text:
Little Black Book

Little Black Book may refer to:

 * An address book, particularly one containing the names of past or potential romantic or sexual partners
 * Little Black Book, an annual feature of the Tatler, a British magazine
 * Little Black Book, Elrey Borge Jeppesen's book in which he wrote notes to help early aviators find their way
 * Little Black Book (film), a 2004 comedy film
 * "Little Black Book" (song), by Belinda Carlisle
 * "Little Black Book", a 1962 song by Jimmy Dean
 * "The Little Black Book: Part 1" and "Part 2", a 1968 two-part episode of Get Smart

title: Little Black Book


text:
Talk:Total harmonic distortion

Removing my own edits since they are apparently not the standard:

\mbox{THD} = {\sum{\mbox{harmonic powers}} \over \sum{\mbox{harmonic powers}} + \mbox{fundamental frequency power}} $$
 * $$= {\sqrt{V_2^2 + V_3^2 + V_4^2 + \cdots + V_n^2} \over \sqrt{V_1^2 + V_2^2 + V_3^2 + \cdots + V_n^2}}

$$

FFT
I am going to try to figure out how to calculate this from the FFT. If anyone knows already, please add it. - Omegatron 20:58, Apr 29, 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism?
I reverted the edit by anonymous User:129.97.174.43, all of whose other 6-7 August 2005 edits were vandalism. Please vet my action. --Wetman 02:58, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Clarifications
I think that THD can be defined for current THD_i, for voltage THD_v and other signals as well. Maybe this should be pointed out. I had the (misconception?) that THD is a general quantity that describes how well a load is matched in a circuit, and I thought that it is not neccesary to point out if it is THD_v, THD_i or even THD_p.

Also I would like to see specialized formulas for calculating THD_i when i(t) is known. This requires Fourier analysis.

Calculation based on Fourier series components
I'm not sure if the following rewrite of the THD-definition is 100% correct, so please add it if you also believe so:

\mbox{THD} = {I_{\mbox{distortion,rms}} \over I_{1,\mbox{rms}}} = { \sqrt{ I_{\mbox{rms}}  - I_{1,\mbox{rms}}  } \over  I_{1,\mbox{rms}} } $$

(A try to) proof:

Parsevals theorem

{1 \over T} \int_0^T|i(t)|^2 \, dt = \sum^\infty_{n=1} |I_n|^2 $$

\Downarrow $$

\sqrt{{1 \over T} \int_0^T|i(t)|^2 \, dt } = \sqrt{ \sum^\infty_{n=1} |I_n|^2} $$

\Downarrow $$

I_\mbox{rms} = \sqrt{I_1^2 + I_2^2 + \cdots + I_n^2} $$

and taking away the fundamental:

I_{\mbox{distortion,rms}} = \sqrt{I_2^2 + \cdots + I_n^2} $$

 * Is the I for current or intensity? — Omegatron 20:38, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

More here — Omegatron 19:32, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Wrong definition
I didn't found any source - even the ones mentioned by the page on wikipedia - where the THD is defined without the square root. The right definition is this and it doesn't lead to any ambiguity.

\mbox{THD} = \sqrt {\mbox{Power in distortion} \over \mbox{Power in fundamental}} = \sqrt {\sum{\mbox{harmonic powers}} \over \mbox{fundamental frequency power}} $$ This, using the Parseval's theorem is equal to
 * $$\mbox{THD} = {\sqrt{V_2^2 + V_3^2 + V_4^2 + \cdots + V_n^2} \over V_1}

$$

I still think the definition is incorrect when it comes to current or voltage. Am I reading the wiki article incorrectly? Below is a direction quote from IEEE 519.

distortion factor (harmonic factor): The ratio of the root-mean-square of the harmonic content to the root-mean- square value of the fundamental quantity, expressed as a percent of the fundamental.

144.232.185.94 (talk) 20:42, 4 November 2008 (UTC)an engineer

The article was originally a dump of Federal Standard 1037C, which does in fact define it as a power ratio. If you're working in dB and following the rules of dB, it works out to the same thing. It does not work out the same if you're working in percent, though:

For instance, if the fundamental is 10 Vrms, while the harmonic content is 1 Vrms, and the load is 1 ohm, the power of the fundamental is then 10^2/1 = 100 W, and the power of the harmonic content is 1^2/1 = 1 W. The THD can then be calculated in decibels from either the power or voltage measurements:
 * power ratio: 10*log10(1/100) = -20 dB
 * voltage ratio: 10*log10(1^2/10^2) = 20*log10(1/10) = 20*log10(sqrt(1^2)/sqrt(10^2)) = -20 dB

However, if you calculate in percent directly from the ratio, it doesn't work:
 * power ratio: 1/100 = 1%
 * voltage ratio: 1/10 = 10%

I'm not sure how to make this clear in the article. 71.167.68.30 (talk) 16:36, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

Error in formula?
When measuring THD with B & K, Rohde & Schwarts the maximum distortion is 100%, with this definition it can go above 100% (if fundamental is lower than harmonics). We use the Vrms of harmonics, and divide by Vrms of all the signal. This way we get the same as professional equipment. Maybe someone can find a source for this formula? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 211.33.42.133 (talk) 05:51, 18 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Fixed. There are actually 2 definitions,  THDF and THDR.  Added references for both. 71.167.68.30 (talk) 16:47, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

Also the common THD% is 100*THD. There is a discussion on Hydrogenaudio about the whole question. --Mercurio81 07:43, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

THD+N includes IMD?
Under the THD+N heading it is stated "This measurement includes effects from intermodulation distortion, interference, and so on, instead of just harmonic distortion." The link to IMD then states that it is a measurement of signals that are non harmonic to the fundamental. This is very confusing and incorrect at worst and should be removed unless a source can be cited.10 Bit Garbage (talk) 03:14, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

 * This is correct. THD+N includes everything other than the fundamental, which means intermodulation products, interference, etc.  THD without N would only measure harmonics.  If you think it is confusing, please try to reword it.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.167.69.82 (talk) 23:28, 17 July 2009 (UTC)

how much distortion is audible? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.167.68.198 (talk) 05:35, 23 November 2009 (UTC)

Non-audio THD
This page describes THD as used in audio testing, but it is also used heavily in power engineering. I would suggest separating the page into a definition part (which should be mostly consistent across all fields), and two application sections (audio, power), adding more if any other field uses it. I don't really know enough to write either of those sections though, so it would be helpful if someone could at least point me to some useful refs. GyroMagician (talk) 08:40, 9 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree. THD is integral to the design of ballasts in lighting fixtures and lighting systems in general, which I have to deal with on a regular basis.  This article does nothing to indicate how THD affects fluorescent lighting and things of that nature. 68.143.90.26 (talk) 14:51, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

The animation is distracting and irrelevant
The animation ("An animation illustrating harmonic summing") is not relevant enough to this article, I find it confusing. It would be better to have some simple diagram illustrating the fundamental VERSUS the harmonics.--mcld (talk) 13:22, 27 June 2011 (UTC)

Merging THD analyzer
Someone suggested merging THD analyzer into this article.

 * Oppose. Both articles can be reasonably sized. There are many who would be interested in this article but are not interested in the internal workings of a THD analyzer. Glrx (talk) 22:01, 21 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Support. The combined length of the merged article won't be excessive, and it's (IMO) quite likely that readers will be interested both in the mathematical basis of the measurement and the practical devices used to perform it. Tevildo (talk) 20:24, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose These are related but separate topics. Total harmonic distortion is a unit of measurement and THD analyzer is a piece of Electronic test equipment for measuring total harmonic distortion. -—Kvng 13:53, 21 December 2012 (UTC)

The merge proposal has been withdrawn by. ~KvnG 22:24, 2 December 2013 (UTC)

THD as defined by ratio of power/power (P/P), or Voltage/Voltage (V/V) or other.
The first paragraph states that THD is a ratio of power to power - The first formula(s) contradict this by computing voltage to voltage ratios - In my work in Television/Radio/Consulting if no units are given the assumption is (P/P) for audio devices unless different units are given - Since THD has no dimension (P/P) or (V/V) cannot be deduced - The units of the ratio should be stated clearly in this work - (V/V) ratios are simpler to measure in audio equipment since power at a given frequency is a product of voltage and current corrected for the angle between the two vectors - This is something that microprocessor based THD analyzers can do but nothing like this was available in my time. References: Electric Circuits, 2nd Edition, James W. Nilsson, Addison-Wesley Series in Electrical Engineering, June 1987 and who can overlook Horowitz and Hill's The Art of Electronics (currently on loan to an EE Major). RFRules (talk) 02:04, 28 January 2014 (UTC)

 * See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Total_harmonic_distortion#Wrong_definition — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.167.68.173 (talk) 03:55, 26 March 2014 (UTC)

What is Re
The quantity Re is used in connection with passing waves through a Butterworth filter but is not defined. Anyone know what this means? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.114.30.41 (talk) 13:49, 8 September 2014 (UTC)

 * Real part of a complex number. Glrx (talk) 19:16, 9 September 2014 (UTC)

THD+N and SINAD
I corrected the last paragraph of THD+N. But that removed an important reference, so I quote the previous text:

"For a given input frequency and amplitude, THD+N is equal to SINAD, provided that both measurements are made over the same bandwidth. "

Frlara (talk) 21:45, 4 December 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Total harmonic distortion


text: User talk:66.67.218.44

title: User talk:66.67.218.44


text:
Talk:Don Nelson

Untitled
This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/Don Nelson. The consensus was to keep it. dbenbenn | talk 22:44, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Don Nelson
Anybody got some info about the artist? Don Nelson ? > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternal_Sunshine_of_the_Spotless_Mind_(soundtrack) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.250.214.96 (talk) 14:55, 16 March 2009 (UTC)

Coaches don't get medals Wfredmason (talk) 22:11, 2 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Removed, thanks. Zagal e jo^^^ 00:35, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Don Nelson


text:
User:Mich Church

Sock puppet created to impersonate User:Mike Church.

title: User:Mich Church


text:
Seize the Day (novel)

Seize the Day, first published in 1956, is Saul Bellow's fourth book, containing the title novella, three short stories, and a one-act play. A review in The New Republic stated that the volume contained "at least three brilliant stories", and concluded, "Altogether, Bellow seems more suited by temperament and ability than any writer or his generation to create for America 'the untreated conscience' of modern man." The book was a finalist for the 1957 National Book Award for Fiction.

The title novella was adapted into the 1986 film of the same name.

Synopsis
The title story centers on a day in the life of Wilhelm Adler (a.k.a. Tommy Wilhelm), a failed actor in his forties. He is poor, unemployed and separated from his wife (who refuses to agree to a divorce). He is also estranged from his children and his father, a highly regarded former doctor who lives in the same Broadway building. Wilhelm is immature and lacks insight, which has brought him to failure. In "Seize the Day", Wilhelm experiences a day of reckoning as he is forced to examine his life and to accept the "burden of self".

title: Seize the Day (novel)


text: User talk:128.143.167.170

title: User talk:128.143.167.170


text:
USS Cassin (DD-43)

The first USS Cassin (DD-43) was the lead ship of Cassin-class destroyers in the United States Navy during World War I. She was later transferred to the United States Coast Guard, where she was designated CG-1. She was named for Stephen Cassin.

Construction
Cassin's keel was laid down on 1 May 1912, by Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine, who later launched her on 20 May 1913. She was sponsored by nine year old Miss Helen Cassin Carusi (later known as Helen Lombard, Stephen Cassin's great granddaughter; who would later sponsor the second USS Cassin (DD-372) in 1935. Commissioned on 9 August 1913 with Lieutenant Commander Harris Laning in command, she reported to the Atlantic Torpedo Flotilla.

Pre-World War I
From her arrival at Key West, Florida, from 5 December 1913 – 16 June 1914, Cassin sailed with the 6th Division in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico in fleet maneuvers and exercises. On 19 May 1914, she sailed to the rescue of SS Atlantis, wrecked north of Tampico, Mexico. Taking the stricken ship's passengers on board, she landed them at Tampico. After overhaul, Cassin operated along the east coast from 21 October 1914 to 27 January 1915, when she returned to the Caribbean for winter maneuvers.

World War I
Operations along the east coast on Neutrality patrol and drills and surveillance patrol in the Caribbean were Cassin's employment until April 1917, when she was immediately prepared for overseas deployment. She arrived at Queenstown, Ireland on 17 May, and began operations which called for her to rendezvous with American troop convoys at sea and escort them to ports in England and France. On 15 October, she sighted the German submarine SM U-61 about 20 nmi south of Mine Head Lighthouse, Monagoush, County Waterford, Ireland, and pursued her. At 13:30, Cassin was struck on her port stern by a torpedo.

According to the report issued by the Secretary of the Navy, the torpedo would have missed the Cassin entirely, except it breached the surface of the water on two occasions and turned to the left each time. The torpedo struck above the water line, and ignited several depth charges.

Gunner's Mate First Class Osmond Ingram was killed. When he saw the approaching torpedo, he ran to where the depth charges were and began throwing them overboard. He was killed in the explosion. For his actions, he received a posthumous Medal of Honor. Nine other men received minor wounds, but miraculously, though there were more than 20 men sleeping in compartments that were completely destroyed by the torpedo, no one else was killed. In fact, Fireman First Class F. W. Kruse is reported to have wandered out of his living compartment while completely unconscious after having had 84 in of frame blown away immediately adjacent to his bunk. One other casualty is attributed to the action, in that Dr. Dudley Walton Queen was seized with cerebrospinal meningitis caused by exposure to the elements, and died four days later on 19 October.

Cassin, her rudder blown off and stern extensively damaged, began to circle. This did not prevent her, however, from firing four rounds at the submarine when she spotted its conning tower at 1430. The submarine, thus discouraged from further attack, submerged and was not contacted again. Through the night, Cassin was guarded by the American destroyer USS Porter (DD-59) and the British sloop HMS Jessamine and HMS Tamarisk, a disguised sloop under Captain Ronald Niel Stuart. In the morning, HMS Snowdrop (1915) took Cassin in tow for Queenstown. After repairs there and at Newport, England, Cassin returned to escort duty on 2 July 1918.

Inter-war period
Cassin's war service was honored on 12–13 December, when she was chosen as one of the escorts for SS George Washington, carrying President Woodrow Wilson into Brest, France, for his attendance at the Versailles Peace Conference. Cassin returned to Boston, Massachusetts, on 3 January 1919.

After winter maneuvers in the Caribbean, Cassin cleared New York City on 1 May for the Azores, where she took station guarding the route of the Navy's historic transatlantic NC-4 flight. She returned to Boston, Massachusetts, for repairs, then sailed on to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she was placed in reserve on 18 June for more extensive repairs. Reactivated at Charleston, South Carolina, on 14 February 1921, Cassin joined Destroyer Flotilla 5 for operations along the New England coast until 11 October, when she returned to Charleston. Returning to Philadelphia on 29 March 1922, she was decommissioned there on 7 June.

Transferred to the Treasury Department on 28 April 1924 for service in Coast Guard. Redesignated CG-1 on 7 June 1924, she was commissioned on 30 August and arrived in Bath, Maine for repairs on 11 September. Repairs were completed on 15 October 1924 and she was homeported in New London, Connecticut, as part of the Rum Patrol. On 1 Jun 1930, Cassin was transferred to Division 3, Destroyer Force, serving as the flagship. On 27 May 1933, she arrived at Philadelphia Navy Yard, where she was decommissioned on 5 June 1933.

Fate
Cassin was returned to naval custody on 30 June 1933; lost her name on 1 November 1933; struck off on 5 July 1934; and sold for scrap on 22 August 1934.

The ship's bell is mounted outside the Harrison County Courthouse, in Cynthiana, Kentucky. An accompanying stone marker recognizes both the first and second USS Cassin and is dedicated to those killed during the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941.

title: USS Cassin (DD-43)


text:
Summer Sisters

Summer Sisters (ISBN 0-385-32405-7) is a 1998 novel by Judy Blume. It focuses on the life of two fictional characters, the girls Victoria Leonard (Vix) and Caitlin Somers.

Because of its heavy sexual content, this Blume novel is aimed squarely at an adult audience, not her tween audience for which she gained popularity.

Plot introduction
Summer Sisters is a coming-of-age novel about two friends, Caitlin Somers and Victoria "Vix" Leonard, who spend every summer together as teenagers. The girls are polar opposites, Caitlin being beautiful, lively and popular while Vix is a shy but intellectual wallflower. As the years progress the girls become closer and closer but soon find their friendship strained.

Plot summary
The novel begins with a phone call from Caitlin to Vix. Caitlin calls to tell Vix that she is marrying Vix's ex-boyfriend and first love, Bru. Vix is shocked and becomes sick with the news.

Flashback: Now the reader learns of Vix's family and the first encounter with Caitlin. Vix's home life consists of her controlling mother, Tawny, an average-joe father, and three younger siblings, Lanie, Lewis, and Vix's favorite: her wheelchair-using brother Nathan. Tawny works for a Countess and is always making Vix feel as though she is not good enough. Then Vix meets Caitlin in her sixth-grade class, and Caitlin invites Vix to come to Martha's Vineyard with her for the summer. This is when Vix's whole world is turned upside down.

After much debate, Vix convinces Tawny and her father to let her go with Caitlin. Vix flies out East from her New Mexico ranch and meets Caitlin's family: her laid-back father, Lambert "Lamb" Somers, her brother "Sharkey", and Trisha, an ex-girlfriend of Lamb's who is still close with him but has recently been replaced by Abby, a woman who means well but whom Caitlin dislikes. Abby's son, Daniel, and his friend, Gus, also vacation with Caitlin's family. This section of the book focuses on the mishaps and adventures that the kids go through, including Vix and Caitlin and their crushes on two older boys, Joseph "Bru" Brudegher and his cousin, Von.

When the summer ends, Caitlin and Vix remain friends and continue to attend school together. They make it a tradition for Vix to spend every summer with Caitlin from then on, hence the "Summer Sisters." Eventually, Vix hooks up with Bru and Caitlin with Von. Then Vix makes out with Von while high. She thinks that Caitlin set up the whole scenario and they get into a huge argument. Just prior to her senior year of high school, Vix's beloved brother Nathan succumbs to his physical disabilities and dies as a result, leaving Vix devastated. Vix's younger sister, Lanie, becomes pregnant and has her first child, and Lewis joins the military. As the girls mature, they encounter their first heterosexual experiences (Caitlin with an Italian ski-instructor, then Von, supposedly) and Vix's in-depth and long-term relationship with Bru, which continues into her college years when she attends Harvard on a scholarship from The Somers Foundation. Caitlin is accepted to Wellesley College but chooses not to attend and travels abroad.

Vix goes to Harvard while still remaining in a relationship with Bru. She makes new friends, most notably Maia, her uptight roommate whose worrisome ways begin to grow on Vix, but they become close. However, things turn sour when Vix realizes she doesn't know what she wants in life and she and Bru temporarily break up during her Junior year of college. A few months later, a passionate meeting leads to their renewed faithfulness, but all's well does not end well. Just before graduation, Bru asks Vix to marry him, but she says no after realizing that they do not want the same things in life. Vix misses Bru, but moves on and casually dates other people, whilst Caitlin has numerous hetero and homosexual escapades in Europe. The girls keep in loose contact over the years, each becoming busy with her own life until the fateful day when Caitlin makes that phone call and tells Vix about her upcoming nuptials to Bru.

Caitlin invites Vix to the wedding, and she decides to go, only to end up sleeping with Bru the night before. Then, Vix discovers that Bru took not only her virginity but Caitlin's as well. As Bru thinks in the book, "he loves them both... he is glad they have decided for him [who he will be with.]" Caitlin and Bru get married nonetheless, and Caitlin has a daughter, Somers Mayhew Brudegher, whom they call "Maizie". Vix, meanwhile, reconnects with Abby's son Daniel's friend Gus, whom she spent all those summers with years ago at the vineyard. She and Gus slowly fall in love and eventually get married as well. In the final chapters, Vix visits Caitlin again after Caitlin has a breakdown and leaves her family, her marriage to Bru ending in divorce and Bru marrying Star, a local islander. Vix is pregnant with her first child at this time, a baby boy to be named Nate in honor of her late brother. Caitlin and Vix's meeting is relaxed and the two end up pledging to be best friends forever with each one truly grateful for the other's presence in her life.

In the end, Vix is enjoying married life and motherhood when she and everyone else learn that Caitlin disappears in an alleged boating accident... she was in a boat by herself and that was the last time anyone ever saw her, as the boat turned up empty with Caitlin unaccounted for. Blume is not clear on the true reasons behind Caitlin's disappearance, as no body is discovered and there is no damage or foul play, leading the reader to choose between the possibilities that Caitlin purposely vanished from her family and friends or perhaps she did indeed drown. The closing thought is Vix's recount of her "summer sister" and the memories they will always share, and wishing that things could have ended differently.

TV adaptation
In early 2020, Hulu picked up the rights for a limited scripted series based on Summer Sisters following a bidding war with other TV outlets.

title: Summer Sisters


text:
Henry A. Grunwald

Henry Anatole Grunwald (December 3, 1922 – February 26, 2005) was an Austrian-born American journalist and diplomat. He was best known for his position as managing editor of Time magazine and editor in chief of Time, Inc. In 2001, he was awarded the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class.

Career
Grunwald was born Heinz Anatol Grünwald to a secular Jewish family in Vienna. His father, Alfred Grünwald, wrote libretti for operettas by Lehár, Kálmán and Oscar Straus. His mother was Mila Löwenstein. After the 1938 Anschluss the family left Austria for Czechoslovakia and then Paris. In 1940 they arrived in the United States via brief periods in Biarritz, Casablanca, and Lisbon.

Grunwald had ambitions to be a playwright, and got a job as a copy boy at Time while studying at New York University. He worked his way up at Time magazine and was succeeded as editor-in-chief by Jason McManus upon his retirement in 1987. He was the first to give Time writers bylines, a practice which had not been allowed previously. He also introduced new departments such as Behavior, Energy, The Sexes, Economy and Dance. He ordered the famous (some say infamous) cover article, "Is God Dead?" He moved the magazine away from Republican partisanship. He personally wrote the Time editorial calling for President Richard Nixon to resign.

As managing editor, and then editor-in-chief, Grunwald directed the writing an intellectual level upwards, using his intellectual rigor to evaluate each proposed story. He wanted his magazine to identify, and help promote moralistic solutions to current national problems.

In 1962 he edited and wrote the introduction to "Salinger, a Critical and Personal Portrait", a collection of essays about J.D. Salinger which includes previously published essays by John Updike, Leslie Fiedler and Joan Didion, among others, as well as Time own article about the writer.

After serving 11 years as Time managing editor, Grunwald took on the role of editor-in-chief of all of Time, Inc.'s magazines, including Fortune, Sports Illustrated, People and Money. In 1987 President Ronald Reagan appointed him U.S. Ambassador to his native Austria, a post he held until 1990.

On September 5, 1998, Grunwald released his auto-biography One Man's America, describing his emigration to America, and his life in the States. He also wrote a novel, A Saint, More or Less, which was published in 2003.

In his final years Grunwald was gradually losing his eyesight due to macular degeneration, a condition he wrote about in Twilight: Losing Sight, Gaining Insight (1999). This led to his close relationship with the noted non-profit Lighthouse International. Annually The Lighthouse awards The Henry A. Grunwald Award for Public Service to those whose actions benefit society as a whole or, more specifically, benefit those with vision impairment issues. Grunwald is both the namesake and first recipient of this award.

Personal life and death
In 1953 Grunwald married Beverly Suser. They had three children, screenwriter Peter Grunwald, Democratic political consultant Mandy Grunwald, and writer Lisa Grunwald. They were married until her death of breast cancer in 1981.

In 1987, he married former Vogue editor and Manhattan socialite Louise Melhado (nee Liberman). This was her third marriage, as she had previously been married to Richard Savitt and Frederick A. Melhado.

Grunwald died in New York City on February 26, 2005, at the age of 82.

Selected bibliography

 * Salinger, a Critical and Personal Portrait, edited by Henry Anatole Grunwald. New York: Harper & Row, 1962.
 * One Man's America. New York: Doubleday, 1997
 * "Foreign policy under Reagan II". Foreign Affairs 63.2 (1984): 219-239.
 * "The post-Cold War press: A new world needs a new journalism". Foreign Affairs (1993): 12-16.

title: Henry A. Grunwald


text:
Richard Patterson (artist)

Richard Patterson (born 1963 in Leatherhead, Surrey) is an English artist and one of the Young British Artists (YBAs). He is currently based in Dallas, Texas. Patterson's work is primarily painterly, but occasionally morphs into three-dimensional works as well.

Education
Patterson attended a Watford College of Art and Design Course from 1982 to 1983. He received a B.A. Honors degree in Fine Art from Goldsmiths' (1983–86).

Solo exhibitions

 * 1995 "Richard Patterson: Motocrosser", Project Space, Anthony d'Offay Gallery, London, England
 * 1997 Anthony d'Offay Gallery, London, England (exhibition catalogue, text by Stuart Morgan)
 * 1999 James Cohan Gallery, New York City (exhibition catalogue)
 * 2000 "Concentration 35: Richard Patterson", Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, Texas, USA (exhibition brochure with essay by Suzanne Weaver)
 * 2002 James Cohan Gallery, New York City
 * 2005 Timothy Taylor Gallery, London
 * 2013 Timothy Taylor Gallery, London

title: Richard Patterson (artist)


text:
Ano Kastritsi

Ano Kastritsi (Άνω Καστρίτσι) is a village in the municipal unit of Rio, Achaea, Greece. It is situated at about 500 m elevation in the forested northwestern foothills of the Panachaiko, 6 km southeast of Rio town centre, Kato Kastritsi is 4 km to the northwest. It is known for the views to the east part of Patras, the Corinthian Gulf, the Rio-Antirio Bridge, and for its taverns and food.

title: Ano Kastritsi


text:
Talk:Locally modified software

This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/Locally modified software. There was no consensus. dbenbenn | talk 22:52, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Locally modified software


text: Category:1906 songs

title: Category:1906 songs


text:
User talk:Hillbrand

Comments from A ghost
Good job on the rewrite of the paragraph of the Multiverse (science) in Intelligent design. Thanks!--ghost 18:48, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Creation Science versus Scientific Creationism
Hello,

The article Creation Science focuses on the ideology of creation science in contradistinction to mainstream science. It deals very little with specific theories that have evolved out of the discipline.

Furthermore, the correction when you consider two articles redundant is to Merge them, not to arbitrarily choose one to obliterate. The timbre of the two articles are quite different (and each is rather long as it is).

Phantym

I've just had to revert scientific creationism to being a redirect. If the page if reverted again by Phantym I suggest we nominate it for VfD. I think its heavily POV text and although I would prefer it as a redirect so that portions can be NPOVed and incorporated into creation science I think that the page ought to be VfDed if Phantym will keep reverting it. User:Barnaby dawson

 * What is POV about stating the experimental work of creation scientists and then summarizing criticism against hte work by the mainstream community? If you wish to see POV, go look at some old articles by Bensaccount or Joshuaschroeder in Creation Science.

Scientific Creationism
Hello,

Thank you for your comments on my talk page. I think you are right [and I find your comments much more reasonable than the invective Joshuaschroeder sends forth on a regular basis]. The article I posted in Scientific Creationism [which is a mix of a previous article and some of my own writing] is probably not encyclopediac in its presentation [I disagree about the allegations of its being POV, but that is irrelevant].

I think the idea of trying to merge part of that article with the other one and developing important facets of the one I posted makes a lot of sense, and I thank you for suggesting it.

Please understand that my posting the article was largely due to the terrible state of affairs that Creation Science was in just a month ago. I think I had just read it after one of Bensaccount's vandalistic reverts and felt the need for a completely different type of article.

More recently, Creation Science is much, much better, so long as Joshuaschroeder does not spread his original and POV commentary everywhere.

Phantym

String theory
See the addition by User:Anville at the bottom of Talk:String theory. Is this a valid test unique to string theory? (just reply there) -- BRIAN 0918  15:53, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Healthy Forests Initiative
Thanks for the helpful comments. When I saw no groups supporting the bill listed I thought there must be a few! I've made some more changes, on which I welcome any comments. Also, I see that your are (or recently were) reading the Gulag Archipelago. May I recommend One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, if you have not already read it. A quick, but powerful, read. Best. Rkevins82 05:27, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

Synergetics
May I draw your attention to this article, now in AfD at Articles for deletion/Synergetics, thanks. Alf melmac 20:25, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

Single-slit diffraction
Your equations of 19 Feb. 2005 in Diffraction seem to have some problems. See the talk there. Dicklyon 04:44, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Image:Wforddoolittle1.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Wforddoolittle1.jpg. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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Orphaned non-free image (Image:BayStarLogo.png)
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File:DiffractionPlanes.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:DiffractionPlanes.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 21:01, 2 August 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Hanging Panga Fish.jpg

The file File:Hanging Panga Fish.jpg has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Orphan image, insufficient source information to confirm licensing"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. ★ Bigr   Tex  19:03, 15 July 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hillbrand


text:
Park Orchards, Victoria

Park Orchards is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 25 km north-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Manningham and Maroondah local government areas. At the 2021 census, Park Orchards recorded a population of 3,835.

Park Orchards is primarily within the City of Manningham, with a small portion (the southern side of Williams road) located within the City of Maroondah. The suburb is a Green Wedge area and is listed in the Australian Heritage Database.

History
Prior to European colonisation, the Wurundjeri people cared for the land.

In 1902, prominent Victorian orchardist, Tom Petty, purchased 559 acre of land north of the Mitcham district and, in an ambitious project, converted it to 80 orchard blocks.

In 1925, South Melbourne timber merchants, Australias Sharp and John Taylor, purchased Petty's land and launched the Park Orchards Country Club Estate. They had the subdivisions designed by Saxil Tuxen and Miller. Tuxen had previously worked with Marion Mahony and Walter Burley Griffin on the Ranelagh Estate in Mt Eliza, which Sharp and Taylor had owned. Park Orchards was designed around a similar "Country Club" development, that had become popular during the 1920s in the USA. The circular street layout is clearly inspired by the Mahony-Griffin style.

The Clubhouse, named "The Chalet" (c.1929), was built in the Spanish Mission style, featuring a blackwood panelled interior, with a ballroom and billiard rooms. The Estate failed to attract buyers during the 1930s Depression, so Sharp and Taylor cleared much of the land and planted plant pine trees (many which still remain) to provide timber for their business.

In 1944, during World War II, the Australian Army requisitioned The Chalet and the football ground, and set up The School For Eastern Interpreters for Z Special Unit, as well as a training facility for the Australian Special Wireless Group. 400 personnel were stationed there, living in tents on the football ground. The army constructed the first water mains and connected the estate to the electrical grid.

In late 1946, Sharp & Taylor sold the Estate at auction to Edments Ltd, owners of a department store in Melbourne, who reportedly planned to develop part of it into a holiday resort for their staff. They had a 9-hole golf course and cricket ground constructed in the 1950s.

By the late 1950s, the post-war migration boom saw an increase in properties being developed, and most of the blocks had been sold by 1960. The Park Orchards Post Office opened on 1 November 1959, the Primary School opened on 14 March 1961. The final blocks sold in the early 1990s.

In 1965, The Chalet was the location of the first Catholic mass in Park Orchards. From the 1970s, the building was used as a restaurant and reception centre, and hosted the wedding of Mick Gatto in 1978. In 1994, the exterior was heritage-listed by the local council.

After The Chalet was sold in 2007, the new owners shut it down and submitted an application to build an aged care facility, which was rejected by the local council. In 2009, the community failed in an attempt to raise $1.5m to purchase the property, with the aim of turning it into a community centre. In 2010, VCAT determined, contrary to the local council ruling, that a planning permit should be issued, albeit with a requirement for reticulated sewerage services to be established. Later in 2010, the Park Orchards Ratepayers Association submitted that both The Chalet and the original Estate area be registered as places of significance by the Heritage Council, but the application was rejected due to not meeting the minimum criteria. , The Chalet remains unused and neglected.

Facilities
Park Orchards features a small commercial-zoned area on Park Rd (spread over either side of Hopetoun Rd) with around 20 lots.

There are two local primary schools and a number of private and state secondary schools in close proximity. The two primary schools are Park Orchards Primary School (public), which hosts a monthly Farmers Market, and St. Anne's (private).

Park Orchards Reserve is home to the Basketball Centre, Community House, Tennis Club, Children's Service Centre, Pre-school and Playground.

There are several other public reserves, including a large 41 hectare area of natural bushland known as 'The 100 Acres'.

Horse riding is a popular pastime in the area, with facilities including Helmast Park providing agistment and riding arenas, along with others in nearby Warrandyte.

Sporting clubs
The suburb features the Domeney Reserve & Recreation Centre, which hosts the home games of the Park Orchards Cricket Club and the Park Orchards North Ringwood Parish Sharks Junior Football Club, who play in the Yarra Junior Football League and the Park Orchards Football Club of which long-time local Kevin Sheedy is the number 1 ticket holder, as well as the Yarra Valley Old Boys Football Club.

The suburb is also home to the Park Orchards Tennis Club, the Steelers Basketball Club, the Park Orchards Netball Association and BMX Club.

Domeny Reserve and several roads in the area were used during the 1960s up until 1975 by the Austin 7 Club as part of their Observed Section Trials (Mud Trials).

title: Park Orchards, Victoria


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Triad Of Malignancy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 16:08, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Triad Of Malignancy
Miserably fails the Google test, sounds more like an urban legend, frankly. Delete. JFW | T@lk  22:53, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Search "Triad Of Malignancy" and it will pull up CT Triad of Malignancy. CT Scans. Weak keep for finding something on it. -- Riffsyphon1024 22:59, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * CT Scans? UT. delete--NewAtair Δ 23:01, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Change my vote to delete, because after thorough reading, I see how it does not relate. -- Riffsyphon1024 23:41, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. This content, as is, most certainly does not relate to CT scans. Even Googling parts of it fails to find anything valid within the terms of this article. Looks like a rather sick prank to me.
 * Note that this article was quickly "decorated" with a cartoon illustration by User:Freddiekruger, which is a new account whose only edits were on this article, and followed up the work of the anonymous IP that created this article. I have suspicions that they might be the same person: we should watch these accounts for vandalism. -- Karada 23:21, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Being quite familiar with Ben Taub General Hospital, I wouldn't at all be surprised if this term were used there or even if it originated there, since that by the time most tumors are seen at "the Tub," they're far advanced enough to be easily seen and smelled. Still, without any historical documentation of the fact that this term originated there, this article is not verifiable and isn't encyclopedic.  It's nothing more than a dict.def.  We could move it to Wiktionary.  —Brim 01:44, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm a fourth-year medical student; I've never heard of this, although I'm sure there is a lot I haven't heard of. I have no idea if people use this term (probably informally) at Ben Taub or not, but in any case I believe it is unencyclopedic. Unless there is some evidence that using this distinction provides a better characterization of prognosis or treatment options than the currently used TNM classifications and so on, it does not belong in an encyclopedia. It sounds like an in-house joke. — Knowledge Seeker দ (talk) 03:31, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * The artilce does a poor job of explaining it, but there is a triad of symptoms detectable by CT scan that is associated with malignant meningioma (one type of cancer). It has been used to demonstrate the cancer in something like 5 cases, and really is too specific a topic to be in an encyclopedia, delete--nixie 01:45, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Kato Kastritsi

Kato Kastritsi (Κάτω Καστρίτσι) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Rio, Achaea, Greece. The community consists of the villages Kato Kastritsi and Magoula. It is situated at about 100 m elevation in the northwestern foothills of the Panachaiko, 2 km southeast of Rio town centre, and adjacent to the campus of the University of Patras. Ano Kastritsi is 4 km to the southeast.

title: Kato Kastritsi


text:
Talk:Laser engraving

Questionable technical matter
"Since metals are good electric conductors, they virtually reflect the entire laser beam (electromagnetic wave), and the residual metal-beam interaction is negligible."

I don't disagree with the result but I'm not sure the proposed reason is correct. I haven't studied this in a while but it seems suspect. -- Zhyla Sun Mar 5 20:19:03 PST 2006

The OP may be right about the idea, but it works differently in practice.

Answer: http://science.howstuffworks.com/light10.htm —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.194.119.148 (talk) 12:13, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Possible Copyvio
The first version of this page is a copy-vio from http://www.masterliness.com/a/Laser.engraving.htm, however, the page has been changed quite a bit since then; would it still be a copy-vio?

Layman Terms
Can someone make this article a bit easier for those of us not in the laser engraving buisness to understand? :) - GregNorc  ( talk ) 22:56, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Not only that, but it is too specific on one type of laser engraving. I couldn't even figure out exactly what a flexo plate is, but I know laser engraving can be done straight onto almost any piece of metal or other material, like a brass plate on a trophy. I added an external link that is a little more general in what it covers. I also found some info on photopolymer plates, but didn't find enough to create a whole new article yet.
 * I'm new, so I don't know much about wiki. Is there a sort of "Request someone who knows their stuff" page? I'm sure some wikipedian somewhere is familiar with this. - GregNorc  ( talk ) 22:09, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Is there still a problem? I've read about halfway through and no problem.MarSch 16:24, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I think the latter half of the article can be improved more. HappyCamper 03:14, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

"it is also sometimes incorrectly described as etching"

This statement is itself incorrect and should be simply removed from the article.

Etching is a common, widely accepted term in the industry and common among consumers. It can refer to the liquification, gasification or ablation of the material being cut by the laser beam. Engraving implies the use of a tool to carve into a material, while etching refers to the removal of material (often through a chemical bath as the link states, but also through ablation of a laser).

Etching is especially used to distinguish CNC laser cutting work from router cutting because a cutting tool can only engrave while a laser can ablate the material. Since "ablation" is perhaps not a term in the average person's vocabulary, "etching" is a suitable replacement - just as the common phrase "etched in stone" was not referring to a chemical milling acid bath, the stone that the phrase refers to was carved.

I believe the dictionary definition of "etching": "To cut into the surface of a material" is entirely appropriate. The term "laser etching" is also used when discussing laser frosted glass, as it accurately describes the glass, while laser engraved glass may not. For a further example, Laser etched tile may refer to the laser rasterization of an image onto the tile, while laser engraved tile refers to carving a vector into it. Rasterization of images and cutting of vectors are two very different industrial processes and the term "etched" rasters versus "engraved" vectors help to distinguish the two.

Different parts of the world refer to the terms laser engraving and laser etching interchangeably or prefer one over the other but the article should not imply that one is not the other. When a laser is used to replace traditional chemical bath etching processes, it is called "laser etching" as well, to add to the confusion.

Laser engraving can safely be called laser etching or even laser ablation without causing confusion, however the simplest fix would be to remove this controversial statement at the beginning of the article.

Additionally, it seems some advertising has snuck into the external links. Can someone please fix those problems? Thanks! Engravingwithlasers (talk) 08:15, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

The original comment about laser etching is correct in so far as there is confusion by some (not many maybe) that laser etching is the same as laser marking. Etching is the cutting into a material, as you have pointed out, but marking does not involve cutting, so there clearly is confusion by some. By removing the comment "sometimes incorrectly described as etching" the confusion is unfortunately reenforced, but not appropriately so. Anything that helps clarify the subject to beginners should be included. NF 3/11/14

Help me make this look good!
Hi. This is my first real wiki experience. I thought I would make this article over, to make it cover more than just its use in printing. I do not wish to delete somebody else's work, would rather work it in with mine, since it is interesting. What I think I would like is for others to add some of their knowledge to what the two of us have constructed so far. And then make the headings and such reflect the topics properly. I will revisit the entry soon, I expect, but may have to play in the sandbox first. ;-)

Thank you Petaholmes-- THAT was what I was trying to do!!! ;-)

Wikified too much now?
I realize that the Community Portal asks for help specifically Wikifying this article. It did before I put forward my additions. I am grateful that someone stepped in to do all the "tagging" of Wiki entries in the text, as well as cleaning up and making clearer some of what I was trying to say. Everybody needs an editor; thanks for getting it done.

I am though, a bit puzzled, because many of the links to other wiki articles really don't make the subject at hand any more understandable. When a word is used and the meaning is clear in its context, must it be tagged anyway since some article had been written with that name? I mean, right off the bat, to send someone off to explore the word "object"? Hmmm.

To be frank, it is my impression that one should provide signposts to more information when it edifies the subject, not just by rote or without discrimination. I don't know if there are "automated wikifiers" that note each and every instance of a wikied word, but it sure LOOKS like the aim was not clarifying, but "wikifying". And that may be the case. Certainly that was the category this entry was in at the Community Portal.

I'm not going to do any changing of the situation myself. It's not only my entry, of course. But I sure wish some brain would look at the words, click and see if the entry invoked helped to understand what was being said. Otherwise, it is just putting pretty codes on the page, not really adding value.

My opinion only. As I say, some of the editing was needed. If nobody else minds, I guess I won't either. --Kittyslave 08:33, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

''I went through and removed some of the Wiki links that I thought didn't add to the subject or were simply linking to pages that would be "definitions" (i.e. object, effort). Some of the things I removed may actually need to be wikified, and some more links may need to be removed. It's a start, though.'' --Schultz.Ryan 01:29, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)

unqualified analogy
designs incorporating large or monolithic sized crystal

In what way does "monolithic" convey size information? Monolithic objects come in all sizes, from asteroids to integrated circuits. The word (meaning "of one rock") simply means that the object—regardless of size—is comprised of a single chunk of stuff. —überRegenbogen (talk) 08:46, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

Laser Tattoos?
there is a half-assed possibly cancerous or anyway dangerous technique where people mark their skin using laser engravers.

i think it is worthy of a mention in a new section. sources:    --CuteHappyBrute (talk) 01:55, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

SSLE Example Picture Available
I have a picture that I took of a commercial, custom-made sub-surface laser engraving. I think it would add nicely to the SSLE section, but is there an issue with it being a picture of a commercial product? Where can I find WP rules regarding this kind of matter? —63.249.110.34 (talk) 03:03, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

New to Wikipedia and unfamiliar with linking guidelines
Hi. I just added a picture under the glass section of a glass microscope slide that I laser engraved then photographed at 40x and 100x. The photo is on WikiCommons but I would really like a link back to the post on my site, Book Worm Laser & Design, where I wrote about laser engraved glass and posted 2 other similar pictures (at 1pt font and 2pt font). Any guidance? Thanks — Preceding unsigned comment added by AlanReeves001 (talk • contribs) 19:40, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

Earliest known laser engraving
Maybe somebody can insert into the article some info on when laser engraving was first available? ...I haven't researched it in published sources. although I can tell you I collect watches, and I have a Teamsters union watch which has a laser engraved image of Jimmy Hoffa on the metal lid on the underside of the watch. The watch dates to the late 1960s/early 1970s. MS, Dania Fl 206.192.35.125 (talk) 12:44, 9 July 2013 (UTC)

Laser Engraving vs Laser Marking
Should laser engraving and laser marking be split into 2 different topics to help clarify? Very clearly the manufacturers of these machines don't feel that laser engraving and laser marking are the same. Here I have included a reference from a manufacturer with videos that explain each, but a simple Google search will reveal more: http://www.ulsinc.com/

Yes, sometimes engraving and laser marking can be done on the same machine, but that doesn't make them the same. Engraving means the surface is physically cut into. Marking means the surface is discolored without removing any material. To some this is a very important distinction.

title: Talk:Laser engraving


text:
The Cause

The Cause may refer to:
 * The American Revolution
 * A euphemism for Irish republicanism
 * A euphemism for Confederate secession during the American Civil War
 * A euphemism for Loyalism in Ireland
 * A euphemism for Anarchy
 * A euphemism for the Palestinian Resistance
 * A song from the album Punk In Drublic by the American Punk rock band NOFX

title: The Cause


text:
Charlie Parker (cricketer)

Charles Warrington Leonard Parker (14 October 1882 – 11 July 1959) was an English cricketer, who stands as the third highest wicket taker in the history of first-class cricket, behind Wilfred Rhodes and Tich Freeman.

Life and career
Parker paid no serious attention to cricket in his childhood, preferring to concentrate on golf. He only took to cricket around 1900 and was recommended to Gloucestershire by W. G. Grace in 1903. However, he played only twice in first-class cricket before 1907. From then on, he played regularly as a medium-paced left-hand bowler, but despite several excellent performances, he was always overshadowed by George Dennett until World War I put a halt to county cricket. By 1914, Parker had not taken 100 wickets in a season and in his last two years was very expensive, suggesting that his was to be an insignificant career.

After the war, Parker announced he was shifting to a slower style, and, with Dennett serving as an officer in the Army in India, Parker was forced to become Gloucestershire's chief bowler in 1919. He took more wickets than ever before in a season, but was still expensive even when the dry weather was taken into account. However, from 1920 Parker became one of the best left arm spin bowlers in England. A little quicker than most of his type (thus harder to hit), his long fingers gave Parker vicious spin which could hit off stump from outside leg and make him almost unplayable on rain affected or crumbling pitches. Though helped by appalling batting sides for much of his success, Parker took 125 wickets in 1920, 164 in 1921, 206 in 1922, 204 in 1924, and headed the first-class averages with 222 in 1925.

This success reflected Parker's ability to get through huge amounts of bowling: in 1926 and 1927 Parker passed 10,000 balls, and in the latter season he bowled over 85 per cent of Gloucestershire's overs from one end. He is one of only three bowlers to bowl over 10,000 balls in a season multiple times.

Among his best feats were 9 for 36 against Yorkshire in 1922 and 10 for 79 against Somerset in 1921. He took a hat trick in each innings against Middlesex at Bristol in 1924 after his Gloucestershire team had themselves been bowled out for 31. He took 17 for 56 against Essex in 1925, and 16 for 109 against Middlesex in 1930, the year he took 7 for 54 against the Australians in a famous tied match. From 1929 to 1931 he formed, with Tom Goddard, the most lethal bowling combination in county cricket, aided by the brilliant close fielding of Wally Hammond. He nearly completed what would have been a unique feat in taking five wickets in five balls in first-class cricket. He hit the stumps five times in consecutive balls in his benefit match for Gloucestershire against Yorkshire at the County Cricket Ground, Bristol in 1922, but the second was called a no-ball.

In 1931, though already forty-eight — an age at which most cricketers even in that era had already retired — Parker equalled Jack Hearne's record of taking 100 wickets by 12 June and his aggregate of 219 victims was the second highest of his career. However, age finally caught up with Parker in 1932 after a promising beginning. Though he still spun the ball considerably, he lost his accuracy of length and consequently was expensive. Because Gloucestershire had no support for him and Goddard, Parker continued to play until 1935, but never recovered his former powers.

Because Australian wickets of the 1920s and 1930s were totally unresponsive to his bowling, Parker was never even considered for a tour there. He did tour with private parties to the West Indies and on Lord Tennyson's 1924/1925 tour of South Africa — seen as at worst a very good "second eleven". Parker's bowling proved suitable for the matting wickets, but he did so little bowling in the five Representative Matches that he only took 11 wickets for 198 runs. In fact, he played only one Test, at Old Trafford in 1921, where he took 2 for 32 on a wicket too slow to be difficult — though he was discarded at the last minute in 1926 and 1930.

As a batsman, he rarely accomplished much, though he nearly did the match double against Leicestershire in 1921 and Somerset in 1922.

After he retired in 1935, Parker became an umpire until World War II. Following the war, he coached his old county club for a short period and then coached cricket at Cranleigh almost up to his death on 11 July 1959.

World record
Charlie Parker was the first player to take three hat-tricks in a single first-class season. He achieved this in 1924. His record was later equaled by J.S. Rao in 1963–64, and Dean Headley in 1996.

title: Charlie Parker (cricketer)


text: User talk:128.186.60.46

title: User talk:128.186.60.46


text:
USS Downes (DD-45)

The first USS Downes (DD-45) was a Cassin-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War I. She was later transferred to the United States Coast Guard, where she was designated CG-4. She was named for Captain John Downes.

Construction
Downes was launched on 8 November 1913 by New York Shipbuilding Company of Camden, New Jersey. She was sponsored by Mrs. M. H. Simons, great-granddaughter of Captain Downes and outfitted for service at Philadelphia Navy Yard. Downes was commissioned on 11 February 1915.

World War I
Downes conducted her shakedown off New York and in Chesapeake Bay, and then returned to Philadelphia Navy Yard, where she was placed in ordinary from 4 October 1915 – 26 May 1917 for the construction and installation of new machinery by the contractor. Fitted out for distant service, she sailed from New York on 18 October 1917 for Devonport, England, arriving on 7 November.

Downes was based at Queenstown, Ireland, from 17 November 1917 – 5 December 1918, and operated on convoy escort duty inbound to British ports, across the channel, and outbound to rendezvous with the ocean escorts. She patrolled against submarines off the Irish coast, making numerous attacks with no sure results and with other destroyers aided distressed ships. On two occasions her efficiency won commendations from the British Admiralty, once for her protection of the torpedoed USS Manley (DD-74) and again for the rescue and salvage of a British submarine.

Inter-war period
Downes arrived at Brest, France on 6 December to meet and escort President Woodrow Wilson embarked in SS George Washington, passing in review before returning to Queenstown on 14 December. The day after Christmas she sailed for the United States, arriving at Norfolk, Virginia on 18 January 1919. After winter maneuvers in Cuban waters, she returned to New York on 14 March. Downes reported to Norfolk on 5 May for overhaul and on 31 May was placed in ordinary. Returned to full commission, she sailed for Newport, Rhode Island on 12 May 1921 for summer maneuvers.

From 22 October – 20 March 1922, she lay at Charleston, South Carolina, and on 24 March arrived at Philadelphia Navy Yard. Downes was placed out of commission there on 6 June and laid up.

She was transferred to the United States Coast Guard on 28 April 1924. She initially served at the Academy as a practice ship. Later, she was part of the Rum Patrol. Returned to Naval custody at Philadelphia on 22 May 1931, Downes was scrapped and sold on 22 August 1934 in accordance with the London Naval Treaty.

title: USS Downes (DD-45)


text:
User:Phoenix-forgotten

Oh, I wish my Commons, Wiktionary, and Wikisource usernames were changed to this one.

title: User:Phoenix-forgotten


text: Category:1958 songs

title: Category:1958 songs


text:
John Downes (naval officer)

Commodore John Downes (December 23, 1784 – August 11, 1854) was an officer in the United States Navy, whose service covered the first half of the 19th century.

Early life
John Downes was born in Canton, Massachusetts on December 23, 1784.

Barbary Wars
He served as acting midshipman from September 9, 1800, and was appointed midshipman June 1, 1802. He rendered distinguished service during the First Barbary War in 1804 in the frigate USS Congress (1799), and distinguished himself again while a midshipman on the frigate New York in a boat attack upon Tripolitan feluccas.

War of 1812
In March 1807, he was made a lieutenant and served as executive officer for Captain David Porter on the USS Essex (1799) during her cruise in the Pacific in the War of 1812. In the action off James Island, Downes was in command of the sloop Georgiana during the capture of three British whalers. He also participated in the action off Charles Island before sailing to Nuku Hiva to assist in building America's first military base in the Pacific. Among the Essex many prizes was the whale ship Atlantic, "which Captain Porter fitted as a cruiser and classified as a sloop-of-war, with twenty guns, named the Essex Junior, and placed under the command of Lieutenant Downes who retained this place until the capture of the Essex, and the conversion of Essex Junior into a cartel, 28 March 1814."

Downes was promoted to master commandant in 1813, and two years later commanded the brig HMS Epervier (1812), in the squadron employed against Algiers under Stephen Decatur. On June 17, 1815 he, in concert with the rest of Decatur's squadron, captured the Algerian frigate Mashouda. Two days later the Epervier and three of the smaller vessels of the squadron captured the Algerine brig of war Estedio with twenty-two guns and 180 men off Cape Paios. After the conclusion of peace with Algiers, Decatur transferred Downes to his own ship, USS Guerriere (1814).

Downes also served on the USS Ontario (1813) and USS Independence (1814). He became captain in March 1817.

Tour of South America
Downes took command of USS Macedonian (1810) in 1818 and set forth on a three-year show of power for America to South America and beyond. On this trip, he decided to use the ship for his own enrichment and became a banking ship, giving protection, passage, and banking service to privateers, pirates, and others. He took large amounts for his own private use. He took at least 2.6 million in specie during his trip. He so angered his associates, whom he kept busy counting money under poor conditions, that one of his midshipmen, William Rodgers, resigned from the Navy after coming ashore from this three-year voyage. He cited not being able to "do what I joined this man's Navy to do. Not being able to serve my country but to simply be serving for the monetary good of Captain Downes". Captain Downes had so much specie aboard that he was able to bribe Lord Cochrane into allowing the Macedonian to pass Cochrane's blockade.

Mediterranean Squadron
Downes became commodore of the Mediterranean Squadron, and from 1828 to 1829 he commanded the USS Java (1815) in the Mediterranean.

Sumatran Expedition
His next assignment (1832–1834) was to command the Pacific Squadron. In 1832, Downes was ordered to the coast of Sumatra to avenge an attack on the American merchantman Friendship, of Salem, Massachusetts.

In February 1831, the American merchant ship arrived at the harbor of Quallah Battoo on the Pedir coast of Sumatra to take on a cargo of pepper. A Malay boat arrived, but as the pepper was loaded the Malays, on signal, attacked the officers and crew. According to Owen Rutter's Pirate Wind, every American on board was killed before the pirates ransacked the ship and took its cargo. The captain however, had been on shore with four of his crew. He returned to the ship, fled and received help from other American ships also trading on the coast. They returned to Salem, the headquarters of much of America's trade with the East at that time, and also reported that the local chieftain denied any knowledge of the attack in his harbor. President Andrew Jackson, along with many Americans, was outraged and vowed retribution. If there was a regular government that Downes could deal with, he was authorized to negotiate with it, if not, he was to "inflict chastisement" on any "band of lawless pirates" responsible for the atrocity. Downes, in command of the Potomac left New York harbor August 28, 1831 bound for Quallah Battoo by way of the Cape of Good Hope and the Indian Ocean.

The ship arrived at Quallah Battoo on February 5, 1832. Although Downes was told to attempt to negotiate first, he relied on the advice of a native who seemed to be friendly and who advised that the local chieftain was unlikely to negotiate "except with a very sharp knife on his gullet." Early on February 7, Downes sent a detachment of marines and three detachments of seamen (a total of 282 men) with orders to take four Malay forts along the coast. They divided into three parties, attacked the forts in a combination of hand-to-hand combat and bombardment from the ship's 30-pound cannons. In five hours, the forts were taken, reportedly with all 150 of the defenders, including the local chieftain, fighting to the death. On February 9, the ship bombarded the village itself, which caught on fire. The action resulted in another 300 dead.

Circumnavigation
The Potomac then proceeded around the world, becoming the second U.S. naval vessel (after the Vincennes under Commander William B. Finch ) to circumnavigate the globe. The ship was also the first to host sitting royalty – the king and queen of the Hawaiian Islands.

When Downes arrived at Valparaíso, Chile, Jeremiah N. Reynolds, an American explorer and author, joined the expedition as the commodore's private secretary for the trip and wrote a book about the experience, Voyage of the United States Frigate Potomac. Downes' sea service terminated with this cruise.

Later life
On returning home, Downes was severely criticized for his harsh actions, but Jackson supported him, saying the fighting would deter future aggression. Yet the action wasn't absolutely successful – in August 1838 another American merchant ship, the Eclipse, was attacked by 24 Malays who had been allowed on board. The United States responded with the Second Sumatran Expedition, which had a more lasting effect.

From 1837 to 1842, and from 1850 to 1852, he commanded the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston Harbor. He died there on August 11, 1854.

Legacy
Three ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Downes in honor of him.

Genovesa Island in Ecuador's Galapagos Archipelago is also known as "Tower Island", believed to be result of a string of corruptions of Downes's surname. Downes recorded the island's position in 1813 and the name Dowers's Island appeared in 1815, presumably in misspelled reference to Downes, and—after passing through Dowers's, Dowers, and Tower's—it was finally written as Tower on a British Admiralty chart in 1841.

title: John Downes (naval officer)