text:
User talk:Tibetibet

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(Sam Spade | talk | contributions) 17:36, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Spam links
Please do not put unrelevant links on pages. The organization you work for is surely noble but this is encyclopedia and not link farm. Pavel Vozenilek 18:37, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Better way: create one page with information about individual countries and put it in Wikipedia. Such article would be for sure welcomed, relevant and targeted. Pavel Vozenilek 18:50, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Re: International Freedom of Expression Exchange
Okay, no worries. In future, particularly when making edits as an anon, it would be good if you used edit summaries because it can be difficult to tell the difference between legitimate edits and vandalism or politically/commercially motivated edits. Thanks for letting me know. Sarah Ewart (Talk) 05:12, 26 June 2006 (UTC)

Re: Hong Kong Journalists Association
Hi. You should not be using the page to put every single piece of information that already exists on your website. Otherwise, you are just copying from one site to another. Wikipedia is not supposed to be used as a carbon copy. Tibetibet (Talk) 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Brad Will external links
Hi. I removed your external link to the story from IFEX. I explain the rationale here, on the article's Talk page. If you come across more reaction to the killing -- and not just news bulletins -- please include it in the "Reaction and reportage" section. Thanks. Alcarillo 18:22, 4 November 2006 (UTC)

Your edit to Special Rapporteur
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bolding
Bolding is used within articles to signal the title of the article, as well as the page titles that redirect to that article. Please do not embolden words that are not redirects, as you did at Special Court for Sierra Leone. - BanyanTree 22:17, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for great edits
Thanks for the great edits on the Right Livelihood Award, been meaning to finish what I started and you did, creating many useful links. FYI, countries of origin don't need to be linked the 2nd, 3rd, 4th times they are mentioned in one article; usually the first time is enough. Now we just need to create articles for those that are redlinked. Or find the articles that exist - as you have done - under variant names. Why don't you create a user page? Bruxism 06:13, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * User pages just let people know a little about you. I like them because if you suspect POV, you can see where the author is coming from ideologically and factor for that.  And if you're Tibetan, I'd like to know more about you anyway.  Bruxism 07:14, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the tip. I'm not Tibetan but I've visited Tibet. Probably one of the best trips of my life. 19 February 2007

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PEN/Open Book cat
Hi Tibetibet -- Just FYI, I added that Category:Freedom of expression organizations category to PEN/Open Book because it previously had the tag Category:Freedom of expression. I agree that it was a little questionable, but left it on because I thought perhaps, like other PEN orgs, it had a freedom of expression mission. --Lquilter (talk) 00:39, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Tibetibet


text:
374 Burgundia

Burgundia (minor planet designation: 374 Burgundia) is a typical main belt asteroid that was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 18 September 1893 in Nice. It was named for the former French region of Burgundy. It is one of seven of Charlois's discoveries that was expressly named by the Astromomisches Rechen-Institut (Astronomical Calculation Institute).

Burgundia was long thought to be a member of the now defunct Ceres asteroid family, but it was found to be an unrelated interloper in that group based on its non-matching composition.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 374 Burgundia


text:
375 Ursula

Ursula (minor planet designation: 375 Ursula), provisional designation, is a dark asteroid and parent body of the Ursula family from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest asteroids with a diameter of approximately 200 kilometers. It was discovered on 18 September 1893, by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory in France. The referent of the asteroids's name is unknown.

Orbit and classification
Ursula is the parent body of the Ursula family (631), a large family of C- and X-type asteroids. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.8–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,016 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory in October 1893, three weeks after its official discovery observation at Nice.

Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Ursula is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, while in the SMASS taxonomy, it is a Xc-subtype that transitions to the X-type asteroids.

Rotation period
In January 2017, the so-far best-rated rotational lightcurve of Ursula was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Frederick Pilcher at the Organ Mesa Observatory (G50), New Mexico. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 16.899 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.11 magnitude (U=3).

Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Ursula measures between 189.45 and 215.67 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.04 and 0.049.

Observations of an occultation on 15 November 1984, produced six chords indicating an estimated diameter of 216±10 km. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0494 and adopts a diameter of 216.1 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 7.21.

Naming
Any reference of this minor planet's name to a person or occurrence is unknown.

Unknown referent
Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Ursula is one of only 120 for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these asteroids have low numbers between and  and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth.

title: 375 Ursula


text:
376 Geometria

Geometria (minor planet designation: 376 Geometria) is a main belt asteroid that was discovered by French astronomer Auguste Charlois on 18 September 1893 in Nice, France. It is classified as an S-type asteroid.

In 1983, 376 Geometria was observed photometrically from the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, producing an asymmetrical light curve that indicates a rotation period of 7.74 ± 0.02 hours with a brightness variation of 0.16 ± 0.01 in magnitude.

title: 376 Geometria


text:
377 Campania

Campania (minor planet designation: 377 Campania) is a large main belt asteroid that was discovered by French astronomer Auguste Charlois on 20 September 1893 in Nice.

Photometric observations of this asteroid made at the Torino Observatory in Italy during 1990–1991 were used to determine a synodic rotation period of 8.507 ± 0.003 hours.

title: 377 Campania


text:
Outer Dark

Outer Dark is the second novel by American writer Cormac McCarthy, published in 1968. The time and setting are nebulous, but can be assumed to be somewhere in Appalachia, sometime around the turn of the twentieth century. The novel tells of a woman named Rinthy who bears her brother's baby. The brother, Culla, leaves the nameless infant in the woods to die, but tells his sister that the newborn died of natural causes and had to be buried. Rinthy discovers this lie and sets out to find the baby for herself.

The name of the novel is derived from the Gospel of Matthew, specifically the meeting between the Roman centurion and Jesus, during which Jesus says: "But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth".

Writing process
McCarthy began writing the novel on December 15, 1962, in Asheville, North Carolina, and finished the first draft in New Orleans, in 1964. He wrote the early draft of the final version in Knoxville, Tennessee, and the middle and final drafts during a stay in Ibiza, Spain. Several different events occurred in McCarthy's private life during the writing of the first draft, the most important of which being the failure of his marriage to Lee Holleman McCarthy and their subsequent divorce in July 1963. During this time, McCarthy submitted The Orchard Keeper for review to Random House Books, subsequently receiving a lengthy list of suggested changes from his editor Larry Bensky, interrupting his work on the novel. His revision of The Orchard Keeper would at different times interrupt further work on the novel. Aside from the work on his first novel, McCarthy suffered loneliness during this period, with his wife and son having left him, and with McCarthy having moved to Knoxville, Tennessee. He wrote the final version of the novel 18 months after his marriage to Anne DeLisle.

Introduction
The novel begins with the introduction of the siblings Culla and Rinthy Holme and the result of their sexual relationship, with Rinthy being only a few days from labor. Here, the Tinker is introduced as well, and from his interaction with Culla and Culla's unwillingness to call for help during the birth, his shame over the child becomes clear. The child is soon born, and after Rinthy falls asleep, Culla leaves it out to die in the woods telling her that the child died.

The child is found by the tinker, who takes him to a wet nurse, without knowing who his parents are. Rinthy finds an empty grave and sets out to find the child.

Culla's journey
After abandoning the child, Culla, trying to escape his sin, sets out across the country to find work.

His first job is with a local squire, who puts him to work chopping wood, for which he is paid half a dollar. After he leaves it is found out that a pair of expensive boots have been stolen. Immediately blaming him, the squire pursues him. The squire is set upon by a trio and soon killed.

Travelling to the town of Cheatham looking for work, it is found out that someone has desecrated three graves near the church. He is blamed and runs away from the town.

His next job is painting the roof of a barn some distance from Cheatham, but is found by law enforcement. Again forced to run away, he injures himself in flight. The trio going in wake of Culla finds the three men he assumes framed him for the desecration and kills them.

Further on his journey Culla finds an old man who gives him a drink of water and shows off his gun and hunting trophies. He invites Culla to stay and learn snake hunting from him. He refuses. The trio again shows up and kills the man.

His next stop is Preston Falls, where he finds employment digging graves. Returning to town for payment, he finds it abandoned of all life and quickly runs away from it. Culla tries to cross a river on a ferry with the ferryman and a man who came aboard on horseback. During their night crossing, the river surges too quickly and soon the ferryman, the man and the horse are killed. Near dawn, Culla is helped ashore by the trio that was following him, who suspect him of murdering the two men aboard the ferry. Culla is obliged to eat some of the strange, unknown meat from their fire and, threatening him, the men take his boots.

Culla afterwards stumbles upon an apparently abandoned, unlocked home and takes refuge in it. In the morning, he is welcomed by an armed man who takes him to the squire, again accused of a crime, this time of trespassing. He pleads guilty to this crime for a lighter sentence, and works off his fine.

The final episode of his journey of false accusations is being accused of inciting a herd of pigs off a cliff and the murder of a young hog-driver. This time, to evade being executed, Culla jumps off a cliff himself into a river, injuring his leg. Coming ashore, he again finds the trio, as well as his child (burned on one side of his body and missing an eye) and the body of the tinker. After accusing Culla of fathering and abandoning the child, the leader of the trio slays the baby, after which a companion appears to begin to eat it.

Rinthy's journey
Careful to avoid her brother, Rinthy sets out to look for the child. After travelling a while, during the night she stumbles upon a house. Here she finds a family who take her in, feed her and offer her a place to sleep. The oldest boy of the family expresses interest in her, which she rejects. Travelling to the town with them, she is unable to find the child and sets out again to try and find him.

Travelling further she stays briefly with two families, where she finds out she is still lactating and retains hope for the child's well-being. She stays for some time with an old woman living in a forest with a dislike for snakes and dogs.

Next she meets a lawyer who treats her kindly and allows her to rest at his office while she waits for a doctor, who keeps business across from the lawyer. The doctor gives her hope her child is still alive, and gives her a salve for her breasts which are still lactating and have begun bleeding.

Rinthy finally catches up to the tinker, who takes her to his cabin with the suggestion of giving her her child. He does not in fact do so, but berates her for abandoning her child, and telling her he deserves the child far more than she. Beginning to surmise the truth, the tinker demands to know if Culla is the child's father. When Rinthy tells him he is, the tinker refuses to believe it, calling Rinthy a liar and storming from the cabin saying he will kill her if she follows him.

Later, she appears to be living with an unidentified man on a small farm. The man insists she speak to him, but she says she does not have anything to say. In the middle of the night, she steals away from the farm and the “dead and loveless house,” going back to the road.

Finally, she comes upon the clearing where her child’s body has been burned, along with the tinker’s cart, and where the tinker’s body hangs in a tree. She lingers in the clearing, and goes to sleep as night falls.

Ending
Years later, Culla talks to a blind man who tells him of the blessings of being blind, and that he prays for what he needs. Culla later watches the blind man walking towards a swamp, which for him means certain death. The novel ends with Culla thinking, "Someone should tell a blind man before setting him out that way."

Characters

 * Culla Holme – the main male character, brother and former lover of Rinthy Holme
 * Rinthy Holme – the main female character, sister and former lover of Culla Holme
 * The Tinker – the man who finds the abandoned child and takes him home to care for him
 * The Unnamed Child – abandoned child of Rinthy and Culla Holme
 * The Trio – a mysterious group of nameless men who are following Culla, they are ruthless killers who seem to be punishing Culla for his sins, but also routinely murder others along their journey

Consequences of sin
In his second novel, McCarthy moved away from the naturalistic conventions of The Orchard Keeper. A number of writing conventions which were present in his first novel are here lacking: a distinct chronology, allusions to the modern world beyond the mountain culture, or forays into frontier and absurdist comedy. Instead, McCarthy introduces a Calvinistic conception of sin and retribution, which creates a cruel and bleak world in contrast to a world in the original state of innocence. The state of innocence is here present in the familial isolation, surrounded by nature, which was desecrated by incest. The ugliness of the sin is underscored by the ugliness of the child found at the end of the novel, while the sexual nature of the siblings' sin is underscored by the tinker who found the child, as he is a lecherous and deformed seller of supplies and pornography. Culla further commits a double sin of attempted infanticide. The forces of retribution are present in the trio of murderous men, McCarthy's grotesque equivalent of the Erinyes (or Furies, or Eumenides) of Greek myth. However, cosmic retribution in Outer Dark does not simply punish those who have committed a sin, it punishes those who are innocent and guilty alike.

Nihilism
Ethical considerations do not seem to exist in the world of Outer Dark, while the fates of characters are not determined by the morality of their lives. The world of Outer Dark appears to be devoid of meaning, which can be seen in both the opening and closing scenes of the novel. In the beginning of the novel, the salvation and happiness promised by the prophet in Culla's dream never arrives. Instead, the world remains in cold darkness, unchanged. The last scene of the novel, in which a blind man walks off into the mire of a bog, is a paradigm for a dead-end, paradigmless world.

Reception
Thomas Lask gave the novel a positive review, complimenting McCarthy's ability to combine the mythic and the actual in a perfect work of imagination.

Walter Sullivan, one of McCarthy's most demanding critics, noted the power, literary virtuosity, and universality of his characters. He further highlights McCarthy's ability to find devices and characters that grasp us in their strangeness and force us to grapple with the reality surrounding us.

Adaptations
In 2009, a fifteen-minute film based on the book, directed by Stephen Imwalle and with Jamie Dunne and Azel James playing as Rinthy Holme and Culla Holme respectively, was released on the U.S. festival circuit.

title: Outer Dark


text:
Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas

Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, 3rd Duke of Rivas (Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, Duque de Rivas; 10 March 1791 – 22 June 1865) was a Spanish poet, dramatist and politician born in Córdoba. He is best known for his play Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino (Don Álvaro, or the Force of Fate) (1835), the first romantic success in the Spanish theater.

Career
De Saavedra fought in the war of independence and was also a prominent member of the advanced Liberal party from 1820 to 1823. In 1823, Rivas was condemned to death for his liberal views and fled to England. He lived successively in Italy, Malta and France, until the death of Ferdinand VII in 1833 and the amnesty of 1834, when he returned to Spain, shortly afterwards succeeding his brother as duke of Rivas.

In 1835 he became minister of the interior under Isturiz, and along with his chief had again to leave the country. Returning in 1837, he joined the moderate party, became prime minister, and was subsequently ambassador at Paris and Naples and director of the Real Academia Española.

In 1813 he published Ensayos poéticos, and between that time and his first exile several of his tragedies (the most notable being Alatar, 1814, and Lanuza, 1822) were put upon the stage. Traces of foreign influence are observable in El Moro expósito (1833), a narrative poem dedicated to John Hookham Frere; these are still more marked in Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino (first played on 22 March 1835 in Madrid), a drama which emerged from heated literary controversy.

Don Álvaro is of historical importance inasmuch as it established the new French romanticism in Spain. The play was used as the basis of Francesco Maria Piave's libretto for Verdi's opera La forza del destino (1862). As a poet, Rivas's best-known work is Romances históricos (1841), adaptions of popular legends in ballad form.

Marriage and children
He married María de la Encarnación de Cueto y Ortega (1806–1885) and had 9 children, including :
 * Enrique Ramírez de Saavedra y de Cueto (1828–1914), 4th Duke of Rivas
 * Gonzalo de Saavedra y Cueto (1831–1899), mayor of Madrid

title: Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas


text:
User:Mulad/Al's Breakfast

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title: User:Mulad/Al's Breakfast


text:
Ruth Padel

Ruth Sophia Padel FRSL FZS (born 8 May 1946) is a British poet, novelist and non-fiction author, known for her poetic explorations of migration, both animal and human, and her involvement with classical music, wildlife conservation and Greece, ancient and modern. She is Trustee for conservation charity New Networks for Nature, has served on the board of the Zoological Society of London and was Professor of Poetry at King's College London from 2013 to 2022.

Biography
Padel is daughter of psychoanalyst John Hunter Padel and Hilda Barlow, daughter of Sir Alan Barlow and Nora Barlow née Darwin, granddaughter of Charles Darwin, through whom Padel is Darwin's great-great-grandchild. Her brother is historian Oliver Padel; cousins include prison reformer Una Padel, sculptor Phyllida Barlow, mathematician Martin T. Barlow and biographer Randal Keynes; her uncle is Horace Barlow. Padel was born in Wimpole Street where her great-grandfather Sir Thomas Barlow practised medicine.

She attended North London Collegiate School, studied Classics at Lady Margaret Hall Oxford where she sang in Schola Cantorum of Oxford, wrote a PhD on Greek poetry, and as the first Bowra Research Fellow at Wadham College Oxford, which altered its Statutes for her to accommodate female Fellows, was among the first women to become Fellows of formerly all-male Oxford colleges. She taught Greek at Oxford and Birkbeck, University of London, taught opera in the Modern Greek Department at Princeton University, has lived extensively in Greece, and studied at the Sorbonne in Paris, where she sang in the Choir of Église Saint-Eustache, Paris.

Her publishing career began in 1985, while she was teaching Greek at Birkbeck College, with a poetry pamphlet. She then left academe to support herself by reviewing and publish her first collection (1990). From 1984 to 2000 she was married to philosopher Myles Burnyeat. From 2014 to 2022 she was Professor of Poetry at King's College London.

Fiction

 * Where the Serpent Lives 2010
 * Daughters of the Labyrinth 2021

Poetry

 * Alibi 1985
 * Summer Snow 1990
 * Angel 1993
 * Fusewire 1996
 * Rembrandt Would Have Loved You, Shortlisted for T S Eliot Prize, 1998
 * Voodoo Shop, Shortlisted for Whitbread Prize and T S Eliot Prize, 2002
 * The Soho Leopard, Shortlisted for T S Eliot Prize, 2004
 * Darwin – A Life in Poems, Shortlisted for Costa Prize, 2009
 * The Mara Crossing, Shortlisted for Ted Hughes Award, 2012
 * Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth, Shortlisted for T S Eliot Prize, 2014
 * Tidings – A Christmas Journey 2016
 * Emerald 2018
 * Beethoven Variations: Poems on a Life 2020

Non-Fiction

 * In and Out of the Mind: Greek Images of the Tragic Self 1992
 * Whom Gods Destroy: Elements of Greek and Tragic Madness 1995
 * I'm a Man: Sex, Gods and Rock 'n' Roll 2000
 * Tigers in Red Weather 2005

Criticism, editing

 * 52 Ways of Looking at a Poem: How Reading Modern Poetry Can Change Your Life 2002
 * The Poem and the Journey 2006
 * Silent Letters of the Alphabet 2010
 * Walter Ralegh, Selected Poems 2010
 * Alfred Lord Tennyson (Folio Society, Introduction and Notes) 2007
 * Gerard Manley Hopkins (Folio Society, Introduction) 2011

Fiction
Padel's first novel Where the Serpent Lives(2010) focussed on nature, and also wildlife crime, mainly in India but also in Britain. It was praised for its vivid nature writing, intensely observed portrait of Indian forests and wildlife under threat, her innovative use of science and animal's eye viewpoint. 'Only Emily Brontë has embraced Padel’s radical and sympathetic inclusiveness of creaturely life.' 'She brings a poet’s intensity to her prose: objects, plants, and the wildlife that stalk her pages are all fiercely observed. Elephants and tigers under threat from poachers, forests felled for financial gain, corruption and uncaring officialdom result in habitats lost and species disappearing.'  In India and UK, reviewers commented on the imaginative connections between nature, poetry and science. "She has done for the forests of Karnataka and Bengal what Amitav Ghosh did for the Sundarbans in The Hungry Tide." Her second novel, Daughters of the Labyrinth, set in London and Crete 2019-20, looks back to the Second World War and the little-known Holocaust of the Jews of Crete - where Padel has lived on and off since 1970. It also tells the story of the last synagogue on Crete, Etz Hayyim Synagogue in Chania. 'It is rare to come across literary fiction as satisfying as this. I had no idea there was a Jewish community on Crete or what had happened to them. Padel skilfully shows the lives of Cretan Jews deeply embedded in the island’s life, and, tragically, how cut off they were from what was happening to Jews on the Greek mainland. The whiff of authenticity seeps from every page,'(Jewish Chronicle). ‘An immersive novel steeped in the history and folklore of Crete: transporting, historically informative story-telling’(Sunday Times). ‘Evocative, entrancing, a wonderfully rich and absorbing novel, delightful in its evocation of Crete and its many-layered history.’

Poetry
Padel has published twelve poetry collections, won the UK National Poetry Competition, and been shortlisted five times for the T S Eliot and other UK prizes. Her major themes are music, science, nature, painting, history, migration and wildlife conservation; and her work takes the idea of "the journey" as a "stepping stone to lyrical reflection on the human condition". She has been described as an exquisite image-maker of intense lyricism, delicate skill, rich imagery, deep resonance and a wild generous imagination. She was described as "the sexiest voice in British poetry" for her love poems in 1998; her elegiac poems explore loss and bereavement, Stylistic hallmarks are said to be juxtaposition of the modern world with the ancient, technical skill and musicality; wit, passion, lyrical intelligence, internal and half-rhyme, enjambement and unusual energy within and against the line,    'As if Wallace Stevens had hijacked Sylvia Plath with a dash of punk Sappho thrown in."  Quoted influences include Gerard Manley Hopkins and Greek choral lyric. From 1998 to 2004, Padel's collections reflect themes of simultaneously written non-fiction: music (I’m a Man - Sex, Gods and Rock 'n' Roll); technical attention to the poetic line (52 Ways of Looking at a Poem, exemplified in poems such as 'Icicles Round a Tree in Dumfrieshire' her National Poetry Competition winner); and wildlife (Tigers in Red Weather). Three later collections, Darwin - A Life in Poems and The Mara Crossing (now updated to We Are All From Somewhere Else 2020), include prose; Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth(2014), with its resonant last line, 'Making is our defence against the dark,' has been called a meditation on conflict and history: especially of the Abrahamic religions. Tidings - A Christmas Journey addressed homelessness in her local London borough. Emerald (2018), a memoir and meditation on the poet's mother at her death, explored the alchemy of mourning and the renewing value of green. Her poetry biography of Beethoven, Beethoven Variations, was praised by the New York Times critic for taking him 'deeper into Beethoven than many biographies I’ve read, and her portrayal of Beethoven early on 'drifting into states that prefigured how deafness would increasingly isolate him.'

Migration
Padel's collaboration with Syrian artist Issam Kourbaj, on Syrian refugees arriving on the Greek island of Lesbos, was performed on the first day of the Venice Biennale 2019. Tidings - A Christmas Journey (2016) dedicated to the Focus Homeless Outreach Team in Camden, North London, is described as an eloquent unsentimental narrative poem exploring homelessness and the meanings of Christmas today."The rough, apparently unmanageable contrast between child and tramp, hope and despair, gives the book its integrity. Padel's 2014 collection Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth collects poems going back twelve years reflecting keen interest in the Middle East, from her prize-winning poem on Pieter Bruegel's "The Triumph of Death", the 2002 Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, to the title poem "Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth", which she has stated came from hearing Le Trio Joubran. She has held dialogues with Palestinian poet Mourid Barghouti, and written an Introduction to the posthumous poems of Mahmoud Darwish. Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth is said to have a 'magnificent central section on the Crucifixion,' and be steeped in the Middle East, Judaism, Christianity and Islam: "Padel is a poetic Daniel Barenboim, determined to arrive at some approximation of Middle Eastern harmony." Her innovative poems-and-prose volume The Mara Crossing (2012) revivified the prosimetrum, a medieval mix of poetry and prose, It addresses animal and human migration. and is described as a sweeping, experimental volume. Migrants, cellular, animal or human, migrate to survive; human migration is inextricable from trade, invasion, colonization and empire. "Home is where you start from, but where is a swallow's real home? And what does "native" mean if the English Oak is an immigrant from Spain?" Pne of her poems was used by the "Making It Home" project of the Refugee Survival Trust in Glasgow, which used poetry-based film-making to build bridges between groups of women of refugees and local women in Edinburgh.

Darwin and Science
Engaged in relating poetry and science,    Padel has written on cell migration for The Scientist, was a judge for the 2012 Wellcome Trust Science Book Prize and the 2005 Aventis Science Prize for the Royal Society has written poems on genetics and zoology, and her book on migration is said to connect micro-level cell migration with macro-level social migration. An interest in combining poetry, science and religion is reflected in poems on genetics, debates on poetry and prayer with Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury  lectures at the Royal College of Surgeons and a residency at the Environment Institute, University College London. Her poems on Charles Darwin (2009) employ Darwin's writings, letters and journals in an unusual form of biography, addressing his life, family and science. They were received as innovative work by scientists and by the literary community as a "new species" of biography in verse, whose emotional centre is the Darwins' marriage, shaken by divergent religious belief and the death of a daughter. The book's staging by the Mephisto Stage Company, Ireland, was described as intensifying the musicality of the verse and dramatic interplay between the scientific and the spiritual that permeates this collection. Since Padel is a Darwin descendant, the book was also a family memoir. Her preface illuminates the role of Padel’s grandmother, Nora Barlow, who in editing Darwin's Autobiography restored a passage in which Darwin said he did not see how anyone could wish the doctrine of hell to be true; this had been deleted by the first editor, Darwin's son Francis, at his mother's request. Padel's poems connected Darwin's loss of his mother as a child with his passion for collecting; and linked his early scientific writing with his taxidermy teacher in Edinburgh John Edmonstone, a freed slave from Guiana.

Music
Since 2013, Padel has written and performed sequences of poems on composers in conjunction with the Endellion String Quartet: first on Josef Haydn's Seven Last Words, which formed the central crucifixion section in her 2014 collection Learning to make an Oud in Nazareth; subsequently on Beethoven's late quartets and Schubert's Death and the Maiden. She was first Writer in Residence at the Royal Opera House Covent Garden  and is said to be a lifelong choral singer; she has presented Radio 3's programme "The Choir", has broadcast a series of BBC Radio 3 opera interval talks and has stated that if she could choose any other career it would be that of opera director. She has written on women's voices in opera and on a sixteenth-century madrigal for the London Review of Books,  and in a Radio 3 essay series, Writers as Musicians, she spoke about playing viola, an instrument whose "inner voice" illustrates her Newcastle Poetry Lectures Silent Letters of the Alphabet. For BBC Radio 4 she has written and presented features on writers, scientists and composers including Hans Christian Andersen, Edward Elgar, Charles Darwin and W.S. Gilbert. On Desert Island Discs, her choices included Beethoven String Quartet Opus 132, Verdi's Requiem, "Down by the Salley Gardens" sung by Kathleen Ferrier, "I’m Ready for You" sung by Muddy Waters, a Cretan folksong and "The Boys from Piraeus", from the film Never on Sunday. Her luxury was a herd of deer. In 2020 she followed her 2009 poetry biography of Darwin with one of Beethoven, drawing on her musical childhood to create a poetry and prose mini-bio that 'tells the great composer’s life story more profoundly than most biographies.' 'A biography in verse of the great composer and a passionate highly personal account of how one creative genius can feed, and feed on, another.' 'An approach to Beethoven by way of precisely figured emotion. Two lives drawn beneath the lens, the composer's and her own, interacting in ways that can be bold and, finally, breathtaking. On the Eroica, she is spectacular. The composer is "fire-dust, gold-flight /winching upwards into pure light" as he drives "forward into a new-world dawn /thrilling with dissonance, calling up wild-steel angels"'(Times Literary Supplement) During the pandemic she recorded four podcasts on Beethoven's life, illustrated by her poems, and music played by pianist Karl Lutchmayer, the Endellion Quartet, soprano Nina Kanter and the South Asian Symphony Orchestra, for the Bangalore International Centre.

Journeying
Padel's 1996 to 2004 collections, Fusewire, Rembrandt Would Have Loved You, Voodoo Shop and The Soho Leopard, mixed passionate love lyric with wide adventuring across the globe, but also challenged the supremacy of the male gaze at women. Rembrandt Would Have Loved You offered the female gaze: "The poems tangle with the shadowy undergrowth of political correctness, feminism and sex." Emerald, 2018, a meditation on the consoling nature of green, written after the death of Padel's mother, "guides us around the world in intense flights of geological and geographical fancy anchored to the bedrock of real emotion"; "a wild and generous imagination, a writer at the peak of her powers, a rich excavation of the truths and mysteries found in grief", and also explores the relation between loss, love and creativity.

Greek Scholarship, Greek mythology - and Rock Music
Padel's non-fiction began with Princeton University Press studies of ancient Greek drama and the mind. In and Out of the Mind: Greek Images of the Tragic Self explores the way Greek ideas of inwardness shaped European notions of the self. She used anthropology and psychoanalysis to support her thesis that male Greek culture spoke of the mind as mainly "female" and receptive rather than "male" and active. Whom Gods Destroy: Elements of Madness in Greek and Other Tragedy investigates madness in tragedy from the Greeks to Shakespeare and the moderns, parsing different views of madness in different societies. She presented the tragic hero as embodiment of the human mind, 'which lives catastrophe, suffers damage and endures.'

Her 2000 study I'm A Man: Sex, Gods and Rock 'n' Roll argued that rock music began as a "wishing well of masculinity", which drew on mythic connections between male sexuality, aggression, anxiety, misogyny and violence which derived from Ancient Greece. Padel has stated that she intended this to focus on women's voices but then felt she ought first to pick apart the maleness of rock music. The book had a mixed reception from male reviewers. Women reviewers described it as original, beautifully expressed, vivid, amusing and convincing; Rock writers Charles Shaar Murray and Casper Llewellyn Smith described it as "provocative and fascinating" and her analysis of rock's misogyny "dazzling".

Nature, Environment, Wildlife, Conservation
Padel is known for her poetry and prose on conservation, especially of tigers. While serving as Trustee for the Zoological Society of London, she inaugurated an influential programme of ZSL Writers' Talks on Endangered Species to highlight the Zoological Society of London's conservation work. and is an Ambassador for New Networks for Nature, an alliance of practitioners in different fields, artistic and scientific, who celebrate Britain's nature and wildlife. Her account of wild tiger conservation, drawing on her scientific background and Darwinian descent, was valued internationally for quality of nature writing, insights on conservation, travel writing on little-known parts of the world such as Sumatra, Bhutan and Ussuriland, her ear for dialogue. and portrait of both the tiger and the field-zoologist. More recently, she has recorded '24 Splashes of Denial' - poems on water and climate denial - for Writers Rebel, and 'Hormones, Divinity and Forest', her 2021 Memorial Lecture for Jane Harrison for Newnham College, Cambridge, united her early classical scholarship with contemporary environmental anxiety about the crisis in nature.

Criticism, Teaching
From 1998 to 2001 she pioneered The Sunday Poem, a weekly column in London's Independent on Sunday in readings of contemporary poems she collected in her popular books 52 Ways of Looking at a Poem and The Poem and the Journey. As Chair of the UK Poetry Society 2004-2007, she presided over the establishment of poetry 'Stanzas' across the UK. In 2010 she chaired Judges for the Forward Poetry Prize, in 2011 delivered the Housman Lecture at the Hay Festival on "The Name and Nature of Poetry," and inaugurated Radio 4's Poetry Workshop, a series of programmes on writing poetry in which she led workshops with poetry groups across the UK. Her books on reading poetry and the column from which they grew influenced a decade of writing about poetry in the UK, followed by her Newcastle University 'Bloodaxe' Lectures on poetry's use of silence, Silent Letters of the Alphabet. Her criticism is reported to employ close analysis, knowledge of Greek poetics, myth, metaphor, tone and rhyme; she is said to read with aural acuity, generosity and no polemic; her precision "does not obscure but builds the big picture", addressing the general reader but with "utmost attention to the page".

She has written introductions to the works of Palestinian poets Mahmoud Darwish, Mourid Barghouti and Ramsey Nasr, and British poets Walter Ralegh, Tennyson and Gerard Manley Hopkins. At the opening festival of the T S Eliot Festival at Little Gidding in 2006, 70 years after Eliot's visit there, Padel described the contrast between Eliot's memories of Little Gidding and his experience of The Blitz whilst writing the poem. "It reminded him there was still a place that had a sense of truth." She returned to this moment in her foreword to the posthumous volume of Mahmoud Darwish, comparing his sense of the poet's role in a time of violence to that of Seamus Heaney in Northern Ireland during the Troubles and of Eliot during the London blitz.

Awards and appointments

 * 1992 Wingate Scholarship
 * 1993 Angel Poetry Book Society Recommendation
 * 1994 Arts Council Writers' Award for poetry collection Fusewire
 * 1996 First Prize, UK National Poetry Competition
 * 1996 Judge for T. S. Eliot Poetry Prize
 * 1998 Rembrandt Would Have Loved You Poetry Book Society Choice, shortlisted for T. S. Eliot Prize
 * 1998 Appointed Fellow of The Royal Society of Literature
 * 1999 Judge for National Poetry Competition
 * 2000 Cholmondeley Award from Society of Authors
 * 2002 Poet in Residence for the Henry Wood Promenade Concerts in 2002.
 * 2002 Voodoo Shop Poetry Book Society Recommendation, short-listed for T. S. Eliot Prize and Whitbread Poetry Award
 * 2003 Research Award from Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation
 * 2004 The Soho Leopard Poetry Book Society Choice, short-listed for the T. S. Eliot Prize
 * 2005 Tigers in Red Weather shortlisted in USA for Kiriyama Prize and in UK for Dolman Best Travel Book Award
 * 2005 Judge for Royal Society Aventis Prize for Science Books
 * 2006 Arts Council of England Individual Writer’s Bursary
 * 2008 First Writer in Residence at Somerset House, London
 * 2008–9 Inaugurated Writers' Talks at the Courtauld Institute of Art.
 * 2009 Judge for National Poetry Competition
 * 2009 Leverhulme Artist in Residence Award at Christ's College, Cambridge
 * 2009 Opened Edinburgh International Book Festival reading from Darwin – A Life in Poems
 * 2009 Elected Professor of Poetry at Oxford University
 * 2009 British Council Darwin Now Award
 * 2009 Read, talked on Darwin at University of Havana, Poetry Society of America in Lillian Vernon House, New York, and New York Botanical Garden.
 * 2009 Darwin – A Life in Poems shortlisted for Costa Book Awards for poetry
 * 2010 Read on conservation, nature and environment in Mumbai, at Bombay Natural History Society and Prithvi Theatre.
 * 2010–2011 Writer in Residence at the Environment Institute, University College London
 * 2010 Chair of Judges for Forward Poetry Prize
 * 2010 Curated "Writing the Family" events for Edinburgh International Book Festival
 * 2010 Judge for Poetry for 2010 Costa Book Awards
 * 2011 Inaugurated 'Poetry Workshop' on BBC Radio 4
 * 2012 The Mara Crossing nominated for London Poetry Awards and shortlisted for Ted Hughes Prize
 * 2012 Judge for the 2012 Wellcome Trust Science Book Prize.
 * 2013 Appointed to teach Creative Writing, King's College London
 * 2014 First Writer in Residence, Royal Opera House, Covent Garden
 * 2014 Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth shortlisted for T. S. Eliot Prize
 * 2015 Performed at Jaipur Literary Festival
 * 2015 Read at International Literature Festival Berlin
 * 2016 Judge for International Man Booker Prize
 * 2016 Chair of Judges for T. S. Eliot Prize
 * 2016 Performed at Times of India Festival Mumbai
 * 2016 Performed Tidings – A Christmas Journey at Ely, in conversation with former Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams
 * 2016 Performed Tidings in the Round Church Holy Sepulchre, Cambridge, in the Cambridge Literary Festival
 * 2017 Performed at Jaipur Literature Festival
 * 2019 Inaugurated Jaipur Literary Festival with two poems, on Jaipur and on the world's first cell

Oxford Professor of Poetry
Padel was the first woman to be elected Oxford Professor of Poetry - in 2009, with 297 votes. (Predecessors James Fenton and Christopher Ricks were elected on 228 and 214 votes; online voting now allows wider participation.)   She was elected in a media storm, triggered by photocopied pages from a university publication describing sexual harassment charges against her rival Derek Walcott,who withdrew his candidacy. Padel denied connection with them, but commentators alleged her involvement and she resigned, saying she did not wish to do the job under suspicion. Public comment attributed treatment of Padel to misogyny, the gender war or 'toxicity of the media',   which "pursued allegations against Walcott's past but also criticised Padel for having mentioned them as a source of voters' disquiet, unfairly excavating Walcott's past while unfairly denigrating Padel, justly held in high regard for her poetry and teaching." "Oxford missed out for the worst of reasons on an inspirational teacher; Walcott removed the decision from the electorate by his own choice; Padel should not have been made to pay for his decision to confront neither his accusers nor his past." On Newsnight Review, poet Simon Armitage, elected to the Chair in 2016, expressed regret at her resignation. "Ruth's a good person. I don't think she should have resigned, she would have been good."

title: Ruth Padel


text:
Nobleton, Ontario

Nobleton (2021 population 6,507) is an unincorporated community in southwestern King, Ontario, Canada. It is the third-largest community in the township, after King City and Schomberg. Located south of the Oak Ridges Moraine, Nobleton is surrounded by hills and forests. Many horse farms are found on Nobleton's eastern periphery.

It is located between King City and Bolton along King Road, and directly north of Kleinburg along Highway 27. To the northwest is Hammertown.

Geography
Nobleton is at an elevation of approximately 300 m, just south of the regional peak of the Oak Ridges Moraine.

The Humber River flows in the southwestern part with a conservation area covering the southwest.

The Oak Ridges Moraine is to the north and is covered with pine forests with a few other types of trees and lakes to the north and the northeast. Nobleton Lakes is located nearly 2 to 3 km north and includes two lakes and a golf and Country Club. Forests are scattered throughout Nobleton's valleys to the east and into the southeastern portion. The farmlands lie to the west, south, east, and sporadically to the north.

History
Nobleton was first settled in 1812, primarily based on its location midway between King City and Bolton on the east–west route, and Kleinburg and Schomberg on the north–south route. Taverns and hotels were built to serve travellers, and general stores and a post office were built to serve the fledgling businesses. The board and batten blacksmith shop originally built in Nobleton in the 1850s was moved to Black Creek Pioneer Village.

The village takes its name from Joseph Noble, an early settler of the town, and local tavern keeper.

The slow urbanization of Nobleton began in the 1950s and the 1960s, with development of portions of the village's southwest. Housing developments began in the northern part of the village in the 1990s and 2000s, and accelerated in recent years after construction of a new wastewater system.

Demographics
As of the 2021 census, the top three ethnic groups in Nobleton are Italian (3,120; 47.6%), which is the most concentrated population in Canada, English (470; 7.2%), and Canadian (430; 6.6%).

Business
The town contains two main business plazas, one of which was completed in the summer of 2015, the other one finished in the winter of 2020 (January) The town also has many small businesses owned by locals.

King Brewery, which was founded in 2002, was based in Nobleton. King Brewery was purchased in 2015 by Thornbury Beverages Company (now Thornbury Village Craft Cider & Beer) and relocated to Thornbury, Ontario.

Politics
Nobleton is represented on King Township council by Ward 2 Councillor Dave Boyd.

Education and community centres

The town is served by both public and Catholic separate schools for elementary and junior-age children. In the public system, Nobleton Public School and high school students attend King Secondary in King City.

Nobleton also offers the community an accredited Montessori private school. The Montessori Country School has been a part of the town for over 25 years.

Pre-high school Catholic children attend St. Mary Catholic School and high school students attend Cardinal Carter in Aurora.

Dr. William Laceby Community Centre has a large regulation size ice rink.

Local services
Nobleton Fire Station 38 provides fire suppression for the area and part of King Township Fire Services. Policing is provided by York Regional Police. York Region EMS provides ambulance services.

title: Nobleton, Ontario


text:
LEGRI

The Low Energy Gamma-Ray Imager (LEGRI) was a payload for the first mission of the Spanish MINISAT platform, and active from 1997 to 2002. The objective of LEGRI was to demonstrate the viability of HgI2 detectors for space astronomy, providing imaging and spectroscopical capabilities in the 10-100 KeV range.

LEGRI was successfully launched on April 21, 1997, on a Pegasus XL rocket. The instrument was activated on May 19, 1997. It was active until February 2002.

The LEGRI system included the Detector Unit, Mask Unit, Power Supply, Digital Processing Unit, Star Sensor, and Ground Support Unit.

The LEGRI consortium included:
 * University of Valencia
 * University of Southampton
 * University of Birmingham
 * Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
 * Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas
 * Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (Ciemat)
 * INTA

title: LEGRI


text:
Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame

The Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame (CMHF) is a hall of fame run by the Canadian Motorsport Heritage Foundation as a not-for-profit charitable institution that "honours and recognizes the achievements of individuals and institutions that have made outstanding contributions to Canadian motorsport as drivers, owners, team members, motorsport builders, sponsors and significant contributors, as well as those who have distinguished themselves in the new Media category." It was established in 1992 by Gary Magwood and Lee Abrahamson, with assistance by Automobile Journalists Association of Canada founding president and motorsport reporter Len Coates, to celebrate the accomplishments and contributions of the various Canadian motorsports communities. The CMHF has moved location six times over the course of its history due to difficulties garnering sponsorship and community support creating financial trouble, and has been housed at The Canadian Motorsport Heritage Museum, in Toronto's Downsview Park since 2010.

Inductees are received by a panel of motorsport experts from the CMHF Nomination Committee. Normally, all inductees have to been retired from competition for at least three years or have been active in motorsports for about a quarter of a century. The long, public nomination process allows submissions to be sent to the nomination committee of the CMHF's legal administrators, the Canadian Automotive Collection (CAC), which passes the successful nominees to its independent, expert Selection Committee. A subsequent ballot determining the submissions list by an independent scoring process system for nomination evaluation by each Selection Committee member is presented to the CAC and the CMHF for ratification following the conclusion of the public nomination procedure. The board subsequently determines a cut-off score when it opts to identify all candidates in a given year and then the inductees' names are presented to them. Each successful inductee is contacted by the chair of the board before their names are publicly released. Before that, Abrahamson and Magwood wrote to associations and senior Canadian motorsports clubs asking for nominees, with an eight or ten-person experienced journalist standing committee choosing the inductees.

There are five main types of category of which inductees are placed into: Competitors, Motorsport Builders, Team Members, Significant Contributors and the Media. The CMHF established an additional international category in 2009 to recognize "significant contributions to motorsports in Canada" and "prominent international figures". Each inductee receives a personal plaque bearing the CMHF logo and one on the mezzanine inside the CMHF for listing purposes. Articles and photographs detailing the inductees' achievements are put on display in the hall of fame and there are various displays inside it. The inaugural induction gala dinner ceremony to honour inductees took place at the Four Seasons Hotel Yorkville, in Toronto, Ontario, August 19, 1993, and since 2019 has been held annually as part of the Canadian International AutoShow in Toronto after it was staged as a late-year unincorporated ceremony for most of its history. There was no induction in 2009 as a result of the economic constraints caused by the Great Recession in North America forcing the CMHF's board of directors opting to postpone the ceremony to the following year.

Since 1993, a total of 294 individuals from the world of motorsport have been inducted, with between five and fifteen auto racing figures added each year. The vast majority are men; there have been eight women who have been elected to the CMHF. Kay Petre became the first woman racing driver to be named an inductee in 1995, and the two most recent women to be added to the CMHF were Nathalie Richard and Anne Roy in 2020. The first inducted physician was Hugh E. Scully in 2000. Hydroplane drivers Robert Theoret and Jean Theoret are the only two brothers to have been inducted individually in 2006 and 2010 respectively. The 2018 class was the first to composed wholly of print and broadcast motorsport journalists. The CMHF contains nine organizations and on seven occasions there have been two or more inductees grouped for their combined work. Of the international inductees, they include Carroll Shelby (2009), Bobby Rahal (2010), Sid Watkins (2010), Michael Andretti (2011), Mario Andretti (2012), Nigel Mansell (2013), Jackie Stewart (2014), Multimatic Motorsports (2015), Legendary Motorcar (2016), Honda (2017) and McLaren (2019).

title: Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame


text:
378 Holmia

Holmia (minor planet designation: 378 Holmia) is a typical Main belt asteroid.

It was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 6 December 1893, in Nice. The name comes from the Holmia, the Latin name for Stockholm, Sweden.

title: 378 Holmia


text:
379 Huenna

Huenna (minor planet designation: 379 Huenna) is a large asteroid orbiting in the asteroid belt. It is part of the Themis family, and thus a C-type asteroid and consequently composed mainly of carbonaceous material.

It was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 8 January 1894 in Nice. It is the Latin name for the Swedish island of Ven, the site of two observatories. This island is where Tycho Brahe built his observatory.

Satellite
A satellite, 7 km across and designated S/2003 (379) 1, was discovered on 14 August 2003 by Jean-Luc Margot using the Keck II adaptive optics telescope at Mauna Kea. The moon orbits $5.8 km$ away in $92.33 km$ with an eccentricity of $98 km$. The system is loosely bound as Huenna has a Hill sphere with a radius of about 20,000 km.

title: 379 Huenna


text:
380 Fiducia

380 Fiducia (prov. designation: or ) is a dark and large asteroid, approximately 68 km in diameter, located in the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at the Nice Observatory on 8 January 1894. The carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 13.7 hours. It was named "Fiducia", the Latin word for confidence.

title: 380 Fiducia


text:
David Rasnick

David William Rasnick (born 1948) is an American biochemist known for his association with the AIDS denialist movement, which denies the fact that HIV is the cause of AIDS, and for his involvement with clinical trials in South Africa promoting vitamins for the treatment of AIDS, which were later ruled illegal by the South African judiciary.

Education and body of work
David Rasnick received a PhD in chemistry from Georgia Tech in 1978; his thesis was entitled "Affinity Labeling of Metalloendoproteases." Rasnick studied proteases in rats and has also written a book about the aneuploidy theory of cancer.

Rasnick was a prominent member of the AIDS-denialist movement, which claimed that HIV either did not exist, or did not cause AIDS. He claimed that HIV was a harmless "passenger virus" incapable of causing any disease. In association with Matthias Rath, Rasnick traveled to South Africa, a country with one of the highest incidences of HIV/AIDS in the world, where they discouraged HIV-infected individuals from using antiretroviral drugs and instead promoted the use of proprietary vitamin mixes which were claimed to fight AIDS. Rasnick also advocated a complete ban on HIV testing in South Africa, and denied that there was "any evidence" of an HIV epidemic in South Africa. In 2008, a South African court ruled that the trials conducted by Rath and Rasnick were illegal, and barred them from conducting clinical trials or advertising vitamin supplements in the country.

title: David Rasnick


text:
Nobleton

Nobleton may refer to:

Places

 * Canada
 * Nobleton, Ontario
 * Nobleton Airport, in Ontario
 * United States
 * Nobleton, Florida
 * Nobleton, Wisconsin

title: Nobleton


text:
Alldays, South Africa

Alldays is a small town in the Limpopo province of South Africa that serves a large area of private game and hunting farms. It has a population of 2,987.

The Venetia Diamond Mine is situated close to Alldays, located within the 360 square kilometre Venetia Limpopo Nature Reserve. It is one of De Beers’ six remaining diamond mines in South Africa and the only major diamond mine to be developed in the country during the past 25 years. Citrus farming on the banks of the Limpopo River is an important economic activity in the district.

The area of is known for its arid bushveld and Mopane bush. Several large game farms are located around Alldays, many of which are known as trophy hunting destinations. The hunting practices carried out at an Alldays game farm sparked significant public outcry in September 2015; however, the Limpopo environmental department found the farm to be compliant with South African hunting legislation. The town is served by the Alldays Airport.

The Blouberg ('blue mountain') mountain range is situated close to Alldays, and is a popular rock climbing destination.

title: Alldays, South Africa


text:
Talk:From a Basement on the Hill

What the finished album might have sounded like
I read somewhere, i can't remember where, that the album was going to start out normal then turn into distorted noises and sounds before trailing off. I wondered if anyone knew where i read this and weather it could be contributed to the article. 3,December,2006

"in a 2003 interview in the fanzine under the radar, smith described his concept: the cd would begin conventionally, with traditionally structured songs, but would start getting weird midway, until it ended in bouts of noise and distortion."

http://www.sweetadeline.net/nytimes71804.html

From Under the Radar

""The lyrics on this one are a lot less impressionistic; plus the production of it sounds unlike the last two records," he says while trying to light a cigarette with a broken lighter. "Most of this record was done in first or second takes. It’s a pretty big departure. The songs all sound pretty different from each other. Some were recorded on a 24-track with two-inch tape and some on other formats. The songs get weirder as they go along, and then, when you get near the end, you get to the really weird ones. They’re kind of more noisy with the pitch all distorted. Some are more acoustic, but there aren’t too many like that. Lately I’ve just been making up a lot of noise. And it could be a song if I sang over it, but it has no structure in and of itself.""

Two Drummers on "Coast to Coast"
Not sure of this, looks incorrect, however has been known before? Just listened - doesn't sound like two lots of drums! --Jabba27 17:27, 3 August 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Steven Drozd (of The Flaming Lips) - drums on "Coast to Coast"
 * 2) Aaron Sperske - drums on "Coast to Coast"
 * Yes, this is correct info and the liner notes for the album bear this out. Much of Drozd's work with the Flaming Lips is also double-tracked drum work, with layered snare drum.  Listen to it again and pay attention to the snare work.--Hraefen Talk 17:55, 3 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Ahh OK, thank you - will listen again! As a fan of all the Flaming Lips stuff, just don't seem to pay enough attention to it... --Jabba27 22:32, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

Double Album?
I think this may be slightly confusing, as the vinyl version is indeed a double album, but is only a single CD. Not entirely sure how to express that clearly! --born against 13:04, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

<^>v!!This album is connected!!v<^>

 * All song titles serve as redirects to this album, have their own pages, or have been placed at the appropriate disambiguation pages.--Hraefen Talk 21:48, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

From a Basement on the Hill II
What is From a Basement on the Hill II? How does it relate to this record? Danceswithzerglings (talk) 06:33, 22 November 2009 (UTC)
 * It doesn't. It's a completely unofficial release of various demo recordings, almost all of which have nothing to do with this album. A lot of them were released on New Moon, which means they're pre-Dreamworks. 74.178.248.191 (talk) 21:37, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
 * This should probably be mentioned somewhere in the article. Danceswithzerglings (talk) 05:45, 6 December 2009 (UTC)

Fond Farewell & King's Crossing
Fond Farewell & King's Crossing should be listed under "Songs About Suicide". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.134.85.77 (talk) 18:48, 28 December 2012 (UTC)

Updating The Page
Hello, we are a group which is working on improving this article, From a Basement on the Hill. Here are the three pieces that we are going to work on. First off, we believe that the lead in this article is lacking overall. The summary is far from accurate for what the article is supposed to be about, there is plenty of information in this summary that isn’t even mentioned in the article itself. More importantly, the lead isn’t appealing. A lead is meant to grab a reader’s attention, and help them understand what is going to be said in an article. This lead just doesn’t do that. The second piece of criteria that we would like to address is the comprehensiveness of the article. There is very little detail about the background of the album production, or even Elliott Smith. We're going to add a background section to the page to help with the comprehensiveness. The final piece of criteria that we believe should be addressed is the current structure of the article. Right now, there is very little structure to this article. We propose that the article should be changed into a more linear structure so that the reader isn’t forced to jump from section to section searching for information that is ultimately in the wrong place, and should have been at the beginning of the article. The changes that will be made to this article will be from Cmur1502, wagner2476, and RaeSpecs. If these changes interest you, please feel free to give us feedback, it would be much appreciated! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cmur1502 (talk • contribs) 17:41, 1 April 2014 (UTC)

Background -- Error -- New Source
That opening line in the background is not correct. Elliott did not die just a few months into recording Basement. Check out the mention further down of "years of notes" about the recording. This source, an Icelandic newspaper doing a 10-year anniversary piece, might be a little too far from the initial event to cite without double-checking.

There's a lot of great info about the recording of "Basement" in this Magnet mag article -- http://www.magnetmagazine.com/2005/01/28/elliott-smith-all-things-must-pass/

Best David — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.1.84.52 (talk) 17:44, 28 April 2014 (UTC)

--- Thanks for the heads up, and for the article. Please continue to improve & revise! -Raespecs — Preceding unsigned comment added by Raespecs (talk • contribs) 14:52, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:From a Basement on the Hill


text:
User:ZeroOne/Sandbox

testing...

title: User:ZeroOne/Sandbox


text:
Free-to-view

Free-to-view (FTV) is a term used for audiovisual transmissions that are provided free without any form of continual subscription. It differs from free-to-air (FTA) in that the program is encrypted.

Free-to-view vs. free-to-air
The free-to-view system contrasts with free-to-air (FTA), in which signals are transmitted in the clear, without encryption, and can be received by anyone with a suitable receiving dish antenna and DVB-compliant receiver (although these services can include proprietary encrypted data services such as an EPG that is only available to reception equipment made for, or authorised by, the FTA broadcaster). Free-to-view services are broadcast encrypted and can only be viewed with reception equipment that includes a suitable conditional-access module and viewing card, in the same way as a pay-TV satellite service. However, the FTV service viewing card is not subject to a continuing subscription payment for viewing the service's channels and may be available for a regular fee, a one-off payment or even for free.

Services which charge a regular fee for reception can still be considered free-to-view, and not pay-TV if the fee is not for the programming content but for the delivery. For example, the HD+ service in Germany, which broadcasts HD versions of channels which are also available free-to-air in standard definition, defended its service fee saying it "is related to the reception of the offer and not to specific content, parts or packages of the offer".

Commercial restrictions and targeting
The free-to-view system allows for restricting access based on location of the viewer. For example, in the UK prior to the launch of Astra 2D, UK channels broadcasting from the Astra 28.2°E satellites used a wide beam and could be received across Europe on small dishes. Those channels which were non-subscription but aimed at the UK only, or restricted from broadcasting outside the UK by way of programme rights (such as Channel 5) or governance (such as the BBC channels), were broadcast encrypted using Videoguard (as used by Sky (UK) for its pay-TV services) with viewing cards made available to UK residents only.

The launch of Astra 2D with a broadcast beam narrowly aimed only at the UK and Ireland enabled UK channels to switch from broadcasting free-to-view to free-to-air, while maintaining their UK exclusivity. The decline of UK free-to-view in favour of narrow-beamed free-to-air has been gradual:

 * The BBC's eight digital channels were encrypted under the scheme from their launch on digital satellite until 14 July 2003, when they became free-to-air.
 * Shortly after this, ITV stated its intentions to go free-to-air eventually, and launched their newest channel, ITV3, in the clear on 1 November 2004.
 * This was followed up by ITV moving its Men & Motors channel to FTA in July 2005.
 * This gradual conversion was completed on 1 November 2005, with ITV1 and ITV2 going FTA. ITV's latest channel, ITV4, was launched at the same time, also as a free-to-air service. All the BBC and ITV channels at this time could be viewed FTA without any subscription or purchase from Sky.
 * However, in June 2008, some ITV regional channels were encrypted again due to one of their narrow beam transponder agreements ending.
 * In April, 2011, high definition Channel 4 HD moved from being a free-to-view channel to a free-to-air channel (when moving to a transponder on Eurobird).
 * 1 December 2011, 5USA, 5USA+1, 5* and 5*+1 became free-to-air after moving to Astra 1N.
 * 6 June 2012, Pick TV and Pick TV +1 became free-to-air.
 * During October 2012, the final free-to-view regions of ITV1, ITV1 +1 and ITV1 HD became free-to-air.
 * 25 March 2013, Viva went free-to-air.
 * 28 October 2013, Channel 5 HD switched from free-to-view became a subscription channel on the Sky digital satellite platform and is no longer a channel.
 * LFC TV switched from free-to-view to Sky subscription only.
 * 7 February 2017, 4Music became free-to-air, although it reverted to being free-to-view on 12 December 2018, but later became free-to-air again on 1 February 2022.

The remaining channel aimed exclusively at the UK that use the Astra satellites at 28.2°E with a Europe-wide beam and remain free-to-view and encrypted is regions STV HD (Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh), London Live and they can be viewed with a Sky Videoguard receiver and a Sky viewing card, either an inactive former Sky pay-TV card or one for the Freesat from Sky package, bought for a one-off fee.

Free-to-view networks

 * Freesat from Sky

A UK satellite service from Sky (UK) offering 240 free-to-air and free-to-view TV channels and the Sky EPG, with a one-off payment for a Sky receiver, dish, installation and viewing card.

A package of 21 high definition digital satellite TV channels for German-speaking viewers and a subsidiary company of satellite owner SES, with a monthly or annual fee for the viewing card.
 * HD+

Australian satellite television platform providing digital TV and radio services to remote and rural areas, and terrestrial black spots. VAST is partly funded by the Australian Government and requires a certified set-top box and viewing card.
 * Viewer Access Satellite Television

A package of mostly HD channels broadcast to residents of France who cannot receive the digital terrestrial TV channels. Can be received all over Europe on Eutelsat 5WA, historical position for French free TV. Viewing card does not expire.
 * Fransat

Italian package of 68 free-to-air and free-to-view satellite channels for viewers unable to receive them on national terrestrial TV networks. Requires a Nagravision receiver and viewing card.
 * Tivùsat

Same as Fransat, TNTSAT broadcasts the all-HD channels from French free digital terrestrial television. TNTSAT is issued by Canal + group on its main position, Astra 1. Viewing card has to be renewed every 4 years. TNTSAT compatible equipment is also compatible with CANALSAT pay TV.
 * TNTSAT

Russian satellite TV service partly operating within the free-to-view model.
 * Tricolor TV

title: Free-to-view


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Baby kissing

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was SPEEDY. jni 14:31, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Baby kissing
I had this tagged for speedy deletion, but the article creator removed the tag and added a VfD template. He's still busy playing around with the article, but it's simple vandalism (he's also been reverted elsewhere today). Rl 17:49, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Speedy Delete, In my opinion. Inter 18:31, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete. User is also abusing VfD tag by removing it from page, editing text into it's frame, and so on. I fixed but will probably be changed again by abuser. Hedley 19:36, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete. I put the speedy delete tag on an article of this title yesterday evening and I saw a bit later that it was deleted.    I then saw it rematerialize, and put the tag on it again.   If RI is saying that he also put the tag on it, that means either that the tag was removed or that someone created the article yet a third time.  --00:36, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Roman Candle (album)

<^>v!!This album is connected!!v<^>

 * All song titles serve as redirects to this album, have their own pages, or have been placed at the appropriate disambiguation pages.--Hraefen Talk 20:53, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Heatmiser
when this album was made elliott smith was still a member of Heatmiser although in the article it says outherwise i also thing that it should say more of the results from this album such as elliott smith ending up leaving Heatmiser

fixed but still it could make better sense

number of sales
any one know?

Fair use rationale for Image:Elliottsmithromancandle.jpeg
Image:Elliottsmithromancandle.jpeg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 13:58, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roman Candle (album)


text:
Talk:North Berwick Law

Page title
I've just moved this from Berwick Law. This is a common misnomer - even the local council got it wrong and had to correct its street signs! The Ordnance Survey shows on its map that the Law bears the name of the town, and locally it's also known as North Berwick Law (or just 'The Law'). Cal T 17:49, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Added more information about the whale bone arch, the ruins and some more detail about the geology. Does anyone know why the arch was erected?

The correct name is actually Berwick Law; it is only in recent years that it has been called North Berwick Law. This was confirmed recently from historical documents, sometime after the council signs had been changed. Fionnlaoch (talk) 22:16, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

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title: Talk:North Berwick Law


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Amarsanaa

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 14:35, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Amarsanaa
Not suitable for Wikipedia: Not notable. One liner article identifying Amarsanaa as a student at Orchlon school. This school is in Mongolia and a previous edit contained a longer text in Mongolian (which I cannot translate) from which I deduce that Amarsanaa is a 17-year-old school student. --Theo (Talk) 17:50, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete - straight up student vanity. Possible CSD due to lack of definition/context. -- Cyrius|✎ 19:16, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Djbrianuk 20:41, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 22:25, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Elliott Smith (album)

<^>v!!This album is connected!!v<^>

 * All song titles serve as redirects to this album, have their own pages, or have been placed at the appropriate disambiguation pages.--Hraefen Talk 21:12, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Description of album cover
"The album cover, depicting cut-out figures falling from buildings as if they were committing suicide." To me they represent one figure jumping across (success) and one figure falling (failure). To say they represent suicide is too much in my opinion. I will edit the text to remove the reference to suicide. I will also add a source that explains that the art is actually a photo of a sculpture. I think too many commentators seek to find references to suicide in Smith's work, given the tragic and mysterious way in which he passed away.--14.8.68.2 (talk) 00:57, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

The Outtakes section
I've returned the outtakes section to this article, it was deleted by User:Jlpspinto, without citing any reason for doing so, or commenting on this talk page- it seems like it was just vandalism.

Does anyone have any objection to its return?

--7PusaAJ 14:22, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

Not citable but...
I just came across an uncommonly intelligent forum discussion of "The Biggest Lie". Nothing citable at the level of a reliable source, but quite a bit that may be suggestive if anyone plans to write about the song. Do people think this might merit an external link? - Jmabel | Talk 18:53, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

Background
Why does the background heading exist when it only has one sentence that seemingly has no relevance to the album. 2001:569:72CB:A400:BC09:9AE5:F31C:48A5 (talk) 04:37, 5 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Elliott Smith (album)