text:
Liam Lawrence

Liam Lawrence (born 14 December 1981) is a former professional footballer who played as a winger or central midfielder.

Lawrence started his career at his local club Mansfield Town, after impressing at the Field Mill he signed for Sunderland in June 2005. He joined Stoke City, on loan in 2006, and made his move permanent in January 2007. He became a key player for Stoke, and helped the club to promotion to the Premier League in 2008, earning himself Player of the Year award. In September 2010, he signed for Portsmouth on loan, and signed permanently in the January transfer window. With Portsmouth in financial difficulties he spent time out on loan at Cardiff City and joined Greek side PAOK in the summer of 2012. He then returned to England for a brief spell at Barnsley in 2014 before joining Shrewsbury Town, captaining the side to promotion to League One in his only full season before a free transfer to Bristol Rovers.

Born in England, Lawrence made his international debut for the Republic of Ireland in 2009, and earned 15 caps in a two-year spell.

Mansfield Town
Lawrence was born in Retford and joined Mansfield Town's youth team in 1996. He progressed the through to the first team making his professional debut against Blackpool in the Football League Trophy in the 1999–2000 season. He played 18 matches in 2000–01 scoring four goals as Mansfield finished in 13th position. In 2001–02 he made 37 appearances as the Stags gained promotion to the third tier however relegation was suffered in the following 2002–03 season with Lawrence playing in 46 matches scoring 12 goals. In 2003–04 Lawrence played in 52 games and scored 21 goals for the club helping then to reach the play-offs. After over coming Northampton Town on penalties Mansfield faced Huddersfield Town in the final. After a 0–0 draw they faced another penalty shootout but Mansfield lost 4–1 with Lawrence missing his penalty.

Sunderland
Lawrence joined Sunderland in June 2004 for a fee of £175,000. Lawrence had a promising first season at Sunderland, scoring 6 goals in 32 appearances, including two superb strikes against Wolverhampton Wanderers at the Stadium of Light on 2 November 2004. He also helped create one of the most important goals in Sunderland's season, scored by Marcus Stewart, against Wigan Athletic at the JJB Stadium. Sunderland won the Championship in 2004–05 and gained promotion to the Premier League.

Following Sunderland's promotion to the top flight Lawrence found himself in and out of the first team squad for the first few months of the 2005–06 season. Despite this, Lawrence still made 23 starts and 10 substitute appearances for the club, scoring against Fulham, Chelsea, and Sunderland's bitter rivals Newcastle United at St James' Park. Although the season ended in disaster for Sunderland, who were relegated with a then record low of 15 points, Lawrence ended the season as runner up to teammate Dean Whitehead for the annual Player of the Year award, and was seen as one of Sunderland's better performers. Lawrence and Whitehead both signed new contracts in August 2006.

Stoke City
Lawrence joined Stoke City initially on loan in November 2006 after falling out of favour with Roy Keane with the deal becoming permanent in January 2007. He made a fine start to his Stoke career scoring against Cardiff City and Ipswich Town. In 2006–07 Stoke narrowly missed out on the play-offs finishing in 8th position. In 2007–08 Lawrence played in 44 matches scoring 15 goals as Stoke gained promotion to the Premier League in 2nd position. Lawrence struck a great partnership with Ricardo Fuller and the pair scored a combined total of 30 goals with Lawrence winning the player of the year award.

Lawrence scored Stoke's first home goal in the Premier League in 2008 when he scored a penalty against Aston Villa. However Lawrence injured himself when he tripped over his pet Labrador damaging his ankle. He had to undergo ankle surgery to repair a tear in the ligament. He returned from injury towards the end of the season and scored winning goals in games against Blackburn Rovers and Hull City, with the latter securing Stoke's survival. Lawrence signed a new contract at Stoke in July 2009 keeping him at the Britannia Stadium until 2013. Lawrence found himself in and out of the side in 2009–10 making 25 league appearances of which 11 were as a substitute and he scored once against Hull City in April. After the season ended Lawrence stated that he expected to leave Stoke during the summer of 2010.

Portsmouth
On 31 August, the summer transfer window deadline day, Lawrence and Stoke teammate Dave Kitson were a part of an exchange deal, which sent Portsmouth defender Marc Wilson to the Potters, with the pair moved in the opposite direction. The deal was supposedly completed and the two Stoke players arrived at Fratton Park, but paperwork was not submitted in time for the transfer to go through. He eventually made an emergency-loan move to Pompey on 9 September Lawrence made his Portsmouth debut on 11 September in a 0–0 draw with Ipswich at Fratton Park. He scored his first goal for the club against Leicester City in the Football League Cup on 21 September. On 24 September, he scored his first league goals, a penalty and a deflected free kick in their 6–1 league win over Leicester City. On 2 October, Lawrence scored a late equaliser as Portsmouth drew 2–2 with Middlesbrough at the Riverside to notch up his fourth Portsmouth goal in just seven matches. On 30 October, he netted the winner from inside the box as Pompey beat Nottingham Forest 2–1 at Fratton Park.

On 1 January 2011, Lawrence completed his permanent move to Portsmouth, signing until the summer of 2014. Following Portsmouth's plunge into administration, Lawrence insisted that he would not walk out on the club, but manager Michael Appleton said that Portsmouth could not afford to scan the injured calf of Lawrence as the Rudimentary payments for injury assessments could also not be completed. He left Portsmouth on 10 August 2012 after agreeing to a compromise deal to terminate his contract.

Cardiff City
Lawrence joined Championship rivals Cardiff City on loan till the end of the season as Portsmouth's dire financial situation meant they needed to take cost-cutting measures. He went on to make his debut on 7 March against Brighton & Hove Albion, where he set up the second goal for Cardiff. He scored his first goal for the club on 14 April in a 1–0 win over Barnsley.

Lawrence was interested in making the move permanent but manager Malky Mackay stated that he was interested but signing him wasn't priority. On 8 August 2012, Cardiff had opened talks with Lawrence over a possible permanent transfer as Portsmouth needed to clear the wage bill by 10 August or be liquidated. After leaving Portsmouth, Lawrence revealed he was offered a new contract with his wages reduced (60 or 70 per cent cut) but he was told by administrator Trevor Birch the negotiations was withdrawn as the club couldn't afford an offer from Balram Chainrai as he attempted to purchase the club Previously, Lawrence was keen to stay at the club, insisting he doesn't want to be responsible for liquidating the club

PAOK
After leaving Portsmouth on 13 August Lawrence agreed to join Greek side PAOK on a two-year contract. Lawrence would wear number 20 on his jersey. He made his official debut for the club on 23 August 2012 in a 2–1 home win against Rapid Wien. On 16 September 2012 he scored his first goal for the club against Asteras Tripoli. He scored a magnificent volley against fierce rivals Aris in a 4–1 home win. In his first season in the club he got sent-off twice, in matches against Aris and AEK.

Barnsley
Lawrence joined Championship side Barnsley on 16 January 2014, signing a contract until the end of the 2013–14 season. He played 14 times for the Tykes scoring once as the side suffered relegation and at the end of the campaign he was not offered a new contract at Oakwell.

Shrewsbury Town
On 4 July 2014, Lawrence signed a two-year contract with League Two side Shrewsbury Town. He made his competitive debut on the first day of the league season on 9 August, as the captain, and set up James Collins in the 9th minute to open a 2–2 draw away to AFC Wimbledon.

Having been sent off in a match against Northampton Town two weeks later, and subsequently serving a three-match suspension, Lawrence did not immediately regain his place in the side, having to wait until he was recalled for a League Cup third round tie at home against Norwich City on 23 September 2014. Lawrence had a hand in the winning goal, as his second-half free kick was headed on by Jermaine Grandison, for James Collins to loop over Norwich goalkeeper Declan Rudd.

He scored his first goal for Shrewsbury on 1 November 2014, converting an injury time penalty away from home against Dagenham and Redbridge to seal a 2–1 win, extending the club's winning sequence in League Two to five matches, following this with the only goal of the game as Shrewsbury defeated Walsall in an FA Cup first round replay at the New Meadow.

Lawrence scored both goals as Shrewsbury defeated Oxford United 2–0 on 21 March 2015, a 2nd-minute penalty and a 20-yard late free kick, taking his season tally to six in all competitions. A regular in the side during the season run-in, promotion to League One was secured in April 2015 after a 1–0 away win at Cheltenham Town, with the club ending the season as runners-up to Burton Albion.

Bristol Rovers
Lawrence did not regularly start for Shrewsbury following their promotion and, as one of the club's higher earners, was allowed to join League Two side Bristol Rovers on a free transfer on 7 January 2016. Lawrence was picked in the Starting XI a number of times and he scored his first goal for the club as his perfectly placed Free-kick saw his side win 3–0 against Crawley Town. Lawrence helped Rovers achieve automatic promotion seeing his side reach 85 points and overtaking Accrington Stanley on the last day of the season.

He made four appearances in the 2016–17 season before being told along with five others to find a new club on 19 January 2017 and on 31 January 2017 he left the club by mutual consent.

International career
Lawrence is an Irish citizen through his County Kerry-born grandfather. On 16 February 2006, Lawrence received his first international call-up, for the Republic of Ireland in their friendly game against Sweden on 3 March, but spent the entire match as an unused substitute. On 18 May 2009, Lawrence was named in the Irish squad for a friendly with Nigeria and subsequently made his debut in that match ten days later. Following this, Lawrence was named in the starting eleven for Ireland's friendly against South Africa on 8 September and scored the only goal of the game, a free kick in the 37th minute for his first international goal. Lawrence made his competitive international debut in Ireland's penultimate 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Italy in Croke Park on 10 October, and provided an assist for his Stoke City teammate Glenn Whelan to open the scoring in the match, which ended 2–2. He also made a start against France in the first-leg of Ireland's crucial 2010 FIFA World Cup play-off on 14 November, which France won 1–0, with Nicolas Anelka netting the only goal. He has not played for Ireland since 29 May 2011.

Coaching career
In August 2020 Lawrence began coaching at the Stoke City Academy, taking charge of the under-15 team. He moved up to the under-21 side in July 2024, working alongside Ryan Shawcross.

Club
Source:

International
Source:

International goals
Source:

Club
Mansfield Town
 * Football League Third Division third-place promotion: 2001–02

Sunderland
 * Football League Championship winner: 2004–05

Stoke City
 * Football League Championship runner-up, second-place promotion: 2007–08

Shrewsbury Town
 * League Two runner-up, second-place promotion: 2014–15

Bristol Rovers
 * League Two runner-up, third-place promotion:2015–16 Football League Two

International
Republic of Ireland
 * Nations Cup: 2011

Individual

 * PFA Division Three Team of the Year: 2004
 * PFA Championship Team of the Year: 2008
 * Football League Championship player of the season: 2007–08
 * Stoke City player of the year: 2008

title: Liam Lawrence


text: Category:Government of Utah

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Government of Utah


text:
Pimsleur

Pimsleur may refer to:

 * Paul Pimsleur, an applied linguistics researcher
 * Pimsleur Language Programs, a language learning company
 * Pimsleur Language Aptitude Battery, a test for predicting success in foreign language acquisition

title: Pimsleur


text:
Shiplake Lock

Shiplake Lock is a lock and weir situated on the River Thames in England between the villages of Shiplake and Lower Shiplake, Oxfordshire. It is just above the points where the River Loddon joins the Thames and Shiplake Railway Bridge crosses the river. The first pound lock was built by the Thames Navigation Commission in 1773.

The weir is some distance upstream of the lock between the lock island and Berkshire bank.

History
There is reference to the weir and flash lock at this location in the 16th century when it was known as "Cotterell's", a name which persisted after the pound lock was built. It was the second downstream of the eight locks built after the navigation act of 1770, and was completed in fir wood in 1773. At this time the towpath upstream was transferred from the Berkshire to the Oxfordshire bank. The lock had to be rebuilt of oak in 1787 as the fir had decayed. There were two mills on the island at this time. The lock was rebuilt again in 1874 and the weir in 1885. The lock island was purchased by the City of London Corporation for camping in 1891, and in 1907 the ruined mills were demolished. Shiplake Lock was the first lock on the Thames to have hydraulic operation installed in 1961. During the winter of 2009/2010 the wooden lock gates were replaced with steel gates at a cost of £600,000.

The camping island
The reason for the purchase of Shiplake Lock Island by the Corporation was to preserve the amenities for bathing and camping. It was managed by the Corporation's City Lands Committee. However, managing at a distance proved a problem and the island was let in perpetuity in 1914 to the Thames Conservancy. The camp was then divided into 18 plots and run by the lock keepers.

Soon after taking over, the Conservancy allowed huts to be built near the tents. The use of these was restricted to cooking and they were not to be used for sleeping. (At that time, ladies were not allowed to sleep on the island at all, but had to retire to wooden huts on the Shiplake bank).

The Thames Conservancy and its successor organisations the National Rivers Authority and Environment Agency have not been prepared to give more than a one-year lease to the plotholders. However, the community has remained remarkably static with plots passing down the family line.

Access to the lock
The lock can be reached from Lower Shiplake down Mill Road, and into Mill Lane, where there is a tarmac path to the lock along the edge of a field. And from the village of Shiplake, at Shiplake Church take the chalky path down to the riverbank, past Shiplake College's boathouse. The footpath at Shiplake then passes under the College (formerly Shiplake Court) and then the white Shiplake House.The lock is a few hundred metres along this part of the Thames Path.

Reach above the lock
The river skirts Shiplake on the Oxfordshire bank and eventually passes into Sonning. Phillimore Island is just above the lock, and on the hill on the Shiplake bank is Shiplake House and also Shiplake Court (now the premises of Shiplake College). The college boat house is on the river bank at this point. Further on there is a double bend with two large islands The Lynch, and Hallsmead Ait followed by Buck Ait. On the bank opposite the Ait is St Patrick's Stream. This stream is believed to have been a tributary stream of the River Loddon which became an outfall when the water level was raised by the building of Shiplake Lock. Apart from a small development here, the river banks are open fields to Sonning Bridge. Sonning lock is a short was upstream of the bridge, but there is a large backwater branching before the bridge on the Sonning Eye side which is crossed by Sonning Backwater Bridges.

Thames Path
The Thames Path stays on the Oxfordshire bank to Sonning, where it crosses the bridge to the other side and continues to Sonning Lock.

Literature and the media
Shiplake Lock was a favourite place for fishing for the young George Orwell and his Buddicom friends.

title: Shiplake Lock


text:
Talk:Killing of Satomi Mitarai

Asperger's diagnosis
The Japanese version of this article states thus:

 * "加害女児は事件後、収容先の自立支援施設でアスペルガー症候群と診断されている[15]. "

 * "After this case, the perpetrator girl while in the institutional facility was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome."

The Japanese text references a book written by journalist Atsuko Kusanagi titled (in English) ''Tracked down! The Case of the Homicide by a Sasebo Elementary 6th Grade Girl of Her Peer'', which I do not have access to.

How should we incorporate this information into the English Wikipedia? --Beneficii (talk) 07:29, 23 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Are you sure thats a real book? I doesnt register a hit on WorldCat, google books or amazon.-- TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  22:39, 11 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The book is real; the title above is the translated version, but the book is in Japanese. ISBN: 4062130416 -- Lostparabola (talk) 01:59, 29 July 2014 (UTC)

 * I got the book and can verify the diagnosis. --Beneficii (talk) 21:29, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * If there is only one source mentioning it, per BLP I think we should not. The diagnosis doesnt seem to have played any active role in what happened or the reaction. If her lawyers go on to use that diagnosis for later legal recourse- like expungement - or if it becomes a standard addition to criminal defense/prosecution to do mental health checks and this case is cited as the reason, then probably we should. --  TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  22:04, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Found another source that confirms it (emphasis added): "藤本氏は「今回の事件（高1女子殺害事件）にあてはまるかどうかは分かりませんが…」と、前置きしながらも「彼女（小6女児同級生殺害事件の加害者）が『アスペルガー障害（本来はアスペルガー症候群）』という事実が分かってきた」とコメントし、高1女子殺害事件にも同様の可能性があることを指摘した. "(translated; "Tetsuya Fujimoto commented that he understood it was true that the killer in the case of the elementary 6th grade girl who killed her classmate has Asperger's disorder (originally Asperger syndrome)." http://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/9089239/

 * --Beneficii (talk) 22:34, 14 January 2015 (UTC)

Also, when I read the Japanese Wikipedia, I got the sense her fixations on Battle Royale, a novel about students who are stranded on an island with weapons or other items and told that only the last one to survive would get to leave, and other morbid subjects often involving death and gore, and her problems with communication helped lead to the slashing. According to the Japanese Wikipedia, in the weeks before the murder, she started carrying a knife in her randoseru and at one point even chased a boy with the knife. I think that once we can get as much information on this page as is on the Japanese Wikipedia, the relevance of the Asperger's diagnosis should be quite apparent. --Beneficii (talk) 22:51, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * We would need reliable sources to be making the connection between the obsession with a movie and a mental health condition and since the mental health issue didnt come up until after everything else, we would still need a really good reason to include it. We dont really need post hock armchair psychiatrists asserting diagnoses. WP:COATRACK / WP:BLP.  And we are writing an encyclopedia, not a true crime drama - the amount of details and history we need for a good coverage of the encyclopedic events are pretty limited. --  TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  22:54, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * A mere, brief mention that a diagnosis has been given following the murder, per a reliable source, is not WP:COATRACK:
 * It would be reasonable to include brief information of the background behind a key detail, even if the background has no relevance to the article's topic, as long as such information is used sparingly and does not provide any more explanation than a reasonably knowledgeable reader would require. An article on the anatomical feature Adam's apple could explain the term arose from the biblical character Adam (a regurgitation of the Book of Genesis, or an outline of the full story of original sin would not be necessary).
 * Also, please quote the section of WP:BLP that warns against mentioning this diagnosis. I checked WP:BLPSOURCES and saw that there was nothing wrong with the addition. The source is a secondary-source book published by a major and reliable Japanese publisher.
 * > We dont really need post hock armchair psychiatrists asserting diagnoses.
 * I'm going to give you the benefit of the doubt here, since we must assume WP:GOODFAITH, but I found being called an "armchair psychiatrist" to be both inaccurate and insulting. Please do not use such a term again. None of us is playing an "armchair psychiatrist." The diagnosis given is confirmed by a reliable secondary source, which is acceptable per WP:BLPSOURCES. --Beneficii (talk) 23:20, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Of course a post hoc diagnosis is WP:COATRACK - it has zero to do with what made the case notable. -- TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  23:26, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * The reliable source I used seemed to think the matter of the diagnosis was quite relevant, as does the Japanese Wikipedia. Think about it: it isn't like she only started having Asperger syndrome after the killing so the diagnosis afterward is not post hoc, but merely confirmed the existence of something already long present. The reliable secondary source I used mentioned that she was noted to have communication problems and fixations for most of her life leading up to that point and devoted an entire chapter to investigating if she had any psychiatric conditions; in the "Epilogue," she mentioned that she was able to confirm the diagnosis on page 216. --Beneficii (talk) 23:45, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
 * While I was not referring to you in the first "armchair psychiatrist" comment (I was referring to the people who would be writing about the potential disease and what it may have had impact on the incident without ever first hand diagnosing the person), you have just now established that you are in fact the armchair psychiatrist attempting a diagnosis. We dont do that, particularly with living people.--  TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  02:14, 15 January 2015 (UTC)

Uh, no. I was referring to the the reliable secondary source, which mentioned these issues as having long been present for the girl, which I have related, in accordance with WP:BLPSOURCES. The source also confirms that she was indeed diagnosed, devoting an entire chapter to trying to confirm the diagnosis; because our reliable secondary source considers the diagnosis relevant, then we at Wikipedia must consider the diagnosis relevant, as well. It is clear that you are now trying to play "gotcha" with the whole "armchair psychiatry" thing, so further discussion will lead us nowhere. You have shown me that much. I WILL maintain the statement and the source in the article. If you remove it, then I will go to dispute resolution. If you wish to go to dispute resolution yourself, then be my guest, but this discussion is quickly headed nowhere. --Beneficii (talk) 06:51, 15 January 2015 (UTC)

Please ignore the above post. It is clear, you've got me. You have proven my terribleness and lying nature to the world and that I am nothing more than an armchair psychiatrist. Like the soldiers on a propaganda poster who are knocking down the enemy with righteous anger, so you have been here in opposition so many times to uphold righteousness and to defeat the evil that I may spread. You are a plucky, young fighter who won't let that brainy, delusional monster take over a wonderful article and you have the weight of the truth of the universe behind your back. I can only concede defeat and remove the statement and the source. That source is evil, just like me. So the source should never appear on this Wikipedia page. --Beneficii (talk) 07:38, 15 January 2015 (UTC)

Sasebo schoolgirl murder is a duplicate of this article
Equinox (talk) 19:28, 6 August 2015 (UTC)

Apparently not, as they occured on two different dates. --PWNGWN (talk) 18:01, 22 August 2015 (UTC)

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The killer's name, again
I just reverted an anonymous user's edits to again add what some believe to be the killer's name, and a partial cite to a book that is claimed to make the connection between this name and Girl A. If the book qualifies as a reliable source then as far as I'm concerned there would be no more objection - the person would have reached the age of majority, and the reliable source would eliminate any verifiability concerns. The edit stated the author was Haruto Sato - I could not locate this author with a Google search. The book was described as being titled Hanzai Kogal. I could not find a book by that title using romaji, or under はんざい Kogal, or 犯罪 Kogal, or はんざい コギャル, or 犯罪 コギャル. It is listed as being published in 2005, at which time Girl A would have been 12 or so. It seems unlikely that the name would have been published in Japan under those conditions. So I'm putting this out there for anyone with knowledge of this book to please give us information to verify it's contents. In the meantime, I'm requesting pending changes protection for the article. Xymmax So let it be written   So let it be done  18:45, 19 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I reverted another edit by an anonymous user's same edit left 9 days,which I happened to find.Paperworkorange (talk) 14:03, 13 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Another user reverted my revert,but there was no trustworthy source in Japanese media about minor killer's name.I had to revert again because It was harmful.I don't want to commit edit war.Paperworkorange (talk) 04:26, 22 August 2021 (UTC)

Requested move 7 April 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Moved to Killing of Satomi Mitarai. The discussion has not progressed despite relisting. With a single opposition due to the ambiguity of the current title and proposed title, it does not seem right have the article remained as it. There are options however in the counterproposal, and as the bartender, I have picked the one that is similar to the outcome of Talk:Murder_of_Aiwa_Matsuo discussion that ran concurrently to this article. (closed by non-admin page mover) – robertsky (talk) 13:54, 21 April 2023 (UTC)

Sasebo slashing → Sasebo stabbing – The English-language sources present in the article do not use the word "slashing". They use the word "stabbed" or "murdered". It would therefore be more representative to call the incident the "Sasebo stabbing". : 3 F4U (they/it) 02:48, 7 April 2023 (UTC) — Relisting. ■ ∃ Madeline ⇔ ∃ Part of me ; 08:58, 14 April 2023 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 *  Comment Oppose: "Stabbing" doesn't seem like a factually accurate description. A box cutter is not an implement that can stab effectively, and indeed the word slashing seems more accurate as a description of what happened in this incident. — BarrelProof (talk) 04:25, 7 April 2023 (UTC)
 * If moved, rename to or  or  as a direct and accurate description of the event. Although this article describes the incident as a murder, it does not mention a conviction for the crime of murder, and in fact it seems to say that a conviction for murder was not possible due to the age of the killer (11 years old), so using "murder" in the title does not seem appropriate (and is thus not suggested). Note also that the title of this article should not be ambiguous with the title of, which is why the year is included in one of my suggestions. Note also that I have opened an RM at Talk:Sasebo schoolgirl murder to resolve the ambiguity of that article's title. — BarrelProof (talk) 18:53, 7 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Killing of Satomi Mitarai


text:
Giuseppe Campari

Giuseppe Campari (8 June 1892 – 10 September 1933) was an Italian opera singer and Grand Prix motor racing driver.

Racing career
Born near the city of Lodi southwest of Milan, as a teenager he went to work for the Alfa Romeo automobile company. Campari's job eventually involved test driving factory cars and his skills and interest led to his participation in competitive hillclimbing events. In 1914 the 21-year-old rookie showed his abilities with a fourth-place finish at the Targa Florio. His career was just getting going when World War I broke out and European racing came to a halt.

Following the Armistice that ended the war, racing resumed and in 1920 Campari earned his first major race win and the first for the Alfa Romeo company when he drove to victory at Mugello in Tuscany. He repeated as champion at Mugello the next year and took third place at the Targa Florio but did not earn another major championship until he captured the French Grand Prix in 1924 when he was part of a powerful three-man Alfa Romeo team with Count Gastone Brilli-Peri and Antonio Ascari in the P2 cars designed by Vittorio Jano.

The 1925 racing season was less than successful for Campari as he and the Alfa Romeo team withdrew from the French Grand Prix in July after Ascari crashed and died. In 1926, Maserati came out with the Tipo 26, its first highly competitive race car that led to Maserati winning the Constructors' title and Ernesto Maserati taking the Italian driving championship in 1927. Despite Maserati's strong performances, Campari claimed victory for Alfa Romeo in the 1927 Coppa Acerbo.

The 1928 season saw Giuseppe Campari win his second consecutive Coppa Acerbo and his first at the Mille Miglia. He earned a second-place finish in the Targa Florio, a race he entered several times and although he frequently finished near the top, he never managed a win. The following year he repeated as champion at the Mille Miglia and along with top drivers such as Malcolm Campbell and Rudolf Caracciola, he traveled to Ireland to compete in the inaugural Irish International Grand Prix at Phoenix Park in Dublin. Run in front of more than 100,000 spectators, Campari was hit in the eye by a flying small rock but was successfully treated in hospital and the race was won by the Russian émigré, Boris Ivanowski. Campari also raced in the Tourist Trophy Races at the Ards course in Belfast where he finished second to Caracciola's Mercedes.

In 1930, Tazio Nuvolari joined Campari on the Alfa Romeo team. After a sensational debut season, Nuvolari and Campari combined to win their first Italian Grand Prix, a victory that made them national heroes for taking the championship from the French who had won it for the past three years. That same year, Campari won his third Coppa Acerbo but for 1933 he became part of the Maserati team with Baconin Borzacchini and Luigi Fagioli. Campari won his second French Grand Prix driving for Maserati, but at age 41 was ready to retire at the end of the season.

The Italian Grand Prix on 10 September 1933 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Monza, Italy was to be his last race. While leading the race, Campari was instantly killed when his car crashed after skidding in a sharp turn on a patch of leaked engine oil.

Personal life
In addition to his love of automobile racing, Giuseppe Campari had two other passions: food, in great quantities that he liked to prepare himself, and the opera. Blessed with a great baritone voice from the depths of an expansive paunch, he took singing lessons and while still racing began to sing professionally.

Major victories

 * Circuit of Mugello 1920, 1921
 * Coppa Acerbo 1927, 1928, 1931
 * French Grand Prix 1924, 1933
 * Italian Grand Prix 1931
 * Mille Miglia 1928, 1929

Complete European Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

title: Giuseppe Campari


text:
Cathays Park

Cathays Park (Parc Cathays) or Cardiff Civic Centre is a civic centre area in the city centre of Cardiff, the capital city of Wales, consisting of a number of early 20th century buildings and a central park area, Alexandra Gardens. It includes Edwardian buildings such as the Temple of Peace, City Hall, the National Museum and Gallery of Wales and several buildings belonging to the Cardiff University campus. It also includes Cardiff Crown Court, the administrative headquarters of the Welsh Government, and the more modern Cardiff Central police station. The Pevsner architectural guide to the historic county of Glamorgan judges Cathays Park to be "the finest civic centre in the British Isles". The area falls within the Cathays electoral ward.

History
Cathays Park was formerly part of Cardiff Castle grounds. The present day character of the area owes much to successive holders of the title the Marquess of Bute, and especially the 3rd Marquess of Bute, an extremely successful and wealthy businessman. They acquired much of the lands in Cathays through investment and by inheritance through a marriage to Charlotte Windsor in 1766.

The idea of acquiring the Cathays House park as an open public space was raised in 1858 and again in 1875. In 1887 it was suggested the park could commemorate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee. Negotiations did not begin until 1892, when Lord Bute agreed to sell 38 acres for £120,000 (equivalent to £ in ). The idea of relocating the Town Hall to the park was controversial, but it was also proposed to locate a new University College building there.

On 14 December 1898, the local council bought the entire 59 acre of land for £161,000 from the Marquess of Bute (equivalent to £ in ). As part of the sale, the 3rd Marquis of Bute placed strict conditions on how the land was to be developed. The area was to be used for civic, cultural and educational purposes, and the avenues were to be preserved.

A six-month Cardiff Fine Arts, Industrial and Maritime Exhibition which included specially constructed boating lake, a wooden cycling track and an electric railway was held in 1896.

In 1897 a competition was held for a complex comprising Law Courts and a Town Hall, with Alfred Waterhouse, architect of the Natural History Museum in London, as judge. The winners were the firm of Lanchester, Stewart and Rickards, who would later go on to design the Methodist Central Hall in Westminster. These were the first two buildings of the ensemble, and have an almost uniform façade treatment. The east and west pavilions of both façades are identical in design, except for the attic storeys, which are decorated with allegorical sculptural groups. On the Crown Court these are Science and Industry, sculpted by Donald McGill, and Commerce and Industry, by Paul Raphael Montford, while on the City Hall are Music and Poetry by Paul Montford and Unity and Patriotism by Henry Poole.

The third site in this complex went empty until 1910, when the competition for a National Museum of Wales was won by the architects Arnold Dunbar Smith and Cecil Brewer. The design parts from the Edwardian Baroque of the Law Courts and City Hall and is more akin to American Beaux-Arts architecture, particularly in the entrance hall where a similarity to McKim, Mead and White's later Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City has been noted. The Museum site was not bounded to the north by an avenue so there were scarcely any limits on the depth of the building; the 1910 plan was almost twice as deep as it was broad. The First World War, however, ensured that progress on the building was very slow. By 1927 part of the East range, with the lecture theatre funded by William Reardon Smith, was complete. Further extensions came only in the 1960s and 1990s; these remained faithful to the original design on the exterior (and included sculpture by Dhruva Mistry) but are of a neutral character on the inside.

Due to presence of the then Welsh Office building, by the 1990s 'Cathays Park' became used by some as a metonym for that Government Department,   and after devolution in 1999, for the Welsh Government's civil servants and ministerial offices.

Gardens
In addition to the large lawn in front of the City Hall, Cathays Park includes three formal gardens and a tree lined park. Main phases of construction of the gardens were from 1903 to 1906 and from 1924 to 1928. The gardens are grade II on the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. All of the spaces are within conservation areas and many of the surrounding buildings are listed. The open spaces are very important to the image of the city. Several important buildings overlook these well kept spaces. Each of the three gardens has its own very different character and each retains its original layout.

Alexandra Gardens
Named after Alexandra of Denmark, the queen consort of Edward VII. The gardens were first called University Gardens, and were laid out and planted in 1903. Alexandra Gardens is 5 acre garden located at the heart of the civic centre. It consists of maintained flower beds and grass, with the Welsh National War Memorial standing at its centre. Alexandra Gardens has been protected since September 2019 as a Centenary Fields, which is a Fields in Trust scheme together with the Royal British Legion, which protects green spaces containing a war memorial that honours the memory of those that lost their lives in World War I.

Gorsedd Gardens
The garden was originally known as Druidical Gardens, but the name Gorsedd Gardens was later adopted. The 2 acre garden has as its centrepiece a stone circle constructed in 1899, when the National Eisteddfod of Wales was held in Cardiff. The stones were originally erected elsewhere in Cathays Park for the National Eisteddfod of 1899. They were re-erected in the garden in 1905. The garden's name refers to the Gorsedd of Welsh Bards, the ceremonial order that governs the Eisteddfod. Work on the landscaped gardens began in 1904 and opened to the public in 1910. It is laid out with lawns, and tree and shrub borders and hedges. The gardens has statues of subjects including David Lloyd George and Lord Ninian Crichton-Stuart.

The Gorsedd Gardens also contain a "tree of life" planted on World AIDS Day, 1 December 1994, to commemorate "all those who have lost their lives to AIDS in Wales". The original plaque was replaced at the 2021 World AIDS Day commemoration event. The tree is the focus for yearly World AIDS Day commemorations, with people attaching red ribbons to the tree. The tree was also the location of Cardiff's vigil after the murder of Brianna Ghey in February 2022.

Friary Gardens
The 1 acre garden is a style of formal garden formerly known as a Dutch Garden. It was begun in 1904 and completed in 1906. It contains a statue constructed in honour of the 3rd Marquess of Bute by James Pittendrigh Macgillivray and erected in 1928.

Queen Anne Square
Queen Anne Square is a tree-lined grass park, which was built in the 1930s and 1950s. It was designed to be aligned with the main thoroughfare of King Edward VII Avenue, on a site that was originally planned for a Welsh Parliament House. The square is enclosed by a tree-lined no through road, by Corbett Road to the south and by Aberdare Hall to the south east.

title: Cathays Park


text: Category:Members of the Utah House of Representatives


text: Category:Utah state senators

title: Category:Utah state senators


text: Category:Utah Legislature

title: Category:Utah Legislature


text:
David Vienneau

David Vienneau (1951–2004) was a Canadian journalist. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario and grew up in nearby Dundas. He graduated from the University of Western Ontario school of journalism in 1975 with an honours degree. He began working for the Toronto Star newspaper that same year, becoming its Ottawa bureau chief in 1995. He was known for his coverage of controversial topics such as Nazi war criminals living in Canada and gun control. Vienneau moved to television in April 1998 as Ottawa bureau chief at for Global News, where he remained until his death from pancreatic cancer on December 1, 2004.

title: David Vienneau


text:
Mellon Jazz Festival

The Mellon Jazz Festival was a festival in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that was sponsored by Mellon Bank. Acts who performed at the festival included Ella Fitzgerald, Diana Krall, Sonny Rollins, and John Zorn. The event began under the name Pittsburgh Jazz Festival in 1964 and closed in 2003.

title: Mellon Jazz Festival


text:
Talk:Lubbock tornado

Untitled
Corrected some information on this tornado. Source: http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ama/html/for-svr4.htm

To state that the "tornado destroyed everything in its path" is never an accurate statement -- it's hyperbole -- and should be avoided. Nick Storm 17:42, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Just added a link to Burle Pettit's recent Sunday A-J column. One of his best. H2O 06:51, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

I graduated from Texas Tech just a year before this tornado hit. I got a book that was published showing the damage and it was amazing to see all the places I knew reduced to pieces. WAB Houston 22:41, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Naming convention
I changed the article name IAW Naming conventions (events). --Rosiestep (talk) 22:15, 11 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I added year to the title per WikiProject Severe weather/Tornado's naming convention. --Rosiestep (talk) 23:12, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.srh.noaa.gov/lub/events/1970/19700511/index.php#timeline
 * In 1970 Lubbock tornado on 2011-05-25 04:08:44, 404 Not Found
 * In 1970 Lubbock tornado on 2011-06-06 14:34:06, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 14:34, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

this tornado should go to as the 5 costliest tornado ever now not the 8
http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/damage$.htm as seen in here shows its more higher then the may 3 1999 moore tornado now — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.118.207.158 (talk) 16:53, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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Photo of tornado
The article has a photo that is captioned as the Lubbock tornado, supposedly taken by Judge Robert H. Bean. The photo is actually the June 8, 1953 Erie MI tornado. It appears in the ESSA Natural Disaster Survey Report for the Lubbock storm, along with a quote from Judge Bean. However, the photo is not of the Lubbock tornado itself. 2601:2C4:4700:77D0:5940:F38C:B04:F7E5 (talk) 04:40, 12 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lubbock tornado


text:
Philippe Charbonneaux

Philippe Charbonneaux (18 February 1917 – 4 June 1998) was a French industrial designer, best known for automobile and truck design, but also known for other products such as television sets. Many of his works are now exhibited in places such as Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, or Museum of Modern Art in New York. He specialised in car design studies, so he has left many inventive prototypes. The Ellipsis concept car, released just two years prior to his death, is still very fresh and modern. He designed for Renault, Ford, Delahaye, Berliet, Bugatti, and others.

Famous designs include the Téléavia Panoramic III TV set; the Renault 8 in 1962; the Renault 16 in 1965 (which he designed together with Gaston Juchet), an innovative family car and Europe's Car of the Year for 1965; as well as the 1986 Renault 21.

His private collection of approximately 160 vintage cars, including racing cars, and 40 motorcycles, donated to S.C.A.R. (Salon of Vintage Car Club Collectors in Reims) is the basis for the Automobile Museum Reims-Champagne, established in 1985.

title: Philippe Charbonneaux


text: User talk:81.134.20.242

title: User talk:81.134.20.242


text:
User:Ojin~enwiki

Aye yam who aye yam.

title: User:Ojin~enwiki


text:
Ballot Access News

Ballot Access News is a United States-based website and monthly online and print newsletter edited and published by Bill Redpath and Richard Winger.

History
Richard Winger, an expert on ballot access law in the United States, started the newsletter to advocate "fair and equitable ballot access laws" in 1985.

On June 1, 2023, Richard Winger announced that Bill Redpath, former chair of the Libertarian National Committee, would replace him as editor of the newsletter. However, Winger continues to write as an editor.

Content
Ballot Access News reports on state and federal court decisions, compares American ballot access laws to those of other democratic nations, covers developments on electoral systems such as instant-runoff voting, and documents the number of votes independent and minor party candidates receive. The newsletter also records the activities of the Coalition for Free and Open Elections, an interest group of minor party members and others working together on ballot access law reform issues.

Notable citations
Reporting by Ballot Access News has been cited by ABC News, Politico, Reuters, and the Washington Post.

title: Ballot Access News


text:
Roy Hargrove

Roy Anthony Hargrove (October 16, 1969 – November 2, 2018) was an American jazz musician and composer whose principal instruments were the trumpet and flugelhorn. He achieved worldwide acclaim after winning two Grammy Awards for differing styles of jazz in 1998 and 2002. Hargrove primarily played in the hard bop style for the majority of his albums, but also had a penchant for genre-crossing exploration and collaboration with a variety of hip hop, soul, R&B and alternative rock artists. As Hargrove told one reporter, "I've been around all kinds of musicians, and if a cat can play, a cat can play. If it's gospel, funk, R&B, jazz or hip-hop, if it's something that gets in your ear and it's good, that's what matters."

Biography
Hargrove was born in Waco, Texas, to Roy Allan Hargrove and Jacklyn Hargrove. When he was 9, his family moved to Dallas, Texas. He took lessons at school initially on cornet before turning to trumpet. One of Hargrove's most profound early influences was a visit to his junior high school by saxophonist David "Fathead" Newman, who performed as a sideman in Ray Charles's Band. Hargrove's junior high music teacher, Dean Hill, whom Hargrove called his “musical father,” taught him to improvise and solo. He was discovered by Wynton Marsalis when Marsalis visited the Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts in Dallas. Hargrove credited trumpeter Freddie Hubbard as having the greatest influence on his sound.

Hargrove spent a year (1988–1989) studying at Boston's Berklee College of Music but could more often be found playing in New York City jam sessions; he eventually transferred to the New School in New York. His first studio recording there was with saxophonist Bobby Watson for Watson's album No Question About It. Shortly thereafter, Hargrove recorded with the band Superblue featuring Watson, Mulgrew Miller, Frank Lacy, Don Sickler and Kenny Washington.

In 1990, Hargrove released his debut solo album, Diamond in the Rough, on the Novus/RCA label. This album, and the three succeeding recordings Hargrove made for Novus with his quintet, were among the most commercially successful jazz recordings of the early 1990s and made him one of jazz's in-demand players.

As a side project to his solo and quintet recordings, Hargrove also was the leader of The Jazz Networks, an ensemble of American and Japanese musicians which released 5 albums between 1992 and 1996 and featured other notable jazz artists, including Antonio Hart, Rodney Whitaker and Joshua Redman. (These albums were originally released only in Japan and Europe, but after Hargrove's death, his estate arranged for release on streaming platforms in the U.S.)

Hargrove topped the category "Rising Star–Trumpet" in the DownBeat Critics Poll in 1991, 1992 and 1993. During this time in his early career, Hargrove was known as one of the “Young Lions,” a group of rising jazz musicians — including, among others, Marcus Roberts, Mark Whitfield and Christian McBride — who, embracing the foundations of jazz, played principally bebop, hard bop and the Great American Songbook standards. Hargrove, along with other of the "Young Lions," formed an all-star band in 1991 called The Jazz Futures, which released one critically acclaimed album Live in Concert before going their separate ways.

Also in 1992, Hargrove participated in several one-off, ensemble recordings including the albums "New York Stories" featuring Danny Gatton and Bobby Watson and "Pride of Lions" featuring Philip Bailey, Billy Childs and Tony Williams (drummer), among others.

In 1993, Jazz at Lincoln Center commissioned Hargrove to compose an original jazz suite, and he premiered The Love Suite: In Mahogany at Lincoln Center with his sextet that year.

In 1994, Hargrove signed with Verve and recorded With the Tenors of Our Time featuring Joe Henderson, Stanley Turrentine, Johnny Griffin, Joshua Redman, and Branford Marsalis. Also that year, Hargrove appeared on the eponymous debut album of Buckshot LeFonque, a jazz-funk band led by Branford Marsalis.

In 1995, Hargrove released his next album, Family, and experimented with a trio format that same year on Parker's Mood, an album recorded with bassist Christian McBride and pianist Stephen Scott. The Penguin Jazz Guide identifies Parker's Mood as one of the “1001 Best Albums” in the history of the genre.

Also in 1995, Hargrove formed the Roy Hargrove Big Band to perform at the Panasonic Jazz Festival in New York. The band would go on to record and perform worldwide and feature big band arrangements of Hargrove's own compositions as well as his favorite songs by respected contemporaries.

In 1998, Hargrove won the Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Album for Habana with Roy Hargrove's Crisol, an ensemble of Cuban and American musicians which included Chucho Valdés, Russell Malone, Frank Lacy, Jose Luis "Changuito" Quintana and Miguel "Angá" Díaz, among others. He won his second Grammy for Best Jazz Instrumental Album in 2002 for Directions in Music: Live at Massey Hall with co-leaders Herbie Hancock and Michael Brecker. Hargrove was nominated for four other Grammy Awards during his career.

During the late 1990s and early 2000s, Hargrove was also a member of the Soulquarians, a collective of experimental jazz, hip hop and soul artists that included Questlove, D’Angelo, Common and others. In 2000, Hargrove added jazz and funk-influenced horns in support of D'Angelo on his Grammy-winning album Voodoo. He also supported D'Angelo on tour that year as a member of the Soultronics, a backing "supergroup" featuring Questlove and Pino Palladino, among others.

Also in 2000, Hargrove performed the music of Louis Armstrong in Roz Nixon's musical production "Dedicated To Louis Armstrong" as part of the Verizon Jazz Festival.

In 2002, Hargrove collaborated with D'Angelo, Macy Gray, the Soultronics, and Nile Rodgers, on two tracks for Red Hot & Riot, a compilation album in tribute to the music of afrobeat pioneer Fela Kuti. He also acted as sideman for jazz pianist Shirley Horn and spoken-word artist Common on the album Like Water for Chocolate and with singer Erykah Badu on Worldwide Underground.

From 2003 to 2006, he released three albums as the leader of Roy Hargrove's The RH Factor, a group that blended jazz, soul, hip hop and funk idioms. The band's debut album, Hard Groove, was hailed as "genre-busting" by critics and ushered in a new era of hip hop-accented jazz. The band's second album, Strength, was nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Contemporary Jazz Album."

After signing with Universal/EmArcy in 2008, Hargrove released Earfood, a quintet recording "steeped in tradition and sophistication," which Jazziz selected as one of the 5 "essential albums" of that year. He followed in 2009 with "Emergence," an album recorded with the Roy Hargrove Big Band; he received a Grammy nomination for "Best Improvised Jazz Solo" for his performance on the track "Ms. Garvey, Ms. Garvey" on that record. In 2010, Hargrove released "Live at the New Morning," a DVD of an intimate club performance with his quintet in Paris. Thereafter, until his death in 2018, Hargrove toured extensively and appeared as a sideman on recordings by Jimmy Cobb, Roy Haynes, Cyrille Aimée, The 1975, D’Angelo, Kandace Springs and others.

Hargrove topped the trumpet category in the 2019 DownBeat Readers’ Poll.

In addition to the accolades he garnered on trumpet, music critics also praised Hargrove's tone on flugelhorn and gifted ways with a ballad. As the Chicago Tribune observed in 2010, "it's Hargrove's ballad playing that tends to win hearts, which is what happened every time he picked up his flugelhorn. We've been hearing Hargrove spin silk on this instrument for a couple of decades now, yet one still marvels at the poetry of his tone, the incredible slowness of his vibrato and the arching lyricism of his phrases."

Over his 30-year career, Hargrove composed and recorded several original compositions, one of which, "Strasbourg-St. Denis", has been characterized as reaching the status of a jazz standard.

In July 2021, Hargrove's estate released posthumously via Resonance Records the double-album In Harmony, a live duet recording made in 2006 and 2007 with pianist Mulgrew Miller that returned Hargrove to the Top 5 of the Billboard jazz chart. Slate selected In Harmony as one of the best jazz albums of 2021. The Académie du Jazz awarded In Harmony its prize for "Best Reissue or Best Unpublished" album of 2021.

Hargrove was posthumously elected to the DownBeat Magazine "Jazz Hall of Fame" in November 2021.

In June 2022, the documentary Hargrove, filmed during the final year of his life, debuted at the Tribeca Festival. Hargrove's estate issued a statement objecting to the film as not what he had envisioned when agreeing to participate.

Celebrating the 30th anniversary of its performance, in October 2023, Jazz at Lincoln Center released a live recording of Hargrove's original composition "The Love Suite: In Mahogany," a five-movement piece which he did not play again live after that debut performance. Jazziz Magazine called the album an "unearthed gem" that "showcases the much-missed trumpeter’s virtuosity and soulful songwriting ...." Jazz critic Nate Chinen of NPR applauded the album as "a flat-out marvel — maybe the most vivid example we have of Roy's ability to marshal hard-bop fire in a new form, steeped in swinging tradition but sparking and crackling right now."

Personal life and death
A quiet and retiring person in life, Hargrove struggled with kidney failure. He died at the age of 49 of cardiac arrest brought on by kidney disease on November 2, 2018, while hospitalized in New Jersey. According to his long-time manager, Larry Clothier, Hargrove had been on dialysis for the last 14 years of his life. He is survived by his wife, Aida Brandes-Hargrove, and daughter, Kamala Hargrove, who in 2020 launched the company Roy Hargrove Legacy LLC to preserve and extend his legacy. In 2022, Roy Hargrove Legacy re-launched the Roy Hargrove Big Band, which gives live performances featuring original band members and other musicians who supported Hargrove in his various ensembles.

As leader/co-leader

 * 1989–90: Diamond in the Rough (Novus, 1990)
 * 1991?: Public Eye (Novus, 1991)
 * 1991: The Tokyo Sessions with Antonio Hart (Novus, 1922)
 * 1992?: The Vibe (Novus, 1992)
 * 1993?: Of Kindred Souls: The Roy Hargrove Quintet Live (Novus, 1993)
 * 1993–94: Approaching Standards (BMG Music/Jazz Heritage, 1995) – compilation of tracks from 4 albums
 * 1994: The Roy Hargrove Quintet, With the Tenors of Our Time (Verve, 1994)
 * 1995: Family (Verve, 1995)
 * 1995: Parker's Mood with Christian McBride, Stephen Scott (Verve, 1995)
 * 1997: Roy Hargrove's Crisol, Habana (Verve, 1997) – Latin Jazz Grammy Winner
 * 1999: Roy Hargrove with Strings, Moment to Moment (Verve, 2000)
 * 2001: Directions in Music: Live at Massey Hall with Herbie Hancock, Michael Brecker (Verve, 2002) – live. Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group of 2003.
 * 2003?: The RH Factor, Hard Groove (Verve, 2003)
 * 2003–04?: The RH Factor, Strength EP (Verve, 2004) – includes unreleased Hard Groove (2003) sessions
 * 2005?: Nothing Serious (Verve, 2006) – promo version released in 2005
 * 2006?: The RH Factor, Distractions (Verve, 2006)
 * 2007: The Roy Hargrove Quintet, Earfood (EmArcy, 2008)
 * 2008: The Roy Hargrove Big Band, Emergence (Universal/Emarcy, 2009)

Posthumous release
 * In Harmony with Mulgrew Miller (Resonance, 2021) – recorded in 2006-07
 * The Love Suite: In Mahogany (Blue Engine Records, 2023) - recorded in 1993

As member
Superblue
 * 1988: Superblue (Somethin' Else [JP]; Blue Note, 1988)

Manhattan Projects

With Carl Allen, Donald Brown, Ira Coleman and Kenny Garrett
 * 1989: Dreamboat (Timeless, 1990)
 * 1989: Piccadilly Square (Timeless, 1993)

Jazz Futures

With Antonio Hart, Benny Green, Carl Allen, Christian McBride, Mark Whitfield, Marlon Jordan, Tim Warfield
 * 1991: Live in Concert (Novus [US], 1993)

The Jazz Networks
 * 1991: Straight to the Standards (Novus J/BMG Japan, 1992)
 * 1992: Beauty and the Beast (Novus [US]; Novus J/BMG Japan, 1993)
 * 1993: Blues 'n Ballads (Novus J/BMG Japan, 1994)
 * 1993–94: The Other Day (Novus J/BMG Japan, 1996)
 * 1994: In the Movies (Novus J/BMG Japan, 1995)

Buckshot LeFonque
 * 1994 Buckshot LeFonque (Columbia 1994)

As sideman
With D'Angelo
 * 1998–99: Voodoo (Virgin, 2000)
 * 2002–14: Black Messiah (RCA, 2014)

With Erykah Badu
 * 1998–2000: Mama's Gun (Motown, 2000)
 * 2001–03: Worldwide Underground (Motown, 2003)

With Jimmy Cobb
 * 2006: Cobb's Corner (Chesky, 2007)
 * 2008: Jazz in the Key of Blue (Chesky, 2009)
 * 2016: Remembering U (Jimmy Cobb World, 2019) – posthumous release

With Johnny Griffin
 * 1994?: Chicago-New york-Paris (Verve, 1994)
 * 2008: Live at Ronnie Scott's (In+Out, 2008) – live

With Roy Haynes
 * Birds of a Feather: A Tribute to Charlie Parker (Dreyfus Jazz, 2001)
 * Roy-Alty (Dreyfus Jazz, 2011)

With Shirley Horn
 * 1995: The Main Ingredient (Verve, 1996)
 * 1997: I Remember Miles (Verve, 1998)
 * 2003: May the Music Never End (Verve, 2003)

With Jimmy Smith
 * 1995: Damn! (Verve, 1995)
 * 1995: Angel Eyes: Ballads & Slow Jams (Verve, 1996)

With The 1975
 * 2015: I Like It When You Sleep, for You Are So Beautiful yet So Unaware of It (Dirty Hit, 2016)
 * 2017-18: A Brief Inquiry into Online Relationships (Dirty Hit, 2018)
 * 2018-20: Notes on a Conditional Form (Dirty Hit, 2020) – posthumous release

With others
 * 1988: Bobby Watson & Horizon, No question about it (Blue Note, 1988)
 * 1989: Ricky Ford, Hard Groovin' (Muse, 1989)
 * 1990: Ralph Moore, Furthermore (Landmark, 1990)
 * 1990: Frank Morgan, A Lovesome Thing (Antilles, 1991)
 * 1991?: Antonio Hart, For the First Time (Novus, 1991)
 * 1991?: Charles Fambrough, The Proper Angle (CTI, 1991)
 * 1991: Sonny Rollins, Here's to the People (Milestone, 1991) – 2 tracks "I Wish I Knew" and "Young Roy"
 * 1992?: Jackie McLean, Rhythm of the Earth (Birdology, 1992)
 * 1992?: V.A., New York Stories (Blue Note, 1992)
 * 1992: Philip Bailey, Billy Childs, Bobby Watson, Tony Williams, "Pride of Lions" (Sony Masterworks, 1992)
 * 1992: Diana Ross, Stolen Moments: The Lady Sings... Jazz and Blues (Motown, 1993) – live
 * 1993: Bob Thiele Collective, Lion Hearted (Red Baron, 1993)
 * 1993: Steve Coleman, The Tao of Mad Phat (Novus, 1993)
 * 1993: Rodney Kendrick, The Secrets of Rodney Kendrick (Verve, 1993)
 * 1994: David Sanchez, Sketches of Dreams (Columbia, 1995)
 * 1994: Marc Cary, Cary On (Enja, 1995)
 * 1994: Christian McBride, Gettin' to It (Verve, 1995)
 * 1994: Abbey Lincoln, A Turtle's Dream (Verve, 1995)
 * 1996: Cedar Walton, Composer (Astor Place, 1996)
 * 1996: Oscar Peterson, Meets Roy Hargrove and Ralph Moore (Telarc, 1996)
 * 1997?: Kitty Margolis, Straight up with a Twist (Mad-Kat, 1997)
 * 1997: Fred Sanders, East of Vilbig (Leaning House Jazz, 1997)
 * 1999: Curtis Lundy, Against All Odds (Justin Time, 1999)
 * 1999–2000: Common, Like Water for Chocolate (MCA, 2000)
 * 2000: Ray Brown Trio, Some of My Best Friends Are... The Trumpet Players (Telarc, 2000)
 * 2001: Phil Woods, Voyage (Chiaroscuro, 2001)
 * 2001?: Boz Scaggs, Dig (Virgin, 2001)
 * 2002: Natalie Cole, Ask a Woman Who Knows (Verve, 2002) – 1 track "I'm Glad There Is You"
 * 2003 John Mayer, Heavier Things
 * 2003?: Randal Corsen, Armonia (AJA, 2003)
 * 2005: Anke Helfrich, Better Times Ahead (Double Moon, 2006)
 * 2005: Steve Davis, Update (Criss Cross Jazz, 2006)
 * 2006: John Mayer, Continuum (Aware, 2006)
 * 2008?: John Beasley, Letter to Herbie (Resonance, 2008)
 * 2008?: Roy Assaf & Eddy Khaimovich Quartet, Andarta (Origin, 2008)
 * 2008: Marcus Miller, A Night in Monte Carlo (Dreyfus/Concord Jazz, 2010) – live
 * 2010?: Angelique Kidjo, Õÿö (Razor & Tie, 2010) – 1 track "Samba pa ti"
 * 2010: Cyrille Aimée + Friends, Live at Smalls (SmallsLIVE, 2011) – live
 * 2011: Laïka Fatien, Come A Little Closer (Universal Music, 2012)
 * 2011?: Stan Killian, Unified (Sunnyside, 2011)
 * 2003–11: Jim Martinez and Friends, He Keeps Me Swinging - Jazz Praise IV (Invisible Touch, 2011)
 * 2015?: Ameen Saleem, The Grove Lab (Jando Music S.r.l., 2015)
 * 2017: Johnny O'Neal, In The Moment (Smoke Sessions, 2017)
 * 2018?: Kandace Springs, Indigo (Blue Note, 2018) – 1 track "Unsophisticated"

title: Roy Hargrove


text:
Vic Oliver

Victor Oliver von Samek (8 July 1898 – 15 August 1964) was an Austrian-born British musician, entertainer, comedian and actor, most popular between the 1920s and 1950s.

Early life and musical career
He was born in Vienna into a Jewish family, the son of Baron Viktor von Samek. He played tennis, football and hockey as a youth and became junior tennis champion of Austria in 1914. He studied medicine at Vienna University but abandoned it for his first love, music. He had been acclaimed as a child prodigy on the violin, and for a time studied under Mahler. During the First World War he served in the Austrian cavalry as adjutant to Prince René of Bourbon-Parma, and at the end of the war escaped to France on a forged passport.

After the war he briefly worked as a banker and for a textile manufacturer, and performed as a drummer in a jazz band in Rouen and Le Havre. He travelled to the United States at the end of 1922, and played in vaudeville shows as a pianist and occasional vocalist. He joined a jazz group, The Nine Nights of Jazz, in 1923, and the following year formed a double act with violinist Margaret Crangle. After their act broke up, in 1927 he was appointed as conductor and compere of a travelling radio show in the U.S., with a portable transmitter.

As a comedian and musician
In 1928, he reunited with Crangle. He discovered his gift for comedy by chance when he apologised to his audience after falling from a piano stool and found that his apologies "drew more laughs than did his accident". A new career as a comedian took him all over the United States. He reached the Palace Theatre, New York, then regarded as the pinnacle of the American vaudeville circuit, in 1929. Returning to England to perform with Crangle, he played the London Palladium two years later, and started to establish his reputation in Britain. With his deferential, modest humour, he became very popular, both in Britain and America, as a solo act, and gained a reputation as "a sophisticated if rather risqué cabaret artiste". He played the violin deliberately badly in his shows. By 1935, he was topping the bill at the London Palladium, and shared the record (with Max Miller) for appearances at the Holborn Empire.

He was principal comedian in C. B. Cochran's revue Follow the Sun at the Adelphi Theatre, where he met Winston Churchill's daughter Sarah. After Oliver returned to New York to play in the revue It's the Tops, Churchill joined him there and they were married amid much publicity on Christmas Day 1936. Winston Churchill did not approve of Oliver, who had been divorced at least once, possibly twice. Some thought there was negativity also towards those involved with music halls.

Oliver featured in a string of popular revues, just before and after the start of the Second World War, including Black and Blue, Black Velvet, and The Night and the Music. During the war he starred in the BBC radio show Hi, Gang! and appeared in many others, including Oliver Twist, Yankee Doodle Do, and Vic Oliver Introduces. He was Roy Plomley's first "castaway" guest on Desert Island Discs, on 29 January 1942. This lost broadcast was recalled in 2012 in a BBC radio documentary about Oliver's life in Britain.

He had aspirations as a conductor and in 1944 founded the Vic Oliver Concert Orchestra, which gave light classical concerts as well as complete opera performances. He toured with the orchestra, and in 1945, and again in 1952, appeared in the Royal Variety Performance. He featured in further London revues after the end of the war, and remained a popular comedian in pantomimes and on radio shows. He was a regular on Henry Hall's Guest Night and Workers' Playtime and, as a music-based comedian, has been considered a precursor of Victor Borge. In 1953 he established Variety Playhouse as a primetime radio show featuring music, comedy and light drama; the show did not survive him. In 1962 he appeared in Discord in Three Flats (1962) with Cicely Courtneidge and Jack Hulbert.

Personal life and death
As a Jew, his name was reportedly listed on a Nazi blacklist (known as "The Black Book") of people to be arrested and killed immediately in the event of a successful German invasion of Britain. He became a naturalised British subject in 1948.

Oliver became a supporter of First Division club Brentford and was vice-president of the club in the early 1950s. He later became president of the Brentford Supporters' Club.

Oliver and Sarah Churchill divorced in 1945. It was noted that Oliver never capitalised on his relationship with Sarah Churchill, despite attractive offers. Oliver married Natalie Frances Conder in 1946 in Westminster, London, and they had one daughter.

He collapsed and died during a performance in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1964, aged 66.

Portrayal
Oliver was briefly portrayed in the 2002 film The Gathering Storm. He was played by Gerrard McArthur.

Filmography

 * Rhythm in the Air (1936)
 * Who's Your Lady Friend? (1937)
 * Meet Mr. Penny (1938)
 * Around the Town (1938)
 * Room for Two (1940)
 * Hi Gang! (1941)
 * He Found a Star (1941)
 * Give Us the Moon (1944)
 * I'll Be Your Sweetheart (1945)

title: Vic Oliver


text:
Quin Snyder

Quin Price Snyder (born October 30, 1966) is an American professional basketball coach who is the head coach for the Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). After being named a McDonald's All American as a high school player in Washington, he played college basketball for the Duke Blue Devils. He was the head coach of the Utah Jazz for eight seasons, and is known for being an offensive-minded tactician.

Early life
Snyder was born in Mercer Island, Washington, and graduated from Mercer Island High School in 1985. A two-time state basketball player of the year, Snyder led the team to the 1985 state championship. During this time Mercer Island achieved a No. 1 ranking in USA Today's high school polls. Snyder was named a McDonald's All American, the first player chosen from Washington.

College career

At Duke University, Snyder was a point guard for the Blue Devils from 1985 to 1989, and his team played in the Final Four in 1986, 1988, and 1989. He became a starter in his second season (1987) and started almost all games the remainder of his career. He was elected a team captain and honored as an Academic All-American during his senior season.

He graduated from Duke in 1989 with a double major in philosophy and political science, and, later received a J.D. degree from Duke Law School in 1995 and an M.B.A. degree from the Duke Fuqua School of Business in 1995.

Los Angeles Clippers (1992–1993)
In the middle of his graduate work, Snyder spent the NBA season as an assistant coach for the Los Angeles Clippers.

Duke (1993–1999)
From 1993 to 1995, Snyder served as an administrative assistant to men's basketball coach Mike Krzyzewski while Snyder completed his MBA and JD at Duke. After completing both degrees in 1995, Snyder became a full-time assistant coach under Krzyzewski. In 1997, Duke promoted Snyder to associate head coach. During Snyder's time as a Duke assistant coach, Duke made the 1994 and 1999 NCAA tournament championship rounds and the Elite Eight round in 1998. Duke also won the ACC tournament in 1999.

Missouri (1999–2006)
In 1999, Snyder accepted the head coaching position for the University of Missouri Tigers men's basketball team, succeeding longtime coach Norm Stewart. He eventually led the Tigers to four consecutive NCAA tournament berths, including the Elite Eight in 2002, matching the deepest run ever made by a Missouri team in the NCAA Tournament.

Snyder was hailed as a sensation upon his arrival at Missouri. His first team knocked off a ranked Illinois team and then defeated Kansas in Snyder's first game against Mizzou's archrival. Snyder's second season was punctuated by similar success. He once again toppled a ranked Kansas team and led the Tigers to their first NCAA victory since 1995. The eventual 2001 NCAA National Champion Duke ended the Tigers' season in the NCAA Tournament. He was named Rookie Coach of the Year by the Basketball Times after the season.

In the summer of 2003, Snyder was an assistant coach for United States at the Pan American Games. In May 2004, Snyder was named in 17 allegations as a part of an NCAA investigation over recruiting violations, centering on improper gifts to guard Ricky Clemons. The program was placed on a three-year probation that November after the NCAA infractions committee ruled that an assistant bought meals, provided transportation and illegally contacted recruits. The committee rejected claims by the school that the rule violations were inadvertent, although it also dismissed charges of major violations, including the Clemons' claim that assistant coaches paid players cash. Snyder later admitted to having players at his house for "an occasional meal" and giving Clemons clothing.

Snyder resigned as coach on February 10, 2006 following a 26-point loss to Baylor that extended a losing streak to six and dropped the Tigers to a 10–11 record overall, 3–7 in the Big 12. He finished with a 126–91 record over seven years, reaching the NCAA tournament in each of his first four seasons but posting only a 42–42 record since. After his resignation, Snyder accused Missouri athletic director Mike Alden of sending Gary Link, a basketball analyst and assistant to Alden, to inform him that he would be fired after the season.

Austin Toros (2007–2010)
Following his departure from Missouri in 2006, Snyder initially gave up on coaching for good. But in May 2007, he accepted the head coaching position of the Austin Toros in the NBADL

In the first season, Snyder's team won the Southwest Division championship and reached the D-League Finals. In his second season, Snyder led the Toros to a 32-win season; coached in the 2009 NBA D-League All-Star Game in Phoenix; received the Dennis Johnson Coach of the Year award; and reached the D-League Semi-Finals. In his final season with the team, the Toros compiled another 32-win season – this time with more rookies than any other team in the D-League – and again reached the Semi-Finals. During his three-year tenure in Austin, Snyder compiled more wins and guided more players to the NBA than any other coach in the D-League.

Philadelphia 76ers (2010–2011)
Snyder became a player development coach for the Philadelphia 76ers of the NBA on June 11, 2010 working under Doug Collins. Soon afterward, Snyder began training draft prospects in workouts preceding the 2010 NBA draft, including future 76ers player Evan Turner. The 76ers finished 41–41 in the 2010–11 season.

Los Angeles Lakers (2011–2012)
On July 1, 2011, NBA team Los Angeles Lakers hired Snyder as an assistant under coach Mike Brown. In a season shortened by a lockout, the Lakers finished the 2011–12 season in first place in the Pacific Division with a 41–25 record. The Lakers advanced to the Western Conference semi-finals.

CSKA Moscow (2012–2013)
On July 8, 2012, the European powerhouse team CSKA Moscow of the Russian Professional Basketball League hired Snyder as the head assistant coach under Ettore Messina. CSKA reached the Euroleague Final Four this season, but lost to eventual champion Olympiacos Piraeus in the semi-final round.

Atlanta Hawks (2013–2014)
On June 10, 2013, the Atlanta Hawks hired Snyder as the head assistant coach.

Utah Jazz (2014–2022)
On June 6, 2014, Snyder was hired by the Utah Jazz to be the team's head coach. He reportedly signed a three-year deal with a team option for a fourth season. Snyder previously worked with Jazz general manager Dennis Lindsey from 2007 to 2010 when Lindsey was an assistant general manager with the San Antonio Spurs and Snyder coached the Toros, the Spurs' D-League affiliate. On May 6, 2016, the Jazz announced a long-term contract extension for Snyder. In June 2018, Snyder was named a finalist for NBA Coach of the Year. On October 19, 2019, the Jazz signed Snyder to a new contract extension.

On February 18, 2021, Snyder was named as the Western Conference head coach for the 2021 NBA All-Star Game as a result of his team's NBA-best 23–5 record.

On June 5, 2022, Snyder resigned as head coach of the Jazz after eight seasons with a 372–264 (.585) regular season record.

Return to Atlanta (2023–present)
On February 26, 2023, the Atlanta Hawks hired Snyder as head coach.

College
* Resigned before the season ended; Melvin Watkins became interim coach afterward, and Missouri finished the 2005–06 season 12–16 (5–11 Big 12) and 11th in the Big 12.

title: Quin Snyder


text:
Trans-Texas Corridor

The Trans-Texas Corridor (TTC) was a proposal for a transportation network in the U.S. State of Texas that was conceived to be composed of a new kind of transportation modality known as supercorridors. The TTC was initially proposed in 2001 and after considerable controversy was discontinued by 2010 in the planning and early construction stages.

The network, as originally envisioned, would have been composed of a 4000 mi network of supercorridors up to 1200 ft wide to carry parallel links of tollways, rails, and utility lines. It was intended to route long-distance traffic around population centers, and to provide stable corridors for future infrastructure improvements–such as new power lines from wind farms in West Texas to the cities in the east–without the otherwise often lengthy administrative and legal procedures required to build on privately owned land. The tollway portion would have been divided into two separate elements: truck lanes and lanes for passenger vehicles. Similarly, the rail lines in the corridor would have been divided among freight, commuter, and high-speed rail. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) intended to "charge public and private concerns for utility, commodity or data transmission" within the corridor, in essence making a toll road for services such as water, electricity, natural gas, petroleum, fiber optic lines, and other telecommunications services. The network would have been funded by private investors and built and expanded as demand warrants.

In 2009, TxDOT decided to phase out the all-in-one corridor concept in favor of developing separate rights-of-way for road, rail, and other infrastructure using more traditional corridor widths for those modes. In 2010, official decision of "no action" was issued by the Federal Highway Administration, formally ending the project. The action eliminated the study area and canceled the agreement between TxDOT and ACS-Zachry.

In 2011, the Texas Legislature formally canceled the Trans-Texas Corridor with the passage of HB 1201.

Network
The TTC was hoped to be a multi-use, statewide system that would have included new and existing highways, railways, and utility rights-of-way. According to the Houston Chronicle, on January 6, 2009, "In response to public outcry, the ambitious proposal to create the Trans-Texas Corridor network has been dropped and will be replaced with a plan to carry out road projects at an incremental, modest pace".

The network was proposed to include separate lanes for passenger and truck traffic, freight and high-speed commuter railways, and infrastructure for utilities, including water, oil, and gas pipelines; electricity; along with broadband and other telecommunications services. Although the model corridor design incorporates all of these elements running in parallel within a shared right-of-way, more recent plans suggested that existing rail and road corridors could be used for some components of the TTC. The model corridor design also represented the ultimate build-out of a corridor section, which would not have been realized for decades, if at all, as corridor segments and components were planned to be built based on traffic demand.

The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) attempted to provide oversight for planning, construction, and maintenance while day-to-day operations would have been performed by private companies. In March 2005, TxDOT and ACS-Zachry signed a comprehensive development agreement which authorized $3.5 million of planning for TTC-35. This agreement did not designate the alignment, authorize construction, set toll rates or who collects them, and did not eliminate competition for future services. There were no contracts awarded to develop or finance any other corridor.

Corridors
There were two initial trans-Texas corridors under consideration: One would have paralleled Interstate 35 (I-35), from Gainesville to Laredo and passing the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Austin and San Antonio. The other would have been an extension of the proposed I-69 corridor, generally following US 59, from Texarkana past Houston to either Laredo or the Rio Grande Valley. Both of these corridors have seen large increases in freight traffic demand over the past two decades due to increased trade with Mexico.

Two additional high priority potential corridors would have paralleled Interstate 45 from Dallas to Houston and Interstate 10 from El Paso to Orange.

TTC-35
ACS-Zachry, a partnership between Spanish-based toll-road developer/operator ACS and Texas-based Zachry Construction, was awarded a $3.5 million contract to help plan the entire TTC-35 route in March 2005. The study area for Trans-Texas Corridor-35 (TTC-35) generally followed Interstate 35 from Laredo to the Oklahoma border. The environmental study for the project proceeded in two tiers: a first tier that refined the study area to a 10 mi wide study corridor and a second tier that selected particular alignments for the various corridor components; where all corridor components (rail, highway, and utilities) were planned to be built adjacent to one another, this corridor would have been approximately 1200 ft wide.

The TTC-35 Tier 1 draft environmental impact statement (EIS) was published in April 2006. The final EIS was expected originally to be submitted to the Federal Highway Administration in 2007;, preparation of the final EIS was listed as "ongoing."

The draft EIS included 12 different study corridor alternatives by choosing among four variations along the route. The first variation, from Laredo to southeast of San Antonio, would have included either the current I-35 alignment until curving off to the east at a point south of San Antonio or would have followed a more direct route to the east. The study area for all alternatives continued northeast, paralleling I-35. The second variation would have either passed just to the east of the municipal boundaries along I-35 from Austin to Temple or further east. The third variation would have passed either to the west of Fort Worth or east of Dallas. The fourth variation was dependent on the eastern third variation and would have either rejoined the western third variation near the Oklahoma border or would have ended at the Oklahoma border near U.S. Route 75. The draft EIS designated a recommended preferred alternative corridor running to the east of I-35 and I-35E from near Gainesville to south of San Antonio, where the corridor would join I-35 to run south to Laredo.

On October 7, 2009, TxDOT officials announced that the department would recommend the "No Action Alternative", which effectively ended the efforts to develop the Interstate 35 corridor through the TTC concept.

SH 130
State Highway 130 is a component of the Central Texas Turnpike System, much of which was thought likely to be incorporated into TTC-35. Segments 1-4 of SH 130 were built by Lone Star Infrastructure in the Austin metropolitan area as an eastern relief route for Interstate 35.

On June 28, 2006, ACS-Zachry reached a $1.3 billion agreement with the state to build segments 5 and 6 of SH 130, which could have represented the alignment of TTC-35's highway component between Interstate 10 at Seguin east of San Antonio and U.S. Route 79 near Taylor, Texas. According to the "Facility Plan of Finance," $412 million of financing for the project would be a federally-guaranteed loan under the Transportation Infrastructure Financing and Innovation Act, while the remaining financing would be from equity put forward by ACS-Zachry and bank loans from private lenders. Per the agreement, TxDOT would receive between 4.65% and 50% of toll revenues depending on the performance of the facility, with a smaller share due to TxDOT if TxDOT does not authorize posting of daytime speed limits of 80 mph or higher along the route.

The ACS-Zachry Preliminary Financial Plan showed the expected toll revenue to be collected for Segment 5 and 6 at $14.9 billion over 50 years. The Preliminary Financial Plan for Segment 5 and 6 also showed $12.4 billion in earnings before taxes for the developer.

I-69/TTC
The second priority corridor for development was the Interstate 69 extension through Texas, which would have roughly followed the route of US 59 from Laredo via Houston to Carthage; there, the national I-69 corridor would have continued northeast into Louisiana and a spur route north to Texarkana would have continued along US 59 to Interstate 30. The original national plan for I-69 also included two spur routes to the Rio Grande Valley following US 281 and US 77; Texas was also studying a connection between the I-69 corridor near Laredo and Corpus Christi known as the "Port to Port Corridor".

Texas' portion of I-69 was originally planned to be developed as a traditional Interstate highway (with a mixed-use freeway component only), as it is being developed in other states, but was rolled into the Trans Texas Corridor concept soon after the latter's announcement due to their substantial overlap in purpose and scope. However, on June 11, 2008, TxDOT announced they planned to limit further study of I-69 to existing highway corridors–U.S. 59, U.S. 77, U.S. 281, U.S. 84, and SH 44–outside transition zones in the lower Rio Grande Valley, Laredo, Houston, and Texarkana. TxDOT also announced it was reverting to building I-69 as a standard 4-lane freeway instead of a multi-modal corridor as previously envisioned under the Trans-Texas Corridor concept. The latest plan called for adding a second carriageway and eliminating at-grade intersections along US-59 and US-77 in rural areas, with tolled bypasses around major cities and towns along the I-69 route.

According to the Deep East Texas Council of Governments, I-69 is a "future NAFTA Superhighway". It will enter the U.S. from the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.

Other potential corridors
Texas officials identified several other possible TTC corridors in the long-range plan. Interstate 10 through the southern part of the state, Interstate 20 from east of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex to I-10 near Midland, along an extended Interstate 27 through western Texas, and a new terrain corridor along the northern Texas border paralleling sections of Interstate 30 from the Arkansas line at Texarkana to Fort Worth, US-287 from Fort Worth to Amarillo, and Interstate 40 from Amarillo to New Mexico.

As alternatives to California seaports
One component of TTC-69 could have been part of a freight corridor that stretched from ports on the Pacific coast of Mexico to the Great Lakes. Depending on the level of traffic on that route, opponents argued that it would draw shipping traffic away from U.S. ports in California (San Diego, Long Beach and Los Angeles) in favor of Mexican seaports.

Criticism
A citizens uprising was started in 2003 by Linda and David Stall of Fayette County, after reading a small notice in a trade paper about a hearing to be held by TxDOT in their rural town of Fayetteville, Texas. The Stalls notified their friends and neighbors. Eight hundred people showed up to a town hall with a seating capacity of 100. David Stall, a city manager, and Linda Stall, an escrow officer of a Texas title company, founded CorridorWatch.org to lead the building of a network of people who worked together to defeat the construction project. The Motorcycle Riders Caucus, active within both the Democratic and Republican parties, was categorically opposed to toll roads, and they were the most powerful caucus in Texas. Its chair Sputnik helped to develop Stall's network into an immense, diverse coalition of voters opposed to the corridor. As lobbyist for the Texas Motorcycle Rights Association, Sputnik convinced many state legislators to vote against it.

American author and conservative activist Jerome Corsi vehemently opposed the corridor and wrote a book titled The Late Great USA: NAFTA, the North American Union, and the Threat of a Coming Merger with Mexico and Canada. In 2002, the TTC was estimated to cost between US$145.2 billion to $183.5 billion to complete the entire 4000 mi network. Some criticisms have focused on the enormous width of the corridors. The planned system, if built out to its fullest extent, could have required about 584000 acre of land to be purchased or acquired through the state's assertion of eminent domain. Environmentalists were concerned about the effects of such wide corridors and private land owners have expressed concerns about property rights. Opponents also alleged that noise from the TTC would be of such a high volume that it would render the area within one mile (1.6 km) of the corridor uninhabitable by humans, at least during periods of peak traffic on all components of the corridor (freight and passenger rail, truck lanes, and passenger lanes) if they are colocated and built to full capacity.

According to TxDOT documents released in June 2002, "Governor Rick Perry wrote Transportation Commission Chairman John W. Johnson on January 30, 2002 to outline his vision for the Trans Texas Corridor. The governor asked the three-member commission to assemble the Texas Department of Transportation’s top talent to create and deliver a Trans Texas Corridor implementation plan in 90 days."

In spite of public complaints–and both the 2006 platforms of the Texas Republican and Democratic parties opposing the plan–Governor Rick Perry continued to support the TTC.

Among the opponents to the corridor was the Republican State Representative Lois Kolkhorst of Washington County, who opposed on the basis that the project would undermine private property rights.

In the 2010 gubernatorial elections, Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison ran several attack advertisements regarding the TTC as Perry's attempts to expand government and take land from the average Texan. Ultimately, the advertisements did not have a great effect as Hutchison bowed out following her loss in the Republican primary.

Financing
To help pay for building the roads and rails, the highways would have been partially financed through private investment. The investors would have then operated the highways as toll roads.

Based on The ACS-Zachry Preliminary Financial Plan (TTC-35 Development Agreement, Exhibit C) funding the TTC-35 Corridor awarded to ACS-Zachry showed that 22%(1) of the initial infrastructure costs were shown to be funded with equity provided by ACS-Zachry. The other 78% was to be provided by bank loans or bonds arranged by ACS-Zachry. Based on then-current federal regulations these bonds could have been tax-exempt. It was also noted in the financial plan that ACS-Zachry expected to have 12% return on investment for their equity partners. The 12% return was after taxes, which would have been approximately equivalent to 16% before taxes. The plan called for paying off the bank loans and the bonds prior to retiring the equity as shown in cash flow diagrams of the Preliminary Financial Plan (TTC-35 Development Agreement, Exhibit C). With usual bond financing there is a 3:1 ratio between total fees collected and value of capital infrastructure built. With TTC-35 the ratio was in the order of magnitude of 13:1. So while TTC-35 committed to construct $8 billion in infrastructure ACS-Zachry expected to collect $114 billion in toll revenues as shown in the preliminary plan. A report by the Texas State Auditor estimated the toll to be collected for TTC-35 to be $104 billion or more, confirming the order of magnitude of tolls collected.

title: Trans-Texas Corridor


text:
Talk:India and weapons of mass destruction

Untitled
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Hopelessly one-sided about India's (lack of) capacity to produce a two-stage thermonuclear weapon
Carnegie (reliable source) quotes: "late in 2009, a group of senior Indian nuclear scientists, including many who were actively involved in the weapons program, called upon their government to conduct an “in-depth analysis of our real capabilities,” given “the grave situation we are in regarding our Thermonuclear (H-bomb) capability,” with an eye to undertaking “resolute, speedy and comprehensive corrective action.”":

https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/07/18/india-pub-87397

Theeurocrat (talk) 19:11, 20 October 2023 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:France and weapons of mass destruction which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 00:31, 6 December 2023 (UTC)


text:
Zwelinzima Vavi

Zwelinzima Vavi (born 20 December 1962 ) is the General Secretary of the South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU). He is the former general secretary of the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), and vice-chairperson of the Millennium Labour Council.

Early life
Vavi was born on a farm in Hanover, Northern Cape, with a mineworker father, four brothers and seven sisters. Until he was baptised, he did not know the date of his birthday. He was a child labourer, looking for work among neighbouring farms.

In 1987 Vavi worked in a gold-mining territory of Klerksdorp and Orkney. He was a uranium plant clerk at Vaal Reefs mine, and joined the National Union of Mineworkers as an organizer. He was fired from AngloGold in 1987 following a massive miners' strike which crippled the Chamber of Mines. He then joined COSATU as a volunteer.

COSATU
In 1988, he became COSATU's regional secretary for the Western Transvaal. In 1992 he took up the position of national organizing secretary. He served as COSATU's deputy general secretary from 1993 to 1999.

Vavi took centre stage in the four-month negotiation that preceded the 1997 Jobs Summit. He served on the International Labour Organization's commission on globalisation.

In 1999 he succeeded Mbhazima Shilowa (formerly the Gauteng premier, and later one of the leaders of COPE) as general secretary of COSATU.

He addressed the 27 June 2002 XIV International AIDS Conference, where he pushed mass education and prevention campaigns.

Vavi has spoken out against the expulsion of NUMSA, the metalworkers union, which used to be the largest union in the COSATU federation. This is one of the major factors contributing to Vavi's expulsion from COSATU. On 30 March 2015 the Central Executive Committee (CEC) voted to expel Vavi. The vote was 31–1 in favour of expelling Vavi.

Vavi was suspended from the Cosatu secretary-general position in 2013 after a rape accusation.

Zimbabwe
As general secretary he has expressed disappointment with political progress in Zimbabwe, blaming mismanagement by government, an ill-conceived structural adjustment programme, and factors beyond its control like sanctions against neighbouring South Africa during apartheid years. He led two fact-finding missions, in October 2004 and February 2005, to assess conditions for a fair poll during the planned Zimbabwe parliamentary elections of 2005. The members of the mission were deported during the first mission, and were turned back at Harare airport at the start of the second.

Talking of the alliance which governs South Africa between the ANC, COSATU and the SACP after a failed trip to see the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) in 2004, he is critical of the ANC's approach to Zimbabwe, privatisation, and corruption in government.

ANC
He took particular issue with the Public Investment Corporation's Telkom share purchase, involving former communications director-general Andile Ngcaba and the former head of the presidency Smuts Ngonyama.

COSATU accuses both men of taking advantage of their government posts to access privileged information.

In May 2010 the ANC threatened to charge Vavi with "ill-discipline".

Vavi argued that under Jacob Zuma's government "We are heading rapidly in the direction of a full-blown predator state in which a powerful corrupt and demagogic elite of political hyenas increasingly controls the state as a vehicle of accumulation and warned of a possible Tunisia style revolution.

title: Zwelinzima Vavi