text:
Ontario Superior Court of Justice

The Superior Court of Justice (French: Cour supérieure de justice) is a superior court in Ontario. The Court sits in 52 locations across the province, including 17 Family Court locations, and consists of over 300 federally appointed judges.

In 1999, the Superior Court of Justice was renamed from the Ontario Court (General Division). The Superior Court is one of two divisions of the Court of Ontario. The other division is the lower court, the Ontario Court of Justice. The Superior Court has three specialized branches: Divisional Court, Small Claims Court, and Family Court.

The Superior Court has inherent jurisdiction over civil, criminal, and family law matters at common law. Although the Court has inherent jurisdiction, the authority of the Court has been entrenched in the Canadian Constitution.

Branches
The Superior Court of Justice has a Commercial List which was established 1991 to look after "complex commercial litigation" in its Civil Division, a Criminal Division, as well as three other branches:

Divisional Court
The Divisional Court hears appeals from some judgments and orders of judges of the Superior Court of Justice and reviews or hears appeals from decisions of administrative tribunals. It hears all appeals from a final order of the Superior Court where the award does not exceed $50,000.00. The Divisional Court also hears appeals from Small Claims Court judgments exceeding $2,500.00 (there is no statutory right of appeal from a Small Claims Court judgment of less than $2,500.00). The Divisional Court consists of the Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice, who is president of the court, and such other judges of the Superior Court as the Chief Justice designates from time to time. Hearings take place before a panel of three judges except in the case of appeals from the Small Claims Court which take place before a single judge. The Divisional Court is a descendant of the court of the same name in England, which is part of the Queen's Bench division of the English High Court of Justice, and hears certain appeals.

Small Claims Court
The Small Claims Court has jurisdiction in civil matters where the amount in issue does not exceed $35,000.00 per party exclusive of interest and costs. The monetary jurisdiction of this court is fixed by regulation, rising to the current limit from $10,000 on January 1, 2010. The majority of Small Claims Court matters are heard by deputy judges, lawyers who have been appointed for a period of three years by the Regional Senior Justice to hear such cases. As result of court reform, no new full-time judges have been appointed by the provincial government to preside in Small Claims Court. Proceedings in the Small Claims Court are governed by a codified set of rules contained in O. Reg. 258/98 (as amended), the Rules of the Small Claims Court, instead of the complex Ontario Rules of Civil Procedure.

Family Court
In those areas of Ontario where the Family Court branch of the Superior Court of Justice does not exist, jurisdiction over family law disputes is divided between the Superior Court of Justice and the Ontario Court of Justice. Cases which have divorce or property claims are brought exclusively in the Superior Court, and child protection and adoption cases must be commenced solely in the Ontario Court of Justice. Each of these two courts has jurisdiction over child and spousal support, as well as custody and access claims.

In those places where the Family Court branch of the Superior Court of Justice has been established, there is no divided jurisdiction in family law matters. The Family Court succeeds what was known as the Unified Family Court, which began as a pilot project in Hamilton, in 1977. It has complete jurisdiction over all family law matters in its area, including those matters currently within the jurisdiction of judges of the Provincial Division and the General Division. The Family Court is presided over by a Senior Judge of the Superior Court for the Family Court. The Family Court consists of the Chief Justice of the Superior Court, the Associate Chief Justice (Family Court) the Senior Judge of the Family Court, and any other Superior Court Judge as assigned by the Chief Justice or designate.

Administrative structure
The Superior Court consists of the Chief Justice of the Superior Court, the Associate Chief Justice of the Superior Court, eight Regional Senior Judges, the Senior Judge of the Family Court, and a total of 218 federally appointed judges. In addition, there are a number of supernumerary judges appointed as required from time to time.

The Chief Justice is responsible for the sittings of the Court and assigning judicial duties, as well as other matters relating to the governance and administration of the Court. The Associate Chief Justice, eight Regional Senior Judges, and the Senior Judge of the Family Court form the Executive of the Court, which provides advice to the Chief Justice on policy and governance. Together, the Chief Justice and the members of the Executive work to ensure the proper administration of the Court.

Ontario is divided into eight regions for judicial administration. Each region is headed by a Regional Senior judge who exercises the powers and performs the duties of the Chief justice in that region.

There are also provincially appointed judicial officers who exercise certain functions in the superior court. These include associate judges, assessment officers and registrars.

Effective September 2021, Case Management Masters are referred to as "associate judges". They are provincially appointed judicial officers with the authority to hear and determine certain matters in civil cases, including motions, pre-trials, and case conferences. Associate judges also adjudicate construction lien trials, mortgage and general references, provide dispute resolution services, and serve as registrars in bankruptcy under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act.

Orders made by associate judges have the same force and effect as judges' orders although they may be appealed to a judge. Associate judges are appointed and paid by the provincial government. Associate judges have existed in the courts of Ontario since 1837.

Notable past judges

 * Todd L. Archibald 1999-2021
 * Archie Campbell 1996–2007
 * Patrick LeSage 1999–2002 as Chief Justice
 * Sarah E. Pepall (1999 to 2012) – appointed to Ontario Court of Appeal
 * David H. Doherty (1988–1990)
 * Michael Moldaver (1990–1995), appointed to the Court of Appeal; appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada (2011)
 * Andromache Karakatsanis (2002–2010), appointed to the Court of Appeal; appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada (2011)
 * Edward W. Ducharme (2002–2012), appointed to Ontario Court of Appeal
 * Alexandra Hoy (2002–2011), appointed to Ontario Court of Appeal
 * Mary Lou Benotto (2001–2013), appointed to Ontario Court of Appeal
 * Frank Marrocco (2005–2020; Associate Chief Justice 2013–2020)
 * Michelle O'Bonsawin (2017-2022), appointed to Supreme Court of Canada

title: Ontario Superior Court of Justice


text:
Talk:Overkill (Motörhead album)

Fair use rationale for Image:Overkill.jpg
Image:Overkill.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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Release in the US
This and Bomber were not released in 1979 in America!108.81.33.59 (talk) 22:28, 1 June 2014 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Overkill (Motörhead album)


text:
Sirenomelia

Sirenomelia, also called mermaid syndrome, is a rare congenital deformity in which the legs are fused together, giving the appearance of a mermaid's tail, hence the nickname.

Classification
Sirenomelia is classified by the skeletal structure of the lower limb, ranging from class I, where all bones are present and only the soft tissues are fused, to class VII where the only bone present is a fused femur.

It has also been classified as an expanded part of the VACTERL association and as a form of caudal regression syndrome.

Presentation
Sirenomelia is mainly characterized by the fusion of both legs with rotation of the fibula. It may include the absence of the lower spine, as well as abnormalities of the pelvis and renal organs. It was previously thought to be a severe form of sacral agensis/caudal regression syndrome, but more recent research confirms that these two conditions are not related. In general, the more severe cases of limb fusion correlate with more severe dysplasia in the pelvis. Rather than the two iliac arteries present in fetuses with complete renal agenesis, fetuses with sirenomelia display no branching of the abdominal aorta, which is always absent.

Associated defects recorded in cases of sirenomelia include neural tube defects (rachischisis, anencephaly, and spina bifida), holoprosencephaly, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, other heart defects, esophageal atresia, omphalocele, intestinal malrotation, persistent cloaca, and other limb defects (most commonly absence of the radius).

Causes
The ultimate cause of sirenomelia is a subject of debate. The first hypothesis of its origin was developed in 1927 and proposed that a lack of blood supply to the lower limbs during their development is responsible for the defect. This "vascular steal" hypothesis was developed in response to the observed absence or severe underdevelopment of the aorta below the umbilical artery, which "steals" the blood supply from the lower limbs. Other hypotheses involve an insult to the embryo between 28 and 32 days affecting the caudal mesoderm, a teratogen exposure affecting the neural tube during neurulation, and a defect in the twinning process that either stops the process of caudal differentiation or generates a second primitive streak.

Maternal diabetes mellitus has been associated with caudal regression syndrome and sirenomelia, although a few sources question this association. Prenatal cocaine exposure has also been suggested as an association with sirenomelia.

Genetics
In animal models, several genes have been found to cause or be associated with sirenomelia. The srn (siren) gene is observed to cause hindlimb fusion in homozygous mice. Mice with knockouts or mutations in both tsg1 and bmp7 will also have hindlimb fusion.

Diagnosis
Though obvious at birth, sirenomelia can be diagnosed as early as 14 weeks gestation on prenatal ultrasound. When there is low amniotic fluid around the fetus (oligohydramnios), the diagnosis is more difficult.

Prognosis
Sirenomelia is usually fatal. Many pregnancies with a sirenomelic fetus spontaneously miscarry. One-third to one-half of infants are stillborn, with all but a few dying in the neonatal period.

In cases of monoamniotic twins where one is affected, the twin with sirenomelia is protected from Potter sequence (particularly pulmonary hypoplasia and abnormal facies) by the normal twin's production of amniotic fluid.

Epidemiology
This condition is found in approximately one out of every 100,000 live births; studies produce rates from 1 in 68,741 to 1 in 97,807. It is 100 to 150 times more likely in identical (monozygotic) twins than in singletons or fraternal twins. Sirenomelia is not associated with any ethnic background, but fetuses with sirenomelia are more likely to be male.

Etymology
The word sirenomelia derives from the ancient Greek word seirēn, referring to the mythological Sirens, who were sometimes depicted as mermaids, and melos, meaning "limb".

History
Sirenomelia was first reported in 1542. In 1927, Otto Kampmeier discovered the association between sirenomelia and single umbilical artery.

Notable individuals
Only a few individuals who had some functioning kidney tissues have survived the neonatal period.

Tiffany Yorks
Tiffany Yorks of Clearwater, Florida (May 7, 1988 – February 24, 2016) underwent successful surgery in order to separate her legs before she was a year old. She was the longest-surviving sirenomelia patient to date. She had mobility issues due to her fragile leg bones and compensated by using crutches or a wheelchair. She died on February 24, 2016, at the age of 27.

Shiloh Pepin
Shiloh Jade Pepin (August 4, 1999 – October 23, 2009) was born in Kennebunkport, Maine, United States with her lower extremities fused, no bladder, no uterus, no rectum, only 6 inches of large intestine, no vagina, only one quarter of a kidney and one ovary. Her parents initially anticipated she could expect only a few months of life. At age 4 months, her natural kidney failed, and she began dialysis. A kidney transplant at age 2 lasted a number of years, and in 2007 a second kidney transplant was successful. She attended Consolidated Elementary School. She remained hopeful about her disease and joked often and lived her life happily, despite her challenges, as seen in her TLC documentary in "Extraordinary People: Mermaid Girl". Shiloh and her family were debating surgery because of the risks involved, even though it would improve her quality of life. Many people who have this condition undergo surgery when they are young, but Shiloh was already 8 years old in the documentary and had not undergone surgery. Shiloh was the only one of the three survivors of sirenomelia without surgery for separation of the conjoined legs. She died of pneumonia on October 23, 2009, at Maine Medical Center in Portland, Maine, at the age of 10; having appeared on the Oprah Winfrey Show on September 22, 2009. Shiloh gained a following of admirers by documenting her condition on TV, Facebook, and the Internet.

Milagros Cerrón
Milagros Cerrón Arauco (April 27, 2004 – October 24, 2019) was born in Huancayo, Peru. Although most of Milagros' internal organs, including her heart and lungs, were in perfect condition, she was born with serious internal defects, including a deformed left kidney and a very small right one located very low in her body. In addition, her digestive, urinary tracts and genitals shared a single tube. This birth defect occurs during the gastrulation week (week 3) of embryonic development. Gastrulation establishes the three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. It seems that complications such as defects in the urogenital system as mentioned above can be possibly due to malformations in the intermediate mesoderm.

A four-hour operation to insert silicone bags between her legs to stretch the skin was successfully completed on February 8, 2005. A successful operation to separate her legs to just above the knee took place May 31, 2005, in a "Solidarity Hospital" in the district of Surquillo in Lima. The procedure, however, was so intensive that she became traumatized to the degree of losing her ability to form proper speech patterns, leaving her nearly mute. It is not known if this was a physiological or psychological condition. However, at Milagros' second birthday, her mother reported that she knew more than 50 words. A second operation to complete the separation up to the groin took place on September 7, 2006.

Her doctor Luis Rubio said he was pleased with the progress Milagros had made, but cautioned that she still needed 10 to 15 years of rehabilitation and more operations before she could lead a normal life, particularly reconstructive surgery to rebuild her rudimentary anus, urethra and genitalia.

Milagros' parents are from a poor village in Peru's Andes Mountains; the Solidarity Hospital had given a job to her father Ricardo Cerrón so that the family could remain in Lima, while the City of Lima pledged to pay for many of the operations.

She died on October 24, 2019, at the age of 15.

title: Sirenomelia


text:
Talk:Bomber (album)

Fair use rationale for Image:Bomber.jpg
Image:Bomber.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Am I to understand this album was released before it was recorded?

No, the writer correctly states that it was the fourth album recorded by the band but only the third to be released, as 'On Parole' was initially shelved by the label. Alister, UK 86.154.218.29 00:41, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Bomber (album)


text:
Locust Hill

Locust Hill may refer to:

 * in Canada
 * Locust Hill, Ontario, a settlement in the eastern part of Markham, Ontario

 * in the United States

 * Locust Hill, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
 * Locust Hill, Missouri, an unincorporated community
 * Locust Hill (Brunswick, Missouri), listed on the NRHP in Chariton County, Missouri
 * Locust Hill, Virginia (disambiguation), multiple locations
 * Locust Hill (Hurt, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Pittsylvania County, Virginia
 * Locust Hill (Leesburg, Virginia), a historic house, in Loudoun County
 * Locust Hill (Locust Dale, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Madison County, Virginia
 * Locust Hill (Mechanicsville, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Rockbridge County, Virginia

title: Locust Hill


text:
Chimalpopoca

Chimalpopoca ( for "smoking shield," ) or Chīmalpopōcatzin (1397–1427) was the third Emperor of Tenochtitlan (1417–1427).

Biography
Chimalpopoca was born to the Emperor Huitzilihuitl and Queen Ayauhcihuatl.

Rule
Chimalpopoca was crowned in 1417 (some sources say 1416 or 1418), at approximately 20 years old. At that time, Tenochtitlan was a tributary of the Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco, which was ruled by his grandfather Tezozomoc. This alliance, and the Mexicas' position within it, was strengthened by Tenochtitlan's loyalty during Tezozomoc's 1418 war with Ixtlilxochitl I of Texcoco. The conquered city was granted to Tenochtitlan as a tributary.

Nezahualcoyotl, displaced prince of Texcoco, was living in the mountains. Chimalpopoca interceded with Tezozomoc on his behalf, and Tezozomoc agreed to allow Netzahualcoyotl to live in Tenochtitlan under his protection.

In 1426 Tezozómoc assisted Chimalpopoca in the construction of a new aqueduct. This aqueduct was of wood, and ran from the elevated place of Chapultepec to Tenochtitlan.

Chimalpopoca also had a causeway constructed to Tlacopan. The causeway contained openings spanned by wooden bridges, which were removed at night.

Also during his reign he dedicated a stone for sacrifices in the Tlacocomoco section of Tenochtitlan. The conquest of Tequizquiac is also attributed to him.

Family
Chimalpopoca was the son of Huitzilihuitl, the previous ruler, but there are some sources that say he was a son of Acamapichtli, the first ruler of Tenochtitlan, making him Huitzilihuitl's brother. Gerónimo de Mendieta, in his Historia eclesiástica indiana, notes the discrepancy and concludes that Huitzilihuitl, Chimalpopoca and Itzcoatl (Chimalpopoca's successor) must have been brothers, based on his understanding of the Aztec system of succession.

He had many wives and children. One of the wives was his cousin Matlalatzin. His son was Tezozomoc, king of Ecatepec.

Three versions of the family tree of the first Aztec rulers:

Chimalpopoca was a grandson of Acamapichtli and Tezozomoc and half-brother of Moctezuma I.

Death
When Tezozomoc died in 1426 after a long reign, he was succeeded by his son Tayauh (also known as Tayatzin). However Maxtla, ruler of Coyoacan and brother of Tayauh, usurped the throne. Chimalpopoca allied with Tayauh, and so Maxtla had Chimalpopoca killed, though the details remain unclear. Maxtla also raised the tribute required from Tenochtitlan as further punishment for Chimalpopoca's actions.

Maxtla subsequently named their brother, Itzcoatl, the tlatoani of the region. However, Itzcoatl quickly allied himself with Nezahualcoyotl of Texcoco and Totoquihuatzin of Tlacopan, and they collectively took down Maxtla, who had remained the Tepanec king.

title: Chimalpopoca


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Superior Defender Gundam Force

Superior Defender Gundam Force, or SD Gundam Force (SDガンダムフォース), is a 2003 Japanese-American anime television series produced by Sunrise. The series was released to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Gundam media franchise, and was the first Gundam series to be entirely animated in cel-shaded 3D computer graphics (3DCG), and the first full-3DCG series to be broadcast on Japanese television. The show was directed by Yūichi Abe.

Overview
A Japan/America co-production, 26 episodes of Superior Defender Gundam Force initially aired on the Cartoon Network in the U.S., and later 52 episodes were broadcast on TV Tokyo in Japan, making it the longest Gundam series ever broadcast. The TV show was the first Japanese anime not to be released on VHS; its home video releases are only available on DVD with each containing three episodes. Though the final 26 episodes were not aired on television in America, fans petitioned for the second half of the series to be released and the last 26 episodes were released in an English-dubbed DVD set in 2008.

The title of the show is a reference to the SD Gundam, or Super-Deformed Gundam sub-franchise, though for this show, SD stands for Superior Defender. It is a crossover series based on the three SD Gundam settings that were used in earlier SD Gundam anime and manga: SD Command Chronicles, a science-fiction-styled militaristic setting; Musha Gundam, a setting with samurai-themed robots; and Knight Gundam, a medieval European fantasy-themed setting. It also contains many references and homages to the standard Gundam shows, especially those of the Universal Century, Future Century, and After Colony timelines. In a sharp contrast to the dark nature of most of the other Gundam series, SD Gundam Force is relatively lighthearted, though it does at times get more serious as the series goes on, it is never as dark as the more "traditional" Gundam series.

Synopsis
The story is set in the futuristic city of Neotopia, a happy peaceful place where humans and robots co-exist, until the Dark Axis, an evil force from another dimension, arrives.

Aware of the Dark Axis in advance, Neotopia established the secret Super Dimensional Guard to combat the invaders while keeping the conflict a secret from the public. A young boy named Shute becomes involved accidentally in the first battle between the Dark Axis and the SDG's Gundam Force robot hero, Captain Gundam. Shute's friendship with the Captain is critical to activating Captain's Soul Drive, the mysterious power source that is the key to victory. As the fighting continues, Gundams from other dimensions such as Zero and Bakunetsumaru, arrive to join the battle as allies. As the Gundam Force beats back the mono-eyed invaders the battle spreads beyond Neotopia into the dimensions of Lacroa and Ark, leading into a final confrontation with the supreme leader of the Dark Axis - General Zeong.

Characters
The characters of SD Gundam Force are split into two major factions- Super Dimensional Guard and Dark Axis. Amongst these are various sub-factions/alliances, usually designated by their members land of origin.

Japanese cast

 * Kibaomaru - Masayuki Tanaka
 * Patrol Ball - Kiyotaka Furujima
 * Gundamusai, Raimi - Sato Yuko
 * Moukinmaru - Tetsuo Komura
 * Ginkaku - Masanobu Kariya
 * Kinkaku - Makoto Yasumura
 * Britainmaru - Eiji Maruyama
 * Kijumaru - Hirofumi Nojima

English cast

 * Allan Peters
 * David Lelyveld
 * Taylor Henry
 * Aliki Theofilopoulos Grafft
 * Dave Mallow
 * John Smallberries

Episode list

 * 1) His Name is Captain (その名はキャプテン)
 * 2) Soul Drive, Activate! (輝け！ソウルドライブ)
 * 3) Zero, the Flying Knight (天駆ける騎士 ゼロ)
 * 4) Attack the Enemy Musai! (敵のムサイ艦を叩け!)
 * 5) Gundam Force, Team Up! (結成！ガンダムフォース)
 * 6) The Blazing Samurai Comes to Neotopia (炎の武者、ネオトピアを征く)
 * 7) Go! Gunbike! (激走！ガンバイカー!)
 * 8) A Princess, A Cake, and the Winged Knight (姫とケーキと翼の騎士)
 * 9) Bakunetsumaru's Struggle (爆熱丸奮闘記)
 * 10) Gundam Force Triple Attack! (必殺！トリプルアタック!)
 * 11) The Mystery of Lacroa Part 1: Arrival (迷宮のラクロア・前編)
 * 12) The Mystery of Lacroa Part 2: Trapped (迷宮のラクロア・中編)
 * 13) The Mystery of Lacroa Part 3: Return (迷宮のラクロア・後編)
 * 14) Undercover Mission! Learn the Gundam Force's Secrets! (ガンダムフォースの秘密にせまれ)
 * 15) Mach Wings: GunEagle! (音速の翼　ガンイーグル!)
 * 16) Masters of the Deep Sea: GunDivers! (深海の覇者　ガンダイバー!)
 * 17) Ashuramaru: The Old Rival Returns (新たな刺客、その名は阿修羅丸)
 * 18) Fly, Captain! The SDG Base Hangs by a Thread! (S.D.G.基地　危機一髪!)
 * 19) Showdown! Bakunetsumaru vs. Ashuramaru (決闘！爆熱丸対阿修羅丸)
 * 20) Fenn's Disaster (フェンの災難)
 * 21) Awakening! Feather Dragon (覚醒！フェザードラゴン)
 * 22) Attack of the Big-Zam (ビグ・ザム強襲)
 * 23) Fire Up! Captain System (発動！キャプテンシステム)
 * 24) Trouble! Stolen Soul Drive (ピンチ！ソウルドライブ強奪)
 * 25) Neotopia's Moment of Truth (ネオトピア最大の危機)
 * 26) The Final Battle! Commander vs. Captain (決戦！コマンダー対キャプテン)
 * 27) Into the Dark Axis! (突入！ダークアクシズ)
 * 28) Ways of the Warrior (三つの道)
 * 29) No More Ultimate Techniques! Terror of the Minov Boundary Sea (必殺技封印！？ミノフス境海の脅威)
 * 30) Big Comeback! We're the Heroes? (復活！俺たちが主役だ！？)
 * 31) Evil Sword Epyon (魔剣エピオン)
 * 32) Epyon's Assault! (エピオン強襲！)
 * 33) Rescue Operation: The Cursed Princess Lacroa (奪還！呪われしラクロア姫)
 * 34) Princess in a Black Dress (黒き衣のラクロア姫)
 * 35) Genkimaru, Samurai Number One! (天下一等！元気丸〜っ！の巻)
 * 36) Rice Balls and the Garden of Wisdom (おにぎりと英知の園)
 * 37) Fierce Fight! Deathscythe the Knight of Darkness (激突！闇のデスサイズ)
 * 38) Princess Rele, Revived! (リリ姫、復活！)
 * 39) Gerbera's Invitation (ガーベラの呼び声)
 * 40) Kibaomaru's Attack!! (騎馬王丸、襲来!)
 * 41) Shute and the Princess Captured! (囚われたシュウトとリリ)
 * 42) War-torn Ark (戦乱の天宮)
 * 43) The Ultimate Challenge! Kibaomaru vs Shute (究極の一手！騎馬王丸対シュウト)
 * 44) Bakushinmaru, Flare Up!! (爆心丸、炎上!!)
 * 45) Gundam Force, Assembled!! (ガンダムフォース集合!!)
 * 46) The Tears of Cobramaru (虚武羅丸の涙)
 * 47) Musha Daishinshou Unleashed! (起動！武者大神将)
 * 48) Tenchijo on Fire! Genkimaru's Roar!! (炎の天地城、元気丸の叫び！)
 * 49) Prelude to Destruction: Gerbera's True Identity (破滅への序曲、ガーベラの正体)
 * 50) Total Annihilation?! The Threat of the General (世界消失！？ジェネラルの脅威)
 * 51) The Final Battle! The General vs Everyone! (大決戦！ジェネラルvsみんな)
 * 52) The Voyage Home (帰り道)

Title cards
Each episode's title is presented over a card whose art changed as the series progressed to reflect the evolution of the main cast:
 * A simple shining Gundam Force badge
 * The three main Gundams assemble and the Captain fires his rifle directly at the screen. After the glow subsides the Gundams are seen together and Shute leaps into frame and joins them.
 * The three Gundams stand in the background as Shute leaps up in the foreground, standing in a triumphant pose.
 * The Gundams appear in their regular forms before the card spins around to reveal them in their most powerful forms.

Differences between English and Japanese versions
Although SD Gundam Force was designed with US standards in mind, subtle differences exist between the English- and Japanese-language versions of the show. These include:
 * In the intro for the English version of episode 8 "A Princess, A Cake, and A Winged Knight", Shute begins his usual description for Neotopia, but instead calls it Ypsilanti, Michigan then laughs says he's "just kidding" and continues on with his usual intro.
 * Various eyecatches are used in the Japanese version, while the English release uses only one. Examples of the differences in the Japanese version include one featuring Mayor Margaret with the various Neotopian Ball mecha, and subtle changes to the standard animation such as Bakunetsumaru tripping over, causing his helmet to fall off.
 * The Japanese version has a set of specific OPs and EDs while the US version uses scenes/screenshots from the show. While the Japanese version uses similar for its OPs, the EDs are mostly new animation:
 * OP 1 "Sunrise" by Puffy AmiYumi (eps. 1-13)
 * OP 2 "Love & Peace" by Little by Little (eps. 14-26)
 * OP 3 "Taiyou ni Kogarete" by Harebare (eps. 27-52)
 * ED 1 "Shinjiru Chikara" by Whiteberry (eps. 1-13) - A Zako soldier steals Sayla's umbrella, prompting Shute to give chase. Initially unsuccessful, Captain convinces him not to give up and Shute finally manages to retrieve it.
 * ED 2 "Kokoro Odoru" by nobodyknows+ (eps. 14-26) - Various members of the cast dancing.
 * ED 3 "Kimi to Boku" by I WiSH (eps. 27-38) - The Gundamusai flying through the Minov Sea.
 * ED 4 "Koishikute..." by Les.R (eps. 39-52) - Scenes of Princess Rele.

 * In the episode "Cobramaru's Tears", Cobramaru attempts ritual suicide to repent for failing his master Kibaomaru. As the issue of attempted suicide in a children's show would be controversial in most English-speaking countries, the dialogue in the English-language version was changed to imply that Kibaomaru is ordering Cobramaru to kill himself and/or go into exile.
 * In the Japanese version, certain characters are voiced by the voice actors of the past Gundam characters they are referencing. As the Gundam dubs have used various voice acting casts this homage was not used in the English-language version.

Manga
SD Gundam Force has two manga adaptations. These include: a serialized retelling of the show, SD Gundam Force, and a sidestory manga, Superior Defender Gundam Force Gaiden.

Similar to most TV-to-manga adaptations, the 3-volume adaptation makes various subtle but notable changes for pacing reasons. Examples include: the complete absence of Gunbike/Gunpanzer, and Madnug managing to override his brainwashing, only to be killed by Zeong for his betrayal.

The sidestory manga presents stories of Captain Gundam, Bakunetsumaru, Zero, Zapper Zaku, Grappler Gouf and Destroyer Dom that cover untold additions to the show as well as character backstories.

Video games
Two games have been released based on the show: a side scrolling platform game for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) and a 3D action adventure game for the PlayStation 2. The GBA game retells the story of the first 26 episodes of the show and allows players to play as either Captain Gundam, Bakunetsumaru, or Zero the Winged Knight. Characters can be switched at any time (for the cost of one bar from the special attack meter) and players need to use each character's strengths to successfully complete the game.

The PS2 title was a much grander affair, presenting a brand new story. The mysterious Dimensional Halo appears in Neotopia and creates mirror versions of Neotopia, Lacroa and Ark. The Gundam Force are forced to battle their way through these copy dimensions and even face their own evil doppelgangers to reach De Scar Road and defeat the Dimensional Halo. Each Gundam Force member has a variety of new forms they can achieve including one super secret form for each which can only be unlocked by a code. The code was presented on a Japanese trading card and eventually filtered to the Western fandom. The game eventually allows the player to play as a Zako soldier.

The Dimensional Halo and its minions were based on the weapons of the Zanscare Empire in Victory Gundam. The game also features further references to the earlier UC, FC and AC timeline in the form of new villains to populate the mirror dimensions.

The second track used in the series' closing credits, Kokoro Odoru by nobodyknows+, featured in the 2005 Nintendo DS rhythm action game Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan.

The Ride
During the show's run in Japan, a limited time attraction was opened. Titled SD Gundam Force: Destructive Daishogun Appears!!Zako?, the twenty-minute show used a special theater to present a whole new SD Gundam Force adventure with which the audience could interact. Seemingly set in between episodes 26 and 27, although overall it is best treated as being non-canon, the stars of the show are the Zakos who have been forced to become the SDG's cleaning crew. The Lacroan villain Da Jarle Knight of the Hammer, and the Ark Destructive Daishogun Hakaimaru, seek to unify the world with the mysterious Zakarello Mobile. Da Jarle is able to change the appearance of others and Hakaimaru has a bath fetish that leads him to create a 'Super Bathhouse' command station. The audience and the Zakos join the Gundam Force as they attempt to stop this new alliance.

Original characters were created for the show by Masato Ichishiki, author of the SD Gundam Musha Maruden/SD Gundam Force Emaki Musharetsuden/SD Gundam Musha Banchō Fūunroku manga. Motion capture data was taken from Japanese pro-wrestler Shinya Hashimoto for Hakaimaru's movements. While Hakaimaru appears to be a generic Musha Gundam, Da Jarle resembles an OZ-12SMS Taurus.

The video portion of this attraction is included as an extra on the complete Japanese SD Gundam Force DVD box set.

Reception
Season 1 of the series aired in the U.S. four months ahead of the Japanese release and was the first Gundam series to do so. However, despite its success in the US, Season 2 was not broadcast in North American markets due to the first season's disappointing ratings in Japan when it premiered later.

Also, at the time it was aired, SD Gundam Force was the least-watched Gundam title in Japan, having averaged a 2.1% TV rating in the Kantō region during its broadcast.

title: Superior Defender Gundam Force


text:
Talk:Renewable energy development

Creation
Due to overflow, I have moved here the following material from Renewable energy: 1 The renewable energy movement

1 Renewable energy today 2 Renewable energy use by nation 3 Renewable energy controversies 3.1 Lack of motivation for funding

4 Renewable energy support mechanisms 4.1 Tariff mechanisms 4.2 Quota mechanisms 4.3 Contract bidding mechanisms 4.4 Production tax credits

I copied also, w/o change: 5 External links 6 References MGTom 20:34, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)

There are two entries for US in geothermal in the list of leading electricity producers

Renewable energy utilisation by nation
THe US is listed 1st and 3rd - what is the rationale for this? Sources for the table would also be useful. Gardar Rurak 05:59, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

Merging
I know this page was created due to overflow from Renewable Energy but IMO the history and renewable energy today sections would be excellent replacements for much of the intro to the original Renewable Energy Article. Contributors please comment! --Huggsy 00:46, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Out of place?
Under the major heading "Renewable energy support mechanisms," there is an article at the very end labeled "Energy generating products" that goes into some detail about a new technology for extracting energy from the impact on the knees while walking. I found it to be quite interesting, but this seems like a strange place for this information. I am rather new to Wikipedia, so I am hesitant to edit this myself (especially, since I can't immediately come up with an article this would fit into), so I will leave that to one of the maintainers of this page (or the original poster). I just thought it might be helpful to point it out. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Phlict (talk • contribs) 13:59, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Renewable energy development


text:
New York Hall of Science

The New York Hall of Science, also known as NYSCI, is a science museum at Flushing Meadows-Corona Park in the Corona neighborhood of Queens in New York City. It occupies one of the few remaining structures from the 1964 New York World's Fair, and is New York City's only hands-on science and technology center. The more than 400 hands-on exhibits focus on biology, chemistry, and physics.

Early years
The museum was established in 1964 as part of the 1964 World's Fair in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, and at the time was one of only a few science museums in existence. Unlike many other institutions, which were closed immediately or soon after the Fair, the Hall remained open after the fair, and served as a resource for students. Its exhibits at the time were somewhat limited but included plans for the world's first atomarium open to the public.

The Hall remained open for 15 years, but in 1979 it was closed for major renovations, not to reopen until 1983 at the earliest. By May 1982, according to a New York Daily News article at the time, the condition of the museum had deteriorated to such a state that "paint peels from the Saturn V and Apollo hulls, and graffiti adorn the walls around the space park; chipped cement and scattered stones fill the moat beneath the hall". At the time, even though renovations were completed in 1983, city funding for the museum was severed because only $40,000 out of $8 million of promised funding had been raised.

Reopening and expansion
In 1984, New York City hired physicist Alan J. Friedman to help with the museum's transition from a focus on science fiction-type exhibits that predicted the future, to relevance to everyday lives of ordinary citizens. At the time Friedman was appointed, the museum was basically an empty shell, having "an inch of water on the floor. All the exhibits had been given away. Even the light fixtures had been yanked out of the wall”, but renovations continued. After it reopened in 1986, giving New York City a science museum for the first time since it had closed seven years earlier, plans for the display of an atom were realized with a $40,000 exhibit for a quantum atom that was a part of a $400,000 expansion and renovation at the museum. The museum's growth and ability to draw crowds was unexpected and led to the city's pursuit of further funds and expansion.

At the time of its re-opening, the museum was unique in that it also provided a training program for science majors who could then go on to study under a tuition waiver program at nearby Queens College in exchange for committing to spend at least two years in city schools who needed science educators.

The museum's role in the life of city school children continued, and in 1991 it announced plans for a ten-year, $80 million renovation and expansion to be able to meet the needs of a growing visitorship. Further expansion, which included a new entrance rotunda, driveway, cafe, gift shop and theater, as well as a 30,000 sqft science playground, began in 1996 and reflected the need for constant updates in science museums to keep their displays up to date and relevant. In recognition of its continued upgrading, the Hall was granted the status of a New York City cultural institution, given to a limited number of organizations.

The New York Hall of Science temporarily closed in March 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. The museum reopened in July 2021 but closed again in September after flooding damage from Hurricane Ida. The museum then reopened in February 2022.

Funding
In 2005, the Hall was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation, which had been made possible through a donation by New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg. The Hall has continued to receive funding from a number of sources essential to its operation and expansion. This represented a welcome change for the museum from the 1990s during which severe cuts in funding threatened its ability to operate successfully.

Exhibits
The Hall mainly focuses on education for children ages 1–17 and its audience consists primarily of city children for whom the exposure to science is something new. The museum includes a large permanent collection as well as a range of travelling exhibitions. Although somewhat more common now, the museum was among the first to have its young visitors assess its exhibits and it welcomed their feedback in preparation for the re-opening in 1986. The Hall's permanent exhibitions include:

 * Gingerbread Lane
 * Hidden Kingdoms: The World of Microbes
 * Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond
 * Preschool Place
 * Rocket Park
 * Science Playground
 * Science Technology Library
 * The Search for Life Beyond the Earth
 * Seeing the Light
 * Sound Sensations: The Inside Story of Audio
 * The Sports Challenge
 * Technology Gallery
 * Amateur Radio Station

title: New York Hall of Science


text:
Air Djibouti

Air Djibouti, also known as Red Sea Airlines, is the flag carrier of Djibouti. It first flew in 1963 and ceased all operations in 2002. In 2015, the airline was relaunched, first as a cargo airline and then, in 2016, with passenger services as well. It is headquartered in the capital, Djibouti.

Air Djibouti (1963–1970)
Air Djibouti was set up as Compagnie Territoriale de Transports Aériens de la Cote Française des Somalis in April 1963 by B. Astraud, who had been operating an air ambulance service in Madagascar and believed Djibouti was in condition to support an airline that would help boost the country's economy. Operations commenced in April 1964 with a fleet of a Bristol 170, a De Havilland Dragon Rapide and two Beechcraft Model 18 aircraft, initially serving Dikhil, Obock and Tadjoura. A brand new Douglas DC-3 helped the airline starting services between Dire Dawa and Aden, Addis Ababa and Taiz. The successfulness of this service prompted the airline to buy five more DC-3s from Air Liban, which rapidly replaced the smaller aircraft in the fleet. The carriage of mail and personal for the government and charter and Hajj flights complemented the carrier's revenues. A five-seater Aérospatiale Alouette III helicopter was purchased in 1969.

Air Djibouti–Red Sea Airlines (1971–2002)
Air Djibouti–Red Sea Airlines was formed in April 1971 as a result of Air Somalie (founded by Air France and Les Messagéries Maritimes in 1962) taking over the former Air Djibouti founded in 1963. In 1977, following the independence of Djibouti, the government boosted its participation in the carrier to 62.5%; Air France held 32.29% and banks and private investors held the balance. At July 1980, the number of employees was 210 and the fleet consisted of two Twin Otter aircraft. At this time, a domestic network was served along with international flights to Aden, Hodeida and Taiz; Addis Ababa, Cairo and Jeddah were also served in conjunction with Air France. With a fleet of two DC-9-30s and two Twin Otters, at March 1990 Air Djibouti had Abu Dhabi, Aden, Addis Ababa, Cairo, Dire Dawa, Hargeisa, Jeddah, Nairobi, Paris, Rome and Sana'a as part of the airline's international network, and flew domestically to Obock and Tadjoura. The president was Aden Robleh Awaleh, who employed 229. The airline ceased operations in 1991.

The carrier was refounded in 1997 and operations started again in July 1998 using a leased ex-Kuwait Airways 194-seater Airbus A310-200. At March 2000, the A310 was deployed on scheduled routes to Addis Ababa, Asmara, Cairo, Dar-es-Salaam, Dubai, Jeddah, Johannesburg, Karachi, Khartoum, Mogadishu, Mombasa, Muscat, Nairobi, Rome and Taiz. Operations ceased in 2002.

Relaunch
Air Djibouti was set to relaunch service in late 2015 and 2016 with Chairman Aboubaker Omar Hadi and CEO Mario Fulgoni. The company is also supported by South Wales-based Cardiff Aviation. In late 2015 Air Djibouti relaunched service with a Boeing 737 freighter. The government wishes to establish the country as a regional logistics and commercial hub for trade in East Africa, and chose to relaunch the airline as part of this plan. The airline started regional services with the Boeing 737-400 on 16 August 2016 and planned to introduce two British Aerospace 146-300 aircraft before the end of 2016.

Destinations
, Air Djibouti served the following destinations.

Current
Air Djibouti relaunched service in 2015 using a wet-leased Fokker 27. In 2016, the company leased a Boeing 737-400 from Cardiff Aviation, which was the first aircraft the new airline operated. Air Djibouti later entered a wet-lease for a BAe 146-300. By September 2017, all three aircraft had been returned to their lessors.

Historic fleet
In the 1960s, the airline operated Douglas DC-3s, a Beechcraft Model 18, and a Beechcraft Musketeer. In the early 1970s, the fleet also included a Douglas DC-6; the two Beechcrafts had been replaced by a Bell JetRanger helicopter, and a Piper Cherokee Six.

Before operations were suspended Air Djibouti operated 1 Airbus A310 and 5 Boeing 737-200 aircraft.

Accidents and incidents

 * On 23 July 1969, an Air Djibouti Douglas C-47 (registered F-OCKT) ditched 9 nmi off Djibouti after having collided with several cranes at an altitude of 300 ft. The aircraft was operating a domestic flight from Tadjoura Airport to Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport. All four people on board survived.
 * On 17 October 1977, two gunmen entered an Air Djibouti de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter at Tadjoura Airport shortly before the aircraft's planned take-off, shooting the pilot and one passenger.
 * On August 17, 1986, a leased Boeing 737-200 (OO-SBQ) was intercepted by two fighter aircraft from the South Yemeni Air Force and forced to land in Aden. There it was ransacked by security forces and one person was arrested. Due to the incident, the Republic of Djibouti broke off diplomatic relations with South Yemen.

title: Air Djibouti


text:
Talk:On Parole

Lucas Fox on drums
I don't understand how Philthy can be the drummer on the "bonus" (Dave Edmunds) tracks. Piecing together the chronology:
 * Sessions start with Dave Edmunds. Fox on drums.
 * Edmunds quits and is replaced by Fritz Fryer. Fox on drums. Fryer rerecords or reproduces the tracks already done with Edmunds.
 * Album almost complete. Phil Taylor replaces Fox and overdubs his drum parts.

Now, why would they get Taylor to overdub the drums on the Dave Edmunds outtakes? Back in 1976 nobody could have dreamed those tracks would one day be used as bonus tracks... Surely they'd have been left as is, with Fox drumming on them? If Taylor didn't have time to drum on "Lost Johnny" why would he drum on the Edmunds outtakes?

Can anyone throw any light on this (with reliable sources, please)? --kingboyk 16:13, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * That would seem to be the logical conclusion to draw given the information supplied. However, a simple listen to these bonus tracks and it's blindingly obvious that the overly busy drumming is the style of Taylor. I'm fairly certain that these aren't alternate takes at all, but more likely rough mixes, there being almost no difference between the versions of "Leaving Here" and "City Kids" (you can even hear the same spoken bit after the first note on both versions). "On Parole" gains over a minute at the end whereas the final mix fades early. The exception is "Motorhead" which is a different take, this being shorn of the disembodied flying drums that blights the final mix - there's a possibility that the drumming on this track is Fox. This is all OR and I doubt any reliable source can be quoted to make any definitive statement. Drwhawkfan (talk) 12:49, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:On parole.jpg
Image:On parole.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 00:46, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Official album
On Parole is a studio album recorded by Motorhead under contract to United Artists for release as their debut album. The fact that UA delayed its release doesn't make it unofficial. People throw this word "official" around in a completely meaningless way, in what way is it unofficial? It was recorded under contract, registered with MCPS and PRS, and the band pushed UA to release it. The band may have been pissed off with UA for not releasing it at the time, and pissed off when it was subsequently released at the height of their popularity, but that does not in anyway diminish the fact that the album is completely legitimate and official. Drwhawkfan (talk) 18:32, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
 * 'Not sanctioned by the band' would be better to say, though their blurbs usually use that word "unofficial".--Alf melmac 06:22, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

I've tried to add some body to the band's dismay at UA refusing to release this album after it was recorded, and then their anger over its belated release. I've added a fact tag to the latter as, although I accept in good faith those who tell me the band disapproved of its release, I've never seen any quotes about this. Perhaps Lemmy's auto-bio may contain something about this, but the sceptical quote about UA's motives that I removed does not amount to a disapproval. Drwhawkfan (talk) 10:31, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Official - I support the fact that this is Motörhead's first album. I keep looking for it at the beginning and it's always the second album, Motörhead from 1977, instead of On Parole. As numerous people on here have been telling me "the opinion of the band or Lemmy means nothing" with regrades to various issues I have with the Motörhead pages in general, so I very strongly believe this is the first album and it in factor of the year, 1975, it really is, and in light of the fact the only dissenting voice is quoting the band, well then it should be shouldn't it. Nuro   msg me  05:43, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:On Parole


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Spermbirds

Spermbirds are a German punk band from Kaiserslautern. Formed in 1982, by the members of the melodic punk rock band Die Walter Elf (including an American G.I. stationed in Germany as vocalist), they created a fast hardcore punk group that gained popularity in Germany and beyond.

Spermbirds’ most successful album was their 1986 debut, Something to Prove, which drew influence from many American hardcore punk bands. The cover features a picture of Cerebus the Aardvark created by Canadian comic book author Dave Sim. Sim made mention of the album in his widely column in Cerebus, saying that although the band had not obtained permission to use his artwork, he would not harass them with legal action.

Spermbirds split up in 1990, but reformed later in 1993 releasing a number of albums and touring up to this date.

Singles

 * Don't Forget the Fun 7" EP split with Die Walter Elf (1985, X-Mist Records)
 * Get on the Stage / My Brother live 7" (1987, We Bite Records) Limited To 500 Copies Only

Studio albums

 * Something to Prove (1986, We Bite Records)
 * Nothing Is Easy (1987, We Bite Records)
 * Common Thread (1990, X-Mist Records)
 * Eating Glass (1992, X-Mist Records)
 * Joe (1992, X-Mist Records)
 * Shit For Sale (1994, G.U.N. Records)
 * Family Values (1995, G.U.N. Records)
 * Set An Example (2004, Common Thread Records)
 * A Columbus Feeling (2010, Rookie Records)
 * Go To Hell Then Turn Left (2019, Rookie Records)

Live albums

 * Thanks (1990, Dead-Eye Records)
 * Get Off the Stage (1996, G.U.N. Records)

Compilation album

 * Coffee, Hair and Real Life (1997)

DVD

 * Spermbirds: Me and My People DVD (2007, Rookie Records)

title: Spermbirds


text:
Category:Airlines of Djibouti

See Also: List of airlines and List of defunct airlines

title: Category:Airlines of Djibouti


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nihat Ozsahin

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 11:15, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Nihat Ozsahin
Vanity substub in broken English. —Korath (Talk) 20:39, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * notable for having only three entries on google (including a wikipedia clone)... which is less than the average for a random string of the same length.. so we need this arti.... delete Mozzerati 22:22, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)
 * Actually I think it is good that people believe they are unique and have good self-esteem. This improves character provided it doesn't go over the top. So I really think WP could use more of this. The world has enough sad people! We should encourage those who feel good about themselves! Er.. as for this article, Delete. Inter 22:51, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable - fails Google test, possible vanity. Megan1967 00:59, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Terrorgruppe

Terrorgruppe is a German punk rock band from Berlin-Kreuzberg founded in February 1993. The band writes lyrics in German, and their music is usually categorized as fun-punk ('punk pathetique' or 'pret-punk'). Their lyrics address social and political themes on occasion; for example in the song "Kinderwahnsinn" they discuss the idea of zero population growth, and in the song "Neulich Nacht" they address the topics of homosexuality and homophobia. Their lyrics are also against right-wing extremism, a common theme for many German punk bands. Terrorgruppe is known for live performances involving on-stage gags and audience participation. They played at the Chaostage in Hannover in 1995, and wrote the song "Wochenendticket" about the experience.

History
The band split up for the first time in 2005 because they disagreed about future artistic directions. They reunited in 2013 after collaborating on the DVD project "Sündige Säuglinge hinter Klostermauern zur Lust verdammt!“, a documentary on the group. In January, 2016 the band released a new album Tiergarten ("Zoo"). As the cover image they used a selfie that a macaque had taken. This album was the first Terrorgruppe album to be listed in the charts in Germany and Austria.

Terrorgruppe's next two albums were also in the charts: the live-album Superblechdose (2017), and the new album Jenseits von Gut und Böse (2020). The group decided this final album would be their last, and they planned to support it with a tour in 2020. Because of the covid pandemic in 2020, this tour was delayed until the end of 2021. In 2021 the on-going tour had to be cancelled after four members of the tour crew tested positive for covid. In 2022, Terrorgruppe did a short tour with six concerts. Shortly before this tour began, bass player Zip Schlitzer died. The band's final concert took place on July 21, 2022 in Huxleys Neuer Welt in Berlin.

Studio albums

 * 1) Musik für Arschlöcher CD (1995, Gringo/Metronome) LP (Teenage Rebell)
 * 2) Melodien für Milliarden CD (1996, Gringo) LP (Teenage Rebell)
 * 3) 15 Punkcerialien LP (1997, Gringo/Alternation)
 * 4) Keiner hilft euch LP (1998, Gringo Records)
 * 5) Über Amerika CD (1999, Byo (Cargo Records))
 * 6) 1 World 0 Future (2000, Epitaph Records)
 * 7) Fundamental (2003, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 8) Rust in Pieces (2006, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 9) Tiergarten (2016, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 10) Jenseits von Gut und Böse (2020, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 11) 1 World 0 Future  (2023, Epitaph Records) re-release with 11 bonus tracks

Singles and EPs

 * 1) "Dem deutschen Volke" (7-inch / 1993)
 * 2) "Arbeit" (7-inch / 1994) (Work)
 * 3) "Fickparty 2000 zur Lust verdammt" (7-inch / 1994)
 * 4) "Die Gesellschaft ist Schuld" (split 7-inch / 1994)
 * 5) "Keine Airbags für die CSU!" (MCD / 1995)
 * 6) "Kinderwahnsinn"(MCD / 1995)
 * 7) "Kreuzberg zuerst" (MCD / 1995)
 * 8) "Der Rhein ist tot" (MCD / 1996)
 * 9) "Wochenendticket" (MCD / 1996)
 * 10) "Rockgiganten vs. Strassenköter" (split single / 1996)
 * 11) Musik für Leute wo gern trinken Pipi EP (1996, Teenage Rebell)
 * 12) "Sretni smo mi svi .. EP" (Split-7″ mit Mars Moles / 1997)
 * 13) "Mein Skateboard ist wichtiger als Deutschland" (MCD / 1997)
 * 14) "Wir müssen raus" (MCD / 1997)
 * 15) "Neulich Nacht" (MCD / 1998)
 * 16) "Mommy-EP" (MCD / 1999)
 * 17) Allein gegen Alle 7-inch (2000, Epitaph Records)
 * 18) "Stay Away from the Good Guys" (MCD, 7-inch / 2000)
 * 19) "Tresenlied" (MCD / 2001)
 * 20) "Dee Dee Ramone / Terrorgruppe" (split single, 10-inch/MCD / 2002)
 * 21) "Angela" (MCD / 2003)
 * 22) "Fischertechnik" (SCD / 2004)
 * 23) "Bananenrepubklik" (7-inch / 2004)
 * 24) Inzest im Familiengrab EP (2014, Destiny/Aggropop)

Live albums

 * 1) Terrorgruppe Live (1994)
 * 2) Blechdose (2002, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 3) Superblechdose (2017, Destiny/Aggropop)
 * 4) Erbrochenes (Rares & Reste 1993 - 2020) (2022, Aggropop)

Compilations and Samplers (selected)

 * 1) Schlachtrufe BRD III (Snake Records, 1994)
 * 2)  Schlachtrufe BRD IV (Snake Records, 1995)
 * 3) Deutschpunk - Kampflieder II (Aggressive Rockproduktionen, 1998)
 * 4) Punk Rock BRD Volume 1 (Weird System, 2003)
 * 5) Schlachtrufe BRD VII (Nix Gut Records, 2004)
 * 6) Punk Rock BRD Volume 2 (Weird System, 2004)
 * 7) Nonstop Aggropop 1977–97 (Gringo Records, 2004)
 * 8) Schöne Scheisse (Destiny/Aggropop, 2004)
 * 9)  Nachtisch – Halbstark in Kreuzberg 1993–2006 (Destiny, 2013)
 * 10) Dem Deutschen Volke – Singles 1993–1994 (Plastic Bomb Records, 2013)
 * 11) Aggropunk Volume 1+2+3 (Aggressive Punk Produktionen, 2014)
 * 12) Aggropunk Volume 4 - Harte Zeiten (Aggressive Punk Produktionen, 2019)

title: Terrorgruppe


text:
Pause

Pause may refer to

Technology

 * Stop playing audio or video, with the possibility to continue (in the case of video: with a still image)
 * The Pause key or symbol
 * Found on media players (software, digital, portable), remote controls, cassette decks, VCRs and optical disc players (CD, DVD, Blu-ray)

Computing

 * Pause key, the Pause/Break key on computer keyboards
 * pause, a DOS command
 * The Perl Authors Upload Server (PAUSE), an interface for uploading Perl modules to the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network

Video games

 * Pause (video gaming), the option to temporarily suspend play of a video game (first seen in Yar's Revenge 1982)

Film and television

 * Pause (2014 film), a 2014 Swiss film
 * Pause (2018 film), a Cypriot film
 * "Pause" (The Boondocks), a 2010 episode from the third season of The Boondocks

Music

 * Rest (music), a musical pause
 * Fermata, a musical pause of indefinite duration
 * Pause (band), a Thai rock band
 * Pause (musician), American musician and rap artist
 * Pause (Four Tet album), 2001
 * Pause (P-Model album), 1994
 * "Pause" (Run–D.M.C. song), 1990
 * "Pause" (Jay Dee song), 2001
 * "Pause" (Pitbull song), 2011
 * "(Pause)", a 2023 song by the Lottery Winners from Anxiety Replacement Therapy

Other uses

 * Pause (slang), in hip hop culture, a synonym of "no homo"
 * Pause, in linguistics, is a form of interruption to articulatory continuity
 * Pausa, in linguistics, is a hiatus between prosodic units

title: Pause


text:
Talk:Sgian-dubh

Plural
Anyone got any idea what the plural of sgian dubh might be? -- Gantlord

 * Yeah. "Sgian dubhs". :) Adraeus 01:29, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * In English, sure. But I think Gantlord is interested in it as a Gaelic word.  The plural is sgianan, 'knives'.--Doric Loon 15:33, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * What is meant by "Gaelic"? Is that Irish Gaelic or Scots-Gaelic? They're two separate languages, for heaven's sake! Chainedwind 22:52, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Given that the article is about Scottish Highland dress, and that the mention of Gaelic is linked to "Scottish Gaelic", I think it's pretty obvious which language is meant. Flapdragon 23:09, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

 * sgianan dubha 2601:C6:C004:141A:4490:DC73:DF3B:1BB0 (talk) 14:55, 1 September 2016 (UTC)

Usually when English borrows words, it streamlines their plurals (in the case of nouns), hence people don't use the Inuit plural for parkas or use bratwurst > bratwürste. It would be *nice* if English speakers had this level of knowledge of Gaelic plurals but they don't. Akerbeltz (talk) 23:08, 5 May 2013 (UTC)

 * It makes sense to pluralise it as sgians-dubh rather than sgian-dubhs. We say fleurs-de-lis, not not fleur-de-lises. 46.7.236.155 (talk) 14:53, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

 * That's French. A search for "sgians-dubh" gives me 1860 ghits, "sgian-dubhs" 92,300 so at best, sgians deserves a mention but it is NOT predominant usage. Akerbeltz (talk) 15:44, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

 * You argued that we shouldn't use sgianan dubha as it wasn't the English form for plurals. In English nouns are pluralised, adjectives aren't e.g. court martial -> courts martial, secretary general -> secretaries general. 46.7.236.155 (talk) 17:09, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Yes but this items is not borrowed as a noun + adjective, English speakers have no clue as to the literal meaning of each item, it's just borrowed as a single item (noun). Like cairngorms, (and not cùirn ghorma or cairns gorm) or claymores (not clays more). Akerbeltz (talk) 21:37, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

"doov"
I'd like to take a straw poll on that last change by an anonymous user. How many of us pronounce the bh of dubh as a v? Obviously that is the original Gaelic pronunciation of an aspirated b, but Gaelic spelling is very antiquated, and I personally wouldn't pronounce dubh that way in modern Gaelic. But anyway, it is the pronunciation in English which counts here, and I don't think I've ever heard it that way. Comments? --Doric Loon 21:18, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I say "skee-in Doo" or "sken-du" depending on my mood. No "B's" or "V's" at the end. Drhaggis 01:50, 3 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I say "skee-in Doo", like Drhaggis, but I usually close my lips at the end of "Doo", as if I were going to pronouce a "B" but then change my mind. This cuts off the "oo" sound and keeps it from turning into "skee-in Doooo". JHCC 18:00, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Englishman's blood
Someone told me he had been told in Scotland that there's an tradition about the Sgian Dubh saying if you once take it out of the stocking you're only allowed to put it back if there's blood of an Englishman on it. Is that true? I know it cannot be practic<ed, but is something like that told in Scotland?--Hun2 11:04, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

This is a standard macho myth associated with many kinds of knives. I've heard variations of this story about the Sgian Dubh, but no such tradition exists that I can verify. -Dr Haggis - Talk 23:14, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

When I take mine out, it's usually to trench the gushing entrails of a haggis at the end of January. The story of the blood is also said about the swords of the British Burmese regiments. Commonplace motif. --Doric Loon 02:48, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

 * To be honest that is not the job for a sgian-dubh; but rather that of a DIRK. Think of it as a sgian-dubh on steroids. Bagpipehero (talk) 22:57, 13 August 2023 (UTC)

Thinking practically given that scotland was at war with England comparitively rarely (despite popular perception) and the Sgian Dubh was worn constantly it would be rather rare to put one back in your sock. 82.41.31.24 (talk) 15:07, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

Thanks to scots
I'm a catalan interested in your culture and knives, owner of a black knife bought my last visit to Scotland (second hand in a market). I'm going to use this info to enlighten a friend, half scottish, about his origins. Thanks for your info about Sgian Dubh!

Capitalisation
Why is Dubh capitalised in this article? --Doric Loon 12:27, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It may not be a proper name, but it is commonly capitalized. LHOON 14:42, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Is that actually the case? I'm sure it is sometimes capitalized, but I have mostly seen it uncapitalized, as are most of the occurrences of the word in this article. Lesgles (talk) 00:35, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

Utility, ceremonial or weapon?
From the article: "is a ceremonial dagger" ... "was originally a utility item" ... "any concealed weapons would be revealed". These statements seem to be contradictory, or at least amiguous. The overall tone of the article seems to suggest it's a utility item, but the opening sentence confuses that. Suggest clarification, and the removal of the word "ceremonial" if appropriate. Andrew Lenahan -  St ar bli nd  13:21, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

Possible alternative origin
I remeber when I was younger being told that the Sgian Dubh was called the black knife because after a battle fatally wounded soldiers would have their throats cut with them as a mercy killing, rather then having them die slowly and painfully on the battlefield. Hence the name the black knife. I was told this when I was in Junior school by a group of historical re-enactors of some sort who were telling us about traditional highland battle equipment and dress at the time of the Jacobite rebelion.

Is this true and if so does anyone know a more reliable source citing it. It seems credible to me but may just be a urban myth grown up in recent times as an explanation. 82.41.31.24 (talk) 15:05, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

Sorry but this is not true, a sgian dubh was knife first used as a hidden weapon when scots were banned the holding of weapons, it would be hidden in the arm pit, when in the house of a host you would put your sgian dubh in your sock to show you had no hidden intentions of harming them. When this became a tradition and the lords starting wearing them in the sock it the lords would have them in very high quality, a black wood, also known as the dress sgin dubh, after the lords began to wear them in the black wood it became fashion and so a name was thought for them "sgian dubh". Hope this has helped, they were used for mecy killings i think but this is not where the name came from, my eason has great factual basing and you can tell this when you look at a dress sgian dubh, it is black so makes sense. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.42.157.101 (talk) 21:56, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

"Dagger"??
Why is the sgian dubh referred to as a "dagger" throughout the article? Sgian simply means knife. Biodag would be a better gaelic term for dagger, and is the word used to refer to the Scottish dirk. The sgian dubh doesn't fit the description of a dagger. I think the article would be better if references to daggers were replaced with references to knives.--Mathandubh (talk) 11:50, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Quite right, a knife is a single bladed article, whereas a knife has a double edged blade. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.42.157.101 (talk) 21:35, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * As there seems to be no disagreement (and as the use of "knife" here is more consistent with the relevant WP articles and American Heritage 4 entries), I'll make the change. Elmo iscariot (talk) 14:37, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

The Painting
The author mentions that in the Raeburn painting you can see the sgian dhu on the gentlemans belt. This is a dirk and not a small knife. A dirk consists of a large knife held in a scabard with both a smaller knife and a fork. A sgian dhu is a small single blade worn in the sock and not on the belt. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.254.147.20 (talk) 16:31, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

Look at his sock then - there is clearly a set of two knives there, somewhat similar to what that in the former NMAS, though whether either can be described as a Sgian Dubh is another matter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.195.244.20 (talk) 09:24, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

Origins
Before you read this, i would like to correct the previous author. The sgian dubh, was the highlanders utility knife, if you were a fisherman the 'top' of the knife would have something to scale fish, likewise hunters would have omething to skin game. Finavon (talk) 22:08, 2 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Unsigned edit from page:

Page name
May I propose moving the page to Sgian-dubh? The un-hyphenated spelling is wrong on several levels and the hyphenated version is equally common in English, checking through various dictionaries. Sgian dubh is "wrong" because according to the rules of Gaelic orthography, that demands two main stresses, which the word doesn't have, it's a fused compound with a single stress on -dubh; without the hyphen it's just malformed Gaelic for "any black knife" but not a skean-dhu. Akerbeltz (talk) 20:11, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

Australia
I doubt that in "Australia it is illegal to carry a blade of any size on or about the person without a cause of which must also be on the person". Firstly the carrying of a blade is not illegal, secondly "without a cause of which must also be on the person" is meaningless gibberish.Royalcourtier (talk) 19:47, 16 June 2014 (UTC)
 * True. I've deleted that. Royalcourtier, you should not be shy about removing nonsense if you find it. If there is some truth behind this statement, somebody who knows about it will have to reformulate it in comprehensible English and provide a reference. --Doric Loon (talk) 22:56, 17 June 2014 (UTC)

Issues with "Construction" section.
Being a Brit, this paragraph;

Since the modern sgian-dubh is worn mainly as a ceremonial item of dress and is usually not employed for cutting food or self-defence, blades are often of a simple (but not unglamorous) construction. These are typically made from stainless steel. The hilts used on many modern sgian-dubhs are made of plastic that has been molded to resemble carved wood and fitted with cast metal mounts and synthetic decorative stones. Some are not even knives at all, but a plastic handle and sheath cast as one piece.

strikes me as incredibly incorrect. This seems like a, dare I say it, American POV. Scotsmen who make the effort tend to MAKE THE EFFORT in my experience, and properly made sgians are readily available in Scotland.

Considering these bold claims are also unsourced, I move they be removed.

Or at least, I will reword it to something more nuanced; "There are cheaper ones available, such as x, y, z, etc."

78.149.209.252 (talk) 13:23, 7 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes, go ahead. --Doric Loon (talk) 21:04, 7 April 2017 (UTC)

Legality section: "CAD 221"
In the "Legality" section, the term "CAD 221 ticket" links only to the Canadian dollar (CAD), which I think is not intended ! Please would someone knowledgeable correct this ? Darkman101 (talk) 04:25, 21 January 2019 (UTC)

 * If you read the story, that's exactly what it means, he was fined CA$221. Which is a bizarre number but he ho ;) Akerbeltz (talk) 10:16, 21 January 2019 (UTC)
 * With the taxes and service charges, that’s exactly what it was. ;) Bagpipehero (talk) 22:41, 13 August 2023 (UTC)

Hidden?
Can anybody find a source for the claim that the original meaning was "hidden knife" rather than "black knife"? While that does make some kind of sense, these knives today are indeed black and very much not hidden, so a source is necessary. My main concern is that looking in the dictionaries, I find "hidden" as a secondary meaning of dubh only when it is prefixed to another noun; in Faclair Beag, this meaning is given for dubh-, but not for dubh. Doric Loon (talk) 13:58, 1 January 2024 (UTC)

 * There's clàr-dubh, hidden agenda and Gaelic is fairly flexible when it comes to placing certain adjectives before or after the noun. I'll have a shufty but in any case, the black handle thing is very much a modern thing, historic examples are hafted in a wide variety of colours and materials ranging from bone and ivory to wood and by no means are all of them stained black. It's conjecture but the black thing may well be an Anglophone interpretation of dubh as a colour, rather than the Gaelic semantics of the term. Akerbeltz (talk)

 * @Akerbeltz Aye, I was coming round to suspecting that myself, but it's still a wee bit wobbly. Some of the details (including details that I deleted from the article) sound so much like folklore that I'd like to see a reputable historian cited. Doric Loon (talk) 16:35, 2 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sgian-dubh


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Challenges facing email

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 14:53, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Challenges facing email
This isn't an encyclopedia article; it's kind of an essay or outline, flush with opinion, conversational tone (addressing the reader as "you"), and how-to or advice.

What facts it does present are redundant with encyclopedia articles such as Electronic mail, E-mail spam, and DNSBL. These facts are better presented in those articles, so further merging is not necessary.

This article is also only linked (as a "related topic") from one article -- E-mail spam, mentioned above. --FOo 20:44, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete, This has a strong essay/original research whiff to it. Inter 22:45, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: essay, original research. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:30, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Democrazy

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title: Talk:Democrazy


text:
New Museum

The New Museum of Contemporary Art is a museum at 235 Bowery, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was founded in 1977 by Marcia Tucker.

History
The museum originally opened in a space in the Graduate Center of the then-named New School for Social Research at 65 Fifth Avenue. The New Museum remained there until 1983, when it rented and moved to the first two and a half floors of the Astor Building at 583 Broadway in the SoHo neighborhood.

In 1999, Marcia Tucker was succeeded as director by Lisa Phillips, previously the curator of contemporary art at the Whitney Museum of American Art. In 2001 the museum rented 7,000 square feet of space on the first floor of the Chelsea Art Museum on West 22nd Street for a year.

Over the past five years, the New Museum has exhibited artists from Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cameroon, China, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Germany, India, Poland, Spain, South Africa, Turkey, and the United Kingdom among many other countries. In 2003, the New Museum formed an affiliation with Rhizome, a leading online platform for global new media art.

In 2005, the museum was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation, which was made possible through a donation by New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.

Core value
The New Museum was established by an independent curator Marcia Tucker in 1977. It is dedicated to introducing new art and new ideas, by artists who have not yet received significant exposure or recognition. Ever since it was founded, the museum has taken on the mission to challenge the stiff institutionalization of an art museum. It continues to bring new ideas into the art world and to connect with the public.

New location (2007 to present)
On December 1, 2007, the New Museum opened the doors to its new $50 million location at 235 Bowery, between Stanton and Rivington Streets. The seven-story 58,700-square-foot facility, designed by the Tokyo-based firm Sejima + Nishizawa/SANAA and the New York-based firm Gensler, has greatly expanded the museum's exhibitions and space.

SANAA's design is chosen because it is in accord with the museum's mission—the flexibility of the building, its changeable atmosphere corresponds to the ever-changing nature of contemporary art. Its bold decision to put a stack of white boxes in the Bowery neighborhood and its success to achieve a harmonious symbiotic relationship between the two manifest the coexistence of different dynamic energy of contemporary culture.

In April 2008, the museum's new building was named one of the architectural New Seven Wonders of the World by Conde Nast Traveler. The New Museum has been and will continue to be a crucial landmark of the Bowery district. “Bowery embraces idiosyncrasy in an unprejudiced manner and we were determined to make the museum building feel like that”, as one of the directors of the museum puts it. The neighborhood appears to be a fearless confrontation with the convention image of downtown Manhattan—an adventurous spirit that the New Museum always sees itself searching for.

The Bowery location has gallery and events space, plus a Resource Center with books and computers for access to their main web site and digital archive. The New Museum Digital Archive is an online resource that provides accessibility to primary sources from exhibitions, publications, and programs. The archive holds 7,500 written and visual materials for artists and researchers to access. The New Museum Digital Archive's database is searchable through 4,000 artists, curators, and organizations connected to New Museum exhibitions, performances, and publications.

The museum bought the neighboring building at 231 Bowery in 2008 and hired OMA to design a new annex at that location in 2017. Shohei Shigematsu of OMA publicized plans for the annex in 2019; at the time, the annex was to cost $63 million. The proposed annex would have seven floors (at the same heights as the 2007 building's floors), a glass facade, and 60000 ft2 of gallery space. The annex was to be named for Toby Devan Lewis, who donated $20 million for its construction. Initially, the annex was to be completed in 2022, but construction did not even start until then. The museum building closed in March 2024 so the annex could be completed; it was expected to reopen in 2025.

Unionization
On January 24, 2019, eligible employees at the New Museum voted 38–8 to unionize, with a plan to join NewMuU-UAW Local 2110. Asked for their reasons for unionizing, the New Museum employees said, “As the New Museum Union, we ask, above all, that these ideals be mirrored in the museum's working conditions, hiring practices, wages, and benefits. We believe that fair compensation and transparency for all workers throughout the museum is essential to ensuring its diversity, reducing turnover, and strengthening the New Museum community: salaries, wages, and benefits at the museum must be sustainable for everyone, regardless of the privileges afforded them by race, class, or gender.”

Collection
When she founded the museum, Marcia Tucker decided it should buy and sell works every 10 years so that the collection would always be new. It was an innovative plan that was never carried out. In 2000, the museum accepted its first corporate donation of artworks. The museum then held a modest collection of about 1,000 works in many media. In 2004, it joined forces with the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago and the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles in raising $110,000 from two foundations -- $50,000 from the American Center Foundation and $60,000 from the Peter Norton Family Foundation—to help pay for commissioning, buying, and exhibiting the work of emerging young artists. As of 2021, the New Museum has been a non-collecting institution.

Exhibitions and the Triennial
The museum presents the work of under-recognized artists, mounting surveys of Ana Mendieta, William Kentridge, David Wojnarowicz, Paul McCarthy and Andrea Zittel before they received widespread public recognition. In 2003, the New Museum presented the highly regarded exhibition Black President: The Art and Legacy of Fela Anikulapo-Kuti.

The museum organized The Generational: Younger Than Jesus, curated by Massimiliano Gioni, in 2009 which went on to become the first edition of its exhibition series the "New Museum Triennial". Subsequently, the museum held the second and third editions of its Triennial, respectively; "The Ungovernables" (2012 – curated by Eungie Joo) and "Surround Audience" (2015 – curated by Lauren Cornell and Ryan Trecartin).

Margot Norton has organized exhibitions, including one by Turner Prize-winner Laure Prouvost and the museum solo of Judith Bernstein.

The museum hosted a show on July 20, 2016, called "The Keeper". With over 4,000 objects from more than two dozen collectors, it presented object lessons about the process of collecting.

In March 2023, it was announced that Vivian Crockett and Isabella Rjeille will co-curate the 6th edition of the New Museum Triennial in 2026.

Past exhibitions

 * Hans Haacke: All Connected (October 24, 2019 to January 26, 2020)
 * Marianna Simnett: Blood In My Milk (April 9, 2018 to June 1, 2019)
 * Petrit Halilaj: RU (September 27, 2017 to January 7, 2018)
 * Raymond Pettibon: A Pen of All Work (??? to April 9, 2017)
 * Pipilotti Rist: Pixel Forest (October 26, 2016 to January 15, 2017)
 * My Barbarian: The Audience is Always Right (September 28, 2016 to January 8, 2017)
 * Surround Audience triennial (February 25, 2015 to May 24, 2015)
 * Niv Acosta: Discotropic (February 25, 2015 to May 24, 2015)
 * Night and Day: Chris Ofili (October 29, 2014 to February 1, 2015)
 * Christen Clifford: Wolf Woman performance (2014)
 * Lili Reynaud-Dewar: LIVE THROUGH THAT?! (October 15, 2014 to January 25, 2015)
 * Here and Elsewhere (July 16, 2014 to September 28, 2014)
 * Pawel Althamer: The Neighbors (February 12, 2014 to April 13, 2014)
 * Laure Prouvost: For Forgetting (February 12, 2014 to April 13, 2014)
 * Report on the Construction of a Spaceship Module (January 22, 2014 to April 13, 2014)
 * Occupied Territory: A New Museum Trilogy (January 22, 2014 to April 13, 2014)
 * Chris Burden: Extreme Measures (October 2, 2013 to January 12, 2014)
 * Ghosts in the Machine (July 18, 2012 to September 30, 2012)
 * The Ungovernables triennial (February 15, 2012 to April 22, 2012)
 * Carsten Höller: Experience (October 26, 2011 to January 22, 2012)
 * Ostalgia (July 7, 2011 to September 2, 2011)
 * Rivane Neuenschwander: A Day Like Any Other (June 23, 2010 to September 19, 2010)
 * Younger than Jesus triennial (April 8, 2009 to July 12, 2009)
 * Live Forever: Elizabeth Peyton (October 8, 2008 to January 11, 2009)
 * Unmonumental: The Object in the 21st Century (December 1, 2007 to March 30, 2008)

Other programs
Rhizome, a not-for-profit arts organization that supports and provides a platform for new media art, has been an affiliate organization of New Museum since 2003. Today, Rhizome's programs include events, exhibitions at the New Museum and elsewhere, an active website, and an archive of more than 2,000 new media artworks.

In 2008, art dealer Barbara Gladstone initiated the formation of the Stuart Regen Visionaries Fund at the New Museum, established in honor of her late son and renowned art dealer. The gift supported a new series of public lectures and presentations by cultural visionaries, the Visionaries Series, which debuted in 2009 and features prominent international thinkers in the fields of art, architecture, design and contemporary culture. In 2020 the series shifted to focus on first-ever public conversations between leading figures, with Claudia Rankine and Judith Butler (2020) and Jeremy O Harris and Arthur Jafa (2021). Previous speakers included author Rachel Kushner (2018, in conversation with novelist Ben Lerner); explorer Erling Kagge (2017); essayist and critic Fran Lebowitz (2016, in conversation with filmmaker Martin Scorsese); critic and author Hilton Als (2015); director, screenwriter, and producer Darren Aronofsky (2014, in conversation with novelist and critic Lynne Tillman); writer, director, and producer Matthew Weiner (2013, in conversation with writer A.M. Homes); artist and architect Maya Lin (2012); chef, author, and activist Alice Waters (2011); founder of Wikipedia Jimmy Wales (2010); and choreographer Bill T. Jones (2009), whose talk inaugurated this program.

NEW INC, the first museum-led incubator, is a shared workspace and professional development program designed to support creative practitioners working in the areas of art, technology, and design. Conceived by the New Museum in 2013, the incubator is a not-for-profit platform that furthers the museum's ongoing commitment to new art and new ideas. Launched in summer 2014, NEW INC provided a collaborative space for an interdisciplinary community of one hundred members to investigate new ideas and develop a sustainable practice. NEW INC full-time members include Erica Gorochow, Anders Sandell, Lisa Park, Kevin Siwoff, Kunal Gupta, Justin Cone, Jonathan Harris, Joe Doucet, Greg Hochmuth, Luisa Pereira, Nitzan Hermon, Tristan Perich, Sougwen Chung, Philip Sierzega, Paul Soulellis, Charlie Whitney, Binta Ayofemi, Ashley Zelinskie and Emilie Baltz.

In 2021, the New Museum launched the biennial Hostetler/Wrigley Sculpture Award to commission five women artists to create sculptures. Each winning project is allotted $400,000 for its production and installation.

IdeasCity was a nine-year New Museum platform to explore art and culture beyond the walls of the museum. Founded in 2011 by Lisa Phillips and Karen Wong, IdeasCity was a collaborative initiative between hundreds of arts, design, education, and community organizations that consists of two distinct components: the biennial IdeasCity Festival in New York City, and IdeasCity Global Programs in key urban centers around the world, including Athens, Detroit, Istanbul, New Orleans, São Paulo, Shanghai, and Toronto. IdeasCity curators included Richard Flood, Joseph Grima, V. Mitch McEwen, and Vere Van Gool. The IdeasCity program concluded in 2020.

Funding
In 2002, the New Museum sold its previous home in SoHo for $18 million. It subsequently bought the new Bowery site for $5 million. In order to cover the building and endowment, it raised an estimated $64 million.

Board of trustees
Since taking office, director Lisa Phillips expanded board membership to 42 from 18. As of 2015, it includes collectors Maja Hoffmann, Dakis Joannou, and Eugenio López Alonso, among others.

title: New Museum


text:
List of women's association football clubs in England

This is a list of football clubs that compete within the leagues and Div.s of the English Women's Football League system as far down as the County Leagues at Levels 7-8.

List of Leagues and Divisions

 * Women's Super League (Level 1)
 * Women's Championship (Level 2)
 * National League - Premier Division North & South (Level 3), Division One Midlands, North, South East & South West (Level 4)

Below these are the Regional Leagues:
 * East Midlands Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One Central, North & South (Level 6)
 * Eastern Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)
 * London & S.East Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)
 * North East Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)
 * North West Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)
 * South West Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One East, North & West (Level 6)
 * Southern Region League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)
 * West Midlands Regional League - Premier Division (Level 5), Division One North & South (Level 6)

Below these are the County Leagues:
 * Beds & Herts County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8) - there is also Division Two at Level 9.
 * Birmingham County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8)
 * Cambridgeshire County League - Premiership (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there is also Division Three at Level 9.
 * Cheshire County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Championship (Level 8)
 * Cornwall County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * Derbyshire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two North/South (Level 8)
 * Devon County League - Premier (Level 7), North/East & South/West Divisions (Level 8)
 * Dorset County League - Women's Division (Level 7)
 * Durham County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there is also Development Division at Level 9.
 * East Riding County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * Essex County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8) - there are also Divisions Two & Three at Levels 9-10.
 * Gloucestershire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there is also Division Three at Level 9.
 * Greater London County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One North & South (Level 8) - there are also Division Two North & South/Central at Level 9.
 * Greater Manchester County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8) - there is also Division Two at Level 9.
 * Hampshire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there are also Divisions Three, Four, Five & Six at Levels 9-12.
 * Lancashire County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Championship (Level 8) - there are also Division One North/West & South/East at Level 9
 * Leicestershire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * Lincolnshire County League - North & South Divisions (Level 7)
 * Liverpool County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there is also Division Three at Level 9.
 * Midwest Counties League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * Norfolk County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * North Riding League - Women's Division (Level 7)
 * Northamptonshire County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8)
 * Northumberland County League - Premiership (Level 7), Division One (Level 8)
 * Nottinghamshire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8)
 * Sheffield & Hallamshire County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there is also Division Three at Level 9.
 * Somerset County League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two North & South (Level 8)
 * South East Counties League - Premier Division (Level 7), Surrey Premier Division, Kent Division One East & West (Level 8) - there are also Surrey Division One and Kent Division Two East & West at Level 9.
 * Staffordshire County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8)
 * Suffolk County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Championship (Level 8)
 * Sussex County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8)
 * Thames Valley Counties League - Division One (Level 7), Division Two (Level 8) - there are also Division Three North, South & West at Level 9.
 * West Riding County League - Premier Division (Level 7), Division One (Level 8) - there are also Divisions Two, Three & Four at Levels 9-11.
 * Wiltshire County League - Premier (Level 7)

Alphabetical list of Clubs
The divisions are correct for the 2023-24 season.