text:
Talk:German (studies)

I have to admit that I have only the barest grasp on the mechnaics of Wik (and I can rarely find or understand the "instructions." STill, I want to work on the project.  That's why the funny title above.  I filled in a new name, but "newname" is what I got here.  Go figure.  Any-way, as I have written before (see below), Germanistics is a lousy name, since it is hardly ever used, being an ganglicization of Germanistiks not used by major German departments in the U.K. or the U.S.  German Language and Literature and German Studies are both more common, as are German and Germanic Languages and Literatures (both probably inappropriate for our article).  Few non-Germans would think to look under "Germanistics."

Translation
I just spent over an hour translating and correcting/commenting on the whole German version. I put it hereon editing talk for others to clean up. Instead it's gone. Kdammers 2 July 2005 09:15 (UTC)

I'll try it again, but I'm not translating the whole thing again at one fell swoop. The way I'll do it is paste it here (editng talk) and I and others can gradually translate it if it doesn't disappear. Kdammers 4 July 2005 08:23 (UTC) Some of the content is  not right on, so it should be changed before or after translation. Comments are |thus.|  In addition, some additional material should be added for non-German-speakers (e.g., re Hochdeutsch).

Well, I see my change have disappeared again! "Sysiphos." Kdammers 04:05, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Good work translating this page. Sorry you lost earlier versions, sometimes the software goes to preview even after you hit the save button, in the past I know that this has caused content to be lost. I have run through the version on this talk page and cleaned up some writing and adapted it to standard en.wiki formatting. Please look through it to make sure I did not change the meaning anywhere. As to the name, Germanistics does get some hits in English, certainly more than "German Language and Literature Studies" and "German studies" refers to a broader field fo study. For now I think Germanistics is an alright title, though others should be given consideration. English scholars seem to use "Germanistik" a lot. - SimonP 13:45, July 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for working it over. There are a few things to change, but I'll have to do that later.  (The links with-out URLS are C&Ps from the German site.)  I really feel pretty strongly AGAINST using 'germanistics.'  By search with Yahoo,  GL&L had 43K hits, whereas 'Germanistics' had <500.  Also, take a look at US & UK German depts.  'Germanistics' is not in  Random House's big dict., nor in online dicts. GL&L is good but awkward, GL&L studies is easier on the grammar and meaning but really long-winded.  GS is often - but not always - and surely by implication broader (tho' a number of depts. do use it.

Germanistics ''|This is not a standard term in English. The title should be some-thing else, e.g., German Language and Literature or German Studies |''

G*** is the field of humanities that researches, documents and disseminates German language and literature in its historic and present form. Common German names for the field are "Germanistik," "Deutsche Philologie," and "Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft." |original had "D Sw oder Lw" - I combined using "and" |

Modern G*** is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German Linguistics and German Literature Studies, the later comprised of studies of Older and Newer German Literature ("Älterer" and "Neuerer deutscher Literaturwissenschaft").

Table of Contents [Hide]

* 1 German Linguistics * 2 German Literature Studies * 3 German Media Studies * 4 History of G*** * 5 Weblinks * 6 See also

[Edit]

German Linguistics
German linguistics (traditionally called philology |In Germany, there is some-thing of a difference between philologists and linguists. This is kind of hard to explain and seems trivial to some but is thought crucial to others| examines the German language in its various forms through history as well as the German language of today.  It is roughly divided as follows: |This division isn't exactly the same as that given in the German Wik article on Neuhochdeutsch/Hochdeutsch.|

* Old High German (Althochdeutsch) 8th - 11th centuries)   * Middle High German (Mittelhochdeutsch) 11th - 14th centuries    * Early Modern High German Frühneuhochdeutsch) 14th - 17th centuries

In addition, the discipline examines German under various aspects (the way it is spoken and written, i.e., spelling; declination; vocabulary; sentence structure; texts; etc.) in their various manifestations such as language social (slang, written texts, etc.) and geographical (dialects, etc.) groupings.

German Literature Studies
Literary studies | or The study of literature| is/are divided into two parts, dealing with with the period from the beginnings of German |I don't buy this -  the language is older than that.| in the early Middle Ages up to post-Medieval times around A.D.[1500]] (Ältere D/deutsche Literaturwissenschaft '') and from thence forward (Neuere D/deutsche Literaturwissenschaft), respectively. |Should these two terms be translated?|'' The field systematically examines  German literature in terms of genre, form, content, and motifs as well as looking at it historically by author and epoch. Foci include edition philology, history of literature, and textual interpretation. The relationships of German literature to that in other languages (e.g., reception and mutual influences) and historical contexts |I've changed some stuff, e.g., in this sentence, countries to languages and dropped "European" | are additional important areas of concentration.

German Media Studies
In recent years, G*** has looked for a connection with the fields of communications, cultural studies and media studies. In addition, the sub-branch film studies has established itself. ''|literally "film philologie" ! See http://www.ikp.uni-bonn.de/ZfKM/newzfkm/archiv/altekvvs/sose03/kommentare/we4320.html, |''

History of G***
As an unsystematic field of interest for individual scholars, G*** can be traced back to Tacitus's Germania.''|This is a bit misleading, since T was almost forgotten until the high Middle Ages, and even then G. probably didn't figure large for some time. See Tacitean studies article.|'' In terms of a true field of German language and literature, though, the research and publication of legal and historical source material as well as Medieval Bible translations, all undertaken during the Renaissance Humanism of the sixteenth century truly initiated it. [Please de-awkwardize my sentence here.] As an independent university subject, G*** was founded at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Georg Friedrich Benecke, the Brothers Grimm, and Karl Lachmann.

Journals

 * Muttersprache.
 * Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie.
 * Zeitschrift für Germanistik.

[Edit]

Weblinks
* http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/guide/hum/german/german_net.html (University of Adelaide's categorized guide to German Area Studies online) * http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wess/wesslit.html (Dartmouth's German-Studies Web links, annotated and arranged by topic) * http://libadm87.rice.edu/ref/german.cfm (Rice University's guide to German studies, including printed literature and links to German newspapers and magazines)

* germanistik.net (tries to get the user straight to the best sources of help; in German) * Germanistik im Netz - Erlanger Liste (The 'Erlanger Liste' is currently the largest collection of links to the various aspects of G***, including such archives, publishers, etc.; in German) * Literaturwissenschaft online ("Literaturwissenschaft online" Kiel University's e-learning site with live and archived lectures; free of charge; in German.) * Bibliographie der Deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft ("BDSL Online" is the electronic version of the largest bibliography in the field of German language and literature studies. Access to report years 1985-1995 is free of charge.) * http://www.doaj.org/ljbs?cpid=8 (DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals, Literature and Languages) * http://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/Medienprojekt/Literatur/9.med.analy.html (University of Hamburg site with media stuides bibliography)

University Departments and Research Institutions
[Edit]
 * Hamburg University, Germany: http://www.slm.uni-hamburg.de/Stuplan/DeutSprachLit_eng.html
 * Nehr University, India: http://www.jnu.ac.in/Academics/Schools/SchoolOfLanguage/GermanCenter.htm

See also

* German Literature * Sturm und Drang * New Objectivity * Germanisches Nationalmuseum

Categories: Humanities | Cultural Studies

Please help!
I would like to have help in two things here: 1) More departments of German (I have hardly started, but we should at least include the departments in various countries. I can slowly do this but would like some help.) 2) PLEASE change the name of this entry. I tend toward "German language and literature" even though this is ambiguous (i.e., L&L per se or the study of L&L). If Wik were prescriptive, "Germanistics" might have reason to be preferred. But the term is virtually unknown. (I'd change the title if I knew how to do it.)Kdammers 08:07, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

 * What about German philology? I think that makes clear that the article is about the academic discipline. up+land 10:10, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The requested move title is overly verbose. I believe Uppland's suggestion is much better.
 * Peter Isotalo 14:32, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * This is Wikipedia's discussion of "philology" (See the Philology article for more) :  "'philology' tends to refer to a study of texts from the perspective of historical linguistics" - and that is NOT an accurate description of this academic field we are trying to re-name.  That makes it "German Philology" a bit questionable for a Wik entry.  I agree that GL*L is long, but it is commonly used.  Philology does not usually include literature qua literature.  Thus, we could lose a lot of people who are looking for the field that studies German literature.  Maybe someone could ask a few people in German Departments (e.g., at UWMadison (http://www.wisc.edu/pubs/home/archives/gopher/grad94/00000204.html) and Notre Dame (www.library.nd.edu/subjects/language_and_literature_german) for their professional input. What-ever we decide, let's be sure to include enough re-directs. Kdammers 09:28, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The term Germanistics actually is used by some English speaking colleges, but Germanic Studies is much more common. This based on my own impressions as confirmed by Google searches. I might suggest using the long title ('German language and literature') for clarity and then having the redirects from the other suggested titles. There ought to be redirects from these various terms to whichever title is settled on in any case. --CBDunkerson 11:56, 19 November 2005 (UTC)
 * my vote goes to "Germanic studies" too. If only German (as opposed to Germanic in the wider sense) language and literature are intended, "German studies" is fine too. dab (ᛏ) 12:29, 9 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I would second dab's opinion. Bessel Dekker 02:25, 14 December 2005 (UTC)
 * German includes Dutch, etc., which I don't think we want included here. Kdammers 08:15, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

 * http://www.phds.org/rankings/german/rank#myd The NRC uses "German Language and Literature" in the RANKINGS of US grad deparments in German. Kdammers 07:41, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

RFM result
There was a request to move this page as outlined above. However, there are a few options tossed around and no real consensus. SimonP suggested German language and literature studies. The request was:
 * Talk:Germanistics — Germanistics → German Language and Literature – {reason for move} – Germanistics is rarely used and was the article's title because the person naming it simply anglicized the title of the German article and subject area – Kdammers 04:49, 25 September 2005 (UTC)
 * No one else has chimed in. I hope an adminstrator will kae this change.  Please note that the original naming was apparently done by a German speaker who did little more than transliterate the word to start an entry.  I translated the German Wik article and there was some discussion on the title between one other person and me.  Although not a specialist in this area, I do have a more than passing acquaintance with it, and work as a translator for academic German into English. Kdammers 04:06, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Refile when something is decided upon - take care! Ryan Norton T 14:35, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * There is no need to refile anything. We can move the page ourselves if we reach consensus. We don't need an admin to do it for us.
 * Peter Isotalo 14:53, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * What about German studies? There's already a very stubby little two-liner there which could easily be merged here, and then the whole shebang moved to that title. --User:Angr/talk 17:35, 20 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Putting all the content under German studies sounds good, especially since that is what the German Germanistik sometimes means. See e.g. this website of a Germanistik faculty at a German university, which includes Deutsche Philologie (German language and literature studies) and Kulturanthropologie/Volkskunde, a subject previously known as Deutsche Volkskunde (Ethnology of the German people). --Kusma (talk) 04:06, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

Responding to request for comment I'll vote for "German language and literature." As a bilingual North American it seems like the best solution. English doesn't really have a succinct translation, but the phrase "X language and literature" conveys a similar intention about a variety of languages. Durova 07:55, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

Responding to request for comment I think that German Studies and German Philology are the two best options. I am majoring in German Studies and it encompasses everything listed in the article. It deals with language, culture, and history. However, German philology is more technical and deals primarily with language than anything else. Ventzi

interpretation
To venture comment on the origins of the linguistic efforts, perhaps it is necessary to acknowledge that terminology which describes maintenance and repair of original structures is different from that used to describe the building process.

Germany has a number of ancient castle-type structures having extremely remote or otherwise high-altitude/mountaintop locations, which became a cause for contention when 'the English' thought to claim them from afar with intent to update and repair them for themselves. Similar to controversies about the construction of the Egyptian pyramids, the original scen-arios of castle construction give some insight about how to maintain and repair them, but need modern-day linguistics to conceptualize such activity --  'Germanistics' as a term pro-vides allusion to issues of floral 'loft' necessary to sustain ongoing repair and maintenance protocols, as well as to the physiological state of human populations which is necessary to sustain such protocols. 11/19/2005 00:24, 20 November 2005 (UTC) beadtot

List of institutions
To include every university in the world which offers studies in Germanistics (or whatever it is supposed to be called) seems to be beyond the scope of a page like this. It would include thousands of institutions. up+land 08:18, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:German (studies)


text:
Talk:Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli

Untitled
There are two copies of this article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduard_von_B%C3%B6hm-Ermolli http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduard_Freiherr_von_B%C3%B6hm-Ermolli —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.132.27.108 (talk) 10:07, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

Assessing someone's allegience after the event is bound to be contentious, but this entry is surely 'unproven'... Up to 1919, there can be no doubt that he was Austro-Hungarian, and from the German side of the Empire, so no quibble with an Austrian flag. From 1938-41, he was apparently a 'Nazi-German'. His country was annexed by the Nazis: it happened without his say-so. He was an old man too old to relocate. However, he did accept the rank of Field Marshal, so one could argue that he did make a 'conscious' acceptance of Nazi allegience, to justify that flag.

Fine, so on that basis why did he have no allegience to Czechoslovakia, from 1919-38? It even states expressly '[Austria]to 1938'. Really?

Could he not still have had an allegience to Austria from 1938-1941 too? His allegience (officer's oath)was to the k.u.k. monarch, not the Republic of Austria; if he was loyal to a defunct state 1919-38, why not also also 1938-41? It was no less defunct, nor any more defunct. Herr Hitler's desire to revive the Habsburgs has been a very well-kept secret to date...

a. Gen. von B-E could have settled in Vienna or any one of 9 Austrian provinces, even after 1919. However, he consciously and expressly moved to the existing Rep. of Czechoslovakia. He did not move, say, to Berlin or Munich either; neither in 1919 nor 1933.

b. Having arrived in the country, he accepted a Czech Army rank. He accepted the rank, but still denied that state any allegience: how did he reconcile that?

c. The Czechs paid his pension for two decades but at no stage during that period did he think he had made the 'right' decision to immigrate and to accept honours and money and therefore to owe them any allegience? It makes a General of the k.u.k. Armee sound a grasping, low, immoral opportunist, outclassed in ethics by, say, a Stuermer of the Nazi SA... Really? This may indeed be true, but for his own reputation, if not to give proper credit to the Czechoslovak Republic, the evidence needs to be better displayed. Or drop the flags after the end of his active service, as being largely irrelevant?Protozoon (talk) 16:09, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Baton in photograph
It is noteworthy that in the photograph dated 16 March 1941 in which Bohm-Ermolli appears with Raeder, von Brauchitsch, Keitel, Milch, Hess and Himmler, Bohm-Ermolli is in fact also holding a Field Marshal's baton. It is the Austro-Hungarian Field Marshal's baton he was awarded in 1918. This style of baton awarded to k.u.k. officers at that time was not the same as German, French, or British marshal's batons; they were longer, and had an ivory head with a wooden (typically an exotic wood) shaft, brass hardware, and tassels. I think it would be pertinent and useful information to note that fact in the caption for the photograph. I do not claim it is informative as to discussions elsewhere on this page speaking to his loyalties. 104.3.33.218 (talk) 22:58, 26 April 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli


text:
User talk:Jinshin

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Starcraft
I'm not sure the level of detail about starcraft you're currently writing up is necessary. Perhaps you should wait how the VfDs go before you create any more, to avoid putting a lot of effort into something that gets deleted. On an unrelated note: Welcome to wikipedia! --fvw *  22:43, 2004 Dec 18 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jinshin


text:
OBP

OBP may stand for:

 * Office of Border Patrol, part of US border control
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title: OBP


text:
Procedural

Procedural may refer to:

 * Procedural generation, a term used in computer graphics applications
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 * Procedural law, a legal concept
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title: Procedural


text:
Polk City

Polk City may refer to a place in the United States:

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title: Polk City


text: Talk:Phlegon

title: Talk:Phlegon


text:
Talk:Billy Childish

Roots Rock Prepschool
Billy Childish and his band Thee Headcoats, which also has a reply band Thee Headcoatees, which is characterized by women riding Vespas, is an example of what would have happened if rock and roll had been invented by cool British high school kids, like wondering what would have happened if rockabilly had been invented by The Cramps. Or if minstrelsy had been invented by the Beatles. Instead of escaped slaves meeting in the middle of the swamp at 'Congo Squre' to start brewing American music in colonial Louisiana, as actually happened, picture the cast of Diner putting together music like they know it could be.mcdogm--64.12.116.70 12:02, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * What the hell are you talking about? --195.195.239.151 10:20, 14 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Put the bong away before hitting up wikipedia for info :) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.35.107.44 (talk) 16:59, 3 January 2007 (UTC).

Expand
Material on Billy Childish's row with Jack White was removed on the basis that it "doesn't need to dominate so much of the article". The reason it does so is that there isn't enough article there to start with. The solution is not to cut out material, but to add material. The row with White shows Childish's character and sense of humour, and was/is the subject of considerable interest. I have reinstated it. Please discuss on this page before cutting this referenced material. Thanks Tyrenius 06:19, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

Molestation belongs under "Background", not in opening paragraph
The statements regarding Childish's molestation as a child do not belong in the opening paragraph. They should be placed under the "Background" paragraph, since they are part of his childhood, not his career or cultural influence. Placing such statements in the opening paragraph is too tabloid for my taste. Also, it smacks of a sort of bias to me, in that there is an implication that Billy's character should be considered flawed, and thus his work should be downplayed and regarded merely as the work of a madman. 72.78.153.9 08:12, 16 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Moved per your suggestion. It should be mentioned in the lead, but not in such detail. Tyrenius 12:16, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:My-fault.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Buffmedways.jpg
Image:Buffmedways.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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TV21?
The band TV21 started at least two years after the Pop Rivets, and so are not the predecessor in this situation. Plus, minor point: neither band shared any members (nor were from the same place, nor even really overlap in time by very much at all). A simple search shows the only evidence for linking that band to Billy Childish being this very page. Either provide a source, or strike that line. No? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.65.250.32 (talk) 21:55, 3 August 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Billy Childish


text:
Talk:Seattle SuperSonics

Chris Hansen, New Arena, etc.
Maybe I missed it, but I couldn't find any content on Chris Hansen, the new arena, etc. I made a couple of edits, but I think this section should be expanded. Would this content be better in its own article? Udeezy (talk) 15:45, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Probably shouldn't be in the article at all as it is speculation at the moment. We don't report on speculation and rumour on wikipedia. -DJSasso (talk) 15:54, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I think it's more than speculation and rumor at this point. It's national news, the mayor has held press conferences, etc. At the least, in ten years, it will be part of the OKC relocation story. This owner's group and arena proposal should on Wikipedia somewhere. Perhaps a "Professional Basketball in Seattle" page would be more appropriate. Some of the other information regarding the relocation to OKC is really more appropriate for a page like that anyway. And, if this group falls through, it would provide a home for other serious owner's groups. Thoughts on a new page for general Seattle basketball info? Udeezy (talk) 19:44, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I might make a small paragraph on this page, but I wouldn't get too indepth. This page of course is about a specific team, so it would be undue weight to get into too much detail. Not sure I would create a new article either yet. Not unless the league actually grants a franchise or something along those lines. -DJSasso (talk) 20:04, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm also thinking that a lot of the relocation information is off topic to this article and would be more appropriate in another page. I think the tipping point for adding more information should be much lower than the NBA granting a franchise. Udeezy (talk) 20:08, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * The relocation info is just a summary and very much belongs on this page because it was very defining of the franchise. There already is a relocation page which has the major detail about the relocation on it. But I am not sure this would be any more appropriate there either, however, its probably more relevant there than here. Generally in situation like this for example the Winnipeg Jets in the NHL there was a small paragraph talking about how there have been attempts to bring a team back and what not sticking to sourced info. And once any kind of official announcement was made like a franchise granted or in Winnipeg's case a team move, the a new page was created along the lines of Winnipeg NHL team I think the name was until an official one was announced. And that page had all the significant detail in it. -DJSasso (talk) 20:14, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Hmm, that page is good and this info wouldn't belong there, the scope is too narrow. Doesn't this meet the notable requirement? I think it does, it's covered by all Seattle media, ESPN, etc. I think there should be info on Wikipedia somewhere about this particular group/arena and any other notable groups that may come in the future.Udeezy (talk) 20:31, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Still curious about Hansen's bid being notable. Any one else care to weigh in? Udeezy (talk) 22:28, 23 June 2012 (UTC)

Championships in Seattle
The second paragraph states, "The SuperSonics won the NBA Championship in 1979, and are one of three teams out of the six major-league men's professional sports franchises that have existed in Seattle (the Sonics, Mariners, Pilots, Seahawks, Sounders, and Metropolitans, winners of the 1917 Stanley Cup) to have won a championship." Aside from the Metropolitans and Sonics, who has won a championship? The Sounders won the USL/A-League, but did so when the MLS was in existence, making those "minor" league championships. Udeezy (talk) 22:26, 23 June 2012 (UTC)

Crazy franchize question
Okay, tell me now...

What happens if Sacramento move to Seattle and brand themselves the "Sonics". They will NOT be the same team that the Sonics were before they moved to Oklahoma. They are a different franchise taking the old name & branding. There have been MANY WP debates on this issue (I'll find some of the links and add them here later) but the consensus has been that a WP article follow the franchise's history. I have been much against this practice, and fought hard to finally split Brooklyn Dodgers (history of the) from LA Dodgers. However, that small victory was an exception, and most articles keep, say, "Minneappolis Lakers" as part of the LA Lakers article, while there's a separate article for the Minnesota Timberwolves. So, by that logic (which I don't agree with, but by current logic it should happen) - the new Sonics should have a separate article from the old Sonics.

Discuss... BigSteve (talk) 13:01, 22 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Basically the same thing that happened to the Winnipeg Jets and the Winnipeg Jets (1972–96). We rename this one and create a new page here for the new team. It is the exact same situation, and happened just last year so its a current situation as well. -DJSasso (talk) 13:15, 22 January 2013 (UTC)

 * I am a believer in article continuity, so I think the situation with the Minneapolis/LA Lakers is as it should be. Having said that, this situation is nothing like that.

 * What should happen is something good editors can honestly disagree on. But I will say this:  In my opinion, what is critical is the position the league ends up taking on the matter of franchise records.  For example, when Art Model moved his NFL franchise to Baltimore, the NFL stated that the team history of the Cleveland Browns would not travel with the team, that the Baltimore Ravens would be regarded in NFL history the same as an expansion team, and that a future NFL team in Cleveland would be a restoration of the Browns, with the team history intact.  That's why Cleveland Browns contains the history of the team back to 1946, but other NFL franchises that have moved (Redskins, Bears, Lions, Chargers) include the entire history of the franchise, including from previous cities in their respective articles.  (There are also some where there is an article devoted to the team's history specifically during its stay in a given city; such articles are titled "History of . . . ", e.g., History of the Baltimore Colts.)

 * So, as I was saying, what we do here should depend on the stance of the NBA regarding team history; I read somewhere that the NBA has said that the Sonics' history will be "shared" between the Thunder and some future NBA team in Seattle--what a stupid, confusing idea! And there is another factor:  the name itself.  Has there ever been a case where one name has been used by two historically distinct franchises?  (Of course, there is much talk now of that happening with the Hornets, but nothing has come to pass, AFAIK.) Now if the NBA decides to pull the Sonics' first decades of team history out from underneath OKC, and give it exclusively to the Kings, and thereby chooses to terminate any continued history of the Kings, then I'd say we would be able to do what was done at Cleveland Browns; have an article, Seattle Supersonics, which covers the teams's history since 1967.  One article, covering it all.  But that is only one possible way the league could play this.

 * Personally, I wish the people of Seattle would let go of the Sonics. Hey, Seattle is in King County, so the name actually makes more sense there than it ever did in Sacramento.  And in that case, I would prefer no new article, just a continuation of Sacramento Kings, moved, of course, to Seattle Kings.  HuskyHuskie (talk) 03:54, 23 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Interesting breakdown of the theory, Huskie! I've always been very confused at the way American sports history works due to the difference in the business model - i.e. there, the league is "the business" and teams are sort of "sub-let", leading to huge problems in terms of tying loose ends. I'm still a fan of the idea that a team should be considered different once it moves, but I realize that even that leads to problems. I guess you're right in that we'll need to see how the league itself decides to play it. Thanks! BigSteve (talk) 08:18, 23 January 2013 (UTC)

Relocated and not defunct
There is an editor who does not appear to recognize the distinction between a relocated and defunct organization. A defunct franchise no longer exists. The NBA has had no franchise go defunct since the old Baltimore Bullets in 1954. A complete list of such teams is provided at List of defunct National Basketball Association teams, and this list does not include the Seattle SuperSonics. Relocated franchises are much more common, and continue to recognize player statistics and records compiled in their prior location(s). A complete list of such teams is provided at List of relocated National Basketball Association teams, and this list does include the Seattle SuperSonics. — Myasuda (talk) 02:14, 2 February 2016 (UTC)
 * While I believe the intent is clear, the behavior as seen within Category:Defunct National Basketball Association teams is not. In parallel I had already opened a thread at Category talk:Defunct National Basketball Association teams and informed the NBA Project. Suggest this discussion move there for additional visibility. UW Dawgs (talk) 02:41, 2 February 2016 (UTC)

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Merger proposal
I propose to merge Seattle SuperSonics into Oklahoma City Thunder. They are the same team so it makes no sense why Seattle has its own page when most teams that used to exist but relocated dont. AlexCruz289 (talk) 16:07, 10 September 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Seattle SuperSonics


text:
Talk:Easthampton, Massachusetts

Not a travel guide
Removed the following non-notable businesses from the "points of interest" section: Wikipedia is not a travel guide - see What Wikipedia is not. More should also be removed... I leave that to another day or to someone else. --AbsolutDan (T a lk) 22:03, 26 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Pizza Wings and Things
 * the Nashawannuck Gallery, opened by Mai Stoddard in 1995 to showcase the work of local artists and craftspeople, especially those from One Cottage Street
 * a busy branch of Shelburne Falls Coffee Roasters
 * the Apollo Grill, located in Eastworks, mentioned above, which is arguably Easthampton's best restaurant.
 * Now Here Fast, a punky clothing store

 * Possibly you should read the section you're citing more carefully: "An article on Paris should mention landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre, but not the telephone number or street address of your favorite hotel or the price of a café au lait on the Champs-Élysées." I agree that information on how much the specials cost at Apollo Grill or the street address of Shelburne Falls Coffee Roasters would be non-notable.  The very existence of the businesses are, however, a different thing.  Ravenswing 07:50, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The jist of that section is that important landmarks should be mentioned, not such things as non-notable pizza restaurants and coffee shops. Pizza Wings and Things and Shelburne Falls Coffee Roasters may be busy and successful businesses, but they're not by any stretch of the imagination a landmark or otherwise important point of interest - except perhaps in a travel guide. I lived in E'ton for ~20 years - the businesses I removed are simply not points of interest. I originally left Nini's and the Silver Spoon because they have been there for quite some time and perhaps could be considered historical or a landmark. --AbsolutDan (T a lk) 13:46, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

 * As this discussion seems to have been abandoned, I am reverting the article back to my recent changes. If this is a problem for anyone, please discuss it here first before reverting any further. --AbsolutDan (talk) 23:44, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Requested move 7 February 2015

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Keep. Aidan721 (talk) 21:16, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

Easthampton, Massachusetts → Easthampton – Easthampton is the only town or city in the United States using this name. There is no need to have Easthampton, Massachusetts, it is unnecessary. Easthampton currently redirects to the current page. Aidan721 (talk) 18:28, 7 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Comment England has a tiny settlement named Easthampton, see List of places in Herefordshire and Google Maps. -- John of Reading (talk) 19:00, 7 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Comment John of Reading, on the List of places in Herefordshire, Easthampton redirects to the Massachusetts town, so that should be corrected. --Aidan721 (talk) 19:12, 7 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Done - good idea. -- John of Reading (talk) 20:58, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

There is an Easthampton Connecticut and Long Island B-Movie Fan (talk) 21:00, 9 July 2018 (UTC)

Non-notable businesses
/* Points of interest */ Removed non-notable business listings. Also removed "old marty beach" reference - I've lived around here for 20+ years and never heard of it. A web search finds nothing other than articles derived from this wiki page. Perkunas170 (talk) 04:32, 11 August 2015 (UTC)

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"Southeastern edge"
I deleted the phrase describing Easthampton's location as the "southeastern edge" of the Pioneer Valley. What was the basis for that description? I could imagine various definitions of the PV, but in all of them Easthampton is never in the southeast. For example, it's on the western side of the Connecticut River. --Brendan642

title: Talk:Easthampton, Massachusetts


text:
Talk:Duat

Untitled
The duet is osiris's realm or where the magic or a magick river flows — Preceding unsigned comment added by 178.177.22.93 (talk) 12:45, 6 March 2012 (UTC)

Under or above the earth
Whether the Duat was above the sky or beneath the earth is an issue that Egyptologists still have not resolved. James P. Allen, in Genesis in Egypt (1989), says there is "an ambivalence in the Egyptian conception of the Duat. On the one hand, the Duat is thought to lie inside Nut's body… This is a concept as old as the Pyramid Texts: 'The sky has conceived him, the Duat has given him birth' (Pyr. 1527a). On the other hand there are indications—equally as old—that the Duat was envisioned as lying beneath the earth. The Pyramid Texts associate the Duat with the earth and its gods Geb and Aker, and the Coffin Texts refer to the 'lower Duat'. This ambiguity is probably no more than a reflection of the fact that the Duat, though part of the world, is inaccessible to the living, outside the realm of normal human experience—though its topography and inhabitants are nonetheless conjectured in great detail in the Amduat and similar funerary 'books'."

Other scholars have looked at it differently, though. Leonard H. Lesko (in his chapter of Religion in Ancient Egypt, 1991) says that the Egyptians saw the sky as a solid canopy and described the sun as traveling through the Duat above the surface of the sky, from west to east, during the night. Joanne Conman (in "It's About Time: Ancient Egyptian Cosmology" in Studien zum Altagyptischen Kultur, 2003) argues that this solid sky is a moving, concave dome overarching a deeply convex earth. The sun and the stars move along with this dome, and their passage below the horizon is simply their movement over areas of the earth that the Egyptians could not see—i.e., the Duat.

Also, I should note that a lot of Egyptologists, not addressing the uncertainty about the location of the place, write about "the underworld" or "the netherworld" without qualification. In articles I've written, I've avoided that pitfall by writing "the Duat". But in some sources—possibly in John Coleman Darnell's book on the "enigmatic" netherworld books, which I obtained recently—I think I've seen it said that the Duat is not, or not always, synonymous with the entire underworld/netherworld/place full of dead souls and demons and gods being reborn. Which would make it a real pain to figure out what this article should be called. A. Parrot (talk) 17:13, 15 October 2013 (UTC)

 * @A. Parrot thank for that. Wikifan1388 (talk) 12:13, 9 August 2022 (UTC)

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Wiki Education assignment: HUM 202 - Introduction to Mythology
— Assignment last updated by Rockethound (talk) 20:35, 17 October 2022 (UTC)

Incongruous Definitions of the Egyptian Word "Akh"
Section: 3; Paragraph: 1 defines the Egyptian Work "Akh" or "ꜣḫ" as "the effectiveness of the dead", however, various online resources give a very different understanding of the word than the article proposes. Referred to as the "intellect" in other parts of Wikipedia, the Akh is described by scholarary articles as the part of the soul that can observe and participate in the living realm. It can effectively be seen as the soul's self-awareness, consciousness, or, as on Wikipedia, intellectual thought. The definition of "Akh" given in this article is inaccurate and should be removed or replaced with a more accurate definition. Vepuei (talk) 10:48, 2 November 2022 (UTC)

12 areas of Duat
What happens in the specific areas and what trials take place in egyptian mythology? 2601:247:C000:1030:2DB1:6015:1DB9:D249 (talk) 01:30, 24 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Duat


text:
List of Boston Red Sox award winners

This is a list of award winners and single-season leaderboards for the Boston Red Sox professional baseball team.

Abbreviations

 * p: pitcher
 * rp: relief pitcher
 * sp: starting pitcher
 * c: catcher
 * 1b: first baseman
 * 2b: second baseman
 * 3b: third baseman
 * ss: shortstop
 * lf: left fielder
 * cf: center fielder
 * rf: right fielder
 * if: infielder
 * of: outfielder
 * dh: designated hitter
 * MLB: Major League Baseball
 * AL: American League

MVP Award

 * 1912: Tris Speaker.
 * 1938: Jimmie Foxx.
 * 1946: Ted Williams.
 * 1949: Ted Williams.
 * 1958: Jackie Jensen.
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski.
 * 1975: Fred Lynn.
 * 1978: Jim Rice.
 * 1986: Roger Clemens.
 * 1995: Mo Vaughn.
 * 2008: Dustin Pedroia.
 * 2018: Mookie Betts.

Cy Young Award

 * 1967: Jim Lonborg.
 * 1986: Roger Clemens (Unanimous Choice).
 * 1987: Roger Clemens.
 * 1991: Roger Clemens.
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (Unanimous Choice).
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez (Unanimous Choice).
 * 2016: Rick Porcello.

Rookie of the Year Award

 * 1950: Walt Dropo.
 * 1961: Don Schwall.
 * 1972: Carlton Fisk (Unanimous Choice).
 * 1975: Fred Lynn.
 * 1997: Nomar Garciaparra (Unanimous Choice).
 * 2007: Dustin Pedroia.

Manager of the Year Award

 * 1986: John McNamara.
 * 1999: Jimy Williams.

Silver Slugger Award
Twenty four different Red Sox players have received Silver Slugger Awards since its inception in 1981. Wade Boggs (3B) and David Ortiz (DH) have the most wins at their respective positions, the only American League players to currently to hold this distinction. Additionally, the 9 wins for Manny Ramirez are the most of any American League outfielder. In 2018 J.D. Martinez was awarded the Silver Slugger for the DH and OF positions, making him the only player to win the award twice in a single season.

Gold Glove Award
23 different Red Sox players have won Gold Glove Awards since the award was begun in 1957. Dwight Evans with eight Gold Gloves is the all-time Red Sox leader, while Carl Yastrzemski is second with seven. Only three outfielders have won more Gold Gloves than Evans: Willie Mays (12), Roberto Clemente (12) and Al Kaline (10). Ian Kinsler played the first half of the 2018 season with the Los Angeles Angels.

All-MLB Team
Since 2019, the All-MLB Team Award is given out to the best players from each position voted by fans and a panel of experts.
 * 2019: Xander Bogaerts (SS), Mookie Betts (OF)
 * 2021: Rafael Devers (3B)

Wilson Defensive Player of the Year Award
The Wilson Defensive Player of the Year Award was established in 2012. It was awarded to one player on each MLB team in 2012 and 2013; since 2014, one MLB player at each position has been honored. An overall Defensive Player of the Year has been selected each year; one player per league in 2012 and 2013, and a single MLB player starting in 2014.

 * 2012: Dustin Pedroia.
 * 2013: Dustin Pedroia.
 * 2016: Dustin Pedroia (2B), Mookie Betts (OF).
 * 2018: Mookie Betts (OF).

 * Overall winner
 * 2013: Dustin Pedroia (AL).
 * 2016: Mookie Betts (MLB).

Hank Aaron Award
The Hank Aaron Award, introduced in 1999, is given annually to MLB players selected as the top hitter in each league, as voted on by baseball fans and members of the media.

 * 2004: Manny Ramirez
 * 2005: David Ortiz
 * 2008: Kevin Youkilis
 * 2016: David Ortiz
 * 2018: J. D. Martinez

Reliever of the Year Award
Formerly the Delivery Man Award (2005–2013), awarded to one MLB reliever; the Reliever of the Year Award has been issued since 2014, to a reliever in each league.
 * 2007: Jonathan Papelbon (MLB).
 * 2017: Craig Kimbrel (AL).

Relief Man of the Year Award
Awarded from 1976 to 2012
 * 1977: Bill Campbell.
 * 1998: Tom Gordon.

Comeback Player of the Year Award
Awarded in each league, since 2005
 * 2011: Jacoby Ellsbury.
 * 2016: Rick Porcello.
 * 2018: David Price.

Edgar Martínez Award
The Edgar Martínez Award has been presented annually to the most outstanding designated hitter in the American League since 1973.
 * 1973: Orlando Cepeda.
 * 1975: Jim Rice.
 * 1986: Don Baylor.
 * 2003: David Ortiz.
 * 2004: David Ortiz.
 * 2005: David Ortiz.
 * 2006: David Ortiz.
 * 2007: David Ortiz.
 * 2011: David Ortiz.
 * 2013: David Ortiz.
 * 2016: David Ortiz.

Roberto Clemente Award
The Roberto Clemente Award has been awarded since 1971, to the MLB player who "best exemplifies the game of baseball, sportsmanship, community involvement and the individual's contribution to his team."
 * 2010: Tim Wakefield.
 * 2011: David Ortiz.

DHL Hometown Heroes

 * Ted Williams — voted by MLB fans in 2006 as the most outstanding player in the history of the franchise, based on on-field performance, leadership quality and character value

MLB All-Century Team
In 1999, the Major League Baseball All-Century Team was chosen by popular vote of fans.
 * Cy Young (p)
 * Roger Clemens (p)
 * Lefty Grove (p)
 * Babe Ruth (p)
 * Ted Williams (of)

MLB All-Time Team
The Major League Baseball All-Time Team was chosen in 1997, by 36 members of the Baseball Writers' Association of America, to comprise the top manager and top player in each of 13 positional categories across MLB history.
 * First Team
 * Ted Williams (lf)

 * Runners Up
 * Jimmie Foxx (1b)
 * Dennis Eckersley (rp)
 * Joe McCarthy (manager)

Note: Babe Ruth was voted first team right fielder, but because he never played that position with Boston, he is not listed here.

Sporting News All-Decade Team (2009)

 * See Sporting News

 * Team of the Decade: Boston Red Sox
 * Manny Ramirez (of)
 * David Ortiz (dh)
 * Executive of the Decade: Theo Epstein (Red Sox GM)

Sports Illustrated MLB All-Decade Team

 * See List of 2009 all-decade Sports Illustrated awards and honors

 * David Ortiz, designated hitter (2009) (Twins–Red Sox)

Best MLB Player ESPY Award
The Best Major League Baseball Player ESPY Award has been awarded annually since 1993.
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez.
 * 2001: Pedro Martínez.

Topps All-Star Rookie teams
Awarded by Topps since 1959; awards appear on the following year's baseball card release.

 * 1959: Pumpsie Green (2b)
 * 1961: Don Schwall (p)
 * 1964: Tony Conigliaro (of)
 * 1965: Rico Petrocelli (ss)
 * 1966: George Scott (1b)
 * 1967: Reggie Smith (of)
 * 1969: Mike Nagy (p)
 * 1970: Billy Conigliaro (of)
 * 1971: Doug Griffin (2b)
 * 1972: Carlton Fisk (c)
 * 1975: Fred Lynn (of) and Jim Rice (of)
 * 1980: Glenn Hoffman (3b)
 * 1984: Jackie Gutiérrez (ss)
 * 1987: Ellis Burks (of) and Mike Greenwell (of)
 * 1997: Scott Hatteberg (c) and Nomar Garciaparra (ss)
 * 1999: Brian Daubach (1b)
 * 2007: Dustin Pedroia (2b) and Hideki Okajima (p)
 * 2011: Josh Reddick (of)
 * 2013: José Iglesias (ss)
 * 2014: Xander Bogaerts (ss)
 * 2017: Rafael Devers (3b) and Andrew Benintendi (of)

Fielding Bible Award
Awarded since 2006
 * 2011: Dustin Pedroia (2b)
 * 2013: Dustin Pedroia (2b)
 * 2014: Dustin Pedroia (2b)
 * 2016: Dustin Pedroia (2b), Mookie Betts (of)
 * 2017: Mookie Betts (of)
 * 2018: Mookie Betts (of)

Babe Ruth Award
The Babe Ruth Award is given annually to the MLB player with the best performance in the postseason, awarded since 1949 by the New York City chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA). From 1949─2002, the award was given to for the best performance in the World Series, but was changed from 2003 onwards to apply to the best postseason performance in general.
 * 1975: Luis Tiant.
 * 2004: Keith Foulke.
 * 2007: Jonathan Papelbon.
 * 2013: David Ortiz.
 * 2018: David Price.

Baseball America Manager of the Year

 * See: Baseball America

Awarded since 1998
 * 1999: Jimy Williams
 * 2007: Terry Francona

Sporting News Manager of the Year Award
The Sporting News Manager of the Year Award was established in 1936 by The Sporting News and was given annually to one manager in MLB. In 1986, it was expanded to honor one manager from each league.
 * 1967: Dick Williams.
 * 1975: Darrell Johnson.
 * 1986: John McNamara.
 * 1999: Jimy Williams.
 * 2013: John Farrell.

Associated Press Manager of the Year Award
Awarded by the Associated Press to a manager in each league from 1959 through 1983; awarded to one manager in MLB from 1984 through 2000; discontinued in 2001.
 * 1967: Dick Williams.
 * 1975: Darrell Johnson.

Sporting News Executive of the Year

 * 1946: Tom Yawkey.
 * 1967: Dick O'Connell.
 * 1975: Dick O'Connell.
 * 2013: Ben Cherington.

Sporting News Executive of the Decade (2009)

 * See Sporting News

 * Theo Epstein

Sports Illustrated Best General Manager of the Decade (2009)

 * See List of 2009 all-decade Sports Illustrated awards and honors

 * Theo Epstein

Baseball America Major League Executive of the Year

 * See Baseball America

 * 2008: Theo Epstein

Lou Gorman Award
In September 2011, the Red Sox established an annual award in honor of Lou Gorman, given to a minor league player in the Red Sox organization "who has demonstrated dedication and perseverance in overcoming obstacles while working his way to the Major League team."

Note: the award was not issued for 2020, as the minor-league season was canceled amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Batting
Figures in parentheses are batting average, home runs, and runs batted in (RBIs)
 * 1942: Ted Williams (.356, 36, 137).
 * 1947: Ted Williams (.343, 32, 114).
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski (.326, 44, 121).

Pitching
Figures in parentheses are wins, strikeouts, and earned run average (ERA)
 * 1901: Cy Young (33, 158, 1.62).
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (23, 313, 2.07).

Post-Season and All-Star Game MVP Award Winners

 * World Series MVP
 * 2004: Manny Ramírez.
 * 2007: Mike Lowell.
 * 2013: David Ortiz.
 * 2018: Steve Pearce.
 * Lee MacPhail MVP Award (ALCS)
 * 1986: Marty Barrett.
 * 2004: David Ortiz.
 * 2007: Josh Beckett.
 * 2013: Koji Uehara.
 * 2018: Jackie Bradley Jr.
 * All-Star Game MVP
 * Note: This was re-named the Ted Williams Most Valuable Player Award in 2002.

 * 1970: Carl Yastrzemski.
 * 1986: Roger Clemens.
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez.
 * 2008: J. D. Drew.
 * 2024: Jarren Duran.

Team award

 * 1975 – William Harridge Trophy (American League champion)
 * 1976 – Babe Ruth League Hall of Fame
 * 1986 – William Harridge Trophy (American League champion)
 * 2004 – William Harridge Trophy (American League champion)
 * 2004 – Commissioner's Trophy (World Series)
 * 2004 – Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year
 * 2005 (2004 Boston Red Sox) – Outstanding Team ESPY Award
 * 2005 – Laureus World Sports Awards (Spirit of Sport Award)
 * 2007 – William Harridge Trophy (American League champion)
 * 2007 – Commissioner's Trophy (World Series)
 * 2009 – Sporting News Team of the Decade
 * 2010 – Commissioner's Award for Philanthropic Excellence
 * 2013 – William Harridge Trophy (American League champion)
 * 2013 – Commissioner's Trophy (World Series)
 * 2013 – Philadelphia Sports Writers Association Team of the Year

Team captains

 * Doc Gessler (1909)
 * Harry Hooper (1918–1920)
 * Everett Scott (1921)
 * Carl Yastrzemski (1966,1969–1983)
 * Jim Rice (1985–1989)
 * Jason Varitek (2005–2011)

Baseball Hall of Famers

 * See: .

Ford C. Frick Award recipients

 * See: .

Retired numbers

 * See: .

World Baseball Classic All–WBC Team

 * 2009 – Daisuke Matsuzaka (P)

Associated Press Athlete of the Year

 * 1957 — Ted Williams.
 * 1967 — Carl Yastrzemski.
 * 1975 — Fred Lynn.

Hickok Belt

 * Note: The Hickok Belt trophy was awarded to the top professional athlete of the year in the U.S., from 1950 to 1976.

Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year

 * See navigation box below and Sportsman of the Year

Sports Illustrated Top 10 Coaches/Managers of the Decade (2009)

 * See: .

 * No. 4 – Terry Francona (the list's only other MLB manager was the New York Yankees and Los Angeles Dodgers' Joe Torre, No. 3)

Sports Illustrated Top 10 GMs/Executives of the Decade (2009)

 * See: .

 * No. 3 – Theo Epstein (the list's only other MLB GMs were Seattle and Philadelphia's Pat Gillick, No. 7, and Oakland's Billy Beane, No. 10)

United States Sports Academy "Carl Maddox Sport Management Award"

 * 2007 – Theo Epstein

Pitchers

 * Winning games leaders
 * 1901: Cy Young (MLB Leader; 33 Wins).
 * 1902: Cy Young (MLB Leader; 32 Wins).
 * 1903: Cy Young (AL Leader; 28 Wins).
 * 1912: Smoky Joe Wood (MLB Leader; 34 Wins).
 * 1935: Wes Ferrell (AL Leader; 25 Wins).
 * 1942: Tex Hughson (MLB Leader; 22 Wins).
 * 1955: Frank Sullivan (AL Leader; 18 Wins).
 * 1967: Jim Lonborg (MLB Leader; 22 Wins).
 * 1986: Roger Clemens (MLB Leader; 24 Wins).
 * 1987: Roger Clemens (MLB Leader; 20 Wins).
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (MLB Leader; 23 Wins).
 * 2004: Curt Schilling (MLB Leader; 21 Wins).
 * 2007: Josh Beckett (MLB Leader; 20 Wins).
 * 2016: Rick Porcello (MLB Leader; 22 Wins).

 * Saves Leaders
 * 1903: Bill Dinneen and Cy Young (2) (AL Leaders).
 * 1909: Frank Arellanes (8) (MLB Leader).
 * 1911: Charley Hall (4) (AL Leader).
 * 1915: Carl Mays (7) (AL Leader).
 * 1919: Allen Russell (5) (MLB Leader).
 * 1931: Wilcy Moore (10) (AL Leader).
 * 1946: Bob Klinger (9) (MLB Leader).
 * 1951: Ellis Kinder (14) (MLB Leader).
 * 1953: Ellis Kinder (27) (MLB Leader).
 * 1960: Mike Fornieles (14) (AL Leader).
 * 1962: Dick Radatz (24) (AL Leader).
 * 1964: Dick Radatz (29) (MLB Leader).
 * 1977: Bill Campbell (31) (AL Leader).
 * 1998: Tom Gordon (46) (AL Leader).
 * 2000: Derek Lowe (42) (AL Leader).
 * Strikeouts Leaders
 * 1901: Cy Young (AL Leader; 158K).
 * 1942: Tex Hughson (AL Leader; 113K).
 * 1967: Jim Lonborg (AL Leader; 246K).
 * 1988: Roger Clemens (MLB Leader; 291K).
 * 1991: Roger Clemens (MLB Leader; 241K).
 * 1996: Roger Clemens (AL Leader; 257K).
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (AL Leader; 313K).
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez (AL Leader; 284K).
 * 2001: Hideo Nomo (AL Leader; 220K).
 * 2002: Pedro Martínez (AL Leader; 239K).
 * 2017: Chris Sale (MLB Leader; 308K).

 * ERA leaders
 * 1901: Cy Young (MLB Leader; 1.62).
 * 1914: Dutch Leonard (MLB Leader; 0.96).
 * 1915: Smoky Joe Wood (AL Leader; 1.49).
 * 1916: Babe Ruth (AL Leader; 1.75).
 * 1935: Lefty Grove (AL Leader; 2.70).
 * 1936: Lefty Grove (AL Leader; 2.81).
 * 1938: Lefty Grove (AL Leader; 3.08).
 * 1939: Lefty Grove (AL Leader; 2.54).
 * 1972: Luis Tiant (MLB Leader; 1.91).
 * 1986: Roger Clemens (AL Leader; 2.48).
 * 1990: Roger Clemens (MLB Leader; 1.93).
 * 1991: Roger Clemens (AL Leader; 2.62).
 * 1992: Roger Clemens (AL Leader; 2.41).
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (MLB Leader; 2.07).
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez (MLB Leader; 1.74).
 * 2002: Pedro Martínez (MLB Leader; 2.26).
 * 2003: Pedro Martínez (MLB Leader; 2.22).

 * WHIP Leaders
 * 1901: Cy Young (0.97) (MLB Leader).
 * 1904: Cy Young (0.94) (MLB Leader).
 * 1905: Cy Young (0.87) (MLB Leader).
 * 1907: Cy Young (0.98) (AL Leader).
 * 1914: Dutch Leonard (0.89) (MLB Leader).
 * 1935: Lefty Grove (1.22) (AL Leader).
 * 1936: Lefty Grove (1.19) (AL Leader).
 * 1944: Tex Hughson (1.05) (MLB Leader).
 * 1957: Frank Sullivan (1.06) (MLB Leader).
 * 1973: Luis Tiant (1.08) (AL Leader).
 * 1986: Roger Clemens (0.97) (AL Leader).
 * 1992: Roger Clemens (1.07) (AL Leader).
 * 1999: Pedro Martínez (0.92) (MLB Leader).
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez (0.74) (MLB Leader).
 * 2002: Pedro Martínez (0.92) (MLB Leader).
 * 2003: Pedro Martínez (1.04) (AL Leader).

 * Shutout Leaders
 * 1901: Cy Young (5) (AL Leader).
 * 1903: Cy Young (7) (MLB Leader).
 * 1904: Cy Young (10) (MLB Leader).
 * 1912: "Smoky Joe" Wood (10) (MLB Leader).
 * 1916: Babe Ruth (9) (AL Leader).
 * 1917: Carl Mays (8) (MLB Leader).
 * 1921: "Sad Sam" Jones (5) (MLB Leader).
 * 1929: Danny MacFayden (4) (AL Leader).
 * 1936: Lefty Grove (6) (MLB Leader).
 * 1949: Ellis Kinder (6) (MLB Leader).
 * 1974: Luis Tiant (7) (MLB Leader).
 * 1984: Bob Ojeda (5) (MLB Leader).
 * 1987: Roger Clemens (7) (MLB Leader).
 * 1988: Roger Clemens (8) (MLB Leader).
 * 1990: Roger Clemens (4) (MLB Leader).
 * 1991: Roger Clemens (4) (AL Leader).
 * 1992: Roger Clemens (5) (MLB Leader).
 * 2000: Pedro Martínez (4) (MLB Leader).
 * 2008: Jon Lester (2) (AL Leader).
 * 2022: Nathan Eovaldi (1) (MLB Leader).

Hitters

 * Batting champions
 * 1938: Jimmie Foxx (.349) (MLB Leader).
 * 1941: Ted Williams (.406) (MLB Leader).
 * 1942: Ted Williams (.356) (MLB Leader).
 * 1947: Ted Williams (.343) (AL Leader; 2nd in MLB).
 * 1948: Ted Williams (.369) (AL).
 * 1950: Billy Goodman (.354) (MLB).
 * 1957: Ted Williams (.388) (MLB).
 * 1958: Ted Williams (.328) (AL).
 * 1960: Pete Runnels (.320) (AL).
 * 1962: Pete Runnels (.326) (AL).
 * 1963: Carl Yastrzemski (.321) (AL).
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski (.326) (AL).
 * 1968: Carl Yastrzemski (.301) (AL).
 * 1979: Fred Lynn (.333) (AL).
 * 1981: Carney Lansford (.336) (AL).
 * 1983: Wade Boggs (.361) (MLB).
 * 1985: Wade Boggs (.368) (MLB).
 * 1986: Wade Boggs (.357) (MLB).
 * 1987: Wade Boggs (.363) (AL).
 * 1988: Wade Boggs (.366) (MLB).
 * 1999: Nomar Garciaparra (.357) (AL).
 * 2000: Nomar Garciaparra (.372) (AL).
 * 2002: Manny Ramírez (.349) (AL).
 * 2003: Bill Mueller (.326) (AL).
 * 2018: Mookie Betts (.346) (MLB).

 * Home run leaders
 * 1910: Jake Stahl (10) (MLB Leader).
 * 1918: Babe Ruth (11) (MLB Leader).
 * 1919: Babe Ruth (29) (MLB Leader).
 * 1939: Jimmie Foxx (35) (MLB Leader).
 * 1941: Ted Williams (37) (MLB Leader).
 * 1942: Ted Williams (36) (MLB Leader).
 * 1947: Ted Williams (32) (AL Leader).
 * 1949: Ted Williams (43) (AL Leader).
 * 1965: Tony Conigliaro (32) (AL Leader).
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski (44) (MLB Leader).
 * 1977: Jim Rice (39) (AL Leader).
 * 1978: Jim Rice (46) (MLB Leader).
 * 1981: Dwight Evans (22) (AL Leader).
 * 1983: Jim Rice (39) (AL Leader).
 * 1984: Tony Armas (43) (MLB Leader).
 * 2004: Manny Ramírez (43) (AL Leader).
 * 2006: David Ortiz (54) (AL Leader).

 * Triples Leaders
 * 1904: Buck Freeman and Chick Stahl (19) (MLB Leaders).
 * 1950: Dom DiMaggio and Bobby Doerr (11) (AL Leaders).
 * 1956: Jackie Jensen (11) (AL Leader).
 * 1972: Carlton Fisk (9) (AL Leader).
 * 1978: Jim Rice (15) (MLB Leader).
 * 1997: Nomar Garciaparra (11) (AL Leader).
 * 2002: Johnny Damon (11) (MLB Leader).
 * 2009: Jacoby Ellsbury (10) (AL Leader).

 * Doubles Leaders
 * 1912: Tris Speaker (53) (MLB Leader).
 * 1914: Tris Speaker (46) (MLB Leader).
 * 1931: Earl Webb (67) (MLB Leader).
 * 1938: Joe Cronin (51) (MLB Leader).
 * 1948: Ted Williams (44) (AL Leader).
 * 1949: Ted Williams (39) (AL Leader).
 * 1956: Jimmy Piersall (40) (MLB Leader).
 * 1963: Carl Yastrzemski (40) (AL Leader).
 * 1965: Carl Yastrzemski (45) (MLB Leader).
 * 1966: Carl Yastrzemski (39) (AL Leader).
 * 1968: Reggie Smith (37) (AL Leader).
 * 1971: Reggie Smith (33) (AL Leader).
 * 1975: Fred Lynn (47) (MLB Leader).
 * 1988: Wade Boggs (45) (MLB Leader).
 * 1989: Wade Boggs (51) (MLB Leader).
 * 1990: Jody Reed (45) (MLB Leader).
 * 1997: John Valentin (47) (AL Leader).
 * 2002: Nomar Garciaparra (56) (MLB Leader).
 * 2008: Dustin Pedroia (54) (MLB Leader).
 * 2010: Adrián Beltré (49) (MLB Leader).
 * 2016: David Ortiz (48) (MLB Leader).
 * 2019: Rafael Devers (54) (AL Leader).
 * 2021: J. D. Martinez (42) (MLB Leader).

 * Hits Leaders
 * 1903: Patsy Dougherty (195) (AL Leader).
 * 1914: Tris Speaker (193) (AL Leader).
 * 1938: Joe Vosmik (201) (AL Leader).
 * 1940: Doc Cramer (200) (MLB Leader).
 * 1942: Johnny Pesky (205) (MLB Leader).
 * 1946: Johnny Pesky (208) (AL Leader).
 * 1947: Johnny Pesky (207) (MLB Leader).
 * 1963: Carl Yastrzemski (183) (AL Leader).
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski (189) (AL Leader).
 * 1978: Jim Rice (213) (MLB Leader).
 * 1985: Wade Boggs (240) (MLB Leader).
 * 1997: Nomar Garciaparra (209) (AL Leader).
 * 2008: Dustin Pedroia (213) (MLB Leader).
 * 2011: Adrián González (213) (MLB Leader).

 * RBI leaders
 * 1902: Buck Freeman (121) (MLB Leader).
 * 1903: Buck Freeman (104) (MLB Leader).
 * 1919: Babe Ruth (114) (MLB Leader).
 * 1938: Jimmie Foxx (175) (MLB Leader).
 * 1939: Ted Williams (145) (MLB Leader).
 * 1942: Ted Williams (137) (MLB Leader).
 * 1947: Ted Williams (114) (AL Leader).
 * 1949: Vern Stephens and Ted Williams (159) (MLB Leader).
 * 1950: Walt Dropo and Vern Stephens (144) (MLB Leader).
 * 1955: Jackie Jensen (116) (AL Leader).
 * 1958: Jackie Jensen (122) (AL Leader).
 * 1959: Jackie Jensen (112) (AL Leader).
 * 1963: Dick Stuart (118) (AL Leader).
 * 1967: Carl Yastrzemski (121) (MLB Leader).
 * 1968: Ken Harrelson (109) (MLB Leader).
 * 1978: Jim Rice (139) (MLB Leader).
 * 1983: Jim Rice (126) (MLB Leader).
 * 1984: Tony Armas (123) (MLB Leader).
 * 1995: Mo Vaughn (126) (AL Leader).
 * 2005: David Ortiz (148) (MLB Leader).
 * 2006: David Ortiz (137) (AL Leader).
 * 2016: David Ortiz (127) (AL Leader).
 * 2018: J.D. Martinez (130) (MLB Leader).

title: List of Boston Red Sox award winners


text:
43 Squadron

43 Squadron or 43rd Squadron may refer to:

 * No. 43 Squadron RAAF, a unit of the Royal Australian Air Force
 * No. 43 Squadron RAF, a unit of the United Kingdom Royal Air Force
 * 43d Fighter Squadron, a unit of the United States Air Force
 * 43d Flying Training Squadron, a unit of the United States Air Force
 * 43d Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron, a unit of the United States Air Force

title: 43 Squadron


text:
Simon I

Simon I may refer to:

 * Simon I (High Priest) (310–291 or 300–270 BCE)
 * Simon I de Montfort (1025–1087)
 * Simon I de Senlis, Earl of Huntingdon-Northampton (died c. 1111)
 * Simon I, Duke of Lorraine (1076–1138)
 * Simon I, Count of Saarbrücken (died >1183)
 * Simon I, Count of Tecklenburg (c. 1140–1202)
 * Simon I, Count of Sponheim-Kreuznach (1210/15–1264)
 * Simon I of Isenburg-Kempenich, Lord of Isenburg-Kempenich from 1329 until 1341
 * Simon I, Lord of Lippe (c. 1261–1344)
 * Simon I of Kartli (1537–1611)

title: Simon I


text:
Reporter of decisions

The Reporter of Decisions (sometimes known by other titles, such as Official Reporter or State Reporter) is the official responsible for publishing the decisions of a court. Traditionally, the decisions were published in books known as case reporters or law reports. In recent years, the reporter's duties have been broadened in many jurisdictions to include publication through electronic media.

In the United States, the most prominent Reporter of Decisions is the Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States, an officer of the Supreme Court of the United States, responsible for reporting the decisions of that court in the official report volumes, known as the United States Reports. In contrast, the United States courts of appeals have not historically appointed official reporters of decisions, relying instead on the private company West Publishing to report appellate decisions in its Federal Reporter series.

In many jurisdictions, older collections of case reports are known by the name of the reporter who served during the time when they were collected.

title: Reporter of decisions


text:
Talk:Riot

Town and gown
can someone explain what Town and Gown has to do with riots? its linked on the bottom. JoshDinger 00:40, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

I removed the Town and Gown link. It seem irrelavent. Does anyone disagree?--Blackmage337 20:04, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

There were famous riots in Oxford twixt students and townsfolk in the 16th And 17th centuries. This is probably part of what that referred to.Jatrius (talk) 13:51, 10 August 2011 (UTC)

Cronulla riots
How were the Cronulla riots not mostly or even entirely racially motivated? This needs to be expanded and explained, or the reference removed.--JackSlack 23:52, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

The police typically use non-lethal weapons is POV?
"The police typically use non-lethal weapons" I think this is highly inaccurate as in many cases the use of so-called non-lethal weapons has resulted in fatalities of rioters or people involved even in a non violent demonstration (march etc) (i think rubber bullets are not strictly non-lethal!). Eg during protests demonstrations and riots against the 1968 Olympic Games of Mexico more than 200 people were killed in Mexico City alone(Tlatelolco Massacre), this cannot be considered collateral damage. I don't think it's about each one's political view, riots do occur due to social disaccord, opression and poverty, so the article indeed needs to be expanded.

 * Some non-lethal weapons have ranges, in which they are lethal Talk User:Fissionfox 09:09, 31 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually the correct term is "less-lethal" weapons. 198.35.1.230 14:56, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Counter-demonstration
why does "counter-demonstration" link here? if nobody objects I will create a section under the main Demonstration article and change the redirect to there, tho mentioning that clashes between demonstrators and counter-demonstrators are often the cause of riots. --Black Butterfly 20:43, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

Major changes
Have re-written large parts of the article. Some things to bear in mind:

 * Wikipedia is NOT the place for discussion of the role of the police with regards to anything other than riots. statements such as "the police, in their role protecting private property / citizens' rights" (I forget specific text) are not useful
 * Nor is it a battleground on whether police actions during riots are justified. present information, do not judge.
 * Nor is this article a place to archive racial and religious conflict in South Asia.

I have re-written large parts of the intro in accordance with the first two points, and removed part of the list of riots with regard to the last (have retained the section but removed most entries - please don't read anything into what entries were removed and which were kept, it was largely random).

Hopefully this should go some way towards improving the status of this article. --Black Butterfly 20:07, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Yeah, the countering riot police part seems like more of a guide on how to do it.
 * You probably should rid of that

 * Have moved the content into the police response section as it seemed more appropriate there; also re-worded parts of it.
 * In future, if you want an article editing, please do it yourself - that's what makes wikipedia work :). --Black Butterfly 12:37, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Suggestion
I think this article could do with short descriptions of a few notable riots, maybe comprising a paragraph or two. Separate sections by locality seems a little like overkill. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mohanchous (talk • contribs) 13:01, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

What about "IMF riots" or "hunger riots"?
In the list of riot classifications i missed the IMF riots, typically caused around the world by price hikes in food and/or power. Just like the soccer riots mentioned these have a common cause and could earn a separate mention. Note that the french revolution started with the like. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.178.81.252 (talk) 01:12, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Merger
An editor has proposed that Student riot be merged here. Beeblbrox (talk) 20:03, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The stated reason is "I suggest to either make this page meaningful or delete it, or merge the informational part into "riot". It is at best a stub."Beeblbrox (talk) 20:07, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

I am not sure if being a stub is a reason for merger. I suggest for the article to be expanded, not merged! --SasiSasi (talk) 21:00, 5 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I am inclined to agree with you, I only put the tag on the article on another editor's behalf, but they haven't dropped by to offer a more explicit opinion, so let's forget the merger. Beeblbrox (talk) 22:07, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

List of notable riots
There are already a lot of articles relating to riots, hence its probably best if this article summarises and refers to the other relevant main articles. The region/country section should not be just a list of riots (then it becomes a list of notable riots), but a summary/overview (more like the US section, less like the Asia section right now). --SasiSasi (talk) 10:08, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

AfD
The article entitled Timeline of riots and civil unrest in Calgary, Alberta is in the midst of an AfD. • Freechild   'sup?   06:17, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Off topic
Why in category off topic. riot is of great importance in most societys, when it does occur.Kesaloma (talk) 13:17, 6 January 2009 (UTC)

Why do riots happen?
This is an important topic that I'm sure has been covered extensively by social psychologists and the like. Desperately in need of a section on Causes. One suggestion - don't just use modern social psychology, also use reasons from other traditions, maybe at least in some historical context, like what have been the explanations for rioting before, and how was it prevented and such... NittyG (talk) 17:52, 28 February 2009 (UTC)
 * I would like to see this as well. Sephiroth storm (talk) 14:00, 12 April 2011 (UTC)

Category:Riots vs. Category:Riots by type
Category:Riots by type is itself a category within Category:Riots. — Robert Greer (talk) 14:25, 10 September 2009 (UTC)

Off topic
Wikipedia is not a place to argue that the media should be calling Occupy Wallstreet a riot. Removed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.176.250.37 (talk) 05:08, 3 December 2012 (UTC)
 * According to the article history, there were three attempts to remove the paragraph in question, all of which were reverted. I can't wrap my head around that. I'm sorry, but Occupy Wall Street is not a riot by the definition in the article's lede, it's not a riot by its description in its own article, and it's not a riot by any sane person's understanding of the word. The paragraph was off topic. Deleted again. --Aurochs (Talk | Block)

Riot as legal definition
I'm surprised that there's no mention of riot as a criminal offence. All societies throughout history have had riotous behaviour, but the 19th century definition of riot as a specific offence has led to our modern concept of a riot and rioting.Gymnophoria (talk) 17:47, 7 January 2013 (UTC)
 * I'm not quite clear on what you're asking. The article already includes the legal definitions of rioting in two countries. Are you talking about the history of such laws? The history of rioting in general? --Aurochs (Talk | Block) 22:09, 7 January 2013 (UTC)

AfD at Definitions of Pogrom
Hi everyone, we'd be grateful for your thoughts at Articles for deletion/Definitions of Pogrom. Oncenawhile (talk) 18:40, 4 March 2013 (UTC)

Proposal to categorize riots under protests
Please see Category_talk:Riots. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 08:11, 28 May 2013 (UTC)

Anti-Trump riots
Many anti-Trump protests have lead to riots. So what's the big deal, Mx. Granger? TheBD2000 (talk) 21:37, 26 February 2017 (UTC)

 * While there have been a few incidents of rioting, the anti-Trump protests have by and large been peaceful, as is evident from the article Protests against Donald Trump. Including it as a "see also" link here is a clear attempt to push a non-neutral POV. —Granger (talk · contribs) 22:20, 26 February 2017 (UTC)

 * While that may have been the case in 2017, it most certainly is not the case today, is it? I think TheBD2000's post may have been three years ahead of its time!Clepsydrae (talk) 22:05, 28 July 2020 (UTC)

No section about Hong Kong?
129.97.124.62 (talk) 00:34, 6 September 2019 (UTC)

I'll leave this here
I plan on doing some work here. I'm using this link

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2018/02/05/why-do-fans-riot-after-a-win-the-science-behind-philadelphias-super-bowl-chaos/ DaltoUprising (talk) 16:26, 21 June 2020 (UTC)

Violence
Not everyone agrees with vandalism being violence against buildings. Frenzyface (talk) 10:15, 15 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Unless enough people can convince Congress to change federal law, it's irrelevant what they believe. Commensurate with Article. IV. Section. 4. of the Constitution for the United States of America, we're a Republic, whereas the word "democracy" isn't mentioned once.  Federal law defines violence as follows:  "18 U.S. Code § 16. Crime of violence defined.   The term “crime of violence” means—(a) an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person OR PROPERTY of another, or (b) any other offense that is a felony and that, by its nature, involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person OR PROPERTY of another may be used in the course of committing the offense."  Thus, any force used against -- yes, a building -- is violence.Clepsydrae (talk) 22:13, 28 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Yeah... Violence is negative behaviour. Bonthefox3 (talk) 08:47, 17 November 2023 (UTC)

"Mostly peaceful protest" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Mostly peaceful protest. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 September 26 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. signed,Rosguill talk 18:21, 26 September 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Riot


text:
United Future (disambiguation)

United Future is a New Zealand political party.

United Future may also refer to:
 * United Future Organization (UFO), a nu-jazz group
 * United Future of Democracy, a Kosovo political party, see List of political parties in Kosovo
 * People Power Party (South Korea), a South Korean political party that was formerly named the United Future Party

title: United Future (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Monash University

Update mentions of Berwick campus
I'm a representative of Monash University and would like to submit for consideration three updates to our main Wikipedia entry and campus entries following the official close of the Berwick campus. See:

1. Could I ask that the Monash University page and the Berwick campus page be changed to reflect that this is no longer a Monash campus. Federation University has taken ownership of the campus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University#Berwick_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Berwick_campus

2. The Monash University template appearing at the bottom on multiple campus pages also includes Berwick campus. Could this be updated to remove Berwick as a campus? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Berwick_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Caulfield_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Clayton_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IITB-Monash_Research_Academy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Parkville_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Peninsula_campus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Prato_Centre

3. As a result of the close of the Monash University Berwick campus, could we request that on the Peninsula campus page the text "The Peninsula campus of Monash University is Monash's fifth-largest campus" be changed to "...is Monash's fourth-largest campus"? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monash_University,_Peninsula_campus

Thank you for your consideration.

Ddgbrown (talk) 23:28, 21 February 2018 (UTC)

Incorrect admissions section
"For international applicants, however, the entry standards are lower, with many enrolled students having very poor English,[70][71][72] and international students compose 39% of the university's student body."

Citations 70 and 71 refer to Australian universities in general and do not specifically mention Monash university. Citation 72 also does not state or infer specifically to Monash university's supposed low standards, rather it has a quotation from a Monash professor talking about international students in general.

This part should be removed as it is not specific to Monash university. It should be moved to the "Tertiary education in Australia" page (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_education_in_Australia) Aqaz110 (talk) 01:10, 14 November 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 02:06, 21 November 2022 (UTC)
 * 1958 Monash University, Interim Council.jpg

Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 14:23, 21 November 2022 (UTC)
 * 1962 - Deakin Hall, Monash University - The J.A. McDonell Room Dining Hall.jpg
 * Mannix College, Monash university 1969.jpg

title: Talk:Monash University


text:
Pierre Gouthière

Pierre Gouthière (1732–1813) was a French metal worker. He was born at Bar-sur-Aube and went to Paris at an early age as the pupil of Martin Cour. During his brilliant career he executed a vast quantity of metal work of the utmost variety, the best of which was unsurpassed by any of his rivals in that great art period. It was long believed that he received many commissions for furniture from the court of Louis XVI, and especially from Marie Antoinette, but recent searches suggest that his work for the queen was confined to bronzes. Gouthière can, however, well bear this loss, nor will his reputation suffer should those critics ultimately be justified who believe that many of the furniture mounts attributed to him were from the hand of Thomire. But if he did not work for the court he unquestionably produced many of the most splendid belongings of the duc d'Aumont, the duchesse de Mazarin and Madame du Barry. Indeed, the custom of the beautiful mistress of Louis XV brought about the financial ruin of the great artist, who accomplished more than any other man for the fame of her château of Louveciennes.

When the collection of the duc d'Aumont was sold by auction in Paris in 1782 so many objects niounted by Gouthière were bought for Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette that it is not difficult to perceive the basis of the belief that they were actually made for the court. The duc's sale catalogue is, however, in existence, with the names of the purchasers and the prices realized. The auction was almost an apotheosis of Gouthière. The precious lacquer cabinets, the chandeliers and candelabra, the tables and cabinets in marquetry, the columns and vases in porphyry, jasper and choice marbles, the porcelains of China and Japan were nearly all mounted in bronze by him. More than fifty of these pieces bore Gouthière's signature.

The duc d'Aumont's cabinet represented the high-water mark of the chasers art, and the great prices which were paid for Gouthière's work at this sale are the most conclusive criterion of the value set upon his achievement in his own day. Thus Marie Antoinette paid 12,000 livres for a red jasper bowl or brle-parfums mounted by him, which was then already famous. Curiously enough it commanded only one-tenth of that price at the Fournier sale in 1831; but in 1865, when the marquis of Hertford bought it at the prince de Beauvais's sale, it fetched 31,900 francs. It is now in the Wallace Collection, which contains the finest and most representative gathering of Gouthière's undoubted work. The mounts of gilt bronze, cast and elaborately chased, show satyr's heads, from which hang festoons of vine leaves, while within the feet a serpent is coiled to spring.

A smaller cup is one of the treasures of the Louvre. There too is a bronze clock, signed by Gouthière, cizileur et doreur du Roy a Paris, dated 1771, with a river god, a water nymph symbolizing the Rhne and its tributary the Durance, and a female figure typifying the city of Avignon. Not all of Gouthière's work is of the highest quality, and much of what he executed was from the designs of others. At his best his delicacy, refinement and finish are exceedingly delightfulin his great moments he ranks with the highest alike as artist and as craftsman. The tone of soft dead gold which is found on some of his mounts he is believed to have invented, but indeed the gilding of all his superlative work possesses a remarkable quality. This charm of tone is admirably seen in the bronzes and candelabra which he executed for the chimney-piece of Marie Antoinette's boudoir at Fontainebleau.

He continued to embellish Louveciennes for Madame du Barry until the Revolution, and then the guillotine came for her and absolute ruin for him. When her property was seized she owed him 756,000 livres, of which he never received a sol, despite repeated applications to the administrators. "Réduit a solliciter une place à l'hospice, il mourut dans la misére." So it was stated in a lawsuit brought by his sons against du Barry's heirs.

title: Pierre Gouthière