text:
Talk:Yellowstone River

Entire River
The map pictured doesn't show the ENTIRE Yellowstone River; I think that should be noted.

Longest Undammed River
I'm pretty sure that the Yellowstone River is the longest undammed river in the lower 48, but the Salmon River (Idaho) claims this as well. It seems like 1/2 the Google results show the Salmon, and half show the Yellowstone. Nationalparks 05:05, 13 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Now the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area claims the Delaware River as the longest undammed. Nationalparks 19:24, 7 August 2006 (UTC)
 * There is a fairly large dam on the Yellowstone River located near Glendive, Montana that probably diqualifies the Yellowstone from the "Longest Undammed River" competition. The "Yellowstone Diversion Dam" blocks all upstream fish migration and diverts a substantial amount of the river for irrigation. Idaho usually claims the Salmon River as the "longest undammed river" and the "longest river entirely within one state," I don't think the Delaware is even in the top 20. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 161.55.220.32 (talk • contribs)

More Info?
In most of these river articles I am easily able to find info about the river's head/source and it's mouth. I was unable to find that information in this article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.230.45.199 (talk) 16:22, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

Down with salmocentrism
Beleive it or not, the high value fisheries of the Yellowstone River extend well below Big Timber. The Yellowstone transitions to a warm water fishery with high biological integrity. See White, R. G., and R. G. Bramblett. 1993. The Yellowstone River: its fish and fisheries. Pages 396-414 in L. W. Hesse, C. B. Stalnaker, N. G. Benson, and J. R. Zuboy, editors. Restoration planning for the rivers of the Mississippi River ecosystem. Biological Report 19, National Biological Survey, Washington, D.C. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lara Avara (talk • contribs) 21:38, 13 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think Salmocentrism is in play here. Just a lack of references on the warmwater sections of the river. Feel free to expand the article.--Mike Cline (talk) 22:26, 13 May 2008 (UTC)

Travelogue in Angling the Yellowstone
The section Angling the Yellowstone reads like a travelogue or guide book. Examples: Extensive use of second person phrasing (ex: "but if you like to hike a bit, there are many good spots where you can get away from the crowds"); comparatives and evaluations (ex: "This is some terrific fishing at times"). The section would benefit from a rewrite and condensation. A More Perfect Onion (talk) 16:03, 15 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Follow-up: The section appears to be a close copy of the relevant parts of the article Angling in Yellowstone National Park.  Perhaps the section can be heavily condensed, and refer to the more focused article. A More Perfect Onion (talk) 16:25, 15 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Comment - The Yellowstone river is significantly more encompassing than Yellowstone National Park. The Angling in Yellowstone National Park article duplicates only a fraction of the available angling on the Yellowstone River which runs to the North Dakota border.  There is no doubt that the verbage of this section could be improved, but it really needs expansion (not condensing) to include river sections all the way to the North Dakota border.--Mike Cline (talk) 12:29, 16 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Would a new article, perhaps Angling on the Yellowstone River, be appropriate? As the river is so long and undammed, there may be enough information for a standalone article focused on fishing along the river. A More Perfect Onion (talk) 12:49, 16 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I would agree with and support an expanded new article. Just have to find time and energy to get it done--Mike Cline (talk) 17:43, 16 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. A More Perfect Onion (talk) 20:11, 16 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I did a bit of copy edit on the fishing sections - please let me know if I ended up cutting out too much. I agree that the sections should be expanded to North Dakota, and I don't think a separate article is really necessary here - the current article is only 20k long, and lets face  it, the Yellowstone is one of the great trout streams of the world - it is to trout what some of the other rivers are to navigation or irrigation. CosmicPenguin (Talk) 17:08, 12 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I'll look it over, some time between now and the deadline. --A More Perfect Onion (talk) 17:12, 12 December 2008 (UTC)

Custer's rank at the Little Big Horn
i believe that at the battle of the Little Big Horn, George Custer was a Lt. Colonel in the 7th Cavalry; and not, as written, a general. He had been brevetted general several times, but was not one at the time of the battle. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Rmiller3 (talk • contribs) 15:22, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

2011 spill ref
http://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/6535880  Bananasoldier  (talk) 02:25, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

Fisheries
Description of fisheries, beyond flyfishing and scant mention of species such as pallid sturgeon does no justice to the diversity and richness of fishes in the Yellowstone River. I am preparing a section addressing all species present, describing their origin (native or nonnative), distribution, and conservation status. I'm not sure how to link each species to a wikipedia article on each, so I hope someone will help me with this. I am a fisheries biologist working on the Yellowstone River, so my credentials are sound. By the way, according to the American Fisheries Society names for fishes, the common name for Prosopium williamsoni is mountain whitefish, not Rocky Mountain whitefish. I made this change. — Preceding unsigned comment added by YCTbiologist (talk • contribs) 17:52, 22 October 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Yellowstone River


text:
Talk:Saybrook College

Shouldn't university-affiliated colleges be named with their parent organisation (like King's College, Cambridge)? I know that the Yale college system is different to the Oxbridge one but shouldn't there still be a distinction between independent and subordinate units?

I guess there's nothing wrong with Saybrook College becuase there's no other Saybrook College on Wikipedia at the moment. This is just my opinion btw, any ideas anyone?

DiamondVertex 05:45, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Even if it were a different page, "Saybrook College" would still redirect, so there would be no point. CoolGuy 01:24, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Merge
Do not merge - The Saybrook College Orchestra has nothing to do with Saybrook College other than the name. CoolGuy 07:41, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Absolutely agree on that one. Motorneuron 17:18, 1 February 2006 (UTC)motorneuron

Griffindor Connection
Can we remove the claim that some students believe Saybrook most resembles Griffindor? I'm looking for some agreement before I remove it entirely. --Dustingc 16:27, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

I'll go ahead and remove it. If there are some specific aspects of Saybrook that line up closely with described (in the books) or shown (in the movies) aspects of Griffindor, then that still probably wouldn't be worthy of inclusion! Msheskin 19:09, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

Notable Alumni
Could someone please add Victor K. Kiam, class of '47N (and with his own wikipedia page), to the list of notable alumni? I'd do it myself if I knew how to get the links right. DMTate (talk) 16:26, 18 August 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Undiscussed move of residential college articles
Bill Grant has moved the pages for each of the 14 Yale College residential colleges to new pages, each named " [ College Name ], Yale". He has done so apparently without discussion—at least without discussion on the Talk pages of Residential colleges of Yale University, Yale College, Yale University, or Ezra Stiles College. I don't think these moves are necessary, nor that "College Name, Yale" would necessarily be the best name if they were. So I've reverted the move, pending discussion at Residential colleges of Yale University. PRRfan (talk) 14:37, 8 November 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Saybrook College


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/EMD E2

EMD E2 was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP

An article in true, er, "trainspotter" style about a kind of locomotive of which only six were ever built (we don't learn where, or by whom) and of which none have survived. As a one-time devotee of Thomas the Tank Engine it pains me to say this, but I don't see that this locomotive is distinguishable other than cosmetically from others. If it's notable (which I am willing to believe), its notability is not explained in any way that I can understand. This appears to be one of a small number of articles already written in what's proposed as a ginormous set of such articles. Nothing wrong with any of this, but as long as the notability isn't presented in any way likely to make sense to those who aren't already devotees, it belongs on a rail-specific Wiki or other site. -- Hoary 05:46, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC) ''Request withdrawn. See my second follow-up message ("Your project sounds admirable....")'' -- Hoary 05:00, 2004 Dec 20 (UTC)

 * PS a clarification: I'd certainly agree that information on locomotives, even detailed information that is not necessarily easy to understand for the newcomer, is encyclopedic. But there's a difference between an encyclopedia and a fan database. Initiating a large set of articles on individual locomotives looks to me like a move toward the latter. -- Hoary 06:56, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)
 * Even if one assumes the truth of that, it looks like we've already decided to include "fan database" type stuff, for example Pokemon. --SPUI 07:19, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * “Wikipedia’s goal is to create …the largest encyclopedia in history, both in terms of breadth and depth.” EMD E2 is part of WikiProject_ Trains. “This WikiProject aims primarily to improve the coverage of trains and all things railway/railroad in Wikipedia”. As such, I envisioned a series of articles documenting the progression of railroad technology over the decades. Some would be detailed, such as EMD E2, and some would tie together all the detailed articles, such as the yet unwritten EMD E-units article.

 * One comment is that “we don’t learn where, or by whom” the locomotives were built. I should have been more explicit. The General Motors Electro-Motive Division built these locomotives. This division is known by its initials EMD, and that’s why we put “EMD” in the article title. These locomotives were built in LaGrange, Illinois, USA, but I thought that was too much detail. I can put it in, if you want. Or I can put it in the EMD E-units article when it’s written. Differences between this and other passenger locomotives involved more than cosmetics. The horsepower ratings were different. The brake systems also differed. But I thought including the brake system data would be too detailed. Again, comparing the detailed articles would show the progression of technology. The progression would be stated explicitly in the summary articles.

 * This article, and the others like it in WikiProject_Trains will appeal to railfans. I don’t see too many railfans on Wikipedia, yet. But if we provide content, they will come. They would provide a huge user base.

 * This is a project in progress. We are willing to listen to criticism. But given the goal of Wikipedia, I don't see that deletion is the answer. Improvement is the answer. Rmeier 07:45, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Your project sounds admirable. Sorry if I jumped too quickly to the wrong inference from the article, viz: "X is important; there are Y named variants of X; ergo we must have Y articles." (I'm appalled to see that yes, this does seem to be the approach to video games, cars, Pokémon moppets, Nikon lenses, and miscellaneous other teen and preteen obsessions.) I certainly agree that rail and locomotives are important (and interesting) and deserve to be covered in detail. OK then, I hereby apply to withdraw my request for Vfd and hope that there's no (or not too much) bad feeling. -- Hoary 08:44, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

 * Keep: DCEdwards1966 06:23, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, possibly merge with other future articles about similar locomotives. General Motors Electro-Motive Division made the engine (see the table at the bottom). Though I am interested in railroads, I couldn't give a shit about the trains, but info like this is encyclopedic and belongs here. --SPUI 06:38, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep Rmeier 07:45, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I think the problem with articles like this (and it's a common problem with such articles) is that it's easy to put down the dry technical statistics about a piece of machinery, but much harder to write about that device's place in the world, its importance in history, its importance in its field, etc.  Especially since, writing in NPOV, we generally have to attribute qualitative statements to someone else rather than making them ourselves.  So such articles often start out being rather bare, and rather useless to anyone in that for the knowledgable fan, nothing notable is said, and for the layman, nothing is explained.  However, the article is then up and ready to be improved with the standard Wiki process.  On the subject of railroad locomotives, one should be aware that whole books have been written about single classes of railroad locomotive, so there's generally plenty of scope for an article ... —Morven 09:02, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's worth noting that the article has been somewhat improved from the original version, of course. —Morven 22:25, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. No way should we delete the sought article of a legitimate and factual WikiProject. Samaritan 09:11, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Thius is a legitimate and appropriate article under WikiProject Trains. Vaoverland 09:36, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. We are trying to add information to cover all aspects of railroad technology and history.  I see very little difference in the type of information presented here as in the articles in Category:Aircraft such as Aero Boero 260AG; EMD E2 has much more descriptive text than the aircraft article noted here, and as others have stated, EMD E2 is part of WikiProject Trains.
 * keep obviously. Dunc|☺ 15:58, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, delightful and notable. Wyss 19:00, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - Andre Engels 22:23, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * keep Yuckfoo 04:46, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * To an author of three railroad-related articles, specifically Wigwag, Orange Empire Railway Museum and GE U25B, this is a holy mother of keep. - Lucky 6.9 21:49, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I am not a train enthusiast, but even I have heard of the two trains pictured in the article. Keep.  Edeans 05:35, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Is it ironic that I wouldn't have known Wikipedia had this wonderful set of articles under construction were it not for this Vfd? — DV 13:57, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment I would like to think that this and many other articles in Wikiproject Trains will especially appeal to younger readers and stimulate learning and more reading through Wikipedia. Now, I will go play with my electric train around a holiday tree, as I first did in 1957. Happy Holidays to all! Vaoverland 17:59, Dec 24, 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/EMD E2


text:
Category:Flags of Canada

__NOGALLERY__

The Maple Leaf flag is Canada's national flag. Each Canadian province and territory also has its own flags and other symbols.

All but three of Canada's provincial and territorial flags are a banner of the province's arms or feature the arms. The exceptions are Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nunavut.

title: Category:Flags of Canada


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vladimir Golosiy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Postdlf 23:14, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

Vladimir Golosiy
Vanity/nonsense fataltourist 05:47, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: This was apparently either never listed on vfd or removed out of process, so I'm bringing it to today's page for resolution. —Korath (Talk) 15:30, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nonsense. Grue 18:01, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This reads like nonsense to me. Average Earthman 19:56, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 06:55, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, reads like nonsense as said above. Goodness, use paragraphs once in a while! Master Thief Garrett 03:16, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - vanity, not notableTobycat 06:13, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Category:Residential colleges of Yale University

Residential colleges of Yale University. Yale runs a system of dependent residential colleges for undergraduates enrolled in Yale College modeled after the Oxbridge system, but modified in that students are educated by the greater university and eat and live with their residential college.


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for arbitration/Ciz

Worth considering as part of the decision?
I came across this post recently. I think its a good comment and may be worth affirming in some form in the arbiters decision, insofar as (1) it will doubtless arise again and will be good to have as a principle, and (2) part of Ciz' personal attacks and activities involved exactly this:

 * "Since when do we do FBI background checks on Wikipedians? If you have a complaint about [any person's] behavior and judgement [], make it. If you don't, then what does this have to do with anything? Obviously, I'm butting into a conversation that doesn't directly concern me. But, as a Wikipedian, the principle does concern me. And I will extremely vigorously oppose any witchunt based on somebody's history, actions, or beliefs outside of Wikipedia."

 * (Link available for crediting this to author if required) FT2 05:51, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * So, first you want me to back up my claims with evidence and now you don't?

 * And I'd like to see this post in context; was the stuff being found relevant to the debated topic, or was someone just trying to make the other person look bad with something non-related involving him? --Ciz 19:24, 4 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * (It wasn't related to this topic) FT2 04:12, Jan 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * So its different then. --Ciz 12:08, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Prevention from editing Zoophilia
I would like to ask for the following wording within this proposed decision:
 * ...prevented indefinitely from editing zoophilia or furry related articles, including their talk pages ... or making any edits related to these subjects in other pages.

My reason being, Ciz' advocacy against bestiality and POV edits against zoophilia and furry has taken place in various articles, not just "closely related" articles, and this will prevent similar POV editing elsewhere in future. Homosexuality in animals is not a "closely" related article to Zoophilia, but Ciz edited it to suit his POV, and that edit was motivated by its mention of inter-species sex in animals and to discredit information relating to unusual animal sexuality. Similarly, FinalGamer's talk page is not "related" or even an "article", but it was used to attack the same subject there, and Sonic the Hedgehog is arguably not a "furry" page. However what is not in doubt in each case, is that the edit by Ciz was related to furry, bestiality or zoophilia. FT2 08:42, Jan 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * If the subject of a debate relates to a furry issue, then it is covered by the intent of the order. --mav 04:10, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Arbcom clarification request
Although previous cases are not binding, it would be appreciated if the Arbcom would reconcile the proposed decision they are currently drafting, with principles from other cases currently or recently heard.

I would have thought a significant ban would be appropriate beyond mere removal from this one topic, bearing in mind the sheer virulence and persistence of attack, the level and number of complaints received, the evidenced tolerance of editors, the scale of policy breaches persistently evidenced, that in addition to "Zoophilia", at least one article Adolph Hitler and one editors personal talk page FinalGamer has also been attacked, and that not one but several other editors have been directly attacked with accusations of having sex with animals, or advocating having sex with animals.

For these reasons, some reconsideration of the proposed decisions being drafted, would be helpful.

Requests_for_arbitration/CheeseDreams/Proposed_decision (Current)

 * "Wikipedia users are required to avoid personal attacks."
 * This should be stronger, however. Change "expected" to "required"?
 * I'm with James — we ban people for personal attacks
 * Required
 * "Wikipedia editors may not revert an article more than three times in a 24 hour period"
 * "Users who modify other user's edits of arbitration pages, inserting peripheral material, and especially deleting them or portions of them will be heavily penalized."
 * Not just Arbitartion pages, either.

Requests_for_arbitration/Kenneth_Alan/Proposed_decision (Oct 2004)

 * "User Kenneth Alan appears to be unable to conform his behavior to a number of Wikipedia policies, including avoiding personal attacks, avoiding inserting original research into articles, avoiding systemic point of view violations and avoiding violations of Wikipedia etiquette."
 * ...It is obvious, though, that Kenneth's attacks have been widespread and frequently personal. The other violations ... are likewise widespread in spite of frequent warnings.
 * "Due to User Kenneth Alan's demonstrated inablility to conform to Wikipedia policies he is banned for one year."
 * I would support a longer ban.
 * Perhaps a little harsh, but not hugely so.
 * I am hesitant to jump immediately to such a long ban, but Kenneth's behavior is egregious enough to warrant serious consequences. I would support a ban of 1-3 months without hesitation ... I reviewed the evidence again and considered the damage done by Kenneth and the vitriol with which he has attacked some editors. Honestly, the more I looked at it, the more I recalled Plautus Satire, whose behavior warranted, as I recall, a 1 year ban. Kenneth deserves the same.
 * I agree wholeheartedly with James' (Jw..g) assessment.

Requests_for_arbitration/RK (Oct 2004)

In which RK was aggressively POV warring, using Wikipedia for advocacy and engaging in serious personal attacks on editors in one article, and yet produced work of good quality in other articles or under other names. (This parallels the statement that Ciz may have produced good work outside Zoophilia using another account)

 * "RK has repeatedly, over the course of his long presence here, made a very great number of personal attacks, despite numerous warnings to the contrary."
 * "RK has repeatedly and to great degree violated NPOV, inserting POV statements into a variety of articles primarily connected with Judaism and Zionism, including intransigent reverting and edit-warring."
 * "Some of RK's work outside of the field of Judaism, most notably in genetics, has been of a high quality."
 * Decision:
 * RK is banned from editing the Wikipedia for a period of four months.
 * RK is banned from editing articles directly or indirectly related to Judaism for one year. Determing what is directly or indirectly related shall be left to the discretion of the admins. (And as is true of all arbcom bans, each time he violates this, the count shall be reset back to one year)
 * RK is encouraged to return after the end of his ban to contribute to areas other than Judaism.

FT2 15:25, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * So you're comparing anti-semetism to being against bestiality?? --Ciz 18:32, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Recap of personal attacks
The following recap of personal attacks alone, is culled from the /Evidence page (and fully itemised there):

 * 1) FOo:
 * 2) You're the child who believes its ok to sexually assault animals.
 * 3) You furtively support it.
 * 4) PMC:
 * 5) People like you defending it
 * 6) Its people like you...
 * 7) FinalGamer:
 * 8) You make me want to vomit
 * 9) Sicko
 * 10) He believes a sexual relationship with an animal is ok as long as its consensual [User talk page]
 * 11) Schneelocke:
 * 12) If someone fervently defends bestiality (like Schnee has)... [Straw man]
 * 13) I can safely assume he does [have sex with animals]
 * 14) People like Schnee are furry zoophiles
 * 15) Who advocate sex with animals (Schnee does, at least) [Straw man]
 * 16) Most of us agree that its animal abuse? Schnee doesnt [Straw man]
 * 17) FT2:
 * 18) I bet you have sex with your pets, huh?
 * 19) It doesnt mean they want to have sex with you, you sicko. [Straw man]
 * 20) He said thats its ok to have sex with dogs because they hump your leg [Straw man]
 * 21) Sicko
 * 22) Steele:
 * 23) You're just an activist because animals arouse you
 * 24) You dont have the right to have sex with animals, yet that doesnt stop you
 * 25) You're just trying to justify your molestation of animals
 * 26) You rape animals
 * 27) [Animals are] sex objects for people like you
 * 28) A fringe few wackos like you dont because you want to have sex with them.
 * 29) I bet you all have mass orgies
 * 30) Someone who cant control his abusive sexual urges
 * 31) You cant do it to a dog either, yet that doesnt stop you

In addition there are at least another 20 evidenced instances of modifying others' RFC statements, ArbCom evidence, ArbCom statement of complaint, selectively deleting other editors' talk page comments, as well as numerous evidenced vandalisms.

FT2 06:00, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * As usual, FT2 is much, much better at summing up our thoughts and providing evidence, links to other cases and so on than I am. That being said, I agree fully with him: while banning Ciz from editing Zoophilia will solve the immediate problem of him vandalising that article, I think there also should be some form of punishment in order to make it clear to him and others that behaviour like this is not accepted on Wikipedia. For that, I'd propose a medium-term ban from making any edits whatsoever to Wikipedia (maybe in the 3 to 6 months range); Ciz has shown that he does not have any respect for Wikipedia's principles and values and for other editors, and I think an actual general (limited-time) ban would be not only justified but also appropriate. For that matter, whether the arbitration committee agrees with the previous or not, I'd also like to propose that any and all other usernames that Ciz is using be made public in order to make it possible to spot edits made by him (to Zoophilia) even when he is not using his "Ciz" account. -- Schnee (cheeks clone) 15:30, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * He has made many good edits with his other account. Thus we are not throwing the book at him this time. --mav 04:15, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Involved parties

Sockpuppets previously confirmed by ArbCom members:

Confirmation that all parties are aware of the request
Yes

Confirmation that other steps in dispute resolution have been tried
Yes - see statement below.

First time round, RfC and RFM were tried initially, the matter then went to RFArb. Second time round (Nov 2005) he was given a chance to walk away and save face. 2 weeks later (this week) he recommenced the same activities on other articles and was only noticed doing so by chance.

Statement by FT2

 * (1) OCT - DEC 2004: DrBat initial activity under the sockpuppet "Ciz", and ArbCom ruling

Following an intense POV war campaign on the Zoophilia article and Furry, ArbCom issued an indefinite ban on DrBat (under any name) editing on the subject. His warfare included libellous and vicious personal attacks on any NPOV editors, and complete disregard for every policy related to NPOV and NPA, to the extent that almost every post he made in a 3 month period Oct - Dec 2004 was a documented breach of some (usually significant) Wikipedia policy, including vandalism of ArbCom related matters when the subject was raised there, and the Adolph Hilter article. Requests for arbitration/Ciz

After RfC and RfM, some 10 editors supported ArbCom referral, 8 of them requesting a wikipedia-wide ban on the basis he would probably not be able to resist continuing POV warfare on other articles that caught his attention this way. ArbCom ruled (Jan 10 2005) as follows:
 * Ciz has engaged in controversial edits of Zoophilia against consensus. (8-0)
 * Ciz has engaged in personal attacks on editors of Zoophilia. (8-0)
 * Ciz has made no civil attempt to discuss changes with Zoophilia with editors there. (6-0)
 * Ciz edits under another account, DrBat, that he does not wish associated with zoophilia topics. This does not in itself constitute creating a sock puppet for an abusive purpose. (8-0)
 * DrBat is an upstanding member of the community, and has made numerous legitimate contributions. (6-0)
 * Ciz (using whatever account or IP address) is prevented indefinitely from editing Zoophilia and its closely related articles, including their talk pages.
 * "He has made many good edits with his other account. Thus we are not throwing the book at him this time" [Emphasis in original, ArbCom talk]

Ciz ceased editing Zoophilia at that point.

 * (2) NOV 2005: Ciz returns to POV warfare on Zoophilia under another sockpuppet

On Nov 21 2005 a request "out of the blue" was filed to move the "zoophilia" article to "bestiality", followed by a resumption of the POV warring before. There was no prior talk page discussion attempted.

I asked user:Kelly Martin to check whether ShadowH was a sockpuppet of DrBat, which seemed likely. She confirmed that "DrBat and ShadowH are the same person, with a very high degree of certainty" This was the second sock-puppet created specifically for a procedurally abusive purpose.

DrBat's first actions under the "ShadowH" name were 1/ edit an article referencing zoophilia to replace it by "bestiality", 2/ to post a Requested Move to "bestiality" , 3/ repost his old allegations that the term "zoophile" is POV and that zoophiles "rape" animals and are like pedophiles     (all similar to previous approaches)

In the course of only 6 posts to Talk:Zoophilia DrBat had already shown his intent to continue his previous documented approach from 2004, including:
 * An attempt to abuse process (previously he had abused VfD and other processes, this time requested moves)
 * Unsourced statements ("More people associate...", "Many view..." )
 * Weasels ("Some could argue..." )
 * Personal view as basis for editing ("I find it offensive...", "To associate a group of people enslaved and persecuted for hundreds of years, to a group of people who are unpopular for raping animals, is deeply offensive to me" )
 * Straw men (A comment that many groups, such as Black Americans, find certain terms POV, was replied by DrBat: "As an African American, I find it offensive to be compared to bestiality" (there was no comparison of people or groups, but only of their views on perceived POV terminology) . A careful re-explanation of this  was completely ignored (as in 2004) and replied to with: "So you're comparing the persecution of African Americans to people who believe having sex with animals is abuse" )
 * "Zoophilia is equivalent to pedophilia" ("And I am sure pedophiles find the term pedophlia insulting and would prefer something more npov such as boylove instead?" . In fact the article uses the term zoophilia for the same reason as pedophilia; both are the appropriate clinical terms)

After confirmation by Kelly Martin that ShadowH was a sockpuppet of DrBat, I considered how to handle it. Wikipedia philosophy/ArbCom precedent does not believe a person incapable of change, even Willie on Wheels, and in its previous decision ArbCom imposed a minimum ruling to prevent DrBat vandalizing on the subject of zoophilia, despite his heavy POV warfare and personal attacks. I felt the spirit of Wikipedia would be better served if he would simply leave the article and subject of his own accord. So instead of escalation, I simply posted a note on the talk page to ShadowH on Nov 23 saying I suspected he was DrBat and to either state he was not, or cease editing on the subject matter. ShadowH ceased editing Zoophilia the same day.

I was satisfied that a situation had been defuzed the simplest way. Explanation to Kelly Martin why I was not approaching AER or RFArb *this time*, Post to "ShadowH" on article talk page , posts archived in Talk:Zoophilia/Archive15.

 * (3) DEC 2005: DrBat recommences deletion and POV change of zoophilia references in other articles

Just two weeks after the above, on Dec 5, DrBat began POV warring on zoophilia yet again, this time in other articles. He edited without consensus the South Park article "recurring themes" section, to delete the fully sourced and cited section discussing zoophilia as a recurrent theme. . This is in addition to his edit of Savage Love on Nov 9 as ShadowH changing "zoophilia" to "bestiality" (c.f. text of his Requested Move).

 * (4) UPDATE

...And deletes again the cited South Park section, after reading and responding to this RFArb, again without consensus.

 * (5) Fairness and neutrality:

When not editing on the subject of zoophilia and furry, DrBat makes valuable contributions to many other articles.

 * SUMMARY:

AER doesn't seem relevant as DrBat is a habitual sockpuppet user, and it was only by chance his POV activites of December were noticed, since they affected another article. He has now vandalised or POV edited 4 or 5 (rather than just 1 or 2) other articles in total, as well as the zoophilia and other furry articles. It seems a decision on handling is needed, not just enforcement of an existing ruling.

His 2004 warfare was given a second chance by ArbCom, by removing him from the one subject only ("Thus we are not throwing the book at him this time"). His November 2005 actions through another sock-puppet in breach of the ArbCom ruling, were given a second chance by myself, to walk away without escalation and save face. Having been given a chance so recently, I feel that in continuing to vandalize other articles this way, DrBat has now reached the point that I have to pass this one back to ArbCom to decide how to handle it.

FT2 13:50, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Updated ruling - exact nature of request:

The problem is that the previous ruling only refered to a ban on editing "zoophilia and its closely related articles" and not a ban on "edits related to zoophilia or animal sexuality in general". As it stands, it is hard to argue (for example) that South Park is a "closely related article" to the zoophilia article, although his section deletion is clearly due to a similar motive. Nor is Savage Love "closely related", although his edit is clearly from the same motive. So there is doubt whether the previous ruling applies to these edits, even though there is obviously a common cause. He has also previously taken this POV agenda to WP:AFD and other articles such as Non-human animal sexuality in the past.

So this does little to reflect that he is editing the identical arguments into other non-closely related articles, whose editors are probably unaware of his history, and that this is repeatedly done through sock-puppets. The previous ruling stated "for now", implying review if needed, and as it stands does not effectively prevent these kinds of edits. Hence the request for review of the previous ruling, to request a wider scope of prohibition or other action in light of recent events:

 * Scope of ban:
 * Old - "...prevented indefinitely from editing Zoophilia and its closely related articles, including their talk pages."
 * Requested new - "...prevented indefinitely from editing Zoophilia and its closely-related articles, or any editing related to the subjects of zoophilia, bestiality, animal sexuality, human-animal relationships, and related subjects in any article, including their talk pages."
 * Effect - prevents posting POV edits or terminology changes on the subject (or closely-related subjects) to other unrelated articles. [Note that DrBat uses word-play a lot, hence a list of the exact subjects is given.]

 * Enforcement powers:
 * Old - "...any changes made may be reverted by any editor and any administrator may, at his/her discretion, block [DrBat] for up to 24 hours."
 * Requested new - "...any changes made may be reverted by any editor and any administrator may, at his/her discretion, block DrBat (under whatever name he may be using) for increasing periods of up to [maximum time] upon repeated non-compliance."
 * Effect - appropriate useful enforcement powers given continuing POV warfare. (A maximum ban limit for repeated violation of 2 months is requested, as a balance between "getting the message across" and not inhibiting future positive contributions.)

With a change of this kind, it is then possible to enforce action against the above type of edits. At present it is not. FT2 12:42, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Statement by DrBat
1)The request was to move zoophilia to bestiality, which most people associate the term with. No changes to the article were made, and it was put to a vote. 2)South Park does not have bestiality as a recurring theme, and South Park itself is not connected to bestiality. Almost all of the stuff seemed taken out of context. If you asked Trey and Matt, they would probably also say bestiality is not a recurring theme in the show. Furthermore, the question on if it was relevant was put into talk when I removed the bit. No one else has commented on it or reverted it until you came. If actual SP fans didn't feel it was meant to be in the article, and they left it alone, I don't see how it would be vandalism. Do you even watch the show?
 * ''UPDATE
 * ...And deletes again the cited South Park section, after'' reading and responding to this RFArb, again without consensus.
 * The above "2)" still applies. --DrBat 13:28, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

3)On 'Savage Love' the term bestiality was already mentioned and linked at the top of the page. Hence my removal of the link when it was mentioned further down the page in relation to the Santorum controversy.--DrBat 22:34, 9 December 2005 (UTC) 4)"As it stands, it is hard to argue (for example) that South Park is a "closely related article" to the zoophilia article, although his section deletion is clearly due to a similar motive.
 * It is not a recurring theme. None of the other SP editors have a problem with it being taken out(you're the only one who has). A question was put on the talk page asking if anyone thought it was relevant, and no one replied. If it truly was a recurring theme, someone would have protested.

Nor is Savage Love "closely related", although his edit is clearly from the same motive.
 * The term "bestiality" was mentioned earlier in the article (and not put there by me, btw). And its what Savage refers to it as.

'So there is doubt whether the previous ruling applies to these edits, even though there is obviously a common cause. He has also previously taken this POV agenda to WP:AFD and other articles such as Non-human animal sexuality in the past.'
 * POV? All I have posted in that article were facts and quotes (such as the zoo director on the aforementioned liger). I don't think anything I've contributed to that article was irrelevant to the topic, or POV. --DrBat 20:44, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

5) FT2 recently posted this on his talk page : zoophilia - because he has claimed and stated "Zoophilia is like pedophilia, and a POV term bestiality - because he claims bestiality is an accurate term which he is merely correcting.
 * Call it a weasel comment, but it seems that most of the sites I've seen that use the term "zoophilia" as opposed to "bestiality" are sites that support it. Furthermore, most of the articles on wikipedia did use the term "bestiality" before Schneelocke (someone who is in support of it) went on this massive crusade on 9/2/04, changing all the articles that mentioned "bestiality" to "zoophilia".

animal sexuality - because he has views whether animals have this or that sexual outlook, which contradicts certain other authorities evidence and is basically a personal opinion, and he has edited this into other articles or may do so.
 * What did I post on the animal sexuality article that wasnt true? What? A quote from the zoo director on the liger in their zoo isn't relevant now?

''human-animal relationships - because the south park edit was not so much a del;etion of an article on bestiality or zoophilia, but merely a deletion of a section discussing the presence of human-animal relationships as a theme'
 * Except it isn't a theme. Most of those events were taken out of context of the episodes they appeared in, or were misleading in the way they are represented (ie it mentioned the scene where Stan is masturbating to his dog as an example; in the actual episode the younger kids had been tricked by the older kids into thinking it was the same as milking a cow because they didn't know anything about sex; hence the adults thinking they should be taught sexual education earlier than usual. ect ect). When it was removed, no one cared except for you. It was put into the talk page if it should be there; no one cared. Because its not a recurring theme in the show; if it was one of the SP contributors would have done something by now. --DrBat 20:23, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Arbitrators' opinion on hearing this matter (3/1/1/0)

 * Accept for modification of scope and enforcement Fred Bauder 19:53, 11 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Accept if the rest of the Committee feel that it is necessary to formally re-open the case to modify. James F. (talk) 19:03, 12 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Reject — there's no doubt that he's in violation of our previous ban, so use the remedies specified: block him for rapidly lengthening periods ➥the Epopt 06:10, 21 December 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Accept: It has been brought to my attention (thanks, FT2) that our previous ban does not specifically cover this situation, so I'm reversing myself. There is no doubt that he's in violation of our previous ban, so we should summarily provide clear remedies for his flouting of our ruling. ➥the Epopt 22:13, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Reject. Agree with The Epopt Theresa Knott | Taste the Korn 11:01, 21 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Undecided. I don't understand how this fails to fall within the scope of our prior order.  Perhaps this should be brought as a summary motion to expand scope instead of a full hearing? Kelly Martin (talk) 17:46, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

''(I have commented on the above points at the end of the statement, to specify exactly what is sought and why. Note that both scope and enforcement were extremely limited: the previous ruling did not in fact cover "rapidly lengthening periods," for example. It allowed bans of a maximum 24 hours only. Hence as Fred Bauder states, this is a request for enhanced scope and enforcement in light of recent edits. FT2 12:42, 21 December 2005 (UTC))


text:
Talk:Branford College

See Talk:Saybrook College

DiamondVertex 05:51, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Oldest
I thought the residential college system was founded simultaneously for all spaces that existed at the time. CoolGuy 06:11, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

Agreed, especially since the body of the article contradicts the first sentence. Changed. Medusalith Boltagon (talk) 22:38, 16 May 2012 (UTC)

Alumni
Are there no alums famous enough to merit a mention? Most famous I can think of is Richard Bradley, né Blow. Surely there's a real Branford alum celebrity out there somewhere?

The "Trivia"
Why is no source cited for "most-often-photographed"? I don't actually believe that that's true, which makes the whole piece of "Trivia" a bit meaningless. I'm pretty sure Harkness Tower, the tower that is behind the camera in this photo, is the most-photographed part of Branford if not of all of Yale.

title: Talk:Branford College


text:
Proclamation of Timișoara

The Proclamation of Timișoara was a thirteen-point written document, drafted on March 11, 1990, by the Timișoara participants in Romania's 1989 Revolution, and partly issued in reaction to the first Mineriad. Organized as the Timișoara Society and other bodies of students and workers, the signers expressed liberal-democratic goals, which they saw as representing the revolutionary legacy. The best-known requirement formed the document's 8th Point, calling for all former Romanian Communist Party nomenklatura and Securitate cadres to be banned from holding public office for a period of 10 years (or three consecutive legislatures), with an emphasis on the office of President (see Lustration). Questioning the status of the governing National Salvation Front, the Proclamation argued that the latter primarily represented a small group of Communist dissidents who had opposed Nicolae Ceauşescu's authoritarian regime and had subsequently monopolized power. These requirements replicated the earlier manifesto authored in Bucharest by philosopher Gabriel Liiceanu (Apel către lichele, the "Appeal to the Scoundrels").

Over the following period, the document was recognized and advocated by hundreds of civic associations, while almost 4 million citizens signed appeals in favor of incorporating the 8th Point into electoral law. The latter was also one of the main requests of the Bucharest Golaniad (which was violently repressed during the third Mineriad in June of the same year).

Character
In its final shape, the text owed much to the inspiration of George Şerban, a local academic and writer. According to historian Victor Neumann, Șerban was in turn inspired by his collaborator Alexandra Indrieş, an influential intellectual and a former political prisoner during the 1950s. After being written down, the Proclamation was publicly read by Șerban from the National Opera's balcony.

One of the purposes stated in the document was the explicit condemnation of Communism. Proclaiming class solidarity, the text opposed "the typically communist method of domination by spreading feuds among social classes". While expressing the will of "not copy[ing] the western capitalist systems with their drawbacks and inequities", the 10th Point of the Proclamation argued in favor of privatization (expressed ideally under the form of "distributing the stocks equally among the workers, the state keeping only those funds that may ensure the control of the activity") and immediate investments in the public sector (as a means to prevent the consequences of inflation). The 11th Point also made mention of Timișoara's openness to a market economy, decentralization, and foreign capital, proposing for a foreign trade bank to be opened in the city. The text also expressed a hope that members of the Romanian diaspora who had left the country under the Communist regime were to return to their homeland and contribute to the society, and set itself against the portion of the public "who, instigated by obscure forces, abused the returned exiles".

A similar call for solidarity was expressed in regard to ethnic relations (the document stated opposition to all forms of "chauvinism", depicting Timișoara as the paramount representative of "the spirit of tolerance and mutual respect, the sole principles reigning in the future European House"), and a multi-party system based on free elections was endorsed, with the exclusion of "extremist [parties], be they leftist or rightist". The document also proposed that the Romanian Communist Party had failed to meet the criteria for participation in Romanian politics, having "discredited itself by degenerating into red fascism". In its 7th Point, the Proclamation indicated that activists of the Communist Party had displayed "cowardice" as early as 1979, by refusing to join Constantin Pîrvulescu in open disobedience to Ceaușescu. The 6th point condemned "prejudice" and "manipulation" against the emerging opposition parties (specifically, the historical National Peasants' Party and National Liberals), citing examples where the "groups interested in resuscitating communism" had incited public sentiment with slogans of reportedly Stalinist inspiration.

Neumann attributed several of the radical social and economic goals, as well as the moral discourse associated with the 8th Point requirements, to the authors' awareness of Marxist theories (for a certain period, George Şerban had taught Marxism at the Timișoara Polytechnic University). While commending the document for thus identifying and radically condemning Communist practices, he expressed his personal opposition to the 8th Point, which he believed to be rooted in "Marxist historicism" and attempting to impose a "moral code" in "situations [that] call for a series of compromises".

A final demand regarded proposals that December 22, the date of revolutionary victory in Bucharest, be proclaimed the national holiday of Romania. The text argued against such a move, and, citing the example of Bastille Day in France, proposed December 16, when revolution broke in Timișoara, as the moment of celebration. Eventually, the 1991 Constitution enforced an unrelated event, Union Day (December 1), as the legal holiday.

Aftermath
Authors have attributed the limited success of the Proclamation movement to both resistance from surviving Communist structures and the special characteristics of Timișoara in relation to the rest of the country. Victor Neumann mentioned contrasts observed during the Revolution itself, when "only a few cities rebelled [...] alongside Timișoara: Arad, Lugoj, Sibiu, Cluj, Braşov, Bucharest, Iaşi". He attributed this pattern to political, economic and social discrepancies between various areas of the country, ones he believed to have been prolonged in post-Revolution Romania. Analyst Enikő Baga contended that policy differences also remained notable between Timișoara and its subordinate Timiș County.

While commenting on the multi-ethnic character of the Revolution as mirrored in the Proclamation itself, Steven D. Roper made mention of the nationalist revival which was made obvious less than a week after the document was publicized (culminating in the ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureş and the creation of the Romanian National Unity Party). At the time, the National Salvation Front accused the Proclamation of seeking political autonomy for the Banat.

The Proclamation of Timișoara was unsuccessful in its goal of shaping electoral procedures: the presidential and legislative election of May 1990 were carried without lustration requirements. Results confirmed the victory of the National Salvation Front as ruling party and of Ion Iliescu, a former Communist official who had opposed Ceaușescu, as President.

Despite this outcome, although reduced in amplitude, the Golaniad protests continued in Bucharest's University Square, and gave ongoing support to the Proclamation. In his previous polemic with the demonstrators, Iliescu argued that the Proclamation was likely to cause "a dangerous witch-hunt". Leaders of the protest rejected this view, indicating that the Proclamation did not call for punishment, but rather for accurate representation. After the controversial intervention of Romanian Police forces, and retaliation from the protesters, the newly-elected president made a public appeal which resulted in a violent intervention by groups of miners arriving from the Jiu Valley.

Legacy
The cause of lustration as prescribed by the Timișoara 8th Point was advocated in Parliament by representatives of National Peasants' Party and National Liberal Party, but faced opposition from the governing National Salvation Front and its successor party — which eventually grouped itself as the Social Democratic Party.

On May 27, 1999, following the elections of 1996 which confirmed the victory of the Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR, comprising the National Peasants' and National Liberal Party together with other groups), a legislative project seeking this goal was proposed inside the Chamber of Deputies by George Şerban, elected as a National Peasants' Party member; however, since 1997, the 8th Point was disavowed by the new President Emil Constantinescu, who stressed his belief that it was "no longer applicable".

The project remained to be analyzed by the Chamber's Judicial Committee over the following seven months, and many of its provisions were ultimately objected to, while it failed to win a parallel verdict from Prime Minister Mugur Isărescu; it was outvoted by a new Social Democratic majority in February 2001, following the 2000 elections. (Șerban had died in late December 1998.)

According to several commentators, the project was intentionally blocked. The journal Evenimentul Zilei indicated the Social Democrat parliamentarian Dan Marţian, who served as president of the Commission and whose position was threatened by lustration, as one of those responsible for the alleged action.

In the wake of the 2004 elections, confirming the victory of the Justice and Truth grouping comprising National Liberals and Democrats, lustration was again brought to the attention of Parliament. This involved two separate projects: that of National Initiative Party politicians Cozmin Guşă, Lavinia Șandru and Aurelian Pavelescu was rejected in Senate (November 2005); a second one, advocated by National Liberal parliamentarians Adrian Cioroianu, Mona Muscă, Viorel Oancea, and Mihăiţă Calimente and backed by the Timișoara Society, was eventually adopted by the Senate in early April 2006. It won additional backing from the Association of Former Political Prisoners and its president, Constantin Ticu Dumitrescu.

Of the proposals, the former was more radical, calling for lustration to be applied permanently to all persons occupying public office under the Communist regime (whereas the National Liberal project restricts it to Communist Party and Union of Communist Youth active cadres, as well as to persons engaged in political policing in relation to the Securitate). At the time of its presentation to Parliament, Cioroianu stated: "The law will be a real test of morality for the political parties". In parallel, British historian Dennis Deletant has argued that lustration was intrinsically connected with the necessity for publicizing Securitate files kept by the CNSAS and the Romanian Intelligence Service. He also contrasted the manifest delays in Romanian procedures with the similar processes in three other former Eastern Bloc countries (Poland, the Czech Republic, and Hungary).

title: Proclamation of Timișoara


text:
Wonderlust

Wonderlust is a live album by Heather Nova, released in 2000. The album was recorded live in Germany and includes a cover version of Bruce Springsteen’s "I'm on Fire" which has been described as a surprise. The whole sound has been noted as Nova '...possessing a fine backing band, but it's Nova's smooth then jagged vocals that steal the show'

Track listing

 * 1) "Winterblue" – 5:58
 * 2) "Walk This World" – 4:20
 * 3) "Island" – 5:51
 * 4) "Heart and Shoulder" – 4:18
 * 5) "Paper Cup" – 3:59
 * 6) "London Rain (Nothing Heals Me Like You Do)" – 4:13
 * 7) "Not Only Human" – 5:15
 * 8) "Doubled Up" – 3:42
 * 9) "Truth and Bone" – 4:29
 * 10) "I'm the Girl" – 5:28
 * 11) "Heal" – 3:56
 * 12) "Make You Mine" – 5:36
 * 13) "Sugar" – 8:29
 * 14) "I'm on Fire (Bruce Springsteen) – 3:43

Personnel

 * Heather Nova – vocals, guitar
 * Berit Fridahl – lead guitars
 * Bastian Juel – bass, backing vocals
 * Laurie Jenkins – drums
 * Nadia Lanman – cello
 * Felix Tod - mixing, recording

title: Wonderlust


text:
Leonid Kogan

Leonid Borisovich Kogan (Леонид Борисович Коган; Леонід Борисович Коган; 14 November 1924 – 17 December 1982) was a preeminent Soviet violinist during the 20th century. Many consider him to be among the greatest violinists of the 20th century. In particular, he is considered to have been one of the greatest representatives of the Soviet School of violin playing.

Life and career
Kogan was born to a Jewish family in Yekaterinoslav (now Dnipro), the son of a photographer. After he showed an early interest and ability for violin playing, his family moved to Moscow, where he was able to further his studies. From age ten he studied there with the noted violin pedagogue Abram Yampolsky. In 1934, Jascha Heifetz played concerts in Moscow. "I attended every one," Kogan later said, "and can remember until now every note he played. He was the ideal artist for me." When Kogan was 12, Jacques Thibaud was in Moscow and heard him play. The French virtuoso predicted a great future for Kogan.

Kogan studied at the Central Music School in Moscow (1934–43), then at the Moscow Conservatory (1943–48), where he studied as a postgraduate (1948–51).

At the age of 17, and while still a student, he performed throughout the Soviet Union. He was co-winner of the first prize at the World Youth Festival in Prague. In 1951, Kogan won first prize at the Queen Elisabeth Competition in Brussels with a dazzling performance of Paganini's first concerto that included an outstanding interpretation of Sauret's cadenza.

His official debut was in 1941, playing the Brahms Concerto with the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra in the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory.

His international solo tours took him to Paris and London in 1955, and then South America and the United States in the following years. Kogan had a repertoire of over 18 concerti and a number of concerti by modern composers were dedicated to him.

In 1952, Kogan began teaching at the Moscow Conservatory, and in 1980 he was invited to teach at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena, Italy. Kogan, a brilliant and compelling violinist who excelled in both the concerto repertoire and in chamber music, shunned publicity. His career was always overshadowed by that of David Oistrakh, who was strongly promoted by the Soviet authorities. Like Oistrakh, Kogan made a few studio recordings in the West, mostly for EMI. The bulk of his recordings were made in the Soviet Union, however, and their availability outside that country was very rare until the release of the Brilliant box set "Historic Russian Archives Leonid Kogan Edition"

Kogan was made a People's Artist of the USSR in 1964, and received the Lenin Prize in 1965.

Kogan married Elizabeth Gilels (sister of pianist Emil Gilels), also a concert violinist. His son, Pavel Kogan (b. 1952) became a famous violinist and conductor. His daughter, Nina Kogan (b. 1954), is a concert pianist and became the accompanist and sonata partner of her father at an early age.

Kogan died of a heart attack in the city of Mytishchi, while travelling by train between Moscow and Yaroslavl to a concert he was to perform with his son. Two days before, he had played the Beethoven Violin Concerto in Vienna. He was buried in Novodevichy Cemetery.

Many speculate that Kogan played on all steel strings, though there is not an outright confirmation. While his close associates indicate he played on gut strings except for a steel 'e' string, it is most likely that he used different combinations over the course of his career.

Instruments
Kogan used two Guarneri del Gesù violins: the 1726 ex-Colin and the 1733 ex-Burmester. He used French bows by Dominique Peccatte. Kogan never actually owned these instruments; they were provided on loan from the Soviet government. Today they are worth more than US$4 million.

Recordings
Kogan formed a trio with pianist Emil Gilels and cellist Mstislav Rostropovich. Their recordings include Beethoven's Archduke Trio, the Schumann D minor, the Tchaikovsky, the Saint-Saëns, the Horn Trio by Brahms with Yakov Shapiro (horn), and the Fauré C minor Quartet with Rudolf Barshai (viola). Kogan later formed another trio with conductor Yevgeny Svetlanov (piano) and Fyodor Luzanov (cello). Kogan was the first Soviet violinist to play and record Berg's Violin Concerto. He also made a famous recording of Khachaturian's Violin Concerto with Pierre Monteux and the Boston Symphony Orchestra for RCA Victor (his American debut recording), a version still considered the most exciting reading of the work. Kogan recorded violin concerti by other Soviet composers, including the two by Tikhon Khrennikov. With Karl Richter, Kogan recorded J. S. Bach's six Violin Sonatas in 1972.

There are more than 30 albums of his performances on the Arlecchino label. In 2006, EMI France issued a 4-CD box set ("Les Introuvables de Leonid Kogan") containing his concerto recordings for that label, all digitally remastered the same year.

The EMI Kogan recordings from 1950s and 1960s used to belong to Columbia, who released about five stereo recordings of Kogan in the vinyl record period: Beethoven Violin Concerto (SAX 2386), Brahms Violin Concerto (SAX 2307), Tchaikovsky Violin Concerto (SAX 2323), Lalo Symphonie espagnole (SAX 2329) and Leclair/Telemann/Ysaye Sonatas for duo Violins (SAX 2531). Nowadays, these Kogan records are among the most sought-after records for classical vinyl collectors. For example, the price of the Beethoven Violin Concerto (SAX2386) record soars up to 10,000 dollars in eBay auctions.

title: Leonid Kogan


text:
Rand formula

In Canadian labour law, the Rand formula (also referred to as automatic check-off and compulsory checkoff) is a workplace compromise arising from jurisprudence struck between organized labour (trade unions) and employers that guarantees employers industrial stability by requiring all workers affected by a collective agreement to pay dues to the union by mandatory deduction in exchange for the union agreement to "work now, grieve later."

Historically, in some workplaces, some workers refused to pay dues to the union even after benefiting from wage and benefit improvements negotiated by the union representatives, resulting in friction and violence as they were seen as "freeloaders"; at the same time, absence of a peaceful grievance settlement mechanism created industrial instability as union members often walked off the job. The Rand formula compromise was designed to ensure that no employee will opt out of the union simply to avoid dues yet reap the benefits of collective bargaining, such as higher wages or health insurance.

Supreme Court of Canada Justice Ivan Rand, the eponym of this law, introduced this formula in 1946 as an arbitration decision ending the Ford Strike of 1945 in Windsor, Ontario. The Canada Labour Code and the labour relations laws of a majority of provinces contain provisions requiring the Rand formula when certain conditions are met. In those provinces where the labour relations laws do not make the Rand formula mandatory, the automatic check-off of union dues may become part of the collective bargaining agreement if both parties (i.e., the employer and the trade union) agree. If there are religious objections to paying dues the dues may be donated to a mutually agreed upon charity.

Compulsory check-off
Union dues to be deducted

70. (1) Where a trade union that is the bargaining agent for employees in a bargaining unit so requests, there shall be included in the collective agreement between the trade union and the employer of the employees a provision requiring the employer to deduct from the wages of each employee in the unit affected by the collective agreement, whether or not the employee is a member of the union, the amount of the regular union dues and to remit the amount to the trade union forthwith.

Religious objections

(2) Where the Board is satisfied that an employee, because of their religious conviction or beliefs, objects to joining a trade union or to paying regular union dues to a trade union, the Board may order that the provision in a collective agreement requiring, as a condition of employment, membership in a trade union or requiring the payment of regular union dues to a trade union does not apply to that employee so long as an amount equal to the amount of the regular union dues is paid by the employee, either directly or by way of deduction from their wages, to a registered charity mutually agreed on by the employee and the trade union.

Designation by Board

(3) Where an employee and the trade union are unable to agree on a registered charity for the purposes of subsection (2), the Board may designate any such charity as the charity to which payment should be made.

Freedom of association issue
The Rand formula applies to all employees whether they are union members or not in those workplaces where the majority of the employees vote to form a union. The Supreme Court of Canada has found that the freedom of association is not undermined by the Rand formula. In the 1991 Lavigne decision, the Justices of the Court held in various concurring reasons that if the Rand formula did violate section 2(d), it could be justified under section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as it fundamentally does no more than what is commonplace in a democratic society – the will of the majority prevails, as in the decisions of parliament, and those in the minority are bound by the decision of the majority.

I would suggest that a worker like Lavigne would have no chance of succeeding if his objection to his association with the Union was the extent that it addresses itself to the matters, the terms and conditions of employment for members of his bargaining unit, with respect to which he is "naturally" associated with his fellow employees. Few would think he should not be required to pay for the services the Union renders him in this context. Significantly, he does not object to these matters. With respect to these, the Union is simply viewed as a reasonable vehicle by which the necessary interconnections of Lavigne and his fellow workers is expressed.

When, however, the Union purports to express itself in respect to matters reflecting aspects of Lavigne's identity and membership in the community that go beyond his bargaining unit and its immediate concerns, his claim to the protection of the Charter cannot as easily be dismissed. In regard to these broader matters, his claim is not to absolute isolation but to be free to make his own choices, unfettered by the opinion of those he works with, as to what associations, if any, he will be associated with outside the workplace.

Reception
The Rand Formula has been implemented in a variety of legal contexts and although interpreted by its critics as binding businesses to violate the free choice of their employees, and as having a negative effect in that it limits individual choice on whether or not to pay union dues in a manner incompatible with market economies it has been generally well received. The positive reception of the Rand formula came mostly from unions and their allies with conservative Canadians voicing the most opposition. The rationale for the Rand formula being stated as “unions are service providers entitled to appropriate compensation for the services they provide” demonstrating that the Rand formula was viewed by the judiciary as a reasonable limit on personal economic freedom in a free market economy such as Canada's. The Formula was largely perceived by businesses and individuals in Canada as a compromise between the extremes of mandatory union membership and universal non-unionism.

Related cases

 * R v Advance Cutting & Coring Ltd (2001): The Supreme Court upheld mandatory union membership in the Quebec construction industry. R. v. Advance Cutting & Coring Ltd., 2001 SCC 70, (2001) 3 S.C.R. 209
 * B.C. Health Services (2007): The Supreme Court recognized collective bargaining as a constitutional right under the freedom of association guarantees. Health Services and Support – Facilities Subsector Bargaining Assn. v. British Columbia, (2007) 2 S.C.R. 391, 2007 SCC 27
 * Lavigne (1991): The Supreme Court upheld mandatory dues. Lavigne v. Ontario Public Service Employees Union, (1991) 2 S.C.R. 211

title: Rand formula


text:
Talk:Howard Phillips (consultant)

Untitled
I could have sworn he was president of Nintendo's US division, NoA, at one point. But it was such a long time ago, I don't really remember much. --I run like a Welshman 05:56, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I think you're confusing him with Howard Lincoln. I could be wrong, though. Andre ( talk )A| 06:14, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * No, although Howard Lincoln does seem to be CEO now on a quick google search (at least he was in 1999). I remember Howard Philips resigning sometime in the pre-SNES era.  I was only a kid then so I could be remembering things wrong.  I might have to dig through my old Nintendo Power magazines and find out, but first have to remember where I put them.  I have stacks of that magazine in storage somewhere, every issue up until around the time the Nintendo 64 came around in the mid 90s. --I run like a Welshman 06:45, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Ok, it turns out he was president of the Nintendo Fun/Fan Club, of the magazine, not Nintendo Of America itself. He sure was a bit of an oft-seen character in that magazine's cartoons, which is why I thought he was a former CEO who was probably trying a bit of a fun-loving type of image for Nintendo's audience. --I run like a Welshman 07:08, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I think it's actually "Phillips", not "Philips". Every time I see it in Nintendo Fun Club newsletters, it's two "L's". Additionally, it's that way in Nintendo Power...and on his current website ( http://www.hpc123.com/ ). See "About/Experience" for information on his Nintendo days. It also apparently hosts some presentations he's recently done about interactive software. Could this warrant a "disambiguation" page with the other guy with two L's?

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 16:48, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Move to draft namespace?
This article doesn't seem finished, with half of the references being unincluded in the article. The article is ~2 sentences long.  Anarchyte  ( work  |  talk )   07:09, 29 January 2016 (UTC)

Source dump

 * http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=22789
 * http://www.engadget.com/2009/03/18/nintendo-icon-howard-phillips-joins-epic-owned-chair-entertainme
 * http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/246951/Casual_game_maker_Gameduell_snaps_up_Nintendo_icon_Howard_Phillips.php
 * http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/former-nintendo-lead-howard-phillips-joins-casual-game-studio-gameduell/0151697
 * http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2015-06-24-gameduell-hires-nintendo-microsoft-veteran-howard-phillips

czar 21:35, 20 August 2017 (UTC)
 * http://kotaku.com/5938371/one-mans-journey-from-warehouse-worker-to-nintendo-legend
 * http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2012/10/ninterview_howard_gamemaster_phillips
 * http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/178182/Nintendos_former_Fun_Club_President_wants_you_to_KnowItAll.php
 * http://www.1up.com/news/day-history-howard-phillips-leaves
 * http://www.1up.com/features/howard-phillips-vault-treasures-nintendo
 * http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2013/03/howard_phillips_ultimate_nintendo_world_championships_1990_package_sells_for_a_whopping_usd17367
 * http://atarihq.com/tsr/nwc.html
 * http://www.vice.com/read/my-dad-the-game-master-846-v16n4
 * http://www.1up.com/news/classic-gaming-expo-2012-howard

How to cover Gamemaster Classified?
What would be the best way to cover the Kickstarter-backed book that Howard Phillips co-wrote with Brawl in the Family artist Matthew Taranto? Maybe by using the two sources the BitF article uses? Dogman15 ( talk ) 00:23, 3 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Howard Phillips (consultant)


text: Talk:Spring break

title: Talk:Spring break


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Interstate 108

Interstate 108 was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

This entry serves no purpose, as this proposed "Interstate" is cited only from a personal Web site and I can find no documentation from Caltrans, FHWA, or anyone else that this road is actively being considered as an Interstate. Indeed, the disclaimer on the personal Web site says that it's only a pipe dream: "The Projects listed on this page are primarily here for informational and amusement purposes, and are the vision and opinion expressed by the author. They are plans for various highways and roads, and are not connected to any road improvement plans devised by the various local and statewide government planning organizations (but, maybe they should be). The plans and ideas contained within this segment of the site are created specifically to illustrate the authors opinion of what could or should be done for that area." No reason that this merits an entry.

PacknCanes 06:01, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * delete. No interstate with that number ever existed, and isn't being planned by any official agency. --SPUI 06:47, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Freeway fan fic. Niteowlneils 16:20, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I try not to comment on what other people do for fun, but WOW. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 17:31, Dec 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, even if they do build freeways every 10 blocks in Los Angeles. Wyss 18:58, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete all tarmac. Dr Zen 06:36, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless we can come up with evidence that this is being officially considered (which is pretty unlikely at this point). --Szyslak 09:11, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, since it appears to be completely made up. Bryan 20:51, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
News design

News design is the process of arranging material on a newspaper page, according to editorial and graphical guidelines and goals. Main editorial goals include the ordering of news stories by order of importance, while graphical considerations include readability and balanced, unobtrusive incorporation of advertising.

News design incorporates principles of graphic design and is taught as part of journalism training in schools and colleges. Overlapping and related terms include layout, makeup (formerly paste up) and pagination.

The era of modern newspapers begins in the mid-nineteenth century, with the Industrial Revolution, and increased capacities for printing and distribution. Over time, improvements in printing technology, graphical design, and editorial standards have led to changes and improvements in the look and readability of newspapers. Nineteenth-century newspapers were often densely packed with type, often arranged vertically, with multiple headlines for each article. A number of the same technological limitations persisted until the advent of digital typesetting and pagination in late 20th century.

Process
Designers typically use desktop publishing software to arrange the elements on the pages directly. In the past, before digital pre-press pagination, designers used precise "lay out dummies" to direct the exact layout of elements for each page.

A complete layout dummy was required for designating proper column widths by which a typesetter would set type, and arrange columns of text. Layout also required the calculation of lengths of copy (text in "column inches"), for any chosen width.

Much of the variance and incoherence of early newspapers was because last minute corrections were exclusively handled by typesetters. With photographic printing process, typesetting gave way to paste-up, whereby columns of type were printed by machines (phototypesetters) on high-resolution film for paste-up on photographed final prints. These prints in turn were "shot to negative" with a large format production camera —directly to steel-emulsion photographic plates.

Though paste-up put an end to cumbersome typesetting, this still required planned layouts and set column widths. Photographic plates are (still) wrapped on printing drums to directly apply ink to newsprint (paper). In the mid-1990s, the paste-up process gave way to the direct to plate process, where computer-paginated files were optically transmitted directly to the photographic plate. Replacing several in-between steps in newspaper production, direct to plate pagination allowed for much more flexibility and precision than before. Designers today still used column grid layouts only with layout software, such as Adobe InDesign or Quark.

Design options
Designers choose photo sizes and headline sizes (both the size of the letters and how much space the headline will take). They may decide what articles will go on which pages, and where on the page, alone or in consultation with editors. They may choose typefaces for special pages, but newspapers usually have a design style that determines most routine uses.

Notable news designers
John E. Allen in Linotype News of the 1930s was the first to write extensively about the design of the U.S. press, followed at mid century by Syracuse journalism professor Edmund Arnold, sometimes identified as the father of "modern" newspaper design, and journalist Harold Evans played a key role in British news design later in the century.

title: News design


text:
User talk:Sollog

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - Ta bu shi da yu 06:06, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

All hail Sollog!
Hollow is his fame! -- Khym Chanur 01:09, Dec 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * People, please don't bait this user. Remember no personal attacks. - Ta bu shi da yu 01:26, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Then why did YOU write "user may be an abusive sockpuppet" on MY PAGE. Stop vandalizing!  Sollog
 * That's not baiting. If you are Sollog, that's what we've established you to be. That's not my problem, that's your own, caused by your own behaviour on this website (and off it I might add!) - Ta bu shi da yu 03:22, 11 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * If I'm Sollog, then I'm hardly a sockpuppet, am I? And you are NOT ALLOWED to edit someone's user page against their wishes.
 * I think that's a matter of etiquette, not policy. Though someone probably could get blocked for repeated non-constructive edits.  -- 164.106.162.104 01:03, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I bet...
... that you could sell that user name for at least $500. It's a novelty item.

 * Good idea! Any bids?  Sollog 20:08, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I'll take it for free. Andy 00:12, 31 May 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sollog


text:
Cherie

Cherie is an English female given name. It comes from the French chérie, meaning darling (from the past participle of the verb chérir, to cherish).

Notable people with the name or stage name include:
 * Cherie, one of the stage names of French singer Cyndi Almouzni (born 1984)
 * Cherie Bambury (born 1976), Australian cricket player
 * Cherie Bennett (born 1960), American novelist, actress, director, playwright, newspaper columnist, singer and television writer
 * Cherie Berry (born 1946), American politician from North Carolina
 * Cherie Blair (born 1954), known professionally as Cherie Booth, British barrister, wife of former prime minister Tony Blair
 * Cherie Buckner-Webb (born 1951), American politician from Idaho
 * Cherie Burton (born 1968), Australian politician
 * Cherie Chung (born 1960), Hong Kong film actress
 * Cherie Currie (born 1959), American musician, singer, songwriter, actress and artist
 * Cherie de Boer (born 1950), accordionist, half of the Dutch duo Accordéon Mélancolique
 * Cherie DeCastro (1922–2010), one of The DeCastro Sisters, a female singing trio
 * Cherie Dimaline (born 1975), Canadian Métis writer
 * Cherie Ditcham (born 1981), Australian actress and model
 * Cherie Gallagher (born 1982), Australian basketball player
 * Cherie Gardiner (born 1991), 2009 Miss Northern Ireland
 * Cherie Gil (born 1963), Filipino actress
 * Cherie Johnson (born 1975), American film and television actress
 * Cherie Kagan (born 1969), American professor in nanotechnology
 * Cherie Kluesing (died 1989), American landscape architect, designer, and educator
 * Cherie Lash Rhoades, Northern Paiute tribe member in California, perpetrator of a 2014 shooting
 * Cherie Lunghi (born 1952), English film, television and theatre actress
 * Cherie Mercado, Filipina broadcast journalist
 * Cherie Nowlan, Australian film and television director
 * Cherie Piper (born 1981), Canadian ice hockey player
 * Cherie Priest (born 1975), American novelist and blogger
 * Cherie Roberts (born 1978), American model and photographer
 * Cherie Templer (1856–1915), New Zealand painter
 * Cherie Wilkerson, American writer
 * Cherie Witter (born 1963), American model and Playboy Playmate

title: Cherie


text: Category:Entertainment companies

title: Category:Entertainment companies


text:
Revenge (disambiguation)

Revenge is a harmful action against a person or group in response to a grievance.

Revenge or The Revenge may also refer to:

Ships

 * HMS Revenge, disambiguation page for multiple ships of this name
 * USS Revenge, disambiguation page for multiple ships of this name
 * Revenge, the ship owned by the English pirate Stede Bonnet (1688–1718)

Books

 * Revenge (novel), or The Stars' Tennis Balls, a 2000 novel by Stephen Fry
 * Revenge, a 2013 crime novel by Martina Cole
 * Revenge: Eleven Dark Tales, a 1998 short story collection by Yōko Ogawa

Film

 * Revenge (1918 film), American western by Tod Browning
 * Revenge (1928 film), an American silent drama film
 * Revenge (1948 film), a Mexican crime film
 * Revenge (1962 film) or Wonhanui Irwoldo, South Korean film featuring Park Am
 * Revenge (1968 film) or Boksu, South Korean film featuring Park No-sik
 * Revenge (1969 film), Italian film of 1969
 * Revenge (1971 film), British thriller by Sidney Hayers
 * Revenge (1978 film), Romanian Film
 * Blood Feud (1978 film), also known as Revenge, Italian thriller by Lina Wertmüller
 * Revenge (1989 film) (Russian: Mest), Soviet film by Yermek Shinarbayev also known as The Red Flute
 * Revenge (1985 film), Malayalam film
 * Revenge (1990 film), American crime thriller starring Kevin Costner
 * The Revenge (film), 2002 Polish film by Andrzej Wajda
 * Revenge: A Love Story, 2010 Hong Kong film by Wong Ching-Po
 * Hevn (Revenge), 2015 Norwegian-Canadian film by Kjersti Steinsbø
 * Revenge (2017 film), a French rape and revenge action-thriller film by Coralie Fargeat

Television

 * Revenge (TV series), a 2011–15 American drama program
 * The Revenge (TV series), a 2021 Thai program featuring Chanon Santinatornkul
 * SuperBrawl Revenge, a 2001 professional wrestling pay-per-view event

Episodes

 * "Revenge" (Alfred Hitchcock Presents), 1955
 * "Revenge" (NCIS), 2013
 * "Revenge" (Star Wars: The Clone Wars), 2012
 * "Revenge" (Survivors), 1975
 * "The Revenge" (Seinfeld), 1991

Music

 * Revenge (Canadian band), a black metal band
 * Revenge (UK band), a band led by New Order bassist Peter Hook

Albums

 * Revenge! (Charles Mingus album) (recorded 1964, released 1996)
 * Revenge (Bill Cosby album), a 1967 comedy album
 * Revenge (Eurythmics album) (1986)
 * Revenge (T.S.O.L. album) (1986)
 * Revenge (Kiss album) (1992)
 * Revenge (Janis Ian album) (1995)
 * Revenge (The Flying Luttenbachers album) (1996)
 * Revenge (Cro-Mags album) (2000)
 * Revenge (Paragon album) (2005)
 * Revenge (Iron Fire album) (2006)
 * Revenge (mixtape), a 2017 mixtape by XXXTentacion
 * The Revenge (album), a 2007 album by Jorn Lande and Russell Allen
 * Revenge, a 2011 album by Bobby Creekwater
 * Revenge, a 2005 album by Vitalij Kuprij
 * Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge, also known as Revenge, a 2004 album by My Chemical Romance

Songs

 * "Revenge" (CaptainSparklez song), a parody of Usher's "DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love", 2011
 * "Revenge" (Joyner Lucas song), 2020
 * "Revenge" (Pink song), 2017
 * "Revenge" (XXXTentacion song), 2017
 * "Revenge", by Black Flag from Jealous Again
 * "Revenge", by Brook Benton
 * "Revenge", by Chevelle from Hats Off to the Bull
 * "Revenge", by Eurythmics from In the Garden
 * "Revenge", by Mindless Self Indulgence from Alienating Our Audience
 * "Revenge", by Ministry from With Sympathy
 * "Revenge", by Papa Roach from Infest
 * "Revenge", by Patti Smith Group from Wave
 * "Revenge", by Plain White T's from All That We Needed
 * "Revenge", by Switchfoot from Oh! Gravity.
 * "Revenge", by White Zombie from Let Sleeping Corpses Lie

Theatre

 * The Revenge (Behn play), a 1680 play by Aphra Behn
 * The Revenge (Fredro play), an 1834 comedy play by Polish writer Aleksander Fredro
 * The Revenge (Young play), a 1721 play by Edward Young
 * The Revenge, a 1978 UK radio play by Andrew Sachs

Other

 * Revenge: The Rematches, a 1994 boxing card in Las Vegas, Nevada
 * Burnout Revenge, a 2005 racing video game in the Burnout series

title: Revenge (disambiguation)


text:
SASL (programming language)

SASL (St Andrews Static Language, alternatively St Andrews Standard Language) is a purely functional programming language developed by David Turner at the University of St Andrews in 1972, based on the applicative subset of ISWIM. In 1976 Turner redesigned and reimplemented it as a non-strict (lazy) language. In this form it was the foundation of Turner's later languages Kent Recursive Calculator (KRC) and Miranda, but SASL appears to be untyped whereas Miranda has polymorphic types.

Burroughs Corporation used SASL to write a compiler and operating system.

title: SASL (programming language)


text: Category:Economy of the Soviet Union

title: Category:Economy of the Soviet Union


text:
File:Sarah Jane Smith.jpg

Elisabeth Sladen as Sarah Jane Smith from Doctor Who (publicity still from Planet of Evil).

Fair use rationale for Sarah Jane Smith
This image, Sarahjane.jpg, is promotional picture from Doctor Who Magazine, the copyright is most likely held by the BBC, the magazine publisher or the photographer, I khaosworks (talk • contribs) 06:02, 6 January 2008 (UTC) feel it is covered by the U.S. fair use law because:
 * 1) The image is a low-resolution cropped image from Doctor Who Magazine;
 * 2) The image is being used for informational purposes about the character Sarah Jane Smith, as portrayed by Elisabeth Sladen, visually depicting characteristics explained in the article;
 * 3) No more free alternative exists;
 * 4) The use of the image in this article will have no effect on the copyright holders commercial use of the image.

title: File:Sarah Jane Smith.jpg


text:
Standard Architecture for Universal Comment Extensions

Standard Architecture for Universal Comment Extensions or SAUCE, as it is most commonly known, is an open metadata protocol for tagging and describing ASCII text files and other files, most of which generally center on or date back to the era of BBSing. SAUCE is very similar in nature to the MP3 ID3 tag format created in 1996 in that it carries metadata such as the title, author (artist), organization (group), as well as specific hierarchical datatype information depending on what type of file it is describing.

The SAUCE protocol was invented and developed by the Belgian programmer known by the pseudonym Tasmaniac of ACiD, who later went on to create the XBin image format, in 1994, two years before ID3 was established. The first utility created to add SAUCE descriptions to files was named SPOON.


text:
Michele LaFountain

Michele LaFountain (born 1969) is the first Puerto Rican to become anchor of ESPN's Spanish version of SportsCenter.

Early years
Michele was born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico. She earned a Bachelor's degree in English and American Literature at Harvard University. She also received a Master's degree in Mass Communications from Boston University.

Career at ESPN
In 1997, Michele began her sports broadcasting career as a co-anchor for ESPN's SportsCenter International. In 2000, Michele joined WNJU, the Telemundo station in New York City, and served as anchor for the nightly newscast "Noticiero 47" (News Center 47) and also as the host of "Deportes 47" (Sports 47), a weekly sports show. Michele was also the New York correspondent for "Titulares Telemundo," a national sports show. She received three Emmy Award nominations for her work at Telemundo.

Michele returned to ESPN in 2003, when she was named anchor together with Heriberto Murrieta, Fernando Palomo and Jorge Eduardo Sanchez to launch the Spanish version of ESPN SportsCenter on ESPN Deportes. She also hosted an interview program created by ESPN called "Primera Plana" (Headliners), featuring exclusive chats with sports stars of the moment.

In 2008, LaFountain became a regular anchor on ESPNews.

title: Michele LaFountain


text:
What Is Man? (Twain essay)

"What Is Man?" is a short story by American writer Mark Twain, published in 1906. It is a dialogue between a Young Man and an Old Man regarding the nature of man. The title refers to Psalm 8:4, which begins "what is man, that you are mindful of him...".

It involves ideas of determinism and free will, as well as of psychological egoism. The Old Man asserts that the human being is merely a machine, and nothing more, driven by the singular purpose to satisfy his own desires and achieve peace of mind. The Young Man objects and asks him to go into particulars and furnish his reasons for his position.

The work appears to be a genuine and earnest debate of his opinions about human nature, rather than satirical. Twain held views similar to that of the Old Man prior to writing "What is Man?". However, he seems to have varied in his opinions of human freedom.

It was published anonymously in 1906 and received such little attention Twain claimed to have regretted its publication. After his death in 1910, the New-York Tribune published a feature on it. Criticism at that time focused on its dark and anti-religious nature.

title: What Is Man? (Twain essay)


text:
User talk:Krishkrish

Incidentally, I suppose I should also formally welcome you: Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Kdau 06:48, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Holocaust denial and Holocaust hoax
If you catch this in the next few minutes, would you object to my replacing hoax with a redirect now that its contents are in denial? Kdau 06:21, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)
 * Actually, now that even the subsequent minor edit has been merged, I'll go ahead and redirect. Kdau 06:27, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

what ever you feel is for the better. thank you krishkrish very cool i love it what you did with my edit. i need to clean it up greatly. i just hope i dont offend anyone with my additions.

No problem, and thank you for your contribution, though the detail edits were made by User:Paul August, not me. Offense isn't as much the issue on Wikipedia as neutral point of view. This is the project's policy number one, especially in an inherently controversial article like this one. The NPOV rule requires that all perspectives be presented, that judgments not be made, and that the language used be neutral. The latter point may be an issue with your contribution, with respect to such words as fraudulent or fear. (Incidentally, I personally completely agree that this revisionism is fraudulent fearmongering.) Another Wikipedia policy is "please do not bite the newcomers", but I'm afraid that in a controversial article that doesn't hold as often as it should. I'd strongly recommended editing your section to be more NPOV before U.S. EST morning, when many more people will be looking. You may want to consider merging your information into other sections of the article, which may well happen anyway eventually. Kdau 06:46, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

thank you sir, honestly my skills in this area are lacking. possibly edits by other users are definatly nessary. this late in the my day i cannot continue. i felt a lack of info and felt more info was nessary about the "hoax" was needed. personally i have jewish and also nazi relatives that are all long passed. one was even a latvian jew that joined the SS. he and my other jewish latvian relatives told conflicting stories about WW2. some even told of horrors at the hands of the americans and spoke well of the german soliders. most never knew what was going on at all. they had been told things like; american and russian bombings of your homes is why your being put into the bomb shelters and then they had been told your homes were destroyed, is why your going to the camps, for their safety. they had food ,warmth and water and bathing areas while under german care, they all were romanced by the german soldiers and given gifts (stockings,cholates,candies,perfumes,soaps, booze,food) what ever they wanted the men would give to them, constantly. a few received marrage offers that they took but never finalized. they said they felt they were being helped, but the liberators came and they were horribly abused by the americans and finally by the russians. the only semi anti-jewish things i heard were from the mouths of my jewish reliatives. only one practiced the jewish faith after coming to america the rest became christians. out of fear? many strange tales from my relatives i have heard about nazis and jews. i do not know what to believe anymore. i just know the nazis cause death and still cause it. i never knew my one grandfathers because of his forced service to germany, my father did not even tell me about my grandfather till i was an adult, i assume out of guilt. he did not even meet his father sadly.

 * Thank you for this perspective. I can't imagine the kind of confusion the survivors would have amongst themselves from such a traumatic time, let alone that of their descendants. It's disgusting that people are still trying to distort an already difficult and complex history. I went ahead and did some cleanup on the section, and marked it as having NPOV issues. I used that label, and made the comments I did on the article's talk page, only to avert preemptively any (unlikely) unpleasantry on the part of deniers. I seriously doubt anyone will have any issue with the actual facts, and I'm probably just being paranoid, but I'd hate to see someone end up in an edit war over their accurate first contribution. Kdau 07:43, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the edits. It looks fine now from an NPOV standpoint, so I'm removing the qualifier. I feel I should reiterate that people are normally quite civil around here, and the editing process is usually constructive like this one: another community value is to be bold in updating pages. I primarily edit formatting, syntax, grammar, and style, so my instinct is to be overprotective. Kdau 16:12, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

title: User talk:Krishkrish


text: Category:Economy of Russia

title: Category:Economy of Russia