. Meanwhile, he accidentally pushes the button that signals his paratroopers to leap from the plane. Realizing this, General Smight jumps as well, only to slip out of his parachute harness.

Upon landing in New York, Dr. Krankheit meticulously performs surgery on Candy's father in front of an audience. When Uncle Jack attempts to seduce Candy during a post-operative cocktail party, the hospital's executive director, Dr. Dunlap, berates her for her perceived lewd behavior, causing her to faint. Dr. Krankheit takes Candy to another room and tricks her into sex by pretending to examine her. While searching for her father, Candy wanders back into the operating room to find that Dr. Krankeit has branded all the nurses with his initials, as he prepares to do so to Livia. When he attempts to have Candy captured so that she is next, she flees the hospital.

Roaming the streets of Manhattan, Candy ends up in a Sicilian bar in Greenwich Village, where she is beset by a group of mobsters. An offbeat underground filmmaker, Jonathan J. John, then takes her into the men's room and shoots her for a film. As the room floods due to broken pipes, two policemen arrive and assault Jonathan, whereupon a drenched Candy escapes. In Central Park, she meets a hunchback who takes her into a deserted mansion later that night. A gang of thieves walk in and proceed to ransack the place, while the hunchback rapes Candy on top of a grand piano. After arresting Candy, the two policemen maliciously plan to frisk her. However, they lose control of their squad car and crash into a club full of drag queens. As mayhem ensues, Candy escapes again.

The next morning, Candy hitches a ride in the back of a semi-trailer truck, which turns out to be the sanctum of Grindl, a sham guru. He teaches her the "seven stages of enlightenment" as a pretext to have sex with her. After several days on the road, Grindl informs Candy that a different guru will guide her through the rest of her journey. Upon arrival in California, Candy is chased through the desert by the New York police officers, but she manages to outwit them. Shortly thereafter, Candy finds her new guru—a robed figure with a toucan on his shoulder, his face covered with white clay. She follows him into an underground Hindu temple, which then partially collapses due to a cataclysm. As the two proceed to have sex, the guru's face is washed clean and Candy is shocked to discover he is actually her brain-damaged father.

As Candy wanders across a field—surrounded by flapping banners and hippies playing music—she revisits many of the characters she met throughout the film, before finally returning to outer space.

Production
Coburn said, "That film could have been a lot more funny. Unfortunately, the director's timing was of a European nature. The jokes were always a beat behind. They were often a beat off. When you do comedy, you've got to be fast. I think (star) Ewa Aulin only did two films after Candy. Then she married an Italian count or baron. That was also the only film that I made any money on. I had a percentage of the profits. Marlon Brando and Richard Burton had the same deal. It's very unusual for an actor to see anything extra. Of course, that was before the studios set up their Chinese bookkeeping system (laughs)."

Regarding the scene where Grindl attempts to seduce Candy, production manager Gray Frederickson said that Marlon Brando actually tried to have sex with Ewa Aulin for real on camera.

Reception
Candy was one of many psychedelic films that emerged as the 1960s ended, along with Yellow Submarine, The Trip, Psych-Out, and Head. The film opened to moderate box office, but later became a cult classic from the psychedelic years of film. It was the 18th highest-grossing film of 1968.

According to Variety, the film earned North American rentals of $7.3 million, but because of costs (including over $1 million paid out in participation fees), recorded an overall loss of $25,000. It was the 12th most popular film at the UK box office in 1969.

Reviews were generally positive with a few misgivings. In a review representative of most professional reviewers at the time, Roger Ebert found it "a lot better than you might expect" but missed the "anarchy, the abandon, of Terry Southern's novel". Renata Adler of The New York Times decried "its relentless, crawling, bloody lack of talent".

John Simon wrote, "If you know someone you want to start the new year as nauseated as possible, send him to see Candy."

In 1969, the film earned Aulin a nomination for New Star of the Year – Actress at the 26th Golden Globe Awards.

The film's soundtrack included "Rock Me", an original song from Steppenwolf which became a top-10 success for the band in the spring of 1969.

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 40% based on 10 reviews, with an average rating of 6.6/10.

Home media
Candy was released on DVD by Anchor Bay on April 10, 2001, as a region 1 widescreen DVD, and was released on Blu-ray by Kino Lorber on May 17, 2016, as a region A widescreen Blu-ray.

title: Candy (1968 film)


text: Category:748 deaths

title: Category:748 deaths


text:
Vector algebra

In mathematics, vector algebra may mean:
 * The operations of vector addition and scalar multiplication of a vector space
 * The algebraic operations in vector calculus (vector analysis) – including the dot and cross products of 3-dimensional Euclidean space
 * Algebra over a field – a vector space equipped with a bilinear product
 * Any of the original vector algebras of the nineteenth century, including
 * Quaternions
 * Tessarines
 * Coquaternions
 * Biquaternions
 * Hyperbolic quaternions

title: Vector algebra


text:
User:DV8 2XL

The short reason why I stopped editing at Wikipedia is simply that it was no longer any fun. Scanning my watch list, reverting vandals, cruft patrol, and troll abatement had become just another duty that had to be performed in a duty-filled day. Creating new content, the reason I joined the project, had become more the exception than the rule. Now that I have been away from the wiki for a few months I've had time to gather my thoughts on just why I had to leave and why I won't be going back anytime soon.

As Jason Scott put it: "'...the content generators stop being so and have to become content defenders.'" the reason for this is that the more times one contributes a new article or makes significant contributions to existing ones, you become a stakeholder in those articles and by extension to the community of editors in those categories, and to the Wikipedia  project as a whole. Thus attacks on the integrity of an article, become attacks on your integrity as an editor and the editing circles that you belong to. Defending content from poor or malicious editing is in fact a defense of the relevancy of your own contributions.

Note I used the term 'stakeholder' rather that 'owner' and these shouldn't be confused. A stakeholder enjoys some of the benefits without the privileges of ownership but only by assuming most of the duties. The frustration arises when you find that despite this sense of responsibility, and despite the effort you have made, Wikipedia does not value you above some random anonymous first time contributor, or indeed any editor already under sanctions for bad behavior in the recent past. The stock answer is that Wikipedia has been constituted as egalitarian effort and rules and policies are in place to deal with malicious and unacceptable editing; but therein lies the problem, the rules and policies are very hard to enforce. In fact they are exhausting to enforce and that is why conscientious editors leave. That is why I left. Worse, the more effort that is made to defend the integrity of the Project, the more valuable a target for exploitation by malicious editors it becomes.

Surprisingly (some would say perversely) Wikipedia is seen as reliable because many of the traditional authoritative channels are perceived to have been compromised or not updated frequently enough in areas subject to rapid change. For example, while it is premature to declare that the peer-review system in traditional journal publishing is in trouble, the fact remains that there have been some spectacular and very public failures. If we add to this the fact that the formal language and specialized vocabulary of academic papers may be obscure to those outside the field (in fact in some cases obscure even to those only a few degrees removed from the subject) and take into account as well the appearance of several journals with all the trappings of a traditional publication, but covering areas well outside the mainstream, it is unsurprising that mere publication in and of itself is no longer seen as a guarantor of legitimacy. While arguably those in the fields in question can make a distinction when they need to, there exists a constituency of those whose opinions carry weight that may not. Also, the Internet has made it possible to appeal directly to the general public for funds in a way impossible in the not so distant past, ether by the sale of books or by donation. In both cases these people have been turning to Wikipedia, first because by its nature an encyclopedia distills complex subjects down to a explanations that are accessible to a wide audience, secondly because Wikipedia's system of self-policing is widely viewed as less subject to being biased than those of other sources. This being the case, any idea that is seen to survive the process immediately gains status and a cachet of legitimacy that it might not otherwise have if it was limited to some obscure journal, or was being disseminated from a single website. As a bonus Wikipedia's many mirrors raises the Google rank of key terms, also adding to the ideas perceived importance.

This of course is not limited to mountebanks, there exists a class of editor so driven by ideological agendas that they simply will not recognize Wikipedia's Neutral Point of View Policy or seem to believe that it means that it guarantees uncritical place for their interpretations regardless of how flimsy the supporting facts or underlying logic might be. Worse, after an exhausting effort to bring these under control in a few months a fresh batch of POV pushers, unrelated to the first, show up to the same topics and the process must begin again from scratch. There is also the problem of the more traditional (read: deluded) crank with pet theories and a very superficial understanding of the field, to say nothing of their disciples. A few months before I left I was treated to the spectacle of no less than six editors claiming Phds trying to reason one of these idiots out of his notions of the existence of a ceramic gas, and thinking what waste of talent. In the end the crank had to be brought before ArbCom and was subsequently barred, but only after tying up mine and several other editors time for months. Undaunted, this individual has opened several sockpuppet accounts and continues to push his ideas on the same pages he was barred from. The fiction is that these people need to be educated in the ways of the 'pedia - the truth is that by in large they are beyond redemption because they are parasites, scofflaws or insane.

Passing mention of other irritants include those that feel the need to 'polish' otherwise stable articles with bad grammar and oversimplifications; editors for whom English is a second tongue but have no grasp of this language's idiom making a stand on what they perceive the meaning to be; link spammers, viral marketeers, and astroturfers; and of course the constant drizzle of schoolboy vandalism.

Now this will probably be seen as the usual parting rant of a burnout with an overinflated idea of his own worth and the importance of his contributions, and I'm willing to admit there might be some truth to that view. The grim fact however is that the sandbaggers (because that is in essence what we are) are losing ground because the burnouts are not being replaced in the ranks of the content defenders fast enough to offset the influx of bad editors. Over my last last six months as an active editor it has only been by each of us taking on more work that we have kept our heads above water in the science and technology sectors alone. It is glaringly apparent to me that eventually these matters will be addressed simply because there will be no other option, the only questions are how much damage will be done in the interim and how draconian will the new policies have to be.

I have read some of the suggestions for change that have been put forward, by in large these tend to throw the baby out with the bathwater. Wikipedia is what it is because of the rules and policies now in place; that means all the good along with the bad, and despite the issues discussed here there is far much more good. Thus ideally, any changes should have a minimum impact on regular users and editors, yet allow the worst of the problems to be brought swiftly under control. One thing that works very well, albeit slowly, in dealing with problematic editors is ArbCom. Naturally as a court of last resort that is involved largely with serious charges of rule-breaking, cases that wind up there are complex and thus require careful and lengthy examination of the evidence. However all of the conflicts that I have been involved in, that wound up at ArbCom, started as content disputes that escalated. Looking back on many other cases that have gone to ArbCom it's apparent that this is the situation in for most of them, and in the overwhelming bulk of those there was an apparent violation of basic policy, like one of the Three Pillars, or What Wikipedia is Not. Had evidence been presented then and there a ruling could have been made and it would have been over. Some of these were clear issues of NPOV violations, yet the bickering went on for months until it got to the point where behavior problems broke out and it was on these that it went to arbitration.

I submit that the present system of dispute resolution is is quite simply overwhelmed which results in disputes escalating far beyond the point where they need to be, thus becoming far more complex to sort out than they have to be. The solution, as I see it, is to create a much larger pool of arbitrators who would accept cases earlier in the conflict, and expand the purview of arbitration to include violations of basic policy.

The big advantage to this idea is that it leaves the general structure of Wikipedia in place. Other advantages are: It can be implemented on a trial bases, if it doesn't work out the whole thing can be dissolved at the whim of Jimbo Wales and things will go on as before; it will reduce the impact of disruptive and malicious editors before they cause an escalation of conflict (almost necessary now to get them in front of ArbCom); it will support and encourage the sandbaggers that are trying to defend the integrity of the wiki with hobbles on.

DV8 2XL

Aug 2006

title: User:DV8 2XL


text: Category:Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference


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Golden Gate Quartet

The Golden Gate Quartet (a.k.a. The Golden Gate Jubilee Quartet) is an American vocal group. It was formed in 1934 and, with changes in membership, remains active.

Origins and early career
The group was founded as the Golden Gate Jubilee Singers in 1934, by four students at Booker T. Washington High School in Norfolk, Virginia. According to the group's website, the original members were Willie Johnson (baritone; d. 1980), William Langford (tenor; d. 1970), Henry Owens (second tenor; d. 1970) and Orlandus Wilson (bass; 1917–1998); other sources state that Langford and Wilson replaced earlier members Robert "Peg" Ford and A.C. "Eddie" Griffin in 1935.

From 1935, the group sang in churches and on local radio, gaining a regular spot on radio station WIS in Columbia, South Carolina in 1936. They began as a traditional jubilee quartet, combining the clever arrangements associated with barbershop quartets with rhythms borrowed from the blues and jazz like scat singing. They developed a broad repertoire of styles – from Owens' mournful, understated approach in songs such as "Anyhow" or "Hush, Somebody's Calling My Name", to the group's highly syncopated arrangements in "Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego". Like The Mills Brothers in popular music, they would often include vocal special effects in their songs, imitating train sounds in songs such as "Golden Gate Gospel Train". Langford often sang lead, using his ability to range from baritone to falsetto, while Johnson narrated in a hip syncopated style that became the hallmark for the group. Wilson's bass served as the anchor for the group and Owens harmonized with Langford and Johnson.

In 1937 they moved to station WBT in Charlotte, North Carolina, and soon afterwards won a contract with Bluebird Records. After their first recording session on August 14, 1937, in which they recorded 14 songs in two hours, they were contracted to record 12 tracks per year. In 1938, they were recruited by John Hammond to appear at the first From Spirituals To Swing concert held at Carnegie Hall in New York City, after which their popularity grew. An example of their output during this popular period includes a 1938 recording of 'John the Revelator' being inducted into the National Recording Registry in 2005. They stayed in New York and were signed up for a residency at the Cafe Society nightclub. As well as performing and recording gospel songs they also recorded some secular songs for RCA Records, who were intending to bill them as "The Four Chocolate Bars", but the recordings were not released. In 1939, William Langford left the group to form a new group, the Southern Sons; he was replaced by Clyde Riddick (1913–1999).

The 1940s and 1950s
In 1940 the group signed a new contract with Columbia Records' subsidiary Okeh label, and shortened their name to the Golden Gate Quartet. They soon had a nationwide radio program and the opportunity to sing at Franklin Delano Roosevelt's inauguration in 1941, becoming the first black musical group to sing at Constitution Hall and later performing several times at the White House. They continued to be popular during World War Two, making several appearances in Hollywood films and singing secular music, including some unique popular front songs such as "Stalin Wasn't Stallin'" that mixed humor with political commentary. The Quartet appeared in films such as Star Spangled Rhythm (1942), Hit Parade of 1943 (1943), Hollywood Canteen (1944), and the Danny Kaye film A Song Is Born (1948). In the latter film, they performed the songs "Joshua Fit the Battle of Jericho" and part of "A Song Is Born" with Louis Armstrong and Virginia Mayo.

Johnson was called into the US Navy in 1943, followed by Wilson in 1944; they were temporarily replaced by Cliff Givens – who later left to join firstly The Ink Spots and then Billy Ward and His Dominoes – and Alton Bradley. The group moved first to the main Columbia record label and then, in 1948, to Mercury Records. Johnson left in 1948 to join The Jubalaires, and was replaced by Orville Brooks (1919–1997).

The quartet lost their pre-eminent position in gospel music after the war, when they faced competition from the newer hard gospel quartets. They continued in their old style, offering sharper political commentary in songs such as "God's Gonna Cut You Down", but losing much of their audience to quartets such as the Dixie Hummingbirds and the Soul Stirrers. Henry Owens left in 1950 to become a preacher and solo artist. Alton Bradley returned to replace him, but then left in 1952 when he was replaced by Eugene Mumford (1925–1977), previously of The Larks.

The Golden Gates revived their career in 1955, however, when they toured Europe for the first time, where they became widely popular. The group moved to Paris in 1959 and has continued touring, primarily in Europe, since then. During his stint in the US Army, in Germany, Elvis Presley, who was a huge admirer of their work since his early childhood, visited them backstage at Le Casino in Paris, and stayed to watch their entire show, staying also with them at the hotel Prince de Galles. Presley recorded a version of their popular "Swing Down Chariot" that appeared on his His Hand in Mine gospel album. During this time there were further personnel changes: Orville Brooks left and was replaced by Franck Todd and later in turn by Caleb Ginyard (1910–1978), and Eugene Mumford was replaced by Clyde Wright (born May 1, 1928, Charlotte, North Carolina).

Since the 1950s, the group has been primarily based in Europe. They toured widely in the late 1950s, including US State Department-sponsored tours around the world. In 1959, the group started a two-year residency at the Casino de Paris.

Later activities
The group made their first tour of Africa in 1962, and during the early 1960s gradually expanded their accompanying band to incorporate guitar, piano, bass and drums. Through the 1960s they toured widely in Europe, with a long-established line-up of Orlandus Wilson, Clyde Riddick, Caleb Ginyard, and Clyde Wright. In 1971, Ginyard and Wright left, and were replaced by Paul Brembly (the great-nephew of Orlandus Wilson) and Calvin Williams. Wright returned to the group in 1985 to replace Williams, who returned to the US.

Bill "Willie" Johnson worked with Eugene Mumford and Cliff Givens in his own version of The Golden Gate Quartet in the late '70s out of the Los Angeles area, most notably appearing on Ry Cooder's "Jazz" album, and appearing with Cooder in his 1978 "Soundstage" performance, with Givens, Pico Payne, and Jimmy Adams (though Johnson didn't use the group name in these particular appearances).

The group undertook a 60th anniversary world tour in 1994. Riddick remained with the group until his retirement in 1995, and Wilson, the last surviving member of the original group, until his death in 1998. Riddick was replaced by Frank Davis. Wright was replaced by Charles West (Nephew to Wilson) of Portsmouth, VA. The position of bass singer has in recent years been filled by Thierry Fred François, Richard Phillips, and, since 2005, by Anthony Gordon.

Recognition
In his 1978 album , musician Michel Jonasz used excerpts from their recording of "Joshua Fit the Battle of Jericho" to mix into the song "Golden Gate".

The Golden Gate Quartet was inducted into The Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1998.

A sample of the group's recording of "Jezebel" would serve as the basis for the Recoil song of the same name, appearing on their 2000 album Liquid.

In his 2011 album So Beautiful or So What, musician Paul Simon used excerpts from their 1938 recording of "Golden Gate Gospel Train" to mix into the song "Love & Blessings". In addition, the group's music was also featured in the video game Battlefield: Bad Company.

Current members

 * Paul Brembly – (born 1950)
 * Terry François – (born 1968)
 * Timothy Riley
 * Frank Davis

Past members

 * Calvin Williams – (1921–2010)
 * William Langford – (1909–1969)
 * Henry Owens- (†1970)
 * Eugene Mumford – (1925–1977)
 * J. Caleb Ginyard – (1910–1978)
 * Willie Johnson – (†1980)
 * Joe Johnson – (1914–1984)
 * Clifford Givens – (1918–1989)
 * Orville Brooks – (1919–1997)
 * Orlandus Wilson – (1917–1998)
 * Clyde Riddick – (1913–1999)
 * Clyde Wright – (birth in 1928)
 * Richard Phillips – (birth in 1943)
 * Bill Bing – (December 22, 1922 – January 23, 2014)
 * Charles West (?)
 * Alton Bradley (†)
 * Frank Todd (1933–2016)
 * Anthony L. Gordon (born 1957)

Selected singles

 * Bluebird 7564: "Pure Religion" / "Remember Me" (both recorded January 24, 1938)
 * Okeh 6713: "Comin' in on a Wing and a Prayer" (recorded May 1943) / "Run On" (recorded March 1942)
 * Okeh 6741: "I Will Be Home Again" / "The General Jumped at Dawn" (both sides recorded March 16, 1945)
 * Columbia 37236: "Atom and Evil" / "Shadrach" (both recorded June 5, 1946)

Selected albums

 * 2010 – Incredible
 * 2003 – The Good Book
 * 2003 – Gospel Train
 * 1999 – Our Story
 * 1997 – The Very Best of the Golden Gate Quartet
 * 1961 – Negro Spirituals
 * 1957 – That Golden Chariot
 * 1956 – The Golden Gate Quartet [Camden]
 * 1950 – The Golden Gate Spirituals
 * 1949 – Joshua fit the battle

title: Golden Gate Quartet


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User:CXI/PointlessGreetingVariationTemplate/Friday

Hola


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Talk:Ork (warhammer 40000)

from VfD:

Contents merged with Orc (Warhammer), page now obsolete. AtonX 14:52, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep as a redirect to Orc (Warhammer). - SimonP 17:12, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete: Why redirect except to prevent recreation? Anyone who types in "(warhammer 40000)" already knows to look in Warhammer 40000 (and, in fact, the redirect is even worse, since it's improperly capitalized).  Geogre 22:34, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to preserve edit history and prevent recreation. Kappa 03:47, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * del. Mikkalai 08:59, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect. Edit history needs to be preserved in order to credit the original writers. -[[User:Aranel|Aranel (" Sarah ")]] 20:25, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. The Recycling Troll 21:15, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

title: Talk:Ork (warhammer 40000)


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Thurs

Thurs may refer to:

 * Thurs, an entity from Germanic mythology. See Jötunn.
 * Thurisaz (rune) ᚦ
 * An abbreviation for Thursday
 * Thurs, a math-statistical function

Турсы

title: Thurs


text: User:CXI/PointlessGreetingVariationTemplate


text:
Barrow Raiders

The Barrow Raiders are a professional rugby league team in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. The club play home games at Craven Park and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Barrow have never won the League Championship, their only major honour being winning the Challenge Cup in 1955.

Traditionally the club's home colours are blue and white and main rivals are fellow semi-professional Cumbrian teams Whitehaven and Workington Town.

Early years
Barrow Football Club was formed in 1875 and played its first home game on 4 December of that year against the Royal Grammar School, Lancaster, at Cavendish Park on Barrow Island, then home to the town's cricket club. It is thought that Tom H. Baynes, a shipping clerk, was the driving force behind the club's foundation. As well as being a player, he was probably also the first Barrow team coach. Early practice matches games were played in "a field loaned by a local farmer" as well as the Parade Ground and the aforementioned Cavendish Park.

At the 1883 annual general meeting, Cavendish Park got the vote over the Parade Ground as a permanent home on account of its better playing surface. The first grandstand there was erected in 1893, and another one in 1893.

In April 1897, the team switched from rugby union to rugby league following a unanimous vote at the club. Barrow joined the Second Division of the Lancashire Senior Competition and became champions in their first season. They lost a test match against Morecambe, the bottom club in the First Division, however, and failed to gain promotion. They were eventually promoted at the end of the 1899–1900 season, by defeating Tyldesley in the test match.

In 1908, the club nearly doubled their attendance record to 12,000 in a third round Challenge Cup match against Hunslet.

In 1914, Cavendish Park was requisitioned by the authorities for the war effort. Barrow moved to Little Park, Roose, three miles from the centre of town. The first match there was a 31–2 victory over Bramley. The league at this time was suspended and clubs were forced to arrange their own fixtures in an unofficial war league. Boosted by an influx of players and spectators into the local shipyards for war production, Barrow became one of the dominant teams of the war period, winning the unofficial championship title in 1917–18 losing just twice in 22 matches.

Interwar Period and move to Craven Park
After World War I, Barrow had mixed fortunes and when the league resumed in 1919–20, they managed to finish fifth. However, over the next decade, despite having several county and national players, Barrow's form suffered and its league position was poor.

In 1929, it had been realised that rugby league in Barrow was approaching a precarious period, as the attendances at Little Park were gradually decreasing. This was in part due to industrial depression but also Little Park's location. The directors made an appeal to the town, and approached the mayor, Alderman John Whinnerah who was to be an ardent supporter. Commander G. W. Craven, a local war hero, started an appeal fund with a donation of £500. In a short time the club bought a central site, where the Jute Works stood for £2,500. Craven Park was built in 1931, largely as a result of the efforts of supporters, 500 of whom volunteered to construct the ground. The total cost of the building project came to £7,500 (based on increases in average earnings, this would be approximately £1,251,000 in 2013).

1937–38 saw Barrow reach the finals of the Lancashire County Cup for the first time, losing narrowly 4–8 to Warrington. That season was a time of great opportunity for the Barrow team but was to end in disappointment. After playing seven matches in just ten days, they lost 7–4 to Salford in the final of the Challenge Cup at Wembley; they also lost in the Championship play-off semi-final 13–7 against Hunslet. A new attendance record was set in that season – 21,651 in the Good Friday game against Salford.

Post Second World War

Barrow dropped out of the wartime Lancashire league in 1940–41, they did not return to league competition until 1945–46. As many of the pre-war players had retired, this was an era of rebuilding and recruiting.

The 1950s were the club's heyday. The team was captained by Willie Horne and Barrow appeared no less than three times at Wembley. On 5 May 1951, Barrow made their second appearance at Wembley and were beaten 10–0 by Wigan. On Saturday 27 October 1951 13,319 spectators were at Barrow to watch the home side beat New Zealand 9–5. On 30 April 1955, Barrow made their third appearance at Wembley. This time, they won the Challenge Cup 21–12 against Workington Town, later that year they added the Lancashire Cup after a 12–2 win over Oldham.

On 11 May 1957, Barrow played again in the Challenge Cup final at Wembley against Leeds and were narrowly beaten 9–7. 1957 signalled the end of the golden era of the club and most of the star players retired after this time.

The league split into two divisions in 1961–62 and because of a poor finish in the previous season, Barrow was forced to play in the second division.

In 1963, Jim Challinor moved to Barrow and became their player-coach.

Their last appearance at Wembley Stadium was in 1967, where they were strongly tipped to win the Challenge Cup final again, but were beaten by Featherstone Rovers 17–12. A crowd of 77,000 paid a then record £54,435 to watch the game (based on increases in average earnings, this would be approximately £1,625,000 in 2013).

1973 saw Barrow appoint former player, Frank Foster, as coach. He built a side which won the Second Division championship in 1975–76 and reached a John Player Trophy final in 1981 only to lose 5–12 to Warrington. Phil Hogan was transferred to Hull Kingston Rovers in 1978 for a then world record fee of £33,000 (based on increases in average increases, this would be approximately £249,700 in 2013).

Barrow fluctuated between divisions but had three consecutive years in the top flight between 1980 and 1983. Frank Foster was eventually replaced by Tommy Dawes in 1983.

The season 1983–84 saw Barrow win the Second Division title and the Lancashire Cup against favourites Widnes 12–8. The entire Barrow team was inducted into the Barrow Hall of Fame in 2003. Tommy Dawes, despite his initial success, was sacked in 1985.

In 1988–89, Australian Rod Reddy took on a player-coach role at Barrow in 1987. Barrow earned promotion to Division One but that campaign saw Barrow manage only one league win and suffer a club record 90–0 defeat at Leeds. Reddy was sacked and Denis Jackson took over as a caretaker coach for the rest of 1989–90.

After relegation in 1990, Barrow appointed a new coach in Steve Norton but finished 17th out of 21 in Division Two.

Summer era

In 1996, the first tier of British rugby league clubs played the inaugural Super League season and changed from a winter to a summer season. When the Super League competition had been proposed, part of the deal was that some traditional clubs would merge. Barrow were down to merge with Whitehaven, Workington Town and Carlisle to form a new club called Cumbria based in Workington which would compete in the Super League but ultimately this did not happen and Barrow were not part of the new competition.

Until 1995 the team was simply titled Barrow RLFC, but they adopted the nickname Barrow Braves to coincide with rugby league's switch to a summer season. Peter Roe was head coach for a 15-month period, ending in January 1996.

Barrow Border Raiders (1997–2002)
In 1997 they merged with Cumbrian rivals Carlisle to form Barrow Border Raiders. Carlisle's Paul Charlton became coach of the new team. The new team played all its matches in Barrow; the merger was essentially a financial arrangement only. Barrow enjoyed mixed fortunes under Paul Charlton with two top-ten finishes in the Northern Ford Premiership in 1999 and 2000, before the club's fortunes took a turn for the worse in the 2001 season, which resulted in Paul Charlton not being offered a new contract.Eskdale & Liddesdale Advertiser | Charlo bids for Barrow return In 2002, the Border part of the name, which was never particularly relevant to South Cumbria-based Barrow, was dropped.

Barrow Raiders (2002–2010)
Under Peter Roe's second spell at Craven Park, they were National League Two champions in 2004, their first trophy for 20 years. They were promoted to National League One. However, they were relegated back to National League Two at the end of the 2005 season after winning just one of their 18 matches. The financial situation at the club forced a review of the coaching structure and the position of head coach was made part-time and the club parted company with Peter Roe. In October 2005, local ex-player Paul Crarey was appointed as head coach. In his first season as coach of the Raiders he guided them to the National League Two play-offs on a very limited budget. After the end of the 2007 season, Paul Crarey controversially resigned from Barrow Raiders, after guiding them to a second successive play-off position.

Barrow had initially lined up former Widnes coach Steve McCormack to take over until he received an offer of a position with Super League club Hull KR. On Thursday 2 November 2007 Barrow Raiders announced that former player Welsh-born Aussie Dave Clarke would take over, with Dean Marwood as his assistant. On 23 August 2008, Raiders gained automatic promotion from National League Two by beating Swinton 12–32 to clinch second place in National League Two.

On 5 April 2009, a crowd of 6275 watched Barrow play Super League club Wigan in the best attended match in recent years. Barrow held out but were eventually defeated 32–20. On 21 July Despite the club being 2nd in the league and having made the Northern Rail Cup Final coach Dave Clarke stepped down and became assistant to new head coach Steve Deakin.

On 31 August 2009, after just 6 weeks in charge, Steve Deakin left the club and Dave Clarke reclaimed the head coach role, leading the club to the 2009 Co-Op Championship league leaders trophy and a grand final appearance versus Halifax. In the 2009 Co-Op Championship Grand Final, a 77th minute try settled the game and Barrow beat Halifax 26–18 to claim the Championship title..

Barrow finished fourth in 2010 with coach Steve McCormack leaving the club to take up a teaching post. After a lengthy search for a new coach, Barrow appointed Garry Schofield.

2011 season and relegation to Championship 1
Barrow's application to join the then franchised Super League, after their Championship Grand Final win in 2009, was rejected early in the 2011 season as it was deemed the club did not the meet minimum requirements.

Head Coach Schofield was sacked as coach after only five games in 2011 and his assistant Nigel Wright was appointed in his place. With 6 games to go in July Barrow sacked Nigel Wright and appointed former player Dave Clarke as their manager for the rest of the season.

Rule breaches and RFL charges
The on-field problems were matched by off-field difficulties, with the club accused of breaking salary cap rules. A 6-point deduction due to salary cap breaches in the 2010 season, ended any play off hope. At a tribunal in October 2011, claims that the club "systematically breached" the following three rules were upheld.

 * Rule C.1.1.7 – failing to record in player contracts all financial benefits or benefits in kind that a player is receiving;
 * Rule C.1.1.11 – no club or club official shall loan money or goods or make payment or provide any benefit in kind to a player unless they are recorded in the player's contract;
 * Rule D1.8 (f) – misconduct by committing a breach of Championship Salary Cap Regulations.

Their chairman, Des Johnston was banned from any involvement with Rugby League for 8 years and 29 points were deducted for the 2011 season, relegating them to the Co-operative Championship 1.

2012–2017
Success in Championship 1 during 2012 meant that Barrow were promoted directly back up to the Championship the following year. Unable to compete, and after narrowly avoiding relegation in 2013, they were once again relegated at the end of the 2014 season.

At the end of the 2014 season Paul Crarey was re-appointed head coach, replacing Bobbie Goulding. The former player had previously coached the team between 2005 and 2007.

The team strengthened on the field during three consecutive seasons in, the now renamed League 1 with improving table finishes (2015: 7th) (2016: 5th) (2017: 3rd)

On 27 May 2017, Barrow won the League 1 Cup after defeating North Wales Crusaders 38–32 at Bloomfield Road as an opener to the Summer Bash weekend. At the end of the 2017 season, Barrow secured promotion back to the Championship with a 10–6 play-off win against 2nd place Cumbrian rivals Whitehaven.

Return to the Championship (2018–2019)
Barrow achieved a better than expected start to the 2018 season with strong results on the field including holding League favourites Toronto to a draw. However, the club faced significant financial issues. For the second time in just over 5 years, chairman David Sharpe announced significant short term cash flow issues. Steve Neale replaced Sharpe as chairman stating that there was a "bright future for the club" after raising short term funds. Barrow finished their inaugural Championship season in 10th place avoiding risk of relegation.

The following season, Barrow were once again relegated to the RFL League 1 after a 68–2 defeat against Toronto Wolfpack on 1 September 2019.

Back in League 1 (2020–2021)
After relegation from the Championship in 2019, Barrow started their return to life in League 1 with a 32–22 victory over Doncaster on 1 March 2020.

On 16 March the structure and timing of the competition was placed in doubt as all rugby league games were suspended until 3 April at least as part of the United Kingdom's response to the coronavirus pandemic. The suspension of the season was extended to indefinite.

A discussion between the RFL and club officials in May saw seven of the 11 clubs reject a suggestion that the season could recommence with games being played behind closed doors. The RFL board met on 20 July and having consulted with the League 1 clubs decided to abandon the 2020 season as the majority of clubs did not support playing behind closed doors. At the date of suspension only two rounds of matches had been played and the season was declared null and void.

Championship return (2021–)
In the 2021 RFL League 1 season, Barrow finished top of the table and were promoted back to the Championship. On the final game of the season, against West Wales Raiders, Barrow won 76–0 after West Wales fielded a team which included several debutant players rather than forfeit the match for a 24–0 loss, though either result would have been enough to secure automatic promotion.

In the 2022 RFL Championship season, Barrow surprised many by finishing 4th on the table and qualifying for the playoffs. The club were eliminated in the first week of the playoffs by Batley.

Previous grounds (1875–1931)
Barrow played their first match in 1875 at Cavendish Park on Barrow Island, the then home of Barrow Cricket Club. The park had two suitable playing areas and until 1883 the new club used the Parade Ground, but then moved to the Athletic Ground as it had a better playing surface for rugby. A first grandstand was built in 1887 for the princely sum of less than £50 to the landlords, The Furness Railway Company. Another grandstand on the opposite side was finished in 1893. On 28 March 1908 a crowd of 12,000 crammed into the ground for a Challenge Cup tie against Hunslet. In 1914 the club decided to move away to Little Park in nearby Roose. In 1920, the club bought Little Park from Lord Richard Cavendish for £3,000 and in the following years put up two grandstands in 1921 and 1924. A record crowd of 12,214 was recorded against Oldham RLFC in a Challenge Cup game on 17 March 1923. Cavendish Park and the Parade Ground is now home to a fire station while the Athletic Ground is still used as community playing fields. Little Park was developed for housing.

Craven Park (1931–present day)
In 1928, the club's committee started to look for a site nearer to the town and found an area on Craven Park. After tipping more than 40,000 tons of fill onto the site previously a derelict Jute Works, reservoirs, railway tracks and mission hall the club moved their main stand from Little Park and built a new stand on Clive Street and officially moved in, in August 1931.

On 15 April 1938, the club's record attendance was established when 21,651 saw them play Salford. In February 1949, storms ripped the entire roof off the main stand and in the early 1950s concrete terracing replaced the old wooden railway sleepers. Floodlights were turned on in November 1966. The ground was renovated in 1991.

In 2015, the roof was removed from the terrace adjacent to Willie Horne Way. This was followed in 2021 with the removal of the condemned Hindpool Road end roof, leaving only two areas of cover in the ground. Plans were also unveiled for a marquee on the terrace next to the main stand.

Hall of Fame
The Barrow club launched its Hall of Fame in 2001 with 1950s legends Willie Horne, Phil Jackson and Jimmy Lewthwaite its inaugural inductees.

Past coaches
Also see Category:Barrow Raiders coaches.

 * Hector Halsall
 * Cec Thompson 1960–62
 * Frank Foster 1973–83
 * Tommy Dawes 1983–85
 * Tommy Bishop 1985
 * Ivor Kelland 1986–87
 * Dennis Jackson 1987
 * Rod Reddy 1988–89
 * Dennis Jackson 1989–90
 * Steve Norton 1990–93
 * Geoff Worrall 1993
 * Peter Roe 1994–96
 * Steve Hogan 1996
 * Peter Roe 2004–05
 * Paul Crarey 2006–07
 * Dave Clarke 2008
 * Steve Deakin 2009
 * Dave Clarke 2009
 * Steve McCormack 2010
 * Garry Schofield 2011
 * Nigel Wright 2011
 * Dave Clarke 2011
 * Darren Holt 2011–13
 * Anthony Murray 2013–14
 * Bobbie Goulding 2014
 * Paul Crarey 2014–present

League

 * Second Tier / Championship
 * Winners (3): 1975–76, 1983–84, 2009
 * RFL Championship Leaders' Shield
 * Winners (1): 2009

 * Third Tier / League 1
 * Winners (2): 2004, 2021*

Cups

 * Challenge Cup
 * Winners (1): 1954–55

 * Lancashire County Cup
 * Winners (2): 1954, 1983

 * League 1 Cup
 * Winners (1): 2017

Club records

 * Most tries in a game: 7 by Tee Ritson against West Wales Raiders 12 September 2021
 * Most goals in a game: 17 by Darren Carter against Nottingham City 27 November 1994
 * Most points in a game: 42 by Darren Carter against Nottingham City 27 November 1994
 * Most tries in a season: 50 by Jimmy Lewthwaite in 1956–57
 * Most goals in a season: 135 by Joe Ball in 1956–57
 * Most points in a season: 323 by Jamie Rooney in 2010
 * Most tries in a career: 352 by Jimmy Lewthwaite
 * Most goals in a career: 1,036 by Darren Holt
 * Most points in a career: 2,403 by Darren Holt

title: Barrow Raiders


text:
Talk:Guido Cavalcanti

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 15 February 2021 and 30 March 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Audreymccarthy.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 22:50, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

factual error
The image taken from Dante's Inferno does not show Virgilio and Guido Cavalcanti, but Dante and Virgilio talking to Cavalcante de' Cavalcanti, father of Guido, who is punished there with the heretics and atheists. Guido Cavalcanti was still alive at the time and Dante would not have been able to depict him in the Inferno.

Untitled
"Curiosities: One of his descendents, Felipe Cavalcanti, came to Brazil northwest to make the "New World" in 1550, married and became a large plantation owner(sugar industry). In the paradise, the Cavalcanti's became powerful and by the 2000's were more than 100.000 descendents. I'm one of them! Eduardo Cavalcanti de Mello"

I don't know who (200.141.138.142) introduced this statement, but this is against wiki regulations and I'm going to remove it. --Wikipedius 02:04, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

factual error
Guido Cavalcanti did NOT write prose on philosophy or oratory.

antecedent of "he"
The article section reads in part:

Cavalcanti was the son of Cavalcante de' Cavalcanti, a Guelph whom Dante condemns to torment in the sixth circle of his Inferno, where the heretics are punished. Unlike Dante, he was an atheist.

I do not understand which person is the antecedent of the "he" in "Unlike Dante, he was an atheist." Does this sentence refer to Guido Cavalcanti (the son) or Cavalcante de Cavalcanti (the father)?

Harrington (talk) 17:10, 28 November 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm from Italy and as far as i know the sentence refers to Guido Cavalcanti. Giovanni Boccaccio described him as "atheist" in one of his novels also. Joaquin008  ( talk ) 17:23, 28 November 2010 (UTC)

 * I confirm: "he" is Guido. I have now corrected the section. --Broletto (talk) 17:04, 27 December 2014 (UTC)

Recent edit 3.16.21
Here is a copy of one sentence I removed from "Legacy," in order to prevent repeated information. Dante calls him "mentor". In the Commedia he says through Oderisi da Gubbio that "...ha tolto l'uno a l'altro Guido / la gloria de la lingua" (Purgatory XI, 97-8): the verse of the latter, younger Guido (Cavalcanti) has surpassed that of the former, (Guido) Guinizzelli, the founder of Dolce Stil Novo. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Audreymccarthy (talk • contribs) 00:38, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Translation given for 1st Sonnet is very poor. Look at Ezra Pound's. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:6C54:7A00:9BC:A57D:BBEF:B65F:EF6 (talk) 20:30, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guido Cavalcanti


text:
Cidade Negra

Cidade Negra (Black City) is a Brazilian reggae band formed in 1986 in Rio de Janeiro. Their style is influenced by soul and rock music. Common themes of Cidade Negra songs include love and social issues.

History
The band reached success in 1991, with the album Lute pra Viver (Fight to Live), including the radio hit "Falar a Verdade". Ras Bernardo was the first vocalist.

Garrido at the time was the vocalist of Banda Bel. He entered in Cidade Negra after their second album, in 1993.

Formed in Baixada Fluminense, the band has placed hits in soap operas, like the frustrated remake of Irmãos Coragem, broadcast in Rede Globo in 1995.

In 2002, Cidade Negra recorded their first acoustic record, on MTV Brasil. Acústico MTV: Cidade Negra contained another radio hit, "Girassol". In this year, Garrido was presenter of two editions of Globo-Endemol's reality show Fama with Angélica.

In 2005, the group was nominated for Brazilian VMAs (VMB), for best video by viewers choice (Perto de Deus). They lost it to CPM 22's "Um Minuto para o Fim do Mundo". In 2006, celebrating twenty years of career, the group released the DVD Direto.

In 2007 Sony BMG did not renew their contract with the band, who soon found EMI Music to launch its newest project then the CD and DVD: Diversão, recorded at the Teatro Popular - Niterói, on August 16, 2007, released by the band. In April 2008, Toni Garrido announced his exit from the Cidade Negra, after fourteen years on the road.

In June 2008, Garrido undertook his last concert in the Festa Estadual do Leite Presidente Getúlio, Santa Catarina, on May 31. On June 13, Cidade Negra announced the new singer: Alexandre Massau, from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, ex-singer of Berimbrown and Preto Massa. On July 29, the group made its debut in the Festival de Inverno of Santos Dumont/MG.

Tony Garrido returned to the band on 24 January 2011.

Cidade Negra is currently recording a new CD.

Members

 * Toni Garrido - lead singer
 * Lazão - drums
 * Bino Farias - bass
 * Sérgio Yazbek - guitar
 * Alex Meireles - keyboard

Studio albums

 * (1990) Lute pra Viver
 * (1992) Negro no Poder
 * (1994) Sobre Todas as Forças
 * (1996) O Erê
 * (1998) Quanto Mais Curtido Melhor
 * (1999) Hits & Dubs
 * (2000) Enquanto o Mundo Gira
 * (2004) Perto de Deus
 * (2010) Que Assim Seja
 * (2012) Hei, Afro!

Live albums

 * (2002) Acústico MTV: Cidade Negra
 * (2006) Direto
 * (2007) Diversão

title: Cidade Negra


text:
Halfdan Cleve

Halfdan Cleve born Halfdan Klewe (5 October 1879 – 6 April 1951) was a Norwegian composer, and father or the pianist and composer Cissi Cleve.

Biography
Cleve was born and raised in Kongsberg, Norway. He lived some time in Germany. Some examples on his output as a composer are piano concertos, other piano works, and some chamber music. He was described as a child prodigy. He married pianist Berit Winderen (10 February 1878 – 23 September 1964) and they had four children.

Throughout his early childhood he was tutored with a firm hand by his father, the organist Andreas Johan Julius Klewe (1832–1903). A child prodigy, he made his first appearances on the concert stage at the age of five. The strictness of his training is exemplified by the fact that he was not allowed to play anything other than the works of Johann Sebastian Bach until he was sixteen. For the next three years his musical training was undertaken by Otto Winter-Hjelm, after which he studied in Berlin under Oscar Raif and the brothers Xaver and Philipp Scharwenka. In 1902, Cleve debuted his First Piano Concerto in Berlin. That same year, he married Berit Winderen, a student of Teresa Carreño, and made numerous concert appearances together, both in Norway and abroad. Cleve composed five piano concertos, a violin sonata, a piano quintet, songs with orchestral accompaniment and over one hundred piano pieces. In the last period of his life (1926–50), he worked as piano teacher at Music Conservatory in Oslo and died 1951 in Oslo.

Works

 * 1900: 7 Klaverstykker, op. 1
 * 1901: Klaverkonsert nr. 1, op. 3
 * 1904: Klaverkonsert nr. 2, op. 6
 * 1907: Klaverkonsert nr. 3, op. 9
 * 1908: Four songs with orchestra to palms by Olaf Schou, op. 11
 * 1912: Klaverkonsert nr. 4, op. 12
 * 1915: Klaverkonsert nr. 5, op. 20
 * 1931: Sonata for violin and piano, op. 21 (op. 33–36 is not released)

Discography

 * 1980: Halfdan Cleve, Einar Steen-Nøkleberg, New Symphony Orchestra of London, Roy Wales - Klaverkonsert Nr. 4 A-Moll / Klaversonate D-Moll - Etyde Fiss-Dur - Vårbølger Dess-Dur (Norsk Kulturråds Klassikerserie)
 * 1992: Halfdan Cleve, Geir Henning Braaten - Piano Works (Norsk Kulturråds Klassikerserie)
 * 2018: Ballade Tragica, Halfdan Cleve Chamber Works (SIMAX)

title: Halfdan Cleve


text:
West Acton tube station

West Acton is a London Underground station between Ealing Broadway and North Acton on the Ealing Broadway branch of the Central line, and is its only intermediate station. The station is a Grade II listed building. It is located in West Acton in Travelcard Zone 3. The station is close to North Ealing tube station on the Piccadilly line, 550 metres away at the western end of Queens Drive.

History
As Transport for London explains: On 18 August 1911, the Central London Railway abandoned its policy of no through running with any other railway, and secured powers to build a short extension from Wood Lane to connect with the intended Ealing & Shepherds Bush line of the Great Western Railway, over which it proposed to exercise running powers.

The Great Western Railway (GWR) built the Ealing Broadway branch (the western part of the former Ealing & Shepherd's Bush Railway) and opened it for freight trains in April 1917, and the Central London Railway trains used the line from 3 August 1920. West Acton and were built and owned by the GWR, and both opened on 5 November 1923.

GWR steam freight trains also ran through West Acton until 1938, when the London Underground tracks were segregated further east, through East Acton station, and to the west of North Acton station.

The current station, replacing the original building, was designed by the Great Western Railway, on behalf of London Transport, as part of the LPTB's 1935-40 New Works Programme improvements and extensions to the Central line. The design was by the GWR's architect Brian Lewis and it was completed by November 1940.

Connections
London Buses route 218 serves the station.

title: West Acton tube station


text:
CIÉ 121 Class

The Córas Iompair Éireann 121 Class was a railway locomotive which was manufactured by General Motors Electro-Motive Division. These locomotives were in regular service on the Irish railway network until 2002, with the last two remaining in service until early 2008.

History
The poor availability of the A and C class locomotives in the late 1950s together with the split of the cross-border Great Northern Railway in 1958 and the target to eliminate Steam Locomotives led CIÉ to urgently seek more diesel locomotives, turning to an American-style single cab road switcher design from General Motors. The 121 Class were manufactured from December 1960 to January 1961 and numbered B121 to B135 inclusive. The locomotives proved an immediate success, with low maintenance and high availability, and led to further orders from the same supplier starting with the 141 class.

From the early 1970s onwards several locomotives of this class dropped the "B" prefix from their fleet number when re-liveried. The last two locomotives that survived in traffic (124 and B134) were both withdrawn from service on 3 May 2008. Prior to 1961, almost all Irish diesel locomotives were built in Great Britain, but from the 1960s onwards, GM became the sole supplier of locomotives to CIÉ, which eventually also extended to Northern Ireland Railways locomotives at a later stage. These were EMD's first ever fully American-built locomotives delivered to Europe. The layout of the cab was quite different from the other conventional CIÉ diesel models of the time, with the controls to the side of the driver, rather than the front. Due to apparent driver complaints of reduced visibility when operating with cab trailing, it was ultimately decided that these locomotives should only operate in a cab-leading formation. Later conversion for multiple-unit working allowed two 121 class locomotives to be coupled hood-end to hood-end, removing the need to turn them around for their return journey.

Although originally fitted with an EMD 8-567CR engine of 960 hp, all were later fitted with 645 type "power packs" (piston & liner assemblies) for parts standardisation, while at the same time keeping their original power output for reliability reasons. They weighed 64 t and had a maximum speed of 123 km/h. Numbers B126-B129 were later rebuilt with an EMD 8-645E engine of 1100 hp; as used in the 181 Class locomotives. The engine blocks were originally recycled from withdrawn rebuilt class B201s, but in their later years much swapping of engines occurred between classes 121, 141 and 181.

All but three (B121, B125, and B135) were fitted with Train Door Control equipment for operation with the Inchicore-built, British Rail Mark 3 based, push-pull train units. The push-pull equipment of locomotive B132 was subsequently decommissioned. Entering service in 1989, these trains, consisting of a single 121 Class and up to six carriages, were mainly used on the Dublin northern suburban passenger railway service. These were to be the last regular passenger duties for the 121s within Greater Dublin. The Limerick shuttle continued to be worked by 121s for several years after this date. In 1994, a railcar revolution had begun, and the push pull carriages were later re-deployed to inter-city duties with the 201 Class locomotives.

Withdrawal
The first member of the class to be withdrawn was 125 in March 1986 following an electrical fire, though it had been extensively damaged in an accident twelve years previously. However it was not scrapped until 2002.

By 1995, the 201 class had replaced the 121 class on most passenger routes. Throughout the late 1990s the fleet dwindled, and by 2005 only numbers 124 and B134 remained in service, with number 123 in storage for five years until eventually being scrapped in 2008. The rest of the fleet was also scrapped, due to the decline in freight traffic that they were also used for.

Their last official scheduled mainline passenger working was on 9 July 2005 on the Sligo line. The last known passenger working of this class was the 13:15 Waterford-Heuston service on 18 January 2007. Previously, these locomotives had filled in on the Manulla-Ballina service or the occasional service from Limerick.

The last use of them in public service was in the early months of 2008 on maintenance trains. By this stage 124 and 134 were the only survivors. Both were retired by degrees and officially withdrawn in July 2008, though at this stage neither had done much for many weeks.

Preservation
The Irish Traction Group has preserved locomotive 124. It is located at Moyasta Junction on the preserved West Clare Railway.

The other surviving member of the class, locomotive B134, is owned by the Railway Preservation Society of Ireland (RPSI), and is undergoing restoration. On 19 July 2016 it was hauled by 071 Class locomotive 071 from Inchicore to the RPSI's locomotive shed at Dublin Connolly. Later that year it was returned to Inchicore. In 2021 it was given a protective top-coat in older IE grey (per 071 class) with plans for final fitments. On the 7th of May 2022, 134 was displayed at the Inchicore Works during the opening day's 175th anniversary - a commemorative plaque was unveiled upon the locomotive, much like 141 Class number 150 during 1996.

The cab of locomotive 133 is preserved at the Cavan & Leitrim Railway in Dromod, County Leitrim.

Livery
On delivery, the locomotives were painted in a yellow and grey livery. This was replaced within a year by a black / tan (“golden brown”) colour scheme with a thick white band similar to the Cravens coaching stock, delivered in 1963. With time, the colour scheme changed to tan with a black band. Soon after CIÉ Rail services became known as Irish Rail, the colour scheme was enhanced when two white bands (approx. 25 mm / 1") separating the colours were added. At the same time, as a safety aspect, self-adhesive high-visibility panels were added to the front of the Locomotives.

Model
The 121 Class has been made as a 00 gauge Whitemetal kit by Model Irish Railways.

3D printed bodyshells are available through Shapeways. The 2mm and 3mm versions are by Valve Design, the 4mm one by Rail 3D Prints.

Murphy Models released an '00' gauge ready to run model of the 121 class in the 4th quarter of 2020. There are 13 variants covering the periods of CIE, IR and IE plus the RPSI model.

title: CIÉ 121 Class


text:
List of Hindu organisations

Hinduism is practiced and preached by many Hindu organisations, each of which follows the variants and perspectives of all or particular philosophy propagated and transferred through generations by saints. It is a peaceful religion. Hinduism may be more of a custom or tradition of that part of the world which the great epics of Hinduism are supposed to depict. Hinduism is based on the Vedas, some of which are humanity's oldest inscriptions on life and spirituality. They differ on how to achieve life's ultimate goal – Atma Jnana or self-realization. Devotees can choose any path depending on their individual natures.

This is a list of notable organisations related to Hinduism, Hindu nationalism and Hindutva.

Bharat darshan

 * Akhil Bharatiya Akhara Parishad
 * Akhil Viswa Gayatri Parivar
 * Akonir Namghar
 * American Meditation Institute
 * Ananda Ashrama
 * Ananda Marga Pracaraka Samgha
 * Ananda World Brotherhood Colonies
 * Anbukkodimakkal Thirucchabai
 * List of Ayyavazhi organisations
 * Antarashtriya Hindu Parishad
 * Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
 * Art of Living Foundation
 * The Art of Living International Center
 * Arya Samaj
 * Arya Pratinidhi Sabha of Fiji
 * D.A.V. College Managing Committee
 * Gurukul Kangri University
 * Avadhoota Datta Peetham
 * Datta Yoga Centers
 * Bhakti Marga
 * Bharat Sevashram Sangha
 * Bhartiya Gau Raksha Dal
 * Bihar School of Yoga
 * Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha
 * BAPS Charities
 * Mahanubhava
 * Brahma Kumaris
 * Adhyatmik Ishwariya Vishwa Vidyalaya
 * Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University
 * Chinmaya Mission
 * Devaswom boards in Kerala
 * Divine Life Society
 * Divine Light Mission
 * Gaudiya Math
 * Gaudiya Mission
 * Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti
 * Gita Press
 * Hanuman Foundation
 * Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy
 * Hindu Aikya Vedi
 * Hindu American Foundation
 * Hindu Council UK
 * Hindu Council of Russia
 * Hindu Forum of Britain
 * The Hindu Group
 * Hindu Janajagruti Samiti
 * Hindu Munnani
 * Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department (Tamil Nadu)
 * Hindu Rights Action Force (Malaysia)
 * Hindu Samhati
 * Hindu Sena
 * Hindu Students Council
 * Hindu Yuva Vahini
 * Integral Yoga Institutes and Centers
 * International Society for Krishna Consciousness
 * Bhaktivedanta Book Trust
 * Bhaktivedanta College
 * Bhaktivedanta Hospital
 * Food for Life Global
 * ISKCON Food Relief Foundation
 * International Swaminarayan Satsang Mandal
 * International Swaminarayan Satsang Organisation
 * ISSO Seva
 * International Vedanta Society
 * Isha Foundation
 * Italian Hindu Union
 * Jagadguru Kripalu Parishat
 * Radha Madhav Dham
 * Jagadguru Kripaluji Yog
 * Jivamukti Yoga
 * Kaginele Kanaka Guru Peetha
 * Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham
 * Kriya Yoga Institute
 * Kriya Yoga Centers
 * Mahanam Sampraday
 * Malaysia Hindudharma Mamandram
 * Mata Amritanandamayi Math
 * Narnarayan Dev Yuvak Mandal
 * National Council of Hindu Temples (UK)
 * National Hindu Students' Forum (UK)
 * Nikhil Manipuri Mahasabha
 * Nilachala Saraswata Sangha
 * O&O Academy
 * Pakistan Hindu Council
 * Pakistan Hindu Panchayat
 * Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia
 * Patanjali Yogpeeth
 * Radha Soami Satsang Beas
 * Radha Soami Satsang Sabha
 * Radha Swami Satsang, Dinod
 * Ramakrishna Math (a.k.a. Vedanta Society)
 * Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center
 * Vedanta Society of New York
 * Ramakrishna Mission
 * Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana
 * Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (Sangh Parivar)
 * Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
 * Bajrang Dal
 * Bharat Vikas Parishad
 * Bharatiya Kisan Sangh
 * Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh
 * Ekal Vidyalaya
 * Hindu Jagran Manch
 * Saiva Siddhanta Church
 * Sahaj Marg (a.k.a. Heartfulness Meditation)
 * Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha (Trinidad and Tobago)
 * Sanatan Sanstha
 * Santhigiri Ashram
 * Sathya Sai Organization
 * Satsang (Deoghar)
 * School of Philosophy and Economic Science
 * Science of Identity Foundation
 * Science of Spirituality (a.k.a. Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission)
 * Self-Realization Fellowship
 * Yogoda Satsanga Society of India
 * Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha
 * Shree Swaminarayan Gurukul Rajkot Sansthan
 * Sri Caitanya Prema Samsthana
 * Sri Caitanya Sangha
 * Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Math
 * Siddha Yoga Dham Associates Foundation
 * Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centres
 * Society of Abidance in Truth
 * Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam
 * Alwaye Advaita Ashram
 * Sree Narayana Trust
 * List of Sree Narayana Institutions
 * Sri Aurobindo Ashram
 * Auroville Foundation
 * Sri Aurobindo Ashram, Rewa
 * Sri Aurobindo International School, Hyderabad
 * Sri Chinmoy Centres
 * Sri Ramana Ashram
 * Sri Sri Radha Govindaji Trust
 * Sringeri Sharada Peetham
 * Swadhyay Parivar
 * Durga Vahini
 * Swaminarayan Mandir Vasna Sanstha
 * Tulsi Peeth Seva Nyas
 * Vedic Life Association
 * Vishva Hindu Parishad
 * Vishwa Madhwa Maha Parishat
 * Vishwa Nirmala Dharma
 * World Vaisnava Association

Defunct organisations

 * Hindu Maha Sabha (Fiji)
 * Manav Dharma Sabha
 * Paramahansa Mandali
 * Prarthana Samaj
 * Ratnagiri Hindu Sabha
 * Tattwabodhini Sabha
 * Theosophical Society of the Arya Samaj
 * Trust Deed of Brahmo Sabha

title: List of Hindu organisations


text: Category:Norwegian composers

title: Category:Norwegian composers


text:
Craven Park, Barrow-in-Furness

Craven Park (also referred to as the Northern Competitions Stadium for sponsorship reasons) is a rugby league stadium in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. It is the home of Barrow Raiders rugby league team.

Rugby league
Craven Park was built in 1931, largely as a result of the efforts of supporters of Barrow RLFC, 500 of whom volunteered to construct the ground. The total cost of the building project came to £7,500; which was a substantial sum in those days.

The stadium was named after Commander G. W. Craven, a local war hero, who had started the appeal fund with a donation of £500.

It should not be confused with Craven Park, or Old Craven Park in Hull, other rugby league venues. Craven Park was a venue for the 2000 Rugby League World Cup.

As of 2022, the capacity of Craven Park stands at 6,000.

Matches of either Barrow or Cumbria against touring international rugby league sides included:

Greyhound racing
Independent (unaffiliated to a governing body) greyhound racing took place around Craven Park from 1932–1933.

title: Craven Park, Barrow-in-Furness


text:
Talk:List of Hindu organisations

Comment
There are hundreds of hindu organisations, smaller and larger, involved in various activites. The purpose of this article is to present a brief idea of such an organisation -and to record the achievements of these organisations. Please add the content to these. Lets present the views as they are portryed and practiced by the followers of the faith - while being realistic about their activities.

This article is unmaintainable and should either be deleted or changed into List of Hindu organizations Andries 10:24, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I never meant to say the information on this page should be deleted. The information should be refractored to the respective articles of these organizations. I only meant to say that this article is a too ambitious project and will hence never become a mature article. Andries 12:04, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

VfD
On April 18, 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep and cleanup. See Votes for deletion/Survey of Hindu organisations for a record of the discussion. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 00:38, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

Commented out section
I have commented out a section above on this talk page, since the guidelines it presents are, well, quite bad, and it would be best if we didn't have inexperienced users following them and creating badly formatted articles. --RobthTalk 16:12, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

Suggestion - Akharas
This page might link to the Akhara page which nicely explains the Akhara system of Sadhus in India. The Akharas themselves should also be included in the list. Smithfarm 13:12, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Hindu organisations


text:
Samuel Bodman

Samuel Wright Bodman III (November 26, 1938 – September 7, 2018) was an American businessman, engineer, and politician who served as the 11th United States Secretary of Energy during the George W. Bush administration, from 2005 to 2009. He was also, at different times, the Deputy Secretary of the Treasury and the Deputy Secretary of Commerce.

In December 2004, Bodman was nominated to replace Spencer Abraham as the Energy Secretary and was confirmed unanimously by the United States Senate on January 31, 2005. During his tenure, he oversaw the security problems at Los Alamos National Laboratory and a budget in excess of $23 billion and over 100,000 federal and contractor employees.

Early life
Bodman was born on November 26, 1938, in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Lina (Lindsay) and Samuel Wright Bodman. Bodman spent his early years in the Chicago suburbs before he graduated in 1961 with a Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Cornell University. He was a member of Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity and the Sphinx Head Society.

In 1965, he completed his Doctor of Science in chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Career
Bodman served as an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT and began his work in the financial sector as Technical Director of the American Research and Development Corporation, a venture capital firm.

From there, Bodman went to Fidelity Venture Associates, a division of the Fidelity Investments. In 1983 he was named President and Chief Operating Officer of Fidelity Investments and a Director of the Fidelity Group of Mutual Funds. In 1987, he joined Cabot Corporation, a Boston-based Fortune 300 company with global business activities in specialty chemicals and materials, where he served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and a Director.

Bodman was a past director of M.I.T.'s School of Engineering Practice and a onetime member of the M.I.T. Commission on Education. He also was as a member of the Executive and Investment Committees at M.I.T., a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and a Trustee of the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum and the New England Aquarium.

He was also a past director of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.

Bush Administration
Bodman served as Deputy Secretary of the Treasury in the George W. Bush Administration beginning in February 2004. He also served the Bush Administration as the Deputy Secretary of Commerce beginning in 2001.

On December 10, 2004, Bodman was nominated to replace Spencer Abraham as the United States Secretary of Energy and was confirmed unanimously by the United States Senate on January 31, 2005, taking office the next day. He led the Department of Energy with a budget in excess of $23 billion and over 100,000 federal and contractor employees.

In February 2007, Bodman testified before the United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces about security problems at Los Alamos National Laboratory. He stated that "The heart of the problem is a cultural issue at Los Alamos". He asserted that the impediment to improved security was "Arrogance. Arrogance of the chemists and physicists and engineers who work at Los Alamos and think they’re above it all".

Personal life
Bodman married M. Diane (Petrella) Barber in 1997. He had three children, two stepchildren, and eight grandchildren.

Bodman died in El Paso on September 7, 2018, at the age of 79. The cause of death was reported to be complications from primary progressive aphasia. His death was announced by former President George W. Bush on the same day.

General

 * Samuel Bodman's political donations

Articles by Samuel Bodman

 * World Energy Magazine - Meeting the Need for Affordable and Reliable Electricity
 * World Energy Magazine - The New Energy Bill: Fueling America's Energy Security
 * World Energy Magazine - The Global Nuclear Energy Partnership: A Roadmap to Energy Security
 * World Energy Magazine - Mutual Needs Fuel Cooperative Efforts Between the United States and Africa

title: Samuel Bodman


text:
Andy Hui

Andrew Hui Chi-on (born 12 August 1967) is a Hong Kong singer and actor. Hui is considered one of the most successful Hong Kong singers, with an extensive list of Cantonese and Mandarin hits to his credit.

Early life
Hui's mother is Vietnamese. He was transferred to Confucian Tai Shing Primary School because his previous school forced him to perform tasks right-handed when he was born left-handed.

Career
Hui was the first runner-up in the fifth Annual New Talent Singing Awards in 1986. Hui has appeared in more than 25 films.

His first music contract came in 1986, and his singing career reached stellar status in 2001 as he won awards of the most favourite male singer.

In 2004, Hui was named by Alan Tam as one of the 'New Four Heavenly Kings' along with Hacken Lee, Leo Ku, and Edmond Leung which would be replacing the once lustrous title awarded to Jacky Cheung, Andy Lau, Aaron Kwok, and Leon Lai.

In October 2005, Andy was declared one of Ten Outstanding Young Persons where his hard work on his music and film career, and his excellence in commitment to the community was recognized.

Personal life
Hui married singer-actress Sammi Cheng in 2013. Sammi admitted in 2018 that they have never legally registered to marry. They merely attended a friend's wedding back in 2013.

On April 16, 2019, a video of Hui being intimate with former HK Pageant contestant and TVB actress Jacqueline Wong during a taxi ride was released. The incident was recorded by the taxi's in-vehicle camera. Hui made a public apology to his wife and loved ones, citing he was drunk that night but admitted his intoxication was no excuse for his behaviour. Wong's image and career was adversely affected but Hui was able to restart his career and saved his marriage after the scandal.

Discography

 * 5 May 1988: Andy Hui
 * 1988: Love Fragments / Shang De Che Di
 * 1989: Andy Hui 1989
 * March 1990: Andy Hui 1990
 * March 1991: Break and Reform Collection
 * January 1992: Alive!
 * January 1993: Loving You
 * July 1993: Sunshine After The Rain
 * December 1993: Never Love Like This
 * 1994: Xiang Shuo (想說)
 * June 1994: Unique
 * 6 December 1994: Heart
 * 1994: Unless You Tell Me
 * 1995: Paradise Lost
 * 1996: Nan Ren Zui Tong (男人最痛)
 * 1997: Man's Emotion
 * 1997: Ai De Xing Ku Xin Jiu Dui Zhao 17 Shou (New Song + Collection) (愛的辛苦新舊對照十七首)
 * 1997: Yi Qie An Hao Xin Jiu Dui Zhao 17 Shou (New Mandarin Song + Best Selection)
 * 1997: My Day, My Song
 * 1997: Kan Qing Chu (看清楚) – Mandarin CD
 * 1998: Fei De Qi (飛得起)
 * 1998: First, Second, Third, Fourth – Mandarin Album
 * 1998: Good Andy Hui 98 Concert
 * 1999: Faith With Heart
 * 1999: Andy Hui 99 Live in Concert
 * 1999: Faith in Love
 * 1999: The End of 20th Century Collection
 * 1999: We Want Happiness
 * 1999: Sound And Vision 46 Collection
 * January 2000: Believe in Love
 * 2000: Shang Ci (上次)
 * 2001: You Xian Yong Bao (優先擁抱) – Cantonese Album
 * 2001: This One Second, Is it you, OK? – Mandarin Album
 * 2001: Mud (Laan nai) – Cantonese Album
 * 2002: Wo Hai Neng Ai Shei (我還能愛誰) – Mandarin Album
 * 2002: Roma – Cantonese Album
 * December 2002: On Hits (New + Best Selections)
 * August 2003: My Story
 * January 2004: Life in Music (New + Best Selections)
 * February 2004: Couldn't Be Better
 * 29 October 2004: Back Up
 * February 2005: Encore Concert (安哥對唱音樂會)
 * May 2005: First Round Concert (第一回合演唱會)
 * November 2005: Cantonese New + Best Collection (大風吹 – 廣東新歌+精選三十首)
 * 2005: Xiang Ai Duo Nian (相愛多年) – (New Mandarin Song + Best Selection)
 * September 2006: In The Name of...
 * 2007: Kong Qian Jue Hou (空前絕後)
 * 2009: Zi Dao / Zi Chuan (自導／自傳) – (New Song + Selection)
 * 2009: Ge Ren (歌人) – Mandarin CD
 * May 2011: On and On
 * 2014: New Heaven
 * 2015: Come on Enjoy The Best (New Song + Selection)
 * 2017: 18 Ounces

Filmography

 * Girls Without Tomorrow 1992 (1992)
 * First Shot (1993)
 * Future Cops (1993)
 * Tequila (1993)
 * Cop Image (1994)
 * Wonder Seven (1994)
 * Mack the Knife (1995)
 * Happy Hour (1995)
 * Who's the Woman, Who's the Man (1996) [cameo]
 * Mystery Files (1996)
 * Swallowtail Butterfly (1996)
 * Feel 100%...Once More (1996)
 * Love Amoeba Style (1997)
 * Ah Fai the Dumb (1997)
 * Love is not a game, but a joke (1997)
 * A Love Story (1998)
 * Marooned (2000)
 * Nightmares in Precinct 7 (2001)
 * Killing End (2001)
 * Interactive Murders (2002)
 * The Monkey King: Quest for the Sutra (2002)
 * Give Them a Chance (2002)
 * Sex and the Beauties (2004)
 * Koma (2004)
 * Six Strong Guys (2004)
 * To Grow With Love (Lush Field Happy Event) (2006)
 * Silence (2006)
 * Dressage to Win (2008)
 * ICAC Investigators 2009 (2009)
 * Claustrophobia (2009)
 * Split Second murders (2009)
 * 72 Tenants of Prosperity (2010)
 * Summer Love Love (2011)
 * A Big Deal (2011)
 * I Love Hong Kong 2012 (2012)
 * Nessun Dorma (2016)

title: Andy Hui


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