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Jock Garden

John Smith "Jock" Garden (13 August 1882 – 31 December 1968) was an Australian clergyman, trade unionist and politician. He was one of the founders of the Communist Party of Australia.

Early life
Garden was born on 13 August 1882 in Nigg, Aberdeen, Scotland. He was the second son of Ann (née Smith) and Alexander Garden; his parents were both employed in the fishing industry.

Garden attended a state school at Lossiemouth. He was then apprenticed as a sailmaker with his cousin. His brother immigrated to Australia in the 1890s and the rest of the family joined him in 1904.

Labor politician
In 1906, Garden was a Church of Christ minister at Harcourt, Victoria. The next year on 6 May in Melbourne, with the forms of that church, he married Jeannie May Ritchie, from Leith, Scotland. By 1909 he was a member of the Labor Party and also a Baptist preacher at Maclean, New South Wales. In 1914 he was living at Paddington and working intermittently at his trade; he became the president of the Sailmakers' Union and its delegate on the Labor Council of New South Wales, which was to be his power base until 1934. In 1916 he was elected assistant secretary of the council, and in 1918 became its secretary. He failed as a Labor candidate at Parramatta in the 1917 State elections. Before that, Garden was employed from 1915 by the Department of Defence at its ordnance store at Circular Quay. In 1916 he was fined £10 for improperly accepting a gift from a supplier to the department and was dismissed on 14 March 1917 year after admitting that he had destroyed an important voucher.

Garden's oratorical style, coupled with a strong Scots' burr, ranged from captivating to ranting, adaptable to the pulpit and the Trades Hall. His speeches were quite often rambling tirades, but seldom unproductive. He read non-conformist and radical literature including Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin enthusiastically after the 1917 Russian revolution. The times were auspicious for Garden on the Labor Council in 1916–18. World War I and conscription divided the Labor movement. In 1916 the Labor state premier, William Holman, along with other moderate politicians were expelled and formed the conservative National government.

The triumphant unionist wing, led by the Industrial Vigilance Council, became even more left wing. Some moderate unions left the Labor Council. The Industrial Vigilance Council tried to make the Labor Party the political arm of the One Big Union (OBU), a radical scheme. The Australian Workers' Union made the turmoil worse by trying to make itself a non-revolutionary O.B.U. with the support of some moderate politicians and unions. Garden was expelled in 1919 from the Labor Party for advocating revolutionary socialism. For a time he was a member of the Industrial Socialist Labor Party.

Communist
In November 1920 Garden announced the formation of the Communist Party of Australia, which he had initiated with William Earsman. Garden was prominent in 1921 at the All-Australian Trade Union Congress in Melbourne, which wanted to impose a positive socialist policy on the Australian Labor Party. He rapidly became one of its most prominent figures, leading a group of militant trade unionists known as the "Trades Hall Reds."

Under Garden's leadership the CPA concentrated on trying to gain control of the New South Wales trade unions, and through them to re-enter the Labor Party (which was based on affiliated trade unions). This led to a split in the CPA, with more radical members rejecting the attempt to re-enter the Labor Party. In 1922, however, Garden attended the Congress of the Communist International in Moscow, which endorsed his strategy. Although the Labor Party, under its parliamentary leader Jack Lang, rejected Communism, Garden as Secretary of the Trades Hall was a powerful figure in the labour movement, and in 1923 he was readmitted to the Labor Party and elected to its state executive.

In 1924, however, Lang regained control of the New South Wales Labor Party and had Garden and other Communists once again expelled from the party, a decision which was upheld by the federal executive. This was the end of the CPA's attempts to take over the Labor Party, and by 1925 the CPA had become mainly an appendage of Garden's machine in the Sydney Trades Hall. At the 1925 state elections the CPA ran candidates, including Garden, against Labor candidates in working-class seats and was heavily defeated. This convinced Garden that the CPA had no future, and in 1926 he left the party.

Return to Labor
In September 1926, Garden announced his resignation from the Communist Party and his intention to seek readmission to the ALP; he was not formally re-admitted to the ALP until January 1929. He remained active in the labour movement and was involved in the creation of the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) in 1927, being narrowly defeated by Charlie Crofts in the election to become its inaugural secretary. He also remained involved with Communist front organisations such as the Red International of Labor Unions and Pan-Pacific Trade Union Secretariat (PPTUS), and in 1927 was controversially denied a passport to attend a PPTUS conference in China by the Bruce–Page government.

Despite their earlier conflict, Garden soon reconciled himself to Lang's leadership and by the late 1920s had emerged as one of Lang's key allies. While retaining his power base in the Trades Hall, he was elected an Alderman of the Sydney City Council, and a member of the executive of the Australian Council of Trade Unions. He also ran the Labor Council's radio station, 2KY. In 1931, when the Labor Party split over the Scullin government's response to the Great Depression, Garden became a leading supporter of Lang's faction, which rejected Scullin's policies and favoured repudiating Australia's debt to British bondholders.

Garden stood for the House of Representatives at the 1931 election as a Lang Labor candidate in the Division of Cook in inner Sydney. He was unsuccessful, but at the 1934 election he was elected – the first of a number of ex-Communists to become Labor parliamentarians. However, when the Labor Party was re-united under John Curtin's leadership in 1936, Garden was dropped as a candidate as part of the peace settlement, and at the 1937 elections he retired from Parliament.

When Labor came to office federally in 1941, Garden was employed by Eddie Ward, a former Lang Labor man who was Minister for External Territories from 1943 to 1949. In this capacity he travelled to Papua New Guinea, then an Australian possession, and was involved in the corrupt sale of timber leases to various business friends. In 1946 a Royal Commission found that Garden had engaged in corrupt conduct, and he was subsequently convicted of fraud and sentenced to three years imprisonment.

In 1949 Malcolm Henry Ellis intent upon showing the connections between the Communist movement and the ALP of the later 1940s, and ignoring Garden's 1920s leaving the party, wrote a book The Garden Path: The Story of the saturation of the Australian Labour Movement by Communism.

Later life
Garden was released from gaol in July 1950, having served two years and two months. He began his sentence at Long Bay, but was later moved to the prison farm at Tumbarumba and was granted early release for good conduct. After his release he returned to his flat at Double Bay.

Jock Garden disappeared from public life and died in hospital on 31 December 1968. He was cremated with Church of Christ forms and was survived by his wife, one of his two sons and one of his two daughters.

title: Jock Garden


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August Gillhaus

August Gillhaus (June 10, 1867 - May 4, 1932) was an American engineer from The Bronx who was the Socialist Labor candidate for U.S. President in 1908 and for U.S. Vice President in 1912 and 1920.

Career
In 1902, Gillhaus was among the delegates elected from New York City to the state Socialist Labor convention in Utica. In August 1905, he was elected general treasurer of the Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance of the United States and Canada, and a delegate to the forthcoming convention in Chicago which would give rise to the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or "Wobblies").

Gillhaus was an active participant in what would come to be known as the first convention of the IWW, voted for the STLA to affiliate with the new organization, and was installed as a member thereof.

Political races
In the November 1905 New York City election, Gillhaus was the Socialist Labor nominee for Comptroller. In 1908, Gillhaus was substituted for the original Socialist Labor nominee, Morris R. "Morrie" Preston, a miner who was arrested on murder charges during a citywide strike in Goldfield, Nevada, in 1907. Gillhaus and his running mate Donald L. Munro, of Virginia, received 14,029 votes.

In 1912, as the VP candidate on the ticket with Arthur E. Reimer, Gillhaus got 29,213 votes. In 1914, he ran for New York State Engineer and Surveyor. In 1916, he ran for U.S. Senator from New York. In 1918 he ran for Lieutenant Governor of New York. In 1920, he was the Socialist Labor Party VP candidate on the ticket with William Wesley Cox. In 1930, he ran for New York State Attorney General.

Death
Gillhaus died suddenly May 4, 1932, survived by his wife Marie, his mother Mary, six siblings and two children.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: August Gillhaus


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Mecachrome

Mecachrome SAS is a precision engineering company based in France that operates in the aerospace, motor racing, energy and defence sectors.

History
Mecachrome was founded in 1937 in Colombes, France. As a precision engineering company, Mecachrome focus their business on aerospace, automotive, motor racing, defence and energy sectors designing and manufacturing high value-added parts, systems and structural assemblies.

Mecachrome are known most famously for the manufacture of Formula One engines, designed by Renault for Formula One teams including Williams and Benetton during the 1990s.

In 2003, Mecachrome moved its head office from France to Canada. In 2008, the company went public just prior to the global economic crisis. Their share price plunged from a high of $13.55 per share to 15 cents. By July 2008, Mecachrome made job cuts in both Canada and France with production moving to Canada due to excess capacity caused by delays to the Boeing 787, for which Mecachrome was a supplier. In November, the majority shareholding Casella family who were descendants of the original Mecachrome founders, stepped aside. Christian Jacqmin was appointed CEO. At the end of 2008, Mecachrome completed their financial restructuring.

In April 2014, Mecachrome signed a deal to supply to Safran in the manufacture of the new LEAP engine to be used in a variety of Airbus, Boeing and COMAC aircraft. In 2015, Airbus announced Mecachrome as the manufacturer of nose landing gear bays for their new Beluga aircraft. Mecachrome already worked with Airbus on its A320, A330, A380 and A400M aircraft.

In 2017, Mecachrome declared interest in providing a standardised "budget" engine for Formula One. This would have been in addition to their GP2 & GP3 engine supply deals.

In April 2019, Christian Cornille took over as CEO of Mecachrome and targeted €1bn turnover.

The company operates across 14 sites in Europe, North Africa and North America. In 2020, reported revenues were €220million. Mecachrome employ over 2,500 worldwide.

In 2021, the company changed its corporate address from Amboise to Blagnac.

Formula One
Since 1977 until present, Mecachrome has been involved with Renault Sport, the motorsport division of Renault (though today Renault Sport's F1 operations are conducted through Renault Sport F1, a separate group company).

From, Renault began to supply other teams with engines; Mecachrome being given the responsibility of preparing and assembling the engines for these customer teams such as Lotus-Renault in 1983 and Ligier-Renault in 1984. In 1985, Renault withdrew from Formula One as a constructor and from engine supply for the 1987 season. In 1989, Renault returned to F1 as an engine supplier to WilliamsF1 (and Ligier from 1992) with Mecachrome again responsible for preparing the engines for the team.

Renault engines powered Williams and Benetton to six consecutive Constructors' World Championships between 1992 and 1997 and five Drivers' titles with Nigel Mansell (1992), Alain Prost (1993), Michael Schumacher (1995), Damon Hill (1996) and Jacques Villeneuve (1997).

In 1995, Benetton acquired Ligier's stock of Renault V10 engines (same specifications as Williams). In 1996, Renault was privatised and announced its withdrawal from Formula One after the 1997 season. In order to avoid protests by shareholders regarding the costs of engine development, Mecachrome agreed to pay Renault for the development work in order to continue the relationship. The 1998 engines supplied to Williams carried the Mecachrome name while Benetton's engines were badged as Playlife.

In 1998, Flavio Briatore's company, Super Performance Competition Engineering, signed a distribution agreement with Mecachrome to begin in the 1999 season. The engines were purchased and rebadged as Supertec. Supertecs powered Williams in 1999, BAR in 1999 and Arrows in 2000. Supertec also continued to power Benetton under the Playlife brand.

In 2001, Renault returned to Formula One by purchasing the Benetton team with the Renault-designed engines carrying again the Renault name. The relationship remained unchanged with Renault responsible for research and design, assembly, preparation, maintenance, trackside support and also tune-up; this relationship helped Renault win constructors' and driver's F1 championships in 2005 and 2006 with Fernando Alonso.

Mecachrome-assembled Renault engines powered the Red Bull Racing Formula One team to the Constructors' Championship and Red Bull driver Sebastian Vettel to the World Drivers' Championship in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013.

During the start of enhanced hybrid turbocharged power unit regulations, once again Mecachrome helped Renault Energy F1 hybrid power unit build, development, assembly and tune-up for 2014 season onwards.

GP2 Series/FIA Formula 2 Championship
In 2005, the GP2 Series (now FIA Formula 2 Championship) was launched as the official feeder category to Formula One. As the brainchild of Bernie Ecclestone and Flavio Briatore, the new series was to be powered by Renault engines (badging only), and Mecachrome was tasked with their production. The engines were manufactured at the same base as the Renault F1 units in Aubigny, France with direction from Heini Mader in Switzerland.

The company continued to provide engines and gearboxes for the GP2 Series in its second generation (2008-2010) whilst also supplying the new-for-2008 GP2 Asia Series with slightly detuned versions of the power unit which has been at the core of the GP2 Series since 2005.

Since the 2011 season, Renault Sport no longer badge their Mecachrome engines due to Renault Sport focusing on their Formula One programme.

The Mecachrome V8 GP2/F2 engines were jointly developed by Mecachrome and TEOS Engineering for design, tune-up, R&D, engine maintenance, arrangement and trackside support. The GP2 Series/FIA Formula 2 Championship V8 engine formula specification was in use from 2005 and was retired following the 2017 season.

New engine regulations with 620 hp 3,400 cc V6 single-turbocharged direct-injected engines, known as the Mecachrome V634 Turbo, which is a development of the naturally aspirated Mecachrome V634 used in the GP3 Series, were introduced for 2018 along with a new Dallara F2 2018 chassis while TEOS Engineering renewed its subcontract relationship with Mecachrome on track in the FIA Formula 2 Championship for 2018 beyond. Dutch turbocharger company Van Der Lee Turbo Systems supplies the turbochargers for all FIA Formula 2 Championship engines.

GP3 Series/FIA Formula 3 Championship
In 2015 alongside the Dallara GP3/16 car launch, Mecachrome was selected as the official engine partner and supplier of GP3 Series since 2016 season onwards. The Mecachrome V634 GP3/F3 engines are also jointly developed by Mecachrome and TEOS Engineering for design, tune-up, R&D, engine maintenance, arrangement, shared-production and trackside support. Despite the new Dallara F3 2019 car unveil, the current Mecachrome V634 which will be used by all FIA Formula 3 competitors will extend its service until at least the 2024 season.

World Endurance Championship
In 2017, Mecachrome partnered with Ginetta as an engine supplier for the G60-LT-P1 LMP1 Prototype, supplying the V634P1, a variant of the V634 F2 engine, which would also be turbocharged by Van Der Lee Turbo Systems. The Ginetta G60-LT-P1-AER, run by CEFC TRSM, was to compete in the 2018 24 Hours of Le Mans and the full 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship. However, after withdrawing from the opening WEC round at Spa-Francorchamps and achieving a fifth in class result at Le Mans, which was in reality a 41st position result in the overall standings, Ginetta dropped the Mecachrome V634P1 in favour of the AER P60B engines. This was done due to a performance deficit from the turbo V6 engine, and the lack of response to calls for a development programme from Mecachrome Motorsport, with the stated aim being to unlock the true performance of the chassis. Mecachrome Motorsport responded to Ginetta's announcement soon afterwards, also revealing that it intended to continue its LMP1 engine programme, although it has yet to find any customers to run the engine in any chassis since. Ginetta technical director Ewan Baldry later responded to Mecachrome's claims, acknowledging that while the engine utilised at Le Mans was a first specification engine, the engine was underpowered and did not meet the contractually agreed performance targets.

From the 2024 WEC season onward, Mecachrome provided the engines for the two Alpine-entered A424s, supplying a heavily modified version of the V634 engine used in FIA Formula 2. At the 2024 24 Hours of Le Mans, both Alpines retired with engine issues: the #35 entry stopped at Arnage after five hours with smoke blowing out of the car, whilst the #36 ended their race in the pits during hour 6.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

title: Mecachrome


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Talk:It's Hard

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title: Talk:It's Hard


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Messara horse

The Messara (also known as Cretan horse ) is a light riding and draft horse found on the island of Crete off the coast of Greece.

History
The native mountain-type Messara pony has been on the Island of Crete for at least 1000 years. The name comes from the Messara Plain where they are usually found. Cretan horses were developed by crossing native and Arabian breeds imported during the Ottoman occupation in the 17th century. It is now a rare breed with only around 100 representatives. Since 1994 there is a studbook and a conservation programme has been started.

Characteristics
The main coat colours found in the Messara are bay, brown (a variation of bay), black and gray. They usually stand between high. They retain some characteristics of their Arabian ancestors. Most Messara ponies have a natural pacing gait that is easy and comfortable to ride. They are very good at walking on rocky ground and uneven surfaces.

Uses
Messara horses are used for light farm work and for transportation, but more often are also being used for riding and racing. The stallions are often crossed with female donkeys (Jennies) to produce hinnies.

title: Messara horse


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User:Notepad

See my FR page Notepad FR fr:User:Notepad

title: User:Notepad


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Daniel Jones (musician)

Daniel Jones (born 22 July 1973) is a British-born Australian musician, songwriter, record producer and real estate agent. He was a member of the Australian pop duo Savage Garden, whose international hit singles included "I Want You", "To the Moon and Back", "Truly Madly Deeply", "I Knew I Loved You", and "Crash and Burn".

Personal life
Jones was born in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England, the youngest of 3 boys. When he was a year old, his family moved to Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

In 2000, Jones met Kathleen de Leon (born 1 September 1977), an original member of Hi-5, an Australian children's musical group aligned with a TV series of the same name, at the 42nd Annual TV Week Logie Awards. Jones proposed to de Leon on his 30th birthday at the GPO Bar in Brisbane. Jones wed de Leon at Avica Weddings and Resort on the Gold Coast in Queensland on 9 October 2005.

Early career
Jones was about 18 years old when he was in a band called Red Edge with his brother and some friends, but the band needed a singer. Jones put an advertisement in the local Brisbane music paper, Time Off, looking for a suitable singer. Darren Hayes responded to the ad and became their singer. Hayes got tired of performing other people's songs and he was ready to quit Red Edge, and Jones wanted to create his own music. Both decided to leave the band and began to pursue a career together, marking the beginning of Savage Garden.

Savage Garden
According to the credits on their albums, Darren Hayes handled lead vocals and arrangements, while Jones played guitar, keyboard and sang. They wrote their songs together.

Originally, both men travelled the world to promote their first album, Savage Garden (1997). As travel strain and other issues began to take their toll on Jones, he decided that he was not comfortable with the press junket circuits and the intense scrutiny from fans and media that came with them, and informed the band's manager that he wanted to leave. As a result, Hayes agreed to take on most of the promotional duties for the band until the release of their second album, Affirmation in 1999. In 2001, Hayes announced that Savage Garden was over. Affirmation sold 8 million copies.

After Savage Garden
In 2001, Jones built his own recording studio and launched the music label Meridien Musik. The label's first act was Aneiki, a duo consisting of Grant Wallis and Jennifer Waite, who was one of the backing vocalists who travelled with Savage Garden during their The Future of Earthly Delites tour. Meridien Musik released their album Words in Place of Objects; Jones wrote five songs with Waite: "Dearest", "She Says", "Saving Grace", "Feel This Fool" and "Sugarlust". Words in Place of Objects was the only music Aneiki would release.

In 2002, Jones worked with another Australian duo, called Bachelor Girl, to co-write a song called "Falling" for their fourth and last album, Dysfunctional. In 2004, Jones helped produce for Australian pop-rock musician Julie Strickland and the Australian act The Wish (Peter Freebairn and Bill Kio) for their respective debut albums.

Jones then left the music industry, moved to Las Vegas, and went into the real estate business. In 2015, Jones, de Leon, and their two daughters, Mikayla (born 2006) and Keira (born 2010) were residing in the United States. They returned home to live on the Gold Coast in 2023.

title: Daniel Jones (musician)


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Talk:Quantum (comics)

Untitled
'''GET BUSY YOU LAZIES AND EXPAND THIS ARTICLE! IT HARDLY CONTAINS ANY INFORMATION! GET BUSY NOW! DON'T WAIT! NOW!''' 4.159.5.18 02:38, 20 May 2005 (UTC)

It's not polite to talk like that on Wikipedia. Even if the pages aren't being edited, you should try talking to the editors on the comics talk pages, rather than yelling. Scorpionman 20:16, 27 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Or, y'know, do some research make some contributions yourself.... Dr Archeville 21:16, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

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C-Class rated for Comics Project
As this B-Class article has yet to receive a review, it has been rated as C-Class. If you disagree and would like to request an assesment, please visit WikiProject_Comics/Assessment and list the article. Hiding T 14:23, 24 February 2009 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Quantum (comics)


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Pombal, Portugal

Pombal is a city and a municipality located in the historical Beira Litoral province and in the região de Leiria of portuguese Leiria district. The population in 2011 was 55,217, in an area of 626.00 km2. The population of the city of Pombal proper is about 18,000 inhabitants.

The municipality is served by a railway station which is part of the Linha do Norte, the main Portuguese railway line that connects its two largest cities, Lisbon and Porto.

The Mayor is Luís Diogo de Paiva Morão Alves Mateus since 2013, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The municipal holiday is November 11 and celebrates St. Martin's Day.

In 2017, an 82-foot-long skeleton of a possible sauropod dinosaur was uncovered in a Pombal property owner's backyard.

Parishes
Administratively, the municipality is divided into 13 civil parishes (freguesias):

 * Abiul
 * Almagreira
 * Carnide
 * Carriço
 * Guia, Ilha e Mata Mourisca
 * Louriçal
 * Meirinhas
 * Pelariga
 * Pombal
 * Redinha
 * Santiago e São Simão de Litém e Albergaria dos Doze
 * Vermoil
 * Vila Cã

Heritage sites

 * Castle of Pombal
 * House of the Marquis of Pombal

Sports
Sporting Clube de Pombal is the major sports club in Pombal. It was established on 20 October 1922 as the branch number 10 of Sporting Clube de Portugal (Sporting CP).

Notable people

 * Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal (1699-1782 in Pombal) a Portuguese statesman and diplomat, chief minister to King Joseph I, 1750 to 1777
 * Pedro Roma (born 1970 in Pombal) a football goalkeeper with 386 club caps, mainly for Académica
 * Carlos Mota Pinto (born 1936 in Pombal) a politician and the 7th Prime Minister of the Third Portuguese Republic

title: Pombal, Portugal


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Lennie Briscoe

Leonard W. Briscoe is a fictional character on NBC's long-running police procedural and legal drama television series Law & Order. He was created by Walon Green and René Balcer and portrayed by Jerry Orbach. He was featured on the show for 12 seasons, from 1992 to 2004, making him one of the longest-serving main characters in the series' history, as well as the longest-serving police detective on the show. He also appeared in three Law & Order spin-offs and was part of the original cast of Law & Order: Trial by Jury, appearing in the first two episodes prior to his death. He appears in 282 episodes (273 episodes of Law & Order, two episodes of Law & Order: Trial by Jury, one episode of Law & Order: Criminal Intent, three episodes of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, and three episodes of Homicide: Life on the Street), the TV movie Exiled and the Law & Order video games Law & Order: Dead on the Money, Law & Order: Double or Nothing, Law & Order: Justice Is Served and Law & Order: Legacies.

Orbach's performance as Briscoe on the New York–based series was so popular that it resulted in him being declared a "Living Landmark" by the New York Landmarks Conservancy, along with fellow longtime series cast member Sam Waterston (who portrays the prosecutor Jack McCoy on the show).

Law & Order universe
Lennie Briscoe is introduced in the ninth episode of the third season, "Point of View", as the new senior detective in the New York City Police Department's 27th Detective Squad in the 27th Police Precinct's station house. In the episode "Virus", his birthday is given as January 2, 1940. His commanding officer during his first season on the show is Capt. Donald Cragen (Dann Florek); a year later, Lt. Anita Van Buren (S. Epatha Merkerson) takes over the 27th Precinct. He was previously assigned as a detective in the 116th Squad in Queens.

Briscoe joins the squad after Det. Mike Logan's (Chris Noth) partner, Sgt. Phil Cerreta (Paul Sorvino), is shot by a black market arms dealer and transfers to a desk job in another precinct.

After Logan is transferred to Staten Island in 1995, Det. Rey Curtis (Benjamin Bratt) becomes Briscoe's partner. Four years later, Curtis goes into early retirement to take care of his multiple sclerosis–stricken wife, and he is replaced by Det. Ed Green (Jesse L. Martin) in 1999.

Character biography
Born on January 2, 1940, Lennie Briscoe grows up in the Meatpacking District of Manhattan. He has a brother. As a child, he attended P.S. 21, as his father had before him, as well as P.S. 189. He attended college at the City College of New York. A veteran of two failed marriages, Briscoe has two daughters by his first wife, the elder Julia and the younger Cathy (Jennifer Bill), and a nephew, Det. Ken Briscoe (played by Orbach's real-life son, Chris). Cathy is born on June 23, 1971, and is murdered on March 4, 1998. By 2002, he has at least two grandchildren.

Prior to working for the NYPD, Briscoe worked at his uncle's liquor store.

Briscoe begins working in the NYPD homicide department in 1981. He carries a Smith & Wesson Model 36 revolver as his service weapon.

He is a recovering alcoholic, admitting he spent "20 years in a bottle.” He often makes references to being a "friend of Bill W.", which is a reference to his having attended Alcoholics Anonymous. In the 1996 episode "Aftershock", after witnessing an execution from a case that he helped investigate, he falls off the wagon with disastrous results; Assistant District Attorney Claire Kincaid (Jill Hennessy) is struck and killed by a drunk driver while driving him home from a bar. He feels responsible for her death, and he remains sober for the rest of his life.

His drinking harmed his family; he was often absent from his daughters' lives while they were growing up, and they have distant, fractious relationships with him as adults. Briscoe blames himself, especially when Cathy, a methamphetamine addict, is murdered by a drug dealer named Danny Jones (Johnny Dapolito) after she testifies against him in court. However, he finds closure when Jones dies from a heroin overdose. It is implied that Briscoe considered having Jones killed. One of Briscoe's former snitches had offered to kill Jones if Briscoe could get his charges reduced. Briscoe is later seen talking to the arresting officer about the snitch, but it is never confirmed if Briscoe did him the favor. This episode, which broke Dick Wolf's "self-imposed rule" against delving into the private lives of the characters, was brought about by Orbach's efforts to have Wolf provide the character with an "Emmy moment". Previously, when the firing of Chris Noth from the series had been announced, Orbach proposed that Noth's character be killed off, to allow a scene of "a sobbing Briscoe... cradling the dead body of Mike Logan in his arms"; Wolf declined this request, thus making it possible for Logan to return as a character later in the franchise. Wolf later commissioned the episode with Cathy's death to mollify Orbach.

Briscoe is Jewish on his father's side. While he was raised Catholic, he occasionally attends Jewish services as a gesture to his second ex-wife. His father served in the United States Army during World War II and helped to liberate the Dachau concentration camp in Germany. Briscoe's father suffered from Alzheimer's, and is dead by 1994. Briscoe did not get along with his father, and once described him as a "schmuck". Nevertheless, he took several days off when his father died.

He mentions having voted for Al Gore in the 2000 U.S. presidential election. He supports the Iraq War. He plays golf, and he is also revealed to be a skilled pool player, in one episode defeating an opponent in eight-ball after the break without giving up a turn.

Character highlights
Briscoe is one of many characters on the show to have served in the military; he was at one point a corporal in the United States Army. On several occasions he has referred to his service in the Vietnam War. After leaving the Army, Briscoe joined the NYPD in the 29th Precinct in Manhattan and walked a beat there with stops at the 31st and 33rd Precincts, also in Manhattan, and the 110th and 116th Precincts in Queens, at some point reaching the rank of detective. In the 1999 episode "Marathon", he is revealed to have spent three years in the Anti-Crime Unit. Briscoe's detective shield number is 8220.

Briscoe typically has a wise-crack or joke about the victim or circumstances of death at the close of the opening scene, with the joke usually exhibiting a very deadpan delivery while at the same time being highly "on target". He likes music, but mostly music that was popular in his youth; in one episode, Curtis chides his musical taste for stopping with Bobby Darin. Briscoe used to read Langston Hughes back when he was a beatnik "for about five minutes" because "it used to work pretty good on Jewish girls from Riverdale."

Many of Briscoe's former partners and colleagues outside the series (offscreen before Briscoe joined the 27th Precinct) have been or ended up becoming corrupt. In the 1993 episode "Jurisdiction", Detective Brian Torelli (Dan Hedaya) forces a confession from a mentally handicapped man; at the end of the episode, Briscoe is present when Internal Affairs arrests Torelli for suborning perjury and obstruction of justice.

In the 1994 episode "Kids", the son of Briscoe's former colleague Detective Ted Parker (Robert Hogan) is arrested for shooting another teenager. Parker and Briscoe have a private conversation during which Parker, speaking hypothetically, essentially relays to Briscoe that his son killed the other boy in self defense. At the end of the episode, Parker tacitly acknowledges to Briscoe that he used his contacts in his old precinct to engineer the shooting death of a key prosecution witness in his son's case (resulting in a mistrial).

Another of Briscoe's former partners, Detective John Flynn (Kevin Conway), falsely implicates him in the 1996 episode "Corruption" for taking seized drugs from the 116th Precinct evidence room (given to him by Flynn) during their stint there several years before. Flynn makes this allegation partly to throw off the Hellman Commission, which had been convened to investigate police corruption, including the questionable shooting death of a suspect by Flynn himself at the start of the episode, and partly as revenge against Curtis, who refused to falsely defend Flynn. Briscoe, however, has an alibi—he was having an affair with Officer Betty Abrams (Caroline Kava), a married woman. Against Briscoe's wishes, Abrams testifies before the commission to exonerate him. Because of the affair, however, the commissioners question her credibility. Briscoe finally gets the truth out of Flynn with a hidden wire tap, but Flynn commits suicide before he can be further prosecuted. Briscoe is ultimately cleared.

In the 2000 episode "Amends", Briscoe has another reunion with one of his former colleagues that opens up some ugly history. While investigating a 20-year-old cold case, Briscoe learns that one of his former colleagues, Tommy Brannigan (Brad Sullivan), had been convinced by his superior to accept promotion to detective first grade in exchange for letting a wealthy murder suspect go free. The now-retired Brannigan ultimately confesses in court, which helps Executive ADA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) convict the suspect in the long-cold case. Briscoe and Brannigan reconcile afterwards.

Some decisions in Briscoe's career are controversial. In the 1998 episode "Stalker", a key piece of evidence against a stalker accused of murdering a woman is ruled inadmissible because the police concluded that the victim had earlier lied about previously being attacked by the stalker, thereby undermining her own credibility. However, after the victim is found murdered, Briscoe approaches McCoy and tells him that he now believes that the victim did not lie to the police concerning the stalker's earlier attacks. Briscoe testifies for the prosecution to this effect, resulting in the evidence being readmitted. In addition, Curtis is called as a defense witness so he can state his belief that the original police report was correct; McCoy is forced to attack his credibility in order to salvage the case. The stalker is convicted, and Briscoe and Curtis reconcile afterward.

Shortly after Ed Green is assigned as Briscoe's partner, the two nearly come to blows during a particularly difficult investigation of a robbery-homicide in the 1999 episode "Marathon". Their primary suspect confesses as he is being arrested, but because Briscoe is the only officer within earshot, Green, Van Buren, and McCoy are placed in a difficult position with regard to the confession. Again, Briscoe is eventually vindicated, and Green and he work to rebuild their professional rapport.

Briscoe retires in the 2004 episode "C.O.D." after 12 years at the 27th Precinct and more than 30 years in the NYPD. His replacement at the 27th Precinct is Det. Joe Fontana (Dennis Farina).

Briscoe died at some point between 2004 and 2005 (Orbach himself died on December 28, 2004). Although not addressed directly on the main series until 2008, his death was implied in 2005 and confirmed in 2007 on an episode of Law & Order: Criminal Intent. The three official mentions of his death were made by each of his three junior partners on the series: Mike Logan, Rey Curtis and Ed Green.

Spin-offs
On the first season of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Briscoe makes three guest appearances assisting his old boss, Captain Cragen (one of these reunions involves re-opening a serial murder case that Briscoe and Logan had failed to solve several years earlier in the 1994 episode "Mayhem" ). Briscoe also makes a guest appearance in the Law & Order: Criminal Intent episode "Poison" with his partner Ed Green, in which he assists the Major Case Squad on a similar case. He also appeared in three episodes of Homicide: Life on the Street.

Soon after his retirement, Briscoe joins Law & Order: Trial by Jury, having accepted an appointment as an investigator in the office of New York County District Attorney Arthur Branch (Fred Thompson), with partner Inv. Hector Salazar (Kirk Acevedo). He appears in only the first two episodes of this series - "The Abominable Showman" and "41 Shots".

Appearances

 * Homicide: Life on the Street
 * Season Four
 * Episode 12: "For God and Country"
 * Season Six
 * Episode 5: "Baby, It's You"
 * Season Seven
 * Episode 15: "Sideshow"
 * Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
 * Season One
 * Episode 3: "...Or Just Look Like One"
 * Episode 4: "Hysteria"
 * Episode 15: "Entitled"
 * Law & Order: Criminal Intent
 * Season One
 * Episode 7: "Poison"

Death and acknowledgements
In 2005, the Lennie Briscoe character was written out after the second episode of Trial By Jury, coinciding with Orbach's death on December 28, 2004, from prostate cancer. The character's departure from the show was originally to be in the episode "Baby Boom" in which members of the DA's office attend a memorial service for him. This scene was in fact filmed but was not included in the aired episode. Part of the scene however is included in the behind-the-scenes footage of the show's DVD set. Briscoe's absence past the second episode is never acknowledged, and he is quickly replaced by Detective Chris Ravell (Scott Cohen).

His former partners each mention his death on Law & Order or one of its spinoffs. In the 2007 Criminal Intent episode "Renewal", Mike Logan mentions that Briscoe has died, but that he still sees him alive in his dreams. In the 2008 Law & Order episode "Burn Card", Ed Green says that his gambling addiction relapsed briefly after Briscoe died. In the 2009 Law & Order episode "Fed", Rey Curtis returns to New York to bury his wife Deborah, who had finally succumbed to complications related to multiple sclerosis. He reveals to Van Buren that he had spoken with Briscoe a few days before his death, and that he was his old wisecracking self right up to the end.

Credits
Law & Order

Law & Order: Trial by Jury

Reception
Following the end of Orbach's run as Briscoe in 2004, the character was praised in a piece in Today as "the quintessential television detective", a character who "didn't feel the need to dominate every scene; he just slyly stole them, with the perfect quip and perpetually raised eyebrows".
 * Lennie Briscoe was voted the 30th-greatest television show character of all time by Bravo TV.
 * Lennie Briscoe was Law & Orders third-greatest detective on the Hallmark Channel poll in 2010, beaten only by Special Victims Units Detective Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay), who came in second, and Criminal Intent's Detective Robert Goren (Vincent D'Onofrio), who won the poll.
 * Lennie Briscoe was ranked number 9 on Sleuth Channel's poll of America's Top Sleuths, between Sherlock Holmes at number 10 and Gil Grissom of CSI at number 8.
 * Lennie Briscoe was named one of TV's Smartest Detectives by AOL TV.
 * Lennie Briscoe was ranked 15th on TV Guide's list of the 25 greatest TV detectives.

title: Lennie Briscoe


text:
Marty Barrett (second baseman)

Martin Glenn Barrett (born June 23, 1958) is an American former Major League Baseball second baseman who played for the Boston Red Sox (1982–1990) and San Diego Padres (1991).

Early life and minor league career
Barrett was born in Arcadia, California. He is an alumnus of Arizona State University, and the brother of Tommy Barrett, another former MLB player who played for the Philadelphia Phillies.

Marty played in the longest professional baseball game in history in 1981, a minor league game between the Pawtucket Red Sox and the Rochester Red Wings. Barrett had the distinction of scoring the winning run for Pawtucket in the bottom of the 33rd inning.

Major League career
An excellent second baseman with an above-average arm, Barrett was known as a smart player and a great contact hitter, striking out only 209 times in 3378 at-bats, and collecting a significant number of big hits by driving tough pitches to the opposite field. He often was used as a specialist in bunting situations, leading the American League in sacrifice hits for three consecutive years (1986–88).

In a ten-year career Barrett was a .278 hitter with 18 home runs and 314 RBI in 941 games. Barrett successfully pulled off the hidden ball trick three times, including twice in July 1985.

In 1984, Barrett batted a career-high .303 in his first full season. But his most productive year was 1986, when he posted career-highs in RBI (60), hits (179), doubles (39), triples (4), stolen bases (15) and games played (158).

He starred in the 1986 postseason, when he set a major league record with 24 hits in 14 postseason games, and was named the ALCS Most Valuable Player. In the 1986 World Series Barrett had 13 hits in 30 at bats (.433 BA), and posted an on-base percentage of .514 against the New York Mets. Near the conclusion of Game Six, he had been selected by the NBC Television broadcast team as the Player of the Game. He was the final batter in the series, striking out against Mets closer, Jesse Orosco.

Barrett held the starting second baseman position with the Red Sox for most of the 1980s. On June 4, 1989, he suffered a serious knee injury while tripping over first base following a ground out. Jody Reed took over as the starter, and Barrett played only sporadically following his recovery. During the final game of the 1990 ALCS, Red Sox pitcher, Roger Clemens, was ejected in the bottom of the second inning. Barrett protested the call by heaving plastic water containers onto the field, and also was thrown out of the game. It was his last game for the Red Sox and he was released following the season.

Barrett signed with the San Diego Padres in 1991. In his National League debut he was called upon as a pinch hitter to face the San Francisco Giants' Dave Righetti, with two outs in the ninth inning. Barrett, not known for his power stroke, hit the ball into the left field stands for a three-run home run. He would only appear in 11 more games with the Padres, the same knee injury that he had suffered in 1989 ending his career.

title: Marty Barrett (second baseman)


text:
Qatgani

The Qatgani or Qataghani is a horse breed from the former Qataghan province of Afghanistan. It is one of twelve Afghan horse breeds reported to the DAD-IS database of livestock breeds.

The Uzbek mounted raiders of the warlord Abdul Rashid Dostum, who in early 2001 harried the Taliban forces in the Darya Suf valley of north-east Afghanistan, rode Qatgani horses.

title: Qatgani


text:
Sayce

Sayce is a surname, and may refer to:

 * Archibald Sayce (1846–1933), British linguist and Assyriologist
 * Conrad Sayce, Australian architect and author
 * Lynda Sayce, British musician
 * Philip Sayce (born 1976), Canadian musician
 * Richard Sayce (1917–1977), British academic in French literature

title: Sayce


text:
Public Image: First Issue

Public Image: First Issue is the debut studio album by English rock band Public Image Ltd, released in 1978 by record label Virgin.

It is considered one of the pioneering records in the development of post-punk.

"Public Image"
"Public Image", the debut single, was recorded first. Recording started on a Monday in mid-July 1978 (most probably 10 or 17 July) at Advision Studios with engineer John Leckie and assistant engineer Kenneth Vaughan Thomas. For mixing and overdubs, the band then went into Wessex Studios with engineer Bill Price and assistant engineer Jeremy Green.
 * John Leckie (engineer, 2003): "I [...] came down Monday morning from The Manor after a few hours' sleep to Advision Studios, a studio I hadn't worked in before [...] I engineered the session [...] Keith Levene took the multi-track tape home that night and came in the next day having forgotten it and accused me of stealing it! The track was pretty much a live take with Levene's guitar double-tracked. John Lydon did his vocal through a Space Echo, dub-style. I did a rough mix and went home. The next day the band never showed up and my rough mix was the record. I got no credit but Richard Branson did give me £250! It wasn't stressful, just a lot of fun!"
 * Bill Price (engineer, 2008): "They'd recorded it and he wasn't quite happy, so he came to me to mix and do overdubs. Johnny was nominally in charge but he would look over his shoulder and ask Jah 'Is this the right direction?'"

On Saturday, 22 July 1978, the music press reported that the band had been in the recording studio; the following week, Virgin Records announced that PiL's debut single would be released on 8 September 1978.

"Theme", "Religion", "Annalisa"
The entire first side of the record was recorded in the autumn of 1978 at Townhouse Studios and The Manor Studio with engineer Mick Glossop.

"Low Life", "Attack", "Fodderstompf"
The last three songs on the second side were recorded at Gooseberry Sound Studios, a cheap reggae studio used because the band had run out of money, with engineer Mark Lusardi and assistant engineer Jon Caffery. Lydon knew the studio from the recording of Sex Pistols demos in January 1977.

By late September 1978, the recording of the album was finished. The band had briefly considered including an alternative version of "Public Image" with different lyrics on the album, a plan that was finally rejected.

In November or December 1978, Wobble and Levene returned to Gooseberry Sound Studios to record a 12-inch EP, Steel Leg V. the Electric Dread, with guest vocalists Vince Bracken and Don Letts.

Final mix of the album
For the final mix of the album tracks, the band returned to Townhouse Studios with Glossop, who remembers: "I do remember working on those other three [Gooseberry Studio] tracks, but I can't remember exactly what I did – probably mixing."

Content
"Theme":
 * John Lydon (1978): "Didn't you ever have that feeling when you get up with a hangover, and you look at the world and think 'Count me out, I'd rather die!'?"
 * Keith Levene (2001): "'Theme' came together because Wobble had this bassline and there was Jim playing and me doing that, and I fucking got it off on the first go. By the time we recorded it, which was probably the third time we played it, that was where it was at. It went down well in gigs and we loved the tune. John made the lyrics up as he went along or he had them stashed secretly [...] He came up with a lot of stuff just perfectly, like what he did with 'Theme'. He did it the first time and it was perfect."

"Religion I":
 * Keith Levene (2001): "Putting 'Religion' on the album with just vocals, I just did that as a producer. I thought that this had to be done so I said 'Run it off, John' and I just recorded it. That was a cool idea."

"Religion II":
 * Sid Vicious (1978): On new songs: "Yeah, we've got one about God, and it's a real attack. It is a real attack. And it's played to the Death March."
 * John Lydon (1978/89/92/94): "A putdown of what they have made religion into. I started writing that song in the States." "When I showed Sid, Paul and Steve the lyrics to 'Religion' on the bus, their only response was 'Whoa!' [...] We had a very long wait at the San Antonio gig when we got there very early. I wanted them to listen to what I was doing, but they wouldn't have it under any circumstances. I knew it was over with Steve and Paul from that point onward". "There's one picture from America where we're all sitting on the stage, and Sid's got the bass and I'm pointing, and Steve's sitting behind. That was 'Religion', and they wouldn't touch it: 'It's vile, can't do that, people won't like us', haha!" "Malcolm said 'Ooh no, that's bad for the image, can't do things like that!'"
 * Joe Stevens (Sex Pistols tour photographer, 2011): "They needed to write some new songs and deliver them to the record label. They had a crack at writing 'Sod in Heaven' but it wasn't happening."
 * Paul Cook (1988): (When asked: "Did you rehearse 'Religion'?") "No. there was an idea, John wanted to write a song about that but never got round to it."
 * Keith Levene (2001): "With 'Religion', we made up this tune and told him to sing the lyrics over it [...] He had the words but he didn't know how the tune was going to go."
 * Jah Wobble (2012): "I think Lydon had the words for 'Religion' already, I ended up not liking the song [...] I don't like the sensibility behind 'Religion', I don't like religion getting knocked per se. [...] I wasn't mad on the mix either, it tries a bit too hard. It's just my taste, so I think it's rather turgid that song, it's my least favourite. Keith likes it though."

"Annalisa":
 * John Lydon (1978): "[It's] about these silly fucking parents of this girl who believed she was possessed by the devil, so they starved her to death."
 * Jim Walker (2007): "At The Manor we wanted a live drum sound, and so we had to use the old billiard room. It was set up so it was just me and Rotten eye to eye, as I drummed and he sang."

"Public Image":
 * John Lydon (1978): "'Public Image', despite what most of the press seemed to misinterpret it to be, is not about the fans at all, it's a slagging of the group I used to be in. It's what I went through from my own group. They never bothered to listen to what I was fucking singing, they don't even know the words to my songs. They never bothered to listen, it was like 'Here's a tune, write some words to it.' So I did. They never questioned it. I found that offensive, it meant I was literally wasting my time, cos if you ain't working with people that are on the same level then you ain't doing anything. The rest of the band and Malcolm never bothered to find out if I could sing, they just took me as an image. It was as basic as that, they really were as dull as that. After a year of it they were going 'Why don't you have your hair this colour this year?' And I was going 'Oh God, a brick wall, I'm fighting a brick wall!' They don't understand even now."
 * Jah Wobble (2009/12): "Indeed the first bassline that I ever presented to John and Keith [...] It had been the first song that we had worked on in the rehearsals." "It's the open E string with an interval to the B which I always really like, that was first ever proper b-line I wrote. I made that up at home and took it into the studio and we finished it off there. There was another bass line at the beginning which I'm not sure if it got used, it might have kind of got turned into 'Religion'."

"Low Life":
 * John Lydon (1978/99): "Malcolm McLaren the bourgeoisie anarchist – that about sums him up!" "'Low Life' is about Sid and how he turned into the worst kind of rock 'n' roll star."
 * Keith Levene (2001/07): "There was this guy that was an old mate of John's (...) This guy, [fashion designer] Kenny MacDonald, made his suit and all of ours, and it made him look good to have the guys from PiL wearing his stuff (...) He wouldn't be his lapdog, and John thought he was a star and wanted that. John named him on our first album on 'Low Life'." "That song was about Malcolm McLaren in theory, but at one point I think it was about [Lydon's schoolfriend] John Gray. Lydon's usually got the hump with someone, and he usually writes with someone in mind, someone he's not too happy with."
 * Jah Wobble (2009): "It's kind of rock, but with a weird feel."

"Fodderstompf":
 * John Lydon (1978): "You should've seen Branson's face when he heard that, he was furious!"
 * Jim Walker (2001): "Not even a song just a wank, ripping off our fans. It still turns my stomach thinking about it."
 * Tony Dale (roadie, 2004): "It's mostly Wobble on the track, as you probably realise, with his Northern falsetto, wise-cracks, and fire-extinguisher antics. [...] I remember Wobble coming in[to the control room] for the cigarettes. It's the engineer [Mark Lusardi] who's 'Suspicious', not me, I am accused of not realising that 'Love makes the world go around'."
 * Jah Wobble (2005/09): "In its own way, it's as mental as Funkadelic. And it had the perfect funk bassline." "Keith didn't make it down for the initial recording of that track, so it was just me, John and Jim."

Related tracks
"The Cowboy Song" (single B-side):
 * John Lydon (1978): "You can dance to that song, and it cost us approximately £1 to make. It's just a jolly good disco record and it came about cos we were bored and couldn't think of a B-side."
 * Jim Walker (2001/07): "The thing was, I'd come up with the idea for that song one morning. I was trying to rip off the theme song for Bonanza." "We all sat around the mic drunk, did two takes, screaming randomly."

"You Stupid Person" (unreleased instrumental demo):
 * Jah Wobble (1999/2007): "It was an instrumental from when we very first started, when Jim Walker was on drums. That was really good." "That was a good one, a really strong song."
 * Jim Walker (2001): "Once during a break I stayed on my kit, you know, fooling around, when suddenly Keith jumped up and shouted to me to repeat whatever it was that I'd been playing. It was just some hi-hat thing. I'd always focused on developing my left hand side, in other words my hi-hat side. Anyway, I repeated it. Wobble instinctively came up with the perfect bassline part. Then Keith, who had heard exactly what he wanted through the thing I'd started, played the most blistering guitar part I think I ever heard him play. That was how PiL wrote: through the subconscious. That song ended up being named 'You Stupid Person'. It was meant to be our second single. [...] It was actually a lot better than 'Public Image'. It would have been impossible to keep from being a number one hit, and probably would have broke us in America all by itself. We managed to demo it, I've still got a copy."
 * John Lydon (2004): "I don't know what he's talking about [...] I don't know what he's quite on about."

"Steel Leg V. the Electric Dread":
 * Jah Wobble (1988/2009): "I also released 'Steel Leg V. the Electric Dread', another 12-inch with Keith Levene on guitars and Vince, a mate from Hackney, on vocals. He thought he was going to be a millionaire but it was only like a session fee. I gave him a ton (£100) which weren't bad money in the late '70s". "Keith played drums on that. The extra money came in really handy. To be honest it was a pisstake record in the same way that 'Fodderstompf' was a pisstake track, you only have to listen to Vince's side to realise that."
 * Don Letts (guest vocalist, 2007): "Keith Levene and Jah Wobble needed some money, so they ended up making a single for Virgin Records called 'Steel Leg V. The Electric Dread'. They got me down to the studio to work on some vocals, even though I had never sung in my life. I remember sitting on the stairs with a microphone trying to write some words. Eventually I said to them 'Okay guys, I'll go home and work out some lyrics.' I never heard back from them, and the next thing I knew there was a record out. They had used my demo vocals and stuck them on the track! [...] It was a crap record, and I look back and laugh about all this stuff now." "I didn't even know they were recording me. I went into some basement toilet just to mumble some lyrics into a mic and hear what they sound like [...] Then I'm waiting to get a call to do the record, and the next thing I heard is they've played with my voice a bit, stuck a track under it and put the whole thing out as a finished record. I was a little bit pissed off to tell you the truth, because I thought we'd finish it properly."

"Public Image" promo video
In August 1978, a promotional video for the upcoming single "Public Image" was shot by Peter Clifton's production company Notting Hill Studio Limited, which had just completed The Punk Rock Movie.
 * Peter Clifton (video producer, 2006): "They formed Public Image and hired me and Don Letts to shoot their first video clip for Virgin. I hired a theatre in Fulham and dressed the band up on stage with garbage bags as a backdrop, and Richard Branson, the owner of Virgin, came down to witness the filming. There was a quiet lull in the middle of one of the takes, and Sid Vicious screamed at the top of his voice 'Peter Clifton, where's the 200 quid you owe me?'"
 * Don Letts (video director, 2007): "Before the PiL promo, I was Don Letts, DJ at the Roxy, dread with a camera. All of a sudden I had a film crew and a 16 mm camera. The promo was shot at a studio in Olympia and I was making the shit up as I went along, having never been to film school. The video suited PiL's mood, being totally anti-celebrity, it showed them playing in a dimly-lit studio. Because it was John's band, I naively decided people just wanted to see him – due to my total inexperience I went for the safe option. It is just John's dynamics that give the video any substance whatsoever. It was a very intense and dark performance [...] I have made near enough 400 promo videos in my time. My first was for PiL. They chose me as they did not want to use boring old farts, and we had a good relationship."
 * John Lydon (1978): "The promotional film was made and paid for by ourselves out of our advance. Virgin weren't interested."

The promo video was released on 15 September 1978 and shown on British TV twice in October 1978. In December 1986, it was released on VHS, and on DVD in October 2005.

Cancelled American release
On 9 February 1979, Warner Bros. Recording Studios in North Hollywood manufactured a test pressing of the album for PiL's American label, Warner Bros. Records. The album's sound was considered too non-commercial for an American release, and PiL were asked to re-record parts of it. Although the band recorded new versions of some tracks between March and May 1979, the album was never released in the USA. However, in 1980 Warner Bros. released the song "Public Image" on the compilation album Troublemakers, the only album track released in the USA until the 2013 release of the entire album.

The re-recorded version of "Fodderstompf" was released under the title "Megga Mix" as the B-side of the "Death Disco" 12" single (29 June 1979). The track was later included on the PiL compilations Plastic Box (1999) and Metal Box: Super Deluxe Edition (2016); to date, it is the only track from the February 1979 First Issue re-recording sessions to be officially released.

On 18 June 2013, the album was finally officially released in the US via Light in the Attic Records.

Reception
In 1979, NME reported that a court in Malta had halted sales of the album because the lyrics of "Religion" offended public morals and decency.

Upon its release, Public Image: First Issue received a 2- (out of 5) star review in Sounds. Reviewer Pete Silverton said that the single is the "Only wholly worthwhile track on the album." He dubbed the rest of the songs as "morbid directionless sounds with Rotten's poetry running just behind it." Nick Kent of NME was similarly negative, quipping that "unfortunately the 'image', public or otherwise, is a good deal less limited than many of the more practical factors involved in this venture."

However, the album is now considered a groundbreaking post-punk classic. AllMusic critic Uncle Dave Lewis stated that the record "helped set the pace" for the post-punk genre, adding that it was "among a select few 1978 albums that had something lasting to say about the future of rock music." Pitchfork's Stuart Berman wrote, "First Issue's industrial-strength stompers anticipate the scabrous art-punk of the Jesus Lizard and Slint, while Levene's guitar curlicues on 'Public Image' are the stuff Daydream Nations are made of." Public Image: First Issue is, along with Metal Box, included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.

Personnel

 * Public Image Limited
 * John Lydon – vocals, piano
 * Keith Levene – guitar, synthesiser
 * Jah Wobble – bass, vocals and fire extinguisher on "Fodderstompf"
 * Jim Walker – drums

title: Public Image: First Issue


text:
Priob

The Priob or Ob (Приобская, Priobskaya) is an endangered Russian breed of small horse from the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, in Tyumen Oblast in the Russian Federation. It is distributed in the area of the Irtysh and lower Ob Rivers in western Siberia, and is a traditional breed of the indigenous people of that area, who used it for agriculture, for draft work, for forestry, and as a pack-horse.

History
The Priob is a traditional breed of the indigenous peoples of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. It was formerly known as the Ostyak-Vogul, from an older name for the okrug, Ostyak-Vogul National Okrug. It was also known by locals to the Narym Territory as the Narym horse (Нарымка, Narymka), and by the Mansi and Khanty people as the Vogulka horse (Вогулка, Vogulka).

In 2007 the FAO listed the conservation status of the breed, based on data reported to the DAD-IS database, as "endangered".

Characteristics
The conformation of the Priob is similar to that of the Narym and Yakut breeds of Siberia, but it is slightly larger. It may be either bay, or dun with primitive markings – a dorsal stripe, and zebra bars on the legs. It is hardy, fertile and long-lived, and is well adapted to the climatic conditions of the western Siberian plain, where the winters may be very harsh.

Use
The traditional uses of the Priob were in agriculture, for draft work, in forestry, and as a pack-horse.

In the twentieth century, under the Soviet régime, some use was made of it for cross-breeding with the Estonian Native.

title: Priob


text:
Pace plc

Pace plc was a British company which developed set-top boxes (STBs), advanced residential gateways, software and services for the pay-TV and broadband services industry. Pace's customers included cable, telco, satellite and IPTV operators. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange until December 2015, when the company received the last of the regulatory clearances needed to allow a merger with Arris Group to proceed. In 2019, Arris was subsequently acquired by network infrastructure provider CommScope.

History
The company was founded by Yorkshire born businessmen Barry Rubery, David Hood and Robert Fleming in 1982, taking the name Pace Micro Supplies in 1983, eventually being renamed to Pace Micro Technology plc in 1987. It introduced the first low cost commercially available modems in 1985. In 1987, it started selling its first analogue satellite set top receivers. In 1996, it introduced the world's first DVB decoders, for Australian satellite company Galaxy.

Pace was floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1996. In 1998, the company started shipping digital satellite television equipment for BSkyB. In January 1999, Pace purchased the set top box division of Acorn Computers, and converted it into its office in Cambridge. In the following years, Pace owned the operating system RISC OS, and used technologies based on it in its decoder equipment. The office in Cambridge was closed in March 2003. With Pace focusing on the digital television market, Pace's modem business had been separated from the parent company as the result of a management buy-out, but this new company, PMC Electronics, was placed into receivership in August 1999.

Pace started delivering products to Comcast in the United States in June 2000; the company also delivers to AT&T and DirecTV. In 2001, Pace announced that it was outsourcing the last of the manufacturing capacity which remained at its location in Saltaire: the head office was reduced to an administration and development centre.

In March 2002, Pace became the first company to market free-to-view personal video recorders (PVRs). In February 2005, Pace in conjunction with Australian subscription television provider Foxtel launched the first DVB-C PVR. In April 2006, Neil Gaydon became CEO, taking over from John Dyson, and Mike McTighe became the chairman, taking over from Sir Michael Bett.

In April 2008, Pace acquired the 'Set-Top Box and Connectivity Solutions' division of Royal Philips Electronics, approximately doubling the size of the company. In May 2008, Pace changed its name from Pace Micro Technology plc to Pace plc.

In July 2010, Pace acquired home networking equipment maker 2Wire, which was based in the United States, IP and Cable specialist, Bewan Systems SA and pay television software specialist, Latens Systems. In June 2011, Allan Leighton became chairman. In December 2011, Neil Gaydon was replaced as CEO by Mike Pulli, formerly president of Pace Americas

A significant milestone was reached in 2012, when Pace sold its one hundred millionth digital set top box. In January 2014, Pace completed the acquisition of Aurora Networks, a leading developer and manufacturer of advanced, next generation optical transport and access network solutions for broadband networks.

On 22 April 2015, the Boards of Pace and Arris Group announced that they had reached agreement on the terms of a recommended combination of Pace with Arris, in a stock and cash deal that valued Pace at UKP £1.4Bn (US$2.1Bn). The combination was conditional on, amongst other things, shareholder approval from both Pace and Arris shareholders and also the receipt of merger control clearances in a number of jurisdictions including Brazil, Colombia, Germany, Portugal, South Africa and the United States.

The company received the last of the regulatory clearances needed to allow the merger to proceed in December 2015. The acquisition was completed on 4 January 2016. The resultant combined group is incorporated in the United Kingdom, but operationally managed from the United States, and is owned 24% by Pace shareholders and 76% by Arris shareholders.

Operations
Pace's head office is in Saltaire, near Bradford in West Yorkshire. It occupies a large proportion of the Victorian textile mill complex called Salt's Mill. The company has major operations in the United States, France and India, as well as the United Kingdom HQ.

Customers
The company's customers include:

 * Armstrong – United States
 * Astro (satellite TV) – Malaysia
 * AT&T Inc. – United States
 * Bell Canada – Canada
 * beIN Media Group – Middle East and North Africa
 * Cablevisión (Argentina) – Argentina
 * Canal+ – France
 * Charter – United States
 * Cogeco – Canada
 * Comcast – United States
 * Cyfra+ – Poland
 * DirecTV – United States
 * Foxtel – Australia
 * Get – Norway
 * Vivo - Brazil
 * Liberty Global – Europe
 * Mediacom – United States
 * MultiChoice Africa – South Africa and rest of Africa
 * NET – Brazil
 * NOVA Greece – Greece
 * SingTel – Singapore
 * Sky – United Kingdom
 * Sky Deutschland – Germany
 * SKY Italia – Italy
 * SKY Network Television – New Zealand
 * Sonic.net - United States
 * Tata Sky – India
 * Telefónica – Latin America
 * Telstra – Australia
 * UPC Netherlands – Netherlands
 * Viasat – Scandinavia and the Baltics
 * ZON – Portugal
 * TrueVision - thailand

title: Pace plc


text:
Talk:Public Image: First Issue

Fair use rationale for Image:PiLFirstIssue.jpg
Image:PiLFirstIssue.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 09:18, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

The proper title
Why is it entitled "First Issue"? The wording of "first issue" is simply a part of the design (sort of a bulletin); besides the CD edition specifically gives the names of both the band and album as "Public Image" 'Public Image'. Hence it seems it should be just "Public Image". --Klaus Bertow 04:39, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

Why quote some bloke from the Rapture? Why not ask Gary Barlow what he thinks too?

Quotations
The quotations could be used in wikiquote instead. What do you think ? Elfast (talk) 18:33, 17 March 2020 (UTC)

The title of "First Issue"
In response to the comment above, the album is indeed titled "Public Image" by "Public Image Limited" but has always been widely referred to as "First Issue". The spine of the original vinyl does not show "First Issue" as the title but "Public Image" and the labels do not contain "First Issue" either. It's worth noting that the single from the album had the same title which may be part of the explanation. Thelisteninghand (talk) 15:40, 17 November 2020 (UTC)

Wobble is wrong - cite
Fodderstompf: Keith Levene is on the track - the credits include synthesiser - audible on the track, so what Wobble says is not possible. Furthermore you can hear Keith's voice in the vocals and no Canadian accent is present. I know the citation in 'Memoirs of a Geezer' but Wobble's memory is dodgy - again the synth credit contradicts his statement. Thelisteninghand (talk) 17:27, 26 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Public Image: First Issue


text:
Shirt-sleeve environment

"Shirt-sleeve environment" is a term used in aircraft design to describe the interior of an aircraft in which no special clothing need be worn. Early aircraft had no internal pressurization, so the crews of those that reached the stratosphere had to be garbed to withstand the low temperature and pressure of the air outside. Respirator masks needed to cover the mouth and nose. Silk socks were worn to retain heat. Sometimes leather clothing, such as boots, were electrically heated. When jet fighter aircraft reached still higher altitudes, something similar to a space suit had to be worn, and pilots of the highest reconnaissance aircraft wore real space suits.

Commercial jet airliners fly in the stratosphere, but because they are pressurized, they could be said to have a shirt-sleeve environment. Crews of the US Apollo spacecraft always began the flight phases of launch, docking, and re-entry in space suits, although they could remove them for many hours. The Soviets tried to perfect this to save weight. This worked well, until an accidental depressurization on entry resulted in the deaths of an entire Soyuz crew. Protocols were changed shortly thereafter to require at least partial spacesuits. Early Soyuz spacecraft had no provision for space suits in the re-entry module, although the orbital module was intended for use as an airlock. Thus these operated in a shirt-sleeve environment except for spacewalks.

This term is also used in science fiction to describe an alien planet with an atmosphere breathable by humans without special equipment.

The Space Shuttle's Spacelab Habitable module was an area with expanded volume for astronauts to work in a shirt sleeve environment and had space for equipment racks and related support equipment for operations in Low Earth orbit.

One of the goals for MOLAB rover was to achieve a shirt-sleeve environment (compared to a lunar rover which was open to space and required the use of space suits to operate). One of the considerations was the habitable volume that could be occupied.

title: Shirt-sleeve environment


text:
Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland)

The Professional Golfers' Association (PGA) is the professional body which represents the interests of teaching and club golf professionals in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. It was established in 1901 and is based at The Belfry near Birmingham, England. It has a membership of over 7,500 professionals with 1,500 working overseas in more than 70 countries worldwide. Since 2017 the chairman of the board has been Alan White, club professional at Lanark Golf Club.

It is one of many Professional Golfers Associations around the world, but has no territorial designation in its name because it was the first in the world to be founded. For many years it was a combined organisation for club professionals and tournament professionals, but when the two branches of the golfing profession diverged due to the increasing financial rewards available to leading tournament golfers, it split in two. A separate Tournament Division with its headquarters at Wentworth Club was established in the 1970s, and in 1984 this became the independent PGA European Tour.

Its activities include the training of assistant professionals and the continuing education of members; the organisation of golf tournaments, including tournaments for its members such as the PGA Cup, contested between Great Britain and Ireland, and the Ryder Cup organized in conjunction with the Professional Golfers Association of America; the promotion of pro-am golf tournaments and amateur golf, which provide work for its members; and the promotion of junior golf. The PGA, on behalf of the sport of golf, also leads on the development of coach education and training. A full review of the existing coach education structure, following guidance from the quality standards of the UK Coaching Certificate, has led to the establishment of a new, coach-centered education system that meets the needs of coaches and, ultimately, players.

Regions
The PGA is divided into seven regional sections and a dedicated women's section (the WPGA), each of which has its own headquarters and organises its own tournaments: The PGA also has an international community for members outside Great Britain and Ireland.
 * East (England)
 * Midlands (England)
 * North (Northern England, North Wales and the Isle of Man)
 * South (Southern England and the Channel Islands)
 * West (West of England and South Wales)
 * Scotland
 * Ireland

All students who go through the three-year course and succeed in passing the comprehensive examinations at the end of that period are then known as PGA Professionals and are able to teach and work within the golf industry anywhere in the world. The Professional Golfers' Association qualification (Foundation Degree in Professional Golf Studies) is recognised as one of the most prestigious golfing qualifications in the world. For information on how to become a PGA professional see on the official site. A second route into the PGA is via a three-year BA Hons Degree in Applied Golf Management Studies at the University of Birmingham. The AGMS is the first degree of its kind in the UK and is ideal for golfers interested in pursuing senior managerial roles in golf.

History
It was a letter from a North Wales pro in Golf Illustrated on 12 April 1901 that triggered the idea of a professional golfers' association, advocating that pros needed to band together to protect their interests.

Within months the leading players of the day, led by the legendary J.H. Taylor had galvanised enough support to form the London and Counties Professional Golfers' Association. The formation of the association was announced in The Times on 9 August 1901. Arthur Balfour consented to be the president of the association. The association had already announced its first competition, to be held at Tooting Bec Golf Club, Furzedown on 8 October. The event was delayed by a week and was played on 15 October. The Tooting Bec Club donated a "silver challenge cup" to be awarded to the winner. Of the 50 members who entered 46 played, the tournament being over 36 holes of stroke play.

The name of the association was changed at the first AGM on 2 December 1901 to The Professional Golfers' Association. Membership was reported as 59 professionals with 11 assistants and funds of just over £47. The golfing landscape in those early days was very different to the modern game with pros, even the very best like Taylor, Vardon and Braid, earning a living from club duties, club and ball-making, green-keeping, teaching here and there and of course competing in tournaments.

A separate Northern Counties Professional Golfers' Association was formed as a result of a meeting in Leeds on 9 January 1902. At a subsequent meeting, also in Leeds, on 24 March 1902 it was decided that, subject to certain conditions, it would amalgamate with the London-based Professional Golfers' Association and become the northern section of the new enlarged association. The same meeting also agreed to accept an offer from the Leeds Golf Club to host a tournament on 6 May at which the club would provide a prize. This prize became the Leeds Cup.

Administration and organisation of the PGA took a big step forward with the appointment of Commander Roe as secretary in 1934.

He was at the helm for 28 years and under his leadership regulated membership, improved the quality of tournaments, balanced the books and generally endeavoured to promote an increase in the number of people playing the game.

During the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, the advent of the Ryder Cup, new golf heroes such as Walter Hagen, Gene Sarazen and Henry Cotton, all helped golf's popularity and reinforced the PGA's position as a leading golf organisation.

As the tournament circuit flourished in the late 1960s and 1970s, the PGA Tournament Division went from strength to strength, ultimately going on to form the European Tour in 1984, while the interests of the club professional continued to be represented by the Association at its Belfry headquarters.

During the 1960s and 1970s, the PGA rejuvenated its training and education programme, something it has continued to the present day with assistant professionals now graduating with foundation degrees and honours degrees covering all aspects of golf – from playing and coaching through to golf business and marketing.

The PGA has strong links to Europe as a member of the PGAs of Europe and is committed to growing the game and helping ordinary golfers enjoy the game to its maximum.


text:
Retuinskih's System ROSS

Retuinskih System ROSS (РОСС, short for Росси́йская Оте́чественная Систе́ма Самозащи́ты; English transliteration: Rossiyskaya Otechestvennaya Sistema Samozashchity; translated as Russian Native System of Self-Defense) is a martial system trademarked by Alexander Retuinskih related to Systema. ROSS is its official name given by the All-Russian Federation of Russian Martial Arts (RFRMA). It is conceived more as a methodology of performance enhancement for combat, applicable to any martial art, rather than a closed system.

Retuinskih's experience includes being a USSR boxing and Combat Sambo champion, and a Sambo and judo Master of Sports champion, as well as being the partner to Alexey Kadochnikov in Kadochnikov's Systema until their separation in 1991.

In 1991, Alexander Retuinskih patented Rossijskaya Otechestvennaya Systema Samozashchity or in acronym, R.O.S.S., "Russian Native System of Self-defense." ... The ROSS educational system was patented as "Know-How" (registered with the State enterprise "Informpatent" Committee of the Russian Federation by patent and trademark of April 4, 1991).

Russian Martial Art R.O.S.S. gained its first appearance and proliferation due to the efforts of USA National Sambo Team Coach and Champion Scott Sonnon, most notably in the 1999 Special "Russian Martial Arts" Edition issue of World of Martial Arts Magazine

In 2007, Alexander Retuinskih was voted one of the "100 Most Influential People in Russia".

title: Retuinskih's System ROSS


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shunde

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was speedy delete - RedWordSmith 06:06, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Shunde
Nonsense, speedy delete? Ganymead 04:27, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Contents is "shunde". Well it might have been someone starting an article, they only had a couple of minutes. Anyway you can use a tag on them, don't need to Vfd. Kappa 04:34, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, empty article. Megan1967 05:36, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, empty article. Jonathunder 05:53, 2005 Feb 19 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shunde


text:
Yili horse

The Yili is a small horse from the north-western Xinjiang region of China.

Characteristics
They are compact in conformation with a light head and straight profile. The withers are well pronounced and the back is short and strong, though the loin is long. The legs are clean. Yili horses are normally bay, chestnut, black or gray and are an average height of 14 hands high.

Breed history
Yili horses originated around 1900 from Russian breeds (Kazakh Horses) crossed with Mongolian stock from Inner Mongolei. Don, and Don-Thoroughbred crosses as well as Orlov Trotters were used from 1936 on to improve the native horses. In 1963 the decision was made to aim for a draft-type horse.

Uses
Yili horses are used for riding and driving, and also bred for their meat and milk.

title: Yili horse


text:
Autistic Pride Day

Autistic Pride Day is a pride celebration for autistic people held on 18 June each year. Autistic pride recognises the importance of pride for autistic people and its role in bringing about positive changes in the broader society.

Although Autistic Pride Day is 18 June, pride events are often held on the nearest weekend for logistical reasons, or at any other time.

Concept
Organisations around the world celebrate Autistic Pride Day with events to connect with one another, and demonstrate to allistic people (those not on the autism spectrum) that autistic people are unique individuals who should not be seen as cases for treatment.

Autistic pride points out that autistic people have always been an important part of human society. Being autistic is a form of neurodiversity. As with all forms of neurodiversity, most of the challenges autistic people face come from other people's attitudes about autism and a lack of supports and accommodations (ableism), rather than being essential to the autistic condition. For instance, according to Larry Arnold and Gwen Nelson, many autism-related organizations promote feelings of pity for parents, rather than fostering understanding. Autistic activists have contributed to a shift in attitudes away from the notion that autism is a deviation from the norm that must be treated or cured. Autistic self-advocacy organizations, which are led and run by autistic people, are a key force in the movement for autistic acceptance and autistic pride.

Joseph Redford, an organiser for Autistic Pride at London's Hyde Park, stated in a speech that the concept of autistic pride is not about a single day or event: "For individuals, Autistic Pride doesn't necessarily need to take the form of public events. The organiser of Inverness Autistic Pride, Kabie Brook, told me that she celebrated Autistic Pride day by taking a walk in the park with her family. And enjoying herself. Openly stimming, or vocalising or expressing yourself in your own body language is an example of Autistic Pride in Action. Standing up and passionately defending your own truth, regardless of convention or tone, or social dynamics even if it goes completely against the grain, or others consider it minor or pedantic, is Autistic Pride in Action. Seeking knowledge according to your own logic is Autistic Pride in Action. Completely breaking social rules, if it doesn't cause harm, is Autistic Pride in Action. Demanding to be treated with the same respect and dignity as others is Autistic Pride in Action. Walking away from something if you can't handle it is Autistic Pride in Action."

Origin
Autistic Pride Day was first celebrated in 2005 by Aspies For Freedom (AFF), who selected 18 June because it was the birthday of the youngest member of the group at that time. AFF modelled the celebration on the gay pride movement. According to Kabie Brook, the co-founder of Autism Rights Group Highland (ARGH), "the most important thing to note about the day is that it is an autistic community event: it originated from and is still led by autistic people ourselves", i.e. it is not a day for other charities or organisations to promote themselves or stifle autistic people. The rainbow infinity symbol is used as the symbol of this day, representing "diversity with infinite variations and infinite possibilities". New Scientist magazine released an article entitled "Autistic and proud" on the first Autistic Pride Day that discussed the idea.

Development
As autistic pride has continued to develop, autistic advocates have become increasingly professionalised, with Autistic Pride Reading incorporating as a charity in 2018, and holding a pride event which attracted over 700 people.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, with physical events impossible, autistic advocates collaborated under the Autistic Pride Alliance to create an Autistic Pride Online Celebration which hosted speakers from four continents. Autistic Pride Day 2020 was an eleven-hour marathon that was hosted on YouTube and the event was repeated in 2021.

Events
There have been a number of Autistic Pride Day events hosted over the years to promote the self-affirmation, identity, dignity and equality of autistic people around the world. Most events happen during the summer months between June and August.

title: Autistic Pride Day


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dimitri

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 16:04, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Dimitri
Only three hits on Google, in Dutch (I assume). Not noteworthy. Delete.-gadfium 04:31, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete. Crap. Can't figure out why this article is at "Dimitri" though. -R. fiend 06:20, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I originally marked this speedy on patent nonsense grounds but Gadfium made this VfD instead. In any case, delete. --JuntungWu 08:16, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Looks like a hoax. jni 09:42, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dimitri


text:
User:Romanagiulia

M. Romana Bertolotti

Brief History
I have been teaching in one capacity or another for over ten years. I joined Teaching Matters in 1997. See below for more.

Currently
A Project Manager with 10+ years of quantifiable success developing and implementing powerful education instructional and classroom management skills. Strengths include high levels of success coaching and managing resources in an educational environment, adhering to budgets, fulfilling requirements, providing assessments and improvements for coaching. An insightful, organized and focused team member with a strong commitment to curricular goals, producing measurable results and the ability to manage multiple projects simultaneously, while working in a demanding, fast paced environment. Results consistently produce time and cost savings while encouraging an inclusive, open environment.

Currently, Project Manager for DNPS Parent Fairs. Organized a series of nine parent fairs in varying venues in New York City such as the Museum of Moving Image, Fordham University, NY Hall of Science and others for the Division of Nonpublic Schools, allowing parents to be updated on the academic help their children are receiving as part of Title I services.

As a senior TMI educational consultant (17+ years), I have been working directly with teachers in Reading, Science, ESL and Social Studies to help integrate technology into their curriculum. I have 11+ years college teaching experience and have demonstrated pedagogic philosophy and skills. I have created curriculum, designed and modeled lesson plans for classroom instruction in all content areas. For example, I am one of Teaching Matters’ lead instructors for their proprietary writing curriculum, Writing Matters, in English and Spanish.

Academia
As soon as I received my Master's Degree in Media Ecology, I began adjuncting at New York University. My academic interests focus on mass media history, as well as film, gender, culture and language.

I teach two courses at NYU: History of Advertising & Pr and Critical Thinking. As if I didn't have enough time, I'm also teaching two courses at Marymount Manhattan College: history of mass media, with a strong focus on corporate ownership, advertising, and new media; and perspectives on communication theory focusing on mass communication, interpersonal and organizational communication.

This is the first Wiki that I've ever been involved with.

Contact Information
[mailto:romanagiulia@gmail.com email] my blog

title: User:Romanagiulia


text:
William Scovell Savory

Sir William Scovell Savory, 1st Baronet, (30 November 1826 – 4 March 1895) was a British surgeon.

Biography
He was born in London, the son of William Henry Savory, and his second wife, Mary Webb. He entered St Bartholomew's Hospital as a student in 1844, becoming M.R.C.S. in 1847, and F.R.C.S. in 1852. From 1849 to 1859 he was demonstrator of anatomy and operative surgery at St Bartholomew's, and for many years curator of the museum, where he devoted himself to pathological and physiological work. In June 1858 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society for his papers on "the structure and connections of the valves of the human heart – On the development of striated muscular fibre in Mammalia – Phil Trans 1855 [and] on the relative temperature of arterial and venous Blood".

In 1859 he succeeded Sir James Paget as lecturer on general anatomy and physiology. In 1861 he became assistant surgeon, and in 1867 surgeon, holding the latter post till 1891; and from 1869 to 1889 he was lecturer on surgery. In the College of Surgeons he was a man of the greatest influence, and was president for four successive years, 1885–1888. As Hunterian professor of comparative anatomy and physiology (1859–1861), he lectured on General Physiology and the Physiology of Food. In 1884 he delivered the Bradshaw Lecture (on the Pathology of Cancer) and in 1887 the Hunterian oration to the Royal College of Physicians. In 1879, at Cork, he had declared against Listerism at the meeting of the British Medical Association, the last public expression, it has been said, by a prominent surgeon against the now accepted method of modern surgery. In 1887 he became surgeon-extraordinary to Queen Victoria, and, in 1890 he was made a baronet. Savory, who was an able operator, but averse from exhibitions of brilliancy, was a powerful and authoritative man in his profession, his lucidity of expression being almost as valuable as his great knowledge of physiology and anatomy.

Personal life
He married, on 30 Nov 1854, Louisa Frances Borradaile (1821–1867). They had an only son, Sir Borradaile Savory, rector of St Bartholomew-the-Great, who succeeded him as second baronet. In 1884 he bought a country property called The Woodlands, Hollybush Hill, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire.

He died on the 4th March 1895 in London and was buried on the western side of Highgate Cemetery.

title: William Scovell Savory


text:
User:Chamaeleon/Monobook.css

rp, rt {color: gray;}

title: User:Chamaeleon/Monobook.css