text:
The Manhattans

The Manhattans are an American popular R&B vocal group. Their songs "Kiss and Say Goodbye", recorded in 1976, and 1980's "Shining Star", both sold millions of copies. The Manhattans have recorded 45 hits on the Billboard R&B Chart, including twelve top-10 R&B hits in the United States, starting in 1965. Sixteen of their songs have reached the Billboard Hot 100, including two top 10s and a number-one hit with their song "Kiss and Say Goodbye". They also charted eight U.S. R&B top 20 Albums, three of which were RIAA certified gold.

Early history
The Manhattans, originally from Jersey City, New Jersey, formed in 1962 with members George "Smitty" Smith (December 28, 1939 – December 16, 1970), Edward "Sonny" Bivins (January 15, 1936 – December 3, 2014), Winfred "Blue" Lovett (November 16, 1936 – December 9, 2014), Kenny "Wally" Kelly (January 9, 1941 – February 17, 2015), and Richard "Ricky" Taylor (1940 – December 7, 1987). Bivins, Lovett, and Kelly graduated from Lincoln High School, while Taylor and Smith graduated from Snyder High School. All five enlisted in the armed forces and came together as a group following their discharges from their respective branches.

The group's first single was "For the Very First Time", released in 1964 by Carnival Records. The Manhattans continued recording successfully with songs written by various members of the group. In 1968, the group received the "Most Promising Group" award by NATRA (the National Association of Television and Radio Announcers). In 1969, the group moved to the De Luxe record label, a subsidiary of King Records, and subsequently embarked on a college tour. While playing at Kittrell College in North Carolina, the group met another group, the New Imperials, featuring Gerald Alston, nephew of The Shirelles' lead singer, Shirley Alston-Reeves. They were so impressed with Alston that they asked him to join the group, but he declined.

Misfortune hit the group late in 1970 when Smith fell ill. The value of this dynamic lead singer can neither be undervalued nor forgotten, with songs such as "I'm the One Love Forgot" and others that first established the group's popularity. With Smith unable to perform, the group began to search for a new lead. First they attempted to woo The Cymbals' lead, Lee Williams, but he was unwilling to leave his current group. The group then renewed their request to Gerald Alston (born November 8, 1951), who accepted and took over the lead spot. Smith died of a brain tumor on December 16, 1970, 12 days before his 31st birthday.

The Manhattans continued recording throughout the 1970s with Alston singing lead vocals. They struck chart gold in 1973 with the Bivins-written song "There's No Me Without You". Then their biggest song was their March 1976 release "Kiss and Say Goodbye", written by Blue Lovett and arranged/co-produced with the group by the Philadelphia-based record producer Bobby Martin, a former member of the MFSB band of session musicians. The song quickly became a number-1 chart-topper on both the US Billboard Pop and R&B charts. It also became the second ever single to go platinum, after the RIAA introduced that certification level in 1976. Taylor left in 1976 to concentrate on his conversion to Islam. He died in 1987 after a long illness.

The group continued as a quartet, and found further success in March 1980 with the release of "Shining Star", which reached number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 4 on the R&B Chart. Produced and co-written by the Chicago-based record producer, Leo Graham, it received a Grammy Award the following spring.

In 1983, The Manhattans released the album Forever by Your Side, by Columbia Records, which had two singles that year. The first was the song "Crazy", the great success of this album, peaked at number 4 on the R&B chart. The second single was the title track "Forever by Your Side", which had moderate success in the United States, peaked at number 30 on the R&B chart, but has become a great success and a romantic classic in Brazil two years later, when it was included as part of the soundtrack of a soap opera in the country. The success led to a Portuguese version the following year, called "Pra Sempre Vou Te Amar", which also was successful in Brazil, and has been recorded by several Brazilian artists. Another highlight of this album Forever by Your Side was the song "Just the Lonely Talking Again", written by the American singer and songwriter Sam Dees, which was originally recorded by The Manhattans for this 1983 album and was later re-recorded by Whitney Houston on her second studio album, Whitney, in 1987.

The group celebrated its 20th anniversary in 1985 with the release of Too Hot to Stop It. It included the Evans/Smith-penned "When We're Made as One", originally recorded in 1966 but covered in an a cappella, doo wop style to emphasize the group's doo wop roots. The album was also dedicated to George Smith.

The group continued until 1988. That year, Alston left to record as a solo artist, scoring with several major R&B hits in the late 1980s and early 1990s for Motown. Roger Harris was recruited as the new lead singer for the group, which moved to the new label, Valley Vue, when their Columbia recording contract expired.

Later history
The group's largest shake-up was in December 1990, when Blue Lovett left the group, upon his doctor's request, for health reasons. Kenny Kelly left to return to college to pursue his PhD. Bivins continued along with lead singer Roger Harris who had replaced Gerald Alston in 1988–89 along with new members. He recruited new members Charles Hardy and Harsey Hemphill, who in October 1990 had auditioned for Bivins but didn't come aboard until after Lovett and Kelly left at the end of 1990. In early 1991 Bivins added Alvin Pazant, bringing the group back to a quintet. Harris proved to be only a short-term lead, and in April 1991 he was replaced by Wade Taylor. Taylor was replaced in July 1991 when Bivins recruited Lee Williams, the person whom they had originally wanted to replace George Smith.

In the 2000s, there were two versions of The Manhattans. One version featured original founding member Bivins, plus Hardy, Hemphill, Pazant and Williams. They released the CD Manhattans Now in 1994. In 1996, the group formed their own full-service music corporation company called Manhattan Entertainment Inc. In 2003 and 2007, they were featured artists in two theater plays, Girl He Aint Worth It and The Chicken Shack. In June 2013, the group released a single called "Just for Tonite" written by Bivins and Pazant and produced and arranged by Leroy Burgess. In 2015, Lee Williams retired and was replaced by Keni Jackson as the new lead singer. And they still continue to perform, with the same line up in 2018.

The other version of The Manhattans featured original member Blue Lovett, plus Gerald Alston, the lead singer on the group's biggest hits. Other members include Troy May and David Tyson (died 2022), brother of The Temptations' Ron Tyson. In the past, the group also featured Eban Brown, who later spent 18 years as lead vocalist for The Stylistics. This group has also released some CDs, including Even Now. This version of the group was featured in two PBS specials and performed at casinos and theaters across the United States. Alston appeared on Wu-Tang Clan's album, 8 Diagrams, on the song "Stick Me for My Riches" in 2007.

Edward "Sonny" Bivins, founding member of the Manhattans, died on December 3, 2014, at the age of 78. He sang on every Manhattans hit since the group's inception, and wrote many of their hit songs. He led the Manhattans up until his death.

Winfred "Blue" Lovett, the group's original bass singer and songwriter, died on December 9, 2014, at the age of 78. His bass voice was heard on many Manhattans hits, including the spoken word intro to "Kiss and Say Goodbye". He was replaced by Gerald Alston's cousin, Dwight Fields in The Manhattans featuring Gerald Alston till his death on August 26, 2016.

Kenneth "Wally" Kelly, the last surviving original member of the group, died on February 17, 2015, at the age of 74.

Lead singer Gerald Alston is the only member alive of the group's heyday lineup.

David Tyson, a member of The Manhattans featuring Gerald Alston died of an illness on February 17, 2022, at the age of 62.

Live albums

 * Live from South Africa (1999, Classic World)

title: The Manhattans


text: Category:Eagles

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Eagles


text: Category:Disney TV shows

title: Category:Disney TV shows


text: Template:Campaignbox Peninsula Campaign

title: Template:Campaignbox Peninsula Campaign


text:
User:Dmitry Brant

"Disclaimer: I work for or provide services to the Wikimedia Foundation, but this is my personal account. Edits, statements, or other contributions made from this account are my own, and may not reflect the views of the Foundation."

 Dmitry Brant

My work at the Wikimedia Foundation

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title: User:Dmitry Brant


text:
Talk:Candlebox

Genre order
i simply reversed the order of the genres. because they were lagit grunge when they first started out. --69.254.131.224 (talk) 11:20, 25 June 2011 (UTC)

Grunge or Post-Grunge?
They started in 1991. that was the hayday of grunge music, not to mention they are from seattle, wich grunge is called the seattle sound. so they are post-grunge now. but they were real grunge at the time they started. im adding grunge in to the genres. --76.113.62.128 (talk) 19:09, 22 May 2011 (UTC)

Are there any books published on this band that anyone knows about? -- Andy Walsh  (talk)  15:50, 24 November 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree, this is a question that really needs addressing. Why is it "post" grunge and not just grunge? What is the rationale these sources are using for the "post" designation? They got together in 1990, not mid to late 90s like most of the stuff labeled "post-grunge" is. They're from Seattle, and they even wrote a tribute to Andrew Wood for crying out loud. The lead singer had this to say about it: "I wrote 'Far Behind' for Andy Wood. I was a huge Malfunkshun fan and a huge Mother Love Bone fan and I got to know Andy early on in his career when I was working in a shoe store with Susan Silver who was managing Mother Love Bone, Soundgarden, and Alice in Chains."

 * Candlebox's lyrics and melodies are a little more pop-sounding than Pearl Jam's, but honestly their stuff sounds more "grunge" than Andrew Wood's Chloe Dancer / Crown of Thorns itself was. And most of their stream of consciousness lyrics seem a hell of lot closer to Soundgarden's than they are to Nickelback's or Creed's or Collective Soul's. I'm not saying violate NPOV, Wikipedia isn't the place for opinions or original research, yeah I know, I'm just saying this is a bit of a mystery. How exactly did they get pegged with the post-grunge label?  Which source was the first to call them that, and why? Does anyone have a source indicating what genre the band themselves self-identified with?

 * I just have to wonder because claims like "I started a band in Seattle in the year BEFORE Nevermind and Ten were released" and "I personally got to know Andy Wood early on in his career and was a huge fan of his and wrote a song about his death" don't sound like the sort of items you'd expect to see on a POST-grunge band's resume. Yes, it's true that Candlebox was identified by multiple sources as a "post-grunge" band. That's not in dispute. But why? Why the "post"?  Blue Rock (talk) 02:16, 30 October 2018 (UTC)

 * I removed it. There was only one citation on that, and it was to a crappy click-bait article from 2013, not a serious piece of music journalism. Just because one guy called them post-grunge while he was writing a fluff piece doesn't make it so. -- Laser brain  (talk)  03:07, 30 October 2018 (UTC)

more articles needed
There needs to be an article on Alive In Seattle, articles on the rest of the singles, and, at the very least, articles on Peter Klett and Bardi Martin. I'm doing research now on all of the above, but I could really use some help. Gringo300 (talk) 19:10, 12 September 2012 (UTC)

Discography
I'm trying to add to their discography by adding pics and descriptions of their singles. Especially their 90's work to help separate them from Far Behind just a little. Any help would be appreciated. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Xffactor (talk • contribs) 00:03, 22 January 2013 (UTC)

Band members
There are lots of people changing the band members around without providing sources—please stop doing that. Their Facebook page lists the band members present on the article right now. Unless you have a reliable source to the contrary (or Candlebox updates their site), please leave them as-is. -- Laser brain  (talk)  18:54, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

Not In Genre Lists
The info box includes Genres Hard Rock and also Heavy Metal, but they are not in List of hard rock musicians (A–M) or List of heavy metal bands. Was kind of hard to find. Can anyone fix this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:646:8D01:8A90:5570:D29F:52ED:FE4B (talk) 22:38, 20 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I added them to the List of hard rock musicians (A–M) but your request for List of heavy metal bands is to a page that only covers bands that were founded between 1967-1981, so they don't qualify.--MattyMetalFan (talk) 22:21, 27 September 2015 (UTC)

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External links modified
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Needs
The article needs more sources. It could use some more material on the band's musical style, which currently does not say anything about grunge. SunCrow (talk) 20:39, 27 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Candlebox


text:
My Father the Hero (1991 film)

My Father the Hero (original French title: Mon père, ce héros) is a 1991 French film directed by Gérard Lauzier and starring Gérard Depardieu. An English language remake of the movie was made in 1994 with Gérard Depardieu reprising his role.

The name of the film comes from a famous poem by the French poet Victor Hugo, "Mon père, ce héros," published in 1859.

Plot
André (Gérard Depardieu), a Frenchman who is divorced from his wife, takes his beautiful 14-year-old daughter, Véronique (Marie Gillain), on vacation to a paradise island. She is desperate to appear as a woman and not a girl. In order to impress a local boy, Benjamin (Patrick Mille), she makes up more and more fantastic stories, starting with André being her lover – a sugar Daddy. André is desperate to make Véronique happy and so plays along with her increasingly elaborate invented stories about her life.

Production
Filmed on location on Mauritius, the film introduces Marie Gillain as the young Véronique earning her a nomination for the César Award for Most Promising Actress.

Cast

 * Gérard Depardieu as André Arnel
 * Marie Gillain as Véronique "Véro" Arnel
 * Catherine Jacob as Christelle
 * Patrick Mille as Benjamin
 * Charlotte de Turckheim as Irina
 * Gérard Hérold as Patrick
 * Jean-François Rangasamy as Pablo
 * Koomaren Chetty as Karim
 * Benoît Allemane

title: My Father the Hero (1991 film)


text:
Talk:Golem

the golem, fiction
The Golem and the Jinni by Helene Wecker (2013, HarperCollins Publishers) is a wonderful book about a golem and should be added to the book list regarding golem. 72.76.133.254 (talk) 16:43, 21 October 2022 (UTC)

Two more works of fiction:

The Golem (Singer novel) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Golem The Golem is a novel written by Isaac Bashevis Singer that is a traditional telling of the golem of Prague from Jewish folklore. The work was first published in the Yiddish language in 1969 in The Jewish Daily Forward. It was rewritten and translated into English in 1982

The Puttermesser Papers A NOVEL By Cynthia Ozick https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/125782/the-puttermesser-papers-by-cynthia-ozick/ Puttermesser yearns for a daughter and promptly creates one, unassisted, in the form of the first recorded female golem. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Printphi (talk • contribs) 03:12, 21 November 2023 (UTC)

In popular culture
Per MOS:POPCULT, entries in an "in popular culture" section need to include reliable sourcing indicating the entry's significance to the subject. It's up to those wanting to add content to provide sufficient sourcing. Nikkimaria (talk) 00:13, 23 December 2022 (UTC)
 * By continuing to edit-war over this section you risk being blocked from editing. Policy is quite clear on the matter: it's up to you to provide appropriate sourcing for what you want to add, before it can be added. Nikkimaria (talk) 14:12, 25 December 2022 (UTC)

"Old New Synagogue"
Not sure if someone selected the wrong photo or what, but there is an image of the Old New Synagogue captioned "with rungs of the la leading to the attic", but there is no ladder anywhere in the photo. Yes, it's the same synagogue, but the caption is totally confusing. I found several other photos that actually show the ladder as described, and which would be much better choices for the caption, so readers don't have to waste time poring over the image trying to figure out where the ladder is, and then going to the article to try to figure out the mystery.

Idumea47b (talk) 22:05, 13 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I undid the edit that changed the photo. If reverted, it definitely needs a new caption. --Onorem (talk) 23:38, 13 September 2023 (UTC)

Film and television
Addition Printphi (talk) 03:16, 21 November 2023 (UTC)

Astrid and Raphaëlle, TV Series 2019 Episode 2-6: Golem One of the associates of a high-tech company is assassinated. The crime scene suggests that this Orthodox Jew may have been the victim of the Golem, a mythical clay creature obeying the orders of its creator. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13830996/plotsummary/?ref_=tt_ov_pl — Preceding unsigned comment added by Printphi (talk • contribs) 03:23, 21 November 2023 (UTC)

Golem in popular culture: Games
There are a lot of games Golem exists in like Terraria and Minecraft and you should add it like other popular culture. 176.59.164.169 (talk) 11:37, 3 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Golem


text:
Category:Shiga Prefecture

Shiga Prefecture (滋賀県 Shiga-ken) is a prefecture located in the Kansai (also called Kinki) region on Honshū island, Japan. The capital is the city of Otsu.

title: Category:Shiga Prefecture


text:
Jazz (Transformers)

Jazz is a fictional robot character from the Transformers franchise. He is usually portrayed as a music-loving robot who speaks Black Vernacular English. In certain continuities he is shown as Optimus Prime's good friend and right-hand man.

Transformers: Generation 1
Jazz (Tigre in Italy) is the "very cool, very stylish, very competent" member of the Autobots in the Transformers television and comic series based on the popular toy line produced by Takara and Hasbro. His original vehicle mode is a Martini Porsche 935 turbo racing car. Jazz serves as the first lieutenant of the Autobots, as well as the head of Special Operations. He has his own dedicated roster of agents and often assigns the most dangerous tasks to himself. A cool-headed improviser, he adapts to any environment and makes creative command decisions.

Reception
Jazz was one of the favorite Autobots of IGN.

The Transformers
Jazz was among the Autobots who followed Optimus Prime on his mission aboard the Ark. They were attacked by Megatron's ship, the Nemesis, and crash landed on Earth, where all on board were preserved in emergency stasis. Four million years later, in 1984, a volcanic eruption awakened the Ark's computer, Teletran-I, and it repaired all on board. It reformatted Jazz in the form of an Earth race car. Jazz then became a regular character throughout the show's first two seasons serving as Optimus Prime's second-in-command (Ironhide and Prowl seemed to share this role with him though).

Towards the end of 1985, Jazz was among the team of five Autobots who disguised themselves as the Stunticons in "Masquerade". Jazz, a Porsche 935 turbo, was made to resemble Dead End, the Stunticon Porsche 928. Penetrating the Decepticons' camp, the Autobots ran into trouble when the real Stunticon team arrived; trying to prove their identities by forming Menasor. With a combination of Windcharger's magnetic powers and Mirage's illusion-creating ability, the Autobots were able to appear as Menasor as well. Though the deception was soon revealed, they were still able to thwart the Decepticons' plans.

In The Transformers: The Movie, set in the year 2005, Jazz was assigned to Moonbase One along with Cliffjumper. Jazz was responsible for monitoring Decepticon activity on Cybertron using the base as a secret staging ground for planning the liberation of Cybertron. After the Autobot City invasion of Earth, Moonbase One came under attack by the planet eater, Unicron. Jazz radioed to Earth for assistance and his faint signal was received by Blaster who relayed the distress signal to Ultra Magnus. Jazz and Cliffjumper attempted to escape; however, the shuttle could not achieve escape velocity and was swallowed by Unicron. During the assault on Unicron led by Hot Rod and Ultra Magnus, Daniel Witwicky encountered a smelting pit inside Unicron, where other Transformer-like beings were being sent to be melted into a liquid substance. Jazz, Cliffjumper, Bumblebee and Spike were about to be cast into the pit but Daniel managed to rescue them in the nick of time. Jazz and the others escaped Unicron before the planet-sized Transformer exploded from the effects of the Autobot Matrix.

Shortly after the film's release, Jazz's principal voice actor, Scatman Crothers, died. The movie release was the last time that Jazz spoke. However, Jazz made minor cameos throughout the third season of the TV series in the episodes "Five Faces of Darkness" where he competed in a race and won, and fought alongside Perceptor and Rodimus Prime. In the episode "Dark Awakening", he briefly stood beside the resurrected Optimus Prime and in the episode "Call of the Primitives", he was seen for the final time. Jazz reappears in Generation 2: Redux, as Botcon magazine which is set after the events of the final episode where he, along with Goldbug, Sideswipe, Beachcomber and Seaspray battling the Decepticons in Switzerland and gained new powers and color like his G2 self by the power of Forestonite.

After the animated series ended in the U.S., Jazz appeared in animated form in the commercials for the Classic Pretenders, Action Masters, and Hot Rod Patrol.

Transformers: The Headmasters
In the Japanese series, Headmasters (the official fourth season of the Transformers in Japan), Jazz reappeared with a certain regularity in the first episodes, acting as right hand of Optimus Prime until the latter's death. In episode 4, he was operating inside Metroplex alongside Ultra Magnus, and after Trypticon and Mad Machine defeated Metroplex, he received the task to repair the computer of the Autobot mobile base.

Books
Jazz was featured in the 1985 Find Your Fate Junior book called Vanishing Drive by Barbara Siegel and Scott Siegel.

Jazz was featured in the 1985 Transformers audio books Autobots' Lightning Strike and Autobots Fight Back by John Grant, published by Ladybird Books.

Jazz was featured in the 1993 Transformers: Generation 2 coloring book "Decepticon Madness" by Bud Simpson.

Condor Verlag
In a story called "By their Blasters you shall know them ...!" from Transformers Comic-Magazine issue #12 by German comic publisher Condor Verlag. Optimus Prime instructs Backstreet, Bumblebee and Ruckus on how to identify Autobots from Decepticons in battle using the Ark's computer. Pretender Jazz is one of those he displays to the Autobots.

Devil's Due Publishing
In this reimagining of the Generation One story, the Ark was discovered by the terrorist Cobra Organization, and all the Transformers inside were reformatted into Cobra vehicles remotely controlled by the Televipers. In this storyline Jazz turned into a Cobra S.T.U.N.. In the sequel, he ended up being warped to the 1970s, where he was automatically reformatted into a pimpmobile.

Dreamwave Productions
In 2002, Jazz returned along with his fellow Autobots when Dreamwave Productions acquired the Transformers comic license and launched a brand-new continuity.

When civil war broke out on the planet Cybertron between the Autobots and Decepticon factions, Jazz joined the Autobot cause. After Decepticon leader Megatron killed the Autobot leader Sentinel Prime, a new Autobot leader was chosen by the Council of the Ancients. Jazz was present when Optronix was given the Matrix and reformatted into Optimus Prime. Three Decepticon assassins attempted to kill Optimus, but were unsuccessful. Optimus then ordered a planet-wide evacuation of Cybertron (Transformers: The War Within #1). When Shockwave led a force of Decepticons against the Autobot capitol of Iacon, Jazz was among the Autobots who defended the capitol (War Within #3).

When Megatron and Optimus Prime disappeared in an accident with a Space Bridge, the Autobot and Decepticon forces splintered into smaller factions. Jazz stayed with the Autobots under the leadership of Prowl. Learning that the Decepticons were testing a new mobile command base at the Praetorus Wharf, Prowl lead Cliffjumper, Gears, Jazz, Skids and Sideswipe to investigate. What they discovered was Trypticon (Transformers: The War Within - The Dark Ages #3). Only Shockwave calling the giant away to combat the Fallen saved them. When the Fallen attacked the Autobot base in order to capture Blitzwing, Jazz was among the Autobots who futilely tried to stop him.

Jazz was among the Autobots who followed Optimus Prime on his mission on board the Ark. They were attacked by Megatron's ship, the Nemesis and crash landed on Earth, where all on board were preserved in emergency stasis. In 1984, a volcanic eruption awakened the Ark's computer, Teletran-1, and it repaired all on board. It reformatted Jazz in the form of an Earth car.

Eventually, the combined forces of the Autobots on Earth and their human allies were able to capture the Decepticons. A ship called the Ark II was built to take the Cybertronians back to Cybertron, along with some human companions, but the ship exploded shortly after takeoff. The human allies were killed, but the Cybertronians were lost in the ocean, again in stasis lock.

In the frozen Arctic, a man named Lazarus began resurrecting the lost Transformers and planned to control these giant metal warriors and sell their services in war to the highest bidder. The American government had recovered Optimus Prime and used him to rescue several Autobots from their Arctic prison, including Jazz. After they had recovered their friends from Lazarus, Jazz led a group of Autobots to stop the spread of Megatron's deadly virus in the Canadian Northwest territories.

As the Autobot and Decepticon war continued on Earth, an escape pod beacon drew their conflict to the Arctic. The pod contained the rogue Decepticon Scourge. The battle between the Autobots and Decepticons ceased long enough to find the new Cybertronian commander, Shockwave, had arrived in pursuit of Scourge and to arrest Optimus Prime and Megatron. Jazz was ordered by Prime to remain on Earth with a small Autobot task force.

When Ultra Magnus came to Earth claiming that the Earth-based Autobots were Cybertronian criminals, Optimus Prime surrendered and with the majority of Autobots returned to Cybertron. Jazz was left in charge of the Ark, with Brawn, Ratchet, Sideswipe, Sunstreaker, Wheeljack and Windcharger assigned to him.

Returning to Earth with the Combaticons, Starscream reformatted them into Earth-style vehicles and attacked the Autobots remaining on Earth. Forming Bruticus, the Combaticons defeated Jazz, Sideswipe, Sunstreaker, Wheeljack and Windcharger. Only Ratchet and Brawn escaped capture, but as they made their way back to the Ark, they discovered its defenses on automatic, and had to fight their way inside. Bruticus followed them and Ratchet had to destroy the Ark in failed attempt to destroy Bruticus. Starscream eventually captured Ratchet and Brawn, right as an Autobot shuttle and Sunstorm arrived on Earth (Transformers: Generation One vol. III #1).

Jazz, Sideswipe and Sunstreaker were repaired by the Earth Defense Command. In return, Jazz commanded Sunstreaker, Sideswipe and Bumper in investigating the Insecticons for the Earth Defense Command. Eventually they rejoined Windcharger and Wheeljack, and all rejoined Ratchet on board the Autobot ship Orion (Transformers: Generation One vol. III #9).

Landing in Alaska, Jazz and the other Autobots met Prowl's team back from Cybertron. They were shown the site of construction for the new Autobot City (Transformers: Generation One vol. III #10). Brawn, Grapple, Hoist, Jazz, Omega Supreme, Prowl, Red Alert, Sideswipe and Sunstreaker were among the Autobots who continued work on Autobot City (Transformers: Generation One vol. III #13).

Fun Publications
In Battle Lines, Jazz was present as Optimus Prime was appointed the new commander of the Autobots. Jazz is among the Autobots present when Megatron attacks Iacon with his new weapon, Devastator.

Jazz appears in the story Generation 2: Redux where he is among the reinforcements from Autobot City to respond to the Decepticon attack at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland. Once there the Autobots are able to defeat the Decepticons, but during the fight the Autobots are exposed to refined Forestonite, which enhances and mutates Cybertronian systems. He gets enhanced to his Generation 2 form.

In Invasion, Jazz is among the Autobots at the Autobot Ironworks base who is wounded in battle with Shattered Glass Ultra Magnus.

IDW Publishing
Jazz appeared in issue #2 of Megatron Origin. In this story, set on ancient Cybertron he was a member of an Autobot security force in the city of Kaon. His squad was hunting the operators of gladiatorial contests in the degenerate slums, particularly Megatron.

In IDW Publishing's The Transformers: Infiltration mini-series, Jazz is part of an infiltration unit consisting of Ratchet, Ironhide, Wheeljack, Bumblebee and Sunstreaker, led by Prowl. He has not played a major role thus far, other than to accompany the other Autobots to the Decepticon base to watch the duel between Megatron and a super-powered Starscream, saving Bumblebee from Runabout at one point.

In the follow-up series, The Transformers: Escalation, after the supposed demise of Sunstreaker, Jazz and Wheeljack tracked down his body—only to be temporarily disabled by the advanced weaponry of the Machination (although Jazz' pride took more of a dent). Since then he has accompanied Optimus Prime to Brasnya to track down Megatron and his human facsimile—only to wind up in battle with Skywarp and Astrotrain. He and Wheeljack managed to put Skywarp to flight, but he promised to return with reinforcements. They then confronted Megatron (who had nearly killed Optimus Prime). On Prime's orders, they focused fire on Megatron long enough for Prime to recover and drive off the Decepticon leader, although they were prevented from dealing a killing blow by the appearance of Skywarp and Thundercracker.

Bumblebee, Jazz, Optimus Prime, Prowl and Ratchet are in the miniseries New Avengers/Transformers crossover by Marvel Comics and IDW Publishing from 2007.

Marvel Comics
In the early Marvel Comics, Jazz was portrayed easily and productively making contact with humans. He was also responsible for the long-standing relationship between the Autobots and G. B. Blackrock, pledging that the Autobots would defend his property from the Decepticons in return for fuel, and battled Circuit Breaker.

Marvel U.K.'s "Man of Iron" saw him befriending (as well as abducting) a young boy in rural England, helping the Autobots locate a lost ship under Stansham Castle; Jazz personally destroyed it to stop the Decepticons retrieving it.

Jazz passionately opposed Prowl's idea to use the Creation Matrix to create dedicated war machines to crush the Decepticons; he labeled such creations abominations. This ethically questionable move was staved off and Jazz continued to serve the Autobots well on Earth. Following the arrival of Galvatron in Target: 2006, he was captured, and his mind viciously reprogrammed to make him a zombie servant. This left him incapacitated for a long while. He was eventually repaired, but soon met deactivation once more against the Underbase-powered Starscream.

Jazz' body was seen among the deactivated Autobots Ratchet was doing his best to revive in Transformers #56, "Back from the Dead".

To stop Megatron, Autobot medic Ratchet later restored Jazz as a Classic Pretender, along with Grimlock and Bumblebee. They remained on Cybertron and were an inspiration to the Autobot rebels, leading multiple raids on the Decepticons and also fighting several of the demons that lived beneath Cybertron. When a return trip to Earth was interrupted, the Classic Pretenders found themselves in front of the sleeping Primus and, after battling the Mayhem Attack Squad, witnessed him awaken. Jazz would go on a last mission as a Classic Pretender in the "Matrix Quest", heading to the moon of VsQs to retrieve the lost Matrix, though Thunderwing got to it first. He was later among the united Autobot and Decepticon forces who opposed Unicron's assault on the planet Cybertron in 1995 (Transformers #75). Immediately prior to this, Jazz was seen as one of the few surviving Autobots in the alternate 2009 seen in the story "Rhythms of Darkness". Here he fought Galvatron to give Spike time to attach the American flag to the Deception stronghold in New York and persuade the European Coalition to call off their nuclear attack. Jazz was saved from death by the arrival of Hook, Line and Sinker, who forcibly transported Galvatron back to the "present" of the regular timeline. He briefly reappeared during the battle on the planet Ethos in the Generation 2 comic.

Jazz was also one of the main Autobots in the Earthforce unit of Marvel U.K.'s Earthforce stories. The annual story "The Magnificent Six" revealed that four million years ago, Jazz was teamed with Inferno, Ironhide, Wheeljack and Sunstreaker and had been tortured by the sadistic Decepticon Megadeath in the Stanix region. He and the others faced Megadeath once again in the present and defeated him.

Jazz would appear in the U.K. Marvel comic issue #234, "Prime's Rib!" This story is set in the near future, 1995, where Optimus Prime, Jazz and Hot Rod introduce the latest Autobot, Arcee, to the human feminists. She was met with displeasure by the humans, being called a token female and disliked for her pink color. They were then attacked by Shockwave, Fangry, Horri-Bull and Squeezeplay, who thought the Autobots would be unveiling a new weapon. The Autobots fought off the Decepticons, who escaped, but nothing seemed to please the human feminists.

Toys

 * Generation 1 Autobot Car Jazz (1984)
 * The toy that was to become the Autobot Jazz was originally released as part of the Japanese Diaclone series in 1983. He was later released in 1984 by Hasbro in the U.S. under the Transformers brand.
 * According to original tech spec notes written by Bob Budiansky found at Iacon One in 2006, the original name for Jazz was Jazzz. Original script scans from the DVD box sets show that the writing staff also used the name Jazzz. The name Jazzz also appears in early Transformers coloring books.
 * The 1984 version of Jazz was re-issued in Europe in the early 1990s and Japan in 2001.

 * Generation 1 Autobot Car Cookie Crisp Jazz (1985)
 * A special variant of Jazz was given away as a promotional item from Cookie Crisp cereal in 1985. This version of Jazz is nearly the same as the one sold in stores, except it came in a brown cardboard box and the stickers had the words Martini (misspelled as Martinii to avoid paying out royalties) and Porsche removed from them.

 * Generation 1 Decoy Jazz (1986)
 * A promotional pack in item.

 * Generation 1 Classic Pretender Jazz (1989)
 * Jazz was released as a Classic Pretender in 1989. (As an interesting sidenote, in Dreamwave's More Than Meets the Eye, an in-universe encyclopedia of all of the characters, Bumblebee notes that Spike would have thought that Jazz's Pretender shell would have looked "different".)

 * Generation 1 Legends Jazz (1989)
 * A Kmart store exclusive of Jazz, essentially his Pretender car without the shell and its accessories.

 * Generation 1 Action Master Jazz (1990)
 * Jazz was released as an Action Master in 1990.

 * Generation 2 Autobot Car Jazz (1993)
 * Jazz was one of the Autobot cars to be released on Generation 2, with a slight repaint and weapons change. Jazz appeared in his Generation 2 form in the short-lived UK Generation 2 comic series. This series also printed a bio for Jazz where he had the new motto "Decepticons keep bad company—each other!"

 * Generation 2 Laser Cycle Jazz (unreleased)
 * Jazz was also to be released as a Laser Cycle, repainted from Road Rocket, but the figure was never released. A few prototypes of the toy in package were made, and have sold for over $1300 in auction.

 * Generation 1 Autobot Car Electrum Jazz (2002)
 * A special "Electrum" version, covered in gold chrome-plating, was also released in 2001, commemorating the cartoon episode "The Golden Lagoon" (in which the Transformers coat themselves with a metallic gold substance and become temporarily impervious to their various weapons).

 * Takara T/F Collection 01 Meister (2002)
 * Meister came in flap window "Collection Series" style box. Collection 01 Meister along with 02 Prowl were debut sets for the new T/F Collection line, and started the whole reissues. The mouth is different from the original. Included silver gun and missiles.

 * Commemorative Series 3 Autobot Jazz (2003)
 * The toy was reissued as Autobot Jazz by Hasbro in April 2003. Hasbro followed Takara package design change and released Jazz in flap window box. He was renamed Autobot Jazz (due to copyright) and several modifications were made to keep the toy conformed to US safety standards such as elongated missiles and launcher, plus the used of flexible black plastic for gun and missiles.

 * Smallest Transformers Meister (2004)
 * A miniature version of Meister/Jazz.

 * Universe Spy Changer Jazz (2004)
 * Transformers: Universe Spy Changer in 2004—a repaint of Robots in Disguise Spy Changer Side Burn painted to resemble Generation 1 Jazz. Initially sold exclusively at KB Toys, then repackaged for discount chains. Two packaging versions of this toy existed—a KB version which did not attribute the toy to Universe and was packaged in vehicle form, and a version for discount stores which did and was packaged in robot mode.
 * His function is Special Operations Expert. Clever, cool, and adaptable, Autobot Jazz takes on the riskiest missions with trademark flair, dazzling enemies with spectacular sound and light displays. His vast knowledge of Earth culture makes his especially valuable in Earth operations. Equipped with photon rifle, flame-thrower, full-spectrum beacon and 180db stereo speakers.

 * Binaltech/Alternators Jazz/Meister (2004 & 2008)
 * Jazz (Meister in Japan) was released as a Binaltech/Alternators toy in 2004, with the new alternative form of a Mazda RX-8. He was released in both white and red colors, with fans referring to the red version as Zoom-Zoom (A reference to the jingle used in Mazda commercials). Binaltech Meister was released again in 2008 with a Transformers 2007 movie Jazz silver paint color and slight mold tweaks that were found on the Binaltech BT-13 Laserwave. This new release is called Argent Meister.
 * Initially released in small numbers in 2004, Jazz was re-released in 2006 in new packaging. Due to trademarking, Jazz toys are generally prefixed with the word "Autobot", to reinforce Hasbro's rights to the name in the "Toys and Sporting Goods" trademark category. However, Aaron Archer has stated that since Hasbro had already used the "Autobot" prefix for the two previous Alternators figures, "Autobot Hound" and "Autobot Tracks", they instead elected to use the Japanese name rather than repeat the same pattern with "Autobot Jazz". Additionally, there was still some optimism that Porsche might change their mind and grant them the license to do an actual "Jazz" as a Porsche. As an inside joke, when Hasbro was describing their new Meister toy on their web site they stated, "Incredible detail and 1:24 scale jazzes up the action!"
 * Alternators Meister was voted the 75th top toy released in the last 10 years by Toyfare Magazine.

 * CybCon Jazz (2005)
 * An exclusive toy available at CybCon 2005, this original molded toy was supposed to represent Jazz's Cybertronian form before coming to Earth.

 * Titanium 3 inch Jazz (2006)
 * In 2006, a 3-inch non-transforming Jazz figure was released in the Transformers: Titanium line. This version of Jazz resembled the Alternators Jazz in shape, but was painted more like the Generation 1 toy. (White versions of 2004's Alternators and Binaltech Jazz were popularly customized this way by collectors and fans of the Generation 1 Jazz.)

 * Universe Classic Series Legends Jazz (2008)
 * A small figure based on the animated series appearance of Generation 1 Jazz.

 * Generation 1 Encore Reissue Meister (2008)
 * Released by Takara Tomy in Japan in 2008, the original G1 Jazz was released with a new face mold. Also, some of the original stickers were applied by the factory to give the figure a clean look where fans sometimes applied the stickers off-center.

 * Reveal the Shield Deluxe Special Ops Jazz (2010)
 * A new mold announced at BotCon 2010. Features speakers that are retractable in both car and robot modes.
 * The mold for this figure is also used for the BotCon 2012 exclusive Deluxe Treadshot and Kick-Out/Kick-Over.

 * United Deluxe Autobot Jazz (Takara Tomy) (2010)
 * The Japanese version of Reveal the Shield Special Ops Jazz by Takara Tomy is in a metallic finish with silver wheels.

 * Q Transformers QT-11 Meister/Jazz (Takara Tomy) (2015)
 * The Q Transformers toy line by Takara Tomy has Jazz transforming from a Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE86. This line displays the Transformers as a "cuter" version of themselves.

Transformers Cinematic Universe
Jazz appears in the 2007 Transformers live-action film, directed by Michael Bay and voiced by Darius McCrary. When the movie producers unveiled the final list of Transformers characters appearing in the movie, Jazz was described as having a love of style, with a hip-hop personality. Jazz first appears in the film arriving onto Earth in his Protoform state and searches for a suitable alternate mode at a car dealership. Using a fluid capoeira inspired style, he can be seen transforming using a windmill dance move in his first scene and dialogue, Optimus Prime describes him as his first lieutenant, as he was in the G1 animated series.

Along with Optimus Prime, Jazz is the Autobot who retains most of his original Generation 1 design in the film, among his iconic features, his trademark "visor", which is retractable in the movie, as well as front-chassis chest and wheel wells in his feet. Also, his vehicle mode, although in the film his alternate mode is not a Porsche 935, a similar-looking model was chosen, as Jazz's alternate mode in the film is a silver/gray customized hardtop Pontiac Solstice GXP, similar to the weekend racer concept car. Jazz is armed with a crescent blaster. He also possesses a type of electromagnet in his right arm, which he uses to disarm humans of their guns without causing them injury, curiously leaving jewelry and electronics unaffected.

Jazz is the smallest of the Autobots. Michael Bay stated in an early interview that Jazz stands 13 feet tall, however the scale of his Deluxe toy suggests he would stand closer to 15 feet tall. This is confirmed by his profile in the second issue of the Transformers U.K. Magazine, where it is stated, he stands 15 feet 7 inches tall, weighs 1.8 tons and has a maximum speed of 400 miles per hour. The official guide to the Transformers video game also says he's 15 feet tall. Despite his small stature, Jazz was fearless, and would not hesitate to attack a much larger foe. Back in the film, Jazz engages Megatron, defying him to the end, but is overwhelmed by the Decepticon, and Jazz was caught in his grip, asking the Decepticon, "You want a piece of me?". Megatron responded "No, I want TWO!", ripping Jazz in half and killing him. Eventually, Jazz's death was avenged when Sam kills Megatron by infusing the Allspark into his chest, and Optimus and the Autobots mourn for Jazz after salvaging his remains, declaring him to be a great comrade.

The vehicles used for Bumblebee, Ironhide, Jazz and Ratchet were put on display by General Motors at the 2007 Detroit River Walk Festival a little over a week before the U.S. release of the film.

Books
Jazz appeared in the prequel novel Transformers: Ghosts of Yesterday. His character was close to his G1 incarnation's, being continually wisecracking and easygoing. He was part of Prime's Autobot team searching for the Allspark. With Prime and Bumblebee on the surface, Ironhide and Jazz battled the Decepticons, but Jazz was badly damaged by Bonecrusher, only being saved by Ratchet's volley of fire from the Ark. In the final battle, Jazz fought Frenzy, knocking him out before helping Ironhide against Bonecrusher, but was unable to stop Starscream from destroying the human vessel Ghost-1.

In the children's book "Transformers Prime Time" by Michael Teitelbaum, Jazz is depicted as being a convertible with the top down, unlike all other media which depicts him as having a hard top. The plot of this book has Jazz facing off against Megatron just after Megatron thawed from the ice under Hoover Dam as Bumblebee escaped with the Allspark cube.

IDW Publishing
In Transformers: Defiance issue #1, back on ancient Cybertron Jazz is among Optimus' crew at an excavation site near the temple at Simfur where an artifact is uncovered. In issue #2 he sides with Optimus Prime against Megatron's order to counter-attack Cybertron's invaders. In issue #3 Optimus Prime, Jazz and Prowl break into Megatron's quarters while he was away looking for clues as to his current unusual behavior. What they find is the ancient artifact recently uncovered that Megatron had restored. When Megatron learned that Optimus has broken into his room he sent Bumblebee, Camshaft, Cliffjumper, Jazz, Prowl and Smokescreen to arrest Optimus for treason. Optimus demanded to speak directly to Megatron, but when the group was traveling to Megatron's location they were ambushed by Barricade, Brawl, Crankcase, Frenzy, Starscream, Skywarp and Thundercracker who had orders to kill the lot of them. Smokescreen was able to cover Optimus and his group's retreat in the confusion of an explosion. In issue #4 Arcee, Bumblebee, Cliffjumper, Jazz and Smokescreen ambush Ironhide, who they believe works for Megatron, but Ironhide instead joins Optimus Prime's Autobots.

Jazz is among the Autobot forces who witness the launching of the Decepticon ship Nemesis.

In Transformers: The Reign of Starscream #1, Optimus Prime transports the body of the destroyed Jazz from Mission City in a trailer.

In Transformers: Alliance #1, during the aftermath of the battle of Mission City, Ironhide places Jazz's remains in a trailer while Captain Lennox and Sergeant Epps and his men pay their respects to the Autobot who sacrificed himself to save them. In Transformers: Alliance #3, a funeral is held for Jazz by the US Navy and Autobots. The trailer containing Jazz's remains is dumped into the ocean by a crane.

Titan Magazines
The Titan Transformers U.K. magazine would reveal Jazz's role in the departure of the Allspark from Cybertron. When it was jettisoned into space, he, Ironhide and Ratchet hit the pursuing Megatron with a tractor beam, dragging him back to Cybertron. They were no match for his firepower, but the Decepticon leader, realizing they were just stalling him, called in Devastator. He proved impervious to their firepower, and seemingly eliminated them all with a foldspace warhead, with Megatron commenting they were "lost in space".

Jazz appeared in issue #6 of the Titan Transformers magazine. Clocker and Jazz were being pursued by Bonecrusher, with Jazz half-dead due to not protecting his Spark Core properly - he would've been fully dead if Clocker hadn't saved him. Clocker ordered him to flee while he fought the enemy - the condition Jazz was in, "you're more hindrance than help to me". Clocker's shots barely affected Bonecrusher and by the time reinforcements arrived, he had been killed.

Films
Arriving on Earth at the same time as Optimus Prime, Ironhide, and Ratchet, Jazz's protoform lands in Dodger Stadium then re-appears near the Casa de cadillac car dealership (Sherman Oaks, California). Jazz jumps off the roof of the car shop and quickly scans a modified Pontiac Solstice before meeting up with the other Autobots at Bumblebee's location.

The Autobots then return to Sam's house to retrieve the glasses whilst attempting to hide from Sam's parents, which results in their garden being destroyed by Prime's feet and Ratchet (Jazz in the comic adaptation) cutting off the neighborhood's power after accidentally running into an electric transformer (which they blame on an earthquake). That same evening, a secret government organization called Sector 7 arrests Sam and Mikaela Banes, and captures Bumblebee. As the four remaining Autobots debated their next move after Bumblebee's capture the previous night, Jazz showed the most concern for Bumblebee.

In the final battle, when Bumblebee is unable to fight, Jazz provides cover. He fights Devastator (Brawl) alongside Ironhide and Ratchet, and then takes on the Decepticon leader, Megatron. He orders Ironhide and Ratchet to fall back, deciding to stand his ground in order to protect the humans running away. Despite Jazz' efforts to injure him, Megatron drags Jazz onto the tower and rips him in two, killing him. After the battle, Ironhide and Ratchet find Jazz' remains lying on the ground, and Optimus eulogises him before moving on. His remains are buried in the Laurentian Fan along with the Decepticons who died in the battle.

Games
Jazz appears as a playable character in Transformers: The Game as a main playable character, voiced by Andrew Kishino. In the Autobot campaign, he is first tasked with distracting Sector 7 from Sam, Mikaela, and the Autobots, but gets ambushed by Decepticons and must be saved by Ironhide. He later informs Optimus about Shockwave's arrival on Earth. He later battles Starscream and Blackout and kills the latter and knocks Starscream unconscious before being killed by Brawl. Ironhide avenged his fallen brother by killing Brawl moments later. In the Decepticon campaign, he battles Barricade in Mission City and is left for dead at the foot of a monument.

In the Nintendo DS Autobot campaign, he is tasked with collecting some Sector 7 vehicles for analysis and ends up fighting Blackout. Later, he plants a computer virus at the top of a communications tower and slips through security to download information about, Megatron and the AllSpark, but ends up finding Bumblebee's location inside the Hoover Dam and a way inside the base. Towards the end of the game, the Create-A-Bot must help Jazz fend off some AllSpark drones that are trying to destroy the city. In the Decepticon campaign, he is a boss at the end of the Hoover Dam level and is executed by a headshot from Megatron.

Jazz appears as downloadable content for the video game based on the second movie, Revenge of the Fallen for both multiplayer and campaign modes. He is voiced by Nolan North, who also voices Sideswipe.

Toys
All toys of this character are officially licensed from General Motors.
 * Transformers Legends Autobot Jazz (2007)
 * Released as part of the first wave of movie legends toys, this 3 inch long Pontiac Solstice is 1/52 scale to the real vehicle.

 * Transformers Cyber Slammers Autobot Jazz (2008)
 * A Scout Class toy designed for younger children, with a very simple transformation and a pull back motor. The upper portion of the vehicle pops up into robot mode when it hits an object.

 * Transformers Fast Action Battlers Ion Blast Autobot Jazz (2007)
 * A Deluxe-sized toy with simplified transformation for younger children.
 * Also released in a redeco as Smokescreen.

 * Transformers Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2007)
 * A detailed Deluxe-sized toy. This toy is 14 centimeters long in vehicle mode. Features Automorph technology and comes with a telescoping sword (officially, though the "blade" visually resembles a rifle barrel). With a real Solstice measuring 399 centimeters long, this toy is about 1/28 scale. With a robot mode height of 16 centimeters, Jazz would stand 15 feet tall. Deluxe Class Autobot Jazz was heavily criticized by some fans for poor arm detail and articulation in robot mode.
 * This toy was sold individually in general retail, and in a special 3-pack at Sam's Club which included Movie Deluxe Bonecrusher, Brawl and Jazz.

 * Transformers Deluxe Clone Jazz (2007)
 * A redeco and slight remold of the Deluxe Jazz toy, designed with blue and black battle damage to resemble the clone's final moments in the film when he fights (and is killed by) Megatron. Unlike the other Deluxe Class toys in the series, Final Battle Jazz is packaged in robot mode and with a movie accurate weapon.

 * Transformers Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2007)
 * A Target exclusive, repainted in Generation 1-style white with racing stripes and decals. The bio on the toy states that Jazz was rebuilt by Ratchet after the fight against Megatron with a new, more eye-catching paint job.

 * Transformers Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2008)
 * A Target exclusive, packaged in robot mode and inside a clear, cylindrical package. Features light blue highlights on parts of the robot's body to simulate the Allspark's effects.

 * Transformers Premium Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2008)
 * A redeco of the Deluxe Jazz with metallic paint.

 * Transformers Legends Jazz redeco (2008)
 * A redeco of Legends class Jazz, with blue windows. Comes in a 2-pack with Legends Bonecrusher.

 * Transformers Legends Battle Jazz (2008)
 * A redeco of Legends Jazz with blue windows and black to represent battle damage. Comes in a 2-pack with Ice Megatron.

 * Transformers Human Alliance Jazz with Captain Lennox (2010)
 * An all-new, Voyager Class-sized mold of Jazz with extensive detail and articulation. Comes with a 2-inch action figure of Capt. William Lennox that fits on the car mode's seats or man Jazz's auxiliary weapons. Also comes with a silver motorcycle (similar to the one Lennox rode during the final battle on the first film) that transforms into Jazz's shielded gun.
 * Two variants are known to be available: one with clear headlamps and the other with frosted headlamps.

 * Dark of the Moon Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2011)
 * A Target exclusive black redeco of the 2007 Deluxe figure with translucent parts and Cybertronian markings.

 * Transformers Studio Series Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2018)
 * An all new Jazz toy was released as part of the second wave of Studio Series Deluxe Class figures. Jazz has a more screen-accurate appearance, and he includes his retractable hand shield that was shown in the film.

Non-transforming merchandise

 * Transformers Robot Replicas Autobot Jazz (2007)
 * A poseable, non-transforming action figure equipped with a Crescent Cannon that can be attached on either arm.

Other media
Jazz made a cameo appearance in the fourth episode of the seventh season of the American television comedy series 30 Rock as part of a Mitt Romney propaganda video aimed towards black voters.

Transformers Animated
In December 2007, drawings were leaked on the internet of Jazz's robot appearance in the Transformers Animated television series, debuting on "The Elite Guard". Jazz is a trained Cybertronian ninja, and wields a pair of Nunchaku in battle. He is more advanced than Prowl, though he is still impressed by Prowl's competency. His overall personality reflects that of his Generation 1 incarnation and he's quite open-minded when it concerns humans and their culture. In his own words, "Any species that can come up with a sweet ride like this, can't be all bad."

Jazz is depicted as the second-in-command of the Cybertron Elite Guard team under Sentinel Prime. He arrives on Earth with Ultra Magnus and Sentinel Prime and quickly adapts to Earth's culture. Throughout the series, Jazz shows a balanced approach to leadership and exhibits a strong moral compass, standing out as one of the more open-minded Autobots when dealing with humans and Earth customs. He teams up with various Autobots like Prowl and Bumblebee in missions to battle Decepticons and to investigate Allspark fragments. His alignment with Sentinel Prime begins to waver as he starts questioning Sentinel's personal ambitions over the collective good of the Autobots.

Jazz's character undergoes significant development in later episodes, including "Transwarped" and "Endgame," where he takes on mentorship roles and demonstrates advanced combat skills. After discerning that Sentinel Prime's objectives are becoming self-centered, he elects to leave the Elite Guard and officially joins Optimus Prime's Earth team. During the series finale, he collaborates with Prowl to neutralize threatening Omega Supreme clones by assembling AllSpark fragments. Despite the heartbreaking loss of Prowl, who sacrifices himself to save Detroit, Jazz continues to exemplify Autobot ideals. He returns to Cybertron with Optimus Prime’s team, the captured Megatron, and Prowl’s remains, indicating his commitment to the Autobot cause and honoring his fallen comrade.

Toys

 * Animated Deluxe Autobot Jazz (2008)
 * The basic to-scale transforming figure. Transforms from sports car to robot and carries two gray Nunchaku.
 * The mold for this figure is also used for the BotCon 2011 exclusive Deluxe Dead End.

 * Animated Bumper Battlers Jazz (2008)
 * A simple children's toy of Jazz that pulls back and pops up upon hitting an object.

 * Animated Bumper Battlers Stealth Ninja Jazz (canceled)
 * A silver redeco of the Bumper Battlers toy. First mentioned on a Walmart computer listing in July 2008. Despite seeing a limited release on Australia, further release of the toy worldwide was canceled.

 * Animated Deluxe Freeway Jazz (2009)
 * A redeco of the original Deluxe figure with a new deco of silver and gold, resembling the colors of the 2007 film version.

 * Animated TA-29 Deluxe Autobot Jazz (Takara Tomy) (2010)
 * The Japan release version by Takara Tomy is virtually identical to the Hasbro version, with the exception of metallic silver front bumper, side mirrors and Nunchaku holders. Released on July 2010.

Shattered Glass
This Jazz is an evil mirror-universe version of the Generation 1 character According to his tech specs, Jazz and his brother Ricochet serve as Optimus Prime's powerful and merciless bodyguards. He and his brother were created in an experiment by Optimus Prime.

Jazz's speech mannerisms ("I pity the tool that thinks he can force me to climb a tower.") are based upon those of Mr. T. He seems to dislike heights, a possible reference to Mr. T's character B. A. Baracus on the A-Team series.

Reception
The Botcon 2008 set was chosen as the "Action Figure Digest Hot Pick."

Fun Publications
Jazz appears in the 2008 April Fool's comic "Shattered Expectations" by Fun Publications where he, Goldbug, and Grimlock attempt a raid, but are confronted by Starscream and Razorclaw, who in turn call in the 'Mayhem Suppression Squad'.

Jazz appears as a member of Optimus Prime's forces in the Transformers: Timelines story "Shattered Glass". He is seen witnessing the execution of Rumble and then laughing when Optimus Prime shoots Cliffjumper. Jazz later takes part in the defense of the Ark launch site from a Decepticon attack, where he expressed concern at being bombed by a plane.

Jazz appears in the fiction "Dungeons & Dinobots" among the Autobots who attack the Arch-Ayr fuel dump. He is later sent to capture rogue Dinobots for the Autobots. He is part of the group that captures Swoop.

In "Do Over", Jazz reports that the launch of the Ark will happen on time to Optimus Prime, but then lets it slip that his brother Ricochet has captured Megatron, leading to Optimus Prime rushing off to destroy his adversary personally just before the Ark launch.

Toys

 * Timelines Deluxe Jazz (2008)
 * A BotCon '08 exclusive white redeco of Cybertron Crosswise and Smokescreen with a new head that resembles his G1 counterpart. Much like the original Jazz toy, his car mode is decorated with Martini Racing-style livery, with the addition of labels that read "Massacre Racing" and "Kill to Win". This figure is 13 centimeters long in vehicle mode, whereas a real Bugatti Veyron is 447 centimeters long, so the toy is at a scale of about 1:34. The toy stands about 14 centimeters tall in robot mode, which means Jazz would stand about 481 centimeters (15 feet 10 inches) tall.
 * The mold of this figure was also used for Jazz's partner Ricochet, which was given as a freebie to pre-registered guests at BotCon '08.

Aligned continuity
Jazz started out as a friend to Orion Pax, before Orion became Optimus Prime.

Books
Appears in Transformers: Exodus, Transformers: Exiles and Transformers: Retribution. Jazz was Orion Pax's friend before the war for Cybertron began, and served as a messenger under the caste system. He and Orion discussed Megatron, with Jazz offering his friend advice and later serving as a sparring partner. After Orion was named Optimus Prime, Jazz became his second-in-command throughout fighting on Cybertron and after the Ark left the planet. Jazz was known for his sarcastic sense of humor and his tendency to informally address Optimus as "OP."

Games
Jazz appears as an arena boss in the Transformers: War For Cybertron - Autobots video game for the Nintendo DS. On the console versions of the game, Jazz makes a few appearances in the campaign level "Kaon Prison Break".

Jazz appears in Transformers: Fall of Cybertron and his campaign mission sends him hurtling into danger. He forms a buddy bond with the Autobot stealthy assassin Cliffjumper. He has a grappling hook that shoots a beam of energy and clings to a surface, speeding the Autobot warrior to the other side. At first Jazz and Cliffjumper fly to the Sea of Rust, with Sideswipe, to find Grimlock, but, stumble on to something big. Jazz finds Shockwave talking to Starscream about a building he found in the Sea of Rust. Cliffjumper then tries to kill Shockwave, but fails, then Shockwave calls in insecticons to kill Jazz, while Cliffjumper trying to activate a meltdown. Then they both escape and are saved by Sideswipe. Later on in the game, in the Ark Jazz comes to the rescue to defeat Bruticus. With the help of Jetfire, Jazz manages to defeat Bruticus.

TV series
Jazz appears in Transformers: Robots in Disguise, voiced by Arif S. Kinchen. In the episode "Can You Dig It?", Jazz is sent to Earth by the Autobot High Council to investigate Fixit's distress call after the Alchemor crash-landed on Earth. He assists Bumblebee and his team in apprehending the Decepticon Ped, being partnered with Sideswipe for most of the episode; Sideswipe soon viewing Jazz as a mentor figure. After Ped was apprehended, Jazz left to smooth things over with the council over Bumblebee's team being on Earth, promising Sideswipe that he would return.

However, when Jazz returned to Cybertron he learned he was blacklisted by the council for his support of the Autobots and joined up with Optimus to investigate exactly what the council was up to. Later returning to Earth with the rest of Optimus Primes team in the final season.

Toys

 * Generations Fall of Cybertron Deluxe Jazz (2012)
 * A new mold of Jazz, includes a blaster and transforms into a Cybertronian car.

Kre-O Transformers
Jazz is an Autobot aligned Kre-O and Kreon.

Fictional biography
"Bam! It's AUTOBOT JAZZ here and I'm just aching for some downright magnificent DECEPTICON beat-downs. But, OPTIMUS PRIME told me in that big serious voice of his, 'Restraint in battle is a virtue we must maintain.' Blah, blah, blah, I want to get out there and kick some DECEPTICON tail pipe!

Favorite Pastime: Visiting the KREON bloxing clubs to catch a fight with my crew.

Favorite Song: 'Nothin' But A Bot Thing'

Favorite Sport: Demolition derby."

Animated series
Kreon Jazz appeared in the animated short "Last Bot Standing", where he attended a tag-team wrestling match.

Kreon Jazz appeared in the animated short "Bot Stars", where he attended a robot dance competition.

Kreon Jazz appeared in the animated short "The Big Race", where he was among the Autobots waiting at the finish line as a race.

Toys

 * Transformers Kre-O Autobot Jazz (2011)
 * A Lego-like building block kit of Jazz with 122 pieces to assemble in either race car or robot mode. Comes with 2-inch Kreon figures of G1 Jazz and a human driver.

title: Jazz (Transformers)


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Festivus/archive1

Festivus
Festivus, the holiday created by Dan O'Keefe in 1966 and later made famous by Seinfeld (the show for which O'Keefe's son would write episodes) is tomorrow, 23 December. It would be timely if this growing holiday phenomenon were to be the featured article tomorrow. —ExplorerCDT 17:55, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Object - There is no discernible lead section (a couple paragraphs to note the significance of the subject before the first section header); there is no history of the day from before its use on the show except to mention that it was created in 1966; did Mr. O'Keefe do anything to promote the holiday before it appeared on the show? leaving this to one sentence leaves me to wonder what happened in those 30 intervening years; if the external links were used as references, they should be labeled as such. As an aside, nominating an article just a day or two before its event and requesting it to be on the front page isn't very realistic unless the article is of truly exceptional quality; regardless of its quality, however, I don't think one day is sufficient lead time to get through the votes/feedback/update cycle. slambo 18:31, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Not a bad effort at all, but it needs a fair bit of expansion before I'd consider it featured quality, and obviously there's no way it can be on the main page tomorrow. The NYT article looks like it might be a good source for more info, and somebody could watch the episode over again and take notes on a few more jokes and details regarding Festivus. Everyking 18:38, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Tomorrow's featured article is Duran Duran. --[[User:Brian0918|brian0918 talk]] 19:25, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Ah, o.k. They were innovative, but even that didn't save them from being a crappy band. ;-) —ExplorerCDT 19:50, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)


text: User talk:65.195.121.66

title: User talk:65.195.121.66


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Category:Shimane Prefecture

Shimane Prefecture (島根県 Shimane-ken) is a prefecture located in the Chūgoku region on Honshū island, Japan. The capital is the city of Matsue.

title: Category:Shimane Prefecture


text:
Mary Haas

Mary Rosamond Haas (January 23, 1910 – May 17, 1996) was an American linguist who specialized in North American Indian languages, Thai, and historical linguistics. She served as president of the Linguistic Society of America. She was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

Early life and education
Haas was born in Richmond, Indiana. She attended high school and Earlham College in Richmond.

She completed her PhD in linguistics at Yale University in 1935 at the age of 25, with a dissertation titled A Grammar of the Tunica Language. In the 1930s, Haas worked with the last native speaker of Tunica, Sesostrie Youchigant, producing extensive texts and vocabularies.

Early work in linguistics
Haas undertook graduate work on comparative philology at the University of Chicago. She studied under Edward Sapir, whom she would follow to Yale. She began a long career in linguistic fieldwork, studying various languages during the summer months.

Over the ten-year period from 1931 to 1941, Haas studied the Wakashan language Nitinat (Ditidaht), as well as a number of languages that were mainly originally spoken in the American southeast: Tunica, Natchez, Creek, Koasati, Choctaw, Alabama, Cherokee and Hichiti. Her first published paper, A Visit to the Other World, a Nitinat Text, written in collaboration with Morris Swadesh, was published in 1933.

Shortly after, Haas conducted fieldwork with Watt Sam and Nancy Raven, the last two native speakers of the Natchez language in Oklahoma. Her extensive unpublished field notes have constituted the most reliable source of information on the now dead language. She conducted extensive fieldwork on the Creek language, and was the first modern linguist to collect extensive texts in the language. Her Creek texts were published after her death in a volumed edited and translated by Jack B. Martin, Margaret McKane Mauldin, and Juanita McGirt.

Career at the University of California-Berkeley
During World War II, the United States government viewed the study and teaching of Southeast Asian languages as important to the war effort, and under the auspices of the Army Specialized Training Program at the University of California at Berkeley, Haas developed a program to teach the Thai language. Her authoritative Thai-English Students' Dictionary, published in 1964, is still in use.

In 1948, she was appointed assistant professor of Thai and Linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley Department of Oriental Languages, an appointment she attributed to Peter A. Boodberg, whom she described as "ahead of his time in the way he treated women scholars—a scholar was a scholar in his book". She became one of the founding members of the UC-Berkeley Department of Linguistics when it was established in 1953. She was a long-term chair of the department, and she was Director of the Survey of California Indian Languages at Berkeley from 1953 to 1977. She retired from Berkeley in 1977, and in 1984 she was elected a Berkeley Fellow.

Mary Haas died at her home in Berkeley, California, on May 17, 1996, at the age of 86.

Role in teaching
Haas was noted for her dedication to teaching linguistics, and to the role of the linguist in language instruction. Her student Karl V. Teeter pointed out in his obituary of Haas that she trained more Americanist linguists than her former instructors Edward Sapir and Franz Boas combined: she supervised fieldwork in Americanist linguistics by more than 100 doctoral students. As a founder and director of the Survey of California Indian Languages, she advised nearly fifty dissertations, including those of many linguists who would go on to be influential in the field, including William Bright (Karok), William Shipley (Maidu), Robert Oswalt (Kashaya), Karl Teeter (Wiyot), Catherine Callaghan (Penutian),  Margaret Langdon (Diegueño), Sally McLendon (Eastern Pomo), Victor Golla (Hupa), Marc Okrand (Mutsun), Kenneth Whistler (Proto-Wintun), Douglas Parks (Pawnee and Arikara), William Jacobsen (Washo), and others.

Personal life
She married Morris Swadesh, a fellow linguist, in 1931. They divorced in 1937.

Awards and honors
In 1963, Haas served as president of the Linguistic Society of America. She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1964. She was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1974, and she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1978. She received honorary doctorates from Northwestern University in 1975, the University of Chicago in 1976, Earlham College, 1980, and the Ohio State University in 1980.

Notable students
Haas trained many notable linguists, including the following:
 * James Matisoff
 * Margaret Langdon
 * Terrence Kaufman
 * Anthony C. Woodbury
 * William O. Bright
 * William A. Foley
 * John W. Du Bois
 * Wick R. Miller
 * William F. Shipley
 * Karl V. Teeter
 * William C. Sturtevant
 * Marc Okrand

Selected publications

 * The Thai system of writing, 1943. American Council of Learned Societies.
 * Spoken Thai, 1945 [co-authored with Heng R. Subhanka]. Linguistic Society of America.
 * Thai reader, 1945, Berkeley.
 * Tunica texts, 1950. University of California publications in linguistics, 6.1. Berkeley: University of California Press. 173pp.
 * Thai vocabulary, 1955. American Council of Learned Societies. ISBN 978-0879502652
 * The prehistory of languages, 1960. Mouton. [Reprint 2018] ISBN 9789027906816
 * Thai-English student's dictionary, 1964. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804705677
 * Language, culture, and history : essays, 1978. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804709835
 * Creek (Muskogee) texts, 2015. [co-authored with James H. Hill]. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520286429

title: Mary Haas