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2001 in baseball

Major League Baseball

 * Regular Season Champions
 * World Series Champion – Arizona Diamondbacks
 * Postseason – October 9 to November 4

Click on any series score to link to that series' page.

Higher seed has home field advantage during Division Series and League Championship Series.

The National League Champion has home field advantage during the World Series as a result of the pre-2003 "alternating years" rule.

American League is seeded 1-3/2-4 as a result of the AL regular season champion (Seattle Mariners) and the AL wild card (Oakland Athletics) coming from the same division.

National League is seeded 1-3/2-4 as a result of the NL regular season champion (Houston Astros) and the NL wild card (St. Louis Cardinals) coming from the same division.
 * Postseason MVPs
 * World Series MVP – Randy Johnson and Curt Schilling
 * ALCS MVP – Andy Pettitte
 * NLCS MVP – Craig Counsell
 * All-Star Game, July 10 at Safeco Field: American League, 4–1; Cal Ripken Jr., MVP
 * Home Run Derby, July 9 – Luis Gonzalez, Arizona Diamondbacks

Other champions

 * Caribbean World Series: Águilas Cibaeñas (Dominican Republic)
 * College World Series: Miami (Florida)
 * Cuban National Series: Santiago de Cuba over Pinar del Río
 * European Champions: Netherlands over Russia (4–0)
 * European Cup: Neptunus (Netherlands) over San Marino (San Marino)
 * Japan Series: Yakult Swallows over Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes (4–1)
 * Korean Series: Doosan Bears over Samsung Lions (4–2)
 * Big League World Series: Westminster, California
 * Junior League World Series: Aiea, Hawaii
 * Little League World Series: Tokyo Kitasuna, Tokyo, Japan
 * Senior League World Series: Palm Harbor, Florida
 * Taiwan Series: Brother Elephants over Uni-President Lions

Awards and honors

 * Baseball Hall of Fame
 * Bill Mazeroski
 * Kirby Puckett
 * Dave Winfield
 * Hilton Smith
 * Most Valuable Player
 * Ichiro Suzuki, Seattle Mariners, OF (AL)
 * Barry Bonds, San Francisco Giants, OF (NL)
 * Cy Young Award
 * Roger Clemens, New York Yankees (AL)
 * Randy Johnson, Arizona Diamondbacks (NL)
 * Rookie of the Year
 * Ichiro Suzuki, Seattle Mariners, OF (AL)
 * Albert Pujols, St. Louis Cardinals, 3B (NL)
 * Manager of the Year Award
 * Lou Piniella, Seattle Mariners (AL)
 * Larry Bowa, Philadelphia Phillies (NL)
 * Woman Executive of the Year (major or minor league): (tie)
 * Lori Webb, Southern League
 * Lina McNabb, Fort Myers Miracle, Florida State League

MLB statistical leaders
1Major League single season home run record

Major League Baseball final standings

 * The asterisk denotes the club that won the wild card for its respective league.
 * Note: St. Louis and Houston finished the season tied, and Houston was awarded the division title due to winning their season series.
 * ** The Seattle Mariners break the single season record for most wins in the AL with 116.

January

 * January 16 – Outfielders Dave Winfield and Kirby Puckett are elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in their first year on the ballot.
 * January 22 – World Series standout Tommie Agee dies of a cardiac arrest in Manhattan at the age of 58. As the New York Mets center fielder, the 1966 AL Rookie of the Year made two memorable catches (saving possibly five runs) and hit a home run in a 5–0 Game Three victory over the Baltimore Orioles in the 1969 Fall Classic.
 * January 23 – The Northern League announced that it had awarded a franchise to Northwest Sports Ventures, later to be named the Gary SouthShore RailCats.
 * January 26 – Alex Rodriguez signs as a free agent with the Texas Rangers. The ten-year contract worth $252 million is the most lucrative contract in sports history. The deal is worth $63 million more than the second-richest baseball deal.

February

 * February 8 – The Dominican Republic defeats Mexico 5–3 to take its fourth Caribbean World Series title in five years.
 * February 11 – Three Rivers Stadium, the home of the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1970 to 2000, is imploded before thousands of onlookers. The team plays in new PNC Park this season.
 * February 20 – Atlanta Braves center fielder Andruw Jones wins a record $8.2 million contract in salary arbitration. The previous record of $7.25 million was set in 2000 by New York Yankees reliever Mariano Rivera.

March

 * March 6 – Second baseman Bill Mazeroski and Negro league pitcher Hilton Smith are elected to the Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee.
 * March 8 – The Baltimore Orioles announce that Albert Belle is "totally disabled and unable to perform as a major league baseball player" due to a severe case of degenerative arthritis of the right hip.
 * March 23 – A panel of veteran baseball writers, historians and executives selects a roster of the 100 Greatest Cleveland Indians Players, as part of the club's 100th Anniversary Celebration.
 * March 24 – One of Major League Baseball's more bizarre moments occurs in a Spring training game between the San Francisco Giants and the Arizona Diamondbacks. Randy Johnson is on the mound and pitches as a bird flies between the mound and the plate.  The ball hits the bird in an "explosion of feathers" that kills the bird.  The official call is a "no pitch".

April

 * April 4:
 * Hideo Nomo hurls a 3–0 no-hitter against the Baltimore Orioles in his Boston Red Sox debut. It is Nomo's second career no-hitter, making him the fourth pitcher in history to hurl one in both the NL and the AL. It is also the earliest no-hitter, by date, in major league history, as well as the first by a Red Sox pitcher since Dave Morehead's gem in 1965.
 * Carlos Delgado hits three home runs helping the Toronto Blue Jays beat the Tampa Bay Devil Rays 11–8.
 * April 6 – The Milwaukee Brewers defeat the Cincinnati Reds 5–4 in the first game played at Miller Park in Milwaukee.
 * April 9 – The Pittsburgh Pirates lose to the Cincinnati Reds 8–2 in the first game played at PNC Park in Pittsburgh.
 * April 12 – José Hernández of the Milwaukee Brewers hits two home runs and ties a team record with seven runs batted in, as Milwaukee defeats the Houston Astros, 12–4.
 * April 14 – A major league record is set as 11 one-run games are played, breaking the mark of 10 set in 1967. With a 1–0 win over the New York Mets, the Cincinnati Reds set the modern-day National League record with their 175th consecutive game without being shut out, breaking the mark of 174 set by the 1992–93 Philadelphia Phillies.
 * April 17 – Barry Bonds of the San Francisco Giants becomes the 17th player in major league history to hit 500 career home runs.
 * April 20 – For the second time in the month, Carlos Delgado hits three home runs in a game, including his 200th career homer, leading the Toronto Blue Jays to a 12–4 victory over the Kansas City Royals.
 * April 22 – Pedro Astacio pitched a two-hitter, striking out eight and walking one, to guide the Colorado Rockies to a 2–1 victory over the Arizona Diamondbacks at Bank One Ballpark. Astacio is lifted in the ninth inning, after allowing one single and hitting his fourth hitter of the game, tying a Major League Baseball record for the most hit by pitches in a single game. The previously was Orel Hershiser, who did it on April 19, 2000. Larry Walker belted a solo home run and Jeff Cirillo added an RBI-single to back the 50th career win of Astacio with Colorado, becoming the first franchise pitcher to reach that level.
 * April 26 – Luis Gonzalez of the Arizona Diamondbacks hits his home runs No. 12 and 13, tying Ken Griffey Jr. for the most homers in Major League history for the month of April. This record has since been passed by the St. Louis Cardinals' Albert Pujols and the New York Yankees' Alex Rodriguez, who respectively hit 14 home runs during April in 2006 and 2007.

May

 * May 1 – Deion Sanders makes his return to Major League Baseball with the Cincinnati Reds and goes 3–3, including a three-run home run off of Éric Gagné in a win over the Los Angeles Dodgers.
 * May 5 – The Chicago Cubs defeat the Los Angeles Dodgers 20–1. It is the 15th time since 1900 that Chicago scores 20 runs in a game, and the 11th time they do it at Wrigley Field.
 * May 8 – Randy Johnson of the Arizona Diamondbacks records twenty strikeouts in a game against the Cincinnati Reds. While all strikeouts come before the end of the ninth inning, the game goes to extra innings, with the Diamondbacks winning. Johnson is the first left-handed pitcher to record 20 strikeouts in a game, and is the first to do so without winning the game.
 * May 12:
 * A. J. Burnett of the Florida Marlins pitches an unlikely no-hitter, overcoming nine bases on balls to lead Florida over the San Diego Padres, 3–0, at Qualcomm Stadium. It is the second no-hitter of the season and the 228th overall in the major leagues. Burnett strikes out seven and hits a batter, but his nine walks represents a record in a nine-inning no-hitter game. He is only surpassed by Jim Maloney, who struck out 11 but gave up 10 walks in a ten-inning no-hitter on August 19, 1965, as the Cincinnati Reds defeated the Chicago Cubs, 1–0, at Wrigley Field.
 * Carlos Delgado hits his 204th home run in a Toronto Blue Jays uniform, surpassing Joe Carter as the all-time Blue Jays career leader in homers.
 * Gary Sheffield of the Los Angeles Dodgers becomes the first player in major league history to win three 1–0 games in a season with a home run, when he solos to beat the Atlanta Braves 1–0. He also supplied the only scoring by homering on April 2 versus Milwaukee, and on May 7 against Florida.
 * May 16:
 * Rickey Henderson leads off with a home run, extending his major league record for leadoff homers to 79. This equals the total for the #2 and #3 players on the list, Brady Anderson (44) and Bobby Bonds (35).
 * Sammy Sosa hits his 400th career home run.
 * May 25 – Hideo Nomo of the Boston Red Sox tosses a one-hitter and strikes out 14 in a 4–0 win over the Toronto Blue Jays. Nomo faces one batter over the minimum of 27, giving up a leadoff double in the fourth inning to Shannon Stewart. Previously, Nomo had tossed a no-hit game on April 4 against the Orioles.
 * May 28 – Collecting five singles and a three-run home run, Los Angeles Dodgers catcher Paul Lo Duca goes 6-for-6 against the Colorado Rockies to tie an NL record for hits in an extra-inning game.
 * May 29 – The Arizona Diamondbacks outlast the San Francisco Giants, 1–0, in an 18-inning marathon at Pacific Bell Park.

June

 * June 8 – Damion Easley of the Detroit Tigers hits for the cycle against the Milwaukee Brewers, becoming the first American League player to accomplish this feat in interleague play.
 * June 16 – John Olerud of the Seattle Mariners hits for the cycle against the San Diego Padres, joining Bob Watson as the only players in major league history to hit for the cycle in both leagues.
 * June 17 – Blake Stein of the Kansas City Royals strikes out eight straight batters, and 11 in $5 2/3$ innings, but Kansas City loses to the Milwaukee Brewers, 5–2. Only Nolan Ryan (twice), Ron Davis and Roger Clemens have struck out eight in a row in the American League. Tom Seaver holds the major league record with 10 consecutive strikeouts, which was set in 1970.

July

 * July 10 – The American League defeats the National League 4–1 in the All–Star Game. Cal Ripken Jr. playing in his final All-Star Game thrills the crowd by hitting a home run and is selected the MVP. Derek Jeter and Magglio Ordóñez also homer for the American League. A memorable moment occurs when Alex Rodriguez vacates his position as shortstop to Ripken for one inning as Ripken had played at shortstop for most of his career.
 * July 13 – Mike Piazza hits his 300th career home run.
 * July 18:
 * Randy Johnson comes into a game as a reliever and strikes out 16 Padres batters, an all-time record for a relief appearance, while allowing just one hit over seven innings.
 * An Enron Field first: Jeff Bagwell of the Houston Astros hits for the cycle in a 17-11 Astros win over the St. Louis Cardinals.

August

 * August 5 – The Cleveland Indians tie a Major League Baseball record by erasing a 12-run Seattle lead to defeat the Seattle Mariners.
 * August 6 – At Fenway Park, Scott Hatteberg of the Boston Red Sox becomes the first player to hit into a triple play and hit a grand slam home run in the same game. In the fourth inning of the Red Sox' victory over the Texas Rangers, Hatteberg lines out to shortstop Alex Rodriguez, who then throws to second, where Randy Velarde steps on the base to double up Brian Daubach, then tags out Chris Stynes (who runs from first) for the third out. Two innings later, Hatteberg gets revenge by homering with Troy O'Leary, Daubach and Stynes on base ahead of him; the grand slam puts the Red Sox ahead for the final 10–7 score.
 * August 9 – Sammy Sosa hits 3 home runs in a game.
 * August 11 – Barry Bonds hits his 50th home run of the season to lead the San Francisco Giants to a 9–4 victory over the Chicago Cubs. No other player reaches 50 home runs faster than Bonds.
 * August 15 – For the first time in major league history, four pitchers from Venezuela combine to win their respective starts the same day: Freddy García, of the Seattle Mariners, against the Boston Red Sox, 6–2; Kelvim Escobar, of the Toronto Blue Jays, over the Oakland Athletics, 5–2; Giovanni Carrara of the Los Angeles Dodgers, against the Montreal Expos, 13–1; and Omar Daal, in a Philadelphia Phillies victory over the Milwaukee Brewers, 8–6.
 * August 22 – Sammy Sosa hits 3 home runs, helping Chicago Cubs beat the Milwaukee Brewers 16–3.
 * August 23:
 * With his 300th strikeout today, Randy Johnson becomes the first pitcher to strike out 300 or more batters in four consecutive seasons.
 * At Shea Stadium, Jason Jennings of the Colorado Rockies shuts out the New York Mets 10–0 and helps his own cause by homering in the same game, the home run coming in the 9th inning off Donne Wall for the game's final run. Jennings becomes the first pitcher to pitch a shutout and hit a home run in the same game in his Major League debut.
 * August 25 – Bernie Williams hits his 200th career home run, helping the New York Yankees beat the Anaheim Angels 7–5.
 * August 26 – Sammy Sosa hits his 50th and 51st home runs to power the Chicago Cubs to a 6–1 victory over the St. Louis Cardinals. He joins Mark McGwire and Babe Ruth as the only major leaguers with four 50-homer seasons.

September

 * September 1 – Rafael Palmeiro of the Texas Rangers collects his 100th run batted in. He becomes only the fourth major league player with seven consecutive seasons with at least 35 home runs and 100 RBI. This is the eighth time in his career he has at least 100 RBI. He joins some elite company; Jimmie Foxx has nine such consecutive seasons, and Babe Ruth and Sammy Sosa both have seven.
 * September 2 – Mike Mussina of the New York Yankees comes within one strike of a perfect game against the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park. He retires the first 26 Red Sox hitters in order before outfielder Carl Everett lines a base hit to left center field to break up the perfect game and no hitter. Mussina settles for a one-hitter in a 1-0 Yankees win.
 * September 3 – Bud Smith of the St. Louis Cardinals becomes the 16th rookie in modern history to throw a no-hitter and the second to do it to the San Diego Padres this season in the Cardinals' 4–0 win. Smith makes his 11th career start.
 * September 5 – Roger Clemens becomes the second pitcher in major league history to win 19 of his first 20 decisions, leading the New York Yankees over the Toronto Blue Jays 4–3.
 * September 6 – Barry Bonds of the San Francisco Giants becomes the fifth player in major league history to hit 60 home runs in a season during a game against the Arizona Diamondbacks. He joins Babe Ruth, Roger Maris, Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa. Bonds, who is the oldest to join this elite group, reaches the historic plateau the quickest, needing only 141 games to reach the milestone.
 * September 9 – Barry Bonds of the San Francisco Giants hits 3 home runs to help the Giants beat the Colorado Rockies 9–4 in 11 innings. He is now 7 home runs shy of tying Mark McGwire's single season record of 70 set in 1998.
 * September 11 – Due to terrorist attacks in New York, Washington, and Pennsylvania, all future MLB games are postponed until further notice.
 * September 12 – Minor League Baseball cancels the remainder of the 2001 playoff series. All leaders in their series are deemed champions, and those series which do not start or tie have had all teams participating named co-champions.
 * September 13 – Commissioner Bud Selig announces that baseball resumes playing on September 17, six days after the 9/11 attacks.
 * September 21 – In the first sporting event in New York City since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Mike Piazza hits a dramatic 2-run home run in the 8th inning to give the Mets a 3–2 win over the Atlanta Braves. Before the game the 2 rival teams shake hands to show that America is a country united.
 * September 23 – Sammy Sosa hits three home runs again.
 * September 24 – Pittsburgh Pirates rookie Craig Wilson ties the major league record for pinch-hit home runs in a season by hitting his seventh in the Pirates' 7–6 win over the Chicago Cubs. Dave Hansen of the Los Angeles Dodgers set the mark last season.
 * September 25 – Jeromy Burnitz and Richie Sexson of the Milwaukee Brewers become the first teammates to each hit 3 home runs in the same game as they beat the Arizona Diamondbacks 9–4 at Bank One Ballpark.
 * September 27:
 * Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs hits a home run and carries a small American flag around the bases in a 6–5 loss to the Houston Astros.
 * Randy Johnson ties the Major League record for double-digit strikeout games in a season as he records his 23rd of the season.
 * September 28 – Alex Rodriguez of the Texas Rangers hits his 50th home run in an 11–2 victory over the Anaheim Angels and becomes the 20th player in major league history to hit 50 homers in a season.

October

 * October 2 – At Wrigley Field, Sammy Sosa hits his 60th home run of the season off Lance Davis of the Cincinnati Reds. He becomes the first player in Major League history with three 60-home run seasons.
 * October 4:
 * Rickey Henderson hits a home run to become the major leagues' all-time career runs scored leader with 2,246, passing Ty Cobb.
 * Tim Raines plays left field and his son Tim Jr. plays center in the Baltimore Orioles' 5–4 loss to the Boston Red Sox. They become the second father-son duo to play in the same game, matching the feat turned by Ken Griffey and Ken Jr.
 * October 5:
 * Barry Bonds hits his 71st and 72nd home runs of the year to set a new major league single-season mark in the San Francisco Giants' 11–10 loss to the Los Angeles Dodgers.
 * Baltimore Orioles lose to the Boston Red Sox 7–5, as Cal Ripken Jr. becomes the seventh player in major league history to play in 3,000 career games.
 * October 6:
 * The Seattle Mariners beat the Texas Rangers 1–0, setting the American league record to 116 wins in a regular season and tying the major league mark set by the Chicago Cubs in 1906.
 * Lenny Harris breaks Manny Mota's all-time mark for pinch hits with the 151st of his career as the New York Mets defeat the Montreal Expos 4–0.
 * Tony Gwynn doubles off of the Colorado Rockies' Gabe White. It is the 3,141st and final hit of his career. His career batting average of .338 is, at the time of his retirement, the eleventh highest since 1901. It is the second highest of any player to play since 1950 (Ted Williams' .344), It is also the highest of any player to play entirely in the last 40 years of the 20th century.
 * Cal Ripken Jr. goes 0-for-3 in the final game of his major league career as the Baltimore Orioles lose to the Boston Red Sox 5–1.
 * October 7:
 * Rickey Henderson gets the 3,000th hit of his career, as the San Diego Padres lose to the Colorado Rockies. The game is the final one of Tony Gwynn's career. Meanwhile, Larry Walker wins his third NL batting title in three years at .350. Walker and Rockies teammate Todd Helton (.336) become the first teammates to finish 1-2 since Blue Jays John Olerud (.363), Paul Molitor (.332) and Roberto Alomar (.326) were the top three in 1993.
 * Albert Pujols ties Emmet "Snags" Heidrick (1899) for most hits by a St. Louis Cardinals rookie when he makes his 194th.
 * Barry Bonds extends his major-league record with his 73rd home run of the season. He finishes the year with a .863 slugging percentage to break Babe Ruth's all-time single-season record set in 1920.
 * In a day of records, the Chicago Cubs lose to the Pittsburgh Pirates in their final game of the season, 4–3. They become the first team in major league history to not allow an opposing pitcher to throw a complete game against them all season. Sammy Sosa closes out 2001 with his 64th home run in his final at-bat of the game and sets a new franchise record with 103 extra base hits, six more than Hack Wilson (1930). Sosa also finishes with another franchise record of 425 total bases (the seventh best all-time total), two ahead of Wilson. His 160 RBI are the highest total in the NL since Chuck Klein posted 170 in 1930; Sosa's RBI total for the past four years also breaks Klein's four-year mark set in 1929–32. To finish out the record day, five Cubs pitchers combine for 12 strikeouts as the staff sets a major league record with 1,344 strikeouts. The New York Yankees do the same, setting an AL mark with 1,266 strikeouts.
 * October 12 – Finishing his fifteenth full season as Minnesota Twins manager, Tom Kelly announces his resignation, citing "burn out". Before this past season, Kelly hadn't had a winning season since 1992. He'd won the World Series twice, in his first full season in 1987 and again in 1991. He leaves with a career record of 1,140–1,244.
 * October 30 – The World Series comes to Yankee Stadium. President George W. Bush throws out the ceremonial first pitch.

November

 * November 1 – The New York Yankees pull off two incredible comebacks. With the Arizona Diamondbacks leading 3–1 with 2 outs in the 9th inning of Game 4 of the 2001 World Series, Tino Martinez hits a game-tying 2-run home run. One inning later (at 12:04 ET) Derek Jeter hits a walk-off home run to win Game 4, while fans wave a banner which says "Mr. November". Later that night in Game 5, with the Yankees trailing 2–0 in the 9th inning with 2 outs, Scott Brosius hits a 2-run game-tying home run to tie that game at 2. The Yankees win 3–2 and take a 3–2 series lead.
 * November 4 – The Arizona Diamondbacks win the first World Series of their four-year existence with a come-from-behind 3–2 win over the New York Yankees. Mariano Rivera, considered by many to be the best closer in postseason history, begins the bottom of the 9th inning with a 1-run lead, but is unable to protect it, allowing two runs, including a game-winning RBI single by Luis González. Randy Johnson gets the win in relief and shares World Series MVP honors with Curt Schilling.
 * November 6 – Major League Baseball owners vote 28–2 to contract two teams for the following season, with the Minnesota Twins and Montreal Expos—the teams expected to be eliminated—casting the dissenting votes.
 * November 11 – Mark McGwire announces his retirement. His 583 career home runs place him fifth on the all-time list.
 * November 12:
 * Albert Pujols, just one year after playing Class-A baseball, hits a .329 batting average with 37 home runs and 130 RBI and is named the National League Rookie of the Year by the BBWAA. The St. Louis Cardinals freshman sets NL rookie marks in RBI, total bases (360) and extra base hits (88), and falls one home run shy of tying the NL rookie record of 38 established by Frank Robinson in 1956 as a member of the Cincinnati Reds.
 * Seattle Mariners outfielder Ichiro Suzuki, who leads the American League with a .350 batting average, is named Rookie of the Year by the BBWAA.
 * November 27 – The major league owners vote unanimously to extend baseball commissioner Bud Selig's contract through 2006.
 * November 30 – Major League Baseball's plan to contract by two teams next season is put into jeopardy by Minnesota courts. The state's Supreme Court refuses to grant the request for a speedy review of the appeal of the injunction which forces the Twins to play in 2002, and the appellate court sets the hearing for December 27, a date many believe is too late to make the elimination of two teams a reality. Unsure of their future, the Expos sign a one-year lease to play their home games of the 2002 season at Olympic Stadium. Due to the threat of being eliminated because of the proposed contraction, the agreement gives the Expos the right to unilaterally cancel the contract.

December

 * December 1 – The New York Mets sign pitcher Satoru Komiyama to a one-year contract. A seven-time All-Star in Japan and former Chiba Lotte Marines member, Komiyama will compile a 0–3 record with 33 strikeouts and a 5.61 ERA in 2002, his only major league season.
 * December 6 – Major League Baseball reportedly gives John Henry permission to sell the Florida Marlins to Montreal Expos owner Jeffrey Loria. The Expos are taken over by MLB, who owns the franchise until 2006 after moving it to Washington the previous year.
 * December 20 – The limited partners of the Boston Red Sox vote unanimously to sell the team to a group led by Florida Marlins owner John Henry and former San Diego Padres owner Tom Werner. The $660 million price, plus an assumption of $40 in debt, doubles the record price for a baseball team.

Movies

 * 61* (TV)
 * Hardball
 * Summer Catch

January

 * January 4 – DJ Herz
 * January 5 – Daniel Espino
 * January 5 – Vaughn Grissom
 * January 5 – Eric Pardinho
 * January 13 – Brayan Rocchio
 * January 31 – Zach Neto

February

 * February 12 – Victor Scott II
 * February 14 – Brooks Lee
 * February 17 – Jorge Barrosa
 * February 21 – Porter Hodge

March

 * March 1 – Wander Franco
 * March 7 – Michael Harris II
 * March 20 – Taj Bradley
 * March 20 – José Tena

April

 * April 4 – Orion Kerkering
 * April 4 – Ronny Mauricio
 * April 10 – Everson Pereira
 * April 19 – Jordan Beck
 * April 20 – Adam Mazur
 * April 28 – Anthony Volpe

May

 * May 4 – Connor Phillips
 * May 13 – José Rodríguez
 * May 17 – Leo Jimenez

June

 * June 2 – Keoni Cavaco
 * June 8 – Victor Mederos
 * June 23 – Jake Bloss
 * June 24 – Mo'ne Davis
 * June 28 – Blake Walston
 * June 29 – Gunnar Henderson

July

 * July 15 – Jhonkensy Noel
 * July 30 – Justin Martinez

August

 * August 1 – Ezequiel Tovar
 * August 3 – Darell Hernáiz
 * August 6 – Jared Jones
 * August 12 – Kyle Harrison
 * August 14 – Colt Keith
 * August 30 – Hayden Birdsong

September

 * September 10 – Marco Luciano

October

 * October 8 – Joey Estes
 * October 16 – Noelvi Marte

November

 * November 11 – Kyren Paris
 * November 15 – Wyatt Langford
 * November 19 – Francisco Álvarez
 * November 19 – Orelvis Martínez
 * November 24 – Tyler Soderstrom
 * November 27 – Carlos Rodríguez

January

 * January  3 – Alex Sabo, 90, backup catcher for the Washington Senators in the 1936 and 1937 seasons.
 * January  6 – Tom Poholsky, 71, pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals and Chicago Cubs in a span of six seasons from 1950 to 1957.
 * January  6 – Tot Pressnell, 94, who pitched from 1938 through 1942 for the Brooklyn Dodgers and Chicago Cubs.
 * January  8 – Bert Hodges, 83, third baseman for the 1942 Philadelphia Phillies.
 * January 14 – Joe Zapustas, 93, Latvian-born outfielder who appeared in two games for the 1933 Philadelphia Athletics.
 * January 19 – Johnny Babich, 87, pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Boston Bees and Philadelphia Athletics during five seasons between 1934 and 1941.
 * January 22 – Tommie Agee, 58, All-Star center fielder and two-time Gold Glove winner, who played from 1962 through 1973 for the Cleveland Indians, Chicago White Sox, New York Mets, Houston Astros and St. Louis Cardinals, winning the 1966 AL Rookie of the Year; best remembered for two outstanding catches in Game 3 of the 1969 World Series that helped the Mets win the World Championship title over the high favored Baltimore Orioles.
 * January 28 – Curt Blefary, 57, left fielder who played for the Baltimore Orioles, Houston Astros, New York Yankees, Oakland Athletics and San Diego Padres in eight seasons spanning 1965–1972, winning both the American League Rookie of the Year and The Sporting News Rookie of the Year awards in 1965; member of the Orioles team that won the 1966 World Series over the Los Angeles Dodgers.

February

 * February  1 – Sam Harshaney, 90, backup catcher for the St. Louis Browns from 1937 to 1940.
 * February  5 – Jerry McQuaig, 89, outfielder for the 1934 Philadelphia Athletics.
 * February 16 – Bob Buhl, 72, All-Star pitcher for the Milwaukee Braves, Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies from 1953 to 1967, who posted a 166–133 record and a 3.52 ERA in 457 games, while leading National League pitchers with a .720 winning percentage in 1957.
 * February 18 – Eddie Mathews, 69, Hall of Fame third baseman for the Braves in Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta, who retired with 512 home runs, sixth most in history, hitting 40 homers four times and leading NL twice, while hitting .300 or more three times, recording 100 runs eight times and five 100-RBI seasons; a fine defensive player, Matthews set major league records with 2,181 games and 4,323 assists at third base, setting a NL mark with 369 double plays; appeared on the first cover of Sports Illustrated in 1954; was manager of the Braves in 1974 when former teammate Hank Aaron broke the all-time career home run record.
 * February 18 – Butch Wensloff, 85, pitcher who played from 1943 to 1947 with the New York Yankees and for the Cleveland Indians in 1948.
 * February 20 – Bill Rigney, 83, All-Star infielder (1948) who played for the New York Giants from 1946 to 1953 and appeared in the 1951 World Series; as a manager between 1956 and 1976, he was the last pilot of the Giants in New York and their first in San Francisco, the first manager in history of the MLB Los Angeles Angels franchise, and guided the Minnesota Twins to the 1970 AL West Division title.
 * February 24 – Phil Collier, 75, sportswriter for the San Diego Union-Tribune, while covering the Dodgers, Angels and Padres from 1958 to 1999.
 * February 25 – Bitsy Mott, 82, backup infielder for the 1946 Philadelphia Phillies, who also worked later as the personal security guard for rock-and-roll star Elvis Presley.

March

 * March  5 – Leo Thomas, 77, first baseman who played from 1950 to 1952 with the St. Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox.
 * March  7 – Janice O'Hara, 82, one of the original players to join the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League for its inaugural season in 1943.
 * March 12 – Bill Reeder, 79, relief pitcher who appeared in 21 contests for the 1949 St. Louis Cardinals.
 * March 15 – Fern Battaglia, 70, infielder for the Battle Creek Belles of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
 * March 20 – Luis Alvarado, 52, Puerto Rican infielder who played for the Boston Red Sox, Chicago White Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, New York Mets and Detroit Tigers in a span of seven season from 1968 to 1977.
 * March 22 – Newt Kimball, 85, relief pitcher who played for the Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals, Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies over part of six seasons from 1937 to 1943.
 * March 31 – Brian Cole, 22, outfielder in the New York Mets minor league system and one of the top prospects in baseball, who died in a car accident during spring training.

April

 * April  1 – Nelson Burbrink, 79, catcher for the 1955 St. Louis Cardinals; later a scout for multiple clubs and scouting director for the New York Mets.
 * April  1 – Jo-Jo Moore, 92, left fielder who played his entire 1,335-game career (1930–1941) with New York Giants; six-time National League All-Star and member of 1933 World Series champs; batted .298 lifetime with 1,615 hits.
 * April  2 – Lloyd Gearhart, 77, first baseman for the 1947 New York Giants, and later a longtime player-manager for the Atlanta Crackers minor league team.
 * April  9 – Willie Stargell, 61, Hall of Fame and seven-time All-Star left fielder and first baseman, feared power hitter, and a leader on the field and in the clubhouse during his 21 seasons with the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1962 to 1982, who hit a slash line of .282/.360/.529 with 475 home runs and 1540 RBI, leading the Pirates to World Series titles in 1971 and 1979, while winning the National League MVP Award, the NL Championship Series MVP Award and the World Series MVP Award in 1979, becoming the first player to collect all three awards in a Major League Baseball season.
 * April 16 – Hank Riebe, 79, catcher for the Detroit Tigers in four seasons between 1942 and 1949, as well as a highly decorated World War II veteran.
 * April 21 – Sandy Ullrich, 79, Cuban pitcher for the Washington Senators from 1944 to 1945.
 * April 21 – Hal White, 82, pitcher for the Detroit Tigers, St. Louis Browns and St. Louis Cardinals over 12 seasons from 1941 to 1954, who earned shutouts in his first two major league starts, and later worked as a coach and scout.

May

 * May  3 – Hank Schmulbach, 76, who was used as a pinch runner by the St. Louis Browns for one game in the 1943 season.
 * May  7 – Dick Kimble, 85, shortstop for the 1945 Washington Senators.
 * May 17 – Ike Brown, 59, colorful utilityman for the Detroit Tigers from 1969 through 1974, who was one of the last alumni of the Negro leagues, along with Hank Aaron and Willie Mays, to be still active in the Major Leagues.
 * May 19 – Joe Lovitto, 50, center fielder who played 306 games for the Texas Rangers from 1972 through 1975.
 * May 20 – Bob Keely, 91, rarely used catcher for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1944 to 1945, who later served as a coach for 12 seasons from 1946 through 1957 for the Boston/Milwaukee Braves.
 * May 20 – Bud Thomas, 91, pitcher for the Washington Senators, Philadelphia Athletics and Detroit Tigers in a span of seven seasons from 1932 to 1941, who faced Babe Ruth twice, striking him out the second time, and surrendered the first major league home run ever hit by Boston Red Sox legend Ted Williams.
 * May 21 – Mel Hoderlein, 77, utility infielder for the Boston Red Sox and Washington Senators in four seasons from 1951 to 1954.
 * May 21 – Stuart Meyer, 67, Anheuser-Busch executive who was president of the St. Louis Cardinals between 1992 and 1994.
 * May 22 – Ralph Hamner, 84, pitcher who played from 1946 through 1949 with the Chicago White Sox and Chicago Cubs.

June

 * June  1 – Nancy Warren, 79, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League All-Star pitcher and member of the 1954 champion team.
 * June  2 – Jimmy Bragan, 72, MLB coach for the Cincinnati Reds, Montreal Expos and Milwaukee Brewers for eight years between 1967 and 1977 and a longtime scout; president of Double-A Southern League from 1981 to 1994; brother of Bobby Bragan.
 * June  2 – Gene Woodling, 78, All-Star left fielder who played for seven different teams in a span of 17 seasons from 1943 to 1962, most notably with the New York Yankees, winning five World Series rings with them while hitting a .318/.442/.529 slash line and scoring 21 runs in 26 Series games.
 * June  4 – John Corriden, 83, pinch runner who made one appearance for the Brooklyn Dodgers in the 1946 season; son of longtime MLB coach Red Corriden.
 * June  6 – Ford Garrison, 85, outfielder who played from 1943 through 1946 for the Boston Red Sox and Philadelphia Athletics; later served as a coach on the staff of Cincinnati Redlegs manager Rogers Hornsby in 1953.
 * June 11 – Lou Lombardo, 72, pitcher who played in two games for the New York Giants in 1948.
 * June 15 – Marcelino Solis, 70, Mexican left-handed pitcher who appeared in 15 games in 1958 for the Chicago Cubs.
 * June 16 – Wally Hood, 75, pitcher for the 1949 New York Yankees.
 * June 16 – Sam Jethroe, 84, All-Star outfielder in the Negro leagues who broke the color line in Boston as the first black player on the Braves franchise in 1950; as winner of the National League Rookie of the Year Award at age 32, he remains the oldest player to receive this honor.
 * June 20 – Bob Keegan, 80, All-Star pitcher who played from 1953 to 1958 for the Chicago White Sox, going 40–36 with a 3.66 ERA in 135 appearances, including a no-hitter over the Washington Senators on August 20, 1957.
 * June 25 – John LeRoy, 26, relief pitcher for the 1997 Atlanta Braves who earned a victory in his only MLB game on September 26.

July

 * July  9 – Al Lary, 72, pitcher who played for the Chicago Cubs in a span of three seasons between 1954 and 1962; brother of Frank Lary.
 * July 10 – Tony Criscola, 86, outfielder who played from 1942 through 1944 for the St. Louis Cardinals and Cincinnati Reds, as well as one of many ballplayers who only appeared in the major leagues during World War II.
 * July 16 – John Dagenhard, 84, pitcher for the 1943 Boston Braves.
 * July 17 – Elon Hogsett, 97, relief pitcher who played for the Detroit Tigers, St. Louis Browns and Washington Senators in 11 seasons (1929–1938, 1944) appearing in two World Series with the Tigers, winning a championship in 1935.
 * July 18 – Barry Shetrone, 63, backup outfielder who played for the Baltimore Orioles and Washington Senators in part of five seasons from 1959 to 1963.
 * July 28 – John Easton, 68, utility man who played for the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1955 and 1959 seasons.
 * July 30 – Thelma Grambo, 77, Canadian catcher who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League during the 1946 season.

August

 * August 10 – Lou Boudreau, 84, Hall of Fame and eight-time All-Star shortstop, who won both the American League MVP Award and the MLB Player of the Year Award in 1948 while leading the Cleveland Indians to the World Series title as a player-manager, the last big leaguer to do so; won the AL League batting crown with a .327 average in 1944 and led the league in AL three times; skippered Cleveland from 1942 to 1950, then managed the Boston Red Sox, Kansas City Athletics and Chicago Cubs in all or part of seven years between 1952 and 1960; longtime member of Cubs' radio broadcast team.
 * August 10 – Ramón Monzant, 68, Venezuelan pitcher who played for the Giants in New York and San Francisco during six seasons from 1954 to 1959, whose best performance came in 1956 in an 8–1 complete game victory over the Philadelphia Phillies, allowing only a one-out, first inning single to Del Ennis which cost him a no-hitter game.
 * August 13 – Jim Hughes, 78, pitcher who played from 1952 through 1957 with the Brooklyn Dodgers, Chicago Cubs and Chicago White Sox, being also a member of four National League pennant-winning Dodgers clubs, in 1952–1953 and 1955–1956, though he played in only the 1953 World Series.
 * August 23 – Shirley Kleinhans, 72, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player.
 * August 24 – Hank Sauer, 84, two-time All-Star who played for the Cincinnati Reds, Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals, and New York and San Francisco Giants during 15 seasons spanning 1941–1959; won the 1952 National League Most Valuable Player Award with the Cubs after leading the league with 121 RBI and tying Ralph Kiner for home run title with 37 bombs.
 * August 29 – Sid Peterson, 83, pitcher for the 1943 St. Louis Browns.
 * August 29 – Eric Tipton, 86, backup left fielder who played with the Philadelphia Athletics from 1939 to 1941, and for the Cincinnati Reds from 1942 to 1945.
 * August 29 – Dick Selma, 57, pitcher for six MLB clubs between 1965 and 1974; won first game in the history of the MLB San Diego Padres in 1969 – a 10-inning shutout, 1–0 victory over the Atlanta Braves; a year later, saved 22 games for the 1970 Philadelphia Phillies.
 * August 31 – Crash Davis, 82, infielder for the Philadelphia Athletics from 1940 to 1942, whose nickname was given to the Kevin Costner character in the film Bull Durham.

September

 * September  3 – Carl Lindquist, 82, pitcher who played with the Boston Braves in the 1943 and 1944 seasons.
 * September 11 – Clem Dreisewerd, 85, pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Browns and New York Giants between 1944 and 1948, who also enjoyed a long and successful minor league career.
 * September 11 – Vince Ventura, 84, left fielder for the 1945 Washington Senators.
 * September 13 – Jorge Comellas, 84, Cuban pitcher who played for the 1945 Chicago Cubs.
 * September 17 – Bubba Church, 77, pitcher who played from 1950 through 1955 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs and Chicago Cubs; played a key role in his rookie season for the famed 1950 Whiz Kids Phillies in their fight for the National League pennant.
 * September 19 – Bill Stafford, 62, pitcher for the New York Yankees and Kansas City Athletics in eight seasons from 1960 to 1967, winning two World Series rings with the Yankees in 1961 and 1962, and the winning pitcher in Game 3 of the 1962 World Series.
 * September 20 – George Archie, 87, corner infielder who played for the Detroit Tigers, Washington Senators and St. Louis Browns in a span of three seasons from 1938 to 1946, another ballplayer whose career was interrupted by the war.
 * September 20 – Joe Stephenson, 80, backup catcher for the New York Giants, Chicago Cubs and Chicago White Sox in part of three seasons spanning 1943–1947; later a longtime scout for the Boston Red Sox; father of the MLB pitcher and scout.
 * September 25 – Ritter Collett, 80, sports editor and columnist for the Dayton Journal-Herald and Dayton Daily News for over fifty years, who along with Bob Prince and Jim Enright created the Hutch Award in honor of Cincinnati Reds manager Fred Hutchinson, and also received the J. G. Taylor Spink Award distinction in 1991.
 * September 25 – John Powers, 72, backup outfielder who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, Baltimore Orioles and Cleveland Indians in part of six seasons from 1955 to 1960.
 * September 27 – Dick Rozek, 74, relief pitcher who played from 1950 through 1954 for the Cleveland Indians and Philadelphia Athletics.
 * September 28 – Jack Maguire, 76, utility man for the New York Giants, Pittsburgh Pirates and St. Louis Browns in part of two seasons from 1950 to 1951.
 * September 29 – John Noriega, 57, middle relief pitcher who made 13 appearances for the Cincinnati Reds from 1969 to 1970, including for the Big Red Machine club that clinched the 1970 National League pennant.

October

 * October  5 – Woody Jensen, 94, backup outfielder for the Pittsburgh Pirates during nine seasons from 1931 to 1939, a .324 hitter in his rookie season, whose Major League record of 696 at bats set in 1936 remained intact for 33 seasons until Pirates' outfielder Matty Alou broke it in 1969.
 * October  6 – Miguel del Toro, 29, Mexican pitcher for the San Francisco Giants between 1999 and 2000.
 * October 10 – Dave Gerard, 65, pitcher whose career extended for ten seasons from 1955 to 1964, including 39 games as a reliever for the Chicago Cubs in 1962.
 * October 14 – Ben Sankey, 94, shortstop who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates over parts of three seasons from 1929 to 1931.
 * October 18 – Ferris Fain, 80, first baseman for the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, Detroit Tigers and Cleveland Indians in nine seasons from 1947 to 1955, who won consecutive American League batting titles in 1951 and 1952, and was named five times to the All-Star Game.
 * October 19 – Joe Murray, 80, pitcher for the 1950 Philadelphia Athletics.
 * October 19 – Hugh Mulcahy, 88, All-Star pitcher who played for the Philadelphia Phillies and Pittsburgh Pirates in a span of nine seasons from 1935 to 1947, earning national distinction when he became the very first big leaguer to be drafted into military service before the United States entered World War II.
 * October 24 – Bill Mueller, 80, center fielder who played for the Chicago White Sox in the 1942 and 1945 seasons, whose career was interrupted while he served in the military during World War II.
 * October 30 – Johnny Lucadello, 82, second baseman who played for the St. Louis Browns and New York Yankees in part of six seasons from 1939 to 1947, another ballplayer whose career was interrupted by the war.

November

 * November 1 – Tom Cheney, 67, pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates and expansion Washington Senators in a span of eight seasons from 1957 to 1966, as well as a member of the 1960 World Champion Pirates, who is most notable for striking out 21 Baltimore Orioles hitters in a 2–1, 16-inning complete game victory while pitching for the Senators in 1962, setting a record for the most strikeouts in an extra-inning game for a pitcher in MLB history.
 * November 1 – H. Gabriel Murphy, 98, 40 percent owner of the Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins franchise from 1950 to 1984 who battled majority owner Calvin Griffith in court in an unsuccessful attempt to keep the team from abandoning the U.S. capital after the 1960 season.
 * November 4 – Bob Gillespie, 82, pitcher for the Detroit Tigers, Chicago White Sox and Boston Red Sox over part of four seasons spanning 1944–1950.
 * November 11 – Tadashi Sugiura, 66, Hall of Fame NPB pitcher and manager who played for the Nankai Hawks from 1958 to 1970 and managed them from 1986 to 1989.
 * November 13 – Frank Messer, 76, play-by-play broadcaster for the Baltimore Orioles (1964–1967) and New York Yankees (1968–1985).
 * November 15 – Ernie Stewart, 92, American League umpire who worked 691 games from April 15, 1941, through July 31, 1945, and the 1942 All-Star game; fired by AL for complaining about umpires' working conditions and low salaries.
 * November 16 – Tal Abernathy, 80, pitcher who played for the Philadelphia Athletics from 1942 through 1944.
 * November 16 – Red Steiner, 86, catcher who played for the Cleveland Indians and Boston Red Sox during the 1945 season.
 * November 18 – Mel Deutsch, 86, pitcher for the 1946 Boston Red Sox.
 * November 23 – Bo Belinsky, 64, pitcher who enjoyed a 10-win rookie season in 1962 with the Los Angeles Angels, including the first no-hitter on the West Coast, but whose raucous personal life derailed his promising career.
 * November 29 – Marcelino López, 58, Cuban left-handed pitcher for six teams in nine seasons from 1963 to 1972, who went 14–13 with a 2.93 earned run average and 122 strikeouts for the Los Angeles Angels to finish second to Curt Blefary in the 1965 American League rookie of the year balloting, and later became one of the most reliable relievers in the Baltimore Orioles bullpen during its 1970 World Championship season.

December

 * December 4 – Eddie Popowski, 88, coach for the Boston Red Sox between 1967 and 1976 who twice served as the Bosox' interim manager; long-time minor league player, skipper and instructor.
 * December 18 – Bill Howerton, 80, backup outfielder who appeared in 247 games from 1949 through 1952 for the St. Louis Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates and New York Giants.
 * December 21 – Karl Winsch, 86, pitcher who played in the Philadelphia Phillies minor league system; also a successful manager in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
 * December 22 – Bob Davis, 68, pitcher who played for the Kansas City Athletics in the 1958 and 1960 seasons.
 * December 24 – Hank Soar, 87, American League umpire from 1950 to 1971 who worked in five World Series and the 1971 ALCS before becoming a league supervisor; former football player with the New York Giants.
 * December 25 – Ramón García, 77, Cuban pitcher for the 1948 Washington Senators.
 * December 26 – Tom McBride, 87, outfielder who batted .305 for the 1945 Red Sox, getting six RBI in one inning in August.
 * December 27 – John Hoffman, 58, backup catcher who played from 1964 to 1965 for the Houston Colt .45s/Astros.

title: 2001 in baseball


text: User talk:83.100.141.120

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:83.100.141.120


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/387 (number)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 13:10, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

387 (number)
No content. Thue | talk 21:14, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * This article was only just created today. We have other articles on numbers (which surprised me).  But if we don't have some content in here when this vfd times-out then Delete as non-notable (and we can recreate it if some discovers the significance of 387). RJFJR 21:34, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Information about the number 387 belongs at 300 (number), along with all other numbers greater than 299 and less than 400. — Ливай | ☺ 22:23, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * On the other hand, 360 (number), 365 (number), 366 (number) and 369 (number) all have their own articles, but of these I think only 360 has enough unique properties to merit a separate article. — Ливай | ☺ 22:25, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I put a speedy notice on it originally, so I guess I'd better vote delete. I've certainly no objection to number articles (I like numbers), but this one as created is beneath silly. sjorford// 22:56, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy as having no content that is not obvious from the title. humblefool® 23:43, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * This is not a speedy criterion. In fact, the proposal to add just that to WP:CSD failed. — Ливай | ☺ 02:17, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy. No content.   --BM 02:10, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I wikified the article to make it somewhat more useful. (Note: this is a comment to allow others to change their votes.) Georgia guy 14:37, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You're joking, right? Give us a break.  My five-year old daughter might be intrigued that 387 is the sum of 300, 80, and 7, but if you think this is encyclopedic content, you have no business editing the Wikipedia.  --BM 15:14, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. There's no real content. A number is not inherently notable. Carrp | Talk 15:16, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I agree that this is not a speedy candidate. I wish that "no content that is not obvious from the title" had made it, but it didn't. This article has no real content. There have been several days for number-theoreticians to chime in with anything interesting about it and so far nobody has. The article can be re-created IF someone actually comes up with a truly notable and interesting property of the number. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:52, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy. No useful info that somebody who can count won't know. Amahabal 00:56, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. There is considerably more content now. Denni ☯ 01:37, 2005 Feb 10 (UTC)
 * But almost all the content is completely adventitious. None of it is really about 387 except for the factorization, and every number that isn't prime has a factorization, so even that isn't very notable. Everything else is just random things that happen to be the 387th of something, for no particular reason. Faethon387 03:01, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 05:36, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Treaty of Craiova

The Treaty of Craiova (Крайовска спогодба; Tratatul de la Craiova) was signed on 7 September 1940 and ratified on 13 September 1940 by the Kingdom of Bulgaria and the Kingdom of Romania. Under its terms, Romania had to allow Bulgaria to retake Southern Dobruja, which Romania had gained after the 1913 Second Balkan War. Bulgaria had to pay 1 million lei as compensation for the investment provided to the region by Romania.

The treaty stipulated that a population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania had to be made. Thus, 103,711 Romanians, Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians living in Southern Dobruja were forced to move to Northern Dobruja (part of Romania), and 62,278 Bulgarians located in the north were forcibly moved to the south. The Dobrujan Germans, who were affected by these relocations, would eventually be transferred to Nazi Germany.

Unlike all other territorial treaties mediated by Nazi Germany, the Treaty of Craiova was not reversed by the Allies after World War II and Southern Dobruja remained Bulgarian.

Background
The Second Vienna Award, arbitrated by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, signed on 30 August 1940, assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary. Although the devolution of Northern Transylvania had been made under the diplomatic pressure of Germany, the country did not directly intervene in the Treaty of Craiova. However, it was also implemented by indication of Adolf Hitler, who on 31 July 1940 expressed his wish for the south of Dobruja to be returned to Bulgaria to restore the 1912 Bulgaria–Romania border.

The government of Romania received Hitler's message with surprise and expressed the wish to preserve at least the port of Balchik and the city of Silistra. The German ambassador declared that Romanian sacrifices to Bulgaria would make Hitler more sympathetic towards Romania in negotiations between Hungary and Romania on the Transylvania dispute. The Romanians attempted to keep both cities, but the Bulgarian government refused since it was aware of the German support.

Formal negotiations began on 19 August 1940 in the city of Craiova after previous contacts had been made in which the positions of the two parties had become clear. The negotiations were not easy, and it was only in the face of the threat of Italian–German arbitration during the Hungarian-Romanian negotiations on 29 August which Romania was trying to achieve the benevolence of the Axis powers, that the Romanian delegation announced its readiness to cede all of Southern Dobruja. The Romanians also attempted to delay the talks while they tried to persuade the Germans to maintain the territorial integrity of Romania.

Terms
The Treaty of Craiova finally crystallized in a return to the 1912 borders. The southern part of the Dobruja, which had been conquered by Romania during the Second Balkan War, was returned to Bulgaria and assumed for Romania the loss of a territory with an area of 7142 km2 and a population of which ethnic Romanians made up 25% or 28.4% (depending on the source). The agreement was signed on 7 September 1940 by Alexandru Cretzianu and Henri-Georges Meitani, representing King Michael I of Romania, and Svetoslav Pomenov and Teokhar Papazoff, representing Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria. The treaty was ratified on the Romanian side on 13 September by Prime Minister and Conducător Ion Antonescu, but not by King Michael I.

The loss of Southern Dobruja did not cause an uproar in Romania, unlike the transfer of Northern Transylvania to Hungary in the almost-simultaneous Second Vienna Award, since Northern Transylvania was more important in the nationalist ideal, with the Romanian governments successively insisting on recovering it. The surrender of the Cadrilater ("Quadrilateral", another name for Southern Dobruja) was interpreted by the Romanian political class as "a mutilation of the country" forced by the pressures of the Axis, and by the authorities in Bulgaria as the "correction of an injustice".

On the insistence of Romania, the treaty involved a population exchange. The 103,711 Romanians who lived in the area were forced to leave their homes and move to Northern Dobruja, and the 62,278 Bulgarians residing in the northern part were forced to move to the south. Most of those Romanians were settlers who had emigrated to Southern Dobruja after the Treaty of Bucharest, which assigned the region to Romania. The Aromanian settlers, most of whom were native to Greece, were counted as Romanians and also left the zone. The case of the Megleno-Romanian settlers was not different; they were deported from Southern Dobruja and settled in the village of Cerna within Romanian borders.

Bulgaria had to compensate the displaced Romanians for their losses of equity, and pay Romania 1 million lei for investments made to the region. Although the bilateral treaty involved the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of people, it was carried out peacefully and in accordance with the international laws at the time: this contrasted sharply with Romania's concessions to the Soviet Union and to Hungary at this time, as both of those events saw considerable violence. Romania additionally proposed to exchange all members of the respective ethnic minorities residing in the rest of the two countries, but this was rejected by Bulgaria.

The forced relocations also affected the Dobrujan Germans, most of whom lived in Northern Dobruja, under Romanian rule, although some of them also lived in the Bulgarian southern part. They were ultimately transferred to Nazi Germany through the Heim ins Reich ("back home to the Reich") policy.

title: Treaty of Craiova


text:
Ed Barrow

Edward Grant Barrow (May 10, 1868 – December 15, 1953) was an American manager and front office executive in Major League Baseball. He served as the field manager of the Detroit Tigers and Boston Red Sox. He served as business manager (de facto general manager) of the New York Yankees from 1921 to 1939 and as team president from 1939 to 1945, and is credited with building the Yankee dynasty. Barrow was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953.

Born in a covered wagon in Springfield, Illinois, Barrow worked as a journalist and soap salesman before entering the business of baseball by selling concessions at games. From there, Barrow purchased minor league baseball teams, also serving as team manager, and served as president of the Atlantic League. After managing the Tigers in 1903 and 1904 and returning to the minor leagues, Barrow became disenchanted with baseball, and left the game to operate a hotel.

Barrow returned to baseball in 1910 as president of the Eastern League. After a seven-year tenure, Barrow managed the Red Sox from 1918 through 1920, leading the team to victory in the 1918 World Series. When Red Sox owner Harry Frazee began to sell his star players, Barrow joined the Yankees. During his quarter-century as their baseball operations chief, the Yankees won 14 AL pennants and 10 World Series titles.

Early life
Edward Grant Barrow was born on May 10, 1868, in Springfield, Illinois, the oldest of four children, all male, born to Effie Ann Vinson-Heller and John Barrow. Barrow's father fought in the Ohio Volunteer Militia during the American Civil War. Following the war, Barrow's parents, with John's mother, brothers, and sisters, traveled in a covered wagon to Nebraska; Barrow was born on a hemp plantation belonging to relatives during the trip. The Barrows lived in Nebraska for six years before moving to Des Moines, Iowa. His middle name, Grant, was bestowed on him in honor of Ulysses S. Grant, the Civil War general.

Barrow worked as mailing clerk for the Des Moines News in 1887, receiving a promotion to circulation manager within a year. He became a reporter for the Des Moines Leader after graduating from high school. He became city editor, earning $35 a week ($0 in current dollar terms). In his last two years living in Des Moines, Barrow established a baseball team, which included future baseball stars Fred Clarke, Ducky Holmes, and Herm McFarland.

Barrow moved to Pittsburgh in 1889, where he worked as a soap salesman, believing there was money in this business. However, Barrow lost all of money in this business, and went to work as a desk clerk in a Pittsburgh hotel.

Early career
Barrow partnered with Harry Stevens in 1894 to sell concessions at baseball games. He helped George Moreland form the Interstate League, a Class-C minor league, in 1894. Barrow, with Stevens and Al Buckenberger, purchased the Wheeling Nailers of the Interstate League in 1896. Barrow served as field manager until the collapse of the league that season. The team continued in the Iron and Oil League for the rest of the year.

Barrow then bought the Paterson Silk Weavers of the Class-A Atlantic League, managing them for the rest of the 1896 season. Barrow discovered Honus Wagner throwing lumps of coal at a railroad station in Pennsylvania, and signed him to his first professional contract. Barrow sold Wagner to the Louisville Colonels of the National League (NL) for $2,100 the next year ($0 in current dollar terms). With poor attendance, Barrow brought in professional boxers as a draw: he had James J. Corbett play first base while John L. Sullivan and James J. Jeffries umpired. He also hired Lizzie Arlington, the first woman in professional baseball, to pitch a few innings a game.

From 1897 through 1899, Barrow served as president of the Atlantic League. During this time, in the winter of 1898–99, Barrow and Jake Wells established a movie theater in Richmond, Virginia. Barrow managed Paterson again in 1899, but the league folded after the season.

With the money earned from the sale of the Richmond movie theater, Barrow purchased a one-quarter share of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the Class-A Eastern League in 1900 from Arthur Irwin, and served as the team's manager. Irwin, hired to be the manager of the Washington Senators of the NL, brought his most talented players with him. Rebuilding the Maple Leafs, Barrow acquired talented players, such as Nick Altrock, and the team improved from a fifth-place finish in 1899, to a third-place finish in 1900, and a second-place finish in 1901. The Maple Leafs won the league championship in 1902, even though they lost many of their most talented players, including Altrock, to the upstart American League (AL).

Managerial career
Barrow managed in the major leagues with the Detroit Tigers of the AL in 1903, finishing fifth, a 13-game improvement from their 1902 finish. With the Tigers, Barrow feuded with shortstop Kid Elberfeld. Tigers' owner Sam Angus sold the team to William H. Yawkey before the 1904 season. Barrow managed the Tigers again in 1904, but unable to coexist with Frank Navin, Yawkey's secretary-treasurer, Barrow tendered his resignation. He then managed the Montreal Royals of the Eastern League for the rest of the season. He managed the Indianapolis Indians of the Class-A American Association in 1905 and Toronto in 1906. Disheartened with baseball after finishing in last place, Barrow hired Joe Kelley to manage Toronto in 1907, and after signing the rest of the team's players, became manager of the Windsor Arms Hotel in Toronto.

Return to baseball
Barrow returned to baseball in 1910, managing Montreal. The Eastern League hired Barrow as its president the next year, giving him an annual salary of $7,500 ($0 in current dollar terms). He served in this role from 1911 through 1917, and engineered the name change to "International League" before the 1912 season. As league president, he contended with the creation of the Federal League in 1914, which competed as a major league, and established franchises in International League cities, including Newark, New Jersey, Buffalo, New York, and Baltimore, Maryland. He attempted to gain major league status for the league in 1914, but was unsuccessful. When the Federal League collapsed, Barrow was the only league president to forbid the outlaw players from playing in his league.

After the 1917 season, Barrow attempted to organize the "Union League", to compete against the AL and NL as a third major league, by merging four International League clubs with four teams from the American Association. Several International League owners opposed Barrow's policies, including his attempt to form the Union League, and felt he was too close personally to Ban Johnson. When the league's owners voted to cut his pay to $2,500 after the 1917 season ($0 in current dollar terms), Barrow resigned.

Boston Red Sox (1918–1920)
Barrow became manager of the Boston Red Sox in 1918. As the team lost many of its better players during World War I, Barrow encouraged owner Harry Frazee to purchase Stuffy McInnis, Wally Schang, Bullet Joe Bush, and Amos Strunk from the Philadelphia Athletics for $75,000 ($0 in current dollar terms). During the season, Barrow feuded with his assistant, Johnny Evers, who undermined Barrow's leadership. The Red Sox won the 1918 World Series. Recognizing that star pitcher Babe Ruth was also a great power hitter, Barrow had Ruth pinch hit on days when he wasn't scheduled to pitch. When Ruth told Barrow that he could only pitch or hit, Barrow decided that Ruth's bat was more useful than his pitching, and transitioned him from a pitcher into an outfielder.

After the 1918 season, Frazee, now in debt, began selling the contracts of star players. He traded Dutch Leonard, Duffy Lewis, and Ernie Shore to the New York Yankees, obtaining Ray Caldwell, Slim Love, Frank Gilhooley, Roxy Walters, and cash. Frazee sold Carl Mays to the Yankees during the 1919 season. The Red Sox struggled in 1919, finishing sixth in the AL. Frazee sold Ruth to the Yankees after the season, against Barrow's warnings. The Red Sox finished in fifth in 1920.

To date, Barrow is the only manager to win a World Series without previously playing in organized baseball, whether in the minors or majors.

New York Yankees (1920–1945)
After the 1920 season, Barrow resigned from the Red Sox to become the business manager of the Yankees, replacing the deceased Harry Sparrow. He took control of building the roster, which was usually the field manager's responsibility in those days. With the Yankees, Barrow handled the signing of player contracts, although owner Jacob Ruppert personally handled the contracts of Ruth and Lou Gehrig.

Barrow installed himself in the Yankees' infrastructure between co-owner Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston and manager Miller Huggins, as Huston frequently criticized Huggins. Barrow told Huggins: "You're the manager, and you'll not be second guessed by me. Your job is to win; mine is to get you the players you need to win." When Huggins suspended Ruth indefinitely on August 29, 1925 for "misconduct off the playing field", while also fining him $5,000 ($0 in current dollar terms), Barrow supported Huggins.

In his first move with the Yankees, Barrow brought Red Sox coach Paul Krichell with him to New York as a scout. He purchased a share in the club in 1924. He also discovered executive George Weiss, whom he mentored. Barrow also orchestrated a series of trades with his former club, mainly to keep Frazee afloat. These trades netted the Yankees such stars as Bullet Joe Bush, Joe Dugan and George Pipgras. It has been argued that these trades only looked lopsided in favor of the Yankees only because the players sent to Boston suffered a rash of injuries. However, this is belied by the fact that Barrow almost certainly knew who was coming to New York in these deals; he'd managed nearly all of them in Boston.

The Yankees sought to develop their own players, rather than buying them from other teams, especially after the investment of $100,000 ($0 in current dollar terms) in Lyn Lary and Jimmie Reese in 1927. However, Weiss and Bill Essick convinced Barrow to approve the purchase of Joe DiMaggio from the Pacific Coast League.

Barrow was considered a potential successor to AL president Ban Johnson in 1927, but Barrow declared that he was not interested in the job. When Huggins died in 1929, Barrow chose Bob Shawkey to replace him as manager, passing over Ruth, who wanted the opportunity to become a player-manager. Barrow also effectively blackballed Ruth from MLB's managerial ranks by suggesting to executives of other teams that Ruth was not equipped to manage a baseball team. Although Ruth and Barrow had been together for all but one season from 1918 to 1934, the two never got along. The Sporting News named Barrow their Executive of the Year in 1937.

After Ruppert's death in 1939, his will left the Yankees and other assets in a trust for his descendants. The will also named Barrow president of the Yankees, with full authority over the team's day-to-day operations. Barrow was named Executive of the Year by The Sporting News in 1941, the second time he won the award. The estate sold the team to a group of Larry MacPhail, Dan Topping, and Del Webb in 1945, and Barrow sold his 10% stake in the team to the group. Barrow remained as chairman of the board and an informal adviser. Though he signed a five-year contract to remain with the team, he exercised a clause in his contract to free himself as of December 31, 1946, in order to officially retire from baseball. AL president Will Harridge offered Barrow the job of Commissioner of Baseball to succeed Kenesaw Mountain Landis; Barrow declined, as he felt he was too old and his health was in decline.

Personal life
Barrow was known as "Uncle Egbert" to his friends; according to writer Tom Meany, Babe Ruth referred to him as "Barrows," treating him as if he were "a butler in an English drawing room comedy." He resided in Rye, New York. He first married in 1898, but did not discuss it in any of his writings. His second marriage was to Fannie Taylor Briggs in January 1912; he raised her five-year-old daughter from her previous marriage, Audrey, as his own daughter.

Barrow was an able boxer. He once fought John L. Sullivan in an exhibition for four rounds.

Barrow was hospitalized on July 7, 1953 at the United Hospital of Port Chester, New York and died on December 15, at the age of 85, due to a malignancy. His body was kept at Campbell's Funeral Home and interred in Kensico Cemetery in Valhalla, Westchester County, New York.

Legacy
Barrow was the first executive to put numbers on player uniforms. He also announced the retirement of Lou Gehrig's uniform number, the first number to be retired. Barrow was also the first executive to allow fans to keep foul balls that entered the stands. Barrow was also the first to require the playing of "The Star-Spangled Banner", the United States' national anthem, before every game, not only on holidays.

In May 1950, an exhibition game was played in honor of Barrow, with Barrow managing a team of retired stars. Barrow was named on the Honor Rolls of Baseball in 1946 and elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee in 1953.

On April 15, 1954, the Yankees dedicated a plaque to Barrow; the plaque first hung on the center field wall at Yankee Stadium, near the flagpole and the monuments to Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig and Miller Huggins. The plaques were later moved to the stadium's Monument Park.

title: Ed Barrow


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject New York City Public Transportation/New York City Subway/Historical Discussion

BMT Map
Looked over the map. Great progress! I'll start at the bottom and incrementally make my way up.
 * Sea Beach Line former alignment: Sea Beach Terminal (Palace) was more or less in between West End Terminal (Stillwell) and Culver Depot (W8), so the dotted line should begin about where you show it and go straight down. For perspective, it was at the east end of Luna Park, much of which was built on Sea Beach property.
 * I have it going to the east end of Luna Park, right at W 8th St. --SPUI (talk) 21:54, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, not quite. Sea Beach Palace extended from the line of W10 to a point roughly between the lines of W9 (if it existed) and W8. The passenger tracks came in roughly at W10. When the Sea Beach Land Company sold land for Luna Park (and Sea Beach trains were moved to West End Depot) a bypass for freight was built around the east side of Sea Beach Palace, curving into what became the Norton's Point Line of the Culver. So you had (west to east) Sea Beach Palace, the freight line, then LA Thompson's Railway and finally W8. You can get an idea from this 1888 map. What I'm trying to avoid is the impression that the Sea Beach was very near Culver Depot, which was between W5 and W8. In fact, the Sea Beach was closer to West End Terminal. -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 22:51, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Culver LIRR connections. There was also a curve from LIRR west to Culver North. I'll give you dates later. The Culver south to LIRR west connection survived under about 1975, freight only.
 * I really only want to show passenger service though. Maybe I'll remove the dates; too many are very approximate. --SPUI (talk) 21:54, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The northeast quadrant was passenger. Seyfried should have better dates. I'll look.
 * The wording "former extension of Culver Line" would better read "first route of Culver Line" since it predated the line to 39th Street Ferry. This trackage remained in passenger service as the McDonald Avenue trolley until 1956.
 * Hmmm, I'll add that it was the McDonald Ave Trolley. I'm not really using extension to mean that it was literally built after; I may just remove extension and say 'former XX line'. --SPUI (talk) 21:54, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

More to come... -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 21:17, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Here are some more:

 * The Brighton-LIRR connection was 1878-1883.
 * Service numbers:
 * There should be no 3 on the Broadway Line below the Manhattan Bridge branch.
 * You're right, tunnel service ended at City Hall. --SPUI (talk) 17:52, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 14 did not go south of Canal Street on the Nassau Street Line
 * It did in 1924. --SPUI (talk) 17:52, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 13 should show on the 14th Line 8th Ave. to Pitkin Avenue -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 04:49, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmmm, the only mention of that I see calls it 'Fulton Street-14th Street-Canarsie', without giving it a number. I could see it as 13 or 16. However, the '4th Avenue-Nassau Loop' service has to have been 2, so I'm adding that to the Nassau Loop. --SPUI (talk) 17:52, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 14th St.-Fulton St. carried "13" on the Multis to distinguish them from "16" Canrasies using the same equipment.

What year for the map?
Is this an all-time map? If we have "14" going south of Canal in 1924, it is not comtemporaneous with showing the Nassau Street Line, which opened in 1931, or 14th Street service to Canarsie. If we have to settle on a year, I think maybe 1939.

As to Nassau Street, all Southern Division subway lines used Nassau Street, except Sea Beach. The rush hours configuration was as follows:
 * 1 - Brighton Specials : one way loop
 * 2 - Fourth Avenue Express: one way loop
 * 3 - West End Local: northbound loop only
 * 5 - Culver Express: southbound loop only

and just for fun, on summer sundays (and sometimes saturday):
 * 7 - Franklin-Nassau via bridge to Chambers Street -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 18:34, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I'm not really trying to have one year for it, but to show how the services have gone over the years. How did the 7 get to the bridge - did it reverse at Prospect Park? Or did it go to Coney Island and then continue along one of the other lines? --SPUI (talk) 18:44, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It went down the Brighton Line as an express. It came into track A at Stillwell then ran on the Sea Beach express tracks to 59th, 36th, Pacific, then Chambers Street via bridge where it used the turning tracks usually used by the 10. Exactly the reverse coming back except Track D at Stillwell. -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 19:21, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

In re: 5th and 3d Avenue els
37th Street. Cecropia | explains it all ® 05:09, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm curious - what's the source for this? says 38th - "The line ran on 3rd Ave to 38th Street, turned on 38th Street for two blocks before turning again onto 5th Ave." --SPUI (talk) 13:12, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * My source is my typing. It's my keyboard's fault--they put the "7" next to the "8" and I didn't catch it. :( It is 38th Street. -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 19:14, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Image:BMT map.png has been updated once again. I fixed more stuff, and removed the Manhattan service patterns (which I'll make a separate map for). --SPUI (talk) 02:54, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm really getting done to minutiae now, but I guess you'd want to hear them and "be governed accordingly." :)
 * Maybe I made an error in describing it to you, but the third connection at Parkville (LIRR/Culver) was LIRR east to Culver north. It was used for a service from Brooklyn Bridge via 5th Ave el, Culver, LIRR Bay Ridge Line (name now), Manhattan Beach branch to Manhattan Beach. This was an LIRR service, not a BRT service. This was when LIRR owned Culver Line.
 * Showing the Franklin-Nassau 7 on the map to Chambers may puzzle people since it is such a counter-intuitive service (but ran for a quarter-century). Do you think it should have an asterisk or something?
 * I guess you could show a 5 on Norton's Point if you're so minded. It was an elevated service until (IIRC) 1919.
 * Brighton Line: I don't know if you care about the shape of lines or not. The [Sheepshead Bay] Race Track branch was shaped like a cup handle--made a big curve from south to north then straightened out east. This was to jockey around LIRR tracks and still have enough straight trackage to enter a terminal at Ocean Avenue near (current) Avenue X (adjacent to a similar LIRR spur).
 * Brighton Line to Manhattan Beach. There was a switch NW to SE below Sheepshead Bay for Brighton Train access to LIRR Manhattan Beach in the first decade of the 20th century. Trolley wire was string for this and IIRC it was the first Brighton electric service of any kind.
 * Brighton Line shoo-fly. During a period of more than a year 1906-1907 the Brighton Line operated on the OLD Manhattan Beach Line (surface) under trolley wire while the Brighton and MB both were placed on the current embankment between E15/E16 Streets. This was an electric service, trolley wire again. The shoo-fly began south of Manhattan Junction to the LIRR and returned south of Sheepshead Bay (LIRR station) on a NE to SW switch at about the same location as the NW to SE switch I mentioned above. There is a picture of a train on the Sheepshead shoo-fly switch here (bottom pic on page). You can get an idea what the Brighton and LIRR routes at the time looked like on [here http://rapidtransit.net/net/gcbook/images/m3.gif].

-- Cecropia | explains it all ® 05:40, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Montrose Basin

Montrose Basin is a nearly circular tidal basin which makes up part of the estuary of the River South Esk and which sits just inland of the town of Montrose in Angus on the east coast of Scotland. The basin is protected by a number of designations; it is managed by the Scottish Wildlife Trust as a Wildlife Reserve, as well as being designated as a Local Nature Reserve, Site of Special Scientific Interest, a Special Protection Area and a Ramsar Site.

Habitat
The enclosed tidal basin has a variety of habitats within it from exposed tidal mudflats to saltmarsh, reedbed and fen and its surroundings of arable farmland and pasture. The section of the basin at Maryton is an important site for the study of the sea level fluctuations following the end of the last glaciation. The SPA includes the small, eutrophic freshwater loch called Dun's Dish. The basin contains the largest area of saltmarsh in Angus.

Wildlife
The extensive mudflats are home to large populations of invertebrates, especially annelid worms, the snail Hydrobia and the amphipod Corophium. There are also beds of mussels Mytilus edulis. The flora includes beds consisting of three species of eel grass, Zostera, and algae. The mudflats support numbers of waders and wildfowl including Eurasian oystercatcher, common redshank, red knot, mute swan, Eurasian wigeon and common eider. Large flocks of pink-footed goose and greylag goose use the basin to roost in and feed in the surrounding farmland. As well as wintering eiders the basin supports a large breeding population. In all 213 species of bird have been recorded on the basin, most being winter visitors or passage migrants and just over 50 species are thought to breed.

A visitor centre was opened on the south side of the basin at Rossie Braes by the Scottish Wildlife Trust in 1995.

History
The Montrose Basin Heritage Society was formed in 1999 to bring together information about the basin, including its history and archaeology. The oldest evidence for humans in the area dating back as far as over 3,000 BCE, this being the linear monument, known as the cursus, which runs from Powis to Old Montrose.

The Basin has been exploited for its seafood, especially the Atlantic salmon but commercial fisheries for this species ended in 2018; and mussel cultivation gave it the largest mussel beds in the country during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

The Montrose Basin was hit by a tsunami in 6,100 BCE, generated by the massive underwater Storegga Slide, in Norway. It was 70 ft high when it hit the basin, with the waters travelling inland as far as Forfar.

title: Montrose Basin


text:
Talk:Internal Dobrujan Revolutionary Organisation

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text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Simone Simons

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 13:10, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Simone Simons
Vanity. Xezbeth 21:18, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity, person not yet notable. RJFJR 21:28, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes; delete. Samaritan 22:58, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 05:37, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Richard Hawkins

Admiral Sir Richard Hawkins (or Hawkyns) (c. 1562 – 17 April 1622) was a 17th-century English seaman, explorer and privateer. He was the son of Admiral Sir John Hawkins.

Biography
He was from his earlier days familiar with ships and the sea, and in 1582 he accompanied his uncle, William Hawkins, to the West Indies. In 1585 he was captain of a galliot in Drake's expedition to the Spanish main, in 1588 he commanded a queen's ship against the Armada, and in 1590 his father's expedition at the coast of Portugal.

In 1593 he purchased the galleon Dainty (built for the voyage of discovery), a vessel originally built for his father and used by him in his expeditions, and sailed for the West Indies, the Spanish Main and the South Seas. It seems clear that his project was to prey on the oversea possessions of Spanish crown. Hawkins, however, in an account of the voyage written thirty years afterwards, maintained, and by that time perhaps had really persuaded himself, that his expedition was undertaken purely for the purpose of geographical discovery.

After visiting the coast of Brazil, the Dainty encountered a storm off the mouth of the Magellan Strait and was blown eastward. On 2 February 1594, Hawkins saw land "... about nine of the clocke in the morning, wee descried land, which bare South-West of us, which we looked not for so timely and coming neerer and neerer unto it, by the lying, wee could not conjecture what land it could be... It hath great Rivers of fresh waters; for the out-shoot of them colours the Sea ... The Land, for that it was discovered in the Reigne of Queene Elizabeth, my Sovereigne Lady and Mistris, and a Mayden Queene, and at my cost and adventure, in a perpetual memory of her chastitie, and remembrance of my endevours, I gave it the name of Hawkins Maiden land ... the Westernmost part lyeth some threescore leagues from the neerest Land of America". This land is now known as the Falkland Islands.

Hawkins then sailed back to the South American mainland and passed through the Straits of Magellan, and in due course reached Valparaíso.

Having plundered the town, Hawkins pushed north, and in June 1594, a year after leaving Plymouth, he arrived in the Bay of San Mateo, at the mouth of the Esmeraldas river, nowadays Ecuador, at the position 1.01739°N, -79.60847°W. Here the Dainty was attacked by two Spanish ships. Hawkins was hopelessly outmatched, but Dainty's crew defended her with gallantry. At last, when he himself had been severely wounded, 27 of his men killed, and the Dainty was nearly sinking, he surrendered on 1 July 1594 on the promise of a safe-conduct out of the country for himself and his crew.

Through no fault of the Spanish commander, this promise was not kept. In 1597 Hawkins was sent to Spain, and imprisoned first at Seville and subsequently at Madrid. He was released in 1602, and, returning to England, was knighted in 1603 and elected Mayor of Plymouth the same year.

During the voyage, Hawkins made a series of observations about the efficacy of citrus fruits, specifically "sower oranges and lemmons," for successfully treating scurvy—a debilitating disease for early explorers and sailors. While James Lind is often credited with proving the benefits of citrus for curing scurvy, Hawkins, more than a century earlier, was also convinced of its benefits and wrote about it: "This is a wonderful secret of the power and wisedome of God, that hath hidden so great and unknown virtue in this fruit, to be a certaine remedie for this infirmitie"

In 1604 he became Member of Parliament for Plymouth and Vice-Admiral of Devon, a post which, as the coast was swarming with pirates (following the prohibition of English privateering in 1603 ), was no sinecure. In this role, Hawkins was more sympathetic to English pirates than to their often-Spanish victims, rarely taking pirates to trial, instead either taking the pirates' loot or selling a "discharge" to them before releasing them. Aside from a brief suspension between August 1606 and April 1607, he retained this post till 1610.

In 1605, Hawkins was named in the founding charter of the Spanish Company as one of the 557 founding members. In 1620 to 1621 he was vice-admiral, under Sir Robert Mansell of the fleet sent into the Mediterranean to reduce the Algerian corsairs. He died in London on 17 April 1622.

Works
Hawkins wrote the memories of his trip under the title Voiage into the South Sea (1622), which became the most famous adventure of the Elizabethan era, re-published by the Hakluyt Society in 1847, and reworked in Charles Kingsley's Westward Ho! (1855). He depicts the Spaniards in the Americas in a positive way, judging them as "temperate" and "gentle".

title: Richard Hawkins


text:
Robert's Quartet

Robert's Quartet is a compact galaxy group approximately 160 million light-years away in the constellation Phoenix. It is a family of four very different galaxies whose proximity to each other has caused the creation of about 200 star-forming regions and pulled out a stream of gas and dust 100,000 light years long. Its members are NGC 87, NGC 88, NGC 89 and NGC 92, discovered by John Herschel on the 30 September 1834.

The quartet is one of the best examples of compact galaxy groups. Because such groups contain four to eight galaxies in a very small region they are excellent laboratories for the study of galactic interactions and their effects, in particular on the formation of stars. The quartet has a total visual magnitude of almost 13. The brightest member of the group is NGC 92, having the blue magnitude of 13.8. On the sky, the four galaxies are all within a circle of radius of 1.6 arcmin, corresponding to about 75,000 light-years. It was named by Halton Arp and Barry F. Madore, who compiled A Catalogue of Southern Peculiar Galaxies and Associations in 1987. Arp and Madore named Robert's Quartet after Robert Freedman who generated many of the updated positions of galaxies in the catalogue.

title: Robert's Quartet


text: Category:High schools in New Mexico

title: Category:High schools in New Mexico


text:
John 20:18

John 20:18 is the eighteenth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. It occurs after Jesus' resurrection and appearance to Mary Magdalene. In the previous verse Jesus has given Mary a message to deliver to his disciples, this verse describes how she delivers it.

Content
The original Koine Greek, according to the Textus Receptus, reads:
 * ἔρχεται Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνὴ ἀπαγγέλλουσα τοῖς μαθηταῖς ὅτι ἑώρακεν τὸν κύριον καὶ ταῦτα εἶπεν αὐτῇ

In the King James Version of the Bible it is translated as:
 * Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her.

The modern World English Bible translates the passage as:
 * Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had said these things to her.

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub John 20:18

Analysis
The account given in the Gospel of John differs from those in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, while all four describe the meeting between Mary and the disciples, and mention other appearances by Jesus. In Mark 16:7 and Matthew 28:7 the angel(s) give the women the task to inform the disciples concerning Jesus' later appearance in Galilee, whereas in Luke 24:33 the two disciples from Emmaus return to Jerusalem to inform the eleven, but in John, Mary Magdalene is the one reporting both her meeting with Jesus and his message. That it was Mary who was sent to tell the disciples of the resurrection is considered by some scholars to reflect the central importance of Mary, leading Saint Augustine, for instance, to call Mary the "Apostle to the Apostles." When reporting her experience, Mary was more concerned about her meeting with Jesus than with the message regarding the ascension.

John does not record how the disciples responded Mary's message, but it can be assumed that the reaction may not be any better than when they heard the women's report about the empty tomb.

title: John 20:18


text:
Perelman

Perelman (פרלמן) is an Ashkenazi Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Bob Perelman (b. 1947), American poet
 * Chaïm Perelman (1912–1984), Polish-born Belgian philosopher of law
 * Deb Perelman, creator of the Smitten Kitchen blog
 * Eliezer Ben-Yehuda (born Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman) (1858-1922), Russian Jewish lexicographer of the Hebrew language and newspaper editor
 * Grigori Perelman (b. 1966), Russian mathematician who proved the Poincaré conjecture
 * Mikhail Perelman (1923–2002), Soviet gymnast, winner of Olympic gold medal
 * Raymond G. Perelman (1917–2019), American businessman and philanthropist
 * Richard B. Perelman, author of Perelman's Pocket Cyclopedia of Cigars
 * Ronald Perelman (b.1943), American banker, businessman, and investor
 * S. J. Perelman (1904–1979), American humorist, author, and screenwriter
 * Sean Kanan (b. 1966 as Sean Perelman), American actor
 * Vadim Perelman (b. 1963), Ukrainian-born Canadian-American film director
 * Yakov Perelman (1882–1942), Soviet science-writer and author of popular science-books

title: Perelman


text: Category:Education in New Mexico

title: Category:Education in New Mexico