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Aidan Gillen

Aidan Murphy (born 24 April 1968), better known as Aidan Gillen, is an Irish actor. He is the recipient of three Irish Film & Television Awards and has been nominated for a British Academy Television Award, a British Independent Film Award, and a Tony Award.

On television, he played Stuart Alan Jones in the Channel 4 series Queer as Folk (1999–2000), Tommy Carcetti in the HBO series The Wire (2004–2008), John Boy in the RTÉ series Love/Hate (2010–2011), Petyr "Littlefinger" Baelish in the HBO series Game of Thrones (2011–2017), and Aberama Gold in the BBC series Peaky Blinders (2017–2019).

His film roles include CIA operative Bill Wilson in The Dark Knight Rises (2012), Dr. Frank Harte in Calvary (2014), Janson in Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials (2015) and Maze Runner: The Death Cure (2018), Robert in Sing Street (2016), and John Reid in Bohemian Rhapsody (2018). He also provided the voice and motion capture for Paul Serene in the 2016 video game Quantum Break.

Early life
Gillen was born in the Drumcondra area of Dublin on 24 April 1968, the youngest of six children born to Patricia (née Gillen) and Denis Murphy. He was educated at St. Vincent's C.B.S. in Dublin's Glasnevin neighbourhood.

Gillen began his acting career as a teenager, joining the National Youth Theatre at the age of fourteen and playing Nick Bottom in a production of A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Project Arts Centre when he was sixteen. The name Aidan Murphy was already registered so he began using his mother's maiden name as a stage name. He moved to London in 1987 when he was nineteen.

Career
Gillen played Stuart Alan Jones in the Channel 4 television series Queer as Folk and its sequel, for which he received a British Academy Television Award nomination for Best Actor. He was nominated for a Tony Award for his Broadway role in Harold Pinter's play The Caretaker. He was also nominated for an Irish Times Theatre Award for his portrayal of Teach in the Dublin Gate Theatre's 2007 production of David Mamet's American Buffalo.

In 2004, having been spotted by producers in The Caretaker, Gillen was cast as Tommy Carcetti in the HBO series The Wire, for which he received an Irish Film & Television Award for Best Actor in a Lead Role in Television. In 2008, he was named an "Irish cult hero" by the Sunday Tribune. He appeared in the 2009 film 12 Rounds, and in July of that year, he appeared in the one-off BBC2 drama Freefall. He co-starred as Phil Hendrick in the British drama Thorne.

In 2011, Gillen began playing Petyr "Littlefinger" Baelish on the HBO series Game of Thrones, for which he received his second Irish Film & Television Award nomination. He appeared in seven seasons, until his character's death in the season 7 finale "The Dragon and the Wolf". He starred as cop killer Barry Weiss in the British crime-thriller Blitz and in the British horror film Wake Wood. Gillen played crime boss John Boy in the acclaimed Irish crime-drama Love/Hate, for which he received his third Irish Film & Television Award nomination and second win.

In 2012, he played CIA operative Bill Wilson (the character's name is from the novelisation; his name is not directly said in the film's script) in The Dark Knight Rises, his first role in a major Hollywood film. Gillen said he enjoyed playing the role, but preferred low-budget lead roles to blockbuster bit-parts. Gillen's character was particularly noted by some Internet circles for his delivery of supposedly awkward dialogue in the film's opening plane scene, especially by users of 4chan's /tv/ board. Thus, he subsequently became the subject of an Internet meme popular among /tv/ users known as "Baneposting", which references the dialogue between Wilson and Tom Hardy's character Bane in said scene. The same year, Gillen also starred in the British spy-drama Shadow Dancer, and was announced as the new host of the music show Other Voices.

He starred in the BBC five-part thriller Mayday in 2013, and the Irish comedy-drama film Calvary the following year. He shared a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination with the cast of Game of Thrones for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series. Gillen also starred in the short film Ekki Múkk, created for the Valtari Mystery Film Experiment by Icelandic band Sigur Rós, as well as Janson in the second film, The Scorch Trials, and third film, Maze Runner: The Death Cure, in the Maze Runner trilogy.

Gillen played Queen's manager John Reid in the biopic Bohemian Rhapsody, which was released on 2 November 2018. He starred as Aidan in the short film titled I Didn't...I Wasn't...I Amn't, written and directed by Irish actress Laoisa Sexton.

He starred in The History Channel's two-season series Project Blue Book from 2019 to 2020. Gillen played Dr. J. Allen Hynek, a brilliant and underappreciated college professor who is recruited by the U.S. Air Force to spearhead an operation named Project Blue Book. He is joined by his partner Air Force Capt. Michael Quinn as they investigate UFO sightings around the country. He also plays Frank Kinsella, a member of a prominent Irish crime family in the BBC crime drama Kin.

Personal life
Gillen resides in his native Dublin. He met Olivia O'Flanagan when they were teenagers. They have two children: Berry (b. March 1997) and Joe (b. October 2000). They married in 2001 and separated in 2015.

Gillen has been in a relationship with singer Camille O'Sullivan since 2014.

title: Aidan Gillen


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Robert Heinrich Wagner

Robert Heinrich Wagner, born as Robert Heinrich Backfisch (13 October 1895 – 14 August 1946) was a Nazi Party official and politician who served as Gauleiter and Reichsstatthalter of  Baden, and Chief of Civil Administration for Alsace during the German occupation of France in World War II.

Early life
Robert Wagner was born in Lindach in the Grand Duchy of Baden in the German Empire. He was the second of five children of Peter Backfisch and Catherine Wagner, a farming family. After attending volksschule in Lindach, he enrolled in 1910 in a preparatory school in Heidelberg and later in a teacher normal school there.

At the outbreak of the First World War, Wagner abandoned his studies (which he never finished) and became a one-year volunteer in the Imperial German Army. He was assigned to the 110th (2nd Baden) Grenadier Regiment. After being wounded and hospitalized in July 1915, he attended Reserve Officer Candidate Training courses and was commissioned as a Leutnant in February 1916. Assigned as a platoon leader with the 110th Reserve Regiment from July 1916 through the end of the war, he was again wounded in a poison gas attack in June 1917. He took part in some of the most notorious battles on the Western Front, including operations in Flanders, the Battle of Verdun, the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Loretto, and the Battle of Champagne. He was decorated for bravery with the Iron Cross, 1st and 2nd class and discharged in December 1918 after the war had ended.

In February 1919, Wagner joined the 2nd Baden Volunteer Battalion, with whom he participated in the suppression of revolutionary unrest in Mannheim and Karlsruhe. This unit was transferred to Reichswehr 113th Defense Regiment in March 1920. In January 1921, he was transferred to the 14th Infantry Regiment, based in Konstanz. Also at this time, he officially had his name changed to Wagner, taking the maiden name of his mother. The reason for the name change from his father's (Backfisch, which means "teenage girl" (literally "fried fish")) was probably to avoid teasing by his fellow officers.

Hitler meeting
In September 1923, by now an Oberleutnant, he was posted to the Central School of Infantry in Munich, then the principal officer training facility in Germany. While in Munich, Wagner met Adolf Hitler and Erich Ludendorff and was immediately captivated by them. The meeting came through his friendship with Ludendorff's stepson, Heinz Pernet. Wagner took part in the Beer Hall Putsch on 9 November 1923, leading his infantry students to the Bürgerbräukeller. On 26 February 1924 he stood trial with Hitler and eight other men for their part in the putsch. Wagner was convicted on 1 April and sentenced to 15 months incarceration, of which he served 11 weeks in Landsberg prison. He was dismissed from the Reichswehr on 24 May. During the time that the Nazi Party was banned, Wagner remained active as a speaker at political gatherings, and was arrested six times for political rowdyism.

Nazi Party career
When the Nazi Party was reestablished in February 1925, Wagner immediately joined (membership number 11,540). On 25 March 1925 he was named Gauleiter of Baden. In 1927, he became the publisher of a Nazi propaganda newspaper, Der Führer. At one point in 1928 he was imprisoned for two months due to an offensive article he ran. In March 1929 he was charged with libel in Freiburg, but was acquitted. In October 1929, he was elected to the Baden Landtag. Another libel case in 1930 resulted in an acquittal on appeal. From December 1932 through March 1933 he was temporarily transferred to the Party headquarters at the Brown House, Munich as Deputy to Robert Ley and head of the Hauptpersonalamt (Main Personnel Office).

Following the Nazi seizure of power, Wagner was elected on 5 March 1933 to the Reichstag for electoral constituency 32, Baden. Resuming his Gauleiter position, on 8 March he was sent back to take control of the Baden state government as Reichskommissar. When the duly elected cabinet resigned on 11 March, Wagner assumed control as Minister-President and Minister of the Interior. On 5 April he issued a decree banning all non-Aryans from public service employment. Turning over the premiership to Walter Köhler, on 5 May he assumed the new, more powerful position of Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) of Baden, thus uniting under his control the highest party and governmental offices in his jurisdiction. On 30 January 1936, Wagner was made a Gruppenführer in the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK) and on 30 January 1939 was promoted to NSKK-Obergruppenführer. A dedicated Nazi, Wagner carried out the Party policies regarding persecution of the Jews, enforcement of the Nuremberg Laws, the pogrom of Kristallnacht and persecution against the churches.

Second World War and Chief of Civil Administration in Alsace
Shortly after the outbreak of the Second World War, Wagner was named to the Defense Committees of Wehrkreise (Military Districts) V and XII, in which parts of his Gau were located. After the fall of France, Germany incorporated Alsace (Elsaß) into the Greater German Reich and on 2 August 1940 Wagner became Chief of Civil Administration for the region. On 22 March 1941, his Gau was renamed Gau Baden-Elsaß. In a meeting with Hitler on 20 June 1940, also attended by Josef Bürckel, the Chief of Civil Administration for Lorraine, Hitler informed them that he wanted a total Germanization of the two occupied French areas within ten years by any means necessary. Wagner immediately embarked on an aggressive Germanization campaign in Alsace, vowing to achieve this goal in half the time. He proclaimed a ban on speaking French in public. Also, he ordered the restoration of the old German place names that existed prior to 1918, and persons with French given names were required to change them to their German equivalents. Schools were required to teach Nazi race theories, and he established mandatory units of Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls to indoctrinate the Alsatian youth. He also mandated compulsory membership in the Reich Labor Service for working-age Alsatians. Wagner also personally established the Schirmeck-Vorbrück concentration camp, where by 1942 about 1,400 prisoners were incarcerated.

On 25 August 1942, Wagner issued a decree ordering the conscription into the Wehrmacht on all Alsatian men of military service age. This policy was very unpopular and had the effect of increasing opposition to the German occupation. In February 1943, Wagner ordered the execution of 12 men from Ballersdorf who tried to avoid compulsory military duty by attempting to cross into nearby Switzerland.

Wagner also embarked on a campaign to rid Alsace of Jews, earning the nickname the Butcher of Alsace (Schlächter vom Elsaß). On 22 October, he initiated a massive deportation of Jews to areas in unoccupied France (Vichy France) with seven trainloads of Jews being rounded up and deported from Alsace with no advance notice. Their property and possessions were confiscated. On 22 October 1940 he reported to Berlin: "Baden ist als erster Gau judenfrei." — Baden is the first Gau to be free of Jews. The Jews expelled from both Baden and Alsace were housed under cruel conditions in the Gurs internment camp at the foot of the Pyrenees. Some 2,000 were deported to the Majdanek and Auschwitz concentration camps and murdered in 1942. Of the 4,464 Jews sent to the Camp Gurs, fewer than 800 survived.

On 16 November 1942, the jurisdiction of Reich Defense Commissioners was changed from the Wehrkreis to the Gau level, and Wagner was appointed Defense Commissioner for his Gau. He assumed responsibility for civil defense, air defense and evacuation measures, as well as for managing wartime rationing and suppression of black market activity. On 25 September 1944, Wagner was made commander of the Nazi militia units (Volkssturm) in his Gau. As the invading Allied forces approached Alsace, Wagner fled from Strasbourg across the Rhine river on 23 November 1944. Allied forces invaded Baden in the spring of 1945, and Wagner continued to offer military resistance, mobilizing Volkssturm battalions and distributing leaflets calling for acts of sabotage and partisan uprisings by Werwolf units in areas already occupied by the Allies. He threatened the death penalty to anyone that tried to flee. Following the scorched earth policy detailed in Hitler's Nero Decree, he ordered cities in Baden to destroy their infrastructure to hinder the advance of the Allies. Karlsruhe, the capital, fell to the First French Army on 4 April 1945, and Wagner fled south to Konstanz. Reportedly, he tried to cross into Switzerland, but was turned back by border guards.

Capture, trial and death
On 29 April 1945, Wagner went into hiding, posing as a farmhand near Tuttlingen. Finally, on 29 July 1945 he turned himself in to American forces at Stuttgart, who handed him over to the French authorities in early 1946. Wagner was brought to trial from 23 April to 3 May 1946, convicted and sentenced to death by the Permanent Military Tribunal in Strasbourg. The sentence was carried out by firing squad on 14 August 1946. Wagner remained a loyal Nazi to the end, as his last words before the execution show: "Long live Greater Germany, long live Adolf Hitler, long live National Socialism."

On 1 September 1950, Wagner was posthumously classified as a major offender (Category I) by the denazification court in Baden.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Robert Heinrich Wagner


text: Category:Hungarian soldiers

title: Category:Hungarian soldiers


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User:Brendan Vox

Dr. Brendan Arthur Raymond Vox (a pseudonym) is a pretentious composer-performer of experimental music, self-proclaimed historian of electronic avant-garde music (electronic art music), and a disciple of John Cage, Erik Satie, Luigi Russolo, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Edgard Varese, and Raymond Scott, among others.

He has been involved with a number of minor musical projects in San Jose, California, including the bands Volvox and the Radium Girls, but he remains most acclaimed for his individual artistic efforts. Not restricting himself to music, Brendan is also a practicing writer, film-maker, sculptor, painter, and actor.

In addition, Dr. Vox is an aspiring Marxist revolutionary and gay rights advocate.

title: User:Brendan Vox


text:
User talk:Keknehv

Welcome to my user talk.

title: User talk:Keknehv


text: User talk:210.11.40.226

title: User talk:210.11.40.226


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Teen pornography

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was SPEEDY. jni 18:11, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Teen_pornography
Nonsense page, plain and simple --PopUpPirate 00:43, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Speedy deleted. Content was: "Big Young Boobies." Neutralitytalk 00:47, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)


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KFOR

KFOR may refer to:

 * KFOR (AM), a radio station (1240 AM) licensed to Lincoln, Nebraska, United States,
 * KFOR-TV, a television station (channel 4 analog/27 digital) licensed to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States,
 * KFOR-TV (Nebraska), a defunct television station in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States,
 * Kosovo Force, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo

title: KFOR


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User:Shogun~enwiki

What I Do

 * I don't edit wikipedia that much nowadays due to the delete happy admin crowd.

title: User:Shogun~enwiki


text:
Kurt Ainsworth

Kurt Harold Ainsworth (born September 9, 1978) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the San Francisco Giants and Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB) and went to Louisiana State University. Ainsworth also won an Olympic Games gold medal with the United States national baseball team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Following his professional baseball career, Ainsworth co-founded Marucci Sports and currently serves as the company's CEO.

High school career
Kurt Ainsworth attended Catholic High in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. As a senior, he was a first team All-State selection, won the Student-Athlete Award, and was named Catholic High Man of the Year. After his senior baseball season, he played in the Louisiana All-Star game. His son Alex pitches (pitched) at Catholic High.

Professional career
After playing collegiately for Louisiana State University, Ainsworth was the first-round draft pick (24th overall) of the San Francisco Giants in the 1999 MLB draft. He signed with the Giants and finished the 1999 season with the Salem-Keizer Volcanoes of the Class A Northwest League, where he started 10 games and accumulated a record of 3-3 and an ERA of 1.61.

He spent the 2000 season with the Shreveport Captains of the Texas League. At the age of 21, he was the same age as many of the players in rookie leagues, but he went 10–9 with an ERA of 3.30 and 130 strikeouts in 158 innings in the Class AA Texas League. This earned him a promotion to the Class AAA Fresno Grizzlies of the Pacific Coast League in 2001. Although he again went 10–9 at Fresno, his ERA in 27 games was 5.07; nevertheless, he was still called up to the MLB and made two relief appearances for the Giants in 2001.

The 2002 season was a more successful one for Ainsworth. He again spent much of the season with Fresno, but with better results; his ERA in 19 starts there was 3.41, and his record for the season was 8–6. He made six appearances (four starts) for the Giants during the season; although his record for the Giants was just 1–2, his ERA in 25$2⁄3$ innings was 2.10, and he struck out 15 batters.

Just as Ainsworth's career was looking very promising, it started falling prey to serious arm injuries in 2003. He began the season in the Giants' starting rotation and made 11 starts for them; he went 5–4 with an ERA of 3.82 in 66 innings pitched. On June 3, 2003, he was placed on the disabled list with inflammation in his shoulder. He made a rehabilitation appearance with Fresno on June 15, but lasted just two innings; later in the month, doctors found that his shoulder blade was broken, an extremely unusual injury for a pitcher. On July 31, the trading deadline, the Giants traded him and Damian Moss to the Baltimore Orioles for Sidney Ponson. He was not activated from the disabled list until September 20, and he appeared in just three games for the Orioles in 2003, pitching 2$1⁄3$ innings in relief and accumulating an 0–1 record with an 11.57 ERA.

Ainsworth recovered in time to start the 2004 season with the Orioles, but he made only seven starts before the Orioles demoted him to the Class AAA Ottawa Lynx. He pitched only four innings for the Lynx before he went on the disabled list again with right elbow inflammation; he was out until mid-August, and he finished the season by making two rehab starts for the Orioles's short-season Class A club, the Aberdeen IronBirds.

Ainsworth made two appearances for the Orioles in spring training in 2005. In three innings, he allowed five runs, for an ERA of 15.00, and his record was 0–1. He was sidelined beginning in spring training with what he would find out was a torn labrum and a torn rotator cuff. He considered retirement but underwent shoulder surgery in late March. He hoped to make a return in the 2006 season, but was unsuccessful and never pitched professionally again.

Business career
In 2004, while recovering from elbow inflammation, Ainsworth began the Marucci Bat Co. along with LSU Head Athletic Trainer, Jack Marucci, and former Toronto Blue Jays second baseman, Joe Lawrence. They began producing bats for a small number of Major League players.

In 2006, Ainsworth and Lawrence, along with the help of another former professional player, Brad Cresse, formed a new company called Big Leagues of Baton Rouge to generate revenue while the Marucci Bat Company continued to grow. All excess profits from Big Leagues of Baton Rouge were invested back into Marucci Bat Company.

Ainsworth helped lead the purchase of an Amish-run wood mill in Pennsylvania in 2008. The acquisition of the mill solidified Marucci's superior wood supply, and it still supplies all of Marucci's wood today.

In 2009, Ainsworth and Lawrence sold their stake in Big Leagues of Baton Rouge and joined with former White House Press Secretary, Reed Dickens, to form Marucci Sports. This company would eventually buy Marucci Bat Company in 2011.

Today, Marucci Sports is the number one bat in the Big Leagues, and produces elite baseball and softball equipment. The Associated Press calls the company "bat maker to the stars", and Forbes Magazine highlighted it as one of the top growth brands in the country.

title: Kurt Ainsworth


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User talk:Roger McCoy

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Spinboy 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

JW related work
Hey Roger! welcome to WP. Feel free to talk to me on my 'talk' page. george 02:48, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Re: Grey Hulk ("Joe Fixit")
I see why you made the edit, but there wasn't a contradiction per se between para 1 & para 2 here. The first paragraph ("The Grey Hulk personality briefly appeared (with green skin) towards the end of the Hulk's original series in the 1960s") referred to the Hulk from the latter part of IH (vol 1) #4, and #5-6, and the ("Contrary to occasional belief, the "Joe Fixit" Grey Hulk has little in common with the Hulk from Incredible Hulk (volume 1) #1 beyond the skin colour, and they are not the same version of the character.) referred to the Hulk from IH (vol 1) #1-2 and the early part of #3 (which itself had green skin for the latter two issues). Have you read IH v1, OoC? - SoM 09:59, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I have it in "Essential" format, which I've read through a few times. (I actually have a mostly-complete collection of the Hulk, with the only significant gap being from around #110-190.)  Although you are correct that it wasn't a contradiction "per se", the following phrases are confusing at best when played against each other:

 * "The Grey Hulk personality briefly appeared (with green skin) towards the end of the Hulk's original series in the 1960s, and again re-emerged in the mid-80s with the grey skin which would become associated with this incarnation just prior to the start of the lengthy Peter David run." (Boldface added.)

 * "Contrary to occasional belief, the "Joe Fixit" Grey Hulk has little in common with the Hulk from Incredible Hulk (volume 1) #1 beyond the skin colour, and they are not the same version of the character."

 * The first sentence seems to indicate that the same character was "re-emerging", rather than a different character making an appearance, whereas the second seems to indicate the opposite. Another reason for the change, though, was because of a comment that Rick Jones had made in #326 in regard to the newly re-emerged grey hulk:

 * "Then, there was a muffled, crashing sound -- the tank shattering, as you -- that is, the Hulk... the original Grey hulk... broke loose." (Italics and boldface preserved from the original text.)

 * Of course, it is entirely possible that Rick was making a faulty assumption or referring solely to skin color, but I don't really think he was. If you compare Al Milgrom's Grey Hulk with the original Grey Hulk as written by Peter David, they are actually very similar.  However, both Grey Hulks rapidly evolved:  Lee's Grey Hulk turned green and went through numerous other changes, including a gradual personality change, while Milgrom's Grey Hulk rapidly moved in another direction, especially once taken over by Peter David.  It's interesting what David himself wrote in the 30th anniversary issue (#393) under the guise of Doc Samson in the article "Psychological Rmifications of Gamma Radiation":

 * "The first Hulk, a gray-skinned behemoth, personified a regression from the superego to the ego. This Hulk houses Banner's will power and decision making, upon which Banner projected his rage. [...]  At first the Hulk transformed at sunset and reverted to human form at dawn.  Although the Hulk's skin pigment soon changed to green, he maintained the disposition of the gray Hulk for a while, even when encountering Betty. [...] The Hulk's emerald skin healed around the bullet, which had an unexpected positive effect... But even then the gray Hulk's savagery manifested... [...]  General Thaddeus 'Thunderbolt' Ross interfered with my subsequent attempt to treat this condition, causing the green Hulk persona to possess Rick Jones.  Banner subsequently used the gamma ray projector upon himself, little realizing that the gray Hulk was minipulating him from within.  He transformed into his initial gray state."

 * Although there is definitely some room for interpretation, I feel that David was giving the strong impression that these two Hulks were the same, and, in fact, the gray hulk existed, albeit in a submerged state, throughout all of the first 325 issues before he re-emerged. This certainly allows some time for the personality of the character to evolve.

 * Just to play it safe, I tried to leave some room for interpretation, and I hope I succeeded in acknowledging both opinions. If your viewpoint differs, feel free to change it.  The text, that is.  ;-) Roger McCoy 04:01, 20 Mar 2005 (UTC)

User:Humanbot
Oy. You are meant to check your edits. Don't just press "Save page". r3m0t talk 14:12, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * I generally do, but apparently I didn't look closely enough on this one. "Teh = the" seemed pretty safe, so I made the mistake of breezing through it too quickly.  My mistake.  Thanks for pointing this out; I'll be more careful next time. --Roger McCoy 03:49, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

dab keyboard
Sorry for the intrusion i was just dabbing keyboard. I chose Keyboard instrument for your User page in preferrance to Musical keyboard. Please change if you think the alternative is more appropriate Gnangarra 15:39, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

Invite
Clamster5 22:04, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1
I have added a "" template to the article Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Hbdragon88 02:57, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image (Image:FinalCrisis.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:FinalCrisis.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:FinalCrisis.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:FinalCrisis.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 18:09, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1
Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1, an article you created, has been nominated for deletion. We appreciate your contributions. However, an editor does not feel that Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1 satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in the nomination space (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and the Wikipedia deletion policy). Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1 and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Differences between Stargate and Stargate SG-1 during the discussion but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Chris! ct 02:37, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

Star Trek recurring characters
Hi Roger, I notice that there isn't a Category:Star Trek recurring characters, even though it is on your new template. Has it been speedily deleted, or have you not got round to creating it yet? I'm happy to help if you need anything. - Fayenatic (talk) 19:59, 19 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I've just set it up. - Fayenatic (talk) 22:15, 21 December 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:StarTrek50.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:StarTrek50.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 11:16, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Deletion discussion
Can you help with Articles for deletion/Meng Keo Pichenda? We need Khmer speakers. Thanks. Fences &  Windows  22:21, 30 January 2010 (UTC)

sorry but im deleting the third revival article
Hello User Roger McCoy I know we wanted the twilight zone to be back but since i cant find proof im afraid i have to delete it  i know how you feel but maybe there would be hope someday but for now  this should be delete unless you have proof. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Belrien12 (talk • contribs) 14:10, 29 May 2010 (UTC)
 * No skin off my nose. I added the "needs citation" because I thought the whole thing sounded fishy myself. --Roger McCoy/រ៉ាចើ (talk) 15:58, 29 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Sorry i thought you are the one who wrote the article my bad! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Belrien12 (talk • contribs) 02:10, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

Fred Heron
Just to let you know, I've reverted your removal of Category:Living persons from Fred Heron. Basically, we have to assume he's alive unless it's proven otherwise, and per Wikipedia's policy on sources, simply someone saying they're a friend of the person isn't enough. (See Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard.)

Is there an obituary in the local newspaper? If you can get me the name of the paper, I can probably find a copy of the obituary on line. Just place a note on User talk:Cymru.lass with the name of the paper(s) and I'll do my best. --- cymru.lass (hit me up)⁄(background check) 04:53, 5 January 2011 (UTC)

 * I checked the local paper's online edition; he isn't listed. Nonetheless, like the other user, I knew Fred personally. I'm probably going to be at his funeral next week. He's not in the obits. He's not likely to make the news. I have no idea where we're going to get the source from.
 * Note that I didn't even list him as "dead". I just removed the listing of him being "living", which is demonstrably inaccurate. When you reverted that change, you weren't removing unsourced information; you were *adding* unsourced (and inaccurate) information. --Roger McCoy/រ៉ាចើ (talk) 08:28, 5 January 2011 (UTC)
 * It's not quite so simple, though. I wasn't so much adding the category as reverting an unsourced removal. Again, I'd like to direct you to Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.101.154.87 (talk) 23:30, 5 January 2011 (UTC) --- cymru.lass (hit me up)⁄(background check) 23:40, 5 January 2011 (UTC) (accidentally left this as an IP)

File source and copyright licensing problem with File:Fred Heron.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Fred Heron.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

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An RfC that you may be interested in...
As one of the previous contributors to Infobox film or as one of the commenters on it's talk page, I would like to inform you that there has been a RfC started on the talk page as to implementation of previously deprecated parameters. Your comments and thoughts on the matter would be welcomed. Happy editing!
 * This message was sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) on behalf of {{U|Technical 13}} (t • e • c) 18:26, 8 March 2014 (UTC)

Nomination of Pilot (television episode) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Pilot (television episode) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Pilot (television episode) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.  Jay  Jay What did I do? 02:56, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

File:FinalCrisis.jpg listed for discussion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:FinalCrisis.jpg, has been listed at Files for discussion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. ―Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 03:07, 2 November 2018 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Crisis (DC Comics)

The article Crisis (DC Comics) has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Primary sources and original research since at least a decade ago. Subgroup of DC Comics crossover events, listed at Publication history of DC Comics crossover events. The biggest flaw, it points that not all events count as a 'crisis', but does not clarify which is the criteria for that, as not even having 'crisis' in the title seems to be it."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Cambalachero (talk) 17:23, 8 June 2022 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Crisis (DC Comics)

The article Crisis (DC Comics) has been proposed for deletion. The proposed deletion notice added to the article should explain why.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Ten Pound Hammer • (What did I screw up now?) 16:39, 10 June 2022 (UTC)

Nomination of Crisis (DC Comics) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Crisis (DC Comics) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Crisis (DC Comics) until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Cambalachero (talk) 13:07, 13 June 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Roger McCoy


text:
Helmdon

Helmdon is a village and civil parish about 4 mi north of Brackley in West Northamptonshire, England. The village is on the River Tove, which is flanked by meadows that separate the village into two. The parish includes the hamlets of Astwell and Falcutt and covers more than 1550 acre. The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 899.

The villages name means 'Helma's valley'. Alternatively, 'Helma (= helmet)' may be the name of a nearby hill. Early spellings also reflect confusion with Old English 'hamol' meaning, 'maimed'.

Manor
Helmdon's toponym is probably derived from Old English Helman denu "Helma's valley"; Helma is an unrecorded Old English masculine name. In the reign of Edward the Confessor two Saxons, Alwin and Godwin, held the manor "freely", i.e. without a feudal overlord. They were dispossessed after the Norman Conquest of England and the Domesday Book of 1086 records that Robert, Count of Mortain held a manor at "Elmedene". In the 12th century on William de Torewelle (Turville) held the manor of "Helmendene" of the fee of Leicester. On both occasions the manor was assessed at four hides. The toponym continued to evolve: in about 1340 it was recorded as Helmydene.

William's descendants continued as the lesser lords of Helmdon until the 16th century. In 1317 Nicholas de Turville granted 97$1⁄2$ acres at Helmdon to his daughter Sarah and her husband Robert Lovett. In 1562 George Lovett sold Helmdon to Lancelot Wilton of Brackley, who 16 months later sold it on to Magdalen College, Oxford. The college remained Helmdon's largest landowner until at least the 18th century, by which time Worcester College, Oxford also held a significant estate in the parish.

Helmdon's main manor house, Overbury, seems to have been at the southern end of the village, south of the parish church. Slight earthworks suggest the position of not only the manor house but also other houses and three former ponds that may have been manorial fish ponds.

Church of England
The Church of England parish church of Saint Mary Magdalene is predominantly Decorated Gothic. English Heritage dates the earliest building work to the 14th century but local opinion holds the nave and aisles to be 13th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Until the English Reformation the church was dedicated to Saint Nicholas. The oldest parts are the nave and three-bay south aisle, which may be early 13th-century. The south aisle includes a tomb recess with a Purbeck Marble slab and foliated cross. The arcade of the north aisle is of a different style that suggests a later date, possibly late 13th-century. Authorities agree that the chancel is 14th-century. It has an ornately cusped, ogeed and crocketted piscina and three-bay sedilia, plus a low-side window on each side.

The clerestory of the nave was added later, possibly in the 15th century. The clerestory's timber roof ties and purlins may be 15th-century originals. The original west tower was probably 14th-century, but was rebuilt in 1823 reusing elements of the original Decorated Gothic masonry. The church was restored in 1841, and again under the direction of EF Law in 1876. During the restoration an Early English Gothic piscina was found under some pews in the north aisle, and was set in the wall near the north door.

Small sections of Medieval stained glass survive in the heads of some of the windows. One in the north-east window of the north aisle depicts a stonemason at work. It gives his name, William Campiun, and has been dated to 1313. This suggests that he was a benefactor, at least paying for the window and probably contributing to the building of the north aisle. Such a medieval representation of a craftsman or tradesman is unusual, and one giving his name and so precisely datable is particularly rare. However, stone-quarrying was by then a significant industry in Helmdon, it supplied most or all of the stone for the church, and leading local masons would have had considerable economic standing.

Taxation records show that in 1291 the Hospital of St John Baptist and St John Evangelist, Northampton held the rectory of Helmdon. It is now part of the parish of St Mary Magdalene, Helmdon with Stuchbury and Radstone, which in turn is part of the Benefice of the Astwell Group of Parishes.

The tower has a ring of six bells. Henry II Bagley of Chacombe cast the fourth, fifth and tenor bells in 1679. John Briant of Hertford cast the treble bell in 1797. The Taylor family of bellfounders of Loughborough cast the third bell in 1834, the second bell in 1855 and recast the fourth bell in 1890. Gillett & Johnston of Croydon recast the fifth bell in 1951. The church has also a Sanctus bell that was cast by an unidentified founder in about 1816.

The old Rectory may have been 16th-century or earlier. In 1856 the then Rector, Rev. Charles Milman Mount, had it demolished and replaced with a new one (now Helmdon House). In the porch of the 1856 rectory is the wooden lintel of a Tudor fireplace bearing a carved dragon, the year 1533 (or 35) and a set of initials.

Baptist
Helmdon Baptist chapel in Wappenham Road opened in 1841. In 1953 a schoolroom was added. The building became unsafe and was closed as a place of worship in 2004. Baptists from Helmdon now worship at Weston Baptist chapel, about 2 mi away.

Building stone
Helmdon Stone is a pale limestone of the Middle Jurassic Taynton Limestone Formation. It is a freestone, i.e. it can be sawn in any direction to make ashlar. The quarries were on the north side of the Tove Valley, on the low ridge just beyond the northern edge of the village. There were either side of the minor roads to Weston and Sulgrave, extending about 1000 yd east–west from just east of the footpath to Weston Farm to the boundary of what became the course of the Great Central Main Line.

Stone may have been quarried in the parish since the late 13th century. Finely-carved stone used to build the Eleanor Cross at Hardingstone (started 1291) and to face the west front of the priory church of Canons Ashby Priory resembles that from Helmdon. In about 1340 Helmydene supplied stone to repair the Church of St James the Less, Sulgrave.

Helmdon stone gained fame in the late 17th century. For a century it was included in the building of some of the region's finest stately homes. The first was Stowe House, whose builders used Helmdon stone from 1677, and especially from 1710 to 1777. This was followed by Easton Neston House near Towcester, completed 1702; Blenheim Palace in the period 1705–10; and Woburn Abbey from 1749 to 1780. Helmdon may also have supplied stone to build Brackley Town Hall in 1705–06 and to remodel Canons Ashby House in 1708–10. In 1739 Helmdon supplied some of the stone for Shalstone House in Buckinghamshire.

Blenheim is 26 mi from Helmdon, and most of its stone was supplied by much nearer quarries in Oxfordshire: either Burford and Taynton or Cornbury Park and Glympton. Woburn is 31 mi away and most of its stone was supplied by nearer quarries at Ketton and Totternhoe. The inclusion of Helmdon stone in these prestigious projects shows how highly it was regarded at the time. Early 18th-century writers praised it as some of the finest building stone in England. However, after 1780 Helmdon stone ceased to be of more than local importance.

Lace
The trade of making lace by hand was a well-established cottage industry in the East Midlands by the late 16th century, and the earliest record of it in Helmdon dates from 1718. Makers around Towcester and Buckingham had a reputation for the finest lace, and although mechanised competition began with Heathcoat's bobbin net machine in 1808, quality lace-making by hand thrived for several more decades. Helmdon had lace-making schools that taught girls the trade from an early age. Lace-making in the parish peaked in the middle of the 19th century, when the 1851 Census recorded that 94 women and girls — more than 30% of all Helmdon's female inhabitants — worked in the trade, and the youngest workers were under 10 years old. Thereafter mechanical lace-making did reduce the market for hand-made lace. The 1891 Census recorded only six women in Helmdon employed in the trade, and only one of those was aged under 40.

Agriculture
Traces of traditional ridge and furrow ploughing survive in much of the parish, and particularly in the south. They are evidence of the open field system of farming that prevailed in the parish until 1758, when Parliament passed the Inclosure Act for Helmdon.

Leisure
A few 17th-century records name Helmdon victuallers in 1630, 1673 and 1692, but none says where there alehouses were or what they were called. Hemdon's earliest public house to be recorded by name was the Cross in Cross Lane. It was built late in the 17th century, and takes its name from the Cross family that ran it from then until late in the 18th century. Early in the 19th century Hopcroft and Norris's brewery in Brackley acquired it as a tied house. The Cross closed on 15 August 1914, just a fortnight after the outbreak of the First World War. It is now a private house called the Old Cross.

Publicans of the Cross included James Campin (in 1884–1909) and Edward Campin (in 1913), who share the same local surname as the stonemason William Campiun commemorated in the parish church in 1313. The last Campin in Helmdon died in 1969.

The Chequers opposite the parish school was trading by 1758 and possibly much earlier. In 1872 it was taken over by Hopcroft and Norris, which in 1945 merged with the Chesham Brewery to form the Chesham and Brackley Brewery. By 1960 it had passed to Phipps Northampton Brewery Company, which in 1970 sold it to Charles Wells Ltd of Bedford. It was closed in 1992, demolished and replaced by four new houses.

The King William IV was trading by 1841, just four years after the death of its namesake. In about 1884 it became a tied house of the Leamington Brewery Company and its name was changed to The Bell. After 1934 a dance hall with a sprung floor was built behind the pub. Also in the middle of the 20th century the Bell diversified as a filling station, with a single hand-operated petrol pump outside. The dance hall was demolished and replaced with a bungalow before 1970 but the petrol pump remained well into the 1970s. The Bell continues to trade today.

The Cock and Magpie in Wappenham Road opposite the Baptist chapel was trading by 1861. Its name was later shortened to the Magpie. When the Great Central Main Line was being built in the second half of the 1890s, the landlord added a wooden building behind the pub in which he lodged some of the navvies. The Magpie closed down in 1909, giving it the shortest trading life of Helmdon's four known pubs. It is now a private house, Magpie Cottage.

A Charles Fairbrother had the Reading Room built in 1887 as a men's meeting place as an alternative to the pubs. Newspapers and magazines were donated and until 1930 a small annual subscription was charged. Women were not admitted until 1921, when the local Women's Institute started meeting there. It was run by the parish Rector and churchwardens until the 1970s, when it was transferred to the parish council. Throughout its history the Reading Room has been the meeting place of many of Helmdon's activities, serving in effect as the village hall.

School
Helmdon School was planned in 1852 as a National School and built and opened in 1853 on land given by Worcester College, Oxford. The original building included a house for the schoolmaster, which was sold as a private house in 1970. In 1872 more land was acquired and an additional classroom was built.

After Parliament passed the Elementary Education Act 1870, control of the school was transferred from the Church of England parish to the local School Board. The school was refurbished in 1933 and extended in 1975. It is now a primary school.

Railways
In 1872 the Northampton and Banbury Junction Railway (from 1910 part of the Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway (SMJR)) was opened between Blisworth and Farthinghoe. It passed roughly east–west along the Tove Valley through the middle of the village, where its Helmdon station was opened.

In the 1890s a civil engineering contractor, Walter Scott and Company of Newcastle upon Tyne, built the section of the Great Central Main Line (GCML) between Woodford Halse and Brackley Central. From 1894 to 1898 Scott had a construction yard in the Tove Valley at Helmdon with a network of sidings connected to the SMJR. It was next to where the company built Helmdon Viaduct, a nine-arch structure of Staffordshire blue brick that carried the GCML main line across the valley.

The main line linked northern England with London Marylebone and opened in 1899. It ran roughly north–south through the parish, passing just west of the village. There the Great Central Railway (GCR) opened its own Helmdon station, causing some confusion with the SMJR's existing Helmdon station. In the 1920s Sulgrave Manor House, about 2+1/4 mi from Helmdon, was restored as a museum to the family of George Washington, whose ancestors held that manor from 1540 to 1659. In response the London and North Eastern Railway, which had succeeded the GCR in 1923, renamed its main line station "Helmdon for Sulgrave" from 1928.

British Railways closed the SMJR station and line in 1951, the GCML main line station in 1963 and the main line in 1966. Helmdon Viaduct survives.

Shops
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries Helmdon a dozen or more shops. By the 1930s they included a post office, three grocers, a butcher, an egg-dealer, a fruiterer, a baker, a newsagent, a tailor and a shoe repairer. Other local tradesmen included two coal merchants, a wheelwright who also made coffins, a builder who was also the parish undertaker, and even a maker of boot polish. Butchers from Brackley and Syresham delivered to customers in Helmdon, and some Helmdon traders sold their goods beyond the parish. Helmdon's last village shop was Bungalow Stores in Station Road, which closed in 2011.

Amenities
The Bell continues to trade as both a pub and an hotel. Helmdon has a nursery school for children aged 2–4 years as well as the primary school for children aged 4–11 years. There are more than 30 community groups. The village has two ponds, and a public park with play equipment and benches. Helmdon won the Northamptonshire Village of the Year competition in 1969, 1996, 1999, 2002 and 2011.

title: Helmdon


text:
Rick Bauer

Richard Edward Bauer (born January 10, 1977) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Baltimore Orioles, Texas Rangers, and Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball (MLB). He also played for the LG Twins of the KBO League.

Early life
Bauer is a 1995 graduate of Centennial High School in Boise, Idaho, and played two seasons for Treasure Valley Community College in Ontario, Oregon.

Professional career
Bauer was selected by the Baltimore Orioles in the fifth round (165th overall) of the 1997 Major League Baseball draft. He was a starting pitcher in the Orioles minor league system from 1997 through 2001, compiling a 41–39 record in 119 games (114 starts) with a 4.39 ERA in 666$2/3$ innings pitched.

Bauer made his major league debut in a start against the Seattle Mariners on September 2, 2001, a 1–0 loss in which he surrendered just one run on three hits and two walks in 6$1/3$ innings. He pitched primarily in relief for Baltimore from 2001 through 2005, appearing in 125 games (nine starts) and compiling an 8–13 record with a 4.58 ERA in 240 innings pitched.

Bauer was released by the Orioles after the 2005 season and signed a minor league contract with the Texas Rangers on November 9, 2005. He was called up to the Rangers on April 7, 2006, and remained with the team throughout the 2006 season. In 57 appearances (one start), Bauer pitched 71 innings and posted a 3–1 record with two saves and a career-best 3.55 ERA. He was not available to pitch the final week of the season because of tendinitis in his pitching shoulder.

On January 16, 2007, the Rangers avoided salary arbitration with Bauer when they signed him to a one-year, $730,000 contract. But after a poor spring training, he was designated for assignment on March 26. He was waived by the club two days later. Bauer signed a minor league deal with the Philadelphia Phillies on April 6, 2007, but was released by their International League affiliate, the Ottawa Lynx, on June 20. He signed another minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers on July 1, and spent the remainder of the season playing for their Pacific Coast League affiliate, the Las Vegas 51s.

Bauer signed a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training with the Cleveland Indians on November 30, 2007. On July 4, 2008, Bauer was designated for assignment by the Indians; he refused a minor league assignment and was released on July 10. On July 11, 2008, Bauer signed a minor league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays and became a free agent at the end of the season. In November 2008, he re-signed with the Blue Jays. However, he was released at the end of spring training on March 27.

Later years
Bauer had signed with the York Revolution in the Atlantic League for the 2009 season, but on May 13, 2009, he signed with the LG Twins in South Korea. He was released from the Twins with an injury on July 22, 2009.

On March 10, 2010, Bauer signed a minor league contract with the Colorado Rockies. On April 12, 2010, Bauer signed a contract with the Long Island Ducks of the Atlantic League. He was later released, and on July 14, signed a contract with the Lancaster Barnstormers of the Atlantic League.

On February 21, 2012, Bauer signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers, but he was released during spring training.

title: Rick Bauer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Advanced axis and allies

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was redirect to Axis and Allies. —Korath (Talk) 23:21, Mar 12, 2005 (UTC)

Advanced axis and allies
A game that is still in the design stage. Unreleased products are not encyclopedic. --Lee Hunter 00:50, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Axis and Allies.   — Gwalla | Talk 04:49, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Redirect. --Ray Radlein 05:11, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, and also redirect the correctly capitalized version of AA&A. Radiant! 13:10, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or (weak vote) redirect to Axis and Allies. I'm a gamer and an occasional A&A player, but an unreleased product is never encyclopedic (not even Microsoft Longhorn), and an "advanced" variant of a medium-popular game wouldn't have enough noteworthiness for its own article even if it existed and had a bit of its own localized subhobby popularity.  Barno 16:37, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I would prefer delete. Wikipedia ought not to be in the business of making predictions about future events.  However, I also understand the argument for redirect to keep it from reappearing.  Rossami (talk) 22:01, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect --Theo (Talk) 23:37, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Enabling Act (2005)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 16:58, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Enabling Act (2005)
I ran into this page through a link which is creator made on Enabling Act. It looks like someone is using the Wikipedia for his power struggle in some student club. Not that no page is linked to this entry. eman 00:51, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Garbage.  An article of legislation passed by a student organization is hardly notable, unless it serves as the springboard for significant legal case, or has achieved a kind of notoriety that is highly doubtful for something just enacted this year. For the sake of good taste, I deleted the final paragraph of this article, which read, in full:
 * A final message from the Fuhrer Elect
 * Ve have you by ze throat, you pig-dogs! You vill submit to ze rule of ze one-eyed axe murderer! Nnyyyeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeess!

Enough said. --BD2412 02:57, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC) The pages are also linked in a horrible way (one guys name is linked to the article on Hitler, a girls name to the article on "Dog")... Delete! And yes, there is a junkyard for interesting deleted articles somewhere. Houshuang 05:30, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * As an addendum, the subject of this article does not even appear on Google, and even the club involved only has about 500 hits. Maybe if the club had an article (it seems notable enough, having served as a pass-through for a number of UK politicians, incl. Margaret Thatcher), the current 'controversy' would rate a footnote. --BD2412 03:02, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Of course, this article contradicts Wikipedia's mission. Deletion is the correct way of handling it. However, apart from the above "message", it is quite a humourous way to vent one's anger. Do we have a graveyard for such pages? I feel it's an interesting bit of Wikipedia history. Sebastian 03:38, 2005 Feb 28 (UTC)
 * Delete this POS. The people link to crap like that too? They give Wikipedia a bad name. -- Riffsyphon1024 05:33, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete (2005). Don't students have work to do these days? sjorford →•← 10:00, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is just sad. Kbdank71 14:21, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'd hardly call William Hague a "glorious legacy", but there you go. Nick04 19:49, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Yuck. Jayjg (talk) 20:37, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Extreme kee^H^H^Hdelete. —RaD Man (talk) 02:05, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, IP-block, and send the page creator to a re-education camp.DS 13:55, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and subject the writer to the tortures suffered by Erich Muehsam who was arrested after the Reichstag Fire —ExplorerCDT 00:13, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, interesting article on a notable subgroup of the official opposition party in the world's most famous University. Overall sufficiently notable. NPOV and keep. Also rename to something less deliberately provocative. 80.255 11:05, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Vickers hardness test

The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland at Vickers Ltd as an alternative to the Brinell method to measure the hardness of materials. The Vickers test is often easier to use than other hardness tests since the required calculations are independent of the size of the indenter, and the indenter can be used for all materials irrespective of hardness. The basic principle, as with all common measures of hardness, is to observe a material's ability to resist plastic deformation from a standard source. The Vickers test can be used for all metals and has one of the widest scales among hardness tests. The unit of hardness given by the test is known as the Vickers Pyramid Number (HV) or Diamond Pyramid Hardness (DPH). The hardness number can be converted into units of pascals, but should not be confused with pressure, which uses the same units. The hardness number is determined by the load over the surface area of the indentation and not the area normal to the force, and is therefore not pressure.

Implementation

It was decided that the indenter shape should be capable of producing geometrically similar impressions, irrespective of size; the impression should have well-defined points of measurement; and the indenter should have high resistance to self-deformation. A diamond in the form of a square-based pyramid satisfied these conditions. It had been established that the ideal size of a Brinell impression was $3/8$ of the ball diameter. As two tangents to the circle at the ends of a chord 3d/8 long intersect at 136°, it was decided to use this as the included angle between plane faces of the indenter tip. This gives an angle from each face normal to the horizontal plane normal of 22° on each side. The angle was varied experimentally and it was found that the hardness value obtained on a homogeneous piece of material remained constant, irrespective of load. Accordingly, loads of various magnitudes are applied to a flat surface, depending on the hardness of the material to be measured. The HV number is then determined by the ratio F/A, where F is the force applied to the diamond in kilograms-force and A is the surface area of the resulting indentation in square millimeters.

 * $$A = \frac{d^2}{2 \sin(136^\circ/2)},$$

which can be approximated by evaluating the sine term to give,

 * $$A \approx \frac{d^2}{1.8544},$$

where d is the average length of the diagonal left by the indenter in millimeters. Hence,

 * $$\mathrm{HV} = \frac{F}{A} \approx \frac{1.8544 F}{d^2} \quad [\textrm{kgf/mm}^2]$$,

where F is in kgf and d is in millimeters.

The corresponding unit of HV is then the kilogram-force per square millimeter (kgf/mm2) or HV number. In the above equation, F could be in N and d in mm, giving HV in the SI unit of MPa. To calculate Vickers hardness number (VHN) using SI units one needs to convert the force applied from newtons to kilogram-force by dividing by 9.806 65 (standard gravity). This leads to the following equation:

 * $$\mathrm{HV} \approx {0.1891}\frac{F}{d^2} \quad [\textrm{N/mm}^2],$$

where F is in N and d is in millimeters. A common error is that the above formula to calculate the HV number does not result in a number with the unit newton per square millimeter (N/mm2), but results directly in the Vickers hardness number (usually given without units), which is in fact one kilogram-force per square millimeter (1 kgf/mm2).

Vickers hardness numbers are reported as xxxHVyy, e.g. 440HV30, or xxxHVyy/zz if duration of force differs from 10 s to 15 s, e.g. 440HV30/20, where:

 * 440 is the hardness number,
 * HV names the hardness scale (Vickers),
 * 30 indicates the load used in kgf.
 * 20 indicates the loading time if it differs from 10 s to 15 s

Precautions
When doing the hardness tests, the minimum distance between indentations and the distance from the indentation to the edge of the specimen must be taken into account to avoid interaction between the work-hardened regions and effects of the edge. These minimum distances are different for ISO 6507-1 and ASTM E384 standards.

Vickers values are generally independent of the test force: they will come out the same for 500 gf and 50 kgf, as long as the force is at least 200 gf. However, lower load indents often display a dependence of hardness on indent depth known as the indentation size effect (ISE). Small indent sizes will also have microstructure-dependent hardness values.

For thin samples indentation depth can be an issue due to substrate effects. As a rule of thumb the sample thickness should be kept greater than 2.5 times the indent diameter. Alternatively indent depth, $$t$$, can be calculated according to:
 * $$t = \frac{d_{\rm avg}}{2\sqrt{2}\tan{\frac{\theta}{2}}} \approx \frac{d_{\rm avg}}{7.0006},$$

Conversion to SI units
To convert the Vickers hardness number to SI units the hardness number in kilograms-force per square millimeter (kgf/mm2) has to be multiplied with the standard gravity, $$g_0$$, to get the hardness in MPa (N/mm2) and furthermore divided by 1000 to get the hardness in GPa.

$$\text{surface area hardness (GPa)} = \frac{g_0}{1000}HV = \frac{9.80665}{1000}HV$$

Vickers hardness can also be converted to an SI hardness based on the projected area of the indent rather than the surface area. The projected area, $$A_{\rm p}$$, is defined as the following for a Vickers indenter geometry:

$$A_{\rm p} = \frac{d_{\rm avg}^2}{2} = \frac{1.854}{2}{A_s}$$

This hardness is sometimes referred to as the mean contact area or Meyer hardness, and ideally can be directly compared with other hardness tests also defined using projected area. Care must be used when comparing other hardness tests due to various size scale factors which can impact the measured hardness.

$$\text{projected area hardness (GPa)} = \frac{g_0}{1000}\frac{2}{1.854}HV \approx \frac{HV}{94.5}$$

Estimating tensile strength
If HV is first expressed in N/mm2 (MPa), or otherwise by converting from kgf/mm2, then the tensile strength (in MPa) of the material can be approximated as $σ_{u}$ ≈ HV/$c$, where $c$ is a constant determined by yield strength, Poisson's ratio, work-hardening exponent and geometrical factors – usually ranging between 2 and 4. In other words, if HV is expressed in N/mm2 (i.e. in MPa) then the tensile strength (in MPa) ≈ HV/3. This empirical law depends variably on the work-hardening behavior of the material.

Application
The fin attachment pins and sleeves in the Convair 580 airliner were specified by the aircraft manufacturer to be hardened to a Vickers Hardness specification of 390HV5, the '5' meaning five kiloponds. However, on the aircraft flying Partnair Flight 394 the pins were later found to have been replaced with sub-standard parts, leading to rapid wear and finally loss of the aircraft. On examination, accident investigators found that the sub-standard pins had a hardness value of only some 200–230HV5.

title: Vickers hardness test


text:
File:Rosenberg 6clusters human popluations.png

I made it de novo (excel & photoshop) using supplemental data from Rosenberg, N. A. et al. (2002). Genetic structure of human populations. Science 298, 2381–2385, modelled on presentation in Figure 1


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Remember Me (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

"Remember Me" is the 79th episode of the syndicated American science-fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the fifth episode of the fourth season.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. This episode focuses on the ship's chief medical officer, Dr. Beverly Crusher (Gates McFadden), who notices that her friends—and every trace of them—are vanishing around her.

Plot
The USS Enterprise docks at Starbase 133, where Dr. Beverly Crusher (McFadden) greets her elderly friend and mentor, Dr. Dalen Quaice (Bill Erwin). After taking him to his quarters, discussing the loss of old friends, Dr. Crusher visits her son Ensign Wesley Crusher (Wil Wheaton) in Engineering. Wesley attempts to create a static warp bubble, but the experiment appears to fail. As the Enterprise leaves Starbase, Dr. Crusher finds that Dr. Quaice is missing, with no record of him coming aboard the ship. As she performs a medical test on transporter chief O'Brien (Colm Meaney), she realizes that her medical staff is missing; further investigation and discussion with the crew show that she has always worked alone in sick bay.

Dr. Crusher continues to try to track down the disappearing people and finds more and more crew members that she remembers being completely unknown to the crew or the computer. At one point, a vortex appears near Dr. Crusher and attempts to pull her in, but she is able to hold on to a fixture until it dissipates; the ship shows no record of the vortex's appearance when she investigates. Eventually, no one but Captain Picard (Patrick Stewart) and herself remain on the ship, but Picard believes that the situation is normal. Dr. Crusher orders the computer to give Picard's vital signs over the ship's speakers so she knows he is still there, but shortly thereafter, even he disappears. Then, the vortex reappears, and once again tries to claim Beverly. She is blown across the bridge, but she manages to hang onto Lieutenant Commander Data's (Brent Spiner) chair until the vortex disappears.

At this point, the viewer is shown the actual Enterprise, where Wesley had successfully created the warp bubble, accidentally trapping his mother within it. With the warp bubble collapsing rapidly, Wesley's fears lead the Traveler (Eric Menyuk) to appear and help Wesley attempt to stabilize the bubble. The Traveler recommends the Enterprise return to the Starbase, where the warp bubble was formed and may be more stable.

Within the warp bubble, Dr. Crusher attempts to direct the Enterprise to the home planet of the Traveler, but soon finds the ship is unable to set that destination, as it no longer exists. More of the universe she knows disappears, soon leaving only the Enterprise. She recognizes the shape as being that of Wesley's warp bubbles, and determines that she is trapped, the earlier vortex being the Enterprise crew's first attempt to save her. As the warp bubble shrinks, erasing parts of the Enterprise, she races for Engineering, the center of the warp bubble, and finds a vortex waiting there. She jumps in at the last moment, finding herself back in Engineering along with Picard, Wesley, Geordi La Forge (LeVar Burton), and the Traveler. She embraces her son and obtains confirmation from Picard that the Enterprise's population (1,014 at the time, including her guest Dr. Quaice) is the correct number.

Reception
Io9 rated "Remember Me" as the 78th-best episode of Star Trek in 2014.

In 2021, Screen Rant said this was an instance of a Star Trek episode exploring fear of being alone.

Home video
"Remember Me" was released in the United States on September 3, 2002, as part of the Star Trek: The Next Generation season four DVD box set.


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Centro Médico metro station

Centro Médico (Estación Centro Médico) is an underground metro station on the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Cuauhtémoc borough of Mexico City. It is a transfer station for both Lines 3 and 9.

General information
The station logo represents the caduceus, a variant of the Rod of Aesculapius, the Greek god of medicine. Its name refers to the Centro Médico Siglo XXI general hospital, located above the metro station. The station opened along Line 3 on 7 June 1980 when Centro Médico served briefly as the southern terminus of that line. Line 3 service then extended further southward toward Zapata a year later by 25 August 1980. The Centro Médico Siglo XXI was almost destroyed by the 1985 earthquake. The station served as the western terminus of Line 9 (which went east towards Pantitlán) starting on 26 August 1987. Westward service on Line 9 toward Tacubaya started a year later on 29 August 1988.

The station is directly connected to the main entrance of Centro Médico by a set of escalators. This metro station has facilities for the handicapped, a cultural display, and an information desk.

Centro Médico serves the Roma Sur, Doctores and Buenos Aires neighbourhoods. It is located at the intersection of Avenida Cuauhtemoc and Eje 3 Sur Baja California, just a block north of Viaducto Miguel Alemán, an important east-west highway. The southern exits at the Line 3 end of the station are close to the historic Panteón Francés (French Cemetery) in which important civil and military Mexican figures are buried.

title: Centro Médico metro station


text: Category:Hungarian architects

title: Category:Hungarian architects


text:
Celador

CPL Productions (formerly Celador) is an independent television and radio production company run by Danielle Lux, Murray Boland and Janet Oakes. It was formed in the United Kingdom in 1981 as an independent television production company. It created and produced a number of popular light entertainment shows and is best known for the TV format Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? and the film Slumdog Millionaire which, in 2009, collected seven BAFTAs, four Golden Globes and eight Oscars including Best Director and Best Picture.

The name Celador is a re-spelling of "cellar door", a phrase whose sound is often noted to be particularly euphonious.

History
Formerly known as Celador, the company was founded by Paul Smith and included Jasper Carrott as one of its founder shareholders. After establishing itself as a leading UK production company it expanded into TV format licensing, film production and radio station ownership and operation. By 2006, Celador was owned by Complete Communications Corporation, a firm which Smith (who owned 18%) wanted to break up so he could concentrate on radio and film production. Managing director and former 1990s Top of the Pops presenter Adrian Woolfe wanted to buy the television division outright as part of a management buyout with Danielle Lux, but this was split into parts with Lux completing the buy-out of Celador Productions without Woolfe and the rights to Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. In 2009, Celador Productions re-named to CPL, before becoming a division of ProSieben's Seven.One Studios in 2012 (formerly Red Arrow Studios).

Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
Celador International and the rights and associated properties of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? were acquired by Dutch group 2waytraffic, eventually becoming part of Sony Pictures Television. In 2004, Celador commenced legal action against The Walt Disney Company for what it claimed were unpaid profits from the American version of the programme, licensed by Disney for its ABC TV channel. At a jury trial in Los Angeles in June 2010, Celador was awarded $269m (£177m) in damages after the jury ruled that it failed to receive a fair share of profits.

CPL Productions
As of 2022, CPL Productions is making a new version of You Are What You Eat with Trisha Goddard and Amir Khan for Channel 5 and has teamed up with the Ranga Bee production company to make a six-part comedy series, written and created by Romesh Ranganathan and Benjamin Green for BBC Studios, called Avoidance.

Television

 * Hold the Front Page
 * Britain's Greatest Obsessions
 * Life and Rhymes
 * Quizness
 * Rob & Romesh Vs.
 * Trip Hazard
 * 90 Day Fiance UK
 * Brief Encounters
 * Ellie & Natasia
 * High Strangeness
 * Love is Blind (UK Version)
 * Avoidance (co-production with Ranga Bee)
 * Married at First Sight (UK version)
 * You Are What You Eat (Channel 5 version)
 * A League of Their Own (British game show) (Sky TV)

Radio

 * Gossip and Goddesses with Granny Kumar
 * Hennikay
 * Influencers
 * Ruby Wax Talking Human
 * Scrambled EGG

Television

 * All About Me
 * Britain's Brainiest Kid (format now owned by Sony Pictures Television)
 * Canned Carrott (as well as many other stand up shows with Jasper Carrott)
 * Commercial Breakdown (originally called Carrott's Commercial Breakdown)
 * The Detectives (with Jasper Carrott)
 * Everybody's Equal
 * The Hypnotic World of Paul McKenna
 * It's Been a Bad Week
 * The People Versus
 * Richard Digance's Greatest Bits
 * Talking Telephone Numbers
 * Turn Back Your Body Clock
 * Wayne Dobson Close-up
 * Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (format now owned by Sony Pictures Television)
 * Winning Lines
 * You Are What You Eat (Channel 4 version)

Films

 * Dirty Pretty Things (2002) directed by Stephen Frears and starring Audrey Tautou and Chiwetel Ejiofor
 * Separate Lies (2005) written and directed by Julian Fellowes and starring Emily Watson, Tom Wilkinson and Rupert Everett
 * The Descent (2006) directed by Neil Marshall and starring Shauna Macdonald, Natalie Mendoza, Alex Reid, Saskia Mulder, Nora-Jane Noone and MyAnna Buring
 * Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
 * The Descent Part 2 (2009)
 * The Scouting Book for Boys (2010)
 * Centurion (2010)

Celador Radio
Celador previously owned twenty-seven UK commercial radio stations including The Breeze and Sam FM networks and Fire Radio. In January 2017 Celador Radio acquired Anglian Radio's five stations (North Norfolk Radio, Radio Norwich, The Beach, Town 102 and Dream 100) which broadcast across the Anglian region. In 2019 Celador Radio disposed of its entire radio division to Bauer Media.

The final portfolio comprised the following radio stations, which were sold to Bauer Radio in February 2019.

The Breeze Network

 * The Breeze (Andover)
 * The Breeze (Bristol)
 * The Breeze (Basingstoke & North Hampshire)
 * The Breeze (Bath)
 * The Breeze (Bridgwater & West Somerset)
 * The Breeze (Cheltenham & North Gloucestershire)
 * The Breeze (East Hampshire & South West Surrey)
 * The Breeze (Frome & West Wiltshire)
 * The Breeze (Newbury)
 * The Breeze (North Dorset)
 * The Breeze (North Somerset)
 * The Breeze (Portsmouth)
 * The Breeze (Reading)
 * The Breeze (Southampton)
 * The Breeze (South Devon)
 * The Breeze (Winchester)
 * The Breeze (Yeovil & South Somerset)

Sam FM Stations

 * Sam FM (Bristol)
 * Sam FM (South Coast)
 * Sam FM (Swindon)
 * Sam FM (Thames Valley)

Anglian Radio Network

 * Dream 100 FM (Colchester)
 * Town 102 (Ipswich)
 * The Beach (Great Yarmouth/Lowestoft)

 * North Norfolk Radio (Cromer/Sheringham)
 * Radio Norwich 99.9 (Norwich)

Other stations

 * Fire Radio (Bournemouth and Poole)

People
Paul Smith is chairman of Celador Entertainment Limited which is the parent company for Celador Films, Celador Radio, Celador Theatrical and Lusam Music.

Ellis Watson was the CEO until 2003. Following the new structure of Celador's previous constituent divisions, Celador Productions, (renamed CPL Productions) is now run by managing director (since 2003) Danielle Lux. Christian Colson left Celador Films as Managing Director in 2009 to form Cloud Nine Films, now renamed Cloud Eight Films.

In the last few years, former managing director Adrian Woolfe has teamed up with Claudia Rosencrantz, the person who commissioned Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? originally at ITV, to launch the Studio 1 production company and an entertainment news network called LIT,   which has been available to stream via Peacock since January 2021.

title: Celador


text:
Polebrook

Polebrook is a village in Northamptonshire, England. The population (including Armston) at the 2011 census was 478.

History
There is evidence that Polebrook as a settlement dates back to 400 BC, where the village consisted of many farms. The farms were mainly centred on the modern day village of Ashton. Polebrook is called Pochebroc in the Domesday Book, and was the centre of a large administrative area (the Polebrook hundred).

There may have been a wooden church on the site of the current 12th century stone Church of All Saints. Thomas de Thelwall, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster was the parish priest of Polebrook in the 1360s.

RAF Polebrook was a little southeast of the village during the Second World War from 1941 to 1945. The USAAF 351st Bomber Group was stationed at the airfield from 15 April 1943 to 23 June 1945, and the U.S. flag hangs as a memorial to the men, along with a roll of honour in the church. The airfield is now disused, but remains a rich part of Polebrook culture; there is a memorial chapel in Polebrook Church. The base was used as a site for Thor missiles in the 1950s.

For some time during the war Clark Gable was stationed at Polebrook and at RAF Marston Moor near Wetherby. He made morale-boosting visits locally during his time there, an example being Marco in Grantham – a picture appears on the Manthorpe News website.

title: Polebrook


text:
Napster (streaming service)

Napster is a music streaming service based in Seattle, Washington, United States. Until 2016, the service was known domestically as Rhapsody before rebranding as Napster, the same name brand that was used by Roxio's Napster.

Napster started as an audio search engine named Aladdin that was purchased by Listen.com in May 2001 and became the basis for its new streaming service, called Rhapsody, that launched in December of the same year. Based on the Open Music Model principles, Rhapsody was the first streaming on-demand music subscription service to offer unlimited access to a large library of digital music for a flat monthly fee. In August 2003, internet media behemoth RealNetworks, anticipating the launch of Apple's iTunes Store, acquired Rhapsody. On April 6, 2010, Rhapsody relaunched as a standalone company, separate from former parent RealNetworks. On August 25, 2020, Rhapsody International and the Napster name were sold to virtual reality concerts company MelodyVR for $70 million, which renamed itself Napster Group PLC following the takeover. On May 10, 2022, Napster was sold to Hivemind and Algorand.

Early days
In 1999, Tim Bratton, J.P. Lester, Sylvain Rebaud, Alexandre Brouaux, Nick Sincaglia and Dave Lampton were working on a new streaming audio engine. This engine was commercially deployed in the TuneTo.com customized radio service, and was also used in their "celestial jukebox" prototype, called Aladdin.

Rhapsody
In April 2001, TuneTo.com was acquired by Listen.com, a startup founded in San Francisco by author and entrepreneur Rob Reid, that had built a large online music directory. Aladdin was transformed into the Rhapsody music service during the summer and fall of 2001 and was launched on December 3, 2001.

Rhapsody was the first streaming on-demand music subscription service to offer unlimited access to a large library of digital music for a flat monthly fee, a concept advocated by business theories such as the Open Music Model. At launch, Rhapsody's library was formed of content mostly from Naxos Records and several independent labels. Over the next several months of 2002, they secured licenses from EMI, BMG, Warner Bros. Records, and Sony to add their music to the service. In July 2002, Rhapsody added Universal Records to their catalog, signing the last of the five major record labels of the time.

RealNetworks announced plans to acquire Listen.com on April 21, 2003, one week before the launch of the iTunes Music Store on April 28, 2003. The transaction closed on August 3, 2003. The Rhapsody service was briefly known as RealRhapsody shortly after the acquisition, but was since shortened back to "Rhapsody".

By 2004, some blogs providing sharing of playlists with comments, with names such as "Rhapsody Radish". In late 2007, Music On the Go (MOG) partnered with Rhapsody to allow Rhapsody subscribers to access all of Rhapsody's content through MOG. In August 2007, RealNetworks formed a joint venture with Paramount's music broadcast network MTV named Rhapsody America. The underpinning software running the service would come from MTV's Urge, a discontinued music service MTV developed in partnership with Microsoft.

Spinoff
In February 2010, RealNetworks announced their intention to restructure Rhapsody into a fully independent business. Recent problems with the online music subscription service prompted the CEO to make "crucial decisions and think some things through". During this period, dropping the subscription service was considered, but he felt it wasn't the right decision at the time. Instead, the whole Rhapsody team thought of ways to revamp the struggling company and in turn dropped RealNetworks as parent of the company. This was a very risky decision, as the company needed the support, but gained the support of MTV Networks and Viacom, and other independent companies. Since independence, Rhapsody has started the revamping process with a new logo and subscription price changes. As of January 2011, Rhapsody president Jon Irwin told Reuters the on-demand subscription music service had more than 750,000 subscribers, having added more than 100,000 since becoming an independent company. At that date Rhapsody had a catalog of 11,000,000 songs.

On August 3, 2011, Rhapsody announced that from two months they would no longer re-license DRMed music bought before three years.

On October 3, 2011, Rhapsody announced plans to acquire Napster with the deal to be completed by November.

On May 6, 2014, Rhapsody announced its parent company made its first outside investment and led a Series B round for Dubset Media, the operator of streaming music site Thefuture.fm. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.

On April 21, 2016, Rhapsody named its first CEO, Mike Davis. Davis is the first CEO of Rhapsody International, which is the parent company to both Rhapsody and Napster.

Napster rebranding
On July 14, 2016, Rhapsody phased out the Rhapsody brand in favor of Napster and has since branded its service internationally as Napster.

Acquisition by MelodyVR
On August 25, 2020, Napster was sold to virtual reality concerts company MelodyVR.

Acquisition by Algorand
On May 10, 2022, Napster was sold to the blockchain company Algorand and the crypto-focused investment firm Hivemind. Following the sale, Emmy Lovell was announced as CEO of Napster.

On June 8, 2022, Napster released a new version of its music streaming app with refreshed branding.

On March 9, 2023, the UK trading entity Napster Music Limited entered liquidation following a winding up notice from HMRC

Rhapsody MP3
In addition to its subscription service, Rhapsody used to sell 256 kbit/s constant bit rate MP3s individually, Rhapsody has since canceled the sales of downloadable songs to focus on its core streaming service.

Rhapsody software
The Rhapsody Music Software, was a free program to help organize music collections, and synchronize them in MP3 portable media players (PMP) with the Rhapsody subscription service. It competed with Apple Inc.'s iTunes software. , the latest version of the software is Rhapsody 4. Rhapsody 5 was delayed because the Rhapsody product team felt the company's future success would be in mobile apps and started working on apps for iOS (iPhone), Android, BlackBerry OS, and Verizon Wireless's app store, all of which were deployed as of 2011. Following the launch of the mobile apps Rhapsody Music Software was discontinued.

DRM
As of 2012, downloaded files come with restrictions on their use, enforced by Helix, Rhapsody's version of digital rights management enforced on AAC+ or WMA files.

title: Napster (streaming service)