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Kaduna

Kaduna is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.

The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as at 2023, the city has an estimated population of 1.1 million people.

Etymology
The etymology of the word Kaduna is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for "crocodiles", Kaddanni in the Hausa language (kaduna being the plural form). Another version of the name proposes a link to the Gbagyi word/name 'Odna', meaning 'river'.

History
Kaduna was founded by British colonists in 1900. The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir Frederick Lugard, chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the Lagos-Kano Railway. It became the capital of Nigeria's former Northern Region in 1917, and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations especially in Northern Nigeria.

In 1976, when the General Murtala Mohammed administration created seven new states in Nigeria, North Central State, with capital at Kaduna, was renamed Kaduna State. It was made up of the two colonial period Provinces of Zaria and Katsina. When in 1991, the number of states in the country was increased from twenty-one to thirty. Katsina Province became Katsina State, while the old Zaria Province became the new Kaduna State. There are twenty-three local government areas (LGAs) in the state, although the number of ethnic groups is much larger.

Industries
Kaduna is a major industrial center in Northern Nigeria, manufacturing products like textiles, machinery, steel, aluminum, petroleum products and bearings. However, the textile industry has been in decline due to recent Chinese imports and factory closures caused by years of neglect during the military dictatorship in Nigeria. Other light manufactures include: plastics, pharmaceuticals, leather goods, furniture, and televisions. Agriculture is also a major industry in Kaduna, and as such, the Bank of Agriculture has its headquarters in the city. Some main agricultural exports include: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, and ginger. Kaduna also has a branch of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Automobile manufacturing also remains an important part of Kaduna's economy. Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria has an assembly plant in Kaduna. Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), one of Nigeria's four main oil refineries is located in Kaduna. It is supplied by a pipeline from the Niger Delta oil fields.

A 2009 World Bank survey states that Kaduna is one of the top six cities with the highest unemployment. 20% of the population was estimated to be unemployed.

Sports and tourism
There is a large racecourse named Murtala Mohammed Square, approximately 1 mi in perimeter, inside which is found the Kaduna Polo Club. Kaduna Golf Club is also located within the Kaduna CBD. Other sports facilities include the Ahmadu Bello Stadium and Ranchers Bees Stadium. The city boasts of several tourist attractions some of which are:

 * Kaduna National Museum
 * Jaji Military Cantonment
 * Kajur Castle

Infrastructure
The infrastructure network in the city were upgraded by the administration of Governor Nasir el-Rufai with underpass, flyover structures and streetlight facilities. Kaduna has an inland dry port. The Nigerian military has several installations in the city including the Nigerian Defence Academy.

Airport
The city is served by Kaduna International Airport. The airport commenced operations in 1982. The Nigerian Air Force maintains a presence in the city.

Railways
Kaduna is also on the route of the planned Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway, which has been completed between the national capital of Abuja and Kaduna. Trains for Abuja depart from the Rigasa Railway Station in Kaduna. Kaduna is an important junction on Nigeria's Cape gauge railway network. At Kaduna, a branch line connects the Lagos–Nguru Railway to the Port Harcourt–Maiduguri railway.

Education
Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state. Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna city include:

 * Kaduna State University
 * Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna
 * Greenfield University Kaduna
 * National Open University of Nigeria, Kaduna Study Center
 * Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna
 * National Teachers Institute (NTI), Kaduna
 * School of Midwifery Kaduna
 * Kaduna Polytechnic (1968), Kaduna
 * National board for Islamic and Arabic studies
 * Kaduna Business School
 * Dialogue Institute Kaduna
 * Institute of Ophthalmology, National Eye Centre, Kaduna.
 * National board for Arabic and Islamic studies
 * National center for nomadic education
 * Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State

Administrative Areas
Administration of the state started with the concept of Provincial Administration and Native/Local Authority systems. However, in 1976 the Mohammed Administration introduced the Local Government Area system (LGA) which delegated some responsibilities to the elected/appointed councillors. With each successive Federal Military Administration, the number of the LGAs in Kaduna State increased from fourteen in early 1980s to the present twenty three in 1998. In each LGA, smaller units such as districts and wards, are recognised.

Places of worship
Among the places of worship, there are churches and mosques. Sultan Bello Mosque is the biggest and a central mosque in Kaduna. There are also churches: Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), Presbyterian Church of Nigeria (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Nigerian Baptist Convention (Baptist World Alliance), Living Faith Church Worldwide, Redeemed Christian Church of God, Assemblies of God, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kaduna (Catholic Church), Mountain of fire and miracles ministries, Universal Reformed Christian Church, Kaduna (Protestant Church).

Climate
Climate: Kaduna State experiences a typical tropical continental climate with distinct seasonal regimes, oscillating between cool to hot dry and humid to wel. These two seasons reflect the influ- ences of tropical continental and equatorial mar itime airmasses which sweep over the entire coun try. However, in Kaduna State, the seasonality is pronounced with the cool to hot dry season being longer than the rainy season. Again, the spatial and temporal distribution of the rain varies. decreasing from an average of about 1530mm in Kafanchan-Kagoro areas in the Southeast to about 1015mm in Ikara-Makarfi districts in the northeast. High storm intensities (ranging from 60mm hr-1 to 99mm hr-1) plus the nature of surface runoff build up the good network of medium sized river sys- temps High evaporation during the dry season ton however, creates water shortage problems espe cinity in Igabi, Giwa, Soba, Makarfi)and Ikara LGA.

The Kaduna region has a tropical climate. The summers have a lot more rain than the winters do. The predominant climate in this area is categorised as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger scale. Kaduna's yearly mean temperature is 25.2 °C, or 77.4 °F. A total of 39.3 inches or 998 mm of precipitation falls per year.

Due to its proximity to the equator, Kaduna's summers are difficult to characterise. January, February, March, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December are the finest months to travel.

Notable people

 * Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the "underwear bomber" suspect of the terrorist arson attempt on Northwest flight 253 in December 2009, grew up here.
 * Efe Ambrose, footballer who played for the Nigeria national football team was born and raised here
 * Tijani Babangida, footballer who played winger with Ajax
 * Celestine Babayaro, footballer who played mainly in the Premier League
 * Mamman Daura elder statesman
 * David Egbo, footballer
 * Michael Eneramo, footballer
 * Fiona Fullerton, British actress and former Bond girl
 * Leke James, footballer
 * Hassan Katsina elder statesman.
 * Zamani Lekwot, statesman
 * Ahmed Makarfi, politician
 * Magaji Muhammed politician and elder statesman.
 * Umaru Mutallab Nigerian business mogul
 * Dahiru Sadi, footballer
 * Namadi Sambo, politician
 * Shehu Sani, politician
 * Uba Sani, politician
 * Shehu Musa Yaradua, politician and elder statesman
 * Ibrahim Zakzaky The Islamic preacher.
 * Adam A. Zango, Kannywood actor, musician, singer and dancer.
 * Talib Zanna (born 1990), basketball player in the Israel Basketball Premier League

title: Kaduna


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User talk:Studio34

Please join us for the next Bootcamp every night at midnight EST (2100 PST, 0500 UTC) to learn the ropes, or leave a message on our talk pages around that time for on-wiki help.

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Studio34 question: Hi! Looking at Glycemic.png, the total areas under the two curves look very different. Since GI is defined for foods with the same total glucose yield, the areas should be the same, shouldn't they? Shouldn't the curves be shown for a much longer period? Then you can shade the relevant 120 minute areas, but still see the same total area. Apologies if this is the wrong place for this question!

Image Tagging Image:Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Your recent edits
Hi there. In case you didn't know, when you add content to talk pages and Wikipedia pages that have open discussion, you should sign your posts by typing four tildes ( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment. If you can't type the tilde character, you should click on the signature button located above the edit window. This will automatically insert a signature with your name and the time you posted the comment. This information is useful because other editors will be able to tell who said what, and when. Thank you! --SineBot (talk) 03:17, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Stop editing your posts to remove your username from the signature. Sign your posts with FOUR TILDES - ~ - and leave it as is. It's hard to tell which posts are yours if you don't include your username. —  Hello Annyong  (say whaaat?!) 03:27, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Ah sorry .. I was getting a message saying it should be with 5. Will leave it alone.sd (talk) 03:42, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

=AN/I Alert== A situation involving your editing is being discussed at the Administrators' Notice Board. You will probably want to comment. DGG (talk) 16:09, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Studio34


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User talk:Zakharov

Please join us for the next Bootcamp every night at midnight EST (2100 PST, 0500 UTC) to learn the ropes, or leave a message on our talk pages around that time for on-wiki help.

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removed death date
Ok. I'm asking first before an edit-war starts. I put the dates into the article. Why did you remove them? -- User talk:Robeykr Jason Palpatine 06:43, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Matthau

 * I've added a reference to the common urban legend that Matthau was originally Matuschanskyayasky to stage name; it's so persistent that I think it's worth mention.Matthew Platts 12:52, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Golden sombrero
I've nominated Golden sombrero, an article you created, for deletion. We appreciate your contributions, but in this particular case I do not feel that Golden sombrero satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion; I have explained why in the nomination space (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and the Wikipedia deletion policy). Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Golden sombrero and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Golden sombrero during the discussion but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Groupthink 08:39, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Zakharov


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/High schools in Connecticut

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Delete 9 / Keep 5 -- AllyUnion (talk) 10:36, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

High schools in Connecticut
I think the need is better served by the Category:High schools in the United States and subcategories of that, although they of course won't list schools we don't have an article about. There are a number of similar articles, see High schools in the United States, which was also listed for speedy. No vote.-gadfium 03:34, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Categories are insufficient at this time to handle all our schools, especially in light of recent events where valuable school articles have been deleted on grounds of not being "noteworthy enough".  GRider\talk 19:26, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you would care to elaborate on how two sentence articles that essential say X school is in Y city and the principal is named Bob are in any way valuable even if it were true that all schools deserve articles. Or had you forgotten that wikipedia is not a yellowpages?  Indrian 19:09, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The only reason that categories are inadequate is if the aim is to have high schools listed that are insufficiently notable to have articles in the Wikipedia. There are numerous problems with such lists:
 * 1) There are aproximately 17,000 high schools in the United States.   How are all these high schools going to be entered on the lists?
 * 2) Some large states have between 500 and 1000 high schools; the state-level lists for these states will be extremely unwieldy.
 * 3) Who is going to verify that additions to the lists are correct and accurate? Are you volunteering?   There will be numerous omissions and inaccuracies, misspellings, and format differences from one state-level list to another.  There are only a handful of states now, and the state-level lists are already inconsistent with one another.  A major problem will be non-existent "fantasy" high schools added by people, named after themselves, high schools from novels, etc. It will be a very tall order for editors to keep these lists clean.
 * 4) Don't forget that someone is also going to need to delete high schools that have closed.  High schools close all the time. (Mine did, not long after I graduated from it.)  Who are the editors who are going to remove high schools as they close?
 * 5) What is the point?  So that every American high school can have its name in lights in the Wikipedia?   Being on a list of 17000 high schools isn't exactly "name in lights", anyway.   What reasonable reader goal do these lists serve?    Who is interested in a list of the names of high schools and the towns where they are located, and why?
 * In short, the lists will inevitably be more low-quality crap in the Wikipedia. This is not the sort of thing that can be done well by a wiki. It is for all these reasons that Wikipedia is not a general information base, and in particular is not the Directory of American High Schools.  --BM 19:58, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * delete categories work fine. Schools without articles can be listed on pages about educational provision in their local region.  Schools which require articles can be listed on the requested articles pages.  Mozzerati 22:43, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is what catagories should be used for. humblefool® 23:38, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Philip 02:21, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Saying this is a job for Cats seems to assume there should be separate articles for every single cookie-cutter high school in the world. I'd rather have all the info collected on group pages like this, in a table like I've created (since it's 80k and overwidth, I obviously need to do some cleanup, but I don't want to work any more on it if it might get deleted) using annually updated public domain US govt data, that's easily downloaded in an easily convertible CSV file, and which is as likely to be accurate as anything else on Wikipedia. Or the better one I created at Rhode Island schools. Los Gatos-Saratoga Joint Union High School District is a good example about how alumni info, etc. can be incorporated into the tables. I've created around a dozen of these tables (you can see most of them at San_Jose%2C_California), and I'm still experimenting a bit with the exact presentation, but for the most part they're a fairly standard fmt. I was going to say my alternative vote would be to redir to the Cat, so people can get to the info (casual visitors are NOT going to know to look for Category:High schools in Connecticut), but, hey, look. It doesn't exist, even tho' we have at least five articles on high schools in Connecticut. Also, no one seems to be complaining about things like List of Friends Schools and List of Ottawa, Ontario schools. Niteowlneils 05:10, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * hey, look. It doesn't exist Then click on that little red link, and hey, your problems are over. Updating a nearly 300-item table list: easy; creating a single category: difficult. --Calton 11:48, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. What is the value to Wikipedia of this list? If the source is easy enough to add, well, why not just direct people to the source to begin with? --Calton 11:48, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Where would we direct them from, exactly? If this article is deleted, how do we point people typing "high schools in connecticut" to ?
 * Well, it's easy after you've done a few, and if you know exactly what info you're looking for. The tables I've created have taken a bit less than a dozen clicks for the simple ones, way more than a dozen clicks for the more detailed ones.
 * 'Far too long if complete' seems like a spurious argument--like any article that gets too long, it can be subdivided, in this case either by county or school district (in the case of California, probably both). Niteowlneils 20:13, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Worthless unless complete; far too long if complete. —Korath (Talk) 13:43, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. List are good for stuff not that notable by their own. bbx 17:27, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete these unmaintainable lists. We have categories for a reason, and this is it. Jayjg (talk)  23:02, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unwieldly and far better acheived with categories.  Also, there seems to be a contradiction here.  If all schools are inherently notable and deserve their own articles as some claim, then why do we need a list containing those high schools which are not notable enough to have their own articles as claimed above? Indrian 19:09, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Because the high school inclusionists are dissatisfied with the fact that occasionally they "lose" a VfD vote, even though they "win" in the majority of cases. They want a way to slip those "unfairly" suppressed high schools in somehow. What anyone finds interesting or useful about a list of high school names is totally beyond me.   --BM 21:19, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Use a category. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:34, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Individual schools are not inherently notable, and once the academic boosterism and outright padding is winnowed away, most articles about them say little more than " School is a school in  managed by  with  pupils ".  Alas!  It is, unfortunately, exactly that sort of article that lists of redlinks encourage.  Overwikified lists are perennial sources of articles on non-notable subjects, as people "helpfully" recolour the redlinks with non-articles padded with chaff.  This despite the admonition that Wikipedia is not a repository of links (neither external nor internal). However, these articles do not redlink the individual schools, avoiding that trap.  (And, of course, there is nothing to stop a bluelink being made after a rare notable school has had an article of its own created.)  Moreover, articles in this form can collect all of the individual "  School is a school in  managed by  with  pupils " non-articles into tabular form, adding enough information by dint of being an organized collection, where summary and overview information can be added as footnotes, to raise the article level with the notability bar.  They are also far more maintainable than 17000 such individual articles would be. The remaining arguments against such articles are arguments against having the data at all, either in single-list-article form or in 17000-individual-articles form: Wikipedia is not a general knowledge base and Wikipedia is not a directory.  These are the arguments that winnow the all-too-often-added padding (telephone numbers, teacher lists, forthcoming school plays and sports competitions, and so forth) from the school articles yielding the bare single-sentence descriptions, of course.  However, as long as these "list of" articles meet the purpose of lists by providing more information than the raw data do alone, by dint of collating and summarizing those data and providing general information; and since these "list of" articles are appropriate topics for lists, I vote Move to the correct List of high schools in X form, Keep with the cautions that Wikipedia is not a repository of links and Wikipedia is not a directory, and send to Cleanup for all but one of the articles which do not meet the standard of ("List of") High schools in Connecticut and simply do not contain enough data to meet the purpose of lists. Uncle G 13:39, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)
 * Delete, agree completely with BM. RadicalSubversiv E 23:39, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Imbé

Imbé is a municipality on the coastline of Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state of Brazil, 120 km (75 statute miles) east of Porto Alegre.

Its population is approximately 23 thousand. It has warm summers (average temperature 22 °C (72 °F) in January) and cool winters (14 °C (57 °F) in July).

Imbé separated from its neighbouring city, Tramandaí, in 1988. In that same year, many small municipalities were created in Rio Grande do Sul.

title: Imbé


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Racetrack Playa

The Racetrack Playa, or The Racetrack, is a scenic dry lake feature with "sailing stones" that inscribe linear "racetrack" imprints. It is located above the northwestern side of Death Valley, in Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California, U.S.

Geography
Racetrack playa is approximately 3 miles long and 1.2 miles wide and is located at a height of 3708 feet in a north-south valley east of the Panamint Range within Death Valley National Park. It receives only 3 inches of annual precipitation and is bounded on all sides by north-south ranges rising 1500 to 2000 feet. The overall drainage area is around 70 square miles, with most of it flowing onto the playa from eastern mountain rivers.

The surface of the playa, which is mainly dried clay, provides a hard, smooth, and level pavement. The distribution of stones varies, with some regions a few hundred feet from the shore having 5-10 tiny stones per square yard. There is evidence of downgrade transit in a few places.

Rocks weighing up to 320 kg travel across Racetrack Playa in northern Death Valley National Park, California, leaving tracks. This phenomenon, which has been documented since 1948, is not unique and has been observed in various playas in southern California, the Tunisian Sahara, and South Africa.

Traditionally, these rocks were considered to be pushed by wind over a wet and slippery playa surface. Recent observations from 2014 called this assumption into question. Norris et al. observed pebbles being transported as thin sheets of ice melted in 4-5 m/s winds. The ice panels moved several rocks at speeds of up to 80 mm/s.

While these discoveries give information on the physics, several aspects of the tracks remain a mystery. Kletetschka et al. proposed that when an ice sheet arises, rocks with better thermal conductivity than water or ice could become frozen to the rock's base. This permits the ice sheet to be moved together with the rock and silt by the wind.

A thorough system was put up for the investigation of Racetrack Playa's rock movement, including a weather station near the playa, time-lapse cameras centered on the southeast corner, and 15 GPS-equipped boulders on the surface. The researchers went to the location for maintenance and data retrieval 5-8 times per year. From November to March each year, the time-lapse camera recorded hourly conditions.

Interwoof GPS loggers were installed in limestone blocks northeast of natural stones and captured GPS and temperature data every 60 minutes. They began recording constantly at one-second intervals after being triggered.

The Racetrack Playa is 1132 m above sea level, and 2.8 mi long (north-south) by 1.3 mi wide (east-west). The playa is exceptionally flat and level with the northern end being only 1.5 in higher than the southern. This occurrence is due to major influx of fine-grained sediment that accumulates at the north end. The highest point surrounding the Racetrack is the 5678 ft high Ubehebe Peak, rising 1964 ft above the lakebed 0.85 mi to the west.

The playa is in the small Racetrack Valley endorheic basin between the Cottonwood Mountains on the east and Nelson Range to the west. During periods of heavy rain, water washes down from the surrounding mountains draining into the playa, forming a shallow, short-lived endorheic lake. Under the hot desert sun, the thin veneer of water quickly evaporates leaving behind a surface layer of soft slick mud. As the mud dries, it shrinks and cracks into a mosaic pattern of interlocking polygons.

The shape of the shallow hydrocarbon lake Ontario Lacus on Saturn's moon Titan has been compared to that of Racetrack Playa.

Features
Racetrack is dry for almost the entire year and has no vegetation. When dry, its surface is covered with small but firm hexagonal mud crack polygons that are typically 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm) in diameter and about an inch (2.5 cm) thick. The polygons form in sets of three mud cracks at 120° to each other. A few days after a precipitation event, small mud curls, otherwise known as "corn flakes" form on the playa surface. Absence of these indicates that wind or another object has scraped away the tiny mud curls.

During the bimodal rainy season (summer and especially winter) a shallow cover of water deposits a thin layer of fine mud on and between the polygons of Racetrack. Heavier winter precipitation temporarily erases them until spring when the dry conditions cause new mud cracks to form in the place of the old cracks. Sandblasting wind continually helps to round the edges of exposed polygons. Annual precipitation is 3 to 4 inches (75 to 100 mm) and ice cover can be 1 to 2.5 inches (2.5 to 6.5 cm) thick. Typically only part of the playa will flood in any given year.

The Racetrack was vandalised in late 2016.

A portion of the playa's shoreline indicates ice activity, notably on the east side of the southernmost arm. A pavement of angular rock fragments and periodic alignments of bigger stones reveal little ice ramparts. Stone traces and ridges near the shore suggest ice thrusting and shearing.

Despite its thin grain, the pavement has closely matched parts that provide a mosaic-like effect. The pavement is lined with faint stone footprints, mostly to the northeast. Although modest, ice ramparts rise a few inches above the chip pavement. Ice along the beach seemed to be thrusting and shearing, with stones periodically scouring windows in the pavement.

Racetrack Playa's distinctive traits, including its low precipitation, large clay surface, and indications of ice action along the shore, add to its remarkable natural landscape.

Mapping
Detailed plots were made by nailing numbered tabs of tracing fabric to the clay along specific paths. Baselines, aligned by alidade beside paths, marked stations at 25 or 50-foot intervals. Distances were measured to the closest 0.005 feet using a 100-foot tape. Trigonometric computations were used to precisely connect the basis lines.

Rock mobility was associated with clear days following sub-freezing nights, which were caused by light breezes and the morning sun breaking up floating ice. Rocks were moved by ice disintegration, with over 60 moving in a single occurrence. Ice frequently fractured near rocks, causing wakes downstream. Some rocks went ahead of others, covering varied lengths. Ice fractures altered neighboring rocks, even those that were close together. The presence of a playa pool with precise depth parameters was a critical requirement for rock motion.

Other elements included floating ice, appropriate temperatures, sunlight, and mild winds, which were most common around midday when the ice melted. Because of their origin beneath the ice, the formation of rock trails was difficult to detect. The rocks moved slowly, lasting up to 16 minutes at speeds ranging from 2 to 5 meters per minute. During the coldest weeks, weather station data revealed freezing temperatures and winds of up to 3-5 m/s. Episodic rock motion, which can last for years or decades, has been related to occasional rain or snow episodes that build winter ponds.

Sailing stones
The sailing stones are a geological phenomenon found in the Racetrack. Slabs of dolomite and syenite ranging from a few hundred grams (few ounces) to hundreds of kilograms (pounds) inscribe visible tracks as they slide across the playa surface, without human or animal intervention. Instead, rocks move when ice sheets just a few millimeters thick start to melt during periods of light wind. These thin floating ice panels create an ice shove that moves the rocks at up to five meters (16') per minute.

The 2017 documentary Principles of Curiosity explores as its central theme the story of how the sailing stones' movement had been a mystery which came to be solved using the scientific method and critical thinking.

Islands
Two islands of bedrock outcrops rise dramatically above the playa's surface at its northern end. The larger landmark is The Grandstand, a 73 ft high dark quartz monzonite outcrop, rising in dramatic contrast from the bright white surface of the Racetrack. The second 'island' feature is a smaller carbonate outcrop.

Springs
There are three areas of aligned depressions (intermittent springs) in the playa.

Spinal Springs is in the central part of the Racetrack playa. It is 550 metres (600 yards) long and starts, at its northern end, with conical depressions only a few centimeters (inches) deep. Traced southward the depressions increase to ~5 metres (16') in width with scattered creosote shrubs. They then narrow and become shallower again, and finally disappear. Further north and south along this linear formation, there were several other depressions that may be a continuation of the Spinal Springs alignment.

Edge Springs is an alignment of the depressions along the southeastern edge of the Racetrack playa. The alignment parallels the toes of alluvial fans along the base of the steep mountain range.

Gindarja Springs is an alignment of depressions that consists of three large indentations aligned in a northwesterly direction within the Racetrack playa. Two are completely within the playa and the third is on the edge. All three are associated with significant vegetation.

Visiting
Access is via Racetrack Road, reached at the Grapevine Junction near Scotty's Castle. The 28 mile rough gravel road heading south-west from Ubehebe Crater is passable with non-4WD vehicles but requires high ground clearance. It rounds the western side of the playa to a parking area with descriptive signs by the National Park Service. A bench here, placed by the Mano Seca Group, has scenic views of The Racetrack, The Grandstand, and mountain scenery. Another access to Racetrack Playa is Lippincott pass road that enters the Racetrack valley from the south west, climbing up from Saline Valley. Lippincott Pass and the roads in Saline Valley are extremely rough and negotiable for high clearance 4WD vehicles with all-terrain tires only.

Camping, while not allowed on the playa, is available in "primitive campsite" areas to the north and south. Visiting remote areas of Death Valley National Park bears considerable risk. Summer temperatures can surpass 120 °F in certain spots, large areas are without cellphone reception, roads are treacherous and the closest gas station is in Panamint Springs.

An observation from the early 1970s calls the current thinking into question. During April or May 1972 or 1973, rocks up to 0.25 m in length were spotted moving purely owing to high winds on the wet playa surface. This calls into question the notion that strong winds and a water-slickened playa surface were both required for boulder movement on Racetrack Playa.

While recent observations have indicated movement by wind alone and by wind operating on small sheets of ice, many features of the phenomena, particularly those involving bigger ice sheets, still require additional investigation.

title: Racetrack Playa


text:
User talk:JeremyA

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title: User talk:JeremyA


text:
Tacubaya metro station

Tacubaya is a station on Lines 1, 7 and 9 of the Mexico City Metro system. It is located in the Miguel Hidalgo borough, west of the city centre. In 2019, the station had a total average ridership of 85,800 passengers per day, making it the fifth busiest station in the network. Since 9 November 2023, the Line 1 station has remained closed for modernization work on the tunnel and the line's technical equipment.

Name and pictogram
The station takes its name from the neighborhood it is located in: Tacubaya. The origin of this zone of the city can be traced back to an Aztec settlement, which back then was at the edge of Lake Texcoco. The name Tacubaya is a Spanish barbarism that derived from the Nahuatl Atlacuihuayan, that means "where water joins".

Therefore, the station pictogram represents a water bowl, that also resembles the glyph of the Aztec settlement of Tacubaya found at the Codex Mendoza.

History
Service at this station began on 20 November 1970, when Line 1 was expanded westwards from Juanacatlán to Tacubaya. On 22 August 1985, Metro Tacubaya became a transfer station, when the second stretch of Line 7 was inaugurated, from Auditorio to Tacubaya. In 1988, Line 9 was connected to the station as part of the final stretch of Line 9, inaugurated on 29 August 1988, going from Centro Médico to Tacubaya, thus becoming the western terminus of the line.

According to earlier plans for the metro, Line 9 was supposed to be extended towards Observatorio. This is the reason why on Line 9 platforms of Tacubaya signs stating that the station is a provisional terminal can be seen since its opening in 1988. In 2018, the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo announced plans to complete this expansion from Tacubaya to Observatorio. Mexico City government announced shortly after that no works would be done during 2019; and as of early 2020, works still have not been started.

March 2020 train crash
On March 10, 2020, at about 23:37 local time (05:37 GMT), two trains crashed while both were going towards Observatorio station. The first train, No. 38, was parked at Tacubaya's platform when it was hit by another train, No. 33, that came in reverse at 70 km/h. According to official reports, 1 person died and 41 were injured, all inside train No. 33; people in train No. 38 were evacuated moments before the crash. Observatorio, Tacubaya and Juanacatlán stations were closed temporarily for repairs. Authorities from the Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro believe the crash was caused due to a failure in the train systems coupled with a 7-degree slope that propelled train No. 33 for a kilometer (0.62 mi), that occurred after performing a parking maneuver at Observatorio station.

General information
The station was built on many levels, in order to accommodate the connecting lines. It has a maze of long, wide corridors between the lines' platforms, which are equipped with escalators. This station's exits connect with many zones of Tacubaya neighborhood, such as Parque Lira, a local market and the offices of the Miguel Hidalgo borough administration.

Metro Tacubaya has facilities for the handicapped, four cultural displays, as well as a medical module and a cyber center where users can access internet through a computer; both services are free. The mural Del códice al mural by Guillermo Ceniceros can be found inside the station in Line 1 platforms.

The station serves the neighborhood of the same name. It was in this area of Mexico City where the French pastry chef had his shop that was damaged in 1828, an incident that lead to the Pastry War a decade later.

Nearby

 * Parque Lira, public park.
 * Museo Casa de la Bola, museum.
 * Museo Nacional de Cartografía, museum of cartography.
 * Alameda de Tacubaya, public plaza.

Line 1

 * Northwest: Castellanos Quinto, Tacubaya
 * Northeast: Av. Parque Lira, Tacubaya
 * Southwest: Av. Jalisco and Rufina, Tacubaya
 * Southeast: Av. Parque Lira, Tacubaya

Line 7

 * Doctora and Av. Parque Lira, Tacubaya

Line 9

 * Northwest: Av. Jalisco and Manuel Dublan, Tacubaya
 * Northeast: Av. Jalisco and Iturbide, Tacubaya
 * Southeast: Av. Jalisco and Mártires de la Conquista, Tacubaya

title: Tacubaya metro station


text:
User:Mb1000

I have no time to maintain this page. That's why it's blank. (Except for this.)

title: User:Mb1000


text:
Category:Distillation

Distillation is a method of separation of substances based on differences in their volatilities. This process is essentially governed by Raoult's law and Dalton's law.

title: Category:Distillation


text:
At War with the Mystics

At War with the Mystics is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Flaming Lips, released on April 3, 2006, by Warner Bros. Records. The album is more guitar-driven and features more politically themed lyrics than the band's previous two albums The Soft Bulletin (1999) and Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots (2002). It is the groups' first album featuring contributions from drummer Kliph Scurlock.

At War with the Mystics won a 2006 Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, and was also nominated for Best Alternative Album. By 2009, the album had sold over 220,000 copies in United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.

5.1 audio mix
Like The Soft Bulletin and Yoshimi, At War with the Mystics was released as a special edition 5.1 CD+DVD-Audio mix on October 24, 2006, accompanied by studio outtakes, videos, and exclusive radio sessions.

Personnel
The Flaming Lips
 * Wayne Coyne – vocals, guitars, keyboards, mixing, production
 * Steven Drozd – guitars, bass, keyboards, drums, vocals, mixing, production
 * Michael Ivins – bass, keyboards, backing vocals, mixing, production, additional engineering
 * Kliph Scurlock – drums, percussion

Additional personnel
 * Scott Booker – production
 * Dave Fridmann – additional songwriting, production, mixing, programming, engineering, mastering
 * Greg Kurstin – additional songwriting, production, backing vocals and instruments on "Haven't Got a Clue"

title: At War with the Mystics


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Talk:Bank of Montreal

List of executives
Do we really need the list of executives? It seems to me that this will be difficult to maintain and that the information would be more readily available on the bank's website. Cjrother 03:44, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I seems someone went out of their way to cut and paste the lists for a few major Canadian banks. I think the information is unnecessary, beyond perhaps the Chairman of the Board and the CEO it is not necessary to mention the Bank's executives. --Alexwcovington (talk) 06:53, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The shorter list is better but I wonder if we shouldn't just get rid of the whole thing. If any of the execs had their own pages already I could maybe see listing them but as it is I don't see what the list adds to the entry.  I'm also worried that it will be quickly out of date.  Cjrother 18:50, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

BMO-RBC Financial Services
The article uses this name for the result of the proposed merger with RBC. Does anyone have any references for this? I was of the impression that no new name had been chosen before the merger was rejected. Cjrother 17:37, 6 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Good point. I have taken the liberty of renaming these sections to avoid the appearance that "BMO-RBC Financial Services" was the proposed name for the entity that would have been created by this merger. I do not believe that any name was officially chosen at the time. Grstain 19:26, May 6, 2005 (UTC)

HQ
BMO's headquarters are actually in Toronto, in the "First Canadian Place", as shown in the picture. It was moved there at some point in the 80's I think; it would be nice if someone had the exact date. UnHoly 02:24, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Although most of BMO's decision-making is in Toronto, the Head Office is still at 129 Saint-Jacques, Montreal. (See, for example, Corporate information from TSX for the exact address.) — Grstain 13:10, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * You'll notice that even though the adress is in Montreal, the phone number is in the 416 area code, i.e. Toronto. But I guess if they want to keep the fiction that they are in Montreal, we can go along. UnHoly 16:43, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Has anyone thought of calling or emailing them and asking? If you look at their whois information it says they're in Scarborough. --[[Image:Ottawa flag.png|20px]] Spinboy 16:44, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * That's probably because BMO's computer facility is located in Scarborough, right next to its "Institute for Learning". — Grstain 17:05, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

I was born in Montreal and now I live in Toronto. I actually have an account with the BMO and everyone that works at that bank (both in Montreal and Toronto alike) tell me (when I ask them) that all the decision making is at the First Canadian Place in Toronto. All servers, offices and leaders of all the bank's subdivision are all located in Toronto.--Imobius 01:37, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

Article Vandalism?
I don't when it was done, probably sometime between when the last discusion threads were posted and now, someone put the following in the article

in the paragraph discussing the Board of Directors "very gay" Robert Chevrier, and that in 2016, the BOM merged with the People's Bank of the People's Balls.

Embarassing especially if the article is featured on the front page, as it is today.

I removed both, but the article should probably be checked for "digital graffitti."

Jeffbachman 13:20, 02 Nov 2005 (UTC)

I'm cleaning up vandalism by 209.135.123.8, someone should ensure that the infobox contains the proper location/foundation information, in the proper format. It was changed by them, but it seems that the article has kept it. –MT 17:34, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

??
Article lists separate names, which op group is www.harrisnesbitt.com ?

Does anyone know what BMO stands for?? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.203.34.111 (talk • contribs).
 * It stands for Bank of Montreal. Ardenn 03:55, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I think he meant why it is called BMO and not BoM or something similar. I'm not sure if it was here before, but it says in the article that it was named after its stock symbol. 74.116.137.2 01:34, 29 October 2006 (UTC)
 * It says no such thing in the article. ThVa (talk) 06:47, 1 January 2009 (UTC)

There is a class action lawsuit proceeding against BMO for $100M. http://www.paliareroland.com/rrsp.asp Turidoth 19:06, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

Replying to the question about http://www.harrisnesbitt.com - Harris Nesbitt was the old name for BMO's investment banking operations in the United States. The new name for BMO's investment banking division is BMO Capital Markets, http://www.bmocm.com/ --TruthbringerToronto (Talk | contribs) 00:03, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

Ezekiel Hart
Ezekiel Hart is repetedly added to the BMO founders list. This information is incorrect; they were only nine founders of the bank, all of which signed the Bank's articles of association. Any serious historian can go to BMO's Corporate Archives to confirm this. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.96.180.245 (talk) 14:00, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I checked the given ref (which I adjusted to be more specific for where I found the info) and I do not see him listed, so I removed it. It's up to those who would re-add to supply a reference supporting his inclusion. DMacks (talk) 19:19, 5 July 2010 (UTC)

Merger proposal
I propose to merge BMO Nesbitt Burns into Bank of Montreal, per the emerging consensus which had concurrence between, by their thanking me for my close, and explicitly by , from the recent AfD discussion result for BMO Nesbitt Burns which confirmed that although BMO Nesbitt Burns meets WP:GNG, as written, the BMO Nesbitt Burns article fails WP:CORPDEPTH and it has had ~15-20 years to do so. Though Wikipedia notionally has no deadlines, having perpetual stub-class articles that say things like, "Company X was founded in NNNN in Y and exists," and then links to the parent company article is both unhelpful to readers/patrons and, in turn, this reflects poorly on the encyclopedia. As well, if you strip out the two paragraphs on trivial administrative monetary penalties and civil court actions related to contraventions of the mutual fund dealer's licensing terms, this article is a mere two sentences; thus, it's an unnecessary and duplicative content fork. Lastly, think that the content in the BMO Nesbitt Burns article can easily be explained in the context of Bank of Montreal (where it's probably already mentioned), and the Bank of Montreal article is of a reasonable size that the merging of BMO Nesbitt Burns will not cause any problems as far as article size is concerned.

Note: that this merge would be without prejudice to a future splitting back to BMO Nesbitt Burns, preferably through a new consensus discussion, if and when willing editors want to write more than a stub-class article that does not give undue weight to the administrative monetary penalties and court actions of the mutual fund dealing firm. Doug Mehus T · C  15:53, 6 February 2020 (UTC)

 * Support: Thank you for starting this discussion. I support the merge as you described above. I feel it makes more sense than merging Nesbitt, Thomson and Company to BMO Nesbitt Burns, as it seems likely that the predecessor's article should/could be expanded substantially, and it's important as a historic entity beyond its eventual absorption into BMO. Skeletor3000 (talk) 16:02, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * , No problem, and I concur with that logic as well. That defunct predecessor company likely also meets WP:GNG as well, so it can definitely be expanded on in the future, but only up to the point of its acquisition by Bank of Montreal. To add to my comment re: the lawsuit mentioned in BMO Nesbitt Burns, we may also want to merge that sentence into a separate section of Bank of Montreal related to all of BMO's past lawsuits; no need for it to be mentioned under the section on BMO Nesbitt Burns. Doug Mehus T · C  16:23, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * From my perspective, the legal actions in the BMO Nesbitt Burns article seem to be of the expected variety for large banks, and may not be worth including at all. That said, financial institutions aren't my usual editing territory, so I'll defer to more experienced editors. I will say that the current inclusion in BMO Nesbitt Burns reads awkwardly, especially with the management changes and cannabis investment tacked on. Skeletor3000 (talk) 17:15, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * , Financial institutions are my editing specialty, and, in full disclosure, I previously worked from 2008-2013 (inclusive) for HSBC Bank Canada and was licensed to sell mutual funds to British Columbia-residing clients through its HSBC Investment Funds (Canada) Inc. mutual fund dealing subsidiary (2013, roughly inclusive). I concur with you that, other than the overtime-related lawsuit, the rest of the mentions and the personnel changes can just be cut out completely. Doug Mehus T · C  17:21, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * I also agree the cannabis-related information should be cut entirely. I suspect these were good-intentioned attempts at a WP:HEY to help the article pass AfD, but, in the end, it clearly meets WP:GNG and wasn't necessary. Thus, those editions can be removed. Doug Mehus T · C  17:23, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * , ✅. Doug Mehus T · C  17:51, 6 February 2020 (UTC)
 * ✅ Klbrain (talk) 11:18, 3 January 2021 (UTC)

I we'll Naver be with BMO ever in my life and my story we'll get out to people that are with BMO it's not fair how they treat us trying to talk to them and then hang up on us I had nothing but bad experience with BMO 156.57.213.25 (talk) 16:00, 1 December 2023 (UTC)

Moved from article
This comment to the article from IP 2a00:23c5:2702:d301:70fe:9a08:af15:2c63 has been removed and moved here:

< THIS IS ALL INCORRECT. Both F&C (ISIN: FCIT) and the Commmercial Property Trust (ISIN: BCPT) are London listed investment trusts and PLCs and have never been aquired by anyone. The writer is confusing them with the investment management company that those trusts use and which is now owned by Ameriprise Financial. Please have this whole entry checked by someone competent.

title: Talk:Bank of Montreal


title: User:Jim1999


text:
File:Docastle.png

Screenshot of the arcade game Mr. Do's Castle gotten via MAME

title: File:Docastle.png


text:
Cuauhtémoc metro station (Mexico City)

Cuauhtémoc is a metro station on the Mexico City Metro Line 1. It is located at the northern extreme of Avenida Cuauhtémoc, in the Cuauhtémoc borough, in the center of Mexico City. Since 9 November 2023, the station has remained closed for modernization work on the tunnel and the line's technical equipment.

Name and pictogram
The station logo depicts the head of an eagle. The station, avenue, and borough were all named after the Aztec Emperor Cuauhtémoc, whose name  means "descending eagle" in Nahuatl. The station receives its name due to being located at the intersection of Avenida Chapultepec and Avenida Cuauhtémoc, in the limits of the Juárez, Roma Norte, Centro and Doctores neighborhoods.

General information
This metro station is located near a number of landmarks, such as the up-market Roma and Juárez neighborhoods and the elegant tree-lined boulevard that is Paseo de la Reforma. Also nearby are two museums, the Ripley's Believe It or Not! museum and the Mexico City Wax Museum.

title: Cuauhtémoc metro station (Mexico City)


text:
Keith Sebelius

Keith George Sebelius (September 10, 1916 – August 5, 1982) was an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives as a Republican.

He became active in politics following World War II and was later appointed to the Kansas Senate after narrowly losing two Republican primaries for the House of Representatives. He later entered the House of Representatives where he served for a decade before his death from prostate cancer in 1982.

Early life
Keith George Sebelius was born on September 10, 1916, in Norton, Kansas to Carl Sebelius, who died when he was seven, and Minnie Sebelius. He grew up in Almena, Kansas and graduated from Almena High School. He attended Fort Hays State University, graduated in 1939, earned a law degree from George Washington University in 1942, and returned to Norton to practice law.

During World War II he served in the United States Army and worked for intelligence agencies to detect German U-boats in the Caribbean.

Early politics
Following the end of World War II, Sebelius served as a councilor on the Almena city council, and became mayor of the city.

In 1947, Sebelius was elected secretary of the Kansas Young Republicans Club and ran for president of the organization, but was defeated by Paul Lackie. On April 26, 1953, he was selected as the Junior American Legion Commander for the 6th district in Kansas and later became the senior commander in 1954. On September 5, 1955, Sebelius was elected Commander of the Kansas legion by a vote of 494 to 422, with his opponent being John K. Wells. In 1957, he was elected as president of Norton's Chamber of Commerce.

Kansas State Senate
On December 10, 1962, Sebelius was selected to replace state Senator William B. Ryan, who stepped down to become a district judge, and was appointed by Governor John Anderson Jr. In 1963, he introduced a bill that would put the entirety of Kansas in the Central Time Zone, but it failed.

During the 1964 elections he served as a delegate to the Republican district convention and he announced that he would seek reelection on April 1, 1964. After facing no opposition in the Republican primary Sebelius defeated Democratic nominee Vance Templeton in the general election.

Elections
Sebelius twice ran unsuccessfully for the United States House of Representatives, losing both races by narrow margins. On January 8, 1958, he announced that he would run for the Republican nomination in Kansas's 6th Congressional District, but was narrowly defeated by incumbent Representative Wint Smith by 51 votes. He ran again in 1960, but was defeated by county attorney Bob Dole by 982 votes.

During the 1976 presidential election, Senator Bob Dole was selected as Ford's vice presidential running mate; had they won, it would have resulted in Dole's resignation from the Senate and a special election. It was speculated that Sebelius would be appointed to replace Dole. However, Governor Jimmy Carter won the presidential election causing Dole to remain in the Senate.

Tenure
In 1968, Dole left office to run for Senate and was succeeded by Sebelius, who served until 1981. In June 1969, he served in place of House Minority Whip Leslie C. Arends due to his absence and assisted Minority Leader Gerald Ford for one week. In May 1973, the National Federation of Independent Business named him Man of the Year for Kansas.

On November 15, 1973, he stated that "I frankly believe the man is telling the truth" after hearing Richard Nixon speak about Watergate for over an hour. On December 4, 1973, he voted in favor of House Minority Leader Gerald Ford's appointment as vice president after Spiro Agnew's resignation. After the transcript of the Nixon White House tapes were released he stated that they "are depressing to read and give an unfavorable view of the President". When asked what he thought of the possibility of Nixon refusing to comply with the Supreme Court's ruling in United States v. Nixon he stated that "it would be damn close to an impeachable offense". He voted in favor of a resolution allowing for live radio and television coverage of the impeachment inquiry by the House Judiciary committee. Following Nixon's resignation and Ford's accession to the presidency, Sebelius voted in favor of Nelson Rockefeller's appointment as vice president.

On April 25, 1980, Sebelius announced that he would not seek reelection to the House of Representatives and was succeeded by Pat Roberts, his administration aide.

Later life
On January 11, 1981, a banquet was held in his honor and received telegrams from former President Gerald Ford and President-elect Ronald Reagan. On this occasion the Norton reservoir was renamed to Keith Sebelius Lake in his honor and on January 16, he was named as a Distinguished Kansan of the Year. In 1979, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer, and on August 5, 1982, he died in Norton County Hospital from it. He was buried in Norton, Kansas.

Family
Sebelius married Elizabeth Adeline Roberts and had two children with her, R. Douglas Sebelius and K. Gary Sebelius, before his death in 1982. In 1974, K. Gary Sebelius married Kathleen Sebelius, the daughter of former Ohio Governor John J. Gilligan. She would later serve as the governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009, and as United States Secretary of Health and Human Services.

Domestic
Sebelius introduced a constitutional amendment to legalize voluntary prayer in public buildings in 1971, but no action was taken on it. In April 1971, Kansas held a voter referendum to lower the voting age, which he supported; he later voted in favor of the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution. He criticized Nixon's decision to sell 10 million tons of United States grain to the Soviet Union at subsidized prices and later called for the resignation of Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz.

When the House of Representatives voted on recognizing a holiday in honor of Martin Luther King Jr., Sebelius was one of the forty-eight representatives who abstained from the vote.

Foreign
In October 1969, he asked for his name to be removed from a letter created by Representative Sam Steiger to President Richard Nixon asking Nixon to point out to the North Vietnamese that the United States would not rule out any military option in gaining peace with honor, as the wording of the letter promoted an escalation of the war.

On July 18, 1973, he voted against the War Powers Resolution; after Nixon vetoed the bill Sebelius voted against the overriding of it on November 7, but the House and Senate voted to override Nixon's veto. On July 31, 1973, Sebelius voted in favor of a bill that would decrease the United States' military presence overseas by 100,000 and create a cap of 400,000 troops, but it was defeated by a vote of 243 to 163.

title: Keith Sebelius