text:
P. P. Hartnett

Peter Paul Hartnett, aka PP Hartnett (born 1958) is a London Irish writer, spoken word performer and photographer currently based at the edge of a forest close to the coastal area of Kirkcudbrightshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. In terms of fiction, his focus is upon emotional damage, written from a moral perspective. His most notable commercial successes have been the works entitled Call Me, I Want to Fuck You, Rock 'n' Roll Suicide and Sixteen.

PP Hartnett's recent download titles include < >, Full Screen and the series SEX : MALE, published by Autopsy, that contains works such as Call Me, I Want to Fuck You, Mmm Yeah, Sixteen, Rock 'n' Roll Suicide, POZMEUP, You... and Needs Discussion.

PP Hartnett has produced two spoken word albums of his fiction, Ferris Wheel Kiss and The Very Idea. Hartnett also fronts a band named < > (formerly known as Child R*pe Photos) having released an album entitled Tripod, Camera, Self-Timer (Autopsy). The focus of the work is long-term sexual abuse within the Catholic Church. PP Hartnett was educated by the Benedictine monks of Ealing Abbey's St Benedict's School, West London.

Poetry
PP Hartnett has published a number of signed limited edition hardback works via Autopsy, such as date of birth, time of death (January 2017), three men, in tears (July, 2017), gentle and tender, act of confession (May, 2018), with works i shouldn't, must stop (January 2019).

Spoken word
2018 releases include schoolboysoul and none of god's business, a two-track download spoken word double A-side (January 2018), and gentle and tender, act of confession, a five-track download spoken word EP (March, 2018).

Subversive works
Unusually, Dennis Nilsen has provided the illustrations for much of Hartnett's work, such as within SEX : MALE and Full Screen. The spoken word album accompanied his last book, a roman a clef entitled < >, was banned by Tunecore for its content – a fictional television documentary detailing four accounts of child abuse by Catholic priests within a fictional Catholic school in West London. Apple's iBooks Store went on to reject Full Screen as containing prohibited explicit or objectionable content, as reported in Keighley News and Telegraph & Argus.

Photography
Peter Paul Hartnett initially made his name as a photographer on the underground gay club scene, developing and printing his own work. Hartnett took his first nightclub photograph of punk icon Soo Catwoman at Bang Disco, London, in October 1976. He worked at London hotspots such as Leigh Bowery's Taboo, publishing his photography in publications such as i-D, Dazed & Confused, V-Man, Vision, XLR8R, Fused, The Observer Magazine, The Independent Magazine, The Sunday Telegraph Magazine and The Sunday Times Magazine, among others.

Hartnett's access to non-mainstream alternative spaces offered a view into a previously unseen part of this undocumented subculture. Although his work was journalistic in approach, he claims he has always attempted to capture real life from a moral perspective, saying, 'I tend not to take photographs that are in any way manipulative or exploitative. When I have, for example, photographed someone who has been drunk or drug-fucked, I will often edit these out of a presentation as they can be demeaning. I do not do nudes. Sometimes I have photographed dancers who look so lost, and these images tend not to get published as I feel a camera can be invasive and that is not my intention. I feel very protective about my subjects.'

Hartnett regularly documents London Fashion Week, Graduate Fashion Week, Free Range, plus music festivals, with his favourite being the annual Rebellion Punk Festival.

As a collector of vintage photography, Hartnett has until very recently been a major contributor to the Photographic Youth Music Culture Archive, with his work now represented by Lee Dalton at Photoshot / Avalon.

His broadcasting work has included MTV, VH1, RTL, BBC, Channel 4 and Discovery / TLC.

Awards and honours
Hartnett has won a North West Arts Award.

In 2007, Hartnett was also declared winner of The Manchester Monologues Manchester Metropolitan University Literary Competition, in collaboration with Urbis Offcut at The Manchester Fringe Festival.

title: P. P. Hartnett


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tilly O'shea

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 19:01, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Tilly O'shea
Gets 24 Google hits, very few for something web related. This was created by User:62.254.64.16, who has been vandalizing some pages. . JoaoRicardo 20:29, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nanocruft. Wyss 01:06, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, patent nonsense masquerading as a non-notable vanity article. —Korath (Talk) 06:11, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text: User talk:69.244.79.222

title: User talk:69.244.79.222


text:
Foulney Island

Foulney Island is a low-lying grass and shingle area 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south-east of Roa Island, off the southern tip of the Furness Peninsula in Cumbria, England. Foulney Island is one of the Islands of Furness in Morecambe Bay, northern England. For local government purposes the island is in the borough of Barrow-in-Furness. It has an area of about 40 acres (16 ha). In earlier times it was known as Fowle Island.

The island is connected to the mainland via a shingle and rock causeway which was built in Victorian times as a tidal protection measure. The Foulney causeway leaves the Roa Island causeway halfway along its length on the eastern side. The maximum elevation on the island is no more than 10 feet (3 metres) above the high tide level. At the time of highest tides much of the island can be inundated. There are no permanent inhabitants on the island.

Bird sanctuary
Foulney is a bird sanctuary and is included in the South Walney & Piel Channel Flats Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

Since 1974 the island has been managed by the Cumbria Wildlife Trust. During the summer months the island is wardened and visitors are discouraged from walking in the nesting areas. Bird species observed at Foulney include:

 * Sandwich tern; occasional.
 * Little tern
 * Arctic tern; Foulney is the only breeding location in north-west England.
 * Common tern
 * Roseate tern; rare.
 * Eurasian oystercatcher
 * Ringed plover
 * Golden plover
 * Grey plover
 * Brent goose
 * Red-breasted merganser
 * Great crested grebe
 * Common scoter
 * Redshank
 * Meadow pipit
 * Common eider
 * Dunlin
 * Knot
 * Sanderling
 * Eurasian curlew
 * Eurasian whimbrel
 * Black-tailed godwit

Getting to Foulney
Access to Foulney Island involves a walk of about a mile along the causeway. Visitors should not take dogs and should avoid the nesting grounds during the breeding season. In recent times (2004/2005) the area has become popular with cockle and mussel pickers. There is some concern locally that damage might be done to the nesting sites if these activities continue to expand. Also, worry for the safety of the cocklers has increased since the 2004 Morecambe Bay cockling disaster, in which 21 Chinese cocklers drowned. Foulney and its immediate surrounds are popular with fishermen and windsurfers.

title: Foulney Island


text:
J. R. Richards

John Robert Richards, later Reid-Richards (born April 30, 1967) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and television and film composer. Prior to his 2005 departure, Richards was the original lead singer and principal songwriter of the alternative rock band Dishwalla.

Dishwalla
Richards began his career as the lead singer of the alternative rock band Dishwalla. The band released their debut album Pet Your Friends in 1995. The album scored Dishwalla a #1 hit in 1996 with the Richards-penned "Counting Blue Cars", which won Richards a Billboard Music Award for Top Mainstream Rock Track of the Year.

Dishwalla produced four other albums with Richards as lead singer and main songwriter, including And You Think You Know What Life's About (1998), Opaline (2002), a live album called Live... Greetings from the Flow State (2003), and Dishwalla (2005). Following the completion of Dishwalla, bassist Scot Alexander and drummer Pete Maloney left the band. The band broke up shortly after their departures. In 2008, Dishwalla reformed without Richards.

Solo career and other ventures
Richards’ debut solo album A Beautiful End was released in 2009 and debuted in the Top 50 on iTunes. In 2016, Richards released his second solo album, Honore et Amore, as well as an all-acoustic album of songs he wrote while in Dishwalla, Stripped. Richards has released two albums since, the holiday EP "Angelgold " in 2018 and an album of covers called "Under The Cover" in 2019.

In January 2011, Richards co-created the 20k Watts project. 20k Watts is an eco-alliance which aims to bring sustainable clean energy to developing communities in need. In 2013, the city of Los Angeles awarded Richards a proclamation for dedication to enhancing the lives of families in extreme poverty for his work in El Salvador with 20k Watts.

Richards has been producing since the 1990s and, along with Dishwalla, has gone on to produce other artists including Dom AD, Amy Grant, boudwin, Paddock, Awi Rafael and the British band BritRoyal. He also produced his solo albums as well as songs for various television shows, including One Tree Hill (TV series) in 2009, How I Met Your Mother in 2012, and Criminal Minds in 2013. In 2013, he wrote, produced and performed songs (including the theme song "White Light"), for the TV series SAF3. In 2017, Richards wrote and recorded twenty songs for the newly re-booted version of "Baywatch".

Richards has appeared as an actor in the films, Charmed, Almost Anything, 2:13 and Morning (which he also scored).

Discography

 * TBD (2020)
 * Under the Cover (2019)
 * Stripped (2016)
 * Honore et Amore (2015)
 * A Beautiful End (2009)
 * Dishwalla (2005)
 * Live...Greetings (2003)
 * Opaline (2002)
 * And you think you know (1998)
 * Pet your friends (1995)

Personal life
Richards graduated from Santa Barbara High School, where his father was principal. He is married to British director and sculptor Min Reid-Richards. The couple have four children.

Awards

 * R&R No. 1 Record of the Year 1996
 * R&R No. 1 Top 50 Active Rock Chart 5 Weeks in a row
 * R&R No. 1 Top 50 Alternative Rock Chart 2 Weeks in a row
 * R&R No. 1 Top 50 Rock Chart 2 Weeks in a row
 * R&R Top 5 Hot AC Chart
 * Billboard Award for Rock Track of the Year 1997
 * Billboard No. 1 Heatseeker Album Track
 * Billboard No. 1 Modern Rock Track
 * Billboard No. 4 Top 40 Mainstream Track
 * Billboard No. 5 Hot AC Track
 * Billboard No. 15 Hot 100 Track
 * RIAA Certified Gold Records – Pet Your Friends
 * RIAA Certified Gold Single – Counting Blue Cars
 * ASCAP Pop Music Award 1997
 * ASCAP Pop Music Award 1998
 * City of Los Angeles Proclamation for Dedication to Enhancing Lives of Families living in Extreme Poverty 2013

title: J. R. Richards


text:
Exopolymer

An exopolymer is a biopolymer that is secreted by an organism into the environment (i.e. external to the organism). These exopolymers include the biofilms produced by bacteria to anchor them and protect them from environmental conditions. One type of expolymer, Transparent Exopolymers (TEP), found in both marine and aquatic ecosystems, are planktonic acidic polysaccharides of a gel-like consistency, originally defined by their ability to be stained visible by acidic Alcian Blue. Their free-floating characteristic sets TEPs aside from other extracellular polymeric substance subgroups where exopolymers exists as cell coating, dissolved slime or as part of biofilm matrices.

The formation of Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) is mainly due to the abiotic coagulation of dissolved carbohydrates, which are secreted by phytoplankton communities. TEP have the ability to form larger aggregates because of their strong surface active properties or “stickiness”. This particular property of TEP allows them to perform as a glue matrix for other solid particles including detritus.

Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) are also a carbon source for bacteria, playing a significant role in affecting the food web structure and the ocean's carbon cycle. Additionally, the conversion of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to particulate organic carbon (POC) is an aggregation process that is due to TEP formation.

title: Exopolymer


text:
Talk:Single instruction, multiple data

Other early SIMD machines
Other examples of early SIMD machines were:

 * Xplor supercomputer, from Pyxsys, Inc., circa 2001

 * Connection Machine, models 1 and 2 (CM-1 and CM-2), from Thinking Machines Corporation, circa 1985

 * Zephyr DTC computer from Wavetracer, circa 1991

 * Massively Parallel Processor (MPP), from NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, circa 1983-1991

There were many others from this era as well. At least some of them deserve mention on the SIMD page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gwilcox (talk • contribs) 20:35, 13 February 2005 (UTC)

Max. popularity
Max. Popularity :
 * SIMD is very used for these slowest video-codecs of complex design : XviD, DivX, H.263+ AVC (the best of 2004 was AVC NeroDigital), ...

The reasons are that many users are P2P users, movies pirates, porn viewers, ... and they need to compress the space of MPEG-2 DVD 4.7 GB to XviD/DivX/AVC MPEG-4 CD 700 MB (for slow Internet) using the tool VirtualDub. The typical time to complete the compression with SIMD depending on the used codec is between 2 hours using the fastest PC and 12 hours using the slowest PC. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.14.140.198 (talk • contribs) 15:45, 15 March 2005 (UTC)

DSPs not past-tense
DSPs aren't exactly past-tense. There are more of them in use now than there are processors with SIMD units. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.129.123.40 (talk • contribs) 23:03, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * yep. Tensilica sold its billionth Audio DSP over 12 years ago. They were bought by... Cadence? i think? and they supply MAXIM.  they also do LTE SIMD DSPs for use in phones. plenty of those around. And TI hasn't stopped selling DSPs either. Lkcl (talk) 05:06, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
 * yep. Tensilica sold its billionth Audio DSP over 12 years ago. They were bought by... Cadence? i think? and they supply MAXIM.  they also do LTE SIMD DSPs for use in phones. plenty of those around. And TI hasn't stopped selling DSPs either. Lkcl (talk) 05:06, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

Stream processing
Another SIMD/MIMD architecture has emerged in stream processors. I am not well aware of where to put this update in the page (maybe a previous editor has an idea). I believe it's quite important this page (the only which is not a stub) also mentions the new paradigm functionality. MaxDZ8 09:52, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

SIMD definition

 * $1 = $2 + $3
 * Single instruction ? Yes: +
 * Multiple data ? Yes: $1, $2, $3

There's no definition of what SIMD means. Please write one in the text. --Hdante 11:25, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

bad link
there is a bad link in http://www.teranex.com/support/docs/TeranexParallelProc.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by  Pizzadeliveryboy (talk • contribs) 12:11, 2 June 2006 (UTC)

Z80
I'm surprised the Z80 isn't mentioned. It was arguably the first mass-market CPU with SIMD instructions, albeit not terribly well implemented ones (the main purpose appeared to be to save memory by allowing block copies to be implemented with one two-byte instruction. The instruction was refetched on every cycle, meaning that it didn't offer significant performance advantages over coding the loops by hand.) 66.32.15.71 13:11, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

 * It's unincluded because that's not really SIMD in the modern sense: it's really operating on just one chunk of data per clock cycle -- in other words it's executing the instruction many times, with one word processed per instruction executed. Most modern engineers use SIMD to refer to an architecture that processes several orthogonal chunks of data in parallel with a single instruction executed. This is a vague concept on an out-of-order CISC processor like the Intel (because what the heck does a "clock" mean anyway when a given instruction can take anywhere between two and twenty clocks?) but a very real one on something like the PlayStation 2's vector unit, where you really can add two groups of four floating point numbers to each other every clock. Collabi 19:12, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Also, the Z80 had a single ALU for processing the LDIR and LDDR instructions. The ALU was only involved in the inc/dec-then-repeat part, I suspect.  Typical about a SIMD architecture is that there is a processing unit of some kind (the ALU in case of the Z80) in each of the parallel branches.  The LDIR and LDDR instructions are microcoded loops, but they are not parallelisation concepts. Rick 11:13, July 6, 2015 (UTC)  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.161.146.46 (talk)

Why the speedup is 75% in the graph?
Shouldn't it be 300%? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Berniefu (talk • contribs) 00:52, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

I agree, if it can do four times as many operations in the same time it's a 300% speedup. Also, does anyone else think the font in those images is hideous and inappropriate? Jrmrjnck (talk) 19:54, 27 February 2013 (UTC)

YMM vs ZMM
In the Hardware section is sais: "Intel's AVX SIMD instructions now process 256 bits of data at once", isn't it deprecated, and now in 512 bits? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Themarina.m (talk • contribs) 14:44, 13 August 2017 (UTC)

.NET SIMD linked library has been deprecated
In the Software section the Microsoft.Bcl.Simd library is linked, but it has been deprecated in favour of the System.Numerics.Vectors NuGet package. Frabert (talk) 09:44, 12 January 2018 (UTC)frabertFrabert (talk) 09:44, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

Leaning on parallelism without much thought
Thus, such machines exploit data level parallelism, but not concurrency: there are simultaneous (parallel) computations, but only a single process (instruction) at a given moment.

Why do we have this automatic boner for parallelism? (In my experience, "exploit" is almost always parallelism's preceding verb; bonerville by any other name would smell as sweet.)

What we really need to be saying is that in cases where regimentation is natural (or can be imposed upon the data), SIMD allow fewer instructions to process more data—this being important if performance (in either the time or energy domain or both) is architecturally rate limiting.

There's another meaning of parallelism where you try to avoid creating false dependencies: every operation with its arguments available is free to dispatch. In this regime you don't end up at low resource utilization waiting for a slow boat. That's the notion of parallelism which is closer to the bonerific free lunch. But that glorious notion of parallelism has nothing to do with SIMD at all. It just happens that modest SIMD (registers in the 256-bit range) is compatible with superscalar OOO.

I know I'm not in the majority here, but parallelism is not an elementary explanatory term if you make any effort to think clearly.

The actual trade-off here is that in cases where you can sufficiently regiment the data (which might be painful for the programmers or other computational units within the system), you decrease the instruction dispatch rate per volume of data processed.

Note also that we didn't originally classify fetching AX and then processing the two halves separately as AH and AL as a SIMD fetch operation. Chunking optimizations are also a slightly different concept. You can also feed arithmetic units in parallel with superscalar dispatch (macro-op fusion could also take you there on the internal execution path, even if it's not explicit in the ISA). Chunking is inherent in almost all modern cache design.

The really core idea of SIMD is explicit data regimentation, and the driving motivation for this is to conserve orchestration resources at some level, because orchestration has fundamental costs and limits. — MaxEnt 22:07, 26 April 2018 (UTC)

Replace diagrams to ones that don't use an Elvish font
The two diagrams in the article for some reason use a "tengwar" font, which makes no sense for an article on cpu instruction handling. Can anyone generate new diagrams that use normal fonts instead of using Lord of the Rings typography? Pomax (talk) 06:11, 28 December 2018 (UTC)

Mention Groq in Commercial applications section?
In conjunction with MaxDZ8's comment regarding stream processing, it seems this page should mention Groq as a provider of SIMD/stream processing solutions Groq Technology. Perhaps in the "Commercial applications" section? Cl.taurus (talk) 18:08, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

Page quality is awful (in the summary)
See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Vector_processor#deeper_problems_with_all_associated_articles

This page is painfully factually misleading (turns out only to be in the intro, the rest is pretty good)

 * SIMD is described as a type of processor (wrong, it's a type of ALU)
 * SIMT is described as a type of multi threading by linking to the *software* multithreading page (wrong).
 * Vector Processing is described as a class of SIMD (wrong).
 * Vector processing is further described as being only single issue execution to pipelines (wrong on two counts)

and that's in just the first few paragraphs. i'm sufficiently shocked i actually stopped reading any further. the entire page will need a complete review, i'll try to make some notes over the next few days / weeks and provide some notes and refs where i can. Lkcl (talk) 05:03, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

ok whew, i couldn't help but continue reading, in trepidation, and actually it's pretty good. the only other thing i could see on a first readthrough is "One of the recent processors to use vector processing wad the Cell Processor". which will only be true if it was Predicated SIMD. which is unlikely given it was 2003. there was a drive around this time to use the word "Vector" a lot, and to copy features of Vector Processors. i'll need to read the Cell SPE ISA Manual to confirm it. sigh :) summary: other than the intro, the page is pretty good. Lkcl (talk) 05:16, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

ah maaan, even the diagrams are misleading: they have no reference to the fact that it is simply the ALU which has SIMD, even referring to "SIMD CPU". sigh. a 2nd readthrough there's additional references to "SIMD Processor" as well which is additionally misleading. Lkcl (talk) 07:47, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

gaah this is really tough to find accurate diagrams. the quality of course lectures on SIMD is dreadfully unclear. here, finally, a good one https://d3i71xaburhd42.cloudfront.net/d40bf0b4b8e5cd2f337020ecacf487154c28d4eb/6-Figure4-1.png and another one https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S074373151830813X-gr2.jpg&imgrefurl=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S074373151830813X&docid=0szvp7E9KPOlpM&tbnid=we4ZQ0R6asH3FM&vet=1&source=sh/x/im

both those images clearly show that SIMD is a feature of the *ALU* i.e.:

 * the register comes from the register file (as a single quantity, from a single instruction)
 * the register (QTY 1) is split into equal-sized fragments (QTY N)
 * each fragment is directed synchronously to either different parts of the same ALU *OR* in some cases to multiple but functionally identical ALUs (this is the part that's dreadfully unclear in online Academic coursework)
 * the result fragments (QTY N) are collated synchronously into their corresponding positions into a single result (QTY 1)
 * the single result (QTY 1) is sent to the register file.

it's called single instruction multiple data for a reason.

it really is not all that different from scalar processing which is why it is so seductive. dead easy for the hardware engineer, total bitch for programmers. Lkcl (talk) 08:11, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

excellent, found one at last that's not paywalled. https://csdl-images.computer.org/trans/td/2018/01/figures/mcall2-2746081.gif https://www.computer.org/csdl/journal/td/2018/01/08017591/13rRUwbs1Sl argh no, actually even that is miscategorised! it's SIMT! or, could be confused for SIMT, because each ALU has an associated register file. why is this so hard for people to get right and also clear?? gah! :) Lkcl (talk) 10:15, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
 * In the 1966 paper where Flynn introduces the term "SIMD" (along with "SISD", "MISD", and "MIMD"), he gives as examples of SIMD processors SOLOMON] and [[ILLIAC IV, saying that
 * "There are n universal execution units each with its own access to operand storage. The single instruction stream acts simultaneously on the n operands without using confluence techniques. Increased performance is gained strictly by using more units. Communication between units is restricted to a predetermined neighborhood pattern and must also proceed in au niversal, uniform fashion [Fig. 7(a)]."

 * In a later 1972 paper, he describes three types of SIMD processors - array processors (like SOLOMON and ILLIAC IV), pipelined processors (not exactly the same as what's now called pipelining; see the diagram), and associative processors (where the units doing the processing for a given instruction are selected by pattern-matching).
 * This isn't just an ALU, this is a system, with multiple elements, each with its own ALU and, at least in the case of SOLOMON, its own memory, all acting under the direction of a single control unit fetching an instruction and executing it by getting all processor units to perform the same operation.
 * Modern machines referred to as SIMD are typically different - the multiple elements are just parts of the ALU, operating on multiple data items in a single word of some length (possibly larger than the "native" word length of the machine). That's not the only type of SIMD in existence, however. Guy Harris (talk) 10:53, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
 * yes, true / agreed. however none of this is mentioned / referenced in the article.  i'm actually going to be implementing SIMD that's not pipelined at all, but is multiple Finite State Machines, with a post-termination synchronisation phase for example.
 * SOLOMON sounds very similar to the Aspex ASP i worked with back in 2004: although the company called it Massive wide SIMD (QTY 4096 2-bit ALUs), the fact that each of those 4096 ALUs had a 256 byte independent CAM plus another 128 bits of DRAM made it more like the SIMT of today.
 * bottom line is, both this page and the vector processor one are a bit of a mess as far as categorisation is concerned, and need a concerted effort and some clear diagrams. Duncan's Taxonomy is clearer than Flynn's but even that missed SIMT. Lkcl (talk) 12:06, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
 * also the pattern-matching sounds remarkably similar to what is now called "Predicated SIMD" which is really useful and should be referenced, good find Lkcl (talk) 15:57, 15 June 2021 (UTC)
 * hey guy yeah those diagrams in fig 5 are really clear. antiquated but clear.  (A) is SIMT. (B) is standard midetn SIMD if you upgrade it slightly and add Register on the right rather than Memory (C) is predicated SIMD. the question is, why the hell are these missing from the Flynn Taxonomy page and associated Category/Template?? Lkcl (talk) 20:26, 15 June 2021 (UTC)
 * ahh maaaan, i took a look at Flynn's Taxonomy on SIMD, it makes a false claim that NVIDIA's SIMT is novel and that Flynn's Type (1) SIMD is not SIMT. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flynn%27s_taxonomy#Single_instruction_stream,_multiple_data_streams_(SIMD) the more investigation the more alarming this is getting. Lkcl (talk) 20:36, 15 June 2021 (UTC)
 * guy i've started adding first to Flynn's taxonomy, the refs here are invaluable, thank you Lkcl (talk) 21:57, 16 June 2021 (UTC)
 * ok i am reasonably happy with Flynn's taxonomy and the next target will be the SIMD page itself. i am pushing my luck by doing so much editing so will do a minimum of corrections here. Lkcl (talk) 18:00, 17 June 2021 (UTC)
 * guy i've started adding first to Flynn's taxonomy, the refs here are invaluable, thank you Lkcl (talk) 21:57, 16 June 2021 (UTC)
 * ok i am reasonably happy with Flynn's taxonomy and the next target will be the SIMD page itself. i am pushing my luck by doing so much editing so will do a minimum of corrections here. Lkcl (talk) 18:00, 17 June 2021 (UTC)
 * ok i am reasonably happy with Flynn's taxonomy and the next target will be the SIMD page itself. i am pushing my luck by doing so much editing so will do a minimum of corrections here. Lkcl (talk) 18:00, 17 June 2021 (UTC)
 * ok i am reasonably happy with Flynn's taxonomy and the next target will be the SIMD page itself. i am pushing my luck by doing so much editing so will do a minimum of corrections here. Lkcl (talk) 18:00, 17 June 2021 (UTC)

notes on avx512
section for collating research on AVX512 SIMD problems

 * https://travisdowns.github.io/blog/2020/01/17/avxfreq1.html#512-bit-integer-simd-avx-512
 * https://blog.cloudflare.com/on-the-dangers-of-intels-frequency-scaling/
 * https://lemire.me/blog/2018/09/07/avx-512-when-and-how-to-use-these-new-instructions/
 * not avx512 but 256 bit, describes evidence of a "warmup" feature in the top 128 bits https://www.agner.org/optimize/blog/read.php?i=628

Requested move 21 January 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Moved, with the redirect from the acronym remaining in this instance. (And apologies for the mix up with the SISD move earlier, that is now fixed). — Amakuru (talk) 16:26, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

SIMD → Single instruction, multiple data – Propose to move the article title to the full name as it immediately becomes more descriptive and easily recognizable for users somewhat familiar with computer architecture, by recognizing the words "instruction" and "data". However, this may however conflict with WP:TITLEFORMAT. The same change has been proposed for SISD, SIMD, MISD, MIMD). Sauer202 (talk) 13:24, 21 January 2022 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Weak support could be a DAB with Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, the 1st and most Google results are for the Scottish meaning though that's probably biased due to my location (England). However this does get many more views (8,870) compared with 217[|Scottish_Index_of_Multiple_Deprivation] for the Scottish meaning.  Crouch, Swale  ( talk ) 10:57, 23 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Support For consistency, as I see that MIMD has been moved. But I suggest leaving SIMD as a redirect to this article because of the four classes (SISD, SIMD, MISD, MIMD) SIMD is the acronym that is still widely used (for SIMD instructions etc). JonH (talk) 15:38, 28 January 2022 (UTC)
 * For "SIMD" "instruction" I get 1,010,000 Google hits, and for "SIMD" "scotland" I get 171,000. JonH (talk) 16:04, 28 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Comment Currently SISD has been moved to Single instruction, multiple data. I assume that is a mistake that will be corrected. JonH (talk) 15:54, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Single instruction, multiple data


text:
Lèbes gamikòs

The lèbes gamikòs or "nuptial lebes" (: lèbetes gamikòi) is a form of ancient Greek pottery used in marriage ceremonies (literally, it means marriage vase). It was probably used in the ritual sprinkling of the bride with water before the wedding. In form, it has a large bowl-like body and a stand that can be long or short. Painted scenes are placed on either the body of the vessel or the stand.

One of the earliest lèbetes gamikòi was apparently painted by a follower of Sophilos (c. 580–570). It was decorated with the wedding procession of Helen and Menelaus.

A typical lèbes gamikòs shows wedding scenes (including mythic weddings such as the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, but the iconography can also be related to scenes such as mimes).

title: Lèbes gamikòs


text: File:Yes The Ladder.jpg

title: File:Yes The Ladder.jpg


text: User talk:80.60.84.64

title: User talk:80.60.84.64


text:
User talk:195.93.21.7

Nomination of List of former Hollyoaks characters for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article List of former Hollyoaks characters is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/List of former Hollyoaks characters until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 07:16, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:195.93.21.7


text:
User:Offcentre

Offcentre is the Wiki persona of Natalia West, webmistress of Offcentre.net.

title: User:Offcentre


text: User talk:65.94.199.115

title: User talk:65.94.199.115


text:
Talk:Yield curve

Older entries
This is a great article. Congratulations to all the editors involved.

Reasons for failure were:

(I say we wait about a month, and resubmit in late March.) --Christofurio 20:59, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)

Let's get rid of "stylized facts"
"Stylized facts" are stylistically horrible. Facts must be true, otherwise a statement is either a falsehood or an opinion. Which make "stylized facts" ... mere economic jargon.

 * I'm not totally disagreeing, but you could also argue that the term 'yield curve' is 'mere economic jargon'. The use of the term 'stylized fact' is widespread in economic literature, because so many behaviours are statistically inferred. It is very cumbersome to say something like "...under the conditions for which data exists thusfar, which may not be enough to make a robust statistical inference, bond yields of different maturities have tended to move together a statistically significant number of times, which we will now posit is a 'normal' market condition, and henceforth will refer to as a 'fact' and use as the basis for a model of the market under real conditions in conjunction with other similarly created suppositions that together will aid our understanding of how the complete model will react to various changing environs, with other additional caveats, many of which can be found in various studies of the matter." Tristanreid 22:15, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I just removed one of these and then saw the discussion. I agree that the phrase "stylized facts" has a place, but not as used in this article.  For purposes of the discussion of the yield curve, there are certain observations that generally (but not always) hold true, and attempts to explain that observation. --66.28.243.126 (talk) 20:32, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Implicit Future Rates
I deleted the paragraph quoted below because it is inaccurate/oversimplified. I wanted to explain before I got in a fight. You cannot merely assume, as the original author did, that a 5% 1yr rate and a 5.5% 2 year rate implies a 6% end of year 2 rate. It could imply a market assumption that rates will skyrocket at the end of the year (thus a market predicted rate in excess of 5.5%) or it could assume a January first jump to 5.5% and thus a 5.5% market predicted rate. Additionally, the author forgot that long term investments are inherently more risky and thus require a higher risk premium. If the fed GUARANTEED rates would remain 4% for 10 years, you'd still see a curve in the yield curve. --Laxrulz777 21:52, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Yield curves carry an implicit forecast of future short-term interest rates: for example if the annual yield on a 1-year bond is 5%, and on a 2-year bond is 5.5%, then the implicit yield (forward rate) in year 2 is
 * $$\frac{1.055^{2}}{1.05^{1}} - 1 = 6.00\%$$

(Implicit) FORWARD Rates
The above comment is wrong. The deleted section gives the formula for the Forward Rate. The article is incomplete without it. The (implied) Forward Rate is a fixture in fixed income calculations and the formula is based on a no-arbitrage argument.

Forward rates are extracted from the term structure and are implied by the spot rates at any given time. If a 2 year maturity bond is trading at a yield of r2 and a one-year bond trades at a yield of r1 and the investor in the one-year bond wants to reinvest for a second year after the one-year matures, in order to prevent arbitrage, both investments must be equal, and the following formula must hold

 * $$\frac{F}{(1+r_{2})^{2}}=\frac{F}{(1+r_{1})(1+f)}\Leftrightarrow f=\frac{(1+r_{2})^{2}}{(1+r_{1})}-1$$

where F is the Face value of the bond(s) and $$f$$ is the Forward rate. This is exactly the formula that the (too) clever commentator extracted from the article.

The entire article, as well as many other topics in fixed income, suffer from a lack of rigor and mathematical accuracy. This is disappointing, considering the progress made in mathematics on Wikipedia in recent years. There seem to be a number of people contributing who think that finance and financial formulas are a matter of opinion.

While I agree that mathematical finance is not an accuarate picture of the real world, there are standard formulas that belong to the corpus of knowledge and they should be included. Davidrising (talk) 20:13, 30 December 2008 (UTC)

Dr. Gogas's comment on this article
Dr. Gogas has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"Although the article describes in length the evolution of the research on the yield curve up to 2000, it lacks more recent developments. The Nelson-Siegel model and the significance of level, slope and curvature of the yield curve in explaining the data generating process and forecasting future recessions."

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

Dr. Gogas has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:

 * Reference : Gogas, Periklis & Papadimitriou, Theophilos & Matthaiou, Maria- Artemis & Chrysanthidou, Efthymia, 2014. "Yield Curve and Recession Forecasting in a Machine Learning Framework," DUTH Research Papers in Economics 8-2014, Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Economics.

ExpertIdeas (talk) 02:29, 4 September 2015 (UTC)

needs to be entirely rewritten
This article is repetitive, full of unexplained jargon, and doesn't really explain things very well.

 * +1, came to learn about the yield curve as a relatively informed layman and got 0 out of this article. Meerpirat (talk) 12:51, 24 August 2021 (UTC)
 * @User:Meerpirat, I quite agree. The lead is very awkward. The first sentence is a circular statement that just restates the obvious ("The yield curve is a curve..."), and the second sentence contains parentheticals that get in the way of the message: "(2 month, 2 year, 20 year, etc. ...)", "the relation between the (level of the) interest rate (or cost of borrowing)..." Also, the caption to the second graph, "2 to 10 year yield curve", is just plain wrong. That graph is not the yield curve itself; it's the spread between 2 year and 10 year Treasury rates, which is a tool for measuring the slope of the yield curve. I am about to post some changes to rectify these problems. And there's more work to be done. Cordially, BuzzWeiser196 (talk)
 * Edits made to the lead today at 15:11 Eastern time are mine. I forgot to log in when I saved them. BuzzWeiser196 (talk) 19:12, 25 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Two issues: 1) Both "Significance of Slope and Shape" and "Relationship to the Business Cycle" explain reasons for normal and inverted yield curves. No need for repetition. These should be consolidated. 2) "Construction of the full yield curve from market data" says that the LIBOR curve is the most frequently used curve (with no inline citation to a reliable source). But the lead stresses that many investors watch the US Treasury yield curve. This should be reconciled. BuzzWeiser196 (talk) 13:06, 30 August 2021 (UTC)

First Graphic
I'd like to replace the intro graphic with https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yield_curve_20180513.png based on later data and easier to read.

Please also consider using this graphic as well: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_treasury_yields.png

Lee De Cola (talk) 01:56, 14 May 2018 (UTC)

Rewording explanation of inverted curve
The article contains this sentence:

"Occasionally, when lenders are seeking long-term debt contracts more aggressively than short-term debt contracts, the yield curve 'inverts', with interest rates (yields) being lower for the longer periods of repayment so that lenders can attract long-term borrowing."

Interest rates are set by the issuer (i.e., borrower), at the lowest rate judged necessary to attract the desired lending. It's confusing to talk about lenders trying to attract borrowers. I think the relationship is clearer if expressed this way:

"Occasionally, when lenders are seeking long-term debt contracts more aggressively than short-term debt contracts, the yield curve 'inverts', with interest rates (yields) being lower for the longer periods of repayment, because borrowers find it easier to attract long-term lending."

I'm making this change, but I'm far from an expert here, so I'd welcome correction from anyone more knowledgeable. JamesMLane t c 20:13, 25 June 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Yield curve


text:
Lebes

The lebes (Greek 'λέβης', plural lebetes) is a type of ancient Greek cauldron, normally in bronze. It is a deep bowl with a rounded bottom. It was often supported by a sacrificial tripod. In classical times, a foot was attached and it was typically used as a cooking pot.

Tripod lebes
The tripod lebes is characterized by two round vertical handles and by three strut-supported legs. All were separately cast then riveted to the cauldron. Artefactual evidence indicates the tripod lebes was not used as a mixing bowl, even long after it lost its role as a cooking pot.

Lebes gamikos
The lebes gamikos (pl. lebetes gamikoi), or nuptial lebes, appears to have been a part of pre-wedding purification ceremonies, and was often made in pottery. It may have stood by the bride's door and was probably used in ritual sprinkling of the bride with water.

Lebetes gamikoi stood on variously long or short bases and each typically was painted with a scene of a wedding procession. Oftentimes, the wedding depicted was mythic (such as the wedding of Peleus and Thetis) or included mythic elements such as chariots bearing Helen and Menelaos.

Value
Under the barter system that existed in early Iron Age Greece, goods and services were directly exchanged without the use of an exchange medium (money). However, such transactions were aided by conventionally accepted reference values. Certain commodities were often used as reference points for evaluating the relative values of different goods. Cattle was common as such a reference in many early cultures. In Greece during this period, in addition to cattle, bronze and iron items—specifically lebetes—were also common.

Remnants of stone inscriptions preserve numerous examples of fines and compensatory damages denominated in bronze lebetes from ancient Crete, as early as the 7th century BCE. For example, in one instance, a bronze tripod "of [worth] ten lebetes" was recorded as payment for a fine.

In the Iliad, a bronze lebes was valued at one ox. By the Hellenistic period, long after the introduction of coin based money, the lebes survived as a term for a quantity of silver coinage.

title: Lebes


text:
Talk:Guiana Space Centre

rotational velocity
Kourou is located only 500 km north of the equator, at a latitude of 5 degrees. At this latitude, the Earth's rotation gives an additional velocity of almost 500 m/s

Additional 500 m/s as compared to where? Kazakhstan? --Brouhaha 20:43, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I don't think the value for 500m/s is correct, as the rotational speed of the Earth at the equator is quoted in the Earth article as being 465m/s (near the heading "Earth in the Solar System" on the right). Wasn't sure whether to change this or not.

 * Apparently this is 465 m/s compared to launch from a hypothetical non-rotating Earth! Sdsds 19:18, 17 March 2007 (UTC)
 * The value of the rotational velocity given in the article (1.800 km/h) is unsourced. I'm not an expert but I've calculated that the speed at the equator is about 1.674 km/h (465 m/s) and about 1.667 km/h at 5.3°. If I'm not wrong 1.800 km/h is then impossible (the speed at the equator is higher than anywhere else). We should remove this information and look for a source. Anyway, this is an additional velocity compared to the poles (the Earth seems not rotating when you're on the rotation axis). I'm sorry if I'm not very clear but my English is not very clear too . --Xiglofre (talk), 15:41, 30 December 2010 (UTC).

 * I just deleted the incorrect stuff. Back of my envelope calculations made it 1664 km per hour, which allows for the 5.3 degrees latitude, but could still be off by a couple of km. has 460 m/s which 1656 km per hour. -84user (talk) 16:33, 30 December 2010 (UTC) I then inserted eumetsat's figure -84user (talk) 16:39, 30 December 2010 (UTC)

location

 * Note that French Guiana is not in Europe geographically; despite it's owned by a country in Europe (France), geographically, it's in South America. Big  top  23:54, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

 * No kidding...I think most people figured that out. By the way, it's not owned by France, it is France.  Think about Hawaii and Alaska...  --Aquarelle 08:02, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

 * "Kourou is located approximately 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) north of the equator, at a latitude of 360°". Both of these figures are obviously incorrect.194.182.135.254 (talk) 09:41, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Incorrect information was reverted as vandalism 194.182.135.254 (talk) 09:26, 16 September 2019 (UTC)

name of article - French or English
This is an english language page and as such should have the common use english name

 * Agreed - I will move it to "Guiana Space Center". --Zippy 17:27, 17 March 2007 (UTC)

 * That was probably done with too much haste. Did you consider that, in English the name is correctly spelled "Centre"? It is, after all, Europe's spaceport! And too: it's a name, not a phrase. If my name were François, would you insist on calling me Francis? Please change back every premature edit you made, until concensus on this can be reached. Sdsds 18:50, 17 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I've requested that it is moved back - if it had been discussed, it would have not been moved due to the lack of consensus.
 * To reinforce the case to keep it where it was, there are well over twice as many search results for "Centre Spatial Guyanais" as for either "Guiana Space Center" or "Guiana Space Centre":

I think this makes the way forward very clear. -- GW_SimulationsUser Page 22:24, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

 * WP:UE is fairly clear that English names should be used in most circumstances. However, the spelling favoured by the agency itself should be used, which in this instance is Commonwealth English. Searching English-language sites (and excluding Wikipedia) yields 28,400 for "Guiana Space Centre", 24,200 for "Guiana Space Center" and only 12,600 for "Centre Spatial Guyanais", meaning that CSG fails even WP:NC(CN). --Stemonitis 10:37, 10 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Could you please provide links to these results to prove that they are correct. I seriously doubt that the difference of 76,000 or so search results between my checks (above) and your checks can be explained by simply your elimination of Wikipedia articles from your search. -- GW_SimulationsUser Page 18:09, 12 April 2007 (UTC)
 * And in continuation of this, a quick search proves that your results are incorrect. I searched for the French spelling without Wikipedia, and found 80,100 results. -- GW_SimulationsUser Page 18:13, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

 * "Centre Spatial Guyanais" -Wikipedia 928
 * "Guiana Space Center" -Wikipedia 20,400
 * "Guiana Space Centre" -Wikipedia 25,700
 * In each case, click on "Advanced search" to confirm that it is searching only English-language sites. The value for "Centre Spatial Guyanais" does seem to have dropped unexpectedly, but the ratio between the others is about the same, and there is no indication that the title should be changed based on these numbers. Failing to exclude non-English-language sites must be the reason for the disparity between your numbers and mine. It's an easy mistake to make. --Stemonitis 18:25, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 14:27, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Shorter names in Spaceport template

 * Regarding the template Spaceport used on this page, please join the discussion at Template talk:Spaceport.
 * (sdsds - talk) 23:20, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

French space port
The Guiana Space Centre is a EUROPEAN SPACE PORT !!! It is just french Territory!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 187.106.189.166 (talk) 01:51, 27 September 2010 (UTC)

 * The Guiana Space Centre and the French space agency CNES were created in the 1960's by the French government because General De Gaulle wanted to launch France into the Space race, in order to ensure national independence from the Soviet Union and the United Sates. France has accepted to share the Guiana Space Centre with ESA when the European Space Agency was created in 1975.
 * sources: the Guiana Space Centre official website and the European Space Agency official website
 * --mouloud47 (talk) 23:20, 08 June 2011 (UTC)

The ATV hardly gets a mention
This is the primary spaceport for Europe to access the international space station, and it has just one mention of the atv, buried so deep it needs a spell checker to find it. zomg. Penyulap  ☏  00:07, 28 April 2012 (UTC)

English sources for December 1st, 2012 Soyuz lauch
Sorry, I could not find any English language source for the December 1st, 2012 Soyuz launch. Hopefully somebody else will ? Herix (talk) 12:25, 2 December 2012 (UTC)

Section needed on staffing and life at the Space Centre
A section about life at the Space Centre should be added. Afterall it is a bit of an outpost of Europe. How many people work at the Space Centre? Where do they live? Are they "locals" or from Europe proper? How many are French? Are there many that only visit the center when launchers are imminent?

Also how much of an impact does the Centre have upon French Guyana, both culturally and economically? How does the rest of French Guyana get along with the staff of the center? Are they considered interlopers? --Bruce Hall (talk) 11:35, 9 December 2012 (UTC)

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Coordinates
5.239°N, -52.768°W The following coordinate fixes are needed for

—73.104.46.180 (talk) 06:54, 7 January 2019 (UTC)
 * You're correct that the coordinates in the article seemed to point to a location (slightly) outside the boundaries of the facility; but since it appears to cover a rather extensive area, I've chosen coordinates nearer the center of the facility. Thanks for your suggestion. Deor (talk) 16:00, 7 January 2019 (UTC)

Azercosmos
Is this a joke ? Hektor (talk) 21:52, 15 June 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guiana Space Centre


text:
Robert Popper

Robert Darren Popper (born 23 November 1967) is a British comedy producer, writer, actor, and author, best known as co-creator of the mock BBC documentary Look Around You, and creator of Channel 4's sitcom Friday Night Dinner. He also wrote the books The Timewaster Letters, Return of The Timewaster Letters and The Timewaster Diaries under the pseudonym Robin Cooper.

Early life
Popper was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School and is Jewish.

Television and film
Popper began his career in British television working for The Comic Strip under Peter Richardson. He then worked on the Channel 4 show, The Big Breakfast, writing for comedy puppets Zig and Zag. He also made his first appearance as a comedian on The Eleven O'Clock Show as the character Simon Michael Simon. Later, he was employed as a commissioning editor for Entertainment and Comedy at Channel 4.

His commissioning credits include the series Bo' Selecta!, Black Books, Spaced and Bremner, Bird and Fortune. He commissioned three series of the Comedy Lab whilst at the channel. He left the role to work on the first series of Look Around You (2002) with Peter Serafinowicz. Look Around You was a spoof educational science comedy that ran on BBC2. It was written and produced by Popper (who featured onscreen in one episode as "Jack Morgan", also performing the rock song "Little Mouse") and Serafinowicz (who appeared more frequently). The pair wrote and played all the music in the series. Look Around You was nominated for a BAFTA and a British Comedy Award. In 2003, Popper co-wrote the short film Hello Friend with Graham Linehan.

In 2005, Popper returned to the screen with a second series of Look Around You, again co-written by him and Serafinowicz. Made up of six half-hour shows, Look Around You 2 resembled an early-80s Tomorrow's World. Popper appeared in all six episodes as Jack Morgan. Besides Popper and Serafinowicz, the series featured Josie D'Arby and Olivia Colman as presenters. Look Around You 2 won the Rose D'Or TV Award in 2006 for Best Comedy Series. Popper was a programme consultant and co-writer for the TV sketch comedy The Peter Serafinowicz Show (2007), in which he also made several brief on-screen appearances.

Popper was the producer for the third and fourth series of Channel 4's Peep Show.

Both series won the British Comedy Award for Best Comedy, and Popper won a BAFTA for series 4. Popper was the script editor on all three series of The Inbetweeners. He was also the script editor on Graham Linehan's The IT Crowd and the BBC3 comedy Him & Her.

In 2009 Popper and Serafinowicz wrote, produced, and performed in a 30-minute podcast entitled The Other Side. The comedy purported to be a radio show coming from the only radio station ("Radio Spiritworld") to broadcast from the afterlife. Robert and Peter also created the online world religion, "Tarvuism", making a variety of shorts. The pair created a number of web videos on YouTube showcasing their surreal humour, including "Birds of Britain", "Markets of Britain" and "Intermission".

On 28 July 2010, Popper and Serafinowicz added a new narration track to an episode of "Out Of Town" by Jack Hargreaves in order to create the spoof film "Markets of Britain, a short film by Lee Titt"

Popper wrote on the fourteenth series of South Park; he was signed up by creators Matt Stone and Trey Parker following a week-long brainstorming session, and worked on the final four episodes of the first half-season.

Popper created, wrote and produced six series of the Channel 4 sitcom Friday Night Dinner. Series 1 aired from February to April 2011 and won the Rose D'or Award for Best Sitcom. It received two BAFTA nominations and four British Comedy Award nominations.

Popper also co-wrote the first three episodes of Stath Lets Flats with Jamie Demetriou in 2018. He also created and wrote I Hate You for Channel 4, starring Tanya Reynolds and Melissa Saint. It dropped on All 4 in September 2022 and aired on C4 in October 2022.

Popper had a small, uncredited role in Edgar Wright's 2004 film Shaun of the Dead, in which he played a news reporter, and also appeared in Wright's next film, Hot Fuzz (2007), credited as "Not Janine". He reprised his Look Around You character, Jack Morgan, for an appearance in the music video for Frankie & The Heartstrings' 2011 single "Hunger".

Books
Robert Popper wrote the books The Timewaster Letters and Return of the Timewaster Letters under the pseudonym Robin Cooper. The books were a set of madcap letters he wrote to weird associations and hobby groups. The books became bestsellers and have so far sold over 300,000 copies. The third "Robin Cooper" book, The Timewaster Diaries, was published in 2007, was serialised on Radio 4's Book of the Week programme 16–20 July 2007, read by Paul Whitehouse. The Timewaster Letters was released in the US in the summer of 2008 and there are a number of Robin Cooper Timewaster Phone Calls released on the web and Popper's website.

Tangerinegate
Popper was responsible for a minor hoax regarding Gordon Brown in February 2010 known as "Tangerinegate". Popper, who often makes prank phone calls, rang up London radio station LBC claiming he had seen Brown throw a tangerine into a laminating machine during a fit of rage, breaking the machine. This hoax was reported as a true event in The Daily Telegraph as well as being referenced (as 'alleged') on comedy news show The Bubble. The Financial Times (FT) website published a blog post, stating its belief that the story was a hoax. The FT also reported on the emergence of a computer-animated version of the events from Hong Kong. Similar stories regarding Gordon Brown having temper tantrums were widely published in the British media during February 2010, following publicity about Andrew Rawnsley's book The End of the Party.

The Financial Times later issued a follow-up post acknowledging the hoax.

Awards
Friday Night Dinner (Series 1)

Writer/Producer

Winner: Best Sitcom, Rose d'Or Awards 2012

Winner: Best Format, MIPCOM, 2012

Winner: Best Sitcom, Montreux Comedy Festival, 2011

Winner: RTS Craft Award, Best Editing, Sitcom 2011

Nominated: BAFTA, Best Sitcom

Nominated British Comedy Awards, Best Sitcom 2011

Nominated British Comedy Awards, Best New Comedy 2011

Nominated Best Writer, Comedy, RTS Awards 2011

Nominated Best Comedy, Broadcast Awards 2012

Nominated, Best Comedy, Televisual Awards, 2011

Nominated Best New Programme, Broadcast Awards 2012

Praise Tarvu

Short Film co/written/produced with Peter Serafinowicz

Winner: Best Comedy, Campfire Film Festival, Australia, 2009

Peep Show (Series 4)

Producer

Winner: BAFTA, Best Sitcom, 2008

Winner British Comedy Award, Best Comedy Series, 2007

Winner of the Monte Carlo International TV Festival, Best Comedy

Winner, Best Comedy Performance, RTS Awards, 2008

Nominated RTS Awards, Best Sit Com, 2008

Peep Show (Series 3)

Producer

Winner: British Comedy Awards, Best Comedy Series, 2006

Nominated: BAFTA, Situation Comedy 2006

Winner: South Bank Awards for Best Comedy, 2006

Nominated for a Broadcast Award, Best Comedy, 2006

Look Around You (Series 2)

Co-Writer, Co-Star, Co-Producer, Co-Composer (with Peter Serafinowicz)

Winner: Best Comedy, Rose D’Or Awards, 2006

Winner: Arena Magazine Awards for Best Comedy Show 2005

DVD: Nominated for a DVDA award, Best Comedy DVD, 2006

Look Around You (Series 1)

Co-Writer, Co-Star, Co-Producer, Co-Composer (with Peter Serafinowicz)

Nominated: BAFTA, Best Comedy Series, 2003

Nominated: British Comedy Award, Best New Comedy, 2003

Winner: Amazon.co.uk’s UK Comedy DVD of the year, 2003

Look Around You: Calcium

Co-Writer, Co-Producer, Co-Composer with Peter Serafinowicz, 20-minute comedy short film, 2001

Winner: London Portobello Film Festival (Springfest)

Special Mentions: Milan, Leeds, and Bradford Film Festivals

Finalist: London Greenwich Film Festival

title: Robert Popper


text:
Robin Cooper

Robin Cooper may refer to:

 * Robert Popper, writer with the pseudonym Robin Cooper
 * Robin Cooper (politician), Australian politician
 * Robin Cooper (American football), American football coach

title: Robin Cooper


text:
User:Jaguarundi

So. . . here's the boring facts you don't want to know. On the Internets they calls me either "Jaguarundi," "the Jaguarundi," "Jaguarundi2," or "Trahald." I live in Glenn Dale, Maryland. I attend and serve at Grace Baptist Church in Bowie, MD. My high school was Cedar Brook Academy, and my undergraduate and graduate work was at the University of Maryland and now Capital Bible Seminary.

My academic focus has been on the Roman Empire.

I'm a birder, and as of March of 2007, I've seen 311 species of birds.

A "Jaguarundi" is a kind of Neotropical cat that can run really fast and swim. I picked the username way back when I was playing Age of Empires on the Microsoft Internet Gaming Zone, or "the Zone" for short.

My WikiWork
Page Edits: Biological Sciences

 * Carolina Chickadee (an important species of North American bird)

 * Black-capped Chickadee (an important species of North American bird similar to the Carolina Chickadee)

 * Margay (an amazing Neotropical cat that spends its life in the trees)

 * Alex (parrot) (a famous African Gray-headed Parrot)

 * Anne Simon (a virologist at the University of Maryland)

Page Creations: Archaeology

 * Template:Greek Vases (groups a number of important topics in the sub-field of Greek pottery)

 * Salii (a Roman priesthood)

 * Festival of the Salii (a Roman holiday)

 * Epinetron (a shape of Greek pottery: functioned in working with cloth)

 * Krater (a shape of Greek pottery: mostly used for mixing wine and water at Greek symposia)

 * Lebes (a shape of Greek pottery: basically a bowl for cooking and as an athletic prize)

 * Lebes Gamikos (a shape of Greek pottery: a wedding vase for pre-nupital baths)

Page Edits: Archaeology
 * Nero (last Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudians)

 * Great Fire of Rome (the famed fire that Nero was blamed for)

 * Ballista (siege weapon)

 * Greek pottery (a very important sub-field of Classical art history)

Page Edits: Video Games

 * The Legend of Zelda series (one of gaming's most popular franchises)

 * Triforce (important element of the Zelda series)

 * Majora's Mask (the second Zelda game for the Nintendo 64)

 * Races in The Legend of Zelda series (a key part of the Zelda universe)

Page Edits: Superheroes

 * Azula (a villain in Avatar: The Last Airbender)

 * Aang (the main character of Avatar)

 * Sokka (a main character in Avatar)

 * Toph (a main character in Avatar)

 * List of Avatar: The Last Airbender episodes

 * The Serpent's Pass (Book II, Chapter 12 of Avatar)

 * The Crossroads of Destiny (Avatar Book II finale)

 * The X-men Template (the Marvel superhero group)

Page Creations: Christianity

 * Template:Christian Soul Care and Spiritual Direction (a survey of the history and major issues in counseling and discipleship as the church has practiced it over the ages)

Page Edits: Christianity

 * Amillennialism (a theological viewpoint on God's plan for the church age and the end times)

God: What Matters Most in Life
Here are my views on select controversies in the church. I'm not going to edit Wikipedia to reflect these views, but you should know what my views are.

 * Basic beliefs: Rather than go through everything in detail, I'm just going to point out that I agree with this doctrinal statement, and this one, too.
 * Counseling: When it comes to counseling, I'm basically a non-integrationist. The jury's still out, but I'm relatively conservative about sticking to the Bible when it comes to counseling. Christ is sufficient, as Colossians points out well. But that doesn't make me nouthetic by default.
 * Apologetics: In evangelism, I lean towards presuppositionalism over evidentialism. But evidentialism is certainly useful for strengthening the faith of believers.
 * The Emergent Church: I like the emergent movement to an extent, but a lot (most?) emergent books are too syncretistic.
 * The Sovereingty of God vs. the Responsibility of Man: I hold that the balance between the sovereignty of God and the responsibility of man is a tension to be maintained, not a problem to be solved. It is a paradox, much like the Trinity and the reality that Jesus is 100% God and 100% man.

Zoology
My views on important debate-points:

 * Creation and Evolution: I agree with these people.
 * Intelligent Design: Intelligent Design is science, not pseudoscience. And scientists like Michael Behe are NOT using it as a "front" or "cover" for creationism.
 * The Definition of "Species": I don't usually care too terribly much if species are combined and split. But I do wish the Dark-eyed Junco would be split, 'cause I've seen several subspecies, and they looked pretty different. They looked more different than the Empidonax flycatchers do! (Yes, I realize perfectly well that "looking different" is a horrible, horrible criterion for defining a species).

Again, this doesn't mean that I'm going to edit Wikipedia from a Creationist POV, but you should know where I'm coming from anyway.

Art History, Archaeology, and History
Some of my positions on the ancient world:

 * Romanization and Identity: I tend to agree with Greg Woolf's Becoming Roman, even though he's missing something on the relationship between power and the army and becoming Roman. When it comes to the Near East, I think that Bowersock is better than Butcher in terms of articulating the relationship between Greek, Roman, and Semitic culture. Both, however, are invaluable.
 * The Purpose of the Roman military: I mostly agree with Benjamin Isaacs and that school of thought, not Edward Luttwak.
 * The Impulse of Roman Imperialism: I think that the Roman Empire was essentially created out of self-defense (c.f. the Allia complex), although later men like Julius Caesar certainly had other motivations.
 * The ancient Mediterranean economy: I'm a primitivist (NOT the term as described here on Wikipedia). I currently hold to the "parasitic city" view, but more tentatively.
 * The Origins of the Rabbinic Movement: I hold to a sort of "mixture:" I take it that the rabbinic movement was mostly a new invention after the destruction of the Temple in A.D. 70, but that the Pharisees influenced it as well.
 * Rabbinic Authority: Obviously, I don't think rabbinic evidence is much good for the Second Temple Period. It's quite clear that rabbis had little authority in the Mediterranean diaspora. But what's my position on Palestinian rabbis, at least? Well, some evidence (e.g. the Babatha archives) shows that the rabbis didn't have anywhere near as much authority as they pretended to have, while other pieces of evidence (e.g. the floor mosaics in the synagogue at Sepphoris) shows that rabbis could have more authority than some scholars give them credit for.
 * The Monomyth: I strongly disagree with Joseph Campbell, and otherwise psychologizing or evolutionary models of mythology that treat myth as a monolith, even within cultures. In my art historical studies, it became quite clear that a given myth could vary considerably across the artistic and literary evidence, geographically and chronologically.
 * The New Testament: The New Testament is historically accurate, as is the Old Testament.

The Lord of the Rings
My views on a couple controversies in Tolkien's universe:
 * Balrogs: wings vs. no wings: I think Tolkien intended them to be not much taller than a person and to be wingless.
 * Legolas' hair color: Legolas of Mirkwood probably had brown hair, not blonde hair. What a stupid thing to argue about. But the point is, the movies are wrong.

The Legend of Zelda

 * Timeline theory: I hold that any timeline theory is basically a waste of time, since time travel is in the mix, and it's boring to analyze anyway. That said, the basic order most people go for is basically right. I don't think you can know exactly where Link's Awakening goes in the series. Multiple timeline theory is bunk and is little more than an attempt to get around the paradoxes of time travel.
 * Romance: Since there is more than one Link and more than one Zelda, you have to consider each game (or pair of games) individually. In Adventure of Link, Link's romance is with Zelda. The romance is with Marin in Link's Awakening. In Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, it's with Malon. In The Wind Waker, it's with Tetra (aka Zelda). In Twilight Princess, it's much more unclear than any of the previous examples, but the text strongly suggests the possibility of something with Ilia. Midna is a possibility too.

For more Zelda, see also the articles I wrote as "Trahald."

X-Men: Evolution

 * Kitty (Shadowcat) and Kurt (Nightcrawler): They didn't like each other; they were just really good friends.

Avatar: The Last Airbender

 * Zuko at the end of The Crossroads of Destiny: Zuko was definitely not faking it. It's a genuine betrayal. And it was 100% in character, and it was what the season was building up to. Oh, and Mike and Bryan confirmed this.
 * The Avatar State: The final comic of "Escape from the Spirit World" most likely does indicate that Aang will be unable to access the Avatar State from now on.
 * The status of Jet, Aang, and Suki: The show staff confirmed that Jet and Aang died. Aang, of course, was revived by Katara. Suki's status is currently unknown.
 * Katara's feelings: By this point (i.e. the end of Book II), Katara clearly reciprocates Aang's feelings. She explicitly expressed armorous feelings for him, so it's beyond me why Wikipedia edits this out. It's not "shipping," it's called "reading the text for what it is." To quote one Avatar commentator, "This fandom defines 'canon' with the SPECIAL dictionary." Oh, and Mike and Bryan confirmed this.

For more Avatar, see also the articles I wrote as "Jaguarundi."

Other pages of mine

 * My deviantART page I'm slow in uploading my stuff, but . ..

 * Zelda articles I wrote most of these articles as "Trahald."

 * Avatar articles I wrote a few of these articles as "Jaguarundi"

 * My game collection on the NES, N64, GCN, Wii, and PC. This list doesn't include the old green and black games I had for the Apple or the black and white games I had for the Mac . ..

 * My DVD collection and my DVD collection only because they don't list VHS tapes (but all I have in VHS is A Bug's Life and The Lion King and a few nature documentaries, anyway).

 * My Book wishlist to fill out my library even more.

 * My games wishlist for more gaming fun!

 * I ditched my old Livejournal page and have replaced it with this one, focusing largely on reviews and metas of fiction.

 * I'm also on Facebook, Myspace, and Xanga, though I don't really use Xanga anymore.

My Favorites
Favorite Animals
 * Red Foxes
 * Cats, such as Tigers, Jaguars, Leopards, and Margays
 * All animals, really

Favorite fields of Greco-Roman history
 * Greco-Roman religious history
 * Cultural identity in the Roman Empire
 * Genre scenes in Greek vase painting
 * How a given myth functions in society at different times in different places

Favorite Fiction (not necessarily in order)
 * The Hobbit
 * The Lord of the Rings
 * The Chronicles of Narnia
 * The Hardy Boys
 * Sherlock Holmes
 * Rikki-Tikki-Tavi
 * The Amazing Maurice and His Educated Rodents
 * The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy

Favorite Games of All Time
 * Majora's Mask
 * Age of Empires
 * Donkey Kong 64
 * SimAnt
 * Super Mario Bros 3

Favorite Movies of All Time (not necessarily in order)
 * The Passion of the Christ
 * Fellowship of the Ring
 * A Series of Unfortunate Events
 * A Bug's Life

Favorite TV Shows of All Time (not necessarily in order)
 * X-Men: Evolution
 * Avatar: The Last Airbender
 * Nature
 * Kratt's Creatures
 * Bill Nye the Science Guy
 * Even Stevens

Travels
I've been to:

 * Many places in the United States of America: all states except for Alaska and Hawaii. (2 missions trips and multiple vacations and visits to relatives)
 * Many places in Canada: all provinces except for Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. (1 missions trip, multiple vacations, and one visit to a relative)
 * Mexico, especially Cancún, Saltillo, Mexico City, and Teotihuacán (1 vacation and 3 missions trips)
 * Austria, especially Salzburg and Vienna (a visit to a relative)
 * Germany, including Berlin, Frankfurt, and Munich (after visting the relative in Austria)
 * Romania, especially Isai and Suceava (1 missions trip)
 * Ukraine, especially Vinnytsia and Kiev (1 missions trip)
 * France, specifically Paris (toured it on the way home from the missions trip to Ukraine)
 * Brazil, specifically Santarém and the Tapajós in the Amazon (1 missions trip)
 * The Bahamas, especially New Providence (1 vacation)
 * Chile, especially Santiago, Rancagua, and the Chiloé archipelago. (1 missions trip)

Currently Reading/Watching
Currently Reading: textbooks!

Currently Watching: Good shows that I watch: Avatar: The Last Airbender; Heroes. Shows that I watch for the mindless entertainment, though I don't necessarily recommend them: Hannah Montana; Kim Possible; Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide; Drake and Josh; Danny Phantom; Ben 10; Cory in the House; Zoey 101; The Suite Life of Zach and Cody; American Dragon: Jake Long; The Naked Brothers Band

Currently Playing: WarioWare: Smooth Moves; Donkey Kong Country (on the Virtual Console); Wii Sports. Sadly I already beat Twilight Princess 100%. . . now I'm just waiting for Majora's Mask to come out for the VC!

Currently Listening to: a wide variety of music on Real Rhapsody

WikiFriends

 * WhiteDragon
 * Idont Havaname

title: User:Jaguarundi


text:
Earl Nugent

Earl Nugent was a title the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 21 July 1776 for Robert Craggs-Nugent, 1st Viscount Clare, with remainder, failing heirs male of his body, to his son-in-law The 3rd Earl Temple and the heirs male of his body. Craggs-Nugent had already been made Baron Nugent, of Carlanstown in the County of Westmeath, and Viscount Clare, in the Peerage of Ireland on 19 January 1767. He died 13 October 1788, when the barony and viscountcy became extinct, and the earldom, under the terms of the special remainder, passed to his son-in-law, formerly known as Lord Temple, now The 1st Marquess of Buckingham. The earldom remained in his family until the death of The 5th Earl Nugent, also The 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, on 26 March 1889. See Viscount Cobham for further history of the title. The barony of Nugent was revived in 1800 in favour of his daughter, Mary, Marchioness of Buckingham. See Baron Nugent.

Earl Nugent (1776)

 * Robert Craggs-Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent (1702–1788)
 * George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham, 2nd Earl Nugent (1753–1813)
 * Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, 3rd Earl Nugent (1776–1839 (created Duke of Buckingham and Chandos in 1822)
 * Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, 4th Earl Nugent (1797–1861)
 * Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, 5th Earl Nugent (1823–1889)

title: Earl Nugent


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Yield curve

Yield curve
Second try for this nomination. I believe all the concerns that were expressed the last time around have been fairly addressed. Its a central concept in finance, clearly expounded, with valuable references for those who would like to study the matter further. I've contributed to it some (although the bulk of the credit goes to others) so I guess I should call this a self nomination. --Christofurio 17:02, Mar 31, 2005 (UTC)

 * Object. The article is very confusing and flows poorly. Some initial suggestions:
 * 1) Use the normal yield curve as the top picture, and show the inverted one later (you wouldn't show a picture of a three legged dog in dog in the top section and then caption it "most dogs have four legs").
 * 2) Work in technical jargon slowly, and define, define, define. Why is it called a yield curve?  What is yield?  How is that relevant to the cost of money?
 * 3) The article needs to be reorganized -- maybe laid out to first establish a basic understanding of existing theory, then an example, then history. It's very confusing to introduce examples or history of development before the reader is made to understand the basic concepts.
 * 4) Consistency -- for example, on the table showing construction of the yield curve, it switches from % rate to (1 - % rate).
 * It's market convention to quote futures prices as 100-100*rate, so the article is correct in this respect. Pcb21| Pete 23:32, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) Could use a thorough copy edit for spelling, grammar, and sentence structure too.
 * That should be enough to work on for now. - Bantman 19:08, Mar 31, 2005 (UTC)

 * object although there are some references, it's not clear which reference to use to check which material and there could be more. You could, for example, use a footnoting system such as Footnote3 or one of the other ones to make this clear.   Mozzerati 09:41, 2005 Apr 2 (UTC)
 * The article is appropriately referenced - it is a synthesis of material in those five books. You use footnotes to provide a cite for specific facts that otherwise the reader may not have confidence in. Which facts fall into this category? P.s. is five books really too few for an FA these days? Pcb21| Pete 09:49, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * five books is approximately a basic minimum (though it's impossible to be absolute; sometimes there just aren't that many sources). There are many many facts which I have no reason to be sure about in the article.  The nomenclature "curve" is used rather than "yield function" because when plotted on a graph, the function is a curve. - maybe this is true; maybe it isn't.  A good reference telling me which of those five books to look at and preferably which page to look on would really make it much more practical to check.  This theory perfectly explains perfectly?  Really?  Please at least give a reference for that.  ''"Liquidity preference theory...is also the most accepted theory of the three" seems total common sense, but again, what are the proportions of people accepting them? or do you mean economists?  etc.  I don't want to pick too many nits, since I don't think the "perfect" article is what we are asking for.  Just a level which stands out above other normal articles.  10 most interesting/important/surprising points would be great.
 * Excuse me, but these do seem to be rather small nits you're hunting. The explanation of the term "curve" will seem quite familiar to anyone with any background in economics, not to say finance -- even a single undergraduate course using Samuelson's textbook will render this familiar. I don't believe specific references of the sort you seem to want are necessary or appropriate where a point is notorious within the pertinent field, available virtually anywhere. --Christofurio 00:38, Apr 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * From a mathematical perspective, a curve is the result of plotting the graph of a function. I don't see the need for any more explanation of why the "yield curve" is called a curve. --Carnildo 21:15, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but it's exactly this kind of misunderstanding which needs to be cleared up. A curve is not just any function, it must be a continuous function.  There is no obvious (to me) reason why the yield curve cannot be discontinous.  For example, maybe there is a known night in the future when it is advantagous to have cash.  Yields just before that day may be higher and those just after may be lower.  Another point: Samuelson isn't in the reference list.  Finally, if this really needs an undergraduate course to understand then it qualifies as too technical.  As I mentioned, these are specific minor symptoms of the difficulty of following the references.  If you rested more on your sources then less would have to be done in the article.. Mozzerati 19:45, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)

 * "no obvious (to me) reason"... I'll lend you $1m for 1+delta years at 6% and you lend me $1m for (1-delta) years at 5%, for any delta of your choosing less than 1 second. You'll learn pretty quick :) Pcb21| Pete 10:25, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

The so-called yield "curve" is not a well-defined function, let alone a continuous one. To be a function f(t) it would have to take one value (no more, no less) for every possible real value of t. What are the possible values of t? Is there a yield defined for every possible maturity? I doubt that.

Who cares? It is called a yield "curve" simply because market practitioners, who are not all mathematicians, will very often join the dots. This is a triviality.--Jonathan G. G. Lewis 20:10, 6 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Comment - the terms USD and GBP are used in the figures without definition. While I assume that they are US dollar and GB pound, this isn't immediately apparent to the reader.  Assuming that they are, could you are least link your captions to the appropriate articles?  Guettarda 14:48, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I changed the terms to US dollar and British pound in the image captions. - Marcika 22:58, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)


text:
Destructive distillation

Destructive distillation is a chemical process in which decomposition of unprocessed material is achieved by heating it to a high temperature; the term generally applies to processing of organic material in the absence of air or in the presence of limited amounts of oxygen or other reagents, catalysts, or solvents, such as steam or phenols. It is an application of pyrolysis. The process breaks up or 'cracks' large molecules. Coke, coal gas, gaseous carbon, coal tar, ammonia liquor, and coal oil are examples of commercial products historically produced by the destructive distillation of coal.

Destructive distillation of any particular inorganic feedstock produces only a small range of products as a rule, but destructive distillation of many organic materials commonly produces very many compounds, often hundreds, although not all products of any particular process are of commercial importance. The distillate are generally lower molecular weight. Some fractions however polymerise or condense small molecules into larger molecules, including heat-stable tarry substances and chars. Cracking feedstocks into liquid and volatile compounds, and polymerising, or the forming of chars and solids, may both occur in the same process, and any class of the products might be of commercial interest.

Currently the major industrial application of destructive distillation is to coal.

Historically the process of destructive distillation and other forms of pyrolysis led to the discovery of many chemical compounds or elucidation of their structures before contemporary organic chemists had developed the processes to synthesise or specifically investigate the parent molecules. It was especially in the early days that investigation of the products of destructive distillation, like those of other destructive processes, played parts in enabling chemists to deduce the chemical nature of many natural materials. Well known examples include the deduction of the structures of pyranoses and furanoses.

Process
The process of pyrolysis can be conducted in a distillation apparatus (retort) to form the volatile products for collection. The mass of the product will represent only a part of the mass of the feedstock, because much of the material remains as char, ash, and non-volatile tars. In contrast, combustion consumes most of the organic matter, and the net weight of the products amount to roughly the same mass as the fuel and oxidant consumed.

Destructive distillation and related processes are in effect the modern industrial descendants of traditional charcoal burning crafts. As such they are of industrial significance in many regions, such as Scandinavia. The modern processes are sophisticated and require careful engineering to produce the most valuable possible products from the available feedstocks.

Applications

 * Destructive distillation of wood produces hundreds of compounds including tar, terpenes, turpentine and methanol together with a solid residue of charcoal.
 * Destructive distillation of a tonne of coal can produce 700 kg of coke, 100 liters of liquor ammonia, 50 liters of coal tar and 400 m3 of coal gas.
 * Destructive distillation is an increasingly promising method for recycling monomers derived from waste polymers.
 * Destructive distillation of natural rubber resulted in the discovery of isoprene which led to the creation of synthetic rubbers such as neoprene.

title: Destructive distillation


text:
Baron Nugent

Baron Nugent is a title that has been created three times, twice in the Peerage of Ireland and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. All three creations are extinct. The first creation came in the Peerage of Ireland in 1767 in favour of Robert Craggs-Nugent, who was made Viscount Clare at the same time. In 1776 he was further honoured when he was made Earl Nugent. For further history of this creation, see Earl Nugent and Viscount Cobham. The second creation came in the Peerage of Ireland in 1800 when Mary, Marchioness of Buckingham, was made Baroness Nugent, of Carlanstown in the county of Westmeath, with remainder to her second son Lord George Nugent-Grenville. She was the daughter of the first Earl Nugent and the wife of George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham. She was succeeded according to the special remainder by her younger son, Lord George, the second Baron. The title became extinct on his death in 1850. The third creation came in the Peerage of the United Kingdom on 22 August 1960 when Terence Nugent was made Baron Nugent, of West Harling in the county of Norfolk. This creation became extinct on his death in 1973.

Baron Nugent; First creation (1767)

 * see Earl Nugent and Viscount Cobham

Baron Nugent; Second creation (1800)

 * Mary Elizabeth Nugent, Marchioness of Buckingham and 1st Baroness Nugent (died 1812)
 * George Nugent-Grenville, 2nd Baron Nugent (1789–1850)

Baron Nugent; Third creation (1960)

 * Terence Edmund Gascoigne Nugent, 1st Baron Nugent (1895–1973)

title: Baron Nugent


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Will geary

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 18:57, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Will geary
Well, what can I say? He is the man. JoaoRicardo 20:47, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. non-notable. Possible vanity. RJFJR 21:20, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, possible vanity. Megan1967 00:13, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete #2, user test. Oh. Wait... could there be an encyclopedia article here somewhere? I mean... (tremble)... he is the man. zzz Wyss 00:59, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm going to "stick it to the man" with a delete vote Goplat 02:48, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Grendelshmoo

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Infrogmation 20:48, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Grendelshmoo