text:
Lantzville

Lantzville is a coastal community on the east side of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, along the western shore of the Strait of Georgia and immediately north of Nanaimo.

The District of Lantzville was incorporated on June 25, 2003. It covers an area of 27.08 km2 and has a population of 3,807. The district is almost completely residential, with some commercial buildings on Lantzville Road (formerly part of the Island Highway).

The area is served by the coast-spanning Island Highway and the Island Rail Corridor.

History
Lantzville was originally a mining town and is named after its American founder, Fraser Harry Lantz who invested in a coal mine in Nanoose.

In honour of its history as a coal mining area, Lantzville annually celebrates Minetown Day, which is a community fair. According to Lantzville: The First Hundred Years, the first European settler in the area was an English Coal Miner named Emanuel Wiles, also known as Robert Emanuel or Bob. Lantzville is a tourist destination with a number of well located bed and breakfast operations.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Lantzville had a population of 3,817 living in 1,520 of its 1,568 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of 3,605. With a land area of 27.68 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Religion
According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Lantzville included:
 * Irreligion (2,440 persons or 63.9%)
 * Christianity (1,285 persons or 33.6%)
 * Buddhism (15 persons or 0.4%)
 * Other (55 persons or 1.4%)

Education
Lantzville is home to Seaview Elementary School which is K - 7 and part of the Nanaimo-Ladysmith School District #68. There is also a local private school called Aspengrove School, which is JK - 12.

Grades 8 - 12 are schooled in Nanaimo at Dover Bay Secondary School.

Notable residents

 * John Wilson
 * Dylan Ferguson
 * Callum Montgomery

title: Lantzville


text:
Talk:Chubu Centrair International Airport

Minor Wording issue
The article has The name "Centrair" (セントレア, Sentorea?) is an abbreviation of Central Japan International Airport, an alternate translation used in the English name of the airport's operating company, Central Japan International Airport Co., Ltd. Would this more properly be called a contraction rather than an abbreviation? Or is there another term for this? --MountainLogic (talk) 20:07, 17 November 2009 (UTC)

Move page?
Considering that this airport seems to have "Central Japan International Airport" as its official name, should we move the page to that title?--Huaiwei 04:37, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Someone just moved the page to Chubu Centrair International Airport, which again does not seem to be the official name. Its official full name seems to be "Central Japan International Airport", with Centrair as its official abbreviation?--Huaiwei 08:30, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Apparently, the goofy "Centrair" is part of the airport's official name. Japan Centrair International Airport is the official name, but I don't think any sensible native English speaker would think of that (especially in contrast to its official Japanese name).
 * From Centrair's official website, its official full name is Central Japan International Airport, while its official nickname is Centrair.--Huaiwei 16:04, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

According to Japanese Page, It's official name is "Chubu Centrair International Airport". Certainly, "Centrair" is the nickname of Chubu Airport, but it's included in the official name. The fact is the first case in Japan. "Central Japan International Airport" is the name of Chubu Airport administrating company.133.6.158.1 09:03, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * According to the Japanese page, its page title was indeed writtern as Central Japan International Airport. ie, 中部国際空港 IS Central Japan International Airport. "Centrair" is writtern as セントレア in Japanese, and it does not appear in the Japanese page title. Whoever added the English translation in that was wrong.
 * in addition, refer to this page which tells u exactly what the names are in English. About Centrair. I have yet to see any reference in the official airport website refering to the airport as Chubu Centrair International Airport?--Huaiwei 09:55, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

According to Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Government of Japan Press Rerease(Japanese text only), the Official name of Chubu Airport is decided "Chubu Centrair International Airport"(Ref. page 3 of 6).Doraneko 13:31, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Alrught then. Thanks! ;)--Huaiwei 08:08, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

However, the company that runs Centrair Airport is the Central Japan International Airport Co., Ltd. Keep yourselves confused. ;)

Rename Page?
In fact, Japanese "中部国際空港" means "Chubu International Airport" in English, but the official name of this airport in English is "Chubu Centrair International Airport". Anyone rename the page title...?

So I suggest the title of this page return to "Chubu Centrair International Airport". 210.139.212.92 16:31, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I've done this, as the talk page was at CCIA, too. If someone is against this, (s)he should file a WP:RM and not take unilateral action; thanks. — Nightst a  llion  (?) 11:50, 30 May 2006 (UTC)
 * What's wrong with people? The official English name is clearly Central Japan International Airport, and its nickname is Centrair. This information can be gleaned from both the airport's English website and the operating company's English website. In addition, the company I work for was directly involved in much of the early translation work for the airport leading up to its opening - unfortunately, CJIAC chose to ignore our suggestion that the airport be named Chubu International Airport (as they chose to ignore many other suggestions which have ultimately led to some strange English at the airport).Mugi 08:30, 26 June 2006 (UTC)

Moved to conform standards
This page has been moved into Chūbu Centrair International Airport in terms of style standards. Please be sure to check all double redirects to avoid conflicts. Big  top  20:58, 6 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Done. Big  top  23:57, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

Logo for Centrair
Could you try to provide a logo for this airport? Thanks. Big  top  20:44, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

The new runway
Article states that the new runway along with 3km^2 of land will cost about 17 billion USD. I believe this is far too exaggerated and should be wrong: even the Transalp project or Egnatia Odos will cost much less. The article states below that the initial budget of the airport was in the region of 7 billion usd. Although I aknowledge the very high salaries and costs in Japan, I think this is too too much. Also, even if it's true, it proves the initial $17bn figure wrong: how come the extension cost more than the entire initial project (which appears to be much larger), given that is done only two or three years ago?

NRT "international" flight
Under current rules of listing destinations, the Northwest flight to NRT was kind of hidden. I've added a footnote explaining this connection. There may be other airlines having similar flights that probably should be explained. HkCaGu (talk) 19:25, 1 March 2009 (UTC)
 * They don't have pickup rights on this and you cannot book a NRT-NGO-NRT flight on NWA.com so therefore we shouldn't list it. Cashier freak (talk) 23:36, 1 March 2009 (UTC)
 * But the problem is, if not listed, it gives the impression that there are no way you can get to the States, but the fact is, NGO-NRT brings you all the connections. The catch is that the flight number is SPN-NGO-NRT and doesn't go beyond that.  Another example, QF JFK, you at least have SYD to list (and there is already a footnote hinting possibility of LAX connection not to SYD). HkCaGu (talk) 23:56, 1 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I've added Narita back. I think it's a special case that defies the intent of this rule, and the special immigration and customs treatment of the flight deserves mention since it is unique within Japan. Sekicho (talk) 07:27, 8 June 2011 (UTC)
 * This is a list of destinations. The question is can you board a Delta flight at Nagoya and terminate your travels in Tokyo? This is just simply an international connection. Snoozlepet (talk) 01:11, 9 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't lean too tight either way between "don't list with note" and "list with note". But listing NRT at NGO here would lead to other issues. (1) What about NGO at NRT? (There's no fifth freedom like other Asian destinations, but then we've decided not to list Asia at U.S. airports anyway, so for NRT, NGO is like HKG or BKK or SIN. (2) What about QF LAX-JFK and UA SYD-MEL? People can actually fly those two routes alone on one day given that it is part of an international itinerary purchased and flown from the airline's homeland. Listing NGO-NRT (which is an impossible itinerary) will require QF LAX-JFK and UA SYD-MEL to be listed (with notes). HkCaGu (talk) 03:35, 9 June 2011 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page
Cyberbot II has detected that page contains external links that have either been globally or locally blacklisted. Links tend to be blacklisted because they have a history of being spammed, or are highly innappropriate for Wikipedia. This, however, doesn't necessarily mean it's spam, or not a good link. If the link is a good link, you may wish to request whitelisting by going to the request page for whitelisting. If you feel the link being caught by the blacklist is a false positive, or no longer needed on the blacklist, you may request the regex be removed or altered at the blacklist request page. If the link is blacklisted globally and you feel the above applies you may request to whitelist it using the before mentioned request page, or request its removal, or alteration, at the request page on meta. When requesting whitelisting, be sure to supply the link to be whitelisted and wrap the link in nowiki tags. The whitelisting process can take its time so once a request has been filled out, you may set the invisible parameter on the tag to true. Please be aware that the bot will replace removed tags, and will remove misplaced tags regularly.

Below is a list of links that were found on the main page:

 * http://www.airport-technology.com/projects/central_asia/
 * Triggered by  on the local blacklist

If you would like me to provide more information on the talk page, contact User:Cyberpower678 and ask him to program me with more info.

From your friendly hard working bot.— cyberbot II NotifyOnline 13:45, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

✅ This issue has been resolved, and I have therefore removed the tag, if not already done. No further action is necessary.— cyberbot II NotifyOnline 20:14, 9 April 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060901151717/http://enjoy.centrair.jp/en/floor-map/flm-4/flm-brick/index.html to http://enjoy.centrair.jp/en/floor-map/flm-4/flm-brick/index.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060901151852/http://enjoy.centrair.jp/en/floor-map/flm-4/flm-lantern/index.html to http://enjoy.centrair.jp/en/floor-map/flm-4/flm-lantern/index.html
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text:
Talk:Belinda Stronach/Archive 1

About Belinda Stronach
Guys, does anyone else realize that she isn't the leader of the Conservative Party? At least not yet, she's running to be the leader. What were you guys thinking? Also, she isn't a prominent Canadian politician, no one in politics even knew who she was until last week. [That's fixed now.]

 * Most people realized it before you I'm sure. dave 15:27, 27 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * So what's your point? At least I pointed it out... Shawn

 * I was just confused by your "What were you guys thinking?" question. dave 21:29, 28 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Anyone have a public domain picture of her that we can put in the article? All the ones at belinda.ca are copyrighted. dave 22:11, 22 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * Would not the photo in the press section have to be copyright-free? -- stewacide 08:16, 23 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Who is the first most powerful woman in business? Carly Fiorina?-戴&#30505sv

Fiorina is the most powerful woman in American business. Here's what Fortune says about the most powerful women in international business, outside the U.S:

 * Marjorie Scardino, CEO of Britain's Pearson, was ranked the number one woman in international business, followed by Belinda Stronach, CEO and president of Canada's Magna International, Anne Lauvergeon, executive chairman of France's Areva, and Patricia Barbizet, chief executive of France's Artemis. Sunray 06:24, 2004 Jan 24 (UTC)

 * Although I would'nt generally call Fortune a source, its just a typical who's who list, so I suppose that its nothing to take issue with. ;) -戴&#30505sv 14:21, 25 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * The Fortune 500, not a source? I'm shocked! Sunray 08:05, 2004 Jan 27 (UTC)

Who removed the picture? dave 21:45, 28 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * It was a wikipedia wide problem. I uploaded it again.  dave 19:49, 29 Jan 2004 (UTC)

A Social Democrat???
User 24.222.32.250 repeatedly claims that Ms. Stronach is a social democrat. I'm asking for proof of that. She is, after all, a member of the Conservative Party. In Canada, members of the Convervative Party are generally not referred to as "social democrats." It is an absurd notion. Despite the fact that she supports unions and has other progressive ideas, she is not, by definition, a social democrat. If she were to cross the floor of the House and join the NDP, that would be evidence that she was a social democrat. I've tried a couple of alternate wordings (e.g. "her views are to the left of many in the Conservative Party"), but 24.222.32.250 continually reverts my edits. I'm hereby asking 24.222.32.250 to discuss this. Sunray 07:56, 2004 Dec 5 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your response, michaelm. It is clear that you think that Ms. Stronach is a social democrat.  I would like to see a record that someone else thinks this and has documented it in print (i.e., evidence).  Then, I'm suggesting one further step: That there be some rational argument for stating this (i.e., proof).  You say "people do view her as a social democrat."  Who has this view?  She may not be happy with the conservatives, but as long as she remains in that party, neither she nor any of her colleagues in parliament would be likely to refer to her as a social democrat.  So there would have to be some fairly strong documentation (e.g. of a credible political scientist arguing that she is, in fact, a social democrat).  Meanwhile, the statement that she is "to the left of many in the conservative party" covers what you are saying, without making an un-encyclopedic leap into the speculative. Sunray 06:15, 2004 Dec 6 (UTC)

 * I would like to see some evidence of this as well. Although I can't comment on Belinda's "happiness" in the Conservative caucus, I did get the impression during the leadership run that she was a definite economic conservative - i.e. in favour of big business, across the board tax cuts, "grow the economic pie" economics, etc. She's certainly to the left of most (if not, yes, all) of the Conservative caucus on social issues (abortion, SSM, etc.) but no social democrat would agree with the aforementioned economic philosophies. (These policies imply more limited social advocacy, something Social Democrats disagree with.) It also should be noted that one can still be for the existence of a union / in favour of job rights and a conservative, i.e. one doesn't have to believe all unions/worker rights should be abolished to be a conservative. I would like to see sources on Belinda's union views. -- Matty j 22:08, Dec 6, 2004 (UTC)

 * I understand what you are saying. You have assessed some of her stands as being social democratic in nature.  But don't forget that the former Progressive Conservative party has taken all of those positions in the past.  Whatever her beliefs, she cannot be both a Conservative member of parliament and a social democrat (they would cast her out of the party in a trice).  So how about we wait for her to cross the floor and then write her up as a social democrat.  Does that work for you?  Sunray 07:57, 2004 Dec 7 (UTC)

 * I believe the statement that "Belinda put in a trade union (UAW) in the Detroit Magna plant" is almost certainly extremely mistaken; do you have a documented citation? (What's more, why aren't all the rest of the Magna plants she was responsible for unionized?) Corporations and corporate leaders often both give to charity and oppose unions; the first hardly precludes the second. For whatever personal background is worth, I'm in the NDP as well (we Canadian wikipedians seem disproportionately to be) and the claims made and scenario projected would floor the jaws of myself and other New Democrats I know. Samaritan 19:38, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I went through this whole discussion with michaelm in November - the history section sems to have been wiped out for February to November, for some reason. I asked repeatedly for evidence, and got none. Several other regular contributors participated in the discussion, and refuted his arguments. It seems that Michaelm has nothing to offer but his deeply-held belief and probably a lot of wishful thinking. But that is not enough for an encyclopedia article. Samaritan and others do have the right to change articles to remove statements for which no evidence has been provided. If Stronach were a social democrat, it would have made a lot more sense for her to join the NDP and try to build that party, rather than try to convince a whole party of conservatives to change their views. As I said before, if Stronach leaves the CPC, then we will change the article and acknowledge michaelm's foresight. Until then, or until she says "I am a social democrat", there is no room for such nonsense in the article. Kevintoronto 16:28, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Samaritan and Kevintoronto each make a strong case for not calling Ms. Stronach a "social democrat." Other users, myself included, have made the same point.  To his credit, michaelm has stopped adding that to the article.  However, he has been adding other information that doesn't seem to be supported by evidence.  Samaritan raises the question of whether there is evidence that "Belinda put in a trade union (UAW) in the Detroit Magna plant."  michaelm says this is true, but doesn't provide the reference to support it.  IMO, what we need to get this article unprotected is for michaelm to provide that reference or agree to a change in the article and to agree to only make edits that are supported by evidence.  michaelm can you agree with that? Sunray 20:22, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)

Okay... that's great... can you give us a source, michaelm? A website address for example? Thanks. Kevintoronto 21:18, 13 Dec 2004 (UTC)

[]

 * I have not edited anybody's comments here. I agree that Magna stopped fighting the UAW before the National Labor Relations Board, and Belinda made a diplomatic comment or two. I would agree to a statement to this effect in the article. It is an enormous jump from here to saying she is a social democrat and likely to join the NDP. Paul Martin had some positive interactions with his workers' unions when he ran Canada Steamship Lines. Brian Mulroney was a charming labour lawyer and to the best of my memory got along awfully well with his workers' unions at the Iron Ore Company of Canada. I await the argument, equally valid with the evidence presented, that Paul Martin and Brian Mulroney are also social democrats and are also liable to join the NDP and steer it to the left. Samaritan 02:57, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Also, she is International Trade spokesperson for the Conservatives as we speak. International trade issues are among the absolute most important issues to many members and activists in the NDP and labour, and NDP/labour positions are almost diametrically opposed to Conservative positions. Does she support the NDP/labour positions or the Conservative positions on these issues central to her role in Parliament? Samaritan 03:07, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree with Samaritan that this article is not sufificent evidenfce to convince me that she is pro-union, let alone a social democrat. Agreeing to stop fighting against a union is not the same as supporting them. Is Stephen harper that stupid that he would name a supposed opponent of free trade as his trade critic? I don't think so. While I respect your deeply-held beliefs on this issue, michaelm, Wikipedia requires more proof that just what you sense in Stronach. Let me ask you this, if Stronach were editing this article, would she call herself a social democrat? I don't think so. Kevintoronto 15:14, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Heck, I'm all for just about anybody joining the NDP, but this isn't enough to add this assertion to everybody's biography on Wikipedia. :) As to the assertion she's against free trade, see the verbatim speech transcript where she praises the Conservatives as the party that brought us free trade, cited below. Samaritan 05:23, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Paragraph to work on
Besides the "social democrat" question, let's sit down and look at this paragraph in the currently protected version of the article:

At her campaign launch, Stronach surprised many with her opposition to free trade and her support of grass-root politics, lowering tuition fees and make tuition tax-deductible, gun control, same-sex marriage, abortion rights, and public Medicare (positions opposed by most Conservative caucus members).
 * In this major 2004 speech in Toronto, she praised the Conservatives as the party who brought Canada free trade. The most she may have said, elsewhere, was that certain aspects of NAFTA need review. Support for "grass-root politics" is an empty phrase and nearly impossible to either dispute or verify. Support for gun control is not too surprising for a suburban Toronto moderate, but, yes, is notable in the context of her party. It breaks down again at the assertion public Medicare is "opposed by most Conservative caucus members." A great majority, perhaps all, would never say this. Many may float or advocate two tier, semi-private, etc. systems - something Belinda did herself in her leadership race, talking about companies getting public funds to run healthcare systems for their employees, as I recall.
 * I suggest: Excluding the sentence, making sure mention of her support for abortion rights, same-sex marriage, gun control and tuition cuts and tax-deductibility (and, as far as documented, reviewing parts of NAFTA) is included elsewhere.

It is unlikely her caucus would follow a lead to support any equality-based legislation.
 * Overly POV wording.
 * I suggest: Deleting.

Indeed, she distanced herself from this position by expressing support for a free vote of MPs, cast individually and not along party lines, on these issues.
 * I suggest: Stronach called for a free vote of MPs, cast individually and not along party lines, on same-sex marriage.

She also supports organized labour, a position that also is opposed by most Conservative caucus members. As a President and CEO of Magna International she did not oppose a trade union (UAW) local being established in the Detroit Magna plant.
 * Besides the discussion above, I believe this is overbroad and POV towards other Conservative caucus members. As for the union, all the evidence is that she (or the company she ran; blame others, but we can't be a Magna gossip board, and the fact remains she was CEO at the time) did oppose it in some fashion before the NLRB, until she stopped opposing it.
 * I suggest: Stronach may be more receptive to organized labour than her father, noted for his strong opposition to unions at Magna. While head of Magna, she ceased fighting the United Auto Workers in a dispute before the National Labor Relations Board, and the union organized numerous Magna workers in the United States.

Stronach believes that trade unions are a human right.
 * I suggest: I'll agree to this verbatim if you have a documented source.

Then she heard that Daimler-Chrysler was going to cut 1000 jobs. She went to the Daimler-Chrysler plant in Ontario and stopped the job cuts retaining the jobs. Such statements and actions may well have helped her chances in Ontario.
 * Has any independent observer credited Belinda Stronach specifically with saving these 1000 (an oddly round number?) jobs?
 * I suggest: Delete unless verified with a documented source.

They are also indicative that her politics tend to be to the left of most of the Conservatives.
 * A general statement that she's to the left of many Conservatives is discussed above and I think agreed to by all.

She has stated that she is against the decriminalization of marijuana for now, though she admitted to smoking it in high school. However, she added that she will research the matter to see if marijuana is safe.
 * Oooh, comedy sketch coming. ;)
 * I suggest: Stronach is against the decriminalization of marijuana, though she has committed to investigate the safety of the drug. Samaritan 05:23, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Great analysis, Samaritan. I agree with the points you've raised and your suggested ways of dealing with them. Problem is, I'm not sure that michaelm will buy it. So where do we go from here? Sunray 07:32, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)

Quotes from Belinda, Jack Layton, and CAW official

 * "NDP leader Jack Layton was less generous, however, as he pulled no punches on Stronach's 'very conservative' corporate economic agenda." - From the CTV.ca story on her leadership launch
 * "The economies of the US, Canada, and Mexico have all benefited from NAFTA (the North American Free Trade Agreement)." - article by Belinda in the Christian Science Monitor calling for expanding NAFTA
 * Belinda Stronach: I don't have to tell you the fact, to tell you that the healthcare system in its current form will not be there for future generations. So we owe it to Canadians to have that debate, to say how can we now look at providing a better quality healthcare service?
 * Carole MacNeil, CBC: Private insurance?
 * Belinda Stronach: At a reduced cost. We need to have that debate.
 * Carole MacNeil: You're not cutting it out? Private insurance? I can…
 * Belinda Stronach: We need to have the debate to say, what are the solutions respecting the principles of the Canada Health Act, not compromising that. - CBC News: Sunday interview

 * CAW economist Jim Stanford jabs at Belinda at caw.ca Samaritan 08:09, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Evidence? Please provide links to support your claims.AndyL 08:42, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Please provide evidence that this meeting happened. Please cite an article or other document.AndyL 04:38, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Verifiability
We have a broad group of editors here who consider some of michaelm's claims about Ms. Stronach outlandish and implausible on the surface, and we have provided concrete evidence, including linked sources, to back up these concerns. We have repeatedly and, I hope, open-mindedly asked michaelm for references to independent sources other than what michaelm thinks, remembers from somewhere unspecified, and senses in Ms. Stronach. There is a page discussing Wikipedia policy on exactly this type of question, Verifiability. Quoting from it: "For an encyclopedia, sources should be unimpeachable. An encyclopedia is not primary source material. Its authors do not conduct interviews nor perform original research. Hence, anything we include should have been covered in the records, reportage, research, or studies of others. In many, if not most, cases there should be several corroborating sources available should someone wish to consult them. Sources should be unimpeachable relative to the claims made; outlandish claims beg strong sources." Belinda Stronach is one of the most widely and heavily discussed politicians to emerge in Canada in recent years. She is referenced widely by major sources on the Internet, in print and broadcast media, on webboards, by her own statements in Hansard, on her political website belinda.ca, etc. michaelm, can you see how at this point, including these contested statements without any sources we can point to besides your own assertions is simply not allowed, and that until we have documented external sources, if Sunray or SimonP or I don't revert such claims out of the article, any old editor guided by Wikipedia standards who came across the article and questioned the statements could do the same? Samaritan 16:48, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Fiasco
You should not have deleted Bearcat's response. [	:The only person making this a "feasco" (it's fiasco, btw) is you. Bearcat 19:21, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)] As a rule, deleting another person's relevant comments is not appropriate in the context of a talk page. If you feel it's a personal attack, for instance, let it stand as such and let the rest of us make our own judgments. As to blanking this whole page, see Archive rather than delete at Talk page. Finally, what do you think about Sunray's reasoned proposal below? Samaritan 22:21, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Next Steps
Agreed that this is a fiasco. The reason for this is more than just the fact that there are different points of view. Different points of view are natural. The point is: We need to find a neutral point of view in order to meet Wikipedia goals and be worthy of the term encyclopedia. Several editors have called for verifyable facts with respect to Ms. Stronach's alledged social democratic tendancies. Here's my proposal:
 * 1. Get agreement from michaelm and other editors to stick to facts we can support.
 * 2: Unprotect the article.
 * 3. Proceed to edit the article along the lines proposed by Samaritan, above.
 * 4. Ban anyone who fails to abide by this agreement for 24 hours the first time and for 30 days if problems continue.

Can we agree on this? Sunray 19:05, 2004 Dec 15 (UTC)

Befor we do aneything we should think it over. people do not shair the same oppeain we need some Transparency that eveyone will agree on. - michaelm

Transparency is what Sunray's process provides. Samaritan 01:51, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I think that the real problem here is summed up in two comments from michaelm: "people have deffent views on things" and "people do not shair the same oppeain". The point is that there is no room for different views or different opinions here. This is an encyclopedia, not a politics discussion group. The only information that belongs here is information that is based on verifiable facts, not opinions. The facts of this matter are clear: B. Stronach helped the merger of two conservative parties in order to improve conservatives' chances of forming a government. She sought the leadership of the Conservative Party. She was elected to parliament as a Conservative. She has been given a high profile critic's position in the Conservative shadow cabinet. She has been clear in her support for Stephen Harper as leader of the Conseervative Party. On the basis of these facts, we can comfortably call her a conservative. Samaritan has kindly provided extensive links to verify these facts. Finally, if Ms. Stonach were here, there is no question that she would not call herself a social democrat. Michaelm, on the other hand, believes that Ms. Stronach has a hidden agenda that she has not revealed to the world, and that the day will come when she will reveal herself as a social democrat. That may be the case, but right now it is just a prediction, not a verifable fact. As such, it belongs on a political discussion website, not in an encyclopedia. If she does leave the CPC for the NDP, at that time it will be appropriate to change the description in this encyclopedia. Kevintoronto 14:32, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Makes sense
I'm new to this discussion, but what Kevintoronto says makes sense to me.Chestnut 23:22, 2004 Dec 16 (UTC)

Con't on Talk:Belinda Stronach/Archive B

title: Talk:Belinda Stronach/Archive 1


text:
Senior Open Championship

The Senior Open Championship, or simply The Senior Open (and originally known as the Senior British Open), is a professional golf tournament for players aged 50 and over. It is jointly owned and run by The R&A, the same body that organises The Open Championship, and the PGA European Tour. Prize money won in the event is official money on both PGA Tour Champions (formerly the Senior PGA Tour and Champions Tour) and the European Senior Tour. The purse, which is fixed in United States dollars, had increased to $2.75 million for 2023.

History
The tournament was first held in 1987 and became part of the European Seniors Tour schedule in 1992. It is younger than the PGA Seniors Championship, which started in 1957, as well as the U.S. Senior Open and the Senior PGA Championship. In late 2002 it was designated as the fifth major championship on the Champions Tour schedule. Winners before 2003 were not retroactively designated as Champions Tour major winners until late 2018. Winners gain entry into the following season's Open Championship. The event is usually held the week following The Open Championship, although in 1991 it was held the week before the Open and in 1998 it was held in August, three weeks after the Open.

The 2018 Senior Open was held at St Andrews for the first time, a decision which was heavily influenced by five-time Open champion Tom Watson. In 2020, the championship was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Field
The standard field size is 144 players and an 18-hole qualifying round is held at the championship course on the Monday before the tournament, with a minimum of 24 places available. If fewer than 120 exempt players enter, the field is filled to 144 with more high finishers from qualifying. If more than 120 exempt players enter, the top 24 finishers earn entry even if it causes the field to expand beyond 144.

Multiple winners
Seven players have multiple victories in the Senior Open Championship:

 * 4 wins: Bernhard Langer (2010, 2014, 2017, 2019)
 * 3 wins: Gary Player (1988, 1990, 1997), Tom Watson (2003, 2005, 2007)
 * 2 wins: Bob Charles (1989, 1993), Brian Barnes (1995, 1996), Christy O'Connor Jnr (1999, 2000), Loren Roberts (2006, 2009)

Winners of both The Open and The Senior Open
Four players have won both The Open Championship and The Senior Open Championship, (two of the professional majors run by the R&A).

Host courses
The Senior Open Championship has been played at the following courses, listed in order of number of times hosted (as of 2023):
 * 7 Turnberry Golf Club
 * 6 Royal Portrush Golf Club
 * 5 Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club
 * 3 Royal County Down Golf Club, Sunningdale Golf Club, Royal Porthcawl Golf Club
 * 2 Royal Troon Golf Club, Carnoustie Golf Links
 * 1 Gleneagles, St Andrews, Muirfield, Royal Birkdale Golf Club, Walton Heath Golf Club, Royal Aberdeen Golf Club

title: Senior Open Championship


text:
Talk:Belinda Stronach/Archive 2

It don't Makes sense
Michael, you want your opinions (and that's what they are) included in the article despite the fact that you have presented no evidence to support your claims other than hearsay. You claim there was a meeting between Buzz Hargrove and Stronach in which somehow she revealed herself to be a social democrat but you are unable to cite on article, one document, one actual reference to support this claim. You can't even tell us on what date this alleged meeting occured. AndyL 14:08, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Would it make sense, then, to include a line in the article that says:

 * Although Stronach's political career has been entirely within conservative political parties, one contributor to Wikipedia believes strongly that she is a social democrat and that she will leave the Conservative Party to join the NDP.

Would that keep you happy, michaelm? That seems to be a pretty fair depiction of the situtation here. The trouble is that this is not the Wikipedia style. The Wikipedia style is to report facts. Where a contentious matter is at debate, sometimes articles will use words like, "Some people believe that...." this is officially discouraged. And the problem here is that we cannot say that some people believe this since it is only you. Sorry, pal, but you're not going to win this one until Stronach herself says something about her social democratic beliefs. Kevintoronto 19:10, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I agree with Kevintoronto. An encyclopedia can only go with verifyable facts. The beliefs and opinions of editors, no matter how strongly held, won't cut it. Michaelm may need to recuse himself from this article if he can't live with that. Sunray 20:44, 2004 Dec 17 (UTC)

Michael: You are missing the main point. Ms. Stronach is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada. The party is not a social democratic party. Therefore, to call her a social democrat is impossible. The only thing we could do is quote a reputable source who said something to that effect. However, (and I have said this before, but you are not getting it) she is not a social democrat as long as she remains in the Conservative Party. Therefore, even if you find some quote about it, we will have to clarify that. What we need from you is not research, but acceptance of Wikipedia rules about this, as very patiently explained to you by Samaritan and Kevintoronto. Sunray 00:54, 2004 Dec 18 (UTC)

Dear God. The page you quote says "Go to the NDP, you moron." It's entitled "That total witch!" It continues that she doesn't give "TWO RATS' A**ES" about the people of Western Canada. If I came across a page about michaelm called "That pathetic creep!" where the author obviously despises you and says you should go to a party the author doesn't like, I would have enough judgement and respect for you not to take it as a source for an encyclopedia article about you. The previous page wasn't nearly as ad hominem, but was still doing the same thing. In fact, if you want us to take these sources as credible, shouldn't we also say Belinda is a moron, etc.? Samaritan 07:13, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Is there anything more to talk about?
You're asking us to believe these anti-Belinda attack pages get her completely wrong... umm, until you want us to think they get her completely right when they suggest she's socialist or social democrat. Further, the only or main reason they say she's socialist or social democrat are her positions on same-sex marriage and/or abortion. This is not what it means to be socialist or social democrat. Your sources are confusing these things for dramatic effect because they are exaggerated rants.

You're shifting your argument, asking us to believe sites you say in the next breath we shouldn't believe, holding up the article in protection for a week then asking us to wait on you for a few more days. We've spent time considering your arguments, asking to hear more, crafting a consensus that's open to all new solid evidence, etc. We've warmly adopted content you've given us with a very open mind when it's stood up to proof and reason - there was ultimately something there about the UAW and NLRB. But we've also been wasting our time with complete fabrications - that she brought in those unions herself, that she's socialist because she doesn't always fight unions in every respect, that she's opposed to free trade and takes the NDP/labour position on it, and (I'm guessing) that she saved 1000 jobs at Daimler-Chrysler.

And the only sites that back up what you're saying are sites you're telling us not to believe. Is there anything more to talk about here? Samaritan 09:03, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I think there is one more thing that we can do. michaelm has been looking diligently for material that supports his point of view.  He has found two critiques of Ms. Stronach from the right: Weinreb of the Canada Free Press and REAL Women of Canada.  The REAL Women article is interesting.  They are a well-enough established social conservative force that we could quote them.  For example, we could say:

 * "Social conservative elements in Canada have beem critical of Stronach, calliing her a "red tory." During Stronach's leadership campaign, REAL Women of Canada stated: "If Ms. Stronach is elected as leader of the Conservative Party, social conservatives will no longer have a voice in Canada."  Others have suggested that, in view of her positions on unions and same sex marriage, she should join the NDP.  Whatever her social democratic inclinations, however, Stronach is a member of the Conservative Party.  As long as she remains in that party it would be incorrect to refer to her as a "social democrat."

 * Could we get consensus on this? I would like to know if we can all agree to: a) modify the article along the lines suggested by Samaritan, and b) add a paragraph such as the one above to the article.  What do you think, Michaelm?  Others?  Sunray 17:40, 2004 Dec 18 (UTC)

I agree unreservedly with:
 * "Social conservative elements in Canada have beem critical of Stronach, calling her a "red tory." During Stronach's leadership campaign, REAL Women of Canada stated: "If Ms. Stronach is elected as leader of the Conservative Party, social conservatives will no longer have a voice in Canada."

About:
 * Others have suggested that, in view of her positions on unions and same sex marriage, she should join the NDP. Whatever her social democratic inclinations, however, Stronach is a member of the Conservative Party. As long as she remains in that party it would be incorrect to refer to her as a "social democrat."

I don't know. Has anybody but michaelm suggested this with respect to her position on unions? As for same sex marriage, the Liberal Party is introducing legislation to provide for it, the Bloc Quebecois is voting for it unanimously or close, and at least two Conservatives MPs besides Ms. Stronach - James Moore and Bev Oda - are planning to vote for SSM. Numerous CPC activists outside Parliament support SSM. But it wouldn't be remotely appropriate to link to social democracy or socialism on all these people's pages, so... Samaritan 18:58, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Michael, have you read Neutral point of view? What you are stating are opinions and we cannot include them in the article. Do you understand?AndyL 06:20, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Resolution 2.0
I'm for the resolution Sunray authored above (with slight modifications I was starting to write up but gave up and blanked, but here it is back. Oh well. Samaritan 06:51, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC) )

 * No, it's unprofessional to refer to subjects by their first name. AndyL 06:38, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I blanked that specific proposal in large part because there was ultimately only one critic from the right we found calling her a socialist, and that was a scurrilious post on a webboard that also called her a moron, etc. Samaritan 06:51, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thank you
To Michaelm, Sunray, Kevintoronto, AndyL, Matty and Chestnut, and past article editors not on the talk page, for engaging in the process to work towards a resolution. Samaritan 08:19, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

...and a plate of bigger economic pie all around. ;) Samaritan 08:20, 19 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Amazing work, yourself, Samaritan! Truly worthy of your name, I'd say--though you are no push over.  If the current arrangement hold us, what about this article as a nominee for Canadian Collaboration of the Week? Sunray 18:56, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

 * No, no, t'was nothing. :) And I think this may be more like a Featured Article collaboration, or something, since it was a moderately extensive article when we started this round of consensus-building, already. Samaritan 09:32, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks very much for sorting this one out, Sam and Sunny. I was getting very tired of this debate. Mmmm... pie.... Kevintoronto 17:26, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Same hear it was a fiasco. - michaelm

Belinda Stronach was Anti-Free Trade
Belinda supported David Orchard in the 2003 PC leadership race (-this was michaelm)

This is a fascinating find. In fairness, though, all it definitely confirms is that Orchard said Frank Stronach supported him in 2003. Also, you can support Orchard in a race without entirely buying into his position on free trade – Dalton Camp was always extremely sympathetic to Orchard in his columns, sometimes almost to the point of endorsement, and Camp had been one of Mulroney's top salesmen for free trade. Also, Orchard was leading a lawsuit to stop the creation of the party Belinda was seeking to lead, so they were hardly joined at the hip politically. Samaritan 05:02, 5 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Reversion

 * Wikistyle is to link to at least the first occurence of a term, so we must not remove the first CPC wikilink. The link in the next paragraph is neither here nor there and could go – remember, the article was originally written well before she was elected MP.
 * Changing the description of Stronach as a Conservative MP to "Conservative Card Holder" is just awful, loses information and misleads the reader. She is not just a Conservative card holder who happens to be an MP. After running for the Conservative leadership, she won her election on the Conservative platform with Conservative on her signs and every ballot, she caucuses with her fellow Conservative MPs, holds a frontbench position in the Conservative caucus as trade critic, is listed as a Conservative in the Parliamentary directories and in Hansard every time she speaks, etc., etc. Saying she was a "Conservative Card Holder" suggests – as has happened in the past – she may not caucus with the party or list herself as a Conservative in Parliament, but is a member of the party. This does not reflect her position. Samaritan 05:10, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Ture, your right. that was awful. - michaelm

"she caucuses with her fellow Conservative MPs", especially with Peter McKay. Kevintoronto 20:07, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Belinda Stronach caucuses with her fellow Conservative MPs thats a dangerous mix 1 Social Democrat (Belinda Stronach) and 98 Conservatives thay will clach I can't even think of the consequences! - michaelm

Michaelm: A question
If I may? When and how did you first get the idea Belinda was an NDP social democrat? Don't just say she's a social democrat! I know that's your view. :) I'm just incredibly curious what set the idea off in your mind. Did somebody else tell you she was? Was it something specific that she said? I'm not asking for a list of evidence to back up your position – we've gone over all of that already. How did you first think: Belinda? Obviously a New Democrat... Samaritan 09:37, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I seen her in action the sponk in her something I sents it in her. My famley Beleves shes Left-Wing as well and I know people do join the wrong party. In the house of commons I seen her she dous not look happy in the Conservatives. Also she very up set with Stephen Harper and the Conservatives because Harper did something that was underhanded Lateley  and the outher sorce comes from The Globe and Mail "MP Belinda Stronach said Monday she would not have run such ads and does not approve of them." and one more thing she is supporting lowering the voteing age to 16 that bill was an NDP bill in the past but an Liberal MP re-interdust the bill the NDP,the Bloc, the Liberals and Belinda Stronach support the bill. She is more Left-Wing then a Red Tory and she is more Left-Wing then a Liberal. And did you know that the people of Newmarket-Aurora don't like Stephen Harper and the Conservatives the only reason thay voted for the Conservatives is because of Belinda Stronach and the people of Newmarket-Aurora will vote for her again under the NDP Banner it will likeley the 1st time the riding of Newmarket-Aurora will be NDP Orange but the same MP (Belinda Stronach) - michaelm

Can you explain why Stronach has never so much as made a donation to the NDP at any level? She's donated money to Liberals and Tories but not once to the federal or provincial NDP (in any province) or to any NDP candidate. AndyL 06:48, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The person that supoust to wright back in Samaritan. AndyL what past is past get over it. Besides she might of donated money to the NDP anonymousley. - michaelm

Um, what you should get over is your idee fixe regarding Stronach. BTW, I don't think you can donate anonymously to political parties under Canadian election law so your claim that she might have done so is ruled out. Sorry Michael, she's donated money to the Liberals, Tories and Reform but never to the NDP. This not insignificant fact should make it obvious that Stronach has no NDP sympathies. AndyL 19:36, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

If Belinda Stronach joined the NDP
If Belinda Stronach joined the NDP would you vote for the NDP. - michaelm

No. Besides, Stronach is more likely to replace the limp Harper as Tory leader. AndyL 12:29, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I didn't respond to this before, mindful of Wikipedia policy that Wikipedia is not a discussion forum. (Plus I had outed myself as a New Democrat anyway, in passing, above.) Samaritan 06:30, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I won't comment on my voting tendencies either. However, I agree with AndyL that she could replace Harper. Sunray 06:33, 2004 Dec 31 (UTC)

title: Talk:Belinda Stronach/Archive 2


text:
Ludwig Haetzer

Ludwig Haetzer (also Ludwig Hetzer, Ludwig Hätzer and sometimes Ludwig Hatzer) (1500 – 4 February 1529) was an Anabaptist.

He wrote against the uses of images in worship, translated some Latin evangelical texts regarding the conversion of Jews, and, together with Hans Denck, he translated the prophets of the Bible into German in 1528. Haetzer also wrote a booklet discouraging the consumption of alcohol. He regarded Jesus as a leader and teacher only; not divine and not an object of worship, therefore an anti-trinitarian and possibly a Unitarian. He was eventually executed for his Anabaptist radicalism.

Life
Haetzer was born in Bischofszell, Thurgau, Switzerland. He studied at Freiburg im Breisgau, and began his career in a chaplaincy at Wädenswil, on Lake Zurich. At this time his attachment to the old faith was tempered by a mystical turn, and by a devotion to the prophetical writings of the Old Testament, which he studied in the original. By 1523 he was in Zürich, where he published, at first anonymously and in Latin (Judicium Dei), and later, on 24 September 1523, with his name and in German, a small tract against the religious use of images, and bearing the motto attached to all his subsequent works, O Got erlösz die (or dein) Gefangnen ("O God, set the prisoners free"). An attempt to give effect to the teaching of this frequently reprinted tract was followed by a public religious disputation, of which Haetzer drew up the official account.

In 1524 he brought out a tract on the conversion of the Jews, and published a German version of Johannes Bugenhagen's brief exposition of the epistles of St Paul (Ephesians to Hebrews). In the dedication (dated Zürich, 29 June 1524) he undertook to translate Bugenhagen's comment on the Psalter. He then went to Augsburg, bearing Huldrych Zwingli's introduction to Johann Frosch. Here he came for a time under the influence of Urbanus Rhegius, and was for a short time the guest of Georg Regel. Returning to Zürich, he was in communication with leading Anabaptists (though his own position was simply the disuse of infant baptism) until their expulsion in January 1525.

Again resorting to Augsburg, and resuming work as corrector of the press for his printer Silvan Ottmar, he pushed his views to the extreme of rejecting all sacraments, reaching something like the mystical standpoint of the early Quakers. He was expelled from Augsburg in the autumn of 1525, and made his way through Konstanz to Basel, where Johannes Oecolampadius received him kindly. He translated into German the first treatise of Oecolampadius on the Last Supper, and proceeding to Zürich in November, published his version there in February 1526, with a preface disclaiming connexion with the Anabaptists. His relations with Zwingli were difficult; returning to Basel he published on 18 July 1526 his translation of the Book of Malachi, with Oecolampadius's exposition, and with a preface reflecting on Zwingli. This he followed by a version of the Book of Isaiah, chapters 36–37. He next went to Strassburg, and was received by Wolfgang Capito.

At Strassburg in the late autumn of 1526 he fell in with Hans Denck (or Dengk), who collaborated with him in the production of his magnum opus, the translation of the Hebrew Prophets, Alle Propheten nach hebraischer Sprach vertuetscht. The preface is dated Worms, 3 April 1527, and there were later editions in that and the following year. It was the first Protestant version of the prophets in German, preceding Luther's by five years, and highly spoken of by him. Haetzer and Denck now entered on a propagandist mission from place to place, with some success, but of short duration. Denck died at Basel in November 1527. Haetzer was arrested at Konstanz in the summer of 1528. After long imprisonment and many examinations he was condemned on 3 February 1529 to die by the sword, and the sentence was executed on the following day. His demeanour on the scaffold impressed impartial witnesses, Johannes Zwick and Ambrosius Blarer, who speak warmly of his fervour and courage. The Dutch Baptist Martyrology describes him as "a servant of Jesus Christ." The Moravian Chronicle says "he was condemned for the sake of divine truth."

His papers included an unpublished treatise against the essential deity of Christ, which was suppressed by Zwingli; the only extant evidence of his anti-trinitarian views being contained in eight lines of German verse preserved in Sebastian Frank's Chronica. The discovery of his heterodox Christology (which has led modern Unitarians to regard him as their proto-martyr) was followed by charges of loose living, never heard of in his lifetime, and without evidence or probability.

title: Ludwig Haetzer


text: User talk:69.208.82.49

title: User talk:69.208.82.49


text:
Fade (audio engineering)

In audio engineering, a fade is a gradual increase or decrease in the level of an audio signal. The term can also be used for film cinematography or theatre lighting in much the same way (see fade (filmmaking) and fade (lighting)).

In sound recording and reproduction a song may be gradually reduced to silence at its end (fade-out), or may gradually increase from silence at the beginning (fade-in). Fading-out can serve as a recording solution for pieces of music that contain no obvious ending. Quick fade-ins and -outs can also be used to change the characteristics of a sound, such as to soften the attack in vocal plosives and percussion sounds.

Professional turntablists and DJs in hip hop music use faders on a DJ mixer, notably the horizontal crossfader, in a rapid fashion while simultaneously manipulating two or more record players (or other sound sources) to create scratching and develop beats. Club DJs in house music and techno use DJ mixers, two or more sound sources (two record players, two iPods, etc.) along with a skill called beatmatching (aligning the beats and tempos of two records) to make seamless dance mixes for dancers at raves, nightclubs and dance parties.

Origins and examples
Possibly the earliest example of a fade-out ending can be heard in Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 45, nicknamed the "Farewell" Symphony on account of the fade-out ending. The symphony which was written in 1772 used this device as a way of courteously asking Haydn's patron Prince Nikolaus Esterházy, to whom the symphony was dedicated, to allow the musicians to return home after a longer than expected stay. This was expressed by the players extinguishing their stand candles and leaving the stage one by one during the final adagio movement of the symphony, leaving only two muted violins playing. Esterházy appears to have understood the message, allowing the musicians to leave.

Gustav Holst's "Neptune, the mystic", part of the orchestral suite The Planets written between 1914 and 1916, is another early example of music having a fade-out ending during performance. Holst stipulates that the women's choruses are "to be placed in an adjoining room, the door of which is to be left open until the last bar of the piece, when it is to be slowly and silently closed", and that the final bar (scored for choruses alone) is "to be repeated until the sound is lost in the distance". Although commonplace today, the effect bewitched audiences in the era before widespread recorded sound—after the initial 1918 run-through, Holst's daughter Imogen (in addition to watching the charwomen dancing in the aisles during "Jupiter") remarked that the ending was "unforgettable, with its hidden chorus of women's voices growing fainter and fainter ... until the imagination knew no difference between sound and silence".

The technique of ending a spoken or musical recording by fading out the sound goes back to the earliest days of recording. In the era of mechanical (pre-electrical) recording, this could only be achieved by either moving the sound source away from the recording horn, or by gradually reducing the volume at which the performer(s) were singing, playing or speaking. With the advent of electrical recording, smooth and controllable fadeout effects could be easily achieved by simply reducing the input volume from the microphones using the fader on the mixing desk. The first experimental study on the effect of a fade-out showed that a version of a musical piece with fade-out in comparison to the same piece with a cold end prolonged the perceived duration by 2.4 seconds. This is called the "Pulse Continuity Phenomenon" and was measured by a tapping-along task to measure participants’ perception of pulsation.

An 1894 78 rpm record called "The Spirit of '76" features a narrated musical vignette with martial fife-and-drum that gets louder as it nears the listener, and quieter as it moves away. There are early examples that appear to bear no obvious relationship to movement. One is "Barkin' Dog" (1919) by the Ted Lewis Jazz Band. Another contender is "America" (1918), a patriotic piece by the chorus of evangelist Billy Sunday. By the early 1930s, longer songs were being put on both sides of records, with the piece fading out at the end of side one and fading back in at the beginning of side two. Records at the time held only about two to five minutes of music per side. The segue allowed for longer songs (such as Count Basie's "Miss Thing"), symphonies and live concert recordings.

However, shorter songs continued to use the fade-out for unclear reasons—for example, Fred Astaire's movie theme "Flying Down to Rio" (1933). Even using fade-out as a segue device does not seem obvious, though we certainly take it for granted today. It is possible that movies were an influence here. Fade-ins and fade-outs are often used as cinematic devices that begin and end scenes; film language that developed at the same time as these early recordings. The term 'fade-out' itself is of cinematic origin, appearing in print around 1918. And jazz, a favorite of early records, was a popular subject of early movies too. The same could be said for radio productions. Within a single programme of a radio production, many different types of fade can be applied. When mixing from speech to music, there are a few ways that fade can be used. Here are three examples.

Though relatively rare, songs can fade out then fade back in. Some examples of this are "Helter Skelter" and "Strawberry Fields Forever" by The Beatles, "Suspicious Minds" by Elvis Presley, "Shine On Brightly" by Procol Harum, "Sunday Bloody Sunday" by John Lennon and Yoko Ono, "That Joke Isn't Funny Anymore" by The Smiths, "Thank You" by Led Zeppelin, "In Every Dream Home A Heartache" by Roxy Music, "It's Only Money, Pt. 2" by Argent, "The Great Annihilator" by Swans, "(Reprise) Sandblasted Skin" by Pantera, "Illumination Theory" and "At Wit's End" by Dream Theater, "Future" by Paramore, "Doomsday" by MF Doom, "Outro" by M83, "Cold Desert" by Kings of Leon, and "The Edge Of The World" by DragonForce.

Types

 * Straight: the introduction has become a musical link between the music/speech that follows, additionally the first notes of the intro can be emphasized to make it ‘pop’ out more.
 * Cutting the introduction: Since the first word of the vocals has to follow promptly after the cue light, it could be used to move the recording onward.
 * Introduction under speech: The music is placed at the specified time on the cue, the level must be low in order for the vocals to be audible. Here the fade-up generally occurs just before the final words in order for the cue to be given. In stage productions the closing music is played from a predetermined time and fades up at the closing words in order to fit in exactly with the remaining program time.

Contemporary
No modern recording can be reliably identified as "the first" to use the technique. In 2003, on the (now-defunct) website Stupid Question, John Ruch listed the following recordings as possible contenders:

"Bill Haley's cover version of 'Rocket 88' (1951) fades out to indicate the titular car driving away. There are claims that The Beatles' 'Eight Days a Week' (recorded 1964) was the first song to use the reverse effect—a fade-in. In fact, The Supremes had used this effect on their single 'Come See About Me', issued a little over a month before 'Eight Days a Week'."

More recently: "At the meta-song level, the prevalence of pre-taped sequences (for shops, pubs, parties, concert intervals, aircraft headsets) emphasizes the importance of flow. The effect on radio pop programme form [is] a stress on continuity achieved through the use of fades, voice-over links, twin-turntable mixing and connecting jingles."

Fade
A fade can be constructed so that the motion of the control (linear or rotary) from its start to end points affects the level of the signal in a different manner at different points in its travel. If there are no overlapping regions on the same track, regular fade (pre-fade / post-fade) should be used. A smooth fade is one that changes according to the logarithmic scale, as faders are logarithmic over much of their working range of 30-40 dB. If the engineer requires one region to gradually fade into another on the same track, a crossfade would be more suitable. If however the two regions are on different tracks, fade-ins and fade-outs will be applied. A fade-out can be accomplished without letting the sound's distance increase, however this is also something it can do. The perceived distance increase can be attributed to a diminishing level of timbral detail, not the result of a decreasing dynamic level. A listener's interest can be withdrawn from a sound that is faded at the lower end since the ear accepts a more prompt rounding off. The fade-in can be used as a device that separates the listener from the scene. An example of a mini fade out, of about a second or two, is a sustained bass note left to die down.

Shapes
The shape of a regular fade and a crossfade can be shaped by an audio engineer. Shape implies that you can change the rate at which the level change occurs over the length of the fade. Different types of preset fades shapes include linear, logarithmic, exponential and S-curve.

Linear
The simplest of fade curves is the linear curve and it is normally the default fade. It takes a straight line and introduces a curve. This curve represents an equal degree by which the gain increases or decreases during the length of the fade. A linear fade-in curve makes it sound as though the volume increases sharply at the beginning, and more gradually towards the end. The same principle applies on a fade-out where a gradual drop in volume can be perceived in the beginning, and the fade gets more abrupt towards the end. If in your audio there is a natural ambience or reverb present that one would like to reduce, the linear shape would be ideal because of the initial drop in perceived volume. When applied it shortens the ambience. Also if the music requires an accelerating effect, this linear curve can also be applied. This type of fade is not very natural sounding. The principle of a linear crossfade is: at the beginning of the fade the perceived volume drops more quickly, one can see at the halfway point (in the middle of the crossfade) that the perceived volume drops below 50%. This is a very noticeable drop in volume. Also if the control can move from position 0 to 100, and the percentage of the signal that is allowed to pass equals the position of the control (i.e. 25% of the signal is allowed to pass when the control is 25% of the physical distance from the 0 point to the 100 point). At the midpoint of the fade the effect of a linear crossfade is that both the sounds are below half of their maximum perceived volume; and as a result the sum of the two fades will be below the maximum level of either. This is not applicable when the two sounds are on different levels and the crossfade time is long enough. In turn if the crossfade is short (for example on a single note) the dip of the volume in the middle of the crossfade can be quite noticeable.

Logarithmic
Another type of curve is called the logarithmic ratio (also known as "audio taper"), or an inverse-logarithmic ratio. The log/audio-taper more closely matches human hearing, with finer control at lower levels, increasing dramatically past the 50% point. Importantly, the perceived volume of a sound has a logarithmic relationship with its level in decibels. A fade that works on a logarithmic scale would thus counteract the curve of a linear fade. In fade-ins the shape of the perceived volume curve looks like the level in decibels pulled towards the middle part of the line to the bottom right corner. The fade-out in turn looks like it has been pulled toward the bottom-left corner. A logarithmic fade takes a line that has already been curved and straightens it out [15]. The logarithmic fade sounds consistent and smooth since the perceived volume is increased over the whole duration of the fade. This makes this curve very handy for fading standard pieces of music. It is best used on a long fade-out since the fade has a perceived linear nature. Also a fade-out sounds very neutral when incorporated to parts of music with natural ambience. In crossfades this type of curve sounds very natural. When this curve is applied the perceived volume of the fade's midpoint is at about 50% of the maximum – when the two sections are summed the output volume is fairly constant.

Exponential
The exponential curve shape is in many ways the precise opposite of the logarithmic curves. The fade-in works as follows: it increases in volume slowly and then it shoots up very quickly at the end of the fade. The fade-out drops very quickly (from the maximum volume) and then declines slowly again over the duration of the fade. Simply stated a linear fade could thus be seen as an exaggerated version of an exponential fade in terms of the apparent volume. Thus the impression that would be gathered from an exponential curve's fade would sound as though the sound was rapidly accelerating towards the listener. Natural ambience can also be repressed by using an exponential fade-out. A crossfade, in the exponential shape, will have a perceivable dip in the middle, which is very undesirable in music and vocals. This depends largely on the length of the crossfade, a long crossfade on ambient sounds can sound perfectly satisfactory (the dip can add a little breath to the music). Exponential crossfades (or a curve with a similar shape) have a smaller drop in the middle of the fade.

S-curve
The S-curve shape is interesting since it has qualities that correlate with the previously mentioned curves. The level of the sound is 50% at the midpoint, but before and after the midpoint the shape is not linear. There are also two types of S-curves. Traditional S-curve fade-in has attributes of the exponential curve can be seen at the beginning; at the midpoint to the end it is more logarithmic in nature. A traditional S-curve fade-out: is logarithmic from the beginning up to the midpoint, then its attributes are based on the exponential curve from the midpoint to the end. This is true for the situation in reverse as well (for both fade-in and fade-out). Crossfading S-curves works as follows; it diminishes the amount of time that both sounds are playing simultaneously. This ensures that the edits sound like a direct cut when the two edits meet - this adds an extra smoothness to the edited regions.

The second type of S-curve is more apt for longer crossfades, since they are smooth and have the ability to have both of the crossfades in the overall level; so that they are audible for as long as possible. There is a short period at the start of each of the crossfades where the outgoing sound drops toward 50% quickly (with the incoming sound rising just as fast to 50%). This acceleration of sound slows and both sounds will appear as if they are at the same level for most of the crossfade (in the middle) before the changeover happens. DAW's gives one the ability to change the shape of logarithmic, exponential, and S-curve fades and crossfades. Changing the shape of a logarithmic fade will change how soon the sound will rise above 50%, and then how long it takes for the end of the fade-out to drop below 50% once again. With exponential fades the shape change will affect the shape in reverse, to the shape of the logarithmic fade. In the S-curve's traditional form the shape determines how quickly the change can occur and in the type 2 curve the change can determine the time it takes for both the sounds to get to a nearly equal level.

Fade times
It is also possible to apply different fade times to the out and in portions; which a standard crossfade would not allow you to apply. Appropriate fade-in time for a linear fade can be around 500ms; for the fade-out 500ms would also be affective. By having this longer fade it makes sure that everything is gentle as it gives the fade time to blend in and be less abrupt. To clear up plosive sounds created through vocals a fade-in can be used, but now it has to have a very short time of around 10ms. The fade time can always be adjusted by the engineer in order to locate the best time. It is important that the fade does not change the intelligibility or character of the sound too much. When the crossfade is longer than 10ms the standard linear fades are not always the best choice for music editing.

Crossfading
A crossfader on a DJ mixer essentially functions like two faders connected side-by-side, but in opposite directions. A crossfader is typically mounted horizontally, so that the DJ can slide the fader from the extreme left (this provides 100% of sound source A) to the extreme right (this provides 100% of sound source B), move the fader to the middle (this is a 50/50 mix of sources A and B), or adjust the fader to any point in between. It allows a DJ to fade one source out while fading another source in at the same time. This is extremely useful when beatmatching two sources of audio (or more, where channels can be mapped to one of the two sides of the crossfader individually) such as phonograph records, compact discs or digital sources.

The technique of crossfading is also used in audio engineering as a mixing technique, particularly with instrumental solos. A mix engineer will often record two or more takes of a vocal or instrumental part and create a final version which is a composite of the best passages of these takes by crossfading between each track. In the perfect case, the crossfade would keep a constant output level, an important quality for a club DJ who is creating a seamless mix of dance tracks for dancers or a radio DJ seeking to avoid "dead air" (silence) between songs, an error that can cause listeners to change channels. However, there is no standard on how this should be achieved.

There are many software applications that feature virtual crossfades, for instance, burning-software for the recording of audio-CDs. Also many DAW's (Pro Tools, Logic exc.) have this function. Crossfade is normally found on samplers and usually based on velocity. The purpose of a cross-fade it to utilize a smooth changeover between two cut pieces of audio. Velocity crossfading can be incorporated through a MIDI transformation device and where more than one note can be assigned to a given pad (note) on the MIDI keyboard; velocity crossfading may be available.

These types of crossfades (those that are based on note velocity) allow two (even more) samples to be assigned to one note or range of notes. This requires both a loud and soft sample; the reason for this is Timbre change. This type of crossfade is quite subtle depending on the proportion of the received note velocity value of the loud and soft sample.

Crossfading usually involves the sounding of a combination of one or two sounds at the same time. Crossfades can either be applied to a piece of music in real time, or can be pre-calculated. While crossfading one does not want the second part of the fade to start playing before the first part is finished; one wants the overlapping parts to be as short as possible. If edit regions are not trimmed to a zero-crossing point one will get unwelcome pops in the middle. A sound at the lowest velocity can fade into a sound of a higher velocity, in the order of: first the first sound then the second. All possible without fading out the sounds that are already present. This in turn is a form of Layering that can be used in the mix. The same effect (as was created with velocity) can be applied to a controller. This allows continued monitored control; the crossfading function can also be controlled on some instruments by the keyboard position. These sounds on the MIDI keyboard can be programmed.

A crossfade can either be used between two unrelated pieces of music or between two sounds that are similar; in both of these cases, one would like the sound to be one continuous sound without any bumps. When applying a crossfade between two very different pieces of music (relating to both tone and pitch), one could simply use a crossfade between the two pieces, make a few minor adjustments. This is because the two sounds are different from one another. In the case of a crossfade between two sounds, that are similar, phase-cancellation can become an issue. The two sounds that are crossfaded should be brought into comparison with one another. If both sounds are moving upward they will have a cumulative effect - when added together, this is what one wants. What is not desirable is when both sounds are moving in a different direction, since this can lead to cancelations. This leads to no sound on areas where the amplitudes cancel out one another; there will thus be silence in the middle of the crossfade. This occurrence is rare though since the parameters have to be the same. Commonly a crossfade will result in a gradual reduction in the amount of the sample whose pitch is lower, and an increase will be found on the pitch that is higher. The longer a crossfade, the more likely a problem will occur. One also does not want the effect of the crossfade to be very prominent in the middle of the notes, since if different notes are between the edit point there will be a time when both of the sounds can be heard simultaneously. This overlapping is not expected from a normal singing voice, no reference to Overtone singing.

While DJ pioneers such as Francis Grasso had used basic faders to transition between two records as far back as the late 1960s, they typically had separate faders for each channel. Grandmaster Flash is often credited with the invention of the first crossfader by sourcing parts from a junkyard in the Bronx. It was initially an on/off toggle switch from an old microphone that he transformed into a left/right switch which allowed him to switch from one turntable to another, thereby avoiding a break in the music. However the earliest commercial documented example was designed by Richard Wadman, one of the founders of the British company Citronic. It was called the model SMP101, made about 1977, and had a crossfader that doubled as a L/R balance control or a crossfade between two inputs.

Crossfade shapes
When crossfading two signals that are being combined (mixed), the two fade curves can employ any of the shapes listed above (see ), such as linear, exponential, S-curve, etc. When the goal is to have the perceived loudness of the combined mix signal stay fairly constant across the full range of the mix, special shapes must be used, called "equal power" (or "constant power") shapes. Equal power shapes are based on audio power principles, particularly the fact that the power of an audio signal is proportional to the square of the amplitude. Many equal power shapes have the property that the midpoint of the mix provides an amplitude multiplier of 0.707 (square root of one half) for both signals. A variety of equal power shapes are available, and the optimal shape will generally depend on the amount of correlation between the two signals. An example pair of curves that keep power equal across the mix are $$\sqrt{mix}$$ and $$\sqrt{1 - mix}$$ (where mix ranges from 0 to 1). Equal power shapes typically have the sum of their curves (in the middle of the mix range) exceeding the nominal maximum amplitude (1.0), which may produce clipping in some contexts. If that is a concern, then "equal gain" (or "constant gain") shapes should be used (which may be linear or curved) that are designed so the two curves always sum to 1.

In the digital signal processing realm, the term "power curve" is often used to designate crossfade shapes, particularly for equal power shapes.

Fader
A fader is any device used for fading, especially when it is a knob or button that slides along a track or slot. It is principally a variable resistance or potentiometer also called a ‘pot’. A contact can move from one end to another. As this movement takes place the resistance of the circuit can either increase or decrease. At one end the resistance of the scale is at 0 and at the other side it is infinite. A. Nisbett explains the fader law as follows in his book called The Sound studio:"The ‘law’ of the fader is near-logarithmic over much of its range, which means that a scale of decibels can be made linear (or close to it) over a working range of perhaps 60 dB. If the resistance were to increase according to the same law beyond this, it would be twice as long before reaching a point where the signal is negligible. But the range below -50 dB is of little practical use, so here the rate of fade increases rapidly to the final cut-off".

A knob which rotates is usually not considered a fader, although it is electrically and functionally equivalent. Some small mixers use knobs rather than faders, as do a small number of DJ mixers designed for club DJs who are creating seamless mixes of songs. A fader can be either analogue, directly controlling the resistance or impedance to the source (e.g. a potentiometer); or digital, numerically controlling a digital signal processor (DSP). Analogue faders are found on mixing consoles. A fader can also be used as a control for a voltage controlled amplifier, which has the same effect on the sound as any other fader, but the audio signal does not pass through the fader itself.

Digital
Digital faders are also referred to as virtual faders, since they can be viewed on the screen of a digital audio workstation. Modern high end digital mixers often feature "flying faders", faders with piezo-electric actuators attached; such faders can be multi-use and will jump to the correct position for a selected function or saved setting. Flying faders can be automated, so that when a timecode is presented to the equipment, the fader will move according to a previously performed path. Also called an automated fader, as it recalls the movement of the channel faders in time. A full-function automation system will continuously scan the console, many times per second, in order to incorporate new settings. While this scan is in progress, the stored representation of the previous scan will be compared to that of the fader's current position. If the fader's position has changed, the new position will be identified, thus resulting in a spurt of data.

The console's computer will update the console's controls on playback. This will be done from memory at the same speed. The advantage of working with mix automation is that only one engineer can perform the job with minimal effort; it can be set up or recorded beforehand to make it even simpler. An example of this is when Ken Hamman installed linear faders that made it possible for him to alter several channels with one hand while mixing, thus he assumed an interactive role in the process of recording. This type of fader level adjustment is also called ‘riding’ the fader.

Types
Many DJ equipment manufacturers offer different mixers for different purposes, with different fader styles, e.g., "scratching", beatmixing, and cut mixing. High-priced mixers often have crossfade curve switches allowing the DJ to select the type of crossfade necessary. Experienced DJs are also able to crossfade between tracks using the channel faders.

Pre-fader, post-fader
On a mixer with auxiliary send mixes, the send mixes are configured pre-fader or post-fader. If a send mix is configured pre-fader, then changes to the main channel strip fader does not affect the send mix. In live sound reinforcement, this is useful for stage monitor mixes where changes in the Front of House channel levels would distract the musicians. In recording and post production, configuring a send to be pre-fader allows the amount of audio sent to the aux bus to remain unaffected by the individual track fader, thus not disturbing the stability of the feed that is being sent to the musicians. If a send mix is configured post-fader, then the level sent to the send mix follows changes to the main channel strip fader. This is useful for reverberation and other signal processor effects. An example of this is when an engineer would like to add some delay to the vocals – the fader can thus be used to adjust the amount of delay added.

Pre-fader listen (PFL), after-fader listen (AFL)
These functions will be found on a primary monitor function. This pre-fade listen is valuable since it allows one to listen through headphones in order to hear what the pre-faded part sounds like, while the studio loudspeaker is being used to monitor the rest of the program.

Pre-fade listen can also be used for talkback as well as to listen to channels before they have been faded. After-fade listen only gets its information later. The choice of listen or level will depend on the user's interest: either with the quality and/or content of the signal or with the signal's level. PFL takes place just before the fader and has a joint channel and monitoring function. PFL sends the channel's signal path to the pre-fade bus. The bus is picked up in the monitor module and made accessible as a substitute signal that is sent to the mixer output. Automatic PFL has been made available, almost universally, and no longer needs to be selected beforehand.

Pre-fade listen can also be incorporated in radio stations and serves as a vital tool. This function allows the radio presenter to listen to the source before it is faded on air; allowing the presenter to check the source's incoming level and make sure it is accurate. It is also valuable since live radio broadcasts can fall apart without it as they will not be able to monitor the sound. After-fader listen is not as useful in live programs.

title: Fade (audio engineering)


text:
User:Amruta

Amruta is a Graduate Researcher at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

I am currently (as of February 2005) taking a class on " Designing Online Communities (http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/AY2005/cs6470_spring/)". The class is taught by Prof. Amy Bruckman (http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~asb/). As a part of this class, i am conducting a study of the Wikipedia community.

I am working with two other colleagues at Georgia Tech. Our study of Wikipedia is part of an overall research project studying several online communities. The project includes observant participation in the Wikipedia community as well as interviews with Wikipedians.

If you would like to be a part of this study, you are welcomed to participate as an interviewee. Your privacy and rights as a participant are very important to me, and you are required to read the Consent Form (http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/AY2005/cs6470_spring/researchstudy/webconsent_wikipedia_study1.html) carefully. If you agree to participate, please check out the appropriate option at the bottom of the form and email it. You can also contact me at wikipedia_study1@cc.gatech.edu, which is the official GATECH email address for this study.

If you indicate on the consent form that you are willing to participate, a member of the research team will contact you to arrange an interview at your convenience.

You can also email me at amruta@cc.gatech.edu for further information.

title: User:Amruta


text:
Fade (lighting)

In stage lighting, a fade is a gradual increase or decrease of the intensity of light projected onto the stage. The term fade-in refers to gradually changing the lighting level from complete darkness to a predetermined lighting level. A fade-out (also known as fade-to-black) refers to gradually decreasing the intensity of light until none is shining on the stage. A crossfade is when lighting levels are gradually altered from one setting to another. A fade-in is sometimes called a build, and where this terminology is used, a fade is understood to be a fade-out.

Increasing lighting intensities that are not black is referred to as a fade-up. Similarly, decreasing lighting intensities to a level above black is referred to as a fade-down.

Cross-fades are accomplished by executing fade-ups and/or fade-downs. In nearly all theatrical lighting designs, multiple lighting instruments are used to illuminate the stage at any one time. A cue refers to the recorded state of illumination for the entire stage at that time. The intensity of the lighting instruments is often altered with a single crossfade, altering the lighting state of the stage.

The lighting instruments are altered from a dimmer board or lighting control panel operated by a lighting technician. The dimmer board, now referred to as the lighting console, especially with newer digital control systems like DMX, uses a serial data stream to control multiple groups called "universes" of 512 DMX addresses to control compatible fixtures including dimmers, via different methods leading to a single twisted pair of wires connected to the fixtures. DMX consoles are largely computerized, thus allowing digital process control from multiple input devices, and synchronization via MIDI, SMPTE etc.

The terms fade in, fade out, and fade to black were borrowed by Hollywood, and are used in the formal structure of screenplays.

title: Fade (lighting)


text:
Sakae

Sakae may refer to:

Places in Japan

 * Sakae, Chiba (Japanese: 栄町; sakae-machi), a town in Chiba Prefecture
 * Sakae, Niigata (Japanese: 栄町; sakae-machi), a town in Niigata Prefecture
 * Sakae, Nagano (Japanese: 栄村; sakae-mura), a village in Nagano Prefecture
 * Sakae-ku, Yokohama (Japanese: 栄区; sakae-ku), a ward of the city Yokohama, Kanagawa
 * Sakae, Nagoya (Japanese: 栄; sakae), the downtown district of Nagoya (Naka-ku)

Other

 * Sakae (given name)
 * Sakae Ringyo, a Japanese manufacturer of bicycle parts
 * Nakajima Sakae, a Japanese World War II radial aircraft engine

title: Sakae


text:
Category:Senior golf tournaments

In professional golf, senior tournaments are for men aged fifty and above or women aged forty-five and above. Uniquely among sports, men's golf for this age group has a high profile and offers large prizes.

title: Category:Senior golf tournaments


text:
Guelb El-Kebir massacre

The Guelb El-Kebir massacre took place in the village of Guelb el-Kebir, near Beni Slimane, in the Algerian province of Medea, on 20 September 1997. 53 people were killed by attackers that were not immediately identified, though the attack was similar to others carried out by Islamic groups opposed to the Algerian government.

title: Guelb El-Kebir massacre


text: User talk:69.154.20.205

title: User talk:69.154.20.205


text:
Acton Vale, Quebec

Acton Vale is an industrial town in south central Quebec, Canada. It is the seat of the Acton Regional County Municipality and is in the Montérégie administrative region. Its population in the Canada 2021 Census was 7,605. The town covers an area of 90.96 km$2$ (35 sq. mi.).

By road, Acton Vale is 100 km (60 mi.) from the province's largest city, Montreal, and 190 km (120 mi.) from the province's capital, Quebec City. It is also 100 km (60 mi.) from the border with the United States.

History
While the Township of Acton was proclaimed in 1806, it was only in 1850 when the area opened up for settlement due to the construction of the railroad. Incorporated in 1861, the town was named for Acton, a suburb of London, England. The name means "oak town." The town was once a centre for copper mining. Between 1860 and 1875, the Acton copper mine was one of the most important copper mines in the world, but the deposits were quickly depleted.

On January 26, 2000, the parish municipality of Saint-André-d'Acton was merged into the Town of Acton Vale.

Communities
Beside Acton Vale is Lavoie, a community in the south of the municipality, accessible by Highway 139.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Acton Vale had a population of $7,605$ living in $3,479$ of its $3,628$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $7,656$. With a land area of 91.01 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Government
The mayor is Éric Charbonneau.

List of former mayors

 * Éric Charbonneau (2009 - )
 * Juliette Dupuis (2005 - 2009)
 * Maurice Coutu (2001-2005)
 * Anatole Bergeron (1993-2001)
 * Gaston Gigère (????-1993)
 * Roger Labrèque (1974-1986)
 * Henri Boisvert (1966-1974)
 * J.Edmour Gagnon (1963-1966)
 * Lucien Désautels (1962-1963)
 * Roger Labrèque (1948-1962)
 * J.W. Cantin (1942-1948)
 * J. Antonio Leclerc (1940-1942)
 * Dr Philippe Adam (1934-1940)
 * Ernest Boisvert (1932-1933)
 * Auray Fontaine (1928-1932)
 * Ernest Boisvert (1926-1928)
 * Auray Fontaine (1924-1926)
 * Dr. Léon Gauthier (1922-1924)
 * J.E. Marcile (1918-1922)
 * Dr. F.H. Daigneault (1916-1918)
 * Charles Viens (1915-1916)
 * David Lemay (1914-1915)
 * Dr. F.H. Daigneault (1905-1914)
 * Pierre Guertin (1902-1905)
 * Georges Deslandes (1901-1902)
 * J.E. Marcile (1900-1901)
 * Milton McDonald (1897-1900)
 * Auguste Dalpé (1896-1897)
 * Alfred Saint-Amour (1895-1896)
 * Pierre Guertin (1893-1895)
 * Alfred Saint-Amour (1891-1893)
 * Charles Roscony (1881-1891)
 * N.H Dubois (1880-1881)
 * Charles Roscony (1872-1880)
 * Jérémie Morrier (1870-1872)
 * J.A. Cushing (1868-1870)
 * Charles F. McCallum (1866-1868)
 * Jérémie Morrier (1864-1866)
 * A.H. Dubrule (1863-1864)
 * J.A. Cushing (1861-1863)

Media
La Pensée de Bagot is the local newspaper for Acton Vale and the region.

Notable people

 * Kevin Asselin, born 1985, professional ice hockey player

title: Acton Vale, Quebec


text:
Morgan Heritage

Morgan Heritage is a Grammy-winning Jamaican reggae band formed in 1994 by five children of reggae artist Denroy Morgan, namely Peter "Peetah" Morgan, Una Morgan, Roy "Gramps" Morgan, Nakhamyah "Lukes" Morgan, and Memmalatel "Mr. Mojo" Morgan. They have toured internationally and released a number of reggae albums.

Career
Morgan Heritage, formed in 1994, made their first appearance at Reggae Sunsplash in Jamaica. They were subsequently signed by MCA and released their debut album Miracles the same year. This album was more pop-influenced than their later work.

After the release of Miracles, the family moved to Denroy's homeland of Jamaica. In this period, three family members left the group. Once in Jamaica, Morgan Heritage began working with reggae producers Bobby Dixon and Lloyd James, resulting in the release of their second album Protect Us Jah (1997), followed by One Calling (1998), and the spiritually-inclined Don't Haffi Dread (1999). They released three compilation albums by "The Morgan Heritage Family and Friends", and a live album, Live in Europe!, recorded on their 2000 tour. Following the release of their 2001 album More Teachings... Morgan Heritage toured Europe again, and they later returned several times. Also in 2001 they took part in the Vans Warped Tour.

Their sixth studio album, Three in One, came out in 2003. They released two DVDs, "Live In London" and "Live Over Europe 2003", and their seventh studio album Full Circle was released in 2005. Their latest album, Mission In Progress, was released on 15 April 2008. It includes the singles "Faithful" and "Raid Rootz Dance".

After several years during which the members worked on solo projects, the band came together to release the single "The Return" in 2012, and indicated that a new album would be recorded after their 2012 European tour. The album, Here Come the Kings was released by VP Records in June 2013, followed by a tour of Europe.

Morgan Heritage have worked with many reggae bands and DJs, including Capleton, Junior Kelly, Luciano, Gentleman and Beres Hammond.

The group's 2015 album Strictly Roots won the Grammy Award in the Best Reggae Album category in 2016. The band later released the album Avrakedabra, which was nominated for another Grammy in 2018 for the album "Avrakedabra", and in 2019 received a second Grammy.

In February 2024, Morgan Heritage lead singer Peter "Peetah" Morgan died at the age of 46.

Band members

 * Roy "Gramps" Morgan (1994–present)
 * Memmalatel "Mr. Mojo" Morgan (1994–present)

Past members

 * Peter "Peetah" Morgan (1994–2024; deceased)
 * Una Morgan (1994–2019)
 * Nakhamyah "Lukes" Morgan (1994–2019)

Videos

 * "Let's Make Up"
 * "Don't Haffi Dread"
 * "I'll Do Anything For You (Rebirth)" (with Denroy Morgan)
 * "Saddle Up" (LMS + Morgan Heritage)
 * "U've Got Me"
 * "Tell Me How Come"
 * "Faithful"
 * "Liberation Riddim" (Morgan Heritage Family & Friends)
 * "Raid Rootz Dance"
 * "Nothing to Smile About"
 * "Perfect Love Song"
 * "Put It On Me"
 * "Perform and Done"

Albums

 * Miracles (1994)
 * Protect Us Jah (1997)
 * One Calling (1998)
 * Don't Haffi Dread (1999)
 * Live In Europe! (2000)
 * More Teachings (2001)
 * Three In One (2003)
 * Live In Amsterdam! (2003)
 * Morgan Heritage Family and Friends, Vol. 1 (2004)
 * Morgan Heritage Family and Friends, Vol. 2 (2005)
 * Morgan Heritage Family and Friends, Vol. 3 (2005)
 * Full Circle (2005)
 * Live - Another Rockaz Moment (2006)
 * Mission In Progress (2008)
 * Journey Thus Far - Best of (2009)
 * Here Come the Kings (2013), VP
 * Strictly Roots (2015) Music Album
 * Avrakedabra (2017), Cool To Be Conscious Music Group
 * Loyalty (2019), CTBC Music Group/Membran 7 Empire

Related acts
Members of the band have been involved in other projects. Peetah Morgan has released new music featuring his solo sound, including the songs "Stay Getting High", and "Let's Do This" (featuring Alaine), and recorded an album, "T.U.T. (The Undeniable Truth)".

Roy "Gramps" Morgan, CEO of Dada Son Entertainment, released his debut album as a solo artist, entitled Two Sides of My Heart. In 2009, he was featured in the India.Arie song "Therapy". His second solo album, Reggae Music Lives, was released in 2012.

In 2012, Mojo Morgan signed to Krian Music Group. He released his debut solo album in 2013.

Jemere Morgan, son of Roy "Gramps" Morgan, has also made a career in music, releasing his debut single "First Kiss" in August 2011 through Dada Son Entertainment. He recently toured in Europe with Peetah and Gramps Morgan as their opening act. He also toured with Morgan Heritage on their 'Here Come The Kings' tour in 2013.

Denroy Morgan, father of the Morgan Heritage band members, has released four albums of reggae music.

Other Morgan siblings have developed a more hip-hop influenced band called LMS, which often tours with Morgan Heritage.

In January 2019, after performing at the Wasafi Festival in Nairobi on New Year's Eve alongside, Kenyan singer Naiboi, they announced on their Instagram page that they would be working on a project together with the artiste.

title: Morgan Heritage