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Talk:Associated bundle

This article does not actually define what the associated bundle construction is. 128.175.240.205 07:02, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

That's true enough: you need to take an open cover Ui and talk about the transition function data for transition on intersections; and then make the obseveration that the same G-valued data gives you many associated bundles. I suppose this page was awaiting proper definition of fiber bundle, and transition function.

Charles Matthews 16:08, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Relation with subgroups
One very useful case is to take a subgroup $$H$$ of $$G$$. Then an $$H$$-bundle has an associated $$G$$-bundle: this is trite for bundles, but looking at their sections it is essentially the induced representation construction, in a different light. This does suggest there will be some adjoint functors involved.

Complexifying a real vector bundle
One application is to complexifying a real vector bundle (as required to define Pontryagin classes, for example). If we have a real vector bundle $$V$$, and want to create the associated bundle with complex vector space fibers, we should take $$H=GL_n(\mathbb{R})$$ and $$G=GL_n(\mathbb{C})$$ in that schematic.

Can't we just say what it is without all of the subterfuge?
I admit that I'm not all that familiar with the most general definition of an associated bundle. But in common parlance among my circles, an associated bundle is simply a bundle associated to a principal bundle by means of a fibre product. Earlier definitions (Steenrod, The topology of fibre bundles, Princeton University Press: 1950) disappointingly seem to propagate the misconception that associated bundles are some kind of mysterious concept. Now I may have missed some particular subtlety, but my understanding is that (using Steenrod's nomenclature) two bundles are associated if and only if they are associates of the same principal bundle. So I find the very idea of "associated bundles" to be a bit of a non sequitur. I don't mean to say that the article shouldn't exist, but I do believe that it can be clarified extensively. I moved a few of the vague sections into the talk page for now. Silly rabbit 07:53, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * There is a small issue here (you may be right about squeamishness about principal bundles, actually). It's just that for a faithful action of group G on fiber F, going from the F-bundle to the G-bundle is reversible; therefore you have the choice of going from an F-bundle to an F′-bundle directly, or via the G-bundle and then 'reversing' to F′. This is no big deal for those who understand it all intuitively, but is the kind of point on which one should have mercy on the new student. Charles Matthews 09:14, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I, for one, find the principal bundle picture more intuitive. (Of course, I've been working with them for some time, so I am indeed already biased.)  Perhaps we should compromise.  The idea behind associated bundles is just that they have the same structure group and "the same" transition functions (i.e., cocycle) when changing coordinates.  (These transition functions are only the same in the sense that they are given as the same G-valued functions on the coordinate overlaps.)  Of course, G may act in different ways on the fibre of F and that of F′.  I find this definition to be a bit disingenuous because it already slips the principal bundle in through the back door.  But you're basically right.  I can see how this definition through "subterfuge" can be more easily understood by someone who isn't yet comfortable with principal bundles.  I'll do my best to preserve the spirit, if not the actual letter, of the article.  Thanks for sorting me out, Silly rabbit 16:42, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Export reduction of structure group to Principal Bundles
When I get the chance, I intend to export reduction of the structure group to principal bundles. (This is a self-note, as well as an indication of my intentions to other Wikipedists.) Silly rabbit 08:07, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Once I've done that, the rest appears passable. Silly rabbit 09:00, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

What are "F1" and "F2"?
Is this article only for people who already know how to guess the meaning of obscure and seemingly extremely context-dependent jargon such as these two never-defined-in-this-article labels? 24.56.246.116 (talk) 01:38, 15 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Associated bundle


text: User talk:206.255.28.121

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:206.255.28.121


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Summer in the Yukon

Summer in the Yukon is a 1992 compilation album by Jane Siberry. It was released only in the United Kingdom.

In Canada, the compilation A Collection 1984-1989 was released instead. That album contains some of the same songs, but includes other songs not appearing on Summer in the Yukon.

Conversely, Summer in the Yukon includes tracks not appearing on the Canadian compilation, including two tracks from Siberry's 1981 self-titled debut and her most famous song, "Calling All Angels". That song, a duet with k.d. lang which was recorded for the soundtrack to Wim Wenders' Until the End of the World, had not yet been included on an album of new material by Siberry. It subsequently appeared on her 1993 album When I Was a Boy, and later appeared on a second film soundtrack, Pay It Forward. The version of "The Life Is The Red Wagon" is the single version, whereas A Collection 1984-1989 features the more stripped-down album version.

Credits

 * All music and lyrics by Jane Siberry.
 * All tracks produced by Jane Siberry and John Switzer, except track 3 Jane Siberry, 4 and 5 Jane Siberry/David Bradstreet/Carl Keesee, and 7 Jane Siberry/John Switzer/Jonathan Goldsmith/Kerry Crawford. Additional production on track 1 by Botany John.
 * Tracks 6-13 engineered and co-produced by John Naslen.
 * Mixed by Greg Jackman.

title: Summer in the Yukon


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Shambara

Shambara (शम्बर), also known as Shambarasura (शम्बरासुर) is an asura featured in Hindu mythology. He abducted the infant Pradyumna, the son of Krishna and Rukmini, and attempted to drown him. Pradyumna was raised by Mayavati (Rati), Shambarasura's cook, and the consort of the deity's true form of Kamadeva. After eventually growing up, Pradyumna killed Shambarasura and returned to his family in Dvaraka, along with his consort.

Legend
Kamadeva was burnt to ashes formerly by Shiva's anger. Kamadeva was later born as Pradyumna, the son of Krishna and Rukmini. The asura Shambarasura learned of the prophecy that Pradyumna was born to kill him. Shambarasura came to the palace of Dvaraka in the disguise of a woman, took away Pradyumna, who was hardly ten days old at that time, and threw him into the ocean. Pradyumna was swallowed by a large fish. Shambarasura later bought the same fish from a fisherman. Mayavati, the incarnation of Rati, who worked in Shambarasura's kitchen as a cook, found Pradyumna inside the fish. She recognised him as the reincarnation of her consort Kamadeva, and raised him until he was an adolescent.

Battle with Shambarasura
After Pradyumna grew up, Mayavati revealed to him his true identity as well as her own, as well as his purpose on earth, which was to slay Shambarasura. Pradyumna fought with Shambarasura, who employed the magic of the asuras. Rati also knew daitya magic, and taught Pradyumna how to neutralise the asura's magic with her knowledge of mahāmāyā vidyā. Pradyumna severed Shambarasura's head with one blow of his sword. Pradyumna then went to Dvaraka, and was reunited with his family.

Pradyumna Kills Shambara

title: Shambara


text: User talk:69.178.36.214

title: User talk:69.178.36.214


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Willetton Senior High School

Willetton Senior High School (WSHS) is a public secondary school in Willetton, Western Australia, 12 km south of the Perth central business district and 12.6 km east of the port of Fremantle. The school opened in February 1977 with 77 students. It is one of the largest schools in Western Australia, with enrolled students as of.

The student catchment area for WSHS encompasses the suburb of Willetton and part of the suburb of Bull Creek, which is shared with Leeming Senior High School and Rossmoyne Senior High School.

Campus
WSHS covers an area of approximately 4500 m2, located adjacent to Burrendah Primary School and Castlereagh School. There are seven main buildings, along with numerous transportable buildings, some many years old. A $5 million upgrade was completed in 2008 that resulted in the construction of a new gymnasium and several new facilities.

WSHS underwent a multimillion-dollar renovation and redevelopment that commenced in 2014. In the second semester of 2014, asbestos contamination was detected after construction workers found pieces of asbestos had fallen off the roof of a school building slated for demolition. The school was closed for a week so the site could be inspected. Teachers were sent to work from North Lake Senior High School where they connected with students via the internet so that classes could continue.

The following phase of the redevelopment, involving the construction of another block of classrooms, commenced in February 2022. Construction was completed in early 2024.

Academic rankings
The Year 12 cohorts at Willetton perform consistently well in the WACE school rankings, and the school ranks well when compared to other schools in Western Australia.

In 2017, Andreea Ioan won the Beazley Medal for the top ranked Vocational Education and Training student in Western Australia.

Special programs
WSHS is one of 20 schools offering the Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) with entry through a centrally organised testing program. Entry to the science-focused Talented And Gifted (TAG) program is managed at the school level. The school offers a specialist fine arts course for Years 8 to 10 and a successful senior school art program. A specialist course in computing was the first of its kind in WA and has recently been expanded to include a multimedia stream. A specialist basketball course runs from Years 8 to 11 and offers students a TAFE Certificate II in Sport Coaching and Sport and Recreation. Both male and female teams have won multiple national championships. As of June 2019, WSHS introduced a program called the eSports Club where all students can prepare for a sports competition and practice against other local schools. Some of the team names include WSHS eSports and DLGC.

International relations
WSHS has a sister school relationship with the High School and Junior High School of University of Hyogo located in Kamigōri, Ako District, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Cultural exchanges between the two schools commenced in 1995 and a collaborative international partnership was established in 2005. WSHS maintains relationships that provide opportunities for French and Italian language students to study overseas.

Incidents
On 11 May 2020, a 16-year-old male student was charged with illegal possession of a firearm after taking a gel blaster and a knife into the school. Crime Stoppers received a tipoff regarding the gun before the officers were called to the school at about 2:30pm. In a statement "the Education Department said [...] no other students were impacted and the situation was well managed."

On 5 May 2022, a female student pled guilty to a charge of attempted murder after she stabbed a female teacher at WSHS in November 2021. The girl had a female accomplice, who pled not guilty to the same charge. Although the intent was to wound the teacher fatally, the teacher was not injured seriously, receiving a 1 cm wound near the left armpit. The attacking girl was 14 years old at the time of the stabbing, and the girl that assisted was 13. In September 2022 the attacker was "sentenced to three years and one month detention, but will be eligible for parole after serving 15 months, a sentence [...] lower than it could have been due to the poor conditions at Banksia Hill"; the crime carries "a maximum penalty of life imprisonment." The accomplice was sentenced 12 days earlier "to 11 months in juvenile detention, but she may be released after serving half of that", with this sentence also lower than it could have been because of the poor conditions at Banksia Hill.

Notable alumni

 * Ebony Antonio – Australian rules football player
 * James Hayward – member of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 2021 until disqualified in 2023
 * Ben Henshall – basketball player
 * Luke Jackson – Australian rules football player
 * Shane Osborn – first Australian to earn two Michelin stars, and runner-up in the first season of The Final Table filmed for Netflix
 * Luke Travers – Australian basketball player
 * Rhys Vague – basketball player

title: Willetton Senior High School


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Brian Welch

Brian Philip Welch (born June 19, 1970), also known by his stage name Head, is an American musician. He is a guitarist and founding member of the nu metal band Korn and his solo project Love and Death, where he also provides vocals. Along with fellow Korn guitarist James "Munky" Shaffer, Welch helped develop Korn's distinctive sound (a mix of sirenlike shards of dissonant guitar that mimicked a turntablist's various effects and rumbling down-tuned riffing) that defined the nu metal aesthetic beginning in the mid-'90s.

After becoming a Christian, Welch left the band in 2005 to focus on life as a father and to pursue his own solo career. He released his debut Christian album, Save Me from Myself, in 2008. He reunited with Korn on-stage at the Carolina Rebellion in May 2012 for the first time in seven years; Welch officially announced in May 2013 that he was rejoining the band. Welch and Munky were ranked at No. 26 of Guitar World's 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time.

Early life
Welch was born on June 19, 1970 in Torrance, California, and was raised in Bakersfield. He was different from most kids, and was bullied in school. He liked music, and was a big Ozzy Osbourne fan. Originally, Welch expressed interest in playing the drums, but his father convinced him to play the guitar so he would not have to haul a drum kit around. He began playing the guitar at the age of 10. His first guitar was a Peavey Mystic, which he referred to in his book Save Me from Myself as "maybe the most metal-looking guitar you have ever seen."

Describing how he got his nickname "The Head", Welch stated,
 * "Guys said my head looked like it was too big for my body, and so they started calling me 'Head.' I guess it stuck".

Formation
Korn formed after the group L.A.P.D. broke up due to singer Richard Morrill's drug addiction. Musicians Reginald Arvizu, James Shaffer, and David Silveria wanted to continue, and they hired Welch to play guitar in their new band named "Creep". In early 1993, the band took notice of vocalist Jonathan Davis after seeing his band Sexart and attempted to recruit him. Davis initially did not want to join the band, but after consulting a psychic he changed his mind and auditioned. After Davis was hired, the group decided to rename themselves. "Jonathan had an immediate idea for a new name. He suggested that we call the band "Korn," and we all liked it. It sounded kinda creepy because it reminded us of that horror movie Children of the Corn".

Starting with Korn's self-titled debut album and with subsequent albums Life Is Peachy, Follow The Leader, Issues, Untouchables, and Take A Look in the Mirror, the band gradually became one of the top-selling nu metal groups, earning $25 million in royalty payments and selling out arenas. In January 1995, Welch's wife Rebekah gave birth to a daughter, but they decided to give her up for adoption. When she got pregnant again, they decided to keep the child. On July 6, 1998, Welch's wife gave birth to their second daughter, Jennea Marie Welch. The band was scheduled to be on the UK version of Ozzfest, but dropped out so that Welch could be by his wife's side. He and his wife later divorced and Welch had custody of their daughter. The two reside in Arizona. Despite being divorced, Welch kept in touch with his ex-wife until her death in June 2021.

By 2003, Welch had become addicted to drugs. He would prepare for tours by stashing as much methamphetamine as he could in vitamin capsules, deodorant containers, and his clothes. According to Welch, the band members also suffered personal battles with addiction: "We were only sober for just a couple of hours a day in Korn. Every day. And then when you come home and you've got to deal with real life and your wife isn't having that, crap goes down." Despite his dreams coming true, Welch did not enjoy the touring life with Korn. "You travel, you get to another town, you play a show and you do it again. You try to just be at peace but even a big, huge band like Korn, playing in front of thousands of people, it can get lonely. You feel like you're a trucker and you're traveling with a bunch of truckers. You can't connect with people except for the ones that you're with because the ones you party with after the show, you don't know them and then you're gone. When everyone's drunk, you're like 'Alright. Later.'"

Departure from Korn
On February 22, 2005, Korn's management announced that after almost 12 years, Welch had left Korn, citing that he had "...chosen the Lord Jesus Christ as his savior, and will be dedicating his musical pursuits to that end." In a 2009 radio interview with The Full Armor of God Broadcast, Welch explained: "I was walking one day, just doing my Rock & Roll thing making millions of bucks, you know success and everything, addicted to drugs and then the next day I had Revelation of Christ and I was like, everything changes right now!" On March 10, 2005, Welch was baptized in the Jordan River with a group of believers from his church in Bakersfield, California. He has declared that he has rid himself of all drugs in his "own personal rehab" with God, in which he had checked into a hotel room and sat in his bed for hours.

Welch and Davis had attacked each other in the media since the former's departure. After Welch said that Davis and the rest of Korn cared only about money, Davis responded in kind, opening a rift between them that has since been resolved. In an interview in which Welch was asked about his book and Korn's reaction to the book and the attacks in the media he made earlier at the band: They heard that I'd written it, and there was rumors going around in Hollywood that I was totally trashing them and that it was a 'tell all' book about everything they did and I did. And so they actually wrote two songs on their new album bashing me about the book. But once I heard that they were concerned about the book, I sent them a copy and put a note in there and said, 'I love you guys. I didn't trash you like people say. Read it yourselves. It is what it is.' And now they're doing interviews, and I've read that they're totally cool with the book, and it's not what they thought it was going to be. So everyone's happy. But, now they've got two songs hating on me on their record. But it's cool. It's all good. I love them, they love me. I think maybe I deserved those songs because of some of the stuff that I said after I quit the band. So it's all good.

In July 2005, Welch appeared on CNN's feature-format program "People in the News", where he admitted to having been addicted to alcohol, methamphetamine, Xanax, and sleeping pills before being introduced to the Christian faith. Following his conversion to Christianity, Welch went to some of the more poverty-stricken areas of India to build orphanages, or "Head Homes". In a podcast with Headbanger's Blog, on May 30, 2008, Korn vocalist Jonathan Davis expressed interest in playing with Welch on the band's upcoming album, but stated that it is not likely. In late 2008, Welch, among other celebrities such as Josh Hamilton and Greg Ellis, appeared in testimonial videos called I Am Second in which he shares his story of recovering from drug use with the help of his faith in Jesus Christ. In September 2009, Korn guitarist Munky, in an interview with Altitude TV, alleged that the band had denied a request by Welch to rejoin the outfit. In the interview, Munky claimed:

"Brian actually contacted us recently and wanted to come back to the band. And it was not the right time... for us. We're doing well, and it's kind of like... It's kind of like if you divorced your wife and she went on and she stayed successful and her career flourished, and you go back and [say], 'My gosh, she's still hot. Baby, can we get back together?' 'Wait a minute... All the stuff's been divided, and it's like...' I don't see it happening right now." Shortly after, Welch responded to the statement via his Myspace and official website, denying the claims:

I recently learned of an interview that Munky gave where he said that I came to Korn and asked to be taken back in the band. That's definitely not a complete and accurate picture. The full truth is that for about a year... Korn's managers have been requesting my manager to work on getting me back into Korn. The calls were initiated by Korn's managers, not my manager. I shut the door on their requests many, many times over the last several months.

As far as Munky's comment that 'everything has been divided already' that is also not accurate. In fact, from January 2005 when I left, and for the next 4 years, Korn failed to pay to me royalties that were due me on records that I did with them. However, I don't believe this was done intentionally. We are trying to be patient and work with their management to get the financial issues resolved so that 'everything can be divided as we agreed long ago in our contracts.'

Welch told Alternative Press magazine that it was at this time that he had essentially become broke because of bad business deals, mismanagement, and philanthropy. Welch stated there was a time that he was unable to pay his bills and resorted to finding loose change around his rental home to cover essentials. A royalty cheque was released to him not long after, allowing him some stability.

On June 17, 2011, Welch had a private interview, shot by Carson Bankord of Red Rocks Church in Golden, Colorado, in which he discussed his conversion experience. In an interview with Loudwire in November 2011, Head confirmed that he and the other members of Korn are still on good terms.

Reunion with Korn
On May 5, 2012, at the Carolina Rebellion in Rockingham, NC, Welch was there originally as a special guest for a performance by Red. Later that evening, Korn was performing on the main stage and Jonathan Davis brought out Welch as a special guest to close their act, marking the first time Welch had performed with Korn since his departure in 2005.

Welch performed with the band at Rock on the Range in May 2013, as well as Rock Am Ring and Rock Im Park in June 2013 in Germany, as well as Download Festival in England. Welch rejoined Korn on May 2, 2013, and recorded his first album with the band in ten years, The Paradigm Shift.

Welch has shown support for the LGBT community. In 2016, after receiving backlash by some Christian fans for praying at a concert for transgender people, he wrote a Facebook post criticizing the judgemental nature of certain Christians and encouraged them to "open their hearts".

In 2021, Welch stated that while he is still a Christian, he had gone "too far with it", feeling like religion had become another addiction. However, in another interview he added that this quote was taken out of context and that he had not renounced Christianity like many media outlets had reported. He also said he now feels he has gotten past being overly religious, but that faith in Christ is still the foundation of his life.

Save Me from Myself
As early as a week following his departure from Korn, Welch claimed through press that a solo record was close to being completed, although there was no release date given, nor had he yet signed on with a label to distribute the record.

A number of demos from these early sessions surfaced on peer-to-peer networks, among them "A Cheap Name", a song directed at rapper 50 Cent. He also recorded several other songs, including "Dream" and "A Letter to Dimebag", the latter being an instrumental tribute to "Dimebag" Darrell Abbott, guitarist for heavy metal bands Pantera and Damageplan. In his autobiography, Welch mentions the songs "Washed by Blood," "Save Me from Myself," and "Rebel", which all have made the final track listing for the album.

In an interview with MTV News, Welch clarified a few things. Primarily, he was concerned that it was reported that his new songs wouldn't be "Christian music".

During his stay in Israel with members of the Valley Bible Fellowship of Bakersfield, California, Welch continued to write songs for his solo effort, confident that the music would speak for itself. "I want to make music that will help people. I want to use every dime of the money I make off the songs to build skate parks for kids," he said. "My life now is about helping kids." Originally, Welch contacted Fieldy of Korn to produce the album, but Fieldy made no response.

On March 15, 2008, Welch announced he had founded a record company with Mark Nawara and Greg Shanabeger called Driven Music Group. The company's artists are distributed by Warner Music Group and Rykodisc. Welch also announced that he had re-dubbed his album Save Me from Myself, after his autobiography of the same name. Following this, his official MySpace profile went online, and the domain name for his official website was moved from www.headtochrist.com to www.brianheadwelch.net. Welch also revealed that a tour was expected to follow the release of Save Me from Myself.

For the album, Welch contributed the majority of the instruments, but also hired other contributors, including rhythm guitarist Archie J. Muise Jr., bassist Tony Levin, and drummer Josh Freese, for assistance. The first single, Flush, was released on July 5, 2008, at Cornerstone Festival in Bushnell, Illinois, and a music video directed by Frankie Nasso followed on September 5.

Originally, Welch planned for the project to follow the "Head" name, but was persuaded otherwise so as not to be sued by the tennis equipment manufacturer of the same name. Though the project has since been dubbed "Brian Head Welch", the album art continues to carry the imprint of the project's original title. The project's true title does appear on the spines of the packaging.

Of the album, Welch said: "'I knew it was going to be nothing near as big as Korn, but I was proud of it. It's got some heavy riffs and it's got a lot more emotion than I've ever put in music. I'm an emotional guy (and) it was cool to be able to put it in there. It was cool how people were surprised by it. A lot of people thought I was gonna come out with some 'Kumbaya,' Jesus music.'"

For his live touring band, Welch held closed and open auditions to recruit members. Members posted videos online of them performing Welch's solo songs and the list was narrowed down to a few who did a personal audition with Welch. Eventually, the lineup was finalized to include Brian Ruedy (Keyboards), Scott "SVH" Von Heldt (guitar & backing vocals), Ralph Patlan (guitar), Michael "Valentine" (bass), and Dan Johnson (drums).

Along with many other artists, including ex-Korn bandmates Fieldy and Munky, Welch contributed to "A Song for Chi". The instrumental track was to benefit Deftones bassist Chi Cheng, who was in a coma but later died. All the profits benefited the "One Love for Chi" foundation. This was the first time Head was involved with any of his former bandmates since leaving the band.

In 2009, Welch joined the 9th annual Independent Music Awards judging panel to assist independent musicians' careers.

On July 2, 2009, Welch headlined the mainstage of the Cornerstone Festival and on August 29, Welch headlined the Exit Concert in Las Vegas at the Thomas and Mack Arena with Blindside and Flyleaf. On July 3, 2010, he was featured on the Fringe stage of the Creation Festival.

Welch has often described his solo project as being received very differently from Korn. Despite his fame with Korn, he has compared his solo project to 'starting over': "It's a struggle, because one show I'll have a thousand people there, and the next show there'll be a hundred. When the hundred is there, I'm like, 'There's one or two people who really need us to be here,' and it should be focused on them and I shouldn't care if there's a big crowd or not, but I struggle with it. I was in Korn and we sold like 25 million albums, and I can't even fill this little bar up? Of all those fans, 300–400 people can't just show up here? It's like starting over, totally."

Save Me From Myself peaked at No. 63 on the Billboard 200 while also peaking at 13 and 21 on the Hard Rock and Rock charts, respectively.

The Whosoevers
In 2008, Welch became a principal organizer and representative of The Whosoevers, an outreach organization and product line co-founded by Sonny Sandoval of P.O.D. and public speaker, Ryan Ries. The group includes musicians in other alternative/nu metal bands such as Lacey Mosely of Flyleaf, as well as freestyle motocross athlete, Ronnie Faisst. Sandoval and Ries speak publicly worldwide in settings such as schools, rehab centers, parks, conferences and youth events inspiring individuals who are eager to discover their purpose.

Unreleased songs
According to an interview with the Great Falls Tribune, Welch returned to the studio to begin work on a second album. Concerning his career at the time, Welch said that "'I feel like I was created to do what I'm doing right now. Everything I learned in my life before I changed it all over, it set me up for what I'm doing now. That's the satisfaction. That's the peace in knowing, without a doubt, that you're on the road you're supposed to be on. There's nothing more content than that.'"

In November 2009, Welch announced that his second effort would be produced by Grammy-nominee Rob Graves (Red, Pillar), and that the band was recording in Nashville, expecting to complete the record by February 2010. Of recording with Graves, Welch stated that "the production on our new record is going awesome with Rob Graves. Our goal is to get the record completely mixed and mastered by the first part of February, and released immediately thereafter. My band is together, helping with the recording, and we will be ready for a full U.S. tour beginning early next year." Welch also signed an international representational deal with William Morris Endeavor Entertainment. On signing the deal with WMEE, Welch said that "I'm really excited about my deal with William Morris Endeavor, and I'm honored to be on the roster of one of the largest and most storied agencies in existence. I would like to publicly thank Ember Rigsby Tanksley and her entire team at WMEE for their belief in what I am trying to do. I feel like this is the final piece in the puzzle that we have been working on to take us to the next level."

In addition, Welch signed with Union Entertainment Group, Inc., for management in early 2010.

According to Welch in April 2010, he has finished a demo of a record for the songs, but has yet to re-enter the studio to complete the recording process as he is on tour in the United States. The band has been playing a number of unreleased songs live from the demo of the record including the following songs: The CD was expected to be released sometime during April 2012, But it has yet to be released.
 * Runaway
 * Bury Me, Resurrected
 * Take This From Me
 * Torment

On March 25, 2011, Welch started a North American tour with Decyfer Down, The Letter Black, and The Wedding.

Chemicals EP
Welch and his band went into the studio with Jasen Rauch in early/mid-2011 to start recording an EP. The lead single, "Paralyzed", was released on October 4, 2011. The "making of" video for "Paralyzed" was posted on Welch's Facebook fan page, along with a streaming of the full "Paralyzed" track. The music video for "Paralyzed" was released on Revolver's website on November 8, 2011. In February 2012, Welch announced that the EP would be released under the name "Love and Death", the new moniker for his solo project.

Split with record label
On March 22, 2011, Welch got into a legal battle with his own label, Driven Music Group, and former managers Greg Shanaberger and Mark Nawara. According to Welch, Shanaberger structured Head Touring, Welch's touring company under Driven Music, to give himself and Nawara share of control and revenue. Shanaberger's agreements required Welch to buy merchandise through Head Touring at an inflated price which was far above industry standards, "for which Shanaberger and Nawara reaped the benefits," claims Welch. Welch also claims that Shanaberger attempted to hide "his fraudulent, unethical and illegal behavior" by listing his then fiancée as a shareholder. Welch claims that the agreements were "predatory, unconscionable, and constitutes self-dealing" and that they were written with the intention to "rob Welch of his master recordings, which were worth upwards of $600,000." Welch is seeking punitive damages, the appointment of a receiver, the dissolution of Driven Music Group, and costs.

Love and Death
In February 2012, Welch announced that he was re-branding his music under the name Love and Death, effectively forming a band under that name. In an official statement, Welch elaborated on the name and the change: "The name 'Love and Death' symbolizes everything we've been through as a band over the last few years. We love this band so much and we'll go through hell to connect with our fans. Many people have confused my speaking dates and our band dates because they were both being booked as Brian Head Welch. I have wanted to use a band name for branding my music for a few years. Now with the new music coming out, its [sic] time to really separate the things I do. I want the music to be about music. I will still be doing public speaking under Brian Head Welch. I am happy that all the confusion will be over." The band's debut single, "Chemicals", was released in March, while an EP of the same name was released on April 24, 2012.

A full-length album, Between Here & Lost, was released on January 22, 2013.

Despite rejoining Korn permanently in 2013, Welch has clarified that Love and Death will remain an active project. On May 17, 2016, Love and Death released a new single, "Lo Lamento", as a free-download with the purchase of his book, With My Eyes Wide Open: Miracles & Mistakes on My Way Back to KoRn.

Other media
In 2003, Welch made an appearance at WWE's flagship event WrestleMania 19 performing with Limp Bizkit in their song Rollin' (Air Raid Vehicle), Welch filled in as Limp Bizkit's touring guitarist for several dates in Spring of 2003.

On December 6, 2023, Welch unveiled a new record label he created with longtime manager David Williams, and announced Christian Rock band Spoken as his first signees.

Musical equipment
Welch's first guitar was a Peavey Mystic, which he later sold along with a practice amp to future bandmate James "Munky" Shaffer. Throughout his career with Korn, Welch almost exclusively played Ibanez guitars, most of which were assembled at the Ibanez LA Custom Shop.

During his later days with Korn, Welch and Munky played their own signature guitar, the Ibanez K7. Since leaving Korn, Welch mostly uses custom-built baritone guitars from Ibanez, making use of the RG and, at the time, newly introduced RGD shape. After rejoining Korn in 2013, Welch received several custom-made Ibanez seven-string RGDs.

In 2017, Welch switched endorsement from Ibanez to ESP Guitars after being with the former for 24 years. He released his first ESP signature model called the SH-7ET.

Welch's pedalboard has grown considerably from his early days with Korn. He considers experimenting and trying out new pedals to be one of his favorite things to do when working in a studio.

Korn

 * Korn (1994)
 * Life Is Peachy (1996)
 * Follow the Leader (1998)
 * Issues (1999)
 * Untouchables (2002)
 * Take a Look in the Mirror (2003)
 * The Paradigm Shift (2013)
 * The Serenity of Suffering (2016)
 * The Nothing (2019)
 * Requiem (2022)

Brian Head Welch

 * Into the Light: The Testimony (2007)
 * "Flush" (single) (2008)
 * Save Me from Myself (September 9, 2008)
 * "Re-bel" (single) (2009)
 * "Paralyzed" (single) (October 4, 2011)

Love and Death

 * Chemicals (April 24, 2012)
 * Between Here & Lost (January 22, 2013)
 * Perfectly Preserved (February 12, 2021)

Music videos

 * "Blind" (Korn) with Korn – 1995
 * "Shoots and Ladders" (Korn) with Korn – 1995
 * "Clown" (Korn) with Korn – 1996
 * "No Place to Hide" (Life Is Peachy) with Korn – 1996
 * "A.D.I.D.A.S." (Life Is Peachy) with Korn – 1997
 * "Good God" (Life Is Peachy) with Korn – 1997
 * "Got the Life" (Follow the Leader) with Korn – 1998
 * "Faith by Limp Bizkit - 1998 (cameo)
 * "Freak on a Leash" (Follow the Leader) with Korn – 1999
 * "Falling Away from Me" (Issues) with Korn – 1999
 * "Make Me Bad" (Issues) with Korn – 2000
 * "Somebody Someone" (Issues) with Korn – 2000
 * "Here to Stay" (Untouchables) with Korn – 2002
 * "Thoughtless" (Untouchables) with Korn – 2002
 * "Alone I Break" (Untouchables) with Korn – 2002
 * "Did My Time" (Take a Look in the Mirror) with Korn – 2003
 * "Right Now" (Take a Look in the Mirror) with Korn – 2003
 * "Y'All Want a Single" (Take a Look in the Mirror) with Korn – 2004
 * "Word Up!" (Greatest Hits, Vol 1) with Korn – 2004
 * "Another Brick in the Wall" (Greatest Hits, Vol 1) with Korn – 2004
 * "Flush" (Save Me From Myself) as Head – 2008
 * "Paralyzed (Paralyzed Single'') as Head – 2011
 * "Chemicals" (Chemicals -EP) with Love and Death – 2012
 * "The Abandoning" (Between Here & Lost) with Love and Death – 2013
 * "Meltdown" (Between Here & Lost) with Love and Death – 2013
 * "Never Never" (The Paradigm Shift) with Korn – 2013
 * "Love & Meth" (The Paradigm Shift) with Korn – 2014
 * "Spike in My Veins" (The Paradigm Shift) with Korn – 2014
 * "Rotting in Vain" (The Serenity of Suffering) with Korn – 2016
 * "Insane" (The Serenity of Suffering) with Korn – 2016
 * "Take Me" (The Serenity of Suffering) with Korn – 2016
 * "Black Is the Soul" (The Serenity of Suffering) with Korn – 2017
 * "You'll Never Find Me" (The Nothing) with Korn – 2019
 * "Can You Hear Me" (The Nothing) with Korn – 2020
 * "Finally Free" (The Nothing) with Korn – 2020
 * "Start the Healing" (Requiem) with Korn – 2021
 * "Fall On Your Knees" with HolyName- 2023

Other appearances

 * War & Peace Vol. 1 (appears on "Fuck Dying" with KoRn) (1998)
 * Videodrone (appears on "Power Tools for Girls") (1999)
 * Queen of the Damned Soundtrack (2002)
 * Rock'n Roll Gangster (appears on Korn Gigglebox & Special K Buzz) (2002)
 * A Song for Chi (2009)
 * Wait for the Siren by Project 86 (appears on "The Crossfire Gambit") (guest vocals) (2012)
 *  A Killer's Confession (2016)
 *  A Killer's Confession (appears on the "Unbroken"
 * Elements by Caliban (appears on "Masquerade") (2018)
 * Amends by Grey Daze (appears on "B12" and "She Shines") (2020)
 * "KIDS" by We Are PIGS (single) (2021)
 * Skin Crawl by Islander (appears on "It's Not Easy Being Human") (2022)
 * "Fall On Your Knees" by HolyName (2023)

Filmography

 * Who Then Now? (1997)
 * Family Values Tour (1998)
 * South Park "Korn's Groovy Pirate Ghost Mystery" as himself (1999)
 * Deuce (2002)
 * Korn Live (2002)
 * MTV Icon: Metallica (2003)
 * WWE WrestleMania (2003)
 * Live at Montreux 2004 (2008)
 * Holy Ghost (2014)
 * Loud Krazy Love (2018)

title: Brian Welch


text:
Robert Rimmer

Robert Henry Rimmer (March 14, 1917 – August 1, 2001) was an American writer who authored several books, most notably The Harrad Experiment, which was made into a film in 1973.

The recurring theme in almost all of Rimmer's writing was a criticism of the assumption of monogamy as a societal norm. They explore various ways of organizing life, through laws or other means, to facilitate non-monogamous relationships.

Early life and education
Robert Henry Rimmer was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on March 14, 1917, to Francis "Frank" Henry Rimmer, owner of the Relief Printing Corporation, and Blanche Rosealma, née Rochefort, Rimmer in Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Bates College with a multi-disciplinary degree in English, Psychology and Philosophy and later obtained an MBA from Harvard.

Career
Rimmer served in World War II. When his enlistment was up, he returned to the U.S. and took a position in the family printing business. He stated, "Little did I know as a growing fetus in Blanche's womb that twenty-nine years later Relief Printing Corporation would own me, and FH, as I began to call him ("Dad" seemed inappropriate when I was finally in business with him), would be subtly controlling my life." 25 years passed before he wrote his first novel.

His relationship with his father, especially, and his mother are reflected in some of his works, such as the novel The Rebellion of Yale Marrat. Rimmer stated, "I transformed portions of my realities into fiction. Pat Marrat, for example, is a fleshier, cigar-smoking version of FH. The conflict between Matt Godwin and his father in The Immoral Reverend has many similarities."

Rimmer has stated that his greatest influences came from reading books, since this was the only real available entertainment in his developmental years, especially reading of his heroes such as Benjamin Franklin and the "Bound to Rise" heroes of Horatio Alger, as well as Hans Christian Andersen, Mark Twain, and the unexpurgated Arabian Nights.

Rimmer died in Quincy, Massachusetts, on August 1, 2001.

Film adaptations
Rimmer's novel The Harrad Experiment was made into a film in 1973, and That Girl from Boston was adapted in 1975.

title: Robert Rimmer


text:
Eynsford

Eynsford ( or ) is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It is located 3.3 mi south east of Swanley, 7 mi south of Dartford.

The village including its farmland and woods occupies the northern half of the triangle formed by three motorways in west Kent barring its very northernmost part which is Farningham. This area is undulating and has a large minority of woodland. In the south of the parish is Lullingstone, much of which was owned for many centuries by the large, late medieval Lullingstone Castle, whereas other parts of the village were owned by Eynsford Castle, which is older. Well before the founding of the Kingdom of England, Lullingstone Roman villa was founded in this part of the parish, which is open to the public today. The Darent Valley Path takes in a cross-section of the area.

The village
Eynsford is first mentioned in writing in 864, as "Egenes homme". The derivation is unclear, but one possibility is that it represents "Ægen's river-meadow", from the Old English hamm "river-meadow, enclosure". In 1801 the village had the highest population in the Dartford area, at 841 persons. In the centre of the village is a ford over the river, with a picturesque hump-back bridge alongside. There are many old buildings including the 16th-century Plough Inn and the Old Mill. The church is dedicated to St Martin. In about 1163, Thomas Becket is reputed to have excommunicated William de Eynsford, the owner of Eynsford castle. The excommunication was cancelled by King Henry II and the issue became part of the quarrel that led to Becket's murder in 1170.

John Wesley is thought to have preached here: he was a friend of the then vicar of Shoreham, the next village along the valley. The Wesley Stone by the bridge commemorates the spot.

It was near Eynsford village (at Austin Lodge) that Percy Pilcher constructed and successfully flew lightweight gliders. On 30 September 1899, having completed his triplane, he had intended to demonstrate it to a group of onlookers and potential sponsors in a field near Stanford Hall. However, days before, the engine crankshaft had broken and, so as not to disappoint his guests, he decided to fly the Hawk instead. The weather was stormy and rainy, but by 4 pm Pilcher decided the weather was good enough to fly. Whilst flying, the tail snapped and Pilcher plunged 10 m to the ground: he died two days later from his injuries with his triplane having never been publicly flown.

Another famous resident was Arthur Mee who built and lived in Eynsford Hill, a grand house overlooking the village. Mee edited both the weekly Children's Newspaper and the Children's Encyclopaedia, in which the design and construction of Eynsford Hill was chronicled. Whether the name of Eliza Doolittle's husband Freddy Eynsford-Hill in George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion is connected to the house is a matter of conjecture.

The village was scandalised in the 1920s by the antics of composers E.J. Moeran and Peter Warlock who rented a house there; Warlock's habit of riding his motorbike round the village naked was matched by his housemate's singing sea shanties on a Sunday morning to try to drown out the congregation in the Baptist chapel next door. Although the time spent in Eynsford was productive for Warlock, Moeran never really recovered.

Graham Sutherland lived for many years in the 17th century Willow Cottage opposite the old village school.

The parish was part of Axstane Hundred and later Dartford Rural District.

Eynsford Castle
Dating from 1088, Eynsford Castle is one of the most complete Norman castles in England. Ransacked in the 14th century, it fell into decay. For years it was used as dog kennels by the Hart-Dyke family of nearby Lullingstone Castle. It is now in the care of English Heritage and open to the public

Lullingstone Castle
Not a true castle, but a manor house, built in the 15th century and substantially rebuilt in the 18th century by Sir Percyvall Hart in honour of Queen Anne, who often stayed there. In 1875 Sir William Hart-Dyke and two of his friends framed the rules of lawn tennis at Lullingstone and first played the game there, using a ladder supported on two barrels for a net. The silk farm that supplied Queen Elizabeth II with silk for her wedding dress was situated here, though by the time the Lullingstone Silk Farm provided Lady Diana Spencer with silk for hers, it had moved to Dorset.

In 2004 the current heir to the estate, Tom Hart Dyke, created the World Garden of Plants in the grounds from a design made in 2000 while he was held captive by rebels in Colombia. The 2 acre walled garden is laid out like a map of the world, containing some 10 000 species planted to create the shapes of their areas of origin. Both house and garden are open to the public, and the garden in 2005 won the British Guild of Travel Writers' 'Best UK Tourism Project' award.

Lullingstone Roman Villa
Lullingstone Roman villa was discovered in 1939, and contains some of the finest excavated remains of a Roman villa in Britain, including a Romano-Christian chapel.

Wildlife
The Eastern areas flanking the Darent were largely grazed and kept open from encroaching scrub and woodland up until the 1950's. The ensuing changes and scrub encroachment meant a loss of habitat for many downland butterfly species. This decline was repeated in the bird and reptile populations. Stirling clearance efforts ensued along Preston Hill and the flanks of Lower Austin Lodge, though without enough consistency to make a substantial difference. The shallower Western slopes of the Darent up to Lullingstone Golf Course still have a substantial diversity of butterflies and birds, the lockdown period on 2020 even encouraging quite unsuspected birds like the Wheatear to take up spring and summer residence.

Eynsford on television
20 Miles from Piccadilly Circus consisted of six half-hour episodes about various aspects of life in the village. The show was released in 1994 and initially aired only in the Carlton Television region, although the first three episodes were later repeated on Channel 4.

Save Lullingstone Castle was a six-part series by Keo Films, aired between 4 April and 9 May 2006, on BBC2. It followed the fortunes of Tom Hart Dyke as he developed the World Map of Plants and attempted to thereby turn the fortunes of the estate. A second series, Return to Lullingstone Castle aired between 19 March and 23 April 2007.

In the movie Love Actually, the vicar at Eynsford church at the time played the vicar that married Juliet and Peter.

For ITV's 2021 comedy drama The Larkins, Eynsford featured as the fictional village of Littlechurch, and was used for a number of filming locations including The Village Hall, Castle Hotel, The Five Bells Pub and various spots around Eynsford Riverside and Ford

Eynsford Baptist Church
In 1775, A Baptist preacher, Mr J. Morris, opened his house in Eynsford for the preaching of the Gospel. This was the beginning of a Baptist community, which grew despite opposition from the established church. In 1802, it is recorded in the history of the church that when Mr Rogers came to be pastor "great difficulty was experienced in obtaining lodgings for the young Minister, that at one time the prejudice against a Baptist Minister was so strong that the people with whom he lodged had notice to quit their house unless he left, and it was with the greatest difficulty he secured a house when he married."

The first building was completed in 1806, giving way to the present enlarged building in 1906.

The current pastor is the Rev. Joel Schofield.

Rail
Eynsford station provides the village with National Rail services to London Blackfriars via Catford and to Sevenoaks.

Buses
Eynsford is served by Go-Coach route 2 to Sevenoaks and Swanley, with limited journeys on Mondays through Saturdays.

title: Eynsford


text:
A Collection 1984–1989

A Collection 1984–1989 is a 1995 greatest hits compilation of her by Jane Siberry. It was released in Canada and the United States. Later that year, the compilation Summer in the Yukon was released in the United Kingdom.

Track listing
Source: Discogs; Amazon

title: A Collection 1984–1989


text:
User:Dori/Copyrights

I agree to multi-license all my Wikipedia text contributions, where applicable, with the exception of my user pages under both the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL version 1.2 or higher) and Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-by-SA version 1.0 and 2.0). The template below is meant for informational purposes only and may not reflect my intentions:

title: User:Dori/Copyrights


text:
GDM

GDM may refer to:

 * Desportivo Maputo, a Mozambican football club
 * Gardner Municipal Airport (Massachusetts)
 * Giardini di Mirò, an Italian rock band
 * Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
 * Gestational diabetes mellitus
 * Gibraltar Democratic Movement
 * GNOME Display Manager
 * Gold Decoration for Merit, an honour of South Africa
 * Gradient discretisation method
 * Grassroots Development Movement, a political party in Liberia
 * Greyhound Mexico

title: GDM


text:
Locomotive frame

A locomotive frame is the structure that forms the backbone of the railway locomotive, giving it strength and supporting the superstructure elements such as a cab, boiler or bodywork. The vast majority of locomotives have had a frame structure of some kind. The frame may in turn be supported by axles directly attached to it, or it may be mounted on bogies (UK) / trucks (US), or a combination of the two. The bogies in turn will have frames of their own.

Types of frame
Three main types of frame on steam locomotives may be distinguished:

Plate frames
These used steel plates about 1 - 2 in thick. They were mainly used in Britain and continental Europe. On most locomotives, the frames would be situated within the driving wheels ("inside frames"), but some classes of an early steam locomotive and diesel shunters were constructed with "outside frames". Some early designs were double framed where the frame consisted of plates both inside and outside the driving wheels. Others were sandwich frames where the frame was constructed of wood sandwiched between two metal plates.

Bar frames
These are openwork girder structures built up from steel or iron bars which are usually 4 - 7 in thick, welded into a single load-bearing assembly. They were first used on the Bury Bar Frame locomotive during the 1830s, and were widely used in nineteenth century American locomotives (including those exported to Australia and New Zealand; see Vogel railways).

Cast steel beds
Cast steel locomotive beds were a development of the final years of steam locomotive design in the United States. They were also exported to Britain and Australia from the US.

Articulated locomotives
An articulated locomotive with no fixed wheels (i.e. excluding the Mallet locomotive but including other articulated steam locomotives, as well as most diesel and electric locomotives) may have a separate frame beneath the superstructure, or the bodywork's internal structure may be load-bearing. Rarely is a true monocoque structure used.

Diesel and electric locomotives with a traditional, full-width body, known as cab units in North America, tend to have their strength in an internal structure. This style of construction is still popular elsewhere, but North American locomotives nowadays are overwhelmingly hood units—with a strong frame beneath the superstructure that carries all the load, and bodywork made of removable panels for easy maintenance. Fully enclosed locomotives are used in some limited applications, mostly for passenger trains. These tend to be cowl units, in which the body is not load-bearing.

title: Locomotive frame


text:
Great Lakes Bowl

The Great Lakes Bowl was an American college football bowl game that was played only once, on December 6, 1947 in Cleveland, Ohio between the Kentucky Wildcats and the Villanova Wildcats. The game was played at Cleveland Stadium with attendance of 14,908.

Kentucky of the Southeastern Conference was in its second season under coach Bear Bryant. They brought a 7–3 record into the game, their losses coming to Ole Miss (ranked #13 in the final AP Poll of the season), Alabama (ranked #6 in the final AP Poll of the season) and Tennessee.

The Villanova Wildcats, coached by Jordan Olivar, brought a 6–2–1 record into the game, having lost to Army and Boston College. It was the first bowl appearance for Kentucky and the second for Villanova, which in 1936 tied Auburn, 7–7, in the Bacardi Bowl in Havana, Cuba. Neither team was ranked entering the game, though Kentucky had spent three weeks in the AP top twenty in October, rising as high as #13.

Game summary
In the first quarter Kentucky's George Blanda kicked a 27-yard field goal. At halftime Kentucky led 3–0. In the third quarter Kentucky's Jim Howe had a 29-yard touchdown run; Blanda's point after kick gave Kentucky a 10–0 lead.

Yet Villanova, behind the accurate throws of highly touted quarterback Andy Gordon, marched back. Two plays into the fourth period, Villanova's Ralph Pasquariello, carrying several Kentucky defenders on his back, rambled 11-yards into the endzone. John Siano's conversion pulled Villanova within a field goal, 10–7.

Later in the fourth quarter, Kentucky's Jack Griffin broke through the Villanova line to partially block a punt, giving Kentucky excellent field position at the 25-yard line. Several plays later, Kentucky's Bill Boller raced 25 yards for a touchdown, and after the Blanda extra-point, Kentucky had cushioned its lead to 17–7. With time now against them, Villanova went to the air, but Kentucky's Boller intercepted a Gordon pass and returned it 49 yards for another touchdown. Now trailing 24–7, Gordon returned to the air first hitting Zip Zehler with a 38-yard strike, Gordon then connected with John Sheehan for a 13-yard touchdown pass. With the Siano conversion the score was 24–14.

Villanova's Joe Rogers, Captain of the squad for the game, also made sizable gains during the game.

The Great Lakes Bowl was never played again as a major bowl game, but did take place in 1948 as a small college bowl game where John Carroll University defeated Canisius College 14–13.

Kentucky and Villanova met again in the regular season the following year. They tied 13–13 in Lexington, Kentucky, on November 6, 1948.

Scoring summary

 * Kentucky — George Blanda 27-yard field goal
 * Kentucky — Howe 29-yard run (George Blanda kick)
 * Villanova — Pasquariello 11-yard run (John Siano kick)
 * Kentucky — Boller 25-yard run (George Blanda kick)
 * Kentucky — Boller 49-yard interception return (George Blanda kick)
 * Villanova — Gordon 13-yard pass to Sheehan (John Siano kick)

title: Great Lakes Bowl


text:
PC Fútbol

PC Fútbol was a series of football management simulation games developed by Spanish developers Dinamic Multimedia. It was one of the big successes in the Spanish PC market, spawning several titles from 1992 until the studio's closure in 2001. The series was later revived in 2004 by developers Gaelco and there were two more releases before the series final demise.

History
PC Fútbol was a significant hit in Spain; Marca's Marcos Anton wrote that it "became an absolute legend of the genre". Its first installment sold 7,000 copies in Spain, while PC Fútbol 7 reached domestic sales of 360,000 copies. The games were always sold at a budget price, usually in kiosks, and were always fiercely championed by the local press. Unlike most other football sims at the time, the game (since 2.0) allowed to take both player (dubbed arcade) and managerial approach to the game, a formula that was not used in mainstream games until Total Club Manager 2004 allowed FIFA Football 2004 owners to actually play the game (which in its turn was modeled after Ascaron's Anstoss series).

Former Liverpool player and Spanish television pundit, Michael Robinson was the face and voice of the game, and most of the season analysis inside the updates was signed by him. The game was one of the first licensed games - by the Liga de Fútbol Profesional - which meant that the developers were able to use real player and team names.

One of the most distinguishable features of the series were the updates; the game had a built-in calendar and league tracking utility and so owners of the game could connect to Dinamic's servers and update their data monthly. Some of the data (like photos) could not be fit inside a floppy, and data packs were made available in gaming magazines or via direct request. As the CD-ROM replaced the floppy versions (around 1996), there was no need for additional data packs, but there was still a final update (released in the end of the season) that would complete all league tracking data and Robinsons' comments.

The later games (2000 and 2001) were plagued by bugs, and although the updates assured a less problematic gaming experience, it had worn some of the userbase, who could finally have fully licensed alternatives from EA Sports and Sports Interactive (FIFA/Stars and Championship Manager, respectively). By mid-2001 PC Fútbol 2001 support ceased, and Dinamic closed shortly after. A complete modification ("mod") of the game was released shortly after, showing a still dedicated fan-base. A total of nine titles in the main series were released, the first simply numbered, and the final two 2000 and 2001, and sold around 1 million copies altogether.

In 2004, Planeta DeAgostini acquired the rights to the name and released PC Fútbol 2005, developed by Gaelco. It continued the "tradition" of bug-ridden games of the early games, and although it sold very well in December 2004 (second only to The Sims 2), most fans were disappointed with it.

After numerous attempts to revive the successful series, in 2023 the launch of the game on PC was announced, but in 2024 the pre-sale was suspended amidst much controversy.

In 2024, the release of PC Fútbol 8, expected on April 30th on Steam was confirmed, but on 25th April, it was postponed to 17th May. On May 15th, the release was postponed again to June 7th, but on May 20th, another email from "Una partida más" moved the release date forward to May 27th.

Other titles
There were a number of titles released outside the main series: PC Calcio and PC Premier focused on the Italian and English football championships, and PC Clausura, aimed at Argentine market. Before the Euro'96, PC Selección'96, gave players the control of the Spanish team for the same tournament.

PC Fútbol abroad
Since the first versions of the game were only available in Spanish, the series market was limited, but the success was wide. In 1994 Dinamic Multimedia decided to reach the Italian and Argentine markets and published PC Calcio and PC Fútbol Clausura. Both were successful and followed by other versions each year.

In 1996, Gremlin approached the Spanish company to develop new titles on their highly regarded Premier Manager series. Three games were released using the PC Fútbol engine, from 1997 to 1999. In 2000, EuroLeague Football, an English oriented version of PC Fútbol 2000 was released, published by Sold-Out Software.

Games

 * Simulador Profesional de Fútbol
 * PC Fútbol 2.0
 * PC Fútbol 3.0
 * PC Fútbol 4.0
 * PC Fútbol 5.0
 * PC Fútbol 6.0
 * PC Fútbol 7
 * PC Fútbol 2000
 * PC Fútbol 2001
 * PC Fútbol 2005
 * PC Fútbol 2006
 * PC Fútbol 2007
 * pc fútbol 8

title: PC Fútbol


text:
Category:Geonim

 * This category is for Geonim, rabbis who served as 1) presidents of one of the two great Talmudic Academies in post-Talmudic Babylonia, namley that of Sura and Pumbedita; 2) presidents of the Tiberias or Jerusalem Palestinian Gaonate; 3) Leaders of Egyptian Jewry during that period. The Geonic period lasted from around 600 to 1050.

title: Category:Geonim


text:
Talk:Hyperbolic motion

Weird and apparently rhetorical question
Is Lobachevski the greatest mathematician who ever got chalk on his coat? Baylink 07:21, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

H^3, Fermat metric, and Rindler
The so-called Fermat metric for the Rindler chart is H^3. (Hyperbolic three-space.) Someone else who has read the wonderful little book Gravitional Curvature by Frenkel should fix this article to clarify all this stuff. I'd do it, but I have my hands full with other stuff.---CH (talk) 04:55, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Merger proposal
See book cited in previous note for explanation of merger proposal.---CH (talk) 04:59, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is mostly 2D geometry and not about relativity. Vote against merger.Rgdboer 21:03, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Simplification
I suggest adding info about the hyperbolic motion a spacecraft may undergo as it "slingshots" past the Sun, a planet, or moon. Such a spacecraft may also follow a parabolic path, depending on it's velocity and distance from the object. Since this would be the simplest definition of hyperbolic motion, I believe it should be placed first. Much of the info for this could be found under Planetary orbit.StuRat 19:01, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Another suggestion is to make this a disambiguation page, pointing to the existing hyperbolic motion (relativity), a new hyperbolic motion (hyperbolic geometry) which would contain the body of this article, and a new hyperbolic motion (orbits) which would contain what I mentioned above. StuRat 19:08, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * A hatnote referring to hyperbolic orbit is okay, but calling that "hyperbolic motion" feels unnatural to me. —Tamfang (talk) 06:46, 27 May 2011 (UTC)

fundamentals
If inversion in a circle is not restricted to the unit circle, dilation can be represented as a composition of two inversions, reducing the number of fundamental half-plane motions. And what about reflection in a vertical line? —Tamfang (talk) 19:33, 22 May 2011 (UTC)

More generally, I'd prefer not to begin by tying the concepts to specific models: rather, say that all motions can be composed from no more than three hyperbolic reflections, and then give the expressions of reflection in the various models. —Tamfang (talk) 20:00, 22 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Yes, some astute observations on the inelegance of the quick introduction. For instance, reflection in a vertical line which is considered an isometry but reverses orientation of figures. The article was composed as a rapid entry to hyperbolic geometry of the upper-half plane; disk motions were tacked on when coquaternions were motivated. Your observations could be developed into constructive edits, which would naturally move the article more toward group theory. The trio of motions were what was wanted to construct the metric for a novice.Rgdboer (talk) 21:05, 22 May 2011 (UTC)

 * It has been a while since this article has been addressed. Small changes today do not meet your issues, which have me thinking about proper content. Note that Mario Pieri based his view of geometry on the notion of motion. Reconsidering the section developing the metric in HP took me to Introduction to special relativity since the objective originally was Introduction to hyperbolic geometry. Now nearly two centuries into the revolution of Bolyai & Lobachevski, there has been very little evidence of popularization of hyperbolic geometry. Defining the metric as a logarithm of a cross-ratio expects a lot from a student. The reference "Bonahon" follows a similar development to bring students in quickly.Rgdboer (talk) 00:49, 23 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hyperbolic motion


text:
Talk:Alta California

Ranchos of California
http://www.socalhistory.org/pages/LABioah.htm

"After 1821 and Mexico's independence from Spain, almost 800 ranchos were established, the bulk of them in the 1830s and 1840s."

That's not including the Ranchos already granted by the Spanish. The list of Ranchos could end up being one v-e-r-y long list. ;-) gK [[User talk:GK|¿?]] 07:21, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't know that the list needs to be exhaustive. My guess is there may be 40 or so notable ranchos. Most ranchos were probably small, rapidly sold, rural, lost in the Americanization process, or otherwise insignificant. -Willmcw 03:11, 6 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Alta%2c_California 95701 95715
The statement that somehow shares an esoteric belief that the majority of Californios wanted independence from Mexican rule simply is false..only the emigrant Americans flooding into the California provence were the ones that wanted to take what was percieved as theirs. Inflamatory statements like this that distort history is why we have such an ignorant understanding today in this reigon, I would suggest writing only citation fact, not Hollywood fiction DonDeigo 16:21, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

There should be a page of Alta%2c_California, which shares the zone improvement plan code of "95715", with Emigrant_Gap%2c_California & Blue Canyon%2c California {list_of_airports_in_California, Interstate_80_in_California}.

< http://google.com/search?q=%22alta%22+%2295715%22+%22emigrant%22+%22blue+canyon%22++california++ >.

Here are some of the other versions of "Alta":

Altadena%2c_California

Los_Altos%2c_California

Palo_Alto%2c_California

Altaville%2c_California

Alturas%2c_California

Alta_Loma%2c_Rancho_Cucamonga%2c_California

Alta_Sierra%2C_California

California_%28province%29

Thank You.

[[ hopiakuta | [[ [[%c2%a1]] [[%c2%bf]] [[ %7e%7e%7e%7e ]] -]] 23:23, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Are you sure that "Alta, California" is different from "Alta_Sierra, California"? I can't find any reference to plain old "Alta". -Will Beback · † · 21:13, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Please do input "95715" into:

{ < http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/welcome.jsp >,

< http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/zcl_0_results.jsp >,

< http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/zcl_3_results.jsp >,

usps,

not < http://usps.org/newpublic2/index.html > }

< http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown_zip.jsp >,

for:

EMIGRANT GAP, CA

Acceptable City names in 95715

ALTA, CA

Not Acceptable

BLUE CANYON, CA

The results of 95701 are:

Actual City name in 95701   (PO BOX)

ALTA, CA

< http://areacodes.cc/index/530.html >;

< http://zipcodes.cc/zip.php?action=ZIP&keyword=95701 >:

 * 95701 is the Official Zip Code of Alta, CA
 * California
 * Alta has a population of 732
 * Housing Units = 361
 * Land Area = 15.503202 Sq. Miles
 * Water Area = 0.023331 Sq. Miles
 * Latitude = 39.217668
 * Longitude = -120.783461
 * <<< Click on Map to Zoom in to your area

 * Alta Weather
 * 1

< http://zipcodes.cc/zip.php?action=ZIP&keyword=95715 >:

 * 95715 is the Official Zip Code of Emigrant Gap, CA
 * California
 * Emigrant Gap has a population of 180
 * Housing Units = 138
 * Land Area = 14.402368 Sq. Miles
 * Water Area = 0.048252 Sq. Miles
 * Latitude = 39.277658
 * Longitude = -120.706702

[[ hopiakuta | [[ [[%c2%a1]] [[%c2%bf]] [[ %7e%7e%7e%7e ]] -]] 02:01, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Great. Why don't you do the honors? -Will Beback · † · 09:09, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

Land grants
I started making a list, by searching "California land grant". I quit when I found this subsection. Someone may want to include in the table at least all those ranchos with their own Wikipedfia pages. (Wetman 04:12, 10 May 2007 (UTC)):
 * Rancho Los Feliz
 * Rancho Rincon de Los Esteros
 * Rancho San Antonio, Rancho San Antonio (Lugo grant)
 * Rancho San Pedro
 * Rancho Santa Margarita
 * etc...

Lands under Mexican rule
The article goes from "1 Lands under Spanish rule" to "2 Mexican-American War" but in between those should be "Lands under Mexican rule". This is something that should be added.Emargie (talk) 00:31, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

Flags that have passed over California
I'm wondering if this section might benefit from some additions. For example, according to Flag of California:

"In 1836, Juan Alvarado and Isaac Graham led a revolution against Mexican rule. During this first revolt, rebels were able to capture Monterey and declared California 'a free and sovereign state'. Although their rebellion failed to secure independence for California, it inspired the design of the flag of the Bear Flag Revolt. The Lone Star Flag of California contained a single red star on a white background."

Check out the pdf reference too. There are even more flags listed there as well that aren't on the page. Thoughts?

sallison (talk) 17:02, 24 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Yes, the Diputación—the Legislature of California—formally declared independence from Mexico as an independent country in 1836.

 * This was recognized in the capital of Monterey, and also in Santa Barbara and Los Angeles. This happened the same year that Texas declared independence, too, so this was serious business.  The Mexican government left.  However, Carlos Carrillo wanted to be governor, and set up his own government in Los Angeles.  This made government difficult, so Alvarado petitioned Mexico to be admitted not as a Territory (which it had been since 1822), but as a "free and sovereign state" under the Constitution of 1824, which was technically still the law of the land south of the USA.   Wyeson  08:49, 31 December 2015 (UTC)

flags that have flown over California
If the Russian America Company is there, so should the Hudson`s Bay Company be, no - because of Yerba Buena? Also, the "colonial administrator" title is wrong; the "Governor" of Russian America's real title was "Chief Manager"....I'm not sure what Kuskov's title in Russian was but I'm thinking the "administrator" in his wiki-article probably could also be just put "Manager". There was no formally disputed sovereignty, also, more like the RAC avoided the issue and the diplomats avoided it too....Russia had no formal legal claim, by its own ukase, south of 54-40, or before that to 51 and as low as 43-50....never past 42; Spain would not have stood for it especially after the Nootka Conventions.....nor would the US or UK; Russian incursions south of Vancouver Island were not on the table; the fuzziness of some of this in the article is natural; but the supposition that Russian America was a colony is very wrong, also that there were any claims formally, other than be pretense of the fort's administrators, that Fort Ross was on Russian soil; re Russian America it was considered not a colony but an integral part of the Russian Empire, not governed with a governor like a guberniya but under the special ukase of 1799 which established its terms of reference and its political/corporate structure and regulations governing same. In practical terms Fort Ross was a colony, but not by definition or de jure.Skookum1 (talk) 15:07, 14 November 2014 (UTC)
 * The HBC ran a depot/trading house for several years within the Yerba Buena settlement. I wouldn't consider that the same as the Russian colony. Voltaire's Vaquero (talk) 02:00, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
 * The HBC were more circumspect about their status in New Spain/Mexico than the Russians did with their quasi-sovereignty that they sidestepped whenever Spanish/Mexican officials came by....but their status as foreign trading companies was the same; and the settlement, as i recall, grew up around the HBC post, not the other way around....and the HBC flag flew over it.Skookum1 (talk) 03:49, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
 * A simple consultation of a book found through Google dispels the notion that the British founded YB. As their store was in operation for less than a decade I do not find it significant enough to warrant adding the HBC flag to the section. link Voltaire's Vaquero (talk) 09:28, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
 * OK, I guess I'm thinking more on the lines of the HBC's penetration of the upper part of the state, though I recall also that t hey made a point of not establishing posts so as to not offend Spain/Mexico....they did trap and camp in what are now the northern counties of California, but didn't "fly the flag" over any established post there.Skookum1 (talk) 10:28, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

Extent of Spanish and Mexican control over Alta California
Disputing "Neither Spain nor Mexico ever colonized the area beyond the southern and central coastal area of present-day California, so they never exerted any effective control beyond Sonoma in the north or the California Coast Ranges in the west." Sonoma is in present-day Northern California. Re: "California Coast Ranges in the west", in stating that their effective control didn't go beyond the California Coastal Ranges in the West, the author is saying that Spain and Mexico exerted control exclusively to the East of the Coastal Ranges. That assertion is false -- possibly a typo or oversight. I do wonder if Spanish or Mexican control extended to the Central Valley of present-day California. That would render the statement about the coastal ranges completely inaccurate. Hu77on (talk) 21:29, 16 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Agree that the wording was confusing. Improvements made. WCCasey (talk) 05:37, 19 March 2017 (UTC)

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Merger discussion: Alta California Territory
I propose merging Alta California Territory with this article. It is rather short, of interest to this page, and can simply be consolidated into a new section. UpdateNerd (talk) 10:04, 20 July 2018 (UTC)

 * Support - per nom. - BilCat (talk) 02:39, 21 July 2018 (UTC)
 * I've made this merge, as it seemed uncontroversial. All the info from Alta California Territory is now incorporated or mentioned on the proper subject page. I didn't comb through the 'See Also' section, so here's some that might be useful for incorporation into other articles. UpdateNerd (talk) 06:11, 21 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Alta California Province (1802–1824; Spanish colonial period)
 * (1822–1848)
 * Las Californias Province (1776–1804; Spanish colonial period)
 * Conquest of California (Mexican–American War in Alta California)
 * Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail
 * California 4th Grade Mission Project
 * Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery
 * Indian Reductions
 * California mission clash of cultures

Dead source link removed
This dead citation link was removed: <"the American Conquest of California" Wilson, John L. Stanford University.> This citation was used in the infobox as the source for an Alta California population figure of 85,000 (no year specified). WCCasey (talk) 07:02, 23 December 2018 (UTC)

Compose–comprise distinction
User:WCCasey reverted my edit. I wrote the following lengthy explanation on his or her user page the next day. He or she deleted my entry with no comment whatsoever. I have retrieved it and pasted it below.

I know that this is a nuance that many people don't understand, and also that these words have come to be used interchangeably by many writers and speakers. It was only about six years ago that I came to understand this myself, though I've been a professional editor for longer. Comprise essentially means "include" or "contain" or "consist of," usually meaning that the listed elements are the entirety of the whole. Example: The United States comprises 50 states. INCORRECT: The 50 states comprise the U.S. The states compose the country; the country comprises the states. Compose (which most people understand better) means "make up" or "be an element of": The parts compose the whole; the whole is composed of the parts.

The whole comprises the parts. The parts compose the whole.

In the article, "Most of the areas formerly composing Alta California . . ." is correct because the areas are the parts of Alta California; clearly, the areas (small portions of Alta California) do not contain Alta California; rather, Alta California contains or includes them. So, Alta California comprises the areas, and the areas compose (make up, are elements of) Alta California.

Here are some good explanations:
 * https://www.dictionary.com/e/comprise-vs-compose/
 * https://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/comprise-versus-compose
 * https://grammarist.com/usage/compose-comprise/

See [|Alta Alta California page revision]. Holy (talk) 22:07, 3 December 2019 (UTC) Holy (talk) 19:20, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

 * I disagree with User:Holy on how to use the two words, but we could avoid confusion about both words by changing the sentence to something like "Previously, the province of The Californias (Las Californias) included areas that became two separate provinces in 1804: Alta California and the Baja California peninsula." WCCasey (talk) 22:20, 5 December 2019 (UTC)
 * p.s. Here's another discussion of the difference between comprise and compose:  WCCasey (talk) 22:36, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

Republic of Texas flag?
Parts of Alta California (extending into what is now Colorado and Wyoming) overlapped with the "stovepipe" claimed by the Republic of Texas; i.e., the land extending from the headwaters of both the Arkansas River and the Rio Grande toward 42° North.

Ought the article to mention that? Pine (talk) 19:50, 1 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alta California