text:
User talk:Boshtang

Creating sections on talk pages
Boshtang, did you know that if you want to create a new section on a talk page, you can simply click on the plus-sign next to the "edit this page" tab? This has some advantages: first, the new section will automatically get the correct section name in the edit summary. Second, the new section will automatically appear at the bottom of the page, per Wikipedia talk page standards.

I hope this helps! — DLJessup 16:03, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thanks--Boshtang 05:31, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Iraq election
The aim of the election was to elect a legislature. That has been done, and that is what the article is about. What happens after that belongs in another article. Adam 06:24, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Redirects
I've seen your entry on Shelly Long. You can automatically redirect articles using special code as explained on Redirect which is preferred. We're not a search engine, so the message: Did you mean Shelley Long, an american actress in the popular sitcom, Cheers? is a bit out of place. Happy editing! Mgm|(talk) 09:22, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

Lisa Kudrow
You had added three images to Lisa Kudrow's page. I have removed two of them as I felt that just one was sufficient for the page. Gaurav1146 13:52, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Johnny Cochran
Hi. The image on the article appears to have that fade into the clouds of heaven effect, which isnt really proper for an article here. When you find a better version you can upload it over the current one by giving it the exact same title as the current one. It will ask if you want to save over the current one. Be wel, SV|t 21:45, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Congresssymbol.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Congresssymbol.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

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-- Spundun 03:34, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Ettumaanur
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Ettumanoor, but we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. Perhaps you would like to rewrite the article in your own words. For more information about Wikipedia's policies and guidelines, take a look at our Five Pillars. Happy editing!

lots of issues | leave me a message 18:24, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

Image:FDR Wheel Chair.jpg
Image:FDR Wheel Chair.jpg, an image that you uploaded, does not have a copyright tag on it. Please put one on there, saying whether you created it yourself, got it somewhere, etc. -- King of Hearts | (talk) 01:19, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Statue_of_liberty_in_planet_of_the_apes.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Statue_of_liberty_in_planet_of_the_apes.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact Carnildo or ask for help at Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. Thank you.

Image Tagging Image:Kerala pathanamthitta.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Kerala pathanamthitta.gif. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image Tagging Image:Kerala trivandrum.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Kerala trivandrum.gif. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image Tagging Image:Kerala palakkad.gif
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Image Tagging Image:Kerala wayanad.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Kerala wayanad.gif. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Semi-automated template substitution

 * This page was modified to semi-automatically substitute templates using Pathoschild's template list. // Rory 0 96 02:30, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Courteney Cox.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:David Schwimmer.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:FDR Wheel Chair.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:FDR Wheel Chair.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image Tagging for Image:Kerala_alappuzha.gif
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Unspecified source for Image:Lisa Kudrow 3.jpg
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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:57, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Boshtang


text:
Duck (disambiguation)

Duck is a name applied to several bird species of the family Anatidae.

Duck, The Duck or ducks may also refer to:

Places

 * Duck, North Carolina, United States, a small town
 * Duck, West Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community
 * Monte Creek, British Columbia, Canada, a rural locality originally named "Ducks"
 * Duck Creek (disambiguation)
 * Duck Island (disambiguation)
 * Duck Lake (disambiguation)
 * Duck River (disambiguation)

People

 * Duck (nickname)
 * Duck (surname)
 * Duck, a pseudonym of Don Manley (born 1945), a British compiler of crosswords

Fictional characters

 * Duck (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)
 * Duck the Great Western Engine a character from The Railway Series and the children's television series Thomas & Friends
 * Duck, in the anime Princess Tutu
 * Duck, in the British horror web series Don't Hug Me I'm Scared
 * Duck, a main character in the British television show Sarah & Duck
 * Duck, in the animated television series WordWorld
 * Wayne "Duck" Newton, in the podcast The Adventure Zone
 * Duck Phillips, in the AMC television series Mad Men
 * Ducks, a race of sentient creatures in the Glorantha setting for the fantasy role-playing games RuneQuest and Suikoden
 * Donald Duck, an animated character from Walt Disney Animation Studios
 * Daffy Duck and Mellisa Duck (Tina Russo in The Looney Tunes Show), two characters from Looney Tunes

Music

 * The Ducks, a 1977 Santa Cruz, California, band with Neil Young and some former members of Moby Grape
 * "The Duck" (song), a 1966 hit single by Jackie Lee
 * Duck Records, a record label
 * Duck Studios, a production studio based in Los Angeles, California
 * Duck (album), a 2019 album by Kaiser Chiefs

Film and television

 * Duck (film), a 2005 film by Nic Batterau
 * Duck! The Carbine High Massacre, a 1999 film about a fictional school shooting
 * Duck, a BBC Two television ident first aired in 1997; see BBC Two 1991–2001 idents
 * "Duck! / Aren't You Chupacabra To See Me?", an episode of The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy
 * "Ducks", an episode of the television series Teletubbies

Other media

 * Duck (video game), a 1987 puzzle platform game for NES
 * Ducks: Two Years in the Oil Sands, a 2022 graphic novel by Kate Beaton

Brands and enterprises

 * Duck Brand, a duct tape brand now used on a variety of products
 * Duck Donuts, a doughnut shop
 * On2 Technologies, formerly The Duck Corporation, which designed video codec technology
 * Toilet Duck, a brand of toilet cleaner, known simply as Duck in the British Isles

Sports and games

 * Duck (bridge), a tactic in the card game of contract bridge
 * Duck (cricket), a cricketing term denoting a batsman being dismissed with a score of zero
 * Anaheim Ducks, a hockey team
 * Beijing Ducks, a Chinese basketball team
 * Lohja Ducks, a Finnish ice hockey team
 * Long Island Ducks, a minor league baseball team
 * Oregon Ducks, the sports teams of the University of Oregon

Transportation

 * American Canyon Transit, also known as "The Duck"
 * Citroën 2CV, a car model nicknamed "The Duck"
 * Ducati, a motorcycle company, sometimes shortened to "Duc" or "Duck"
 * Duck, one of several vessels by that name
 * DUKW, commonly pronounced "duck", an amphibious six-wheel drive vehicle used by the US military during World War II
 * Goodyear Duck, a 1940s amphibian aircraft
 * Grumman JF Duck, a 1930s biplane amphibious aircraft built for the US Navy
 * Grumman J2F Duck, amphibious aircraft derived from the JF Duck

Other uses

 * Duck, a lead weight used by draftsmen to hold splines in place
 * Duck, a hypocorism or affectionate phrase, often used in parts of the Midlands and South Yorkshire in England, originally derived from the title Duke
 * Duck, a very short cave sump
 * Duck, in architecture, any building in the shape of something associated with it; named for the Big Duck
 * Cotton duck, a fine strong cloth made from untwilled linen, later cotton
 * Duck as food, the meat of the bird
 * Duck Samford Stadium, a football stadium in Auburn, Alabama, nicknamed "The Duck"
 * "Duck", the victim of Ducking (slang), a technique for manipulating prison staff
 * Ducks (hiking) or cairn, a pile of three or more stones used to mark an off-trail hiking route

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Duck (disambiguation)


text:
Moonie Highway

The Moonie Highway is a state highway of Queensland, Australia. Part of State Route 49, it leaves the Warrego Highway at Dalby and runs for over 290 km until it reaches St George. From there, State Route 49 continues west as the Balonne Highway. From Dalby, it continues north-east as the Bunya Highway.

The highway serves agricultural settlements as well as oil and gas fields.

Route description
The Moonie Highway is part of two of the many practicable routes from the south-east of Queensland to the south-east of South Australia. It is also on the shortest route to St George and Cunnamulla from any locality on or near the Queensland coast from Bundaberg to Coolangatta.

Dalby to Moonie
The highway leaves Dalby via Nicholson and Loudoun Streets. After about 7.8 km it crosses Myall Creek just south of its junction with the Condamine River. After a further 1.7 km it crosses the Condamine. It runs through rich farming land until it reaches the locality of Kumbarilla near the intersection with the Surat Developmental Road. Kumbarilla is located on a ridge (Kumbarilla Ridge) which divides the Surat Basin from the Clarence-Moreton Basin to the east. The road then passes by and through the Kumbarilla State Forest, an area of about 86,000 hectares of native bushland. It then passes through the Waar Waar State Forest and more farmland before reaching the Leichhardt Highway at Moonie.

Moonie to St George
From Moonie the highway passes through more farmland, passing the timbered area of Southwood National Park. It then passes through Currajong State Forest and Kinkora State Forest before reaching Westmar. From Westmar it passes through more farmland, and also Ula Ula State Forest and Alton National Park. It ends at the Carnarvon Highway, about 9.1 km from the centre of St George.

History
The first recorded European settlement in the Moonie district was in about 1849 when land at the head of the Moonie River was formed into a station and named "Weranga". The current locality of Weranga, the Weranga railway station, and the Weranga State Forest are all in the area once occupied by the station. As further stations were formed along the Moonie River a road to access them was developed, generally following the course of the main channel of the river. This road still exists as Old Moonie Road. It runs to the north of and approximately parallel to the Moonie Highway, from Weranga to the Meandarra Talwood Road just north of Westmar. The name Westmar was derived from the first part of the words WESTern and MARanoa.

title: Moonie Highway


text: User talk:66.75.49.195

title: User talk:66.75.49.195


text:
Talk:Troll (Dungeons & Dragons)

Game stats
I'll correct my article myself as soon as I have time. -- newbie

Do we really need all the game stats for this animal? That's assuming the stats are not copyright. DJ Clayworth 20:16, 10 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Trolls are OGL, their stats are available for free display. I think the Warcraft reference is a bit fetched though. If any MMO was to be used the Everquest trolls are a closer copy to the D&D ones (fire weakness, regeneration, appearance)

 * I think including the stats for RPG creatures is beyond the scope of Wikipedia. I think a link to the SRD page would be sufficient.--Robbstrd 14:31, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

Copyright Issues
Quite a bit of this material was straight from the System Reference Document. Contrary to the above poster, this material is not "available for free display:" it is instead subject to an open license whose terms include duplication of that license agreement in full (which wasn't happening and doesn't seem likely for Wikipedia). --Stellmach 19:33, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Incomplete references
Place incomplete, unformatted, & erroneous references here, & remove them from this section when correct.--Robbstrd 23:44, 13 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Various. Dragon Compendium, Volume 1 (Paizo Publishing, 2005).

 * Various. Monster Manual III (Wizards of the Coast, 2004).

I was unable to find any published source at all for the blood troll and slime troll; can the existence of these two varieties be confirmed by anyone? I'll keep looking, and if I find them, I'll put them in. Edit: The slime troll is illustrated in Dragon 301, but has no stats at all that I can see; if stats haven't been published for a creature, does it canonically exist? Jakk42 (talk) 23:47, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Troll (Dungeons & Dragons)


text: User talk:68.80.187.83

title: User talk:68.80.187.83


text:
Rodrigo Granda affair

The Rodrigo Granda affair was an international incident that increased tension between Venezuela and Colombia between December 2004 and February 2005.

Events
On 13 December 2004, Rodrigo Granda, a member (the "foreign minister") of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, or "FARC"), was captured by individual Venezuelan officials in Caracas, Venezuela, and transferred to Cúcuta, Colombia (a departmental capital on the two nations' common border), where he was arrested by the Colombian authorities on 14 December.

Granda had been an uninvited attendant to the Second Bolivarian People's Congress in Caracas, an international gathering of supporters of the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela.

Colombia admitted that it offered and paid a reward for Granda's capture, although it initially denied that he had been captured in Caracas and transported to Cúcuta, only stating that he had been officially arrested by authorities in Cúcuta. The FARC issued a statement claiming that the Venezuelan state should have protected Granda during his visit, and Granda's lawyer said that Granda held dual Venezuelan and Colombian citizenship. The Venezuelan interior ministry dismissed the FARC's claims, stated that Granda's Venezuelan identification card had been obtained through the use of forged documents and, in addition, that Venezuela had been unaware of Granda's visit and therefore had never decided for or against protecting him. Venezuelan authorities stated that their country would have cooperated with Colombian authorities through official channels, but rejected what they considered an undue violation of their sovereignty.

Diplomatic tensions
This event set off a series of diplomatic tensions, with Colombia questioning Venezuela's lack of cooperation in law enforcement actions against guerrillas in its territory, the United States supporting Colombia's position and outright accusing Venezuela of harboring these guerrillas, Venezuela accusing Colombia of violating its sovereignty, and the FARC accusing Venezuela of doing too little to protect its members. Venezuela demanded an apology from Colombia, recalled its ambassador for consultations, and suspended bilateral (government-to-government) commercial agreements. Individuals and enterprises in both countries suffered, but Colombian border regions were especially affected by the crisis.

On 15 February 2005, Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez and Colombian President Álvaro Uribe held a summit meeting that they both said resolved the diplomatic tensions. Both presidents stated that their nations and governments would henceforth avoid discussing similar issues through the media, and instead they would communicate directly through official diplomatic channels, in order to cooperate more effectively in matters of their mutual interest. They both credited Cuba, Peru, and Brazil for helping with mediation, while Chávez blamed the United States for precipitating the crisis and trying to prevent its resolution. Commercial relations and agreements were fully restored.

title: Rodrigo Granda affair


text:
Girls Preparatory School

Girls Preparatory School, or GPS, is an all-female, college preparatory school in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1906 by Grace Eliza McCallie, Tommie Payne Duffy, and Eula Lea Jarnagin. GPS enrolls students in grades 6–12. These students are taught by GPS' 66 faculty members, over 80% of whom hold advanced degrees. Since 2006, GPS has won 20 state championships in various sports. In addition, the school has 49 National Merit Semifinalists graduates within the past 13 years. For the 2019–20 school year, GPS enrolled 560 girls from 28 zip codes, with 210 in Middle School and 350 in Upper School.

Its brother school, The McCallie School, was founded a year earlier by McCallie's brothers. GPS' Interim Head of School is Dr. Kirk Walker, former headmaster at The McCallie School.

Origins
In 1905, Duffy and Jarnagin, two public school teachers, asked the city school board to provide a fourth year of high school studies, including modern language and a lab science, so that girls, as well as boys, would apply for college. When their request was denied, they decided to create an independent school to prepare girls for higher education and convinced their friend Grace McCallie to join them.

In 12 weeks, they converted McCallie's former home to a school. The three founders pooled all of their money, $300, to equip and launch the school. The school opened on September 12, 1906, in a four-room schoolhouse at 106 Oak Street, which had formerly been McCallie's home. The ground floor contained classrooms with second-hand desks. There was also an alcove library and cloakroom.

The school welcomed 45 enrolled students on the first day of classes on September 12, 1906. Each girl paid $80 tuition per year, and at the end of the first year one of the students was accepted to and enrolled in Randolph-Macon Woman's College. In 1915, the school relocated to a larger brick building at 611 Palmetto Street. In 1947, GPS again moved, this time to its current home on Island Avenue, with 14 classrooms, a study hall, library and dining hall. Since the move, the campus has been significantly added on to and revitalized, with the addition of a separate middle school and high school, an 800-seat theater, and a new student center, among other facilities.

Girls Preparatory School celebrated its 100th anniversary during the 2005–2006 school year.

Academics
GPS offers a Middle School curriculum for grades 6–8, and an Upper School offering for grades 9–12.

The Upper School offers 24 Advanced Placement courses, ranging from AP Biology to AP Comparative Government and Politics, as well as various STEM course offerings.

Athletics
GPS competes in the Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association (TSSAA) and its varsity sports are:

 * Basketball
 * Bowling
 * Cheerleading
 * Climbing
 * Cross Country
 * Diving
 * Golf
 * Lacrosse
 * Rowing
 * Soccer
 * Softball
 * Swimming
 * Tennis
 * Track and Field
 * Volleyball

Cadek Conservatory of Music
The Cadek Conservatory of Music was founded in Chattanooga in 1904 by Joseph Ottokar Cadek, a Prague-born violinist. It became affiliated with the University of Chattanooga in 1935. In 2017, the Conservatory formed a new partnership with Girls Preparatory School, and relocated from Cadek Hall, on UTC's campus, to GPS's campus. Cadek Conservatory offers musical instruction for students of any ages in private, group, and ensemble settings.

Partnerships in the Community (PIC)
A broad spectrum of community organizations and components of local governments are part of PIC: East Side Elementary School and Chattanooga Girls Leadership Academy; City of Chattanooga Office of Multicultural Affairs and the Northside Neighborhood House; Habitat for Humanity of the Greater Chattanooga Area and the Chattanooga Area Food Bank.

Tucker River Fellows
At the retirement of former longtime headmaster Randy Tucker, the GPS Board of Trustees and friends of the school joined to honor his tenure with the establishment of the Tucker Fellows Program, a two-year student study of the Tennessee River. The mission of the program, which began in the summer before the 2014–15 school year, is to prepare future leaders to have an effect on the conservation of the Tennessee River. Fellows, selected prior to their freshman year, spend part of the summer and following academic year engaged in interdisciplinary scholarship and experiential learning about the many issues impacting their local watershed as well as learning about the historical, ecological, political, economic and aesthetic significance of the Tennessee River.

During the second year in the program, fellows focus on leadership skills while continuing to learn about the river and watershed. They read and discuss the works of current and historic environmental thinkers. They choose a focus and work with local experts, scientific literature, and policy to become more knowledgeable about their chosen topic. They then collect, analyze, and publish data. Throughout the program, fellows become familiar with the various entities that implement, enforce, and monitor watershed policy. By the end of the program, fellows propose solutions to watershed problems and become lifelong advocates for clean, healthy watersheds in the Chattanooga area and beyond.

Traditions
GPS upholds many traditions that are celebrated throughout the school year, with many including community service opportunities.

May Day
While most traditions are school-wide, some focus on certain grades. One such tradition is May Day, a pageant that combines the old traditions of a May Day from the Renaissance and a debutante pageant. The senior class is presented in colorful dresses, one by one, with a May Court and May Queen introduced separately; the May Queen is the last presented. The May Queen and Court are nominated by the senior class and then chosen by the student body and faculty based upon personality and embodiment of a true GPS girl. After the class is introduced, festivities are held on the school's front lawn, and seniors, guests, and the student body watch as different grades dance to music chosen to match that year's theme. The last dance is the May Pole ceremony, in which sophomores wrap three traditional May Poles for the Queen to walk under, ending the ceremony.

Senior Chapel Talks
Another tradition is that of senior Chapel Talks. Each senior gives a three- to seven-minute talk about a subject of her choosing to her peers and invited guests during a schoolwide assembly, also called Chapel, which occurs several times a week.

Cat-Rat
Another highly celebrated tradition is that of Cat-Rat, a pairing of a senior with a new sixth-grader. In this tradition the senior Cat acts as a mentor and friend to the sixth grader, her Rat. Cats decorate their Rats’ lockers prior to the start of school, and the revealing of the newly decorated locker is a key part of the Cat-Rat Reveal (which also takes place just before the start of school). In addition, during the Cat-Rat Reveal, the sixth grade Rats take part in a random drawing which determines the order of their Cats’ Chapel Talks. Several parties, activities, and celebrations help the girls get to know each other better and allow the senior girl to guide the younger student through her school year. The long-standing tradition has been known to bond students as friends and even business partners well into adulthood.

Robin Hood
Formerly, a weeklong festival was planned each year by an elected committee of students, known as Robin Hood. In the festival, any school-recognized club or team is able to open a booth and sell a craft or food for a charity of their choice. The committee itself could also operate a booth, which would benefit the overall goal of that year's Robin Hood. In the past, the main goal has been to gift Greg Mortenson, author of Three Cups of Tea: One Man's Mission To Promote Peace... One School At A Time and the founder of Central Asia Institute, with the money to endow a girls' school in Pakistan. Another year it was to help assist a like-minded Chattanooga school with a contribution to Chattanooga Girl's Leadership Academy, an all girls college preparatory charter school focusing on STEM education, the first public single-gender school in Tennessee. This long-standing tradition, however, was phased out by 2014.

MBD: Girl Edition
One of GPS's newer traditions, MBD: Girl Edition, is an entrepreneurial opportunity for girls in and around the Chattanooga area to seek knowledge and support from local professionals. It debuted in 2015 as a women's and girls' symposium, Mad Bad and Dangerous, and has hosted such notable guest speakers as Lori Greiner, prolific inventor and "Shark Tank" star. The most recent installment features a one-day Girls Marketplace, where girls can sell products and services, and a 24Hour Generator, which pairs students with mentors to help them solve real-world business problems as they compete for a cash prize. The event relies heavily on volunteers and financial support of businesses and community organizations.

Other
The onsite garden is maintained and cultivated by the environmental science class, a junior and senior science elective. The crops grown in the garden are chosen and raised by the students, harvested, and taken to the Chattanooga Area Food Bank, or included in the school's lunch menu.

There are many other traditions as well, such as a long-standing partnership with Habitat for Humanity, and leadership summer camps.

Alumnae

 * Carman Barnes, writer
 * Rachel Boston, actress
 * Tracy Seretean, Academy Award-winning filmmaker
 * Andrea Saul, Republican Party operative
 * Teresa Phillips, First female NCAA Division 1 Men's Basketball coach
 * Mai Belle Hurley, first female member of the Chattanooga City Council
 * Lisa Hendy, recipient of the Harry Yount Award of the National Park Service
 * Judge Marie Williams, first woman appointed judge of the Eleventh Circuit Court of Tennessee
 * R. Marie Griffith, John C. Danforth Distinguished Professor at Washington University in St. Louis, and author

Headmasters

 * 1906-18: Grace Eliza McCallie
 * 1906-45: Tommie Payne Duffy
 * 1906-45: Eula Lea Jarnagin
 * 1947-50: Edith M. Lewis
 * 1950-66: Mary Hannah Tucker
 * 1966-73: Dr. Paul G. Bode
 * 1973-87: Dr. Nathaniel C. Hughes, Jr.
 * 1987-2013: Stanley R. Tucker, Jr.
 * 2013-14: Sue Groesbeck (Interim)
 * 2014-20: Dr. Autumn A. Graves
 * 2020-21: Dr. R. Kirk Walker (Interim)
 * 2021-present: Megan Cover

title: Girls Preparatory School


text:
Talk:Alberta Golden Bears and Pandas

Untitled
how is there no controversy over its face? its wearing that stereotypical chinese hat with big buck teeth —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.237.130.176 (talk) 16:30, 28 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Get your vision checked
 * If you can find any sources backing up that claim feel free to add it.
 * Sincerely, --Namlong618 (talk) 09:44, 27 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alberta Golden Bears and Pandas


text:
Talk:Alberta Pandas

Error
After several verifications, I have determined that the tennis teams of the Golden Bears / Pandas do not currently compete in the NAIA and 2009 was the last season they competed in the NAIA. Reference 1 Reference 2 Reference 3  Cédric wants to abolish "Convention №. 2" like abolishing slavery. 17:12, 30 March 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alberta Pandas


text: User talk:24.54.226.165

title: User talk:24.54.226.165


text: Talk:Brandon Bobcats

title: Talk:Brandon Bobcats


text:
Peter Paul Busuttil

Peter Paul Busuttil (or Pietru Pawl Busuttil in Maltese) (1943 – 28 June 2017) was a Mayor of Hal Safi, Malta. He died on 28 June 2017 at the age of 74.

In 1986, Busuttil was accused of the murder of Raymond Caruana, a Nationalist activist after shots were fired towards the Nationalist Club of Gudja. It later transpired that Busuttil was framed by the Maltese police.

He was the first-ever mayor of Safi and remained so for 18 years until recently when the other party won over the council. Busuttil worked in the council as a council member and helped to take care of his much-beloved hometown, Safi.

title: Peter Paul Busuttil


text:
User talk:Jonahw

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has now been reverted or removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing in articles will be reverted quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. -- Rhobite 06:33, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you want to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. (Also note that trying to hide vandalism by flagging your edit as minor is a good way to get yourself swiftly blocked.) -- Hadal 07:28, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jonahw


text:
User:23skidoo/Archive1

Audrey Hepburn
All humans are related. Is there anyway you can restate your remarks about Audrey & Katherine Hepburn so they are true? - Nunh-huh 00:11, 15 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Audrey and Katherine Hepburn are 19th cousins once removed, by virtue of their common descent from Guillaume II de Avesnes & Jeanne de Valois, and 21st cousins by virtue of their common descent from King Edward I of England and Alianore de Castille. There are at lesat 341 other more distant relationships. -- Nunh-huh 09:01, 16 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Johnnie Rivers at VFD
I turned theJohnnie Rivers into a redirect to Johnny Rivers. That's a quicker way to handle a misspelling than waiting all the days for a deletion vote to happen, and it keeps someone else from making the same mistake and creating the article again. If this is ok with you, drop a note at VFD. Joyous 23:33, Sep 20, 2004 (UTC)

Sesame Park
Sesame Park isn't on any cable television station in Canada, to the best of my knowledge. Are you thinking of Sesame Street, Sesame Street Unpaved, or Play with Me Sesame, the first and last still of which of course air? Or perhaps the internationally broadcast Open Sesame, which appeared on Treehouse TV in Canada a few years ago? So you know, I write a column on Family Entertainment, and I am one of the largest Sesame Universe buffs you've ever seen. -- user:zanimum

Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein
I'm curious: why do you keep leaving the 'and' out of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein? --Paul A 04:22, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Unblock
I've unblocked that IP number, but may have to reblock if vandal comes back. Thanks. Fuzheado | Talk 09:19, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Star Trek
Hello,

I just wanted to let you know that I've noticed your work on Star Trek related articles. You contributions are very good and have improved Wikipedia's material on Star Trek. Please keep up the good work.

Acegikmo1 18:24, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Hey, I noticed that when I make Star Trek: Enterprise related articles, you come along and edit them. Well, I think that's just awesome. I hope you liked reading the articles I started on. I have a list of other Trek articles I have worked on in my user page. Feel free to go through them and correct any mistakes I might have made on them as well.

KJen74 05:59, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * It's me again. I keep telling myself that I am going to create an article page for each of the episodes in the ENT episodes list article but I just havn't got around to doing it. By the way, what did you think of my user page (hopefully it wasn't messed up)?

KJen74 02:57, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Hey, it's me again. I'm rewinding my ENT tape from last night, and I am going to go thru the whole thing and create an article on it in a couple of minutes. By the way, do you know what website to get the pictures like the ones that are posted on the ENT related articles from?

KJen74 03:09, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Exeptional Newcomer Award
I hereby award you the Exeptional Newcomer Award. Your positive contributions have helped many articles on Wikipedia. Martin TB 20:17, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Bond
I'm thinking the movie poster/infobox should be located at the top of the page and a new section that explains the plot of the novel or the differences between the novel and movie should be created where the picture of the book should be placed. Unfortunately, I've never read many of the James Bond novelizations/books including the Man with the Golden Gun. I've only read a few of the more recent novelizations, and Casino Royale. Reading more Fleming, is on my "to-do list". :) Also, since this has to do with Bond articles, what is your feeling on the List of James Bond vehicles article? (see talk page). K1Bond007 05:42, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)

Followup Sounds good. Out of curiosity, are you planning on putting the novel infobox on movies like Die Another Day (novelizations)? Either way. I was going to let you do this since I can't seem find a solid source about the years for paperback and hardback. Figured this was your area of expertise :) K1Bond007 19:33, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

 * Looking really good. I finished up Moonraker and Dr. No. As far as movie/novel articles go (ones written by Ian Fleming), IMO it's a book first, a movie second, and possibly a novelization last. So I've been putting the novel sections at the top. Novelizations on the other hand (in the case of Moonraker) I left at the bottom of the article.

 * I added on to the film infobox seperating Writer from Screenwriter, but I'm torn with how to do Moonraker and The Spy Who Loved Me. Since these are technically original films should it even list Ian Fleming in the film infobox? Written by: Wood? I'm leaning towards no on Ian Fleming being mentioned (at least more so for The Spy Who Love Me) K1Bond007 22:38, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

Do you know in what year, Glidrose Publications changed their name to Ian Fleming Publications? I know it was fairly recent, like late 90's maybe? I tagged Die Another Day and Silver Fin, the only ones I'm about 100% sure on as "Ian Fleming Publications". Regardless they go to the same article, but the year of the name change is missing and I can't find it anywhere. There was also another name change in there somewhere, but I'm not sure what it was -- ?? K1Bond007 03:02, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Re: Thanks. I've been slowly burning out :) I think honestly, the articles (the ones finished anyway) are looking pretty good with all the recent edits for the books, novelizations and film infoboxes, we've done. Hopefully, I can read a few Gardner and Benson novels to help you out, but considering I haven't read most of Fleming's yet, it doesn't seem likely :D I have plans to read SilverFin, but I'm already feeling that I won't like it. :( K1Bond007 04:20, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

InfoboxAnd it does this for you even after a refresh? Looks fine to me. I admit that sometimes I see text go behind boxes and pictures on Wikipedia in general, but a refresh usually fixes that? If it's not this, I guess I don't know what you're talking about? K1Bond007 05:52, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * Ohh ok. I got it, I think. It's a margin right? I fixed Goldfinger, but so far thats it. I'll get the rest tomorrow. K1Bond007 06:54, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Finished There we go. I believe I'm finished putting the infoboxes on all the articles now. If you see any problems that you can't fix, let me know. K1Bond007 23:24, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Template: Hey to change the movie titles on that box at the bottom of James Bond, you need to go to the template page. For that one it's Template:JamesBond. Personally, I think it should be deleted and another line should be added to Template:Bond movies listing Casino Royale and Never Say Never Again. K1Bond007 18:49, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)

Novels
Well, in the summary I wrote Official vs Unofficial, but thats not exactly what I meant. I personally feel that it should go Fleming, Amis, Gardner, Benson, Higson -> everything else. Since those are the actual Bond story writers. As I was redoing it I didn't know how to place the rest so I put Pearson first since it's technically "official", and then the remaining unpublished and unofficial novels last. I wasn't sure at all what to do with James Bond Jr. (Official, yet not about thee James Bond + not truly accepted by fans) So I just kept it last.

As far as the novels go, I think it's looking good. I'd help you there, but all I can do is check for grammatical and spelling errors since I've never read any of them (except Casino Royale). LOL. I keep saying it, but it's seriously on my list of things to read. Anyway, if you need something "James Bond" to edit you can always jump in on the character pages. I'm working on the villains. So far Auric Goldfinger, Francisco Scaramanga and Karl Stromberg are the only ones I've done. (I've also done some notable henchmen in the past: See Category:James Bond characters.) K1Bond007 20:10, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)

Blofeld

At some point, I could have sworn there was a Blofeld page. I think it got swallowed up by S.P.E.C.T.R.E which IMO should be seperate. This is something I'm planning on doing anyway. K1Bond007 05:20, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)

 * Take a look at both S.P.E.C.T.R.E. and Ernst Stavro Blofeld. I seperated the two and tried to add information to both. It may need to be reorganized. In fact there are a lot of contradictory statements in S.P.E.C.T.R.E. specifically because of how it differs from the novels to the films. One thing that bothers me is saying that SPECTRE was pretty much disbanded after the film You Only Live Twice yet we mention all the henchmen for OHMSS and Diamonds Are Forever as being henchmen for SPECTRE. Anyway, take a look and make whatever changes you feel are necessary. K1Bond007 20:26, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)

Follow up

LOL... you and me both. I didn't notice until someone corrected it on On Her Majesty's Secret Service. I'm pretty sure I fixed them all. I guess I either didn't notice at all or maybe I was thinking of "Proceeded". Heh.. it made me double check the dictionary. :P K1Bond007 03:27, Dec 16, 2004 (UTC)

SilverFin

I noticed it. Unfortunately, it's not the finished cover art so I'm holding off until they officially unveil the final version.

On a side note, I just wanted to inform you that soon I'm going to nominate a James Bond movie article as a "Featured article". For better reasons than others I'm going to select Thunderball since 2005 will be the 40th anniversary of the film. Lately, I've been doing a lot of work on it (specifically the parts dealing with McClory/NSNA/Sony v MGM/EON/Broccoli etc) I think the article is really good, but I also think it needs a few touch ups in other parts. Just keep this in mind, take a look see what you can add, make better etc. Thanks K1Bond007 07:26, Dec 24, 2004 (UTC)

Nominating an Article

I believe you just post it here and then people vote. The article has to meet certain criteria and you have to do certain things to the article while it's being voted on etc. K1Bond007 17:17, Dec 24, 2004 (UTC)

Bond article
Dude I have no idea. I reverted like 10 or so edits by one guy. He made some "ok" edits, but it was basically just what was already written only reworded. A lot of it was crap and for some reason shortened, which destroyed whatever the sentence was talking about. Instead of sitting there, picking and choosing what were good or bad edits, I just reverted. K1Bond007 03:49, Dec 28, 2004 (UTC)

Re

Hmm, I didn't have Colonel Sun on my watchlist, otherwise I would have seen it and probably reverted. Thats next for me, to add all the books to my watchlist. Eventually I'll get to read them. By the way, I'm actually reading Splinter Cell, which is by Raymond Benson (under a pseudonym). So far it's pretty good. I'm a fan of the video game series though.

FYI, I just moved the parody section out of James Bond to James Bond parodies. It needs a major cleanup though. Also please take a look at Category talk:James Bond movies and tell me what you think. In retrospect, I placed that discussion perhaps in the wrong place. I only mention it now because with the creation of the parody page, it's another article that can be included. The point of this is to basically get rid of the "See also"s on a variety of different pages including the main article where they're all linked. K1Bond007 22:10, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * I guess I wasn't that clear on the template. It wouldn't list villains or anything, it would just list the article List of James Bond villains. Like the Bond movies template, only it would point to Allies, villains, theme songs, parodies, etc. I think I'm just going to go ahead and make the template. The James Bond one that I want to change isn't linked anywhere I don't think. I guess you'll see. Speaking of this btw some guy added templates for Dr. No actors and FRWL actors. I don't know if you've seen it. I'm in the process of talking to him about it. Those will probably get removed tomorrow. The idea, IMO, is pretty bad - at least for Wikipedia. K1Bond007 22:31, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * Whoops forgot to answer your question. David Michaels. I already started a page and the information is on Benson's page already. K1Bond007 22:41, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * I made the template change. See Template:JamesBond. Tell me what you think K1Bond007 02:52, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

The comma guy

Yeah, I noticed that. It was that IP guy. He went around and basically reworded every page using massive amounts of commas. There was one short paragraph on the James Bond article that after reading about two or three times yesterday, I'm sad to say, I didn't understand what the hell it was saying. So I removed the entire thing :) Actually, I went back to a previous edit, took where the paragraph came from and inserted the old statements somewhere else in the article. I removed the comma in From Russia With Love because I've never really seen a comma used except for the older book on the page. The film title doesn't and the newer prints of the novels don't. I double checked this on the Ian Fleming website and it's listed w/o there as well.

Anyway, because of The comma guy I'm planning on going through the Overview and Personal information sections of the Bond article today. One of my plans is to move the Overview above the Personal information section. If you actually read the article from start to finish, it just seems kinda dumb to read the intro, then personal info on the character then move into the overview on James Bond the franchise and series. If you object let me know. I went ahead and finished up the template from yesterday and inserted it on the Bond article as well as every link that the template links to. K1Bond007 21:41, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

Goldfinger
It's still the one with the car. BTW, I don't think you need both "fairuse" and "bookcover". Bookcover states it's fairuse. Thats why they use it. To seperate it out of the fairuse category. K1Bond007 22:05, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * The whole bookcover tagging is relatively new - the wording probably hasn't been updated or worked with much to show what should be done. I only know because I've worked a lot with retagging images for video games using Screenshot, Gamecover, etc and then tagging the JB stuff Poster and Album. K1Bond007 22:23, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

The Man with the Golden Gun
Is there really any factual evidence to say that Amis finished Fleming's novel? Over at Kingsley Amis, someone rewrote the line to flat out say he did, although I've never seen anyone state it as fact, just merely suggest it. This is the same guy who just rewrote Terence Young, which I reverted because the guy apparently can't comprehend what a period does. (i.e. The comma man returns) His edit didn't add anything to the article either, just rewritten using a million commas. (I get the feeling that I've asked you this question before?) K1Bond007 05:41, Jan 9, 2005 (UTC)

Templates
First off I replied to your vehicle question. It was a Ford Fairlane, but I don't know the year. I'm guessing it's the 1957 (2nd picture - I did a comparison shot with one found online). I just wouldn't include a date unless you can find a definitive source, could be 1958?. Secondly, I added a template to James Bond 21. :) I doubt it bothers you, but the HTML code on the individual Bond pages is starting to bug me, so I decided I would streamline it by putting it into a template and making it easier. Take a look at the code and compare it to the HTML on every other Bond page and you'll see how much space is saved. But it's not just space, it's also in case we ever find a problem with the design (e.g. that one time with the border) or if we want to add or remove. It'll be pretty easy to do so. Would have come in handy that day we found out you misspelled "Preceeded". :D I'm planning on converting them all sometime this week. Slowly :) Since theres no teaser image for Bond 21 I threw up a "James Bond 21" in big font in the space till something is released. K1Bond007 03:56, Jan 11, 2005 (UTC)

Re: In the future perhaps, it's not on my to-do list for the moment - unless you think it's something that should be done. Speaking of templates and the novels though, I was very close to making a template for Benson's novles (which I'll do eventually), but I scrapped it at the time because I couldn't make a style I liked. Instead of just listing all his novels, I wanted them seperated 1) Novels, 2) Novelizations 3) Other (shorts, bedside). I was going to name the template "007Benson". I'll let you know if I do it. If it's something you want to do, go for it. Alternatively, if you find a template you like that you think would fit this style then let me know and I'll see about modding it or making something similar. I think it'd be useful anyway. I plan on also doing "007Gardner" as well. (Just those two though) K1Bond007 05:38, Jan 11, 2005 (UTC)

You Asked For It
Do you think it would be too much if I added the bookcover to "You Asked For It" to the Casino Royale page? I made an overview section to the page, which I'm hoping can be expanded on. Afterall Casino Royale was the first novel, a television episode, a spoof film, and possibly the next official James Bond film - this is where the image would go. Anyway, so far theres two images from the novel on the page. Would a third be too much? You can see it here on one my FTP's K1Bond007 21:02, Jan 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Re Well I reuploaded the picture because I found a better one on this Bond site. (This site is awesome, IMO) http://www.artofjamesbond.com/, they have a picture of Too Hot To Handle, too. Another site for Bond novel pictures (although they're small) is http://www.bondian.com/ K1Bond007 21:24, Jan 13, 2005 (UTC)

GE and LTK
What were the fictional countries in these two films again? I seem recall LTK having one, but not GoldenEye. Perhaps I'm mistaken. They're not listed on their pages either. Should be noted with (fictional) too. K1Bond007 22:00, Jan 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Re, telescope dish? You mean the main headquarters where Trevelyan is at? Thats in Cuba. They properly call it Cuba and theres even a scene with Wade (plane for car trade) where he makes the joke "You can't light a cigar in Cuba without us knowing" (or something to this effect). I don't recall a fictional country in GE. LTK on the other hand, I remember. K1Bond007 23:17, Jan 13, 2005 (UTC)

Uhhh
Yeah, I don't even know what this guy is talking about. I can see the 20th century fox thing on the poster, but I really don't think it's notable. I went to IMDB (twice now) to research this and it turns out that they only distributed to a few countries. . This actually got me thinking about the distribution of the older Bond films though. Dr. No, FRWL etc were distributed by UA, not MGM right? I'm gonna have to go through all that now to get the correct info :( K1Bond007 02:18, Jan 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * Or maybe not, everything before Octopussy is UA, everything after is MGM, I think. K1Bond007 02:22, Jan 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * Eh.. perhaps I'll just leave it alone. Maybe change No - Moon to UA. I don't know K1Bond007 02:27, Jan 15, 2005 (UTC)

Chapter 5
The print I'm reading from now is titled: "Seventh Avenue". I read somewhere that it was changed back for the new US 2002 print. I think on Amazon. I don't know. I'm pretty sure it's true though. K1Bond007 18:10, Jan 15, 2005 (UTC)

Mr. IP
I have no idea. He does this every night and what upsets me is that he rewrites the SAME lines OVER AND OVER. You actually forced an edit conflict on me :) LOL I was going to revert the teen gushing edit totally, pretty much because his edits aren't adding anything and because of the line "In the 40 years" thing. I've never seen someone use a "-" so much. And what the hell does "Concision to unburden the over-long page" mean? He changes like 5 words then types that in the edit summary... makes no sense.

Anyway, I noted on the JB discussion page that Moonraker does indeed say Bond bought the Bentley in 1933 and that the model is a 1930. Totally contradicts Live and Let Die though (I can't even remember Casino Royale). Can you check your version of LALD (if you have the book) and see what it says. The exact line in LALD is Chapter 2 the first sentence. K1Bond007 05:11, Jan 16, 2005 (UTC)

title: User:23skidoo/Archive1


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User:DanD

I tend to edit articles of interest, usually for simple grammar, and occasionally content improvements. I do attempt to engage in discussions before major edits. I'm not perfect, but then again neither is anyone reading this. Someone is bound to disagree with an edit I make. Engage in discussion here or on the article's discussion page. Without rational dialectic and debate we'd never get anywhere. DanD (talk)

title: User:DanD


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User talk:Duncan.france/Archive

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Malalane

Malalane, alternatively rendered Malelane, is a farming town in Mpumalanga, South Africa situated on the N4 national highway. The farms in the region produce sugarcane, subtropical fruit and winter vegetables. The town was proclaimed in 1949 after which it was named. The origin of the name is disputed but was corrupted from the Swazi. Either the expression "eMlalani" which means place of the palms, or the expression "lala" which means to sleep is accepted origins of the name. The town started as the first rest-stop between Lourenço Marques and Pretoria. As of July 2007 the town was officially renamed from "Malelane" to "Malalane" as part of the government's renaming scheme by the South African Geographical Names Council.

History
In the area surrounding Malalane is an ancient hematite mine, at Dumaneni, one of the oldest mines in the world - dating back to 46 000 and 28 500 years ago during the Middle Stone Age. One of Malalane's earliest colonists was Captain GJ (Mkonto) Elphick. After having fought in the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902), Elphick bought the old Malalane farm and successfully planted tomatoes, cotton, mangos, oranges and pawpaws. Elphick also pioneered the commercial aspect of Malalane by opening the first store in the vicinity.

Despite Elphick's operations, the Onderberg area was predominantly a bush area and formed part of The Kruger Shooting Concession. Leopard, lion and buffalo were often shot as a sport. In 1926 the area was proclaimed as The Kruger National Park and hunting was stopped. The effect of this was minimal as visitors to the area now visited to see the game instead of hunting it. With the formation of the national park a barbed wire fence was erected. This had little effect on the agricultural sector of the region except that animals were now more controlled and were limited in roaming onto farmers crops, although larger game such as buffalo and elephant still strayed onto farms.

In 1942 the government of the Transvaal commissioned a dirt road through the area for military use, that was later tarred. The road increased traffic through the area, however this had little effect on the local economy as the traffic was primarily passing through to Lourenço Marques (now Maputo). The odd traveller may have stopped at a local shop, with little impact on trade in general.

In 1963 the fence bordering the Kruger National Park was upgraded to meet international standards and was proclaimed proficient against the threat of foot and mouth disease in the park. The migration of larger game was severely restricted. Elephant, buffalo, lion and hippo now had extremely limited access to crops and farmers could invest more into their produce as the threat of them being destroyed by wild animals was minimal. Cattle were a popular choice as the threat of them being eaten by predators was now much less than before.

1965 saw the upgrade of the foot and mouth fence. It was electrified and known as the "Snyman fence". It also saw the construction of the Transvaal Suiker Beperk (TSB) sugar mill near the Malalane entrance of the Kruger National Park. Naturally this had the effect of mass planting of sugar cane in the area. The area soon began to flourish and was characterised by good sugar production and tourism. The mill still runs to this day and serves local farmers. The military road was upgraded again to meet the needs of the area but also to service Eskom operations in the area. This meant easier access for tourists to enter the region and to travel to Mozambique, also, goods could now be transported more easily.

Economy and tourism
A trend of growth was experienced until 1998 when the road servicing the area was upgraded yet again to national road status. The road was named the ‘N4’ and later became a toll road. A government project was launched which saw significant growth in the area, known as the Maputo Corridor, with big corporations settling in the area. Malelane Gate was then named as one of the main entrances to the Kruger National Park. This led to a drastic increase in tourism in the area and many lodges were established. These include: Malelane Lodge, Pestana Lodge and some bed and breakfasts. The area also saw the establishment of Riverview Primary and Laerskool Malelane Primary. Sun International bought Malelane lodge and Spar and Pick 'n Pay also invested in branches of their retail shops in the area.

This was beneficial to the area, in particular the agricultural sector. Rather than buying goods from far away suppliers Spar and Pick 'n Pay bought from local farmers. This had an added benefit that farmers now had a stable market where their goods could be sold. Unsurprisingly tourists of the area also bought goods from the new shops rather than bringing in their own goods from afar.

Due to the increase of tourist activities in the area, many contractors were brought in to meet the demands of new developments in the area. The growth of Malalane town was now at a peak as many people were now living in the town or nearby because their jobs entailed them working at lodges or similar establishments in the immediate area. This boosted the local economy greatly and local shops benefited greatly from the new influx of trade. More trade also came from Mozambique after the civil war.

Future developments saw sections of the Kruger National Park being outsourced to large companies and corporations. This had both negative and positive effects on the region. By outsourcing sections of the Kruger National Park the companies involved could attract more foreign tourists. The bonus of this was that the tourists injected large amounts of foreign money into the area's economy. This did have a bump-on effect though. Local companies lost out in trade to the corporations and consequently some local businesses suffered. The National Parks Board also declared a policy of no more peripheral development (i.e. no new camps, lodges or developments were to be built in the park). Together with the deregulation of open top game vehicles the park saw entrance admissions previously unheard of.

The development of the Leopard Creek Golf Club and housing estate aided in giving the local economy a boost. An added bonus to this was the revenue brought in from golf tournaments, such as the Sunshine Tour's Alfred Dunhill Championship, and was beneficial to the town. More lodges and B&B's were also built in the area.

Roads
Malalane lies on the N4 between Mbombela to the west and Maputo in Mozambique to the east. The town can be accessed from the N4 by turning off Air Street and Buffalo Street.

Tolling

The N4, managed by Trans African Concessions (TRAC), involves payment of toll: Traffic heading west on the N4 (the direction of Mbombela) and traffic approaching Malalane from the west must pass through the Nkomazi Toll Plaza, approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of the town. The aforementioned tollgate is also the easternmost one on the N4 before the Lebombo Border Post (Mozambique-South Africa border post) near Komatipoort.

title: Malalane


text:
CMS College Kottayam

The CMS College (Church Missionary Society College), established in 1815, is one of the earliest Western-style college in India. This college is located at Kottayam, in the Kottayam district of Kerala. It offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in arts, commerce, and sciences. It also offers different vocational degree courses. It is affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala. It has been given Autonomous status by the University Grants Commission, India. CMS College, Kottayam and Presidency College Calcutta, established in the same year, are the two earliest western-style colleges of India.

History
CMS College Kottayam was founded by the Church Missionary Society of England, in 1815 when no institution existed in what was then the princely state of Travancore to teach English.

CMS College Kottayam was patronised by Col. John Munro, the East India Company Resident, and Dewan of Travancore. The Rev. Benjamin Bailey was the first principal. Apart from English, Greek and Latin were taught. The government of India welcomed the college as "a place of general education hence any demands of the state for officers to fill all the departments of public service would be met".

In the early years of the Old Seminary (Orthodox Pazhaya Seminary), the curriculum included the study of Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Mathematics, History, and Geography besides English, Malayalam, Sanskrit, and Syriac. In 1838, the college moved to a wooded hillock — the present site — commanding views of the distant Western Ghats. One of the oldest buildings in the campus is Room 52, or the "Grammar School", as it was originally called. A college magazine in Malayalam was started in 1864 by Principal Richard Collins, after whom the college library is named.

In 1857 the college was affiliated to Madras University soon after its incorporation, and the college began to present students for the Matriculation examination. It provided free education to all its students until 1855 when the fee of one Rupee per month per student was collected. The number of students in 1870 was 129. In 1880, Visakham Thirunal, Maharaja of Travancore, observed on a visit to the college: "Long before the state undertook the humanizing task of educating the subjects, the Christian Missionaries had raised the beacon of knowledge in the land".

In 1840, the number of students in the college was 220. In 1890, two-year classes were started, and the first batch of students, initially all men, was presented for the F.A. Examination in 1892. Female students were not admitted to the college until 1938. In 1950, Degree classes were started, and by 1960 the number of students in the college had risen to 1,250. Postgraduate classes were started in 1959. The college is now affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam. In 1981, the Synod of the Church of South India transferred the management of the college to the C. S. I. Madhya Kerala Diocese.

The 2006 Malayalam film Classmates was filmed here and was dedicated to the 1946-48 batch.

Managing Council
The CSI Madhya Kerala Diocese is in charge of CMS College Kottayam. The Managing Council is made up of thirteen individuals. All significant decisions relating to the college's governance are made by the Council, which convenes no fewer than four times annually.

Departments and courses
The college offers different undergraduate and postgraduate courses and aims at imparting education to the undergraduates of lower- and middle-class people of Kottayam and its adjoining areas. The college now has 17 Undergraduate and 18 postgraduate departments. There are six research centres in the college. Research work leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is conducted in the departments of Botany, Zoology, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, English, and Commerce.

Science
Science faculty consists of the departments of Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Statistics, Computer Application, Botany, Zoology, Biotechnology, Home Science, and Economics.

Arts & Commerce
Arts and Commerce faculty consists of departments of Malayalam, English, Hindi, History, Political Science, Philosophy, Physical Education, Sociology, and Commerce (Finance & Accounting).

Accreditation
In 1999 the college was accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council with five-star status. In 2004 the University Grants Commission accorded it the status of College with Potential for Excellence. In 2009, the CMS English department celebrated the Golden Jubilee of the introduction of a postgraduate programme.

Notable alumni

 * K. R. Narayanan, former President of India
 * K. T. Thomas, former Judge of the Supreme Court of India
 * K. P. S. Menon, first Indian Foreign Secretary after independence
 * Paulose II, Malankara Metropolitan and Catholicos of he Malankara Church
 * K. M. Panikkar, former ambassador to China
 * E. C. G Sudharshan, physicist
 * Jacob Chandy, neurosurgeon
 * N. N. Pillai, Actor, Script writer, orator, stage actor
 * Unni R., Short story writer, Novelist, Screenplay writer.
 * K. M. Mathew, former chief Editor of Malayala Manorama
 * John Abraham, Film director and writer.
 * G. Aravindan, Film director and music director.
 * Oommen Chandy, Former Chief Minister of Kerala.
 * Kavalam Narayana Panikkar, poet, dramatist
 * Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan, Poet.
 * Prem Prakash, Actor and Producer
 * Jayaraj, Film director
 * B. Unnikrishnan, filmmaker and writer.
 * Sooraj S. Kurup,Music director
 * Anupama Parameswaran, Actress
 * Kummanam Rajasekharan Former BJP State President
 * Suresh Kurup, MLA.
 * Anwar Abdullah, Film director, writer and Novelist
 * Joshy Mathew, Film Director
 * Kanam Rajendran, politician
 * Philip Augustine, Notable gastroenterologist

title: CMS College Kottayam


text:
Battle for Mexico City

The Battle for Mexico City refers to the series of engagements from September 8 to September 15, 1847, in the general vicinity of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. Included are major actions at the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, culminating with the fall of Mexico City. The U.S. Army under Winfield Scott won a major victory that ended the war.

Background
The major objective of American operations in central Mexico had been the capture of Mexico City. After capturing the port of Veracruz in March, General Winfield Scott was able to secure a base and move inland and defeat a large Mexican force at the Battle of Cerro Gordo. After routing the Mexicans at the Battle of Churubusco, Scott's army was less than eight kilometers (five miles) away from its objective of Mexico City.

Molino del Rey
On September 8, the fight for Mexico City began. General Scott believed that a cannon foundry was located at the Molino del Rey, known as the King's Mill, located just over three kilometers (two miles) outside the city. Scott sent the 1st Division under William J. Worth to seize and destroy the foundry. Worth wished to include Chapultepec Castle in his attack, and when Scott refused, a bitter rivalry began between Scott and Worth. In the ensuing battle, both sides suffered heavy casualties, and Worth drove the Mexicans from the mill, separating them from the forces at Chapultepec. The battle produced no significant military gains for the U.S.

Chapultepec

The main assault on the city came a few days later on September 12. Mexico City was guarded in part by Chapultepec Castle, which was being used as a military academy. Scott preceded an infantry assault with an all day artillery barrage on September 12. The next day, September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños Héroes (the "Boy Heroes"). The Mexican forces fell back from Chapultepec and retreated within the city.

Attacks on the Belén and San Cosme Gates
Quitman's Division made its way down the Belén Causeway towards the Belén Gate, defended by General Terres & Colonel Garay with the 2d Mexico Activos (200 men) and 3 guns (1-12 lbs. & 2-8 lbs.), while Worth's Division further to the north made its way up La Verónica Causeway towards the San Cosme Gate, defended by General Rangel's Infantry Brigade (Granaderos Battalion (Adj. A. Manero), 1st Light (Comdte. L. Marquez), part 3d Light (Lt.Col. M.M. Echeagaray) and parts of Matamoros, Morelia and Santa Ana Battalions (Col. J.V. Gonzalez) with 3 guns (1-12 lb, 1-8 lb. and 1 howitzer 24 lbs). Quitman was merely supposed to make a feint towards the city, but he pushed forward his whole division and broke through the defenses. Santa Anna arrived at the Belén Gate in a fury and relieved the front commander. Worth's Division in the meantime had a slow start against the Mexicans after beating off a Mexican cavalry attack. When he reached San Cosme, he found its defenses ill-prepared, but the Mexicans defending it fought well before falling back. Ulysses S. Grant found his way into the action along the causeway on Worth's front and helped in hoisting a cannon into the belltower of a nearby church. From this spot Grant fired into the defenders below. When the fighting subsided on all fronts, both gates had fallen and the Mexicans had withdrawn into the city. Other gates defended were: San Antonio by General M. Martínez (3d & 4th Ligero & 11th Line with 10 guns) before withdrawing; Nino Perdido by the National Guards and 2 guns; and San Lázaro, Guadalupe and Villejo, which were defended by small infantry detachments. Other forces were stationed at la Piedad (1st & 2d Mexico Activos and Guanajunto Battalions), the Insurgente bridge (Gen. Arguelles : Invalidos and Lagos Battalion) and in the rear of these (Gen. Ramirez with 2d Ligero and various pickets) before withdrawing to the Citadel.

Fall of Mexico City
The Junta (Gens. Alcorta, Carrera, Lombardini & Fran. Pérez) had withdrawn their army: 14 Guns, 4,000 Cavalry (Quijano & Andrade Brigades), and 5,000 Infantry (Four Sections: 1) Gov. Olaguibel: Toluca National Guards, 2) Cmdte. Arroyo: Lagos, Iturbide, & Tula Battalions, 3) Gen. Martínez: various pickets, and 4) Gen. Pérez: 11th Infantry & remnants of Light Regts.) from the city during the night, and the U.S. forces, expecting another assault, found the city undefended. Worth and Quitman advanced cautiously. Quitman sent Lieutenant Pierre Beauregard to arrange the surrender of the ciudadela. Beauregard and Mansfield Lovell were met by a Mexican officer who asked for a receipt for the captured ciudadela (15 Guns). Beauregard exclaimed that "we give receipts at the point of their swords". Scott gave the honor of formally entering the city to Quitman's Division. The conquering army was less than impressing; the troops wore ragged and bloodstained uniforms and Quitman only had on one shoe when he marched into the city. Quitman marched into the Zócalo plaza in the center of the city in front of the National Palace where the formal surrender took place. As Worth's division entered the city, the leading unit was John Garland's brigade.

Stragglers from the Mexican army left in the city after Santa Anna's withdrawal climbed to the roofs of houses and began shooting at the American soldiers. General Garland was hit in the chest with the first shot and fell severely wounded. Before he evacuated, Santa Anna released 30,000 prisoners into the streets of the city, and these rooftop shots provoked the prisoners into similar acts. Worth did manage to get the shooting under control. William S. Harney's dragoons escorted General Scott into the city wearing his immaculate dress uniform and was greeted by patriotic music. Scott appointed the politically savvy Quitman as military governor, becoming the only American to ever rule from the National Palace.

United States
US Army – Major General Winfield Scott

Mexico
7 August 1847—20,210 men and 104 artillery pieces acs

Mexican Army General Antonio López de Santa Anna

Bodyguard:50+ men of the San Patricios

Chief of Artillery: General Martin Carrera Chief of Engineers: General Ignacio Mora y Villamil
 * Commandante general-Col.Jose Gil Partearroyo
 * Foot Artillery Battalion-Col. Aguado
 * Cavalry Art. Battalion-Iglesias
 * Gens. Casimiro Liceaga, Monterde and Miguel Blanco
 * Army of the East General Manuel Lombardini
 * 1st Brigade General Andres Terres (1st Activos, Lakes and 2nd Light Battalions)
 * 2nd Brigade General Mariano Martinez (Morelia Activos, Invalids Corps)
 * 3rd Brigade General Joaquin Rangel (Mixto Sta Anna, Morelia National Guards)
 * 4th Brigade General Francisco Perez (1st, 3rd & 4th Light, 11th Infantry)
 * 5th Brigade General Antonio Leon (Oajaca & Querétaro Activos, 10th Infantry, Querétaro & Mina National Guards)
 * 6th Brigade General Pedro María de Anaya (Independencia, Bravos, Victoria & Hidalgo National Guards)
 * 7th Brigade Col. Anastasio Zerecero (Acapulco, parts Tlapa & Libertad pickets)
 * Army of the North General Gabriel Valencia deputy Gen. Mariano Salas 3,000 Infantry, 1,000 Cavalry & 500 Artillery
 * Vanguard Brigade General Francisco Mejia ( 700 infantry: Fijo de Mexico, Potosi Activos,400 cavalry: 7th Cavalry) and 3-12 lbs guns & 4 howitzers.
 * Centre Brigade General Anastasio Parrodi ( 1,500 infantry: 10th and 11th Infantry, Tampico Coast Guards, Querétaro, Celaya and Guanajuato Activos, Celaya Auxiliary) and 6-8 lbs guns and 2 howitzers.
 * Reserve Brigade General Mariano Salas ( 800 infantry: Engineers, Mixto Santa Anna, Aguascalientes Activos, 400 cavalry: 2nd, 3rd & 8th Cavalry, Guanajuato Cavalry) and 7 light guns.
 * Army of the South General Juan Álvarez 2,762 Cavalry
 * Cavalry Division (GMT Games lists:
 * Alvarez Brigade-2d,3d,5th & 9th Line Casvalry, Tulancingo Cuirassiers
 * Andrade Brigade-Oaxaca and Michoacan Cavalry Battalions

Alcaraz, Ramon "Apuntes para la historia de la guerra entre Mexico...†

September 8

 * U.S. 116 killed, 665 wounded, 17 missing, 789 total
 * Mexican 2,700 total

September 12–15

 * U.S. 130 killed, 703 wounded, 29 missing, 862 total
 * Mexican 1,800 killed and wounded, 823 captured, 2,623 total

Totals

 * U.S. 1,651
 * Mexican 5,323

title: Battle for Mexico City


text: User talk:203.94.178.46

title: User talk:203.94.178.46


text: User talk:81.156.84.128

title: User talk:81.156.84.128


text:
Talk:Jimmy Smith (musician)

Birth year
Apparently there's some controversy over his birth date.   This article is amusing since it says he died at 76, yet goes on to list his birth year as 1925. They must've pulled from two different sources and not fact-checked.  – flamurai (t) 06:43, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)

His biography at Blue Note has 1925. – flamurai (t) 06:48, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * His Find-A-Grave entry says 1928. Lincher 23:56, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

This obituary from the Independent mentions him being age 9 during 1935, corroborating the 1925 birthdate.

Washington Post and the Guardian both say he died at age 76, suggesting the 1928 birthdate.The Boston Globe says 79 however. Anybody have any thoughts on how to get proper verification of which date is correct? Tin Man 20:34, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I have another reliable source that cites 1925, but clearly there is no concensus amongst them. I believe in these circumstances that Wikipedia should acknowledge the confusion, quote both alternatives, and give the conflicting sources to let the reader decide.  I have taken the liberty of editing accordingly.

My view is it's 1928. I've been researching Jimmy for an upcoming piece, and believe this to be the best source. 1. It's Philadelphia, Al Hunter Jr had access to family members. It also matches the NY Times version where BenRatliff talked to his son who said his age was 76, based on his birth certificate.

I'd be happy to make the changes to say that Smith was born in 1928, confusion from his label meant his birth date is often listed as 1925. Smith was 76 when he died. An provide a ref. based on the following.

"Deceased Name: Jimmy Smith services on Thursday Philadelphia Daily News (PA) - February 15, 2005 Author/Byline: Al Hunter Jr. Edition: 4STARSection: LOCALPage: 29 Services for Jimmy Smith, considered the world's greatest jazz organist, will be noon to 1:30 p.m. Thursday at Deliverance Baptist Church, 21st Street and Lehigh Avenue. Viewing will be from 8 a.m. to noon.

He will be buried in Merion Memorial Park, 59 W. Rockhill Road, Bala Cynwyd. A jam session in Smith 's honor will be from 3 to 7 p.m. Thursday at the Philadelphia Clef Club, Broad and Fitzwater streets.

Musicians are urged to bring their instruments and send Jimmy off in style.

Because of incorrect information from Smith 's record label, a story of appreciation in last Thursday's Daily News included a wrong location for the service and an incorrect age for the late organist. According to his daughter, Jia, Smith was born in 1928 not 1925, making him 76 when he died of natural causes Feb. 8 in Scottsdale, Ariz.

Survivors include a son, James O. Smith Jr., and two other daughters, Constance Perez and Karen Jackson. Letters of condolence can be sent in care of the Smith Family to Box 115, Layfayette Hill, PA. 19444."--Cathcam (talk) 01:26, 28 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Derek R Bullamore (talk) 11:55, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

Minor rant
None of the edits made to this page since May 2011 have included an edit summary. Here's a gentle reminder that they are really helpful and highly recommended. Thanks! Janus303 (talk) 20:14, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

Incident with Keith Emerson
Would it be appropriate to include mention of Jimmy Smith's encounter(s) with Keith Emerson, especially the second one, where Smith assaulted Emerson's manhood, as it were? - AppleBsTime (talk) 04:49, 26 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Since nobody objected, I've gone ahead and added it. The story is too rich to pass up. - AppleBsTime (talk) 15:03, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * "Richness" isn't why we're here. You would like TV or Farcebook.Vmavanti (talk) 12:46, 28 February 2021 (UTC)

Discography
TlonicChronic (talk) 17:49, 8 January 2024 (UTC)

 * I reordered the major releases by release year and added catalogue numbers. It gets a little iffy at the end, so it needs a little reordering and possibly resorting (label-wise).
 * This is a pretty large discography—it feels like it deserves it's own page to me TlonicChronic (talk) 17:50, 8 January 2024 (UTC)
 * @TlonicChronic Please change the discogs citations on that page, WP:DISCOGS can't be used as a source. Mach61 (talk) 17:41, 11 January 2024 (UTC)
 * I didn't add the discogs sources, I only added AllMusic and JazzDisco. If you want to remove them that's okay by me! TlonicChronic (talk) 17:42, 11 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jimmy Smith (musician)


text: User talk:67.127.167.60

title: User talk:67.127.167.60