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Disturbing tha Peace

Disturbing Tha Peace Records (or DTP) is an American record label founded by Jeff Dixon, Chaka Zulu, and Ludacris.

Beginnings
Disturbing tha Peace was founded in 1998 by Christopher "Ludacris" Bridges, manager Chaka Zulu, and Zulu's brother Jeff Dixon. The record label started as an independent label and was created to serve as an outlet for musicians hailing from the "Dirty South" especially for Ludacris who at the time failed to get a major label record deal. Incorporating all aspects of A&R Guidance, Marketing/Publicity, Promotions, Creative Sponsorship Opportunities, Touring and Performance set-up, and Long-term Artist Development.

That same year the label released Ludacris' independent album Incognegro which it sold more than 50,000 copies that Ludacris sold himself out of the trunk of his car. Also that same year the Atlanta-based rapper caught his big break when he signed to The Island Def Jam Music Group's newly established Southern rap subsidiary, Def Jam South, and became the label's flagship Dirty South artist. In late 2000 Def Jam repackaged his underground album Incognegro as Back for the First Time, adding a few new songs: a UGK collaboration ("Stick 'Em Up"), a Neptunes production ("Southern Hospitality"), and a remix of his previously released song with Timbaland (retitled "Phat Rabbit"). The album's lead single, "What's Your Fantasy" became a major hit nationally, peaking at number 21 on the Hot 100, and the follow-up single, "Southern Hospitality", was similarly popular, charting at number 23. This pair of hits helped drive sales of Back for the First Time, which climbed all the way to number four on the Billboard 200, since its release, it has been certified triple platinum with over 3 million copies sold.

2001–2003
In 2001 the label released Ludacris' second album Word of Mouf which was an even greater success for Ludacris, selling over 281,000 copies in its first week of sales, charting at number three and spawning a series of hit singles that carried over well into 2002: "Area Codes", "Rollout (My Business)", "Saturday (Oooh! Ooooh!)", "Welcome to Atlanta", and "Move Bitch". The album was certified 3× Platinum becoming Ludacris' bestselling album to date with sales of over 3,616,000 copies in the United States, as of July 2009.

In 2002 the label released a collaboration album Golden Grain showcasing the assembly of talent signed to Ludacris' revived Disturbing tha Peace label in which it featured Shawnna, I-20, Tity Boi, Lil Fate, DJ Jay Cee also known as DJ JHB, and Ludacris himself on the album. That same year, St. Louis, Missouri rapper Chingy was signed.

In 2003 the label released the soundtrack to the movie 2 Fast 2 Furious it spawned three hit singles "Act a Fool", "Pick Up the Phone", and Pump It Up". That same year, Chingy released his debut studio album Jackpot through Disturbing Tha Peace. The album was a commercial success, selling over 157,000 units in its first week and ultimately being certified Double Platinum in America. In late 2003 the label released Ludacris' third album Chicken-n-Beer his first to reach number one on the Billboard 200. Chicken -n- Beer brought with it another series of hits, including the Hot 100 number-one, Kanye West produced "Stand Up" and number-six "Splash Waterfalls".

2004–2006
In 2004, the label released Shawnna's debut album Worth tha Weight. It spawned two singles; "Shake Dat Shit" and "Weight a Minute". The album has sold 380,000 copies to date. That same year, the label released I-20's debut album. The album spawned two singles; "Fightin' in the Club" and "Break Bread". By the end of 2004, Ludacris released his fourth album The Red Light District, another number-one album loaded with hit singles "Get Back", "Number One Spot" and "Pimpin' All Over the World" which featured the label's new artist, R&B singer Bobby Valentino.

In 2005, the label released Valentino's self-titled debut album Bobby Valentino. A Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart-topper, it spawned three singles; "Slow Down", "Tell Me" and "My Angel (Never Leave You)". The sultry "Slow Down" announced the singer's rebirth as a DTP member in early 2005 and soon became a BET and radio favorite as the ballad was landing on numerous schools' prom ballots. By the end of 2005, Disturbing tha Peace released their second collaboration album Ludacris Presents: Disturbing tha Peace, featuring the label's roster of talent including the label's new artists Shareefa, Field Mob, Norfclk, Lazyeye, and Small World. The album spawned two singles; "Georgia" and "Gettin' Some". The album was certified gold.

In 2006, the label released Shawnna's second album Block Music. The album immediately followed "Gettin' Some", a highlight from the second Disturbing tha Peace album. The second single was "Damn" featuring Smoke of Field Mob. The album has so far sold over 240,000 copies in the U.S., and over 260,000 copies worldwide. That same year, Field Mob released their third album and their first under the label, Light Poles and Pine Trees. It spawned one single, the Jazze Pha-produced song "So What" featuring Ciara. This has become the duo's most successful hit to date (9-07), climbing to #10 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and #3 and #4 on the US Hot Rap Tracks and US Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs charts, respectively. The album itself achieved #1 on the US Billboard Top Rap Albums and #7 on the US Billboard 200. It has sold over 200,000 copies. The album's success has been at least partially attributed to better promotion of the group by DTP than that at their previous label, MCA Records. In late 2006, the label released Ludacris' Grammy Award-winning fifth album Release Therapy an introspective album on which he vowed that he would be taken more seriously than in the past. Another chart-topper, Release Therapy included only two Hot 100-charting singles, yet both were smashes: "Money Maker" (number one), "Runaway Love" (number two). The album debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 album chart selling over 309,000 copies in the first week making it Ludacris' third number-one album in a row. To date, the album has sold over 1.3 million copies. In the fall of 2006, the label released Shareefa's debut album Point of No Return it spawned two singles "Need a Boss", featuring rapper labelmate Ludacris, and "Cry No More", both singles were released that same year.

2007–2009
In 2007 the label released Bobby Valentino's second album Special Occasion, Valentino released the album's first single titled "Turn the Page" with mixed reviews. His second single, "Anonymous" featuring Timbaland, was released on April 9, 2007. Overall, the album received positive reviews from critics and audiences. Special Occasion debuted at No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard 200, selling about 92,000 copies in its first week, just over one-half of his previous album's first-week sales. The album eventually peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Since then the album has sold approximately 270,000 copies In fall of 2007 the label released Playaz Circle's debut album Supply & Demand, their highly anticipated debut album featured the hit singles "Duffle Bag Boy" with Lil Wayne, "Betta Knock" and "U Can Believe It" with Ludacris. That same year Chingy returned to the label and released his fourth album and second with the label Hate It or Love It, the first official radio single was "Fly Like Me" featuring Amerie. The second single was announced by his Myspace and was "Gimme Dat" Feat. Ludacris and Bobby Valentino. The album debuted at #84 on the charts, selling 31,000 copies. The album failed to match the success like his first studio album, which was why Chingy was dropped from the label months after.

In early 2008 Bobby Valentino confirmed that he was no longer signed to either Def Jam or Disturbing The Peace during an interview with DJBooth.net. He stated: The decision to leave [the label] was totally mine. I sat down with Ludacris and Chaka Zulu, and I explained to them that it was time for me to venture out on my own. They had no problem with it; they are cool with it, no beef at all.

Despite Special Occasion's gold certification, Valentino was reportedly frustrated with the album's delays and less than expected sales, culminating in his decision to leave the labels. Although business ties have been severed, Valentino maintains positive relationships with CEO Chaka Zulu, Ludacris and the DTP/Def Jam staff. Nearly the end of 2008 the label released Ludacris' sixth album Theater of the Mind, the album spawned three singles the first official single was "What Them Girls Like", "co-starring" Chris Brown & Sean Garrett. The single peaked at #33 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second official single was "One More Drink", "co-starring" T-Pain, peaking at #24 on the Billboard Hot 100. The third single was "Nasty Girl", "co-starring" Plies. Though the album was well received by music critics, it debuted at number five on the Billboard 200, selling 214,000 copies in its first week. It was his first album since 2001's Word of Mouf to not reach number-one status, and his lowest charting album since his debut. To date, the album has sold about 671,000 copies, achieving a gold certification.

In 2009 the label released Willy Northpole's debut album Tha Connect. The album's first single was "Body Marked Up" and second "#1 Side Chick" featuring Bobby Valentino. The album's first week sales were 2,896. As of October 18, 2009, the album has 7,000 record sales. The album reviews were positive for a debut album, but at the same time, it was bashed for providing few features. Ludacris was supposed to be on his album, but the track he was to collaborate on did not clear in time for the album release date. Poor sales for the album were blamed on a lack of promotion and the death of Michael Jackson two days after the release of the album. By late 2009 the label released Playaz Circle's second album Flight 360: The Takeoff. It spawned five singles "Stupid", "Hold Up", "Can't Remember", "Yeah We Gettin' Rich", and "Big Dawg". The album debuted at #74 on the Billboard 200, selling 8,000 copies. As of December 2009 the album has currently sold 31,000. That same year the label signed new talent, Rudy Currence, rap group B.X.C., rap group TK N CA$H, and Lil Scrappy who left Lil Jon's BME Recordings. Also that same year Ludacris and Shawnna confirmed that they would release a collaboration album together titled Battle of the Sexes, set for Summer 2009, but Shawnna reportedly split from the label later that year and signed to T-Pain's Nappy Boy Entertainment. Then it was later reported that Shawnna was removed from the album and became a solo album by Ludacris with guest appearances.

2010–present
Ludacris' seventh album Battle of the Sexes was released on March 9, 2010. Originally tagged as a collaboration album by Ludacris and Shawnna, it became a solo album by Ludacris with guest appearances after Shawnna was cut from the album for unknown reasons. Despite the mixed to negative reviews surrounding the album, it debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 upon its release making this his 4th number-one album in a row. The album has currently spawned three singles; "How Low", "My Chick Bad" and "Sex Room". On November 2, 2011, it was announced that Lil Scrappy had parted ways with the label.

Notable artists

 * Ludacris
 * Chingy
 * Lil Fate
 * Bobby V
 * Demeyez
 * I-20

Former

 * Willy Northpole
 * Playaz Circle
 * Lil Scrappy
 * Shareefa
 * Field Mob
 * Norfclk
 * Shawnna

title: Disturbing tha Peace


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Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics

Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by two events. It was held at the Minor Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium and at the Druzhba (Friendship) Multi-Purpose Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium, both located at Luzhniki (south-western part of Moscow). The schedule started on July 20 and ended on August 1.

Events
Two sets of medals were awarded in the following events:

 * Indoor volleyball – men (10 teams, 113 athletes)
 * Indoor volleyball – women (8 teams, 96 athletes)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics


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Holger Apfel

Holger Apfel (born 29 December 1970) is a German politician who was the leader of the far-right National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) from 2011 to 2013. He was a member of the Saxon Parliament between 2004 and 2014, serving as the chairman of the NPD parliamentary group and a member of the presidium of the parliament.

Apfel became the NPD's national leader in 2011. On 19 December 2013, he resigned with immediate effect from his leadership positions at both the national and the state level, before leaving the party entirely five days later. He resigned from the Saxon Parliament on 17 January 2014. He was parodied as the leader of the NDP in the 2015 film Look Who's Back as the character "Ulf Birne".

Political activities
Apfel has a long history of activism with the NPD, starting in the 1980s when he was active in the NPD's youth organisation. He was the deputy chairman of the NPD at the national level between 2000 and 2009 and deputy chairman at the state level between 2002 and 2009. Between 2009 and 2011, he served as the chairman of Saxony's NPD.

State politics
On 19 September 2004, Apfel led the NPD in Saxony to its biggest electoral success, winning 9.2% of the popular vote and twelve seats in the Landtag of Saxony. He became the leader of the party's parliamentary group.

In 2005, the Landtag of Saxony held a minute of silence for the victims of Nazi Germany. Apfel, along with 11 other NPD politicians, boycotted the remembrance and staged a walkout from the Landtag chamber. He also gave a speech in which he demanded a moment of silence be held for the victims of the bombing of Dresden in 1945 and called the Allies of World War II "mass murderers", stating that "Today we in this parliament are taking up the political battle for historical truth, and against the servitude of guilt of the German people... The causes of the holocaust bombing of Dresden have nothing to do with either September 1 1939 or with January 30 1933." Apfel's speech caused politicians from other parties in the Landtag to walk out in protest.

National politics
In the 2005 federal election, he was a candidate for the constituency of Kamenz, Hoyerswerda and Großenhain, and received 6.7% of the votes.

On 13 November 2011, he was elected leader of the NPD at the national level.

Resignation
On 19 December 2013, he resigned with immediate effect from his leadership positions at both the national and the state level. Media outlets initially reported that Apfel was in poor health and suffering from "burnout syndrome".

Three days after the announcement, the party presidium held an emergency meeting to discuss rumours about Apfel's private life. It subsequently issued a statement asserting that Apfel "has not yet refuted ongoing allegations concerning past transgressions". Amid the threat of an expulsion proceeding, Apfel resigned from the party entirely on 24 December.

Apfel resigned from his seat in the Saxon Parliament on 17 January 2014.

Personal life
Apfel was married to Jasmin Apfel (born 1983), formerly the head of the NPD women's organisation, Ring Nationaler Frauen. They have three children. In 2012, the couple separated and Jasmin Apfel announced that she had resigned from both the RNF and the NPD. However, Apfel announced later that year that the couple were once again together. In March 2017 it was reported that Jasmin Apfel and her husband had separated, and that she had renounced right-wing extremism.

It was reported in May 2014 that Apfel and his wife had begun operating a local restaurant on the island of Majorca.

title: Holger Apfel


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Talk:Phonemic awareness

Duplicate?
How is this different from Phonological awareness? Joyous 20:07, Mar 17, 2005 (UTC)

The precise definitions of the two terms are disputed by experts, but many experts distinguish between the two, though others use them interchangeably (possibly incorrectly). "Phonological awareness sometimes refers to an awareness that words consist of syllables, 'onsets and rimes,' and phonemes, and so can be considered as a broader notion than phonemic awareness". I'll add that to the article to make it clearer as well, because I think you're right that it's confusing. Dave 03:32, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

I wonder if the two articles shouldn't be put together, since their definitions overlap so much. Joyous 04:00, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

I'm open to that. Dave 04:12, Mar 18, 2005 (UTC)

I third that. The distinction that is drawn on this page or in the kidsource.com page (which I also don't consider an 'expert' link) are completely new to me (speaking as both a linguist and a cognitive psychologist who studies phonological awareness and reading) --Drmarc 01:58, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

Phonemic awareness training boring and ineffective
Is phonemic awareness training boring and ineffective? See: Phonemic Awareness Training: Both Boring and Ineffective? --173.63.12.197 (talk) 06:16, 24 November 2009 (UTC)

According to Krashen and others, there is no evidence that Phonemic Awareness helps children to read. In fact, he claims the opposite. It is being able to read that helps with phonemic awareness. I suggest the author cites some evidence for the claims made in this article.

title: Talk:Phonemic awareness


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User talk:Tex1337

Feel free to add polite comments here.

title: User talk:Tex1337


text:
Canadian Medical Hall of Fame

The Canadian Medical Hall of Fame is a Canadian charitable organization, founded in 1994, that honours Canadians who have contributed to the understanding of disease and improving the health of people. It has an exhibit hall in London, Ontario, an annual induction ceremony, career exploration programs for youth and a virtual hall of fame.

Laureates
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em| 2023
 * Stephen Blizzard
 * Elaine A. Carty
 * Carol P. Herbert
 * Jean-Lucien Rouleau
 * Nahum Sonenberg
 * Samuel Weiss

2022
 * John Bell
 * Thomas A. Dignan
 * Daniel J. Drucker
 * David J. A. Jenkins
 * Jonathan L. Meakins
 * Noralou P. Roos

2020
 * Harvey Max Chochinov
 * Jean Gray
 * Jeanne Mance
 * Marco Marra
 * Joseph B. Martin
 * Annette O'Connor

2019
 * G. Brock Chisholm
 * Naranjan Dhalla
 * James Dosman
 * Jacalyn Duffin
 * Connie Eaves
 * Rémi Quirion

2018
 * Philip B. Berger
 * Brett Finlay
 * Vladimir Hachinski
 * Balfour Mount
 * Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg
 * Emily Stowe

2017
 * Michel G. Bergeron
 * Michel Chrétien
 * Richard Goldbloom
 * Emmett Matthew Hall
 * Michael R. Hayden
 * F. Estelle R. Simons

2016
 * Michael Bliss
 * May Cohen
 * Gordon Guyatt
 * David Naylor
 * Sir Charles Tupper
 * Mark Wainberg

2015
 * Alan Bernstein
 * Judith G. Hall
 * Bernard Langer
 * John McCrae
 * Julio Montaner
 * Duncan G. Sinclair

2014
 * Max Cynader
 * Adolfo J. de Bold
 * Walter Mackenzie
 * Thomas John Murray
 * Ronald Worton
 * Salim Yusuf

2013

 * Antoine Hakim
 * David MacLennan
 * Arnold Naimark
 * Claude Roy
 * Ian Rusted
 * Bette Stephenson

2012

 * John Dirks
 * Terry Fox
 * Armand Frappier
 * F. Clarke Fraser
 * Peter Macklem
 * John Macleod
 * Lap-Chee Tsui

2011

 * Albert Aguayo
 * John Bienenstock
 * Paul David
 * Jonathan Campbell Meakins
 * Allan Ronald
 * D. Lorne Tyrrell

2010

 * Alan C. Burton
 * William A. Cochrane
 * Phil Gold
 * James C. Hogg
 * Vera Peters
 * Calvin Stiller

2009

 * Sylvia Fedoruk
 * Tak Wah Mak
 * Ronald Melzack
 * Charles Tator
 * Mladen Vranic

2007

 * Elizabeth Bagshaw
 * Felix d'Herelle
 * Jean Dussault
 * Wilbert Keon
 * Endel Tulving

2006

 * David Hubel
 * John McEachern
 * Ian McWhinney
 * Anthony Pawson
 * Hans Selye

2004

 * Oswald Avery
 * John G. FitzGerald
 * Marc Lalonde
 * Maurice LeClair
 * Ernest McCulloch
 * James Till

2003

 * William Feindel
 * Donald Olding Hebb
 * Charles Hollenberg
 * Charles B. Huggins
 * Fraser Mustard
 * Marie-Marguerite d'Youville

2001

 * John E. Bradley
 * Henry Friesen
 * William Gallie
 * Peter Lougheed
 * Frederick Montizambert
 * Charles Scriver
 * Lucille Teasdale-Corti

2000

 * Bernard Belleau
 * G. Malcolm Brown
 * John Robert Evans
 * Jack Hirsh
 * Lenora King
 * David Sackett

1998

 * Murray Barr
 * Norman Bethune
 * Roberta Bondar
 * Tommy Douglas
 * Ray Farquharson
 * Charles Miller Fisher
 * Claude Fortier
 * Gustave Gingras
 * Harold E. Johns
 * Heinz Lehmann
 * Maud Menten

1997

 * Charles Thomas Beer
 * Wilfred Gordon Bigelow
 * Henri J. Breault
 * Wilfred Thomason Grenfell
 * Pierre Masson
 * Brenda Milner
 * Robert Laing Noble
 * Louis Siminovitch

1995

 * Henry J. M. Barnett
 * Bruce Chown
 * Herbert Jasper
 * Charles Philippe Leblond
 * William Thorton Mustard
 * Robert B. Salter
 * Michael Smith

1994
}}
 * Maude Abbott
 * Frederick Banting
 * Charles Best
 * John Browne
 * James Collip
 * Douglas Harold Copp
 * Charles George Drake
 * Jacques Genest
 * William Osler
 * Wilder Penfield

title: Canadian Medical Hall of Fame


text:
User talk:Oilers 5

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --JYolkowski 01:01, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

St. Mary's Paper
Hi! I looked at your article on this mill. It seems like a running log on new stuff that happened, as it happened, but it is not exactly following an encyclopedic style that is kosher on here. Rather than just tag it with fact tags and calling it names (they have neat little pix and templates for that on here that are used by people who prefer to criticise than actually help and fix stuff and I despise those bloody things), I thought I'd get hold of you this way. Why don't you look around and see how articles are written with references, headlines, paragraphs, etc. and give that article another glance. Right now, you have it written such that statements that you made "out of date" by susbsequent news that you added are still in there as new stuff. Your older news is still in there and it is contradicted by the new stuff you put in. I could organise it but I thought I'd let you have a crack at it first. I also found pictures of the place and linked it to the Commons Category on the subject. Then I dug up some external links that seem to back up what you were writing in there, which helps, because otherwise people will just tag it on here as unverified and then the whole things looks like crap. Rather than do that, since you spent all this time on it, why don't you give it a once-over? Best, --Achim (talk) 04:26, 17 December 2007 (UTC)

Population of Sault Ste. Marie
Wikipedia does not cite the population of a city's census agglomeration as the population of the city itself — they are not the same thing. The city's population in 2006 was 74,948; the 80,098 figure is inclusive of suburbs outside the boundaries of the city, like Echo Bay, which are not part of Sault Ste. Marie itself. We can (and already do) note both figures in the article, but we cannot misrepresent which number is which. Bearcat (talk) 00:36, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Oilers 5


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Primosome

In molecular biology, a primosome is a protein complex responsible for creating RNA primers on single stranded DNA during DNA replication.

The primosome consists of seven proteins: DnaG primase, DnaB helicase, DnaC helicase assistant, DnaT, PriA, Pri B, and PriC. At each replication fork, the primosome is utilized once on the leading strand of DNA and repeatedly, initiating each Okazaki fragment, on the lagging DNA strand. Initially the complex formed by PriA, PriB, and PriC binds to DNA. Then the DnaB-DnaC helicase complex attaches along with DnaT. This structure is referred to as the pre-primosome. Finally, DnaG will bind to the pre-primosome forming a complete primosome. The primosome attaches 1-10 RNA nucleotides to the single stranded DNA creating a DNA-RNA hybrid. This sequence of RNA is used as a primer to initiate DNA polymerase III. The RNA bases are ultimately replaced with DNA bases by RNase H nuclease (eukaryotes) or DNA polymerase I nuclease (prokaryotes). DNA Ligase then acts to join the two ends together.

Assembly of the Escherichia coli primosome requires six proteins, PriA, PriB, PriC, DnaB, DnaC, and DnaT, acting at a primosome assembly site (pas) on an SSBcoated single-stranded (8s) DNA. Assembly is initiated by interactions of PriA and PriB with ssDNA and the pas. PriC, DnaB, DnaC, and DnaT then act on the PriAPriB- DNA complex to yield the primosome.

Primosomes are nucleoproteins assemblies that activate DNA replication forks. Their primary role is to recruit the replicative helicase onto single-stranded DNA. The "replication restart" primosome, defined in Escherichia coli, is involved in the reactivation of arrested replication forks. Binding of the PriA protein to forked DNA triggers its assembly. PriA is conserved in bacteria, but its primosomal partners are not. In Bacillus subtilis, genetic analysis has revealed three primosomal proteins, DnaB, DnaD, and DnaI, that have no obvious homologues in E. coli. They are involved in primosome function both at arrested replication forks and at the chromosomal origin. Our biochemical analysis of the DnaB and DnaD proteins unravels their role in primosome assembly. They are both multimeric and bind individually to DNA. Furthermore, DnaD stimulates DnaB binding activities. DnaD alone and the DnaD/DnaB pair interact specifically with PriA of B. subtilis on several DNA substrates. This suggests that the nucleoprotein assembly is sequential in the PriA, DnaD, DnaB order. The preferred DNA substrate mimics an arrested DNA replication fork with unreplicated lagging strand, structurally identical to a product of recombinational repair of a stalled replication fork.

title: Primosome


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Halyciae

Halyciae (Halykiai, Halykiae) is the ancient name for one of the settlements of the Elymians on the island of Sicily, known as Alicia in more recent Italian scholarship.

Though its present location is not known precisely, recent excavations conducted in Sicily by the Michael Kolb of Northern Illinois University indicate that the present city of Salemi in the province of Trapani is built upon the ruins of old Halyciae. Recovered finds document the presence of residual 6th century BC activity and 4th–3rd century BC settlement, lending credence to the idea that Salemi is ancient Halyciae. Despite centuries of medieval and modern occupation, the presence of Greek era ceramics and mosaics throughout Salemi's old town suggest the presence of a major 4th century BC commercial and residential centre.

Digs have also been conducted on an adjacent site known as Monte Polizzo by archaeologists from the University of Oslo and the Soprintendenza di Trapani, with help from Göteborg University and Stanford University as well as a team from MiT.

title: Halyciae


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Common Entrance Test

The Common Entrance Test (CET) is a competitive exam conducted for the purpose of admission of students to the first year or first semester of full-time courses in medical, dental and engineering courses in professional colleges the various states of India.

The professional colleges in the state offering such courses are affiliated with the state run universities and admit students through the CET annually. The fee structure varies from year to year.

The Karnataka government has launched a free online crash course "GetCETGo" to help students prepare for CET 2020 during COVID-19 lockdown.

title: Common Entrance Test


text: User talk:68.54.100.174

title: User talk:68.54.100.174


text: User talk:207.102.59.149

title: User talk:207.102.59.149


text:
Another Code: Two Memories

Another Code: Two Memories, (アナザーコード ２つの記憶) known as Trace Memory in North America, is a 2005 point-and-click adventure game developed by Cing and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS. The game was first released in Japan on February 24, 2005, with releases in Europe, Australia, and North America, following later the same year.

Players take on the role of Ashley Mizuki Robbins, a 13-year-old girl, as she searches for her father on the fictional Blood Edward Island. Gameplay revolves around solving puzzles, and is controlled using the DS touchscreen or D-pad.

Another Code received mixed reviews from critics. Though praised for its implementation of the DS controls, its story, and hand-drawn artwork, many criticized the game's short length, unoriginal puzzles, and gearing towards a younger audience. A sequel, Another Code: R – A Journey into Lost Memories, was released for the Wii in 2009 in Japan and Europe. A remake of the game and its sequel were released for the Nintendo Switch as part of Another Code: Recollection on January 19, 2024.

Gameplay
Assuming control of Ashley Mizuki Robbins, players navigate through 3D environments and attempt to solve puzzles. During movement, the touchscreen displays an aerial view of Ashley and her surroundings. The player can move Ashley using a point and click system, dragging the stylus across the screen, or using the D-pad. The top screen shows pre-rendered images of the player's current location. To solve puzzles encountered in the game, the player must use the touchscreen, or other DS capabilities, such as the DS microphone.

A device in the game called the DAS (renamed DTS in the North American release) allows the player to save and load, read messages in the form of DAS data cards, and examine photographs. The photographs come from the player's in-game camera which can take up to 36 photographs at a time. An inventory list is also available to store items for later use. The player will sometimes encounter non-player characters in the game; to initiate dialog with them, the player must tap the talk icon.

Story and setting
The events of the game take place on the fictional Blood Edward Island. The game's protagonist, Ashley Mizuki Robbins, is the daughter of Richard and Sayoko Robbins, researchers of human memory. After her parents mysteriously went missing in 1994, they were presumed dead. Consequently, Ashley was raised by her father's younger sister, Jessica Robbins, in the suburbs of Seattle. Around this time, Ashley begins to suffer from a recurring nightmare, in which she is hiding inside a closet as a child and witnesses someone getting shot. Eleven years later, two days before her fourteenth birthday, Ashley receives a package from her father containing a birthday card and a device called a DAS. The DAS, programmed to respond only to Ashley's biometrics, contains a message from her father, claiming that he is waiting for her on Blood Edward Island.

Blood Edward Island is an island located off the coast of Washington in the United States. On November 13th, 2005, the day before her birthday, Jessica and Ashley ride over to Blood Edward Island on a boat, but Ashley's father is not there to greet them. Jessica goes to look for him, but when she doesn't return, Ashley ventures out to search for both of them. While exploring the island, Ashley also befriends D, a ghost who has lost his memories. D is only visible to Ashley, and wants to learn the truth behind his death. Together they enter the Edward Mansion, each looking for answers to their own questions.

As they explore Edward Mansion, Ashley and D begin to learn the history behind the Edward family, who are rumored to have all died one after the other, resulting in the island's name. At the same time, they begin to unravel the mystery surrounding Ashley's father, Richard, and their invitation to the island. Ashley eventually discovers that her mother, Sayoko, was murdered on the night of her third birthday, her recurring nightmare being a vague memory of that night. She also learns about "Another", a device with the ability to replace someone's real memories with false ones, which was created by Ashley's parents while they worked as memory researchers at MJ Labs. Its purpose was to help those who have PTSD and other forms of psychological trauma, by replacing their traumatic memories. Richard has the memory of being Sayoko's murderer and suspects his memory was replaced. During his time alone on Blood Edward he had developed "Another II", which allowed someone's true memories to be verified and returned, and locked it to the DAS, allowing only Ashley to activate it. After she activates "Another II", Ashley is relieved to find out that her father's true memory of the night of her mother's murder was, indeed, altered to make him remember shooting her mother. She returns his real memory of that night.

Ashley and Richard end up confronting Bill Edward, an old friend of Richard and Sayoko, who was also a scientist. While holding Richard at gunpoint in a cave, Bill forces Ashley to remember the night of her mother's murder, and she realizes that Bill was the culprit. Bill had been in love with Sayoko, however, she was happily committed to Richard. After they had finished the development of "Another", Richard and Sayoko tried to keep it out of reach of those that might use it for malicious purposes, and Sayoko eventually gave birth to Ashley, making the decision to give up being a scientist for good, to focus on her husband and daughter. In his jealousy and his rage over Sayoko's "betrayal", Bill broke into their family home to steal back "Another", shooting Sayoko. Just as Bill is about to shoot Richard, D appears before him and tells him that he's "making Franny cry"; the shock causes Bill to fall down a nearby drop, to his death.

Depending on how much Ashley and D have discovered regarding D's memories and the Edward family, D will either not remember his death, and will, therefore, be cursed to wander the island alone, or he will. In the case of the latter, it is revealed that D's real identity is "Daniel Edward", a young boy from the Edward family. Daniel's uncle shot and killed his father in a tragic misunderstanding over inheritance. Having witnessed this, D ran in fear from his uncle into the cave, where he fell to his death; the last thing he saw was his uncle's outstretched hand, attempting to save him. After this incident, the uncle shot himself out of guilt, and his daughter, Franny, left the island, as the sole survivor of her family. She became the mother of Bill Edward. Having finally found his answers, D is able to depart to the afterlife in peace.

Richard and Ashley meet up with Jessica, and the three leave the island, to now be "together forever". If the player is using a new game plus save data, they will get a post-credit scene where Ashley receives a letter wishing her a happy "sweet sixteen", foreshadowing the events of the sequel.

Development
Another Code started development in February 2004, and was officially announced by Nintendo on October 7, under the working title Another. The first playable demo of the game debuted during the November 2004 Nintendo World Japanese tour. At a Nintendo retailer conference in January 2005, the release date was set for Japan on February 24. The release date for Europe was set on June 24, under the title Another Code: Two Memories. The game was showcased at E3 2005 under the title Trace Memory. It was released in North America on September 27.

Rika Suzuki, game designer and scenario writer for the game, said that she "prefer[s] stories that are emotionally moving", and that, "one thing that is reflected in my work is the idea of memories as a device for moving the story along. One of the things I try to acknowledge is the difference between a recollection and a memory". She said that "Another Code is set over the course of one day, and it's a very special day", and that something she finds interesting to portray in a story is "when you wake up in the morning, you could have an extraordinary day which will be memorable for the rest of your life". Additionally, she explained: "When [my father] was very young he lived in Shanghai, and because of the disease he became able to draw very detailed maps of the area, which he couldn't before. That stimulated me to think a lot more about memory". Suzuki's father had Alzheimer's disease.

Another Code was originally displayed from a quarter view, but was later changed to a top-down perspective due to difficulties with controlling the game using the stylus, and in an attempt to make it more user-friendly for players not used to a 3D game. Taisuke Kanasaki, the game's director and character designer, said that the development team always considers the relation a puzzle has to a game's story, and, "even if we could invent an amazing idea for a puzzle, it might not be adopted without a solid relationship with the story". Suzuki said she thought the burden on the programmers was quite large. Lead Programmer Kazuhiko Hagihara reportedly had disagreements with Kanasaki during the latter half of development. The game's protagonist, Ashley Robbins, was designed by Kanasaki to appeal to both male and female players. She was originally intended to be 17 years old, but her age was later changed to 14 by Suzuki.

Ann Lin of Nintendo of America's Product Development Department stated that there are several differences between Another Code's original Japanese text and the North American translation. She commented: "I think that a believable character, a believable person would have certain feelings of betrayal, not just acceptance. I wanted to explore that just a little. I think the [Japanese text] was a little more accepting, not really questioning the weirdness of meeting a ghost or any of the [strange] circumstances that had befallen her".

Suzuki later said the game had a large impact in Japan, and that "one thing that I am particularly proud of is that if you go into a games shop in Japan now there is an adventure corner, and that's something that we feel we've contributed to coming back". She also said that "the company feels that with our games you don't need the special skills required to play other games. There is no gender or age classification, it's just you and the story".

Reception
Another Code was the 123rd best-selling game of 2005 in Japan, with 105,452 copies sold. The game also placed 32nd on the list of best-selling DS games of 2005 in Europe, with around 15,000 copies sold in the United Kingdom.

The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of one nine, one ten, and two eights for a total of 35 out of 40. The game was considered by many reviewers to be aimed at a younger audience, or "a good introduction to the graphic adventure genre". PJ Hruschak of CiN Weekly commented that some critics referred to the game as "Myst for Kids".

The game was praised for its story and graphics; Matt Wales of Computer and Video Games said: "From the gorgeous hand drawn artwork and gloriously detailed 3D environments to the intimate and expertly paced storyline, the game maintains a light and uniquely engaging atmosphere throughout". Jason Hill of The Sydney Morning Herald said the game possessed "a rich plot exploring themes of love, grief, ambition and memory [that] complements engaging characters", and Kristan Reed of Eurogamer remarked that "Another Code does a great job of structuring the game well to keep you guessing". GamesMaster described the graphics as "an enticing mix of cutesy anime portraits and lovely 3D environments", and Bethany Massimilla of GameSpot thought that "the 2D art in the game is where all the richness of detail is".

Jeremy Parish of 1UP.com complained that the game's puzzles were extremely unoriginal, with the comment that "the devices and gimmicks used to obstruct progress are so hoary that archaeologists have unearthed ancient clay tablets inscribed with Trace Memory puzzle solutions". This sentiment was echoed to lesser degree by several reviewers. However, Parish said that "maybe that's not entirely fair. The DS is. . . [Nintendo's] attempt to branch out beyond traditional gamers; it's quite likely that the target audience for Trace Memory really is 13-year-old girls, just like Ashley". He ended the review by saying: "Trace Memory is the very definition of a safe, comfortable, middle-of-the-road experience".

GamesMaster praised the game's control scheme as "absolutely brilliant" and "[the] best ever". They said that the implementation of DS capabilities would cause players to "re-evaluate the way you approach in-game puzzles", and that "the DS-specific puzzles are, without exception, uniformly fab". He noted that "more action-oriented gamers could well find Another's puzzles linear and obscure, constant backtracking frustrating". The game received praise for its interface from other reviewers: Reed called it "brilliantly implemented", and Wales said it was "fantastically slick".

The game's length garnered much negative response, as did its lack of replay value. Massimilla stated that "you could burn through the entirety of Trace Memory in about four or five hours in a single marathon session", and Craig Harris of IGN called it "very, very short for an adventure game". Wales thought that "there's little to encourage replay". The game was also criticized for its use of backtracking; several reviewers were irritated by the game design decision that "certain items can only be collected once you've found a use for them".

Another Code was a nominee for GameSpot's 2005 "Best Adventure Game" award, which ultimately went to Fahrenheit. The editors wrote: "Trace Memory serves up an interesting story with a handful of inspired puzzles that are all too quickly conquered". In 2011, Adventure Gamers named Another Code the 60th-best adventure game ever released. In 2014, Another Code was named the 92nd greatest game released on a Nintendo console by Official Nintendo Magazine.

The Another Code series is represented in two iterations of the Nintendo crossover fighting series Super Smash Bros. through collectable stickers, a trophy, and a spirit. In Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Ashley appears as a trophy, and she and other characters appear as stickers. Her Another Code: R – A Journey into Lost Memories design appears as a spirit in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.

title: Another Code: Two Memories


text: User talk:69.136.244.178

title: User talk:69.136.244.178


text:
User:Alarobric

Hi, I'm now an engineer living in beautiful British Columbia. I've been using Wikipedia for years, and it saved me often during university. I made a few edits while back in high school, but I've recently started getting more active again. Mostly active around B.C. communities. Please feel free to comment on my talk page.

I'm interested in math, programming, orienteering and cross-country skiing.

Created pages

 * Savona, British Columbia
 * Kamloops Lake
 * Thompson Nicola
 * Glacier National Park (Canada)
 * Arrow Lakes
 * Clearwater, British Columbia
 * Smithers, British Columbia

Major Edits

 * Kamloops, British Columbia
 * Mount Revelstoke National Park
 * Glacier National Park (Canada)

Works in Progress

 * Kamloops, British Columbia
 * Cross-country skiing

I've also done a lot of changing general stubs to more specific Canada-place-stubs.

title: User:Alarobric


text:
Are You Dave Gorman?

Are You Dave Gorman? is the title of a stage show by the British documentary comedian Dave Gorman and the book of the same name, co-written by Gorman and Danny Wallace. The BBC television series The Dave Gorman Collection—Gorman's first television show—was based on the show. The original show was created for the 2000 Edinburgh Festival Fringe. It was nominated for a Perrier award. An extended version of the show was taken to the West End, then to the Melbourne International Comedy Festival (where it was nominated for a Barry Award), the HBO US Comedy Arts Festival in Aspen, Colorado (where it won the Jury Award for Best One Person Show) and finally to New York where it ran for more than three months and was named Best Comedy Show of 2001 by Time Out New York.

Evolution
The show originated following a drunken bet between Dave Gorman and his friend Danny Wallace. The bet was thus: Gorman claimed that he shared the name "Dave Gorman" with the assistant manager of East Fife F.C. and that there must be "loads" of others around. Wallace disagreed with him. So the two travelled to Methil (from London—several hundred miles), with a polaroid camera, to meet the assistant manager, whose name was indeed Dave Gorman. More trips followed, to meet more Dave Gormans. During a trip to New York, Gorman applied somewhat arbitrary criteria to exclude one man from the list on the grounds that a metal plaque outside his offices showed his name as "B. David Gorman" (his justification for this—given on his web forum—was "You've got to have rules"). He did, however, count meeting an actor who had once played a character called Dave Gorman.

Initially the bet was fairly vague, but on the way to meet Dave Gormans numbers three and four, they debated what "loads" meant. Wallace decided on one for every card in the deck including the jokers (54). They tried to keep within a distance of 300 - 500 mi per Dave Gorman, to show that the name was very common, but not too common.

Stage show
To aid the search, Gorman created a stage-show about their travels that was also used to appeal for further Dave Gormans to come forward. The show was called Are You Dave Gorman? This acquired something of a cult following and several people helped Dave in his quest, which he did eventually complete. Five even changed their names by deed poll to Dave Gorman—two of them women.

Television show
All this came to the attention of the BBC, who gave Gorman a series, co-written and co-produced by Wallace. For copyright reasons, the title was changed to The Dave Gorman Collection. The show was effectively the same as the stage show, and took the form of televised lectures, in which he explained what he had done. The six episodes were directed by Pati Marr. Later, after the TV series was broadcast, a book entitled Are You Dave Gorman? was written by Gorman and Wallace.

Once the TV show existed Gorman stopped touring the show in the UK, instead taking it to several overseas festivals and later running the show for three months off-Broadway—a run which saw him appearing as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman.

Two Australian soap operas have named fictional characters Dave Gorman as an in-joke and the comedian has been bombarded with so many e-mails about it that he has had to publicly appeal to people to stop sending him details of other Dave Gormans.

The show was released on DVD on 19 February 2007 under the title Are You Dave Gorman?. It is, however, only available to buy from his website and on Recordstore.

title: Are You Dave Gorman?


text: User talk:68.150.180.147

title: User talk:68.150.180.147


text:
Sigil (disambiguation)

A sigil is a type of symbol used in magic.

Sigil may also refer to:

Arts and entertainment

 * Sigil (comics), a comic book series published by CrossGen
 * Sigil (Dungeons & Dragons), a city in the Planescape campaign for the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game
 * Sigil (mod), a 2019 Doom mod developed by Romero Games
 * Sigil, a 2003 album by Cauda Pavonis
 * Sigil, a 2006 album by Nuru Kane

Computing

 * Sigil (application), a free, open-source editing software for e-books in the EPUB format
 * Sigil (computer programming), a symbol affixed to a variable name, showing the variable's datatype or scope

Organizations

 * Sigil Games Online, a video game developer based in Carlsbad, California
 * Sigil Collective, an art and architecture collective based in Beirut and New York City, founded by Salim Al-Kadi, Khaled Malas, Alfred Tarazi, and Jana Traboulsi

Seals

 * Seal (emblem), a device for making an impression on a material and the impression made by it
 * Sigillion, a type of legal document publicly affirmed with a seal

Other uses

 * Sigillum, a taxonomic synonym of Polygonatum, a genus of flowering plants

title: Sigil (disambiguation)


text:
Set It Off (Thousand Foot Krutch album)

Set It Off is the first studio album released by Canadian Christian rock band Thousand Foot Krutch. The album features a fusion of heavy nu metal and softer rap rock songs, mixed with some pop punk influence. Some of the songs were from their independent album, That's What People Do. It was originally released on April 14, 2000. A remastered version of the disc, including six extra tracks, was issued on September 7, 2004. This is the last album to feature guitarist Dave Smith, who left the band in 2002 and the only album to feature drummer Geoff Laforet, who left the band in 2001.

Personnel

 * Trevor McNevan, credited as "Lipsick" - vocals and rhythm guitar:
 * Dave Smith, credited as "The Thing" - lead guitar
 * Joel Bruyere, credited as "Cheetah" - bass and acoustic guitars
 * Geoff Laforet, credited as "Johnny Orbital" - drums
 * Thousand Foot Krutch - producer, mixing, mastering, art direction
 * D.J. DOVE - executive producer, co-producer, mixing, turntables, samples, art direction, A & R
 * Bryan LeBrun - recording engineer at Desert Moon Recordings - Anaheim, California, mixing, mastering
 * Andrew Horrocks - recording engineer at A.M.E. Studios - Ontario, Canada

 * Additional Musicians
 * Steve McCrumm - strings
 * Ian Tanner - keyboards
 * Christian Harvey - additional drums
 * D.J. Circa - turntables
 * Principal Media Group Studios - design and layout
 * Doug Macklin - artwork
 * Shane from Boomerang Photography - photography
 * All songs written by: T. McNevan, D. Smith, J. Bruyere, J. LaForet.

Track listing (2004 version)
Tracks 6,10,11,13-18 are from Thousand Foot Krutch's independent release That's What People Do

Personnel (2004)

 * Vocals and guitar: Trevor McNevan
 * Bass guitar: Joel Bruyere
 * Drums: Steve Augustine
 * Track 1 Produced by: Gavin Brown and mixed by Scott Humphrey at The Chop Shop - Hollywood, California
 * Tracks 2-13 Produced by: Thousand Foot Krutch
 * 2004 Remix by: JR McNeely at East Iris Studio - Nashville, Tennessee
 * Tracks 14-18 Produced by: Thousand Foot Krutch with Andrew Horrocks at A.M.E. Studios - Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
 * Mastered by: Troy Glessner at Spectre Mastering - Renton, Washington
 * A & R: 'Brandon Ebel
 * Art direction and design by: Asterik Studio - Seattle, Washington
 * New band photography by: Kris McCaddon
 * Archive band photography by: Miscellaneous
 * All songs written by Trevor McNevan, Dave Smith, Joel Bruyere & Geoff Laforet © 2004 Thirsty Moon River Publishing (ASCAP), Teerawk Music Publishing (ASCAP/SOCAN), Pockethood Publishing (ASCAP/SOCAN), Spinning Audio Vortex (BMI) & Whatthewhat Music Publishing (BMI/SOCAN)
 * (P) and © 2004 Tooth & Nail Records. Manufactured by Tooth & Nail Records, PO Box 12698, Seattle, WA 98111. Distributed in USA by EMI CMG Distribution. Tooth & Nail Reg. U.S. Pat. and TM Off. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.

Awards
In 2005, the 2004 version of the album was nominated for a Dove Award for Rock Album of the Year at the 36th GMA Dove Awards.

title: Set It Off (Thousand Foot Krutch album)


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Falkenbergs FF

Falkenbergs Fotbollsförening, also known simply as Falkenbergs FF, Falkenberg or (especially locally) FFF, is a Swedish football club based in Falkenberg. Formed on 3 January 1928, the club plays in the third highest Swedish league, Ettan Fotboll. Falkenberg are affiliated with Hallands Fotbollförbund.

History
During the first thirty seasons of Falkenbergs FF, the club spent most of its time in Division 3. In the early years, the club also played bandy and handball.

In the early seventies (1973 and 1974), FFF were in Division 6. However, they would then start ascending in the Swedish league system, earning two consecutive promotions in 1986 to Division 2 and in 1987 to Division 1, which was then the second tier of Swedish football. The following season in 1988, Falkenberg played their first season in the second division.

After twelve rounds of play in 1998, Falkenbergs FF led Division 1 Södra and had their sights set on qualifying for Allsvenskan. But the club's success would not last all 26 rounds and they finished seventh in the league table.

Managers

 * Source:

 * 🇸🇪 Thure Claesson (1929–31)
 * 🇸🇪 Henning Svensson (1932–33)
 * 🇸🇪 Tobbi Svenson (1934–46)
 * 🇸🇪 Erik Göransson (1947)
 * 🇸🇪 Henry Antfors (1948–50)
 * 🇸🇪 Nils Rydell (1951)
 * 🇸🇪 Gösta Lambertsson (1952)
 * 🇸🇪 Tobbi Svenson (1953–54)
 * 🇸🇪 Gunnar Rydberg & Axel Löfgren (1955)
 * 🇸🇪 Gunnar Rydberg (1956)
 * 🇸🇪 John Vikdahl (1957–58)
 * 🇸🇪 Rune Ludvigsson & Fingal Mårtensson (1959)
 * 🇸🇪 Ingemar Pettersson (1960)
 * 🇸🇪 Gunnar Svensson (1961–63)
 * 🇸🇪 Rolf Johansson (1964–65)
 * 🇸🇪 Gunnar Svensson (1966–67)
 * 🇸🇪 Hans Ambrosius (1968)
 * 🇸🇪 Alf Jönsson (1969–70)
 * 🇸🇪 Ove Bernhard & Rolf Jakobsson (1971–72)
 * 🇸🇪 Hans Ambrosius (1973)
 * 🇸🇪 Lars Nylander (1974–76)
 * 🇸🇪 Jan Anders Andersson (1977–79)
 * 🇸🇪 Bengt Carnelid (1980–81)
 * 🇸🇪 Hasse Selander (1982–84)
 * 🇸🇪 PG Skoglund (1985–86)
 * 🇸🇪 Olle Kristenson (1987–89)
 * 🏴 Bryan King (1990–91)
 * 🇸🇪 Stig Kristensson (1992–96)
 * 🇸🇪 Rutger Backe & Sven Sjöholm (1997)
 * 🇸🇪 Roberto Jakobsson (1997–99)
 * 🇸🇪 Uno Andersson (2000–01)
 * 🇸🇪 Örjan Glans (2002–03)
 * 🇸🇪 Lars Borgström (2004)
 * 🇸🇪 Stig Kristensson (2004–07)
 * 🇸🇪 Thomas Askebrand (2008–12)
 * 🇸🇪 Hans Eklund (2013)
 * 🇸🇪 Henrik Larsson (2014)
 * 🇸🇪 Hans Eklund (2015–2022)
 * 🇸🇪 Christoffer Andersson (2022–present)

League

 * Superettan:
 * Winners (1): 2013

title: Falkenbergs FF


text:
Witchcraft in the Philippines

Witchcraft (Ang pangkukulam) has been present throughout the Philippines even before Spanish colonization, and is associated with indigenous Philippine folk religions. Its practice involves black magic, specifically a malevolent use of sympathetic magic. Today, practices are said to be centered in Siquijor, Cebu, Davao, Talalora, Western Samar, and Sorsogon, where many of the country's faith healers reside. Witchcraft also exists in many of the hinterlands, especially in Samar and Leyte; however, witchcraft is known and occurs anywhere in the country.

In the Philippines, witches are said to use black magic and related practices, depending on the ethnic group they are associated with. Witchcraft in the Philippines is completely different from modern Western notions of a "witch", as each ethnic group has their own definition and practices attributed to witches. In the Philippines, witches in the traditional non-Westernized sense are malevolent forces who can be sought after to inflict curses on others, although in few instances, they can also bring justice when injustices occur by way of curses. The curses and other machinations of witches can be lifted by Filipino shamans associated with the indigenous Philippine folk religions. When shamans were demonized by colonizers and followers of the colonial faiths, most shamans were replaced by traditional healers influenced by the Christian or Islamic faiths.

Terminology
Each ethnic group in the Philippines has their own terms for witches. Some of these are as follows:

 * Tagalog: mangkukulam, manggagaway
 * Waray: aswang, malupad, malakat, mambabarang
 * Bisaya: aswang, mambabarang

The practice of witchcraft among Filipino ethnic groups also has unique terms. Some of these are as follow:

 * Ilocano: tanem, tamay
 * Tagalog: kulam, gaway
 * Visayan: barang, hiwit, lágà, haplit, paktol, anyaw
 * Moro: pantak

Black magic
Filipino witches are believed to have powers that cause harm to other people covertly. Healer-sorcerers who practice this kind of sorcery usually justify it as a form of criminal punishment, as a widespread belief is that black magic does not work on people who are innocent. Their targets are usually "wrongdoers" like thieves, adulterous spouses, or land grabbers. There are also "true" sorcerers who are said to have hereditary sorcerous powers. Unlike healers, they do not consider the justice of their actions. The latter type of sorcerers are often conflated with the evil supernatural beings capable of appearing human, like aswang and manananggal.

One of the most common kinds of black magic is a malevolent use of sympathetic magic. This is known by various names like kulam, gaway (Tagalog); barang, hiwit, lágà (Visayan); tanem, tamay (Ilocano); and pantak (Moro). Despite the differences in terminology, the methods are almost identical across the Philippine islands (and indeed, across Southeast Asia). This type of sorcery uses beetles, effigies, poppets, a boiling pot or some other type of representation of the target victim. These are usually "linked" by including bodily exuviae like hair or nail clippings. These are activated by chants, spells, or symbols (sometimes syncretized with Christian or Muslim rituals). The sorcerer then either harms the effigy to cause corresponding harm to the victim, or physically "sends" objects into the victim's body (which can range from insects, stones, to pins). In some instances, the ingredients of the ritual themselves determine the effects. For example, adding seawater to a boiling pot "linked" to a victim is said to cause the victim's belly to swell and ache in time with the tides. This type of sorcery was documented as early as the 17th century by Francisco Combés.

Other malevolent powers are more direct. These include the ability to kill another person instantly with magic spells, the ability to cast curses or the evil eye, the ability to "abduct" a person's soul, or the ability to send evil spirits or familiar animals to possess or harm the victim.

Some of these purportedly sorcerous powers may be explained by the use of poisons (hilo or lason) and sleight of hand. In most cases however, accusations of this type of black magic are often borne out of paranoia, moral panic, or mass hysteria against disliked or mistrusted members of the community, similar to the European witch-hunts. People accused of black magic were often subject to ostracization and in many cases, violence. This was especially true during the Spanish colonial period, where in one instance in the mid-19th century, a Filipino curate ordered the assassination of 57 people he suspected were sorcerers casting evil spells on his sick mother.

Sorcerous "attacks" are most commonly treated with sumbalik (counter-spells or antidotes), which are themselves, a form of sorcery and do not usually require interaction with the spirits. They purportedly deflect the effects of the curse and return it to the caster. In extreme cases, sumbalik can kill the caster. Other healing rituals against sorcery do not harm the caster, but instead supposedly moves them to pity and thus revoke the curse.

Methods
Kulam uses beetles, effigies, poppets, a boiling pot or some other type of representation of the target victim. These are usually "linked" by including bodily exuviae like hair or nail clippings. These are activated by chants, spells, or symbols (sometimes syncretized with Christian or Muslim rituals). The sorcerer then either harms the effigy to cause corresponding harm to the victim, or physically "sends" objects into the victim's body (which can range from insects, stones, to pins). Earth (soil), fire, herbs, spices, candles, oils and kitchenwares and utensils are often used for rituals, charms, spells and potions. In some instances, the ingredients of the ritual themselves determine the effects. For example, adding seawater to a boiling pot "linked" to a victim is said to cause the victim's belly to swell and ache in time with the tides. This type of sorcery was documented as early as the 17th century by Francisco Combés. Barang (the term barang refers to a type of beetle in Visayan) usually employs a swarm of destructive insects, specifically carnivorous beetles. Other methods are usik (sharp magic, or induced illnesses using smaller insects), hilo and lason (poison magic), paktol (doll magic, using skulls or representations of the victim), laga (boiling magic, Lágà sometimes written as la-ga or la-aga, means to brew or to boil [in a pot] ), and sampal (sea creature magic). Other malevolent powers are more direct. These include the ability to kill another person instantly with magic spells, the ability to cast curses or the evil eye, the ability to "abduct" a person's soul, or the ability to send evil spirits or familiar animals to possess or harm the victim.

Practitioners
There are various names for sorcerers in Philippine ethnic groups. Most of these names have negative connotations, and thus is also translated to "witch" or "hag" in English sources. These witches actually include a variety of different kinds of people with differing occupations and cultural connotations which depend on the ethnic group they are associated with. They are completely different from the Western notion of what a witch is. They include Bikol: parakaraw; Ilocano: managtanem, managinulod, mannamay; Ivatan: mamkaw, manulib; Kapampangan: mangkukusim (or mangkukusino); Pangasinan: manananem, mangngibawanen; Tagalog: mangkukulam, manggagaway, may-galing, hukluban (or hukloban); Visayan:  dalagangan, dunganon, dalongdongan, busalian, mambabarang (or mamamarang, mamalarang, barangan), usikan (or osikan), paktolan, sigbinan, manughiwit, mamumuyag, mang-aawog (or mang-aawug, mang-aaug), Hiligaynon: manog hiwit. Other terms are the Spanish brujo and bruja (masculine and feminine forms of "witch"; Filipinized as bruho and bruha).

Aswang
The Aswang, vampire-like supernatural entities, are sometimes considered a type of witch since they can start out as an ordinary person. They have strong powers of sorcery (particularly shape-shifting) that they need to maintain by feeding on humans. They are also called ongo, kaskas, balbal, wakwak, manananggal, kikik, etc., depending on the form they take or the method of attack they prefer. It is generally believed that an aswang can not be born to normal parents. They either need to have an aswang parent or gain their curse through transference called salab. Depending on local beliefs, this can involve an aswang merely looking at a victim, contaminating the food of the victim with secretions, or by directly transferring their powers through touch on their deathbed.

Mangkukulam
A mangkukulam can be considered a Filipino witch, literally meaning "a practitioner of kulam". A curse is called a sumpâ (/soom-PA/), which can also be translated as a "vow" or "oath" and "curse". A mangkukulam may use a voodoo doll and a needle to cast spells on people they want to take revenge on, but largely use natural magic and superstitions similar to an arbularyo, or witch doctor. Both can be considered witches, but the main difference is that the arbularyo is more of a doctor who heals people, while a mangkukulam is a malevolent person who tricks and curses others. The primary methods employed by a mangkukulam are candle lighting rituals, scrying or tawas, recitation of spells, and concocting potions. Healer-sorcerers who practice Kulam usually justify it as a form of criminal punishment, as a widespread belief is that black magic does not work on people who are innocent. Their targets are usually "wrongdoers" like thieves, adulterous spouses, or land grabbers. There are also "true" sorcerers who are said to have hereditary sorcerous powers. Unlike healers, they do not consider the justice of their actions. The latter type of sorcerers are often conflated with the evil supernatural beings capable of appearing human, like aswang and manananggal. Modern popular culture also depicts the mangkukulam as using either photographs or the equivalent of a Voodoo doll. Modern popular culture also depicts mangkukulam as mainly doing only love potions and malicious curses, but more extreme depictions claim they can summon ghosts to haunt dolls, raise the dead (or at least control dead bodies), and other things related to necromancy.

Mambabarang
The Mambabarang is the Bisayan version of a sorcerer/sorceress, who uses insects and spirits to enter the body of any person they hate. Mambabarang are ordinary human beings with black magic who torture and later kill their victims by infesting their bodies with insects. They are different from mangkukulams - the latter only inflict pain or illness. Mambabarang use a strand of hair from their chosen victim and tie it to the bugs or worms which they will use as a medium. When they prick the bug, the victim immediately experiences the intended effect. The name is derived from the word barang. In legends the mambabarang keeps his swarm of carnivorous beetles in a bottle or a section of bamboo, carefully feeding them ginger root. When the practitioner decides to employ his dark art, he performs a prayer ritual wherein he whispers instructions and identifies the victim to the beetles. The destructive insects are then set free and to seek out the victim and gain entry into the body via any bodily orifice: the nose, mouth, ears, anus or dermal breaks such as open sores/wounds. The victim will then feel the effects of the invasion of the insects through manifestations depending on the area of entry; hemorrhoids if through the anus, ear ache if through the ears and other similar cases. The resulting illness is supposedly resistant to conventional medical treatment and only reveals its true nature when the victim succumbs and flying insects issue forth from bodily cavities. In reality, it is possible a carnivorous beetle could lay eggs in someone it killed, and the eggs would then hatch post-mortem.

Usikan
The Usikan, also known as the Buyagan, is a type of Visayan sorcerer that can inflict harm through words (buyag). They can affect not only people, but also plants, animals, and inanimate objects. They cause harm by complimenting someone or something, either unwittingly or with malevolent intent. To protect against this, people carefully avoid accepting compliments from strangers and may say the phrase "pwera buyag" (from Spanish fuera buyag) immediately after giving a compliment or receiving one. Various beliefs hold that the Usikan can be recognized by having a dark tongue or by being born with teeth. Unlike the other types of "witches", the power of the Usikan is innate, and is not acquired by choice. Nor are they innately malevolent, and in most cases, they are believed to be unaware that they possess the power.

Remedies
A typical belief of kulam is that curses are mitigated by finding the caster and bribing him or her to lift the curse. Superstitious people still attribute certain illnesses or diseases to kulam. This most often happens in rural areas, where an herbal doctor called an Albularyo, diagnoses a victim using a divination method called Pagtatawas and helps the victim cure his or her malady. Superstitious folks still attribute certain illnesses or diseases to barang. This most often happens in the provinces, where an herbal doctor, albularyo or a faith healer, a mananambal or sorhuana (female) / sorhuano (male) treats such diseases. In some rural provincial areas, people completely rely on the albularyo and mananambal for treatment. In most cases, a healer is also a sorcerer. In order to cure or counteract sorcerous illnesses, healers must themselves know sorcery. This relationship is most apparent in Siquijor Island, where healer-sorcerers are still common. The mananambal specialize in countering barang. As spiritual mediums and divinators, Filipino shamans are notable for countering and preventing the curses and powers of witches, notably through the usage of special items and chants.

Sorcerous "attacks" are most commonly treated with sumbalik (counter-spells or antidotes), which are themselves, a form of sorcery and do not usually require interaction with the spirits. They purportedly deflect the effects of the curse and return it to the caster. In extreme cases, sumbalik can kill the caster. Other healing rituals against sorcery do not harm the caster, but instead supposedly moves them to pity and thus revoke the curse. Illnesses believed to be caused by sorcery are treated with counter-spells, simple antidotes, and physical healing. Darker forms of remedies to kulam include Albularyos whipping the bewitched person with a Buntot Pagi (Stingray's Tail) until the afflicted is forced to divulge the witch's name and confronting him or her. This is done in the belief that the one who is getting hurt is the witch and not the bewitched.

title: Witchcraft in the Philippines


text:
Jason Weaver

Jason Michael Weaver (born July 18, 1979) is an American actor and singer best known for his roles as Marcus Henderson on The WB sitcom Smart Guy, Jerome Turrell on the short-lived sitcom Thea from 1993 to 1994, and the preteen Michael Jackson on the 1992 miniseries The Jacksons: An American Dream, which originally both aired on ABC. He was also the singing voice of the young Simba in Walt Disney Feature Animation's 1994 film The Lion King. He was featured on Chingy's 2004 hit single "One Call Away", which peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100. He played Teddy in the 2006 hit movie ATL.

Acting career
One of Weaver's earliest acting roles was on Oprah Winfrey's 1990 television series Brewster Place. He went on to portray a young Michael Jackson in the 1992 miniseries The Jacksons: An American Dream, and starred on the television sitcoms Thea (1993–1994) and Smart Guy (1997–1999). In 1994, he provided the singing voice of young Simba in Disney's animated feature film The Lion King.

In 2002, Weaver appeared in Drumline with Nick Cannon, followed by a role in The Ladykillers in 2004. In 2004, he also was a featured artist in the song "One Call Away", as well as in the music video that also starred Keshia Knight Pulliam and AND1 baller Phillip "Hot Sauce" Champion. In 2006, Weaver was featured in a supporting role in the film ATL starring rappers T.I. and Big Boi from OutKast. He also appeared as an extra in the music video "Rock Yo Hips" by Crime Mob featuring Lil Scrappy and "Make Up Bag" by The-Dream featuring T.I. In 2011, he starred in the film He's Mine Not Yours alongside Caryn Ward, Wendy Raquel Robinson, Carl Anthony Payne II and Clifton Powell. He is also in the hit TV show The Chi.

Focus on music
Weaver is also a recording artist. He provided vocals for his role as Michael Jackson in The Jacksons: An American Dream and as the singing voice of the cub Simba in Disney's 1994 animated feature film The Lion King.

His debut album, Love Ambition, was released on Motown Records on June 27, 1995. He released two versions of the song "Stay with Me".

In 2003, he collaborated with hip-hop rapper Chingy on the track "One Call Away". The single was a top five hit in the United States.

Personal life
Weaver is the son of Marilyn "Kitty" Haywood and Robert Lincoln Weaver. His mother is a member of the Chicago-based female vocal group Kitty & the Haywoods, who backed with the late Aretha Franklin on the soundtrack album to the 1970s film Sparkle. He studied at Thornwood High School. Weaver has one son named Jaylen.

title: Jason Weaver


text:
User talk:R3m0t/Reports2

What do you mean by your comment regarding an offer of Gmail addresses on my talk page? Also, is there any way for me to receive the source code used to generate your reports without using e-mail? Bart133 (t) 01:14, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I mean that because you helped, I'm being nice and offering you up to 3 gmail addresses. I would need to send you the invite codes by email. Also, yes, I can post them here if you want. r3m0t 07:13, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This is released under GPL.

<?php header('Content-type: text/plain'); set_time_limit(0); if (empty($_GET['c'])) { die('Use ?c=and'); } function nl { print "\r\n"; } mysql_connect('localhost','wikiuser','') or die('no conn'); mysql_select_db('wikipedia-en'); $str = $_GET['c']; $lim = 'LIMIT 1'; $q = mysql_query("SELECT cur_id, cur_namespace, cur_title, cur_text FROM cur WHERE cur_text LIKE '% $str $str %' ORDER BY cur_title $lim"); while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($q)) { print "* {$row['cur_title']}"; nl; preg_match_all("/.{1,20} $str $str .{1,20}/i",$row['cur_text'],$matches,PREG_SET_ORDER); foreach ($matches as $match) { $m = preg_replace("/$str $str/i"," $0 ",htmlentities($match[0])); print "*: $m "; nl; $o2 .= "$m {$row['cur_title']}\r\n"; } } nl; print $o2; ?>

This needs to be modified. Queries should be at 1 every 10 seconds, these could be combined, it needs to save output of the first script to a file, it could take words to search for from a list, etc. r3m0t 21:30, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:R3m0t/Reports2


title: File:KeystoAscension2slipcase.jpg


text:
User:SPUI/Chicago double-decker streets

Bridges:

Other references

 * m.t.r post
 * Lakeshore East map
 * "Ramps connecting Lower and Upper Wacker have been permanently closed at Lake Street and Wabash to reduce accidents.The ramp at Randolph has been converted into an up-ramp to make it easier for CTA buses to go to the Metra stations. The principal access points in and out of Lower Wacker are now at Garvey Court, Garland Court and at Post Place. "We decided on fewer ramps but to make them more intelligent," said Deputy Transportation Commissioner Stan Kaderbek."
 * bridge photos
 *
 * buses on Lower Wacker: 120 121 122 123

title: User:SPUI/Chicago double-decker streets


text:
User talk:Tokek/Archive 1

Thank you for your change on WikiProject Mathematics/PlanetMath Exchange/51-XX Geometry. I had that page machine generated, and some encoding issues caused the typos you fixed. And now, the standard

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Oleg Alexandrov 01:15, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Planetmath project
Hey, its me again. Thank you for your comparing PlanetMath articles with what we have here. I would like to ask you just a small favor. When you put a comment about how the articles compare, could you please sign it with 4 tildas? In this way we will know who made that comparision, and most importantly, when it was made. This because more comparisons might be done in the future, when both the Wikipedia and the PlanetMath articles will evolve. Thanks. Oleg Alexandrov 02:48, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Encoding issues
Thanks for the correction of my WP:PMEX edit. I analysed "ErdÃ¶s" and found out that it is a UTF-8 byte sequence of "Erdös" interpreted as an ISO-8859-1 byte sequence. Are you interested in fixing the mojibakes?--Tokek 11:50, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It would be nice. But to do that, I think one needs to go thru each page and do a search and replace. I think I (we) will do that as we gradually work our way towards copying things from PlanetMath to here. So I expect things will get fixed but in time. Oleg Alexandrov 15:49, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Re:Talk:Round Table (band)
It is not currently standard procedure to move closed vfd debates to talk pages, but this debate was moved almost a year ago when it was very much standard procedure to do so. - SimonP 21:18, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * You can move it, but there a hundreds of pages just like it. The reason the system was changed was not because people were unhappy with it, but rather because the changes to the VfD format made moving the page impractical. If it were possible we would go back to moving the arguments to the talk pages rather than simply linking them. - SimonP 21:48, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

I Need your help on 'Move Tsushima Islands' Issue
Hi! You appear to be an QUALIFIED interested disinterested bystander... I'm just making the rounds to everyone that has made their mark on Tsushima Islands which lead me to Fg2, (thence to Kigo, then YOU! Congrats! Booby Prize, but I badly need some responisble People to help me mediate therein that are familiar with things Japanese... Sorry, but I infer that's still YOU!) in the last month trying to mediate this flaming revert war — I can use your help — Bring lots O water! (Better yet Beer) Frank
 * This is the message I've been dropping on anyone on the Talk or Article pages since 13 May, I'd appreciate it if you can familarize yourself on the small article and stand-by to jump in on Tuesday with some cogent watersprays from a logical firehose! Thanks for the trouble -- the issue is trivial, (Is proper name plural or singular, Forsooth!) save there seem to be at least two teens in a war going well over three hundred edits in this one month sampling interval, over 70 edits in the past three days.

 * I would appreciate a rational explaination (after you read my Comments in the subject dispute Talk:Tsushima Islands), of the arguement or arguments you consider vital and germane to the discusion and vote. Frankly, MOST all of you are being silly over nothing of particular importance, since both names can be redirected into the one used. I have left a comment concerning my contribution to the article, which contribution — seems to have triggered the current edit and revision wars. For that I apologize, but see the Comments on the vote. I am also taking the liberty of putting the vote section AFTER the Comments about same.
 * Still, I have just spent over four hours of valuable spare time, and would welcome your thoughts after you read and understand the distinction I put forth between a governments termonology as a governing body and a geographical reference like an archepelego, which it certainly is.
 * More to the point, I'd like to see your defense regarding your favorite POV of what I had to say viz a viz the mergest attitude of the senior editors and administrators that frequent the VfD discussions. To my recollection, I don't recollect any of you hotheads in this dispute ever spending anytime thereon, possibly excepting Mel Etitis, but rarely even then.
 * In any event, I'm neutral here, and have asked that the article be kept EDIT FREE for the next three days by placing  The Inuse template into it — I'd copyedited over two and half hours before I suspended that effort the other night because this shameful fued was going on — proper English grammer does depend, unfortunately, on whether one uses the plural or the singular. I saved that on my hard drive, but I don't need to wade through yet another 70 edits to finish the job. As it is, this matter will probably double the time it takes for such a simple job.
 * If you are local to Japan, some history of the canals or Sea-channel is certainly germane to the ongoing discussion, moreover, any cogent arguement you condsider being particularly telling needs to be clearly repeated in the current on going comments if you want them counted on in the vote.
 * I will make sure this message goes to each contributor to the article the past month, so you are not being singled out. Now is the time to take a deep breath, for rational concise summaries, not all the arguing that is so wearisome in 66 printed pages - half a novelette, I'd guess! It's certainly a lot to ask your fellow editors to wade through on a minor issue.
 * I will also personally be making sure that at least a dozen other Administrators I'm acquainted with take a look at the debate after the time below. I will in fact ask for twenty commitments, so be clear and respectful of our time!!!
 * Thankyou for your time, attention, and good professional behaviour. I'll check the Talk state again no sooner than Monday around Noon (UTC), And ask the uninvolved others to do the same. PLEASE BE CONCISE. 24.61.229.179 03:03, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * 24.61.229.179 03:03, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Well that's my heads up, and appeal -- Hope you can help. I really don't have a dog in this fight! If you can alert a few others qualified on matters Japanese, by all means, please do so!

Tsushima (Island(s))
Concerning this issue, I would greatly appreciate if you could discuss with me personally on this controversial issue to which you propose a move, and if you wish, my objections are found at Talk:Tsushima Islands Also, I would be happy if you are willing to counter-state your views. Your co-operation will be greatly appreciated. Thanks. Mr Tan 05:06, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Anime/ manga magazines
The category "anime and manga magazines" is a merge of two categories, "anime magazines" and "manga magazines." I thought that the two weren't different enough to deserve different categories, that there weren't enough articles in either category to warrant a split, and that many anime/ manga 'zines included both subjects, so they should all be in one category. I asked a fellow Wikipedian, Premeditated Chaos, what she thought I should do, and she told me just to merge them. I'm sorry if I did something wrong, but you can always change it back, right? ^^;Purplefeltangel 9 July 2005 00:49 (UTC)
 * I have no idea what an anime magazine is. I think it's just a magazine that talks about anime. I just thought the categories were superfluous. You do what you want to do with those categories. ♥purplefeltangel 02:02, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Akuma (mythology)
Hi. I'm not sure about this as I only split off the text from the main akuma page. I assumed its not actually from a manga or anime, but is part of traditional japanese mythology. You can see in the main akuma page that it is also used in japanese to mean demon and other things, so I would assume it is an old term. Sorry can't help any further. - Master Of Ninja 4 July 2005 06:05 (UTC)

 * Hi again. The actual text is from the original akuma page, which was moved to the Akuma (Street Fighter character) - see here . From the street fighter article you can see in the history of the page that the akuma section was moved on the 20th August. I'm not sure where the information is from, but i do assume that it really is japanese mythology. The only way to tell would be to get someone to research it in Japan. If you need any more help just post to my page. - Master Of Ninja 4 July 2005 19:58 (UTC)

Thanks for your review
Hi and many thanks for adding that detail to the VFD/Chinese raping chair page. I'm well impressed :-)
 * - Veledan 5 July 2005 20:33 (UTC)

Kuril Islands dispute
Please consider removing your voting section. It would be preferable to acknowledge the consensus against Northern Territories (I see it's what you want, but this happens sometimes); and start a new discussion below on the three Kuril island variants. Or why not leave well enough alone? Septentrionalis 17:52, 31 July 2005 (UTC) Good luck, in any case. Septentrionalis 21:47, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

Northwest Territory
I think it's better for people to land on a page and know immediately what their retreat options are, rather than having to forge ahead to another page to figure out where they might want to go. Thanks. jengod 18:39, July 31, 2005 (UTC)

Bifauxnen
Hi, and thanks very much! That's an amazingly solid-looking article, but I suppose I need to vote Delete all the same, after your sorry Google list. Note that the Hentai Dictionary is also Wikipedia dependent, btw—check out the definition page you get when you click through hits 11 or 12 to the Bifauxnen article. Just to make sure, though, I'm holding off voting till the family member who actually knows about anime wakes up. I'm only a sham myself. :-) Thanks again. Bishonen | talk 08:16, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

iTunes external link
I noticed that you recently edited the iTunes article and I was hoping you might be able to offer an objective opinion here. As you can see, there is controversy concerning the issue. However, I was hoping the external article might be considered on its merits, not on suspicions of my motivations. Again, your comment/vote would be appreciated. Thanks. Uriah923 15:23, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

Curry bread
I know you've put a stub tag on the article, but could you add one more bit of detail just for my own personal satisfaction, since you obviously are familiar with curry bread? What kind of curry? This curry bread stuff sounds excellent (mmm.. curry sandwiches), but is it just curry powder baked into the bread, a layer of curry paste, or a complete vegetable, meat or seafood curry? Tonywalton | Talk 20:56, 19 September 2005 (UTC) (with mouth watering)

Mikan
As far as I know, mikan isn't a Japanese word for citrus, although "mikan rui" is the general classification for citrus plants. I looked at the dictionary quoted and neither the Japanese to English nor the Japanese to Japanese entries supports your assertion. --DannyWilde 13:18, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Here it is, definition 1:

みかん 1 【▼蜜▼柑】 (1)ウンシュウミカン・ナツミカン・ダイダイ・オレンジ・ザボンなどの柑橘類の総称. (2)特にウンシュウミカンをいい、古くはキシュウミカンをいった. ［季］秋.

 * Unfortunately, I will have to go offline since I have to go.--Tokek 13:23, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, I read it, but that doesn't say it is a Japanese word for citrus. Japanese people use "mikan" where English speakers might say "oranges". I don't understand you. How many Japanese people would say a lemon (which is a citrus) was a kind of "mikan"? I think none. --DannyWilde 13:54, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

 * In the Japanese Wikipedia, "柑橘類" redirects to "カンキツ," and the English article for it is "Citrus." Also, the English-to-Japanese and Japanese-toEnglish dictionaries at dictionary.goo.ne.jp point out that these terms are equivalent. You say you don't understand, but I don't understand which part is not evident. --Tokek 11:02, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Do you think Japanese people call a lemon, or even a yuzu, a "mikan"? If you think so then please provide evidence. --DannyWilde 12:10, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

 * By above definition the word can be used to mean citrus in general, including lemons. I will not "provide evidence" to validate a dictionary, I will assume a dictionary to be valid. The polite thing to do instead of removing another's contribution you are unsure of is to ask first, or at least have something, like facts, to back up your own claim. Otherwise just trust what dictionaries say. Constantly, people who were familiar with only one definition of a word are surprised to find that said word has more than one usage.--Tokek 10:48, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

South Sakhalin dispute
The entire content was self-evident from the title, which is one of the speedy deletion criteria. It does need a proper article, though - if you're interested to write it, be my guest. Ambi 10:08, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

Kumi Koda
Thank you very much for taking the time to check out the validity of the links in the article about Kumi Koda! -- chsf 17:00 2006/01/30 (CET)

RE: Soul Society
No need, an alternate name in a Bleach-related article is put down to avoid confusion, and it's enough that one group (official or fan) calls it with that name. For example, in the article on zanpakutō we cite 'final release', 'bankai' and 'ban release' even though it's not officially called anything other than bankai. There are over 600 results on Google for "Spirit World" and Bleach ; I only reviewed the first page but the results seem to be relevant. -- Y Ynhockey || Talk Y 12:18, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Why are you so intent on removing 'spirit world' from the article? I think it's pretty clear that in the context of Bleach, Spirit World would equal Soul Society, as it says in the article. The purpose of the alternate naming in articles such as that one, as I said before, is to avoid confusion and ambiguity, therefore many non-official and less popular names can be included. Spirit World wouldn't actually be a replacement to Soul Society as a name, but it's what Soul Society is - a spirit world. Perhaps if I worded it differently you'd not want to remove it (see changes). -- Y Ynhockey || Talk Y 23:00, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

XCP list
Maybe the EFF's list already addresses your concern about companies. Wikipedia still has a problem that I've already mentioned about verifiability. Just for the record, I didn't create the AFD request out of any pro- or anti- DRM/Sony stance, but simply from a quality control perspective.—Tokek 05:39, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Hi! It's been a number of days, but felt courtesy required a reply. I was not deeply invested in the topic, but merely voicing an opinion. My point regarding commercial websites was simply that once information is no longer commercial, it will be removed. It was not intended to apply to Sony alone. Regarding verifiability, any wikipeda article has that problem. ;)

Thank you for your work keeping Wikipeda of highest quality! Zen611 20:26, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

Flip4Mac WMV
I was wondering why you moved the Flip4Mac WMV article to Windows Media Components for QuickTime. The stated reason was that Microsoft and Telestream call it that, but looking at Telestream's website I see four occurrences of it being called "Flip4Mac WMV" but only one of it being called Windows Media Components for QuickTime... and the context of that make it clear it is a description of what the product does rather than the name of the product. --Steven Fisher 22:03, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

List of gairaigo and wasei-eigo terms
Hello Tokek, You removed "Chakki" from List of gairaigo and wasei-eigo terms with the edit summary "remove non-gairaigo". Can you elaborate on that? I believe the word belongs in the article. Fg2 21:30, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

Vodcast/Vlog Discussion
Totek can you please first read the discussion page at the Vodcast article before you change anything in the article. A Vodcast is a Video Podcast and not a Video Blog. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.84.246.198 (talk • contribs)

Tokek at google vodcasting gets 2.000.000 hits (with only 80.000 in Dutch) and vlogging gets only 800.000 hits worldwide, so I don't know what your problem is, just quit promoting Vlogging in the Vodcast article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.84.246.198 (talk • contribs)

 * I've now added actual google counts at Talk:Vodcast. —Tokek 07:08, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

Tokek, Just read the dsicussion page there is everything clearly explaned, it seems you just want it only your way. As you can see in the discussion page the majority is against a merge which you requested a few months before, and now you are still crying like a child that you just want it your way.

The conclusion is: Merge request removed, it's obvious that VLOG and VODcast are totally different applications and different technology as well"

There is a big difference between a vodcast and a vlog. Therefore both Wikipedia entries should not be merged. A Vlog is a personal bulleting like a blog, but then with video. Mostly a html site, sometimes with rss. A vodcast is a TV-channel with on-demand video titles, built by pro-users or broadcasters, mostly an rss but not a website. To keep the distinction, vlog and vodcast should keep their own pages. (cross posted this to vlog talk) — "--213.84.246.198 09:25, 15 April 2006 (UTC)"

 * Could you tone down with the name calling that you've been conducting lately? It doesn't add value to the discussion. —Tokek 17:10, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

WordNet on Wiktionary
In Talk:WordNet, you ask whether WordNet could be used on Wiktionary. Please do not do this, as WordNet definitions are notoriously inaccurate, as several "synonyms" together with a single definition so that in most cases all but one of the definitions are accurate. Base definitions on credible dictionaries like the OED or Webster. - Centrx 04:06, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

 * That's true, although I was wondering about it more from the copyright / licensing side. —Tokek 02:35, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tokek/Archive 1