text:
Ricardo Montaner

Héctor Eduardo Reglero Montaner (born 8 September 1957), better known as Ricardo Montaner, is an Argentine-born Venezuelan singer. Since starting his career in the late 1970s, he has released more than 24 albums, and many successful singles. He has sold an estimated 10 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists.

Early years
Montaner was born as Héctor Eduardo Reglero Montaner, in Valentín Alsina, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. His family moved to Venezuela when he was 6 years old. During his youth, he performed in the church choir in the city of Maracaibo. The first song he internationally performed in a festival in Peru was "Canta, viejo, canta". After this, he decided to choose his artistic name Ricardo Montaner (using his maternal family name).

In 1976, he recorded his first single named Mares produced by the Venezuelan Italian singer Roberto Luti. The same year he participated in the Ancon Festival (a Peruvian music festival from 1968 to 1984), where he gained some popularity after performing his song "Murallas".

In 1983, he released his first album titled Cada Día. Although the album was not a great success in Venezuela, it was a start for Montaner's career in Venezuela. It wasn't until 1987 that Montaner became widely popular in Venezuela, with the singles "Yo Que Te Amé" and "Vamos a Dejarlo" from his self-titled album.

Success
The following year he came out with Ricardo Montaner 2 which featured hit songs like "Tan Enamorados" and "A Donde Va el Amor". At the same time, he acted in the popular telenovela (soap opera), Niña Bonita. This became a starting point to make his songs known to the rest of Latin America where he won 4 platinum albums in Argentina alone. His next two albums, Un Toque de Misterio and En el Último Lugar del Mundo, became big hits in the Mexican charts, also in Central and South America he had hits such as "La Cima del Cielo", "Me Va a Extrañar", "Déjame Llorar" and "Será".

By 1992, Ricardo decided to hit the Spanish Caribbean with Los Hijos del Sol, an album that contained songs like "Castillo Azul", "Honda" and "Piel Adentro". That year, he also recorded a duet with Michelle, which was the Latin American version for the Aladdin song "A Whole New World" titled "Un Mundo Ideal". In the same year, he performed his live concert in Madison Square Garden with more than 16,000 people who attended the concert. Additionally, he released singles such as "La pequeña Venecia" in which he demonstrates his immense love and appreciation towards his naturalized country of Venezuela, in which he refers to Venezuela as his country. Montaner was nominated for three Lo Nuestro Awards in 1993: Pop Artist of the Year, and Pop Song and Video of the Year for the single "Castillo Azul".

Although Montaner has written most of his songs he has worked closely with other songwriters in Latin America such as Pablo Manavello, Ilan Chester, and Oscar Gómez. But in 1994, Ricardo Montaner wrote and produced all the songs in his album Una Mañana y un Camino, which became popular only years after his release due to the lack of promotion by his new record label EMI Latin, with which Ricardo would also release Viene del Alma in 1995, an Italian pop music themed album. Also in 1995, he teamed up with Yolandita Monge to establish a Guinness World Record for performing three concerts in different cities on the same day in Puerto Rico. This was only possible by air transportation via helicopter from stage to stage.

Changes in style
By 1997, Montaner again worked with Pablo Manavello and was signed under a new record company, Warner Music. Es Así brought Ricardo attention in the Spanish-speaking areas of the United States and allowed Montaner to tour more than 17 countries in Latin America. Songs like "La Mujer de Mi Vida", "Para Llorar" and "Es Así" became very popular all around.

In 1999, Montaner recorded his greatest hits album of his well-known songs featuring the London Metropolitan Orchestra. This was also a hit upon release, selling over 1 million copies. Ricardo made another attempt in 2001 with Sueño Repetido that included the bolero-style song "Bésame" arranged by Bebu Silvetti. Again, the song enjoyed immense success all over the world. Succeeding collaboration with Juan Carlos Calderón, Kike Santander, and Silvetti further propelled Ricardo's career to new heights in 2002, 2003, and 2004.

2002's Suma (Bolero style songs) and 2003's Prohibido Olvidar (balada pop) had fair results in terms of sales. "Si Tuviera Que Elegir" in Suma was written for his daughter. In 2003, he broke the record for the most concerts on the same tour in the theater of Bellas Artes in Puerto Rico. He sold out 18 concerts breaking his past record of 12, which was held previously by Yolandita Monge and Ricardo Arjona. In 2004, he made another album with the London Metropolitan Orchestra named Con La London Metropolitan Orchestra Vol. 2 featuring his latest hits songs and two exclusive songs such as "Desesperado" and "Esta Escrito". In 2005, Montaner launched Todo y Nada which featured the songs "Cuando a mi Lado Estas" and "Nada". For this album, he was nominated in the Latin Grammys for Album and Song of the Year for "Cuando a mi Lado Estas". "Amarte es mi Pecado" and "Heridas de Amor" are non-album songs that have been chosen to be the theme songs on two Mexican soap operas.

Recent years
In 2007, Ricardo released Las Mejores Canciones Del Mundo produced by Argentine producer Adrian Posse with the songs "Hoy Tengo Ganas de Ti", "Nostalgias (Argen Version)", "Échame A Mí La Culpa (Artista Invitado: Juanes)".

In 2008, he released Las Mejores Canciones Del Mundo II – Y Algunas Mías...! with the songs "Cuando Un Amigo Se Va", "Ansiedad", "Bésame (Featuring Pasión Vega)". In 2009, Montaner received the ASCAP Latin Heritage Award. His album "Viajero Frecuente" (Frequent Traveler) was launched on 16 October 2012, on iTunes, his first with Sony Music. The recording features a duet with his daughter actress and singer Evaluna Montaner, "La Gloria de Dios" (The Glory of God) whose video has more than 433 million views on YouTube/Vevo. Ricardo Montaner has sold over 65 million albums and keeps breaking records in arenas and theaters all over the world. One of the most remarkable was in Mar del Plata in Argentina where 220,000 people attended the concert that night. Montaner started his "Viajero Frecuente Tour 2013" in Mexico on 24 January 2013. The Special Edition of the "Viajero Frecuente" album released also in México featured a duet with Spanish musician Alejandro Sanz.

In October 2016, "Ida y Vuelta" was released, containing 20 songs, of which 11 were written by him. This album is different because he sang nine songs written by well known Mexican singers; in return, those Mexican singers sang some of Montaner's songs, all in the same album. A month later, Montaner received the Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Personal life
Montaner is married to Marlene Rodríguez Miranda, the daughter of shareholder and owner of the former Venezuelan record company Sonorodven, where Montaner started his career. He has three children with Marlene: Ricardo, Mauricio, and Evaluna. He also has two older sons from a previous marriage with Ana Vaz: Alejandro and Héctor Jr. All of them are singers: Evaluna, Héctor, and Alejandro perform independently, while Mauricio and Ricardo formed a duo together known as Mau y Ricky.

In 1994, after Montaner fell out with his record label Sonorodven, he signed with Sonográfica. This was cause for a legal dispute between the two companies, exacerbating a struggle between them which has gone on since about 2006.

Filmography

 * Betty La Fea (himself), 2000
 * Los Reyes'' (himself), 2005
 * Rebelde (Mexican telenovela) (himself), 2005
 * Casi angeles (telenovela argentina) (himself), 2009
 * La Voz Colombia, 2012–2013
 * La Voz Argentina, 2018–present
 * La Voz Mexico, 2019–2020
 * La Voz Senior, 2019–2021

title: Ricardo Montaner


text: Talk:Skyway

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Skyway


text:
Sven Rydell

Sven Åke Albert Rydell (14 January 1905 – 4 April 1975) was a Swedish footballer who played as a forward. He represented Holmens IS, Örgryte IS, and Redbergslids IK during a club career that spanned between 1920 and 1934. A full international between 1923 and 1932, he won 43 caps and scored 49 goals for the Sweden national team. He scored five goals at the 1924 Summer Olympics where Sweden finished third. He was the all-time leading scorer for the Sweden national team for more than 80 years before his record was overtaken by Zlatan Ibrahimović in September 2014.

Club career
At club level, Rydell played for Örgryte IS, Redbergslids IK, and Holmens IS. Rydell had scored a record of nine hat-tricks for Sweden.

International career
Rydell played in the 1920s and 30s, and scored 49 goals in only 43 matches for the Swedish national team. His 49 goals stood as the national record for over 80 years. Because his career spanned the nascent years of international football, he never got a chance to play in the World Cup; his only appearance at the world stage came in the 1924 Summer Olympics, at which Sweden won a bronze medal. He was the all-time leading scorer for the Sweden national team until 4 September 2014, when Zlatan Ibrahimović overtook him by scoring his 50th international goal. However, he holds the record of scoring nine hat-tricks for Sweden.

Rydell was awarded the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal in 1931 after an impressive performance in an international game against Denmark in 1931.

Personal life
Rydell's daughter Eva represented Sweden as a gymnast in the 1960 and 1964 Olympics. Rydell died on 4 April 1975. He is buried at Östra kyrkogården in Gothenburg.

Career statistics

 * Scores and results list Sweden's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Rydell goal.

Honours
Sweden

 * Summer Olympics bronze medal: 1924

Individual

Records
 * Nordic Football Championship top scorer: 1924–1928
 * Swedish Football Hall of Fame inductee: 2003

 * Most hat-tricks for the Sweden national team: nine

title: Sven Rydell


text: Category:Defunct BBC national radio stations


text:
Willem Bontekoe

Willem Ysbrandtszoon Bontekoe (June 2, 1587 – 1657) was a skipper in the Dutch East India Company (VOC), who made only one voyage for the company (1618–1625). He became widely known because of the journal of his adventures that was published in 1646 under the title ''Journael ofte gedenckwaerdige beschrijvinge van de Oost-Indische reyse van Willem Ysbrantsz. Bontekoe van Hoorn, begrijpende veel wonderlijcke en gevaerlijcke saecken hem daer in wedervaren'' ("Journal or memorable description of the East Indian voyage of Willem Bontekoe from Hoorn, including many remarkable and dangerous things that happened to him there").

Life
Bontekoe was born in Hoorn in Holland. In 1607, at the age of twenty, Bontekoe succeeded his father as captain of the ship Bontekoe. Ten years later, in 1617, the ship was taken by Barbary pirates and Bontekoe ended up at a slave market. He was bought free, but his ship was lost.

In 1618 Bontekoe enlisted in the service of the Dutch East India Company. On a voyage to Java he was shipwrecked, along with part of his crew, and continued in a lifeboat. After a grueling journey, including an attack by hostile natives on Sumatra, they reached Batavia on Java. Bontekoe was given a new command and an order to harass the Chinese coast.

In 1625 Bontekoe returned to Holland. After his return, he settled down in Hoorn to live a quiet life. On March 1, 1626, at the age of 38, Bontekoe married Eeltje Bruijnes.

Journal
Bontekoe might have been forgotten had he not written his journal (see above). This book is about his voyage with the Nieuw Hoorn, the shipwreck, the adventurous voyage to Java in lifeboats, and his subsequent years of service in East Asia. It was first printed by Hoorn printer Jan Deutel, a Protestant Chamber of rhetoric who heavily edited Bontekoe's prose; Bontekoe is described as a "writer of little talent". The book is illustrated with etchings and was a bestseller in the 17th and 18th centuries: before 1800, sixty editions and many translations had been published, and it was republished a number of times in the 19th and 20th centuries. Deutel had molded Bontekoe's journal into a highly fashionable form that combined adventure, disaster, and religion to make a book with educational and literary appeal.

Bontekoe set out from Texel on December 28, 1618 as skipper of the Nieuw Hoorn ("New Hoorn"), an East Indiaman (i.e. an armed merchant ship). His destination was the town of Bantam on Java. The merchant Hein Rol had formally the upper command. After passing the coast of Brazil, at the end of May 1619 the ship passed Cape Hope, where it did not stop due to the weather. Instead it stayed for 21 days in Réunion and 9 days at Île Sainte-Marie near the coast of Madagascar. It departed from there on 8 September. The ship sailed alone through the Indian Ocean. By then 17 of the 216 crew members had died.

A fire, caused by a shipmate accidentally setting fire to a cask of brandy, caused the gunpowder magazine to explode and sink the ship. Of the 119 still on the ship only two survived, including Bontekoe, but he was wounded. Seventy more had escaped before the sinking in two lifeboats. They continued in the two boats; later they went on together in one. Sails were made from the shirts of the crew. They were hungry and thirsty, some drank seawater or urine. Bontekoe did the latter too, until it became too concentrated. Sometimes there was relief by being able to catch birds and flying fish, and by rain supplying drinking water. The hunger became so severe again that the crew decided to kill the ship boys; Bontekoe writes that he was against that, and that they agreed that they would wait three more days. Just in time, 13 days after the ship wreck, they reached land where they could eat coconuts. It was an island in the Sunda Strait, 15 miles off Sumatra.

They went on to Sumatra, where they encountered locals from whom they could first buy food, but who later attacked them. Eleven crew members were killed, and four had to be abandoned; they had probably also been killed.

In the end, 55 survivors reached Batavia, after encountering a Dutch fleet of 23 ships near Java under the command of Frederik de Houtman, which saved them from going to the now-hostile Bantam. Divided over the ships they got to Batavia on Java, where Bontekoe and Rol were received by Jan Pieterszoon Coen, who gave Bontekoe a new command and an order to harass the Chinese coast. He narrowly survived a hurricane, and returned to Hoorn a wealthy man. He became a trader, and twenty years after his return published his journal.

The Cabin Boys of Bontekoe (book)
The first part of the journal became the basis of a very popular children's book by author Johan Fabricius, De Scheepsjongens van Bontekoe (1924), in which four teenage boys in the crew play the central roles. The book was the basis of a film adaptation released in 2007. The city of Hoorn has a statue of Hajo, Rolf, and Padde on the quay wall.

In 1995 and 1996, on the occasion of the 350th anniversary of the journal's publication, a new edition, an edited collection of essays, and an annotated bibliography were published.

Editions and scholarly studies

 * Bontekoe, Willem Ysbrandz. Die vier und zwantzigste Schiffahrt, 1648. Frankfurt/Main ed., facsimile ed., 1993, introd. by Augustus J. Veenendaal, Jr., Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, ISBN 978-0-8201-1485-9.
 * ---, Iovrnael ofte gedenkwaerdige beschrij vinghe; De wonderlijke avonturen van een schipper in de Oost 1618-1625. Ed. V.D. Roeper. Amsterdam: Terra Incognita, 1996. ISBN 9073853087.
 * Bostoen, Karel, Remmelt Daalder, Vibeke Roeper, Garreit Verhoeven, and Diederick Wildeman. Bontekoe; De schipper, het journaal, de scheepsjongens. Zutphen; Amsterdam: Walburg Pers, Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum, 1996. ISBN 9060119487.
 * Verhoeven, Garreit and Piet Verkruijsse (eds.), Iovrnael ofte Gedenk waerdige beschrijvinghe van de Oost-Indische Reyse van Willem Ysbrantsz. Bontekoe van Hoorn; Descriptieve bibliografie 1646-1996. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 1996. ISBN 9060119479.

title: Willem Bontekoe


text:
Strategic Negotiations

Strategic Negotiations: A Theory of Change in Labor-Management Relations, a 1994 Harvard Business School Press publication, is a book on negotiation by the authors; Richard E. Walton, Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, and Robert McKersie.

The book explains concepts and strategies of negotiation to the reader.

Summary
In the book, the authors identify three primary negotiation strategies. These are "forcing," "fostering," and "escape". Each represents an overarching pattern of interaction that characterizes the negotiations. A strategy does not emerge all at once, but over time as a result of consistent patterns of interaction.

A forcing strategy generally involves taking a "distributive" or win–lose approach to the negotiations, combined with a "divide and conquer" approach to internal relations in the other side, and an attitudinal approach that emphasizes uncertainty and distrust. By contrast, a fostering strategy generally involves taking an "integrative" or win-win approach to the negotiations, combined with a "consensus" approach to internal relations in both sides, and an attitudinal approach that emphasizes openness and understanding. "Escape" is a non-negotiations strategy in which one or more parties seek to end or undercut the relationship, which leads to a loss-loss situation.

These strategy and process elements of negotiations can be combined with an understanding of structure in order to predict outcomes that are both substantive and relationship outcomes.

title: Strategic Negotiations


text:
Talk:Aiko, Princess Toshi

autism?
Sorry if this should go at the bottom. I wonder if it would be inappropriate to mention, in the article, that many (in Japan) suspect that Aiko suffers from autism. In fact, there is usually a great deal of discussion about that on 2-channel, especially when new videos of Aiko appear.

 * If you can find some reputable articles discussing the claim, then yes, I think it should at least be mentioned in this article. Until it is confirmed or officially denied, you'd have to make sure it is clearly labeled as just a popular belief.Aceya 09:05, 11 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, that makes sense. Although there is a raging debate about it on 2ch, I'm not sure it has been picked up by any mainstream press.

heir apparent?
Given that Aiko's mother has now given birth to a boy: http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/05/japan.princess/index.html should references to being "heir apparent" be removed? Or does this mean something other than the obvious?

 * If you check the page, it says that they changed it so that its the first-born child, not the first born son. Although since Princess Kiko gave birth to a boy (yet to be named), some people are debating it again. As it stands, Princess Aiko is still currently the heir. Disinclination 01:04, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

Aiko's mother gives birth to a boy? No, it isn't. It is her aunt who gives birth to a baby boy. Joshua Chiew 09:53, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

And Aiko was never heir-apparent. Her father is, and there was talk of changing the law so as to make her second in line after her father, but those proposals were shelved after Princess Kiko's pregnancy was announced Nik42 07:57, 24 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I do believe it good to remove or qualify the claim that Princess Aiko would marry a commoner -- regardless of any law, she has every option to marry who she chooses to marry, and it's more likely she'd enter an honorable and high born marriage. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.82.165.100 (talk) 20:55, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * She'd have to marry a commoner if she does marry - commoner in this context simply means "not a member of the Imperial Family", and the Imperial Family has been shrunk to the point where there would be no non-incestuous Imperial Family members available for her to marry Nik42 (talk) 20:00, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

Name of article
Naming this article is tough -- every other member of the Imperial Household is just Naruhito, Michiko etc, so should this also be moved to Aiko? Just seems pretty ambiguous, as there's already a Aiko (J-pop singer). Jpatokal 17:19, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Yup, the ambiguity means we can't use just "Aiko", and while Aiko (princess) is possible (and should be a redir), it's slicker to use "Princess Aiko", since it is a valid titling also, and can often be used without piping. Stan 22:02, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect at Aiko (princess) made. 青い(Aoi) 8 July 2005 20:46 (UTC)

 * Would it not be possible to make this "Aiko" and create a disambig page called "Aiko (disambiguation)"? elvenscout742 15:31, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

Princess Masako's age
The sentence And because Princess Masako is 40 years old is date relative, in fact she is more than 40 now. Why not replace with And because Princess Masako is more than 40 years old? User:85.164.76.159

 * Done. —Lowellian (talk) 00:45, Mar 10, 2005 (UTC)

Title of putative monarch Aiko
This article ends with the phrase "the Japanese public is supportive of Aiko becoming Empress." I have read elsewhere that the eight females to occupy the throne were Emperors; only the wife of an Emperor is called Empress. If Aiko should accede, would her title be Emperor or Empress?

 * In Japanese, there's no doubt. She'd be called Tennou, just like her male counterparts.  In English, it's more complicated.  Some historians do, in fact, use the term "Emperor" or "Female Emperor" for the women who have sat on the throne.  Other historians refer to them as "Empresses" or "Reigning Empresses" to disinguish from wives of Emperors.  My guess is that English-speakers will call her Empress should she ascend the throne. - Nik42 19:45, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

It's always been Tenno, the first 8 females before her were all Tennos. I think the first one to use Tenno was a female too. So Tenno = Emperor/Empress regnant. 24.14.120.92 23:20, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

Princess Toshi
Shouldn't this article be called just "Princess Toshi"? That's how we have all the other articles of "[name]-no-miya." We call the Prince Mikasa article just that, not "Takahito, Prince Mikasa of Japan." --Matjlav 18:42, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * the problem is that she is known under multiple names (tip:google search). she is known as "Princess Aiko" but also under her title "Toshi-no-miya", which would roughly but incorrectly translate as "Princess Toshi". in Japan they use both, or just call her "Aikosama". under Wikipedia naming conventions you would use the title, name, and country. so if you want to rename it, it would have to be Princess Toshi of Japan. Ex: Princess Märtha Louise of Norway or Princess Michael of Kent. Gryffindor 17:49, August 1, 2005 (UTC)

WP naming conventions for monarchical and royal titles are NOT applied to eastern civilizations, as everyone can read from the conventions page. European naming uses disambiguation by country name precisely because same first names are in use in several countries - but this is not the case in Japan. Gryffindor (neé Antares) wants to put overwhelming bunch of titularies and styles to all headings here, but that should not be listened to. 217.140.193.123 20:55, 1 August 2005 (UTC) A very good new heading for this article would be Aiko, Princess Toshi 217.140.193.123 21:17, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

I have a question. Why can't we simply name this article "Aiko" or "Princess Aiko?" The Wikipedia naming conventions page states this about non-European and non-Western names and titles: "Most general rule overall: use the most common form of the name used in English if none of the rules cover a specific problem." Not too many people who speak English know the Princess as "Princess Toshi," even if it is her official title. Most English media reports, whether from America or, say, the BBC, call her "Aiko" or "Princess Aiko." In either case, right now, articles about Japanese royalty are literally all over the place, using half a dozen different formats. Instead of battling out the naming of individual articles, a set standard should be created. 青い(Aoi) 06:07, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Hi Aoi (or are you?) Usually, I would agree on that principle (= Aiko, plain and pure), but regarding Japanese female names, the question is disambiguation. There seems to be several females with such usual names as Nobuko, Sadako... Aiko is possibly not so common (does anyone know of other noteworthy Aikos?), but certain consistency says that if for disambiguation, a "principlality" is mentioned to girls with very common first names, then also others should have similar. Of course, the "of Japan" is totally redundant and useless for disambiguation and also no use to anything else - same first names are NOT usually used outsde of Japan anyway, thus saying "of Japan" repeats a self-evident thing, or sets an unnecessary burden. The "principality" naming is useful for disambiguation, as it is rare bad luck that two persons with precisely same first name shared a princely title. Toshi is actually a "principality", it is like "Anjou" in "Philip, Duke of Anjou". Basically for need of disambiguation, I prefer Aiko, Princess Toshi - otherwise, I would support Aiko. 217.140.193.123 23:23, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Hey, thanks for the response. I consulted a Japanese culture expert today and asked for her opinion on what to name this article. She told me that it would be inappropriate to name the article just plain "Aiko." She did say, however, that naming the article "Princess Aiko," "Aiko, Princess Toshi" or "Aiko, Princess Toshi of Japan" would be appropriate. I forgot to ask her about naming the article plainly, "Princess Toshi," but I'll be sure to ask her about it when I talk to her tomorrow.

 * BTW, there is at least one other Aiko that is particularly noteworthy: (Aiko (singer). The j-pop singer aiko is one of the most popular pop artists in Japan. Most people searching for the singer "aiko" (the singer aiko does not capitalize the "a" in her name) would look under en.wikipedia.org/wiki/aiko, because the singer does not use her last name. Thus, the current disambiguation at aiko seems like a good idea to me. 青い(Aoi) 01:05, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

For example, Masako seems to be rather common girl's name in Japanese royalty/nobility. Regarding the culture expert, of course I respect the expertise. However, there presumably are several North Koreans, experts too, who think it is inappropriate to leave "Dear Leader" from the naming of Kim - and that still is no reason for us to allow such epithets into our article headings. The same with epithets requested by others, as long as such do not help in disambiguation. IMO, we need to treat all sorts of titleholders objectively and as equally as possible. I oppose "Princess Toshi" because it does not have her first name, i.e because of its impersonal feeling (almost same as to put Elizabeth II under the heading The current queen of the United Kingdom. Afaik her first name, Aiko, is widely used of her. In this case, the simplest solution would be "Aiko", but because of disambiguation in this case and in general, words Aiko and Toshi are both useful here. What do you think of the proposition Aiko, Princess Toshi? (In my understanding, that is one of the most minimal alternatives with sufficient disambiguation potential) 217.140.193.123 09:54, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Possible vandalism?
Why is there a photograph of a penis on Princess Aiko's page?
 * Gone now. :) Disinclination 01:14, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

Removal of "Fingerpainting"
I understand the removal of "began training in fingerpainting", but as there are many famous images of her enjoying the game, maybe it could be included in the list of things she enjoys doing?

Details of "bullying incident"
Wikipedia is the only source on the English-language internet where I have found claims that Princess Aiko was "scratched" or "kicked". All English-language sources I could find only say that she was "startled by the rough behavior of some boys in her class", and the worst thing the boys have been reported as doing was "running past her" and startling her. The two sources given for physical abuse such as "scratching" and "kicking" are both in Japanese and, as far as I can tell, aren't accessible from the internet. How do we know what format they're in, whether they even exist, or whether they say anything about Princess Aiko at all? Is there a Japanese-speaking person who can confirm that these sources exist, are legit, and support what the bullying section of this article says? NoriMori (ノリモリ) 18:16, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

 * I took out this entire sourced section for two reasons. 1) With only a reference to the titles of the articles in Japanese it does not follow WP:NOENG and 2) the two magazines referenced (週刊文春 -  Shukan Bunshun and 週刊新潮 Shunkan Shincho) should not be considered reliable sources for a BLP. I'm replacing it now with more reliable sources XinJeisan (talk) 11:03, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

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daughter of Crown Prince
I know, just a matter of hours, but the article on Naruhito still calls him Crown Prince, not Emperor.--Richardson mcphillips (talk) 13:10, 30 April 2019 (UTC)

title after father's abdication?
Does she keep her current title when her father abdicates? --Richardson mcphillips (talk) 13:31, 30 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Most likely. She’s not allowed to inherit the throne, so she will keep her current title until her marriage (or death if she chooses to stay single). Keivan.f  Talk 21:26, 9 June 2021 (UTC)

Look Japan article
From https://web.archive.org/web/20020629071742/http://www.lookjapan.com/LBsc/02FebRoyalBirth.htm - Look Japan article WhisperToMe (talk) 18:50, 1 May 2019 (UTC)

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 * Princess Aiko.jpg

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 * Princess Aiko's Coming of Age Press Conference (20220317).jpg

title: Talk:Aiko, Princess Toshi


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User talk:CHEESEdreams

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. Carrp | Talk 17:21, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:CHEESEdreams


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Joe Madureira

Joe Madureira (born December 1974), often called Joe Mad, is an American comic book artist and game developer, best known for his work on Darksiders, Marvel Comics' Uncanny X-Men and his creator-owned comic book Battle Chasers. He is the founder of video game development companies Vigil Games and Airship Syndicate.

Madureira's style combines Western comic book influences (most notably the influence of artist Arthur Adams) though it evolved to incorporate heavy influences from Japanese manga and video games.

Early life
Joe Madureira was born December 1974, and is of Portuguese descent. He attended the High School of Art and Design in Manhattan.

Career
At age 16, while still in high school, Madureira started at Marvel Comics as an intern, working under editor Danny Fingeroth. Madureira's art, which was heavily influenced by Arthur Adams, was first published in an eight-page story for the anthology series Marvel Comics Presents #89 (November 1991), starring Mojo, and then a story starring Northstar in issue #92 (December 1992). Despite the order of publication, Madureira drew the Mojo story second, as the influence of Arthur Adams, who co-created Mojo, is more evident in that story, and is closer to the style for which Madureira was known in the initial part of his career. His style would later evolve as he incorporated the influence of Japanese manga.

In 1993 Madureira penciled the first Deadpool mini-series, The Circle Chase. That same year he drew Vanguard #3 for Erik Larsen's studio, which was published by Image Comics.

Madureira became the regular penciler on Uncanny X-Men in 1994. During the "Age of Apocalypse" storyline, all X-Men titles were renamed; Madureira illustrated Uncanny X-Men's replacement as the four-issue miniseries Astonishing X-Men, Vol. 1.

He left Uncanny X-Men in 1997 to work on his own sword and sorcery series Battle Chasers for Wildstorm Comics' creator-owned Cliffhanger imprint (before it was sold to DC Comics). Shortly before leaving Uncanny X-Men, he commented that he felt the series had become too "dark and depressing" for his taste.

Madureira produced a total of nine issues in four years (publishing two to three a year), a pace for which he was criticized. He canceled Battle Chasers #10, and placed the series on indefinite hiatus after forming a game development company called Tri-Lunar with Tim Donley and Greg Peterson.

With Tri-Lunar, he created concept art on a game called Dragonkind which was canceled when Tri-Lunar went out of business. He then went to work for Realm Interactive, another start-up company, on Trade Wars: Dark Millennium. When Realm Interactive was acquired by NCsoft, he continued to contribute to the game as it evolved into Exarch, and was eventually released as Dungeon Runners. As Creative Director at THQ, he helped develop the game Darksiders, including designing the game's characters and settings; collaborator Joe Kelly wrote the game's script.

Madureira returned to the comic book industry as the artist on Marvel's The Ultimates 3, with writer Jeph Loeb. The second issue was published in January 2008, the third issue released on February 20, 2008. Ultimates 3 #4 came out on June 25, 2008.

In July 2007, Vigil Games' Darksiders was announced, of which Joe Madureira was creative director. It follows War, one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, on his quest to find out who prematurely triggered the apocalypse. It was released on Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on January 5, 2010.

Madureira has also provided cover artwork for Capcom's Marvel Super Heroes for the Sega Saturn and Sony PlayStation, and the Sony PlayStation game Gekido: Urban Fighters.

On June 13, 2011, it was announced that he would be handling art duties on a new series written by Zeb Wells entitled Avenging Spider-Man. Following a three issue run on the title, Marvel announced on March 11, 2013, that Madureira would be re-teaming with Wells for a story arc on Savage Wolverine beginning with #6 in June 2013.

Early in 2015 Joe Madureira and Ryan Stefanelli, co-founders of Vigil Games, formed a new studio, Airship Syndicate, located in Austin Texas, and announced that their first project a game adapted from Battle Chasers. Battle Chasers: Nightwar was released in October 2017 for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, and in May 2018 for Nintendo Switch and Linux.

In February 2023, Madureira confirmed to io9 that after having left Battlechasers on a cliffhanger 20 years earlier, he would produce the conclusion to the story with Battle Chasers #10, which had originally been solicited for November 2001, and would release it June 14 through Image. Madureira would write the issue and produce the cover art, while Ludo Lullabi would provide the interior art.

Personal life
As of 2021, Madureira lives in Austin, Texas.

Madureira has a daughter, who was six years old as of June 2011.

Selected bibliography

 * Excalibur #57–58 (Marvel Comics, 1992)
 * Deadpool: The Circle Chase #1–4 (Marvel Comics, 1993)
 * Uncanny X-Men #312–313, 316–317, 325–326, 328–330, 332, 334–338, 340–343, 345–348, 350 (Marvel Comics, 1994–1997)
 * Astonishing X-Men #1–4 (Marvel Comics, 1995)
 * Battle Chasers #0, #1–12 (Cliffhanger, Image Comics, 1998–2023)
 * Ultimates 3 #1–5 (Marvel Comics, 2008)
 * Avenging Spider-Man #1–3 (Marvel Comics, 2011–2012)
 * Savage Wolverine #6–8 (Marvel Comics, 2013)
 * Inhuman #1–3 (Marvel Comics, 2014)

title: Joe Madureira


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List of rivers of Luxembourg

These are the main rivers of Luxembourg.

All of Luxembourg's rivers are drained into the North Sea, most via the river Moselle, except in the extreme south-west of the country, which are drained by the Chiers. Rivers that flow into the sea are sorted alphabetically. Rivers that flow into other rivers are sorted by the proximity of their points of confluence to the sea. Some rivers (e.g. Meuse, Rhine) do not flow through Luxembourg themselves, but they are mentioned for having tributaries from Luxembourg. They are given in italics. For an alphabetical list of rivers of Luxembourg see Category:Rivers of Luxembourg.

 * Meuse (main branch at Stellendam, Netherlands)
 * Chiers (at Bazeilles, France)
 * Rhine (main branch at Hook of Holland, Netherlands)
 * Moselle (at Koblenz, Germany)
 * Sauer (at Wasserbillig)
 * Black Ernz (at Grundhof)
 * White Ernz (at Reisdorf)
 * Our (at Wallendorf)
 * Blees (at Bettendorf)
 * Alzette (at Ettelbruck)
 * Wark (at Ettelbruck)
 * Attert (at Colmar-Berg)
 * Eisch (at Mersch)
 * Mamer (at Mersch)
 * Pétrusse (at Luxembourg City)
 * Mess (at Bergem)
 * Wiltz (at Goebelsmuhle)
 * Clerve (at Kautenbach)
 * Syre (at Mertert)
 * Gander (in Haute-Kontz, France)

title: List of rivers of Luxembourg


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Karla Bonoff

Karla Bonoff (born December 27, 1951) is an American singer-songwriter. While Bonoff has released a number of albums, she is primarily known for her songwriting. Bonoff's songs include "Home," covered by Bonnie Raitt, "Tell Me Why" by Wynonna Judd, and "Isn't It Always Love" by Lynn Anderson.

Linda Ronstadt recorded several Bonoff songs, including three on the 1976 album Hasten Down the Wind ("Someone To Lay Down Beside Me", "Lose Again" and "If He's Ever Near"), and "All My Life", a 1989 duet with Ronstadt and Aaron Neville.

Life and career
Bonoff was born to Chester and Shirley ( Kahane) Bonoff, and named after her paternal grandfather, Karl Bonoff. Her family was Jewish, with ancestors from Russia, Hungary, Austria and Germany.

In her early career, Bonoff sang background vocals for Ronstadt and Wendy Waldman before releasing her debut album in 1977, titled Karla Bonoff. Her other albums include Restless Nights (1979), Wild Heart of the Young (1982), New World (1988) and All My Life (a greatest hits collection) in 1999. Bonoff is best known as a songwriter, but she is also noted for her hit recording of "Personally", which became a No. 19 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as No. 3 on the Adult Contemporary chart in the middle of 1982. She recorded "Somebody's Eyes" for the Footloose (1984) soundtrack and "Standing Right Next To Me" on the 8 Seconds (1994) soundtrack. Her version of the carol "The First Noel" has gotten significant airplay on Christmas radio formats in the US.

Bonoff's first live album was released in 2007, including songs performed live in 2004, in Santa Barbara, California. She was backed by her touring band, which included the late Kenny Edwards (guitar, bass, mandolin, cello, vocals) and Nina Gerber (guitar) plus long-time associate Scott Babcock (drums and vocals).

Bonoff was a member of the group Bryndle, which included Wendy Waldman and Kenny Edwards (who also produced Bonoff's first three albums) and Andrew Gold (until he left in 1996). The group first formed in the late 1960s, but did not release any albums until 20 years later with two studio albums and a live album between 1995 and 2002. Bonoff also appeared on the Keiko Matsui album titled 'Sapphire'. She continues to tour throughout the US and Japan.

Studio albums

 * Karla Bonoff (1977) (US #52)
 * Restless Nights (1979)(US #31), (AUS #66 )
 * Wild Heart of the Young (1982) (US #49)
 * New World (1988)
 * Carry Me Home (2019)
 * Silent Night (2020)

with Bryndle
 * Bryndle (1995)
 * House of Silence (2002)

Live albums

 * Live (2007)

Compilations

 * Premium Best (1988) [Japan Only]
 * The Best of Karla Bonoff (1992) [Mail Order; Japan Only]
 * All My Life: The Best of Karla Bonoff (1999)

title: Karla Bonoff


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Talk:Michael Bruce Ross

Deletion proposal
This article was proposed for deletion January 2005. The discussion is archived at Votes for deletion/Michael Ross. Joyous 17:27, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)

Rape of Vivian Dobson
How can we state as fact that he raped Vivian Dobson if the police rejected this idea, no charges were brought and he never confessed? Where does this info come from? Leonurus 09:31, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

 * That’s a great question, and I was thinking the very same thing myself. This is what I came up with.  This is all conjecture on my part, but I think it's a reasonable scenario.  (1) Ross never confessed to the Dobson rape.  Why?  I figure either of two reasons.  One is that, since Ross "wanted" to get executed, he did not want to give the defense lawyers another reason to delay his execution (that is, by forcing some legal action to dispose of the rape case).  Or, two, Dobson had the "upper hand" in the rape scenario.  Since rape is a crime of power and control, perhaps Ross did not want to admit defeat at the hands of one of his rape victims (i.e., surrendering up his control and power to her). (2) Police did not pursue the matter.  Why?  They probably figured that they already had great cases on 8 rape/murders and Ross was going to Death Row and he was getting executed.  They might have figured: why bother with a trial in a rape case, under these circumstances?  There is nothing to be gained legally, as Ross already received the highest punishment possible.  The rape trial would be a waste of time, money, resources, etc.  And it would have zero net effect, legally.  So ... if Ross never confessed ... and the police did not pursue the rape allegation ... how do we know that it ever even happened?  I guess the only answer is because Vivian Dobson herself says that it happened.  Her account must have been pretty convincing, because they had her testify at several hearings in the Ross cases.  I guess that she was his only surviving victim.  As such, she could add testimony about the manner in which Ross committed the crime with her (she could testify to his "m.o.", she could I.D. him) ... to show the similarity with the crimes of the 8 dead victims who could not testify to such details.  This (above) is all my best guess.  But it does seem to make sense.  There is a good article at this website: .  By the way, I think that Vivian Dobson's case was an attempted rape ... not an actual rape.  When Ross attacked her, she happened to be carrying a knife ... and she pulled it on him.  I can't imagine that a woman with a knife would "allow" the rapist to continue.  So, perhaps her case was only an attempted rape.  That is all the more reason that the police would not pursue it, if no actual rape occurred.

 * Here is the account. (This account was written before Ross was actually executed.)  One of Ross' early victims, Vivian Dobson, was called before a House committee to testify in favor of the abolition of the death penalty.  Dobson was able to escape Ross early on in his career as a mass murderer because she had been packing a knife. Only a few feet from her home, she was accosted by Ross and dragged into the bushes, where he had intended to rape and strangle her. But Ross had not yet perfected his craft and ran into some unforeseen difficulties. When Dobson pressed her knife to his chest, he challenged her.  "Go 'head," he said.  Recently Dobson told a columnist, "All I had to do was just shove it right into his chest. That's all I had to do. And I didn't do it. I didn't do it and those other girls died."  This was a terrible burden to have carried all these years. Dobson confessed to the columnist that she could not move out of her private nightmare unless she forgave Ross. But it is unclear why her forgiveness should take the form of agitating against the death penalty? Surely she does not wish to forgive Ross for failing to kill her, and it is not possible for her to forgive Ross for killing other women.  The family members of other victims prevailed on Dobson to testify against Ross, and she did – which took a great deal of courage. After exhaustive trials and hearings, Ross finally is facing his just punishment, the knife now pointed at his chest. And Ross clearly is challenging the state: "Go 'head."  Dobson told the committee she did not want to accept responsibility for Ross' execution.  When Dobson testified against Ross at his trial, she thought justice would come quickly. She would testify; he would be found guilty; he would be sentenced to death, and execution would follow in a reasonable course of time. But it has taken much too long.  "The parents are dwindling away," Ms. Dobson told the columnist. "People who wanted this so bad are dead. And Ross sits there, waiting." But surely Ross will be sitting there waiting a much longer time if the death penalty abolitionists prevail and he is spared his punishment. (Joseph A. Spadaro (talk) 13:23, 31 May 2009 (UTC))

Fought death penalty?
For a period of time, he wanted the death penalty and those around him fought it against his wishes. Geraldo Rivera had a show (late '80s?) discussing how he wanted the death penalty but couldn't get it. I found that somewhat curious. I couldn't find a reference to this battle in the NY Times.

 * Ross flip-flopped on the issue. Remember that he sat on Death Row for some 20 years.  At first, he did not want the death penalty.  Thus, he pursued all of his appeals.  Then, later on, he did want the death penalty ... or, at least, he claimed that he wanted to be executed.  (Maybe it was some reverse psychology on his part, to be deemed "crazy"?)  When Ross himself dropped all of his appeals, others then stepped in ... his lawyers, his parents, probably some anti-death penalty advocates, etc.  I think that ultimately the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled that all of those other people had no say-so in the matter ... and that it was Ross' decision alone to make.  This is all well documented.  You can find many articles on this legal see-saw.  This Wikipedia article also mentions some of these legal tug-of-war games.  (Joseph A. Spadaro (talk) 13:33, 31 May 2009 (UTC))

He obviously had incompetent lawyers. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.206.50.21 (talk) 21:05, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

Personal account in article
This was added in a series of edits by. Fails WP:RS but placing here for comment: Spokoyni (talk) 15:57, 29 April 2020 (UTC) "Ross was repeatedly attacked by fellow inmates while in prison. They feared him and the statements of his crimes. He was stabbed several times while on death row at CCIS Somers Maximum prison. He was not a mentor, as stated here. He did not have contact with the general population as he spent his entire time in prison on death row. His cell was the last one on death row next to the door that contained the electric chair, that was last used in 1960 on Joseph 'Mad Dog' Taborsky (March 23, 1924 – May 17, 1960). Taborsky was executed by electric chair at the age of 36. His execution in 1960 was the last in Connecticut (and in New England) until that of Michael Bruce Ross in 2005. Ross was incarcerated 23 hours a day. After several attacks by other inmates he was only allowed out to shower and exercise while other inmates were locked in their cells. (Michael CCIS Corrections Officer who worked on death row the years Ross was imprisoned at CCIS.)(April 4, 2020)."

title: Talk:Michael Bruce Ross


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Wharncliffe Side

Wharncliffe Side is a village in South Yorkshire, England, northwest of Sheffield and within the city borough.

Wharcliffe Side is located on the west bank of the River Don, approximately 6 miles northwest of Sheffield city centre, and 1 miles northwest of Oughtibridge, south of the confluence of the Ewden beck and the River Don. The village is at an elevation of 435 ft and the A6102 road passes through the village.

The village has a population of 1355 as of 2011, and is a commuter village for Sheffield and Stocksbridge. The village is within the Stocksbridge and Upper Don electoral ward. There is a primary school on Brighthomelee Lane, along with a post office and two public houses within the village. Glen Howe Park is situated at the southern end of the village. The ancient farming hamlet of Brightholmlee lies 1/2 mi to the west.

title: Wharncliffe Side


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Donatas Banionis

Donatas Banionis (28 April 1924 – 4 September 2014) was a Soviet and Lithuanian stage and film actor and theatre director. He has more than 80 credited roles in cinema and is best known for his performance in the lead role of Tarkovsky's Solaris as Kris Kelvin. He was born in Kaunas, Lithuania.

Banionis began his career with some films in Lithuanian, but he would later play mainly in Russian language films (although his voice was dubbed by Russian actors). He has also worked outside the USSR like in the title role Francisco Goya of the USSR-GDR coproduction Goya or the Hard Way to Enlightenment (1971), directed by Konrad Wolf and in the title role as Ludwig van Beethoven in the 1976 DEFA-production Beethoven - Tage aus einem Leben. Aside from films, he was a popular stage actor in Panevėžys, where he acted since the age of 17, and which was frequented by Donatas' fans from all over the former Soviet Union. His first teacher was Juozas Miltinis. He acted in Vilnius, in the Lithuanian National Drama Theatre.

Vladimir Putin once stated that Banionis' part in the 1968 Soviet spy film Dead Season was the reason why he joined the KGB.

Early life and education
Donatas Banionis was born on 28 April 1924 in Kaunas, Lithuania, to a family of labourers. His father was Juozas Banionis and his mother Ona Blažaitytė Banionienė.

He graduated from the First Kaunas Handicraft School, specialising in ceramics. During his studies he participated in a drama club.

In 1940 in Kaunas, based on the amateur collective that existed at the House of Labor, a professional theatre was created, which was headed by the young director Juozas Miltinis, and soon the theatre moved to Panevėžys. In 1941 Donatas Banionis was admitted to the troupe.

In 1944, Banionis graduated from the studio at the Panevėžys Theater, becoming a professional actor.

In 1984 he graduated from the State Conservatory of the Lithuanian SSR (now the Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theater).

Theatre
On the stage, Banionis played over 100 characters. He acted in many plays, including "The Inspector General" by Nikolai Gogol (1945); Liar by Carlo Goldoni (1952); How the Steel Was Tempered, based on the novel by Nikolai Ostrovsky (1952); Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen (1957), There, Behind the Door, based on the work of Wolfgang Borchert (1966); and The Chair, by Valery Vrublevskaya (1980).

In the early 1980s, after the retirement of Juozas Miltinis, Banionis was appointed the chief director of the Panevėžys Theater, assuming, in addition to problems of a creative nature, the entire burden of purely economic problems: preparation for tours, replenishment of the troupe. Banionis led the theatre until the year 1988. The performances staged during this time included "Amadeus", "Three sacks of weeds" and "Evening".

In the 1990s, the actor performed in the plays "Mindaugas" by Justinas Marcinkevičius (1994), "On the Golden Lake" by Ernest Thompson (1996), "The Circle" by Somerset Maugham (1996), "Love Letters" by Albert Garni (1997)

Film
In 1947, Banionis appeared in the film Marytė. However, his cinematic debut is considered to be the film Adam wants to be a Man (1959) by director Vytautas Žalakevičius, then Banionis starred in his picture The Chronicle of One Day (1964).

Banionis' fame came after the film by Žalakevičius Nobody Wanted to Die (1965). The actor's work in the film by Savva Kulish Dead Season (1968) earned him great popularity.

Banionis starred in the films Nobody Wanted to Die (1965), The Little Prince (1966), Operation Trust (1967), King Lear (1970), Goya or the Hard Way to Enlightenment (1971), The Life and Death of Ferdinand Luce (1976), Beethoven — Days of a Life (1976), Armed and Dangerous (1976), Commander of the Lucky "Pike" (1972), The Flight of Mr. McKinley (1975), Centaurs (1978), Niccolo Paganini (1982), Zmielov (1985), Living Target (1990), Without Evidence (1992), Anna (1996) Yard (1999), Tadas Blinda, The Beginning (2011), etc.

One of the best-known works of the actor was the role of Kris Kelvin in the film of Andrei Tarkovsky Solaris (1972).

Other activities
Banionis was a member of the Jurgis Baltrušaitis Foundation, whose goal is to promote cultural ties and expand humanitarian cooperation between Lithuania and Russia.

Member of the CPSU since 1960. Member of the Communist Party of Lithuania. Member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union of the 9th convocation (1974-1979).

He is the author of memoir prose "I've wanted to Act since My Childhood" (2006).

Later life and death
In his later years, the actor suffered from heart problems. He was stitched with a heart stimulant, then he underwent a long rehabilitation course.

Banionis died on 4 September 2014 from a stroke. He was 90 years old.

Honors and awards
Banionis is a People's Artist of the USSR (1974), winner of the All-Union Film Festival in the category "Best Actor Award" (1966), laureate of the State Prizes of the USSR (1967, 1977, for participation in the films Nobody Wanted to Die and The Flight of Mr. McKinley).

His awards include the Order of Gediminas III degree (1994), the medal. Khanzhonkov in the nomination "For outstanding contribution to the cinema" (1999), the Russian Friendship Orders (1999) and Honor (2009), the Grand Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit for Lithuania (2004), the National Award of Lithuania in the field of culture and art (2013).

He won several prizes at international film festivals. At the film festival of the CIS and Baltic countries Kinoshok in 1999 he was awarded with a special prize "Lady luck" named after Pavel Luspekaev, "for courage and outstanding merits in creativity."

In 1999 he became an Honorary Citizen of the city of Panevėžys.

Personal life
His wife was actress Ona Banionis (1924-2008). They had two sons - Egidijus (1948-1993), a historian, posthumously awarded the State Prize in the field of science, and Raimundas (born in 1957), director.

Selected filmography

 * Marytė (1947) as Peter
 * Adam Wants To Be a Man (1959) as Mr. Dausa
 * A Day's Chronicle (1963) as Donatas
 * Mars, mars! Tra-ta-ta! (1964) as major Varnalesa
 * Nobody Wanted to Die (1966) as Pirmininkas
 * Beware of the Car (1966) as pastor
 * The Little Prince (1966) as Adult
 * Dead Season (1968) as Ladeinikov
 * The Red Tent (1969) as Adalberto Mariano
 * King Lear (1971) as Duke of Albany
 * Goya or the Hard Way to Enlightenment (1971) as Goya
 * Solaris (1972) as Kris Kelvin
 * Kapteinis Dzeks (1972) as Mitya
 * Commander of the Lucky "Pike" (1973) as Viktor Sherknis
 * The Flight of Mr. McKinley (1975) as Mr. McKinley
 * Beethoven, Tage aus einem Leben (1976) as Ludwig van Beethoven
 * Mama, I'm Alive (1977) as Major Mauris
 * Armed and Dangerous (1977) as Gabriel Conroy
 * Where were you, Odysseus? (1978, TV Mini-Series) as Soviet intelligence officer Odyssey
 * Centaurs (1978) as Salvador Allende, chilský prezident
 * Bag of the Collector (1979) as Alexei Tulyakov
 * Nesėtų rugių žydėjimas (1979) as Antanas Petrusonis
 * Territory (1979) as Ilya Chinkov
 * The Suicide Club, or the Adventures of a Titled Person (1981, TV Movie) as Nick Nichols, The Chairman
 * Andrius (1980) as Rauplenas
 * Faktas (1981) as Colonel Titel
 * Medaus menuo Amerikoje (1981) as Alan
 * Atsiprasau (1982) as Guest from Vilnius
 * Snake Catcher (1985) as Boris
 * The Dolphin's Cry (1986) as Submarine Chaplain
 * The 13th Apostle (1988) as Otets
 * Entrance to the Labyrinth (1990, TV Mini-Series) as Mazardi
 * Kiemas (1999) as the old man
 * Anastasia (2006, TV Movie) as father
 * Attack on Leningrad (2009) as Toyvo (uncredited)
 * Tadas Blinda. Start (2011) as Mikhail Muravyov (final film role)

title: Donatas Banionis


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Spelunker (video game)

Spelunker is a 1983 platform video game developed by Timothy G. Martin of MicroGraphic Image. It is set in a cave, with the player starting at the cave's entrance at the top, and the objective is to get to the treasure at the bottom.

Originally released by MicroGraphic Image for the Atari 8-bit computers in 1983, the game was ported to the Commodore 64 and re-released by Broderbund in 1984, with European publishing rights licensed to Ariolasoft. It was released on arcade in 1985, on the Nintendo Entertainment System on December 6, 1985 in Japan and September 1987 in North America, and on the MSX in 1986. A sequel was released in arcades in 1986 called Spelunker II: 23 no Kagi, and a different sequel for the NES on September 18, 1987 called Spelunker II: Yūja e no Chōsen, both by Irem and in Japan only.

Gameplay
The player must walk and jump through increasingly challenging parts of the cave, all while working with a finite supply of fresh air, which can be replenished at various points.

The cave's hazards include bats, which drop deadly guano on the player; and a ghost haunting the cave, randomly appearing to take the player to the shadow world. The player character can send a blast of air to push the ghost away, but this renders the player's character immobile for a few seconds, thus vulnerable to other dangers and further depleting their air supply. Objects to collect include sticks of dynamite, flares, and keys. Precise positioning and jumping are key factors in successfully completing the game.

The cave is divided into six levels. Although the levels connect seamlessly to each other, forming one large map, the game clearly signals a level change at certain points by showing the name of the next level and giving the player a bonus, consisting of an extra life and a varying number of points. Once a player completed all six levels, a new cave will be started with the same layout but with increasing difficulty. There are six caves total. While using the same game and scenery elements, the NES and MSX levels (which are shared with the Wii and 3DS versions) are far smaller than the Atari/C64 levels. The Arcade version uses additional game elements (such as shooting and scuba diving) and has an original level design, and the same is true for Spelunker HD.

The splash screen of the original Atari version features an excerpt of Modest Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition as title music. All other versions of the game, including the Atari re-release feature a different title theme. The NES and MSX versions have additional music during gameplay.

Development
MicroGraphicImage was founded by former employees of Games by Apollo, one of the companies that had overproduced games for the Atari 2600, creating a glut of cheap games. In the pre-Christmas market of 1983, Games by Apollo became insolvent, with several games still in development for a number of platforms, including the Atari 8-bit computers. Three former programmers from this company – Tim Martin, Robert Barber, and Cash Foley – subsequently formed MicroGraphicImage. Martin had been previously worked on games for the Atari 2600 and Foley developed for the Atari 8-bit family. When Games by Apollo went into insolvency, Martin and Barber developed a game entitled Halloween, based on the film. The contract funded the founding of MicroGraphicImage. The game was released by Wizard Video Games during the video game crash of 1983 and sold poorly.

Martin and Barber's expertise was with the Atari 2600, and they were dissatisfied with the money being made through contract game development. Their strategy was to utilize the contract programming to leverage the funding of a software publishing company. Cash Foley joined as a technical specialist with Atari and Apple computer programming. At the January 1983 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, they developed a relationship with Gary Carlson, one of the founders of Broderbund. In early 1983, MicroGraphicImage developed games under contract for Broderbund, Parker Brothers, and CBS Electronics, while developing Spelunker for themselves.

Martin and Barber had been developing the Spelunker game design for some time, but it went beyond the specifications for the Atari 2600. Martin was responsible for game logic, Foley developed the graphic engine and game level editor, and Barber was the graphic designer and level editor. As Spelunker was Martin's original idea and he programmed the game logic, the game was issued with his name as the lead game developer, with the intention to alternate this role for subsequent games, but the short lifespan of the company meant that this did not happen. In 1984, they turned publication over to Broderbund and made a version of the game for Commodore 64, very similar to the original.

Although MicroGraphicImage was able to maintain a steady stream of contract work, the company was not profitable due to the overheads of financial business focus going into publishing. The game recession that started in the winter of 1982 deteriorated, and it was very difficult to find distributors to take games, especially from small publishers. Eventually, MicroGraphicImage ran out of money and ceased operations. Martin continued working with Broderbund on a business level and was able recover all debt through NES and coin-op versions of Spelunker.

Martin and Foley continued to work together, including at an Amiga publishing company called Inovatronics. Eventually, Martin was a co-founder of the Internet provider Internet America. As of 2007, Foley was working at Perot Systems.

Reception
The game was met with positive reviews. Bryan Welch reviewed the original Atari-8 bit version of Spelunker for 1984 Antic Magazine Buyers Guide and recommended Spelunker to players who like arcade-type games and are looking for a challenge. Computer Gaming World of 1985 called Spelunker "a thoroughly enjoyable game ... a class act". In Japan, Game Machine listed the arcade version of Spelunker on their February 15, 1986 issue as being the fourth most-successful table arcade unit of the month.

Legacy
The game was re-released for Virtual Console in Japan on August 28, 2007, and in 2008 for North America on March 17, and Europe on September 5 on Wii. It was released in 2013 in Japan on April 27, and in North America and Europe on June 6 for the Wii U Virtual Console. The game was made available for the Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console in Japan on December 19, 2012, and in 2013 for North America on June 27, and Europe on July 18.

Sony Computer Entertainment of Japan released Spelunker HD for the PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network Store. It received the PlayStation Store best sales award in 2009 from Sony Computer Entertainment of Japan. The game is a remake of the NES port, with high definition graphics and 10 large caves with 10 levels in each.

In 2015, Square Enix released the free-to-play sequel Spelunker World for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita. A new game based on Spelunker World was released in Japan for the Nintendo Switch in April 2017. It was later released as a download worldwide and physically only in Japan, as Spelunker Party! on October 19 the same year.

In 2016, a collaboration between Spelunker and the Neptunia series resulted to an unlockable minigame mode called "Neplunker" for Megadimension Neptunia VII.

An updated version of the game was announced in 2018 for the Intellivision Amico.

title: Spelunker (video game)


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Poul Nielsen

Niels Poul "Tist" Nielsen (25 December 1891 – 9 August 1962) was a Danish footballer who is the joint all-time top goalscorer for the Denmark national team with 52 goals in 38 matches.

Nielsen won a silver medal with the national team at the 1912 Summer Olympics. He played his career as a striker for Kjøbenhavns Boldklub, with whom he won six Danish football championships.

Biography
As a young boy, Nielsen would sneak in to watch football games without paying, thus becoming a gratist (free rider), abbreviated to "Tist". Born in Copenhagen, Nielsen started playing football with Kjøbenhavns Boldklub (KB), where he spent his entire senior career. He made his debut for the Denmark national team on 5 May 1910 as the then youngest player, at 18 years and 131 days of age (exceeding Vilhelm Wolfhagen's age record from 1908). Nielsen's record would remain for eight years, until the 18 years and 51 days old Valdemar Laursen became the youngest Denmark national team debutant.

Nielsen made his debut in a Denmark national team that was playing its first game since winning silver medals at the 1908 Summer Olympics, and he was included in the Danish squad for the 1912 Summer Olympics tournament. He played one game at the 1912 Olympics, the 4–1 win against the Netherlands, where he scored his first national team goal in his third national team game. Denmark later successfully defended their Olympic silver medal, losing 2–4 to Great Britain in the final game, without Nielsen in the team. After the 1912 Olympics, Nielsen started scoring goals for the Denmark national team at a record-setting pace, while guiding KB to two Danish championships in a row during 1913 and 1914. He scored 22 goals in his first nine national team games after the 1912 Olympics, from May 1913 to June 1916, including six goals in a 10–0 win against Sweden and all four Danish goals in a 4–1 win against Germany. His tally in June 1916 was 23 goals in 12 national team games.

He was a part of the KB team that won the 1917, 1918, 1922 and 1925 Danish championships, while still scoring plenty of goals for the Denmark national team. On 14 October 1923, Nielsen broke Sophus Hansen's record from 1920, becoming became the first Dane to play 32 international games. He ended his national team career in September 1925, having scored a total 52 goals in 38 matches, including 26 goals against Norway and 15 goals against Sweden. Although Nielsen played during the 1910s and 1920s, the number of goals he scored for his country is still the national record, and was not equalled until Jon Dahl Tomasson scored his 52nd goal in June 2010. Nielsen's tally of 38 international matches was another Danish record, but it was exceeded by Michael Rohde in June 1931. Because his career spanned the nascent years of international football, Nielsen never got a chance to play in the World Cup; his only world game was the 1912 Summer Olympics. However, Nielsen managed to score eight hat-tricks in his international career.

Nielsen died in Copenhagen in August 1962, aged 70.

Honours
KB
 * Danish championship: 1912–13, 1913–14, 1916–17, 1917–18, 1921–22, 1924–25

title: Poul Nielsen


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Category talk:Ford platforms

I see a lot of confusion here between platforms and programs, and some misunderstanding of Ford's code name system. I am no longer part of the product development community but I used to work with this stuff everyday, and I see some inaccurate and confusing information. I would like to work with some of the primary contributors to gradually straighten this out, could we get a little dialogue started here?

Some history -- Until the mid-1980s, Ford used a code name system for major new product programs. Some of these were major programs that spawned platforms (Fox and Panther), others may have been spin-offs of existing products. The last code-name program was the Taurus. Replacements of existing vehicles sometimes did not have a code name but were just known as, for example, "new Mustang".

About 1983, the company decided to adopt an alphanumeric scheme for naming new product programs. The first letter denoted vehicle type and size: B=subcompact, C=compact, D=midsize, E=full size, F=luxury, G= sports car, S=sports coupe, V=van, P=pickup, U=utility. (this changed a little later, but this was the beginning list).

The second letter denoted the responsible product development group -- N=North America, E=Europe, T=Mazda (at that time Toyo Kogyo, corporate name)

The numbers were 2 digit, sequentially assigned, and were originally planned to be rotated as the computer system at that time was set up to handle fixed length four character abbreviations. IT developments made that unnecessary, so the numbers are sequential from the beginning.

The first programs so labeled were converted from code names. A few I remember: VN1=Aerostar, DN5=Taurus, SN8 a cancelled Mustang replacement, ST11  the first probe, FN9 and FN10 were the front drive Lincoln Continental and the Mark VII (I think that was originally code-named Saturn). The 1981 Escort (Ericka) and the 1983 Tempo (Topaz) were the last code named programs with no numbers, as I recall, but the code names of the 1978 Fairmont (Fox) and 1979 Crown Victoria (Panther) lived on for years as platform designators. The F-series truck has been redesign 2 or 3 times in my career, the Econoline twice, but usually people refer to "the F-series plarform", not "the PN96".

In the new scheme all programs get an alphanumeric, whether they are whole new platforms (rare) or modifications of existing. This makes identification of a platform much more difficult.

Example -- SN95 was certainly a major redesign of the old Fox platform, but even thought the sheetmetal changed a lot, it at least to me is more "Fox-plus" than a new platform. The new CD338 Ford Fusion(translation: CD between a compact and a midsize) is certainly a new vehicle and is a complete redesign of the aging Taurus platform. Its derivatives, the CD334 Lincoln Zephyr and CD336 Mercury Milan, are just derivatives. And why does the lead vehicle have a higher numerical number? VN58 was a major Econoline redesign in 1989 replacing the 1975 "Nantucket" Econoline, but the 1996 VN127 was just a freshening. Similarly the VX54 villager was a new platform for Ford, two subsequent VX programs were just tweaks. --Pmeisel 17:31, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Ford platforms


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The Adventures of Gulliver

The Adventures of Gulliver is a 1968 television cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The show is loosely based on the 1726 satirical novel Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift. The show aired Saturday mornings on ABC-TV and lasted for one season in its original broadcast. Flirtacia appeared in the third season of Jellystone!.

Plot
While on a treasure hunting voyage with his father, Gary Gulliver and his dog Tagg end up shipwrecked on an island. On this island is the kingdom of Lilliput, where its inhabitants have a height of only a few centimeters. Gary and Tagg are caught by the Lilliputians while they are recovering from the shipwreck, but afterwards they become great friends. With the help of the Lilliputians, Gary continues searching for his missing father. (A subplot in the series involves a map that Gary's father left to him after secretly putting it inside Tagg's collar before the shipwreck). The villain of the series is the evil Captain Leech who, in the adventures, is always attempting to steal the map from Gary.

Broadcast history
Seventeen episodes were produced and were originally broadcast on ABC in the fall and winter of 1968-69. The episodes were rerun through the summer of 1970. In 1971, the show became part of The Banana Splits and Friends Show, the syndicated version of The Banana Splits Adventure Hour. Toys were produced in Germany by Heimo.

Voice cast

 * Jerry Dexter – Gary Gulliver
 * John Stephenson – Captain John Leech, Thomas Gulliver (Gary's father), and King Pomp (monarch of Lilliput)
 * Ginny Tyler – Flirtacia (King Pomp's daughter and princess of Lilliput)
 * Allan Melvin – Bunko (a Lilliputian)
 * Don Messick – Eager (a Lilliputian) and Tagg (Gary's dog)
 * Herb Vigran – Glum (a Lilliputian)

Additional series credits
'''A Hanna-Barbera Production. Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. ©MCMLXVIII-MCMLXXI All rights reserved.'''
 * Associate Producer: Lew Marshall
 * Story Direction: Howard Swift
 * Story by: Ken Spears, Joe Ruby
 * Animation Director: Charles A. Nichols
 * Production Design: Iwao Takamoto
 * Production Coordinator: Victor O. Schipek
 * Layouts: John Ahern, Pete Alvarado, Dick Bickenbach, Brad Case, Walt Clinton, Richard Gonzalez, Gary Hoffman, Jack Huber, Tom Knowles, Lance Nolley, Joel Seibel, Don Sheppard
 * Animation: Ray Abrams, Carlos Alfonso, Bob Bemiller, Ron Campbell, Shannon Lee Dyer, Hugh Fraser, George Goepper, Fernando Gonzales, Sam Jaimes, Volus Jones, Dick Lundy, Ed Parks, Don Patterson, Ray Patterson, Irv Spence, Bob Taylor, Lloyd Vaughan, Allen Wilzbach
 * Backgrounds: Walt Peregoy, Janet Brown, Sheila Brown, Albert Gmuer, Fernando Montealegre, Gary Niblett, Eric Semones, Peter Van Elk
 * Titles: Robert Schaefer
 * Music Director: Ted Nichols
 * Technical Supervisor: Frank Paiker
 * Ink and Paint Supervisor: Roberta Greutert
 * Xerography: Robert "Tiger" West
 * Sound Direction: Richard Olson
 * Film Editing: Geoffrey Griffin, James Yaras
 * Camera: George Epperson, Charles Flekal, Bill Kotler, Ralph Migliori, Cliff Shirpser, Roy Wade

Home Video
The 1st episode "Dangerous Journey" was released on the DVDs Saturday Morning Cartoons Vol. 2 & Saturday Morning Cartoons: 1960s-1980s Collection.

title: The Adventures of Gulliver


text:
Smoke signal (disambiguation)

Smoke signals are a form of visual communication used over long distances.

Smoke Signal(s) may also refer to:

Film and TV

 * Smoke Signal (film), a 1955 American film
 * "Smoke Signals", an episode of 2022 TV series American Horror Story: NYC
 * "Smoke Signals" (Dexter: New Blood), a 2021 episode of the TV series Dexter: New Blood
 * Smoke Signals (film), a 1998 Canadian-American film
 * "Smoke Signals" (American Horror Story), an episode of the eleventh season of American Horror Story

Music

 * Smoke Signals (Smokey Robinson album), 1986
 * Smoke Signals (MDC album), 1986
 * Smoke Signals (song), a 1956 song by Slim Whitman
 * "Smoke Signals", a song by Extreme on the 1989 album Extreme
 * "Smoke Signals", a song by Phoebe Bridgers on the 2017 album Stranger in the Alps
 * "Smoke Signals", a song by Sean Kingston on the 2013 album Back 2 Life

Publications

 * Smoke Signal (newsletter), 1975 publication produced by Bill Rosser and others on Palm Island, Australia
 * Smoke Signals (journal), the official magazine of the Aboriginal Advancement League in Victoria, Australia
 * Smoke Signals (newspaper), published by the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, Oregon, U.S.

Other uses

 * Smoke Signal, Arizona, a community in the United States
 * Smoke Signal Broadcasting, a defunct American computer company

title: Smoke signal (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Exogenous factor

This article was proposed for deletion January 2005. The discussion is archived at Votes for deletion/Exogenous factor. Joyous 17:31, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Exogenous factor