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Talk:American Institute for Free Labor Development

Activity in El Salvador
Following a thread from Haig v. Agee, the majority cites a NYT article ( on p. 280 footnote 7) as evidence that Philip Agee's disclosures led to violence: the 1981 murder of two unnamed "American officials" at the Institute in El Salvador.

The article goes further: it reports that the Solicitor General Wade McCree Jr identified these victims (Michael P. Hammer and Mark David Pearlman) as "under cover", before walking the claim back.

Given the stub class of the article, a whole section on this may be giving it undue weight, but it nonetheless seems noteworthy.

2600:1702:6D1:28B0:4456:B176:B12E:4B79 (talk) 23:03, 9 December 2021 (UTC)


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Edward M. Davis

Edward Michael Davis (November 15, 1916 – April 22, 2006) was the chief of the Los Angeles Police Department from 1969 to 1978, and later a California state senator from 1980 to 1992 and an unsuccessful Republican candidate for the United States Senate in 1986. Davis' name was familiar to a generation of Americans since it appeared on its own card for "technical advice" in the closing credits of the popular television programs Dragnet (1967–70) and Adam-12 (1968–75).

Family
Born in Los Angeles, California, to James Leonard Davis and Lillian Fox Davis, Davis graduated from John C. Fremont High School in Los Angeles. He joined the LAPD and married Virginia Osborne in 1940. During World War II he took a leave of absence from the police department in order to serve in the United States Navy.

Police career
When he became Chief of Police, Davis inherited a police department that was essentially the creation of Chief William H. Parker.

He instantly became well known internationally in 1969 when he held a press conference announcing the arrests of Charles Manson and his followers for what are known as the Tate–LaBianca murders. His role is well-documented in the book Helter Skelter, written by Vincent Bugliosi, the prosecutor in the case.

As the power and numbers of street gangs increased, the community of Los Angeles became the victim of increasing escalations of violence, intimidation, and other felonies. In response, Davis escalated police responses, authorizing the use of Terry stops, large raids on gang strongholds, created the infamous anti-gang unit C.R.A.S.H, and increasingly forceful and violent means of securing suspects such as chokeholds during arrests. Although the chokeholds were less violent than older methods of beating recalcitrant suspects, they were also more forceful and were often applied until the suspect passed out. By the time the policy was halted in May 1982 by the Police Commission, 15 people had died. In the case of City of Los Angeles v. Lyons, the Supreme Court blocked a lawsuit seeking an injunction to halt the practice permanently, because Adolph Lyons could not prove that there was a substantial and immediate likelihood that he personally would be choked again.

Davis increased resources toward monitoring and investigating political circles and simultaneously attempted to squash vice. In 1972, Hayden White, acting as sole plaintiff, brought suit against Davis, alleging the illegal expenditure of public funds in connection with covert intelligence gathering by police at the University of California, Los Angeles. The covert activities included police officers registering as students, taking notes of discussions occurring in classes, and making police reports on these discussions. In the resulting case, White v. Davis, the Supreme Court found for White in a unanimous decision and set the standard that determines the limits of legal police surveillance of political activity in California; police cannot engage in such surveillance in the absence of reasonable suspicion of a crime.

Under Davis, the LAPD and its vice squad were known for active policing against homosexuals. Zealous officers are purported to have dangled a youth over a cliff to try to make him reveal names of a pedophile ring. On April 10, 1976, over a hundred officers, with Davis present, raided a charitable "slave auction" event and bragged to reporters that they had freed the slaves. Dozens of men were detained on charges of violating an 1899 anti-slavery statute, but the expensive raid was criticized by the city council and no one was convicted. In 1975, Davis declined an invitation from Christopher Street West to attend Los Angeles' gay pride celebration, saying that he would prefer to support conversion therapy instead.

Davis was often known for some of his colorful language. For instance, in one of his most famous off-the-cuff news comments, Davis said, in 1972, concerning airline hijackers: "I recommend we have a portable gallows, and after we have the death penalty back in, we conduct a rapid trial for a hijacker before the Supreme Court out there, and hang him with due process out there at the airport."

Politics
Davis retired from law enforcement in 1978 to run for Governor of California but lost the Republican primary election to then state Attorney General Evelle Younger.

In 1980 he was elected to the California State Senate, defeatng assemblyman Bob Cline in the Republican primary. He would serve for 12 years (during the first two years of which Tom McClintock served as his chief of staff). Davis additionally lost a bid in the Republican primary for the United States Senate in 1986. In contrast to his earlier policy of investigating the homosexual movement, as a senator, he supported a statewide homosexual rights protection bill. He also became a vocal environmentalist in his later years.

In 1992, when he decided to retire from the California State Senate, he went out of his way to recruit former State Assemblywoman Marion W. La Follette to run for his seat. This despite the fact that the current assemblywoman, Cathie Wright, had already declared for the seat.

Later life
The last TV interview with Davis was taped in March 2002, where he recalled his years as LAPD chief and described the values and traits necessary to be a successful police chief. He also related his impressions of a young LAPD lieutenant named Bernard Parks who went on to become chief, and described how he implemented the community policing program during his administration.

Ed Davis died from pneumonia, on April 22, 2006, in San Luis Obispo, California. He was 89. At the time of his death, Davis was survived by his second wife, Bobbie Nash Davis; three children from his first marriage to Virginia Osborne, a son, Michael Edward Davis, a Los Angeles County deputy district attorney, and two daughters, Mary Ellen Burde and Christine Coey; four stepchildren; and 10 grandchildren.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Edward M. Davis


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Coley Wallace

Coley Wallace (April 5, 1927 – January 30, 2005) was an American actor and heavyweight boxer who once outpointed Rocky Marciano in a very close split decision three-round amateur fight.

Although Wallace, a Jacksonville, FL native, had a respectable record as a professional (20-7-0), his claim to fame came in 1948 when, as an amateur, he once defeated in a very close split decision future heavyweight champion Rocky Marciano in the finals of the New York Golden Gloves Tournament. The decision was not welcomed by crowd and many considered it drawn. Wallace fought Ezzard Charles in his professional career, among others.

Wallace's contract was "owned" under the table by the notorious Frank "Blinky" Palermo, a member of the Philadelphia crime family. Palermo was imprisoned in 1961 for conspiracy and extortion for the covert ownership of prizefighters.

After boxing career, Wallace acted in four movies, twice portraying the boxer Joe Louis.

Wallace died on January 30, 2005, of heart failure in New York City.

Filmography

 * The Joe Louis Story (1953) - Joe Louis
 * Carib Gold (1957) - Ryan
 * Marciano (1979 TV movie) - Joe Louis
 * Raging Bull (1980) - Joe Louis - Cerdan Fight
 * Rooftops (1989) - Lester (final film role)

title: Coley Wallace


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Talk:Shiso

Not English?
Because this is the English Wikipedia, i'm going to change this page. The Japanese word "shisho" should redirect to "beefsteak" or "perilla". The scientific name causes me to prefer perilla. Its japanese name can be included there.--Ray
 * I don't know if the person above is really Ray as he did not date stamp sign it, and used a different IP Address for the Talk page vs. when he made the actual move, but when he suggest that "shiso" isn't an English word, he is wrong (or at least obsolete). It has been used hundreds of times over the years when you search the NY Times archives. It is also listed in the "Oxford English Dictionary".
 * Also user:WormRunner who expanded this article under "shiso" several times (latest 06:10, 4 July 2004) before "Ray" moved the page, comments in Perilla (revision 20:15, 19 May 2005) "that Shiso has become one of the commonest names"..
 * I have now expanded and correct the various Perilla related articles to clarify that the Japanese shiso should not be equated with the perilla leaf used in Korean cooking because the aroma and have very different chemical constitutents. So they need to be made into separate articles, because otherwise, you would have to qualify almost every claim you make about its taste, use, chemistry, health benefits, or hazards by specifying whether you are referring to the one variety or the other.
 * I am also importing the WikiProject Japan tag here, and assigning importance level as high, because this item is pretty basic to Japanese cuisine. --Kiyoweap (talk) 23:26, 1 April 2012 (UTC)

Pretentious phrasing
Is it really appropriate to call a change of perception of the normal colour of Shiso a "paradigm shift"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.144.42.182 (talk) 14:52, 8 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Not really. Maikel (talk) 12:51, 16 January 2015 (UTC)

Taste
What does Shiso taste like? Thanks, Maikel (talk) 12:52, 16 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified 2 external links on Shiso. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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Ohba
My Japanese grocery labels the green-leaved product here in the UK as Ohba, and if you Google Ohba leaves, you are redirected to this page where the word Ohba does not appear. Yes, if you look under the Japanese names for the culinary product, you see "Ōba (大葉)". But since this is an English language page, I would expect to see the English language spelling "Ohba" to be referenced at least once! ADT (talk) 12:37, 8 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shiso


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John Norris (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Norris (1670 or 1671 – 13 June 1749) was a Royal Navy officer and Whig politician. After serving as a junior officer during the Nine Years' War and the Williamite War in Ireland, he was given command of a squadron sent to North America to protect British settlements on the banks of Hudson Bay in 1697. Although he developed a plan to recapture some territories in Newfoundland and Labrador taken by French forces the previous winter, he was prevented from implementing that plan when the local council overruled him.

Norris served under Admiral Sir George Rooke at the Battle of Cádiz at an early stage of the War of the Spanish Succession. He went on to command the vanguard at the Battle of Malaga in August 1704 and then served under Admiral the Earl of Peterborough at the capture of Barcelona in October 1705.

As a flag officer, Norris was sent with a fleet to the Baltic Sea to support a coalition of naval forces from Russia, Denmark and Hanover taking in the Great Northern War. Tsar Peter took personal command of the coalition fleet and appointed Norris as his deputy in 1716: together they protected British and other allied merchant vessels from attack by warships of the Swedish Empire. In November 1718, following the death of Charles XII of Sweden, Britain switched sides and Norris returned to the region to protect British merchant shipping from attack by Russian raiders. Norris also acted as a commissioner in the negotiations leading to the Treaty of Nystad which ended the War in September 1721.

Norris went on to be commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet at the outset of the War of Jenkins' Ear in 1739. In 1744 he was asked to defend Britain from an imminent French Invasion: he was preparing for battle against the French fleet, when storms intervened scattering the invasion transports, with heavy loss of life, thereby ending the immediate threat of invasion.

Early career
Born of uncertain Irish parentage, Norris joined the Royal Navy as a captain's servant in 1680. Promoted to lieutenant in August 1689, he joined the third-rate HMS Edgar commanded by Cloudesley Shovell during the Nine Years' War. He transferred to the third-rate HMS Monck early in 1690 and served off the Coast of Ireland during the Williamite War in Ireland. Promoted to commander on 8 July 1690, he was given command of the fire ship HMS Pelican and took part in the Battle of Beachy Head in July 1690 in another action of the Nine Years' War. He transferred to the command of the fire ship HMS Spy in December 1691 and saw action again at the Battles of Barfleur and La Hogue in May 1692.

Promoted to captain on 13 January 1693, Norris was given command of the fifth-rate HMS Sheerness and fought at the Battle of Lagos in June 1693. He transferred to the command of the third-rate HMS Royal Oak, then to the command of the third-rate HMS Sussex and then to the command of the second-rate HMS Russell and was deployed to the Mediterranean early in 1694. He transferred to the command of the fourth-rate HMS Carlisle and then to the command of the third-rate HMS Content in Spring 1695.

Norris was given command of a squadron sent to North America to protect British settlements on the banks of Hudson Bay in 1697. Although he developed a plan to recapture some territories in Newfoundland and Labrador taken by French forces the previous winter, he was prevented from implementing that plan when the local council overruled him and he received some criticism when he returned to England for his inaction. However he was defended by the Earl of Orford from potential dismissal, his successful career continued and he was given command of the fourth-rate HMS Winchester later in 1697. Investigations were restarted into his conduct in Newfoundland in early 1699 he was suspended from the navy in April 1699.

Norris was given command of the third-rate HMS Orford early in 1702 and served under Admiral Sir George Rooke at the Battle of Cádiz in August 1702 at an early stage of the War of the Spanish Succession. He went on to command the vanguard at the Battle of Malaga in August 1704. He was given command of the first-rate HMS Britannia, flagship of Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell, in 1703 and then served under Admiral the Earl of Peterborough at the capture of Barcelona in October 1705. Following his return to England he was knighted on 5 November 1705.

Senior command
Promoted to rear admiral on 10 March 1707, Norris became second-in-command of the Mediterranean Fleet, with his flag in the third rate HMS Torbay. After taking part in the British defeat at the Battle of Toulon in July 1707 and, while sailing aboard his flagship HMS Torbay, Norris was present during the great naval disaster off the Isles of Scilly in October 1707 when Shovell and four of his ships were lost, claiming the lives of nearly 2,000 sailors. Promoted to vice admiral on 26 January 1708, Norris transferred his flag to the third-rate HMS Ranelagh. At the 1708 British general election, Norris was returned as Member of Parliament for Rye. He was a supporter of the Whig Junto, but while on active service, made little contribution in Parliament. While still serving as second-in-command of the Mediterranean Fleet, he took personal charge a squadron deployed to the Baltic Sea to prevent Swedish grain arriving in France in 1709. Promoted to full admiral on 21 December 1709, he became Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet early in 1710.

Norris was returned again as MP for Rye at the 1710 British general election. The new Tory Administration relieved him of the Mediterranean command in October 1711 which allowed him to devote more time to Parliamentary business. He followed the progress of the war and took an interest in naval matters. He voted with the Whigs for the motion ‘No Peace Without Spain’ on 7 December 1711 and against the French commerce bill on 18 June 1713. At the 1713 British general election, he was returned again as Whig MP for Rye, and voted against the expulsion of Richard Steele on 18 March 1714.

Norris was returned again for Rye at the 1715 British general election. With the new Whig Administration, he returned to active service. He was sent with a fleet to the Baltic Sea to support a coalition of naval forces from Russia, Denmark and Hanover taking in the Great Northern War. Tsar Peter took personal command of the coalition fleet and appointed Norris as his deputy in 1716: together they protected British and other allied merchant vessels from attack by warships of the Swedish Empire. Norris joined the Board of Admiralty led by the Earl of Berkeley in March 1718. In November 1718, following the death of Charles XII of Sweden, Britain switched sides and Norris returned to the region to protect British merchant shipping from attack by Russian raiders. Norris also acted as a commissioner in the negotiations leading to the Treaty of Nystad which ended the War in September 1721. At the 1722 British general election, he was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Portsmouth. and was advanced to Senior Naval Lord on the Admiralty Board in June 1727 but stood down as a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty when the Walpole–Townshend Ministry fell in May 1730.

Norris lost his post as Lord on the Admiralty in 1730, and lost his command to Sir Charles Wager in 1731. In Parliament he joined the opposition and voted against the Government on the army in 1732 and on the Excise Bill in 1733. At the beginning of 1734, the government came to terms and he was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 20 February 1734 and, with his flag in HMS Britannia, he became commander-in-chief of a fleet sent to the Iberian Peninsula to protect Portugal from Spanish attack. He was returned as Member of Parliament for Rye again at the 1734 British general election. and was appointed Vice-Admiral of Great Britain in April 1739 and went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet at the outset of the War of Jenkins' Ear in Autumn 1739.

In 1744 Norris was asked to defend Britain from an imminent French Invasion and in 1745 made Captain of Deal Castle. He was preparing for battle against the French fleet, when storms intervened scattering the invasion transports, with heavy loss of life, thereby ending the immediate threat of invasion. Norris retired from the navy later in the year.

Norris died at his country home, Hemsted Park in Kent, on 13 June 1749 and was buried at St George's Church in Benenden. His tomb was sculpted by Peter Scheemakers.

Family
In May 1699 Norris married Elizabeth Aylmer, daughter of Admiral Matthew Aylmer; they had five children (including Vice Admiral Henry Norris and Captain Richard Norris). His granddaughter was the art collector and amateur artist John Norris Hewett.

title: John Norris (Royal Navy officer)


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User:Haunti

I am a longtime (if occasional, these days!) Wikipedian from Canada.

As of 2020, I am employed as a software developer at Precision Nutrition. (I am not paid to edit articles related to PN.)

title: User:Haunti


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Talk:Reid ministry

I'm not sure whether it's correct to talk of a ministry running from date1 to date2, but I couldn't think of a better choice. Can anyone either correct or reassure me? Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:53, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I don't know why User:Adam Carr reverted my edit, as he offered no explanation or comment. As it stood, the article was extremely obscure to anyone not actually looking for it, or following a link from more explanatory page; it needed a summary that explained what it was about. Indeed, Googling “Reid ministry” produces a first page dominated by articles on a U.S. evangelist. If I've made any errors (and I couldn't work out what to do with the floating link to the Free Trade Party), then please let me know, or correct them, but don't simply revert the whole page. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 10:16, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The article is part of a series listing all Australian ministries since Federation. I agree it doesn't mean much to people who have not come to it via a link from the Australian Commonwealth ministries 1901-2004 article, but I can't imagine any other way people would come across it anyway. There's really no reason why it should be expanded, since it will only be of interest to specialists, who will know what it means. In any case, if you are going to change one of the series, you will have to change all of them, which will be a big job, and to no good purpose. Adam 10:54, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Reid ministry


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Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque

The Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque, also known as the King Fahd bin Abdulaziz al-Saud Mosque or the Mosque of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, is a mosque located at Europa Point in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar, a peninsula connected to southern Spain. The mosque faces south towards the Strait of Gibraltar and Morocco several kilometres away.

Construction
The building was a gift from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia and took two years to build at a cost of around £5 million. It was officially inaugurated on 8 August 1997.

It is the southernmost mosque in continental Europe, and is one of the largest mosques in a non-Muslim country.

Description
The Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque, also known as the King Fahad Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Mosque, is one of the most often-visited places in Gibraltar. Its first floor comprises six classrooms, a conference hall, a library, a kitchen, bathroom, housing for the caretaker, morgue, offices for administration purposes, and the Imam's house. The main prayer hall is located on the second floor of the building. The ceiling is made up of nine solid brass chandeliers, that cannot be missed when entering the praying area. One of the chandelier is hung from the enormous dome that is at an extreme height. The walls are imported marble stretching across the whole mosque. A women's prayer hall is located on the lower level, along with a nursery, that overlooks the main prayer hall. The Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque is used on a daily basis by Muslims living in Gibraltar and is open to the public during the day.

Complex
The mosque complex also contains a school, library, and lecture hall. It is the only purpose-built mosque in Gibraltar to serve the Muslims in the territory who number over 1,000: around 4% of Gibraltar's total population.

title: Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque


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Yarrow Shipbuilders

Yarrow Shipbuilders Limited (YSL), often styled as simply Yarrows, was a major shipbuilding firm based in the Scotstoun district of Glasgow on the River Clyde. It is now part of BAE Systems Surface Ships, owned by BAE Systems, which has also operated the nearby Govan shipyard (formerly Fairfields) since 1999.

Origins in London
The company was founded by Alfred Yarrow, later Sir Alfred Yarrow, 1st Baronet, in the year 1865 as Yarrow & Company, Limited. Originally it was based at Folly Wall, Poplar, then in 1898 as the company grew, Yarrow moved his shipyard to London Yard, Cubitt Town. Hundreds of steam launches, lake and river vessels, and eventually the Royal Navy's first destroyers, the Havock-class destroyer, were built at Yarrow's London shipyards between 1869 and 1908. Yarrow was also a builder of boilers, and a type of water-tube boiler developed and patented by the company was known as the "Yarrow boiler", first used in a torpedo boat in 1887 and later used for a number of applications, from the propulsion plant of RMS Queen Mary to the LNER Class W1 locomotive. The diversification into boiler manufacturing, including large boilers for electricity generation, meant that the company survived the lean years for shipbuilding. Alfred Yarrow was an inventive naval engineer, and was responsible for a number of novel introductions into service which led to the development of increasingly fast warships. Ultimately in the Royal Navy and abroad it became known that a "Yarrow ship was a fast ship", with the company building the first naval vessel globally to exceed 30 knots and then, later, 40 knots. Sir Alfred Yarrow was knighted for services to the war effort in 1916. He was a notable benefactor to many charities.

Move to Glasgow
Despite a move of yards, Yarrows outgrew its London site and this and the cost of land and labour in London led to a second move to what was at that time a greenfield site at Scotstoun in the west of Glasgow, beginning in 1906. Between 4,000 and 5,000 tons of material had to be transported, from models to heavy machine tools. A train-load of from forty to fifty wagons left the works at Poplar every day. The first vessel launched from the new works at Scotstoun on 14 July 1908 was the lead ship of the Pará-class destroyers for the Brazilian Navy. Sir Harold Yarrow, eldest son of Sir Alfred, supervised the move to Scotland whilst still in his early twenties, and ran the company in Scotland. The company also established the Coventry Ordnance Works joint venture in 1905, building a large factory near to its Scotstoun Shipyard in 1910. During the First World War, the company developed the pioneering Erskine artificial limb with Sir William Macewen and Sir Harold Yarrow was one of the founders of the Erskine Hospital for disabled ex-servicemen. Yarrow workshops were used to manufacture artificial limbs at no profit.

The Yarrow company was one of the world's leading builders of destroyers and frigates from early on, building ships for both the Royal Navy and numerous export customers. For many years until the 1960s Yarrow also built a large number of merchant ships, specialising particularly on Riverboat vessels for the rivers and lakes of Burma, India, Africa and South America.

Several of these vessels were built to serve on lakes that had no navigable access to deliver them by sea. They were therefore built as "knock downs"; that is, they were assembled temporarily in the shipyard, disassembled into a large number of sections and transported to the lake, and there assembled permanently and launched. Yarrow's Scotstoun yard built the "knock down" ferry MV Ilala for Nyasaland in 1949. She was completed and launched on Lake Nyasa (now Lake Malawi) in 1951. The yard built three "knock down" ferries for Lake Victoria in East Africa. RMS Victoria was built in Scotstoun in 1960 and reassembled at the Kenyan port of Kisumu on the lake in 1961. The train ferries MV Umoja and MV Uhuru were built in Scotstoun in 1965 and reassembled at Kisumu in 1965 and 1966.

In total Yarrow built approximately 400 ships on the Clyde – these can be traced in detail in the Clyde-built Ship Database.

The yard continued to expand during the post-war period, acquiring and integrating the shipyard of the neighbouring Blythswood Shipbuilding Company, which had itself been founded in 1919, to the east of the Yarrow yard in 1964. The new acquisition was used by Yarrow to extend their Shipyard, with the construction of three covered building berths and a six-storey Technical Office Block undertaken in the former Blythswood shipyard site during the late 1960s, with the aid of a government grant. Other neighbouring yards was acquired to lengthen the waterfront and provide additional facilities,  the price of one being negotiated by Sir Eric Yarrow on the golf course with Sir John Hunter. Eric Yarrow had followed his father on his death as chairman in 1962, becoming the third generation of the family to lead the firm.

During this period, Yarrow was involved in designing and building many of the Royal Navy's post-war escort fleet; including the Type 81 Tribal class, Type 14 Blackwood class and the Type 12M Rothesay-class frigates. The company was also involved in the Leander class programme. During the 1960s ships were built for the navies of South Africa, Chile,  Malaysia, Thailand, New Zealand and Iran.

Upper Clyde Shipbuilders and aftermath
In 1968 the Company became part of Upper Clyde Shipbuilders which collapsed in 1971. Yarrows had already left the UCS joint venture by April 1970 however, as the only profitable division of the joint venture. In 1974 it acquired the neighbouring Elderslie Dockyard, owned by Barclay Curle, which lay to the west of the Yarrow yard and included an extensive complex of three drydocks originally built in 1904 (No. 1 Dry Dock), 1933 (No. 2 Dry Dock) and 1965 (No. 3 Dry Dock). During this period Yarrow was involved in the Type 12I Leander-class frigate programme as well as the Condell-class frigate for the Chilean Navy and the design of the Nilgiri-class frigate for the Indian Navy.

The long-term investment in facilities and strong manufacturing credentials, combined with the development of the Yarrow-Admiralty Research Department (Y-ARD) from 1946 ensured that when the number of warship yards was dramatically reduced by the Navy in the 1970s, Yarrows was chosen as one of mainstream contractors alongside Swan Hunter, Vosper (for the Type 21s) and Cammell Laird. The Yarrow Admiralty Research Department (YARD) relocated to the new Charing Cross Tower in central Glasgow in 1976. The Type 21 frigate was the first type in the Navy to be a combined Gas Turbine and Diesel design, using the marine variant of the Rolls-Royce Olympus gas turbine (also used in Concorde). 5 out of 8 Type 21s,  10 out of 14 Type 22s,  12 out of 16 Type 23s and all the Type 45s were built at Scotstoun, demonstrating the firm's dominance in the market for medium-sized RN surface vessels. The sleek, good looks and the sporting performance of the Type 21 frigates led to the captains of the ships being called "boy racers". The vessel could stop from full speed in twice the length of the ship. HMS Ardent was destroyed by Argentinian aircraft in Falkland Sound in May 1982. All of the Yarrow built Type 21s served in the Falklands

Nationalisation
In 1977 the Labour government of James Callaghan passed the Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977 which nationalised Yarrow (Shipbuilders), Limited, and grouped it with other major British shipyards as a division within British Shipbuilders. Nationalisation was opposed by the owners, and by the minority Conservative party. The last ship launched under private ownership was HMS Battleaxe (F89), a Type 22 launched by Audrey Callaghan, wife of the Prime Minister. Investment continued in the yard, with the construction of a large GRP fabrication hall at the western end of the yard, adjacent to the Elderslie dry docks during the late 1970s. Dry dock No.1 was also covered over. This was in preparation for the Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel project, although only two vessels of the class were eventually built at Yarrow. The long-disused hall was subsequently demolished in 2008. The parent company, Yarrow plc, retained ownership of non-shipbuilding assets, including YARD Ltd. Yarrow plc was subsequently sold to CAP Group in 1986, which in turn became Sema Group plc in 1988, which then put its YARD subsidiary into the BAeSEMA joint venture with British Aerospace in 1991.

Privatisation
The succeeding government of Margaret Thatcher began a privatisation programme and the profitable Yarrow was one of British Shipbuilders' early divestitures. It was sold in 1985 to GEC's GEC-Marconi division, becoming Marconi Marine (YSL). GEC began a programme of major capital investment, culminating in the construction of a large Module Hall, north of the covered building berths, in 1987. The principal work undertaken during this period was on the Type 22 Broadsword class and Type 23 Duke class frigates for the Royal Navy and the Lekiu-class frigate for the Royal Malaysian Navy as well as the Type 45 Destroyers for the Royal Navy. In 1999 Marconi Electronic Systems was sold to British Aerospace, creating BAE Systems. Marconi Marine (YSL) then became part of BAE Systems Marine. Since 2009, YSL is part of BAE Systems Surface Ships, a BAE Systems subsidiary.

Clyde-class RNLI lifeboats

 * Charles H Barrett (70-001)
 * Grace Paterson Ritchie (70-002)

Royal Malaysian Navy

 * KD Hang Tuah (F76) ex-Black Star, ex-HMS Mermaid
 * KD Rahmat (F24)
 * Lekiu-class frigates
 * KD Jebat (F29)
 * KD Lekiu (F30)

Yarrows Ltd. (Canada)
Yarrows Ltd. was a major ship yard located in Esquimalt, British Columbia on the south coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. Established in 1893 as the Esquimalt Marine Railway Co., later B.C. Marine Railway Co., by W. Fitzherbert Bullen, it ran small marine railways in Victoria and Vancouver. Sir Alfred Yarrow purchased the yard in 1913, renamed it Yarrows Ltd., and installed his son, Norman Yarrow, as manager. From its early start building ships for the Canadian Pacific Railway, the yard expanded during the First World War to repair and refit many vessels for the Royal Navy, employing up to 800 men. In the late 1920s, the larger Esquimalt graving dock was completed. During the Second World War the company produced corvettes, frigates, landing ships, and transport ferries for the Royal Navy and Royal Canadian Navy, as well as freighters. Other work included arming civilian ships and refitting at least one as a troop carrier. At its peak, 3,500 men and women worked for Yarrows in the yard. After the war, the Yarrow family sold the yard to Burrard Dry Dock, with the deal completed on April 15, 1946. The yard was closed in 1994 and the graving dock and property are now part of the Canadian Forces Base Esquimalt.

title: Yarrow Shipbuilders


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Talk:Scoring the Hales

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~cornwall/ball/alnw.htm Is my webpage and I am transfering all info across to Wikipedia

My home page is http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~cornwall/ my info on edieval footbal games is http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~cornwall/ball/shroveball.htm

These pages are mine the have been on the web for several years.

Phil Ellery

Potential Sources
Telegraph article. --LukeSurlt c 11:13, 16 February 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scoring the Hales


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Talk:Infosys Foundation

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This page seems to be lifted from: http://www.infosys.com/infosys_foundation/about.html

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Please update information on Infosys Foundation by going to Infosys > Initiatives > Infosys Foundation. GSwarnkar 20:22, 15 July 2013 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gswarnkar (talk • contribs)

Proposed merge of Sudha Murty into Infosys Foundation
extensive duplication  DGG ( talk ) 05:00, 9 November 2021 (UTC)

 * Hello @DGG - Have took sometime to review both these articles about Sudha Murty and Infosys Foundation - They do not look like they have much of content duplication at all - so I recommend that we remove the template request to remove the merge request Karthik Sripal (talk) 18:16, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Oppose. I don't see the duplication. If anything, the foundation could be merged into her article as she appears to be to primary force behind it. pburka (talk) 20:00, 15 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Infosys Foundation


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User:DaeX

&

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User:DanielVonEhren

Je resous de m'informer du pourquoi et de transformer ma volupté en connaissance.

 * — Charles Baudelaire

title: User:DanielVonEhren


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Cha-cha-cha (dance)

The cha-cha-cha (also called cha-cha), is a dance of Cuban origin. It is danced to the music of the same name introduced by the Cuban composer and violinist Enrique Jorrin in the early 1950s. This rhythm was developed from the danzón-mambo. The name of the dance is an onomatopoeia derived from the shuffling sound of the dancers' feet when they dance two consecutive quick steps that characterize the dance.

In the early 1950s, Enrique Jorrín worked as a violinist and composer with the charanga group Orquesta América. The group performed at dance halls in Havana where they played danzón, danzonete, and danzon-mambo for dance-oriented crowds. Jorrín noticed that many of the dancers at these gigs had difficulty with the syncopated rhythms of the danzón-mambo. To make his music more appealing to dancers, Jorrín began composing songs where the melody was marked strongly on the first downbeat and the rhythm was less syncopated. When Orquesta América performed these new compositions at the Silver Star Club in Havana, it was noticed that the dancers had improvised a triple step in their footwork producing the sound "cha-cha-cha". Thus, the new style came to be known as "cha-cha-chá" and became associated with a dance where dancers perform a triple step.

The basic footwork pattern of cha-cha-cha (one, two, three, cha-cha-one, two, three) is also found in several Afro-Cuban dances from the Santería religion. For example, one of the steps used in the dance practiced by the Orisha Ogun religious features an identical pattern of footwork. These Afro-Cuban dances predate the development of cha-cha-cha and were known by many Cubans in the 1950s, especially those of African origin. Thus, the footwork of the cha-cha-cha was likely inspired by these Afro-Cuban dances.

In 1953, Orquesta América released two of Jorrin's compositions, "La Engañadora" and "Silver Star", on the Cuban record label Panart. These were the first cha-cha-cha compositions ever recorded. They immediately became hits in Havana, and other Cuban charanga orchestras quickly imitated this new style. Soon, there was a cha-cha-cha craze in Havana's dance halls, popularizing both the music and the associated dance. This craze soon spread to Mexico City, and by 1955, the music and dance of the cha-cha-cha had become popular in Latin America, the United States, and Western Europe, following in the footsteps of the mambo, which had been a worldwide craze a few years earlier.

Description
Cha-cha-cha is danced to authentic Cuban music, although in ballroom competitions it is often danced to Latin pop or Latin rock. The music for the international ballroom cha-cha-cha is energetic and with a steady beat. The music may involve complex polyrhythms.

Styles of cha-cha-cha dance may differ in the place of the chasse in the rhythmical structure. The original Cuban and the ballroom cha-cha-cha count is "one, two, three, cha-cha", or "one, two, three, four-and." An incorrect "street version" comes about because many social dancers count "one, two, cha-cha-cha" and thus shift the timing of the dance by a full beat of music. Note that the dance known as Salsa is the result of a similar timing shift of Mambo.

Pattern
In the International School of Ballroom Dance, the basic pattern involves the lead taking a checked forward step with the left foot, retaining some weight on the right foot. The knee of the right leg must stay bent and close to the back of the left knee, the left leg having straightened just prior to receiving part weight. This step is taken on the second beat of the bar. Full weight is returned to the right leg on the second step (beat three).

The fourth beat is split in two so the count of the next three steps is 4-and-1. These three steps constitute the cha-cha chasse. A step to the side is taken with the left foot, the right foot is half closed towards the left foot (typically leaving both feet under the hips or perhaps closed together), and finally there is a last step to the left with the left foot. The length of the steps in the chasse depends very much on the effect the dancer is attempting to make.

The partner takes a step back on the right foot, the knee being straightened as full weight is taken. The other leg is allowed to remain straight. It is possible it will shoot slightly but no deliberate flexing of the free leg is attempted. This is quite different from technique associated with salsa, for instance. On the next beat (beat three) weight is returned to the left leg. Then a chasse is danced RLR.

Each partner is now in a position to dance the bar their partner just danced. Hence the fundamental construction of cha-cha-cha extends over two bars.

The checked first step is a later development in the "international cha-cha-cha" style. Because of the action used during the forward step (the one taking only part weight) the basic pattern turns left, whereas in earlier times cha-cha-cha was danced without rotation of the alignment. Hip actions are allowed to occur at the end of every step. For steps taking a single beat the first half of the beat constitutes the foot movement and the second half is taken up by the hip movement. The hip sway eliminates any increase in height as the feet are brought towards each other. In general, steps in all directions should be taken first with the ball of the foot in contact with the floor, and then with the heel lowering when the weight is fully transferred; however, some steps require that the heel remain lifted from the floor. When weight is released from a foot, the heel should release from the floor first, allowing the toe to maintain contact with the floor.

In the American School of Ballroom Dance, the basic step spans two musical measures (frequently counted "one, two, three, four-and, five, six, seven, eight-and" with "five" marking the beginning of the second measure. The leader steps sideways to the left on count 1, back onto the right foot on count 2, forward with the left foot on count 3, then a cha-cha consisting of a step sideways to the right on count 4 followed by a step in place on the left foot on "and" between count four and count 5 to permit another step sideways to the right on count 5 (or count 1 of the second measure), a step forward with the left foot on count 6, a step backward with the right foot on count 7, and a cha-cha to the left on the "eight-and" to set up another step sideways to the left to begin the next repetition of the pattern.

Hip movement
In traditional American Rhythm style, Latin hip movement is achieved through the alternate bending and straightening action of the knees, though in modern competitive dancing, the technique is virtually identical to the "international Latin" style.

In the international Latin style, the weighted leg is almost always straight. The free leg will bend, allowing the hips to naturally settle into the direction of the weighted leg. As a step is taken, a free leg will straighten the instant before it receives weight. It should then remain straight until it is completely free of weight again.

International Latin style cha-cha-cha
Cha-cha-cha is one of the five dances of the "Latin American" program of international ballroom competitions.

As described above, the basis of the modern dance was laid down in the 1950s by Pierre and Lavelle and developed in the 1960s by Walter Laird and other top competitors of the time. The basic steps taught to learners today are based on these accounts.

In general, steps are kept compact and the dance is danced generally without any rise and fall; this is the modern ballroom technique of cha-cha-cha (and other Latin dances).

title: Cha-cha-cha (dance)


text: User talk:206.176.81.104

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General Atomics

General Atomics (GA) is an American energy and defense corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, that specializes in research and technology development. This includes physics research in support of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion energy. The company also provides research and manufacturing services for remotely operated surveillance aircraft, including the Predator drones, airborne sensors, and advanced electric, electronic, wireless, and laser technologies.

History

General Atomics was founded on July 18, 1955, in San Diego, California, by Frederic de Hoffmann with assistance from notable physicists Edward Teller and Freeman Dyson. The company was originally part of the General Atomic division of General Dynamics "for harnessing the power of nuclear technologies".

GA's first offices were in the General Dynamics facility on Hancock Street in San Diego. GA also used a schoolhouse on San Diego's Barnard Street as its temporary headquarters, which it would later "adopt" as part of its Education Outreach program. In 1956, San Diego voters approved the transfer of land to GA for permanent facilities in Torrey Pines, and the John Jay Hopkins Laboratory for Pure and Applied Science was formally dedicated there on June 25, 1959. The Torrey Pines facility serves as the company's headquarters today.

General Atomics's initial projects were the TRIGA nuclear research reactor, which was designed to be safe, and Project Orion. GA helped develop and run the San Diego Supercomputer Center.

In 1967, the company was sold to Gulf Oil and renamed "Gulf General Atomic". It was renamed "General Atomic Company" when Royal Dutch Shell Group's Scallop Nuclear Inc. became a 50–50 partner in 1973. When Gulf bought out its partner, it was renamed again to "GA Technologies Incorporated" in 1982. It was taken over by Chevron following its merger with Gulf Oil in 1984. In 1986, it was sold to a company owned by Neal Blue and Linden Blue.

In 1979, Harold Agnew was appointed President and CEO of the company.

In 1987, former US Navy Rear Admiral Thomas J. Cassidy Jr. joined the corporation. In 1993, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) was created with Neal Blue as Chairman-CEO and Thomas J. Cassidy as president. In 1994, GA-ASI spun off as an affiliate. On March 15, 2010, Rear Adm. Thomas J. Cassidy stepped down as President of GA-ASI's Aircraft Systems Group, staying on as non-executive chairman of the company's management committee. Frank Pace, the executive vice president of Aircraft Systems Group, succeeded Cassidy as President of GA-ASI.

General Atomics is also developing a Generation IV reactor design, the Gas Turbine Modular Helium Reactor (GT-MHR). In 2010, General Atomics presented a new version of the GT-MHR, the Energy Multiplier Module (EM2), which uses fast neutrons and is a Gas-cooled fast reactor.

General Atomics, including its affiliate, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, is San Diego County's largest defense contractor, according to a September 2013 report by the San Diego Military Affairs Council. The top five contractors, ranked by defense-generated revenue in fiscal year 2013, were General Atomics, followed by Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics-NASSCO, BAE Systems, and SAIC. A separate October 2013 report by the San Diego Business Journal ranked contractors by the number of local employees. The top three contractors were General Atomics, Northrop Grumman, and General Dynamics-NASSCO.

In September 2020, a $7.4 billion contract for MQ-9 Reaper drones was announced between the U.S. Air Force and General Atomics. The contract calls for the delivery of up to 36 aircraft per year.

Leadership
General Atomics is led by chairman and CEO Neal Blue and his brother, Linden Blue.

Linden P. Blue is the chief executive officer of General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI), the division responsible for manufacturing and selling the Reaper UAV. Dave R. Alexander is the President of GA-ASI. Scott Forney is the President of General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems (GA-EMS).

Business groups

 * Electromagnetic Systems Group
 * The Electromagnetic Systems (EMS) Group is a supplier of electromagnetic systems and related power equipment for a variety of defense, energy, and commercial transportation applications. EMS is a major factor in applying electromagnetic technologies to aircraft launch and recovery (EMALS and AAG System), projectile launch (Navy railgun), and magnetic levitation transportation systems.
 * Nuclear Technology & Materials (NTM)
 * Advanced fission reactor technology
 * Nuclear fuels and medical isotopes
 * Nuclear Materials Science & Engineering
 * Energy Group
 * Magnetic Fusion Energy
 * DIII-D National Fusion Facility
 * ITER Central Solenoid
 * Fusion Plasma Theory and Computation
 * Inertial confinement fusion technology

Affiliated companies

 * General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) – GA-ASI's Aircraft Systems Group produces the Predator series of remotely piloted aircraft used in the Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan conflicts. GA-ASI's Reconnaissance Systems Group provides tactical reconnaissance radars, as well as high-resolution surveillance systems for both manned and unmanned aircraft.
 * General Atomics Electronic Systems, Inc. (GA-ESI) – consists of five product lines involving different aspects of energy.
 * Terminal Automation Products (TAP) provides automated distribution, inventory control and transaction processing systems to bulk product storage facilities that handle petroleum, chemical and agricultural products.
 * Radiation Monitoring Systems (RMS) designs, manufactures, and supports a full range of radiation monitoring, detecting, control, data collection, and display equipment, with equipment and systems at over half of the currently operating nuclear plants in the United States and at numerous sites in Europe and throughout the Far East.
 * General Atomics Energy Products manufactures Maxwell high voltage capacitors after acquiring the product line from Maxwell Technologies in 2000.
 * The Gulftronic Separator System is a continuous operation, electrostatic, on-stream separation system currently in use by most major oil companies. Since their introduction in 1979, over 30 systems have been installed at petroleum refineries worldwide.
 * TRIGA (Training, Research, Isotopes and General Atomics), with over 65 facilities in 22 countries, is a supplier of nuclear research reactors for university, industrial, government, and medical applications. Originally designed to meet requirements for operator training, educational programs including nuclear research, and fuel development, TRIGA's design has allowed its usage to be expanded to meet the requirements of application in medical and agricultural research, isotope production, and neutron radiography.
 * General Atomics Systems Integration, LLC (GA-SI) – provider of military and commercial engineering services. GA-SI is active in aircraft systems integration technologies, reliability improvements, and controls system design. GA-SI provides engineering services for new-development and aging-system services to military and commercial customers. The company also provides Test and Evaluation assessment as well as field services.
 * Commonwealth Computer Research, Inc., a data analytics and software engineering company, founded in 1989 and located in Charlottesville, VA. It provides custom software development and innovative information engineering solutions to customers in government and private industry. CCRi designs and implements scalable big data solutions to rapidly create activity-based intelligence and information dominance for multi-domain operations.
 * ConverDyn – provides uranium hexafluoride (UF6) conversion and related services to utilities operating nuclear power plants in North America, Europe, and Asia. The company coordinates and manages all aspects of the conversion process, including uranium deliveries, uranium sampling, materials storage, and product delivery.  Jointly owned by Honeywell Inc.
 * Cotter Corporation – headquartered in Denver, Colorado. Through its various mining and milling operations, Cotter has produced uranium, vanadium, molybdenum, silver, lead, zinc, copper, selenium, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, and limestone. Originally incorporated in 1956 in New Mexico as a uranium production company, Cotter was purchased by and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Commonwealth Edison in 1975. GA acquired Cotter in early 2000.
 * Heathgate Resources Pty. Ltd. – Formed in 1990, Heathgate Resources is the owner and operator of the Beverley Uranium Mine in northern South Australia. Beverley is Australia's third uranium mine and Australia's only operating In Situ Leach mine.
 * Nuclear Fuels Corporation – NFC was formed in 1991, by General Atomics (GA) to market uranium produced from GA mining assets as well as to develop additional uranium projects. NFC is a long-term contract supplier to both US and foreign utilities and actively participates in uranium trading. NFC is the marketing representative for other GA affiliates, Heathgate Resources and Cotter Corporation. The company also has an agreement to purchase all uranium recovered by Wismut GmbH from reclamation of the Königstein mine in eastern Germany.
 * Rio Grande Resources Corporation – controls uranium operations and mineral resources acquired by GA from Chevron Resources in 1991. Included in this acquisition were mines in south Texas and New Mexico. In New Mexico, the Mt. Taylor project, a conventional underground mine that contains the largest uranium resource in the United States, is currently on standby.
 * TRIGA International (with CERCA, a subsidiary of Areva)
 * Spezialtechnik Dresden GmbH – STD partners with General Atomics to market the Predator drone in Germany.

On 30 September 2020, General Atomics bought the Dornier 228 production line in Oberpfaffenhofen, along with the business aviation and helicopter MRO operations of RUAG, pending regulatory approval.

Educational outreach
Since 1992, the General Atomics Science Education Outreach Program, a volunteer effort of GA employees and San Diego science teachers, has worked with Science Coordinators for the San Diego Schools to bring the business and research sides of science into classrooms.

In 1995, the program was expanded, and the General Atomics Sciences Education Foundation [ 501(c)(3)] was established. Four areas of "core competency" at General Atomics were initially selected to form the basis for the development of its education modules and associated workshops. Scientist and teacher teams wrote these modules.

Awards

 * 2013 Neal Blue, CEO of General Atomics, receives the 29th Annual International von Karman Wings Award
 * 2008 North American Frost & Sullivan Award for Company of the Year
 * 2008 Defense News Top 100, Ranked #57
 * Frost & Sullivan 2006 Business Development Strategy Leadership Award, presented for Gains in the Unmanned Aerial Systems Market
 * Shephard Press' Unmanned Vehicles 2005 UAV Design Innovation Award, presented for Warrior Extended Range/Multi-Purpose UAV.
 * Aviation Week 2005 Employer of Choice Finalist, Diversity, Valuing People, Technological Challenge – Third Best US Aerospace/Defense Employer
 * USAF Association 2004 John R. Alison Award for the most outstanding contributions to national defense by an industrial leader, presented to President/CEO, Thomas J. Cassidy Jr.
 * AUVSI's 2002 Pioneer Award, presented to President/CEO Thomas J. Cassidy Jr.
 * USAF's 2001 Packard Award for Development & Engineering, presented for Predator/Hellfire Integration
 * 1993 Information Services portion of the NSF contract for InterNIC and Internet Scout Report.

Government influence
Since 2005, the Center for Responsible Politics reported General Atomics had spent over $1.5 million per year in lobbying efforts from 2005 to 2011.

In April 2002, the company paid for Letitia White, who was then a top aide to Representative Jerry Lewis, and her husband to travel to Italy. White left Lewis' office nine months later, to become a lobbyist at Copeland Lowery. The next day, she began representing General Atomics. Lewis, her former boss, was at the time chairman of the House Defense Appropriations subcommittee.

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Omar Khayam (drug dealer)

Omar Khayam (born Bedford, 1983) is a British Muslim and convicted drug dealer who achieved a considerable degree of notoriety following a February 2006 protest in London against the Muhammad cartoons; at the protest, he dressed like a suicide bomber.

Early life
Khayam was brought up in the Bedford area of Bedfordshire of Pakistani descent. His parents belongs from Punjab, Pakistan. The area has a "growing" drugs and gangs problem and when Khayam was 16 he was charged with throwing 2oz bag of crack cocaine from a car window to try to avoid detection from the pursuing police. He got eight years in 2002 for possession of a class A drug with intent to supply and a fine for having a small amount of heroin, but his sentence was cut to five-and-a-half years on appeal. He was released on parole in 2005, having served half of his sentence.

According to a report in the Daily Mirror, he had been a significant local drug dealer in Bedford, known on the street as Skinner. The report stated that he became increasingly radicalised in prison, mixing with extremist Islamists, and promising to sell drugs to aid their cause.

Protest
In 2006 the Danish Muhammad cartoons were republished in many newspapers across Europe. Of them, Khayam said "I found the pictures deeply offensive as a Muslim and I felt the Danish newspaper had been provocative and controversial, deeply offensive and insensitive."

In response, at a protest over their publication, Khayam dressed in the style of a suicide bomber. When newspapers traced his whereabouts, he initially refused to apologise, saying his protest was justifiable. However, he later appeared publicly alongside his local Labour MP of the time Patrick Hall to apologise, declaring his actions "wrong, unjustified and insensitive", adding "by me dressing the way I did, I did just that, exactly the same as the Danish newspaper, if not worse. My method of protest has offended many people, especially the families of the victims of the July bombings. This was not my intention." Hall said "He acted on impulse - couple of friends, they got on the train and got to London, and I believe this was an impulsive, foolish reaction to what he saw was the offence of the publication of those cartoons."

Arrest
On 7 February 2006, following heavy publicity, he was arrested by Bedfordshire Police and returned to prison for unspecified parole violations. His arrest for parole violation was at the direct request of the Home Office in the wake of these news reports, although it is not known if it was directly related to his protest activity. Following his release, more controversy followed Omar Khayam after his appointment as a train cleaner for First Capital Connect in Cambridge, UK.

title: Omar Khayam (drug dealer)


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Franconian Saale

The Franconian Saale (Fränkische Saale) is a 140 km long river in Bavaria, Germany. It is a right-bank tributary of the Main, in Lower Franconia. It should not be confused with the larger Saxon Saale (Sächsische Saale), which is a tributary of the Elbe River.

The Franconian Saale flows through Bad Königshofen, Bad Neustadt, Bad Kissingen, Hammelburg and flows into the Main River in Gemünden am Main.

Headwaters
The Franconian Saale begins in the region of Grabfeld east and southeast of Bad Königshofen at the confluence of two headstreams:

 * The Saalbrunnen, its northern headstream, rises at the so-called "Source of the Franconian Saale" (Fränkische Saale Quelle), 1.7 km east of Alsleben (a district of Trappstadt) on the road to Gompertshausen below the 390 m Kapellenberg at a height of 313 metres above sea level (NN). The first enclosed wellspring was made of sandstone in the 1940s, it was redesigned in 1973, but its present appearance dates to 1985. Since 1987, it has had a bronze plaque by the artist, Erich Husemann, affixed to it, explaining the significance of the Franconian Saale.
 * The Salzloch, the southern headstream of the Franconian Saale, rises a few miles to the south near the mill of Heckenmühle at the "Source of the Saale" (Saale Quelle), which is found near Obereßfeld (part of the municipality of Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke). It is also known as the Saalegraben und Dagigbach and its confluence with the northern stream is near Bad Königshofen-Untereßfeld.

The names of the two headstream sources indicate that they both claim to be the source of the Franconian Saale itself. A possible third source is Brennhausen.

Course and mouth
From the confluence of its headwaters, south-east of Bad Königshofen, the Franconian Saale flows in a broadly southwesterly direction along the southeastern edge of the Rhön Mountains in central Germany. It passes through Bad Neustadt, Bad Bocklet, Bad Kissingen, Hammelburg and Gräfendorf to Gemünden, where it joins the River Main from the northeast.

Catchment area
The water catchment area of the Franconian Saale is 2,765 km2. Its kilometrage is measured from its confluence with the Main (0.00 km on the Saale, 211.0 km on the Main) to its more distant source at Alsleben (135.0 km).

Name
The Franconian Saale is mentioned for the first time in the year 777 under the names Salu and Sala in a register from the town of Fulda. These terms both have the general meaning of "flowing waters" and had already been documented by the Greek geographer, Strabo (ca. 63 ..–.. 23).

Ecology
The Franconian Saale has been altered by man for centuries in order to farm the Saale valley more intensively. The river was straightened by cutting across its meanders. The width of the river has also been standardized for long sections. Riparian forests were cleared and its banks reinforced, water mills and small hydropower stations and weirs were built and former flood zones were built on.

All this has seriously affected the ecological function of the river. Embankments and dams change its flow rate and consistency (Durchgängigkeit), destroying the unity of the river and meadow and encouraging devastating flooding. For several years the water authority in Schweinfurt has instigated projects to try, at least in part, to return the Franconian Saale to its former ecological role by removing bank reinforcements, circumnavigating weirs and regenerating riparian woodland.

Fauna
The Franconian Saale is a habitat for the European eel, Chub, Ide, Grayling, Brown trout, Stone Loach, Barbel Bitterling, Bream, Minnow, Perch, Gudgeon, Dace, Pike, Ruffe, Bullhead, Nase, Roach, Rudd, Burbot and Carp, as well as the occasional Signal crayfish.

Flooding
Towns and villages close to the Saale that are particularly affected by regular flooding are Bad Kissingen, Westheim, Diebach, Gräfendorf, Wolfsmünster and Gemünden, as the highwater marks on historic buildings show. Bad Kissingen rarely escapes several flooding each year. However, flood protection measures involving the construction of weirs and defensive barriers have been implemented in its historic town centre.

Gauging stations
Gauging stations are located in Bad Kissingen (the Prinzregentenbau Gauge) and Wolfsmünster (Saale Bridge Gauge). The measurements are published by the Schweinfurt Water Authority (Wasserwirtschaftsamt Schweinfurt).

Tributaries
After the confluence of the two headstreams the following tributaries flow into the Franconian Saale:
 * The Krummengraben near Bad Königshofen (from the right)
 * The Barget near Kleineibstadt (from the left)
 * The Milz near Saal an der Saale (from the right)
 * The Streu near Heustreu (from the right)
 * The Brend in Bad Neustadt (from the right)
 * The Lauer near Niederlauer (from the left)
 * der Kellersbach between Steinach and Roth an der Saale (from the right)
 * The Aschach near Aschach (from the right)
 * The Thulba near Hammelburg (from the right)
 * The Schondra in Gräfendorf (from the right)
 * The Sinn in Gemünden (from the right)

A comprehensive list including the smaller tributaries is in the List of tributaries of the Franconian Saale (German).

Municipalities on the Franconian Saale
The Franconian Saale flow through or past the following municipalities:
 * Aura an der Saale
 * Bad Bocklet
 * Bad Kissingen
 * Bad Königshofen
 * Bad Neustadt an der Saale
 * Elfershausen
 * Euerdorf
 * Gräfendorf
 * Gemünden am Main
 * Großeibstadt
 * Hammelburg
 * Hollstadt
 * Kleineibstadt
 * Niederlauer
 * Saal an der Saale
 * Trimberg
 * Wülfershausen an der Saale

Castles in the Saale valley

There are several picturesque castles in the Saale valley:
 * The Salzburg near Bad Neustadt
 * The ruins of Steineck Castle near Roth an der Saale
 * AschachCastle in Aschach
 * Ruins of Botenlauben Castle near Bad Kissingen
 * Eiringsburg near Bad Kissingen
 * The ruins of Aura Castle above Aura an der Saale
 * The Trimburg above Trimberg
 * The Red Castle in Hammelburg
 * Saaleck Castle above Hammelburg
 * ArnsteinCastle near Morlesau
 * KiliansteinCastle auf dem Sodenberg
 * Thüngensch Castle in Wolfsmünster
 * The Scherenburg in Gemünden

Bridges over the Saale

Important crossings include:
 * A 71 motorway bridge at km post 108.3 near Hollstadt
 * B 279 road bridge at km post 108.0 near Hollstadt
 * Schweinfurt – Schmalkalden main line railway bridge at km post 99.8
 * B 19 road bridge at km post 96.5 near Bad Neustadt
 * Bad Kissingen road bridge at km post 60.4
 * Two road bridges at km post 51.5 near Euerdorf
 * Road bridge at km post 48.0 in Aura linking Groß- and Klein-Aura
 * Saale Valley Railway bridge at km post 44.2 near Trimberg
 * Road bridge at km post 41.5 at the edge of Elfershausen
 * A 7 Kassel-Würzburg motorway bridge at km post 41.0
 * B 287 road bridge at km post 32.8 in Hammelburg-Fuchsstadt
 * Hammelburg ring road bridge at km post 29.8
 * Road bridge at km post 26.4 in Hammelburg
 * Road bridge at km post 20.0 in Morlesau
 * Roßmühle pontoon bridge at km post 17.1 near Weikersgrüben
 * Road bridge at km post 15.0 in Michelau
 * Road bridge at km post 9.8 near Schonderfeld
 * Historic road bridge at km post 7.9 in Wolfsmünster
 * Footbridge at km post 4.0 near Schönau Abbey
 * Two road bridges at km post 0.6 in Gemünden
 * Main-Spessart Railway (Würzburg-Frankfurt am Main) bridge at km post 0.1 in Gemünden

Weirs
There are numerous weirs on the Franconian Saale, originally built in order to drive water mills, but today some are used to generate electricity. All weirs are equipped with fish ladders:
 * Weir at km post 58.5 near Bad Kissingen
 * Weir at km post 50.5 Karwinkelsmühle
 * Two weirs at km post 48.0 near Aura
 * Weir at km post 43.8 near Trimberg
 * Saalemühle mill weir at km post 41.9 near Elfershausen
 * Weir at km post 38.5 near Langendorf
 * Weir at km post 37.7 near Westheim
 * Fuchsstätter Mühlen mill weir at km post 36.8
 * Hammelburg Herrenmühle mill weir at km post 29.1
 * Weir at the old power station for Altstadt Abbey (Hammelburg) at km post 28.1
 * Saaleck Castle weir at km post 27.6
 * Rödermühle mill weir km post 24.1
 * Weir at km post 22.5 Neumühle power station
 * at km post 17.0 Weir Roßmühle power station
 * Weir at km post 7.7 Wolfsmünster
 * Schönau Abbey weir at km post 4.0
 * Weir at km post 1.5 Gemünden (ruined)

Boating
In spite of the many weirs the Franconian Saale is popular with canoeists as a slowly flowing river route. The river may be canoed from Bad Neustadt to Gemünden with a few restrictions. Boats may have up to four seats, be no longer than 6.00 metres and no wider than 1.10 metres. Rafting and the coupling of boats is not permitted.

The Saale Valley Railway
The railway line from Bad Kissingen to Gemünden via Hammelburg and Gräfendorf known as the Saale Valley Railway runs along the lower course of the Franconian Saale. Until 1997 the Grabfeld Railway ran along its upper reaches linking Bad Neustadt and Bad Königshofen.

title: Franconian Saale


text: User talk:207.190.68.6

title: User talk:207.190.68.6


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Reveille (dog)

Reveille is the official mascot of Texas A&M University. Students adopted the first Reveille, a mixed-breed dog, in 1931. The cadets raised $100 during World War II to make Reveille a general, as part of a fundraiser for the K-9 Corps. Reveille is the highest-ranking member of the Texas A&M Corps of Cadets.

Eight years after the first Reveille died, a graduate of the university donated a Shetland Sheepdog to be the second official Aggie mascot, Reveille II. The third Reveille was the first to be a purebred Rough Collie; all subsequent mascots have belonged to this breed. Reveille IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII died in 1989, 1999, 2003, 2013, and 2018, respectively. Reveille IX served from May 9, 2015, until her retirement on April 30, 2021. She now resides at the Stevenson Companion Animal Life-Care Center on campus. The current mascot, Reveille X, assumed her role as mascot on April 30, 2021, during the Corps of Cadets Final Review. All Reveilles to date have been female.

When they die, the Reveilles are buried in a special cemetery located outside the north end of Kyle Field. The bodies are laid facing the south end zone and the scoreboard. After the addition to Kyle Field was built at the north end, blocking the view of the scoreboard, a small scoreboard was placed outside the stadium, named the Reveille Scoreboard, so the tradition could live on.

Reveille I
Reveille I (died January 18, 1944) In January 1931, several members of the Fightin' Texas Aggie Band were returning from a party in nearby Navasota, Texas, when they unexpectedly hit a small black and white stray mutt. They brought the dog with them, and smuggled her into Legett Hall, fully intending to take her to the vet school the next day. The next morning, her presence was made apparent when "Reveille" was blown by a bugler and the dog began barking, hence Reveille became her name. Although it was against the rules to keep pets in the dorms, the cadets fell in love with the dog and kept her anyway.

During the opening of football season, Reveille was named official mascot when she led the band onto Kyle Field for a half-time performance. She would wear a jacket with A&M colors and pace the sidelines during games.

Due to the quantity of officers and soldiers Texas A&M contributed to the US Armed Forces in World War II, Reveille was given the honorary title of Cadet General by the U.S. Army. Since that time, Reveille has worn the rank of Cadet General (5 diamonds). Since 5 diamonds are not manufactured, cadets align Cadet Lieutenant Colonel and Cadet Colonel rank on her uniform.

Upon her death on January 18, 1944, she received a formal military funeral on the fifty-yard line in Kyle Field and then was buried at the north entrance facing the scoreboard so that she can always watch the Aggies play.

Reveille II
Reveille II (ca. 1952 – August 23, 1966) Reveille II was the second official Aggie mascot. Eight years after the first Reveille died, the student body attempted to raise money to purchase a new mascot. After they failed to raise enough, Arthur Weinert, a graduate of the Class of 1900, donated a Shetland Sheepdog to the students in 1952. Named Reveille II, the new unofficial mascot was cared for by the Fightin' Texas Aggie Band from 1952 to 1954. During the summer of 1954, a student found Reveille II wandering loose around campus. He and a classmate cared for her and then took her home with them for the rest of the summer. During the fall semester, she lived with one of the students, Sam Netterville, in his dorm room.

The university at the time refused to pay for the mascot's care. Netterville convinced the student senate to pass a resolution stating that Reveille's care would be provided by his unit, A Quartermaster Company. The unit asked fellow students to donate money towards her but took responsibility for her daily needs.

Netterville took Reveille with him everywhere, including classes, thus launching the tradition of the mascot being escorted at all times. "Miss Rev," as they called her, marched with the Aggie Band at football games, but had a habit of relieving herself on the football field. Students often placed bets as to which yard line she would choose.

Reveille II died in 1966 of kidney failure and arthritis.

Reveille III
Reveille III (died May 31, 1975) Reveille III was the first of the Texas A&M mascots to be a pure-bred Rough Collie. She served as mascot from 1966 through 1975.

Reveille IV
Reveille IV (died March 29, 1989) Reveille IV served as Texas A&M mascot from 1975–1984. Over 10,000 mourners attended her funeral on April 9. She was donated by veterinarian Tom Godwin of Deer Park, Texas, a member of the class of 1967.

Reveille V
Reveille V (August 29, 1984 – June 25, 1999) Reveille V was a descendant of a championship purebred Rough Collie. She was chosen to be mascot from a pool of 2000 puppies because of her lineage and her marking. In December 1984, Reveille V was brought to the Texas A&M campus, and her first official appearance as mascot came at a basketball game on January 11, 1985. During her tenure, she attended every Texas A&M football game with one exception. During the 1987 corps trip, TCU officials refused to allow the Aggie mascot into the TCU stadium citing a regulation disallowing live mascots at home games. She attended many home basketball, baseball and volleyball games. A mischievous dog, Reveille V often stole erasers from chalkboards during class.

In early November 1993, Reveille V underwent emergency surgery for gastric volvulus, which causes an animal's stomach to twist out of place. The surgery was successful, and she made a full recovery. Later that month she relinquished her spot as mascot to Reveille VI. For the next six years she lived with a local veterinarian and graduate of Texas A&M, Joe West. Reveille V was euthanized in June 1999 because she suffered from arthritis and a neurological disorder. Her funeral was delayed until September to enable students to attend. Over 3,000 students and alumni attended the funeral, which included "Taps", a prayer from a campus chaplain, and eulogies from her former handlers. Reveille V was initially buried at Cain Park on the Texas A&M campus, but her grave was relocated to the north end of Kyle Field once stadium renovations were finished.

Reveille VI
Reveille VI (September 3, 1993 – October 18, 2003) Reveille VI was a registered Rough Collie born in Woodward, Oklahoma, and took over as Texas A&M's mascot from Reveille V during halftime of the football game against the University of Louisville on November 13, 1993. Upon induction into the Aggie family, she quickly assumed the roles and duties of her predecessor and began attending university functions including football games.

Shortly after beginning her duties, Reveille was kidnapped by a group of University of Texas students led by Neil Andrew Sheffield. For almost a week, Texas A&M denied that the mascot had been stolen. After the school finally acknowledged her disappearance and released a statement that they were planning to press felony charges against whoever took her, Reveille was tied to a sign post near Lake Travis and an anonymous caller informed the police of her location. She was returned unharmed to Texas A&M and resumed her duties. Reveille VI became a movie star in the 1996 film Reveille, My Life as the Aggie Mascot. She was in attendance with the Aggie football team during their first Big 12 Championship in 1998, and celebrated alongside President George W. Bush at the inaugural ball in Washington, D.C., in 2001.

In 1996, she was diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy and later arthritis. Although for the next four years she was able to resist her ailments and continue with her duties as mascot, these health problems would eventually lead to her early retirement in May 2001.

She was retired on May 12, 2001, into the care of Charlie Hall, who served as the veterinarian for Reveilles IV, V and VI. She celebrated her 10th birthday on September 3, 2003, at a party hosted by Hall and his wife, Diana. Reveille VI was in declining health and was said to be taking nine different pills and two forms of liquid medications each day to help combat seizures and other problems.

Six weeks later, on October 18, 2003, Reveille VI was euthanized. The decision was made by Hall and other Texas A&M veterinarians because of her deteriorating health. Funeral services were held Sunday, November 2, 2003, at Kyle Field. Speakers at her funeral were former mascot corporals Mark Boynton, Class of 1997, and Jeff Bailey, Class of 2000. Following the funeral service, Reveille VI was buried among earlier Reveilles at the north entrance to Kyle Field.

Reveille VII
Reveille VII (October 9, 2000 – May 30, 2013) Reveille VII was a registered Rough Collie born in Argent Kennel, which is part of the Animal Hospital of Ft. Lauderdale. She was donated to Texas A&M by Cindi Bossart, VMD, her husband Jim Efron and breeder Nancy MacDonald. Reveille arrived on campus on February 16, 2001, and officially took over duties from Reveille VI at the Corps of Cadets Final Review on May 12, 2001.

At a pre-game performance at the Texas A&M-TCU game in December, Reveille's nervous, high-pitched barks could be heard above the band. It was decided by administrators and the Corps of Cadets that she be sent to obedience school. She worked closely with her professional trainer, Kay Stephens, and her newly appointed mascot corporal throughout the summer for her return for football season. Despite several stints in obedience school, Reveille's manners at times needed work. Though other incidents have been suspected, in 2007, it was reported that Reveille VII bit her handler after having her tail stepped on during a morning run. On February 13, 2008, her impending retirement at the end of the school year was announced at a news conference at the Corps Center. In the summer of 2008, she began her retirement at the age of 7 living with two other dogs under the care of Paul and Tina Gardner in Wellborn, Texas.

Texas A&M University president R. Bowen Loftin reported via Twitter that Reveille VII died on May 30, 2013, at home in Aggieland.

Reveille VIII
Reveille VIII (died June 25, 2018) assumed her duties as the official mascot of Texas A&M University in August 2008, just before the fall semester, following the retirement of her predecessor at the conclusion of the spring semester. She was introduced formally at the August 31, 2008, season-opening football game at Kyle Field.

A May 1, 2008, memo released by Dean L. Bresciani revealed some of the features of the new dog. She would be a mature female, meaning she would be at least a year and a half old. The special committee assigned to look for Reveille VIII looked for a mascot that would be medium to large size, healthy, have an upbeat personality, be at ease around crowds and like people, be able to be calm around loud noises, and be positively motivated, as well as not highly reactive. Perhaps most importantly, to prevent the behavioral problems seen in Reveille VII, “professional training protocols and oversight [are to] be established, implemented, and periodically evaluated, [and will include] a transition period to help Reveille successfully acclimate to and carry out her role as the mascot of Texas A&M University.”

On August 11, 2008, Texas A&M University announced the selection of Reveille VIII, a two-year-old female Rough Collie, formerly named Kelly. She was donated by the Rough Collie breeders Julie Hinrichsen and Russell Dyke, owners of Juell Collies in Topeka, Kansas. In compensation for the new mascot, Texas A&M Corps of Cadets donated $5000 in private donations to the Collie Club of America and the former owners donated $1000.

In September 2014, it was announced that Reveille VIII would retire at the end of spring semester and once a successor was found. She was then moved to Stevenson Companion Animal Life Care Center on the campus of Texas A&M.

Reveille VIII died June 25, 2018.

Reveille IX
Reveille IX (born November 22, 2013) was officially announced by Texas A&M University on Tuesday, March 10, 2015, and assumed her role on May 9, 2015. Reveille IX was donated by Overland Collies, based in Chagrin Falls, Ohio, a Cleveland suburb. The establishment's owners, Marcy and Mike Fine, are typically well represented among finalists at the annual Collie Nationals. Reveille IX maintained a Twitter following where she tweeted about 'her Aggies.' On February 5, 2021, Texas A&M announced that Reveille IX would be retiring in May 2021. On April 30, 2021, Reveille IX officially retired and now resides on campus at the Stevenson Companion Animal Life-Care Center.

Reveille X
Reveille X (born September 5, 2019) officially assumed Mascot duties on April 30, 2021. She was donated by the Rough Collie breeders Julie Hinrichsen and Russell Dyke, the same breeders who donated Reveille VIII.

Daily life
Reveille is officially cared for by Corps of Cadets Company E-2, known as the "mascot company", and the 1959 successor to A Quartermaster Co. A sophomore in the unit is designated the "mascot corporal" and has ultimate responsibility for her care. Reveille accompanies the mascot corporal everywhere, including to class and on dates.

Reveille is considered a cadet general and the highest-ranking member in the Corps of Cadets. To designate her rank, Reveille wears five diamonds on her maroon-and-white blanket. Freshmen cadets are required to address her as "Miss Rev, ma'am." Reveille is the only canine on campus, other than service animals, that is permitted to enter any campus building. It is a widely held tradition that if Reveille decides to sleep on a cadet's bed, that cadet is required to sleep on the floor. However, in reality, she is constantly under the care of her handler and is not permitted to freely roam the dormitory or campus. This tradition likely applied only to the first Reveille. By tradition, if she barks in class, that session is cancelled. Reveille has her own cell phone, operated by the mascot corporal, and her own student identification card.

Cemetery

Texas A&M maintains a cemetery on campus where all of the past Reveilles are buried. Reveilles I through IV were buried side by side in a small cemetery in front of Kyle Field with their noses and paws pointed so that they could look through the north tunnel and see the stadium scoreboard. This way, "they can always watch the Aggies outscore their opponent on the field."

In 1997, the university decided to expand Kyle Field and build the Bernard C. Richardson Zone at the north end of the stadium. This necessitated the removal of the cemetery. After meeting with representatives of the Traditions Council, Student Senate, and E-2, the athletic department decided to create a temporary cemetery across the street in Cain Park. Upon completion of the stadium addition in 1999, the graves were relocated to a permanent cemetery at the new, tree-lined Richardson Zone Plaza. Since the recent additions blocked the gravesites' view of Kyle Field, a miniature scoreboard was constructed on the outside of the stadium so that the deceased mascots can still watch the Aggies play.

title: Reveille (dog)


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Vali (Ramayana)

Vali (वाली) also known as Bali, was a vanara and the king of Kishkindha in the Hindu epic Ramayana. He was the husband of Tara, the son of Indra, the elder brother of Sugriva, and the father of Angada.

Having obtained a boon that allowed him to receive half the strength of his opponents, Vali was a formidable fighter. He banished his brother Sugriva who had assumed his throne, believing him to be dead. Sugriva sought the assistance of Rama, an avatar of Vishnu, to intervene in their conflict. In a duel between the brothers, Rama shot Vali in the chest with an arrow.

Early life
According to the epic, fourteen types of gems or treasures were produced from the churning of the ocean during the time of the Kurma avatar. One gem is that various apsaras (divine nymphs) were produced, and Tara was an apsara produced from the churning of the ocean. Vali, who was with his father Indra, helping him in the churning of the ocean, took Tara and married her.

Vali was courageous. This can be understood from the fact that, when Tara tried to stop him and begged him not to go to fight Sugriva, by saying that it is Rama who is helping Sugriva and has come to Sugriva's rescue, Vali replied to Tara that even if he is fighting against God, he cannot ignore a challenge for a fight and remain quiet. He adds that even if the caller for the fight had been his own son, Angada, he would still go to the fight.

The Quarrel
According to the Ramayana, a raging demon known as Mayavi came to the doors of Kishkindha and challenged Vali to a fight. Vali accepted the challenge. When he came forth, the demon got terrified and ran into a cave. Vali entered the cave and told Sugriva to wait outside. When Vali did not return and he heard demonic voices from inside the cave and blood oozing from inside the cave, Sugriva mistakenly concluded that Vali was dead. He closed the cave with a large boulder and presumed kingship over Kishkindha. However, inside the cave, Vali killed the demon and returned home. Upon seeing Sugriva act as a king, Vali thought his brother had betrayed him. Sugriva tried to explain his actions, but Vali didn't listen. Sugriva ran off to Rishyamuka mountain, the only place Vali would be unable to enter because of the curse of the sage Matanga.

Vali's boon
Vali was granted a boon by Brahma after sitting in penance. Vali asked Brahma for a boon such that in any duel, Vali's opponent would lose half his strength to Vali. Brahma granted this boon. Vali was already powerful with his power almost equal to that of 7500000 elephants, thus, Vali became invincible. It was said that no one could defeat Vali in a head-on battle.

War with Ravana
Ravana learns about Vali and his strengths through Narada. Hearing Narada praising Vali, Ravana became extremely arrogant and went to Kishkindha. There Vali was in meditation. Ravana challenged Vali to come and fight. First Sugriva fought with Ravana and was defeated. Ravana then reached Vali and challenged him. Vali and Ravana then fought a fierce battle. Vali tied him with his tail (carried him on his shoulders in some other versions) and then arrested Ravana. Vali started carrying Ravana under his armpit for years. Ravana could not bear the insult, He accepted his defeat and pleaded with Vali to release him. Ravana was impressed with Vali's strength and asked him for friendship.

Rama meets Sugriva
Wandering in the forest with his brother Lakshmana in search of his wife Sita – kidnapped by the rakshasa king Ravana, Rama meets rakshasa Kabandha and kills him, freeing him from a curse. The freed Kabandha advises Rama to seek the help of Sugriva to find Sita.

Continuing on his journey, Rama meets Hanuman and is impressed by his intelligence and skills as an orator. This also boosts Rama's confidence in Sugriva. Sugriva tells him the story of how Vali became his enemy. In Sugriva's version, he is entirely innocent and Rama believes him.

Sugriva is very scared of Vali and he is full of doubts that Rama could kill him. He tells him many remarkable stories of Vali's power. As proof, he shows Rama a hole in a saal tree which Vali had made in one shot. When it is Rama's turn, he penetrates seven saal trees in a row with one arrow. After going through the trees, the arrow even strikes a huge rock and splits it into pieces. Sugriva is happy and says, "O Rama, you are great."

Rama asks Sugriva to challenge Vali and bring him outside Kishkindha. As Rama explains later, for 14 years he has not been able to enter a city. Moreover, Rama does not want any unnecessary bloodbath of Vali's army with whom he wants to maintain friendly relations. Despite this, killing Vali would not be impossible for Rama as Sugriva and Vali were identical twins. Just a few days before, Rama had killed Khara and Dushana and their army of 14,000 rakshasas.

Sugriva formed an alliance with Rama. Rama had been travelling the length of India in search of his kidnapped wife, Sita. Sugriva asked Rama's help in return for his help in defeating Ravana and rescuing Sita. The two hatched a plan to topple Vali from the throne.

Sugriva challenged Vali to a fight. When Vali sallied forth to meet the challenge, Rama emerged from the forest to shoot and kill him with an arrow.

The dying Vali told Rama, "If you are searching for your wife you should have come to me for help and friendship. Whoever took Sita, I would have brought them to your feet, to your mercy."

Vali asked the following questions:

 * He made my wife a widow and stole my kingdom. What was my crime?
 * Even if I committed a crime (with my brother), what is your right to kill me? I would have helped you in getting Sita; your father King Dasharatha helped my father King Indra to fight against rakshasas.

Rama makes the following replies to Vali:

 * The younger brother should be treated like a son. Even if he made a mistake you should forgive him, especially when he promised to respect you for your whole life.
 * About his authority, he said he had permission from King Bharata to spread righteousness and punish evils. You lost your kingdom while fighting with Mayavi and you are no more a king, so how can I ask you for your help?

After Vali's Death
After death of Vali, Sugriva recaptures his kingdom and regains his wife Ruma. Angada, son of Vali and Tara, is made Yuvaraja, or the crown prince.

Rama's slaying of Vali had a special significance. In the beginning, Vali argued with Rama about his killing. Rama explained to him about the various purusharthas and how everything was pre-ordained according to the kalachakra and granted him moksha. Vali was then convinced and also asked his son Angada to stand by his uncle Sugriva and assist in the divine work of Rama.

Vali's son, Angada, joined Rama's army and was given important responsibilities in Rama's war against Ravana.

Rebirth as Jara
Because Rama had killed Vali, Rama blessed Vali that he would die of his arrow which he would fire by camouflage when he took the incarnation of Krishna. Later on Vali was born as Jara the hunter in Dvapara Yuga to kill Krishna, the next avatar of Vishnu, in same way as said by Rama. He was searching for hunt in forest and he saw a deer but it actually was Krishna's bare foot.

He shot an arrow with an iron piece of mace attached to it.

The particular location of this event is known as Bhalka Tirtha. It is situated in western India in the state of Gujarat where Krishna’s disappearance takes place and thus marks the end of Dvapara Yuga and the commencement of Kali Yuga.

title: Vali (Ramayana)


text:
Peter Skov-Jensen

Peter Skov-Jensen (born 9 June 1971) is a Danish former professional football player who was a goalkeeper. He among others played for the German club VfL Bochum in the Bundesliga championship. He works a goalkeeper coach at BK Avarta. Skov-Jensen played four games for the Denmark national team, and was part of the Danish squad at the 2004 European Championship.

Biography
Peter Skov-Jensen started his career in 1990, with Esbjerg fB in the Danish 2nd Division. He was a part of an Esbjerg team that eventually settled in the Danish 1st Division, before he moved to league rivals Herning Fremad in 1997. He continued in the club as Herning Fremad merged with Ikast fS to form FC Midtjylland (FCM) in 1999. Skov-Jensen helped FCM gain promotion for the top-flight Danish Superliga championship in 2001. He played all 33 games of the 2001–02 Superliga season, as FCM conceded the second-fewest goals in the league, and won bronze medals.

He was a part of the Denmark national team, as an understudy for starting goalkeeper Thomas Sørensen. When Sørensen suffered an injury in fall 2002, Skov-Jensen made his national team debut in a UEFA Euro 2004 qualifying game against Luxembourg on 12 October 2002. Skov-Jensen also played the following national team game, a friendly match against Poland, before Sørensen recovered and Skov-Jensen lost his place as starting goalkeeper.

He suffered a broken toe in March 2004, but returned to play the 2004 Danish Cup final, which FC Midtjylland lost, in May 2004. He was selected to represent Denmark at the 2004 European Championship, but spent the tournament as an unused substitute for Thomas Sørensen. When Sørensen was injured in October 2004, Skov-Jensen was once more called upon to tend the goal, in the two 2006 FIFA World Cup qualifying games against Albania and Turkey. In January 2005, Skov-Jensen moved abroad to play for VfL Bochum in the German Bundesliga, alongside compatriots Peter Madsen, Tommy Bechmann and Søren Colding.

His first year at Bochum was no success, as he only played two games in a season that saw Bochum relegated to the 2. Bundesliga. He became a part of the starting line-up in November 2005, but suffered an injury in a December 2005 game against SpVgg Unterhaching. He returned to the team in March 2006, and played 10 of the last 11 games of the season, as Bochum won promotion back to the Bundesliga. He was Bochum's starting goalkeeper of the 2006–07 Bundesliga season, but following a 6–0 defeat to Werder Bremen in October, he was demoted to the substitutes' bench. He returned to the starting line-up in November, but following the signing of Czech goalkeeper Jaroslav Drobný in December, he was Bochum's second-choice goalkeeper once more. He left Bochum for the Norwegian Sandefjord Fotball at the end of the 2006–07 season.

In January 2008 he moved to Køge Boldklub on an amateur contract. After six months at Køge he ended his playing career and got a job as goalkeeper coach at BK Avarta.

title: Peter Skov-Jensen


text:
Talk:Redcliffe, Queensland

2005 comments
Hmm. Reasonable article but we have a small problem here. The article claims Redcliffe "acts as a service centre for the Moreton Bay island communities, tourist hub for [Moreton Bay]". This is only true if you ignore the southern end of the bay that is serviced by Cleveland and Redlands. Stradbroke Ferries do the major tourist run from Cleveland to Stradbroke Island and the substantial populations of the southern bay islands (unmentioned in this article) are looked after by a fleet of barges and fast ferries.

Article necessary on the Redland area to bring a bit of balance and fill in the gaps.Leeshipley 22:44, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

''Quite. But the original paragraph never claimed it was the only hub; the choice of "a" rather than "the" was quite deliberate. I've put it back, but feel free to add a reference to other hubs such as the ones you've mentioned above. Also, some drongo decided that he couldn't be bothered googling for dormitory suburbs and deleted that. That's been reverted. A dormitory suburb is one where people go home when they are working in the nearby city. In this case, Brisbane. (Aguido, March 20, 2005) ''

The fix
Instead of vandalizing the Redcliffe page, I took another path: I wrote an entry for Redland Shire and updated the Stradbroke Island article. If you are interested please check them out for accuracy. --Leeshipley 08:52, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Packed into 37 square kilometres?
50,000 people in 37 square kilometres may seem like a high density to rural farmland areas, but in cities it is about average density, if not under. about 1,350 persons per square kilometre is nothing to complain about, we have about that in my town, and there are plenty of trees, parks etc.

I'll add to this comment, as someone who has lived in Redcliffe, population density there is in fact very low in comparison to any other 'city' i've ever visited. On paper Brisbane city appears to have a lower pop. density, but not if you take into account all of the uninhabited regions (ie. boondall wetlands et al). Redcliffe is well spread, everyone has a large back yard, there is very little high density housing and zero traffic problems.

Actually, Redcliffe also has its share of unhabited areas. A lot of the area to the east of Clontarf also counts as part of Redcliffe. Aleksei 09:50, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Retirement village?
The Australian Bureau of statistics doesn't agree (see new population statistics).

I take your point. Thanks for pulling the statistics. - --Aguido 03:46, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Bee Gees?
BeeGees in Redcliffe? Never heard that beofre. They originally lived in a suburb of Brisbane called Cribb Island, which no longer exists (no under the airport). 136.153.2.2 08:58, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

My father is from Cribb island and now lives in Redcliffe. He never mentioned this at all. As far as I remember the Biography doesn't mention Cribb island either but even if they had, how does that exclude them from ever having lived in Redcliffe? The Bee Gees were all born in England and moved to Redcliffe when the brothers were all of Primary school age. They went to Scarborough state school in Redcliffe. Their first performance was at the Redcliffe paceway. They later moved to the gold coast as the band started to take off. I think they also lived in Sydney for a while... and back to England ... and the USA... They were quite young when living in Redcliffe. There's a mention in the book about the fact that they were breaking Queensland labour laws by performing due to their ages. Suggest you read 'The Bee Gees, tales of brothers Gibb' ISBN: 0711987483. NSWelshman 13:01, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Someone told me that they went to Humpybong - any idea if this is true?

Bee Gees emgrated to Redcliffe & attended Humpybong
"In 1958, the Gibb family, including infant brother Andy (born March 5, 1958 in Manchester, England), emigrated to Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia, and and went to Humpybong State School." - danceage.com

yes they did, fascinating. I live here now, we needs more references of this Valkyrie 06 (talk) 23:20, 7 April 2012 (UTC)

New Picture?
Any objections of a picture of Suttons beach added to the article? Valkyrie 06 (talk) 23:22, 7 April 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Redcliffe, Queensland