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Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC

Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC is an American professional soccer team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded and beginning play in 1999, the club plays in the Eastern Conference of the USL Championship, the second tier of the American soccer pyramid. Since 2013, the Riverhounds have played their home games at the 5,000-seat Highmark Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Station Square. Their current head coach is Bob Lilley. Saint Lucian international David Flavius currently holds the club records for most appearances and goals which he set over his eight seasons with the Riverhounds between 1999 and 2006. In June 2017, the Riverhounds entered into a developmental partnership with the Ocean City Nor'easters of the Premier Development League, running through the 2018 season.

In 2013, the Riverhounds organization announced its intentions to join Major League Soccer by 2023; but have never submitted a formal bid during any of the league's rounds of expansion. Highmark Stadium initially seated 3,500 spectators, though the stadium is designed to be capable of being expanded to 18,500.

Colors and badge
Originally, the Riverhounds' colors were predominantly red with smaller amounts of black and white. Pittsburgh-based BD&E designed the original logo. The firm made a strategic decision not to make the club's colors black and gold. The choice meant the Hounds would not align with the region's established professional sports identity but would allow the soccer fans' jerseys to stand out in a Pittsburgh crowd. The club adopted new colors, predominantly blue with white and black added, before the start of the 2008 season to honor their academy and training partnership with Everton. The use of blue was also an allusion to the blue collar populace of Pittsburgh. Beginning in 2014, the Riverhounds began wearing black and gold uniforms more regularly, aligning the club with the colors representative of Pittsburgh's other professional sports teams. Blue and black kits continued to be worn as an alternate third version.

On February 16, 2018, the Riverhounds unveiled a new crest as part of its rebranding. The new crest incorporates traditional Pittsburgh sports colors with important symbols of the city such as bridges and rivers. The crest was designed by Oregon-based graphic designer Brian Gundell.

Sponsorship

 * Source(s):

Stadium
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC has played at Highmark Stadium, a 5,000 seat soccer-specific stadium in Station Square, since 2013. The stadium is owned and operated by the Riverhounds organization.

Supporters
In November 2007, the first supporters group of the Pittsburgh Riverhounds was formed, The Steel Army. The Steel Army held their first meeting at Piper's Pub in Pittsburgh's South Side. The group started as 5–10 local people interested in supporting the reorganized Riverhounds Soccer Club and in supporting the efforts of growing the sport of soccer in Western Pennsylvania as well.

Members are from Pittsburgh and nearby states like Ohio and distant states such as Oregon and Florida. Membership in the Steel Army is also international. Members have joined from Portsmouth, Sunderland, Surrey and Derbyshire in the U.K., Bray in the Republic of Ireland, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.

The section of Highmark Stadium where the Steel Army stands and supports the Riverhounds is located at the South Gate end of the stadium. The terrace there holds 1,000 supporters. On August 1, 2015, the supporters' section was renamed the Paul Child Stand in honor of Pittsburgh soccer legend Paul Child. The Steel Army had fierce rivalries with United Soccer League clubs Penn FC (Sons of Susquehanna) and the Rochester Rhinos (Oak Street Brigade) before both clubs moved to USL League One.

Team management
{|class="wikitable" !style="background:#FFC62C; color:black; border:2px solid #000;" scope="col" colspan=2|Front Office

!style="background:#FFC62C; color:black; border:2px solid #000;" scope="col" colspan=2|Coaching Staff

!style="background:#FFC62C; color:black; border:2px solid #000;" scope="col" colspan=2|Riverhounds Development Academy

Honors

 * USL Pro Soccer League
 * Atlantic Division Champions (1): 2004
 * USL Championship
 * Players' Shield (1): 2023
 * Eastern Conference Regular Season Champions (2): 2019 & 2023

Record
This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by the Riverhounds. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC seasons. 1. '''Avg. attendance''' include statistics from league matches only. 2. Top goalscorer(s) includes all goals scored in league, league playoffs, U.S. Open Cup, CONCACAF Champions League, FIFA Club World Cup, and other competitive continental matches.

title: Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC


text: User talk:66.215.118.117

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:66.215.118.117


text:
Joel Bakan

Joel Conrad Bakan (born 1959) is an American-Canadian writer, jazz musician, filmmaker, and professor at the School of Law of the University of British Columbia.

Born in Lansing, Michigan, and raised for most of his childhood in East Lansing, Michigan, where his parents, Paul and Rita Bakan, were both long-time professors in psychology at Michigan State University. In 1971, he moved with his parents to Vancouver, British Columbia. He was educated at Simon Fraser University (BA, 1981), University of Oxford (BA in law, 1983), Dalhousie University (LLB, 1984) and Harvard University (LLM, 1986).

He served as a law clerk to Chief Justice Brian Dickson in 1985. During his tenure as clerk, Dickson authored the judgment R v Oakes, among others. Bakan then pursued a master's degree at Harvard Law School. After graduation, he returned to Canada, where he has taught law at Osgoode Hall Law School of York University and the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law. He joined the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law in 1990 as an associate professor. Bakan teaches constitutional Law, contracts, socio-legal courses, and the graduate seminar. He has won the Faculty of Law's Teaching Excellence Award twice and a UBC Killam Research Prize.

Personal life
Bakan has a son from his first wife, Marlee Gayle Kline. Kline was a scholar and Professor of Law at the University of British Columbia before passing away due to leukemia in 2001. Bakan helped establish the Marlee Kline Memorial Lectures in Social Justice to commemorate her contributions to Canadian law and feminist legal theory. He is now married to Canadian actress and singer Rebecca Jenkins. His brother, Michael Bakan, is an ethnomusicologist.

Works
Bakan authored The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power (2003), a book analyzing the evolution and modern-day behavior of corporations from a critical perspective. It was made into a film The Corporation by directors Mark Achbar and Jennifer Abbott the same year and won 25 international awards. His book Childhood Under Siege: How Big Business Ruthlessly Targets Children was published in 2011. Joel Bakan writes in The Corporation:

"The law forbids any motivation for their actions, whether to assist workers, improve the environment, or help consumers save money. They can do these things with their own money, as private citizens. As corporate officials, however, stewards of other people’s money, they have no legal authority to pursue such goals as ends in themselves – only as means to serve the corporations own interests, which generally means to maximise the wealth of its shareholders. Corporate social responsibility is thus illegal – at least when its genuine."

He is the author of books on Canadian constitutional law, including Just Words: Constitutional Rights and Social Wrongs (1997).

Bakan and his wife Rebecca Jenkins released a jazz album, Blue Skies in 2008, an album of Jenkins' original songs, Something's Coming, in 2012, and Rebecca Jenkins: Live at the Cellar in 2014.

In 2020, he was codirector with Abbott of The New Corporation: The Unfortunately Necessary Sequel, a sequel to the original film version of The Corporation. A follow-up book The New Corporation: How "Good" Corporations Are Bad for Democracy was released in the same year.

Filmography

 * The Corporation (2003).
 * The New Corporation: The Unfortunately Necessary Sequel (2020).

title: Joel Bakan


text: User talk:70.112.203.235

title: User talk:70.112.203.235


text:
User talk:Teliwhy

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Whosyourjudas (talk) 06:10, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Nomination of Proton pack for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Proton pack is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Proton pack until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on good quality evidence, and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article.. -  Schmidt,  MICHAEL Q. 08:10, 25 February 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Teliwhy


text:
Long Player (album)

Long Player is the second album by the British rock group Faces, released in February 1971. Among the highlights are a live cover version of Paul McCartney's "Maybe I'm Amazed", the ballads "Richmond" and "Sweet Lady Mary", the party tune "Had Me a Real Good Time", and uptempo saloon bar rocker "Bad 'n' Ruin". Two tracks, "Maybe I'm Amazed" and "I Feel So Good", were recorded live at the Fillmore East, New York City, on 10 November 1970.

Background
A unique early mix of "Had Me a Real Good Time" appeared as a single ahead of the LP in November 1970, backed with the non-album instrumental "Rear Wheel Skid". While the latter track was eventually compiled to CD with the release of the Five Guys Walk into a Bar... box set of 2004, the different early mix of the A-side remains confined to the single and early vinyl editions of Snakes and Ladders / The Best of Faces in 1976.

A studio recording of "Maybe I'm Amazed" also appeared as the A-side of a standalone single release in the USA just ahead of the album itself. This track and its non-LP instrumental B-side "Oh Lord, I'm Browned Off" were rarities among Faces collectors until they were both compiled on the Five Guys Walk into a Bar... box set.

Also recorded during this period was the band's cover of the Temptations' "(I Know) I'm Losing You" which later appeared on lead singer Rod Stewart's solo album Every Picture Tells a Story rather than on a Faces release. The band's performance on the track was acknowledged with a 'thank-you' from Stewart in the LP's liner notes. The track was then released as a single credited to Rod Stewart and the Faces, but only in the USA. This practice led to increased murmurings of discontent in some quarters that Stewart's management was keeping the best Faces studio performances for Stewart's solo projects, to the detriment of the band as a unit.

Legacy
On 28 August 2015, Long Player was reissued in a remastered and expanded form, including two previously unreleased outtakes, "Whole Lotta Woman" and "Sham-Mozzal" (the latter actually being an early instrumental prototype of "Had Me a Real Good Time"). Two more live tracks from the Fillmore East show were also included.

The reissue used the U.S. cover artwork. It was also released at the same time in the above form as part of the complete recordings box set 1970-1975: You Can Make Me Dance, Sing or Anything. The album's companion singles (aside from the unique mix of "Had Me a Real Good Time" as detailed above) were included in the box set on an exclusive CD of rarities.

Track listing
Side one Side two
 * 1) "Bad 'n' Ruin" (Ian McLagan, Rod Stewart) – 5:30
 * 2) "Tell Everyone" (Ronnie Lane) – 4:22
 * 3) "Sweet Lady Mary" (Lane, Stewart, Ronnie Wood) – 5:40
 * 4) "Richmond" (Lane) – 3:05 (lead vocals: Ronnie Lane)
 * 5) "Maybe I'm Amazed" [Live at Fillmore East, New York 11/10/70] (Paul McCartney) – 5:35 (co-lead vocals: Rod Stewart, Ronnie Lane)
 * 1) "Had Me a Real Good Time" (Lane, Stewart, Wood) – 5:50
 * 2) "On the Beach" (Lane, Wood) – 4:15 (lead vocals: Ronnie Lane and Ron Wood)
 * 3) "I Feel So Good" [Live at Fillmore East, New York 11/10/70] (Big Bill Broonzy) – 8:50
 * 4) "Jerusalem" (instrumental) (Hubert Parry, William Blake – arr. Wood; erroneously credited as traditional) - 1:55

2015 reissue bonus tracks
 * 1) "Whole Lotta Woman" (Marvin Rainwater)
 * 2) "Tell Everyone" [Take 1] (Lane) (lead singer: Ronnie Lane)
 * 3) "Sham-Mozzal" [embryonic instrumental version of "Had Me A Real Good Time"] (Jones, Lane, McLagan, Wood)
 * 4) "Too Much Woman (For a Henpecked Man)" [Live at Fillmore East, New York 11/10/70] (Ike Turner)
 * 5) "Love in Vain" [Live at Fillmore East, New York 11/10/70] (Robert Johnson)

Note: "Sweet Lady Mary" incorrectly listed as 5:30 on record sleeve.

Personnel
Track numbering refers to CD and digital releases of the album.
 * Rod Stewart - lead vocals
 * Ronnie Lane - bass, acoustic guitar, percussion, backing vocals, lead vocal [tracks 4 & 7, first verse/harmony on track 5]
 * Ronnie Wood - lead, slide, acoustic and pedal steel guitars, backing vocals, co-lead vocal [track 7]
 * Ian McLagan - piano, organ and keyboards, backing vocals
 * Kenney Jones - drums and percussion
 * Bobby Keys - tenor saxophone on "Had Me a Real Good Time"
 * Harry Beckett - trumpet on "Had Me a Real Good Time"
 * Faces - production

Other information
Track numbering refers to CD and digital releases of the album. The album sleeve was originally a stitched-together facsimile of bootleg records as well as the old style 78 RPM singles, with the record label showing. The album was reissued in the mid 1970s as part of the double album 'Two Originals of The Faces' with record one being 'First Step'. Notes of dates for the live tracks use the US dating system - songs were performed and recorded on 10 November 1970.
 * Tracks 1 and 2 recorded with the Rolling Stones Mobile Studio. Engineered by Martin Birch.
 * Tracks 3, 4, 6 and 9 recorded at Morgan Sound Studios, London. Engineered by Mike Bobak.
 * Tracks 5 and 8 recorded live at Bill Graham's Fillmore East, New York. Engineered by Dave Palmer.
 * Track 7 recorded with Revox spare room unit. Engineer unknown.

title: Long Player (album)


text: Category:Seoul

title: Category:Seoul


text: Category talk:Seoul

title: Category talk:Seoul


text:
Talk:Stepin Fetchit

Untitled
Might want to cut out that part about his movies being "rarely screened", as Bend of the River is on basic cable on an almost bi-weekly basis. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.188.57.53 (talk • contribs) 06:16, 5 December 2004

Requested change in text
Fetchit → Perry – In some places in the text, the man is no longer "Fetchit". We now recognize that the term is overtly degrading to a man and to a entire people. Certainly, that the biography mentions his conversion to Islam indicates that it was a profound spiritual conversion. Obviously, he personally left that part of his life behind him after some point. Please allow the text to reflect that highly likely fact.
 * Add *Support or *Oppose followed by an optional one sentence explanation, then sign your vote with ~

 * Support. Amorrow 02:26, 4 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose this attempt by Amorrow to rewrite the policies of Wikipedia to suit their own politics. This originated at Linda Lovelace where Amorrow decided without consultation to move the article to Linda Susan Boreman, and when no one except Amorrow supported keeping the article at that location, made references to the mothers of other editors performing fellatio and made threats that these editors would find their own names on Wikipedia changed.  After not a single person supported Amorrow's move, they started another poll suggesting that in the text the stage name Linda Lovelace should be replaced by Linda "Lovelace", claiming in the preface of the poll that "If it were a matter of, for instance, race, rather than gender, there would be no question."  This article, Stepin Fetchit was raised to demonstrate that the claim was false:  when the image associated with the stage name was considered racially degrading in the POVs of many, not one person suggested that that POV would, with "no question", override the Wikipedia practice of locating the person's article under the name by which they are best known.  Rather than concede that their claim was incorrect, Amorrow has now included this page in their campaign to see political POVs be considered more important than simple considerations of what name is most likely to be searched for and linked to. -- Antaeus Feldspar 04:55, 4 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Strongly Oppose. There is no reason why this article should be moved to a name under which no one is likely to search.  By all means place a redirect at Perry.  Amorrow's attitude is revealed in the comment below.  Unbelievable.  Quill 23:19, 4 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Uh, I did not ask to rename the page. I just wanna change two places near the end of the text from Fetchit to Perry.  You got this guy as a slave, and you are never gonna let go of him, are you. Amorrow 23:23, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Oh, come off it.
Come on. I am just trying to show some sweet ol' dead n*gg*r just a shred of respect. Why will you not let me do that? He was a nice man when he was alive. Where does it say in the policy, that once you have the dirt on someone, that you have to use it to pulverize them or their legacy into tinier and tinier worthless pieces? Amorrow 08:13, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I wonder whether you are cognizant of the fact that you are trying to treat dead people with "respect" by denying them equality. Your arguments constantly revolve around the assumption that the choice between Lincoln Perry and Stepin Fetchit is a "matter of race" and the choice between Linda Boreman and Linda Lovelace is a "matter of gender".  Why are you convinced that you are some shining light to the nations, showing them the way to justice and equality -- through discrimination on the basis of race and gender?

 * The principle that Wikipedia uses is blind to race. It is blind to gender.  It is blind to orientation.  It is blind to whether the image associated with a name is considered the paragon of humanity, or the watchword of degradation.  It is blind to whether that image will change with time as images so often do.  It is blind to everything except "is this the name by which this person is best known?"

 * Do you really think your efforts to protect, quote, "some sweet ol' dead n*gg*r" are a sign of your enlightenment, when they are founded on the idea that, even after death, his very race makes him need your patriarchal protection? You seem to think that you were only being ironic when you referred to Mr. Perry as if he were some mascot for whom you felt a condescending affection.  I'd suggest that this is closer to the reality of your attitude than you are capable of seeing or admitting; you are still treating people as second-class citizens based on race and gender, and the fact that it's 'second-class citizens who couldn't possibly be expected to live by the same rules as white males' is not a great step up from 'second-class citizens who couldn't possibly be expected to exercise the same rights as white males'. -- Antaeus Feldspar 23:50, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Look at that last line:

Stepin Fetchit converted to Islam in the 1960s. I cannot think of any normal, thinking person who would be proud to have written that line. It is so out-of-touch with reality. It might show up in, maybe, the National Enquirer. Tell me: what it your problem with Perry converted to Islam in the 1960s. Is it like, you cannot keep track of all the different people on that page or something because it is just so confusing? OK, OK. It is wrong of me to be so sarcastic, but look at what we are talking about here. I realize that the guy dead and this does not mean squat to him or his descendents. Let us try this: Shirley Temple. Why does she get: Mrs. Black received honorary doctorates... Should that not be simply this? Temple received honorary doctorates... or maybe even Shirley received honorary doctorates... or maybe even Shirley Temple received honorary doctorates... Go change that, why don't you? I dare you to. Amorrow 01:31, 5 August 2005 (UTC)
 * "OK, OK. It is wrong of me to be so sarcastic ..." ... What, you only just started realizing there was anything inappropriate about your behavior? -- Antaeus Feldspar 03:48, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Uh, what I did to some unexpecting grade school teachers might be consider "behavior". It was labeled as "Conduct" on my report card.  You have only experienced me as I sit and type.  You want to accuse me of a thought crime?  Guilty as charged!  I am sure there are those who, upon recognizing that we share the same air on this planet, find it offensive that I breathe at all.  Too bad for them!  They simply have not yet tried hard enough to find out what it is about me that they might find to be genuinely enjoyable.  I noticed that you managed restrain yourself from applying the template of childhood stardom to Mrs. Black.  Surely, everybody knows her for that more than anything else she has done.  I am sure that she appreciates your restraint and good judgement on that matter.

 * Consider adding pov tag::

This is a nice article, but it clearly has a pro-Perry bias (e.g. 2nd sentence of intro, also "Perry was an actor in the truest sense of the word," etc.). It reads more like a retrospective on Perry's career than it does an encyclopedia article. Although it does present both sides of the argument, numerous times it asserts that one side (the pro-Perry side) is correct. Probably should get the pov tag or a re-write. --66.67.213.241 15:05, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

Selected filmography
As per Wikipedia is not a collection of lists, I have again reverted the edits by anonymous vandal  (who never adds a summary to their edits), reduced the Filmography section to just the films that have Wiki articles, and renamed it to "Selected filmography" ... people can click the IMDb External link at the end of the article to see his full filmography with links to information about each of the films.

I have also used  19xx  tags for the years of the films, something that 24.15.217.4 does not appear to understand, since they seem to think that just linking  19xx  somehow has some encyclopedic value ... they have removed or reverted the "year in film" links in other articles as well.

Anonymous edits without comments may be revereted by anyone. -- 15:16, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Stepin fetchit.jpg
Image:Stepin fetchit.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:24, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

Convert to Islam? Are we sure?
I'm not sure about the source that claims Stepin Fetchit converted to Islam. But I just read an interview with him dated 1971 in which Stepin proudly speaks of how he had been a communicant of the Roman Catholic Church his entire life.

Source: Joseph McBride and Stepin Fechit. "Stepin Fechit Talks Back." Film Quarterly. Vol. 24, No. 4 (Summer, 1971), pp. 20-26.Spacelord (talk) 06:28, 5 October 2010 (UTC)

Stage Name Contradiction
Maybe I'm just misreading the article, in which case possibly someone can add some clarity, but there appears to be a contradiction regarding his stage name. In the Early Life section, it says "He performed a vaudeville act with a partner, with the two of them being known as "Step" and "Fetchit." When Perry became a solo act he combined the two names, which later became his professional name." So he got the name Stepin Fetchit from his vaudeville act. Then just three sentences later it says, "According to his entry in Ephraim Katz's The Film Encyclopedia, he borrowed his screen name from a racehorse that won him some money in his pre-Hollywood days." So he got the name Stepin Fetchit from a horse he bet on. Both read as a statement of fact, but clearly they can't both be correct. Superman7515 (talk) 15:17, 4 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Unless he knew of a racehorse named “Stepin Fetchin,” and he and his partner decided to split the name into two for their vaudeville act, in which case he could have recombined the names for his stage name. I’m not saying that this is true—I really have no idea—all I’m saying is that, if this is true, then your claim that the two statements “can’t both be correct” would not be correct.  (Again, I’ve no clue whether both claims are true, only one of the claims is true, or neither of the claims is true.)  allixpeeke (talk) 12:05, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

1954-1971
He apparently stopped making movies during this period, which is quite lengthy, but the article doesn't provide any reason for this. Perhaps someone out there can add an explanation of this to the article? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.34.0.203 (talk) 02:58, 1 December 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Stepin Fetchit. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20120913052745/http://movies.nytimes.com:80/person/23285/Stepin-Fetchit to http://movies.nytimes.com/person/23285/Stepin-Fetchit

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No edit here. Just an additional facet. I saw and met Stepin Fetchit doing a wonderful stand-up routine in Louisville Kentucky somewhere between 1963 and 1968 at the Office Lounge. It was a great performance and I will remember it till my passing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.28.197.174 (talk) 01:40, 3 June 2016 (UTC)

thank have a good life — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.85.235.229 (talk) 18:43, 8 February 2017 (UTC)

Jamaican?
Can someone please add a reference which backs up the claims that this person was of Jamaican heritage because the "other sources" which state that his father was from the Bahamas seems to be the ONLY source provided and therefore nullifies the un-referenced claim in the introduction that he was "of Jamaican heritage". Also seeing as the mother was from the Bahamas perhaps it would be appropriate to state that clearly in the Early Life section rather than putting the name of the city alone to further reinforce the illusion of Jamaican heritage for people who have no idea where Nassau is and might assume that it is in Jamaica given the statement that he is "of Jamaican heritage" in the introduction. Lastly if some evidence can be found that the father was Jamaican then the claim in the introduction is still incorrect as it fails to mention his Bahamian heritage so perhaps "of West Indian heritage" would be better if the claim can be verified. Iynx (talk) 06:52, 22 May 2019 (UTC)

Really reviled by (a majority of) black Americans at the time?
The article makes this point.....NPR claims it (without a source)...but is there really solid evidence of this? As a parallel: this is also claimed frequently about Amos & Andy. But the evidence there is mixed. (See the article for more info.) I just find it difficult to believe (in the 1950's). To be sure there was activism by organizations and publications (like the NAACP) against this sort of thing.....but the NAACP didn't/doesn't speak for all African-Americans on all issues.Rja13ww33 (talk) 21:44, 4 March 2020 (UTC)

Contracts
"In 1930, Hal Roach signed him to a film contract to appear in nine Our Gang episodes in 1930 to 1931. He was in the 1929-30 film A Tough Winter; his contract was cancelled after its release. " Do these two sentences refer to the same contract? That is, was his agreement to appear in Our Gang terminated after he appeared in A Tough Winter? Was there something about the latter film that changed the studio's attitude towards him? --Khajidha (talk) 12:10, 12 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Nevermind. I modified it based on the A Tough Winter article. The previous version didn't even make it clear that ATW was an Our Gang film.--Khajidha (talk) 12:14, 12 July 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stepin Fetchit


text:
Aina

Aina may refer to:

 * Aina (given name)

Places

 * Aina (Crete), a town of ancient Crete
 * Aïna River, a river in Cameroon and Gabon
 * Aina, Iran, a village in Kermanshah Province, Iran

Art and entertainment

 * Aina (1977 film), a 1977 Pakistani film
 * Aina (2013 film), a Pakistani romantic drama film
 * Aina (band), a 2003 progressive metal supergroup, and their album, Aina, Days of Rising Doom
 * Aina (book), a Nepalese book by Ramlal Joshi
 * Aina Indou, a character from the .hack// franchise

Acronyms

 * AINA (organization), a French non-governmental organization based in Kabul
 * Arctic Institute of North America, a research institute and educational organization located in the University of Calgary
 * Association of Inland Navigation Authorities, Membership organisation for navigation authorities in the UK
 * Assyrian International News Agency

Other uses

 * Aina the End, a Japanese singer and idol

title: Aina


text:
User talk:Brettr

Speedy deletion nomination of Jorg Colberg
Your input would be greatly appreciated Articles for deletion/Jörg Colberg

APlacerville (talk) 20:06, 4 July 2016 (UTC)

There's the pontificating section completed....thanx so much for your input.

For a second time, are you going to verify the attempted murder allegations or remove them?

Please let me know within seven (7) days of this message. If I don't hear, regretably I'll have 2 follow Wikipedia procedures.

Kevin Herbert (talk) 02:43, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

Don't worry, maaaaate...I've been widely circulating your amateur journalism entry re the Vince Jones attempted murder to my contacts in the music industry, and in the music press. They think the attempted murder proposition is very funny, given there is no evidence on the public record, in support of the claim. One leading music journo has confirmed that he's going to seek confirmation of your allegation directly with Vince's management. Careful there, Scoop...it could all end badly for you....and for Vince..it would be a shame to have possibly Australia's finest modern recording artist's reputation impugned by dimwitted journalism on your part.

As for my approach to Wikipedia, I'll wait & see if you get to hang yourself first.

Sayonara Scoop

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:54, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Brettr


text: User talk:66.245.201.200

title: User talk:66.245.201.200


text:
Julie Benz

Julie Benz (born May 1, 1972 ) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Darla on Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel (1997–2004), and as Rita Bennett on Dexter (2006–2010), for which she won the 2006 Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress and the 2009 Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Benz has also starred in the television series Roswell (1999–2000), Desperate Housewives (2010), No Ordinary Family (2010–2011), A Gifted Man (2011–2012), Defiance (2013–2015), Hawaii Five-0 (2015–2017), Training Day (2017) and Love, Victor (2021).

Her film credits include Jawbreaker (1999), The Brothers (2001), Rambo (2008), Saw V (2008), Punisher: War Zone (2008), and The Boondock Saints II: All Saints Day (2009).

Early life and education
Benz was born in Pittsburgh. Her mother, Joanne Marie (née Seemiller), was a figure skater, and her father, George Benz, Jr., is a surgeon in Pittsburgh.

The family settled in nearby Murrysville, Pennsylvania, when Benz was two, and she started ice skating when she was three.

She attended and graduated from Franklin Regional High School in Murrysville.

When Benz was 14, she suffered a stress fracture in her right leg and had to take time off from skating. The following year, at age 15, Benz says she was told by an acting coach that she would never succeed as an actress. "I remember the teacher telling me I should not even try acting. I still have the report card where she was like, 'You will never be an actor. Your voice is horrible.' That was the best thing that ever happened to me because I was like, 'I'll show you'," she later said.

By 1989, with her figure skating career over, Benz became involved in local theater and was cast in the play Street Law. Her first film role was a small speaking part in "The Black Cat" segment of the Dario Argento/George A. Romero horror film Two Evil Eyes (1990). A year later, she was cast in the TV show Hi Honey, I'm Home! (1991), which was cancelled after two seasons.

After graduating from high school in 1990, Benz studied acting at New York University.

Career
After graduating from New York University in 1993, she moved to Los Angeles. Two weeks after her move, she obtained a bit part in a 1994 episode of Married... with Children, playing a girl who wanted to lose her virginity to Bud Bundy. Her subsequent roles included an unaired Aaron Spelling television pilot Crosstown Traffic. She starred in another unaired TV pilot called Empire in 1995. Her other TV shows included Hang Time, High Tide, Step by Step, and Boy Meets World, plus a small role in the television film The Barefoot Executive.

During the 1990s, her acting career was varied and steady. She had an uncredited role in Black Sheep and her appearance in Diagnosis: Murder as top figure skater "Julie" allowed her to demonstrate her skating talent. Later TV appearances included characters on Sliders and The Single Guy. She played Christy in the television film Hearts Adrift and a lead role as Julie Falcon in Darkdrive.

In 1996, Benz auditioned for the role of Buffy Summers for the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, but lost the role to Sarah Michelle Gellar. However, she was offered the small role of the vampire Darla, in the pilot episode. Her performance was so well-received that her part was expanded to a few more episodes.

This role helped launch her career and Julie appeared in guest appearances in more TV shows such as The Big Easy and Fame L.A., along with a small role as a receptionist in the film As Good as It Gets (1997). She starred in the short spoof film Eating Las Vegas and the unaired TV pilot Veronica's Video, had a small uncredited role in the television film A Walton Easter, and a small role in Inventing the Abbotts.

In 1998, she had a recurring role as Joplin Russell in the TV show Ask Harriet, then guest starred on both Conrad Bloom and The King of Queens. She made two films, the dark comedy Jawbreaker and Dirt Merchant, before landing a lead role in the TV series Payne, an American remake of the British sitcom Fawlty Towers. It was cancelled after eight episodes had aired.

Benz reprised her role as Darla in 2000 for the Buffy the Vampire Slayer spin-off series Angel, appearing in every season for at least one episode. Julie was a guest host for the TV show Rendez-View, cast as Ellie Sparks in Glory Days and appeared in the unaired pilot; however, she left the show. Later, she guest-starred on She Spies, was in the featured cast for the miniseries Taken, did various voices for the video game Hot Shots Golf Fore!, appeared in the short film The Midget Stays in the Picture, and took over the role of Ursula for George of the Jungle 2.

Benz appeared in Peacemakers, Coupling, NCIS, and Oliver Beene. She landed the lead role of Annie Garrett in the television film The Long Shot and provided the voice of Miranda Keyes for the video game Halo 2, though she did not return to the role in the sequel Halo 3, as Bungie wanted to try a new direction with the Miranda Keyes voice by giving the character an accent. She portrayed Danielle in the direct-to-DVD film Bad Girls from Valley High in 2005. She had a small role in the critically acclaimed television film Lackawanna Blues.

In the Sci-Fi Channel original film Locusts: The 8th Plague, she played the lead female role Vicky. She also appeared in the straight-to-DVD film 8mm 2 as Lynn. The film was originally called The Velvet Side of Hell and was not supposed to be a sequel to 8MM. Benz appeared in episodes of Supernatural, CSI: Miami, Law & Order, and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. She had a supporting role in the Swedish independent film Kill Your Darlings (2006), a lead role in the television film Circle of Friends (2006), and joined the cast of the TV show Dexter as Rita Bennett, Dexter Morgan's girlfriend and eventual wife. Benz played a lead role in the fifth film of the popular Saw horror franchise, Saw V, as Brit, a real estate developer who is one of Jigsaw's five victims. Benz had a supporting role in Punisher: War Zone as Angela and co-starred with Sylvester Stallone in Rambo (2008), the fourth film of the series.

She played the title role in the short film Kidnapping Caitlynn, written by her close friend Jenny Mollen, which premiered at the Vail Film Festival 2009 and was released online April 6, 2009. She starred in the television film Held Hostage as Michelle Estey. in July. She also starred in the television film Uncorked (2009) as Johnny Prentiss which premiered in the UK in July 2009. She is the lead female character Special Agent Eunice Bloom in The Boondock Saints II: All Saints Day which had a limited release on October 30, 2009, and was released on DVD March 9, 2010. She has been cast in another indie film called Bedrooms as Anna. She played Frankie in the 2011 film Answers to Nothing.

Benz appeared on The Soup with Joel McHale. Benz next took a recurring role on Desperate Housewives as Robin Gallagher, a stripper with a heart of gold and a master's degree in education who gets offered the chance to transition into a more legitimate career. The character of Robin is further developed when the audience discovers she is a lesbian and begins an affair with housewife Katherine Mayfair (Dana Delany). After the fourth season finale of Dexter, in which her character is murdered, Benz returned for the fifth-season premiere in a flashback scene.

In early 2010, ABC announced that Benz had landed a lead role as Stephanie Powell in the network's drama pilot No Ordinary Family. Production of the series commenced the following May and it premiered on September 28, 2010, as part of the 2010–11 season.

On May 13, 2011, No Ordinary Family was cancelled after one season with only 20 episodes filmed. In 2011, she was cast in the new CBS TV show A Gifted Man. Originally a co-star, she was later downgraded to a recurring role. A Gifted Man was cancelled by CBS in May 2012 after one season of 16 episodes. She was cast in the television film Ricochet as Elise Laird. Benz played the lead female role, Mayor Amanda Rosewater, in the science fiction series Defiance and also starred in the film Supremacy and the unaired TV pilot Middle Ages.

In 2015, Benz landed a recurring role in the CBS series Hawaii Five-O, playing the latest team member and Chin Ho's girlfriend, Abby Dunn. She also starred in the television film Charming Christmas.

In 2021, she guest-starred in the TV series Love, Victor.

Personal life
Benz married actor John Kassir on May 30, 1998. She filed for divorce in December 2007.

In 2011, she became engaged to Rich Orosco. They married on May 5, 2012.

title: Julie Benz


text:
Aribo of Austria

Aribo (or Arbo; c. 850 – after 909) was margrave (comes terminalis, "frontier count") of the Carolingian March of Pannonia from 871 until his death. He is recognised as a progenitor of the Aribonid dynasty.

In his day, the Pannonian march, also called marcha orientalis, corresponded to a front along the Danube river from the Bavarian Traungau up to Szombathely (Savaria) and the Rába river, including the Vienna Basin. Aribo was originally appointed by the East Frankish king Louis the German to succeed the Wilhelminer brothers William and Engelschalk I, after they died on campaign against the forces of the Great Moravian realm. This has been used to support the hypothesis that he was a brother-in-law of the two margraves.

Aribo maintained peace with Prince Svatopluk of Moravia and it paid off when, in 882, the sons of the late margraves Engelschalk I and William, led by Engelschalk II, rebelled against him, claiming their rights to the march. The Carolingian emperor Charles the Fat confirmed Aribo's position and Engelschalk II turned to Arnulf of Carinthia, Aribo's southern neighbour, for support. Svatopluk, however, entered the Wilhelminer War on the side of Aribo and the emperor. In 884, peace returned to the marcha.

A sign of Aribo's strength after this was that he was unable to be unseated by Arnulf when the latter succeeded as King of East Francia in 887. In 893, Arnulf appointed Engelschalk II to a portion of the Pannonian march over Aribo's head. Aribo never reconciled with Arnulf after the Wilhelimner War and his contacts with the Moravians were kept secure. After his falling out, his son Isanrich got Moravian support against Arnulf. Around 905, Margrave Aribo issued a customs code concerning the trade along the Danube river at Raffelstetten. He survived the disastrous Battle of Pressburg, whereafter most of the margravial territory was lost. He last appeared in a 909 deed, when he and Archbishop Pilgrim of Salzburg were vested with Altmünster Abbey by King Louis the Child.

Aribo allegedly died hunting wisents. His descendants of the Aribonid family rose to the most powerful Bavarian dynasties. They held the Archbishopric of Salzburg and the office of a Bavarian count palatine in the 10th century, but eventually were pushed out of power in the Duchy of Bavaria by the Liutpoldings.

title: Aribo of Austria


text:
Van's Aircraft RV-4

The Van's RV-4 is an American light homebuilt aircraft supplied in kit form by Van's Aircraft of Aurora, Oregon. It seats two people in a tandem seating configuration with the pilot accommodated in the front seat.

The Van's RV series has become the most popular kit-built aircraft in the world. , the RV-4 is the fourth most popular RV model.

As of November 2022, 1446 RV-4s had been completed and flown worldwide.

Development
Richard VanGrunsven designed the RV-4 in the mid 1970s as a two-seat development of the single-seat RV-3. The RV-4 prototype first flew in August 1979.

The RV-4 is a new design based upon the concepts proven in the RV-3 and is not merely a stretched RV-3. The RV-4 airframe will accept a range of engines up to 180 hp, including the Lycoming O-360. The RV-4 has a new wing, with increased wingspan and wing area over the RV-3. The RV-4 is designed for sport aerobatics.

The RV-4 has proven to be a capable cross country aircraft in service, able to carry two modest sized people and baggage on longer trips. RV-4s have been flown around the world, notably by an Australian, Jon Johanson, who completed world-girdling RV-4 flights on two occasions.

Many larger people find the RV-4 cockpit design physically constraining, and as a result VanGrunsven has designed an entire family of derivative designs. The RV-6 was designed to allow side-by-side seating, and the RV-8 was created as an enlarged aircraft that follows the RV-4's philosophy and offers tandem seating in a bigger aircraft.

Unlike most later RV series designs, RV-4 kits are only available with conventional landing gear, although some may have been constructed in tricycle configuration by builders. At least two RV-4s have also been built with retractable landing gear (mostly for the engineering challenge, as the performance gains were modest).

Variants

 * RV-4
 * Basic version

 * Harmon Rocket II
 * Higher performance derivative of the RV4, with clipped wings, a 300 hp Lycoming IO-540 engine and a razorback turtledeck.

title: Van's Aircraft RV-4


text:
Talk:Uncle Fester (author)

Q: can phosphoric acid be used in place of redphosphorus in the initial reaction?

No, but Hypophosphorous Acid can be used in place of Red Phosphorus. Check one of the new rhodium mirrors.

Neutral
I just wanted to note that I originally created this page because Uncle Fester is a common name in Clandestine chemistry. I invited Fester to add some personal information, and he did. I noticed that when he added the information to the page, he did it in a not-so-neutral point of view. The neutral problem was at the fault of Fester, I should have explained to him more clearly about the rules of this online encyclopedia.

--Ddhix 2002 18:44, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It's cool. The article seems OK to me now at any rate. - Ta bu shi da yu 07:48, 11 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Ditto, the article doesn't seem to have any major problems with POV now. I removed the POV warning. bethenco 01:33, 3 February 2006 (UTC)
 * The entire article still seems to have, as Ddhix mentioned, a rather personal slant to it. I'm reinstating the POV warning.--Mmoople 05:54, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

The new addition about Eugene John Wolf, the "real uncle Fester" seems out of place. If Eugene Wolf is legitimately deserving of an entry in wikipedia he should have his own page & a link to it from the disambiguation page. And, of course, appropriate citations.Kaiser Vinny 02:01, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

Regarding the sentence in the Documentary section:

"Preisler was the object of the 40-minute documentary film "Friction", by Robert Ellman, made at a cost of approximately $300,000, whose premiere on Czech Television was cancelled after the September 11 attacks rendered the topic "politically incorrect".[3]"

While the term "politically incorrect" is in quotation marks, I'm not sure it represents a neutral perspective. The term is usually used in opposition to a stated perspective or as a condemnation. The referenced article does not say anything relating to the cancellation of the broadcast of the documentary and political correctness. Perhaps a more neutral phrasing could be employed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.31.40.115 (talk) 00:24, 2 June 2013 (UTC)

Material not appropriate for an ecyclopedia.
What material here is not appropriate for an ecyclopedia?

Please explain or otherwise state objections to removing the notice. --ΔΜ (talk) 05:43, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

Appropriate for an encyclopedia.
I don't see the problem with this article either, in fact I would love to see more of this sort. I suspect the motives of anyone that tries to remove articles of this nature

anon —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.243.216.19 (talk) 04:48, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I would characterize the quality of the writing as poor, and specifically much too conversational. The article should be better organized - several sentences criticize the various books' processes but are scattered throughout the main body of text. However, to say that this material is inappropriate for an encyclopedia is ridiculous. 218.25.32.210 (talk) 03:06, 10 September 2009 (UTC)

How are these books legal?
Please explain how such books can be legal. -- 92.229.152.64 (talk) 00:00, 24 April 2010 (UTC)

Because of the 1st Amendment.. Also the DEA knows that these methods are largely out of date with virtually all the precursors being illegal and/or heavily controlled. Fester mentions on Usenet that nowadays one would have to steal or divert these chemicals from industry or import them from a country like Mexico. Fester is making complicated organic chem synthesis methods "easier" for a lay person to perform; the original synthesis routes can be found online, copied directly from the source and are significantly more scientific, precise and assume you actually have a chemistry background. I just read the Silent Killers book on the net and I don't think in a post 9/11 world (I dislike that term) this book would get published- the outcry from public figures would be great and severe; even OJ couldn't publish his "If I Did It" book... In the preface Fester seems to complain that murders reach for a "gun or club" and not the "sophisticated" methods like some of the world's deadliest compounds. The narrative of this book is just plain scary, but if States have trouble creating many of these exotic compounds I would bet a lot more people have died or have been seriously injured trying to make or consuming meth and LSD than people murdered using solely Fester's methods. However, a text like this could inspire an individual with the intent to kill to kill scores of people, probably not by creating any substance in this book, but from stealing readymade industrial chemicals like chlorine gas. I would die of sleep deprivation after I wrote or published just one of these books. 76.23.15.109 (talk) 06:21, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Vest Busters
"   * Vest Busters, Fester's smallest book, describes easy methods for creating Teflon coated bullets, and other vest penetrating ammunition. It has since been determined that the addition of a Teflon coating to a projectile has little or no effect on its ability to penetrate bullet-resistant vests.[citation needed]"

This line gives the impression that the book was only about applying a Teflon coating to bullets. On the contrary, it describes methods of turning down steel on a lathe and later coat it with Teflon, since bullets have to be jacketed with some soft metal or Teflon to keep from damaging the barrel. Steel bullets are known for significantly increasing penetration of various types of armor, including the Kevlar vests worn by police. Teflon has been proven to increase bullet velocity, which also increases penetration of armors. A lead cored Teflon coated bullet may not reach a high enough velocity to penetrate armor, but a Teflon coated steel bullet certainly would.

I'm getting the impression that whoever wrote this section of the article never read the book in question.--SlapChopVincent (talk) 00:26, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

Name Change/inconsistent
The article switches back and forth between using his real name and pen name. This makes the article a bit confusing. I would change it but don't know which name would be best to use.

Notability?
Thoughts on if this meets notability under either WP:CREATIVE or WP:CRIME? Surv1v4l1st ╠Talk║Contribs╣ 00:14, 29 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Uncle Fester (author)


text:
Odes of Solomon

The Odes of Solomon are a collection of 42 odes attributed to Solomon. There used to be confusion among scholars on the dating of the Odes of Solomon; however, most scholars date it to somewhere between 70-125 AD. The original language of the Odes is thought to have been either Greek or Syriac, and the majority of scholars believe it to have been written by a Jewish Christian, very likely a convert from the Essene community to Christianity, because it contains multiple similarities to writings found in Qumran and to the Gospel of John. Some have argued that the writer had even personally seen John the Baptist

A minority of scholars have suggested a Gnostic origin, but this theory is not widely supported.

Manuscript history
The earliest extant manuscripts of the Odes of Solomon date from around the end of the 3rd century and the beginning of the 4th century: the Coptic Pistis Sophia, a Latin quote of a verse of Ode 19 by Lactantius, and the Greek text of Ode 11 in Papyrus Bodmer XI. Before the 18th century, the Odes were only known through Lactantius' quotation of one verse and their inclusion in two lists of religious literature.

The British Museum purchased the Pistis Sophia (Codex Askewianus, now British Library Add MS 5114) in 1785. The Coptic manuscript, a codex of 174 leaves, was probably composed in the late 3rd century. The manuscript contains the complete text of two of the Odes, portions of two others, and what is believed to be Ode 1 (this ode is unattested in any other manuscript and may not be complete). Pistis Sophia is a Gnostic text composed in Egypt, perhaps a translation from Greek with Syrian provenance.

After the discovery of portions of the Odes of Solomon in Pistis Sophia, scholars searched to find more complete copies. In 1909, James Rendel Harris discovered a pile of forgotten leaves from a Syriac manuscript lying on a shelf in his study. Unfortunately, all he could recall was that they came from the 'neighbourhood of the Tigris'. The manuscript (Cod. Syr. 9 in the John Rylands Library) is the most complete of the extant texts of the Odes. The manuscript begins with the second strophe of the first verse of Ode 3 (the first two odes have been lost). The manuscript gives the entire corpus of the Odes of Solomon through to the end of Ode 42. Then the Psalms of Solomon (earlier Jewish religious poetry that is often bound with the later Odes) follow, until the beginning of Psalm 17:38 and the end of the manuscript has been lost. However, the Harris manuscript is a late copy — certainly no earlier than the 15th century.

In 1912, F. C. Burkitt discovered an older manuscript of the Odes of Solomon in the British Museum (now British Library Add MS 14538). The Codex Nitriensis came from the Monastery of the Syrian in Wadi El Natrun, sixty miles west of Cairo. It presents Ode 17:7b to the end of Ode 42, followed by the Psalms of Solomon in one continuous numbering. Nitriensis is written in far denser script than the Harris manuscript, which often makes it illegible. However, Nitriensis is earlier than Harris by about five centuries (although Mingana dated it to the 13th century).

In 1955–6, Martin Bodmer acquired a number of manuscripts. Papyrus Bodmer XI appears to be a Greek scrap-book of Christian religious literature compiled in Egypt in the 3rd century. It includes the entirety of Ode 11 (headed ΩΔΗ ΣΟΛΟΜΩΝΤΟϹ), which includes a short section in the middle of the Ode that does not occur in the Harris version of it. Internal evidence suggests that this additional material is original to the Ode, and that the later Harris manuscript has omitted it.

Language and date
Although earlier scholars thought the Odes were originally written in Greek or Hebrew, there is now a consensus that Syriac/Aramaic was the original language. Their place of origin seems likely to have been the region of Syria. Estimates of the date of composition range from the first to the third century AD, with many settling on the second century. Some have claimed that Ode 4 discusses the closing of the temple at Leontopolis in Egypt, which would date this writing about 73 AD. One of the strong arguments for an early date is the discovery of references to, and perhaps even quotations from, the Odes in the writings of St. Ignatius of Antioch. Possible allusions were also made by Justin Martyr and Irenaeus, which also supports an early date. The Odes have clear similarities to the Gospel of John, which suggests the writer was in the same community as where the book was written.

There is wide agreement that the Odes are related to the Gospel of John and the Dead Sea scrolls, thus Charlesworth concludes that the writer was an Essene convert to the Johannine community.

Liturgical use
The Odes of Solomon were, perhaps, composed for liturgical use. In the Syriac manuscripts, all of the Odes end with a hallelujah, and the Harris manuscript marks this word in the middle of an ode by the Syriac letter hê (ܗ). The use of plural imperative and jussive verb-forms suggest that on occasion a congregation is being addressed. Bernard, Aune, Pierce and others who have commented on the Odes find in them clear early baptismal imagery — water is an ever-present theme (floods, drinking the living waters, drowning and the well-spring) as is the language of conversion and initiation. Charlesworth has led the criticism of this view.

Evangelism
The Odes reflect a surprising emphasis on spreading the knowledge of God, and conversion of others.

According to James H. Charlesworth, "the key characteristic in these hymns is a joyous tone of thanksgiving for the advent of the Messiah who had been promised (cf. Ode 7:1-6; 41:3-7) and for the present experience of eternal life and love from and for the Beloved (3:1-9; 11:1-24; 23:1-3; 26:1-7; 40:1-6)".

Theology
Though there is some dispute, according to Chadwick the Odes are likely part of the proto-Orthodox Christian strain, with slight differences, as Odist appears to have mixed ideas from the Essene community with Christianity. Others, such as James White, have argued that the book is influenced by Gnosticism.

Soteriology
It has been argued by some that the Odes support the doctrine of predestination; for example, they state, "And before they had existed, I recognized them; and imprinted a seal on their faces." Others, however, do not agree with the conclusion that the book may be interpreted as teaching any kind of unconditional election, arguing that the writer had in mind, not unconditional election, but election based on foreknowledge.

According to the American New Testament scholar Thomas R. Schreiner, the soteriology of the Odes is highly grace oriented being underlined by a doctrine of election and he argued the writer saw salvation as a work of God which is not accomplished by human merit. Thomas R. Schreiner and Brian J. Arnold argued that the book supports a form of imputed righteousness.

Eschatology
The book makes mention of the Antichrist figuratively, using the word "dragon" for the Antichrist.

The Odes perhaps references the general resurrection.

Christology
Some have argued that the book has docetic leanings, however it also appears to suggest that the birth of Jesus, though miraculous, was still a human birth, which would contradict docetism. It is also plausible that Ignatius of Antioch who opposed docetism (or vice versa) referenced the Odes of Solomon in his writings. Odes 8:5-6 have also been argued to refer to the resurrection of Christ. Moreover, the strong ties of the Odes to the Johannine works suggests against docetism.

The Odes of Solomon mention Christ as the Logos and that he is pre-existent. The Odes contain many common Christian teachings, such as the Messiah is the Son of God and the atonement of Jesus. The Odist calls Jesus both the son of Man and Son of God.

The Odes possibly contain the earliest non-biblical attestation of the virgin birth, depending on the date of writing.

The book mentions the mother of the Messiah, he alludes to his death by crucifixion and his descent into Hades.

Trinity
The book mentions the "Father, Son and the Holy Spirit" and seem to have trinitarian theology without any indications of subordinationism unlike later Tertullian and Origen would have.

Baptism
The book also apparently makes allusions to baptism but not to the Eucharist. Possible baptismal themes include renewal (Ode 36:5), new creation (Ode 15:8, 21:3), the sealing of the Holy Spirit (Ode 4:7), entry into paradise (Ode 11:16), the Trinitarian formula (Ode 23:22), and circumcision (Ode 11). The presence of these themes has led some scholars to argue that the Odes are a collection of baptismal hymns. The writer seems to have been influenced by Jewish apocalyptic thought and mysticism.

Other
The Odist perhaps has an understanding of "priesthood of all believers", seeing himself as an individual priest offering spiritual sacrifices. And the book contains an explicit affirmation of the immortality of the soul.

The Odes says that Mary had no pain during childbirth and the midwife was absent, which suggests the doctrine of virginitas in partu meaning that Mary was still a virgin after childbirth. The statement could also be an allusion to the Exodus story, where Jewish women had very quick childbirth, which is why the Egyptian midwives could not come fast enough.

Relation to the Psalms of Solomon
Technically the Odes are anonymous, but in many ancient manuscripts, the Odes of Solomon are found together with the similar Psalms of Solomon, and Odes began to be ascribed to the same author. Unlike the Psalms of Solomon, however, Odes is much less clearly Jewish, and much more Christian in appearance. Odes explicitly refers not only to Jesus, but also to the ideas of virgin birth, harrowing of hell, and the Trinity. Adolf Harnack suggested the work of a Christian interpolator, adjusting an originally Jewish text.

Relation to Catholic and canonical texts
There are parallels in both style, and theology, between Odes and the writing of Ignatius of Antioch, as well as with the canonical Gospel of John. For example, both Odes and John use the concept of Jesus as Logos, and write in gentle metaphors. Harris lists the following similarities in theme between the Odes and the Johannine literature: It has been suggested that Ode 22.12 ("the foundation of everything is Your [God's] rock. And upon it You have built Your kingdom, and it became the dwelling-place of the holy ones." ) may be an earlier version of the saying in Matthew 16.18
 * Christ is the Word
 * Christ existed before the foundation of the world (Odes 31, 33)
 * Christ bestows living water abundantly
 * Christ is the door to everything
 * Christ stands to His people in the relation of Lover to Beloved
 * Believers love the Lord because He first loved them (Ode 3.3)
 * Believers' love to the Christ makes them His friends (Ode 8)

Relation to Gnosticism
Some have doubted the orthodoxy of the Odes, suggesting that they perhaps originated from a heretical or gnostic group. This can be seen in the extensive use of the word "knowledge" (Syr. ܝܕܥܬܐ ; Gk. γνωσις gnōsis), the slight suggestion that the Saviour needed saving in Ode 8:21c (ܘܦ̈ܖܝܩܐ ܒܗܘ ܕܐܬܦܪܩ — "and the saved (are) in him who was saved") and the image of the Father having breasts that are milked by the Holy Spirit to bring about the incarnation of Christ. In the case of "knowledge", it is always a reference to God's gift of his self-revelation, and, as the Odes are replete with enjoyment in God's good creation, they seem at odds with the gnostic concept of knowledge providing the means of release from the imperfect world. The other images are sometimes considered marks of heresy in the odist, but do have some parallel in early patristic literature.

Scholars such as H. Chadwick, Emerton, and Charlesworth are fully convinced that the text has nothing to do with Gnosticism.

Modern influence
The Odes of Solomon have inspired modern musicians and their projects. In 2010, composer John Schreiner released a two-disc album called The Odes Project, which is an adaptation of the Odes of Solomon into modern music. The album Odes by Arthur Hatton, creator of LDS music website Linescratchers, was inspired by the Odes of Solomon and incorporated lines from the poems into its lyrics.

Primary published sources

 * Bernard, JH (1912). "The Odes of Solomon" in Texts and Studies VIII.
 * Charlesworth, James H (1977). The Odes of Solomon. Missoula, Montana: Scholars Press. ISBN 0-89130-202-6.
 * Franzmann, M (1991). The Odes of Solomon: Analysis of the Poetical Structure and Form. Göttingen.
 * Harris, JR and A Mingana (1916, 1920). The Odes and Psalms of Solomon in 2 vols. Manchester.
 * Vleugels, Gie. The Odes of Solomon: Syriac Text and English Translation with Text Critical and Explanatory Notes. MŌRĀN ETH’Ō 41. Kottayam: St. Ephrem Ecumenical Research Institute, 2016.

Secondary published sources

 * Chadwick, H (1970). "Some reflections on the character and theology of the Odes of Solomon" in Kyriakon: Festschrift für J Quasten vol. 1, ed. P Granfield and JA Jungmann.
 * Drijvers, Han Jan Willem (1984). East of Antioch: Studies in Early Syriac Christianity. Aldershot: Ashgate Variorum Reprints. ISBN 0-86078-146-1.
 * Pierce, Mark (1984). "Themes in the Odes of Solomon and other early Christian writings and their baptismal character" in ''Ephemerides Liturgicae XCVIII".
 * Vleugels, Gie (2011). "The Destruction of the Second Temple in the Odes of Solomon", in: Das heilige Herz der Tora Festschrift für Hendrik Koorevaar, ed. Siegbert Riecker and Julius Steinberg, Aachen: Shaker Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8440-0584-4, 303-310

title: Odes of Solomon


text:
Tea party

A tea party is a social gathering event held in the afternoon. For centuries, many societies have cherished drinking tea with companions at noon. Tea parties are considered for formal business meetings, social celebrations or just as an afternoon refreshment.

Originally, in a tea party, loose leaf tea was provided in a teapot along with milk and sugar. A variety of food including sandwiches, scones, cakes, pastries and biscuits were served alongside tea in a tiered arrangement. Food served at tea parties was according to a particular season. People typically consumed light foods such as fruit during summer and spring seasons and more substantial fare in fall and winter.

Formal tea parties are generally characterised by the use of prestige utensils, such as porcelain, bone china or silver. Tables may be set with napkins and matching cups and plates.

In the past, afternoon tea parties were hosted regularly; however, presently tea parties are becoming like social gathering events in high tea restaurants where tea and food is presented in a traditional manner.

Formal teas
Queen Victoria reportedly ordered "16 chocolate sponges, 12 plain sponges, 16 fondant biscuits" along with other sweets for a tea party at Buckingham Palace. The afternoon tea party became a feature of great houses in the Victorian and Edwardian ages in the United Kingdom and the Gilded Age in the United States, as well as in all continental Europe (France, Germany, and the Russian Empire). The formal tea party still survives as an event, as in the debutante teas of some affluent American communities.

Traditionally, servants stayed outside the room until needed. This was due to the rigidity of social conventions and also reflected the intimate nature of the afternoon tea. Proving the truth of 18th-century author Henry Fielding's quip that "love and scandal are the best sweeteners of tea", the custom of banning servants from the drawing room during tea shows the hostess's desire to encourage free conversation among her guests. Most of the formalities of that age have disappeared, particularly since World War II, when economic changes made household servants a rarity, but afternoon tea can still provide a good opportunity for intimate conversation and a refreshing light meal.

Queen Elizabeth II's favourite tea cakes were honey and cream sponge and chocolate biscuit cake. Tea sandwiches might include smoked salmon, egg mayonnaise or ham and mustard among other offerings. Crustless triangle shaped tuna sandwiches can be served on buttered loaves with thinly sliced cucumbers.

"Kettle drums"
"Kettle drums" came about in 18th and 19th centuries and are informal large afternoon parties for tea. At kettle drums, guests traditionally came for short periods and left at will, mingled and conversed with little formality, and partook of tea, chocolate, lemonade, cakes, and sandwiches. Guests were expected to dress for ordinary daytime visiting, but not more formally.

Per false folk etymology, the name "kettle drum" is said to have originated in the informal tea gatherings hosted by British camp officers' wives during East India Company rule or the British occupation of India, during which kettle drums are claimed to have served as tea tables in the camps. Alternatively, "kettle drum" may have been an amalgam of "drum" — 18th-century slang for a vivacious party — and "kettle" for the tea served.

Etiquette
Tea party etiquette depends on the customs and accepted standards of behaviour of a given time period and place. 1900 etiquette demonstrated etiquette to be linked with conservative and rigid gender roles. Manners were of utmost importance in the proper conduct of men and women in early tea parties.

There are several rules of etiquette noted during the 19th and 20th centuries. Various rules of etiquette included:

 * 1) Learn to be patient
 * 2) Restrain your temper
 * 3) Refrain from speaking in anger
 * 4) Silence is more valuable than speech

Children's parties
Tea parties are sometimes hosted by young children where the guests consist of stuffed animals, dolls, friends (both real and imaginary) and family members.

Alice's Tea-Party

In Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, in the chapter "A Mad Tea-Party", Alice becomes a guest at a tea party along with the March Hare, the Hatter, and a sleeping Dormouse who remains asleep for most of the chapter. The other characters give Alice many riddles and stories, including the famous 'Why is a raven like a writing desk?'. The Hatter reveals that they have tea all day because time has punished him by eternally standing still at 6 pm (tea time). Alice becomes insulted and tired of being bombarded with riddles and she leaves, claiming that it was the craziest tea party that she had ever attended.

Global analogs

 * Yum cha is the Chinese equivalent of a tea party, usually held in a restaurant.

 * The German "Kaffeeklatsch", literally "coffee gossip", is an afternoon gathering – stereotypically of housewives – in which coffee or tea is drunk, cakes are eaten, and gossip is exchanged.

title: Tea party


text:
Emil von Škoda

Emil Ritter von Škoda (Emil rytíř Škoda; 18 November 1839 – 8 August 1900) was a Bohemian engineer and industrialist, founder of Škoda Works, the predecessor of today's Škoda Auto and Škoda Transportation.

Life and work
Born Emil Škoda in Pilsen (Czech: Plzeň) on 18 November 1839 to a physician and politician František Škoda, and mother Anna Říhová. Škoda studied engineering in Prague and Karlsruhe and in 1866 became chief engineer of the machine factory of Ernst Fürst von Waldstein-Wartenberg, founded in 1859 at Pilsen. He bought the factory three years later, in 1869, and began to expand it, building a railway connection to the facility in 1886 and adding an arms factory in 1890 to produce machine guns for the Austro-Hungarian Army. His facilities continued to expand over the next decade, and he incorporated his holdings in 1899 as the Škoda Works, which would become famous for its arms production in both World War I and World War II and for a wide range of other industrial and transportation products.

title: Emil von Škoda


text:
Gas balloon

A gas balloon is a balloon that rises and floats in the air because it is filled with a gas lighter than air (such as helium or hydrogen). When not in flight, it is tethered to prevent it from flying away and is sealed at the bottom to prevent the escape of gas. A gas balloon may also be called a Charlière for its inventor, the Frenchman Jacques Charles. Today, familiar gas balloons include large blimps and small latex party balloons. For nearly 200 years, well into the 20th century, manned balloon flight utilized gas balloons before hot-air balloons became dominant. Without power, heat or fuel, untethered flights of gas balloons depended on the skill of the pilot. Gas balloons have greater lift for a given volume, so they do not need to be so large, and they can stay up for much longer than hot air balloons.

History
The first gas balloon made its flight in August 1783. Designed by professor Jacques Charles and Les Frères Robert, it carried no passengers or cargo. On 1 December 1783, their second hydrogen-filled balloon made a manned flight piloted by Jacques Charles and Nicolas-Louis Robert. This occurred ten days after the first manned flight in a Montgolfier hot air balloon.

The next project of Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers was La Caroline, an elongated steerable craft that followed Jean Baptiste Meusnier's proposals for a dirigible balloon, incorporating internal ballonnets (air cells), a rudder and a method of propulsion. On September 19, 1784 the brothers and M. Collin-Hullin flew for 6 hours 40 minutes, covering 186 km from Paris to Beuvry near Béthune. This was the first flight over 100 km.

Gas balloons remained popular throughout the age before powered flight. Filled with hydrogen or coal gas, they were able to fly higher, further and more economically than hot-air balloons. The altitude was controlled with ballast weights that were dropped if the balloon got too low; in order to land some lifting gas was vented through a valve. Tethered manned gas balloons were used for observation purposes in the Napoleonic Wars (to very limited extent), in the American Civil War (flown by Thaddeus Lowe) and in World War I by aviators wearing parachutes. Throughout the 19th century, they were popular as objects of public fascination among hobbyists and show performers, such as the Blanchards.

Throughout the mid 20th century, spherical free gas balloons were used by the United States Navy to train airship crews.

Gas ballooning has been popular in Europe, most notably in Germany, using hydrogen as a lifting gas. Gas balloon clubs exist throughout the country. Rough estimates show 150 active gas pilots in Europe. In contrast, gas ballooning in the USA might have at most 30 active pilots who typically fly only once a year at the Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta in October.

Aerophile is the world's largest lighter-than-air carrier, flying 300,000 passengers every year through its eight tethered gas balloon operations in Walt Disney World, San Diego Zoo Safari Park, Smoky Mountains & Irvine in the US and Paris, Disneyland Paris and Parc du Petit Prince in France.

Records
On October 24, 2014, Alan Eustace, a former Google executive, made a jump from the stratosphere, breaking Felix Baumgartner's 2012 world record. The launch-point for his jump was from an abandoned runway in Roswell, New Mexico, where he began his balloon-powered ascent early that morning. He reached a reported maximum altitude of 135,908 feet (41.425 km; 25.7402 mi), but the final number submitted to the World Air Sports Federation was 135,889.108 feet (41.419000 km; 25.7365735 mi). The balloon used for the feat was manufactured by the Balloon Facility of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India. Eustace in his pressure suit hung tethered under the balloon, without the kind of capsule used by Felix Baumgartner. Eustace started his fall by using an explosive device to separate from the helium balloon.

The previous altitude record for a manned balloon flight was set at 39.045 kilometers on October 14, 2012 by Felix Baumgartner breaking a record of 34.7 kilometers on May 4, 1961 by Malcolm Ross and Victor Prather in a balloon launched from the deck of the USS Antietam (CV-36) in the Gulf of Mexico.

The altitude record for an unmanned balloon is 53.7 kilometers. It was reached by a stratospheric balloon manufactured by JAXA with a volume of 80,000 m³, launched in September 2013 from in Hokkaido, Japan. This is the greatest height ever obtained by an atmospheric vehicle. Only rockets, rocket planes, and ballistic projectiles have flown higher.

In 2015, pilots Leonid Tiukhtyaev and Troy Bradley arrived safely in Baja California, Mexico, after a journey of 10,711 km. The two men, originally from Russia and the United States of America respectively, started in Japan and flew with a helium balloon over the Pacific. In 160 hours and 34 minutes, the balloon, named "Two Eagles", arrived in Mexico, setting the longest distance and duration records for gas balloons.

On other planets
The Soviet Union space probes Vega 1 and Vega 2 each dropped a helium balloon with scientific experiments into the atmosphere of Venus in 1985. The balloons first entered the atmosphere and descended to about 50 km, then inflated for level flight. Otherwise the flight was uncontrolled. Each balloon relayed wind and atmospheric conditions for 46 hours of a possible 60-hour electric battery power budget.

title: Gas balloon


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, voting machines

2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, voting machines was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Keep.

2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, voting machines
More spawn of POV. Snowspinner 06:30, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Oh my god! Snowspinner is at it again!
 * Delete. For my rationale, see my entry at Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, vote suppression, most or all of which applies to this article as well. --Slowking Man 06:36, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, ditto Slowking. - RedWordSmith 06:42, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Go publish these findings someplace else people.  This stuff is not encyclopedic. Indrian 07:01, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Anything I had to say on the matter has been said already. Reene (リニ) 07:02, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, because the VfD for this material was already voted on and it already failed. Those who think that it is nothing but "crackpot theories" already had their chance to argue that reason for its deletion.  They failed.  Those who think that it is nothing but irreparable POV already had their chance to argue that reason for its deletion.  They failed.  Nothing has changed; they should not get a second free shot.  I find it deeply ironic that so many of the people who are demanding that the same issues be rehashed over and the vote retaken in the hopes that this will come out the way they want it...  are the ones finding it "crackpot" that anyone should be questioning the voting in the Presidential election.  -- Antaeus Feldspar 07:44, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Feel free to question the results of the election all you want, just be sure to keep it to one reasonably sized article. If one article is good enough for Napoleon, Adolph Hitler, and Jesus Christ, then one article will certainly suffice for such a minor topic as this one. Indrian 07:52, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - If the main article is too long, it is the fault of the authors who have zealously faught off attempts to bring it into proper, minor, perspective. -- Netoholic @ 08:45, 2004 Dec 5 (UTC)
 * Delete One article about alleged irregularities is plenty. More than that is spamming one's bias across an encyclopedia. For the record, I think the lesser man won the election,and believe there may have been irregularities, but keep it to the article that already exists and keep it written as an encyclopedia entry would be written. These extra articles are just total abuse and nonsense. DreamGuy 11:17, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, From the Wikipedia deletion policy page: "If an article is constantly being deleted and re-created, this should be seen as evidence for the need for an article. Administrators should always be responsible with the power that they have. If in doubt... don't delete!"  I should think the same logic would apply to an article which is kept and continues to experience active development despite repeated attempts to delete it.  It is by definition and title a controversy, and repeated requests to delete it are simply part of that controversy and thus show that its existence is warranted.  --Cortonin 13:41, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Claim this has been listed before appears incorrect, and it suffers the same problems as the others. I think you are getting confused because they are being spawned so fast. Securiger 14:58, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. My comments on Votes for deletion/2004_U.S._election_voting_controversies%2C_Florida apply here also. --[[User:Tony Sidaway|Tony Sidaway|Talk]] 15:15, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Randy 16:27, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Zenyu 17:01, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. We should not have to vote on all these subpages to indicate our intent. Instead of as censors, those proposing deletion should have (and have not) contributed their opinions, etc., as authors. They have not, and instead are involved in this noxious behavior. The subpages are an effort to streamline and focus the original article, and compartmentalize the irregularities. The issue, despite some individual's assertions, IS sizable and complex enough to warrant the extent of content, and the subpages must not be seen as new opportunities to poach or 'pick off' areas of this article. -- RyanFreisling @ 17:18, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. From the first VFD: "Those who have voted here have done so and honored the VfD, despite the (unproven but widely held) suspicion by many that the vote was a sham, and a tactic used to damage a disliked article.... In addition, many have commented upon the high level of interest in this article and the harm that this VfD label does it, and that its clarification is urgent to them."  Relisting on VFD after less than three weeks is an abuse. Korath 17:20, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I suppose I would have to agree with that to an extent (I did not know, nor did I care to know, that these pages were up for a vote three weeks ago), but the far greater abuse here is the spamming of wikipedia that these articles represent. A good man lost; a bad man won; there were glitches; ok, fine, lets have a page on it for posterity, no problem.  Now, the problem comes when a few overzealous partisans with an axe to grind take a minor event in the history of the world (the 2004 presidential election) then take a minor facet of that event (voting irregularities) and write a half dozen subarticles on the topic.  In general, if an article is too long, then the article is a poorly constructed mess.   The history of nations or world religions or individuals such as Jesus Christ that were so important that they changed the entire course of Western civilization are such massive, complex topics that one article may not be enough.  The 2004 election is a footnote in history.

 * Is this election more important in United States history than the 1876 election, when the fate of Reconstruction, race relations, and the preservation of the Union hung in the balance thanks to a few irregularities and the winner had to live with the name Ruthefraud for the rest of his life? Maybe, I am not the one to make that call, but if that controversy can be covered briefly, then so can this one.  What about 1860 when there were not really any irregularities, but the result led to a bloody Civil War?  That one certainly seems to have been far more important in United States history, yet it is also covered succinctly.  The 1824 eletion, when the winner of the popular vote lost because the other candidates got together to deny him the office, is not even remembered today.  This election will be similarly relegated to the backburner of history, making so many articles on the topic seem rather silly.  If a writer went to any professionally produced encyclopedia in the world, even one that was online and had no space constraints like wikipedia, with the idea to produce this many articles on this one event, he would be laughed out of the editor's room.  If the community of wikipedia users does not have the same response, then I think it reflects poorly on the project and shows the world that instead of trying to create a real encyclopedia we are indulging in petty nitpicking and complaining about every insignificant thing that bothers us when we get up in the morning. This is an encyclopedia, not a soapbox or even an election analysis center.  The subarticles do not belong. Indrian 18:27, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. This has already been resolved. Kevin Baas | talk 19:26, 2004 Dec 5 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wiki is not a blog, historic notability not established. Wyss 19:02, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. JamesMLane 19:31, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep the article is improved, for clarity, by being split up, and this was by consensus where people had a chance to state if they wanted it split or didnt. The consensus - and many people contributed to the debate - was that they did. As to the article itself, it was voted keep by about 72 keep - 6 delete a bare few weeks ago. It's not clear in what manner the article is less fit to keep, less encyclopediac, or less or general interest now that more official bodies are taking action.  If there are issues with its size or layout then perhaps consider contributing.  But deletion is inappropraite as deletion criteria are not at all applicable - exactly as they weren't a bare few weeks ago. FT2 20:23, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Everyking 20:56, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seperating the original long article in to subarticles is a great idea, as it makes for better organization.  Remeber that this is what hypertext is best for.  Why keep the information in flat format in one very long article when there can be some decent heirarchy where people can click on parts they're interested in and be presented with the detail they want to see? noosphere 21:04, 2004 Dec 5 (UTC)
 * Keep. Mark Richards 01:47, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Deletion is not the correct method for NPOVing articles. Dr Zen 02:06, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Maybe history won't mark it as important as the 1876 election but the 2004 election was a milestone in US voting history if for nothing more than the widespread adoption of electronic voting machines. An article about the initial controversy surrounding their use is historically important and therefore encyclopedic. Maybe the information can be pared down/merged at a later date with the other articles but for now there seems to be much controversy concerning the election and I would not like to see this information lost. As for POV, it's an article about controversy, thus it's likely to suffer POV problems for some time, have some patience. Intangir 02:09, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I think these pages are informative. If there are concerns about the veracity of particular facts, those concerns should be incorporated, with additional footnotes pointing to those sources. This page is an example of exactly the kind of process which is so important, getting factual information together from various sources, and collating it. It is thrilling to be at a time in history when many people together can contibute to a living history!    --Boscobiscotti 03:00, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Please note this user has contributed only to the VfD pages in question. This makes your vote invalid, Boscobiscotti. Reene (リニ) 03:06, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Way to pour cold water on somebody's enthusiasm. Everyking 03:15, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Strange and terribly strong keep. Andre ( talk )A| 03:20, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, it's usual and good practice to break out long articles into subarticles. I agree some trimming could be done, but not at a ratio of 6:1 which is what would be needed to remove the need for sub-pages. Shane King 03:42, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

Rerdavies 04:02, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Honestly! These continual VfDs verge on harassment. The mainpage VfD didn't succeed. Why should VfDs on sub-articles succeed?
 * Vote is invalid. Reene✎ 07:23, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Rather, vote validity is disputed. Kevin Baas | talk 07:33, 2004 Dec 6 (UTC)
 * No, it's not really up for dispute. I've addressed the objections this user has raised concerning this on his talk page as he doesn't seem to quite understand how this sort of thing works (understandable as the user is new). The vote doesn't count. That is really quite simple. Reene✎ 07:42, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I agree strongly with Dr Zen and Cortonin above. Avenue 05:29, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is a well-written article, legitimately large and legitimately split. --L33tminion | (talk) 06:40, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. On grounds of POV etc. Capitalistroadster 11:31, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup. I'm terribly pissed about the huge amount of unnecessary bolding and italics on all these pages and the POV wording, but those aren't enough to delete. Johnleemk | Talk 11:45, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep Guettarda 16:38, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep All of these pages are going to get cleaned up in time, as the information we have is confirmed or refuted. Until that time, removing it is like saying it isn't there when it is. Josquin 17:35, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep --- While there are many sub-articles the main article would be far too long if they would instead be included there. // Liftarn 19:17, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: DCEdwards1966 19:49, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Significant. ElBenevolente 23:29, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep TalkHard 23:50, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Abuse of VfD process. [[User:GeorgeStepanek|GeorgeStepanek\talk ]] 01:24, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. There's a lot of data here, so it warrants a sub-article. Also see my comments on the main VfD vote PenguiN42 16:42, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, irrational and abusive VfD again !--Pgreenfinch 18:15, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 		¡	Keep	!			--	Ŭalabio 03:25, 2004 Dec 9 (UTC)
 * Keep. - Ta bu shi da yu 02:57, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Abuse of wikipedia process to drag this into VfD, the sheer size of the articles and controversy surrounding them is evidence enough that the articles are important.  If there is some problem with the content, do something to fix it.  Stop trying to sweep this under the rug. Pedant 23:35, 2004 Dec 10 (UTC)
 * Calling it abuse doesn't make it so- these are all unnecessary daughter articles to a parent article that is far too large (they only exist for that reason as a matter of fact). The article is the size it is because of bad editing. Stop accusing other people of trying to sweep this virtually nonexistant outside of the blogosphere incident under the rug when there is nothing of the sort happening. Reene✎ 23:40, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * Similarly please stop accusing other people of prohibiting edits. And various Congressmen, media, advocacy and other groups would call your 'virtually nonexistant (sic)' comment laughable. So we all have an opinion. Except you don't seem to articulate yours except in the negative where this issue is concerned. -- RyanFreisling @ 00:44, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Note: Voting and discussion on related articles listed for VfD here:
 * 1) Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. presidential election controversy and irregularities
 * 2) Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, exit polls
 * 3) Votes_for_deletion/2004_U.S._presidential_election_controversy,_vote_suppression
 * 4) Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, voting machines
 * 5) Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. election voting controversies, Florida
 * 6) Votes for deletion/2004 U.S. election voting controversies, Ohio

Comments
Despite claims by the peanut gallery, none of these sub-pages have been VfD'd before and the VfD for the main article was over weeks ago. Since then the page has grown and changed considerably and has become bloated to the point of absurdity. This is not, however, an excuse to scatter the mess that is this article all over Wikipedia. The issue at hand here is not the main article; for that, go to the appropriate VfD page. The issue at hand is whether or not these subpages need to be deleted. As they've been created as the result of unnecessary bloat and a few zealous editors that I understand have been preventing anyone from cleaning up the page to a reasonable degree, these need to be put BACK in the main article and cleaned up. Reene (リニ) 21:40, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Posting this comment on every page is awkward wiki form, but here's my reply.

 * Again, if you allege that 'a few zealous editors have been preventing anyone...' etc., I'd ask for proof. That kind of behavior is intolerable. Would you like to help to improve the article? Because no-one is prohibited from doing so. -- RyanFreisling @ 22:19, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I have never seen you before, Reene, on any of these pages. Nor have I seen anyone who's contributions were not welcome (Netoholic was on the main page, not the articles in question, and an administrator requested a temporary injunction against him obstruction and rude behavior, not for "cleaning the article".)  I looked through the page histories for the articles and the talk pages, and conclude that either a) someone has messed with the page histories, or b) you are blatently lying in order to push a politcal agenda.  In either case, there is definitely a serious problem.  Kevin Baas | talk 22:32, 2004 Dec 5 (UTC)

 * To make it absolutely obvious what is going on with this particular article, here is a list of every user who edited this particular article from its inception until Snowspinner came along and put a vfd on it:
 * Kevin baas
 * User:FT2
 * User:Nickj

 * That's it. Not one single attempt has been made by those proposing the deletion to perform a cleanup.  Reene has been misinformed; nobody has attempted to prevent anybody performing a cleanup of this article.  The sections may have been subject to an edit war prior to being split; I will investigate that possibility also, on the appropriate VfD page.  --[[User:Tony Sidaway|Tony Sidaway|Talk]] 19:33, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Butters~enwiki

=About me:=

Where I live
I live in Lubbock, Texas. I grew up in Spur, Texas, and I go to Texas Tech.

Places I frequent online:
=About my edits= Thus far all of my edits are simple grammar or spelling corrections. I'm fairly picky about grammar and tend to notice common mistakes. Perhaps at some point I will have enough free time to contribute something more.
 * dcemulation
 * 8-bit theater
 * College Humor

title: User:Butters~enwiki


text:
User talk:Butters~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 06:37, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Butters~enwiki