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Jack Sugden

John Jacob "Jack" Sugden is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale. The character was originally played by Andrew Burt from 1972 to 1973 with a brief return in 1976, when the actor left for Italy to write a book. On his return in 1980 he was played by Clive Hornby. Hornby remained in the role until 2008 when he was forced to take a break from Emmerdale due to illness. His last on-screen appearance was on 21 February 2008, and his absence was explained by the character visiting his mother, Annie Sugden (Sheila Mercier) in Spain. Although Hornby was intended to return, he died from his illness in July 2008 without returning to the programme. Jack was written out following Hornby's death, dying off-screen of a heart attack in February 2009.

Creation and casting
Jacob and Annie Sugden's son Jack is one of the original characters in Emmerdale. The Sugden family were the owners of Emmerdale Farm from the programme's early days. Jack and his younger siblings, Peggy Skilbeck and Joe all worked on the farm.

From the early days, Jack appeared to be a very rebellious and self-righteous character who cared little for others' views. He also has numerous flings with different women and failed marriages, due to his infidelity. Jack is an intelligent and articulate man but shown to keep secrets from his family. As time passed and Jack became a father, he has matured much more. He has firmly secured his roots in farming, which he originally tried so hard to escape from. Jack is still a man of principles and of pride, which can sometimes be his biggest weakness.

Jack was initially played by Andrew Burt, who appeared in over 100 episodes. Burt left the role in 1973 in order to work in the theatre again. Burt reprised the role in 1976. The role was then recast to Clive Hornby, who first appeared as Jack in 1980. Hornby departed the role due to ill health in 2008.

In 1997, Hornby was filming a scene which included Jack pushing a tractor when he got injured. He was rushed to hospital with a collapsed lung and spent eight days recovering. Speaking of the incident, Hornby said “It’s all right now but it made me realise that I never wanted to spend eight days again in a hospital."

1972–1973
Jack returns to Beckindale on the day of Jacob's funeral. He watches the procession from The Woolpack and wanders around the farm. Following the funeral, Jack meets Marian Wilks and then enters the farmhouse and is met with a frosty reception from his sister, Peggy who resents Jack as he has returned to the village for the first time in eight years without a word and has inherited the farm, which has caused bad feeling between her and their brother, Joe. Jack's mother Annie tells him he is welcome to stay but must help. Later, Jack quarrels with Marian when he finds out her father Henry was a partner in a company that poisoned local fish and suggests it may have been done deliberately. Jack agrees to surrender the farm to Peggy but Annie insists Jack makes the farm work. Jack then takes an interest in an old Millhouse which has a preservation order on it and plans to restore it and later reside there. He also has many a heated discussion with Henry over land access. Wallace, a friend of Jack arranges a meeting between him and a mystery woman named Lynn. Around this time, Marian and Jack become close much to Joe's chagrin. When Lynn arrives, everyone is intrigued. Jack reveals that Lynn is his common-law wife from his time in London.

When Ruth, Tom and their children Jackie, Sandie and Tommy arrive in the village, Jack offers Tom a job as a farmhand but regrets it as Tom is proven to be lazy and fires him. Tom retaliates with blackmail, threatening to tell Marian that Jack is the biological father of his son, Jackie. Tom's suspicions come from Jackie's likeness to Jack, sharing the names John Jacob and knowing of Ruth's past relationship with Jack. Jack refuses to give in and fires Tom. Marian finds out and the Merricks leave.

When Jack comes into some money, the family are suspicious of its source and discover Jack wrote a successful novel while in London. Marian is curious and enjoys the book but is ultimately unimpressed with the sexist views. Jack battles with Henry over a piece of land that Harry Jameson (John Glyn-Jones), an old friend of Jacob's, is selling. Harry tries to get them to increase their offers but Jack knows Harry is desperate and he accepts Jack's offer. He consults a solicitor and has the farm shared between Annie, Joe, Peggy and their grandfather, Sam Pearson (Toke Townley) but Sam, not wanting the responsibility, sells his share to Henry. After Peggy dies in October 1973, Jack returns to London.

1980–2008
He returns in February 1980, vowing to stay for good as he wanted to settle down. Ruth, now calling herself "Pat", returns to the village with Jackie (now played by Ian Sharrock) and her daughter, Sandie Merrick (Jane Hutcheson) after leaving Tom for good and reunites with Jack. During this time, Jackie discovers that Jack is his biological father and takes the news badly and there is an unease between the two. In October 1982, Jack and Pat marry but less than two years into the marriage, Jack begins an affair with local newspaper reporter, Karen Moore (Annie Hulley). Pat finds out and demands Jack chooses between her and Karen and he chooses Pat and they reconcile. In 1985, Pat learns she is pregnant and gives birth to Jack's second son, Robert (Richard Smith), on 22 April 1986. Jack is left devastated when Pat dies in a car crash four months later, leaving him to bring up Robert on his own.

After a lengthy period of grieving, Jack begins dating again when he meets mobile librarian, Sarah Connolly (Madeleine Howard), in 1988; Sarah also becomes a mother figure to Robert. Jackie dislikes Sarah at first and feels she is trying to replace Pat but warms to her thanks to intervention from his wife Kathy (Malandra Burrows). Jack is left bitter and angry when Jackie dies in a shooting accident in August 1989 and Sarah is there for him. The couple move in together in 1990, and Jack often proposes but she keeps turning him down. Sarah falls pregnant in 1993 and gives birth to a daughter in March 1994, Victoria (Jessica Heywood) whose crying wakes up Annie, who had been knocked comatose following a plane crash in which Jack became one of the heroes of the hour by helping rebuild the destroyed Skipdale Bridge. Jack and Sarah marry in May 1994 and in the same month the village is renamed Emmerdale.

Jack faces more grief when he learns of Joe's death in a car crash in Spain in June 1995 and is inconsolable and is unable to attend the funeral due to a bad back. Jack and Sarah's marriage is tested when Jack has a fling with Sarah's friend and Jack's former stepniece, Rachel Tate (Glenda McKay) but they reconcile. The Sugdens adopt Andy Hopwood (Kelvin Fletcher) a school friend of Robert (now Christopher Smith). By the end of the 1990s, Jack and Sarah's marriage is in trouble again when Jack suggests Robert and Andy work on the farm rather than attend school and money problems worsen. They take in a lodger, Richie Carter (Glenn Lamont) and Sarah, feeling neglected, begins an affair with Richie and leaves Jack. Sarah gets custody of Victoria (now Hannah Midgley) and Jack gets custody of Robert and Andy. Andy sets the barn on fire to help Jack claim on the insurance but the plan goes wrong when Sarah is killed and Jack is arrested as the chief suspect. Andy comes clean to Richie about the fire and begs him to change his statement and he agrees, resulting in Jack's freedom.

Jack later begins dating Woolpack landlady Diane Blackstock (Elizabeth Estensen). When Andy discovers Robert (now Karl Davies) is having an affair with his wife, Katie (Sammy Winward), he waits for Robert in his caravan with a shotgun, intending to shoot him but accidentally shoots Jack instead. Having almost died, Jack initially disowns Andy but they reconcile and Jack and Diane plan to marry but she reveals that she had colon cancer and undergoes chemotherapy. The couple married and enjoy a honeymoon in Las Vegas while Diane recovered. Further drama ensues when Jack learns Andy is the father of 15-year-old Debbie Dingle's (Charley Webb) daughter, Sarah, but supports Andy when he said he wanted to be a hands-on father, impressed with how responsible Andy had become. After a revenge attempt against Andy for killing Sarah backfires, resulting in the tragic death of Max King (Charlie Kemp), Jack banishes Robert from the village.

Jack and Diane assume responsibility for Andy's half-brother, Daz Eden (Luke Tittensor), as they did with Andy a decade earlier. Andy and Daz's father, Billy (David Crellin), is released from prison and returns to Emmerdale much to the ire of various residents, having robbed the Post Office and killed Vic Windsor (Alun Lewis) on Christmas Day 1998. During this time, Billy works to prove he has changed and begins an emotional affair with Diane. Diane, riddled with guilt, confesses and she and Jack separate but later reconcile following Victoria (now Isabel Hodgins) discovering of the truth about her mother's death. Jack visits Annie in Spain in 2008 and remains for several months until Annie informs the family of Jack's death of a heart attack on 5 February 2009, leaving them devastated.

Diane brings Jack's body back from Spain, along with his mother Annie, making her first return to her old home in 13 years. Val (Charlie Hardwick) and Eric Pollard (Chris Chittell) arrange his funeral. Jack is buried in the village churchyard. Andy, Daz, Sam (James Hooton) and Zak Dingle (Steve Halliwell) are pallbearers. Just before the service, Alan Turner (Richard Thorp) recalls to Betty Eagleton (Paula Tilbrook) a conversation where Jack had told him about the events of Jacob's funeral. Diane reads a letter Jack had written for Andy, Victoria, Daz and Robert during the service, telling them that he loved them and wanted them to live together as a family and reveals that he knew in his last weeks that he would not live to see the village again. Andy breaks down in tears and flees the church. As Jack is laid to rest, Diane places his chequered cap onto the coffin. Andy sees Robert, who is watching from a distance and drives away. Robert leaves a flower on the grave before leaving again. That afternoon, Val put a framed photo of Jack up next to the pictures of Amos and Henry Wilks in the pub. Andy, Diane, Daz and Victoria visit the grave that night to say a last goodbye. As they walk away, Diane looks back and sees a vision of Jack next to the grave. He smiles at her and she smiles back and realises that Jack will always be with her and the children and would be looking down on them.

Reception
A writer from The Daily Telegraph called Jack a "literary-minded farmer forever battling with his younger brother Joe". Craig Jones from LeedsLive called Jack one of the show's "most iconic characters", whilst Rachel McGrath from HuffPost wrote that the character was "much-loved". Rianne Houghton from Digital Spy called him a "legend" and wrote that he was "considered by many to be a good guy" despite his "occasional inter-marital indiscretions".

In October 2016, Emmerdale aired scenes where Robert (now Ryan Hawley) tells his boyfriend Aaron Dingle (Danny Miller) that Jack had "leathered" him when Robert was 15 years old after catching him with another boy. This revelation divided fans, with some criticising the show's retcon and debating whether Jack would be capable of that action, as well as accusing the show of ruining the character. However, others praised the decision to revealing a less nice side to Jack and thought it was a bold decision. Houghton from Digital Spy did not think that Jack would be abusive and noted that fans were "shocked" and that some were "less than impressed".

title: Jack Sugden


text:
Yaakov Aryeh Alter

Yaakov Aryeh Alter (Jakub Arie Alter, יעקב אריה אלתר, born 18 May 1939) is the eighth, and current, Rebbe of the Hasidic dynasty of Ger, a position he has held since 1996. He lives in Israel, and has followers there and in the United States, Europe, and Canada. He is a member of the Presidium of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah of Agudath Israel.

Life
Yaakov Aryeh Alter was born on 18 May 1939, 29 Iyar 5699 in Łódź, Poland, to Rabbi Simcha Bunim Alter, also known as the Lev Simcha, who later became the sixth Gerrer Rebbe, and Yuta Henya, daughter of Rabbi Nehemiah Alter, his grandfather's brother. He was named after his ancestor Rabbi Yaakov Aryeh Guterman of Radzymin. In 1940, he immigrated, with his father and grandfather (Rebbe Avraham Mordechai Alter), to Eretz Israel. He studied in the Talmud Torah Etz Chaim. For many years, he studied Torah at a synagogue known as Rashi Shtiebel in Bnei Brak. He married Shoshana, daughter of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Weitz, one of the heads of Yeshivat Chiddushei HaRim.

Alter is one of the wealthiest people in the Haredi sector and in Israel in general, and in 2012, he was ranked third on the list of the richest rabbis in Israel, with a net worth of approximately NIS 350 million to NIS 500 million (between approximately $95 million and $135 million) due to real estate investments his father made in north Tel Aviv, Arsuf, and Jerusalem before Israel's establishment. Despite his wealth, he lived in an apartment in an ordinary residential building in the Chazon Ish neighborhood in Bnei Brak until 2011, when he moved to Jerusalem.

He and his wife have five sons and four daughters. In 2019, it was reported that one of Alter's sons was accused of sexually molesting two young male students from amongst Alter's followers.

In 1996, after the passing of Pinchas Menachem Alter, his nephew Yaakov Aryeh Alter became the Rebbe of Ger.

In 2007, approximately 50,000 people attended the wedding of Alter's oldest grandson in Jerusalem.

In 2016, Alter's followers were estimated at 11,859 families.

In 2019, Alter's cousin Shaul Alter and his followers split off, forming Kehilas Pnei Menachem. As of 2021, membership of Shaul Alter's breakaway faction consisted of some 500 families.

In 2022, an estimated 60,000 people, including Rabbis Yisrael Meir Lau, Yitzhak Yosef, Yitzchok Zilberstein, and Nachum Dov Brayer, attended the wedding of Alter's granddaughter.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Yaakov Aryeh Alter


text:
User talk:YixilTesiphon

Speedy deletion nomination of A Successful Guide for a Guitar Audition at Berklee College of Music

A tag has been placed on A Successful Guide for a Guitar Audition at Berklee College of Music, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article seems to be unambiguous advertising that only promotes a company, product, group, service or person and would need to be fundamentally rewritten in order to become an encyclopedia article. Please read the general criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 11, as well as the guidelines on spam.

If you can indicate why the subject of this article is not blatant advertising, you may contest the tagging. To do this, please add  on the top of A Successful Guide for a Guitar Audition at Berklee College of Music and leave a note on |the article's talk page explaining your position. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would help make it encyclopedic, as well as adding any citations from independent reliable sources to ensure that the article will be verifiable. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Matias4000 (talk) 23:02, 11 March 2010 (UTC) This is not spam. I don't know how should i rewrite the article? I want people to know the book like this one http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_Idiot's_Guides where it is not tag as spam but still they talk about the book. what should I delete from the article in order to not be categorized as spam? thanks
 * To be clear, I didn't write this article; Matias4000 did. Not sure why he posted the speedy nom on my page.--YixilTesiphon TalkContribs 15:08, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

Notenglish-tag
Hello, I see that you've put MožiÄk on the Pages needing translation list and added a notenglish-tag. I've removed those and think I should explain why. The reason is that we generally move articles to VFD after they have not been translated for two weeks: '' If an article has been listed here for two weeks and is still untranslated, it should be moved to VfD. When moving items to VfD, the boilerplate text on the article should be changed from to  ''. (from Pages Needing Translation). The reason for this policy is that otherwise we would end up with lots of text in foreign languages when sometimes we're not even sure what language it is.

And welcome to Wikipedia, by the way! Sietse 10:37, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

2005 - "bizarre oil thing"
See Talk:2005. Brianjd 08:15, 2005 Jan 2 (UTC)

Mass-a-whateveritis
LOL. Thanks for that on U.S. presidential election, 2008, I assumed I had it right because it wasn't a bad link, I guess they've got redirects from the common mistakes ;) - Jord 01:33, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

US state stub tags
I see we are both working toward the same thing, for a US state stub tag. I saw your comments on the Stub comments for a Texas stub. I had a similar idea for Utah: Template:UT-stub. We should work together on this. --[jon ]   [talk ]   14:03, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I think what we've got to do is convince people that these are viable. I've got about 20 for TX. --YixilTesiphon 03:50, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

Stub sorting guidelines
I sincerely believe that we really need to lay down the law in stub sorting, and really provide a guideline. I believe that we should all attempt to reach a general consensus by April 2, 2005 in a set of rules that we can follow. Once we have built a set of guidelines, we can formally create a policy out of those guidelines. We need to define what a specialized topic stub is, how many articles it should cover, when is it appropriate to create it, what defines its need for its creation, what defines its need for deletion, what criteria it should follow, what are the general steps should one take when sorting a stub, whether or not to start using subst: for all templates, whether or not use subst: for all templates created by the meta-templates, and any other matters that may come up in consideration. I thank jag123 for initially creating the subpage for the project at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject Stub sorting/Guidelines. Even though they have been discussed, I feel that we really need to confirm everything. For that, we should discuss each issue with its own sections, and raise a list of issues that we need to nail down before really continuing on. The English Wikipedia is nearly at 500k articles. Either the MediaWiki software needs to handle stubs such that they can be found with a simple union of categories, or the sorting is done manually by Wikipedians. Personally, I think the latter is less taxing on the server load, especially when we use subst:, which I think would help the Wikipedia out, performance wise. Please make your comments at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject Stub sorting/Guidelines. I apologize for making this somewhat of a spam notice, but since the project has more members, the project can finally decide on these important issues at hand. -- AllyUnion (talk) 23:24, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Project New Hampshire?
Just curious, being you are from Texas, what brings you the the Project NH? You are welcome, BTW.

And I like Y'all too!

My parents are both from New Hampshire, and I spend a significant amount of time up there. I'm a wannabee Yankee anyways. --YixilTesiphon 23:08, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

WTF!?!
Don't you assholes have anything better to do than delete every single page I put up? Just because you don't think genealogy is an important subject doesn't mean that it isn't important to plenty of other people. Wogsland 01:59, 6 December 2005 (UTC)
 * First of all, personal attacks are generally frowned upon here. Second of all, nobody said geneology wasn't important. Thirdly, your page had nothing to do with geneology; it merely said who you were and had an ad for your geneology website. --YixilTesiphon Say hello Consider my Wikiproject idea 02:06, 6 December 2005 (UTC)

Park Cities Images
You know what? The Park Cities pages on my site haven't even been migrated from older versions of my site. I've been too lazy to update them. You are absolutely right about the University Park UMC.. I have it noted as such on the other site. I'll update the pages on my site and get you the releases of all my park cities images right away ;).. Drumguy8800 05:54, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

On a second note, I would like to thank you for your interest/support in the Dallas area pages.. Thank you thank you thank you. Drumguy8800 05:54, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

The images are up!

Ya know, I have no idea how to link to images, so I'll just make them really small..

In fact, next time I drive through the Park Cities (maybe this Saturday, even) I'll drop by Highland Park Village, SMU and Snider Plaza to get you some more content. Drumguy8800 05:57, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Hey I noticed on the Highland Park page that the Texas map has been scooted wayyy down. In pages like Dallas, Texas (and other big cities that have had their pages "upgraded"), the location and stuff is located in a general-info box in the top right. I'm not going to move stuff on the page because I assume you're still working on it, but either you can move the content into that type of a box or I'll be glad to do it.. just let me know! Thanks! Drumguy8800 06:20, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Done with the boxes.. Had to move your images in the coding so that the "Edits" didn't pile, just so you know. I don't believe I've altered anything else, though.. and visibly, they're pretty much the same. If you ever need any other Dallas-based pictures, let me know. Drumguy8800 06:59, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

A New Hampshire Stub Is Up For Deletion!
Hey, just wanted to let you know. A stub that assists people editing New Hampshire related articles is up for deletion at WP:SFD. karmafist 04:04, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

Rusted Dawn
Please vote based on an article's merits (or lack thereof). Voting delete because of sockpuppets just invites people to sock/meatpuppet to get stuff they don't like deleted. - Mgm|(talk) 10:37, 13 December 2005 (UTC)

[Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Sturmgrenadier]
hi, there is an organized campaign to save the above self-promotional vanity games-club page from deletion.... i'm wondering if you'd be willing to take a look and voice your opinion? normally i wouldnt care but (a) i hate organized campaigns from groups of users (especially when they have vested interests but dont declare them) and (b) when challenged about it, they suggested i try it myself! so here i am.... cheers! Zzzzz 20:43, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Your request at Speedy Deletions has been fulfilled
Just letting you know that I've deleted your article, User:YixilTesiphon/Wikiproject Article Review, as requested at speedy deletions. Feel free to address any concerns to me on this talk page. Thanks! -- Joe Beaudoin Jr. Think out loud 22:52, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

thanks ... and heads-up
Thanks for your fixes to Soli Sorabjee. I've since rewritten much of it, so you might want to take a peek.

I just ran into a copyright violation at Union budget of India (2005-06). Well, it *feels* like a copyright violation. I've redirected, but you might want to take a look at that as well.

Fullstop 18:10, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:FitzwilliamRhododendron.jpg
Thank you for uploading Image:FitzwilliamRhododendron.jpg. However, it currently is missing information on its copyright status. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously. It may be deleted soon, unless we can determine the license and the source of the image. If you know this information, then you can add a copyright tag to the image description page.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thanks again for your cooperation. ccwaters 19:16, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Image:Holderness-Plymouth NH Covered Bridge.jpg
A tag has been placed on Image:Holderness-Plymouth NH Covered Bridge.jpg requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section I9 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the image appears to be a blatant copyright infringement. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted images or text borrowed from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on  explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Polly (Parrot) 21:36, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

Paulville, Texas
I appreciate your consideration at AFD, which is not a grace given to everyone. It would help me, and might help unjam the discussion, if you could clarify the apparent dilemma between your nomination to delete as nonnotable, and your inclusion of text into the campaign article as if mergeable. Because attribution of all contributors is required under GFDL (nothing personal), merge and delete are not usable at the same time. It seems to me you would want either to change your vote to merge (e.g. to Ron Paul Revolution as a new article), or to revert your addition to the campaign article, in order to reaffirm your nomination to delete. Otherwise your position is not clear. Thanks again! JJB 17:22, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

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Chesapeake
I suppose I don't understand why you reverted my edit on Chesapeake Energy. The quote is "prices". An IP address changed it to say "price". That's wrong, so I changed it back. On my talk page, you said that the correct quote was "prices" and not "price" but inexplicably changed the article back to the word "price". I leave open the possibility that I am confused, but I think I've gotten right on this one. Chicken Wing (talk) 21:17, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Speedy Deletion of Embalmer
I believe I have edited the Embalmer page enough that it could be considered notable. Am I correct? HardRAWKR (talk) 00:45, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

Take home
He's also putting up under other names, I'll salt next time, is easier to combine it with a delete, thanks jimfbleak (talk) 18:12, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

Marc Estrin
What do you think of it now?:) Sticky Parkin 21:34, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

Major thanks to Sticky and thanks for your patience. Newbie on board. EdithBunker (talk) 03:43, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

HPHC Undue Influence
See article talk, Looks like you need to follow up....

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Highland_Park_High_School_(University_Park,_Texas)#For_Deletion

Msjayhawk (talk) 20:52, 24 February 2009 (UTC)

Slavery vs factory workers
The reason you gave for the speedy deletion of this article was invalid. Check out WP:CSD. However, the article is a clear copyright infringement and I have tagged it for speedy under G12. Happy editing! PDCook (talk) 20:51, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

Tagging of Agrarni reformi i varijacii na tema
I recently removed a speedy delete tag that you had placed on Agrarni reformi i varijacii na tema. I do not think that Agrarni reformi i varijacii na tema fits any of the speedy deletion criteria because A7 doe not apply to albums, nor to books or other creative works.. I request that you consider not re-tagging Agrarni reformi i varijacii na tema for speedy deletion without discussing the matter on the appropriate talk page. DES (talk) 22:46, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

Tagging of Fighting Windmills
I recently removed a speedy delete tag that you had placed on Fighting Windmills. I do not think that Fighting Windmills fits any of the speedy deletion criteria because Having released a studio album is a claim of significance. It might well not pass AfD, but is enough to avoid a speedy deletion, IMO. I request that you consider not re-tagging Fighting Windmills for speedy deletion without discussing the matter on the appropriate talk page. DES (talk) 22:49, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

DYK nomination of Tax Increment Reinvestment Zone
Hello! Your submission of Tax Increment Reinvestment Zone at the Did You Know nominations page has been reviewed, and there still are some issues that may need to be clarified. Please review the comment(s) underneath your nomination's entry and respond there as soon as possible. Thank you for contributing to Did You Know! Storye book (talk) 10:53, 20 March 2010 (UTC)

Vladimir Stojilovic- Donix
I have denied your db-notenglish tag on Vladimir Stojilovic- Donix because the article is not a reproduction of an article on another Wiki. While articles on the English Wikipedia are supposed to be written in English, it is not a speedy deletion criterion if they are not. WikiDan61 ChatMe!ReadMe!! 16:58, 22 March 2010 (UTC)

Talkback
ukexpat (talk) 17:15, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for File:David H Goodell.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to File:David H Goodell.jpg. I notice the file page specifies that the file is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the file description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 10:34, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

Wikipedia Ambassador Program is looking for Campus Ambassadors in Houston
Hi! I'm leaving you this message because you are listed as a Wikipedian connected with Rice University. The Wikipedia Ambassador Program is currently looking for Campus Ambassadors to help with Wikipedia assignments at another Houston school, which will be participating in the Public Policy Initiative for the Spring 2011 semester. The role of Campus Ambassadors will be to provide face-to-face training and support for students on Wikipedia-related skills (how to edit articles, how to add references, etc.). This includes doing in-class presentations, running workshops and labs, possibly holding office hours, and in general providing in-person mentorship for students.

Prior Wikipedia skills are not required for the role, as training will be provided for all Campus Ambassadors (although, of course, being an experienced editor is a plus).

If you live in Houston and you are interested in being a Wikipedia Campus Ambassador, or know someone else from the area who might be, please email me or leave a message on my talk page.--Sage Ross - Online Facilitator, Wikimedia Foundation (talk) 20:50, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

December 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 03:59, 13 December 2011 (UTC)

January 2012 Newsletter for WikiProject United States and supported projects
--Kumi-Taskbot (talk) 18:18, 16 January 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:55, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Nelson woods.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Nelson woods.jpg, which you've attributed to applehill.org. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file has agreed to release it under the given license.

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2019 US Banknote Contest
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title: User talk:YixilTesiphon


text:
Councils of Sirmium

In 294 AD, Sirmium was proclaimed one of four capitals of the Roman Empire. The Councils of Sirmium were the five episcopal councils held in Sirmium in 347, 351, 357, 358 and finally in 375 or 378. In the traditional account of the Arian Controversy, the Western Church always defended the Nicene Creed. However, at the third council in 357—the most important of these councils—the Western bishops of the Christian church produced an 'Arian' Creed, known as the Second Sirmian Creed. At least two of the other councils also dealt primarily with the Arian controversy. All of these councils were held under the rule of Constantius II, who was eager to unite the church within the framework of the Eusebian Homoianism that was so influential in the east.

Background
It is traditionally stated that Arianism was first put forward early in the 4th century by the Alexandrian presbyter Arius. This presents Arius as a deliberate radical, attacking a time-honoured tradition. Recent research, however, has shown that Arius was a conservative. Hanson defines 'Arianism' not as a careful reproduction of all of Arius' chief doctrines, but as a drastic subordination of the Son to the Father and the explicit rejection of the concept of substance. Arianism, defined in this way, held that the Father is uniquely self-existent and immutable. In the traditional account of the 'Arian' Controversy, Arianism concluded that Christ could not be God. However, the 'Arians' did describe Christ as "God." The Arian Controversy was not about the divinity of Christ.

The opponents of Arianism led by Athanasius of Alexandria claimed that the doctrine reduced Jesus to a demigod thus restoring polytheism as Jesus would still be worshipped. Similar to the Sabellians, Alexander taught that Father and Son are one hypostasis (one single Person).

In the traditional account of the Arian Controversy, Arianism appeared to undermine the concept of redemption as only one who was truly God could reconcile man and God. However, scholars now conclude that redemption was a cornerstone of Arianism. If Christ is the same substance as the Father, as in Nicene theology, He cannot suffer and He cannot die. The 'Arian' Christ, on the other hand, had a reduced divinity which allowed Him to suffer and even to die. In Nicene theology, at incarnation, the Logos took on a human soul. That soul acted as a buffer between the Son of God and His human experiences. In other words, the Son of God did not suffer the pain of His body and He did not die.

The First Council of Nicaea in 325 condemned Arius and his theology. The Nicene Creed stated that the Son was homoousion to Patri. In the traditional account of the Arian Controversy, this means "of one substance with the Father," meaning that Father and Son are one single substance or Being. However, scholars now conclude that that is not what it meant but that it had a much less specific meaning. Furthermore, before Nicaea, homoousios was associated with Sabellianism (one hypostasis or one Person theology). This and other indications imply that the Nicene Creed is open to a one hypostasis interpretation.

In the decade after Nicaea, the Arians who were exiled after Nicaea were allowed to return and the main supporters of the new terms in the Creed (ousia, homoousios, hypostasis), namely, the Sabellians, were deposed. Thereafter, Nicaea and homoousios were not mentioned for about 20 years. It seems as if Nicaea was dead and buried. Athanasius brought the term homoousios back into the controversy in the 350s, during the rule of Constantius.

First and Second Councils of Sirmium
Constantine the Great died in 337. His three sons divided the empire between them. The one son, however, died in 340, leaving Constantius II as emperor in the East and Constans emperor in the West. Constantius favored the Eusebian Homoianism of the Eastern Church. The Western Church was not part of the Arian Controversy when it began and was only a tiny minority at Nicaea. Traditionally, the West had a one-hypostasis theology, meaning that Father and Son are one single Person. For that reason, the Council of Rome in 340 was able to vindicate Marcellus, the most prominent Sabellian at the time, who was previously exiled by the Eastern church for Sabellianism.

After the Council of Rome, Julius wrote to the 'Eusebians' in the East, accusing them of being 'Arians', meaning followers of Arius' discredited theology, and claiming that the theologies of Marcellus and Athanasius are orthodox. Athanasius had a theology similar to Marcellus, teaching one single hypostasis. In response to this letter and the Council of Rome, the Eastern Eusebians held the Dedication Council in Antioch in 341. In contrast to the one hypostasis of the Western Church, the Dedication Creed confesses three hypostases (that Father, Son, and Spirit are three Persons with three distinct minds that are united through agreement). The Dedication Creed does not mention homoousios because it was held during the period that nobody mentions the term. For a further discussion, see - the Dedication Creed under Arian Creeds.

The Council held at Serdica in 343 (now Sofia) failed. Delegations arrived from both the East and the West but never met as one because the West included Marcellus and Athanasius in their delegation and refused to meet without them, while the East refused to meet with them because both have already been judged and exiled by the Eastern Church. The Western delegation then produced a statement of faith that explicitly teaches one single hypostasis:"“We have received and have been taught this … tradition: that there is one hypostasis, which the heretics (also) call ousia, of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.” (Hanson, p. 301)"Constans favored the one-hypostasis theology of the Western Church,

Constantius, who had a residence in Sirmium, convened the first Council of Sirmium in 347. It opposed Photinus, the bishop of Sirmium, an anti-Arian who held a belief similar to Marcellus.

In 350, Constans was killed and by 353, Constantius became the sole Emperor of both East and West. He was a devout Christian and aimed to reconcile the church, within the framework of the Eusebian theology that was so influential in the east. In the traditional account of the Arian Controversy, which presents Arian rulers as tyrants and Nicene rulers as saints, Constantius has frequently been seen as a ruthless and brutal ruler. He was not beyond subterfuge and force. However, the Roman Empire was not a democracy. Constantius must not judged against the standards of the modern free world. It was standard practice for emperors to decide which religions are allowed. And after Constantine legalized Christianity in 313, the emperor was the ultimate arbiter in theological disputes. As an example of a brutal empror, the 'Arian' controversy came to an end when emperor Theodosius, in the year 380, decided that Trinitarian Christianity will be the only legal religion and brutally persecuted all other forms of Christianity to near extinction. Measured against Theodosius, Constantius was a mild ruler. He had a reputation for mildness.

At the second Council of Sirmium in 351, Basil, bishop of Ancyra (now Ankara) and leader of the later semi-Arians (Homoiousians), had Photinus deposed. This council produced a creed - the first Sirnian Creed - which is discussed under Arian Creeds. It was the same as the Fourth Creed of the Dedication Council of 341 (See Arian Creeds), with twenty-six more anathemas added. Consistent with the purpose of the council to discuss and exile Photinus, this Creed was mainly anti-Sabellian.

Third and Fourth Councils
Councils were held in Arles in 353 and Milan in 355, with Athanasius condemned at both. In 356, Athanasius began his third exile, and George was appointed bishop of Alexandria.

The third Council of Sirmium, in 357, was the high point of Arianism. The Seventh Arian Confession (Second Sirmium Confession) held that both homoousios (of one substance) and homoiousios (of similar substance) were unbiblical and that the Father is greater than the Son. (This confession was later known as the Blasphemy of Sirmium)

But since many persons are disturbed by questions concerning what is called in Latin substantia, but in Greek ousia, that is, to make it understood more exactly, as to 'coessential,' or what is called, 'like-in-essence,' there ought to be no mention of any of these at all, nor exposition of them in the Church, for this reason and for this consideration, that in divine Scripture nothing is written about them, and that they are above men's knowledge and above men's understanding;

A Council of Ancyra in 358, chaired by Basil, released a statement using the term homoousios. But the fourth Council of Sirmium, also in 358, proposed a vague compromise: it said simply that the Son was homoios ("like") the Father.

Ursacius of Singidunum and Valens of Mursa soon proposed a new creed, drafted at the Fourth Council of Sirmium in 359 but not presented there, holding that the Son was similar to the Father "according to the scriptures," and avoiding the controversial terms "same substance" and "similar substance." Others favored the creed of Nicaea.

The opponents of Sirmium wrote a letter to the emperor Constantius, praising Nicaea and condemning any reconsideration of it, before many of them left the council. The supporters of Sirmium then issued the new creed and sent it through Italy.

The council was considered a defeat for trinitarianism, and Saint Jerome wrote: "The whole world groaned, and was astonished to find itself Arian."

Recent theory
T.D. Barnes suggests that the only extant reference to the "first Council of Sirmium" is in fact a wrongly-dated reference to the Council of Sirmium in 351. He then posits that the councils of 357 and 358 consisted of only a handful of participants and were not really councils. After examining the primary documents he concludes: "In sum, the only formal and well-attested Council of Sirmium during the reign of Constantius is the council of 351 which condemned Athanasius, Marcellus, and Photinus and promulgated the creed which was subsequently presented to the Councils of Arles and Milan."

title: Councils of Sirmium


text:
MOC

MOC, MoC, or moc may refer to:

In government and politics

 * Member of Congress
 * Ministry of Commerce
 * Ministry of Communications
 * Ministry of Construction
 * Ministry of Culture

In religion

 * Macedonian Orthodox Church
 * Masorti on Campus, a Jewish organization in North America
 * Montenegrin Orthodox Church
 * Moorish Orthodox Church of America

In computing

 * Microsoft Office Communicator, instant messaging software
 * Meta Object Compiler (moc), a code generator used by the Qt development framework
 * Model of computation, in computability theory
 * Music on Console, a console audio player

In spaceflight

 * Mars Orbiter Camera (formerly Mars Observer Camera), an instrument on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor orbiter
 * Mission operations center, in spacecraft operations

Other uses in science and technology

 * Meridional Overturning Circulation, an ocean circulation on Earth
 * Method of characteristics, a technique for solving partial differential equations
 * Microwave oven capacitor (high voltage)
 * Minimum oxygen concentration, a concept in fire safety engineering
 * Moc., the standard author abbreviation for naturalist José Mariano Mociño
 * Molybdenum carbide, a hard and stable carbide of molybdenum

In sports and recreation

 * Chattanooga Mocs (formerly Moccasins), teams of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
 * Macedonian Olympic Committee
 * Montenegrin Olympic Committee

Other uses

 * Management of Change (Change Management)
 * Maintenance of Certification, in U.S. medicine
 * Market on close order, a type of order executed at or after the closing of a stock exchange
 * Masters of Cinema, a DVD series and website
 * Military occupation
 * "Mint on card", a description of mint condition in retail or auctioning
 * Mocoví language, spoken in Argentina, language code by ISO 639-3
 * Montes Claros Airport (IATA code: MOC)
 * Mount Olive College, North Carolina, U.S.
 * Mozambique, license plate code
 * Masculine of center, gender expression terminology

title: MOC


text:
OCA

OCA or Oca may refer to:

Places and jurisdictions

 * The ancient town and bishopric Oca in Asia Minor (present Asia Turkey), now a Latin Catholic titular see
 * The former Spanish Oca, modern Villafranca Montes de Oca, also see of a medieval bishopric (Auca), now a Latin Catholic titular see
 * Oca (river), a tributary of the Ebro, Spain, having its source in the comarca of Montes de Oca
 * Côte d'Azur Observatory, French name: Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur
 * Cerro Armazones Observatory
 * Orange County Airport, several airports in the United States
 * Oregon Coast Aquarium
 * Iruña de Oca, Spanish municipality

Business and society

 * Odisha Cricket Association, state cricket body of BCCI
 * Open Content Alliance, consortium of organizations contributing to a publicly accessible archive of digitized texts
 * Optimum currency area, geographical region which efficiently shares a single currency
 * Oregon Citizens Alliance, conservative Christian political activist organization
 * Organic Consumers Association, consumer protection and organic agriculture advocacy group
 * Organization of Chinese Americans, national Asian Pacific American social and civic organization
 * Oxford Conservative Association, student political organisation at the University of Oxford

Education

 * Oakland Charter Academy, a member school of Amethod Public Schools
 * Ontario College of Art, former name for OCAD University
 * Open College of the Arts

Government

 * Court of Appeal for Ontario, frequently referred to as the Ontario Court of Appeal
 * Office of Consumer Affairs (Canada), government agency of Industry Canada
 * Olympic Council of Asia, governing body of sports in Asia
 * Organised and Financial Crime Agency of New Zealand, formerly known as the Organised Crime Agency
 * Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia (1999–2004), predecessor of the Combined Forces Special Enforcement Unit
 * Outback Communities Authority, an authority providing municipal services to communities in Outback South Australia

Medicine

 * OCA1, a gene associated with oculocutaneous albinism
 * Oculocutaneous albinism, a form of albinism involving the eyes and skin

Religion

 * Orthodox Church in America, autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church in North America
 * Oxford Capacity Analysis, also known as the American Personality Analysis, a personality test used in Scientology

Technology

 * Odoo Community Association, an organization supporting the Odoo (formerly OpenERP) community
 * Open Control Architecture, network control protocol for audio and video devices (AES70)
 * Optically Clear Adhesives, bonding agents used for light-emitting devices like OLED and LEC; see Liquid optically clear adhesive
 * Oracle Certified Associate, a level of the Oracle Certification Program

Other uses

 * Oca (structure), a kind of Brazilian indigenous dwelling
 * Oxalis tuberosa, a South American tuber known as oca in Spanish
 * Offensive counter air, military term
 * Old Croton Aqueduct, especially when referring to the hiking trail
 * Open coloring axiom in mathematics
 * Operation Crossroads Africa, a volunteer organization
 * Optical clearing agent, substance used in microscopy to make samples transparent
 * Orange County Astronomers, an amateur astronomy club based in Orange County, California

title: OCA


text:
St Johns Beacon

St Johns Beacon (also known as the Radio City Tower) is a radio and observation tower in Liverpool, England. Designed by James A. Roberts Associates, it was built in 1969 and opened by Queen Elizabeth II. The tower is 138 m tall, and is the second-tallest free-standing structure in Liverpool. It has a 10 m long antenna on the roof, making it the tallest structure in Liverpool when antennas are included.

As testament to the importance of its design, which was described by Historic England as "embodying the technological bravura and spirit of the space age", the building was listed at Grade II in November 2020.

The tower has served as the base of the local commercial radio station Hits Radio Liverpool (formerly Radio City) since 2000. Its sister station, Greatest Hits Radio, also broadcasts from the building.

Early history
At the top of the tower was a luxury five-star revolving restaurant, the façade and floor of the restaurant revolving as one unit, while the roof was used as an observation platform for visitors. There are 558 stairs up to the top, and two lift shafts with lifts reaching the top in 30 seconds.

The tower is structurally independent of the adjacent shopping centre, with a simple foundation onto sandstone. The foundation is 60 ft in diameter, 17 ft deep and begins 40 ft below Houghton Street. It has a tapering shaft that was built using slip-formed concrete. The crow's nest structure at the top was added after the shaft was formed.

The original restaurant closed in 1979 for health and safety issues. It was re-opened, with a reduced capacity and additional fire prevention measures, during the early 1980s. The restaurant was eventually re-fitted as a Buck Rogers space-themed restaurant in 1983, but closed again for lack of business. After this the observation deck and the restaurant remained closed.

In the following years, the tower lay empty and derelict. Often considered to be an eyesore or a White elephant by fellow Liverpudlians, blue "UFO style" neon strip lights were added to the perimeter of the tower in 1994 in an attempt to increase its attractiveness. These were later removed upon the refurbishment of the tower.

In late 1998, Radio City, owned and operated by the then Emap Radio, expressed interest in refurbishing the tower to house Radio City and Magic 1548, including their studios and required office space.

Work commenced in 1999 and was completed in the summer of 2000.

Later history
The tower was refurbished between 1999 and 2000 at a cost of £5 million. It reopened as Radio City 96.7 (and Magic 1548) in August 2000. The outdoor observation deck, which had been located on the roof of the restaurant, was transformed into a second floor. It now holds the offices for the radio station. The studios are on the lower floor, which was previously the restaurant. The original revolving structure and machinery were left intact during the refurbishment. Brackets were added to lock the moving structure in place.

The tower has been known to sway in heavy winds. This is a design feature and common in construction within skyscrapers and tall buildings in order to prevent structural damage from wind pressure.

During the refurbishment between the first and second floors, the Radio City 96.7 lettering was added. Until 17 April 2024 it was illuminated in yellow at night. Following the rebranding of Radio City as Hits Radio, the signage is no longer illuminated.

Lights were added under the base of the crow's nest structure, which are illuminated all day and periodically change colour. The second floor windows are sometimes illuminated at night, often with a particular colour to mark certain events.

The refurbishment added an advertising framework at the top of the tower, designed for both a fabric banner and illuminated light boxes.

Window cleaning and exterior maintenance is performed by specialist teams, who abseil down the side of the tower from the roof.

The roof houses the local 10C Digital Audio Broadcasting multiplex for Liverpool. Hits Radio Liverpool and Greatest Hits Radio do not directly broadcast from the roof. Their FM signal is transmitted by the Allerton Park Transmitter, along with BBC Radio Merseyside on 95.8FM.

In 2017, the Liverpool-based tech startup Scan and Make organised the first edition of the art contest exhibition "Making Art 4.0" in the Radio offices.

In 2018, an artwork banner was displayed on the beacon's advertisement framework. It was titled Liverpool 2018, celebrating 10 years since the city's 2008 European Capital Of Culture events.

Radio City Talk ceased broadcasting on 31 May 2020, after it was deemed not financially viable due to low listening figures.

The tower now houses the studios and offices for the regional programming of Hits Radio Liverpool and Hits Radio Lancashire, as well as the national weekday breakfast show for Greatest Hits Radio.

St Johns Beacon Viewing Gallery
In 2010, the building's first floor was opened full-time to members of the public upon paying an entrance fee. As of 2024, this fee is £7.50 for adults and £5.50 for children. Visitors can spend as long as they wish in the tower. The gallery gives the opportunity to view Liverpool from a 360° panoramic view 452 ft above the ground.

Radio
Initially, Radio City and Magic 1548 began broadcasting from the tower. However, the tower was actually refurbished with five studios and a news booth.

In 2008, the then City Talk 105.9 began broadcasting from the building.

In 2015, Bauer extended their heritage name brands into three networks: Bauer City 1, Bauer City 2 and Bauer City 3. Magic 1548 became Radio City 2, City Talk 105.9 became Radio City Talk and swapped frequencies with Radio City 2. A new station, Radio City 3 launched on 19 January 2015. This station did not need a dedicated studio as all output came from The Hits in Manchester but retained local advertisements. It was later dropped from the lineup in 2017 and eventually, The Hits became Hits Radio UK in 2018.

In January 2019, Bauer launched Greatest Hits Radio across the UK with Bauer City 2 stations becoming localised outputs. Radio City 2 was rebranded as Greatest Hits Radio Liverpool & The North West. The national weekday breakfast show, as well as local news for Liverpool originates from the tower.

Radio City Talk ceased broadcasting on 31 May 2020 due to becoming unprofitable to run.

In September 2020 with changes to Greatest Hits Radio across the UK, Greatest Hits Radio Liverpool and The North West merged with several other stations across the north west, including Wire FM.

Hits Radio Liverpool and Hits Radio Lancashire broadcast a shared weekday breakfast show across the North West. This originates from the St Johns Beacon studio.

On 17 April 2024, Radio City and Rock FM became Hits Radio Liverpool and Hits Radio Lancashire respectively.

Failed zip wire proposal
In late June 2020, ZipWorldUK proposed plans for a permanent £5 million zip wire to be installed in Liverpool City Centre, which would have started from the second floor of the Beacon and end on the roof of the Central Library. The project attracted mixed public opinions, with many people claiming that it would be a permanent defacing of one of the city's world famous landmarks. Others expressed concerns that the noise of the zip wire could disturb library users. The plan went before Liverpool City Council and on 30 June 2020 the plans were approved, however, on 2 September 2020 it was reported that Liverpool Mayor Joe Anderson was withdrawing permission for this use of the Central Library, effectively vetoing the proposal.

title: St Johns Beacon


text:
User talk:Koki~enwiki

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

Some TeXnicalities
Hello. In Lamb shift, please note that there is no need to right such things as

 * $$\,$$

when

 * $$\langle a\rangle\,$$

is intended. Also, one can adjust the sizes of the delimiters; observe the difference between the following two lines:

 * $$\langle{6 \choose 4}\rangle\,$$

 * $$\left\langle{6 \choose 4}\right\rangle\,$$

Michael Hardy 00:54, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Koki. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Koki~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:59, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 15:04, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Koki~enwiki


text:
User talk:Achriste

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Penntrianglecolor.gif)
Thanks for uploading Image:Penntrianglecolor.gif. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BetacommandBot 14:27, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Achriste


text:
User talk:Awared

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (for eg. on talk pages) use 	 ~  (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the Sandbox.
 * For help, see Where to ask a question.
 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not
 * You can contribute in many ways: write a great article, fight vandalism, upload pictures, perform maintainance tasks, contribute to existing projects...

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk

Speedy deletion of Encyclopedic value
A tag has been placed on Encyclopedic value requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article consists of a dictionary definition that has been transwikied and the author information recorded.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the article (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. - Jameson L. Tai  talk ♦ contribs 18:41, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Awared


text:
User:Peterlogan@mac.com

The Wikipedia evolution and its "as is" condition feels full of the right way to do things. Not things based on start to finish efficiencies as in time line stuff. Just the process. It wants to be fair and accurate and it wants you to advance the works of others not by correcting but by questioning and...establishing a pathway.

title: User:Peterlogan@mac.com


text:
User talk:IRude

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Brilliant prose
 * Featured pictures
 * Boilerplate text
 * Current polls
 * Mailing lists
 * IRC channel

Feel free to contact me personally with any questions you might have. The Village pump is also a good place to go for quick answers to general questions. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

[[User:Sam Spade|Sam Spade Wants you to vote!]] 10:42, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado
The year 2011 has brought many changes to the State of Colorado. We have a new Governor and other state officers, two new U.S. Representatives, many new state legislators, and a new Mayor of Denver. WikiProject Colorado is updating many Colorado articles. Many Colorado places, people, and organizations need new articles. Portal:Colorado needs new featured articles.

Can you help us? Please see our list of some requested articles. If you wish, you may join WikiProject Colorado at WikiProject Colorado/Members. If you have any questions, please leave me a message at User talk:Buaidh or e-mail me at Special:EmailUser/Buaidh. Thanks for any help you can provide.

Don't forget the Wikipedia 10th Anniversary event in Boulder tomorrow. Yours aye, Buaidh  21:51, 14 January 2011 (UTC)

You are invited to the Great Colorado Wiknic 2015
Who: All Wikipedia and Wikimedia users in Colorado and their families are invited. New users are specifically encouraged to attend.

What: The Great Colorado Wiknic 2015.

When: Sunday afternoon, July 5, 2015, from 12:00 to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our Attendees list so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our Wikimedia Colorado e-mail list to receive notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Your hosts:  Buaidh  and  BikeSally  15:23, 18 June 2015 (UTC) (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.)

Wiknic
Don't forget the Colorado Wiknic this Sunday afternoon. We hope to see you there. Buaidh 16:40, 2 July 2015 (UTC) (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.)

You are invited to the Great Colorado Wiknic
Who: All Wikipedia and Wikimedia users and their families and friends are invited.

What: The Great Colorado Wiknic 2016.

When: Sunday afternoon, June 26, 2015, from 12:00 to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our attendees list so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our Wikimedia Colorado e-mail list to receive e-mail notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Sponsor: WikiProject Colorado

Your hosts: Buaidh & BikeSally (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.)

Colorado Wiknic rescheduled to August 7
See details at Meetup/Colorado/Wiknic/2016, the June date has been postponed.--Pharos (talk) 08:15, 24 June 2016 (UTC)

Rescheduled Colorado Wiknic
The Great Colorado Wiknic 2016 has been rescheduled from June 26 to August 7 due to a conflict with Wikimania 2016. My apologies for the inconvenience. I hope you can join us on Sunday afternoon, August 7. Yours aye, Buaidh  21:55, 23 June 2016 (UTC)

Colorado Wiknic
Who: All Wikipedia and Wikimedia users and their families and friends are invited.

What: The Great Colorado Wiknic 2016.

When: Sunday afternoon, August 7, 2015, from 12:00 to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our attendees list so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our Wikimedia Colorado e-mail list to receive e-mail notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Sponsor: WikiProject Colorado

Your hosts: Buaidh & BikeSally (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.)

Delivered:01:40, 2 August 2016 (UTC)

Invitation to the Seventh Annual Colorado Wiknic
Who: All Wikipedia and other Wikimedia users and their families and friends are invited.

What: The Seventh Annual Colorado Wiknic.

When: Sunday afternoon, June 25, 2017, from 12:00 to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our attendees list so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our Wikimedia Colorado e-mail list to receive e-mail notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Sponsors: The Wikimedians of Colorado & WikiProject Colorado

Your hosts: Buaidh & BikeSally (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.) Message sent: 00:42, 12 June 2017 (UTC)

Eighth Annual Colorado Wiknic
Who: All Wikipedia and Wikimedia users and their families and friends are cordially invited.

What: The Eighth Annual Colorado Wiknic.

When: Sunday afternoon, July 15, 2018, from 12:00 noon to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our attendees list so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our Wikimedia Colorado e-mail list to receive e-mail notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Sponsors: The Wikimedians of Colorado & WikiProject Colorado

Your hosts: Buaidh & BikeSally (Delivered: 12:32, 4 July 2018 (UTC)  You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the Wikimedia Colorado event invitation list.)

An invitation to the Ninth Annual Colorado Wiknic
Who: All Wikipedia users and their families and friends are cordially invited.

What:

When: Sunday afternoon, July 14, 2019, from 12:00 noon to 4:00 pm MDT.

Where: The Wiknic will be held at our home in Arvada. Please contact Buaidh for further information or assistance.

Please add your username to our so we know how many folks to expect. You can subscribe to our to receive e-mail notice of future Wikimedia Colorado activities.

Sponsors:  and

Your hosts: Buaidh & BikeSally  We hope to see you. (You can unsubscribe from future invitations to Wikimedia Colorado events by removing your name from the ) PS: The  has been nominated for deletion. You may wish to comment at

 * Sent by ZLEA via MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 19:56, 1 July 2019 (UTC)

The future of Portal:Colorado
On June 25, 2019, Portal:Colorado was nominated for deletion. (Please see discussion at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Portal:Colorado.) We have upgraded the portal and added several new features including selected Colorado articles, biographies, and images. If you believe the Colorado portal is valuable to Wikipedia, please help us upgrade and maintain the portal. Add your suggestions for improvement to Portal talk:Colorado. You may nominate additions at: Yours aye, Buaidh  talk contribs 17:01, 7 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Portal:Colorado/Selected article
 * Portal:Colorado/Selected biography
 * Portal:Colorado/Selected image
 * Portal:Colorado/Selected mountain
 * Portal:Colorado/Did You Know

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) on behalf of WikiProject Colorado at 17:36, 7 July 2019 (UTC). If you do not wish to recieve future notifications, please remove your username from the mailing list.

WikiProject Colorado Zoom meeting 05/12/2021
WikiProject Colorado will hold a Zoom meeting at 7:30 PM MDT on Wednesday, May 12, 2021, for those interested in working on Colorado Wikipedia articles. Your suggestions and comments are appreciated. Information about some of the things we need to do is located at and

Topic: WikiProject Colorado May 2021 Time: May 12, 2021 07:30 PM MDT

Join Zoom Meeting https://us04web.zoom.us/j/78055623422?pwd=VUtPQVZrZzU1ZWVhZ0F1MExIeUQ2UT09

Meeting ID: 780 5562 3422 Passcode: WP:CO MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 16:07, 5 May 2021 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado Summer Zoom Meeting
WikiProject Colorado will hold a brief online meeting at 7:30 PM MDT on Tuesday, August 10, 2021. See what your fellow users have been up to and share your interests and suggestions. Some requests are listed at and

Topic: WikiProject Colorado Summer Zoom Meeting Time: August 10, 2021 07:30 PM MDT

Join Zoom Meeting https://us04web.zoom.us/j/74506020308?pwd=eTFPSlkzOUg0bTE2SVdXUnl2SVY4Zz09

Meeting ID: 745 0602 0308 Passcode: Colorado

If you wish to opt-out of future mailings, please remove yourself from the mailing list. Delivered by: MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 15:12, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

2020 United States Census for Colorado
I've posted the results of the 2020 United States Census for Colorado at WikiProject Colorado/2020 Census. You may wish to update your existing Colorado articles with this data.

Yours aye, Buaidh  talk e-mail 04:53, 31 August 2021 (UTC)

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) on behalf of WikiProject Colorado at 11:40, 31 August 2021 (UTC). If you do not wish to receive future notification, please remove your name from the mailing list.

Brief online meeting of WikiProject Colorado
What's up with Wikipedia and WikiProjectColorado? Join us for a brief online meeting at 7:30 PM MDT Tuesday evening, November 9, 2021 at https://meet.google.com/wyz-dfek-fdp

If you wish to opt-out of future mailings, please remove yourself from the mailing list. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:20, 2 November 2021 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado online meeting 02/08/2022
What's up with Wikipedia and WikiProject Colorado? Join us for an online meeting from 7:30 to 8:30 PM MST, Tuesday evening, February 8, 2022, at meet.google.com/ksx-wksh-eba

If you don't want to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks. Sent via MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 15:28, 4 February 2022 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado online meeting 05/17/2022
WikiProject Colorado will hold a short online meeting from 7:30 to 8:30 PM MDT, Tuesday evening, May 17, 2022, at meet.google.com/zwd-ojag-enp

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks.

Delivered by: MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 11:28, 14 May 2022 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado online meeting 08/16/2022
WikiProject Colorado will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MDT, Tuesday evening, August 16, 2022, at meet.google.com/bqn-jhaw-ewc. Anyone interested in Colorado is encouraged to attend.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks.

Delivered by: MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 17:19, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

WikiProject Colorado online meeting 11/15/2022
WikiProject Colorado will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MST, Tuesday evening, November 15, 2022, at meet.google.com/yoe-aphc-wey. Anyone interested in Colorado articles, history, or photographs is encouraged to attend.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 03:10, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

Wikimedia US Mountain West online meeting
Wikipedia users in the United States Mountain West and High Plains will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MST, Tuesday evening, February 14, 2023, at meet.google.com/kfu-topq-zkd. Anyone interested in the history, articles, or photographs of our region is encouraged to attend.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/US Mountain West/Invitation list. Thanks.

MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 07:42, 7 February 2023 (UTC)

Colorado Collaboration invitation
WikiProject Colorado invites you to participate in our current collaboration to locate and document the following two original 1861 Colorado Territory county seats: If you have any questions, please contact User:Buaidh (talk or e-mail).
 * Parkville, Colorado, the original county seat of Summit County, Colorado.
 * San Miguel, Colorado, the original county seat of Costilla County, Colorado.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 09:11, 27 February 2023 (UTC)

Colorado collaboration
We wish to thank everyone who contributed to our two prior Colorado collaborations to document the Amache National Historic Site and our three lost original county seats of Parkville, St. Vrain, and San Miguel. We invite you to help with our new collaboration to document the seven following former county seats: If you have any questions, please contact Buaidh  talk e-mail
 * California Ranch, Colorado near Franktown – Douglas County seat 1864 to 1874
 * Dayton, Colorado near Twin Lakes – Lake County seat 1866 to 1868
 * Hahns Peak, Colorado – Routt County seat 1878 to 1912
 * Lourette, Colorado – Lake County seat 1863 to 1866
 * San Juan City, Colorado – Hinsdale County seat February 10, 1874 to 1875
 * Ula, Colorado at 38.15°N, -105.5019°W – Custer County seat March 9, 1877 to 1878
 * Wason, Colorado near 37.8931°N, -106.8428°W – Mineral County seat March 27, 1893 to 1893

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks.

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 15:53, 27 March 2023 (UTC)

Wikimedia US Mountain West online meeting 05/09/2023
Wikimedians of the U.S. Mountain West will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MDT, Tuesday evening, May 9, 2023, at meet.google.com/kfu-topq-zkd. Anyone interested in the history, geography, articles, maps, or photographs of the Mountain West or the future direction of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia movement is encouraged to attend. Please see our meeting page for details.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/US Mountain West/Invitation list. Thanks. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:14, 29 April 2023 (UTC)

Wikimedia US Mountain West online meeting 08/08/2023
Wikimedians of the U.S. Mountain West will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MDT, Tuesday evening, August 8, 2023, at meet.google.com/kfu-topq-zkd. Anyone interested in articles, history, geography, maps, or photographs of the Mountain West or the future direction of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia movement is encouraged to attend. We may try to organize one or more Wiknics. Guests are welcome. Please see our meeting page for details.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/US Mountain West/Invitation list. Thanks.

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:18, 1 August 2023 (UTC)

US Mountain West online meeting November 14
Wikimedians of the U.S. Mountain West will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MST, Tuesday evening, November 14, 2023, at meet.google.com/kfu-topq-zkd. Anyone interested in the Mountain West or the future direction of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia movement is encouraged to attend. All guests are welcome. Please see our meeting page for details.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from our . Thanks.

-MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 17:03, 9 November 2023 (UTC)

Denver gathering
We will hold a casual Wikipedia gathering at the Gonzales Library at 1498 North Irving Street in Denver, on Sunday afternoon, February 11, 2024, from 2:30 to 4:00 PM MST. See details at Meetup/Denver.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from the Meetup/Colorado/Invitation list. Thanks.

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 02:50, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

U.S. Mountain West Online Meeting
Wikimedians of the U.S. Mountain West will hold an online meeting from 8:00 to 9:00 PM MST, Tuesday evening, February 13, 2024, at meet.google.com/kfu-topq-zkd. Anyone interested in the Mountain West or the future direction of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia movement is encouraged to attend. All guests are welcome. Please see our meeting page for details.

If you don't wish to receive these invitations any more, please remove your username from our . Thanks.

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 17:50, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:IRude


text:
John J. Williams (politician)

John James "Whispering Willie" Williams (May 17, 1904 – January 11, 1988) was an American businessman and politician from Millsboro, Delaware. He was a member of the Republican Party and served four terms as U.S. senator from Delaware from 1947 to 1970.

Early life and family
Williams was born on a farm near Frankford, Sussex County, Delaware, the ninth of eleven children. In 1922, he moved to Millsboro, where he and his brother Preston established the Millsboro Feed Company, a livestock and poultry feed business. John Williams married Elsie Steele in 1924; they remained married until his death 64 years later. In 1946, he served on the Millsboro Town Council.

United States Senate
Williams was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1946, defeating incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator James M. Tunnell. During this term, he served in the Republican majority in the 80th Congress, but was in the minority in the 81st and 82nd Congresses. He was elected to a second term in 1952, defeating Democrat Alexis I. du Pont Bayard, and once again served in the Republican majority in the 83rd Congress, but returned to the minority in the 84th and 85th Congresses. Williams was elected to a third term in 1958 and a fourth term in 1964, both times defeating Democrat Elbert N. Carvel, who at the time of the 1964 election was Governor of Delaware. During these terms Williams served in the Republican minority in the 86th through the 91st Congresses. In all, he served for 24 years, from January 3, 1947, until December 31, 1970, when he resigned just before the end of his fourth term. He served during the administrations of U.S. presidents Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Richard M. Nixon. Williams was Delaware's first four-term U.S. senator.

In the Senate, Williams established himself as an opponent of wasteful government bureaucracy. A proponent of free markets, he objected to President Truman's continuation of many New Deal and World War II policies. Williams supported tax cuts, opposed the continuation of price controls, and suggested the federal budget could be balanced by slashing one million federal jobs he felt were unnecessary after the Great Depression and World War II. From 1947 through 1948, Williams worked to root out corruption in the Internal Revenue Service, exposing the illegal activities of two hundred employees of the Treasury Department. In October 1963, at a time when President Kennedy was pondering the future of his vice president, Lyndon Johnson, Williams exposed corruption in the office of U.S. Senate aide Bobby Baker, Johnson's protégé. Williams did not sign the 1956 Southern Manifesto, and voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964, as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the Voting Rights Act of 1965,  and the confirmation of Thurgood Marshall to the U.S. Supreme Court, but voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1968. Williams was the distinctive 67th vote in favor of ending the filibuster of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, leading Mike Mansfield to proclaim "That's it!". In 1967, Williams helped defeat a proposed rule change that would have eliminated the filibuster, a tool that had been of great use to him in exposing government waste and misconduct. In 1968, unable to defeat the tax increase proposed by President Johnson, Williams worked with Democratic U.S. Senator George Smathers of Florida to simultaneously cut federal spending by $60 billion.

Williams, as well as his Senate colleague Prescott Bush of Connecticut, was considered a possible running mate for Republican presidential nominee Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952, but removed himself from consideration. He was also considered for a spot on the Republican ticket in 1964 and as a possible replacement for Spiro Agnew when he resigned as vice president of the United States in 1973. Williams was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1948 and 1956.

In 1965, Williams began pressing for a law that would set a mandatory retirement age of 65 for all elected officials. Though mandatory retirement was never enacted, Williams announced in 1969 that he would not seek a fifth term in the U.S. Senate. On December 31, 1970, he resigned from the Senate just before the end of his term, allowing his protégé, newly elected Republican William V. Roth, Jr., to gain additional seniority in his new class of U.S. senators.

In September 1966, Williams assailed the anti-inflation program of the Johnson administration as a "piece-meal approach" to a larger issue and advocated for a five percent across the board tax hike as well as Congress resuming a leadership role on the subject of enacting "necessary remedies to stave off financial collapse that may engulf us".

Death and legacy
Williams died in a hospital in Lewes, Delaware and was buried in Millsboro Cemetery, at Millsboro. He was a member of the Methodist Church, the Freemasons, and the Shriners. During his career in the U.S. Senate, Williams was called the "Lonewolf Investigator," "Watchdog of the Treasury," "Honest John," "Mr. Integrity," and most often, "the Conscience of the Senate." The section of Delaware Route 24 between Millsboro and Midway is named the John J. Williams Highway in his honor.

Almanac
Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. U.S. Senators are popularly elected and take office January 3 for a six-year term.

Images

 * Political and Historical Figures Portrait Gallery; Portrait courtesy of Historical and Cultural Affairs, Dover.

title: John J. Williams (politician)


text:
Star of Lakshmi

The Star of Lakshmi is a special octagram, a regular compound polygon, represented by Schläfli symbol {8/2} or 2{4}, made from two congruent squares with the same center at 45° angles, and figures in Hinduism, commonly misattributed to Ashtalakshmi (अष्टलक्ष्मी, , lit. Eightfold Lakshmi), the eight forms, or "kinds of wealth", of the goddess Lakshmi due to being called so in The Return of the Pink Panther.

In popular culture

 * The figure was popularized by The Return of the Pink Panther where it is featured with the same name in the Lugash national museum portrayed in the movie.
 * An eight-pointed star logo has been used by the band Faith No More, although the creator said it was an homage to the Symbol of Chaos.

title: Star of Lakshmi


text:
Linda Barker

Linda Barker (born 26 October 1961) is an English interior designer and television presenter.

Education
Born in Shelf, on the outskirts of Halifax in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barker was educated at Bradford Girls' Grammar School before studying fine art at the Surrey Institute of Art & Design in Farnham, now the University for the Creative Arts. She then did odd jobs in various areas including fashion, before settling into a career as an interior designer. An accomplished painter, she did up her flat in Battersea and was the subject of a House Beautiful magazine spread on interiors.

Career
Barker began her work in television as a set designer, where she met her husband. She was one of the group of people including Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen approached by the BBC in 1996 to work on a television show called Changing Rooms as designers. Barker also started co-presenting House Invaders in 1999, and co-presented a three-part special called Planet Christmas in 2001. After six years of Changing Rooms, restricted by the BBC's position on commercial endorsement and disappointed to be overlooked as a replacement presenter to Carol Smillie, she left the show.

Barker launched her more commercially focused career by appearing in the second series of the ITV reality show I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!, on which she finished in third place on the final day.

Barker adopted a new personal image, being featured in lads' magazine shoots and making a yoga DVD. Commercially, she designed and advertised sofas for retailer DFS and cabins for Thomson Holidays. She also brought out her own wallpaper range with Crown. She began presenting series for ITV, including With A Little Help From My Friends, Building the Dream and a daytime lifestyle series, Under Construction.

In 2007 Barker took part in the CBBC children's show Hider in the House, as the hidden celebrity. Barker also appeared on a celebrity edition of Come Dine with Me, aired on 17 September 2008, alongside Peter Stringfellow, Michelle Heaton and Lee Ryan. Linda finished in joint first place with Ryan, both of whom scored 26 points.

In 2009 she joined the design team on the ITV daytime series 60 Minute Makeover.

In 2013, Barker went on to take part in Splash!, ITV's celebrity diving show with Olympic diver Tom Daley as her mentor. She finished in third place. Barker, who wore a bikini throughout the series, received widespread admiration for her slim, toned figure and became an ambassador for Playtex shortly after.

In 2017, she presented The Home Game, a new daytime series for ITV.

Today Barker writes, publishes design books and writes a column for the weekend Daily Express magazine.

In April 2021, Barker launched a collection of fabrics, curtains and blinds with home furnishings retailer Terrys under the brand name "Linda Barker Home".

Personal life
She is married to TV executive Chris Short, and the couple have a daughter and two dogs. The family currently lives between Battersea London and the East Riding of Yorkshire.

title: Linda Barker


text:
The Local Stigmatic

The Local Stigmatic is a 1990 film directed by David Wheeler and produced by and starring Al Pacino. It was filmed and edited during the late 1980s. It had a showing at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in March 1990, but was never released theatrically. It was released on DVD as part of "The Al Pacino Box Set" in June 2007. The film is 56 minutes long.

It follows the story of two British friends who spend their time walking about London discussing dog track racing.

The Local Stigmatic is based on a stage play by Heathcote Williams.

Cast

 * Al Pacino - Graham
 * Paul Guilfoyle - Ray
 * Joseph Maher - David

Reception
The movie was not a critical success.

title: The Local Stigmatic


text:
XETRA

XETRA may refer to:

 * XEWW-AM, formerly XETRA, a commercial AM radio station in Baja California, Mexico
 * XETRA-FM, an English-language radio station in Baja California, Mexico
 * Xetra (trading system), a trading venue operated by the Frankfurt Stock Exchange

title: XETRA


text:
Kiel Transmission Tower

The Fernmeldeturm Kiel (Telecommunication Tower Kiel) is a modern landmark of Kiel in Germany, completed in 1975. The 230-metre-high tower, which is used for directional services and TV, VHF and UHF transmission is not accessible to the public. The basket of this tower, which belongs to German Telekom Inc., has a diameter of 40 metres.

title: Kiel Transmission Tower