text:
Talk:Autoregressive moving-average model

Care must be taken?
In the ARMAX section we have "Care must be taken when interpreting the output of those packages...", but no (sourced) explanation of how to "take care"...? • Serviceable†Villain 06:22, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

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Changing formula for AR model
Hello! Just thought I would add a section here since I mentioned it in the AR talk page but I believe that the constant term c in the AR formula should not be included because many sources like Shumway & Stoffer's Time Series Analysis and its Applications, Box, Jenkins, and Reinsel's Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control, Wei's Time Series Analysis: Univariate and Multivariate Methods, and Brockwell & Davis's Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting do not include this constant. I wanted to just leave a note here and let anyone share their thoughts and opinions on the change. Eventually, I will remove the constant if no one has any objections. Moon motif (talk) 20:49, 29 August 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Research Process and Methodology - FA23 - Sect 202 - Thu
— Assignment last updated by Jz5863 (talk) 19:18, 26 November 2023 (UTC)


text:
Sylvain Wiltord

Sylvain Claude Wiltord (born 10 May 1974) is a French former professional footballer. Mainly a right winger, he also played as a centre-forward, second striker and on the left wing.

Wiltord had a four-season spell at Arsenal, with whom he won two Premier League titles and two FA Cups. He also won the Ligue 1 title at Bordeaux and in each of his three consecutive seasons at Lyon.

With the France national team, Wiltord earned 92 caps and scored 26 goals. He played at the 1996 Olympics, two FIFA World Cups and two UEFA European Championships. Wiltord was part of the teams which won Euro 2000 (for which he scored a last minute equaliser to take the final to extra time) and reached the final of the 2006 World Cup.

Early career, Rennes and Bordeaux
Wiltord joined Rennes from lower-league side CO Joinville in 1991. At Rennes, he emerged in the 1993–94 season with eight goals in 26 games.

In summer 1996, after Wiltord's excelled for France at the 1996 Summer Olympics Spanish La Liga club Deportivo de La Coruña reached an agreement with Rennes for him to join from 1 July 1997. As part of the agreement a transfer fee of 300 million pesetas (€1.8 million) was paid to Rennes while Wiltord was loaned back to Rennes for the 1996–97 season. In the summer of 1997, at the end of his spell on loan, he returned to Spain only to request a move back to France so as to link up with Bordeaux. For this transfer a fee of 375 million pesetas (€2.25 million) and a 40% sell-on clause were agreed.

He was ever-present in his first term at Bordeaux and went on to score 22 goals in the following 1998–99 season, where he won the golden boot as Bordeaux lifted the Ligue 1 championship.

Arsenal
Wiltord was signed by English club Arsenal, for what was then a club record fee of £13 million in August 2000, weeks after scoring the stoppage-time equaliser in the Euro 2000 Final. This record fee was not surpassed until eight-and-a-half years later when Arsenal paid £15 million for Russian winger Andrey Arshavin. Whilst with the Gunners he was occasionally paired with Thierry Henry up front or otherwise upon the wing. Wiltord made his debut as a substitute against Chelsea on 6 September 2000, and his first goal followed against Coventry City on 16 September 2000. A highlight in his first season was scoring a first half hat-trick in a win against West Ham United. Arsenal reached the 2001 FA Cup Final which Wiltord started. He was substituted for Ray Parlour with Arsenal leading 1–0, however Liverpool ultimately came back and scored two late goals to win 2–1.

In the 2001–02 season Wiltord scored ten goals in the league as Arsenal finished as champions. He scored crucial winning goals along the way against Chelsea and Everton. The highlight of Wiltord's Arsenal career came at the end of that season; scoring the winning goal over Manchester United at Old Trafford, a 1–0 win which clinched the 2001–02 Premier League title as Arsenal achieved The Double on 8 May. Returning to Old Trafford the following season in the FA Cup, Wiltord netted again as Arsenal saw off United 2–0 in a year where they also won the Cup. Wiltord started the 2002 FA Cup Final and played as a substitute in the 2003 final.

Wiltord went on to form part of Arsenal's 2003–04 "Invincibles" season, though his appearances were less frequent towards the end of the campaign. During the season he made a total of 12 league appearances, which was enough to earn a title winners' medal. Altogether he played 175 times for the Gunners in all competitions, scoring a total of 49 goals.

In June 2008, Wiltord was voted 33rd in a list of 50 of the greatest Arsenal players of all time.

Lyon
When his contract with Arsenal expired in the summer of 2004, Wiltord trained for two weeks with Rennes and rejected a move to newly promoted Premier League team West Bromwich Albion. He was also reportedly keen on a move to Arsenal's rivals Tottenham Hotspur. On 31 August, he signed for Lyon on an initial two-year contract. Moving to Lyon, Wiltord found further success, winning three Ligue 1 titles and reaching the quarter-finals of the UEFA Champions League in successive seasons.

Rennes
Wiltord signed for Rennes in August 2007 on a two-year contract and with an opportunity to join the coaching staff when he finished his professional career.

Marseille
He joined Marseille on 15 January 2009 for the remainder of the Ligue 1 season. On 17 May 2009, he scored Marseille's only goal in a 3–1 loss to Lyon at home. He was released at the end of the 2008–09 season, and was considering a possible move to either America, UAE or perhaps retirement.

Metz
On 30 January 2010, after training with US Créteil, Wiltord signed with FC Metz until the end of the season.

Nantes
On 18 July 2011, Wiltord came back from retirement and signed a contract at Nantes until the end of 2011–12. He announced his immediate retirement on 11 June 2012.

International career
Wiltord made his debut for France in a 2–0 victory over England on 10 February 1999 at Wembley Stadium. For France, Wiltord has been capped 92 times, scoring 26 goals. His most memorable goal for Les Bleus was scored in dramatic fashion in the last seconds of the UEFA Euro 2000 Final against Italy to tie the match 1–1 and bring the game to extra-time. France then won the final from a golden goal scored by David Trezeguet.

Wiltord remained in the national squad for the 2002 World Cup, where France endured a shocking first round exit without a single win or scoring a single goal, the worst ever performance by a defending champion at the World Cup.

Wiltord also took part at UEFA Euro 2004 in Portugal, having played seven games in the qualifying campaign with a fantastic return of six goals. However, a poor performance from Les Bleus saw a shocking quarter-final exit at the hands of eventual surprise winners Greece.

Wiltord also was a part of Raymond Domenech's France squad that played in the 2006 World Cup final against arch-rivals Italy. Wiltord scored France's first penalty in the ensuing penalty shootout following the 1–1 draw, but France lost the shootout 5–3.

Wiltord is France's 12th highest scorer with 26 goals netted for Les Bleus.

Personal life
Wiltord's parents moved from Martinique to metropolitan France before his birth.

Born in Neuilly-sur-Marne, a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, to a mother from the West Indies and a father he did not know. he was one of eight children. At the age of 14, he went to live at his 27-year-old sister's apartment where he cared for his 2-year-old niece.

In 2015, he competed on the TF1 reality show Dropped, in which sportspeople were dropped by helicopter into inhospitable environments. The day after his elimination from the programme, there was a mid-air helicopter collision which killed ten, including three contestants: swimmer Camille Muffat, boxer Alexis Vastine, and sailor Florence Arthaud. He wrote on Twitter after the crash, "I'm sad for my friends, I'm trembling, I'm horrified, I have no words, I don't want to say anything."

Media
Wiltord was sponsored by sportswear company Nike and appeared in Nike commercials. In a global Nike advertising campaign in the run-up to the 2002 World Cup in Korea and Japan, he starred in a "Secret Tournament" commercial (branded "Scopion KO") directed by Terry Gilliam, appearing alongside football players such as Thierry Henry, Ronaldo, Edgar Davids, Fabio Cannavaro, Francesco Totti, Ronaldinho, Luís Figo and Hidetoshi Nakata, with former player Eric Cantona the tournament "referee".

International

 * Scores and results list France's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Wiltord goal.

Honours
Bordeaux
 * Division 1: 1998–99

Arsenal
 * Premier League: 2001–02, 2003–04
 * FA Cup: 2001–02, 2002–03
 * FA Community Shield: 2002

Lyon
 * Ligue 1: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07

France
 * UEFA European Championship: 2000
 * FIFA Confederations Cup: 2001, 2003
 * FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2006

Individual
 * French Footballer of the Year: 1999
 * Premier League Player of the Month: August 2002
 * UNFP Ligue 1 Team of the Year: 2004–05, 2005–06

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sylvain Wiltord


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USB Implementers Forum

The USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF) is a nonprofit organization created to promote and maintain USB (Universal Serial Bus), a set of specifications and transmission procedures for a type of cable connection that has since become used widely for electronic equipment. Its main activities are currently the promotion and marketing of USB, Wireless USB, USB On-The-Go, and the maintenance of standards and specifications for the related devices, as well as a compliance program.

The USB-IF was initiated in 1995 by the group of companies that was developing USB, which was made available first during 1996. The founding companies of USB-IF were Compaq, Digital Equipment Corporation, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, NEC and Nortel. Notable current members include HP, NEC, Microsoft, Apple Inc., Intel, and Agere Systems.

The working committees within USB-IF are:
 * Device Working Group
 * Compliance Committee
 * Marketing Committee

The USB-IF web caters to developers who may register freely for the developer web-forums and access documentation. To be part of a working group, however, a person has to work for a member company or register as a member. The developer forums regulate the development of the USB connector, of other USB hardware, and of USB software; they are not end-user forums.

In 2014, the USB-IF announced the availability of USB-C designs. USB-C connectors can transfer data with rates as much as 10 Gbit/s and provides as much as 100 watts of power.

In 2015, the seven-person board of directors, with Jeff Ravencraft as USB-IF President and Chief Operating Officer, consisted of representatives of Apple Inc., HP Inc., Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Renesas Electronics, STMicroelectronics, and Texas Instruments.

In 2020, USB-IF announced updated USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices, Version 2.0, for MIDI 2.0 devices. According to The Valdosta Daily Times, "The standard represents an industry-wide effort by the USB-IF, MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA), and Association of Musical Electronics Industry (AMEI) to provide MIDI users with an expanded MIDI environment connected by USB." USB-IF President and COO Jeff Ravencraft said, "USB-IF is proud to support the MMA and AMEI by publishing an updated USB Device Class Specification for next-generation MIDI devices. USB has been an integral part of the MIDI environment over the past 20 years, and we look forward to seeing innovative new devices that are enabled by this updated specification."

Obtaining a vendor ID
A vendor identification is necessary for obtaining a certification of compliance from the USB-IF. The USB-IF is responsible for issuing USB vendor identification numbers to product manufacturers. The cost for issuing this number is US$6,000 per year. Additionally, the use of a trademarked USB logo to identify certified devices requires a license fee of US$3,500 for a 2-year term. Some microcontroller manufacturers offer a free or low cost sublicense of their vendor ID for development/testing and limited production (generally less than 10,000 units). Vendors offering this free service include: Alternatively, many members of the open source community promote the use of USB VID 0xF055 (which looks when written like "FOSS") for open-source hardware projects. Although this VID is not registered to any company (as of October 2015), the USB-IF have not released any confirmation about reserving it for this particular purpose.
 * Dream S.A.S.
 * Energy Micro
 * FTDI
 * Luminary Micro
 * Microchip
 * NXP
 * Silicon Labs
 * STMicroelectronics
 * Texas Instruments

title: USB Implementers Forum


text:
User talk:Leexianjie

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Alai 19:42, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Image source
Thank you for uploading Image:Bedok.jpg. Its copyright status is unclear, so it may have to be deleted. Please leave a note on the image page about the source of the image. Thank you. --Ellmist 06:26, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Leexianjie


text:
File:Keyboard Layout Norwegian.png

Norwegian keyboard layout.

title: File:Keyboard Layout Norwegian.png


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Talk:Open mail relay

Fallacies
I honestly can't help but wonder about the anon who seemed to confidently know so much about the early Internet's mail practices, yet manages to contribute such logical fallacies to WP as fact, and whose edits I am currently refining.

 * 1) Open relay elimination has had no effect on spam because spam volume has increased over the same time period that open relays have been eliminated.
 * 2) *Of course, this is inconclusive. The only way to convincingly argue that DNSBLs have had no effect on spam is to compare a system without open relays (and/or DNSBLs) and a system with them, and then compare the trends. Proving that DNSBLs has not stopped spam entirely has no bearing on whether or not it cuts down on some spam.

 * 1) The First Amendment requires other people to let me do and say whatever I want on another person's property.
 * 2) * This naggingly adolescent misconception is surprisingly (or perhaps not suprisingly) prevalent among so many vocal voices. If one's only understanding of the First Amendment consists solely of the two-word phrase "free speech", then they believe this means they can step on other people for their own ends. Of course, this is not true. Anyone who reads the text of the First Amendment (it's part of this big old piece of paper called the Constitution) sees that it prevents the government from arresting you because of what you say. But we have private property in this country; it is not a socialism where the government owns everything, and private property means that I control the things I own, and even if I let you use them, I still get to say how you use them, and I can decide not to let you use them, cause they're mine. This includes me not letting you using my email server.

Anyway, whee.

- Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  19:46, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) *Open relays were never eliminated, but were never the problem, either.
 * 2) *The First Amendment requires the government to let you say whatever you want in public.

Deananderson (talk) 21:33, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

Fubar
Fubar: Your edit comments are right, of course; I should have done away with the DNSBL crankiness instead of trying to fmt it. And I did fully intend to remove the section from "shooting the messenger" down to the "Paul Vixie won't do what we say" lament. - Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  07:22, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)

Obsoleted necessity?
A number of people (all anons) have added a snippet to the effect of "blocking open relays is today pointless because no one uses open relays to send spam anymore."

This is not a logical conclusion. The fact that no one is trying to break into your house does not mean that you should stop locking your doors or remove your alarm system.

- Keith D. Tyler  [ flame ]  23:48, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * Right again. At the moment, people logging into my Linux hosts through unpassworded accounts is not a problem. That doesn't mean I should go set up a bunch of unpassworded accounts. :) --FOo 00:10, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Two Different Things
Keith Tyler: You leap from one topic to another. Open relay elimination has had no effect on spam. This is not unanticipated: RFC 2505, which advises people to secure their open relays, warns that the "relay rules" will not reduce spam. The issue is elimination of open relays, not DNSBLs. The implication of the caution in RFC 2505 is that DNSBLs will be necessary: the campaign to eliminate open relays will not reduce incoming spam because the incoming spam volume will remain undiminished as long as the number of available open relays to forward that spam is adequate for the spam volume. Stating that elimination of open relays doesn't affect spam says nothing about DNSBLs. It is probably true that many of the loudest DNSBL advocates are also among the loudest "secure the open relays" advocates. That doesn't change the nature of the statement about securing open relays being ineffectual. There is such a thing as being too eager to leap to the defense of DNSBLs.

(changing subject.) As far as the obsolesence of blocking open relays is concerned I agree heartily with what you say: while there is a possibility of abuse precautions against that abuse are necessary. I'd go further: while there is any chance that spammers might abuse open relays there should be active vigilance against them. For that I advocate open relay honeypots. Rather than act at the destination server level (as DNSBLs do) I advocate countering the spammers at the abuse level, which is what honeypots do.

I think a reasonable case can be made that it is open relay honeypots that have caused the decline in open relay abuse but I suspect putting that specifically into a Wikipedia article would just lead to a long and mostly fruitless battle. Suffice it to say that of the three main abuse-based spam pathways (open relay abuse, open proxy abuse, and zombie abuse) open relay abuse appears to have been largely knocked down. Were we still following the "secure your open relay" philosophy there would be little reason for the spammers to not abuse open relays.

Long and extensive descriptions of the theory behind open relay honeypots were posted in news.admin.net-abuse.email. While all (anti-spammer and spammer alike) could read those it appears that the spammers may have paid the most attention. (This is not to deny the value of the honeypots that were made available, such as Jackpot.) Seeing their vulnerability the spammers moved on to open proxy abuse. When open proxy honeypots began to appear the spammers started moving to zombie abuse to escape the wicked effectiveness of zombie honeypots, as used, for example, by Ron Guilmette.

There's no reason to not have zombie honeypots (and then there's not likely to be any new path the spammers can abuse after zombies.) Microsoft recently converted an actual zombie system to a honeypot and gathered enough evidence that they could file suit against about 20 defendants, most of them "John Does." That's ONE zombie honeypot, 20 defendants. Of course Microsoft has the legal resurces to successfully file the suits and the stature to do so but the power of that single honeypot should be appreciated. Ordinary users operate in precisely the part of the Internet that the spammers choose to abuse: zombie honeypots operated by such ordinary users could have a major anti-spam effect (and of course the spammers don't clearly know which IP addresses are honeypots nor do they know for any IP address that might be a zombie honeypot whether the operator is "just an ordinary user" or is a vey large organization with massive legal resources.)

Minasbeede 16:36, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

Mail transfer by relaying forgotten?
This part of the article seems really foreign to me:

"Nowadays, e-mail transfer by 'relaying,' or pass-along methods, is almost forgotten. Backbone networks and Internet switches make it cost effective and expeditious for end-user PCs or even cellphones to send mail directly to the target host, without need for relaying through a 'middleman' site."

Don't almost all end users pass their outgoing mail via SMTP to their ISP's server, and isn't the proper term for that relaying? Compare "relay" with "open relay" – the latter implies that the sender may use a certain SMTP server without either him or the recipient mailbox being local to that server.

JöG 20:01, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

 * In terms of semantics, I would have to agree with you. However, in practice, "open relay" and "relay" were treated synonymously. That is to say, client -> client ISP -> recipient ISP -> recipient (with no "middleman" servers) was not considered to be relaying. This usage is not strictly correct but, hey, much English usage isn't. HairyWombat 04:23, 12 August 2007 (UTC)

Massive Undo's to Old "Krellis" version
Wrs1894 (Bill Simpson?) is undo'ing cited information to present only one side of the open relay issue. I'd like to work that out. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Deananderson (talk • contribs) 2008-03-06T10:34:21
 * No, I'm not Bill Simpson, I believe he uses User:William_Allen_Simpson. I am well aware of your opinions on open relays and spams from the IETF lists, I took the courtesy of investigating them years ago and rechecked them before I reverted your changes here.  As I mentioned in one of my reverts, Npov does not require minority opinions to be given equal weight and from all the information I've ever seen, your opinions on this subject are a tiny-minority. WP:NPOV requires at least a neutral point of view, of which the version you have made is not.
 * I do not intend to argue with you for the simple reason that I know that you have much more time to argue that I do. You are one of something like three people to have ever been banned from the IETF mailing lists and the efforts you went to in order to be banned and then to appeal the ban were, in my opinion, stunning.  I will simply try to follow the Wikipedia rules. Wrs1864 (talk) 22:30, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

I see that Wrs1864 added a comment indicating he refuses to talk, and then deleted this section. I remain committed to talking. The facts I have cited are, well, cited, and are facts. Deleting one entire point of view because it doesn't match his views seems to be inappropriate.

I have changed the heading with Depressing Reversal of Ethics to be quoted and lower case. This phrase connects to a quote in the text from Spam Kings.

Deananderson (talk) 16:52, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Dean, as per my editing summary comments, I have removed your text because I have investigated it and found it to be in violation of WP:NPOV. As per my comment above, Your text is also in violation of WP:COI because you are adding links to your own website (iadl.org) and WP:SOAP. It is unlikely either of our opinions on these subjects will change because many people, including me, have discussed this with you in great lengths on the IETF mailing lists.   Please stop labeling my edits as vandalism. Wrs1864 (talk) 18:24, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Wayne (still don't know your last name): Your removal of adverse facts is a violation of the WP:NPOV. You aren't removing specific facts, you are removing everything. That is vandalism, and it is not a balanced point of view.

The links to the Chris Neill story is neither a conflict of interest (we aren't selling anything), nor is it a soapbox. It describes only the events including what Chris Neill himself wrote about the incident. It is a fair and true description of those events.

Deananderson (talk) 20:02, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

I have moved the Chris Neill text here while we resolve this dispute. This is the text:

 * Anti-spammers became the principal abusers of open relays. See The Chris Neill Story for an example of misguided activities by anti-spammers to prove the harm of open relays by abusing them. This led open relay operators to hide relays and generally not engage in the public discussion of open relay operations.

I could remove the links to the iadl site, or move them to the external links section, and provide links directly to the emails that establish the facts of the event. Would that be acceptable?

Deananderson (talk) 20:25, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

BTW, I find it odd that people assert my view is the minority, but also complain (FTC conference, 2003) that there over 400,000 open relays on the internet. I think my view is in the majority. But in the past, open relay operators have generally not come forward to confront radical anti-spammers about open relays. I'm just in the minority of those that will engage in discussion with radicals.

Anyway, facts can either support a point of view, or be adverse to it. But the facts themselves are objective, and don't care. I've also noticed that the people on the other side of the open relay issue can't stand the adverse facts. Their view doesn't hold up in the face of the adverse facts. That's exactly why I win everytime the lawyers get involved.

Deananderson (talk) 21:08, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * To answer your question, I do not think it would be appropriate for you to add any links to any of your websites to this article. Thinking about this a little more, what you have really done here is what is called WP:COATRACK.  You have used this article as a soap box to attack various people who you have had problems with in the past.  For what is worth, while we have certainly been in the same IETF mailing lists and such, I suspect you would not recognize my name, we haven't had any "run ins" there.  However, that was primarily because I could easily just ignore you.  Wrs1864 (talk) 02:55, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

 * 400,000 out of how many total? And we don't know if those servers are just misconfigured or if their sysadmins are lazy. ff m  20:34, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

I haven't used this article to attack anyone; no one has been attacked. There is no superfluous critical commentary; Just the facts. What is documented are events that happened and that influenced the history of open relay. Selectively removeing adverse facts to gives a distorted impression of events. I think your objection to my collection of information is nothing more than a kind of personal attack on me. But I'll be willing to have others take a look at the journalism situation, through the dispute process. I'll try to figure that out more on Monday.

Deananderson (talk) 19:47, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

Section 1 Dispute (NPOV) There is nothing promoting Dean Anderson or a non-NPOV in this section in the version edited by Dean Anderson and others. The "Krellis" version contains inaccuracies.

Anderson adds:

 * An open relay is any relay that accepts mail from a source outside of its home IP address network for delivery to a destination outside of its home IP address network. Obviously, if you gateway between the Internet generally and some non-Internet network, open relay is necessary.

 * A closed relay is any relay that accepts email only from a source inside its home network for delivery to destinations inside or outside of its home network;

 * Or a closed relay is any relay that accepts email from a source inside or outside its home network for delivery only to a destination inside its home network.

 * In 1986, the architects of the SMTP protocol decided not to put the numeric IP address of the sender in the "Received:" header.[1] This created the ability to send anonymous email and was eventually called anonymous relay. Because of the flaw, the sender was never fully identified by anything but what the sender himself created, so the sender was effectively anonymous. The "Received:" header was soon changed to include the sender's IP Address after people posted abusive messages on the pre-commercial internet.[citation needed]. Although there was no distinction between open or closed relays at this time, if the IP Address isn't recorded in the received header, a closed relay would be subject to the same anonymous abuse. Anonymous email abuse stopped because the relay (open and closed) records the identity IP address of the sender, which the sender can't alter. By the time spam came along beginning in approximately 1994[citation needed], there were virtually no anonymous relays. People who thought anonymous email was good for whistle-blowing and such, operated anonymous re-mailers which stripped the identifying "Received:" headers and other identifying information.[citation needed]

The "Krellis" version incorrectly states that SMTP relaying is almost forgotten. Anderson corrects this to state that "SMTP relaying," or pass-along methods, is still the standard.

The "Krellis" version incorrectly states that

 * Backbone networks and Internet switches make it cost effective and expeditious for end-user PCs or even cellphones to send mail directly to the target host, without need for relaying through a "middleman" site.

Anderson corrects this to say

 * While many Backbone networks and ISPs allow end-user PCs or even cellphones to send mail directly to the target host, without need for relaying through a "middleman" site, the SMTP client must still engage with SMTP Relay servers which are identified either in the client configuration (pass-along) or else by using DNS MX Records (directly). The target host may also block the PC or Cellphone network because they are frequently infected with botnets. Or, the Network provider may block outbound SMTP and require use of its own relay. This isn't open relay, but the PC or Cellphone doesn't know the difference. Also, corporate users and particularly consultants may want to roam on other networks without email configuration changes, or they may want to have their corporate mail server do some special processing.

The "Krellis version states that

 * The underlying communication methods of the Internet already provide end-to-end connectivity via a pass-along method.

Anderson expands this to say:

 * The underlying communication methods of the Internet remain largely the same as they were in 1993 and continue to provide end-to-end connectivity as well as a pass-along method. The need to open relay or closed relay depends entirely on the location of the user, the location of the mail server they want to use, and the location of the recipient of the message they send. If the user is outside the home network of the mail server, and the recipient is outside the home network of the mail server, then open relay or an alternate protocol is necessary. There have been proposals for active authentication methods, but passive authentication (open relay, monitor for abuse) is preferred in some cases.

There is nothing controversial about these changes.

Section 2 Dispute Abuse by spammers and a "depressing reversal of ethics" (NPOV) Anderson's version adds facts, citations. There is nothing non-neutral about these facts. They are merely adverse to the views of the opponents of open relays.

The article now includes the following in section 2:

 * "spammers resorted to re-routing their e-mail through third party e-mail servers to avoid detection.[6] After this practice became widespread, the practice of operating an open relay came to be frowned upon among the majority of Internet server administrators and other prominent users,[6]"

The WIRED article cited as a reference for these two assertions does not demonstrate or prove the claims being made. The cited article is about the blacklists that formed after ORBS.ORG was shut. Nothing more is proven, except quotes from the blacklist operators. In fact, the ORBS shutdown is one of the abuses of anti-spammers. It is evidence of abuse of open relays by anti-spammers. Indeed, the ORBS blacklist was shut because, self-described anti-spammer Alan Brown was caught and sued for lying about open relays. The article just quotes persons who support a known, court-proven, liar, so these are not credible, truthful or reliable sources. Not one single genuine commercial bulk emailer has ever been caught abusing open relays since 1997. However, self-described anti-spammers have been caught abusing open relays. (eg Chris Neill) While it appears credible that Sanford Wallace abused open relays for a short period in 1997, there is absolutely no evidence that this practice continued past 1997. After 1997, genuine spammers used dialup and dynamic IP addresses to circumvent blacklists. Because of that, there was no need and no benefit in open relay abuse to the genuine commercial bulk mailer. Further, the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) enabled open relay operators to recover costs. The genuine spammers knew that, too. The anti-spammers (who abused relays or lied about open relays) were the only persons ever to dispute the CFAA applied to email and in particular, to open relay abuse. The assertions in Section 2 are without merit and misrepresent the history.

Deananderson (talk) 21:48, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

Section 3 Dispute Anti-spam efforts against open relays (NPOV) Chris Neill episode to be cited by direct sources (spaml, rbl-discuss, Nanog). Dean Anderson to provide new text. The "Krellis" version overstates the use of DNSBLs by ISPs, and includes unsubstantiated statistical claims.

Section 4 dispute (Modern Day Proponents) Remove section on Dean Anderson as a modern day proponent from Anderson's version? I can live with that. How about Mitch Halmu as an open relay advocate who operated an ISP? Krellis version overstates the effect of open relay blocking, and overstates the use of Open Relay blacklists by ISPs.

Section 7 dispute (External Links) (NPOV) There is nothing controversial about the external links added by Anderson, or about the comment to be sure you have permission before testing a mailserver.

Deananderson (talk) 00:15, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Accusation of Self-Promotion/COI made against Dean Anderson
Self-promotion

Conflict of interest often presents itself in the form of self-promotion, including advertising links, personal website links, personal or semi-personal photos, or other material that appears to promote the private or commercial interests of the editor, or their associates.

Examples of these types of material include:

1. Links that appear to promote products by pointing to obscure or not particularly relevant commercial sites (commercial links). 2. Links that appear to promote otherwise obscure individuals by pointing to their personal pages. 3. Biographical material that does not significantly add to the clarity or quality of the article.

The dispute of self-promotion involves the links to the Chris Neill Story. The IADL.ORG site contains links and copies of email messages to well-known mailing list by the parties involved in the incident. Anderson was one of the parties involved. Much of the information on the cited IADL.ORG page is from mailing list posts by Chris Neill about the incident. It is not the case the IADL.ORG site shows only one side of the dispute. IADL.ORG is a website Dean Anderson maintains, but it is not a personal website. It does not promote any personal, private, or commercial interests of Dean Anderson, nor any business interest of Dean Anderson. While the dispute between Anderson and Neill may be similar in some respects to a legal adversary, in fact Anderson was never a party to any of the actual legal aspects of the dispute: Anderson did not complain to the FBI. Anderson merely disputed Neill's public claims that it was legally OK to abuse open relays. When Neill abused Anderson's relays, Anderson complained to Neill's employer, Verio. Neill's abuse of Anderson's relays started a chain of events that eventually led to the termination of his employment with Verio.

This is event is significant to open relay history because many people at the time believed Neill's public assertions about the law. These assertions led persons opposed to open relays to abuse open relays. This fact consequently caused advocates of open relay to hide open relays, and also caused open relay advocates not to engage in public discussion of open relays.

To the extent there is a conflict of interest, that conflict is disclosed, and Anderson therefore complies with the COI policy.

Deananderson (talk) 15:44, 10 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Dean, I'm not going to debate your website here, but from my investigations years ago and rechecking it recently, I find it highly biased and a horrible case of cherry-picking "facts".  The problem with the conflict of interest is you are promoting your own website, which is explained on the WP:COI page.  At least at the time you wrote your website, you were also running open mail relays and promoting their use, which makes you too close to the subject to be unbiased.  This is also explained on the WP:COI page.  It isn't that I have not listened to you or though about your arguments, it is that I have listened to them many many times before. Wrs1864 (talk) 16:42, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

Obviously, you are the one "cherry picking". My site shows the other side; Yours does not. I'm not promoting the website. The external link is about Chris Neill and provides access to the email messages of the dispute. You are a self-described "anti-spammer", which makes you too close to the subject to be unbiased, too, then.

But obviously, we *can* agree on what an open relay is. We *can* also agree on the history of the events. But you want to remove adverse facts that were significant parts of the history. Your cherry picking skews the presentation, and creates an biased and unbalanced view of open relays. My facts are cited and are verifiable. You just don't like the facts, and you don't like the person pointing them out.

The IETF issues are the subject of current litigation. Please do not mention this. It is irrelevant to this issue. I was not banned for misbehavior on the IETF. The subject matter involved a complaint about DNS patents and discussion of DNS Root Anycast stability. There was a consensus call that favored me (that is, no ban) 15-2. The IESG falsely reported a consensus against me. The ban was in violation of IETF rules, and also in violation of the law that applies to membership corporations regarding the removal of membership rights. I am a member in good standing of the Internet Society, Inc, a non-profit membership organization. It is probably true that I was banned for having a particular viewpoint, but that is contrary to both the IETF rules and the law, which is why there is current legal activity.

Protected
The page is now protected for five days. During this time, please try and find common ground and arrive to a version that all can live with. If you cannot, this is a good time to pursue dispute resolution such as third opinions or requests for comments. If you are ready to resume editing or to contest the protection, place a request at WP:RFPP. ≈ jossi ≈ (talk) 16:10, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

editprotected

 * Not done. This template is for noncontroversial edits that have consensus; this request obviously does not have consensus. - Revolving Bugbear  18:30, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

I think the last change made by Wrs1864 (a complete replacement replacing non-disputed parts and replacing all 5 sections of the page) represents bad faith. This change should be reverted, and the dispute resolved over the disputed section. I had already removed the disputed text from the page.

Deananderson (talk) 16:24, 10 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Dean, I feel that the vast bulk of your edits were in violation of WP:NPOV and were very much in dispute. I do not think you should be making these edits because you are causing WP:COI, WP:SOAP and WP:COAT.   It is my impression that Fubar Obfusco feels similarly, but since I've had disputes with him in the past, it would be best for him to speak for himself.   It appears that your earlier edits were disputed by John Levine, krellis, and a few others.  Wrs1864 (talk) 16:58, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

I have just discovered a personal beef Wrs1864 (actually Wayne Schlitt), may have with me. Wayne was on the SPF Council, advocating SPF at the IETF. I advocated against SPF, and partly due to my efforts (and that of many others), the MARID Working Group decided to recommend against SPF and to close down work on SPF. This is why he wouldn't reveal his full name. However, he used the wrs1864 moniker in IRC chat discussions on the Marid working group, and connected that discussion to the real name, and to www.schlitt.net, his personal website, as well as archived messages to the Marid Working Group (ietf-mxcomp) mailing list.

Deananderson (talk) 16:47, 10 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Dean, as I have said on my user page for a very long time that any geek can quickly figure out who I am.  As such, I do not think I was hiding my name from you at all.  I was amused that it took you so long to find this out. I do not have any sort of personal beef with you, any more than I have with, say, John Levine. I have previously mentioned on things like the Talk:Domain_Name_System that I have a CoI there.  I do not have anything to do with open relays.  If a conflict with you on the IETF on any subject somehow excludes participation on the wikipedia, then a very large number of people would have to be excluded.  As far as SPF and the IETF, there was no recomendation *against* it, and indeed, the IETF published an RFC on it.  Wrs1864 (talk) 16:59, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

There is nothing on your wikipedia page that indicates that you are Wayne Schlitt.

I don't know what to say about your SPF claims. How about this to refute them: MARID To Close, no consensus on MTA Auth records (SPF): Closing_Marid All of the MARID drafts are dead or unapproved: Marid_WG The Experimental RFCs 4406 and 4407 (draft-lyon-senderid-core and draft-lyon-senderid-pra) were individual submissions approved in the experimental category. These two RFCs are not technically standards. But the SPF status isn't really relevant to anything, here. Why do you make such irrelevant assertions? I shouldn't bother refuting them. All that is relevant is that we had a previous dispute about SPF that you knew about, and that I didn't know that Wrs1864 was Wayne Schlitt. You knew me, but I didn't know you right away. Good faith would have been to reveal to me that we previously had a dispute over SPF.

I (We) don't know who "Fubar Obfusco" or "Krellis" are. And John Levine removed only the cited facts about John Levine's involvement with commercial bulk emailers. Levine definitely has a conflict of interest. Its obvious why Levine would want to hide that information, being he is also the head of the Anti-Spam Research Group.

Other editors improved on text I wrote, making it better without changing the impor t or what I was trying to say. Apparently, not everything I write is as controversial as you claim. And you don't even dispute everything you have changed. You have merely removed my writings in furthering a personal vendetta against me. Even if every open relay opponent virulently hates my guts, that doesn't justify the removal of all of my writings on the open relay article.

Deananderson (talk) 18:12, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Third Opinion: Regardless of anything else, Self Published Soruces makes your page inadmissable, and could be considered promotion. The source also has some WP:NPOV problems. ff m  21:26, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Also, please be sure to take a peek at our policy on verifiability, especially check out the reliable sources and self-published sources sections. Naturally, be sure to take a peek at our policies regarding original research (particularly the stuff about synthesis of concepts), and finally the trifecta-completer, our neutral point of view policy.  Long story short, this article is not the place to formulate ideas or hypothesize.

 * Remember that most importantly, Wikipedia is not a battleground, so this is not the place to fight between each other in order to advance one view or another. Civility is key. -- slakr  \ talk / 21:50, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

So if one instead cites the spaml post by Chris Neill explaining his view of what happened, and the posts to Nanog and RBL-discuss mailing lists, everything is OK? I offered to do that at the beginning of the dispute.

Deananderson (talk) 23:43, 10 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually, this exact argument is why we have our conflict of interest guideline. When two editors on a page are both personally invested in the topic, their conflict of interest throws a huge wedge in normal editing of the page, resulting in a stalemate where everyone loses when the page gets protected. -- slakr  \ talk / 01:26, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

I think I understand: The interest of wikipedia is getting verifiable facts. How do we resolve the stalemate on the edits that are disputed vaguely? I listed each change to each section, above. Several days have now passed with no specific comments. Nor have any specific objections been made. The vague objections don't seem to be based on genuine complaints, but are sort of a personal attack of deleting all of my contributions without cause. Well, without cause other than to frustrate advocates of open relays and cause them to abandon efforts to balance the article. One of the notes above is to "assume good faith". In law, good faith is an affirmative defense. It is the absence of bad faith. By "affirmative defense", one must assert affirmative acts A,B,C etc that one did to comply with the obligations to honesty. Here, it seems that good faith also cannot be assumed, but is affirmatively required in the form of a citation of a verifiable fact or a specific objection to wording.

Everyone who has experience and knowledge about a particular subject has a personal investment in that subject. Particularly in the case of open relay, opponents have made a practice of attacking anyone who opposes them. They've had some success at getting open relay advocates to avoid public discussion through such attacks. This is exactly what the Neill event demonstrates. Omitting or deleting such facts enables the false conclusion that there aren't any proponents and/or that they are a "tiny minority" point of view.

It seems to me that as long as verifiable facts are added and not removed, that such conflicts of interest can be resolved by the improvements of adding verifiable facts into the article. Is there a policy of wikipedia that verifiable facts aren't to be removed by persons with contrary interests?

Also, on a more specific question: Is it the case that everything in the External Links section must go since these sites are self-published? Or can we agree that some information may not be as reliable as the main article, but still useful? And assuming we can do so and we agree, must we state a disclaimer on the External Links section? Deananderson (talk) 21:45, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

re-write
I have re-written much of the section on closing e-mail relays. If any of my changes are inconsistent with consensus, then please put a note on my talk page. Bwrs (talk) 17:28, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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Where did this 'blocklist' appear from'?!?!?
I was reading the article, and after doing some(minor) fixing, A massive list of blocked addresses literally appeared (I'm afraid to copy>paste it, so, I've a cleaned-up, and slightly less chaotic-looking version of it);

adrunnr.com successforyu.clickfunnels.com, fmovies.se, in-365-tagen.info, 5000-settimanale.com, shop.mazzugioielli.com, maxigossip.com, lp.yazizim.com, beyourxfriend.com, 99tab.com, zzqrt.com, canuck-method.net, bewomenly.com, playnow.guru, datingforyou-48e1.kxcdn.com, trafficnetworkads24.com, sistemadedinerogratis.com, canuckmethodprofit.co, consumerresearchnetwork.com, securemacfix.com, zz3d3.ru, zd1.quebec-bin.com, hot-games4you.xyz, om.elvenar.com, superpccleanup.com, gomediaz.com, judithi.xyz, free.atozmanuals.com, yoursuccess.ravpage.co.il, 123hop.ir, quizcliente.pw, aussiemethod.biz, hlpnowp-c.com, picbumper.com, shaneless.com, anacondamonster.com, altrk1.com, health.todaydiets.com, download.weatherblink.com, happyluketh.com, go.ameinfo.com, 50kaweek.net, thepornsurvey.com, ofsiite.ru, fulltab.com, 1000spins.com, time2play-online.net, vintacars.com, welcome.pussysaga.com, free-desktop-games.com, download.televisionfanatic.com, theprofitsmaker.net, sgad.info, algocashmaster.net, sunmaker.com, topvipdreams.com, watchmygirlfriend.gfpornvideos.com, filesharefanatic.com, safedownloadhub.com, 7awlalalam.blogspot.com, tvplusnewtab.com, trendingpatrol.com, moneymorning.com, ifileyou.com, classifiedcanada.ca, firefan.com, methode-binaire.com, letmetell.com, kenduktur.com, getafuk.com, yotraleplahnte.ru, jackpot.88beto.com, pwwysydh.com, search.queryrouter.com, v.lvztxy.com, pussysaga.com, saffamethod.com, prezzonline.com, searchprivacy.website, 3d2819216eb4e1035879-7c248de0c99745406e9b749fc86ec3e4.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com, only2date.com, mysagagame.com, themillionaireinpjs.net, wlt.kd2244.com, quickprivacycheck.com, hotchatdate.com, autotraderbot.com, z1.zedo.com, youlucky2014.com, traffic.getmyads.com, appcloudprotected.com, safensecure.com-allsites3.xyz, newpoptab.com, static.williamhill.com, myhealthyblog.co, greatestmobideals.com, sweetclarity.com, mgid.com, securepccure.com, autopengebygger.com, am15.net, es.reimageplus.com, o2.promos-info.com, it.reimageplus.com, westsluts.com, spinandwin.com-ser.pw, reimageplus.com, vodafone.promos-info.com, vinnmatpengar.se, movie.ienjoyapps.com, love4single.com, origin.getprice.com.au, ohmydating.com, lp.want-to-win.com, yabuletchrome.ru, bamdad.net, gotositenow.com, vcrypt.pw, newtabtv.com, mon.setsu.xyz, youforgottorenewyourhosting.com, zone-telechargement.ws, land.pckeeper.software, ad.adpop-1.com, advancedpctools.com, videos.randolphcountyheraldtribune.com, web-start.org, softreadynow.installupgradenowfreshandforyou.website, uplod.ws, pornhubcasino.com, maxbet.ro, 2016prizefeed.com, thevideo.me, wantubad.com, tavanero.com, xcusmy.club, daclips.in, gaymenofporn.online, jackpotcitycasino.com, italian-method.com, getsearchincognito.com, youjustwonprize.com, finanz-nachrichten.me, quizcliente.site, da.reimageplus.com, jkanime.net, britmoneymethod.com, uae.souq.com, ka.azzer.net, safensecure.xyz, 8t.hootingrhejkz.online, www6.blinkx.com, wizzcaster.com, comparaison-prix.com, vodlocker.lol, fr.reimageplus.com, free.fromdoctopdf.com, userscloud.com, myprivatesearch.com, fanli90.cn, tutticodicisconto.it, mediadec.com, gogamego.thewhizproducts.com, download.weatherblink.com, free.videodownloadconverter.com, we-are-gamers.com, sesso.communityadult.net, lp.blpmovies.com, search.queryrouter.com, bbb-johannesburg.localspecific.com, lp.blpmovies.com, go.ppixelm.com, r0.ru, sesso.communityadult.net, bbb-johannesburg.localspecific.com, ppixelm.com, cyberguardianspe.info, we-are-gamers.com, loginfaster.com/new, www.alfacart.com, www.foresee.com, mobile-win.com, www.plusnetwork.com, www.amicafarmacia.com, www.ienjoyapps.com, cheapcheap.io, screenaddict.thewhizproducts.com, nova.rambler.ru, free.gamingwonderland.com, p9328ujeiw1.ru, mobilecasinoclub.co.uk, pfhsystem.com, regtuneup.com, theprofitsmaker.net, bodogpromotions.eu, heroesreplay.org, financialsecrets.info, mymoneymakingapp.com, sunmaker.com, 888casino-promotions.com, vogliosesso.com, scienceremix.com, allinonedocs.com, arabia.starzplay.com, allirishcasino.com, advancepctools.info, movie.ienjoyapps.com, surveyform001.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com, mgs188.com, pfhsystem.com, lpeva.com, ddsh8.com, theprofitsmaker.net, b2.ijquery11.com, sporthero.thewhizmarketing.com, securefastmac.tech, seen-on-screen.thewhizmarketing.com, 1000spins.com, search.queryrouter.com, pfhsystem.com, reimageplus.com, offer.alibaba.com, searchlistings.org, search.queryrouter.com, search.queryrouter.com, mybinaryoptionsrobot.com, duplicashapp.com, search.queryrouter.com, bestgame.directory, droidclub.net, .rivalo.com, yoursuperprize.com, mediaexplained.com, om.elvenar.com, shinar.club, revitoleczemacream.com, freelotto.com, screenaddict.thewhizproducts.com, download.bringmesports.callinonedocs.com, driver-fixer.com, arabydeal.com, cleanyourcomputertoday.com, arabydeal.com, music.mixplugin.com, 1se.info, survey12.com, freesoftwaredlul.com, pldist01.com, ad.adpop-1.com, searchanonymous.net, abrst.pro, muzikfury.thewhizmarketing.com, lp.mbtrx.com, th1.forfun.maxisize-pro.com, watchmygirlfriend.gfpornbox.com, new.freelotto.com, desktoptrack.com, search.queryrouter.com, offer.alibaba.com, 1000spins.com, promotions.coral.co.uk, search.queryrouter.com, tbsia.com, tbsia.com, multtaepyo.com, search.queryrouter.com, czechmethod.com, consumerview.co, wayretail.com, 72onbase.com, funsafetab.com, search.queryrouter.com, speedyfiledownload.com, driver-fixer.com, arabydeal.com, cleanyourcomputertoday.com, arabydeal.com, music.mixplugin.com, 1se.info, survey12.com, freesoftwaredlul.com, pldist01.com, ad.adpop-1.com, searchanonymous.net, abrst.pro, muzikfury.thewhizmarketing.com, lp.mbtrx.com, th1.forfun.maxisize-pro.com, watchmygirlfriend.gfpornbox.com, new.freelotto.com, desktoptrack.com, search.queryrouter.com, offer.alibaba.com, 1000spins.com, promotions.coral.co.uk, search.queryrouter.com, tbsia.com, tbsia.com, surveyform001.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com, mgs188.com, pfhsystem.com, lpeva.com, ddsh8.com, theprofitsmaker.net, quantomcoding.com, sporthero.thewhizmarketing.com, popads.net, onclkds.com, consumerview.co, 12kotov.ru, ruhotpair2.fingta.com, easytelevisionaccessnow.com, ahwrd.com, lpeva.com, ppgzf.com, zjstx.com, kituure.xyz, join.pro-gaming-world.com, mackeeperapp.mackeeper.com, tracknotify.com, 2075.cdn.beyondhosting.net, idollash.com, ds.moviegoat.com, fulltab.com, rackcdn.com, prestoris.com, adsterra.com, swampssovuuhusp.top, streesusa.info, freesoftwaredlul.com, adreactor.com, a-static.com, codeonclick.com, heheme.com, seen-on-screen.thewhizmarketing.com, openload.com

Again - I did N-O-T (originally) write this, nor do I know how I 'got' it.

I have a hazy memory of something similar happening (many) years ago - here - on Wiki-p - though I don't recall the page ( BTW: I do N-O-T - have ANY viruses, worms, malware, etc.,

I am curious about wtf this thing came from, and how did it glom on to me? I just looked back at some earlier vers. Of this page, and saw it appearing here-and-there, and, unfortunately, I don't have the time to re-read everything which might lead me to an explanation (so, if anyone is familiar with this, I politely ask if what is going on could be - yet again - proffered.

Much thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by UNOwenNYC (talk • contribs) 16:45, 9 May 2018 (UTC)
 * This stackoverflow page suggests its a browser extension called "PoperBlocker".
 * BTW, you might want to reconsider the edits you were trying to make there. Many of the changes you made were introducing bad grammar or changing words to inaccurate synonyms. Anomie⚔ 01:43, 10 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Open mail relay


text:
Res

Res or RES may refer to:

Computing

 * Russian and Eurasian Security Network
 * Spanish Supercomputing Network (Red Española de Supercomputación)

Energy

 * RES - The School for Renewable Energy Science
 * US Renewable Electricity Standard
 * Renewable Energy Systems, a UK company

Mathematics

 * Residue (complex analysis) function

Medicine

 * Reticuloendothelial system, in anatomy

Archaeology

 * Répertoire d'Épigraphie Sémitique, a journal publishing Semitic language inscriptions

Latin word meaning "thing"

 * Entity (disambiguation)
 * Object (philosophy)
 * The first word of several Latin phrases:
 * Res divina (service of the gods)
 * Res cogitans Descartes' mental world
 * Res extensa Descartes' physical world
 * Res gestae (Things done)
 * Res inter alios acta (A thing done between others)
 * Res ipsa loquitur (The thing speaks for itself)
 * Res judicata (A matter [already] judged)
 * Res nullius (An unowned thing)
 * Res publica (A public thing), the origin of the word republic

Organizations

 * Rail Express Systems
 * Railway Enthusiasts Society, New Zealand
 * Royal Economic Society, UK
 * Royal Entomological Society

Places

 * Reservoir railway station, Melbourne
 * Resistencia International Airport (IATA airport code: RES)

People

 * Res (singer), American singer

Literature

 * RES (magazine), bimonthly

Songs

 * "R.E.S.", a song by Cardiacs from The Seaside
 * "The Res", a song by the American band Bright from their self-titled album

title: Res


text:
User talk:WinstonSmith (usurped)

If you have some reason for adding the Template:NPOV tag to William McKinley, please articulate your concerns on Talk:William McKinley. Otherwise, there is no evidence that there is any dispute whatsoever. older ≠ wiser 19:48, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:WinstonSmith (usurped)


text:
Cyclic homology

In noncommutative geometry and related branches of mathematics, cyclic homology and cyclic cohomology are certain (co)homology theories for associative algebras which generalize the de Rham (co)homology of manifolds. These notions were independently introduced by Boris Tsygan (homology) and Alain Connes (cohomology) in the 1980s. These invariants have many interesting relationships with several older branches of mathematics, including de Rham theory, Hochschild (co)homology, group cohomology, and the K-theory. Contributors to the development of the theory include Max Karoubi, Yuri L. Daletskii, Boris Feigin, Jean-Luc Brylinski, Mariusz Wodzicki, Jean-Louis Loday, Victor Nistor, Daniel Quillen, Joachim Cuntz, Ryszard Nest, Ralf Meyer, and Michael Puschnigg.

Hints about definition
The first definition of the cyclic homology of a ring A over a field of characteristic zero, denoted

 * HCn(A) or Hnλ(A),

proceeded by the means of the following explicit chain complex related to the Hochschild homology complex of A, called the Connes complex:

For any natural number n ≥ 0, define the operator $$ t_n $$ which generates the natural cyclic action of $$ \mathbb{Z}/ n \mathbb{Z} $$ on the n-th tensor product of A:

 * $$\begin{align}

t_n : A^{\otimes n} \to A^{\otimes n}, \quad a_1 \otimes \dots \otimes a_n \mapsto (-1)^{n-1} a_n \otimes a_1 \otimes \dots \otimes a_{n-1}. \end{align}$$

Recall that the Hochschild complex groups of A with coefficients in A itself are given by setting $$ HC_n(A) := A^{\otimes n+1} $$ for all n ≥ 0. Then the components of the Connes complex are defined as $$ C^\lambda_n(A) := HC_n(A)/ \langle 1 - t_{n+1} \rangle $$, and the differential $$ d : C^\lambda_n(A) \to C^\lambda_{n-1}(A)$$ is the restriction of the Hochschild differential to this quotient. One can check that the Hochschild differential does indeed factor through to this space of coinvariants.

Connes later found a more categorical approach to cyclic homology using a notion of cyclic object in an abelian category, which is analogous to the notion of simplicial object. In this way, cyclic homology (and cohomology) may be interpreted as a derived functor, which can be explicitly computed by the means of the (b, B)-bicomplex. If the field k contains the rational numbers, the definition in terms of the Connes complex calculates the same homology.

One of the striking features of cyclic homology is the existence of a long exact sequence connecting Hochschild and cyclic homology. This long exact sequence is referred to as the periodicity sequence.

Case of commutative rings
Cyclic cohomology of the commutative algebra A of regular functions on an affine algebraic variety over a field k of characteristic zero can be computed in terms of Grothendieck's algebraic de Rham complex. In particular, if the variety V=Spec A is smooth, cyclic cohomology of A are expressed in terms of the de Rham cohomology of V as follows:
 * $$ HC_n(A)\simeq \Omega^n\!A/d\Omega^{n-1}\!A\oplus \bigoplus_{i\geq 1}H^{n-2i}_{\text{dR}}(V).$$

This formula suggests a way to define de Rham cohomology for a 'noncommutative spectrum' of a noncommutative algebra A, which was extensively developed by Connes.

Variants of cyclic homology
One motivation of cyclic homology was the need for an approximation of K-theory that is defined, unlike K-theory, as the homology of a chain complex. Cyclic cohomology is in fact endowed with a pairing with K-theory, and one hopes this pairing to be non-degenerate.

There has been defined a number of variants whose purpose is to fit better with algebras with topology, such as Fréchet algebras, $$C^*$$-algebras, etc. The reason is that K-theory behaves much better on topological algebras such as Banach algebras or C*-algebras than on algebras without additional structure. Since, on the other hand, cyclic homology degenerates on C*-algebras, there came up the need to define modified theories. Among them are entire cyclic homology due to Alain Connes, analytic cyclic homology due to Ralf Meyer or asymptotic and local cyclic homology due to Michael Puschnigg. The last one is very close to K-theory as it is endowed with a bivariant Chern character from KK-theory.

Applications
One of the applications of cyclic homology is to find new proofs and generalizations of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. Among these generalizations are index theorems based on spectral triples and deformation quantization of Poisson structures.

An elliptic operator D on a compact smooth manifold defines a class in K homology. One invariant of this class is the analytic index of the operator. This is seen as the pairing of the class [D], with the element 1 in HC(C(M)). Cyclic cohomology can be seen as a way to get higher invariants of elliptic differential operators not only for smooth manifolds, but also for foliations, orbifolds, and singular spaces that appear in noncommutative geometry.

Computations of algebraic K-theory
The cyclotomic trace map is a map from algebraic K-theory (of a ring A, say), to cyclic homology:

 * $$tr: K_n (A) \to HC_{n-1} (A).$$

In some situations, this map can be used to compute K-theory by means of this map. A pioneering result in this direction is a theorem of : it asserts that the map

 * $$K_n(A, I) \otimes \mathbf Q \to HC_{n-1} (A, I) \otimes \mathbf Q $$

between the relative K-theory of A with respect to a nilpotent two-sided ideal I to the relative cyclic homology (measuring the difference between K-theory or cyclic homology of A and of A/I) is an isomorphism for n≥1.

While Goodwillie's result holds for arbitrary rings, a quick reduction shows that it is in essence only a statement about $$A \otimes_{\mathbf Z} \mathbf Q$$. For rings not containing Q, cyclic homology must be replaced by topological cyclic homology in order to keep a close connection to K-theory. (If Q is contained in A, then cyclic homology and topological cyclic homology of A agree.) This is in line with the fact that (classical) Hochschild homology is less well-behaved than topological Hochschild homology for rings not containing Q. proved a far-reaching generalization of Goodwillie's result, stating that for a commutative ring A so that the Henselian lemma holds with respect to the ideal I, the relative K-theory is isomorphic to relative topological cyclic homology (without tensoring both with Q). Their result also encompasses a theorem of, asserting that in this situation the relative K-theory spectrum modulo an integer n which is invertible in A vanishes. used Gabber's result and Suslin rigidity to reprove Quillen's computation of the K-theory of finite fields.

title: Cyclic homology


text:
Talk:Fever Pitch (2005 film)

old comments
the 8-7 red sox win with the conga line is fiction. I went through all the red sox - yankees games of 2004 and there was no game like that. The fight game of 2004 is remembered to be an important game. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.150.124.241 (talk) 05:19, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I just removed this dead link:

Aroundthewayboy 22:45, 12 May 2006 (UTC) Well of course it's fiction. It's a movie. News Flash: Ben and Lyndsey are fiction too. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.67.234.133 (talk) 04:36, 29 April 2013 (UTC)

goofs
i'm pretty sure jimmy falon not being a red sox fan is not a movie goof. 128.252.188.235 12:29, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

one of god's most pathetic creatures
can't believe the full quote isn't here or on imdb. help? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.66.74.106 (talk) 15:02, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

Inappropriate and non-sourced statement.
The following was at the end of the "Critical and commercial reception" section:

"The film also received much criticism as it is effectively the same as the original football version, yet was adapted for American audiences as they are not interested in sports that are not the mainstream, "made-for-TV-sports" they are used to."

Aside from being over-generalizing, heavily opinionated, and grammatically clumsy, it provided a citation that led to a webpage (http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=feverpitch.htm) where no statement even remotely like this can be found. For these reasons, I removed it. Klopek007 (talk) 05:11, 26 October 2009 (UTC)

Perfect Catch
Perfect Catch redirects here. It's the name of this weird show on E! that I was trying to figure out what the heck was going on in. Is there anyone who knows it who could make a page for it?Torca (talk) 08:08, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

I guess Perfect Catch was the title for the UK release, in order to avoid the movie to be mistaken for the original feature it is based on. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 176.2.34.67 (talk) 08:49, 20 March 2016 (UTC)

Producer wrong link
Alan Greenspan links to the article about the chairman of the Federal Reserve, however the FED chairman hasn't made any movies. —Preceding unsigned comment added by AsgerJon (talk • contribs) 07:00, 21 August 2010 (UTC)

Ben's season ticket
Probably not deserving of inclusion in the main article (as we don't have trivia sections any more) but his seats were in Field Box 31 in Section 16. One seat was C4, not sure what the other was (apart from being next to C4!) --AlisonW (talk) 22:41, 6 September 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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Rewritten plot
Article states: The original plot had assumed the Red Sox would lose in the playoffs. However, the Sox stunned the baseball world when they won four straight games to win the 2004 ALCS against the rival Yankees (becoming the first MLB team to win a seven-game series after losing the first three games) and subsequent World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals to break the "Curse of the Bambino." Thus, the ending had to be rewritten. Was the original plot really about Red Sox losing? Since the original UK film had - as a major plot point - the underdog team unexpectedly win the entire series, it does feel like something the writers and producers would have considered from the start. 惑乱 Wakuran (talk) 22:19, 23 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fever Pitch (2005 film)


text:
Choco languages

The Choco languages (also Chocoan, Chocó, Chokó) are a small family of Native American languages spread across Colombia and Panama.

Family division
Choco consists of six known branches, all but two of which are extinct.

 * The Emberá languages (also known as Chocó proper, Cholo)
 * Noanamá (also known as Waunana, Woun Meu)
 * Anserma
 * Arma ? (unattested)
 * Sinúfana (Cenufara) ?
 * Caramanta ?

Anserma, Arma, and Sinúfana are extinct.

The Emberá group consists of two languages mainly in Colombia with over 60,000 speakers that lie within a fairly mutually intelligible dialect continuum. Ethnologue divides this into six languages. Kaufman (1994) considers the term Cholo to be vague and condescending. Noanamá has some 6,000 speakers on the Panama-Colombia border.

Jolkesky (2016)
Internal classification by Jolkesky (2016):

( = extinct)

 * Choko
 * Waunana
 * Embera
 * Southern
 * Embera Baudo
 * Embera Chami
 * Epena
 * Northern
 * Embera Katio
 * Embera Darien

Language contact
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Guahibo, Kamsa, Paez, Tukano, Witoto-Okaina, Yaruro, Chibchan, and Bora-Muinane language families due to contact.

Genetic links between Choco and Chibchan had been proposed by Lehmann (1920). However, similarities are few, some of which may be related to the adoption of maize cultivation from neighbors.

Genetic relations
Choco has been included in a number of hypothetical phylum relationships:

 * within Morris Swadesh's Macro-Leco
 * Antonio Tovar, Jorge A. Suárez, and Robert Gunn: related to Cariban
 * Čestmír Loukotka (1944): Southern Emberá may be related to Paezan, Noanamá to Arawakan
 * within Paul Rivet and Loukotka's (1950) Cariban
 * Constenla Umaña and Margery Peña: may be related to Chibchan
 * within Joseph Greenberg's Nuclear Paezan, most closely related to Paezan and Barbacoan
 * with Yaruro according to Pache (2016)

Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Chocó languages.

Proto-language
For reconstructions of Proto-Chocó and Proto-Emberá by Constenla and Margery (1991), see the corresponding Spanish article.

title: Choco languages


text:
John X. Merriman

John Xavier Merriman (15 March 1841 – 1 August 1926) was a South African politician who served as the eleventh Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1908 to 1910. He was the last prime minister of the Cape Colony before the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910.

Early life
He was born in Street, Somerset, England. His parents were Nathaniel James Merriman, curate of the parish of Street and later third Bishop of Grahamstown, and his wife Julia Potter, aunt of John Gerald Potter. He emigrated to the Cape Colony with his parents in 1849, aged 8. He was educated at the Diocesan College in Rondebosch, Cape Town, and then at Radley College in England.

He returned to South Africa in 1861 and entered politics in 1869. At the time politicians normally needed to rely on a supplementary career for income, and Merriman found a secure secondary occupation as a wine farmer at Schoongezicht, Stellenbosch, after having unsuccessfully tried a range of different professions, from surveyor to prospector to factory manager to merchant.

Political career
The "great object" of Merriman's life was parliament, and his parliamentary career (over 50 years) was one of the longest in Cape history. During this time he gained a reputation for great eloquence, elegant epithet and a brilliant wit, but also for erratic volatility with dramatic changes in his views.

Responsible Government (1869–1878)
At the time that he entered parliament, the Cape Colony was in the transition stage of representative government. In the Cape Parliament, he represented, firstly the district of Namaqualand, then Wodehouse and finally Victoria West.

He began his career as a conservative and an opponent of "Responsible Government" (government by an elected or "responsible" executive, rather than an appointed one), until it was successfully attained for the Cape Colony in 1872. He then became a leader of the opposition to the Cape's first elected government.

By 1875 however, he had converted completely, and the leader of the responsible government movement, now the Cape's first Prime Minister, John Molteno, recognised the young Merriman's competency and invited him to serve in his cabinet. He thus served in the Molteno government from 1875 to 1878, where he oversaw the biggest expansion of infrastructure that the Cape had ever undergone. Merriman's extraordinary gift for administration later led Molteno to trust him with pushing ahead the Cape's new railway and telegraph systems, in piloting the first South African Irrigation Act (1877) through parliament, and in protecting the Cape's internal affairs from any British government interference.

Merriman vigorously supported Molteno in rejecting Lord Carnarvon's ill-considered attempt to enforce a Confederation on the various states of southern Africa. The Colonial Office eventually overthrew the elected Cape Government in 1878, and forced the Fengu-Gcaleka, Anglo-Zulu and First Boer Wars, before the Confederation scheme finally failed as predicted. Merriman's shock at the actions of the Colonial Office developed into lasting anti-imperialist sentiments.

Opposition and isolation (1879–1890)
Merriman swiftly became the leading opponent of Sir John Gordon Sprigg, the new pro-imperialist Cape Prime Minister appointed by the Colonial Office. Now a leader of the liberals, Merriman led the attacks on Sprigg's "Bantu policy" and the discriminatory Disarmament Act, which led to the outbreak of the Basuto Gun War. The Sprigg government also provoked the Basotho Gun War, which it was unable to conclude. As the Governor's appointee, Sprigg had little local support, and when governor Sir Henry Bartle Frere was recalled to London for misconduct, his government fell.

After the fall of the Sprigg government, the volatile Merriman was not backed as the new Prime Minister, even though he had led the opposition, and the "safe" Thomas Charles Scanlen was elevated to the position instead. Merriman later served in the Scanlen ministry from 1881 to 1884, his private secretary in this time being Henry Latham Currey, the son of an old friend.

It was during his time in the Scanlen Ministry that Merriman rashly criticised the leader of the powerful Afrikaner Bond party, Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr, accusing him of accentuating racial divisions and famously dubbing him "the mole" for his work behind the scenes of parliament. While Merriman bore no personal animosity against him, Hofmeyr went on to topple the Scanlen government (reportedly because it opposed the Boers seizing Bechuanaland), and took decades to fully forgive Merriman. This grievance cost Merriman's career dearly, and blocked him from becoming Prime Minister on several occasions in the coming years.

From 1884 until 1890 he operated as a renegade liberal critic of the Upington and the second Sprigg ministry, politically isolated except for his friends JW Sauer and James Molteno.

Cecil Rhodes (1890–1898)
He was appointed Treasurer-General in Cecil Rhodes's government from 1890 to 1893, but he resigned when the 1893 "Logan Scandal" revealed the degree of corruption in Rhodes's business dealings, and then ended his relationship with Rhodes entirely after the Jameson Raid in December 1895.

Merriman chaired the Cape Commission which looked into the raid, and in its report he accused Rhodes of covert imperialist aims and requested that parliament abolish the privileges of Rhodes's Chartered Company. He also stated that the Transvaal should be reformed politically, rather than annexed by the British. In a letter to President Steyn (11 March 1898) he explained: "The greatest danger to the future lies in the attitude of President Kruger, and his vain hope of building up a State on a narrow, unenlightened minority."

Thereafter he became an ever-greater opponent of the mining interests and British imperialism in Southern Africa. This gradually regained him the sympathy and cooperation of the Afrikaner Bond led by Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr.

Boer War and aftermath (1899–1908)
He again served as Treasurer General of the Cape in the ministry of W.P. Schreiner from 1898 to 1900.

He tried but failed to prevent the Second Boer War, travelling to London with JW Sauer in attempt to dissuade the British Government from war. However they were publicly accused of being "Pro-Boer", the House of Commons refused them a hearing, and the public meetings that they held were disrupted by increasingly large numbers of violent pro-war demonstrators.

Schreiner's liberal but indecisive government fell in 1900, due to its opposition to disfranchising the "Cape rebels". With jingoist feeling running high from the Boer War, anti-war politicians suffered electoral losses across the Cape in the following years, and Merriman even lost his seat in parliament for a brief period.

In 1904 he returned however, took over leadership of the new "South African Party" from his friend and ally James Molteno, and with Molteno and Sauer, led the opposition to the ensuing exclusively-British government of Leander Starr Jameson in the lead up to the crucial national elections of January 1908.

Prime Minister (1908–1910)
In 1908 his South African Party together with the Afrikaner Bond won control of the Assembly and he served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony for two years, from 1908 until the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910.

He was a leading figure in the National Convention which brought about this Union. During the union negotiations, he fought to extend the multi-racial "Cape Qualified Franchise" system (whereby suffrage qualification applied equally to all male citizens, regardless of race) to the rest of South Africa. This failed, as it was strongly opposed by the other constituent states which were determined to enforce white rule. He succeeded however, in preserving a remnant of the multi-racial qualified franchise within the Cape Province. This result greatly disappointed Merriman and his allies, for whom the only possible justification of the Boer war had been to serve to eradicate the Transvaal's colour bar.

Merriman had originally been proposed as the first Prime Minister of the new union, and several of the constituent states, such as the Orange Free State, supported him for this position. However Lord Gladstone, the first Governor-General, asked the Afrikaner statesman, Louis Botha to form a government. This decision, inspired partly by British liberal guilt over the Boer War and a desire to make reparations to the Afrikaner people, ended up empowering reactionary political elements of the Transvaal and cementing the franchise distinctions across the new country.

Merriman declined to accept a post in the first Union Cabinet.

Career in the Union parliament
After union, he continued to serve in the Parliament of South Africa, representing first the constituency of Victoria West, and then Stellenbosch. He carried on a lively correspondence with Jan Christiaan Smuts, constantly warning him about possibilities of rebellion and civil war with Afrikaner sections of the white population who objected to South African cooperation with Great Britain against Germany in World War I, especially the South African invasion of German South-West Africa, now Namibia.

He was one of only a few members of Parliament who opposed the Native Land Act in 1913, which was legislation that drastically limited African ownership of land.

Political legacy
Merriman has subsequently been hailed as a brilliant but paradoxical statesman. An outspoken individualist, his career was marked by dramatic changes in his political position, but also by growing liberal convictions. Significantly, this painful evolution in his views early on saw him entirely change his attitude towards the Cape's Black citizens, from a deep prejudice when he first arrived in the Cape, to an attitude of enlightened respect. John Molteno noted this change with great approval in 1874 before appointing Merriman to his first cabinet position, and credited the persuasive arguments of liberal parliamentarians such as Saul Solomon as the transforming influence (Cape Argus, 1874).

For much of his career, in spite of his obvious ability, Merriman found himself in a liberal minority — fighting on two fronts against both the pro-imperialist "Progressives" of Rhodes and Milner, and the reactionary nationalism of the Afrikaner Bond. His South African Party was, in effect, practically defined by its opposition to imperialism and its support for the multi-racial franchise.

Merriman's inclusive and open attitude to race relations did not, initially, extend to gender. In July 1907, some of his closest allies Antonie Viljoen, JW Sauer and James Molteno were supporting an extension of the right to vote to women, however Merriman vigorously (and successfully) opposed them in a long, and very bitter, debate.

Nonetheless, by the time of the Union of South Africa he was widely considered to be the most prominent and influential liberal in South Africa, though he was criticised by allies and friends, such as Olive Schreiner, for not abiding by the principles of the Cape Liberal Tradition with consistency.

Personal life
In person, Merriman was a distinctive and very memorable character. Strikingly tall and thin, with a dramatic and quickfire manner of speaking, he made a strong impression on those who met him.

In 1874 he married Agnes Vintcent daughter of Mr. Joseph Vintcent, a member of the Cape Legislative Council. Though they had no children, the marriage was exceptionally happy. In 1892 he purchased a farm in Stellenbosch which later became Rustenberg Wines. The company has honoured him by naming its flagship red bordeaux blend after him.

He died, aged 85, in Stellenbosch, South Africa, in 1926. A prominent street in the town is called Merriman Avenue and a railway siding near Victoria West is named Merriman.

title: John X. Merriman


text:
Stormlord

Stormlord is a platform game developed and published by Hewson Consultants in 1989. It was released for the ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, Amiga, Atari ST, Amstrad CPC, and MS-DOS. It was ported to the Sega Genesis by Punk Development for Razorsoft and published in 1990.

It was followed by a sequel, Deliverance: Stormlord II.

Gameplay
The player can eliminate enemies by throwing a star-like weapon and travel rapidly from place to place by means of a particularly-powerful trampoline. In certain versions, this was replaced by a falcon. However, sometimes the journeys must be carefully planned out, since the falcon can transport the player on one-way trips, and if all fairies have not been freed from the previous area, it will be impossible to win. The player has a limited amount of time to finish (before the sunset).

Ports
Sega of America pulled the Genesis edition of the game off the market and forced Razorsoft to give clothing to cover up the faries' bare breasts. Indeed, certain advertisements for the game often made note of the controversy. In August 1991 Sega also announced that it was bringing legal action against RazorSoft for unauthorized use of Sega's "trademarks, copyrights and logos," and a breach of contract. Yet, programmer Kevin Seghetti stated that the changes on the Genesis version were done voluntarily.

However, when Amstrad Action gave the complete CPC version of the game away on their free covertape they edited the code of the game to cover up the fairies with a black square. This was due to avoid controversy with their young readership, or their parents.

Reception
CRASH reviewed the game in their May 1989 issue, giving the game their CRASH Smash award and an overall 91% rating: "Stormlord is immensely playable, highly addictive and a great CRASH Smash." Your Sinclair gave the game a 93 rating stating that the game was "another stormer from Raffaele Cecco. Buy it!" Entertainment Weekly gave the game a B and wrote that the game requires players to think and strategize. In 2010, UGO included Stormlord in the article "25 Sexy Video Game Secrets".

In 2009, GamesRadar included it among the games "with untapped franchise potential", commenting: "Nowadays, thanks to games like Conan and God of War, bare-chested men are free to rescue bare-chested women and Stormlord is ripe for a comeback."

The Spanish magazine Microhobby valued the game with the following scores: Originality: 70% Graphics: 90% Motion: 90% Sound: 80% Difficulty: 90% Addiction: 100%

title: Stormlord


text:
Talk:Dance Dance Revolution (1998 video game)

Guide Arrows, Beatmania-like mode
Hey, I've heard from my "DDR acquaintances" that the original Japanese 1st Mix's arrows didn't explode over the guide arrows when you hit a Perfect or Great -- they just continued passing up to the top. Also, hitting arrows when there aren't any on-screen earns a Poor, which drains your life, like Beatmania. I also heard that both of these aspects were removed for DDR 1.5 or 2nd Mix. I haven't played anything below 3rd Mix myself, so I can't verify any of it. Maybe some of the players on Aaron in Japan who were "there from the beginning" would know. It would be some interesting information to add if it's true. --Poiuytman 19:54, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Alright, no idea about the arrow exploding, but on 1st Mix home, there is an "Arrange Mode", separate from "Arcade Mode", where hitting the arrows when there are none on-screen earns a "OUCH!", which drains more from the gauge than a Miss. 1st Mix also always plays on Flat (Vivid arrows were not introduced until 3rd Mix). --Poiuytman 12:43, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Release dates
The IIDX Bible (a Beatmania IIDX information book released in Japan) apparently states that DDR was released in December 1998, and forum members from Bemanistyle confirm this. The location test was in September, and featured three songs that didn't make it onto the final version:
 * Money - Ragga Twins
 * Jump - Bus*Stop
 * Boys - Smile.dk

I can't find any information on 1.5's release date, but I find it odd that it would be released before 1st Mix. Revert it if you have some information on it, but please post a link here. --Poiuytman 12:43, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmm, it occured to me that the information was gathered from the Japanese DDR article. I researched this a bit more, and it appears that 1st Mix was the test version, released in September, and 1.5 was the official version released by Konami. The only real change between the two is the song removals and addition of Internet Ranking. However, the dates from the JP DDR article and IIDX bible still conflict (November/December?). --Poiuytman 13:18, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Three "unreleased" songs
I have been curiously looking for confirmation of the unreleased three songs. Tracing the rumors it all seems to lead back to a user who at one point worked with Bemanistyle under the name of NMR (no relation to the pseudonym, of course.) The fact no sources could be found beyond that notwithstanding, NMR was somewhat notorious for fabricating rumors/"facts". Food for thought; did anyone find more success than me in finding proof? Gerk 22:24, 23 September 2006 (UTC)

North America sales
http://www.ddrfreak.com/newpress/Wall%20Street%20Journal.htm According to the WSJ, Dance Dance Revolution sold over 100 units since its March 1999 release. The price tag was US$15,500 or about CA22,475 at that time. The DDR USA upgrade kit was released in late 2000 for US$2,500 or about CA$3,625. The kit removed nine songs from the 1999 game, but added 22 new songs, for a total of 26 songs. --LABcrabs (talk) 11:22, 25 February 2019 (UTC)


text:
Don Johnson Big Band

Don Johnson Big Band is an alternative hip hop group from Helsinki, Finland. Their music blends influences from a variety of genres such as electronic music, funk, rock, jazz and hip hop.

History
The name "Don Johnson Big Band" comes from the actor Don Johnson in the series Miami Vice. The band had to come up with a name to reserve a place for training.

Members
Don Johnson Big Band consists of four people: Tommy Lindgren (vocals), Kari Saarilahti (guitar), Johannes Laiho (keyboards) and Pekka Mikkonen (horns). Despite their name, they are not a big band, but instead a mix between rap, hip hop, techno, jazz, blues and rock. Regular featuring artists on DJBB gigs and albums are Juuso Hannukainen (percussion), Tero Rantanen (percussion), Emma Salokoski (vocals), and Teppo Mäkynen (turntables).

Albums

 * Support de Microphones (2000)
 * Breaking Daylight (2003)
 * Don Johnson Big Band (2006)
 * Records Are Forever (2009)
 * Fiesta (2012)
 * Physical Digital (2018)
 * Digital Physical (2022)
 * Midnight Movement (2024)

Trivia

 * Lindgren, Saarilahti and Laiho are old high school friends. Mikkonen joined in later.
 * Their 2009 album includes a song dedicated to Usain Bolt, titled Running Man.

title: Don Johnson Big Band


text:
Swale (landform)

A swale is a shady spot, or a sunken or marshy place. In US usage in particular, it is a shallow channel with gently sloping sides. Such a swale may be either natural or human-made. Artificial swales are often infiltration basins, designed to manage water runoff, filter pollutants, and increase rainwater infiltration. Bioswales are swales that involve the inclusion of plants or vegetation in their construction, specifically.

On land
The use of swales has been popularized as a rainwater-harvesting and  soil-conservation strategy by Bill Mollison, David Holmgren, and other advocates of permaculture. In this context a swale is usually a water-harvesting ditch on contour, also called a contour bund.

Swales as used in permaculture are designed by permaculturalists to slow and capture runoff by spreading it horizontally across the landscape (along an elevation contour line), facilitating runoff infiltration into the soil. This archetypal form of swale is a dug-out, sloped, often grassed or "ditch" or "lull" in the landform. One option involves piling the soil onto a new bank on the still lower slope, in which case a bund or berm is formed, mitigating the natural (and often hardscape-increased) risks to slopes below and to any linked watercourse from flash flooding.

In arid and seasonally dry places, vegetation (existing or planted) in the swale benefits heavily from the concentration of runoff. Trees and shrubs along the swale can provide shade and mulch which decrease evaporation.

On beaches
The term "swale" or "beach swale" is also used to describe long, narrow, usually shallow troughs between ridges or sandbars on a beach, that run parallel to the shoreline.

title: Swale (landform)


text:
North Berwick Law

North Berwick Law, sometimes abbreviated to Berwick Law, is a conical hill which rises conspicuously from the surrounding landscape (this is the definition of the Lowland Scots word "law"). It overlooks the East Lothian town of North Berwick, Scotland, and stands at 613 ft (187 m) above sea level.

It is considerably steeper (1:1 gradient) on its north side.

Geology
Geologically, the law is a volcanic plug of hard phonolitic trachyte rock of Carboniferous (Dinantian) age. It has survived the scraping glaciers of the ice age. It is a crag and tail with a prominent tail extending eastwards.

History
The summit bears remnants of an Iron Age hill fort, and the ruins of later military buildings that were once used by lookouts in both the Napoleonic Wars, and in World War II.

Since 1709 the law has been topped with a whale's jawbone. The bone was replaced three times until being removed, due to safety concerns, in 2005. On 26 June 2008, a fibreglass replica whale bone, the same size as the one that was removed in 2005, was airlifted into place to give North Berwick Law back its landmark. The funding for the replica was donated by an anonymous friend of North Berwick.

Access to the summit
The summit of the hill can be reached by a foothpath starting from a car park located at the foot of the law. The round trip takes about one hour's walk. In order to reduce soil erosion it's warmly recommended to hikers not to leave the established path. The hill top, in clear weather, offers views of the Firth of Forth and of the nearby Bass Rock island.

title: North Berwick Law


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Brandi Engel

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 11:08, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Brandi Engel
"actress" with one role in an unreleased film. Gained some very limited fame by appearing on IMDb's 'Fresh Faces'. Her career has the potential to take off, but it hasn't yet. Xezbeth 19:59, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * comment; resume here Mozzerati 22:05, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable enough - only 1 movie to date. Megan1967 00:57, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It seems she's done more theather work than everything else. Calling her a film actress is probably factually incorrect. I'd be happy to keep the article, but in it's current form it's far from informative. Also, the film she's starred in has yet to be released. Abstain. Mgm|(talk) 09:52, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Pages like this are worse than nothing. Delete. -R. fiend 01:04, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not an article, no evidence of notability. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:30, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No information there.  The question is not whether she deserves an article, but whether this is an encyclopedia article. Actually, this should be a candidate for "speedy deletion". Aleph4 12:03, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.