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Zeta Ophiuchi

Zeta Ophiuchi (ζ Oph, ζ Ophiuchi) is a single star located in the constellation of Ophiuchus. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 2.6, making it the third-brightest star in the constellation. Parallax measurements give an estimated distance of roughly 440 ly from the Earth. It is surrounded by the Sh2-27 "Cobold" nebula, the star's bow shock as it ploughs through dense dust clouds near the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex.

In April 2010, ζ Ophiuchi was occulted by asteroid 824 Anastasia.

Properties
ζ Ophiuchi is an enormous star with more than 20 times the Sun's mass and eight times its radius. The stellar classification of this star is O9.5 V, with the luminosity class of V indicating that it is generating energy in its core by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen. From Earth, the apparent effective temperature of the star appears to be 34,300K, giving the star the blue hue of an O-type star. However, since the star is rapidly rotating, the exact surface temperature varies across the surface of the star from as high as 39,000K at the poles to as low as 30,700K at the equator. The projected rotational velocity may be as high as 400 km s−1 and it may be rotating at a rate of once per day, close to the velocity at which it would begin to break up.

This is a young star with an age of only three million years. Its luminosity is varying in a periodic manner similar to that of a Beta Cephei variable. This periodicity has a dozen or more frequencies ranging between 1–10 cycles per day. In 1979, examination of the spectrum of this star found "moving bumps" in its helium line profiles. This feature has since been found in other stars, which have come to be called ζ Oph stars. These spectral properties are likely the result of non-radial pulsations.

This star is roughly halfway through the initial phase of its stellar evolution and will, within the next few million years, expand into a red supergiant star wider than the orbit of Jupiter before ending its life in a supernova explosion, leaving behind a neutron star or pulsar. From the Earth, a significant fraction of the light from this star is absorbed by interstellar dust, particularly at the blue end of the spectrum. In fact, were it not for this dust, ζ Ophiuchi would shine several times brighter and be among the very brightest stars visible. If the star's luminosity were not obscured, it would shine at magnitude 1.54, becoming the twenty-third brightest star in the night sky.

X-ray emissions have been detected from Zeta Ophiuchi that vary periodically. The net X-ray flux is estimated at 1.2 × 1024 W. In the energy range of 0.5–10 keV, this flux varies by about 20% over a period of 0.77 days. This behavior may be the result of a magnetic field in the star. The measured average strength of the longitudinal field is about 14.1 ± 4.5 mT.

Bow shock
ζ Ophiuchi is moving through space with a peculiar velocity of 30 km s−1. Based upon the age and direction of motion of this star, it is a member of the Upper Scorpius sub-group of the Scorpius–Centaurus association of stars that share a common origin and space velocity. Such runaway stars may be ejected by dynamic interactions between three or four stars. However, in this case the star may be a former component of a binary star system in which the more massive primary was destroyed in a type II supernova explosion. It is possible that ζ Ophiuchi accreted mass from its companion before it was ejected. The pulsar PSR B1929+10 may be the leftover remnant of this supernova, as it too was ejected from the association with a velocity vector that fits the scenario.

Due to the high space velocity of Zeta Ophiuchi, in combination with high intrinsic brightness and its current location in a dust-rich area of the galaxy, the star is creating a bow-shock in the direction of motion. This shock has been made visible via NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. The formation of this bow shock can be explained by a mass loss rate of about 1.1 × 10−7 times the mass of the Sun per year, which equals the mass of the Sun every nine million years.

Traditional names
ζ Ophiuchi was a member of indigenous Arabic asterism al-Nasaq al-Yamānī, "the Southern Line" of al-Nasaqān "the Two Lines", along with α Serpentis (Unukalhai), δ Ser (Qin, Tsin), ε Ser (Ba, Pa), δ Ophiuchi (Yed Prior), ε Oph (Yed Posterior) and γ Oph (Tsung Ching).

According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, al-Nasaq al-Yamānī or Nasak Yamani was the title for two stars: δ Serpentis as Nasak Yamani I and ε Ser as Nasak Yamani II (exclude this star, α Ser, δ Ophiuchi, ε Oph and γ Oph)

In Chinese, 天市右垣 (Tiān Shì Yòu Yuán), meaning Right Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure, refers to an asterism which is represent eleven old states in China which is marking the right borderline of the enclosure, consisting of ζ Ophiuchi, β Herculis, γ Herculis, κ Herculis, γ Serpentis, β Serpentis, α Serpentis, δ Serpentis, ε Serpentis, δ Ophiuchi and ε Ophiuchi. Consequently, the Chinese name for ζ Ophiuchi itself is 天市右垣十一 (Tiān Shì Yòu Yuán shíyī, the Eleventh Star of Right Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure), represent the state Han (韓),  together with 35 Capricorni in Twelve States (asterism).

title: Zeta Ophiuchi


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1999 in games

This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 1999. For video games, see 1999 in video gaming.

Games released or invented in 1999
• 7th Sea (role-playing game)

• Aberrant (role-playing game)

• All Flesh Must Be Eaten (role-playing game)

• Apples to Apples

• Austin Powers Collectible Card Game

• Axis & Allies: Europe

• Brave New World (role-playing game)

• Brawl

• Button Men

• Chez Geek

• CJ Carella's WitchCraft (role-playing game)

• Continuum: Roleplaying in the Yet

• Dao

• Dark•Matter (role-playing game)

• Deadwood

• DC Universe Roleplaying Game

• Feng Shui 2nd Edition (role-playing game)

• Furry Pirates (role-playing game)

• Great War at Sea: 1904-1905 The Russo-Japanese War

• Great War at Sea: US Navy Plan Black

• Hunter: The Reckoning (role-playing game)

• IceTowers

• India Rails

• The Jerry Springer Game

• Kobolds Ate My Baby! (role-playing game)

• Lejendary Adventure (role-playing game)

• Life as a BlackMan

• Lost Cities

• Paths of Glory: The First World War, 1914-1918

• Pokémon Trading Card Game

• Ra

• Return to the Keep on the Borderlands

• Ricochet Robots

• Risk - 40th anniversary collector's edition

• Schotten-Totten

• Starfarers of Catan

• Stratego: Legends

• Systems Failure (role-playing game)

• Tikal

• Torres

• Vinci

• The Wheel of Time (collectible card game)

• Young Jedi Collectible Card Game

• Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game (Japanese version)

Game awards given in 1999

 * Concours International de Créateurs de Jeux de Société: Vinci
 * Origins Awards: Button Men - Best Abstract Board Game and Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game
 * Games: Torres
 * Spiel des Jahres: Tikal - Michael Kiesling and Wolfgang Kramer, Ravensburger

Significant games-related events of 1999

 * Hasbro purchases Wizards of the Coast for US$325 million.
 * Z-Man Games incorporated by owner Zev Schlasinger.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 1999 in games


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Happiness Pokémon

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Article is pending deletion with a block compress error. Joyous 00:18, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

Happiness Pokémon
This stub reads as follows: "Happiness Pokémon include the following: Togepi Togetic Blissey" and promises organic expansion. Is google a fair barometer for determining notability of the Happiness Pokémon? If so, it receives 25 unique google hits, is this enough for inclusion into the sum of all human knowledge? Please discuss. GRider\talk 20:40, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Does this article cause you happiness? No? Well, I guess we can safely delete it then. There is a group of people dedicated to creating qualified Pokemon articles, rather than incomprehensible stubs like these. So I'm sure they'll categorize Togepi Togetic Blissey somewhere useful. Radiant! 21:01, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this unhappy article. Article says: 'This list will be expanded as more Pokémon entries are added to Wikipedia'. I say: 'Do we need more of those articles?'. --Neigel von Teighen 21:04, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, helpful for organizing pokemon, even after they are all merged together. Kappa 22:21, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. More Pokecruft. It doesn't even say what a "happiness pokemon" is, or what make sthem happy. I'm sick of this sort of thing. -R. fiend 01:10, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not encyclopedic. ✏ Oven Fresh  ²  01:41, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, pokemon fancruft. Megan1967 02:24, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Pokémon types or List of Pokémon by species. Deleting this as cruft would set a precedent that would legitimately allow the entire Pokémon types article to be VfD'ed. I hope those voting delete acknowledge this and will vote delete for Pokémon types in case it is ever submitted. Phils 10:52, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe most people voting "delete" want everything deleted except pokemon itself and pikachu. Kappa 12:17, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I would disagree. There are some other notable Pokémon characters than Pikachu, but that doesn't automatically make every Pokémon character, classification and term notable. I vote Delete on this article.   — J I P | Talk 10:26, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. So-called "species" of Pokemon are already handled by List of Pokemon by species, which already includes the "Happiness" species.  That article handles each species through a separate sub-section, which makes more sense to me than a separate article for each of the dozen or more different species.   As for List of Pokemon by species article, and all the rest of the Pokemon stuff: it makes sense to have these articles in the Wikipedia only if we want it to be the online Encyclopedia of Pokemon, and Kappa is correct that there is strong objection to that, including from me. But it is a debate for another day.   --BM 15:34, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Obscure fancruft. Martg76 17:04, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - the consensus, according to WikiProject Pokédex members, is to phase out species pages (eg. "Mouse Pokémon", not "Sandshrew") both as separate articles and in the Pokémon infobox. kelvSYC 18:22, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No potential to become encyclopedic. Not needed for good reasons given by others. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:44, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm certainly a fan of Pokémon, but I don't think this is neccessary. Tim Rhymeless (Er...let's shimmy)  03:12, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. Apparently, the relevant WikiProject is trying to phase out articles like this.   — Gwalla | Talk 04:09, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies

U.S. Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies, often referred to colloquially as the CJS Subcommittee is one of twelve subcommittees of the U.S. Senate Committee on Appropriations. It was formerly known as the Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary during the 108th Congress (2003–2005), but responsibility for the State Department and the federal Judiciary are now handled by separate subcommittees. The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations has joint jurisdiction with the United States House Committee on Appropriations over all appropriations bills in the United States Congress. Each committee has 12 matching subcommittees, each of which is tasked with working on one of the twelve annual regular appropriations bills. This subcommittee has jurisdiction over the budget for the United States Department of Commerce, the United States Department of Justice, and Science policy of the United States.

Appropriations process
Traditionally, after a federal budget for the upcoming fiscal year has been passed, the appropriations subcommittees receive information about what the budget sets as their spending ceilings. This is called "302(b) allocations" after section 302(b) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974. That amount is separated into smaller amounts for each of the twelve Subcommittees. The federal budget does not become law and is not signed by the President. Instead, it is guide for the House and the Senate in making appropriations and tax decisions. However, no budget is required and each chamber has procedures in place for what to do without one. The House and Senate now consider appropriations bills simultaneously, although originally the House went first. The House Committee on Appropriations usually reports the appropriations bills in May and June and the Senate in June. Any differences between appropriations bills passed by the House and the Senate are resolved in the fall.

Appropriations bills
An appropriations bill is a bill that appropriates (gives to, sets aside for) money to specific federal government departments, agencies, and programs. The money provides funding for operations, personnel, equipment, and activities. Regular appropriations bills are passed annually, with the funding they provide covering one fiscal year. The fiscal year is the accounting period of the federal government, which runs from October 1 to September 30 of the following year.

There are three types of appropriations bills: regular appropriations bills, continuing resolutions, and supplemental appropriations bills. Regular appropriations bills are the twelve standard bills that cover the funding for the federal government for one fiscal year and that are supposed to be enacted into law by October 1. If Congress has not enacted the regular appropriations bills by the time, it can pass a continuing resolution, which continues the pre-existing appropriations at the same levels as the previous fiscal year (or with minor modifications) for a set amount of time. The third type of appropriations bills are supplemental appropriations bills, which add additional funding above and beyond what was originally appropriated at the beginning of the fiscal year. Supplemental appropriations bills can be used for things like disaster relief.

Appropriations bills are one part of a larger United States budget and spending process. They are preceded in that process by the president's budget proposal, congressional budget resolutions, and the 302(b) allocation. Article One of the United States Constitution, section 9, clause 7, states that "No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law..." This is what gives Congress the power to make these appropriations. The President, however, still has the power to veto appropriations bills.

Jurisdiction
This subcommittee is responsible for discretionary spending at the Commerce Department and the Justice Department, as well various independent federal agencies, such as the International Trade Commission, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.


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User:Popeccola

From the charming hamlet of Cumming, Georgia as well as the keyboard of Pope C. Cola comes the following bit of wisdom(?), a few inside jokes with Lucky 6.9 and possible BJAODN fodder:

''Lo, the length and the girth of the wiggle of the holy dispenser with thy orange head shall only be touched and operated only by those who hath walked the path of Wham-O. The slide for the baptism and the dispenser for thy blessings. The holy water must be dispensed in righteous amounts so not to foul thy Boone's Farm holy hangover condiment of the fermented grape, while more then one grape. When thy spill thy H20 of the holiest mount the party is then spoiled and thy whilst not get thy lucky. When you negate thy H20 of the holiest mount. Then thy will be wandering from town and village in search of thy Boone's Farm holy hangover condiment of the fermented grape, while more then one grape. Thy will be smited with thy blue law. You shall wander all of the 7th day. You shall tire and not even thy Jim Ladd can bring forth thy grape, more then one grape. For be forewarned to leave the operation of thy Wham-O to those blessed with thy pointy hat and miracle of thy roof sitting.''

We're talking about a Water Wiggle and the Frisbetarian joke religion here, friends. As far as the wine hangover is concerned, you'll just have to leave a message on the talk page.

title: User:Popeccola


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Talk:Ll

I'm do not know what this is trying to say. Both the /l/ and /ʎ/ sounds are liquids. — Ливай | ☺ 20:39, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * In Albanian, the position is the reverse of Spanish, with an Albanian written Ll having a standard /l/ sound, while an Albanian written L is liquid.

Wouldn't that be the sound of Portuguese "lh"? As in rolha (cork)...

It was considered a single letter in Spanish orthography, and was collated after 'l' as a separate entry, but this is no longer done.

It still is a seperate letter in Spanish, isn't it?
 * As of 1994, neither "ch" nor "ll" are separate letters in the Spanish alphabet. —Scott5114↗ 21:29, 30 August 2006 (UTC)
 * They no longer affect collation in word lists, but they are still separate letters in that one correctly spells out chilla as che, i, elle, a. — Chameleon 07:00, 15 September 2008 (UTC)

IPA transcription
Is there an IPA-symbol or IPA-transcription for this elle? -DePiep (talk) 08:06, 13 July 2010 (UTC)

hola sol yenifer nesesito ablar de negocio perlsonales
hola sol yenifer —Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.167.6.17 (talk) 21:17, 5 March 2011 (UTC)

Medieval Welsh LL
Has its own code in the Latin Extended Additional Unicode block. The capital appears to be an IL digraph; the miniscule appears to be an ll digraph connected by a line at the top.

No idea how to offer support for it, though. — LlywelynII  08:16, 30 January 2013 (UTC) The English Entry reads: "In English, ll represents the same sound as single l: /l/. The doubling is used to indicate that the preceding vowel is (historically) short, or for etymological reasons, in latinisms (coming from a gemination)."

This is just not true. The ll sound is the voiced velarized alveolar lateral approximant sound where the single l is the voiced alveolar lateral approximant sound. While these two different sounds are never contrasted to show a distinction in meaning and so are technically the same phoneme, they are so radically different that it would jar on a listener were they ever to be substituted for each other. Other phonemes sound a little difference depending on their position in a syllable but nothing like the extent of these two sounds. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.93.84.93 (talk) 20:34, 8 June 2014 (UTC)

the liquid ll also occurs in languages from Ghana
The Ghanaian Akan group of languages, including Fante and "Twi", which is not pronounced "twee", but "[liquid-l]ee", incorporate this phoneme or a sound like it. It is pronounced something like "sh" and "wh" simultaneously, as in the (Anglicized) "main yay llay", meaning roughly "I'm not doing anything."Euonyman (talk) 16:49, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Contradiction?
Information regarding the use of [·] vs. [⋅] in the Catalan section of this article appears to contradict that given in the corresponding section of the article on the interpunct. ZFT (talk) 17:14, 2 August 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Prounced like a 'j' by Puerto Ricans
Should be covered here. This article has the version that sounds like "sh" in sheep (/ʃ/) and "si" in vision (/ʒ/), and the more common "y" (/j/) pronunciation, but nothing to cover the "j" (/dʒ/) used by Puerto Ricans. For example "me llamo" ("my name is"), more commonly pronounced as "may yammo", is pronounced by Puerto Ricans as "may jammo". Obviously, I am not well enough versed in linguistics to contribute to the article, but I do know this is pretty standard for Puerto Rican Spanish speakers, especially in New York. Jyg (talk) 20:26, 12 September 2019 (UTC)

Origin of Welsh ll
In other orthographies, LL is obviously derives from L. In Welsh names, it is evident that the frequent "Llan…" and "Lland…" corresponds to Roman "San" and "Sant", derived from Latin "SANCTUS". That observation suggests that Welsh "ll" is the generically wrong graphical adaption of an ancient letter of another alphabet (in Ogham inscription I looked in vain.) consisting of two vertical lines, or at least of parallel lines. An appropriate origin could be the Hebrew ש, though it consists of three parallel verticals. Another letter consisting of parallel lines, and even phonetically a bit similar to Welsh "ll" is the Greek Ξ. --Ulamm (talk) 13:41, 15 May 2022 (UTC)
 * In some cases is a construction parallel to other twin letters, such as tt (German "Fett" and "Fell", twin consonants after short pronunciation of a vowel).
 * In some cases is is the outcome of an assilimation, like "collateral(is)" from "con-lateral(is)", originally meaning "side-by-side". In Spanish, such assimilations created a new sound, a palatalized L, IPA [ʎ], derived from Latin CL (clavis -> Llave – key), FL (FLAMMA -> llama – flame) and PL (PLANUS -> llano – plane). Overseas, in Latin America, this sound has been modified.
 * Such a generically wrong graphical adaption is known in German: There are surnames with "hs", drived from "ſs" (long S + short S). The cursive-script ſ looked like the kurrent-script h.
 * I asked this question also to a professor of Celtic languages in Germany: The "Llan…" is no "San". It is rather related to the French word "lande" = heath. It marked – differently from "lande" – cultivated (an therefore woodless) areas.--Ulamm (talk) 22:22, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ll


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Animals That Swim

Animals That Swim are a musical group who formed in London, England, 1989, with a line-up of stand-up drums, piano, trumpet and "a nifty line in clever narrative lyrics". In March 2011 they recorded two new songs for online release, originally intended as the first tracks from an as yet untitled album.

History
The band was initially formed by brothers Hugh Barker and Hank Starrs (born Jeffrey Barker), before adding a third brother to the line-up, Al Barker, along with Del Crabtree, initially on bass guitar, followed by the trumpet. Throughout their history, the group had numerous bass players; Charlie Luciano (original line-up), then Crabtree, Dave Harris (1991), Lenie Mets (1991–93), Anthony Coote (1993-6) and Terry De Castro (2000–01).

Animals That Swim released their debut single, "King Beer", in 1992 via their own Beachheads In Space record label. It was a 7" vinyl-only release, limited to just 300 copies. Their second single, "Roy" (which took the form of an imaginary conversation with the ghost of Roy Orbison), was released the following year. This, along with their third single, "50 Dresses" - a 10" vinyl-only EP - helped the band come to wider attention as the group won critical acclaim for their mixture of "slice of life" lyrics and magic realism, and their distinctive use of the trumpet as a lead instrument.

Having had several single of the weeks in the UK's national music press, the band issued a further single in September, 1994, "Madame Yevonde", as a prelude to their debut album Workshy. The single's title, along with the album's sleeve art, both referenced the British photography pioneer of the same name. "Pink Carnations", a 5-track single, followed 6 months later, featuring an alternate version to the album mix. 'Workshy' was number 15 in the NME's list of best albums of 1994.

The band issued two albums on the Elemental label, but work on a third LP eventually ground to a halt after Elemental was taken over by One Little Indian in 1996. In 1999, a demo, "Dirt", was featured on a various artists EP on the independent Snowstorm label, which subsequently commissioned a third Animals That Swim album, some of which was recorded in producer Dare Mason's home. In a preview article for a gig at The Monarch, London on 9 August 2000, John Robinson, writing for The Guardian, commented on the band's comeback from a three-year absence;

"Animals That Swim — the group of beaten-looking thirtysomethings that [Hank] fronts — are the vehicle for his observations, and having enjoyed a penurious existence for eight years, this gig, after a three-year gap, represents a suitably down-at-heel return to public performance. The group's evident poverty is only matched, however, by the richness of their music."

The band was inactive from 2001 to 2011, although Snowstorm issued a best of compilation album, Faded Glamour in 2004, with sleevenotes by Hugh Barker.

Recent updates
In 2007 frontman and lead singer Hank Starrs – now a film producer and writer — made a brief comeback to guest on the single "Direct Hit" with English art-pop group Art Brut. Hugh Barker works a publishing director, and is co-author of Faking It, a book about authenticity in music. His second book Hedge Britannia was published by Bloomsbury in March 2012. Al Barker went to university and got a degree in history and journalism in 2007; he now works in music, theatre and tourism. The band were asked to play gigs in London in 2008, but they declined.

In 2009, former Animals That Swim and Goya Dress bassist Terry De Castro (better known as a member of Cinerama and The Wedding Present) released a cover version of the group's song "East St. O'Neill" on her solo album A Casa Verde.

In March 2011, the band recorded two new songs, "Tiny Lucifer" and "Silver Rays", which were released online on iTunes, with the detail announced on the band's Wordpress blog.

Plans to record more songs are currently on hold as the band have been unable to find enough spare time to get into a recording studio.

Workshy was set to be re-released on 3 February 2017 through One Little Indian Records.

In July 2017 Del blew on some tunes for the Chasing Chevrons EP by South London song-smith Jamie Skint.

Band members

 * Hugh Barker – guitar
 * Hank Starrs – vocals, drums
 * Al Barker – keyboards, guitar
 * Del Crabtree – bass guitar, trumpet

Studio albums

 * Workshy (1994)
 * I Was the King, I Really Was the King (1996)
 * Happiness From A Distant Star (2001)

Compilation albums

 * Faded Glamour: The Best of Animals That Swim (2004)

Singles and EPs

 * "King Beer" (7", 1992)
 * "Roy"/"Weary Mind" (7", 1993)
 * "50 Dresses" EP (10", 1993)
 * "Madame Yevonde" (7"/CD, 1994)
 * "Pink Carnations" EP (7"/CD, 1995)
 * "The Greenhouse" (7"/CD, 1996)
 * "Faded Glamour" (7"/CD, 1996)
 * "The Moon And The Mothership" (7"/CD, 2001)
 * "All Your Stars Are Out" (7", 2001)
 * "Tiny Lucifer"/"Silver Rays" (download, 2011)

title: Animals That Swim


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To the Inhabitants of America

"To the Inhabitants of America" is an open letter written by former Continental Army Major General Benedict Arnold not long after his defection to the British side in the American Revolutionary War. The letter, dated October 7, 1780, was published in New York on October 11. In it, he explains his justification for his actions.

Background
Benedict Arnold entered the American Revolution as a patriot fighting for American independence. Arnold had many successful campaigns, and was considered by many to be the best general and most accomplished leader in the Continental Army. In September 1777 he led a division of the army commanded by Horatio Gates against British General John Burgoyne at the Battle of Freeman's Farm. Following that battle, disagreements between Arnold and Gates boiled over, for reasons including Gates' failure to credit Arnold for his role in the battle, and Gates removed Arnold from command. In the Battle of Bemis Heights in early October, Arnold, against Gates' orders, took to the battlefield, where he played a key role in rallying the troops to attack the British position. In 1778 the American rebels formed an alliance with France, which Arnold was very much opposed to (as demonstrated by the letter). Arnold also made enemies everywhere he went, including politically well-connected military officers and members of the Continental Congress. Charges and countercharges between Arnold and his enemies led to multiple courts martial and investigations of Arnold's financial management of his various commands. These actions, and the influence of his second wife, Peggy Shippen, the daughter of a wealthy Philadelphia Loyalist, led Arnold to begin negotiations to change sides with British Major John André in 1779.

In July 1780, Arnold sought and obtained command of the fort at West Point. Arnold offered to hand the fort over to the British for £20,300 and a Brigadier's commission. Arnold's plot was exposed in September 1780 when Major André was captured by American troops while carrying incriminating documents. Arnold fled to New York City when he learned of André's capture; on October 2, 1780 at Tappan, New York, the thirty-year-old André was hanged as a British spy.

The letter
To explain and justify his actions, Arnold wrote an open letter dated October 7, 1780 that was published on October 11 in New York by the Royal Gazette. This letter to "The Inhabitants of America" outlined what Arnold saw as the corruption, lies, and tyranny of the Second Continental Congress and the Patriot leadership.

Arnold said in the letter that he supported the War of Independence to get a redress of grievances. But he argued that once Great Britain granted the redress, there was no reason to continue the war. Arnold believed this had been achieved when the British Government offered terms for peace. So he encouraged Americans to reject the Declaration of Independence and return to the British Empire.

Arnold also objected to the Americans' alliance with France. He thought France was too weak to establish America's independence. He depicted Catholic France as "the enemy of the Protestant faith" and accused France of speaking of liberty while holding its people in bondage.

In his argument, Arnold made a plea to the "common sense" of this action. His choice of words alluded to Thomas Paine's pamphlet, Common Sense, which had been circulating in America since 1776.

Arnold was living in British-controlled New York when his letter was published and he had been given a commission as a British officer. The letter "To the Inhabitants of America" was the first in a series of letters directed at different groups in America. He followed it with "A Proclamation to the Officers and Soldiers of the Continental Army" dated October 20, 1780. These letters essentially echoed common Loyalist opinion.

American reactions
Many New England newspapers published responses to Arnold's letter. The Connecticut Courant published a response by Noah Webster that answered Arnold with "patriotic ardor." The normally even-tempered Washington's reaction to Arnold's treason was very bitter; he saw Arnold as villainous, misguided, and completely evil.

title: To the Inhabitants of America


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Larceny

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was N/A. jni 16:01, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Category:Larceny
Actually, this relates to Category:Larceny. I created this category, but realized the more correct category is "Theft," which already existed. Larceny is not really a category, or sub-category. As the author, I ask for deletion, or speedy deletion. --BenWilson 20:43, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * You should mark it as (i.e. Categories for deletion) and follow the procedure there. If you created it mistakenly, it probably will be quickly removed. Radiant! 21:54, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: I changed the section title to Category:Larceny, since we're not talking about the article about larceny here. (However, I see no point in moving this VfD sub-page to reflect that change.) I've also listed the category for speedy deletion. --MarkSweep 08:54, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I'm still learning. I'll fix this on another category. --BenWilson 19:29, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Larceny


text:
Faial da Terra

Faial da Terra is a civil parish in the municipality of Povoação on the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 359, in an area of 11.38 km2. It contains the localities Burguete, Faial da Terra, Outeiro, Rebentão, and Sanguinho.

Geography
The civil parish is located on the southeastern coast of the island fronting the Atlantic Ocean, with the interior occupied by the Nordeste massif, crowned by Pico da Vara, the highest point on the island. To the west and east are the neighbouring parishes of the municipality of Povoação, that include: Furnas and Povação (to the west) and Água Retorta (to the east).

Apart from the village, there is a smaller collection of houses known as Sanguinho, located upriver. By way of a trail, this site links to the town and the waterfalls at Salto do Prego.

Economy
The community is primarily involved in agriculture and husbandry, as well as commerce related to the same. Artisanal products produced in Faial da Terra include basket-weaving, embroidery, needlework and artefacts in wood.

Architecture
In addition to fountains, a band shelter and a bust of Father Elias, watermills, lookouts and the old whaling port,

the
 * Church of Nossa Senhora da Graça (Igreja Paroquial de Faial da Terra/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Graça)
 * Hermitage of Nossa Senhora de Lurdes (Ermida do Faial da Terra/Ermida de Nossa Senhora de Lurdes), although a popular religious site, it was damaged by an earthquake on 5 July 1932.

Culture
The parish celebrates feasts associated with Nossa Senhora da Graça (Our Lady of Grace) on second Sunday in September, and whose images are located in the parochial church. Associated with the Cult of the Holy Spirit there feast days following Pentecosts, and include celebrations at the Impérios Ascensão, Trindade and S. João.

In addition to the typically-Azorean dishes, Faial da Terra is known for Fervedouro, Molho de fígado and Sopa de Tomate de Tia Conceição; typical meals including the annual Holy Spirit soups, associated with the religious Cult of the Holy Spirit, Papas grossas, Bolo da Sertã, Torresmos, Morcela and Chouriço.

Among the musical and social groups found in the community are the Sociedade Musical “Sagrado Coração de Jesus” (Musical Society "Sacred Heart of Jesus") and Grupo Desportivo de Faial da Terra (Faial da Terra Sporting Group).

title: Faial da Terra


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Embezzlement

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was N/A. jni 16:01, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Category:Embezzlement
THIS IS ABOUT THE CATEGORY, Not the Entry.

Delete This category is too specific. Theft is the more correct category, and it exists. Presently, there are no articles in this category; although in full disclosure, I re-categorized the Embezzlement article to Theft. --BenWilson 20:45, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * You should mark it as (i.e. Categories for deletion) and follow the procedure there. Empty categories tend to qualify for deletion. Radiant! 21:55, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Wilco. --BenWilson 19:32, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)


text:
User:MVolpe

MVolpe is the Wikipedia username of Michael J. Volpe Jr., who was born on June 25, 1979 in Brooklyn, New York. He currently resides in Staten Island, New York. Educated at Staten Island Community College, he graduated with an A.A. in Liberal Arts in 2001, B.A. in Political Science with a minor in Philosophy (2003) and an M.A. in Liberal Studies (2005).

title: User:MVolpe


text:
Mink oil

Mink oil is an oil used in medical and cosmetic products. It is obtained by the rendering of mink fat which has been removed from pelts bound for the fur industry.

In spite of the term on products labeled “mink oil“, many commercial versions of so-named leather conditioner contain no natural mink oil whatsoever.

Characteristics
Mink oil is a source of palmitoleic acid, which possesses physical properties similar to human sebum. Because of this, mink oil is used in several medical and cosmetic products. Mink oil is also used for treating, conditioning and preserving nearly any type of leather.

Botanical alternatives to mink oil as a source of palmitoleic acid include macadamia oil (Macadamia integrifolia) and sea buckthorn oil (Hippophae rhamnoides), both of which contain as much or more palmitoleic acid (17% and 19–29% respectively) than does mink oil (17%).

Mink oil and its fatty acids are unique among animal-derived fats and oils. The unsaturated fatty acids in mink oil account for more than 75% of its fatty acid content, but the oil, nevertheless, has a greater oxidative stability (resistance to rancidity) than other animal or vegetable oils.

title: Mink oil


text: Category:Tourism in Singapore

title: Category:Tourism in Singapore


text:
Herman Cain

Herman Cain (December 13, 1945 –July 30, 2020) was an American businessman and Tea Party movement activist in the Republican Party. Cain graduated from Morehouse College with a bachelor's degree in mathematics. He then earned a master's degree in computer science at Purdue University while also working full-time for the U.S. Department of the Navy. In 1977, he joined the Pillsbury Company where he later became vice president. During the 1980s, Cain's success as a business executive at Burger King prompted Pillsbury to appoint him as chairman and CEO of Godfather's Pizza, in which capacity he worked from 1986 to 1996.

Cain was chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Omaha Branch from 1989 to 1991. He was deputy chairman, from 1992 to 1994, and then chairman until 1996, of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. In 1995, he was appointed to the Kemp Commission and, in 1996, he served as a senior economic adviser to Bob Dole's presidential campaign. From 1996 to 1999, Cain was president and CEO of the National Restaurant Association.

In May 2011, Cain announced his 2012 presidential candidacy. By the fall, his proposed 9–9–9 tax plan and debating performances had made him a serious contender for the Republican nomination. In November, however, Cain was accused of sexual harassment by multiple women. Cain denied the allegations, but announced the suspension of his campaign on December 3. He remained active in the Republican Party, and was a co-chairman of Black Voices for Trump in the 2020 election cycle.

Cain died from COVID-19 on July 30, 2020, at the age of 74.

Early life
Herman Cain was born on December 13, 1945, in Memphis, Tennessee, to Lenora Davis Cain (1925–1982), a cleaning woman and domestic worker, and Luther Cain (1925–2005), who was raised on a farm and worked as a barber and janitor, as well as a chauffeur for Robert W. Woodruff, the president of The Coca-Cola Company. Cain said that as he was growing up, his family was "poor but happy." Cain related that his mother taught him about her belief that "success was not a function of what you start out with materially, but what you start out with spiritually." His father worked three jobs to own his own home—which he achieved during Cain's childhood—and to allow his two sons to attend college.

Cain grew up on the west side of Atlanta, attending S. H. Archer High School and the Rev. Cameron M. Alexander's Antioch Baptist Church North in the neighborhood now known as The Bluff. Eventually the family moved to a modest brick home on Albert Street in the Collier Heights neighborhood. He graduated from high school in 1963.

Education and career
In 1967, Cain graduated from Morehouse College with a Bachelor of Science in mathematics. In 1971, he received a Master of Science in computer science from Purdue University, while working full-time as a ballistics analyst for the U.S. Department of the Navy as a civilian.

After completing his master's degree at Purdue, Cain left the Department of the Navy and began working for Coca-Cola in Atlanta as a computer systems analyst. In 1977, he moved to Minneapolis to join Pillsbury, becoming director of business analysis in its restaurant and foods group in 1978.

Burger King and Godfather's Pizza
At age 36, Cain was assigned to analyze and manage 400 Burger King stores in the Philadelphia area. At the time, Burger King was a Pillsbury subsidiary. Under Cain, his region posted strong improvement in three years. According to a 1987 account in the Minneapolis Star Tribune, Pillsbury's then-president Win Wallin said, "He was an excellent bet. Herman always seemed to have his act together." At Burger King, Cain "established the BEAMER program, which taught our employees, mostly teenagers, how to make our patrons smile" by smiling themselves. It was a success: "Within three months of the program's initiation, the sales trend was moving steadily higher."

Cain's success at Burger King prompted Pillsbury to appoint him president and CEO of another subsidiary, Godfather's Pizza. On his arrival on April 1, 1986, Cain told employees, "I'm Herman Cain and this ain't no April Fool's joke. We are not dead. Our objective is to prove to Pillsbury and everyone else that we will survive." Godfather's Pizza was performing poorly, having slipped in ranks of pizza chains from third in 1985 to fifth in 1988. Under Cain's leadership, Godfather's closed approximately 200 restaurants and eliminated several thousand jobs, and by doing so returned to profitability. In a leveraged buyout in 1988, Cain, executive vice president and COO Ronald B. Gartlan, and a group of investors bought Godfather's from Pillsbury.

Federal Reserve Bank and National Restaurant Association
Cain served as chairman of the board of the Omaha Branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City from January 1, 1989, to December 31, 1991. He became a member of the board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City in 1992. He served as deputy chairman from January 1, 1992, to December 31, 1994, and then as its chairman until August 19, 1996, when he resigned to become active in national politics.

Cain left Godfather's Pizza in 1996 and moved to the District of Columbia, From 1996 to 1999 he served as CEO of the National Restaurant Association, a trade group and lobbying organization for the restaurant industry, on whose board of directors he had previously served. Cain's lobbying work for the association led to a number of connections to Republican lawmakers and politicians. Under Cain's leadership, the Association lobbied against increases to the minimum wage, mandatory health care benefits, regulations against smoking, and lowering the blood alcohol limit that determines whether one is driving under the influence.

Cain was on the board of directors of Aquila, Inc., Nabisco, Whirlpool, Reader's Digest, and AGCO.

After Cain's term with the restaurant advocacy group ended in 1999, he returned to Omaha for about a year, then moved to his hometown of Atlanta in 2000.

Media work
Cain wrote a syndicated op-ed column, which was distributed by the North Star Writers Group.

Cain appeared in the 2009 documentary An Inconvenient Tax. From 2008 to February 2011, Cain hosted The Herman Cain Show on Atlanta talk radio station WSB. On January 19, 2012, Cain began working for WSB again by providing daily commentaries, while occasionally filling in for Erick Erickson and Neal Boortz.

Cain took over Boortz's radio talk show on January 21, 2013, upon Boortz's retirement. The show was dropped from the Westwood One Radio Network in December 2016 in favor of The Chris Plante Show, but continued to air in limited syndication through WSB's owner, Cox Radio.

On February 15, 2013, Fox News Channel announced Cain would join the network as a contributor. In March 2019, Cain was a panelist on a Watter's World episode.

Recognition
Cain received the 1996 Horatio Alger Award and was bestowed with honorary degrees from Creighton University, Johnson & Wales University, Morehouse College, the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, the New York City College of Technology, Purdue University, Suffolk University, and Tougaloo College.

Then former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, Jack Kemp, referred to Cain as "the Colin Powell of American capitalism". Kemp stated that Cain's "conquests won't be counted in terms of countries liberated or lives saved, but in those things that make life worth living—expanding opportunity, creating jobs and broadening horizons, not just for those he knows, but through his example, for those he'll never meet."

Possible nomination to the Federal Reserve Board
On April 4, 2019, President Donald Trump said that he intended to nominate Cain to the second of the two vacant seats on the Federal Reserve Board. Assessing the possible nomination, news publications reviewed Cain's sexual misconduct allegations that preceded his withdrawal from the 2012 presidential election. Cain acknowledged that the nomination process would be "more cumbersome" for him due to his "unusual career". He initially stated that he was not considering withdrawing his name from consideration for the seat. After it appeared likely that he would not receive enough votes to support his confirmation, Cain withdrew on April 22, 2019.

Black Voices for Trump
In the 2020 election cycle, Cain was a co-chairman of Black Voices for Trump.

Role in the defeat of 1993 Clinton health care plan
In 1994, as president-elect of the National Restaurant Association, Cain challenged President Bill Clinton on the costs of the employer mandate contained within the Health Security Act and criticized the effect on small businesses. Bob Cohn of Newsweek described Cain as one of the primary opponents of the plan: "The Clintons would later blame 'Harry and Louise,' the fictional couple in the ads aired by the insurance industry, for undermining health reform. But the real saboteurs are named Herman and John. Herman Cain is the president of Godfather's Pizza and president-elect of the National Restaurant Association. An articulate entrepreneur, Cain transformed the debate when he challenged Clinton at a town meeting in Kansas City, Missouri. Cain asked the president what he was supposed to say to the workers he would have to lay off because of the cost of the 'employer mandate'. Clinton responded that there would be plenty of subsidies for small businessmen, but Cain persisted. 'Quite honestly, your calculation is inaccurate,' he told the president. 'In the competitive marketplace it simply doesn't work that way.'"

Because Kemp was impressed with Cain's performance, he chartered a plane to Nebraska to meet Cain after the debate. As a result, Cain was appointed to the Kemp Commission in 1995.

Joshua Green of The Atlantic called Cain's exchange with President Clinton his "auspicious debut on the national political stage."

Senior adviser to 1996 Dole campaign
Cain was a senior economic adviser to the Bob Dole presidential campaign in 1996.

2000 presidential campaign
Cain briefly ran for the Republican presidential nomination in 2000. He later said in looking back at the effort that it was more about making political statements than winning the nomination. "George W. Bush was the chosen one, he had the campaign DNA that followers look for." However, Cain went on to state, "I believe that I had a better message and I believe that I was the better messenger." After ending his own campaign, however, he endorsed Steve Forbes.

2004 U.S. Senate campaign
In 2004 Cain ran for the U.S. Senate in Georgia and did not win in the primaries. He was pursuing the seat that came open with the retirement of Democrat Zell Miller. Cain sought the Republican nomination, facing congressmen Johnny Isakson and Mac Collins in the primary. Collins tried to paint Cain as a moderate, citing Cain's support for affirmative action programs, while Cain argued that he was a conservative, noting that he opposed the legality of abortion except when the mother's life is threatened. Cain finished second in the primary with 26.2% of the vote, ahead of Collins, who won 20.6%, but because Isakson won 53.2% of the vote, Isakson was able to avoid a runoff.

Americans for Prosperity and America's PAC
Starting in 2005, Cain worked for the political advocacy group Americans for Prosperity (AFP) alongside Mark Block. Block would later become campaign manager for Cain's 2012 presidential run and would be joined in Cain's campaign by several other AFP employees. Cain continued to receive honoraria for speaking at AFP events until he announced his campaign for the Republican nomination. Cain's senior economic advisor during his 2012 presidential campaign, Rich Lowrie, who helped devise Cain's 9–9–9 tax plan, had served on the AFP board. In 2006, Cain voiced several radio ads encouraging people of color to vote Republican; the ads were funded by a group called America's PAC and its founder J. Patrick Rooney.

2012 presidential campaign
A Tea Party activist, Cain addressed numerous Tea Party rallies in 2010. Following the 2010 midterm elections, Cain announced his intentions to run for president in December 2010, stating that there was a 70% chance that he would attempt to seek the office. Later that month, he was the "surprise choice" for 2012 GOP nominee in a RedState reader poll. Cain announced the formation of an exploratory committee on January 12, 2011, before formally announcing his candidacy on May 21 in Atlanta.

Straw poll victories
Cain's addresses to conservative groups were well received, and in late September and early October 2011, Cain won the straw polls of the Florida Republican Party, TeaCon, and the National Federation of Republican Women's Convention. "My focus groups have consistently picked Herman Cain as the most likeable candidate in the debates," said GOP pollster Frank Luntz. "Don't underestimate the power of likability, even in a Republican primary. The more likeable the candidate, the greater the electoral potential."

9–9–9 Plan
In July 2011, an advisor suggested that his campaign's tax policy plan be called "the Optimal Tax", but Cain rejected the name, saying "we're just going to call it what it is: 9–9–9 Plan." The plan would have replaced the then current tax code with a 9-percent business transactions tax, a 9-percent personal income tax, and a 9-percent federal sales tax. During a debate on October 12, Cain said his plan "expands the base," arguing that "when you expand the base, we can arrive at the lowest possible rate, which is 9–9–9." An analysis released to Bloomberg News by the campaign claimed that the rate for each of the three taxes could in fact be as low as 7.3%, but "poverty grants"—which Cain described as a lower rate in targeted "empowerment zones" —necessitated a national rate of nine percent. Paul Krugman criticized the plan, saying it shifts much of the current tax burden from the rich to the poor. Arthur Laffer, Lawrence Kudlow, the Club for Growth, and Congressman Paul Ryan spoke favorably of the plan. On October 21, Cain told a crowd in Detroit that the plan would be 9–0–9 for the poor, saying that "if you are at or below the poverty level ... then you don't pay that middle nine on your income." Cain's 9–9–9 plan attracted skepticism from his fellow candidates at numerous Republican debates.

Sexual harassment allegations
In late October 2011, Politico reported that Cain had been accused by two women of sexual harassment and misconduct during his time as CEO of the National Restaurant Association in the late 1990s. Two other women made additional harassment accusations later on. Cain acknowledged that the restaurant organization made financial settlements to the complainants. Two of the four women came forward publicly: Sharon Bialek and Karen Kraushaar.

On November 28, 2011, Cain asserted that a woman named Ginger White claimed to have had an affair with him and that the allegation was not true. In an interview with White, which aired on the same day, she stated that the affair lasted 13 years and ended right before Cain announced his presidential campaign. On November 30, 2011, at an event in Dayton, Ohio, Cain denounced the allegations of sexual harassment and adultery.

End of 2012 campaign
On December 3, 2011, Cain suspended his campaign. The sexual harassment claims were widely considered responsible for the sharp drop in his poll numbers.

According to a Pew Research Center report on December 21, 2011, Cain was the "most covered candidate" among the Republicans during that year.

Cain's Solutions Revolution
On January 4, 2012, Cain announced the "Cain's Solutions Revolution". Cain's stated goal was to get commitments from members of Congress to support the 9–9–9 Plan before the 2012 elections. Cain stated that he started a new movement because the "biggest comment I got when I ended my candidacy was to keep 9–9–9 alive. That's what this is about, and I'm going to keep it alive with what I'm calling Cain's Solutions Revolution." In order to promote this movement, Cain employed both a bus tour and a new website. New York magazine stated, "It's Cain's earnest effort to keep 9–9–9 alive and focus on solutions." On January 20, 2012, Cain spoke at Stephen Colbert's "Rock Me Like a Herman Cain: South Cain-Olina Primary Rally". The Huffington Post reported the crowd size was between 3,000 and 5,000 people. It was described at the time as "the largest campaign rally so far during this GOP presidential primary season".

State of the Union response
For President Barack Obama's 2012 State of the Union address, the Tea Party Express chose Cain to give its second annual response. After Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels gave the official GOP response, Cain delivered his speech at the National Press Club. The speech was streamed live on the Tea Party Express website. Cain referred to Obama's address as a "hodgepodge of liberal ideas," adding that there were "no big ideas that would impact job growth" and "no big ideas that would stimulate economic growth in this country."

Call for a third party
Although Mitt Romney was endorsed by Cain on May 15, 2012, he would eventually lose the general election to President Obama. Cain then told Bryan Fischer that the Republican Party no longer represented the interests of conservatives in the United States and that it did not have "the ability to rebrand itself." He asserted that "a legitimate third party" would be needed to replace it.

Personal life
Cain married Gloria Etchison of Atlanta, soon after her graduation from Morris Brown College in 1968. The couple had two children, Melanie and Vincent, and four grandchildren.

Cain served as an associate minister at the Antioch Baptist Church North in Atlanta, which he joined at the age of 10. The church is part of the National Baptist Convention and is politically liberal and theologically conservative. The church's senior pastor, Rev. Cameron M. Alexander, did not share Cain's political philosophy.

Disclosures filed during Cain's 2011 campaign categorized his wealth at that time as being between $2.9 and $6.6 million, with Cain's combined income for both 2010 and 2011 being between $1.1 and $2.1 million.

Health and death
In 2006, Cain was diagnosed with Stage IV colon cancer and metastasis to his liver, with a 30 percent chance of survival. After he underwent surgery and chemotherapy, the cancer was reported to be in remission.

Cain opposed masking and social distancing mandates during the COVID-19 pandemic. He attended the 2020 Tulsa Trump rally on June 20 and was photographed not wearing a face mask in a crowd who also were not wearing masks. On June 29, Cain tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia and was admitted to an Atlanta-area hospital two days later. On July 2, Cain's staff said there was "no way of knowing for sure how or where" he contracted the disease. Dan Calabrese, the editor of Cain's website, said, "I realize people will speculate about the Tulsa rally, but Herman did a lot of traveling [that] week, including to Arizona where cases [were] spiking."

Cain died of complications from COVID-19 on July 30, 2020, at the age of 74. In her 2023 book, Cassidy Hutchinson noted that, upon hearing of Cain's passing, Mark Meadows remarked that "we killed Herman Cain" in reference to the 2020 Tulsa rally.

title: Herman Cain


text:
Talk:Educational entertainment

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): StephanieJL.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 20:13, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
This article should mention what a crappy little bit of Newspeak this word is. Nasty, ugly little bugger, isn't it? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 138.163.0.43 (talk) 19:24, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

haw haw

While this phrase can be considered a neologism, I believe that it has become the most common term for this concept. I recommend that the content at Entertainment-Education be merged into this article. Rossami (talk) 06:54, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes. Edutain is just another form of the word Edutainment.  They mean the same thing ard aren't different enough to warrant seperate articles.--Anoma lee 06:52, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Merge. I agree that these two articles should be merged. Kuki ni 14:07, 15 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, of course. HistoryBA 15:59, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

You should also metion the fact that there use of it in computers, particularly Linux Distrobutions and KDE 68.148.138.209 21:06, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Etymology
We need a citation if we are going to credit a specific person with coining this word. -Kukini 16:19, 4 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Someone familiar with dime museums might be able to come up with an antebellum citation. --Damian Yerrick (talk | stalk) 03:32, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

First Example of Edutainment
The first example in the introduction just gives a note marker to the link in the notes section. There is no descirption of how this note pertains to Edutainment. Additionally, I fail to see the 'Edutainment' aspect of said note/site. It is a website with gallaries of pictures with next to no explanation of what is in the pictures. I would suggest removing the note from the article. - Everchanging02 20:21, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

terminology
I'll see if I can dig up some citations, but "edutainment" usually refers to a specific cultural era, mainly the educational software of the 1980s and 90s, at which time computers in education were new, and educational software was extremely widespread (nearly every school district had Apple ][ machines with lots of software). Modern-day producers of games that aim to also inform generally don't use the term, and call their work serious games instead; within the game studies literature that's also the main modern term, with "edutainment" used only when analyzing historical games of the 80s/90s era. --Delirium (talk) 08:00, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Merge edutainment, educational game, and educational software
Hi there! I was looking over education game-related articles, and there's quite a bit of overlap. Here's what I've found: These concepts are all very loosely and poorly defined on Wikipedia. It seems that no one had a clear understanding of what these respective terms mean when they wrote the articles. I don't even know what they mean, and scholarship seems rather flexible on the terminology and categorization as well. I recommend that we combine closely-related concepts into one article and give each article a clear purpose. As much as possible, it would be helpful to distinguish between different levels of educational content. We could have three categories: purely educational resources (such as a dictionary application), educational resources that incorporate game elements (such as My Chinese Coach) and games that have an incidental or partial learning element (such as Sim City). I'd very much like to hear more ideas, though.
 * Edutainment - "Edutainment (also infotainment or entertainment-education) is a form of entertainment designed to educate as well as to amuse."
 * Educational game - "Educational games are games that are designed to teach people about certain subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand an historical event or culture, or assist them in learning a skill as they play. The types of games include board, card, and video games."
 * Educational software - "The design of educational software programmes for home use has been influenced strongly by computer gaming concepts – in other words, they are designed to be fun as well as educational. However as far as possible a distinction should be drawn between proper learning titles (such as these) and software where the gaming outweighs the educational value (described later)."
 * Educational software - "In a broader sense, the term edutainment describes an intentional merger of computer games and educational software into a single product (and could therefore also comprise more serious titles described above under children’s learning software)."
 * Educational software - "These are games which were originally developed for adults or older children and which have potential learning implications. For the most part, these games provide simulations of different kinds of human activities, allowing players to explore a variety of social, historical and economic processes."
 * Educational toys - "While it is not uncommon to find computers in the modern elementary school classroom, it is not yet common to find children actively engaged in video games for educational development. However, as computers and video games take an ever larger role in our lives and the lives of children, so too will their role in educational toys and games."
 * Video Games in Education - "It is important to emphasize how video games interact with the learning process of adolescents and children."

In any case, the current state of affairs simply can't go on. It's confusing and redundant, and makes it difficult to categorize related articles. Please share your thoughts and let me know what you'd like to do with these articles. Thanks! CaseyPenk (talk) 12:54, 31 May 2012 (UTC)

 * I agree that some of these articles or sections could be merged. A distinction should be kept, however, between software (including video games) and physical toys. There are a lot of sources spread across these various articles, and if you have time to read through some of them, it may be helpful in generating a more coherent organization of the content.Dialectric (talk) 11:19, 26 June 2014 (UTC)

Upcoming Changes
Hello, everyone! For about a month now, I have been researching and planning out how I can use what I have learned to improve this article, and thus am hoping to start transferring the larger edits I have practiced in my Sandbox onto the actual article. In summary, with the changes that I will make, I want to improve the article's comprehensiveness and organization. For example, I am planning on adding a "History" section with the subsections of "Concept" and "Terminology" so that readers will still be aware of the differing timelines of the entire concept and its actual terminology. Additionally, I think that the article would be better understood by viewers if all of the subsections under “By media” and “By setting outside of the classroom” were put under a section called “Application,” since all of them represent how the concept of edutainment is apparent in these forms; with this proposition, I have practiced the creation of a subsection entitled "Theme parks" and have worked on already existing ones. Also, I have written out a section about the effects of edutainment and its implementation. Since I want to make sure that the significance of the ties between academia and edutainment will still be acknowledged in the article (and because most of the studies I found regarding the effects of edutainment have been in association with the classroom setting), I came up with the idea of making a section entitled “Effects in the classroom.” That way, the research that has been done in association with specific and singular vehicles of edutainment can remain in their respective subsections. Lastly, to make the article more balanced in its representation of the reception of edutainment, I am adding a "Criticism" section.

Within the next day, I will be making these (and some less major) changes to the article; I truly hope that doing so will largely improve the article as a whole. If any of you have any questions about my edits, want clarification, or have any feedback for me, please let me know. And, of course, feel free to bolster what I add with more information. I would be more than happy to work with you all in order to help make this article reach its full potential.

--StephanieJL (talk) 21:18, 27 April 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Educational entertainment


text: File:Shout to the Lord 2000.gif

title: File:Shout to the Lord 2000.gif


text:
Talk:Government of Ireland Act 1920

Untitled
I propose making certain wording changes in respect of the word "state" as currently used in the article. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 provided for the establishment of, and the devolution of certain powers to, two Parliaments in Ireland. It did not, however, establish two new "states" as far as that term is understood in international law. "Northern Ireland" and "Southern Ireland" were, in the terms of the 1920 Act, to remain parts of the state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Even though "Northern Ireland" did come into being, it was not and never has been a state. -- Picapica 20:53, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed, this is a fair deduction. Djegan 21:13, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Article now revised in accordance with the above proposal. -- Picapica 08:06, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

"An Act to Provide for the Better Government of Ireland"

I would prefer the word "worse" :) (mango2002)

"The Act came to be revered by Unionists"
I removed the last nine words of this (unsourced) sentence: Though it was not originally desired by Unionists, the Act came to be revered by the Unionist community as the foundation of the union with Great Britain. I removed it because the union with Great Britain was "founded" by the Act of Union of 1800, and not by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. There is no evidence of Unionists revering the 1920 Act as the foundation of the Union, and not likely to be any, given that it wasn't the foundation of the Union, and given that Unionists at the time were campaigning to maintain the Union, not to found it.

Unfortunately, an editor reverted this edit to restore the unsourced and untrue statement. Mooretwin (talk) 13:09, 3 May 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree with Mooretwin's analyisis. However, to comply with process I've tagged it as Dubious.  If it is not cited within, say, 10 days then it can and should be deleted.

Irish Convention 1917-18
I've added Irish Convention to the "see also"s as it was a part of the process leading to the Long Committee's plans. It and the 1920 Act were of course ignored by Sinn Féin, at the time, but it takes two to tango.78.18.231.6 (talk) 11:08, 1 December 2013 (UTC)

The UK entered World War I
It's important that the article should mention the UK entered World War I in 1914, not just Britain. As all of Ireland was part of the UK at the time both Great Britain and Ireland were at war with Germany. This was the only thing that made the Easter Rising and Anglo-Irish War possible. Had the UK not been at war in Europe any uprising would have been crushed instantly. (92.11.201.168 (talk) 22:48, 14 January 2014 (UTC))

title: Talk:Government of Ireland Act 1920


text:
Creative Assembly

The Creative Assembly Limited (trade name: Creative Assembly) is a British video game developer based in Horsham, founded in 1987 by Tim Ansell. In its early years, the company worked on porting games to MS-DOS from Amiga and ZX Spectrum platforms, later working with Electronic Arts to produce a variety of games under the EA Sports brand. In 1999, the company had sufficient resources to attempt a new and original project, proceeding to develop the strategy computer game Shogun: Total War which was a critical and commercial hit, and is regarded as a benchmark strategy game. Subsequent titles in the Total War series built on the success of Shogun: Total War, increasing the company's critical and commercial success.

In March 2005, Creative Assembly was acquired by Sega and became part of Sega Europe. An Australian branch was operated from Fortitude Valley, Queensland as Sega Studios Australia. Under Sega, further Total War titles were developed, and Creative Assembly entered the console market with action-adventure games such as Spartan: Total Warrior, Viking: Battle for Asgard and Alien: Isolation.

Founding (1987–1998)
Creative Assembly was founded in 1987 by Tim Ansell. Ansell had begun professional computer programming in 1985, working on video games for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, and Atari 8-bit computers. Initially, Ansell kept the company small so he could personally work on computer programming. The company's early work, often produced personally by Ansell, involved porting games from the Amiga to MS-DOS, such as the 1989 titles Geoff Crammond's Stunt Car Racer and Shadow of the Beast by Psygnosis. Creative Assembly began work with Electronic Arts in 1993, producing titles under the EA Sports label, starting with the DOS version of the early FIFA games. With EA Sports, Creative Assembly was able to produce low development risk products bearing official league endorsements. The company's products included Rugby World Cup titles for 1995 and 2001, the game for the 1999 Cricket World Cup and the Australian Football League games for 1998 and 1999, of which the AFL 98 title was particularly successful in the Australian market. When it became clear that the company needed to expand further, Ansell employed Michael Simpson in 1996 as creative director. Simpson, a microchip designer turned video game designer, later became the driving force for the creative design of the Total War series. Ansell left Creative Assembly after Sega acquired the developer in 2005, later on, Tim Heaton took over as studio director.

Early Total War titles (1999–2004)
As a result of their success in sports titles, by 1999 Creative Assembly had sufficient resources and backing from Electronic Arts to develop more high risk titles in other genres. The result was Shogun: Total War, the company's breakthrough title. A blend of real-time tactics and turn-based gameplay, Shogun: Total War was announced in early 1999. The game focused the Sengoku period of Japanese feudal history, and upon its release in June 2000 it was met with critical acclaim. The game won multiple industry awards and became regarded as one of the benchmark strategy video games. Inhouse composer Jeff van Dyck won both a BAFTA and an EMMA award for his work on the game's soundtrack. In May 2001, Creative Assembly announced The Mongol Invasion, an expansion pack focusing on the earlier Mongol invasions of Japan. Released in August 2001, the expansion pack also received a positive response.

Soon after, Creative Assembly broke away from Electronic Arts, instead using Activision as a publisher and distributor. In August 2001, Creative Assembly announced a second Total War, set in the Middle Ages. Medieval: Total War was of a larger scope than Shogun: Total War, spanning a larger time period and the entirety of Medieval Europe. Released in August 2002, the game was a greater success than Shogun: Total War, becoming the best-selling video game in the UK for the first two weeks, and the fourth best-selling game in the US market in its first week. As with Shogun: Total War, Medieval: Total War won multiple industry awards, and was named the top game of 2002 by PC Gamer. Creative Assembly was awarded the "PC Game Developer of the Year" award at the 2003 European Computer Trade Show. Viking Invasion, an expansion pack focusing on the Viking invasion of Britain in the Dark Ages, was released in May 2003.

A third Total War title was announced in January 2003. Entitled Rome: Total War, the game featured a new game engine to Shogun: Total War and Medieval: Total War, and redesigned the approach to the series. Set during the rise of the Roman Empire, the game's code was used for two television shows: the BBC's Time Commanders and the History Channel's Decisive Battles. Upon release in September 2004, the game was given praise, becoming one of the year's top ten best-selling titles.

Buyout and later games (2005–2016)
Despite speculation that Activision might buy Creative Assembly, as the publisher had done with previous successful developers under its wing, the Japanese company Sega announced on 9 March 2005 that they had sealed an acquisition deal with Creative Assembly, purchasing all issued shares in the company. Sega explained that the acquisition was to strengthen Sega Europe's presence in the European and North American video game markets. All preceding titles in the Total War series had been exclusively computer games. By July 2005, Sega had acquired the publishing rights to Rome: Total War from Activision, and built on the brand strategy by releasing two expansion packs: Barbarian Invasion in September 2005 and Alexander in September 2006. Spartan: Total Warrior was released in October 2005 on Xbox, PlayStation 2 and GameCube, receiving a mixed reception from critics.

Medieval II: Total War, the fourth title in the franchise, was announced in January 2006 and developed by the Australian branch of Creative Assembly. It was a remake of the earlier Medieval: Total War using the new assets and technology behind Rome: Total War. The game was released in November 2006, and although not as successful as Rome: Total War, Medieval II: Total War was still a critical and commercial hit, holding a place in the UK games charts in November 2006, and in the US charts until the end of January 2007. An expansion pack, Kingdoms, was announced in March 2007. The expansion received a positive reception from critics upon release in August 2007.

At the Games Convention in August 2007, Creative Assembly announced new titles. The first, Viking: Battle for Asgard, was a console-exclusive title, similar in style to Spartan: Total Warrior, but focusing on Norse mythology. The game was released in March 2008. It received an average reception from critics in the industry. The second title was a fifth Total War instalment, Empire: Total War, set in the early modern period of the 18th century and early 19th century. As was the case with Rome: Total War, Empire: Total War features a redesigned approach to the series and a new game engine. It was released in March 2009, receiving high praise, selling double the number of units sold of Medieval II: Total War and Rome: Total War. However, numerous significant issues were pointed out by critics after the release. Though there were numerous patches, not all of these were addressed by the abandonment of support for the game, which caused many to question Sega's influence on Creative Assembly. In July 2008, Creative Assembly announced Stormrise. Unlike previous historically-based games, Stormrise is a science fiction real-time strategy game developed for both consoles and PC, released in 2009. Stormrise received negative and mediocre responses, with criticisms focusing on broken pathfinding and the game's flawed control scheme (designed with the intent to create an easy interface for consoles). In January 2009, Creative Assembly was joined by Tim Heaton, who serves as the company's studio director.

The Australian branch of the Creative Assembly ported the first three Sonic the Hedgehog games and the Sonic & Knuckles lock-on games to Sonic Classic Collection. This compilation received overall positive reviews from Aussie-Nintendo and Official Nintendo Magazine, but criticised some speed issues when playing, rarely speeding up or slowing down and some graphical and sound glitches. Reviewers also criticised the removal of multiplayer in the games, previously available in earlier versions of the games. In 2010, the company released Napoleon: Total War, based on the exploits of Napoleon Bonaparte to generally favourable reviews that praised the tightly scripted elements of a smaller, more focussed campaign than its globe-spanning predecessor, Empire Total War. The company released Total War: Shogun 2 in 2011, to universal acclaim. The title is the first to make the brand Total War the main title, in an effort to increase brand awareness.

On 6 December 2012, a partnership between Games Workshop and Creative Assembly was announced. Also announced was the creation of a new Warhammer Fantasy Battle game. On 5 April 2013, it was announced that Sega Studios Australia (formerly known as The Creative Assembly Australia) will be shut down later in the year. On 3 September 2013, Creative Assembly released Total War: Rome II. The game uses an updated Warscape engine and suffered from technical issues shortly after release which eventually led to Creative Assembly's creative director, Mike Simpson, apologising publicly for the widespread technical issues. In the ten months following release, Creative Assembly released fourteen patches for the game, solving most technical issues and balancing gameplay. As of July 2014, the game currently stands at a rating of 76/100 on Metacritic by critics.

Alien: Isolation is a first person stealth horror game based on the film Alien. The game was released on 7 October 2014 for PC, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. In 2016, the company released the game Total War: Warhammer, which was the first game in a trilogy. Currently they are developing the following games: Total War: Arena and Total War Battles: Kingdom, which are free-to-play games set in the Total War universe.

Expansion (2017–present)
In February 2017, the studio released Halo Wars 2, which received positive reviews. In March 2017 Creative Assembly announced the acquisition of Crytek Black Sea, which was shut down in December 2016. This was the first studio opened by Creative Assembly abroad. The studio has been renamed to Creative Assembly Sofia.

In September 2017, the studio released the second game in the Warhammer Fantasy series, Total War: Warhammer II. In May 2018, Creative Assembly then went on to release the Thrones of Britannia, the first in its Saga Series. In February 2019, Creative Assembly announced the cancellation of Total War: Arena.

Total War: Three Kingdoms has been released as of 23 May 2019, and received positive reviews.Total War: Warhammer III was released on 17 February 2022.

On 28 September 2023, Sega announced it was cancelling Hyenas. As a result, of the cancellation, an unknown number of employees were laid off from Creative Assembly. In March 2024, Sega announced it would cut 240 roles across Sega Europe, Creative Assembly and Sega HARDlight.

title: Creative Assembly


text: Category:Parks in Singapore

title: Category:Parks in Singapore


text:
User talk:Rojas~enwiki

Hi Rojas,

Welcome to Wikipedia. Just noticed your edits to Augusto Pinochet and Salvador Allende. As a newcomer, you might not be aware of this, but there have been long, drawn-out battles over just those two little words, "US-backed". I am not saying I don't agree with you, just urging you to proceed carefully. I urge you to read the respective Talk pages before proceeding further. Suerte, -- Viajero 20:56, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

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Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Rojas. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Rojas~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 18:13, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rojas~enwiki


text:
Wilson Bentley

Wilson Alwyn Bentley (February 9, 1865 – December 23, 1931), also known as Snowflake Bentley, was an American meteorologist and photographer, who was the first known person to take detailed photographs of snowflakes and record their features. He perfected a process of catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or sublimated, and elaborated the theory that no two snowflakes are alike.

Kenneth G. Libbrecht notes that the techniques used by Bentley to photograph snowflakes are essentially the same as those used today, and that while the quality of his photographs reflects the technical limitations of the equipment of the era, "he did it so well that hardly anybody bothered to photograph snowflakes for almost 100 years". The broadest collection of Bentley's photographs is held by the Jericho Historical Society in his home town, Jericho, Vermont.

Bentley donated his collection of original glass-plate photomicrographs of snow crystals to the Buffalo Museum of Science. A portion of this collection has been digitized and organized into a digital library.

Biography
Bentley was born on February 9, 1865, in Jericho, Vermont. He first became interested in snow crystals as a teenager on his family farm. “Always, right from the beginning it was the snowflakes that fascinated me most,” he said. “The farm folks up in this country dread the winter, but I was supremely happy.” He tried to draw what he saw through an old microscope given to him by his mother when he was fifteen. The snowflakes were too complex to record before they melted, so he attached a bellows camera to a compound microscope and, after much experimentation, photographed his first snowflake on January 15, 1885. He captured more than 5,000 images of crystals in his lifetime. Each crystal was caught on a blackboard and transferred rapidly to a microscope slide. Even at subzero temperatures, snowflakes are ephemeral because they sublimate.

Bentley described snowflakes as "tiny miracles of beauty" and snow crystals as "ice flowers." Despite these poetic descriptions, Bentley brought an empirical method to his work. In collaboration with George Henry Perkins, professor of natural history at the University of Vermont, Bentley published an article in which he argued that no two snow crystals were alike. This concept caught the public imagination and he published other articles in magazines, including National Geographic, Nature, Popular Science, and Scientific American. His photographs have been requested by academic institutions worldwide.

In 1931 Bentley worked with William J. Humphreys of the U.S. Weather Bureau to publish Snow Crystals, a monograph illustrated with 2,500 photographs. His other publications include the entry on "snow" in the fourteenth edition of Encyclopædia Britannica. Bentley also photographed all forms of ice and natural water formations including clouds and fog. He was the first American to record raindrop sizes, and was one of the first cloud physicists.

He died of pneumonia, which he may have contracted while walking home in the snow, at his farm on December 23, 1931. His book Snow Crystals was published by McGraw-Hill shortly before his death, and is still in print today.

Legacy
Bentley was memorialized in the naming of a science center in his memory at Johnson State College (now Vermont State University) in Johnson, Vermont. His lifelong home is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Caldecott Medal winner in 1999 for the best-illustrated children's book was Snowflake Bentley, which remembers Bentley's life.

At the Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium, a noted meteorological observation center in St. Johnsbury, Vermont, there is an exhibit about atmospheric ice crystal formation featuring several of Bentley’s photos and a short biography. Bentley was a friend of naturalist, industrialist, and collector Franklin Fairbanks.

Photomicrographs using Bentley's technique of a 19th-century collection of 19 glass-plate negatives of snowflakes held by the Geology Department of the Field Museum in Chicago have been assembled into a field guide by the museum.

Other reading

 * Blanchard, Duncan. The Snowflake Man, A Biography of Wilson A. Bentley, (Blacksburg, VA: McDonald and Woodward, 1998) ISBN 0-939923-71-8.
 * Martin, Jacqueline Briggs. Snowflake Bentley, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998) ISBN 0-395-86162-4 (a children's biography illustrated with woodcuts hand tinted with watercolors by Mary Azarian. Awarded the Caldecott Medal.)
 * Stoddard, Gloria May. Snowflake Bentley: Man of Science, Man of God (Shelburne, VT: New England Press, 1985) ISBN 0-933050-31-3 (Originally published in 1979 by Concordia Publishing House, ISBN 0-570-03620-8).

title: Wilson Bentley


text:
User talk:Popeccola

''Lo, the length and the girth of the wiggle of the holy dispenser with thy orange head shall only be touched and operated only by those who hath walked the path of Wham-O. The slide for the baptism and the dispenser for thy blessings. The holy water must be dispensed in righteous amounts so not to foul thy Boone's Farm holy hangover condiment of the fermented grape, while more then one grape. When thy spill thy H20 of the holiest mount the party is then spoiled and thy whilst not get thy lucky. When you negate thy H20 of the holiest mount. Then thy will be wandering from town and village in search of thy Boone's Farm holy hangover condiment of the fermented grape, while more then one grape. Thy will be smited with thy blue law. You shall wander all of the 7th day. You shall tire and not even thy Jim Ladd can bring forth thy grape, more then one grape. For be forewarned to leave the operation of thy Wham-O to those blessed with thy pointy hat and miracle of thy roof sitting.''

Yay!
This is a close personal friend with a real knack for bizarre, free-form writing as amply evidenced above. He's also a genius about the subject of progressive rock. Treat him well! Thanks! - Lucky 6.9 21:19, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Almost forgot: The screen name breaks down as "Pope C. Cola." Did I mention that bad puns were among his hobbies? - Lucky 6.9 07:04, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:KMET upside down.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:KMET upside down.jpg
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title: User talk:Popeccola