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Ramsden surveying instruments

The Ramsden surveying instruments are those constructed by Jesse Ramsden and used in high precision geodetic surveys carried out in the period 1784 to 1853. This includes the five great theodolites—great in name, great in size and great in accuracy—used in surveys of Britain and other parts of the world. Ramsden also provided the equipment used in the measurement of the many base lines of these surveys and also the zenith telescope used in latitude determinations.

The great theodolites
A total of eight such instruments were manufactured by Ramsden and others for use in Britain, India and Switzerland. Ramsden himself constructed three theodolites and a further two were completed to his design by Mathew Berge, his son-in-law and business successor, after Ramsden's death in 1805. Of the other instruments one was constructed by William Cary and the other two by the firm of Troughton & Simms.

The Royal Society theodolite
In 1783 the Royal Society of London reacted to (unfounded) French criticism of Greenwich Observatory by seeking Royal assent to undertake a high precision geodetic survey, the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790), between Greenwich and the established French survey stations on the other side of the English Channel. Approval having been granted, General William Roy agreed to undertake the work and he immediately approached Ramsden to commission new instruments. Three years later the "great" theodolite was delivered after a delay attributable to Ramsden's tardiness, workshop accidents and his predilection for continuous refinement—"this won't do, we must have at it again". The instrument was paid for by the Crown and the King immediately presented it to the Royal Society; for this reason the theodolite is designated as the Royal Society theodolite, or Ramsden RS in short.

There is a complete description of this theodolite in the final report of the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790). The instrument was large, 36 in across and it was normally mounted on a stand which placed the sighting telescope between 5 and 6 ft. high. It weighed about 200 lb and the accessories and cases weighed as much again. It travelled around Britain for over sixty years, in its own sprung carriage, to locations where it was hauled up mountains, church towers and even scaffolded steeples. The horizontal circular scale was divided very accurately with divisions at 15 minute (of arc) intervals using one of Ramden's own dividing engines; the marks on the 36 in diameter scale would be about 1/6 in apart. The position of the telescope could therefore be read to the nearest quarter of a degree by eye but the exact position between the divisions was read with the aid of micrometer microscopes fitted with adjustable cross wires in the focal plane, as shown. The threads of the screws were such that fifteen full turns moved from one scale mark to the next, i.e. 15 minutes, and since the scale on the adjusting knob allowed one sixtieth of a turn to be measured the resulting accuracy was within one arc second.

The instrument is also fitted with a vertical semi-circular scale to measure the elevations of distant stations and therefore a height difference. Cross wires similar to those used in the microscopes are fitted into the eyepiece; they are adjustable by a screw thread which allowed angles to be measured to within five arc seconds.

Typical distances in the Anglo-French Survey were less than 20 mi: at that distance one second of arc corresponds to lateral or vertical displacements at the target station of approximately 7 in. No other theodolite could match this precision at that time. It was the first instrument to be able to measure the spherical excess of large survey triangles.

After completion of the Anglo-French Survey this instrument was stored at the Royal Society, but in 1799 the Board of Ordnance requested its use for the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain. On completion of the Survey the theodolite was stored in the headquarters of the Ordnance Survey at Southampton where it was destroyed in the bombing raids of 1941.

The Board of Ordnance theodolite
In his report to the Royal Society in 1775 William Roy had noted the suitability of India as a location for both meridian arc and parallel arc measurements. To his delight the East India Company were willing to undertake such a venture and ordered a second great theodolite from Ramsden. It was ready in 1791 but Ramsden felt obliged to increase the price because of problems in its manufacture. To his surprise the company rejected his price and refused to purchase the instrument. It was bought by the Duke of Richmond who, as Master of the Board of Ordnance, had provided most of the finance for Roy's Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790). The theodolite is designated as the Board of Ordnance theodolite, or Ramsden BO in short. Richmond's intention was to use the new theodolite on the extension of Roy's survey to the southern counties of Britain. The instrument was basically the same as the first with added refinements, mainly to the number and placement of the microscopes with their precision micrometer stages. It was in use until the completion of the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain in 1853 and it is now in the Science Museum in London.

There is a description of the improvements made to this theodolite in the account of the Trigonometrical Survey for the years 1791–1794 by Mudge, Williams and Dalby.

Other Ramsden theodolites
Ramsden made at least one other 3 ft theodolite of which parts were discovered in Switzerland. After his death his firm was inherited by Mathew Berge who is known to have constructed two more large instruments to Ramsden's design. Ramsden made many theodolites including an eighteen-inch instrument of the same general design as the great theodolites. This instrument and his two great theodolites are described in the account of the Principal Triangulation by.

Great theodolites by other builders
Although the East India Company turned down Ramsden's second theodolite, they commissioned a similar design from another London instrument maker, William Cary. This theodolite was in use in India from 1802 although there was a slight hiatus in 1808 when it was damaged when being hauled to the top of a building. It was repaired and in use for sixty years. A new theodolite to an improved design was made for the Indian Survey by Troughton and Simms in 1830 and the two together saw service until 1874 when the Cary instrument was replaced by another by Troughton and Sims. This last instrument was a monster weighing 1455 lb when in its travelling cases: it was no surprise that it was deemed too heavy for transport up mountains and it passed to South Africa in 1882. No more great instruments were made after 1874 for continuing advances in precision instruments eclipsed their performance: by the end of the nineteenth century an accuracy of 1 arc second could be obtained with a 12 in instrument.

Chains and rods
Eighteenth-century surveyors used Gunter's chains which were 22 yards long (one chain with 100 links of 7.92 inches). Their accuracy was adequate for cadastral surveying but they were deemed insufficiently accurate for the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790), Britain's first high-precision survey. Roy asked Ramsden to prepare a new chain of 100 links, each one foot in length. He also asked Ramsden to prepare three precisely-calibrated wooden rods 20 feet long. These proved to be a failure because of fluctuations in length due to varying humidity; instead three calibrated glass tubes were used. The chain proved to be as accurate as the glass tubes, and it was in use for baseline surveys over the next thirty years. Later, even more precise measurements showed that the accuracy of Ramsden's 100 ft chain was within about 3 inches in 5 miles. In actual use the chain was supported throughout its length by wooden trestles, and tensioned with a known constant weight. Its coefficient of thermal expansion was carefully measured so that temperature fluctuations could be taken into account. Full details (with plates) are given in Roy's account of the measurement of the Hounslow Heath baseline.

American surveyors sometimes also used a chain of 100 feet, also with 100 links, known as the engineer's chain. The term chain in both cases usually refers to the measuring instrument rather than a unit of length, and distances measured are normally given in feet and decimal fractions of a foot (not inches).

Despite Ramsden's chain originating in the UK, Gunter's predominated there: "When a chain is spoken of without qualification, Gunter's chain is meant", noted Macquorn Rankine's mid-Victorian A Manual of Civil Engineering.

The zenith telescope

The zenith telescope constructed by Jesse Ramsden in 1802 was used to determine the latitude of many stations of the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain. This portable instrument was designed to bring observatory precision to fieldwork. The outer frame stood about 12 ft tall and the telescope mounted on an inner frame was 8 ft long. The telescope was restricted to observations within a few degrees of the zenith in order to prevent errors due to refraction. A complete description of the instrument is given by Pearson.

title: Ramsden surveying instruments


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Oxibendazole

Oxibendazole is a benzimidazole drug that is used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and some domestic pets. It is usually white to yellowish in appearance, and may take the form of a powder, tablet or paste.

Synthesis
4‑Hydroxyacetamide (1) is alkylated with n-propyl bromide in the presence of potassium hydroxide to give the ether (2). Nitration of this product with nitric and sulfuric acids proceeds at the position ortho to the amide group (3), which is then reduced with SnCl2 to yield the phenylenediamine derivative (4). Reaction of that intermediate with S-methyl isothiourea proceeds first by aromatic cyclisation to the guanidine derivative followed by elimination of methyl mercaptan to yield the 2-aminobenzimidazole system (5). Acylation with methyl chloroformate results in the formation of a urethane on the amino group to produce oxibendazole (6).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Oxibendazole


text:
User:JMaxwell

Hi. Welcome to my page. I am a history student from Florida. JMaxwell 11:15, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Congratulations Dawg, you have just received the WHITE DAWG Gangsta Walk Award for your brave defense of all things crunk & thug. -BrowardDawgg 18:45, 26 May 2005 (UTC)

title: User:JMaxwell


text: User talk:61.246.232.166

title: User talk:61.246.232.166


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Sömmerda

Sömmerda is a town near Erfurt in Thuringia, Germany, on the Unstrut river. It is the capital of the district of Sömmerda.

History

Archeological digs in the area that is now Sömmerda, formerly Leubingen, have uncovered prominently buried human remains dating to around 2000 BCE. One such burial of an individual, dubbed the "king of Leubingen" is the Leubingen tumulus.

Sömmerda was first mentioned in official documents in 876 CE. It probably became a town in about 1350 but there are no existing records of the event. One town gate, dating from 1395, and six towers from the old town walls are still standing.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) Sömmerda was at the heart of military activity, and soldiers from both sides ransacked the town, halving the population.

In 1840, Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse invented the needle gun and a firearms factory was founded in the town. In 1919 the Rheinmetall company took over the factory, later called Rheinmetall-Borsig, at first to produce automotive parts. Initially it concentrated with only little success on carburettors, then in 1925 an ambitious new manager, the engineer Fritz Faudi, took over and a new type of cardan joint was developed, which became extremely popular. The Rheinmetall-Faudi system was a well-known name, and the Sömmerda works were the largest producer in Germany.

In April 1921 the factory returned to arms production, going against the post-war regulations which banned it from producing fuses. From October 1922 the factory produced the total quantity of fuses allowed in Germany by the Allies and also began producing the new MG30 machine gun under the direction of Louis Schmeisser.

In September 1944 Rheinmetall-Borsig became an external camp for Buchenwald concentration camp. As many as 1,294 female prisoners were made to do forced labour there, most of them aged between 16 and 60, many Jews from Hungary. As well as continuing to produce cardan shafts, the women also helped make parts for armoured vehicles used in the war, as well as manufacturing arms; two new workshops were built for this in 1944 and 1945. The SS evacuated the camp in early April 1945, sending its prisoners and SS overseers on a death march, which ended near Pilsen, Czechoslovakia.

Today a special cemetery in Sömmerda contains graves and a memorial to the camp inmates, forced labourers and war prisoners.

On April 11, 1945, Americans arriving in Sömmerda found the Rheinmetall plant still untouched by bombs, but abandoned by its managers. Days later Thuringia was occupied by the Russians, who recommenced production by the next month, employing between 1,000 and 1,500 workers. Production went back to automotive parts until the 1950s when office machinery began to be produced. Later Rheinmetall-Borsig became today's Rheinmetall DeTec AG.

Following the Second World War, the Sömmerda factory then found itself in the newly formed East Germany, with development and production now continuing as a state-run enterprise, but using the pre-war Rheinmetall name and logo. In 1957, a group of young electronics engineers under the collective direction of Heinz Skolaude brought Volkseigener Betrieb Büromaschinenwerk Sömmerda into being and into the age of electronics. In 1960 the name was changed to "Supermetall" and then in 1962 to the "Soemtron" name, when they exhibited at the Leipzig trade Fair of that year an electronic Fakturierautomaten (Automatic Invoicing machine) - the model EFA 380. 1963 saw the next model the EFA 381 with magnetic core memory.

In July 2018 the former municipality of Schillingstedt was merged into Sömmerda.

Transport links
Sömmerda station lies on the Sangerhausen–Erfurt railway.

Coat of arms
The town coat of arms is a shield with the field divided horizontally; the upper field has a black eagle with a red tongue, looking to the right. The lower field is red with a silver six-spoked wheel.

International relations
Sömmerda is twinned with:
 * 🇩🇪 Böblingen, Germany, since 1988
 * 🇱🇹 Kėdainiai, Lithuania, since 1989

title: Sömmerda


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Loch Burn, Watten

Loch Burn is a stream that flows out of the eastern end of Loch Watten in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, at a height of around 20 metres and about one kilometre north/northeast of the village of Watten. Less than a kilometre east of its source at Loch Watten the burn flows into Wick River.

title: Loch Burn, Watten


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Talk:Rotating black hole/Archive 1

stationary with angular momentum?
Peanut gallery here. Stationary BH needs to be explained/defined. What does it mean? -- non- orbiting? No discussion or references to non-stationary bh? Why not? embedded in flat space time? What? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.40.245.3 (talk) 22:58, 23 August 2008 (UTC)

Two event horizons
I think you misread it. The outer one moves in, the inner moves out. The move toward each other.

Two event horizons
The section "Two event horizons" is contradicting itself. As the spin increases, do they move father away from each other or towards each other? Also, it should probably state what the spin speed is where the even horizons merge, because clearly one of the two needs to change its direction at some critical spin speed. — Timwi 11:19, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Ergosphere is not a horizon - a test particle can escape from there. This should be spelled out better in the article.

What I want to be explained is a transition of "Cauchy horizon". *That one* seems to be more like a "real" second horizon. As I understand it now, outer horizon is a lot like Schwarzschild hole's horizon (+ some rotation), but "Cauchy horizon" sits inside and it is basically a radius at which rotation is so strong that it actually allows you to STOP FALLING and enter an funny "orbit" where as you fly, you do not only return to the same place (just like the satellite of Earth) but to the same TIME too.

Can someone improve the picture in the article (one with ergospere and event horizon) and add Cauchy horizon? How big is it? Is it spherical or oblate or what? 89.103.91.47 (talk) 15:47, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

Question
Which event horizon is the ergosphere located outside of? тə zє ті 18:07, May 14, 2005 (UTC)

I have read in other sources that the outer event horizon remains stationary while the inner one moves out. Which on is it?

Explanations needed
This article needs to be expanded quite a bit. Some questions that I as a layman with no real physics background do not understand:

 * Why are there two event horizons?
 * What is a photon sphere?
 * What distinguishes the two event horizons?
 * If I can only move closer to the singularity while inside the outer event horizon, why can I move away from it again once I pass the inner event horizon?
 * Why would I (possibly) emerge in a different universe/part of the universe after passing the inner event horizon and then leaving it again?
 * Why would I (no matter which universe/part of the universe I end up in) be able to leave the black hole's outer event horizon after using it for "wormhole travelling"? I.e., why would the black hole actually be *useful*?
 * What does the image "Space-Time Diagram for a Spinning Black Hole" (Image:Space-Time Diagram for a Spinning Black Hole.gif) mean?

The image in particular is bugging me a lot - it's wholly unclear what is being displayed, I can't make sense of the labels (particularly "Our Universe" etc.), and there is no explanation of what it shows. -- Schnee (cheeks clone) 21:05, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

I don't think there are two event horizons, scince a Kerr Black Hole spins it has an ergosphere or ergoregion. Once an object is at the ergosphere it can't remain at rest whithout falling into the black hole.--Alex Arnold 16:51, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

If I've understood correctly, the static limit (which surrounds the ergosphere) is sometimes referred to as the "outer event horizon". I could be wrong, but if I'm not, I can't see how it is an event horizon according to definition. lotheac 21:57, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

I don't have a professional understanding of physics as I don't have a degree to back me up, but what I've derived rom this article and background knowledge is this:
 * Two event horizons are made because the spinning black hole's singularity has a centrifugal force that turns it into a ring. The outer event horizon is where no contact with the outside universe would be made because the escape velocity is the speed of light, which cannot be exceeded. The inner event horizon is more mysterious: it is the area in which an incoming object would have no collision course with the singularity and therefore go through the ring-shaped singularity. As this is a place with infinite gravity, surrounded by a region of infinite density, though no friction is provided, space-time warps to such an extreme that an object passing through the ring would sail to another universe with the space-time deformity and near-lightspeed momentum. The inner horizon is the point of no return to any part of the known universe, including inside the black hole.
 * I am not sure what a photon sphere is, but it might be in effect the same as the event horizon, though defined as the point in which light cannot escape a singularity's gravity. Another possibility is that light, inside an event horizon, is collected in great multituded by a black hole and the light that maintains an "orbit" around the singularity, though concealed by the event horizon, and makes a sphere of solid light. A photon sphere is a region that light orbits a black hole without falling in. Entering one would probably hurt your eyes.
 * The outer event horizon is the point of no return to out of the outer event horizon, the inner event horizon is the one-way ticket to another universe, as described in my first response.
 * The inner event horizon is where an object may pass through the ring instead of smashing into the infinitesimally small and dense singularity. Because of the lack of friction, an object could hypothetically continue its motion, only now away from the singularity, similar to how a roller coaster goes up a hill after a descent, as its momentum carries it forward despite gravity.
 * The fabric of space-time is warped infinitely due to infinite density of the black hole, and its rotating, and therefore ring-shaped, singularity has a center of gravity not on the singularity, but right in the middle. At that point, where merging with the singularity isn't a consequence of presence but the gravitational force is as a zero-dimensional singularity, the universe may branch off into another dimension. On that matter, there is a bunch of slippery issues that are unsolved without a working quantum-gravity theory.
 * If there is no object to slow the descent into the black hole, and the travelling object is not intercepted by the singularity, but passes through the ring, the momentum will carry the object out of the event horizon just as gravity brought it into it. Think of the roller coaster again, only without friction. A roller coaster, descending down a track with no friction, will manage climbing a hill of track with equal altitude as the original peak.
 * The image is a crude diagram, (using squares?) which illustrates in a not-so-helpful detail which universe might be the destination upon entering the inner event horizon. (Depending on the angle relative to the plane of the ring-shaped singularity, I guess)

I am not sure of my speculations, but it is what I have derived from the article through a tad of research (equally unclear) and too much thinking for one day. If I am completely wrong, someone who knows what is completely right should define that in the article to avoid further confusion. C3PO the Dragon Slayer 00:49, 5 November 2006 (UTC)

question 2
if a massive donet shaped disk would rotate. Then from a distance it's centre could still have a mass of a blackhole. While in theory the disk mass would not have to be at a collapsing state. The ring can grow in mass and in size without a need of a colapse. And mass in centre me teared appart, while some mass will be jetsioned out like plume. It could have also have properties like magnetism (as seen in a MEC). Such theoretical rings of dense mass how are they called, and is there research in this direction as an alternative to blackholes ?

Why is Roy Kerr not given top billing?
Since these are Kerr blackholes is there any particular reason the Penrose process is given before explaining who Kerr and Newman are? Sophia 12:46, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

Nordström, not Nordstrøm
Gunnar Nordström was a Finn with a Swedish name, and thus his name had the letter ö, which is used in Finnish and Swedish. Ø is incorrect, because this particular letter is used only in Danish and Norwegian.195.16.202.19 10:26, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Can we finally get rid of this "two event horizons" BS?
Apparently a few people don't understand what an event horizon is, in the context of a black hole. It's the surface at which, and within which, light cannot escape to future null infinity. It is conceptually nonsensical to talk about more than one per object, just as it's conceptually nonsensical to talk about two people of different heights that are both "the tallest person in the world". By definition, there can only be one such surface surrounding any given object. If there were an "inner" one of some sort, it would fail the criteria, and be a non-horizon of any fucking sort.

I think it's time this shit got deleted, instead of provoking more confused brow-furrowing from the peanut gallery, to be answered by people who took physics classes off the side of a fucking Crackerjack box.

--76.209.50.222 08:58, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Your frustration I understand but your language needs to be toned down! I agree that the definition of an event horizon is nonsensical if there is more than one but I'm not up to date enough with this field to say for sure that there isn't some bizarre definition somewhere. If you are the most up to date person here then be bold and get rid of it. It's certainly the mainstream view and any editor who wants to keep the "2 horizons" version will have to explain why. Sophia  12:32, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually, I see the sense of two or more horizons. An event horizon encloses a region which nothing can leave. If Kerr hole has two horizons, it just means that once you crossed outer horizon, you cannot leave the hole, and when you cross inner horizon, you cannot leave even inner horizon's enclosed area (and go into outer horizon's enclosed area). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.103.91.47 (talk) 15:39, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

I can't explain it. But I'm pretty sure I saw it on a legitamate scientific website. Might have been NASA's... I don't really have a stance here. Just mentioning it Kaloo (talk) 19:44, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

Two Horizons?
The "Two Horizons" section doesn't make sense. It also contradicts the previous section which implies that there is a maximum rotation rate of a BH. Also, the maximum rotation rate needs to be discussed directly. If I recall, it essentially means that the equator at the event horizon cannot move faster than light. There is a maximum % of energy that can be in the rotation vs the mass. —Długosz

Proposed changes
Unless I get feedback, I'm going to make some changes soon (Say by 3 November 2007). I'm not sure when and why this was split from Kerr metric, but I'll respect the decision. I believe most of this page should be moved back to the Kerr page. It is generally believed that there should be an enormous class of not explicitely known rotating black hole solutions which are neither Kerr or Kerr-Newman. The ergosphere and Penrose process should be moved to the Kerr page (with a link from the Kerr-Newman page), since it's not clear that a general rotating black hole will have such structures, whereas Kerr and Kerr-Newman do. The "two event horizons" section is a mess here and clearly (and correctly!) explained on the Kerr page, so it should be cut. The Kerr and Kerr-Newman section should stay. "Kerr black holes as wormholes" should be cleaned and then moved to the Kerr page. The "see Also" and "references" look OK, but Wald's book and the one by Hawking and Ellis should probably be added. Any suggestions before I do this? 91.37.231.178 22:44, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

 * You sound like you know what you are doing and we so badly lack knowledgeable editors in these areas. If it make more sense then please don't respect the split as it was likely done by someone who had just watched "The sky at night" or something! I only know a little of this area, having had the pleasure of taking Prof Kerr to dinner when he came to give a talk to our Astrosoc at Uni. As they say - "be bold" and thanks for the work you will be putting in.  Sophia  06:45, 24 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I am also a physicist. 91.37.231.178 is absolutely right that this page has serious errors. If only he had completed his work. Nvf (talk) 23:23, 13 January 2011 (UTC)

frames of reference
The article doesn't mention frames of reference at all. If you are rotating at the same speed (angular velocity) as a black hole wouldn't you 'see' a non-rotating blackhole? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.99.150.12 (talk) 07:56, 9 December 2008 (UTC)
 * A rotating reference frame is non-inertial in every sense, and angular momentum measurements taken in a rotating reference frame must take this into account. Angular momentum measurements taken from a rotating reference frame are invalid unless the angular velocity of the frame is subtracted. Iameditingstuff (talk) 05:33, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

Deletion Nomination
It seems like this article should be deleted. It doesn't have any properly sourced information that isn't contained in any of the other black hole related articles (especially the "black hole" article, "Kerr metric" article, and "Kerr–Newman metric" article). It is also very poorly written... it doesn't seem to have been given any attention by somebody who has actually taken General Relativity in university. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.14.156.248 (talk) 04:54, 29 April 2011 (UTC)

 * This article serves as a simple introduction and a disambiguation page. From the chart one can choose which specific metric one wants to look at. People who do not already know the names of the specific metrics should appreciate this article for that reason. JRSpriggs (talk) 09:10, 29 April 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rotating black hole/Archive 1


text: User talk:69.134.80.96

title: User talk:69.134.80.96


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Western Suburbs Magpies

The Western Suburbs Magpies (legal name: Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club Ltd) is an Australian rugby league football club based in the western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Formed in 1908, Wests, as the club is commonly referred to, was one of the nine foundation clubs of the first New South Wales Rugby League competition in Australia. The club, as a sole entity, departed the top-flight competition in 1999 after forming a 50–50 joint venture with Balmain Tigers to form the Wests Tigers. The club currently fields sides in the NSW State Cup (Canterbury Cup), Ron Massey Cup (Opens), S.G. Ball Cup (Under 19's) and Harold Matthews Cup (Under 17's) competitions.

Campbelltown Stadium, which has a capacity of 18,000, is the club's home stadium.

History
The club was one of the foundation members of the Sydney rugby football league competition in 1908. Founded at a meeting on 4 February 1908 at Ashfield Town Hall, they won only one match the following season so were the League's first wooden spooners (after Cumberland were awarded an extra bye). Though they spent long periods of time as also-rans they did taste premiership success four times in the mid 20th century. They won their first premiership in 1930, beating St George 27–2. Four years later they defeated Eastern Suburbs to win their second title. For the 1944 NSWRFL season Queensland 1910s representative player Henry Bolewski became coach the Western Suburbs club, replacing Alf Blair, who moved to South Sydney. Wests improved slightly on the previous season, finishing 5th (out of 8), but failing to make the finals, and Bolewski was replaced by club great, Frank McMillan.

Wests won a second pair of premierships, beating Balmain in 1948 and South Sydney 22–12 in 1952. Both times they defeated a club hunting its third title in a row.

1960s
Apart from these occasions, the club was famous for three successive grand final matches in 1961, 1962 and 1963 against the St George Dragons in the midst of their 11-premiership run. The club boasted footballers such as halfback Arthur Summons, Harry 'Bomber' Wells, Kel O'Shea, Noel Kelly and Peter Dimond. The 1963 grand final was immortalised in a photograph which became known as 'The Gladiators' after St. George captain Norm Provan and Summons trudged off the field together.

1970s
A final period of glory beckoned in the late 1970s where they spent a few years at the top or near-top of the table, yet failed to make a grand final. Coached by Roy Masters and boasting such players as fullback John Dorahy, half Tommy Raudonikis, five-eighth Graeme O'Grady, Gavin Miller, Ron Giteau, Les Boyd, prop John Donnelly and five-eighth Terry Lamb. However attractive offers from other clubs and then doubts about the club's viability led to years of exodus of talent. Wests did manage to win the 1977 Amco Cup.

1980s
John Ribot, a winger for Wests, was the top try-scorer for the 1980 season. In 1983 the NSWRFL attempted to expel Wests from the competition, but a prolonged legal battle to keep their spot ensued, unlike the Newtown Jets who did not compete that year. Richard Conti appeared against New South Wales Rugby League bosses John Quayle and Colin Love in 1985, successfully advocating to keep the embattled club in the competition. He was later appointed the chairman of the NSWRL Judiciary.

Eventually, Wests relocated to Campbelltown in 1987. Ironically, this was where Newtown had unsuccessfully tried to move to four years earlier.

1990s
Wests began a rebuilding process in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Laurie Freier started the 1988 Winfield Cup season as the club's coach but was replaced during the season by John Bailey.

The club made the semi-finals in 1991 and 1992 under coach Warren Ryan. Wests were NSWRL Club Champions in 1991 when all three grades made the semi-finals. The team also made it to the pre-season Challenge Cup final in 1993 but was beaten by a star-studded Canberra side.

The club then slipped down the ladder and the coaching reins were handed over to caretaker Wayne Ellis. The decision to appoint Tommy Raudonikis as coach for the start of the 1995 season sent a shot of adrenaline into the club. Raudonikis took the Magpies to the finals in 1996. However the club could not compete in the player market in 1997 thanks to the Super League war which saw players' contracts soar sky high to unsustainable levels.

In 1998 and 1999, a Magpie team filled with many unknown players struggled to be competitive and twice received the wooden spoon. With the club struggling on-field and trying to compete financially against clubs with News Limited funding, the writing was on the wall.

Joint venture
The well documented Super League War in 1997 between Super League (News Ltd) and the Australian Rugby League (ARL) resulted in a compromise that by the year 2000, the National Rugby League (NRL) competition would be contested by only 14 teams. With Western Suburbs struggling on field in the NRL competition, it was decided by the club in the middle of 1999 that to survive the cull they would be required to merge their senior team with another club's team. After initial talks with the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs failed an agreement was reached with the Balmain Tigers on 27 July 1999. The Wests Tigers first competed in the 2000 competition. The club also merged its playing colours from the two joint venture partners.

Major sponsors
Wests Ashfield Leagues have also been key sponsors & supporters of the club since they were established.
 * Allied Express
 * Victa (1978–1982)
 * IPEC Couriers (1984–1985)
 * Masterton Homes (1986–1992)
 * Goldstar / LG Electronics (1995–1997)
 * Signature Security Systems (1998–1999)
 * Club Hotels (2000)
 * Save Home Loans (2005)
 * Wests Ashfield Leagues (2006–2015)
 * Rebel Sport (Centenary Partner and 2008 Major Sponsor)
 * Allied Express (2015)

Current days
The Western Suburbs Magpies home matches are played at Lidcombe Oval, Lidcombe and their training facilities are near by.

In 2000 the Western Suburbs Magpies Under 20s team were runners up to the Canterbury Bankstown Bulldogs, captained by Mitch Zammit and Luke Duffy. The Western Suburbs Magpies last title was won in 2002 when the Western Suburbs Magpies captained by Liam Fulton won the New South Wales Rugby League Under 18's competition.

From 2000 to 2012 the Western Suburbs Magpies fielded teams in the NSWRL First Grade competition now known as the NSW Cup.

In 2006 the Wests Tigers on advice from Tim Sheens pushed the notion that the NRL side would be better served with a single NSW Cup side. Western Suburbs board opposed this decision and decided to continue fielding their own team. Wests Tigers then allocated all NRL contracted players to the Balmain Tigers (the Wests Magpies had six junior players in that group, as opposed to one from Balmain), citing the advantages of both the NRL and NSW Cup teams training together at Concord Oval. This continued from 2006 to 2007.

Magpies chairman Kevin Hammond was disappointed at the Wests Tigers decision and informed the Wests Tigers of that in 2008, if the Magpies did not receive a fair share of player allocation from the Wests Tigers, they would form a feeder partnership with rivals Canberra Raiders. The Wests Tigers capitulated.

The Western Suburbs Magpies made the semi-finals in 2008, 2009 and 2010. In 2012 funding was withheld from the Magpies by Wests Ashfield Leagues Club Directors (not unanimously) as they now supported Wests Tigers proposal for a single NSW Cup side, even though this was done simply because Balmain couldn't afford a side and Wests could.

This also went against the Magpies Football Club members wishes and they organised a Protest Rally through the streets of Campbelltown. Wests Ashfield Leagues Club under pressure reinstated funding late in the off season after the Magpies players had already signed on to play with other teams.

The Wests Tigers however decided to cease all support of the Magpies NSW Cup side while continuing support for Balmain Ryde Eastwood Tigers. The Magpies failed to win a game in 2012 while Balmain Ryde Eastwood Tigers made it to the Grand Final where they were defeated by the Newtown Jets.

The Magpies dropped back to the third tier Ron Massey Cup in 2013, with members voting to field a separate NSW Cup team in 2014, although this did not eventuate. In 2015, The Magpies added a team in the Sydney Shield competition to act as a feeder for their Ron Massey Cup campaign. In 2016, Western Suburbs made the preliminary final match against St Mary's in The Ron Massey Cup but lost the match in a close tussle. 2017 proved to be a bad year for Wests as The Ron Massey Cup side finished with the wooden spoon and The Sydney Shield side finished second last.

On 5 June 2017, it was announced that Western Suburbs had placed a bid to be included into the Intrust Super Premiership season for 2018. The re-entry to the Intrust Super Premiership ends the clubs 5-year hiatus from the top level NSWRL competition that it had participated continuously in from 1908 to 2012. For its return the team will be coached by former Western Suburbs 1st grade player Brett Hodgson. In 2018, Wests enjoyed a solid return to the Intrust Super Premiership NSW after finishing in 5th place on the table. In week 1 of the finals, Wests were defeated by the Wyong Roos 18–14 in the elimination final thus ending their season.

At the end of the 2019 Canterbury Cup NSW season, Western Suburbs missed out on the finals after finishing in 10th place. Western Suburbs had a difficult year during the 2022 NSW Cup finishing 11th on the table just one spot above wooden spooners Blacktown Workers.

Home grounds
St Luke's Park was the home ground of the Western Suburbs club in 1910 and 1911. They started playing their matches at Pratten Park in Ashfield in 1912, but after pressure from local residents there the council refused the club permission to use that ground, forcing them to return to St. Luke's Oval from 1915 to 1919. The Magpies have played at three home grounds since foundation. They returned to Pratten Park in 1920, remaining there until 1966, the club then played at Pratten Park sporadically over the next two decades playing games there in 1971, 1972, 1973, 1977 and 1985. The final ever first grade game to be played at Pratten Park was on 18 August 1985 against Penrith, Penrith won the match by 42–16. They then moved to Lidcombe Oval in 1967. This was due to Ashfield council not allowing the club to play matches on a Sunday (as this was the church day). In 1987, they moved to Campbelltown's Orana Park (located in adjacent Leumeah), which, after a $25 million renovation, is now called Campbelltown Stadium which is now one of the home grounds of the Wests Tigers. The Magpies' lower grade sides play most home games at Campbelltown Stadium, with the occasional game moved to Lidcombe Oval.

Western Suburbs Magpies Leagues Club
While no leagues club is called the "Western Suburbs Magpies Leagues Club", the businesses "Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club Ltd" is a fully controlled entity of Wests Ashfield Leagues Club. The Leagues club was formed in the 1950s and is now one of the leading community Clubs in Sydney.

Board of directors
The current board of directors of the Wests Magpies (Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club)

 * Dennis Burgess - Chairman WAL appointed
 * Stephen Montgomery WAL Appointed
 * Tony Andreacchio – WAL Appointed
 * Rick Wayde - WAL Appointed
 * Shannon Cavanagh – FC Member Elected
 * Allan Fallah – FC Member Elected
 * Tony Westlake – FC Member Elected

The board of directors comprises 4 members appointed by Wests Ashfield Leagues Club, and 3 members elected by the members of the football club

District Junior competition
The Western Suburbs District Junior Rugby League (WSDJRL) was a completely separate entity to the Western Suburbs Magpies DRLFC. They were known as the "Junior Magpies", and administered the junior rugby league on behalf of the Western Suburbs Magpies and the Wests Tigers joint venture. It consisted of a network of affiliated junior rugby league clubs throughout the greater Campbelltown and Liverpool areas of southwestern Sydney. As of 2016 the following clubs were involved in the WSDJRL;
 * All Saints JRLFC
 * All Stars Glenquarie (formally Macquarie Fields Hawks)
 * Campbelltown City Kangaroos JRLFC
 * Campbelltown Collegians JRLFC
 * Campbelltown Warriors JRLFC
 * Eaglevale St Andrews JRLFC
 * East Campbelltown Eagles JRLFC
 * Hinchinbrook Hornets JRLFC
 * Ingleburn RSL Tigers JRLFC
 * Liverpool Catholic Club Raiders JRLFC
 * Macarthur Saints JRLFC (ex-St Thomas More JRLFC)
 * Minto Cobras JRLFC
 * Valley United Vikings JRLFC (formally known as East Valley United and also Green Valley United)

The league was placed into administration in January 2019, with the NSWRL stepping in to manage the competition.

The following clubs also competed in the WSDJRL, but have now folded:
 * Airds Colts JRLFC
 * Ashcroft JRLFC
 * Claymore Panthers JRLFC
 * Dayments Dolphins JRLFC
 * Heckenberg JRLFC
 * Ingleburn Bulldogs JRLFC
 * Leumeah Wolves JRLFC
 * Liverpool City JRLFC
 * Liverpool Titans JRLFC
 * Liverpool RSL JRLFC
 * Macquarie Cobras JRLFC
 * Warwick Farm JRLFC
 * Woodlands JRLFC
 * Sadlier Bulldogs JRLFC

The WSDJRL has produced many ex and current Wests Tigers players including Brett Hodgson (Eagle Vale-St Andrews & Ingleburn RSL), Dean Collis (Campbelltown Warriors), Bryce Gibbs (All Saints Liverpool), Shannon Gallant (All Saints Liverpool & Campbelltown City) Chris Lawrence (Eagle Vale), and Shannon McDonnell (All Saints Liverpool). David Noaofaluma (Campbelltown Warriors, Campbelltown Collegians) James Tedesco (Eagle Vale St. Andrews) also Camden Rams (group 6, CRL) Other notable NRL players who grew up playing junior rugby league in the WSDJRL are Anthony Minichiello (East Valley United), Mark Minichiello (Liverpool Catholic Club) Frank Pritchard (Campbelltown City)Eric Grothe, Jr. (Eagle Vale), Ryan Hoffman (Campbelltown Collegians), Ben Roberts (Narellan Jets), Sauaso Sue (Macquarie Field Hawks), Israel Folau, Jarryd Hayne, Krisnan Inu, Michael Lett (Ingleburn RSL), Gray Viane, John Skandalis, Ken McGuinness, Kevin McGuinness, Tim Lafai and Mickey & Lopini Paea (all Minto Cobras).

The WSDJRL took over its current boundaries from the CRL Group 6 Northern Junior League and parts of the Parramatta DJRL (i.e. Liverpool) in 1987. They were forced to move out of their traditional territory around the Ashfield and Lidcombe areas of inner western Sydney to be able to then survive in the NSWRL. The old WSDJRL area has since been acquired by the Balmain DJRL and Bulldogs (Canterbury) DJRL. Clubs that used to play in the WSDJRL include;
 * Ashfield Colts (now folded) – Also known as the Ashfield Kings
 * Burwood United (now merged with Concord in Balmain DJRL)
 * Concord United (now merged with Burwood in Balmain DJRL)
 * Benedicts Auburn (now Trinity College, Auburn)
 * Enfield Federals (When the Magpies first went to Campbelltown they became part of Canterbury, then they folded for a few years before coming in under the Balmain DJRL) (produced Hazem El Masri, Robbie Farah, Scott Gale, Brett Clark, Wayne Smith, Ken Hey, Jim Serdaris, Denis Pittard, Tim Pickup and Brett Gale Leo Epifania)
 * Five Dock JRLFC (now in Balmain DJRL)
 * Lidcombe Bulls (folded in mid-1980s)
 * Berala Bears (now in Bulldogs DJRL)
 * Croydon Park (folded in mid-1980s)
 * Holman JRLFC (Named after Keith Holman, based at Henley Park, Enfield. Colours were yellow with a blue shoulder saddle, and the emblem was oval shaped with a kangaroo, a football, a kiwi, a rooster & a lion ; signifying that Keith played for Australia against New Zealand, France & England. Folded in mid-1980s)
 * Homebush – unsure when folded
 * Royal Sheaf Hotel (Burwood, folded in late 1980s)
 * Oriental Shamrocks (folded in 1960s)
 * Granville Diggers – folded in mid 80s
 * De La Salle – Ashfield – again, unsure of when they folded
 * Christian Brothers Burwood
 * Auburn United – unsure when folded
 * Strathfield – unsure when folded

The first year of the WSDJRL was 1910 and the final standings were: Parramatta Iona 16, Parramatta District 14, Campsie Triers 11, Granville Royals 11, Enfield Mercantile 9, Ashfield Surryville 7, Auburn Park 2. Since the NSWRL had promised 2 sets of medals the teams then split into 2 grades, Campsie Triers beating Granville Royals in a playoff to go onto the A section and the other 4 teams in the B Finals. Parramatta District won the A Grade and Granville Royals the B Grade. Parramatta District went into the NSWRL 3rd Grade competition in 1911 and Granville Royals joined them in 1912. Campsie Triers and Enfield Mercantile were formed by a split in the Enfield Federals club that had won the B Grade of the WSJRU competition in 1909, in its first year as a club. Val Howell, Frank Howell, S Gagan, G Gagan, A Tanner and Thompson joined Campsie while Lewis, H McCoy, D Nicholls, Prentice and Smythe joined Mercantile. They were together as the Feds in 1911 and won both that season and again in 1912, so without the split they might have won titles in each of their first 4 seasons.

Hall of Fame
On Friday 30 May 2008 the centenary of the Western Suburbs Magpies was celebrated with a ball in the Grand Harbour Ballroom at Sydney's Star City Casino. Six inaugural members were also inducted into the Western Suburbs Magpies Hall of Fame:
 * Keith Holman
 * Jim Abercrombie
 * Peter Dimond
 * Arthur Summons
 * Tommy Raudonikis
 * Noel Kelly

2010 Inductees 1997 MIA players
 * Dick Vest
 * Bill Keato
 * Trevor Cogger
 * Wayne Shields

2012 Inductees
 * Clarrie Prentice
 * Frank Stanmore
 * Wayne Smith

Team of the Century

In 2004 the club named its Team of the Century:

International Representatives
The following Western Suburbs Magpies players have represented their countries in international competition.

 * 🇦🇺 Australia
 * Frank McMillan
 * Bill Brogan
 * Alan Ridley
 * Vic Hey
 * Dick Vest
 * Keith Holman
 * Arthur Summons
 * Peter Dimond
 * Don Parish
 * Harry Wells
 * Kel O'Shea
 * Noel Kelly
 * John Ribot
 * Terry Lamb
 * Paul Langmack
 * David Gillespie
 * Tommy Raudonikis
 * Jim Serdaris
 * Les Boyd
 * John Donnelly

 * 🇳🇿 New Zealand
 * Mark Horo
 * Stephen Kearney
 * Brendon Tuuta

 * 🏴 England
 * Harvey Howard
 * Lee Crooks
 * Garry Schofield
 * Ellery Hanley

 * Ireland
 * Shayne McMenemy

 * 🇫🇯 Fiji
 * Netane Masima

 * 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea
 * David Buko

Magpies Test Captains

 * Herb Gilbert – 1920
 * Frank McMillan – 1933 to 1934
 * Col Maxwell – 1948 to 1949
 * Arthur Summons – 1963 to 1964
 * Tommy Raudonikis – 1973

Club honours

 * Premierships: 4 – 1930 beat St George; 1934 beat Easts; 1948 beat Balmain; 1952 beat South Sydney
 * Runners Up: 8 – 1918; 1925; 1932; 1950; 1958; 1961; 1962; 1963
 * Minor Premierships: 5 – 1930; 1948; 1952; 1961; 1978
 * Amco Cup: 1 – 1977
 * City Cup: 2 – 1918; 1919

Youth/Pre-season honours

 * NSWRL Club Championships: 4 – 1948; 1960; 1961; 1991
 * State Cup / Jersey Flegg U20s: 1 – 1965
 * Ampol Cup: 1 – 1963
 * NSWRL Reserve Grade: 3 (1936, 1961, 1981)
 * NSWRL Third Grade: 7 (1936, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1958, 1961, 1967)
 * Under 23 Premiership: 1 (1977)
 * President's Cup: 1 (1925, 1947, 1958, 1992)
 * Flegg Memorial Trophy: 2 (1961, 1981)
 * NSWRL SG Ball U18's: 2 (1971, 2002)

Largest crowd:
 * Lidcombe Oval: 21,015 vs Parramatta (30 July 1978)
 * Campbelltown Sports Ground: 17,286 vs St George (2 August 1991)
 * Pratten Park: 12,407 vs St George (15 June 1964)

Biggest defeat: 67–0 vs South Sydney (Agricultural Showground, 23 July 1910)

Biggest win: 62–5 vs Balmain (Lidcombe Oval, 31 March 1974)

Individual
Most First Grade Games
 * 1) 201 – Tommy Raudonikis (1969–1979)
 * 2) 200 – Keith Holman (1949–1961)
 * 3) 161 – Tedda Courtney (1909, 1911–1924)
 * 4) 161 – Wayne Smith (1976–1984)
 * 5) 160 – Trevor Cogger (1981–1991)
 * 6) 155 – Peter Dimond (1958–1967)
 * 7) 148 – John Donnelly (1975–1984)
 * 8) 148 – Steve Georgallis (1993–1999)
 * 9) 144 – Darren Willis (1992–1998)
 * 10) 143 – Nev Charlton (1954-1961)
 * 11) 141 – Frank McMillan (1921–1924, 1926–1935)

Most Tries in a Match: Alan Ridley, 6 vs Newtown, Pratten Park, 11 July 1936

Most Tries in a Season: Alan Ridley, 18 in 1932 and Paul Smith, 18 in 1994

Most 1st Grade Tries For Club: Peter Dimond, 83

Most Tries For Club (All grades): Trevor Cogger, 88

Most Goals in a Match: Les Mead, 12 v Canterbury, Pratten Park, 31 August 1935

Most Points in a Match: Les Mead, 27 (1 try, 12 goals) v Canterbury, Pratten Park, 31 August 1935

Most Points in a Season: Peter Rowles, 215 (8 tries, 94 goals, 3 field goals) in 1978

Most Points for Club: Bill Keato, 776 (6 tries, 379 goals)

All Time 1st Grade Numbered Players List
Below is a list of all players that played for the Western Suburbs Magpies in the NSWRL, ARL and NRL First Grade competitions from 1908 to 1999.

1 Jim Abercrombie
 * 1908

2 C Blake

3 A Brown

4 George Duffin

5 B Duggan

6 Bill Elliott

7 Percy Franks

8 L Gormley

9 Ray Gormley

10 Ted Mead

11 T Mount

12 Tom Phelan

13 Jim Stack

14 Les Byewell

15 R Ellis

16 Charles Luhr

17 T Watkins

18 E Ellis

19 Boyleau

20 Claude McFayden

21 N Booth

22 Charlie Elliott

23 J Frost

24 J Hodgson

25 S Gilbert

26 Holloway

27 J Herrington 28 A Abbott
 * 1909

29 Harry Bloomfield

30 F Casey

31 Albert Halling

32 R Meredith

33 J Spears

34 T Wallis

35 H Boyle

36 Edward Bellamy

37 Albert Burdus 38 Tedda Courtney

39 S Duncan

40 Bill Medcalf

41 V Sands

42 C Blake

43 E Gulliver

44 E Fletcher

45 G Shaw

46 W Wenban

47 C Clifford

48 P Scotten

49 R McCallum

50 Harold R. Thompson

51 H Kemp

52 W Moore

53 William Thrussell

54 W Wright 55 W Barclay
 * 1910

56 Percy Bolt

57 T Doyle

58 J Feeney

59 V Jarvis

60 E Mantle

61 H.G. Naylor

62 Walter Palmer

63 E Willings

64 Grinstead

65 Owens

66 Sam Perry

67 Keen

68 James

69 Percy Briscoe

70 Chipperfield

71 J Ogilvie

72 Horace Alderson

73 Johns

74 J Slingsby

75 D McDonald

76 G Patterson

77 Baldock

78 Tom Dowswell

79 Healy

80 McEvoy

81 Ryan 82 George Duffin
 * 1911

83 Herb Gilbert

84 Rangi Joass

85 W Mueller

86 A Munnery

87 P.J. Thompson

88 Jack Tully

89 S.B. Wall

90 A Gillett

91 Alf Joass

92 Dick Moroney

93 V West

94 Oliver Griffin

95 A Paterson

96 A Stack 97 Tom Alpen
 * 1912

98 Harold Bissett

99 S Dennis

100 E.S Williams

101 Arthur Conlin

102 G Holt

103 George Alderson

104 Thackeray

105 Stuart

106 B Webster

107 Ray Steward

108 Bertram Alderson

109 W Gander

110 G Easterbrook

111 Hearn

112 C Lucky

113 Cecil Foord

114 Charles Rothwell 115 S Carr
 * 1913

116 W Foord

117 Eddie Griffiths

118 J Lindsay

119 Johnno Stuntz

120 George Gagen

121 V Masters

122 Harry Clarke

123 L West

124 Henry McIllmurray

125 A Rose

126 Fred Lane

127 Maxworthy

128 W Warby

129 J Freeman

130 H Sly

131 W Weigan

132 Harrington 133 W Anderton
 * 1914

134 Charlie Collier

135 Jack Nicholson

136 R Tremain

137 Clarrie Tye

138 E Mason

139 D Watson

140 N Williams

141 R Upton

142 F Holt

143 Dick Vest 144 Harold Leddy
 * 1915

145 Tom McCauley

146 A Mitchell

147 Archie Prentice

148 Clarrie Prentice

149 W.L. Simpson

150 A Smith

151 Athol White

152 Billy Connelly

153 Alf Bossi

154 G Hastle

155 G Viles

156 D Woodward 157 A McPherson
 * 1916

158 Roy Norman

159 A Carroll

160 H Lee

161 S Langley

162 F Large

163 R Swanson

164 E Johnson 165 P Burns
 * 1917

166 George Potter

167 Jack Redmond

168 Ted Boland

169 Charles Ashworth

170 Harold Holmes

171 Roy Bossi

172 S.D. Matthews

173 Joe Reidy 174 Wally Collins
 * 1918

175 Albert Johnston

176 Walter Palmer 177 George McGowan
 * 1919

178 W Matthews

179 Patrick McCue

180 Bill Lucas

181 Roy Farnsworth

182 Gordon Stettler 183 Viv Farnsworth
 * 1920

184 Ward Prentice

185 Lyall Wall

186 Harry Tancred

187 Frank Gray

188 G Bossi 189 Edward Burnicle
 * 1921

190 Frank McMillan

191 Eric Doig

192 R Howell

193 J Plumb

194 E Stapleton

195 Frank Burridge

196 J Ryan

197 R Walker 198 Tedda Brooks
 * 1922

199 H Haylock

200 Louis Yanz

201 F Young

202 J Drew

203 Fred Yanz Sr.

204 Wade Lane

205 R Dark

206 Neil Matterson

207 J Walker

208 Cyril Bellamy

209 Arthur Mendel 210 Cec Fifield
 * 1923

211 W McCabe

212 Bob Lindfield

213 Bill Carpenter

214 Jerry Brien 215 Joe Mansted
 * 1924

216 F Elliott

217 Ed Courtney Jr.

218 Frank Matterson

219 Frank McCauley

220 R Ives 221 George Daisley
 * 1925

222 Gilbert C 223 Flint C
 * 1926

224 Jim Parsons

225 Tony Redmond

226 C Stapleton

227 Frank Spillane

228 Jack Holmes

229 G Peterson

230 Harry Owen

231 Roy Liston

232 R Wheldon

233 Cecil Rhodes

234 Dave Hey 235 Les Dolan
 * 1927

236 Les Hayes

237 Ken Sherwood

238 G Cameron

239 F Bartley

240 W McPherson

241 George Mason

242 Harry Tisdale

243 Ray Morris

244 Tom Stanton

245 Jack Thompson 246 Allan Adams
 * 1928

247 Leo Joyce

248 Walter Anderton

249 Jack Matterson

250 Jack Peterson

251 J McKee

252 Frank Boyd

253 Jack Kelly

254 H Miller

255 Alan Brady
 * 1929

256 William Brogan

257 Jim Craig

258 N McNee

259 L Roberts

260 N Booth

261 Cliff Pearce

262 Vince Dwyer 263 Norm Johnson
 * 1930

264 Les Mead

265 Charlie Cornwell

266 Harold Rigby

267 Jack Rosa

268 Vince Hughes 269 Bert Green
 * 1931

270 Alan Ridley

271 Cec Anderton

272 Harry Cameron

273 Bill Ryan

274 Dick Davis

275 Charlie Wrench

276 Clyde Cant 277 R McMillan
 * 1932

278 Jack McGlinn

279 Frank Sponberg

280 H Rankine 281 Vic Hey
 * 1933

282 R Shepherd

283 Stan Tancred

284 Jack McDonell

285 Les Midson

286 W McLeod

287 Sid Elliott

288 Bill Howes

289 Alan Blake

290 S Palmer

291 Sen Black

292 Tom Magnus

293 Albert McGuinness

294 L Hancock

295 Cliff Deegan

296 M Smith 297 Max Gray
 * 1934

298 Ray Hancock

299 Vince Sheehan

300 George Sherry

301 Ray Hines

302 Jack Hartwell Sr.

303 Alec McDonald

304 Jimmy Sharman

305 Lionel Frappell

306 Don Murray 307 Ron Eaton
 * 1935

308 Jack Kingston

309 Gordon Pugh

310 Athol Smith

311 Vince Cleary

312 Bob Allison

313 Jack Spillane

314 Fred Comber

315 Billy Wheeler

316 H Hannan

317 Bill Purcell

318 R Waldon 319 Ray Gillam
 * 1936

320 Mick Shields

321 Pat White

322 Jack Arnold

323 Stan Simpson

324 Edward Mewton

325 Andy Gleeson

326 Doug Wilson 327 Don Gulliver
 * 1937

328 Herbert Haar

329 Jack Knox

330 E Murphy

331 Ken Lock

332 Jack Schuback 333 Fred Baber
 * 1938

334 Lew Fisher

335 G Lucas

336 James Marks

337 E Martin

338 Colin Fewtrell

339 Jack Rubinson

340 Phil Cooper

341 Bill Keato 342 Fred McKean
 * 1939

343 O Mitchell

344 Dave Colless

345 Ron Ackling

346 R Campbell

347 Ken Kelly

348 H Allen

349 J Tisdale

350 John Caffrey

351 Harry Martin 352 Bruce Brown
 * 1940

353 A Patrick 354 Jack Whitehurst

355 Doug Rogers

356 Jack Farrell

357 J Grahame

358 R Ridley 359 J Huxley
 * 1941

360 N Parkinson

361 Jim Rutherford

362 T Slattery

363 Bob Thompson

364 Eric Bennett

365 C O'Brien

366 C Sherry 367 Harry Grew
 * 1942

368 L Hoshcke

369 Neville Spence

370 W Taylor

371 C Williams

372 R Hill

373 William Brown

374 Terry Edwards

375 R McLaurin

376 J Wilson

377 A Rice

378 R Thompson

379 J Fawkner

380 Billy Morris

381 J Hope

382 E Edwards

383 T Grew

384 L Rigby

385 J Beckett 386 Begley J
 * 1943

387 Arthur Clues

388 S Eisenhuth

389 Dick Johnson

390 Bob Andrews

391 B Dawson

392 Alan Keato

393 R Fields

394 Jack Snare

395 K Ibbett

396 Fred Fayers

397 P McFarlane

398 Jack Russell

399 Ron Martin 400 S Ball
 * 1944

401 H Fyvie

402 Jim Keefe

403 Don Milton

404 Cliff Peime

405 W Phillips

406 Alf Cardy

407 Neville Hogan

408 Fred Yanz Jr.

409 J Banner

410 A Seamer

411 Paddy Bugden

412 L Clancy

413 R Davidson

414 Robert Magill 415 Frank Dodson
 * 1945

416 Jim Nicholson

417 Jim Seery

418 Jack Walsh

419 Col Maxwell

420 R Dreves

421 R Williams 422 Tom Briggs
 * 1946

423 J Hickey

424 Bob Hobbs

425 Lindsay Rodda

426 S Cruise

427 Dick McKelvey

428 K Cleary

429 Pat Leal 430 Trevor Eather
 * 1947

431 Kevein Hansen

432 John Lackey

433 Peter McLean

434 Mick Thornton 435 Bernie Purcell
 * 1948

436 Frank Stanmore

437 Alan Hornery

438 Wally Tebbutt

439 Bill Horder

440 Keith Holman

441 Col Hudson

442 Don Worne 443 Jack Woods
 * 1949

444 George Bain

445 Bill Rawlinson

446 Jack Fitzgerald

447 G Lovell

448 Jack Williams

449 Vic Williams

450 Bill Hilliard

451 Jack Wall

452 Jack Rawlinson 453 Bill Randall
 * 1950

454 Dev Dines

455 Ron Watson

456 Bobby Dimond

457 Leo Trevena

458 Dudley Beger

459 Don Stait 460 Arthur Collinson
 * 1951

461 Peter Long

462 Keith Cullen

463 Jack Rudd

464 Keith Deacon

465 Hec Farrell

466 Eddie Hooper

467 K Muddell 468 Bill Callinan
 * 1952

469 Gerry Lowe

470 Col Ratcliff

471 Don Schofield

472 Bede Goff

473 R Smith

474 F Mullens

475 Jack Dickerson 476 W Smith
 * 1953

477 Ernie Church

478 Mick Carrig

479 Jim McKenzie

480 Bob Sargent

481 Keith Lennard

482 Brian Ogle

483 Max Caldwell

484 Dale Puren

485 Barry Owens

486 Reg Southam

487 Peter Wooden

488 Ted Brennan 489 Neville Charlton
 * 1954

490 Don Graham

491 Bill Owens

492 Doug Smith

493 Johnny Thompson

494 W Lowe

495 Kevin Owens

496 E Burnett

497 Jim Fleming

498 Bob Tucker

499 Jack Gibson

500 Bill Carson

501 John Harrison

502 E Wynn

503 M Godfrey

504 J Leslie

505 Bill Brown

506 Pat Toohey

507 Bill Bailey
 * 1955

508 John Brest

509 Don Collier

510 Pat Hyde

511 Jack Plater

512 Dick Murphy

513 P Williamson

514 Noel Trevena

515 K Thompson

516 Monty Porter

517 Geoff Jurd 518 Darcy Henry
 * 1956

519 Ernie Hills

520 Ian Johnston

521 Don Meehan

522 Kel O'Shea

523 Mark Patch

524 Cliff Smailes

525 Harry Wells

526 Pat Daley

527 Noel Hurley

528 Ray Aldrich

529 Fred Delaney

530 Peter Hargreaves 531 Doug Hambilton
 * 1957

532 Darcy Russell

533 Brian Shannon

534 Ron Sudlow

535 Les Midson

536 Doug Harrison

537 Ernie Johnson

538 Brian Isaacs 539 Buddy Bowman
 * 1958

540 Peter Dimond

541 Rees Duncan

542 Doug Jones

543 Jack Mantle

544 Don Malone

545 Bernie Kelly

546 Colin Wells

547 Fred Graber

548 John Dawson 549 Ian Moir
 * 1959

550 John Taunton

551 Ray McDermott

552 John Mowbray

553 Dick Poole

554 Frank Clegg

555 John Conna

556 George Downie

557 Dave Barsley

558 Roger Buttenshaw

559 Joe Ryan 560 Denis Meaney
 * 1960

561 Garry Russell

562 Arthur Summons

563 Ken Bray

564 Max Carter

565 Kevin Cocks

566 Bill Tonkin 567 John Hayes
 * 1961

568 Billy Martin

569 Don Parish

570 Kevin Smyth

571 John Rochester

572 Noel Kelly

573 Fred Norden 574 Gil MacDougall
 * 1962

575 Brian Henderson

576 Bob McGuinness

577 Don Hall

578 Carl Ross

579 Jim Cody

580 Wal Hinkley 581 Bob McLaughlin
 * 1963

582 Jack Gibson 583 Ken Owens
 * 1964

584 Ray Picklum

585 Dennis Laverty

586 John Armstrong

587 Ron Costello

588 Doug Page

589 Roy Ferguson

590 John Kearns

591 Brian Kowald

592 James Gibson

593 Pat Thomas

594 Denis Culpan 595 Noel Thornton
 * 1965

526 Dick Pickett

527 Denis Pittard

598 Jim Brophy

599 Graham Bevan

600 Bill Wilson

601 Bill Hansen

602 Barry Bryant

603 Peter Burnicle 604 John Elford
 * 1966

605 Alan Allison

606 John Walsh 607 Ken Stonestreet
 * 1967

608 Noel Dolton

609 Bob Smith

610 Doug Walkaden

611 Tony Ford

612 Barry Glasgow

613 Tony Packham

614 Peter Chapman

615 Ross Goodman

616 Bruce Beer 617 John Maxwell
 * 1968

618 Rod Smith

619 John Walsh

620 Mick Alchin

621 Neville Hornery

622 Tim Murphy

623 Steve Winter

624 John Baker

625 Peter Flanders 626 Gary Gunton
 * 1969

627 John Fisher

628 Frank Tagg

629 Don Rogers

630 Geoff Henry

631 Tommy Raudonikis

632 Walter James

633 Gary Weston

634 Jon Clark 635 Tony Antunac
 * 1970

636 Wayne Merry

637 Derek Brouwer

638 Jeff Nielsen

639 Kevin Timbs

640 Ivan Jones 641 Dick Timbs
 * 1971

642 Neville Sinclair

643 George Skeers

644 Russell Mullins

645 Noel Hurford

646 Russell Johnstone

647 Brian Winney

648 Barry Boss

649 Col Withers

650 Jim Croucher 651 John Heyward
 * 1972

652 Stephen Knight

653 John Walker

654 John O'Bryan

655 Olaf Prattl

656 John Sheridan

657 Steve Satterley

658 Allan Ashmore

659 Gary Rose

660 Peter Handcock

661 John Glachan

662 Geoff Foster

663 Terry Mullins 664 Shayne Day
 * 1973

665 Brian Isbester

666 Jim Murphy

667 Robbie Parker

668 Ted Walton

669 Nick Moroko

670 Jim Myers

671 Phil Franks 672 Dave Oliveri
 * 1974

673 John Purcell

674 Warren Snodgrass

675 Steve Rigney

676 Mick Liubinskas

677 John Dorahy

678 Pat Hundy

679 Graeme O'Grady

680 Russell Worth

681 Ron Giteau

682 Geoff Smith 683 John Donnelly
 * 1975

684 Terry Rose 685 Chris Wellman

686 Trevor Scarr

687 Ken Hey

688 Greg McTeigue

689 Peter Young

690 Trevor Reardon 691 Les Boyd
 * 1976

692 Wayne Smith

693 Peter Walsh

694 Steve Blyth

695 Geoff Gardiner 696 Doug Lucas
 * 1977

697 Gavin Miller

698 Don Moseley

699 Ken Bourke

700 Peter Rowles

701 Kerry Morrison

702 Bob Cooper

703 Alan Neil

704 Marshall Rogers

705 Garry Walsh

706 Steve Eisenhuth

707 Peter Lema

708 Dave Kennedy 709 Eric Cain
 * 1978

710 Bruce Gibbs

711 John Crow

712 Garry Clarke

713 Stephen Broughton

714 David Waite

715 Bill Cloughessy

716 Ron Brodrick 717 Warren Boland
 * 1979

718 Ray Brown

719 Jack Jeffries

720 Brian Cook

721 Mark Beaven

722 Gerard Crowe

723 Col Ensor

724 Pat Hurney

725 Terry Leabeater

726 Tony Armstrong

727 Peter Barr 728 Jeff Case
 * 1980

729 Ted Goodwin

730 Jim Leis

731 Paul Merlo

732 Wayne Buckley

733 John Ribot

734 Terry Lamb

735 Alan Latham

736 John McLeod

737 Tom Arber

738 Michael Duke 739 Garry Dowling
 * 1981

740 Ian Schubert

741 Greg Cox

742 Trevor Cogger

743 Garry Jack

744 Ross Conlon

745 George Moroko

746 Col Dennis

747 Bruce Clark

748 Mick Pinkerton

749 Geoff Spotswood

750 Trevor Ryan 751 Arthur Mountier
 * 1982

752 Bruce Grimaldi

753 George Fahd

754 Garry Collison

755 Brett Gale

756 Steve Anderson

757 Robert Ryan

758 Charlie Khalifeh

759 Greg McElhone

760 David Greene

761 Peter Burgmann
 * 1983

762 Ian Freeman

763 Scott Gale

764 David Hall

765 George Ghosn

766 Bill Hilliard

767 Brian Battese

768 Paul Gearin

769 John Cogger

770 Paul Beaven

771 Mark Massone

772 Mick Neil

773 Matt Carter

774 David Harris

775 Brett Davidson

776 Peter Lamb

777 Grant Fyvie

778 Allan Woods

779 Kevin Bryson

780 Bob Muirhead 781 Gerald Celarc
 * 1984

782 John Coveney

783 Pat English

784 Allen Geelan

785 Mark Harrigan

786 Craig Madsen

787 John McArthur

788 Gary Webster

789 Leo Epifania

790 Eddie Flahey

791 Darryl Turner

792 Craig Ellis

793 Gerry Byron

794 Steve Kerr

795 Scott Rigney

796 Brett Clark

797 George Katsogiannis

798 Allan Fallah

799 David Stafford 800 Greg Duval
 * 1985

801 Mark Lawson

802 Chris Stephandellis

803 Gary Warnecke

804 Mark Keehan

805 Craig Clarke

806 Steve Want

807 Wayne Wigham

808 Steve Ewer

809 Gary Pearce

810 Geoff Dillon

811 Steve Mullen

812 Tom Robbins

813 Lee Crooks

814 Peter Worth

815 Geoff Sutton

816 Greg Brown

817 Troy McGregor

818 Charlie Eltoubgi

819 Craig Neil

820 Greg Falkner

821 Gary McFarlane 822 Alan Burns
 * 1986

823 Paul Sheahan

824 Wilfred Williams

825 Brett Davis

826 Rod Pethybridge

827 John Bilbija

828 Ian Naden

829 Noel Mancuso

830 Grahame Jennings

831 Doug Rawlings

832 Deryck Fox

833 John Henderson

834 Des Drummond

835 John Elias 836 Phillip Duke
 * 1987

837 Wayne Lambkin

838 Steve McCoy

839 Les White

840 John Allanson

841 Scott Tronc

842 Terry Donnellan

843 Mark Meskell

844 Denis Kinchela

845 Hew Rees

846 Jason Williams

847 Andrew Stewart 848 Cameron Blair
 * 1988

849 Chris Blair

850 Gary Bukowski

851 Dave Gallagher

852 Dale Hall

853 Graham Mackay

854 Danny Peacock

855 Wayne Simonds

856 Mick Taylor

857 Craig Teitzel

858 Dave Woods

859 Michael Hoy

860 Ian Howcroft

861 Michael McClintock

862 Mark Bevan

863 Jason Stafford

864 Ernie Garland

865 Jason Lidden

866 Peter Vale

867 Michael McKinnon

868 Dave Wellings

869 Brian Brown 870 Stephen Funnell
 * 1989

871 Shane Leigh

872 Pat O'Doherty

873 Nick Stevanovic

874 Shane Flanagan

875 Michael Gould

876 Brendon Tuuta

877 Richard Smith

878 Darren Girard

879 Brett Docherty

880 Stuart Raper

881 Kelvin Skerrett

882 Ellery Hanley

883 Garry Schofield

884 Darren Britt

885 Stan Presdee 886 Tony Cosatto
 * 1990

887 Shaun Devine

888 Ivan Henjak

889 Steve Jackson

890 Bob Lindner

891 Jason Taylor

892 Jamie Ainscough

893 Tim Perrin

894 Graham Spinks

895 Angelo Alavanja

896 Russell Wyer

897 Chris Warren

898 Jason Kelly

899 Noel Goldthorpe

900 Paul Fuz

901 Shaun O'Bryan 902 Stephen Burns
 * 1991

903 Jim Dymock

904 Tony Rampling

905 Joe Thomas

906 Ron Gibbs

907 David Gillespie

908 Andrew Farrar

909 Graeme Wynn

910 Peter Trevitt

911 Reece Webb

912 Mark Williams

913 Bronko Djura

914 Robert Burgess

915 Paul Langmack 916 Mark Bell
 * 1992

917 Terry Hill

918 Darren Willis

919 Anthony Xuereb

920 Kyle White

921 David Anderson

922 Evan Cochrane

923 Billy Noke

924 Damien McGarry

925 Wayne Taekata

926 Stephen Kearney

927 Malcolm Wheeler

928 Jason Alchin

929 Scott Hardy 930 Justin Dooley
 * 1993

931 Steve Georgallis

932 Andrew Leeds

933 Steve O'Dea

934 Matt Ryan

935 Charlie Saab

936 Josh White

937 Andrew Willis

938 Justin Moloney

939 Brad Hughes

940 Darrien Doherty

941 Glenn Grief

942 Mark Afflick

943 Craig Menkins

944 Chris Williams

945 Brett Cullen

946 Jason Benge

947 Mark Hill

948 Aseri Laing

949 Gerome Lane 950 Darren Brown
 * 1994

951 Dale Fritz

952 Ewan McGrady

953 Jim Serdaris

954 Paul Smith

955 Brent Stuart

956 Neil Tierney

957 Manoa Thompson

958 Illiesa Toga

959 Jason Eade

960 Stuart Coupland

961 David Wonson

962 Brandon Pearson

963 Bill Dunn

964 Ciriaco Mescia

965 Ken McGuinness

966 Peter Shiels 967 Darren Burns
 * 1995

968 Damian Driscoll

969 Mark Horo

970 Damian Kennedy

971 Grant Trindall

972 Paul Bell

973 Tony Wall

974 Kevin McGuinness

975 David Myers

976 David Seidenkamp 977 Jason Austin
 * 1996

978 Craig Coleman

979 Jason Duff

980 Chad Harris

981 Darren Capovilla

982 Andrew Hick

983 Nathan Hodges

984 John Skandalis

985 Harvey Howard

986 Michael O'Neall

987 Willie Newton

988 Nathan Lakeman 989 Des Hasler
 * 1997

990 Shane Millard

991 Jimmy Smith

992 Shaun Walliss

993 Chris Yates

994 Adam Doyle

995 Adam Donovan

996 Shayne McMenemy

997 Brett Taylor

998 Brett Hodgson

999 Savenaca Lomanimako

1000 Gary Dowse

1001 Brett Hickman 1002 Scott Coxon
 * 1998

1003 Darren Rameka

1004 Leo Dynevor

1005 Adrian Rainey

1006 Don Smith

1007 Jason Keough

1008 Brenton Pomery

1009 Leo Clarke

1010 Nick Edwards

1011 Ben MacDougall

1012 Lincoln Raudonikis

1013 Dayle Bonner

1014 Ron Jones

1015 Brett Warton

1016 Darren Fritz

1017 Jared Mills

1018 Ashley Rhodes

1019 Darryl Fisher

1020 Travis Baker

1021 Aaron Cotter

1022 Trent Brown 1023 Adam Bristow
 * 1999

1024 Justin Brooker

1025 Paul Jeffries

1026 Robbie Payne

1027 Shane Perry

1028 Tevita Amone

1029 Dane Dorahy

1030 Luke Goodwin

1031 Marshall Scott

1032 Michael Brabek

1033 Matt Fuller

1034 David Buko

1035 Barry Davis

1036 Matt Spence

1037 Tate Moseley

1038 Chris Marland

1039 Ray Cashmere

Notable fans

 * Doug Sutherland, mayor of Sydney (1980–87)
 * Trooper Mark Donaldson VC
 * Paul Gerantonis (1969–current)
 * Malcolm T. Elliott (radio broadcaster)
 * John Singleton (entrepreneur, businessman and horse racing identity)
 * Steve Waugh (former Australian Cricket captain)
 * Ken Callander
 * John Coates (Australian Olympic Committee chairman)
 * Michael Clarke former Australian Cricket Captain

title: Western Suburbs Magpies


text:
Talk:Kerry Pollard

Back injury
Did this really happen in Canada? This news article on his own web page suggests to me (with quotes such as "with the Education and Skills select committee" and "attended St Thomas’ A and E") that it occurred in the UK.

Secondly, is there a more accurate (and less relative) date than 'recently' for this event? --David Edgar 11:22, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Statement of neutrality
I may have the same last name as Kerry Pollard, but I am not related to him. You may verify all information I have entered into this article for accuracy. Bill Pollard (talk) 04:23, 14 June 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Kerry Pollard. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050108071047/http://www.kerrypollardmp.co.uk/ to http://www.kerrypollardmp.co.uk/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051217194339/http://www.hertsad.co.uk/flatfiles/infodesk/asp/mps/pollard.aspx to http://www.hertsad.co.uk/flatfiles/infodesk/asp/mps/pollard.aspx

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:32, 29 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kerry Pollard


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-03-21/Arbitration report

Following his offer to serve as a sort of self-appointed prosecutor of arbitration cases (see archived story), Snowspinner last week kept up his pace of bringing new requests. With the Arbitration Committee having spent a couple of months clearing out its caseload, his work seemed to be building it back up again somewhat.

Picking up on an earlier arbitration case whose aftereffects continue to produce tension, Snowspinner submitted a new request last Saturday against Everyking. The request focused on the fact that Everyking had been blocked repeatedly for continuing to make reverts dealing with Ashlee Simpson, in violation of the previous ruling.

The request was accepted, although Everyking complained that the previous steps in resolving disputes had not been tried. Snowspinner contended that Everyking's "hostility and aggressiveness" about the subject meant that "there is no reasoning with him." Anthony DiPierro, the subject of an earlier request for arbitration brought by Snowspinner, echoed Everyking's concern and asked for Snowspinner to be barred from making additional requests, saying "he instead seems to intentionally get involved in conflict and arbitration."

In response, Snowspinner then volunteered to submit his own conduct in pursuing arbitration for review, through the "inspired lunacy" of requesting arbitration against himself. The arbitrators declined to consider this matter, with mav commenting that some kind of official prosecuting position might actually be worthwhile.

Disposing of two easy cases
More of the focus seemed to be on processing new arbitration requests (several other requests were rejected), as the arbitrators only closed two fairly simple cases last week, and most of the more complex matters remained under consideration.

Based on complaints by several users, the Arbitration Committee accepted a case a couple of weeks ago against JarlaxleArtemis, a relatively new contributor. Among the issues involved were some personal attacks, as well as uploading and incorrectly tagging a variety of images, some of them likely to have problems with copyright. The case was closed last Friday with a fairly brief ruling.

Concluding that these actions were out of ignorance, the arbitrators required that before making any further edits, JarlaxleArtemis review the relevant policies (No personal attacks, Image copyright tags, and the Copyright FAQ), then post a statement that he had read and understood them. He promptly prepared a brief statement to that effect, and has continued to edit Wikipedia without serious incident. In connection with this, JarlaxleArtemis is on a type of parole for the next three months to cover any future violations of these policies.

The arbitrators also closed another case due to lack of evidence. In the Noah Peters case, Apollomelos had asked for the Arbitration Committee to review the situation involving a user with various sockpuppets who was already informally banned for vandalism. The accounts were blocked again indefinitely around the time of the arbitration request, so apparently nobody felt the need to pursue the matter further to get an official ruling.

Other new cases opened
Due to the presentation of a substantial amount of evidence in the 172 case dealing with the user making the initial request, Netoholic, in response to a suggestion from arbitrator Neutrality the Committee decided to split the matter into a separate case. Neutrality is recused from both cases, but along with Snowspinner was involved in presenting most of the evidence about Netoholic.

Also, the arbitrators accepted a case involving Iasson and his alleged use of so-called "public accounts". These are accounts for which the password is made publicly available, somewhat similar to the action of CheeseDreams during her last arbitration case.


text:
Kecoughtan, Virginia

In the seventeenth century, Kecoughtan was the name of the settlement now known as Hampton, Virginia. In the early twentieth century, it was also the name of a town nearby in Elizabeth City County. It was annexed into the City of Newport News in 1927.

Colonial and Native American Kecoughtan
Kecoughtan in Virginia was originally named Kikotan (also spelled Kiccowtan, Kikowtan), the name of the Algonquian Native Americans living there when colonists led by Captain John Smith arrived in the Hampton Roads area in 1607.

According to William Strachey, Chief Powhatan had slain the weroance at Kecoughtan in 1597, appointing his own young son Pochins as successor there, while resettling some of the tribe at the Piankatank River. Powhatan annihilated the inhabitants at Piankatank in 1608.

The Kecoughtan village was where Captain John Smith and his group of settlers received their first welcome in 1607. The tribe remained generally friendly to them until the summer of 1609, when president John Smith sent Captain Martin to forcibly take over the island inhabited by the Nansemonds, across the mouth of the James. A company of 17 men mutinied from Martin and absconded to Kecoughtan to buy corn, where they were all killed. Martin abandoned the Nansemonds' island and returned to Jamestown.

The colonists then built Fort Algernon at Old Point Comfort beside their main village in October 1609. After the arrival of Lord De La Warr, the colonists seized the native village on July 9, 1610, by luring them out with a tambourine player, then attacking them. The surviving Kecoughtans fled to merge with other groups in the Powhatan Paramount Chiefdom.

On the same date in 1610, the Elizabeth City Parish was founded. The area and the parish has since been continuously occupied. Renamed St. John's Episcopal Church in 1830, the parish is the oldest English-speaking parish in the US today. The current church, constructed in 1728, is the fourth built for the parish.

Kecoughtan became part of Elizabeth River Shire in 1634, and Elizabeth City County in 1637. In the 1690s, Kecoughtan became part of the newly incorporated Town of Hampton, which later became an independent city. Elizabeth City County and its only incorporated town, Phoebus, both agreed to a consolidation with Hampton in 1952, forming the current City of Hampton.

Through Fort Algernon and the Kecoughtan settlement, Hampton can claim to be the oldest continually occupied English-speaking settlement in the United States, by virtue of Jamestown (which usually claims this distinction) having been abandoned for two days in June 1610, and also because after 1698, when the capital of the Virginia colony and the parish seat moved from James town to Williamsburg, the buildings at Jamestown, including the church, were abandoned.

Town of Kecoughtan (20th century)
In an area immediately to the southwest of the original settlement, the incorporated town of Kecoughtan was formed on January 1, 1916, within Elizabeth City County. It was located between Salters Creek and Hampton Roads and was developed by the Newport News, Hampton, and Old Point Development Company. The major business located in the town was Elizabeth Buxton Hospital. It was served by Woodrow Wilson School and a town hall and firestation.

Eleven years later it was annexed by the independent city of Newport News on January 1, 1927. At that time the town's population was 1,198 and the total length of its streets five miles. The hard surface roadway connecting the area to the city of Hampton opened in 1910 and was named Kecoughtan Road for the town. It was incorporated into US Route 60.

title: Kecoughtan, Virginia


text:
Monasterevin

Monasterevin, also Monasterevan, and Mevin is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. The town lies on the River Barrow and the Barrowline, a canal branch of the Grand Canal. In the 20 years between the 2002 and 2022 census, the population of Monasterevin more than doubled, from 2,583 to 5,307 inhabitants. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

Location and Access
Situated 63 km from Dublin on the R445 road, Monasterevin has been relieved of much through-traffic by the opening in 2004 of a section of the M7 motorway bypassing the town on the N7 Dublin to Limerick route. Monasterevin railway station is on InterCity rail lines for trains from Dublin to the southwest (Cork, Limerick and Tralee) and west (Galway and Mayo). The town is also on Ireland's canal network, linking the Grand Canal and the River Barrow.

History
Monasterevin is situated on the border of County Kildare and County Laois. The towns and districts of Rathangan, Kildare, Portarlington and Athy surround the parish. The main geographical features of the countryside are the River Barrow, its tributaries, the extensive bogland and the limestone outcrop of Moore Abbey Hill.

Prehistoric Era
In pre-historic times, glacial activity shaped the landscape. The meltwater from the retreating ice-sheet formed outwash plains of gravel to the east and west. These are of course the Curragh and Heath. The land between is mainly limestone and proved an ideal path for the River Barrow, fed by its tributaries the Black and the Figile.

Evidence of the early Stone Age is sketchy but there are traces of Neolithic man in the area. A dolmen, now collapsed, once marked the burial of some important tribal potentate in a local townland. During the Barrow drainage, hundreds of stone axe heads were found on the river-bed at each of the three major crossing points that occur within the town. Their presence may indicate the importance of Monasterevin as a fording point on the mystical Baru. Neolithic travellers may have sacrificed the valuable axe heads to the spirit of the Barrow or Baru. Or they may have been placed in the shallow water to mark the significance of crossing the boundary between two peoples.

The Bronze Age in Monasterevin was the age of the small farmer as evidenced by several earthwork enclosures. One such is the earthwork enclosure just above the town referred to as the Aquafort, resting as it does on the spit of land where the River Figile joins the River Barrow. At the time it would have been in use the water level was much higher meaning that approaching the defences was more difficult.

The pattern of fortified settlement continues into the Iron Age. We also know that by this time the bogland around Monasterevin was fully formed. Traversing these areas would have been difficult but the importance of the fords on the Barrow meant that some solution had to be found. The equivalent of the M7 motorway was needed and indeed it was provided by what is known as "The Danes Road". It was built by laying large rough-hewn planks and a foundation of brushwood on boggy ground. This base spread the weight of the gravel layer on top, allowing the roads to be used by chariots. St. Brigid is said to have ordered the construction of such a road.

Middle Ages
Saint Abban of New Ross, a contemporary of Saint Patrick, established a monastic settlement by the banks of the River Barrow at Rosglas and gave it into the charge of his protégé Evin (Éimhín; the name is a diminutive of the adjective eimh "swift, active", Latinized Eminus).

Saint Evin brought a number of monks with him from his native Munster. This gained the settlement the name Rosglos-na-Moinneach (the greenwood of the Munstermen). Saint Evin was politically astute; today he would be called a spin-doctor. He secured special status for the Monasterevin area placing it outside the common law, making it a sanctuary. His famous bell was used for swearing oaths and was much in demand by tribes of the region for guaranteeing peace treaties. St. Evin also co-authored the "Tripartite Life of St. Patrick". Other writing by Evin survives including the "Cain Emhin".

Although St. Evin's monastery died out about the time of the Viking raids in Ireland, its importance continued. In 903 AD, the Battle of Ballaghmoon was fought for the ownership of the church.

The next religious establishment on the site was in the 12th century when the Cistercian Abbey was founded under the patronage of Dermot O’Dempsey. This began a long connection with Mellifont in County Louth the Cistercian motherhouse overall Ireland and Baltinglass in County Wicklow, the motherhouse of Monasterevin. At this time the O’Dempseys were the rulers of the area, which was part of the territory of Clanmaliere. The O’Dempseys remained involved with the Abbey providing the last abbot in Monasterevin Hugh O’Dempsey.

Once again the importance of Monasterevin as a crossing point on the Barrow asserted itself and the town came under the opposing influences of the O’Mores of Laois, the Hiberno Norman Earls of Kildare and the English Pale. Abbots of Monasterevin, therefore, had to inherit St. Evin's talent for politics. Abbots of Monasterevin held a seat in the Irish Parliament while assisting outlaws and rebels against the crown of England.

By 1427 Rosglas had fallen on hard times and in 1541 the Abbey was handed over to Henry VIII of England as part of his reformation. He, in turn, leased it to his nobles. During the Elizabethan period, there were several occupants including Sir Robert Devereaux, Earl of Essex after whom Essex Bridge is named (commonly called the Pass Bridge because he passed over it on his way to his disastrous campaign against the native Irish in Munster). It is not recorded whether he passed that way again on his way to be beheaded at the Tower of London.

Early Modern Era
King James I granted the Abbey and demesne of Rosglas at Monasterevin to Sir Adam Loftus in 1613. The Earls of Drogheda married into the Loftus family. Charles Lord Moore Earl of Drogheda married Jane Loftus in 1699. Their son Edward became the Fourth Earl who sold the Mellifont estates and transferred the family seat to Monasterevin.

The coming of the Moores marks an important point in the history of Monasterevin. Its rise as the "Venice of Ireland" was encouraged by the many improvement works undertaken by the family and the influx of a mixed Protestant and Catholic merchant class. The First Earl had laid out the streets at the centre of Dublin, Drogheda Street (O'Connell Street), Moore Street, Henry Street, and Mary Street. His descendants continued this tradition of town planning by laying out the grid-pattern of the town with the parallel Main Street and Drogheda Street which were connected by several crossing streets and lanes, some of which have disappeared.

Monasterevin has an unusual number of Bridges giving rise to its nickname of the Venice of Ireland. Arriving in 1786, the Grand Canal lends support to this name. Originally the spur connecting the mainline the Barrow in Athy was carried down the bank by locks into Barrow and up the other side.

The Grand Canal allowed the local distilling industry to flourish. The captains of this industry were the Cassidy Family whose whisky and their St. Patrick Cross Pale Ale became world-famous. The wealth they acquired gave them considerable influence in the locality. In 1798, Cassidy was the local magistrate.

On 25 May 1798, insurgents from the surrounding countryside marched on the town of Monasterevin in an attempt to capture it. The Battle of Monasterevin took place in the Main Street opposite St. John's church, which had been fortified by local yeomanry and militiamen. A charge by the Monasterevin Yeomanry Cavalry routed the insurgents.

Later in the year Fr. Edward Prendergast was arrested and condemned to death for ministering to the insurgents in their camp in Iron Hill near Nurney. He was hanged in the garden of Monasterevin House and buried there. Captain Padraig O’Bierne and a group of Derryoughter boatmen stole into the town under cover of darkness and removed the body to his home place of Harristown.

Modern Age
The 19th century was marked by further improvements to the town infrastructure including the building of a new Town Bridge in 1832 and the arrival of the railway. The area was largely unaffected by the widespread mass evictions of the era, the Droghedas being generally regarded as good landlords. An aqueduct built in 1826 carries the Grand Canal over the River Barrow, preceded by a lift drawbridge where the R424 main road crosses the Barrowline branch of the Grand Canal, the only such main road bridge to do so on the Grand Canal. Monasterevin is noted for its unusually high number of bridges in such a small semi-rural area, earning it the name of Venice of Ireland. The Great Famines of the 1840s also left the area relatively un-ravaged.

The poet Gerard Manley Hopkins visited the town on seven occasions.

Birth of motor racing
On 2 July 1903, the Gordon Bennett Cup ran through Monsterevin. It was the first international motor race to be held in either Ireland or Great Britain. The Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland wanted the race to be hosted in Britain or Ireland, and Ireland was suggested as the venue because racing was illegal on British public roads. After some lobbying, Kildare was chosen, partly because the straightness of the roads was seen as a safety benefit. As a compliment to Ireland, the British team chose to race in Shamrock green which thus became known as British racing green. The route consisted of several loops of a circuit that passed-through Kilcullen, Kildare, Monasterevin, Stradbally, Athy, Castledermot, and Carlow. The race started at the Ballyshannon cross-roads near Calverstown. The 328 mi race was won by the Belgian Camille Jenatzy, driving a Mercedes.

20th century
The rise of Nationalism at the turn of the 20th century was well supported in the area. In 1900 a Celtic Cross style Monument in honour of Fr. Prendergast was erected by popular subscription of the Nationalists of the town and surrounding districts. During the Great War many young men from the town and surrounding areas joined the Leinster Regiment and Connaught Rangers. Many died on the Western Front and of those who returned many were physically or physiological scarred.

During the War of Independence, the rail lines around Monasterevin and Kildangan were the chief targets of IRA action. The population suffered the attentions of the Black and Tans on their way down the country.

From 1925 Count John McCormack was the tenant of Moore Abbey. The world-famous tenor entertained many famous guests during his years in the house. As well as recording his albums in the Great Hall, one of the scenes from his film Song of My Heart was filmed on the grounds.

During the Emergency of 1939–45, Monasterevin prepared to defend itself against any aggressor by raising its own Local Defence Force, preparing its bridges for demolition, and building a pillbox to defend the town. The engineering works of Samuel E. Holmes produced grenades for the army.

In 1975, Monasterevin made international headlines. On the morning of 21 October, Gardaí surrounded a house in St. Evin's Park. Inside were the kidnappers of Dr. Tiede Herrema The "Siege at Monasterevin" lasted 17 days ending on 7 November with the surrender of the kidnappers and the freedom of Dr. Herrema.

Culture
From 1987 to 2015, a Gerard Manley Hopkins Literary Festival was held annually in the town, which the poet described as "one of the props and struts of my existence" whilst he was teaching in Dublin. It then moved to neighbouring Newbridge.

Sport
Monasterevin G.F.C. is one of the local Gaelic Athletic Association football clubs, the others including Ballykelly GAA and Ros Glas hurling club.

Monasterevin is the birthplace of Wimbledon Tennis Champion Willoughby Hamilton.

title: Monasterevin


text:
Pugs (compiler)

Pugs is a compiler and interpreter for the Raku programming language, started on February 1, 2005, by Audrey Tang. (At the time, Raku was known as Perl 6.)

Pugs development is now placed on hiatus, with most Raku implementation efforts now taking place on Rakudo.

Overview
The Pugs project aimed to bootstrap Perl 6 by implementing the full Perl 6 specification, as detailed in the Synopses. It is written in Haskell, specifically targeting the Glasgow Haskell Compiler.

Pugs includes two main executables:
 * Pugs is the interpreter with an interactive shell.
 * Pugscc can compile Perl 6 programs into Haskell code, Perl 5, JavaScript, or Parrot virtual machine's PIR assembly.

Pugs is free software, distributable under the terms of either the GNU General Public License or the Artistic License. These are the same terms as Perl.

Version numbering
The major/minor version numbers of Pugs converges to 2π (being reminiscent of TeX and METAFONT, which use a similar scheme); each significant digit in the minor version represents a successfully completed milestone. The third digit is incremented for each release. The current milestones are:
 * 6.0: Initial release.
 * 6.2: Basic IO and control flow elements; mutable variables; assignment.
 * 6.28: Classes and traits.
 * 6.283: Rules and Grammars.
 * 6.2831: Type system and linking.
 * 6.28318: Macros.
 * 6.283185: Port Pugs to Perl 6, if needed.

Perl 5 compatibility
As of version 6.2.6, Pugs also has the ability to embed Perl 5 and use CPAN modules installed on the system. The example below demonstrates the use of the popular Perl DBI module to manage a database:

Development model
Several factors have been suggested as reasons for Pugs's progress:
 * Haskell's static typing can make it easier for program bugs to be detected at compile time. Haskell code is also often thought to be concise. The Parsec library, a monadic combinatorial parser written entirely in Haskell, simplifies parsing. Because Haskell is a purely functional language, making the functional code interact with the real world (inputs/outputs and time-driven environment) requires thought. To achieve this, Pugs makes extensive use of monads.
 * Pugs's use of test-driven methodology (a tenet of Extreme Programming). This methodology dictates that every module should have test code, even before the modules are implemented. Advocates of this methodology argue that it improves software quality. However, the project often silenced failed regression tests before releases, removing much of the benefit of test-driven development.
 * Tang's liberal granting of the commit bit. Pugs development is currently based around a Subversion repository, and access is freely given - especially to people wishing to write tests. Because of this, a huge library of tests has accumulated. Other Perl 6 implementations rely on many tests developed for Pugs as an executable specification for Perl 6.
 * Tang's communication style; her journal (linked below) attracted many people to the project.

Despite these factors, progress on the Haskell implementation stalled in late 2006, as personal issues kept Audrey from devoting as much time to the project as she had in 2005.

Many Pugs contributors have since moved on to implement Perl6-inspired systems as CPAN modules on Perl 5, such as the Moose project.

title: Pugs (compiler)


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-03-07/Gdansk or Danzig

The vote on Talk:Gdansk/Vote to resolve the Gdansk/Danzig naming dispute has closed as scheduled on Friday, March 4th 0:00. (See also the previous article) This vote aimed to resolve the multi-year, multi-article dispute about the naming of Gdansk/Danzig, arguably the largest and longest-running article content dispute on Wikipedia.

Since notice of the vote was posted on many of the talk pages for affected articles, and also announced in several other places, the vote received a significant turnout with about 100 users adding their votes. A lively discussion was also active on Talk:Gdansk/Vote and Talk:Gdansk/Vote/discussion, although many of the arguments were already known to participants in previous discussions on Talk:Gdansk.

Naming of Gdansk/Danzig
In the first section of the vote, the naming of Gdansk and Danzig was decided. Dividing the history of the city into six periods, most periods received a very clear result, although there were some discussions about the exact starting and ending years for the respective periods. A large number of voters preferred the city to be named Gdansk before 1308, and after 1945. Between 1308 and 1466, and between 1793 and 1945 a large majority voted for Danzig. Only the period from 1466 to 1793 was almost evenly split between Danzig and Gdansk, as the city was under Polish overlordship during this period but remained culturally German. Ultimately a slim majority preferred Danzig, in line with the practice common in English-language history books.

For a quick summary, the outcome is that the city is to be named Danzig between 1308 and 1945, and Gdansk before 1308 and after 1945. The vote left open the possibility that these guidelines may change in the future if the community consensus changes.

Cross-naming
In addition to settling which name to use according to different time periods, three cross-naming proposals received large support. These dealt with the initial reference in an article, so that the first mention of Gdansk should also refer to (Danzig), and the first mention of Danzig should also refer to (Gdansk) to provide more information to the user about the city that is still known under both names. The same principle would apply to other locations that share a history between Poland and Germany, for example with Szczecin (Stettin) or Stettin (now Szczecin, Poland).

Another guideline that received general support recognized different treatment in biographical articles based on the nationality of the subject. Thus for biographies of clearly Polish persons, the Polish name is to be used, and for biographies of clearly German persons, the German name is to be used, always with the first instance referring to the other name Gdansk (Danzig) and Danzig (Gdansk).

Some voters expressed an explicit preference for Polish-only names if the location reference is limited to after 1945, citing for example the List of cities in Poland, List of airports in Poland, etc. This, however, did not receive majority support, with a smaller number of voters explicitly opposing this limitation. In any case, the cross-naming does not need to be followed at all cost if there is agreement with respect to individual articles, but the vote could still guide decisions in case of a dispute.

Enforcement
The last part of the vote dealt with how the results could be enforced, and the possible protections for users trying to enforce them. Many voters on both sides opposed labeling edits that did not comply with this naming convention as vandalism. However, a majority of participants did support the enforcement proposal.

Underlying this was the question of whether changes that violated the naming guideline, as determined by the poll, could be reverted without subjecting the person reverting to the three-revert rule. In complex edits that involved more than just the naming issue, however, reverting other content would still be seen as a regular revert.

Conclusion
The vote successfully showed that community opinion strongly favors one of the options over the other in most cases. This may help solve a large number of edit wars related to Polish-German topics on Wikipedia, although many disputes are not limited only to the location names. As with all decisions on Wikipedia, the consensus view may change in the future, but until then this vote can hopefully serve as a useful guide to editors dealing with these disputed names.