text:
Hiva Oa

With its 320 km2, Hiva Oa is the second largest island in the Marquesas Islands, in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. Located at 9 45' south latitude and 139 W longitude, it is the largest island of the southern Marquesas group. Around 2,200 people reside on the island. A volcano, Temetiu, is Hiva Oa's highest point with 1,200 m.

Colonial period
The first recorded sighting of Hiva Oa by the Europeans was by the Spanish expedition of Álvaro de Mendaña on 21 July 1595. They charted it as Dominica. The island was briefly occupied by german forces under the command of Admiral Von Spee in October 1914.

Overview
Administratively, Hiva Oa is part of the commune (municipality) of Hiva-Oa, itself in the administrative subdivision of the Marquesas Islands. Atuona, on the coast of Hiva Oa island, is the administrative centre of the commune. Atuona was formerly the seat of government for all of the Marquesas Islands, but it has been replaced by Taioha'e on Nuku Hiva island.

The island is famous as the final home of French painter Paul Gauguin and Belgian singer Jacques Brel, both of whom are buried in Calvary Cemetery, overlooking Atuona. It is also home to the largest tiki sculptures in French Polynesia.

In late pre-European times, the island was nearly evenly divided into two provinces—Nuku in the west, and Pepane in the east.

Geography
Hiva Oa is the largest and most fertile of the southern Marquesas islands and second only to Nuku Hiva in size. Similar to all the larger Marquesas, Hiva Oa features steep cliffs abruptly rising from the ocean to a rugged interior spine of volcanic mountains, ridges, and deep, isolated valleys. Unlike most other Polynesian islands near the equator, no fringing coral reefs protect Hiva Oa from the pounding of the ocean and only a few sheltered anchorages and sandy beaches are scattered around the coast. Travel along the shoreline is by boat as most of the coastal terrain is too rugged for roads. A few dirt roads traverse the interior and link seacoast villages and settlements. Atuona Airport is located at an elevation of 1,481 ft on a plateau near the center of the island and has an asphalt-surfaced runway 3,986 ft long with daily flights to other Marquesas islands and Tahiti.

The outstanding geologic characteristic of Hiva Oa is the collapsed volcano Temetiu. Semi-circular Ta'a Oa bay, also called the Bay of Traitors, is in the crater of the volcano whose walls rise sharply 1,000 m above the bay. Within Ta'a Oa are Atuona Bay and adjacent Taha Uku which are the best anchorages on the island.

Hiva Oa is separated from the nearby island of Tahuata to its south by a 2.5 mi wide channel called Ha'ava or the Canal de Bordelais.

Climate
Temperatures in the Marquesas are stable year round, but precipitation is highly variable. Precipitation is much greater on the north and east (windward) parts of the islands and much less on the western (leeward) parts. Droughts, sometimes lasting several years, are frequent and seem to be associated with the El Niño phenomena. The highest annual rainfall recorded in Atuona is 148.2 in; the lowest is 22 in.

Geology
The island is of volcanic origin. Geologically, Hiva Oa belongs to the Marquesas Linear Volcanic Chain, which formed from a hot spot on the Pacific Plate and is moving west-northwest at a rate of 103 to 118 mm. per year. The magmatic rocks on the island are between 1.63 and 4.26 million years old, but volcanic activity has not yet been completely extinguished. Not far from the road from Atuona to Ta'aoa, further west, some mud pots and small solfataras can be seen.

Flora
Like Nuku Hiva, Hiva Oa, as the second largest island in the archipelago, has a relatively high biodiversity for the South Pacific islands. A total of 205 native plants - 24 of them endemic - and 178 exotic species have been identified. Among the richest and most widespread native species on the island are ferns with a high number of endemic species. They cover large areas of the inaccessible, humid and shady incises of the valley. Among the idiocorophytes (ancient autochthonous species) are probably the coconut palm and the screw tree, which are widespread in the lowlands.

Anthropochorophytes, such as breadfruit trees and Tahitian chestnut (Inocarpus edulis), already introduced by Polynesian settlers, predominate in the lowland and midland regions. A threat to native plant communities could be bamboo, which is not native to the island and has already formed extensive groves in some places.

In the higher, more inaccessible areas of the island, the natural habitats remain almost unchanged. The north, shaded from wind and rain by the mountains, is largely arid.

Fauna
The fauna of the Marquesas Islands is limited to land and sea birds, insects, reptiles, butterflies and spiders. The Marquesas warbler (Acrocephalus mendanae mendanae) is endemic to Hiva Oa and the neighboring island of Tahuata. There are no animals that are dangerous to humans. The nono fly, a type of black fly which occurs in the interior, is extremely unpleasant.

Population
In 2012, the population of Hiva Oa was 2,190, of which 1,845 lived in the commune of Atuona and 345 in the village of Puama'u. The inhabitants speak the southern Marquesan language, related to other Polynesian languages, and French.

Religion
The population is primarily Christian, due to Catholic missionaries. The Catholic Church controls six religious buildings on the island, including the Church of the Immaculate Conception (Église de l'Immaculée Conception) in Atuona; the Church of Saint Anne (Église de Sainte-Anne) in Hanaiapa; the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes (Église de Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes) in Hanapa'aoa; the Church of Saint Joseph (Église de Saint-Joseph) in Nahoe; the Church of the Sacred Heart (Église du Sacré-Cœur) in Puamau; and the Church of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart (Église de Notre-Dame du Sacré-Cœur) in Ta'aoaoa.

According to local myth, the gods created the Marquesas as their home. Therefore, all the islands have names related to the construction of a house: Hiva Oa means long ridge.

Economy
Subsistence agriculture, a combination of fishing, pig and chicken farming, and the cultivation of staple crops such as breadfruit, coconut, yam, taro, sweet potatoes and bananas, remains the basis of the island's economy. Part of the copra is grown for export. Tourism has so far existed only to a small extent, but is economically important, as otherwise there are few jobs on the island. The currency is the CFP franc, which is pegged to the euro.

Infrastructure
The settlements are only partially connected by paved roads. As the existing ones are also steep and winding, the preferred means of transport between the villages is still by boat. The west and the mountainous interior of the island are largely undeveloped.

The airfield, with a 1,250 m paved runway (ICAO code: NTMN, IATA code: HIX), is located on the Tepuna plateau, northeast of Atuona, and is connected to the village by a winding road.

Atuona has a fairly modern infrastructure, with a hospital, a medical and dental office, a post office (with satellite phone), a bank (with ATM), a national Gendarmerie station, a courthouse, schools with preschool (école maternelle et primaire) and a high school (Collège Sainte Anne), as well as a Catholic church and a Protestant church. For tourist needs, there is a hotel and small private pensions, as well as restaurants and bars.

Larger cruise ships can also enter Atuona Bay. However, they are usually anchored and passengers are disembarked. Regular supply ships to/from Tahiti dock at the harbor pier.

Places of interest
The village of Puamau is 45 km from Atuona (a two and a half hour drive up a steep and winding road). On the outskirts of the village is a large ceremonial platform, said to be the burial place of Queen Vahine Titoiani. There are large stone tikis carved on two corners of the platform. In the Puamau valley, about two kilometers from the coast, is Ipona (formerly: Oipona), the largest and most important historical site in the Marquesas. The valley once belonged to the influential Naiki tribe, which also controlled the Atuona region. After the Naiki captured and consumed the chief of the neighboring tribe, Tio'o, the clans of the Hanapa'aoa district took revenge and wiped out the Naiki. The victors erected a tapu on Ipona and installed tikis. After the introduction of Christianity, this place of worship fell into disuse.

The Marae Takii, now well restored and consisting of three overlapping terraces, stands at the foot of a steep cliff and includes 8 stone statues and cyclopean heads. The largest is Tiki Takai'i, the guardian spirit of the valley, at 2.43 meters. However, the most interesting artwork is the Maki'i Taua Pepe figure, unique in the entire South Seas region, which, according to Karl von den Steinen, physician and ethnologist, depicts a priestess or goddess giving birth. According to Thor Heyerdahl, who visited Hiva Oa in 1937, the statue does not resemble a woman giving birth, but "more like an animal swimming," and he compared it to two sculptures of the "alligator god" from the St. Augustine culture. v.d. Steinen's interpretation of a woman in labor is contradicted by the fact that the base emerged from the navel region and not from the loins. He learned from his informants that the statue had long been lying on its back in a thicket and had only "recently" been erected. Another notable site is in the Vustin River valley.

Also notable is the Ta'aoa Valley, west of Atuona, which is filled with huge banyan trees, coconut palms, twenty-meter tall Barringtonia asiatica, many breadfruit trees, mango trees and Tahitian chestnuts. Among the dense undergrowth, it is difficult to distinguish most of the house and ceremonial platforms spread over an area of 3 ha, as little has been excavated and hardly anything has been restored. The Ta'aoa valley belonged to the sphere of influence of the powerful Tiu tribe, which plays a central role in the traditional myths of Hiva Oa. The buildings erected were correspondingly numerous and representative. In the center is a tohua, the largest of the Marquesas. A large tiki stands in the plaza and a stone head on one of the ceremonial platforms. Taro cultivation terraces have been found in the vicinity of the settlement. Ralph Linton explored this site as part of his expedition to the Marquesas, 1920/21, organized by the Bishop Museum. The Eiaone Valley, west of Puamau, is known for its unique and particularly expressive semi-relief petroglyphs. However, most of them are covered by dense vegetation. There are other petroglyphs, stone images and platforms in the Tahauku and Punae (Punai) valleys east of Atuona.

The Atuona cultural center dedicated to the painter Paul Gauguin displays only copies of his paintings, but documents his life in the South Seas. His house, which was right next door, has been reconstructed. In the process a disused well was found where the later inhabitants had disposed of the painter's personal belongings, including a comb and toothbrush, jugs of wine, empty absinthe bottles, a morphine syringe, and tiger balm.

There are also some Jacques Brel memorabilia in Atuona. In 2003, a hangar was built especially for his Beechcraft D 50 Twin-Bonanza under the name "Jojo", which has been restored in the meantime. Photos and documents from Brel's stay in the South Seas over several years are also on display here. A monument to Jacques Brel has been erected on a lookout point on the airport road.

In the Calvaire Cemetery (Cimetière Calvaire), located above Atuona, are the graves of Gauguin and Brel. It is sometimes doubted that this is Gauguin's actual grave; it is said that he was buried unmarked and somewhere in the jungle. The cemetery is a much-visited lookout point, offering views of Ta'aoa Bay.

title: Hiva Oa


text:
Michael Shapiro

Michael Shapiro may refer to:

 * Michael Shapiro (actor), American actor, voice actor and theatre director
 * Mike Shapiro (programmer), American computer programmer
 * Michael J. Shapiro (born 1940), American political scientist at the University of Hawai'i
 * Michael Jeffrey Shapiro, American composer and music director of the Chappaqua Orchestra
 * Mike Shapiro, bookmaker, see Sands Hotel and Casino

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Michael Shapiro


text:
Talk:Disk quota

What is lacking in this article that defines it as a stub? --Kbolino 10:37, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:NT Quota Management.png
The image Image:NT Quota Management.png is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --00:29, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Disk quota


text:
Atuona

Atuona, located on Atuona Bay on the southern side of Hiva Oa island, French Polynesia, is the administrative centre of the commune (municipality) of Hiva-Oa. Atuona was the capital of all the Marquesas Islands but it has been replaced by Taioha'e (on Nuku Hiva).

The peak Temetiu, rising to 1,213 m (3,980 ft) above sea level, towers above the town.

Atuona was the final home of Paul Gauguin, who died there in 1903 and is buried in Calvary Cemetery, which overlooks the town. The Belgian singer Jacques Brel is also buried there. In 2003, construction on the Paul Gauguin Cultural Center was completed in Atuona.

title: Atuona


text:
Retail Price Index

In the United Kingdom, the Retail Prices Index or Retail Price Index (RPI) is a measure of inflation published monthly by the Office for National Statistics. It measures the change in the cost of a representative sample of retail goods and services.

As the RPI was held not to meet international statistical standards, since 2013, the Office for National Statistics no longer classifies it as a "national statistic", emphasising the Consumer Price Index instead. However, as of 2018, the UK Treasury still uses the RPI measure of inflation for various index-linked tax rises.

History
RPI was first introduced in 1956, replacing the previous Interim Index of Retail Prices that had been in use since June 1947. It was once the principal official measure of inflation. It has been superseded in that regard by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The RPI is still used by the government as a base for various purposes, such as the amounts payable on index-linked securities, including index-linked gilts, and social housing rent increases. Many employers also use it as a starting point in wage negotiation. Since 2003, it is no longer used by the government for the inflation target for the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee nor, from April 2011, as the basis for the indexation of pensions of former public sector employees. , the UK state pension is indexed by the highest of the increase in average earnings, CPI or 2.5% ("the triple lock").

The highest annual inflation since the introduction of the RPI came in June 1975, with an increase in retail prices of 26.9% from a year earlier. By 1978, this had fallen to less than 10%, but it rose again towards 20% over the following two years before falling again. By 1982, it had fallen below 10% and a year later was down to 4%, remaining low for several years until approaching double figures again by 1990. Aided by a recession in the early 1990s, increased interest rates brought inflation down again to an even lower level.

From March to October 2009, the change in RPI measured over a 12-month period was negative, indicating an overall annual reduction in prices, for the first time since 1960. The change in RPI in the 12 months ending in April 2009, at −1.2%, was the lowest since the index started in 1948.

Housing associations lobbied the government to allow them to freeze rents at current levels rather than reduce them in line with the RPI, but the Treasury concluded that rents should follow RPI down as far as −2% per annum, leading to savings in housing benefit.

In February 2011, annual RPI inflation jumped to 5.1% putting pressure on the Bank of England to raise interest rates despite disappointing projected GDP growth of only 1.6% in 2011. The September 2011 figure of 5.6%, the highest for 20 years, was described by the Daily Telegraph as "shockingly bad".

After a thorough review, in 2012 the National Statistician's Consumer Prices Advisory Committee (CPAC) determined that due to the use of the Carli formula in certain subcomponents, the RPI is biased upwards compared to other indices by a "formula effect" of roughly one percentage point. CPAC concluded that "the use of the Carli formula is no longer appropriate" due to the weak axiomatic properties of the Carli method. (The weak property is the fact that after a price bounce and a subsequent full return to original prices, the Carli method shows positive aggregate inflation.).

In 2013, following a consultation on options for improving the RPI, the National Statistician concluded that the formula used to produce the RPI does not meet international standards and recommended that a new index known as RPIJ be published. Subsequently ONS decided to no longer classify RPI as a "national statistic". However, ONS will continue to calculate RPI, among several versions of the inflation index, in order to provide a consistent historic inflation time series. The index factors continue to be used to adjust for inflation in the calculation of chargeable (capital) gains for inclusion in the tax computation for entities subject to corporation tax in the UK.

In January 2018, Mark Carney, Governor of the Bank of England, said that RPI should be abandoned.

In November 2021, inflation has risen faster than projected to its highest level in nearly a decade, putting pressure on the Bank of England to increase interest rates. According to data from the ONS, the annual rate of the CPI increased to 4.2 percent in October, up from 3.1 percent in September. Inflation surpassed the Bank of England's target of 2% and was higher than the 3.9 percent predicted by experts. Higher rates for transportation, restaurants, and hotels mainly contributed to the price increase in October.

Calculation

The United Kingdom RPI is constructed as follows:

 * 1) A base year or starting point is chosen. This becomes the standard against which price changes are measured.
 * 2) A list of items bought by an average family is drawn up. This is facilitated by the Living Costs and Food Survey.
 * 3) A set of weights are calculated, showing the relative importance of the items in the average family budget – the greater the share of the average household bill, the greater the weight.
 * 4) The price of each item is multiplied by the weight given to the item, so that the contribution of the item's price is in proportion to its importance.
 * 5) The price of each item must be found in both the base year and the year of comparison (or month).

This enables the percentage change to be calculated over the desired time period.

The RPI calculation employs a variation of the Carli method rather than the Jevons method employed in the calculation of RPIJ and CPI.

The unweighted Carli method overstates inflation rates. However as stated above, the RPI calculation employs weights, which remove this overstatement.

In practice the comparison is made over shorter periods, and the weights are frequently reassessed. Detailed information is published on the Office for National Statistics website.

The RPI includes an element of housing costs, whereas the following items are not included in the CPI: Council tax, mortgage interest payments, house depreciation, buildings insurance, ground rent, solar PV feed in tariffs and other house purchase cost such as estate agents' and conveyancing fees. A further index, CPIH, has been published which includes housing costs but CPIH does not meet current international standards. The Office for National Statistics states that:

"The Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) is the most comprehensive measure of inflation. It extends the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) to include a measure of the costs associated with owning, maintaining and living in one's own home, known as owner occupiers'."

CPI is usually lower, though this is due more to the differences in the calculation formulas for the indices than to the differences in coverage. The UK Government announced in the June 2010 budget that CPI would be used in place of RPI for uprating of some benefits with effect from April 2011.

Regarding state pensions, the UK government confirmed in their autumn statement in 2011 that these would go up by the greater of the CPI, average earnings, or 2.5%.

The variability of the change in RPI, due to fluctuations in mortgage interest rates, is shown in the graph on the right. This was one of the arguments used in favour of changing to RPIX.

Variations
Variations on the RPI include the RPIX, which removes the cost of mortgage interest payments, the RPIY, which excludes indirect taxes (VAT) and local authority taxes as well as mortgage interest payments, and the RPIJ which uses the Jevons (geometric) rather than the Carli (arithmetic) method of averaging.

title: Retail Price Index


text:
Liamone

Liamone was a department of the French island of Corsica between 1793 and 1811. It was located in the southern and western parts of the island, and its capital was Ajaccio.

Liamone was created in 1793 by the division of the former department of Corse, which covered the whole island. Corse was reconstituted in 1811 when Liamone and Golo were recombined into a single department.

Until 1976, Corsica was only divided into one department. Corsica was split into two departments in 1976: Corse-du-Sud and Haute-Corse.

Deportees
In 1805, the Prefect of Liamone, Arrigi, reported that 127 people of color from Guadaloupe and Saint Domingue had been sent to build bridges and roads, and work as domestic servants. in those years, deportees to dépôts at Liamone and Golo on Corsica were poorly fed. By 1808, the Prefect reported that only 24 of these workers were left, and that half of them were "too ill to work" due to their poor subsistence.

title: Liamone


text:
Taioha'e

Taioha'e is the main town on Nuku Hiva island. The town is located on a former volcanic crater, which has partly collapsed into the ocean, creating a bay.

This is the site of Fort Madison, set up by Porter in 1813.

title: Taioha'e


text:
Wikipedia talk:Deletion of useless stub templates and stub categories/Vote

Unapproved stubs
I have a problem with the immediate deletion of unapproved stubs. I can see that it is a useful thing to keep the project in the loop and organized, but I don't see the problem with listing it for vote (according to the proposed policy) prior to deletion. Perhaps the user isn't aware of the existence of the stub sorting project and having their stuff unilaterally deleted might give a pretty bad impression, to say the least. There are existing policies to cover vandalism and what not, so I don't really see the need to have this section. --jag123 10:50, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
List of people from Melbourne

This is a list of notable people from Melbourne, the capital city of Victoria, Australia.

Native Melburnians
The following were born or grew up in Melbourne.

#

 * 360 – hip-hop rapper

Back to top

A

 * Daevid Allen – musician
 * Gordon Allpress – darts
 * Dennis Allen – criminal
 * Vanessa Amorosi – entertainer
 * Phil Anderson – cyclist
 * Bobi Andonov – singer
 * Peter Andre – entertainer/baddie
 * Beau Anderson – darts
 * Tina Arena – singer/entertainer
 * Asphyxia – puppeteer and children's author.
 * Tilly Aston – rights activist for the blind

Back to top

B

 * Merril Bainbridge – local singer
 * Dougie Baldwin – actor
 * Mike Baird – bank manager, former NSW premier
 * Eric Bana – comedian and actor
 * Adam Bandt – politician
 * Ron Barassi – Australian rules footballer
 * Frederick Oswald Barnett – social reformer
 * Jeremy Barrett – artist
 * Max Barry – writer
 * Kevin Bartlett – Australian rules footballer
 * John Bertrand – yachtsman
 * Travis Blackley – Major League baseballer
 * Hamish Blake – comedian
 * Cate Blanchett – actress
 * Andrew Bogut – NBA basketball player
 * Jonah Bolden (born 1996) – NBA basketball player
 * Anne Fraser Bon – pastoralist, philanthropist, and advocate
 * Cris Bonacci – musician
 * Leigh Bowery – performing artist
 * David Boyd – artist
 * John Brack – artist
 * May Brahe – composer
 * James Bailey – darts
 * Mark Bresciano – soccer player
 * Brigita Brezovac – IFBB bodybuilder
 * David Bridie – musician
 * Damien Broderick – science fiction writer
 * Havana Brown – DJ/singer
 * Jordan Brown (born 1996) – footballer
 * Emily Browning – actress/model
 * Leigh Broxham – soccer player
 * Stanley Bruce – prime minister of Australia
 * Alice Burdeu – fashion model
 * Debra Byrne – entertainer

Back to top

C

 * John Cain (senior) – premier of Victoria
 * Corey Cadby – darts
 * Anthony Callea – tenor/entertainer
 * Arthur Calwell – politician
 * Liz Cambage (born 1991) – basketball player in the Israeli Female Basketball Premier League
 * Deirdre Cash (Criena Rohan) – novelist
 * Pat Cash – tennis player
 * Steph Catley – soccer player for Australia
 * Nick Cave – singer/actor
 * Brian Chambers – cricketer
 * Bianca Chatfield – netball player
 * Chris Cheney – musician
 * Anna Ciddor – author and illustrator
 * Gabriella Cilmi – singer
 * Mal Cuming – darts
 * Graeme Clark
 * Teale Coco – model
 * Steve Cox – artist
 * Vince Colosimo – actor
 * Kate Constable – novelist
 * Julie Corletto – netball player
 * Ryan Corr – actor
 * Peter Costello – politician, treasurer of Australia
 * Frank Costigan – lawyer and politician
 * Noel Counihan – artist
 * Susan Crennan – High Court justice
 * Barry Crocker – entertainer, children's TV personality
 * Bernard Curry – actor
 * Abraham Cykiert – playwright, poet

Back to top

D

 * Isabella Dalgarno (1805-1878), Scottish born temperance advocate
 * Brody Dalle – singer
 * Tenille Dashwood ("Emma") – professional wrestler
 * Garry David – criminal
 * Liam Davison – novelist
 * Paul Dawber – actor, Neighbours, Sons & Daughters, The Novelist
 * Tania de Jong - soprano and entrepreneur (daughter of Eva Duldig, granddaughter of Karl Duldig)
 * Emilie de Ravin – actress
 * Alfred Deakin – Prime Minister of Australia
 * Paul Dempsey – musician
 * Catherine Deveny – comedian
 * Anthony Di Pietro – businessman and soccer promoter
 * Helena Dix – soprano
 * Owen Dixon – chief justice
 * Jason Donovan – entertainer
 * Eva Duldig (born 1938) – tennis player, author
 * Karl Duldig (1902–1986) – sculptor
 * Sir Edward "Weary" Dunlop – surgeon and war hero
 * Judith Durham – entertainer (The Seekers)

Back to top

E

 * Sir John Eccles – Nobel laureate, neurophysiologist
 * Peter Eckersley – computer scientist, computer security researcher, and activist
 * Matthew Elliott – test cricketer
 * Jason Ellis – broadcaster
 * Mark Evans – bassist (AC/DC)
 * Dante Exum – NBA basketball player

Back to top

F

 * John Farnham – entertainer
 * Brendan Fevola – Australian rules footballer
 * Jon Finlayson – actor and artist
 * John Fitzgerald – tennis player
 * Edwin Flack – tennis player
 * Flea (born Michael Balzary) – musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
 * Damien Fleming – test cricketer
 * Joel Fletcher – disk jockey
 * Debbie Flintoff-King – Olympic athlete
 * Amanda Fosang – biomedical researcher
 * Lindsay Fox – logistics CEO
 * Malcolm Fraser – prime minister of Australia
 * Anna Funder – author

Back to top

G

 * Anna Galvin – actress
 * Alphonse Gangitano – organised crime figure
 * Zarah Garde-Wilson – attorney
 * Helen Garner – novelist
 * Andrew Gaze – professional basketball player
 * Lisa Gerrard – singer/composer
 * Sir John Gorton – prime minister of Australia
 * Gotye – musician
 * Alan J. Gow – motor sports promoter
 * Percy Grainger – composer/pianist
 * Germaine Greer – writer and feminist
 * Vince Grella – soccer player
 * Rachel Griffiths – actress
 * Savannah Guthrie – TV broadcaster currently working for NBC News

Back to top

H

 * Joe Hachem – poker player
 * Ross Hannaford – musician
 * Frank Hardy – novelist and political activist
 * Colin Hay – musician/actor
 * Chris Hemsworth – actor
 * Liam Hemsworth – actor
 * Luke Hemsworth – actor
 * Paul Hester (d. 2005) – musician
 * Missy Higgins – singer, actress and entertainer
 * Derryn Hinch ("The Human Headline") – broadcaster
 * Peter Hitchener – news presenter (Nine News)
 * Harold Holt – prime minister of Australia
 * Danielle Horvat – actress
 * Rowland S. Howard – musician, writer and performer of the song (I Know) A Girl Called Jonny
 * Merv Hughes – test cricketer
 * Barry Humphries (Dame Edna Everage) – comedian
 * Rex Hunt – Australian rules footballer and media personality
 * Graham Hunt – darts

Back to top

I

 * Aubri Ibrag – actress, model, Internet personality
 * Kyrie Irving – NBA basketball player
 * Steve Irwin – wildlife expert
 * Isaac Isaacs – chief justice and governor-general of Australia

Back to top

J

 * Margaret Jackson – business executive
 * Christie Jenkins – trampoline athlete
 * Stephen Jolly – activist and politician
 * Alan Jones – Formula One World Drivers' Champion
 * Dean Jones – test cricketer
 * Vance Joy – singer
 * Isha Judd – author and spiritual teacher
 * Paul Jennings – children's author

Back to top

K

 * Ash Keating – artist
 * Moira Kelly (humanitarian) – humanitarian aid worker
 * Paul Kelly – musician
 * Graham Kennedy – entertainer
 * Marny Kennedy – actress/singer
 * Jeff Kennett – premier of Victoria
 * Jennifer Keyte – news presenter (Seven News)
 * Graham Kinniburgh – organized crime figure
 * Michael Klim – Olympic swimmer
 * Michael Klinger – cricketer
 * Barrie Kosky – opera director
 * Lynne Kosky – politician
 * Anthony Koutoufides – Australian rules footballer
 * Tori Kewish – darts

Back to top

L

 * Norman Lacy – politician
 * John Landy – Olympic athlete
 * Elizabeth Langley – Canadian performer, choreographer, teacher
 * Lex Lasry – Supreme Court judge
 * Andrew Lauterstein – Olympic swimmer
 * Bill Lawry – test cricketer
 * Andy Lee – comedian
 * Michael Leunig – cartoonist and controversialist
 * Simon Lewis – lifeguard
 * Sharon Lewin – Director of the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity
 * Solomon Lew – businessman
 * Peter Lik – photographer
 * Walter Lindrum – billiards player
 * Luc Longley – NBA basketball player
 * Colin Lovitt – lawyer/QC
 * Richard Lowenstein – film director
 * Craig Lowndes – three time Supercars Championship winner (1996, 1998, 1999)
 * Sydney Lucas – centenarian soldier

Back to top

M

 * Katie Mactier – racing cyclist
 * Melissa Maizels (born 1993) – soccer player
 * Costas Mandylor – actor
 * Daniel Mannix – Catholic archbishop of Melbourne
 * John Marsden – writer and educationalist
 * Kirstie Marshall – politician and aerial skier
 * Mangok Mathiang (born 1992) – Australian-Sudanese basketball player for Hapoel Eilat of the Israeli Basketball Premier League
 * John McAll – pianist
 * Mat McBriar – American football punter
 * Frederick McCubbin – painter
 * Scott McDonald – Australian rules footballer
 * Hal and Jim McElroy – film/television producers
 * Brad McEwan – journalist (Ten Eyewitness News)
 * John Reid McGowan – boxer
 * Eddie McGuire – entertainer
 * Sir William McKie – musician
 * Sharelle McMahon – netball player
 * Noel McNamara – social activist
 * Peter McNamara – tennis player
 * Paul McNamee – tennis player and sports administrator
 * Bryony Marks – composer
 * Clement Meadmore – sculptor
 * Dame Nellie Melba – opera singer
 * Ben Mendelsohn – actor
 * Keith Miller – test cricketer
 * Dannii Minogue – pop star
 * Kylie Minogue – pop star
 * Peter Mitchell – news presenter (Seven News)
 * Radha Mitchell – actress
 * Anika Molesworth – agroecology scientist
 * Sir John Monash – civil engineer and military commander
 * Jason Moran – criminal
 * Lewis Moran – criminal
 * Mark Moran – criminal
 * Bob Morley – actor
 * Leslie Morshead – army officer and businessman
 * Dame Elisabeth Murdoch – philanthropist
 * Sir Keith Murdoch – journalist
 * Rupert Murdoch – press magnate
 * Vali Myers – artist and dancer

Back to top

N

 * Andrew Nabbout – soccer player
 * Bert Newton – entertainer
 * Matthew Newton – actor and son of entertainer Bert Newton
 * Olivia Newton-John – singer/actress
 * Livinia Nixon – TV presenter (Nine News)
 * Keith Nugent – physicist

Back to top

O

 * Joan O'Hagan – novelist
 * Ida Rentoul Outhwaite – illustrator
 * Scott Owen – bassist
 * Dermot O'Brien – film producer and director

Back to top

P

 * Roseanne Park (Rosé) – member of South Korean girl group Blackpink; raised in Melbourne
 * John James Parton – Big Brother UK contestant
 * Sid Patterson – track cyclist
 * Guy Pearce – actor
 * Andreja Pejic – model
 * Kirk Pengilly – musician (INXS)
 * Elliot Perlman – writer and barrister
 * Kath Pettingill – criminal (Pettingill family)
 * Mark Philippoussis – tennis player
 * Oscar Piastri – McLaren Formula 1 driver
 * Harry "Snub" Pollard – comedian
 * Bill Ponsford – test cricketer
 * Richard Pratt – businessman
 * Jane Price (1860–1948) – painter
 * Clifton Pugh – artist

Back to top

Q

 * Stephen Quartermain – news presenter, Ten Eyewitness News

Back to top

R

 * Raja Ram – musician
 * Diego Ramirez (artist) – artist
 * Dean Rankine – comic artist and writer
 * Chopper Read – criminal
 * Helen Reddy – singer and activist
 * James Mahmud Rice – sociologist
 * Jim Richards – racing driver
 * Steven Richards – racing driver
 * Robert Richter – lawyer and rights activist
 * William Ricketts – potter and sculptor
 * Gina Riley – comedian/actress
 * Helen Lothan Robertson - Australian tailor and trade unionist (1848-1937)
 * Neil Robertson – snooker player
 * Anastasia Rodionova – tennis player
 * Jodie Rogers – diver
 * Lionel Rose – boxer
 * Ruby Rose – actress
 * Normie Rowe – singer
 * Phil Rudd – drummer (AC/DC)

Back to top

S

 * Fred Schepisi – film director
 * Peter Scully – criminal
 * Anna Segal – Olympic freestyle skier and two-time world champion
 * Sam Sejavka – writer and musician
 * Phineas Selig – journalist
 * Mark Seymour – musician
 * Patricia Shaw – novelist
 * Ann Shoebridge – milliner
 * Peter Siddle – test cricketer
 * Ben Simmons – NBA basketball player
 * Peter Singer – philosopher
 * Jerry Skinner – deputy prime minister of New Zealand
 * Reuben Solo – comedian
 * Daryl Somers – entertainer
 * James Sorensen – actor/model
 * Jesse Spencer – actor/musician
 * Caitlin Stasey – actress
 * Christine Stephen-Daly – actress
 * Russell Stewart – darts
 * Craig Stott – actor
 * Graeme "Shirley" Strachan – singer (Skyhooks)/television presenter
 * Dane Swan – Australian rules footballer
 * Red Symons – guitarist, entertainer and radio presenter (774 ABC Melbourne)
 * Keith Sullivan – darts player

Back to top

±===T===

 * Peter Tatchell – politician and rights campaigner
 * Don Tregonning – Australian professional tennis player and coach
 * Squizzy Taylor – criminal
 * Eliza Taylor-Cotter – actress
 * J. G. Thirlwell – singer/composer
 * Lewis Thorpe – professional baseball pitcher in the Minnesota Twins organization
 * John Thwaites – politician
 * George Tolhurst – composer
 * Tones and I – singer and songwriter
 * Anna Torv – actress
 * Geoffrey Tozer – pianist
 * Zbych Trofimiuk – actor
 * Zoja Trofimiuk – sculptor
 * Anthony Troiano – musician / baddie
 * Christos Tsiolkas – author
 * Albert Tucker – artist

Back to top

V

 * Holly Valance – actress/singer
 * Mark Viduka – soccer player
 * Steve Vizard – entertainer and businessman
 * Karl von Möller – film maker and cinematographer

Back to top

W

 * Ron Walker – businessman and Lord Mayor of Melbourne
 * Stan Walker – singer
 * James Wan – film producer and director
 * Sir Joseph Ward – prime minister of New Zealand
 * Shane Warne – test cricketer
 * Gordon Watson (squash player)
 * Kathy Watt – Olympic cyclist
 * Matt Welsh – world champion swimmer
 * Leigh Whannell – actor/screenwriter
 * Jamie Whincup – racing driver
 * Christian Whitehead – game programmer
 * Ted Whitten – Australian rules footballer
 * Carl Williams – criminal
 * David Williamson – playwright
 * Richard Wilson – businessman and sports promoter
 * Ross Wilson – singer/songwriter
 * John Wren – businessman and underworld figure
 * Wayne Weening – darts
 * John Weber – darts
 * Darren Webster – darts
 * Bruce Woodley – entertainer (The Seekers)

Back to top

X

 * Bohdan X – singer-songwriter

Back to top

Z

 * Feliks Zemdegs – Rubik's Cube speed solver

Back to top

Non-native Melburnians
These people were not born in Melbourne but are or were well known for living or working there.

A
Back to top

B

 * Courtney Barnett – singer-songwriter
 * Paula Bossio – author and illustrator
 * Steve Bracks – premier of Victoria
 * Frank Macfarlane Burnet – Nobel laureate virologist

Back to top

D

 * Portia de Rossi – actress
 * Peter Doherty – immunologist and Nobel Prize Laureate

Back to top

F

 * Tim Ferguson – comedian

Back to top

G

 * Julia Gillard – prime minister of Australia
 * Delta Goodrem – actress/singer

Back to top

H

 * Brent Hobba – professional basketball player

Back to top

M

 * Sir Robert Menzies – prime minister of Australia

Back to top

N

 * Sir Gustav Nossal – Australian researcher

Back to top

P

 * Hoa Pham – writer and psychologist

Back to top

R

 * Christopher Raja – writer
 * Geoffrey Rush – actor

Back to top

S

 * Guy Sebastian – singer
 * Nevil Shute – novelist
 * Billy Slater – rugby league player
 * John J. Smithies – artist/arts manager
 * John So – Lord Mayor of Melbourne

Back to top

T

 * Archie Thompson – soccer

Back to top

W

 * David Warren – inventor

Back to top

Y

 * James Yammouni – comedian (The Janoskians)

Back to top

title: List of people from Melbourne


text:
Irish syntax

Irish syntax is rather different from that of most Indo-European languages, especially because of its VSO word order.

Normal word order
The normal word order in an Irish sentence is:
 * 1) Preverbal particle
 * 2) Verb
 * 3) Subject
 * 4) Direct object or predicate adjective
 * 5) Indirect object
 * 6) Location descriptor
 * 7) Manner descriptor
 * 8) Time descriptor

Only the verb and subject are obligatory; all other parts are optional (unless the primary or finite verb is transitive, in which case a direct object is required). In synthetic verb forms, the verb and subject are united in a single word, so that even one-word sentences are possible, e.g. Tuigim "I understand."

An example sentence: Labhraíonn Mícheál Gaeilge le Cáit go minic.

speak.PRES Mícheál Irish with Cáit PTC often

Mícheál often speaks Irish with Cáit.

Questions and answers
Irish has no words for "yes" and "no". The answer to a question contains a repetition (the same as in Latin) of the verb, either with or without a negative particle. For analytic forms, only the verb is given and the subject is not repeated. If a verb has different dependent and independent forms, the dependent form follows the interrogative or negative particle. The independent form is used where there is no particle. An éisteann Seán lena mháthair riamh?

Q listen.PRES Seán {to his} mother ever

Does Seán ever listen to his mother?" Éisteann.

listen.PRES

Yes, he does. *Éisteann sé.

listen.PRES 3S.M.CNJV  CNJV:conjunctive DSJV:disjunctive  Ní éisteann.

not listen.PRES

No, he does not.
 * Ní éisteann sé.

not listen.PRES 3S.M.CNJV

Nach bhfuil tú ag éisteacht liom?

NEG.Q EXIST.PRES.DEP 2S.CNJV at listen.VN {to me}

Aren't you listening to me? Táim.

EXIST.1S.PRES

Yes, I am. Nílim.

EXIST.1S.PRES.NEG

No, I'm not.

Commands
In a command the imperative mood is used, and no subject is given. Tabhair dúinn dhá ghloine fuisce {le do thoil}.

give.2SG.IMPR {to us} two glasses whiskey.GEN please

Please give us two glasses of whiskey.

To express a negative command, the particle ná is used. This particle, which can be roughly translated "don't", causes neither eclipsis nor lenition, and attaches h to a following vowel. Ná cailligí an t-airgead.

don't lose.2PL.IMP the money

Don't lose the money!

Ná habair leo é.

don't tell.2SG.IMP {to them} 3S.M.DSJV

Don't tell it to them!

Ná téimis abhaile.

don't go.1PL.IMP home

Let's not go home!

Syntax of the verbal noun
A progressive aspect can be formed by connecting the verbal noun to the existential verb with the progressive particle ag. Tá Mícheál ag labhairt Gaeilge le Cáit anois.

EXIST.PRES Mícheál at speak.VN Irish with Cáit now

Mícheál is speaking Irish with Cáit now. The object of a verbal noun is in the genitive, if it is definite. Tá Séamas ag léamh an nuachtáin.

EXIST.PRES Séamas at read.VN the newspaper.GEN

Séamas is reading the newspaper. If a nonfinite clause forms the complement of the verb, the verbal noun stands alone (without a preposition) in the clause. D'éirigh liom breith ar an liathróid.

be-successful.PRET {with me} catch.VN on the ball

I succeeded in catching the ball.

The direct object of a verbal noun complement precedes the verbal noun; the leniting particle a "to" is placed between them. Other complements follow. Tá brath agam an scian a chur go cúramach ar an mbord.

EXIST.PRES intention {at me} the knife to put.VN PTC careful on the table

I intend to place the knife carefully on the table.

Object pronouns
Generally, an object pronoun or a conjugated preposition stands at the end of a sentence in Irish. Compare this sentence: D'inis sé an scéal do Bhríd inné.

tell.PRET 3S.M.CNJV the story to Bríd yesterday

He told the story to Bríd yesterday.

with the two following sentences:

D'inis sé do Bhríd inné é.

tell.PRET 3S.M.CNJV to Bríd yesterday 3S.M.DSJV

He told it to Bríd yesterday. D'inis sé an scéal inné di

tell.PRET 3S.M.CNJV the story yesterday {to her}

He told her the story yesterday.

Passive
Irish commonly uses the impersonal form (also called the autonomous form) instead of the passive voice. Buaileadh an madra.

beat.IMPRS.PRET the dog

Someone beat the dog/The dog was beaten.

In the perfect, the passive voice is formed by using the passive participle with the existential verb. Tá an fhuinneog briste (ag mo dheartháir).

EXIST.PRES the window broken (by my brother)

The window has been broken (by my brother).

Stative verbs
Some verbs describing the state or condition of a person form a progressive present with the existential verb plus 'in (my, your, his etc.)' plus the verbal noun. Tá mé i mo chodladh.

EXIST.PRES 1S in my sleep.VN

I'm asleep. An bhfuil tú i do chónaí sa Ghearmáin?

Q EXIST.PRES.DEP 2S.CNJV in your.SG live.VN {in the} Germany

Do you live in Germany?

Forms meaning "to be"
Irish, like Spanish and other languages, has two forms that can express the English verb "to be". The two forms perform different grammatical functions.

Existential verb bí
The existential verb is bí. It is an irregular verb; see Irish verbs for its conjugation.

Existence, condition or location
This verb expresses the absolute existence of something, its condition, or its location. When accompanied by the adverb ann "there", it means "exist" or "there is/are". Otherwise, the verb is complemented by an adjective, an adverb or a prepositional phrase. Tá Dia ann.

EXIST.PRES God there

God exists; There is a God. Tá an bosca folamh.

EXIST.PRES the box empty

The box is empty. Tá na húlla ar an mbord.

EXIST.PRES the.PL apple.PL on the table

The apples are on the table.

Definitions
A noun phrase alone cannot form the predicate of the existential verb. Instead, the noun complement is preceded by a form meaning "in my, in your, in his", etc. Tá Seán ina dhochtúir.

EXIST.PRES Seán {in his} doctor

Seán is a doctor.

The copula is
The Irish copula is not a verb but a particle, used to express a definition or identification. It may be complemented by a noun, a pronoun, an adjective, or a topicalized phrase. Because it is not a verb, it does not inflect for person or number, and pronouns appear in the disjunctive form.

The copula, which has the realis form is, is used for identification and definition:

Definition: X is a Y. Here, the word order is "Is-Y-(pronoun)-X". X is a definite noun or a pronoun. Is fear é.

COP.PRES man 3S.DSJV

It/he is a man. Is Sasanaigh iad.

COP.PRES English-person.PL 3P.DSJV

They are English.

Identification: X is the Y. Here the word order is "Is-pronoun-X-Y", or "Is-pronoun-Y-X". There must always be a pronoun between a definite noun and the copula. It would be wrong to say *Is Seán an múinteoir, which would mean "The teacher is a Seán". Is é Seán an múinteoir.

COP.PRES 3S.M.DSJV Seán the teacher

Seán is the teacher.

To identify a first or second person pronoun with a definite noun, it is usual to use the longer form of the personal pronoun, which comes immediately after the copula:
 * (26a) Is mise an múinteoir. "I am the teacher."
 * (26b) Is tusa an scoláire. "You are the student."
 * (26c) Is sinne na múinteoirí. "We are the teachers."
 * (26d) Is sibhse na scoláirí. "You are the students."

The long form of the personal pronoun is very emphatic and stressed and often ejects the copula entirely. Thus, in the previous four examples, it is possible to leave out the copula, which will then be understood:
 * (27a) Mise an múinteoir.
 * (27b) Tusa an scoláire.
 * (27c) Sinne na múinteoirí.
 * (27d) Sibhse na scoláirí.

If a third-person pronoun with a definite noun is identified, the same construction may be used: However, in the third person, that is perceived to be much more emphatic than in the first and second persons. The usual way to say "He is the teacher" is in which the definite noun is flanked by two personal pronouns agreeing with it in gender and number.
 * (28a) (Is) eisean an múinteoir. "He is the teacher."
 * (28b) (Is) ise an scoláire. "She is the student."
 * (28c) (Is) iadsan na saighdiúirí. "They are the soldiers".
 * (28d) Is é an múinteoir é.

When saying "this is", or "that is", seo and sin are used, in which case is is usually dropped:
 * (29a) Seo í mo mháthair. "This is my mother."
 * (29b) Sin é an muinteoir. "That's the teacher."

One can also add "that is in him/her/it", especially when an adjective is used if one wants to emphasise the quality: Is fear láidir atá ann.

COP.PRES man strong EXIST.REL.PRES {in him}

He's a strong man. Is cailín álainn atá inti.

COP.PRES girl beautiful EXIST.REL.PRES {in her}

She's a beautiful girl. That sometimes appears in Hiberno-English, translated literally as "that is in it" or as "so it is".

The present tense of the copula can be used for the future:
 * (32) Is múinteoir é. "He will be a teacher."

The past tense of the copula can be used for the conditional:
 * (33) Ba mhúinteoir í. "She would be a teacher."

The forms is and ba are not used after preverbal particles.
 * (34a) An múinteoir thú? "Are you a teacher?"
 * (34b) Níor mhúinteoirí sinn. "We were not teachers."

If the predicate is definite, the copula is followed by a disjunctive personal pronoun, which may be repeated at the end of the sentence.
 * (35a) Is í Siobhán an múinteoir. "Siobhán is the teacher."
 * (35b) Is iad na daoine sin na múinteoirí. "Those people are the teachers."
 * (35c) Is é an múinteoir é. "He is the teacher."

If the predicate is indefinite, it follows the copula directly, with the disjunctive pronoun and subject coming at the end.
 * (36a) Is dalta mé. "I am a student."
 * (36b) Is múinteoir í Cáit. "Cáit is a teacher."

The copula can also be used to stress an adjective, as in the following instance: Is breá an lá é.

COP.PRES nice the day 3S.M.DSJV

It's a nice day.

Topicalization
Topicalization in Irish is formed by clefting: by fronting the topicalized element as the predicate of the copula, while the rest of the sentence becomes a relative clause. Compare Dúirt mise é "I said it" with Is mise a dúirt é "I said it."

Other uses for the copula
There are other set idiomatic phrases using the copula, as seen in the following examples. Here the predicate consists mostly of either a prepositional phrase or an adjective.
 * (38a) Is maith liom "I like" (lit. "is good with me")
 * (38b) Ba mhaith liom "I would like" (lit. "would be good with me")
 * (38c) Is fearr liom "I prefer" (lit. "is better with me")
 * (38d) Is féidir liom "I can" (lit. "is possible with me")
 * (38e) Ba cheart "one should" (lit. "would be right")
 * (38f) Níor cheart "one shouldn't" (lit. "would not be right")
 * (38g) Is fuath liom "I hate" (lit. "is hatred with me")
 * (38h) Is cuma liom "I don't care" (lit. "is indifferent with me")
 * (38i) Is mian liom "I wish/would like" (lit. "is desire with me")
 * (38j) Is cuimhin liom "I remember" (lit. "is memory with me")

There are also the following constructions: Is deacair an abairt seo a thuiscint.

COP.PRES difficult the sentence this to understand-VN

This sentence is hard to understand. Is le Cáit an gluaisteán.

COP.PRES with Cáit the car

The car belongs to Cáit. Is as {Baile Átha Cliath} Máire.

COP.PRES from Dublin Máire

Máire is from Dublin.

Answering questions with copula
Since the copula cannot stand alone, the answer must contain either a part of the predicate or a pronoun, both of which follow the copula.
 * (42) An é Seán an múinteoir? "Is Seán the teacher?"
 * (42.1) Is é. "Yes, he is."
 * (42.2) Ní hé. "No, he isn't."
 * (43) An múinteoir é Seán? "Is Seán a teacher?"
 * (43.1) Is ea. "Yes, he is."
 * (43.2) Ní hea. "No, he isn't."

Omission of is
In all dialects, the copula is may be omitted if the predicate is a noun. (Ba cannot be deleted.) If is is omitted, the following é, í, iad preceding the noun is omitted as well.
 * (44a) (Is) mise an múinteoir. "I am the teacher."
 * (44b) (Is é) Seán an múinteoir. "Seán is the teacher."
 * (44c) (Is) dalta mé. "I am a student."

Comparison of the existential verb and the copula
Both the existential verb and the copula may take a nominal predicate, but the two constructions have slightly different meanings: Is dochtúir é Seán sounds more permanent: it represents something absolute about Seán; it is a permanent characteristic of Seán that he is a doctor. That is known as an individual-level predicate. In the sentence Tá Seán ina dhochtúir, one says rather that Seán performs the job of a doctor, he is a doctor at the moment, or he has become a doctor. That is known as a stage-level predicate.

Subordination
Most complementizers (subordinating conjunctions) in Irish cause eclipsis and require the dependent form of irregular verbs. The word order in an Irish subordinate clause is the same as in a main clause. The types of subordination discussed here are: complementation, relative clauses, and wh-questions (which are formed as a kind of relative clause in Irish).

Syntactic complementation
The subordinate clause is a part of the main clause in a purely syntactic complementation. In Irish it is introduced by go "that" in the positive and nach "that... not" in the negative. Deir sé go bhfuil deifir air.

say.PRES 3S.M.CNJV that EXIST.PRES.DEP hurry {upon him}

He says that he's in a hurry. Chruthaigh sé nach raibh taibhse ann.

prove.PRET 3S.M.CNJV that.NEG EXIST.PRET.DEP ghost there

He proved that there was no ghost.

Other examples of complex sentences using complementizers:
 * (47a) Bhí faitíos roimhe mar go raibh sé taghdach. "People were afraid of him because he was quick-tempered."
 * (47b) Ní chreidim é cé go bhfeicim é. "I don't believe it although I see it."
 * (47c) Scríobh sí síos é ar nós nach ndéanfadh sí dearmad air. "She wrote it down so that she wouldn't forget it."
 * (47d) Fan nó go dtiocfaidh sé. "Wait until he comes."

Conditional complementation
A conditional clause gives the condition under which something will happen. In Irish there are two kinds of conditional clauses, depending on the plausibility of the condition. The particle má introduces a conditional clause that is plausible, also called a realis condition. Má causes lenition and takes the independent form of irregular verbs. Its negated form is mura and causes eclipsis. Preceding the preterite it is murar and causes lenition.

If the condition of the clause is hypothetical, also called an irrealis condition or counterfactual conditional, the word dá is used, which causes eclipsis and takes the dependent form of irregular verbs. The negated equivalent is either mura or murach go, meaning roughly "if it were not the case that...". The verb in both clauses is in the conditional.
 * (48a) Má chreideann sé an scéal sin, tá sé saonta go maith. "If he believes that story, he is pretty gullible." (realis)
 * (48b) Murar chaill sé é, ghoid sé é. "If he didn't lose it, then he stole it." (realis)
 * (48c) Dá bhfágfainn agat é ní dhéanfá é. "If I left it to you, you wouldn't do it." (irrealis)

Other examples of conditionals are:
 * (49a) Éireoidh leis an bhfiontar i gcleithiúnas go mbeidh cách páirteach ann. "The venture will succeed provided that all take part in it."
 * (49b) Tig leat é a bhriseadh ar chuntar go n-íocfaidh tú as. "You may break it provided that you pay for it."

Direct relative
There are two kinds of relative clauses in Irish: direct and indirect. Direct relative clauses begin with the leniting relativizer a and the independent form of an irregular verb is used. The direct relative is used when the relative pronoun is the subject or direct object of its clause.
 * (50a) D'imigh na daoine a bhí míshásta thar sáile. "The people who were unhappy went overseas."
 * (50b) Sin í an obair a rinne mé. "That's the work that I did."

The direct relative is also used in topicalizations, e.g.:
 * (51) Is é Jimmy a chuaigh go Méiriceá. "It's Jimmy who went to America."

The direct relative is also used after the word uair "time":
 * (52) an chéad uair a bhí mé ann "the first time that I was there"

Indirect relative
Indirect relative clauses begin with the eclipsing relativizer a (in the preterite with leniting ar); the dependent form of an irregular verb is used. The indirect relative is used to signify a genitive or the object of a preposition. In these cases, there is a resumptive pronoun in the relative clause.
 * (53a) an fear a raibh a dheirfiúr san ospidéal "the man whose sister was in the hospital" (lit. "the man that his sister was in the hospital")
 * (53b) an fear ar thug a iníon céad punt dó "the man whose daughter gave him a hundred pounds" or "the man to whom his daughter gave a hundred pounds" (lit. "the man that his daughter gave him a hundred pounds")
 * (53c) an seomra ar chodail mé ann "the room that I slept in" (lit. "the room that I slept in it")

The negative form of a relative clause, direct or indirect, is formed with the eclipsing relativizer nach, or, before the preterite, with the leniting relativizer nár.
 * (54a) Sin rud nach dtuigim. "That's something I don't understand." (direct)
 * (54b) bean nach bhfuil a mac ag obair "a woman whose son isn't working" (indirect; lit. "a woman that her son isn't working")

Sometimes a direct relative clause can be ambiguous in meaning, leaving unclear if the relative is accusative or nominative: If the accusative reading is intended, one could use an indirect relative with a resumptive pronoun:
 * (55) an sagart a phóg an bhean "the priest who kissed the woman" or "the priest whom the woman kissed"
 * (56) an sagart ar phóg an bhean é "the priest whom the woman kissed" (lit. "the priest that the woman kissed him")

Wh-questions
A wh-question begins with a word such as "who, what, how, when, where, why" etc. In Irish, such questions are constructed as relative clauses, in that they can be constructed as either direct or indirect.

Direct relative wh-questions
Questions with "who, what, how many, which, when" are constructed as direct relative clauses.
 * (57a) Cathain/Cá huair a tharla sé? "When did it happen?"
 * (57b) Cé a rinne é? "Who did it?"
 * (57c) Céard a fuair tú? "What did you get?"
 * (57d) Cé mhéad míle a shiúil tú? "How many miles did you walk?"
 * (57e) Cé acu is daoire, feoil nó iasc? "Which is more expensive, meat or fish?"

Indirect relative wh-questions
Questions with prepositions (i.e. "on what?, with whom?") and questions with "why?" and "where?" are constructed as indirect relative clauses.
 * (58a) Cé aige a bhfuil an t-airgead? "Who has the money?" (lit. "who at him is the money")
 * (58b) Cá leis ar thóg tú an gluaisteán? "What did you lift the car with?" (lit. "what with it did you lift the car")
 * (58c) Cad chuige ar bhuail tú é? "Why did you hit him?"
 * (58d) Cén áit a bhfaca tú an bhean? "Where did you see the woman?"

Clauses introduced by "how"
There are two words for "how" in Irish: the word conas takes the direct relative clause, the phrase cén chaoi takes the indirect.
 * (59a) Conas a tharla sé? "How did it happen?"
 * (59b) Cén chaoi a mbaineann sin leat? "How does that concern you?/What business is that of yours?"

Complementary subordinate clauses in the form of a relative clause
Some complements in Irish take the form of a relative, in that they end in the relative particle a; both direct and indirect relative are found.

 * Direct
 * (60a) Nuair a bhí mé óg, bhí mé i mo chónaí i nDún na nGall. "When I was young, I lived in Donegal."
 * (60b) Glaofaidh sí chomh luath agus a thiocfaidh sí abhaile. "She will call as soon as she gets home."
 * (60c) Bhí sé ag caoineadh an t-achar a bhí sé ag caint liom. "He was crying while he was talking to me."
 * (60d) Seinneadh port ansin, mar a rinneadh go minic. "Then a melody was played, as one often did ."
 * (60e) Bhog sé a cheann ar nós mar a bheadh sé ag seinm. "He moved his head as if he were playing music."
 * (60f) Tig leat é a choinneáil fad is a thugann tú aire dó. "You may hold it as long as you are careful with it."

 * Indirect
 * (61a) Lorg iad mar ar chuir tú iad. "Look for them where you put them."
 * (61b) Fan san áit a bhfuil tú. "Stay where you are!"
 * (61c) An t-am ar tháinig sé, bhíodar díolta ar fad. "By the time he came, they were all sold out."
 * (61d) Inseoidh mé sin dó ach a bhfeicfidh mé é. "I will tell him that as soon as I see him."
 * (61e) D'fhág sí é sa gcaoi a raibh sé. "She left it as it was."

title: Irish syntax


text:
Talk:Count Orlok

Bremen to Bonn
He moves from Bremen to Bonn? I thought he was from Transylvania and moved to Bremen. -Branddobbe 10:56, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)

That's right. I changed it.

Original research?
The second paragraph does not cite its sources and seems to make several NPOV/reviewer-like statements which are unencyclopedic. I propose to shorten or delete it. Wachholder0 20:14, 6 October 2006 (UTC)

Removing Pop Culture
All of that stuff is already covered in the main Nosferatu article.87.102.23.51 23:16, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nosferatuisabauskinski.jpg
Image:Nosferatuisabauskinski.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 05:40, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

The Master
Is it safe to say that the Master from Buffy is also based off Orlok's appearance? Howa0082 01:52, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

possible origin of name "Orlok"
In dracula a description of the carpathian peoples includes a certain bloodline call the "orvloks". I'm not sure if this is the inspiation for the counts name in nosferatu so I don't want to add this to the article until I see other peoples opinions. ¥CALL OF CTHULHU¥ 23:15, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

"Based on?"
Is it really accurate to say that the design of Klaus Kinski's character in 'Nosferatu the Vampyre' is 'based on' Count Orlok, given that 'Nosferatu the Vampyre' is a remake of the original 'Nosferatu'?--MythicFox (talk) 00:29, 11 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't see why not. A remake is, by definition, based on the original film. Ribbet32 (talk) 00:21, 13 August 2013 (UTC)

Removal of Unreferenced Content
When removing unreferenced content, please either remove all such content or at least provide references for what you intend to keep. -- 4.153.82.97 (talk) 05:26, 4 January 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Count Orlok


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Internet Explorer/archive1

Internet Explorer
A reasonably neutral, objective article about Internet Explorer. Well written and very informative! - Ta bu shi da yu 10:56, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object - not quite comprehensive yet. One point that immediately springs to mind is that there's nothing on its worldwide usage - what languages is it available in? are there differences depending which country you are in? There's not much on the history of IE either - there are 6 versions to describe, only the most recent developments are described. How did it come about that IE was launched in 1995? How does it compare to its competitors - is it more flexible/rigid/user-friendly? jguk 11:22, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, I've fixed up the history section with info on each of the versions. The comparison to other competitors, I'm afraid, is fraught with danger as it could be construed as being POV. I don't want to go there, and I don't think its strictly necessary. - Ta bu shi da yu 12:47, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Usage figures are a problem. I don't think there is one universally accepted source of usage figures.  And there is no easy way to determine usage figures anyway.  User agent strings are easily spoofed, download figures mean nothing because you have no way of knowing whether the download is actually installed far less used... AlistairMcMillan 05:27, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Ta bu shi day du rightly notes that an extra section for comparison to competitors would invite POV and instability. Besides, flexibility and user-friendliness are subjective notions. The article already outlines features specific to IE, features it shares with others and features it misses: this is sufficient. Phils 15:16, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. Extremely negative. Pages of speculation about causes of security problems, arbitrary requirements such as a list of "missing features". My TV doesn't wash my dishes - is that a missing feature? This article expresses the opinion that anything less than 100% adherence to web standards is negative, and drives this point home again and again in the "Web standards" section, which is all criticism. Rhobite 02:34, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur with Rhobite. Neutralitytalk 02:36, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Out of interest, which bits are speculation? If I could find out then I'll attempt to resolve these issues. - Ta bu shi da yu 20:35, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * One issue is the tone of the "web standards" section, which uses words such as "fails", "bug", etc. framing the issue to reflect negatively on IE. The security section has a paragraph of speculation on the practice and consequences of logging in as root - I think that whole para needs work (and personally I'm not convinced that most Linux desktop users don't also run as root, or at least use the same password for their root and user accounts). More importantly, root access doesn't mean much in practice - you don't need root access to spread a trojan, for example. It's a red herring. The next paragraph's Apache/IIS ubiquity comparison is also speculation, doesn't belong in an article about IE. COM section: "explosion" = pov language. "Microsoft has recognized the problem with ActiveX" sentence is an exaggeration based on a single old quote. Huge quotes by Ed Felten and the O'Reilly book need to go. For that matter the CERT quote doesn't belong in the article either. I could add three paragraph-long quotes of praise to the article copied verbatim from some MS publication, but let's not go there. The whole COM/ActiveX section is negative - not one mention of how it is actually used in practice. Removing IE paragraph: I know we went through the whole thing with that guy who advocates removing IE.. but 6 paragraphs is a whole lot of article, considering that almost nobody removes IE in practice. HTH. Rhobite 01:36, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you for detailing your objections, Rhobite. As always, these are good to know and perhaps this article does need some more work. I just noticed a disputed tag in the article, so I'm thinking that I need to move this to peer review. I would like to keep this on FAC for the full time period, however, to gather more feedback. I have to do another review of the article and see what I can do. - Ta bu shi da yu 03:04, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object I agree strongly with Rhobite's comments above. There are very negative connotations throughout this article and it needs much attention to make it NPOV. -- 82.3.32.75 21:14, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support Good enough in my opinion Squash 03:38, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object This article is not stable, with numerous changes every week, and frequent accusations of anti-IE bias (often justified, even from my somewhat anti-IE POV). Much of the prose could do with some pounding for readability.  I also agree or partially agree with some of Rhobite's comments above, namely: "missing features", "log in as root" (that's a problem, but a Windows/Windows Apps/Windows Usage problem, not directly an IE problem) "removing IE" (IMO, belongs in the antitrust article, or maybe an article of its own; in any case, six paras here is way too much) "web standards" (IE is the worst of the main browsers, with some really annoying limitations, but it's still pretty good, and a lot better than its contemporaries and immediate predecessors) "COM/ActiveX" (dangerous when misused/abused, but so's a chainsaw).  In general, the whole article devotes lots of verbiage to a few controversial points, while other worthy subjects get minimal space.  For example: IE6 introduced some major improvements to standards support; COM/ActiveX do provide benefits (which may or may not outweigh the problems, but are still worth a mention).  I could add more, but that'll do for now. Blufive 20:45, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Comments.
 * "as of 2004, although nineteen states have agreed to the settlement"
 * How about as of 2005?
 * "Content Advisor for screening out objectionable content by using industry-standard ratings"
 * What industry standard rating systems?
 * Support for vertical text, but in a syntax different from W3C CSS3 candidate recommendation.
 * A link to it perhaps?
 * Missing features:
 * "Full support for the W3C's CSS2 standard."
 * What browser has that? Mozilla at least does not.
 * "Full support for PNG images. IE renders PNG images without alpha channel transparency."
 * As I understand alpha transparency is an optional part of the standard, and therefor you cannot claim that IE does not have 100% support (unless some other part am missing, or I'm wrong) later in the article its stated that they're an optional part of the specification, remove this please.
 * Um... well, it doesn't conform to the full standard. The full standard would also include the optional bits... Ta bu shi da yu 00:38, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If you support a standard minus its optional bits you have full support by definition, they're called optional for a reason, I maintain that IE has 100% PNG support. —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 08:02, 2005 Feb 16 (UTC)
 * "However, Internet Explorer does not conform to several web standards defined by the W3C, and many web developers therefore consider the browser to be hindering further standard-based improvement of web technologies."
 * What does it 100% confirm to?
 * —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 00:17, 2005 Feb 16 (UTC)
 * Object as well. I agree with most of Rhobite's comments. The article has an inherent point of view that is biased against IE. --JuntungWu 16:37, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object because of the reader-unfriendly style of writing. Some examples:
 * Internet Explorer, abbreviated IE or MSIE, is a web browser made by Microsoft and currently available as part of Microsoft Windows - the introductory sentence (indeed the whole paragraph) does not even mention that Windows is a operating system for PCs.
 * The "history" section is to some extent not more than a list of versions and features written in a "...and then ... and then" style. There is not much context to explain what all these buzzwords mean and why this or that technology is relevant. I would expect a history section to tell me things like: Microsoft introduced technology X in 19XX, which caused users to complain about security issues related to Y but gained IE further market share because product Z by company A did not implement a similar feature before 19YY
 * Simply installing and using another browser does not prevent third party programs and core operating system components from using IE libraries - too technical, no link or explanation of what "library" means in this context or what "core operating system components" are. We should be writing for a general readership, so please don't assume technical knowledge on the readers' part.
 * There was an issue that occurred in Internet Explorer 4 where an error message would appear stating that "Explorer caused an invalid page fault in module MSHTML.DLL at 0137:703e34c" when Windows 95 or Windows NT started with the Active Desktop enabled or when Internet Explorer was started. - does this level of technical detail contribute to a reader's grasp of what IE is? Methinks not.
 * Componentized implementation on Windows allows a high level of integration with other applications... - reads rather like bloated marketing-speak. Couldn't we have that clear and concise, please? (BTW, is "componentized" a word of the English language? If it is, it's one of the ugliest I have seen)
 * Internet Explorer was designed with functionality in mind... - more hot air from the marketing department. Kosebamse 20:31, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object The article has been thoroughly raped by proponents of Firefox and other competitors. An example I recently corrected -- like all sections, the JavaScript paragraph had been twisted to make out that MS was trying to 'embrace extend and extinguish' the standard, that MS has unfairly extended the standard, that Microsoft had gone against the W3C spec. The unforgiveable flaw in all this anti-MS ranting was that the author had absolutely no clue about the JavaScript methods in question, and had criticised Internet Explorer for supporting addEventListener, when this is in fact a W3C DOM standard! It beggars belief that such unbalanced and incorrect rubbish is allowed to fester on this page. If only the MS developers would start contributing here and set the record straight, as they have been doing on the IEBlog. --Beachy 00:55, 11 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Given that the standard Beachy is referring to came out in 2000, when Microsoft introduced the JavaScript method in 1998, either Microsoft have access to a time machine (someone needs to notify the authorities) or they weren't following any standard when they introduced this addition to their browser. AlistairMcMillan 01:35, 11 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. With some more cleanups, this article would be great. But currently that is more enough content about the "good" thing of the browser (which personally I can't find any). --minghong 13:54, 11 May 2005 (UTC)
 * If you can't find anything good to say then maybe you should leave editing this article to those who are capable of portraying a balanced view of Internet Explorer? You've certainly contributed more than your fair share of anti-MS negativity to the proceedings. I don't hold anything against you personally and you seem like a very intelligent chap. However, the pro-Firefox agenda you describe in your user page is making your edits here extremely one-sided. --Beachy 17:46, 11 May 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:If Americans Knew

Editors' vote on CAMERA and FAIR
Please only vote if you have have contributed more than once to the article as of March 11, 2009

CAMERA No FAIR Yes StN (talk) 22:52, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Can I vote more than once? IronDuke  23:10, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

CAMERA—No (for reasons stated in section above), FAIR—depends. Presently, the quote is offline so it cannot be verified. MeteorMaker (talk) 05:22, 12 March 2009 (UTC)

Both can be included, with appropriate attribution, and accurate representation of what they say. NoCal100 (talk) 03:12, 16 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Speaking of which, I can't find the quote "selective and biased use and interpretation of information" anywhere in the CAMERA article. MeteorMaker (talk) 16:28, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

I'll vote, based on my edits of the subject in the article and talkpage on March 10; date limit seems pretty arbitrary. CAMERA -No; FAIR - yes, if it can be V'd. CasualObserver'48 (talk) 16:40, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm very sorry, CO, but you don't have franchise here. StN was quite clear about who gets to vote and who doesn't. I'll also say that I, for one, am glad we can settle this with a mindless vote, rather than tiresome discussion and compromise. IronDuke  16:45, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

Well, I certainly have a "franchise" here. CAMERA and FAIR are equally reliable. Jayjg (talk) 23:21, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Jay, if you click on the link for FAIR and see where it leads, there is no byline that I can see, and a disclaimer at the bottom of the page: "FAIR does not endorse every opinion expressed or vouch for facts presented here, except by ourselves." Is the opinion in question even expressed by them? IronDuke  15:10, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

Both FAIR and CAMERA seem to be notable organizations. Both have some degree of bias, so anything they say should be cited as their opinion or the opinion of someone associated with them. --John Nagle (talk) 16:15, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

 * And in this particular case...? IronDuke  16:44, 25 March 2009 (UTC)
 * As Jay quite simply points out, and the reply reinforces, please provide something which notes such a valid temporal or policy reason for your particular limitation of my 'franchise'. CasualObserver'48 (talk) 17:46, 25 March 2009 (UTC)
 * That was a joke, actually. Sorry it wasn't funnier. Did you have a specific reason you liked this specific FAIR cite here? IronDuke  18:57, 25 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Truly, not even close to funny. It is nothing fancy, but it is what that RS says, which is what IAK claims. That FAIR says it is easy to make the case for pro-Israel bias seems important, and largely unacknowledged in the mainstream, although several recent academic works point the same way. I also like their characterization of the other view, being 'usually grounded in terminological quibbles'. That pretty much nails most of CAMERA's output on the head, and a reason for my 'no' on CAMERA. CasualObserver'48 (talk) 01:28, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * But who wrote what you quote? Byline? And what of the dsiclaimer: "FAIR does not endorse every opinion expressed or vouch for facts presented here, except by ourselves." Can you say for certain that the opinion expressed is by FAIR? IronDuke  19:45, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I have no idea, seems too much OR to determine, and for me, it really doesn't matter. What I do know is that FAIR published it, and that is what it says [oops] implies. Might you ask the same question of a simple characterization cited from JVL, or CAMERA? In the real world, would a professor ask to know the specific author of a simple characterization from Britannica or Wikipedia. This section is not rocket science, it is 'praise', and it was only included, as I remember, because the criticism section alone had plummeted from the balance of NPOV, with some editors seemingly giggling with glee as they fell. As to the 'disclaimer', it looks like a typically American CYA catch-all, but since FAIR is generally considered to be 'pro-Palestinian' also, I doubt they really disagree, if that is your concern. I know I didn't answer your specific questions, but I don't have them. CasualObserver'48 (talk) 01:08, 27 March 2009 (UTC)
 * The disclaimer is indeed, quite troubling. If FAIR does not stand behind what it publishes on its website, or vouch for the "facts presented here", then it considerably reduces its value as a Reliable Source. Jayjg (talk) 01:29, 27 March 2009 (UTC)
 * "I have no idea..." I think you should have an idea before weighing in here. You are now !voting to include a cite whose validity you've no real sense of. IronDuke  02:56, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
 * The website allows anonymous browsers to post comments. So what the disclaimer means is basically: "FAIR does endorse every opinion expressed or vouch for facts presented there by themselves but if some random loon posts a comment it's not our fault." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.8.60.179 (talk) 01:35, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Any evidence to support this assertion? IronDuke  02:54, 28 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Well, the disclaimer supports that assertion. Try reading it. For the hard of thinking, here it is again with the relevant bits either in bold or struck out and an additional sentence that you've curiously left out for some reason. "FAIR's blog spotlights some of the more interesting media criticism and media news we've seen on the Web lately--as well as recent reporting that we thought merited comment. We don't endorse every opinion expressed or vouch for the facts presented, except by ourselves. Not all outlets archive material indefinitely, so some links may have expired. Registration may be required by some news sites." They're not talking about their website, reports or studies as a whole, they're talking about their blog 86.8.60.179 (talk) 15:53, 28 March 2009 (UTC)

The praise of IAK on FAIR's website was listed as one of its Media Views. As stated on the page that describes "Media Views": "Media Views was FAIR's annotated newswire - a forum for featuring interesting media criticism, media news and reporting that we thought merited comment. The Media Views format is now retired. FAIR will continue to post analysis and critique, information on breaking stories, news updates, criticism, commentary and more on the FAIR Blog. Click here to join in the conversation. Our past collection of Media Views will remain as an archived resource on this website." The "we" and "our' unambiguously refer to FAIR. These are FAIR's views. That is, they are views that FAIR endorses.StN (talk) 05:48, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
 * That sounds like FAIR 'claiming', rather than the expressed concerns about 'disclaiming'. Sounds good enough to me. CasualObserver'48 (talk) 07:25, 28 March 2009 (UTC)

Positions
There is an excessively long excerpt in the Positions paragraph that is hardly encyclopedic. This needs to be re-written in an acceptable manner. Best Wishes AnkhMorpork (talk) 12:33, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

Applause at a speech
The last paragraph of the praise section is a bit strange - it states that Weir received applause after giving a speech at a public library in Connecticut. Is this really encyclopedic? Does it really provide any information to the reader? I really don't understand why we're including this. GabrielF (talk) 04:00, 12 December 2012 (UTC)

Concerns about unbalanced accusations against living person
I visited this page after seeing how unbalanced and unprofessional the page on Alison Weir was. I was horrified to see that any old accusation can be included without any refutation, response or balance, but was heartened to see that this can be put right. An editor is persisting in putting in quotes with no balancing information. The first quote, for example, makes accusations that are countered by a leading world expert in that field. That editor has also several times thrown out personal accusations at me. It seems to me that we should be talking about edits, citations and facts, not trying to attack editors. The person accused me of threatening editors when I pointed out that material was potentially defamatory against a living person. I think that should be a relevant concern to raise. My understanding is that even quoting or republishing potentially defamatory material is potentially defamatory itself. At the very least, the spirit of fairness requires that a response or counter viewpoint be given. Similarly, the second quote includes all kinds of accusations about all kinds of authors (and wier), based solely on the (marginal) source's assertion, without providing any further support or any response from or on behalf of those authors. That seems appallingly unbalanced, unprofessional and inappropriate to me. [Pardon if this should have a section header?]SM-Mara (talk) 15:57, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * When "professional" editors meet volunteers and amateurs, there is always going to be a clash of styles. :)
 * Since Alison Weir's goal in life is to influence the political, cultural, ideological and emotional relationship between the American people and the Israeli people, it is of utter interest to point out that she has recommended the works and opinions of notorious anti-Semites and neo-Nazis like "Shamir" and Atzmon and that she has been publicly criticized for it.
 * --Edelseider (talk) 19:07, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

Not sure what you are trying to imply with the "professional" comment, but I'm getting tired of your personal insults. Please stop. I have asked you repeatedly and will complain further.

I hope that most wikipedia folks are not fans of the idea of banning or outlawing speech, is that what you are advocating here?SM-Mara (talk) 19:13, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

I have serious concerns with two quotes that Edelseider keeps inserting into the article, which introduce very serious, damaging and possibly defamatory allegations against at least five authors. If these are included, I would argue forcefully that they require balancing information. That may mean long sections on each topic and may or may not be worth the space. The article should probably remain brief. However, it may be appropriate to include them if balancing information and additional evidence/citations are provided...

The quotes are these:

1. Socialist activist Andy Newman, in an Op-ed in The Guardian, stated that "an article by Alison Weir... defends the unsubstantiated and implausible claims made by the Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet about Israeli soldiers murdering Palestinians in Gaza to harvest their organs. Weir implied, with no evidence, that Israel is at the centre of international organ smuggling. She then explicitly argued that the medieval "blood libel" – that Jews kill Christian children – has a basis in fact."[31] The 'Aftonbladet claims' refer to Donald Boström's accusations of Israeli organ harvesting.

In fact, Weir's articles cite Nancy Scheper-Hughes, professor of medical anthropology at University of California, Berkeley and director of Organ Watch - a leading expert in that field. It makes no sense that "socialist activist Andy Newman" should be cited as the only expert on whether the allegations about organ trafficking had merit, while Scheper-Hughes, a leading expert, should be ignored. Similarly, the articles also do not argue that "Jews kill Christian children" but reports on a controversy brewing in Israeli media at the time.

If this quote from Andy Newman is included, balance would require that quotes or facts from the actual articles be included too, as well any available response or refutation to Newman's accusations.

2. Anti-fascist researcher Spencer Sunshine writes "IAK’s criticisms of Zionism and Israel dovetail with traditional antisemitic narratives, and Weir often cites antisemitic writers and publications as her sources. When asked if the work of antisemitic authors including Israel Shamir, Gilad Atzmon, and Kevin MacDonald were truly legitimate, she replied, “Yes. I suggest people read their work for themselves.”"[32]

Simply quoting these accusations from a marginal writer is inadequate. This statement makes allegations about Weir and three other authors, who are probably all living persons (I'd have to check that out, not really familiar with them). If it's going to be included it needs more support and balance. It's absurdly inappropriate to just repeat such damaging allegations against so many people without giving a chance for each to be fairly addressed. Specifically, to include this quote in an appropriately balanced fashion would require that the section also:

 * demonstrate that each of the three additional authors cited is "antisemitic" (evidence)
 * include those authors' response or any response/refutation by other commentators defending them (balance)
 * prove that Weir unconditionally recommended their work, including whatever work might be proven antisemitic (evidence) (The quote above doesn't prove that to me as such, since recommending people read an author for themselves doesn't necessarily connote approval of everything they've written)
 * prove that whatever work was demonstrably antisemitic had been published before Weir's alleged recommendation (evidence)
 * include any response by Weir or on her behalf to Sunshine's allegation (balance)

Accomplishing all of that seems to me quite a digression for this article and I believe this quote is inappropriate for this reason. Perhaps a better thing to include would be a quote directly from Weir recommending certain authors and a balanced reference to whatever criticism/support there may be of the author.SM-Mara (talk) 05:27, 3 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I think you have a fundamental misunderstanding of what Wikipedia is, so I suggest you read WP:VNT. The onus here is on you; unless you have prove that the sources used in the part of the article you dislike are unreliable, then you have no leg to stand on.142.105.159.60 (talk) 16:47, 3 June 2016 (UTC)
 * On this general point, I cannot agree. Articles, especially where they mention living people, must not just use content based on reliable sources, they must also adhere to neutral point of view and other policies and guidelines. MPS1992 (talk) 19:46, 3 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I fail to see the lack of neutrality on this article. Weir endorsed book by known anti-semites, and we have a source stating this.142.105.159.60 (talk) 01:01, 4 June 2016 (UTC)

@Only in death & @MPS1992 -- If neutral point of view and conservative approach in applying labels like "racist" or "anti-Semite" are called for, should someone remove the Spencer Sunshine quote from this article OR add some kind of additional sourcing and response to balance it? It is, after all, making extreme allegations about four (living?) people. To user 142.105.159.60, I can't see that the quote provided demonstrates that Weir "endorsed" these books, as the quote to me sounds like simply saying people should read the works for themselves, i.e., free speech -- leaving aside for the moment the repeated allegation that these authors are antisemitic. Thanks.SM-Mara (talk) 01:44, 4 June 2016 (UTC)

Third Opinion
A Third Opinion has been requested. I count at least three registered editors and an unregistered editor who have offered comments. The unregistered editor may be one of the registered editors logged out (if so, please remember to log in; if not, you are advised and welcomed to create an account). In any case, this dispute is not eligible for a Third Opinion; there are already at least three opinions. If the editors wish to resolve this collaboratively, they may request moderated dispute resolution at the dispute resolution noticeboard. Robert McClenon (talk) 16:35, 4 June 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on If Americans Knew. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070206153630/http://www.adl.org/main_Israel/wheels_of_justice.htm to http://www.adl.org/main_Israel/wheels_of_justice.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081203080916/http://www.adl.org/Israel/anti_israel/alison_weir/anti-Semitism.asp?m_flipmode=3 to http://www.adl.org/Israel/anti_israel/alison_weir/anti-Semitism.asp?m_flipmode=3
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120119043047/http://www.adl.org/main_Anti_Israel/cni.htm to http://www.adl.org/main_Anti_Israel/cni.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:30, 15 December 2017 (UTC)

Bad sourcing
I'm very confused about the claim that the renowned institution "If Americans Know" "has been denounced as antisemitic by both pro- and anti-Israel groups." I have never read anything by any decent human being criticizing the organization.

This claim appears to be sourced to an opinion piece by the extreme zionist Yair Rosenberg, who has frequently praised the slaughter of Palestinian civilians, in the zionist tabloid 'Tablet Mag'. This is far from a reliable source. Muhammed Ali Khan (talk) 07:40, 11 September 2022 (UTC)

EI may be aboutself
While it is currently subject to an RfC and my edit was reverted after it was reopened, I think an argument could be made for inclusion, as the author is also the founder of the org, so I think it can remain unless someone objects FortunateSons (talk) 15:22, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:If Americans Knew


text:
Conduct Unbecoming: Gays and Lesbians in the U.S. Military

Conduct Unbecoming: Lesbians and Gays in the U.S. Military from Vietnam to the Persian Gulf War is a 1993 book by American journalist Randy Shilts, in which the author traces the participation of gay and lesbian personnel from the Revolutionary War to the late 20th century.

The book was well received in a review in the Los Angeles Times which described it as "gripping reading" and "an irrefutable indictment of unconscionable government behavior in a cause that the military seems still unable to explain". The historian Lillian Faderman called the book "famous" in The Gay Revolution: The Story of the Struggle (2015).


text:
Talk:Irish syntax

Untitled
I have started moving information from my webpage at, where I can no longer edit it, to Wikipedia. This is my own work, so there are no copyvio problems. --Angr 10:59, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

using the copula, as seen in examples (78) to (85) Just a note to to point out (I realize this is work in progress) that there are no numbered examples in the article (which is excellent, btw) as it stands at present. -- Picapica 12:28, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I fixed it, though you could have fixed it too! ;-) --Angr/undefined 04:53, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Didn't want to provoke any righteous angr -- in case it was all part of some subtle plan to introduce numbered examples gradually... ;) -- Picapica 09:51, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Is it possible to get a direct translation of the phrases in the "Questions an answers" section as well? --Blackfield 13:20, 4 April 2006 (UTC)

I have now registered on Wikipedia. I am the person who explained about palatal nasals to you recently on the Irish language thread. I am reluctant to edit Irish syntax, because it is all your own work and would not exist without you. There are things that could be put in: verbal nouns with a pronoun object, eg táim á dhéanamh, I am doing it (eg making the dinner), ''cé a bhí ag oscailt na fuinneoige? Bhí Tadhg á hoscailt'', who was opening the window? Tadhg was opening it. Also these verbal nouns with pronoun object can be passive in meaning: tá an dinnéar á dhéanamh, the dinner is being made. Níl an Ghaelainn á foghlaim anso, Irish is not being learnt here. So I will leave you to decide whether to put this in - it is possibly an area of grammar that confuses many people and would help people if included. You say is, the copula is a particle. You could argue that it functions in a particle-like way, but it is a verb. It is directly etymologically related to is in English, es in Spanish and est in French. I suppose it doesn't hurt to call it a particle, but correctly speaking is is a verb, but after the particles ní and an it gets deleted (thus proving there is a difference between particle and verb). I am wondering where you are getting some of this from. What about the copula for topicalization: is é Tadhg a bhí ann? The above example with opening the window could be is é Tadhg a bhí á hoscailt etc. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Djronnqvist (talk • contribs) 08:09, 7 July 2008 (UTC)

Oh,you've already got topicalization covered. I am sorry, I started discussing the page before finishing reading it. Djronnqvist (talk) 08:11, 7 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Yeah, there's a lot that could be added to this page. Be bold! —Angr 21:29, 7 July 2008 (UTC)

-

"The predicate of the copula can also be an adjective, and the subject is then a definite noun."

I find that misleading, for the sample given. In 'is deas an lá é', the predicate is 'deas an lá' together, with 'é' being the subject. It's a way to emphasize the adjective -- 'It's a *nice* day' (as opposed to a bad one). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:306:BC64:B300:7C54:BCEA:157A:540A (talk) 22:16, 11 August 2017 (UTC)

No Yes and No?! What?
I find it unusual to say that there is no Yes ans No in Irish, even though there is.

Yes = Tá/Sea and No is Níl. --Kei_Jo (Talk to me baby! :þ) 13:09, 8 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Tá and 'S ea mean "Is" or "are" and Níl means "Is not" or "are not". They are often Used as a positive response to questions starting with Bí (An bhfuil, An raibh etc) or Is (an), but they don't mean "yes" or "no". In response to a question with a different verb, such as "An bhfaca tú é", you'd answer "Chonaic" or "Ní fhaca", NOT Tá or 'S ea or Níl. The response to a yes/no question with any verb except Bí and Is is a repetition of the verb used in the question.Comhreir (talk) 15:13, 8 November 2009 (UTC)

The first part of this is all wrong.

Sea and tá would never be used to answer a question starting with an raibh, for instance; you would use 'bhí' or 'ní raibh' instead. And other tá nor níl would ever be used to answer a question in the copula. Sea wouldn't be used in the conditional/past tense of the copula. Sea is used as an attention marker nowadays, something it shares with English 'yeah', but it far from being a general 'yes' and doesn't appear as 'yes' outside of a positive answer to an indefinite copula question (an Francach é?), as definite ones (an é an francac é) use a different form (is é/í, ní hé/hí, pronounced sé, sí), as do ones that stress the adjective: 'an deas an lá é' -- is deas. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:306:BC64:B300:7C54:BCEA:157A:540A (talk) 22:14, 11 August 2017 (UTC)

Syntax question

I've got a question about the Irish Syntax. How would a sentence in the past tense look in a constituent grammar structure?

title: Talk:Irish syntax


text:
WashAndGo

WashAndGo may refer to:

 * A shampoo produced by Vidal Sassoon
 * A computer program for Microsoft Windows by Abelssoft to remove garbage and unneeded files, see WashAndGo (software)

title: WashAndGo


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anorexorcists

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 20:02, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Anorexorcists
Non-noteable band. A google search didn't bring up any results about them.--Kross 11:00, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. What he said. There's been quite a bit of stuff like this lately, and we have a rule, so shouldn't we display it somewhere, or have we already done so? -- Kizor 11:20, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Notice how they made articles in 4 languages. That's how I found it (through Russian wikipedia - it was really their mistake, we don't have many bands here :) ). Grue 21:02, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Self promotion. Only 3 google hits. --jag123 21:11, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, band vanity. Megan1967 23:47, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, harmless self-promotion. Wyss 02:06, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for not meeting WikiProject:Music's guidelines for inclusion. Tuf-Kat 03:59, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.