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User talk:195.93.21.68

Nomination of Rick Evans for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Rick Evans is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Rick Evans until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 14:57, 26 March 2013 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Mary Oyaya

A tag has been placed on Mary Oyaya requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G12 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page appears to be an unambiguous copyright infringement. This page appears to be a direct copy from https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1001615/. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images taken from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted. You may use external websites or other printed material as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences. This part is crucial: say it in your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing.

If the external website or image belongs to you, and you want to allow Wikipedia to use the text or image — which means allowing other people to use it for any reason — then you must verify that externally by one of the processes explained at Donating copyrighted materials. The same holds if you are not the owner but have their permission. If you are not the owner and do not have permission, see Requesting copyright permission for how you may obtain it. You might want to look at Wikipedia's copyright policy for more details, or ask a question here.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines.  DGG ( talk ) 20:54, 6 October 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:195.93.21.68


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Talk:Blackthorn Cider

This is perilously close to being no more than an advert for a commercial drink. Is there anything interestign to add? (I don't much like Blackthorn cider myself, so I'm not qualified...). Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 17:53, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I have added the official web site and a directory listing of outlets, but share Mel's concern above that this is pure advertising. Thoughts? Duncshine 16:20, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

 * It't one of the most widly sold ciders in the uk so we probably have to have an article.Geni 17:55, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Moved
I removed the link to Beeradvocate as it does not link directly to the reviews of this cider and the site requires registration before you are able to search for them. I also moved the article as the dry part of its name is no longer used, and expanded the article slightly. - Feebtlas 16:02, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
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External links modified
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Blackthorn Cider


text: User talk:82.158.60.6

title: User talk:82.158.60.6


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User talk:Keepa

Shlama, Keepa! Thank you for your comments about Assyrian/Revision. I am trying to write a fair article about Assyrians for Wikipedia. Of course, because the Wikipedia reaches for neutrality, the article cannot be propoganda, eith pro- or anti-Assyrian. Let me know if you're interested in putting the article together. Taudi, Gareth Hughes 17:56, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

October 2011
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Assyrian International News Agency, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Silver seren C 03:38, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Replied. Silver  seren C 03:09, 11 October 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:Keepa


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Icmag

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 21:46, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

Icmag
I can't find any evidence that this is notable, or even a real for that matter. Google for "icmag" gets lots of hits, but mostly for a marijuana magazine. Searches including other keywords from the article get little or nothing. I checked a few subscription academic indices with no luck either. So I suspect it's a hoax, or at best a non-notable feature from some unnamed fiction. CDC  (talk)  17:56, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if it's from fiction, it doesn't seem to be anything particularly well-known. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 18:10, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as either as bad-faith vandalism (which is a speedy) or as a stealth ad for some fictional work. Wyss 18:51, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mikkalai 07:15, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Icmag is a cannabis magazine which gets 18,000 Google hits, perhaps suggest a Redirect to Cannabis (drug)? The present article as it stands looks like nonsense. Megan1967 08:07, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Icmag


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The Mothers of Invention

The Mothers of Invention (also known as the Mothers) were an American rock band from California. Formed in 1964, their work is marked by the use of sonic experimentation, innovative album art, and elaborate live shows.

Originally an R&B band called the Soul Giants, the band's first lineup comprised Ray Collins, David Coronado, Ray Hunt, Roy Estrada, and Jimmy Carl Black. Frank Zappa was asked to take over as the guitarist when a fight between Collins and Hunt led to the latter being fired. Zappa insisted they perform his original material - a decision which resulted in Coronado leaving as he did not agree to the change - and on Mother's Day in 1965 the band changed their name to the Mothers. Record executives demanded the name be changed, and so "out of necessity", Zappa later said, "We became the Mothers of Invention".

After early struggles, the Mothers earned substantial popular commercial success. The band first became popular playing in California's underground music scene in the late 1960s. With Zappa at the helm, it was signed to jazz label Verve Records as part of the label's diversification plans. Verve released the Mothers of Invention's début double album Freak Out! in 1966, recorded by Zappa, Collins, Black, Estrada and Elliot Ingber. During their original run, the band's ever-changing lineup also included Don Preston, Bunk Gardner, Billy Mundi, Jim Fielder, Ian Underwood, Jim "Motorhead" Sherwood, Art Tripp, Buzz Gardner, and Lowell George. The Mothers released a series of critically acclaimed albums, including Absolutely Free, We're Only in It for the Money, and Uncle Meat, before being disbanded by Zappa in 1969. In 1970, he formed a new version of the Mothers that included Ian Underwood, Jeff Simmons, George Duke, Aynsley Dunbar and singers Mark Volman and Howard Kaylan (formerly of the Turtles, but who for contractual reasons were credited in this band as the Phlorescent Leech & Eddie or Flo & Eddie for short). Later replacing Simmons with another ex-Turtle, bassist Jim Pons, this second incarnation of the Mothers endured through December 1971, when Zappa was injured by an audience member during a concert appearance.

Zappa focused on big-band and orchestral music while recovering from his injuries, and in 1973 formed the Mothers' final lineup, which included Ian Underwood, George Duke, Ralph Humphrey, Sal Marquez, Bruce Fowler, Tom Fowler, and Ruth Underwood. Napoleon Murphy Brock and Chester Thompson also joined the band later that year. The final non-archival album using the Mothers (of Invention) name, Bongo Fury (1975), featured Captain Beefheart, as well as guitarist Denny Walley and drummer Terry Bozzio, both of whom continued to play for Zappa on subsequent non-Mothers releases.

Early years (1964–1965)
The Soul Giants were formed in 1964. In early 1965, Frank Zappa was approached by Ray Collins who asked him to take over as the guitarist following a fight between Collins and the group's original guitarist. Zappa accepted, and convinced the other members that they should play his music to increase the chances of getting a record contract. Original leader David Coronado did not think that the band would be employable if they played original material, and left the band. Zappa soon assumed leadership and the role as co-lead singer, even though he never considered himself a singer.

The band was renamed the Mothers, coincidentally on Mother's Day. The group increased their bookings after beginning an association with manager Herb Cohen, while they gradually gained attention on the burgeoning Los Angeles underground music scene. In early 1966, they were spotted by leading record producer, Tom Wilson, when playing Zappa's "Trouble Every Day", a song about the Watts Riots. Wilson had earned acclaim as the producer for singer-songwriter Bob Dylan and the folk-rock act Simon & Garfunkel, and was notable as one of the few African Americans working as a major label pop music producer at this time.

Wilson signed the Mothers to the Verve Records division of MGM Records, which had built up a strong reputation in the music industry for its releases of modern jazz recordings in the 1940s and 1950s, but was attempting to diversify into pop and rock audiences. Verve insisted that the band officially rename themselves because "Mother" in slang terminology was short for "motherfucker"—a term that apart from its profanity, in a jazz context connotes a very skilled musical instrumentalist. The label suggested the name "The Mothers Auxiliary", which prompted Zappa to come up with the name "The Mothers of Invention".

Debut album: Freak Out! (1966)
With Wilson credited as producer, the Mothers of Invention, augmented by a studio orchestra, recorded the groundbreaking Freak Out! (1966) which, preceded by Bob Dylan's Blonde on Blonde, was the second rock double album of new material ever released. It mixed R&B, doo-wop, musique concrète, and experimental sound collages that captured the "freak" subculture of Los Angeles at that time. Although he was dissatisfied with the final product—in a late 1960s radio interview (included in the posthumous MOFO Project/Object compilation) Zappa recounted that the side-long closing track "Return of the Son of Monster Magnet" was intended to be the basic track for a much more complex work which Verve did not allow him to complete—Freak Out immediately established Zappa as a radical new voice in rock music, providing an antidote to the "relentless consumer culture of America". The sound was raw, but the arrangements were sophisticated. While recording in the studio, some of the additional session musicians were shocked that they were expected to read the notes on sheet music from charts with Zappa conducting them, since it was not standard when recording rock music. The lyrics praised non-conformity, disparaged authorities, and had dadaist elements. Yet, there was a place for seemingly conventional love songs. Most compositions are Zappa's, which set a precedent for the rest of his recording career. He had full control over the arrangements and musical decisions and did most overdubs. Wilson provided the industry clout and connections to get the group the financial resources needed.

Wilson nominally produced the Mothers' second album Absolutely Free (1967), which was recorded in November 1966, and later mixed in New York, although by this time Zappa was in de facto control of most facets of the production. It featured extended playing by the Mothers of Invention and focused on songs that defined Zappa's compositional style of introducing abrupt, rhythmical changes into songs that were built from diverse elements. Examples are "Plastic People" and "Brown Shoes Don't Make It", which contained lyrics critical of the hypocrisy and conformity of American society, but also of the counterculture of the 1960s. As Zappa put it, "[W]e're satirists, and we are out to satirize everything."

New York period (1966–1968)
The Mothers of Invention played in New York in late 1966 and were offered a contract at the Garrick Theater during Easter 1967. This proved successful and Herb Cohen extended the booking, which eventually lasted half a year. As a result, Zappa and his wife, along with the Mothers of Invention, moved to New York. Their shows became a combination of improvised acts showcasing individual talents of the band as well as tight performances of Zappa's music. Everything was directed by Zappa's famous hand signals. Guest performers and audience participation became a regular part of the Garrick Theater shows. One evening, Zappa managed to entice some U.S. Marines from the audience onto the stage, where they proceeded to dismember a big baby doll, having been told by Zappa to pretend that it was a "gook baby".

Situated in New York, and only interrupted by the band's first European tour, the Mothers of Invention recorded the album widely regarded as the peak of the group's late 1960s work, We're Only in It for the Money (released 1968). It was produced by Zappa, with Wilson credited as executive producer. From then on, Zappa produced all albums released by the Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist. We're Only in It for the Money featured some of the most creative audio editing and production yet heard in pop music, and the songs ruthlessly satirized the hippie and flower power phenomena. The cover photo parodied that of the Beatles' Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, its art provided by Cal Schenkel whom Zappa had met in New York. This initiated a lifelong collaboration in which Schenkel designed covers for numerous Zappa and Mothers albums.

Reflecting Zappa's eclectic approach to music, the next album, Cruising with Ruben & the Jets (1968), was very different. It represented a collection of doo-wop songs; listeners and critics were not sure whether the album was a satire or a tribute. Zappa has noted that the album was conceived in the way Stravinsky's compositions were in his neo-classical period: "If he could take the forms and clichés of the classical era and pervert them, why not do the same ... to doo-wop in the fifties?" A theme from Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring is heard during one song. The album and a single consisting of the songs "Deseri" and "Jelly Roll Gum Drop" were released under the alias Ruben and the Jets.

Return to Los Angeles and break up (1968–1969)
Zappa and the Mothers of Invention returned to Los Angeles in the summer of 1968. Despite being a success with fans in Europe, the Mothers of Invention were not faring well financially. Their first records were vocally oriented, but Zappa wrote more instrumental jazz and classical oriented music for the band's concerts, which confused audiences. Zappa felt that audiences failed to appreciate his "electrical chamber music". Recorded from September 1967 to September 1968 and released in early 1969, Uncle Meat, the final release by the original Mothers, was a double album of varied music, intended as a soundtrack for a proposed film of the same name.

In November 1968, after Collins had left for the final time, Zappa recruited future Little Feat guitarist Lowell George to replace him.

In 1969, there were nine band members and Zappa was supporting the group himself from his publishing royalties, whether they played or not. 1969 was also the year Zappa, fed up with the label's interference, left MGM Records for Warner Bros.' Reprise subsidiary, where Zappa/Mothers recordings would bear the Bizarre Records imprint.

In late 1969, Zappa broke up the band. He often cited the financial strain as the main reason, but also commented on the band members' lack of sufficient effort. Many band members were bitter about Zappa's decision, and some took it as a sign of Zappa's concern for perfection at the expense of human feeling. Others were irritated by "his autocratic ways", exemplified by Zappa's never staying at the same hotel as the band members. Several members would, however, play for Zappa in years to come. He did, however, start recruiting new band members at this time, even asking Micky Dolenz from The Monkees to join. Zappa had appeared on the series and in the movie Head. Remaining recordings with the band from this period were collected on Weasels Ripped My Flesh and Burnt Weeny Sandwich (both released in 1970).

George and Estrada formed Little Feat with Richie Hayward and Bill Payne after the Mothers disbanded.

Rebirth of the Mothers and filmmaking (1970)
Later in 1970, Zappa formed a new version of the Mothers (from then on, he mostly dropped the "of Invention"). It included British drummer Aynsley Dunbar, jazz keyboardist George Duke, Ian Underwood, Jeff Simmons (bass, rhythm guitar), and three members of the Turtles: bass player Jim Pons, and singers Mark Volman and Howard Kaylan, who, due to persistent legal and contractual problems, adopted the stage name "The Phlorescent Leech and Eddie", or "Flo & Eddie".

This version of the Mothers debuted on Zappa's next solo album Chunga's Revenge (1970), which was followed by the double-album soundtrack to the movie 200 Motels (1971), featuring the Mothers, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Ringo Starr, Theodore Bikel, and Keith Moon. Co-directed by Zappa and Tony Palmer, it was filmed in a week at Pinewood Studios outside London. Tensions between Zappa and several cast and crew members arose before and during shooting. The film deals loosely with life on the road as a rock musician. It was the first feature film photographed on videotape and transferred to 35 mm film, a process which allowed for novel visual effects. It was released to mixed reviews. The score relied extensively on orchestral music, and Zappa's dissatisfaction with the classical music world intensified when a concert, scheduled at the Royal Albert Hall after filming, was canceled because a representative of the venue found some of the lyrics obscene. In 1975, he lost a lawsuit against the Royal Albert Hall for breach of contract.

After 200 Motels, the band went on tour, which resulted in two live albums, Fillmore East – June 1971 and Just Another Band from L.A.; the latter included the 20-minute track "Billy the Mountain", Zappa's satire on rock opera set in Southern California. This track was representative of the band's theatrical performances in which songs were used to build up sketches based on 200 Motels scenes as well as new situations often portraying the band members' sexual encounters on the road.

Accident, attack and their aftermath (1971–1972)
In December 1971, there were two serious setbacks. While performing at Casino de Montreux in Switzerland, the Mothers' equipment was destroyed when a flare set off by an audience member started a fire that burned down the casino. Immortalized in Deep Purple's song "Smoke on the Water", the event and immediate aftermath can be heard on the bootleg album Swiss Cheese/Fire, released legally as part of Zappa's Beat the Boots II compilation. After a week's break, the Mothers played at the Rainbow Theatre, London, with rented gear. During the encore, an audience member pushed Zappa off the stage and into the concrete-floored orchestra pit. The band thought Zappa had been killed—he had suffered serious fractures, head trauma and injuries to his back, leg, and neck, as well as a crushed larynx, which ultimately caused his voice to drop a third after healing. This accident resulted in him using a wheelchair for an extended period, forcing him off the road for over half a year. Upon his return to the stage in September 1972, he was still wearing a leg brace, had a noticeable limp and could not stand for very long while on stage. Zappa noted that one leg healed "shorter than the other" (a reference later found in the lyrics of songs "Zomby Woof" and "Dancin' Fool"), resulting in chronic back pain. Meanwhile, the Mothers were left in limbo and eventually formed the core of Flo and Eddie's band as they set out on their own.

Top 10 album (1973–1975)
After releasing a solo jazz-oriented album Waka/Jawaka, and following it up with a Mothers album, The Grand Wazoo, with large bands, Zappa formed and toured with smaller groups that variously included Ian Underwood (reeds, keyboards), Ruth Underwood (vibes, marimba), Sal Marquez (trumpet, vocals), Napoleon Murphy Brock (sax, flute and vocals), Bruce Fowler (trombone), Tom Fowler (bass), Chester Thompson (drums), Ralph Humphrey (drums), George Duke (keyboards, vocals), and Jean-Luc Ponty (violin).

Zappa continued a high rate of production through the first half of the 1970s, including the solo album Apostrophe (') (1974), which reached a career-high No. 10 on the Billboard pop album charts helped by the chart single "Don't Eat the Yellow Snow". Other albums from the period are Over-Nite Sensation (1973), which contained several future concert favorites, such as "Dinah-Moe Humm" and "Montana", and the albums Roxy & Elsewhere (1974) and One Size Fits All (1975) which feature ever-changing versions of a band still called the Mothers, and are notable for the tight renditions of highly difficult jazz fusion songs in such pieces as "Inca Roads", "Echidna's Arf (Of You)" and "Be-Bop Tango (Of the Old Jazzmen's Church)". A live recording from 1974, You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 2 (1988), captures "the full spirit and excellence of the 1973–75 band".

Zappa released Bongo Fury in 1975, which featured live recordings from a tour that same year which had reunited him with Captain Beefheart for a brief period. They later became estranged for a period of years, but were in contact at the end of Zappa's life. Bongo Fury was the last new album to be credited to the Mothers.

In 1993, Zappa released Ahead of Their Time, an album of a 1968 live performance by the original Mothers of Invention lineup.

Discography

 * Freak Out! (1966)
 * Absolutely Free (1967)
 * We're Only in It for the Money (1968)
 * Cruising with Ruben & the Jets (1968)
 * Mothermania (1969, compilation)
 * Uncle Meat (1969)
 * The **** of the Mothers (1969, compilation)
 * Burnt Weeny Sandwich (1970)
 * Weasels Ripped My Flesh (1970)
 * Fillmore East – June 1971 (1971)
 * 200 Motels (1971)
 * Just Another Band from L.A. (1972)
 * The Grand Wazoo (1972)
 * Over-Nite Sensation (1973)
 * Roxy & Elsewhere (1974)
 * One Size Fits All (1975)
 * Bongo Fury (1975)
 * Playground Psychotics (1992, recorded 1970–71)
 * Ahead of Their Time (1993, recorded 1968)
 * Carnegie Hall (2011, recorded 1971)
 * The Mothers 1970 (2020, recorded 1970)
 * The Mothers 1971 (2022, recorded 1971)
 * Whisky a Go Go 1968 (2024, recorded 1968)

title: The Mothers of Invention


text:
XTF

XTF may refer to:

 * eXtensible Tag Framework, a framework for implementing new XML elements for Mozilla
 * eXtended Triton Format, a file format for recording hydrographic survey data
 * Extensible Text Framework, an XML framework used to present finding aids for archival collections

title: XTF


text:
Berkovitsa

Berkovitsa (Берковица ) is a town and ski resort in northwestern Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Berkovitsa Municipality, Montana Province and is close to the town of Varshets. , it had a population of 13,917.

Location and history
Berkovitsa is situated on the northern slope of Kom Peak of the Berkovska Stara Planina Mountain along the valley of the Berkovitsa River, which is a tributary to the Barziya River, at an altitude above sea level 405 m. The town was mentioned for the first time in Ottoman documents of 1488. According to the 1831 Ottoman population statistics, 67.5% of the Christians were non-taxpayers in the kaza of Berkofça. It is near the site of an old fortified settlement on the road from Sofia to Lom. The remains of the fortress and a church were discovered on high ground at Kaleto, just to the west of the present-day town. The former settlement was known as early as the reign of King Kaloyan and was mentioned as a border settlement in the period of the Vidin Kingdom.

Berkovitsa Glacier, on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, is named for Berkovitsa.

History
The region was involved in the Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin (1408 - 1413) and the Chiprovtsi Uprising (1688). At the end of August 1872, Vasil Levski arrived in Berkovitsa, together with the chairman of the Vratsa Revolutionary Committee, Mito Ankov.

Christianity
In the late antique fortress Kaleto, located on a hill north of Berkovitsa, a large bishopric complex was built during early Christianity.
 * Orthodox church of Nativity of Mary

Judaism
Until 1947, there was a significant Jewish community in Berkovitsa and there was a functioning synagogue.

Transportation
Berkovitsa has a terminus railway station. It is connected to Montana and has access to the railway connecting Vidin and Vratsa. There are four trains per day.

Twin towns — Sister cities
Berkovitsa is twinned with:

 * 🇷🇺 Dzerzhinsky, Russia
 * 🇷🇸 Zaječar, Serbia
 * 🇷🇸 Dimitrovgrad, Serbia

Notable natives

 * Timo Angelov, revolutionary, member of IMARO

title: Berkovitsa


text:
Emerald Necklace

The Emerald Necklace consists of a 1100 acre chain of parks linked by parkways and waterways in Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts. It was designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, and gets its name from the way the planned chain appears to hang from the "neck" of the Boston peninsula. In 1989, the Emerald Necklace was designated as a Boston Landmark by the Boston Landmarks Commission.

Overview
The Necklace comprises half of the City of Boston's park acreage, parkland in the Town of Brookline, and parkways and park edges under the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. More than 300,000 people live within its watershed area. From Boston Common to Franklin Park it is approximately seven miles by foot or bicycle through the parks.

The Emerald Necklace includes:

 * Boston Common
 * Public Garden
 * Commonwealth Avenue Mall
 * The Fens
 * Forsyth Park
 * The Riverway
 * Olmsted Park
 * Jamaica Pond
 * Jamaicaway
 * Arborway
 * Arnold Arboretum
 * Franklin Park

Several components of the Emerald Necklace pre-date the plan to unite them. Some links of the Emerald Necklace not only offer an opportunity for recreation in a wooded environment, but are also ecologically important urban wilds that provide nesting places for migratory birds and improve the air quality of the city.

History
This linear system of parks was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted to connect Boston Common, dating from the colonial period, and Public Garden (1837) to Franklin Park, known as the "great country park."

The project began around 1878 with the effort to clean up and control the marshy area which became the Back Bay and The Fens. In 1880, Olmsted proposed that the Muddy River, which flowed from Jamaica Pond through the Fens, be included in the park plan. The current was dredged into a winding stream and directed into the Charles River. The corridor encompassing the river became the linear park still in existence today. Olmsted's vision of a linear park of walking paths along a gentle stream connecting numerous small ponds was complete by the turn of the century. The parks conceived by Olmsted, from Storrow Drive south to Franklin Park, were collectively listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Olmsted Park System.

Over the past decade, almost $60 million in capital expenditures for parks and waterway improvements have been made in the Emerald Necklace by the City of Boston and the Town of Brookline. These efforts have included improved pathways, plantings and signage, bridge repairs, and the restoration of boardwalks and buildings. In some areas (especially the woodlands of Franklin Park and Olmsted Park) these efforts have only begun to address the over 50 years of neglect the Emerald Necklace has suffered.

Several dedicated parks organizations, including the Emerald Necklace Conservancy, the Friends of the Public Garden, the Franklin Park Coalition, and the Arboretum Park Conservancy, were created to protect, maintain, restore and advocate for the Emerald Necklace parks through the work of their staff, the donations of their constituents and the efforts of their volunteers.

Shape
The Emerald Necklace begins near Boston's Downtown Crossing, proceeds along the Boston–Brookline border, then curves into Jamaica Plain. At the south border of Arnold Arboretum, at the point most distant from its beginning, the Emerald Necklace is in Roslindale. It then hooks back up into Roxbury and Dorchester.

Olmsted's original plan called for a U-shaped necklace which terminated at Boston Harbor. The final link, the Dorchesterway, was never realized.

Jurisdiction

 * Arnold Arboretum is leased to and managed by Harvard University.
 * The west banks of Olmsted Park and the Riverway are under the jurisdiction of Brookline Parks & Open Space.
 * The majority of the Emerald Necklace is maintained by Boston Parks and Recreation with a small portion belonging to the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

Emerald Necklace Conservancy
The Emerald Necklace Conservancy is a private non-profit stewardship organization founded in 1998. Its mission is to restore and improve the Emerald Necklace for all. To steward the Emerald Necklace’s 1,100 acres of parkland extending from Boston’s Back Bay through Brookline and Jamaica Plain to Franklin Park in Dorchester, the conservancy works in collaboration with its partners on advocacy, maintenance and restoration, education and access, and promoting park stewardship through volunteer and youth programs.

Governed by a board of directors, the conservancy brings together representatives of both the private and public sectors to carry out these goals. Its activities complement the longstanding initiatives of its public partners, the Boston Parks & Recreation Department, Brookline Parks and Open Space and the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation.

The Conservancy offers a wide range of services to visitors of the Emerald Necklace including events, guided tours, a mobile tour guide, volunteer opportunities and youth programs.

Plans
The Emerald Necklace Parks Master Plan was completed in 1989, and updated in 2001.

The parks have long been subject to flooding from the Muddy River. The Muddy River Restoration Project will dredge contaminated sediments and implement other major structural improvements, unburying the river and improving its integrity, appearance, and flood control capabilities. Phase I – daylighting the river at the Landmark Center – began spring 2009.

The parks have similarly been attempting to mitigate the spread of Phragmites (an invasive species). Olmsted's initial view of a park with linear composition is being compromised due to the common reed. Unfortunately it has taken a lot of conservation efforts in order to limit this plant's spread, making it more difficult to achieve Olmsted's vision.

title: Emerald Necklace


text:
Peter Collinson (botanist)

Peter Collinson FRS (January 1694 – 11 August 1768) was an English gardener, botanist and horticulturist. A Fellow of the Royal Society and an avid gardener, Collinson served as the middleman for an international exchange of scientific ideas in Georgian era London.

Life and work
Born the son of a London woollen draper, Collinson entered his father's business and developed an interest in botany. His family belonged to the Gracechurch Street Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (i.e. Quakers).

In October 1728, Collinson wrote to Sir Hans Sloane, President of the Royal Society, about strange events in Kent and on 7 November 1728, he was proposed for Fellowship of the Society.

Collinson supported the struggle of Thomas Coram, William Hogarth, and others to establish a charitable institution that would welcome babies abandoned by their mothers. A royal charter to start the Foundling Hospital was granted by George II on 17 October 1739. The charter lists Collinson as a founding governor.

Although Collinson was a cloth merchant by vocation, largely trading with North America, his real love was gardening. Through his business contacts, he obtained samples of seeds and plants from around the world. Collinson's personal plant collections, first at Peckham and later at Mill Hill became famous. He came to realise that there was a market for such things in England and, in the late 1730s, began to import North American botanical seeds for English collectors to grow through financing the travels of John Bartram. Yearly, he distributed the New World seeds collected by Bartram to British gentry, nurserymen, and natural scientists including Dillenius, Philip Miller, Lord Petre, the Dukes of Richmond and Norfolk, James Gordon, John Busch, etc. Collinson was also the patron of the artist and natural historian Mark Catesby. His presentation copy of Catesby's Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands was passed down to his grandson Charles Streynsham Collinson (1753-1834) and was sold for £15 10s after his death

Collinson maintained an extensive correspondence and was friendly with notable scientists in London and abroad including Sloane, Carl Linnaeus, Gronovius, Dr. John Fothergill, Cadwallader Colden, and Benjamin Franklin. Collinson was a particular patron of the Philadelphia scientific community assisting the fledgling American Philosophical Society founded by Bartram and Franklin in 1743. He also served for many years as the purchasing agent for the Library Company of Philadelphia. It was through Collinson that Franklin first communicated to the Royal Society what would in 1751 be published as Experiments and Observations on Electricity.

He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1747.

Whilst living in Mill Hill, he lived in what is now the Ridgeway House boarding house of Mill Hill School. Furthermore, the school also has a Collinson House and more recently a Cedars House, named after the trees Collinson planted.

title: Peter Collinson (botanist)


text:
User talk:Bo

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
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Thanks
I appreciate your comments encouraging me. I am pacing myself and I know how to take breaks so I should avoid burn out. LarryQ 13:55, 7 June 2006 (UTC)

Spelling in Colonial America
Hey, no problem. I'm just doing some spell checking on articles I come across, sometimes even hitting the random article link to see what comes up. --Pigman (talk • contribs) 02:48, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

 * bokonbos385@gmail.com 36.37.194.239 (talk) 15:51, 2 April 2023 (UTC)

Number of British Colonies
Not that it matters, but there were actually 31 British colonies at the time.

I counted the ones listed in the British North America article, for 1775, and I only got to 20. Where the other 11 not mainland North America, or do we need to update the BNA article with the additional colonies? Bo 01:33, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

Still Around?
Bo, you still around? You have not edited in a while. I appreciate the support and encouragement you gave me when I started here. I hope I can be equally supportive now. Anything I can help you with to help you regain some wikizeal? LarryQ 21:56, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

Re:your email
Thanks for the email. Glad I could help.

RepublicUK will probably start an AfD on the article soon, so keep an eye on the article and don't forget to participate in the deletion discussion! Also, remember that AfD is not a vote; no matter how many show up in support, concrete references from independent sources will be needed to keep the article from being deleted. So you may want to be prepared for that. Good luck, and if there's anything you need help with, let me know. Kafziel Talk 19:15, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

RepublicUK
I have attempted to engage them but they have discourteously deleted my comments and then replied with uncivil sentiments. --Couter-revolutionary 14:12, 24 February 2007 (UTC) I'm just suggesting: Don't let the delete on 'his' user page get you flustered.

If the point you raise is valid, and well worded, raising it on the talk/discussion page will do the trick. And his "I'm with the Republic UK" claim would give the administrators 'proof' of anti Realm bias. (They'll still find it if they look at his history, but now its gone from his user page, which might be all they would look at when the AfD 'vote' is tallied.) Bo 14:32, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

Constitutional Monarchy
Sorry, I am new to all this, and thought you were the source of the bogus "and Lukis Monsterious" link, which I found still present after your edit, and deleted.Sheldon Novick 16:49, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Be careful about associating names with the 'vandal' word. Vandalism is a justification for blocks.  I too had removed the 'and Lukis' stuff.  Using 'diff' helps you see who did what when. (I actually RVV'd it twice for that same 'bogus link').

Proposed Micronation Wikiproject
I've published a proposal to gauge the level of interest in setting up a micronation Wikiproject, which I thought might be of interest to you based on your past contributions. Comments and suggestions are welcome: WikiProject_Council/Proposals --Gene_poole 02:22, 29 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your interest. The project proposal above has been successful, so I would like to invite you to add your name to the new project page: WikiProject_Micronations. --Gene_poole 00:21, 31 May 2007 (UTC)
 * You don't have to "do" anything if you don't want to. Wikiprojects are merely opportunities for those with shared interests to marshall their resources in order to improve the standards of a group of articles. Anyone can add to the list of tasks, take on any of the open tasks, or participate in any discussions as and when it suits them, here: WikiProject_Micronations. --Gene_poole 06:05, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

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 * It doesn't seem to have harmed the article much, and I'm frankly becoming disillusioned with the whole wikipedia mess. 'Speedy Deleting' an image that was up for a LONG time makes little sense to me - and 'blasting away' an image that I might not be able to reproduce (even if I wanted to) with out waiting to see if I would re-release under an 'acceptable' license makes even less - especially when the license was 'acceptable' when first I posted the image.

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Sneads High School Logo.gif
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Precision bombing
No problem. The voice of the article was admittingly a bit unusual so I suspected a copy-and-paste, so I searched a sentence and found the source. It seems sufficiently neutral, and my knowledge on the subject is slim, so I thought it'd be sufficient just to cite the article: it is indeed a major improvement from before, from what I read in the previous revisions. The real pains were finding the right attribution templates, and figuring out what the Chinese word for building implosion would be so that I can fix the interwiki link that somehow landed on this article. ;-) Kelvinc (talk) 06:31, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Duplicate Image:Dbwf fullarms.gif
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modifying other users' comments
Please don't break up comments in talk pages to reply point-by-point. In general, comments in talk pages should be regarded as sacrosanct; it's not ok to edit other peoples' comments as a general rule. I would much have preferred if you would not have broken up my comment into little pieces here: and I'd like to request you not to do that again with my comments. Thanks. Tb (talk) 21:23, 21 April 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for trying to work collaboratively
I appreciate your taking the time to work on User:JamesMLane/Robinson sandbox, but there's really no point in continuing. My idea was that all of us would collaborate to create the RfC with a fair and concise statement of each position, and that only after that language was in place would the RfC be posted. Instead, however, Banjeboi disdained participating in that process and posted the RfC unilaterally. A few people responded before I could even present my side.

The RfC is now in full swing. Banjeboi's action has rendered the sandbox page a dead letter. I personally don't intend to work on it any more, despite the time I already invested in it. JamesMLane t c 11:56, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:DBWF Flag.png
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Mission partner status?
Hi Bo. I saw this edit you made to the ACNA article, but it's missing context. You mention "mission partner status" without explaining what "mission partner status" is and why it needs to be mentioned in the article. You may know what this means, but most Wikipedia readers will not. Please add some context. Ltwin (talk) 05:39, 20 May 2010 (UTC)

 * It means, among other things that their Bishops won't be part of the college of Bishops, (they'll avoid the 'dual citizenship issue, by remaining under Rwanda, not ++Duncan). Should I add a paragraph in 'structure' to cover 'Mission Partners' to explain it, or try to work in the 'explanation' in line with the addition?

 * Hmm. That's tough. IMO, it would depend on how much information about mission partners there are. If there's alot (Are there more institutions that have mission partner status with ACNA or is AMiA the only one?) it may need to be given more attention in the structure section. Don't the CandC's mention mission partners? I think it did but I'm not sure. This is interesting to me. Where did you get this info? Does this mean that AMiA will not be a "diocese, cluster, or network" of ACNA? We may need to talk about it in the structure section, but I think for now just mentioning it at the addition will be fine. Also, I'll copy this discussion on the ACNA talk page. Thanks for the reply. Ltwin (talk) 00:16, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Sourced from Episcopal Life, Virtue Online and Stand Firm, a communique from AMiA Bishop and a 'letter' from ++Duncan. Yes, it means that'll not be a 'diocese, cluster, or network' (they hold a 'nine diocese count' in the college of Bishops at present).  Yes the C&C mentions them (Mission Partners).  The other 'mission partners' at present as I understand it are Seminaries that aren't ACNA only (Nashota House and VTS, I think).

 * So if I understand you, the nine dioceses currently of AMiA will not be represented in the College of Bishops and this takes effect in June. How do you think the AMiA's holding out of full membership will effect ACNA? The Episcopal Life, Virtue Online and StandFirm articles should be online. Do you know the specific links to those pages? We'll need sources. Is the AMiA communique and letter from Duncan online by chance? Thanks again for the info.Ltwin (talk) 03:27, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

 * The 'nine count' is via a 'network' rather than as nine dioceses (I think), and the status of the bishops at the Boston meeting is apparently that they'll be in the college until their change of relationship is approved by the college.

Episcopal life spins as 'the beginning of the death' of ACNA (of course), SF takes it as 'the Rwandan Connection' is firm (No questions about being in the communion as a Bishop in the HoB of Rwanda), and Rwanda the 'friends on the same journey' is probably a 'good thing', Virtue had just the 'news' bit when I was there. The only one I book marked was Stand Firm (unlike the other two, SF seems to have a wide range of opinions represented). I haven't seen Duncan's letter except in 'excerpts' by the 'spin masters' at Episcopal life...

http://www.standfirminfaith.com/?/sf/page/26099

 * Nothing on the ACNA's site right now, but the AMiA's site has the Communiqué. I suppose we should go ahead at write about mission partners in the structure section. Later, like after the AMiA's status officially changes, we'll need to explain this in the history section. But that'll probably need to wait until this actually takes affect. Also, the AMiA's page will need updating. Ltwin (talk) 04:31, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Bo


text:
Beloslav

Beloslav (Белослав ) is a small industrial town in Varna Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located 19 km away to the west from Varna downtown and Bulgarian Black Sea coast. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Beloslav Municipality. As of December 2009, the town had a population of 7,937. Beloslav is located along the eastern edge of Lake Beloslav and on both sides of the canal connecting it with Lake Varna. The two parts of town are connected by a vehicle and passenger ferry across the canal. A road bridge is to be built in the near future over the canal east of town carrying a bypass of the E87 international highway now passing through downtown Varna via the Asparuhov most bridge.

Beloslav is an ancient settlement populated probably about 12,000 years ago. The first settlers inhabited the cave near today's town, where 12,000-year-old items were found. Around the 5th century BC the Thracians settled in the region. The town was also known as Krushevo, Gebedzhe (Gebece), Belovo, and Belevo. The Ottoman name is still used today in certain situations.

Beloslav is a transportation and industrial hub of national significance, part of the Varna-Devnya Industrial Complex. Transportation facilities include the railway and ro-ro ferry terminal with lines to Ukraine, Russia and Georgia served by the Sindel-razpredelitelna marshalling yard, the seaports of Varna Power Plant and LesPort of the Port of Varna complex, and a couple of railway stations. The largest (1320 MW capacity plus an 880 MW natural gas-fueled installation under development) thermal power plant in the nation, TEC Varna, part of the CEZ Group, and the Terem Flotski Arsenal shipbuilding/repair yard, comprising also an Oceanic-Creations facility, are located just east of town. TEC Varna materialized the largest cash privatization deal in the nation after 1989.

Beloslav is an old centre of artistic glassblowing and fireproof glassmaking and currently supplies glass vials to international pharmaceutical companies. In 2007, development of a new business and logistics centre started on the site of a former glass factory; it will also include two new manufacturing facilities and a port terminal for handling natural gas condensate, and will create a total of 2,000 jobs. The northeastern industrial park also contains several construction operations.

Beloslav is the seat of a municipality, which also includes the following villages:

 * Ezerovo
 * Razdelna
 * Strashimirovo

title: Beloslav


text:
Timeline of organized crime

This is a timeline of the history of organized crime.

 * 1860-1869: affirmation of the Sicilian mafia.
 * 1870s: 1870 - 1871 - 1872 - 1873 - 1874 - 1875 - 1876 - 1877 - 1878 - 1879
 * 1880s: 1880 - 1881 - 1882 - 1883 - 1884 - 1885 - 1886 - 1887 - 1888 - 1889
 * 1890s: 1890 - 1891 - 1892 - 1893 - 1894 - 1895 - 1896 - 1897 - 1898 - 1899
 * 1900s: 1900 - 1901 - 1902 - 1903 - 1904 - 1905 - 1906 - 1907 - 1908 - 1909
 * 1910s: 1910 - 1911 - 1912 - 1913 - 1914 - 1915 - 1916 - 1917 - 1918 - 1919
 * 1920s: 1920 - 1921 - 1922 - 1923 - 1924 - 1925 - 1926 - 1927 - 1928 - 1929
 * 1930s: 1930 - 1931 - 1932 - 1933 - 1934 - 1935 - 1936 - 1937 - 1938 - 1939
 * 1940s: 1940 - 1941 - 1942 - 1943 - 1944 - 1945 - 1946 - 1947 - 1948 - 1949
 * 1950s: 1950 - 1951 - 1952 - 1953 - 1954 - 1955 - 1956 - 1957 - 1958 - 1959
 * 1960s: 1960 - 1961 - 1962 - 1963 - 1964 - 1965 - 1966 - 1967 - 1968 - 1969
 * 1970s: 1970 - 1971 - 1972 - 1973 - 1974 - 1975 - 1976 - 1977 - 1978 - 1979
 * 1980s: 1980 - 1981 - 1982 - 1983 - 1984 - 1985 - 1986 - 1987 - 1988 - 1989
 * 1990s: 1990 - 1991 - 1992 - 1993 - 1994 - 1995 - 1996 - 1997 - 1998 - 1999
 * 2000s: 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009
 * 2010s: 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019
 * 2020s: 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024 - 2025 - 2026 - 2027 - 2028 - 2029

title: Timeline of organized crime


text:
List of association football rivalries

This list of association football rivalries catalogues football rivalries around the world. This includes rivalries at the club and international level, including local derby and intercontinental competitions. It also lists rivalries between individual players, managers, and one another.

International
This list uses the geographic confederation classifications issues by International Association Football Federation (FIFA): CAF (Africa), AFC (Asia and Australia), UEFA (Europe), CONCACAF (North & Central America and the Caribbean), OFC (Oceania) and CONMEBOL (South America).

title: List of association football rivalries


text: User talk:Arrkhal

title: User talk:Arrkhal


text:
Talk:Star of Life

Untitled
Have wondered, if an ambulance does not display the symbol, is it due to some standard not being met? Or is the symbol optional, according to agency-commander or company-owner preference? j/w - knoodelhed 18:04, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I imagine it might depend on the circumstances... for instance, non-professionals rescuers (like the Malteseren in Germany) have their own signs; or some countries might use the Red cross, the Red crescent, or something in this idea... In any case, the symbol is not regulated, you don't have to display it, nor are you forbidden to display it if you so whish (though one who would display it would certainly be expected to have some training in field emergency). I don't know whether this answers the question ? If not, ask again ! :) Cheers ! Rama 05:55, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Orange star?
The first paragraph claims "A similar orange star is used for search and rescue personnel." I don't find this claim attested in any of the external citations. It should be either supported or deleted.207.172.87.49 15:12, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Legal Issues using the Star of Life
Since I can't figure out how to respond to the earlier comment, I'll address the issue in a new one. The use of the "Star of Life" is restricted by the NHTSA based on its use as a "certification symbol."

According to the article found here, the use of the Star of Life is restricted, in that "... [Its] use on emergency medical vehicles certifies that such vehicles meet the U.S. Department of Transportation standards and certify that the emergency medical care personnel who use it have been trained to meet these standards." However, the article does not site a specific source/website/government document with that information. I know that as an EMT and part of a volunteer EMS organization, ride-along (usually EMT students) observers that wear jumpsuits are required to cover up the Star of Life on the shoulder of the jumpsuit, as it indicates a level of training they have not yet received. As well, for our organization, policy dictates that any person wearing a Star of Life must act, upon request, to aid in any emergency situation to the extent of their training/protocols as an EMT.

I was unable to find any page specific to the rules and regulations of the Star of Life on the DoT website; however, there is a manual that can be ordered that appears to address such regulations. Due to my lack of enthusiasm for the expenditure, I'll go based on secondhand information. I did find this document on the DoT website which mentions the requirements for an emergency vehicle to carry the Star of Life. The document itself is a manual published for the Emergency Vehicle Operator Course.

This information probably should be included in the article. As I'm new to Wikipedia, I'll leave that up to someone more experienced if they'd like to volunteer. If it doesn't go up in a couple of weeks, I'll do the requisite research and writing myself.

As a sidenote, I'd like to take issue with Wikipedia's using the Star of Life symbol to represent all medical articles (or at least, it's the symbol that comes up next to the "stub" indicator for medical articles). The Star of Life is a prominent symbol in emergency medicine only; it is not considered a representative symbol of medicine in general. I don't know where to post a comment about this, so I'll just throw it out here in hopes that someone with more Wikipedia expertise than I will address it.

Jcsimpson 19:21, 28 November 2006 (UTC)Cres

Star of Life is usually called Cross of Constantine in Serbia. It is beleived that the origins of that signs are in the shape of the Labarum of Constantine the Great.

Scope2776 10:10, 29 December 2006 (UTC) While an ambulance agency can certainly meet all the national requirements and not display the Star of Life, the logo is a historical symbol of EMS care and workers. Furthermore the symbol since 1997, when the patent expired and was gifted to a non-governmental agency, there is no enforcement on its use. When it was used the NHTSA had very strict guidelines for its use because it was at that time, in the late 1970's, a seal of approval by the government on the standard of pre-hospital care. To-date it is still used because of its public awareness and historical meanings. The logo has in fact grown-up with the emergency medical system since its birth.

User:WoutR 21 december 2009

The NHTSA EMS "Star of Life" Manual can be found here:

DOT HS 808 721 Rev. June 1995 http://www.ems.gov/vgn-ext-templating/ems/sol/index.htm (I don't know about the legal issues or the international limits of use)

My recent edits should address a lot of questions about use internationally, trademarks, and standards SCBY (talk) 05:19, 30 December 2021 (UTC)

International Scope
This article seems very American-centric, with one brief mention of the Star of Life being used internationally. Perhaps it should be edited for a broader scope. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.59.129.42 (talk) 19:39, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The link to this page said a global symbol. In New Zealand it is not a registered nurse and have not seen it. I also have search and rescue experience and it is not used in that setting either. Seems American. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 222.153.24.246 (talk) 02:52, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
 * The Star of Life is used on ambulances in Sweden instead of the red cross.--Christoffre (talk) 13:28, 4 September 2009 (UTC)

Claim of Expiration
The article claims that the trademark (or patent, depending on version) has expired, but examination of trademark registration number 1058022 shows it to still be valid, and renewed in 2007. I can find no basis for the claim of expiration--not even in the citation given or either version in the Wayback archive immediately prior to and following the cited date.Peter K. Sheerin, K6WEB (talk) 04:55, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

 * If you have the information, then it would be great for the article to update with correct and cited information. Are you able to give a citation for the updated information? OwainDavies (about)(talk) edited at 14:23, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

I added a citation for this. NREMT's registration expired but they later registered a different logo incorporating it. USDOT also holds a mark in the US, but this is basically limited to domestic enforcement. In other countries, it is basically unregulated, or the national services may hold a trademark to similarly restrict unqualified individuals from using the emblem or putting it on their vehicles. SCBY (talk) 05:24, 30 December 2021 (UTC)

Addition to ambulances
In the article, it states that the Star of Life was created in 1973 & trademarked in 1977. Which year did they begin adding the Star of Life to ambulances? 1973? 1977? Some year in between? 24.250.3.55 (talk) 23:18, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

The snake emblem:
The article states: "The snake emblem is a symbol from the biblical account of the bronze snake found in Numbers 21:4-9. This is incorrect, the snake emblem is the Rod of Asclepius (also called the Staff of Ascelpius / Aesculapius). It is correct ,the greeks got it from biblical acct.

However, the article later mentions the Rod of Asclepius: "The snake emblem also reflects the Rod of Asclepius, widely used as the symbol of medical care worldwide."

But placing this later in the text is misleading.

The symbol is the Rod of Asclepius, used to represent many medical organisations and this was why Leo R. Schwartz used it in the Star of Life. This is the main topic of this section, and should at least be placed at the top. Reference to the biblical story is mentioned only as an additional reference in the trademark text. The origin of the Rod of Asclepius and it's link to the Nehushtan is discussed on it's own Wikipedia page.

This error seems to have been corrected at least twice before, but keeps reverting back to this format. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jasonoz007 (talk • contribs) 16:59, 31 May 2018 (UTC)

Copyright and "governed by"
I have removed unsourced claims about the symbol being "governed by" the NHTSA, as well the unsourced claim about the NHTSA holding copyright of the symbol, since it seems to me that the NHTSA cannot hold copyright of the symbol, and I doubt that it would meet the threshold of originality anyway. The NHTSA does hold the trademark in the United States, as is mentioned further down in the article with proper sources. (Courtesy ping and  – discussion welcome) — Lauritz Thomsen (talk) 12:50, 29 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, trademark not copyright. My bad. But nuking the whole para makes sense. --John Maynard Friedman (talk) 13:12, 29 August 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Star of Life


text:
User talk:Agnul

Hello! I was looking at new images on Commons and saw the nice picture from Trinity College, Dublin. You may already have noticed this, but it is not possible to link to the image from the English Wikipedia, as there is an image there from Trinity College in Cambridge with exactly the same name. You need to re-upload it to Commons under a more specific name. / up+land 18:04, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Agnul


text:
Belogradchik

Belogradchik (Белоградчик; ) is a town in Vidin Province, northwestern Bulgaria, and is the administrative centre of the homonymous municipality. The town is situated in the foothills of the Balkan Mountains just east of the Serbian border and about 50 km south of the Danube River. The town is close to the Belogradchik Rocks, which cover an area of 90 square kilometers and reach up to 200 meters in height. , it had a population of 5,334.

Tourism
The town is a tourist destination. Local landmarks include the medieval Belogradchik Fortress and the Belogradchik Rocks.

Other tourist attractions in the area are the nearby Magura Cave, famous for its prehistoric cave paintings, and the Baba Vida medieval fortress in the nearby town of Vidin on the Danube river.

title: Belogradchik


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At Budokan

At Budokan, At the Budokan, Live at Budokan or Live at the Budokan may refer to:

1970s:
 * Live at the Budokan (Ian Gillan Band album), 1977 album by Ian Gillan Band
 * Cheap Trick at Budokan, 1978 album by Cheap Trick
 * Bob Dylan at Budokan, 1979 album by Bob Dylan
 * Live in Budokan, 1979 live album by Pink Lady

1980s:
 * One Night at Budokan, 1981 album by the Michael Schenker Group
 * Quincy Jones Live at Budokan, 1981 album by Quincy Jones
 * Willie Nelson Live at Budokan, 1984 album by Willie Nelson

1990s:
 * Live at Budokan (Stormtroopers of Death album), 1992 album by Stormtroopers of Death
 * Hiatt Comes Alive at Budokan?, 1994 album by John Hiatt
 * Live at the Budokan (Blur album), 1996 album by Blur
 * Live at Budokan (Mr. Big album), 1997 album by Mr. Big
 * Live at the Budokan (Chic album), 1999 album by Chic

2000s:
 * Live at Budokan (Ozzy Osbourne album), 2002 album by Ozzy Osbourne
 * Live at the Budokan (Bryan Adams album), 2003 CD/DVD by Bryan Adams
 * Live at Budokan, 2003 album by Sheryl Crow
 * Live at Budokan (Dream Theater album), 2004 album by Dream Theater
 * Live at Budokan (2005 film), 2005 concert video by Butch Walker
 * Live at Budokan: Bonez Tour, 2005 album by Avril Lavigne
 * Eizō Sakuhinshū Vol. 2, 2005 live DVD by Asian Kung-Fu Generation
 * Zone Final Live in Nippon Budokan, 2005 live concert by Zone
 * Budōkaaaaaaaaaan!!!!!, 2009 live DVD by Perfume (Japanese band)
 * Back to Budokan, 2009 live album by Mr. Big
 * Joe Hisaishi in Budokan: 25 years with the Animations of Hayao Miyazaki, 2009 live concert by Joe Hisaishi with Tokyo Symphony Orchestra
 * Dancing at Budokan!!, 2009 live album by Superfly

2010s:
 * Uroboros: With the Proof in the Name of Living... - At Nippon Budokan, 2010 live DVD by Dir En Grey
 * This Is my Budokan?!, 2011 live DVD by One Ok Rock
 * SCANDAL Japan Title Match Live 2012 – SCANDAL vs Budokan by Scandal
 * Experienced II: Embrace Tour 2013 Budokan, live album and video by Boom Boom Satellites
 * Live at Budokan: Red Night & Black Night Apocalypse, 2015 live video album by Babymetal

title: At Budokan


text: User talk:82.43.115.5

title: User talk:82.43.115.5


text:
Alf Evers

Alf Evers (February 2, 1905 – December 29, 2004) was an American historian who lived in Ulster County, New York for much of his life and wrote lengthy, definitive histories of the Catskills and Woodstock, serving the latter as town historian. At the time of his death his history of Kingston was nearly complete and awaited publication.

Biography
Evers was born in the Bronx neighborhood of Williamsbridge and lived there till the age of nine, when his parents moved to a farm near Tillson. He developed a passion for history from the many stories of the farmhands, the work of British naturalist Gilbert White and collecting Native American arrowheads with one of his high school teachers in New Paltz.

He attended Hamilton College and, after graduation, returned to the city and the Art Students League, where he met his wife, illustrator Helen Baker. They eventually settled in Litchfield, Connecticut, where they wrote and illustrated 50 children's books together, most telling fables in a simple prose style that earned comparisons to Aesop, and raised three children Jane, Barbara and Christopher Evers.

In 1950 he and his wife divorced. He chose to return to Ulster and begin the first of three histories that would define his later career.

The Catskills: From Wilderness to Woodstock, published in 1972 (with a later afterword to the 1984 edition) is a comprehensive 720-page history of a region that had previously been lacking for one. Extensive research went into covering every aspect of a long and tangled story, with special attention paid to the folklore that Evers had first heard from inhabitants of the region as a boy.

His home in Shady, New York, which served as a Catskills museum, library, and archive, has been listed on the State Registry of Historic Places. A park honoring Alf Evers is located outside the Woodstock Historical Society museum on Comeau Drive in the town of Woodstock, New York. Evers' library of over 1000 books is owned by the Woodstock Byrdcliffe Guild.

title: Alf Evers


text:
Boboshevo

Boboshevo (Бобошево ) is a town in Western Bulgaria. It is located in Kyustendil Province and is close to the towns of Kocherinovo and Rila.

The town of Boboshevo is situated about 75 km to the south of Sofia and 65 km from Bulgaria's prime skiing destination, Bansko. It is approximately 4 km away from Boboshevo is the main road that connects Sofia with the Greek border.

Boboshevo lies in the lowest part of the southwestern ridge of the Rila Mountains, in the fertile valley of the Struma River (where it meets with the German River). Thanks to its favourable location and mild climate, the area of Boboshevo has been populated since antiquity.

The Boboshevo region is known also as the 'Bulgarian Jerusalem' along with the region of Ohrid due to its role of a cultural centre during the 15th to the 17th century. The region is rich in churches and monasteries, most of which date back to that period.

The most famous of these is the St Dimitar Monastery, which lies in the lower eastern part of the Ruen Mountain. It is an extremely precious representative of medieval architecture, possessing the highest value — a monument of national importance — according to the Bulgarian criteria of listing. The church (as it now stands) was constructed during the last quarter of the 15th century. It has one nave, one round apse, and is covered by a semi-spheric vault. The wall paintings cover both the walls and the ceiling entirely, as well as the western façade. They are dated to 1488 and are extremely valuable, which goes beyond national cultural boundaries and provokes the interest of many Balkan researchers, tourists and pilgrims.

St Dimitar is one of the oldest monasteries in Bulgaria having existed since the First Bulgarian Empire, around the 10th century. After being destroyed during the Ottoman invasion in Bulgaria in the late 14th century, it was reconstructed in 1488.

The monastery is not only significant because of its age. It is treasured also because one of Bulgaria's greatest heroes and the country's patron saint, St Ivan Rilski, got his start there. St. Dimitar hosted St Ivan Rilski during his early years of monkhood, before he moved to live as a hermit in a nearby cave and then founded the famous Rila monastery.

In 2002–2003, another monastery was built in the region. It is located in the neighbourhood of the village Skrino and is named after St Ivan Rilski for his being born in the same village. A steep path starts from the monastery and leads up in the mountains to the cave where St Ivan Rilski used to live.

Located nearby in the neighbourhood of the Slatino village, an Eneolithic settlement with valuable objects of the early 5th millennium BC was uncovered during excavations. In addition to more than 500 ceramic objects, qualified as true masterpieces of fine art, there is a unique finding of an oven model with a lunar calendar painted on its bottom. The calendar is the oldest of its kind found anywhere in Europe.

Today, Boboshevo is a quiet little town with picturesque houses, a few coffee shops and bars.

Landmarks

 * Church of St Theodore
 * Church of St Demetrius
 * Church of St Elijah
 * Church of St Athanasius
 * Church of the Holy Mother of God
 * Ruen Monastery

title: Boboshevo


text:
The Mask (1994 film)

The Mask is a 1994 American superhero comedy film directed by Chuck Russell and produced by Bob Engelman from a screenplay by Mike Werb and a story by Michael Fallon and Mark Verheiden. It is the first film in The Mask franchise, loosely based on the 1989–1991 premiere comic book of the series of the same name by Mike Richardson, published by Dark Horse Comics. It stars Jim Carrey in the title role along with: Peter Riegert, Peter Greene, Amy Yasbeck, Richard Jeni, and Cameron Diaz in her film debut. Carrey plays Stanley Ipkiss, an ordinary man who finds a magical wooden mask that transforms him into the titular green-faced troublemaker who can cartoonishly alter himself and his surroundings at will. Filming began on August 30, 1993, and concluded in October 1993.

The film was released on July 29, 1994, by New Line Cinema, becoming a critical and commercial success. The film grossed over $351 million on an $18–23 million budget, which made it the most profitable film based on a comic up to that point. The film also influenced the resurgence of swing music in the 1990s. It cemented Carrey's reputation as a significant actor of the 1990s, and it established Diaz as a leading lady. Carrey was nominated for a Golden Globe for his role, and the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, but lost to Forrest Gump. A standalone sequel without Jim Carrey, Son of the Mask, was released in 2005 to critical and commercial failure.

Plot
In Edge City, insecure bank teller Stanley Ipkiss is frequently ridiculed by everyone except for his co-worker and best friend, Charlie Schumaker. Meanwhile, gangster Dorian Tyrell, whose boss Niko owns the Coco Bongo nightclub, plots to overthrow Niko. One day, Tyrell sends his dazzling singer-girlfriend, Tina Carlyle, into the bank to record its layout for an upcoming robbery. Stanley is attracted to Tina and she seemingly reciprocates.

After being denied entrance to the Coco Bongo to watch Tina perform, Stanley's faulty loaner car breaks down during his drive home. While looking over the harbor bridge in despair, he tries rescuing a humanoid figure in the waters but finds it to be a pile of garbage concealing a wooden mask. Upon returning to his apartment and donning the mask, he is transformed into a green-faced and zoot-suited trickster, known as "The Mask", who can cartoonishly alter himself and his surroundings at will. With newfound confidence, Stanley indulges in a comical rampage through the city, humiliating several of his tormentors, including his temperamental landlady, Agnes Peenman, and the mechanics who gave him the faulty car.

The next morning, Stanley encounters detective Lieutenant Mitch Kellaway and newspaper reporter Peggy Brandt, who are investigating the Mask's activity. To obtain the funds necessary to attend Tina's performance, Stanley dons the mask and raids the bank, inadvertently foiling Tyrell's robbery. At the Coco Bongo, Stanley dances exuberantly with Tina, whom he ends up kissing. Shortly after, Tyrell confronts him for disrupting the robbery and Stanley flees, leaving behind a scrap of cloth from his suit, which reverts into a piece of his pajamas. After arresting Tyrell and his henchman, Kellaway finds the piece of cloth and suspects Stanley's involvement.

Later, Stanley consults psychiatrist Arthur Neuman, who has recently published a book on masks, and deduces that the mask may be a creation of Loki and its powers are only active at night. Though Neuman believes it is mythology, he concludes that the Mask's personality is based on Stanley's repressed desires. That night, Stanley meets Tina at a local park as the Mask, until they are interrupted by Kellaway, who attempts to capture him. Stanley flees with Peggy after he distracts the police with a mass performance of the titular song from Cuban Pete; she then reluctantly betrays him to Tyrell for a fifty thousand dollar bounty. After Tyrell becomes a bulky and malevolent being when he dons the mask, he has his henchmen force Stanley to reveal the location of the stolen money before turning him into the police along with a green rubber mask to implicate Stanley.

When Tina visits Stanley at the station, he urges her to leave the city, but not before she thanks Stanley for showing her kindness and telling him that the mask was unnecessary. She attempts to flee but is kidnapped by Tyrell, who prepares her for the charity ball at the Coco Bongo, hosted by Niko and attended by the city's elite, including the mayor. Upon arrival, the masked Tyrell murders Niko and prepares to destroy the club with a time bomb. Stanley's dog, Milo, helps his owner escape from the station by retrieving the keys from the guard. Stanley sets out to stop Tyrell, taking Kellaway hostage.

After locking Kellaway in his car, Stanley enters the club and enlists Charlie's help, but he is quickly discovered and captured. Tina tricks Tyrell into removing the mask, which is recovered and donned by Milo, who battles his way through Tyrell's henchmen as Stanley and Tyrell fight each other. Stanley retrieves the mask, uses its powers to dispose of the bomb seconds before it detonates and then sends Tyrell down the drain of the club's ornamental fountain; the police arrive and arrest Tyrell's henchmen. Kellaway tries arresting Stanley again, but the mayor intervenes, implicating Tyrell as the Mask and praising Stanley as a hero.

The following day, Stanley, now falsely exonerated and more secure, returns to the harbor bridge with Tina, Charlie and Milo. Discarding the mask, Tina and Stanley share a kiss, to the latter's delight. Charlie then tries to retrieve the mask for himself, only for Milo to swim away with it.

Cast

 * Jim Carrey as Stanley Ipkiss / The Mask, a down-on-his-luck bank employee who is mistreated and taken advantage of by people. Carrey commented that he characterized Stanley after his own father: "a nice guy, just trying to get by". When he wears the Mask of Loki, Stanley becomes a green-faced and zoot-suited trickster known as The Mask, who can animate and alter himself and his surroundings at will.
 * Peter Greene as Dorian Tyrell, a rogue mafia officer who desires to overthrow his superior, Niko. When wearing the Mask, Tyrell becomes a bulky and malevolent being who speaks in a deep demonic voice.
 * Garret T. Sato and Jeep Swenson also portray the masked Tyrell.
 * Cameron Diaz as Tina Carlyle, Tyrell's glamorous and beautiful girlfriend, who becomes attracted to Stanley. Tina is dissatisfied with Tyrell as a partner but does not defy him until Stanley has courted her.
 * Susan Boyd provides Tina's uncredited singing voice
 * Orestes Matacena as Niko, Tyrell's superior and the owner of the Coco Bongo.
 * Peter Riegert as Lieutenant Mitch Kellaway, a slightly cynical police detective lieutenant who pursues the Mask, Tyrell, and Stanley throughout the film
 * Jim Doughan as Detective Doyle, Kellaway's amiable but slightly inept partner.
 * Richard Jeni as Charles "Charlie" Schumaker, Stanley's best friend. Charlie is amiable but can be selfish or irrational at times.
 * Amy Yasbeck as Peggy Brandt, a reporter looking for a scoop to get her out of the advice column.
 * Jeremy Roberts as Bobby, one of Tyrell's henchmen employed as the bouncer at the Coco Bongo and a friend of Charlie.
 * Ben Stein as Doctor Arthur Neuman, a psychiatrist who tells Stanley about the Mask's origins. He is also the author of the book The Masks We Wear, which deals with people portraying themselves differently on the outside to be accepted by others.
 * Ivory Ocean as Mitchell Tilton, the mayor of Edge City.
 * Reg E. Cathey as Freeze, one of Tyrell's henchmen and a loyal friend of his.
 * Denis Forest as Sweet Eddy, one of Tyrell's henchmen.
 * Eamonn Roche as Mr. Dickey, Stanley and Charlie's supervisor at Edge City Bank
 * Tim Bagley and Johnny Williams as Irv and Burt Ripley, the car mechanics who overcharge Stanley and gave him a faulty loner car
 * Nancy Fish as Agnes Peenman, Stanley's temperamental landlady.
 * Nils Allen Stewart as Orlando, one of Tyrell's henchmen.
 * Blake Clark as Murray, Peggy's supervisor at the city's local newspaper.
 * Joely Fisher as Maggie, a client who comes to buy concert tickets and blows Stanley off for her friend. She appears only in the beginning of the film.
 * Christopher Darga as a paramedic
 * Richard Montes, Daniel James Peterson and Kevin Grevioux as some of Tyrell's lesser henchmen
 * Scott McElroy and Howard Kay as Niko's bodyguards
 * Max as Milo, Stanley's Jack Russell Terrier. When wearing the Mask, Milo becomes quite aggressive and mischievous but is still friendly and loyal to his owner.

Development
In 1989, Mike Richardson and Todd Moyer, respectively the founder and Executive Vice President of Dark Horse Comics, first approached New Line Cinema about adapting the former's comic book The Mask (and the subsequent series) into a "dark horror" film, after having seen other offers. The main character went through several transformations, and the project was stalled a couple of times.

One unused "Mask" idea, according to Richardson, was to transform the story into one about a mask-maker who took faces off of corpses to put them on teens and turn them into zombies.

Initially intended to become a new horror franchise, New Line Cinema offered the job of directing the film to Chuck Russell. Russell found the violence of the comic to be off-putting and wanted the film to be less grim and adult-oriented and more fun and family-friendly than the source material, redeveloping it as a comedy film.

Writing
Mike Werb says Chuck Russell tapped him after reading his script for Curious George for Imagine. The two decided to turn The Mask into a wild romantic comedy. Mike Werb wrote his first draft of The Mask in less than six weeks, and less than two months later, it was green-lit.

According to Mark Verheiden, they had a first draft screenplay for a film version done back in 1990. Verheiden then wrote the second draft in early 1991, adding more humor, and that ended up being the only work he did on The Mask. Veriheiden's revised draft included more instances of fourth wall breaking like "cameos" by critics Siskel and Ebert, and dark content such as excessive bloodshed and sexual assault. The characters Stanley, Kellaway, and Doyle carried into the final film; Stanley's girlfriend Kathleen (inspired by Kathy from the comics) evolved into Tina Carlyle while Scully and Vitelli became Dorian Tyrell and Niko, respectively. After that, the film entered development hell.

The dance sequence at Coco Bongo was inspired from Red Hot Riding Hood.

Casting
In the early stages various actors were suggested as possibilities for the lead role, including Rick Moranis, Martin Short, and Robin Williams. New Line executive Mike DeLuca sent a tape of Jim Carrey performing a sketch from the comedy show In Living Color to Richardson who was immediately impressed by the contortionist comedian. Director Chuck Russell had seen Carrey perform live at The Comedy Store and followed him on In Living Color and was keen to cast him in the film. Carrey was top of his list and the script had been rewritten for him but Nicolas Cage and Matthew Broderick were also kept in consideration. Producer Bob Engelman recalled Carrey had the flu during the filming:

Russell had wanted Anna Nicole Smith as Tina, but she had gone to do Naked Gun 33 1/3: The Final Insult instead. A costume director he had worked with had been recommending Cameron Diaz and they got her to audition for the part. The character was originally written as a good girl who is actually bad but after Diaz was cast the part was rewritten to make her genuinely a good person. Mike Richardson said to Forbes that Diaz was great on making the movie. "If you watch the film again, you'll notice scenes where Jim and Cameron are together. If you watch her face, oftentimes, Jim was doing something, and she would break out laughing the minute the scene ended".

Visual effects
The Mask's visual effects were handled by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) and Dream Quest Images. The sequences in the film which involved computer animation were supervised by ILM animation director Wes Takahashi. Although many VFX scenes had to be cut for budget, New Line invested more heavily on the special effects, as Jim Carrey was not yet an established star. Russell videotaped the rehearsals, then worked to design the effects out of Carrey's performance: "I insisted on working off Jim's face, on making the action organic to Jim's performance. No matter how good the effect is, if it's not coming out of character and story, it's not going to be effective ... The guys at ILM said they figured I saved about a million bucks once I got Jim, just on what he was able to do, versus what we intended to do originally."

Make-up effects artist Greg Cannom wanted to bring out Carrey's exaggerated facial expressions through makeup. Carrey's daily makeup sessions took four hours. The costume included fake teeth meant to be used outside of dialogue scenes, but Carrey learned to wear them while talking to play the character more convincingly.

Soundtrack
Swing music featured prominently in the film, and Royal Crown Revue made an on-screen cameo, which in turn influenced the swing revival later in the decade.

The Mask: Music From the New Line Cinema Motion Picture was released on July 26, 1994, on Chaos Records through Sony Music Entertainment. It features music from: Xscape, Tony! Toni! Toné!, Vanessa Williams, Harry Connick Jr., Carrey himself and more. The songs "Cuban Pete" and "Hey Pachuco" were also used for the trailer of the 1997 Disney film Flubber.

 * 1) "Cuban Pete" (C & C Pop Radio Edit) – Jim Carrey
 * 2) "Who's That Man?" – Xscape
 * 3) "This Business of Love" – Domino
 * 4) "Bounce Around" – Tony! Toni! Toné!
 * 5) "(I Could Only) Whisper Your Name" – Harry Connick Jr.
 * 6) "You Would Be My Baby" – Vanessa Williams
 * 7) "Hi De Ho" – K7
 * 8) "Let the Good Times Roll" – Fishbone
 * 9) "Straight Up" – The Brian Setzer Orchestra
 * 10) "Hey! Pachuco!" – Royal Crown Revue
 * 11) "Gee, Baby, Ain't I Good to You" – Susan Boyd
 * 12) "Cuban Pete" (Arkin Movie Mix) – Jim Carrey

Score
The record labels TriStar Music and Epic Soundtrax released an orchestral score soundtrack to The Mask after the original soundtrack's release. The score was composed and conducted by Randy Edelman, performed by the Irish Film Orchestra, and recorded at Windmill Lane Studios Ireland.

 * 1) Opening – The Origin of the Mask
 * 2) Tina
 * 3) Carnival
 * 4) Transformation
 * 5) Tango In The Park
 * 6) Lovebirds
 * 7) Out of the Line of Fire
 * 8) A Dark Night
 * 9) The Man Behind the Mask
 * 10) Dorian Gets a New Face
 * 11) Looking for a Way Out
 * 12) The Search
 * 13) Forked Tongue
 * 14) Milo to the Rescue
 * 15) The Mask Is Back
 * 16) Finale

Box office
The film was a box-office success, grossing $119 million domestically and over $350 million worldwide, becoming the second-highest grossing superhero movie at that time, behind Batman. In terms of global gross compared to budget, the film became the most profitable comic book movie of all time, and remained so until 2019, when Joker surpassed it. The Mask is one of three films featuring Carrey (the others being Ace Ventura: Pet Detective and Dumb and Dumber) released in 1994 that helped launch the actor to superstardom; The Mask was the most successful of these three films both critically and commercially.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 80% based on reviews from 54 critics, with an average rating of 6.5/10. The site's consensus states, "It misses perhaps as often as it hits, but Jim Carrey's manic bombast, Cameron Diaz's blowsy appeal, and the film's overall cartoony bombast keep The Mask afloat." Metacritic gave it a weighted average score of 56 out of 100 based on reviews from 12 critics. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

On the television program At the Movies, Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert gave the film "two thumbs up". In his column, Ebert, who was underwhelmed by his performance in Ace Ventura, thought Carrey found "a perfect vehicle" in The Mask. He also praised the art design and called Diaz "a true discovery". Siskel, who had a similar dislike for Ace Ventura, praised Carrey's performance in The Mask by stating that he was "better used as an ingredient instead of as the plot". He also commended Diaz's performance, and he overall called the film "the latest example of technique overriding the written word in an American film".

Accolades
The film was nominated for Best Visual Effects at the 67th Academy Awards. The film was also nominated for Best Fantasy Film, Best Costumes and Best Make-up at the Saturn Awards. Carrey was nominated for a Golden Globe, but also a Razzie Award (for "Worst New Star").

Year-end lists

 * Honorable mention – Betsy Pickle, Knoxville News-Sentinel
 * Honorable mention – Dan Craft, The Pantagraph

Home media
The film was released on VHS and Laserdisc on January 18, 1995, and on DVD on March 26, 1997. The VHS version included the Space Ghost Coast to Coast episode "The Mask", which features interviews with Jim Carrey and Chuck Russell. The DVD presented a non-anamorphic Widescreen transfer. It was eventually released as a special edition in 2005 with an anamorphic transfer. It was later released on Blu-ray Disc on December 9, 2008. It was the most rented title in the UK for the year 1995 with 3.8 million rentals.

Animated series
An animated television series, titled The Mask: Animated Series, made over 54 episodes from 1995 to 1997, with Rob Paulsen as Stanley Ipkiss and his alter ego, the Mask, and Neil Ross as Kellaway. Ben Stein reprised his role as Dr Neuman. Though based on the film and making some minor references to its events, it is set in an alternate continuity where Ipkiss keeps the mask, Tina Carlyle is absent, and the mask works during daytime. Its final episode was a crossover with another Jim Carrey character, Ace Ventura. This would later continue in an episode of the Ace Ventura: Pet Detective cartoon series.

Video game
A video game based on the movie, also titled The Mask, was released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System by Black Pearl Software.

Sequel
After the success of the original, a sequel film was planned, with magazine Nintendo Power offering readers a chance, via sweepstakes, to win a cameo role in the film. Carrey eventually bailed on the project, forcing Nintendo Power to give the winner of the contest the equivalent cash value of the cameo role instead. A stand-alone sequel, Son of the Mask, featuring neither Carrey nor Diaz, was eventually released in 2005, but it was a critical and commercial failure upon release, and the franchise was put on hold indefinitely.

On the possibility of a direct sequel to the 1994 film with Carrey reprising the role of Stanley Ipkiss and Diaz as Tina Carlyle, Mike Richardson said in a 2014 interview: "We've been talking about reviving The Mask, both in film and in comics. We've had a couple of false starts".

title: The Mask (1994 film)


text:
User:CowsWillRule

HELLO!! Now in this web site you can explore, read about me, and after you know alot about me you can e-mail me! or take a quizz on how well you know me!! You wouldnt believe the prize you can win!! I also have some tips to know if the guy  you crush on likes you back! And excusses for being tardy at school. Or even how to end a conversation on the phone with a person you really don`t like!And more!!

title: User:CowsWillRule