text:
Indspire Awards

The Indspire Awards, until 2012 the National Aboriginal Achievement Awards, are annual awards presented by Indspire in Canada. The awards are intended to celebrate and encourage excellence in the Aboriginal community.

About
The awards were first established in 1993, and presented in 1994, in conjunction with the United Nations declared International Decade of the World's Indigenous People. The awards are intended to celebrate and encourage excellence in the Indigenous community. Awards may be presented in a variety of categories, depending on the particular achievements of Aboriginal people in the nominating period—14 awards are presented each year including one for Lifetime Achievement and three special Youth Awards, one each for First Nations, Inuit and Métis, that comes with a cash prize of $10,000 and 10 career categories with not all individual career categories necessarily presented annually. To be eligible an individual must be of either First Nations, Inuit, or Métis heritage. Additionally they must demonstrate outstanding career achievement, and be a permanent Canadian resident or be Canadian born. The awards are broadcast annually on the Global Television Network and the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN). Since 1985 Indspire through its Education Program has awarded more than $87 million in scholarships and bursaries to more than 25,00 First Nations, Inuit and Métis students nationwide.

Award categories
The award categories are:

 * Arts
 * Business and Commerce
 * Culture, Heritage and Spirituality
 * Education
 * Environment and Natural Resources
 * Health
 * Law and Justice
 * Politics
 * Public Service
 * Sports
 * Lifetime Achievement Award
 * Youth Award, First Nation
 * Youth Award, Inuit
 * Youth Award, Métis

Eligibility criteria
Individuals of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis ancestry who have reached a significant level of achievement in their respective occupations are eligible for nomination. Any person may nominate a candidate they deem to be worthy of this recognition with reference to the following criteria:

 * Of First Nations, Inuit or Métis heritage
 * Who demonstrate outstanding career achievement
 * Of any age with the exception of the youth category
 * Permanent Canadian resident or Canadian born
 * Youth achiever nominees must be 15–27 years of age

Indspire Awards recipients
Each year 14 recipients are recognized for their outstanding accomplishments in various disciplines ranging from health, law, political science, culture, arts, and others, two of which are specific recognition to one outstanding youth achiever and one lifetime achievement recipient. The awards are recognized both nationally and internationally as one of the highest honours the community can bestow upon its own achievers.

1994

 * William Lyall, Business
 * Jean Cuthand Goodwill, Community Service
 * Verna Kirkness, Education
 * Cindy Kenny-Gilday, Environment
 * Alanis Obomsawin, Film
 * Murray Sinclair, Justice
 * Bill Reid, Lifetime Achievement
 * Susan Aglukark, Performance
 * Thelma Chalifoux, Public Service
 * Nellie Cournoyea, Public Service
 * Rosemarie Kuptana, Public Service
 * Art Solomon, Spiritual Leadership
 * Ted Nolan, Sports

1995

 * Douglas Cardinal, Architecture
 * Robert Davidson, Arts and Culture
 * Frank Hansen, Business and Culture
 * Louis Stevenson, Community Development
 * Ernest Benedict, Education
 * Marie Smallface Marule, Education
 * Ahab Spence, Education
 * Matthew Coon Come, Environment and Public Service
 * Maggie Hodgson, Health Services
 * Alfred Scow, Law and Justice
 * Kenojuak Ashevak, Lifetime Achievement
 * Noah Carpenter, Medicine
 * Sharla Tiakohatéhkwen Howard, Special Youth
 * Angela Chalmers, Sports

1996

 * Maria Campbell, Arts
 * Tom Jackson, Arts
 * Rose Auger, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * James Watson Walkus, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Marlene Brant Castellano, Education
 * Mary Simon, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Frank Arthur Calder, Lifetime Achievement
 * Yvon Dumont, Public Service
 * Phil Fontaine, Public Service
 * Elijah Harper, Public Service
 * Albert Charles Rock, Science and Technology
 * Robert E. Johnson Jr., Special Youth
 * Alwyn Morris, Sports
 * Mary Two-Axe Earley, Women's Rights

1997

 * Kiawak Ashoona, Arts
 * Gil Cardinal, Arts
 * Graham Greene, Arts
 * Rita Joe, Arts
 * Billy Diamond, Business & Commerce
 * Charlie Watt, Community Development
 * Stanley John McKay, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Martin Gale McLoughlin, Health
 * Chester R. Cunningham, Law & Justice
 * Harry S. LaForme, Law & Justice
 * Olive Dickason, Lifetime Achievement
 * Stephen Kakfwi, Public Service
 * George Berthe, Special Youth
 * Darren Zack, Sports

1998

 * Tantoo Cardinal, Arts
 * Daphne Odjig, Arts
 * Tagak Curley, Business & Commerce
 * Abel Bosum, Community Development
 * Emily Jane Faries, Education
 * Cornelia Wieman, Health
 * Joe Crowshoe, Heritage and Spirituality
 * Roberta Jamieson, Law & Justice
 * Buffy Sainte-Marie, Lifetime Achievement
 * John Amagoalik, Public Service
 * Georges Erasmus, Public Service
 * Dan E. Goodleaf, Public Service
 * Wade R. Cachagee, Special Youth
 * Bryan Trottier, Sports

1999

 * Dorothy Grant, Business & Commerce
 * David Gabriel Tuccaro, Business & Commerce
 * Dorothy Betz, Community Development
 * Theresa Stevenson, Community Development
 * Mitiarjuk Nappaaluk, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Howard Adams, Education
 * Malcolm King, Health
 * Edward Kantonkote Cree, Health
 * James Igloliorte, Law & Justice
 * Rose Toodick Boyko, Law & Justice
 * Allen Sapp, Lifetime Achievement
 * James Bartleman, Public Service
 * Lillian Dyck, Science
 * ‘Alika LaFontaine, Youth

2000

 * Art Thompson, Arts
 * John Charles Bernard, Business & Commerce
 * Roy Albert Whitney, Business & Commerce
 * Paul J. Birckel, Community Development
 * Simon Baker, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Edith Josie, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Jo-Ann Archibald, Education
 * Miles G. Richardson, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Fjola Hart-Wasekeesikaw, Health
 * Steven Point, Law & Justice
 * Joseph Arthur Gosnell, Lifetime Achievement
 * Leetia Ineak, Media & Communication
 * Konrad Haskan Sioui, Public Service
 * Waneek Horn-Miller, Special Youth

2001

 * Tomson Highway, Arts
 * Dolly Watts, Business & Commerce
 * Fred House, Community Development
 * Mariano Aupilardjuk, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Freda Ahenakew, Education
 * Mary Thomas, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Lindsay Crowshoe, Health
 * Harold Cardinal, Lifetime Achievement
 * Roman Bittman, Media & Communication
 * Zacharias Kunuk, Media & Communication
 * Leonard Marchand, Public Service
 * Richard Nerysoo, Public Service
 * Nick Sibbeston, Public Service
 * Lance Relland, Special Youth

2002

 * Ohito Ashoona, Arts
 * Freda Diesing, Arts
 * Harry Deneron, Business & Commerce
 * Leonard (Len) G. Flett, Business & Commerce
 * George Kurszewski, Community Development
 * Noel Knockwood, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Roy Fox, Energy
 * Gilles Pinette, Health
 * Alex Janvier, Lifetime Achievement
 * Gail Guthrie Valaskakis, Media & Communication
 * Jonah Kelly, Media & Communication
 * Joseph Tokwiro Norton, Public Service
 * Jordin Tootoo, Special Youth
 * Michael Nepinak, Sports

2003

 * John Arcand, Arts
 * Tom King, Arts
 * Mel E. Benson, Business & Commerce
 * Gary Bosgoed, Business & Commerce
 * Mary Richard, Community Development
 * Charles Edward Lennie, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Leroy Little Bear, Education
 * Simon Lucas, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Judith Bartlett, Health
 * Jay Wortman, Health
 * John J. Borrows, Law & Justice
 * Robbie Robertson, Lifetime Achievement
 * Sophie Pierre, Public Service
 * Matthew Dunn, Special Youth

2004

 * Tina Keeper, Arts
 * Susan Point, Arts
 * Osuitok Ipeelee, Arts
 * Clarence Louie, Business & Commerce
 * Basil Johnston, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Carl Urion, Education
 * Sheila Watt-Cloutier, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Stanley Vollant, Health
 * Muriel Stanley Venne, Law & Justice
 * Andrew T. Delisle Sr., Lifetime Achievement
 * Suzanne Rochon-Burnett, Media & Communication
 * Pearl Calahasen, Public Service
 * Lee Wilson, Science and Technology
 * Kristinn Frederickson, Special Youth

2005

 * Joe Jacobs, Arts
 * Gerald McMaster, Arts
 * Douglas Golosky, Business & Commerce
 * Judy Gingell, Community Development
 * John Joe Sark, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Eber Hampton, Education
 * Emma LaRocque, Education
 * Andy Carpenter Sr., Environment and Natural Resources
 * Thomas Dignan, Health
 * Bertha Allen, Lifetime Achievement
 * Brenda Chambers, Media & Communication
 * Lolly Annahatak, Social Services
 * Fauna Kingdon, Special Youth
 * Sharon Anne Firth, Sports

2006

 * Jane Ash Poitras, Arts
 * Bernd Christmas, Business & Commerce
 * Wendy Grant-John, Community Development
 * Gladys Taylor Cook, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Taiaiake (Gerald) Alfred, Education
 * Billy Day, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Herb Belcourt, Housing
 * James (Sakej) Youngblood Henderson, Law & Justice
 * Jim Sinclair, Lifetime Achievement
 * Myra Cree, Media & Communication
 * George Tuccaro, Media & Communication
 * Tony Belcourt, Public Service
 * Andrea Dykstra, Special Youth
 * Shirley Firth Larsson, Sports

2007

 * Joane Cardinal-Schubert, Arts
 * Jack Poole, Business & Commerce
 * Alestine Andre, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Joe Michel, Education
 * David Walkem, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Joseph Couture, Health
 * Hugh Braker, Law & Justice
 * Bertha Clark Jones, Lifetime Achievement
 * Lisa Meeches, Media & Communication
 * Fred Carmichael, Politics
 * Lewis Cardinal, Public Service
 * James Makokis, Special Youth
 * Wegadesk Gorup-Paul, Sports
 * Monica Peters, Technology & Trades

2008

 * Shirley Cheechoo, Arts
 * Jim Boucher, Business & Commerce
 * Hubert Skye, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Marie Ann Battiste, Education
 * Elizabeth (Tshaukuesh) Penashue, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Jeff Reading, Health
 * David C. Nahwegahbow, Law & Justice
 * Norval Morrisseau, Lifetime Achievement
 * Paul Andrew, Media & Communication
 * Joe Handley, Politics
 * Sylvia B. Maracle, Public Service
 * Boyd Wesley Benjamin, Special Youth
 * Reggie Leach, Sports

2009

 * Melanie Jackson, Arts
 * Dennis Jackson, Arts
 * Allan C. McLeod, Business & Commerce
 * Stephen J. Augustine, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Cecil King, Education
 * Gordon W. Prest, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Candace Grier-Lowe, Health
 * Delia Opekokew, Law & Justice
 * Stan Cuthand, Lifetime Achievement
 * Carol Morin, Media & Communication
 * Paul Okalik, Politics
 * Joan Glode, Public Service
 * Chelsea Lavallée, Special Youth
 * Adam Sioui, Sports
 * Mervin J. Dewasha, Technology & Trades

2010

 * Kananginak Pootoogook, Arts
 * Ellen Melcosky, Business & Commerce
 * Tom Crane Bear, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Raoul J. McKay, Education
 * Danny Beaton, Environment and Natural Resources
 * Madeleine Kētēskwew Dion Stout, Health
 * Donald Worme, Law & Justice
 * William Commanda, Lifetime
 * Kenneth Atsenhaienton Deer, Media & Communication
 * Eric Robinson, Politics
 * Edith Cloutier, Public Service
 * Skawenniio Barnes, Special Youth
 * Monica Pinette, Sports
 * Doug Henry, Technology & Trades

2011

 * Corrine Hunt, Arts
 * Joseph F. Dion, Business & Commerce
 * Paingut Annie Peterloosie, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Margo L. Greenwood, Education
 * Ronald Edward Sparrow, Environment & Natural Resources
 * Marcia Anderson DeCoteau, Health
 * Roger Jones, Law & Justice
 * Lillian McGregor, Lifetime
 * Jean LaRose, Media & Communications
 * Audrey Poitras, Politics
 * Cindy Blackstock, Public Service
 * Teyotsihstokwáthe Dakota Brant, Special Youth
 * Frederick G. Sasakamoose, Sports
 * Duncan Cree, Technology & Trades

2012

 * Adam Beach, Arts
 * Victor S. Buffalo, Business & Commerce
 * Dave Courchene, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Leona Makokis, Education
 * Richard Stewart Hardy, Environment & Natural Resources
 * Janet Smylie, Health
 * Violet Ford, Law & Justice
 * Gerry St. Germain, Lifetime
 * Richard Wagamese, Media & Communications
 * Leona Aglukkaq, Politics
 * Edward John, Politics
 * Minnie Grey, Public Service
 * Richard Peter, Sports
 * Earl Cook, Youth
 * Candace Sutherland, Youth

2013

 * Jacqueline Guest, Arts
 * Charlie Evalik, Business & Commerce
 * Winston Wuttunee Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Shawn A-in-chut Atleo, Education
 * Lloyd (Sonny) Flett, Environment & Natural Resources
 * Ruby Jacobs, Health
 * Viola Robinson, Law & Justice
 * Alex Van Bibber, Lifetime Achievement
 * Duane Smith, Politics
 * Gail Cyr, Public Service
 * Theoren Fleury, Sports
 * Gabrielle Scrimshaw, Youth First Nation
 * Elizabeth Zarpa, Youth Inuit
 * Graham Kotowich, Youth Métis

2014

 * Kent Monkman, Arts
 * Marie Yvonne Delorme, Business & Commerce
 * Maggie Paul, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Rita Bouvier, Education
 * Charlie Snowshoe, Environment & Natural Resources
 * Evan Tlesla II Adams, Health
 * Marion Meadmore, Law & Justice
 * James Eetoolook, Lifetime Achievement
 * Stewart Philip, Politics
 * Robert Watts, Public Service
 * Mary Spencer, Sports
 * John Nicholas Jeddore, Youth First Nation
 * Sarah Arngna’naaq, Youth Inuit
 * Christie Lavallée, Youth Métis
 * Kristinn Frederickson, Youth Special

2015

 * Ron E. Scott, Arts
 * Brenda La Rose, Business and Commerce
 * Peter Irniq, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Paulette C. Tremblay, Education
 * Gerald Anderson, Environment and Natural Resources
 * William Julius Mussell, Health
 * Wilton Littlechild, Law and Justice
 * Elsie Yanik, Lifetime Achievement
 * Kim Baird, Politics
 * Madeleine Redfern, Public Service
 * Gino Odjick, Sports
 * Jordan Konek, Youth
 * Kendal Netmaker, Youth
 * Gabrielle Fayant, Youth Métis

2016

 * Joseph Boyden, Arts
 * Clint Davis, Business and Commerce
 * Jim Ochiese, Culture, Heritage, & Spirituality
 * Mae Louise Campbell, Culture, Heritage, & Spirituality
 * Jo-Ann Episkenew, Education
 * Pat Mandy, Health
 * Mark L’Hirondelle Stevenson, Law and Justice
 * Robert Joseph, Lifetime Achievement
 * Mike Kanentakeron Mitchell, Politics
 * Leonard George, Public Service
 * Carey Price, Sports
 * Christian Kowalchuk, Youth Recipient
 * Killulark (Laura) Arngna’naaq, Youth Recipient
 * Zondra Roy, Youth Recipient

2017

 * Cece Hodgson-McCauley, Politics
 * Doreen Spence, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Duncan McCue, Public Service
 * Heather Kashman, Sports
 * Jan Kahehti:io Longboat, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Josh Butcher, Youth
 * Kimberly R. Murray BA, LL.B, IPC, Law & Justice
 * Maatalii Okalik, Youth
 * Nathan Matthew, Education
 * Phillip “Jerry” Asp, Business & Commerce
 * Senator Murray Sinclair, Lifetime Achievement
 * Tekatsi:tsia’kwa Katsi Cook, Health
 * Thomas Dymond, Youth

2018

 * Ashley Callingbull, Youth - First Nation Recipient
 * Dr. Donna May Kimmaliardjuk, Youth - Inuit Recipient
 * Dr. Evelyn Voyageur, Health
 * Dr. Gloria Cranmer Webster, Lifetime Achievement
 * Dr. Lorna Wanosts’a7 Williams, Education
 * Dr. Mike DeGagné, Public Service
 * Greg Hill, Arts
 * Kye7e Cecilia Dick DeRose, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Michael Linklater, Sports
 * Nicole Bourque-Bouchier, Business & Commerce
 * Paul Chartrand, Law & Justice
 * Theland Kicknosway, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Tracie Léost, Youth - Métis Recipient

2019

 * Atuat Akittirq, Lifetime Achievement
 * Barbara Todd Hager, Arts
 * Billy-Ray Belcourt, Youth - First Nation Recipient
 * Brigette Lacquette, Sports
 * Dianne Corbiere, Law & Justice
 * Dr. Marlyn Cook, Health
 * Dr. Vianne Timmons, Education
 * Grand Chief Ronald Derrickson, Business & Commerce
 * James Lavallée, Youth - Métis Recipient
 * Jijuu Mary Snowshoe, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Kelly Fraser, Youth - Inuit Recipient
 * Peter Dinsdale, Public Service

2020

 * Alicia Aragutak, Youth - Inuit Recipient
 * Ta'Kaiya Blaney, Youth - First Nation Recipient
 * Claudette Commanda, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Jeannette Corbiere Lavell, Lifetime Achievement
 * Marian Jacko, Law & Justice
 * Karen Lawford, Health
 * Candice Lys, Education
 * Dawn Madahbee Leach, Business & Commerce
 * Alana Robert, Youth - Métis Recipient
 * Cowboy Smithx, Arts
 * Gina Wilson, Public Service

2021

 * Lesley Hampton, Youth
 * Mitchell MacDougall, Youth
 * Justin Langan, Youth
 * Drew Hayden Taylor, Arts
 * Rosa Walker, Business and Commerce
 * Emily Angulalik, Culture, Heritage, and Spirituality
 * Lorne Gladu, Education
 * Catherine Cook, Health
 * Val Napoleon, Law and Justice
 * Nahanni Fontaine, Public Service
 * Dallas Soonias, Sports
 * Qapik Attagutsiak, Lifetime Achievement

2022

 * Shayla Oulette-Stonechild, Youth
 * Melissa Attagutsiak, Youth
 * Tristen Durocher, Youth
 * David Wolfman, Arts
 * Jenn Harper, Business & Commerce
 * Siyamiyateliot Elizabeth Phillips, Culture, Heritage & Spirituality
 * Annette Trimbee, Education
 * Melanie MacKinnon, Health
 * Cheryl Arcand-Kootenay, Law & Justice
 * Terry Goodtrack, Public Service
 * Terry Felix, Sport
 * Marjorie White, Lifetime Achievement

title: Indspire Awards


text:
Gisbertus Voetius

Gisbertus Voetius (Latinized version of the Dutch name Gijsbert Voet ; 3 March 1589 – 1 November 1676) was a Dutch Calvinist theologian.

Life
He was born at Heusden, in the Dutch Republic, studied at Leiden, and in 1611 became Protestant pastor of Vlijmen, whence in 1617 he returned to Heusden. In 1619, he played an influential part in the Synod of Dort, at which he was the youngest delegate. In 1634, Voetius was made professor of theology and Oriental science at the University of Utrecht. Three years later he became pastor of the Utrecht congregation. He was an advocate of a strong form of Calvinism (Gomarism) against the Arminians. The city of Utrecht perpetuated his memory by giving his name to the street in which he had lived.

Utrecht controversy with Descartes
In March 1642, while serving as rector of the University of Utrecht, Voetius persuaded the university's academic senate to issue a formal condemnation of the Cartesian philosophy and its local defender, Henricus Regius. According to the senate's statement, Cartesian philosophy was to be suppressed because:
 * 1) it was opposed to 'traditional' (i.e. Scholastic/Aristotelian) philosophy;
 * 2) young people taught Cartesian philosophy would be unable to understand the technical terminology of Scholasticism; and
 * 3) it had consequences contrary to orthodox theology.

Descartes countered with a personal attack on Voetius, in a letter to Jacques Dinet, which he made public in the second edition (1642) of his Meditations. Voetius was provoked into getting Martin Schoock to produce a book-length assault on Descartes and his work, the Admiranda methodus (1643). Descartes associated the quarrel with the part Voetius was playing with another controversy with Samuel Maresius, who was at least sympathetic to some Cartesian ideas. Legal and diplomatic moves followed (the protagonists were in different provinces in the Netherlands); and Maresius at the University of Groningen was able to extract some admissions from Schoock that were quite damaging to Voetius.

In his long letter to Voetius (Epistola ad Voetium), Descartes mentioned Aristotelianism only twice; by contrast, the topics of theology, faith, and atheism were put on the table hundreds of times. Both Descartes and Voetius acknowledged that the issue they treated was most of all theological.

Voetius pursued the faith-seeking-understanding program whereas Descartes repudiated the faith-lacking-understanding project. The primary concern of Voetius was not to preserve Aristotelianism but to keep the biblical truth that, as he put it, was received from orthodox tradition.

Descartes insisted that the article of faith did not fall under the regime of human reason because faith was something one could not fully grasp with reason. He argued that whoever embraced the articles of faith for incorrect reasoning would commit a sin no less grave than those who rejected them. What Descartes desperately defended was the autonomy of human reason and its proper use. In his philosophical enterprise, faith seemed to hinder the autonomy and the use of reason. He believed that his method of doubt would provide a firm road to perfect knowledge.

Voetius, however, argued that human reason was surrounded by error and sin, so that perfect knowledge was impossible for humans. He maintained that human beings would be able to learn the truth from divine revelation, which was the only principle in the pursuit of truth. Therefore, for Voetius, Cartesianism was primarily confronted with scriptural truth, not with Aristotelianism.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Gisbertus Voetius


text:
John L. Hall Jr.

Admiral John Lesslie Hall Jr. (11 April 1891 – 6 March 1978) was a senior officer of the United States Navy, who served during World War II.

Education
Hall, son of the literary scholar John Lesslie Hall, was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, and attended The College of William & Mary for three years before transferring to the U.S. Naval Academy where he graduated in 1913. He starred in American football for three seasons at William and Mary and four years at the Naval Academy. He excelled in three sports at the Academy and was awarded the coveted "Academy Sword" for athletic excellence.

World War II
Hall was the chief of staff of the Western Naval Task Force during the North African landings in 1942, receiving the Distinguished Service Medal for opening ports and preventing sabotage while commander of Northwest African Sea Frontier.

In February 1943, he became commander of Amphibious Force, North African Waters (Eighth Fleet), expertly cross-training army artillerymen and navy gunners so that his ships' call-fire missions could be conducted in direct support of troop advances rather than at "targets of opportunity." His concept proved devastating to enemy forces and tank divisions as he led one of the major assault forces engaged in the Sicilian Occupation (9–12 July 1943) and the bitterly contested landings at Salerno (9–21 September 1943).

These bold achievements brought him two awards of the Legion of Merit. In November 1943, he took command of the 11th Amphibious Force in the United Kingdom, earning the Army's Distinguished Service Medal for his leadership of amphibious Force "O" which landed and effectively supported the Army V Corps on the Omaha Beach sector off the coast of Normandy in June 1944. He received a second Navy Distinguished Service Medal for command of the Southern Attack Force (Task Force 55) during the Okinawa campaign. In October 1945, he became commander of Amphibious Force, United States Pacific Fleet, receiving the rank of vice admiral a few months later.

Postwar
After the war he was commandant of the Fourteenth Naval District and, in 1948, commandant of the Armed Forces Staff College at Norfolk, Virginia. From August 1951 until his retirement in May 1953, he was commander of Western Sea Frontier, with additional duty as commander of Pacific Reserve Fleet. On leaving active duty, he was advanced to the rank of full admiral on the basis of his combat awards.

General of the Army Dwight Eisenhower, the Allied Supreme Commander of all Allied forces on the Western Front during World War II, gave Hall the nickname "Viking of Assault". General George Patton, who was often a tough critic of fellow military leaders, heaped high praise on him.

Admiral Hall died on 6 March 1978 at the age of 86. The papers of Admiral Hall can be found in the Special Collections Research Center at the College of William & Mary.

Namesakes
The guided-missile frigate USS John L. Hall (FFG-32) (launched 1981) was named in his honor.

title: John L. Hall Jr.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jim Sinclair

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP

Jim Sinclair
Does having a prominent "anti-cure perspective" on autism make one notable enough for inclusion on Wikipedia? 549 google hits. GRider\talk 22:26, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Jim Sinclair is actively involved in Autism Network International http://www.ani.ac, the largest organization run by and for autistic people. Sinclair's essay "Don't Mourn for Us" has most likely reached more people than any other piece of anti-cure writing and has changed peoples' view of autism. The autism rights movement (though not the official name of the movement) is just starting to build momentum and I do believe Jim Sinclair is an important person in the movement, and is important enough for mentioning in Wikipedia. Q0 23:46, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * In addition, I do think information about the impact and controversy generated in the autism community by "Don't Mourn for Us" can be expanded on. Q0 01:31, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, just passes notability for me, needs expansion. Megan1967 05:56, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge

The Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge was an artificial wetland environment, created using agricultural runoff from farmland in California's Central Valley.

The irrigation water is transported to the valley from sources in the Sierra Nevada via the California Aqueduct. Minerals from these sources are carried in the water and concentrated by evaporation from aqueducts, canals, and fields. This has resulted in an exceptionally high accumulation of selenium and other minerals in the wetlands. Wildlife in this region suffered deformities due to selenium poisoning, drawing the attention of news media and leading to the closure of the refuge.

Kesterson Reservoir was a unit of the refuge but is now part of San Luis National Wildlife Refuge.

Westlands-Kesterson Timeline

 * 1952 - Westlands Water District is formed and would become the nation's largest water district, covering 600,000 acres
 * 1961 - United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) agrees to build San Luis Reservoir and a runoff drain that would benefit the Westlands
 * 1975 - Funding for the Westlands drain cut by Congress resulting in toxic run-off diverted to Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge evaporation ponds
 * 1977 Nov 5 - 529 page federal report finds USBR failed to breakup corporate ownership in Westlands over 160 acre limit
 * 1978 - 7,000 acre-feet of toxic water laced with selenium and pesticides sent annually to Kesterson evaporation ponds flows into wildlife reserve
 * 1983 - 60% of baby birds are deformed within Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge where contaminated water is sent
 * 1985 - Publication of "Tragedy at Kesterson Reservoir: Death of a Wildlife Refuge Illustrates Failings of Water Law"
 * 1996 - USBR and State of California form Grasslands Bypass Project to divert contaminated water from going into Kesterson
 * 2000 Mar 1 - Court of Appeals orders USBR to construct Central Valley Project (CVP) Drain
 * Jun 9 - $450 million water plan proposed by Governor Gray Davis includes raising Shasta Dam height
 * 2002 Feb 13 - Natural Resources Defense Council appeals judge's ruling over how much CVP water can be retained for wildlife
 * Nov 17 - USBR close to making deal to buy contaminated lands in Westlands
 * 2004 Apr 22 - Sac Express The Rich get wetter
 * Jul 14 - Court order allows for protection of fish in Trinity River with water
 * Sep 14 - EWG Less Land, More Water Soaking Uncle Sam
 * 2007 Aug 30 - California fishing e-magazine publishes, "Westlands wants to raise Shasta Dam and grab $40 billion in subsidized water"
 * 2009 Jun 10 - TJA CVP pumping changes to protect fish
 * 2012 Mar 2 - Court of Appeals ends thirteen-year legal battle between Westlands and Interior Department in government's favor
 * 2017 Mar 17 - San Luis Unit Drainage Resolution Act (H.R.1769) proposed to deal with Kesterson drainage
 * May 18 - Ex-Westlands Water District lobbyist picked for key Department of the Interior post
 * Nov 10 - USBR and Westlands Water District settlement in limbo
 * 2018 Jan 23 - Deadline passes but Westlands confident of help from Congress
 * May 3 - Billions at play over Kesterson impacts and the growing pressure to accept deal from Westland's big farmers
 * 2019 May 1 - USBR-Westlands drainage deal for CVP water: Who's who and what's involved
 * May 23 - Congressional Research Service releases new report on the CVP and legislative proposals
 * Sept 6 - Environmentalists win Appeals Court victory against San Joaquin Valley agricultural polluters
 * Nov 15 - Interior Secretary David Bernhardt, who was the former lawyer for Westlands proposes permanent CVP water contract

title: Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge


text:
Richard Butson

Colonel Arthur Richard Cecil Butson, GC, OMM, CD and Bar (24 October 1922 – 24 March 2015) was born of British parents in China, and later emigrated to Canada.

A medical student during the Second World War, he then joined the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1946, and for rescuing another Antarctic explorer from a crevasse in 1947 was awarded the Albert Medal, then, with the George Cross, the highest award for civilian gallantry for British and Commonwealth citizens. Later, all holders of the Albert Medal were invited to exchange that medal for the George Cross.

From 1948 he undertook postgraduate medical research in London before moving to Canada where he continued his medical career, both in civilian practice and with the Canadian Militia.

Early life and Antarctic
Butson was born in Hankou, China of British parents on 24 October 1922. He was educated in England at Leighton Park School and then at the University of Cambridge and University College Hospital, graduating MB, BChir in 1945.

He served in the Home Guard and a Light Rescue Squad in London during the Blitz and as a Medical Officer with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in the Antarctic from 1946 to 1948. During his year in Antarctica, the expedition found a route for dog teams over the 5,000-foot high mountains of the Grahamland Peninsula and surveyed the last thousand miles of the most inaccessible coastline of the world.

For Bravery and Distinguished Service in Antarctica, Butson was awarded both the Albert Medal (later superseded by the George Cross) and the Polar Medal.

Butson's citation for the Albert Medal reads:

"Whitehall, September 16, 1948.

The KING has been pleased to award the Albert Medal to Dr. Arthur Richard Cecil Butson, a member of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, in recognition of his gallantry in the following circumstances. —

On the evening of 26th July 1947, an American member of the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition fell into a crevasse some 6 miles from Base[.] Two teams were sent to the rescue but the hazards of crossing a heavily crevassed glacier were much increased by darkness and it was not until 4 o'clock on the morning of 27th July that the crevasse into which the American had fallen was located. Butson immediately volunteered to be lowered into the crevasse where he found the American tightly wedged 106 feet down and suffering from shock and exhaustion. For nearly an hour he had to chip the ice away in an extremely confined space in order to free the American, who was brought to the surface and placed inside a tent. Butson then rendered the necessary medical aid and at dawn a return to Base was made carrying the American on one of the sledges."

Butson's own description of events:

"When I got down to Peterson, I found him so tightly wedged in the narrowing crevasse that I could not get down to his level without removing some of my clothes. His haversack was throttling him so I first had to cut the strap. He was wedged head down with his shoulders across the crevasse. I pulled his shoulders around so that freed his chest a little. I was then able to get two slings under his thighs. While doing all this there were loud cracks and booming noises from the glacier’s movement and I felt the pressure on myself of the glacial movement. Those above could not hear me well so when I asked them to pull a little I could not stop them when Peterson screamed. He suddenly shot up from the wedged position like a cork out of a champagne bottle. When nearly at the top it looked as he was falling out of the slings and was going to land back on me! He was, however, pulled out by those on top. I got out after the equipment had been hauled up.

The miracle of the rescue was in finding the small hole in the crevasse bridge in a glacier 6 miles by 8 miles in the dark of Antarctic night. Peterson subsequently served in the US Marines in the Korean War. He died recently of cancer. His mother was grateful and sent me food parcels and wanted me to marry her daughter – there was a problem – I was already married!"

Canada
Butson did postgraduate surgical studies in London until 1952, when he emigrated to Canada, settling in Hamilton, Ontario in 1953, where he practiced as a surgeon. With the establishment of McMaster University Medical School in 1970, he joined the part-time faculty, ending with the appointment of Clinical Professor in the Department of Surgery. He was Chief of Staff of St. Joseph's Hospital, a 600-bed teaching hospital, for two years and Head of the Service of General Surgery for many years. He has published about 20 papers on surgical topics. He found time to obtain a Doctorate in addition to his medical degree.

Butson joined the Canadian Militia in 1956 as Medical Officer to the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry until 1972. He later commanded Hamilton's 23 Medical Company, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He was promoted Colonel and appointed the Area Surgeon for what is now LFCA (Land Force Central Area). Butson took the Arctic Winter Warfare course and qualified as a parachutist at age 55. He then established a Militia Airborne Surgical Team.

Butson was President of the Defence Medical Association of Canada and represented Canada medically on the NATO Reserve Officer's Association (CIOR) for four years. For his services to the Canadian Forces, he was appointed Honorary Surgeon to Her Majesty the Queen in 1977 and was made an Officer of the Order of Military Merit (Canada) in 1982.

Butson married Eileen Callon on 30 June 1967. They have two daughters, Sarah Louise and Caroline, and one son, Andrew Richard. Butson has been active with the St. John Ambulance for many years and was appointed Commander of the Venerable Order of Saint John on 14 April 2009.

He also received the Service Medal of the Order of St John for his long service with St John Ambulance.

A mountaineer, Butson climbed extensively in the Canadian Rockies, Baffin Island, the Antarctic, the Alps and the Hindu Kush in the Western Himalaya. Butson Ridge in Antarctica (at Lat 68°05’ S, Long 66°51’ W) is named after him.

In addition to the other medals mentioned above, Butson received the Defence Medal, the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977, the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal in 1992 (British and Canadian versions), and the Canadian Forces' Decoration with Bar.

He worked as a beef cattle farmer in Ancaster, Ontario.

Politics
In 2003 Butson entered provincial politics in Ontario. Standing on principle, he stood as the sole candidate of the leaderless Confederation of Regions Party during the 2003 Ontario General Election. He stood Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Aldershot, on a platform of individual freedom of responsibility, an affirmation of heritage, and a public referendum on bilingualism. He also opposed the forced amalgamation of Hamilton.

As his party's sole candidate, Butson was interviewed by the CBC's Avril Benoit during the campaign. He received only 293 votes, finishing last in a field of six candidates.

Considered the de facto leader of the party, he was elected party president the following year and remained so until 2010. The following year his wife was elected by the party membership as the president of the party, succeeding her husband for a one-year term.

Private life
Buston was married twice. In 1946 he married Joyce Scott Cowell, with whom he had two children. In 1967 he married, Eileen Gallon and they had a son.

Butson died at the age of 92 on 24 March 2015.

Medal entitlement
Butson was entitled to the following medals

title: Richard Butson


text: User talk:83.237.196.13

title: User talk:83.237.196.13


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shaun shahram shasha Navazesh

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 12:44, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Shaun shahram shasha Navazesh
Artisan Baker, Pastry chef, consultant, Founder President and Chairman of ABQA (Artisan Bakers Quality Alliance), Chairman of Advanced Baking curriculum at George Brown City College 2003, lecturer and teacher from 2001, premier award nominee 2003, ShaSha is a well-traveled man who brought his knowledge and experience about food and baking to Canada.

His love for food and passion for baking led him to marry his knowledge and expertise with skills and techniques he learned at George Brown College.

His early teachers – his mother and grandmother, who always made "happy" food, inspired his appreciation for tasty and healthy food. "Happy" food is food made with love, happiness and wholesome, all natural, organic ingredients.

He’s grateful to his family and friends who have supported him and to those who trusted him and gave him the room to experiment and expand his creativity.

This proud Canadian is now owner, artisan baker of ShaSha Bread Co. where there is an amiable alchemy at work creating organic, sourdough, gourmet bread.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jeff McBride

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP

Jeff McBride
Appears to be vanity. BLANKFAZE | (что??) 22:28, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Keep. Google on '"Jeff McBride" magic' gets 21,500 hits all the early ones of which look relevant.  He tours internationally in fairly prestigious venues and has made three DVDs which seem to be sold fairly widely in magic establishments.  Maybe not in the very top rank of magicians, but I'd say pretty notable. TSP 00:24, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Rewrite Wave your magic wand and turn this vanity-filled, self-promotion into a notable, informative article. Zzyzx11 00:45, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep and rewrite. Seems fairly notable, but nothing's making me feel like we absolutely have to retain this. – Beginning 02:36, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, needs rewrite and expansion, borderline notable for me. Megan1967 04:28, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I was a practicing magician for a time, and while McBride is no David Copperfield or Doug Henning, he is fairly noteworthy as magicians go.  If nobody beats me to it, I'll attempt a rewrite at some point this week. Shimeru 10:15, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and rewrite in proper American English. A.D.H. (t&m) 04:04, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Lonergan Institute

The Lonergan Institute is a center of research at Boston College (a private university in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts), specialising in the work of Canadian philosopher Bernard Lonergan.

The Institute offers courses and seminars on Lonergan, his principal writings, and subjects that those writings illuminate, such as hermeneutics, political theology, science and religion, Christology, aesthetics, self-knowledge, economics, the Trinity, and the history and philosophy of science and mathematics.

The Lonergan Institute is also responsible for the Perspectives and PULSE programs at Boston College; these are interdisciplinary projects dealing with philosophy, theology, service, and other aspects of academia.

title: Lonergan Institute


text:
Beni Messous massacre

The Beni Messous massacre took place on the nights from September 5 to 6 September 1997, in Sidi Youssef, a working-class area in the town of Beni Messous. At least 84 people were killed.

Background
In 1997, Algeria was at the peak of a brutal civil conflict that had begun after the military's cancellation of 1992 elections set to be won by the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS). Guerrillas fighting the government took refuge in the forest of Bainem west of Algiers. The Sidi Youssef neighborhood of Beni Messous (see detailed map) stands just on the edge of this forest. Beni Messous is an outlying suburb of Algiers (see map) along the Beni Messous river, home to a large military barracks. One account indicates that a military search for guerrillas in the forest was underway when the massacre started.

Massacre
At about 10 pm on September 5, 1997, about 50 howling men, some of them dressed in military forms, arrived in Sidi Youssef, wielding knives and machetes, and started breaking into houses and killing those within. The victims screamed for help and banged pots and pans to alert their neighbors. Security forces did not arrive until 1 am, despite being stationed close by. The terrorists killed at least 87 people that night, according to the Associated Press; no official death toll was issued, and two political parties, FFS and HMS, claimed about 150 were killed, whereas Daikha Dridi (babelmed) reports 53. It was followed by a second night of killing the next day which reportedly left another 45 dead.

Responsibility
No group claimed responsibility, but the Algerian government blamed militant Islamist groups such as the GIA. The government told the UN Commission on Human Rights (E/CN.4/2000/3/Add.1) that "A judicial inquiry was opened, and on 7 July 1998 an anti-terrorist raid was carried out on the hideout of the eight culprits. The legal proceedings continue." It is unclear how to reconcile this with what a general told the UN investigative panel that visited the site on 27 July 1998: "of those who had committed the atrocities only eight were still at large and one was in Serkadji prison. The leader of the terrorist group had been shot dead 10 days earlier."

Amnesty International has questioned the state's response, saying that "Beni Messous has the largest barracks and military security centre of the capital, as well as several other gendarmerie and security forces centres from which the site of the massacre is clearly visible. The army barracks of Cheraga (see map) is only a few kilometres away. Neighbours telephoned the security forces who refused to intervene saying the matter was under the mandate of the gendarmerie. They called the gendarmerie but received no reply, and the attackers left undisturbed." However, the aforementioned general argued to the UN panel, with the help of a topographic map, that the army and gendarmerie had been unable to prevent the massacre, saying that "bombs had been set off to stop the army; and electrical power had been turned off by the attackers. The neighbouring farmers had not been able to provide help, as the terrorists had planted explosives, but they had alerted the security forces whose post divisional headquarters was a few kilometres away." He added that the government had urged the main family attacked to move somewhere safer earlier, and it had refused, and reported claims that the family in question had been feeding the terrorists and had possibly become rich as a result.

Aftermath
Many families fled Sidi Youssef following these massacres; some took refuge in the Beni-Messous stadium and were still there in 2002. The houses where the massacre took place were demolished by mayoral decree in 2001; only scattered ruins remain, and no plaque marks the spot.

Eyewitness quotes
Quoted by Rachid Khiari, Associated Press, Sept. 7:

 * "We heard victims screaming and cries for help, but no one came," one of those who escaped told The Associated Press.
 * "They kicked the door in, took the men, forced them outside, slit their throats," one woman -- the sole survivor of her family -- told The Associated Press. "They came back, took out my aunt and slit her throat, after slashing open her stomach," said the woman, who identified herself only by her family's name, Benbrahin.  The woman escaped through a window of her home, then hid in a nearby forest until daybreak.

Quoted by Daikha Dridi (babelmed 2003):

 * Everyone remembers that terrible night: “it happened a bit further down, where the disaster stricken people’s town is today. That night, they were putting projectors up to light up the forest so that they could see the terrorists, when one started to hear people screaming” says Rafiq.

title: Beni Messous massacre


text:
User:Tumbarumba

I have been known to fix spelling mistakes on rare occasions.

My homepage is http://www.exubero.com/

title: User:Tumbarumba


text:
Disconnection Notice

Disconnection Notice is the fifth official album by American punk rock band Goldfinger. This was the band's last album to feature former Ünloco guitarist Brian Arthur; original guitarist Charlie Paulson returned after Arthur's departure.

Release
On July 27, 2004, it was announced that the band's next album would be titled Disconnection Notice; in addition to this, its track listing was posted online. "My Everything" was made available for streaming through the band's website on August 5, 2004. In November 2004, the album was announced for release in February the following year. In addition, "Wasted" was posted on the band's PureVolume profile, before being released to radio on January 25, 2005. On February 1, 2005, the music video for "Wasted" was posted online. In February and March, the group embarked on a US tour with the Start, City Sleeps and Bottom Line. Disconnection Notice was made available for streaming on February 9, 2005, through VH1's website, before being released six days later. "Stalker" was released to radio on May 17, 2005. In September and October 2005, they toured across New Zealand and Australia with Reel Big Fish and the Matches. They opened 2006 with a co-headlining West Coast US tour with Reel Big Fish, dubbed the Deep Freeze Tour; they were supported by Zebrahead and Bottom Line. Guitarist Charlie Paulson, who had left in 2001, re-joined the band for the trek. The band appeared at the Groezrock festival in April 2006.

Track listing
All songs are written by John Feldmann, except for "Wasted" and "Ocean Size" by John Feldmann and Benji Madden.

Personnel

 * John Feldmann – rhythm guitar, lead vocals
 * Brian Arthur – lead guitar
 * Kelly LeMieux – bass
 * Darrin Pfeiffer – drums

title: Disconnection Notice


text:
Talk:Disconnection Notice

Fair use rationale for Image:Disconnection Notice.jpg
Image:Disconnection Notice.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 15:33, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Disconnection Notice. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130322142732/http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=16771 to http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=16771

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:45, 13 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Disconnection Notice. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://music.ign.com/articles/599/599752p1.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120214094413/http://www.nocompromise.org/news/031003a.html to http://www.nocompromise.org/news/031003a.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:16, 11 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Disconnection Notice


text:
Stereo camera

A stereo camera is a type of camera with two or more lenses with a separate image sensor or film frame for each lens. This allows the camera to simulate human binocular vision, and therefore gives it the ability to capture three-dimensional images, a process known as stereo photography. Stereo cameras may be used for making stereoviews and 3D pictures for movies, or for range imaging. The distance between the lenses in a typical stereo camera (the intra-axial distance) is about the distance between one's eyes (known as the intra-ocular distance) and is about 6.35 cm, though a longer base line (greater inter-camera distance) produces more extreme 3-dimensionality.

In the 1950s, stereo cameras gained some popularity with the Stereo Realist and similar cameras that employed 135 film to make stereo slides. 3D pictures following the theory behind stereo cameras can also be made more inexpensively by taking two pictures with the same camera, but moving the camera a few inches either left or right. If the image is edited so that each eye sees a different image, then the image will appear to be 3D. This method has problems with objects moving in the different views, though works well with still life.

Stereo cameras are sometimes mounted in cars to detect the lane's width and the proximity of an object on the road.

Not all two-lens cameras are used for taking stereoscopic photos. A twin-lens reflex camera uses one lens to image to a focusing/composition screen and the other to capture the image on film. These are usually in a vertical configuration. Examples include would be a vintage Rolleiflex or a modern twin lens like a Mamiya C330.

Types of stereo cameras
There have been many types of cameras that take stereo images, most of which are no longer manufactured. The most notable types are:

 * Jules Richard Verascope, 1893.
 * Kodak Stereo Camera – Kodak's own offering in the field of Realist format cameras which actually outsold the Realist during the five years it was available and might have eclipsed it in all time sales had it been introduced prior to the end of 1954.
 * Loreo 3D Lens in a Cap (Hong Kong), an accessory device, which incorporates a pair of small closely spaced lens, and a simple mirror box as an attachment for many modern SLR digital cameras. The latest version has 25mm wider angle lenses. Loreo also makes currently, a cross-view 35mm film only, 3D CAMERA, (model 321) which takes "deeper" stereo images, with a wider mirror system, sold with a folding print viewer included.
 * Nimslo 3D – The first compact consumer level lenticular camera, designed to take 3D prints that are viewable without glasses or special technique. Though it didn't "catch on" and was soon discontinued, it inspired many 3 and 4 lens clones marketed well into the 1990s.
 * RBT – In the modern 3D world, a several thousand dollar RBT camera was made in Germany by rebuilding two 35mm high end cameras into an integrated and unitized stereo camera. RBT announced the discontinuation of the cameras on January 1, 2011.
 * Stereo Realist – The original "Realist Format" camera, first sold in 1947, which inspired many imitators who introduced cameras capable of producing the 5P stereo slides which remain fairly popular to this day.
 * Stereocrafters - Videon – The Videon is a 35mm stereo camera comprising a bakelite-type plastic body with metal top and bottom plates, produced by Stereocrafters of Wisconsin, USA, in the 1950s. It made 16 stereo pairs on 20-exposure 35mm film.
 * View-Master Personal Stereo Camera – Introduced in 1952, this camera allowed individuals to make their own personal View-Master reels, either by using the commercial processing services available at the time or by using the custom cutter and blank reel mounts.
 * Fujifilm FinePix Real 3D W1, a digital stereo camera.
 * Stereolabs:-A 2K Stereo Camera company for Depth Sensing and Spatial AI, Object tracking, positional tracking and spatial analysis

In 2009, 3D technologies experienced a resurgence,  including stereo cameras, with continuing developments in plenoptic camera technologies, as well as the emergence of stereo digital camera products such as the Fujifilm FinePix Real 3D series and the Minoru 3D Webcam.

Since 2014, computer vision developments and increasing embedded GPU computing power have opened up new applications for stereo cameras. These can be used to calculate a depth map through advanced image processing techniques. In April 2015, Intel has revealed a camera that can fit in a smartphone to serve various depth sensing applications such as changing the focus of a photo after it has been taken, 3D scanning and gesture control.

Digital stereo bases (baselines)
There are different cameras with different stereo bases (distances between the two camera lenses) in the nonprofessional market of 3D digital cameras used for stills and video:

 * ? mm Inlife-Handnet HDC-810
 * 10 mm Panasonic 3D Lumix H-FT012 lens (for the GH2, GF2, GF3, GF5, GF6 cams and also for the hybrid W8 cam).
 * 12 mm DXG-5D8 cam and the clones Medion 3D and Praktica DMMC-3D.
 * 15 mm Ararat Macro Beam Splitter for smartphones.
 * 15 mm Hydrogen One Smartphone.
 * 15 mm Lume Pad by Leia Inc.
 * 20 mm Sony Blogie 3D.
 * 23 mm Loreo 3D Macro lens.
 * 25 mm LG Optimus 3D, LG Optimus 3D MAX (smartphones) and the Cyclopital3D close-up macro adapter (for the W1 and W3 Fujifilm cams).
 * 28 mm Sharp Aquos SH80F and SHI12 (smartphones) and the Toshiba Camileo z100 camcorder.
 * 30 mm Panasonic 3D1 camera, Camex 3D cam and LG IC330 (LG Cinema 3D camcorder).
 * 32 mm HTC Evo 3D smartphone.
 * 35 mm JVC TD1, DXG-5G2V, VTech Kidizoom 3D, GoPro HD Hero kit 3D, Nintendo 3D, Vivitar 790 HD (only for anaglyph stills and video), and AEE 3D Magicam.
 * 40 mm Ararat Beam Splitter for smartphones and 3D Aiptec camcorders (Aiptek I2 -also the Viewsonic clone-, Aiptek I2P, Aiptek IS2 and Aiptek IH3 3D cams).
 * 42 mm HOOT 3D VR Camera.
 * 50 mm Loreo for full frame or non digital cams, and the 3D FUN cam of 3dInlife (also the clones Phenix PHC1, Phenix SDC821 and Rollei Powerflex 3D).
 * 55 mm SVP dc-3D-80 cam (parallel & anaglyph, stills & video).
 * 60 mm Vivitar 3D cam (only for anaglyph pictures), Camex3D(World first three-lens digital-3D-cam, 30,60mm bases)LED-light over Centerlens useless-reflexions on centerlens!)
 * 65 mm Takara Tomy 3D ShotCam.
 * 75 mm Fujifilm W3 cam.
 * 77 mm Fujifilm W1 cam.
 * 84 mm Sony Digital Recording Binoculars DEV-50
 * 88 mm Loreo 3D lens for digital cams.
 * 105 mm Ararat13(eBay)-beamsplitter for APS-C(also FF?) and Compactcams. similar Kula3d-Deeper.
 * 120mm Stereolabs ZED2i passive stereocamera. IP66 certified RGBD depth camera with 120 degree FOV and great depth range (from 0.2m to 35m)
 * 140 mm Cyclopital3D base extender for the JVC TD1 and Sony TD10.
 * 200 mm Cyclopital3D base extender for the Panasonic AG-3DA1.
 * 214 mm Cyclopital3D base extender for the Sony Digital Recording Binoculars DEV-50.
 * 225 mm Cyclopital3D base extender for the Fujifilm W1 and W3 cams

Dual cameras
Modern low cost digital cameras, and even DSLR cameras, can be mounted in pairs, with both triggered simultaneously. For nonmoving images this can be done by pressing both camera actuating buttons simultaneously, but this is not sufficiently accurate for moving objects. Certain camera models can accept modified programming from an image chip, and the software to trigger a slave camera from a master has been developed as open source software. A popular example of this technology is in the Samsung Galaxy S4, which allows photo capture simultaneously.

In 2023, the iPhone 15 Pro was announced to be the first iOS device capable of stereoscopic photo and video capture.

Use of one camera and one lens
In late 2012, Samsung announced its NX300 camera. Using just one (optional) lens, this camera can take 2D photos, 3D photos, or Full HD movies, simply by changing the mode. The optional lens is a proprietary, 45mm f/1.8 prime lens. The NX300 has two LCD screens in the optical path which are used to "black out" their respective half of the lens, sending a slightly different image to the sensor.

Another method is used by Sony and Panasonic. With burst captures, the camera should be shifted sideways about 10 centimeters and the camera will choose the two best images with which to create a 3D MPO file. The depth is not as good, but can certainly allow the differentiation of what is in front and what is behind.

Pentax and Kúla 3D have made stereoadapters, sometimes called beamsplitters, for stereoscopic photography with DSLR camera lenses.

title: Stereo camera


text:
User talk:Scottanon

Warned my fist vandal today. Let's see if I come to regret it. Scottanon 05:33, 23 December 2005 (UTC)
 * From the vandalised page on December 23, 2005 "Socttanon is a pedophilic, beastality loving homosexual who plans to rape all dogs to free them from the truth. He is also a proud faggot of the Liberal Party of Canada." I finally get my name in print, and they can't even spell it right.  Oh, well.

Your vandal
I've blocked the most recent one for 24 hours. I also noticed your request for semi protection. I'd like to wait and see if he switches IPs and comes back. If he does, let me know and I'll semi protect both Egale Canada and CBC Newsworld. --GraemeL (talk) 16:07, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks. I have little doubt he will return, but discretion is the better part of valor.  Scottanon 16:12, 24 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Our anon vandal is back. Any change of getting semi protection on CBC Newsworld?  Thanks Scottanon 03:29, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

Substing copyvio
Please see my reply at Template talk:Copyvio. -Splash talk 23:19, 3 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I'll fix it. Scottanon 03:25, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

The Movie Spoiler
I reverted because that site simply repeats the info present in the plot summary present in the article. I didn't really think it was needed for that reason. The Wookieepedian 17:40, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, as long as we're discussing it like this, it's not a revert war. ;) But seriously, the reason the Star Wars Wiki article is allowed to stay is because their take on the films are different, since they're allowed to tell it in-universe, and can give details and features that a general interest encyclopedia like this one does not have. The Wookieepedian 03:59, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

I like The Movie Spoiler. Thanks, Scottanon, for putting the links. I restored the two links and have often put links myself. I use msp.--Patrick 13:59, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

F1 portal featured article
The F1 portal (in which I assume you have some degree of interest, as your name is listed on WikiProject_Formula_One) is intended to have a regular rotation of a 'featured article'. I've swapped a few in and out over the last couple of months, but I think it would be better if there were more of a community attempt at deciding this, proposals, votes, that kind of thing. So - why not pop over to Portal_talk:Formula_One and make a suggestion. Ta. 4u1e 00:36, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

Selected articles on Portal:F1
Hello again.

I dropped notes round a while back to those who have listed themselves at WikiProject_Formula_One to ask for suggestions for selected articles on portal:Formula One. There was a pretty good response, both in terms of how it might work and of articles suggested. Damon Hill came out with the most support and was brought up to Good Article standard after a lot of work by Skully Collins and others before going on as the F1 portal selected article a couple of weeks ago. It is now at Featured Article Candidates as a Featured Article candidate (why not drop by and see if you can help polish it further?).

Several people who responded to the original request suggested that a monthly or bi-weekly 'Selected Article' could act as a catalyst for an improvement drive to get more articles up to a higher standard. Although it wasn't quite what I had in mind when I started, this seemed to work pretty well for the Damon Hill article, so I've drafted up a process for doing this more regularly. See Portal_talk:Formula_One/Management_of_selected_articles for details. Essentially the suggestion is that we vote for an article to improve every couple of weeks and at the end of the improvement process the article goes on the portal as the new 'Selected Article'. I'd be grateful for any comments on how this might work - I'm sure some of you are more familiar with things 'Wiki' than me - as well as your votes for the next candidate (by 16 July).

You may also want to help with the article Gilles Villeneuve, which was the next most popular after Damon Hill. The idea is to try and get it up to GA standard by 16 July and then put it on the portal as the 'Selected Article'. I hope you can help! 4u1e 18:23, 2 July 2006 (UTC)

Permission to use photos
Hey, could you please send the permission you have from Barry Boor to permissions-en@wikimedia.org along with a link to the following three images:
 * Image:SurteesTS7BarryBoor.jpg
 * Image:SurteesTS19BarryBoor.JPG
 * Image:SurteesTS20BarryBoor.JPG

I have listed the images for speedy deletion but once the permission is received they will be undeleted. Yonatan (talk) 14:16, 17 March 2007 (UTC)

Image source problem with Image:BRMLogo.jpg
This is an automated message from a robot. You have recently uploaded Image:BRMLogo.jpg. The file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

As well as adding the source, please add a proper copyright licensing tag if the file doesn't have one already. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the image is copyrighted under a non-free license (per Fair use) then the image will be deleted 48 hours after 22:02, 13 September 2007 (UTC). If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. If you believe you received this message in error, please notify the bot's owner. OsamaKBOT 22:02, 13 September 2007 (UTC)

Paper model article
The paper model article's external links section had become a mini trade directory, complete with edit wars over whose sites were to be included or excluded. Use of external links sections in this way is not allowed, and a sampling of the links provided showed no significant informational content other than being a collection of links to paper model companies. Accordingly, I've now removed all external links. Please do not restore the long list of external links. Instead, please add individual links only if necessary, and ensure that they point to pages with actual informative content on paper modelling, as opposed to simply at the root of a commercial site. -- The Anome (talk) 21:05, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't disagree, but the constant removal without explanation or judgement, especially after the 10th edit, seemed more like vandalism to me then a constructive edit. And I was not the only one reverting the edits.  If I had the time I would have edited the links myself. As it is there is nothing to stop another over long list from being created that will then have to be gone through and cleaned up.  Scottanon (talk) 22:21, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Surteeslogo.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Surteeslogo.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 12:52, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Used Template:Logo rationale to clarify fair use. Deleted dispute tag because it seemed like the proper course.  If this is incorrect let me know.  Thanks Scottanon (talk) 14:02, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Talk:Veritas (constructor)
Another editor has added the  template to the article Talk:Veritas (constructor), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 04:59, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Gladiator
Hi Scottanon - thanks for your careful attentions to Gladiator; before you revert my reversion of your excision, I just thought I'd let you know it was not vandalism; it's verbatim to source (Alison Futrell's sourcebook IIRC). But it's very nice to be read by someone who cares! Best wishes. Haploidavey (talk) 00:53, 25 April 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Talladega Gran Prix Raceway for deletion
A discussion has begun about whether the article Talladega Gran Prix Raceway, which you created or to which you contributed, should be deleted. While contributions are welcome, an article may be deleted if it is inconsistent with Wikipedia policies and guidelines for inclusion, explained in the deletion policy.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Talladega Gran Prix Raceway until a consensus is reached, and you are welcome to contribute to the discussion.

You may edit the article during the discussion, including to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Student7 (talk) 00:57, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

Notification of automated file description generation
Your upload of File:ANfitting.jpg or contribution to its description is noted, and thanks (even if belatedly) for your contribution. In order to help make better use of the media, an attempt has been made by an automated process to identify and add certain information to the media's description page.

This notification is placed on your talk page because a bot has identified you either as the uploader of the file, or as a contributor to its metadata. It would be appreciated if you could carefully review the information the bot added. To opt out of these notifications, please follow the instructions here. Thanks! Message delivered by Theo's Little Bot (opt-out) 11:58, 26 December 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Scottanon


text:
Chronos (character)

Chronos is the name of several supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. These characters take their name from the Greek personification of time and have the ability to time travel. He is the archenemy of the Atom.

Publication history
The David Clinton version of Chronos first appeared in The Atom #3 and was created by Gardner Fox and Gil Kane. In 1974, Chronos was a founding member of the Injustice Gang.

The Walker Gabriel version of Chronos first appeared in Chronos #1 and was created by John Francis Moore and Paul Guinan.

David Clinton
The archenemy of the Atom, Chronos started his career as petty thief David Clinton, who attributed his consistent incarceration to his lack of timing. To improve his timing, he studied the rhythm of time pieces and by practice he learned to synchronize each of his actions with the beat of the prison clock. By the end of his sentence he had developed an extraordinary sense of timing which he resolved to use to further his criminal career. He then adopted the colorful costume and alter ego of Chronos, the Time Thief. Clinton had acquired an unhealthy fascination with time and he developed a series of gimmick weapons and deathtraps based on time pieces (clocks with blades as hands, flying sun dials). He liked to give time related puns, such as "Time is golden!" when spraying golden gas at Green Lantern.

Chronos made his debut in Ivy Town, but was defeated by the Atom when he tried to steal an atomic clock because of an idea ironically given to him by Ray Palmer. He came close to deducing the Atom's secret identity when he realized the Atom attacked him soon after Ray saw him, and succeeded in capturing the Atom and placing him inside a watch. The Atom escaped the watch while Chronos was breaking into a vault, and used a trick to make him think he was wrong. However he escaped from jail by adapting a guard's watch, making the ticks so loud they broke open his cell door. He next tried to steal a collection of historic Hungarian clocks which each had a gem hidden inside, but was again defeated. The Atom has since thwarted all of Chronos' plans. Each appearance or new crime prompted an evolution in Chronos' weaponry. His study of time led to more intricate and revolutionary inventions—lenses that prevent people from seeing certain events (e.g. his getaway vehicle or another specific object), circuitry embedded in his costume that could control the local flow of time, an hourglass of concentrated time that could speed points up briefly and even make bricks next to a bank vault crumble in a few seconds, and ultimately a fully functional time machine (before it and the designs were destroyed). One story suggests that Chronos may have been receiving help from a future version of himself, but it is unknown at what relative time frame that Chronos came from. Another story, published in World's Finest Comics #321 (1985), suggests that Chronos made the transition from a mere thief with a time gimmick to a full-fledged time traveler after becoming acquainted with the mysterious Dr. Fox, a criminal scientist who had never been apprehended and who was described by Chronos as "the greatest mind since Einstein". Pre-Crisis Chronos was a member of the Crime Champions, a trio of Earth-1 villains who teamed up with a trio of Earth-2 villains to commit robberies, then escape to the other world using a vibratory device the Fiddler accidentally discovered. Chronos is able to escape Wonder Woman, Batman and Green Lantern after stealing a million dollars from the Powers City Bank. When the Earth-2 Crime Champions impersonate the Earth-1 Crime Champions, the Icicle impersonates Chronos with the help of the Wizard's Tibetan magic, and fought Batman, Wonder Woman and Green Lantern, making them touch rubber, animal, and glass as part of a spell to trap the JLA. On Earth-2 Chronos tries to steal a rare clock from a lighthouse, and uses his vibratory watch to put Aquaman into a coma, but Superman is able to revive Aquaman and captures Chronos, crushing his watch. The JLA and JSA are captured again and magically placed in cages in space, but with the aid of the Green Lanterns escape and return to Earth. Chronos tries to help the Fiddler find an Earth-3 with his chronological knowledge, but is defeated by the Martian Manhunter and Black Canary.

Chronos eventually stopped stealing for his own gain and began stealing to finance his time research. The Atom had always thwarted Chronos, but he had decided to turn his back on humanity and had retreated to a peaceful seclusion with a group of six-inch tall aliens in the Amazonian jungle. Chronos had more success without the Atom, but he brought himself to the attention of the Blue Beetle. Clinton's niece Angie was Ted Kord's personal secretary, and Chronos used her apartment as a hideout against her wishes.. He also fought the Beetle during Darkseid's anti-hero riots. When Chronos met Kord's Beetle again, it was because he had shunted the entire city of Chicago onto a "time siding" so he could help himself to vast mineral deposits that were there before the city was built. During that struggle against the Beetle, Chronos was hurled 100 million years into the past where he encountered a time-lost Captain Atom. He later met a time traveling Superman who Chronos manipulated into helping him get home.

Upon his return to the present, Chronos was able to use his technology to manipulate the money markets to amass a fortune. Chronos's illegal endeavors were discovered and he was returned to prison. He was freed by the Calendar Man to work with the Time Foes, but was captured by the Teen Titans. Out of desperation and humiliation, Chronos took a drastic chance — he accepted an offer from the demon Neron and exchanged his soul for the metahuman ability to manipulate time. However, Chronos discovered that his abilities accelerated his aging with each use. Clinton's efforts to bypass this flaw - passing his artificial age onto youths with a special glove of his own creation and intercepting other time travelers in an attempt to acquire their technology - brought him briefly into conflict with the Legion of Super-Heroes.

All the experiments and Neron's "gift" had taken a toll on Clinton's body and he began to lose touch with any sense of the "now". He had trouble staying localized in time and appeared to fade away into nothingness. His disappearance was enough for him to be declared dead and speculation has suggested that he may have slipped into "The Void" of time. A funeral of sorts was held and his research was passed on to the second Chronos (Walker Gabriel).

Time travel being what it is, David Clinton's legal death has not meant the end of his presence in the DC universe; he has made several appearances since, such as during the Identity Crisis, when he claimed to have traveled forward from a point in time shortly before his final disappearance. This foreknowledge of his own (suspected) demise led to a somewhat subdued, even morose, demeanor.

In The All-New Atom #12, the wacky Anagram guy that has been testing and helping Atom (Ryan Choi) is revealed to be none other than Chronos himself. In issue #20, he is revealed as the mastermind behind all of the strange occurrences surrounding Ivy Town since the start of the series. His vengeful goal is to destroy everything that Ray Palmer loved.

He's able to do so by joining forces with Lady Chronos, a new companion and lover who once was Jia, Ryan's love interest in their college years. With Jia's intimate knowledge about Ryan, he was able to add a further layer of credibility to his ruse, faking years of correspondence and epistolary friendship between Ryan and Ray Palmer, spurring Ryan to follow in Palmer's footsteps only to disgrace him in the eyes of Ivy Town, shaming the Atom's legacy forever.

With some help from the real Ray Palmer, Ryan is eventually able to overcome the couple, and prevent David and Jia from messing again with Ivy Town. They retreat into the timestream, where they are noticed by Starro who, after being thwarted in his attempts to gain total domination over time by enslaving Rip Hunter and his Time Masters, retaliates by dominating Chronos' and Lady Chronos' minds, using them to travel in time and put Booster Gold against Rip, eradicating the Time Masters.

Post-Flashpoint, David Clinton is an agent of A.R.G.U.S. who specializes in time travel. He was tasked with finding Booster Gold; however, he had apparently failed his mission and was captured by the Outsider of the newly formed Secret Society of Super Villains. Green Arrow discovers him as a captive while pursuing Professor Ivo. Professor Ivo states that the engine that Chronos is stuck in is activated. Chronos causes a temporal neutral field to envelope the manor, causing it to freeze in place throughout time, while the Earth turns - which means that the Earth moves, not the manor. Chronos was eventually rescued by the Justice League of America.

Chronos travels to early-Happy Harbor and intercepts the God of Superheroes, Ahl as he descends to Earth from Final Heaven. Chronos holds him hostage against the Justice League who eventually defeat him.

Walker Gabriel
Walker Gabriel got possession of Clinton's research after his death. He became the second Chronos and was the lead character of a short-lived comic book series published by DC Comics, acting as both a hero and a criminal depending on circumstances, and often running afoul of the Linear Men. He was eventually revealed to be the son of a temporal theorist who had worked with Clinton and created Chronopolis, the city beyond time. The series ran for 12 issues (including a DC One Million crossover numbered 1,000,000) between March 1998 and February 1999, and concluded with Gabriel wiping himself from history, to save his mother's life. The nature of Chronopolis, however, meant he still existed despite not being born. Still, due to an unclear series of events, it appeared in fact two Walker Gabriels existed: one outside of time, one within it, but only up to the point when he removed himself out of it. After that, the timeline streamlined and only the time-traveling Chronos remained. Gabriel had many encounters with members of the Linear Men and also met Destiny of the Endless during this series.

Gabriel briefly appeared in the pages of JSA (2005); there, he was killed by Per Degaton when he was struck by a car a decade before receiving his time-travel powers, but as is the case when Degaton's adventures end in failure, his death was reversed.

Gabriel most recently had a cameo in Superman Beyond 3D #1 as an inhabitant of Limbo.

Powers and abilities
Chronos possesses genius-level intellect and is an expert in hand-to-hand combat.

Equipment
Chronos makes use of clock-themed devices.

Other versions
In JLA/Avengers, Chronos is among the enthralled villains defending Krona's base in #4. He is defeated by the Wasp.

Television

 * The David Clinton incarnation of Chronos appears in the DC Animated Universe (DCAU) series Justice League Unlimited two-part episode "The Once and Future Thing", voiced by Peter MacNicol. This version is a meek physics professor from the future era depicted in Batman Beyond who despite being ostracized by his peers for his theories on time travel, secretly created a time travel belt. Wishing to avoid time paradoxes, he travels through time to collect past artifacts at the points where they would no longer be missed amidst disapproval from his wife, Enid Clinton (voiced by Mindy Sterling), who feels he should be using his belt to improve their lives. However, he attracts the attention of Batman, Wonder Woman, and Green Lantern when he travels to the present to steal one of Batman's utility belts. As the heroes pursue David through time, he grows increasingly unstable and power-hungry and starts calling himself Chronos. After reaching David's home time period, the heroes join forces with Static, Batman II, Batman's future self, and Green Lantern's son Warhawk, but David's actions cause time distortions that erase Wonder Woman and Static from existence. With help from a fearful Enid, the remaining heroes confront David, but he attempts to escape to the beginning of time and rewrite history to make himself a god. Nonetheless, Batman and Green Lantern catch up to him and place a disk into David's belt that undoes his actions and traps him in a time loop of his last argument with Enid before he began time-traveling.
 * The David Clinton incarnation of Chronos appears in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Sword of the Atom!".
 * An original incarnation of Chronos appears in the first season of Legends of Tomorrow, portrayed by Dominic Purcell and Jordan Davis and voiced by Steve Blum. This version is a temporal bounty hunter employed by the Time Masters to capture former member Rip Hunter, who went rogue and formed the Legends to stop Vandal Savage. After several encounters, the Legends later discover Chronos is an older version of Mick Rory / Heat Wave, who they abandoned after he betrayed them and the Time Masters found and brainwashed to help them track the Legends. The Legends eventually defeat, capture, and successfully rehabilitate Rory.
 * The David Clinton incarnation of Chronos appears in Justice League Action, voiced by Andy Richter. This version utilizes various time-based gadgetry, including a wheel-like vehicle, bombs that slow time in a radius around them, and a gauntlet that gives him limited precognition and the ability to create time portals.

Miscellaneous

 * An unidentified Chronos appears in Super Friends #22.
 * An unidentified Chronos appears in Justice League Adventures. A future version of Chronos convinces the Justice League to release his present self from prison after showing them a recording of the former's version of Superman confirming that Chronos has reformed. The Flash and the Atom later learn that Chronos traveled back in time to prevent the death of his brother Bobby, only to threaten the timestream after creating multiple versions of himself over several repeated attempts to change history. In response, the heroes bring Bobby to the present to help Chronos come to terms with his death. After being returned to prison, Chronos is visited by a woman claiming to be his future daughter, who assures him that things will eventually be all right.

title: Chronos (character)


text:
User:LexCorp

Please post questions and comments to the User_talk:LexCorp page

Brief bio
I live in Madrid, Spain. I consider myself a secular humanist, an atheist and generally a person with a rational view of the world. I speak Spanish as a native language and I am quite fluent in English.

Articles Added

 * Physics World
 * Cesare Emiliani
 * Template:Scientist-stub
 * André Juillard
 * Paleoceanography
 * Alexander Agassiz Medal

Full list of my contributions to wikipedia.

Useful links for me
Coordination, Goings-on, Votes for deletion

Goings-on
I agree to release into the public domain all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

title: User:LexCorp


text:
Taldom

Taldom (Та́лдом) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 110 km north of Moscow, on a suburban railway connecting Moscow to Savyolovo. Population:

It was previously known as Taldom (until 1918), Leninsk (until 1929).

History
Taldom was founded in 1677.

20th century
After the October Revolution, using the 2 million rubles received from the "extraordinary one-time tax on property" in March 1918 "for the needs of the Executive Committee," the first passenger car was purchased in Taldom (it was scrapped in the summer of 1918). Using the same funds, in March 1918, the construction of a city power plant began (it began operating in 1923). At the end of April, printing equipment was purchased, and a printing house, a bookbinding workshop, and a bookstore were organized in the "3-story stone building of Klychkova's workshop, rented for 600 rubles per month." On 1 May 1918, the first issue of the newspaper Peasant and Worker was published in this printing house.

By the decision of the Presidium of the Tver Provincial Executive Committee of 3 December 1918, the village of Taldom was renamed the city of Leninsk—the first town to be renamed after Vladimir Lenin (who was still alive then) — and the Taldom volost was renamed Leninskaya. In response to the "petitions of the population" of the volosts of the Tver, Moscow, and Vladimir provinces adjacent to Leninsk and economically connected with the production of footwear, on 15 August 1921, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, a new Leninsky District was formed as part of the Moscow province with its center in the city of Leninsk.

During the years of the civil war and war communism, the shoe trade of the residents of Taldom declined sharply. Only during the New Economic Policy did handicraft shoe production begin to revive, but it did not reach its former scale. As the NEP was winding down, the shoe industry declined again, and by the mid-1930s, it disappeared completely. In 1923, the city was electrified.

In 1929–1930, during the period of district administrative division, Leninsk (Taldom) belonged to Kimrky District of Moscow Obast.

In November 1930, after another reorganization of the administrative division, two districts with the name Leninsky appeared in Moscow Oblast, and Leninsk (Taldom) was renamed Sobtsovsk, in honor of the local "expropriator of expropriators" Nikolai Sobtsov, who was killed in May 1918 during an anti-Bolshevik hunger riot in Taldom. However, the name Sobtsovsk lasted less than six months - the central authorities did not approve it due to the dubiousness of Sobtsov's Bolshevism. In March 1931, the city returned to its historical name, Taldom; the district, accordingly, began to be called Taldomsky.

In 1962, Taldomsky dDstrict was abolished and merged to Dmitrovsky District, but in 1965, it was reestablished.

Heads of the city
The head of the city is also the head of the urban settlement of Taldom.
 * 2005–2013, Grigory Stepanovich Miroshnichenko (United Russia).
 * 08/09/2013–present, Yuri Vitalyevich Zhurkin (Communist Party of the Russian Federation).

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three urban-type settlements (Severny, Verbilki, and Zaprudnya) and a number of rural localities, incorporated as the town of oblast significance of Taldom. As a municipal division, the town of Taldom, together with the same localities, is incorporated as Taldom Urban Okrug.

Administrative and municipal history
Until 2018, Taldom was the center of Taldomsky District. As part of the reform of the administrative and municipal division of Moscow Oblast, Taldomsky District was abolished, and its territory, including the urban-type settlements of Severny, Verbilki, and Zaprudnya, and a number of rural localities, was subordinated to the town of Taldom, which at the same time was elevated to the town of oblast significance. As a municipal division, Taldomsky Municipal District was abolished, and the same territory was incorporated as Taldom Urban Okrug. The formal denomination of the area is since 2018 the town of oblast significance of Taldom with added territory.

Taldom transmitter
Taldom transmitter (переда́тчик Та́лдом) is a large facility for longwave and shortwave broadcasting near Taldom. It transmits on two longwave frequencies, on 153 kHz with 300 kW and on 261 kHz with a power of 2500 kW, the latter is, according to the World Radio TV Handbook's listings, the most powerful broadcasting station in the world. There are two longwave transmissions aerial systems: a single 257 metres tall mast radiator for 153 kHz and a ring antenna system consisting of five masts arranged in a circle around a 275 metre high guyed mast for 261 kHz. The latter antenna delivers good skywave suppression. The shortwave antenna system consists of several masts arranged in a row which are interconnected by cables at various heights.

title: Taldom


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jinty Stewart

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Jinty Stewart
The article reads, in full: "Jinty Stewart (b. 2 January 1955) is a former field hockey international and played in goal for Scotland. Stewart was on the Scottish team from 1974 to 1991." Jinty Stewart receives 14 hits on google. What is the metric for determining qualification of inclusion for international field hockey players of this nature? GRider\talk 22:33, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete, not notable, article as it stands is un-encyclopaedic. Megan1967 05:55, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Did he represent Britain at the Olympic Games? How many internationals did he play? That is the sort of information we need to make a decision. Capitalistroadster 10:23, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. 1974 to 1991 is a long time. Kappa 17:26, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, concur with Megan. Radiant! 09:04, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, just not notable enough. JamesBurns 06:04, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Deputy President of the Board of Trade

The office of Vice-president of the Board of Trade is a junior ministerial position in the government of the United Kingdom at the Board of Trade. The office was created in 1786 but fell into abeyance in 1867. From 1848 onwards, the office was held concurrently with that of Paymaster General. The office of vice-president itself was effectively succeeded by that of Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade but the role is extant.

Notable holders of the office of vice-president include Lord Grenville, William Gladstone, Lord Goderich and the Earl Granville.

In 2020, there was an unusual appointment of a Deputy President of the Board of Trade to assist the President, but the holder remained only an adviser to the Board. This appears to have been a one-off appointment, and this role no longer exists.

Deputy President of the Board of Trade, 2020
At some point on or before 8 June 2020, when it was mentioned in answer to a written parliamentary question, the Board of Trade had begun to be served by a Deputy President, in the person of the backbencher Marcus Fysh MP. This was later mentioned in a press release about updated membership.

title: Deputy President of the Board of Trade