text:
Oxygen (Wild Orchid album)

Oxygen is the second album by American group Wild Orchid, released in 1998. Since its release, the album has sold over 200,000 copies worldwide.

Production
Thirty songs were written for Oxygen in a couple of months time and the ten best songs were chosen to be recorded. Wild Orchid also recorded cover versions of "Our Lips Are Sealed" and "You're No Good". The reason for the album's title was explained by Ridel in an interview with Hit Records stating that, "On this album we wanted to you know take a deep breath and leave more space, let things have room to breathe. Our sound's a little lighter and that was the concept of Oxygen."

Release and promotion
The album was released in September 1998 and coincided with their stint as Guess spokespersons and models and as hosts of the new Fox Family reality show Great Pretenders, in which kids and teens of all ages lip sync their favorite songs while competing for prizes. They went on a promotional tour throughout the U.S. and were guests on Donny and Marie, where they performed "Be Mine" (the album's lead single). From June 16 to August 28, 1999 the group opened for Cher during her Do You Believe? Tour alongside Cyndi Lauper for 52 dates. The group even made a guest appearance on the Beverly Hills 90210 episode "Beheading St. Valentine" where they performed "Declaration" and "Come As You Are" at the fictitious Peach Pit After Dark.

Rumored new version
Since Oxygen was a commercial failure, rumors were spread in 1999 about the group returning to the studio to record a new version of the album. When a remixed version of "Come As You Are" was leaked onto the internet, fans made assumptions that this version would appear on the new version of Oxygen, but it was never officially released and neither was a new version of Oxygen.

Track listing

 * 1) "Be Mine" (Dave Deviller, Sean Hosein, Wild Orchid) – 3:29
 * 2) "You're No Good (But I Like It)" (Clint Ballard, Jr.) – 3:19
 * 3) "Come as You Are" (Rudy Perez) – 3:31
 * 4) "Declaration" (Manuel Seal, Jr.) – 3:41
 * 5) "Wasted Love" (Sylvia Bennett-Smith, Wild Orchid) – 4:41
 * 6) "Our Lips Are Sealed" (Terry Hall, Jane Wiedlin) – 2:57
 * 7) "Tic Toc" (John Carter, Todd Chapman, Wild Orchid) – 3:23
 * 8) "Holding On" (includes interlude) (Full Force, Wild Orchid) – 4:09
 * 9) "Take You Higher" (Ron Fair, Parental Advisory, Wild Orchid) – 3:29
 * 10) "Make It Easy for Me" (Christopher Bolden, Wild Orchid) – 4:11
 * 11) "You & Me" (Bennett-Smith, Wild Orchid) – 4:15
 * 12) "In My Room" (Bobby Sandstrom, Wild Orchid) – 4:47

Personnel

 * Wild Orchid
 * Stacy Ferguson – vocals
 * Stefanie Ridel – vocals
 * Renee Sandstrom – vocals

Additional personnel
 * Christopher Bolden – drums, keyboard
 * Lenny Castro – percussion
 * Ron Fair – keyboards
 * Steve Forman – percussion
 * Full Force – performer
 * John Goux – guitar
 * Manny Lopez – Spanish guitar
 * Nate Love – drums, keyboard
 * Eric McKain – percussion
 * David McKelvy – harmonica
 * Lester Mendez – keyboards
 * David Paich – synthesizer, keyboard
 * Parental Advisory – organ
 * Dean Parks – guitar
 * Rudy Perez – keyboards
 * Steve Porcaro – synthesizer, keyboard
 * Bobby Sandstrom – keyboards
 * Deconzo Smith – bass
 * Aaron Zigman – keyboards
 * Producers: Christopher Bolden, Todd Chapman, Ron Fair, Full Force, Nate Love, David Paich, Rudy Perez, Bobby Sandstrom, Manuel Seal, Jr.
 * Executive producer: Ron Fair
 * Engineers: Ron Fair, Doug Nemec, Joel Numa, Bruce Swedien, Jay Gordon
 * Assistant engineer: Joel Numa, Jay Gordon
 * Mixing: Peter Mokran, Gerard Smerek, Tommy Vicari
 * Mixing assistants: Jeff Griffin, Tim Lauber, Brian Young
 * Mastering: Ted Jensen
 * Programming: Christopher Bolden, Sean Hosein, Nate Love, Lester Mendez
 * Arrangers: Ron Fair, David Paich, Rudy Perez, Bobby Sandstrom
 * Art direction: Henry Marquez
 * Photography: Andrew Southam

Charts
Singles - Billboard (North America)

title: Oxygen (Wild Orchid album)


text:
Dovid Leibowitz

Dovid Leibowitz (1887–1941) was a leading rabbi and disciple of prewar Europe's Slabodka yeshiva in Lithuania, who went on to found the Rabbinical Seminary of America, better known today as "Yeshivas Rabbeinu Yisrael Meir HaKohen" or the "Chofetz Chaim yeshiva", as its first rosh yeshiva (dean) in the Williamsburg area of Brooklyn, New York. The Rabbinical Seminary of America was named after his great-uncle, Yisrael Meir Kagan of Raduń Yeshiva, who was known as the "Chofetz Chaim".

Biography
As a teenager he studied in the Radin Yeshiva, where he held private study sessions with his great-uncle, the founder of the Radin Yeshiva, and helped write the last volume of the Mishnah Berurah. He also studied there under Rabbi Naftoli Trop.

In 1908 Leibowitz transferred to the Slabodka yeshiva, where he studied under the Alter of Slabodka, Nosson Tzvi Finkel. In 1915 Leibowitz succeeded his father-in-law as rabbi of Šalčininkai. After six years he returned to Slabodka as a founding member of the Slabodka kollel.

in January of 1927 Leibowitz went to the United States as a fund-raiser for the kollel and was invited to become the first rosh yeshiva of Mesivta Torah Vodaath. Among his students were Gedalia Schorr and Avraham Yaakov Pam. In 1933, Leibowitz founded Yeshivas Rabbeinu Yisrael Meir HaKohen (now located in Kew Gardens Hills, New York).

On Thursday December 4, 1941, Leibowitz died of a heart attack. His funeral was held on Sunday December 7, 1941. The yeshiva was headed for the following sixty-seven years by his only son, Henoch Leibowitz.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Dovid Leibowitz


text:
Sir Patrick Spens

"Sir Patrick Spens" is one of the most popular of the Child Ballads (No. 58) (Roud 41), and is of Scottish origin. It is a maritime ballad about a disaster at sea.

Background
Sir Patrick Spens remains one of the most anthologized of British popular ballads, partly because it exemplifies the traditional ballad form. The strength of this ballad, its emotional force, lies in its unadorned narrative which progresses rapidly to a tragic end that has been foreshadowed almost from the beginning. It was first published in eleven stanzas in 1765 in Bishop Thomas Percy's Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, based on "two MS. copies transmitted from Scotland".

The protagonist is referred to as "young Patrick Spens" in some versions of the ballad.

Plot
The story as told in the ballad has multiple versions, but they all follow the same basic plot. The King of Scotland has called for the greatest sailor in the land to command a ship for a royal errand. The name "Sir Patrick Spens" is mentioned by a courtier, and the king despatches a letter. Sir Patrick is dismayed at being commanded to put to sea in the dead of winter, clearly realising this voyage could well be his last.

Versions differ somewhat at this point. Some indicate that a storm sank the ship in the initial crossing, thus ending the ballad at this point, while many have Sir Patrick safely reaching Norway. In Norway tension arises between the Norwegian lords and the Scots, who are accused of being a financial burden on the king. Sir Patrick, taking offence, leaves the following day. Nearly all versions, whether they have the wreck on the outward voyage or the return, relate the bad omen of seeing "the new mune late yestreen, with the auld mune in her airms", and modern science agrees the tides would be at maximum force at that time. The winter storms have the best of the great sailor, sending him and the Scottish lords to the bottom of the sea.

Version
Francis James Child collected some eighteen versions of Sir Patrick Spens. There is no one definitive version of more validity than any other, because the song continues in oral tradition and it may be interpreted in both the singing and the transcription. This is one version:

"Sir Patrick Spens"

The king sits in Dunfermline toune drinking the blude reid wine, "O whar can I get skeely skipper, To sail this ship o' mine?"

Up and spak an eldern knicht, Sat at the kings richt kne: "Sir Patrick Spens is the best sailor That sails upon the se."

The king has written a braid letter, And signed it wi his hand, And sent it to Sir Patrick Spens, Was walking on the strand.

To Noroway! to Noroway! to Noroway oer the faem! The king's daughter to Noroway 'Tis thou maun bring her hame.

The first line that Sir Patrick red, A loud lauch lauched he; The next line that Sir Patrick red, A teir blinded his ee.

"O wha is this has don this deid, This ill deid don to me, To send me out this time o' yeir, To sail upon the se!

"Mak haste, mak haste, my mirry men, Our guid ship sails the morne": "O say na sae, my master deir, I feir a deadlie storme.

"Yestreen I saw the new moone, Wi the auld moone in her arme, And I feir, I feir, my master deir, That we will cum to harme."

O loth, o loth, The Scots lords were To weet their cork-heild schoone; Bot lang owre a' the play wer playd, Thair hats they swam aboone.

O lang, lang may the ladies sit, Wi' their fans into their hand Or ere they see Sir Patrick Spens Come sailing to the strand.

O lang, lang may the ladies stand, Wi thair gold kems in their hair, Waiting for thair ain deir lords, For they'll se thame na mair.

Haf owre, haf owre to Aberdour, Tis fiftie fathom deip, And thair lies guid Sir Patrick Spens, The Scots lords at his feit.

Analysis
The story itself is simple and yet universal in its theme: the courageous knight dutifully obeys the command of his king despite the knowledge that he will almost certainly be going to his death. In the two-stanza exchange between Spens and the old sailor, Mark Strand and Eavan Boland have noted "the immediacy, music, and fatalism of the ballad..."

William Bowman Piper identifies a pattern of contrasts between authority, represented by the anonymous king, and nobility, as displayed by Patrick Spens. The references to the women awaiting the arrival of their men describe an experience common to any dangerous enterprise in peacetime or in war, and as old as the Bible.

Historicity
William H. Matchett considers the ballad probably to be fiction.

The events of the ballad are similar to, and may chronicle, an actual event:
 * In 1290, the Scottish heir to the throne, the seven-year-old Margaret, Maid of Norway, was being conveyed across the North Sea to Scotland when she took sick and died. Her mother, Margaret was married to Eric II of Norway in the summer of 1281. She was conducted to the wedding in Bergen by a number of knights and nobles, who were drowned on the return voyage.
 * The name "Patrick Spens" has no historical record, and, like many of the heroes of such ballads, is probably an invention, although some historians believe that he was actually Sir Patrick Vans of Barnbarroch. Vans was the original ambassador sent to negotiate the marriage between James VI and Anne of Denmark, and accompanied James VI when he set out during tempestuous weather in October 1589 to bring home his bride, who had been driven back to the coast of Norway by storms. It was Thomas Finlayson Henderson’s theory that the ballad was most likely based on this voyage.

The opening lines refer to a king who is located in Dunfermline where historically there was a royal residence, Malcolm's Tower.

Earl's Knowle on Papa Stronsay is traditionally thought to be the final resting place of Sir Patrick Spens. The history relating to the burial of Sir Patrick Spens on Earl’s Knowle on Papa Stronsay is related by William Edmonstoune Aytoun (b. Edinburgh 21 June 1813, d. 4 August 1865), Sheriff and Lord Admiral of Orkney and Shetland. It was after his retirement from this position that he edited a collection of Scottish poetry in which the first poem is Sir Patrick Spens. In his foreword to the poem Aytoun, he writes:
 * “It is true that the name of Sir Patrick Spens is not mentioned in history; but I am able to state that tradition has preserved it. In the little island of Papa Stronsay, one of the Orcadian group, lying over against Norway, there is a large grave or tumulus, which has been known to the inhabitants, from time immemorial, as ‘The grave of Sir Patrick Spens’. The Scottish ballads were not early current in Orkney, a Scandinavian country; so it is very unlikely that the poem could have originated the name. The people know nothing beyond the traditional appellation of the spot, and they have no legend to tell. Spens is a Scottish, not a Scandinavian name. Is it, then, a forced conjecture, that the shipwreck took place off the iron bound coast of the northern islands, which did not then belong to the Crown of Scotland? ‘Half ower to Aberdour’ signifies nothing more than that the vessel went down half-way between Norway and the port of embarkation.”

Influence

 * The ballad fragment Hardyknute (1719), attributed to Elizabeth Halket, Lady Wardlaw, appears to draw phrases from a version of Sir Patrick Spens.
 * Samuel Taylor Coleridge opens "Dejection: An Ode" quoting the old sailor's apprehension of the weather having seen "... the new Moon, With the old Moon in her arms".
 * In The Old Seaport David Macbeth Moir cites Spens as an heroic seaman, mirrored in the men of Culross.
 * In the 1903 Edinburgh: Picturesque Notes, Robert Louis Stevenson quotes the verse "O lang, lang may the ladies sit, Wi' their fans into their hand..." comparing them to the sailors' wives of Leith and the fisherwomen of Cockenzie "...crowding to the tail of the harbor with a shawl about their ears..." looking for the return of the boats.
 * Herbert Howells: "Sir Patrick Spens", Op. 23 (1917)
 * Louis MacNeice’s poem ‘’The North Sea’’ (1948) recounts a voyage to Norway and includes many references to Sir Patrick Spens.
 * In Euphoria by author Lily King the lead characters Nell and Bankston, fictionalized versions of Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson recite part of the poem, alternating the opening lines, during a tense night encamped with a primitive tribe in New Guinea.

Recordings
Artists who have recorded musical versions of the ballad include:
 * Buffy Sainte Marie on her album Little wheel spin and spin, released in 1966;
 * Peter Bellamy on his 1982 album "The Maritime England Suite";
 * Ewan MacColl on several occasions;
 * Fairport Convention on their 1970 album Full House, and with Sandy Denny in the reissue of Liege & Lief;
 * Nic Jones on his 1970 album, Ballads and Songs;
 * Jackie Leven on his 1997 album Fairytales For Hard Men;
 * Martin Carthy on his 1998 album Signs of Life;
 * John Roberts on his 2003 album Sea Fever, as well as a song derived from another Child Ballad, The Sweet Trinity;
 * June Tabor in her 2003 album An Echo of Hooves;
 * Jim Malcolm Live at Glenfarg 2004, Home 2002,
 * James Yorkston on his 2005 mini-album Hoopoe;
 * Robin Williamson on his 2006 album The Iron Stone;
 * Kris Drever on his 2006 mini-album Black Water, titled "Patrick Spence";
 * Martin Simpson on his 2009 album True Stories;
 * Anaïs Mitchell and Jefferson Hamer on the album Child Ballads; and
 * John Langstaff on his 1964 album Nottamun Town.
 * Being a well-documented song publicised by Mudcat, and Mainly Norfolk, the song was recorded by Jon Boden and Oli Steadman for inclusion in their respective lists of daily folk songs "A Folk Song A Day" and "365 Days Of Folk".

title: Sir Patrick Spens


text: Talk:Oxygen (Wild Orchid album)

title: Talk:Oxygen (Wild Orchid album)


text:
Michael A. Arbib

Michael Anthony Arbib (born May 28, 1940) is an American computational neuroscientist. He is an Adjunct Professor of Psychology at the University of California at San Diego and professor emeritus at the University of Southern California; before his 2016 retirement he was the Fletcher Jones Professor of computer science, as well as a professor of biological sciences, biomedical engineering, electrical engineering, neuroscience and psychology.

Early life and education
Arbib was born in England on May 28, 1940, the oldest of four children. His parents moved to New Zealand when he was about 7, and on to Australia when he was about 9. Arbib was educated in New Zealand and at The Scots College in Sydney, Australia. In 1960 he took a BSc (Hons) at the University of Sydney, with the University Medal in Pure Mathematics.

Arbib received his PhD in Mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1963. He was advised by Norbert Wiener, the founder of cybernetics, and Henry McKean. As a student, he also worked with Warren McCulloch, the co-inventor of the artificial neural network and finite-state machine.

Career
Following his PhD, Arbib moved to Stanford for a postdoc with Rudolf E. Kálmán. Arbib spent five years at Stanford, before moving to become becoming the founding chairman of the Department of Computer and Information Science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1970. He remained in the Department until 1986, when he joined the University of Southern California. He retired and was granted emeritus status in 2016.

Arbib's collected papers from the period 1960 through 1985 are held by the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Awards and honors

 * In 1992, Arbib was elected a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence for "his work in schema theory and neural networks to provide a linking methodology between distributed artificial intelligence and brain theory."
 * In 2008, Arbib was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Authored and co-authored books

 * (1968) Algebraic Theory of Machines, Languages and Semigroups ISBN 0-12-059050-6
 * (1969) Theories of abstract automata Prentice-Hall ISBN 0-13-913368-2
 * (1973) with Louis Padulo System Theory. A Unified State-space Approach to Continuous and Discrete Systems Saunders ISBN 072-167035-0
 * (1975) with Ernest G. Manes Arrows, Structures, and Functors: The Categorical Imperative Academic Press ISBN 0-12-059060-3
 * (1978) with Suad Alagic The Design of Well-Structured and Correct Programs Springer ISBN 0-387-90299-6
 * (1981) with A.J. Kfoury and Robert N. Moll A Basis for Theoretical Computer Science Springer ISBN 978-0-387-90573-0
 * (1982) with A.J. Kfoury and Robert N. Moll A Programming Approach to Computability Springer ISBN 978-1-4612-5751-6
 * (1984) Computers and the Cybernetic Society Second Edition Academic Press ISBN 978-1-483-27200-9 (First edition 1977)
 * (1985) In Search of the Person: Philosophical Explorations in Cognitive Science UMass ISBN 0-87023-499-4
 * (1986) with Ernest G. Manes Algebraic Approaches to Program Semantics Springer ISBN 978-0-387-96324-2
 * (1986) with Mary B. Hesse The Construction of Reality CUP ISBN 978-0-521-32689-6
 * (1987) with E. Jeffrey Conklin and Jane C. Hill From Schema Theory to Language OUP ISBN 0-19-504065-1
 * (1987) Brains, Machines, and Mathematics Second Edition Springer ISBN 978-3-540-96539-8 (First edition McGraw-Hill 1964 LC 63-21473)
 * (1988) with Robert N. Moll and A.J. Kfoury An Introduction to Formal Language Theory Springer ISBN 0-387-96698-6
 * (1989) The Metaphorical Brain Second Edition Wiley ISBN 978-0-471-09853-9 (First edition Wiley 1972 ISBN 0-471-03249-2
 * (2005) Beyond the Mirror: Biology and Culture in the Evolution of Brain and Language OUP ISBN 0-19-514993-9
 * (2012) How the Brain Got Language: The Mirror System Hypothesis OUP ISBN 978-0-199-89668-4

Edited books

 * (1982) with David Caplan and John C. Marshall Neural Models of Language Processes Academic Press ISBN 0-12-059780-2
 * (1984) with Oliver G. Selfridge and Edwina L. Rissland Adaptive Control of Ill-Defined Systems Plenum Press ISBN 978-1-4684-8943-9 (Proc. Nato Conference Series. II, Systems Science, V. 16, June 21–26, 1981 Devon, England)
 * (2003) The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks 2nd Edition MIT ISBN 978-0-262-01197-6 (First edition MIT 1995 0-262-01148-4)
 * (2005) with Jean-Marc Fellous Who Needs Emotions: The Brain Meets the Robot OUP ISBN 978-0-19-516619-4

Other publications

 * Dynamic Interactions in Neural Networks: Models and Data (Research Notes in Neural Computing) by Michael A. Arbib, Shun-Ichi Amari (1 January 1989)
 * Vision, Brain, and Cooperative Computation by Michael A. Arbib (Editor), Allen R. Hanson (Editor) (24 January 1990)
 * Natural and Artificial Parallel Computation by Michael A. Arbib (Editor), J. Alan Robinson (Editor) (Hardcover – 21 December 1990)
 * Neuroscience: From Neural Networks to Artificial Intelligence : Proceedings of a US-Mexico Seminar Held in the City of Xalapa in the State of Verac (Lecture Notes in Mathematics) by Pablo Rudomin, et al. (1 June 1993)
 * Neural Organization: Structure, Function, and Dynamics by Michael A. Arbib, Péter Érdi and János Szentágothai et al. (31 October 1997)
 * Neuroscience and the Person: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action (Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action Series) by Robert J. Russell, et al. (1 January 2000)
 * Computing the Brain: A Guide to Neuroinformatics by Michael Arbib, Jeffrey S. Grethe (15 March 2001)
 * The Neural Simulation Language: A System for Brain Modeling by Alfredo Weitzenfeld, et al. (1 July 2002)
 * Visual Structures and Integrated Functions (Research Notes in Neural Computing, No 3) by Michael A. Arbib, Jorg-Peter Ewert
 * Visuomotor Coordination: Amphibians, Comparisons, Models, and Robots by Jorg Peter Ewert, Michael A. Arbib

title: Michael A. Arbib


text:
Tom Haller

Thomas Frank Haller (June 23, 1937 – November 26, 2004) was an American professional baseball player, coach, and executive. He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1961 to 1972, most notably as a member of the San Francisco Giants where he made two of his three All-Star teams. Haller ended his playing career with the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Detroit Tigers.

Haller was considered one of the top catchers in the National League (NL) during the late 1960s. In 2008, he was part of the inaugural class of inductees into the San Francisco Giants Wall of Fame.

Major League career
Haller was born in Lockport, Illinois and attended the University of Illinois, where he played as a quarterback for the Illinois Fighting Illini football team. During his time at the university, Haller was also a member of Theta Chi fraternity. Haller was signed by the San Francisco Giants, as an amateur free agent, in 1958. After playing in the minor leagues for three seasons, he made his major league debut with the Giants on April 11, 1961, at the age of 24.

Haller hit .261, with 18 home runs, and 55 Run batted in (RBI), for the Giants in 1962, in a platoon system, alongside Ed Bailey, although both catchers were left-handed hitters. Haller and Bailey combined to give the Giants 35 home runs and 100 runs batted in from the catcher's position as they battled the Los Angeles Dodgers in a tight pennant race. The two teams ended the season tied for first place and met in the 1962 National League tie-breaker series. The Giants won the three-game series to clinch the National League championship. The Giants then lost to the New York Yankees in the 1962 World Series in seven games. Haller collected four hits in 14 at-bats, with a home run, and three RBI, during the Series.

Haller continued to platoon with Bailey through the 1963 season, finishing the year second to Johnny Edwards among National League catchers in fielding percentage. In December 1963, the Giants traded Bailey to the Milwaukee Braves for veteran catcher Del Crandall, and Haller became their undisputed starting catcher. He was a solid defensive catcher for the Giants from 1964 to 1967. In his book, The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, baseball historian Bill James said the decision to give Joe Torre a 1965 National League Gold Glove Award was absurd, stating that Torre was given the award because of his offensive statistics and that either Haller or John Roseboro was more deserving of the award. Haller also helped offensively in 1965, hitting two home runs and driving in five runs during a game on September 27 to put the Giants in first place with one week left in the season. However, the Giants faltered and ended the season two games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers.

The following season, Haller earned his first All-Star berth when he was named as a reserve player for the National League team in the 1966 All-Star Game. He was the catcher for two twenty-game winners in 1966, as Juan Marichal won 25 games and Gaylord Perry won 21 games. Haller finished the season with career-highs of 27 home runs and 67 runs batted in, as the Giants once again finished second to the Dodgers, by a game and a half. He earned his second consecutive All-Star berth in 1967 when he was named as a reserve for the National League team in the 1967 All-Star Game. Haller ended the 1967 season second to Tim McCarver among NL catchers in assists and in fielding percentage, and guided the Giants' pitching staff to the lowest team earned run average (ERA) in the National League, as Giants pitcher, Mike McCormick, won the National League Cy Young Award, with a 22-10 record. The Giants finished in second place for a third consecutive season, this time to the St. Louis Cardinals.

In February 1968, the Giants were in need of good infielders, and with four young catching prospects, including Dick Dietz and Dave Rader, club president Chub Feeney decided to trade Haller along with a player to be named later, to the Dodgers, for infielders Ron Hunt and Nate Oliver. The trade was the first between the two teams since their move to the West Coast in 1958, and also the first since the one that would have sent Jackie Robinson from the Dodgers to the Giants after the 1956 season. Haller played well in 1968, posting a .285 batting average, in 144 games, and earned his third consecutive All-Star berth. He also played well defensively with career-highs in assists (83) and in double plays (23). He guided the Dodgers' pitching staff to the second best team earned run average in the league, although the team finished the season in seventh place.

After spending four seasons with the Dodgers, Haller was traded to the Detroit Tigers, in December 1971. He batted .207 with two home runs and 12 runs batted in during the 1972 season as a backup catcher for Bill Freehan, when the Tigers won the American League Eastern Division championship. Haller was the younger brother of American League (AL) umpire Bill Haller and in July 1972, the two men appeared in the same game with Tom catching for the Tigers while Bill stood behind him as the home plate umpire. His playing time was reduced when the Tigers acquired catcher Duke Sims in August. In the 1972 American League Championship Series against the Oakland Athletics, Haller made only one appearance as a pinch hitter in Game 2, as the Tigers lost the series in five games. In October 1972, the Tigers sold Haller to the Philadelphia Phillies along with pitcher Don Leshnock. Haller then made the decision to retire at the age of 35.

Career statistics
In a twelve-year major league career, Haller played in 1,294 games, accumulating 1,011 hits, in 3,935 at bats, for a .257 career batting average, along with 134 home runs, 504 runs batted in, and an on-base percentage of .340. A three-time All-Star, he was a more-than-capable defensive catcher, ending his career with a respectable .992 fielding percentage which, at the time of his retirement, was second only to the .993 career record of Elston Howard. Haller led National League catchers in putouts in 1965, and in baserunners caught stealing in 1968. He set the NL single-season record for double plays by a catcher with 23 in 1968. Haller led the NL in sacrifice flies, in 1968, with 9. Haller caught for six pitchers who would eventually be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. He caught 107 shutouts during his career, ranking him 23rd all-time among major league catchers. Baseball historian Bill James ranked Haller 26th all-time among major league catchers.

Coaching and executive career
After his playing career ended, Haller worked for the Giants as a coach (1977–1979), and was their vice president of baseball operations (1981–1985). He was named to the Giants' 25th anniversary team, in 1982. Early in the 1986 baseball season, Haller served as the manager of the minor league Double-A Birmingham Barons, of the Southern League (an affiliate of the Chicago White Sox). On June 9, 1986, Haller was named as the General Manager of the White Sox, but disagreements with executive Ken Harrelson led to Haller resigning at the end of the season.

After a long illness, Haller died, in Los Angeles, on November 26, 2004, at the age of 67.

title: Tom Haller


text:
User talk:Wingg2

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 03:02, Nov 30, 2004 (UTC)
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Wulfram
Hi!

I noticed your recreation of the article WULFRAM. Before, it was voted for deletion and redirected to Tungsten. While other games do have articles on Wikipedia, please notice how they do not come across as advertisements, but as a story telling their history, important/notable features, and present day importance. I know the Wulfram article is now a work in progress, so I added the cleanup and wikify tags. I look forward to seeing this particular article expand.

Thanks! Tygar 00:30, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)

Wulfram
Hi!

Yes I did edit the article. And I was wondering if you could look at it (or already did) and see if I need to make any more changes.

Thanks! Wingg2 10:41, Apr 17, 2005

Your edit to Wulfram 2
Your recent edit to Wulfram 2 was reverted by an automated bot that attempts to recognize and repair vandalism to Wikipedia articles. If the bot reverted a legitimate edit, please accept my humble creator's apologies – if you bring it to the attention of the bot's owner, we may be able to improve its behavior. Click here for frequently asked questions about the bot and this warning. // Tawkerbot2 21:20, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wingg2


text:
Tales of Eternia

Tales of Eternia, known as Tales of Destiny II in its original North America release, is an action role-playing game published by Namco as the third main title in their Tales series. Initially released for the PlayStation in November 2000 in Japan, an English version was later released in North America in September 2001. It was developed by members of Telnet Japan's "Wolfteam", who had previously worked on its predecessors Tales of Phantasia and Tales of Destiny. The game's producers gave it the characteristic genre name RPG of Eternity and Bonds (永遠と絆のRPG). A port was released for the PlayStation Portable handheld in Japan in March 2005, and the PAL region in February 2006.

The game, set in the fantasy world of Inferia, follows the story of a young hunter named Reid Hershel and his friends, Farah and Keele, as they meet a mysterious girl named Meredy who speaks an unknown language. Their subsequent quest to discover her origins leads them across a dimensional boundary to an entirely different realm known as Celestia, where they become involved in an age-old conflict between the two worlds. Tales of Eternia was mostly well-received during its initial release, and sold approximately 873,000 copies worldwide. It would later inspire a 13-episode anime produced by Xebec loosely based on the game's plot.

Gameplay
The game plays similar to other Tales games, following the precedent set by previous role-playing video games in general as well. An overworld map is used to navigate from one location to another in the game's fictional world. Cities and towns, which are populated with NPCs, are valuable sources of information, for either triggering events that move the plot forward, or extra information that fleshes out the game's story and setting. Additionally, city merchants will exchange Gald, the in-game currency, for items or equipment that can be vital to completing the game. Progress can be saved at any time - a first for the series, and the player can also learn recipes throughout the game, using them to cook status-enhancing or healing food out of combat.

Battles with enemies are done through the Linear Motion Battle System, a hybrid fighting system that combines fighting game and traditional role-playing game elements. Movements and attacks are done in real-time, with the fighting being compared to the Street Fighter series. Much like its predecessors, Tales of Eternia gives the player a large degree of control over computer-controlled allies and the techniques they use.

Since the player only directly controls one character at a time, all other characters are governed by the general rules of AI behavior set by the player before and during battle. During battle, the player can switch which character he or she is controlling, while issuing specific orders to other allies to execute certain techniques on command. The action can be paused to use different menus for things such as item. The game's menu screens can be used to organize and uses items, creates new magic spells, develops battle strategies, changes character equipment, and views character statistics. Selected features from the menu screen, such as item use and AI settings, are available in battle, while other aspects are relegated to outside of battle.

Synopsis
The game follows Reid Hershel as he tries to prevent the Grand Fall, a cataclysmic event that would destroy his planet along with that of newly found traveling companion Meredy. Specifically, the Grand Fall entails the violent collision of twin planets Inferia and Celestia. The two planets face one another while being separated by the Orbus Barrier. Interaction between the two planets has been infrequent over the last few centuries despite their proximity; the Bridge of Light linked Inferia and Celestia in the distant past, but the link has been severed for an extensive period of time. The Aurora War, an ancient conflict that set Inferia against Celestia over two thousand years ago, continues to generate persistent mistrust between the two groups. The Orbus Barrier has shown recent signs of weakening and possible collapse due to the actions of an unknown external force.

The journey takes Reid across both planets, as he seeks out those responsible for this movement towards the brink of annihilation.

Main characters

 * Reid Hershel (リッド・ハーシェル) is an 18-year-old hunter from a small village who grew up with Farah and Keele. He is a laid-back character who enjoys a quiet life of eating and sleeping, and possesses a mysterious power known as "Fibril" which grants extraordinary abilities. He is voiced by Akira Ishida in the Japanese version. His name comes from British astronomer William Herschel.
 * Farah Oersted (ファラ・エルステッド) is a 17-year-old farmhand and martial artist skilled in hand-to-hand combat and quick combination attacks. She is characterized as being headstrong as well as altruistic and caring with a keen sense of justice, and has a budding relationship with Reid throughout the course of the game. She is voiced by Yūko Minaguchi in the Japanese version, and her name comes from Danish physicist Hans Ørsted.
 * Keele Zeibel (キール・ツァイベル) is a 17-year-old student of magic known as a Craymal Mage. Although he is physically weak and tires easily, he has an insatiable hunger for knowledge and unlocking the mysteries of his world, yet he is sometimes blinded by his over-reliance on science and pure logic. He is voiced by Sōichirō Hoshi in the Japanese version.
 * Meredy (メルディ) is a 16-year-old Craymal Mage from Celestia who speaks a language alien to the Inferians, "Melnics", that prevents her from being understood at the beginning of the game. A happy-go-lucky girl, she is known to spontaneously break into dance and is always accompanied by her pet Quickie (クィッキー). She is voiced by Omi Minami in the Japanese version.
 * Chat (チャット) is a 12-year-old Celestian and descendant of a famous pirate who styles herself as the oddball captain of his impressive ship, the Van Eltia. Though highly intelligent for her age, she lived in isolation and avoided contact with most people until she met Reid and his friends. She fights using her handbag with an assortment of tools. She is voiced by Junko Noda in the Japanese version.
 * Max (フォッグ) is a 38-year-old Celestian leader of the resistance group Shikeska, who are in direct opposition against the corrupt Celestian government. Loud, boisterous, and prone to laughter, he wields special high-powered energy cannons that can fire capsules of a variety of elements. He is voiced by Masashi Ebara in the Japanese version.
 * Rassius "Ras" Luine (レイシス・フォーマルハウト(レイス)) is a mysterious 25-year-old swordsman who masquerades as a merchant. Despite his calm outward appearance, he is a highly determined fighter who periodically aids Reid and his friends on their journey. He is voiced by Hiroshi Isobe in the Japanese version, and his name comes from the Fomalhaut star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus.

Development
Tales of Eternia was first announced in a September 1999 press conference by representatives of Namco as the third game in the Tales series, and was later shown in non-playable form at the Tokyo Game Show in March 2000. Character design was handled by artist Mutsumi Inomata, who had previously worked on the game's predecessor Tales of Destiny, and features animated cutscenes by anime studio Production I.G. Namco released a limited special edition of the game in Japan alongside its standard release known as the Tales of Eternia Premium Box (テイルズ オブ エターニア プレミアム ボックス), which included character figurines, an art book, and a clock shaped like the character Quickie. Players who preordered the game in participating Sofmap electronics stores also received an alarm clock featuring official artwork of the main cast.

While eventually released under this name in Japan, when released in the North American region, the game was retitled to Tales of Destiny II. Some speculated the game was retitled to avoid trademark infringement on the word "Eternia", owned by Mattel in North America for the Masters of the Universe toyline, but the game's creators stated it was done strictly for brand name and brand recognition reasons; Tales of Destiny was the first of the Tales game to be released in North America, and they wanted to draw a clear connection between the two games. The first game in the Tales series, Tales of Phantasia, released in 1995 for the Super Famicom, was not brought to North America until it was ported to the Game Boy Advance and released later in 2006, so for some time, Tales of Destiny was the beginning of the series for North American audiences. The naming choice would later cause further confusion after the release of the PlayStation 2 game known as Tales of Destiny 2, a genuine sequel to Tales of Destiny taking place in the same fictional world. Tales of Eternia is not actually directly related to Tales of Destiny, and is a different game from Tales of Destiny 2 for the PlayStation 2 in 2002.

PSP re-release
In early 2004, Namco announced a port of Tales of Eternia for the PlayStation Portable handheld under the project codename "T.O.E." A playable demo was featured at the 2004 Electronic Entertainment Expo in Los Angeles in June, and later at the 2004 Tokyo Game Show the following September. The game itself was largely unchanged, although Namco did manage to greatly reduce loading times, eliminating the need for any "now loading" signs altogether. Graphically, the game was altered to match the PSP's specifications. The field graphics were cropped, and the battles being redone in full widescreen, and the frame rate was improved in the overworld map. The Japanese version was purposefully released on March 3, 2005 (3/3) due to the game being the third unique title in the Tales series.

Namco only published the PSP version of the game in Japan; Ubisoft picked up the game for distribution in Europe, and it went unreleased in North America. The game, which had not been released in Europe prior to the PSP release, retained the Tales of Eternia title, despite Tales of Destiny II being used in the prior English language release in North America.

Audio
The music of Tales of Eternia was composed by Motoi Sakuraba and Shinji Tamura, who had previously collaborated on the soundtracks to both Tales of Phantasia and Tales of Destiny. Its Japanese theme song, "Flying" was performed by J-Rock group Garnet Crow, which was replaced in the English versions by an original orchestral piece.

An official soundtrack was released in March 2001 by Marvelous Entertainment containing 109 tracks from the game across two discs. One month later in April 2001, Namco released a second soundtrack by Media Factory called Tales of Eternia Remaster Audio (テイルズ・オブ・エターニア　リマスターオーディオ), which featured the same tracks in slightly better quality and arranged in a more logical order closer to how they appear in the game itself. A five-volume radio drama album series called Drama CD Tales of Eternia (ドラマＣＤ「テイルズ オブ エターニア) was released between November 2000 and March 2001 by Movic,    as well as a two-volume drama series called Tales of Eternia: Labyrinth ~Forget-Me-Not~ (テイルズオブエターニア　Ｌａｂｙｒｉｎｔｈ～ｆｏｒｇｅｔ－ｍｅ－ｎｏｔ～) released from January to February 2002.

PlayStation version
Tales of Eternia was well received in Japan, earning a 33 out of 40 possible score from Weekly Famitsu based on individual reviews of 9, 8, 8, and 8, earning the publication's Gold Award. In 2006, the magazine's readers voted it the 57th greatest game of all time, and the second highest-ranked Tales title released at that point. It sold over 550,000 copies in Japan by the end of 2000, resulting in Sony Computer Entertainment Japan bestowing a Gold Award at the 2001 PlayStation Awards ceremony for selling over 500,000 copies in the region by April 2001. By December 2007, the game had sold over 873,000 copies worldwide.

The game received "favorable" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. IGN praised the gameplay, citing "a great action-oriented battle system that has no close equivalent in any other game". GameSpot recommended it only to people who value gameplay over graphics, stating "it's a good bit of fun to play" but it "...would not be out of place on the Super Nintendo about eight years ago" regarding graphics. Namco's localization effort was generally seen as sufficient, with the humor of the script translated to the North American audience, but reviewers found the game's voice acting to be deficient and unremarkable. AllGame praised the gameplay, character designs, and 2D graphics, but criticized the game's weaker, less emphasized story, and the voice acting, stating "It isn't that the voice actors do a horrible job, it's just that more often than not, they sound as if they're waiting to get their oil changed instead of on a life-or-death mission."

PlayStation Portable version
Like its predecessor, the Japanese PlayStation Portable version of Tales of Eternia received a 33 out of 40 possible score from Famitsu based on scores of 8, 8, 9, and 8. The game sold 80,650 copies in its first week, entering the Japanese sales charts as the second-best selling title during that period, and would go on to sell approximately 398,000 copies worldwide by December 2007.

The PSP version also received "favorable" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. Eurogamer said that the game was "...by far and away the best RPG for the PSP currently on the market (as of April 2006)...", praising the graphics and gameplay, complaining the story felt "cliche" and "rushed". PALGN praised the story of the game, stating, "The story on its own has a few major twists and goes along at a pace that will keep you interested, but it’s not that spectacular, but still has quite a bit of depth" and the game's sense of exploration, stating "That’s one of the best things about Tales of Eternia. Despite being somewhat linear, you can still go your own way. The depth in the story and in the gameplay itself allow you to really play as you wish." In 2012, Game Informer named Farah one of the best characters in the Tales series, calling her "a loveable character with infectious energy."

Anime
A 13 episode anime series produced and animated by Xebec also called Tales of Eternia was inspired by the game; the series originally ran on Japanese television from 8 January 2001 to 26 March 2001. Tales of Eternia was licensed by Media Blasters on 6 July 2002 for North American distribution, but the company's license expired and it was never released in the region. The plot of the anime series is completely unrelated to the story of the original game, but contains common elements including the four main characters, Greater Craymels, and spells. A manga version of the anime was released in 2002.

Tales of Eternia Online
A massively multiplayer online role-playing game set in the world of Tales of Eternia was released on March 3, 2006, in only Japan and was active there until March 31, 2007. Subscribers were able to play online for free after paying monthly fees up to January 29, 2007, until the service ended. Japanese media cited "a declining number of accounts", but the company Bandai Namco Games did not disclose its reasons to shut down the game.

The company partnered with Dwango as of 2004 and performed the game's beta testing in early 2005 before the game's release. The online game's timeline is set around the time when the main characters journey to Celestia. Its gameplay was similar to that of the Tales games but tweaked for the online game. It lets players customize their own characters, and small window boxes appear during players' conversations with each other. The character classes are warriors, skilled at defense against enemy attacks; swordspersons, skilled at attacking; martial artists, skilled at agility and with healing and attack abilities; white sorcerers, with healing and support spells; and magic sorcerers, with attack spells. A party can be formed up to four players, but any player can fight solo. The leader of a party decides whoever can earn experience points and items after battle. The game also features minigames, including one involving cooking with ingredients obtained or purchased during the game. The game required a computer running Windows 98 Second Edition or higher.

title: Tales of Eternia


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Gypsy Lore Society

The Gypsy Lore Society was founded in Great Britain in 1888 to unite persons interested in the history and lore of Gypsies and rovers and to establish closer contacts among scholars studying aspects of such cultures.

History
David MacRitchie was one of its founders in 1888 and he worked with Francis Hindes Groome until 1892 to produce its quarterly journal. From 1892, the organisation was dormant until its revival in 1907, when MacRitchie became its president.

Another early member of the society was the explorer Sir Richard Burton, who wrote from Trieste in 1888: We [The Gypsy Lore Society] must advance slowly and depend for success upon our work pleasing the public. Of course, all of us must do our best to secure new members, and by Christmas I hope that we shall find ourselves on the right road. Mr. Pincherle writes to me hopefully about his practical studies of Gypsy life in Trieste. As regards Orientalism in England generally I simply despair of it. Every year the study is more wanted and we do less. It is the same with anthropology, so cultivated in France, so stolidly neglected in England. I am perfectly ashamed of our wretched "Institution" in Hanover Square when compared with the palace in Paris. However, this must come to an end some day.

The Society had ceased to function during World War I. Robert Andrew Scott Macfie had set it up again round 1906 and John Sampson was its president of 1915. The Romani scholar Dora Esther Yates supported the society's revival in 1922 and she became its de facto secretary although this did not happen formally until 1932.

Since 1989 it has been headquartered in the United States. Its goals include promotion of the study of Roma, Gypsies and Travellers. Gypsy Lore Society publications include journal Romani Studies continuing Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society and Newsletter of the Gypsy Lore Society. The biannual journal, Romani Studies, concerned with disseminating accurate information aimed at increasing understanding of these cultures in their diverse forms. The Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society appeared in four series, starting in July 1888. The Society's archives are held at the University of Liverpool.

The Gypsy and Traveller cultures represented include those traditionally known as Roma, Sinti, Calé, Romnichels, Ludar, Irish Travellers, Scottish Travellers and others.

The Society also sponsors programmes and conferences. The North American chapter of the Society established the Victor Weybright Archives of Gypsy Studies in 1978, specialising in recent scholarly work on Gypsy, Traveller and related studies. This research collection is now housed at the University of Michigan.

The president of the Gypsy Lore Society from 2012 to 2020 was Elena Marushiakova. From 2020 the president of the Gypsy Lore Society is Tatiana Podolinska.

title: Gypsy Lore Society


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User talk:Xsrx

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 03:03, Nov 30, 2004 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Xsrx


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User:Vrelis

Hi.

title: User:Vrelis


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Task analysis

Task analysis is a fundamental tool of human factors engineering. It entails analyzing how a task is accomplished, including a detailed description of both manual and mental activities, task and element durations, task frequency, task allocation, task complexity, environmental conditions, necessary clothing and equipment, and any other unique factors involved in or required for one or more people to perform a given task.

Information from a task analysis can then be used for many purposes, such as personnel selection and training, tool or equipment design, procedure design (e.g., design of checklists, or decision support systems) and automation. Though distinct, task analysis is related to user analysis.

Safety Critical Task Analysis
Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) focuses on how tasks that are critical to major accident risk are performed. SCTA is a crucial assessment designed to predict and understand the role that human error plays in major accidents. This is a type or workshop conducted to support Major Accident Hazard (MAH) industries, such as oil and gas, chemicals. Those activities or tasks that are identified as being safety critical (i.e. may result in significant impact to the environment or harm to people if completed incorrectly), are put through an SCTA which would break down the task into a step-by-step process and review where the most likely points of error are to occur. The aim of this is to identify where additional control measures can be introduced that would reduce the likelihood of human error in completing such an important task.

The Energy Institute in the UK, has released a guidance document titled "Guidance on Human Factors Safety Critical Analysis"

Applications
The term "task" is often used interchangeably with activity or process. Task analysis often results in a hierarchical representation of what steps it takes to perform a task for which there is a goal and for which there is some lowest-level "action" or interaction among humans and/or machines: this is known as hierarchical task analysis. Tasks may be identified and defined at multiple levels of abstraction as required to support the purpose of the analysis. A critical task analysis, for example, is an analysis of human performance requirements which, if not accomplished in accordance with system requirements, will likely have adverse effects on cost, system reliability, efficiency, effectiveness, or safety. Task analysis is often performed by human factors and ergonomics professionals.

Task analysis may be of manual tasks, such as bricklaying, and be analyzed as time and motion studies using concepts from industrial engineering. Cognitive task analysis is applied to modern work environments such as supervisory control where little physical work occurs, but the tasks are more related to situation assessment, decision making, and response planning and execution.

Task analysis is also used in education. It is a model that is applied to classroom tasks to discover which curriculum components are well matched to the capabilities of students with learning disabilities and which task modification might be necessary. It discovers which tasks a person hasn't mastered, and the information processing demands of tasks that are easy or problematic. In behavior modification, it is a breakdown of a complex behavioral sequence into steps. This often serves as the basis for chaining.

The results of task analysis are often represented in task models, which clearly indicate the relations among the various tasks, An example notation used to specify task models is ConcurTaskTrees (by Fabio Paternò), which is also supported by tools that are freely available.

For Inclusion

Knowing how to do Task Analysis is a fundamental skill in inclusive teaching. In fact, it consists of a backward composition of the objective which leads to the construction of a map (Plan), that is, a sequence of simpler actions and abilities to achieve a specific objective.

For the Task Analysis it is necessary to clearly identify which are the prerequisites for the activity: essential prerequisites (knowledge, skills and competences of the student) and support prerequisites (environmental facilitators). It therefore requires to organize teaching and also an indispensable flexibility.

There are also three approaches: technical (students are passive tools), socio-relational (students are motivated to participate), sociotechnical (an intermediate way in which students are able to make decisions and solve problems).

The advantages

 * Perform a division into sequences.
 * Identify the precise moment in which the problem occurs (behavior analysis, systematic observation) and be able to intervene effectively and efficiently.
 * Establish a progression of correct and gradual learning objectives.
 * Immediately provides for the inclusion of special environmental facilitators.
 * Move from the concrete level to the graphic coding of the experience and to metacognition.

Versus work domain analysis
If task analysis is likened to a set of instructions on how to navigate from Point A to Point B, then Work domain analysis (WDA) is like having a map of the terrain that includes Point A and Point B. WDA is broader and focuses on the environmental constraints and opportunities for behavior, as in Gibsonian ecological psychology and ecological interface design (Vicente, 1999; Bennett & Flach, 2011, p. 61)

Documentation
Since the 1980s, a major change in technical documentation has been to emphasize the tasks performed with a system rather than documenting the system itself. In software documentation particularly, long printed technical manuals that exhaustively describe every function of the software are being replaced by online help organized into tasks. This is part of the new emphasis on usability and user-centered design rather than system/software/product design.

This task orientation in technical documentation began with publishing guidelines issued by IBM in the late 1980s. Later IBM studies led to John Carroll's theory of minimalism in the 1990s.

With the development of XML as a markup language suitable for both print and online documentation (replacing SGML with its focus on print), IBM developed the Darwin Information Typing Architecture XML standard in 2000. Now an OASIS standard, DITA has a strong emphasis on task analysis. Its three basic information types are Task, Concept, and Reference. Tasks are analyzed into steps, with a main goal of identifying steps that are reusable in multiple tasks.

Hierarchical task analysis
Hierarchical task analysis (HTA) is a task description method and a variant of task analysis. Task description is a necessary precursor for other analysis techniques, including critical path analysis (CPA). HTA is used to produce an exhaustive description of tasks in a hierarchical structure of goals, sub-goals, operations and plans. In HTA, tasks are broken down into progressively smaller units.

Operations and plans
Operations are the actions performed by people interacting with a system or by the system itself, and plans explain the conditions necessary for these operations. Operations describe the smallest individual task steps in the HTA, i.e. those which cannot be broken down into plans and further operations. They are the individual actions, such as 'visually locate control' or 'move hand to control', which the user must perform in a particular combination to achieve the goal of task completion.

Applying
The following steps should be followed when conducting a HTA:
 * Define the task under investigation and identify the purpose of the task analysis. The analyst should have some further evaluation methods in mind for which the HTA will be useful and should have reason for needing this type of analysis to be performed.
 * Data collection – In order to carry out the HTA it is necessary to obtain data on how the task is performed. This could be collected via observation of the task in question or from a detailed specification of the device under analysis. Alternatively, interviews or questionnaires with people that have first-hand experience of performing that task could be conducted to gather the necessary detail.
 * Define the overall task goal, which will be presented as the top level in the HTA. An example might be "increase fan speed by two steps". This describes what is being achieved by performing the task; however, at this stage there is no indication of how the task will be performed.
 * Determine the next level of sub-goals by breaking down the overall goal. A sub-goal for the above example might be "open the climate menu". This provides more information about how to accomplish the task; however, it can still be broken down into smaller units, which will describe the individual operations (performed via the visual, manual or cognitive modes) that need to be performed.
 * Continue breaking down the sub-goals until all operations are identified. Operations in the "reduce fan speed task" will include "move finger to climate menu button" and "touch climate menu button".
 * Define plans to describe how to perform the operations in each sub-goal level of the hierarchy. In the fan speed example, the two operations will have to be performed in series, one after the other. The plan will instruct the user to "perform 1, then 2". Operations can also be performed in parallel, and in this case the plan would instruct the user to "perform 1 and 2 together". Numbers should be assigned to the different levels in the hierarchy.

Organising the hierarchy
Each level in the HTA should be numbered according to its hierarchical level: The overall goal is the highest hierarchical level and should be numbered 0. The first sub-goal in the hierarchy will be 1, also with plan 1. Further levels just extend this system - third hierarchical level: 1.1, fourth hierarchical level: 1.1.1, and so on. A HTA can be represented in list or diagram form. In list form lines should be indented to denote the different hierarchical levels. In diagram form each operation should be placed within a box and links should be made between them: a lower hierarchical level should branch from underneath a higher level operation. Plans should be written next to the branches to describe the way in which the branched operations should be carried out. Hence, the plans should be goal oriented to achieve the success of any field.

Applications and limitations
HTA is a task description method which is most commonly used as a starting point for further analyses such as multimodal CPA and SHERPA. On its own, HTA does not provide results for usability evaluation; however, you should be able to study the HTA in order to learn about the structure of different tasks. It may also allow you to highlight unnecessary task steps or potential errors that might occur in task performance. HTA is a fairly time-consuming method to carry out as each individual operation in a task needs to be analysed; however, creating a comprehensive HTA can considerably reduce the time required for other modelling methods.

title: Task analysis


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Star Trek: Klingon

Star Trek: Klingon is an interactive movie video game set in the Star Trek universe. It was written by Hilary Bader, directed by Jonathan Frakes, and featured music by Gregory Smith. It was released in 1996 by Simon & Schuster for Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS.

Star Trek: Klingon featured a style of game called a full motion video, in which live-action clips would be played in relation to the gameplay. This meant the game includes footage of Gowron relating various lines, which was later noted among Star Trek enthusiasts in the 21st century.

The media has Robert O'Reilly cast as Gowron.

Plot and gameplay
In order to dispel common misbeliefs regarding Klingons, Gowron (Robert O'Reilly) creates a holodeck "immersion studies" program to teach humans about his people's culture.

The player assumes the role of Pok, a young Klingon about to undergo the Rite of Ascension. The celebration is interrupted when Pok's father is killed during an assassination attempt on Gowron's life. Gowron and Pok then swear a blood oath to find the killers and bring them to honorable justice.

Because many of the choices in the game depend upon either Klingon cultural situations, or on explicit instructions given in the Klingon language, the game provides the player with a variety of educational tools. Within the game itself, the player can pause the story and examine objects in each scene to learn more about their significance. The third disc of the game features a language instruction program with a speech recognition engine by Dragon Systems, in addition to the audiobook Power Klingon, a cultural primer narrated by Michael Dorn. J. G. Hertzler (Martok, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine) provides the voice of Klingon Ler'at.

Reception
A Next Generation critic called the game "little more than a video disc that makes you click the mouse every now and then to see more movie." He reasoned that while the production value, acting, and storyline of the video sequences are all good, they are still below average for any of the Star Trek television series, which could be watched on TV or even rented for far less than the cost of the game. He scored it one out of five stars.

Entertainment Weekly gave the game a B and wrote that "Unfortunately—since it's likely that nowadays more people are familiar with Klingon than Esperanto—the program teaches you virtually nothing about Klingon grammar or syntax, which may be an impediment when you apply for that translator's gig at the United Federation of Planets."

title: Star Trek: Klingon


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George Jessel (actor)

George Albert "Georgie" Jessel (April 3, 1898 – May 23, 1981) was an American actor, singer, songwriter, and film producer. He was famous in his lifetime as a multitalented comedic entertainer, achieving a level of recognition that transcended his limited roles in movies. He was widely known by his nickname, the "Toastmaster General of the United States," for his frequent role as the master of ceremonies at political and entertainment gatherings. Jessel originated the title role in the stage production of The Jazz Singer.

Early years
Jessel was born to Jewish parents, Joseph and Charlotte "Lottie" (née Schwarz) Jessel, on 118th Street in Harlem, New York City. By age 10, he was appearing in vaudeville and on Broadway to support his family after the death of his father, who was a playwright.

His mother, who worked as a ticket seller at the Imperial Theater, helped him form The Imperial Trio, a harmony group of ushers to entertain patrons of the theater, with Walter Winchell and Jack Wiener, using the stage names Leonard, Lawrence and McKinley, in their early teens (such usher-singer groups were common). At age 11, he was a partner of Eddie Cantor in a kid sketch and performed with him on stage until he outgrew the role at age 16. He later partnered with Lou Edwards and then became a solo performer.

Vaudeville
His most famous comedy skit was called "Hello Mama" or "Phone Call from Mama," which portrayed a one-sided telephone conversation. In 1919 he produced his own solo show, George Jessel's Troubles.

Jessel co-wrote the lyrics for a hit tune, "Oh How I Laugh When I Think How I Cried About You," and he performed in several successful comedy stage shows in the early 1920s. In 1921 he recorded a hit single, "The Toastmaster." He sometimes appeared in blackface in his vaudeville shows.

Film and broadcasting
Jessel appeared in his first motion picture, the silent movie The Other Man's Wife (1919). In 1924, he appeared in a brief comedy sketch in a short film made in the DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film process.

In 1925, he emerged as one of the most popular leading men on Broadway with the starring role in the stage production of The Jazz Singer. The success of the show prompted Warner Bros.—after their success with Don Juan (1926) with music and sound effects only—to adapt The Jazz Singer as the first "talkie" with dialogue and to cast Jessel in the lead role. However, the studio refused his salary demands, so Jessel turned down the movie role, which was eventually played by Al Jolson. According to Jessel during an interview around 1980, Warner Bros. still owed Jessel money for earlier roles and lacked enough funds to produce this movie with a leading star. Jolson, the biographical inspiration for the movie, became the movie's main financial backer.

Jessel's next movie role was in Private Izzy Murphy (1926). Whereas Jolson's film career skyrocketed after the 1927 release of The Jazz Singer, Jessel remained in smaller movie roles, often intended for audiences fond of Jewish and other "ethnic" humor. He was elected to The Lambs Theatre Club in 1942.

In the mid-1940s, he began producing musicals for 20th Century Fox, producing 24 films in all in a career that lasted through the 1950s and 1960s. At the same time he became known as a host on the banquet circuit, famous for his good-natured wit aimed at his fellow celebrities. In 1946, he was one of the founding members of the California branch of the Friars Club. (A recording exists of an example of his "blue" work in front of a stag audience, although it was actually recorded at a roast hosted by the Friars' rival, the Masquers Club.) He also traveled widely overseas with the USO entertaining troops. As he grew older, he wrote eulogies for many of his contemporaries in Hollywood. He wrote three volumes of memoirs, So Help Me (1943), This Way, Miss (1955), and The World I Lived In (1975).

Jessel produced a number of Hollywood films, including The Dolly Sisters (1945), Nightmare Alley (1947), Golden Girl (1951) and The I Don't Care Girl (1953).

In the early 1950s, he performed on the radio in The George Jessel Show, which became a television series of the same name from 1953 to 1954.

He guest-starred on NBC's The Jimmy Durante Show. In 1968, he starred in Here Come the Stars, a syndicated variety show. However, his attempt to extend his career was undermined by a perception that his style of comedy was outdated, as well as by his outspoken support of the American entry into the Vietnam War and of conservative political causes. He often crossed the era's stereotypical political lines with its support for the civil rights movement and criticism of racism and anti-Semitism. His outspoken political opinions were, at times, the source of scandal.

In 1971, while being interviewed by Edwin Newman on The Today Show on NBC, he repeatedly referred to The New York Times as Pravda (the house organ of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union), and the interview was cut short.

Later film roles included a cameo as himself in Valley of the Dolls (1967), The Busy Body (1967) opposite Sid Caesar, and the controversial musical Can Heironymus Merkin Ever Forget Mercy Humppe and Find True Happiness? (1969) directed by and starring Anthony Newley. He made additional cameos in other all-star films such as The Phynx (1970) and Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood (1976).

Personal life
In the 1930s, his personal life kept him in the public eye as much as his movies. On May 2, 1930, Jessel married Florence Courtney in Chicago. She divorced him on October 24, 1932, on the grounds of cruelty. On April 23, 1934, Jessel married silent movie star Norma Talmadge, causing a scandal because Talmadge was married at the time that they started their affair, and she obtained a Mexican divorce only ten days earlier. After their divorce on August 11, 1939, he caused another scandal by breaking into her house with a pistol and firing shots at her current lover. In 1940, he married a 16-year old showgirl, Lois Andrews, when he was 42. They had a daughter, Jerrilyn, before divorcing in 1942. In his 1975 autobiography, The World I Lived In, Jessel claimed he had affairs with actresses Pola Negri, Helen Morgan and Lupe Vélez.

In 1961, actress Joan Tyler filed a paternity suit against Jessel claiming he was the father of her daughter Christine. Jessel later admitted he was Christine's father and settled the suit out of court. As part of the terms of the settlement, Jessel agreed to pay Tyler $500 a month in child support.

In 1964, Jessel reportedly sexually groped an adult Shirley Temple. According to Temple, he invited her to his office under the guise of discussing a recent role. During their meeting, Jessel put an arm around Temple while taking off his pants. He then grabbed the 35 year-old Temple's breasts. She fought off his attempts by kicking him in the groin.

Death
On May 23, 1981, Jessel died of a heart attack at the University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center at the age of 83. He was interred in the Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery in Culver City, California.

Honors and awards
In 1969, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honored him for his charity work by awarding him the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, a Special Academy Award. For his contribution to the motion picture industry, George Jessel has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1777 Vine Street in Los Angeles.

title: George Jessel (actor)


text:
Gear oil

Gear oil is a lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in automobiles, trucks, and other machinery. It has high viscosity and usually contains organosulfur compounds. Some modern automatic transaxles (integrated transmission and differential) do not use a heavy oil at all but lubricate with the lower viscosity hydraulic fluid, which is available at pressure within the automatic transmission. Gear oils account for about 20% of the lubricant market.

Most lubricants for manual gearboxes and differentials contain extreme pressure (EP) additives and antiwear additives to cope with the sliding action of hypoid bevel gears. Typical additives include dithiocarbamate derivatives and sulfur-treated organic compounds ("sulfurized hydrocarbons").

EP additives which contain phosphorus/sulfur compounds are corrosive to yellow metals such as the copper and/or brass used in bushings and synchronizers, unless properly buffered; the GL-1 class of gear oils does not contain any EP additives and thus used to be the choice in applications which contain parts made of yellow metals.

GL-5 is not necessarily backward-compatible in synchro-mesh transmissions which are designed for a GL-4 oil: GL-5 has a lower coefficient of friction due to the higher concentration of EP additives over GL-4, and thus synchros can not engage as effectively, unless a specialized friction modifier has been included within the oil's additive package; synchro-mesh compatibility is usually explicitly stated and such oils are often known in the trade as TDL (Total Drive Line) oils.

API ratings
Gearbox oils are classified by the American Petroleum Institute using GL ratings. The higher an oil's GL-rating, the more pressure can be sustained without any metal-to-metal contact taking place between transmission components. Separate differentials usually have higher pressure between metal parts than gearboxes and therefore need higher GL-rating. For example, most modern gearboxes require a GL-4 oil, and separate differentials (where fitted) require a GL-5 oil.

While they take the same form, the viscosity grades for gear oils are on a different scale than the viscosity grades for an engine oil. The viscometrics for gear oils are standardized in SAE J306. Multigrade gear oils are becoming more common; while gear oil does not reach the temperatures of motor oil, it does warm up appreciably as the car is driven, due mostly to shear friction (with a small amount of heat conduction through the bellhousing from the engine block).

Fully synthetic gear oils are also used in many vehicles, and have a greater resistance to shear breakdown than mineral oils.

API Category GL-1 (inactive ) designates the type of service characteristic of manual transmissions operating under such mild conditions of low unit pressures and minimum sliding velocities, that untreated oil may be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors, defoamers and pour depressants may be used to improve the characteristics of lubricants intended for this service. Friction modifiers and extreme pressure additives shall not be used.

API Category GL-2 (inactive ) designates the type of service characteristic of automotive type worm-gear axles operating under such conditions of load, temperature and sliding velocities, that lubricants satisfactory for API GL-1 service will not suffice.

API Category GL-3 (inactive ) designates the type of service characteristic of manual transmissions and spiral-bevel axles operating under mild to moderate to severe conditions of speed and load. These service conditions require a lubricant having load-carrying capacities greater than those that will satisfy APL GL-1 service, but below the requirements of lubricants satisfying the API GL-4 service, with wide operation ranges and temperature differences in the vicinity of viscosity.

API Category GL-4 designates the type of service characteristic of spiral-bevel and hypoid gears in automotive axles operated under moderate speeds and loads. These oils may be used in selected manual transmission and transaxle applications.

API Category GL-5 designates the type of service characteristic of gears, particularly hypoids in automotive axles under high-speed and/or low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lubricants qualified under U.S. Military specification MIL-L-2105D (formerly MIL-L-2015C), MIL-PRF-2105E and SAE J2360 satisfy the requirements of the API GL-5 service designation.

API Category GL-6 (inactive ) designates the type of service characteristic of gears designed with a very high pinion offset. Such designs typically require (gear) score protection in excess of that provided by API GL-5 gear oils. The original API GL-6 test equipment is obsolete.

API Category MT-1 designates lubricants intended for non-synchronized manual transmissions used in buses and heavy-duty trucks. Lubricants meeting API MT-1 provide protection against the combination of thermal degradation, component wear, and oil seal deterioration which is not provided by lubricants meeting only the requirements of API GL-4 and API GL-5.

MIL-PRF-2105E this specification released in 1995 combines the performance requirements of its predecessor (MIL-L-2105D) and API MT-1. MIL-PRF-2105E maintains all existing chemical/physical requirements, stationary axle test requirements, field test requirements and data review by the Lubricants Review Institute that were required under MIL-L-2105D. It also adds the stringent oil seal compatibility and thermal durability test requirements under API MT-1. MIL-PRF-2105E has been re-written as SAE Standard J2360. SAE J2360 standard is a new global quality standard that defines a level of performance equivalent to that defined by MIL-PRF-2105E, a U.S. military standard for approval that was not available to oil blenders in all parts of the world. It includes all of the most recent axle and transmission testing requirements identified in API GL-5, API MT-1, and MIL-PRF-2105E including the need to demonstrate proof-of-performance through rigorous field testing.

title: Gear oil


text:
Talk:604 Records

Merger proposal
The article lists a number of artists that are perhaps not all notable and redlinked. Merging some of these articles will perhaps add further notability to this page. Case in point is Armchair Cynics who currently do not pass WP:MUSIC with one EP and and two released album, one of which is self-released. Karst (talk) 14:38, 29 October 2015 (UTC)
 * Redirected. SST  flyer  13:23, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

604's comedy label and Intraset
So 604Records has a comedy label and ambient Intraset (imprint?), but not sure what wording to add to article. (Intraset possibly lower priority as their releases seem to be digital-only) Homepage of 604 Records has "604 Group" section at bottom with links including "Comedy Here Often?" website and "Intraset"(or is that "INTRASET"?) website. https://comedyhereoften.com/about/ says "The funny child of 604 Records"/"Comedy Here Often? started in 2015 when 604 Records CEO Jonathan Simkin saw the need to create more space for Canadian comedians". Article at Vancouver Sun says "604 Records’ family includes"...""the Comedy Here Often? comedy label, ambient/instrumental Intraset imprint". EarthFurst (talk) 08:21, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:604 Records


text:
Daniel James Jr.

Daniel "Chappie" James Jr. (February 11, 1920 – February 25, 1978) was a fighter pilot in the United States Air Force who, in 1975, became the first African American to reach the rank of four-star general in the United States Armed Forces. Three years later, James was forced to retire prematurely due to heart issues, just weeks before he died of a heart attack.

James attended the famous Tuskegee Institute and instructed African American pilots during World War II. He flew combat missions during the Korean War and Vietnam War, and received the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, two Air Force Distinguished Service Medals, two Legions of Merit, three Distinguished Flying Crosses, a Meritorious Service Medal, and fourteen Air Medals.

Early life and education
Daniel James Jr. was born on February 11, 1920, to Daniel and Lillie Anna (Brown) James. Daniel James Sr. worked for the Pensacola city gas company, while his mother, Lillie Anna James, was a high school teacher who established a private school for her own and other Black children in Pensacola, Florida. His mother would continue to run the "Lillie A James School" until her death at the age of 82. James graduated from the Tuskegee Institute, a precursor to Tuskegee University, in 1942, receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in physical education.

World War II
James continued civilian pilot training under the government-sponsored Civilian Pilot Training Program. He then enlisted in the Aviation Cadet Program of the United States Army Air Forces on January 18, 1943, receiving his commission as a second lieutenant and pilot wings at Tuskegee Army Airfield, Alabama, on July 28, 1943. He remained at Tuskegee as a civilian instructor pilot in the Army Air Corps later that July. Throughout the remainder of the war, James trained pilots for the all-Black 99th Pursuit Squadron.

After completing P-40 Warhawk training and then B-25 Mitchell training, James served as a B-25 pilot with the 617th Bomb Squadron of the 477th Bomb Group at Godman Army Airfield and then at Lockbourne Army Airfield from January 1944 until the end of the war.

While arrested for participating in the Freeman Field mutiny, James smuggled out press releases written by Coleman Young. James did not see combat himself until the Korean War.

While serving in Lockbourne, James next served as a P-47 Thunderbolt pilot with the 301st Fighter Squadron from July 1947 to October 1948, and then served as on the staff of the 332nd Air Base Group at Lockbourne from November 1948 to September 1949.

Korean War
In September 1949, James went to the Philippines as flight leader for the 12th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, 18th Fighter Wing at Clark Field. In July 1950 he left for Korea, where he flew 101 combat missions in F-51 Mustang and F-80 aircraft. His combat missions were with the 67th Fighter Bomber Squadron, 12th Fighter Bomber Squadron, and 44th Fighter Bomber Squadron.

After Korea
James returned to the United States, and in July 1951 went to Otis Air Force Base, Massachusetts, as an all-weather jet fighter pilot with the 58th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, later becoming operations officer. In April 1953, he became commander of the 437th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, and assumed command of the 60th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron in August 1955. While stationed at Otis, he received the Massachusetts Junior Chamber of Commerce 1954 award of "Young Man of the Year" for his outstanding community relations efforts. On August 15, 1954, he appeared as a contestant on the game show What's My Line? He graduated from the Air Command and Staff College in June 1957.

James next was assigned to Headquarters U.S. Air Force as a staff officer in the Air Defense Division of the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations. In July 1960 he was transferred to RAF Bentwaters in England, where he served successively as assistant director of operations and then director of operations, 81st Tactical Fighter Wing; commander, 92nd Tactical Fighter Squadron; and deputy commander for operations for the 81st Wing. In September 1964, James was transferred to Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, where he was director of operations training and later deputy commander for operations for the 4453rd Combat Crew Training Wing.

Vietnam War

James went to Ubon Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand, in December 1966, as deputy commander for operations, 8th TFW. In June 1967, under Colonel Robin Olds, he was named wing vice commander when Col. Vermont Garrison completed his tour. Both in their mid-40s, they formed a legendary team nicknamed "Blackman and Robin". James flew 78 combat missions into North Vietnam, many in the Hanoi/Haiphong area, and led a flight in the "Operation Bolo" MiG sweep in which seven Communist MiG-21s were destroyed, the highest total kill of any mission during the Vietnam War.

After Vietnam
He was named vice commander of the 33rd TFW at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, in December 1967. While stationed at Eglin, the Florida State Jaycees named James as Florida's "Outstanding American of the Year" for 1969, and he received the Jaycee Distinguished Service Award. He was transferred to Wheelus Air Base in the Libyan Arab Republic in August 1969 as Commander of the 7272nd Fighter Training Wing.

Following the coup engineered by radical Libyan officers, including Mohammar Qaddafi, James had a tense standoff with the militants in the late stages of turning Wheelus over to the Libyans. James was determined not to be pushed off the base early, but Qaddafi and his followers began pushing the Americans to see how far they could go and at one point "ran a column of half-tracks through the base housing area at full speed". Following this escalation, James closed the gates of the base. Qaddafi arrived at the gate and while talking to James, moved his hand over to his pistol holster to which James replied: "I told him to move his hand away. If he had pulled that gun, his hand would have never cleared the holster."

In March 1970 James was promoted to brigadier general and became Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs). James played a key role in rejecting the accuracy of a list of prisoners of war supplied by North Vietnam, despite widespread agreement within the U.S. government that it was in close accord with intelligence estimates. That rejection, in turn, bolstered the politically explosive myth that the communists deliberately were holding prisoners as hostages for some future leverage.

He was designated principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs) in April 1973. On September 1, 1974, he assumed duty as vice commander of the Military Airlift Command (MAC), headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, as a Lieutenant General.

On September 1, 1975, James was promoted to the four-star rank of general (O-10), becoming the highest ranking African-American in the history of the United States military to that date. He was assigned as commander in chief of NORAD/ADCOM at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado. In these dual capacities, he had operational command of all United States and Canadian strategic aerospace defense forces. On December 6, 1977, he assumed duty as special assistant to the Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force.

James retired from the Air Force on February 1, 1978.

Death
James died of a heart attack on February 25, 1978, just two weeks after his 58th birthday and three weeks following his retirement from the Air Force. An earlier heart attack had forced his retirement.

He was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery, following a Funeral Mass at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington DC.

He was survived by his wife, Dorothy Watkins James, their daughter, Danice Berry, and two sons, Daniel James III and Claude James. His wife Dorothy died in 2000 and is buried with him in Arlington.

Personal life
James met his wife Dorothy while he was at Tuskegee, and they were married on the campus on November 3, 1942. They had two sons and one daughter. General James's son, Lieutenant General Daniel James III, also served in the United States Air Force as a fighter pilot and in the Texas Air National Guard. He served from 1995 to 2002 as the Adjutant General of the Texas National Guard (the first Black general to hold the post), and as Director of the Air National Guard from 2002 to 2006. In the summer of 2006, he retired from the Air Force at the rank of Lieutenant General after 38 years of total commissioned service, on active duty and as an Air Guardsman.

James appeared as a guest on the August 15, 1954 episode of the panel game show What's My Line?

Political positions
James was widely known for his speeches on Americanism and patriotism, for which he was editorialized in numerous national and international publications.

Excerpts critical of the growing civil rights movement were read into the Congressional Record.

The statements by James in which he repudiated the most militant point of view endeared him to concerned whites, including President Johnson, who invited him to a White House reception. Immediately after the murder of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and as riots erupted in several areas across the country, James addressed a gathering of Air Force Association officers at which he declared that in spite of events and the resistance to progress, "I'm not disgusted-I'm a citizen of the United States of America and I'm no second-class citizen either and no man here is, unless he thinks like one and reasons like one and performs like one. This is my country and I believe in her, and I will serve her, and I'll contribute to her welfare whenever and however I can. If she has any ills, I'll stand by her until in God's given time, through her wisdom and her consideration for the welfare of the entire nation, she will put them right."

He was awarded the George Washington Freedom Foundation Medal in both 1967 and 1968. He received the Arnold Air Society Eugene M. Zuckert Award in 1970 for outstanding contributions to Air Force professionalism. His citation read "... fighter pilot with a magnificent record, public speaker, and eloquent spokesman for the American Dream we so rarely achieve."

Honors and awards
General James' military awards include the following:

The civilian awards that General James received included the following:

Builders of a Greater Arizona Award (1969); Phoenix Urban League Man of the Year Award, Distinguished Service Achievement Award from Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity (1970); American Legion National Commander's Public Relations Award, Veteran of Foreign Wars Commander in Chief's Gold Medal Award and Citation (1971); Capital Press Club, Washington, D.C., Salute to Black Pioneers Award (1975); and, all in 1976, the Air Force Association Jimmy Doolittle Chapter Man of the Year Award, Florida Association of Broadcasters' Gold Medal Award, American Veterans of World War II Silver Helmet Award, United Service Organization Liberty Bell Award, Blackbook Minority Business and Reference Guidance Par Excellence Award, American Academy of Achievement Golden Plate Award, United Negro College Fund's Distinguished Service Award, Horatio Alger Award, VFW Americanism Medal, Bishop Wright Air Industry Award, and the Kitty Hawk Award (Military).

He was awarded honorary doctor of laws degrees from the University of West Florida in 1971; the University of Akron in 1973; Virginia State College in 1974; Delaware State College in 1975; and St. Louis University in 1976. He was named honorary national commander of the Arnold Air Society in 1971.

In 1993, James Jr. was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio.

In 2019, he was chosen as the Class Exemplar for the U.S. Air Force Academy Class of 2022.

In 2020, the Pensacola Bay Bridge was renamed the General Daniel "Chappie" James Jr. Bridge, with Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signing the bill designating the bridge's name on June 2, 2020. Representative Alex Andrade and Senator Doug Broxson sponsored the successful initiatives in the Florida Legislature. The bridge connects larger Pensacola with Gulf Breeze and the beachfront community of Pensacola Beach.

Effective dates of promotion
Source:

title: Daniel James Jr.


text:
Toastmaster

Toastmaster is a general term, prevalent in the United States in the mid-20th century, referring to a person in charge of the proceedings of a public speaking event. The toastmaster is typically charged with organization of the event, arranging the order of speakers, introducing one or more of the speakers, and keeping the event on schedule. Such meetings typically include civic events, service organization meetings, and banquets for various purposes.

Description
In meetings, a toastmaster typically addresses the audience from behind a dais or from a podium. At stage entertainment events, especially ones broadcast on live television, the toastmaster often takes the form of a master of ceremonies, introducing the entertainment acts.

History
James Toole, father of actor John Lawrence Toole was possibly the first professional toastmaster during the 1840s in London. There are allusions to him in the press of the day. His obituary noted his "stentorian voice, and the ability with which he kept very large companies in order".

William Kingsmith was the first to wear the red coat now associated with the London Society of Toastmasters, as he wanted to be distinguished from waitstaff and footmen. He was the public announcer at the 1908 London Olympic games, and presided over court functions at St. James's Palace, ceremonies at the House of Commons and Royal Albert Hall.

A widely known person associated with this role was George Jessel, known in his lifetime as "Toastmaster General of the United States" (parodying the title Postmaster General of the United States).

Role
In service organizations and businesses, the role of toastmaster was a permanently assigned role, but often rotating among members. Toastmasters were largely expected to keep the event from becoming boring, and a cottage industry arose in the middle century to cater to the desire of businessmen and other leaders to overcome the fear of public speaking. Would-be toastmasters were typically counseled to use light humor, and to have anecdotes and epigrams handily memorized. Toastmasters International is an organization dedicated to helping people in public speaking and in fulfilling the role of toastmaster and leader.

Such was the importance of a toastmaster remaining sober in order to conduct events, he may have had a special cup, called the toastmaster's glass, which, although of the same size and shape as others at the event, in fact was of much lower capacity due to an almost solid interior. Several such glasses are now displayed at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.

title: Toastmaster


text:
Chieko Higuchi

Chieko Higuchi (樋口 智恵子) is a Japanese actress and voice actress from Mitaka, Tokyo. She is in the two-person group "Whoops!!" with Maaya Sakamoto.

Career
Higuchi made her debut in 1996, before she had finished high school, in Mizuiro Jidai, voicing the character of Takako Takahata. On February 5, 1997 she released an album Believe under the EMI label.

In 1998, Higuchi provided the voice of Princess Mimori in the series Kero Kero Chime, a story about Aoi, a schoolboy who is cursed by a wizard and told that if he wants to remove the curse he must find Mimori (the main female character in the 30-episode series). In 1999, she provided the voice of tomboy Shiho Nagaoka in the series To Heart. Higuchi also received her first film credit, voicing the main character of Marco in the film Marco: 3000 Leagues in Search of Mother.

In the summer of 2004, Higuchi released the albums Favorite Shoes, the Azumanga Daioh Character CD Series 4: Tomo Takino and Azumanga Daiō Kyarakutā Shīdī Shirīzu 4: Takino Tomo which after its release on July 24, 2004 ranked 80th in Oricon singles charts. On March 25, 2005, she released The Best of Rival Players XXIV Yohei Tanaka & Kohei Tanaka, which ranked 75th in the Oricon singles charts.

She voiced the character of Yūko Atoda in the 2005 series Ah My Buddha, playing another tomboy. She reprised voicing this character in the 2006 sequel, Amaenaideyo!! Katsu!!. Later in 2005, Higuchi voiced the character of Hibiki Watanuki in the TV Tokyo series Pani Poni Dash!, a parody which frequently references Japanese and American popular culture.

Anime television

 * Mizuiro Jidai (1996), Takako Takahata
 * Kero Kero Chime (1997), Mimori
 * Beast Wars II: Super Life-Form Transformers (1998), Artemis
 * To Heart (1999), Shiho Nagaoka
 * Medabots (1999), Rintaro
 * Transformers: Car Robots (2000), Ai-chan, Junko
 * Comic Party (2001), Shiho
 * Offside (2001), Nagisa Ito
 * The Prince of Tennis (2001), Youhei Tanaka
 * Azumanga Daioh (2002), Tomo Takino

 * Whistle! (2002), Tsubasa Shiina
 * Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters (2003), Kris
 * To Heart: Remember My Memories (2004), Shiho Nagaoka
 * Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monster GX (2004), Kohara
 * Meine Liebe (2004), Erika
 * Glass Mask (2005), Miki Tanuma (eps.41, 43)
 * Ah My Buddha (2005), Yuko Atoda
 * Pani Poni Dash! (2005), Hibiki Watanuki
 * Eyeshield 21 (2005–2008), Juri Sawai
 * Amaenaideyo!! Katsu!! (2006), Yuko Atoda
 * Gin'yuu Mokushiroku Meine Liebe ~Wieder~ (2006), Erika
 * Princess Princess (2006), Sayaka
 * Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's (2008), Angela

Sources:

OVA

 * Hunter × Hunter: Greed Island (2003), Biscuit Krueger

Sources:

Film

 * Marco: 3000 Leagues in Search of Mother (1999), Marco
 * Azumanga Daioh: The Very Short Movie (2001), Tomo Takino

Sources:

Video games

 * Super Robot Wars Alpha 3 (2005), Fei Yen the Knight
 * Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Spirit of Justice (2016), Minuki Naruhodo

Discography

 * "Dennou Senki Virtual On 'CyberNet Rhapsody'" (1996) a Virtual On drama CD, acting and singing as Fei-Yen Kn.
 * "Believe" (February 5, 1997, EMI Music Japan)
 * "Favorite Shoes" (大好きなシューズ) (June 21, 2004)
 * "Azumanga Daioh Character CD Series 4: Tomo Takino" (｢あずまんが大王｣キャラクターCDシリーズ④ 滝野智) (July 24, 2004, Lantis), image song single of the eponymous character ranked 80th in Oricon singles charts.
 * "The Best of Rival Players XXIV Yohei Tanaka & Kohei Tanaka" (March 24, 2005), ranked 75th in Oricon singles charts.

With Maaya Sakamoto as "Whoops!!" :
 * "Love Love Phantasy" (January 20, 1999)
 * "ジーニー" (June 17, 1999)
 * P (July 16, 1999)
 * P' (March 10, 2006)

title: Chieko Higuchi


text:
User:Bizob

The user page of Bob Holt is currently being constructed. Please excuse the lack of content or organization. Efforts will be made to rectify this as soon as possible.

title: User:Bizob