text:
Talk:Braniff International Airways

Possible Misinformation
In the other facts section, someone mentions that in 2001, Southpark Studios were told not to use Braniff in any other format, and then says this is why it was not included in the South Park movie. All I have to say is that the South Park movie came out in 1999. --Reepnorp 01:39, 11 February 2006 (UTC)

English in the Braniff article
Observe how this reads: "These debts combined with Braniff's sub-par load factors—which were especially intolerable on the expensive-to-run 747s—to produce massive financial shortfalls."

Take out the phrase enclosed in hyphens, which you should be able to do in any sentence written in English, and this reads: "These debts combined with Braniff's sub-par load factors to produce massive financial shortfalls." This is proper English; to be specific, it's a full infinitive.

With your revision, this would read: "These debts combined with Braniff's sub-par load factors produced massive financial shortfalls." This is not proper English, unless the phrase "with Braniff's sub-par load factors" is enclosed with commas; however, if this is done, the punctuation becomes too busy.

It's perhaps a little fancy, but I like how it reads. DiogenesNY 03:51, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Are you reading what you're writing? s/b "...debts (noun) and the "load factors" (noun) produced (verb) shortfalls (direct object); -OR- your original was okay before as "...debts and 'load factors' led to shortfalls". As you said, removing the inserted text between the em dashes makes it easier to construct (and copy edit) Clipper471 04:07, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * As I noted, you're adding an "and" to the sentence that's not in the sentence as written. "To produce" is being used as a full infinitive following the verb "combined".  Your revision makes sense if I had used "and", but I didn't.  My sentence effectively reads "These debts combined to produce"; your sentence effectively reads, "These debts combined produced".  Look again, Mr. Copy Editor. DiogenesNY 04:18, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Ahhh! I was reading it as "the debts /combined with the sub-par load factors/ to produce...", not that the debts actually combined. Perhaps commas would be a good idea. But how do debts "combine"? Clipper471 04:25, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The debts are Factor 1, the sub-par load factors are Factor 2; combined, they lead to the result. As in, "The sunny day combined with the warm temperatures to produce ideal weather for golf." DiogenesNY 04:30, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Your original "these debts combined /with the sub-par load factors/ led to ... shortfalls" is better. Clipper471 04:33, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Okay as is. Seeing it more clearly now. The text that's set off seems to break the flow more than I'm comfortable with since it's so long. Clipper471 04:37, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Oh well...I suppose I'll never win the Pulitzer Prize. 8) DiogenesNY 05:21, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

Splits
these are different legal companies -- related, and should have their own articles —Cliffb 05:55, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

South Park
Why does South Park show a Braniff logo after the end credits? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.6.66.193 (talk) 06:46, 26 April 2007 (UTC).
 * Yes good question, I was wondering as well... does anyone know? Gryffindor  12:02, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

If the two of you would care to READ the article to which you have attached your discussion questions, then you would know. 75.75.91.240 23:53, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, since the words "television" or "TV" never appear anywhere in the article, and there is no indication anywhere in the article that the company shifted from being an airline to a television production company at any point, reading the article as this anonymous user suggests does not help understanding at all. Let's try again:
 * Does anyone know why there is a Braniff logo after the end credits on South Park? (does it appear on any other shows?) LordAmeth (talk) 21:58, 18 September 2008 (UTC)

Where is that?

Fair use rationale for Image:Braniff Logo.JPG
Image:Braniff Logo.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:59, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

end of operation
If i recall correctly, the termination of operations in 1982 was extremely abrupt to the clientèle, leaving travelers stranded at airports with their connecting flights cancelled, "out of the blue". Very unelegant. So if this is of possible interest, one would have to conduct some research to find some reliable sources to quote here. --Jerome Potts (talk) 08:11, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Destinations for a Dead Airline?
Are we really adding a list of destinations for an airline that has been out of service for decades? --AdamRoach (talk) 19:24, 7 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Why not? Notability is timeless. WhisperToMe (talk) 22:48, 24 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Hang on, let me check... yep. :) McA (talk) 21:25, 6 January 2010 (UTC)

Troy Post article needed -
Why is there no wiki article on Troy Post? He was a notable entrepreneur and philanthropist - not to mention a major figure in post WW2 Texas business and finance. I invite Texas readers to get busy on this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Justwanderinby (talk • contribs) 05:17, 27 September 2011 (UTC)

And Texas readers did get busy. Troy Victor PostMmb777e (talk) 02:30, 7 September 2014 (UTC)

Thank you! I've just discovered the new Troy Post article - very good, by the way. It just goes to show you that the Wikipedia community listens and responds! Readers may also be interested in a good article on him in Fortune magazine (mid-60s - sorry, don't know the date).

Copy edits by IP
The recent edits made to the article by IP editors substantially improved the article in terms of making it neutral and concise. Language like "also dedicated a state-of-the-art mid century themed" is hardly the kind of language we aim to use in articles. I have replaced the changes. SmartSE (talk) 23:46, 5 September 2014 (UTC)

 * The issue with these extensive otherwise unexplained deletions made by a single unidentified user employing at least four anon IPs goes far beyond stylistic differences, but that they also removed relevant sourced information, detail and context which materially weakens the article. These problems will be addressed shortly by Mmb777e, a major contributor to it who is both a commercial airline pilot and has forty years experience in studying the history of Braniff. He is doubtless the best qualified WP contributor to undertake that task, and as such his judgement and edits should be given very considerable defference by the rest of the community. Centpacrr (talk) 02:00, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

 * Unlikely he's going to "address" the "problems"-- that would be hard to do. Which may be why he hasn't tried to do it yet.

 * His errors of fact are minor, but his refusal to recognize them shows how little thought is going into his reversions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.164.133.26 (talk) 20:33, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

 * I note with interest, sir or madam, that you have still not explained any of the deletions of detail, context and citations that you have made to this (and other) articles using at least four anon IPs, but also did not even bother to sign your comment above. The Braniff expert editor who will address them is currently busy preparing for the Braniff History and Architecture Conference to be held next week at the carrier's former world headquarters complex at D/FW Airport in Dallas being sponsored by the Braniff Preservation Group, an organization of which he is the founder and President, so he may not be have the time to restore whatever context, detail, and source information that has been removed until after that. Centpacrr (talk) 22:56, September 7, 2014 (UTC)

 * Subsequent note to above: I see that Mmb777e had already changed the material back to the long standing original text before I posted my comment above and did so with the edit note that "This has been reverted back to the original content. This version [the deletions] changed the meanings of nearly every paragraph that a change was made." Based on the demonstrated expertise of this editor, they (and his judgement) should be accorded very considerable defference and left in place. If any other editors still disagree with the restorations to original text, the appropriate procedure is for them to make their case(s) in here first and allow the community to reach consensus on whatever argument they wish to make. Centpacrr (talk) 23:42, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Where was the demonstration of his expertise?

"you have still not explained..."

So far each of us has done the same amount of explaining; now's your chance to lead by example. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.161.85.102 (talk) 16:39, 7 September 2014 (UTC)

 * The demonstration of Mmb777e's expertise and background is available for anyone to see on his user page. Editing anonymously by a single individual using four different IPs and without explaining the basis for any of the deletions, on the other hand, demonstrates nothing to justify the value of those changes. Centpacrr (talk) 16:56, 3 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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History of Braniff International Airways
 Support split - History section should be split. Thoughts? --Jax 0677 (talk) 00:21, 8 September 2019 (UTC)
 *  Comment - The new article should be entitled History of Braniff International Airways. --Jax 0677 (talk) 15:28, 8 September 2019 (UTC)

 *  Comment most of the article is "History" so moving that to another article would not leave much, probably better to move the accidents and incidents to make the article smaller. MilborneOne (talk) 15:38, 8 September 2019 (UTC)
 *  Reply -, a small summary of the history can be left in place. --Jax 0677 (talk) 16:28, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 * OK, as long as it is coherent and discusses the major points in the history which can be expanded in the sub-article. MilborneOne (talk) 19:17, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 *  Reply -, it would be easier to paraphrase an internet site that briefly describes the history, but if you insist, I will trim the sections down one by one like I have started to do. --Jax 0677 (talk) 17:04, 18 September 2019 (UTC)

❌ I'm removing the split tag from the article. The article is smaller than the recommended max size and hasn't grown much in 2½ years (not surprising since the company is a few decades defunct). No need for the split tag. Platonk (talk) 00:38, 2 January 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 11:08, 22 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Halston Braniff Flight Attendant Uniform.jpg

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Braniff International Airways


text:
Bowen Bridge

The Bowen Bridge is a segmental cantilever road bridge crossing the River Derwent in Tasmania, Australia. The bridge serves as a vital transportation link in the state capital of Hobart, facilitating the movement of vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists between the local government areas of Clarence on the eastern shore and Glenorchy on the western shore. The Bowen Bridge links the East Derwent Highway with the Brooker Highway (as Goodwood Road) at Glenorchy, approximately 10 km from the Hobart city centre.

The Bowen Bridge is composed of eight river spans, each measuring 109 m. The end spans are 48 m and 56 m long. It maintains a consistent deck width of 21.4 m, accommodating a 7.42 m divided highway with two lanes each, along with two separated shared-use walkways.

The Bowen Bridge takes its name from British colonist John Bowen, who founded the first European settlement in Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land) at Risdon Cove on the eastern shore. Bowen subsequently moved the colony to the western side of the River Derwent, where the Hobart city centre is located today. Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser revealed the bridge's name at a public ceremony at Dowsings Point on 10 October 1980.

History
Situated approximately halfway between the Tasman Bridge and the Bridgewater Bridge, the Bowen Bridge was constructed to mitigate any future failure of the city's bridges following the Tasman Bridge disaster. The State and Federal Governments established the Joint Committee in November 1975 to oversee the design and construction of a bridge across the River Derwent near Dowsings Point. Maunsell and Partners served as consulting engineers and Leighton-Candac, awarded the contract in 1980, completed the construction.

Design
The foundational design primarily aimed to ensure the river piers could withstand impacts from barges traveling at operating speeds (6 kn) assisted by the current (1 kn). All piers were specifically engineered to endure an impact force of 1600 t at an angle of up to 45 degrees from the pile cap centre line, while other directions could sustain a force of 1000 t. This approach accounted for potential impact from future river barges of up to 5000 t of deadweight tonnage. The underlying philosophy involved creating substantial gravity-based foundation structures capable of generating adequate force to absorb the energy and deform the bows of barges during impact.

The design strategy also allowed for future reinforcement to withstand a force of 2900 t, accommodating potential deadweight tonnage impact of 10000 t. To meet these ship impact criteria, the river pier foundations were constructed as massive reinforced concrete caisson structures, measuring 13.3 m in outer diameter with 1.2 m wall thickness, built from the ground up.

The deepest among the nine piers extended to 48 m below mean sea level. Noteworthy statistics include a total concrete mass of 105000 t, a reinforcing steel mass of 3300 t, and a cumulative length of steel tendons reaching 760 km.

Construction
Leighton Contractors implemented a highly efficient balanced cantilever construction technique, notably avoiding the use of falsework within the river – a pioneering approach in Australia at that time. To streamline the construction process, segments were match cast, enabling the deck to be constructed concurrently with the establishment of substantial foundations. This segmental design facilitated swift assembly of the superstructure. The superstructure itself consists of two individual box girders that were erected side by side and connected by an in situ longitudinal joint. The segments were cast in the sequence of their installation. Subsequent segments were directly cast against preceding adjacent segments, utilising a debonding agent on the adjacent surface to allow for separation.

The bridge cost A$49 million to construct and was officially opened on 23 February 1984 by Prime Minister Bob Hawke.

title: Bowen Bridge


text:
Talk:List of revoked death sentences

Different name?
"List of reversed death sentences" seems an odd turn of phrase; any other suggestions that would embrace exoneration, pardoning or commutation? David Kernow 01:15, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

Kenneth T. Richey Removal
Removed section read:

Ohio

 * Kenneth T. Richey, convicted 1987, overturned by 6th Circuit Court of Appeals 2005
 * Reference Drew, James (Jan 26, 2005). Death penalty and conviction of Briton tossed; blaze killed Columbus Grove girl in 1986. Toledoblade.com, online. 	:Reference Richey vs. Mitchell. No. 01-3477, 2005 (6th Cir. Jan 25, 2005). Retrieved 2005-02-26.

Update:

In November 2005, the United States Supreme Court reversed a lower federal appeals court, reinstated Richey's death sentence and remanded his case back to the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals for further consideration. Therefore, Richey (at present) has not had his death sentence revoked.

In 1987, Kenneth T. Richey was tried in Ohio for aggravated murder committed in the course of a felony. Evidence showed that respondent set fire to the apartment of his neighbor, Hope Collins, in an attempt to kill his ex-girlfriend and her new boyfriend, who were spending the night together in the apartment below. The intended victims escaped unharmed, but Hope Collins’ 2-year-old daughter Cynthia died in the fire. At trial, the State presented evidence of Richey’s intent to kill his ex-girlfriend and her boyfriend, but not of specific intent to kill Cynthia Collins. The State also offered expert forensic evidence to show that the fire had been started deliberately.

Richey did not contest this forensic evidence at trial because his retained arson expert had reported that the State’s evidence conclusively established arson. He was convicted of aggravated felony murder on a theory of transferred intent and sentenced to death.

Richey sought postconviction relief in state court which denied his request for an evidentiary hearing and denied relief on all claims, and the state appellate court affirmed. Then he sought federal habeas relief. The District Court permitted discovery on certain issues, but ultimately denied all of respondent’s claims. The Sixth Circuit reversed, holding that he was entitled to habeas relief on two alternative grounds. First, that transferred intent was not a permissible theory for aggravated felony murder under Ohio law, and that the evidence of direct intent was constitutionally insufficient to support conviction. Second, that the performance of his trial counsel had been constitutionally deficient.

The state was ordered to free him or retry him.

Ohio appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, arguing that the Sixth Circuit ignored a constitutionally valid state law and thus overstepped its authority.

The Ohio Supreme Court’s “explanation of Ohio law was perfectly clear and unambiguous. We have repeatedly held that a state court’s interpretation of state law … binds a federal court sitting in habeas corpus,” the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in November 2005.

It remanded the case to the Sixth Circuit for reconsideration in light of the new instructions.

Marklemagne 15:20, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of revoked death sentences


text:
Battle of Lake Khasan

The Battle of Lake Khasan (29 July – 11 August 1938), also known as the Changkufeng Incident (Хасанские бои, Chinese and Japanese: ; Chinese pinyin: ; Japanese romaji: Chōkohō Jiken) in China and Japan, was an attempted military incursion by Manchukuo, a Japanese puppet state, into the territory claimed and controlled by the Soviet Union. That incursion was founded in the Japanese belief that the Soviet Union had misinterpreted the demarcation of the boundary based on the Treaty of Peking between Imperial Russia and Qing China and the subsequent supplementary agreements on demarcation and tampered with the demarcation markers. Japanese forces occupied the disputed area but withdrew after heavy fighting and a diplomatic settlement.

Background
For most of the first half of the twentieth century, there was considerable tension between the Russian (later Soviet), Chinese, and Japanese governments, along their common borders in what became North East China. The Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) was a railway in northeastern China (Manchuria). It connected China and the Russian Far East. The southern branch of the CER, known in the West as the South Manchuria Railway, became the locus and partial casus belli for the Russo-Japanese War and subsequent incidents, leading to the Second Sino-Japanese War and Soviet–Japanese border conflicts. Larger incidents included the Sino-Soviet conflict of 1929 and the Mukden incident between Japan and China in 1931. The Battle of Lake Khasan was fought between two powers which had long mistrusted each other.

In the period before the battle, a series of purges left the Soviet army with many positions filled by inexperienced officers who feared to take the initiative. In July 1938 alone, four and a half times as many people were purged from the Far Eastern Front (the Soviet command in the region) as in the previous twelve months. This in combination with lack of infrastructure, the overburdening of the front's commander, Marshal Vasily Blyukher (or Blücher), shortage of equipment, and poor organization led to the Front being in poor shape.

The confrontation was triggered in July 1938, when Far Eastern Front and Soviet State Security (NKVD) Border Guard troops reinforced the Khasan border with Manchuria. This was prompted in part by the defection one month before (13 June) of Soviet General G. S. Lyushkov, in charge of all NKVD forces in the Soviet Far East at Hunchun, in the Tumen River area. He provided the Japanese with intelligence on the poor state of Soviet Far Eastern forces and the purge of army officers.

Build-up
On 6 July 1938, the Japanese Kwantung Army decoded a message sent by the Soviet commander in the Posyet region to Soviet headquarters in Khabarovsk. The message recommended that Soviet soldiers be allowed to secure unoccupied high ground west of Lake Khasan, most notably the disputed Changkufeng Heights, because it would be advantageous for the Soviets to occupy terrain which overlooked the Korean port-city of Rajin, as well as strategic railways linking Korea to Manchuria. In the next two weeks, small groups of Soviet border troops moved into the area and began fortifying the mountain with emplacements, observation trenches, entanglements and communication facilities.

On July 7, from Posyet where the headquarters of the 59th border detachment was located, a request was made to allow the capture of the height, which was actually already occupied: the first deputy people's commissar of internal affairs of the USSR, Mikhail Frinovsky, needed to file a document coming from his subordinates to the superior command. According to commander Grigory Shtern, on July 8, "by decision of the commander of the 59th border guard detachment, the height was occupied and one heavy machine gun was set up." There can be no question of any initiative by the head of the border detachment: the order was personally given by Frinovsky but this was done orally. In writing, everything was formalized as a request from Colonel Grebennik who wrote that "The Japanese are preparing to capture the height with a horizontal mark of 100, they are laying a telephone line, they have reached the western slopes of this height ... They can preempt the capture" Colonel Fedotov's order immediately followed: to guard the height with a permanent outfit. And already by order of the head of the Posietsky border detachment, the Zaozernaya Hill was first captured by a permanent detachment (10 people), and then a reserve outpost approached with another 30 fighters. On the night of July 8-9, 1938, the Soviet border guards, following the order of the command, began to install barbed wire and dig trenches.

On July 10, 1938, the deputy head of the Posyetsky border detachment, Major Alexander Alekseev, reported to the military headquarters in Khabarovsk that The height is engaged in a reserve outpost, in addition to the outposts Podgornaya and Pakshekori. The conflict started on 15 July, when the Japanese attaché in Moscow demanded the removal of Soviet border troops from the Bezymyannaya (сопка Безымянная, Chinese name: Shācǎofēng = 沙草峰) and Zaozyornaya (сопка Заозёрная, Chinese name: Zhāng Gǔfēng = 张鼓峰 (Changkufeng)) Hills to the west of Lake Khasan in the south of Primorye not far from Vladivostok, claiming this territory by the Soviet–Korea border. The Soviets were performing trench works and built rock heaps and laid several land mines on slopes of the hill, not only on the Soviet slope of the hill, but also on Manchurian territory. The Japanese embassy protested, demanding that the status quo will be restored, but the Soviet government denied those accusations.

On July 15, Colonel Grebennik reported that the readiness of trench work is 80%, barriers are 50% and that 3 cell trenches have been opened in full profiles, each for one compartment. Meanwhile, Frinovsky’s special group reached the headquarters of the 59th Posyet border detachment, from where they moved to the Zaozernaya hill. The formal pretext for an official of such a high rank (the second person in the NKVD) to go to the very border line is the same “investigation” of Lyushkov’s escape. To accompany this retinue, Lieutenant Vinevitin was assigned as a sniper.

At first, the Japanese Korean Army, which had been assigned to defend the area, disregarded the Soviet advance. However, the Kwantung Army, whose administrative jurisdiction overlapped Zhāng Gǔfēng (Changkufeng), pushed the Korean Army to take more action, because it was suspicious of Soviet intentions. Following this, the Korean Army took the matter to Tokyo, recommending that a formal protest be sent to the Soviet Union.

On July 15, Frinovsky’s retinue, which included Lieutenant Vasily Vinevitin, appeared on the Zaozernaya Hill. Then, as follows from the documents, something completely unexpected happened: on Frinovsky’s orders, several people from his retinue crossed the border line and, entering Manchurian territory, demonstratively began to pretend to be carrying out engineering and earthworks there. The “Japanese-Manchus” noticed this and sent a small group to the site of the violation. Before reaching the border, the gendarmes politely asked the Soviet comrades to stop illegal work on Manchurian territory. Lieutenant Vinevitin, with a well-aimed rifle shot to the head, killed the persistent Japanese on the spot - on the personal order of Frinovsky.

Battle
The Japanese 19th Division along with some Manchukuo units took on the Soviet 39th Rifle Corps under Grigory Shtern (eventually consisting of the 32nd, 39th and 40th Rifle Divisions, the 2nd Mechanised Brigade and two tank battalions). One of the Japanese Army Commanders at the battle was Colonel Kotoku Sato, the commander of the 75th Infantry Regiment. Lieutenant General Suetaka Kamezo gave Sato an order: "You are to mete out a firm and thorough counterattack without fail, once you gather that the enemy is advancing even in the slightest". The hidden meaning of this was that Sato had been ordered to expel the Soviets from Changkufeng.

On 31 July, Sato's regiment launched a night sortie on the fortified hill. In the Changkufeng sector, 1,114 Japanese engaged a Soviet garrison of 300, eliminating them and knocking out 10 tanks, with casualties of 34 killed and 99 wounded. In the Shachofeng sector, 379 Japanese surprised and routed another 300 Soviet troops, while knocking out seven tanks, for 11 killed and 34 wounded. Thousands more Japanese soldiers from the 19th Division arrived, dug in, and requested reinforcements. High Command rejected the request, as they knew General Suetaka would use these forces to assault vulnerable Soviet positions, escalating the incident. Japanese troops defended the disputed area. In 1933, the Japanese had designed and built a "Rinji Soko Ressha" (Special Armoured Train). The train was deployed at "2nd Armoured Train Unit" in Manchuria and participated in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Changkufeng conflict against the Soviets, transporting thousands of Japanese troops to and from the battlefield, displaying to the West the capability of an Asian nation to implement western ideas and doctrine concerning rapid infantry deployment and transport.

On 31 July, People's Commissar for Defence Kliment Voroshilov ordered combat readiness for 1st Coastal Army and the Pacific Fleet. The Soviets gathered 354 tanks and assault guns at Lake Khasan, including 257 T-26 tanks (with 10 KhT-26 flame-throwing tanks), three ST-26 bridge-laying tanks, 81 BT-7 light tanks and 13 SU-5-2 self-propelled guns. The chief of the Far East Front, Vasily Blücher, arrived at the front line on 2 August 1938. Under his command, additional forces were moved up and from August 2–9, the Japanese forces at Changkufeng were attacked. Such was the disparity of forces that one Japanese artillery commander observed that the Soviets fired more shells in one day than the Japanese did in the two-week affair. Despite this, the Japanese defenders organized an anti-tank defense, with disastrous results for the poorly coordinated Soviets, whose attacks were defeated with many casualties. Thousands of Soviet troops were killed or wounded and at least 46 (or 45 unoperational because of gun fire and getting stuck in the marshes or damaged or 80 of which 24 completely destroyed ) tanks were knocked out, with another 39 damaged to varying degrees.

After the Japanese pushed the Soviet border security unit, later reinforced by the 40th Rifle Division, from the hill and other positions the Japanese dug in while the Soviets reinforced their troops. Unlike the Japanese the Soviets didn't have a railway close to the battlefield, but instead a single unpaved road so when Soviet reinforcements got to the battlefield the Japanese were already well entrenched. The Soviets had attacked Japanese positions by air during the preparations for a ground attack. On the morning before the Soviet attack, 13 Soviet aircraft attacked the hill and 12 the rear of the Japanese forces, even though this isn't documented by all sources. This was followed by an attack of three Soviet infantry regiments, but this attack didn't have artillery or air support, either because of poor preparations or in the case of air support possibly fog. Some sources, however, do claim that two artillery batteries supported the attack. The attack was supported by a tank regiment but regardless it soon stalled. This was largely due to the low preparedness of the Soviet troops. Some of the artillery was not ready, little was known of the Japanese dispositions, communications had not fully been set up and the left wing was not ready to start the attack at the appointed time. Despite the poor state of the Soviet force and the knowledge that the enemy was well entrenched the attack was ordered to go ahead. The tank crews had not been prepared for the hostile terrain so they weren't able to keep up the momentum. During the attack a number of commanders including the commander of the 40th rifle division's tank battalion abandoned their troops.

On August 6 the Soviets renewed their attack. First multiple waves of bombers attacked the Japanese positions. This attack was delayed either because of fog or poor preparations. After the bombers an assault by tanks and infantry, including mechanized troops, supported by artillery was made. In the difficult terrain the tanks suffered heavy losses, only individual tanks made it to their objectives, all of which were destroyed or retreated later. During the attack an outflanking movement was made. The Soviets pushed back the Japanese after heavy fighting, the subsequent days the Japanese counterattacked but were unable to recapture their positions.

The Japanese were pushed back by the Soviet attacks but were still on the battlefield. Despite not being forced off the battlefield, it was clear that the local Japanese units would not be able to keep Changkufeng without widening the conflict. On 10 August, Japanese ambassador Mamoru Shigemitsu asked for peace. Satisfied that the incident had been brought to an "honourable" conclusion, on 11 August 1938, at 13:30 local time the Japanese stopped fighting and Soviet forces reoccupied the heights.

Consequences
More than 6,500 Soviet officers and soldiers were awarded the orders, decorations, and medals of the Soviet Union; 26 of them were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, and 95 were awarded the Order of Lenin.

Soviet losses totalled 792 killed or missing and 3,279 wounded or sick, according to their records and the Japanese claimed to have destroyed or immobilized 96 enemy tanks and 30 guns. Soviet armoured losses were significant, with dozens of tanks being knocked out or destroyed and hundreds of "tank troops" becoming casualties. Japanese casualties, as revealed by secret Army General Staff statistics, were 1,439 casualties (526 killed or missing, 913 wounded); the Soviets claimed Japanese losses of 3,100, with 600 killed and 2,500 wounded. The Soviets concluded that this was because of poor communications infrastructure and roads as well as the loss of unit coherence due to poor organization, headquarters and commanders and a lack of combat supply units. The faults in the Soviet army and leadership at Khasan were blamed on the incompetence of Blyukher. In addition to leading the troops into action at Khasan, Blyukher was also supposed to oversee the trans-Baikal military district's and the far eastern fronts move to combat readiness using an administrative apparatus that delivered army group, army and corps level instructions to the 40th Rifle Division by accident. On 22 October, he was arrested by the NKVD and is thought to have been tortured to death.

The Japanese military, while seriously analyzing the results of the battle, engaged with the Soviets once more, with disastrous results, in the more extensive Battles of Khalkhin Gol (Nomonhan) in 1939. This second engagement resulted in the defeat of the Japanese Sixth Army. After World War II, at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in 1946, 13 high-ranking Japanese officials were charged with crimes against peace for their roles in initiating hostilities at Lake Khasan.

title: Battle of Lake Khasan


text:
Dawson Highway

The Dawson Highway is a state highway in Queensland, Australia. It runs for 405 km between Gladstone and Springsure where it terminates. From Gladstone to Rolleston it is signed as State Route 60, and then A7 onwards to Springsure. It continues west for another 247 km as Dawson Developmental Road to Tambo on the Landsborough Highway. North of Springsure, A7 becomes the Gregory Highway.

Many of the towns along the Dawson Highway are coal-mining establishments.

State-controlled road
Dawson Highway is a state-controlled regional road, a small part of which is rated as "state-strategic". It is defined in four sections, as follows:
 * Number 46A, Gladstone to Biloela.
 * Number 46B, Biloela to Banana.
 * Number 46C, Banana to Rolleston.
 * Number 46D, Rolleston to Springsure, part state-strategic.

List of towns along the Dawson Highway

 * Gladstone (Gladstone Region)
 * Gladstone Central
 * West Gladstone
 * New Auckland
 * Clinton
 * Calliope
 * Biloela (Shire of Banana)
 * Banana
 * Moura
 * Bauhinia (Central Highlands Region)
 * Rolleston
 * Springsure

Intersecting state-controlled roads
In addition to the Bruce, Burnett, Leichhardt, Carnarvon and Gregory Highways, and the Fitzroy and Dawson Developmental Roads, the following state-controlled roads, from east to west, intersect with the Dawson Highway:
 * Gladstone–Mount Larcom Road
 * Gladstone–Benaraby Road
 * Gladstone–Monto Road
 * Biloela–Callide Road
 * Blackwater–Rolleston Road
 * Orion Ten Chain Road

Biloela–Callide Road
Biloela–Callide Road is a state-controlled district road (number 472), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It runs from the Dawson Highway in to the Callide Dam in Mount Murchison, a distance of 11.8 km. It does not intersect with any other state-controlled roads.

Blackwater–Rolleston Road
Blackwater–Rolleston Road is a state-controlled district road (number 469), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It runs from the Dawson Highway in to the Capricorn Highway in, a distance of 120 km. It does not intersect with any other state-controlled roads.

Orion Ten Chain Road
Orion Ten Chain Road is a state-controlled district road (number 4603), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It runs from the Dawson Highway in to Karingal Homestead in Orion, a distance of 19.3 km. It does not intersect with any other state-controlled roads.

Replace bridges
The existing timber bridges on the Dawson Highway were subject to regular closures due to flooding. The $40 million replacement of 5 timber bridges project was completed in April 2018. The timber bridges were replaced with concrete structures to increase freight efficiency and flood immunity along the Dawson Highway. The new bridges were constructed at; Nine Mile Creek, Catfish Creek, Sheep Station Creek, Maxwelton Creek and Doubtful Creek.

Replace bridge near Tambo
A project to replace a timber bridge over the Barcoo River immediately north of Tambo, at a cost of $7 million, was expected to complete in mid-2022.

Replace Roundstone Creek bridge
A project to replace the Roundstone Creek bridge, at a cost of $12 million, was expected to complete in early 2022.

Strengthen bridges and improve pavement
A project to strengthen 5 bridges and to widen and rehabilitate 3 km of paving, at a cost of $14.2 million, was expected to complete in June 2022 (the pavement component was completed in January 2021)

Design cycle facilities
A project to design cycle facilities for Glenlyon Street to Harvey Road in Gladstone, at a cost of $2.05 million, was to complete in December 2021.

Roads of Strategic Importance Upgrades
The Roads of Strategic Importance initiative, last updated in March 2022, includes the following projects for the Dawson Highway.

Corridor upgrade
A lead project to upgrade the Townsville to Roma corridor, including sections of the Gregory, Carnarvon and Dawson Highways and surrounding state and council roads, at an estimated cost of $125 million, commenced construction of some work projects in 2020. Planning continues for other projects.

Pavement strengthening and widening
A project to strengthen and widen sections of pavement between Banana and Rolleston at a cost of $6 million was completed in December 2020. This project was targeted for "early works" by the Queensland Government.

Roundstone Creek bridge overflow upgrade
A project to upgrade the Roundstone Creek bridge overflow at a cost of $6 million is due for completion in mid-2022. This project is targeted for "early works" by the Queensland Government.

Biloela heavy vehicle bypass
A project to construct a heavy vehicle bypass of Biloela for the Dawson Highway at a cost of $2.7 million is due for completion in late 2022.

Progressive sealing and new bridge
A project to upgrade and seal sections of the Dawson Developmental Road, and to build a new bridge over the Barcoo River, at a cost of $57 million is expected to finish in mid-2023. This project was targeted for "early works" by the Queensland Government, and has been split into two packages.

Proposals
The Queensland Inland Freight Route is a proposal to upgrade the existing highways from to. This would involve significant upgrades to the Dawson Highway between Springsure and Rolleston.

title: Dawson Highway


text:
Talk:Augusta National Golf Club

Conservative viewpoint
Okay, okay, this article is young and uncomprehensive. But the first thing a conservative will see lacking is any mention of the saturation coverage of Augusta National's policy towards women members by the New York Times, which has become a canonical example of its Liberal media bias.

 * If you'd like to add a section to the article about its controversial membership policy, of course feel free. My mention of the commercial-free broadcast of The Masters was added specifically to touch on the subject.  I'd suggest, however, that it should be focused more on the golf club itself and less on liberal media bias.  Dmleach 15:08, 27 May 2005 (UTC)

I agree, if for no other reason than Martha Burke's protest turned out to be one of the most ineffectual in history.--Buckboard 11:32, 7 June 2006 (UTC) " and barred black golfers from the Masters Tournament until Lee Elder participated in 1975. " - Wow, this is horribly wrong. While all participants in the Masters are invited, they have to qualify first. No black man was 'barred' that had qualified first.

Hello: I am new to this edit. However, I hope by adding the policy towards blacks and women, I did not step out of line. While Augusta is a magnificent club, it seems to have a cloud of exclusion over it. wcg

Does anyone know if Augusta National membership is open to people of Jewish faith? 12.36.128.73 (talk) 19:33, 3 April 2009 (UTC) Otis P. Nixon

The additional commentary on the 2010 Chairman's Press Conference about "The rest of the world, shortly afterwards, agreed that this moral judgement towards Tiger Woods, re-affirmed the Augusta National Golf Club as the most racist and bigoted institution in sport." should be removed. The linked sports editorial contains nothing about the "moral judgement towards Tiger Woods". BaronVonHawkeye 11 April 2010. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.20.191.159 (talk) 18:58, 11 April 2010 (UTC)

The current sentence stating that Augusta refused to admit black members until 1990 is quite a liberal interpretation of the source to which that information is attributed. The original article states only that the first black member was admitted in 1990, and provides no evidence of any club policy against admitting black members prior to that time.

Holes
As we have the names of each hole, could someone make a chart giving the par and approximate yardage for each? I think it would add to the article. -R. fiend 15:34, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

We need a scorecard template.--Buckboard 11:39, 7 June 2006 (UTC)

Does anybody know if Augusta National has any Jewish members? 12.36.128.73 (talk) 19:32, 3 April 2009 (UTC)Otis P. Nixon

In answer to your question, Otis...yes, the Augusta National has several Jewish members. I grew up close to Augusta and lived there for many years, and was occasionally able to borrow tickets from one of the Jewish members because I went to school with one of his daughters. The membership at Augusta National consists of people in two main categories: Long-time businessmen (especially from the east Georgia and west South Carolina areas), whose parents/grandparents joined the club during the first few years of its existence. (Up until the late 1940's it was not as exclusive, nor as pretigious...though the association with Bobby Jones was a big attraction.) Most of the Jewish members are this type, who own and run area businesses started by their fathers and grandfathers, who helped build the club into what it is today. And the other main group of members are the wealthy and important people who first started joining when President Eisenhower became a regular at the club. After that, the membership became rather exclusive and prestigious, and soon there was a large group of members who were invited to join because they were Board Chairmen or CEO's of some of the largest companies in the country. A few more of the Jewish members are in that category, CEO's of large international corporations. There are also a few members who were invited to join because of their connection with sports in the area. It's no secret that both Lou Holtz and Steve Spurrier are members of the club. They were both invited to join because they were head football coach at the University of South Carolina, just 60 miles up the road in Columbia, SC. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.71.87.122 (talk) 19:57, 5 April 2012 (UTC)

Eisenhower tree
Thank you so much, anonymous user! I've read from a few sources that Roberts immediately adjourned the meeting after Ike's request, but never why. I'm glad someone that understood what happened took the time to add that clarification (12/14/05 revision). --Dmleach 23:12, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

Amen Corner
I've pasted in the content of a stub about Amen Corner, but it was inconsistent with this article, so I have requested citations for both theories. Scranchuse 15:36, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

More pictures would make this page much better

Membership section and POV
"By 2009, no woman had been admitted to Augusta National, and the International Olympic Committee, upon considering golf as an Olympic sport in 2016, re-examed whether the sport itself fits the goal of a "sport practiced without discrimination with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play."

The above quote has nothing to do with the Augusta National Golf Club or its membership convroversy, and should be deleted.

"The club has women on its membership waiting list, but will not allow them to circumvent the regular membership process to appease those outside the club."

As has been documented in Golf Digest, Curt Samson's book The Masters and other places, ANGC has no waiting list. membseship is by invitation only. this should be deleted.

This is always going the most contentious section of the article. For my part, I don't have a strong opinion on whether or not the club should admit women. I think it's sad that they don't, but I think it's their right not to. I say this now because I don't want anyone to think I'm pulling out POV speech because I disagree with it.

I removed the following text from the section because there are no references. If anyone can find citations to back it up, feel free to add it back with the reference:
 * "(a very low number considering both the unmatched quality of the golf course and the vast wealth of many of the club's members)." A good reference would be the membership fees for other, similarly prestigious and well-known country clubs.  At any rate "unmatched quality" and "vast wealth" have no place in the article.
 * "The present chairman of the Club, William "Billy" Payne, has maintained the position that the club is private and holds the right to determine who the members are with no regard to sex, creed, or race of a prospective member of the club." In fact, I found just the opposite; Payne is taking the "high road" approach every chairman other than Hootie Johnson took and is saying nothing.  If you can find a real quote, add it back with a reference.

I removed the following text from the section because it's POV:
 * "...non-policy policy against..." Replaced with "lack of female membership"
 * "...led to a huge public row..." Replaced with "received national attention"
 * "...the little-known [NCWO]..." Removed, no reason to have it
 * "The club's official reply, from then-chairman Hootie Johnson, was that the club would not be told how to run its own affairs by an outsider, especially not "at the point of a bayonet."" Seems more relevant to an article about Hootie Johnson and how he handled the protests.  This is the one edit I'm willing to admit I may have swung too far the other way on.
 * "As the controversy has died down, commercials resumed in 2005 with sponsorship by ExxonMobil, IBM and AT&T." Removed, it's minutia

--Dmleach 14:01, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Amen Corner and non-encyclopedic text
I removed the following text from the Amen Corner section:

Amen Corner is legendary amongst golfing enthusiasts, both amateur and professional alike. The scenic view of blooming azaleas during Augusta National's hosting of The PGA Masters Tournament each spring in early April has become ceremonial rite for ladies and gentleman to include in business, social, educational, civic, community and even religious interactions. During the 2006 televised broadcast of 'The Masters', simultaneous live webcasting was available which  seamlessly and prodigiously linked past and present, tradition and technology, grace and honor. The privacy of any golf club or golfing community is likened to the privacy of prayer, a sacred communion between earthly humanity and divine inspiration. Augusuta's 'Amen Corner' may have been inked by a sports writer; but in golf as in life The Amen Corner has deep roots in the tried and true hearts of fervent worshipers who have served, survived, sacrificed in steadfast faith and hope through generations in America. Although G.O.L.F. at one time demurely denoted Gentleman Only Ladies Forbidden, today all golfers who have experienced AUGUSTA'S AMEN CORNER know without doubt that G.O.L.F. confidently connotes God Our Loving Father. Amen Corner is not only legendary, it is eternal. It's a lovely essay, and I'd encourage the user to place it on his or her personal page, but it really doesn't have any place in an encyclopedic article. --Dmleach 17:04, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I re-removed it. It had come back in this form:

Amen Corner is legendary amongst golfing enthusiasts, both amateur and professional alike. During the 2006 Masters tournament there was live internet coverage from 'Amen Corner' via webcamera and webcasting. The scenic view of blooming azaleas during The PGA Masters Golf Tournament each April is ceremonial rite for gentleman and ladies. Now with broadcasting and webcasting, a wider audience has opportunity to enjoy both the game and sport of golf, along with the history and traditions of golf. The privacy of any sports club or golfing community is likened to the privacy of prayer--a sacred communion between humanity and divinity. Augusta National's 'Amen Corner' is a divinely inspired and impeccably tended sanctuary. Like so many other national cornerstones, the amen corner is a deeply rooted American passage. At one time G.O.L.F. may have exclusively denoted Gentleman Only Ladies Forbidden, however, each individual who has experienced AUGUSTA'S AMEN CORNER knows that G.O.L.F. humbly harkens God Our Loving Father. In the words of the legendary Texas gentleman and golfer, Lord Byron Nelson, "Amen Corner is like heaven here on earth."
 * Agreed with the above reasoning, it doesn't belong in the article. Carl Lindberg 17:22, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

Faldo/Wogan incident
Might be worth adding that the club took action against Nick Faldo after he let British chat show hoast Terry Wogan try on his green jacket. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Djarra (talk • contribs) 15:00, 9 April 2007 (UTC).

Membership fees
An anonymous editor (maybe correctly) changed the fees from $250,000 to $500,000 to $25,000 to $50,000. The former seems ridiculous, but I'll leave it to someone else to determine which is correct. - Dudesleeper Talk  15:47, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

Need Sources tags
These tags are a bit gratuitous given the secrecy of the Augusta National. Membership lists, initiation fees and so on are generally not disclosed by the club and so remain educated or secondhand speculation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hughespj (talk • contribs) 16:26, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The site looks pretty well sourced at this point. Unless anyone objects, I'll remove the "needs sources" hatnote. PRRfan (talk) 21:09, 24 April 2019 (UTC)

Access to Crow's Nest
One part of Crow's Nest section says it can be reached only by ladder, and another says it can be reached by a narrow flight of stairs. I deleted both since they contradict each other.--NCDane (talk) 21:49, 31 March 2010 (UTC)

Copyright Controversy
There's no mention of the legal controversies as the National tried to copyright the phrases "Home of the Masters" and even the words "Augusta" and "Golf," successfully retaining only the phrase "Home of the Masters." There's quite a bit of reliable media information sources about this. Much like the Martha Burk controversy, it was a pretty notable event in the history of the club and the tournament, especially in the context of the Augusta area where it is still a somewhat sensitive topic. 205.219.133.1 (talk) 02:57, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

???
does anyone know who this hole is named after?? its homework.?? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 166.102.178.145 (talk) 01:29, 19 April 2010 (UTC)
 * This belongs at the reference desk. Anyway, this article is about an entire course, not a hole. If you're talking about the name of the course, that's is the city it's in. If you happen to be talking about the famous Rae's Creek, it's named after former property owner John Rae.  B zw ee bl  (talk • contribs) 22:25, 21 August 2012 (UTC)

Appearances in video games
This course is also present in Tiger Woods PGA Tour 13. It should be added to the article. I'm not familiar with this language version of Wikipedia, so I write it here. If it hasn't been added in a few days, I will do my best to add it myself. 85.224.184.123 (talk) 13:19, 14 September 2012 (UTC)

Culture
The article says: "Augusta National Golf Club is known to be a socially traditional institution." Could someone knowledgeable and objective flesh out this section? What does "socially traditional" mean in this context? (Is it just a reference to attire? Is it being implied that Augusta National is in some respects today 'more traditional' than most golf clubs?)  An example or two would be helpful. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:301:77DA:6210:E0DE:ACC6:F697:4AE (talk) 00:10, 18 September 2016 (UTC)

Augusta National Construction
The Thompson Cabin and the Firestone Cabins were built by Garren Construction Co.. A local residential home building company specializing in high end custom homes in and around Augusta, Ga. The company consisted of two brothers, Jimmy Garren and J. Kearns Garren. They also remodeled several of the other existing cabins over a period of years. They also added second story covered porches on the famed Eisenhower and Butler cabins. They constructed the scoring entrance into the lower floor of the clubhouse also. 2601:100:8180:4D50:A025:5038:675:C21D (talk) 22:44, 27 September 2022 (UTC)

Bad Map
Someone needs to fix the map on the article page. The current map shows the club being Western North Carolina, and not in Augusta Georgia where it is.

title: Talk:Augusta National Golf Club


text:
Talk:1924 Democratic National Convention

"Klanbake" meme
Okay, since the false story of the "Klanbake" has been perpetuated far and wide in the last decade, I gave the issue its own section, linked to Mendelsohn and Shulman's well-researched article debunking this. 11 Arlington (talk)

There is no evidence that this is a false story. The evidence cited in the linked Washington Post article states that "there is no evidence of this phrase appearing elsewhere besides this article", which is simply an attempt at downplaying the author's eyewitness testimony of the 1924 event. Furthermore, encyclopedias (such as this website) are not intended for the purpose of debunking memes. Leave that to op-ed pieces from a news site. This section should be removed, as it is expressly partisan commentary about the reaction to the 1924 convention and not a strictly fact-based description of the convention. Apercuwanderer (talk) 06:23, 7 September 2018 (UTC)

 * Yet the article clearly states, "The term "Klanbake" appears to have originated in a dispatch by a New York Daily News reporter referring sardonically to the discovery of the KKK presence at the 1924 DNC convention." So, there WAS a KKK presence at the 1924 DNC convention, just as my grandfather confirmed in the July 12, 1924 entry in his diary.  He was 22 years old, just finished his first year in college, and was thinking of going into politics.  Although he was a Democrat, he was never racist, and was troubled by the serious racism present at the Convention, including the presence of the KKK.  He remained a Democrat throughout his very long life, but decided to instead pursue a different career, first as a carpenter, then as a salesman, for the rest of his very long life.  He died at age 96.Clepsydrae (talk) 22:43, 12 October 2018 (UTC)
 * I, too, agree there is no evidence the "Klanbake meme" is a "false story." Furthermore, I find Mendelsohn and Shulman's "well-researched article" to be "well-structured propaganda."  They certainly failed to read my grandfather's and other eyewitness accounts of it.  Finally, I concur that Wikipedia is not the place to report someone's opinion that it's a member, but rather, report solid, historical fact.  Lacking any evidence that Mendelsohn and Shulman did not create a propaganda piece contrary to known eyewitness accounts of the KKK aspect of the 1924 DNC, I move that the attempt to debunk the Klanbake meme be speedily deleted.Clepsydrae (talk) 22:43, 12 October 2018 (UTC)

Undefined term: "unit rule"
What is the "unit rule," mentioned in the description of the second day of balloting? Does it require all of a State's delegates to vote as a unit? That should be clarified.

 * The "unit rule" required state delegations to vote amongst themselves and then cast their full complement of votes for the majority choice en bloc. Carrite (talk) 07:31, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

Expansion / Klanbake article
Why isn't Klanbake merged into this article? I think that makes more sense than its expansion. Fearwig 07:19, 25 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support The Klanbake concept is a nickname for one aspect of the 1924 convention. There seems to be no justification or benefit to have it as a separate article. Alansohn (talk) 11:51, 14 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Support

Pathsetted
What does "pathsetted" mean? I've never even heard the word. --Hamiltonian 12:15, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

Wholesale copied materials being used without citations
I don't know much about adding citations, but the sections of text that discuss the various ballot results ("First ballot, fifteenth ballot", etc.) are copied word for word from: David Burner, The Politics of Provincialism: The Democratic Party in Transition, 1918 – 1932. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1968, pages 120 - 124. Definitely NOT original research; more like plagiarism!

Also, the link to reference #1 does not work anymore.

Jason76.187.176.248 (talk) 04:30, 2 July 2016 (UTC)

Inaccuracies highlighted in news article
This article made the Washington Post today. See here. Seems like this should be thoroughly researched and addressed. Rikster2 (talk) 15:00, 15 March 2018 (UTC)

 * I agree. I'll try to work on this article when I have time, unless someone else gets to it first.  I'll revise the content to make it more accurate, come up with more references, and add explanations of the two-thirds rule and the unit rule.

 * Billmckern (talk) 16:48, 15 March 2018 (UTC)

KKK march in New Jersey
According to this source the KKK set up shop in Long Branch, NJ, in 1924 and put on extensive Independence Day celebrations, including a parade. I’m still looking for the day the vote in question took place; if it was the convention’s final vote – as stated in Underwood’s Wikipedia article – the vote would have taken place five days after the KKK march. From the source: ''The Klan bought Elkwood Park (the site of the present Monmouth Park racetrack), putting Bell in charge of the Elkwood Park Association. This became the site of their Independence Day festivities with a tri-state Konklave that included Klansmen from Delaware and Pennsylvania. This event included minstrel shows, beauty pageants, fireworks displays, and sporting events. More than 15,000 Klansmen marched for four hours from Broadway in Long Branch to Elkwood Park in full hooded regalia during their Fourth of July parade. It was the biggest Klan march to date.'' Space4Time3Continuum2x (talk) 18:28, 15 March 2018 (UTC) Space4Time3Continuum2x (talk) 18:53, 15 March 2018 (UTC) Kudos to you for the research - I have seen a few mentions of a "tri-state Konclave" held in New Jersey on July 4 1924. Not at all clear that it was organized to celebrate the failure of the anti-Klan resolution; in fact, I doubt it. If you browse old newspapers from this period, KKK celebrations of Independence Day were frequently mentioned around the country, particularly in Indiana. 11 Arlington (talk) 03:58, 18 March 2018 (UTC)

Narrow defeat of anti-KKK platform
Haven't found a source for the numbers "542.85 in favor, 546.15 against" (doesn't seem that narrow to me). According to Underwood’s Wikipedia article, it was "542 3/20 to 541 3/20". Space4Time3Continuum2x (talk) 18:52, 15 March 2018 (UTC)

Republican states
For example, Indiana was controlled top to bottom by the KKK at this time. Partisans don't want to admit that the Republican Party could do bad things? Paul Benjamin Austin (talk) 16:59, 9 November 2018 (UTC)

Nix the Klanbake spin or I will
Here are three sources that accurately describe and connect the 1924 DNC to the Klan and this picture:

http://armored-column.com/the-democratic-klanbake-1924/

https://thefederalistpapers.org/us/the-1924-klanbake-dem-convention-sheds-light-on-democratic-party-history

And here is just some additional history on the DNC. This party has a long and inseparable relationship with the KKK.

https://spectator.org/34882_dncs-bold-lies/

The fact is that your claim the Klanbake meme was made up is completely off base. You only used one source to corroborate your story, and it is a source that was exposed in 2016 for having a partisan bias. I also suspect many of you have a partisan bias as well. I'm looking at you, the person who claimed the KKK controlled Indiana but did not bother providing a source to corroborate that. In any case, I already sent all this into to the info@ email, and I let them know that in 6 weeks I will come back and delete the entire Klanbake section unless it is corrected or at least one reliable and impartial source is put up. And don't bother blocking my IP, I will just use an onion router or library computers and delete the section again and again if I need to on a rotating 2-month basis. Either way, I am just not going to let you guys slide with partisan spin attempts to cover up the ugly aspects of this event. I am a journalist by trade, it sickens me to see power hungry partisan wannabes try to spin the conversation the way they want rather than pointing it to the truth. I mean if you are a part of the Democratic Party and you're suddenly uncomfortable about being a part of the party of the Klan, that is your problem. Go register as a green in that case rather than whitewashing history on the internet.

P.S. Here is one super special additional source. If you wanna attack the claim you are SOL. This is a .edu, IE a educational institution approved this entry and found it to be factual.

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3393

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.244.196.147 (talk) 03:40, 1 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Making demand and threats, coupled with posting obviously politically biased sources is not going to accomplish anything. If you want to discuss this and provide sources that pass WP:RS that would be helpful. As for threatening to disrupt the article, that can be stopped fairly quickly. It takes no more than three mouse clicks to protect the article from being edited by anonymous and newly registered users. I hope that will not be necessary. We can always use people who want to help build an encyclopedia. But that requires checking some of our personal prejudices at the door and being able to work with others in a collaborative manner. Best regards... -Ad Orientem (talk) 03:41, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * , The disruptive Republican Party editor has stated above that they will disrupt the article on "a 2-month rotating basis"- in other words, they will vandalize the article, an admin will revert and protect, the protection is lifted as our guard is lowered, and the Republican Party editor returns to vandalize again and again. Something serious has to been done pre-emptively NOW in order to protect the article from what appears to be extremist conservatives. Paul Benjamin Austin (talk) 07:43, 12 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Calm down. We don't protect pages preemptively. There is nothing this editor can do that can't be reversed with a couple of clicks and if necessary protection can be applied on a long term basis. Name calling is also unhelpful. All in all the best way to deal with people who stamp their feet and demand attention is to ignore them until/unless they actually behave disruptively. This editor has been warned. For now that's enough. -Ad Orientem (talk) 15:03, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * With regards to your super special bonus website, the statement "Newspapers called the convention a "Klanbake," as pro-Klan and anti-Klan delegates wrangled bitterly over the party platform" is 100% wrong. Newspapers.com is now up to 450 million pages in digitized and searchable form. NewspaperS, plural, did not call it that, one New York Daily News columnist used the phrase in a snarky commentary one time and the expression does not pop up again until it was used in an entirely different context by syndicated columnist Louis Sobol in 1937. This is a right wing meme on a par with "Pizzagate." Carrite (talk) 11:07, 12 December 2018 (UTC)
 * To your main point that the Democratic Party was for a century the pro-slavery, right wing, conservative party and the Republican Party from its origins was the free labor, anti-slavery party — on that you are correct. The parties flipped ideologically around the turn of the century when the Republicans became the party of big business and the tariff and the Democrats the party of free silver and the 8-hour day and the organized labor movement. Progressive Republicanism (see: LaFollette, Robert) continued to be a thing into the 1960s. The alternate universe being the Deep South, in which one party, right wing Southern Democratic rule continued until they all changed their shirts in the Ronald Reagan years. Nobody is disputing that. Carrite (talk) 11:21, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * I've dropped the History Department at University of Houston a line asking that they fix the erroneous reference to "Klanbake" on their website. Carrite (talk) 17:33, 12 December 2018 (UTC)
 * I laid out the "Klanbake" situation to the head of the UH history department; he's fairly mortified. Apparently their "Digital History" site was produced by a professor who is no longer with the department and he is not completely sure whether the site belongs to him or the university. It sounds like they will either be removing the offending line or possibly even taking down the site altogether. Carrite (talk) 15:39, 13 December 2018 (UTC)
 * They haven't done either. It still reads Newspapers called the convention a "Klanbake," as pro-Klan and anti-Klan delegates wrangled bitterly over the party platform. So much for mortified. Space4Time3Continuum2x (talk) 17:42, 16 February 2021 (UTC)
 * .......or, rather, so much for university bureaucracy, lack of editorial direction, and uncertain ownership rights to content. Carrite (talk) 20:24, 16 February 2021 (UTC)

Credit where credit is due
Source of the long-lasting 2005 "Klanbake" vandalism on Wikipedia |was was an IP account. Surprise, surprise, surprise! Carrite (talk) 07:40, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * But wait, there's more: the term originated as a snarky aside in a column by Joseph A. Cowan in the New York Daily News (6/25/24, pg. 36). Newspapers.com indicates the term was used exactly one time — in that column — between 1924 and 1930... Nor does the Times Machine indicate that the phrase "klanbake" or "klan-bake" ever appeared in that paper. So much for "also called the Klanbake." Carrite (talk) 07:51, 12 December 2018 (UTC) Last edit: Carrite (talk) 11:12, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

Klanbake meme
There may or may not be enough reliably-sourced material to support a freestanding article called Klanbake meme, but it probably should not be here. The fact that a persistent, tainted version of this article was used the bolster the contemporary meme is interesting and worth reflecting about, but the phrase is anachronistic for this convention, nor is the phrase used widely enough to make it necessary for a subsection here. The fact that the original vandalism happened in 2005 means there is a bigger story to this meme than is being told in the article currently in any event. So add my voice to those wanting to strike the section entirely. Carrite (talk) 11:39, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * You're absolutely right that the 1920s revival of the Ku Klux Klan was definitely active among Republicans as well as Democrats. It appealed to Republicans, who were by and large Protestants and in favor of Prohibition (Drys), because Republicans opposed the growing influence of expanding urban areas, which often meant Catholic and opposed to Prohibition (Wet).  There are numerous sources to prove this.  One of the best is William E. Wilson's 1965 article in American Heritage, "Long, Hot Summer In Indiana".  Wilson details firsthand how his father, also named William E. Wilson, lost election to a second term as a Democratic member of Congress in 1924 after his Republican constituents joined the Klan and turned against him.

 * Author and historian Mark Bushnell has documented that my home state of Vermont, which was the most Republican state in the country from the time the party was founded in the 1850s up until the 1960s, was also a hotbed of Klan activity in the 1920s. And this happened despite Vermont's pride in always having been anti-slavery, and having been very pro-Union during the Civil War.  See March 12, 2017's "Then Again: Klan crosses burned in Vermont, but not for long".

 * It seems to me the idea that some contributors here seem to have -- that they can re-write actual events to suit their political point of view -- does no one any good. I agree with you that they shouldn't be allowed to perpetuate a myth.

 * Billmckern (talk) 11:48, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * Yes, the Second KKK of the 1920s was big in both Republican and Democratic states, including erstwhile Progressive Republican Oregon, where I live. One legislator with Klan ties, Kaspar K. Kubli was particularly beloved by the Invisible Empire for his initials. The comment above that the KKK basically ran the show in Indiana for a couple years is also more or less on the mark. It wasn't just a Southern thing or just a Democratic thing in the early 1920s. Carrite (talk) 16:05, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

 * Also, a mea culpa: I see from the history that I touched this article briefly in 2013 but didn't catch the howler in the lead. I'm not alone in that respect, obviously, but it doesn't change the fact that I messed up by not calling bullshit when bullshit needed to be called. Carrite (talk) 16:19, 12 December 2018 (UTC)

Coyne?
William Coyne is mentioned as a candidate both in the alphabetical list and the balloting lists, but the name links to a different American politician, also named William Coyne, who served from 1981 to 2003. Who is the William Coyne who should be mentioned here? Does he even have a Wikipedia page? Vavent (talk) 22:29, 16 June 2020 (UTC)

 * William Coyne (1866-1933) was a resident of Delaware. He was a senior executive of DuPont and served on the company's board of directors. He was also active in Democratic politics in Delaware and was a delegate to the 1920 Democratic National Convention. I clipped the first page of a death notice from Newspapers.com, which you can view here.

 * I'd say de-link William Coyne in the 1924 Democratic Convention article and either leave it alone or come up with a new parenthetical identifier Maybe William Coyne (Business executive) or something like that.

 * Coyne seems to have been notable enough to merit an article on Wikipedia. If no one else does it, I'll try to take care of it when I can.

 * Billmckern (talk) 00:35, 17 June 2020 (UTC)

Uncited Quotes
Although David Burner's work is cited in "Further Reading," the article contains at least one quotation from his work without citation: "But by no sleight of hand could the convention have been swung around to either contestant." (From p120 of his *Politics of Provincialism*). I'll bet it isn't the only uncredited quotation in this article. BCSWowbagger (talk) 06:51, 20 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I looked it up today in the 1968 edition of The Politics of Provincialism. This doesn't look to me to be an uncited quote. It looks to me like Burner's own narrative description of the convention proceedings. Billmckern (talk) 16:06, 20 March 2024 (UTC)


text: Talk:Public holidays in Jamaica

title: Talk:Public holidays in Jamaica


text:
Talk:DJ Qbert

NPOV
''Richard Quitevis (born October 7, 1969), in San Francisco, California. Known by his stage name DJ Qbert or Grandmixer Qbert, is a Filipino-American Turntablist and composer. He is often referred to as the Jimi Hendrix of the turntables, known to make them sing in complex and subtle ways. He invented the first musical annotation system for scratching, battling and composing on vinyl.''

This was apparently taken from his own site, and is completely biased anyway. I would correct it, but I know absolutely nothing about this man (besides, English is not my first language). Could someone do something about it? 88.169.49.46 (talk) 17:16, 22 July 2010 (UTC)

How is wave twisters NOT a full scratch album?
I hear scratching on every track!

A. At the time it was released, Wave Twisters was generally considered a "full scratch album" as scratching does play a heavy role in every track. However, with the release of D-Style's "Phantasmagoria" the meaning of "full scratch" became a bit more specified. "Wave Twisters" makes use of produced (unscratched) beats in many of the tracks with scratching serving as the "lead vocal", whereas the entirety of "Phantasmagoria" is scratched. - Renn —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.121.32.211 (talk • contribs)

I think it's misleading to refer to it as being composed mainly by samplers, much of the sound is composed by 4 DJs, a la the old scratchpiklz. It could be pointed out, but precautions should be taken to keep it from sounding like a DJ Shadow or Automator album. Also, this is nitpicky but I don't think it's necessary to say samplers AND beat machines, they probably just used the samplers to emulate beat machines. --Patrik —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.166.97.195 (talk • contribs)

Capitalization
I think Q-Bert should be spelled with a capital B. This seems to be the way he prefers it. Badagnani 03:32, 23 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I notice that IMDB calls him "DJ Q-Bert", although going to his own site refers to him as "DJ Qbert". Has his spelling changed over time?  Also, Amazon.com has things like DJ Qbert's Wave Twisters by DJ Q-Bert, so obviously even they're a little confused. (side-note: I added a redirect from "DJ Q-Bert" to "DJ Q-bert".. I noticed a refering page had a broken link, due to capitlization differences)) --JamesLikesBeer 18:18, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I vote for DJ Qbert. Darth Katana X 06:24, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

While I doubt that it matters to him much either way, and he may indeed change it haphazardly, The Album "wave twisters" refers to him as "DJ QBert" while he normally tags his name "Qbert". Additionally I've never seen him use the hyphenated Q-bert. - Renn
 * I’ve actually given this thought and done some research (no idea why, though… MP3 tagging, maybe?) IIRC, I settled on a lowercase B, perhaps because that’s how the video game writes it. It’s often written all-caps, such as on flyers, album covers, and graff, but I think it’s more commonly written Qbert than QBert, as in this picture—though, as Renn points out, never Q-bert. —Wiki Wikardo 07:25, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * (UPDATE: Proof (?) of his personal preference for the lowercase B)
 * (Another update: His MySpace, too.)

External links modified
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title: Talk:DJ Qbert


text:
File:As Nasty As They Wanna Be cover.jpg

Cover art for the 2 Live Crew album As Nasty as They Wanna Be.

From site.

Fair use in As Nasty as They Wanna Be
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It is a low resolution copy of a CD album cover.
 * 2) It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD album in any way.
 * 3) Copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is significant because it is the cover art for an album by a famous artist, 2 Live Crew.
 * 5) Additionally, this album was infamous for the controversy caused by its lyrical obscenity, and this album cover further illustrates the taste of the artists.
 * 6) The album is the best selling project, most controversial, and talked about of the group all the members of their careers.

als:Bild:As Nasty As They Wanna Be cover.jpg


text:
Talk:Murder Inc. Records

Murders of 50 cent and Jam Master Jay
How come the 50 cent and Jam Master Jay articles link to here, as Murder Inc. Records was suspected of involvement in their murders, yet there is no mention of them in this article? Doesn't seem right to me. Zordrac (talk) Wishy Washy  Darwikinian Eventualist 02:28, 10 December 2005 (UTC)
 * 50 Cent is dead?!? ;) Morhange 04:31, 4 February 2006 (UTC)
 * 50 isn't dead! HeckXX 16:55, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Blood IN.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Collectables By Ashanti album cover.jpg
Image:Collectables By Ashanti album cover.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:RULE.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Rule 3.jpg
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External link
I'd like to add a video interview with Irv Gotti to external links. He is speaking about The Inc. Records. Here is the interview. Ammosh11 22:07, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

Who the hell wrote this?
It sounds like a 13 year old made this for a middle school book report. Using words like "Beef" and "Ja" are nothing like you would see in a encyclopedia and the sentance "Almosts left with no fanbase" is incredibly Biased this is such a horribly written article Im suprised its not up for deletion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.185.22.13 (talk) 20:03, 4 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, the name of one rapper is Ja Rule, so the use of "Ja" makes sense, also cleanup is not a reason for deletion. Doc StrangeMailbox Logbook 20:24, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

I agree, this article needs a serious cleaning. The grammar is poor, there are no real sources, there's heavy biased and "statements" that border opinions. It probably would be easier for someone to rewrite it from scratch than to try and fix this.--Jimmy Wang Yu: Version 2 (talk) 20:56, 19 September 2008 (UTC)

I was thinking maybe a chinese guy wrote it or something. It is worth its comedy value though, I say keep it. 69.107.97.186 (talk) 23:25, 7 April 2009 (UTC)
 * We seriously need to expunge the word "would" from the article. 69.105.109.37 (talk) 10:03, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

Requested move 8 April 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) ~ Aseleste  (t, e | c, l) 16:12, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

Murder Inc Records → Murder Inc. Records – Every reference in the article uses the period after Inc. While a Google search does bring up examples of sources not using the period, it is not overwhelmingly common. Similarly, move Category:Murder Inc Records artists to Category:Murder Inc. Records artists. 162.208.168.92 (talk) 16:28, 8 April 2021 (UTC) —Relisting. ~ Aseleste  (t, e | c, l) 10:40, 16 April 2021 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Talk:Murder Inc. Records