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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Queg

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 03:28, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)

Queg
Together with Votes for deletion/Seshing and Votes for deletion/Munchies this is a non-encyclopedic slang definition related to cannabis use. Moreover there is not a single hit on Google for "queg cannabis" that is related to the provided meaning. Delete. Cacycle 18:57, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I feel that deleting this article is unjustified. It accurately represents the definition of queg that me and many of the people I know would consider to be the correct one, and there have been no contesting definitions. (this is a left-over from an earlier attempt to vote for deletion of this page made by 82.32.54.39) (cacycle)
 * The first thing that came to mind is that Queg is the name of the Captain from the Caine Mutiny, although it is usually spelled Queeg. Amusing the trivia one acquires. I think it also serves as an abbreviation for "Quadrophonic Effects Generator". — RJH 19:49, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * This Definition is not nonsense, and is used widely by hundreds of British. Therefore marking it for deletion is unneccessary. 80.235.142.51 22:50, 2004 Dec 5 (transferred from article Uncle G 01:54, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC))
 * I've heard of "seshes" and "the munchies". But obviously I'm not in the select few hundred people on the entire planet that have heard of "quegg".  Do they all live in the same bedsit in North London, perchance?  It's no wonder that it's a mess.  Unlike the other two, this is not Wiktionary material because there is no evidence of actual use.  So simply Delete. Uncle G 01:54, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)
 * Delete We are not a dictionary. --BenWilson 17:16, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If verified, transwiki to Wiktionary. -- Jmabel | Talk 08:30, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless it is real, in which case we should transwiki to Wiktionary. Bart133 (t) 01:54, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Queg


text:
Roddy Bottum

Roswell Christopher Bottum (born July 1, 1963) is an American musician, best known as the keyboardist for the San Francisco alternative metal band Faith No More. He is also guitarist and co-lead vocalist for the pop group Imperial Teen, best known for their 1999 single "Yoo Hoo" used in the movie Jawbreaker. In addition to popular musical career, Bottum also scored three Hollywood movies and composed an opera entitled Sasquatch: The Opera, which premiered in New York in April 2015.

Early life
Bottum was born July 1, 1963, in Los Angeles, California, to Mary (née Hustead) and Roswell Bottum II, both natives of South Dakota. Bottum has three sisters, Catherine, Elizabeth, and Stephanie. His father was a federal prosecutor for the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, who later went on to found the law firm Bottum and Feliton in 1981.

Bottum was raised Roman Catholic. As a child, he studied classical piano. Bottum attended Loyola High School, a Jesuit Catholic school in Los Angeles, from which he graduated in 1981. He moved to San Francisco shortly after graduating to attend San Francisco State University in 1981 as a film major.

Career
Joining his schoolfriends Billy Gould and Mike Bordin in Faith No More in 1981 (replacing Wade Worthington), Bottum remained in the band until its demise in 1998.

In 1985, Bottum wrote the words to Faith No More's first internationally-recognized song, "We Care a Lot".

However, after 1992's Angel Dust and its ensuing tour, Bottum's input into Faith No More was reduced significantly. His keyboards, previously prominent in the band, were almost absent on King for a Day... Fool for a Lifetime (1995). Bottum later explained that he suffered a nervous breakdown in this era and "all of that [time] is a real blur for me." He was addicted to heroin and also experienced the death of his father and witnessed the aftermath of Kurt Cobain's suicide on Courtney Love (Cobain's wife and Bottum's close friend, and also an early singer for Faith No More).

In 1994 and 1995, Bottum formed Imperial Teen with Lynn Perko, another Bay Area music veteran. The band's mainstream pop sound was a stark contrast to the aggressive metal of Faith No More, and is perhaps best known for their single "Yoo Hoo", used in the 1999 film Jawbreaker. In 2009, Bottum returned to Faith No More for a reunion tour, and in 2015, the band released their seventh studio album, Sol Invictus.

In 2013, Bottum moved to New York City and produced an opera, Sasquatch: The Opera. He wrote the music and libretto for the piece about the elusive beast of the forest, describing it as a dark and gothic fairy tale about a backwoods family and the relationship between a caged woman and Sasquatch. The opera premiered in Brooklyn in 2015 and went to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in the summer of 2016 for a month of shows. Bottum also wrote a short-form opera called The Ride about the AIDS LifeCycle Ride, a charity bicycle ride from San Francisco to Los Angeles, a ride Bottum participated in twice. The piece was staged with two stationary bicycles onstage.

In 2016, Bottum joined the art music collective Nastie Band. The group features 85-year-old singer Chris Kachulis and Bottum's long-time friend, visual artist Frank Haines.

In 2018, Bottum made his acting debut in Sebastian Silva's feature film Tyrel, about racial tension in America. The ensemble cast features Jason Mitchell, Chris Abbott, Michael Cera, and Caleb Landry Jones. The film premiered at Sundance Film Festival and had a theatrical release through Magnolia Pictures in 2019.

Also in 2019, Bottum formed the band Crickets, a Brooklyn-based band, with JD Samson and Michael O'Neill. They released their eponymous debut record on Muddguts Records in 2020.

In 2020, Bottum released the song "Daddy" under the name Man on Man, with partner Joey Holman. The video for "Daddy" was banned by YouTube for "violating rules of sex and nudity". The video was re-instated a month later on YouTube after receiving much criticism from the band and Rolling Stone magazine.

The second Man on Man single and video, "Baby, You're My Everything", was released by Bottum and Joey Holman in August 2020.

Man on Man released their self-titled debut album via Polyvinyl Record Co. on May 7, 2021. Their sophomore album, "Provincetown" was released via Polyvinyl on June 16, 2023.

Film and TV scoring
Bottum composed the music for Craig Chester's gay romantic comedy film Adam & Steve (2005) and scored What Goes Up (2009). He also composed the music for the 2007 film Kabluey, starring Lisa Kudrow and Scott Prendergrast. Bottum scored Gigantic (2008), a film by Matt Aselton, starring Zooey Deschanel and Paul Dano. In 2010, he scored the documentary Hit So Hard about drummer Patty Schemel. In 2010, Bottum also scored Fred: The Movie for Nickelodeon. He has gone on to score the sequel to that film and the first season of Fred: The Show for the same network.

Personal life
Bottum revealed his homosexuality in a 1993 interview with Lance Loud for The Advocate. In a 2001 interview in The Advocate, Bottum stated that "I would never have thought as a gay teen I'd be in a band that would be considered heavy metal or hard rock."

A 1999 article in The Advocate said of Imperial Teen, "With lyrical allusions to wearing lipstick and male pronouns used to address love objects, Imperial Teen serves up a gay sensibility that ordinarily surfaces only from straight bands like Pulp or Pizzicato Five." Bottum noted "I think there's a resistance from gay artists to go that route just because it's so predictable. But it is annoying to see bands play it as safe as they do these days. That's why something that visually screams as loud as Marilyn Manson is such a breath of fresh air."

Before he came out as gay, Bottum was involved in a brief heterosexual relationship with Courtney Love in the early 1980s, concurrent with the time she sang for Faith No More. The two remain friends decades later.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Roddy Bottum


text: User talk:67.69.108.75

title: User talk:67.69.108.75


text:
Peach Melba

Peach Melba (pêche Melba, ) is a dessert of peaches and raspberry sauce with vanilla ice cream. It was invented in 1892 or 1893 by the French chef Auguste Escoffier at the Savoy Hotel, London, to honour the Australian soprano Nellie Melba.

History
In 1892, operatic soprano Nellie Melba was performing in Wagner's opera Lohengrin at Covent Garden. The Duke of Orléans gave a dinner party at the Savoy to celebrate her triumph. For the occasion, Escoffier presented Nellie with a dessert of fresh peaches served over vanilla ice cream in a silver dish perched atop an ice sculpture of a swan, which is featured in the opera. He originally called the dish Pêche au cygne, or "peach with a swan."

A few years later Escoffier created a new version of the dessert: when Escoffier and César Ritz opened the Ritz Carlton in London (after both were sacked from the Savoy for larceny, embezzlement, and fraud), Escoffier changed the recipe slightly by adding a topping of sweetened raspberry purée and renamed the dish Pêche Melba.

Variations
Other versions substitute pears, apricots, or strawberries instead of peaches or use raspberry sauce or melted redcurrant jelly instead of raspberry purée. The original dessert used simple ingredients of "tender and very ripe peaches, vanilla ice cream, and a purée of sugared raspberry". Escoffier himself is quoted as saying, "Any variation on this recipe ruins the delicate balance of its taste."

Pijama
Peach Melba is claimed to be the ancestor of the pijama, a dessert in Catalan cuisine. 7 Portes, a famous restaurant in Barcelona founded in 1836, is credited with its creation in 1951, when officers of the U.S. Sixth Fleet stationed in the nearby harbor would often dine at 7 Portes and order peach Melba for dessert. The name mutated to pijama (, Catalan for pajamas) among the Catalan-speaking kitchen staff. From there the recipe, or the essence of it, spread throughout Catalonia. Variations are countless, but ice cream, flan, and fruit in syrup (peach or pineapple) are its staple ingredients.

Though regarded as an extravagant and somewhat outdated dish today, the pijama was considered part of the corpus of the Catalan cuisine and its recipe was included in the inventory published by the Foundation of the Catalan Institute of Cuisine and Gastronomical Culture.

Cultural significance
In tribute to Escoffier an elaborate deconstruction of the peach Melba was served as the last dish at El Bulli prior to its closure in 2012.

title: Peach Melba


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USS Venture

Three vessels of the United States Navy have been named USS Venture:

 * The first USS Venture (SP-616) was a steam yacht leased by the Navy from 1917 to 1919.
 * The second USS Venture (PC-826) was also a yacht, originally built in 1931, acquired at the end of December 1941, used for patrols and convoys along the East Coast, and sold in 1946.
 * The third USS Venture (MSO-496) was a minesweeper in service from 1956 to 1971.

title: USS Venture


text:
Talk:Icelandic króna

Untitled
Changed capitalization within article. This word is not normally capitalized on domain:is sites or anywhere else, except in circumstances where a word like "Dollar" or "Pound" would be capitalized.

I think the article should be moved to "Icelandic króna" as well; supposedly all the old links would still work in this case, changing only which ones go directly to the article and which ones are redirected. Is it normal to try to make all of them direct when making a change like this? Gene Nygaard 14:13, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, let's move it to use lower case. By all means. I can't see anyone objecting to that. - Haukur Þorgeirsson 21:08, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Moved per discussion. This is also in compliance with the Wikipedia Manual of Style. -- Arwel (talk) 23:01, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

Under Currency Issues it seemed a little odd to say that tourists would "have little need or desire" for Icelandic currency, both because surely one still needs coins for some machines (you need coins to ride the bus, or buy a Coke from a machine, or do laundry), and because it doesn't seem the article's writers can really know whether a tourist will desire local currency or not; surely some visitors to any country prefer to use local currency simply as part of getting to know the place they're visiting, just as surely as others prefer not to. Janni 23:25, 23 April 2007 (UTC)
 * You should rewrite it a bit, but don't remove it. It's very true, I've worked in the turist industry and they rarely had any cash on them. --Steinninn talk 16:40, 26 May 2007 (UTC)
 * But not all tourists travel through package tours, or have any contact with the tourist industry. Nearly all of the fellow tourists we met in Iceland had some cash on hand--the only exceptions were a few folks on a very structured package tour we met. I think if you looked at the visitors who are self-guided--and especially at those staying in guest houses and youth hostels--you'd get a very different picture of the use of currency by visitors. Janni 22:17, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

ISJ or ISC
Somehow I thought that the old krónar was ISC, but the article says ISJ. Dose anyone have a reference? --Steinninn talk 16:40, 26 May 2007 (UTC)

I thought it was ISK? -- unsigned

Text does not seem to make sense

 * It is also worth noting that the largest denomination banknote, the 5000 króna note, represents a value somewhat around $35 US (Oct, 2008). This, coupled with the generally extremely high prices in Iceland (a mid-range dinner for two in Iceland, without drinks or dessert, can easily exceed 5000 krónur), means that banknotes are not issued in sizes conducive for larger transactions.

1) Is the point being made that the highest-denomination banknote with equivalent value of $35 is much lower than expected? It doesn't seem that way to me; in the UK the highest-denomination note in common use is only £20 (there is a £50 note, but you rarely see them used in everyday transactions).

2) A mid-range dinner for two costing the equivalent of $35 does not seem excessively high as the article seems to be making out. That is only about £10 each in UK money, which is by no means an excessive amount to pay for dinner in a restaurant.

I know that the recent collapse in the currency will impact all these conversion rates and comparisons, but as written this text does not really seem to make sense.86.152.243.147 (talk) 20:44, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

 * The $35 rate is a recent update resulting from the collapse of the currency. It was near $100 when the text was originally written. Karl (talk) 09:32, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

 * OK, I have tried to reword this passage to make it more coherent. 86.138.104.239 (talk) 12:42, 6 November 2008 (UTC)

Trading of the ISK
I will remove the sentence about the krona having resumed trading, because, apart from that one 240 rate quote that a couple of newspapers seem to be quoting, I can find no hard evidence that the krona is being traded, at least not officially. The ECB still has its rate frozen at 305, and I can find no real evidence of trading on the usual news sources. Passportguy (talk) 11:35, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

 * If you're sure of your facts, you may want to also amend the article 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis which makes the same claim. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.134.43.202 (talk) 02:00, 6 November 2008 (UTC)

 * There is at least something weird with how exchange rates are set:
 * ECB still don't give any updated exchange rates.
 * This article has links to different currency rate sites (see the "Current ISK exchange rates" section). However, the different sites give different answers:
 * Yahoo: 290.8856 ISK/EUR
 * XE: 146.641 ISK/EUR
 * OANDA: 144.568 ISK/EUR
 * VISA: 145 ISK/EUR (not listed in the "Current ISK exchange rates" section)
 * The sites may update their rates at different points of the day, and may use slightly different sources for their data, so I don't see anything strange in the 145/145/147 difference between OANDA, VISA and XE. However, that doesn't explain why Yahoo's rate is so different. Maybe the currency still isn't traded normally? (212.247.11.156 (talk) 19:37, 14 March 2009 (UTC))
 * No, the ISK still isn't trading normally. Tight capital controls were introduced at the end of November 2008 and recently renewed . The Yahoo rate is effectively a speculative offshore rate: people who are willing to buy króna assets while not knowing when they will be able to convert them into hard currency. The other rates are the onshore rates, which are effectively controlled by the Central Bank of Iceland. Physchim62 (talk) 00:11, 15 March 2009 (UTC)

króna vs krónur ?
"The króna later fell to 340 against the euro before trade in the currency was suspended[6] (by comparison, the rate at the start of 2008 was about 90 krónur to the euro" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.8.93.34 (talk) 17:03, 11 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Use both as per Icelandic custom; surely it isn't that hard to differentiate between singular and plural? BodvarBjarki (talk) 12:26, 19 February 2010 (UTC)

Hyperinflation
There are regular claims that the ISK suffered from hyperinflation, but I can not find any verifiable sources to that. By looking through changes in CPI as maintained by Statistics Iceland I find that monthly inflation has never been close to 50% and only seldom passed 10%. As it is I've changed "hyperinflation" for "high inflation". If it's changed back some references would be welcome.

89.17.132.215 (talk) 12:47, 1 March 2017 (UTC)

A new source of images needs to be found
I stumbled across this article and saw rows of red circles put in my myWOT. I investigated and banknote.ws seems to be part of the zeus botnet so we really need a new source of the images --Liiiink (talk) 01:29, 6 September 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Smallest country with own monetary policy
I've returned the referenced claim that "Iceland is the smallest country to have its own currency and monetary policy", but I'm also sympathetic to 's view that this it not true. I say, let's fight sources with sources. Can anyone find a reliable source that directly contradicts this? The sources here are reliable (specifically the third one which is the only one that says monetary policy), but we could do better. I imagine this sort of question has been dealt with in textbooks and academic literature. I'd like this to be resolved so that at the end of the day one of our currency articles it's the smallest. – Finnusertop (talk ⋅ contribs) 12:13, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
 * "I say, let's fight sources with sources." Agreed. I presume that it would hard to substantiate that Iceland truly is at any given time the smallest country with its own currency and monetary policy, given that there are nearly 200 countries to keep tabs on, but this is what the cited sources say. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 12:19, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
 * The Seychelles rupee was only floated in 2008, so these 2011 sources might just be a bit behind. This 2018 article in Icelandic says: "The risk associated with having the second smallest independant monetary system (second only to the Seychelles [...]) has been increasing". I haven't been able to find a source directly comparing currencies and country sizes. – Þjarkur (talk) 13:46, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
 * Good find, . I'm happy if we cite that source here and in Seychellois rupee. – Finnusertop (talk ⋅ contribs) 17:24, 21 February 2019 (UTC)

I would suggest this needs more research. The claim would seem to be obsolete. A check of the Wikipedia articles concerned would indicate that Samoa (population 195,843, currency Samoan tālā regulated by Central Bank of Samoa), Vanuatu (population 272,459, currency Vatu, regulated by the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu) are both smaller population than Iceland, with their own monetary policies, and both floating against world curremcies. Tonga (population 100,651, currency Pa'anga, controlled by National Reserve Bank of Tonga), may not qualify, being non-convertible and pegged to a basket of other currencies - I'm not sure. Ditto Barbados (population 277,821, currency Barbadian Dollar, regulated by Central Bank of Barbados) - since it is pegged to the USD. But as far as I can see, Seychelles would be smallest by population, Samoa second, Vanuatu third, and Iceland 4th, assuming the Tonga and Barbados don't qualify. There may be others. I guess it may depend on what is meant by monetary policy? Or are the sources out of date? Ptilinopus (talk) 06:20, 1 February 2020 (UTC)

 * This is an Icelandic myth that has been repeatedly pushed by those most vocal about Iceland joining the EU and adopting the Euro. Just by browsing Wikipedia one can find multiple currencies in countries less populous than Iceland as well as countries with smaller economies, or smaller in area. The repeated claim of Iceland being "the smallest country..." has never really been defined. 31.209.156.44 (talk) 20:51, 14 February 2023 (UTC)

Removal of image columns?
None of the image columns in the coins table show any images. The banknotes table doesn't have image columns in the first place. Shouldn't the image columns in the coins table be removed? J I P | Talk 00:49, 8 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Icelandic króna


text:
Mission to the Unknown

"Mission to the Unknown" is the second serial of the third season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. Written by Terry Nation and directed by Derek Martinus, the single episode was broadcast on BBC1 on 9 October 1965. The only standalone regular episode of the show's original run, it serves as an introduction to the 12-part story The Daleks' Master Plan. It is notable for the complete absence of the regular cast and the TARDIS; it is the only serial in the show's history not to feature the Doctor at all. The story focuses on Space Security Agent Marc Cory (Edward de Souza) and his attempts to warn Earth of the Daleks' plan to take over the Solar System.

After the show's second production block was granted an additional episode, outgoing story editor Dennis Spooner commissioned Nation to write an extra episode as a cutaway to set up The Daleks' Master Plan. Nation wrote the episode while considering a Dalek-focused spin-off; he used film character James Bond as inspiration for Marc Cory. "Mission to the Unknown" was produced by the same team as its predecessor, Galaxy 4, in a five-week period that concluded the show's second production block; the two serials were held back to open the third season. Failing health prevented original director Mervyn Pinfield from continuing, replaced by Martinus. Production took place at the Television Centre in August 1965.

"Mission to the Unknown" received 8.3 million viewers, a drop from the previous serial. Contemporary and retrospective reviews were generally positive, with praise for the script and direction, though some viewers were confused that the following serial did not immediately continue the narrative. The videotapes of the episode were wiped by the BBC in July 1974, and it remains missing with no remaining footage. Usually alongside The Daleks' Master Plan, "Mission to the Unknown" received print and audiobook adaptations, with off-air recordings used to construct the latter. In 2019, director Andrew Ireland and University of Central Lancashire students recreated the episode in live-action, replicating the 1960s production values.

Plot
On the planet Kembel, Marc Cory (Edward de Souza) and Gordon Lowery (Jeremy Young) of UN Deep Space Force Group 1 are attempting to repair their spaceship to reach their rendezvous when they are attacked by the third crew member, Jeff Garvey (Barry Jackson), who was in a violent state of mind upon waking up in the jungle. Cory shoots Garvey dead when he was about to fire at Lowery. Bringing Lowery into the spaceship for debriefing, Cory explains himself to be a Space Security agent assigned to investigate a possible Dalek base for universal invasion with the presence of a Varga plant confirming their presence. Outside, Garvey's body mutates into a Varga. At the Daleks' base, the Dalek Supreme is informed that representatives from seven planets will soon arrive, and sends a Dalek platoon to destroy Cory and Lowery.

Cory stands guard against the slow-moving Varga plants while Lowery finishes building a rescue beacon. They notice a spaceship flying above them, Cory deducing the Daleks are planning something big. As Lowery was about to record a message, Cory notices something moving in the jungle. Lowery and Cory flee as the Dalek platoon arrives and destroys their ship. In the Dalek base, the representatives from the seven galaxies have gathered in a conference room. The Dalek Supreme assures representative Malpha (Robert Cartland) that the human intruders will be dealt with. Cory is forced to kill Lowery upon discovering he became infected by a Varga plant and records a message, only to be surrounded by the Daleks and exterminated. At the Dalek base, the representatives approve an alliance, agreeing with the Daleks' plan to take over the Solar System.

Conception and writing
In October 1964, BBC Head of Drama and Doctor Who co-creator Sydney Newman had granted producer Verity Lambert an additional episode in the second production block to compensate for the second season's Planet of Giants—the penultimate serial of the first production block—being cut from four episodes to three. As most stories were generally structured as four or six parts, this extra episode failed to fit the regular schedule. Outgoing story editor Dennis Spooner commissioned Terry Nation—creator of the Daleks and the writer of the first season's The Daleks (1963–1964) and second season's The Dalek Invasion of Earth (1964) and The Chase (1965)—to co-write the third season's The Daleks' Master Plan (1965–1966), and it was decided the extra episode would be used as a cutaway to set up the 12-part story. By April 1965, Donald Tosh was in the process of replacing Spooner as story editor.

The episode was produced by the same team as its predecessor, Galaxy 4; they were the final to be filmed in the show's second production block, but were held back to open its third season in September. Mervyn Pinfield—an experienced BBC figure who acted as the show's associate producer from its origins to January 1965—was originally assigned to direct both serials, but his failing health prevented him from continuing, and Lambert brought on new director Derek Martinus to direct the five episodes. Martinus had recently completed the BBC's internal directors' course and had no previous experience leading a television production. Having only seen a few episodes of Doctor Who, Martinus reviewed some of the previous stories with Lambert; he found them disappointing, which shocked Lambert, but stated that he wanted to aim for higher standards. Though Lambert was credited as producer on "Mission to the Unknown"—the final story for which she was credited—her role had essentially been replaced by John Wiles.

Nation was commissioned to write the episode on 25 February 1965; he delivered the script by 14 May, having been writing for The Saint at the time. He approached the episode as a technical problem, requiring a small cast and self-contained narrative. The success of the Daleks—particularly due to their imminent American debut in the film Dr. Who and the Daleks (1965)—led Nation to consider the viability of a Dalek-focused spin-off. In writing "Mission to the Unknown", he realised such a story would need a hero and wrote Marc Cory as a "space-age Bond", inspired by the recent release of Goldfinger (1964). The episode was originally set on the planet Varga, home of the Varga plants, but this was renamed Kemble (later spelled Kembel) during script revisions for The Daleks' Master Plan. The episode's draft script was titled "Dalek Cutaway", while the rehearsal script received the name "Mission to the Unknown"; the names were alternated and combined in internal documentation, and the final title has been the subject of much debate.

Casting and filming

"Mission to the Unknown" was unique in that it does not feature any of the main cast or the TARDIS—the only serial in the show's history not to feature the Doctor at all—a decision made partly to save money on their fees. Despite not appearing in the episode, William Hartnell was still credited for portraying the Doctor, while Maureen O'Brien and Peter Purves received credits in Radio Times as Vicki and Steven Taylor, respectively, but not in the episode itself. Young had previously starred as Kal in the first Doctor Who serial, An Unearthly Child; he was excited to work with Hartnell again but disappointed when he discovered his absence. Cartland had also appeared in Galaxy 4, directed by Martinus. The Dalek voices—provided by regular actors David Graham and Peter Hawkins—were pre-recorded in Lime Grove Studios on 4 August 1965.

The episode was Richard Hunt's first on Doctor Who as set designer; he made the jungle design, while series veteran Raymond Cusick on the rocket and message launcher, made both from stock set elements and by Shawcraft Models. For the Daleks' conference room, Cusick was inspired by the Nuremberg rallies. The episode used stock music composed by Trevor Duncan. Pre-filming for "Mission to the Unknown" took place on 25 June 1965 at Ealing Studios; the scene in which Garvey mutates into a Varga plant was recorded on 35 mm film. Rehearsals for the episode began on 2 August at the Territorial Army Drill Hall on Uxbridge Road, and the episode was recorded in Studio TC4 of the Television Centre on 6 August. The final scene of Galaxy 4 was recorded alongside the episode so as to avoid re-hiring Jackson and rebuilding the set; the scene was later inserted into Galaxy 4 during editing. Four of the Dalek props from The Chase were used in the episode. Recording for "Mission to the Unknown" cost GB£2,440.

Broadcast and ratings

The episode was broadcast on BBC1 on 9 October 1965. Viewership dropped from the preceding serial, while the Appreciation Index remained reasonable at 54. 16 mm film recordings were made available for international sale, but the episode was never sold overseas, and BBC Enterprises withdrew it in 1974. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation considered the recording, but it was rejected by the Film Censorship Board in September 1966 as it was considered to constitute "horror", particularly the masked aliens, Varga mutations, and dialogue about murder. The original 405-line tape was cleared for wiping in July 1969, and the episode was erased in July 1974. It remains missing; no known footage exists, though an off-air audio recording was made by fan David Butler.

Critical response
Bill Edmund of Television Today described the episode as an "exciting start" to The Daleks' Master Plan. Several viewers were confused by the lack of Daleks in the following serial—The Myth Makers, set during the Trojan War—and some felt that they had become less frightening. Conversely, some felt that the episode's other monsters were too scary. In A Voyage Through 25 Years of Doctor Who (1988), Ian Levine praised the "array of creatures", particularly the design of Malpha. In The Discontinuity Guide (1995), Paul Cornell, Martin Day, and Keith Topping described the episode as "macho, with a sinister atmosphere". In The Television Companion (1998), David J. Howe and Stephen James Walker wrote that the presence of the lead actors was "hardly missed" due to Nation's script and Martinus's direction, praising the tense atmosphere and set designs.

Commercial releases
The story was novelised as part of The Daleks' Master Plan Part I: Mission to the Unknown by John Peel with a cover by Alister Pearson, published in paperback by Target Books and W. H. Allen in September 1989. An unabridged reading of the book was published as Daleks: Mission to the Unknown by BBC Audiobooks in May 2010 as a five-disc set, read by Peter Purves and Jean Marsh with Dalek voices by Nicholas Briggs.

Audio from the episode featured on the first CD of the five-disc soundtrack The Daleks' Master Plan, released by BBC Worldwide in October 2001 with linking narration by Purves; the first CD was distributed with the magazine SFX to promote the full set. In April 2010, The Telegraph printed vouchers for readers to obtain the CD from WHSmith. A library edition of the audiobook was released by AudioGO in 2011, and Demon Music Group published it as a vinyl record in March 2019.

Recreation
After writing and producing his doctorate thesis about a 1960s-style recreation of the 2006 Doctor Who episode "Tooth and Claw" at Bournemouth University in 2012, Andrew Ireland wrote a proposal to recreate "Mission to the Unknown" the following year and brought it to the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), but did not follow up; he specifically chose the episode as it was a self-contained story without any of the main cast. In mid-2018, when asked for an interview about his thesis by Doctor Who Magazine, he revisited the idea. By now an academic and Pro-Vice Chancellor of Digital and Creative Industries at UCLan, he obtained permission for the recreation from the BBC and Nation's estate, writing a passionate email to the latter, who were "very supportive". With a support team at UCLan, Ireland began researching the project around this time.

Production
The recreation was created in about five days in February 2019, and the multi-camera shoot was done in three days from 20 to 23 February. It was filmed in colour and converted to black-and-white in editing; the on-set camera monitors also displayed the image in black-and-white. Ireland, who directed the recreation, used both the original camera script and a newly-formatted one. He edited the episode by placing it atop the original's audio for the sequences to closely match. Several teams at UCLan worked in different departments, including costume design, fashion, make-up, and music; an external subcontractor constructed some of the sets based on the production team's designs.

Mandip Gill, a UCLan drama graduate who played Yasmin Khan in Doctor Who from 2018 to 2022, sent a video message of support to the cast and crew alongside Thirteenth Doctor actress Jodie Whittaker. Peter Purves and Edward de Souza visited the set, and the former used his social media platforms to publicise the production. Janette Rawstron, the recreation's lead make-up artist who taught Media Make-Up at the nearby Accrington and Rossendale College, considered Malpha the biggest challenge, as the heat of the lighting caused parts of the make-up to shift around. For the jungle set, Ireland borrowed a technique used in the 1982 Doctor Who serial Kinda, spreading foliage across the studio floor; these were required to be moved to the side for the Daleks to move. Foliage and pot plants were sourced from around the university and from productions like Coronation Street.

Nicholas Briggs portrayed the Daleks in the recreation; he and Ireland met in 2013. Briggs felt the Dalek voices in "Mission to the Unknown" and The Daleks' Master Plan sounded "a bit more like" actors Hawkins and Graham than the Daleks; he adjusted his ring modulator to avoid this, but attempted to recreate the original voices as closely as possible. James Burgess operated the Daleks and, alongside his father Mike, provided a blue-and-silver Dalek for use. In the recreation, Marco Simioni played Marc Cory, Dan Gilligan played Lowery, Jacob Marrison played Garvey, and Paul Stenton played Malpha. The Dalek set was used in one scene in the original episode, and later returned for use throughout The Daleks' Master Plan; however, due to the set's complexity and infrequent usage, the recreation uses models instead, with full-size close-ups for shots of the Daleks. The model shots were filmed some weeks after main production.

Release and reception
The recreation premiered on the Doctor Who YouTube channel on 9 October 2019 at 5:50p.m., exactly 54 years after the episode's original broadcast. A behind-the-scenes documentary about the recreation, created by YouTuber Josh Snares, was released on YouTube. The Guardian's Martin Belam described the recreation as "effective", praising the Varga plants and Dalek death effect, but noted the source material itself was "a bit stilted, stagey and even slapstick at points", calling it "an interesting curiosity rather than a 'must see. Erik Amaya of Comicon.com similarly felt the dated techniques "make the 25-minute story feel slower than it actually is" but this was "the whole point of the project", lauding the accuracy of the recreation. The episode was awarded a Special Jury Prize at the Learning on Screen Awards in 2020.

title: Mission to the Unknown


text:
Nelahozeves

Nelahozeves is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,200 inhabitants. It is known for the Nelahozeves Castle and as the birthplace of Antonín Dvořák, who is one of the most important Czech composers.

Administrative parts
The villages of Hleďsebe 1.díl, Hleďsebe 2.díl, Lešany and Podhořany are administrative parts of Nelahozeves.

Etymology
The name was derived from the personal name Nelahoda, who was the probable founder of the village.

Geography
Nelahozeves is located about 18 km north of Prague. It lies in the Lower Ohře Table. The municipality is situated on the left bank of the Vltava River. The highest point is at 274 m above sea level.

History
The first written mention of Nelahozeves is from 1352, when the Church of Saint Andrew already existed. The village was owned by the royal chamber and then by the Metropolitan Chapter at Saint Vitus. After the Hussite Wars, it was again property of Czech kings.

In 1544, Nelahozeves was acquired by Florian Griesbeck of Griesbach. He had built a castle here, the construction of which began in 1553. His son, Blažej, continued to expand the estate and completed the construction of the castle in its final form in 1613. After his death in 1620, however, he left the estate in debt, so it was bought by Polyxena of Lobkowicz in 1623. The estate suffered damage during the Thirty Years' War, but recovered in the second half of the 17th century. After the war, the castle was reconstructed by Václav Eusebius Lobkowicz, who used the castle as the centre for administration and management of his estates. However, the castle never served as the Lobkowicz family's residence. The Lobkowicz family owned Nelahozeves until the establishment of an independent municipality in 1850.

Transport
Nelahozeves is located on the railway line Prague–Ústí nad Labem.

Sights
The main landmark of Nelahozeves is the Nelahozeves Castle. It is a Renaissance castle, built by the builder Bonifaz Wolmut in 1553–1613. The castle is an example of the castello fortezza, a design with faux architectural defenses, including decorative bastions and an entry bridge without a moat. The building is decorated by sgraffiti that depict scenes from Greek mythology and the Old Testament. The most noteworthy of the castle's interior rooms is the Knight's Hall, which dates from 1564. The castle was confiscated from the Lobkowicz family in 1948 and returned to them in 1993. Today it features an exhibition of historical period rooms, demonstrating the lifestyle of a Bohemian noble family in the mid-19th century. The castle also houses part of the Lobkowicz collection of paintings.

The Church of Saint Andrew is Gothic building, modified in the neo-Gothic style in the 19th century.

The birth house of Antonín Dvořák is a Baroque house with a small museum focusing on his life. Until 2019, it was operated by the National Museum in Prague; since 2019 it has been operated by the Lobkowicz family.

Notable people

 * Antonín Dvořák (1841–1904), composer

title: Nelahozeves


text:
Talk:Aaron Kwok

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text:
Talk:Primary biliary cholangitis

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 7 September 2021 and 8 December 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Yangk59, Nadees1, Yange11.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 07:10, 17 January 2022 (UTC) == antibiotic trigger? ==

Can use of antibiotics be cited as a rare trigger for cholangitis as per the page on cholestasis 2.25.85.166 (talk) 12:26, 5 July 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Amin Jenna Deep Explore
— Assignment last updated by JMR2024 (talk) 18:28, 20 October 2023 (UTC)

Hi everyone! I am in the process of updating this article in regards to sex differences in the pathophysiology and presentation of PBC. Happy to discuss any editing regarding content and format. --JMR2024 (talk) 19:58, 20 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Primary biliary cholangitis


text:
Project Phoenix (South Africa)

Project Phoenix is an ongoing programme within the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) to revive its Reserve Force and bring it on a par with the Regular Force under a "One Force policy."

The aim is to reach a point whereby members of the Reserve Force can be easily substituted for those of the Regular Force for combat operations, thus easing the requirement to sustain a large Regular Force.

title: Project Phoenix (South Africa)


text:
Topology (disambiguation)

Topology is a branch of mathematics concerned with geometric properties preserved under continuous deformation (stretching without tearing or gluing).

Topology may also refer to:

Mathematics

 * A topology is the collection of open sets used to define a topological space

Electronics

 * Topology (electronics), a configuration of electronic components

Computing

 * Network topology, configurations of computer networks
 * Logical topology, the arrangement of devices on a computer network and how they communicate with one another

Geospatial data

 * Geospatial topology, the study or science of places with applications in earth science, geography, human geography, and geomorphology
 * In geographic information systems and their data structures, topology and planar enforcement are the storing of a border line between two neighboring areas (and the border point between two connecting lines) only once. Thus, any rounding errors might move the border, but will not lead to gaps or overlaps between the areas.
 * Also in cartography, a topological map is a greatly simplified map that preserves the mathematical topology while sacrificing scale and shape
 * Topology is often confused with the geographic meaning of topography (originally the study of places). The confusion may be a factor in topographies having become confused with terrain or relief, such that they are essentially synonymous.

Biology

 * The specific orientation of transmembrane proteins
 * In phylogenetics, the branching pattern of a phylogenetic tree

Music

 * Topology (musical ensemble), an Australian post-classical quintet
 * Topology (album), 1981 album by Joe McPhee

Other

 * Topology (journal), a mathematical journal, with an emphasis on subject areas related to topology and geometry
 * Spatial effects that cannot be described by topography, i.e., social, economical, spatial, or phenomenological interactions

title: Topology (disambiguation)


text: File:Optical-interferometric-autocorrelation-setup.png


text:
Jason Rohrer

Jason Rohrer (born November 14, 1977) is an American computer programmer, writer, musician, and game designer. He publishes most of his software into the public domain (public-domain software) and charges for versions of his games distributed on commercial platforms like the iPhone appstore or Steam. He is a graduate of Cornell University. From 2004 until 2011 he practiced simple living, stating in 2009 that his family of four had an annual budget of less than $14,500. They have since relocated from Las Cruces, New Mexico to Davis, California. In 2005 Jason Rohrer worked on a local currency, called North Country Notes (NCN), for Potsdam, New York. In 2016 Rohrer became the first videogame artist to have a solo retrospective in an art museum. His exhibition, The Game Worlds of Jason Rohrer, was on view at The Davis Museum at Wellesley College until June 2016.

Games
Rohrer has placed most of his creative work, like video games' source code and assets, into the public domain as he is a supporter of a copyright-less free distribution economy. Many of his project are hosted on SourceForge.
 * Transcend – Rohrer's first game, released in 2005. Transcend is "an abstract 2D shooting game that doubles as a multimedia sculpture."
 * Cultivation – Rohrer's second game, released in 2007, is "a social simulation about a community of gardeners."
 * Passage – Rohrer's third game, which was released in 2007 and garnered much attention from the mainstream and independent gaming communities.   The game lasts exactly five minutes, and focuses on life, mortality and the costs and benefits of marriage. It was featured in Kokoromi's curated GAMMA 256 event.  In 2012 Passage became part of the permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art.
 * Gravitation – Rohrer's fourth game, released in 2008. That same year, it won the Jury award at IndieCade.
 * Between – Rohrer's fifth game, released in 2008. It is hosted by Esquire Magazine as an adjunct to Rohrer's profile in the December 2008 issue and was the inaugural recipient of the 2009 Independent Games Festival's Innovation Award.
 * Primrose – Rohrer's sixth game, designed for the iPhone (although released for home computers as well). It was released on February 19, 2009. It is a departure from the art-game theme, and is a simple puzzle game.
 * Sleep is Death – Adventure-game-making software, released April 16, 2010. Sleep is Death games require the creator to be present to respond to the player's actions in near real-time. It has received favorable reviews from a number of mainstream game review sites.
 * Game Design Sketchbook – In 2008 Rohrer created a number of games for The Escapist. These would usually be unpolished prototype games that explore a single theme, with an accompanying article by Rohrer describing the creative process of making games.
 * Inside a Star-filled Sky – An "infinite, recursive tactical shooter" released in February 2011, favorably reviewed. Selected for presentation at the 2011 Tokyo Game Show's Sense of Wonder Night. The game was put by Rohrer into public domain, like many other games of Rohrer.
 * Diamond Trust of London – A 2012 crowdfunded two-player strategy game for the Nintendo DS into public domain.
 * The Castle Doctrine – An MMO burglary and home defense video game. Sold on Steam while being public-domain software.
 * Cordial Minuet – A two-player online gambling strategy game played anonymously for real money.
 * One Hour One Life – A multiplayer survival game of parenting and civilization building, released February 2018. Like the games before, public domain software and hosted on GitHub.

GDC 2011 Game Design Challenge
At the 2011 Game Developers Conference Rohrer won the annual Game Design Challenge by proposing a game that could only be played once by a single player and then passed on to another. This idea was based on stories of his late grandfather that had been passed down. He stated "We become like gods to those who come after us." With this in mind he created a Minecraft mod, Chain World, that was put on a single USB flash drive, which he then passed to an audience member. The rules of the game were simple: No text signs are allowed in the game, players may play until they die once, upon respawning they must quit the game and the game must then be passed onto someone that is interested and willing to respect the rules.

GDC 2013 Game Design Challenge
In March 2013 the Game Design Challenge was held at the Game Developers Conference for the final time. Its theme was "Humanity's Final Game." Rohrer was among the six contestants and won with his entry A Game For Someone, a physical game constructed of titanium. After its completion Rohrer buried it in an undisclosed location in the Nevada desert. At the challenge he released lists containing over one million discrete GPS coordinates, one of which was the actual burial spot. He estimated that with coordinated searching it would take at least 2,700 years to locate the game.

The Game Worlds of Jason Rohrer
In February 2016, the Davis Museum at Wellesley College exhibited The Game Worlds of Jason Rohrer, the first museum retrospective dedicated to the work of a single video game maker. The museum stated "Rohrer's exhibited work is deft, engaging, and often surprisingly moving. It refers to a diverse set of cultural influences ranging from the fiction of Borges to Black Magic; at the same time, it also engages pressing emotional, intellectual, philosophical, and social issues. Rohrer's substantial recognition, which has included feature coverage in Wired, Esquire and The Wall Street Journal, as well as inclusion in MoMA's initial videogame acquisition, has been built on a singularly fascinating body of games. These range from the elegantly simple—such as Gravitation (2008), a game about flights of creative mania and melancholy—to others of Byzantine complexity. The exhibition featured four large build-outs that translate Rohrer’s games into unique spatial experiences, alongside a section dedicated to exploring a large body of his work." The exhibit was designed by IKD, a Boston-based design firm.

Other projects

 * konspire2b, a pseudonymous channel-based distributed file system
 * token word, a Xanadu-style text editing system
 * tangle, a proxy server which attempts to find relationships between websites and user visits.
 * MUTE, a anonymous P2P file sharing network with privacy in mind.
 * Monolith, a thought experiment that might be relevant to digital copyright. This has expanded to a computer program implemented on his ideas.
 * seedBlogs, a modular building block that lets users add PHP and MySQL-backed dynamic content to any website.
 * silk, a web-based hypertext system to simplify web page linking. Similar to wiki markup.
 * hyperlit, a literary hypertext authoring system.
 * subreal, a distributed evolution system.
 * Project December, an online conversation AI using GPT-2 and GPT-3 technology.

Personal life
In August 2005, Rohrer and his wife were arraigned for violating a local ordinance prohibiting grass taller than 10 inches. Representing himself, he successfully argued that natural landscaping had environmental benefits, and that the mowing ordinance was being enforced on them "in a manner that violates the free speech, equal protection, and due process clauses of the United States and New York constitutions." The court found that the statute was overly broad, and he was acquitted of all charges on June 12, 2006.

title: Jason Rohrer


text:
Talk:Scott Speicher

Can we move this page to the right one?
I don't know how long this page has been here. Seems like quite awhile. Very long before his name recently popped up in the media. Anyway, about his name. It's Michael "Scott" Speicher. So shouldn't this page be Michael Spiecher (navy pilot) or something to that effect? -- (Mrja84 (talk) 03:44, 3 August 2009 (UTC))

Confusion
In the article "Bedouins were hunting in the desert when they found the parts of Spikes F/A-18 Superhornet. They mailed pictures to the US of the plane parts. They took a picture of the serial code of the plane and they found it as Speichers Jet."

According to wiki, the SUPER hornet did not fly till 1995, long after the event occured. I don't know what Spikes refers to... Is Spikes a person, as in Spikes' plane? Please fix it. tnx. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 35.11.158.31 (talk) 08:13, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Well to let you know, yes they messed up on the designation, but "Spike" was his call sign, so that's refering to CAPT Spiecher, a familiar term but what most people (officer's in the Navy to be precise) called him. --TXbrn LArasd (talk) 13:34, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

More Personal Bio
Don't you all think there should be more personal bio for him so people know who he was/is as a person. Just a thought. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.31.242.174 (talk) 21:07, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

Yes there really should be more about Scott, personally. I grew up with him as young kids in KC, MO. He was an excellent student; close schoolmates remember him rarely taking school work home through Jr High. I was on the swim team with him. He swam backstroke faster than any others swam any stroke. He was one of the funniest of all the friends in our group. He would have us all rolling with almost no effort and few words; it was all charisma and raw childhood inspiration (and silliness). Yet memorable enough to not fade after 40 yrs. He left KC North (Clay Co. MO) in his first year of high school; moved to FL and lived in Clay Co. Florida.

I think it is worth mentioning that another American POW captured and 'murdered' in Iraq lived only about 6 blocks from where Scott grew up in KC. This heroes name is very much worth mentioning for he has been overlooked in a very unique way. His name was SGT Donald Walters. He was a cook in Jessica Lynch's 507th. He was also a Gulf War I Veteran. He needs to be mentioned here because it was Donald that actually performed ALL the heroics originally attributed to Lynch. Providing cover fire, saving others' lives, isolated from his company, running out of amunition (a ton), fighting off his captors in hand to hand combat, stabbed in the abdomen and captured. And even though it took a year to get his silver star for saving lives of the 507th, the Oversight committee that recently covered the Lynch / Pat Tillman misinformation hearings and their report did NOT even mention him. The report conveniently concluded after all the facts about media misinformation on Lynch the committee still did not know why the military made up the lies and concocted such stories of heroism on her part. NONE of Donalds family was made aware by the military that he was EVER captured at all in Iraq for over a year after his remains were returned. They quietly gave his widow a POW medal.

(New Entry regarding previous unsigned) While I can see where the above is something that needs mentioning, I think it would be more appropriate to put it under a new page, either one created for Lynch, or essentially a memorial page for Walters, not here, not this page. Personal opinion here, but considering I met this man, and worked beside him sometimes (he was one of the LSO's and they worked out of my office on the Sara) this page is for him, and discussion's surrounding him. --TXbrn LArasd (talk) 14:12, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

Please Compare Scott's case as a POW with other American Soldiers captured in Iraq
I have become very close with the other families of our American soldiers captured in Iraq since Scott with two exceptions. The remarkable note here is that in EVERY case their capture by enemy forces in an armed conflict was KNOWN FACT promoted by the military. Although their domestic casualty status was Missing/Captured their PR in almost all media was simply 'missing'. It bothers me that this ('missing') is (more accurately used) in the headlines and media references for AWOL soldiers i.e. before they turn themselves in. Yet each captured soldiers family received a POW medal immediately upon their remains being returned (with a 2nd exception of Joseph Anzack taking over a year).

Please check into some of the other captured American soldliers in Iraq. Keith Matthew Maupin, Alex Jimenez, Byron Fouty, Kristian Menchaca, Thomas Lowell Tucker,

Currently (May '09) other than Scott Speicher there is only one other soldier missing. He is an American. He was born in Iraq. His family became US Citizens and moved to MI. He VOLUNTEERED in the reserves and at the AGE OF 40 - he passed boot camp and became an interpreter. His name is Ahmed Qusai al-Taayie. His name should be known to many but no one (few) know of him or his story for the following reason/example.

Remember: Geneva convention states: It only takes one 'high contracting party' (signor) in an armed conflict to have the International LEGAL STATUS of "Prisoner of War". NOT TWO like you are told to believe by our gov't and the press.

Here is how the Pentagon's PRISONER OF WAR office (Public Affairs officer) described U.S. SGT Altaie to NPR's reporter Tom Bowman (ignoring or disqualifying 'Spike') QUOTE:  the "ONLY soldier missing in Iraq" ..... is a Muslim American with family in Iraq... followed by a subversively suggestive inuendo"(some say...) * I refuse to reprint it all here. Keep in mind this had the effect of the reporter not even mentioning the 'only' missing soldier's name.  The inuendo worked.  I had to dig to deduce which hero was being left out of the statistic of TWO KNOWN CAPTURED US soldiers from the Pentagon (again).  It was Scott.   Source Tom Bowman (journalist)  NPR.

The military claims we learned so many lessons from the botched case of CPT Scott Speicher and it is true. But look what else we learned and implemented!! Dissing HEROES currently missing known captured in foreign armed conflict.

This Public Affairs Officers Name is Larry Greer.

He's been quoted in many major articles of US Military personnel missing in Iraq which have eliminated Scott Speicher from the current statistics containing only a few captured soldiers at any time in Iraq.

He can be easily reached to confirm the above here: The Pentagon's POW office is officially called DPMO wiki LINK:

Larry Greers phone # 703-602-2102 But don't worry Larry. I doubt anyone (else) will call you out on this.

New Information on the Case
The AP reported that there is going to be a review board this Monday (1/5/09) on whether to officialy close the case and consider him KIA. THe family's attorney has stated they are not giving hope and don't feel the Navy has done enough. Read here http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090103/ap_on_go_ca_st_pe/gulf_war_pilot_missing. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.31.242.174 (talk) 21:12, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

I went ahead and added the info to the article. I hope no one minds. Im surprised this wasn't updated as soon as this piece came across the news wire. Anyway its there for anyone to add or edit. Its the section "New Hearing".

Divorce
I recently attended a US Army briefing called "High Risk of Isolation"; it's intended for pilots and aircrews who fly over hostile territory. Incidentally, I took the class at Scott's namesake -- Camp Speicher in Iraq. The instructor talked about Scott quite a bit. He mentioned that Scott's wife was granted a divorce in his absence, and she later married Scott's caseworker. I thought this was an interesting fact, but I could find no references. Are there references to be found? Polihale (talk) 03:32, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Actually, she married Michael's best friend. How ironic. Oh well, at least he never found out about that.--Jason1960 (talk) 13:31, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

I changed note 2 of the references since the text did not mention anything about the remarriage to Speicher's best friend and I replaced it with a link to newsite timeline that does menton it. --76.31.242.174 (talk) 16:45, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Ok I guess that bit of info about his wife's remarriage was deleted and so my correction was not needed anyway. --76.31.242.174 (talk) 00:49, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

Ah it's every soldier's dream to die for his country, and his gal to marry his best friend... Where's the honor in that? You don't know if your husband's dead so you divorce HIM?!?!?!? Aren't we talking about making the ultimate sacrifice to protect ones county, and especially family? I have the upmost disrespect for that woman. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.49.183.84 (talk) 17:11, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Seriously? How is it any of your concern? Do you know these people and their circumstances? I don't think wikipedia is the place for you to shoot off your mouth about people you don't know. His wife got on with her life. Nojamus (talk) 23:16, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

 * She might have decided that it was important for their kids to have a (step-)father in their lives. Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots 00:13, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

date of death
This is speculation, nobody knows. Probably 1/17 but could be 1/16 or 1/18 so let's say approx. 1/17 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Acme Plumbing (talk • contribs) 15:01, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

re: his remains being found
I don't mean to be all conspiracy theory and all, but the DOD's account makes it sound as if they JUST found out where the crash site was located... when it was actually discovered by hunters in the early 1990s. The local Bedouins and other local civilians were interviewed in 1995 or so, so why didn't they mention Speicher's remains then? (Because the Iraqi government wouldn't let them perhaps? Hmmm...)

Also, there is too much evidence to support his having survived the crash, i.e. "Speicher's E & E (Escape and Evade) sign left on the desert floor" and his flight suit being found away from the crash site. I dunno, it just all sounds so fishy to me...

The joint U.S. military's special operations community really felt let down by [now retired] General Shalikashvili's decision to not let them investigate the crash site, and instead let the Iraqi government "investigate" the site first. Speicher definitely seems to have been sold out for political reasons. Evets70 (talk) 16:16, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

I deleted the last statement about him never being captured. This is not a known fact. Depending on the families wishes, Dover mortuary or DoD may release further. It is a known fact that the investigation could have been handled better. Hindsight offers us a chance to review the political decisions that possibly compromised the investigation. But such a blatant statement such as "never captured" is not appropriate at this time. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ajsama (talk • contribs) 18:12, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

This is getting frustrating. We need to stick to the facts as we know them now. We are still putting unconfirmed information and citing sources that don't backup the facts. The fact that his remains were found in the desert does not mean that he was never captured. It means that his remains were found in the desert -- that is it. As of today his story is homepage paterial on most major new sites. It is frequently discussed on CNN. This article is getting quoted for background material by the major press. We are talking about a deceased U.S. aviator who deserves respect and appropriate care with the facts. I am not trying to espouse a particular theory, just pointing out that we need to stick with the facts. With an 18 year time span between the incident and the discovery there is still more work to do to make an affirmative determination about what happened to this aviator. We need an admin to make some type of determination about this, please. Ajsama (talk) 23:45, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Comments posted to article page by User:Streetrace442
EDIT:

I don't know where people get their information from, but the guy was no Capt. in the Navy. He was shot down in 1991 but in 1990, he had his photo taken in uniform as an Lt. (O-3). How many people do you know of in our military today at the age of only 33 holding the rank of an O-6? Besides, if he did hold such rank, he would have been a CAW commander at least, not a squadon CO. A squadon CO only holds the rank of an O-5 (Commander)in the Navy. This only proves that Wikipedia is not as reliable as many believe it to be. (moved by Shinerunner (talk) 18:40, 2 August 2009 (UTC))

I understand your statement -- but it is a little harsh. DoD/Navy granted promoted him to Cpt after he was MIA. This produced a significant adjustment to his survivor benefits. When he went MIA he was Lt. Cmdr. He would have been an O-3 or O-4 on the day his plane was shot down. Ajsama (talk) 19:47, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Streetrace442: PLEASE stop posting comments into the article. If you want to discuss, please post here and we will do the research. Ajsama (talk) 20:52, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

 * That was after I tried to explain the information on his talk page. I've added a warning message this time. If he adds comments to the article again, I'll ask an administrator to review the situation. Shinerunner (talk) 22:08, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Navy policy
There are several mentions of his post-crash (or, given recent evidence) posthumous promotions being "in accordance with Navy policy". I, however, can't find any specific info regarding this policy, either because the policy is obscure or my search terms are too vague or common. Is there an article or section of an article on this policy, including specific requirements for each rank, whether they be length of missing status, possibility of capture, etc? It might confuse others, as it confused me, that the change is status from KIA to MIA which occurred in January 2001 would merit a promotion, let alone the promotion to Captain a year later, which, again, is "in accordance with Navy policy". 98.239.166.251 (talk) 23:54, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

This is an obscure Naval policy that is typically not publicized. It may be found on the internet but it will be difficult to find without proper clearance and without proper access to the sites that I do know that stores the information 74.132.47.144 (talk) 00:32, 11 February 2010 (UTC)

 * I doubt that US navy policy allows a posthumous promotion. Someone who is dead cannot be promoted, as they are no longer a commissioned officer.122.59.140.215 (talk) 08:11, 17 July 2015 (UTC)

Arrival of Remains
If no one minds I added the latest bit of info about his remains arriving today (Aug 13) I though it best to put it under the "Memorial and Dedication" section but if someone wants to add to or place it somehwere else the info is there. --76.31.242.174 (talk) 22:28, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

On an unrelated note I noticed that some info was added in an other section. It seems that the name of the Iraqi pilot who shot down Speicher is now known. However the source note is linked to an article that is no longer there. A search of his name elswhere comes up with sites that have as their source the footnote here in this article. Does someone know how they found out about this person since for the longest time the Navy didn't even know how he was shot down? The sourcing on the Iraqi pilot as of right now does not exist as far as I can see. At least in English media sources. --76.31.242.174 (talk) 22:47, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

Item for "Memorials and Dedications"
I don't have a lot of experience in Wikipedia, so hope I did this right. If not, please help in correcting my entry instead of simply deleting as others on other pages have done.

I just added an entry in "Memorials and Dedications" that a F/A-18 on display at NAS Pensacola was dedicated to Speicher's family. I live in Pensacola and took a photo of the plane last week. I have a copy of the NAS Pensacola base newspaper, the "Gosport", with an article on the discovery of his remains and a photo of the plane with Speicher's children. I mention that as the source for my information. There is also an article in the Pensacola News Journal that mentions the dedication and another article which is now under paid archive retrieval. So I linked to the first two.

I would like to include the photo I took of the plane showing Speicher's name on this page, if there are no objections. I uploaded it to WikiMedia Commons.

Thank you! Mikejapp (talk) 03:55, 19 August 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mikejapp (talk • contribs) 03:51, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

Date of death
This article is contradictory — or at least confusing — regarding Scott Speicher's date of death. The body of the article states that he died in the plane crash on January 16, 1991. In the Loss incident section, it states: LCDR Scott Speicher was flying an F/A-18 Hornet fighter when he was shot down 100 miles west of Baghdad, on the night of January 16, 1991, the first night of Operation Desert Storm. Also, in the Discovery and positive identification subsection, it states: ''His jawbone ... was found in the desert, where according to local civilians, he was buried by Bedouins after his plane was shot down. This confirmed that Speicher was never captured and that he died during the crash''. Yet, in the introductory sentence and in the infobox, his date of death is listed as the following day, January 17, 1991. Can anyone explain this discrepancy ... or edit the article with the correct date? Thank you. (Joseph Spadaro (talk) 00:04, 30 November 2009 (UTC))
 * @Joseph: There are a couple of time zones (eight!) between Baghdad (AST: UTC+3h) and Washington, D.C. (EST: UTC-5h). Hence: Practically the entire night (after midnight, of course) in Arabia means "Yesterday" in Washington D.C. Often the military refers all things happen to Zulu time (for civilians: it's UTC)- especially in avation. But even based on Zulu time the difference between UTC and AST keeps events for three more hours happening on a "Yesterday" during "Arabian nights". --de:TK-lion (talk) 14:48, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

Details of death
Why is it that despite a whole page being devoted to Speicher, there is basically nothing about the circumstances of his death. What was the mission, how many aircraft were involved, what occurred. There is one clue, the reference to another pilot saying "It was that MiG that shot Spike down". Clearly there were at least two aircraft on the mission, they saw a MiG. One pilot at least thought that the MiG had fired a missile. Why no reference to any of this in the article? Incidentally the only reason why the Pentagon claimed it was a surface missile was that the propaganda of the time represented the Iraqi air force as being no threat.122.59.140.215 (talk) 08:09, 17 July 2015 (UTC)

MiG-25
The Pilot name was Lt. Col. Zuhair Dawood not just Lt. .... and he was commander of the 96 Iraqi AF squadron based at Alqadisya AB ( Ain Alasad - Albaghdadi ) ... Not 84 .... Later in late 90s he became base commander00:29, 22 August 2015 (UTC)00:29, 22 August 2015 (UTC)oiaf — Preceding unsigned comment added by Old iraqi AF (talk • contribs)

External links modified
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Links in “Discovery and positive identification”
All the links about SEALs go off to Marine groups. Which is right? 06:30, 6 August 2022 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1700:4CA0:BF0:9963:7125:3C6B:1BB4 (talk)

title: Talk:Scott Speicher


text:
William Tenn

William Tenn was the pseudonym of Philip Klass (May 9, 1920 – February 7, 2010), a British-born American science fiction author, notable for many stories with satirical elements.

Biography
Born to a Jewish family in London, Phillip Klass moved to New York City with his parents before his second birthday and grew up in Brooklyn, the oldest of three children. After serving in the United States Army during World War II as a combat engineer in Europe, he held a job as a technical editor with an Air Force radar and radio laboratory and was employed by Bell Labs.

Phillip and Fruma Klass married in 1957, and they moved in 1966 to State College, Pennsylvania, where he taught English and comparative literature at Penn State University for 22 years. Students of his who would go on to professional careers as writers included Rambo creator David Morrell, screenwriter Steven E. de Souza, technology writer Steven Levy and crime novelist Ray Ring.

Phil's wife, Fruma Klass (b. 1935), grew up in New York City and graduated from the Bronx High School of Science and Brooklyn College to work as a lab technician, a medical editor and a Harper & Row copy editor. At Penn State, she was a writing instructor and a copy editor for the Penn State University Press.

When Phil Klass retired, the couple moved to the Pittsburgh suburb of Mt. Lebanon in 1988, and Fruma took a job as an editor with Black Box Corporation. That same year, her first short story, "Before the Rainbow," was published in the anthology Synergy 3. In 1996, her second story, "After the Rainbow," won a Writers of the Future prize; the story was published in Writers of the Future, Vol. XII. In 2004, she entered a worldwide essay competition, the Power of Purpose Awards, sponsored by the John Templeton Foundation. Competing against 7,000 entrants from 97 countries, she won $25,000 for her essay, "Streets of Mud, Streets of Gold."

Phil and Fruma Klass were members of the Pittsburgh Area Real Time Science Fiction Enthusiasts Consortium (PARSEC), and were frequent speakers at its local conference, Confluence.

Phil Klass was a Guest of Honor at Noreascon 4, the 2004 World Science Fiction Convention. He was the Author Guest of Honor at Loscon 33 at the LAX Marriott in Los Angeles in 2006.

He has published most of his fiction as William Tenn and much of his nonfiction as Phil (or Philip) Klass. He is sometimes confused with UFO debunker Philip J. Klass, who was born six months earlier and who died August 9, 2005.

Klass was related to other writers, including his nieces, Perri Klass and Judy Klass, his nephew David Klass, and his brother Morton Klass.

He died on February 7, 2010, of congestive heart failure, and was survived by his wife Fruma, daughter Adina, and sister Frances Goldman-Levy.

Writing
Klass published academic articles, essays, two novels and more than 60 short stories. He began writing while working at Bell Labs, and his radar lab experience prompted his first story, "Alexander the Bait", about a radar beam aimed at the Moon. It was published in Astounding Science Fiction (May 1946), and within months a Signal Corps lab bounced a radar beam off the Moon, making his story obsolete. He commented, "It was a bad story, just good enough to be published. Others in the same magazine were much better, so I really worked hard on my second one. I did as well as I knew how."

Some of the nonfiction articles in the trade periodical TWX Magazine have been attributed to Klass during his employment at Bell Labs, although most were published without by-lines.

His second story, the widely reprinted "Child's Play" (1947), told of a lawyer who creates people with his Bild-A-Man kit, a Christmas gift intended for a child of the future. After publication in Astounding Science Fiction (May 1946), Tenn was soon hailed as the science fiction field's reigning humorist, and during the early 1950s, readers of Galaxy Science Fiction looked forward to issues featuring his satirical science fiction.

Many stories followed, including "Venus and the Seven Sexes" (1951), "Down Among the Dead Men" (1954), "The Liberation of Earth", "Time in Advance" (1956) and "On Venus, Have We Got a Rabbi" (1974). One of his non-fiction articles, "Mr. Eavesdropper," was later collected in Best Magazine Articles, 1968. His essay and interview collection, Dancing Naked, was nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Related Book in 2004. He was given the Author Emeritus honor by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 1999.

The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction ranked Tenn as "one of the genre's very few genuinely comic, genuinely incisive writers of short fiction." Theodore Sturgeon summed up Tenn's humorous viewpoint on life: "It would be too wide a generalization to say that every SF satire, every SF comedy and every attempt at witty and biting criticism found in the field is a poor and usually cheap imitation of what this man has been doing since the 1940s. His incredibly involved and complex mind can at times produce constructive comment so pointed and astute that the fortunate recipient is permanently improved by it. Admittedly, the price may be to create two whole categories for our species: humanity and William Tenn. For each of which you must create your ethos and your laws. I've done that. And to me it's worth it."

Tenn wrote two novels, both published in 1968. Of Men and Monsters is an expansion of his story "The Men in the Walls", originally in Galaxy Science Fiction (October 1963). A Lamp for Medusa was published as a double novel with Dave Van Arnam's The Players of Hell. This novella was an expansion of his story "Medusa Was a Lady!" from the October, 1951 issue of Fantastic Adventures.

Theater
In 1978, the University Readers at Penn State University presented a dramatization, directed by Joseph Wigley, of four of Tenn's short stories under the title Four From Tenn. The selected stories were "The Discovery of Morniel Mathaway", "Bernie the Faust", "The Tenants", and "My Mother Was a Witch".

Pittsburgh's Malacandra Productions staged a nine-character play adapted by John Regis from the classic Tenn science fiction short story, "Winthrop Was Stubborn". Directed by David Brody for the Three Rivers Arts Festival, this production ran from June 2 through June 17, 2006.

Works

 * The Evolution of William Tenn or Myself When Young (1939) although these stories first published in book form by the Pretentious Press in 1995
 * Children of Wonder (anthology edited by William Tenn) (1953)
 * Of All Possible Worlds (1955)
 * The Human Angle (1956)
 * Time in Advance (1958)
 * A Lamp for Medusa (novella published as a double with The Players of Hell by Dave Van Arnam) (1968)
 * Of Men and Monsters (1968) (novel)
 * Once Against the Law (1968) (anthology of crime fiction edited by Tenn and Donald E. Westlake)
 * The Seven Sexes (1968)
 * The Square Root of Man (1968)
 * The Wooden Star (1968)
 * "On Venus, Have We Got a Rabbi!" (1974); published in several collections
 * Immodest Proposals: The Complete Science Fiction of William Tenn, Volume I  (omnibus) (2000)
 * Here Comes Civilization: The Complete Science Fiction of William Tenn, Volume II (omnibus) (2001)
 * Dancing Naked, the Unexpurgated William Tenn (non-fiction omnibus) (2004) [Hugo Nominee, Best Related Book, 2005]

 * Online
 * William Tenn: "Constantinople" (full text)
 * William Tenn: "Poul Anderson" (full text)
 * William Tenn: "Remembrance of Worldcons Past" (full text)
 * William Tenn: "Welles or Wells: The First Invasion from Mars" (full text)
 * "Streets of Mud, Streets of Gold," $25,000 award-winning essay by Fruma Klass (full text)
 * William Tenn: "On Venus, Have We Got a Rabbi!" (full text)

title: William Tenn


text:
User talk:68.107.42.139

RfD nomination of Happy Cows
I have nominated for discussion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at the discussion page. Thank you. — The Man in Question (in question)  01:31, 19 December 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Platinum Hits 2000
I have nominated Platinum Hits 2000, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Platinum Hits 2000. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 16:11, 14 July 2010 (UTC)

Categories for discussion nomination of Category:Codename: Kids Next Door characters
Category:Codename: Kids Next Door characters, which you created, has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the Categories for discussion page. Thank you. JJ98 (Talk) 07:39, 24 January 2011 (UTC)

Category:Hot cocoa
Category:Hot cocoa, which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the Categories for discussion page. Thank you. Mercurywoodrose (talk) 04:08, 21 October 2012 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Ruffles

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, introducing inappropriate pages, such as Ruffles, is not in accordance with our policies. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. The page has been nominated for deletion, in accordance with Wikipedia's criteria for speedy deletion.

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Speedy deletion nomination of Tintin home video releases

A tag has been placed on Tintin home video releases, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G11 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page seems to be unambiguous advertising which only promotes a company, product, group, service or person and would need to be fundamentally rewritten in order to become encyclopedic. Please read the guidelines on spam and FAQ/Organizations for more information.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the deleting administrator, or if you have already done so, you can place a request here. Magnolia677 (talk) 10:20, 16 July 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Ultimate Smash Hits

The article Ultimate Smash Hits has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Not a particularly notable label compilation. No substantial reviews aside from the one on AllMusic - checked Highbeam and Newspapers.com. Not really a suitable candidate to be redirected to Arista imo since it's not mentioned there."

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Nomination of The Absolute Hits Collection for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Leader Dog

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Proposed deletion of Tortellini Western

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title: User talk:68.107.42.139


text:
ISPO

ISPO is the Shortcut for:
 * Internationale Fachmesse für Sportartikel und Sportmode
 * International Simultaneous Policy Organization
 * International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics

title: ISPO


text:
Talk:Jason Rohrer

Untitled
Moved this off the Konspire2b page, but comments are welcome as to whether it's encyclopaedic? Ojw 14:33, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Was probably marginal in 2004, but since Rohrer has resurfaced in a completely different context (indie/art games) and gotten a bunch of press for it, he's definitely notable now. --Delirium (talk) 11:26, 3 May 2008 (UTC)

Changes
I just made a lot of changes to this article, notably creating a Games section and moving relevant info from the introduction into that section. They're a little bare-bones, but I plan to do some polishing in the future. Goodbye Galaxy (talk) 18:33, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

The NY Times Magasine
This article refers to Rohrer and may contain information valuable to improving this article. In particular:
 * Two years ago, almost no one had heard of Jason Rohrer. Then he made Passage, a brief but powerful meditation on mortality that created a stir even before it caused Clint Hocking, the creative director at Ubisoft, the world’s fourth-largest game company, to shed tears. Hocking used Passage to publicly indict his colleagues at last year’s conference. “Why can’t we make a game that . . . means something?” Hocking asked. “A game that matters?”
 * - BalthCat (talk) 05:59, 20 November 2009 (UTC)

Apparent vandalism in "personal life"
This diff appears to be vandalism: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jason_Rohrer&diff=prev&oldid=762165365

The sentence that was added doesn't make sense: "Rohrer is a friend of famed content-adjacent developer, Andy Lin."

The phrase "content-adjacent developer" doesn't seem to have any meaning.

The person's name may not be a real person; there is a reference at one of Rohrer's web sites, http://thecastledoctrine.net/contestResults.php, to an "Andy Lin" as the name of an artist, but there is no other source provided for this information about this person.

The only other edit from a user with the same IP address as this anonymous editor is apparent vandalism, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Merkin&diff=prev&oldid=773844526 Mherdeg (talk) 04:54, 17 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jason Rohrer


text:
Category talk:London Underground stations

PockBot - Category articles summary as of 10:59:10, Thu Dec 7, 2006
List of all pages in category London Underground stations retrieved by PockBot. '''PockBot is currently Undergoing Trials. If you have any comments on its performance please leave them at Bots/Requests_for_approval/PockBot'''  PockBot 10:59, 7 December 2006 (UTC)


text:
Ahmad Sadegh-Bonab

Ahmad Sadegh-Bonab is an Iranian politician. He was for a short time the acting Minister of Roads and Transportation after Ahmad Khorram, the former Minister was impeached by the Majlis on 3 October 2004.

Before the post of the supervisor of the ministry, Sadegh-Bonab has been a Vice Minister of Roads and Transportation and the Iranian Ambassador to Ukraine.

title: Ahmad Sadegh-Bonab


text:
User:Dr. Hugo

See Hugo Heyrman

http://www.doctorhugo.org/index.html

title: User:Dr. Hugo


text:
Time in Advance

Time in Advance is a collection of four short stories by American science fiction writer William Tenn (a pseudonym of Philip Klass). The stories all originally appeared in a number of different publications between 1952 and 1957. Time in Advance was first published by Bantam Books as a paperback in 1958 and also published as a hardcover in the United Kingdom by Victor Gollancz in 1963, followed a hardcover edition in 1964 published in the United Kingdom by the Science Fiction Book Club and by a Panther paperback edition in April 1966.

Dedication
Tenn (the pseudonym of Philip Klass) dedicated the collection his wife, Fruma, while referencing the title story of the collection.

"Firewater"
A reprint of a story first published in February 1952 and featured as that issue's cover story. Here, Earth is visited by enigmatic and uncommunicative aliens who ignore humans and simply observe. Those who do meet with the aliens, gain extraordinary powers, such as telekinesis, but in human terms, also go mad. Algernon Hebster is a highly successful businessman, owing mostly to his dealings with primeys, who supply him with the knowledge for advanced technologies which he puts to use in commerce. The problem is that primeys are so dangerous that dealing with them is highly illegal and every attempt is made to confine them to the reservations around their perceived alien masters.

"Time in Advance"
This story was published in the August 1956 issue of Galaxy Science Fiction. The story presents a future in which citizens serve out sentences for crimes they have not yet committed. Two "pre-criminals", "Blotto" Otto Henck and Nicholas Crandall, manage against all the odds to serve out two full terms for murder in an off-world penal colony. They are returned to Earth as minor celebrities with the right to kill one person each.

"The Sickness"
This story first appeared in the November 1955-dated issue of Infinity Science Fiction. In the story, Earth finds itself on the brink of nuclear war between Russia and the United States. As a last-ditch symbolic gesture of peace and cooperation, the two nations launch a joint crewed venture to Mars. After finding an alien city there, a Russian and then American astronaut first come down with a sickness, then gain superhuman power.

"Winthrop Was Stubborn"
A story first published in Galaxy Science Fiction in August 1957, under the title "Time Waits for Winthrop". The future, via time travel, contacts the present. The present day travelers find themselves stranded in a hedonistic future. The oldest, Winthrop, refuses to return to the past thus leaving all of them trapped. In the present he was a bum, but in the future he's a curio and encouraged to indulge his tastes to the point of gluttony.

Reception
Anthony Boucher received the collection enthusiastically, describing the two novellas included as "models absolute of extrapolative wit and insight" while finding the shorter stories "of almost comparable quality."

Adaptations
The story "Time in Advance" was adapted in 1965 by Paul Erickson as one of twelve episodes of the first series of BBC anthology series Out of the Unknown. The episode survives, and has been released on DVD.

title: Time in Advance