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Talk:Wikimedia Commons

Help
The article says (with sources) that «The site has been criticized for hosting large amounts of amateur pornography, often uploaded by exhibitionists who exploit the site for personal gratification, and who are enabled by sympathetic administrators. In 2012, BuzzFeed described Wikimedia Commons as "littered with dicks".» We know this is plainly false (we have more photos of trams, locator maps, and shoelace tiying diagrams than any kind of porn, even when you include the raphaëlites in it) — could this fact be independently sourced? Tuvalkin (talk) 16:54, 1 March 2016 (UTC)

 * @Tuvalkin as long as no reliable sources that can refute the BuzzFeed article on Commons, the passage is here to stay. It is not the job of Wikipedia to "whitewash" what reliable sources state about Commons, per WP:NEUTRAL. JWilz12345 (Talk|Contrib's.) 06:20, 18 May 2024 (UTC)
 * Even when it’s patently false. Okay, understood. Waiting over here for the moment when WP:NEUTRAL starts accepting flat-earthers and anti-vaxxers as «reliable sources». Because we don’t do “whitewashing”, no sir-ee! Tuvalkin (talk) 17:59, 18 May 2024 (UTC)

Question
Hi everyone! I am in a course about Wikipedia and for our final project, we were challenged to address a problem in Wikipedia, conduct research on it and then report our findings with a suggestion for improvement. For the project, my partner and I decided to address the issue of Wikimedia Commons and how the discoverability and searchability need to improve. I am not sure if this is the best place to ask this question, so if you have a better place, please let me know!! Please go to my talk page if you would be willing to chat with me about your problems with Wikimedia Commons and how we can address those. Thanks in advance! (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 16:38, 2 May 2017 (UTC)

Number of geolocated images in Wikimedia Commons outdated since=2021-01-26
Mateus2019 (talk) 13:03, 26 January 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wikimedia Commons


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Juanita Moore

Juanita Moore (October 19, 1914 – January 1, 2014) was an American film, television, and stage actress.

She was the fifth black actor to be nominated for an Academy Award in any category, and the third in the Supporting Actress category at a time when only one black actor, Hattie McDaniel in Gone with the Wind (1939), had won an Oscar.

Her most famous role was as Annie Johnson in the film Imitation of Life (1959).

Early life and career
Juanita Moore was born in Greenwood, Mississippi, the daughter of Ella (née Dunn) and Harrison Moore. She had seven siblings (six sisters and one brother). Her family moved in the Great Migration to Los Angeles, where she was raised. Moore first performed as a dancer, part of a chorus line at the Cotton Club before becoming a film extra while working in theater.

Moore was the vice president of the Original Cambridge Players, who took a Los Angeles production of The Amen Corner to Broadway at the Ethel Barrymore Theater in April 1965. She was friends with Marlon Brando and James Baldwin. It was Moore who asked Brando to lend the funds ($75) to Baldwin to write the play.

After making her film debut in Double Deal (1939), Moore had a number of bit parts and supporting roles in motion pictures through the late 1930s and 1950s.

Moore's performance in the remake of Imitation of Life (1959) as black housekeeper Annie Johnson, whose daughter Sarah Jane (Susan Kohner) passes for white, won her a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture for the role. When the two versions of Imitation of Life were released together on DVD (the earlier film was released in 1934), one of the bonus features was a new interview with Moore.

Moore continued to act for film and TV, with a role in Disney's The Kid (2000), and guest-starring roles on Dragnet, Adam-12, Marcus Welby, M.D., ER and Judging Amy.

On April 23, 2010, a new print of Imitation of Life (1959) was screened at the Turner Classic Movies Film Festival in Los Angeles. Both Moore and co-star Kohner attended. After the screening, the two women appeared on stage for a question-and-answer session hosted by TCM's Robert Osborne. Moore and Kohner received standing ovations.

Personal life
Moore was married for 50 years to Charles Burris, who died in 2001. He was a Los Angeles bus driver and they met when she stepped out in front of his approaching bus. She and Burris married a few weeks later.

Her godson is actor/producer Kirk E. Kelleykahn, who is CEO/President of "Cambridge Players – Next Generation", a theatre troupe whose founding members included Moore.

Death
Moore died at her home in Los Angeles on January 1, 2014, at age 99 of natural causes. She is buried at Inglewood Park Cemetery.

Partial filmography

 * Double Deal (1939) as Nightclub Patron (uncredited)
 * Belle Starr (1941) as Dressed Up Freed Slave (uncredited)
 * Broken Strings (1942) as Nightclub Patron (uncredited)
 * Star Spangled Rhythm (1942) as Dancer (uncredited)
 * Cabin in the Sky (1943) as Nightclub Patron / Churchgoer (uncredited)
 * Pinky (1949) as Nurse (uncredited)
 * Tarzan's Peril (1951) as Native Woman (uncredited)
 * No Questions Asked (1951) as Maid in Lounge (uncredited)
 * Skirts Ahoy! (1952) as Black Drill Team Member (uncredited)
 * Lydia Bailey (1952) as Marie (uncredited)
 * Affair in Trinidad (1952) as Dominique
 * The Iron Mistress (1952) as Juanita, Judalon's Maid (uncredited)
 * The Royal African Rifles (1953) as Elderly Woman
 * Witness to Murder (1954) as Mental Patient
 * The Gambler from Natchez (1954) as Yvette's Maid (uncredited)
 * Women's Prison (1955) as Polyclinic 'Polly' Jones
 * Lord of the Jungle (1955) as Molu's Wife (uncredited)
 * Not as a Stranger (1955) as Mrs. Clara Bassett (uncredited)
 * Ransom! (1956) as Shirley Lorraine
 * The Opposite Sex (1956) as Powder Room Attendant (uncredited)
 * The Girl Can't Help It (1956) as Hilda
 * Something of Value (1957) as Tribal Woman (uncredited)
 * Band of Angels (1957) as Budge (uncredited)
 * The Helen Morgan Story (1957) as Lucey, Backstage Maid (uncredited)
 * Bombers B-52 (1957) as Clarissa (uncredited)
 * The Green-Eyed Blonde (1957) as Miss Randall (uncredited)
 * Imitation of Life (1959) as Annie Johnson
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1961) (Season 7 Episode 2: "Bang! You're Dead") as Cleo
 * Tammy Tell Me True (1961) as Della
 * Walk on the Wild Side (1962) as Mama
 * A Child Is Waiting (1963) as Julius' Mother (uncredited)
 * Papa's Delicate Condition (1963) as Ellie
 * The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (1963) (Season 1 Episode 23: "The Lonely Hours") as Mrs. MacFarland
 * The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (1964) (Season 2 Episode 24: "The Gentleman Caller") as Mrs. Jones
 * The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (1965) (Season 3 Episode 13: "Where the Woodbine Twineth") as Suse
 * The Singing Nun (1966) as Sister Mary
 * Rosie! (1967) as Nurse
 * Gentle Ben (1967) as Mama Jolie
 * Dragnet (1967) "The Missing Realtor" as Mrs. Edna Jenkins
 * Uptight (1968) as Mama Wells
 * Angelitos negros (1970) as Nana Mercé
 * Skin Game (1971) as Viney (Calloway slave)
 * The Mack (1973) as Mrs. Mickens, Mother
 * Adam-12 (1973) (Season 5, Episodes 14 and 15: “Clear with a Civilian” Parts I and II) as Edna Dickson
 * Fox Style (1973) as Hattie Fox
 * Thomasine & Bushrod (1974) as Pecolia
 * The Get-Man (1974)
 * Abby (1974) as Miranda 'Momma' Potter
 * Joey (1975)
 * Fugitive Lovers (1975) as Assemblywoman Griffith
 * Everybody Rides the Carousel (1975) as Stage 8 (voice)
 * Paternity (1981) as Celia
 * O'Hara's Wife (1982) as Ethel
 * And They're Off (1982) as Sadie Johnson
 * Two Moon Junction (1988) as Delilah
 * The Sterling Chase (1999) as Grandma Jones (voice)
 * Disney's The Kid (2000) as Kenny's Grandmother (voice)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Juanita Moore


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/K&H

K&H
Is "crap" an official Wikipedia term? :-) Let's see. Non-notable and heavy vanity. --Woohookitty 19:44, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/K&H


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Mark Mulcahy

Mark Mulcahy is an American musician. He was the front-man for the New Haven, Connecticut-based band Miracle Legion. The band earned modest renown, especially in their native New England region. Mulcahy soon formed Polaris, a house band for the mid-1990s alternative television series The Adventures of Pete & Pete (1993–1996). They are best remembered for the song "Hey Sandy" featured in the opening credits of each show, and for nostalgic tunes such as "Waiting for October" and "Saturnine". Following the cancellation of Pete & Pete, Mulcahy began playing his own shows in New York City and rebuilding his career. Mulcahy has opened for notable artists, including Oasis and Jeff Buckley and received homage from Radiohead frontman Thom Yorke, who dedicated a song to Mulcahy at a Boston show.

An essay on Mulcahy's song "Hey Self-Defeater" (from the album Fathering) was featured in Nick Hornby's book Songbook.

In 2003, Mulcahy was invited to sing a Haiku poem, "Haiku Three In The Museum Garden", by Nobel laureate George Seferis, on the international release of electronica band Sigmatropic Sixteen Haiku & Other Stories. A subsequent limited edition 12-inch by Sigmatropic the following year, Could That Be The Voice? (Tongue Master Records), featured Mulcahy on two featured alternate remixes, "Haiku One" and "Haiku Four", as well as contributions by Edith Frost & Carla Torgerson (The Walkabouts).

Mulcahy composed the music for and performed in Ben Katchor's 2004 musical, The Slug Bearers of Kayrol Island, or, The Friends of Dr. Rushower. Mulcahy also co-wrote the musical The Rosenbach Company with Katchor.

Mulcahy recorded a cover version of Shania Twain's "From This Moment On" for Engine Room Recordings' compilation album Guilt by Association, which was released in September 2007.

His song "Cookie Jar" was used in the 2008 movie Management over the closing credits.

A tribute album titled Ciao My Shining Star: The Songs of Mark Mulcahy was released on September 15, 2009, featuring contributions from Thom Yorke, Frank Black, The National, Dinosaur Jr., Michael Stipe, Juliana Hatfield, Mercury Rev, David Berkeley, Frank Turner. The album also serves as a benefit for Mulcahy, whose wife Melissa died in 2008.

Mulcahy re-emerged in 2012 with a reunion show with Polaris at Cinefamily's Everything is Festival III on August 28. Following the performance, a Twitter and Facebook page for Polaris appeared. Mulcahy played a four-date tour in England in early December, including a performance at the All Tomorrow's Parties festival. In addition, Mulcahy's single "Low Birthweight Child/The Cottage That We Rented Had a Name" was released on December 10 by the UK-based Tongue Master Records. In 2013, he released his first full-length album in eight years, Dear Mark J. Mulcahy, I Love You, and undertook a minor tour in the U.S. Mulcahy appeared on J Mascis', Tied to a Star (2014), singing on two tracks.

Miracle Legion reformed in 2016–2017.

Partial discography

 * Fathering (1997) CD on the Mezzotint Label/Loose Music
 * C.O.D. (1999) 7-inch vinyl on Lissy Records
 * I Just Shot Myself in the Foot Again (2000) EP on Mezzotint
 * Smilesunset (2001) CD/LP on Mezzotint/Loose Music
 * In Pursuit of Your Happiness (2005) CD on Mezzotint/Loose Music
 * Love's the Only Thing That Shuts Me Up (2005) EP on Mezzotint
 * Low Birthweight Child ‘ | ‘The Cottage That We Rented Had a Name (2012) - 7-inch vinyl on Tongue Master Records
 * Dear Mark J Mulcahy, I Love You (2013) on Fire Records/Mezzotint
 * The Possum in the Driveway (2017) on Mezzotint
 * The Gus (2019) on Mezzotint
 * Franks And A Flag (2020) on Mezzotint

title: Mark Mulcahy


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List of newspapers in Taiwan

This is a list of newspapers published in Taiwan.

After Apple Daily (蘋果日報) ceased print publication in 2021, there are currently three major daily newspapers: the Liberty Times (自由時報), United Daily News (聯合報), and China Times (中國時報). In addition, there are two major business-focused, financial newspapers: the Commercial Times (工商時報) and Economic Daily News (經濟日報).

After competitors Taiwan News ceased print publication in 2010 and The China Post in 2015, Taipei Times (英文台北時報) remains the only major English-language newspaper in Taiwan.

Major Chinese-language newspapers

 * {| class="sortable wikitable"

! Name ! Chinese Names ! Owner ! Established ! Circulation ! Editorial stance ! Party support in 2020 presidential election

 * Liberty Times||自由時報
 * Liberty Times Group || 1980 || 529,178 || Liberal, pro-DPP, supports Taiwan independence, anti-China, friendly to Japan|| Democratic Progressive Party
 * United Daily News||聯合報
 * United Daily News Group ||1951 ||210,000 ||Conservative, pro-KMT, supports friendly cross-strait relations|| Kuomintang
 * China Times||中國時報
 * Want Want China Times Group || 1950||135,000 || Conservative, pro-KMT, pro-China, supports friendly cross-strait relations ||Kuomintang
 * }
 * China Times||中國時報
 * Want Want China Times Group || 1950||135,000 || Conservative, pro-KMT, pro-China, supports friendly cross-strait relations ||Kuomintang
 * }

 * Commercial Times (工商時報): established in 1978, part of Want Want China Times media group
 * Economic Daily News (經濟日報): established in 1967, part of United Daily News group

English-language newspaper

 * Taipei Times (英文台北時報): established in 1999, part of Liberty Times Group

Competitors Taiwan News ceased print publication in 2010 and The China Post in 2015.

Chinese news media

 * Central News Agency (中央通訊社) – National news agency of Taiwan (Republic of China)
 * Kinmen Daily News (金門日報) – in Kinmen, operated by Kinmen County Government.
 * Matsu Daily (馬祖日報) – in Matsu Islands, operated by Lienchiang County Government.
 * Youth Daily News (青年日報) – operated by the Ministry of National Defense

English news media

 * Focus Taiwan – operated by the Central News Agency (Taiwan)

Other newspapers

 * China Daily News (中華日報) – in Tainan (Southern Taiwan)
 * Mandarin Daily News (國語日報) – a children-facing news paper, all Traditional Chinese characters are annotated with Mandarin Phonetic Symbols.
 * The Epoch Times (大紀元時報)
 * Taiwan Times (臺灣時報) – in Kaohsiung (Southern Taiwan)
 * The Epoch Times – New York City

Online newspapers

 * Apple Daily (蘋果日報) – Major daily newspaper which ended print publication in 2021 and switched to all-digital format
 * Central Daily News (中央日報) – operated by Kuomintang, a political party, began operations from 1945 in Taiwan, ceased print publication in 2006
 * Independence Evening Post (自立晚報) – printed newspaper until 2001
 * The China Post (英文中國郵報) – former English-language newspaper, ended its print publication in 2017 and switched to all-digital format
 * Taiwan Daily (台灣日報) – print publication ended in June 2006
 * Taiwan News (台灣英文新聞) – former English-language newspaper, ended print publication in 2015 and switched to all-digital format
 * The News Lens

Defunct newspapers

 * China Times Express (中時晚報) – in the same group as China Times, published between 1988 and 2005
 * Min Sheng Bao (民生報)
 * United Evening News (聯合晚報) – in the same group as United Daily News, ceased publication in 2020

title: List of newspapers in Taiwan


text:
Érimón

Érimón (Modern Éireamhón), commonly Anglicised as Heremon, son of Míl Espáine (and great-grandson of Breoghan, king of Celtic Galicia), according to medieval Irish legends and historical traditions, was one of the chieftains who took part in the Milesian invasion of Ireland, which conquered the island from the Tuatha Dé Danann, and one of the first Milesian High Kings.

Background
Before coming to Ireland, he and his older brother Éber Donn were joint rulers of Spain. His great-uncle Íth made a peaceful expedition to Ireland, which he had seen from the top of a tower built by his father Breogan, but was killed by the three kings of the Tuatha Dé Danann, Mac Cuill, Mac Cecht and Mac Gréine, and in revenge the Milesians invaded in force, with Érimón and Éber Donn in command. They defeated the Tuatha Dé Danann in the Battle of Tailtiu. Éber Donn had been killed, and the High Kingship was divided between Érimón in the north and his younger brother Éber Finn in the south.

High Kingship of Ireland
A year after the Battle of Tailtiu, Éber Finn became unhappy with his half, fought a battle with his brother at Airgetros, lost and was killed. Érimón became sole ruler of Ireland and built his capital at Ráth Oinn (later site of Rathdown Castle, on the east coast near modern Greystones). He appointed kings of the four provinces. He gave Leinster to Crimthann Sciathbél of the Fir Domnann; Munster to the four sons of Eber Finn, Ér, Orba, Ferón and Fergna; Connacht to Ún and Étan, sons of Uicce; and Ulster to Eber mac Ír. During this time the Cruithne settled in Ireland. He ruled for fourteen, fifteen or seventeen further years, after which he died at Airgetros, and was succeeded by his sons Muimne, Luigne and Laigne, ruling jointly.

Geoffrey Keating dates his reign from 1287 to 1272 BC, the Annals of the Four Masters from 1700 to 1684 BC.

Some philologists believe Érimón and Zarathustra’s mythological Aryaman character who gives their name to Iran are cognates. Georges Dumèzil retracted his initial view on this matter. However, the idea remains seductive to some commentators, on the basis of the coincidence of the similar sound between the two names, that they both are mythological founders of two separate great Indo-European cultures, the inclusion of the M-N- sound in their respective names, and the fact that many of the great Indo-European cultural traditions’ founders share the same M-N- laden moniker.

Personal life
Érimón had two wives, Odba, mother of Muimne, Luigne and Laigne, whom he left behind in Spain, and Tea, mother of Íriel Fáid, who accompanied him to Ireland, and died there. Tea was a daughter of Lugaid and gave her name to Tara, where she was buried – the Lebor Gabála Érenn explains its Old Irish name Temair as "Tea mur", "Tea's Wall". Through his son, Íriel Fáid, Érimón was the progenitor of the Heremonians and provided many High Kings of Ireland. Kinship groups of Irish Gaels which are classified as Heremonians were most powerful in Connacht, Leinster and parts of Ulster and include the Connachta, Uí Néill, Clan Colla, Uí Maine, Laighin, Dalcassians and the Érainn.

The Red Lion of Heremon features in Irish heraldry and Scottish heraldry as a device in the coat of arms of many of Heremon's claimed descendants, including:

title: Érimón


text:
Natasha Demkina

Natalya "Natasha" Nikolayevna Demkina (Ната́лья Никола́евна Де́мкина; born 1987) is a Russian woman who claims to possess a special vision that allows her to look inside human bodies and see organs and tissues, and thereby make medical diagnoses. Since the age of ten, she has performed readings in Russia. She is widely known by the childhood variant of her given name, Natasha. In 2004 she appeared on television shows in the United Kingdom, on the Discovery Channel and in Japan. Since 2004 Demkina has been a full-time student of the Semashko State Stomatological University, Moscow. Since January 2006, Demkina has worked for the Center of Special Diagnostics of the Natalya Demkina (TSSD), whose stated purpose is to diagnose and treat illness in cooperation with "experts possessing unusual abilities, folk healers and professionals of traditional medicine". Many experts are skeptical of her claims.

History
According to her mother, Tatyana Vladimovna, Demkina was a fast learner, but was otherwise a normal child until she was ten years old, at which time her ability began to manifest itself.

 * "I was at home with my mother and suddenly I had a vision. I could see inside my mother's body and I started telling her about the organs I could see. Now, I have to switch from my regular vision to what I call medical vision. For a fraction of a second, I see a colorful picture inside the person and then I start to analyze it." says Demkina

After describing her mother's internal organs to her, Demkina's story began to spread by word of mouth among the local population and people began gathering outside her door seeking medical consultations. Her story was picked up by a local newspaper in spring 2003 and a local television station followed suit in November that year. This led to interest from a British tabloid newspaper which invited her to give demonstrations in London, as well as further invitations from groups in New York and Tokyo.

Russia
After stories about Demkina had begun to spread, doctors at a children's hospital in her home town asked her to perform a number of tasks to see if her abilities were genuine. Demkina is reported to have drawn a picture of what she saw inside a doctor's stomach, marking where he had an ulcer. She also disagreed with the diagnosis of a cancer patient, saying all she could see was a small cyst.

United Kingdom
In January 2004, British tabloid newspaper The Sun brought Demkina to England. She gave a number of demonstrations and her diagnoses were then compared to professional medical diagnosis. A Discovery Channel documentary on Demkina mentions reports of Demkina having successfully identified all the fractures and metal pins in a woman who had recently been a victim in a car crash. The Guardian reported that she impressed the host of daytime television program This Morning by spotting that she had a sore ankle during an interview.

Initially, Demkina's demonstrations were well received. However, after she had left the United Kingdom, it emerged that she had made errors among her diagnoses. In one incident she told television-physician Chris Steele that he was suffering from a number of medical conditions, including kidney stones, an ailment of the gall bladder, and an enlarged liver and pancreas. Later medical evaluation determined that he was in good health and was not suffering from any of the ailments she had identified.

New York City
In May 2004 she was brought to New York City by the Discovery Channel to appear on a documentary titled The Girl with X-Ray Eyes, and to be tested by skeptical researchers from the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) under partially controlled conditions.

As a demonstration for the documentary, Demkina was shown wearing her vision-hat and giving diagnoses to people who had previously given descriptions of their specific medical conditions. Most of the people given these readings felt that Demkina had accurately identified their conditions. The researchers, however, were not similarly impressed. CSI researcher Richard Wiseman said, "When I saw her do her usual readings, I couldn't believe the discrepancy between what I was hearing and how impressed the individuals were... I thought they were going to walk away saying it was embarrassing, but time and again, they said it was amazing. Before each reading, I asked the people what was the main medical problem and Natasha never got one of those right." Wiseman compared the belief of people in Demkina's diagnoses to the belief of people in fortune tellers, and said that people focus only on those portions of Demkina's comments that they believe.

Then CSI researchers Ray Hyman, Richard Wiseman, and Andrew Skolnick conducted their test of Demkina. In the test, Demkina was asked to correctly match six specified anatomical anomalies to seven volunteer subjects. The cases in question included six specified anatomical anomalies resulting from surgery and one "normal" control subject. The researchers said that, because of limitation in time and resources, the preliminary test was designed to look only for a strongly demonstrated ability. The researchers explained that while evidence of a weak or erratic ability may be of theoretical interest, it would be useless for providing medical diagnoses. In addition, the researchers said that the influence of non-paranormal observations could not be ruled out under the lax conditions of the test. Demkina and the investigators had agreed that in order to warrant further testing, she needed to correctly match at least five of the seven conditions. In the 4-hour-long test, Demkina correctly matched conditions to four volunteers, including the control subject. The researchers concluded that she had not demonstrated evidence of an ability that would warrant their further study.

Subsequently, the design and conclusions of this experiment were subjects of considerable dispute between Demkina's supporters and those of the investigators.

Demkina's criticism
After completing experiments in New York, Demkina made several complaints in regard to the conditions under which they were conducted, and about the way in which she and her diagnoses were treated. She argued that she had required more time to see a metal plate in one subject's skull, that surgical scars interfered with her ability to see the resected esophagus in another, and that she had been presented with two study subjects who had undergone abdominal procedure, but that she had only one abdominal condition on her list of potential diagnoses, leaving her confused as to which one matched the listed condition.

Later, she also complained that she could not see that one volunteer had had their appendix removed because she said appendixes sometimes grow back. She said she was not able to compare her own diagnosis to an independent medical diagnosis after key experiments had been conducted, preventing her from being able to see if she was diagnosing genuine conditions that were unknown to those conducting the experiments, and which were thus being listed against her in the overall results despite them being valid (due to this complaint, all volunteers in subsequent experiments, in Tokyo, were required to bring medical certificates with them before diagnosis).

In response to these complaints, the research team stated that Demkina should have been able to find the plate without extrasensory abilities, because its outline could be seen beneath the subject's scalp, and questioned why the presence of scar tissue in a subject's throat had not alerted her to them having an esophagal condition. Additionally, they noted that it remains clinically impossible for an appendix to spontaneously regrow.

Brian Josephson's criticism
In a self-published commentary regarding the New York testing performed by CSICOP and CSMMH, Nobel prize winning physicist and parapsychology supporter Brian Josephson criticized the test and evaluation methods used by Hyman and questioned the researchers' motives, leveling the accusation that the experiment had the appearance of being "some kind of plot to discredit the teenage claimed psychic."

Stating that the results should have been deemed "inconclusive", Josephson argued the odds of Demkina achieving four matches out of seven by chance alone were 1 in 50, or 2% – making her success rate a statistically significant result. He also argued that Hyman used a Bayes factor that was statistically unjustifiable because it greatly increased the risk of the experiment falsely recording a moderate correlation as being no correlation.

Hyman responded that the high benchmark used in the testing was necessary due to the higher levels of statistical significance which he says is necessary when testing paranormal claims, and that a high Bayes factor was necessary to compensate for the fact that "Demkina was not blindly guessing", but instead "had a great number of normal sensory clues that could have helped increase her number of correct matches".

Bayes factors are used to compensate for variables that cannot be calculated through conventional statistics; in this case, the variable created by the visual clues that Demkina might gather from observing a subject. The Bayes factors used by Hyman were calculated by professors Persi Diaconis and Susan Holmes of the Department of Statistics at Stanford University.

Tokyo
After visiting New York, Demkina traveled to Tokyo Electrical University (東京電機大学) in Japan, at the invitation of Professor Yoshio Machi, who studies claims of unusual human abilities.

According to accounts on her personal website, after her experiences in London and New York, Demkina set several conditions for the tests, including that the subjects bring with them a medical certificate stating their health status, and that the diagnosis be restricted to a single specific part of the body – the head, the torso, or extremities – which she was to be informed of in advance.

Demkina's website claims that she was able to see that one of the subjects had a prosthetic knee, and that another had asymmetrically placed internal organs. She also claims to have detected the early stages of pregnancy in a female subject, and an undulating spinal curvature in another subject.

Machi also arranged for a test to take place in a veterinary clinic, where Demkina was asked to diagnose an anomaly in a dog. Natasha claims to have correctly identified that the dog had an artificial device in its back right leg after being specifically directed to look at the animal's paws.

The Tokyo test was reviewed by three Japanese experts: the occult critic Hajime Yuumu, the psychologist Hiroyuki Ishii, and the Tondemo-bon Society skeptic Hiroshi Yamamoto. The results of Dr. Machi's tests and a panel discussion by the three critics aired on Fuji Television on 12 May 2005. It is noted that Demkina refused to participate in any test where the patients stood behind a cloth screen, despite the cloth being see-through with x-rays in the same way skin is.

title: Natasha Demkina


text:
Talk:Diving suit

wetsuits aren't just for diving
as the fact that wetsuit redirecting here combined with the section in this article seem to imply. they are also used in many other watersports especially those where thier is quite a high probablility of getting wet. some people even deliberately swim in them although i belive they add a lot of effort to doing so.

how best to handle this? should other uses be handled here? should wetsuit be split out? what? Plugwash

ok i partially take that back thier are references to other uses but they are in passing right at the end of the section Plugwash 23:16, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

 * There is a seperate article on Wetsuits that discusses non-diving uses. This article is on diving suits, and so discussion of other uses for wetsuits are not appropriate. - David Scarlett 10:32, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

Ok i didn't notice that article at "wetsuit" (without the space) and "wet suit" redirected here at the time i made that post (bloody anons). Plugwash 11:37, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Semi-dry suits?
I question the provenance of the term "semi-dry suit". I have a wetsuit that is the same as what is described, and I call it a wetsuit. I have never heard anyone in the Northern California diving community refer to a "semi-dry" suit. To keep the term, we should get a citation of its use.Joe Malin 00:35, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

 * It may be a regional thing, but it's a very common term in the UK. A quick google search for "semi dry suit" gives 104,000 hits. Here are the first few sites who use the term:
 * http://www.divernet.com/Diving_Gear/243021/semidry_or_dry.html
 * http://www.simplyscuba.com/products/FourthElement/MensProteus7mmSemi-DrySuit.aspx
 * http://www.bluewatersports.eu/seac-sdry--mens-6mm-semi-dry-wet-suit--with-dry-zipper-3713-p.asp
 * http://www.scubasouthwest.com/131/Oceanic-Neo-Titan-3-piece-Mens-semi-dry-suit.html
 * http://www.watersportswarehouse.co.uk/shop/wetsuits/mens-wetsuits/mares-thermic-7mm-2-piece-semi-493127.html
 * and so on. I really think it's common enough not to require citation, but if you insist, just pick a source. --RexxS (talk) 02:07, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

How a Wetsuit Works
I think people should get the real story of how a wetsuit works. Its not cause it lets in water!! Wear a plastic bag over it and they are just as warm. It is because nitrogen is an insulating gas. Neoprene is a synethetic rubber made by Dupont and it has essentially no thermal resistance (no warmth.) Look it up! or I'll save you some time Think about it. Why is a dry suit warmer than a wetsuit? Because no water gets in. So why would you want water in a wetsuit? To keep you warm? I don't think so water is a excellent thermal conductor.

 * IIRC the basic idea behind a wetsuit is that the water goes in initially (why you initially feel cold when you enter water in a wetsuit) and only changes quite slowly after that, so it has time to heat up to body temperature. Also having some water in there dilutes the sweat and makes them a bit less sticky. Plugwash 11:24, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Unfortuantely links to magazines tend to expire quite quickly, so here's a useful link that may stay longer - if you look at the the quoted figures you'll see that water conducts slightly better than neoprene, and 20 times more than air (refer to  to see that O2 & N2 have the same conductivity). However, it is quite inappropriate to call water an excellent conductor, when there are materials (metals) that conduct up to 1,000 times better than water. The real reason that a wetsuit works is that water has a high capacity to hold heat and is consequently an excellent convector. Without a wetsuit heat would be removed from the skin and carried away by moving water. With a wetsuit a thin layer of water gets in, but cannot convect away. This layer of water insulates about as well as the neoprene as long as it is not continually escaping and being replaced ("flushing"). It should be obvious that trapping a layer of air near to the skin will provide 20 times the insulation of water or neoprene - that's how a dry suit works. RexxS (talk) 01:50, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
 * The problem is that dry suits work in two ways. Some merely keep water out so that a standard air-trapping material inside, like nylon fleece, can do the heat insulation (you could even use goosedown if the dang things didn't tend to leak a bit at the neckseal). Other drysuits have a layer of neoprene foam on the outside so that they are capable of insulation even if you have little on, underneath. Or that adds to what you have on. Most people don't understand that a plain uninsulated drysuit (slick outside, no neoprene foam inside) with no air insulation inside or outside, would not work well. It would cling to the skin with the squeeze and would be as COLD as wrapping yourself in a form fitting garbage bag. There IS not thin later of air next to the skin in the average drysuit with no undergarment at depth, and even if there was one, there would be serious free convection problems with it. Good insulators need two things: a poor conductor (like a gas), AND small semi-sealed cells to break up natural convection. That's how feathers and fiberweaves work, and under a drysuit, and outside a drysuit, they do the same. Both wetsuits and drysuits are often insulated with neoprene foam which contains aircells, and that provides the insulation. That thin layer of water inside your wetsuit isn't worth much-- not only does it have worse insulation overall than an equal thickness of skin and fat below it (which isn't much), but it is subject to natural and forced convection also, since nothing breaks currents in it up (unlike the case with your subcutaneous fat, which isn't well vascularized, so has no natural, and little forced convection). Without the neoprene air cells, a "wetsuit" would do you no more good than wearing ordinary fiber clothing (say, polyester jeans and a sweater) in water. Which also leaves a layer of water next to the skin, but which isn't worth much, per se. S  B Harris 02:10, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Although I'm certain I agree with almost all you say, I'm not sure I agree with your view that drysuits work in two ways. Uncompressed neoprene has maybe half the conductivity of water or 10 times that of still air. Even 8mm neoprenes only have the same insulation as 0.8mm of air so they don't make much of a contribution compared with a few mm of air trapped within an undersuit. This is particularly so when you consider that below about 15 metres depth, the neoprene is severely compressed and loses a lot of its insulation value. I think folks make too much of the thermal insulation that a drysuit might provide - in truth it's the undersuit that determines the insulation. Anecdotally, I've had two regular buddies who dived in Viking neoprene suits - they invariably wore undersuits several mm thick. Any water warm enough to dive without an undersuit, they would dive in a semidry. I've never been a fan of uncompressed neoprene (mainly because of the 8-10Kg buoyancy change with depth); I started diving with an Aquion trilaminate (membrane) suit which I used for several years, then replaced it with a DUI crushed neoprene. In the same water conditions, I've found that with either drysuit, I've needed the same undersuit - that's the bit that keeps me warm!
 * I suppose to get back on-topic (improving the articles), we ought to be considering how much detail & explanation ought to be in Dry suit and Wet suit. Is the detail of comparative conductivities and the importance of stopping convection useful to the aim of improving those articles (and this one), or would we be accused of "Too Much Information"? RexxS (talk) 07:29, 13 January 2008 (UTC)

Jeans
The "Dive skins and jeans" section needs clean-up so that, among other things, the buoyancies on the jeans agree and Wikipedia isn't accused of being sponsored by Levi Strauss. - 128.237.241.229 19:48, 8 February 2005 (UTC)

The jeans and skins section needs a cleanup desperately. It changes the story throughout where it says 2 digfferent things about jeans. - 88.104.159.242 21:02, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

Is this serious? At first I though this section was an April Fool's joke, but it looks like it's been there since May 2004. Has anyone here actually ever heard of anyone seriously using jeans as exposure protection while diving? The current description is almost a word-for-word copy of this article, but I couldn't say which came first. It also sounds like an ad for Levis. I think this section should be reverted back to the skins section that existed prior to the addition of the jeans bit, or at the very least reverted back to before the December 2004 expansion of the jeans section that reads like an advertisement. - David Scarlett 05:46, 2 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok, I've removed all mention of the use of jeans for scuba diving. Still can't believe that was in the article for almost 2 years! David Scarlett 11:11, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Joking aside guys, there are plenty of photos of commercial divers in the Gulf Of Mexico wearing jeans... --UD75 23:03, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Same reason that some divers wear boiler suits. personal protection against abrasion, stings etc. • • • Peter (Southwood) (talk): 19:13, 26 August 2016 (UTC)

Argox as suit inflation gas
Does anyone else think that the use of argox as a suit inflation gas is not notable enough to be worthy of mention? Given that argon is highly narcotic, and such a gas would be quite narcotic below about 15m (EAD of 41m) and could quite likely kill the dive if breathed below 30m (EAD 72m), it seems absurd to mention it here. That and the fact that its use is pretty much completely unheard of. See Talk:Argox (scuba) for some discussion on this gas. -- David Scarlett (Talk) 02:03, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Argox and other exotic diving gases are interesting and worth mentioning but in their own articles, an "exotic gases" article or a section of breathing gas and not in the diving suit article. While it's good to see different angles and the unconventional in articles, argox is too marginal to be useful in an article on diving suits.Mark.murphy 20:27, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

History
Actually first diving suite was invented by very famous Italian inventor Giovanni Alfonso Borelli in 1679. Also he was first man who successfully test diving suite. This suite called "Borelli Sub" 1) http://history.cmas.org/chronology-120217122507 if it necessary I can try find more "trusted" proof but I do remember that fact from diving school (have CMAS). 2) https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=wQnjd5FK_IoC&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=diving+suite+1679+alfonso&source=bl&ots=PXTRn13czI&sig=CHlJ1zzs6Kq8c7On5iSGaCbi16E&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=diving%20suite%201679%20alfonso&f=false 3) Spanish wiki has this info https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arqueolog%C3%ADa_subacu%C3%A1tica — Preceding

Is anyone able to put this info in article since I'm not an English speaker?

unsigned comment added by Lebed~enwiki (talk • contribs) 03:22, 16 July 2015 (UTC)

 * The first reference (CMAS article)does not mention a diving suit invented by Borelli.
 * The second reference does not mention Borelli inventing a diving suit on the pages accessible to me for preview, so I can not use it as a reference. It mentions a submersible designed by Borelli called the Borelli sub, but that is not a diving suit, so not applicable to this article.
 * The third reference is to an unreferenced item in Spanish Wikipedia. As it is unreferenced, we can not use the information. • • • Peter (Southwood) (talk): 17:26, 16 July 2015 (UTC)

B-Class review
Just need a bit of referencing. • • • Peter (Southwood) (talk): 14:11, 3 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Seems good enough for B now.✅ • • • Peter (Southwood) (talk): 06:52, 27 November 2016 (UTC)

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Shark suit
The image File:Neptunic shark suit 1.jpg has recently appeared in these articles: Shark suit, Chain mail, Diving suit, Underwater diving and Thumb signal. It certainly looks like spamming of a personal snapshot across multiple articles, some of which are only tangentially related to the topic of the image. I've reverted the last three for the following reasons: In the case of Shark suit, a barely notable stub, it is of course appropriate. I don't think it adds much to Chain mail, but I'll leave that for others to determine. --RexxS (talk) 15:37, 28 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Its use in Thumb signal is positively misleading. Any diver is aware that the "thumbs-up" signal is an indication that the divers should begin to ascend.
 * In Diving suit and especially in Underwater diving, there are hundreds of images that could be used, and we have to be selective about which ones are most useful to the general audience. The use of a "shark suit" is so uncommon compared to the many other types of suit in use that I don't believe it is WP:DUE for either of these two articles.
 * The same IP user added content and images to several other unrelated articles which was usually reverted although of quality that should have reasonably been accepted as in good faith. User responded by edit warring when asked to discuss on talk page and has been blocked (not by me). I could see a niche for the image and a short bit of background in Diving suit, but not at the top of the article. Underwater diving is stretching it beyond the reasonable. I will give this a bit of thought. Cheers, · · · Peter Southwood (talk): 15:56, 28 March 2019 (UTC)
 * the policy governing adding images to articles is (unsurprisingly) Image use policy : I think that if the article Shark suit ever had sufficient notable content to be worth summarising in Diving suit, then a case can be made for including the image in Diving suit alongside that summary. Until that happens, my advice is to leave it out. Cheers --RexxS (talk) 19:38, 28 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Agree that images are there to illustrate content. Sometime an added image inspires added content which is relevant to the topic, which had previously been missing, for whatever reason. In this case it is somewhat marginal in my opinion. Shark suits exist, they are worn by divers while diving, and as far as I can tell are not used for any other purpose, so can reasonably be classified as diving suits, they appear to be at least to some extent effective. They also appear to be seldom used, even by serious shark researchers, and I have not found a lot of published information on them, so there may not be much to say. Still may be worth a look, but not holding my breath. Cheers, · · · Peter Southwood (talk): 21:30, 28 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Agree that images are there to illustrate content. Sometime an added image inspires added content which is relevant to the topic, which had previously been missing, for whatever reason. In this case it is somewhat marginal in my opinion. Shark suits exist, they are worn by divers while diving, and as far as I can tell are not used for any other purpose, so can reasonably be classified as diving suits, they appear to be at least to some extent effective. They also appear to be seldom used, even by serious shark researchers, and I have not found a lot of published information on them, so there may not be much to say. Still may be worth a look, but not holding my breath. Cheers, · · · Peter Southwood (talk): 21:30, 28 March 2019 (UTC)

Revisão de classe A
Esse trópico revisa classe A 186.237.238.229 (talk) 18:04, 19 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Diving suit


text:
Timothy Greenfield-Sanders

Timothy Greenfield-Sanders (born February 16, 1952) is an American documentary filmmaker and portrait photographer based in New York City. The majority of his work is shot in large format.

Early life
Greenfield-Sanders was born on February 16, 1952, in Miami Beach, Florida, to musician and teacher Ruth W. Greenfield (née Wolkowsky) and lawyer Arnold Merrin Greenfield. He graduated from Ransom Everglades School and received a BA in art history from Columbia University in 1974 and a MFA in film in 1977 from the American Film Institute (A.F.I). While Columbia in the 1970's had no undergraduate film program, Greenfield-Sanders managed to talk his way into classes at the graduate film school and received academic credit for them. Through his friend underground actress and singer Tally Brown he befriended filmmaker Jack Smith and assisted Smith on projects. His early interest in Alfred Hitchcock was deepened after taking Andrew Sarris's Hitchcock class at Columbia and after graduation he worked as the projectionist for Donald Spoto's Hitchcock class at The New School for Social Research.

Photography
Greenfield-Sanders has photographed well-known figures. The USPS George H.W. Bush "Forever" stamp is based on Greenfield-Sanders' portrait of the former President. 700 of his art world portraits are in the collections of The Museum of Modern Art and The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. He was on the masthead, as a contributing photographer, of Vanity Fair from 1990 to 2017. He also contributed photos to Barron's and the SoHo Weekly News.

Greenfield-Sanders was initially interested in filmmaking, pursuing a degree at the American Film Institute in Los Angeles, where he also took portraits for the school's archive of visiting directors, actors and film stars. "Because of AFI, I got tips from celebrities as well as access to them," he says. Alfred Hitchcock once remarked, "Young man, your lights are all wrong," while Bette Davis criticized him harshly for "shooting from below", according to a Photofocus.com article. Admitting to Davis that he was eager to learn more about portraiture, she invited him to drive her around Hollywood for a week in exchange for her thoughts on photography. Greenfield-Sanders credits Davis with alerting him to the work of George Hurrell and the art of large-format cameras.

Greenfield-Sanders makes large-format portraiture. He began his career in 1978 using a vintage 1905 Fulmer & Schwing view camera with 11"x14" Ektapan black and white film. He made contact prints from the large-format negatives. Today, with that film discontinued, he shoots with a 1930s Deardorff studio camera on 8"x10" Kodak color negative. He shoots only a handful of frames.

His work has been exhibited in the United States at The National Portrait Gallery, The Newseum, Brooklyn Museum, High Museum of Art, The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, The San Antonio Museum of Art, and The Annenberg Space for Photography.

Film
His first documentary film, Lou Reed: Rock and Roll Heart, about the musician Lou Reed, won the 1999 Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video. The film premiered in the U.S. at the Sundance Film Festival and in Europe at the Berlin Film Festival. It aired on the American Masters series on PBS.

Greenfield-Sanders exhibited "Thinking XXX", a series of clothed and nude portraits of porn stars, at the Mary Boone Gallery from October 30 to December 18, 2004. During the photo shoots for the exhibition, he directed an HBO documentary, also called Thinking XXX, about the adult stars. His son-in-law Sebastian Blanck worked with him on Thinking XXX as a composer. On October 15, 2004, Greenfield-Sanders was profiled on 60 Minutes. About the XXX project, art critic David Rimanelli in Artforum stated: "Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, the tremendously successful photographer of presidents, Supreme Court justices, movie and music stars, famous writers, and the full panoply of artists, dealers, and critics who constitute the art world, has turned his large-format 8 x 10 Deardorff camera on the parallel universe of pornographic stardom."

Starting in 2008, Greenfield-Sanders directed and produced The Black List, a series of three documentary films. "Volume 1" premiered at The Sundance Film Festival. All three films aired on HBO. Portraits taken by Greenfield-Sanders for the project were first exhibited at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, in 2008, then at Brooklyn Museum, the Hartford Atheneum, and the Paley Center in New York City and Los Angeles. From October 27, 2011, to April 22, 2012, all 50 images from the series were shown at The National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C. The Black List won an NAACP Image Award for Best Documentary.

In 2010 and 2011, Greenfield-Sanders directed and produced The Latino List: Volumes 1 & 2. Both films aired on HBO. His portraits from the series were exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum of Art and the High Museum in Atlanta. In 2012, he completed another film, About Face: Supermodels Then and Now, an examination of beauty through the eyes and lives of supermodels from the 1950s to the 1980s. This documentary premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and aired on HBO on July 30, 2012. He also directed and produced The Out List, which aired on HBO on June 27, 2013, just as United States v. Windsor was decided. Edith Windsor attended the HBO premiere event in New York.

On September 23, 2014, Greenfield-Sanders aired, on PBS' American Masters series, The Boomer List, which starred well-known persons representing each of the baby boomer years of 1946–1964. His portraits of the 19 subjects were exhibited at the Newseum in Washington, D.C. On September 25, 2015, his film The Women's List aired on PBS' American Master series. His portraits of subjects from the documentary along with 35 other images of women, from his archive, were exhibited through December 31, 2015, at the Hearst Tower Alexey Brodovitch Gallery.

In 2016, Greenfield-Sanders directed and produced The Trans List. Trans journalist and author, Janet Mock, conducted the interviews. The film received grants from The Ford Foundation, The Arcus Foundation and The Annenberg Foundation. Among the eleven subjects were Caitlyn Jenner and Laverne Cox. It aired December 5, 2016, on HBO. In addition to the documentary, Greenfield-Sanders photographed 29 other trans subjects to include in his "list" survey exhibition at the Annenberg Space for Photography. This exhibition was the first time that all 151 portraits from the Black, Latino, Out, Women's and Trans 'list' projects were presented together. On December 4, 2016, Greenfield-Sanders was profiled on CBS Sunday Morning by Serena Altschul.

Greenfield-Sanders' latest film, Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am, premiered on January 27, 2019, at the Sundance Film Festival. The film explores the extraordinary life and artistry of Toni Morrison, the legendary Nobel laureate. Interviewees include Morrison, Hilton Als, Angela Davis, Fran Lebowitz, Walter Mosley, Sonia Sanchez, and Oprah Winfrey, among others. Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am won numerous film festival awards, including the 2020 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Documentary, and was nominated for three Emmy Awards.

Books

 * After Andy: Soho in the Eighties. Schwartz City, Melbourne, 1996. Text by Paul Taylor, portraits by Greenfield-Sanders.
 * Art World. Fotofolio, 1999. Essays by Wayne Koestenbaum, Robert Pincus-Witten, and Mark Strand.
 * Timothy Greenfield-Sanders. Alberico Cetti Serbelloni, 2001. Introduction by Francesco Clemente, curated by Demetrio Paparoni. In English and Italian.
 * XXX: 30 Porn-Star Portraits. Bulfinch, 2004. Introduction by Gore Vidal.
 * Face to Face, Timothy Greenfield-Sanders Selected Portraits 1977-2005. Skira, 2005. Edited by Demetrio Paparoni and Gianni Mercurio.
 * Look: Portraits Backstage at Olympus Fashion Week. Powerhouse, 2006.
 * The Black List. Atria, 2008. Introduction by Elvis Mitchell, portraits by Greenfield-Sanders.
 * The Black List 50. National Portrait Gallery; LCP, 2011. Portraits by Greenfield-Sanders.
 * The Latino List. LCP, 2011. Introduction by Maria Hinojosa, portraits by Greenfield-Sanders.
 * The Out List. LCP, 2013. Sam McConnell. Portraits by Greenfield-Sanders.
 * The Boomer List. LCP, 2015. Portraits by Greenfield-Sanders. Original Book of the Year, Independent Publisher Book Award 2015, SNAP Excel Award 20.
 * The Trans List. Janet Mock, 2016. Portraits by Greenfield-Sanders, Annenberg Space for Photography.

Catalogues

 * American Art of the 80's. Electra. Curated by Gabriella Belli and Jerry Saltz, Trento, Palazzo dele Albere, 1991/92 Museo d'Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto.
 * Dancers On A Plane: John Cage, Merce Cunningham and Jasper Johns. Portraits by Greenfield-Sanders, essays Susan Sontag, Richard Francis, Mark Rosenthal, Anne Seymour, David Sylvester, and David Vaughan. Thames and Hudson, Anthony d'Offay Gallery London.
 * The Last Decade. American Artists of the 80's curated by Collins & Milazzo, essays by Robert Pincus-Witten and Collins and Milazzo photographic portraits of the artists by Greenfield-Sanders. New York: Tony Shafrazi Gallery, 1990.
 * Movie Stars. Skira; Museo Carlo Bilotti, Rome, Italy. Essays: Darren Aronofsky & Rachel Weisz, Alec Baldwin Gianni Mercurio, Demetrio Paparoni, Robert Rosenblum, introductions by Silvio Di Francia and Walter Veltroni.
 * Timothy Greenfield-Sanders. Marimura Art Museum, Tokyo. Curated by Taro Chiezo, text by Robert Pincus-Witten, 1990.
 * Timothy Greenfield-Sanders Portraits. Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth. Essay by Robert Pincus-Witten, 1991.
 * Timothy Greenfield-Sanders Selected Portraits 1985-1995. Kunst-Station Sankt Peter, Koln, 1996.
 * Timothy Greenfield-Sanders. Emilio Mazzoli Editore. Introduction by Achille Bonito Oliva.
 * Faces and Names. Gianni Mercurio. Italian Exhibition catalogue.
 * The Ninth Street Show. 1987. Lumiere, Toronto, Canada. Hand printed by Michael Torosian. Text by Robert Pincus-Witten. Edition of 150 copies. Published in 1987 in celebration of 35th anniversary of Leo Castelli Gallery.

Awards

 * Grammy Award, 1999, Lou Reed: Rock and Roll Heart.
 * NAACP Image Award, The Black List: Volume 1,
 * Pratt Institute Legend Award, October 29, 2015, presented by filmmaker, Darren Aronofsky.
 * GLAAD Media Award 2016 Nominee Best Documentary.
 * Founder's Alumni Award for Distinguished Service to the Community, May 19, 2017, Ransom Everglades
 * NAACP Image Award, Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am,
 * News & Documentary Emmy Award, Nominee, Outstanding Arts & Culture Documentary, Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am
 * Critic's Choice Documentary Awards, Winner, Best Biographical Documentary, Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am

Collections
Greenfield-Sanders' work is held in the following permanent collections:
 * The Museum of Modern Art, New York
 * The National Portrait Gallery, D.C.
 * The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 * The Whitney Museum of Art, New York
 * The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
 * The Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris
 * The Broad Foundation, Los Angeles
 * The Brooklyn Museum of Art, New York
 * The Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
 * The Detroit Institute of Arts
 * Getty Museum of Art, Santa Monica, Ca
 * The International Center of Photography
 * Museo di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
 * The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
 * The Philadelphia Museum of Art
 * The Los Angeles County Museum of Art

One-person exhibitions

 * 1981: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's, Marcuse Pfeifer Gallery, New York City,
 * 1981: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's Gallery of Fine Art, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio,
 * 1981: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's Loew Gallery, Syracuse, New York,
 * 1982: NY Artists of the 50’s in the 80’s Brevard Art Center and Museum, Melbourne, Florida
 * 1982: NY Artists of the 50’s in the 80’s Metropolitan Museum and Art Center, Miami, Florida,
 * 1982: Art Critics, Marcuse Pfeifer Gallery, New York City,
 * 1982: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's Edwin A. Ulrich Museum of Art, Wichita, Kansas, *1982;
 * 1983: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's Arkansas Art Center, Little Rock, Arkansas,
 * 1984: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's Drew University Gallery, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey, 1984
 * 1987: NY Artists of the 50's in the 80's — 9th Street Show, Leo Castelli Gallery, New York City,
 * 1987: New Irascibles Series, Marcuse Pfeifer Gallery, NYC, NY.
 * 1991: "Timothy Greenfield-Sanders" Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas.
 * 1996: "Timothy Greenfield-Sanders" Kunst-Station Sankt Peter, Koln, Germany.
 * 1999: "Art World" Mary Boone Gallery, NYC, NY
 * 2000: "Art World" Emilio Mazzoli Gallery, Modena, Italy
 * 2004: "XXX" Mary Boone Gallery, NYC, NY
 * 2010: Supermodels of the 70's and 80's, Steven Kasher Gallery, New York,
 * 2010: The Black List. (Selected Images) Paley Center, Los Angeles, CA. 2/1/10-5/31/10
 * 2011: Injured Soldiers and Marines, Hiram Butler Gallery, Houston, TX,
 * 2011: The Black List: Volumes 2 and 3, Rice University, Houston,
 * 2011: The Black List: Volumes 2 and 3, Bucknell University,
 * 2011: The Latino List: Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, The Brooklyn Museum
 * 2011: The Black List: Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, The National Portrait Gallery,
 * 2012: About Face Portraits, Paley Center, New York, NY,
 * 2013: The Latino List, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA,
 * 2013: Supermodels, Bernd Kluser Gallery, Munich, Germany,
 * 2013: The Out List, Hiram Butler Gallery, Houston, TX,
 * 2014–15: The Boomer List, The Newseum, Washington, D.C.,
 * 2015: The Women's List, Hearst Tower, New York, NY, 09/21/2015-12/31/15
 * 2016: The Boomer List, Washington Pavilion Visual Arts Center – Sioux Falls, SD,
 * 2016: The Women's List, Fisher Landau Center for Art, Long Island City, New York, NY
 * 2016–17: Identity: Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, The List Portraits, Annenberg Space for Photography, LA, CA,
 * 2017–18: The Boomer List, North Carolina Museum of History – Raleigh, NC,
 * 2017: The Boomer List, Brattleboro Museum – Brattleboro, VT,
 * 2017: The Boomer List, Florida Museum of Photographic Arts – Tampa, FL,
 * 2017: The Boomer List, Photographic Center Northwest – Seattle, WA,
 * 2017: The Trans List, Wetterling Gallery, Sweden, 2017
 * 2018: 50 Women, Southern Vermont Arts Center, Manchester, VT.
 * 2018–19: The Latino List, International Museum of Art & Science, McAllen, TX
 * 2018: The Trans List, The Dorsky Museum, New Paltz, NY,
 * 2018: The Boomer List, The Haggin Museum – Stockton, CA
 * 2018: The Boomer List, Morris Museum – Morristown, NJ,
 * 2018: "The Boomer List" Springfield Museum of Art – Springfield, OH
 * 2018: The Boomer List, The Naper Settlement, Naperville, IL
 * 2019: The Boomer List, Museum of the Albemarle – Elizabeth City, NC,
 * 2021: The Boomer List, Scarfone/Hartley Gallery at the University of Tampa – Tampa, Fl.,

Personal life
He is married to lawyer Karin Greenfield-Sanders (née Sanders). They have two children: painter Isca Greenfield-Sanders and filmmaker, Liliana Greenfield-Sanders.

title: Timothy Greenfield-Sanders


text:
Vodafone UK

Vodafone Limited, trading as Vodafone UK, is a British telecommunications company, owned by Vodafone Group, the world's eighth-largest telecommunications company. Vodafone is the third-largest mobile network operator in the United Kingdom, with 18.6 million subscribers as of May 2024, after O2 and EE, followed by Three. The country's first cellular phone call was made on the Vodafone network in 1985.

In June 2023, it was announced that subject to regulatory approval Vodafone UK and Three UK will merge to create Britain's biggest mobile network. The merger is expected to be finalised before the end of 2024, and would create a group with 27 million mobile customers.

Mobile network
In 1981, Racal Electronics Group won its bid for the private sector UK Cellular licence, and created Racal Telecomms Division. The same year, Racal formed a joint venture with Millicom named 'Racal Vodafone'. The Vodafone name was first unveiled on 22 March 1984. Vodafone made the first cellular telephone call in the United Kingdom on 1 January 1985, from St Katharine Docks to Newbury, and launched the UK's first cellular network later that year. 'Vodapage' was launched two years later, providing 80% of the United Kingdom's population with a paging service, and a service called 'Vodata' was also launched for voice and data.

Racal Telecom was demerged from Racal Electronics in 1991, becoming Vodafone Group, and introduced the country's first GSM mobile phone network the same year. The company launched digital data, fax and a text messaging service with Vodata in 1994. Vodafone also began working with Globalstar to develop and launch a satellite to provide a Satellite phone service.

On 5 January 1999, Vodafone UK connected its 5 millionth customer. By the end of 1999 it had 8 million customers, rising to 12 million in 2001,

The first 3G voice call in the UK was made in April 2001 on the Vodafone UK network, with an initial network of 30 base stations in the Thames Valley set for the commercial launch in 2002. That same month Vodafone launched GPRS services. Around the same time, Vodafone's analogue TACS network was closed after 16 years of service. In 2003, Vodafone introduced the 'Speaking Phone', a phone for blind & visually impaired users. Vodafone Mobile Connect 3G was launched in 2005, a data card that uses the network's 3G capabilities to connect laptop users to the internet.

Vodafone UK won Mobile Retailer's 'National Retailer of the Year' in 2005 and was awarded 'Best Network' in the 2010 Mobile News and Mobile Awards.

In May 2011, Vodafone and Justgiving launched 'JustTextGiving', which allows mobile phone user to donate between £1 and £10 to a registered charity using a SMS message, which is paid for by the donor through reverse SMS billing. Vodafone invested £5 million to ensure that charities do not incur any set-up costs, or commissions deducted from donations, ensuring that they receive 100% of donations and Gift Aid.

Vodafone and O2 signed a deal in June 2012 which will see the two companies 'pool' their network technology, creating a single national grid of 18,500 transmitter sites. Both networks will continue to carry their own independent mobile spectrum.

On 20 February 2013, Ofcom announced that Vodafone had been awarded spectrum in the 800 MHz and 2.6 GHz bands for 4G LTE coverage, bidding around £790 million for the spectrum. The service became available to customers in London on 29 August, and will expand to a further twelve cities by the end of 2013.

On 29 March 2018, following the release of iOS 11.3, Vodafone launched VoLTE (4G Calling) for iPhone users, with devices from the iPhone 6S to the iPhone X being compatible. The feature had been active on some Android phones from Huawei, Samsung Mobile and Sony Mobile prior to its launch on Apple Inc. devices.

On 3 July 2019, Vodafone launched their 5G network in Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool and London, with more towns and cities launching throughout 2019.

In February 2024 Vodafone shut down their 3G network.

Fixed network
On 1 April 2012, Vodafone agreed a takeover of Cable & Wireless Worldwide at a cost of just over £1 billion. The acquisition gave Vodafone access to its own fixed line network, in addition to the already established mobile network, allowing the company to begin work on launching a variety of fixed line services to Enterprise customers in addition to the ex-CWW customers which it acquired during the initial takeover.

Following the acquisition of CWW, Vodafone began working on a consumer Broadband and TV proposition, using its fibre network. Vodafone launched its broadband offering to the UK public on 12 October 2015. Work is ongoing for the launch of Vodafone's UK TV service, which the company originally planned to launch before the spring of 2016, however has since delayed to a later date.

Radio frequency summary
Vodafone LTE 1800 MHz is only available in some areas, having been refarmed from 2G (1800 MHz), whereas the LTE 2100 MHz is available in a rapidly increasing number of areas and is very potent in areas such as Cardiff, London, Manchester and Birmingham.

Stores
Vodafone operates a retail estate consisting of both company owned and franchise (known as Partner Agent) stores. In total, there are 363 stores located across the UK.

A 'Tech Team' section (similar to Apple's Genius Bar) was rolled out in November 2011 to Vodafone 'Elite' status Stores in cities & large towns, offering free advice to all customers of the mobile network. Vodafone also introduced the 'RED Box' to its stores at the same time, which allows phone users to transfer contents between handsets.

Vodafone VIP
Beginning in 2010, Vodafone UK operated a 'VIP' reward scheme as part of a partnership with Live Nation, in which customers could access tickets 48 hours before release for major UK events including T in the Park, Isle of Wight Festival, Reading & Leeds festival, London Fashion Week and the British Grand Prix. Some of the music festivals involved in the scheme had their own 'Vodafone VIP' areas, available to customers by winning certain competitions. In May 2013, the Vodafone VIP Mobile Application developed by Invitation Digital was launched on both iPhone and Android platforms. In January 2014, Vodafone announced the closure of Vodafone VIP with immediate effect.

Freebee Rewardz
Vodafone UK launched a loyalty scheme named 'Freebee Rewardz' in late 2011, accompanied by a £3million marketing campaign featuring two CGI bees named Jack and Mike voiced by Dan Antopolski and Karl Theobald. Each time a pay-as-you-go customer top-up £15 (such as a discount on a film from Blockbuster, or free credit toward their balance) to collect 'Pointz' that can be added to their bigger prize. In May 2015 Rewardz were renamed Rewards to reflect marketing changes.

30 Day Service Guarantee and Flexi-Upgrade
In 2017 Vodafone UK launched two new features one called 30-day network satisfaction for new and upgrading customers that if they aren't happy with the Vodafone service and coverage within the first 30 days of having the contract the user can cancel and leave the network, the other is called Flexi-Upgrades this allows Vodafone customers after 6 months of being in their current contract to upgrade to a new device and contract after paying a certain amount off of their contract/device plans.

In June 2018 the 30-day Network Satisfaction was renamed and readvertised as the 30-day Service Guarantee, however in July 2019 the 30-day return period was removed by Vodafone and has now been reduced to only 14-days.

Slogans
Vodafone used the slogan 'How are you?' in the UK between 2003 and 2006, but briefly switched in 2007 to "Make the Most of Now".

In October 2017, Vodafone unveiled a new global brand campaign. This saw the logo return to its former 2D appearance and the introduction of a new slogan "The future is exciting... Ready?"

The Official Vodafone Big Top 40
From November 2010, Vodafone had used commercial radio's syndicated chart show to advertise its products and offers. Sunday evenings between 4 & 7, produced at London's Capital FM and syndicated to some of the biggest local radio stations in the UK, the show was hosted by Marvin Humes & Kat Shoob.

For the first 12 months of their sponsorship, Vodafone pushed their 'Freebees' brand and the show was named 'The Vodafone Freebees Big Top 40 Show' before being changed to simply 'The Vodafone Big Top 40' in 2011.

In 2017, the show was named 'The Official Vodafone Big Top 40' and the logo was re-made to fit the colours of Vodafone's new subsidiary mobile network, VOXI.

In March 2022, the show gained a new sponsor and was renamed The Sky VIP Official Big Top 40.

Be Unlimited
On 10 July 2019, Vodafone launched their new ad campaign "Be Unlimited" to accompany the launch of their new Unlimited Data plans which include 4G and 5G network coverage.

Sponorships & Connectivity Partner
Vodafone has been the official connectivity partner and sponsor for Glastonbury festival since March 2023 signing a multi year agreement with the festival to provide the best in class mobile coverage and free charging at the festival.

Vodafone has been the official connectivity partner of the British Summer Time (concerts) festival since April 2022 signing a multi-year deal to provide best in class mobile coverage for the festival.

Vodafone has been the official connectivity partner of the Boardmasters festival since November 2023 signing a multi-year deal to provide best in class mobile coverage for the festival.

Vodafone has been the official connectivity partner of the Mighty Hoopla & Kendal Calling festivals since April 2022 signing a multi-year deal to provide best in class mobile coverage for the festival.

Vodafone has been the network partner and sponsor of Wimbledon Championships since January 2022 signing a 5 year deal to provide best in class mobile coverage across all tennis courts.

Vodafone has been the Shirt sponsor of Wales woman team since September 2022 and this has been extended to the Mens national team on June 2023 on a multi-year deal.

Vodafone was the shirt sponsor for the 2021 rugby tour of the British & Irish Lions in South Africa.

Vodafone was the shirt sponsor for English premiership mens and woman's rugby & netball teams Wasps from 2019 till 2023 before the club went into administration.

Data charges
Vodafone UK came under criticism in June 2011 after they scrapped their fair-use policy on data charges, meaning those without monthly allowances would pay 50p for every 10MB of data used.

Loss of network
A break-in at the Vodafone exchange centre in Basingstoke on 28 February 2011 left several hundreds of thousands of customers in the west of London without network access, after burglars stole computer equipment and damaged network hardware.

Subcontracting to third-parties
Vodafone came under fire after the Manchester Arena bombing of May 2017. The company outsourced the National Mutual Aid Telephony system out to a third party under the name of Content Guru. When the attack took place, the system failed to operate and resulted in those affected by the attack not being able to contact police or emergency services.

Proposed merger with Three
In 2023, Vodafone UK struck a deal with Three UK to merge their UK businesses, subject to approval by the competition regulator. The combined company would have 27 million customers, which would make them the largest mobile network in the UK, surpassing O2 which has 24 million customers and EE which has 20 million. The deal would give Vodafone Group a 51% stake in the new business with CK Hutchison (the owner of Three UK) owning the remaining 49%. Vodafone has an option to buy out Hutchison's stake, three years after completion of the merger.

Vodafone claim that the deal would lead to £11bn of investment into 5G over the next 10 years. Consumer group Which? and others raised concerns that the merger would risk lowering the quality of service and increasing prices due to less competition being present.

In January 2024, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) have announced to start their Phase 1 investigation on this proposed deal. The Phase 1 investigation would take around 40 days to complete before the decision to either allow the merger or dive in a new phase investigation called Phase 2, where the regulator dives into more information about an acquisition or merger. This takes a lot more time compared to Phase 1 investigations.

In March 2024, the CMA completed their Phase 1 investigation, and have found evidence that the merger between Vodafone UK and Three UK could raise prices and reduce quality of the new network for consumers and businesses. The CMA gave Both Vodafone UK & Three UK five days to respond to the concerns with sufficient evidence before they started their phase 2 investigation which would take several months and it is expected to end in late 2024 when the CMA decides whether or not to allow the multi-billion pound merger.

VOXI by Vodafone
On 9 September 2017, Vodafone launched their VOXI SIM-only plans which offered users under 25 unlimited minutes, texts and endless data to social media websites and apps. In 2018 the upper age limit was raised to 30. In November 2018, Voxi started selling contracted and SIM-free phones. In April 2019 the upper age limit was removed by Vodafone, meaning that VOXI is available to all users regardless of their age.

VOXI users gained access to Vodafone's 5G services in October 2019 although access was limited to users on the unlimited plan only. Users of lower-priced plans gained access to the new technology in September 2020 along with unlimited video streaming.

title: Vodafone UK


text:
South Kaibab Trail

The South Kaibab Trail is a hiking trail in Grand Canyon National Park, located in the U.S. state of Arizona. Unlike the Bright Angel Trail which also begins at the south rim of the Grand Canyon and leads to the Colorado River, the South Kaibab Trail follows a ridge out to Skeleton Point allowing for 360-degree views of the canyon.

Access and description
The trailhead for the South Kaibab Trail is located off of the Yaki Point Road, which is closed to private vehicles. The trailhead can be accessed via either the Rim Trail or the free Grand Canyon National Park shuttle bus. From the trailhead, the trail heads north. Hikers begin with a steep descent through the Grand Canyon's upper rock layers: the Kaibab Limestone and Toroweap Formation. At about 1/2 mile one can observe an excellent example of a pustule dome. Here a small deposit of less dense more buoyant evaporite has punctured through a layer of harder limestone above. Through the first ¾ mile, the trail cuts through the eastern side of Pipe Creek Canyon until Ooh Aah Point, where the canyon walls turn around Yaki Point and the view of the eastern canyon opens up. The point is named after a common reaction to the view.

From Ooh Aah Point the trail turns around a few switchbacks in a natural break in the Coconino Sandstone until Cedar Ridge, where the trail begins to level off slightly. Cedar Ridge has toilet facilities and offers a place for hikers and mule trains to rest. Below here, the trail continues north around the east site of a prominent Supai sandstone tower named O'Neill Butte, descending gradually through the Hermit Shale and Supai Group to Skeleton Point, three miles (5 km) from the trailhead. After Skeleton Point, the trail begins a sharp descent through a natural break in the Redwall Limestone. Despite the name, the natural color of the rock is light beige or gray. The trail cuts to the west of the point where hikers can get a view of Phantom Ranch, then quickly back to the east side of the point. There are numerous switchbacks to descend the 1200 ft through the Redwall Limestone, Muav Limestone, and Bright Angel Shale to the junction with the Tonto Trail, 4½ miles from the trailhead.

A sign marks the trail junction, which has toilet facilities. The Tonto Trail heads west towards Havasupai Gardens, and east towards Horseshoe Mesa and Hance Rapids. About ¼ past the junction is a point called the Tipoff, where an emergency phone is located on the east side of the trail. After the Tipoff the trail makes its final steep descent to the bottom of the canyon, through the Tapeats Sandstone and Vishnu Schist. This section is the steepest of the South Kaibab Trail at an average of 22%. Six miles from the trailhead, there is a junction with the River Trail at its eastern terminus. One-half mile past the junction, there is a tunnel that leads to the Black Suspension Bridge crossing the Colorado River. Mule trips from the south rim cross this bridge except when it is closed to traffic. The other crossing of the Colorado is about ¾ downstream on the Silver Suspension Bridge, accessible from the River Trail.

On the north site of the river the trail turns westward and descends slightly. There is a spur that leads to Boat Beach on the Colorado River, just downstream from the black bridge. About ½ mile past the bridge is the junction with the River Trail and North Kaibab Trail, marking the official end on the South Kaibab Trail seven miles (11 km) from the trailhead. There is a restroom and water spigot at the junction. The Bright Angel Campground is located just past here, and Phantom Ranch is about ½ mile past the campground.

Part of Arizona Trail
The South Kaibab Trail is also part of the Arizona Trail system, crossing the state of Arizona from Mexico to Utah. The thru-trail continues north from here along the North Kaibab Trail.

Condition
Grand Canyon National Park categorizes the South Kaibab Trail as a corridor trail. With this designation it receives regular maintenance and patrols by park rangers.

Water availability
Water is available, along with restrooms, at the trailhead. Water is not available at any point along the South Kaibab Trail, except on the north side of the Colorado River. Treated water is only available at the Bright Angel Campground and Phantom Ranch. All water found from natural sources must be filtered, treated, or boiled prior to consuming.

Camping
Hikers may only camp at the Bright Angel Campground, where they can stay overnight with a permit issued by the Grand Canyon National Park Backcountry Information Center. Use of the campground overnight is regulated by the National Park Service, and they call for a maximum number of groups (7 to 11 people) and parties (1 to 6 people), as well as a maximum total number of persons. Wood and charcoal fires are not permitted; camp stoves only.

Requests are taken beginning on the 1st day of the month, up to four months before the requested first night of camping. Permits are also available on a first-come, first-served basis from the park's Backcountry Information Center three months out.

Hazards
Hazards hikers can encounter along the South Kaibab Trail include dehydration, sudden rainstorms, lightning, bootpacked ice, flash flooding, loose footing, rockfall, encounters with wildlife, and extreme heat. At the Colorado River, additional hazards include hypothermia (due to the river's consistently cold temperatures), trauma (due to collisions with boulders in rapids), and drowning.

title: South Kaibab Trail


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Seniority (financial)

In finance, seniority refers to the order of repayment in the event of a sale or bankruptcy of the issuer. Seniority can refer to either debt or preferred stock. Senior debt must be repaid before subordinated (or junior) debt is repaid. Each security, either debt or equity, that a company issues has a specific seniority or ranking. Bonds that have the same seniority in a company's capital structure are described as being pari passu. Preferred stock is senior to common stock in a sale when preferred shareholders must receive back their preference, typically their original investment amount, before the common shareholders receive anything.

FpML
The seniority of bonds recognised in FpML (Financial products Markup Language) are as follows:

title: Seniority (financial)


text:
Help:Media

Media introduction Audio and video MIDI

Media files on Wikipedia
Some Wikipedia articles include sound or video files, that can be played on almost all personal computers. However, your computer must have the right software. If your computer does not automatically play these files when you click on them, downloading and installing free software from the Internet can enable it to do so.

Sound files on Wikipedia generally use the Vorbis or MP3 audio format, and video files use the VP9 or Theora format, both contained in either WebM or Ogg files. However older Microsoft Windows, iOS and macOS devices might not support these formats by default, and depend on additional software to play the files. When you use Wikipedia in a browser this software is integrated by default.

Music files may occasionally use the MIDI format (.MID or .MIDI extension). Wikipedia can play a MIDI file by converting it to digital audio, or depending on how the MIDI file is linked it may rely on your computer's browser and hardware to play the MIDI file. Directions on installing software >> For help making and converting video and audio into the format usable on Wikipedia, see Creation and usage of media files.

title: Help:Media


text: User talk:68.20.181.183

title: User talk:68.20.181.183


text: User talk:66.140.73.195

title: User talk:66.140.73.195


text: Category:Judges of the Supreme Court of Maryland


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Susan Kohner

Susanna "Susan" Kohner (born November 11, 1936) is an American actress who worked in film and television. She played Sarah Jane, a young African-American woman, in Imitation of Life (1959), for which she was nominated for an Oscar as Best Supporting Actress. She won two Golden Globe awards for her performance.

After Kohner married menswear designer and writer John Weitz in 1964, she retired from acting to devote time to her family. Their two sons, Paul Weitz and Chris Weitz, both became film directors and producers, screenwriters, and occasional actors.

Early life
Kohner was born in Los Angeles, California, daughter of Lupita Tovar, a Mexican-born actress who had a career in Hollywood, and Paul Kohner, a film producer who was born in Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. Her mother was Roman Catholic, and of Irish and Mexican descent; her father was Czech Jewish.

Career
Most of Kohner's film roles came during the late 1950s and early 1960s, including co-starring with Sal Mineo in both Dino (1957) and The Gene Krupa Story (1959).

In her best-known role, Kohner played Sarah Jane in Imitation of Life, portraying a light-skinned Black woman who "passes" as white. The 1959 film was the second film adaptation of the 1933 book of the same name. The plot had major changes to better reflect its own time. The first film adaptation was released in 1934.

The expensive, glossy Ross Hunter production, directed by Douglas Sirk and starring Lana Turner, was a box-office hit. In addition, Kohner was nominated for a Best Supporting Actress Academy Award for her role in the film. She won a Golden Globe as Best Supporting Actress and another as Best New Actress. Following her role in Imitation of Life, Kohner appeared in All the Fine Young Cannibals opposite Natalie Wood and Robert Wagner.

Kohner's TV debut was on February 4, 1956, in the "Long After Summer" episode of The Alcoa Hour. A review in the trade publication Billboard said that she "failed to impress." She later had guest roles on various television series, including Hong Kong, Going My Way, and Temple Houston. She made her last film appearance in 1962, costarring with Montgomery Clift in Freud: The Secret Passion. She retired from acting in 1964.

Personal life
In 1964, Kohner married John Weitz, a German-born novelist and fashion designer. She retired from acting to devote time to her family. The couple had two sons together, Chris and Paul Weitz, who both became film directors and producers in Hollywood. Together they produced films such as American Pie (1999) and About a Boy (2002). Chris Weitz is also known for directing New Moon (2009), part of The Twilight Saga.

On April 23, 2010, a new print of Imitation of Life (1959) was screened at the TCM Film Festival in Los Angeles, California, to which Kohner and co-star Juanita Moore were invited. After the screening, the two women appeared on stage for a question-and-answer session hosted by TCM's Robert Osborne. Kohner and Moore received standing ovations.

Theater

 * 1958: Love Me Little by John G. Fuller at Helen Hayes Theatre. Role: Emily Whittaker. Broadway debut.
 * 1962: Pullman Car Hiawatha by Thornton Wilder at Circle in the Square Theatre. Role: Harriet Milbury.
 * 1963: Saint Joan by George Bernard Shaw at Vancouver Theater Festival. With Mike Nichols.

title: Susan Kohner


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User talk:NefariousWheel

Briefly, I'm an old man with 35 years in the information technology business, since the discrete transistor days. I've written some software for NASA, power companies, etc. (about a half-million lines of code all up) mostly in legacy languages and styles, and understand VAX/VMS best of them all. I curently serve on the board of directors of SCA Australia at the moment. I'm a gamer and a reader, and have written one and a half books. Currently working in the business/financial sector as an IT consultant. Favorite sites are Wiki, Slashdot, GPF, TheRegister and the weather. NefariousWheel is also my Slashdot handle.

Notification: changes to "Mark my edits as minor by default" preference
Hello there. This is an automated message to tell you about the gradual phasing out of the preference entitled "Mark all edits minor by default", which you currently have enabled.

On 13 March 2011, this preference was hidden from the user preferences screen as part of efforts to prevent its accidental misuse (consensus discussion). This had the effect of locking users in to their existing preference, which, in your case, was. To complete the process, your preference will automatically be changed to  in the next few days. This does not require any intervention on your part and you will still be able to manually mark your edits as being 'minor'. The only thing that's changed is that you will no longer be able to have them marked as minor by default. For more information on what a minor edit is, see WP:MINOR or feel to get in touch.

Thank you for your understanding and happy editing :) Editing on behalf of User:Jarry1250, LivingBot (talk) 23:40, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:NefariousWheel


text:
Talk:Médard des Groseilliers

Untitled
This article describes the subject as having defected to the English which, as it stands, provides a derogatory view of this person as a "defector." The article omits essential facts and historical background: 1) There was no War to defect from – and French law at the time did not forbid a French person from doing business with the English, Spanish, etc. And, this was a time in history when the Ancien Regime controlled everything for their own financial gain. Radisson went to the "English" because of the greed and ineptitude of the French Aristocracy . To see a proper presentation of ALL the facts, please see the website article written by a qualified Professor of History that includes the passage:
 * Radisson tells of the hard usage he and his brother-in-law (Médard des Groseilliers) suffered when greedy officials confiscated a large part of the furs, threw the older man into jail, and fined both men – presumably for having gone to the west without the governor’s permission.

http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=34253&query=CHOUART%20AND%20DES%20AND%20GROSEILLIERS

JillandJack 19:52, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Defect:

1. To disown allegiance to one's country and take up residence in another: a Soviet citizen who defected to Israel. 2. To abandon a position or association, often to join an opposing group: defected from the party over the issue of free trade. ✏ Oven Fresh ☺  20:05, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

As I said on the Radisson page, first of all, it's nice that you have finally decided to discuss this with the rest of us, and secondly, I don't mean "defected" in a derogatory way. It just means, they were French, and they collaborated with the English against French interests. I suppose you will object to "collaborated" as well. I guess I am more used to a more neutral definition of "defecting" than the general public understands. Adam Bishop 20:12, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Médard des Groseilliers


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HTMS Maeklong

HTMS Maeklong (เรือหลวงแม่กลอง) is a retired Royal Thai Navy escort vessel (classified also as a corvette or sloop) and training ship, built at the Uraga Dock in Yokosuka, Japan. Her sister ship was HTMS Tachin.

The Maeklong is preserved in concrete in Chulachomklao Fort in Phra Samut Chedi District, Samut Prakan Province, Thailand. The ship is named after a river, the Mae Klong.

Construction and commissioning
HTMS Maeklong construction along with four other warships was ordered and signed by the Royal Thai Navy on 13 August 1935 and Phra Prakobkollakij was assigned as the general overseer of all the five warships, where Luang Chanchakrakij was to overseer the detailed construction of HTMS Maeklong and HTMS Tachin.

Royal keel-laying ceremony for HTMS Maeklong was held on 24 July 1936, at the Uraga Dock Company, Japan. HTMS Maeklong has delivery and returned to Thailand on 10 June 1937 and arrived at Ratcha Woradit Pier on 26 September 1937. The Ministry of Defense organized a welcoming ceremony and enrolled in the ship on the day the ship arrived in Thailand. At the ceremony Prince Oscar Anuvatana, President of the regency council of King Rama VIII, presided over the ceremony at the Rajakij Winitchai Pavilion. HTMS Maeklong commissioned in 1937, served as a training ship for naval officers until the age of 60 is considered the longest active warship in the history of the Thai navy and the second longest in the world.

Service history
During World War II, HTMS Maeklong patrolled the Thai territories to protect the Gulf of Thailand until the war was over and used to be a royal ship in many times, for example, when King Rama VIII went to study in Switzerland on 13 January 1938, or when the King returned to Bangkok on 2 December 1951 and used in royal proceedings to inspect the Naval Parade and Observing the landing of the marines at Bang Saen Beach, Chon Buri Province on 20 November 1954. In addition, it was organized as a ship to bring bone ash of King Prajadhipok to Tha Ratchaworadit on 20 May 1949.

HTMS Maeklong Museum
Later, King Bhumibol Adulyadej asked the Royal Thai Navy that should preserve the old warships and make them into a museum of military history to disseminate knowledge to the public. Therefore, in the auspicious occasion of King Bhumibol will ascend the throne for the 50th year in 1996, the Royal Thai Navy built the Thai Warship Museum in honour of the Golden Jubilee Year of King Bhumibol by conserving the Mae Klong Luang boat and creating a warship museum in the navy's outdoor museum project.

title: HTMS Maeklong