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Zak Whitbread

Zak Benjamin Whitbread (born January 10, 1984) is an American-English retired professional footballer who played as a defender.

Early life
Although born in Houston, Texas, United States, Whitbread has spent most of his life in England and Singapore. He has lived in Runcorn for the majority of his life, except for the five years he spent in Singapore when his father, Barry Whitbread, was the coach of the Singapore national football team during the late 1990s. While in Singapore, Whitbread attended St Stephen's School and then United World College of South East Asia.

Liverpool
While growing up in Runcorn, Whitbread was a fan of Manchester United, but joined Liverpool's Centre of Excellence at the age of eight, and then working his way through the academy from under-15s through under-19s before joining the reserve team in 2003.

His first match in a Liverpool jersey took place in 2003 in an exhibition match against Thailand during the club's Far East Tour. He came on to the pitch after the start of the second half, replacing Neil Mellor. Whitbread made his first team debut in the 2004–05 season, and played a number of games alongside Sami Hyypiä in Liverpool's 2005–06 UEFA Champions League qualification campaign. He spent much of the season on loan at Millwall.

Millwall
After signing for Millwall permanently on a three-year contract in June 2006, he featured frequently in the team's first eleven, starting 18 games for his new club in the 2006–07 season, before injuring himself in September 2006. The injury sidelined him for the rest of that season.

Over the course of the 2008–09 season, Whitbread made 44 appearances, including the League One play-off final at Wembley Stadium, which Millwall lost 3–2 to Scunthorpe United.

Norwich City
Whitbread signed for Norwich City on a $2 1/2$-year contract on January 8, 2010, making his debut in the 5–0 win over Colchester United on January 16 as a substitute for Chris Martin, but featured little thereafter due to an injury. Whitbread was given squad number 6 ahead of the 2010–11 season, switching from 31. He played 3 games in pre-season 2010–11 before he sustained another injury, which ruled him out of the start of the new league season. Whitbread was expected to return to training near the time of the international break in September, however a further setback kept him out until the new Year. Whitbread returned to full training near Christmas 2010, along with Adam Drury.

He made his long-awaited return from injury in a 4–2 win over Sheffield United on December 28, 2010, coming on as an 85th-minute substitute for Anthony McNamee. He made his first start of the season in a 1–0 victory over league leaders Queens Park Rangers, helping Norwich to a first clean sheet in 10 games. Due to Leon Barnett's hamstring injury, Whitbread developed a centre back partnership with Elliott Ward. He scored his first goal for Norwich in a 1–1 draw against Hull City at the KC Stadium on March 19, 2011.

Whitbread started in the Canaries' first game back in the Premier League, partnering Ritchie De Laet in a 1–1 draw at Wigan Athletic. However he picked up a knee injury in this match, meaning he was ruled out for the following match against Stoke City. He returned for the League Cup match against MK Dons, and started against Chelsea, but was withdrawn after 30 minutes with a suspected hamstring injury. Whitbread returned to training in November. He and Daniel Ayala got through a practice match, improving their fitness. Whitbread was back in the squad in early December.

He made a return to the Norwich squad on December 3 against Manchester City, featuring as an unused substitute. In the next fixture against Newcastle United, Whitbread was given a start in a 4–2 win for Norwich, playing well apart from giving the ball away for Demba Ba's second goal. Whitbread kept his place for the following matches, performing admirably with Russell Martin in defence. He was partnered with Daniel Ayala from the New Year's Eve fixture against Fulham, and this partnership has seen Norwich win two consecutive away matches and three wins out of three in 2012. Whitbread was withdrawn early in the 2–0 victory over Bolton Wanderers, along with Daniel Ayala after complaining of a tight hamstring, 20 minutes after Ayala was subbed due to a suspect hamstring tear. He immediately regained his place upon his return to fitness, again at the expense of Leon Barnett in the narrow 2–1 defeat to Manchester United. He suffered a minor calf injury, before the 2–2 draw against Everton, causing manager Paul Lambert to withdraw him from the squad. He was eventually released by the club at the conclusion of the season.

Leicester City
On July 24, 2012, Whitbread signed a two-year contract with Championship side Leicester City on a free transfer following the end of his contract at Norwich. He made his debut on August 28, 2012, against Burton Albion in the League Cup. Whitbread scored his first goal for Leicester City, from a Martyn Waghorn corner, during a 4–1 win against local rivals Derby County on December 1, 2012. After which he was named in the Championship Team of the Week. He was released by Leicester on May 9, 2014.

Derby County
On September 29, 2013, Derby County announced that Whitbread had signed on a three-month loan deal. He scored on his debut in a 4–4 draw at home to Ipswich Town.

At the end of the 2013–14 season, Whitbread was released by Leicester City. On June 25, 2014, Whitbread agreed a one-year deal to join Derby County on a permanent basis.

Shrewsbury Town
Following his release from Derby, Whitbread joined Shrewsbury Town in League One in October 2015, despite considering a move to the United States. Initially signing a short-term contract running until January 2016, he made his Shrewsbury debut in an unfamiliar midfield role, coming on as a substitute in a 2−1 away defeat at Scunthorpe United. A week later, he made his first start for the club, playing the full ninety minutes of a 2−0 home win over Bury. His contract was later extended to the end of the season, when he was subsequently released.

International career
Whitbread's first opportunity to play for the national team of his country of birth came in August 2003 when he was called up to Thomas Rongen's U.S. under 20s squad, and traveled to Spain for the L'Alcudia International Tournament, where he started three of the five matches played. He was also named in Rongen's side for the 2003 World Youth Championships in December. He started every match and scored his first goal for the U.S. to help the squad reach the Quarter Finals. His play led to his inclusion with the mostly Major League Soccer based side that unsuccessfully tried to qualify the U.S. for 2004 Summer Olympics. He was only able to play in one match for Glenn Myernick due to an injury he suffered during training. He played for the United States under 20s team in the 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship, and has since been promoted to the under 23 squad.

On March 16, 2011, Whitbread was called into the United States senior team's camp for its friendlies against Argentina and Paraguay, but was unable to feature due to sustaining an injury while on club duty.

title: Zak Whitbread


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Novelda

Novelda is a town located in the province of Alicante, Spain. , it has a total population of 27,135 inhabitants.

Novelda has important quarries and mines of marble, limestone, silica, clay and gypsum. It is a major centre of the marble industry.

It was probably settled by Greeks, although it was controlled by Carthaginians and Romans. Some centuries later it was conquered from the Moors by a son of Ferdinand III of Castile.

Places of tourist interest in Novelda include the monastery of Santa María Magdalena (dated from the 19th century), which has a church designed by a disciple of Antoni Gaudí, the Moorish castle of the Mola, with its unique triangular tower, and the Museum of Modernism. This is a well preserved art nouveau house with original artifacts from the 1920s. The house itself is a work of art. The House-Museum is located in a modernist building designed by Pedro Cerdan Martinez (1863-1947) and is now a centre for modernist research and promotion. There are also several natural and salty lakes to visit in the surroundings.

Notable people

 * Mario Gaspar, footballer
 * Fernando Béjar (born 6 October 1980), former footballer

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Novelda


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List of University of Galway people

The following is a list of University of Galway people, including notable alumni and faculty members of the University of Galway and its forerunners: Queen's College, Galway (QCG) created in 1845 as a college of the Queen's University of Ireland; University College, Galway (UCG) chartered in accordance with the Irish Universities Act, 1908 as a university college of the National University of Ireland; and National University of Ireland, Galway (NUI, Galway and later NUI Galway without the comma), a constituent university of the National University of Ireland and newly named since the Universities Act, 1997 until 2022.

Politicians

 * Michael D. Higgins - 9th President of Ireland
 * Enda Kenny
 * Eamon Gilmore
 * Frank Fahy
 * Joseph Brennan
 * Séamus Kirk
 * Michael Kitt
 * Pat "the Cope" Gallagher
 * Heather Humphreys
 * Michael Ring
 * Lisa Chambers
 * Barry Cowen
 * Anne Rabbitte
 * Sylvester Barrett
 * Mark Clinton
 * Paul Connaughton Jnr
 * Ciara Conway
 * Rose Conway-Walsh
 * Brendan Griffin
 * Fidelma Healy Eames
 * Jim Higgins
 * Lorraine Higgins
 * Seán Kyne
 * Patrick Lindsay
 * Farrell McElgunn
 * Bobby Molloy
 * Rónán Mullen
 * Ronan Moore
 * Carol Nolan
 * Derek Nolan
 * Maureen O'Carroll
 * Pádraig Ó Céidigh
 * Trevor Ó Clochartaigh
 * John O'Mahony
 * Pat Rabbitte
 * Seán Sherlock
 * Madeleine Taylor-Quinn
 * Mary Upton
 * Pat Upton
 * John Dallat - SDLP politician
 * Aisling Dolan

Government officials

 * Henry Arthur Blake - Governor of Hong Kong (1898-1903)
 * Antony MacDonnell, 1st Baron MacDonnell - Colonial Administrator
 * Charles James O'Donnell - Colonial Administrator
 * John Sheehy - Colonial Official
 * William Alfred Browne - Civil servant

Diplomats

 * Noel Dorr
 * Pádraig MacKernan

Law

 * John Atkinson
 * Joseph R. Fisher
 * Mark Heslin, judge of the High Court
 * Likando Kalaluka - Attorney General of Zambia in 2015
 * Walter Lewis
 * Robert McCall
 * John Monroe
 * Thomas O'Shaughnessy
 * Andrew Reed
 * Guy Rutledge
 * Mathilda Twomey - Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Seychelles
 * Raymond West - High Court Judge in British India
 * Máire Whelan - Attorney General of Ireland, Judge of the Court of Appeal

Military

 * Major General Michael Beary - UNIFIL Commander
 * General Bindon Blood - British military commander
 * Major General Kieran Brennan - Deputy Chief of Staff (Ops) and former Kilkenny hurler
 * Lieutenant General Sean McCann - Former Chief of Staff of the Defence Forces
 * Vice Admiral Mark Mellett - Chief of Staff of the Defence Forces
 * Brigadier General Maureen O'Brien - First woman to attain the rank of Lt Colonel (Army Line), Colonel and Brig Gen in the Irish Defence Forces
 * Commandant Cathal Berry - Former Deputy Commander of the Army Ranger Wing and Head of the Military Medical School

Religion

 * Samuel Angus - Theologian
 * Brendan Kelly - Bishop
 * Fintan Monahan - Bishop
 * Robert Moore - Theologian
 * Michael Lenihan O.F.M. - Bishop of La Ceiba, Honduras (2011-present)
 * William Mahony S.M.A. - Bishop of Ilorin, Nigeria
 * Wilfrid Napier O.F.M. - Cardinal, Archbishop of Durban
 * William Slattery O.F.M. - Archbishop of Pretoria
 * George Thomas Stokes - Clergyman of the Church of Ireland and Historian

Literature

 * Emily Anderson- Linguist
 * Gerald Dawe - Poet
 * James Hardiman - Librarian
 * Mike McCormack - Writer
 * Eamonn McGrath- Writer
 * Ronan Moore - Writer
 * W. F. Marshall - Poet
 * Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh - Poet
 * Breandán Ó hEithir - Writer
 * Valentine O'Hara

Academics

 * William Bindon Blood - first professor of civil engineering at Queen's College Galway
 * Alexander Anderson (physicist) - Physicist; former president of Queen's College and University College Galway
 * J. E. Cairnes - Economist
 * Louis Cullen - Professor of Irish History at Trinity College
 * Edward Divers - Chemist
 * Charles Joseph Gahan - Coleopterist
 * John Hegarty - Provost of Trinity College Dublin
 * Máire Herbert MRIA – Professor of Early and Medieval Irish at University College Cork
 * Ethna Gaffney - scientist and first female professor at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.
 * Alfred Keogh - Director General Army Medical Services (1905-1910 and 1914-1918)
 * Thomas J. Laffey - Mathematician known for his contributions to group theory and matrix theory.
 * John A. McClelland - Physicist
 * Mick Molloy - IRB medical officer
 * Michael O'Shaughnessy - Chief engineer of San Francisco
 * Alice Perry - First woman in Ireland to graduate with a degree in engineering

Media

 * Patsy McGarry - Journalist
 * Harry McGee - Journalist
 * T. P. O'Connor
 * Frank Hugh O'Donnell
 * Conor Pope - Journalist
 * Cillian Fennell - Former head of programming at TG4 and producer
 * Pat McGrath - Correspondent
 * Colm Murray - Sports-reader
 * Siún Nic Gearailt - Television newsreader
 * Eimear Ní Chonaola - Journalist and television news anchor
 * Sean O'Rourke - Presenter
 * Gráinne Seoige - Television news anchor

Arts

 * Keith Barry - Performing artist
 * Seán McGinley - Actor
 * Nora-Jane Noone - Actress
 * Martin Sheen - Actor
 * Éabha McMahon - Singer
 * Leo Moran - Guitarist
 * John Coll - Figurative sculptor
 * Pádraic Breathnach - Actor, first manager of Galway Arts Centre and co-founder of Macnas
 * John Concannon - Director of "Ireland 2016" (official commemorations of the centenary of the Easter Rising)
 * Garry Hynes - Co-founder Druid Theatre Company
 * Ollie Jennings - Founder of the Galway Arts Festival, co-founder of Macnas;
 * Mick Lally - Co-founder Druid Theatre Company
 * Marie Mullen - Co-founder Druid Theatre Company
 * Nicola Coughlan - Actress

Sports

 * Enda Colleran - Gaelic football
 * Iarfhlaith Davoren - Association football
 * Daithí Burke - Hurling
 * Niall Burke - Hurling
 * Conor Cleary - Hurling
 * Joe Connolly - Hurling
 * Joseph Cooney - Hurling
 * Anthony Cunningham - Hurling
 * Cyril Farrell - Hurling
 * Pat Fleury - Hurling
 * Francis Forde - Hurling
 * John Hanbury - Hurling
 * Aidan Harte - Hurling
 * Conor Hayes - Hurling
 * Seán Loftus - Hurling
 * Jeffrey Lynskey - Hurling
 * Joe McDonagh - Dual player, Gaelic games administrator and 32nd President of the Gaelic Athletic Association
 * Cathal Mannion - Hurling
 * Pádraic Mannion - Hurling
 * Conor Whelan - Hurling
 * Cian Lynch - Hurling
 * Eoghan Clifford - Paralympic cyclist
 * Cormac Folan - Rower
 * Paul Hession - Sprinter
 * Olive Loughnane - Racewalker
 * Neville Maxwell - Rower
 * Ciaran Fitzgerald - Rugby union
 * Fiona Everard - National champion runner

Business

 * Nicky Hartery - Chairman of CRH plc
 * Declan Kelly - Founding partner and co-CEO of Teneo
 * Pádraig Ó Céidigh - Airline developer

Finance and banking

 * John Hourican - Investment banker; former CEO of Bank of Cyprus
 * Seamus McCarthy - Comptroller and Auditor General

Faculty

 * John Breslin - engineering professor and entrepreneur
 * Nicholas Canny - historian and noted authority on early modern Ireland and Britain
 * Ada English - psychiatrist
 * Gerard Jennings - physics professor
 * Thomas Kilroy - playwright, novelist, former Professor of English at the university
 * William King – geologist
 * Joseph Larmor - physicist, Professor at Queen's College Galway 1880-1885 and later Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge
 * Alexander Gordon Melville - Comparative anatomist, Professor at Queen's College Galway 1849-1882
 * George Johnstone Stoney - physicist who introduced the term electron as the "fundamental unit quantity of electricity"; first Professor of Science at the then new university; elder brother of Bindon Blood Stoney
 * D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson - Professor of Greek at UCG from 1862 and father of biologist Sir D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson

title: List of University of Galway people


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Talk:The United States and weapons of mass destruction/Archive 1

I deleted some personal remarks in the interest of civility. Please check to ensure that no meanings essential to discussion of how to improve this article were lost. Thank you. --Uncle Ed 12:19, 23 Apr 2004 (UTC)

TDC included a judgment of the nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki although the Hiroshima article as well as other encylopdedias such as agree with the present text that "there is still considerable debate about the need to have used" the atomic bombs. Get-back-world-respect 12:00, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Yeah, there is considerable debate, and thats about it.

There is little doubt that an invasion of the Japanese mainland would have resulted in 100,000's of dead Americans and millions of dead Japanese, Okinawa showed that. The idea that Japan was on the verge of surrender is pure and utter horse shit. Although many western historians claim that Japan was pleading with the US for a peace deal, a study of the subject from Japanese historians shows that even when Hirohito decided to surrender, It was anything but certain.

Japan's Longest Day: The Pacific War Research Society ISBN: 4770028873

Read up and learn something. TDC 13:43, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

TDC, I think the point is that the U.S. could have tried something else (demonstration of the bomb, removal of the insistence on "unconditional surrender"), seen if if had worked, then bombed the Japanese if it hadn't. But as it is, saying it was a choice between bombing a city or losing hundreds of thousands of soldiers is a false dichotomy. What was so pressing about August, with the invasion scheduled for, what, November 1?

 * No, the point was that since the war was over and the Japs were trying o-so-hard to negotiate a surrender, that we had no right to bomb and only did it to show Stalin what bastards we were. Fact is, they were opposed to a surrender which would have taken hard fought portions of thier east asian empire and stripped the emperor of his power. We were right to demand nothing less than an unconditional surrender.

 * No one is saying (well, no one I've heard is saying) that we didn't have a right to use nukes if push came to shove (say, if the tide of the war changed against us), but the fact of the matter is that we got them and then used them without any attempt to avoid their use.

 * Bad analogy, perhaps, but let's try: Someone walks up to you and starts hitting you (Pearl), so you beat the living daylights out of him (WWII in Pacific), have him on the ground, he's putting up no real resistance.  Then OK, point a gun at him and bring him to the pokey.  But that isn't the time to pull a gun on him and shoot. Rjyanco 17:31, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Battle of Iwo Jima: February 19 - March 11, 1945 US casualties 6000 dead and 17,200 wounded. Only 200 Japanese were captured for an Island the size of Central Park.

Okinawa April 1 - June 14, 1945 US casualties 12,500 killed and 35,500 wounded

The level of resitance as The US got closer to Japan was increasing, not decreasing. To say that the Japanese were not putting up resistance is ludicrous. An invasion of the mainland would have been a slaughter on both sides. Also keep in mind that the Japanese did not consider surrender until after the second bomb was dropped.TDC 18:08, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Different type of resistance. Sure, in close combat the Japanese were ferocious.  But in mid-1945 they had no navy or air force to speak of, and no access to raw materials to restore them.  The only way combat casualties would be sustained would be with an invasion of their mainland.  We could have blockaded them, say, rather than invade (or nuke) them.

 * By the same logic, you could make the argument that, rather than invading and occupying Iraq, with perfect foresight we should have nuked it, because of the casualties we're taking with the occupation. But we could have avoided the casualties by not invading.

 * Anyhow, to my mind, the presumed loss of life you cite would have occurred (I concede) if we invaded Honshu, which wasn't per se necessary -- necessary to end the war in timely fashion, sure, but not necessary to render Japan impotent, which they already were, militarily. Rjyanco 21:50, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * There were only two viable options. Invade and loose 100,000's of troops, or nuke them and end it. It is interesting to point out that even after the first bomb was used there was still overwhelming resistance to surrender. The "negotiation" of a cessation of hostilities was not a viable option. TDC 16:23, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * It seems that this dichotomy is the crux of your argument. Can you really not see that other options existed? Rjyanco 17:31, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

I can see that other options existed, but were they feasible or desirable. I believe they were not. TDC 18:08, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)
 * You have the right to believe whatever you want. You do not have the right to make an encyclopedia article appear as if everyone agreed with you. Get-back-world-respect 18:11, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

If the Japanese had demolished our fleet, and were able to fly a single plane over Los Angeles to nuke it (without any resistence) and then were able to fly another single plane over San Francisco to nuke it (without any resistence) in an effort to induce a U.S. surrender, would you consider that an OK thing, because it would, after all, "save Japanese soldiers' lives"?

 * Hey, they started the war, not us. They were also making preperations to launch biological weapon attacks against the US. Fact is the Japs fought fanaticly until the final day of the war. TDC 16:23, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * How exactly were they going to launch bio attacks on the U.S. with no ships or planes? Swim over?  I'd love to see documentation on what you're saying -- it seems to have as much basis as Bush's WMD claims against Iraq last year.  Sure, the Japs and the Germans were trying to develop nukes.  Sure, if they'd developed them first they might have used them against us (if they could have gotten anywhere near our shores).  But that doesn't justify it -- the U.S.'s image of itself is as a morally superior country, and dropping nukes needlessly is the moral lowground. Rjyanco 17:31, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

I am glad you challenged me on this, because I think there should be a WIKI article on this topic.

I am sure you have heard of the infamous JIA Unit 731?

In early 1944 the JIA began work on a scheme to strike the US directly. Realizing that it was impossible to do this via conventionally the Japanese used the recent discovery of the jet stream to formulate a plans to use hydrogen filled ballons to drop bombs on the US mainland. 9,000 of these balloons were deployed, each carried four incendiary and one antipersonnel bomb across the Pacific on the jet stream to create forest fires and terror from Oregon to Michigan. It is estimated that they killed about 50 people.

Unit 731 proposed using balloon bombs to carry plauge infested fleas to America in the June of 1945, and began work on the project. Unit 731 had developed a particularly virulent form of the plague while working in China. Unfortunately for them (and fortunately for us), the sandbags used as ballast on the balloons was cross-referenced with an 18th century French geological survey of Japan. This data was used to locate the facility where the bombs were being made and launched. After a bombing raid destroyed the hydrogen production facility along with the factory, the balloon flights ended. This raid occurred in early May of 1945, only one month before bio weapon attacks were to begin. Although Tojo had officially rejected use of plague infested balloons, rouge elements of the JIA were continuing development of the project.

News of the balloon attacks was suppressed from the US public for fear of creating wide spread panic.

Look it up if you don’t believe me. It certainly is a wild story, TDC 18:25, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * I do remember reading about the lone balloon hitting Oregon or someplace.

 * Again, though, look at the parallels. What is worse, bio or nuke?  Let's compromise and say they were equal.  We developed what we did, they did what they did, and on both sides people were willing to use it.  But BY using it, we lost the moral high ground. Rjyanco 21:50, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Are you one of those people who honestly believe that we are "restoring democracy" in Iraq, much like Germany was protecting its brothers in the Sudetenland? Rjyanco 15:26, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, restoring democracy implies that was at one time a viable democracy existed. So no we are not restoring anything. TDC 16:23, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Amen. Rjyanco 17:31, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * This judgement has been deleted three times within the last 24 hours. Wikipedia politics says if you go on editing the same issue it can result in a temporary ban. Get-back-world-respect 17:10, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Actually, my judgement has been deleted 3 times. TDC 17:21, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Policy is: "Never revert the same article more than three times in the same day." I reverted three times and then requested protection. Get-back-world-respect 17:29, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * I dug into one of the mentions of Japanese pre-frying calls for peace that I knew of, and found a pretty horse's-mouth version. Truman's diary, 1945 July 18: "PM & I ate alone. Discussed Manhattan (if is a success). Decided to tell Stalin about it. Stalin had told PM of telegram from Jap Emperor asking for peace. Stalin also read his answer to me. It was satisfactory. Believe Japs will fold up before Russia comes in. I am sure they will when Manhattan appears over their homeland." Purists will complain Truman was mental since he follows with what a jolly good fellow Stalin is, but anyway... Loves to watch TDC rant, 142.177.169.255 23:29, 29 Apr 2004 (UTC) BTW WTF is this here and not on the H-N-nuking pages?

It is over there as well, if you want to expand it go ahead. Why do you not register and stop using WTF-abbreviations? Get-back-world-respect 23:51, 29 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * '''See: Talk:The United States and weapons of mass destruction (talk page)
 * The United States and weapons of mass destruction (main article)


text: User talk:198.189.133.2

title: User talk:198.189.133.2


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Zak Whitbread

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 02:23, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Zak Whitbread
Not notable JoJan 19:50, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Liverpool F.C. squad player, we have plenty of articles on equally notable players. sjorford// 20:05, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur; it just needs and organic expansion. Samaritan 20:46, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Wikipedia should have an article on all Premiership first team squad players. Philip 00:27, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. Just about qualifies due to international appearances at youth level. 3 League cup and 1 FA cup appearance so far, so not regularly first team. A weaker claim than Scott Carson, who is currently on the bench for Premier League matches since he joined the team - Whitbread isn't. Average Earthman 09:48, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep this - he's famous!
 * Weak keep. His claim is much weaker than Scott Carson, which recently came up on VfD, as Averge Earthman said. JuntungWu 04:14, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth. Agree with Philip.  GRider\talk  20:15, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Agrobacterium tumefaciens

An article that mention this pages content

Merger Proposal
Don't think the Ti plasmid deserves it's own article in it's current state, and since the Ti Plasmid is a natural part of this bacteria the content would be better off here. Million_Moments (talk) 20:55, 29 January 2008 (UTC)
 * A. tumefaciens is a distinct species of organism and needs its own page. Ti plasmids are present in other organisms than A. tumefaciens such as Agrobacterium rhizogenes (and perhaps others), so it totally does not make any sense to merge the two articles.
 * WriterHound (talk) 16:24, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I propose a redirect from Rhizobium radiobacter to Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the UniProt Database says it's the same organism and the Radiobater article is pretty much devoid of useful or clear information. I will make this change (WP:BB) but if consensus objects please discuss it here [[User:Jebus989|

 Jeb us  989 ]]★ 09:56, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

Any plasmid is a separate entity which may be a parasite or a commensal of any organism. while some plasmids have a narrow host range like the Ti plasmid, many plasmids have a wide host range. In many people's opinion, a plasmid falls into some sort of a "sub-living entity" category. I therefore do not think the two articles should be merged but since the relationship between the two is very strong, a link to the other is deserved on each page. (Varun (talk) 05:54, 20 April 2008 (UTC))

The CDC has launched an investigation of cross-species (plant-human) replication of viral dna that causes skin eruptions in people. Anyone with current information regarding this bio/mechanical viral dna expression in humans should both post to wiki and if it appears you have evidence of infestation or transmission vectors, contact the United States Center for Disease Control. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.245.197.163 (talk) 19:15, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

picture style code broken
needs style tags or something, I can't be bothered to figure out proper tags, just wanted to bump with an edit — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.67.4.241 (talk) 05:12, 7 July 2014 (UTC)

Scientific Name
The scientific name is today (~2016) a different one, as the article states. Nonetheless, people I know, but also in the literature, the name Agrobacterium tumefaciens is commonly used. It would be nice if a small paragraph could be added that briefly mentions this, e. g. at which point the bacterium was renamed and also why. 2A02:8388:1601:800:BE5F:F4FF:FECD:7CB2 (talk) 15:04, 18 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Agrobacterium tumefaciens


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Talk:CNBC

Ratings
Some of the dates in the Ratings section are wrong. The Nasdaq index peaked in March 2000, not in 2001. I don't have access to the raw ratings data, but I'm guessing they peaked in 2000 along with the market, not 2001. These figures need to be corrected. Robertknyc

Major edit
Thought I'd describe this pretty large edit here rather than try to squeeze it all into the edit summary.
 * Removed the "corresponding programs" in Europe and Asia columns from the business day table - this article is about CNBC U.S. and that info is adequately covered on the Europe and Asia pages.
 * The international channel list has been moved to a new article, List of CNBC channels.
 * Ditched the "notable recent developments" section. It was only really a place to dump various factoids that didn't fit easily anywhere else, and it resembled proseline. Some of the content has been moved to a new "partnerships" section, some to "programming" and some to "ratings". Other bullet points which weren't really that notable in the historical sense (such as the logo being coloured green for one week) I removed altogether since Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information.
 * There was also some other minor copyediting, formatting, etc.

I think the next step in improving the page is to majorly prune back the "graphics" section, which (absurdly) is the largest in the entire article. Keeping WP:INDISCRIMINATE in mind, we really don't need a paragraph every time some text on the ticker is recoloured or whatever. Gr1st (talk) 11:34, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

 * How about dividing graphic section into another article? Talk to ► Kevin 16:53, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * ok, if people think it's notable enough and someone cares enough about it...or maybe delete it? See what I wrote below(I should have written it here).76.218.104.120 (talk) 00:09, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm going to delete that part. Here is a copy of what it was before I recently tried to mash it into one paragraph:==On-air presentation==

Graphics
CNBC is well known today for its flashy and ostentatious graphics package, complete with accompanying animations and animation-sounds. Previous graphics packages put together by the network since the early 1990s have gradually increased the "wow" factor—likely in order to catch a casual viewer's eye, as cable news competition has increased dramatically since the network was launched in the late 1980s. thumb|210px|left|The [[countdown clock used on CNBC's Closing Bell since 2007-07-27 ]] On 15 November 2006, CNBC's 'crystal' gray logo bug was changed to color revealing the rainbow's peacock's normal NBC colors. On 2006-11-28, the new smaller CNBC color bug (similar to the one used in the revamped ticker) began to show up on CNBC's non-business related primetime programming (where the ticker is not shown, except Mad Money and Fast Money), replacing the much bigger 'crystal' bug. On 1 March 2007, CNBC's Squawk on the Street and Closing Bell both started using a new countdown clock (shown in minutes:seconds:tenths-of-a-second format) on the graphics' lower-third of the screen. On 27 July 2007, it moved to the lower right of the screen, where the CNBC color bug is usually seen. The countdown clock is used for the "Opening Bell Countdown" segment on Squawk on the Street, and for the "Closing Countdown" segment on Closing Bell, along with presidential debates, the announcement of some monthly consumer indexes, and Federal Reserve Bank interest rate changes. On 2 May 2007, CNBC's Mad Money revamped its own on-air graphics package, replacing what was used—including its opening animation sequence—since the program's 14 March 2005 debut. In November 2007, the CNBC color bug in the ticker on the lower right of the screen started rotating (and morphing) between the network logo and the CNBC.com logo and back. This is seen only during the network's "Business Day" programming. CNBC began using the "CNBC 20" logo on January 1, 2009 on all of its programs to promote the network's 20-year anniversary. The "CNBC 20" logo was in use all throughout 2009. The first generation was used from 17 April 1989 to 31 December 1994. The bottom band of the ticker displayed various indices (such as the Value Line Arithmetic Index, shown). The network did not have a live bug tracking the various indices, nor did it have its logo fixed on the creen. Instead, camera shots of the anchors at the main desk were positioned in a way to show the "CNBC" lettering at all possible times. The studio in the picture, right, is located in the original Fort Lee, New Jersey building. This was later completely rebuilt as part of changes introduced by the network's then president Roger Ailes. The 1995 revamp was used from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 1997. The 1998 revamp was used from January 1998 to May 1999. The majority of the lower-thirds and the live bug was coloured blue with the left side of the lower thirds and upper part of the live bug coloured red. The background for its charts was animated with majority of the background being blue and a narrow green strip running at the right side of the screen resembling a stock ticker. When the major maker indexes hit a new record, the green strip is tweaked to reflect "DOW RECORD", "S&P RECORD" or "NASDAQ RECORD." It is also tweaked during the holiday season. (Note: The image rightward doesn't contain the ticker part.) The 1998 graphics scheme was slightly tweaked in May 1999 where the once red parts of the lower thirds (seen on the left of the blue strip of the lower thirds) and the "LIVE" bug's upper part turned green. The font was also modified. The green strip at this time is also tweaked during earnings season. Graphs also started having the CNBC logo was behind them and included grids. On 3 April 2000, CNBC Asia has used this scheme only for its charts but a month later CNBC Europe used it for its charts and lower thirds as well. This package was in place until 29 September 2000 on CNBC, until 31 December 2000 on CNBC Asia and until mid-January 2001 on CNBC Europe. Show titles, however, remained the same as the 1998 package. The 2000 revamp was used from 2 October 2000 to 13 September 2002. In January 2001, CNBC Asia and CNBC Europe both followed up to use the same graphic package, making some changes to the lower thirds and the charts respectively (for example, removing the animation on and off screen). This marked the first time that the three main CNBC channels had used the same graphics scheme in their entirety for all daytime shows. In February 2002, however, while most programme titles largely remained the same on the CNBC US channel, two new shows, Morning Call and Closing Bell used the titles which were originally for Street Signs and Market Watch respectively (the latter two were cancelled at the same period as well). The 2002 revamp was used from 16 September 2002 to 10 October 2003. This package saw an evolution of the graphics introduced in 2000, with program titles and chart formats remaining the same. The lower thirds were, however, completely revamped with the lower half of it coloured red and text was centre-justified, and a new background animation and colour scheme was introduced for charts and other on-screen data. The font was also tweaked. The titles in the lower thirds were centre-justified. CNBC Asia used a similar lower thirds effective 2 January 2003 except that the lower thirds was entirely light blue and the text was still aligned to the left. CNBC Europe adopted the same chart backgrounds in use by CNBC US later in 2003 as well but used a different lower-thirds. The 2003 revamp was used from 13 October 2003 to 16 December 2005. In this revamp, CNBC added an independent space to the lower thirds to show the "topic title" to indicate the subject being discussed (i.e., "money to burn" in the rightward photo). This formerly shared space with the program logo on the left-hand side of the lower thirds. CNBC also added another animation to the lower thirds: when showing stock charts, the lower thirds would move down vertically, keeping just the "topic title" visible above the ticker. When charts were removed from the screen, the whole lower thirds would move vertically up again. The "LIVE" sign was also moved from the left-top corner to the right-top corner, along with the location (which was formerly included on the lower thirds) at this time. CNBC Asia adopted this graphics scheme in 2004 but on CNBC Europe's next graphics revamp in the same year, it chose to create its own graphics scheme for charts, lower-thirds and titles. On 19 December 2005, CNBC unveiled a new on-air look, replacing that which had been used since October 2003. This included a new look for all the graphics, new logos for all business day programs, and the relocation of the index and commodity prices from the stacked bug in the bottom right-hand corner of the screen to the bug bar across the top of the screen. Since then, the ticker has shown full company names (and full commodity names used in the commodity summary, which runs at the 1s of each hour) instead of just ticker symbols. The "LIVE" and location graphics were moved back to the top-left of the screen from the top-right corner at this time. This graphic package was created by Randy Pyburn of Pyburn Films (that also designed the WNBC's 2003 graphic package, KYW-TV's 2004 package & WPSG's 2005 package) and also designed earlier CNBC graphic packages. The estimated cost of the 2005-2006 package was about $2 million. On 15 May 2006, CNBC made a slight change to its lower thirds, adding a blue block to the right-hand side. Occasionally this space was used to display the title of the topic being discussed. This format was abandoned on 18 December 2006. On 6 September 2006, CNBC unveiled a revamped bug, which now has a similar resemblance to that of CNBC Europe. On the same day, the network launched a slightly modified ticker with a narrower font (to allow more quotes to stream by within a period of time). CNBC Asia adopted a revamped bug of its own on 26 March 2007 as part of its graphics package revamp. On 19 December 2006, exactly one year after its relaunch, CNBC revamped its on-air graphics package, replacing the old lower thirds that were previously used from 19 December 2005-18 December 2006. The current graphic package was created in-house. In this revamp, CNBC cancelled the independent space for the "topic title", which once again shares space with the program logo on the left-hand side of the lower thirds. CNBC Asia adopted the similar lower thirds on 26 March 2007, but unlike its US version, the "topic title" does not share the space with the program logo. Its European sibling (CNBC Europe) finally debuted its own lower thirds on 7 January 2008, and like its US version, the "topic title" shares space with the program logo on the left-hand side. On 23 April 2007, the data bug was slightly tweaked, with the titles of the securities now displayed in yellow and the numbers still being displayed in white. On 26 July 2007, the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost more than 300 points, CNBC stayed on the story and put a live shot of the trading board in the NYSE to show the status of Dow above the lower thirds during the Closing Bell to track the markets. The screenshot rightward comes from CNBC Asia, so the style of the top bug and the ticker are different from the package of CNBC US.) On 28 February 2008, the chart was slightly tweaked, when showing session is more than two days, CNBC put up the % of the session performance. On March 1, 2010, CNBC debuted a whole new graphics scheme across most of its networks, including its U.S. HD+ feed. This replaced the previous graphics package which had been used since 19 December 2005 and the lower thirds that were used since 19 December 2006.  The data bug now shows the securities in white and the numbers in green (indicating up) or red (indicating down), along with triangles (green for higher and red for lower).

Ticker
The CNBC Ticker is a computer simulation of ticker tape shown on the lower part of the screen during the network's live business programming, containing security and index symbols along with movements in their value. At the top of the screen, a rotating band, partitioned into three segments, provides index and commodity prices.

History
When CNBC first aired in 1989 until approximately 1991, the original CNBC Ticker only had one band, displaying NYSE stocks. After a 20 minute period when the ticker was off-air one day, as announced by anchor Ted David, did CNBC finally decide to include the NASDAQ in a new format at the time, creating the two-band system used ever since. FNN did use a two-line ticker design (with white and blue bands, quotes listed during trading without price changes and a market summary on the bottom band during trading) prior to the merger with CNBC in 1991, and many of these features were subsequently adopted by the newly merged channel. Here's an example of FNN ticker circa 1987.

CNBC had another ticker format, mainly a font variation on the ticker, for a short time before the 1995-1997 photo on this page. During special events (for example, the Dow Jones Industrial Average passing 6000, 7000, etc. or another extremely impactful market event), the CNBC Ticker showed mutual funds on the NYSE band while leaving the NASDAQ band unchanged. This convention has been discontinued. In 1998, CNBC's ticker became more colourful with green indicating a stock price increase and red indicating a stock price decrease. The ticker now shows full company names (and full commodity names used in the Commodity Summary, which runs at the 1s of each hour) instead of just the ticker symbols, as seen before December 2005 but only the arrows remain coloured green or red.

Current graphic formats
frame|left|Typical on-air screen appearance during the business day. Used from 19 December 2006 to 26 February 2010. The bug bar, at the top of the screen, which stays on-screen during the business day (4 am ET to 6 pm ET), will give viewers a real-time snapshot of the general stock market (Dow Jones, Nasdaq S&P 500 indices and Russell 2000 index, along with the DJ Utilities, DJ Transports and NYSE indices), international markets and futures (between 4 am ET and 9:30 am ET only), currencies, bond prices/yields and commodities. The stock market indices, global markets, currencies, bonds, yields, and commodities are displayed in yellow, with the numbers displayed in white. This data stays on for 5–7 seconds, before refreshing to the new set of data.

The bottom two lines, called the ticker, gives viewers real-time NYSE quotes (on the top band) and Nasdaq/AMEX quotes (bottom band) throughout the trading day (ticker symbols are 1, 2, or 3 letters long for the NYSE stocks; Nasdaq uses 4- and 5-letter symbols; 3-letter ticker symbols are used at the AMEX). A commodity summary is shown on the top band (every 10 minutes at 0:01, 0:11, 0:21, 0:31, 0:41, 0:51 past the hour), along with a market summary (which is shown every 20 minutes at 0:01, 0:21, 0:41 past the hour). A Nasdaq/AMEX market summary is shown on the bottom band every 20 minutes at 0:06, 0:26, 0:46 past the hour. The bottom ticker formerly showed a market summary at 0:16, 0:36, 0:56 past the hour but, it no longer does. The ticker now also provides the size of each trade (the volume, or number of shares traded), a feature which was reinstated on July 12, 2006 after it was dumped during the re-launch in December 2005.

Also, PowerShares ETF symbols, which are traded along the lower band of the ticker, are highlighted in orange for sponsorship reasons.

Before and after-market hours (8:00 am ET - 9:30 am ET and 4:00 pm ET - 6:30 pm ET respectively), the ticker gives viewers extended hours trading quotes (after-hours quotes are symbolized with gold text). Between the hours of 5:00 am ET - 8:00 am ET and 6:30 pm ET - 8:00 pm ET, viewers are shown an alphabetical recap of the closing prices of S&P 500 stocks on the top band, while latest news headlines as well as weather projections for selected cities are displayed on the bottom band.

right|290px|thumb|CNBC's "Breaking News mode" (Note: The screenshot comes from CNBC Asia, so the style of the top bug and the ticker are different from the package of CNBC US). This "Breaking News" graphic (from 2007) was used from 2006-2008. Above the ticker, the left-hand side graphic will provides the logo for the specific program that is currently on-air (i.e., "Morning Call"). The middle block gives viewers either a caption of the topic being discussed (i.e., "Mike Huckman") or information about the correspondent on the screen. Additionally, the left block is also replaced by logos indicating general subjects (i.e., "Behind the Wheel",) or the network's "Breaking News" (gold on red), "CNBC Alert" (green), "CNBC Market Alert" (black on gold) or "CNBC Exclusive" (orange) logo when required.

graphics section is way too lengthy
199.33.32.40 (talk) 18:55, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Also, there's not a single footnote in the section, at least I don't see any. Why not delete the whole section, which seems to be written by an insider without secondary sources??
 * In addition, the first sentences are inappropriate:"CNBC is well known today for its flashy and ostentatious graphics package, complete with accompanying animations and animation-sounds. Previous graphics packages put together by the network since the early 1990s have gradually increased the "wow" factor—likely in order to catch a casual viewer's eye, as cable news competition has increased dramatically since the network was launched in the late 1980s."

--Richard Peterson76.218.104.120 (talk) 00:04, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

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Some of the old programme have been deleted
I found some of the old programme from CNBC, such as Market Watch have been deteled. Can any people help to find the source from 1998-2002? I also open the discussion in here Wpcpey (talk) 18:08, 18 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:CNBC


text:
Talk:Princess consort

THis article needs to be rewritten. (Alphaboi867 19:58, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC))

HM Queen Camilla also known as HRH The Princess Consort
I think the entire concept of Camilla being a Princess Consort with the style Royal Highness is totally rediculous. It severely downgrades royal styles and titles in so much as you can call someone whatever you like regardless of whether they have a high royal style or not. It takes the concept of respect towards authority away. When Charles acceedes the throne, Camilla will be Queen with the style of Majesty and should in my opinion be treated as such. To style her and treat her as a Royal Highnes when she is in fact a Majesty is rather like treating the present Queen as if she were the Duchess of Edinburgh with the style Royal Highness. It is incorrect to refer to them as such when they hold higher statuses regardless of whether they hold these subsidiary titles. That's exactly what they are and will remain subsidiary titles. The same applies to the Lady Louise Windsor who is fact HRH The Princess Louise of Wessex. It is wrong to address her as Lady because the title of Princess with the style Royal supercedes that priveledge. If the concept of calling people whatever you want continues, the respect for the monarch will be lost due to the fact that royal styles and titles can be changed without the use of letters patent. Consider the possibility of this happening in numerous cases and not just one. Consider what the order of precedence would look like for women..

1. HRH The Duchess of Edinburgh (Legally Queen with the style Majesty but not styled as such) 2. HRH The Duchess of Cornwall (Legally Princess of Wales with the style Royal Highness but not styles as such) 3. Sophie Wessex (Legally Countess of Wessex with the style Royal Highness but is not styled as such for professional reasons) 4. Lady Louise Wessex (Legally Princess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland with the style Royal Highness but is not styled as such) 5. HRH The Princess Beatrice of York (who might one day be stripped of all her styles and titles due to the popular notion of downgrading Royal styles and titles) 6. HRH The Princes Eugenie of York (who might one day be stripped of all her styles and titles due to the popular notion of downgrading Royal styles and titles)

..not to mention the fact that the whole reason for this Princess Consort malaki is pointless due to the fact that Camilla already holds the same status as Diana in the order of precedence aswell as Diana's former style of Royal Highness making her higher than Diana was at the time of her death. On the accession of Charles to the throne Camilla will also be a Princess in her own right a style that was used to refer to Diana but was never hers legally giving her a higher title than Diana had again.

Furthermore, the whole concept of the divorced wives of Royals and indeed peers retaining the female style of their husbands title is absurd. They are not Duchesses/Countesses etc so why refer to them as such. Sarah, Duchess of York is not a Duchess and Diana, Princess of Wales was not a Princess. Sarah was once but is not now and should be referred to as Mrs Mountbatten-Windsor or Ms Ferguson. Alternatively, one could give them another style and title if they merited such a title as was indeed the case with the late Diana, Princess of Wales. I think it's high time that someone reviewed the Royal titles and put things right once and for all.

Children
Largely theoretical, but I doubt any children of the union could be excluded from the succession without an Act of Parliament modifying the Act of Settlement. —Ashley Y 09:41, 2005 Feb 11 (UTC)

 * True. In order to exclude children from this union from the succession not only would the UK parliament need to pass a law, but so would every Commonwealth Realm.  Given that Camilla is 57 years old and well passed menopause it's not an issue.  The chances of her have a child are so small (she'd need really good fertility specialists) the gov't isn't going go through all the effort and international coorndination needed to changed the law.  Imagine the debate it kick of in Australia.  Same reason they keep delaying a law allowing cognatic primogeture and Catholic spouses. (Alphaboi867 18:39, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC))

 * Menopause point taken, but I'm curious... would future adopted children be excluded? --Ds13 05:38, 2005 Apr 10 (UTC)

 * The succession is to heirs of the body of the Electress Sophia. It doesn't include adoptees. - Nunh-huh 05:42, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Adopted children would have no right of succesion. However if their parents requested the Queen could allow them to be styled as if they were biological offspring. (Alphaboi867 05:59, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC))

first use of term?
I stated that the term was invented for Parker Bowles when creating this article yesterday. I today read at the German News-Site of n-tv (German CNN-partner) that the term wasn't used for 140 years, so it probably existed before? Unfortunalty, there are no futher information. See. --Abe Lincoln 10:32, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Google has references to prinesses consort in China, India and Thailand, so even if it's the first use of the term in British monarchy, it's certainly been used before. --JohnnyB 17:08, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

legally become queen consort

 * she will legally become queen-consort the moment Charles ascends the throne.

Could we have some more detail on this, please? I thought the point of the whole foofaraw was that she wouldn't become queen consort. - Montréalais

 * I think the idea is this: Unless Britain and all the Commonwealth countries change their laws, Camilla will legally be the queen consort when she marries Charles, because that's the title given to the wife of the king. However, she won't be addressed as such. --JohnnyB 18:43, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * There is no specific law that says Camilla will become Queen. However tradition says that the wife of a King will be Queen. Only an Act of Parliament can prevent the Queen consort from styling herself that. For example when King George IV ascended the throne, his estranged wife, Caroline of Brunswick became Queen consort, and used this title offically. George IV persuaded parliament to bring forth a law, the Pains and Penalties Bill 1820 to strip Caroline of her title of Queen (and to divorce her). However the bill failed to pass its first reading and then Caroline died. Astrotrain 21:38, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * George IV never was validly married to Caroline of Brunswick. He was married to Maria Fitzherbert. --217.251.78.118 (talk) 18:55, 26 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Camilla is allready Princess of Wales, and will become Queen when Charles succeeds - it's just that neither he nor her will refer to her as such for publicity reasons. - Matthew238 22:55, 18 May 2006 (UTC)

Queen
why does she have to become Queen when Charles ascends? can she not stay Duchess of Cornwall ?. Prince Philip remained Duke of Edinburgh after his wife became Queen and for more than fifty years it has been "HM The Queen and HRH The Duke of Edinburgh.." so why could it not be .."HM The King and HRH The Duchess of Cornwall.." If you ask me, they are both morganatic marruages.....

 * Phillip is a man, Camilla is a women.  Different rules apply to them.   A women automatically takes the feminine form of her husband's titles.  By contrast a man doesn't get the masculine form of his wife's titles.   England had only one king consort, Phillip II of Spain.   Phillip was created Duke of Edinburgh his his own right.   Camilla is Duchess of Cornwall (she's also Princess of Wales) because her husband is Duke of Cornwall.   When Charles ascends the throne William will automatically become Duke of Cornwall and his wife will be Duchess of Cornwall.   Neither Camilla or Phillip are in morganatic marriages.   The concept is totally foreign to British law and custom.   Plus the offspring of a morgantic marriage have no succession rights.   The Queen's children are all in line to the throne and in theory if Charles and Camilla were to have a child s/he would be after Prince Harry in the line of succesion. (Alphaboi867 18:17, 26 March 2006 (UTC))

-

In spite of the well-meaning tautology "she is from a noble and aristocratic family," Camilla is of the gentry. --Wetman 16:33, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

Camilla, and so forth
While it has been announced that Camilla will be known as "Princess Consort" when Charles becomes King, is there any particular reason to believe this will happen? Should we state this as a fact? Beyond this, shouldn't we mention Princess Maxima, in the Netherlands? It is my understanding that, because of the lack of Kings for a hundred years in the Netherlands, the Dutch have become deeply confused about the way these things work, and have determined that the wives of reigning kings should only have the style of "Princess" (or alternately, have decided that the difference between the sexes is, er, sexist, and have decided to follow the female model for male rulers, instead of the male model for female rulers), and that thus, Princess Maxima will remain Princess Maxima even after her husband becomes King. This seems like a more clear-cut case than the ad hoc nature of Camilla's supposed status in this respect - there seems to be a general understanding in the Netherlands that this is a rule that will be in place for the indefinite future. Any thoughts? john k 14:58, 14 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I think modifying it to make it clear that it has so been announced, but with the doubt that it may not come to pass, it perfectly appropriate. The Dutch model is somewhat different, given that ex-Queens, such as Juliana, revert to the title of Princess.  They follow their own rules.--Wehwalt 14:03, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

If precedent means anything, all wives of past Kings of the Netherlands became Queen. Wilhelmine of Prussia, Anne of Russia, Sophie of Württemberg and Emma of Waldeck & Pyrmont. So why not Maxima? 87.208.3.170 (talk) 20:46, 3 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I think WP:Crystal ball applies here wonderfully well and that any reference to her possible future title is irrelevant enough to be removed until there is some sustainable fact to support it as really effecting her life story. It would be more relevant in her mother-in-law's article, if the Oueen actually has made the (bizarre?) Princess anouncement, and then as an idiosyncracy in the perfect sense of the word. If only some populist (?) politicians (having assumed that everybody hates this woman and won't stand for her being Queen) are behind that announcement, why not let's ignore it? If it is a genuine attempt to start a permanent new tradition of gender equality in Britain (as the Dutch plans seem to be), let's not ignore it and see if we can find a reliable source to describe it as such. SergeWoodzing (talk) 17:03, 4 October 2009 (UTC)

When, not if
1) The source says "when" 2) All consitutional mechanisms are in place to immediately proclaim Charles as King once the Queen dies. "If" is therefore the violation of WP:CRYSTAL, NOT "When." 62.190.148.115 (talk) 13:33, 11 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Princess consort


text:
Florence King

Florence Virginia King (January 5, 1936 – January 6, 2016) was an American novelist, essayist and columnist.

While her early writings focused on the American South and those who live there, much of King's later work was published in National Review. Until her retirement in 2002, her column in National Review, "The Misanthrope's Corner", was known for "serving up a smorgasbord of curmudgeonly critiques about rubes and all else bothersome to the Queen of Mean", as the magazine put it. After leaving retirement in 2006, she began writing a new column for National Review titled "The Bent Pin."

King was a traditionalist conservative, but not a "movement conservative," and she objected to much of the populist direction of the contemporary American Right. She was an active Episcopalian (though she often referred to her agnosticism), a member of Phi Alpha Theta, and a monarchist.

Early life
King was born January 5, 1936 in Washington, D.C., to an American mother, Louise Cora (née Ruding) King, and a British father, Herbert Frederick King. She grew up in the District with her parents, her maternal grandmother, and her grandmother's maid. Each of these people influenced her development as a person. In particular, her grandmother required high standards of behavior from her, referring to the family as descendants of Virginia's colonial elite. In many of her writings, King often referred to the comical contradictions between the material reality of her lower middle class upbringing and the snobbish behavior of her grandmother.

In 1957, King received her BA in history from American University in Washington D.C., where she was inducted into Phi Alpha Theta. She attended the University of Mississippi as a graduate student, but did not complete her M.A. degree after discovering she could make a living as a writer.

Career
King had several occupations before she began writing as a career. In the mid-1950s, she was a history teacher in Suitland, Maryland. Later in the decade, she was a file clerk at the National Association of Realtors. From 1964 to 1967, King was a feature writer for the Raleigh News and Observer. While at the newspaper, King received the North Carolina Press Woman Award for reporting.

The majority of King's works under her own name have been non-fiction essays. She also wrote a historical romance novel, Barbarian Princess, under the pseudonym Laura Buchanan. King also admitted to having written numerous pornographic stories, pulp paperback books and erotica under various pseudonyms. She gained national attention with her column "The Misanthrope's Corner" in National Review, a conservative magazine of political and social commentary. She also wrote numerous articles for The American Enterprise. Her first book published under her own name was 1975's Southern Ladies and Gentlemen. The work provides a humorous guide to the South for "Yankees". Her most popular book, Confessions of a Failed Southern Lady (1985), is a semi-autobiographical work focusing on, among other things, her grandmother's attempts to mold King into a "Southern lady".

In Confessions, King says she had relationships with both men and women during college: one woman she fell in love with was killed in a car crash. This relationship was detailed in Confessions of a Failed Southern Lady. She jokingly described herself as a "conservative lesbian feminist" and has been referred to as the "World's Funniest Bi-Sexual-Republican."

King later expressed regret at revealing her bisexuality, saying she did not want to be part of the "gay liberation movement" and embraced the concepts of "spinsterhood" and "the old maid."

In 1995, King publicly accused the writer Molly Ivins of plagiarizing her work. Ivins publicly acknowledged and apologized for her error in an exchange of letters in the next issue of that magazine, which may be found quoted in an account of the controversy.

King, who lived in Fredericksburg, Virginia in the later years of her life, retired in 2002 (at which time National Review published an anthology of her columns titled STET, Damnit!), but resumed writing a monthly column for National Review in 2006, titled in 2007 "The Bent Pin". A selection of her book reviews and articles was released under the title Deja Reviews: Florence King All Over Again in October 2006.

Death
Florence King died on January 6, 2016, one day after her 80th birthday, from heart and pulmonary-related diseases.

Works

 * (fiction - writing as Laura Buchanan)
 * (fiction)
 * (anthology)
 * (fiction)
 * (anthology)
 * (anthology)
 * (anthology)
 * (anthology)
 * (anthology)
 * (anthology)

title: Florence King


text:
Jeff Gannon

James Dale Guckert (born May 22, 1957) is an American conservative columnist better known by the pseudonym Jeff Gannon. Between 2003 and 2005, he was given credentials as a White House reporter. He was eventually employed by the conservative website Talon News during the latter part of this period. Gannon first gained national attention during a presidential press conference on January 26, 2005, when he asked United States President George W. Bush a question that some in the press corps considered "so friendly it might have been planted" ("How are you going to work with [Senate Democratic leaders] who seem to have divorced themselves from reality?").

Gannon routinely obtained daily passes to White House briefings, attending four Bush press conferences and appearing regularly at White House press briefings. Although he did not qualify for a Congressional press pass, Gannon was given daily passes to White House press briefings "after supplying his real name, date of birth and Social Security number." Gannon came under public scrutiny for his lack of a journalistic background prior to his work with Talon and his involvement with various gay escort service websites using the professional name "Bulldog."

Gannon resigned from Talon News on February 8, 2005. Continuing to use the name Gannon, he has since created his own official homepage and worked for a time as a columnist for the Washington Blade newspaper, where he confirmed he was gay after he was outed. Most recently, Gannon operated JeffGannon.com, a blog where he criticized those who exposed him, the "Old Media" and the "Angry Gay Left", accusing them of promoting a double standard. The site has since been taken offline and the domain expired. He published a book titled The Great Media War in 2007.

White House press credentials
Gannon first attended a White House press conference on February 28, 2003, and there asked a question of then White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer. At this time Gannon had never had an article published, and was not associated with any kind of news organization (Talon News had not yet been created ). However, Gannon states that he was editor of his high school student newspaper, as proof of having some journalistic experience.

White House Press Secretary Scott McClellan later said that there had been no breakdown in security and no one had intervened on Gannon's behalf to ensure his access, despite the fact that he had been able to get a press pass for the White House using an assumed name. Gannon's response was that the alias Jeff Gannon was a professional name used for convenience, claiming that his "real last name is hard to spell and pronounce," and that the Secret Service was aware of his identity.

Journalists have said that it can take weeks to get the kind of clearance Gannon received. He was issued one-day press passes for nearly two years, avoiding the extensive background checks required for permanent passes, and sidestepping his inability to gain the necessary Congressional press pass. He applied for a Congressional press pass in April 2004 but was denied one by the Standing Committee of Correspondents, a group of congressional reporters who oversee press credential distribution on Capitol Hill, on the grounds that Talon did not qualify as a legitimate independent news service. On his resume Gannon said he is a graduate of the Leadership Institute Broadcast School of Journalism, a two-day seminar for "conservatives who want a career in journalism."

Talon News
Talon News was a virtual organization (with no physical office or newsroom) owned by the Web site GOPUSA. Robert Eberle is the president and CEO of both GOPUSA and Talon News. This has led to unproven charges that Talon News was created specifically to give Gannon a news organization that he could ostensibly represent, to justify his continuing to work at the White House. By the middle of February 2005, the Talon News website had shut down indefinitely, according to the message on that site; since May 2007, the Talon News site has been a parody, and its pages link to The Firesign Theatre's site.

Controversy
The controversy over Gannon's background started after President George W. Bush's January 26, 2005, press conference, at which Gannon asked the president the following question:

"Senate Democratic leaders have painted a very bleak picture of the U.S. economy. (Senate Minority Leader) Harry Reid was talking about soup lines. And (Senator) Hillary Clinton was talking about the economy being on the verge of collapse. Yet in the same breath they say that Social Security is rock solid and there's no crisis there. How are you going to work – you've said you are going to reach out to these people – how are you going to work with people who seem to have divorced themselves from reality?"

Gannon's question was ridiculed on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart enquiring, "Who is this muckraking Jeff Gannon, who is holding the president's feet to the fire so that he can more easily give him a reach-around?" The question was also derided by a number of bloggers who considered it an excessively deferential question for a reporter to ask at a presidential press conference. The question also contained a factually inaccurate assertion: the supposed comments about soup lines had not been made by Reid, but had been satirically attributed to him by conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh.

After the January 26, 2005, press conference, scrutiny into his personal and professional background by news organizations and blogs began. On February 8, 2005, Gannon resigned from Talon News and shut down his website, Jeffgannon.com. According to Howard Kurtz of the Washington Post:

"Jeff Gannon, ... whose naked pictures have appeared on a number of gay escort sites, says that he has 'regrets' about his past but that White House officials knew nothing about his salacious activities."

Gannon said that he has been stalked and that his family has been harassed. He has revived his website since that time.

Gannon is alleged to have registered several Internet domain names, including hotmilitarystud.com and Militaryescorts4m.com and posted naked pictures of himself. According to The Independent:

Bloggers revealed that Jeff Gannon... had previously worked as a $200-an-hour gay prostitute who advertised himself on a series of websites with names such as hotmilitarystud.com.

When these ads became public, Gannon refused to specifically address them, but admitted that he had made mistakes in his past.

During the 2004 election, he wrote that John Kerry "might someday be known as 'the first gay president'" and that Kerry had supported "the pro-gay agenda."

Cliff Kincaid, editor of the conservative organization Accuracy in Media, wrote that "(t)he campaign against Gannon demonstrates the paranoid mentality and mean-spirited nature of the political left."

In April 2006, Gannon appeared on the television program Lie Detector, produced by Mark Phillips Philms and Telephision for the PAX Network (now Ion Television) submitting to and passing a polygraph test while asserting that he was not a White House operative.

Connection to Plame investigation
Gannon was questioned by the Justice Department in relation to the department's criminal investigation into the Valerie Plame affair, in which Plame's identity as an employee of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was leaked to a journalist by an administration official. On October 28, 2003, Talon News published an interview in three parts that Gannon had conducted with Ambassador Joseph C. Wilson,  Plame's husband, whom the CIA had sent to Niger in 2003 to investigate claims that Iraq was attempting to procure yellowcake uranium. In the interview, Gannon asked Wilson about an "internal government memo prepared by U.S. intelligence personnel" that said Plame had suggested Wilson for the job. In a February 2005 interview, Gannon told CNN's Wolf Blitzer that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) had spoken to him in an effort to learn who had leaked the classified memo and to whom, but that he had not been asked to appear before the grand jury investigating the case. Many assumed the White House had leaked the memo to him. Gannon said he had learned about its existence after it had been mentioned in a story published in the Wall Street Journal.

Previously, Gannon had been criticized by Tom Daschle's supporters when he covered the 2004 South Dakota Senate race between Daschle and John Thune. Supporters of Daschle claimed he acted as a de facto member of the Thune campaign while ostensibly a journalist.

Washington Blade
In July 2005, Gannon began writing for the DC-area gay publication Washington Blade. His articles included criticism of gay blogger John Aravosis, who had accused him of having pornographic ads. Blade editor Chris Crain attracted his own criticism from many in the gay community for this decision, due to Gannon's criticism of the gay rights movement as well as his refusal to disclose his sexual orientation. He has said, "My personal life is a private matter, despite the fact that I have become a public person." Crain defended his decision in a September 2005 editorial, writing that the "steady stream of feedback/vitriol" had declined "a little" with each new Gannon article. Crain resigned as editor in 2006, retaining ownership in the paper's parent company. The new editorial team fired Gannon as a result of what editor Kevin Naff called Gannon's "huge credibility problem."

House Judiciary Committee
The House Judiciary Committee voted against House resolution 136, on March 16, 2005, that would have directed the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security to transmit documents in the possession of officials to the House of Representatives. These documents related to the security investigations and background checks involved in granting Gannon access to the White House. The documents were to be transmitted no later than 14 days after the date of the adoption of the resolution.

During the Committee meeting, Democratic Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee claimed that Gannon had engaged in "a penetration of the White House, maybe a security breach, and I do not believe it can be answered with self-investigation.

Chairman Jim Sensenbrenner said that a letter from the Secret Service dated March 7, 2005, stated, "Please be advised that our Office of Protective Operations has looked into this matter and has determined that there was no deviation from Secret Service standards and procedures as your letter suggests."

Gannon later wrote in his blog, "I hope this vote will put these issues to rest and allow me to return to my work as a journalist." In his self-published book, The Great Media War, he responds to questions about whether he played some role for the Bush White House other than that of an independent journalist.

White House records
Democratic Representatives John Conyers of Michigan and Louise Slaughter of New York had submitted similar requests under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), on February 15, 2005. The Department of Homeland Security answered Slaughter's request with Secret Service records of Gannon's check in and out times at the White House. In a 2005 interview, he stated that he has never spent the night at the White House.

title: Jeff Gannon


text:
File:Paperman.jpg

Studying - an adapted image based on a Hopper image &copy Brookie 2005

title: File:Paperman.jpg


text:
Medium endurance cutter

The Medium Endurance Cutter or WMEC is a type of United States Coast Guard Cutter mainly consisting of the 270 ft Famous- and 210 ft Reliance-class cutters. These larger cutters are under control of Area Commands (Atlantic Area or Pacific Area). These cutters have adequate accommodations for crew to live on board and can do 6 to 8 week patrols. Other ships in the WMEC classification are the 282 ft USCGC Alex Haley (WMEC-39), and the now-decommissioned 213 ft USCGC Acushnet (WMEC-167), and 230 ft USCGC Storis (WMEC-38), and 205 ft USCGC Tamaroa (WMEC-166) which began as the United States Navy Cherokee-class fleet tug USS Zuni (ATF-95) launched in 1943.

There are 13 vessels in the Famous class, and 12 vessels still in active US service in the Reliance class. The Coast Guard plans to eventually phase out the vessels in both of these cutter classes and replace them with the Offshore Patrol Cutter as part of the Integrated Deepwater System Program.

History
After World War II, the United States Coast Guard used the US Navy hull classification system. The large, sea-going cutters were classified primarily as Coast Guard gunboats (WPG), destroyer escorts (WDE), and seaplane tenders (WAVP). In 1965 the Coast Guard adopted its own designation system and these large cutters were then referred to as Coast Guard High Endurance Cutters (WHEC). The coastal cutters once known as Cruising Cutters, Second Class and then as Coast Guard patrol craft (WPC) were now Coast Guard Medium Endurance Cutters (WMEC)."

Famous-class cutter
The Famous-class vessels have hull numbers in the range from WMEC-901 through WMEC-913. Entering service in the 1980s, the Famous-class cutters were designed as replacements for the 327 ft Treasury-class cutters, and their mission profile emphasized law enforcement, particularly patrolling the newly established 200 mi exclusive economic zone.

The Coast Guard harvested weapons systems components from decommissioned Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates to save money. Harvesting components from four decommissioned frigates resulted in more than $24 million in cost savings, which increased with parts from more decommissioned frigates. Equipment such as the Mark 75, 76 mm/62 caliber gun mounts, gun control panels, barrels, launchers, junction boxes, and other components from decommissioned Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were returned to service aboard Famous-class cutters in order to extend their service lives into the 2030s.

Reliance-class cutter
The Reliance-class vessels have hull numbers in the range from WMEC-615 through WMEC-630. Entering service between 1964 and 1969, the Reliance-class cutters were meant to replace the 125 ft cutters of the Prohibition era and were the first major cutter replacement project since the 255 ft Owasco-class cutters from World War II.

The 210s (210-foot cutters) received upgrades and modifications (in a program named "Midlife Maintenance Availability" or MMA) during the 1986 through 1990 time period. The "A"-class cutters had their gas turbines removed, and all 210s had their stern transom exhaust systems replaced with a traditional stack. While this modification reduced the size of the flight deck, they were still more than capable of carrying out helicopter operations. Other modifications included enlarging the superstructure area, replacing the main armament, and increasing the fire-fighting capability of the cutters. The modifications cost approximately $20 million per cutter, well above their original cost of about $3.5 million each.

Ships in class
Courageous was decommissioned on 19 September 2001. She was transferred to the government of Sri Lanka on 24 June 2004 as SLNS Samudura (P-621).

Durable was decommissioned on 20 September 2001. In 2003 she was transferred to the Coast Guard of the Colombian Navy as ARC Valle del Cauca (PO-44).

Decisive was decommissioned on 2 March 2023.

Steadfast was decommissioned on 1 February 2024.

Dependable was removed from active service and placed in commission, special status on 9 April 2024. Her crew were transferred to other Coast Guard units to help meet the service-wide shortage of enlisted personnel.

Dauntless was removed from active service and placed in commission, special status on 21 June 2024. As of that date she had served 56 years. She and Steadfast are the only two Coast Guard cutters to have seized one million pounds of marijuana.

title: Medium endurance cutter


text:
Talk:Relief

disscuss the importance of direct experience of sculptures in terms of their physical presence and their relationship to the site.

Expert opinion on utility of each type of relief requested
Could somebody who has considerable expertise in sculpting or in the history of sculpture add the basic explanation of why reliefs are done? My belief/guess/understanding is that the greater the depth of a relief, the more expensive, but that all are cheaper than a free-standing sculpture. But I suspect there are issues related to making a relief fit in a larger context, of style, and of ... I don't know. Resistance to vandalism?? Being unobtrusive? Not stressing the strength of available material?

67.169.127.166 (talk) 20:32, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
 * A relief is a one-sided sculpture, and usually forms part of a building or some similar bulky object like the base of a statue, or even a piece of furniture. Yes, higher relief takes more work, and is more expensive. Hope that helps. Johnbod (talk) 20:38, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Merges from bas-relief, alto-rilievo and Sunken-relief

 * Support as nom I think all four short stubs should be merged, not least because the division drawn between the two main sub-types, high and low, varies considerably. If not merged, alto-rilievo should be renamed high-relief. Johnbod (talk) 15:06, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

I don't know how to fix it but the word "intaglio" in this article literally redirects to itself. Particularly unhelpful b/c when you search for the "intaglio" you get a disambiguation page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.16.22.239 (talk) 23:20, 14 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Fixed now. Ceoil (talk) 23:47, 14 November 2010 (UTC)

Stone Mountain
If Stone Mountain is the largest bas relief sculpture in the world, then why does it receive so little attention in this article?

Low relief in eastern orthodox icons
Although they generally avoid anything approaching full sculpture, some icons of the eastern church (or their coverings) have a very detailed low relief covering, often made of silver. Mention? -- 92.226.93.64 (talk) 19:32, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
 * This type of relief is not distinctively Orthodox, & it would be a bit WP:UNDUE while the article remains a short summary of the different types. Of course Byzantine relief, in ivory etc, is often pretty high. That's my view anyway. Johnbod (talk) 01:56, 18 May 2012 (UTC)

Artistic effect
The following sentence is an opinion, not a fact: "The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise with little artistic effect if the lowered background is left plain, as is often the case." Therefore, it should be edited.Amadeus webern (talk) 18:51, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

Excess trimmed
I've reduced over-large image sizes and chopped the galleries a bit. Commons is over yonder... Vsmith (talk) 13:18, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * And I've reverted all of it. The subject is complicated and important and the images actually carefully chosen. You clearly don't edit visual art subjects much. Johnbod (talk) 13:36, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Yeah - "clearly don't..." and you like to insult with your snobbery ... sorry 'bout that. The excess size and "carefully chosen" number of images is quite absurd and a problem for those with slow connections. Gah ... Vsmith (talk) 14:16, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Hi Vsmit, I also think the current image sizes are appropriate, given the intricacies and subtleties or the works depicted. Employing larger image sizes is standard practice on wiki when describing what are often highly detailed smaller works; its not about snobbery, its about utility and common sense, IMO. I would agree with your position re image size if this were most other articles, but not on this particular one. Ceoil (talk) 19:05, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Oh, so for some unknown reason oversize images are needed here - seems the norm be: "click the image and view the detail on the image file" hmm... Vsmith (talk) 22:52, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * The reason is not unknown; it has been spelled out for you a few times now! Ceoil (talk) 23:01, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Oh and also - bolding synonyms or redirects target to the parent article is common practice. PS, you do good work here, don't want to fall out over this. Ceoil (talk) 19:14, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Eh ... nah seems WP:OWN be at play here. Sorry 'bout that. Vsmith (talk) 22:52, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Nah, you're doing WIERD STUFF like reducing galleries below the default size (which frankly ought not to be possible, as there's never a good reason) and debolding redirects, which just isn't helpful. Pointing objectors (and you clearly anticipated some) to the 50 million images on Commons, and the several thousand in the Category:Reliefs is exceptionally unhelpful to readers - I haven't seen that crap argument used for years. Johnbod (talk) 23:10, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Indeed, and are verging on the point of edit warring by now. Ceoil (talk) 23:40, 17 November 2018 (UTC)

Seems I've upset the owners here ... so I'll exit the scene and let them play. Vsmith (talk) 23:43, 17 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Probably wise, absent a semblance of counter arguments. Ceoil (talk) 23:58, 17 November 2018 (UTC)

And the page owners watch like hawks ... so all must be supersized. Aw well ... Vsmith (talk) 21:39, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Some editors who know about visual arts, yes. I see we covered all the issues 2 years ago. Johnbod (talk) 21:42, 3 July 2020 (UTC)

Low relief in English
The current section on "low reliefs" state that the current English terminology is outdated. If so, should this be merged to another section? It seems odd to point out that this termonology is rare at the beginning of the section, though this is not my field and I don't know if it might be impacted by other factors! -- Marx01  Tell me about it 09:06, 8 July 2020 (UTC)
 * evidently needs rephrasing, but it says"A low relief or bas-relief ("low relief", French pronunciation: [baʁəljɛf], from the Italian basso rilievo; this is now a rather old-fashioned term in English) ...". That is, basso rilievo is now a rather old-fashioned term in English, as in fact bas-relief is becoming. Johnbod (talk) 16:05, 8 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Relief


text:
User:Betsythedevine

Gone but not gone, with admin approval I am now editing from a cleanstart account, free from dramaz
My presenter's bio from Wikimania 2006:

 * Betsy Devine has a master's degree in engineering from Princeton and many years of immersion in geek sociology, including both Slashdot and Wikipedia flame wars. Her blog and her Wikipedia watchlist reflect wide interests in science, politics, and reputation theory. Dead-tree publications include Longing for the Harmonies (a popular-science introduction published by WW Norton) and Absolute Zero Gravity (a science-joke collection published by Simon and Schuster.)

Slight expansion of the Abstract for that talk, "Schrödinger's Wiki: The Quantum Challenge of Media Attention":

 * In quantum mechanics, you can't observe a phenomenon without affecting it. When Wikipedia makes headline news, inbound waves of new visitors challenge the project. I will describe examples of two different challenges.

 * First, the "Swiftboating" edit war (November/December, 2005) began when political bloggers linked to this article, criticizing its point of view from both left and right. Within minutes, many new visitors, identified only by their IP addresses, started trying to edit the article, some expressing frustration with acts of vandalism.

 * Second, Wikipedia's increasing use as a media source motivated anonymous edits by Congressional staffers, as investigated by WikiNews in January/February, 2006.

 * The "Swiftboating" war typifies what I would call a "vandal wave," set off by negative coverage of Wikipedia, a pointer to a specific article, and new-user frustration with editing tools in conditions of heavy use. The Congressional edits could be described as a "spin wave," where highly-motivated professional writers attempted to shift the spin of important articles. In both cases, Wikipedia gets hit by what looks like a wave of undesirable contributors. I'll discuss some tools and metrics for each case, including ways to detect/recruit productive contributors. I hope the audience will also contribute new insights.

The main novelty of my presentation in 2006, novel to me anyway, was the discovery that one could detect an incoming "edit wave" to a page in the second-derivative-wrt-time of edit attempts. That is, some pages get a lot of edits normally and some get only a few, so edits-per-minute (i.e. the first derivative wrt time of edit attempts) measures something but it does not reliably signal attacks on an article. But it would be easy and simple to allocate some rough d-edit/dt to each page, and then set code in the background to flag any sudden departure as something that might be worth closer looks.

///////////////

My academic background is science/engineering, but I've spent much of the past four years working and/or blogging in the area people now call  Web 2.0 -- one of my favorite parts of which is Wikipedia! New toy I just found -- you can see my edit count here). It's about 4,000 right now but will probably go up a bit by the time anybody but me reads this. Another techy toy ... images I uploaded to Commons.

Betsythedevine, aka Betsy Devine, aka Betsy Devine: Now with even more funny ha-ha and peculiar.

title: User:Betsythedevine