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Punjab Police (India)

The Punjab Police (abbreviated as PP) is the police agency responsible for law enforcement and investigations within the state of Punjab, India. The Punjab Police has a broad array of specialised services, including the prevention and detection of crime, maintenance of law and order and the enforcement of the Constitution of India. Its headquarters are located at Jan Marg, Chandigarh. On 7 September 2011, Punjab Police started a video conferencing service to redress problems of NRIs. The present DGP of the Punjab Police is Gaurav Yadav. He is an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer of the 1992 batch.

History
After the Indian independence, the Punjab police was initially responsible for the protection of the Indo-Pakistan border as well as the Indo-Chinese borders before the BSF and ITBP were created.

Rapid Rural Police Response System
Punjab is the first state of India to have a Rapid Rural Police Response System which provides City PCR-like response service in rural areas. As the Punjab Police adopted the Computer-Aided-Dispatch (CAD) system for Dial 100 system, 289 four-wheelers and 724 GPS fitted motorcycles are being used.

Punjab Highway Patrol
The Punjab Police has a global positioning system (GPS) tracker and a vehicle registration search device, equipped with highway patrol vehicles.

Crime Investigation Agency
The Crime Investigation Agency or CIA staff is a special branch of the Punjab Police. The crucial or unsolved criminal cases like smuggling, kidnapping, narcotics, terrorism and murder are handed over to them. This branch of the police is known for its ways of interrogating the culprit who committed the crime.

Night policing scheme
Punjab is the first state in the country to launch a night policing scheme with an independent cadre, command and structure of a 4,000 strong police force for prevention of offences at night time.

Punjab Bureau of Investigation
The Punjab Bureau of Investigation was set up in 2019 with 4521 dedicated new posts. Punjab is the first state of India to form a Bureau of Investigation, and separated law and order duties from investigation functions by bringing all investigation staff of 7,772 under a unified wing command.

The Bureau of Investigation investigates civil and criminal cases registered at various police stations and is equipped with:

 * Mobile forensic evidence collection units
 * Regional forensic science labs
 * Modern cyber-crime unit
 * Modern interview rooms
 * Modern women police stations in all districts

Training centres
Khelan
 * Police Recruits Training Centre (PRTC), Jahan
 * Punjab Police Academy (PPA), Phillaur
 * Recruit Training Centre, PAP, Jalandhar
 * Commando Training Centre (CTC), Bahadurgarh, Patiala
 * In-Service Training Centre, Kapurthala

Armed battalions

 * Punjab Armed Police
 * India Reserve Battalions
 * Punjab Commando Police

The headquarters of the Punjab Armed Police are located at Jalandhar while the India Reserve Battalions are stationed at Sangrur, Amritsar, Patiala, Ludhiana and Jalandhar and the Punjab Commando Police at Bahadurgarh (Patiala) and S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali).

Weapons and equipment
The Punjab Police was equipped with the .303 rifles, AK-47, AK-56 and 561 Sten guns, but modernisation with advanced weapons is now taking place.

Vehicles
The Punjab Police has 3083 vehicles and patrol cars like the Mahindra Scorpio Getaways and Maruti Gypsys. The PP also has motorcycles equipped with GPS and multi-utility vehicles equipped with GPS and CCTV cameras.

Cyber Crime Cell Punjab
The Punjab Police has a dedicated cybercrime cell to deal with cybercrime in the state headed by an ADGP-ranked police officer, having an office in Phase 4, S.A.S Nagar.

Punjab SWAT
The Punjab Police Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team was formed in 2010. The officers are usually tasked with protection duties. They are highly trained on the lines of the National Security Guard by Israel's Mossad through private company Athena Security, deployed by the Punjab Government. All the commandos are under 28 years of age, thus making them fit and capable of tasks meant for commandos. Their main work is to fight against any terrorist attack if it occurs in Punjab. They have been trained exclusively in Krav Maga, room intervention, close and open techniques and other secret tactics.

The SWAT is provided with various state-of-the-art equipment and the latest technology. The teams are provided with:

 * Bullet-resistant transport
 * Lightweight bullet-resistant jackets and helmets
 * Hands-free radio sets
 * Complete anti-trauma bodysuit with level-2 protection
 * Riot control helmet
 * Gas masks
 * Shock shields
 * Laser weapons
 * Gas guns
 * Pepper gun launcher

Weapons
 * Glock 17 pistol
 * Brugger & Thomet MP9 sub machine gun
 * Heckler & Koch MP5 sub machine gun
 * MTAR 21 X95 assault rifle
 * SIG 552 assault rifle
 * AK-47 assault rifle
 * Steyr SSG 69 sniper rifle
 * CornerShot
 * Night vision device

Major operation
The Punjab SWAT handled counter-terrorism operation at Dina Nagar Police Station in a 2015 Gurdaspur attack by killing all three suspected Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists.

Commemoration Day
Every year, 21 October is celebrated as Commemoration Day by the Punjab Police.

Hierarchy
Officers
 * Director General of Police (DGP)
 * Special Director General of Police (Spl DGP)
 * Additional Director General of Police
 * Inspector General of Police (IGP)
 * Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG)
 * Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP)
 * Superintendent of Police (SP)
 * Additional Superintendent of Police
 * Assistant SP (IPS) or Deputy SP (DSP)

Sub-ordinates
 * Inspector of Police
 * Sub-Inspector of Police (SI)
 * Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police (ASI)
 * Head Constable
 * Senior Constable
 * Constable

In popular culture
Members of the Punjab Police have been frequently portrayed in films. Some of the prominent ones are:

Punjabi films

 * ' ' DSP DEV
 * Jatt & Juliet 2 (2013)
 * Baaz (2014)
 * Mahaul Theek Hai (1999)
 * Police in Pollywood (2014)
 * Punjab 1984 (2014)

Hindi films

 * Jo Bole So Nihaal (2005)
 * Udta Punjab (2016)

Praise
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the first Home Minister of India praised the Punjab Police saying,

"I know the difficulties and disasters which overtook the Punjab Police during the period of partition. Your force was depleted terribly and quickly you had to begin from a scratch. After such a partition and the period of communal disturbances a parallel of which is not known, you had to face great difficulties and you have in fact performed a miracle in reorganising your force in such a short time and such a splendid manner."

title: Punjab Police (India)


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Italian battleship Duilio

Duilio (often known as Caio Duilio) was an Italian Andrea Doria-class battleship that served in the Regia Marina during World War I and World War II. She was named after the Roman fleet commander Gaius Duilius. Duilio was laid down in February 1912, launched in April 1913, and completed in May 1916. She was initially armed with a main battery of thirteen 305 mm guns, but a major reconstruction in the late 1930s replaced these with ten 320 mm guns. Duilio saw no action during World War I owing to the inactivity of the Austro-Hungarian fleet during the conflict. She cruised the Mediterranean in the 1920s and was involved in the Corfu incident in 1923.

During World War II, she participated in numerous patrols and sorties into the Mediterranean, both to escort Italian convoys to North Africa and in attempts to catch the British Mediterranean Fleet. In November 1940, the British launched an air raid on Taranto; Duilio was hit by one torpedo launched by a Fairey Swordfish torpedo bomber, which caused significant damage. Repairs lasted some five months, after which the ship returned to convoy escort duties. A fuel shortage immobilized the bulk of the Italian surface fleet in 1942, and Duilio remained out of service until the Italian surrender in September 1943. She was thereafter interned at Malta until 1944, when the Allies permitted her return to Italian waters. She survived the war, and continued to serve in the post-war Italian navy, primarily as a training ship. Duilio was placed in reserve for a final time in 1953; she remained in the Italian navy's inventory for another three years before she was stricken from the naval register in late 1956 and sold for scrapping the following year.

Design

Duilio was 176 m long overall and had a beam of 28 m and a draft of 9.4 m. At full combat load, she displaced up to 24715 MT. The ship had a forecastle deck that extended for the first third of the hull. Her superstructure consisted of a small, armored conning tower aft of the forward pair of main gun turrets and a second tower aft. As built, she was fitted with two tripod masts. She had a crew of 35 officers and 1,198 enlisted men.

She was powered by four Parsons steam turbines, which drove four screw propellers. Steam was provided by eight oil-fired and twelve coal- and oil-burning Yarrow boilers that were ducted into two large and widely spaced funnels. The engines were rated at 30000 shp, which provided a top speed of 21 kn. She had a cruising radius of 4800 nmi at a more economical speed of 10 kn.

The ship was armed with a main battery of thirteen 305 mm 46-caliber guns in three triple turrets and two twin turrets. The secondary battery comprised sixteen 152 mm 45-caliber guns, all mounted in casemates clustered around the forward and aft main battery turrets. Duilio was also armed with thirteen 76 mm 50-caliber guns and six 76-mm anti-aircraft guns. As was customary for capital ships of the period, she was equipped with three submerged 450 mm torpedo tubes.

She was protected with Krupp cemented steel manufactured by U.S. Steel. The belt armor was 254 mm thick and the main deck was 98 mm thick. The conning tower and main battery turrets were protected with 280 mm worth of armor plating.

Modifications
Duilio was extensively rebuilt in 1937–1940 at Genoa. Her forecastle deck was extended further aft, until it reached the mainmast. The stern and bow were rebuilt, increasing the length of the ship to 186.9 m, and the displacement grew to 28882 MT. Her old machinery was replaced with more efficient equipment and her twenty boilers were replaced with eight oil-fired models; the new power plant was rated at 75000 shp and speed increased to 26 kn. The ship's amidships turret was removed and the remaining guns were bored out to 320 mm. Her secondary battery was completely overhauled; the 152 mm guns were replaced with twelve 135 mm guns in triple turrets amidships. The anti-aircraft battery was significantly improved, to include ten 90 mm guns, fifteen 37 mm 54-cal. guns, and sixteen 20 mm guns. Later, during World War II, four more 37 mm guns were installed and two of the 20 mm guns were removed. After emerging from the modernization, Duilio's crew numbered 35 officers and 1,450 enlisted men.

Service history
Duilio was laid down at the Regio Cantieri di Castellammare di Stabia on 24 February 1912. She was launched on 24 April 1913, and completed on 10 May 1916. She saw no action in World War I, given the fact that the Austro-Hungarian fleet, Italy's main naval rival, remained in port for the duration of the conflict. In addition, Admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel, the Italian naval chief of staff, believed that Austro-Hungarian submarines and minelayers could operate too effectively in the narrow waters of the Adriatic. The threat from these underwater weapons to his capital ships was too serious for him to use the fleet in an active way. Instead, Revel decided to implement blockade at the relatively safer southern end of the Adriatic with the battle fleet, while smaller vessels, such as the MAS boats, conducted raids on Austro-Hungarian ships and installations. Meanwhile, Revel's battleships would be preserved to confront the Austro-Hungarian battle fleet in the event that it sought a decisive engagement.

As a result, Duilio only went on four patrols during the war, and was operational for a total of 70 hours. She was based at Taranto starting in November 1918 to April 1919, but during that time, she deployed to Corfu, from 10 November 1918 to 26 January 1919. On 26 April 1919, Duilio was sent to Smyrna to help mediate a dispute over ownership of the area. While there, she had a confrontation with the Greek armored cruiser GREEK CRUISER Georgios Averof, but this was defused when the Greeks landed troops to occupy Smyrna. On 9 June, she was relieved by the old pre-dreadnought battleship ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Roma, allowing her to move to Constantinople.

During her deployment to Turkey, Duilio entered the Black Sea to support the White Russians in the Russian Civil War, from 23 June to 13 July. During this period, she was transferred to the Levant Squadron of the Italian Navy. She returned to Smyrna after completing her deployment to the Black Sea, and remained there until 9 September, when she was relieved by the battleship ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Giulio Cesare. She returned to Taranto on 12 September, and was placed in reserve. Placed back into service in 1920, Duilio went to Albania on 30 June to support the Italian Army contingent occupying the country, and participated in their withdrawal on 5 September. The following year, she was assigned to the Dodecanese Squadron and cruised in the eastern Mediterranean. She returned to Constantinople as part of an Allied fleet from 27 July to 10 November 1921.

During the 1923 Corfu incident with Greece, the Italian Navy, including Duilio, was deployed to occupy the island of Corfu following the murder of Enrico Tellini and four others. Later that year, she escorted the battleship ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Dante Alighieri on a state visit to Spain. A magazine explosion on 8 April 1925 wrecked the No. 3 turret's barbette hoist. The ship went into reserve while repairs were effected in La Spezia, which lasted until April 1928. She underwent refitting at Taranto from 18 March to 15 June 1930. She again went into reserve on 11 August 1932 until 11 August 1933, when she was made the flagship of the Commanding Officer, Reserve Fleet. Starting on 19 March 1937, she was taken to Genoa where an extensive reconstruction began at the Cantieri del Tirreno shipyard. The work was completed on 15 July 1940, at which point she was recommissioned into the 5th Division of the 1st Squadron, based in Taranto.

World War II
Duilio's first wartime patrol took place on 31 August. She and the rest of the fleet sailed to intercept the British battleship HMS Valiant (1914), which was steaming to Alexandria, and a convoy sailing to Malta. The Italian fleet did not have sufficient aerial reconnaissance, which, along with bad weather, prevented the Italians from locating the British forces. They put back in to Taranto on 1 September. Duilio again put to sea on 7 September, in an attempt to catch the British Force H, but the Italian intelligence was faulty, as Force H was in the process of attacking Dakar. Duilio returned to Taranto, where she remained until early November.

Attack at Taranto

On the night of 10–11 November, the British Mediterranean Fleet launched a surprise air raid on the harbor in Taranto. Twenty-one Swordfish torpedo bombers launched from the aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious (R87) attacked the Italian fleet in two waves. They scored one hit on Duilio, three hits on ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Littorio, and one on ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Conte di Cavour. The torpedo hit Duilio on her starboard side; it tore an 11 by hole in the hull and flooded the forward main battery magazines. A water tanker and several smaller craft pushed the battleship aground in shallow water to prevent her from sinking in the harbor. Temporary repairs were effected, and in January 1941, she was refloated and sent to Genoa for permanent repairs, which began on 26 January.

While Duilio was in dock for repairs, the British Force H departed from its normal role as a convoy escort in the western Mediterranean in early February to attack Genoa. Admiral James Somerville's surface ships fired over a thousand shells at the port, and aircraft of the carrier HMS Ark Royal (91) dropped magnetic mines in the harbor. Five ships were sunk, but Duilio was not hit in the attack. During the attack, Duilio's anti-aircraft battery fired some 8,000 rounds at the British spotter aircraft. Repair work was completed by May, and on 16 May she was back in Taranto in the 1st Squadron.

Later service
Duilio, now the flagship of the Italian fleet, sailed on 29 November to cover an Italian convoy to North Africa. She was escorted by the cruiser ITALIAN CRUISER Giuseppe Garibaldi and six destroyers. She sailed again on 13 December, to cover the convoy M41; the Italian fleet was forced to break off the convoy escort after ITALIAN BATTLESHIP Vittorio Veneto was torpedoed. Duilio returned to port on the 14th, and departed to cover the convoy M42 two days later. She was stationed south of Messina with three cruisers and four destroyers. During the convoy operation, British forces attacked, resulting in the First Battle of Sirte, but Duilio's group was too far away to engage the Royal Navy. She returned to Taranto on 19 December. She escorted convoy M43 on 3–6 January 1942, which successfully reached Tripoli unmolested. Convoy T18 followed on 22–5 January, and four of the five transports in the convoy reached Tripoli.

Duilio's next operation was a sortie against the British convoy MW 9 bounded from Alexandria to Malta in February. She departed from Taranto on 14 February with a pair of light cruisers and seven destroyers, but the force could not locate the British ships, and so returned to port. Her mere presence at sea, however, forced the British escort to scuttle the transport Rowallan Castle, previously disabled by German aircraft. On the 21st, she escorted the convoy K7 from Messina and Corfu to Taranto. By this point in 1942, the Italian fleet began to suffer a severe shortage of fuel, which curtailed its operations. The situation was so bad that Duilio had to be placed in reserve and drained of fuel, in order to keep the escort craft operational. She was at Taranto when Italy surrendered to the Allies in September 1943, and on 9 September she was taken to Malta, where she was interned with the rest of the Italian fleet. In June 1944, the Allies allowed Duilio to return to Italian ports; she spent the rest of the war in Taranto, Syracuse, and Augusta.

She survived the war, and continued to serve in the Italian navy; she was the fleet flagship from 1 May 1947 until 10 November 1949, based in Taranto. She was moved to La Spezia in 1953 and removed from active service. Duilio remained there until she was stricken from the naval register on 15 September 1956. She was sold for scrapping the following year.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Italian battleship Duilio


text: Category:888 deaths

title: Category:888 deaths


text: Category:884 deaths

title: Category:884 deaths


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Cochin City Motor Thozhilali Union

Cochin City Motor Thozhilali Union, a trade union of transportation worker in Cochin, India. CCMTU is affiliated to the Centre of Indian Trade Unions. The president of CCMTU is T.S. Shanmughadas.

title: Cochin City Motor Thozhilali Union


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Gabriel Goity

Gabriel Goity (born c. 1960) is an Argentine theatrical, film and television actor. He was born in the small Argentine town of El Palomar.

Biography
Goity left Palomar and moved to Buenos Aires with his family. His grandparents in particular instilled a love in him for drama. His grandfather was a film and theater lover and he would often take Goity to the movies and to watch plays.

He was undecided about what he wanted to become in life until 1981, when he went to see Cyrano de Bergerac in Buenos Aires. He became inspired by the work that actor Ernesto Blanco did on the play, and decided to take acting seriously, becoming a student at the prestigious Conservatorio de Arte Dramático, where some of Argentina's most famous actors have also graduated from.

Goity began acting in film soon after graduating from the conservatory, and he made multiple films in Argentina, often in the role of the melancholic character. Most of his jobs during the earlier stages of his career, however, were on theater plays.

He admits that some of his plays have not been generally seen with good eyes by Argentine theater critics; such was the case of one play, where he starred alongside Cristina Banegas: the play was so criticized, that the producers and cast decided to make mock promotion of it, telling the public to "come see Argentina's worst criticized play" on their newspaper ads.

In the year 2000 Goity appeared in the romantic drama Acrobacias del corazón.

Despite the many movies and plays that Goity had done, it wasn't until 2004 that he became famous, when hired by Telefe to play "Uriarte" in the television Spanish soap opera, "Los Roldán". In "Los Roldán", Goity played a middle-aged man who is in love with a transvestite (but who ignores that his love interest is a man), faces a marriage crisis and opposes "Tito Roldán", head of the family that moves next to Uriarte’s mansion.

Goity shared credits in that soap opera with Florencia De La V, Claribel Medina, Lola Berthet and Miguel Ángel Rodríguez, among others.

Soon after the soap opera ended, Goity said of his newly found popularity that "(he) went from signing one autograph each week to signing fourteen autographs each day!"

Goity is currently starring in a play named "Adentro" ("Inside").

title: Gabriel Goity


text: Category:882 deaths

title: Category:882 deaths


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No. 5 Group RAF

No. 5 Group RAF (5 Gp) was a Royal Air Force bomber group of the Second World War, led during the latter part (February 1943 – 1945) by AVM Sir Ralph Cochrane.

History
Overview

The Group was formed on 1 September 1937, with its headquarters at RAF Mildenhall, in Suffolk. In October the same year, the group headquarters (HQ) was moved to St Vincents Hall in Grantham, Lincolnshire. During the Second World War, 5 Group was concentrated primarily in south Lincolnshire (whereas 1 Group was more concentrated in the north of the county). Most of the 5 Group airfields were around Lincoln, including RAF Scampton.

By the end of the Second World War, the Group had grown to 15 squadrons. During the war, it included a significant proportion of Royal Australian Air Force (or Australian-born RAF) personnel, both aircrews and ground staff, who were concentrated in three "Article XV squadrons": No. 455 Squadron RAAF, No. 463 Squadron RAAF and No. 467 Squadron RAAF. The Group also famously included an elite, multi-national unit: No. 617 Squadron, perhaps better known as "The Dambusters". 617 Sqn was formed in March 1943, and comprised RAF, RAAF, RCAF/Canadian and RNZAF/New Zealand aircrew personnel, who had been hand-picked from squadrons throughout Bomber Command.

Led by 617 Squadron, the Group often engaged in special missions, using new weapons, such as Barnes Wallis's bouncing bombs, and two type of "earthquake bomb": Tallboy and Grand Slam.

1939 – 1945

From 11 September 1939 until 22 November 1940, Air Vice Marshal (AVM) Arthur Harris was in charge. The group started the war with 10 squadrons, all equipped with the Handley Page Hampden. The Group continued to fly only Hampdens until the northern winter of 1940–1941 when it began to convert to the new Avro Manchester.

Early in 1942, the Manchester, was replaced by its four-engined variant: the Avro Lancaster, started to equip the group squadrons. On 17 October 1942, under Operation Robinson, some 86 Lancasters from 5 Group (without fighter escort) flew deep into occupied France to attack the Schneider armaments works at Le Creusot and the associated electrical station at Montchanin. On the night of 22–23 October, 85 Lancasters of the Group attacked Genoa without a single loss. On 24 October, 74 Lancasters delivered a daylight attack on Milan.

In May 1943, 617 Squadron breached two of the Ruhr dams during the famous "Dams Raid": Operation Chastise.

AVM Ralph Cochrane, who was to become influential in terms of Bomber Command tactics, took command of 5 Group in October 1943. Group HQ was moved to Morton Hall, at RAF Swinderby in November 1943,

Using the Stabilizing Automatic Bomb Sight (SABS) and the 12000 lb Tallboy, 617 Sqn achieved a bombing error of only 94 yd at the V Weapon launch site at Abbeville, during December 1943.

During the lead-up to D-day, Cochrane was an advocate of low-level marking, to improve accuracy, and lobbied heavily to be allowed to prove the principle operationally. New systems of target-marking were developed as result and were tested by 617 Squadron – especially its commanding officer, Wing Commander Leonard Cheshire, using the de Havilland Mosquito and North American Mustang. (Cheshire was subsequently awarded the Victoria Cross and taken off active operations.)

The special missions included attacks on the German battleship Tirpitz in late 1944 and the use of the Grand Slam against the strategically-important Bielefeld railway viaduct, in March 1945.

5 Group was disbanded on 15 December 1945.

Notable raids

 * First "thousand-bomber attack" on Cologne on 30 May 1942 (shared)
 * "Dambuster" attack on the dams at the Möhne Reservoir, the Edersee and Sorpedam on 17 May 1943 (without backup)
 * Operation Bellicose, the first ‘shuttle raid’ of the war, against rocket facilities near Lake Constance and shipping at La Spezia Naval Base via Tunisia, in June 1943.
 * Operation Hydra against the Peenemünde Army Research Center on 17 August 1943
 * Attack on Königsberg, 29 August 1944
 * Attack on Braunschweig, 15 October 1944 (without backup)
 * Attack on Heilbronn, 4 December 1944 (without backup)
 * Attack on Dresden on 13 February 1945 (without backup on the first attack)
 * Grand Slam attack on Schildesche viaduct near Bielefeld on 14 March 1945 (without backup)
 * Attack on Würzburg, 16 March 1945 (shared)
 * Attack on the oil refinery at Tønsberg in Southern Norway, the last raid by heavy bombers of Bomber Command in World War II.

Commanders
1918 to 1919
 * 1 April 1918 Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Halahan
 * May 1918 Brigadier-General Charles Laverock Lambe

1937 to 1945
 * 17 August 1937 Air Commodore William Bertram Callaway
 * 11 September 1939 Air Vice-Marshal Arthur Travers Harris
 * 22 November 1940 Air Vice-Marshal Norman Bottomley
 * 12 May 1941 Air Vice-Marshal John Slessor
 * 25 April 1942 Air Vice-Marshal Alec Coryton
 * 28 February 1943 Air Vice-Marshal Ralph Cochrane
 * 16 January 1945 Air Vice-Marshal Hugh Constantine

title: No. 5 Group RAF


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Calcutta Tramways Workers' and Employees' Union

Calcutta Tramways Workers' and Employees' Union is a trade union of workers at the Kolkata tramway. CTW&EU is affiliated to the Centre of Indian Trade Unions. CTW&EU was founded in 1975.


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Shasu

The Shasu (šꜣsw, possibly pronounced šaswə) were Semitic-speaking pastoral nomads in the Southern Levant from the late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age or the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt. They were tent dwellers, organized in clans ruled by a tribal chieftain and were described as brigands active from the Jezreel Valley to Ashkelon, in the Transjordan and in the Sinai. Some of them also worked as mercenaries for Asiatic and Egyptian armies.

Etymology
The name's etymon may be Egyptian šꜣsw, which originally meant "those who move on foot". Levy, Adams, and Muniz report similar possibilities: the Egyptian word šꜣs that means "to wander", and an alternative Semitic triliteral root, שָׁסַס, with the meaning "to plunder".

Land
Though their homeland seems to be in the Transjordan, the Shasu also appear in northern and southern Palestine/Israel, Syria and even Egypt.

Late Bronze
The earliest known reference to the Shasu occurs in a 16th-century BCE list of peoples in the Transjordan region. The first occurrence of Shasu is in the biographical inscription of Admiral Ahmose found in Elkab, who claims to have taken Shasu prisoners while serving Pharaoh Aakheperenre Thutmose II. The Shasu were on his way as he led a punitive expedition north. Giveon (1971) argued the only event that could account for the Shasu' appearance at that date was the expulsion of the Hyksos (around 1550 BC).

In the year 39 of Thutmose III, during his 14th campaign, the pharaoh fought the Shasu before reaching the Retjenu. Shasu are therefore found in southern Canaan. According to the Pharaoh's list, they are more specifically located in the Negev (No. 14 of the list).

The name appears in a list of Egypt's enemies inscribed on column bases at the temple of Soleb built by Amenhotep III. Among the details uncovered at the temple was a reference to a place called "Mount Seir, in the land of Shasu", a name thought to be related to or near to Petra, Jordan.

In the 13th century BCE, copies of the column inscriptions ordered by Seti I or by Ramesses II at Amara, Nubia, six groups of Shasu are mentioned: those of, of , of , of , of , and of. The Shasu continued to dominate the hill country of Cis- and Transjordan. The Shasu had become so powerful during this period that they could even cut off Egypt's northern routes through Palestine and Transjordan for a while. This, in turn, prompted vigorous punitive campaigns by Ramesses II and his son Merneptah. After Egyptian abandonment, Canaanite city-states came under the mercy of the Shasu and the ʿabiru, who were seen as 'mighty enemies'.

The other documents of the 18th dynasty attest to the increasing importance of the Shasu in Canaan, by the large number of prisoners (at Amenhotep II, a list of prisoners gives about half of those of Khor/Kharu), and then by their appointment to Egypt's greatest enemies, like Babylon or Tehenou (Libya).

During the reign of Amenhotep III, a source of the Shasu ("En-Shasus") is mentioned near the biblical city of Dothan, a place is where bedouins brought their flocks. The story of Joseph in the Hebrew Bible also mentions nomads who come to water their animals at a source near Dothan.

During the pharaoh Seti I's campaign, primarily attested as a historic event by the presence of victory steles found at Tel Megiddo and Beth Shean, Shasu live in a fertile, mountainous area between Sileh and Pa-Canaan (perhaps the city of Gaza ?). The introductory text of the relief showing the Shasu under notes: "The Shasu enemies plot a rebellion, their tribal leaders are gathered, standing on the hills of Khor(Kharu), and they are engaged in turmoil and tumult. They don't respect their neighbours, they don't consider the laws of the Palace!" In this campaign, the pharaoh confronts the ʿApiru around Megiddo.

The Shasu would eventually be eclipsed by the Sea Peoples.

Shasu of Yhw

Two Egyptian texts, one dated to the period of Amenhotep III (14th century BCE), the other to the age of Ramesses II (13th century BCE), refer to, i.e. "The Land of the Shasu yhwꜣ", in which ' (also rendered as ') or Yahu, is a toponym.

Regarding the name, Michael Astour observed that the "hieroglyphic rendering corresponds very precisely to the Hebrew Tetragrammaton YHWH, or Yahweh, and antedates the hitherto oldest occurrence of that divine name – on the Mesha Stele – by over five hundred years." K. Van Der Toorn concludes: "By the 14th century BC, before the cult of Yahweh had reached Israel, groups of Edomites and Midianites worshipped Yahweh as their god."

Donald B. Redford has argued that the earliest Israelites, semi-nomadic highlanders in central Canaan mentioned on the Merneptah Stele at the end of the 13th century BCE, are to be identified as a Shasu enclave. Since later Biblical tradition portrays Yahweh "coming forth from Seʿir", the Shasu, originally from Moab and northern Edom/Seʿir, went on to form one central element in the amalgam that would constitute the "Israel" which later established the Kingdom of Israel. Per his analysis of the Amarna letters, Anson Rainey concluded that the description of the Shasu best fits that of the early Israelites. If this identification is correct, these Israelites/Shasu would have settled in the uplands in small villages with buildings similar to contemporary Canaanite structures towards the end of the 13th century BCE.

Objections exist to this proposed link between the Israelites and the Shasu, given that a group of people in relief at Karnak, which has been suggested as depicting the victory over the Israelites, are not described or depicted as Shasu. Frank J. Yurco and Michael G. Hasel would distinguish the Shasu in Merneptah's Karnak reliefs from the people of Israel since they wear different clothing and hairstyles and are determined differently by Egyptian scribes. The Shasu are usually depicted hieroglyphically with a determinative indicating a land, not a people; the most frequent designation for the "foes of Shasu" is the hill-country determinative. Thus, they are differentiated from Israel, which is determined as a people, though not necessarily as a socio-ethnic group; and from (the other) Canaanites, who are defending the fortified cities of Ashkelon, Gezer, and Yenoam. Lawrence Stager also objected to identifying Merneptah's Shasu with Israelites, since the Shasu are shown dressed differently from the Israelites, who are dressed and hairstyled as Canaanites. Scholars point out that Egyptian scribes tended to bundle up "rather disparate groups of people within a single artificially unifying rubric."

The usefulness of the determinatives has been called into question, though, as in Egyptian writings, including the Merneptah Stele, determinatives are used arbitrarily. Gösta Werner Ahlström countered Stager's objection by arguing that the contrasting depictions are because the Shasu were the nomads, while the Israelites were sedentary, and added: "The Shasu that later settled in the hills became known as Israelites because they settled in the territory of Israel". Moreover, the hill-country determinative is not always used for Shasu, with the Egyptologist Thomas Schneider connecting references to "Yah", believed to be a short form of the Tetragrammaton, with the writings in the Shasu-sequence at Soleb and Amarah-West. In an Egyptian Book of the Dead from the late 18th or 19th dynasty, Schneider identifies a Northwest Semitic theophoric name ʾadōnī-rō‘ē-yāh, meaning "My lord is the shepherd of Yah", which would be the first documented occurrence of the god Yahweh in a theophoric form.

On the other hand, Lester L. Grabbe offers a synthesis of hypotheses, arguing that while the Israelites were a Canaanite people, Shasu contribution cannot be excluded. The highlands were largely uninhabited in the Late Bronze Age, and the settlers would have included former pastoralists, farmers moving to less settled areas, migrants from outside Canaan and people in general seeking a new land and life. According to Grabbe, archaeology suggests that those who settled in the hillcountry had a pastoralist background, but one in which they lived near settled communities, perhaps forming a symbiotic relationship with the agrarian communities whereby they traded their animals for grain.

title: Shasu


text:
Talk:Big Bigger Biggest: Greatest Hits

Fair use rationale for Image:Mrbig-bigbiggerbiggest1.jpg
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title: Talk:Big Bigger Biggest: Greatest Hits


text:
Powerloom Workers Union

Powerloom Workers Union, a trade union of powerloom workers in Andhra Pradesh, India. PWU is affiliated to the All India Trade Union Congress. The president of PWU is S. Mallesham.

title: Powerloom Workers Union


text:
Bakar, Croatia

Bakar (Buccari; Szádrév) is a town in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in western Croatia. The population of the town was 8,279 according to the 2011 Croatian census, including 1,473 in the titular settlement. Ninety percent of the population declared themselves Croats by ethnicity. The largest ethnic minority are the Serbs with 2.91% of the population. The old part of Bakar is situated on a hill overlooking the Bay of Bakar. Bakar is the Croatian word for "copper".

Bakar is a port for bulk cargo and used to be known for its industrial complex that included a coke factory, which produced a considerable amount of pollution. Bakar's coke factory was closed in 1995 and the area's pollution has subsided significantly. The historical core of Bakar was registered as a cultural monument in 1968.

Coat of arms
Bakar was granted its coat of arms and town privileges in 1799 by Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. The coat of arms was in the artistic style typical for the period, with a cartouche with large landscapes and ornamentation around the shield within a circular inscription.

The shield of the coat of arms features a red-and-white checkered top or "chief", with three local gray stone castles on green hills in the middle, and a black anchor on orange at the bottom.

Recognizable buildings

 * Turkish house: built by an unknown architect, possibly in the 14th century, this peculiar building resembles Ottoman architecture. Following its 1965 reconstruction, the house served as an artistic atelier.
 * Roman house: former monastery, built in the 18th century
 * Parish church of St. Andrew the Apostle: originally built in the 12th century and destroyed in 1323 by earthquake. In the Middle Ages its catacombs were used for wealthy people to hide from plague that passed the city. It is the third largest late Baroque church in Croatia.
 * Kaštel (Castel): A castle built in the 16th century by the order of Emperor Ferdinand I and used as a protection against the Turks. It has three kitchens, two dungeons, little chapel of St. Michael, and many other rooms.

History

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Bakar was a district capital in the Modruš-Rijeka County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.

World War I
In February 1918, during World War I, Gabriele D'Annunzio and Costanzo Ciano took part in a daring, if militarily irrelevant, naval raid on the harbour of Bakar (known in Italy as La beffa di Buccari, lit. "The Bakar Mockery"), helping to raise the spirits of the Italian public.

After WWI, from the end of 1920, Bakar was one of the major points of entry of thousands of Russian refugees, arriving in the Kingdom of SHS following the end of the Russian Civil War in the European part of the former Russian Empire, mostly from Crimea, after the final defeat of White armies under general Wrangel there in November 1920.

World War II
During WW II, in Bakar was an Italian concentration camp, where civil population from Province of Ljubljana, as well as Croats and Serbs was interned. It the peak, there was 893 internees.

Trivia
In 1972 director Radley Metzger filmed his movie Score in Bakar, Croatia.

title: Bakar, Croatia


text:
Andhra Pradesh Anganwadi Workers and Helpers Union

Andhra Pradesh Anganwadi Workers and Helpers Union, a trade union of Anganwadi workers and helpers in Andhra Pradesh, India. Anganwadi workers and helpers are workers engaged by the government to work in the state operated Integrated Child Development Services which cater to the health and pre-school education needs of 0- to 6-year-old children; as also the health and nutrition needs of pregnant women, nursing mothers and adolescent girls. All 0- to 6-year-old children, all pregnant women, nursing mothers and adolescent girls in India are entitled to access to this Service. APAW&HU is affiliated to the Centre of Indian Trade Unions. The president of the union is B. Lalitamma and the secretary P. Roja.


text: Big Rigs:Over the Road Racing

title: Big Rigs:Over the Road Racing


text:
The Discworld Mapp

The Discworld Mapp is an atlas that contains a large, fold out map of the Discworld fictional world, drawn by Stephen Player to the directions of Terry Pratchett and Stephen Briggs. It also contains a short booklet relating the adventures and explorers of the Disc and their discoveries. It was originally conceived as the second in a series of three maps, along with The Streets of Ankh-Morpork and A Tourist Guide to Lancre. For this work, Briggs became known as the "cartographer of Discworld." A fourth atlas, Death's Domain, was added to the series.

After its publication, Pratchett was surprised to learn that British bookshops were displaying it in their nonfiction sections because, they argued, it was a real map, though of a fictional place.

title: The Discworld Mapp


text:
Geelong West, Victoria

Geelong West is a commercial and residential suburb of Geelong, Victoria, Australia. When Geelong was founded, the area was known as Kildare but its name was changed to Geelong West in 1875. The main street is Pakington Street. At the 2016 census, Geelong West had a population of 6,966.

History
Ashby was once a suburb of Geelong located in the area of Geelong West, west of Latrobe Terrace, between Aberdeen Street and Church Street. By 1850, that area had become known as Little Scotland, and Kildare. At that time, Ashby referred to the area between Autumn Street and Waratah Street.

In 1875, the entire Ashby area was renamed Geelong West. The Ashby state school, which had only opened that year, had its name changed to Geelong West. In 1988, as part of Australia's bicentennial celebrations, the school changed its name back to Ashby. A Post Office named Geelong West opened on 1 July 1865, but was replaced and renamed Geelong North Railway Station in 1886. On 1 April 1887, the Geelong West office reopened near its present location. In 1960, Shandeen Post Office opened near the corner of Aberdeen Road and Shannon Avenue.

From 1912 until 1956, Geelong West was served by an electric tramway service in Pakington Street, after which the service was replaced by buses run by Benders Buslines.

The M. Donaghy & Sons ropeworks was located in Pakington Street. The site has been redeveloped into a shopping centre, with a Woolworths (formerly Safeway) supermarket and other shops.

Heritage listed sites
Geelong West contains a number of heritage listed sites, including:

 * 22 Pakington Street, Harp Inn
 * 95 Pakington Street, Donaghy's Rope Walk
 * 233 Pakington Street, Reformed Church of Geelong
 * 9 Gertrude Street, Residence
 * 202 Aberdeen Street, Shearers Arms Hotel
 * 127 Elizabeth Street, St Elmo

Governance
Geelong West Borough was established in 1875, and was proclaimed a Town in 1922. It absorbed the Moorpanyal riding part of Corio Shire in 1926, and was proclaimed a City in 1929.

In 1993 Geelong West City was amalgamated with part of Bannockburn Shire, part of Barrabool Shire, Bellarine Rural City, Corio Shire, Geelong City, Newtown City & South Barwon City to form Greater Geelong City.

Notable people
Journalist and publisher J. F. Archibald was born in Geelong West in 1856. A memorial bust was erected on the corner of Weddell Road and Church St in 1956.

Pako Festa
The Pako Festa is an annual festival held in Pakington Street, Geelong West each year around late February. In 2006 it was held on 25 February. The festival is held to promote cultural diversity and show appreciation for the artwork and fashion designed by citizens of the Geelong area.

Sport
The suburb has an Australian rules football team competing in the Geelong Football League and a team competing in the Geelong & District Football League.

title: Geelong West, Victoria


text:
Drumcondra, Victoria

Drumcondra is a wealthy residential bayside suburb of Geelong, Victoria, Australia, overlooking Corio Bay. It is the smallest suburb in Geelong and one of the smallest in Victoria. It was named after Drumcondra, which is an inner suburb of Dublin, Ireland. At the, Drumcondra had a population of 560.

Its boundaries are the Melbourne Road, Glenleith Avenue, The Esplanade and Bell Parade. It is classified as a "block" with its main road being Beach Parade, with only 9 streets in total and around 200 houses. Some of Geelong's most-prized and valuable real estate is located along here.

The area was established with the first house built on the site of 5 Glenleith Avenue in April 1912. The houses then were continued to be built on that street in that year, making 2012 their 100th anniversary.

The mansion Lunan House is located in the suburb, built of Barrabool sandstone for wool merchant James Strahan in 1849. In later years it became a teachers college, before being converted back to a private house. The house is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register.

title: Drumcondra, Victoria


text:
Hepatomegaly

Hepatomegaly is enlargement of the liver. It is a non-specific medical sign, having many causes, which can broadly be broken down into infection, hepatic tumours, and metabolic disorder. Often, hepatomegaly presents as an abdominal mass. Depending on the cause, it may sometimes present along with jaundice.

Signs and symptoms
The patient may experience many symptoms, including weight loss, poor appetite, and lethargy; jaundice and bruising may also be present.

Causes
Among the causes of hepatomegaly are the following:

Infective
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
 * Glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis)
 * Hepatitis (A, B, C)
 * Liver abscess (pyogenic abscess)
 * Malaria
 * Amoeba infections
 * Hydatid cyst
 * Leptospirosis
 * Actinomycosis

Neoplastic

 * Metastatic tumours
 * Hepatocellular carcinoma
 * Myeloma
 * Leukemia
 * Lymphoma

Biliary

 * Primary biliary cirrhosis.
 * Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Metabolic

 * Haemochromatosis
 * Cholesteryl ester storage disease
 * Porphyria
 * Wilson's disease
 * Niemann–Pick disease
 * Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
 * Glycogen storage disease (GSD)
 * Glycogenic hepatopathy (Mauriac syndrome)

Drugs (including alcohol)

 * Alcohol use disorder
 * Drug-induced hepatitis

Congenital

 * Hemolytic anemia
 * Polycystic liver disease
 * Sickle cell disease
 * Hereditary fructose intolerance

Others
}}
 * Hunter syndrome (spleen affected)
 * Zellweger's syndrome
 * Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
 * Granulomatous: Sarcoidosis

Mechanism
The mechanism of hepatomegaly consists of vascular swelling, inflammation (infectious in origin), and deposition of (1) non-hepatic cells or (2) increased cell contents (such as that due to iron in hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis and fat in fatty liver disease).

Diagnosis
Suspicion of hepatomegaly indicates a thorough medical history and physical examination, wherein the latter typically includes an increased liver span.

On abdominal ultrasonography, the liver can be measured by the maximum dimension on a sagittal plane view through the midclavicular line, which is normally up to 18 cm in adults. It is also possible to measure the cranio-caudal dimension, which is normally up to 15 cm in adults. This can be measured together with the ventro-dorsal dimension (or depth), which is normally up to 13 cm. Also, the caudate lobe is enlarged in many diseases. In the axial plane, the caudate lobe should normally have a cross-section of less than 0.55 of the rest of the liver.

Other ultrasound studies have suggested hepatomegaly as being defined as a longitudinal axis > 15.5 cm at the hepatic midline, or > 16.0 cm at the midclavicular line.

Workup
Blood tests should be done, especially liver-function tests, which give a good impression of the patient's broad metabolic picture.

A complete blood test can help distinguish intrinsic liver disease from extrahepatic bile-duct obstruction. An ultrasound of the liver can reliably detect a dilated biliary-duct system, it can also detect the characteristics of a cirrhotic liver.

Computerized tomography (CT) can give accurate anatomical information for a complete diagnosis.

Treatment
Treatment of hepatomegaly varies with the cause, so accurate diagnosis is the first concern. In auto-immune liver disease, prednisone and azathioprine may be used for treatment.

In lymphoma the treatment options include single-agent (or multi-agent) chemotherapy and regional radiotherapy, and surgery is an option in specific situations. Meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine is used in some cases.

In primary biliary cirrhosis, ursodeoxycholic acid helps the bloodstream remove bile, which may increase survival.

title: Hepatomegaly


text: Category:823 births

title: Category:823 births


text:
User talk:Dionyziz

Need Help
The article vanavsos is up for deletion. Can you please help in this regard. Second, I am having difficulty with Wikinfo:Classical definition of republic and am having trouble on Talk:Republic because they won't allow an external link. It was deleted off of Wikipedia, and I believe it needs to come back on. A serious mistake in deleting this article. Thanks for your time.WHEELER 18:30, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for asking so nicely, but I don't see a point in helping you regarding Talk:Republic. Quoting from the talk page: "See, you are just jealous. Compare your article republic with my article, Wikinfo:Classical definition of republic [...]. You can't even begin to write an article like I can." Well, as far as I know, Wikipedia is not about one writting a better article than the other, rather than all of us contributing to it in order to achive the best result. So, you'd better try to help build a better wikipedia by contributing in articles, instead of arguing all the time about certain little things (like an external link), IMHO. Sorry if I'm being offensive, but that's what I think!... Good luck. dionyziz 20:01, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

Wikiversity
I saw your name on the Wikiversity participant's list, you may be very experienced in mathematics already, but I'm trying out instructing a Calculus course if you're interested, go to Wikiveristy, check out the mathematics department, pure mathematics, and in the course list is included Calculus. Fephisto 22:37, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

Macedonians vs. Macedonian Slavs
Dear Dionyziz, you claim that you would allow for Macedonians to call themselves as they like but that for the sake of clarity, they should call themselves Macedonian Slavs. Have you considered the following two possibilities: 1. The present article "Macedonian Slavs" could also be titled "Macedonians (nationality)" and all articles that contain the different applications of the term "Macedonians" would have modifiers such as "nation", "geographic" or "Ancient" to make distinction; 2. The term "Macedonian Slavs" is not clear on its own because of all the Slavic people living in the region who do not consider themselves as Macedonians and because the Slavic nature of its own is disputed. In addition, I would like to underline that research has shown that the use of the term "Macedonians" in international relations as well as on the web refers to "People X" in most of the cases whereas the term "Macedonian Slavs" is outdated as of 2001. For more information, consider the various sources displayed on the talk page for the appropriate article. Clarity is, therefore, an argument that needs to be reconsidered. Thank you for your attention. Ivica83 12:30, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Hello Ivica83. I can see your point when you say that the article "Macedonian Slavs" could also be titled "Macedonians (nationality)" for clarity. This is an interesting PoV, and you are right to say that the term "Macedonians" usually refers to "People X" in most of the cases. However, at the poll, as you can see by my arguments I am simply voting against the will of several Wikipedia contributors for the article to be renamed to "Macedonians". The current article about Macedonians is a really nice article IMHO with more or less a NPOV and shouldn't be replaced by an article about Macedonians in terms of people X; instead, it should stay as-is to clearly show the propaganda by all sides regarding the Macedonian matter. Instead of the article being named Macedonian Slavs, it could as well be renamed to Macedonians (nationality); I am simply against it being renamed to Macedonians. I have now added a comment at the comments section making this clear. --dionyziz 15:39, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC).

POLL
There is a poll in the talk page of Macedonian Slavs article here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Macedonian_Slavs#The_poll

Some people are lobbying for changing the article's name to Macedonian without any qualifier. As it seems, a number of these people come from the Macedonian/Macedonian Slav wikipedia project. It seemed only fair to attract the attention of people possibly from the other side of the story. I hope that this message is of interest to you, if not please accept my apologies. Dstork 02:35, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)Newcomer 05:45, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Odysseas"

Wikipedians in Greece
Hi, I understand that you are either Greek Wikipedian or a Wikipedian living in/with an interest in Greece.

The category page Wikipedians/Greece has been replaced with Category:Wikipedians in Greece but your name still appears on the old list. You might considering moving it. You might also consider adding adding Template:Greekwiki to your user page.

A Greek Wikipedians' notice board has been in existence for some time but is terribly underutilised. It would certainly benefit from your involvement.--Damac 12:14, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks :-) dionyziz 18:08, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

RE: WikiProject Anime and manga participantion
You are listed at a participant of WikiProject Anime and manga. A recent change in how participants are listed — using a category — will result in your inadvertent removal from the project. If you wish to continue your participantion, please check the the project page for details on how to add yourself back to the project. --TheFarix 00:26, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Dijkstra and running time notation
Hello, I noticed your interesting edits on Dijkstra's algorithm. Please keep in mind that, in usual notation, V is a set of vertices and E is a set of edges; therefore, the O-notation cannot be written the way you are suggesting. For example, O( $$V^2$$ ) has no particular meaning since V is a set. We usually either define two variables, m and n, to measure the size of our graph:

m = |V| n = |E|

However, it is sometimes handy to present asymptotic running-time notation in terms of h(|V|, |E|)-type functions. For example, the running time for Dijkstra using Fibonacci heaps would be O(|E| + |V|lg|V|). I have modified the article using this notation.

--dionyziz 12:26, 15 March 2006 (UTC).

 * I used as a reference "Introduction to Algorithms, Second Edition", Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest and Clifford Stein, MIT Press 1. I understand what you say, and it's an interesting observation. But in the Analysis of the algorithm, and I quote

 * "If the graph is sufficently sparse-in particular, $E = o(V^2/log(V))$-it is practical to implement the min-prioriry queue with a binary min-heap."

 * And it goes on, using this as standard notation for all algorithms. Now my doubt is: is it just a matter of syntax, agree on common notation, or is it that the idea behind has some little differences? Federico Pistono  ✆   ✍  17:49, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

 * "Introdocution to Algorithms, Second Edition", please refer to page 526:
 * "In describing the running time of a graph algorithm on a given graph G = (V, E), we usually measure the size of the input in terms of the number of vertices |V| and the number of edges |E| of the graph. That is, there are two relevant parameteres describing the size of the input, not just one. We adopt a common notational convention for these parameters. Inside asymptotic notation (such as O-notation or Θ-notation), and only'' inside such notation, the symbol V denotes |V| and the symbol E denotes |E|. For example, we might say, "the algorithm runs in time O(VE)," meaning that the algorithm runs in time O(|V||E|). This convention makes the running-time formulas easier to read, witrhout risk of ambiguity."
 * The question is: Should we adopt this convention in Wikipedia? I believe yes, but if we do, we should mention it somewhere. --dionyziz 09:13, 16 March 2006 (UTC).

 * I see. I had the feeling that I had read that part some time ago, but I did not manage to find it in $$O(1)$$ time ( ^_^ ), therefore eventually I gave up. I think we should insert this specific in the main article of the O notation, and use it as a standard for all the relative articles, in order to create a simple and fluid understanding of the whole argument for the reader. Furthermore, it is necessary to have an handy link to the spec, something like further information about the O notation (indented) in each one of the article that use such a notation. Federico Pistono  ✆   ✍  12:59, 16 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Please see Big_O_notation --dionyziz 14:41, 16 March 2006 (UTC).

Vandalism?
Dionyziz, I'd like to debate your comment on reverting my changes to Template:User vb-4 ("vandalism by Sohum"). I would not think that this is vandalism, as many userboxes utilise humour, (e.g. Template:user maybe ET, Template:user AIM-able). If you suggest that programming languages should not have such frivolity, I would point you to Template:user sql-N. I was trying to add a little bit more humour to the pages of expert VB programmers. Sohum 06:06, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

banikas
i wrote a stub about banikas. if you know sthg more pls contribute--Greece666 06:47, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I don't. --dionyziz 21:01, 24 July 2006 (UTC)

Blogcube UBX
I added a Blogcube UBX to your user page. Just letting you know. --Anthony5429 01:30, 20 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Wonderful! Thanks :) --dionyziz 00:41, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Hey hon
It's so great that you're a user of WP! JSIN 09:50, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

MA Userbox
Today, there was a merger of Category:Martial Artist Wikipedians into Category:Wikipedian martial artists. This resulted in a userbox being added to the category. This userbox is available to you. TonyTheTiger 20:14, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks =)    dionyziz 22:58, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

Check these out
Dancing Links Algorithm X

--77.49.2.14 19:29, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

Ninjutsu
I see you have now removed the schools section from the article to the bujinkan one which seems more appropriate as not all ninjutsu is related to the bujiukan hence my removal. The qualifier is still relevent as the source is from the bujinkan so it is their pov not a fact. Hope that clarifies the reason for my edits --Nate1481(t/c) 14:38, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

You have to much info about you!
Someone might rape you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Moldy912 (talk • contribs) 01:15, 17 February 2008 (UTC) A hah! Very nice. I will definately be one of those people loving you and not raping you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Moldy912 (talk • contribs) 01:21, 17 February 2008 (UTC)

Oh! are you saying I don't post constructive edits and that I should???
Because if you are, tis ok with me. Moldy912 (talk) 00:31, 18 February 2008 (UTC) Hah, I am talking about when you said that you hope to see me edit a page constructively. I was pretending to take that into offense. You don't work for wikipedia do you? You sound very formal. I am a normal guy, not your boss. Loosen up in your speech! Moldy912 (talk) 00:36, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

SWOT landscape
RE: SWOT-landscape: I think you misunderstood. This edit is from the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) and shows a new method. VINNOVA is non-profit and governmental body Bests regards Tord Beding —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.198.161.217 (talk) 01:00, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Hi and thanks for your reply,
 * In order to stimulate innovativeness VINNOVA makes this new visualization technology available. The costs of using this new method is a self-cost :i.e. no profit involved. VINNOVA could be seen as a non-profit third party organization. Please check:
 * http://www.vinnova.se/misc/menyer-och-funktioner/Global-meny/In-English/
 * Will you please let me make this information available?
 * Bests
 * Tord Beding —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.198.161.217 (talk) 01:23, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Typical vb6 session.png)
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Template:Dionyziz DeleteMe
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Template:Dionyziz DeleteMe, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Template:Dionyziz DeleteMe is a test page. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Template:Dionyziz DeleteMe, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that '''this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. To see the user who deleted the page, click here''' CSDWarnBot (talk) 22:10, 1 October 2008 (UTC)

Content-free criticism of my edit
What, exactly, does “suspicious edits” mean? Can you say what was wrong with my edit or not? —Michael Z. 2008-11-01 15:57 z

 * Okay, Cheers. 225's edit to Patton tank looked like a good-faith addition to me—I only improved the wording.  Regards. —Michael Z. 2008-11-01 17:51 z

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Dionyziz! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to insure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 21:24, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Alex Frost -

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Proposed deletion of Dimitris Fotakis

The article Dimitris Fotakis has been proposed for deletion because it appears to have no references. Under Wikipedia policy, this newly created biography of a living person will be deleted unless it has at least one reference to a reliable source that directly supports material in the article.

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Greek help needed
Hello Dionyziz, I'm contacting you because we need some Greek translators to help with the deployment of the new VisualEditor on el.wikipedia. There are help pages, user guides, and description pages that need translating, as well as the interface itself. The translating work is going on over on MediaWiki: Translation Central. I also need help with a personal message for the Greek Wikipedians. If you are able to help in any way, either reply here, or head over to TranslationCentral. Thanks for your time, PEarley (WMF) (talk) 18:29, 22 July 2013 (UTC)

 * Hi. I can help. What are the next steps? --dionyziz (talk) 15:45, 26 July 2013 (UTC).
 * Dionyziz, great to have you on board. Here are the priority pages, simply click "translate this page" at the top to get started:
 * the User Guide, Greek is 75% complete.
 * FAQ, Greek is 77% complete. Any progress you can make with these two will help el.wiki users get up to date on VE. It would be great to get them finished off. Let me know if you have any questions/issues. PEarley (WMF) (talk) 16:38, 26 July 2013 (UTC)

File:Symbole-jp.png listed for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Core.onion

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RfC: New helper policy
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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File permission problem with File:Dionyziz-2009.jpg
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Speedy deletion nomination of International Financial Cryptography Association

A tag has been placed on International Financial Cryptography Association requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G12 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page appears to be an unambiguous copyright infringement. This page appears to be a direct copy from https://forum.bits.media/index.php?/topic/3913-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC/. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images taken from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted. You may use external websites or other printed material as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences. This part is crucial: say it in your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing.

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COI
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Financial Cryptography and Data Security moved to draftspace
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Draft:Financial Cryptography and Data Security concern
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Your draft article, Draft:Financial Cryptography and Data Security

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title: User talk:Dionyziz


text:
Dalby, Lund Municipality

Dalby is a locality and short-lived (11th century) former Latin Catholic diocese situated in Lund Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 6732 inhabitants in 2019. It is located about 10 km East-southeast of Lund, and about 20 km East-northeast of Malmö.

Dalby was a municipality up until 1974, when it became part of Lund municipality. Between 1941 and 1954, Dalby was also a municipal urban area ("municipalsamhälle").

The Dalby Söderskog national park is situated just northwest of Dalby.

The old quarry Stenbrottet is located a couple of kilometres east of Dalby. It's a popular place for swimming and fishing and for couples to become engaged.

Bishopric
Dalby Church is one of the oldest stone churches in Scandinavia, for which the cathedral in Hildesheim served as a model. In 1060 the Danish King Svend Estridsen initiated the creation of a religious centre in Dalby, and possibly also constructed his royal residence there. From 1060, Dalby was a bishopric, on territory split off from the Roman Catholic Diocese of Roskilde, under the bishop Egino, appointed by the German Archbishop Adalbert of Bremen. But as early as 1066 the English anti-bishop Henrik was enthroned in Lund, probably elected by the people and the clergy. In 1085 Canute the Saint decided to build a new cathedral in Lund and in 1104 Lund became the archbishopric over Scandinavia.

Another source holds the diocese was established in 1048 and suppressed in 1060.

Until the Protestant Reformation in Denmark in 1536, Dalby retained some importance as the site of an Augustinian monastery and a demesne of the Danish Crown.

Notable people

 * Nils Grandelius, chess grandmaster
 * Fredrik Önnevall, journalist.

Sources and external links

 * GCatholic

title: Dalby, Lund Municipality