text:
Western Springs (Auckland suburb)

Western Springs is a residential suburb in the city of Auckland in the north of New Zealand. It is located four kilometres to the west of the city centre, Auckland CBD. The park is situated to the north of State Highway 16 and the residential suburb is located southeast of the park on the opposite side of State Highway 16.

The suburb is dominated by Western Springs Reserve, also known as Western Springs Lakeside Te Wai Ōrea, which features a lake with a variety of birdlife. Auckland Zoo, Western Springs Stadium and M.O.T.A.T. (the Museum of Transport and Technology) are situated around the park. The park is the location of the annual Pasifika Festival, one of Auckland's most popular public events. Across the road from the zoo is the school of Western Springs College, with a student population of around.

Māori history
Historically, Māori valued the wetlands they named Te Wai Ōrea, meaning 'the waters of eels', for the clean, clear spring water and ōrea or New Zealand long fin eels that lived in the stream. A traditional Māori story involves Ruarangi, a chief of the supernatural Patupaiarehe people, escaping a siege on Owairaka / Mount Albert through lava tunnels and emerging at Te Wai Ōrea.

During a battle fought in the area, Kawharu, a Manukau Māori warrior chief, fought local iwi at a ridge site overlooking Te Wai Ōrea named Te Raeokawharu (Kawharu’s brow), where Surrey Crescent is situated today.

Post-European arrival
In 1830-40, during the Māori musket wars, Ngati Tahinga, Waiohua and Te Taou lived in the wider area, which was named Te Rehu.

After European colonisation, the area became part of a block of land farmed by William Motion, a Scottish settler. Colonists named the area Western Springs to differentiate it from the springs in Pukekawa / Auckland Domain to the east of the town.

Water spring use
The main source of the water that feeds the lake at Western Springs is rain falling on the slopes of the volcanoes Te Tātua a Riukiuta, Ōwairaka / Mount Albert and Maungawhau / Mount Eden. The water runs underground for several miles through the lava flows, and emerges from the ground at a constant rate that is well filtered by the miles of scoria rocks.

As Auckland grew over the mid-1800s, city officials found that well water was no longer sufficient at supplying the burgeoning population. In the 1860s, a pipe from the Auckland Domain Springs was constructed, but a more permanent solution was required to service the growing demand. In 1874, the council tasked Australian civil engineer Edward Orpen Moriarty with the task of supplying Auckland with water from Western Springs. The city bought William Motion's mill and 120 acres (486,000 m2) of land, including the spring. In 1875, the swampy ground was made into a 15-acre (6ha) artificial lake 6 feet in depth and capable of holding 22 million gallons of water. Over the course of its construction, workers removed 20,000 cartloads of spoil from the site, and used 7,850 cubic yards of earth to construct the embankment which was 40 feet wide at the base and 9 feet wide at the crest. They also excavated the 25 feet deep Engine Pond and dug a 60 feet long tunnel between the lake and the Engine House.A pumphouse, which opened in 1877, was designed by City Engineer William Errington and built of brick. It was fitted with a steam engine, known as a beam engine, which is still in working order having been restored. The engine pumped water up to the two new reservoirs; one on the corner of Ponsonby Road and Karangahape Road, and the other in the block bordered by Khyber Pass Road, Symonds Street, Mount Eden Road, and Burleigh Street from where the water was gravity fed down to the city. The cost of running and maintaining the pump was high however, and by the end of the 19th century Auckland's size required a much greater and more reliable source of freshwater, coinciding with public pressure to safeguard the remaining native forests of the Waitākere Ranges west of the city. Auckland City purchased land and built large reservoirs in this secluded area, thus safeguarding both the water quality and the flora & fauna of the area. The height of the reservoirs above sea level meant pumping was kept to a minimum as the water could be gravity fed downwards to the city. Use of the pumphouse ceased in 1936 after the Waitākere Ranges dams were completed.

Later development
From the early 1920s onwards various developments around Western Springs took place; The Auckland City Council Zoological Gardens were established to the north of the lake. To the west, around the corner of Motions Road and Great North Road, a camping ground was set up which was later converted into a transit camp for American servicemen during World War II. To the south of the lake, the Chamberlain Park Golf Club was established, and to the west, land was set aside for primary, intermediate and secondary schools to service the growing suburbs of Westmere and Point Chevalier.

The closure of the pumphouse left the inner Western Springs area with no specific use. Its often rough and uneven land was unsuitable for housing, as apart from the lake it contained large stretches of boggy ground. Unable to divest itself of the land, the Auckland City Council was at a loss what to do with it. Some light industry and market gardens were developed along Great North Road and Chinaman's Hill, named due to the pre-dominantly Chinese market gardeners, and an attempt was made to convert the boggy land around the lake into a park. However, over the next three decades much of the land deteriorated as it became overgrown and used for illegal rubbish dumping.

The council used some of the more usable land to construct council housing in the 1920s, and in the 1930s sold much of the land previously used for market gardens to the government for state housing. To the north of the zoo was an area of mangrove swamp where the Western Springs creek reached the sea near the Meola Reef lava outcrop. This was utilised as a landfill dump and hence reclaimed during the 1950s and 1960s. The reclaimed land was developed as playing fields and an additional area for the MOTAT Sir Keith Park Memorial Airfield, and serves as the site of the Westpoint Performing Arts Center. In the 2000s the landfill was found to be emitting methane gas and was subsequently capped with clay.

After the war, the population of the surrounding suburbs grew markedly and it became obvious that the untidy state of Western Springs was an embarrassment. As a wilderness of bogs full of rubbish, rats and mosquitoes, it was unattractive and a potential health hazard. In 1961 the Auckland City Council embarked on developing the park in earnest. The lake, which had become completely choked by introduced waterweed was reclaimed, and the overgrown landscape was carefully cleared of weeds and rubbish.

In 1953 a plan was put forward to use the area around the lake as an amusement park with a scenic railway, fairground and rollercoasters, but this was soon discovered to be beyond the financial capabilities of Auckland City Council. In 1964 the Museum of Transport and Technology (MOTAT) was established to the south-east of the lake, the old pumphouse forming its centrepiece.

By the 1980s major landscaping work had transformed the area from a former dumpsite into one of Auckland's most attractive parks. New plantings were introduced to complement the mature trees from the 19th century, and careful planting of the islands in the lake and its surrounding wetlands have made it a successful breeding ground for a large variety of native and exotic waterfowl. Artworks by several New Zealand sculptors were installed in the park during the 1980s and 1990s.

Demographics
The statistical area of Westmere South-Western Springs, which includes part of Westmere, covers 2.02 km2 and had an estimated population of as of  with a population density of  people per km2.

Westmere South-Western Springs had a population of 3,099 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 60 people (2.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 315 people (11.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 1,074 households, comprising 1,473 males and 1,629 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.9 males per female. The median age was 37.6 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 663 people (21.4%) aged under 15 years, 582 (18.8%) aged 15 to 29, 1,632 (52.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 225 (7.3%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 84.1% European/Pākehā, 11.6% Māori, 9.4% Pacific peoples, 6.4% Asian, and 3.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 23.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 62.7% had no religion, 27.5% were Christian, 0.1% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.9% were Hindu, 1.5% were Muslim, 0.7% were Buddhist and 2.0% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 1,221 (50.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 159 (6.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $54,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 966 people (39.7%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,461 (60.0%) people were employed full-time, 408 (16.7%) were part-time, and 66 (2.7%) were unemployed.

Education
Western Springs College is a coeducational high school (years 9–13) with a roll of as of

title: Western Springs (Auckland suburb)


text:
Talk:Infidel Guy

This article was listed on votes for deletion; see Votes for deletion/Infidel Guy. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 00:35, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

Cleanup
As I've mentioned on the vfd for this page, this article needs cleanup. I'll post a list of obvious problems:

- rernst 13:38, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * "The Infidel Guy remains one of the very few shows for freethinkers available on Internet radio." - remove the useless bold. Also a loaded sentence.
 * "very active in the freethought community instigating cognitive dissonance wherever he goes" - BS language? Also loaded.
 * "When he confronted them with the actual content of the Bible, they felt able to take charge of their own lives." - more loaded language: implies that the contents of the bible are bad. Also is poorly written.
 * "Infidel Guy :: Rational radio and Debate - Critically examining what you believe to be true!" - can we tone this down so it doesn't seem so POV

To Proponents of this Page
I'll point out that none of: 1) being secular, or 2) having an agenda are why this article was VFD'd.

Also remember that Wikipedia is not a soapbox - this is not a place to promote your views. It is an encyclopedia devoted to giving coverage to all sides of an issue. If you've got legitimate criticsm of Infidel Guy, then add it. - rernst 13:38, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Should This Page be a Redirect?
Rernst would you object if i redirect this page to Reginald Vaughn Finley, Sr.? I would like to resolve the issue you have with this page and i feel the other page isn't as objectionable. --Ic0n0 03:37, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I wasn't the one who put it up for vfd, keep in mind, so it really wasn't my issue to begin with. But what I did take issue with was scads of anonymous users flocking to the article's vfd page to vote against its deletion. As self-appointed hammer of the wicket, I took it upon myself to fight against them. I presume you're new here since you really don't know how a lot of stuff works. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia whose objective is to be fair to all sides: that's why articles which are solely vanity (Infidel Guy page was suspected of being such) and have only one point of view or slanted/loaded language are looked down upon.

As for infidel guy... his followers tend to make trouble in other media: I've had encounters with them before. When I saw the same thing here I was prepared to deal with it again. But, regardless of my own personal feelings, my loyalties here are to wikipedia. This means that I must be fair to all content. Doesn't mean I have to like the people making the articles: all I care about at the end of the day is whether the wiki is better off.

Initially, this article was so POV as to be considered vanity, which I think is why it was put up for vfd. Sometimes people can go overboard on vfd and add pages which probably shouldn't be there, but this was not one of those cases. Sometimes being on vfd means that the people who put an article up will care enough about it to save it that they improve it to a point where it's worth keeping.

Another reason for vfd-ing a page is if it is reagarded as non-notable. High Schools are popular items for this: students come here, find no page about their high school, and create one for it, despite noone earth-shattering ever coming from that school. This means that there are a lot of useless articles lying around that we must get rid of.

This article in itself really stresses the limit of that line about notability. I agree with you that we've already got an article that will do the job: it may just be a task of merging the two articles together... perhaps this could be a subsection of the other. The more I think about doing this, the better a solution it sounds.

All in all, it seems that the article will survive the vfd process. - rernst 04:51, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

One way or another he should only have one page (maximum, some of the voters say less than that), so one should be a redirect of the other. Both have very real NPOV problems, sa they are phrased as press releases and not encyclopedia articles. DreamGuy 04:43, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * I am going to work on making this page redirect and then edit the other page to be more factual. I do agree that objectivity is the goal. --Ic0n0 04:46, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, no, but what you did was not a redirect, it was still a full article (albeit one that had a sentence telling people to click a link to go to the other article). Worse, you removed the VfD notice, which you should not be doing. I reverted it. DreamGuy 04:55, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)

 * What is the Correct way to do a redirect then? --Ic0n0 04:56, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I don;t think you can do a real redirect and keep the VfD tag intact. When the vote's officially over you can do it. See Redirect

 * Thank you for the information, although i may seem ignorant I am just new to editing pages and learning the rules and Etiquette. Don’t misinterpret my actions as deliberately out of form, I simply didn’t realize the deletion tag had a time limit. --Ic0n0 05:14, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * We all start out new, I didn't register all that long ago myself. The votes for deletion notice itself on the page mentions that it should not be removed, so that's why I expected you to know that part. After the voting is over that should go away.

DreamGuy 09:57, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Infidel Guy


text:
My Best Friend's Birthday

My Best Friend's Birthday is an unfinished 1987 amateur comedy film directed, edited, co-written, co-produced by and starring Quentin Tarantino. The film was shot in black-and-white and was originally meant to have a runtime of seventy minutes, but only 36 minutes of the film are edited altogether, leaving the project unfinished.

Plot
It’s Mickey’s birthday, and his girlfriend just left him. His friend Clarence shows up to give him a birthday he'll never forget.

Production
The film was made while Tarantino was working at the Video Archives, now closed, in Manhattan Beach, California. The project started in 1984, when Hamann wrote a short 30- to 40-page script.

Tarantino became attached to the project as co-writer and director, and he and Hamann expanded the script to 80 pages. On an estimated budget of $5,000, the film was originally planned in a Super 8mm format. However,  when Tarantino was able to borrow a 16mm camera from film director Fred Olen Ray, the film was shot in 16mm over the course of the next four years. Hamann and Tarantino starred in the film, along with several video store and acting class buddies, and worked on the crew, which included fellow Video Archives employees Rand Vossler and Roger Avary. It is the most overtly comedic film that Tarantino has made. In an interview with Charlie Rose (available on the Region 1 Collector's Edition DVD of Pulp Fiction), he referred to it as a "Martin and Lewis kind of thing."

It was long alleged that the original cut was about 70 minutes long, but due to a film lab fire, only 36 minutes of the film still exist. In 2019, a book titled My Best Friend's Birthday: The Making of a Quentin Tarantino Film, written by Andrew J. Rausch, was published by BearManor Media. The book features interviews with all of the film's principal personnel, including Quentin Tarantino, Craig Hamann, and Roger Avary. In the book, it is revealed the fire story was fabricated, with Tarantino choosing not to dismiss it as he thought it sounded interesting. In actuality, some rolls of film were simply discarded by mistake, and Tarantino, unsatisfied with the final product, edited together the scenes he liked, leaving the project unfinished. However, he has not dismissed the possibility of restoring and completing the film one day. The surviving footage has been edited together and shown at several film festivals.

title: My Best Friend's Birthday


text:
Generative model

In statistical classification, two main approaches are called the generative approach and the discriminative approach. These compute classifiers by different approaches, differing in the degree of statistical modelling. Terminology is inconsistent, but three major types can be distinguished, following : The distinction between these last two classes is not consistently made; refers to these three classes as generative learning, conditional learning, and discriminative learning, but  only distinguish two classes, calling them generative classifiers (joint distribution) and discriminative classifiers (conditional distribution or no distribution), not distinguishing between the latter two classes. Analogously, a classifier based on a generative model is a generative classifier, while a classifier based on a discriminative model is a discriminative classifier, though this term also refers to classifiers that are not based on a model.
 * 1) A generative model is a statistical model of the joint probability distribution $$P(X, Y)$$ on a given observable variable X and target variable Y; A generative model can be used to "generate" random instances (outcomes) of an observation x.
 * 2) A discriminative model is a model of the conditional probability $$P(Y\mid X = x)$$ of the target Y, given an observation x. It can be used to "discriminate" the value of the target variable Y, given an observation x.
 * 3) Classifiers computed without using a probability model are also referred to loosely as "discriminative".

Standard examples of each, all of which are linear classifiers, are:

 * generative classifiers:
 * naive Bayes classifier and
 * linear discriminant analysis
 * discriminative model:
 * logistic regression

In application to classification, one wishes to go from an observation x to a label y (or probability distribution on labels). One can compute this directly, without using a probability distribution (distribution-free classifier); one can estimate the probability of a label given an observation, $$P(Y|X=x)$$ (discriminative model), and base classification on that; or one can estimate the joint distribution $$P(X, Y)$$ (generative model), from that compute the conditional probability $$P(Y|X=x)$$, and then base classification on that. These are increasingly indirect, but increasingly probabilistic, allowing more domain knowledge and probability theory to be applied. In practice different approaches are used, depending on the particular problem, and hybrids can combine strengths of multiple approaches.

Definition
An alternative division defines these symmetrically as:

 * a generative model is a model of the conditional probability of the observable X, given a target y, symbolically, $$P(X\mid Y = y)$$
 * a discriminative model is a model of the conditional probability of the target Y, given an observation x, symbolically, $$P(Y\mid X = x)$$

Regardless of precise definition, the terminology is constitutional because a generative model can be used to "generate" random instances (outcomes), either of an observation and target $$(x, y)$$, or of an observation x given a target value y, while a discriminative model or discriminative classifier (without a model) can be used to "discriminate" the value of the target variable Y, given an observation x. The difference between "discriminate" (distinguish) and "classify" is subtle, and these are not consistently distinguished. (The term "discriminative classifier" becomes a pleonasm when "discrimination" is equivalent to "classification".)

The term "generative model" is also used to describe models that generate instances of output variables in a way that has no clear relationship to probability distributions over potential samples of input variables. Generative adversarial networks are examples of this class of generative models, and are judged primarily by the similarity of particular outputs to potential inputs. Such models are not classifiers.

Relationships between models
In application to classification, the observable X is frequently a continuous variable, the target Y is generally a discrete variable consisting of a finite set of labels, and the conditional probability $$P(Y\mid X)$$ can also be interpreted as a (non-deterministic) target function $$f\colon X \to Y$$, considering X as inputs and Y as outputs.

Given a finite set of labels, the two definitions of "generative model" are closely related. A model of the conditional distribution $$P(X\mid Y = y)$$ is a model of the distribution of each label, and a model of the joint distribution is equivalent to a model of the distribution of label values $$P(Y)$$, together with the distribution of observations given a label, $$P(X\mid Y)$$; symbolically, $$P(X, Y) = P(X\mid Y)P(Y).$$ Thus, while a model of the joint probability distribution is more informative than a model of the distribution of label (but without their relative frequencies), it is a relatively small step, hence these are not always distinguished.

Given a model of the joint distribution, $$P(X, Y)$$, the distribution of the individual variables can be computed as the marginal distributions $$P(X) = \sum_y P(X, Y = y)$$ and $$P(Y) = \int_x P(Y, X = x)$$ (considering X as continuous, hence integrating over it, and Y as discrete, hence summing over it), and either conditional distribution can be computed from the definition of conditional probability: $$P(X\mid Y)=P(X, Y)/P(Y)$$ and $$P(Y\mid X)=P(X, Y)/P(X)$$.

Given a model of one conditional probability, and estimated probability distributions for the variables X and Y, denoted $$P(X)$$ and $$P(Y)$$, one can estimate the opposite conditional probability using Bayes' rule:
 * $$P(X\mid Y)P(Y) = P(Y\mid X)P(X).$$

For example, given a generative model for $$P(X\mid Y)$$, one can estimate:
 * $$P(Y\mid X) = P(X\mid Y)P(Y)/P(X),$$

and given a discriminative model for $$P(Y\mid X)$$, one can estimate:
 * $$P(X\mid Y) = P(Y\mid X)P(X)/P(Y).$$

Note that Bayes' rule (computing one conditional probability in terms of the other) and the definition of conditional probability (computing conditional probability in terms of the joint distribution) are frequently conflated as well.

Contrast with discriminative classifiers
A generative algorithm models how the data was generated in order to categorize a signal. It asks the question: based on my generation assumptions, which category is most likely to generate this signal? A discriminative algorithm does not care about how the data was generated, it simply categorizes a given signal. So, discriminative algorithms try to learn $$p(y|x)$$ directly from the data and then try to classify data. On the other hand, generative algorithms try to learn $$p(x,y)$$ which can be transformed into $$p(y|x)$$ later to classify the data. One of the advantages of generative algorithms is that you can use $$p(x,y)$$ to generate new data similar to existing data. On the other hand, it has been proved that some discriminative algorithms give better performance than some generative algorithms in classification tasks.

Despite the fact that discriminative models do not need to model the distribution of the observed variables, they cannot generally express complex relationships between the observed and target variables. But in general, they don't necessarily perform better than generative models at classification and regression tasks. The two classes are seen as complementary or as different views of the same procedure.

Deep generative models
With the rise of deep learning, a new family of methods, called deep generative models (DGMs), is formed through the combination of generative models and deep neural networks. An increase in the scale of the neural networks is typically accompanied by an increase in the scale of the training data, both of which are required for good performance.

Popular DGMs include variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), and auto-regressive models. Recently, there has been a trend to build very large deep generative models. For example, GPT-3, and its precursor GPT-2, are auto-regressive neural language models that contain billions of parameters, BigGAN and VQ-VAE which are used for image generation that can have hundreds of millions of parameters, and Jukebox is a very large generative model for musical audio that contains billions of parameters.

Generative models
Types of generative models are:

 * Gaussian mixture model (and other types of mixture model)
 * Hidden Markov model
 * Probabilistic context-free grammar
 * Bayesian network (e.g. Naive bayes, Autoregressive model)
 * Averaged one-dependence estimators
 * Latent Dirichlet allocation
 * Boltzmann machine (e.g. Restricted Boltzmann machine, Deep belief network)
 * Variational autoencoder
 * Generative adversarial network
 * Flow-based generative model
 * Energy based model
 * Diffusion model

If the observed data are truly sampled from the generative model, then fitting the parameters of the generative model to maximize the data likelihood is a common method. However, since most statistical models are only approximations to the true distribution, if the model's application is to infer about a subset of variables conditional on known values of others, then it can be argued that the approximation makes more assumptions than are necessary to solve the problem at hand. In such cases, it can be more accurate to model the conditional density functions directly using a discriminative model (see below), although application-specific details will ultimately dictate which approach is most suitable in any particular case.

Discriminative models

 * k-nearest neighbors algorithm
 * Logistic regression
 * Support Vector Machines
 * Decision Tree Learning
 * Random Forest
 * Maximum-entropy Markov models
 * Conditional random fields

Simple example
Suppose the input data is $$x \in \{1, 2\}$$, the set of labels for $$x$$ is $$y \in \{0, 1\}$$, and there are the following 4 data points: $$(x,y) = \{(1,0), (1,1), (2,0), (2,0)\}$$

For the above data, estimating the joint probability distribution $$p(x,y)$$ from the empirical measure will be the following:

while $$p(y|x)$$ will be following:

Text generation
gives an example in which a table of frequencies of English word pairs is used to generate a sentence beginning with "representing and speedily is an good"; which is not proper English but which will increasingly approximate it as the table is moved from word pairs to word triplets etc.

title: Generative model


text:
Talk:Arimaa

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What is a "friendly piece"?
Hey everyone! It's me, Bulldozer BILL! I read this page recently and wondered what a "friendly piece" is. Could anyone clarify this for me and, ideally, put this on the page? Thank you all! Bulldozer BILL (talk) 10:50, 10 April 2018 (UTC)
 * A piece of the same color/in the same army. (Have added glossary link to article.) p.s. New secs go to bottom of the Talk page. Ok, --IHTS (talk) 03:01, 11 April 2018 (UTC)

Why is it so hard?
The article doesn't say anything about why Arimaa is so difficult for AI to solve. What makes it so difficult?Hypershock (talk) 07:31, 13 July 2019 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure how absolutely hard it is, but it was specifically designed to defeat a number of algorithms commonly used by chess programs which have very little to do with intelligence (as opposed to algorithmic optimization). AnonMoos (talk) 17:14, 17 July 2019 (UTC)

 * P.S. I guess most of that material was removed to the separate Computer Arimaa article... AnonMoos (talk) 17:23, 17 July 2019 (UTC)

Cleaner diagram template on Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a board diagram template at b:Template:Arimaa/board. It uses pretty SVG pieces instead of the ugly pixelated 3D things this article has. But I can't find its source code. Can someone take care of it? BenbowInn (talk) 06:38, 21 January 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Arimaa


text:
Talk:Right of initiative (legislative)

"unlike parliament, which is just a governmental body."

I can't disagree enough. Certainly under the British model Parliament is not a governmental body in itself, rather the government is (mostly) a subset of Parliament.

Parliament is the supreme legislative body and does possess legislative initiave. Indeed in the UK Parliament is theroetically the sole soverign legislative body and all others (be they devolved assemblies or local councils) have their right to legislate anything devolved to them from Parliament.

I think the distinction intended here is that Parliament mostly enacts the legislation of the government (whose party comprises its majority) whereas in a congress there is greater freedom from Presidential influence. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Virtual Monster (talk • contribs) 13:37, 29 November 2004

The US Constitution uses the term "legislative power". "Legislative initiative" seems to be used to refer to the general process of proposing a bill. --Foggy Morning (talk) 20:29, 23 February 2008 (UTC)

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Governments alone?
"In parliamentary systems it is common that both the government (executive) and the parliament have legislative initiative, but it also can be restricted to the government and the lower house of parliament, or even to the government alone."

I did yet not find a parliamentary system where the government alone has the right of initiative - but the EU. And there is no source mentioned for this.

Anyone?

Michael X. Bolain — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.244.64.158 (talk) 14:28, 1 February 2019 (UTC)

 * I agree. And this is utmost relevant because under the system of separation of powers, which is well accepted by democrats since the time it was published in 1748 (Montesquieu, L'esprit de lois) the powers are constructed and thought as antagonist who are controlling each other to the benefits of the democrats, the citizens.
 * It is in fact unbearable and highly distructive to mutilate the parliament by putting it's most important possibility to act into the hands of the government (EU-Commission) or make iniatives depend on the good will of any other governmental body (like the EU-Council).
 * "The right of initiative is no less important than the right to vote, and history shows that a policy based on fear or hatred of public freedoms has always led to a restriction of the parliamentary initiative."
 * Eugène Pierre (*1848), Lecture on politics, elections and parliamentary law
 * https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Pierre_(secr%C3%A9taire_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral)
 * Polka Dot
 * -10:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC) 94.134.177.49 (talk) 10:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Right of initiative (legislative)


text: User talk:80.93.5.42

title: User talk:80.93.5.42


text:
Central Florida

Central Florida is a region of the U.S. state of Florida. Different sources give different definitions for the region, but as its name implies it is usually said to comprise the central part of the state, including the Tampa Bay area and the Greater Orlando area, though in recent times the Tampa Bay area has often been described as its own region, with "central Florida" becoming more synonymous with the Orlando area (most notably, this is what the local news channels in each respective metro area call their region).

It is one of Florida's three directional regions, along with north Florida and south Florida. Under the previously mentioned "usual" definition, it includes the following 13 counties: Brevard, Citrus, Hernando, Hillsborough, Lake, Orange, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Seminole, Sumter, and Volusia. Sometimes Ocala, which is in Marion County, was included. Although Citrus, Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas are also considered to be the Tampa Bay area.

Geography
Like many vernacular regions, central Florida's boundaries are not official or consistent, and are defined differently by different sources. A 2007 study of Florida's regions by geographers Ary Lamme and Raymond K. Oldakowski found that Floridians surveyed identified central Florida as comprising a large swath of peninsular Florida. This area encompassed the interior, including the Orlando metropolitan area, and coastal stretches from the Citrus County south to the Hillsborough County in the west and from Volusia County south to Sebastian in the east.

Central Florida is one of Florida's three most common directional regions, the others being north Florida and south Florida. Lamme and Oldakowski note that the directional region is more commonly used in the interior areas rather than on the coast. In fact, while coastal areas often have their own regional vernacular identities such as the Space Coast and the Nature Coast, no vernacular regions were reported on the interior of the state other than central Florida.

Enterprise Florida, the state's economic development agency, identifies "Central Florida" as one of eight economic regions used by the agency and other state and outside entities, including the Florida Department of Transportation. This definition covers much of the same area as in Lamme and Oldakowski's survey, with some exceptions. The central region includes the Orlando metropolitan area (Orange, Lake, Osceola, and Seminole Counties), and Sumter, Polk counties in the interior, Citrus, Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas counties on the west coast and Volusia and Brevard Counties on the east coast.

The central cities of both metropolitan areas (Orlando and Tampa) are in close proximity (85 mi), and as a result, their two metropolitan areas blend together in the area of Lakeland to make up a larger contiguous population center often referred to as the I-4 corridor. This is a population concentration that stretches from Tampa Bay on the west coast to Daytona Beach and Cape Canaveral on the east coast of the state.

With the exception of hill terrain in Mount Dora, southern Lake County, Polk County (Lake Wales Ridge) Pasco County, and Hernando County (Brooksville Ridge). Central Florida is mostly flatland with significant amounts of open space and over 1,500 lakes and ponds. There is a mixture of wetlands, Cypress, Oak, Maple and Pine forests, pastures, prairies and coastline.

Major rivers include the St. Johns River, the Halifax River, the Ocklawaha River and the Econlockhatchee River. Major lakes include Lake Apopka, Lake Tohopekaliga, East Lake Tohopekaliga, Lake Louisa, Lake Monroe, Lake Jessup, and the Butler Chain of Lakes. There are over 100 mi of coastline in central Florida along the Atlantic Coast. Major beaches include Canaveral National Seashore, New Smyrna Beach, Daytona Beach, Cocoa Beach, and Indialantic Beach near Melbourne.

Climate
Hurricanes are a threat to the coastal cities as evidenced by the 2004 hurricane season, which brought three major hurricanes to the central Florida area: Charley, Jeanne, and Frances.Winters are dry and temperate with the average winter high temperature in Orlando being 71 F and the average winter low temperature being 49 F. Summers are hot and humid with high temperatures averaging 92 F and low temperatures averaging 75 F. Peak summer heat generally arrives in early June and continues to early October.

The combination of high temperatures, high humidity, and opposing sea breezes from both the Gulf and Atlantic coasts, results in significant thunderstorm activity from June to September for the interior counties. Central Florida records more lightning strikes per area than any other region in Florida, and Florida records more lightning strikes than any other state in the US. As a result, Florida, and more specifically, central Florida, is often referred to as the "Thunderstorm capital of the USA", or "Lightning Alley."

These severe thunderstorms often make central Florida prone to many tornadoes. However, they are usually small, short lived, and almost always rated as EF0 or EF1 size storms.

According to the Köppen climate classification, central Florida has a subtropical climate. A climate that is typical for the majority of the state, except for south Florida, which has a tropical climate. Unlike south Florida, where temperatures below 32 °F practically never occur, central Florida can see occasional freezing temperatures in the some winters (though brief). Consequently, most of central Florida cannot accommodate the same tropical plants found in Southern Florida with the exception of coastal areas in the Tampa Bay area, Brevard county, and Indian River county due to maritime influences of the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean. However, winters are still warmer than most other areas of the United States in winter. Central Florida’s typical high temperatures in the winter are around 70 °F. The low temperatures near 50 F.

History

At the end of the Civil War, aside from the cattle, cotton, and coastal lands, much of central Florida was wetlands. It took a major drainage project financed by businessman Hamilton Disston in the 1880s to make these wetland areas available for settlement. Sanford was incorporated in 1877 as a port city at the Lake Monroe intersection and the St. Johns River. It was envisioned as a transportation center; the city's founder, Henry S. Sanford, nicknamed it "the Gate City of South Florida". It became a hub for shipping agricultural products, which earned the city another nickname, "Celery City".

Kissimmee, originally named Allendale, after Confederate Major J.H. Allen, who operated the first cargo steamboat on the Kissimmee River, boomed in the 1880s. It was the headquarters of Hamilton Disston's drainage company. The city was an important regional steamship port, owing that status to its location on Lake Tohopekaliga. Expanding the railroads into central Florida eliminated the need for Kissimmee's steamship industry.

The Great Freeze of 1894-1895 ruined citrus crops, which had a detrimental ripple effect on the economy.

The hard-packed sand of Volusia County's beaches lent itself to auto races beginning in 1903 before paved roads were common, leading to the area's reputation for cars and racing. Ormond Beach was a popular spot for those who liked fast cars after the turn of the 20th century because the hard-packed beach was ideal for going fast. The same beach had led to the development of a tourist resort by Henry Flagler. It later attracted Flagler's former business partner John D. Rockefeller, who had a winter home in Ormond.

During and after World War II, the U.S. Army Air Forces (U.S. Air Force after 1947) and the U.S. Navy established several training facilities and operational bases in the region, mainly for aviation activities, followed by space exploration sites. In the late 1940s, the U.S. military established a missile testing facility on Merritt Island near Cape Canaveral. The land was largely undeveloped and the agreeable climate allowed for year-round operations. When NASA later searched for a long-term base in the 1960s to launch spacecraft, it chose the Merritt Island site next to Cape Canaveral for its access to the testing facility and nearby communities. NASA purchased over 100000 acres of land for the Kennedy Space Center.

Deltona was developed in 1962 as a planned retirement community. It is now the largest city in Volusia County.

The construction of the Walt Disney World Resort was a transforming event for greater Orlando. Walt Disney wanted a location with abundant available land that was more accessible for the residents of the eastern United States to visit. Not only was there ample land in central Florida, but it was inexpensive, and the inland location offered some protection from hurricanes. Plans were announced in 1965, and the theme park opened to the public in 1971.

Culture and attributes
Lamme and Oldakowski's survey identifies several demographic, political, and cultural elements that characterize Central Florida and distinguish it from other areas of the state. While people from all parts of the state associated their area as part of the South, people in the southern part of central Florida did not typically identify their area as part of "Dixie", while people in northern central Florida did. People from central Florida usually did not consider their region part of the Bible Belt.

Politically, while north Florida overwhelmingly was considered conservative and south Florida was considered more liberal, the majority of central Florida residents (52%) considered their area moderate; 41% considered it conservative, and 7% liberal. Lamme and Oldakowski's survey tracks with Barney Warf and Cynthia Waddell's studies of Florida's political geography during the 2000 Presidential election. Central Florida's economy is very similar to that in south Florida. Compared to the more diversified north Florida economy, tourism is by far the most significant industry in central and south Florida, along with a much smaller but significant agricultural industry.

Lamme and Oldakowski's survey also found some cultural indicators that characterize central Florida. In general, central Florida was similar to north Florida and differed from south Florida in these measures. In central and north Florida, American cuisine was the most popular food, in contrast to south Florida where ethnic foods were equally popular. Additionally, while there was little geographical variation for most styles of music, there was regional variation for both country and Latin music. Country was popular in central and north Florida, and less so in south Florida, while Latin was less popular in central and north Florida, and more so in south Florida.

Demographics
In 2009, the estimated total population of the central Florida, including the populations of Orange, Seminole, Osceola, Brevard, Volusia, and Lake Counties region was 3.3 million people. If the populations of Polk and Sumter counties were included, the estimated population would be 3.969 million people. Exponential growth has fueled central Florida for the past thirty years.

As of 2007 there were 70,000 Asians in central Florida according to the U.S. Census. There were almost 1,900 Japanese persons, making up 3% of the Asians.

Cities
Selected cities in central Florida arranged by population:

Economy
Agriculture has occupied a large portion of central Florida's economy, with winter strawberries, citrus, timber, vegetables, and aquaculture all making major contributions.

Tourism is a large contributor to central Florida's economy.

The area has economically diversified in the past decade. As a high-tech industrial hub, Metro Orlando has the seventh largest research park in the U.S., Central Florida Research Park, the engineering and business school of the University of Central Florida. It has defense companies such as Lockheed Martin and Siemens.

Medical research is prominent at Tampa's University of South Florida and Orlando's University of Central Florida, as well as the Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute biomedical research facility. USF in particular is a national leader in cancer and dementia research.

The Tampa Bay area has become a center of high-tech manufacturing and research, while both Orlando and the Tampa Bay area are centers for the financial industry, especially insurers and back-end operations for large banking companies.

Active military installations in the region include Patrick Space Force Base and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station located on the Atlantic coast; MacDill Air Force Base, Coast Guard Air Station Clearwater and Coast Guard Sector St. Petersburg on the Gulf Coast; and Naval Support Activity Orlando, the Navy Pinecastle Impact (Bombing) Range, and the Avon Park Air Force Range located inland. These are augmented by major commands that are tenant activities at these installations, such as the headquarters for United States Central Command (USCENTCOM) and the headquarters for United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) at MacDill AFB, the Naval Ordnance Test Unit and Coast Guard Station Port Canaveral at Cape Canaveral SFS, and other Active, Reserve, Army National Guard, and Air National Guard activities that are located as either stand-alone facilities or as tenants on the active duty installations.

Additional former facilities that have since been closed and converted to civilian use include Hillsborough Army Air Field, a World War II training range which is now part of a neighborhood, Busch Gardens Tampa Bay, and the University of South Florida; Naval Air Station Sanford, which closed in 1968 and is the present day Orlando-Sanford International Airport; McCoy Air Force Base, which closed in 1975 and is the present day Orlando International Airport; and Orlando Air Force Base, which was transferred to the Navy in 1968 and renamed Naval Training Center Orlando until its BRAC-directed closure in 1999 and conversion to the present day Baldwin Park neighborhood.

The other major U.S. Government installations in central Florida is the Kennedy Space Center, a NASA facility located adjacent to Cape Canaveral SFS, and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Outpatient Clinic at Baldwin Park (former Orlando AFB Hospital / former Naval Hospital Orlando) and the VA Hospital at Lake Nona.

Theme parks

 * Walt Disney World Resort, which includes Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios, Disney's Animal Kingdom, Disney's Typhoon Lagoon and Disney's Blizzard Beach
 * SeaWorld Orlando
 * Universal Orlando Resort, which includes Universal Studios Florida, Universal Islands of Adventure and Universal Volcano Bay
 * Busch Gardens Tampa Bay and Adventure Island
 * Legoland Florida
 * Gatorland
 * Fun Spot America Theme Parks

Zoos
Central Florida has four major zoos, the Central Florida Zoo and Botanical Gardens in Sanford, the Brevard Zoo in Melbourne, the Busch Gardens Tampa Bay animal park, and Lowry Park Zoo in Tampa. There are also two theme parks in Orlando featuring animals, albeit to a much lesser extent: Disney's Animal Kingdom and SeaWorld Orlando.

Natural areas
Central Florida also has a wide variety of natural attractions including the Bok Tower Gardens, Wekiwa Springs State Park, Blue Spring State Park, Rock Springs Run State Reserve, Canaveral National Seashore, and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. The region also boasts an extensive network of recreational trails (jogging, biking, equestrian, etc.). While many connections are already in place, construction continues and will link all of the trails and greenways. Major trails include the Cady Way, Cross Seminole and West Orange Trails. Many of the top ranked beaches in the United States are located in central Florida.

Airports
Major international airports include: • Orlando International Airport

• Daytona Beach International Airport

• Orlando-Sanford International Airport

• Tampa International Airport

• St. Pete-Clearwater International Airport

• Melbourne International Airport

• Leesburg International Airport

• Lakeland Linder International Airport

• Winter Haven's Gilbert Airport

• Space Coast Regional Airport

Seaports

Port Canaveral, located in Cape Canaveral 45 minutes east of Orlando, is a cruise, cargo, and naval port. It is one of the busiest ports in Florida and is economically tied to Orlando. Locally perceived to be Orlando's seaport, Port Canaveral is the closest port for tourists and Orlando residents alike to cruise on Disney Cruise Lines and Carnival Cruises. Future plans for the port include a rail and natural gas line running directly to Orlando International Airport.

Another major seaport of the region is Port Tampa Bay, which is one of the busiest in the state and is on the verge of a huge expansion which will allow it to compete on an international level.

Freeways and highways

Limited Access Freeways and Expressways:

• Interstate 4 (Florida State Road 400)

• Interstate 75 (SR 93 and 93A)

• Interstate 275 (SR 93)

• Interstate 175 (SR 594)

• Interstate 375

• Interstate 95 (SR 9)

• Florida's Turnpike (SR 91)

• Florida State Road 100 – Moody Boulevard

• Florida State Road 528 – Beachline Expressway

• Florida State Road 408 – Holland East/West Expressway

• Florida State Road 417 – Central Florida GreeneWay

• Florida State Road 429 – Western Expressway

• Florida State Road 414 – Apopka Bypass

• Florida State Road 570 – Polk Parkway

• Florida State Road 589 – Veteran's Expressway

• Florida State Road 618 – Selmon Expressway

Major Surface Arterials: • U.S. Highway 441

• U.S. Highway 17-92

• U.S. Highway 27

• U.S. Highway 192

• U.S. Highway 1

• U.S. Highway 98

• Florida State Road 19

• Florida State Road 33

• Florida State Road 46

• Florida State Road 415

• Florida State Road 436

• Florida State Road 50

• Florida State Road 60

• Florida State Road 520* U.S. Highway 41

Public transportation

A regional commuter rail network is being developed in central Florida. The first of these initiatives, SunRail, is a commuter rail line that runs from DeLand south to Kissimmee. The first phase was completed in 2014 with the full system in place in 2015. Amtrak also serves central Florida running on CSX Transportation's A line and stops at the Orlando Amtrak station. The Auto Train stops in Sanford, Florida, north of downtown Orlando.

As of 2022, a high speed rail between Orlando and Miami is currently being developed by Brightline, who plans to extend the rail to Tampa after completion.

Education
Florida's public primary and secondary schools are administered by the Florida Department of Education.

title: Central Florida


text:
Rolling Thunder Pictures

Rolling Thunder Pictures was a short-lived film distribution company, set up under Miramax Films by Quentin Tarantino, that was headed by Jerry Martinez and Tarantino. It specialized on releasing independent, cult, or foreign films to theaters. The company was created in 1995 but closed in 1999. The company was named after the film Rolling Thunder.

Releases
The following films were re-released under the Rolling Thunder Pictures label:

 * The Beyond (in association with Grindhouse Releasing)
 * Chungking Express
 * Detroit 9000
 * Mighty Peking Man
 * Sonatine
 * Switchblade Sisters

The label also released the independent films Hard Core Logo and Curdled. The 1994 Jet Li film Fist of Legend had been scheduled for a Rolling Thunder Pictures release, but eventually Dimension Films released it. Other production companies re-released on DVD later.

Quentin Tarantino's Rolling Thunder Pictures Triple Feature
On April 16, 2013, coinciding with the release of Django Unchained, Miramax and Lions Gate released a special DVD set of three films previously released under the Rolling Thunder Pictures label. The set includes The Mighty Peking Man, a King Kong knock-off; Detroit 9000, a detective-style blaxploitation film; and Switchblade Sisters, an obvious inspiration for Tarantino's films. Tarantino said of the collection "If you like my stuff, you can look at it as – this is where mine came from."

Further References

 * Retrospective page at the Quentin Tarantino Archives
 * List of Rolling Thunder Films in the Grindhouse Cinema Database
 * DJANGO and QT’s Rolling Thunder triple feature released today

title: Rolling Thunder Pictures


text:
User:WiseGuy H.E.C.

WiseGuy: A Short Question and Answer.
There are many who wish to know about WiseGuy and so this article has been created in response to the questions which I have been asked in the past;

Well, WiseGuy is obviously not my real name; it is merely a nickname which was given to me by an old and wise friend of mine who whilst having a problem with a computer at his LAN gaming centre asked me to look at the computer problem which he had been struggling with for the past two weeks. I immediately discovered that the problem was that he had conflicting motherboard drivers installed on the computer and so it was causing the trouble. He looked at me, very amazed and said: “That Guy, he’s so wise.” and the nickname kind of stuck. I carried on using the nickname for the ten years that I was playing Unreal Tournament in clan [LEGION] as [LEGION]WiseGuy (more on that later).
 * Why do you go by the name of WiseGuy?

=To be continued.= This is a work in progress and so will be completed. --by WiseGuy H.E.C. 13:26, 30 Nov 2004 (UTC)

title: User:WiseGuy H.E.C.


text:
Tame group

In mathematical group theory, a tame group is a certain kind of group defined in model theory.

Formally, we define a bad field as a structure of the form (K, T), where K is an algebraically closed field and T is an infinite, proper, distinguished subgroup of K, such that (K, T) is of finite Morley rank in its full language. A group G is then called a tame group if no bad field is interpretable in G.

title: Tame group


text:
Stowe School

Stowe School is a public school (English fee-charging boarding and day school) for pupils aged 13–18 in Stowe, England. It opened on 11 May 1923, initially with 99 schoolboys, and with J. F. Roxburgh as the first headmaster. The school is a member of the 18 member Rugby Group, the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference, and the G30 Schools' Group. Originally for boys only, the school is now coeducational, with 541 boys and 374 girls - 915 students enrolled in the school as of September 2023.

As of the 2024/25 Academic Year, Stowe School charges up to £46,701 per year (£15,567 per term, three terms per academic year for 2024/25). The school offers three fee brackets based on the type of placement. Boarders are charged £46,701 per year, while pupils in the limited "Day in Boarding" program pay between £33,576 and £38,076 annually. These students are assigned to one of the school's boarding houses and have the opportunity to board there for a maximum of two nights per week. Pupils in one of the school's three Day Houses—Winton, Cheshire, and Croft—are charged £28,464 per academic year. Students in the Day houses are not given the option to board. The school provides bursaries and other means of financial assistance to admitted students who exhibit outstanding abilities in the Arts, Academics, Sports, and other areas. A typical scholarship at Stowe is worth 5% of the school fee.

The school has been based since its beginnings at Stowe House, formerly the country seat of the Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos. Along with many of the other buildings on the school's estate, the main house is now a Grade I Listed Building and is maintained (since 1997) by the Stowe House Preservation Trust.

History
Stowe School opened in 1923. The main building is Stowe House, whose exterior was completed by 1779. Funding for the school came through the Rev. Percy Warrington and the Martyrs Memorial Trust. The school's first architect was Clough Williams-Ellis.

The first Headmaster was J. F. Roxburgh. He aimed to focus on the individual child and introduce them to beauty and learning; he wanted a civilised school founded on Christian values.

The Beatles played a concert at Stowe School on 4 April 1963. A recording of the concert was revealed in 2023, and leaked to the public later in the year.

Today
The school's cricket ground is used as a first class ground by Northamptonshire CCC.

The Stowe Corner of Silverstone Circuit is named after the school.

A Southern Railway "Schools Class" steam locomotive, No. 928, which was built in 1934 was named after the school, and is preserved at the Bluebell Railway in East Sussex.

In 2016, a Daily Telegraph investigator posing as a parent of a Russian pupil was told by the then school registrar that while pupils would always be expected to pass the entrance exam, it would help secure a place if a borderline child's parents were able to donate "about £100,000 or something like that."

Boarding houses
There are 13 boarding houses: 8 boys' houses and 5 girls' houses. There are also three Day Houses - 2 boys' houses and 1 girls' house. The boarding houses are mostly named after members of the family of Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. Each house has a number or letter assigned to it.

Cricket ground
The first recorded match on the school cricket ground came in 1928 when Stowe School played St Paul's School. Buckinghamshire played their first Minor Counties Championship match there in 1947, when the opponents were Berkshire. Between 1947 and 1982 the ground held five Minor Counties Championship matches, the last of which saw Buckinghamshire draw against Bedfordshire. The ground has also hosted a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match which saw Buckinghamshire play Bedfordshire.

The ground has also held a single List A match for Northamptonshire in the 2005 totesport League, against Gloucestershire. and has held fourteen Second XI fixtures for the Northamptonshire Second XI in the Second XI Championship and Second XI Trophy.

Headmasters

 * 1923–1949: J. F. Roxburgh
 * 1949–1958: Eric Reynolds
 * 1958–1964: Donald Crichton-Miller
 * 1964–1979: Robert Drayson
 * 1979–1989: Christopher Turner
 * 1989–2003: Jeremy Nichols
 * 2003–present: Anthony Wallersteiner

Notable former pupils
Former pupils of Stowe School are known as Old Stoics. Matthew Vaughn is currently the President of the Old Stoic Society. Old Stoics include:
 * Michael Alexander (1920–2004), British Army officer
 * John Anderson (1918–1943), British Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * Noel Annan, Baron Annan (1916–2000), British intelligence officer and academic
 * Adam Atkinson (born 1967), Bishop of Bradwell
 * John Attlee, 3rd Earl Attlee (born 1956), Conservative politician and grandson of Prime Minister Clement Attlee
 * George Barclay (1920–1942), Royal Air Force fighter pilot and World War II flying ace
 * Alexander Bernstein, Baron Bernstein of Craigweil (1936–2010), British television executive and member of the Labour Party
 * Oliver Bertram (1910–1975), English racing driver
 * Richard Boston (1938–2006), English journalist and author
 * John Boyd-Carpenter, Baron Boyd-Carpenter (1908–1998), Conservative politician
 * Richard Branson (born 1950), British businessman
 * Lyndon Brook (1926–2004), British actor
 * Jack Brooksbank (born 1986), English businessman and husband of Princess Eugenie
 * Simon Brown, Baron Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood (1937–2023), British barrister, judge and Justice of the Supreme Court
 * Florence Brudenell-Bruce (born 1985), British actress and model
 * Martin Buckmaster, 3rd Viscount Buckmaster (1921–2007), British diplomat
 * James Burnell-Nugent (born 1949), Royal Navy officer and Commander-in-Chief Fleet
 * Henry Cavill (born 1983), British actor
 * Leonard Cheshire, Baron Cheshire (1917–1992), recipient of the Victoria Cross and founder of the Cheshire Foundation
 * Oliver Churchill (1914–1997), SOE officer during World War II
 * Simon Clegg (born 1959), British sports businessman, former CEO of the British Olympic Association and Ipswich Town Football Club
 * Peter Coke (1913–2008), English actor, playwright and artist
 * Oliver Colvile (born 1959), Conservative politician and MP
 * John C. Corlette (1911–1977), English architect, Gordonstoun teacher and founder of Aiglon College
 * John Cornford (1915–1936), English poet and communist
 * Andrew Croft (1906–1998), SOE officer during World War II and Arctic explorer
 * Joanna "Jo" da Silva (born 1967), engineer and founder of Arup International Development Group
 * Chelsy Davy (born 1985), Zimbabwean businesswoman and former girlfriend of Prince Harry
 * Michael Deeley (born 1932), British film producer and Academy Award winner
 * Robin Devereux, 19th Viscount Hereford (born 1975)
 * Simon Digby (1932–2010), English oriental scholar
 * Roland "Roly" Drower (1953–2008), English software engineer, journalist, activist, poet and composer
 * Ben Duckett (born 1994), English cricketer
 * John David Eaton (1909–1973), Canadian businessman
 * Hugh Dundas (1920–1995), Royal Air Force fighter pilot and broadcasting executive
 * John Dundas (1915–1945), Royal Air Force fighter pilot and World War II flying ace
 * Alex Farquharson, British curator and art critic
 * Thomas Firbank (1910–2000), Welsh-Canadian author, farmer and military officer
 * Gareth Forwood (1945–2007), British actor
 * David Foster (1920–2010), Royal Navy pilot and business executive
 * Reginald "Reg" Gadney (1941–2018), English painter and thriller-writer
 * Howard Goodall (born 1958), English composer
 * Michael Grade, Baron Grade of Yarmouth (born 1943), English television executive and businessman
 * Harry Gregson-Williams (born 1961), British composer, conductor, orchestrator and record producer
 * George Haig, 2nd Earl Haig (1918–2009)
 * Rose Hanbury (born 1984), peeress, model and political staffer
 * Edward Hardwicke (1932–2011), English actor
 * Peter Hayman (1914–1992), British diplomat
 * Jack Hayward (1923–2015), English businessman, philanthropist and former owner of Wolverhampton Wanderers
 * Robert Heber-Percy (1911–1987), English eccentric
 * Nicholas Henderson (1919–2009), British diplomat and writer
 * Nigel Henderson (1917–1985), English documentary artist and photographer; asked to leave after burning a Union Flag
 * John Henniker-Major, 8th Baron Henniker (1916–2004), British diplomat
 * Annabel Heseltine (born 1963), British journalist
 * Roger Hodgson (born 1950), English singer-songwriter and founding member of British rock band Supertramp
 * Oscar Humphries (born 1981), Australian art dealer and journalist
 * Robert Kee (1919–2013), British journalist, historian and writer
 * Danny Kinahan (born 1958), Ulster Unionist politician and MP
 * Adam King (born 1999), English cricketer
 * Marc Koska (born 1961), English inventor
 * Percy "Laddie" Belgrave Lucas (1915–1998), Royal Air Force officer, golfer, author and MP
 * Nicholas Lyell, Baron Lyell of Markyate (1938–2010), English Conservative politician, Solicitor-General for England and Wales and Attorney-General for England, Wales and Northern Ireland
 * George Parker, 8th Earl of Macclesfield (1914–1992)
 * Gavin Maxwell (1914–1969), British naturalist and author
 * Alistair McAlpine, Baron McAlpine of West Green (1942–2014), British businessman, politician and author
 * George Melly (1926–2007), English jazz singer, critic, writer, and art history lecturer
 * Crispian Mills (born 1973), English singer-songwriter and film director
 * Christopher Robin Milne (1920–1996), English author, bookseller and son of A. A. Milne
 * George Monbiot (born 1963), British writer, journalist and activist
 * Iain Moncreiffe, 11th Baronet (1919–1985), British officer of arms and genealogist
 * Chandos Morgan (1920–1993), British priest, military chaplain and Archdeacon of the Royal Navy
 * David Niven (1910–1983), British actor, author and military officer
 * Edward Donough "Toby" O'Brien (1909–1979), British journalist, propaganda expert and spy
 * Marilyn Okoro (born 1984), British track and field athlete
 * Dalton Philips (born 1968), Irish businessman
 * Anthony Quinton, Baron Quinton (1925–2010), British philosopher
 * Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1923–2005)
 * Miranda Raison (born 1977), British actress
 * James Reeves (1909–1978), British writer
 * Graham Riddick (born 1955), Conservative politician and MP
 * Geoffrey Russell, 4th Baron Ampthill (1921–2011)
 * John Sainsbury, Baron Sainsbury of Preston Candover (1927–2022), British businessman and politician
 * David Shepherd (1931–2017), British artist and conservationist
 * Tilly Smith (born 1994), 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami rescuer
 * David Stevens, Baron Stevens of Ludgate (born 1936), member of the UK Independence Party
 * Edmund "Ed" Stoppard (born 1974), British actor
 * Richard Sutton (born 1937), businessman
 * Henrik Takkenberg (1967–2006), musician
 * Karan Thapar (born 1955), Indian journalist
 * Richard "Ric" Thorpe (born 1965), Bishop of Islington
 * Simon Towneley (1921-2022), Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire
 * Bubby Upton (born 1999), British equestrian
 * Matthew Vaughn (born 1971), British director and producer
 * Michael Ventris (1922–1956), English architect, classicist and philologist who deciphered Linear B
 * Jon Vickers (1916–2008), British trade union leader
 * Rollo Weeks (born 1987), British businessman and actor
 * Laurence Whistler (1912–2000), English artist and poet
 * Graeme White (born 1987), English cricketer
 * Nicholas Winton (1909–2015), British stockbroker and humanitarian
 * Henry Worsley (1960–2016), British explorer
 * Peregrine Worsthorne (1923–2020), British journalist and writer
 * David Wynne (1926–2014), British sculptor
 * George Zambellas (born 1958), Royal Navy officer, First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff

Notable masters and staff

 * Theodore Acland (1890–1960), housemaster 1924–1930; later headmaster of Norwich School
 * T. H. White (1906–1964), English teacher 1932–1936; author known for his sequence of Arthurian novels, The Once and Future King, first published together in 1958
 * Harry Gregson-Williams (born 1961), composer in residence 2012–2013; Old Stoic and Hollywood composer
 * Peter Farquhar (1946–2015), English teacher 1983–2004; author and murder victim

title: Stowe School


text:
National Criminal Intelligence Service

The National Criminal Intelligence Service (NCIS) was a United Kingdom policing agency. Following the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2001, NCIS returned to direct funding by the Home Office in 2002 and was a non-departmental public body. On 1 April 2006 it was merged into the newly created Serious Organised Crime Agency. The unit was established in April 1992, previously known as the National Drugs Intelligence Unit. Organised according to the Police Act 1997, the functions of NCIS were to gather intelligence data and analysed this information to provide the necessary insight and intelligence to national police forces. The act also empowered the service with rights to perform surveillance operations.

Organisation of the service included units specialising in organised crimes and crimes involving illicit drugs, football and financial issues. A specialised unit was focused especially on kidnap and extortion, counterfeit money, the stealing of automobiles and paedophilic crimes. At the time of the creation of the service, there was a paedophile unit integral to the organisation of the service. The service consisted of 500 officers.

The service was designed specifically to act against crime classified as both organised in performance and of a serious nature. Relevant groups were to include necessarily:
 * at least three people
 * engaging in ongoing criminal activity for prolonged periods, something like a "career criminal"
 * are motivated in acting to gain in power and for the accumulation of profit.

The service received £138 million in funding during 1999.

The unit was merged with the National Crime Squad and other agencies in 2006 to form SOCA.

The Director General had no responsibility for terrorist responses, which at the time was dealt with by the Security Service (MI5) and Constabulary Special Branches coordinated by the Metropolitan Police Special Branch (MPSB).

title: National Criminal Intelligence Service


text:
Johnny van Doorn

Johan "Johnny" van Doorn (12 November 1944 – 26 January 1991) was a Dutch writer, poet, and performer, first in Arnhem, later in the country's capital Amsterdam. As a poet Van Doorn called himself Johnny the Selfkicker, a nickname fulfilled by means of wild, often haphazard, performances, during which he never failed to work himself into a frenzy, often resulting in him collapsing in front of an astonished audience, for example in the middle of a large retail outlet.

Early life
Johan van Doorn was born on 12 November 1944, during the final stages of World War II, in the village of Beekbergen. His parents had fled there from their native city of Arnhem, where Operation Market Garden was culminating in the Battle of Arnhem. Van Doorn would later spend most of his childhood and youth in the ruins of Arnhem.

His childhood years were not easy for Van Doorn, because he was born from a marriage between a Dutch man and a German woman.

Career
Later he became well known for his "primordial verse", as he used to call it; poetry at its very roots, the cradle of humanity from which nothing emanates but hoarse and raw screams and sounds that hardly have any resemblance with actual words and their meaning.

Early in his career Van Doorn was not very popular. Not just his poetry, but his entire posture, as well as his frantic and openly demonstrated drug use were offensive to many people during those otherwise so orderly and phlegmatic postwar decades in the Netherlands, when student uproars, hippies and "altered states of perception" had not yet been heard of. Many people would later come to admire the dedication that characterises Van Doorn's performances and writing.

Van Doorn died on 26 January 1991 in Amsterdam, at the age of 46.

Namesake
A Dutch bi-annual Prize for Spoken Literature and a square in the centre of Arnhem are both named after him.

title: Johnny van Doorn


text:
User talk:Boothy443/Archive 2

Do not revert changes to Template:Infobox President
Please do not revert my changes to the template. Thank you! --Just my 2 cents -- Hemanshu 03:14, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Reverting my changes led to the template not working properly. so I requested you not to do so. Where is the question of permission or ownership in that? I do not think I own any page. --Just my 2 cents -- Hemanshu 03:20, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Do note my first statement.--User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 03:25, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Mistake
What am I supposed to have vandalized ? I don not understand your message ???

Time restrictions
My workplace has removed internet access from the computer that I'm at for half the shift. The other half of the shift is spent mostly making rounds, which leaves very little free time to help out around here. I try to help with the simple things that can be done in short bursts -- I'm still liable to get called away at any time for one reason or another. I'm seriously considering getting RR at home so I can get on here more often. I see you're staying busy. :-) SWAdair | Talk  07:06, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * My computer time at home is usually spent playing games or touching up photos. (I can't believe I spent three grand on that computer and mainly use it as a game machine.  Sheesh!)  I would gladly give up the game time to get my WP fix.  SWAdair | Talk  07:12, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Amtrak
I tried a minor rewording and I fear that I wrote a short book. Please let me know what you think, and feel free to condense, etc. Thanks for the headsup. Mark in Richmond Vaoverland 07:57, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)

Capital Beltway
I responded on Talk:Capital Beltway; I propose Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway) as a compromise, though it will have to be listed on WP:RM to be moved there. Anyway, wherever you end up moving it, please fix the double redirects (as well as the link in Template:3di 95).

By the way, thanks for editing Interstate 495 (Washington, D.C.) so a move back there will also require listing on WP:RM.

As for moving Interstate 395 (Washington, D.C.) to Interstate 395 (District of Columbia/Virginia), I have no real objection to this (though I have been using Washington, D.C. in titles rather than District of Columbia), but if you're going to make changes like this, PLEASE fix the double redirects and Template:3di 95. If you don't do this, I'm going to move it back. --SPUI (talk) 20:53, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

NCAA championships
I'm not sure why you made this edit. The removal of that line was correct. CryptoDerk 05:59, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * It wasn't vandalism. Indiana has won 5 national championships and is already listed as having won 5.  When the anon removed the line "Indiana 1" they were correct to do so.  CryptoDerk 06:10, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)

WHAT THE FUCK,
I NEVER FUCKING EDITTED ANY FUCKING VANDALISEN- STOP FUCKING ACCUSING FUCKING ME- FUCK YOU AND STO FUCKING SENDING ME FUCKING MESSAGES YOU FUCKING FUCKER. --KIDWBVUGVFGTYR 06:02, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * and hse just proves who he really is --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 06:12, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
Thank you friend, for reverting the...... strange, let us say, vandalism KIDWBVUGVFGTYR commited on my page. I would have done the same for you (washing away the vandalism, not vandalize) ;), but I'll leave you the priviledge since another comment has been added below it. How do we submit a ban suggestion on Wikipedia? --Liberlogos 06:14, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

And by the way, do you know what this was about? I am aware of no edit of his having been reverted by myself. --Liberlogos 06:16, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I apologize.....
I'm sorry if I caused any trouble, i was going to go back and erase it. I was just having a laugh with friend.....sorry, no more.

Yo
You must give prove that I vandalised before you accuse me. --De la a la de a la 06:43, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Yo Again
Im afraid thats not enough evidence- Im sorry :( --De la a la de a la 06:53, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Hello
IM BACK!! --De la a la de a la 06:56, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC),is really User:219.77.244.182 but he isnt smart enough to know that sit still shows up in the log.

Donegal Celtic
Hello??? Boothy, please stop changing my entry on Donegal Celtic, i am a suppporter of the football club, everything in the article i wrote is completely accurate! and nothing is copyrighted. This is my team i know the history i know the club! you do not, so please leave it as it is!!!

Thank You You Prick Tiocfaidh Ar La

My page
Please stop reverting my user page. You are simply reverting my page on a whim without consulting me or anyone else, or following any sort of procedure. You claim to opposed in principle to vandals, but you have no problem engaging in revert wars when it suits you. What you are doing to me is a form of vandalism too.
 * Humm no sig, thinks he owns an ip, intresting concept. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 07:05, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I used to have a username until persistent false accusations from an administrator named Apollomelos forced me to stay anonymous.

 * ahh so he is a anon vandal. sure buddy. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 07:09, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Learn how to speak English please: "an anon vandal." Your last response was incoherent. I am not an anon vandal; I simply do not want to be attacked.

 * right buddy, what ever, if you dont want to be attacked, then dont edit, welcome to the real world where things arnt always roses. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 18:37, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I have been called a homophobe, bigot, Ku Klux Klan member, been charged with concerted vandalism, and do not enjoy it. I have had my username deleted in utter embarrasment. That is not fair.

 * As if on one else has ever been called that, true or not. Life isnt fair, deal with it. Their must have been some reason for repatiable users to say such things, and user names can not be deleted, and if your sooo offended by what has happend to you why dont you take it to a higher autority then attempting your dumb campaing of i dont think i should bee called this so i wipe my page clean thinbg, so that you raise the ire of others. But i dout that you will do that so in the mean time bugg off my talk page on your watch list. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 22:24, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC) Oh btw i sig your post, or i will consider them vandalism

You are seriously illiterate. Just about everything you write is mispelled. Thanks for telling me to "bugg" off, nice day to you too. 128.143.167.170 22:50, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Didnt know that i was taken a spelling test, i thought that these pages are used for informal chat, huh. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 22:54, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Pioneer Zephyr
I would appreciate if you could take a quick look at this FAC. If you agree, we could use a support vote for it. The other writer has doen some great stuff on railroads. We're not getting objections, just not enough support. Thanks. Vaoverland 05:23, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)

IP
You need a developer to get a logged in user's IP. RickK 08:44, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)

Every time I've sent an email to an ISP asking them to do something about a vandal, they don't even bother to respond. RickK 08:51, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)

edit summaries
I know vandals can be annoying, but edit summaries like "Hey ASSHOLE, get a fing life and go f off" are too likely to cause edit wars and unnecessary problems. Please, make sure you stay friendly even to the worst of editors. It's the best way to stay out of trouble. ;) Mgm|(talk) 09:39, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)

 * Dont belive it would have made a difference anyway. --User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 09:41, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I'm the so called VANDAL
My apologies, but I only vandalised one page, ISO 216. I did this to test the response time of admins. All the other notes on my page were, I imagain, from other users of my IP address. Also, according to the instructions at the top of this page here, capital letters shouldn't be used. Sorry to have bothered you, but please do reply,--62.253.64.17 07:13, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * If it wasn't you who vandalized other pages, it was somebody sharing your IP address. Look here for example. Don't want to be mistaken for such people? Then get your own username. Even if this earlier vandalism wasn't by you, it seems extraordinarily arrogant to vandalize a single page in order to "test the response time of admins": it means that you believe your little experiment is more valuable than others' time. Anyone having a legitimate reason (hard to imagine) for such an "experiment" would, just for starters, already be knowledgable about Wikipedia; and anyone who's knowledgable about Wikipedia knows that people other than administrators can and do revert vandalism. -- Hoary 12:09, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)

Vandal
Sorry about that. I just saw it. He's also going to have to change his name. If this happens again, take it to WP:AN/I. RickK 07:02, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

Oh, and I was already planning on wearing jeans and a Hawaiian shirt tomorrow. :) RickK 07:05, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

Re:VFD
Are you talking about Jeffsterz? It is absolutely OK to bring old, orphaned VfDs to reconsideration. In fact, it's most of the time the only proper way to handle a vandalized VfD that never got deleted but is not a speedy. Keep up with the good work you are doing! jni 10:25, 11 Mar 2005 (UTC)

KYW
Please put the KYW (AM) page back where it belongs. There is no such thing as "-AM". 18.26.0.18 18:32, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

London
Could you please desist from your bizarre recreation of pointless white space in the London article? Thank you. Wincoote 08:01, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * whatever dude. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:03, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I did look at my edits before I posted them. Your justification for your latest revert is simply untrue, unless articles can display differently for different users. Wincoote 08:07, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Equis International
Hello. I reverted your copyvio notice on Equis International, and I thought I ought to explain myself. The copyright holders at the company gave permission for the text to be released under the GFDL, as described in the talk page. Thanks for listing items on WP:CP though! Your work is appreciated. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 12:23, Mar 16, 2005 (UTC)

User_talk:Narcissus14
Why do you call my edits "vandalism"?

"Vandalism is indisputable bad-faith addition, deletion, or change to content, made in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of the encyclopedia. The largest quantity of vandalism consists of replacement of prominent articles with obscenities, namecalling, or other wholly irrelevant content. Any good-faith effort to improve the encyclopedia, even if misguided or ill-considered, is not vandalism. Apparent bad faith edits that do not make their bad faith nature explicit and inarguable, are not considered vandalism at Wikipedia." see Vandalism

Please clarify your view.

User:Auto movil
Do not revert changes without reason. I see you have a longstanding problem with that. Auto movil 08:26, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I said don't revert people's changes without reason. You reverted a good sentence back into a bad one, and if you don't know what I'm referring to, you're probably changing too many articles at once. Auto movil 08:33, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Your accusation has been noted. Please do something productive with your time. Auto movil 08:41, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Another wonderful Wiki user with a stick up his a@@, give me a freaking break, at least i am not being a crybaby. Oh and BTW i did leave a reason, HA. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:49, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Why Boothy, I believe you've just broken Wiki policy against abusiveness. That's even worse than tampering with edits, making false accusations, and all the other things I see here on your very contentious talk page. Pleasure to have known you. Auto movil 09:10, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Vandal?
I beg your pardon. Ameliorate your language, I am but a noob, not a vandal. Try not to feel so self-important. You may live longer. KingOfAllPaperboys 03:41, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, how nice... threats of violence and death too? Check please! -- Netoholic @ 03:47, 2005 Mar 26 (UTC)

 * Heaven forfend! I thought she might live longer if she weren't so excitable.
 * I never threaten. KingOfAllPaperboys 03:57, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Wilmington Station
I think the Wilmington Station article I made should be changed back to its original name. It is primarily Amtrak, not Septa. All the Amtrak Northeast trains pass thorugh it but only one Septa line goes there.

 * Because there are many cities named Wilmington. Amtrak even serves more than one. --SPUI (talk) 04:30, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I'd disagree with you there - in my opinion it should go at the local commuter rail service rather than Amtrak. Anyway, Wilmington Rail Station definitely isn't the right name. --SPUI (talk) 04:39, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * However, we do have articles like Park Street (MBTA station), not Park Street Station. --SPUI (talk) 04:55, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

What about calling it Wilmington (Delaware) Rail Station? It is owned by Amtrak. So it could also be called Wilmington (Delaware) Amtrak Station.

 * What about simply using the standard that other pages use, except for famous ones like South Station (Boston) - Wilmington, Delaware (Amtrak station) or Wilmington (SEPTA station)? --SPUI (talk) 05:03, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * What's wrong with 'giving preference' as long as we have a clearly defined way of doing it? We 'give preference' all the time in article names. Interstate 280 (California) is not at Junipero Serra Freeway. West Side Highway is not at Joe DiMaggio Highway. --SPUI (talk) 05:16, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I did. In that you're wrong. Wilmington Rail Station is not a famous name. --SPUI (talk) 05:20, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

K Street
For now, the information on the show and the place is on the same page, K Street (Washington, DC), because the two are so closely linked. If you could expand the show article enough to require it's own page, it would be very helpful. Thanks, Meelar (talk) 07:36, Mar 28, 2005 (UTC)

Red Arrow Trolleys
Did you see the new article I wrote? I saw that you put up a map of the Norristown trolley. It would be good to put one on the Media and Sharon Hill trolley article.

POV
I'd appreciate if you'd keep an eye on Washington, D.C. and National Rifle Association; there's a bit of a dispute with User:Nyr14 about POV in those articles. If you could help by reverting his changes and making him discuss more on talk, I'd appreciate. Yours, Meelar (talk) 18:29, Apr 6, 2005 (UTC)

Washington Senators/Nationals
No, you misunderstand my point. It's not that "Nats" was the most obvious abbreviation of "Nationals," or that the nickname didn't first derive from the original name of the team. It was simply convenient that "Senators" could yield the same nickname as "Nationals." So the momentum of traditional undeniably did play a significant role, but it's unlikely that the name would have continued to be used had the team changed its official name to something which didn't have the letters NAT somewhere in succession. – Seancdaug 05:41, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)

 * I grew up in the 60s, and it was *understood* that Nats was short for "Nationals", the old alternate name for the Washingtonians. With a seed of doubt planted, I've been looking through Google (realizing that a "fact" being on the Internet, or not, proves nothing) and so far nearly everyone says "Nats" was short for "Nationals". I haven't seen anyone make the connection about NAT being in "Senators". Keep in mind that writers of the 60s were still close to the time when "Nationals" was in more common usage. There's plenty of fiction on the Internet. I saw one site where somebody said "Nat" was short for the Latin word for Senator. Honk! Wrong! And pretty funny, given that the Latin word for Senator is actually "Senator".

 * I still say it's a raw deal to make Washington taxpayers pay for a baseball stadium. DC doesn't need prestige; it is the freaking capital of the U.S. Baseball is a cash cow; it can pay for itself or leave. The council members who backed down when it threatened to leave were cowards. /rant DDerby 08:30, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Oriole Park
Good point, improved wording, although I think Union Park was also called Oriole Park from time to time. Things were not so formal in those days. I will try to do better with the wording. I am enjoying the writing, it's a good outlet, I just need to learn to keep my many opinions to myself most of the time. - Wahkeenah.

Wahkeenah 08:21, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

NRA
Hey, did you know that the NRA first came to prominence in the 1930s, when their overhunting drove the rare Blue Eagle to the brink of extinction?

(Apologies to Richard Armour).

Question with respect to College Park vote
I posted a question at University of Maryland, College Park/Vote in response to your comment on the College Park portion of the vote. Dragons flight 22:07, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)

Re: Newgrounds
You're quite welcome; and thank you for fighting the good fight! :) -- Hadal 02:38, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Ah! Thanks for pointing him out. I had been hiding registered users from my RC results to make sure I hadn't missed any bad edits from anons. (I've been a bit distracted lately.) I'll keep his contribs page active in my browser. Cheers, -- Hadal 02:49, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for keeping my userpage clean! DDerby 07:55, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sorry.
Just having a little harmless fun. It won't happen again.

Thank you, Boothy, for your contribution to the Terri Schiavo discussion.

Would you be so kind as to consider adding a comment here, please? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/NCdave

Thank you, -Dave

 * Heh, first you apologize for a "little harmless fun" but please be on my side man! Ye gads, Dave, have you no shame? Professor Ninja 18:34, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * I wasn't the one who wrote "Sorry." / "Just having a little harmless fun. It won't happen again." That was somebody called DanPanic.  I have no idea what that was all about.  My note to Boothy was because I noticed that he had made a constructive contribution to the Terri_Schiavo discussion.  Sorry I didn't notice when I added my note that it was right after an unsigned note from someone else, so that it wasn't obvious that his note and mine were from different people. NCdave 14:39, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

request denied. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 22:08, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * ha ha --AStanhope 01:04, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Wikithanks
Hey there, thanks for reverting my userpage! And great job all around, I always see you cleaning up vandalism :) T IMBO  ( T A L K )  05:06, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Oliver North onslaught
There seems to be an onslaught on the Oliver North page. Thanks for keeping up with it. Could the page just be protected for a few hours until it dies down? --Holdek (talk)  05:46, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

Doesn't do any good. They've moved on to the Howard Dean article now. RickK 05:47, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * The socks do indeed hit a bunch of political articles, although Oliver North seems to be the focal point. At the risk of sounding like a n00b, is there any way to find his IP and then block that? T IMBO  ( T A L K )  05:53, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Only developers can find the IPs of logged in users. RickK 05:56, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Just a matter of finding some one willing to take some initative to do it. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 05:57, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wouldn't do much good, would it? Each time we block a logged-in user, the associated IP also gets blocked temporarily (and this shows up in the Ipblocklist), but each time they're able to create new usernames and continue.  So it's not a single IP. -- Curps 08:19, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Well just have to do more proactive adminstrating to keep the socks under control. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:21, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

My user page
Hey Boothy, thanks for reverting the helpful diagram someone left on my user page. ;-) Best, SlimVirgin (talk) 06:33, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, it was just an autofellatio image. I didn't really mean it was helpful. LOL! SlimVirgin (talk) 06:45, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

User 68.55.111.13's response
I didn't vandalize any pages. -- 68.55.111.13 07:29, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Penguins
Not a speedy delete — a redirect to Penguin. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 08:50, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * someone's dumb attempt at a spelling mistake, they cant tell the differenc between a g and a q. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:52, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Taoiseach
Are you refering to the Republic of Ireland article? I think the change occurred when Cantus redid the infobox. It might have been a mistake. Iota 14:24, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Vandalizing
hey what the heck are you always doing on wikipedia? you like to spot vandals? -- 4.246.42.49

Humor, I'm touched
Thank you for the sockpuppet pic. You are a gent. A cunt too. But a gent at least.
 * At least I am a gent, can't say the same for you, so sad. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 07:26, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I have been treated most shabbily. My attempts to remove leftist bias have been met with blatant abuse of power. Enjoy my revenge. Hairyhillary 07:28, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Thats nice. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 07:32, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Arlenthespecter3
I have indefinitely blocked Arlenthespecter3 and Hairyhillary. Kingturtle 07:29, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

John Kerry
What do you think about the three points I raised on the talk page, titled "Pro-Kerry bias 04.14.05"? Please reply at Talk:John_Kerry or simply Talk:John_Kerry

Rex071404  216.153.214.94 08:08, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Keep up the good work
I've blocked 200.73.181.142 for 24hrs due to his/her repeated vandalism. I just wanted to say good show in dealing with him and --- why aren't you an admin already? -JCarriker 08:38, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * yep. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:41, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

User:Calles loco vandal
anyways do you know why i vandalized ken bogan's page and called him nigger? hes a rapist. see his talk page and find out man. Calles loco 21:30, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

That user knows me. He doesn't like me because of this. Would you look at this page? He is just a total retard. - Ken Bogan 21:53, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

the Ward Churchill vandal
Hello, can you please explain why the article is POV now and it wasn't POV before. Johnnyio 03:20, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * their is the thing called edit history, let it explan for you. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 03:24, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Just as I thought
You are a sockpuppet and you cannot justify your opinions. You will likewise be reported. Johnnyio 03:28, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * A puppet of who? --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 03:32, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Real Bad Attempt at a threat

 * Just cleaning up after a vandal, and not like i havn't herd that one before, oh and manking threats is a breach of policy and is a lot more serious of a breach. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 04:18, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Have reported your vandalism. Watch out. Johnnyio 04:24, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Watching Watching. Oh look their is a bird, ooo lok their is a plane, ooo look their is a vandal/troll User:Johnnyio. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 04:36, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Re: Thanks
No problem. I put a note at WP:AN/I, and now he's banned. Happy editing, T IMBO  ( T A L K )  05:10, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

On a related note, I removed the VfD tag from Young Left because it seems the vote was never actually started - only the tag was inserted (which created the VfD subpage, and a subsequent argument between Johnnyio and the article's creator). Seems a little weird to me, am I wrong? T IMBO  ( T A L K )  05:34, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

copyvio
What do u mean? If someone is so irresponsible that he posts copyvio messages everywhere without checking his own link, I should wait for him to respond? I randomly clicked two of his copyvio reports - both were not copyvios. Infact he was corrected by someon else for a wrong copyvio notice on the same page. In one case put a copyvio notice because the text was on a wikipedia mirror. Laugh. I am talking about his lucky fuy who put the copyvio notice.
 * The article in question Kishore Kumar checks out, as the site it mirrowed from this site. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 08:54, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Re: your warning
Since when does a nomination for adminship constitute "vandalism"? 63.173.114.137 22:46, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Since you can't, that RFA is a joke, and putting a speedy delete on a page is vandalism. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 22:49, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I didn't put a speedy delete on anything. Someone else put a speedy tag on the SamuraiClinton nomination, which apparently carried over to the main page. Anyway, if it makes you feel better, I'll create an account and log in, since anon users seem to be treated like second-class citizens around here. 63.173.114.137 22:53, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Anons no, morons yes, so register for your acoount and see the hammer keep on falling on you if you continue to be distruptive. Apprently you have been warned before i got to you. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 22:57, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * No personal attacks. 63.173.114.137 23:00, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * just calling a spade a spade, blah blah blah. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 23:02, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Hello
I don't see what you mean about vandalism. I have removed material which I believe is misleading and erroneous. How is that vandalism? I am new to all this so please explain to me. Wendydrag 03:57, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

fully sourced now, thanks for your input
Russ
 * Yep thanks for it being preped for editing. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 06:08, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Well, I don't keep track of them so much as just block them when I see them. As per ArbCom ruling on Iasson, it's reasonable to assume they're all sockpuppets, and use of sockpuppets for reverting or vandalism is banned. -- Curps 06:52, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Boothy443/Archive 2