text:
Talk:Novarupta

Info
Vital information on this article about it's formation and height were not on there so I just added them in. - (Erebus555 16:38, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC))

Valid claims? Numbers needed.
The article says: Only one eruption in historic times, Greece's Santorini in about 1500 B.C., displaced more volcanic matter than Novarupta.

I highly doubt that claim is factual. What about Tambora? Some numbers to back up the claim would be nice. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 131.107.0.77 (talk • contribs) 20:56, April 17, 2005 (UTC)

Another issue with claims:

The article claims that "The eruption is said to have had an effect on the level of the Nile River." However the cited reference nowhere says this. The cited reference is about eruptions affecting the rainfall in the Nile valley in ancient times, and doesn't mention Novarupta at all. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.243.179.223 (talk) 23:54, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

Proposed Merger
I beleive that the article (stub) 1912 Novarupta eruption is (will) be redundant with Novarupta and as such the content from 1912 Novarupta eruption should be merged into this article and the stub removed. --Burntnickel 11:20, 2 October 2006 (UTC)

Novarupta vs. Mt. Pinatubo
The Mt. Pinatubo article says it is the largest eruption of the 20th century; both can't be right!R Young {yak ł talk } 06:21, 7 April 2007 (UTC)

 * According to "http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/Gases/pinatubo.html" Mt. Pinatubo is number 3 at 5 cubic km and Novarupta ejected 21 cubic km "http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Alaska/description_1912_eruption_novarupta.html". --Burntnickel 13:40, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

I have seen many sources that state that pinatubo was the biggest volcanic eruption since krakatoa and it erupted around 17 cubic km of material and that novarupta or Mt. Katami as it's also known erupted around 15 cubic km. Wiki235 11:04, 14 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Does anyone have any references for any of these? There seem to be a lot of conflicting claims.  (VolcanoWorld claims 30 cubic km!) For what its worth, the Novarupta vent and Mt. Katmai are about six miles apart. There seems to be confusion over the assosication of the names with the eruption and whether to consider Novarupta a separate volcano or just a separate vent of Mt. Karami. (The Smithsonian lists them as separate volcanos "http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1102-18-", and claims Novarupta as the largest of the 20th century). --Burntnickel 15:17, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

 * All of my books refer to the large 1912 Katmai eruption, as do historical newspaper references, and none of them mention Novarupta.Eregli bob (talk) 16:53, 29 May 2011 (UTC)

We now have reached the point where the Novarupta page and the Pinatubo page each claim to be the second-largest 20th century eruption in at least one location.

Lava Dome vs. Caldera
I'm not sure what references include a caldera for Novarupta. From what I have read Novarupta usually refers to the vent, the eruption and the dome plugging the vent. Certainly there was a caldera forming collapse due to the eruption at Katmai, or is there a reference that considers the subsidence of the area surrounding the vent to be a caldera? --Burntnickel 11:05, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I had always thought as you did, that Novarupta refers to the vent and lava dome only, and not any caldera. Hence my initial change to the article (getting rid of caldera, putting in lava dome).  But a quick glance at the GVP ref showed that "The face of Falling Mountain, behind Novarupta dome, was sheared off by a 2-km-wide collapse around the Novarupta vent" and "a 2-km-wide area of subsidence NW of Trident volcano. The NE side of the Falling Mountain lava dome of the Trident volcanic cluster, as well as Broken Mountain and Baked Mountain, was removed by collapse of the Novarupta depression, which is marked by radial and scalloped arcuate fractures."  So I decided to go with the "Caldera with lava dome" phrasing, and added both categories to the article.

 * This is another article in need of massive expansion. The largest eruption of the 20th century, and with only a couple of paragraphs devoted to it?  This is a good candidate to quickly turn into a GA, and maybe even an FA eventually, since so many good refs are available.  --Seattle Skier (talk) 19:59, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

 * After reviewing some additional references I agree with the addition of caldera. There is quite a bit of information avaliable on this eruption and as you say it shouldn't take a lot of effort to improve the article quality.  I wish I had the time to devote to it. When (if) I get some time I'll take a stab at improving it.  --Burntnickel 10:56, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Just wanted to note that if a Wiki editor does not include the primary morphological volcano type as listed on the GVP site, they should probably have some extremely new reference to support it. Volcano type determinations are made by an experienced volcanologist who monitors and evaluates the professional literature very closely (24 references for Novarupta are listed that directly relate to the data included on the GVP site). For Novarupta, the primary type is Caldera, with Lava Dome (look under Synonyms and Subfeatures) as a secondary type. Multiple types are very common. More discussion about types is on the GVP Volcanoes Data Criteria page.GVP Webmaster 14:45, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Is this a disagreement with the type listed for Novarupta or just a general comment? (The currently listed type is caldera with lava dome.) --Burntnickel 15:12, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Just a comment for the further education of those interested in the issue. No problem with how you guys sorted it out for this volcano.GVP Webmaster 13:14, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

Bringing to B
It would be nice if this article was expanded. It surprised me when I saw that something rather significant had such a short article. Thanks,  Meldshal42 Hit me What I've Done 19:25, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

and i love dogs :) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.130.177.223 (talk) 17:02, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Aside from dogs, I have take a stab at cleaning up the article and leaving it in better shape to be expanded. --Burntnickel (talk) 23:08, 14 September 2008 (UTC)

the Katmai??
According to the article:"located on the Alaska Peninsula in the Katmai..." what the heck is "the Katmai"?? Katmai National Park? How about "Located on the Alaska Penninsula." Senor Cuete (talk) 23:35, 2 November 2008 (UTC)Senor Cuete

 * Changed to Katmai National Park and Preserve, which is where the link went anyway. -- Spireguy (talk) 02:37, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

Bad Arithmetic
According to the article: "the 60 hour long eruption expelled 13 to 15 cubic kilometers (3.1 to 3.6 cu mi) of magma, 30 times as much as the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.[3][4][5] The erupted magma resulted in more than 17 cubic kilometers (4.1 cu mi) of air fall and approximately 11 cubic kilometers (2.6 cu mi) of ash-flow tuff[6]". So 4.1 cubic miles of air fall and 2.6 cubic miles of adds up to only 3.1 to 3.6 cubic miles? How about 17 cubic kilometers of air fall and 11 cubic kilometers of of ash flows adding up to 13 to 15 cubic kilometers? Senor Cuete (talk) 23:42, 2 November 2008 (UTC)Senor Cuete

Presumably magma expands when it explodes and is deposited as the significantly lower-density materials ash and tuff. I checked the references, including [6], which specifically combines all of these numbers. So it's OK. -- Spireguy (talk) 02:40, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

Novarupta is not an individual volcano.
It is a vent of Katmai volcano. It is at Katmai where the caldera is. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.248.183.90 (talk) 15:47, 1 July 2009 (UTC)

Russian name?
Why is the Russian name given? What is the Russian connection?—208.54.37.191 (talk) 03:49, 6 June 2014 (UTC)

Another individual curious about this who is aware that America bought the thing in 1867 from the Russians in a bid to hind Amor de Cosmos or something. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.7.157.41 (talk) 01:19, 25 September 2014 (UTC)

Distance to Mount Katmai?
This article says that the Novarupta vent is 2.5 miles from Mount Katmai but the Katmai article says that it's 6 miles from Katmai. So, which is it? Senor Cuete (talk) 00:11, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Human impact
I suggest including more information on the human impact of the eruption. As stated already in the article there was (remarkably) no recorded loss of human life (although lots of wildlife perished). A nice review of sources on this subject is provided in an article by Jeanne Schaaf cited in the following suggested addition, which I suggest might follow the sentence:

"Despite the magnitude of the eruption, no deaths directly resulted."

Eye witness accounts from people located downwind in the path of a thick ash cloud describe the gradual lowering of visibility to next to nothing. Ash threatened to contaminate drinking water and decimate food resources, but the native Alaskans were aided in their survival by traditional knowledge passed down through generations from previous eruptions. However the native villages experiencing the heaviest ash falls were abandoned and the inhabitants relocated.

--Dragonfly360 (talk) 05:06, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

In the absence of objection, I added the above wording to the main article. Also noticed a potentially useful posting by Geology.com: — Preceding unsigned comment added by Dragonfly360 (talk • contribs) 08:27, 27 February 2019 (UTC)

Relation to Katmai
The formation of a caldera at Katmai during the eruption of Novarupta implies that the latter is a vent of the former, yet this article, the one about Katmai, and the relevant pages at the GVP website seem to treat the volcanoes as separate ; the latter website giving them separate pages, instead of placing them in a single page. Contrast this with the Vestmannaeyjar volcanic system in Iceland, which includes the (sub-)volcanoes Eldfell and Surtsey; the GVP put the latter two in its page for the whole system (Vestmannaeyjar), as opposed to giving them separate pages. The same is true for the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field, in Mexico, and its well-known (sub-)volcano Parícutin and the less well-known Jorullo (among thousands of others in this large field). If there is a reason for regarding Novarupta and Katmai as individual volcanoes, it should be stated in this article and the one for Katmai. ZFT (talk) 20:56, 21 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Novarupta


text: Talk:Pavlof Sister

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Pavlof Sister


text: Talk:Mount Redoubt

title: Talk:Mount Redoubt


text:
Metabolic ecology

Metabolic ecology is a field of ecology aiming to understand constraints on metabolic organization as important for understanding almost all life processes. Main focus is on the metabolism of individuals, emerging intra- and inter-specific patterns, and the evolutionary perspective.

Two main metabolic theories that have been applied in ecology are Kooijman's Dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory and the West, Brown, and Enquist (WBE) theory of ecology. Both theories have an individual-based metabolic underpinning, but have fundamentally different assumptions.

Models of individual's metabolism follow the energy uptake and allocation, and can focus on mechanisms and constraints of energy transport (transport models), or on dynamic use of stored metabolites (energy budget models).

title: Metabolic ecology


text: Talk:Mount Sanford (Alaska)

title: Talk:Mount Sanford (Alaska)


text:
Talk:Pyre Peak

Etymology
What is the rationale for naming this feature "Mount Seguam" ? Officially it is Pyre Peak. Any objections to renaming this article Pyre Peak ? Ron Clausen (talk) 08:01, 3 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pyre Peak


text:
Talk:Mount Shishaldin

What constitutes an eruption?
Is an eruption defined by juvenile magmatic material coming out of the vent?

If so, I'm not sure that either the 2004 activity or the 2000 activity qualify. In fact, the last *definitive* eruption of Shishaldin was 1999. Idocrase 18:34, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

Four years to add the image
I was just looking at this article because I am somewhat interested in the topic, and I realized that there was a file suddenly listed in the text without showing up. I added brackets, and put the description inside and now the image shows up. It should not have taken nearly four years for someone to realize the issue. I don't know what project is responsible for this article, but it is clear that a lot of work has to be done.--Kew Gardens 613 (talk) 00:51, 8 October 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 04:55, 5 May 2019 (UTC)
 * Mount Shishaldin Alaska Animation Video.gif

New Eruption
A new eruption is taking place at Shishaldin volcano, Alaska on January 3, 2020, with ash cloud rising to 6 - 7.3 km (20 000 - 24 000 feet) above sea level at 21:00 UTC, drifting E-SE.

https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/01/04/us/04reuters-alaska-volcano.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by Phersh (talk • contribs) 07:09, 6 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mount Shishaldin


text: Talk:Mount Recheshnoi

title: Talk:Mount Recheshnoi


text: Talk:Ugashik-Peulik

title: Talk:Ugashik-Peulik


text: Talk:Mount Veniaminof

title: Talk:Mount Veniaminof


text:
Talk:Mount Vsevidof

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title: Talk:Mount Vsevidof


text:
Talk:Westdahl Volcano

Misspell during article move
Would a curator remove the Westsahl Volcano redirect page, please? That was an accidental misspelling during a move for the Westdahl Volcano article which has been corrected. Thank you for your cooperation. Mld74 (talk) 08:54, 17 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Westdahl Volcano


text: Talk:Yantarni Volcano

title: Talk:Yantarni Volcano


text:
Hallin Fell

Hallin Fell is a hill in the English Lake District surrounded on three sides by Ullswater.

Topography
The fell is a continuation of the ridge leading down from Steel Knotts, but the depression at The Hause is so profound that Hallin Fell appears totally independent in almost any view. This is born out by its status as a Marilyn, despite being diminutive amongst Lakeland fells.

Hallin Fell stands like a plug in the outlet of the Martindale valley system. The outflows of Rampsgill, Bannerdale and Boredale are deflected west around the fell, eventually finding the shore of Ullswater at Sandwick. Fusedale and the little valley above Howtown drain around the east of the fell to meet the Lake at Howtown Wyke. The southern boundaries of the fell are therefore easily defined by these watercourses and the Howtown to Sandwick road with its ferocious hairpin climb to The Hause.

The fell is circular in plan with smooth slopes to the south and west. Wainwright famously claimed that the southern side could be "ascended comfortably in bare feet". There is rougher ground on the other sides and Hallin Fell's northernmost extremity — Geordie's Crag — projects into the lake, separating Ullswater's middle and lower reaches.

Summit
The top is grassy with a number of small knolls and some outcropping rock. The highest point has an imposing square sectioned columnar cairn, and there are many other small cairns at other vantage points. Like many shorter hills in mountainous areas, the views from the summit are excellent, and Hallin Fell commands views across Martindale Common, High Street, Helvellyn, Blencathra and Ullswater.

Ascents
The climb from Howtown to the obelisk at the summit is short and easy; there are also multiple paths up from St Peter's Church at The Hause and from Howtown hamlet. Around the northern side of the fell is part of the popular lakeside walk from Howtown to Patterdale. This route, mainly in wooded surroundings and with some gentle scrambling over outcrops, can be combined with a trip on the Ullswater steamer to provide a fine low-level excursion.

title: Hallin Fell


text:
Talk:Fairuz

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 27 August 2020 and 24 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): HelenaSagaille.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 21:07, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
Wasn't she a maronite, and not orthodox? Shajar 08:58, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If she was a maronite she wouldn't have sung so much about Arab unity and reclaiming Palestine.Yuber(talk) 01:18, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Maronite-based Phalange forces stormed rahbani"s museum in Antilieas north of Beirut during the war and destroyed it completely. Rahbanis were left oriented in their thinking, what made them unpoppular on the Lebanese Front side. Still today, they "take care" about Voice of the people radio (Sawt al shaab), poppular lefist radio station in Lebanon.

Birth Place
Where was she born? "Jabal Al Arz" or Beirut? she comes from palestine

SHE WAS DEFINITELY BORN IN "JABAL AL ARZ", not beirut. For in her documentary (1998), they clearly say that her family moved from Jabal Al Arz to establish their home in Beirut (Zqaq el Blat / Basta) area.

But Jabal el Arz may refer to Jabal Lebnen (Mount Lebanon Governorate). I didn't find a village/city named JABAL AL ARZ on the map. the place of birth could be Dibbiyeh: a village in the Mount Lebanon Governorate. It is the village of her mother and where fairuz spend the summer holidays with her grandma. so this information should be verified. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.88.48.253 (talk) 16:42, 5 June 2012 (UTC)

Dear Wiki! Fairuz means in Arabic 'turquoise', but certainly not 'topaz' as you wrote
Dear Wiki! 'Fairuz' means in arabic 'turquoise', but certainly not 'topaz' as you wrote it...It's different...

- Fairuz admirer from Russia

cf. http://almashriq.hiof.no/music

Size of article
Dear editors, especially anonymous. I know Fairuz deserves a long and detailed article for so many reasons. Maybe the reverted edition got the reasons. However, that article needs too much work to be accepted. I share my opinion with Viajero because we cannot just fill wikipedia with unstructured edits. So please, whoever wants this article to be expanded, try to ameliorate the quality of what is not accepted here. Cheers -- Svest 23:27, September 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with you, but by deleting all these paragraphs, you are removing a big part of informations that might be useful to editors who want to improve this article. I think there should be restored. CG 13:03, September 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * I strongly believe that we both are right. I hope the anonymous editors think the same way. What I suggest is that we would include part by part (say para by para), clean it up, interwiki it before including the next one. We cannot just insert 2000 plus words in bulk and in such a messy state. Nobody would read it and I believe nobody would fix it. Indeed, many parts there are violating copyright laws! -- Svest 19:16, September 9, 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Fairuz is originally Syriac Orthodox
Fairuz is originally Syriac Orthodox but she had to change her sect to Greek Orthodox so she can marry Assi Rahbani

A Historical Note Dear fellow fans, please do not forget to mention (or remember) those who took Fairuz and Al Rahbani's by the hand and into stardom. I mean here especially Sabri Elsharif. An artist, director, who reportedly used up all his influence in the media business to help Fairuz and the Arab voice cause. I myself still know little about him except for what I found in a single google search. I know that he initially hired her and directed most of her musicals and her 2 famous records on Palestine. He deserves a link by himself. 08:18, 29 September 2005 (UTC). HAE

 * If you are sure about that than it would be a good thing to add that info. You can provide a source or a reference here in this talk page to justify it. Cheers -- Svest 18:03, 29 September 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™
 * Try this link. It will also lead you to other good links.Good luck. HAE  05:23, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

There are many reliable sources that say she is Maronite, Orthodox and Syriac. I think it would be best to stick with Christian because all of these reliable sources are claiming different things. Lebanese bebe (talk) 11:18, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

I have just noticed that someone changed her religion to coptic orthodox! I changed it to Syriac-Maronite since her father was Syriac orthodox and her mother was a Maronite. I put a reliable source is also included. Ravi84m (talk) 18:33, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

New christmas edits
I appreciate the newly inserted edits by users 216.80.117.214 and 147.9.45.157. I hope those edits would set an example to users 82.198.29.11, Jabe88 and 81.220.32.223 who somehow pretended that we are censoring info here. Svest 00:41, 12 December 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Either extremely detailed, or extremely shortened...
This article is a really problematic one. on the first hand, the earlier version is too short, very few informations were available.

on the other hand, the current version is too detailed, BUT still better than the other version.

what I suggest is to discuss what information to leave, and what information should be removed.

To people who say, this is far too detailed, i agree to a certain degree (some info could be removed), but you just can't put the tiny version back. SOME PEOPLE ARE SEARCHING FOR THE DETAILS (her life, works, documentaries...); for the devil is in the details. In the small version, there's nothing about her works... Why is it called an encyclopedia then ? The encyclopedia must have the full information about everything.

Please discuss the article here. and to all of you, don't put any version of the article without discussing and asking for the conscent of the other fans.

 * let's remove the chronology, or put it in a separate article

 * I agree, and the information available in the chronology, like awards given to her, should figure in an "awards" section...

There should be a section focusing on her career, distinct from her biography Unixer 12:21, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Do you think we should add a section for her Discography ?

 * I think a discography section is necessary. and also remove that kind of info from the biography section.Unixer 22:32, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

She was a maronite, where are you citing this Orthodox History?
She may have been born Orthodox, or maybe she converted to Orthodox, but Fairouz definetly has a major connection to the Maronite Faith. She sings all of our hymns. In fact, in the LBC (Lebanese Brodcasting Corporation) they show her atending and singing at Good Friday, Easter, and Christmas Masses.

Another thing, She wouldn't sing "Ya Oumallah" if she were any type of Orthodox, as most Orthodox people I know become very upset with the Maronite obsession with Mary.

The current facts show that Fairouz is a Maronite now, I'm not sure what she was before.

Just because her, the Rahbani's or others felt for Arab unity does not dismiss her as a Maronite. Not all Maronite's are sepratists, pro-Israel, or anti-Arab. Politics and religion are not so easily allignable, and it is that kind of stereotyping that caused the war in Lebanon in the first place.

 * NOT AT ALL. Fayrouz was born syriac orthodox, got married to Assi Rahbani, and converted to greek orthodoxy. She has produced many maronite hymns, that's correct. That was because the Rahbanis wanted to use Fayrouz's voice. But when she sings in the great firday, she always sings it in an orthodox church, and chants the orthodox liturgy hymns. I GO AND WATCH HER EVERY YEAR CHANTING. She's definitely orthodox. why don't you check her chronology and see where and what she has sang, and what the RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH has done with her new orthodox hymns (they added them to their repertoire, like al aodiya al oula and al aoudiya al tasi'a and la tanouhi) Fairuz Chronology. So don't modify the article please.

And please, before coming here and start a polemic issue, be sure of the information you're giving.

 * Fayruz sang about MECCA people!!! Does that make her Muslim? NO!

HER FATHER CAME FROM MARDIN, TURKEY... he was a syriac orthodox

There is no reliable source that says her father is Turkish. Her father was Lebanese. Lebanese bebe (talk) 11:19, 13 August 2009 (UTC)
 * He wasn't turkish but Syriac Orthodox from a city that was then part of the Ottoman empire (just like Lebanon by the way).Ravi84m (talk) 18:38, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

ATTENTION PLEASE
TO the person adding the chronology information, put the info in this article Fairuz Chronology.

we have separated both articles to make Fairuz's biograpgy more readable and clearer.

Please don't change the whole article back as it was before. thanks a lot.

Discography
I have added a Discography section, and a hyperlink so that everyone can check her CDs and DVDs

Sources of her Orthodoxy?
Forgive me. I understand this was mentioned about two or three times before. I was just wondering if you can provide sources (books, articles, or websites) that say she was Syrian Orthodox and converted Greek Orthodox. A website search I did found that Wikipedia was the only one that says such information, while there are two other websites that say she "came from a Marionite family," such as this one:

http://www.lebanon.com/where/entertainment/fairuz.htm

I'm not questioning your information. I was just hoping you could cite where you get this information from.

Christ is risen!

God bless you.

Mina

 * Dear Mina, if you watched the lebanese channels lately, you could see that fayrouz chanted on the orthodox great friday (Friday the 21st of april not on maronite good friday the 14th of april). Every year she chants in orthodox churches, and her life documentary says so. This website has wrong info. Fayrouz's father was syriac originally form Mardine (Turkey). These people ran away from the turkish prosecution during World War I.

http://7iwarforum.org/forum/showthread.php?t=777

Please read this article of Samir Atallah (journalist in Annahar newspaper and Friend of Fairuz and the Rahabanis) about Fairuz's 70 birthday. HOPE YOU READ ARABIC !

مرحبا, Grüeß Got, Hello and so on ...
I've just been looking for as many as possible translations of "Stille Nacht/Silent Night" as possible; and by this opportunity I discovered Fairuz. And I add: I am a Bavarian Roman Catholic, and nothing else. But just because that's how it is after all, I completely hate all those discussions about her faith. By the way: She does sing "Silent Night"!! Hallelujah! ... --Hellsepp (talk) 00:50, 20 December 2012 (UTC)

Lebanon and sects and Fairuz
We love you please stop the drama. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Miia (talk • contribs) 19:30, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

Fairuz does NOT have palestinian origins
Fairuz doesn't have any palestinian origins !!!!!

anyone who adds this edit would be vandalising this article... her father is Lebanese from TURKISH origins, and her mother is pure lebanese... check Atallah's article above

Her father wasnt turkish he was a SYRIAC from a town that became a PART OF TURKEY. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Miss-simworld (talk • contribs) 22:04, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

Most countries around the world?
The article states that Fairuz has performed in most countries around the world. Given that there are, what, 300+ countries, this would mean she has given a lot of concerts! So, os there any proof for this?

 * correction there r 200+ countires in the world, and she has sang in at least 50 of them!

Contradiction
''During the Lebanese War (1975-1990), Fairuz never left Lebanon but did not hold any concerts there because it pained her greatly to see the Lebanese suffering and dying at the hands of foreigners and their own. She would not sing for them, them who were killing each other and destroying Lebanon. However, during that time period, Fairuz held several very successful record-breaking concerts and tours in numerous countries around the world. Fairuz's ability to tour internationally without ever leaving Lebanon was considered quite remarkable by many of her contemporaries.''

Unless I'm missing something, this shouldn't be considered remarkable---it should be considered impossible. Any idea what's trying to be said here? Tesseran 08:46, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Dear Tesseran, Fairuz indeed never left Lebanon to live abroad. She just left during a very limited time period to hold concerts and go back. so ur right, we should correct this!

Sources and POV
I've added templates indicating that the article as it stands lack sources and falls short of WP's neutral POV ideal. That there are no sources beyond the subject's homepage can, given the magnitude of her international career, doubtless be fixed. The POV issues are deeply woven into the text ("...angelic voice has enchanted millions...", "...her voice simply transcends the human hearing range...", indications of "historic" and "record breaking" performances without further citation, etc.), but much good work has gone into the text and it mostly needs a ruthless editor. Robertissimo 14:35, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

Notre Dame de Paris issue
Fayrouz never held a mass in Notre Dame de Paris Cathedral. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.216.205.147 (talk • contribs).

Cleaned
The article was cleaned from the "advertisements". I guess we should remove the ad template, but leave the need for references and sources template.

Assyrian father or not?
This was claimed in the article earlier, and it makes a lot of sense if he was from Mardin. Why is it not in the article anymore? FunkMonk 20:44, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

Hello! He was Syriac Orthodox... the article exists on Annahar newspaper archive, the link of the forum is dead now... Unfortunately if we ever have to get the link, we have to pay to get the archive, so it's kind of difficult... only her mum was a maronite, and later she became greek orthodox after marrying Assi Jabe88

 * Sorry, but no source for this claim has ever been provided. And people keep deleting the references that say she is Arab, born into a Maronite Christian family. I'm not against mentioning her father's Syriac Christian backround too, if there is a reliable source for it. But I'm very tired of people deleting other reliably sourced info on her background.  T i a m u t talk 10:50, 7 October 2009 (UTC)

Because shes not an Arab shes Lebanese of Syriac/Assyrian descent. Her father was an Assyrian from Mardin and her mother a Maronite. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.13.147.63 (talk) 21:30, 14 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Do you have a source for that? FunkMonk (talk) 21:34, 14 January 2010 (UTC)

Yes I did but they got deleted!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.14.228.221 (talk) 10:07, 15 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Try to post it here. FunkMonk (talk) 10:40, 15 January 2010 (UTC)

here are a couple of sources here and here It's a very known fact in the middle east that her father came from Mardin and settled in Lebanon. She even sang many hymns in Syriac. Ravi84m (talk) 01:03, 12 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Both of the sources you cited se Wikipedia as a source. Given that people have edit warred to include this information here previously its not surprising that its written in those versions of our article. We need a solid WP:RS for this as this is a WP:BLP. Sites that simply copy old versions of Wiki articles won't do.  T i a m u t talk 17:14, 13 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Yeah, and singing in Syriac doesn't confirm anything, Maronites do that too. FunkMonk (talk) 17:43, 13 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Just added sources from an article in Annahar written by Samir Atallah. The article seems very reliable since it was quoted in many occasions, so I see no reason against mention it as a source in Wikipedia as well. Ravi84m (talk) 20:23, 21 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Not a reliable source at all, in my opinion. Its hosted on the website on a political action group. Mainstream English-language sources describe Fairouz as follows:
 * "a Christian (Greek Orthodox)" who became "the symbol for a dignified Arab nationalism" (Popular Culture in the Arab World: arts, politics, and the media)
 * Popular culture and nationalism in Lebanon: the Fairouz and Rahbani nation notes that the Patriarch of the Greek Orthodox church reportedly refused her reqest for a divorce from Assi in the 1970s. Obviously, she was a member of that church by then (no need for the verify tag in the introduction).
 * World music: the rough guide. Africa, Europe and the Middle East, Volume 1 says she was born "in 1934 to a Christian Maronite family in Beirut."
 * I propose removing the information abot being born to a "Syriac Catholic" father as there is no reliable source for this assertion and even if true, Fairuz does not seem to self-identify this way.  T i a m u t talk 18:15, 28 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Agreed. FunkMonk (talk) 18:20, 28 May 2011 (UTC)
 * You can find tens of other website hosting the same article,. I can't see how an article about her early years written by a family friend who happens to be one of the most distinguished journalists in Lebanon and published in the most widely circulated newspaper in that country can be regarded as dubious. On the other hand other sources merely give a fleeting mention of her born to a Maronite family, that certainly doesn't compare to Atalla's article.
 * I can't find a single source of her conversion to Greek orthodoxy, this source makes no mention of her being Greek Orthodox, her asking permission of divorce from the Patriarch of her husband's church doesn't necessarily make her one.--  R a f y  talk 22:38, 28 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I provided you a source directly above that says she is a "Christian (Greek Orthodox)" withot any qualification or equivocation. The other source about her asking permission from the Greek Orthodox Patriarch for a divorce indicates that she was married by the Greek Orthodox church. As you know, in Lebanon, you can only be married by religious institutions - there is no civil marriage.
 * While Samir Atallah may be a reliable source, the website hosting his article is not. The other links you provided are also not reliable sources (the first is not the same article by Atallah - its an article about how people who speak Arabic are Arab and while it says Fairuz is Syriac-Aramaic, its a posting to a web forum by the "Administrator" of that forum). The second link won't open for me. And the third is a copy of Atallah's article posted to a web form (also not an RS).  T i a m u t talk 08:33, 29 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I think that there is enough proof made that such an article by Samir Atallah does exist, we could merely mentions the name of the article without an online link. Here is another article taken from Al Hayat, also mentioning her Syriac roots. It might be that she was brought up as a Maronite, but I can't find any source about her conversion, surely that would have angered a couple of Maronites back then. the last two sources contradict each other the one claims that she was a Maronite and the other one mentions her rising to fame in the 50 (before meeting the Rahbanis) as a Greek Orthodox, so which one should we believe?--  R a f y  talk 09:39, 29 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm still wary about the Samir Atallah article since we don't have access to a copy published by a reliable source. The article published by Al Hayat on their website, however, meets our general RS requirements. Strangely though, it seems to have gotten her birth year wrong (1935 instead of 1934). It says her father was of the "Syriac religion" and from Mardin. I guess we could include this info in this article sourced to them. I still don't see its relevance, particularly given that most RS say she was raised Maronite or is now of the Greek Orthodox faith. What does her father's religious background have to do with her biography? It doesn't seem to be at all related to Fairuz's life and career. But I'm open to hearing more opinions on the subject and will remove the dubious tag for now and replace the citation with the article from al Hayat.
 * About the "Contradiction" in the source stating she is Greek Orthodox, I think you read it wrong. It says she came to prominence in the 1950s (i.e, 1950-1959). She married Assi Rahbani in 1955. So there is no contradiction.  T i a m u t talk 19:01, 30 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Since several articles have been published stating that here father was a Syriac from Mardin, then it is reliable that he was a Syriac. Kaldaya (talk) 18:10, 29 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Most RS don't mention it. None at all in English and only two distinct Arabic newspaper articles do.  T i a m u t talk 19:01, 30 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Alright, but she sings in Arabic and she's from the Middle East, so it's not a surprise that the sources are in Arabic. And the source doesn't need to come from her. For instance Steve Jobs has never said he's Syrian, but we know it indirectly, through his sister and father and therefore it's written in Wikipedia. It should be the same case for Fairuz, and we know that Fairuz has commercial incentives to hide her true identity. Kaldaya (talk) 19:45, 17 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Akhon, if she identifies as Lebanese then this should be reflected on the article. afaik she never claimed of being Assyrian, neither Arab on that matter. --  R a f y  talk 19:13, 18 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Whatever anyone identifies as, it is quite notable that her father fled Mardin for Lebanon, and should be mentioned. FunkMonk (talk) 10:44, 16 January 2018 (UTC)

contested statement removed

 * Fairuz has sold 80 million records around the world,
 * Another huge success was the massive concert at the Las Vegas MGM Grand Arena (1999) which broke box-office sales records

Please don't restore this information without a citation.-- Birgitte SB  18:55, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

shes not arab
Shes lebanese just put her as that also her father was ASSYRIAN/SYRIAC and her mother a maronite so if anything shes assyrian not arab. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.3.108.43 (talk) 21:47, 4 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Sources say she is an arab singer and her family was Maronite Christian before she converted to Greek orthodox Christianity. we go with the sources, not our unsourced preferences.  T i a m u t talk 09:03, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

PLEASE NO ONE ADDS HIS PERSONAL OPINION
we all love fairuz, but when we add phrases such as a "a living legend" it just make fairuz look bad. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Amman12 (talk • contribs) 08:32, 14 August 2009 (UTC)

Voice range and musical scale
Hey, apart from her roots, beliefs and origins (the usual Arab conflict) can someone please contribute with a piece of information on the voice range that is of Fairouz and the scales of music she adhered to during her career as well as the lyrical structures she was famous of singing? I think it will enrich the article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Miia (talk • contribs) 20:37, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Suggestion
Shouldn't she have a singer template?? — Preceding unsigned comment added by يزن أحمد (talk • contribs) 15:38, 12 September 2011 (UTC)

Need proper discography
We need a propoer discography section that lists all of Fairuz' albums. The current section is inadequate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.49.157.70 (talk) 03:30, 18 March 2015 (UTC)

temporarily removed
The follwwing section was misplaced at the end of the article and seems a bit like POV/personal commentary at first glance. But maybe it can be partially be reused and properly integrated into the article, hence I paste it below.--Kmhkmh (talk) 01:51, 16 December 2015 (UTC)

Critical articles
Critically, Fairouz and the Rahbani's real works or art ended with Assi Rahbani's illness - brain haemorage - in 1973. The plays that follows: Qasidat Hub, Lulu, Mais Il Rim, and Petra, were of mediocre quality musically and dramatically compared to the profound visceral plays of before. No real art that echoes the quality of pre-1973 was created after that except by Ziad Rahbani, and with Fairouz when she cooperated with Ziad in albums or in concerts. Othersie, Fairouz's cooperation with other composers such as Zaki Nassif and Philimone Wehbe were as mediocre and the plays that the Rahbani Brothers tried to produce.

Fruthermore, Fairouz's concerts without Ziad Rahbani to this day are mediocre works of art with very stiff, course and unmusical renditions of songs. The music in the Las Vegas concert issued on DVD for example sound course, unimaginative, monotomous and uncreative.

With Ziad Rahbani an orchestra with a full range on instruments is chosen that takes the listener to imaginative levels in composition and rendition, and a more visceral comprehensive program of songs is created that all together create a true work of art.

Critical articles could be found here:

 * فيروز وزياد... فسحة الأمل (Fairuz and Ziad)
 * Criticism on Ziad Rahbani, Fairouz, and Assi Rahbani's Art
 * Rahbani Archive

emblematic song "aatini al nay.."
I added that song as it is considered as one of her most emblematic songs. I am not sure if the link to the translation is really wiki-compatible, but it may be usefull to document it anyhow and it is only a suggested translation, not really a fact. Any suggestion welcome. 2A02:A03F:16FD:B100:5841:686A:B0BC:BAA9 (talk) 18:47, 21 June 2017 (UTC)

Birthdate
According to her own site she was born in 1933

https://web.archive.org/web/20000303025909/http://www.fairouz.com:80/fairouz/lists/timeline.html 1933 Nouhad Haddad is born.

And it stays there for at least 10 years.

https://web.archive.org/web/20100729205907/http://www.fairouz.com:80/fairouz/lists/timeline.html

This might need a more serious check around and a correction of most wiki pages. 2A02:A03F:16FB:6C00:A442:AB36:6D29:31A7 (talk) 07:58, 28 June 2017 (UTC)

Her birthday 100% is wrong if you check up her photos which taken in early and med 1940s she is adult! Khoshhat (talk) 06:47, 3 February 2019 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110722014237/http://www.arteeast.org/pages/artenews/nostalgias/132/ to http://www.arteeast.org/pages/artenews/nostalgias/132/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130509111644/http://www.annahar.com/newspaper/1066312-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86 to http://www.annahar.com/newspaper/1066312-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86

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Semi-protected edit request on 29 April 2020
In Discography, change link from Mohamed Abdelwahab(footballer) to Mohammed Abdel Wahab(composer) also the link to Mohamed Mohsen is wrong 102.156.170.108 (talk) 07:34, 29 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done - removed the incorrect links. GoingBatty (talk) 15:11, 29 April 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 1 September 2020
Change 'Sweden' to 'Switzerland' at the end of the initial paragraph. Lys Assia was Swiss, not Swedish. 94.19.111.208 (talk) 15:52, 1 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: The source says Sweden. Melmann 22:29, 1 September 2020 (UTC)

Francois Mitterrand
change ((Francois Mitterrand)) to ((François Mitterrand)) 2601:541:4500:1760:80F7:F6C8:1900:AA14 (talk) 20:52, 9 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Danski454 (talk) 21:06, 9 September 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 21 November 2021
Please Edit the birth date to 20 November 1934 (Age 87) As Fayrouz was born on 20th not 21st of November 1934 not 1935 2001:8F8:1A65:D40C:6D88:4FA6:F913:78E6 (talk) 18:18, 21 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 19:41, 21 November 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 January 2022
under Personal Life: "one of the Rahnani brothers" should be spelled "Rahbani". 178.82.160.75 (talk) 21:06, 4 January 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ Cannolis (talk) 21:14, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

Slay girl I love ur singing! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 60.240.107.218 (talk) 22:45, 31 October 2023 (UTC)

Fayrouz does not have Syrian or Palestinian origins.
People need to stop vandalizing this article. Lebanesebebe123 (talk) 18:11, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

 * That's not vandalism. Please read what vandalism is per https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism
 * the cited source is from the official website of the Bustani family Whatsupkarren (talk) 11:39, 23 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Not a single link here establishes that her mother’s exact family came from Syria. Only 1 link establishes that the surname of Bustani is linked to a specific village in Syria. Not that this Lebanese woman with that last name family came from Syria. It’s an article discussing the origin of the surname. Not the origin of her family. People adopt surnames all over the world that originated in other places. Not every person with the last name Masri are from Egypt, and not every Lebanese with the last name Halab came from Halab, and not every Lebanese with the last name Haddad was a smith. If you’re going to claim her mother was Syrian by origin you have to post a link that directly comes from her stating that. Can’t be anecdotal Lebanesebebe123 (talk) 02:13, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fairuz


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Business continuity planning/archive1

Business continuity planning
Hoping to get the above referenced articles featured. Appreciate a group review! Revmachine21 10:54, 18 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Very interesting! However, it would be good if we could have "Threat analysis" not just a list of points, but instead summarise each of the types in Summary form. As stated in FAC, it would be good to have some discussion of how it overlaps with Risk management. More information on recovery management would also be great to see in this article (I always thought that this was a very large part of the solution, but I could be wrong here).
 * In my opinion, risk management (the valuation of open trading positions, evaluation of trading position hedging, foreign exchange exposure and limit monitoring) is not the same as business continuity planning, a process that any organization could and should put into place. There is another type of risk management, more commonly known as operational risk management, of which BCP is a subset among other things.  Unfortunately, I am not able or qualified to contribute to op risk.Revmachine21 13:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, OK. Well, I did say I could be wrong :-) Ta bu shi da yu 21:27, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I added a reference to operational risk in the intro. I think others might disagree on the meaning of risk management but if they aren't involved, they can take a hike! Revmachine21 13:53, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but your opinion of what risk management is is far too narrow. Read the risk management article and you'll see that general risk management is more a less a superset of BCP. I suppose what you refer to as operational risk management is closer to what general risk management is. So I added a link to the risk management article. I suppose not too much more needs to be said, but the methods seem to almost entirely overlap to me. I have studied risk management and work in a related field. We have a BCP, but my knowledge of it is more or less limited to what I know of risk management. - Taxman 17:28, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Can you give us any real life case studies? This would help us quite a bit in understanding how this works in real life.
 * There were quite a few articles written about businesses responses to Y2k and World Trade Center. I will see what I can find.Revmachine21 13:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Cheers :-) Ta bu shi da yu 21:27, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Someone in FAC also noted that not all disasters can be recovered from or seen as important enough to plan around. I've also heard this, something on risk assessment would be very good in this article.
 * This is mentioned already under Impact analysis section.Revmachine21 13:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, didn't notice this... Ta bu shi da yu 21:27, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * What license is Image:BCPLifecycle.gif under? We would prefer GFDL, but this needs tagging. If you need help with this, please let me know and I'll help you tag it.
 * I made this image in MS Powerpoint. My design...Revmachine21 13:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, it's very good! But... we really need a license for it. Do you place it under the public domain? Is it being contributed under the GNU Free Documentation License? We need to know the license! - Ta bu shi da yu 21:27, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Please, you have my permission. Again for the benefit of all mankind!Revmachine21
 * Lastly, where are you getting your information from? Did you get it from the further reading sources? If so, then rename "Further reading" to "References". I cannot emphasis this last part enough. If you need some help with this, I am very happy to assist you and if you message me with the problem I will endevour to help you resolve any issues. In the meantime, it might be an idea to see Cite sources, this document should help you get started with our standards for referencing and a rationale for why this is so important. - Ta bu shi da yu 00:57, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I am a BCP expert working in International Finance. None of the material provided here is considered original material, but rather a summary of 10 years experience gained on the job from various corporate training programs.  Essentially I wrote the text of the article, then found supporting public free source material to back up my text, notated under the External Links section.  Many of the BCP planning tools used by corporations are very, very expensive (and may not be available without corresponding consultant charges) but I did provide the major link (ISO) under Further Reading section in case somebody is insane enough to want to buy the material.Revmachine21 13:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, so all the external links should really be "References". I'll covert to the correct form when I get a chance. - Ta bu shi da yu 21:27, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Can you format those properly as references then please? :) - Taxman 17:28, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, will do :-) Ta bu shi da yu 01:04, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Tourist (Athlete album)

Tourist is the second studio album by English rock band Athlete. It was released on 31 January 2005 through Parlophone. During the promotional cycle for their debut studio album Vehicles & Animals (2003), the band wrote material for its follow-up. Recording sessions were done at Helioscentric Studios in East Sussex, The Dairy in London, and Athlete's studio in London. Victor Van Vugt produced the majority of the tracks, while John Cornfield did the rest; Athlete is credited with producing all of them. The album is a soft rock release with elements of electronic music, taking influence from the works of Coldplay, Doves and the Flaming Lips.

Athlete embarked on a headlining tour of the United Kingdom, prior to the release of the album's lead single "Wires" in January 2005. Another UK tour occurred in March 2005, with additional dates being added to extended it into the next month. "Half Light" was the second single from the album in April 2005, prior to a stint in the United States. The band appeared at V Festival; the performance coincided with the release of the album's third single "Tourist" in August 2005. The band closed the year with a third UK tour, which saw the release of album's "Twenty Four Hours" was released as the fourth single at its conclusion in November 2005.

Tourist received mixed reviews from music critics, with some suggesting that Athlete had failed to sustain the unique style of their previous album, while others saw the new album as a logical progression from their old sound. It peaked at number one in the UK and Scotland, as well as charting in Ireland, Belgium and Australia. The album was certified platinum in the UK by the British Phonographic Industry a month after its release, while "Wires" was certified silver. "Wires" became the band's highest charting single at number four in the UK, and reaching number three in Scotland. "Half Light" peaked at number 16 in the UK, while the remaining singles sat outside the top 40.

Background and recording
Athlete released their debut studio album Vehicles & Animals in April 2003; it peaked at number 19 in the United Kingdom. Out of the album's four singles, "El Salvador" charted the highest at number 31. The band promoted the album with three tours of the UK, and appearances at the T in the Park, Move, One Big Sunday and V Festivals, between February 2003 and January 2004. During this, the band were writing material for their next album, which they were expecting to take into a different musical direction. For Vehicles & Animals the band members wrote material as a whole unit; whereas for the follow-up, they wrote separately. They then showed one another the songs at their rehearsal space and worked on the ones they considered the best. Victor Van Vugt spent two weeks with the band at their space, where they showed him all of the songs they had prepared and he gave them his feedback.

Recording sessions for Tourist were held at Helioscentric Studios in East Sussex, The Dairy in London, and Athlete's studio in London. Helioscentric is a converted barn; it reminded the band of the places where they used to make their early demos. Vugt produced most of the songs, barring "Half Light", "Yesterday Threw Everything at Me" and "Twenty Four Hours", all of which were produced by John Cornfield; the band are credited as producer on all of them. Ian Davenport and Mark Duggan were assistant recording engineers on a majority of the tracks, while engineer Rick Simpson handled additional recording. String parts were recorded at the Studio 1 room at Abbey Road Studios in London with a 24-piece orchestra. In between sessions, Athlete played a one-off show in London and appeared at V Festival. Michael H Brauer mixed the recordings in October 2004 with assistance from Pro Tools engineer Keith Gary at Quad Studios in New York City, before being mastered by Chris Athens at Sterling Sound, also in New York City.

Composition
Tourist is a soft rock album with electronic elements that takes influence from the work of Coldplay (specifically, their 2002 album A Rush of Blood to the Head), Doves and the Flaming Lips (specifically, their 1999 album The Soft Bulletin). Jean Baker of News24 considered it a "kind of concept album" that tackles "long distance love". Keyboardist Tim Wanstall said the tracks intentionally had "less of the hook after hook", compared to those on Vehicles & Animals, allowing for vocalist Joel Pott's vocals to have more of a presence. Alongside this, Pott wanted to be more open about his lyrics, stating that if "people want to hear my personal stories, that's fine with me [...] but this time I'm wearing my heart on my sleeve". Wanstall said it was "very narrative in its basis, and very much about a band on the road, coming to terms with being away a lot from that home community". The band would typically build a song from a chorus of verse section, written on either a guitar or a piano, adding electronic flourishes after demos had been made. Sometimes drummer Steven Roberts would suggest a part, prompting the rest of the members to re-work the track. Adam Peters arranged and conducted the string accompaniments on "Chances", "Wires" and "Street Map", which were performed by the London Metropolitan Orchestra, led by David Juritz. Noel Robinson and the Nu Image Choir appeared as a gospel choir on "If I Found Out".

Tourist opens with the string-enhanced ballad "Chances". "Half Light" continues the electronic sounds heard on Vehicles & Animals, with a chorus in the vein of Britpop acts from 1995 and a flute-led breakbeat section. "Trading Air" deals with unrequited love; its melody was compared to the one heard in "Parachutes" (2000) by Coldplay. The lyrics were adapted by Pott from bassist Carey Willetts opting to tell an ex-partner, who had a fiancé, that he was still attracted to her. After six weeks of no contact, Willetts and the woman eventually eloped. "Wires" is ballad that sees Pott singing to his ill child, having been influenced by the birth of his daughter Myla. He said she suffered from a seizure, prompting her being taken to the ICU. "If I Found Out" is a soft rock ballad revolving around the topic of one's inner spirit, channeling the work of Sugar Ray. "Modern Mafia" recalled the band's earlier poppier material; "Twenty Four Hours" is done in the style of Elbow. The closing track "I Love" is an amalgamation of the band's new sound and their older one.

Release
On 21 October 2004, Tourist was announced for release in three months' time. In January 2005, Athlete went on a headlining UK tour, leading up to the release of the album's lead single "Wires" on 17 January 2005. The CD version included "Never Running Out", "Get It Back", and the radio edit and music video for "Wires", while the 7" vinyl edition featured "Transformer Man" and the radio edit of "Wires". It was promoted with a signing session at the Virgin Megastore in London. Tourist was released on 31 January 2005, which was promoted with a UK tour in March 2005. A special edition was also released, which included the music video for "Wires", a making-of documentary on the album, and audio tracks recorded at Shepherd's Bush Empire in London. The cover artwork, designed by Richard Andrews and Gerard Saint, consists of an airplane seat, a radio, studio equipment, gas pumps and railings. Baker said it was a metaphor for the songs' "tendency to tie things together, some of which may be their own, while others (like an aeroplane seat), are shared by many".  It recalled the art style that featured on singles from Pulp.

Five extra shows, three in London, one in Blackpool and one in Reading, were added in April 2005 because of demand. "Half Light" was released as the second single from the album on 25 April 2005; the 7" vinyl picture disc had a remix of "Half Light" as the B-side. Two versions were released on CD: the first with "I've Got a Question", and the second with "Forest Fire", a radio session version of "Wires", and the music video for "Half Light".  In May 2005, they embarked on a tour of the United States. Prior to a performance at V Festival, "Tourist" was released as the album's third single on 15 August 2005. The CD version included a remix of "Tourist", while the 7" vinyl picture disc featured a radio session version of "Half Light". The music video for "Tourist" was posted online the same day. Following this, the band embarked on a UK tour in October and November 2005. At the end of this trek, "Twenty Four Hours" was released as the fourth single from the album on 14 November 2005. The CD version included "Stand in the Sun" and "Lay Your Head", while the 7" vinyl picture disc featured "Stand in the Sun" and "Before Tomorrow".

"Half Light", "Tourist", "Wires" and "Twenty Four Hours" were included on Athlete's first compilation album Singles 01–10 in 2010.

Critical reception
Tourist was met with mixed reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, the album received an average score of 46, based on 19 reviews.

Andrew Lynch of Entertainment.ie found the eccentric nature of their debut "replaced by a mournful, big-ballad piano sound that's a little like Coldplay, a lot like Keane and a hell of a lot like Snow Patrol". He added that there was "great, sweeping songs with real lyrical and emotional depth". Time Out writer Chris Parkin and the staff at E! Online also noticed this shift, with the latter mentioning that the band "aims for an entirely more conventional" direction. PopMatters Adrien Begrand thought it was a "desperate, depressing attempt to pander to the Keane/Snow Patrol crowd". Matt Ashare of The Boston Phoenix noted that while Pott lacked Coldplay frontman Chris Martin's falsetto, he does have that band's "knack for mixing and matching simple guitar hooks with sullen piano chordings and yearning lyrics". AllMusic reviewer Johnny Loftus said a lot of the album "seems like an amalgam of other things, whether it's the Coldplay-ness of their ballads or the distinct Super Furry Animals influence that's been with Athlete all along [...] Tourist settles for complacent". LAS Magazine writer Josh Zanger thought the many comparisons were unjust "because, despite some general music similarities to any of these other groups, they have a unique sound". He added that the "direction of Tourist is both fun, emotional, experimental-ready and personally uplifting".

Rolling Stone reviewer Christian Hoard, on the other hand, said the band "manage swooning song-poetry and Coldplay karaoke over electronics-tinged arrangements that sound very pro form[ula]", which The Independent Andy Gil and Maurice O'Brien of Hot Press echoed, with the latter adding that there was "little real invention on show here". Cross Rhythms writer Mike Rimmer was "not convinced that the shift into Coldplay territory is the most attractive move" as "most of the quirkiness that gave their first album its charm" had dissipated. The staff at Uncut held a similar sentiment, as the band plays "through 11 torpid ballads, drained of all their earlier quirks, seemingly laboratory-designed for those who find Keane too edgy". Nick Southall of Stylus Magazine said the "[s]trings swell, choruses rise slowly and predictably, melodies repeat and repeat again and never progress or develop". Pitchfork contributor Adam Moerder was dismissive of the album, saying that the band "abuse the soft verse/loud chorus trick to no end". Though he mentioned their attempt at lyrical strength, "Athlete feel no pressure to experiment with their songwriting". Yahoo! Launch's Anna Britten saw it as a "one-dimensional" release, with its "imagination stopping where Wayne Coyne’s begins".

Commercial performance
Tourist topped the UK Albums Chart, selling 83,370 copies in its first week; it was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) a month after its release. It ranked at number 32 on the UK year-end chart for 2005. Alongside this, the album reached number one in Scotland, number 18 in Ireland, number 45 in the Flanders region of Belgium, number 60 in Australia, number 72 in Italy, and number 99 in Switzerland.

"Wires" became the highest charting single, reaching number four in the UK; it also peaked at number three in Scotland and number 73 in Ireland. It won an Ivor Novello Award for Best Contemporary Song in 2006, and was certified silver by the BPI in 2014. "Half Light" peaked at number 16 in the UK. "Tourist" charted at number 43 in the UK and number 44 in Scotland. "Twenty Four Hours" reached number 42 in the UK.

Track listing
All tracks written by Athlete.

Personnel
Personnel per booklet. The band members are intentionally not mentioned in the liner notes.

Additional musicians
 * Adam Peters – string arrangement (tracks 1, 5 and 8), conductor (tracks 1, 5 and 8)
 * London Metropolitan Orchestra – strings (tracks 1, 5 and 8)
 * David Juritz – string leader (tracks 1, 5 and 8)
 * Noel Robinson – gospel choir (track 6)
 * Nu Image Choir – gospel choir (track 6)

Artwork
 * Richard Andrews – art direction, design
 * Gerard Saint – art direction, design
 * Dan Tobin Smith – photography
 * Lindsay Milne – set design, styling

Production
 * Victor Van Vugt – producer (all except tracks 2, 7 and 10)
 * John Cornfield – producer (tracks 2, 7 and 10)
 * Athlete – producer
 * Michael H Brauer – mixing
 * Ian Davenport – assistant recording engineer (tracks 1, 3–6, 8 and 9)
 * Mark Duggan – assistant recording engineer (tracks 1, 3–6, 8 and 9)
 * Rick Simpson – additional recording, engineer
 * Keith Gary – mix assistant, Pro Tools engineer
 * Chris Athens – mastering

title: Tourist (Athlete album)


text:
Talk:Joakim Von Rohr

This article appears to be a duplication of Joachim Von Rohr. —Mike 09:03, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Joakim Von Rohr


text:
Wikipedia:List of really, really, really stupid article ideas that you really, really, really should not create

An article about or described by any of the following can be safely assumed to fit into the set of unnecessary articles:

 * 1) You, your family, or the organization you work for.
 * 2) Your band, which has only sold 47 copies of its one album. Even if you think it will sell 48. Or maybe 49! Or, if you get really lucky, you can pay off the record store owner so that he may buy one and your sales will have gone up to fifty!!! Keep dreamin', brotha.
 * 3) Your imaginary friend or your imaginary friends that don't even exist.
 * 4) The religion, language, or country that you made up with your friends in school one day.
 * 5) The street you live on, unless it is on a Monopoly board. But since it is highly unlikely that you live on a Monopoly game board, we suggest that you not even try.
 * 6) Any one of the many regions in the Pokémon video game series or lieking mudkipz, or hering dat someon lieks mudkipz. Or a random ship that includes Ash Ketchum and (insert random girl here). Remember, not everyone is a Pokémon fanatic.
 * 7) A stunt or trick only you have ever attempted, probably unsuccessfully.
 * 8) Any movie you made yourself which has never been seen by more people at one time than can fit in your basement. Even if you have a really big basement.
 * 9) Individual songs that have never been released as a single nor seen radio play, unless they're twenty minutes long or have led to a phone number becoming unusable or even have questioned the essence of music itself.
 * 10) "(Anything) in popular culture." Anything at all.
 * 11) Likewise, "Hysterical Realism in the Works of (insert neither hysterical nor realistic author here)".
 * 12) Your dormitory, university residence, or any suite therein.
 * 13) Stuff nobody but that guy who changes his Spock ears more often than his underpants cares about, or the equivalent thereto. For example, a song about a custom map of a video game, unless you are famous and the song managed to release as a single.
 * 14) Anything about which you cannot be buggered to write one complete sent
 * 15) Subjects that cannot be studied, or the knowledge of which amounts only to the fact that it pertains to another topic. A favourite line from a movie or catchy lyric, a potent phrase used in argument, juicy facts of interest to fans, a punch-line or zinger; these are all very interesting,  but usually all that can be informatively written about topic "X" is: "X is a _______ found in _______."
 * 16) Just about everything listed on Millionth topic pool.
 * 17) For that matter, Millionth topic pool.
 * 18) Anything about your cat or dog and how cute it is (or your hamster, degu, or chinchilla).Adam's Cat.jpg
 * 19) Exploding Whales, or indeed Exploding Wales, or even Exploding Jimbo Wales. Or blowing up any other animals; for example, exploding mice, or even exploding Velociraptor, for that matter.  Most things that implode are pretty much off the list too, with a few exceptions.
 * 20) Anything written under the influence of recreational substances or while tired and emotional.
 * 21) An article about another article, written after the use of aforementioned substances.
 * 22) A fork of an existing article for the sole purpose of adding some humor.
 * 23) The weather in London. Not even a redirect. (Wowee)Lolcat2.jpg in the cruel world of Wikipedia.]]
 * 24) Your guild in World of Warcraft or similar time wasters. Just because you have no life a personally fascinating hobby doesn't mean you get to tell the world about it. And don't write about this guy in your guild who wiped your raid, either.
 * 25) Something you just saw on YouTube and, possibly, laughed at.
 * 26) Something you just put on YouTube.
 * 27) An article tdat haz badly grammer and?or speelling. Insulting, bad puucnktation!!
 * 28) Any meme, no matter how popular or important. We're not saying don't use your Imagination.
 * 29) Anything you don't know the title of.
 * 30) Your wiki or blog. It's probably not internationally famous. If it is, well, go ahead, but let's face it; your blog of cute cats is not internationally famous (three readers is not fame).
 * 31) Your new invention or research paper that will change the world. It will undoubtedly fail.
 * 32) Anything about your cat named Bubba or your dog named Max. No one cares. Trust us.
 * 33) Your nomination for the Noble (or even Nobel) Peace Prize.
 * 34) Anything about how you were abducted by aliens.
 * 35) An article on the dream you had last night. No matter how long you describe it, it will never be interesting: Even if dreaming that you were the inventor of the chalk board who had to overcome obstacles from the evil book binding lobbyists deeply moved you to tears upon waking up.
 * 36) An article on the person that knocked on your door while you were writing the article about your dream last night, causing you to forget about the dream (but I'll be honest, I feel for you).
 * 37) An article about Wikpiedia, Wikipaedia, Wiokipedia, Wikipeedia, Wikipeadia, or any other Wikis that appear to be Wikipedia but aren't.
 * 38) An article about the media response to the Wikipedia article about the barely notable thing that shouldn't even have an article (recursivity has its limits, even here).
 * 39) The difference between Hoagy Carmichael and Stokely Carmichael. 4_Kittens.jpg.]]
 * 40) An entry promoting your hilarious web series about Wikipedia.
 * 41) Recreating this dumb list.
 * 42) Anything about hashtags. #IHateHashtags
 * 43) Anything about how fat you are or how much weight you're losing (trust us; no one cares).
 * 44) Headlight flashing – I know, it's preposterous, even for Wikipedia. But when you're done laughing and/or crying, follow the link. It really exists.
 * 45) Assumptions about the conclusions of scientific publications that you have seen the titles of, but not read.
 * 46) Your self-published book.
 * 47) McGannahan Skjellyfetti.
 * 48) An article about your friend's latest selfie. Or, for that matter, selfie stick. They are banned in most places anyway.
 * 49) Lists of times at which commercial breaks occurred during a sporting event.
 * 50) Your personal opinions about your significant other.
 * 51) An article on discussing the differences between you and your close friends. It does not matter to most people in the world.
 * 52) An article about how Tyson Foods is run by a bunch of chicken fuckers because the main article is protected from vandalism by the legions of Internet trolls.
 * 53) Yet another list of Google Doodles. Tabby cat with blue eyes-3336579.jpg pictures in this article, individual cats are usually not notable enough for a Wikipedia article.]]
 * 54) A new sex position that you and your boys theory-crafted one night. Including whatever 54 would mean.
 * 55) List of Nigerian Princes.
 * 56) Times Scooby-Doo has defied the laws of reality.
 * 57) A list of celebrity couples names for couples that you wish would get together, but as of now, haven't.
 * 58) Your stupid esoteric programming language you made up to 'test the boundaries of computer programming language design'.
 * 59) Any article related to odorous gas clouds, but particularly smelly farts.
 * 60) Your YouTube channel, unless you have millions of fangirls.
 * 61) Your opinion and/or fascination about outer space, even if there are lots of unusual exoplanets out there. Yes, we know. They're weird. No need to tell us that.
 * 62) Your opinion on time traveling to have dinner with the members of Bone Symphony, Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, Boney M., or The Right Honourable Bonar Law.
 * 63) The time you laughed about someone eating a red 5 lb gummy skull while wearing a jetpack while driving a limousine at 5 a.m. on a Tuesday in August 2018.
 * 64) An article that uses templates to perform math for no apparent reason besides your entertainment.
 * 65) Your anus and how it had very good funny time with girl.
 * 66) The time you laughed at someone living in Fortnite (Chapter 1), even though I get that they were eaten by a black hole. Oh well, they came back!.
 * 67) Posting a video of yourself saying the n-word, especially if you're not Black.
 * 68) Posting an image of yourself falling off the Burj Khalifa.
 * 69) (nice)
 * 70) Singing any Cardi B song.
 * 71) About the food that you find (or don't find) tasty.
 * 72) List of promises by politicians.
 * 73) Posting any number of useless messages made by bored editors of Wikipedia.Shiba_inu_taiki.jpg.]]Walking tiger female.jpg
 * 74) Your low-effort school play of "How the Grinch Stole Christmas!".
 * 75) Your high-effort Broadway play of "Cats".
 * 76) A list of times you pinged @everyone on your Discord server.
 * 77) Your Sonic the Hedgehog fanart (unless you are Tyson Hesse).
 * 78) Your romantic relationship with sentient AI.
 * 79) The number of people who read this list all the way through.
 * 80) List of lists of lists of lists. The only entry there would be List of lists of lists.
 * 81) Your sexual relationship with the cover art of Press.
 * 82) Times that sexual positions have saved the world from further harm.
 * 83) The bike horn cover of the Evangelion theme.
 * 84) The reason why Judy Garland was divorced by so many people.
 * 85) A catchphrase, like "Eat my shorts!" or "Bite my shiny metal ass!".
 * 86) Your collection of sticks that you pretended were firearms or swords.
 * 87) Your fanon ideas. What the hell is a "Sticky: His Fun GoAnimate! Adventures (1998)" VHS tape?
 * 88) Your conspiracy theory that emus and squids will take over the world. Worship your new squimu overlords.
 * 89) That your grandma briefly dated  a famous person. We do NOT care.
 * 90) Your high school sports teacher that played sports in a local sports club.
 * 91) A 6,000-page article on why Milk Duds are the work of the devil.
 * 92) Your random self-made car that you somehow built in a shed. It's probably worse than the original version, anyways.
 * 93) A local dirt track race that, let's face it, almost nobody cares about. Even if it had over 100 cars in the race. No.
 * 94) A list of unofficial Kirby media. Or a list of any unofficial media of any intellectual property, actually.
 * 95) The debate on whether Tracker is a Chihuahua or a potcake dog. (Note: It would generally make more sense for him to be a potcake.)
 * 96) A list of reasons why you think Stacy's mom has got it going on unless you are Fountains of Wayne.
 * 97) Creating an article that has no purpose. (Did we do that already?)
 * 98) That time you (definitely) performed a milestone.
 * 99) List of things that can play Bad Apple. Or actually playing it in Wikipedia. If you look in the correct area, someone did.
 * 100) List of your favorite moments from the 1996 movie Space Jam
 * 101) The best candy (It's Candy Corn)(No it's obviously licorice, duh)
 * 102) An article where everything consists solely of this link
 * 103) An article talking about how cool Uncyclopedia is (we don't really wanna know).
 * 104) Nonexistent shows or movies. No matter how many times you add it to pages or create a draft and act like it exists, it won't stay up for long, so don't even bother.
 * 105) An in-depth article on who is better between LeBron James and Michael Jordan. Like...really? C'mon. Be serious, guys.
 * 106) That time you got a girlfriend (Seriously, you're editing Wikipedia. Be realistic).
 * 107) An article about an essay that uses Hangman to explain the subject. We already have the essay, don't need the article too.
 * 108) An article that is just a resume so you can possibly get hired by people who googled your name. It’s not quirky, it’s just unsourced advertising.
 * 109) An article about the basement you live in. Nobody, especially girls, are going to want to enter your parent's home, dude. Ok, maybe your girlfriend - but nobody else.
 * 110) An article about the sand castle you made in 3rd grade.
 * 111) A 77-page essay as to why Caravan Palace is the best band in the universe. <|°_°|>
 * 112) A list of the times the film Foodfight! made you want to cry into your Cheerios. Me too, buddy.Cat_capturing_selfie.jpg
 * 113) Some erotic fanfiction you found on the internet that you happened to like.
 * 114) Anything involving asking how to create an article on Wikipedia, Wikpedia, Wekpidea, Wekipogia, or any variations of the word.
 * 115) Something from this trash pit you found funny and want to make a reality. It was deleted for a reason.
 * 116) Imagine doing nothing and you're famous (even made a Wikipedia article about it)
 * 117) Somebody's buttocks


text:
Talk:Crazy Frog

Censorship Method
The article states that in advertising, pixelation was used to censor genetalia. However, In the citation, pixelation is not mentioned at all. PerryPerryD Talk To Me 15:58, 25 October 2022 (UTC)

 * Just removed it since like you say the reference doesn't specify it as such. TylerBurden (talk) 05:53, 26 October 2022 (UTC)

Crazy Frog & Ukraine
The article currently states: In April 2022, the Government of Ukraine uploaded a video on Facebook of Russian tanks being hit by Ukrainian strikes during the Russian invasion of Ukraine with "Crazy Frog" playing in the background.

This sentence has two issues. The first issue is that it is grammatically incorrect. This is for two reasons: The use of quotation marks around "Crazy Frog" in unnecessary, and regardless of the presence of the quotation marks, it's an incomplete sentence because it lacks context to what is actually playing.

As noted in the main article, the noises made by the Crazy Frog character are a "sound effect produced by Daniel Malmedahl while attempting to imitate the sound of a two-stroke engine". Without any context to what's playing in the video, it's unclear if a song is playing, or simply Crazy Frog sound effects. A simple, four word solution to this would be to correct the sentence to "In April 2022, the Government of Ukraine uploaded a video on Facebook of Russian tanks being hit by Ukrainian strikes during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, with a song by the Crazy Frog playing in the background."

However, while this would be an appropriate fix, I argue that the second issue with the sentence is that the name of the song that is playing is important for the context of the event itself. The Crazy Frog has a varied discography, with many songs that would that would significantly affect the tone of the video. A song such as "We Are the Champions (Ding a Dang Dong)" has a more victorious theming, whereas the actual song in the video, "Axel F", is decidedly more goofy and lighthearted. On top of that, adding in the title of the song does not add significant length to the article. ("with a song by the Crazy Frog playing in the background." vs. "with the Crazy Frog's cover of "Axel F" playing in the background.")

I am now providing two reliable sources for the title of the song in the video: A news article by Vice Media Group LLC, as well as a direct link to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine's original Facebook post of the video in question.

To summarize: Simply performing a minor grammar correction on the sentence in question would resolve a majority of the issue. However, I argue that the title of the song being included as well provides important context to the reader without adding unnecessary length or complexity to the article. Edcellwarrior (talk) 19:47, 25 January 2024 (UTC)

 * @Edcellwarrior Like I said in a previous edit summary "the source does not mention the song name, so unless WP:RS is found that does, the exact name of the song is trivia". While the Facebook source (which is not optimal in general) never mentioned the song by name, you have now found a source that does, and I think is fair to include in this instance. So if you restore your edit using that instead, I wouldn't be opposed to it. TylerBurden (talk) 22:30, 25 January 2024 (UTC)
 * I have now restored my edit, using the new source. Thank you for your assistance! Edcellwarrior (talk) 14:06, 26 January 2024 (UTC)

also named
its also named "the most annoying thing" not just the annoying thing ! 2001:9E8:634C:7A00:4D6F:F1AB:ADB6:2122 (talk) 09:56, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

 * or more specifically "the most annoying thing in the world", see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k85mRPqvMbE&t=12s (at official video time index 0:12) 2001:9E8:634C:7A00:4D6F:F1AB:ADB6:2122 (talk) 09:59, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Crazy Frog


text:
Ivan Heng

Ivan Heng (born 20 September 1963) is a Singaporean actor and theatre director of Peranakan descent. He is the founding artistic director of W!LD RICE, a theatre company in Singapore, and an outspoken advocate for respect for diversity and freedom of expression.

Heng is the first male Singaporean actor to break into English-speaking roles in Hollywood films with his role in Luc Besson's The Fifth Element, the first female actress from Singapore being Lydia Look, who played a Fuzhou actress in a Jackie Chan Hollywood film.

Biography
A theatre director, actor, playwright and designer, Heng's productions are concerned with identity, migration and gender and sexual politics within intercultural contexts. They have played festivals and theatres in more than 20 cities around the world including Melbourne International Arts Festival, New Zealand International Arts Festival, Edinburgh Fringe, ICA International Festival of the Chinese Diaspora (London), Hong Kong City Festival, Royal Tropical Institute (Netherlands), SIETAR Congress (Munich), WOTM Conference (Belgium) and Re:Map Festival (Copenhagen).

Heng's background is in both Asian and Western theatre traditions: training as a director with Kuo Pao Kun of Practice Performing Arts in Singapore; ballet, jazz and contemporary dance as a scholar with Dance Arts Singapore; and training with the Peking Opera in Hong Kong (Hong Kong Tang's Opera Troupe) and Singapore (Leling Peking Opera Troupe, Chinese Theatre Circle). He also spent a summer at the British American Drama Academy in Oxford. His mentor, colleague and closest collaborator was Krishen Jit with whom he collaborated on M. Butterfly, The Coffin is too Big for the Hole, No Parking on Odd Days, Emily of Emerald Hill and The Visit of the Tai tai.

Early years
Heng was educated at Anglo-Chinese School, Temasek Junior College and the National University of Singapore, where he studied law from 1984 to 1988. He was admitted to practice as a lawyer until the acting bug led him to various theatres, winning many awards in Edinburgh, London, Canada and finally Hollywood. Heng was awarded the Cultural Medallion, Singapore's highest arts honour, in 2013.

Whilst studying for his law degree, Heng attended Kuo's directing workshop, acted with Singapore Theatre American Repertory Showcase (S*TARS), and directed and designed sets as a founding member of The Necessary Stage.

Heng originated the lead role of Malcolm Png in Michael Chiang's Army Daze in 1987. He also played Frankie Wong in Beauty World, and Song Liling in the All-Asian premiere of M. Butterfly in India in 1989 (a role originated on the West End by his future collaborator Glen Goei). Heng also performed in M. Butterfly at the Singapore Arts Festival in 1990.

Overseas work
In 1990, Heng became the first recipient of the BAT Arts Scholarship to the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama, now the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland, in Glasgow. He graduated with top honours, including the Royal Lyceum Theatre Award for Best Shakespearean Performance (Richard III), the Margaret Gordon Award for Best Final Year Performance, and the Dorothy Innes Prize for Best Studentship. In 2024, he received an honorary doctorate from the institution.

Heng made his UK directorial debut at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival with a Singaporean play – Ovidia Yu's The Woman in a Tree on the Hill. The production won the Scotsman Edinburgh Fringe First (Singapore's first and only), as well the Scottish Daily Express New Names of '93 Award. Thereafter, he moved to London where he worked in film, television and radio, and founded the Tripitaka Theatre Company to do touring productions with an Asian point of view, like his autobiographical solo Journey West (1995).

Return to Singapore
In 1998, after touring extensively throughout Europe, Heng decided to return to Singapore to contribute and make a difference to Singapore's nascent arts scene.

In 2000, Heng founded W!LD RICE. His projects for the company include directing The Campaign to Confer the Public Service Star on JBJ, Second Link – The Singapore Malaysia Text Exchange, ''Oi! Sleeping Beauty!!, The Visit of the Tai Tai, Landmarks – Asian Boys Vol.2, Cinderel-lah!, Animal Farm, Ang Tau Mui, The Woman in A Tree on the Hill, An Occasional Orchid; set designing The Magic Fundoshi, Boeing Boeing, Landmarks, Ang Tau Mui, Animal Farm, An Occasional Orchid, and Kuo Pao Kun's The Coffin is too Big for the Hole and No Parking on Odd Days; and acting in The Visit of the Tai Tai, For the Pleasure of Seeing Her Again, Emily of Emerald Hill, Animal Farm, La Cage Aux Folles and The Importance of Being Earnest''.

Other highlights of his career include acting in Army Daze, Beauty World (both original casts) and M. Butterfly (India, Canada, Singapore); conceiving and directing Ah Kong's Birthday Party (Singapore's longest-running play); directing Dim Sum Dollies Steaming! and Singapore's Most Wanted (Esplanade Theatre), Phua Chu Kang: the Musical for the President of Singapore's Star Charity, Puccini's Madama Butterfly for the Singapore Lyric Opera (Esplanade Theatre), and co-directing and performing in Hotel Grand Asia, a three-year intercultural collaboration involving 16 theatre artists from seven cities at the Setagaya Public Theatre in Tokyo.

In 2006, Heng was Artistic Director of the inaugural Singapore Theatre Festival, which was presented by W!LD RICE and featured nine productions by five theatre companies, including five World Premieres, seminars and workshops. In 2009, he served as Creative Director for Singapore's National Day Parade. In 2010, he was Creative Director for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the inaugural Youth Olympic Games held in Singapore.

Heng's awards for excellence in theatre include the Edinburgh Fringe First, Scottish Daily Express New Names of '93 Award, Edinburgh Spirit of the Fringe 1995, Singapore Young Artist Award 1996, the Singapore Youth Award 1998, the Straits Times Life! Theatre Award for Best Director 2002, the Singapore Tatler Leadership Award for Culture (2006) and the Cultural Medallion in 2013. He shares his practice by giving workshops internationally, and has taught at the Central School of Speech and Drama (London), Tramway (Glasgow), Intercult (Stockholm), Kannonhallen (Denmark), Dramalab (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), and LASALLE College of the Arts in Singapore. He was also a participant at London's Royal Court Theatre 10th International Summer Residency.

Personal life
In August 2014, Heng married his long-time partner Tony Trickett in London. Heng met Trickett, now the executive director of W!LD RICE, in 1996.

Films

 * 2013: Sex.Violence.FamilyValues. – Pole Dance Judge
 * 1999: Rogue Trader – Singapore Bartender
 * 1997: The Fifth Element (Le Cinquième élément) – Left Arm

Plays

 * 2015: Public Enemy – Dr. Thomas Chee
 * 2013: The Importance of Being Earnest – Lady Bracknell
 * 2012: La Cage Aux Folles – Albin
 * 2011: Emily of Emerald Hill – Emily
 * 2011: The Weight of Silk on Skin – John Au Yong
 * 2006: Jack and the Beansprout – Widow Neo
 * 2004: For the Pleasure of Seeing You Again – Narrator
 * 2002: Emily of Emerald Hill – Emily
 * 2000: Emily of Emerald Hill – Emily
 * 1999: Emily of Emerald Hill – Emily

title: Ivan Heng


text:
The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language

The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language: A Complete Encyclopedic Lexicon, Literary, Scientific, and Technological, edited by Rev. John Ogilvie (1797–1867), was an expansion of the 1841 second edition of Noah Webster's American Dictionary. It was published by W. G. Blackie and Co. of Scotland, 1847–1850 in two large volumes.

With the addition of a third supplement volume in 1855, Ogilvie increased Webster's 70,000 word coverage to over 100,000. He included words from science, technology, and the arts; much British usage omitted by Webster; an unusual number of provincial and Scottish words; and added quotations and encyclopedic information for many words. With over 2,000 woodcut illustrations, it was the first significantly illustrated dictionary, setting the trend which continues today.

A revised and expanded edition by Charles Annandale was published in 1882 at London in four volumes, over 3,000 pages, with about 130,000 entries, revised definitions and etymologies, and 3,000 illustrations. Although the vocabulary coverage was small by today's standards, it was the largest English dictionary at the time. This edition went through numerous printings in various forms well into the twentieth century.

Due to disputes with the publisher of Webster's American Dictionary (G. & C. Merriam Company), the American edition of the Imperial, published by The Century Company of New York in 1883, contained a copyright notice stating:

"Certain owners of American copyrights having claimed that undue use of matter so protected has been made in the compilation of the Imperial Dictionary, notice is hereby given that arrangement has been made with the proprietors of such copyright matter for the sale of this work in this country. The Century Co. May 1st, 1883."

The Century Company acquired rights to Annandale's Imperial and used it as the basis for the much larger American work, the Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, published 1889–1891.

An adaptation of the Imperial by George W. Ogilvie, called Webster's Imperial Dictionary, was published in 1904, versions and revisions of which have been issued under various titles, including Webster's Universal Dictionary and Webster's Twentieth Century Dictionary.


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Gabon Express

Gabon Express was an airline based in Libreville, Gabon. It operated scheduled passenger services and passenger and cargo charters. It ceased operations in June 2004.

History
The airline was established in 1998 and started operations on 26 October 1998 between Libreville and Port-Gentil. The airline operated both Caravelle and HS 748 Aircraft. It grew to become the second largest airline in Gabon, operating 60 scheduled flights a week from Libreville. The airline's operations were suspended following the crash of one of its aircraft on 8 June 2004. Operations ceased on 15 June 2004.

At the time the airline ceased operations, it was the only airline still operating Caravelle aircraft in scheduled passenger services.

Accidents and incidents

 * On June 8, 2004, a Gabon Express flight using a Hawker Siddeley HS 748 Series 2A, departed from Libreville for a scheduled passenger flight to Franceville. Engine problems forced the crew to turn back for Libreville but the aircraft crashed 100 m offshore. Of the 30 people on board, 19 of them were killed. The Gabonese government proposed legal action against the company and banned it from operating, claiming it had failed to insure its aircraft.

Fleet
Over the years, Gabon Express operated the following aircraft types:
 * 3 – Hawker Siddeley HS 748
 * 2 – Grumman Gulfstream I
 * 2 – Sud Aviation Caravelle
 * 1 – Fokker F27
 * 1 – NAMC YS-11

title: Gabon Express


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Talk:Fungo Squiggly

Why does Fungo have a page and not Darby Conley?

Rewrite request
A lot of this article is poorly written. It needs to be reworded in a more clear and understandable manner.

Cuspids
So if Fungo knocked Bucky's cupsids out twice... Bucky has NO upper cuspids now? --Menchi 17:38, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nope, the same tooth was knocked out twice. He only had one cuspid to begin with. -DynSkeet 15:20, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Proposed merge
The use of separate articles for individual characters (and one character's inanimate toy bear!) causes information about Get Fuzzy to be unnecessarily fragmented and inconvenient to access. Get Fuzzy does not have a particularly large cast of characters or involve a complicated 'universe,' and I see no reason the character descriptions couldn't be incorporated into the main article. This would allow users to get all the information we have about Get Fuzzy in one place. FoxTrot -- a strip of comparable popularity, with a larger cast of characters -- incorporates all its information into one entry and is, in my opinion, a better article for it. Let's merge all these entries and give Get Fuzzy the definitive article it deserves. Perodicticus 16:27, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fungo Squiggly


text: Category:Airlines of Gabon

title: Category:Airlines of Gabon


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Mohan Sivanand

Mohan Sivanand is an Indian journalist and artist. For a decade, until October 2015, he was Editor-in-Chief of the Indian edition of Reader's Digest, India's largest-selling magazine in English until his retirement that month.

title: Mohan Sivanand