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Randy Cunneyworth

Randy William Cunneyworth (born May 10, 1961) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, former AHL head coach, NHL head coach and assistant coach, as well as a pro scout, and player development coach spanning nearly 40 years.

Cunneyworth recently served as a player development coach with the Buffalo Sabres organization. He played professionally in the National Hockey League (NHL) and American Hockey League (AHL) in a twenty-year career; his coaching résumé includes a brief stint as interim head coach of the NHL's Montreal Canadiens. He had long stints as both a player and coach of the AHL's Rochester Americans. Cunneyworth was born in Etobicoke, Ontario, but grew up in Mississauga, Ontario.

Playing career
As a youth, Cunneyworth played in the 1974 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Mississauga.

Mississauga Reps Midgets (1977-78)
Cunneyworth played one season of Midget hockey for the Mississauga Reps of the former Metro Toronto Hockey League (GTHL).

Dixie Beehives (1978–1979)
A 10th-round selection (129th overall) in the 1978 OHL Midget Draft, Cunneyworth suited up for his first year of junior hockey with the Dixie Beehives of the former OPJHL (now OJHL). As a 17-year-old rookie, Cunneyworth scored 17 goals and 14 assists in 41 games.

Ottawa 67's (1979–1981)
After a strong showing with Dixie, Cunneyworth began his major junior hockey career with the Ottawa 67's of the Ontario Hockey League in the 1979–80 season, where in 63 games, he scored 16 goals and 41 points, helping the club into the playoffs. In 11 playoff games, Cunneyworth recorded an assist. Following the season, Cunneyworth was chosen in the eighth round, 167th overall, by general manager Scotty Bowman of the Buffalo Sabres in the 1980 NHL Entry Draft.

He returned to the Ottawa 67's for the 1980–81 season and led his team in scoring with 54 goals and 128 points in 67 games, as well as leading with 240 penalty minutes. In the playoffs, Cunneyworth appeared in 15 games, scoring five goals and 13 points.

Buffalo Sabres and Rochester Americans (1980–1985)
Cunneyworth appeared in one game with the AHL affiliate, the Rochester Americans in the 1980–81 season, where he earned an assist. He was called up to the Sabres from Ottawa on March 1, 1981 by Sabres GM Scotty Bowman and played in his first NHL game vs the Boston Bruins in Boston 1980–81, where he was held off the scoresheet. He rejoined the Sabres for the post-season along with other prospects following the end of the OHA playoffs, but did not play in any games.

Cunneyworth suffered a serious eye injury (a Barry Melrose high stick) during a September 1981 preseason game at Toronto, and missed the remainder of the preseason. Cunneyworth began the season with Buffalo. During the 1981–82 season, he appeared in 20 games, scoring two goals and six points. He played primarily on the CPR (Canadian Pacific Railroad) line with young teammates Steve Patrick and Lindy Ruff. This nickname was given to the trio by then-Sabres assistant coach Nick Polano. Cunneyworth earned his first NHL assist on October 7, 1981 against the Washington Capitals. He scored his first NHL goal against the Rangers at Madison Square Garden on 11-11-81 in New York against goalie Steve Weeks. Cunneyworth was reassigned to the Sabres affiliate in Rochester in late November. He spent the rest of the 1981–82 season with the Rochester Americans, playing in 57 games, scoring 12 goals and 27 points. Cunneyworth spent the playoffs with Rochester, scoring four goals in nine games, as the Americans lost to the Binghamton Whalers in the South Division finals.

Cunneyworth spent the entire 1982–83 season with the Mike Keenan-coached Rochester Americans. He appeared in 78 games scoring 23 goals and 56 points. In 16 playoff games, Cunneyworth had four goals and eight points, helping the Americans win the 1983 Calder Cup Championship defeating the Maine Mariners.

Cunneyworth spent another full season in the American Hockey League in the 1983–84 season with Rochester, scoring 18 goals and 35 points in 65 games, and once again helping the Americans reach the playoffs. In 17 post-season games, Cunneyworth scored five goals and 10 points, as Rochester lost to the Maine Mariners in the 1984 Calder Cup finals.

During the 1984-85 Buffalo Sabres preseason, Cunneyworth scored 3 goals and had an assist in 4 exhibition games. He was also among the leading scorers in inter-squad scrimmages but failed to secure a roster spot. The 1984–85 season would be Cunneyworth's third full season with the Americans playing in 72 games for Rochester, scoring 30 goals and 68 points to finish third in team scoring. In five playoff games, Cunneyworth had two goals and three points, as the Americans fell to the Baltimore Skipjacks in the first round of the playoffs.

Cunneyworth and teammate Ted Nolan began using local Rochester businessman Steve Bartlett as their representative/agent.

Although offered a contract, Cunneyworth elected not to re-sign with the Sabres organization, although the team held his rights. Cunneyworth was granted permission by Sabres GM Scotty Bowman to attend the Pittsburgh Penguins training camp/preseason roster. On October 4, 1985, following the pre-season tryout, Bowman traded Cunneyworth and Mike Moller to the Pittsburgh Penguins for Pat Hughes.

Pittsburgh Penguins (1985–1989)
Cunneyworth returned to the NHL for the 1985–86 as a full-time player with the Pittsburgh Penguins. In 75 games, Cunneyworth scored 15 goals and 45 points to finish sixth in team scoring, as Pittsburgh missed the playoffs by two points, finishing in fifth place in the Patrick Division. He was still classified as an NHL rookie for the season.

In 1986–87, Cunneyworth improved his offensive numbers, scoring 26 goals and 53 points in 79 games to finish third in team scoring behind Mario Lemieux and Dan Quinn, however, the Penguins failed to qualify for the playoffs again, finishing in fifth place, four points out of the postseason. Cunneyworth scored a hat trick in the season opener on October 9, 1986 vs Washington, and had a four-goal game at Quebec on March 3, 1987. He recorded 11 multiple-point games. At season's end, he was the Penguins' nominee for the Masterton Trophy.

The 1987–88 season would be the best offensive season of Cunneyworth's career, as he scored 35 goals and 74 points in 71 games, finishing an impressive third in scoring behind Lemieux and Quinn. However, the Penguins once again failed to qualify for the playoffs, finishing in last place in the Patrick Division despite a 36–35–9 record. Though he was considered, Cunneyworth was not selected by Wales Conference Coach Mike Keenan for the NHL All-Star Game, though his point totals ranked among the league leaders for his position at midseason. Cunneyworth missed 8 regular season games from January 16-30 due to an NHL suspension (5 games for a stick incident vs Boston on December 29, and 3 games for a match penalty during a fight with Steve Konroyd vs the NY Islanders on January 12). He recorded 20 multiple-point games, and scored 14 power-play goals.

In 1988, Cunneyworth joined Paul Coffey as one of the team's alternate captains. Playing primarily on the team's second line, he still managed 25 goals and 44 points in 70 games. He was shifted to right wing late in the season in order to create a solid second line for the upcoming playoff run. In 11 playoff games, Cunneyworth scored three goals and eight points, as Pittsburgh lost to the Philadelphia Flyers in seven games in the Patrick Division final. For the first time, Cunneyworth's name appeared on the NHL all-star ballot for left wingers.

Cunneyworth recorded a career game-high 27 minutes in penalties in a game played February 11, 1989 at Quebec, where he was involved in two on-ice fights versus Marc Fortier and Darrin Kimble during a line brawl. Cunneyworth also left the penalty box during the altercation to aid teammate John Cullen. After throwing a punch at Nordiques rookie Joe Sakic, Cunneyworth engaged Kimble in a fight and was head-butted by Kimble. Cunneyworth missed part of the season when he was hit with a shot by Paul Coffey during a Penguins practice on January 24, 1989.

On June 17, 1989, the Penguins traded Cunneyworth, Rick Tabaracci, and Dave McLlwain to the Winnipeg Jets for Jim Kyte, Andrew McBain, and Randy Gilhen.

Winnipeg Jets (1989)
Cunneyworth began the 1989–90 season with the Winnipeg Jets, where he played in 28 games for the Jets, scoring five goals and 11 points. Cunneyworth's name appeared on the NHL All-Star ballot for left wingers. He played primarily on a line with Jets captain Dale Hawerchuk and Greg Paslawski.

On December 13, 1989, Winnipeg traded Cunneyworth to the Hartford Whalers for Paul MacDermid.

Hartford Whalers (1989–1994)
Cunneyworth finished the 1989–90 season with the Hartford Whalers, where in 43 games, he scored nine goals and 18 points, helping the Whalers qualify for the playoffs. In four playoff games, Cunneyworth was held pointless, as the Whalers lost to the Boston Bruins in the Adams Division semi-finals.

Cunneyworth suffered through an injury-plagued 1990–91 season (broken leg/ankle injuries) after being hit by an Ulf Samuelsson shot during Hartford's December 21, 1990 game at Montreal. Appearing in only 32 games for the Whalers, he scored nine goals and 14 points, as the team reached the playoffs once again. Cunneyworth played in only one playoff game, getting no points, as the Whalers were once again eliminated by the Boston Bruins in the first round.

In a preseason game, Cunneyworth recorded a third-period hat trick. Injuries continued to take a toll during the 1991–92 season (ankle injury/back strains), as Cunneyworth played in 39 games with Hartford, scoring seven goals and 17 points, helping the Whalers reach the playoffs for the third consecutive season. In seven playoff games, Cunneyworth had three goals (tied for team lead) as Hartford lost to the Montreal Canadiens in the first round of the postseason.

A healthier Cunneyworth, playing under coach Paul Holmgren in 1992–93, saw spot duty and was often a healthy scratch. In 39 games, he scored five goals and nine points, as Hartford failed to reach the playoffs. He earned 27 minutes in penalties in a game against Pittsburgh on December 4, 1993, in which Cunneyworth instigated a line brawl that featured a fight between Cunneyworth and Markus Näslund.

In 1993–94, playing full-time under new coach Pierre McGuire, Cunneyworth appeared in 63 games with Hartford, scoring nine goals and 17 points. On March 11, 1994, with the Whalers well out of the playoff hunt, Whalers GM Paul Holmgren traded Cunneyworth, Gary Suter, and the Whalers third-round pick in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft to the Chicago Blackhawks for Frantisek Kucera and Jocelyn Lemieux.

Chicago Blackhawks (1994)
Cunneyworth finished the 1993–94 season with the Chicago Blackhawks, where in 16 games, he scored four goals and seven points, as the Blackhawks made the playoffs as the sixth seed in the Western Conference. Cunneyworth played in six playoff games with Chicago, getting no points, as the Blackhawks lost to the Toronto Maple Leafs in the first round of the postseason. He played in the last NHL game ever in Chicago Stadium.

After the season, Cunneyworth elected to pursue free agency. On July 15, 1994, he signed a contract with the Ottawa Senators.

Ottawa Senators (1994–1998)
Due to the 1994–95 NHL lockout, the 1994–95 season was shortened to 48 games. Cunneyworth was named the new Senators team captain prior to the start of the season, Cunneyworth appeared in every game during the season. He scored five goals and ten points. The team finished in last place in the NHL. Was the Senators nominee for the King Clancy Award (Leadership and Dedication to the Game)

Cunneyworth had a very solid 1995–96 NHL season with Ottawa, playing in 81 games, scoring 17 goals and 36 points, his highest totals since the 1988–89 season. The Senators once again failed to reach the playoffs, finishing in last place in the league. Cunneyworth had a four-point game February 26, 1996 at St. Louis.

Cunneyworth had another solid season in 1996–97, playing in 76 games for the Senators. He scored 12 goals and 36 points, as he helped the club qualify for the playoffs for the first time in team history, as Ottawa finished in seventh place in the Eastern Conference. He suffered a broken cheekbone during a February 28 game in a fight with Islanders Rich Pilon. In the post-season, Cunneyworth had a goal and two points in seven games, as the Senators lost to the Buffalo Sabres in the first round.

Cunneyworth saw his offensive numbers drop in the 1997–98 season, as he scored two goals and 13 points in 71 games, as Ottawa once again reached the playoffs. In the postseason, Cunneyworth had an assist in six games, as the Senators lost to the Washington Capitals in the Eastern Conference semi-finals.

After four seasons with the Senators, Cunneyworth was given his release by newly hired GM Rick Dudley and became a free agent, and on August 27, 1998, he signed with the Buffalo Sabres.

Buffalo Sabres & Rochester Americans (1998–2000)
On August 27, 1998, Cunneyworth returned to his first NHL team, the Buffalo Sabres, for the 1998–99 season signing as a free agent. He appeared in 14 games with the Sabres, scoring two goals and four points including the game-winning goal at Vancouver on February 11, 1999. Cunneyworth played in three playoff games for the Sabres, all in the 1999 Stanley Cup Finals, as Buffalo lost to the Dallas Stars. He spent the majority of the season with the Rochester Americans of the AHL, as Cunneyworth suited up for 52 games with the Americans, scoring 10 goals and 28 points while serving as a player/assistant coach. In 20 playoff games, Cunneyworth had three goals and 17 points, as Rochester lost to the Providence Bruins in the 1999 Calder Cup Finals. He played on the Americans' top line with Dominic Pittis and Craig Fisher.

Cunneyworth returned to the Americans for the 1999–2000 season once again as a player/assistant coach. He played in 52 games with Rochester, scoring eight goals and 24 points. Cunneyworth was named captain of Team Canada for the 2000 Kodak AHL All-Star Classic. On February 18, 2000, Cunneyworth suffered a season-ending knee injury in a game against the Quebec Citadelles. He missed the rest of the season and playoffs, where the Americans lost to the Hartford Wolf Pack in the 2000 Calder Cup Finals.

Cunneyworth was the recipient of the AHL's Fred T. Hunt Memorial Award. This award honors the player that best exemplifies the qualities of sportsmanship, determination, and dedication to hockey.

On September 8, 2000, Cunneyworth officially announced his retirement from playing hockey and was named the new head coach of the Rochester Americans by Sabres GM Darcy Regier.

Rochester Americans (1999–2008) (first stint)
During both years as a player with the Rochester Americans, the Buffalo Sabres' AHL affiliate, Cunneyworth acted as a player-assistant coach during the 1999–2000 AHL season under head coach Brian McCutcheon. After the 1999–2000 season, Cunneyworth retired from being an active player and was named the head coach of the club by Sabres GM Darcy Regier.

In his first season as head coach with the team in 2000–01, Cunneyworth led the club to a 46–22–9–3 record, getting 104 points, and first place in the Mid-Atlantic Division. In the playoffs, the Americans were upset by the Philadelphia Phantoms in four games in the first round.

In the 2001–02, the Americans slumped to a 32–30–15–3 record, earning 82 points and ninth place in the Western Conference. Cunneyworth was fined by the league for throwing a water bottle at referee Chris Rooney due to a disputed goal call vs Syracuse. The Americans qualified for a best-of-three qualifying series with the eighth-seeded Philadelphia Phantoms. The Americans were then swept in two games, missing the post-season.

The Americans had another mediocre season in 2002–03, as the team finished the season with a 31–30–14–5 record, getting 81 points, and tenth place in the Western Conference. The Americans faced the seventh place Milwaukee Admirals for a best-of-three qualifying series, and Milwaukee won the series two games to one to eliminate the Americans from post-season play.

Rochester improved during the 2003–04 season, earning a record of 37–28–10–5, recording 89 points and third place in the North Division. In the playoffs, the Americans defeated the Syracuse Crunch and Hamilton Bulldogs before losing to the Milwaukee Admirals in the Western Conference finals.

In 2004–05, Rochester won the Macgregor Kilpatrick Trophy, as the Americans had the best record in the AHL with a 51–19–6–4 record, earning 112 points. The Americans swept the Hamilton Bulldogs in the first round of the playoffs, however, Rochester was upset by the Manitoba Moose in the second round to end their season. Cunneyworth was awarded with the Louis A.R. Pieri Memorial Award as the AHL's Coach of the Year.

In the 2005–06, the Americans became the AHL affiliate of both the Buffalo Sabres and Florida Panthers. The team struggled, finishing under .500 for the first time since Cunneyworth became the head coach, as Rochester went 37–39–2–2 for 78 points, fifth in the North Division, missing the playoffs.

The Americans rebounded in the 2006–07 season, earning a record of 48–30–1–1, registering 98 points, and second place in the North Division. In the playoffs, Rochester lost to the Hamilton Bulldogs in the first round.

In 2007–08, the Americans struggled, going only 24–46–6–4, earning 58 points, which was the worst record in the league. On July 24, 2008, Cunneyworth left his position as head coach of the Americans to take an assistant coaching job with the Atlanta Thrashers.

Atlanta Thrashers (2008–2010)
Cunneyworth joined new Atlanta Thrashers head coach John Anderson as an assistant coach for the 2008–09 season. In his first season with the Thrashers, the team finished with a 35–41–6 record, getting 76 points, well out of a playoff position.

In 2009–10, the Thrashers improved to a 35–34–13 record, earning 83 points, however, the club finished out of the playoffs once again. On April 14, 2010, Atlanta's newly hired general manager Rick Dudley fired Anderson and all of his assistant coaches, including Randy Cunneyworth. After the firing, Dudley was asked if Cunneyworth could possibly return to the team and responded, "I'm not going to commit to (looking at Cunneyworth). Randy was an assistant coach here and he's a guy I have a great deal of affection for. But, I'm not going to get into who is on the list."

Hamilton Bulldogs (2010–2011)
On July 20, 2010, Pierre Gauthier, the GM of the Montreal Canadiens hired Cunneyworth to be the head coach of their AHL affiliate, the Hamilton Bulldogs. In his first season with the club in 2010–11, Cunneyworth led the Bulldogs to an impressive 44–27–2–7 record, getting 97 points and first place in the North Division. In the post-season, he led the club to series victories over the Oklahoma City Barons and Manitoba Moose before losing to the Houston Aeros in the Western Conference finals.

On July 22, 2011, the Canadiens added Cunneyworth to their NHL assistant coaching staff.

Montreal Canadiens (2011–2012)
Cunneyworth began the 2011–12 season as an assistant coach to head coach Jacques Martin on the Montreal Canadiens. On December 17, 2011, the Canadiens fired Martin and named Cunneyworth the interim head coach. Cunneyworth's promotion caused minor controversy because at the time he only spoke English. The last full-time Canadiens coach who did not speak French at all was Al MacNeil in 1971, and he was dismissed at the conclusion of that season despite coaching the underdog team to the Stanley Cup. As a result of Cunneyworth becoming head coach, several Quebec nationalist groups called for a boycott of Molson. In response, Canadiens owner Geoff Molson promised that Cunneyworth's permanent replacement would be bilingual. Quebec Culture Minister Christine St-Pierre said she expected the Canadiens to rectify the situation as soon as possible. Cunneyworth himself had promised to learn French during the season. In contrast to Quebec nationalists, most regular fans were not bothered by this issue, as "a common refrain heard in Montreal is that fans would be willing to support the hiring of a coach who can't speak French if it were someone like the accomplished Mike Babcock, or local hero Kirk Muller" (indeed, no such controversy occurred when Muller was interim head coach on August 13, 2020). The Canadiens were also criticized for failing to defend their interim head coach against the attacks from Quebec nationalists and politicians, as it "is not Cunneyworth’s fault that he speaks only English. He’s working to change that" and he continued to be professional when this issue came up during press conferences.

On January 7, 2012, during a game against the Tampa Bay Lightning, a protest was held outside of the Bell Centre. Cunneyworth's final game of the 2011–12 season rewarded his efforts with a 4 – 1 victory over the Toronto Maple Leafs. That game saw forward Tomáš Plekanec score a rare 3-on-5 shorthanded goal; a feat which had not been accomplished in 25 years by a fellow Hab. On May 2, 2012, Cunneyworth was returned to his former position as assistant coach by new Canadiens general manager and former Cunneyworth teammate Marc Bergevin. However, only a month later, on June 6, Cunneyworth was fired by new coach Michel Therrien.

Rochester Americans (2015–16)
On July 28, 2015 Buffalo Sabres general manager Tim Murray promoted Cunneyworth from the position of player development coach with the Sabres to the position of Head coach of the Rochester Americans, his second stint as head coach. On February 19, 2016, a 2-1 OT win vs Portland, Cunneyworth passed John Van Boxmeer for first in Amerks history in all-time games coached with game 691. On March 24, 2016, a 6-5 OT win vs St. Johns, Cunneyworth became the Rochester Americans all-time winningest coach passing John Van Boxmeer with win number 338. The 2015-16 Americans failed to reach the postseason.

In a staff reorganization, Cunneyworth returned to his previous position in the Sabres' player development program after Dan Lambert was hired as head coach of the Americans on May 16, 2016.

Buffalo Sabres - scout/player development (2013–2017)
On November 2, 2013, Sabres general manager Darcy Regier hired Cunneyworth as a professional scout for the Sabres. His position would also include special assignments as prescribed by the Sabres front office. He was heavily rumored to be a possible replacement for then-struggling rookie Sabres head coach Ron Rolston.

On January 8, 2014, Cunneyworth was promoted to special assistant and player development coach/administrator of the AHL's Rochester Americans by the newly-hired Sabres president of hockey operations Pat Lafontaine. Cunneyworth would also work directly with Sabres interim head coach Ted Nolan in ensuring operational continuity between the Sabres and their AHL affiliate in Rochester. This would include coaching systems and strategies. According to Lafontaine, "This is an exciting opportunity to fully utilize all of Randy’s expertise as a hockey coach and mentor, Randy will work to ensure that the link between the Sabres and Amerks grows even stronger."

In the summer of 2014, Cunneyworth was a candidate for the position of head coach with the Ottawa 67's. On August 21, 2014, Cunneyworth was promoted to the position of Buffalo Sabres player development coach by new general manager Tim Murray, overseeing player development in Buffalo, with the AHL Rochester Americans, as well as other Sabres prospects.

In the summer of 2015, Cunneyworth was considered as a candidate for the vacant head coaching positions with both the Sabres, which went to Dan Bylsma, and the Rochester Americans. On July 28, 2015, Cunneyworth was promoted to the position of head coach of the Americans and formally introduced to the media on July 29, 2015.

In the Spring of 2016, Cunneyworth returned to the Sabres coaching staff within the Department of Player Development. On June 27, 2017, Cunneyworth was fired along with other long-term staff members by newly-hired Sabres general manager Jason Botterill.

Miscellaneous
Cunneyworth spent 19 out of his 36 years in professional hockey with the Buffalo Sabres organization. He currently holds 5th place in American Hockey League (AHL) all-time games coached with 796, and holds 6th place in all-time wins with 384. He played 1,231 professional games at the NHL and AHL levels (regular and postseason games).

As a player, Cunneyworth was known to be very physical, quick, and possessed the ability to provide reliable secondary scoring as well as handle defensive assignments. A good powerplay performer, he was often called upon to play up on his team's top line. He often took on leadership roles, and was considered a genuine and selfless team player.

In 2010, Cunneyworth was inducted into the Rochester Americans Hall of Fame. Cunneyworth received his plaque and was inducted by Amerks owner and CEO Curt Styres, VP of hockey operations Ted Nolan, and Amerks Hall of Famer and director of hockey operations Jody Gage.

Cunneyworth was inducted into Rochester, New York's Sports Walk of Fame at Frontier Park in 2013.

title: Randy Cunneyworth


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Category:English rugby league players

Shelton Dube

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:English rugby league players


text:
Category:British rugby league players

Note: in rugby league terms, the United Kingdom and Great Britain do not exist, except for the purposes of the Great Britain national rugby league team. Rugby league in the British Isles is governed, organised and internationally represented on the basis of England, Ireland (as a single unit), Scotland and Wales. Rugby league players are usually designated English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh rather than British.

title: Category:British rugby league players


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Talk:DONKEY.BAS

Parody
OK, so when are we gonna see the Donkey punch.BAS parody? --24.168.71.81 05:19, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The operating system was released as PC-DOS when included with IBM PCs and MS-DOS when sold separately by Microsoft. Both included versions of Microsoft BASIC

Surely the BASIC was in ROM, not with the OS ? Wizzy 07:19, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually both. The ROM-based BASIC interpreter, which your machine would boot into if no disk was in the drive, was a minimal version.  PC-DOS shipped with "Advanced BASIC", or BASICA.COM as everyone knew it.  Of course, once everyone had hard drives, seeing ROM BASIC show up meant that your drive had died. Bjimba 15:15, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)

DNKYPNCH.BAS
I've removed the following paragraph which was added by 24.168.71.81:

 * There are rumors of a flash-based parody game that combines Donkey and Custer's Revenge into DNKYPNCH.BAS.

I think this is a joke but if it's a real rumour it could be restored with a reference. Google web and groups searches for that name don't return anything. Andy Smith (talk) 01:05, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

2 images
OK, I've looked at the GWBasic and QBasic images side by side, and besides the fact that the two shots show the game with different scores, and with donkey and car in different positions, I cannot make out the slightest difference. Assuming that there IS a difference it must be quite slight so why is it worth even mentioning, let alone illustrating with 2 images?!? --Ericjs (talk) 04:35, 1 February 2010 (UTC)

There are differences. Look at the front of the car, and the tail of the donkey. I have absolutely no idea why this is notable, plus it looks like original research. If anything, it would make more sense in the QBasic article. 58.172.176.120 (talk) 12:36, 15 March 2010 (UTC)

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Honda CBX series

The CBX Prefix has been used by a number of motorcycles built by Honda.

CBX 1000
Fast, heavy, complicated and powerful, the CBX1000 remains a sought-after collectible. It started life as an unfaired "sports" bike. Honda later added a fairing, retuned the engine, changed the suspension, and the bike was reclassified as a sports tourer.

CBX 250
The CBX 250 is a motorcycle that has been manufactured and sold in Brazil since 2001.

Better known as the Twister in South America, it replaced the CBX 200 Strada that finished production in 2002. The Twister is also sold in Argentina, Mexico and South Africa, and is exported to Europe and Australia under the name CBF250.

Other models
Also available were the DOHC four-cylinder 16-valve CBX750, CBX650, CBX550, CBX400 and the single-cylinder CBX250. The CBX550 and CBX400 featured inboard disc brakes that were designed to mitigate problems caused by wet-weather braking. The CBX550 had two internally ventilated cast iron disks up front with inside-out dual piston calipers and a single enclosed disk system in the rear. The very similar CBX400 made do with an enclosed single disc in the front. The enclosed disc brake was also used on some models of the VTR250 and the VF400. The system was less accessible for servicing than conventional disc brakes and there were also reports of heat dissipation problems. Modern braking materials have since rendered any improvement obsolete. The CBX750, CBX550 and CBX400 also featured Honda's rising-rate Pro-Link mono-shock rear suspension design and were available in standard and half-faired versions. The CBX250 was not imported into the US, and was imported for only one year in Canada. It is thought that 6-7 were imported to New Zealand but documentation is difficult to acquire.

title: Honda CBX series


title: User:Jag123/MyStuff


text:
Stelgidopteryx

Stelgidopteryx (Baird, 1858) is a small genus of swallows. It contains two species:

Adults of both species are brown on top with lighter underparts and a slightly forked tail. They nest in cavities but do not excavate their holes or form colonies.

These birds forage in flight over water or fields, usually flying low. They eat insects.

"Rough-winged" refers to the serrated edge feathers on the wing of this genus; this feature would only be apparent in the hand.

title: Stelgidopteryx


text:
Bruce Lonsdale

Bruce Lonsdale (November 10, 1949 – January 22, 1982) was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Timiskaming in the House of Commons of Canada from 1980 until his death two years later. He was a member of the Liberal Party.

In 1973, Lonsdale was elected to the council of his hometown of Cobalt. He served as mayor from 1977 to 1980, before seeking the Liberal nomination for the federal riding of Timiskaming.

On the evening of January 22, 1982, Lonsdale died in a head-on collision on Highway 17, about 10 kilometers west of North Bay. He was 32 years old.

Lonsdale was married and had three children.

title: Bruce Lonsdale


text:
Talk:Coercive monopoly

Resources

 * Talk:Coercive monopoly/references -- Quotations and citations with no editorial comments.

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title: Talk:Coercive monopoly


text:
Stationary phase approximation

In mathematics, the stationary phase approximation is a basic principle of asymptotic analysis, applying to functions given by integration against a rapidly-varying complex exponential.

This method originates from the 19th century, and is due to George Gabriel Stokes and Lord Kelvin. It is closely related to Laplace's method and the method of steepest descent, but Laplace's contribution precedes the others.

Basics
The main idea of stationary phase methods relies on the cancellation of sinusoids with rapidly varying phase. If many sinusoids have the same phase and they are added together, they will add constructively. If, however, these same sinusoids have phases which change rapidly as the frequency changes, they will add incoherently, varying between constructive and destructive addition at different times.

Formula
Letting $$\Sigma$$ denote the set of critical points of the function $$f$$ (i.e. points where $$\nabla f =0$$), under the assumption that $$g$$ is either compactly supported or has exponential decay, and that all critical points are nondegenerate (i.e. $$\det(\mathrm{Hess}(f(x_0)))\neq 0$$ for $$x_0 \in \Sigma$$) we have the following asymptotic formula, as $$k\to \infty$$:

 * $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}g(x)e^{ikf(x)} dx=\sum_{x_0\in \Sigma} e^{ik f(x_0)}|\det({\mathrm{Hess}}(f(x_0)))|^{-1/2}e^{\frac{i\pi}{4} \mathrm{sgn}(\mathrm{Hess}(f(x_0)))}(2\pi/k)^{n/2}g(x_0)+o(k^{-n/2})$$

Here $$\mathrm{Hess}(f)$$ denotes the Hessian of $$f$$, and $$\mathrm{sgn}(\mathrm{Hess}(f))$$ denotes the signature of the Hessian, i.e. the number of positive eigenvalues minus the number of negative eigenvalues.

For $$n=1$$, this reduces to:

 * $$\int_\mathbb{R}g(x)e^{ikf(x)}dx=\sum_{x_0\in \Sigma} g(x_0)e^{ik f(x_0)+\mathrm{sign}(f(x_0))i\pi/4}\left(\frac{2\pi}{k |f(x_0)|}\right)^{1/2}+o(k^{-1/2})$$

In this case the assumptions on $$f$$ reduce to all the critical points being non-degenerate.

This is just the Wick-rotated version of the formula for the method of steepest descent.

An example
Consider a function

 * $$f(x,t) = \frac{1}{2\pi} \int_{\mathbb R} F(\omega) e^{i [k(\omega) x - \omega t]} \, d\omega$$.

The phase term in this function, $$\phi = k(\omega) x - \omega t$$, is stationary when

 * $$\frac{d}{d\omega}\mathopen{}\left(k(\omega) x - \omega t\right)\mathclose{} = 0$$

or equivalently,

 * $$\frac{d k(\omega)}{d\omega}\Big|_{\omega = \omega_0} = \frac{t}{x}$$.

Solutions to this equation yield dominant frequencies $$\omega_0$$ for some $$x$$ and $$t$$. If we expand $$\phi$$ as a Taylor series about $$\omega_0$$ and neglect terms of order higher than $$(\omega-\omega_0)^2$$, we have

 * $$\phi = \left[k(\omega_0) x - \omega_0 t\right] + \frac{1}{2} x k''(\omega_0) (\omega - \omega_0)^2 + \cdots$$

where $$k''$$ denotes the second derivative of $$k$$. When $$x$$ is relatively large, even a small difference $$(\omega-\omega_0)$$ will generate rapid oscillations within the integral, leading to cancellation. Therefore we can extend the limits of integration beyond the limit for a Taylor expansion. If we use the formula,
 * $$\int_{\mathbb R} e^{\frac{1}{2}ic x^2} d x=\sqrt{\frac{2i\pi}{c}}=\sqrt{\frac{2\pi}{|c|}}e^{\pm i\frac{\pi}{4}}$$.

 * $$f(x, t) \approx \frac{1}{2\pi} e^{i \left[k(\omega_0) x - \omega_0 t\right]} \left|F(\omega_0)\right| \int_{\mathbb R} e^{\frac{1}{2} i x k''(\omega_0) (\omega - \omega_0)^2} \, d\omega $$.

This integrates to

 * $$f(x, t) \approx \frac{\left|F(\omega_0)\right|}{2\pi} \sqrt{\frac{2\pi}{x \left|k''(\omega_0)\right|}} \cos\left[k(\omega_0) x - \omega_0 t \pm \frac{\pi}{4}\right]$$.

Reduction steps
The first major general statement of the principle involved is that the asymptotic behaviour of I(k) depends only on the critical points of f. If by choice of g the integral is localised to a region of space where f has no critical point, the resulting integral tends to 0 as the frequency of oscillations is taken to infinity. See for example Riemann–Lebesgue lemma.

The second statement is that when f is a Morse function, so that the singular points of f are non-degenerate and isolated, then the question can be reduced to the case n = 1. In fact, then, a choice of g can be made to split the integral into cases with just one critical point P in each. At that point, because the Hessian determinant at P is by assumption not 0, the Morse lemma applies. By a change of co-ordinates f may be replaced by

 * $$(x_1^2 + x_2^2 + \cdots + x_j^2) - (x_{j + 1}^2 + x_{j + 2}^2 + \cdots + x_n^2)$$.

The value of j is given by the signature of the Hessian matrix of f at P. As for g, the essential case is that g is a product of bump functions of xi. Assuming now without loss of generality that P is the origin, take a smooth bump function h with value 1 on the interval [−1, 1] and quickly tending to 0 outside it. Take

 * $$g(x) = \prod_i h(x_i)$$,

then Fubini's theorem reduces I(k) to a product of integrals over the real line like

 * $$J(k) = \int h(x) e^{i k f(x)} \, dx$$

with f(x) = ±x2. The case with the minus sign is the complex conjugate of the case with the plus sign, so there is essentially one required asymptotic estimate.

In this way asymptotics can be found for oscillatory integrals for Morse functions. The degenerate case requires further techniques (see for example Airy function).

$$

One-dimensional case
The essential statement is this one:

 * $$\int_{-1}^1 e^{i k x^2} \, dx = \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} e^{i \pi / 4} + \mathcal O \mathopen{}\left(\frac{1}{k}\right)\mathclose{}$$.

In fact by contour integration it can be shown that the main term on the right hand side of the equation is the value of the integral on the left hand side, extended over the range $$[-\infty, \infty]$$ (for a proof see Fresnel integral). Therefore it is the question of estimating away the integral over, say, $$[1,\infty]$$.

This is the model for all one-dimensional integrals $$I(k)$$ with $$f$$ having a single non-degenerate critical point at which $$f$$ has second derivative $$>0$$. In fact the model case has second derivative 2 at 0. In order to scale using $$k$$, observe that replacing $$k$$ by $$ck$$ where $$c$$ is constant is the same as scaling $$x$$ by $$\sqrt{c}$$. It follows that for general values of $$f''(0)>0$$, the factor $$\sqrt{\pi/k}$$ becomes

 * $$\sqrt{\frac{2 \pi}{k f''(0)}}$$.

For $$f''(0)<0$$ one uses the complex conjugate formula, as mentioned before.

Lower-order terms
As can be seen from the formula, the stationary phase approximation is a first-order approximation of the asymptotic behavior of the integral. The lower-order terms can be understood as a sum of over Feynman diagrams with various weighting factors, for well behaved $$f$$.

title: Stationary phase approximation


text: Category:Welsh rugby league players

title: Category:Welsh rugby league players


text:
Chet Lemon

Chester Earl Lemon (born February 12, 1955) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder.

A native of Jackson, Mississippi, he grew up in Los Angeles. He was drafted in the first round of the 1972 Major League Baseball draft and played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox from 1975 to 1981 and for the Detroit Tigers from 1982 to 1990. He was selected as an American League All-Star in 1978, 1979, and 1984 and was the starting center fielder for the 1984 Detroit Tigers team that won the 1984 World Series.

Lemon was known as one of the best defensive center fielders in baseball from 1977 to 1987. In 1977, he led the American League with 512 outfield putouts, the fourth highest single-season tally in major league history and the highest tally since 1951. He also totaled over 400 outfield putouts in four other years (1979 and 1983-1985). He also led the American League with 44 doubles in 1979 and led the league in times hit by pitch (HBP) four times, including a career-high 20 HBP in 1983. Lemon was sometimes criticized for not standing for "The Star-Spangled Banner" due to his religious beliefs as a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses.

Early years
Lemon was born in 1955 in Jackson, Mississippi, and moved to Los Angeles when he was six months old. He attended John C. Fremont High School, where he played in the backfield with Ricky Bell on the football team and also starred on the baseball team.

Minor leagues
Lemon was drafted in the first round (22nd overall) of the 1972 Major League Baseball draft by the Oakland Athletics. He began his professional baseball career in 1972 playing for the Athletics' minor league team in Coos Bay-North Bend, Oregon. After 38 games in Oregon, he moved up to the Burlington Bees in the Midwest League. He remained with Burlington through the 1973 and 1974 seasons.

Lemon was traded along with Dave Hamilton from the Athletics to the Chicago White Sox for Stan Bahnsen and Skip Pitlock at the non-waiver trade deadline on June 15,. During the 1975 season, he batted .307 with eight home runs and 49 runs batted in for the Triple A Denver Bears to earn a call up to the White Sox that September.

Chicago White Sox
An infielder in the minor leagues, Lemon played third base during his brief stint with the Chicago White Sox in. He entered spring training 1976 as the leading candidate for the third base job, but after failing to impress manager Paul Richards with his glove, was moved to the outfield. He made the transition seamlessly, as he made only three errors all season while logging a .992 fielding percentage in centerfield. He batted .246 with four home runs, 38 RBIs and 46 runs scored to earn Topps All-Star Rookie Teams honors.

He came into his own as both a hitter and centerfielder in 1977. He scored a career high 99 runs, while showing a dramatic increase in power, hitting fifteen more home runs than he had his rookie season. He also set an American League record with 524 total chances and 512 putouts in the outfield, a record that still stands.

With the White Sox in sixth place in the American League West, ahead only of the expansion Seattle Mariners, Lemon was selected as his team's lone representative at the 1978 All-Star Game. Though he did not receive an at-bat, he entered the game in left field in the eighth inning, and committed an error in the National League's four-run eighth. The White Sox finished the season in fifth, eventually passing the Oakland A's in the standings. Lemon went 2-for-5 on the second-to-last day of the season to bring his season batting average to .300. He sat out his team's final game.

In 1979, Lemon was again the sole White Sox player on the American League All-Star team. He entered the game in the second inning, and scored in the third after being hit by a Joaquín Andújar pitch. He ended the season with a .318 batting average and 86 RBIs, both career highs. He also hit 44 doubles, tying the Milwaukee Brewers' Cecil Cooper for the American League season best total.

The White Sox finished near the bottom of the division standings during most of Lemon's tenure with the club. With the addition of free agent catcher Carlton Fisk and designated hitter Greg Luzinski, the team improved to 31-22 and finished in third in the first half of the strike shortened 1981 season. For his part, Lemon batted .299 with three home runs and 22 RBIs in the first half. Though his team finished in sixth place in the second half, his stats improved, as he batted .305 with six home runs and drove in 28. Following the season, Lemon was traded to the Detroit Tigers for outfielder Steve Kemp.

1982 and 1983 seasons
On November 27, 1981, the Detroit Tigers acquired Lemon in a trade that sent Steve Kemp to the Chicago White Sox.

In his first season with Detroit, Lemon shifted from his regular position in center field, starting 92 games in right field and 25 in center field. The 1982 Tigers compiled an 83-79 record and finished fourth in American League East (AL East). Lemon 's batting average dropped to .266, 38 points lower than he had averaged in the preceding four years. Newspaper columnist Mike Downey opined that uprooting Lemon and his young family, along with a torn rib cage, damaged ligaments in his left wrist, and several pulled muscles, had resulted in the worst season in his major league career. Lemon later noted that moving to right field also affected him: "Playing right field wasn't real difficult. I didn't want to play it, that was my problem. It affected me so much mentally. I wasn't happy."

Despite Lemon's 1982 performance, the Tigers signed Lemon to a five-year contract in November 1982. The contract paid Lemon an estimated $450,000 a year.

In 1983, Lemon became the Tigers' regular center fielder, starting 133 games at the position. With only three errors in 417 chances, he provided the club with solid defense in the middle of the outfield. Manager Sparky Anderson in July 1983 called Lemon "the best defensive center fielder I've been around." On July 24, 1983, he gained national attention for a leaping catch that deprived Rod Carew of a game-winning home run in the 12th inning. Lemon also developed power with a career-high 24 home runs in 1983, and he led the American League with a career-high 20 times being hit by pitch. However, his batting average fell to .255. His overall contributions helped the 1983 Tigers improve to 92-70, good for second in AL East.

1984 season
In 1984, the Tigers opened with a 35–5 record, won the American League East by 15 games, and defeated the San Diego Padres in the 1984 World Series. Lemon played a key role on the 1984 championship team. Defensively, he started 135 games in center field and compiled a career-high .995 fielding percentage with only two errors in 438 chances. Offensively, his batting average jumped more than 30 points to .287, and his 60 extra-base hits tied Kirk Gibson for the most on the team. His 20 home runs and 76 RBIs ranked third on the 1984 Tigers team. Lemon was also the starting center fielder for the American League at the 1984 All-Star game.

Reaching the post-season for the first time in his career, Lemon went hitless in thirteen at-bats in the Tigers' three-game sweep of the Kansas City Royals in the 1984 American League Championship Series. He improved in the World Series, batting .294 with a run scored and a run batted in. He also had "a Willie Mays–style back-to-the-plate catch" on a Terry Kennedy drive to preserve the Tigers' lead in the seventh inning of Game 3.

1985–1989
In March 1985, the Tigers signed Lemon to a contract extension running through the 1991 season with a club option to extend through 1992. The extension was reported to be worth $4.5 million.

He remained the Tigers' starting center fielder for three more seasons, playing 144 games at the position in 1985, 124 games in 1986, and 145 games in 1987. In 1987, he hit at least 20 home runs and 30 doubles for the third time in his career. He also ranked among the league's leading center fielders with a .992 fielding percentage (second), 348 putouts (third), and a 2.70 range factor (fourth), and helped the 1987 Tigers win the AL East with a record of 98-64.

In 1988, the Tigers moved Lemon moved to right field to make room for speedy new acquisition Gary Pettis. He played 144 games in right field in 1988 and 111 games in 1989.

Polycthemia and retirement
In the spring of 1990, Lemon was diagnosed with polycythemia vera, a rare blood disorder. During the 1990 season, he missed 47 games with multiple injuries and went through a divorce that affected his concentration. He failed to hit a home run between early May and late September and concluded the 1990 season with a career-low 378 at bats and only 32 RBIs.

Lemon returned to spring training in 1991, but he was injured for much of the training camp. He was waived by the Tigers on April 5, three days before opening day.

In August 1991, Lemon was hospitalized in the intensive care unit at the University of Florida Shands Hospital with a blood clot in his abdomen. He was discharged after almost four weeks of treatment.

In December 2001, he underwent surgery at the Mayo Clinic to have his spleen removed.

Career statistics
Lemon recorded 400 or more outfield putouts in five different seasons, an American League record. He also had a unique ability to be hit by a pitch; in the 1980s, he was second only to Don Baylor by getting plunked 108 times. He also had a penchant for diving headfirst into first base.

Personal life
Lemon was married to Valerie Jones. They had four children, Geneva (born c. 1972), Chester Jr. (born c. 1977), David (born 1981), and Marcus (born 1988). David and Marcus both followed their father into baseball. Marcus played minor league baseball from 2006 to 2017.

Lemon was divorced from his first wife in 1990. He married Gigi Partee in the early 1990s. They had a daughter, Brianna, born in 1998.

Lemon became a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses while playing in the minor leagues in the 1970s. He was introduced to the religion by Jerry Hairston Sr. while they were teammates in the Chicago White Sox organization. Due to his religious faith, Lemon declined to stand for "The Star-Spangled Banner", a point for which he was sometimes criticized. In a 1987 interview, Lemon explained: "I believe in God's kingdom. I acknowledge God's kingdom over earth. I give my allegiance to him and not to the flag. I am grateful to be in the United States, grateful to be able to live in the U.S. and have the opportunity to have my beliefs and go door to door to share them. But the national anthem is a ritual. You have to think about what's being said -- rockets' red glare, bombs bursting in air? We do not believe in nor do we salute war."

In 1993, Lemon established the Chet Lemon Baseball School in Lake Mary, Florida. He coached two successful AAU teams, Chet Lemon's Juice (18 and under) and Chet Lemon's Juice II (14 and under) in Eustis, Florida. He was also the head coach for Eustis High School, where he led the Panthers to the 2003 state championship.

title: Chet Lemon


text:
Empire State Development Corporation

Empire State Development (ESD) is the umbrella organization for New York's two principal economic development public-benefit corporations, the New York State Urban Development Corporation (UDC) and the New York Job Development Authority (JDA). The New York State Department of Economic Development (DED) is a department of the New York government that has been operationally merged into ESD.

ESD gives its mission as promoting the state economy, encouraging business investment and job creation, and supporting local economies through loans, grants, tax credits, real estate development, marketing and other forms of assistance.

History
The Division of Commerce was created in 1941 and incorporated several state bureaus and the Bureau of Industry. It was replaced in 1944 by the Department of Commerce. The New York State Urban Development Corporation (UDC) was created in 1968 by the New York State Urban Development Corporation Act. On August 31, 1987, the Omnibus Economic Development Act created the state Department of Economic Development (DED). In 1975, the UDC was reorganized and its mission expanded from developing housing to economic development.

In 1995, the functions of the DED and the UDC were consolidated, along with the Job Development Authority (JDA) and the Science and Technology Foundation (STF). UDC's directors decided that the corporation would do business as the Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC). Some functions of JDA and STF were folded into ESDC and DED, respectively, and the collective entity was branded as Empire State Development (ESD). In November 1999 the STF was abolished, and in 2011 the New York State Foundation for Science, Technology and Innovation (NYSTAR) was merged with DED.

In its early years the UDC was responsible for "the last significant program of publicly assisted housing in the United States". At the time it was primarily aimed at urban renewal in c City although its bonds were to be used statewide. Virtually all state subsidized housing built since 1968 was financed through the corporation. In the first years of the UDC, its aim was to facilitate large-scale low-income housing developments in urban neighborhoods that had traditionally been white and middle-class. In 1970, Business Week claimed that the UDC was "emerging as the most powerful state agency in the country for coping with urban growth."

By 1974 the investment climate had cooled and in 1975 Governor Hugh Carey asked the Legislature to appropriate $178 million for the UDC, and by 1977 the UDC was able to reenter the financial markets. In 1975, the corporation was reorganized and its mission expanded from developing housing to economic development. The finances were reorganized and the corporation assumed a less aggressive development stance, and its mission was refocused to finance other ambitious state projects and has been used frequently by governors to implement projects that circumvent formal Legislative or voter scrutiny.

The move away from a housing mission began in the late 1970s and early 1980s with such projects as the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center and improvements to the Apollo Theater. Among its projects was a doubling of the New York state prison system, improvements to Love Canal, construction of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, revitalization of 42nd Street (Manhattan), revitalization of Niagara Falls, New York, construction of Battery Park City, development of Roosevelt Island, as well as planning for construction of a new Pennsylvania Station and for development of Governors Island. While the UDC ultimately was to have big successes with such projects as Roosevelt Island and Battery Park City it was to encounter major problems in its inner city developments and its efforts to build minority low-income housing in white middle-class neighborhoods. The Corporation still maintains a housing portfolio that currently includes mortgages for 20,200 housing units valued at $650 million in total.

Mario Cuomo was the first to begin ambitious use of it to get around official scrutiny for public projects. In 1981 voters voted against a $500 million bond issue for expansion of the state prison system to handle increased prison populations arising from the Rockefeller drug laws. At the time New York had 32 adult prisons. Cuomo was to use the bonds to build another 38 prisons — most upstate.

George Pataki used the corporation to distribute $20 billion in federal aid following the September 11, 2001 attacks to help rebuild lower Manhattan and build the 9/11 memorial. A subsidiary, Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, and the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation were set up for those purposes. Rebuilding was financed by Liberty bonds. Whether the lack of public scrutiny has helped or hurt the development process can be debated.

An audit released in May 2006 by New York comptroller Alan Hevesi reported that the Corporation loses track of its subsidiaries. At the time the corporation reported 70 active subsidiaries, but the audit showed there were 202 subsidiaries still legally on the books (98 of which were definitely inactive). The audit did not consider this a serious oversight but the corporation stated that it intended to dissolve the inactive corporations.

In 2007, under Governor Eliot Spitzer, an Upstate ESD headquarters opened in Buffalo in recognition of the different economic challenges posed in the upper and lower (NYC region) parts of the State. Two chairs were appointed, one for ESD Downstate and the other for ESD Upstate. The ESD board also authorized the creation of another subsidiary, Upstate Empire State Development Corporation, to concentrate on Upstate issues. In 2008, Governor David A. Paterson brought the two components of ESD back together again, emphasizing that New York is truly “One State”. The former Upstate and Downstate offices now work together to ensure that New York's economic development strategy benefits the entire State, while being mindful of the specific resources and special challenges of each region. In January 2011, Governor Andrew M. Cuomo appointed Kenneth Adams as ESD President & CEO and DED Commissioner. Mr. Adams was confirmed by the Legislature on April 5, 2011. In May 2011, Governor Cuomo appointed Julie Shimer as Chair of ESD. She was confirmed by the New York State Senate in June 2011.

State control over projects in New York City has often involved turf conflicts between the New York City mayor and the governor (including the fact that the state authority is exempted from city zoning rules). Many of the projects have had devastating impacts on neighborhoods and resulted in white flight and charges of reverse discrimination. As an example, the UDC's construction of the Harlem State Office Building in 1969 aroused intense opposition from the neighborhood which wanted the resources applied in other ways. Ada Louise Huxtable called the fight "Rockefeller's Vietnam". The term "urban development" took on a negative connotation and in 1995 UDC was renamed the Empire State Development Corporation.

During the coronavirus pandemic, ESD was accorded a leading role in delineating what businesses would be considered essential in New York State. In a late 2020 per curiam decision of the Supreme Court, Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo, ESD categorizations of essential services were noted for excluding religious services while, at the same time, not being limited to services which can be considered as essential. Avi Schick, former President of ESDC (2007–2009), criticized the corporation as acting beyond its purview in determining what constitutes essential activities, particularly as it relates to religious practice.

Structure
Since 1995, four entities have been operationally merged and referred to as Empire State Development (ESD):

 * Urban Development Corporation (UDC), d/b/a Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC)
 * In 2017, the UDC had operating expenses of $1.282 billion, an outstanding debt of $12.895 billion, and a staffing level of 351 people.
 * Department of Economic Development (DED)
 * New York Job Development Authority (JDA), d/b/a Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC)
 * In 2017, the JDA had operating expenses of $2.96 million, an outstanding debt of $10.068 billion, and a staffing level of 4 people.
 * Science and Technology Foundation (STF)

Although ESD officials have programmatically consolidated the DED, UDC, JDA and STF, they have not legally consolidated the agencies. The commissioner of the DED is the chairman of the boards of UDC, JDA and STF, but those boards continue to operate as separate bodies.

The UDC is allowed to operate through subsidiaries. Each subsidiary has its own board of directors. , there were nine subsidiaries of ESD:. ESD also has more than 120 inactive subsidiaries such as the Archive Preservation Corporation and the Governors Island Redevelopment Corporation. These subsidiaries are legal entities but are no longer used and have not been legally dissolved.

 * Atlantic Yards Community Development Corporation (AYCDC)
 * Brooklyn Bridge Park Development Corporation (BBPDC)
 * Convention Center Development Corporation (CCDC)
 * Erie Canal Harbor Development Corporation (ECHDC)
 * Harlem Community Development Corporation (HCDC)
 * Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC)
 * Moynihan Station Development Corporation (MSDC)
 * Queens West Development Corporation (QWDC)
 * USA Niagara Development Corporation (USAN)

The New York State Foundation for Science, Technology and Innovation is also listed on the New York State Comptroller's website as a public benefit corporation that carries out functions that were formerly performed by NYSTAR. NYSTAR is now listed on the ESD website. The New York State Foundation for Science, Technology, and Innovation and NYSTAR are not listed in the 2018 New York State Authorities Budget Office report and so both might be dissolved or chose not to report.

Operations
The UDC is empowered to issue bonds and notes, grant loans and tax exemptions, acquire private property, exercise eminent domain, create subsidiaries, and exempt projects from/override local laws, ordinances, codes, charters or regulations (e.g., zoning). As with all New York state public-benefit corporations, it can issue bonds without a voter referendum, bypassing the NY's state constitution limits. the UDC reported outstanding debts of $11 billion.

, major projects included the:

 * Atlantic Yards Project
 * Aqueduct Race Track Civic Project
 * Belmont Park Redevelopment Study
 * Buffalo Billion
 * City-by-City Projects
 * Columbia Manhattanville Project
 * Midtown Rising
 * Radisson Community
 * Victoria Theater Redevelopment

A procurement opportunities newsletter, The New York State Contract Reporter, contains notices of procurement contract opportunities and is published by the Department of Economic Development.

title: Empire State Development Corporation


text:
Taiwan Daily

Taiwan Daily was a daily newspaper based in Taiwan that began circulation on 25 October 1964 and ended on 6 June 2006. It now exists as an online publication.

Features
The Taiwan Daily was usually published as broadsheet in full color, excepting classified ads and extended articles. It was divided into five sections, General News, United States and Community, Leisure and Living, Sports, and Advertisements. As is characteristic of Taiwan Paparazzi, articles usually featured comprehensive biographies covering celebrities' height and weight, as well as provocative pictures of strippers and celebrity relations.

History
Taiwan Daily was founded on 25 October 1964, as Oriental Daily (東方日報), in Keelung. In 1976 the paper was renamed Taiwan Daily, amongst semantic criticism. By that time, the Daily had reached 300,000 copies in circulation, and was Taiwan's largest newspaper. It ceased publication on 6 June 2006.

As of 2018, it exists as an online publication.

title: Taiwan Daily


text:
Abu Dhabi Investment Authority

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (جهاز أبوظبي للاستثمار, ADIA) is a sovereign wealth fund owned by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates, founded to invest funds on behalf of the Government of Abu Dhabi. It manages the emirate's excess oil reserves and is estimated to manage $968 billion. ADIA is one of the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world.

ADIA's operations have been characterized as secretive and opaque.

History
In 1967, Abu Dhabi emirate created the Financial Investments Board which operated within its Department of Finance and was responsible for managing the Emirate's excess oil revenues. However, in 1976, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the founding president of the United Arab Emirates, converted it into the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority. The goal was to invest the Abu Dhabi government's surpluses across various asset classes, with low risk. At the time it was novel for a government to invest its reserves in anything other than gold or short-term credit. Even today, investment in short-term paper remains the strategy for the vast majority of countries.

In the Bank of Credit and Commerce International scandal of the 1990s, ADIA reportedly lost hundreds of millions of dollars.

The operations of ADIA have historically and to the present been secretive and opaque.

The fund is a member of the International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds.

Strategy
ADIA manages a substantial amount of capital and is one of the world's largest investment funds. Due to its size, the fund has been influential in international finance. In 2008, ADIA co-chaired the International Working Group of 26 sovereign wealth funds that produced the "Generally Accepted Principles and Practices of sovereign wealth funds" (known as the Santiago Principles). These principles were created to demonstrate to home and recipient countries and the international financial markets that sovereign wealth funds had robust internal frameworks and governance practices and that their investments were made only on an economic and financial basis.

Today ADIA invests in all the international markets — equities, fixed income and treasury, infrastructure, real estate, private equity, and alternatives (hedge funds and commodity trading advisers — CTAs). ADIA's global portfolio is broken down into sub-funds covering a specific asset class. Each asset class has its own fund managers and in-house analysts covering it. Almost every asset class is managed both internally and externally. Overall between 70% and 80% of the organization's assets are managed outside, and over the last few years, the fund has become more indexed which given its unique asset liability structure is somewhat perplexing. The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) is a major purchaser of U.S. institutional real estate through various sub-entities. It often buys partial interest ownerships with leading real estate managers. ADIA also invests in development projects including malls.

Many of ADIA's investments have decreased substantially since investments were made at market peaks in 2007 and 2008. The $7 billion investment in Citigroup has lost approximately 90% of its value as of 26 November 2009, 2 years after it acquired a sizable stake in the bank. Its investments in global real-estate at the market top in 2008 have also decreased substantially in value. Though it talks of its long-term success in generating returns, the fact that it has moved closer to the index and manages most of its funds through external third-party fund managers shows that its tolerance for risk-taking has greatly diminished over the years. However, ADIA's ratio of third-party fund managers is being actively managed. In 2006, between 70% and 80% of the organization's assets were managed outside with an aim to bring that down to between 60% and 70%. In the year 2005, Abu Dhabi Investment Company purchased 51 percent of shares of Massar (Company) from Abu Dhabi Power Corporation, a subsidiary of Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority.

On 27 May 2013, ADIA published its 2012 Review, with an overview of its activities during the past year as well as an explanation of its approach to investing – strategy, governance, and risk management.

Tawreed Investments is a subsidiary of ADIA that has investments in several Australian infrastructure projects including Queensland Motorways, TransGrid, and WestConnex

Board of directors
The board members currently serve for a period of three years and can be renewed. They are appointed by Emiri decree. The current board dates back to the April 2010 reshuffle (Emiri decree n°4/2010) and it was fully renewed in April 2013.

 * Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Representative of His Highness the President of the State (UAE) (deceased)
 * Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Chairman, (Current Ruler of Abu Dhabi, Supreme Commander-in-chief of the UAE Armed Forces, and President of the UAE)
 * Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Vice President of the UAE, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Presidential Affairs (UAE)
 * Hamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Managing Director, (replacing his deceased brother Ahmed bin Zayed Al Nahyan)
 * Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Member of the Executive Council (Abu Dhabi)
 * Mohammed Habroush Al Suwaidi, Head of the Department of Finance (Abu Dhabi)
 * Hamad Mohammed Al Hurr Al Suwaidi, Head of the Department of Finance (Abu Dhabi)
 * Khalil Mohammed Foulathi

Former important board members include:
 * Ahmed bin Zayed Al Nahyan (1969–2010), appointed as Managing Director in 1997, while still in his twenties. He died in 2010 and was replaced by his half-brother Sheikh Hamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
 * Jouan Salem Al Dhaheri (1948–2013), appointed in 1977. He served as Deputy Managing Director, Deputy Head of the Investment Committee, and Head of the Audit Committee.
 * Khalifa Muhammad Khalifa Al Kindi (born 1959), appointed as Deputy Managing Director in 1997. He served until 2007 when he was dispatched to manage the newly established Abu Dhabi Investment Council (ADIC).
 * Ghanim Faris Ghanim Ateish Al Mazrui, former financial advisor to Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, and former Chairman of ADIA and former director of the UAE Central Bank.

title: Abu Dhabi Investment Authority


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