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User talk:Genuinejake

Welcome! Thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia (I'm especially pleased to see someone interested in Clean Elections!). You can find out more about Wikipedia and its policies at Welcome, newcomers. You might especially want to check out Neutral point of view and Manual of style (some of your contributions haven't quite conformed to those). RadicalSubversiv E 01:58, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Greetings
Dear RadicalSubversive,

Thanks for your input. I appreciate the encouragement. Fifteen-hundred entries is quite an extensive accomplishment. Kudos!

I would like to know if you could offer me more advice on incorporating pictures into this website. I seem to not be able to grasp what the Wiki tutorial is explaining. It seems I need it in plain English! Thanks.

GenuineJake

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Genuinejake


text:
Talk:Frenular delta

Please do remove the photo if You find it not relevant. I'll try to find a non-copyrighted line drawing version soon if possible.

Because there is no drawing, or photo on this page, I will add a picture, if anyone disagrees, discuss it on this talk page. Nikon307 06:26, 10 June 2007 (UTC)

 * The fotos are relevant, offering important information. 79.251.70.162 (talk) 01:44, 6 May 2017 (UTC)

Then why is it removed
All of this is evidence against circumcision. Why can't we talk about this? 71.173.155.72 (talk) 02:41, 20 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Frenular delta


text: File:SaintGetaway.jpg

title: File:SaintGetaway.jpg


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Pipeline (computing)

In computing, a pipeline, also known as a data pipeline, is a set of data processing elements connected in series, where the output of one element is the input of the next one. The elements of a pipeline are often executed in parallel or in time-sliced fashion. Some amount of buffer storage is often inserted between elements.

Computer-related pipelines include:
 * Instruction pipelines, such as the classic RISC pipeline, which are used in central processing units (CPUs) and other microprocessors to allow overlapping execution of multiple instructions with the same circuitry. The circuitry is usually divided up into stages and each stage processes a specific part of one instruction at a time, passing the partial results to the next stage. Examples of stages are instruction decode, arithmetic/logic and register fetch. They are related to the technologies of superscalar execution, operand forwarding, speculative execution and out-of-order execution.
 * Graphics pipelines, found in most graphics processing units (GPUs), which consist of multiple arithmetic units, or complete CPUs, that implement the various stages of common rendering operations (perspective projection, window clipping, color and light calculation, rendering, etc.).
 * Software pipelines, which consist of a sequence of computing processes (commands, program runs, tasks, threads, procedures, etc.), conceptually executed in parallel, with the output stream of one process being automatically fed as the input stream of the next one. The Unix system call pipe is a classic example of this concept.
 * HTTP pipelining, the technique of issuing multiple HTTP requests through the same TCP connection, without waiting for the previous one to finish before issuing a new one.
 * DevOps pipeline, the often automated processing sequence to marshal software code through testing to deployment.

Some operating systems may provide UNIX-like syntax to string several program runs in a pipeline, but implement the latter as simple serial execution, rather than true pipelining—namely, by waiting for each program to finish before starting the next one.

Concept and motivation
Pipelining is a commonly used concept in everyday life. For example, in the assembly line of a car factory, each specific task—such as installing the engine, installing the hood, and installing the wheels—is often done by a separate work station. The stations carry out their tasks in parallel, each on a different car. Once a car has had one task performed, it moves to the next station. Variations in the time needed to complete the tasks can be accommodated by "buffering" (holding one or more cars in a space between the stations) and/or by "stalling" (temporarily halting the upstream stations), until the next station becomes available.

Suppose that assembling one car requires three tasks that take 20, 10, and 15 minutes, respectively. Then, if all three tasks were performed by a single station, the factory would output one car every 45 minutes. By using a pipeline of three stations, the factory would output the first car in 45 minutes, and then a new one every 20 minutes.

As this example shows, pipelining does not decrease the latency, that is, the total time for one item to go through the whole system. It does however increase the system's throughput, that is, the rate at which new items are processed after the first one.

Balancing the stages
Since the throughput of a pipeline cannot be better than that of its slowest element, the designer should try to divide the work and resources among the stages so that they all take the same time to complete their tasks. In the car assembly example above, if the three tasks took 15 minutes each, instead of 20, 10, and 15 minutes, the latency would still be 45 minutes, but a new car would then be finished every 15 minutes, instead of 20.

Buffering
Under ideal circumstances, if all processing elements are synchronized and take the same amount of time to process, then each item can be received by each element just as it is released by the previous one, in a single clock cycle. That way, the items will flow through the pipeline at a constant speed, like waves in a water channel. In such "wave pipelines", no synchronization or buffering is needed between the stages, besides the storage needed for the data items.

More generally, buffering between the pipeline stages is necessary when the processing times are irregular, or when items may be created or destroyed along the pipeline. For example, in a graphics pipeline that processes triangles to be rendered on the screen, an element that checks the visibility of each triangle may discard the triangle if it is invisible, or may output two or more triangular pieces of the element if they are partly hidden. Buffering is also needed to accommodate irregularities in the rates at which the application feeds items to the first stage and consumes the output of the last one.

The buffer between two stages may be simply a hardware register with suitable synchronization and signalling logic between the two stages. When a stage A stores a data item in the register, it sends a "data available" signal to the next stage B. Once B has used that data, it responds with a "data received" signal to A. Stage A halts, waiting for this signal, before storing the next data item into the register. Stage B halts, waiting for the "data available" signal, if it is ready to process the next item but stage A has not provided it yet.

If the processing times of an element are variable, the whole pipeline may often have to stop, waiting for that element and all the previous ones to consume the items in their input buffers. The frequency of such pipeline stalls can be reduced by providing space for more than one item in the input buffer of that stage. Such a multiple-item buffer is usually implemented as a first-in, first-out queue. The upstream stage may still have to be halted when the queue gets full, but the frequency of those events will decrease as more buffer slots are provided. Queueing theory can tell the number of buffer slots needed, depending on the variability of the processing times and on the desired performance.

Nonlinear pipelines
If some stage takes (or may take) much longer than the others, and cannot be speed up, the designer can provide two or more processing elements to carry out that task in parallel, with a single input buffer and a single output buffer. As each element finishes processing its current data item, it delivers it to the common output buffer, and takes the next data item from the common input buffer. This concept of "non-linear" or "dynamic" pipeline is exemplified by shops or banks that have two or more cashiers serving clients from a single waiting queue.

Dependencies between items
In some applications, the processing of an item Y by a stage A may depend on the results or effect of processing a previous item X by some later stage B of the pipeline. In that case, stage A cannot correctly process item Y until item X has cleared stage B.

This situation occurs very often in instruction pipelines. For example, suppose that Y is an arithmetic instruction that reads the contents of a register that was supposed to have been modified by an earlier instruction X. Let A be the stage that fetches the instruction operands, and B be the stage that writes the result to the specified register. If stage A tries to process instruction Y before instruction X reaches stage B, the register may still contain the old value, and the effect of Y would be incorrect.

In order to handle such conflicts correctly, the pipeline must be provided with extra circuitry or logic that detects them and takes the appropriate action. Strategies for doing so include:
 * Stalling: Every affected stage, such as A, is halted until the dependency is resolved—that is, until the required information is available and/or the required state has been achieved.
 * Reordering items: Instead of stalling, stage A may put item Y aside and look for any subsequent item Z in its input stream that does not have any dependencies pending with any earlier item. In instruction pipelines, this technique is called out-of-order execution.
 * Guess and backtrack: One important example of item-to-item dependency is the handling of a conditional branch instruction X by an instruction pipeline. The first stage A of the pipeline, that fetches the next instruction Y to be executed, cannot perform its task until X has fetched its operand and determined whether the branch is to be taken or not. That may take many clock cycles, since the operand of X may in turn depend on previous instructions that fetch data from main memory.
 * Rather than halt while waiting for X to be finished, stage A may guess whether the branch will be taken or not, and fetch the next instruction Y based on that guess. If the guess later turns out to be incorrect (hopefully rarely), the system would have to backtrack and resume with the correct choice. Namely, all the changes that were made to the machine's state by stage A and subsequent stages based on that guess would have to be undone, the instructions following X already in the pipeline would have to be flushed, and stage A would have to restart with the correct instruction pointer. This branch prediction strategy is a special case of speculative execution.

Typical software implementations
To be effectively implemented, data pipelines need a CPU scheduling strategy to dispatch work to the available CPU cores, and the usage of data structures on which the pipeline stages will operate on. For example, UNIX derivatives may pipeline commands connecting various processes' standard IO, using the pipes implemented by the operating system.

Lower level approaches may rely on the threads provided by the operating system to schedule work on the stages: both thread pool-based implementations or on a one-thread-per-stage are viable, and exist.

Other strategies relying on cooperative multitasking exist, that do not need multiple threads of execution and hence additional CPU cores, such as using a round-robin scheduler with a coroutine-based framework. In this context, each stage may be instantiated with its own coroutine, yielding control back to the scheduler after finishing its round task. This approach may need careful control over the process' stages to avoid them abuse their time slice.

Costs and drawbacks
A pipelined system typically requires more resources (circuit elements, processing units, computer memory, etc.) than one that executes one batch at a time, because its stages cannot share those resources, and because buffering and additional synchronization logic may be needed between the elements.

Moreover, the transfer of items between separate processing elements may increase the latency, especially for long pipelines.

The additional complexity cost of pipelining may be considerable if there are dependencies between the processing of different items, especially if a guess-and-backtrack strategy is used to handle them. Indeed, the cost of implementing that strategy for complex instruction sets has motivated some radical proposals to simplify computer architecture, such as RISC and VLIW. Compilers also have been burdened with the task of rearranging the machine instructions so as to improve the performance of instruction pipelines.

New technologies
It's true that in recent years the demands on applications and their underlying hardware have been significant. For example, building pipelines with single node applications that trawl through the data row by row is no longer feasible with the volume and variety of big data. However, with the advent of data analytics engines such as Hadoop, or more recently Apache Spark, it's been possible to distribute large datasets across multiple processing nodes, allowing applications to reach heights of efficiency several hundred times greater than was thought possible before. The effect of this today is that even a mid-level PC using distributed processing in this fashion can handle the building and running of big data pipelines.

title: Pipeline (computing)


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The Story of Art

The Story of Art, by E. H. Gombrich, is a survey of the history of art from ancient times to the modern era.

First published in 1950 by Phaidon, the book is widely regarded both as a seminal work of criticism and as one of the most accessible introductions to the visual arts. It was originally intended for younger readers. Over eight million copies have been sold, and it has been translated into more than 30 languages. As of 2022, The Story of Art is in its 16th edition.

Background
Art historian Ernst Gombrich had experience with book production before The Story of Art. He collaborated with Ernst Kris on an unpublished book on the history of caricature and published his first book on the history of the world for children in 1936. That same year, Gombrich relocated to London from Vienna for a job synthesizing the late Aby Warburg’s notes for publication at the Warburg Institute. However, with the rise of the Second World War, Gombrich was sent to work as a broadcast translator at a BBC listening post in Evesham. There, he met Béla Horovitz, founder of Phaidon Press, who was lacking materials to publish due to the war and was in search of new material. Gombrich, having already written a few chapters of an art history book for children while in Vienna, offered the work and was given an advance for the work that became The Story of Art, first published by Phaidon in 1950.

Summary
The book is divided into a preface, introduction, and 27 chapters that each deal with art within a defined time period and geographical context. A 28th chapter summarizes the latest developments in visual arts.

The chapters in the 15th edition are listed as follows:

 * 1) "Strange beginnings: Prehistoric and primitive peoples; Ancient America"
 * 2) "Art for eternity: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Crete"
 * 3) "The great awakening: Greece, seventh to fifth century BC"
 * 4) "The realm of beauty: Greece and the Greek world, fourth century BC to first century AD"
 * 5) "World conquerors: Romans, Buddhists, Jews and Christians, first to fourth century AD"
 * 6) "A parting of ways: Rome and Byzantium, fifth to thirteenth century"
 * 7) "Looking eastwards: Islam, China, second to thirteenth century"
 * 8) "Western art in the melting pot: Europe, sixth to eleventh century"
 * 9) "The Church militant: The twelfth century"
 * 10) "The Church triumphant: The thirteenth century"
 * 11) "Courtiers and burghers: The fourteenth century"
 * 12) "The conquest of reality: The early fifteenth century"
 * 13) "Tradition and innovation: The later fifteenth century in Italy"
 * 14) "Tradition and innovation: The fifteenth century in the North"
 * 15) "Harmony attained: Tuscany and Rome, early sixteenth century"
 * 16) "Light and colour: Venice and northern Italy, early sixteenth century"
 * 17) "The new learning spreads: Germany and the Netherlands, early sixteenth century"
 * 18) "A crisis of art: Europe, later sixteenth century"
 * 19) "Vision and visions: Catholic Europe, first half of the seventeenth century"
 * 20) "The mirror of nature: Holland, seventeenth century"
 * 21) "Power and glory: Italy, later seventeenth and eighteenth centuries"
 * 22) "Power and glory: France, Germany and Austria, late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries"
 * 23) "The age of reason: England and France, eighteenth century"
 * 24) "The break in tradition: England, America, and France, late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries"
 * 25) "Permanent revolution: The nineteenth century"
 * 26) "In search of new standards: The late nineteenth century"
 * 27) "Experimental art: The first half of the twentieth century"
 * 28) "A story without end: The triumph of Modernism / An altered mood / The changing past"

Each chapter discusses a selection of works from the defined period, and all of the works discussed are accompanied by illustrations. More than half of the book's pages are devoted to color photographs of paintings, drawings, architecture and sculptures. In the preface, Gombrich explains that it has been his intention not to mention any work of art that he could not also include as an illustration.

Style
The Story of Art is often described as a work that provides an accessible introduction to the subject of art history. Art historian T.S.R. Boase, in The Times Literary Supplement, observed that Gombrich “writes conversationally and intimately." Gombrich himself notes in the preface of the book that he intends to use “plain language” and to minimize “the art historian’s conventional terms."

Reception
First published by Phaidon Press in 1950 and in its 16th edition as of 2022, The Story of Art has been a global bestseller with more than 8 million copies sold and translated into more than 30 languages. It is included in Time magazine’s list of 100 best nonfiction books of all time. The first two sentences of the book have become famous: ″There really is no such thing as Art. There are only artists.″ Gombrich later elaborated on this statement by saying that he defines "art" based on its Latin root, meaning "skill," and that there is "no disembodied skill."

Upon its release, The Story of Art was noted for its pedagogical potential despite Gombrich’s intentions of producing a pleasure read for teenagers. Artist and art history professor H. W. Janson, reviewing the book for College Art Journal, remarked it was “undoubtedly destined for a most successful career in the classroom.” He praised the book for its accessible language and selections free from Gombrich's own preferences, measuring the book against scholarly standards. In his discussion of the book in The Burlington Magazine, artist and writer Wilfrid Blunt noted that The Story of Art reads like a lecture. Though he believed the lecture-like tone would lead masters to prefer the book rather than students, he declared that The Story of Art “fully deserve[s] a place in any educational library."

Criticism has also emerged since the book’s release. One stream of criticism addresses Gombrich’s treatment of contemporary art. In a 1989 review for Art Journal of the book’s 14th edition, art history professor Bradford R. Collins criticized the work for its lack of depth in its discussion of contemporary art. Collins indicated that Gombrich’s commentary on 20th century art was brief and often dismissive. Elly Miller, daughter of Béla Horovitz, revealed in an interview that Gombrich had not originally intended to include an additional chapter on contemporary art and that “he really didn’t come to terms with what he called modern art.” Art curator Karen Wilkin made similar comments for The Hudson Review, remarking about The Story of Art that “[Gombrich] was never really at ease with anything but illusionistic painting and sculpture."

Gombrich’s omission of international and female artists has also raised criticism, with none having been included in the first The Story of Art and just one included in the 16th edition. With the intention of offsetting the emphasis on white, male, and Western works in the globally influential book, curator and art historian Katy Hessel responded to the lack of diverse representation by creating a book of works by a range of international female artists titled The Story of Art Without Men, published in 2022.

title: The Story of Art


text:
.hn

.hn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Honduras.

Second-level domain names

 * .net.hn
 * .org.hn
 * .edu.hn
 * .gob.hn
 * .com.hn

title: .hn


text:
Johnny Boyd

Johnny Boyd (August 19, 1926 – October 26, 2003) was an American racecar driver.

Racing career
Born in Fresno, California, Boyd drove in the AAA and USAC Championship Car series from 1954 to 1966 with 56 starts. He finished in the top ten 31 times, with his best finish in 2nd position, in 1959 at Milwaukee.

Boyd qualified for the Indianapolis 500 for the first time in 1955 but finished 29th after being involved in an accident that killed driver Bill Vukovich. In a dozen starts, his best race was in 1958, when he led 18 laps and finished 3rd. In total, he finished in the Top 10 at the 500 five times.

After 1949 Boyd had become close friends with Bob Sweikert of Hayward, California when he met him on the California racing circuit. The two often raced together, and Boyd qualified for entry in the 1955 Indianapolis 500 when Sweikert helped him overcome mechanical handling problems in Boyd's car. Sweikert won the race that day, but was overshadowed by the death of Vukovich. Boyd also raced against Sweikert in 1956 at Indy, but Sweikert was killed several weeks later in a Sprint car race.

Boyd retired as a driver after failing to qualify for the Indy 500 and Milwaukee race in 1967. He died of cancer at age 77 in his hometown of Fresno.

Awards
In 1966, Boyd was inducted into the Fresno County Athletic Hall of Fame. He was named to the National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame in 2010.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

title: Johnny Boyd


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Jimmy Davies (racing driver)

James Richard Davies (August 8, 1929 – June 11, 1966) was an American racecar driver in Champ cars and midgets. He was the second man to win three USAC National Midget Championships. When Davies won the 100 mi AAA Championship race at Del Mar, California on November 6, 1949 – aged 20 years, 2 months, 29 days, he became the youngest driver to win a race in a major U.S. open wheel series, a record not broken until Marco Andretti won the IRL race at Sonoma, California in 2006. Davies raced AAA on a false birth certificate showing him older (as did Troy Ruttman and Jim Rathmann), and was racing illegally.

Midget car career
In 1960 he won the USAC Pacific Coast Midget title as well as the National Midget Championship. He repeated as National Midget champion in 1961 and 1962. He won 46 feature events in the midgets in his career. Davies won the Night before the 500 midget race three times, in 1960 and 1961 at Kokomo Speedway, and next year at the Indianapolis Speedrome. Davies's midget car was stolen but was recovered a year later when a driver was killed in it at Sacramento. Davies recognized the car in the newspaper photos of the wreck.

Davies also had success racing midgets (called Speedcars down under) in Australia and New Zealand during his career. He won the 1963 Australian Speedcar Grand Prix at the Sydney Showground Speedway, as well as the 1963 and 1964 South Australian Speedcar Championships at the Rowley Park Speedway in Adelaide.

He died on June 11, 1966, aged 36, from injuries suffered in a midget crash at Santa Fe Speedway in suburban Chicago.

Career award

 * Inducted into the National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame in 1984.

Indianapolis 500 results
* Shared drive with Art Cross, Johnny Parsons, Sam Hanks and Andy Linden

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

 * In 1954 Davies shared his drive with Art Cross, Johnny Parsons, Sam Hanks and Andy Linden. Davies also shared the 20th-placed car with Hanks and Jim Rathmann.
 * Between 1950 and 1960, the Indianapolis 500 was included as part of the Formula One World Championship.

title: Jimmy Davies (racing driver)


text:
Talk:Anglo-Normans

[Untitled]
"by the 13th century the Anglo-Normans had merged with the Anglo-Saxons to form the English." - This seems a disappointingly sweeping and unsupported statement to conclude an otherwise excellent article. Linguistic differences gradually disappeared for sure, but is it really true to suggest that ethnic and cultural distinctions also perished? After all, the "Anglo"-Normans (perhaps "Normans settled in England" would be a more accurate if unweildy term) established a hereditary aristocracy which, out of family ambition, often inter-married not with the English but with other Norman families settled in England. One need only compare the surnames of Elizabeth I's noble courtiers with lower-class English surnames at the time to notice that the nobility still clearly has a Norman flavour. In view of the tendency to marry within the nobility, is it realistic to conclude that this was merely a nominal inheritance? I won't even begin to consider the degree of Englishness of the Royal family! + - I don't want to edit the article because the author has done such a good job, I just wish he/she would qualify or support the above statement, or at least explain how he/she believes this process took place. + -   +  - I agreee with the above. The Normans were only English when it suited them. The long Wars with France required an English nationalism and the mighty became English when they needed to. One suggestion for their partial adoption of English is that the French were rude about the poor 'French language" spoken by the Norman nobility so they moved to English. Others point out that the Saxon produces the Cow and Pig whilst the Norman-French eats the Beef and Pork. To suggest that the Normans and the English became sort of equals is wrong. + - Until the Great Reform Act of 1832 most of the political power rested with the landed gentry who can generally trace their ancestory back to William the Bastard's invasion. +  -   +  - :The 13th century is certainly wrong, and it isn't internally consistent. If you didn't know otherwise you would assume that the Hundred Years War must have ended in the 13th century. I'm changing it to 15th. As for later centuries, I think the English identity was clear. Aristocrats always traced their ancestry as far back as possible, but it didn't necessarily undermine their identification with the country they lived in. They would all have claimed descent from patrician Romans if they could, but it wouldn't have made them culturally Roman, or even made them think they were. And by 1832 there were many aristocrats and gentry who couldn't trace their ancestry to the Normans, including some ducal families. 82.35.34.11 12:25, 28 August 2005 (UTC) +

 * Just because some of the landed gentry can trace some of their lineage back to the Normans in the 19th Century doesn't mean that equally their lineage was not part Anglo-Saxon. There was still a sizable amount of Anglo-Saxon gentry in the middle ages and you only have to look at Scotland or Ireland to see how the the Normans had fully assimilated after a few centuries and gentry didn't always marry other gentry.  And your argument that the Anglo-Normans adopted English because they were poor at speaking French is pretty tenuous.  Try because they were outnumbered by English speakers who were not all peasants as your argument intentionally/unintentionally suggests.

+ The section covering the Normans in Ireland should by right be redirected to 'Hiberno-Normans' rather than here under 'Anglo-Normans'. There are many, many reasons why this should be the case. In the first place, most Normans came from Wales, not England and thus the epithet 'Cambro-Normans' is used to describe them by leading late medievalists such as Seán Duffy. Indeed the only Norman you mention is "Richard de Clare, second earl of Pembroke", and yet you refer to him as "Anglo-Norman" when clearly 'de' is Norman, and Pembroke is in Wales. Furthermore, contrary to common belief the term 'Old English' only came into use to describe them in 1580- i.e. over four centuries after the first Normans arrived in Ireland. In addition, if they were Anglo-Normans four centuries after arriving in Ireland (from Wales!) can we hear more about the "Norman-English" 400 years after 1066? It is ahistorical in the extreme to deny the very Hiberno-Norman cultural and political world they developed in these centuries and hide it under the simplistic misnomer, "Anglo-Normans". To simplify my argument somewhat: while not all Normans, or even a majority of them, in Ireland were of English/Anglo origin, all those of Norman descent in Ireland were Hiberno-Normans.

The Map of Norman Possessions

The map of Norman Possessions in the 12th century should really include the Lordship of Ireland which was established by 1171. (Cmount 10:03, 11 January 2007 (UTC))

Link added to ‘Anglo-Celtic’ article
Hello, in the ‘See also’ section here I have just added a link to Wikipedia’s relevant ‘Anglo-Celtic’ article. Kind regards, Pconlon 11:35, 27 June 2007 (GMT)

First use of 'Anglo-Norman'?
This article has no mention of when the term 'Anglo-Norman' was first used to describe the community, or even the language. It obviously was not in 1066, and equally obviously there could never have been an 'Anglo-Norman' invasion of England then. Does anybody know? 86.42.98.32 (talk) 21:24, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

Picture
Can anybody tell me what that picture is supposed to signify? ie. what date, what it stands for etc. Ace blazer (talk) 10:12, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

 * The map? It is supposed to represent 'Norman possessions in the 12th century'.--Celtus (talk) 07:31, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

Definitional problems
Do the FitzAlans, who were Breton in origin, really count as Anglo-Norman? I've been thinking about the same problem in relation to the darras famly, who were obviously from Artois. Sjwells53 (talk) 15:45, 20 December 2013 (UTC)

Norman switch to 'English' identity
Was actually much sooner than the article suggests. Many Normans were self-identifying as 'English' by the end of the 1100s. Plantagent England further encouraged an 'English' identity in the face of continental retainers being granted titles, positions and land in England. The surviving chronicles are packed with declarations of Englishness in this era. Some linguists suggest that Norman had ceased being a first language among the gentry by the end of the 1100s too (except the Angevin/Aquitanian Plantagenets), and undoubtedly this was true of many. They may have retained Norman, then French 'proper' and a touch of Occitan due to Aquitanian influence as a court language, but spoke it purely as Churchmen spoke latin - as an in-club affectation. French and German were spoken across Europe as prestige court languages. This wasn't peculiar to England. The Scandinavian courts spoke German into the 18th centuries. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.186.174.69 (talk) 13:09, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

Wrong, the Normans and the Norman aristocracy couldn't speak any English until centuries later, William the conquer and his descents couldn't speak a word of English for the next several centuries. King henry who invaded Ireland was born and died in France and Normans in England didn't self identify as English or Anglo-saxons until the 14th century long after they invaded and settled in Ireland. The Norman who self Identified as English in England was very rare in the 1100s, this is only a 100 years off the boat from France, infact many of the Normans who invaded Ireland were born in Wales and Flemish forces from France, The term Old English to describe the Hiberno-Normans wasn't used until the 1500s, they weren't refereed to as Saxons this is a myth, they were ethnically and culturally French-Norsemen, if you went back to this time and called King henry II english he would have you executed — Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.152.208.89 (talk) 03:45, 10 March 2020 (UTC)

"See also" section
At present, the "See also" section is a subsection of "Anglo-Norman families". Since the only link in it is Companions of William the Conqueror, I'm wondering if this is intentional. If it is, maybe Template:See also would be more appropriate? —Ringbang (talk) 03:18, 21 March 2016 (UTC)

Cambro-Normans
Both here and in the main Cambro-Norman article it is asserted that Cambro-Norman is the usual term for Normans who conquered parts of Wales. This is not the case. The only context I am aware of it being used is in dealing with the Norman invasion of Ireland, to refer to the Norman (and Welsh) soldiers. Unless there are historians of medieval Wales who use this term the article should only mention it in passing. Martinlc (talk) 21:29, 30 July 2017 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Anglo-Norman language which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 09:59, 9 November 2017 (UTC)

Anglo-Norman conflict section
The current version of this section appears to be using 'Anglo-Norman' in a different way to the rest of the article (that is, to mean Anglo and Norman as two separate groups, while elsewhere it means Normans in England (and a little later mixed ruling Normans in England)). To be consistent this section should be Anglo-Norman and [a term for the invaded English population] conflict. I would think that the obvious term for the 'English' population would be Anglo-Saxon. Martinlc (talk) 18:54, 20 August 2023 (UTC)

English component in Anglo-Norman
While there was substantial English migration to Normandy during its settlement and I have mentioned this in the edit history, the descendants of these settlers would more properly be known simply as Normans. However there is very well documented English representation in the Anglo-Norman elite from 1066 onwards, as well as cases of surviving Anglo-Saxon aristocrats integrating into the larger Norman culture. So there should absolutely be "English" counted in the ethnic mix of the group in the article. 2A01:4B00:8A04:7700:4946:101D:1066:8926 (talk) 23:10, 17 January 2024 (UTC)

To add, please stop removing references to Anglo-Saxons in the ethnic mix of Anglo-Normans. This article describes the English component in the Anglo-Norman class. It makes no sense to stubbornly refuse to refer to this earlier in the article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A01:4B00:AC0F:B700:DCC0:4CA9:F565:430A (talk) 01:25, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Ok, sorry, it's seems convincing what you're talking about. Mr. Information1409 (talk) 01:38, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
 * No problem and thank you. 2A01:4B00:AC0F:B700:DCC0:4CA9:F565:430A (talk) 12:08, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anglo-Normans


text:
.ht

.ht is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Haiti. It was introduced in 1997 and is managed Réseau de Développement Durable d'Haïti (RDDH) with assistance from the State University of Haiti.

Although it was originally intended for Haitian people and businesses, per NIC Haïti, anyone in the world can register a .ht domain name.

title: .ht


text:
Boost Mobile

Boost Mobile may refer to:

 * Boost Mobile (Australia), an Australian mobile virtual network operator
 * Boost Mobile (United States), an American mobile virtual network operator owned by Dish Wireless
 * Spark New Zealand, a telecommunications company in New Zealand which used the Boost Mobile brand prior to 2007

title: Boost Mobile


text:
Talk:Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten

Comments
Well, in absence of any other comments, I have moved the section mentioned below to a new section called "other" at the bottom...(TF) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.197.183.5 (talk) 14:11, 30 April 2009 (UTC) I absolutely love this music and have done so for 15 years. I play it every day. However, I absolutely hate the prominance of the comment by journalist Jesse Kornbluth. (American journalist Jesse Kornbluth writes that, when AIDS first appeared in New York in the 1980s, Cantus was said to be the favorite music of men in the final weeks of their lives — "[f]or this music both acknowledges grief and suggests completion. It is, as Pärt has described it, 'like light going through a prism'.") I think this comment, if relevant, could be relocated elsewhere in the article and not ocupy its current status as part of the main introduction to the article. It seems little better than ephemera to me. What do other people think? (TF)

I personally would love to know more about the circumstances that led to the writing of this piece. For example, what was his relationship to Britten? Was this piece commissioned?

Sentence hard to understand
This sentence doesn't make sense to me:

"Half of the first violins begin playing the descending A minor scale, playing first one note from the very top of their range, then returning to the beginning and playing two notes, and then three and four and so on."

Do you mean to say the following: "Half of the first violins play a descending scale of A minor, beginning at the top of their register and working down one octave. As the scale is repeated, more notes are added to the bottom end of the scale, prolonging its length and lowering the pitch level."

Or did you mean to say: "Half of the first violins play a descending scale of A minor, beginning with a note from the top of their range. The scale is repeated, with more notes being added to the upper register each time." (149.157.1.180)

Neither of those. The first violins play A, A G, A G F, A G F E, and so on. See this image of the first page of the score. Gareth McCaughan (talk) 15:58, 17 May 2010 (UTC)

Intro
Actually, introductions are for summarizing the entire article, per Lead section: "The lead serves both as an introduction to the article, and as a summary of the important aspects of the subject of the article." Hyacinth (talk) 20:00, 18 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Fair point, Hyacinth. But the previous lead was far more than a summary on those points. And it was very selective about which "in pop. culture" items it referenced and which it omitted.  And it was nearly three times as long as the info about the music itself! (WP:Undue weight). So how might we work to keep the article, including lead, focussed and balanced? Feline Hymnic (talk) 20:09, 18 June 2009 (UTC)

 * We do need a lead longer than one sentence, and the use of the piece by Michael Moore is clearly notable. I think the description by the writer who spoke about AIDS was also very moving. I'm not wedded to that particular quote, but a description of it would be nice for the lead. SlimVirgin  talk| contribs

Ending of the piece
The part about the orchestra leaving their bows in the air at the end. Can this be added to the article? Haven't seen that done in other performances of other music. Is it in the score? And why is it done? Just curious —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.121.69.23 (talk) 02:52, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

About the bell strokes
The gap between two groups of three bell strokes is 24 beats, not 18. Am I right? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ira75 (talk • contribs) 09:39, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

Secular Not Verified
"Although Pärt is known primarily for his religious music, Cantus is a fully secular worK"

No citation, and unlikely to be accurate.

From Arvo Pärt Center:

"In addition, tintinnabuli is also an ideology, a very personal and deeply sensed attitude to life for the composer, based on Christian values, religious practice and a quest for truth, beauty and purity."

This piece is done in said style. Also, there are multiple critics/essays exploring the piece and it's connection to Pärt's spiritual style. Without better evidence, I am removing the mentioned sentence from the page.

Eleutheria Sleuth (talk) 09:54, 12 January 2017 (UTC)

English title should be preferred
I did not want to change the name of the article without announcing my intention here first, because I am sure someone would revert the edit.

Arvo Pärt does not really accept or condone the use of the Latin title for this work. The official international name for the piece is in English - "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten", while in Estonia the Estonian title (under which it was composed in 1977) is used - "Cantus Benjamin Britteni mälestuseks". All authoritative and regularly updated resources on Arvo Pärt have made necessary changes long ago. See for example:

 * Arvo Pärt's works as listed on the web site of the Arvo Pärt Centre
 * Arvo Pärt's biography at the Naxos Records web site
 * The piece on the web site of the official publisher, Universal Edition

Therefore the title should be changed to the English one, mentioning also the Estonian title and in last order the Latin title that no matter what the composer wishes has been already used on several recordings. -- Toomas (talk) 08:56, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I have seen the exact title used here many times:, and others. Google states "Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten" returns 113,000 hits while your proposal, "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten" 114,000 hits, so pretty much the same. The proposed move should be discussed correctly. Walter Görlitz (talk) 07:06, 12 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Well, thank you, I am very much supporting a proper discussion on the matter which is exactly why I have created a new section here and did not make the move. With all due respect, Google search results are by no means authoritative source for deciding the question. From the two links you provided the second one also uses the English title "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten". Naturally there are and continue to be many earlier recordings and articles where the Latin title has been used. However, if we look at sources with any official status and authority – and for Pärt such sources are Universal Edition, his official publisher, and the Arvo Pärt Centre that operates in close cooperation with the composer and under the supervision of the Pärt family – the work is listed under its English title, reflecting the wish and intent of the composer himself. Of course, all arguments should be taken into account, however, at the moment I am not aware of any convincing argument in support of the Latin title except that it has been used almost as frequently as the English title on the world wide web. -- Toomas (talk) 13:19, 12 January 2018 (UTC)


text:
Jack McGrath (racing driver)

John James McGrath (October 8, 1919 – November 6, 1955) was an American racecar driver. McGrath died in an accident at Bobby Ball Memorial, he lost control of his car at Turn 3, crashed and flipped, dying instantly.

Biography
McGrath was born in Los Angeles, California, and grew up in South Pasadena, California.

A major player in the "mighty midgets" at Los Angeles's Gilmore Speedway in the late 1940s, McGrath won the first CRA (California Roadster Association) championship in 1946 and was dubbed "King of the Hot Rods". His efforts, along with those of friend and teammate Manuel Ayulo, helped establish track roadsters as viable race cars. The west coast roadsters evolved into sprint cars in the early 1950s.

Major wins at the AAA national level included the 1951 Syracuse and Langhorne 100 mile races, the 1952 Syracuse 100, and the 1953 Milwaukee 200. He finished the 1952 and 1953 AAA championship seasons in second place, and led the first 44 laps of the 1954 Indianapolis 500.

McGrath's storied 26-lap duel with Bill Vukovich in the ill-fated 1955 Indianapolis 500 ended when the magneto on his Hinckle Special Kurtis 500C's Offenhauser (Meyer-Drake) engine failed on lap 54. Fellow Californian and two-time Indy winner Vukovich died three laps later in a chain-reaction crash while in the lead.

The "Splendid Splinter" himself was killed in the final AAA dirt-track race of the 1955 season, the Bobby Ball Memorial at the one-mile dirt oval at the Arizona State Fairgrounds in Phoenix, Arizona.

Indy 500 results

 * McGrath's starting positions from 1951 to 1955 represent the best 5-year starting position streak in the Roadster Era.
 * McGrath was the fastest overall qualifier of the Roadster Era.
 * Although McGrath twice posted the fastest qualifying speed, he started from the pole only once when he was the first driver ever to crack the 140-mile-per-hour mark. That was in 1954, with Jimmy Daywalt and 1958 Indy 500 winner Jimmy Bryan to his right. In 1955, he started on the outside of the first row behind pole-day qualifiers Jerry Hoyt and Tony Bettenhausen.

World Championship career summary
The Indianapolis 500 was part of the FIA World Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indy during those years were credited with World Championship points and participation. Jack McGrath participated in 6 World Championship races. He started on the pole once, set 1 fastest lap, and finished on the podium twice. He accumulated a total of 9 championship points.

title: Jack McGrath (racing driver)


text:
.ke

.ke is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kenya.

KENIC, short for Kenya Network Information Centre, is the authoritative agency responsible for managing the registrations and issuance of the .ke domain.

In 2002, KENIC assumed control of the .ke domain when it had a meager number of less than 1,000 registrations.

Prior to KENIC's involvement, the administration of the domain was overseen by two individuals: Shem Ochuodho from Kenya and Randy Bush from America, both esteemed tech experts.

Second-level domains
Second-level domains, under which domains are registered at the third level, are:

 * .co.ke: This is the most common .ke domain extension and is available for registration by anyone, both individuals and businesses, without specific restrictions. However, presence in Kenya is required.
 * .or.ke: Intended for not-for-profit organizations operating in Kenya. To register a .or.ke domain, the organization must provide documentation proving its not-for-profit status.
 * .ne.ke: for network devices
 * .go.ke: for Government entities. Requires supporting documents
 * .ac.ke: Reserved for academic institutions such as universities, colleges, and schools in Kenya. Proof of educational institution status is typically required.
 * .sc.ke: for lower and middle institutes of learning. Requires supporting documents
 * .me.ke: for personal names/websites
 * .mobi.ke: for mobile content
 * .info.ke: for informational content

KeNIC's Dispute Resolution
KeNIC (Kenya Network Information Centre) has established a dispute resolution process for handling domain name disputes related to .ke domains. This process is designed to resolve conflicts or disputes that may arise between parties over the registration and use of .ke domain names.

 * 1) "Dispute Categories: KeNIC's dispute resolution process covers various categories of disputes, including but not limited to:
 * 2) * Cybersquatting: This involves the bad-faith registration of a domain name with the intent to profit from the goodwill associated with someone else's trademark.
 * 3) * Domain Name Similarity: Disputes over domain names that are similar to existing trademarks or other domain names.
 * 4) * Abusive Registrations: Disputes related to the abusive or unlawful use of a domain name.
 * 5) Complaint Filing: To initiate a dispute resolution process, the complainant (the party bringing the dispute) must file a complaint with KeNIC. The complaint should include detailed information about the dispute, evidence of rights to the domain name or trademark, and a description of how the domain name is being used in bad faith.
 * 6) Response: The respondent (the party against whom the complaint is filed) has the opportunity to respond to the complaint. They can provide evidence and arguments in their defense.
 * 7) Appointment of a Panel: KeNIC typically appoints an independent panel of experts to review the dispute. These experts are knowledgeable in domain name disputes and intellectual property matters.
 * 8) Decision: The panel will review the evidence and arguments presented by both parties and render a decision. This decision may involve actions such as the cancellation, transfer, or retention of the domain name in question.
 * 9) Appeal: In some cases, there may be a provision for appeal if either party disagrees with the panel's decision. The appeal process, if available, would typically be outlined in KeNIC's dispute resolution policies.
 * 10) Enforcement: Once a decision is reached, KeNIC will enforce it, which may involve transferring the domain name to the rightful owner or taking other appropriate actions.
 * 11) Fees: There may be fees associated with filing a complaint or participating in the dispute resolution process. The specific fee structure can be found on KeNIC's website or through the appointed dispute resolution service provider."

title: .ke


text:
Talk:Transnestria

My name is David Storobin. I am the editor of the Global Politician. In the past, my articles have been "stolen" by people who posted them on Wikipedia. However, I do not have a problem with that so long as people cite back to the site for which I work as the editor, The Global Politician (http://www.globalpolitician.com).

I would like to make the content of Global Politician to be available to Wikipedia. If you have any questions, you can actually email me via the "contact us" page on Global Politician or at editor@globalpolitician.com.

Also, please let other wikipedia editors know that I will be posting parts of articles on the Wikipedia site. Please do not delete.

 * All you need to do when you use copyrighted material with permission is to note that in the article's talk page. Also, you can put a notice on your own site releasing your copyrights into the public domain or under a GNU license. --Polynova 02:16, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Please note that there is already a page Transnistria. It probably would be best if a redirect was set here and contributions be posted there. Martg76 02:38, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Votes for deletion archive
Votes for deletion/Transnestria

Copyright problems
Moved from Copyright problems End moved text
 * Transnestria from . - Vague | Rant 01:54, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Now on VFD; Jmabel believes there is no copyright problem, as it was posted by the original author. --rbrwr± 17:30, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Transnestria


text:
Playoff beard

A playoff beard is the superstitious practice of male athletes not shaving their beards during playoffs. Playoff beards were introduced by ice hockey players participating in the Stanley Cup playoffs, and are now a tradition in many sports leagues. Many fans of professional sports teams also grow playoff beards. The player stops shaving when his team enters the playoffs and does not shave until his team is eliminated or wins the Stanley Cup (or equivalent championship).

The tradition was started in the early 1980s. Sometime in the early 1980's the New York Islanders decided to do so; and according to Islander Mike Bossy, was likely started by teammate Butch Goring. The 1984–85 Detroit Red Wings were the first team documented to wear them. Wings forwards Ivan Boldirev and Danny Gare began the practice in Jan. 1985, trying to inspire the team to win four straight games. Defenseman Brad Park called it his "playoff beard" - thus coining the phrase. The tradition is also practiced by nearly all North American hockey leagues, including high school leagues and the NCAA hockey teams, as well as minor league affiliates. According to some observers, one may trim the beard after a loss in an effort to change the team's luck; Jim Dowd and Roberto Luongo are examples of players who did this.

History
The 1980 Islanders were the first team documented to wear them. This included two Swedish players (Stefan Persson and Anders Kallur), so it is possible that tennis champion Björn Borg's custom of not shaving his beard during Wimbledon, which he had been doing for several years by that time, was an influence on the start of the practice in hockey. Some players have said the beard is both a reminder of team unity and a way to get a player thinking about the playoffs from the moment he looks in the mirror in the morning. The 1984–85 Detroit Red Wings also did it. Wings forwards Ivan Boldirev and Danny Gare began the practice in Jan. 1985, trying to inspire the team to win four straight games. Defenseman Brad Park called it his "playoff beard" - thus coining the phrase. (from the Detroit Free Press, Feb. 3, 1985 - article by Bernie Czarniecki). Hall of Famer Denis Potvin says that the Islanders of the 1980s would "play four games in five nights in the first round and it was just something that kind of happened." The 2009 Red Wings used the slogan "The beard is back" for the final series of their 2009 Stanley Cup playoffs run. They played the Pittsburgh Penguins in the Stanley Cup Finals that year (won by Pittsburgh) in which most of the players of both teams (and the owner of the Penguins, Mario Lemieux) grew beards.

In 2009, the Beard-a-thon campaign was launched to encourage fans to grow their own playoff beards for charity. In its first four years, more than 22,000 NHL fans participated in the "Beard-a-thon" and raised over two million dollars for charities.

In June 2015, Mark Lazarus, chairman of NBC Sports (who is the U.S. rightsholder of the league), told the Chicago Tribune that he had been lobbying the NHL to discourage the practice, arguing that it hinders the ability for viewers to recognize players.

Other sports
The playoff beard has expanded into Major League Baseball (MLB), the Canadian Football League (CFL), the National Football League (NFL) and, to a lesser extent, the National Basketball Association (NBA). The practice generally resembles that of ice hockey, in that players do not shave until they either win a championship or are eliminated.

American football

 * National Football League (NFL) players who have grown playoff beards include Chicago Bears quarterback (QB) Mitchell Trubisky, Seattle Seahawks quarterback (QB) Russell Wilson, Pittsburgh Steelers QB Ben Roethlisberger and defensive end (DE) Brett Keisel, New England Patriots wide receiver (WR) Julian Edelman and former Denver Broncos QB Jake Plummer. In fact, after Roethlisberger and his beard led the Steelers to their Super Bowl XL victory, he was shaved by David Letterman during an appearance on the Late Show with David Letterman.

Association football

 * In 1993, Sheffield United's veteran striker Alan Cork did not shave during the club's four-month FA Cup run where they ultimately reached the semi-finals.
 * In Major League Soccer (MLS), players on the Houston Dynamo roster kept a "lucky beard" for the duration of the 2006 and 2007 MLS Cup Playoffs. They renewed the tradition during their run to the 2011 MLS Cup.
 * The LA Galaxy grew playoff beards during their run to the 2005 MLS Cup and again during the 2010 MLS Cup Playoffs.

Baseball

 * The Boston Red Sox featured many players who grew beards during the team's 2013 season. "The beard-growing movement began in spring training with Mike Napoli and Jonny Gomes, and as the Red Sox kept winning — despite all predictions to the contrary — most of the team got on board with the beards." By the beginning of the World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals, only pitcher Koji Uehara was without facial hair. However, in the past, he did have a beard. Fans all over joined the team in solidarity as good luck to win the 2013 World Series. On October 23, 2013, Business Insider posted pictures of the Red Sox players with and without their good luck charms. An additional superstition for the team came during the season and post-season: when a player scores an especially important run, at the end of the game a tug would be given to this player's beard.

Basketball

 * Cleveland Cavaliers center Zydrunas Ilgauskas wore a playoff beard in 2006, but did not bring it back for the 2007 playoffs, citing spousal disapproval.
 * In a variant of the playoff beard, the Dallas Mavericks stopped shaving during the 2012–13 regular season until the team reached a .500 winning percentage (achieved in mid-April).

Tennis

 * Starting in the late 1970s, five-time Wimbledon champion Björn Borg used to let his beard grow prior to that particular tournament. Referring to that custom, Sports Illustrated published an article about Borg shortly before the 1981 Wimbledon tournament titled, "The beard has begun."

Motorsport

 * An October 2014 skit shows Team Penske personnel growing "Chase beards", including female staff.

Fan beards
Fans often grow beards as a sign of support while their favorite team is in the playoffs.
 * In 2006, the NPR show Weekend America featured a segment about St. Louis Cardinals fans who grew beards during the playoffs. Several Cardinals players grew beards as well.

Outside of sports

 * Male students at some universities in the United States, Canada, Sweden and New Zealand have also begun to sport an academic variation on the playoff beard - not shaving between the period when regular classes end and their final exam.
 * in 1960, partly to distance themselves from non-contributing teammate Aad van Wijngaarden (known for taking credit for the work of others), scientists Edsger W. Dijkstra and Jaap Zonneveld agreed to not shave until they completed the Electrologica ALGOL 60 compiler.

Other playoff hair

 * During the 2010 playoffs, Patrick Kane of the Chicago Blackhawks chose to style his hair into a "playoff mullet" in addition to growing a playoff beard. He did it because of his struggles to grow a beard the year before. He has continued this throughout his career including the Chicago Blackhawks' 2013 and 2015 Championships.
 * In the 2008 NHL Playoffs some of the Calgary Flames, including Craig Conroy, David Moss, Dustin Boyd and Jarome Iginla, got "faux-hawk" haircuts.

title: Playoff beard


text:
For You

For You may refer to:

Albums

 * For You (Casey Donovan album), or the title song, 2004
 * For You (Frankmusik album), 2015
 * For You (Selena Gomez album), 2014
 * For You (Eddie Kendricks album), 1974
 * For You (Philipp Kirkorov album), 2007
 * For You (L.T.D. album), or the title song, 1983
 * For You (Fatin Shidqia album), 2013
 * For You (Prince album), or the title song, 1978
 * For You (Jo Stafford album), 2011
 * For You (Tatsuro Yamashita album), 1982
 * For You (Kirk Whalum album), 1998
 * For You (EP), by Luv', 1989
 * For You, by Jack Russell, 2002
 * For You, by Jackie DeShannon, 1967
 * For You, by Khaya Mthethwa, 2012
 * Gold Vol. 1, alternately titled For You, by Celine Dion, 1995

Songs

 * "For You" (Bruce Springsteen song), 1973
 * "For You" (The Calling song), 2003
 * "For You" (Electronic song), 1996
 * "For You" (Keith Urban song), 2012
 * "For You" (Kenny Lattimore song), 1997
 * "For You" (Liam Payne and Rita Ora song), 2018
 * "For You" (Mariette song), 2018
 * "For You" (The Outfield song), 1990
 * "For You" (Ricky Nelson song), written by Joe Burke and Al Dubin, 1930; covered by Ricky Nelson, 1963
 * "For You" (Staind song), 2001
 * "For You" (Hikaru Utada song), 2000
 * "For You: Kimi no Tame ni Dekiru Koto", by 2AM, 2012
 * "Sheni gulistvis" (English: "For You"), by Iriao, 2018
 * "For You", by +/- from Let's Build a Fire
 * "For You", by All That Remains from The Order of Things
 * "For You", by Anti-Nowhere League from We Are...The League
 * "For You", by Azu from Two of Us
 * "For You", by Baboon from Sausage
 * "For You", by Barenaked Ladies from Everything to Everyone
 * "For You", by Big Star from Third
 * "For You", by BTS from Youth
 * "For You", by Coldplay from Parachutes
 * "For You", by Converge from Unloved and Weeded Out
 * "For You", by Demi Lovato from Confident
 * "For You", by Emerson, Lake & Palmer from Love Beach
 * "For You", by Greg Kihn from Greg Kihn Again
 * "For You", by HIM from Greatest Lovesongs Vol. 666
 * "For You", by James Otto from Sunset Man
 * "For You", by John Denver from Higher Ground
 * "For You", by Journey from Time3
 * "For You", by Killswitch Engage from As Daylight Dies
 * "For You", by Manfred Mann from Chance
 * "For You", by Michael W. Smith from Go West Young Man
 * "For You", by My Dying Bride from Like Gods of the Sun
 * "For You", by R. Kelly from 12 Play
 * "For You", by Rae Morris from Unguarded
 * "For You", by Six by Seven from The Things We Make
 * "For You", by Split Enz from The Beginning of the Enz
 * "For You", by Status Quo from Rockin' All Over the World
 * "For You", by Stray Kids from SKZ2021
 * "For You", by Tonight Alive from Underworld
 * "For You", by Tracy Chapman from Tracy Chapman
 * "For You", by Travis Tritt from No More Looking over My Shoulder
 * "For You", by Trevor Daniel from Homesick
 * "For You", by the Used from The Canyon
 * "For You", by the Vamps from Night & Day
 * "For You", by Why Don't We from The Good Times and the Bad Ones
 * "For U", by Stephanie Mills from Born for This!

Other uses

 * For You (film) or Men Ajlikom, a 2015 Lebanese biblical drama film
 * For You (Italian TV channel), an Italian shopping and movie channel
 * For You, a 2009 chamber opera by Michael Berkeley

title: For You


text: User talk:69.139.146.27

title: User talk:69.139.146.27


text:
.kg

.kg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kyrgyzstan. Although registrations are normally at the second level, there are some specialized third-level registrations such as those under gov.kg and mil.kg.

Second-Level Domain Names

 * .org.kg
 * .net.kg
 * .com.kg
 * .edu.kg
 * .gov.kg
 * .mil.kg

title: .kg


text:
George Amick

George Reggie "Little George" Amick (October 24, 1924 – April 4, 1959) was an American racecar driver, mainly competing in the American National Championship. He was killed in a crash in a USAC 100 mi race at Daytona International Speedway.

Racing career
Amick began racing in jalopies in the Northwestern United States before switching to midget car racing. He competed in USAC National midgets for three seasons, finishing in the top ten points each season, and won 16 feature races. He totaled 38 wins including the 1957 Turkey Night Grand Prix.

He moved to Indy cars and won three times in 43 starts. In his rookie appearance at the Indianapolis 500 in 1958, Amick was assigned a "lay-down" roadster commissioned by car owner Norm Demler, designed by Quinn Epperly, and built by master Indianapolis chief mechanic George Salih. Amick found himself running a comfortable second to leader Jimmy Bryan with just 20 laps remaining. Demler and Salih felt Amick was in a position to catch Bryan and perhaps even win, but decided against pushing their rookie driver into a potentially fatal mistake, and Amick came home an easy second. He was named the 1958 Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year.

Death
Amick was competing in the only Indy Car race ever run at the Daytona International Speedway and was killed in an accident on the final lap. He is buried at Crown Hill Cemetery in Indianapolis.

Awards
Amick was inducted into the National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame in 2009.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

title: George Amick


text: User talk:69.194.194.27

title: User talk:69.194.194.27


text:
Akiko Matsumoto

Akiko Matsumoto (松本 明子) is a Japanese TV personality and actress.

Films

 * Supermarket Woman (スーパーの女) (1996), cashier
 *  (2006)
 * A Tale of Mari and the Three Puppies (マリと子犬の物語) (2007), Saeko Hasegawa

TV

 * Dempa Shōnen (電波少年) series (Nippon Television)
 * Daisuki! (Nippon Television)
 * TV Champion (TVチャンピオン) (TV Tokyo)
 * Tsubasa (つばさ) (NHK, March 2009–)

title: Akiko Matsumoto


text:
.km

.km is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Comoros.

Registration is available directly at second-level or under a number of sub-domains (cost of KMF30000 in most categories):
 * .km – Companies and trademarks registered at second-level (at an annual cost of KMF50000).
 * .com.km – Companies (unrestricted use).
 * .coop.km – Co-operatives.
 * .asso.km – Associations.
 * .nom.km – Individuals («nom» means "name").
 * .presse.km – Press organisations.
 * .tm.km – Trademark owners.
 * .medecin.km – Medical doctors.
 * .notaires.km – Notaries.
 * .pharmaciens.km – Pharmacists.
 * .veterinaire.km – Veterinarians.
 * .edu.km – Universities and professional institutes.
 * .gouv.km – Government.
 * .mil.km – Registered at no charge, for the military.

Second-level registrations are subject to restrictions and local presence requirements.

Third-level registrations are unrestricted in *.com.km if the name is not already registered elsewhere in .km; various category-specific restrictions apply to each of the other third-level domains. Personal name *.nom.km registrations are limited to island residents and to citizens resident abroad; various categories corresponding to the individual professions each require the applicant hold a license to practise that profession.

title: .km


text:
.kr

.kr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Registrations are processed via registration agents.

From September 2006, it became possible to register domain names directly under .kr (although this is currently only possible for internationalized domain names). Trademark holders and public bodies benefited from an "early registration period", after which the owners of .kr third-level domains had priority to get the corresponding second-level domains.

1. Sunrise I (18 September–20 November 2006) 2. Sunrise II (21 November 2006–27 February 2007) 3. Landrush (28 March–11 April 2007) 4. General Registration (from 19 April 2007)
 * Governmental Bodies only
 * A holder of 3rd level .kr domain
 * The registered 3rd level domain and the 3rd level domain should be registered before 13 March 2006
 * The full name of registered trademark using same alphabetical order
 * Anyone or any business entity who has an address in the territory
 * First-come first-served basis

In 2011 a new top-level domain was registered for South Korea, intended for domain names in the local language. The top-level domain is 대한민국 domain names and working sites became active during 2011.

Domain hacks
.kr domains are sometimes used as domain hacks such as flic.kr, an alternative address for Flickr.

New generic top level domains registered by South Korean organizations or individuals

 * .doosan: A new brand gTLD for the Doosan Group.
 * .hyundai: A new brand gTLD for the Hyundai Motor Group.
 * .kia: A new brand gTLD for Kia Motors.
 * .samsung: A new brand gTLD for the Samsung Group.
 * .lotte: A new brand gTLD for the Lotte Group.
 * .닷넷 (.dat-net): A new technology gTLD. Korean Hangul transliteration of English "dotnet."
 * .닷컴 (.dat-keom): A new technology gTLD. Korean Hangul transliteration of English "dotcom."
 * .삼성 (.Samseong): A new brand gTLD for the Samsung Group.

title: .kr


text:
Talk:Wonkette

Incorrect information
Jessica Cutler had a sexual relationship with a member of the staff of Senator DeWine, not a member of the Bush Administration

156.33.138.39 —Preceding signed but undated comment was added at 16:37, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

Ana Marie Cox article
Do we need a separate article for Ana Marie Cox? --Christopherlin 02:14, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree. Ana Marie Cox is synonymous with Wonkette. The only thing she has done that is notable is Wonkette. It is weird to have two entries that are related to Wonkette in the "Bloggers" category. --Anonymous Cow 04:09, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Merge from Ana Marie Cox proposal (2006)
Even though Wonkette may have been her pen name for a long time, it now more aptly is the name of the blog. She recently left it to promote a book she wrote. Wonkette = Blog Ana Marie Cox = former writer for blog --waffle iron 22:57, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

I think keeping them separate is the way to go. Both are notable in their own right.--Ben Houston 00:03, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

I agree with the above comments... she's notable enough by herself. --Starwed 18:18, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

"Created by" = wrong
Is there any way to change the "created by" tag in the infobox? Alex Pareene is the current editor but not the creator of the site. --Jfruh (talk) 01:20, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I attempted to fix this. That infobox doesn't have a separate field for "written by," so it's currently "Created by Created by Ana Marie Cox, currently written by Alex Pareene" - which is more accurate, if awkward. - Pronoiac 18:28, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I think it's more important to have the infobox reflect the actual CREATOR, and discuss the current editors/contributors in the body of the article, since they so often change.

 * They actually don't change that much, after Cox moved on, Pareene has been editing the blog. Lat did it for a while but he also left shortly thereafter. But Pareene has been a stable editor of the blog for the last few years.

Outright Bias EQUALS No Fun
Has anyone else noticed that Wonkette used to be kinda funny and a little bit sarcastic, but over the last year the Wonkette publication has become a truly mean-spirited-like tool. I barely go there anymore because their bias anti-progressive diatribe isn't even slightly amusing anymore. It seems they were bought out by the Dinos who "attempt" to hide their bias while still whoring their campaigns.

Wonkette straws donkey anus these days, and it really does suck that bad. Poo poo on them, just like they've poo pooed on us. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.201.103.116 (talk • contribs)

 * Please do not turn this talk page into a soap box. Thank you.  Boydannie (talk) 19:02, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

Site down?
Anyone know why the site's been presenting a 404 Error page the last two days? Worth an update? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.30.103.108 (talk) 18:55, 24 May 2008 (UTC)

 * The site is still up, not sure what address you're getting a 404 from. --Jfruh (talk) 02:18, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

 * http://wonkette.com What's strange is that the icon appears in the address bar, but it gives me this message:

Not Found

The requested URL / was not found on this server.

Additionally, a 404 Not Found error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.30.103.108 (talk) 06:55, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure what to tell you. The site is still up for me when I click on that link, and there are comments added in the past few days that indicate that other people can reach it as well.  The problem may be with the DNS resolvers for your network provide, or you may be on a network that is deliberately blocking the site. --Jfruh (talk) 16:43, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Problem fixed. Had to clear my cache and restart Firefox. Sorry for any confusion as well as turning the discussion board into a sandbox. Take care, Jfruh. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.30.103.108 (talk) 22:57, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

Who owned Wonkette originally?
Was Wonkette part of the Gawker media ring from the very beginning? It is not clear from the history of the site in this article. --79.97.249.222 (talk) 00:25, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, it was Nick Denton's idea originally, I'm pretty sure. Definitely a Gawker property from launch. --Jfruh (talk) 12:08, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

 * That was prompt! Thanks for your reply, Jfruh. Will edit later. --79.97.249.222 (talk) 13:29, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

Whole Intro Needs Reworking
I'm sorry but "liberal in outlook" just does not cut it. I used to read wonkette back in the days before the election came along and it was funny, it was about dc gossip. Now, all she talks about is shitting on McCain and Palin. Liberal outlook? Bitch puh-lease.

 * "She"? Honey, you have never read Wonkette in your life.  Get out.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.212.234.86 (talk) 19:50, 29 May 2010 (UTC)

Why the Fansite and Fact flags?
Why has the Wonkette article been flagged as a 'fansite' when comparable entries on other blogs have not?

And what citations are needed? It is not clear to me what improvements have to be carried out.

86.40.172.111 (talk) 15:42, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Took care of the tags. Feel free to go through and rmv fact tags that are not NPOV.   Qb  | your 2 cents  10:27, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

BOLD lead-change
I´m removing this bit:

"It has been extremely critical of the presidency of Barack Obama, for perceived violations of his campaign promises regarding foreign policy, single-payer health care, climate change, secrecy and Wall Street influence."

It is not a summary of anything in the article, and the lead already says it is critical of different kind of politicians. "Extremely" seems wrong too, "sometimes" would be closer to the mark, that but is my own OR. Gråbergs Gråa Sång (talk) 15:26, 21 August 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wonkette


text:
Wikipedia:Wikifun/Answers/Question 21

You think you got it.

Well first off the third deminsion was flight. The person that promoted military airplanes name was Billy Mitchell. If you got that good job.

title: Wikipedia:Wikifun/Answers/Question 21


text:
.kw

.kw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kuwait. Domain registrations are at the third level beneath these names:

 * com.kw: Commercial entities with a valid commercial license from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
 * ind.kw: An individual who is not a minor and holds Kuwaiti nationality or a resident who holds a valid residence in the State of Kuwait.
 * net.kw: ICT licensed company from the respective authorities in the State of Kuwait.
 * org.kw: A non-profit entity licensed by the concerned authorities in the State of Kuwait to operate.
 * gov.kw: Ministries & Government entities.
 * emb.kw: Embassies of other countries in Kuwait.
 * edu.kw: An educational entity licensed by the concerned authorities in the State of Kuwait to operate.
 * .kw: special requests from government entities; to be open for public use in near future.

Registration is done through accredited registrars by providing the right documents and a fee of 15 KD per year, with the license period running either one or two years (currently there is an intention to allow any period between 1 and 10 years in near future).

title: .kw


text:
Don Freeland

Don Freeland (March 25, 1925 – November 2, 2007) was an American racecar driver who is best known for competing in the Indianapolis 500 eight times.

Born in Los Angeles, California, Freeland served in the Navy as a mechanic during World War II. After the war, he began racing. He raced in the AAA and USAC Championship Car series from 1952 to 1962, with 76 career starts. He finished in the top ten 41 times, with a best finish of second place occurring 3 times.

Freeland competed in the Indy 500 each year from 1953 to 1960. He appeared headed for a second-place finish in 1955 before a transmission failure ended his day 22 laps prior to the end of the race. He came back with a best Indy finish of third the next year. He also finished in the top ten in 1954 and 1958.

Freeland died in San Diego, California at age 82.

World Championship career summary
The Indianapolis 500 was part of the FIA World Championship from 1950 through 1960. Drivers competing at Indy during those years were credited with World Championship points and participation. Don Freeland participated in 8 World Championship races. He started on the pole 0 times, won 0 races, set 0 fastest laps, and finished on the podium 1 times. He accumulated a total of 4 championship points.

title: Don Freeland


text:
.ky

.ky is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Cayman Islands. The code was chosen as other possible options had already been allocated. Registration was limited to residents and registered companies in the Cayman Islands with a local address, but this restriction was removed in September 2015. The Cayman Islands also has the international three-letter code CYM and has won a bid to be awarded the .cym domain in a future expansion of the top-level domain space.

Second level domains
Registrations are permitted directly at the second level, or at the third level beneath these names:

 * com.ky
 * org.ky
 * net.ky
 * edu.ky (restricted to educational institutions)
 * gov.ky (restricted to governmental entities)

History
IANA received a request to establish the .ky ccTLD in April 1995. From 1995 to 2002, the .ky ccTLD registry was operated by an individual, Clint Mole, initially as an employee of the Cayman Islands government, but then later under contract with a company Domain Name Trust (DNT). In 2002, the Cayman Islands government established the Information and Communications Technical Authority (ICTA) and contacted ICANN requesting that administrative operation be changed to ICTA. In June 2003, IANA and ICANN concluded that the .ky ccTLD should be redelegated to ICTA.

In January 2015 the Cayman Islands ICTA announced a partnership with Uniregistry for the operation of the .ky name extension. Uniregistry became the exclusive accredited registrar to retail .ky names on 2 March 2015.

In February 2020 GoDaddy announced that it had acquired Uniregistry's registrar business and with it the exclusive .ky deal.

Logo
The logo was designed by Darren Cornwell and approved on 17 December 2014 as Uniregistry took on the .ky namespace. It's a representation of the islands based on their geographical dimensions (the largest island being Grand Cayman, the next being Cayman Brac and finally Little Cayman). The blue was chosen to represent the sea that surrounds the islands.

title: .ky


text: User talk:67.87.6.115

title: User talk:67.87.6.115


text:
User talk:Grunt/archive4

no answer?
hi can you tell me why you blocked 141.76.1.122 proxyserver. there a several contribs through this user(s) is it possible that you blocked the ip on request of another sysop? thanks toby
 * is also an answer, thanx . toby

Also wenn dir die Wiki eines Tages um die Ohren fliegt, dann weisst du, dass du deinen Teil dazu beigetragen hast

146
Hi Grunt - first time I've been accused of being American :-) leaving out the 'and' is American and looks ghastly to me . . . I've not come across 'fourty' before as other than a typo, forty is the standard UK English spelling at least (is 'fourty' a Canadian spelling? I'm not sure what people in the US do) - MPF (Newcastle, UK) 09.11 (GMT) on 3 Nov 2004
 * Noted; "fourty" does indeed seem to have been a typo which I reverted without thinking. :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 23:19, 2004 Nov 3 (UTC)

Inactive
Lately at Wikipedia, policy discussions have become bogged down in minutae. Seeing the old accounts in the list and reviewing their contribution history was enough to convince me that something probably ought to be done at least in this case. I think people find it less threatening that way because they think too much about the policy applying to themselves when we talk about it in the abstract. That shouldn't matter, but it does. Anyway, thanks for your support of the initiative. uc 16:37, 5 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Question
As I see you have witnessed Slrubenstein trying to change articles to POV, such as with Jehovah, would you mind commenting on the Historicity of Jesus and Cultural and historical background of Jesus pages?

For the latter, he has brought a large group of people whom he percieves to support his POV onto the talk page, and I would like to balance this up. CheeseDreams 20:32, 5 Nov 2004 (UTC)

i tried to help by adding to ken jenning's jeopardy streak. why did you revert my edit? seems pretty mean to me.--128.235.130.68 07:13, 7 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Quick question
Didn't you recently nominate yourself as a bureaucrat citing the slowness of RfA promotions? If so, why would you agree with Mirv that no additional bureaucrats are needed? I'm merely curious. Andre ( talk )A| 03:18, Nov 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * I've been watching RFA more carefully recently, and I now believe that my concerns about lengthy delays were baseless (especially given Cecropia's arguments to the contrary). Also, there seems to have been a large influx of bureaucrats appointed recently, so I believe the market is saturated (as it were). -- Grunt 🇪🇺 03:45, 2004 Nov 9 (UTC)

Adminship
I would be honored to accept a nomination by you for adminship. Indrian 06:10, Nov 9, 2004 (UTC)

Sig
Is this better? --Lst27 (talk)  00:57, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Indeed it is. Thanks for the swift response. :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 00:57, 2004 Nov 11 (UTC)

Unicode follies
I received your message. Thank you. Now I just have to find a good free download of unicode Japanese/Chinese fonts.

- the question mark guy.

New Barnstar
Dear Grunt, I award you this nice barnstar. I hope you like it. :-) --Lst27 (talk)  00:28, 14 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Hurrah, another one for the trophy case. Thank you so much for your show of appreciation. :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 00:30, 2004 Nov 14 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for your vote of support for my RfA. I really appreciate that. Joyous 23:48, Nov 15, 2004 (UTC)

And another
Grunt - for making it impossible to do RC patrol when you're around, since you always revert the vandalism just before I do, here's the Tireless Contributor barnstar. It must be wound every three days. Rdsmith4— Dan | Talk 04:27, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Wikinews demo up and running
Hi!

I'm writing to let you know that the Wikimedia Board of Trustees has approved the first stage of the Wikinews project. There's now a fully operational English demo site at demo.wikinews.org. This will be used for experimenting with various review models and basic policies before the site is launched officially in about a week. demo.wikinews.org will become the English version later. You voted for the Wikinews project, so I'm asking for your participation now. Everything is open, nothing is final. What Wikinews will and can be depends in large part on you. There already is a global Wikinews mailing list for discussing the project. If you are interested at all, please subscribe -- coordination is of key importance. There's also an IRC channel #wikinews on irc.freenode.net. Realtime discussion can help to polish up articles. If you're looking for something to do, check out the articles in development and articles in review. Or start a new story in the Wikinews workspace, or ignore the proposed review system - it's up to you. I hope you'll join us soon in this exciting experiment.--Eloquence* 01:58, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)

Thanx
I appreciate your kind words on the arbcom elections page :) - Ta bu shi da yu 13:30, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)

My adminship request
Thanks for the support and the kind words! --jpgordon{gab} 04:20, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Endorsement
Greetings. You have my endorsement for Arbitration Committee Elections December 2004, and you have therefore earned the Quadell seal of approval. Feel free to use this image, or not, as you like. (You won't hurt my feelings if you don't.)   – Quadell (talk) (help)   04:59, Nov 22, 2004 (UTC)

Help required
Hi Grunt - the User:24.255.40.174 is the banned User:Kenneth Alan. Can you get some action going to have this person blocked, please? Thanks - MPF 17:21, 24 Nov 2004 (UTC)

I was wondering—can you define people as "typical Americans" when nearly half of American voters did/do something different (not to mention non-voters)? Everyking 07:31, 25 Nov 2004 (UTC)

WIKIMANIA 2005 Logo translation
Hi Grunt !!

I saw the translation request for the logo, and, as i couldnt find any other way to get in contact with you (i've been using wikipedia for some time now, but t-o-d-a-y i created my account), I will write it under these lines...

"WIKIMANÍA 2005 // LA PRIMERA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL DE WIKIMEDIA // FRANKFURT AM MAIN, ALEMANIA // 4 - 8 AGOSTO, 2005"

I can also create an eps myself if you send me the fonts...

Glad to help !!

Plafuro

How you doing Grunt
I've never had the pleasure or displeasure of crossing words with you before. I've noticed that you've been around and that you've made some good choices in your adminship votes. My "gut" feeling tells me that you'll make a damn good administrator and I'm supporting you. I would be honored if you counted me among your Wiki friends. Tony the Marine
 * Keep up the good work and you'll surely be counted amongst those I consider my wikifriends (if I don't already!). :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 03:23, 2004 Nov 27 (UTC)

The Photographer's Barnstar
It's a thing of beauty. Nice work! User:ClockworkSoul 03:14, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * May it be used well. :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 03:23, 2004 Nov 27 (UTC)

title: User talk:Grunt/archive4