text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer/archive2

Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer
Addressed previous objection over lack of an image that shows what the aircraft actually looks like. It's also very topical - Steve Fossett completed his latest world record in it on Saturday. All images and data in the article are vouched for by a team-member, and have been ratified with the engineering and project teams.

 * Oppose No references or inline citations (Most common reason to reject too). Probably too short for such a thing,but I,mnot knowledgeable enoughto really judge on that. Circeus 17:19, 14 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose 1)No references or inline citations (FA criteria 2c). 2)The current events tag at the top of the article and the description of events that have occured in the last three or four days shows the article is not yet stable (FA criteria 2e). 3)The article currently contains a large number of single sentence paragraphs. These need to be condensed or expanded into larger paragraphs. --Allen3 talk 17:27, 14 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose I agree with the above.  That's not to say that, with some work, this article can't become a FAC.  However, it desperately needs references to back everything up.  As well, as the article appears to currently be in the media, it might be best to wait a month or so to see how the events play out.  That way, a more complete article can be written, as additional references will be available. --Ataricodfish 19:28, 14 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose - Has the "current event" tag on top, meaning it does not meet Stability requirements. Also, no references. Fieari 03:12, 15 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Support - Can someone give some examples of what inline references and citations could be added? This is a new and unique aircraft, and there isn't any other reference material on it out there. Also, not clear on why previous submissions didn't cite lack of references as a reason for rejection. Any thoughts on that? Also, will remove current event tag, as all the information about the aircraft's record attempts is now out, and there's no reason to add to the article right now. poleydee 09:00, 15 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Use a "References" section to list all the sources that were used to write the article. See Verifiability and Reliable sources for a short list of types of sources that are acceptable (eg. newspapers, magazines, some websites are a few examples). Use inline citations like Cite/Cite.php (see an example of this in action at Hugo Chavez to make it easy to fact-check. --maclean 25 17:14, 15 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Hey Poleydee, essentially, there are no references in the article, so as someone like myself who knows nothing of airplanes, I have no way of knowing whether the information presented in the article is accurate or made-up. If I wanted to learn more information, I don't have a single reference to click on to obtain more information (i.e., books, websites, etc.).  There are statements such as "As a consequence of this, there was some concern that, if the aircraft was to use standard jet fuel, the fuel might freeze.".  This statement is referencing someone's thoughts without a source, and whose concern are we referencing?  The designers?  Critics?  Scientists?  You?   A general rule of thumb, you need a reference for numbers/statistics ("GlobalFlyer's fuel sensors indicated that the plane had possibly lost about 1,200 kg (2,600 lb) of fuel early in the flight."), people's thoughts/feelings/quotes, and anything which the layman wouldn't understand.  There is a good deal of information in the article about the trip, the demonsions of the plane, the logic behind the design, etc.  Source where you go this information and you'll be good.  Otherwise, nothing stops someone from claiming the plane really lost 1,000 kg, or 12,000 kg, etc.
 * As for previous submissions, I have never seen an article pass in recent history without references (See Featured article candidates/Missingno for a recent article which was objected due to lack of references and taken off FAC as of today. If you scroll down, you'll see that Featured article candidates/Star is facing the same criticism), so I'll need to see an example to know what you are referring to.  The article above, What is a featured article mentions in 2C that featured articles must, "include the supporting of facts with specific evidence and external citations; these include a "References" section where the references are set out, complemented where appropriate by inline citations".  Some older FAC's slipped through under the "brillant prose" rational, but those articles are being/have been deleted (i.e. Featured_article_removal_candidates/All_your_base_are_belong_to_us) or corrected.
 * I hoped this explanation is helpful. Again, it's an informative article, but without references to back you up, there's nothing to verify how accurate it is, nor any way for me to learn more information outside of Wikipedia.--Ataricodfish 17:33, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment You can use ref/note (which I prefer) or ref/ref for inline citations. See the FA History of merit badges (Boy Scouts of America) for a sample of the ref/note system. Rlevse 15:26, 17 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Object - needs refs. Flcelloguy (A note? ) 22:57, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Response These are all helpful, and thanks for that, but I'm no further forward. The information is gained first hand from my personal dealings with the team who put the aircaft together. In other words, this article IS the source reference. If you like, we can reference the official website, but seeing as this was put together in the same way, it's just as authorative. In fact the wikipedia article is more authorative as it's been through the wiki process, meaning that it's been checked and double checked by more people than the official website has. I'm getting a little disillusioned, because as someone who was a part of the team, I thought I'd be able to bring my experience to the wikipedia first hand to create an original entry, rather than creating an entry that is simply a cull of other pieces of information from the web. So help me out, how do we make this work? --poleydee 10:12, 19 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your reply! We value people who have firsthand experience of the topic, such as yourself. However, the featured article criteria states that FAs should be verifiable and well-referenced. Unfortunately, personal experience doesn't qualify as an authoratative source. Perhaps you could find some sources that deal with this topic? Check out some of the other featured articles to see the amount and different types of sources. I hope this helps. Thanks! Flcelloguy (A note? ) 16:15, 19 February 2006 (UTC)


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Category:4-8-2 locomotives

Locomotives classified 4-8-2 under the Whyte notation of locomotive axle arrangements.
 * The equivalent UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements is 2D1 or 2'D1'.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:4-8-2 locomotives


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Talk:Paternalism

Modern Paternalism
Some note should be written that for example USA is considered by many to act paternalistic, which has an impact on individual freedom of countries, etc. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.14.75.136 (talk) 06:58, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

Definition
"Paternalism refers to a policy that prevents others from doing harm to themselves or a belief in such policies." - I believe that this statement is incorrect. The Oxford English Dictionary defines paternalism as "the policy of restricting the freedom and responsibilities of one's subordinates or dependants in their supposed best interest". This is clearly more accurate. The crux is that the justification is "it's in your own best interest", and the scope extends beyond avoiding harm, and includes forcing people to do something because it's better than the alternative, even though that alternative may not be harmful. For example, if I wanted to become an accountant, but because of a governmental psychometric testing policy I was forced to become a lawyer on the grounds that this was the optimum profession for me, and therefore it would be for my own good if I was to pursue it, then what has been averted (my becoming an accountant) was neither harmful to myself nor others. Nevertheless, the government's policy would be described as extreme paternalism. VivaEmilyDavies 00:00, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Good point, would you like to help me rewrite the article? Sam Spade 15:14, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

-This is now taken care of since I rewrote (so this discussion could probably be removed). Filofil (talk) 13:24, 29 February 2012 (UTC)

There is a problem with the current definition. I think we all agree that not every restriction of liberty is paternalistic. Isn't it inherent in the concept of paternalism that a person's liberty be restricted for that person's own good? That element isn't expressed in the definition as it stands, although earlier iterations included it. (For instance, a law requiring the use of seatbelts is paternalistic, but a law forbidding murder is not, even though both restrict liberty. Does anyone or any source disagree with my assessment here?) Chalkieperfect (talk) 03:56, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

NPOV
Somebody had written this in the article itself. I removed it and put a NPOV-tag there instead.

 * I do not know how to report pages, but this article obviously lacks any sort of neutrality. Look at the picture to the right, this is ridiculous. Whoever wrote this refers to paternalism as something that is "suffered from". Paternalism, as a basis for a social structure, began to deteriorate in the latter half of the 19th century. Why are  you talking about the World Bank? This article is clearly informed only by radical modern interpretations of its negative influences, and is indisputably driven by politics rather than a desire to present objective information. I am assuming this will be deleted, but I would like it if a flag could be put up denoting a lack of neutrality. It's this type of revisionism that exposes wikipedia's weaknesses as an otherwise thoroughly reliable, democratic source of information.

 * Here is the original article, yeah, it starts with "For Example" and never actually defines the term:

--Dnalor 20:42, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

This article is messy, and has an obvious anti-paternalism POV. That needs to be repaired. Sam Spade 15:14, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi, I tried to NPOVise a bit. Remove the NPOV tag yourselves if you think it is acceptable now. --Orzetto 08:17, 12 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Removing NPOV tag since no objections were made. --Orzetto 07:34, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

You have to understand why this is difficult. It is like an article on Child Rape where you have to save all the negativity for the "criticism" section. Paternalism in the modern world has only existed to justify slavery and the criminal abuses of the medical profession. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.93.51.156 (talk) 02:40, 2 January 2015 (UTC)

Opponents of Paternalism
I removed this small paragraph: "Opponents of Paternalism point out that if we are left to be free on our own eveneutally we will be able to overcome the downfalls of a more free society such as in the area's of free trade and global economic unification." because it made no sense to me at all. It cold be that I'm slow today, though, so if you can make sense of it, put it back in, and please explain it here. Also, if it is put in, it needs to have verification. Arbadihist 19:03, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

I think the neutrallity of this part is seriously in question. Read the following: "In favour, it could be said that every state is "paternalist" to a degree. Even the state's creation and protection of individual property rights might be interpreted as "paternalistic". The descriptions of the origin of the state by Aristotle see it as an extension of the family, and this description seems a lot more realistic than the social contract analogies of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau and Rawls." This is personal opinion ("seems a lot more realistic") than an expressioin of facts. Needs revision! bhs 12:45, 6 June 2006 (UTC)

Agreed, I removed the "seems a lot more realistic" and replaced it with "as opposed to," though that is only a first step in rectifying the slant of the article. 128.239.152.92 06:48, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

picture
I really don't think that picture has anything to do with Paternalism...isn't it just some kid being baptised or something? The monk isn't limiting the boy's freedom to prevent personal injury or harm to the latter. This is sort of silly. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.22.79.251 (talk) 19:43, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Kant and "What is Enlightenment?"
I just stumbled upon this article through a link from the page about a famous letter written by philosopher Immanuel Kant, (Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?,) where one of the main points he makes, according to the article, is about his views of paternalism. I am posting here because it seems that this is highly relevant to this article, but I do not feel qualified to edit it, since I know almost nothing about Kant and very little about philosophy in general, much less paternalism. Inertia720 08:16, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

Article or section for slave paternalism?
There really should be an article somewhere explaining the beliefs/claims of many Southerners in paternalism with respect to the institution of slavery. It might make sense to have a section here. Red Harvest (talk) 16:34, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

Pater / patris
Pater is nominative, patris is genitive. Both are Latin. Velho (talk) 01:59, 6 April 2009 (UTC)

Tweak the article towards current issues in modern political philosophy?
There is much more to be said about the use of term paternalism in modern political philosophy (for example by professors Joel Feinberg, Richard Arneson, and David Archard). As it now stands, most of the article is on familialism, even explicitly under that heading. This is an important historical background with some current relevance, but there is a rich debate on benevolent interference, rather removed from the family metaphor, that deserves more description. I can help with this, but first invite people to protest since it would be a major change. Filofil (talk) 10:36, 20 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Some time ago I went ahead and made some changes in this direction. Several though not all the points made on this talk page are no longer relevant. The two points I see as still relevant at all are that southern slavery and Kant could be included in a longer version of the entry.Filofil (talk) 16:11, 14 September 2012 (UTC)

Whuh?
Bit of a train wreck going on here, where's the reference to critiques of 19th century paternalism in the domestic and colonial contexts. No mention of the paternalist arguments in support of institutional slavery either, whatever. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 146.90.127.116 (talk) 00:01, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

Examples
The examples section here is terrible and is largely irrelevant to state paternalism, which is what this article should be talking about. I'm going to remove it in the meantime and make the article a little clearer. Roman à clef (talk) 04:02, 19 January 2016 (UTC)

Model Villages
I had always thought the villages of Port Sunlight, Saltaire and New Lanark etc. were examples of Paternalism or Tory Paternalism? could this be included or perhaps I have misunderstood. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A00:23C4:AA0C:2700:48E8:ABF3:8FEF:8529 (talk) 17:37, 3 August 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paternalism


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File:David Brudnoy - WBZ photo.jpg

David Brudnoy (WBZ-AM press photo)

 * Photo credit: WBZ-AM

Based on widespread usage, this image is believed to be a press/media photo, free for reuse or perhaps with noncommercial restrictions.

title: File:David Brudnoy - WBZ photo.jpg


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Harkat-ul-Mujahideen

Harkat-ul-Mujahideen (abbreviated HUM) is a Pakistan-based Islamist jihadist group operating primarily in Kashmir. The group have been considered as having links to Osama bin Laden and Mullah Omar.

The group has been designated as a terrorist organization by Bahrain, the United Nations, the United Kingdom and the United States. In response the organization changed its name to Harkat-ul-Mujahideen. The group splintered from Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HuJI), a Pakistani group formed in 1980 to fight the Soviet military in Afghanistan. The Government of India has declared and banned HuM as a jihad organisation.

Post Soviet–Afghan War
Harkat-ul-Mujahideen was originally formed as a splinter group of Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami in 1985. In 1989, at the end of Soviet–Afghan war, the group entered Kashmiri politics by use of militants under the leadership of Sajjad Afghani and Muzaffar Ahmad Baba Alias Mukhtar. In 1993 the group merged with Harkat-ul-Jehad-al-Islami to form Harkat-ul-Ansar.

Immediately following the merger India arrested three senior members: Nasrullah Mansur Langaryal, chief of the former Harkat-ul Mujahideen in November 1993; Maulana Masood Azhar, General Secretary in February 1994, and Sajjad Afghani (Sajjad Sajid) in the same month in Srinagar. Muzaffar Ahmad Baba was killed in an encounter at Pandan Nowhatta with the BSF in January 1994.

As a response the group carried out several kidnappings in an attempt to free their leaders, all of which failed. It was linked to the Kashmiri group al-Faran that kidnapped five Western tourists in Kashmir in July 1995; one, Hans Christian Ostrø, was killed in August 1995 and the other four reportedly were killed in December of the same year.

In 1997, the United States designated Harkat-ul-Ansar as a terrorist organization, and in response it renamed itself to Harkat-ul-Mujahideen.

In 1999, Sajjad was killed during a jailbreak which led to the hijacking, by the group, of Indian Airlines Flight 814 in December, which led to the release of Maulana Masood Azhar, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and Mushtaq Ahmed Zargar by the Indian Government. Azhar did not, however, return to the HUM, choosing instead to form the Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM), a rival militant group expressing a more radical line than the HUM, in early 2000.

Post 9/11 attacks
The group again came to the attention of the US after the 9/11 attacks, leading President George W. Bush to ban the group, this time under its Harkat-ul-Mujahideen moniker, on 25 September 2001.

The long-time leader of the group, Fazlur Rehman Khalil, in mid-February 2000 stepped down as HUM emir, turning the reins over to the popular Kashmiri commander and his second-in-command, Farooq Kashmiri. Khalil assumed the position of HUM Secretary General.

HUM is thought to have several thousand armed supporters located in Pakistani Kashmir, and India's southern Kashmir and Doda regions. It uses light and heavy machine guns, assault rifles, mortars, explosives, and rockets. HUM lost some of its membership due to defections to the Jaish-e-Mohammed.

The group is based in Muzaffarabad, Rawalpindi, and several other towns in Pakistan and Afghanistan, but members conduct insurgent and terrorist activities primarily in Kashmir.

The group's current leader, Fazlur Rehman Khalil, lives openly in the Islamabad suburb of Golra Sharif. He has denied having any contact with Osama bin Laden.

According to The New York Times, Osama Bin Laden's seized cellphones attest Harkat-ul-Mujahideen's continued contact with Osama Bin Laden and its bases and fighters shared with the Taliban over the years following the war in Afghanistan.

Designation as terrorist organization
The countries and organizations below have officially listed the Harkat-ul-Mujahideen (HuM) as a terrorist organization.

Harkat ul-Ansar
Harkat ul-Ansar (HuA) was an Islamic terrorist organization founded by Abdelkader Mokhtari in 1993. It was the result of a merger between Harkat-ul-Mujahideen and Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HuJI). Many of its operations were conducted in Jammu and Kashmir.

Soon after its founding, several members of its leadership were arrested by Indian Security Forces. In November 1993, the former head of HuM, Nasrullah Mansur Langrayal, was arrested. In February 1994, the HuA general secretary, Maulana Masood Azhar and chief commander, Sajjad Afghani, were captured in the Chattargul area of Anantnag district.

It was labeled a terrorist organization in 1997 by the United States because of its connections with Saudi terrorist Osama bin Laden. The ban severely limited the funding of the group, and as a result HuA was reorganized as a reincarnated Harkat-ul-Mujahideen. At the time, Azhar split from the group to form Jaish-e-Mohammed. In 1998, U.S.'s Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in its report stated, "HuA, an Islamic terrorist organisation that Pakistan supports in its proxy war against Indian forces in Kashmir, increasingly is using terrorist tactics against Westerners and random attacks on civilians that could involve Westerners to promote its pan-Islamic agenda." CIA also stated that Hua had abducted at least 13 persons, of which 12 were from western countries in the period from early 1994 to 1998.

title: Harkat-ul-Mujahideen


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About URI scheme

about is an internal URI scheme (also known as a "URL scheme" or, erroneously, "protocol") implemented in various Web browsers to reveal internal state and built-in functions. It is an IANA officially registered scheme, and is standardized.

In early versions of Netscape, any URI beginning with  that wasn't recognized as a built-in command would simply result in the text after the colon being displayed. Similarly, in early versions of Internet Explorer,  followed by a string of HTML (e.g.  ) would render that string as though it were the source of the page — thus providing a similar (though more limited) facility to the data: URI scheme defined by. Still other versions of Netscape would return various phrases in response to an unknown  URI, including "Whatchew talkin' 'bout, Willis?" (a catch phrase from the TV show Diff'rent Strokes) or "Homey don't play dat!" (from a recurring skit on the TV show In Living Color).

The most commonly implemented  URIs are , which displays a blank HTML document, and simply  , which may display information about the browser. Some browsers use URIs beginning with the name of the browser for similar purposes, and many  URIs will be translated into the appropriate URI if entered. Examples are  (Opera) or   (Google Chrome). An exception is, which is not translated.

Standardization
In 2010, and onwards, there are efforts to standardize the  URI scheme, and define the processing requirements for some specific URIs, in the IETF Applications Area Working Group (APPSAWG). In August 2012, it was published as an official Request for Comments as. The  URIs that have since been defined and assigned by IANA are listed below.

Chrome and Chromium derivatives
The following applies to all web browsers that derive from the Chromium project, including Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and Vivaldi.

The above list is not exhaustive; for a full list, see about:about URI.

Firefox
Many of these can also be used in Thunderbird, by setting them as the "Mail Start Page". Also, some extensions define additional about: URIs not listed here.

Opera (v1–15)
In Opera,  is an alias for the   scheme; therefore all these URIs also work with about prefixed. User JavaScript is disabled for all URIs in the  or   schemes as a security feature. These pages can, however, be styled using local stylesheets.

None of these functions, except the  combination, work in the Nintendo DS Browser, which is an Opera derivative.

Internet Explorer (6–11)
Internet Explorer about URIs are configurable in Windows. It is therefore possible that some of the listed URIs will not work on a particular computer. For example, "about:mozilla" was removed in SP2 (although the page can still be found at "res://mshtml.dll/about.moz"). These about URIs are sometimes used for spyware and adware, most notably in CoolWebSearch, which made about:blank display advertisements.

Any  URI that is not recognized by Internet Explorer redirects to a page saying "Navigation to the webpage was canceled."

Microsoft Edge (v20–44)
The following applies to Microsoft Edge version 20 through 44, which Microsoft dubs "the legacy Edge." For newer versions, see the Chromium section.

GNOME Web
When GNOME Web (formerly Epiphany) used Gecko as its layout engine, all Firefox-specific  URIs worked in it. After the adoption of WebKit as its layout engine, only the following URIs are supported.

Netscape
The about: URL originated in and has existed in all versions of Netscape browsers. It was originally added as an Easter egg to display information about the development team.

Older versions of the Netscape browser have an  URI that was similar to   above, but it would redirect to Netscape's active employee listing. In addition,, where username is the username of a Netscape employee, would redirect to the Netscape homepage of the employee specified. For example,  would redirect to  http://people.netscape.com/jwz/  (not an active link). Not all employee pages were accessible through this scheme. Only developers who knew which file in the source tree and the encoding scheme used to obfuscate the directory of employee about entries could add their names.

Many other  easter eggs existed, including the famous about:mozilla, and other less known ones that showed pictures of the Netscape mascot Mozilla in various foreign garb, such as about:deutsch showing Mozilla in Lederhosen.

Some versions of Netscape would display the browser history for the  URI.

Others

 * In Konqueror, any  URI except   and   redirects to , which shows a friendly ‘start’ and navigation page.
 * In Internet Explorer for Mac 5 was an offline Easter egg, accessible by typing ‘about:tasman’, showing the Acid1 test with the text replaced by the names of the developers.
 * Safari only recognizes.
 * Microsoft Outlook supports an additional  URI, which shows the Outlook Today Screen. This screen shows messages, tasks and appointments; it is also accessible from Internet Explorer. Outlook recognizes   too, but no other "about:" URIs.

title: About URI scheme


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Antonio Davis

Antonio Lee Davis (born October 31, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the Indiana Pacers, Toronto Raptors, Chicago Bulls, and New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He also played for Panathinaikos B.C. in Greece and Philips Milano in Italy. Davis is also the former president of the National Basketball Players Association (NBPA). On October 31, 2012, ESPN announced the hiring of Davis as a studio analyst for NBA broadcasts. He is also currently a co-host/analyst on SiriusXM NBA Radio.

College career
Davis played college basketball at UTEP under coach Don Haskins from 1986 to 1990. Teaming up with fellow future NBA-All star Tim Hardaway, Davis helped the Miners win 25 games and earn the seventh seed in the 1987 NCAA tournament as they defeated the number ten seed Arizona in overtime by a score of 98–91; they would, however, lose in the second round to Iowa by a score of 84–82. The next year, Davis started 30 games and averaged nearly 10 points with 6 rebounds as the Miners won 23 games and again advanced to the tournament, only to lose to number nine seed Seton Hall by a score of 80–64. As a junior, Davis averaged 14 points (second to Hardaway) with 8 rebounds a game as the Miners won 26 games and again gained the seventh seed, in the 1989 NCAA tournament, where they defeated number 10 seed LSU by a score of 85–74, only to lose in the second round to second-seeded Indiana by a score of 92–69. In Davis' senior year, (despite the departure of Hardaway to the NBA) the Miners still won 21 games, with Davis averaging 10 points and 7 rebounds a game; they would lose to the number six seed coming out of the tournament that year, Minnesota. After four seasons at UTEP, Davis declared for the 1990 NBA draft.

European career
Davis was drafted by the Indiana Pacers in the second round, 45th overall of the 1990 NBA draft. He initially went on to play with professional teams in Europe, rather than play in the NBA. He played with Panathinaikos in the Greek League from 1990 to 1992, and with Philips Milano of the Italian League, during the 1992–93 season.

Davis also played in Europe's 3rd-tier level league, the FIBA Korać Cup, with both teams and while he was with Milano, he won the Korać Cup championship in the 1992–93 season.

Indiana Pacers
In 1993, Davis returned to the United States to play in the NBA for the 1993–94 season when he signed with the Indiana Pacers as a free agent. As a rookie off the bench, Davis played in 81 games and helped the Pacers to the playoffs where they swept the Orlando Magic in three straight games then upset the top-seeded Atlanta Hawks in six games in the first two rounds en route to facing the Patrick Ewing-led New York Knicks in the Eastern Conference Finals. The Pacers dropped the first two games in New York before rebounding to take the next two in Indiana; in game five in New York teammate Reggie Miller scored 25 points in the fourth quarter to lead the Pacers to the victory. The Pacers then returned to Indianapolis with the chance to clinch the Eastern Conference title but lost both game six and the series.

The next year the Pacers won 52 games and the Central Division title thanks to the addition of Mark Jackson; Davis meanwhile played in 44 games averaging 7.6 points a game with 6.4 rebounds a game as he missed significant time due to injury. In the playoffs the Pacers faced the Atlanta Hawks for the second consecutive season. The Pacers swept the Hawks in three straight games, then found themselves in a rematch with the Knicks in the second round; in game one (which saw the ejections of Davis and Derek Harper) teammate Reggie Miller made a three-pointer and then stole the inbounds pass and tied the game with another three-pointer right in front of Knicks fan Spike Lee who was just a few feet away. Miller added 2 free throws and gave the Pacers a comeback win. The Pacers lost Game 2 and the series returned to Indiana. After four games, the Pacers took a 3–1 series lead; however, the Knicks bounced back and forces the seventh game at Madison Square Garden. The Pacers emerged victorious as Patrick Ewing's last-second shot did not go in the basket. With a 1-point win, the Pacers qualified for the Eastern Conference Finals for the second consecutive season. As with their first and second-round opponents, the Pacers played a young talented Orlando Magic team led by Shaquille O'Neal and Penny Hardaway in a rematch of the previous postseason. The Pacers pushed Orlando to a 7th game before losing the series.

The following season was the most challenging in franchise history but despite that the Pacers duplicated their record from the previous season, 52–30, with Davis averaging 8.8 points a game with 6.1 rebounds a game. In the playoffs, the Pacers were defeated by the sixth-seeded Atlanta Hawks in five games.

In the 1996–97 season the Pacers finished sixth in the Central Division with a record of 39–43 and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1989 despite Davis playing in 82 games, starting 28 of them and averaging 10.5 points with 7.3 rebounds a game. The next year the Pacers bounced back and won 58 games and the second seed in the Eastern Conference (with the additions of former Boston Celtics player Larry Bird as head coach and veteran all-star Chris Mullin) with Davis playing in 82 games for the third year in a row while starting 12 of them and averaging 9.6 points a game and 6.8 rebounds a game, in the postseason the Pacers defeated the Shawn Kemp-led Cleveland Cavaliers and Ewing-led New York Knicks in the first two rounds before being matched up with the Michael Jordan-led Chicago Bulls in the Eastern Conference Finals, after losing the first two games in Chicago, the Pacers responded by winning games three and four to forced a deciding game five back in Chicago, a game in which the Bulls won by a score of 106–87 to force a deciding sixth game back in Indiana, game six would be a hard-fought game in which the Pacers won by a score of 92–89 to send the series back to the United Center in Chicago for a deciding seventh game of the series, in game seven the Pacers fought and claw their way to every possession but it was not enough in the end as the eventual champion Bulls still prevailed by a score of 88–83 to win the series.

The Pacers entered the season as a heavy favorite because Michael Jordan had retired and other members of the Chicago Bulls were broken up by their management. After a four-month lockout, the Pacers won the Central Division with a record of 33 wins and 17 losses and although he was unable to break into the first team Davis still averaged 9.4 points a game, with 7.0 rebounds a game solidifying his role as rebounder shot blocker and inside scorer. In the playoffs the Pacers swept the Milwaukee Bucks in the first round, and the Philadelphia 76ers in the semifinals advancing to the Eastern Conference Finals for the second consecutive season, and for the fourth time in six seasons. Once again, the Pacers were up against the New York Knicks. Each game was nip and tuck with both teams trading wins as the Knicks won games one, three (a game best-remembered for Davis fouling Larry Johnson on a four-point play) and five while the Pacers won games two and four to set up a sixth game back at Madison Square Garden in New York. After fighting their way through most of the first three quarters the Pacers lost game six and the series to the Knicks, (marking the second year in a row and fourth overall that the Pacers lost in the Eastern Conference Finals). With a couple of Eastern Conference Finals disappointments coupled with Davis begging for more playing time, Davis announced his intentions to be traded.

1999–2000 season
On August 1, 1999, Davis was traded to the Toronto Raptors in exchange for the 5th pick of the 1999 NBA draft in high schooler Jonathan Bender. In the 1999–00 season he solidified his role as a starter and started almost all 79 games that he appeared in. He averaged 11.5 points, 8.8 rebounds with 1.3 blocks for the Raptors as they won 45 games and advanced to the playoffs for the first time in franchise history where they faced a strong, talented New York Knicks team now led by Ewing, Latrell Sprewell and Allan Houston in the first round. The Knicks swept the Raptors in three games, despite Davis averaging 13.0 points with 8.3 rebounds and 1.3 blocks a game.

2000–2001 season
In the 2000–01 season, Davis had his most productive season yet, averaging 13.7 points, with 10.1 rebounds plus 1.4 blocks a game and was elected to the NBA All-Star Team for the first and only time in his career. That season the Raptors won 47 games, good enough for second place in the Central Division and advanced to the playoffs for the second year in a row, where they faced a talented Knicks team led by Sprewell and Houston and no longer featured Ewing. The Raptors defeated the Knicks in five games including a 93–89 game five victory with 14 points, 12 rebounds, and 2 blocks from Davis. In the second round, the Raptors matched up against the top-seeded Philadelphia 76ers led by league MVP Allen Iverson and defensive lynchpin Dikembe Mutombo. Every game was neck and neck with both teams trading wins in the first six games of the series, especially a game six win by the Raptors featuring a score of 101–89 with Davis scoring 17 points, grabbing 13 rebounds and blocking 2 shots despite being bothered by a strained triceps muscle in his left arm. In-game seven (a game that would prove to be the most memorable of the series), the first three quarters were nip and tuck with both teams trading leads entering the fourth quarter, and although the Raptors lost game seven to the Sixers by a score of 88–87 and the series, Davis, for the most part, enjoyed a very good series averaging 16.9 points with 11.1 rebounds and 1.8 blocks a game.

2001–2002 season
The 2001–02 season however would be even better for Davis as he averaged his most points per game for a season yet at 14.5 points, with 9.6 rebounds and 2.0 blocks a game. Although they regressed from 47 wins from a year ago to 42, the Raptors still advanced to the playoffs for the third year in a row, where they faced their Central Division rivals (also great lakes rivals) the Detroit Pistons led by All-star Jerry Stackhouse and rebounding specialist Ben Wallace in the first round. After losing the first two games in Detroit, the Raptors responded by winning the next two games in Toronto, including a 94–84 game three victory thanks to a 30-point 8 rebound performance from Davis to send the series back to Detroit for a deciding game 5. That would prove to be the most memorable game of the series. The game was nip and tuck with both teams trading leads throughout the game and although the Raptors lost Game 5 to the Pistons by a score of 85–82 and the series, Davis enjoyed his best playoff series yet as he increased his playoff production to 17.0 points with 10.6 rebounds and 1.0 blocks a game.

2002–2003 season
The 2002–03 season would prove to be the most difficult season for the Raptors in franchise history as they struggled with injuries all season long and sputtered to a 24–58 record, missing the playoffs for the first time since 1999 despite Davis averaging 13.9 points with 8.2 rebounds a game.

2003–2004 season
In the 2003–04 season despite being bothered by trade rumors, Davis still averaged double-doubles for stretches of the season including 14 points with 12 rebounds in a home win against the New Jersey Nets, followed by 13 points with 12 rebounds in a home win against the Dallas Mavericks and finally 10 points with 11 rebounds in a road win against the Atlanta Hawks and his last game with the Raptors against the Orlando Magic, Davis scored 15 points and grabbed 8 rebounds in a road win against the Magic, thus ending an era of Toronto Raptors basketball in which had relied on him as a second-leading scorer, rebounder and defensive presence inside.

Chicago Bulls
That season, he was traded to the Chicago Bulls, where he fit in well as a veteran influence on a young team that included Tyson Chandler, Eddy Curry and Kirk Hinrich, although his overall averages decreased from previous years Davis continued to be relied on for his scoring, rebounding and shot-blocking and in the 2004–05 season, Davis averaged 7.0 points with 5.9 rebounds for the season as the Bulls won 47 games and advanced to the playoffs for the first time since 1998 where they faced the Washington Wizards led by Gilbert Arenas, Antawn Jamison, and Larry Hughes in the first round, the Bulls would lose to the Wizards in six games. Davis averaged 9.5 points a game with 6.8 rebounds in 6 playoff games. That summer Davis was elected the President of the NBA Players' Association at the union's annual convention on June 28, 2005.

New York Knicks
Just before the start of the training camp of the 2005–06 season, Davis was traded along with Curry to the New York Knicks for Michael Sweetney, Tim Thomas and Jermaine Jackson. Through 36 games with the Knicks, Davis averaged 5.0 points with 4.8 rebounds a game. Davis had a season-high of 14 rebounds along with 3 points and 1 assist in a loss against the Wizards and had 11 points and five rebounds with 2 assists and 2 steal as the Knicks defeated the Bulls by a score of 109–101, then a few weeks later he had 11 points again with 9 rebounds as the Knicks defeated the Mavericks by a score of 117–115.

Fan incident
On January 18, 2006, Davis was ejected from a Knicks-Bulls game for going into the stands and confronting a fan he alleges was intoxicated and abusive. He said he was concerned about his wife, whom he thought he had seen falling back and being touched by the fan. His wife claims that the fan was using inappropriate language around the Davis' child and that she had asked him to stop, which then prompted harassment from the fan. Though public opinion allegedly swung in Davis' favor, the NBA suspended him for five games on January 19. The fan in question, Michael Axelrod, the son of David Axelrod, the 2008 campaign manager for Barack Obama, has stated that he was attacked by Davis' wife, and his lawyer revealed plans to sue for roughly a million dollars and a public apology by the Davis family. Mr. Davis responded by stating, "I'm not apologizing to anybody for anything." On January 23, Davis and Axelrod settled their disputes outside of court, issuing the following joint statement.

"It's clear that the episode at the United Center last week, and its aftermath, evolved from some misunderstandings. This has produced regrets from all parties involved. Common sense strongly suggests that we collectively put this episode behind us and move on. That's what the Davis' and Michael Axelrod plan to do, and we hope everyone else will, as well."

Return to Raptors
On February 3, 2006, Davis was traded back to the Raptors for Jalen Rose and a first-round draft pick (from the Denver Nuggets), and an undisclosed sum of cash (believed to be around $3 million). In his first game back with the Raptors, Davis scored 7 points and grabbed 7 rebounds in an overtime loss to the San Antonio Spurs, Davis went on to start the next seven games for the Raptors before missing the next twelve with an ailing back injury. On March 23, 2006, Davis was released by the Raptors after his injury was diagnosed by the team's doctors as being season-ending.

United States national basketball team
Davis played for Team USA at the 1989 Tournament of the Americas and 2002 FIBA World Championship, winning the silver medal in the 1989 event.

Honors
In 2000, Davis won the Sears Community Service Award for his charity work.

In 2010, he was inducted into the African-American Ethnic Sports Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Davis studied computer information systems in college. With his wife, Kendra, Davis has twins, named Antonio Jr. and Kaela. In 2019, through his Attorney, Antavius Weems, Davis announced that he was divorcing his wife, Kendra, stating that they both had decided to move on. In 2012, Kaela Davis committed to play basketball at Georgia Tech, and his son, Antonio Jr. ("A. J."), committed to play at the University of Tennessee. Kaela transferred to the University of South Carolina to play for Coach Dawn Staley. She was a part of the 2017 National Championship team and was drafted 10th in the 2017 WNBA draft by the Dallas Wings forgoing her last year of college eligibility. A. J. transferred to the University of Central Florida and now plays professionally overseas.

title: Antonio Davis


text:
Talk:David Brudnoy

Untitled
I knew little of Brudnoy save from name-dropping in the media back when I lived in Massachusetts. Hearing of his recent developments, I found the article on him lacking and decided to flesh it out as best I could. I don't know anything about him beyond the details I've been able to find researching for this article. I hope I've done him justice. - [[User:KeithTyler|Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  ]] 00:05, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

Recently?

 * He is most widely known for espousing conservative — or, as recognized more recently, libertarian — views,

I seem to recall his writing for Reason magazine, widely considered libertarian, back in the '70s. Does "recently" mean the '70s? Michael Hardy 22:49, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Shrug. Was it considered "libertarian" back then? I've personally only become aware of the term Libertarian since the mid 90s. Reason is certainly referred to as "libertarian" now, but how long has it worn that term?
 * More to the point, did Brudnoy (and/or his critics) refer to him(self) as "libertarian" then, or only since recently (such as when he joined the Libertarian Party in 2000)? - [[User:KeithTyler|Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  ]] 00:28, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * PS - He's also written for the National Review -- generally considered conservative rather than libertarian. - [[User:KeithTyler|Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  ]] 04:22, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)

 * In the '70s, Reason was the Libertarian magazine, often mistakenly thought to be published by the Libertarian Party. Michael Hardy 19:41, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I guess what it comes down to is how he was perceived. Despite the use of the term "libertarian" as far back as the 70s, it doesn't mean that Brudnoy was perceived or labeled that way.
 * That's why I carefully used the wording "as recognized more recently". It wasn't to suggest Brudnoy's fundamental view had changed, but that people didn't start recognizing it as "a libertarian view" until the past ten years with the rise in visibility of (L/l)ibertarianism in the public arena.
 * Besides, this is Boston we're talking about. A "conservative" in New England has to technically be a libertarian, else they'd be summarily exiled to Nebraska.
 * -[[User:KeithTyler|Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  ]] 18:12, Dec 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Brudnoy was calling himself a libertarian on air regularly as far back as his days on WHDH. Further, his basic political philosophy could never accurately be called "conservative" in any meaningful way and I doubt he ever labeled himself that way except perhaps on a specific issue. Mwickens 16:16, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Syndication
I have two sources that state that Brudnoy's show was syndicated: http://www.weeklydig.com/dig/content/7948.aspx http://www.whfreeman.com/generalreaders/Barash_Lipton.asp

 * One of those links is no longer valid, and the other says nothing about syndication, but simply puts his show under "National"—which makes sense: while his show was never at any time syndicated, it was a program of truly national stature in a way that few single-station talk shows ever could be, by serving and cultivating the listenership far beyond the local Boston market, particularly after sunset. He didn't need to be syndicated, since he was on a station whose night signal is protected from interference for 750 miles.  You could argue that reaching from Ohio to North Carolina isn't truly "national", but it's clearly more than "regional".  (WBZ is to be applauded for this; unlike many former-class-I-A stations which broadcast nationally-syndicated pap in the evenings and overnights, WBZ has always, but for a brief intermission in Brudnoy's career, broadcast live, topical programming of a national interest during this time.)  18.26.0.18 05:31, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

And I do know that other stations outside MA at least rebroadcasted his final interview. -Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  17:56, Jan 1, 2005 (UTC)

Medical literature
David Brudnoy medical history was presented in the June 19, 2008 edition of the New England Journal of Medicine as Case 19-2008: A 63 Year-Old HIV-Positive Man with Cutaneous Merkel -Cell Carcinoma. He was not identified by name, but the details of the article leave no doubt about his identity. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hphlphphlp (talk • contribs) 18:50, 20 June 2008 (UTC)

Relies heavily on autobiography
Brudnoy's autobiography is the basis for many facts in the article. I believe this fails WP:PRIMARY. Should be revised. Nweil (talk) 02:31, 19 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Brudnoy


text:
Category:4-4-0 locomotives

Locomotives classified 4-4-0 under the Whyte notation of locomotive axle arrangements.
 * The equivalent UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements is 2B or 2'B.

title: Category:4-4-0 locomotives


text:
Speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo

The Speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo (Kryetari i Kuvendit të Kosovës, literally translated as President of the Assembly of Kosovo, or Kryeparlamentari, literally translated as Speaker of the Parliament, Serbian: Председник Скупштине Косова/ Predsednik Skupštine Kosova, literally translated as President of the Assembly of Kosovo) is the chair of Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo, who is elected by the parliament during the opening session. The position also ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The current speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo is Glauk Konjufca.

title: Speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo


text:
Talk:A Confederacy of Dunces

Tragicomedy?
Why is this book tragic (i.e. tragicomedy)? I think this book is the classic comedy, with everything working out for the good guys, and Ignatius escaping before Charity comes to get him. Mauvila 11:00, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Parallel universe?
Um, "parallel universe?" - Cobra libre 00:08, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Perhaps I should elaborate. Mentioning that A Confederacy of Dunces may take place in a parallel universe doesn't seem appropriate for the topic, and it doesn't seem appropriate in an encyclopedia article generally.  Dunces, while perhaps not what one would label a realist novel, isn't science fiction or fantastic fiction, either.  Mentioning parallel universes, then, seems a bit outlandish. So to speak.

 * I would suggest replacing:
 * Various small details in the novel show that A Confederacy of Dunces is set in a New Orleans that is different from the actual one, suggesting to some a setting in a parallel universe.
 * With something like:
 * Readers familiar with the New Orleans setting of A Confederacy of Dunces may notice that the city described in the novel differs in some ways from the actual one. This may be due to carelessness on O'Toole's part, or may be the result of deliberate artistic intention.
 * - Cobra libre 23:34, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * Hm. The world of CoD is clearly deliberately different from the actual New Orleans of the 1960s. To use an example mentioned, New Orleanians are well familiar with the fact that just down river is St. Bernard Parish. That in CoD it is "St. Odo of Cluny Parish" IMO can't be attributed to carelessness nor is there any plot reason for it. It is subtle, yes, but the message to readers familiar with New Orleans is clearly that Ignatius lives in a New Orleans that is very much like the real one yet unmistably not the same. Perhaps it is part of Toole's sence of humor, giving a wink to local readers. If you don't like the phrase "parallel universe" I'm quite willing to consider other ways of wording it, but this is a real point. Anyway, the article can use lots more expansion (that's one of too many things on my list to get around to). Cheers, -- Infrogmation 01:16, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't doubt that O'Toole deliberately introduced changes to his New Orleans, but I wanted to remain neutral on the matter, which is why I worded my suggested text as I did. Regardless, while it's interesting that the book's New Orleans differs from the real-world New Orleans, without some indication that these differences are significant to understanding the book, those differences don't strike me as too unusual.  (It may be notable trivia that's worth including in the article, of course, because it's of interest to New Orleanians and enthusiasts for the book.)
 * In fiction and other narrative arts, it's quite common to introduce changes to real-world settings (think of all the relabeled commercial products that you've seen in movies and television) — indeed, one could claim that the mere fact that fictional characters and fictional occurrences are introduced to real-life settings is a demonstration of this. This is typical and possibly even conventional of storytelling, and there seems to me to be no need to introduce a notion of "parallel universes" to explain this.  For example, we don't say that Chekhov's stories took place in a parallel Russia simply because that lady with a dog that he was writing about never existed.  So, if all fiction takes liberties with reality, then to claim that Dunces occurs in a parallel universe is to say that all fiction occurs in parallel universes, and if that's the case, then it's not even worth mentioning, because what you mean by fictional parallel universes is taken to be understood by all readers of fiction.  In other words, when I open the book of Chekhov and read about the lady with a dog, I already know that it doesn't take place in what I would call the "real" Russia.
 * Another issue to consider is that when many readers see this article and read the passage that mentions "parallel universes," they are going to stop taking it seriously, because the idea of parallel universes is popularly considered a fantastic notion that is incongruous with the subject material of the book.  Again, this could be avoided, since it isn't necessary to claim that the book takes place in a parallel universe simply because its New Orleans differs slightly from the actual New Orleans; you can simply say that it differs, list the differences, and leave it at that.  Best regards, -- Cobra libre 18:01, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * OK. Really my biggest objection to your suggested rewrite was the suggestion that the differences were due to carelessness by the author. I'm fine with your first sentence "Readers familiar with the New Orleans setting of A Confederacy of Dunces may notice that the city described in the novel differs in some ways from the actual one." How about leaving at that, or other suggestions? Cheers, -- Infrogmation 18:37, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Okay, I see. Yes, that sounds good to me. I like the restructuring of the article that you've begun. Best, -- Cobra libre 04:12, Dec 12, 2004 (UTC)

Classic comedy
I agree with Mauvila that this book is certainly very close to the Aristotelian definition of comedy. That is people who are beneath the audience are placed in a weird situation that is eventually brought back to something resembling normality. As for the alternate reality theories, the true beauty of this book comes from the self delusional reality that Ignatious lives in. Though he is often used as a narrator(through his writings), he proves himself to be a very unreliable one. Even the third person narration sometimes uses Ignatius-like phrasing. Perhaps, this accounts for the lack of realistic description of the locales. I feel it was certainly intended and that it would also only be picked up on by locals or someone very familiar with New Orleans. I believe it adds to the surrealism that exists throughout all facets of the book and perhaps even helps with suspension of disbelief. It would certainly be hard to swallow that all these dysfuntional characters could exist in one molten pot of hilarity outside of fiction. Therefore, avoiding real places through key points in the book prevent the reader from grounding themselves back in reality. -User:Wrwelch15
 * My edition of the book makes that exact point about Confederacy being a comedy in the classical sence in its introduction (written by Walter Percy himself). -℘yrop (talk) 04:46, Dec 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * Would everybody agree that we should change "tragicomedy" to comedy? Mauvila 08:25, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * "Tragicomedy" was put in by an early editor of the article. I've always been ambivilent about that myself. Changing it is fine by me. Cheers, -- Infrogmation 20:01, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

1962
Near the end of the book, Ignatius begins mentioning how "his favorite actress" has a movie coming out shortly and that he is desperate to see it in the theater on opening day. While he never says the name of the actress or the name of the movie, the book does mention some plot points as he watches it. He says the movie is about a woman and her libertine boss who wishes to seduce her. She agrees to go with him on a trip to Bermuda but then breaks out in a rash upon arriving. The movie he is describing is "That Touch Of Mink" starring Doris Day and Cary Grant. According to IMDB, the movie was released June 14, 1962. Thus, we can safely assume that Confederacy Of Dunces takes place from late spring to early summer of 1962.

Names of characters inspired by a James Joyce's short story : A little cloud ?
Hello, while rereading one of James Joyce's short stories called "A Little Cloud" in the short story collection Dubliners (published in 1914), I wondered if this short story would have inspired John Kennedy Toole in the choice of his characters' names. In this short story, Joyce introduces a character named Little Chandler who meets up with a friend he hasn't seen for a long time: Ignatius Gallager. The two men come to discuss a mutual acquaintance named "O'Hara" who seems to have problems with alcoholism. Ignatius' first name is common to the main character name in Toole's novel (Ignatius J. Reilly) and O'Hara's is identical to the stage name Darlene chooses for her show at the "Night of Joy": Harlett O'Hara.

This similarity could be coincidental, but it is written in Joyce's short story that Ignatius "emerges from a thick cloud of smoke" just as J.K. Toole frequently describes the character of Burma Jones.

It is mentioned in the "Article policies" section of this page that "Original researches" are not accepted. Is it still possible to mention the possibility of a reference to Joyce, in the conditional, on this page? In the "Major characters" section for example? Noé Faure (talk) 15:15, 29 March 2023 (UTC)

 * It's an interesting hypothesis, but as you correctly point out, it is original research, and can't be added to the article unless you can find some mention in a reliable source, preferably a scholarly source. Station1 (talk) 18:01, 29 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:A Confederacy of Dunces


text:
Talk:Compiere

Other Projects Based on Compiere
Apart from Adempiere what other projects are based on Compiere? Gioto (talk) 06:49, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Posterita is retail Web pos and it is using Adempiere/compiere architecture to provide retail front end. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Alexandre Tsang (talk • contribs) 10:52, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

PostgreSQL doesn't support stored procedures
Anyone who thinks that PostgreSQL doesn't support stored procedures should go read the documentation. Not only does it support them, it supports them in multiple programming languages and as triggers or constraints for most SQL operations.

Removed new material
Several paragraphs of new material were recently added by user Red1 D Oon. The material can be seen in this diff. I hate to do it because there's good information in there, but I reverted this material for the following reasons:
 * It's unsourced.
 * It makes some statements that could be seen as in rather blatant violation of WP:NPOV -- "The only possible competition it seems, is from itself", etc. Those statements could be made acceptable if they were credited to particular sources, and if a reasonable attempt was made to find criticisms to present a balanced viewpoint to the reader. But in its current unsourced form, it comes across as a statement of opinion of Wikipedia itself, and that's not acceptable.
 * It includes a very prominent plug for an external site, red1.org. It seems very likely that Red1 D Oon is the owner of this site. That immediately raises red flags under numerous policies -- No original research and Vanity guidelines: Citing oneself most of all. Kickaha Ota 05:06, 9 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Reading back what i wrote for Compiere, yes i admit i did cite sources under my care at the bottom, and if that is against policy then i don't mind it be reverted. But i wonder if the rest which are not to my vanity nor interest can be published as there wont be any challenge as to non-source. I am merely stating careful facts and hopefully other source reference can counter, but i do not see how, because we ourselves are pioneer independent users of Compiere and vantagely knows for sure the contextutal history. Of course again we cannot site own opinions which are published in many prominent locations in the forums, and have received acceptance by the community. But been made a user-community leader puts my activism in a catch-22 spot. The only solution is for others to review those points and publish back of what the leader of the community here insist as history i.e. "Compiere is a first mover in its class..", FWIW - Red1 D Oon 00:47, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Spinoff link violation?
As the contributor who added the ==Adempiere spin-off== section, which includes a link to the red1.org forums, I'm now concerned that the link is in direct violation of WP:EL item 10. Does anyone more wikiniscient than I have a suggestion on how to correct this situation without creating the need for a tag? --Donperk 19:58, 16 April 2007 (UTC)
 * In this case, I'd say the link is okay, since this is the "original" source to verify the given claim. The rule says Links normally to be avoided and here is in my opinion an exception. --S.K. 15:33, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Compiere, Inc. acquired by Consona
Posted today: http://www.consona.com/News/compiere-acquisition.aspx —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.115.3.162 (talk) 15:18, 16 June 2010 (UTC)

Proposed for deletion
I removed nominated for deletion template. The article may have problems, but it still provides useful information. Its not an imaginary product! --Alan (talk) 16:35, 18 October 2012 (UTC)
 * So it exists, and is useful. This does not imply meeting the inclusion criteria. The article is still eligible for an WP:AFD nomination. Keφr (talk) 16:09, 19 October 2012 (UTC)

unsupported assertion
"Compiere encompasses ERP functionality, but in order to avoid the duplication of information and the need for synchronization, it's organized in a different way."

I'm not aware of these issues, so it appears to be salving a non-existent problem. SAP certainly doesn't have them. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.64.129.73 (talk) 12:49, 17 November 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Compiere


text:
Newlib

Newlib is a C standard library implementation intended for use on embedded systems. It is a conglomeration of several library parts, all under free software licenses that make them easily usable on embedded products.

It was created by Cygnus Support as part of building the first GNU cross-development toolchains. It is now maintained by Red Hat developers Jeff Johnston and Corinna Vinschen, and is used in most commercial and non-commercial GCC ports for non-Linux embedded systems.

System Calls
The section System Calls of the Newlib documentation describes how it can be used with many operating systems. Its primary use is on embedded systems that lack any kind of operating system; in that case it calls a board support package that can do things like write a byte of output on a serial port, or read a sector from a disk or other memory device.

Inclusion
Newlib is included in commercial GCC distributions by Atollic, CodeSourcery, Code Red, KPIT, Red Hat and others, and receives support from major embedded-processor architecture vendors such as ARM and Renesas. It is used as the standard C library in Cygwin, as well as being one standard C library among several for AmigaOS 4.

, KallistiOS, an independent SDK targeting the Sega Dreamcast, has used Newlib as its standard C library, shipping it with many commercial titles on the platform.

, devkitARM and devkitPPC, toolchains targeted at homebrew development for commercial game systems, include Newlib as their C library. The Open-R SDK for Sony AIBO is also based on Newlib on top of the non-Unix Aperios.

, Google Native Client SDK (NaCl) includes Newlib as the default C library over glibc.

In 2019, Keith Packard released Picolibc, a library offering standard C library APIs that targets small embedded systems with limited RAM, based on blending code from Newlib and AVR Libc.

title: Newlib


text:
File:Title jesus.jpg

combo of Image:Christ pantocrator daphne1090-1100.jpg and type in Gill Sans MT

title: File:Title jesus.jpg


text: Category:Knights

title: Category:Knights


text:
Talk:December 2001 riots in Argentina

Acephaly Act?
I haven't been able to find any information related to the "Acephaly Act" that was noted in this article under the sub-section "The Rodríguez Saá Administration." Could the poster please cite where he/she obtained this information or link the actual text of the Act. Thank you so much! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 70.110.18.43 (talk) 17:06, 14 December 2006 (UTC).

I've come to realize that "Acephaly" is not actually the name of the act as implied by the capitalization of the term. Does anyone know the real name of the law? Does it even exist? If so, it really needs to be linked or cited...please.

2800:810:40E:4BC:294A:68C7:FAEF:5E1E (talk) 14:11, 23 December 2021 (UTC)In response to that, you can find it in Spanish as "Ley de Acefalía Presidencial" under the number 20972. It was sanctioned in the year 1975 but, I would assume as a consequence of the events of December 2001, was modified in early 2002 by Law no. 25716

This article needs better localisation.

Its not clear what country these riots took place, or in what year. Also the ousted presidents full name, and if possible a link to a page on him. (I presume the year is 2001, but that is guesswork only) It still needs further editing, the English is still rather twisted.

I guess that Fernando de la Rúa is the ousted president and the country concerned is Argentina and the finance minister is Domingo Cavallo

The original author is obviously personally familiar with the events. The rest of us need a bit more help to understand the events, and put them into context. I'd suggest replacing

"be the freezing of bank deposits by the economy minister Domingo"

with   "be the freezing of bank deposit accounts by the economy minister Domingo"

"stop deposit leaking from the banks."

with   "stem the currency drain on the banks."

"The leaking of deposits took place all through 2001"

with    "The currency drain took place all through 2001"

"in the bank titled in U.S. dollars." is my best translation of the original phrase.

I think this is intended to indicate that the sums on account were denominated in U.S. dollars, ie the sums on account were presented as values in U.S. dollers, and convertable to local currency on withdrawl at the then ruling exchange rate? If this is the correct interpretation, then the text could use some additional explanation to this effect. Or were accounts payable in real folding US dollers? or something else?

Can somebody with more familiarity with recent South American history confirm the correctness of my inferences from this article, and I'll tidy it up further.

Shoka

spot on!
It is Argentina, here are some external articles by Alan Woods on the events of December 2001:
 * One year after the 'Argentinazo'
 * Argentina - The Revolution has Begun

I have re-written the article in a more chronological order and have improved the general quality. It still needs someone with specialist knowledge of the subject to give it a complete overhaul, especially on the subject of the freezing of deposits as I don't know if what I have written is correct as it was hard to work out from the original article. It could also do with being renamed. --Ebz 14:31, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Some order
It'd be extremely helpful if everybody signed their posts using four tildes ~.

Anonymous User:201.235.2.228 has been adding important content and doing some refactoring — I suggest that you register with a username, so that you have a Talk page for discussion and important messages, and since it's customary for users who make such extensive edits.

It's usually recommended that you don't do partial edits, leaving sections "to be completed". Better write a very short summary as free text (not a bullet lists of items). You can also write offline comfortably in a text editor, and then paste the whole thing into the article so as to have a complete structure all at once. After that, if the article seems long and complex (which it should), we can file a request for comment, so users outside the main developers can come here and check if they understand everything.

Shoka wrote:
 * I think this is intended to indicate that the sums on account were denominated in U.S. dollars, ie the sums on account were presented as values in U.S. dollers, and convertable to local currency on withdrawl at the then ruling exchange rate? If this is the correct interpretation, then the text could use some additional explanation to this effect. Or were accounts payable in real folding US dollers? or something else?

There were peso-denominated accounts and dollar-denominated accounts. If you had pesos, however, you could ask for them to be converted to dollars at the 1:1 rate (plus a small bank fee, as usual). The only advantage of an account in pesos was a higher interest rate. In theory, you could pay anything in dollars instead of pesos, though actual dollar bills were not in wide circulation. The problem began when people took their dollars away from the banks and "sequestered" them in safes or sent them abroad (the Central Bank had no means to get more dollars and thus the theoretical convertibility was in jeopardy, and the country was already indebted in dollars and could not bring more in).

We should be careful not to repeat everything already explained in Argentine economic crisis.

--Pablo D. Flores 22:11, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

It's done
I have finished filling out the subsections; something came up while I was writing them yesterday and I had no time to complete them.

Thanks for the advice on editing.

--Sjms, formerly known as 201.235.2.228

Claims
The changed that Tobias made to this (in bold)...

 * the 1-to-1 rate, while instrumental to overcome the chronic hyperinflation bursts of the late 1980s it is claimed by some people to have made Argentine exports uncompetitive.

... poses a small problem. I admit I wrote that line myself and then didn't revise it as much as I should. The fact is, exports grew at first, then should have grown more given that international prices of commodities were high, then stalled, and then sank when Brazil devalued the real; convertibility played a part. Some analysists say one thing, other say another; in general, orthodox neoliberal economists defend convertibility and heterodox progressive economists portray it as the root of all evil. The real problem is verifiability.

"Claimed by some people" is a "weasel phrase". Passive voice and indefinite qualifiers are not a good idea; we need sources. I'm going to look for them (INDEC is a good place if you like dig those things up). I think Argentine economic crisis would need that too. --Pablo D. Flores 18:52, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I think its obvious that the over-valuation of the Peso hurt the Argentine exportations. I don't see any POV there. I would remove the over-NPOVing phrase of Tobias. -Mariano 07:11, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Some analysts (I don't have the source here, but I read the thing yesterday somewhere) think the peso was not overvalued, and that the problem was the lack of a responsible economic plan. I went to the INDEC and found that exports more than doubled (121% increase) between 1991 (the beginning of convertibility) and 1997 (just before the recession hit). Fuel and energy exports increased 329%; industrial manufactures 179%. Agricultural and primary products performed worse, but still increased over 70%. Why? Certainly not because of convertibility, but the cheap dollar and stable economy allowed industries to get money at low interest, invest, and get many of their supplies and machines from abroad. The problem was the trade balance, because imports increased a lot more (267%) and except in 1995-1996 the trade balance account was in the red. Those were dollars going away forever.

 * I would rather not say that exports were harmed by the low exchange rate. The connection is not as direct. Of course, with a higher exchange rate exports would have been much more profitable in local terms, so exports increased less than most think they would've with a higher exchange rate. But that's too hypothetical. Also, selling more and getting more profit, but in devalued pesos, wouldn't have been as good. The exports that did best, remember, were those of fuel and energy... from companies bought up by foreign investors, or by Argentine corporations which kept their funds dollarized and abroad. That was the problem of convertibility in a historically unstable country like Argentina: it was practically built to encourage capital flight. Get your pesos here, turn them quickly into dollars, and store them elsewhere.

 * Just my two (devalued) centavos. --Pablo D. Flores 10:52, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Revert again?
Tobias, did you even read what I wrote just above? Saying that something "is claimed by some people" is no good. Better not having it at all than having it like that, because all sorts of disputable things are "claimed by some people".

Exports were comparatively high-priced; that may have been uncompetitive (I'll try to look up sources for that). But imports were definitely encouraged by the low exchange rate.

The best years of convertibility, export-wise, were 1998 and 2001 (about $26.5 billion each). In 2002, after the convertibility collapsed, exports decreased a bit, and then in 2003 they increased 15%, well over the previous records — this while the country was cut off from all external funding or investment, and with a terrible unemployment rate. This year the estimate is, I think, over $34 billion, while the GDP is only now reaching pre-crisis levels, foreign investment is still low and unemployment over 12%. It's quite obvious that the high exchange rate alone is responsible for much of this surge.

My personal POV, which I don't want to incorporate into the page, is that convertibility encouraged conspicuous, irresponsible, First-Worldly consumption in a country that did not want to be reminded of its place well inside the Third World. We in Argentina have paid dearly for this, and although I don't intend to get my personal opinion stated as fact, neither do I want to treat the matter lightly. --Pablo D. Flores 15:28, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

On second thought, I've placed a note about this at Argentine economic crisis, which seems like a more appropriate place to discuss this matter. Maybe the above discussion should be moved/copied there. Again, in that article the claim that exports were made uncompetitive by the exchange rate was written by me in the first place. Mea culpa, mea culpa, mea maxima culpa. --Pablo D. Flores 15:43, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Well, I made a change again. See here and here; the latter is a PDF file, where I found this summary (I translate):

 * "During the 1990s Argentina made deep structural changes... As a result more than 90 billion dollars of direct foreign investment contributed with the generation of annual growth rates around 4%. Since 1998 Argentine economy suffered... the fall of commodity prices after the Asian crisis, devaluation of the euro and the real, and higher interest rates over the sovereign debt. ... it is very easy easy to manage a convertibility-like currency board with an influx of foreign capitals, but very difficult to do the same [when capital flow] leaves [the country]."

--Pablo D. Flores

article conclusion ?
Perhaps a small resume (or link to another article) of what happened next, would be a better end for this article. Jor70 13:25, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Excelente articulo
Lo lei de principio a fin, uno de os articulos mejor redactados del tema. Esto realmente me trae recuerdos de lo que fueron esos años. --Fixman 21:36, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

Requested move
Suggest this article's current name ("December 2001 Argentina riots") amended to "December 2001 riots in Argentina" as this avoids using "Argentina" as an adjectival (i.e. it's less awkward-sounding English). Sardanaphalus (talk) 22:21, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

Gotan Project
Gotan Project did a song and video clip about this: http://youtube.com/watch?v=0uvagiSClgY —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.147.58.212 (talk) 10:31, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

Withdrawing money from banks
"This entire crisis came to a head on November 29, 2001, when Argentines took to banks and financial institutions to withdraw millions of pesos and dollars from their accounts. Had the withdrawal continued, Argentina's entire banking system would have collapsed." - why did they do this? Some more explanation might be in order. They all went to withdraw their money, but why? And how come the withdrawing stopped? I heard something about the banks refusing to give people their money. Did the banks decide this or did the government? 85.147.58.212 (talk) 10:37, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

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Argentinazo
Argentinazo is a redirect to this article, but is not mentioned in the article, leaving the reader none the wiser to its meaning. I would take the redirect to RfD, but the term obviously is sometimes used in English-language sources to refer to the 2001 riots, so it would be better to work it into the article somewhere. Should it be mentioned in bold in the lede? If not, where does it belong? – Arms & Hearts (talk) 21:37, 6 May 2018 (UTC)
 * I've gone ahead and added mention of it to the lead together with citation. Rosguill (talk) 05:07, 7 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:December 2001 riots in Argentina


text:
Arrow Cross Party

The Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztes Párt – Hungarista Mozgalom, lit. 'Arrow Cross Party – Hungarist Movement', abbreviated NYKP) was a far-right Hungarian ultranationalist party led by Ferenc Szálasi, which formed a government in Hungary they named the Government of National Unity. They were in power from 15 October 1944 to 28 March 1945. During its short rule, ten to fifteen thousand civilians were murdered outright, including many Jews and Romani, and 80,000 people were deported from Hungary to concentration camps in Austria. After the war, Szálasi and other Arrow Cross leaders were tried as war criminals by Hungarian courts.

Formation
The party was founded by Ferenc Szálasi in 1935 as the Party of National Will. It had its origins in the political philosophy of pro-German extremists such as Gyula Gömbös, who coined the term "national socialism" in the 1920s. The party was outlawed in 1937 but was reconstituted in 1939 as the Arrow Cross Party, and was modelled fairly explicitly on the Nazi Party of Germany, although Szálasi often harshly criticised the Nazi regime of Germany.

Emblem and symbolism
The party's iconography was clearly inspired by that of the Nazis.

The Nyilaskereszt ("arrow cross") emblem was considered to be a symbol of the Magyar tribes who, from the late 9th century, conquered and settled in what became Hungary. In emulating the central role of the swastika in Nazi ideology, the arrow cross also alluded to the purported racial purity of the Magyars, in the same way that the swastika was intended to allude to the purported racial purity of the Germans.

The arrow cross symbol had other ideological implications, including a desire to nullify the Treaty of Trianon, and expand the Hungarian state in all cardinal directions, out to the borders of the former Kingdom of Hungary.

Ideology
The party's ideology was similar to those of Nazism and Fascism and it combined aspects of those ideologies with Hungarian Turanism, forming an ideology which Ferenc Szálasi called "Hungarism". It combined nationalism, the promotion of agriculture, anti-capitalism, anti-communism and a special type of anti-Semitism, called a-Semitism. In a series of four books on Hungarism, Szálasi distinguished a-Semitism, which called for a society which should be completely absent of Jews, from anti-Semitism, which, he argued, would nominally allow Jews to exist in a particular society with limited rights. He argued that a-Semitism was not opposed to the existence of Jews per se, instead, it regarded their existence as being incompatible with European society. Szálasi extended this argument to Arabs, and he also extended it to the whole "semitic race". The party and its leader originally opposed German geopolitical ambitions, so Hitler was slow to accept Szálasi's connationalism, the support of nationalist movements within their historical territories and spheres of influence on the grounds of historical evidence of cultural dominance. This concept was poorly understood by the Germans because it combined nationalism and internationalism, the co-operation of nationalist movements. Consequently, the party judged Jews in racial as well as religious terms. It believed that Jews were incapable of being integrated into any society which was outside the place and culture of their historical origins. Although the Arrow Cross Party was certainly far more racist than the Horthy regime was, it differed from the German Nazi Party. It was also more economically radical than other fascist movements were, and advocated some workers' rights and land reforms.

Rise to power
The roots of Arrow Cross influence can be traced to the antisemitism that followed the Communist putsch, the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and Red Terror during the spring and summer of 1919. Most Communist leaders were from Jewish families such as Tibor Szamuely. Béla Kun, the Republic's leader and instigator of the Terror, had a secular Jewish father and a mother who, despite converting to the Reformed Church of Hungary, was still seen as being a Jew. Many antisemitic writers before the Second World War, such as Leon de Poncins used this fact to propagate the Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory.

The Hungarian Soviet Republic's policies were credited by some anti-communists as being part of a "Judeo-Bolshevist conspiracy."

After the Soviet Republic was overthrown in August 1919, conservative authoritarians under the leadership of Admiral Miklós Horthy seized control. Many Hungarian military officers took part in the counter-reprisals known as the White Terror – parts of which were directed at Jews. Although the White Guard was officially suppressed, many of its most prevalent members went underground and formed the core membership of a spreading nationalist antisemitic movement.

During the 1930s, the Arrow Cross began to dominate Budapest's working class neighborhoods, defeating the Social Democrats. The Social Democrats did not contest elections effectively and they were forced into a pact with the conservative Horthy regime in order to prevent their abolition. The Arrow Cross recruited from the poorest members of society, including the chronically unemployed, alcoholics, ex-convicts, prisoners, rapists, and the uneducated. These members later committed some of the most brutal crimes against Jews, intellectuals, socialists, and other civilians. The Arrow Cross subscribed to the Nazi ideology of "master races", which, in Szálasi's view, included the Hungarians and Germans, and also supported the concept of an order based on the power of the strongest – what Szálasi called a "brutally realistic étatism". But its espousal of territorial claims under the banner of a "Greater Hungary" and Hungarian values ("Hungarizmus" or "Hungarianism") clashed with Nazi ambitions, delaying Hitler's endorsement of that party by several years.

The German Foreign Office instead endorsed the pro-German Hungarian National Socialist Party, which had some supporters among ethnic Germans. Before World War II, the Arrow Cross were not proponents of the racial antisemitism of the Nazis, but utilised traditional stereotypes and prejudices to gain votes among voters both in Budapest and the countryside. Nonetheless, the constant bickering among these diverse fascist groups prevented the Arrow Cross Party from gaining more support and power.

The Arrow Cross obtained most of its support from a disparate coalition of military officers, soldiers, nationalists and agricultural workers. It was only one of several similar fascist factions in Hungary but was by far the most prominent, through effective recruiting. In the only election it participated in, in May 1939, the party won 15% of the vote and 29 seats in the Hungarian Parliament but this was only superficially impressive as most Hungarians were not permitted to vote. It did become one of the most powerful parties in Hungary but the Horthy leadership banned the Arrow Cross on the outbreak of World War II, forcing it to operate clandestinely.

In 1944, the Arrow Cross Party's fortunes abruptly reversed when Hitler lost patience with Horthy's and his moderate prime minister's, Miklós Kállay's, reluctance to fully toe the Nazi line. In March 1944, the Germans invaded and occupied Hungary, which resulted in Kállay fleeing, and a Nazi proxy, Döme Sztójay, replacing him who quickly legalised the Arrow Cross.

During the spring and summer of 1944, more than 400,000 Jews were driven into centralised ghettos and then deported from the Hungarian countryside to death camps by the Nazis, with the enthusiastic assistance of the Hungarian Interior Ministry and its gendarmerie (the csendőrség), both of which had members closely linked to the Arrow Cross. Budapest Jews were forced into Yellow Star Houses, approximately 2,000 single-building mini-ghettos identified by a yellow Star of David at the entrance. In August 1944, before deportations from Budapest began, Horthy used what remaining influence he had to stop them, and force the radical antisemites out of his government.

As the summer progressed, and with the Allied and Soviet armies closing in on central Europe, the ability of the Nazis to devote resources to Hungary's "Jewish Solution" waned, but they still carried out many massacres. Jews were often rounded up on the streets by Arrow Cross men, and their standard procedure was to take children away from their parents, then killing or beating any parent or child who protested. The Arrow Cross repeatedly organized mass murders next to the Danube, shooting people in the head, with the bodies falling into the river. To save bullets, their favorite method was to tie the waists of three people together with wire and shoot only the middle person, who would fall forward into the river drowning the other two as the weight of the copse dragged them to the bottom of the Danube. It has been estimated that during the autumn of 1944 there were no more than 4,000 members of the Arrow Cross in Budapest, yet despite this they were able to terrorize the city's population of a million. Their methods eventually became too sickening even for the German military whose commander General Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch ordered his troops not to take part in the killings. On the other hand, the German envoy to Hungary Edmund Veesenmayer received orders from Berlin to provide as much assistance as he could to the Arrow Cross in killing of Jews. Eventually Szálasi became concerned about the impression that neutral diplomats were forming of his government and ordered that the killings be undertaken with more discretion. The country's national police commissioner Pál Hódosy concurred, "The problem is not that the Jews are being murdered... the trouble is the method. The bodies must be made to disappear, not put out on the streets." This view was shared by parliamentarian Károlyl Maróthy who said "We must not allow individual cases to create comparison for them... something must be done to stop the death rattle going on in the ditches day and night... the population must not be able to see them dying"

Arrow Cross rule

In October 1944, Horthy negotiated a cease-fire with the Soviets and ordered Hungarian troops to lay down their arms. In response, Nazi Germany launched the covert Operation Panzerfaust which took Horthy into "protective custody" in Germany and forced him to abdicate. Szálasi was made "Leader of the Nation" and prime minister of an Arrow Cross-dominated "Government of National Unity" the same day.

By this time, Soviet and Romanian forces had pushed deep into Hungarian territory. As a result, the Szálasi government's authority was limited to an ever-narrowing band of territory around Budapest. In this context, Arrow Cross rule was short and brutal. In under three months, their death squads killed as many as 38,000 Hungarian Jews. Arrow Cross officers helped Adolf Eichmann re-start deportations from which the Jews of Budapest had thus far been spared, sending some 80,000 Jews out of the city on slave labour details and many more straight to death camps. Virtually all Jewish males of conscription age were already serving as slave labour for the Hungarian Army's Forced Labor Battalions. Most died, including many who were murdered as they were returning home after the end of the fighting.

Red Army troops reached the outskirts of Budapest in December 1944, and the siege of the city began. Arrow Cross members and the Germans may have conspired to destroy the Budapest ghetto but any evidence remains disputed. Days before fleeing, Arrow Cross Interior Minister Gábor Vajna ordered that streets and squares named for Jews be renamed.

As control of the city's institutions weakened, the Arrow Cross trained their guns on the most helpless possible targets including patients in the city's two Jewish hospitals on Maros Street and Bethlen Square, remaining women and children, and residents in the Jewish poorhouse on Alma Road. As order collapsed, Arrow Cross members continued their attacks on Jews so that the majority of Budapest's Jews were only saved by the heroic efforts of a handful of Jewish leaders and foreign diplomats, most famously Sweden's special envoy Raoul Wallenberg, the Papal Nuncio Monsignor Angelo Rotta, Swiss Consul Carl Lutz, Spanish Consul Ángel Sanz Briz and the Italian cattle trader Giorgio Perlasca.

The Arrow Cross government effectively fell at the end of January 1945, when the Soviet Army took Pest and the Axis forces retreated across the Danube to Buda. Szálasi had escaped from Budapest on December 11, 1944, taking with him the Hungarian royal crown, while Arrow Cross members and German forces continued to fight a rear-guard action in the far west of Hungary until the end of the war in April 1945.

Post-war developments

After the war, many Arrow Cross leaders were captured and tried for war crimes and no fewer than 6,200 indictments for murder were served against Arrow Cross men in just a few months. Some Arrow Cross officials were executed, including Szálasi.

A memorial which was created by, Hungarian sculptor, and Can Togay in 2005 on the bank of the Danube River in Budapest honors the Jews who were shot there by Arrow Cross militiamen, between 1944 and 1945. The victims were forced to remove their shoes, all of which were confiscated later, and then shot so that their bodies would fall into the river.

In 2006, a former high-ranking member, Lajos Polgár, was found in Melbourne, Australia. He died of natural causes in July of that year after the war crimes case against him was dropped.

To some extent, the ideology of the Arrow Cross has resurfaced in recent years, with the neofascist Hungarian Welfare Association being prominent in reviving Szálasi's "Hungarizmus" through its monthly magazine, Magyartudat ("Hungarian Awareness") but "Hungarism" remains a fringe element in modern Hungarian politics, and the Hungarian Welfare Association has dissolved.

title: Arrow Cross Party


text:
1894 in rail transport

January events

 * January 1 – Bangor and Aroostook Railroad begins rail service connecting Aroostook County, Maine to the United States rail network.

April events

 * April 29 – The Lake Street Elevated Railroad in Chicago is extended west from California & Lake to Laramie (52nd) Avenue.

May events

 * May 11 – 3,000 employees of the Pullman Palace Car Company go on strike to protest lowered wages without an equivalent reduction in expenses charged in the company town, Pullman, Illinois (a suburb of Chicago).

July events

 * July 7 – The Wichita Falls Railway, a predecessor of the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad, is incorporated in Texas.
 * July 15 – Central Pacific Railroad scraps El Gobernador, at the time the largest locomotive in the world.

August events

 * August 4 – The Denver, Leadville and Gunnison Railway in Colorado, which purchased the Denver, South Park and Pacific Railroad five years earlier, enters receivership.
 * August 7 – The West Highland Railway, operated by the North British Railway, is publicly opened to Fort William, Scotland.
 * August 27 – Pontiac Pacific Junction Railway opens the segment between Fort-Coulonge and Waltham, Quebec, a line segment that was completed in February 1888.

October events

 * October – Mur Valley Railway opens in Austria with the first class U 0-6-2T.

November events

 * November – Eben B. Thomas succeeds John King as president of the Erie Railroad.
 * November 7 – The Southern Pacific Railroad inaugurates the Sunset Express passenger train between New Orleans and San Francisco.

December events

 * December 22 – The Chelford rail accident in England kills 14.

Unknown date events

 * The Southern Railway is formed from the combination of the Richmond and Danville Railroad system and the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad.
 * Stearns Manufacturing Company of Erie, Pennsylvania, starts manufacturing Heisler locomotives.
 * Oliver Robert Hawke Bury moves from the Chief mechanical engineer position at the Great Western Railway of Brazil to the same position at the Entre Ríos Railway in Argentina.
 * Construction of first oil-engined locomotive, an experimental unit designed by William Dent Priestman and built by his company, Priestman Brothers of Hull, England.

Deaths

 * March 2 – William H. Osborn, president of Illinois Central Railroad 1855–1865, president of Chicago, St. Louis and New Orleans Railroad 1875–1882, dies (b. 1820).
 * September 1 – Robert Pearson Brereton, chief assistant to Isambard Kingdom Brunel who completed many engineering projects after Brunel's death in 1859 (b. 1818).

title: 1894 in rail transport


text:
Category:Fictional dancers

Fictional dancers.

title: Category:Fictional dancers


text: Category:Geography of Fiji

title: Category:Geography of Fiji