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Aliens Versus Predator 2

Aliens Versus Predator 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and co-published by Fox Interactive and Sierra On-Line for Microsoft Windows in October 2001, and for Mac OS X in July 2003. The game is a sequel to Aliens Versus Predator (1999); both games are based on the characters of the Alien and Predator media franchises as well as the Alien vs. Predator crossover series. It is set on the fictional planet LV-1201, which houses a vast series of ruins infested with Aliens that is routinely visited by a clan of Predators who hunt the creatures for sport.

The game is played from a first-person perspective. In the single-player mode, players control one of three characters, each with their own abilities and individual story modes. An online multiplayer mode, which allows players to play as one of four teams in competitive modes, is no longer officially supported and requires a community developed patch to enable multiplayer.

An expansion pack titled Aliens Versus Predator 2: Primal Hunt was released in 2002. A Gold Edition of Aliens Versus Predator 2 followed, combining both the original game and the expansion pack into a single package. There was never any plans for a sequel, but in 2010 Rebellion Developments made a reboot simply titled Aliens vs. Predator.

Gameplay
Like its predecessor, Aliens Versus Predator 2 allows the player to choose one of three characters: an Alien, Predator, or human Colonial Marine. Each character has different objectives, abilities and weapons at their disposal. The single-player campaigns present the player with a conventional series of levels that are designed around the abilities of each species.

As an Alien the player can explore most of the game's environments freely, even climbing across walls and ceilings. However, the Alien has no weapons and must use its claws, tail, and jaws to attack enemies. The player can also use a form of echolocation in dark areas and can detect pheromones to discern human or Predator enemies. The Alien can drop from any height without injury and is the fastest of the three player characters.

When playing as the Predator, the player uses a variety of weapons from the Predator films such as wrist blades, a throwing disc, and shoulder-mounted energy weapons. The Predator is more durable than the human or the Alien and can survive falls from greater heights than the human. It can use a cloaking device to become invisible and several different modes of vision to help in the detection of enemies, including infrared vision and a mode sensitive to electrical systems. Unlike in the previous game, the Predator in Aliens Versus Predator 2 recharges its energy supply using a personal item.

As the Colonial Marine, the player uses a number of weapons to combat Aliens and Predators. The Marine wears armor for protection, and uses an image intensifier, flashlight, and flares to improve visibility in dark areas.

Multiplayer
Aliens Versus Predator 2 has several multiplayer modes which can be played through an internet or local area network connection. In each game the player chooses one of four teams to play as: The Aliens, Predators, Marines, or corporate mercenaries (called "Iron Bears" in the game's storyline). Each team has unique abilities, advantages, and disadvantages. The Aliens are able to scale walls and ceilings and the Predators can become invisible, while the two human teams have a large array of heavy weapons as well as motion trackers.

There are six different multiplayer "modes" played on a number of "maps". "Deathmatch" mode is a free-for-all match in which the player's goal is to accumulate the highest number of kills. "Team Deathmatch" has the same goal except that the player is teamed with other players of the same species (or faction, in the case of the Colonial Marines and the Corporate Mercenaries). In "Hunt" there are two teams, one designated as the "hunter" and the other as the "prey"; the hunters accumulate points by killing the prey, while the prey can themselves become hunters by killing members of the hunter team. "Survivor" mode designates all players as "defenders" at the start; if a player is killed they become a "mutant" and can then earn points by killing defenders. Defenders gain points by staying alive without becoming mutants. "Overrun" is a timed match between two teams that is similar to "Survivor" except that each player has a finite number of lives; at the end of the round points are awarded based on the number of surviving members on each team. "Evacuation" is another two-team match with a finite number of lives, in which one team is designated as the "attackers" and the other as "defenders". The attacking team wins by killing all of the defenders, while the defending team wins by locating the map's evacuation point and having at least one member survive within it for ten seconds.

In November 2008, Sierra Entertainment shut down multiplayer functionality for the game. In 2008, a community project titled the Master Server Patch was launched that allowed players to modify the game to restore multiplayer functionality.

Setting
The story of Aliens Versus Predator 2 largely takes place in the year 2231, approximately 52 years after the events of both Aliens and Alien 3. Humanity has established an outpost on the planet LV-1201. The research colony consisted of two major installations: the Primary Operations Complex (POC), designed with the same "shake and bake" architecture seen at Hadley's Hope in Aliens; and the Forward Observation Pods, a set of four (originally five) scientific research facilities suspended over a canyon by a network of trellises, with an internal design style reminiscent of the Nostromo from Alien. A garrison of corporate mercenaries known as the Iron Bears, led by the mercenary general Vassili Rykov, provides security while Dr. Eisenberg runs the science division.

The plot revolves around "The Incident", an event which occurred shortly after 5:18 AM, on November 25, 2230, in which a fight between a Xenomorph (the player character in the game's Alien storyline) and a Predator resulted in the Predator activating its self-destruct device, causing massive damage to the Primary Operations Complex and allowing it to be overrun with Xenomorphs. Since the POC was the communications link between the Forward Observation Pods and the rest of the galaxy, this leaves the survivors at the Pods stranded and unable to call for help. Six weeks later, the Colonial Marines are sent to investigate what happened. Different parts of each campaign take place anywhere from 1 day and 7 hours before The Incident to more than six weeks after.

It is later established in the expansion pack Primal Hunt that LV-1201 was also once the location of a Predator hunting ground, where the Predators hunt Xenomorphs for sport. In Primal Hunt, a lone Predator survivor from a previous botched hunt unwittingly caused a Xenomorph outbreak in Pod 5 while trying to alert other members of its kind to its location. The Iron Bears were forced to destroy Pod 5, while a lone Predator ship intercepted the call. The Alien storyline, which is the earliest point in the main game, picks up about five weeks after this catastrophe occurred.

Plot
The three story lines in Aliens Versus Predator 2 intersect and impact one another, unlike the preceding game.

Alien
From October 15, 2221 to some time in early 2222, "Expedition One" was tasked with studying a then-dormant alien hive on LV-1201. The Hive "woke up" on or immediately prior to New Year's Eve, resulting in mass casualties. The only survivor was Dr. Eisenberg, who was rescued from Observation Post 4 but left traumatized by the experience; there are hints that he ate some of the other expedition members.

At 10:13 PM on November 23, 2230, one day and 7 hours before the Incident, Dr. Eisenberg is discussing some of the facility's problems with a fellow Weyland-Yutani employee. Meanwhile, a shipping crate hiding a Xenomorph egg is delivered to the colony, where an accident awakens the egg and releases the Facehugger. The Facehugger leaves the ship and begins to track an irritable guard through the POC. When the guard retires to his quarters for a nap, the Facehugger springs on him and infects him.

In due time, a player-controlled chestburster hatches. It flees through an open window and proceeds through the POC until it feeds on a captive cat. After feeding on the cat, the chestburster grows into a full Alien drone.

In the early hours of November 25, the alien fights its way through the POC, releasing other Xenomorphs being kept as test subjects along the way. It reaches the lower levels, finally encountering a Predator. It fatally wounds the Predator, which activates its Self-Destruct Device, severely damaging the circulation and waste flow systems and creating a breach that facilitates the Xenomorph invasion into the POC. This invasion prompts the U.S.S. Verloc's deployment.

Six weeks later, the alien infiltrates the Pods during a brief security failure caused by Corporal Harrison. As the Xenomorphs attack the Pods, they weaken the defenses and release an artificial hive in the process.

Eisenberg has taken advantage of the Marines' arrival to initiate the Large Mass Specimen Extraction, AKA Operation Savior, a project to capture the Xenomorph Empress. As part of the plan, combat synthetics have wired explosive charges throughout the tunnels of the Hive. After leaving the Pods and armed with this information, the alien disables these explosives as it tracks the Empress.

The Empress is successfully captured, but the alien pursues her captors, including Eisenberg himself. It tracks them through an archaeological site, killing numerous guards, civilians, and Iron Bears mercenaries, to a dropship landing pad. It kills two Predators and sabotages the pad's support machinery, causing the dropship to crash. Furious, Eisenberg attacks the alien directly. The alien incapacitates Eisenberg, who is later "cocooned". The final scene reveals that Eisenberg now has a synthetic body; notes in the Marine and Predator campaigns hint that his father was involved in prosthetics research that allowed Eisenberg to replace some or all of his body at the cost of radical personality changes.

Marine
In January 2231, on board the USS Verloc, the ship is carrying a small contingent of the U.S.C.M (United States Colonial Marines) to planet LV-1201. Contact has been lost with the research facility on the planet, and the Verloc is the closest ship, but is also significantly undermanned, having lost eight marines and one android in a recent operation. Therefore, their orders are to search for survivors, fortify, and wait for reinforcements to arrive.

At 5:25 AM, two dropships are deployed to the Primary Operations Complex, but they are separated by hurricane winds and the one carrying Harrison (the player character) and Major McCain is damaged and forced to make an emergency landing outside the POC. Red Team and Sergeant Hall are ordered to restore the main power core, White Team is ordered to locate security control, and "Blackwell's boys" (Blackwell, Shugi, and Harrison) are ordered to head to the East Landing Bay. Harrison takes point but a structural collapse blocks Blackwell and Shugi from following him, and disables his radio transmitter, allowing him to hear but not talk to the rest of the marines. Harrison manages to reset the generator in the East Landing Bay and reactivate the beacon there on his own, and McCain's dropship immediately lands there. After reuniting with his team, Harrison is then sent to the nearest security office to activate the POC's automated defense grid. He succeeds, but accidentally wakes up the POC's alien inhabitants in the process. McCain's dropship departs without Harrison, who is ordered to rendezvous with Hall's team, which he does by commandeering an APC. Once reunited with what is left of Hall's team, he is informed that Hall has been taken by the aliens. Most of the team gets inside the APC and stays there while Harrison attempts to rescue Hall on foot, but by the time he finds her, she has already been impregnated with a Chestburster. She dies as Harrison finds her. He then returns to the APC, and depart in it to reunite with the rest of the marines at the Southern Landing, which has been secured by White Team.

At 6:55 AM, the marines attempt to reach the Pods via the tunnel network connecting them to the POC, but the doors are locked. They can only be opened from the inside, and only one at a time, like an airlock. Harrison is sent ahead to open the doors so the marines' APCs can proceed through. Upon reaching tunnel section 4, Harrison is able to shut down the primary control terminal, allowing "Mother" (presumably the Verloc's computer) to disable tunnel security entirely. However, due to unique modifications made to the security protocols, this also temporarily disables all security measures and defenses at the Forward Observation Pods. During this time, Aliens attack the Pods and six of the Iron Bears are killed before the marines manage to arrive at the Pods.

Harrison attempts to establish a communication link with the Verloc. In the process, he begins receiving a message about dead scientists, but it is cut short by a computer error. He is then knocked unconscious by one of the Iron Bears, dressed in a convict's uniform (the pods and POC had both been using convict laborers), put in a prison cell, and declared dead. Harrison's cellmate gets into a fight with a guard, enabling Harrison to escape his cell. As he wanders around the forward observation pods, he releases the Predator player character from stasis, and then is contacted by a scrambled voice offering to reunite him with his team if he retrieves a "package". The voice guides him to the implantation lab, where the "package" is revealed to be a CD. The voice then guides him from Pod 2 to 4, and from Pod 4 to 3, which has an elevator down to the canyon floor. On the way down, the voice-scrambling software malfunctions and Harrison is surprised that the voice is female. The voice explains to him that his team (Red Team?) appears to be headed to an alien hive, but Harrison cannot get to them on his own because the tunnels have been sealed. Harrison decides to head back to the POC and reunite with White Team to get their help with rescuing the other marines.

On the drive from the forward pods to the POC, the voice explains that her name is Tomiko, and that the retrieved disc contains proof that her brother, Kenji, was murdered while working on LV-1201.

Harrison finds several members of White Team, but they are all killed by Xenomorphs and Predators before Harrison can activate the landing beacon for an incoming dropship. Harrison manages to kill a Predator himself before reaching the dropship. Tomiko transmits the coordinates of an old entry site to the Hive, and Harrison, now in his own Exosuit, proceeds after his fellow marines whom Rykov has stranded. Harrison's Exosuit is damaged during a fall, and he must proceed the rest of the way on foot. He locates his team in a massive chamber where the fossilized remains of a Space Jockey reside. A Xenomorph "Empress" attacks the squad, but Harrison is able to repel the Empress so that he and the rest of the marines can escape via dropship. The Empress tries to stop them, but the dropship bombards her with missiles, killing her.

As the dropship puts distance between itself and the Hive, Tomiko overloads the fusion reactors in the Pods, destroying them and killing herself to save the marines. When the marines return to the Verloc, Major McCain recommends abandoning any further rescue or salvage attempts on LV-1201, as they depart back to Earth.

Predator
On the night of July 3, 2211, a Weyland-Yutani research facility on the planet Korari came under attack by at least one Predator. A young Rykov, who was a Marine at the time, was among the survivors, but suffered a major injury to his back; he was honorably discharged from the Marines and began working as a mercenary shortly thereafter.

By November 2230, several predators have arrived at LV-1201; their arrival is brought to the attention of Rykov himself, who is now providing private security for the Weyland-Yutani installation there. The hunt lasts for at least a week, during which time one Predator self-destructs after losing in combat to an Alien ("the Incident") and two more are captured by the Iron Bears. Pursuing his captured clan-mates into the Forward Observation Pods, the player character eventually succumbs to electro-magnetic pulse grenades which render his equipment useless and result in his capture.

Rykov places the Predator in a lab where it remains in stasis for over five weeks. It is revealed that this Predator is responsible for Rykov's injuries and his burning desire for revenge. Saved from being impregnated with a Xenomorph and inadvertently released by Corporal Harrison, the Predator powers through a horde of humans, reclaims his equipment and sets off in pursuit of General Rykov.

After escaping aboard a corporate dropship, the Predator fights through the Alien infested caves and tunnels beneath the pods and eventually manages to signal his clan using human technology to broadcast the signal to them. The Predator clan promptly arrive and re-arm the Predator, who then sets off to finish Rykov.

Following Rykov, now encased in an Exosuit, deep into the Xenomorph Hive, the Predator fights his way into the heart of the Hive for a climactic battle with General Rykov. Overcoming his enemy, the Predator rips through Rykov's body, and claims his spine as his trophy after 19 years of chase. The Predator reunites with his clan and departs the planet in order to pursue the U.S.S. Verloc.

Development
The game was developed in 20 months by the core development team.

Reception
The game received "favorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

During the 5th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards, the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated Aliens vs. Predator 2 for the "PC Action/Adventure" and "Online Gameplay" awards; however, it lost in both categories to Return to Castle Wolfenstein. Similarly, the editors of Computer Games Magazine nominated Aliens Versus Predator 2 as the best action game of 2001, but ultimately gave the award to Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis.

Aliens Versus Predator 2: Primal Hunt
An expansion pack, titled Aliens Versus Predator 2: Primal Hunt, was developed by Third Law Interactive, published by Sierra Entertainment and distributed by Fox Interactive in August 2002. It was also included in the Gold Edition of Aliens Versus Predator 2 released in May 2003, which bundled the original game and the expansion pack into a single package. Primal Hunt adds new weapons and multiplayer maps to the original game, as well as a single-player campaign set during the storyline of Aliens Versus Predator 2.

Gameplay
The player is once again able to play as either a human, Alien, or Predator character, each with its own campaign and abilities. The plot lines of the three characters intersect with the events of the original game.

Plot
The events of Primal Hunt are set on LV-1201, the same setting as the main game, but take place in different time periods. The stories of the Alien and Predator characters begin five hundred years before the events of Aliens Versus Predator 2 and continue in the year 2230. The human campaign begins in September 2230. Primal Hunt revisits the Forward Observation Pods of the research facility and explains the destruction of Pod 5.

Corporate
Major Dunya, a female member of the Weyland-Yutani private military company known as the "Iron Bears", is stationed on LV-1201. She is ordered by her superior officer, General Rykov, to retrieve an artifact from a location known as the "Zeta Site" which houses part of a Xenomorph hive as well as technology from both the Space Jockeys and the Predators. The player battles xenomorphs through the Zeta Site, retrieves the artifact, and returns to find that Aliens have infiltrated Pod 5. A Predator steals the artifact and the player defends the cargo area from Aliens until the pod is evacuated. Rykov then destroys the pod's supports, sending it crashing into the valley floor below.

Predator
In the early 18th century (in Earth time), 500 years before the incident, a Predator spacecraft encounters the planet LV-1201 for the first time and the player Predator is sent there to hunt. The player battles numerous creatures before discovering that Xenomorphs also inhabit the planet. The player tracks the Aliens to their hive and activates an artifact which has the power to repel the Aliens. The game then shifts forward eight months, by which time the Predators have established a camp around the artifact. The player Predator descends into the hive in search of the Alien queen, but the artifact is deactivated and the camp is overrun by Aliens. While repairing a stasis field around a group of Alien eggs, the Predator is attacked by a facehugger and the two are caught in the field and trapped in stasis for five hundred years.

The Predator awakens when Dunya deactivates the artifact, and the player tracks her to the research facility's Forward Observation Pods and breaks into Pod 5, inadvertently allowing the Aliens into the pod. The player retrieves the artifact and sends a signal to other Predators who are nine weeks away. The Predator is then killed by the Alien embryo bursting through its ribcage.

Predalien
The Predalien character's story also begins 500 years before the incident, but after the Predators have established a presence at Zeta Site. The player begins by controlling a facehugger, exploring the Alien hive and Predator camp in search of a host. The facehugger attacks the Predator, but both become trapped in the stasis field. The game then shifts forward five hundred years to the chestburster emerging from the Predator inside Pod 5. The creature is an Alien/Predator hybrid, called the "Predalien" in the game, and the player controls it and searches for food until it grows into an adult. The player then battles human guards in search of the artifact, but is interrupted when Rykov destroys the pod's supports. The player must then battle several android guards in armored exosuits in order to escape the pod with other Aliens before it falls into the valley below.

Reception
The expansion pack received more mixed reviews than the original AvP2, and has a score of 55 according to Metacritic. GameSpot cited it as "being boring", "repetitive", and "giving no sense of direction as the face-hugger". Echoing this, IGN concluded that the title was "[boring], stale, frustrating and plain, Primal Hunt tarnishes the good AvP name".

title: Aliens Versus Predator 2


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Extreme carving

Extreme carving or Extremecarving is a coined term describing a particular form of carving on a snowboard. Features of extreme carving that distinguish it from other kinds of snowboard carving include:
 * The use of wider boards to accommodate extreme edge angles (the angle between board base and snow surface) produced deep in turns. Heel and toe overhang prevent narrower boards from reaching angles close to 90 degrees that are experienced in extreme carving.
 * High degree of extension to the whole of the body during the middle of the carved turn, when the snowboard is facing down the fall line of the slope.
 * Proactive compression of the body during edge transitions. This maneuver is also known as a cross-through or push-pull turn.  During any carved turn on a sufficiently steep slope, the perceived g-force will build up at the end of the carve, resulting in a natural compression of the body.  The proactive compression in extreme carving is different from this natural compression in that it is done by pulling the legs up in anticipation of the additional force, instead of allowing the legs to get pushed up as a reaction to the additional force. The snowboarder pushes the board away at the apex of the turn, and the g-force is also distributed along the whole arc of the turn, reducing the pressure on the leg at the turn exit, thus allowing the exit of the turn and the preparation of the next turn with legs flexing again (the pull sequence).
 * Large, progressive rotation of the torso in the turning direction, such that the rider's shoulders and chest are perpendicular to the toe edge during toe-side turns, and facing towards the nose of the board during heel-side turns. This is in contrast with contemporary carving methodology that indicates that one's torso should stay at an angle midway between the angles of the two bindings, and also with the old school technique where the torso faces the nose of the board at all times.
 * Minimum use of arms and non-necessary movements: the goal is to create a precise and perfect turn with a style that shows control and mastery of all the parameters at stake.

History
Belonging to the Alpine snowboard type, it has its roots from an evolution of the Euro Carve, or Vitelli turn, also called V-turn, that was pioneered by early snowboarders in the late '80s in the west Alps (Jesse Fernandes, Jean Nerva, Serge Vitelli and other pro slalom riders). The laid carving technique was slowly improved by two Swiss snowboarders, Jacques Rilliet and Patrice Fivat away from the trends in Zinal, Valais by using the rotation turn technique used in the Swiss Snowboard school, and the term Extremecarving was used by them to describe the fact that the laid technique pushes the body to the maximum possible contact with the snow. They created in 2001 a website that explained the technique and it led to a growing international community of riders using this riding technique, among others for riding alpine snowboards.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Extreme carving


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User:Mathrong~enwiki

My name is Mathias Kristian Sefranek Rongved, I'm 22 years old and a political science student at the University of Oslo, Norway, where I also write for the student newspaper Universitas. I haven't contributed a whole lot to Wikipedia yet, but I'm getting there.

 * I created the following articles:
 * Vegard Ulvang
 * Seigmen
 * Melbu
 * Maria Solheim
 * Madrugada

 * I've contributed to the following articles:
 * Jostein Gaarder
 * Hadsel
 * Stokmarknes
 * List of Norwegian newspapers
 * Jarlsberg cheese
 * University of Oslo

--Mathrong 10:31, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User:Mathrong~enwiki


text:
Talk:Michael Wong (actor)

Untitled
from VfD:

Vanity page - Amgine 01:41, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak keep - I'm not sure I like the idea of keeping every sort of well-known actor, but this guy gets over 1200 google hits and stared in a movie (Beast Cops) that was "seven times award-winning action drama at the 1999 Hong Kong Fim Festival" .  I doubt that it's a vanity page, in any case. Spangineer 01:52, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete if not expanded. If there is interest in the guy, then authors will be adding.  Like this, though, it doesn't tell anyone anything.  Geogre 03:52, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it. —[[en:RaD Man|RaD Man (talk)]] 04:54, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. [[User:Rhymeless|Rhymeless | (Methyl Remiss)]] 06:08, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep. I don't know if he deserves an article as he seems to be unknown outside Hong Kong, but he is quite an impressive actor. -User:Wshun
 * Keep. I've heard of him and have a vague memory of seeing his movies. Possibly only barely notable but not vanity. --JuntungWu 11:15, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This individual falls under the definition of notable.  [[User:GRider|GRider\talk]] 17:16, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I concur with Geogre, delete if not expanded. Jacob1207 21:19, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Anything that can enlarge the encyclopedia is good. Adding info about a singer is also good. It the article is too little, it can be expanded later... Wikipedia is an encyclopedia that is being constructed, not finished yet! Addoula 21:24, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, he's notable to some. Wyss 21:59, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep: subject is clearly notable. In fact it looks like a reasonable substub, and should be marked as such. [[User:GeorgeStepanek|GeorgeStepanek\talk ]] 02:01, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable actor whos made over 50 films in 21 years and has starred in a film Beast cops which won best film in the 1998 Hong Kong film awards. I have also added more information so that it is no longer a stub. Capitalistroadster 10:43, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable enough, and cleaned up now. Jayjg 21:13, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

User comment
The following user comment was removed from an inappropriately created subpage incorrectly placed in the main article namespace:

"I gave this article the "Start" rating because there are still background about Micahel that needs to be added. Any Michael is a significant actor in the Hong Kong movie industry and made many contribution to the industry in Hong Kong. Vinko 18:36, 6 September 2006 (UTC)"

Khatru2 03:23, 16 September 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Michael Wong (actor)


text:
Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski

Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski (1645–1683) was a Polish noble (szlachcic), military leader and politician.

Early life and family
He was the son of the starost of Lwów Adam Hieronim Sieniawski and Wiktoria Elżbieta Potocka, the daughter of Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki. He married in 1662 the daughter of Court and Grand Marshal Prince Aleksander Ludwik Radziwiłł, Princess Cecylia Maria Radziwiłł.

Military career and politics
He was Grand Guardian of the Crown since 1666, Great Chorąży of the Crown since 1668, Court Marshall of the Crown since 1676, starost of Lwów since 1679, voivode of Volhynian Voivodship since 1679, Field Crown Hetman since 1682 and starost of Radom, Rohatyn, and Piaseczno.

He became famous as a talented commander in wars against Cossacks and Tatars during the reign of King John II Casimir. In the rank of a Chorąży he took part, alongside John Sobieski, in the Chocim expedition.

He was Marshal of the Coronation Sejm between 2 and 14 March 1676 in Kraków.

Like his son Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski, he participated in the Vienna expedition of 1683. He died in the same year by contracting a disease, possibly syphilis, that spread after the battle.

title: Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski


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User talk:Wikipedia111

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Viriditas 01:42, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Wikipedia111


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Spiritualist authors

List of Spiritualist authors
Two redlinks and Christoper Lotito. Created by the IP that made Chris. See Votes for deletion/The Lonely Soul's Map and Guidebook and Votes_for_deletion/Christopher_Lotito. If those go, this goes too. hfool 01:42, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Woefully incomplete. Doesn't even have Madame Blavatsky, and she should have been the first one listed. Looks to me like an attempt to create legitimacy for a pack of substandard authors. Delete. Inky 03:33, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Not just Blavatsky, but a ton of other missing names (Crowley, Yeats, and that crowd). One of the evils of Listmania is the way it can lead to internal links to protect nonsense and vanity.  If I thought lists were encyclopedic, I would say keep if totally rewritten and populated.  Since I don't, I won't.  Geogre 14:31, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, looks like sly vanity to this witch. Wyss 21:02, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Jacob1207 05:23, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)


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Talk:Pathfinders (Seventh-day Adventist)

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For a December 2004 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/SDA Pathfinders

Hi Jim, my name Jesus Arocho.

I see that you mark this page with as copyrighted material by: http://www.allnationsonline.org/pathfinders/abBtm.htm

the facts is the information here is copyrighted by the Pathfinders Club. and no other.

The information I post was publish in the old Nort American Pathfinder club Web Site in 1999. A copy of this material may be fond at: http://www.tagnet.org/iglesiadeboston/departamentos/Pathfinder/aboutus.htm

The new NAD Pathfinders web site have this information as a PDF and not as text, olso please see the copyright notice as of the use of this material by the NAD Pathfinders club.

[]

That site's copyright notice says:

 * "The information provided on this World Wide Web Server (Information) is made available as a service from the SDA Pathfinders Club (Eluzai Pathfinders Club, Boston Spanish Church) without any warranties. The Pathfinders disclaims all implied warranties with respect to the Information and your use of the Information, including the implied warranties of title, non-infringement, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall the Eluzai Pathfinders Club, Boston Spanish Church be liable for any damages whatsoever, including, without limitation, any direct, indirect, consequential, incidental, punitive or tort damages arising out of the use of the information, even if the Eluzai Pathfinders Club, Boston Spanish Church has been advised of the possibility of such damages. You may not create a website that links to this site without the Eluzai Pathfinders Club, Boston Spanish Church consent."

...which to my eyes doesn't grant permission to copy it (and I would assume that if they take such a dim view of linking, they probably don't like having their data posted around the place). -- Jim Regan 03:41, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

.............. Hi its Jesus

Please see the update information in the WEB site as of "copyright notice".

I'm the web site administrator, editor also the Club Director.

I will love to see the information here posted for Historical purposes and so many other clubs can see and use for their local clubs.

The Seventh Day Adventists Pathfinders Club as you can see is been around for a very long time and many clubs don’t even know the history of the club as one of the church ministries and outreach service to the community.

I see wikipedia.org as a grate place to write the history of the club for every one to read, I personally use the service to get articles and information for the club needs in different Honors that we teach in our club.

Merge With Pathfinders
Since both articles say virtually the same things, these should be merged. 205.250.117.181 23:42, 23 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Merge - seems like this discussion has died down, but I think we should revive it and merge to remove the redundancy. --User: (talk) 14:58, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Merge It's clearly been said before, and now I'm saying it again: these two articles should merge. Iskandar323 (talk) 17:27, 15 October 2021 (UTC)

 * Oppose the Adventures is not the same as the Pathfinders. It makes no sense to merge since it is not notable. Catfurball (talk) 18:17, 15 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Oppose, on the grounds that there is sufficient material to keep Adventurers (Seventh-day Adventist) separate, in the same way that Cub Scouts (The Scout Association) and Venturer Scout are separate from Scouting. Klbrain (talk) 14:52, 2 April 2022 (UTC)

Pathfinder Song
I think there's a problem with the Pathfinder Song, people can't seem to agree on the words to it. It's been changed back and forth several times from Kindness, Truth, and Purity to just Truth and Purity. So can you please comment here on which one it is so we can get it straight. Thanks Hatmatbbat10 Talk to me 00:33, 3 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The entire South Pacific actually used Strength and Purity. If you could hear the song, it is apparent that Kindness cannot fit into the rhythm. KevDog32 (talk) 16:31, 26 April 2011 (UTC)
 * It fits if you add notes and modify the the rhythm, as it's officially done in North America. Rather than having edit wars over the words, alternative versions should be put on the page, much like is currently done for the law and pledge.  78.26 (talk) 17:26, 26 April 2011 (UTC)

 * The WRITER of the song, Henry T. Bergh included "kindness" in the original version. It was removed later by different SDA Conferences and Union Conferences because of "metrics" (i.e. the word is "crowded.")  In 1998 at a Master Guide Convention in Los Angeles, USA Henry T. Bergh specifically requested the NAD and GC leadership to "reinsert kindness into the Pathfinder Song!"  At least in the NAD we have done.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by PathfinderMark (talk • contribs) 21:06, 22 September 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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Merger Adventurers (Seventh-day Adventist) into Pathfinders (Seventh-day Adventist)
Collaborator Iskandar323 suggested merging the article Adventurers with the article Pathfinders on October 15, 2021. I formally open the discussion, as the article was merged in September 2022 without even a favorable manifestation. Hallel (talk) 01:40, 17 March 2023 (UTC)
 * I am against the merger, unless the intention is to manufacture a WP:FRANKIE. Hallel (talk) 01:43, 17 March 2023 (UTC)
 * The article was never merged. It was only redirected by me, since the merge never happened. I have restored the original merge request. Catfurball (talk) 18:14, 17 March 2023 (UTC)


text:
Mars family

The Mars family is an American family that owns the confectionery company Mars Inc. In 1988, the family was ranked as the richest family in the United States of America by Fortune magazine. It has since been surpassed by the Walton family and the Koch family, and was ranked as the third richest family in America in 2016.

Upon the July 1999 death of Forrest Mars Sr., he and his two sons were ranked No. 29, 30, and 31 by Forbes magazine's list of richest Americans, and they each had a worth of approximately $4 billion. In March 2010 the three children of Forrest Mars were tied for 52nd place amongst the world's richest people, according to Forbes, with a net worth of US$11 billion each. One of these sons, Forrest Mars Jr., died in 2016, and his four daughters inherited his wealth, with three of them working for the company as of 2019. As of April 2020, the combined private fortune of the family members was estimated at around $126 billion, making them one of the richest families in the world.

The family is very protective of their privacy. They rarely, if ever, give press interviews or, with the exception of Jacqueline Mars and Victoria B. Mars, are photographed in public.

A 2006 report quantified how the Mars family was among 18 billionaire families, starting in the 1990s, who continuously lobbied Congress to eliminate the estate tax.

Family members

 * Franklin Clarence Mars (September 24, 1883 – April 8, 1934) – founder of Mars, Inc. Invented the Milky Way bar.
 * Ethel G. Kissack (September 29, 1882 – April 11, 1980) – first wife of Frank C. Mars (married 1902, divorced)
 * Forrest Edward Mars Sr. (March 21, 1904 – July 1, 1999) – son of Frank C. Mars and Ethel G. Mars. Invented M&M's.
 * Audrey Ruth Meyer (May 25, 1910 – June 15, 1989) – wife of Forrest E. Mars Sr.
 * Forrest E. Mars Jr. (August 16, 1931 – July 26, 2016) – son of Forrest E. Mars Sr.
 * Virginia Cretella (born 1929/1930) – first wife of Forrest E. Mars Jr. (divorced 1990)
 * Victoria B. Mars – daughter of Forrest E. Mars Jr. and Virginia C. Mars
 * Valerie Anne Mars – daughter of Forrest E. Mars Jr. and Virginia C. Mars, member of the Board of Directors of Conservation International
 * Philip Michael White – husband of Valerie Anne Mars (married 1984)
 * Pamela D. Mars-Wright (born Pamela Diane Mars, 1960/1961) daughter of Forrest E. Mars Jr. and Virginia C. Mars
 * Lonnie Jay Wright (born 1960/1961) – husband of Pamela Diane Mars (married 1992)
 * Marijke Elizabeth Mars (born 1965) – daughter of Forrest E. Mars Jr. and Virginia C. Mars
 * Stephen J. Doyle – husband of Marijke Elizabeth Mars (married 1991) (divorced 2000)
 * Deborah Adair Clarke – second wife of Forrest E. Mars Jr. (divorced 2010)
 * John Franklyn Mars (born October 15, 1935) – son of Forrest E. Mars Sr.
 * Adrienne Bevis – wife of John Mars (married June 1958)
 * Linda Anne Mars (born May 23, 1960) – daughter of John and Adrienne Mars
 * Frank Edward Mars (born March 13, 1963) – son of John and Adrienne Mars
 * Susan Alleman Mars – wife of Frank E. Mars
 * Michael John Mars (born November 22, 1967) – son of John and Adrienne Mars
 * Sarah Ann Robbins (born April 19, 1968) – wife of Michael John Mars (married 1993)
 * Jacqueline Mars (born October 10, 1939) – daughter of Forrest E. Mars Sr.
 * David H. Badger – first husband of Jacqueline Mars (married 1961, divorced 1984)
 * Alexandra B. Airth (born Alexandra Badger, 1966/1967) – daughter of Jacqueline Mars and David Badger
 * Andrew Towne Carey (born 1966/1967) – husband of Alexandra Mars Badger (married 1991) (divorced 1995)
 * Alan Airth – husband of Alexandra Badger
 * Stephen M. Badger (born September 18, 1968) – son of Jacqueline Mars and David Badger
 * Christa M. Badger (born c. 1975) – daughter of Jacqueline Mars and David Badger
 * Harold 'Hank' Vogel – second husband of Jacqueline Mars (married 1986, divorced in 1994)
 * Ethel Veronica Healy (1884 – December 20, 1945) – second wife of Frank C. Mars (married 1910, widowed 1934), president of Mars Candy Company, Chicago, after death of husband
 * Patricia Mars (1914–1965) – daughter of Frank C. Mars and Ethel V. Healy
 * William Furst – husband of Patricia Mars
 * Alan Feeney – husband of Patricia Mars

title: Mars family


text:
Ferry Aid

Ferry Aid was a British-American charity supergroup, brought together to record the song "Let It Be" in 1987. The single was released following the Zeebrugge Disaster; on 6 March 1987 the ferry MS Herald of Free Enterprise had capsized, killing 193 passengers and crew. All proceeds from sales of the single were donated to the charity set up in the aftermath of the disaster. The recording was organised by The Sun newspaper, after it had sold cheap tickets for the ferry on that day. "Let It Be" was written by Paul McCartney and originally recorded by the Beatles in 1969.

Recording
Garry Bushell, then with The Sun newspaper, organised the recording of "Let It Be" by recruiting record producers Stock, Aitken and Waterman. They then put an invitation out to the music industry for artists to contribute their vocals to the song. Although many stars were initially reluctant to join forces with the newspaper, eventually artists such as Boy George, Kate Bush, Gary Moore and Mark Knopfler agreed to take part. Original writer Paul McCartney also contributed to the song, although his performance (and section in the accompanying video) was recorded independently in his own studios. It was later revealed that McCartney used his voice of the original recording of the 1970 Beatles track and added it to the Ferry Aid recording. The song was recorded over three days between 14 and 16 March 1987 and the single was released on 23 March 1987. The first artist to record his part was Mark King (who also played bass guitar on the song) on the Saturday morning, while the last was Paul King on Monday evening.

In the original Beatles recording, George Harrison did the guitar solo; but for the purposes of this song—as shown in the video—the solo was divided with Gary Moore first, then Mark Knopfler, then back to Gary Moore, with Moore's parts being more 'rock' and Knopfler's being more laid-back.

Performers
The following artists performed solo spots on the song:
 * Paul McCartney
 * Boy George
 * Keren Woodward and Nick Kamen
 * Paul King
 * Mark King
 * Jaki Graham
 * Taffy
 * Mark Knopfler (guitar solo)
 * Andy Bell
 * Pepsi & Shirlie
 * Mel and Kim
 * Gary Moore (guitar solo)
 * Kim Wilde and Nik Kershaw
 * Edwin Starr
 * Ben Volpeliere-Pierrot
 * Ruby Turner
 * Kate Bush

The closing chorus was sung by an ensemble choir involving many of the soloists as well as other recording artists and celebrities from other fields. The chorus consisted of:
 * The Alarm, John Altman, Debee Ashby, Al Ashton, Rick Astley, Bananarama, Simon Bates, Alison Bettles, Jenny Blythe, Errol Brown, Miquel Brown, Bucks Fizz, Jay Carly, the Christians, Nick Conway, Linda Davidson, Hazell Dean, Anne Diamond, Difford and Tilbrook, Doctor and the Medics, the Drifters, Drum Theatre, Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Roy Gayle, Go West, Carol Hitchcock, Felix Howard, Gloria Hunniford, Imagination, Jenny Jay, Ellie Laine, Annabel Lamb, Stephanie Lawrence, Loose Ends, Linda Lusardi, Ruth Madoc, Bobby McVey, Suzanne Mizzi, the New Seekers, Sadie Nine, the Nolans, Hazel O'Connor, Mike Osman, Su Pollard, Tim Polley, Pamela Power, Maxi Priest, Princess, Jimmy Pursey, Suzi Quatro, Mike Read, Sally Sagoe, Nejdet Salih, Ray Shell, Mandy Smith, Neville Staple, Alvin Stardust, Steve Strange, Sylvia Tella, Terraplane, Bonnie Tyler, Maria Whittaker, Working Week.

The B-side of the 7" single is a gospel version of "Let It Be", made up on the spot by improvising. The 12" single mixed by Burni Adams and Jamie Bromfield has "Let It Be (Mega Message Mix)" on the B-side.

Criticism
The anarchist band Chumbawamba anonymously released a parody of the song, "Scab Aid", a criticism of The Sun newspaper and the motives of the contributing performers which they regarded as hypocritical.

Musician Robb Johnson (who later recorded with Chumbawamba) referenced Ferry Aid in his song "The Herald of Free Enterprise", criticising it for similar reasons.

Chart performance
"Let It Be" reached number one in the UK Singles Chart in its first week on 4 April 1987, and remained at that position for three weeks. It was the 13th best selling single of the year in the UK; it was certified gold for shipping over 500,000 copies. The single was also a number one hit in Norway and Switzerland, and reached the top 10 in several other European countries.

title: Ferry Aid


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Christopher Lotito (0th nomination)

Christopher Lotito
"Christopher Lotito" "Lonely Soul's Map" gets 13 hits on google. All edits to this, The Lonely Soul's Map and Guidebook, and List of Spiritualist authors by the same IP address. Non-notable, possible vanity, etc. It's got a disambig page at Lotito, Christopher. hfool 01:43, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC) Arg, typo in the name. It refuses to fix, too. Article is Christopher Lotito. hfool 02:28, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * A twenty-one-year-old religious visionary. Even Jesus waited until he was 30. Delete. Inky 03:43, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. -R. fiend 07:31, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: A new Khalil Gibran or a guy experimenting with digital art? I think the latter.  Vanity. Geogre 14:23, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete with extreme prejudice Vanity Wyss 21:11, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete on account of being pure vanity. Jacob1207 21:28, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Swwarmuth

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Viriditas 01:43, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Swwarmuth


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User talk:Thechoirlife2006

Welcome!

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Cigar
You are correct, your edit should not have been reverted like that. I have notified that user that this is inappropriate. Thanks, Prodego  talk  20:01, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Sebaceous Cyst on ear.jpg

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title: User talk:Thechoirlife2006


text:
Talk:Monona Terrace

Untitled
I also took a panorama shot: Dori | Talk 01:44, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

According to the official website, the exterior of the building is true to Wright's design and only the interior was redesigned by Puttnam:

On July 18, 1997, Monona Terrace Community and Convention Center opened its doors after nearly 60 years of debate. It was first designed by Wisconsin native and internationally renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1938 as a cultural, governmental and recreational building. Wright reworked the design several times between 1938 and 1958 before signing off on the final plans seven weeks before his death in 1959.

In 1992, Madison voters approved referenda to construct Monona Terrace—on the same site Wright had originally proposed—as a community and convention center. While Wright's design was used for the building's exterior, the interior was redesigned by Wright apprentice and Taliesin architect Tony Puttnam to house state-of-the-art exhibition, meeting and public space. http://www.mononaterrace.com/inspired/lifework.html

I'm going to change the article to reflect that.

title: Talk:Monona Terrace


text:
China News

China News may refer to:
 * Taiwan News, formerly known as China News, English language newspaper in Taiwan
 * China News (CCTV), a news program of CCTV-4
 * China News Service, state-owned news agency in the People's Republic of China

title: China News


text:
Denis Whitaker

Brigadier William Denis Whitaker, (February 27, 1915 – May 30, 2001) was a Canadian athlete, soldier, businessman, and author.

Early life
Born in Calgary, Alberta and raised in Toronto, Ontario, Whitaker was educated at the University of Toronto Schools and later at the Royal Military College of Canada, student # 2357 in Kingston, Ontario. He graduated in 1933. He was a quarterback for the Hamilton Tigers of the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

He joined the Canadian Army and accepted a commission, as a second lieutenant with The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment) in 1937.

Military career
During the Second World War, Whitaker was awarded the Distinguished Service Order at the rank of captain for his achievement in the Dieppe Raid in August 1942. He was the only one of the 100 officers who landed on the beach to fight his way into town and escape unwounded. As a lieutenant colonel, Whitaker commanded the 1st Battalion, The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry–Canadian Army Active from February 17, 1944, until July 17, 1944, and from September 15, 1944, until March 29, 1945, throughout most of the fighting in northwest Europe. On 16 October 1944, during the Battle of the Scheldt, Whitaker took the village of Woensdrecht, which presented particular problems for the Canadians in their advance along the banks of the river Scheldt. He won a second Distinguished Service Order in February 1945 for leadership in the Battle of Goch-Calcar Road during Operation Veritable .

At the end of the war, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier. Whitaker left the army in 1951, but returned as Honorary Colonel of the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry from 1972 to 1992.

Business career
After his military service, he was a commercial manager of radio station CHML. In 1962, he was named vice-president of O'Keefe Brewing Co. and soon became the president. He was also the president of Major Market Advertising and a financial consultant with Nesbitt Burns.

Sports career
Whitaker's sports career was equally illustrious, beginning with captaincy of the Royal Military College of Canada ice hockey and Canadian football teams. He led the Hamilton Tigers in 1938. He was named to the Canadian Forces Sports Honour Roll and was a national senior squash champion. He chaired the Canadian Equestrian Team for 20 years, and under his guidance the team won two Olympics, 15 Pan-American Games and two World Championship gold medals. He was also chef-de-mission for the 1980 Canadian Olympic Team in Moscow, which the Canadians eventually boycotted, along with the Americans due to the Soviets invading Afghanistan. He was a founder and member of the Olympic Trust of Canada. In 1990, he was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. Denis was one of the founding members of the Hamilton Hunt Club, started in 1958 in Caledonia, Ontario. He was a Master of Foxhounds and rode with the club from 1958 to 1973.

Decorations and honours

 * Distinguished Service Order with Bar
 * Efficiency Decoration (E.D.)
 * Commander of the Order of the Crown (Belgium)
 * In 1989, he was named a Member of the Order of Canada.
 * In April 1995, the French government awarded Whitaker the Order of the Legion of Honour for his role in the liberation of France.

Selected works

 * Normandy: The Real Story of How Ordinary Allied Soldiers Defeated Hitler by Denis Whitaker, Shelagh Whitaker, and Terry Copp
 * Victory at Falaise: The Soldier's Story by Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker with Terry Copp
 * Tug of War: The Allied Victory That Opened Antwerp by Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker
 * Dieppe: Tragedy to Triumph by Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker
 * Rhineland: The Battle to End the War by Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker, 1989
 * in German: Endkampf am Rhein. Transl. Ute Spengler. Ullstein, Berlin 1991
 * The Battle of the Scheldt by Denis Whitaker

title: Denis Whitaker


text:
Talk:Government of Maryland

Introduction phrasing
The introduction is clumsily phrased.

It is also controversial, and requires toning down to become an expression of consensus. In particular, the effect of the "republican form of government" clause is debatable - including the question [how far] Congress may choose to tolerate a "non-republican" government. Also, to assert the general exclusive jurisdiction of the states is too strong - it being limited both by explicit grant in some matters, and by the rights of citizens of the United States. Septentrionalis 14:32, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks a lot. It was indeed clumsily phrased.  As to the controversy, I don't think either of the two of us who wrote most of the original article are constitutional scholars.  We weren't intending to be controversial;  we just weren't aware of those issues.  Nothing wrong with correcting us.  That's the point of wiki. Isomorphic 16:10, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You are most welcome, and I have amended my initial comment; which is justification for the change, rather than criticism.
 * I am moving the "republican" sentence to the Constitution section, where it belongs. (It should also be added to any future discussion of the Federal intervention of 1861.) Septentrionalis 17:07, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Plurality: Why mention here? First past the post is usual in the United States Septentrionalis 21:16, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * If for no other reason then because as I understand it at least some other states now use a run-off system. When I read the article I thought it was at least possible that a run-off system was in use but no-one had bothered to mention it. So I had to look up the Maryland constitution to find out.

 * By the way, please sign your posts. It makes communication easier. You just need to type " ~ " at the end of your post and it does it automatically. Iota 20:49, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Motto on the Seal
The motto on the state seal, as defiend by the State of Maryland:"'The Latin legend on the border is the last verse of Psalm 5 (from the Latin Vulgate Bible). It translates as 'with favor wilt thou compass us as with a shield.'" From the Maryland State Archives. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 04:39, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I've removed the motto mention, since there are two mottos and putting the translations of both mottos up there is unnecessary in an article not about it. This should be (and is) on Seal of Maryland. -- tomf688 (talk) 04:42, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed, thats probley for the best any way, i was getting tried of the anon rv the translation, so i figured i put the translation as defined by the state here as a refrence. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 04:59, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

U.S. District Court
Shouldn't the reference to the U.S. District Court be updated to reflect the fact that there are now two judicial divisions sitting in Baltimore and Greenbelt? 216.214.103.34 22:35, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I've made this update. 216.214.103.34 14:43, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Merger proposal now moot?
This article has two tags proposing mergers, dated August 2009.

I cannot find any discussion of those two proposals, here or on the Talk:Maryland Court of Appeals page. I am not sure of the procedure, but can we find these proposals to be obsolete and moot, and then remove them? Please comment right here. --DThomsen8 (talk) 01:22, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

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"Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 May 29 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. -- Tamzin (she/they) | o toki tawa mi. 02:47, 29 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Government of Maryland


text: User talk:68.51.108.182

title: User talk:68.51.108.182


text:
Kelly

Kelly may refer to:

Art and entertainment

 * Kelly (Kelly Price album)
 * Kelly (Andrea Faustini album)
 * Kelly (musical), by Mark Charlap, 1965
 * "Kelly" (song), by Kelly Rowland, 2018
 * Kelly (film), Canada, 1981
 * Kelly (Australian TV series)
 * Kelly (talk show), Northern Ireland
 * The Kelly Family, a music group
 * Kelly Kelly (TV series), US, 1998
 * "Kelly", a 2019 single by Peakboy
 * Kelly West/Zelena, a character on Once Upon a Time
 * Kelly (The Walking Dead), a character
 * Kelly (musician), a character portrayed by Liam Kyle Sullivan

People

 * Kelly (given name)
 * Kelly (surname)
 * Clan Kelly, a Scottish clan
 * Kelly (murder victim)
 * Kelly (footballer, born 1975), Clesly Evandro Guimarães, Brazilian
 * Kelly (footballer, born 1985), Kelly Cristina Pereira da Silva, Brazilian
 * Kelly (footballer, born 1987), Kelly Rodrigues Santana Costa, Brazilian

Australia

 * Kelly, South Australia, a locality
 * Kelly Basin, Tasmania
 * Hundred of Kelly, a cadastral unit in South Australia

Azerbaijan

 * Kollu, Dashkasan

Trinidad and Tobago

 * Kelly Village, Caroni County, Tunapuna-Piarco

United Kingdom

 * Kelly, Devon
 * Kelly Bray, Cornwall

United States

 * Kelly, Kansas
 * Kelly, Kentucky
 * Kelly, Louisiana
 * Kelly, North Carolina
 * Kelly, Texas
 * Kelly, West Virginia
 * Kelly, North Dakota
 * Kelly, Wisconsin, a town
 * Kelly, Juneau County, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
 * Kelly, Wyoming
 * Kelly Field, formerly Kelly Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas
 * Kelly Ridge, California, a CDP
 * Kelly Township, Union County, Pennsylvania

Other

 * Kelly criterion for sizing a bet
 * Kelly drive, part of a drilling rig
 * kelly hose, a flexible hose that connects the standpipe to the kelly drive

title: Kelly


text: User talk:64.223.228.224

title: User talk:64.223.228.224


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Government of Maryland/archive1

Government of Maryland
Self nomination. I believe that this article covers all of the major aspects of Maryland's government and goes into an appropriate amount of depth on the several topics covered. It could provide a helpful model for articles on the governments of other states (or provinces, etc). Jacob1207 01:55, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Object. If featured, then please just Maryland. --ThomasK 05:45, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Not sure what you are objecting against? Please comment on the quality of Government of Maryland, if you want to nominate Maryland go right ahead, but it is of lesser quality for sure. -- [[User:Solitude|Solitude\talk]] 07:57, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * I object against the featuring of the aricle Government of Maryland. There should be no goverment featured on the main page. --ThomasK 04:12, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * We're not voting on whether this article should be showcased on the main page. I guess it can be somewhat confusing, but only certain featured articles are shown on the main page (and the selection is done by others).  I suggest you read What is a featured article to see exactly what it is that is to be decided here. Also, see above on this page, which says:
 * If you oppose a nomination, write "Object" followed by the reason for your objection. All objections must give a specific rationale that can be addressed. If nothing can be done to "fix" the source of the objection, the objection may be ignored. This includes objections to an article's suitability for the Wikipedia Main Page, unless such suitability can be fixed (featured articles, despite being featured, may be marked so as not to be showcased on the Main Page).
 * Respectufully, Jacob1207 05:40, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * If noone has issues with this articles comprehensitivity, I support. Well written & structured.--ZayZayEM 13:44, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * This is about as complete as you could get. I support, with the disclaimer that I started the article and have done some additional work on it.  (Jacob has done the lion's share, and deserves most of the credit.) Isomorphic 23:07, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Tuf-Kat 03:20, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Object. No discussion of the state constitution and its amendments. [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality/talk]] 03:57, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * The constitution itself is discussed in Maryland Constitution, which is linked to at several points in the article. Government of Maryland does mentions throughout the powers granted to various officials and bodies and the requirements for the offices, all of which come from the constitution (which is implied, even if not explicit in every instance).  Additionally, Government of Maryland also mentions: (1) when the constitution was modified to create the Lt. Governor position; (2) when the constitution first created the Board of Public works; (3) when the constitution was amended to create the Court of Special Appeals; and (4) the several times when the constitution was amended to change the way counties function.  The third item of which I just added.  What other such changes can be made to improve the article? Jacob1207 05:55, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I think there should be a summary-style section at Government of Maryland, which links to the main article at Maryland Constitution. Like this:
 * ==Constitution==
 * Main article: Maryland Constitution
 * Blah blah blah (a summary) [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality/talk]] 23:06, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * I have added such a section (and rewritten the intro section). Please take a look and see if this addresses your concern. Jacob1207 02:19, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Support. Solid info on a non-whiz-bang topic.--Pharos 06:44, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Object.  The lead is too short: specifically, it needs information on what makes the government of Maryland different from that of other states. At the moment, the lead essentially says "Maryland is like every other state", which is not very informative and hardly encourages people to read on.  I'd suggest two possibilities: either mention some of the most notable distinguishing features, or identify a pattern/reason for the differences (e.g. Maryland's legislature has a particularly powerful role, reflecting the historical influence of the agrarian section). As an additional objection, there is no References section. Mark1 05:00, 9 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comparing and contrasting the Maryland government with those of other states is an excellent idea. I have made numerous changes in response, and I think they improve the already comprehensive article.  However, I do not think that that information is best put into the intro section.  There are far too many differences to include usefully in the intro and it seems to me that any sort of statement to the effect of "the Maryland government has similarities to and differences to other state governments" is not at all useful either, due to it being completely obvious (after all, there is no Every state government in the United States article).  If there is some way the intro can usefully be expanded (to include anything) without being clumsy, I am all for it. Jacob1207 16:35, 9 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Concerning the references section: I don't think it is necessary to have a separate "References" section as all of the information in the article (and much, much more) can be found in the various links. The Maryland Manual is a publication put out by the MD gov't every 2 years and was the most important source for the article, which links to it. Of course, if a separate references section would add something of value, I'd be all for adding it.  But I don't think it is necessary to have a "References" section just to say it's there if it's not adding anything. Jacob1207 16:25, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * It is adding something. As noted below. - Taxman 21:18, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * You might want to start by putting something more explanatory in place of saying that the government "like the rest of the 50 states, is republican in nature". Republican redirects to the very general article Republic, so as a non-US reader, I'm left mystified. Are all the states non-monarchies (I knew that), or are they all non-Democratic (I for sure didn't know that)... ?--[[User:Bishonen|Bishonen (talk)]] 12:41, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I have redirected the link in question to Republicanism, which, I think, is much more explanatory about what "republican" means in this context. Jacob1207 16:07, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Support The article seems to be well-written, with lots of logically placed links, and doesn't force the reader into too much detail in any one area. Other than perhaps including ranking comparisons or such, I agree that any detailed comparison to other states' governments would be diverging too much from the topic. Just trying to compare with what I know of Virginia and several other states tells me that such comparisons would be quickly become lengthy and varied. I speculate that there are substantial differences between the governments of all 50 states. Such details are way too much information for a single state article such as this one. Bottom Line: Good writing on a subject of limited interest. Good and prompt response to fac critics and suggestions. I'd love to see the writer(s) do the same quality job on Government of Virginia.  Vaoverland 10:33, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Object. Not enough and/or ambiguous references. It does need to list explicitly what sources were used as references and which were not. Otherwise it is ambiguous, and there may be one real reference or four, and the reader cannot be sure which one. Cite sources tells how to cite external links used as references. Additionally are you saying there are no print references for this topic? I find that hard to believe. The article needs more references if possible; 3 or 4 is pretty minimal for a featured article. Whatever is the most reliable information on a topic and is used to add or confirm material in an article can be formatted as a reference. - Taxman 21:18, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * I have (I think) corrected the problem. I have both added many more references to the page but also reorganized that whole section to indicate which are true references and which are only links for further information.  Please take a look at this and see if it addresses your concern.  If not, please provide further information on what you think would improve the article in this (or any) regard. Jacob1207 15:55, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, that is great, except they are not formatted properly as per the above link. Otherwise the article looks well written, though I admit not being able to finish reading the whole thing. - Taxman 17:12, Dec 17, 2004 (UTC)