text:
Cohort (statistics)

In statistics, epidemiology, marketing and demography, a cohort is a group of subjects who share a defining characteristic (typically subjects who experienced a common event in a selected time period, such as birth or graduation).

Comparison with period data
Cohort data can oftentimes be more advantageous to demographers than period data. Because cohort data is honed to a specific time period, it is usually more accurate. It is more accurate because it can be tuned to retrieve custom data for a specific study.

In addition, cohort data is not affected by tempo effects, unlike period data. However, cohort data can be disadvantageous in the sense that it can take a long amount of time to collect the data necessary for the cohort study. Another disadvantage of cohort studies is that it can be extremely costly to carry out, since the study will go on for a long period of time, demographers often require sufficient funds to fuel the study.

Demography often contrasts cohort perspectives and period perspectives. For instance, the total cohort fertility rate is an index of the average completed family size for cohorts of women, but since it can only be known for women who have finished child-bearing, it cannot be measured for currently fertile women. It can be calculated as the sum of the cohort's age-specific fertility rates that obtain as it ages through time. In contrast, the total period fertility rate uses current age-specific fertility rates to calculate the completed family size for a notional woman, were she to experience these fertility rates through her life.

Cohort studies
A study on a cohort is a cohort study.

Two important types of cohort studies are:
 * 1) Prospective Cohort Study:  In this type of study, there is a collection of exposure data (baseline data) from the subjects recruited before development of the outcomes of interest. The subjects are then followed through time (future) to record when the subject develops the outcome of interest. Ways to follow-up with subjects of the study include: phone interviews, face-to-face interviews, physical exams, medical/laboratory tests, and mail questionnaires. An example of a prospective cohort study is, for instance, if a demographer wanted to measure all the males born in the year 2018. The demographer would have to wait for the event to be over, the year 2018 must come to an end in order for the demographer to have all the necessary data.
 * 2) Retrospective Cohort Study: Retrospective Studies start with subjects that are at risk to have the outcome or disease of interest and identifies the outcome starting from where the subject is when the study starts to the past of the subject to identify the exposure. Retrospective use records: clinical, educational, birth certificates, death certificates, etc. but that may be difficult because there may not be data for the study that is being initiated. These studies may have multiple exposures which may make this study difficult. On the other hand, an example of a retrospective cohort study is, if a demographer was examining a group of people born in year 1970 who have type 1 diabetes. The demographer would begin by looking at historical data. However, if the demographer was looking at ineffective data in attempts to deduce the source of type 1 diabetes, the demographers results would not be accurate.

title: Cohort (statistics)


text:
Talk:Kamov Ka-226

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Ka-226 in Syrian use
In the film claimed as a proof there are Ka-226 in Syrian service there are only Mi-8 helicopters. 83.8.83.60 (talk) 21:28, 17 November 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Kamov Ka-226


text:
User:Ekem

Musings

 * If the accumulated wealth of inventions and generational improvements is considered a human heritage and treated as such, perhaps every person on this earth could have decent housing, food, and basic health care.
 * Wikipedia is a part of this human heritage.
 * So is sci-hub.

 * There are human rights and human debts. We do not hear much about the latter: They have been called the primordial debts.
 * A patent (copyright?) is "a device that enables one man to claim special financial rewards for being the last link in the complicated social process that produced the invention". Lewis Mumford
 * "Corporations are people" - Mitt Romney : - No, they are not. Andrew Jackson already knew this. According to the historian Harry Watson, "The problem with corporations as far as Jackson was concerned was they had no body to be kicked or soul to be damned."
 * "Claimed research findings may often simply be accurate measures of the prevailing bias" - John P. A. Ioannidis.
 * "Justice? – You get justice in the next world, in this world you have the law." - A Frolic of His Own by William Gaddis, or in a paraphrase by Eric Schmidt: The laws are written by lobbyists.
 * "The politician has to convince the people that all problems are "social" problems to be able to enslave them." Escolios a un texto implicito: Seleccion by Nicolás Gómez Dávila
 * "Each new generation born is in effect an invasion of civilization by little barbarians." - Thomas Sowell
 * "Never argue with stupid People, they will drag you down to their level and then beat you with experience." - Mark Twain

 * Regarding my entries
 * Apologies to the longsuffering correctors of my typos and misspellings.
 * I can be wrong.
 * Never underestimate the intelligence of the reader.
 * Removal of information is censorship.
 * References

Expanded articles
Major expansion or removal of stub status

Biochemistry/Physiology

 * 1) Androgen binding protein
 * 2) Anti-müllerian hormone
 * 3) CFTR
 * 4) DEHP
 * 5) Dehydroepiandrosterone
 * 6) Estradiol
 * 7) Follicle-stimulating hormone
 * 8) GnRH
 * 9) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog
 * 10) Luteinizing hormone
 * 11) Menstrual cycle
 * 12) Müllerian duct
 * 13) Progesterone
 * 14) Steroid hormone receptor
 * 15) Wolffian duct
 * 16) Xenoestrogen

Books

 * 1) A Bend in the River
 * 2) A Frolic of His Own
 * 3) Congo: The Epic History of a People
 * 4) Cutting for Stone
 * 5) Darconville's Cat
 * 6) King, Queen, Knave
 * 7) Laura Warholic
 * 8) Mulligan Stew (novel)
 * 9) On the Road
 * 10) The Recognitions
 * 11) Speak, Memory, DYK
 * 12) The Gift (Nabokov novel), DYK

Medicine

 * 1) Amenorrhea
 * 2) Assisted conception
 * 3) Azoospermia, DYK
 * 4) Caesarean section
 * 5) Cord prolapse
 * 6) Dalkon Shield
 * 7) Ectopic pregnancy
 * 8) Endometriosis
 * 9) Endoscopy
 * 10) Evidence-based medicine
 * 11) Gamete intrafallopian transfer
 * 12) Gynecologic hemorrhage
 * 13) Hydrosalpinx, DYK
 * 14) Incidentaloma
 * 15) Infertility
 * 16) IVF
 * 17) Maffucci syndrome
 * 18) Maternal death
 * 19) Menotropin
 * 20) Miscarriage
 * 21) Multiple birth
 * 22) Needlestick injury
 * 23) Ovarian cancer
 * 24) PGD
 * 25) Pregnancy test
 * 26) Preterm birth
 * 27) Polycystic ovary syndrome
 * 28) Rho(D) Immune Globulin
 * 29) Tuboplasty
 * 30) Uterus didelphys
 * 31) Vulvodynia

People

 * 1) Ricardo Asch
 * 2) Karl Ernst von Baer
 * 3) Étienne-Émile Baulieu, DYK
 * 4) Stanley S. Bergen Jr.
 * 5) John Block (filmmaker)
 * 6) Henry IV of Castile
 * 7) Isabella of Castile
 * 8) Juan of Aragon
 * 9) Juana of Castile
 * 10) Gala Dali
 * 11) Robert Latou Dickinson
 * 12) Catherine D'lish
 * 13) Lei Feng
 * 14) Henry Gauthier-Villars
 * 15) Ryke Geerd Hamer
 * 16) Pamela Harriman
 * 17) Leland Hayward
 * 18) Ronald Lauder
 * 19) Vera Nabokov
 * 20) George Papanicolaou
 * 21) Gunther Plüschow
 * 22) Radama II
 * 23) Ranavalona I
 * 24) James Young Simpson
 * 25) Alexander Skene
 * 26) Patrick Steptoe
 * 27) Margaret Sullavan
 * 28) Hector Trujillo
 * 29) Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus
 * 30) Caspar Friedrich Wolff

Railways

 * 1) Deutsche Bundesbahn
 * 2) Empresa de Ferrocarriles Ecuatorianos, DYK
 * 3) RITES Ltd.
 * 4) Slovenske zeleznice
 * 5) TAZARA
 * 6) Transcontinental railway

Other

 * 1) Cajas National Park
 * 2) Castel Group
 * 3) Crispiness
 * 4) Fertility and Sterility
 * 5) Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty
 * 6) Holy Tunic
 * 7) The Last Mistress
 * 8) List of deaf people
 * 9) List of people with visual disabilities; restored as List of blind people
 * 10) List of women who died in childbirth
 * 11) Meissen porcelain
 * 12) Philatelic fakes and forgeries
 * 13) Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I
 * 14) Prop gun
 * 15) The Raptor Trust
 * 16) Recreation
 * 17) Reichspost
 * 18) Signs and Symbols
 * 19) Unintentional humor
 * 20) Yarlung Tsangpo Canyon

Initiated

Arts & Literature

 * 1) Bachmann (short story)
 * 2) Bermuda Maritime Museum, DYK
 * 3) Calvin Berger
 * 4) Cathedral of Guatemala City
 * 5) Chamber of Art and Curiosities, DYK
 * 6) The Dinner (novel)
 * 7) Drunk Enough to Say I Love You?
 * 8) Dominick Dunne's Power, Privilege, and Justice
 * 9) Empress Bianca
 * 10) The Fight (book)
 * 11) Maternal mortality in fiction
 * 12) Mitsou (novella)
 * 13) Nabokov's Butterflies
 * 14) Nabokov's Quartet
 * 15) Nasser Asphalt
 * 16) National Museum of China
 * 17) A Nursery Tale
 * 18) Opening sentence, DYK
 * 19) Rio das Mortes (film)
 * 20) Silent Night (opera)
 * 21) Spring in Fialta
 * 22) Statue of Ramesses II (Mit Rahina), DYK
 * 23) The Aurelian
 * 24) The Battle (Patrick Rimbaud novel), DYK
 * 25) The Enchanter, DYK
 * 26) The First Emperor, DYK
 * 27) The Fox on the Fairway
 * 28) The Leonardo
 * 29) The Mennello Museum of American Art
 * 30) The Retreat (Patrick Rambaud novel)
 * 31) The Return of Chorb
 * 32) The Scene (play)
 * 33) Terra Incognita (short story)
 * 34) Theater St. Gallen, DYK
 * 35) Tiefland (movie), DYK
 * 36) Tiffany Chapel
 * 37) Too Much Money
 * 38) Tyrants Destroyed and Other Stories
 * 39) The Waltz Invention
 * 40) Zsolnay, DYK

Biochemistry/Physiology

 * 1) Activin
 * 2) Adjudin
 * 3) Androgen receptor
 * 4) Aromatase
 * 5) Decidua, DYK
 * 6) Efferent ducts
 * 7) Endoglin
 * 8) Endosulfan
 * 9) Estrus cycle
 * 10) Danazol
 * 11) Human placental lactogen
 * 12) FSH-receptor, DYK
 * 13) Gestrinone, DYK
 * 14) Glucocorticoid receptor
 * 15) GnRH agonist
 * 16) GnRH antagonist
 * 17) 17-hydroxypregnenolone
 * 18) 17-hydroxyprogesterone
 * 19) Inhibin
 * 20) IT-101
 * 21) Letrozole
 * 22) LHCG receptor
 * 23) List of homologues of the human reproductive system
 * 24) Lovaxin C
 * 25) Methoxychlor, DYK
 * 26) 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor
 * 27) Myometrium
 * 28) Muscarinic receptor agonist
 * 29) Necrobiome
 * 30) Perfluorinated alkylated substances
 * 31) Periplocin
 * 32) Pregnenolone
 * 33) Progesterone receptor
 * 34) Relaxin
 * 35) Selective progesterone receptor modulator
 * 36) Sex hormone binding globulin
 * 37) Stigma (anatomy)
 * 38) Toxicity Class, DYK

Companies

 * 1) Atlantic Health System
 * 2) Automobilwerk Eisenach, DYK
 * 3) Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 * 4) Arena Pharmaceuticals
 * 5) Bermuda Public Transportation Board, DYK
 * 6) Bracongo
 * 7) Cambridge Analytica
 * 8) Calanda Bräu
 * 9) KPS Capital Partners
 * 10) Center for Health Transformation
 * 11) Ferring Pharmaceuticals
 * 12) Fund for the Defense of Net Neutrality
 * 13) Jehmlich Orgelbau Dresden
 * 14) KV Pharmaceutical
 * 15) Napp Pharmaceuticals
 * 16) OncoTherm
 * 17) Ortho-McNeil-Janssen
 * 18) Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
 * 19) SCL Group
 * 20) Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
 * 21) Swaziland Beverages Ltd, now Eswatini Beverages Ltd
 * 22) TauRx Therapeutics
 * 23) Transit Film GmbH

Geography

 * 1) Andernach
 * 2) Apshawa Preserve
 * 3) Arenenberg
 * 4) Baćina lakes
 * 5) Black River County Park
 * 6) Burg Pfalzgrafenstein, DYK
 * 7) Chardonnay, Saône-et-Loire
 * 8) Col de la Traversette
 * 9) Denisova Cave
 * 10) Duke Farms, DYK
 * 11) Düssel
 * 12) Ehrenbreitstein
 * 13) Farrington Lake
 * 14) Former UNESCO World Heritage Sites
 * 15) Fortifications of Kotor, DYK
 * 16) Ghardimaou
 * 17) Great North Road (Africa)
 * 18) Great North Road (Australia)
 * 19) Island of Mozambique
 * 20) Javorniki
 * 21) Josephina (road)
 * 22) Kapiri Mposhi
 * 23) Kotal-e Salang
 * 24) Kuntsevo
 * 25) La Recolección Architectural Complex
 * 26) Lord Stirling Park
 * 27) Middle Brook, New Jersey
 * 28) Montségur
 * 29) Nacala
 * 30) Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor, DYK
 * 31) New River (Belize)
 * 32) Nkamba
 * 33) Postojna Gate, DYK
 * 34) Punta Gorda River
 * 35) Punta Sur
 * 36) Purbung
 * 37) Rio Brito
 * 38) Saalburg
 * 39) Salang tunnel
 * 40) San Carlos River (Costa Rica)
 * 41) Schenkenschanz
 * 42) Seerenbach Falls
 * 43) Sibambe
 * 44) Sidoarjo mud flow
 * 45) Veste Oberhaus
 * 46) Wanamaker, Pennsylvania
 * 47) Washington Rock State Park
 * 48) Washington Valley Park
 * 49) Wupper
 * 50) Zika Forest

History

 * 1) 162nd Turkoman Division
 * 2) 1773 Guatemala earthquake
 * 2,500 year celebration of Iran's monarchy, DYK
 * 1) Allied High Commission
 * 2) Battle of Bound Brook
 * 3) Bombings of Switzerland in World War II, DYK
 * 4) Caesar's Rhine bridges, DYK
 * 5) Camp Greyhound
 * 6) Juan de Cartageña
 * 7) Claustra Alpium Iuliarum, DYK
 * 8) European Advisory Commission
 * 9) Fair of Peace and Fraternity of the Free World, DYK
 * 10) Fort Dimanche
 * 11) Franco-Hova War, DYK
 * 12) Gugler, DYK
 * 13) Here I Stand (book)
 * 14) International Eugenics Conference, DYK
 * 15) London Somalia Conference
 * 16) Massacre at Béziers
 * 17) Middlebrook encampment, DYK
 * 18) New York-New Jersey Line War, DYK
 * 19) Partant pour la Syrie
 * 20) Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
 * 21) Red Heat. Conspiracy, Murder, and the Cold War in the Caribbean
 * 22) Revolt of the comuneros, DYK
 * 23) Revolt of the comuneros (Paraguay)
 * 24) Revolt of the comuneros (New Granada)
 * 25) Servicio de Inteligencia Militar
 * 26) Siege of Drepana
 * 27) Siege of Mahdia, DYK
 * 28) Siege of Montségur
 * 29) Timeline of Magellan's circumnavigation
 * 30) Victims of Yalta

Medicine

 * 1) Abdominal pregnancy, DYK
 * 2) Adenomyosis
 * 3) Anovulatory cycle
 * 4) ART
 * 5) Arrhenoblastoma
 * 6) Asepsis
 * 7) Asherman's syndrome
 * 8) Atriocaval shunt
 * 9) Benign acute childhood myositis
 * 10) Caesarean delivery on maternal request, DYK
 * 11) Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome
 * 12) Cephalic presentation
 * 13) Cryptomenorrhea
 * 14) Egg donor
 * 15) Elective caesarean section
 * 16) Embryo transfer
 * 17) Epoophoron
 * 18) Estrogen insensitivity syndrome
 * 19) Extramammary Paget's disease
 * 20) Factor VII deficiency
 * 21) Factor X deficiency
 * 22) Factor XII deficiency
 * 23) Falloposcopy
 * 24) Fallopian tube cancer, DYK
 * 25) Fertility medication
 * 26) Fetoscopy
 * 27) Gastric balloon
 * 28) Gestational carrier
 * 29) Gynecologic ultrasonography
 * 30) Hepatitis B immune globulin
 * 31) Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction
 * 32) Hysterosalpingography
 * 33) Hysteroscopy
 * 34) Immunization during pregnancy
 * 35) Informed refusal
 * 36) Interstitial pregnancy, DYK
 * 37) Kennedy disease
 * 38) List of vaccine ingredients
 * 39) Lymphocele
 * 40) Male breast cancer, DYK
 * 41) Melanocytoma
 * 42) Myomectomy
 * 43) Mixed gonadal dysgenesis
 * 44) Mullerian agenesis
 * 45) Obstetrical hemorrhage
 * 46) Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
 * 47) Ovarian pregnancy, DYK
 * 48) Ovarian reserve
 * 49) Pelvimetry
 * 50) Pergonal
 * 51) Perinatal mortality
 * 52) Postcoital test
 * 53) Preventive mastectomy
 * 54) Reproductive endocrinology
 * 55) Salpingectomy
 * 56) Sebelipase alfa
 * 57) Shoulder presentation, DYK
 * 58) Spinnbarkeit
 * 59) Third party reproduction
 * 60) Trendelenburg position
 * 61) Tuboplasty
 * 62) Unicornuate uterus
 * 63) Urinoma
 * 64) Uterine clear cell carcinoma
 * 65) Uterine fibroids
 * 66) Uterine incarceration
 * 67) Uterine malformation
 * 68) Uterine papillary serous carcinoma
 * 69) Uterine polyp
 * 70) Uterine rupture
 * 71) Uterine sarcoma
 * 72) Uterine septum
 * 73) Vaginal septum
 * 74) Vulvar cancer, DYK
 * 75) X-linked ichthyosis
 * 76) XX gonadal dysgenesis
 * 77) Zygote intrafallopian transfer

People

 * 1) Numan Acar
 * 2) Dan Agin
 * 3) Aburizal Bakrie
 * 4) Rebecca Berg (journalist)
 * 5) Asia Bibi
 * 6) Blanca of Navarre (daughter of Garcia VI)
 * 7) William Burden (singer)
 * 8) Rudi Carrell
 * 9) Peter Chamberlen
 * 10) Bernard Diederich
 * 11) Sir Richard Croft, 6th Baronet
 * 12) Paul Dahlke (Buddhist)
 * 13) Kenneth Dart
 * 14) Dominick Dunne
 * 15) Robert Geoffrey Edwards
 * 16) Karl-Axel Ekbom
 * 17) Enguerrand I, Lord of Coucy
 * 18) Klaus Fiedler
 * 19) Friedrich Karl Flick
 * 20) Otto-Ernst Flick
 * 21) Georges Fouré
 * 22) Hans Frangenheim
 * 23) Johann Carl Fuhlrott
 * 24) Jesús Galíndez
 * 25) Carl Axel Gemzell
 * 26) Peter S. Goodman
 * 27) Joseph Green (merchant)
 * 28) Guilhabert de Castres
 * 29) Roger Guillemin
 * 30) Axel Haverich
 * 31) Willet M. Hays
 * 32) David Heimbach
 * 33) Harriet Howard, DYK
 * 34) Ibrahim Jathran
 * 35) Robert A. Kehoe
 * 36) Kim Hyok-chol
 * 37) María Manuela Kirkpatrick
 * 38) Detlef Kleuker
 * 39) Harry Klinefelter
 * 40) Jost Kobusch
 * 41) Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
 * 42) E. Stanley Kroenke
 * 43) Joseph-François Lambert, DYK
 * 44) Prince Louis Ferdinand II of Prussia
 * 45) Lantian Man, DYK
 * 46) Marina, Princess of Naples
 * 47) Ivan Fedorovich Nikishov
 * 48) Paoul Palmer
 * 49) Francisco Pradilla Ortiz, DYK
 * 50) George T. Pack
 * 51) Carsten Podlesch
 * 52) N. C. Paul
 * 53) Ralph Pomeroy
 * 54) Raymond de Péreille
 * 55) Guido Rasi
 * 56) Ernst Reuter, DYK
 * 57) Eslanda Goode Robeson, DYK
 * 58) Brian Hubert Robertson
 * 59) Odile Rodin
 * 60) Guy de Rothschild, DYK
 * 61) Schmid
 * 62) Else Lasker-Schüler
 * 63) John A. Sampson
 * 64) Francesco Schettino
 * 65) Josef Schuster
 * 66) Abd El Aziz Seif-Eldeen
 * 67) Kurt Semm
 * 68) J. Marion Sims
 * 69) Michael Skakel
 * 70) William Smellie (obstetrician)
 * 71) Boris Smyslovsky
 * 72) Johnny Sutton
 * 73) Lawson Tait
 * 74) Thom Thomas
 * 75) Thomas C. Wales
 * 76) Thomas, Lord of Coucy
 * 77) Walton family
 * 78) James "Bud" Walton
 * 79) Robert Wiedersheim
 * 80) Peter Winter (philately)
 * 81) John Woodcock (magistrate)
 * 82) Yuanmou Man
 * 83) Vilmos Zsolnay

Philately

 * 1) Deutsche Bundespost Berlin
 * 2) Deutsche Post of the GDR
 * 3) Germania (stamp)
 * 4) German post offices abroad
 * 5) List of stamp forgers
 * 6) Postage stamps and postal history of the German colonies
 * 7) Postage stamps and postal history of Germany, DYK
 * 8) Vineta provisional

Railways

 * 1) 2014 Katanga train derailment
 * 2) Bahnmuseum Albula
 * 3) Beira railroad corporation
 * 4) Benguela railway
 * 5) Botswana Railways
 * 6) Cape-Cairo railway
 * 7) Egyptian National Railways, DYK
 * 8) Ethio-Djibouti Railways
 * 9) Islamic Republic of Iran Railways, DYK
 * 10) Kazakhstan Temir Zholy, DYK
 * 11) Kenya Railways Corporation, DYK
 * 12) Luanda Railway
 * 13) Mitropa
 * 14) Mozambique Ports and Railways
 * 15) National Railways of Zimbabwe
 * 16) Rift Valley Railways Consortium
 * 17) Shanghai–Hangzhou High-Speed Railway
 * 18) Swazi Rail
 * 19) Tanzania Railways Corporation
 * 20) TransNamib
 * 21) Tunisian Railways, DYK
 * 22) Uganda Railways Corporation
 * 23) Wanamaker, Kempton & Southern
 * 24) Zambia Railways Limited

Things nautical

 * 1) Royal Bermuda Yacht Club
 * 2) La Dauphine, DYK
 * 3) SS Dzhurma, DYK
 * 4) Guayas (ship), DYK
 * 5) List of ships attacked by Somali pirates in 2012
 * 6) São Gabriel (ship), DYK
 * 7) MV Morning Glory
 * 8) SPS Patiño A14
 * 9) SS Indigirka, DYK
 * 10) MV Izumi, DYK
 * 11) MV Irene SL
 * 12) Navis lusoria, DYK
 * 13) MV York, DYK
 * 14) Portsmouth Naval Prison, DYK
 * 15) RV Vema, DYK

Other

 * 1) 2010 Salang avalanches
 * 2) 2011 Nairobi pipeline fire
 * 3) 2015 Brazilian drought
 * 4) 2015 Caribbean drought
 * 5) 2017 Ciudad del Este robbery
 * 6) 2017 Kalynivka ammunition depot explosion
 * 7) 2019 measles outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * 8) 2020 China floods
 * 9) Advisory Committee of U.S. Attorneys
 * 10) Aliso Canyon gas leak
 * 11) April 2007 Nor'easter
 * 12) Aquarium fishery
 * 13) ASRM
 * 14) Avunculicide
 * 15) Beni Sweif Cultural Palace Fire
 * 16) Bird trapping, DYK
 * 17) Blue Heron Farm
 * 18) Bureau 121
 * 19) Cajas Water Mouse
 * 20) Costumbrista
 * 21) Creole marble
 * 22) Crop desiccation
 * 23) Cultivator No. 6
 * 24) Deadly Medicines and Organised Crime
 * 25) Duke Farms, DYK
 * 26) East County Park (New Jersey)
 * 27) Enlist Weed Control System
 * 28) Etowah marble
 * 29) Falcon Lair
 * 30) Fischer-Chöre
 * 31) Former Residence of Soong Ching-ling
 * 32) Fun
 * 33) Gift card, DYK
 * 34) Griftopia, DYK
 * 35) Health Care for America Now
 * 36) Helix Producer 1
 * 37) Heredity Commission
 * 38) Hochmoselbrücke, DYK
 * 39) The Evolution of Beauty: How Darwin’s Forgotten Theory of Mate Choice Shapes the Animal World — and Us
 * 40) Internet Security Essentials
 * 41) The Invisibles (movie)
 * 42) Jack Warner Estate
 * 43) Khmeimim Air Base
 * 44) List of invasive plant species in New Jersey
 * 45) Luke 5
 * 46) Miami Auto Museum at the Dezer Collection
 * 47) Mitropa Rally Cup
 * 48) Motor-paced racing, DYK
 * 49) New York City's YMCA Camp
 * 50) Nicaraguan Canal and Development Project
 * 51) Notre-Dame des Neiges, L'Alpe d'Huez
 * 52) The North Africa Post
 * 53) Oil production in ISIL
 * 54) Opera Omnia Leonhard Euler
 * 55) Operation Broken Trust, DYK
 * 56) Persecution of albinos, DYK
 * 57) Pernil
 * 58) Playboy (lifestyle), DYK
 * 59) Skillman Park
 * 60) Small house movement
 * 61) Stayer (horse)
 * 62) Supercapitalism: The Transformation of Business, Democracy, and Everyday Life
 * 63) Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
 * 64) UCI Motor-paced World Championships
 * 65) Waddell Buddhist temple shooting
 * 66) Wentworth by the Sea
 * 67) Weeping Beech
 * 68) Weeping tree
 * 69) Wood ash

Translated from German/ Dutch/ French/ Italian/ Spanish

 * 1) Anui River
 * 2) Arenenberg
 * 3) Béké
 * 4) Bugaled Breizh, DYK
 * 5) Carles Buigas
 * 6) Cini Foundation, DYK
 * 7) Conrad I of Württemberg
 * 8) Karl Hermann Martell
 * 9) Paula Modersohn-Becker
 * 10) Petersberg agreement
 * 11) Petersberg near Bonn, DYK
 * 12) Schloss Burg, DYK
 * 13) Anna Führing
 * 14) August Thyssen
 * 15) Heinrich Thyssen
 * 16) Ruth Weiss (journalist)
 * 17) Métro léger de Tunis, DYK
 * 18) Société des transports de Tunis
 * 19) Mario Szenessy
 * 20) Stuyvenberg Castle
 * 21) Tax affair in Germany 2008, DYK
 * 22) Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG
 * 23) Giuseppe Becce
 * 24) Michael Jary
 * 25) Laura Dekker

List
The current list is here: User:Ekem/DYK with 109 entries.

Images

 * Starting in 2007 I have been placing pictures to the Commons.
 * user:ekem/images
 * user:ekem/images05
 * user:ekem/images06
 * user:ekem/images07
 * user:ekem/images08
 * user:ekem/images/art

title: User:Ekem


text: User talk:64.4.104.88

title: User talk:64.4.104.88


text:
User:Zody@5.1

i need less to say dont care so leave me alone!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*********************************************************************

title: User:Zody@5.1


text:
User talk:82.43.137.103

Nomination of Brendon Fearon for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Brendon Fearon is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Brendon Fearon until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. JeffUK (talk) 21:18, 28 June 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:82.43.137.103


text:
Von Behring (crater)

von Behring is a small lunar impact crater that is located in the eastern part of the Moon. It lies north-northeast of the larger Kapteyn and is to the northwest of La Pérouse. The crater is circular and symmetrical, with an outer rim that is only lightly eroded. There is a small central peak at the midpoint of the interior floor.

The crater was formerly designated Maclaurin F before being renamed by the IAU in 1979.

title: Von Behring (crater)


text:
User talk:Zody@5.1

When you get something for free, you get what you pay for!!! That means if you don't use what you get for free, it won't do you any good. But sometimes it is nice to have a library your friends and family can use, even if they don't always use it. that is todays artical of the day so remember you only get one day like today !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! loves ya zody @5.1

title: User talk:Zody@5.1


text:
Suzanna Hamilton

Suzanna Hamilton (born February 8, 1960) is an English actress, notable for playing the role of Julia in the 1984 film adaptation of George Orwell's classic novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four, as well as other film roles including Tess (1979), Brimstone and Treacle (1982), Wetherby (1985), and Out of Africa (1985). She has had numerous television roles such as the ITV drama Wish Me Luck (1988), the BBC medical drama Casualty (1993–94), and the STV drama McCallum (1995–97).

Early career
Hamilton was born in London on 8 February 1960. In 1973, Hamilton received acting training at the Anna Scher Theatre School in Islington. She was a student at the Central School of Speech and Drama in Swiss Cottage, Camden. She became a protégée of filmmaker Claude Whatham, who discovered her in a children's experimental theatre in North London in the early 1970s.

In 1974, she appeared in her first feature film, the Whatham-directed Swallows and Amazons. Billed as Zanna Hamilton, she was cast as Susan Walker, one of four young siblings collectively known as "the Swallows", who go on a camping and sailing holiday in the Lake District during the summer of 1929. Whatham later directed Hamilton as Princess Alice in the BBC miniseries, Disraeli (1978).

For her first appearance in a big-budget film, Hamilton played Izz Huett, the lovesick dairymaid, in the Roman Polanski film Tess (1979), based on Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, which starred Nastassja Kinski in the title role. She also appeared as one of the boarding school girls who organise a strike against the Ministry of Education in The Wildcats of St. Trinian's (1980).

Hamilton's next significant role was in the Richard Loncraine film Brimstone & Treacle (1982), based on Dennis Potter's play of the same name. Hamilton starred as Patricia Bates, the traumatised, catatonic daughter of a devoutly religious, middle aged Home Counties couple (Denholm Elliott and Joan Plowright) whose lives are changed by a demonic drifter and con man who calls himself Martin Taylor, played by Sting. The following year, Suzanna Hamilton was featured in BBC-TV's paranormal mystery, A Pattern of Roses, with Helena Bonham Carter.

Hamilton was a member of the BBC's Radio Drama Company.

Nineteen Eighty-Four
Hamilton was cast as Julia opposite John Hurt as Winston Smith in the Michael Radford film Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984), based on the eponymous George Orwell dystopian novel. She obtained the role through the casting agency of the Anna Scher Theatre School. She was one of the school's earliest alumni, and the theatre is acknowledged in the film's closing credits. This performance raised her profile as a film actress and attracted critical praise, particularly from Vincent Canby in The New York Times. However, her work was largely overshadowed by the death of fellow cast member Richard Burton, who delivered his final screen performance in the role of O'Brien, as well as by post-release controversy over the film's musical score.

Later television and film appearances
In 1985, Hamilton starred in British playwright David Hare's film Wetherby, opposite Vanessa Redgrave. Her next role was as Felicity in Sydney Pollack's Academy Award-winning Out of Africa, based on the memoirs of the Danish writer Isak Dinesen, and starring Meryl Streep, Robert Redford and Klaus Maria Brandauer.

By the latter half of the decade, the majority of her screen roles were in obscure European films made in exotic locations as well as numerous British television dramas. In the 1986 German film, Devil's Paradise (1987 film), which was shot in Thailand and loosely based on Joseph Conrad's 1915 novel Victory, Hamilton was cast as a saxophonist in an all-woman band touring seedy hotels and nightclubs in Southeast Asia. Her character, Julie, escapes a life of sexual slavery by fleeing with an eccentric German adventurer, played by Jürgen Prochnow, and the two of them take refuge on an island near Indonesia, which is already populated by a savage native warrior tribe. Also in 1986, Hamilton starred in the well-received television drama Johnny Bull, a film developed at the National Playwrights' Conference of the Eugene O'Neill Theatre Center and filmed in Tennessee. In this film, a period piece set in the mid-1940s just after VE Day, she was cast as Iris Kovacs, a lighthearted Cockney bride who travels to rural Pennsylvania to live with her new American G.I. husband (Peter MacNicol) and his working class Hungarian-immigrant coal-mining family; Colleen Dewhurst and Kathy Bates starred in supporting roles. That same year, Hamilton appeared as Emily Barkstone in Hold the Dream, the second of the three BBC miniseries based on Barbara Taylor Bradford's popular "Emma Harte" novels about the fortunes of a retail empire and the machinations of the business élite across three generations.

In 1987, she played the spirited but careless Anglo-French SOE spy, Matty Firman, in Wish Me Luck — an LWT miniseries, this one set in occupied France during World War II. In 1988, she appeared opposite Jon Finch in another low-budget German film, a short called The Voice, about six people who are held captive overnight on a floating discothèque. In 1989, she starred as the inscrutable femme fatale Anna Raven in the BBC miniseries of Never Come Back, a noirish conspiracy thriller based on the celebrated 1941 novel by John Mair, which takes place on the eve of the London Blitz during the so-called "Phoney War" of 1939–40. Hamilton also acted in the 1990 British television film, Small Zones, as a strong-willed Russian poet whose subversive writings have led to her indefinite imprisonment in a Soviet holding cell. In 1991, she appeared as Amelia, one of the five daughters placed under house arrest by their domineering mother, in the BBC adaptation of Spanish poet Federico García Lorca's play The House of Bernarda Alba; Glenda Jackson starred in the title role. She also had a supporting role in a 1992 TV film of Barbara Cartland's Regency-period bodice-ripper, Duel of Hearts.

Her next commercial film role was in a low-budget Gothic horror romance, Tale of a Vampire (1992), written and directed by a 27-year-old Anglo-Japanese film student, Shimako Sato. Hamilton made a dual appearance: first as Anne, a librarian in present-day London grieving the untimely death of her boyfriend; then as Anne's 19th century doppelgänger, Virginia Clemm, the real-life wife of Edgar Allan Poe—who, in the film, also happens to be the long-lost mistress of a lonely, centuries-old vampire played by Julian Sands. In 1993, she had a recurring role as Dr. Karen Goodliffe on the British TV hospital drama series, Casualty. In 1995, she appeared as John Hannah's love interest, Joanna Sparks, on the ITV crime series, McCallum.

In 1997, she appeared in The Island on Bird Street, a Danish period drama made in the Dogme 95 style, about an 11-year-old Jewish boy who hides from the Nazis in occupied Poland during World War II before he is reunited with his father. In this film, Hamilton had a brief cameo as the mother of a girl whom the boy befriends. More recently, she appeared as Vivienne in the 2005 short film, Benjamin's Struggle, described as "a compelling story set in 1930s Nazi Germany, about a nine-year-old Jewish boy who attempts to steal the original manuscript of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf, believing that it will topple the Third Reich and end the suffering of his family". In 2006, she appeared as Helen Gillespie in the ITV series, Jane Hall. In 2007, she appeared as Dr. Hillary Slayton in the children's television series, Dinosapien, which is filmed on location in southern Alberta, Canada. In 2015 she played "Barbara" in the BBC drama Doctors and in 2017 she played "Sarah" in the BBC series The Cuckoo's Calling.

Theatre
Hamilton is an accomplished theatre and radio actress. She made her first West End appearance on the London stage in 1982 as part of the original cast production of Tom Stoppard's play, The Real Thing. In 1993, she played the lead as a Welsh maid in the Bush Theatre's production of Lucinda Coxon's Waiting at the Water's Edge; in 2002, she was cast as Creusa in a Gate Theatre production of Euripides' Ion; and in early 2005, she appeared as Dora, a woman incarcerated in a 1920s asylum in the Salisbury Playhouse's production of Charlotte Jones' chamber drama, Airswimming. She also appeared in a 1991 audiobook recording of Julian Barnes' novel about a love triangle called Talking It Over and has been in many radio dramas. In May 2018 she played Shakespeare's Juliet (in old age) for The Theatre, Chipping Norton, in Ben Power A Tender Thing and in August 2019 she portrayed a Rhodesian estate owner in My One True Friend at the Tristan Bates Theatre, London. In 2022 she performed at the Assembly George Square Studios in We Should Definitely Have More Dancing to critical acclaim.

Personal life
Hamilton spent a short time away from acting in major films to bring up her son but continued to feature in television roles and in theatre and voice work.

title: Suzanna Hamilton


text:
User:Femto/elem ionpots4 kjpmol

1st ionization potential  kJ/mol 2nd ionization potential  kJ/mol 3rd ionization potential  kJ/mol 4th ionization potential  kJ/mol

title: User:Femto/elem ionpots4 kjpmol


text: Category:Legacy of Kain

title: Category:Legacy of Kain


text:
User talk:Boris Kaiser

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions.

You might find these pages useful:

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You can always experiment in the sandbox.

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If you have any questions, see help, leave a question at the help desk, or feel free to drop me a line on my talk page.

Thanks again and happy editing!

— Trilobite (Talk) 16:22, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

John Fowles
Hi Boris. I've removed your comment that John Fowles felt alientated from his parents, as this is the type of subjective fact which needs to be backed up with a source, as does the "he seemed to come from nowhere" quote. If you have a source for these, please do reinsert them along with the appropriate reference. Regards, CLW 11:40, 8 November 2005 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Euroloppet Club
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Euroloppet Club, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

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Euroloppet
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Speedy deletion of Euroloppet
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July 2008
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AfD nomination of Euroloppet Club
I have nominated Euroloppet Club, an article you created, for deletion. I do not feel that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Euroloppet Club. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time. Do you want to opt out of receiving this notice? Mayalld (talk) 13:16, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

Eilif Krogager
Hi Boris. My name is Carl Mikkelsen (foxkid on Wikipedia). My family is related to Eilif Krogager, and I had the pleasure of visiting him (and his wife Gorma) in Tjaerborg.

The Geneology is something like:

Unknown common ancestor

Christian Marius Mikkelsen m.  Thea Helga Sophia Petersen

children: * Ruth Mikkelsen * Roger Christian Mikkelsen * Carl Morris Mikkelsen (Sr)

Carl Morris Mikkelsen (Sr) m.  Barbara Ann Wayne Collins

children: * Carl Morris Mikkelsen (Jr.) * Helen Dorothy Mikkelsen * Robert Sargent Mikkelsen * Frederick Peter Mikkelsen

Carl Morris Mikkelsen (Jr, me) m.  Robin Braverman

divorced, m. Barbara Posnick

child with Robin Braverman: * Eilif Herbert Gordon Braverman Mikkelsen (my son)

My sister sent me to your article.

-- Carl —Preceding unsigned comment added by Foxkid (talk • contribs) 00:12, 4 August 2008 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Boris Kaiser! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 4 of the articles that you created  are  Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons. Please note that all biographies of living persons must be sourced. If you were to add reliable, secondary sources to these articles, it would greatly help us with the current  article backlog. Once the articles are adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 16:39, 2 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Ulf Schmidt -
 * 2) Antonio Palafox -
 * 3) Geoff Masters -
 * 4) Rex Hartwig -

Proposed deletion of Ulf Schmidt

The article Ulf Schmidt has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * BLP unreferenced since 2006. Fix or delete.

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Ways to improve Timmis
Hi, I'm 1bandsaw. Boris Kaiser, thanks for creating Timmis!

I've just tagged the page, using our page curation tools, as having some issues to fix. Is this page about the car or the company? The name says the company, but the majority of the content is about the car.

The tags can be removed by you or another editor once the issues they mention are addressed. If you have questions, you can leave a comment on my talk page. Or, for more editing help, talk to the volunteers at the Teahouse. 1bandsaw (talk) 18:27, 12 December 2013 (UTC)

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Nomination of List of honorary citizens of Schleswig-Holstein for deletion
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title: User talk:Boris Kaiser


text:
Thomas Chestre

Thomas Chestre was the author of a 14th-century Middle English romance Sir Launfal, a verse romance of 1045 lines based ultimately on Marie de France's Breton lay Lanval. He was possibly also the author of the 2200-line Libeaus Desconus, a story of Sir Gawain's son Gingalain based upon similar traditions to those that inspired Renaut de Beaujeu's late-12th-century or early-13th-century Old French romance Le Bel Inconnu, and also possibly of a Middle English retelling of the mid-13th-century Old French romance Octavian. Geoffrey Chaucer parodied Libeaus Desconus, among other Middle English romances, in his Canterbury Tale of Sir Thopas.

Sir Launfal
The name Thomas Chestre occurs only once in medieval writings, in the single manuscript copy that remains of the late-14th-century Middle English verse romance Sir Launfal. It is found in British Library MS Cotton Caligula A.ii, fols 35v-42v, dating from the first half of the 15th century
 * ”Thomas Chestre made thys tale
 * Of the noble knyght Syr Launfale,
 * Good of chyvalrye.”

Libeaus Desconus and the Southern Octavian
Lying to either side of this tale of Sir Launfal in British Museum MS Cotton Caligula A.ii, are an Arthurian tale of the Fair Unknown, Libeaus Desconus, fols 42va-57rb, and an 1800-line verse romance known as the Southern Octavian, fols 22va-35rb. On stylistic evidence, there has always been some question whether these two flanking poems in Cotton Caligula A.ii might be attributed to Thomas Chester as well, with arguments on both sides. Libeaus Desconus is found in five other medieval manuscripts. A 14th-century Middle English Octavian occurs in two other manuscripts in a version that is definitely not by Thomas Chestre, the story is arranged in a different way and it is known as the Northern Octavian.

Style
Many similarities have been noted in the way the poems Sir Launfal, Libeaus Desconus and the Southern Octavian have been written. The underlying dialect of all three works is best interpreted as being of the southeast English Midlands, although the scribe of British Museum MS Cotton Caligula A.ii. might have been from Kent. All three works display the same eclectic style of composition. The difficulty in assigning a more precise indication of the region of England that Thomas Chestre may have hailed from lies in the readiness of all three works to borrow lines and phrases directly from other Middle English romances. Thomas Chestre was prepared to go to any lengths to secure a rhyme. In addition, he was willing to “endow words with new or at least strained meanings, and introduce notions that are either quite at odds with the immediate context of the rhyme-word embodying them, or conflict with statements made a very short time earlier.” All three of these romances show this idiosyncrasy and produce narrative that is both “terse in its statements and disjointed in its continuity.

In both Sir Launfal and Libeaus Desconus, story elements from more than one romance have been stitched together to make the tale as a whole, and some allusions to his sources are very condensed.” Like many Middle English poets working with older material, he shows a preference to reduce moral ambiguity and to avoid any great agonising over love.

Chestre's subject matter and inspiration
Nothing is known of Thomas Chester outside of the one verse romance he is known to have penned and the two that lie either side of it in British Museum MS Cotton Caligula A.ii.

Octavian is a tale of a young prince who is taken as a baby by an animal and reared as the son of a merchant, before displaying his noble qualities, fighting with a giant, winning great martial acclaim and finally being reunited with his real family again. It has many of the traits of folk-tale or Breton lai. Following this in the manuscript, Sir Launfal is an Arthurian tale in which King Arthur's steward is reduced to dire poverty, meets with an Otherworld fay in a woodland whom he falls in love with and is magically restored to great wealth again. It is based ultimately upon one of the 12th-century Breton lais recorded by Marie de France, the lay Lanval, via a Middle English romance Sir Landevale, an Old French lay of Graelent and a lost romance that might have included a giant named Sir Valentyne. Following this, Libeaus Desconus is another Arthurian tale., in which a young man who does not know his own name journeys from King Arthur's court to a city in which a lady is kept prisoner. She is finally rescued by him with a kiss, upon which she changes from a snake into a beautiful maiden. On the way to her city, the hero has already encountered another lady of enchantments, an elf-queen, and defeated a giant who was guarding her. The ultimate sources for this tale might be a lost 12th-century Old French romance upon which Le Bel Inconnu was based, and Chrétien de Troyes' Erec and Enide.

Geoffrey Chaucer's parody of tail-line romance in his Canterbury Tale of Sir Thopas, has the hero Sir Thopas begin a fight with a giant in order to try to reach an elf-queen with whom he wishes to fall in love. It mentions Libeaus Desconus in its list of excellent romances, or “romances of prys”. Perhaps in riposte, Thomas Chestre names in Sir Launfal an invisible squire, a gift to the hero from his elf-queen and in her own words: "Gyfre, my owen knave."

title: Thomas Chestre


text:
San Diego Padres (PCL)

The San Diego Padres were a minor league baseball team that played in the Pacific Coast League from 1936 through 1968. The team that would eventually become the Padres was well traveled prior to moving to San Diego.

Franchise history
It began its existence in 1903 as the Sacramento Solons, a charter member of the PCL. The team moved to Tacoma in 1904 (where it won the PCL pennant), returned to Sacramento in 1905, then left the PCL altogether for the next three seasons. The Solons rejoined the PCL in 1909, then moved to San Francisco during the 1914 season, finishing out the season as the San Francisco Missions. The team was sold to businessman Bill "Hardpan" Lane, who moved the team to Salt Lake City for the 1915 season as the Salt Lake Bees.

Eleven years later Lane moved the Bees to Los Angeles for the 1926 season, and changed their name to the Hollywood Stars. The Stars played at Wrigley Field, home of the Los Angeles Angels, winning pennants in 1929 and 1930. When, after the 1935 season, the Angels doubled the Stars' rent, Lane moved the Stars to San Diego for the 1936 season, to become the San Diego Padres.

The city constructed a waterfront stadium for its new team, appropriately called Lane Field, replacing a race track that was on the site. The team finished second in its inaugural year in the border city, then won the postseason series and the PCL pennant in 1937, led by the hitting of sophomore outfielder Ted Williams, who was first signed to a contract in 1936. On October 2, 1944, Bill "Chick" Starr bought the Padres for $210,000 and was named the team president and general manager. In 1952, Starr announced that KFMB-TV founder Jack O. Gross purchased a large minority share, along with Dr. Robert M. Stone and real estate developer Irvin J. Kahn.

Though for the next decade or more the Padres were mired in the second division, at last this franchise achieved stability and longevity. The team remained in San Diego for 33 years, displaced only by virtue of San Diego's admission to the major leagues. In 1954, managed by former major league player Lefty O'Doul, the Padres finished first in the PCL for the first time in their history, but were eliminated in the postseason playoffs.

After the 1957 season, the Padres were sold to C. Arnholdt Smith, who moved the team from ancient Lane Field to Westgate Park, an 8,200-seat facility located in what is now the Fashion Valley Mall of Mission Valley. In 1960, Smith brought in Eddie Leishman as general manager and club president. Leishman, who had helped to run the Yankee farm system throughout the previous 10 years, was brought in with the goal of bringing the team to the Major Leagues. The Padres proceeded to win PCL pennants in 1962, 1964, and 1967. The Padres were the Triple-A affiliate of the Cincinnati Reds from 1962–65; some of their players (including Tony Pérez) would become vital cogs of what was called the "Big Red Machine" Reds' teams of the 1970s. The Pads won a final PCL pennant in 1967 as a farm club of the Philadelphia Phillies. In 1967, Smith won a bid for an expansion team in the National League for the 1969 season. After the 1968 PCL season, he surrendered the franchise, which moved to Eugene, Oregon, and transferred the Padre name to his new NL team, the San Diego Padres. Leishman was named general manager of the MLB Padres, with club president and minority investor Buzzie Bavasi, formerly GM of the Los Angeles Dodgers, playing a dominant role in its baseball operations.

Affiliations
The Padres, like most PCL clubs, operated without a working agreement with or outright ownership by a major league team throughout much of the 1930s and 1940s, and again in the mid-1950s when the PCL was an Open Classification league attempting to attain MLB status. They were affiliated with the following major league teams:

Notable players

 * Joe Horlen, pitcher
 * Art Shamsky, outfielder
 * Ted Williams, outfielder
 * Bobby Doerr, second base
 * Minnie Minoso, outfielder
 * Tony Perez, first base
 * Jack Merson, second base
 * Tommy Helms, shortstop, second base
 * Lee May, first base, outfielder
 * Johnny Ritchey, catcher
 * Chuck Eisenmann, pitcher

title: San Diego Padres (PCL)


text:
Weierstrass (crater)

Weierstrass is a small lunar impact crater that is attached to the northern rim of the walled plain Gilbert, in the eastern part of the Moon. It also lies very near the crater Van Vleck, a similar formation just to the southeast that is almost attached to the outer rim. Due to its location, the crater appears foreshortened as seen from the Earth.

The crater has an oval-shaped outer rim that is longer along an east–west axis. There are some slumped shelves along the inner walls to the north and south. The interior floor is nearly featureless, with only a few tiny impacts. Neither the rim nor the interior are marked by impact craters of significance.

This crater was designated Gilbert N prior to being named by the IAU in 1976.

title: Weierstrass (crater)


text:
Kamov Ka-60

The Kamov Ka-60 Kasatka ("Касатка", ("Killer Whale" ) is a Russian medium twin-turbine military transport helicopter under development by Kamov. It performed its first flight on 24 December 1998.

The civil version is known as Kamov Ka-62.

Design
The Ka-60 has an estimated local military market of 200 units (Army aviation units, Border Police and the Ministry of Internal Affairs). The Ka-60 is to be used for aerial reconnaissance, for transporting air-assault forces, radio-electronic jamming, for special-operations missions and for various light-transport missions. Variations for foreign sale are expected. Manufacture is to take place at Ulan-Ude.

The civil version, the 6.8 t Ka-62, can carry up to 15 passengers or 2-2.5 t of cargo (internally or externally), has a top speed of 167 kn (310 km/h) and a range of 380 nmi (700 km). It features a five-blade main rotor and shrouded tail rotor, and is powered by a pair of Safran Ardiden 3Gs, and later by in-development Klimov VK-1600s. It has a 30-minute run-dry gearbox by Zoerkler, and can operate on one engine up to 9,500 ft (2,900m).

Development
The development of the helicopter was long. The program started in 1984, but the first prototype Ka-60-01 flew in December 1998, and the second in 2007.

A civil version, the Ka-62, was initially proposed when the Ka-60 programme was launched, but no production followed owing to development problems with the Ka-60's Saturn RD-600V 1500 hp engines. Instead, an agreement was signed in April 2011 to use the 1306 kW Turbomeca Ardiden 3G turboshaft for a revised Ka-62. The main rotor will be driven via a new transmission, while the helicopter will have a revised cabin with larger windows and new avionics. First flight of the Ka-62 was planned for May 2013, with certification in 2014. Four prototypes and an initial batch of 16 Ka-62s for the Russian Ministry of Defence were planned, with another 12 ordered by South American civilian customers. Russian certification was expected in 2018, with European EASA certification following in 2020.

The Ka-62 was unveiled in 2012 and flight tests began in 2017. After 434 test flights with three prototypes during 700h, it was certified on 30 November 2021 by Russian regulator Rosaviatsia. Deliveries should begin in 2022, planned production is six units in 2022, eight in 2023 and 10 in 2024. A cargo hook, a winch, a medical module and an anti-icing system should be certified until 2024.

The development and certification of the Ka-62 was stopped in late 2022 due to Western sanctions and the large number of foreign-made components (including the French-manufactured engine).

Variants

 * Ka-60: Basic multi-role model.
 * Ka-60U: Training version.
 * Ka-60K: Naval version.
 * Ka-60R: Reconnaissance version.
 * Ka-62: New version for the civilian market. It has a redesigned fuselage with a high degree of composites, a larger cabin than the earlier demonstrators and will be equipped with Turbomeca Ardiden 3G engines.
 * Ka-64 Sky Horse: Western certified export version equipped with two General Electric T700/CT7 turboshaft engines and five-blade main rotor.

Operators

 * Russian Aerospace Forces (100 on order)
 * Atlas Taxi Aereo (7 on order)
 * Vertical de Aviación (5 on order)
 * Atlas Taxi Aereo (7 on order)
 * Vertical de Aviación (5 on order)
 * Vertical de Aviación (5 on order)

title: Kamov Ka-60


text:
Talk:American football defensive schemes

Untitled
This should be merged with American football strategy. --Daniel11 16:28, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I agree with the merge, however, what could work would be to have just general info on the main strategy page and then reserve this for more specific details. --Ritteke 18:07, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

In My opinion, there should be one article for offensive (and maybe special teams) strategy, one for defensive stratergy, and one for trick plays. Cryomaniac 22:19, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

Coverages
Actually zone coverage is generally more effective against the Run. ---B- 05:53, 21 January 2006 (UTC)


text:
Basil Pao

Basil Pao Ho-Yun (鲍皓昕) is a Hong Kong-based photographer. He has been the stills photographer on the BBC filming teams that made Michael Palin's television travel programmes.

Early career
Pao was born in Hong Kong, but started his career as an art director and graphic designer in New York and Los Angeles. His work during that time included making numerous record covers and posters for Atlantic Records, PolyGram and Warner Bros. Records.

During this time, Pao also met Michael Palin, when they worked together on the book for the Monty Python film Life of Brian in 1979. The following year, Pao designed the LP cover for Monty Python's Contractual Obligation Album.

In 1980, Pao returned to Hong Kong and took up photography as his new career.

Michael Palin trips
When Michael Palin was doing his first trip for the BBC in 1988, Around the World in Eighty Days, he asked Basil Pao to show him around Hong Kong when he arrived there. After a couple of days in Hong Kong, Palin asked Pao to accompany the BBC team on the stretch from Hong Kong to Shanghai to act as guide and interpreter, and Pao agreed. Many of the photographs between Hong Kong and Shanghai used in the book that Palin later wrote about this trip, Around the World in 80 Days, were taken by Pao.

In 1992, when Palin and the BBC were planning to make a new travel programme, Pole to Pole, they decided that it would be a good idea to have a full-time stills photographer on the team, and that Pao was a top candidate for the job. Pao accepted, and, except for the very first few days and the very last few days (he missed out on the two poles due to lack of space in the small aircraft used at both ends of the trip) it was exclusively his pictures that were used in the follow-on book that Palin wrote, Pole to Pole with Michael Palin.

Pao took 30,000 pictures on the Pole to Pole trip, and together with BBC Books released a large format book with some of these pictures, Pole to Pole - The Photographs. Palin wrote some introductory text and lent his name to the cover, but the book was almost completely dedicated to Pao's pictures, some of them displayed in two-page spreads.

The success of the collaboration on Pole to Pole marked the start of a long tradition. Each of the following Michael Palin trips for the BBC included Basil Pao on the team as the stills photographer, and it was almost exclusively Pao's pictures that were used in the follow-up book that Palin wrote about each trip. These books are Full Circle, Hemingway Adventure, Sahara, Himalaya and New Europe.

As well as providing pictures for the Michael Palin books, Basil Pao made three additional photography books: Full Circle - The Photographs, Inside Sahara, and Inside Himalaya. Palin's name is featured on each of these books and he provided some introductory text, but these books are otherwise exclusively about Pao's pictures. There are no Basil Pao photography books related to Hemingway Adventure or New Europe, although he was on the team for those trips too.

Other activities
Basil Pao's photographs have been used in books and magazines all over the world. He took photographs for Bernardo Bertolucci's The Last Emperor and Il piccolo Buddha (Little Buddha), and held the photographic exhibitions Glimpses of Silence and The Last Emperor Collection across Asia and Europe. He has also produced several other photography books, including China Revealed (publisher Weidenfeld & Nicolson) and limited edition books Aman and Bhutan for publisher Amanresorts. He lately released a book called Hands containing only pictures of people's hands from all over the world.

Pao also performed as an actor in the role of Zaifeng, Prince Chun and assistant director in The Last Emperor.

title: Basil Pao


text:
Gummer's How

Gummer's How is a hill in the southern part of the Lake District, on the eastern shore of Windermere, near its southern end. How, derived from the Old Norse word haugr, is a common local term for a hill or mound.

Although a relatively small hill (321 metres above sea level) by the standards of the Lake District, it is the highest of the foothills in the area and commands excellent views, particularly along Windermere (the summit looks out over the magnificent Town Head House estate towards the lake), but also across to the Coniston fells and the central fells, as well as the broad panorama of Morecambe Bay. There is an OS trig point on the summit.

The walk to the summit is usually from the road at Astley's Plantation car park, itself at over 200 metres above sea level, and only 700 metres from the summit. Although short and easy by most standards, and popular with families, it has many of the characteristics of a walk in the higher Lakeland fells, with some (short) steep slopes, rocks to negotiate, and rowan, bracken and heather. The lower slopes are forested, but the upper portion is moorland.

Gummer's How is the subject of a chapter of Wainwright's book The Outlying Fells of Lakeland. He describes it as "an old man's mountain", and says of it: "And when ancient legs can no longer climb it know ye that the sad day has come to hung up the boots for ever and take to slippers".

Simon Jenkins rates the Windermere panorama of the Lake District, Pennines and Morecambe Bay as one of the top ten in England.

title: Gummer's How


text:
Talk:Surtsey

some statements which should be referenced
I put an object comment on the FAC page. Here are some example statements which I think should be attributed via references.

 * "The loose pile of unconsolidated tephra would quickly have been washed away"
 * "It is estimated that about 0.024 km³ of material has been lost" (by who?)
 * "In total at least 60 species of plant have been found on Surtsey" Cited — 69 as of 2008. WilliamKF (talk) 20:09, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
 * "Species that have been seen briefly on the island include whooper swans,"
 * "It had several causes: settling of the loose tephra..."
 * "which formed in the same way as Surtsey several thousand years ago,"

 * I've added cites for many of these. I haven't provided a cite for the statement that unconsolidated tephra would quickly wash away, though, as I think it's really a common sense straightforward fact that can't realistically be disputed. Worldtraveller 11:51, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I've come across an alternative source that disagrees with one of the facts mentioned. According to a New Scientist 'Histories' article (subscription required, or New Scientist, Jan 2006, p48) :

 * Flowering plants and grasses (sea rocket, lyme grass, sea sandwort, cotton grass, ferns) were present from 1965, mosses from 1967, and lichens from 1970.

 * However, the article confirms 60 plant species, and the whooper swans, geese, and ravens, and also mentions snow buntings.
 * 86.139.75.238 01:01, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I think these are some very good questions, and until they are addressed by a professional, the article needs to be in dispute. Are there 60 species, or 61? Could there only be 59? These are questions of significance. Mwahcysl (talk) 18:43, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

Do we have room for this picture?
— Sverdrup 12:43, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

 * amazing picture,room should be made for it.Maybe in the "A permanent island" section.

Picture added Nik42 04:24, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Linking units
I hate that I have to waste time on this, but you know, 3RR and all that...

User:81.179.99.161 insists that these three units be linked:

...which began 130 metres below sea level...

This one's fine: I guess it's possible that some readers might be unfamiliar with the meter, or so dumbfounded by the bizarre spelling that they need to click it.

...when the island reached its maximum size of 2.7 km².

These two are just wrong. 1 E3 m compares orders of magnitudes of length, not area. Same with kilometre. These links are more likely to confuse that help. —Keenan Pepper 02:52, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

 * So why not correct them? Why remove links using the dishonest edit summary of 'units'?  81.179.99.161 08:38, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Because there's no reason they should be linked. Please read Only make links that are relevant to the context. Also, quit saying the edit summary was "dishonest". It was brief, but not intended to deceive. People make edits with blank summaries all the time and no one accuses them of dishonesty. —Keenan Pepper 16:10, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

 * If an edit summary does not correspond to what the edit is, I think that's dishonest. As for context, I think when giving an area, a link to an article about area is certainly relevant.  81.179.99.161 19:29, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Volcano
An Anon requested more info on the volcano; I'm moving the request here for appearence reasons. RJFJR 22:27, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

People on Island
Missing information about people activity on island. Small house for science, helicopter pad and lighthouse. --Chmee2 16:35, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

references?
Am I the only one that has trouble with viewing the third reference and onwards?-- Kerotan Leave Me a Message  Have  a nice day :) 22:31, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Fixed. A <ref> tag was not closed properly. Lupo 23:09, 13 January 2008 (UTC)

WP:FAR nomination of Surtsey
I have nominated Surtsey because it does not seem to meet the featured articled criteria 1.(c), 2.(c), and 4. It is quite short, and is not of comparable length to current FA's. It is very under-referenced, and some of them aren't in the cite web form at all, just in tags. I do not believe that this fits the FA criteria any longer. You are welcome to comment at the review. Dreamafter (talk) 22:44, 20 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Some of the sources are no longer working, like source 16. Gatemansgc (talk) 00:48, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

Reference Needed
The article claims: "It is estimated that about 0.024 km³ of material has been lost due to erosion – this represents about a quarter of the original above sea level volume of the island", and the reference given just afterwards justifies only the first part of the sentence. Is there a reference for the second part ("this represents about a quarter of the original above sea level volume of the island")? Thanks, 18:00, 28 May 2008 (UTC)
 * It has been referenced. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.70.34.175 (talk) 21:39, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

coordinates
Is there any point in having two sets of identical coordinates seperated by one line of text? I don't think the ones in the lead add anything and they just make it look cluttered to me. Richerman (talk) 01:42, 9 November 2008 (UTC)
 * No, you're quite right - remove it, I'd say. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 02:07, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

Poor syntax for a leading article.Sean McHugh 02 (talk) 11:12, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

Nice article
What a nice little article. My only recommendation: The first picture in the "Future" section, captioned "The island of Surtsey in 1999", is the shot that gives the clearest picture of Surtsey, and probably belongs up in the intro section. The volcano picture is prettier, of course. Tempshill (talk) 23:24, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

Broken link
footbnote 16 (this) is a broken link. Could someone fix it? Totnesmartin (talk) 19:56, 20 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Done. --Avenue (talk) 08:31, 21 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Cheers mate! Totnesmartin (talk) 10:52, 21 April 2010 (UTC)

Coordinate error
The coordinates need the following fix: The co-ordinates are infact 63.4 West
 * [TYPE HERE]

--217.33.147.2 (talk) 09:02, 13 September 2010 (UTC)

 * It's definitely not 63.4 West - that would be in Canada. If you mean 64.4 North, that would put it due west of Heimay, not southwest. The existing coordinates check out fine in Google Maps, Bing Maps, and Blue Marble Navigator. --Avenue (talk) 13:24, 13 September 2010 (UTC)

Coordinate error
The following coordinate fixes are needed for

63° 18′ 10.8″ N, 20° 36′ 18″ W

should be:

63° 18' 9.25"N, 20° 36' 11.87"W

—vicganon (talk) 00:44, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * ❌. The article is about a rather large feature, and the coordinates are given with sufficient precision (thousandths of a degree, or to about the nearest 100 meters), indicating a point roughly at the island's center. Giving the coordinates to a precision of hundredths of a second (approximately to the nearest foot) is clearly overkill, and the exact point specified by your coordinates doesn't appear to be significant in any way (not the volcano's highest point or anything). See also WP:GEO. Deor (talk) 03:55, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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How far away is the closest land?
If we can find a source for this, would be good to add to the article. A quick look at Google Maps shows it to be about 10 miles from other islands, and 20 miles from the mainland. This would be useful context when reading about life colonizing the island from other locations. – Novem Linguae (talk) 18:34, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

was it 1964 or 1963?
britannica says the surtseyan eruption started in november of '63, is this page maybe wrong? Lio B (talk) 20:02, 23 January 2023 (UTC)
 * @KingcCake, an IP changed the year in the lead in Sep 2022 and nobody else caught it. It's been fixed. Schazjmd   (talk)  20:32, 23 January 2023 (UTC)

Who named it?
Basic information to add to this article: exactly who named this island. 98.123.38.211 (talk) 00:13, 11 July 2024 (UTC)
 * ✅ The name was assigned by the Icelandic Naming Committee. Schazjmd   (talk)  14:21, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Surtsey


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Surtsey/archive1

Surtsey
Surtsey is a very interesting island, not even 40 years old and one of the few times the formation of a volcano from the ground up has been observed. I've done quite a bit of work on this article but I'm sure there's many ways it can be improved, so I'm casting around for any ideas and suggestions of what else should be included. Worldtraveller 16:30, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * An enthralling subject! I'm delighted it's getting attention, but was horrified to see in the Lead the statement that since 1967, when the island reached its maximum size of 2.7 km², "wind and wave erosion has seen the island steadily diminish in size, in the year 2002 it was only 1.4 km² in size." (Hasn't anybody measured it since 2002? Measurements given under "Settlement of life"—slightly odd placement— are from 2001.) That sounds horribly like it'll be all gone soon, especially that "steadily". Some reassurance was brought by the soothing heading "A permanent island" below, and the statement that since 1967 "erosion has seen the island diminish in size somewhat". But I'd really like to see this apparent contradiction resolved. 2.7 to 1.4, practically halving in size, is to diminish "somewhat"...? And can we, or can't we, trust that "hard cap of extremely erosion-resistant rock" to protect what's left of the island? An explicit and internally consistent projection of hopes and fears for the future of Surtsey would be great.
 * I think I gleaned from a documentary the claim that Surtsey was colonized by plants (from seeds dropped by birds) and birds much more quickly than the scientific community had predicted. Do you know if that's true? Would it be worth including, to qulify the "gradually", and to inject a little more bzazz into the rather short and sedately narrated "Settlement of life" section?
 * The image is hauntingly beautiful. (Well, I have a taste for the bleak.) Is it possible to get more images? The scientists allowed on the island have presumably brought cameras sometimes: is everything of that nature copyrighted? Naturally it would be wonderful to have an image (or, fevered dream, a video clip!) of the original eruption. To my memory, the documentaries I've seen about Surtsey (I'd get up off my deathbed to watch a Surtsey documentary) have had lots of great footage of the island being born, filmed from airplanes, of course. But I suppose none of it is PD? Failing that, perhaps an animated GIF, like of the tsunami on the Main Page? A map showing growth, then diminution over the years? Btw, I read the image caption as claiming that that image ("Surtsey from plane, 1999.jpg") is a satellite image, which is obviously not the case. Could the article also display inline the cool satellite image that's linked to? Those NASA images are free to use, aren't they?
 * But I especially need a state-of-the-art prediction for Surtsey's future, you want me to sleep at night, don't you? Bishonen | Talk 17:54, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much for these very helpful suggestions! I can only hope that the section I've added about the future of Surtsey has come soon enough to prevent a sleepless night for you - you'll be relieved to hear that it seems the island will be with us for a long while yet :)  I hope I have made the article consistent with itself now on that score.  I've expanded the 'Settlement of life' section a bit, hopefully made it more lively reading.  I'll have to do a bit more reading around to try to discover how the spread of life compared to scientific expectations though.  I found some PD photos of the eruption.  I also removed the confusing link to satellite image in the caption of the top photo, and uploaded that image for use later in the article. No luck in finding any PD footage unfortunately, I am not sure there is any, sadly.
 * Thanks again - grateful for any further thoughts you might have. Worldtraveller 22:48, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Phew! [Breaking out major bath towel to wipe sweat of anxiety from brow]. I did see the new section just before bedtime, thanks for saving me the nightmares! The NASA pic is calming too, by displaying the classic round volcano shape + sandspit: it shows this is no mere falling-apart sliver, as it could have been from the airplane image, but a robust island wearing a hard hat. Cool. I really can't think of anything else. The "Settlement of life" section is very nice, with the suggestive mention of the intrepid early scouting gulls. :-) Maybe the page still needs something... a little more flesh, somehow. I can't exactly think of what, though. Maybe something about the shape you don't see? The island is the tip of a big-ass underwater mountain, presumaby? Are there PD drawings of what the mountain looks like? Have divers been permitted to go down there? Does it have, uh, I don't know, a special underwater fauna of its own? Anyway, I do appreciate your taking on this coolest-ever subject, I'm sure it'll make a great featured article. (Many apologies, incidentally, for chatting with Giano on your talk page.) Bishonen | Talk 20:05, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Glad the info got to you in time :) Thanks very much for further suggestions - I'll see what I can find out about the under-sea portion of the volcano, it may make an interesting section.  And no worries about chatting on my talk page, I'm happy to play host any time! Worldtraveller 15:32, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

First, as Worldtraveller pointed out most of what has been washed away is stray tehera, Surtsey is likeley to looks something like this in the future once most or all tehera is washed away and the ocean starts (slowly) to erode the bedrock.

I think there's alot that can be added to the article, Worldtraveller and others have done a great so far of bringing this up to par, a large obsticle for them however is that alot of the source material is in Icelandic.

First, the plant and animal life, I found information on the plant and animal life to be incomplete and in some cases (as far as I can see) wrong, e.g. in total some 30 species of plants are found on Surtsey. this conflicts with this which lists findings as of 2003: ''Með þessari viðbót hafa fundist 60 tegundir háplantna í Surtsey frá því fyrsta plantan nam þar land árið 1965. (Icelandic: with these additions sixty species of high plants'' (I'm unaware of the proper translation for this technical term or its definition) have been found in Surtsey since the first plant settled there in 1965), this only lists high plants which are presumably plants beyond a certan size or plants which just grow upwards (as opposed to e.g. moss), although I have no idea, one thing that is certain however is that the number of plants in this subset of all plants is tvice as large than the number of plants claimed to be in the universal set in the article.

Furthermore information on animal life is lacking, in an expedition to the island in 2004, detailed in this article (complete with pictures), several Atlantic Puffins were found. Although the scientists 'saw' no nests they presume them to be 2-3 judging by the behaviour of the birds as they were feeding (they frequenty disappeared into the side of rocks at thee different locations, puffins often nests at such locations). A section on all these findings, and all plant and animal findings by year should be added to the article.

On to other issues, there is no information at all on the naming dispute, there is a paragraph on the issue in Íslenska Alfræðiorðabókin (The Icelandic Encyclopedia) which I have a copy of but cannot find at the moment, several names were apperently proposed including Ísleifsey (Ísleifs Island, a reference to the boat that first witnessed it), Vestey (West Island, a references to the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago) was apperently quite popular with the population of Heimaey at the time. Also, one proposed name (IIRC) was nýey (new island), proponents of this name made (IIRC) the argument that when the island disappeared back into the ocean, as was presumed would happen soon at the time the name could simply be changed to nýei, but ei is a one of the words in Icelandic that can be used as not (also as a suffix), ei and ey are pronounced in the same way in Icelandic, and i don't know about you but native speakers at least think this proposition if funny:)

Also, regarding the french landing, the Icelandic Coast Guard was critisised at time for not being the first to make a landing on the island, their directors response was something like "it's not my place to risk the life of my men for petty nationalism" (note, I'm writing this from memory so this is almost most certanly not exactly what he said, but you get the idea), I can dig up his name and the exact quote if I ever find the book mentioned above. —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 21:06, 2005 Feb 17 (UTC)

 * Many thanks for very detailed comments! I have added more information about life on the island, although undoubtedly there is more that can be said.  I'd need to do more reading around on that, and my knowledge of Icelandic is certainly lacking so as you say, many sources are not available to me :)  I also mentioned the other possibilities for the name of the island (very interesting, I hadn't heard of them before), and the criticism of the coast guard.  On both those, if you have a printed source, you can probably make what I've said more accurate. Worldtraveller 15:26, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I commented out some of your new additions for now, as I said I'm not sure about some of the information I provided and will have to find the source, I'm not even sure about the name Nýe(i|y, just of the suffix. If it proves to be correct it can be reinstated but as it is I fear it might do more harm than good by providing misinformation. —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 03:27, 2005 Feb 23 (UTC)
 * Well, I hope you might be able to provide confirmation of the information at some point. In the meantime, I'll see if I can find any non-Icelandic sources with further info. Worldtraveller 16:47, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I can see Surtsey whenever I take walks to the west side of town - I live on Heimaey (the only populated island in Vestmannaeyjar). Despite the fact that nobody is allowed to go to Surtsey, there are a couple of people who get to go there each year, and I have asked for permission tag along in the next trip, responce pending - if I go I'll take loads of pictures.
 * Anyway, last summer I held a dimunitive lecture for some NASA scientists about the errosion of Surtsey, based on the masters thesis of some guy named Björn who I can't recall the full name or e-mail address of right now; but I have it at work - I'm thinking of asking him permission to use his echogrammetric photographs on Wikipedia. Bug me about it, by all means! --Smári McCarthy 23:35, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Hope you get your permission to land on the island, that would be a fabulous opportunity! If you can get the permission to use the thesis work you mention, that would be great.  It occurs to me that if you live on Heimaey, you might possibly be able to ask at the Volcano Show (I think it's called that) if there is any footage of the Surtsey eruption in the public domain - that would really enhance this article no end.  I was going to get in touch with Villi Knudsen of the Volcano Show in Reykjavík, but he doesn't seem to have a website any more unfortunately. Worldtraveller 17:38, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I know the curator of the volcanic film show - it's on the same street as I live on and her son is one of my closest friends. Unfortunately the footage they have is not public domain, but my former maths teacher probably has some good footage of the erruption; I'll ask him. I haven't yet contacted the man who made the thesis, been a bit busy recently. Regarding the trip to Surtsey, it won't be until around the end of July. Until then, there's work to be done... keep me posted. --Smári McCarthy 11:30, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Peer review/Surtsey/archive1


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Talk:William Ormsby-Gore, 2nd Baron Harlech

Untitled
Hang on, was he REALLY an MP? In Britain "Member of Parliament" or "MP" always, in my experience, means a member of the House of Commons. As a Baron he will have served in Parliament - in the House of Lords - but that doesn't make him an MP in the sense that term is normally used. If he was an MP before he became Baron (he couldn't afterwards - peers can't sit in the Commons) then fine, but I can't find any source stating that. TSP 16:31, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/William Richard Ormsby-Gore, 2nd Baron Harlech. The final result was Keep. --Deathphoenix 03:17, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)


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User talk:69.2.159.33

October 2013
Hello, I'm I dream of horses. I wanted to let you know that I undid one of your recent contributions, such as the one you made with this edit to Know Nothing, because it didn’t appear constructive to me. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks. I dream of horses If you reply here, please leave me a message on my talk page. @ 14:48, 3 October 2013 (UTC)

title: User talk:69.2.159.33


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Widmannstätten (crater)

Widmannstätten is a lunar impact crater in the southern part of the Mare Smythii, near the eastern limb of the Moon. The rim of this crater has a wide gap along the western side, where it is joined to the larger Kiess. There is also a gap in the northern rim where the crater floor is joined to the adjacent lunar mare. The dark interior floor of this formation has been flooded by lava, leaving a level interior surface and a shallow surviving rim.

The craters Kiess and Widmannstätten were referred to as Wright Brothers, such as by the crew of Apollo 17, prior to being officially named by the IAU in 1973.

title: Widmannstätten (crater)


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Caxton, Cambridgeshire

Caxton is a small rural village and civil parish in the South Cambridgeshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. It is 9 miles west of the county town of Cambridge. In 2001, the population of Caxton parish was 480 people, increasing to 572 at the 2011 Census. Caxton is most famous for the Caxton Gibbet.

History
The name Caxton is probably derived from 'farmstead of a man called Kakkr'. It was spelled Caustone in the 1086 Domesday book when 35 peasants lived there. It is probable that the village came into existence as a late Scandinavian settlement in an area of woodland. The use of the names 'weald' and 'wald' in the 12th century indicate the influence of woods.

What was the Roman Ermine Street, now the A1198 road, bisects Caxton parish. The modern village has grown up around the road, although the church is a short distance south-west, along Gransden Road. There are also three medieval moated sites further from the road: Caxton Moats, which has signs of Anglo-Saxon or Norman occupation; Caxton Pastures, south-west of Caxton Gibbet, which may have belonged to John of Caxton, a 13th-century landowner; and Swansley, south-east of the gibbet. St Peter's Street (or, Lane), north and east of the church, may have been the centre of the original village.

The road provided passing trade; the market was held next to it and the Crown and George inns were built there. Parts of the Crown inn date from the 15th century and it was known by that name by 1545. Caxton benefitted from travellers passing through but highway robbers could also be a problem. The road became busier after the 16th century and a post office was opened at the Crown inn 'many years' before 1660. By the mid-18th century, Caxton post office was one of only two in the whole county.

After the end of the coaching era, Caxton declined. In 1863, a traveller described the village as "a small, rambling village, which looked as if it had not shaved and washed its face, and put on a clean shirt for a shocking length of time". Fires in 1896 and 1897 destroyed more than a dozen houses and, although the arrival of the motor car brought traffic back through the village, its former prosperity did not return. In 2004 a bypass was completed around Caxton to accommodate traffic for the newly built Cambourne to the north.

Governance
Caxton is represented on South Cambridgeshire District Council by three councillors for the Bourn electoral ward and on Cambridgeshire County Council by one councillor for the Bourn electoral division. It is represented at the House of Commons as part of the South Cambridgeshire constituency.

Geography
Caxton parish is 9 miles west of Cambridge, 7 miles east of the town of St Neots and 48 miles north of London. It stands on the A1198 (Ermine Street, the Old North Road) between the villages of Papworth Everard, to the north, and Longstowe, to the south. Roads run from Caxton to the villages of Bourn and Great Gransden. It ranges from 44 to 68 metres above sea level and the soil is clay with a blue gault subsoil. Bourn Brook runs through Caxton, eventually joining the River Cam.

Sport
Speedway racing was staged at Caxton. The venue was described as being on the main Cambridge to St Neots road near Caxton Gibbet. The first meeting was staged on 6 April 1931 and a number of Sunday afternoon events were staged that year and again in 1932. Fewer meetings appear to have been staged 1933 and further research is needed to ascertain other activity. A greyhound racing track was opened adjacent to the speedway track on 11 September 1932. The racing was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club) and was known as a flapping track, which was the nickname given to independent tracks. Totalisator and refreshment facilities were available in addition to a free car park.

Demography
At the time of the 2001 census, the population of Caxton parish was 480 people. All residents were white and 72% described themselves as Christian, with 27.8% either having no religion or stating none. In 1881 the population was 129, and in 1921 the population had grown to 398.

Landmarks
Caxton Gibbet stands by the side of the A428 road, north of Caxton village. The roundabout at the junction of the A428 and A1198 is also known as Caxton Gibbet.

A war memorial, commemorating Caxton men who died in the First and Second World Wars, stands at the junction of Ermine Street, Bourn Road and Gransden Road.

Noted Person
Peter King (British Army officer)

Religious sites
Caxton has two churches. The Church of St Andrew was built of stone and flint mainly in the Early English style. It has a low tower with six bells. There are some pictures and a description of the church at the Cambridgeshire Churches website. A Baptist church was built in 1842.

title: Caxton, Cambridgeshire


text: Template:Campaignbox Spanish-American War: Pacific