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Agha Shahid Ali

Agha Shahid Ali Qizilbash (4 February 1949 – 8 December 2001) was an Indian-American poet who immigrated to the United States and became affiliated with the literary movement known as New Formalism in American poetry. His collections include A Walk Through the Yellow Pages, The Half-Inch Himalayas, A Nostalgist's Map of America, The Country Without a Post Office, and Rooms Are Never Finished, the latter a finalist for the National Book Award in 2001.

The University of Utah Press awards the Agha Shahid Ali Poetry Prize annually in memory of this "celebrated poet and beloved teacher."

Early life and education
Agha Shahid Ali was born on February 4, 1949, in New Delhi in the Union of India, into an illustrious Qizilbashi Agha family from Srinagar, Kashmir, tracing their roots back to Kandahar, Afghanistan. He grew up in India's Kashmir Valley, and left for the United States in 1976. Shahid's father Agha Ashraf Ali was a renowned educationist. His grandmother Begum Zaffar Ali was the first woman matriculate of Kashmir. Shahid was educated at the Burn Hall School, later University of Kashmir and Hindu College, University of Delhi. He earned a PhD in English from Pennsylvania State University in 1984, and an M.F.A. from the University of Arizona in 1985. He held teaching positions at nine universities and colleges in India and the United States.

Shahid was born a Shia Muslim, but his upbringing was secular. Shahid and his brother Iqbal both studied at an Irish Catholic parochial school and, in an interview, he recalled that: "There was never a hint of any kind of parochialism in the home."

Literary work
Ali expressed his love and concern for his people in In Memory of Begum Akhtar and The Country Without a Post Office, which was written with the Kashmir conflict as a backdrop. He was a translator of Urdu poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz (The Rebel's Silhouette; Selected Poems), and editor for the Middle East and Central Asia segment of Jeffery Paine's Poetry of Our World. He also compiled the volume Ravishing DisUnities: Real Ghazals in English. His last book was Call Me Ishmael Tonight, a collection of English ghazals, and his poems are featured in American Alphabets: 25 Contemporary Poets (2006) and other anthologies.

Ali taught at the MFA Program for Poets & Writers at University of Massachusetts Amherst, at the MFA Writing Seminars at Bennington College as well as at creative writing programs at SUNY-Binghamton, University of Utah, Baruch College, Warren Wilson College, Hamilton College and New York University.

J&K authorities have removed three poems – "Postcard from Kashmir", "In Arabic" and "The Last Saffron" from the curriculum of University of Kashmir and two poems, "I see Kashmir from New Delhi at Midnight" and "Call me Ishmael Tonight" from the Cluster University. Education advisors in Delhi/Srinagar have maintained that such "Resistance Literature" sustains "secessionist mindset, aspiration & narrative" among students.

Personal life and death
Ali never married. He was gay. He died of brain cancer in December 2001 and was buried in Northampton, Massachusetts, in the vicinity of Amherst, a town sacred to his beloved poet Emily Dickinson.

Poetry

 * Bone Sculpture (1972),
 * In Memory of Begum Akhtar and Other Poems (1979),
 * The Half-Inch Himalayas (1987),
 * A Walk Through the Yellow Pages (1987),
 * A Nostalgist's Map of America (1991),
 * The Beloved Witness: Selected Poems (1992),
 * The Country Without a Post Office (1997),
 * Rooms Are Never Finished (2001),
 * Call Me Ishmael Tonight: A Book of Ghazals (2003).

Translations and edited volumes

 * Translator, The Rebel's Silhouette: Selected Poems by Faiz Ahmed Faiz (1992),
 * Editor, Ravishing Disunities: Real Ghazals in English (2000).

Influences
Ali was deeply moved by the music of Begum Akhtar. The two had met through a friend of Akhtar's when Ali was a teenager and her music became a lasting presence in his life. Features of her ghazal rendition—such as wit, wordplay and nakhra (affectation)—were present in Ali's poetry as well. However, Amitav Ghosh suspects that the strongest connection between the two rose from the idea that "sorrow has no finer mask than a studied lightness of manner"—traces of which were seen in Ali's and Akhtar's demeanor in their respective lives.

Awards

 * Pushcart Prize
 * Guggenheim Fellowship in 1996
 * Bread Loaf Writers' Conference Fellowship
 * Ingram-Merrill Foundation Fellowship
 * New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship

title: Agha Shahid Ali


text:
Jim Underwood (professor)

Jim D. Underwood is a professor of management at Dallas Baptist University and the author of numerous books about business, including the best-selling More Than a Pink Cadillac: Mary Kay Inc.'s Nine Leadership Keys to Success (2003) about Mary Kay Ash.

Education

 * B.B.A., Texas Wesleyan University
 * M.B.A., University of Dallas
 * M.A., Dallas Theological Seminary
 * D.B.A., United States International University

Works

 * The Significance Breakthrough, 2011
 * Character and Success, 2011
 * The Ethics Trap, 2011
 * The Invisible Wall, 2010
 * More Than A Pink Cadillac, 2004
 * What's Your Corporate IQ?, 2004
 * Competitor Intelligence, 2002
 * Complexity and Paradox, 2002
 * The New Corporate Strategy, 2002
 * Thriving in E-Chaos, 2002
 * The Significance Principle, 1998

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jim Underwood (professor)


text:
Lagrange Point (video game)

Lagrange Point (ラグランジュポイント) is a role-playing video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer. The game was released exclusively in Japan on April 26, 1991. The title of the game references Lagrangian points, the five positions in space where a body of negligible mass could be placed which would then maintain its position relative to two existing massive bodies.

Lagrange Point has the distinction of being one of only two games ever released with Konami's Virtual ROM Controller VII (VRC7) sound generator integrated circuit, which allowed for a drastic improvement in the quality of the music and sound effects used in the game. The game was never localized for Western audiences, however, an unofficial English translation was released in 2014 by Aeon Genesis.

Plot
In the 22nd century, mankind has begun to emigrate into outer space. Three huge space colonies were constructed at a Lagrange point: the Isis Cluster; two artificial biospheres, named Land-1 and Land-2, and a satellite. In the year 0024 (55 years after the cluster was constructed), a biohazard outbreak occurred on Land 2. All attempts at contact were met with nothing but static. Now a research team led by their pilot, Gene, (ジン) approaches Land-1. Upon arrival, the team was attacked by a group of robots and the shuttle exploded due to the damage during the battle, knocking Gene out immediately after.

Gene then awakened in the medical centre of Isis City to find one of his team members fatally wounded. Said team member informs Gene that their goal was to find Stolte, (シュトルテ) a researcher at Land-2's Bio Research Lab, and Gene sets off to find him, wherever he is in Land-2.

title: Lagrange Point (video game)


text:
User talk:Mirv/Archive 10

Administrator powers
If I have misused my magic powers in any way, this is the place to tell me.

Protection
Every page I protect is on the wrong version, of course, so to conserve valuable electrons, just leave a link to the page and a number from the list. Thanks.

If I accidentally protected a page to which I have made substantive edits, tell me here. I will unprotect it immediately.

Deletion
Did I speedy-delete something that wasn't a candidate? Did I delete something for which there was no consensus to delete? Tell me here.

Rollback
Did I use the admin "rollback" feature on one of your edits without warning or explanation? Then I probably thought you were vandalizing, spamming, or otherwise editing in malice, and chances are good that you were: most of my rollbacks are of such edits. If you want to know why I reverted your edit, append your question to the end of this talk page.

Template:Waytoomanyboxes
Cyrius caught it (damn, I almost thought I slipped under the radar! :-) I've seen more than one page now where people are just stacking up tags: attention, VfD, speedy is a popular combo, as is totallydisputed, VfD, cleanup... I wrote this as a metajoke. Thanks for the CSS tip, but I'm actually thinking of our readers, who don't have this luxury (at least not in an obvious way). People just shouldn't go crazy with template notices like that, but I'm guessing that's not going to become policy any time soon. :-) 82.92.119.11 01:11, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I have exactly the same complaint; people are using these ugly tags rather than doing the actual work of cleaning up or improving the article. . . Unfortunately, you're quite right that they're too popular to be easily gotten rid of, which is why I just hide them with my CSS and forget about them. —No-One Jones 01:24, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

proxycheck
Hi Mirv, I just thought I'd let you know that proxycheck (which you linked to from your "Open proxies" page) works just fine under Windows, too, if you compile it under Cygwin. ^^ -- Schneelocke (cheeks clone)   01:17, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the tip. Now if only I knew the first thing about compiling. . . :) —No-One Jones 01:24, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Running "./configure" and "make" after unpacking the tarball is all you need to do. ^^ I haven't tried to actually use the tool yet, though. -- Schneelocke (cheeks clone)   05:12, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

ArbCom elections
Oh! So close. Sorry you didn't make it into the ArbCom. You would have been a great arbitrator. But look at it this way: you now get most of the credit (by being just a few votes shy) but without any of the responsibility. Cheers! – Quadell (talk) (help)  18:08, Dec 20, 2004 (UTC)

Jewbacca Block?
He violated 3RR on AIPAC: Four reverts in less than five hours. One is a partial revert.   --Wiesenthaler 07:08, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Please note, Wiesenthaler is an alleged sock puppet (see wikipuppets), and the diffs provided are useless. Jewbacca did not violate the 3RR.--Viriditas  | Talk 11:14, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)

RFA thanks
Salve, Mirv! I wanted to drop you a line to thank you for your support in my successful RFA candidacy. It was very gratifying to see the kind remarks posted in the debate. Ave! PedanticallySpeaking 17:31, Dec 21, 2004 (UTC)

List of ethnic slurs
Mirv, thank you for editing List of ethnic slurs. I was just about to sit down to tackle it myself and wasn't looking forward to it. Slim 07:51, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * You're welcome—but you know, in the time you spent reverting and arguing with Wiesenthaler, you probably could have fixed it yourself. Oh well. . . —Charles P. (Mirv) 08:06, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't agree. I didn't (and still don't) know which of the racial slurs that editor put up are "legitimate" slurs, in the sense of being published elsewhere already. There would be no point in editing his descriptions if he had invented the slurs, so I was faced with going onto Google to check for sources, which is time-consuming. I was about to start doing that when I saw you had edited it, which is why I was grateful.

I'm confused as to why this page has special status in Wikipedia. Edits are normally required to be referenced, especially if contentious. The more contentious, the more reputable the source is supposed to be. No original research is allowed, no novel narratives, and all editors must follow CIte sources and Verifiability. Yet on the slurs page, it seems, people can write whatever they want. Slim 19:25, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

User:Nasrallah Block?
Probable sockpuppet User:Nasrallah has violated the three revert rule while vandalizing my User page (User:Wiesenthaler). Am I allowed to revert my own User page more than three times? --Wiesenthaler 17:28, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * It's a gray area; I certainly wouldn't block someone for too many reverts of vandalism to his own userspace, but some sysops might; the best way to deal with it would be to revert three times and take it to WP:VIP afterwards. I'll block Nasrallah now, as s/he clearly deserves it. I think I may have to have a chat with Tim Starling as well. —Charles P. (Mirv) 17:36, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * You're going to block Nasrallah for writing that Wiesenthaler is a sockpuppet on his user page, which the latter has admitted. But you will not block Wiesenthaler for calling other editors pigs and bastards; for vandalizing Yasser Arafat; for inserting material about incinerated Jews into the Ethnic slurs page; for the Nazi and Zionist remarks; for writing jou instead of you; for writing I like kike on his user page, etc etc etc. There's something seriously wrong here. I would like to see how fast a white supremacist would be blocked if he wrote I like n*****s on his user page. Slim 19:31, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * Do you miss Viriditas/Nasrallah that much already? --Wiesenthaler 19:48, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * You're going to block Nasrallah for writing that Wiesenthaler is a sockpuppet on his user page, which the latter has admitted.—I blocked him for editing a user's userpage against that user's expressed will, i.e. for vandalism. you will not block Wiesenthaler for calling other editors pigs and bastards [. . .] for the Nazi and Zionist remarks. . .—I might be able to; sockpuppets created to violate policies may be blocked, but if he's a sockpuppet of the users he's accused of being, it would be pointless; those users hurl personal attacks as a matter of course and are currently in arbitration at least in part for that behavior. for vandalizing Yasser Arafat—You may want to re-read Vandalism, which explicitly lays out what is and is not vandalism, and reconsider that statement. for inserting material about incinerated Jews into the Ethnic slurs page—I'm not in the habit of blocking users for adding relevant, on-topic information, no matter how offensive that information is. If I did that sort of thing I have no doubt that I'd be desysopped promptly. for writing I like kike on his user page, etc etc etc.—People write all kinds of crap on their user pages; Wik maintained a lengthy hate list on his for some time and was never blocked for it. One sysop currently openly professes bias against millions upon millions of people on his user page. It's best either to ignore this kind of thing, politely ask the user to take it down, or remove it yourself with an explanation; and again, if I went around blocking people because someone found their user pages offensive, I'd be drummed out of sysopship quicklike. —Charles P. (Mirv) 22:52, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * And Wiesenthaler's edit summary on the history page for the edit above is "Something stinks alright. Better check your souls for dog feces" That's the kind of language a number of editors have had to put up with incessantly since Wiesenthaler arrived on the scene, on Talk pages, in edit histories and on User Talk pages. Yet here he is, still editing. Slim 20:02, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * How long have editors been putting up with the abuse and racist Zionist POV biases of you, Viriditas, Jayjg, Jewbacca, Humus sapiens, IZAK, Lance6Wins, Yoshiah, MathKnight, Gamaliel, Evolver of Borg, Jfdwolff, etc etc etc? --Wiesenthaler 20:15, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Since there is a bug in the IP blocking system that prevents blocks for expiring, I was browsing through the blocked IPs list to see if there were any addresses expiring, for me to manually unblock (since that's what many admins are doing). I found User:Wiesenthaler there, expiring at 21:16, 22 Dec 2004. That's why I unblocked him. However, only then I thought of taking a look at his talk page, where I found a message by you left there (who was also the one who blocked said user), saying he got banned for life. Now I know I don't have anything to do with this, so I can't really know what's being going on with that user but all I want to know is, did I do anything wrong? He was indeed expiring just now, so how could he have gotten a permanent block?

 * Either ways, I apologize if I did something wrong there. I'll wait for a response.--Kaonashi 17:14, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Indefinite blocks, like the one I placed on Wiesenthaler, incorrectly show the current time and date as the date of expiration. Unblocking him was a (perfectly understandable) mistake, but I don't think it matters: he told me in private correspondence that he will no longer be using that account or any others. —Charles P. (Mirv) 18:51, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * And yet he is still editing even today using other sockpuppets. Let's just restore the block, to ensure that he isn't tempted to resurrect this particular sockpuppet. Jayjg  |  (Talk)  19:04, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Alright then, I understand. Thanks for clearing that up.

 * Jayjg, really? That's pretty bad.--Kaonashi 19:30, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Need urgent Help in dispute resolution
I need your help (may be you can refer me to some body if you are on vacation). It is very urgent in dispute resolution.

Thanks

Zain 22:16, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

3RR Violation by Irishpunktom
Hello, this is over at Yasser Arafat

Irishpunktom reverted 4x in 23 minutes as follows:

Reverted Jayjg 23:44 Dec 22 to his previous version

Reverted Mperel 23:35 Dec 22 to his previous version

Reverted Jayjg 23:27 Dec 22 to his previous version

Reverted Jayjg 23:21, Dec 22  to his previous version

Actually reverted a fifth time under his ip 195.7.55.146 12:23 Dec 22 to his previous version

--MPerel 00:25, Dec 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * How many times, and to how many people are you going to post this? Why not just talk to me? --Is Mise le Méas, Irishpunktom 01:13, Dec 23, 2004 (UTC)
 * Why not just talk to me?—Isn't it obvious? If you go tattling to sysops, you don't have to do the hard work of addressing edits on their merit and thus have a better chance of establishing your POV. Notice how during this dispute, MPerel didn't even edit Talk:Yasser Arafat before spamming the above complaint. —Charles P. (Mirv) 19:41, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Hello. I did talk to him here in Talk when I tried to discuss the merits and problems with this particular set of edits he was making. His only response was to ignore me and revert several others and me back to his version.  Tattling?  I've been here for a couple of months now and this is the first time I've asked for admin help.  I asked a couple of admins like you who I observed have been involved in handling revert issues in these particular articles because I thought that was appropriate.  I knew you had an obvious bias, but I actually believed you would be neutral.  I see I expected too much, that you are only willing to enforce rules on behalf of editors who hold your POV.  Don't worry, I won't ask for your help again.  --MPerel 20:27, Dec 23, 2004 (UTC)
 * I did talk to him—for the last two items there, you offered no evidence but a flat statement for the supposed "irrelevance" and ignored this comment, which went some way towards explaining it; you also said (two days ago) that you "didn't have time at the moment to address it", but apparently you had time to keep reverting it. (The other points seemed the kind of minor disagreements that can be addressed by minor editing rather than wholesale reverting, and I don't know why neither of you tried that.)His only response was to ignore me and revert several others and me back to his version.—and to answer the question of its relevance that Jayjg raised; see previous link. Tattling? I've been here for a couple of months now and this is the first time I've asked for admin help.—Doing something for the first time is still doing something. I actually believed you would be neutral. I see I expected too much, that you are only willing to enforce rules on behalf of editors who hold your POV.—Please don't presume dishonesty: You left the above message about 20 minutes after I logged off on December 23. When I returned around 06:42 the same day, I read the message and saw that it checked out. Since the matter had been called to my attention, I believed I would have to place the block; however, Ambi had already blocked him at 06:08, so there was no need. I've blocked users who hold my POV and I've blocked users who hold opposing PsOV, but I'm getting sick of doing it, as it always causes a huge fuss that simply isn't worth the time and stress. I've received far too many 3RR notifications; yours was simply the last straw. From now on I'm just going to ignore all of them unless they meet the conditions stated in the frontmatter. —Charles P. (Mirv) 20:56, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I didn't even realize someone had blocked him. Charles, listen, I have probably overreacted and I apologize.  This was sort of a last straw for me as well, I've gotten a little disheartened by some of the hate speech going on around Wiki lately and it has me a little frustrated and sensitive to even minor infractions.  Normally, I probably wouldn't have jumped on IrishPunktom or you like this.  Maybe I just need a little break from this place...  --MPerel 21:27, Dec 23, 2004 (UTC)
 * I've probably overreacted too; like I said, it was nothing about your complaint specifically that bothered me, you just walked in at the moment my patience ran out. A break might be helpful; I've found that avoiding the .1 percent of articles and users that are responsible for 90% of the fighting, instead just sticking to uncontroversial editing in uncontroversial areas, can do wonders for my attitude towards Wikipedia. It makes me realize that nearly every user here can and does work cooperatively on building a high-quality free encyclopedia, and that editing doesn't have to be a vicious battle. —Charles P. (Mirv) 22:03, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

List of Palestinian children killed by Israelis in 2004
Charles, it's easy when I manage to miscount the transwikis. I mean, I looked at my own tally and came up about the same as you, I can't explain that. What's the proper procedure for transwiki'ing the content (which I'd be happy to do, as there isn't consensus to keep the material here). Mackensen (talk) 17:36, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't have an account on wikisource, and I don't know that they'd appreciate a massive dump of information. Mackensen (talk) 17:39, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

My own count comes up much the same. I do see a consensus. If you consider that both transwiki and delete move the material out of Wikipedia, then there's a consensus that this material should not be here. However, I agree that there isn't a consensus to destroy the material outright. I think in such a case it would be best to transwiki the material. Mackensen (talk) 17:51, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

From Time Immemorial
Hey, you might want to check out From Time Immemorial - we've got some hard core POV warriors going at it. john k 07:02, 25 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * If you can also take a look at free market. I reverted someone who has been quite active in inserting randriod POV all over the place in recent weeks; I can't do it again because of the 3RR. 172 07:44, 27 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Wik?
Are you sure Gzornenplatz == Wik? Or was that just a witty comment about how both have the same distaste for certain micronations? --Golbez 10:30, Dec 27, 2004 (UTC)
 * In all fairness, whatever one can say about their methods, both Wik and Gzornenplatz are in the right about these "micronation" disputes. 172 12:01, 27 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Perhaps, I have little opinion on the subject. Well, I do have some opinion, on some, but that's not for here. :) I was just curious if Wik were back. I started just before he departed, and at the time he was, IIRC, the #2 contributor (behind only RamMan/RamBot), so to a budding Wikipedian like me, he was somewhat of a legend at the time. I know, odd place for hero worship. ;) --Golbez 18:13, Dec 27, 2004 (UTC)

Open proxies
Hi, I don't quite get how to make sure I block an open proxy. All of the blocks I've recently done save one are of the sollog pattern vandalism. They seem to be switching IP's fast. If you could please check if they are open proxies, we can extend the block longer or infinite I would think. Thanks - Taxman 00:24, Dec 28, 2004 (UTC)

Issues with the rape article
I've tried to put these observations on the talk page or on the temp talk page directly but I'm still having trouble with feeling too churned-up and shaky every time I try.

The way I see it is this: NPOV calls for all points of view, save perhaps for the truly fringe, to be represented fairly. There are, I would say, three main points of view on the issue of false reporting:

 * It is an issue not worthy of serious consideration. Whenever you hear of a supposed "false report" you can be quite sure that it's really a true report, and those calling it "false" are really engaging in victim blaming.  Or, if the victim herself said "no, it didn't actually happen", it really did happen and the victim must have been pressured into retracting her statement.
 * False reporting happens sometimes, but we know that it is not a particularly widespread problem. We know that it is not a particularly widespread problem because the authorities we consult say that it is not particularly widespread.
 * False reporting happens sometimes, and nobody knows just how often it happens. We cannot take the 'authorities' at face value when they say it's not a widespread problem, not when we can find cases where it's very clear false reporting did happen and the authorities whose nose it happened right under say "oh, even though it happened, it's still a 'myth that it happens" and not only refuse to treat the false reporting as a crime but even announce beforehand that they will never do so.  Moreover, when we look at the authorities who are telling us "authorities are agreed that false reporting is almost unknown", we actually find that many of them are discounting anyone who does not agree with that premise from the category of "authorities".

The first of these views is the one which comes closest to being "truly fringe"; however, it was receiving representation in the article, due in no small part to it being the view of our drive-by anon who has come around ten times at last count and tried to make that the only point of view represented by the article. (Ironically, when Kevehs came in and started making accusations about the article being POV-pushing, she cited the mention of this viewpoint as evidence of POV being pushed, as if no one really held that view and it was only being cited as a straw man.)

Between the other two viewpoints, the problem is that so far, the second has failed to acknowledge the existence of the third.

 * The reactions of certain people in positions of authority to a blatant incident of false reporting were quoted to demonstrate that authorities don't always take false reporting seriously, and Kevehs made the accusation that the "second part" of a quote (really the third part) had been left off in order to push a POV -- but the part that was left off was the woman saying "It is rare and this incident in no way minimizes the validity of the other reports." The point is that she wasn't quoted in the first place because she was an expert authority whose view on whether it was rare or not was the one that settled the question; she was quoted because she was the supposedly expert authority who referred to false reporting as a "myth" even when it happened right in her metaphorical backyard, and whose response was not 'what can we learn from this?' but 'we must not learn anything from this; even though we know it happened right here, all other reports are just as valid as we thought this one was until the student came forward and confessed.'

 * The fact that in place after place you can find people claiming "this is what the FBI statistics on false reporting are" and yet they're quoting different numbers was cited in order to make the point that many people who are presuming to speak from authority and presuming to cite authoritative statistics may not in fact be correct. The entire point was dismissed and the whole section removed as "useless speculation"; the actual FBI statistics, Kevehs announced, would be encyclopedic information, but the fact that numerous differing figures are being claimed to be the true FBI statistics, she announced, is useless -- even if it supports that third viewpoint, which is that just because particular authorities announce that the rate is this or that doesn't mean that's the end of the story.

And ... I apologize for probably pushing this over the 32KB limit, but ... I needed to get this out in some semi-coherent form, and I couldn't do it where all my edits were being presumed beforehand to be bad faith. -- Antaeus Feldspar 01:16, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

User:ListenToThis
After re-blocking User:Wiesenthaler, I noticed you blocked User:ListenToThis for violation the 3RR. I see no evidence that ListenToThis has violated the 3RR. And if you block ListenToThis for being a sockpuppet, you should surely block Alberuni's latest sockpuppets Pravda and RomperRoomReject as well. You can't uphold policy by both applying it selectively and violating it. I'm unblocking ListenToThis now. Jayjg |  (Talk)  19:13, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I am not applying policy selectively, nor am I violating it. I blocked ListenToThis for being an obvious sockpuppet created to get around the 3RR; I did not block Pravda or RomperRoomReject because there's nothing wrong with being a sockpuppet as such. It's only when the sockpuppet is clearly being used to dodge certain policies—the 3RR, in this case—that it needs to be blocked. ListenToThis was obviously created only to get in a few extra reverts; it had no user page, no talk page, and no contributions other than making the exact same revert as someone else approximately an hour after that user's third revert. —Charles P. (Mirv) 23:50, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Ah, I see, it's me you're accusing again. Well, it's not the first time you've accused me (falsely as it turns out), and no doubt it won't be the last. In fact, if you are indeed referring to me, it was 5 hours after my 3rd revert, and 4 hours after I entered this latest obvious sockpuppet on the public page for tracking these sockpuppets. Lots of people are now watching that page, and I have no doubt that some of them are pissed off enough with Alberuni and his abusive sockpuppets to reply in kind. As for your sockpuppet sleuthing abilities, they certainly fell down in the case of Nasrallah, from whom I have quite recently received an e-mail, and who turns out to be just a regular person, who no doubt got as sick of Alberuni's abuse as everyone here should be, but somehow isn't. Jayjg |  (Talk)  00:25, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I didn't mean to accuse you of sockpuppetry and I'm sorry if it came off that way. I neither know nor care whose sockpuppet it was, but it was quite plainly a sockpuppet created simply to get in three extra reverts, which is a behavior I want to discourage no matter who's doing it or what their agenda is. As should you. —Charles P. (Mirv) 02:15, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I have discouraged sockpuppetry from all sides, though my primary focus has been the abusive sockpuppet army created by Alberuni. In my view this should have been everyone's primary focus, since these sockpuppets were created to violate Wikipedia's primary policy (which is Civility, not 3RR), and to undermine Wikipedia's fundamental collaborative and consensus building process.  The other sockpuppets seemed to appear mostly in response to Alberuni's many sockpuppets (and in response to the as yet unclassified Goldberg family of sockpuppets), and I felt sure they would disappear when the "Alberuni and friends" sockpuppets went away.  So far I appear to be correct.  The illness was Alberuni's abuse, and that needed to be dealt with first, rather than reactions to it. Jayjg  |  (Talk)  03:04, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Charles, I'm sorry if I didn't make my question clear, and I apologize if it seemed like sarcasm. My point about Irishpunktom was that, sockpuppet or not, s/he violated 3RR, yet you didn't block him/her and you called the 3RR violation report "tattling." Yet with ListenToThis, you did block him/her for suspected 3RR violation. I am therefore genuinely (not sarcastically) asking why you blocked one user for 3RR, but not the other. Slim 02:27, Jan 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * Why are you even asking? You ought to know perfectly well why I did what I did: You quoted nearly all of my conversation with MPerel but left out the part where I explained exactly why I didn't block in that specific case. Had you quoted that part, your question would have been answered. Why didn't you? —Charles P. (Mirv) 03:35, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

HI Charles, I'm getting a little confused because you keep deleting or moving text. My point, again, is this: You blocked ListenToThis because you believed s/he was a sockpuppet to get round 3RR. The main issue for you, as you made very clear, was the 3RR violation, not the sockpuppetry, because in and of itself, as you pointed out, sockpuppetry is not an offense. The issue, therefore, was 3RR violation. However, with Irishpunktom, who clearly did violate 3RR, not only would you not block him/her, you reacted to Mperel's request that you do so with the claim that Mperel was "tattling," and you seemed quite annoyed by the request. Therefore, my question is simply this: given that, for you, the main issue was 3RR violation, not sockpuppetry, why did you block ListenToThis for a perceived 3RR violation, but not Irishpunktom? Slim 03:44, Jan 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * I am not going to answer this question again. If you want to know why I did not block Irishpunktom, read the post in which I explained to MPerel exactly why I did not block in that case (you know where it is) and stop wasting my time. —Charles P. (Mirv) 04:17, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I read it. It doesn't explain the difference in treatment. You're being very rude, and there's no need for it. It's very sad that you regard an editor asking you to explain your blocking policy as a waste of your time. I'll take your lack of an answer as the answer. I hope that, in future, you will try to act consistently, regardless of your own or anyone else's POV. I realize it can be hard to exercise admin powers consistently and I realize mistakes are easy to make, but you're not showing any good faith in fobbing off my queries, and by deleting and moving questions and answers, which served only to confuse and prolong the debate. I will not trouble you again. Slim 04:41, Jan 3, 2005 (UTC)

Dead RfC archive up for deletion
Hello. User:Amgine/Maureen's RfC is up for deletion. You made your views known on requests for page protection, so you might want to consider voting on the deletion. Vacuum c 22:22, Dec 28, 2004 (UTC)

Soviet Union
Will you be able to protect this article? We could also use help trying to calm down a attempting to insert POV. Thanks. 172 23:57, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thank you
Thanks for your support on my RFA request. It seems that had I waited one day with self-nominating, it would have succeeded. Jordi·✆ 09:04, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

InterLink on a protected page
Thank you for fulfilling my request on Wikipedia:Copyrights, I've got one more dating back to November, for Designated agent, as stated in Wikipedia talk:Designated agent. Thank you in advance if you can find a moment for it. Ciao, M7it 02:17, 2 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you again. Ciao, M7it

Edit war
Someone needs to protected Soviet Union right away. Would you be able to do this? Happy New Year. 172 14:23, 4 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * BTW, in case this is confusing, there seems to be some sort of glitch causing the edits that I'd reverted not to show up in the page history. 172 14:33, 4 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Page Protection and 172's Activities
On my calculation it took three minutes from 172's last untimestamped request on your talk page to your protection of the Soviet Union page.

Do you always protect pages on his request?

Do you consider his pattern of misconduct revealed in Arbitration proceedings before you do so?

Do you consider it appropriate that 172 exercises de facto control of the content of articles by ensuring that pages are protected when it suits him and users blocked when they disagree with him. On my count, in the space of a week or so, he has placed about a dozen requests to block me, to protect pages I'm involved with and to even get me banned for doing no more than disagreeing with him and exposing his poor scholarship, which included citing UPI as a definitive source while it is owned by the religious cult the Moonies.

I would appreciate a prompt reply.

Libertas

On my calculation it took three minutes from 172's last untimestamped request on your talk page to your protection of the Soviet Union page.
 * Perhaps because I was active at the time. That's probably why he asked me to protect the page.

Do you always protect pages on his request?
 * I protect pages when I think it's necessary, no matter who requests it. In my experience, when 172 says that a page urgently needs protection, he's usually right.

Do you consider his pattern of misconduct revealed in Arbitration proceedings before you do so?
 * If a page needs protecting, it needs protecting, no matter what some user has done in the past.

''Do you consider it appropriate that 172 exercises de facto control of the content of articles by ensuring that pages are protected when it suits him and users blocked when they disagree with him. On my count, in the space of a week or so, he has placed about a dozen requests to block me, to protect pages I'm involved with and to even get me banned for doing no more than disagreeing with him and exposing his poor scholarship, which included citing UPI as a definitive source while it is owned by the religious cult the Moonies.''
 * I am not familiar with the specifics of whatever disputes exist between you and 172. As is my practice, I did not review the diffs of the editing dispute until after I protected the page, so I had only a vague idea (gleaned from the edit summaries) of what was going on. I do not want to get involved in this dispute, so please do not try to drag me into it.

I would appreciate a prompt reply.
 * I hope this is prompt enough. —Charles P. (Mirv) 00:05, 5 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Admin request
Hi, I just finished an archive and summary of the dispute at Talk:Soviet Union. Because this has been a particularly hairy dispute, I think the archive should be protected. Besides which, it is an archive. (I ask you because your name is on the protection notice of the original article.) Thanks. — Saxifrage | ☎ 22:58, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * That's probably unnecessary: talk pages and their archives are usually not protected unless there's some pressing reason, like an ongoing revert war or persistent vandalism. Neither seems to be a problem for Talk:Soviet Union/Archive 3. —Charles P. (Mirv) 02:20, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * All right, that makes sense. Thanks in any case. — Saxifrage | ☎ 08:49, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)

Libertas RFC
Just wanted to let you know that I've opened a user conduct RFC regarding Libertas, primarily over habitual personal attacks. Your request for him not to make them is included in the evidence section. As such, you might want to certify the basis of the dispute (it's currently awaiting a second certification) or otherwise provide your input. Let me know if you have any concerns. RadicalSubversiv E 03:50, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Um? Is this a cross-post or something? The diff linked doesn't show me telling Libertas anything, and as far as I remember my only conversation with him was in the section above. —Charles P. (Mirv) 04:14, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Not a cross-post, just tired and pasted the wrong diff. Try this one RadicalSubversiv E 04:57, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * That edit is by Improv, not me. . .? Again I don't remember ever advising Libertas against personal attacks. —Charles P. (Mirv) 08:05, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Complete brain fart, somehow had you two completely mixed up in my head. Sorry for pestering you. RadicalSubversiv E 08:35, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * wilful pattern of self abuse—for some reason I don't think RfC was really intended to deal with this sort of thing. :-)
 * *sniggers*, nice one. --fvw *  13:38, 2005 Jan 8 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mirv/Archive 10


text:
Six Memos for the Next Millennium

Six Memos for the Next Millennium (Lezioni americane. Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio) is a book based on a series of lectures written by Italo Calvino for the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures at Harvard, though Calvino died before delivering them. The lectures were written in Italian but were to be given in English in the fall of 1985. There have been two English translations, the first by Patrick Creagh, published in 1988, and the second by Geoffrey Brock, published in 2016.

The "memos" are lectures on certain literary qualities whose virtues Calvino wished to recommend to the then-approaching millennium. He intended to devote one lecture to each of six qualities: lightness, quickness, exactitude, visibility, multiplicity, and consistency. Though he completed the first five, he died before writing the last.

title: Six Memos for the Next Millennium


text:
Por

Por or POR may refer to:

Por

 * Por (Thai word)
 * Por, Armenia, a town
 * Por, a Spanish preposition
 * Por, a Portuguese preposition

POR

 * POR (gene), cytochrome P450 reductase
 * Portugal, IOC country code
 * Power-on reset
 * Program of Record (PoR), a term used in US government procurement
 * The Policy, Organisation and Rules of The Scout Association in the United Kingdom

Politics

 * Partido Obrero Revolucionario (disambiguation), commonly referred to by the Spanish initials POR
 * Party of the Right (disambiguation), any of several organizations

Places

 * Portland Transportation Center, US, Amtrak station code
 * Pori Airport, Finland; IATA airport code
 * Porth railway station, Wales; National Rail station code

Other uses

 * Portland Trail Blazers, a National Basketball Association team that uses this abbreviation for box scores and television scoring displays

title: Por


text:
MEX (windowing system)

mex (multiple exposure) is a windowing system created by Silicon Graphics, used on 68k-based IRIS systems and early IRIS 4D systems. Mex was originally loaded over a network through the utilization of GL1 routines kept on a remote host machine, usually a VAX. When the IRIS 1400 workstation and GL2-W (IRIX) were introduced, mex was allowed to run locally. Mex was used in IRIX from the GL2-W2.1.0 release to the 4D1-2.3 release.

With the introduction of 4D1-3.0 (IRIX 3.0), and the complete migration to MIPS processors, support for the GL / GL2 powered mex ended in the late 1980s, replaced by Sun Microsystems' NeWS and the 4Sight window manager.

title: MEX (windowing system)


text:
Talk:Eros

Comments
This section ---

Eleusinian Mysteries? Can someone please give specific references as to how Eros was worshiped during the Eleusinian Mysteries? I have never heard of this being part of the cult. Henryvick304 (talk) 22:20, 8 August 2011 (UTC)

''According to tradition which was made by Eratosthenes, Eros was principally the patron of male love, while Aphrodite ruled the love between men and women. His statue could be found in the palaestrae or wrestling schools, one of the principal venues for men to associate with their beloveds, and it was to him that the Spartans sacrificed before battle. Meleager records this role in a poem preserved in the Greek Anthology: "The Cyprian queen, a woman, hurls the fire that maddens men for women; but Eros himself sways the passion for males." (Mousa Paidiké, 86)'' --- seemed an insufficiently substantiated opinion, given the numerous examples to the contrary: i.e., Eros giving rise to love in men for women, or women for men, (such as the following examples from http://www.theoi.com/Ouranios/Eros.html):

Seneca, Phaedra 290 ff : "He [Eros] smites maids’ breasts with unknown heat, and bids the very gods leave heaven and dwell on earth in borrowed forms."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7. 110 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) : "Now Eros the wise, the self-taught, the manager of the ages, knocked at the gloomy gates of primeval Khaos. He took out the divine quiver, in which were kept apart twelve firefed arrows for Zeus, when his desire turned towards one or another of mortal women for a bride.

Ovid, Metamorphoses 10. 525 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) : "Once, when Venus’son [Eros] was kissing her, his quiver dangling down, a jutting arrow, unbeknown, had grazed her breast. She pushed the boy away. In face the wound was deeper than it seemed, though unperceived at first. [And she became] enraptured by the beauty of a man [Adonis]."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 15. 220 ff : "The deceiver Eros excited the longing herdsman [Hymnos], and shook him with yet stronger passion [for the nymphe Nikaia]."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48. 470 ff : "Eros drove Dionysos mad for the girl [Aura] with the delicious wound of his arrow, then curving his wings flew lightly to Olympos. And the god roamed over the hills scourged with a greater fire.

Musaeus, Hero and Leander 20 ff (Greek poetry C5th - 6th A.D.) : "And Eros (Love) upstrained his bow, shot forth a single shaft into both cities together, kindling a youth [Leander] and maiden [Hero]."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. 25 ff (trans. Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) : "[Hera addresses Athene :] `We must have a word with Aphrodite. Let us go together and ask her to persuade her boy, if that is possible, to loose an arrow at Aeetes’ daughter, Medea of the many spells, and make her fall in love with Iason . . .’

 * All of those are sources from the First Century CE or later, whereas Eratosthenes was a Hellene of the 3rd Century BCE, and therefore a better source on Greek religion and myth before the Roman conquest (and imposition of foreign cultural perspectives) 208.102.87.91 (talk) 09:28, 28 March 2009 (UTC)

Both of these editors are correct, however, (talk) cannot keep the other definition out of this page. It is a well known historic fact and being uncomfortable or just disagreeing with centuries worth of material simply by stating the sources were conquerors and re-wrote the definition is completely original research and unacceptable.--69.62.180.178 (talk) 18:46, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

---

No mention of Plato's Symposium?! (Specifically, the parts where Socrates and Diotime speak.) Mat334 01:26, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

No, no, just untainted gay delirium here. F_Cangon

The Greek spelling of "eros" would be a nice addition to the article. I believe it's ερως (not sure though)

PEOPLE THINKS THAT LOVE IS RIGHT FOR YOU FOR SOMPEOPLE IT IS BUT FOR OTHER PEOPLE IT AINT

Eros is a far more ancient diety than those gods of the Pan-Hellenic pantheon, this article does not reflect this properly

Links to http://ancientrome.ru/
That`s not spam, but illustrative material, so why do you think that`s spam? It doesn`t consist of advertising links or advertising text and totally corresponds to the refferences and supplements them. Wikipedia has lotta other exemples of links with illustrative material, so this site isn`t the exception. See for instance Forum Romanum: there are lotta links of different sites but the links of ancientrome.ru are deleated. That was http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/result.htm?alt=Roman+Forum&pnumber=20 --User:The one who wants to make Wiki better 3:26, 9 January 2007

The elder Eros?
I've just been reading about the primordial Gods - Chaos, Nox etc - who were around even before Uranus, father of Kronos. One of this earlier family appears to be called "Eros" too - presumably, he ruled over the passions before they became the preserve of the younger gods. In these essays, this god is often referenced as "The elder Eros". I came to this page via a redirect from Eros (god). I have a feeling someone may have turned a stub into a redirect, being unaware of the existence of two different greek gods, both called Eros. This Eros (older than Zeus) certainly was not the offspring of Aphrodite and Ares. PaulHammond (talk) 15:10, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

In the intro, first line of second paragraph reads: "According to tradition which was made by Eratosthenes, Eros was principally the patron of the people who like to have computers, while Aphrodite ruled the love between men and women." I assume this was somebody fooling around, so I thought I'd bring it to attention, I'd fix it myself but I'm just beginning figuring out how to edit. Also, I agree with the above posts that Eros was nowhere near only the patron of homosexual love, but love in general- heterosexual love playing just as large a role. See the 2nd century Greek novel Daphnis and Chloe for examples in this if you want Alex8541 (talk) 16:32, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

Disambiguation
Someone more technically capable than me please create a disambiguation link at the top of this page — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.98.218.165 (talk) 02:03, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

Disambiguation
Someone more technically capable than me please create a disambiguation link at the top of this page — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.98.218.165 (talk) 02:06, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

"Conner" citation (Note 11)
I'm afraid I don't understand how to edit the Notes list, but note number 11 is in dire need of a rewrite. The contributor who added it unfortunately failed to even list the name of the book being cited, and for some reason lists the author as "Conner" even though Conner is only one of multiple authors for what is a collective work. The actual book being cited here is Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol and Spirit. The entry is indeed on page 139 (at least as of the 1997 edition of this encyclopedia), but dictionaries and encyclopedia probably ought to be cited by the name of the passage in question, since the passages are listed alphabetically. In this case, the passage from p. 139 is predictably titled "Eros". I hope someone with a better understanding of how the Notes section is populated can somehow correct this troubling error which has undoubtedly left many readers wondering where the cited information actually came from. --Uiscefada (talk) 08:34, 18 December 2018 (UTC)

Eros' Father
It says in the article that "In later myths, he was the son of the deities Aphrodite and Ares" & even on the page about Ares, it says that he is the father of Eros. Actually, in Greek mythology, it is greatly disputed as to who the father of Eros is. Even Zeus is said to be the father of Eros.

https://www.thetoptens.com/m/clusium/400988/ --Splashen (talk) 15:00, 14 April 2022 (UTC)

 * The article on #Porus_(mythology) has Porus as the father of Eros definitively. 'The Great Greek Myths' tv series also has the father of Eros as Porus, yet presumably the sources aren't valid enough even for consideration in this intrinsically linked article, a common thread in the appalling contradictory, hypocritical nature of this platform. Gar P Young (talk) 22:34, 30 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eros


text:
Continuous harvest

In agriculture, continuous harvest is the availability of a crop over an extended period during the growing season. Each crop has a harvest window during which it is ready for picking. Some are harvested by removing the whole plant, for example, cutting a head of lettuce. Others can be picked over varying periods: peas and corn may have a window of two weeks, cucumbers six or eight, tomatoes produce until the end of the season.

To provide a season-long continuous harvest of a crop with a shorter harvest window, succession planting techniques are used, including multiple plantings at different times, and planting of cultivars with different maturity dates. In this way, with effective timing, a new planting or variety of a crop is always coming into maturity as a previous one finishes.

title: Continuous harvest


text: User talk:67.138.64.138

title: User talk:67.138.64.138


text:
World championship

A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, or ability.

How the championship title is assigned
The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or, less commonly, ranking systems (e.g. the ICC Test Championship), or a combination of the two (e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon). This determines a 'world champion', who or which is commonly considered the best nation, team, individual (or other entity) in the world in a particular field, although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the 'world champion' (see Underdog). This may also be known as a world cup competition; for example cycling (UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups). Often, the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words. Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations, such as boxing, mixed martial arts and wrestling.

Certain competitive exercises do not have a world championship or a world cup as such, but may have one or several world champions. Professional boxing, for example, has several world champions at different weights, but each one of them is decided by a "title match", not a tournament. In a title match system, the championship can only be won by directly defeating the incumbent, who in turn must continue to compete to retain their title or risk forfeiture.

Still other competitions, most commonly in professional sports, may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be "world champions." This is especially true of the "Big Four" major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada; world cups and championships exist in all four of the major sports, but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally known as the world professional championships (due to the best players worldwide being in the league itself) (as with the Stanley Cup, ostensibly an independent championship for ice hockey but under the de facto control of the National Hockey League through two trustees who since no later than 1947 have been NHL loyalists) or the equivalent of a world club championship. In American football, although an IFAF World Championship exists, the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl, a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League, is commonly nicknamed as the world champion by the players, the press and fans alike; the NFL itself explicitly marketed the contest as a world championship in its first iterations. Winners of the Major League Baseball's World Series are also commonly called world champions. Outside of the Big Four leagues, winners of the Women's National Basketball Association, much like its men's counterpart, commonly call themselves world champions, as with the winners of the National Lacrosse League and Drum Corps International.

On the other hand, association football (soccer) has more parity between national leagues and even continental tournaments has seen the birth of one true "world championship". The first such tournament was the Football World Championship disputed from 1876 to 1904 between the winners of the FA Cup and Scottish Cup. After that, there have been many tournaments between teams from around the world, but it wasn't until 1960 when the Intercontinental Cup was established, competed between the winners two greatest and most important continental championships: the UEFA Champions League from Europe and CONMEBOL Copa Libertadores from South America, the cup was endorsed by both UEFA and CONMEBOL but had no involvement from FIFA, the governing body for world football. As such, FIFA wanted to expand the tournament to include the champion from other continents - from the AFC Champions League (Asia and Australia), CAF Champions League (Africa), CONCACAF Champions League (North America and Caribbean) and OFC Champions League (Oceania) and created the FIFA Club World Cup. The first edition in 2000 ran concurrently with the 2000 Intercontinental Cup, in 2004 the Intercontinental Cup was merged with the CCW, which has been ongoing since 2005 with yearly editions.

Finally, certain competitions do not have a world championship or world cup, but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field (e.g. tennis and golf have a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game, in addition to key team events, world tour finals and the Olympic Games, though each year ITF (International Tennis Federation) designates a World Champion based on performances throughout the year).

History
There are some sports that already had a 'world championship' in the 18th or 19th century, although it was variable how 'world-wide' these competitions really were. The French player Clergé is considered to be the first international champion in real tennis, since 1740. In chess, international matches have been held for centuries, often resulting in certain players considered the best of all, with the first multiplayer tournament held in London in 1851. However, Wilhelm Steinitz in 1886 was the first chess player generally recognized as the world chess champion.

Other sports with early 'world championships' were English draughts (1840) and speed skating.

Overview
See the following lists for the various sports with a world championship.
 * List of world sports championships, for physical sports
 * List of world championships in mind sports, including several other activities like competitions in professional activities

Other competition names

 * Beatbox Battle World Championship
 * Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest
 * World Conker Championships
 * World Pea Shooting Championships
 * World Pie Eating Championship
 * World Championship of Ping Pong

title: World championship


text:
User:Zosodada

Greetings, earthlings.

Please leave comments here as well as in the talk page if you wish.

However, please bear in mind that brevity is the soul of wit and that Wikipedia's mandate of civility does not include suffering fools gladly.

CURRENT PROJECT (2023):

Reformatting and reediting Steven Cerio article. Artists whose work appears in multiple professional publications and who have been represented in major museums (e.g. MOMA) are consequently "notable" as well as noted. Attempting reformatting in line with Wikipedia requirements.

Articles I've created:

 * Vitascope
 * Kinemacolor
 * Edison's Black Maria
 * Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
 * Polly Wolly Doodle
 * Modern Spiritualist movement
 * Perfectionist movement
 * Cheryl Crawford
 * Prestwich Camera

Articles I've significantly contributed to:

 * Harry Everett Smith
 * Newsreel

Minor contributions:

 * Jack the Ripper
 * The Dialogue in Hell Between Machiavelli and Montesquieu
 * Film Noir

title: User:Zosodada


text:
SWI

SWI may refer to:

Places

 * Switzerland (this is not the ISO 3166-1 code, which is CHE)
 * Swindon railway station (National Rail code SWI), serving Swindon, Wiltshire, United Kingdom

Science and technology

 * SWI-Prolog, a free implementation of the programming language Prolog
 * Susceptibility weighted imaging, in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used in medical contexts
 * Software interrupt, an interrupt routine in a computer operating system
 * SWI, an assembler mnemonic to perform a software interrupt on the ARM microprocessor family
 * Szilagyi Waterspout Index

Other uses

 * Swissinfo, a service of the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation
 * Switzerland, UNDP country code
 * Structured Word Inquiry, a pedagogical technique involving the scientific investigation of the spelling of words
 * Scottish Women's Institutes, a registered charity in Scotland

title: SWI


text:
John Karlen

John Karlen (born John Adam Karlewicz; May 28, 1933 – January 22, 2020) was an American character actor who played multiple roles on the ABC serial Dark Shadows on and off from 1967 to 1971.

In 1971, Karlen starred as the male lead in Daughters of Darkness. He played Harvey Lacey, husband of Mary Beth Lacey (played by Tyne Daly), on the CBS crime series Cagney & Lacey (1982–88). Karlen reprised the role of "Willie Loomis" for a series of Dark Shadows audio dramas produced by Big Finish Productions.

Life and career
Karlen was born May 28, 1933, in Brooklyn, the son of Helen Agnes (née Balondowicz) and Adam Marion Karlewicz. He was of Polish descent. Karlen served in the U.S. Army during the Korean War.

He enrolled in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts on a scholarship. His first acting experiences were on early television productions such as From These Roots and Kraft Television Theatre. His stage career began in 1959 in Sweet Bird of Youth.

He accumulated roles on both stage and television before winning one of his signature roles in 1967 in the daytime serial Dark Shadows. It was Karlen's pivotal character of Willie Loomis who released vampire Barnabas Collins from his coffin, setting off the events of the series. Karlen would stay with the television series for 182 episodes, playing various characters through 1971. In addition to Willie, he played Carl Collins, a parallel-universe William H. Loomis, Desmond Collins and Kendrick Young. In the 1971 film Night of Dark Shadows, he played Alex Jenkins along with other cast members from the Dark Shadows TV show.

While not appearing on Dark Shadows in the late sixties, he appeared on Love Is a Many Splendored Thing as Jock Porter and Hidden Faces as Sharkey Primrose. He reunited with his Dark Shadows co-stars for the 1970 House of Dark Shadows as Willie Loomis, and, in 1971, with Night of Dark Shadows as Alex Jenkins.

Karlen moved to a series of guest appearances on television productions, establishing himself in 1982 as Harvey Lacey, husband of Tyne Daly's character Mary Beth Lacey on Cagney & Lacey. He appeared in 110 episodes over six years. Karlen won an Emmy Award for his portrayal of Harvey Lacey in 1986; he received 2 further nominations, in 1985 and 1987.

His career included numerous movie roles, during which he reprised the "Harvey Lacey" character in four Cagney and Lacey television movies: Cagney & Lacey: The Return in 1994, Cagney & Lacey: Together Again and Cagney & Lacey: The View Through the Glass Ceiling in 1995, and Cagney & Lacey: True Convictions in 1996.

Personal life and death
In 1963, Karlen married acting teacher Betty Karlen but divorced in 1998; they had one child, Adam (born 1966).

Karlen died from heart failure in Burbank, California on January 22, 2020, at age 86.

title: John Karlen


text: User talk:84.9.87.255

title: User talk:84.9.87.255


text:
User:Madame

Having watched the goings-on on Wikipedia, I have finally joined the project in September 2004. I'm mainly active in the German version, occasionally uploading a picture to Commons (both under the same user name), where I have taken the subject of clothing and its accessories under my wing.

title: User:Madame


text:
Koryazhma

Koryazhma (Коря́жма) is a town in the southeast of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vychegda River 30 km east of Kotlas, at the confluence of the Bolshaya Koryazhemka River. Population:

History
In 1535, the Koryazhemsky Nikolaevsky Monastery was founded in the mouth of the Bolshaya Koryazhemka (hence the name). After the 1917 October Revolution the monastery was abolished, and the territories which previously belonged to the monastery were used for agriculture. In 1953, the construction of a big paper mill started, and in 1954 first brickstone houses were built. In 1957, the settlement around the paper mill was officially designated as the urban-type settlement of Koryazhma. The paper mill started operation in 1961. In 1975, the population of Koryazhma was 42 thousand. August 15, 1985, Koryazhma obtained the town rights and became the town of oblast significance.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the town of oblast significance of Koryazhma—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Koryazhma is incorporated as Koryazhma Urban Okrug.

Even though Koryazhma is not a part of Kotlassky District (by which it is geographically surrounded), it serves as the administrative center of Koryazhemsky Selsoviet, one of the twelve selsoviets into which that district is divided.

Industry
Koryazhma is home of the Koryazhma Branch of the Ilim Group company, the largest chemical pulp and paper mills in Europe (previously Kotlas Pulp and Paper Mill).

Transportation
The Vychegda in Koryazhma is navigable, and in summer there is regular passenger navigation connecting Kotlas and Soyga (located approximately halfway between Koryazhma and Yarensk).

There is a railway station (Nizovka) on the line connecting Kotlas and Vorkuta.

Koryazhma is located on the road connecting Kotlas and Syktyvkar (via Shiroky Priluk). This portion of the road is paved. There is regular passenger bus traffic from Koryazhma to Kotlas, Veliky Ustyug, and Syktyvkar.

Culture and recreation

The only collection of historical buildings in Koryazhma is in the Koryazhemsky Nikolaevsky Monastery. The Church of the Holy Mandylion originates from 1746 and is one of the oldest stone churches in Arkhangelsk Oblast, and the Church of Saint Longin of Koryazhma, consecrated to the founder of the monastery, was built between 1907 and 1912. There is also the House of the Hegumen which forms a single ensemble with the Church of Saint Longin of Koryazhma. All these buildings are protected as cultural heritage of local importance. The Annunciation Cathedral, the oldest stone building of the monastery (1665), and the bell-tower, were demolished in 1933.

Sports
The local association football team is FC Khimik Koryazhma.

There is also a bandy team, Vychegda.

title: Koryazhma


text:
Yuen Woo-ping

Yuen Woo-ping (alias: Yuen Wo-ping; born 1945) is a Hong Kong martial arts choreographer and film director who worked in Hong Kong action cinema and later Hollywood films. He is one of the inductees on the Avenue of Stars in Hong Kong. Yuen is also a son of Yuen Siu-tien, a martial arts film actor. He attended the China Drama Academy for one year as a day student of Master Yu Jim-yuen as well.

Life and career
Yuen was born in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. With a support of Ng See-yuen, he achieved his first directing credit in 1978 on the seminal Snake in the Eagle's Shadow, starring Jackie Chan, followed quickly by Drunken Master. The films were smash hits, launching Jackie Chan as a major film star, turning Seasonal Films into a major independent production company, and starting a trend towards comedy in martial arts films that continues to the following two decades.

Yuen went on to helm other star vehicles for such figures as Sammo Hung in Magnificent Butcher (1979), Yuen Biao in Dreadnaught (1981), Donnie Yen in Iron Monkey (1993), Jet Li in Tai Chi Master (1993), and Michelle Yeoh in Wing Chun (1994).

Yuen's works, particularly his action choreography on Fist of Legend (1994), attracted the attention of the Wachowskis, who hired him as the martial arts choreographer on The Matrix (1999). The success of this collaboration, plus his action choreography on the following year's hit Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, made him a highly sought after figure in Hollywood. He went on to work on the first two Matrix sequels, as well as Kill Bill: Volume 1 (2003) and Kill Bill: Volume 2 (2004).

More recent action choreography duties in Hong Kong cinema have included Kung Fu Hustle (2004), starring Stephen Chow, and Fearless (2006), starring Jet Li.

Yuen also choreographed the action sequences in The Forbidden Kingdom (2008), a Hollywood martial arts–adventure film, which was the first film to star together two of the best-known names in the martial arts film genre, Jackie Chan and Jet Li. He worked as a fight choreography consultant on Ninja Assassin (2009).

In late 2010, Yuen released his first film as director since 1996, True Legend, starring Vincent Zhao, Jay Chou and David Carradine (in a minor role).

Yuen went on to work as stunt co-ordinator in two South Indian films, Enthiran (2010) and I (2014), both directed by S. Shankar.

In 2015, Yuen directed Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny, re-creating many of his signature action choreographies.

The annual and highly anticipated Hong Kong International Film Festival was held for its 45th edition in April 2021. Yuen is one of the six veteran Hong Kong filmmakers who contributed segments to the Johnnie To-produced anthology film Septet: The Story of Hong Kong. The other filmmakers who directed segments are Sammo Hung, Ann Hui On-wah, Patrick Tam, Tsui Hark and Ringo Lam. The short files were shot entirely on 35mm film with each of them touches on a nostalgic and moving story set across different time periods, with every one acting as an ode to the city.

As director

 * Snake in the Eagle's Shadow (1978)  (Cantonese title: Se ying diu sau)
 * Drunken Master (1978) (Cantonese title: Jui kuen)
 * Dance of the Drunk Mantis (1979) (Mandarin title: Nan bei zui quan)
 * Magnificent Butcher (1979) (Mandarin title: Lin shi rong)
 * The Buddhist Fist (1980) (Mandarin title: Fo Zhang luo han quan)
 * Dreadnaught (1981) (Mandarin title: Yong zhe wu ju)
 * The Miracle Fighters  (1982) (Qi men dun jia)
 * Legend of a Fighter (1982) (Huo Yuan-Jia)
 * Shaolin Drunkard (1983) (Tian shi zhuang xie)
 * Drunken Tai Chi (1984) (Xiao tai ji)
 * Mismatched Couples (1985) (Qing feng di shou)
 * Dragon Vs. Vampire (a.k.a. The Close Encounters of Vampire) (1986) (Jiang shi pa pa)
 * Tiger Cage (1988) (Te jing tu long)
 * In the Line of Duty 4: Witness (1989) (Huang jia shi jie zhi IV: Zhi ji zheng ren)
 * a.k.a. In the Line of Duty
 * a.k.a. In the Line of Duty IV
 * a.k.a. Yes, Madam 4

 * Tiger Cage 2 (1990) (Xi hei qian)
 * Tiger Cage 3 (1991) (Leng mian ju ji shou)
 * Su qi er (1993)
 * a.k.a. Fist of the Red Dragon (USA: video title)
 * a.k.a. Heroes Among Heroes

 * Iron Monkey (1993)
 * Tai Chi Master (1993)
 * Wing Chun (1994)
 * Huo yun chuan qi (1994)
 * a.k.a. Fire Dragon

 * Hu meng wei long (1995)
 * a.k.a. Red Wolf

 * Tai ji quan (1996)
 * a.k.a. Tai Chi Boxer (Hong Kong: English title) (UK: literal English title)
 * a.k.a. Tai Chi 2

 * True Legend (2010)
 * a.k.a. True Legend of Beggar Su (Working title)

 * Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny (2016)
 * The Thousand Faces of Dunjia (2017)
 * Master Z: The Ip Man Legacy (2018)
 * Septet: The Story of Hong Kong (2020)

Selected filmography as action choreographer/fight advisor

 * The Bloody Fists (1972)
 * The Awaken Punch (1973)
 * Born Invincible (1978)
 * Drunken Master (1978)
 * Once Upon a Time in China II (1992)
 * Fist of Legend (1994)
 * Black Mask (1996)
 * The Water Margin (1998)
 * The Matrix (1999)
 * Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000)
 * The Matrix Reloaded (2003)
 * The Matrix Revolutions (2003)
 * Kill Bill: Volume 1 (2003)
 * Kill Bill: Volume 2 (2004)
 * Kung Fu Hustle (2004)
 * Danny the Dog (a.k.a. Unleashed) (2005)
 * House of Fury (2005)
 * Fearless (2006)
 * The Forbidden Kingdom (2008)
 * Enthiran (2010)
 * The Grandmaster (2013)
 * Once Upon a Time in Shanghai (2013)
 * Man of Tai Chi (2013)
 * I (2015)
 * Ip Man 3 (2015)
 * Gong Shou Dao (2017)
 * Ip Man 4: The Finale (2019)

Actor

 * Mismatched Couples (1985) as Mini
 * Eastern Condors (1987) as Grandpa Yun Yen-hoy
 * The Wicked City (1992) as Sergeant Kayama
 * The Grandmaster (2013) as Chan Wah-shun
 * Man of Tai Chi (2013) as Man at fight club (uncredited)

title: Yuen Woo-ping


text:
Lara Parker

Mary Lamar Rickey (October 27, 1938 – October 12, 2023), better known as Lara Parker, was an American actress known for her role as Angelique on the ABC-TV serial Dark Shadows, which aired from 1966 to 1971.

Early life
Parker was born in Knoxville, Tennessee, on October 27, 1938, and grew up in Memphis. Descendant of a prominent Southern family, she was a great-great-granddaughter of Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II and a third-great-granddaughter of Augustus Baldwin Longstreet, an uncle of Confederate General James Longstreet. She began a philosophy B.A. at Vassar College before receiving her Bachelor of Arts degree from Rhodes College (then known as Southwestern) and a Master of Arts degree in speech and drama from the University of Iowa.

Career
Parker played the role of "Laura Banner" in the opening sequence of the pilot for the television series The Incredible Hulk (1977), and the fashion model-witch "Madelaine" in the Kolchak: The Night Stalker episode "The Trevi Collection". Her other television work includes appearances on Emergency "One of Those Days"(1975-S5Ep8), Kung Fu, The Six Million Dollar Man (1976-S3Ep17: "The Secret of Bigfoot Part 1"), Police Woman, Kojak, Alice, Quincy, M.E., Hawaii Five-O, The Rockford Files, Highway to Heaven, Switch, Baretta, Galactica 1980 ("The Night The Cylons Landed", Parts I & II), Barnaby Jones (1980-The Price of Anger), the CBS daytime serial Capitol, and the ABC daytime serial One Life to Live. She played secretary Wanda in the 1977 television miniseries Washington: Behind Closed Doors and had a recurring role in the short-lived television series Jessica Novak.

Parker reprised the role of Angelique in Night of Dark Shadows, the second feature film based on Dark Shadows. She was joined by her Dark Shadows castmates Kate Jackson, David Selby, Grayson Hall, Nancy Barrett, John Karlen, and Thayer David. This film was more loosely based on the series than House of Dark Shadows was, and it did not fare as well at the box office as the first film. She appeared opposite Robert De Niro in the 1970 Brian De Palma film Hi, Mom!, but her best known film role came in the Oscar-winning drama Save the Tiger (1973), starring Jack Lemmon, in which she played a sympathetic prostitute who is devastated when her client suffers a near fatal heart attack. In 1975, she played the wife of Peter Fonda's character in Race with the Devil.

Later work
Parker made her Broadway debut in 1968 in Woman is My Idea, written and directed by Don C. Liljenquist. In 1969, she played the title role in an Off-Broadway production of Frank Wedekind's Lulu. She also appeared in the off-Broadway production of A Gun Play.

In 1998, Parker published a novel, Angelique's Descent. Its sequel, Dark Shadows: The Salem Branch, came out in July 2006, and Dark Shadows: Wolf Moon Rising was released in August 2013. Her fourth and final novel, Heiress of Collinwood was released in November 2016. She has recently reprised the role of Angelique for a new series of Dark Shadows audio dramas. She was also the reader of the unabridged audiobook recordings of her first three novels: Angelique's Descent, Dark Shadows: The Salem Branch and Dark Shadows: Wolf Moon Rising.. In 2012, she had a cameo role in Tim Burton's movie version of Dark Shadows. Later she was reunited with her Dark Shadows co-stars Jerry Lacy and Kathryn Leigh Scott in two feature films about Doctor Mabuse written and directed by Ansel Faraj. The 1st film Doctor Mabuse was released in 2013, followed by a 2014 sequel called Doctor Mabuse: Etiopomar. Her final film, The Great Nick D (shot in 2023), is co-written and co-directed by Ansel Faraj and Nathan Wilson and co-stars her Dark Shadows co-stars Kathryn Leigh Scott and David Selby.

Education and post-acting career
Lara attended Central High School in Memphis and won a scholarship to Vassar College. At Vassar, she began a major in philosophy, which she completed at Southwestern at Memphis (now Rhodes College), receiving her BA. She attended graduate school at the University of Iowa and completed all course work on a Masters in speech and drama. She was working on her thesis while beginning her acting career. After retiring from acting, Lara became a high school and English teacher and obtained her MFA in creative writing from Antioch University.

Personal life and death
Parker was married to Jim Hawkins, a building contractor. They had a daughter, Caitlin. Parker had two sons, Rick and Andy, both from her first marriage to artist Tom Parker: Rick was a successful record producer, Andy a contractor. Caitlin Hawkins is a set designer and stylist for videos and commercials. Lara's son Rick is married to singer Miranda Lee Richards.

On October 12, 2023, following a battle with cancer, Parker died in her sleep in Los Angeles at the age of 84.

title: Lara Parker


text:
Music of Arkansas

Arkansas is a Southern state of the United States. Arkansas's musical heritage includes country music and various related styles like bluegrass and rockabilly.

State songs
Arkansas has four official state songs:

 * State Anthem: "Arkansas" by Mrs. Eva Ware Barnett
 * State Historical Song: "The Arkansas Traveler" by Colonel Sanford C. Faulkner
 * State Song: "Oh, Arkansas" by Terry Rose and Gary Klaff
 * State Song: "Arkansas (You Run Deep In Me)" by Wayland Holyfield

Two of the official state songs are because of a copyright dispute. "Arkansas" was published in 1916 by the Central Music Company, written by Eva Ware Barnett and Will M. Ramsey (though state law only credits Mrs. Barnett). It became the official song on January 12, 1917. Until either 1945 or 1949, "Arkansas" was the only official song in Arkansas. At that time, there was a copyright dispute and the state adopted "The Arkansas Traveler" as the official song, a situation that remained unchanged until 1963. In that year, the copyright dispute was resolved and "Arkansas" became official again, until 1987, when it was changed to the official state anthem. In that year, "Arkansas (You Run Deep In Me)" and "Oh, Arkansas" were officially designated state songs as well, and "The Arkansas Traveler" was designated the official state historical song.

Arkansas politicians and music
Two Arkansas politicians have been noted for mixing music with their campaigns for the presidency. Bill Clinton, attorney general and 50th and 52nd governor of the state and later president, played the saxophone, famously performing "Heartbreak Hotel" on The Arsenio Hall Show during the 1992 presidential election. Mike Huckabee, 54th governor, plays the bass guitar, and his campaign in the 2008 presidential election has prominently featured cover song performances by his band Capitol Offense.

Classical
Composer Florence Price was born in Little Rock in 1887.

The Arkansas Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1966. When the orchestra was founded, a local bank held the organization responsible for the debts of previous attempts at organizing an orchestra. Ten individual members assumed responsibility for the debt, and so the orchestra was formed, led by experienced conductor Vasilios Priakos. Today the Orchestra is conducted by Geoff Robson. They have an extensive outreach and education program. In February 2012, George Takei performed with the group in a Holocaust memorial.

Country, bluegrass, and folk music
Traditional folk instruments include the fiddle and banjo as well as guitar, mandolin, dulcimer and autoharp.

Located in the Ozark Mountains, the town of Mountain View bills itself as the "Folk Music Capital of the World". There is an Arkansas Entertainers Hall of Fame, which includes musicians like Ronnie Dunn, Melvin Endsley, and Al Green.

Jimmy Driftwood and Beau Renfro.

Indie Folk group Little Chief is made up of former University of Arkansas student Matt Cooper and is based out of Fayetteville.

Gospel
Gospel music is very popular in Arkansas. Because of the racial tension extant since slavery in the Delta region, gospel music has had a tremendous influence in the lives of African Americans in Arkansas. While Blues is dominated by men, it is the women of Arkansas who have led the way in gospel music. Gospel composer, singer, pianist, arranger Roberta Martin was born in Helena. The Brockwell Gospel Music School in Brockwell, Arkansas in Izard County, has been offering a two-week summer course in Gospel music since 1947.

Blues and R&B
Country blues singer and slide guitarist Casey Bill Weldon was born in Pine Bluff. Blues pianist Roosevelt Sykes was born in Elmar. Jump blues singer Jimmy Witherspoon was born in Gurdon. Electric blues and Chicago blues artist Willie "Big Eyes" Smith was born in Helena. Guitarist, singer, and songwriter Pat Hare, born in Cherry Valley, served as a sideman at Sun Records in Memphis. Billy Lee Riley, born in Pocahontas, and Sonny Burgess, born near Newport, also recorded for Sun.

West Memphis, just across the Mississippi river from Memphis, Tennessee, has its own thriving music scene. When Beale Street would shut down for the night, performers like B. B. King, Ike Turner, Junior Parker, and Elmore James came to 8th street in West Memphis. Wayne Jackson even said once that "the Memphis sound was born over the river". Jackson was born and raised in West Memphis as was Chicago blues artist Junior Wells. The West Memphis R&B scene was an integral part of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.

Jazz
Jazz artists born in Arkansas include pianist and bandleader Alphonse Trent from Fort Smith, trombonist Snub Mosley born in Little Rock, pianist and composer Walter Norris born in Little Rock, Joe Bishop born in Monticello, saxophonist Pharoah Sanders born in Little Rock, free jazz tenor saxophonist Kalaparusha Maurice McIntyre born in Clarksville, tenor saxophonist Red Holloway born in Helena, tenor saxophonist and bandleader Hayes Pillars born in North Little Rock, Oliver Lake born in Marianna, pianist Bob Dorough born in Cherry Hill, bassist James Leary born in Little Rock, pianist Art Porter, Sr. and saxophonist Art Porter, Jr. born in Little Rock, and Amina Claudine Myers born in Blackwell.

Rock
Sister Rosetta Tharpe from Cotton Plant was a gospel artist who achieved crossover success and became a rock and roll pioneer, influencing among many others fellow Arkansas native Johnny Cash from Kingsland. Sonny Burgess was another Arkansan who influenced the rock and roll industry as an artist for Sun Records in adjacent Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas early rock and roll was typically rockabilly music influenced by Zydeco music and blues.

Arkansas garage rock and psychedelic music of the 1960s has been reexamined by Psych of the South with Lost Souls.

Independent and local
While Arkansas is known for its southern styles of music, there is a much younger style coming from the state as well. In the late 1990s, and early 2000s, there were many rock music groups, as well as pop rock groups. One of the best-known bands from this time would be multi-platinum-selling rock band Evanescence, which has origins in Little Rock.

In the 1970s and 1980s, Little Rock became the home of a thriving punk and metal music scene. The 1990s DIY scene was captured in the 2007 film Towncraft. As the trends have changed, post-hardcore and metalcore bands such as Norma Jean gained popularity. Doom Metal is represented by Pallbearer from Little Rock, while Rwake is known for southern sludge metal. American Princes from Little Rock show the indie rock side of Arkansas.

Young Freq is a rapper from Little Rock working with local independent label Roc Town Music Group, formed in 2013.

Tommy Riggs (Tom Payton) is an Arkansan singer, piano and keyboard player who had several bands while performing around the state in the 1960s and 1970s. He also was working as a radio DJ (as Tom Jones) at the time, on KCLA, during 1968 through 69 and as Tom Payton on KXLR in North Little Rock in 1964, and in 1966 at KAAY. During this period, he promoted himself as Tom Payton and the Kingpins, Tom Payton with The Playboys, and several other names. He recorded while he was Rock Robbins from KAAY on the Little Rock label MY Records in 1966. Two songs from the session were released on a 45 rpm record, "My Little Girl" and "Good Lovin'".

Arkansas's rock and roll scene is served by a free monthly magazine launched by Peter Read on December 8, 1980, called Night Flying.

Notable musicians from Arkansas

 * Kris Allen (Jacksonville and Conway)
 * Black Oak Arkansas (Black Oak)
 * Big Bill Broonzy (Lake Dick)
 * The Browns (Sparkman)
 * Michael Burks (Camden)
 * Glen Campbell (Delight)
 * Johnny Cash (Dyess)
 * Willie Cobbs (Smale)
 * CeDell Davis (Helena)
 * Jimmy Driftwood (Mountain View)
 * Melvin Endsley (Drasco)
 * Evanescence (Little Rock)
 * Adam Faucett (Little Rock)
 * Lefty Frizzell (El Dorado)
 * Al Green (Forrest City)
 * Ronnie Hawkins (Fayetteville)
 * Levon Helm (Turkey Scratch)
 * Barbara Hendricks (Stephens)
 * Zilphia Horton (Spadra)
 * J.J. Jackson (Gillett)
 * Louis Jordan (Brinkley)
 * Tracy Lawrence (Foreman)
 * Living Sacrifice (Little Rock)
 * Ashley McBryde (Waldron)
 * Justin Moore (Poyen)
 * Conlon Nancarrow (Texarkana)
 * Ne-Yo (Camden)
 * Joe Nichols (Rogers)
 * Pallbearer (Little Rock)
 * PMtoday (Jacksonville)
 * Florence Price (Little Rock)
 * Collin Raye (DeQueen)
 * Charlie Rich (Colt)
 * Almeda Riddle (Cleburne County)
 * Rwake (North Little Rock)
 * Pharoah Sanders (Little Rock)
 * Nick Shoulders (Fayetteville)
 * Willie "Big Eyes" Smith (Helena)
 * Les Spann (Pine Bluff)
 * William Grant Still (Little Rock)
 * Johnnie Taylor (Crawfordsville)
 * Sister Rosetta Tharpe (Cotton Plant)
 * Trusty (Little Rock)
 * Conway Twitty (Helena)
 * Soophie Nun Squad (North Little Rock)
 * Roosevelt Sykes (Elmar)
 * Deas Vail (Russellville)
 * Washboard Sam (Wheat Ridge)
 * Junior Walker (Blytheville)
 * William Warfield (West Helena)
 * The Wedding (Fayetteville)
 * Welles (Ozark)
 * Peetie Wheatstraw (Cotton Plant)
 * Baby Face Willette (Little Rock)
 * Bankroll Freddie (Helena) and (Conway)

Festivals
Among Arkansas's most prominent modern musical festivals is Riverfest, a music festival held along the Arkansas River in downtown Little Rock. Riverfront Blues Festival, Ft Smith Arkansas in June. Riverfest has been held annually since 1978. The King Biscuit Blues Festival is held each October in Helena. It has been ongoing since 1986. The festival seeks to celebrate and preserve the rich blues history of the region.

title: Music of Arkansas


text:
Talk:Music of Arkansas

No Mention
No mention of Evanessence or even of Amy Lee?
 * This article isn't for adding every single individual band from Arkansas. --S-man 21:12, 4 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Even worse, it only talks about the southern scene... Much of the Ar music scene is made up of indie bands that play spin-offs of the hardcore punk genre... Evanescence is just a mainstream band, and there are many other bands that deserve more notability than Evanescence from AR, like After the Tragedy, The Wedding, and Burn Baby Burn. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 4.253.64.13 (talk) 18:27, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

'Bands of the new scene'
One outstanding band left out is "The Cate Brothers" from Northwest Arkansas. This R&B and heavy on the B band had a few hits in the late 60's and 70's with "Mr. Union Man" in the line up. Update your material please. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.33.63.254 (talk) 19:52, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

Section is currently an example farm of non-notable bands, could this possibly be rewritten in paragraph form? Even the section title 'new scene' probably needs further definition... otherwise, I'm seeing this section as a likely delete.Cander0000 (talk) 04:27, 1 March 2009 (UTC)

Racist and Biased
This article completely ignores the vast contributions of blues, R&B, and jazz musicians from the state which are largely African American. The Arkansas Entertainers Hall of Fame and the Arkansas Black Hall of Fame provide anyone attempting to explain Arkansas music with a list of highly recorded, accomplished artists, producers, and writers. Further, examination of the Arkansas Delta article contained in Wikipedia provides a vast list of performers from the eastern part of the state alone. Nonetheless, this article attempts to portray the state as one with primarily a country music\bluegrass and southern gospel tradition with only a couple of mentions of African American artists. The utter lack of inclusion in an article such as this is one of the reasons why so many people are misled about the state's history and culture. Arkansas is unfortunately still seen by many non-residents as a lily white hick state full of pick-up drivin' good ole boys. My goodness, how could anyone leave out names like Al Green, Ne-Yo, Smokie Norful, Louis Jordan, Scott Joplin, Howlin Wolf, Albert King, Sonny Boy Williamson II, Big Bill Broonzy, Sister Rosetta Tharpe, Jimmy Witherspoon, Junior Wells, Junior Walker and I could go on and on. Most of these people are either in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame or are Grammy winners/nominees. I could simply add names to the list of performers in this article but there is so much narrative which skews the entire piece toward country music that it would be pointless. This entire pseudo-article needs to be trashed and rewritten. After looking at articles from other southern states' music pages on Wikipedia, Arkansas' is the only one which so poorly represents African Americans. Arkansas music is far more diverse than this article suggest; but, sadly, this diversity is relegated to the back of the proverbial bus. On second thought, it ain't even on the bus!!! What a shame!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jmmyjam (talk • contribs) 15:48, 19 September 2010 (UTC)

 * I realize this comment is almost 2 years old, but I feel compelled to reply. The person who wrote this is extreamly biased. It is easy to find racism when one is determined to do so. I think it far more likely that the person who wrote this article lived in the North Central or North East portion of the state and wrote about what they knew, then had little time to do additional research. I live in the North Central portion of the state myself, and Country is about all you hear. That being said- I'm personally adopting this page and will work to create a more developed, well rounded, and well cited page. I'm going to try to cite what is already here before I add more in the R&B and Jazz section- so please don't accuse me of racism if you do not see immediate change. Have a nice day. Nightenbelle (talk) 18:20, 19 April 2012 (UTC)

Easy to find racism when you look? Bias is clear in the writer's horrific assessment of music in Arkansas. If I attempted to portray my hometown of Pine Bluff in a marketing strategy without ever projecting images of white citizens, I might be considered racially or culturally biased. If I characterize Arkansas music without including any discussion of the genres which predominate among African Americans, I might be considered racially or culturally biased. I don't give a rip if the person is from another part of the state where there is more country music. He/She is writing an article to represent the entire state. There is no excuse for excluding gospel, jazz, blues, R&B. I don't care about what the person's motivations are...the result of the original article is a complete lack of diversity and therefore, a complete misrepresentation of Arkansas music. Good luck writing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jmmyjam (talk • contribs) 21:51, 1 May 2012 (UTC)

Conlon Nancarrow
Your forgot in the classical section your world famous composer and player piano player Conlon Nancarrow. --Michael Striebel (talk) 11:45, 7 September 2012 (UTC) from Austria

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title: Talk:Music of Arkansas


text: User talk:216.174.144.78

title: User talk:216.174.144.78


text:
Interstate 180 (Wyoming)

Interstate 180 (I-180) is a 1.09 mi expressway in the US state of Wyoming between I-80 and downtown Cheyenne.

It is unusual for being one of the few Interstate Highways that does not conform to Interstate Highway standards. There is also no control of access anywhere along its route. Other routes in Alaska and Puerto Rico are similar in nature, as they are funded by Interstate dollars but do not conform to Interstate Highway standards. The only grade separations are a diamond interchange at its southern end (at a junction with I-80) and a pair of bridges that run over 1st Street and the Union Pacific Railroad tracks. However, even the interchange with I-80 is a standard diamond with signalized intersections. There are five traffic signals along I-180.

I-180 is cosigned with I-25 Business Loop (I-25 BL), US Highway 85 (US 85), and US 87 Business (US 87 Bus.), making it the only concurrency of an Interstate, Interstate business route, US Highway, and US Highway business route. It is also the only auxiliary Interstate Highway in Wyoming.

Route description
I-180 begins at a diamond interchange with I-80 in Cheyenne, heading north concurrently with I-25 BL/US 85/US 87 Bus. on the four-lane divided North Greeley Highway. South of this interchange, I-25 BL/US 85/US 87 Bus. continues along North Greeley Highway. From the southern terminus, I-180 passes over Deming Drive and passes local homes and businesses. The road curves northwesterly and intersects 5th Street at a traffic light. The highway passes under a pedestrian bridge at 7th Street before crossing 9th Street at a signalized intersection. Past 9th Street, the directions of I-180 split and pass over a large Union Pacific Railroad yard. After this bridge, I-180 reaches its northern terminus at an at-grade signalized intersection with I-80 BL/US 30. Past this intersection, I-25 BL/US 85/US 87 Bus. continues north on the one-way pairing of Warren Avenue northbound and Central Avenue southbound.

History
I-180 was conceived in November 1967, when Wyoming requested it for a new spur route into Cheyenne. The American Association of State Highway Officials added it to the Interstate Highway System in June 1970. The original plan was to have a freeway along the same corridor, with a full freeway-to-freeway interchange at I-80, but the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) rejected it in December 1970 due to high cost and access issues. Wyoming revised the proposal to the current configuration in February 1971, and it was approved by the FHWA that March. I-180 opened in June 1984, after six years of expressway upgrades.

title: Interstate 180 (Wyoming)