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Rushall Olympic F.C.

Rushall Olympic Football Club is an English football club based in Rushall, a former mining village that forms part of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall. The team competes in the, the sixth tier of the English football league system.

Early years
Although football had been played in the village for at least 20 years previously, the earliest known reference to Rushall Olympic Football Club is in local newspaper reports on matches from the 1893–94 season. The club joined the Cannock & District League in 1895, finishing as runners-up in their first season and later joined the Junior (where they were champions in 1903–04), Amateur, Parks and Senior sections of the Walsall & District League.

During the inter-war years, the team won a number of local honours. At this time, the team comprised mainly local colliery workers and played on a field behind the Miners Arms pub in Rushall and changed in the pub itself. However, some time prior to the Second World War, the club disbanded.

Post-Second World War
In 1951, a group of local young men decided to re-form the club. They approached the proprietor of a local fish and chip shop for permission to use his premises as their headquarters and secured the use of Rowley Place as a home ground. The club joined the Walsall & District Amateur League, where the team won the Second Division championship in 1952–53, and later the First Division championship in 1955–56, after which they gained promotion to the Staffordshire County League (South), where they won the Second Division title at the first attempt.

Following promotion to the First Division, the club won four championship titles between 1960 and 1965. In 1975, in a bid to gain a higher league status, the club decided to move three miles away to the Aston University Sports Ground, just off the main A34 Walsall to Birmingham road. Meanwhile, the club obtained the lease on some land in Daw End, Rushall, and the new Dales Lane ground was officially opened on 14 August 1977.

The club were accepted into the West Midlands (Regional) League in 1978, and won the First Division title in 1980. The club enjoyed 14 seasons of moderate success in the Premier Division, with a highest finish of fifth place achieved in 1988–89. In 1994, the "Pics" became founder members of the new Midland Football Alliance. Although the late 1990s brought only mid-table performances in the league, the Pics did defeat the then-Southern League club Rocester at the Bescot Stadium – home of Walsall – in a penalty shoot-out to lift the Walsall Senior Cup in 2000.

After finishing in second place in both 2000–01 and 2002–03, the Pics finally claimed the league title in 2004–05, and with it promotion to the Southern League Division One West. They were then transferred to the Southern League Division One Midlands for the 2006–07 season, where they stayed for two years, qualifying for the play-offs in their last season by finishing fifth.

Due to the restructuring of Northern Premier League Division One, they were transferred yet again to the NPL Division One South for the 2008–09 season, when they again finished fifth and qualified for the play-offs. They were also unsuccessful in achieving promotion this time. Manager Paul Holleran then left the club to be replaced by Neil Kitching, who started his first season brightly before tailing off to finish in mid-table; the team also reached the final of the Walsall Senior Cup under Kitching.

Despite further budget restriction, Kitching was supported by a relatively youthful backroom staff, including Nick Amos and Ian Cooper, and they went on to finish third in the 2010–11 season, before going on to reach the play-off final, after a 3–0 win over Brigg Town in the semi-final. A 2–0 victory over Grantham Town in the final saw Rushall Olympic reach the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the first time the club had ever reached the seventh level of the English football league system.

The first season at this higher level saw Rushall Olympic finish eighth in the league. They reached the final of three cup competitions: the league cup, where they lost to North Ferriby United after extra time; the Staffordshire Senior Cup, where they lost to Kidsgrove Athletic; and the Walsall Senior Cup, which they retained. Rushall also equalled their best ever performance in the FA Cup, reaching the fourth qualifying round, where they were knocked out by Stourbridge.

In 2012–13, Rushall made their debut in the first round proper of the FA Trophy, having qualified with victories over Woodford United, Chasetown and Droylsden. Their reward was a trip to Wrexham, where they suffered a defeat against a team that went on to win the final of the competition. In the league, Rushall again were on the verge of the play-offs finishing in sixth position, but failed to make the end of season competition.

In 2013–14, Rushall Olympic made the fourth qualifying round of the FA Cup before losing out at Grimsby Town. Rushall eventually finished in seventh place in the league, narrowly missing out on the play-offs. However, there were two cup final appearances, as the Pics lost out in the final of the Walsall Senior Cup but won the Staffordshire Senior Cup, beating Port Vale 2–1 at Vale Park. At the end of the season, the club parted company with manager of five years Neil Kitching; his assistant, Nick Amos, also left the club. Rushall then appointed former West Bromwich Albion and Bolton Wanderers midfielder Richard Sneekes as manager, with Steve Hinks as his assistant.

During the 2022-23 Southern Football League season, Olympic finished 5th in the table and qualified for the playoffs. The Pics defeated Coalville Town on penalty kicks and advanced to the playoff finals, where they defeated Nuneaton Borough, also on penalty kicks. As a result, the club was promoted to the National League North for the first time in club history.

Honours

 * Northern Premier League Division One South
 * Play-off winners: 2010–11
 * Midland Alliance
 * Champions: 2004–05
 * West Midlands (Regional) League Division One
 * Champions: 1979–80
 * Walsall Senior Cup
 * Winners: 1964–65, 1999–2000, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2022–23, 2023–24
 * Staffordshire Senior Cup
 * Winners: 2005–06, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2022–23, 2023-2024
 * Southern League Premier Division Central
 * Play-off winners: 2022–23

Club records

 * Best league performance: 6th in Northern Premier League, Premier Division (Step 3) 2012–13
 * Best FA Cup performance: Fourth round qualifying, 2007–08, 2011–12, 2013–14
 * Best FA Trophy performance: First round proper, 2012–13
 * Best FA Vase performance: Fifth round, 2000–01

title: Rushall Olympic F.C.


text:
User talk:Jweinraub

Welcome
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - UtherSRG 22:38, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
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Wolf
I've reverted your change to wolf. WP:TOL sets the standard for taxobox format and content. Although many taxoboxes use the content format to which you editted it, the standard has recently changed to that of how it was before your edit. - UtherSRG 22:38, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Jweinraub


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Charles Francis Adams IV

Charles Francis Adams IV (May 2, 1910 – January 5, 1999) was an American electronics industrialist, United States Naval officer, great-great grandson of the sixth President John Quincy Adams and great-great-great-grandson of the second President John Adams.

Early life
Charles Francis Adams IV was born on May 2, 1910, in Boston, Massachusetts, to United States Secretary of the Navy Charles Francis Adams III (1866–1954), thus a great-great-great-grandson of U.S. President John Adams and great-great-grandson of his son John Quincy Adams. He attended St. Mark's School, graduated from Harvard College in 1932 and attended Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration. Adams was a sixth-generation Harvard legacy student (John Adams graduated from Harvard in 1755).

Career
Adams was commissioned as an ensign in the Naval Reserve on 23 June 1932 and was promoted to lieutenant (junior grade) on 23 June 1937. He served on active duty during World War II. Adams was promoted to the rank of lieutenant commander on 1 May 1943 and to commander on 1 March 1944. He took command of the destroyer escort USS William Seiverling when she was commissioned on 1 June 1944. The Seiverling conducted anti-submarine operations in the Pacific Theater, was under air attack off Okinawa and supported the liberation of the Philippines. He left the service in 1946.

He served as the first president of the Raytheon Company between 1948 and 1960, and again from 1962 to 1964. He served as its chairman between 1960 and 1962, and again from 1964 until 1972. During his tenure, Raytheon grew from a manufacturer of transistors and vacuum tubes into a maker of missiles and military-oriented radar and communications systems.

Personal life
Adams married twice. His first marriage was to Margaret Stockton by whom he had four children: Abigail, Alison, Charles V, and Timothy. His second marriage was to Beatrice D. Penati by whom he had one stepson: Giannotto Penati. He had a total of nine grandchildren and 18 great-grandchildren at the time of his death, on January 5, 1999, in Dover, Massachusetts, aged 88.

Adams was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1959. He was awarded honorary degrees by Suffolk University, Northeastern University, Bates College, and Tufts University.

Family tree
He was first cousin to Constance Crowninshield Coolidge.

title: Charles Francis Adams IV


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Roberta Peters

Roberta Peters (May 4, 1930 – January 18, 2017) was an American coloratura soprano.

One of the most prominent American singers to achieve lasting fame and success in opera, Peters is noted for her 35-year association with the Metropolitan Opera Company in New York, among the longest such associations between a singer and a company in opera. She was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1998.

Early life and career
Peters was born Roberta Peterman in The Bronx, New York City, the only child of Ruth (née Hersch), a milliner, and Solomon Peterman, a shoe salesman. Her family was Jewish. Encouraged by tenor Jan Peerce, she started her music studies at age 13 with William Herman, a voice teacher known for his exacting and thorough teaching method. Under Herman's training, Peters studied the French, German and Italian languages and practiced singing scales from a clarinet method. After six years of training, Herman introduced her to impresario Sol Hurok, who arranged for an audition with Rudolf Bing, general manager of the Metropolitan Opera. Bing asked her to sing the Queen of the Night's second aria from The Magic Flute (with its four Fs above high C), several times, listening from all parts of the hall to make sure she could fill the hall with sound. He scheduled her to sing the role in February 1951.

Peters however made her debut earlier than planned. On November 17, 1950, Bing phoned her asking if she could step in to replace Nadine Conner, who was ill, as Zerlina in Don Giovanni. Peters knew the role, but had not yet ever performed on stage or even sung with a full orchestra; nevertheless, she accepted. Fritz Reiner was the conductor that night. Despite a reputation for being distant and reserved, Reiner made a point of coming to Peters's dressing room to encourage her and guided her through the performance. Her performance was received with great enthusiasm, and her career was established.

Combining an attractive voice with sparkling coloratura agility and good looks, Peters became a favorite of American audiences and a great proponent of opera for the masses. She quickly established herself in the standard soubrette and coloratura repertoire. Her roles at the Met included Susanna in The Marriage of Figaro; Despina in Così fan tutte; the Queen of the Night in The Magic Flute; Amore in Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice; Marzeline in Beethoven's Fidelio; Rosina in The Barber of Seville; Adina in L'elisir d'amore; Norina in Don Pasquale; Oscar in Un ballo in maschera; Nanetta in Falstaff; Olympia in The Tales of Hoffmann; Sophie in Der Rosenkavalier; Zerbinetta in Ariadne auf Naxos; and Adele in Die Fledermaus. She later added lyric-coloratura roles such as Amina in La sonnambula, Lucia in Lucia di Lammermoor and Gilda in Rigoletto, the last being her farewell role at the Met in 1985.

Peters also appeared frequently with the Cincinnati Opera, as well as in numerous cities around the United States while on tour with the Met. Over the years, she expanded her repertoire to include roles such as Lakmé, Juliette in Roméo et Juliette, Massenet's Manon, and occasionally performing Violetta in La traviata, and Mimì in La bohème.

Peters also appeared abroad as early as 1951, when she sang at the Royal Opera House in London, in Balfe's The Bohemian Girl, conducted by Sir Thomas Beecham. From the mid-1950s onwards, she appeared in several opera houses in Italy, the Vienna State Opera, the Salzburg Festival, and the Bolshoi in Moscow, in 1972.

Peters was as popular on television as on the stage. She appeared regularly on such programs as The Voice of Firestone and The Tonight Show. On the Sunday night CBS variety program The Ed Sullivan Show, Peters was its most frequent guest, appearing a record 65 times. She also appeared in several television commercials, including a memorable entry in American Express' "Do You Know Me?" campaign, in which she hailed a taxi at the top of her voice. Peters also had an extensive career as a recitalist, appearing in concert halls throughout the United States. Early in her career in 1962, she performed before an audience of over 13,000 at the popular outdoor "Italian Night" concert series at Lewisohn Stadium in New York under the direction of conductor Alfredo Antonini.

Later in her career she added operetta and musical theater to her repertoire, appearing in The Merry Widow, and The King and I. She also recorded Rodgers and Hammerstein's Carousel with Alfred Drake. Peters never officially retired and gave occasional recitals later in life.

Personal life and death
Peters was briefly married to baritone Robert Merrill in 1952, later admitting she had fallen in love with the voice and not the man. The two divorced amicably, remained friends and continued to perform together in opera and recitals. She married Bertram Fields in 1955. Their marriage produced two sons. Fields died in 2010.

Peters died of Parkinson's disease on January 18, 2017, at age 86.

title: Roberta Peters


text:
Charles Kendall Adams

Charles Kendall Adams (January 24, 1835 – July 26, 1902) was an American educator and historian. He served as the second president of Cornell University from 1885 until 1892, and as president of the University of Wisconsin from 1892 until 1901. At Cornell he established a new law school, built a library, and appointed eminent research professors for the Ivy League school. At Wisconsin, he negotiated ever-increasing appropriations from the state legislature, especially for new buildings such as the library. He was the editor-in-chief of Johnson's Universal Cyclopaedia (1892–1895), and of the successor Universal Cyclopaedia (1900), sometimes referred to as Appleton's Universal Cyclopaedia.

Biography
He was born on January 24, 1835, in Derby, Vermont, and he attended the common schools in that place till 1855, when, with his parents, he emigrated to Denmark, Iowa, where he entered an academy and commenced the study of Latin and Greek with the purpose of entering college. In the summer of 1857 he began the classical course at the University of Michigan, where he studied with Andrew Dickson White, Cornell's first president, and from where he graduated in 1861.

Taking a post-graduate course of study, he was employed to teach one of the classes in history, and at the end of the year was appointed instructor of history and Latin. In 1863 Adams became assistant professor of Latin and history at Michigan, a position which he held till 1867, when he became full professor of history until 1885. In 1867 and 1868, was spent in Germany having studied in the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg, Leipzig, Berlin, and Munich, where his object was to observe the methods of advanced instruction; about four months were passed in Italy and France, chiefly in Rome and Paris. In 1869 and 1870 established an historical seminary which proved of great value in promoting the study of history and political science. In 1881 he was made non-resident professor of history at Cornell, and in 1885 succeeded White as president of Cornell. He was forced to resign at Cornell due to conflicts with the faculty over honorary degrees and control of faculty appointments. Also in 1881, he was simultaneously invited to the presidency of the University of Kansas and the University of Nebraska, both of which positions were declined.

He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the University of Chicago in 1874, and from Harvard in 1886. In 1887 Adams was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society. In 1890 he was president of the American Historical Association. He resigned his professorship in May, 1892, and in July of the same year he was elected president of the University of Wisconsin, where he remained until October 11, 1901. He died on July 26, 1902, in Redlands, California, where he had moved in hopes of improving his health.

Works

 * Democracy and Monarchy in France (1871)
 * Manual of Historical Literature (1882)
 * Representative British Orations (1884)
 * Christopher Columbus, His Life and Work (1892)

title: Charles Kendall Adams


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Edwin Adams (actor)

Edwin Adams (February 3, 1834 – October 28, 1877) was an American stage actor, considered to have been one of America's best light comedians.

He was born in Medford, Massachusetts, and worked "at a mechanical trade in Boston" before he became an actor.

Adams began his career on the stage in The Hunchback, at the National Theatre in Boston in 1853. He also appeared in Hamlet with Kate Josephine Bateman in 1860, as well in The Serf in 1865, and The Dead Heart, Wild Oats, The Lady of Lyons, Narcisse, and The Marble Heart.

He was a member of the Actors' Order of Friendship (AOOF). A benevolent association started in 1849 with chapters in Philadelphia and New York City.

Although he apparently was not involved personally with the group, Adams allowed use of his name for the 1865 creation of the Adams's Dramatic Association in Pittsburgh.

In 1867, Adams joined Edwin Booth's acting company, appearing in Romeo and Juliet, Narcisse, Othello, and Enoch Arden, becoming the creator of the Arden role. From 1870 to 1875, Adams toured the country performing his best-known roles.

Adams toured Australia in 1876 and became ill while he was there. After he returned to the United States, he was the recipient of a benefit at the California Theatre in San Francisco.

His last appearance was at the California Theatre in San Francisco in 1876. His health failed on a visit to Australia, and he died in Philadelphia in 1877. He is buried in Mount Moriah Cemetery.

title: Edwin Adams (actor)


text:
File:SJVSANcover.png

Summary
A portion of the cover of the book Assignment Nor'Dyren.

All rights are retained by the author (Sydney J. Van Scyoc) and the publisher (Avon Books).

title: File:SJVSANcover.png


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User talk:Beles~enwiki

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hey there, and welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy your stay here--Wikipedia is a big place, and I'm sure you'll find plenty of articles and discussions that interest you. You might consider viewing the benefits you now have since you've created an account on Wikipedia. You may also wish to examine the help page or the Tutorial if you would like to learn more about contributing to the encyclopedia in general. If you'd like to work on articles along with a group of other people, try taking a look at the Collaboration of the week or one of its many sub-collaborations. Some pages that you may want to visit or use as references include User page, How to edit a page, Manual of Style, and Policies and guidelines. If you so desire, you can always drop me a line at my talk page or post a question via the Village pump.

Happy editing! --pie4all88

P.S. You can sign your name as I did using three tildes, like. If you use four instead of three, you can add a timestamp too.

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

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Renamed
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title: User talk:Beles~enwiki


text:
Nicholas Callan

Nicholas Joseph Callan (22 December 1799 – 10 January 1864) was an Irish Catholic priest and physicist. He was professor of natural philosophy at Maynooth College in County Kildare from 1834, and is best known for his work on the induction coil.

Early life and education
He was born and raised in Dundalk, County Louth, where he attended school at an academy. His local parish priest, Father Andrew Levins, then took him in hand as an altar boy and Mass server, and saw him start the priesthood at Navan seminary. He entered Maynooth College in 1816. In his third year at Maynooth, Callan studied natural and experimental philosophy under Cornelius Denvir. He introduced the experimental method into his teaching, and had an interest in electricity and magnetism.

Callan was ordained a priest in 1823 and went to Rome to study at Sapienza University, obtaining a doctorate in divinity in 1826. While in Rome he became acquainted with the work of the pioneers in electricity such as Luigi Galvani (1737–1798) who was a pioneer in bioelectricity and Alessandro Volta (1745–1827) who is known especially for the development of the electric battery. In 1826, Callan returned to Maynooth as the new professor of natural philosophy (now called physics), where he also began working with electricity in his basement laboratory at the college.

Induction coil
Influenced by William Sturgeon and Michael Faraday, Callan began work on the idea of the induction coil in 1834. He invented the first induction coil in 1836. An induction coil produces an intermittent high-voltage alternating current from a low-voltage direct current supply. It has a primary coil consisting of a few turns of thick wire wound around an iron core and subjected to a low voltage (usually from a battery). Wound on top of this is a secondary coil made up of many turns of thin wire. An iron armature and make-and-break mechanism repeatedly interrupts the current to the primary coil, producing a high-voltage, rapidly alternating current in the secondary circuit.

Callan invented the induction coil because he needed to generate a higher level of electricity than currently available. He took a bar of soft iron, about 2 ft long, and wrapped it around with two lengths of copper wire, each about 200 ft long. Callan connected the beginning of the first coil to the beginning of the second. Finally, he connected a battery, much smaller than the enormous contrivance just described, to the beginning and end of winding one. He found that when the battery contact was broken, a shock could be felt between the first terminal of the first coil and the second terminal of the second coil.

Further experimentation showed how the coil device could bring the shock from a small battery up the strength level of a big battery. So, Callan tried making a bigger coil. With a battery of only 14 seven-inch (178 mm) plates, the device produced power enough for an electric shock "so strong that a person who took it felt the effects of it for several days." Callan thought of his creation as a kind of electromagnet; but what he actually made was a primitive induction transformer.

Callan's induction coil also used an interrupter that consisted of a rocking wire that repeatedly dipped into a small cup of mercury (similar to the interrupters used by Charles Page). Because of the action of the interrupter, which could make and break the current going into the coil, he called his device the "repeater." Actually, this device was the world's first transformer. Callan had induced a high voltage in the second wire, starting with a low voltage in the adjacent first wire. And the faster he interrupted the current, the bigger the spark. In 1837 he produced his giant induction machine: using a mechanism from a clock to interrupt the current 20 times a second, it generated 15 in sparks, an estimated 60,000 volts and the largest artificial bolt of electricity then seen.

The 'Maynooth Battery' and other inventions
Callan experimented with designing batteries after he found the models available to him at the time to be insufficient for research in electromagnetism. The Year-book of Facts in Science and Art, published in 1849, has an article titled "The Maynooth Battery" which begins "We noticed this new and cheap Voltaic Battery in the Year-book of Facts, 1848, p. 14,5. The inventor, the Rev. D. Callan, Professor of Natural Philosophy in Maynooth College, has communicated to the Philosophical Magazine, No. 219, some additional experiments, comparing the power of a cast-iron (or Maynooth) battery with that of a Grove's of equal size." Some previous batteries had used rare metals such as platinum or unresponsive materials like carbon and zinc. Callan found that he could use inexpensive cast-iron instead of platinum or carbon. For his Maynooth battery he used iron casting for the outer casing and placed a zinc plate in a porous pot (a pot that had an inside and outside chamber for holding two different types of acid) in the centre. Using a single fluid cell he disposed of the porous pot and two different fluids. He was able to build a battery with just a single solution.

While experimenting with batteries, Callan also built the world's largest battery at that time. To construct this battery, he joined 577 individual batteries ("cells"), which used over 30 gallons of acid. Since instruments for measuring current or voltages had not yet been invented, Callan measured the strength of a battery by measuring how much weight his electromagnet could lift when powered by the battery. Using his giant battery, Callan's electromagnet lifted 2 tons. The Maynooth battery went into commercial production in London. Callan also discovered an early form of galvanisation to protect iron from rusting when he was experimenting on battery design, and he patented the idea.

He died in 1864 and is buried in the cemetery in St. Patrick's College, Maynooth.

Legacy
The Callan Building on the north campus of NUI Maynooth, a university which was part of St Patrick's College until 1997, was named in his honour. In addition, Callan Hall in the south campus, was used through the 1990s for first year science lectures including experimental & mathematical physics, chemistry and biology. The Nicholas Callan Memorial Prize is an annual prize awarded to the best final year student in Experimental Physics.

Publications

 * Electricity and Galvanism (introductory textbook), 1832

title: Nicholas Callan


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Frank Dawson Adams

Frank Dawson Adams (September 17, 1859 – December 26, 1942) was a Canadian geologist.

Early life and education
Frank Dawson Adams was born into a prosperous, middle-class family in Montreal, Canada East.

Adams attended the High School of Montreal (a private school founded in 1843 and closely associated with McGill University after 1852). As a pupil there, Adams received a classical education, and his knowledge of Latin was valuable later in life in his historical studies.

At the age of sixteen he entered the Applied Science Program at McGill University, where he studied geology with John William Dawson (Principal of McGill since 1852) and Bernard Harrington (who had set up the Applied Science program). In unpublished notes he described Harrington as "the professor who influenced me chiefly."

He graduated with first class honors in Applied Science in 1878, then spent a year at the Yale Scientific School, where he studied German, French, and mineralogy. It was there that he met George Wessel Hawes (1848-1882) a pioneer American petrologist, who had worked with Harry Rosenbusch in Germany. He also met a fellow-student, Andrew Cowper Lawson, and in 1888 they published a joint paper on their investigation of the mineral scapolite. Returning to Montreal, he was appointed Assistant Chemist at the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), and the following year (when the GSC moved to Ottawa), Assistant Chemist and Petrographer. He received a leave of absence to spend at least part of two years in Heidelberg, studying with Harry Rosenbusch, who by that time was the acknowledged master of microscopic petrography of igneous rocks. Rosenbusch attracted students from many different countries. While Adams was in Heidelberg he met G.H. Williams and J.S. Diller, both of whom later became leading American petrologists, as well as Victor Goldschmidt and (Carl) Alfred Osann (1859–1923), who became famous geochemists in Europe.

In 1883, Adams published the first work in Canada that made full use of the petrographic microscope, as well as a paper indicating that he had already begun the field work north of Montreal, that later became the basis of his doctorate at Heidelberg. He received a master's degree from McGill in 1884, and his Ph.D. from Heidelberg University in 1892. His doctoral studies on the Morin anorthosite showed that these rocks were not metamorphosed sediments, as thought previously, but were igneous rocks that had been intruded into Grenville sediments and later metamorphosed in the Grenville orogeny.

Career
In 1889 Adams was appointed Lecturer in Geology at McGill University. He was appointed Logan Professor of Geology after the retirement of John William Dawson in 1892 and held this position until his own retirement in 1924. Though he was working full-time at McGill, he continued to spend summers in the field, financed by the GSC. In 1891 he began working on the Grenville of eastern Ontario, and by the following year had started to work on the Haliburton, Ontario area. His work there, carried out after 1896 with Alfred Barlow of the GSC, was published as a GSC Memoir in 1908, and became a classic of Canadian geology. The rocks, which included unusual alkaline rocks, were not merely mapped, but studied in detail using petrographic and chemical methods, and firm conclusions were drawn about their petrogenesis, all of which was unusual for a GSC Memoir at that time.

At the same time, Adams was also studying the peculiar petrological characteristics of a group of alkaline intrusions of much later geological age (now known to be Early Cretaceous), called by him the "Monteregian Hills." This work would be continued by his students, notably Joseph Austin Bancroft (1882-1957), who succeeded Adams as Logan Professor at McGill. Inspired by his observations on the flow of metamorphosed limestones in the Grenville, Adams began a series of pioneer experimental studies of the physical properties of rocks at high pressures and temperatures, carried out in collaboration with John Thomas Nicholson, Professor of Engineering at McGill. This was well before comparable work was carried out in Germany or the United States. Though the experimental apparatus was primitive compared with that later developed at Harvard University and the Geophysical Laboratory in Washington, D.C., Adams' work was highly regarded by the newly founded Carnegie Institution for Science, which supported him financially, and attempted to persuade him to move to the Institution.

Adams remained at McGill, where he served as the Dean of the Faculty of Applied Science and then as Vice-Principal to the University. He served as President of the International Geological Congress held in Toronto in 1913, and was President of the Geological Society of America in 1917. He received many honors during his career, first becoming a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1896, a Fellow of the Royal Society (of Great Britain) in 1907, an International member of the American Philosophical Society in 1916, a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1917, an International Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1920, and awarded the Flavelle Medal, which is given for outstanding contributions to biological science, in 1937. The Frank Dawson Adams Building at McGill University is named in his honor. A plaque in his honor was erected on the Redpath Museum on the McGill campus in 1950.

He retired from McGill in 1924, and began to travel widely, collecting books on the history of geology, as well as rocks and minerals for McGill. He published several papers on the geology of Ceylon and also on the history of geology, culminating in his book Birth and Development of the Geological Sciences (1938). It became a classic and was reprinted by Dover Publications in 1954. He left his rare book collection (1581 monographs) to McGill university.

title: Frank Dawson Adams


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VFA-201

The VFA-201, Strike Fighter Squadron was an aviation unit of the United States Naval Reserve based at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, Texas (USA). It was established in 1970 as part of Reserve Carrier Air Wing 20 (CVWR-20) and deactivated in 2007. During its service VFA-201 could be identified by the tail code "AF" and nose numbers (MODEX) in the "100" series, typically 100 to 113. The squadron's nickname was the Hunters.

History
The United States Naval Reserve fighter squadron VF-201 was established at NAS Dallas on 25 July 1970, succeeding VF-124D1. It first flew the Vought F-8H Crusader, and in 1976 it transitioned to the McDonnell Douglas F-4N Phantom II. In 1984, the squadron transitioned to the F-4S Phantom II, the most advanced Phantom to enter service with the United States Navy. Soon the U.S. Navy moved to the policy that reserve units would have the same equipment as front line units, VF-201 transitioned to the Grumman F-14A Tomcat in early 1987 and was the last Navy squadron to fly the F-4. It took six months to complete the transition and soon VF-201 was carrier qualified on board the aircraft carrier USS Forrestal (CV-59). Even some of the F-14As received came directly from the production line at Grumman, and the unit received the final F-14A ever built. Within years the squadron was capable of dropping unguided bombs, cluster munitions TALD decoys, air laid mines, practice bombs, marker flares and various laser-guided bombs as the F-14 was reconfigured as a strike fighter. In 1993 they won the Battle "E" award and in 1994 the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) Safety "S" award. The strike capability of the F-14 has been proven in exercises such as the deployment the squadron made to NAS Fallon in 1995 as part of training for the reserve air wing CVWR-20.

Later the unit would also be able to conduct TARPS reconnaissance missions, which were originally carried out by VF-202. But as some front line F-14 squadrons saw disestablishment during the 1990s, so did the two reserve fighter squadrons and VF-202 was disestablished. Due to budgetary cutbacks in active fleet aggressor squadrons, VF-201 also began flying as aggressors when needed. In 1996 VF-201, along with the rest of RCVW-20, deployed on the USS John C. Stennis (CVN-74), during this deployment VF-201 had the opportunity to fire live weapons. The unit fired 7 AIM-9 Sidewinders, 6 AIM-7 Sparrows and 1 AIM-54 Phoenix, two additional Phoenix missiles were planned to be fired but due to technical difficulties this was aborted. VF-201 also dropped 17,000 lb of bombs.

In July 1996 VF-201 deployed to NAS Key West in Florida to provide dissimilar air training for VFA-106 Gladiators, the U.S. East Coast F/A-18 training squadron. In August and September the same year, VF-201 deployed to NAS Oceana and got to fire two Phoenix missiles as well as participating in the SFARP (Strike Fighter Air Readiness Program) course. In November 1996 VF-201 deployed to NAS Fallon where they provided Dissimilar Air Combat Training (DACT) for Carrier Air Wing Two. After this deployment to NAS Fallon, VF-201 moved to NAS Fort Worth.

In 1997 the Hunters deployed for three days with six aircraft to Elmendorf AFB, Alaska for Exercise "Arctic Express 1-97". Originally this deployment had been scheduled for an active F-14 squadron, but they were unable to attend and so VF-201 filled the slot. Less than two weeks later. In late January, VF-201 took part in a scheduled deployment to NAS Fallon and the squadron dropped 195,000 lb of ordnance and shoot 3500 rounds of 20 mm cannon ammo. In March, VF-201 deployed to NAS Key West for a two-week detachment providing training to new F-14 crews from VF-101.

In January 1999 the Hunters transitioned to the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18A Hornet because the F-14 Tomcat was out of production and the Navy senior leadership wanted the F-14As in the Naval Air Reserve reassigned back to active duty F-14 squadrons. VF-201 was re-designated VFA-201 to signify its new multi-mission capability as a strike fighter squadron.

Some of their deployments included: Carrier detachments: USS Dwight D. Eisenhower, USS John F. Kennedy, USS Kitty Hawk, and the USS John C. Stennis.

Tours of Duty locations: Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico, Sigonella Airbase, Sicily, Key West NAS, FL., Fallon, NV., Oceana, VA., Point Magu, CA., and Eglin AFB, FL.

2003 combat deployment
VFA-201 was the seventh tactical Navy reserve squadron mobilized since the Korean War (three East Coast based and three West Coast based USNR squadrons were activated during the Vietnam war on 28 January 1968), and were one of three reserve squadrons to deploy for combat operations (the other two were HCS-4 and HCS-5). After completing the Strike Fighter Advanced Readiness Program (SFARP) from their home base in Fort Worth and the Carrier Air Wing Eight coordinated strike detachment in Fallon, Nevada, they deployed on board USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) from 6 January to 29 May 2003, where they received numerous awards for their performance over Iraq during the first phases of Operation Iraqi Freedom. In fact, the squadron delivered over 220,000 pounds of ordnance on Iraq targets. Additionally, VFA-201 had an unprecedented 84.6 target acquisition rate during Iraqi Freedom and won the Carrier Air Wing Eight landing grade competition for their entire workup and combat deployment. Eighteen of the nineteen pilots deployed were graduates of TOPGUN.

Decommissioning
VFA-201 was officially deactivated on 30 June 2007, and all hardware assets were transferred to their Reserve sister squadron, VFA-204, or other active-duty Navy and Marine Corps units.

Notable members

 * John M. Lounge, astronaut

title: VFA-201


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James Adams

James Adams may refer to:

Academia

 * James Adams (Jesuit) (1737–1802), English philologist
 * James Truslow Adams (1878–1949), American historian
 * James Luther Adams (1901–1994), American theologian
 * James B. Adams (professor), professor at Arizona State University
 * James Noel Adams (1943–2021), emeritus Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford and historian of the Latin language

Arts and entertainment

 * James Barton Adams (1843–1918), cowboy poet
 * James Adams (entrepreneur), American author and entrepreneur
 * James B. Adams (composer) (c. 1749 – after 1794), English composer, organist, and cellist
 * Jim Adams (musician) (born 1967), American heavy metal guitarist
 * James Adams (character), character in the CHERUB series by Robert Muchamore

Government and politics

 * James Adams (MP) (1752–1816), British Member of Parliament and Lord of the Admiralty
 * James Adams (Massachusetts politician) (1810–1880), mayor of Charlestown, Massachusetts
 * James Hopkins Adams (1812–1861), American governor of South Carolina
 * James Uriah Adams (1812–1871), his cousin, American planter and politician South Carolina
 * J. M. Adams (1834–1875), American politician in Wisconsin
 * James L. Adams (1921–2014), American politician
 * James B. Adams (1926–2020), attorney, Texas legislator, and acting director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
 * James Adams (diplomat) (1932–2020), British diplomat
 * W. James Adams, deputy chief technologist at NASA

Religion

 * James Adams (archdeacon of Kildare) (1780–1864), Irish Anglican priest
 * James Adams (Latter Day Saints) (1783–1843), American lawyer and intimate friend of the Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of the Latter Day Saint movement
 * James Adams (chaplain) (1839–1903), Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * James Adams (bishop of Barking) (1915–1999), bishop of Barking, 1975–1983
 * James M. Adams Jr. (born 1948), Episcopal bishop in America

Sports

 * James Adams (cricketer, born 1811) (1811–1851), English cricketer
 * James Adams (cricketer, born 1904) (1904–1988), Australian cricketer
 * James Adams (cricketer, born 1980) (born 1980), English cricketer
 * James Adams (footballer, born 1864) (1864–1943), Scottish footballer
 * James Adams (footballer, born 1896) (1896–1973), English footballer who played for Chesterfield
 * James Adams (footballer, born 1908) (1908–1983), English footballer who played for West Bromwich Albion
 * Jim Adams (baseball) (1868–?), American baseball player
 * Jim Adams (lacrosse) (1928–2019), American college lacrosse coach
 * Jim Adams (soccer) (born 1969), English soccer player

Other

 * James "Grizzly" Adams (1812–1860), American hunter, basis of a television program
 * James F. Adams (1844–1922), American Civil War Medal of Honor recipient
 * James W. Adams, carpenter, builder and designer in Kentucky

title: James Adams


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James Truslow Adams

James Truslow Adams (October 18, 1878 – May 18, 1949) was an American writer and historian. He was a freelance author who helped to popularize the latest scholarship about American history and his three-volume history of New England is well regarded by scholars. He popularized the phrase "American Dream" in his 1931 book The Epic of America.

Early life
Adams was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a wealthy family, the son of Elizabeth Harper (née Truslow) and stockbroker William Newton Adams Jr.

His father had been born in Caracas, Venezuela. His paternal grandfather, William Newton Adams Sr., was American of English descent with roots in Virginia and his paternal grandmother, Carmen Michelena de Salias, a Venezuelan of Spanish descent with roots in eighteenth-century Gipuzkoa and Seville. The earliest paternal ancestor was Francis Adams from England, an indentured servant who settled the Province of Maryland in 1638.

Adams took his bachelor's degree from the New York University Tandon School of Engineering (then Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn) in 1898, and a MA degree from Yale University in 1900. He entered investment banking, rising to partner in a New York Stock Exchange member firm. In 1912, he considered his savings ample enough to switch to a career as a writer.

In 1917, he served with Colonel House on President Wilson's commission, "The Inquiry", to prepare data for the Paris Peace Conference. By 1918, he was a captain in the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff of the U.S. Army. By late 1918, he was selected for the U.S. delegation to the Paris Peace Conference. His main task consisted in the provision of maps and the selection of plans and atlases that should be acquired by the War College, the American Geographical Society, and the Library of Congress.

Writer
Adams gained national attention with his trilogy on the history of New England (1921–26), winning the Pulitzer Prize for the first volume. Scholars welcomed his social history of the colonial era, Provincial Society, 1690–1763 (1927). He wrote popular books and magazine articles in a steady stream. His Epic of America was an international bestseller, and was included in Life Magazine's list of the 100 outstanding books of 1924–1944. He was also the editor of a scholarly multi-volume Dictionary of American History. Adams was the editor, with Roy V. Coleman as managing editor, of The Atlas of American History (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1943), and The Album of American History, 4 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1944).

American Dream
Adams coined the term "American Dream" in his 1931 book The Epic of America. His American Dream is "that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position." However, Adams felt the American Dream was in peril during the 1920s and 30s. He complained that "money making and material improvements . . . mere extensions of the material basis of existence", had gained ascendancy, becoming "goods in themselves . . . [mimicking] the aspects of moral virtues." The original American Dream had always been about "quality and spiritual values": "The American dream that has lured tens of millions of all nations to our shores in the past century has not been a dream of merely material plenty, although that has doubtless counted heavily. It has been much more than that." He warned that "in our struggle to 'make a living'" we were neglecting "to live". The Epic of America was his attempt to save a "priceless heritage", and sustain the distinctly American understanding of progress in humane and moral terms. The true American Dream was of "a genuine individual search and striving for the abiding values of life", and for the "common man to rise to full stature" in the free realms of "communal spiritual and intellectual life."

Two educations
A quote from one of Adams' essays "There are obviously two educations. One should teach us how to make a living and the other how to live" is widely misattributed to John Adams. The quote is part of an essay by Adams entitled "To 'Be' or to 'Do': A Note on American Education" which appeared in the June, 1929 issue of Forum. The essay is very critical of American education, both in school and at the university level, and explores the role of American culture and class-consciousness in forming that system of education.

In a more complete version of that quote, Adams says: "There are obviously two educations. One should teach us how to make a living and the other how to live. Surely these should never be confused in the mind of any man who has the slightest inkling of what culture is. For most of us it is essential that we should make a living ... In the complications of modern life and with our increased accumulation of knowledge, it doubtless helps greatly to compress some years of experience into far fewer years by studying for a particular trade or profession in an institution; but that fact should not blind us to another—namely, that in so doing we are learning a trade or a profession, but are not getting a liberal education as human beings."

Death
Adams lived in Southport, Connecticut, where he died of a heart attack.

Honors
After 1930, Adams was active in the American Academy of Arts and Letters serving as both chancellor and treasurer of that organization. He was also a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, the Massachusetts Historical Society, American Antiquarian Society, American Historical Association, and the American Philosophical Society. Among British societies, he was honored as a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.

title: James Truslow Adams


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Comus (band)

Comus are a British progressive folk band who had a brief career in the early 1970s. Their first album, First Utterance, has garnered them a cult following that persists to today. They reunited in 2009, and have played several festivals and released a new album called Out of the Coma.

History
Comus was formed in 1969 by art students Roger Wootton and Glenn Goring, who developed their musical style performing in folk clubs in and around Bromley in Kent. The band was named after Comus (a masque by John Milton), and also after the name of the Greek god Comus. The band grew from an early folk duo to a six-piece ensemble; in that later form, David Bowie came to appreciate them. They appeared regularly at his Arts Lab project in Beckenham, Kent. He also invited them to be his support act in a 1969 concert at London's Purcell Rooms.

Their first album, First Utterance, with cover art by Wootton and Goring, appeared in 1971. The music is largely acoustic art rock (also described as acoustic metal and acid folk) that blends elements of Eastern percussion, early folk and animal-like vocals. The lyrics involve violence, murder, mental disorder and the mystical. Tiny Mix Tapes rated First Utterance five stars out of five.

After the album, woodwind player Rob Young was replaced by Lindsay Cooper, and the new lineup developed material for a never-released second album. No recording by this lineup would see the light of day for another 40 years. The group disbanded for a time, but Wootton, Andy Hellaby and Bobbie Watson reformed the band with new members for their second album, To Keep from Crying, in 1974.

A complete box set was released in 2005; this features both studio albums, their only single, "Diana", and a previously unreleased track called "All the Colours of Darkness". The liner notes feature an exclusive interview with some members of the band. They reformed for the Mellotronen Festival in Sweden in March 2008. They have continued to perform occasional gigs, including some new material.

On 13 June 2009, Comus performed for the first time in the UK in 37 years, at the Equinox Festival at Conway Hall.

A reunion album, Out of the Coma, was released in June 2012. It contains three new tracks: "Out of the Coma", "The Sacrifice" (both written by Wootton) and "The Return" (written by Goring), plus a 1972 live recording of unfinished material from their abandoned follow-up to First Utterance, "The Malgaard Suite". Sputnik Music rated Out of the Coma 3.5 out of 5. Louder Sound rated it four stars out of five.

The members were active outside Comus. Wootton also appears on some recordings by Slapp Happy. Cooper went on to join Henry Cow. Reed player Jon Seagroatt is also a member of free-improvising trio Red Square. Colin Pearson went on to produce hits for other artists, including "Forever Young" for Alphaville. Seagroatt and singer Bobbie Watson married in 2003.

Influence
In 1998, Opeth singer and songwriter Mikael Åkerfeldt used part of a sentence from "Drip Drip" for the title of the album My Arms, Your Hearse. The full line was "As I carry you to your grave, my arms your hearse".

The song "Moonlapse Vertigo" from Still Life contains the lyric "Across the leafy pathway," which was taken from Comus' "Diana."

Another nod to Comus was given on the 2005 Opeth album Ghost Reveries. The second track, "The Baying of the Hounds", was derived from a line in the song "Diana" which reads, "And she knows by the sound of the baying, by the baying of the hounds".

English experimental band Current 93 covered the song "Diana" from First Utterance on their studio album Horsey. Musically, this version differs considerably from the original, with David Tibet singing the lyrics in an agonized fashion and constructing most of the song from a loop based around a vertiginous violin arrangement from the original.

Personnel

 * Current members
 * Roger Wootton – acoustic guitar, lead vocals (1969–1972, 1974, 2008–present)
 * Glenn Goring – 6–12 acoustic guitar, electric guitar, slide, hand drums, backing vocals (1969–72, 2008–present)
 * Andy Hellaby – Fender bass, slide bass, backing vocals (1969–1972, 1974, 2008–present)
 * Colin Pearson – violin, viola (1969–72, 2008–present)
 * Bobbie Watson – lead and backing vocals, percussion (1969–1972, 1974, 2008–present)
 * Jon Seagroatt – flute, oboe, hand drums (2008–present)

 * Former members
 * Rob Young – flute, oboe, hand drums (1969–71)
 * Gordon Coxon – drums (1974)
 * Keith Hale – keyboards (1974)
 * Lindsay Cooper – bassoon (1972, 1974)

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * First Utterance (1971)
 * To Keep from Crying (1974)
 * Out of the Coma (2012)

 * Live albums
 * East of Sweden: Live at Melloboat Festival 2008 (2011)
 * Out of the Coma (2012) recorded 1972

 * Box sets
 * Song to Comus: The Complete Collection (2005)

 * EPs
 * "Diana / In the Lost Queen's Eyes / Winter is a Coloured Bird" (1971)

 * Roger Wootton solo single
 * "Fiesta Fandango" / "New Tide"

title: Comus (band)


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Gregor Piatigorsky

Gregor Piatigorsky (Григо́рий Па́влович Пятиго́рский, Grigoriy Pavlovich Pyatigorskiy; April 17 1903 – August 6, 1976 ) was a Russian Empire-born American cellist.

Early life
Gregor Piatigorsky was born in Ekaterinoslav (now Dnipro, Ukraine) into a Jewish family. As a child, he was taught violin and piano by his father. After seeing and hearing the cello at an orchestra concert, he was determined to become a cellist and was given his first cello when he was seven.

Piatigorsky won a scholarship to the Moscow Conservatory, studying with Alfred von Glehn, Anatoliy Brandukov, and a certain Gubariov. At the same time, he was earning money for his family by playing in local cafés, brothels and silent movie houses.

Piatigorsky was 13 when the Russian Revolution took place. Shortly afterward, he started playing in the Lenin Quartet. At 15, he was hired as the principal cellist for the Bolshoi Theater.

The Soviet authorities, specifically Anatoly Lunacharsky, would not allow Piatigorsky to travel abroad to further his studies, so he smuggled himself and his cello into Poland on a cattle train with a group of artists. One of the women was a heavy-set soprano who, when the border guards started shooting at them, grabbed Piatigorsky and his cello. The cello did not survive intact, but it was the only casualty.

Now 18, Piatigorsky studied briefly in Berlin and Leipzig, with Hugo Becker and Julius Klengel, playing in a trio in a Russian café to earn money for food. Among the patrons of the café were Emanuel Feuermann and Wilhelm Furtwängler. Furtwängler heard Piatigorsky and hired him as the principal cellist of the Berlin Philharmonic.

Family
In January 1937, Piatigorsky married Jacqueline de Rothschild, daughter of Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild of the wealthy Rothschild banking family of France. That fall, after returning to France, they had their first child, Jephta. After the Nazi occupation in World War II, the family left France on September 5, 1939, by boat for the United States from Le Havre and settled in Elizabethtown in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, where Piatigorsky had already bought a house. It was also his parents-in-law's first U.S. residence after their flight from France in 1939. Their son, Joram, was born in Elizabethtown in 1940. Piatigorsky had three grandsons by Jephta (Jonathan, Evan, Eric) and two by Joram (Auran, Anton)

United States
In 1929, Piatigorsky first visited the United States, playing with the Philadelphia Orchestra under Leopold Stokowski and the New York Philharmonic under Willem Mengelberg.

From 1941 to 1949, Piatigorsky was head of the cello department at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia, and he also taught at Tanglewood, Boston University. In 1949 he moved to California because a doctor had advised him to move to a better climate to stop Joram's constant colds and ear infections. Piatigorsky favored Los Angeles, because many of his friends, such as Rubinstein, Heifetz, and Stravinsky, lived there. He taught at the University of Southern California, with which he remained associated until his death. USC established the Piatigorsky Chair of Violoncello in 1974 to honor him.

Piatigorsky participated in a chamber group with Arthur Rubinstein (piano), William Primrose (viola) and Jascha Heifetz (violin). Referred to in some circles as the "Million Dollar Trio", Rubinstein, Heifetz, and Piatigorsky made several recordings for RCA Victor.

Piatigorsky played chamber music privately with Heifetz, Vladimir Horowitz, Leonard Pennario, and Nathan Milstein. He also performed at Carnegie Hall with Horowitz and Milstein in the 1930s.

In 1965, his popular autobiography, Cellist, was published.

Gregor Piatigorsky died of lung cancer at his home in Los Angeles in 1976. He was interred in the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery.

 Instrument

He owned two Stradivarius cellos, the "Batta" and the "Baudiot". From 1939 to 1951 Piatigorsky also owned the famous 1739 Domenico Montagnana cello known as the "Sleeping Beauty".

Appraisal
The great violin pedagogue Ivan Galamian reportedly once called Piatigorsky the greatest string player of all time. He was an extraordinarily dramatic player. His orientation as a performer was to convey maximum expression. He brought a great authenticity to his understanding of this expression. He was able to communicate this authenticity because he had had extensive personal and professional contact with many of the great composers of the day.

Many of those composers wrote pieces for him, including Sergei Prokofiev (Cello Concerto ), Paul Hindemith (Cello Concerto), Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco (Cello Concerto ), William Walton (Cello Concerto), Vernon Duke (Cello Concerto), and Igor Stravinsky (Piatigorsky and Stravinsky collaborated on the arrangement of Stravinsky's "Suite Italienne", which was extracted from Pulcinella, for cello and piano; Stravinsky demonstrated an extraordinary method of calculating fifty-fifty royalties ). At a rehearsal of Richard Strauss's Don Quixote, which Piatigorsky performed with the composer conducting, after the dramatic slow variation in D minor, Strauss announced to the orchestra, "Now I've heard my Don Quixote as I imagined him."

Piatigorsky had a magnificent sound characterized by a distinctive fast and intense vibrato and he was able to execute with consummate articulation all manner of extremely difficult bowings, including a downbow staccato of which other string players could not help but be in awe. He often attributed his penchant for drama to his student days when he accepted an engagement playing during the intermissions in recitals by the great Russian basso Feodor Chaliapin. When portraying his dramatic roles, such as the title role in Boris Godunov, Chaliapin not only sang, but declaimed, almost shouting. On encountering him one day, the young Piatigorsky told him, "You talk too much and don't sing enough." Chaliapin responded, "You sing too much and don't talk enough." Piatigorsky thought about this and from that point on, tried to incorporate the kind of drama and expression he heard in Chaliapin's singing into his own artistic expression.

Works
Piatigorsky was also a composer. His Variations on a Paganini Theme (based on Caprice No. 24) was composed in 1946 for cello and orchestra and orchestrated by his longtime accompanist Ralph Berkowitz; it was later transcribed for cello and piano. Each of the 15 variations whimsically portrays one of Piatigorsky's musician colleagues. Denis Brott, a student of Piatigorsky, identified them as Casals, Hindemith, Garbousova, Morini, Salmond, Szigeti, Menuhin, Milstein, Kreisler, a self-portrait, Cassadó, Elman, Bolognini, Heifetz, and Horowitz.

Partial discography

 * Heifetz, Primrose & Piatigorsky (RCA Victor LP LSC-2563)    RCA Victor Red Seal  1961
 * Heifetz & Piatigorsky (Stereo LP LSC-3009)    RCA Victor Red Seal  1968
 * The Heifetz Piatigorsky Concerts (21-CD boxed set, original album collection) Sony-RCA 88725451452, 2013

Chess
Piatigorsky also enjoyed playing chess. His wife, Jacqueline Piatigorsky, was a strong player who played in several U.S. women's championships and represented the U.S. in the women's Chess Olympiad. In 1963, the Piatigorskys organized and financed a strong international tournament in Los Angeles, won by Paul Keres and Tigran Petrosian. A second Piatigorsky Cup was held in Santa Monica in 1966 and won by Boris Spassky.

title: Gregor Piatigorsky


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Tom Adams (illustrator)

Thomas Charles Renwick Adams (March 29, 1926 – December 9, 2019) was a US-born Anglo-Scots illustrator and painter. Long active in a variety of visual formats, he is known for his work in book cover art, portrait painting, poster, advertising and album art. He is most widely known for his book cover art for the paperback editions of Agatha Christie.

Family background and influence
Adams was born into a family of town and urban planners. His grandfather, Thomas Adams (1871–1940), was an influential urban planner, who served as an advisor to Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt and went on to found the Civic Improvement League in 1915 and the Town Planning Institution of Canada in 1919. Indeed, it is not an exaggeration to suggest that Thomas Adams was one of the principal founders of urban planning as a discipline. His two sons went on to make their mark in American and English town and urban planning. The younger son, Frederick Johnstone Adams, was a member of the faculty of MIT from 1932 to 1964, who helped to establish the Department of Urban Studies and Planning, serving as its first Head of Department from 1944 to 1957. Tom Adams's father, James W. Renwick Adams OBE (1898–1969), worked as a planner for the English county council of Kent. From this background, the strong sense of visual composition in Tom Adams's work becomes more understandable. Moreover, Adams's visual work is drawn to the challenge of integrating seemingly disparate elements into an integral whole.

Early life and career
Adams served for two years in the navy (1944–1946). He then trained at the Chelsea School of Art and Goldsmiths College, where he received a National Diploma of Painting in 1949. Between 1953 and 1960 Adams provided illustrations for the youth-oriented UK publications Eagle, Girl and Swift. In 1958, he founded Adams Design Associates with Anna and Andy Garnett, where he produced large murals in the then-new medium of laminated plastic for various firms such as the Royal Bank of Scotland, Chartered Bank, Aspro Nicholas and Airscrew Jicwood.

In 1965, Adams joined his father, the late James W.R. Adams OBE, eminent town planner and landscape architect, who was planning and design consultant to the Poster Advertising Planning Committee, for whom he helped produce a book: Posters Look to the Future.

Creative activities
In the 1960s and 1970s he became involved with several distinguished poets, including Edward Lucie-Smith, Ted Hughes, C. Day Lewis, Brian Patten, George MacBeth and Adrian Henri as well as artists Sandra Blow, John Piper, Josef Herman, and Mark Boyle and among others, producing poetry prints published by his own gallery, the Fulham Gallery, London. Adams also designed posters for Mark Boyle's light shows (The Sensual Laboratory), the Jimi Hendrix Experience and Soft Machine. His connection with the modern world of rock music continued when he met Lou Reed, an admirer of his Christie and Raymond Chandler covers. Adams designed the cover for his first solo album.

During this period, Adams met Virgil Pomfret and joined his artists' agency. Apart from a few gaps when pursuing other activities (like running art galleries), Adams remained with Pomfret for many years. With Pomfret's representation, Adams began a career as a book cover illustrator, most notably for the early John Fowles's novels The Collector, The Magus and The French Lieutenant's Woman and the now famous paperback covers for Agatha Christie (Collins UK and Simon & Schuster USA). A book on these cover paintings, Tom Adams’ Agatha Christie Cover Story with commentary by Julian Symons and Introduction by John Fowles was published in 1981 by Dragons World.

He also designed several covers for Raymond Chandler. Adams also provided the illustrations for the hardback editions of John Fowles' The Collector, The Magus and The French Lieutenant's Woman. He also created the covers for Patrick White's The Vivisector, David Storey's Saville. Ghost Story by Peter Straub and Kingsley Amis' Colonel Sun.

Around this time, having completed a private commission to paint a portrait of Benjamin Britten in 1971, the Aldeburgh Festival committee commissioned him to produce a limited edition print with William Plomer and Mary Potter as part of the fundraising for the restoration of the Snape Maltings. His occasional portrait commissions have included HRH Prince of Wales, Benjamin Britten (twice), Federico Fellini for the Playboy organization, Bud Flanagan, Richard Dimbleby, and President Tubman of Liberia. In 1997, he was commissioned to paint a posthumous portrait of Enid Blyton, whose centenary occurred that year, by the family and estate, in the style of the Britten portrait. This was later auctioned at Sotheby's in aid of the Children's Charity, The Royal Variety Club of Great Britain.

Tom Adams worked in films from time to time, mostly science fiction, including 2001: A Space Odyssey and Flash Gordon with Nic Roeg and Mike Hodges. In music, he did covers for Lou Reed's self-titled album and Iron Maiden's compilation Edward the Great.

The Agatha Christie paperback covers
Agatha Christie was no newcomer to the paperback format. Indeed, she was part of Allen Lane’s famous ten-book launch of Penguin Books. The success of Penguin Books in the UK and PocketBooks in the US—niche paperback publishers—in the years following WWII, inspired traditional publishers to produce paperbacks. By the early 60s, Collins decided it wanted to do something more artistically distinct with Christie’s paperback covers. Impressed with Adams’s cover for John Fowles’ The Collector, Collins engaged Adams.

He was commissioned to do a trial cover of A Murder Is Announced, which was published with his cover in 1962. Everyone involved was pleased with the outcome. As a result, Adams ended up doing covers for many of Christie's paperbacks, often more than once. The covers he primarily did not create art for were the pre-1926 books which Fontana did not have the publishing rights to. PocketBooks in the US very much wanted more realistic covers. For this reason, most of Adams's covers for the US editions feature a single dramatic or portentous scene from the novel than spans the front and rear covers. The two exceptions are "Nemesis" and "The Mystery of the Blue Train". Fontana in the UK was much more open to Adams's creative input. Thus, the UK covers were often akin to a stylized tableau or surrealist collage. Adams ended up doing the covers for Agatha Christie paperbacks for twenty-eight years (1962-1980), thus becoming connected with her intimately in the minds of many readers.

Technique and style
Adams's book cover artwork, while usually instantly recognizable, runs to quite distinct modes. Some covers are still-life tableaux; some are depictions of a scene in the novel; some are surrealist collations of items and images. Organizing the vast majority of them, however, is Adams's unique exploration of a form that was vital for much of twentieth-century art: the collage.

Adams's unique take on this was to bring the collage back into the realm of the painterly. Seen in this light, even Adams's covers that seem like still lifes are, in actuality, juxtapositions of elements and objects that normally are not in such proximity. It is this uncanny proximity—despite (or, rather, precisely because of) the near photo-realistic accuracy—that creates the unsettling effect.

This element also goes to explain one of the most distinctive features of Adams's art: the combination of a sought-after realistic accuracy with an unsettling, surrealist, if not alienating, effect. As Janet Morgan, Agatha Christie's first biographer, put it, Adams's drawings are "alarmingly realistic."

Doctor Who
Adams' design for the Fontana Books edition of the Agatha Christie mystery Death in the Clouds, featuring a giant wasp, inspired the monster in the Doctor Who adventure The Unicorn and the Wasp, broadcast in 2008. A copy of the book, featuring Adams' cover, appeared in the episode.

Awards and publications
Adams won various awards for illustration, notably the American Society of Illustrators, The American Art Directors Association, and The Design and Art Directors Association, UK. His work is in numerous private collections and he exhibited in London, Toronto, Tokyo, Dublin, Sydney, Marbella, and more recently in Exeter and Torquay, the setting for many of Agatha Christie's mysteries. He designed, printed and published his own limited editions.

Two monographs have been published on his work: Tom Adams' Agatha Christie Cover Story (published as Agatha Christie: The Art of Her Crimes in the United States), Paper Tiger, 1981 and Tom Adams Uncovered, HarperCollins, 2015.

title: Tom Adams (illustrator)


text: User talk:128.113.152.28

title: User talk:128.113.152.28


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Rich Man, Poor Man (novel)

Rich Man, Poor Man is a 1969 novel by Irwin Shaw. It is the last of the novels of Shaw's middle period before he began to concentrate, in his last works such as Evening In Byzantium, Nightwork, Bread Upon The Waters and Acceptable Losses on the inevitability of impending death. The title is taken from the nursery rhyme "Tinker, Tailor". The novel was adapted into a 1976 miniseries.

Background
The novel is a sprawling work, with over 600 pages, and covers many of the themes Shaw returns to again and again in all of his fiction – Americans living as expatriates in Europe, the McCarthy era, children trying to break away from the kind of life lived by their parents, social and political issues of capitalism, and the pain of relationships. On the very first page Shaw subtly telegraphs the sad ending of the story, in the same way that the first scene of a film will often quote the last scene.

Originally published as a short story in Playboy Magazine, it became an international bestseller when published as a novel. The bulk of the novel concerns the three children of German Americans Mary Pease and Axel Jordache – the eldest, Gretchen, the middle child, Rudolph, and the youngest, Thomas. It chronicles their experiences from the end of World War II until the late 1960s.

Plot summary
In the early parts of the novel Shaw goes to great lengths to make the point about "Jordache blood" – violent, bitter, resentful. One of the ways he does this is by meticulously describing the hate-filled marriage of the parents, Mary and Axel. The novel is told in the third person omniscient point of view but never wholly objectively, often through the lens of the consciousness of one of the five family members. When told through the POV of either Mary or Axel the view of humanity, and of the Jordache family, is relentlessly bleak and pessimistic.

The tripwire that sets all of the ensuing plot action in motion occurs when Gretchen Jordache begins an affair with the president of the company she works for, Teddy Boylan, a man much older than herself. Eventually her brothers Rudolph and Thomas also become involved with Boylan, in different ways, and it is his influence upon all three that first springs each of them into the world beyond the small upstate New York town where their parents scrape by with their bakery. Boylan constitutes their first true encounters with an adult beyond their parents.

Many people, mainly because of their familiarity with the miniseries rather than the actual source material, thought of the story as a very simplistic juxtaposition of the virtuous, goody two shoes brother (Rudolph) with the black sheep, ne'er-do-well younger sibling (Thomas, whom Shaw seeks to differentiate psychologically by means of a physical symbol – he is the only blond haired member of the family), but the novel is much more complex than this in its demonstrative understructure. For example, Rudolph is constantly developing positive relationships only with people who can help him - his father, Mr. Calderwood, Johnny Heath, Boylan. In stark contrast to this both Gretchen and Thomas consistently entangle themselves with the kinds of people that modern self-help literature calls "drain people" or "toxic people". A couple of examples: Thomas' only friend in the world, Claude, gives him up immediately to the authorities the second his own well-being is threatened, and when Axel Jordache learns of Tom's actions his only impulse is to get rid of him, to send him away to live with family in Ohio. Contrast this with Rudolph's friend, Johnny Heath, who becomes his lifelong friend, attorney, and business partner, and also with what Axel Jordache does when confronted by Rudolph's French teacher over a behavior miscue – he slaps the teacher in the face.

Boylan serves as the MacGuffin that drives the plot for all three of the Jordache siblings. For Gretchen he is an introduction to the world of men and relationships. He awakens in her the realization that she is the kind of woman who reduces men to cowering wimps but who cannot, perhaps somewhat paradoxically, put together a sound, completely fulfilling relationship. Her marriage to Willie Abbott collapses under the weight of his alcoholism and her marriage to Colin Burke ends in tragedy when Burke dies in a car accident. Similarly none of her numerous affairs bear any genuine emotional fruit.

It is because of Boylan that Thomas embarks on a savage act of vandalism (with his friend Claude, who eventually turns him in). When caught, the men of the town present Axel Jordache with a choice – send Thomas away or let him and the family face the consequences with the law. Jordache sends him away to live with his brother in Ohio, thus beginning a pattern that is repeated over and over and over in the novel: Thomas settles somewhere for a while, does OK for a time, then gets into trouble and has to flee.

Finally Boylan offers to pay for Rudolph to go to college. Although on one level Rudolph despises Boylan as a petty vindictive rich pervert of an old man, he sees another side of him as well - the financially independent man of the world who wants for nothing. Shaw uses Rudolph's even, balanced judgment of Boylan as a counterpoint to the wholly negative, wholly one-sided opinion of him both Gretchen and Thomas, in their own separate ways, cling to.

Adaptations
A 1976 miniseries adaptation of the novel premiered on ABC and starred Peter Strauss as Rudy, Susan Blakely as Julie and Nick Nolte as Tom.

In 1982, an adaptation of Shaw's novel was realised by Lithuanian Film Studios of the Soviet TV.

In 2011, a Turkish drama was also an adaptation of Rich Man, Poor Man with a different twist: in Kuzey Güney miniseries, starring Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ, Buğra Gülsoy and Öykü Karayel, Kuzey was shown as the tough, wild and rebellious son (but inside he was noble and child hearten person) and Güney was shown as an responsible, calm and clean son of a hate-filled couple Sami and Handan Tekinoglu of Istanbul.

Sequel
Shaw released a sequel to the novel titled, Beggarman, Thief in 1977.

title: Rich Man, Poor Man (novel)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Federal Commonwealth Society/hist

Federal Commonwealth Society
Not notable, useless article that should be deleted. Spinboy 22:50, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: It's also a vanity article. Spinboy 01:10, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Seems a target for vandals, for some reason. And it has 72 members?  Commonwealth_of_Nations is the group that this group affects but doesn't seem to be directly related.  Could somebody editing the page elaborate? No Vote Yet. hfool 23:22, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Political advocacy of dubious notability. Wyss 23:30, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I agree that they seem to be bunch of nutcases, but they appear to be at least as notable as the British Israel Society, who are a bunch of nutcases of well known provenance. [[User:GeorgeStepanek|GeorgeStepanek\talk ]] 01:02, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. They are an actual group that many would be interested to read about. It sounds like people want it banned just because they do not like the ideas of the society. They don't sound crazy at all (which the British Israel lot clearly are), in fact looking at their forum (on their main site) they appear largely to be quite well-balanced people open to debate, although many of them are weighted heavily to right-of-centre [an Observer] - p.s. sorry if I should only be posting here as a registered user :0)
 * Keep: I fail to see the problem – it is an actual group. Roberdin
 * Comment:Aren't you the person who set up the article in the first place, and run the society? Article is too one sided, and doesn't talk about the far right undertones of the group e.g. only majority white countries are included in the FC.
 * Comment: Yes, that's correct, I did set the page up, but that puts me in a better position to comment about it ;-). You will notice that the idea is to include all Crown Commonwealth countries, which would include the West Indies. Additionally, all of our countries are very multicultural anyway. It has been often noted that the building trade would ground to a halt in London if it were not for the Albanians ;-) Roberdin 12:57, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep: JoelUK
 * User has seven edits, probable sockpuppet. --fvw *  04:53, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. --fvw *  04:51, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)
 * Delete, advocacy article for a non-notable organization. AndyL 04:56, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - SimonP 08:03, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - if there isn't room on Wikipedia for an article about a group like this, where is there room? It appears to be be a real group. Their level of wackiness should not be a barrier. We have lots of articles about Social Credit and Lyndon Larouche and Ralph Klein, for example.Kevintoronto 16:12, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Ralph Klein is the Premier of Alberta and is notable and worthy of inclusion. The FCS is just a fringe organization no one knows or cares about. Spinboy 17:35, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Some would argue that the Province of Alberta is a fringe organization, too. (Referenda on questions of human rights, indeed.) That no-one knows about something is a strange argument to use for deleting an article - should we only have articles about things everybody already knows about? As far as caring about it, I found the article and website to be interesting. I would not have known about the FCS if not for Wikipedia. I admit that I am interested in political fringe movements. That's what brought me to Wikipeida in the first place. There are lots of otgher places on the web to learn about mainstream organizations, but not so many for learning about the fringe. Kevintoronto 17:50, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * It is arguable that perhaps the Province of Alberta is fringe too, but it's a province, a political division, and by that virture is included. And Ralph Klein is it's leader, so again, by that virtue, is included. The FCS is not notable, and has no one notable supporting them. Anyway, this argument seems to be moot since it looks like the article was deleted. Spinboy 18:28, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * It does seem to be gone. That it regrettable. There are numerous articles on minor/obscure/fringe Canadian political parties and movements that could be deleted on the same basis, and then there would be nowhere to find info on them. I can only hope that the Deletion Meanies don't find the articles.Kevintoronto 19:27, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)


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Tom Adams (politician)

Jon Michael Geoffrey Manningham Adams (September 24, 1931 – March 11, 1985), known as Tom Adams, was a Barbadian politician who served as the second prime minister of Barbados from 1976 until 1985.

Personal life
The only son of Sir Grantley Adams (a lawyer and the only Premier of the West Indies Federation) and Grace Adams ( Thorne), Tom Adams was educated at Harrison College, from which he won a Barbados Scholarship to Magdalen College of the University of Oxford.

Prime Minister
He served as the second Prime Minister of Barbados between 1976 and 1985. His party, the Barbados Labour Party (BLP), had capitalized on the population's desire for a change from Errol Barrow's Democratic Labour Party, which had governed the island since independence in 1966.

Adams moved the country back towards the liberalism the BLP had been founded on, a trend in keeping with the popularity of liberal economist Friedrich Hayek in Margaret Thatcher's Britain and Ronald Reagan's United States in the early 1980s.

In 1983, Adams was the leading proponent in the grouping of Eastern Caribbean states that asked Reagan to intervene when a leadership struggle within the Leninist ruling party on Grenada ended in bloodshed. On Oct. 12, a military-backed, insurgent faction led by Bernard Coard, Grenada's deputy prime minister, ousted Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and put him under house arrest. When Bishop's followers sought to restore him to power a week later, he and seven of his most loyal followers were executed by a Grenadian military firing squad. Adams was convinced that further disorder on Grenada was inevitable and posed a threat to the entire region. He brokered support for an intervention in secret diplomatic dealings with the Reagan administration and like-minded leaders in the English-speaking Caribbean. Barbados was used as a staging point for some of the U.S. forces, and a nominal contingent of the Barbados Defence Force accompanied in the invasion force's wake, not least to allow (as Barrow claimed) Reagan to gild the statistics. The Barbadian population was of two minds about Adams' move, generally conceding that Bishop's murder had moved Grenada too far, but being uneasy with Reagan's US heavy-handedness. Nevertheless, Adams' BLP was tipped to win the upcoming elections at the time. During his tenure as prime minister, he held the additional portfolio of Minister of Finance.

Adams died of a heart attack at Ilaro Court, the Prime Minister's official residence, on March 11, 1985. He was the first sitting Prime Minister of Barbados to die in office. He was buried in Bridgetown, Barbados, at the churchyard of the Cathedral Church of Saint Michael and All Angels on Saint Michael's Row.

Queen Elizabeth II was among global leaders who sent condolence as was addressed to Sir Hugh Springer, the then Governor-General of Barbados, which read: "″I was very shocked to hear of the sudden death of the prime minister, and Prince Philip and I send our deepest sympathy to the government and people of Barbados. The distinguished service given by Tom Adams to Barbados and to the Commonwealth (of Britain and its former colonies) during nine years as prime minister will always be remembered.″"

Adams' deputy Prime Minister, Bernard St. John, succeeded him but the Barbadian electorate turned back to the other political party, voting in Errol Barrow, and his Democratic Labour Party in the subsequent election in 1986. Barrow also died in office in 1987 shortly after his election victory.

Many international leaders throughout the Commonwealth Caribbean and members of the resident diplomatic corp presented condolence.

Legacy
The ten-story building in Bridgetown which houses the Central Bank of Barbados is today known as the Tom Adams Financial Centre in his honour. He is also one of the namesakes of the island's ABC Highway.

title: Tom Adams (politician)


text:
Bloom

Bloom or blooming may refer to:

Biology

 * Bloom, one or more flowers on a flowering plant
 * Algal bloom, a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in an aquatic system
 * Jellyfish bloom, a collective noun for a large group of jellyfish
 * Epicuticular wax bloom, a whitish haze due to small crystals of wax, occurring on the surface of many fruits
 * Bloom syndrome, an autosomal recessive human genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to a wide variety of cancer

Computing

 * Bloom filter, a probabilistic method to find a subset of a given set
 * Bloom (shader effect), a graphics effect used in modern 3D computer games
 * Bloom (software), a generative music application for the iPhone and iPod Touch
 * BLOOM (language model), an open-source large language model

Art conservation

 * Wax bloom, an efflorescence of wax or stearic acid affecting oil pastels
 * Saponification in art conservation, a chalky white efflorescence on old oil paintings
 * Bloom, pigment migration from wetter to drier surfaces of a watercolor painting

Other science and technology

 * Bloom (bloomery) (sponge iron), a porous mass of iron and slag produced in a bloomery
 * Bloom (casting), a semi-finished metal casting
 * Bloom (sulfur), the migration of sulfur to the exterior of a rubber
 * Bloom (test), a test to measure the strength of a gel or gelatin
 * Blooming (CCD), an effect that happens when a pixel in a CCD image sensor is overloaded
 * Blooming (directed-energy weapon), an effect of laser beams and particle beams in the air
 * Chocolate bloom, the appearance of white coating on chocolate
 * Thermal blooming, an atmospheric effect on high-energy laser beams

People

 * Bloom (surname)

United States

 * Bloom, Colorado, a ghost town
 * Bloom, Kansas, an unincorporated community
 * Bloom, Wisconsin, a town
 * Bloom City, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
 * Blooming, Oregon, an unincorporated community
 * Bloom Creek (disambiguation)
 * Bloom's Lake, a lake in Minnesota
 * Bloom Township (disambiguation)

Arts and entertainment

 * Bloom (musical), a 2023 Australian musical by Tom Gleisner and Katie Weston
 * Bloom (novel), a 1998 science fiction novel by Wil McCarthy
 * Bloom (2003 film), award-winning Irish film
 * Bloom (2021 film), a 2021 Tamil short film
 * Bloom (TV series), a 2019 Australian TV series
 * Bloom (Winx Club), the main character of the Winx Club animated series
 * Bloom County, American comic strip by Berkeley Breathed
 * The Brothers Bloom, a 2009 movie
 * Bloom.fm, a former music application and streaming service
 * Bloom (music venue), an alternative music club in Mezzago, Italy
 * Bloom (mod), 2019 game mod created by Bloom Team

Artists

 * Bloom, one of the many stage names of Dutch singer Bloem de Ligny
 * Bloom 06, Italian electronic duo

Albums

 * Bloom (Billy Pilgrim album), 1995
 * Bloom (Audio Adrenaline album), 1996
 * Bloom (Tasmin Archer album), 1996
 * Bloom (Beach House album), 2012
 * Bloom (Caligula's Horse album), 2015
 * Bloom (Jeff Coffin album), 2005
 * Bloom (Gabriel & Dresden album), 2004
 * Bloom (Eric Johnson album), 2005
 * Bloom (Lights & Motion album), 2018
 * Bloom (Machine Gun Kelly album), 2017
 * Bloom (The McDades album), 2006
 * Bloom (Lou Rhodes album), 2007
 * Bloom (RÜFÜS album), 2016
 * Bloom (Troye Sivan album), 2018
 * Bloom (G.NA EP), 2012
 * Bloom (Of Mice & Men EP), 2021
 * Bloom (Red Velvet album), 2022
 * Blooming (album), album by Ami Suzuki, 2010

Songs

 * "Bloom" (The Paper Kites song), 2010
 * "Bloom" (Gain song), 2012
 * "Bloom" (Troye Sivan song), 2018
 * "Bloom", by Between the Buried and Me from The Parallax II: Future Sequence, 2012
 * "Bloom", by Caligula's Horse from Bloom, 2015
 * "Bloom (Return to Dust)", by Code Orange from Love Is Love/Return to Dust, 2012
 * "Bloom", by Gigolo Aunts from Full-On Bloom, 1991
 * "Bloom", by Of Mice & Men from Echo, 2021
 * "Bloom", by Radiohead from The King of Limbs, 2011
 * "(ocean) bloom", Radiohead and Hans Zimmer's 2017 reworking of the song that was recorded for television series Blue Planet II
 * "Bloom", by Scale the Summit from Carving Desert Canyons, 2009
 * "Bloom", by Turnover from Magnolia, 2013
 * "Bloom", by Twice from With You-th, 2024
 * "Bloom", by The Velvet Teen from Cum Laude!, 2006
 * "Blooming", by Band-Maid from Conqueror, 2019

Organisations

 * Bloom (store), a US supermarket chain operated by Food Lion LLC
 * Bloom Brothers Department Stores, a defunct chain of department stores in Pennsylvania and Maryland, US
 * Bloom Festival, Ireland's largest gardening show
 * Bloom's restaurant, England's longest-standing kosher restaurant
 * Club Blooming, a football (soccer) club and academy from Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
 * Bloom (company) an American independent film entertainment company

Other uses

 * Bloom's taxonomy, a classification of learning objectives
 * "Blooming", a less offensive version of the expletive attributive bloody

title: Bloom