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Chris Redfield

Chris Redfield is a character in Resident Evil (Biohazard in Japan), a survival horror video game series created by the Japanese company Capcom. He was introduced as one of the two playable characters of the original Resident Evil (1996), alongside his partner Jill Valentine, as a member of the Raccoon Police Department's Special Tactics and Rescue Service (S.T.A.R.S.) unit. Vowing to never let any tragedies like Raccoon City happen again, Chris becomes a founding member of the United Nations' Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA).

Chris is the protagonist of several Resident Evil games, novelizations, and films and has also appeared in other game franchises, including Marvel vs. Capcom, Project X Zone, and Dead by Daylight. In later games, such as Resident Evil 7 (2017) and Resident Evil: Village (2021), his features were based on New Zealand model Geordie Dandy. Several actors have portrayed Chris, including Wentworth Miller and Robbie Amell, in the live-action Resident Evil films.

Video game magazines have mainly given Chris unfavorable reviews; in particular, they have taken issue with the frequent modifications to his design and inconsistent use of appearance. However, he has been recognized for his sex appeal and is considered one of the sexiest video game characters by several publications. Some critics have referred to a scene of Chris punching a boulder in Resident Evil 5 as one of the most memorable within the Resident Evil series, which was also subjected to Internet memes.

Concept and design

Chris was introduced as one of the two playable protagonists, alongside his partner Jill Valentine, in Capcom's 1996 survival horror video game Resident Evil. He was created by director Shinji Mikami and designer Isao Ohishi. Designer Hideki Kamiya described Chris as a "blunt, tough-guy type", admitting that he was a fan of this archetype. According to the writer Kenichi Iwao, when Kamiya first proposed naming Chris "Beam", Iwao objected and suggested an alternative name for Chris. Beam reminds him of a beam cannon used by a robot in a Japanese animation, and he finds it a rather unusual name for the Japanese people. He went on to say that unusual titles, locations, or looks are inappropriate for horror video games. In horror, amazing things are caused by outside forces, and terror is lessened if the hero is concerned. From his point of view, it was a mistake.

Of white American descent, Chris joined the Special Tactics and Rescue Service (S.T.A.R.S.) special operations unit after demonstrating exceptional skills in hand-to-hand combat, helicopters, planes, and shooting during his training with the United States Air Force. Although their storylines progress in "the same general direction," the gameplay differs for Jill and Chris;  Chris can't carry as many goods in his inventory, but he can run quicker, aim more precisely, and withstand more damage.

Resident Evil 5 features Chris as a protagonist; designers opted to focus on how the character had aged since the original game. Chris' increased muscle mass was to show that he had trained heavily in order to fight the series' powerful villain, Albert Wesker, bare-handed. Modeler Yosuke Yamagata added that they "made a new design that retained their signature color—green for Chris, blue for Jill—to carry over the same look from the past. The facial structures are mainly based on the visuals of the GameCube version, and we added various details to these in order to develop a realistic structure." Resident Evil 5's producer Jun Takeuchi said that the series' fans "would really love" a video game featuring both Leon S. Kennedy and Chris as the protagonists due to their popularity, and at the same time, it would be "pretty dramatic" if the two characters never met before the series would end; this eventually occurred in Resident Evil 6. In Resident Evil 6, Chris has a slightly disheveled look due to his alcoholism and post-traumatic amnesia.

In Resident Evil 7, Chris was given an entirely new design as the producers wanted to give him a more realistic look. The character's new design made him completely "unrecognizable", as stated by commentators and players. Director Kōshi Nakanishi stated that Resident Evil 6s Chris model "was just not suitable for Resident Evil 7s game engine or aesthetic". He further said that "[a]lthough it is a fairly realistic impression, even if it mixes with the character of "7", it seems that a sense of incongruity will come out." Takeuchi, the executive producer, added that they had been thinking about Chris as the primary character at the time and that, as it was the first time we had seen him in a long time, he needed to be shown as a hero. In retrospect, he also understood that creating Chris into a hero was not the same as creating a Resident Evil game. In Resident Evil Village, Chris is once again redesigned, but his look closer resembles that in Resident Evil 6, due to fan backlash against his look in Resident Evil 7. According to the director of Resident Evil Village DLC, Kento Kinoshita, the production team behind the DLC for the horror sequel initially had a completely different plan in mind. "At the time of the project," he says, referencing the DLC's early days of planning, "there were some ideas that focused on Chris. But we wanted to focus on Rose Winters," disclosing that the crew had a preference for a DLC that starred Rose as the main character rather than having Chris rejoin the action.

Voice-over and live-action actors
In the original Resident Evil, which uses live-action cinematics, Chris is played by Charlie Kraslavsky. He is the first actor to have portrayed the character. In English, Scott McCulloch voiced Chris in the original Resident Evil; Michael Filipowich voiced him in Resident Evil – Code: Veronica; Joe Whyte voiced him in Resident Evil (2002); Kevin Dorman voiced him in Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles, Resident Evil: Vendetta, and Resident Evil: Death Island; Roger Craig Smith voiced him in Resident Evil 5, Resident Evil 6, Resident Evil: The Darkside Chronicles, Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3, Marvel vs Capcom Infinite, Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds, and Resident Evil: The Mercenaries 3D; and a recreational arcade game released solely in Japan. Smith stated that he has absolutely no influence over what is done to this character by anybody. He explained that before he steps into a booth to voice a part, a lot of different individuals make a lot of different judgments for a variety of reasons. He is an actor paid to execute a job. He has no influence over who gets to voice Chris, despite the fact that he is incredibly happy with the job he has done and feels privileged to have had all the opportunities with the character. He went on to say that his job is to answer the phone when it rings and, ideally, to stay on the line. David Vaughn voiced him in Resident Evil 7, Jeff Schine voiced him in Resident Evil: Village, and Gerard Vachon voiced him in Dead by Daylight. In Japanese, Hiroki Tōchi voiced him in Resident Evil: Afterlife, Marvel vs. Capcom 3, Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3, Resident Evil: Revelations, Project X Zone, Project X Zone 2, Resident Evil 6, Resident Evil 7, 2002 Resident Evil, Resident Evil: Vendetta, Resident Evil: Village, and Resident Evil: Death Island, while Subaru Kimura voiced him in Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City.

Reuben Langdon did Chris' motion capture for several Resident Evil games, while Geordie Dandy did it in Resident Evil 7 and Village. Wentworth Miller portrayed him in Resident Evil: Afterlife. Miller said that he had seen the series and recalled in particular the third film's trailer, which included a shot above Vegas buried in the sand, described it as "iconic and arresting". He requested that the filmmakers put together a montage of noteworthy video game scenes that related to or clarified the mythology or history of his character as part of [his] research." Miller also conducted research to learn what the character meant to the audience. He claimed that in order to prepare for the part, he felt compelled to honor the existing mythology around video games. To that end, he conducted online research by visiting fan sites and blogs to learn about the discussions surrounding this character and what kinds of expectations people could have. However, he had to strike a balance between it and his acting identity, his natural talents, and the Chris Redfield that Paul W.S. Anderson creates for this film. Rather than the games, he was quite particular about the Resident Evil feature film adaptation. Robbie Amell portrayed him in Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City. Amell described playing Chris as a "dream come true". Amell revealed that they tried to incorporate a scene of Chris punching a boulder, as in Resident Evil 5, but it did not fit the movie's tone. According to Amell, Johannes had discussed Resident Evil 4 or Code Veronica as possible games that could be adapted as the film's sequel and that he would be open to reprising his role.

In Resident Evil series
Every game in the series is set in the fictional American metropolitan area of Raccoon City until its destruction at the end of Resident Evil 3: Nemesis. Subsequent games featuring Chris take place on an international scale, namely in Russia, Antarctica, China, Louisiana, Romania, Africa, and the Mediterranean Sea. The original game is set in July 1998 in a mansion on the outskirts of Raccoon City, which Chris and his team enter while searching for colleagues. Working with fellow survivor Rebecca Chambers, he discovers the property is a façade for a biological warfare laboratory operated by the Umbrella Corporation, and its undead occupants are the scientists who developed the T-virus mutagen. His commander, Albert Wesker, is revealed to be a double agent for Umbrella. Chris and Jill are among the five survivors of the incident who form a strong friendship and become passionate opponents of bioterrorism.

Chris did not appear in Resident Evil 2 (1998), as the production team used new protagonists (Leon and Claire Redfield) to preserve the original game's horror elements. Mikami believed Chris and Jill would be too experienced to be scared by the events in the sequel. Set five months later, Resident Evil - Code: Veronica (2000) sees Chris return as the protagonist of the second half of the game. He attempts to rescue his younger sister, Claire, from the Umbrella Corporation's research facilities on the fictional Rockfort Island, in the Pacific Ocean, and in Antarctica. Upon discovering she is in Antarctica, Chris is briefly confronted by Wesker, who is revealed to have survived the events of the "Mansion Incident" and now has enhanced strength and speed and is seeking revenge on Chris for having destroyed his plans. Eventually, he confronts Alexia Ashford, the creator of the T-Veronica virus. At the end of the game, he fights with Wesker shortly after killing Alexia. He is no match for him, and their fight is cut short because of the imminent destruction of the base. They vow to finish things another time.

The Umbrella Chronicles occurs in 2003, when Jill and Chris join a private organization with the goal of exposing Umbrella's biological warfare activities, leading a group to destroy their only remaining research facility. After the fall of the corporation, the pair become founding members of the United Nations' Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA). In Revelations – set two years later – Jill and her new partner Parker Luciani are sent on a mission to rescue Chris, who is allegedly being held hostage on a ghost ship in the Mediterranean. Jill and Chris then unravel a political conspiracy involving an earlier mutagenic outbreak and a botched investigation by a rival agency.

Resident Evil 5 takes place in 2009 in the fictional African town of Kijuju, where terrorists are turning local residents into zombies. Chris is the protagonist of the game and one of the founding members of the UN paramilitary group Bio-terrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA). In the game, he investigates in Africa, while looking for Jill, who is missing and declared dead. In fact, she was injured by the fall and taken hostage by Wesker, who then used her as a test subject in his biological experiments. Accompanying him is his new partner, Sheva Alomar. Eventually, Chris and Sheva manage to find and free Jill and ultimately defeat and destroy Wesker, who was planning to spread the Uroboros virus across the world.

Resident Evil 6 (2012) sees Chris return as one of the four protagonists alongside Leon, Ada Wong, and Jake Muller, the illegitimate son of Albert Wesker. In the game, Chris leads a squad of BSAA soldiers to investigate a bio-terror attack in Europe. Ambushed by Carla Radames, posing as Ada, they suffer severe casualties. Only Chris and Piers Nivans survive the assault, with the rest of his team being turned into monsters by Carla. Chris is overwhelmed with guilt and resigns from the BSAA., but Piers later convinces Chris to return to avenge their fallen comrades. They travel to China to investigate bio-terror activity and find themselves in another C-virus outbreak. While attempting to rescue Jake, who possesses the antibodies needed to stop the outbreak, Chris and Piers encounter Haos, a powerful BOW. Piers is grievously injured during the battle and injects himself with the C-virus to gain superhuman powers. He saves Chris, but sacrifices himself to ensure Haos is destroyed. Chris continues to serve the BSAA in Piers' memory.

At the end of Resident Evil 7: Biohazard (2017), a man identifying himself as "Redfield" arrives to rescue Ethan Winters. While the credits refer to the character as Chris Redfield, the helicopter he arrives in is branded with the Umbrella Corporation logo, which is now blue instead of red, initially causing people to question the person's identity. Capcom later confirmed this character to be Chris, in spite of the noticeable change in his appearance due to a different actor portraying him. Additionally, this new iteration of Umbrella opposes its predecessor's B.O.W. research and instead works closely with the BSAA. Chris appeared in the downloadable content campaign Not a Hero, which was released on December 12, 2017. This subchapter focuses on Chris attempting to apprehend Lucas Baker, and although he fails to save his men, he confronts and kills Lucas. He also appears at the conclusion of the End of Zoe downloadable content.

Chris returned for the eighth main installment in the series, titled Resident Evil Village (2021). During the three-year gap between Resident Evil 7 and Village, Chris has been running an off-the-books covert operation investigating an unidentified village suspected to have biohazards in Transylvania, Romania, managed by Mother Miranda. During the events of Village, Chris and his Hound Wolf squad learn that Miranda was capable of shape-shifting and posed as Mia, and they promptly shoot her in order to protect Ethan and Mia, only for his efforts to be foiled in the process. After revealing the nature of his mission to Ethan, Chris saves the real Mia, learns Miranda's connection to the late Oswell E. Spencer (who was killed by Wesker in Resident Evil 5: Lost in Nightmares), and helps plant a bomb on a megamycete in order to destroy the village. During extraction, a dying Ethan gives a recently rescued Rosemary to Chris before sacrificing himself to ensure the village's destruction. With Mia and Rosemary rescued, Chris and his team head to BSAA's European headquarters to demand explanations over their use of BOWs as frontline soldiers.

Other appearances
Chris features in the non-canonical Resident Evil live-action film series. In the rejected Resident Evil film script written by George A. Romero in 1998, Chris is a Native American civilian and ultimately one of the few survivors. In 2000, Capcom fired Romero and replaced him with Paul W. S. Anderson, who wrote a new script. Chris appears in the 2010 live-action film Resident Evil: Afterlife, portrayed by Wentworth Miller. In the film, Chris is found trapped in a maximum security cell after his unit's attempt to control the T-virus in Los Angeles goes haywire; the survivors who find him believe him to be a prisoner. He is reunited with his sister Claire, who cannot remember him because of memory damage caused by an Umbrella mind control device. He, Alice, and Claire eventually defeat Wesker and rescue imprisoned survivors being used for Umbrella's experiments. Miller said he prepared for the role by searching for images and videos of Chris on the Internet, as well as doing cardio for endurance. He appears in the reboot film Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City (2021).

Chris also appears in the adult animated Resident Evil films. He was one of the main characters in Resident Evil: Vendetta (2017), alongside Leon and Rebecca. Unlike the live-action films, the animated films are in the same continuity as the games. He returned in the sequel, Resident Evil: Death Island (2023).

Chris is a playable character in several non-canonical Resident Evil games. He features in the Resident Evil mobile game Resident Evil: Mercenaries Vs. (2011). He appears in three games in the Marvel vs. Capcom franchise and the crossover tactical role-playing games Project X Zone and Project X Zone 2. He also made a cameo appearance in the Nintendo crossover video game Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (2018), Dead by Daylight (2016) as an alternate skin, Fortnite Battle Royale (2017), Tom Clancy's The Division 2 (2019), State of Survival (2019), digital collectible card game Teppen (2019), Astro's Playroom (2020), and Dying Light 2 (2022) as an easter egg.

Chris features in novelizations of the films and games. Additionally, he makes an appearance in the prequel manga for Resident Evil 6, which describes Chris' activities prior to the events. Several comic books based on the games were released, and he is a character in Bandai's Resident Evil Deck Building Card Game (2011). The character was featured in a Resident Evil-themed attraction at Universal Studios Japan's Halloween Horror Nights. Merchandise featuring Chris includes outfits, perfumes, gun replicas, watches, and figurines.

Reception
Chris Redfield has received mostly negative reviews from critics. Several game publications have noted the character's lack of consistent visual design for his appearances throughout the Resident Evil franchise. Polygon's Cass Marshall noted his variations in body mass throughout the games by repeatedly changing from lean to muscular and back again, while Ian Walker from Kotaku compared his appearances in Resident Evil 7 and Resident Evil Village as "transition[ing] from global bio-terrorism agent to [...] someone's henchman in a British crime comedy written and directed by Guy Ritchie." According to PC Gamer's Andy Kelly, Chris is "finally a person". He claimed that in Village, it has "a very different Chris than we've ever seen before. For the first time, he feels like a human." Several Kotaku employees have also referred to Chris as the worst of the Resident Evil heroes, calling him "bland" and "boring" and critiquing the majority of his redesigns. Ravi Sinha of GamingBolt considered the character's design in Resident Evil 7 among the worst in video games, noting that "the overly buff, borderline steroid-abusing macho man" was replaced by a "normal looking guy". On the other hand, while Matt Cundy of GamesRadar+ compared his Code Veronica and Resident Evil 5 designs while trying to evaluate which would fit better for a zombie apocalypse, they found the latter provided a better chance to survive a zombie attack. It also judged Chris from the original game as "horribly ill-prepared". GameSpy called his new design in Resident Evil 5 "a cross between Colin Farrell and Hugh Jackman" in particular, and it became a source of controversy and was often ridiculed. Jesse Schedeen of IGN described him as one of the most overrated video game characters, with the suggestion that he should "ditch the 'roids and concentrate on getting the job done", while Alexander Sliwinski of Engadget commented that during The Umbrella Chronicles, Chris possibly started his "steroid abuse". Conversely, Chris has been named by IGN and fans as one of the popular Resident Evil characters. His professional relationship with Jill was celebrated for its basis in loyalty rather than romance and its balance in their personalities: Chris's brawn and Jill's intellect.

Near the climax of Resident Evil 5, Chris and Sheva engage in a final confrontation against a heavily mutated Wesker inside a volcano, but the duo become separated. In order for them to reunite, the player controlling Chris must engage in a button-mashing sequence where Chris pushes and punches a large boulder until it falls into the lava. The scene became recognized as one of the most memorable within the Resident Evil series, largely due to its ridiculousness. It became the subject of Internet memes, with fans using it to demonstrate Chris' masculinity. Wes Fenlon of PC Gamer said that Chris punching a boulder inside an active volcano "gave us what is truly one of the greatest moments in the history of videogames" and "as a quicktime event. It is perfect." In Resident Evil Village, during the boss fight with Karl Heisenberg, Karl calls Chris a "boulder-punching asshole," a reference to the aforementioned scene in Resident Evil 5.

Chris has also been recognized often for his sex appeal since his appearance in Resident Evil 5. Some critics have described him as one of the sexiest video game characters. Sikh media and video game critic Veerender Singh Jubbal stated in a Kotaku interview that Chris, as he appears in Resident Evil 5, "allowed [him] to understand [his] bisexuality" better; Jubbal noted that Chris' "design was so different than previous iterations, and that large muscle-bound hunk was something I was attracted to". Natalie Romano of GameZone included Chris in their top "gaming gods" for his new look, describing him as "one gorgeous hunk" with "a killer body and dreamy good-looks". Ed Nightingale of PinkNews, an online newspaper marketed to the LGBT community, described Chris as "burly" and having arms "to thirst over". Eurogamer's Matt Wales, in reviewing Resident Evil Revelations, described Chris as the "supreme beefcake". Trace Thurman of Bloody Disgusting found Chris' sailor outfit to be one of the "silliest" in the franchise, while recognizing that "never before has Chris looked sexier", further highlighting his shirtless warrior outfit from Resident Evil 5. Conversely, Matt Liebl of GameZone said that seeing Chris' "skimpy" sailor outfit in Resident Evil: Revelations is "weird to see".

title: Chris Redfield


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Category talk:Pediatrics

Category:Paediatrics
Most of the articles in this category were originally in Category:Paediatrics but on December 28, 2004, that category was listed for renaming to this category. The consensus was to rename. The discussion from Categories for deletion follows. RedWolf 06:02, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)

Main article is at pediatrics. There's currently a soft-redirect from Category:Pediatrics. A spelling convention should be chosen. As writing the article was likely a bigger task than creating the category, I vote that we conform to the article naming, and move Paediatrics to Pediatrics, leaving a soft-redirect in place, as it is now, but on the opposite article. — grendel|khan 03:10, 2004 Dec 28 (UTC)
 * Keep, Wikipedia accepts both International and American spelling. - SimonP 20:04, Dec 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * Rename to align with article name. --ssd 15:31, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep and rename article. The two should have the same name, but redirects work far better on articles than on categories. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 13:27, 1 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree in that I think the article name and the category name should be aligned. However, I' m not as certain which way it should go, and on reflection, the soft redirect needs to be kept and/or recreated either way. --ssd 05:21, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * We could just rename everything pædiatrics. (note: æ is actually English, if disused) 132.205.15.43 02:24, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Not so much disused as rare (sadly - words like amœba and encyclopædia just look wrong without the ligature!). But I think that'd just add a further complication. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 13:33, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename to align with article name. Neutralitytalk 05:42, Jan 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename. Etz Haim 06:11, 18 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Proteus (Talk) 10:28, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If I see something starting with 'ped-', I always think it's going to be about feet.  Noisy | Talk 10:41, Jan 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Pediatrics looks like a childish ;-) spelling to me. How come everything has already! been moved out of Category:Paediatrics? Jooler 12:29, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC)

The category seems to have been emptied by January 19, which was beyond the 7 day period and at that point, Rename seems to have garnered sufficient support (barely perhaps). The 3 Keeps were submitted well after the standard voting period. RedWolf 00:44, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category talk:Pediatrics


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Talk:Coupe roadster

I've moved this article from Coupe Roadster for two reasons: --Milkmandan 06:03, 2005 Feb 3 (UTC)
 * 1) Coupe roadster follows the Wikipedia naming convention, and
 * 2) A discussion here indicates that the name isn't specific to Benz.  It thus should fall into the same naming category as the coupe convertible.

 * Good idea. I think that at the time of writing on GoFlyi's talk page, I intended to move it. I can't remember why I didn't do it though. SamH|Talk 09:40, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Merging roadster et al
Please see Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Automobiles for a centralised discussion around merging all the roadster-related articles.  Zun aid  ©  ®  19:59, 11 August 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Coupe roadster


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Atsugewi language

Atsugewi is a recently extinct Palaihnihan language of northeastern California spoken by the Atsugewi people of Hat Creek and Dixie Valley. In 1962, there were four fluent speakers out of an ethnic group of 200, all elderly; the last of them died in 1988. The last fluent native speaker was Medie Webster; as of 1988, other tribal members knew some expressions in the language. For a summary of the documentation of Atsugewi see Golla (2011: 98–99).

Atsugewi is related to Achumawi. They have long been considered as part of the hypothetical Hokan stock, and it has been supposed that within that stock they comprise the Palaihnihan family.

The name properly is Atsugé, to which the -wi of the Achumawi or Pit River language was erroneously suffixed.

History
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially. Alfred L. Kroeber estimated the combined 1770 population of the Achumawi and Atsugewi as 3,000. A more detailed analysis by Fred B. Kniffen arrived at the same figure. T. R. Garth (1978:237) estimated the Atsugewi population at a maximum of 850.

Kroeber estimated the combined population of the Achumawi and Atsugewi in 1910 as 1,100. The population was given as about 500 in 1936.

Consonants
Atsugewi has 32 consonants. Most of these form pairs of plain and glottalized. Plosives and affricates also have a third, aspirated member of the series (except for the single glottal stop).

Vowels
Atsugewi language has basically only three vowels: /a/, /u/, and /i/; [e] is the allophone of /i/ while [o] is the allophone of /u/. However, it has been supported by Leonard Talmy (1972) that there are instances such as the word ce "the eye(s)" where e can be analyzed as a proper phoneme.

title: Atsugewi language


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Tsagaannuur, Khövsgöl

Tsagaannuur (Цагааннуур, white lake) is a sum of Khövsgöl aimag. The area is 5,410 km2. In 2000, Tsagaannuur had a population of 1,317 people, of which most identified themselves as Darkhad. There were 269 inhabitants who identified themselves as Tsaatan ethnicity. The sum center, officially named Gurvansaikhan (Гурвансайхан), is located at the shore of Dood Tsagaan nuur, 279 km north-north-east of Mörön and 1048 km from Ulaanbaatar.

History
The Tsagaannuur sum was split off from Renchinlkhümbe, Khövsgöl in 1985.

Economy
In 2004, there were about 8,000 heads of livestock, among them 2,400 goats, 2,100 sheep, 2,300 cattle and yaks, 1,100 horses, 6 camels, and 632 reindeer. Tsagaannuur houses the only commercial fishing enterprise in Mongolia.

According to the statistics provided by the Tsagaan Nuur Sum government on November 13, 2014, in a general assembly with residents of the sum's Xarmai district, the total amount of domestic reindeer in both nearby West Taiga and in East Taiga is 1511.

Notable places
This sum covers the north-western part of the Darkhad valley, a basin that is considered remote even by Mongolian standards. Both Tsaatan and Darkhad practice shamanism.

Literature
M. Nyamaa, Khövsgöl aimgiin lavlakh toli, Ulaanbaatar 2001, p. 193f

title: Tsagaannuur, Khövsgöl


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Vinh

Vinh is the biggest city and economic and cultural center of North-Central Vietnam. Vinh is the capital of Nghệ An Province, and is a key point in the East–West economic corridor linking Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. The city is situated in the Southeast of the province, alongside the Lam River (Song Lam) and is located on the main north–south transportation route of Vietnam, easily accessible by highway, railroad, boat and air. The recently expanded Vinh International Airport is served daily by four carriers: Vietnam Airlines, VietJet Air, Bamboo Airways and Jetstar Pacific. On September 5, 2008, it was upgraded from Grade-II city to Grade-I city, the fifth Grade-I city of Vietnam after Haiphong, Đà Nẵng and Huế. Vinh is the most populous city in the North Central Coastal region, with over 490,000 residents (2015 estimate). The city is bordered by Nghi Loc district to the north and east, Hung Nguyen district to the west, and Nghi Xuan district in Hà Tĩnh Province to the south. Vinh is about 300 km south of Hanoi and 1,400 km north of Ho Chi Minh City. The total area of Vinh city is 104.97 km2, and includes 16 urban wards and 9 suburban communes.

History
Vinh was originally known as Ke Van. Later, this successively became Ke Vinh, Vinh Giang, Vinh Doanh, and then Vinh Thi. Eventually, in 1789, the official name became simply Vinh, probably under European influence. The name has remained the same ever since. At various times, Vinh has been of considerable military and political significance. The Vietnamese nation began in the north, and only gradually expanded to cover its current territories – as such, Vinh was sometimes seen as a "gateway to the south".

The Tây Sơn dynasty (1788–1802) is believed to have considered Vinh as a possible capital of Vietnam, but the short duration of the dynasty meant that any plans did not come to fruition. Tây Sơn interest in the city did, however, result in considerable construction and development there. Under French rule of Vietnam, Vinh was further developed as an industrial center, and became well known for its factories.

Historically, Vinh and its surrounding areas have often been important centers of rebellion and revolutionary activity. In the 19th century and the early 20th century, the city was the center of several prominent uprisings against the French. In addition, a number of notable revolutionary figures were born in or near the city of Vinh, including Nguyễn Du, Phan Bội Châu, Trần Trọng Kim, Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai, and Hồ Chí Minh.

The city of Vinh was once the site of a number of significant historic sites, particularly an ancient citadel. Over the years, however, Vinh has been extensively damaged in a number of wars. In the first Indochina war during 1950s, fighting between the French colonial powers and the Việt Minh resistance forces destroyed much of the city, and further damage was done by United States bombing in the Vietnam War. As such, little of the original city remains today. The reconstruction of Vinh borrowed heavily on Soviet and East German ideas about town planning, and was conducted with considerable East German assistance – the city is noted for its wide streets and its rows of concrete apartment blocks.

Climate
Vinh has a tropical monsoon climate bordering closely on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Am/Cwa) of the Central Coast.

Economy
The service sector comprises the largest part of Vinh's economy, with around 55% of the working population being employed in this area. This is followed by the industrial sector (around 30%) and the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors (around 15%). Vinh is an important transportation hub, having a key position on the route between the northern and southern parts of the country, and is also a notable port.

Tourism
Vinh and Nghe An province are rapidly growing tourist destinations on the north central coast of Vietnam, and are home to various attractions. The city features several unique sites including Song Lam (Light Blue River), Ho Chi Minh Square, Phuong Hoang Trung Do (Phoenix Capital with Quang Trung King Temple), Dung Quyet Mountain with picturesque and breathtaking scenery of the Lam River, Hong Linh Mountain Rank and East Vietnam Sea. President Ho Chi Minh's hometown, Kim Lien, is 10 km west of Vinh in Nam Dan district. Cửa Lò beach is 15 km east of the center of the city.

Tourists can visit Hon Ngu island, the island is 4 km offshore. It consists of 2 islands: the larger stands at 133 m above sea level and the smaller at 88 m. Pù Mát National Park, one of the largest and most well-preserved national parks in Vietnam, is located 120 km west of Vinh. A local tour company offers guided tours of Pu Mat in English or Vietnamese, with the chance to explore Khe Kem Waterfall, Giang River boat trip, Pha Lai Dam, and “Sang Le” Forest.

Nguyễn Du' homeland is 5 km south of Vinh. He was a famous poem in the world with The Tale of Kieu.
 * Quyet Mountain is 5 km southeast from centre. Which is an ecological tourist area and bold cultural-historical-Nghe An. Quyet Mountain Park was built on the basis of preserving a cultural heritage-historical over 200 years. It was Phuong Hoang Trung Do (Phoenix Centre Capital) of Quang Trung King.
 * Mường Thanh Safari Land, Mường Thanh Water Park are located in Dien Lam, Dien Chau about 60 km north from Vinh city centre. There are many wild animals from every part of the world, such as rhinos, giraffes, white tigers, yellow tigers, bears, elephants, hippos, zebras, hyenas and jaguars.
 * Bai Lu Resort is located in Nghi Loc about 20 km northeast from Vinh centre. Tourists can enjoy views beach by climbing to the top of Heaven Gate mountain. It can be said "Da Lat on the sea".
 * Sunflower field in Nghia Dan, about 100 km northwest from Vinh city, which is 80 ha wide. Those flowers are in full bloom from late March to mid-April and mid-December yearly.
 * Huong Tich pagoda (Ha Tinh), about 20 km south from Vinh city. The pagoda was built during the Tran kings attached to the Princess Dieu Thien. It was dubbed "First Hoan Chau spots" not only because this place is a unique landscape, but also because of the ancient sediments were handed thousands of years. Tourists can travel there by bus, boat trips on Nha Duong Lake, take the cable car up the mountain.
 * Vinpearl Cua Hoi is 10 km east of Vinh City. With an area of 38.7 ha, this is a world-class five-star resort with pristine beaches, large artificial pool, water park and other class services.
 * Pu Mat National Park is located 115 km northwest of Vinh by the border of Laos. Home to a diverse wildlife including tigers and elephants it has become a popular destination for trekkers. Tours to Pu Mat National Park can be booked departing from Vinh.

Notable sites

Other notable tourist attractions are the Hong Son Temple and Quyet Mountain. Hong Son Temple is one of the few large temples to escape the closures implemented by the Communist authorities after the war, and is the site of an important festival on the 20th day of the eighth lunar month. Quyet Mountain, on the edge of Vinh, is used as a peaceful retreat from the city, with visitors climbing four hundred steps to the summit. From the summit, the whole of Vinh may be seen, along with the river and farmland surrounding it. The mountain is covered with pine trees, although the forest is still not completely recovered from its destruction by bombing during the war. Other places of interest include the Nghệ Tĩnh Soviet Museum (commemorating the major Nghệ An uprising against the French in the 1930s) and the Cửa Lò beach resort (a popular destination for citizens of Hanoi).

Entertainment

 * Recreation center VRC on Phan Boi Chau street, near Vinh Station. It has a lot of exciting games such as bowling, pool, 4 seasons, racing, fitness, beauty, Lotte Cinema Center ...
 * City Hub (1st Le Hong Phong): Complex of entertainment center, Galaxy Cinema, food...
 * Film Center North Central of Viet Nam on Quang Trung Street.
 * Parks: Centre, Cua Nam, Cua Bac, Nguyen Tat Thanh, Cua Nam lake

Museums
Characteristics: Museum displaying relics and documents during the Xo Viet Nghe Tinh highs 1930–1931. This is a unique cultural works preserve over 5,000 original artefacts and documents express the spirit of the unyielding revolution of Nghe Tinh people in the Soviet highs 1930–1931. The museum was built in 1960 on a beautiful campus. The museum attracts a large number of domestic and foreign visitors. In front of the Museum, there is a vestiges where President Ho Chi Minh talked with officials and people of Nghe An when he visited the country in 1957 and the Vinh City Stadium. Behind the museum is a deep ditch surrounded. On the right is Ta Gate, on the left door of the ancient Vinh. This is the place where the original artefacts and the original image of the local movement and collections such as the drums used in the struggle, the collection of publications, the weapons collection, the collection of children The collection and artefacts of the Party cadres ... and a list of systems of 49 vestiges of the Soviet Union in Nghe An province are classified by the Ministry of Culture and Information as national historical monuments. The museum has displayed in detail the formation and development of Nghe An inhabitants during the period of history from the ancient Vietnamese who left traces at Tham Tham, Quy Chau district, thousand years, to residents of the culture of Son Vi and Hoa Binh (from 200 thousand years to 9 thousand years ago) and continuously to this day. The history of Nghe An has been richly presented.
 * Soviet Nghe Tinh Museum (No 10 Dao Tan street):
 * Nghe An General Museum (No 4 Dao Tan street): General Museum introduces the whole country, people, history, culture and continuous activities and typical people of Nghe An from ancient to present. The museum has many artefacts unearthed in Nghe An: archaeological sites of Village Vac, cultural sites of Quynh Van.
 * Museum of Military Region 4

Education
Vinh city is the third largest education & training center of the Central - Central Highlands region after Da Nang city and Thua Thien Hue province. Currently, in the city, there are 6 universities, 13 colleges and many branches, along with many professional high schools, vocational training centers and hundreds of schools from high school to preschool. University: 1. Vinh University (1959) - Vietnam's key national university 2. Vinh University - campus 2 3. Vinh University of Technical Education (2006) 4. Van Xuan University of Technology (2008) 5. Vinh Medical University (2010) 6. Vinh Industrial University (2013) 7. Nghe An University of Economics (2014) 8. Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Nghe An Campus (2008) 9. University of Electricity, Central campus.
 * Vinh University
 * Vinh Medical University
 * Vinh University of Technical Education

Total number of students from universities, colleges and intermediate schools: nearly 100,000 people (in 2011).

In the near future, in Vinh city, there will be more regional universities established and upgraded such as: Nghe An University Vinh University of Culture, Arts and Tourism Vietnam - Korea University of Industrial Technology Vietnam Academy of Auditing Vinh University of Economics and Technology Branch 2 - Hanoi University of Civil Engineering,...

Food
There are some unique dishes originating in Vinh and the surrounding areas in Nghe An and Ha Tinh, including cháo lươn (spicy eel soup), bánh mướt (steamed rice rolls), kẹo Cu Đơ (peanut rice paper candy), Vinh orange.

Architecture
Many houses in Vinh have a unique style, heavily influenced by the climate of the region. Many houses have a dome, and a taijitu sign.

Airport
Vinh International Airport, located at 5 km North from the city center, is the fifth busiest airport in Vietnam. The airport has domestic connections to Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Đà Nẵng, Buôn Ma Thuột, Đà Lạt, Nha Trang and Pleiku.

Road

 * National Route 1A to Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
 * National Route 7 to Luang Prabang
 * National Route 8 to Vientiane
 * National Route 46 to Vientiane

Seaway

 * Cửa Lò seaport is 15 km from Vinh centre with a capacity 3 million ton per year, Cửa Lò deep seaport is under construction to accommodate vessels of 50,000 DWT- 100,000 DWT, which is a great potential for maritime transport and import and export activities of Nghe An and for the North Central Region
 * Vissai seaport includes 2 berths: International wharf area and inland wharf area. The international wharf area consists of 3 wharves for ships of 30,000 to 70,000 DWT. The wharf area of 7 berths will receive the fleet of 3000 ÷ 10,000 DWT.

Railway
Vinh Station is a major station along the North–South Railway.

Bus system
There many bus routes in the inner city, neighborhood

Industrial zone

 * VSIP 5 km West of Central with the area 750 hectares
 * WHAIZ 15 to 20 km North of Central with the area 3000 hectares
 * Nam Cam 15 North of Central with the area 327 ha
 * Bac Vinh with the area 143 ha
 * Cua Lo East of Central with the area 40 ha

Public transportation network
In Vinh are three bus stations:

 * Bus station in the North: Located in Nghi Lien commune, 7 km north of center of Vinh
 * Vinh Market bus station (bến xe chợ vinh), through which it is possible to reach Vientiane by bus.
 * Central Bus Station; KM 20 Vinh Road, Block 2, Vinh Tan Ward, Vinh City

title: Vinh


text:
User:DialUp

Hi Dialup, I have looked at the Sikh Pages and I must say you have done an excellent job - Keep it up! If you need to contact me please email me or post on my talp page. Unfortunately, I only check wikipedia about once a month. Hari Singh

title: User:DialUp


text:
Talk:Star Tribune

Isn't it the StarTribune?

 * This might be a bit of pedantic nonsense, but I'm almost sure it's officially the 'StarTribune' (no space). Look at the linked logo.  Just from memory, but I think that the change happened right when they officially dropped the 'and'. -- abg Dec 31, 2005

 * I would have agreed, but taking a look around, there are plenty of Star[space]Tribune references also. This is linked from the front page: http://www.startribunecompany.com/company/ and uses a space in the title of the page and elsewhere.Rufus Sarsaparilla 01:06, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Strib as a nickname

 * I'm a local, and I've never heard anybody call it the strib. --Benna 06:09, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I am also a local, and "strib" is what everyone calls it. "Star and Tribune" is a long name! If it will help, here is a Google search for "Strib". You will see that most of the first page of refrences are to the Star Tribune. Their company owns stribstuff.com and stribmail.com, so even they call it that.
 * MicahMN | Talk 15:11, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I hear "star trib" sometimes, but I can't remember ever hearing strib. Nobody calls it the "Star and Tribune," they call in the Star Tribune.  Whatever, I just don't think its really worth a mention so prominent at the beginning of the article.

 * Huh? I've lived in the Twins for 20 years, and in the Strib's distribution area my whole life - and "Strib" is the primary nickname, far and away.  Furthermore, the local/area media calls it the "Strib" when in doubt.  I can't see any question that Strib should be included. Mitchberg 21:04, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Strib. (SEWilco 21:38, 5 October 2005 (UTC))
 * I should point out, also, that I have two friends working at the Strib. THEY both call it the Strib.  It's downright stribby in its stribness.  Mitchberg 23:35, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Star and Sickle is another possible name, I am told.
 * Sign your comments, harpy. -66.41.27.200 01:45, 7 March 2007 (UTC)

 * dmb- Strib as a formal nickname

 * This is funny, and a good example of mental induction, in that if me and my friends do it, think it, feel it, etc., then so does everybody else...

 * >> I'm a local, and I've never heard anybody call it the strib. --Benna 06:09, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * >> I am also a local, and "strib" is what everyone calls it.

 * everyone? anyway, everyone I know calls tacobell tacohell, and k-mart hellmart, and home depot the home despot, but does that mean it should be in wikipedia as, for example, BurgerKing as "also called BurgerDong"?

 * Also, just cause employees use a nickname, that doesn't make it general fodder either. I worked there, and sure, the intranet was called stribnet, the little internal newletter was stribnews, and employees were stribbers.

 * So, what's my point: oh, just cause people love or hate something doesn't mean it's good journalism, and there is always a crowd that insists on using nicknames for things with perfectly good if not long formal names. the question here is, is it a sidenote or a real part of the meaning of the StarTribune, as far as the wickedped is concerned?

 * if me and my friends do it, think it, feel it, etc., then so does everybody else

 * Well, that's a bit of a strawman. This has nothing to do with my friends/acquaintances and I; it's an observation that "Strib" is a very common nickname, especially among media people in (and out of) the Twin cities.  I suspect that if you polled 1000 Twin Citians about their nicknames for the paper, "Strib" would be the most common nick (although I myself will not pay for the polling to prove it).

 * A better question might be "Is it an appropriate subject for Wikipedia?" Does the encyclopedia reader care about "strib" - a fairly innocuous nickname?  (The "Star and Sickle" is much more interesting, BTW - it refers in part to the roots of the pre-Humphrey MN DFL party as apologists for Stalin in the '30's and '40's, and paper's perceived (whether you believe it or not) support of the DFL over the years).

Mitchberg 16:30, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

NPOV - "liberal" bashing
I deleted the paragraph on the "perceived liberal bias" until someone rewrites it in NPOV, which it was not because:
 * the whole paragraph used a "conservatives think..." addendum as a flimsy excuse to express a biased opinion;
 * the whole paragraph is devoted to purported views of conservatives with no mention of any competing views; and
 * endorsement of any Democrat/DFL candidates is described as "inexplicabl[e]".

64.12.116.202: Pointing out that people call the paper the Red Star is a slur on communism? Please explain how so. I put in a statement of fact -- many people do indeed refer to the paper that way. I don't necessarily agree with it myself, although I think it is kind of funny as a protest. I can think of many reasons why that factoid may not be appropriate for this article, but not because it is a communism slur, whatever that means. Rufus Sarsaparilla 01:13, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

 * If it's a statement of fact, you need to supply an external reference that shows people calling it. It's a slur because no matter what you may think of the paper, saying it is a Communist paper is ridiculous. Anyone who has actually had to live under Communism and had to deal with state-controlled media and the lie-filled, reality-adverse newspapers so published, would be offended to hear the Star Tribune called a communist newspaper. It's an affront to the people who really had to struggle against real communism.

 * Well, let's see. Searching Google for star tribune and "red star" yields over 80,000 hits.  Near the top is an entry at answers.com: http://www.answers.com/topic/minneapolis-star-tribune.  I think there's a difference between calling it the "Red Star" in jest and in calling it a communist newspaper.  That seems to be your interpretation that goes with the particular crusade you're on.  My own interpretation would be that people who call it that are alluding to what they think of as its support for liberal polices that are more in line with socialism and communism (again, in their opinion).  But you seem quite agitated and gee we'd hate to offend your sensibilities, so maybe we'll just let it be. Rufus Sarsaparilla 01:39, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

 * The reference you cite is a false echo, another site that just copies Wikipedia content. (It's a copy of an older version of this article that had even more Star Tribune = Communism nonsense.) People looking into verifying Wikipedia articles often fall for false echoes. But looking at the other google hits, they are real and you are right, there are a lot of "Red Star" uses. They all seem to be from political blogs, where absurd name calling is the lingua franca. Bush is a Nazi, Hillary is a Communist, and so on. Yuck. I'm old enough to know that Nazi and Communist mean something, I guess these Moorites and O'Reillybrains don't. Yuck. I don't care, call the newspaper whatever you want, none of this means a goddam thing anymore. Sense is lost. Happy New Year. Signed, Anon and thankful for it.

Hatchet Job
I'm sorry, but this edit was in incredibly bad form.

For starters, the issues about the Strib's editorial bias, while a matter of conservative opinion, were originally stated using fairly detached language. The NPOV edit was done, I think, from a POV.

Second, the removal of the paragraph left a very awkward transition to the next paragraph, which provides an alternative ("...however...") to a statement that was erased.

Mitchberg 03:30, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I have no dog in this hunt, but the cite for "liberal bias" in the removed material was very lame. It was a long Powerline piece about how the Star Tribune's polls are always wrong.  Well, lots of polls are wrong, so what?  It's more art than science.  Powerline then claims that Republicans won't vote in elections if polls say their candidates might lose.  I doubt that's true, and if it were, it would speak more poorly of Republican voters than of pollsters.  Basic tenets of personal responsibility say that you cast your vote, regardless of who's predicting what.  Otherwise you deserve to have the candidate you don't like elected.

 * In any case, I restored the original text, minus the Powerline bit and minus the hyperbolic comparison of the paper with Communism. I also trimmed down the gay pride claim on the other side.  What I would say is, if you don't like what a paper prints, don't buy it.  Personal responsibility notions solve a lot of problems!

 * Which is why I haven't bought the Strib in years.

Good edits, generally.

Mitchberg 12:43, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

McClatchy sale
I've read a number of articles about the Star-Tribune sale and they all make a big deal about how it was sold for half of what McClatchy paid for it. Even if you read the entirety of this entry, you'll see an inconsistency to that statement. The purchase wasn't of the Star-Tribune, it was of Cowles Media which had, apparently, a number of magazine and holdings, which it sold off keeping only the Star-Tribune. I heard that McClatchy was able to pay off the debt of the original purchase in under two years, I recall reading somewhere. I'm sure part of that was from the sale of the other holdings. Also, the recent sale allowed for a recoup in taxes of about $160 million according to McClatchy's press release which makes the sale really worth about $690 million. To say that McClatchy sold the paper for half of what it bought it for seems somewhat misleading.

http://www.mcclatchy.com/176/story/1820.html

Style section
Could someone re-edit the "Style" section to make it intelligible? I'd do it myself, but I can neither begin to understand what the original writer was getting at, nor understand the run-on sentence. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.48.171.6 (talk) 19:26, 11 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Greetings. Anyone is welcome to edit Wikipedia. "Above the fold" is a term from newspaper design, applied here to Web design. Best I can do for you. Best wishes. -Susanlesch (talk) 20:16, 11 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I added some more, and today the Vikings moved away from the top of the left down to the middle of the center column. No problem, it may have been a slow news week (I really have no way to know as I only check the Star Tribune site sometimes). Hope this helps. -Susanlesch (talk) 20:38, 12 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I don't understand the purpose of the section either. All I see at pages like New York Times are similarly confusing edits you've made to those pages. Why is it relevant what the headline was on any specific day? I don't get it. It seems a "style" section would be better suited to a discussion of the paper's format i.e., broadsheet or whatever, and then maybe a discussion of the sytlistic cues that make the paper distinctive or used to in the past. I don't get the headline business at all. It's also bordering on Original Research in so far as its assembling facts to present an argument. --Beaker342 (talk) 21:05, 12 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Regarding a specific day, that was my interest as a consumer of the paper on the Web (I rarely but sometimes see the paper in print). Of course you are welcome to say so if it doesn't interest you. Glad I checked back here to find your comment. Regarding "the paper's format broadsheet or whatever, and then maybe a discussion of the sytlistic cues that make the paper distinctive or used to in the past" I would say, "Good idea." and "Go for it." Do you happen to know if the Star Tribune uses any type of custom delivery on the Web? For say, advertising or content? I have for example seen custom interfaces elsewhere I believe. -Susanlesch (talk) 21:29, 12 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I still don't understand your reasoning for discussing headlines, besides your "interest as a consumer." I'd suggest we move the discussion over to the talk page for the New York Times, where it would be more likely to get outside opinions. --Beaker342 (talk) 22:33, 12 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry but no deal from my point of view, as I have something else to do at the moment. Glad I check to find your reply here. I await your contributions here though if you have an interest in the Star Tribune. And an answer to any of my questions, because I believe I have answered your questions. Thank you though for your interest. Best wishes. -Susanlesch (talk) 23:33, 12 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Frankly, that isn't how Wikipedia works. You don't get to say "no deal" and end the discussion when two editors have voiced concerns about your additions and haven't been satisfied with the reasoning, or rather the lack thereof, you have provided for them. See Consensus. I remain very confused by your additions and simply don't understand why a discussion of headlines from different days is relevant for the purposes of this article. I'm becoming a little disturbed by your unwillingness to engage in meaningful discussion on this central point. --Beaker342 (talk) 01:45, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Excuse me. I left a note on your talk page some time ago. I do not plan to reply to you again unless necessary. Sorry. -Susanlesch (talk) 02:20, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

On Thursday morning December 13 the top headlines were: The sports styling does not seem to be current. -- SEWilco (talk) 16:29, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Study says fewer lack food, health care
 * Arctic front to bring little snow, but chilling winds
 * Carlton schools close; firefighting effort used too much water
 * Tough break (about accident stopping actor from appearing in "The Sound of Music" theater production)

Format
Hello. The above discussion brought up a good idea. I added a blank "Format" section, expecting some kind of collaboration on this article which for whatever reason did not happen today. Maybe later this will happen, I don't know. But for the moment the "Style and editorial focus" section of this article is incomplete. -Susanlesch (talk) 04:53, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

Dispute
Sometimes when involved in an editing dispute matters can seem heavier than they are. The editors involved in this dispute are all doing the right thing. There is a disagreement about the right approach to editing the article, so the editors have started a dialogue, and have now asked for an independent opinion. The discussions are polite, with no personal attacks, and there are no edit wars taking place. So, first off, congratulations to everyone for doing the right thing - nobody need feel they have done anything wrong.

Having a section which discusses the editorial approach and the distinctive layout of a newspaper seems to me to be wholly appropriate for an encyclopedia article on an individual newspaper. Indeed, such topics are taught in English classes and at journalism schools. Having looked at a few other newspaper articles on Wiki, I note that there are sections which deal with this aspect of the newspaper - stance and format in The Guardian, image and format in The Times, editorial stance in The Daily Mail, etc. The names of the sections differ slightly, and approaches also differ - though the intention appears to be the same.  SilkTork  * SilkyTalk 10:09, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

People have raised concerns about the contents of the Style section in this article. It would be appropriate for people to offer a solution, either here on the talk page, or in an edit on the article itself.  SilkTork  * SilkyTalk 10:53, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd have to respectifully disagree that I or anyone else concerned about the section is obligated to offer a better alternative for the simple reason that I'm in no way qualified to write such a section. I know absolutely nothing about the stylistic practices of newspapers. I don't think that disqualifies me, however from coming to the sensible conclusion, as the anon above did, that the section doesn't make any sense as it exists right now. I don't need to be a historian to know that it wouldn't make much sense to add a random newspaper headline from 1942 to the article on World War II without any discussion of that headline's broader relevance or its relevance to historians. As I read the section in its current form, about the only thing I get from it is that for a week in December 2007 the paper favored sports coverage, and this coverage increased as the relevant team improved. In and of itself this would seem rather inconsequential. But to my eye, it also seems to be Original Research in that it assumes that the dates selected were in any way representative of the paper's general coverage. It also seems to be POV pushing (the paper favors sports coverage to other types of coverage). But really my problem is less with the content than with the editor's unwillingness to offer up any rationale for including the content and aggressive refusals to engage in discussion with her coeditors. Like User:Susanlesch I am busy in my personal life. A such I don't think that this needs to be resolved right this second or even in six hours. I'm more than happy to discuss things slowly. I do think it needs to be talked about, and I don't think being busy of itself absolves any of us of our duty here at Wikipedia to come to consensus, however long that takes.--Beaker342 (talk) 16:03, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I think you may have misunderstood my communication. This is not unusual, and is no reflection on you at all. If I may attempt to make my comment clearer: You, and other editors, are encouraged to edit the section in question, or to make comments on the section. You are also encouraged to enter into a discussion as to the relevance of a section within an article on a newspaper which discusses the editorial stance and format of that newspaper. But you are not obligated to do anything (other than be civil), and I apologise if my post gave that impression. Also, you have no need to feel that you have a duty to work on this or any other article on Wikipedia. Wiki editing is something that people do voluntarily.
 * What has happened here is that Susanlesc added a section to the article on Dec 9th which she titled Style. She then worked on shaping this section. She worked alone on this. On 11th Dec an IP account made a comment on the talkpage requesting that the section be made clearer. The next day you entered into a conversation with Susanlesc, also saying you found the section hard to follow. Susanlesc made an attempt to explain her thinking. You suggested moving the discussion elsewhere. She said she had felt she had explained what she could, that she wasn't interested in pursuing the conversation elsewhere and invited you to make a contribution to the article. Your next comment is that your understanding of Wikipedia is that if you are not happy with someone's contributions to an article that the person must explain the contribution to your satisfaction. (This, incidentally, is not the case.) And you then requested an independent view - myself - of the dispute. (Which was an appropriate move.)
 * I looked at the matter and felt that adding such a section to the article was appropriate, and was moving the article forward. However, like yourself, I found the content of the section wanting, and felt it appropriate that the section be edited. My comment was intended to encourage you or anyone else to edit the section, or to suggest ways of improving the section. I can see my wording was rather limp. I was at work and suddenly called upon to perform an urgent task so quickly finished writing. My apologies.
 * Anyway. Let's move forward on this and look to do the positive thing rather than the negative. Removing the section would be a backward step. Improving the section is the best way forward. And possibly out of this, entering into a discussion with WikiProject Journalism regarding an Article Structure Guideline in which advice is given on how best to present a section on Editorial Stance and Format.
 * My suggestion is that people interested in improving this article do some research on the editorial stance of the Star Tribune - take a look here, here, here, etc.
 * My final comment would be that I think Susanlesc has made it clear she doesn't want to be questioned any further on this topic.  SilkTork  * SilkyTalk 22:49, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your intervention. Please elaborate a little, for my own edification and perhaps for others as well, as to why editors are not required to defend their edits on talk pages, or at least can't be upset if they refuse to discuss their edits and others revert them. I base this on my reading of WP:Consensus and experiences at other articles, and so I am eager to hear about how I have been operating under mistaken understandings of policy. To be clear, I'm not under the impression that my opinions carry special weight and that all edits have to be signed off by me. I don't own the article any more than any other editor. But I was under the impression that consensus demands that those active on the article, which at the time happened only to be myself and Susan, do have to come to consensus, or at least comething vaguely resembling consensus. --Beaker342 (talk) 22:58, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Certainly. Wikipedia is a collaborative project in which anyone is welcome to contribute voluntarily. The intention has long been that there should be no rules - the belief being that common sense would prevail. However, in order to ensure the smooth running of the project, and to help assist users to have as problem free and pleasant an experience as possible while editing the project (thus encouraging them to continue editing) certain guidelines to behaviour and editing have been drawn up. These are, however, mostly guidelines rather than rules. There are some policies for important matters, and these are worth looking at: List of policies. Policies are what we are encouraged to follow. The important ones for this discussion are: Editing policy (which is summed up as "Improve pages wherever you can, and do not worry about leaving them imperfect."), and Civility (which is summed up "Participate in a respectful and civil way. Do not ignore the positions and conclusions of others. Try to discourage others from being uncivil, and be careful to avoid offending people unintentionally."). Which, to put it simply, means - don't hassle someone because you don't understand their edit. Try to improve the article. Try to engage in discussion. All these things are encouraged. But don't pursue someone to distraction when they have told you to leave them alone, especially when that person is not well. You have not been aware of it, so no real foul, and I should have made it more explicit, but your behaviour is bordering on harassment and as such is against Wiki policy. I think it is time I made it very clear: Please stop bothering Susanlesch. Your attention is unwanted and is clearly causing her some distress.  SilkTork  * SilkyTalk 08:44, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Hello, Beaker342, sorry to see continuing pressure coming from you. Apologies but I am out of time for this and cannot agree to "slowly" and I cannot reply to you, as explained on your talk page, on SilkTork's talk page's talk page, and here on Talk:Star Tribune. I am 1) not feeling well physically, and 2) have no dispute with you or with anyone else on Wikipedia, or for that matter Wikimedia at this time. Please leave me alone. Is there something about physical illness that bothers you? It is in my case simply out of my control. Where do you live, may I ask? -Susanlesch (talk) 16:31, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I take great offense at your repeated insinuations that I am either bothering you or refusing to leave you alone and that I am somehow taking great personal pleasure in doing so. This is not in any way personal and I hope you will apologize for implying that it is. --Beaker342 (talk) 16:34, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh dear. Pardon me. I believe I already said sorry to you multiple times. No? Can you see that above? May I ask who you are? -Susanlesch (talk) 16:39, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I found your comment above "Is there something about physical illness that bothers you?" tremendously offensive. It implied that I am disputing your edits out of spite and that I take pleasure in doing so because you are ill.--Beaker342 (talk) 16:45, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh, I see. Beaker342, I am not feeling well. Sorry for any confusion. -Susanlesch (talk) 16:47, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

Removed style section and images
Hello. I am not sure I will ever recover from the above. I have removed the Style section entirely and the photos (one of which I added and was working on). What a terrible day for me. I may have to quit Wikipedia. -Susanlesch (talk) 16:25, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks SEWilco for restoring the images. I loved that photo of John Cowles. And Bobak's overhead view is almost unrepeatable. -Susanlesch (talk) 16:41, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * By the way, did you or anyone notice Cowles is the person Wendell Willkie is smiling at in his article? The image page explains this. -Susanlesch (talk) 16:44, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * No; I looked at the image page but didn't chase link to the source because the Cowles image looks so much like a candid lone portrait. And I have access to two locations from which I think I could duplicate the Bobak STrib image, but it looks fine (certainly better than the aerial photos taken from the parking lot side of the building).  -- SEWilco (talk) 17:50, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

 * It seems to me that a "style" section would be appropriate, perhaps talking about color, font, size, and content - and how those things have changed over the years. I don't have a source related to this, but it seems like an interesting aspect of the paper.--Appraiser (talk) 18:34, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Cool. Be careful to not say monkey though (Vikings -- yeah as I recall another maid temporary showed me their suite at the Radisson South and no they were not rich and Fran Tarkenton is shorter than me). But yes fonts are fascinating. -Susanlesch (talk) 03:39, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:St. Paul Pioneer Press front page.jpg
Image:St. Paul Pioneer Press front page.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 04:38, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Herschel V. Jones Bio -- Beginning of list of links
I am working on a bio of Herschel V. Jones for wikipedia. It will be my first wiki-contribution. The bio is currently a work in progress at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:JHBDC/Subpage

Jones bought the Minneapolis Journal in 1908 for $1,200,000. He was also a director of the Associated Press and one of a group of American newspaper editors who toured the European battlefields as guests of the British government after World War One.

He is best known as a book collector, and in particular for his collection of Americana -- 400 years worth of first-editions related to the history of the United States.

He was also an early trustee and benefactor of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts. He also gave a collection of prints to MIA.

I have some original biographical sources of information on him, but I am looking for more. Connection to MIA: http://www.artsmia.org/press/view.cfm?PR_ID=120

JHBDC (talk) 20:09, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Star Tribune


text:
Eymard Corbin

Eymard Georges Corbin (born August 2, 1934 in Grand Falls, New Brunswick) is a Canadian retired Senator.

Corbin, a teacher and journalist by profession, was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1968 election as the Liberal Member of Parliament for Madawaska—Victoria in New Brunswick.

He served as a parliamentary secretary in the early 1970s, Minister of Fisheries and Forestry from October 1, 1970 to June 10, 1971, and Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada in 1984.

In July 1984, he was one of three appointees to the Senate of Canada made by Prime Minister John Turner as part of a controversial agreement with his predecessor, Pierre Trudeau. Turner had agreed to make several patronage appointments on Trudeau's behalf in order to prevent Trudeau from creating enough vacancies in the House of Commons to leave Turner with a minority government.

Turner was famously blasted for the arrangement by Progressive Conservative leader Brian Mulroney during a nationally televised leaders' debate during the 1984 election. The exchange between Mulroney and Turner in which Turner claimed he "had no option" was a turning point in the campaign, and contributed to the defeat of Turner's government in the election.

Corbin was the last remaining Turner appointee in the Senate when he retired on August 2, 2009.

title: Eymard Corbin


text:
Juma

Juma may refer to:
 * Juma (Musical Artist) Born 1999 in New York
 * Juma (name), including a list of people with the name
 * Juma (actor) (born Jumas Omar, 1943-1989)
 * Juma (jaguar), a jaguar that was featured then killed during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil
 * Juma, Mozambique, a village in Cabo Delgado Province
 * Juma, Uzbekistan
 * Juma people, indigenous to Brazil
 * Juma language
 * Juma River (Brazil), Amazonas State
 * Juma River (China)

title: Juma


text:
Miwa Matsumoto

Miwa Matsumoto (松本 美和) is a Japanese voice actress.

Television

 * Digimon Adventure – Patamon
 * Digimon Adventure 02 – Patamon
 * Digimon Tamers – Mako
 * Digimon Frontier – Kokuwamon
 * Cardcaptor Sakura – Chiharu Mihara
 * Cardcaptor Sakura: Clear Card – Chiharu Mihara
 * Fruits Basket (2001) – Rika Aida (ep22)
 * Wedding Peach – Jama-P
 * Nurse Angel Ririka SOS – Rumi

Film

 * Cardcaptor Sakura Movie 2: The Sealed Card – Chiharu Mihara
 * Digimon Adventure tri. – Patamon
 * Digimon Adventure: Last Evolution Kizuna – Patamon
 * Digimon Frontier: Ancient Digimon Revival – Pucchiemon

Video games

 * Digimon Adventure – Patamon

title: Miwa Matsumoto


text:
Ahtna language

Ahtna or Ahtena (, from At Na "Copper River") is the Na-Dené language of the Ahtna ethnic group of the Copper River area of Alaska. The language is also known as Copper River or Mednovskiy.

The Ahtna language consists of four different dialects: Upper, Central, Lower, and Western. Three of the four are still spoken today. Ahtna is closely related to Dena'ina.

The similar name Atnah occurs in the journals of Simon Fraser and other early European diarists in what is now British Columbia as a reference to the Tsilhqot'in people, another Northern Athapaskan group.

Classification
Ahtna is classified as belonging to the Northern Athabaskan languages, a subgrouping of the Athabaskan languages.

History
Ahtna is one of the eleven Athabaskan languages native to Alaska. The Ahtna language comes from the proto-Athabaskan language, believed to have evolved 5,000 to 10,000 years ago when humans migrated from Eurasia to North America over the Bering land bridge (Beringia), when it was dried up and exposed creating a natural land bridge. Many indigenous Native American languages are to have derived from this proto-Athabaskan language. Ahtna and orhte Athabaskan languages, like Navajo, have many similarities, due to their common ancestry. The Ahtna language has changed very much and very often, and it is still changing today. Within the past century more than one hundred words have made their way into the Ahtna vocabulary mostly due to influence from English. Contact with Russians influenced the Ahtna language with many Russian loanwords being introduced. With contact from English speakers, especially recently, English words have also been introduced. Some words are also borrowed from the Alaskan Tlingit and Alutiiq native languages.

Geographic distribution
The Ahtna region consists of the Copper River Basin and the Wrangell Mountains. The Ahtna Region is bordered by the Nutzotin river in the Northeast and the Alaska Range in the North. The Talkeetna Mountains are to the Chugach Mountains are to the South. The Upper Ahtna live on the upper portion of the Copper River, The Middle or Central Ahtna live slightly down river from there, The Lower Ahtna live near the mouth of the Copper River, which opens into the Gulf of Alaska, and the Western Ahtna live to the West of the River.

The Ahtna people live on and near traditional villages. There are eight villages within the Ahtna Region: Cantwell, Chistochina, Chitina, Copper Center, Gakona, Gulkana, Mentasta and Tazlina. They are all recognized federally.

Use and revitalization efforts
There are 15 elderly speakers out of a population of 500, and the language is facing extinction.

The subsistence and fishing-rights activist Katie John (1915–2013) of Mentasta helped develop an Ahtna alphabet in the 1970s and recorded a pronunciation guide of the Mentasta dialect.

In 2012 a facing-bilingual collection of poetry in Ahtna and English, The Indian Prophet, was published by poet John Smelcer.

In a revitalization program, the Ya Ne Dah Ah School in Sutton, Alaska teaches the Ahtna language as a part of its curriculum.

As of 2010, a digital archiving project of Ahtna was underway.

Dialects and bands
There are four main dialect divisions and eight bands (tribal unions):

 * Lower Ahtna (endonym Atnahwt'aene)
 * Chitina/Taral Band
 * Tonsina/Klutina Band
 * Central Ahtna or Middle Ahtna (endonym Dan'ehwt'aene)
 * Gulkona/Gakona Band
 * Western Ahtna (own name Tsaay Hwt'aene)
 * Tyone/Mendeltna Band
 * Cantwell/Denali Band
 * Upper Ahtna (endonym Tatl'ahwt'aene)
 * Sanford River/Chistochina Band
 * Slana/Batzulnetas Band
 * Mentasta Band

Vocabulary comparison
The comparison of some animal names in the three Athabaskan languages:

Phonology
Athabaskan languages are primarily prefixing. Many prefixes are presented together. There is limited suffixation and often one word has as much meaning as an English language sentence. Verbs are very complex therefore creating many different meanings or analysis of verbs. Some verbs include syntactic principles in addition to and/or replacement of morphological principles when constructing a word.

Consonants
The consonants in Kari's IPA phonology and practical orthography are shown in the following table.

Vowels
The vowels in Kari's practical orthography and phonology are as follows.

There is some variation in pronunciation of words according to dialect.

Possessives
Possession is indicated by prefixes such as s- "my", u- or yu'- "his/her", ne- "our"; as in snaan "my mother", unaan (or yu'naan) "his/her mother", nenaan "our mother".

Verb themes
Verbs are primarily prefixing. There are often six or more prefixes before the stem and then one or more suffixes. (1a) displays a surface form in Ahtna spelling while (1b) is the verb theme. Three prefixes are present that have to be listed with the stem to make up the form. Anything adjacent in a verb theme can be separated by morphemes in the forms surface. Verb themes display what elements should be listed in a dictionary for a speaker to be able to reconstruct the verb. '#' displays an important word-internal boundary known as a disjunct boundary. '+' indicates a morpheme boundary.

ta # d + l + dlok'

{into water} # QUAL + CL + laugh

"Water is gurgling." (surface form)

In the Ahtna language the verb typically goes after the noun.

Noun modification
In the Ahtna language, modifiers usually go after the noun they modify. Examples of this include the name of the deity or trickster figure Saghani Ggaay, where saghani is the noun "raven" and ggaay the adjective "little, small" or in the term nen ten "permafrost", a combination of nen "land, ground" and ten "frozen". This word order is also seen in place names such as Dghelaay Ce'e "Denali/Mount McKinley", literally "Biggest Mountain", and Ben Ce'e "Lake Susitna", literally "Big Lake".

title: Ahtna language


text:
KVRR

KVRR (channel 15) is a television station in Fargo, North Dakota, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. Owned by Coastal Television Broadcasting Company, the station maintains studios on South 40th Street and South 9th Avenue in Fargo, and its transmitter is located near Tansem, Minnesota. KVRR also handles master control and some internal operations for sister station and fellow Fox affiliate KQDS-TV in Duluth, Minnesota.

KVRR's programming is simulcast on three full-power satellite stations: KJRR (channel 7) in Jamestown, North Dakota, KBRR (channel 10) in Thief River Falls, Minnesota (serving the Grand Forks area), and KNRR (channel 12) in Pembina, North Dakota (which also covers parts of southern Manitoba, Canada, including Winnipeg).

KVRR was the flagship television property of previous owner Red River Broadcasting, which owned the station from its inception until its sale to Coastal in 2024.

History
The station first signed on the air on February 14, 1983, under the callsign KVNJ-TV. It was the first independent station in the Dakotas, as well as the first new standalone full-power commercial station to sign on in the Fargo–Grand Forks market in 29 years. WDAZ-TV (channel 8) in Grand Forks had signed on in 1967, but is co-owned with Fargo's WDAY-TV (channel 6).

The station changed its call letters to KVRR in 1985; that year, KBRR signed on from Thief River Falls as a satellite station serving Grand Forks. Satellite station KNRR signed on from Pembina in 1986, with intentions to target Winnipeg and southern Manitoba. Shortly afterward, on October 6, 1986, the three-station network became a charter affiliate of the upstart Fox network. However, like most early Fox affiliates, the stations still programmed themselves as independents, since Fox carried only one program at the time (The Late Show Starring Joan Rivers). KJRR in Jamestown joined KVRR's regional network in 1988. KJRR served as the network's affiliate for the eastern portion of the Bismarck television market (excluding the city of Bismarck itself) until November 1999, when KNDX signed on as Fox's first affiliate in central North Dakota.

In December 1988, KVRR partnered with three other independent stations serving Minnesota—KTMA (now CW affiliate WUCW) in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, KXLI (now Ion Television owned-and-operated station KPXM) in St. Cloud and KXLT-TV (now a Fox affiliate) in Rochester—to create a new regional television network called the Minnesota Independent Network (MIN). Despite good intentions, the network never got off the ground.

The stations also carried programming from the United Paramount Network (UPN) on a tape delay from the network's debut on January 16, 1995, until its programming was dropped in 1998, due to the presence of Minneapolis UPN affiliate KMSP-TV on cable providers in most of KVRR's viewing area (when KMSP became a Fox owned-and-operated station in September 2002, KCPM in Grand Forks signed on as a full-time UPN station in 2003).

From the mid-1990s until March 2015, KVRR did not include any regional, channel, or call letter branding on-air outside of Federal Communications Commission (FCC)-required station identifications, a rarity among American television stations. The four stations were collectively branded as "Your Fox Station" or simply "Fox". When the station began a news department in 2000, it was branded as Fox News. The station began phasing out the "Fox" branding in favor of simply branding by the KVRR call letters in March 2015. Station management stated that the rebrand was done to bring its branding in line with the Fargo market's other major network stations, all but one of which (CBS affiliate KXJB-LD, which brands by its former channel number as "KX4", now occupied by KRDK-TV) has long branded with their call letters. The move was also intended to distinguish the station from Fox News Channel; KVRR is one of only a handful of Fox affiliates that omits network references in their branding. KVRR launched a website on September 15, 2011.

In the summer of 2015, Red River Broadcasting announced that Antenna TV would be carried on the digital subchannels of all of its owned TV stations and satellite stations on January 1, 2016, including KVRR (relayed on KBRR, KJRR, and KNRR), KQDS-TV in Duluth, and KDLT-TV in Sioux Falls, South Dakota (relayed on KDLV in Mitchell); KDLT/KDLV would soon be sold to Gray Television in 2018, though continuing to broadcast Antenna TV on its own.

On November 30, 2021, Forum Communications (owner of WDAY/WDAZ) announced its intent to purchase KVRR and its satellites, as well as KQDS, from Red River Broadcasting for $24 million. Forum had sought a waiver from the FCC allowing it to own a second top–four ranked full-power station in the Fargo–Grand Forks market, though it would not consolidate the newsrooms of WDAY and KVRR. In the absence of FCC action, the deal was terminated in June 2023. On December 1, 2023, it was announced that Red River would sell the stations to the Coastal Television Broadcasting Group; the sale was completed on April 5, 2024.

KNRR and the old KCND
KNRR (channel 12) operates on a channel frequency previously occupied by KCND-TV, a station formerly owned by Gordon McLendon. In September 1975, Izzy Asper acquired the station and relocated it to Winnipeg, relaunching as CKND-TV on VHF channel 9 (now an owned-and-operated station of the Global Television Network). Ten years later, in 1986, channel 12 returned to the air as a semi-satellite of KVRR.

The coverage area of KNRR's analog signal included Winnipeg, which has almost double the population of KVRR's entire primary service area in North Dakota and western Minnesota. However, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) barred Winnipeg-area cable systems from carrying KNRR due to concerns that local advertisers would purchase time on KNRR rather than on television stations in the Winnipeg market. As a result, Rogers Cable systems in the Winnipeg area carry WUHF in Rochester, New York, as the Fox station available in the market, while MTS TV carries Fox's owned-and-operated station in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, KMSP-TV.

Even during the analog television era, when the northern fringe of KNRR's grade B signal contour encompassed Winnipeg, KNRR was all but impossible to receive in the River Heights and North End neighborhoods of the city, and was also subject to interference from hydro lines and telephone relay stations. Over time, KNRR's transmitter degraded and was not replaced, further reducing the signal quality.

KNRR shut down its signal on June 12, 2009, when the digital television transition took place. KNRR had not installed a digital transmitter, and its post-transition digital allotment on UHF channel 15 had already been reassigned to PBS member station KGFE as that station's post-transition allocation. Although it easily could have ceased operations permanently, the station's digital signal resumed operation in late October 2009, albeit operating at a very low power.

Although it can be received in several rural counties in North Dakota and Minnesota, the station's largest potential audience lies in the urban centers of southern Manitoba, including Altona, Morden and Winkler, and fringe coverage of Winnipeg.

News operation
KVRR presently broadcasts $18 1/2$ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with $3 1/2$ hours each weekday and one hour on Sundays; the station does not air newscasts on Saturdays). As with most programming, KVRR's newscasts are simulcast on satellite stations KJRR, KBRR and KNRR, with separate Grand Forks area commercials occasionally inserted on KBRR/KNRR.

KVRR launched its news department in July 2000, when it debuted a half-hour nightly newscast at 9 p.m., becoming the first prime time newscast in the Fargo market. In 2009, the station debuted a half-hour weeknight-only newscast at 6 p.m. On September 19, 2011, the 9 p.m. newscast was expanded from 35 minutes to one hour. On February 5, 2014, KVRR became the third and last television news operation in the Fargo–Grand Forks market (after KXJB-TV 4/KVLY 11 and WDAY 6/WDAZ 8) to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition.

Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed:

Analog-to-digital conversion
In the early 2000s, KVRR became the first commercial television station (the first being Prairie Public Television member stations KFME (channel 13), KGFE in Grand Forks and KCGE-DT in Crookston, Minnesota) in eastern North Dakota to transmit a digital signal.

KVRR shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 15, on February 1, 2009. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 19, using virtual channel 15.

KVRR and KJRR were the only stations in KVRR's regional network to broadcast programming in high definition until March 2011, when KBRR and KNRR upgraded their digital signals to transmit programming in HD. On March 18, 2011, Midcontinent Communications added KBRR's HD feed on its systems in Grand Forks and Devils Lake as it became available.

Satellite stations
KVRR operates three full-power satellite stations: KJRR, KBRR, and KNRR. These stations fully simulcast KVRR, but KBRR and KNRR occasionally air separate commercials for Grand Forks and the northern portion of the viewing area. Aside from their transmitters, the satellite stations do not maintain any physical presence in their cities of license.

Translators
KVRR serves its large coverage area with three translators. All are owned by local municipalities and relay satellite station KBRR.

 *  Baudette, MN
 *  Roseau, MN
 *  Williams, MN

KVRR and its satellite stations originally relayed its programming on a large network of translators throughout eastern North Dakota and west-central Minnesota. However, only one remains relaying KBRR and two more relaying KBRR in Lake of the Woods County were added as multiplexed digital subchannels after their transition to digital broadcasts in 2011. K26OH-D/Roseau is owned by Roseau County and K16KE/Baudette and K36LW/Williams are owned by Lake of the Woods County.

K61BJ in Donnelly, Minnesota, K54AT in Brainerd, Minnesota, K33HB in Devils Lake, North Dakota (relaying KNRR), and K05IV in Park Rapids, Minnesota, are no longer actively used as translators of KVRR. K61BJ was thought to be in operation by KVRR, but due to lack of communication it was found that the translator was damaged beyond repair by a lightning strike in 2005. K54AT was taken off the air in mid-April 2008, never to return. This was due to several reasons, the most significant being that the Brainerd was already served by a translator of Twin Cities Fox O&O KMSP-TV. K33HB, which relayed KNRR, was knocked off-the-air due to a tower collapse. K05IV's license was surrendered to the FCC on June 12, 2013.

KVRR originally maintained translators in north-central Alexandria, Bemidji, Grand Rapids, Red Lake (relaying KBRR), and Walker, Minnesota. However, the Bemidji translator was forced off the air by the sign on of WFTC satellite station KFTC, which was affiliated with Fox at the time, and is now also a satellite station of current Fox affiliate KMSP-TV. The Grand Rapids translator now carries sister station KQDS-TV in Duluth, whose master control and non-news programming originates from Fargo. The Alexandria, Red Lake and Walker translators, owned by private groups, now carry stations from the Twin Cities.

title: KVRR


text: Template:Mexico-stub

title: Template:Mexico-stub


text:
User:DnLambert

Dustin Lambert
I am Dustin Lambert, from Davis, California. I am enrolled currently in Da Vinci High School, in Davis. I have lived in davis for quite a while now, for about six years. Before I moved to Davis I lived in Capay Valley, about a forty five minute drive from Davis. While I lived in Capay Valley I attended a private school called Waldorf in Davis. I was in waldorf from kindergarden until 8th grade. After Waldorf I went to Emerson Junior High for one year, and am now at Da Vinci High School. I like to play bass guitar in my free time. I enjoy playing and listening to all kinds of music, but mostly rock oriented. I don't do much else. Remember: Everything's always beautiful. But there are other things I do, such as writing...See The philosophy, below

The Philosophy
There's two kind of people. We can represent the two kinds with two different signs, in this case (-) and (+). The negative and positive signs dont mean one is better than the other.

A positive and a negative can work together, because the negative overpowers the positive. The overpowering can be seen as a control, or as a guide

If two positives are together, then they can over power the negative, and the negative will be pushed away.

If two negatives are together, they will not work, each wanting to better than the other.

NOTE: the terms NEGATIVE and POSITIVE don't relate to the characteristic of the personallity type, but is just a representation.

Later addition: A third (*) and fourth (/) personallity type.

(*) may be a person that works with both, being easily overpowered, or controlled. (/) may be so strong that no (-) or (+) will be around them, but a (*) may, like a sidekick, or puppet.

There are flaws that havn't been worked out yet, that is the general idea. The personallities types have to be seen as a class, it is understood that there are many different kinds of people, and not can fit in to The Philosophy

title: User:DnLambert


text: User talk:130.113.14.43

title: User talk:130.113.14.43


text:
Tomohiro Nishimura

Tomohiro Nishimura (西村 朋紘) is a Japanese actor, voice actor, singer-songwriter, theatre director and sound director. He used to be employed by the talent management firm 81 Produce, but today he is freelance. He is often mixed up with Tomomichi Nishimura.

Since 2003, Nishimura has been the representative of OMO Ltd., being involved in various activities as a sound director for games, OVAs and CD dramas.

Television animation

 * Urusei Yatsura (1981–1986) (Kotatsu Kitty)
 * Itadakiman (1983) (Hatsuo)
 * Zillion (1987) (Bō)
 * Berserk (1997) (Corkus)
 * Alice SOS (1998) (Namekuji-neko)
 * Trigun (1998) (Midvalley the Hornfreak)
 * Magic User's Club (1999) (Yoshito Yoshimoto)
 * Baki the Grappler (2001) (Chiharu Shiba)
 * I Love Bubu Chacha (2001) (Nick)
 * Astro Boy: Mighty Atom (2003) (Jiomini)
 * Gokusen (2004) (Principal Gonzō Shirakawa)
 * Nerima Daikon Brothers (2006) (Attorney Kakuhama)
 * Saru Get You -On Air- (2006) (Pipotron Red, Ukki White)
 * Kaiji: Ultimate Survivor (2007) (Okabayashi)
 * Juni Taisen (2017) (Michio Tsukui )

Unknown date
 * Ayakashi Ayashi (Hanai Toraichi)
 * Cats & Company (Hector)
 * Corrector Yui (IR)
 * Death Note (Matt/Mail Jeevas, Takuo Shibuimaru)
 * Detective Conan (Director, Asakichi Yagura, Jiei Kariya, Takeshi Nezu, Jōji Narugawa)
 * Digimon Frontier (Grottomon)
 * Fushigi Mahou Fun Fun Pharmacy (Uomasa, Used Bookstore Owner, Summer Spirit)
 * Futari wa Pretty Cure/Futari wa Pretty Cure Max Heart (Vice Principal Kometsuki)
 * Hamtaro (Sabu)
 * Haō Taikei Ryū Knight (Sarutobi)
 * Harimogu Hārī (Takuya)
 * High School! Kimengumi (Munaita Dan, Kurutsu Teru)
 * Hunter × Hunter (Kiriko, Progressive,Seaquant)
 * Kaleido Star (Simon Park)
 * Karaoke Senshi Mike-jirō (Principal Doheta, mike goblin, Spielberger)
 * Kindaichi Case Files (Yukio Nijigawa, Naoya Tateishi)
 * Kinnikuman Nisei (Tel Tel Boy)
 * Korokke! (Bavarois)
 * Kuma no Pūtarō (Karaoke Monkey)
 * Macross 7 (Gigile)
 * Rockman EXE Beast (Nenji Rokushakudama)
 * Rockman EXE Stream (Nenji Rokushakudama)
 * Momotarō Densetsu (Kumagorō)
 * Monster (Terrorist "Secretary")
 * Nangoku Shōnen Papuwa-kun (Tanno-kun (2nd voice))
 * Petite Princess Yucie (Balizan)
 * Pokémon (Torigai)
 * Pokémon: Advanced Generation (Professor Soraishi)
 * Silk Road Shōnen Yūto (Arumajirō)
 * Soreike! Anpanman (SLman (2nd voice))
 * Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mack)
 * Tove Jasson no Tanoshii Mūmin Ikka (Busutafu)
 * Yoroiden Samurai Troopers (Shu Rei Fuan)
 * Rurouni Kenshin (Kaita)
 * Yu-Gi-Oh! GX (Zure)

Original video animation (OVA)

 * Haou Taikei Ryū Knight: Adeu's Legend (xxxx) (Sarutobi, Kazemaru)
 * Inferious Wakusei Senshi Gaiden Condition Green (xxxx) (Edward T. McCragan)
 * Macross Plus (1994) (Yan Noiman)
 * Saber Marionette (xxxx) (Hess)
 * Twin Angels (1995) (Dekunobo)
 * Samurai Troopers Gaiden (xxxx) (Shu Rei Fuan)
 * Samurai Troopers: Legend of Kikoutei (xxxx) (Shu Rei Fuan)
 * Samurai Troopers: Message (xxxx) (Shu Rei Fuan)
 * Urotsukidōji (1987) (Amano Jyaku)
 * Ultraman: Super Fighter Legend (1996) (Ultraman Ace and Gomora)
 * The Hakkenden (1990) (Inukai Genpachi Nobumichi)
 * Cosmo Warrior Zero (2001) (Tochirō)

Animated films

 * Anpanman movie series (xxxx) (SLman (2nd voice), SLmanman, Hōtaiman, Super Kabidandan)
 * Dorami-chan: Wow, The Kid Gang of Bandits (1991) (Chibisuke)
 * Fatal Fury: The Motion Picture (1994) (Billy Kane)
 * Konjiki no Gash Bell!!: 101 Banme no Mamono (2004) (Owl Demon)
 * Lupin III: The Plot of the Fuma Clan (1987) (Policeman)
 * My Neighbor Totoro (1988) (Postal worker)

Tokusatsu

 * Chouriki Sentai Ohranger (xxxx) (Cat Signal)
 * Gekisou Sentai Carranger (xxxx) (ZZ Zeri)

Videogames
unknown date
 * Samurai Shodown: Warriors Rage (1999) (Haito Kanakura)
 * Daemon X Machina (2019) (Klondike)
 * 3×3 Eyes: Kyūsei Kōshu (Haslett Hearn, Naparuba)
 * 3×3 Eyes: Tenrin-Ō Genmu (Haslett Hearn)
 * GioGio's Bizarre Adventure (Pesci, Ghiaccio)
 * Ninety-Nine Nights (Levv)
 * Kuma no Pūtarō: Sora wa Pink da! Zen'in Shūgō (Sore Damessu!) (Karaoke Monkey)
 * Shadow Hearts: Covenant (Joachim Valentine)
 * Shadow Hearts: From The New World (Joachim Valentine)

Live-action

 * The Red Spectacles (Chinpira)

Live-action

 * The Nutty Professor (Reggie Warrington (Dave Chappelle))

Animation

 * Tom and Jerry: The Magic Ring (Butch Alley Cat)
 * Thomas & Friends (Freddie)

title: Tomohiro Nishimura