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Craig Ferguson

Craig Ferguson (born 17 May 1962) is a Scottish-American comedian, actor, writer, and television host. He is best known for hosting the CBS late-night talk show The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson (2005–2014), for which he won a Peabody Award for his interview with South African archbishop Desmond Tutu in 2009.

After leaving The Late Late Show in December 2014, he hosted the syndicated game show Celebrity Name Game (2014–2017), for which he won two Daytime Emmy Awards, and Join or Die with Craig Ferguson (2016) on History. In 2017, he released a six-episode web show with his wife, Megan Wallace Cunningham, titled Couple Thinkers. In 2021, he hosted The Hustler, television game show that aired on ABC from 4 January to 23 September 2021.

After starting his career in the UK with music, comedy, and theatre, Ferguson moved to the US, where he appeared in the role of Nigel Wick on the ABC sitcom The Drew Carey Show (1996–2004). Ferguson has written three books: Between the Bridge and the River, a novel; American on Purpose (2009), a memoir; and Riding the Elephant: A Memoir of Altercations, Humiliations, Hallucinations & Observations (2019). He holds both British and American citizenship.

He has written and starred in three films, directing one of them, and has appeared in several others. In animated film, he had provided the voices of Gobber in the How to Train Your Dragon film series (2010–2019), Owl in Winnie the Pooh (2011), and Lord Macintosh in Brave (2012).

Early life and education
Ferguson was born on 17 May 1962 in Stobhill Hospital in the Springburn community district of Glasgow, to Robert (1930 – 2006), a post office worker and Scottish Nationalist and Janet Ferguson (1933 – 2008), a primary school teacher When he was 6 months old, he and his family moved from their Springburn flat to a Development Corporation house in the nearby New Town of Cumbernauld, where he grew up "chubby and bullied". They lived there as Cumbernauld was rehousing many Glaswegians away from the poor housing conditions and damage to the city from World War II. Ferguson attended Muirfield Primary School and Cumbernauld High School. At age 16, Ferguson left high school and began an apprenticeship to be an electronics technician at a local factory of American company Burroughs Corporation. Ferguson has two sisters (one older and one younger) and one older brother. His younger sister, Lynn Ferguson Tweddle, is also a comedian, presenter and actress, who voiced Mac in the 2000 stop-motion animation film Chicken Run. She was a writer on The Late Late Show until July 2011.

His first visit to the United States was in 1975, when he was 13, to visit an uncle who lived on Long Island, near New York City. When he moved to New York City in 1983, he worked in construction in Harlem. He was later a bouncer at the nightclub Save the Robots before returning to the United Kingdom.

UK career
Ferguson's entertainment career began as a teenager, drumming for Glasgow punk bands such as the Night Creatures and Exposure. He then had a brief stint as a drummer for the post-punk band Ana Hausen, which released a single for Human Records in 1981. Following that, he joined punk band The Bastards from Hell, later renamed the Dreamboys, and fronted by vocalist and future actor Peter Capaldi. They performed regularly in Glasgow from 1980 to 1982. Ferguson credits Capaldi for inspiring him to try comedy. When Ferguson was 18, he worked as a session musician and performed as a drummer for Nico during a few gigs when she toured Scotland.

After a nerve-wracking first comedy appearance, he decided to create a character he described as a "parody of all the über-patriotic native folk singers who seemed to infect every public performance in Scotland," using the name "Bing Hitler" borrowed from Peter Capaldi. Ferguson first performed as the character in Glasgow, and was subsequently a hit at the 1986 Edinburgh Festival Fringe. However, by the end of the year, Ferguson was already discussing his intention to retire Bing. At the press launch for an alternative pantomime of Sleeping Beauty (which he co-wrote with Capaldi), he said, "You can't write for just one character forever." A recording of his act as Bing Hitler was made at Glasgow's Tron Theatre and released in the 1980s; a Bing Hitler monologue ("A Lecture for Burns Night") appears on the compilation cassette Honey at the Core.

After enjoying success at the Edinburgh Festival, Ferguson appeared on television as 'Confidence' in Red Dwarf, on STV's Hogmanay Shows, and on the 1993 One Foot in the Grave Christmas special One Foot in the Algarve. In 1990, a pilot of The Craig Ferguson Show, a one-off comedy pilot for Granada Television, was broadcast, co-starring Paul Whitehouse and Helen Atkinson-Wood. In 1991, Channel 4 asked him to host Friday at the Dome, a 75-minute live music show. In 1992, he was given his own BBC Scotland show, 2000 Not Out. In 1993, he presented a six-part archaeology TV series, The Dirt Detective, for STV, and was given a six-part TV series on BBC One, The Ferguson Theory, a mix of stand-up and sketches recorded the day before transmission.

Ferguson also found success in musical theatre. Beginning in 1991, he appeared on stage as Brad Majors in the London production of The Rocky Horror Show. In 1994, he played Father MacLean in production of Bad Boy Johnny and the Prophets of Doom at the Union Chapel in London. That year he appeared again at the Edinburgh Fringe, as Oscar Madison in The Odd Couple.

After living and working in the US for many years, in 2017, it was announced that he would return to UK television for the first time in 25 years in a guest role in BBC Scotland's comedy Still Game, to be shown in 2018.

In 2022, an adaptation of Ferguson's film Saving Grace (2000) was announced as a stage musical aimed for a 2023 run in West End, in which Ferguson will portray a "villainous banker". It was adapted by April De Angelis from Ferguson's and Mark Crowdy's screenplay, with music by KT Tunstall.

US career

Ferguson moved to Los Angeles in November 1994, after his soon-to-be agent Rick Siegel had seen Ferguson during the Edinburgh Festival and suggested that he come to America. His first US role was as baker Logan McDonough on the short-lived 1995 ABC comedy Maybe This Time, which starred Betty White and Marie Osmond.

His breakthrough in the US came when he was cast on The Drew Carey Show as the title character's boss, Mr. Wick, a role he played from 1996 to 2003. He played the role with an over-the-top posh English accent, explaining it was "to make up for generations of English actors doing crap Scottish accents." In his comedy special "A Wee Bit o' Revolution", he specifically identified James Doohan's portrayal of Montgomery Scott on Star Trek as the foundation of his "revenge". (At the end of one episode, though, Ferguson broke the fourth wall and began talking to the audience at home in his regular Scottish accent.) His character was memorable for his unique methods of laying employees off, almost always "firing Johnson", the most common last name of the to-be-fired workers. Even after leaving the show in 2003, he remained a recurring character on the series for the last two seasons, and was part of the two-part series finale in 2004.

During the production of The Drew Carey Show, Ferguson devoted his off-time as a cast member to writing, working in his trailer on set in between shooting his scenes. He wrote and starred in three films: The Big Tease, Saving Grace, and I'll Be There; he also directed the latter, for which he won the Audience Award for Best Film at the Aspen, Dallas, and Valencia film festivals. He was named Best New Director at the Napa Valley Film Festival. These were among other scripts that, "in the great tradition of the movie business, about half a dozen that I got paid a fortune for but never got made."

His other acting credits in films include Niagara Motel, Lenny the Wonder Dog, Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, Chain of Fools, Born Romantic, The Ugly Truth, Kick-Ass, and, as a voice-over actor, How to Train Your Dragon, How to Train Your Dragon 2, Brave, and Winnie the Pooh.

Ferguson has been touring the United States and Canada with a comedy show since the late 2000s, including a performance at Carnegie Hall on 23 October 2010 and a performance at Radio City Music Hall on 6 October 2012. He has performed two stand-up television specials on Comedy Central, both released on DVD: A Wee Bit o' Revolution in 2009 and Does This Need to Be Said? in 2011. His third comedy special, I'm Here to Help, was released on Netflix in 2013, garnering positive reviews of 4 out of 5 stars on Netflix and peaking at number 6 on Billboard top comedy albums. It also received a 2014 Grammy Award nomination for Best Comedy Album.

Ferguson was awarded the Peter Ustinov Comedy Award by the Banff World Media Festival on 11 June 2013.

The Late Late Show

In December 2004, it was announced that Ferguson would succeed Craig Kilborn on CBS's The Late Late Show. His first show as the regular host aired on 3 January 2005. The show was unique in that it had no "human" sidekicks such as Ed McMahon on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson or Conan O'Brien's Andy Richter. He had a remotely operated robot skeleton named Geoff Peterson and two silent performers in a pantomime horse costume that were added in 2010. His monologues were conducted within a few feet of the camera versus the long distance Johnny Carson kept from the camera and audience.

The Late Late Show averaged 2.0 million viewers in its 2007 season, compared with 2.5 million for Late Night with Conan O'Brien. In April 2008, The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson beat Late Night with Conan O'Brien for weekly ratings (1.88 million to 1.77 million) for the first time since the two shows went head-to-head with their respective hosts.

In March 2009, Craig Ferguson topped Jimmy Fallon in the ratings with Ferguson getting a 1.8 rating and Fallon receiving a 1.6 rating. By 2014, Ferguson's ratings had faltered, trailing those of Late Night with Seth Meyers with an average of 1.35 million viewers versus 2.02 million.

On 28 April 2014, Ferguson announced he would leave The Late Late Show at the end of 2014, with the final episode airing on 19 December. His contract was set to expire in June 2014, but a six-month extension was agreed on to provide a more graceful exit and give CBS more time to find a replacement host. He reportedly received US$5 million as part of his contract because he was not selected as the replacement for David Letterman's Late Show. Ferguson made the decision prior to Letterman's announcement but agreed to delay making his own decision public until the reaction to Letterman's decision (announced 3 April) had died down. CBS Entertainment Chair Nina Tassler said, following the announcement, that in his decade as host Ferguson had "infused the broadcast with tremendous energy, unique comedy, insightful interviews and some of the most heartfelt monologues seen on television." CBS continued the franchise with James Corden as the new host.

Post–Late Late Show

In October 2013, it was announced that Ferguson would host the syndicated game show Celebrity Name Game, produced by Coquette Productions, beginning in late 2014. Ferguson's involvement in the project dates back to 2011, when it was originally pitched and piloted as a CBS primetime series. , the series had an initial order of 180 episodes. The syndicated series began airing on 22 September 2014. Ferguson won Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Game Show Host for Celebrity Name Game in 2015 and 2016. On 2 December 2016, it was announced that the series would end after three seasons.

Ferguson signed in 2015 to play Prentiss Porter in The King of 7B, a comedy pilot for ABC. The show was not picked up.

On 18 February 2016, Ferguson began to host a historical talk show on History titled Join or Die with Craig Ferguson. The title is a reference to a Benjamin Franklin political cartoon published in the Pennsylvania Gazette on 9 May 1754, which Ferguson had tattooed on his forearm after becoming an American citizen. Ferguson and a three-guest panel of comedians and historians conduct a humorous discussion of a different topic on each episode, such as the most doomed presidential campaign, greatest Founding Father and greatest invention, with viewers invited to share their opinions via Twitter.

Between January 2021 and April 2022, Ferguson hosted the American game show The Hustler, which aired on ABC. The show followed five contestants who collaborate to build up a cash prize by answering a series of trivia questions presented by Ferguson, while one of the contestants is secretly designated as the Hustler beforehand and given the answers to all the questions. By the end of the game, two of the honest contestants have been eliminated; the other two must correctly choose the Hustler in order to stop the Hustler from winning the entire prize. The series premiered on 4 January 2021, before moving to its regular timeslot on 7 January 2021, airing on Thursdays at 10 p.m. In April 2022, it was reported that the series was cancelled, having aired 19 episodes across two seasons.

Other television work

Craig Ferguson has made guest appearances on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Late Show with David Letterman, Late Night with Conan O'Brien, Rachael Ray, Countdown with Keith Olbermann, The Howard Stern Show, The Daily Show, The View, Loveline, Real Time with Bill Maher, The Soup, The Talk, The Price Is Right, Kevin Pollak's Chat Show, The Dennis Miller Show and The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. He also co-hosted Live with Regis & Kelly with Kelly Ripa and was guest host on the April Fools' Day episode of The Price Is Right in 2014.

In 2009, Ferguson made a cameo live-action appearance in the episode "We Love You, Conrad" on Family Guy. Ferguson hosted the 32nd annual People's Choice Awards on 10 January 2006. TV Guide magazine printed a "Cheers" (Cheers and Jeers section) for appearing on his own show that same evening. From 2007 to 2010, Ferguson hosted the Boston Pops Fireworks Spectacular on 4 July, broadcast nationally by CBS. Ferguson was the featured entertainer at 26 April 2008 White House Correspondents' Association dinner in Washington, DC.

Ferguson co-presented the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama with Brooke Shields in 2008. He has done voice work in cartoons, including being the voice of Barry's evil alter-ego in the "With Friends Like Steve's" episode of American Dad!; in Freakazoid! as Roddy MacStew, Freakazoid's mentor; and on Buzz Lightyear of Star Command as the robot vampire NOS-4-A2. He was the voice of Susan the boil on Futurama, which was a parody of Scottish singer Susan Boyle. He makes stand-up appearances in Las Vegas and New York City. He headlined in the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal and in October 2008 Ferguson taped his stand-up show in Boston for a Comedy Central special entitled A Wee Bit o' Revolution, which aired on 22 March 2009.

British television comedy drama Doc Martin was based on a character from Ferguson's film Saving Grace – with Ferguson getting writing credits for 12 episodes. On 6 November 2009, Ferguson appeared as himself in a SpongeBob SquarePants special titled SpongeBob's Truth or Square. He hosted Discovery Channel's 23rd season of Shark Week in 2010. Ferguson briefly appeared in Toby Keith's "Red Solo Cup" music video released on 10 October 2011.

In September 2013, Ferguson guest-starred on the season finale of Hot in Cleveland as a priest/tabloid journalist who turns out to be the father of Joy's (Jane Leeves) son. The show reunited him with former co-star and frequent Late Late Show guest Betty White. Ferguson reprised the role for several episodes when the show returned in March 2014.

In January 2023, Sony Pictures Television (SPT) announced a new, half-hour syndicated late night talk show with Craig Ferguson as host. Channel Surf with Craig Ferguson will be produced by Whisper North and will be distributed by SPT. A pilot for Channel Surf with Craig Ferguson was shot in the UK this month at Dock10 studios, and SPT will take the show out to potential buyers in Los Angeles.

Radio
On 27 February 2017, Ferguson launched The Craig Ferguson Show, a two-hour talk radio show on the Comedy Greats channel and Faction Talk on SiriusXM Satellite Radio. His last new show aired 11 May 2018.

Literature
Ferguson's novel Between the Bridge and the River was published on 10 April 2006. He appeared at the Los Angeles Festival of Books, as well as other author literary events. "This book could scare them", he said. "The sex, the violence, the dream sequences and the iconoclasm. I think a lot of people are uncomfortable with that. I understand that. It was very uncomfortable to write some of it." The novel is dedicated to his elder son, Milo, and to his grandfather, Adam. He revealed in an interview that he is writing a sequel to the book, to be titled The Sphynx of the Mississippi. He also stated in a 2006 interview with David Letterman that he intends the book to be the first in a trilogy. As of February 2019, Ferguson has produced no further novels, although he has published non-fiction.

Ferguson signed a deal with HarperCollins to publish his memoirs. The book, entitled American on Purpose: The Improbable Adventures of an Unlikely Patriot, focuses on "how and why [he] became an American" and covers his years as a punk rocker, dancer, bouncer and construction worker as well as the rise of his career in Hollywood as an actor and comic. It went on sale 22 September 2009 in the United States. On 1 December 2010 the audiobook version was nominated for a Best Spoken Word Album Grammy.

In July 2009, Jackie Collins was a guest on The Late Late Show to promote her new book Married Lovers. Collins said a character in her book, Don Verona, was based on Ferguson because she was such a fan of him and his show.

Ferguson wrote a short story for In Sunlight or in Shadow (2017, Pegasus Crime), an anthology edited by Lawrence Block and featuring works inspired by the paintings of Edward Hopper (1882–1967). Block is a favorite writer of Ferguson's and appeared multiple times on The Late Late Show. His third book, Riding the Elephant: A Memoir of Altercations, Humiliations, Hallucinations, and Observations which released 7 May 2019.

Personal life
He holds an FAA private pilot certificate, issued in 2009. Ferguson has been a vegan since 2013. A recovering alcoholic, he has been sober since 1992.

During his early career, Ferguson resided in St John's Wood, London.

Ferguson has been married three times and divorced twice. His first marriage was to Anne Hogarth from 1983 to 1986, during which time they lived in New York. His second marriage was to Sascha Corwin (founder and proprietor of Los Angeles' SpySchool), with whom he has one child, born in 2001. He and Corwin shared custody of their child, and lived near each other in the Hollywood Hills. Ferguson married art dealer Megan Wallace-Cunningham in a private ceremony on her family's farm in Chester, Vermont in 2008. They have a son together, who was born in 2011.

Ferguson wrote in his book American on Purpose that he and actress Helen Atkinson-Wood were in a romantic relationship that lasted five years. He acknowledges that she changed his life "beyond recognition" by improving his health and his career.

Ferguson has stated that his comedy influences include Monty Python, Marx Brothers, The Three Stooges, Laurel and Hardy and David Letterman.

Ferguson became an American citizen on 1 February 2008 and broadcast the taking of his citizenship test as well as his swearing in on The Late Late Show.

In 2011, Ferguson bought Bargany House.

Discography

 * Live at the Tron (as Bing Hitler). Jammy Records. 1986. Catalogue number JRLP 861.
 * Mental; Bing Hitler Is Dead? Polydor. 1988.
 * A Big Stoatir. Polydor. 1990.
 * I'm Here to Help. New Wave Dynamics. 2013.
 * Tickle Fight - 2018
 * Hobo Fabulous - 2020

title: Craig Ferguson


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Spanish royal sites

The Royal Sites (Reales Sitios) are a set of palaces, monasteries, and convents built for and under the patronage of the Spanish monarchy. They are administered by Patrimonio Nacional (National Heritage), a Spanish state agency; most are open to the public, at least in part, except when they are needed for state or official events.

Here is a list of the Patrimonio Nacional royal sites, with the provinces where they are located.

Royal palaces

 * Royal Palace of Madrid (Madrid) (official residence of the King)
 * Royal Seat of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Royal Castle & Monastery of El Escorial (Madrid)
 * Royal Palace of El Pardo (Madrid)
 * Palace of Zarzuela (Madrid) (de facto residence of the King and Royal Family, part of the larger El Pardo complex)
 * Royal Palace of Aranjuez (Madrid)
 * Royal House of the Farmer
 * Cottage of the Prince
 * Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso (Segovia)
 * Royal Palace of Riofrío (Segovia)
 * Royal Palace of La Almudaina (Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands)

Royal convents and monasteries

 * Convent of Las Descalzas Reales (Madrid)
 * Royal Convent of La Encarnación (Madrid)
 * Royal Convent of Santa Clara (Valladolid)
 * Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas (Burgos)
 * Valley of the Fallen (San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid)
 * Royal Chapel of St. Anthony of La Florida (Madrid)
 * Monastery of Yuste (Cuacos de Yuste, Cáceres)

Sanctuaries under royal patronage

 * Pantheon of Illustrious Men (Madrid)
 * Convent of San Pascual (Madrid)
 * Convent of Santa Isabel (Madrid)
 * Colegio de Doncellas Nobles (Toledo)

Other royal sites residences
These current or historical royal residences are well known but are not administered by Patrimonio Nacional:
 * Royal Alcázar of Seville under the care of Patronato del Real Alcázar de Sevilla.
 * Royal Alcázar of Segovia, administered by the Patronato del Alcázar de Segovia
 * Palace of Albéniz (the King's official residence in Catalonia) in the city of Barcelona, under the care of Generalitat of Catalonia.
 * Marivent Palace (the King's summer residence) in Palma de Mallorca, under the care of Government of the Balearic Islands.
 * Valladolid Royal Palace (Valladolid, Castile)
 * Royal Residence of La Mareta (Lanzarote, Canary Islands)
 * San Jeronimo el Real, Church/Monastery, Madrid

Former royal palaces

 * Alcázar of Segovia
 * Alhambra
 * Aljafería
 * Buen Retiro Palace
 * Castle Alcázar of Segorbe
 * Castle of Bellver
 * Castle of Burgos
 * Del Real Palace
 * Generalife
 * Palace of Charles V
 * Palacio de la Ribera
 * Palau Reial de Pedralbes
 * Palau Reial Major
 * Royal Alcazar of Madrid
 * Royal Palace of Olite
 * Palace of la Magdalena
 * Miramar Palace
 * Palace of Valsain
 * Royal Palace of Valladolid
 * Torre de la Parada

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Spanish royal sites


text: User talk:131.122.31.2

title: User talk:131.122.31.2


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Talk:Koenraad Elst

Right wing author
, This is supported by reliable sources in the article body. Why are you removing this from the lead? Please read WP:NOTCENSORED. And self revert yourself. --Walrus Ji (talk) 11:40, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * The article discusses that repetitiously, It is best to avoid heavy words like right winger and Hindutva author. We have done that on Romila Thapar and Wendy Doniger though enough sources are available addressing them as leftist and Marxist. So, it is best to discuss the nature of an author's work in the article rather than declaring them as some ist in the very first line. LearnIndology (talk) 12:11, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * , that is a flawed analogy. Only people associated with Hindutva refer to Romila Thapar and Wendy Doniger as leftist, not the mainstream. On the other hand Elst is called Right wing Hindutva by every Mainstream scholar and plenty have been listed as source. Wikipedia has to follow WP:MAINSTREAM and clarify the subject in the lead accordingly. Walrus Ji (talk) 12:18, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Ad infinitum; see talkpage history. Joshua Jonathan  - Let's talk!  15:14, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Lol!!!! Mainstream scholar?? You mean the liberal leftist cabal who show zero tolerance for truth if it is not palatable to their ideology. Wikipedia has become woke and you have the cheek to ask for donation in order to promote your crap 49.204.130.82 (talk) 05:32, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Well said. But you can no longer reason it out with this left wing woke Wikipedia 49.204.130.82 (talk) 05:33, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

Here are some quotes:

LearnIndology (talk) 15:47, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Quotes not relevant to this article Moved to User Talk, according to WP:TALKOFFTOPIC --Walrus Ji (talk) 16:15, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * [In response to those quotes] Could you please stick to the subject? We're discussing Koenraad Elst, a marginal indologist only known because of his support for Hindutva and fringe theories, not Romila Thapar, an accomplished scholar. This is not the place to rehash Hindutva talking points. Joshua Jonathan  - Let's talk!  16:02, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
 * This article begins with loaded words: "Hindutva ideology... Out of India theory.. universally.. pseudo-historical... mainstream scholarship...  accuse.. Islamophobia.".
 * That's before you know ANYTHING about him. The editors insist that this is fair and NPOV, but, as with lots of articles that relate to India, it tells you that this is the colonial WASP viewpoint. Believe it at your own risk.Sooku (talk) 07:10, 27 May 2024 (UTC)

"Who is a Hindu: Hindu revivalist views of Animism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and other offshoots of Hinduism" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Who is a Hindu: Hindu revivalist views of Animism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and other offshoots of Hinduism and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 October 27 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Iskandar323 (talk) 17:22, 27 October 2022 (UTC)

neutral policy on politics
The introduction was more of a negative statement, where as any political author would be first called, "american author" or "indian author" he was not even called a political thinker but a right wing individual and islamophobic. This is not a introduction but an allegation thus it needs to be corrected as per the policy of wikipedia, Ujjwaljha007 (talk) 07:25, 5 January 2023 (UTC)

 * @Ujjwaljha007 We aren't neutral in that sense. We try to reflect reliable mainstream sources. Thus our articles on Creationism make it clear that its wrong, our articles on Nazis aren't neutral towards them. See NPOV means neutral editing, not neutral content Doug Weller  talk 09:52, 5 January 2023 (UTC)
 * When the present mainstream is itself biased with leftist attitude with woke ideologies, then it could misrepresent the views of many Hindu authors and Hindu teachings itself. 108.39.84.90 (talk) 01:04, 15 February 2024 (UTC)

Introduction
Lacks any proper source for 'harbouring Islamophobia'. Even the affiliation to RSS is not credible. 2405:204:148D:59EF:0:0:1B2E:28B0 (talk) 11:22, 17 February 2023 (UTC)

 * There are more than sufficient references to this in The God Market: How Globalization is Making India More Hindu alone - by writer and historian Meera Nanda, published by the New York University Press. What is lacking here? Iskandar323 (talk) 12:42, 17 February 2023 (UTC)
 * I do not know about the RSS what I do know is that if you're going to write about current day organizations and authors it's best to separate their core beliefs and foundational values and the actions of that group and it's members. For example, inform people about the BJP and it's policies based on it's Manifesto and after that terms such as Islamaphobia and Hinduvta can be used to refer to the actions of that group or some individuals within it, unless of course their doctrines by that very nature is Islamaphobic. 108.39.84.90 (talk) 01:06, 15 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Koenraad Elst


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Talk:Pelham Islands

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Peer reviewers: Ccash.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 06:20, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
I find it hard to believe Rat Island ever had anything on it. It's just too small. Do you have any references to support that? —Preceding unsigned comment added by RoySmith (talk • contribs) 18:58, 7 December 2004
 * Hi!,

 * I do not know of any website that exists.

 * In her book, "Images Of America : City Island and Orchard Beach" the late Catherine Scott said there was a Typhoid Quarantine Hospital on Rat Island in the 1830's but it closed because of storm floods. Alice Payne is over on Reville Street and she might know cause she wrote "Tales of the Clamdiggers.

 * I was told in 1958 there used to be a Lighthouse there, but I do not know if it is true or not.
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Supercool Dude (talk • contribs) 21:10, 26 December 2004

I believe only David's Island and Goose Island are part of New Rochelle. At least, the New Rochelle zoning map doesn't show any of the others. I'm changing the article to that effect, if anyone learns otherwise please feel free to cite and correct. RossPatterson 18:44, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Davids' Island (not David's; it was named for one-time owner Thaddeus Davids) is indeed currently owned by New Rochelle. (Since the Army left in 1965 it has been a real estate football. New Rochelle has traded it several times.  Right now it is again the owner until the Corps of Engineers completes hazard abatement work, scheduled to be finished in 2013.  After that Westchester County intends to buy it for a public park.)  I'm not sure about Goose Island but I believe that is privately owned and that someone actually lives there in the house on stilts. Michael A Cavanaugh 18:57, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

Article is unreferenced // Should its name be changed?
This article is totally unreferenced. I am having difficulty finding any evidence that these islands actually are called the Pelham Islands. The only online source that uses that term seems to be this article! I wonder if the article name is valid. This New York City Parks & Recreation Dept. webpage looks like a good source for the article; it describes the islands as "islands of Pelham Bay," but it never calls them "Pelham Islands." This webpage republishes an 1889 article telling about the history of these islands, but it never gives a name for the island group. This page also looks like a good source for the article. --Orlady (talk) 20:15, 9 June 2008 (UTC)

 * There's virtually no material in this article which couldn't easily be merged into the articles about the individual islands, or into List of smaller islands in New York City. I would have no problem with doing that and then deleting this.  -- RoySmith (talk) 21:44, 9 June 2008 (UTC)

 * More simply, cut and paste the entire article into Pelham Bay. Certainly that name is not unusual for the area where the islands sit.  Jim.henderson (talk) 21:07, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

Improved article
This article was better and made worse for no real reason. The information is correct so please leave it. I live in the area and can verify this is correct. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.247.0.13 (talk) 08:31, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pelham Islands


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/John-Christian Sands Eirikssen

John-Christian Sands Eirikssen
Very wierd article. If taken at face value he fought in several major wars before he died at the age of 14. Can't find any google hits and article does not establish notability anyway. Dbiv 22:58, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Patent Nonsense. Deletehfool 23:15, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete I'm not sure what the word "cheeky" means, but I would still use it to describe this article. It needs to die by concussion.  I mean deletion.User:Phieferboy 23:26, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete no evidence of notability Wyss 23:27, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I am not familiar with these tests that can show one was drug-free throughout one's life. Delete. — [[User:Knowledge Seeker|Knowledge Seeker দ (talk)]] 00:27, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete, looks like nonsense to me. I doubt anyone under the age of 14 would be send to fight in Yugoslavia. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 08:39, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, no doubt, but I actually can see what it's talking about. Through the language and age filter, it amounts to this:  "A skinhead.  He was in a lot of fist fights with his best buddy.  The two of them got in fights in Yugoslavia.  Experienced "(race/religion) War."  Moved to Canada.  Died.  Died of a fall, a fight, or an OD, but he had a lot of drug tests."  Entirely inappropriate, but not really the gibberish that I would speedy, myself.  Geogre 14:16, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text:
Karl Ivan Westman

Karl Ivan Westman (August 5, 1889 – April 24, 1970) was a Swedish diplomat who served as Sweden's Ambassador to Switzerland in Bern between 1928 and 1938 and at the League of Nations, in connection with the Continuation War Sweden's ambassador to Helsinki March 1941 – October 1942, and after World War II Sweden's ambassador to Paris 1947–1956.

Westman had, as the highly intelligent man he was, done a fast career in Sweden's foreign ministry. His analyses of the host countries, and the power play at the League of Nations, were considered outstanding—a judgement that holds also in retrospect. The mission at the League of Nations was considered central to Sweden's foreign policy during the interbellum; and when appointed to Helsinki, that was at a moment when it was considered the most crucial of Sweden's embassies. For a diplomat, he was however also extraordinarily outspoken, often with a significant amount of sarcasm and unveiled criticism.

Karl Ivan Westman was the brother of Karl Gustaf Westman, Sweden's Justice Minister during World War II.

Finland and Operation Barbarossa
In his youth, Westman had been involved in the Nationalist Activism movement, which provided him both with relevant contacts and a good understanding for contemporary thinking in independent Finland. But he was also critical of its political development, from the bloody aftermath of the Civil War and forth, and particularly suspicious against the fennoman school of thoughts that dominated outside of the Finland-Swedish circles, and what he perceived as their strong anti-Nordic undercurrent.

His outspoken opposition against the host country's increasing cooperation with Nazi Germany, in the run up to and during the Continuation War, led to an unfortunate failure of his mission to Helsinki. His reports to Stockholm were factually correct, but he was unsuited to reestablish a Finnish feeling of trust for the Swedes after the trauma of the Winter War, and what in Finland was widely perceived as Sweden's betrayal; and in Helsinki the suspicion grew that his reports were in fact unfavorable. Most crucially, he never came on speaking terms with Finland's foreign minister Rolf Witting, despite their shared mother tongue. This contributed to the abortion of close intelligence cooperation between the two countries, and resulted among other things in a total failure for the Swedish attempts to improve the relations with the Third Reich be means of some kind of cooperation in Operation Barbarossa—executed as "support for Finland's heroic struggle against Bolshevism"—at the same time intending to ease Finland's emotional dependency on Germany.

Westman argued, not without some merit, that his views truly represented those of the Swedish government and civil service in general, and specifically the views of the cabinet. The realpolitik policies of Foreign Minister Günther were not as popular in the left-leaning majority of the Cabinet now, when a clash between Nazism and Communism was on the agenda, as it had been during the zenith of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. What he said in Helsinki, he was convinced, was totally in accordance with the views of influential Social Democrats as Östen Undén and Ernst Wigforss, and also with the generally neutralist Liberals and Agrarians.

After Finland's re-conquest of Vyborg, that had been a key castle of the Swedish Empire from 1293–1721, a general display of flags was proclaimed for August 30. In an unprecedented move, Sweden's embassy did not fly the flags, and soon Finland's Foreign Minister requested his removal. It would however last yet a year, and require the request of President Ryti, until Westman was recalled to Stockholm and replaced by a less controversial diplomat.

Westman felt the recall from Helsinki to be a humiliating reprimand, for which some kind of compensation was to be expected. When Westman's friend Östen Undén after the world war became Sweden's foreign minister, Westman was promptly given the prestigious position as State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and soon one of the most prestigious embassies, that in Paris.

Awards and decorations

 * Order_of_the_Polar_Star_-_Ribbon_bar,_pre_1975.svg Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star (6 June 1936)
 * Seraphimerorden_ribbon.svg King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1928)
 * Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau

title: Karl Ivan Westman


text:
Robert McCormick Adams Jr.

Robert McCormick Adams Jr. (July 23, 1926 – January 27, 2018) was an American anthropologist and secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (1984–94). He worked in both the Near East and Mesoamerica. A long time professor of the University of Chicago, he was best known for his research in Iraq.

Early life and education
Born in Chicago, Illinois, he attended Francis W. Parker School and graduated in 1943. He received his doctorate from the University of Chicago (1957), where he was also employed as a member of the faculty. He was Director of the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago (1962–68, 1981–83). He served as the provost of the University of Chicago (1982–84). He was an adjunct professor at the University of California, San Diego, at the time of his death.

Secretary of the Smithsonian
Adams served as the ninth secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., from 1984 to 1994. He was installed as Smithsonian Secretary on September 17, 1984, becoming the head of an Institution with thirteen museums, a National Zoo, and scientific and cultural research facilities in nine states and the Republic of Panama. As the successor to S. Dillon Ripley, Adams sought to prepare the Institution for the 21st century, focus on scholarship, increase public programs, and emphasize a broader representation and involvement of diverse ethnic and cultural communities in the Smithsonian and its programs. Adams oversaw construction of the Quadrangle, a building project that brought together two museums and many disparate offices into a single structure, but he also sounded the alarm to the US Congress about the state of the Institution's aging infrastructure and began the systematic renovation of existing facilities. These "bricks and mortar" projects included renovation of the Freer Gallery of Art, the construction of the Mathias Laboratory at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, and the Earl S. Tupper Research and Conference Center at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.

During Adams's tenure, the Smithsonian acquired the National Museum of the American Indian, and the National Postal Museum was established to showcase the National Philatelic Collection. The National Science Resources Center was created to improve the teaching of pre-college science and mathematics, and the International Center was established to explore ancient and evolving cultures and to serve as the Smithsonian's headquarters for Latin American scholarship, exhibitions, and programs. Adams formed the Smithsonian Cultural Education Committee to promote diversity across all aspects of Smithsonian operations. He also encouraged digitization projects, such as the National Air and Space Museum's videodisc technology for storage and retrieval of documents, photos, and other information. The "culture wars" arrived at the Smithsonian in 1991, with criticisms of The West as America, an exhibit at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. In 1994, Science in American Life, at the National Museum of American History, provoked outcries from the scientific community for its critical look at American science. And the first script for the Enola Gay exhibit in the National Air and Space Museum was completed shortly before Adams's departure.

Later life
Adams retired from the Smithsonian after ten years of service in 1994 and returned to academia as an adjunct professor at the University of California, San Diego. He received a Distinguished Service Award from the Society for American Archaeology in 1996 and continued his fieldwork and research in the archaeology and anthropology of the Middle East.

Scholarly research
Robert McCormick Adams has had a wide-ranging career spanning many fields. Geographically, his interests have involved extensive fieldwork in the Middle East, but have also included Mexico. With a broadly interdisciplinary approach, he has studied the course of development of urban civilizations over many millennia, and he has also dealt with the history of technology. Partly as an outgrowth of decades of experience in Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia, he has until recently been involved in studies of multiethnic violence under the joint sponsorship of the US National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Over the course of his career Adams has emphasized the importance of social interaction and cultural ecology in the evolution of civilizations. His research has explored how cultural ecology can help explain the rise of civilizations and how cultures affect each other.

Adams has proposed, based on his excavations in Mesopotamia, that there was no single condition behind the complex societies of ancient cities and states; they were a product of numerous interrelated conditions, especially social organization and craft specialization. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1957, a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1970, and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1974. In 1988, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. Adams received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2002 from the Archaeological Institute of America.

Works

 * Land Behind Baghdad: A History of Settlement on the Diyala Plains'' (1965)
 * AND TRADITION IN NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY'' (1966)
 * Evolution of Urban Society: Early Mesopotamia and Prehispanic Mexico'' (1966)
 * M. Davis, a Tribute'' (1971)
 * Uruk countryside: The natural setting of urban societies'' (1972)
 * OF URBANIZATION IN EARLY SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIA'' (1973)
 * PICTURE, ANTHROPOLOGICAL FRAME [DISTINGUISHED LECTURE - 1976]'' (1977)
 * of Cities:Surveys of Ancient Settlement and Land Use on the Central Floodplain of the Euphrates'' (1981)
 * Institute 1982-83 Annual Report (University of Chicago)'' (1983)
 * Ethics, and Food: Papers and Proceedings of a Colloquium Organized by the Smithsonian Institution (Smithsonian International Symposia Series)'' (1988)
 * YEAR 1992'' (1993)
 * February 1993'' (1993)
 * of Fire: An anthropologist's inquiry into Western technology'' (1996)
 * The Family in America: Searching for Social Harmony in the Industrial Age (2003)

title: Robert McCormick Adams Jr.


text:
Talk:Amjad Farooqi

Untitled
The page says nothing of how Farooqi died.

this page has extremely valuable information and doesnt need more expansion.was musharaff really going to be assasinated?i dont think so.i think it was all stage managed to show that the government of pakistan and militants are against each other,contrary to the fact that they both go hand in glove.--Jayanthv86 09:02, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Amjad Farooqi


text:
Westman

Westman may refer to:

 * Westman Region, Manitoba, Canada
 * Westman Islands, an archipelago off the south coast of Iceland
 * Celts in Ireland were called Westmen in Old Norse

People with the surname

 * Alf Westman (1921–1998), Swedish hurdler, 1948 Summer Olympian
 * Axel Westman (1894-1960), Swedish physician and university professor
 * Benjamin Westman (born 1976), American-Swedish football manager
 * Carl Westman (1866–1936), Swedish architect and interior designer
 * Cody Westman (born 1978), Canadian filmmaker/musician
 * Edvard Westman (1865–1917), Swedish painter
 * Elisabeth Westman (born 1966), Swedish road cyclist
 * Emil Westman (1894-1935), Swedish-Danish artist
 * Erika Westman (born 1971), Swedish curler
 * Frida Westman (born 2001), Swedish ski jumper
 * Gunnar Westman (1915-1985), Danish sculptor
 * Gucci Westman (born 1971), American makeup artist, cosmetic designer
 * Hans Westman (1905–1991), Swedish architect
 * Henrik Westman (1940–2019), Swedish politician
 * James Westman (born 1972), Canadian baritone singer
 * Johanna Westman (born 1969), Swedish children's book author and television host
 * Jonas Westman (1909–1983), Swedish skier, 1936 Winter Olympian
 * Karl Gustaf Westman (1876–1944), Swedish politician
 * Karl Ivan Westman (1889–1970), Swedish diplomat
 * Lars Westman (writer) (1934–2021), Swedish journalist
 * Lars Westman (born 1938), Swedish film maker and cartoonist
 * Magnus Westman (born 1966), Swedish ski jumper, 1992 and 1992 Winter Olympian
 * Nydia Westman (1902–1970), American actress and singer
 * Richard A. Westman (born 1959), American politician
 * Roger Westman (1939-2020), English architect
 * Rolf Westman (1927-2017), Finnish professor
 * Tom Westman (born 1964), American reality TV personality
 * Torsten Westman (1920-2012), Swedish architect

title: Westman


text:
Adam Afzelius

Adam Afzelius (8 October 1750 – 20 January 1837) was a Swedish botanist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Afzelius was born at Larv in Västergötland in 1750. He was appointed teacher of oriental languages at Uppsala University in 1777, and in 1785 demonstrator of botany. In 1793 he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1800, Adam Afzelius became member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.

Between 1792 and 1796, as part of the Sierra Leone Company, he made two journeys to West Africa, where he reported on the geography, climate and natural resources of the region. While there, he also collected botanical specimens that were later acquired by Uppsala University.

In 1797–98, he acted as secretary of the Swedish embassy in London and on 19 April 1798, he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society. Returning to Sweden, he again took up his position as botanices demonstrator at Uppsala, and was in 1802 elected president of the "Zoophytolithic Society" (later called the Linnaean Institute). In 1812 he became professor of materia medica at the university. He died in Uppsala in 1837. In addition to various botanical writings, he published the autobiography of Carl Linnaeus in 1823.

His brother, Johan Afzelius (1753–1837), was professor of chemistry at Uppsala; and another brother, Pehr von Afzelius (1760–1843; the "von" was added when he was ennobled), who became a professor of medicine at Uppsala in 1801, was distinguished as a medical teacher and practitioner.

The botanical genus Afzelia (subfamily Caesalpinioideae) commemorates his name, and in 1857, the plant species Anubias afzelii was named after him by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott.

Works

 * De vegetabilibus svecanis observationes et experimenta, 1785.
 * "The botanical history of Trifolium alpestre, medium, and pretense", London: Benjamin White and Son, 1791.
 * "Observations on the genus Pausus, and description of a new species", London: Benjamin White and Son, 1798.
 * Genera Plantarum Guineensium, 1804.
 * Remedia guineensia quorum collectionem quintam, 1813–17 (one of many authors).
 * Stirpium in Guinea medicinalium species novæ, 1818.
 * Reliquiae Afzelianae : sistentes icones fungorum quos in Guinea collegit et in aere incisas excudi; curavit Adamus Afzelius. interpretatur Elias Magnus Fries (1860).
 * "Adam Afzelius Sierra Leone Journal 1795–1796" (translated into English, 1967; Alexander Peter Kup; Carl Gösta Widstrand).

title: Adam Afzelius


text:
Günther

Günther, Guenther, Ginther, Gunther, and the variants Günter, Guenter, Guenther, Ginter, and Gunter, are Germanic names derived from Gunthere, Gunthari, composed of *gunþiz "battle" (Old Norse gunnr) and heri, hari "army". Gunder and Gunnar are the North Germanic equivalents in Scandinavia.

The name may refer to:

People

 * Günther (given name)
 * Günther (singer), the stage persona of Swedish musician Mats Söderlund
 * Gunther (wrestler), professional wrestler signed to the WWE
 * Günther (surname)

Places

 * Gunther Island, in Humboldt Bay, California
 * Guenther, Wisconsin, a town in Marathon County

Ships

 * SS Günther, a number of ships with this name

Fictional characters

 * Gunther, a character in the television show Friends
 * Gunther, mayor of the city of Motril in the video game Grand Theft Auto V
 * Gunther, a character in Kick Buttowski: Suburban Daredevil
 * Günther Bachmann, a character in the film A Most Wanted Man
 * Gunther Berger, a character in the Luann comic strip
 * Gunther Breech, a character in the Canadian animated TV show Jane and the Dragon
 * Bernie Gunther, the protagonist of Philip Kerr's Berlin Noir novels
 * Welkin Gunther, a character in the video game Valkyria Chronicles
 * Gunther Hermann, a character in the video game Deus Ex
 * Gunther Hessenheffer, a character from Disney's TV series Shake It Up
 * Gunther Thurl, a fictional character in the webcomic Schlock Mercenary
 * Gunther Toody, a fictional character in the television show Car 54, Where Are You? (and the film based thereon)
 * Gunther, a disguise used by Count Olaf in A Series of Unfortunate Events

Other uses

 * Gunther Brewing Company, defunct American brewery, which originated as George Gunther, Jr. Brewing Company

title: Günther


text:
Karl Gustaf Westman

Karl Gustaf Westman (18 August 1876 – 24 January 1944) was a Swedish historian and political leader.

Biography
Westman attended Uppsala University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1897, Licentiate of Philosophy in 1904 and a Ph.D. 1905. He was professor of the History of Law in the faculty of law at Uppsala University (1910–1941).

In political office, he represented the Agrarian Bondeförbundet, which was established in 1913. He was minister of education and ecclesiastical affairs (1914–1917). He served as foreign minister (1936), and justice minister (1936–1943). Although not the chairman of his party, Westman was without doubt his party's most influential cabinet member.

As a justice minister, and as one of the cabinet members with a say in matters of foreign policy during World War II, Westman has been criticized for what some observers have perceived as exaggerated adaptation to Nazi Germany's expected victory in the war, and for a limited respect for the freedom of the press to criticize foreign powers.

Personal life
Karl Gustaf Westman was the son of the postmaster Carl Johan Westman and Tonny (Andersson) Westman. He was the brother of the diplomat Karl Ivan Westman. He was married in 1935 to Margit Printz. Children: Ingun Margareta (born 1936), Sighild  Margareta (born 1937) and Karl Joar (born 1939). Westman was buried on 2 February 1944 at Gamla kyrkogården  in Uppsala.

In popular culture
In the Swedish television movie Four days that shook Sweden - The Midsummer Crisis 1941, from 1988, he is played by Swedish actor Allan Svensson.

title: Karl Gustaf Westman


text:
Stanley Adams

Stanley Adams may refer to:

 * Stanley Adams (singer) (1907–1994), American singer and lyricist
 * Stanley Adams (actor) (1915–1977), American actor and screenwriter
 * Stanley T. Adams (1922–1999), American Army officer, recipient of the Medal of Honor during the Korean War
 * Stanley Adams (whistleblower) (born c. 1927), Swiss pharmaceutical company executive and corporate whistleblower
 * Stan Adams (born 1960), American football player

title: Stanley Adams


text:
Auckland teal

The Auckland teal (Anas aucklandica) (Tētē kākāriki), also known as Auckland Islands teal, is a species of dabbling duck of the genus Anas that is endemic to Auckland Islands south of New Zealand. The species was once found throughout the Auckland Islands but is now restricted to the islands that lack introduced predators: Adams Island, Enderby Island, Disappointment Island and a few smaller islands. An old report of "the same flightless duck" on North East Island, The Snares group most likely refers to a straggler.

The Auckland teal is smaller and rarer than the brown teal of the main islands of New Zealand, a species with which it was once considered conspecific. The plumage is all over brown with a hint of green on the neck and a conspicuous white eyering. The female is slightly darker than the male. The wings are very small and the species has, like the related Campbell teal, lost the power of flight.

The Auckland teal is mostly crepuscular to nocturnal, preferring to hide from predators (New Zealand falcons and skuas) during the day. The species inhabits a variety of habitats with the islands, including tussock fields, mega herb shrubland and coastal waters. It is carnivorous for the most part, feeding on marine invertebrates, insects, amphipods and other small Invertebrates. Auckland teal are territorial and seldom form flocks.

title: Auckland teal


text:
Whitman Mayo

Whitman Blount Mayo Jr. (November 15, 1930 – May 22, 2001) was an American actor, best known for his role as Grady Wilson on the 1970s television sitcom Sanford and Son.

Early years
Whitman Blount Mayo, Jr. was born in New York City. He was raised in Harlem and later Queens. At the age of 17, he moved with his family to Southern California.

Mayo enlisted in the U.S. Army, serving from 1951 to 1953 during the Korean War.

Upon discharge, he studied at Chaffey College, Los Angeles City College, and UCLA.

Career
While attending college, Mayo began acting in small parts. He held many jobs to support himself and his family, including waiting tables, working in vineyards and as a probation officer. He also spent seven years as a counselor to delinquent boys.

In the early 1970s, while working for the New Lafayette Theatre, Norman Lear offered Mayo a role as Grady Wilson on Sanford and Son. The character's name was based on Demond Wilson, the actor who played Lamont Sanford and whose real first name is Grady. During a period where Redd Foxx did not appear on the show due to a contract dispute, Grady moved into the Sanford house and effectively starred in the show for six episodes. Mayo later starred in Grady, an unsuccessful spin-off in which his character moved in with his daughter and her husband in Beverly Hills. After its cancellation in 1976, Mayo's Grady character returned to Sanford and Son. Mayo reprised the role in the unsuccessful 1977 NBC-TV spinoff series Sanford Arms with actor Theodore Wilson, and for two episodes of Sanford, another spinoff of Sanford and Son, this time with Redd Foxx and actor Dennis Burkley, in 1981.

Also in the late 1970s, Mayo appeared on the Los Angeles children's television program That's Cat, offering sage advice in a sweet manner to the main character Alice. In 1990, he appeared in an episode of In the Heat of the Night titled "Hello in There". In 1991, he appeared in an episode of Full House titled "The Volunteer"; he played an old man named Eddie Johnson with Alzheimer's. In 1996, Late Night with Conan O'Brien spent several weeks trying to have Mayo appear on the show. Conan even went as far to set up the "Grady Hotline", a 1–800 number where viewers could call in with any Grady "sightings". The show also aired a mock episode of Unsolved Mysteries. On February 8, 1996, Mayo appeared on Late Night to much fanfare. In 1997, he guest-starred in the Nickelodeon sitcom Kenan and Kel, playing Kenan and Kyra's rude, impatient Uncle Raymond.

Mayo also played a role in The Cape as Sweets, the owner of Moonshot Bar and Grill. Mayo made several film appearances, including The Main Event with Barbra Streisand, D.C. Cab, Boyz n the Hood, and Waterproof with Burt Reynolds. Mayo also appeared as Reverend Banyon on the BET TV Movie Boycott in 2001 and in an episode of Martin. He hosted Liars and Legends on Turner South. He also made appearances in Sesame Street. Mayo taught drama at Clark Atlanta University. He opened a travel agency in Inglewood, California. Mr. Mayo was a member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity.

Personal life and death
Mayo married Melva Washington, the daughter of Clarence and Lena Washington, in Los Angeles in 1956.

He resided in Atlanta's Collier Heights community since 1994 with Gail Mayo, his third wife.

Mayo died of a heart attack on May 22, 2001, at Atlanta's Grady Memorial Hospital. His son Rahn Mayo became a member of the Georgia House of Representatives in 2009.

Filmography

 * The Black Klansman (1966) – Alex
 * Sanford and Son (1972–77) – Grady Wilson
 * Grady (1975–76) – Grady Wilson
 * That's Cat (1976) – Grandpa
 * Baretta (1976) – Joey Rich
 * Sesame Street (1976–1977)
 * Sanford Arms (1977) – Grady Wilson
 * Starsky and Hutch (1978) – Jeeter
 * Vega$ (1978) – Lick Smith
 * The Main Event (1979) – Percy
 * Diff'rent Strokes (1979) - Jethro Simpson
 * Lou Grant (1981) – Fred Jenkins
 * Sanford (1981) – Grady Wilson
 * Of Mice and Men (1981 made-for-TV movie) – Crooks
 * Mr. Merlin (1982, episode "Arivaderci Dink") – Dink
 * The Best of Times (1983) – Howling' Joe
 * Trapper John, M.D. (1983–1985) – Lewis B. Larkin / D.L. Browne
 * Hill Street Blues (1983)
 * D.C. Cab (1983) – Mr. Rhythm
 * Hell Town (1985) – One Ball
 * In the Heat of the Night (1990) – Winston Tyler
 * 227 (1986–1990) – Henry Hurley
 * Amen (1991) – Swifty
 * Boyz n the Hood (1991) – The Old Man
 * Full House (1991) – Eddie Johnson
 * A Different World (1992) – Shop Owner (uncredited)
 * The Seventh Coin (1993) – Coin Shop Owner
 * Martin (1995) – Mr. Mackey
 * Family Matters (1995) – Fletcher Thomas
 * The Cape (1996) – Sweets (owner of the Moonshot Bar & Grill) / Sweets
 * Kenan & Kel (1997) – Uncle Raymond
 * ER (1999) – Jesse Morgan
 * Waterproof (2000) – Sugar
 * Boycott (2001) – Reverend Banyon (final film role)
 * Beah: A Black Woman Speaks (2003, documentary) – Himself

title: Whitman Mayo


text:
Hermann Prey

Hermann Prey ( Berlin, 11 July 1929 – Krailling, 22 July 1998) was a German lyric baritone, who was equally at home in the Lied, operatic and concert repertoires. His American debut was in November 1952, with the Philadelphia Orchestra and Eugene Ormandy, and his American recital debut took place in 1956, at New York's Carnegie Hall. As a Lieder singer, he was a gifted interpreter of Schubert, including his song-cycles Die schöne Müllerin and Die Winterreise and the collection of songs Schwanengesang, as well as of Robert Schumann, Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler. He also appeared frequently as a soloist in Bach's Passions and Brahms' A German Requiem.

Early life and education
Hermann Prey was born in Berlin and grew up in Germany. He was scheduled to be drafted when World War II ended. He studied voice at the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin and won the prize of the Frankfurt contest of the Hessischer Rundfunk in 1952.

Repertoire and notable roles
He began to sing in song recitals and made his operatic debut the next year with the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden in Bad Salzschlirf (Moruccio in Eugen d'Albert's Tiefland). He joined Hamburg State Opera's resident company, where he sang until 1960. During his last years in Hamburg, he also made frequent guest appearances elsewhere, including the Salzburg Festival.

He sang frequently at the Metropolitan Opera between 1960 and 1970 (and as late as the early 1990s), and made his Bayreuth debut in 1965 as Wolfram (Tannhäuser), returning there 1966–67, 1981–84 and 1986. Although he often sang Verdi early in his career, he later concentrated more on Mozart and Richard Strauss. Prey was well known for playing Figaro (Mozart and Rossini), but he played other Mozart roles at least equally often, particularly Papageno and Guglielmo. He also played, and recorded, the Count in The Marriage of Figaro, and occasionally performed as Don Giovanni. He is regarded by some as the best Eisenstein (from Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss II) ever.

He was at home with comic opera Italian-style, displaying scenic intelligence, liveliness and hilarity. His virtuoso agility and great comic acting made him an obvious choice for numerous productions of Mozart's and Rossini's operas in the 1970s. In 1972 he performed as Figaro in Jean-Pierre Ponnelle's television film of Rossini's Il Barbiere di Siviglia with Teresa Berganza as Rosina, Luigi Alva as Almaviva and conductor Claudio Abbado. He appeared alongside Fritz Wunderlich and Hans Hotter in the live televised version of Il Barbiere di Siviglia in its German translation, Der Barbier von Sevilla. He also portrayed Figaro in 1976 in Ponnelle's film of Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro. In 1976, Hermann Prey organised the first Schubertiade Vorarlberg in Hohenems, Vorarlberg. A Schubertiade is an event dedicated to the life and works of the Austrian composer Franz Schubert. On May 8, 1976, the first Schubertiade Vorarlberg evening begins with a recital by Hermann Prey, with Leonard Hokanson on the piano.

Prey also sang operetta and performed on German television, becoming extremely popular with television audiences. He shared media-celebrity with Fritz Wunderlich until the latter's early death, often playing Papageno to Wunderlich's Tamino. Unlike Fischer-Dieskau, Prey limited his Wagner to the soft, high-baritone roles Wolfram and Beckmesser. He can be seen on video in the latter role, opposite Bernd Weikl.

In 1988, he directed a production of The Marriage of Figaro in Salzburg.

Voice
Prey possessed a clear, polished tone—darker and deeper-sounding than his slightly older contemporary Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, but equally refined and equally capable of soaring into the tenor range without the smallest suggestion of vocal effort.

Recordings
He recorded a multi-volume set for Phillips, tracing the history of the Lied from the Minnesänger to the twentieth century. In addition, he released numerous recordings of opera and song.

As a teacher and writer
Starting in 1982, he taught at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg, and he wrote an autobiography which was translated as First Night Fever: The Memoirs of Hermann Prey (ISBN 0-7145-3998-8).

Collaborative Pianists
Pianists who collaborated with Hermann Prey in recitals and/or recordings of Lied repertoire include Karl Engel, Gerald Moore, Wolfgang Sawallisch, Leonard Hokanson, Helmut Deutsch, Friedrich Gulda, Jörg Demus, Walter Klien and Michael Endres. Florian Uhlig played for one of his last recordings of September 1997 at Herbstliche Musiktage Bad Urach.

Death
He died in Krailling, Bavaria, of a heart attack on July 22, 1998, at the age of 69.

Family
His son Florian is also a baritone.

Videography

 * The Metropolitan Opera Gala 1991, Deutsche Grammophon DVD, 00440-073-4582

title: Hermann Prey


text:
Social security in Sweden

Social security in Sweden is an aspect of the Swedish welfare system and consists of various social insurances handled by the National Agency for Social Insurance (Försäkringskassan), and welfare provided based on need by local municipalities. Social security is the main conduit for redistribution of approximately 20% of the Swedish GDP mainly in the form of income taxes, Payroll taxes and Value added taxes.

Family policy
Family policy for Swedish social security has undertaken a series of reforms. Initially, the policy aimed to encourage Swedish youth to marry and build families. The whole family policy consists of three parts: parental benefits, child allowance and public daycare.

Parental benefit
Families receive up to a maximum of 480 days (16 months) paid parental leave, föräldrapenning, with an optional additional three months unpaid leave, and ten days of leave after the birth of a child for fathers. Regulations require each parent to take at least two months leave, but in reality, some fathers do not take leave at all. In this case the policy is implemented on a "use it or lose it" basis and the parental leave time will drop from 16 months to 14 months if unused by one parent. The leave can be used intermittently and for parts of days, but must be expended before the child is eight years of age. Parents are paid an approximate 80% of their pay for the first 390 days, and in the remaining 90 days, receive a flat rate of SEK 180 per day. The rate for unemployed parents is SEK 180 per day for the entirety of their parental leave.

Parents receive up to a maximum of 120 days (four months) of leave to take care of sick children every year, in addition to a childcare allowance, vårdbidrag, to enable parents to stay at home and care for children with long-term illnesses.

Parental leave in Sweden is job-protected, meaning parents who take the leave have the right to return to the same employer and into the same or an adequate similar position.

Apart from paid leave, parents also receive a whole or partial reimbursement for hospital care, treatment and transportation related to childbirth.

Child allowance
The child allowance in Sweden started from the General Child Allowance in 1948. Parents in Sweden receive cash benefits to ease the burden of raising children who are under 16 years old, barnbidrag. Generally, Swedish parents receive a flat rate child allowance of SEK 1050 per month for one child, which is tax-exempt. If the family have more than one child qualifying for the child allowance, the family receive SEK 1050 more per child with additional "large family supplement" or flerbarnstillägg. For example, a family with four children under sixteen years of age will receive SEK 4200 child allowance and SEK 1614 large family supplement per month, totaling SEK 5814 per month. This child allowance is financed by the central government's budget and parents do not need to apply for the allowance; it is paid automatically.

Apart from the child allowance, there are other allowances available for families with children. Families with children that pay over SEK 1400 for housing per month will receive a state-rent housing allowance, the level of which is determined by the number of children, the income of the family and the size and rent of the housing. But the income ceiling is set rather high, so that even a family with income well above average is entitled to receive house allowance.

For families with disabled children, they will also receive allowance for car, care and hiring personal assistants.

Public day care
Public day care in Sweden are for children under seven years old. The daycare centers are run by local municipalities under the guidance of central government. Most municipal preschools are open ten to twelve hours a day to take care of children whose parents work full-time; there are also nighttime daycare centers for parents who work at night. "After the parents apply for placement at a preschool in the municipality where they live, the child is offered a vacancy based on that municipality's queue and admission rules." The reform in 2007 made daycare more affordable; EU/EEA citizens only need to pay a reduced fee for a full-time preschool.

Apart from public daycare, there are also cooperatives run by parents, private child care facilities and family daycare; minders are hired by local municipalities to take care of children in their house. However, public daycare is absolutely the majority. During 1965–1980, the number of child care facilities increased tenfold. Today, over three-quarters of children aged one to five go to publicly supported daycare centers.

Housing allowance
Families with children and people below 29 years of age may be eligible to receive a housing allowance, bostadsbidrag. The amount depends on income, the size of the family, housing costs and house size. At most it is 1,300 SEK.

Benefits for ill and disabled
Working people are entitled to sick pay when ill. The first 14 days (except the first day off) are paid by the employer, the rest by Försäkringskassan. If an employee's ability to work is permanently reduced, disability payments may be made.

If an employee needs time-consuming assistance in everyday life to be able to work or study due to illness or disability, disability allowance or handikappersättning can be obtained. If a person has a substantial and permanent disability and needs assistance with mealtimes, washing, clothing and communicating with others, an allowance, assistansersättning, can be provided to pay for an assistant. If a person has great difficulties in getting about on their own, or in using public transport due to a permanent disability, they can obtain an allowance to purchase a car, make alterations to a car, and to get a driving licence.

Support for the elderly
If an employee has worked in Sweden and earned a taxable work income, they will be entitled to Swedish old age pension, at the earliest age of 61 years. The levels depend on income and how long the employee has worked. There is also a guarantee pension which one is entitled to if they have lived for at least three years in Sweden if they have had no or low income. The elderly can also receive housing supplements or maintenance support. The levels of these depend on one's needs.

Welfare
If a person has no or low income, they can apply for welfare from the local municipality. The municipality will evaluate their economic situation to determine if they should receive welfare or not. The welfare should be enough to cover things like housing, food, clothing and telephone.

title: Social security in Sweden


text:
Yumi Yoshimura

Yumi Yoshimura (吉村 由美) is a Japanese singer, best known as a member of the pop duo PUFFY, along with Ami Onuki.

Early life and career
She was born in Neyagawa, Osaka, in 1975. She learned that there was a talent search underway in Tokyo. She successfully tried out and was paired with Ami Onuki to form the group PUFFY.

Personal life
From 1999 to 2002 she was married to singer Takanori Nishikawa (better known by his music alias T.M. Revolution). After the Japanese media accused Yoshimura of having an affair, Nishikawa filed for divorce. Yoshimura remarried a long-time friend and businessman on December 31, 2009. On August 1, 2012, Yoshimura gave birth to a baby boy. However, she and the unnamed businessman divorced on December 31, 2013, their fourth anniversary.

Between February and April 2003 she lived in Los Angeles, California and went to school to learn the English language. Yumi speaks Japanese, some English, some Spanish and a little French. She also speaks some Hungarian and Portuguese at the beginning of Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi.

She has hosted the hit talk show Pa-Pa-Pa-Pa-Puffy alongside Ami Onuki in Japan, which aired from 1999 to 2002.

On November 19, 2004, PUFFY's show Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi began airing on Cartoon Network in the United States. She is voiced by Grey DeLisle in her animated form and she herself appears in the show's live action segments.

She starred as Dendou-Jitensha in the 2002 film Mohou-han (Copycat Killer). She also starred as Ryoko Tajima in the 2004 film Inu to arukeba: Chirori to Tamura (Walking the Dog) and as Nozomi Akai in the horror film The Neighbor No. 13 (Rinjin 13-gô), which was released in 2005.

Instruments
Yumi can play:
 * Guitar
 * Harmonica (Kore ga Watashi no Ikiru Michi)
 * Piano (2001:a halfway of space odyssey - Watashi no Nozomi)
 * Timpani (Jet Tour '98 - Ai no Shirushi)
 * Saxophone (Cosmic*Wonder)

Solo songs
Yumi has also sung several solo songs:

AmiYumi

 * Nagaiki Shitene (I Want You to Live a Long Time)

Solo Solo

 * Tennen no Beauty (Natural Beauty)
 * Kyouki na Futari (Perfect Couple)
 * Hanabi (Fireworks)
 * V-A-C-A-T-I-O-N
 * Sorenarini (Hold Out As Long As You Can)
 * Ai no Aura (Aura of Love)
 * Watashi no Nozomi (My Hope)

Jet-CD

 * Tetsugaku (Philosophy)

The Hit Parade

 * Hi-Teen Boogie (Late-Teens Boogie)

Fever*Fever

 * Nannari to Naru Deshou (Anything can become a habit)

Spike

 * This is the Song of Sweet Sweet Season When Cherry Garcia Blossoms Bloom

Splurge

 * Rakuda no Kuni (Camel Country, Cameland)

Solo single
On 2 July 1997, each member of PUFFY released their own solo single before their original solo album, Solo Solo was released on the 6 August 1997.

Track listing

 * 1) V-A-C-A-T-I-O-N
 * 2) Kyouki na Futari (Perfect Couple)
 * 3) V-A-C-A-T-I-O-N (Original Karaoke)
 * 4) Kyouki na Futari (Original Karaoke)

title: Yumi Yoshimura


text:
User talk:Eseer Erre

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hey there, and welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy your stay here--Wikipedia is a big place, and I'm sure you'll find plenty of articles and discussions that interest you. You might consider viewing the benefits you now have since you've created an account on Wikipedia. You may also wish to examine the help page or the Tutorial if you would like to learn more about contributing to the encyclopedia in general. If you'd like to work on articles along with a group of other people, try taking a look at the Collaboration of the week or one of its many sub-collaborations. Some pages that you may want to visit or use as references include User page, How to edit a page, Manual of Style, and Policies and guidelines. If you so desire, you can always drop me a line at my talk page or post a question via the Village pump.

Happy editing! --pie4all88

P.S. You can sign your name as I did using three tildes, like. If you use four instead of three, you can add a timestamp too.

Tildes
No problem, man! I noticed that you talk page was a little on the empty side, so I decided to give you a nice warm welcome. Glad to hear that you learned something from it! Happy editing! --pie4all88 06:07, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eseer Erre


text:
Daniel de Bourg

Daniel de Bourg (born 13 April 1976; ; ) is a British singer, songwriter, and actor.

Early life and influences
Originally from Chelmsford, Essex, England. By the time de Bourg was eleven, he was offered a full scholarship to study at the Royal Ballet School after being spotted by talent scouts, and graduating at the top of his class with his final solo performance. Although dance was his primary interest, as a teen he was also fronting bands. He left school when given the opportunity to dance for the Rambert Dance Company, performing as a featured dancer all over the world. It was at the suggestion of a friend that heard him singing that de Bourg found himself in the position for a career in music.

Music career
Influenced by artists such as Prince and Stevie Wonder, de Bourg did not take to a singing career straight away. Dedicated to dance, de Bourg's early interest in singing was rediscovered after a knee injury caused some time out from his dance career. de Bourg turned his hand to songwriting; recorded by singer Jamelia in 2000, his song "Money" reached number 5 on the UK Singles Chart. Remembering de Bourg's musical talents, he was encouraged by a friend to create several demos of his own singing. These attracted the interest of DreamWorks scout Robbie Robertson. de Bourg was introduced to then in-house producers Tim & Bob and subsequently signed to the label and the duo produced his debut album, Tell the World. The high-production album, released in 2002, launched the single "I Need an Angel", which hit number 30 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.

In 2008, UK artist DJ Ironik presented de Bourg on his album, No Point in Wasting Tears.

In 2010, The DDB Mixtape Vol. 1: The Prelude, a mixture of de Bourg's most popular covers and original material, received a nomination for 'Best R&B Mixtape 2010' and went on to win the award at The Official Mixtape Awards in early 2011. He went on to win the same accolade another two years in a row with 'The DDB Mixtape Vol. 2 : The Bridge' in 2011 and 'Outro' in 2012.

In 2013, Daniel released his album, London Bread. featuring production from Drake and Lil Wayne hit maker, Boi-1da. The album hit the top 20 on iTunes in 21 countries in its first week of release.

His YouTube channel, that envelops a mix of his cover songs has grown to over 260,000 subscribers and close to 50 million views.

Acting career
In 2015, de Bourg signed with a TV, film and stage agent in London, and was cast in the Broadway transfer of Disney's Aladdin that opens at the Prince Edward Theatre in the West End in London, in 2016. He went on to play the principle role of Kassim from 2017 - 2019.

In 2020 de Bourg was cast in the original cast in the West End of Pretty Woman the Musical at The Piccadilly Theatre covering both the leading role as Edward and the supporting lead role as Stucky.

Daniel then moved into screen acting and was cast by Donald Glover in his US series 'Atlanta' in early 2021, appearing in the 3rd series as a poker-playing German millionaire, Yonathan.

Daniel was then cast by Hollywood director Martin Campbell (Casino Royale, Golden Eye, The Mask of Zoro, James Bond) in his new action thriller, 'Memory' starring Liam Neeson, Guy Pearce and Monica Bellucci. De Bourg stars as cut-throat lawyer Willam Borden.

De Bourg has been filming in Morocco with October Films for their new TV series Colosseum in the lead role of Haterius and features in season 2 of Whitstable Pearl as troubled pilot Noah.

Roles in SKY series 'COBRA', short films 'TICKET' and 'JUST PASSING' followed and are scheduled for release in 2023.

Studio albums

 * 2002: Tell the World
 * 2013: London Bread
 * 2014: "X-Play Pt. One"
 * 2015: "X-Play Pt. Two"

Mixtapes

 * 2010: The DDB Mixtape Volume 1 - The Prelude
 * 2011: The DDB Mixtape Volume 2 - The Bridge
 * 2012: The DDB Mixtape Volume 3 - Outro
 * 2013:  Overdrive

title: Daniel de Bourg


title: File:007GEsoundtrack.jpg


text:
Handy Dan

Handy Dan Home Improvement was an American home improvement store based out of New Jersey. It went out of business in May, 1989.

Bernard Marcus was CEO of Handy Dan in 1978 when he was fired along with company vice president Arthur Blank amid a corporate power struggle with Sanford C. Sigoloff, who led Handy Dan's owner at the time, Daylin Inc. Marcus and Blank went on to found Home Depot.

Daylin was purchased by W. R. Grace and Company in 1979. In 1986, Grace's retail home improvement division, which included Handy Dan and Channel Home Centers, was sold to the division's executives through a leveraged buyout.

Handy Dan played a major role in getting Texas's religion-based blue laws repealed in 1984 by opening on Sunday and using white price stickers for goods that could be sold seven days a week, and blue price stickers for items that could not be sold on Sunday.

title: Handy Dan


text:
Le Train Bleu (restaurant)

Le Train Bleu ("The Blue Train") is a restaurant located in the hall of the Gare de Lyon railway station in Paris, France. It was designated a Monument Historique in 1972.

The restaurant was originally created for the Exposition Universelle (1900). Each ornate dining room is themed to represent cities and regions of France and they are decorated with 41 paintings by some of the most popular artists of that time.

Initially called "Buffet de la Gare de Lyon", it was renamed "Le Train Bleu" in 1963, after the famous train of the same name. The restaurant's food menu is based on traditional French cuisine.

Artists who decorated Le Train Bleu

 * Charles Bertier
 * Eugène Burnand
 * Eugène Dauphin
 * Guillaume Dubufe
 * François Flameng
 * Henri Gervex
 * Gaston La Touche
 * Max Leenhardt
 * Albert Maignan
 * Frédéric Montenard
 * Jean-Baptiste Olive
 * Edmond Marie Petitjean
 * Albert Rigolot
 * Édouard Rosset-Granger
 * Paul Saïn
 * Gaston Casimir Saint-Pierre

Le Train Bleu in films
The restaurant has appeared in several films, including:
 * 1972: Travels with My Aunt, directed by George Cukor
 * 1973 The Mother and the Whore, directed by Jean Eustache
 * 1990: La Femme Nikita, directed by Luc Besson
 * 1998: Place Vendôme, directed by Nicole Garcia
 * 2003: Filles uniques, directed by Pierre Jolivet
 * 2007: Mr. Bean's Holiday, directed by Steve Bendelack
 * 2009: Micmacs, directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet

title: Le Train Bleu (restaurant)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kelly-Ann Evans

Kelly-Ann Evans
Nothing against the sysop that started this, but she isn't even mentioned in the Canadian Idol page. Not every talentless hack need her own page. hfool 23:12, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete appearing on national television is not notable. Wyss 23:25, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Just another with these reality show contestants.  Geogre 01:41, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: DCEdwards1966 01:53, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, just being a contestant doesn't make one notable. And if the official website doesn't even mention her, I doubt there's much to say anyway. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 08:42, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Here she is at the official site. Samaritan 21:02, 9 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Familiar enough (long after the series' run and her loss) to the regional Usenet group for Newfoundland and Labrador, nf.general, that she's described as "supposedly budding starlet (wasserface evans)" in a big thread that gets into an intriguing conflict with the Stirling regional media empire. One of probably only six contestants from Canadian Idol Season 1 to since release their own CD, along with VfD survivor Billy Klippert. Samaritan 03:04, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. She really does not seem notable to me.  If one, or even twenty for that matter, usenet group discusses something, that is not enough to establish notability, and every person who has released a CD is not inherently notable either. I have not seen enough yet. Indrian 01:57, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Cathleen Synge Morawetz

Cathleen Synge Morawetz (May 5, 1923 – August 8, 2017) was a Canadian mathematician who spent much of her career in the United States. Morawetz's research was mainly in the study of the partial differential equations governing fluid flow, particularly those of mixed type occurring in transonic flow. She was professor emerita at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at the New York University, where she had also served as director from 1984 to 1988. She was president of the American Mathematical Society from 1995 to 1996. She was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1998.

Childhood
Morawetz's father, John Lighton Synge, nephew of John Millington Synge, was an Irish mathematician, specializing in the geometry of general relativity. Her mother also studied mathematics for a time. Her uncle was Edward Hutchinson Synge who is credited as the inventor of the Near-field scanning optical microscope and very large astronomical telescopes, based on multiple mirrors.

Her childhood was split between Ireland and Canada. Both her parents were supportive of her interest in mathematics and science, and it was a woman mathematician, Cecilia Krieger, who had been a family friend for many years and later encouraged Morawetz to pursue a PhD in mathematics. Morawetz said her father was influential in stimulating her interest in mathematics, but he wondered whether her studying mathematics would be wise (suggesting they might fight like the Bernoulli brothers).

Education
A 1945 graduate of the University of Toronto, she married Herbert Morawetz, a chemist, on October 28, 1945. She received her master's degree in 1946 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Morawetz got a job at New York University where she edited Supersonic Flow and Shock Waves by Richard Courant and Kurt Otto Friedrichs. She earned her Ph.D. in 1951 at New York University, with a thesis on the stability of a spherical implosion, under the supervision of Kurt Otto Friedrichs. Her thesis was entitled Contracting Spherical Shocks Treated by a Perturbation Method

Career
After earning her doctorate, she spent a year as a research associate at MIT before returning to work as a research associate at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at NYU, for five more years. During this time she had no teaching requirements and could focus purely on research. She published work on a variety of topics in applied mathematics including viscosity, compressible fluids and transonic flows. Even if an aircraft remains subsonic, the air flowing around the wing can reach supersonic velocity. The mix of air at supersonic and subsonic velocity creates shock waves that can slow the airplane.

Turning to the mathematics of transonic flow, she showed that specially designed shockless airfoils could not, in fact, prevent shocks. Shocks developed in response to even small perturbations, such as a gust of wind or an imperfection in a wing. This discovery opened up the problem of developing a theory for a flow with shocks. Subsequently, the shocks she predicted mathematically now have been observed in experiments as air flows around the wing of a plane.

In 1957 she became an assistant professor at Courant. At this point she began to work more closely with her colleagues publishing important joint papers with Peter Lax and Ralph Phillips on the decay of solutions to the wave equation around a star shaped obstacle. She continued with important solo work on the wave equation and transonic flow around a profile until she was promoted to full professor by 1965.

At this point her research expanded to a variety of problems including papers on the Tricomi equation the nonrelativistic wave equation including questions of decay and scattering. Her first doctoral student, Lesley Sibner, was graduated in 1964. In the 1970s she worked on questions of scattering theory and the nonlinear wave equation. She proved what is now known as the Morawetz Inequality. She died on August 8, 2017, in New York City.

Honors
In 1980, Morawetz won a Lester R. Ford Award. In 1981, she became the first woman to deliver the Gibbs Lecture of The American Mathematical Society, and in 1982 presented an Invited Address at a meeting of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. She received honorary degrees from Eastern Michigan University in 1980, Brown University, and Smith College in 1982, and Princeton in 1990. In 1983 and in 1988, she was selected as a Noether Lecturer. She was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1984. She was named Outstanding Woman Scientist for 1993 by the Association for Women in Science. In 1995, she became the second woman elected to the office of president of the American Mathematical Society.

In 1996, she was awarded an honorary ScD degree by Trinity College Dublin, where her father JL Synge had been a student and later a faculty member. That same year, she was elected to the American Philosophical Society. In 1998 she was awarded the National Medal of Science; she was the first woman to receive the medal for work in mathematics. In 2004, she received the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Lifetime Achievement. In 2006, she won the George David Birkhoff Prize in Applied Mathematics. In 2012, she became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Morawetz was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and was the first woman to belong to the Applied Mathematics Section of that organization.

Personal life
Morawetz lived in Greenwich Village with her husband Herbert Morawetz, a polymer chemist. They had four children, eight grandchildren, and three great grandchildren. Their children are Pegeen Rubinstein, John, Lida Jeck, and Nancy Morawetz (a professor at New York University School of Law who manages its Immigrant Rights Clinic).

Upon being honored by the National Organization for Women for successfully combining career and family, Morawetz quipped, "Maybe I became a mathematician because I was so crummy at housework." She said her current non-mathematical interests are "grandchildren and sailing."

title: Cathleen Synge Morawetz


text:
John Pritchard (conductor)

Sir John Michael Pritchard, (born Stanley Frederick Pritchard, 5 February 1921 – 5 December 1989) was an English conductor. He was known for his interpretations of Mozart operas and for his support of contemporary music.

Life and career
Pritchard was born in Walthamstow, Essex, to a musical family. His father, Albert Edward Pritchard, was a violinist with the London Symphony Orchestra. The young Pritchard was educated at the Monoux School and studied violin, piano, and conducting in Italy.

Pritchard, as a conscientious objector, refused to serve in the Second World War, but was in any case unfit on medical grounds. In 1943 he took over the semi-professional Derby String Orchestra and was its principal conductor until 1951. He joined the music staff of Glyndebourne Festival Opera in 1947 and was appointed chorus master in 1949. He remained associated with Glyndebourne for most of his career, as conductor, music counsellor (from 1963), principal conductor (1968) and musical director (1969–78).

Beyond Glyndebourne, Pritchard appeared with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, at Edinburgh in 1952 (deputising for Ernest Ansermet, who was ill). He made his début at the Royal Opera House in 1951 and at the Vienna State Opera in 1952. He appeared regularly with the Vienna Symphony (1953–55).

For Glyndebourne in this period, Pritchard conducted Mozart's Idomeneo and Richard Strauss's Ariadne auf Naxos at the Edinburgh festivals of 1953 and 1954 and Rossini's La Cenerentola at the Berlin Festival.

In 1957, Pritchard was appointed principal conductor of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, where he launched the Musica Viva series showcasing contemporary music. His success in Liverpool led to his appointment as principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra (1962–66). Freelancing after leaving the LPO, he conducted concerts in Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden, Philadelphia and the Far East, and opera in Buenos Aires, Chicago, San Francisco, New York, Salzburg, Florence, and Munich. In 1973, he conducted the LPO in China, the first visit to China by a British orchestra.

Pritchard became chief guest conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra in 1978, and subsequently served as its chief conductor from 1982 to 1989, the first BBC SO chief guest conductor to become its chief conductor. He served as Generalmusikdirektor of the Cologne Opera (1978-1989) and music director of La Monnaie (1981). He was the first titled music director of the San Francisco Opera, from 1986 until his death in 1989. At the time of his death, he was preparing Wagner's Ring cycle for San Francisco.

Pritchard was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1962 and knighted in 1983. The prestigious Shakespeare Prize was awarded him in 1975 by the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Foundation.

Pritchard died in 1989 in Daly City, California, with lung cancer as the reported cause of death. His partner, Terrence MacInnes, survived him.

Repertoire
Pritchard was a champion of a wide range of new music, conducting the premieres of Britten's Gloriana and Tippett's The Midsummer Marriage and King Priam, all at Covent Garden, and the British première of Henze's Elegy for Young Lovers at Glyndebourne. Of the classics of the repertoire he was noted for his Mozart and Richard Strauss. His recordings include Idomeneo, L'incoronazione di Poppea, Falstaff, Macbeth, Hansel and Gretel, L'elisir d'amore (with Plácido Domingo), Il segreto di Susanna (with Renata Scotto and Renato Bruson), Lucia di Lammermoor and La traviata (the last two with Joan Sutherland).

Discography

 * Donizetti

 * Lucia di Lammermoor – Joan Sutherland (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, recorded 1961 – Celestial Audio CA 345

 * Humperdinck

 * Hänsel und Gretel - Frederica von Stade (Hänsel), Ileana Cotrubas (Gretel), Kiri Te Kanawa (Little Sandman), Ruth Welting (Dew Fairy), Elisabeth Söderström (Witch), Siegmund Nimsgern (Father), Christa Ludwig (Mother), Children's Chorus of the Cologne Opera, Gürzenich Orchestra, John Pritchard, recorded 1978 - Sony M2K 79217; for details, see here

 * Mozart

 * Idomeneo – Richard Lewis (Idomeneo), Leopold Simoneau (Idamante), Sena Jurinac (Ilia), Lucille Udovick (Elettra), Chorus & Orchestra of the Glyndebourne Festival, John Pritchard, recorded 1956

Videography

 * The Metropolitan Opera Centennial Gala (1983), Deutsche Grammophon DVD, 00440-073-4538

title: John Pritchard (conductor)