text:
Icons of Filth

Icons of Filth are a Welsh anarcho-punk band that were formed in 1979. The issues the band promoted through their lyrics included animal rights, anarchism, environmentalism, anti war, vegetarianism, veganism, antiglobalisation, feminism, and the negative effects of organised religion. Live shows were often used to raise money for these causes and also others including Rock Against Racism and the UK miners' strike (1984–85).

Early history
Icons of Filth started life as Mock Death in Cardiff in 1979, with Aitch (Mark Wilson) on drums, Daffy (Simon DeManuel) on guitar, Socket (Tony Watts) on bass and Fran and Tina sharing vocal duties. After a year of local performances, the band dissolved.

Atomic Filth formed shortly afterwards with Socket, Daffy and Aitch from Mock Death and Stig (Andrew Sewell) on vocals. Within a year the name had been changed to Icons of Filth and Socket had left, to be replaced on bass by Ed. They recorded the cassette LP Not On Her Majesty's Service in September 1982, becoming the first release on Conflict's Mortarhate label (Mortarhate M1). This was followed up by the May 1983 recording Used · Abused · Unamused which was released as a 7-inch EP on Corpus Christi Records. Ed left after its release and was replaced by Fish (Richard Edwards) on bass. In December 1983, Onward Christian Soldiers was recorded, and was released the following March on Mortarhate records. This LP featured a strong animal rights theme. After a series of performances in 1984, usually with Conflict, the Brain Death 7-inch EP was recorded in October 1984. This was followed in April 1985 by the Filth & the Fury EP.

Death of Stig
While playing at a squat gig in Hackney, London on 23 October 2004, Stig complained of feeling unwell. He died abruptly of a heart attack shortly afterwards. The band played two benefit gigs for Stig's children in London and Los Angeles, after which they decided to disband indefinitely. They reformed for two performances in Cardiff to commemorate the ten year commemoration of Stig's death, and played alongside both of Stig's son's bands.

After a concert arranged to mark the anniversary of Stig's passing in 2014, the band members decided to reform. After several lineup changes they eventually settled and released a 10-inch EP 'Plight' on Grow Your Own Records in July 2021.

Legacy
In an interview with The Guardian in 2016, the band was citied along with a number of other British Anarcho-punk bands of the early 80s as being an influence to the American avant-garde metal group Neurosis.

Albums

 * Not On Her Majesty's Service (1982), Mortarhate
 * Onward Christian Soldiers (1984), Mortarhate - UK Indie No. 2
 * Nostradamnedus (2002), Go-Kart

 * Compilations:
 * The Mortarhate Projects (1995), Mortarhate

EPs

 * Used, Abused, Unamused (1983), Corpus Christi - UK Indie No. 20
 * Brain Death (1984), Mortarhate - UK Indie No. 3
 * The Filth and the Fury (1985), Mortarhate - UK Indie No. 9
 * Show Us You Care (1999), BBP
 * Plight (2021), Grow Your Own

title: Icons of Filth


text:
British Rail Class 307

The British Rail Class 307 electric multiple units were built by BR at Eastleigh Works from 1954 to 1956. They were initially classified as AM7 before the introduction of TOPS.

Description
Thirty-two of these 4-car units were built for services on the Great Eastern Main Line.

All units were formed of four cars. When originally built, units were numbered in the range 01s-32s and were composed of two outer driving trailers, an intermediate trailer composite (i.e. with some first-class seating) and an intermediate motor brake. The units were constructed to operate off the 1,500 V direct current (DC) overhead power system used on Eastern Region suburban lines from Liverpool Street to Shenfield and Southend Victoria. However, in the late 1950s / early 1960s, these lines were converted to the 6.25 kV/25 kV alternating current (AC) overhead system, which was adopted as standard and coincided with the introduction of new Class 302 (AM2) units. Therefore, from 1960 to 1962, the entire AM7 fleet was extensively rebuilt at Eastleigh Works to allow units to operate from the new voltage system. The work including moving the guard's compartment from the motor coach to one of the driving trailers. At the same time, units were renumbered into the range 101–132.

From 1983 to 1984, the fleet was refurbished. Work involved replacing all compartments with open saloons and the fitting of gangways between vehicles within a unit. The first-class seating was also moved from the trailer to the non-brake driving trailer. During this period, units were renumbered under the TOPS system to 307101–307132.

Details of the vehicle designations are shown below.

Operations
When new, these trains were used on the newly electrified Great Eastern Main Line, running between Liverpool Street and Southend Victoria on semi-fast services. In 1960 the electrification system on this route was converted from 1,500 V DC to 25 kV AC overhead, necessitating the rebuild of the fleet.

Following refurbishment in 1983, the fleet saw continued use; primarily on the Liverpool Street to Southend Victoria line, but also on the London, Tilbury and Southend line. From 1986, a few trains were repainted in Network SouthEast livery. By 1990, however, the class had been displaced from the LTS route by Class 310 trains, themselves cascaded from the West Coast Main Line following introduction of new Class 321/4 trains, supplemented temporarily by Class 317 trains. The Class 307 trains did not last much longer on the Great Eastern route, following the introduction of the new Class 321/3s.

By 1991, all Class 307 trains had been withdrawn from Network SouthEast services. However, five trains (307105/111/120/122/130) were overhauled at Doncaster Works for use on the newly electrified Wakefield Line service between Leeds and Doncaster. They received the West Yorkshire Metro maroon livery. The use of these units was intended as a stop-gap until three new Class 321/9 trains entered service. The final Class 307 trains were withdrawn in early 1993.

Following withdrawal, large-scale scrapping of the class was delayed as it was intended to rebuild the units as Class 300 parcels units. This plan was dropped in favour of building new Class 325 units. However, many of the driving trailer vehicles were eventually rebuilt as Propelling Control Vehicles (see below). The redundant intermediate trailers and motor vehicles were eventually scrapped.

Departmental use
Following withdrawal from service, several units were converted for further use as departmental vehicles. These are listed below.

Crash tests
Units 307101, 307106 and 307121 were used a crash-test units at Old Dalby, for use in simulated crashes for safety purposes.

Class 316 testbed unit
Unit 307118 was converted into a test unit for the 'Holec' three-phase AC traction motors and associated electrical gear used in the Class 323 EMUs. As 316998, the BDTBSO coach had its seating removed and the electrical equipment mounted in the passenger cabin and cooling provided via a large grill fitted in place of the guard's doors on the left hand side. The pantograph well was also revised, bringing it closer towards the cab.

Later, the unit was altered for 750 V DC third rail operation, the pickup shoes being mounted on the former MSO and renumbered 316997. After testing, the unit was stored at the back of Eastleigh T&RSMD. Scrapping took place at Caerwent in July 2006.

Proposed Class 300
Class 300 was allocated to a proposed fleet of parcels-carrying electric multiple units, which were to be converted from former Class 307 units.

In the early 1990s, the Class 307 passenger units were being withdrawn from service. At the same time, the Parcels sector of British Rail, later known as Rail Express Systems, were looking for a fleet of parcels multiple units, which would be more cost effective to run than locomotive-hauled stock used at the time. One suggestion was to convert a number of Class 307 units to meet the need, as had been done with four of the similar Class 302 units, and several Class 307 units were set aside and stored with this possibility in mind.

However, the age and design of the units counted against them, and the decision was taken instead to build new units, which became the Class 325.

Propelling Control Vehicles
After the decision not to proceed with the Class 300, Rail Express Systems instead sought driving trailers to operate in push-pull mode with a locomotive. This would remove the time-consuming process of changing the locomotive to other end of the train to allow it to leave a terminus. These newly refurbished vehicles were called Propelling Control Vehicles (PCVs), since it was envisaged that they would only be used to propel a train into or out of a terminus, and not used at high speed or over long distances.

It was decided to convert the vehicles from the many redundant Class 307 vehicles that were stored at various locations around the country. In 1994, two vehicles were rebuilt as prototype PCV vehicles, and underwent an extensive testing procedure. In the period 1994–1996, a further 40 redundant driving trailer vehicles were rebuilt by Hunslet-Barclay in Kilmarnock.

The rebuilding work included removal of the windows and slam-doors, the fitting of roller-shutter doors, and modernisation of the cab. The vehicles were given the TOPS code NAA and were numbered in the range 94300-327 (for former DTCOL vehicles) and 94331-345 (for former DTBSO vehicles).

Vehicle nos. 94300/301 were the prototype Propelling Control Vehicles. Due to their non-standard nature, they have since had their push-pull equipment isolated and are used as standard parcels vans. To reflect this change, the two vehicles have been renumbered to 95300/301.

Details of the vehicles converted to PCVs are shown below.

Carriage nos. 94303/07/10/11/15/16/17/20/22/31/34/36/37/38/39/40/ have been sold for scrap to CF Booths, and carriage nos. 94305/09/19/21/25/41/42/45 to TJ Thompson.

A rake of derelict PCV's are at Hellifield (N Yorks) (in Feb 2019) owned by West Coast Railways. The following units are stored at Hellifield 94303 94333 94326 94323 94504 94302 94527 94306 94546 94495 17/04/19

Preservation
One driving Brake trailer from unit 307123 has been saved for preservation. Two PCV conversion has also been saved for preservation.
 * 75023 – Colne Valley Railway. Restoration ongoing.
 * 94320 – Mid-Norfolk Railway. Under restoration as stores vehicle.
 * 95301 - Prototype PCV, preserved, Andrew Briddon Locomotives, Darley Dale.

One vehicle, DTBSO no. 75018 (ex-977708) was bought by the AC Loco Group at Barrow Hill Engine Shed for spares recovery. It was scrapped at Caerwent MOD in 2006.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: British Rail Class 307


text:
Eliyahu Nawi

Eliyahu Nawi (אליהו נאוי; June 22, 1920 – November 16, 2012) was a judge, lawyer, poet, politician, Bible investigator, and mayor of Beersheba.

Biography
Eliyahu Nawi was born in Basra, Iraq. He immigrated to Jerusalem with his family at the age of six. He served in the Israel Defense Forces and attained the rank of major in the intelligence services. In 1947, Nawi moved to Beersheba as a liaison man between the British Mandate authorities and the Arab population. He later became a judge in the Beersheba magistrates' court. In 1983, the Public Council for Falasha Jews elected Nawi as its honorary president. He was married to Beruria who immigrated to Israel from Germany in the 1930s.

Political career
Prior to the 1963 municipal elections in Beersheba, the leadership of Mapai chose Nawi to head the party's electoral list in Beersheba. Nawi was chosen both for his formal education and his Iraqi descent, important in light of ethnic tensions in the city at the time. During his election campaign, Nawi rejected the notion that he was chosen for his ethnic background, but twelve years later wrote that this had been in fact the reason. In the election, held on August 28, 1963, Nawi won against David Hakham, then deputy mayor and himself a former Mapai member, and Ze'ev Zrizi of Mapam. Nawi continued his tenure until 1986. During most of his tenure, Ze'ev Zrizi served as his deputy.

title: Eliyahu Nawi


text:
Talk:Arwing

G-Diffuser
This sounds kind of weird, but what exactly does the "G-Diffuser" system do? In the article, it says it cleans the engine of dust, but that doesn't sound right. I think it has something to do with the maneuverability of the Arwing. Thunderbrand 17:48, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * I always thought it managed all the "C maneuvers" - loop, U-turn, boost, etc. I could be wrong, though. --Spug 18:12, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well it is an acronym for "Gravity Diffuser". It allows the arwing to function perfectly consistent on different planes, such as the atmosphere of a planet and in deep space. It also allows the machine to execute such tricks such as the brake and loop-de-loops. The infinite booster might also be a plausible extrusion from this component. -ZeroTalk 11:16, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

The Arwing can stand over 9000 degrees before melting, thanks to it's powerful shields.

Yeah, in StarFox Assault, right after the first level, when you fight Oikanny and his butterfly robot, the G-diffuser really comes in handy when you're trying to navigate through those rocks, and waterfalls.

Original Arwing Deconstruction
I'm not sure if it could fit in Wikipedia, but I made this document describing how to decode the original Arwing polygon mesh from the first StarFox game.

The document is called "Annotated Deconstruction Of Low Polygon Arwing Object From The Original StarFox."

 * Maybe you should consider putting it on a seperate page. --Arima 07:23, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

Arwing Designation?
Even though this is unofficial, it makes some degree of sense. Right? --Arima 07:21, 6 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Arwing I (Star Fox 64, Star Fox Adventures)
 * Arwing II (Star Fox: Assault)
 * No. Nowhere does it in the games do they call them the "Arwing I" and "Arwing II". Thunderbrand 15:39, August 6, 2005

(UTC) I agree. Even though it's unofficial, it does make sense, but they should not be labled as "Arwing I" and "Arwing II", but possibly something like "Model 1" and so on. I agree this should be included in this article somehow. -Anony

Space meters?
Is there a source of information that actually gives the units as "space meters" or like? I don't have anything besides Adventures and Assault at hand right now, but neither manual seems to give any measurements for the vehicles at all (based on a very quick look) and I only have hazy recollections about some third-party material that gives the sizes of the characters in plain old ordinary meters. (Indeed, the character articles right now seem to only use "meters".) Do the sources use "space meters"? Do any newer sources use meters or "space meters"? Would it be prudent to use "meters" for clarity if only one source uses these units and, going just with common sense, well, that darn space meter looks just as long as your ordinary meter to me, unless everything in the game is ten times as large as stuff in real life, or something silly like that =) --wwwwolf (barks/growls) 18:19, 30 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Yeah, its kinda weird. The "space meters" thing is from Arima. I think he got it from the Star Fox 64 Player's Guide (which to my recollection had a ton of info on the planets and vehicles). Since the later games, such as Assault and Adventures, don't use any type of measurement, maybe we should remove length/width/height stuff. (To be honest, I don't think it is really important to know the width of the Arwing in Star Fox 64.) Thunderbrand 18:49, 30 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I think it would probably make sense to do that, since no one knows exactly how long "space meters" are, and therefore it doesn't really give any valuable information. If they could somehow be converted into real units of measurement though, then maybe...  Rob e  rt  00:06, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I dont know about Space Meters, but I was able to get the size of the Arwing in Assualt by mesuring the 3D Model

Arwing Redesigns
Does anyone else think there should be a section explaining that it's unknown weither the Arwing is a single model of fighter that has been refitted over the years, a series of fighters with new models built over the course of the games, or merely the same model fighter that is redesigned for each new game with the implication that it always looked like the new design, as was the case with the Gundam redesigns in Endless Waltz?

There seem to be cases for and against all three scenarios. The first seems to be a popular explaination, and it seems to be the simplest case, but it is also fairly unrealistic, as no military vehicle I know of has ever gone through such extensive refits over the course of its lifespan, especially considering how drastic some of the refits are.

The second theory also seems to answer the problem of the Arwing having such drastic refits, but it is also shot down by the existence of the Arwing II in Star Fox Command, which implies there has been only one model of Arwing until now.

Finally, there's the third theory, which in many ways seems the most likely. It's a fairly common concept in shmups and anime featuring special vehicles. It also explains odd quirks like why the Adventures Arwing is almost a completely new machine, larger and bulkier than previous incarnations, rather than simply a time-worn version of the 64 Arwing. However, there's still a case against this in Star Fox Command, as one screenshot from the story page features a flashback showing a formation of 64's Arwings.

Also, there's a missing Arwing in this article: an old promo image for Star Fox (arcade) featuring a narrow, boat-like design for the Arwing that was also used in the Star Fox Adventures promotional webcomic (officially released only in Japanese but fan translations are available). —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Tenka Muteki (talk • contribs).
 * Honestly I do not know. I would be for a section talking about the various incarnations of the machine, though. Thunderbrand 04:31, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Damn, I hate when I forget to sign. Anyway, I guess I was a little long winded; what I really mean is that it should be mentioned somewhere in the article that the nature of the Arwing's redesign is unknown.--Tenka Muteki 05:53, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Nintendo Power's Arwing Cut-out
A long time ago as a promotional ad for starfox 64, from what I remember, Nintendo Power magizine had an insert with instructions and the designs for a paper arwing which you can cut out and tape together. I don't have the magizine but its worth mentioning if anyone could find more information on it, I found image files but due to varying sizes and lack of instructions their usefulness is rather short(i basicly hit a brick wall with the blue parts of the arwing(going from ingame appearence) because they just dont line up correctly at the right angle) -Evirus 69.14.33.214 07:34, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

The discoverers?
In the section about the Arwing being found in the Zelda game, something isn't right. Yes, i know that it is actually present, because i've seen it. But the discovers announced sounds...false

"...and his Gypsy cousin, Enrique." Says it all, really.

title: Talk:Arwing


text: Category:Omani people

title: Category:Omani people


text:
The Tradition

The Tradition (known as the Regions Tradition for sponsorship reasons) is an event on the PGA Tour Champions. First staged 35.60010176712329 years ago in 1989, the PGA Tour recognizes the event as one of the five senior major golf championships. Unlike the U.S. Senior Open, Senior PGA Championship and Senior Open Championship, it is not recognized as a major by the European Senior Tour, and is not part of that tour's official schedule. It is the only senior major where the winner does not earn an exemption into a PGA Tour or European Tour event.

Arizona
From its inception in 1989 through 2001, the tournament was held in Arizona at the Cochise Golf Course of the Golf Club at Desert Mountain in Scottsdale. In 2002, it was held at the Prospector Course of Superstition Mountain Golf & Country Club near Gold Canyon. While in Arizona, the event was played in early April.

Oregon
In 2003, the event relocated to northwest Oregon for four years at the South Course of The Reserve Vineyards and Golf Club in Hillsboro, Oregon, just west of Portland. Following the 2006 edition, it moved to the high desert of central Oregon for four years, to the Crosswater Club in Sunriver, south of Bend. The lengthy course sits on 600 acre of woodlands and preserved wetlands along the Deschutes River, at an average elevation of 4170 ft above sea level. The par-72 layout played at 7316 yd in 2009. During the eight years in Oregon, the event was held in mid- to late August.

Alabama
Following the 2010 event, Birmingham, Alabama–based Regions Financial Corporation announced in August that it was taking over sponsorship of the tournament. For five years, the event was played at the Shoal Creek Golf and Country Club in the Shoal Creek development, southeast of Birmingham. The Tradition superseded the Regions Charity Classic, a regular Champions Tour event which began in 1992 as the Bruno's Memorial Classic. Shoal Creek previously hosted two PGA Championships, in 1984 and 1990.

Since moving to Alabama in 2011, the event has been played in May and June. It moved from Shoal Creek to the nearby Greystone Golf and Country Club in 2016, and is held on the recently renovated Founders Course.

Multiple winners
Through 2023, five men have multiple wins in the Tradition:

 * 4 wins:
 * Jack Nicklaus: 1990, 1991, 1995, 1996
 * 3 wins:
 * Steve Stricker: 2019, 2022, 2023
 * 2 wins:
 * Gil Morgan: 1997, 1998
 * Fred Funk: 2008, 2010
 * Tom Lehman: 2011, 2012
 * Bernhard Langer: 2016, 2017

title: The Tradition


text:
Roan

Roan may refer to:

Animals

 * Roan (color), a type of animal coat color that shows intermixed white and darker-colored hairs
 * Roan (horse), a horse coat color pattern
 * Varnish roan, a leopard-complex horse coat color that looks similar to roan
 * Roan antelope, an African savanna antelope
 * Roan Allen (1904–1930), one of the founding sires of the Tennessee Walking Horse

People

 * Roan (name), a personal name and surname
 * Charles H. Roan (1923—1944), a United States Marine
 * Dan Roan (born 1976), a sports editor for BBC News
 * John Roan, a landowner in Greenwich, London who left his estate for the founding of the John Roan School
 * John Roan (bishop) (died 1692), a Church of Ireland Bishop of Killaloe
 * Michael Roan (born 1972), a former professional American football tight end
 * Oscar Roan (born 1951), a former American football tight end
 * Roan Carneiro, a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist
 * Roan Ching-yueh (born 1958), a Taiwanese architect, writer, curator and an Associate Professor of Department of Art Creativity

Iran

 * Roan, Iran, a village in Hamadan Province

Norway

 * Roan, Norway, a municipality in the Fosen district of Trøndelag
 * Roan (village), a village in Roan municipality in Trøndelag
 * Roan Church, a church in Roan municipality in Trøndelag

United Kingdom

 * Old Roan, an area in Aintree village, Merseyside, England
 * Old Roan railway station, a railway station in Aintree village, Merseyside, England
 * Old Roan Chase, a steeplechase in Aintree village, Merseyside, England
 * Roan, County Tyrone, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland

United States

 * Roan Cliffs, a range of mountains and cliffs in Utah and Colorado
 * Roan Creek, a tributary of the Watauga River in Tennessee
 * Roan Creek (Colorado), a tributary of the Colorado River in Garfield County, Colorado
 * Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands), a mountain on the Tennessee-North Carolina border
 * Roan Mountain, Tennessee, a census-designated place (CDP) in Carter County, Tennessee
 * Roan Mountain State Park, located in East Tennessee along the Tennessee-North Carolina border
 * Roan Plateau, a plateau that overlooks the Colorado River Valley

Zambia

 * Roan (Zambian National Assembly constituency), a parliamentary constituency
 * Roan, Luanshya, a suburb of Luanshya in the Roan constituency

Other

 * Battle of Roan's Tan Yard, an action during the American Civil War
 * The John Roan School, a comprehensive secondary school in Blackheath, South-East London
 * USS Charles H. Roan (DD-853) (1946–1973), a Gearing-class destroyer of the United States Navy
 * Roan United F.C., a Zambian football club based in Luanshya
 * The Secret of Roan Inish, 1994 American film

title: Roan


text: Category:Omani politicians

title: Category:Omani politicians


text:
Southern English

Southern English may refer to:

 * English in southern England, the English language of southern England
 * Southern American English, the English language of the South of the United States

title: Southern English


text: Category:Sultans of Oman

title: Category:Sultans of Oman


text:
Talk:Studio 54

Section layout
In the long term, I'm planning to improve this article to GA status. However, I noticed a few things about the arrangement of the article's sections: – Epicgenius (talk) 17:49, 13 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Most of the page is about history and is in chronological order, but only one section of the article (the Roundabout Theatre section) has a list of notable productions. However, there were several other notable productions at Studio 54 back when it was the Gallo Theatre/New Yorker Theatre. Should the "notable productions" section get its own level-2 header, such as in Stephen Sondheim Theatre and American Airlines Theatre? I am planning to flesh out the Roundabout section with prose.
 * Meanwhile, the focus of this article needs to be clarified. Currently, the article is largely about the theater itself and the former nightclub, which is fine. But I also recently removed an unsourced section about "other tenants", which is only related to the office building within which the theater/nightclub is housed. Should we be talking about the office building as well?
 * Should the "Upstairs at Studio 54" subsection be a subsection of "Design" instead of "Roundabout Theatre"?
 * I guess the long term was not as long as I thought, as I've already implemented all of the above changes. The article's focus is now on the nightclub/theater and, to another extent, the physical space. There are a few referencing issues that probably still need to be addressed, particularly the use of sources like mentalfloss.com, but overall I think the page is broad enough in coverage.Some people may be wondering about the massive wikitext size (nearly 190 kb at last count). However, the article has about 45 kilobytes of prose size right now; per WP:TOOBIG, the page's size is all right, and it should be manageable as long as there aren't any significant additions of trivia. The article has nearly 450 references. which inflates the wikitext size greatly. The opera house, television studio, nightclub, and theater occupy the same physical space and are largely related to each other, so I have rewritten the article to cover all of these aspects. – Epicgenius (talk) 21:42, 18 September 2022 (UTC)

Anachronism
"Another early show produced at Studio 52 was The Fred Waring Show, which was taped there in 1950."

This is not possible. Video tape was not in production use until the mid 50s. 2600:1700:CA10:18A0:FC54:C529:E060:6C42 (talk) 15:53, 11 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Thank you for pointing this out. I've fixed this sentence now. – Epicgenius (talk) 16:58, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Studio 54


text:
Pulszky

The Pulszky family of Hungary included several notable people:

 * Ferenc Pulszky (1814–1897), writer and politician
 * Károly Pulszky (1853–1899), art collector, Ferenc's son
 * Romola de Pulszky, ballerina, wife of Vaslav Nijinsky, Károly's daughter

title: Pulszky


text:
Talk:Alex Deakin

[Untitled]
Why is it strange that Deakin didn't feature in the 100 greatest Britons? Had he featured in it in the past?

As a Briton, I think that the factual content of this is correct, but the the author's tongue is firmly in their cheek! The comment about Greatest Britains, though drole, should be removed.

 * Of course it should be removed . Be bold!, you can edit too. --Oldak Quill 01:17, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Ooh look, the old graphics... =;) Loganberry 12:18, 20 May 2005 (UTC)

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Hardboard

Hardboard, also called high-density fiberboard (HDF), is a type of fiberboard, which is an engineered wood product. It is used in furniture and in the construction industry.

Description
Hardboard is similar to particle board and medium-density fiberboard, but is denser and much stronger and harder because it is made out of exploded wood fibers that have been highly compressed. Consequently, the density of hardboard is 31 lb/ft3 or more and is usually about 50 - 65 lb/ft3. It differs from particle board and medium-density fiberboard in that the bonding of the wood fibers requires no additional adhesive, the original lignin in the wood fibers sufficing to bond the hardboard together, although resin is often added.

Hardboard is produced in either a wet or dry process. The wet process, known as the Mason Method, leaves one smooth side and one textured side, while the dry processed hardboard is smooth on both sides. Masonite is produced using the wet process only.

History
A product resembling hardboard was first made in England in 1898 by hot pressing waste paper. In the 1900s, fiber building board of relatively low density was manufactured in Canada. At around the same time the first commercially produced MDF was developed in 1966 in Deposit, New York, United States. In the early 1920s, improved methods of compressing wet wood pulp at high temperatures resulted in a higher density product.

Uses
Unlike solid wood, hardboard is very homogeneous with no grain. A wood veneer can be glued onto it to give the appearance of solid wood. Other overlays include Formica, laminated papers, ceramics, and vinyl. It has many uses, such as a substrate. It is used in construction, flooring, furniture, home appliances, automobiles and cabinetry, and is popular among acrylic and oil painters as a painting surface due to its economical price (though it must be coated with gesso or canvas before use). Hardboard has often been used as the surface material in clipboards, especially older models. It is also used as the final layer in many skateboard ramps and the half-pipe. Hardboard is also used extensively in theatrical environments, often used as the final painted surface of a stage and on walking surfaces of constructed scenery. Hardboard is also used to make puzzles, game boards, and other toys.

Tempered hardboard is a hardboard that has been coated with a thin film of linseed oil and then baked; this gives it more water resistance, impact resistance, hardness, rigidity and tensile strength. An earlier tempering process involved immersing the board in linseed oil or tung oil until it was 5 to 6 percent saturated, and heating to 170 C. Tempered hardboard is used in construction siding.

Perforated hardboard, also called pegboard, is tempered hardboard that has a uniform array of 1/8 or holes in it, into which tool-hanging hooks or store fixtures can be placed.

Hardboard has become less popular in the construction industry in recent years due to new environmental targets to procure more sustainable temporary protection materials.

title: Hardboard


text:
Talk:Fédération Internationale de Volleyball

Untitled
An article as it stands looks fine to me, but may be a red link to the Olympic Tournament may be replaced by the following existing template in the end of an article?Is it appropriate there?What do you think?

Cmapm 18:01, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, this link is not a reference to the Olympic Games page, or to any specific edition of the Olympic Games, but to a page I'm planning to write very soon about the Volleyball Olympic Tournament, i.e., about volleyball olympic events considered as a whole. This new page will describe briefly the history of volleyball in the Olympic Games, past winners, competition formula, etc., much like the World Cup and the World League pages. Hopefully the link won't remain red much longer.
 * I believe the template you suggested will fit very well at the end of this new page. I will put it there. Thank you very much for pointing it out. vlad_mv 20:55, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Didn't know that you plan to write it. It would be very fine! Particularly I like your style to mention not only medalists, but to present all the standings. Cmapm 21:27, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:FIVBLogo.png
Image:FIVBLogo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 06:11, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://www.fivb.org/EN/fivb/FIVB_History.asp. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:09, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

== The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (English: International Volleyball Federation), commonly known by the acronym FIVB, is the international governing body for all forms of volleyball.[3] Its headquarters are located in Lausanne, Switzerland, and its current president is Ary Graça of Brazil. ==

The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (English: International Volleyball Federation), commonly known by the acronym FIVB, is the international governing body for all forms of volleyball.[3] Its headquarters are located in Lausanne, Switzerland, and its current president is Ary Graça of Brazil. 1.46.129.22 (talk) 11:06, 26 June 2022 (UTC)

Query about the Wikipedia articles on the various FIVB events, mostly about their titles
To get straight to my query, why is it that the Wikipedia articles about the various activities or events of FIVB have this quirk:

1) Almost all of these articles start with "FIVB Volleyball", as if there are other volleyballs other than FIVB ones. A WP:CONCISE concern as a redundancy? Understandable, perhaps, to see this quirk in a phrase like "FIVB Volleyball World Cup", to clearly differentiate the article's subject from the more popular "FIFA World Cup" of association football.

2) As a consequence of this quirk in 1, the gender modification in the Wikipedia articles about gender-specific FIVB events are made to follow the word "Volleyball" and not allowed to be placed before it. Thus, in the article titled "FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League", many would be led to ask why the article wasn't titled "FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League" instead, the composite event being the VNL. After all, the cited sources all refer to the gender-modified events as the men's VNL and the women's VNL, not the VMNL and the VWNL, in the same manner that the sports media don't ever refer to the WNBA as the NWBA.

3) I understand that this quirk is now rampant in the many articles and year-specific tournament articles under the FIVB Wikipedia project, which would require so many moves, . . . but would many wrongs make 'em all right?

But, please correct me if I'm wrong about my reading of (or discomfort concerning) these article titles' modifier placements, anyone. This query only started as one specific to a single article, which I posted at the Talk Page of "FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League" under the topic "Query about this article's title", but I soon realized that the quirk (or this modifier-placement problem) is now quite rampant in the many FIVB event articles in Wikipedia. It must be noted that this quirk has only been occurring in FIVB articles, nowhere to be seen in other organizations' event article titles, as far as I know. Bagoto (talk) 10:01, 31 May 2024 (UTC)
 * I agree that the VNL related articles should be as "[insert year] FIVB [insert gender] Volleyball Nations League" not the current ones and per WP:UCRN it stated that article titles should be based on independent, reliable English-language sources. Additionally, when you search "Volleyball Nations League" on Google, the results are either Men's or Women's VNL and not VMNL nor VWNL. I suggest to open a move discussion for this matter.  98𝚃𝙸𝙶𝙴𝚁𝙸𝚄𝚂  •  [𝚃𝙰𝙻𝙺]   11:28, 31 May 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks, 98Tigerius. Per your suggestion, placed a multiple-page move request at the talk page of "FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League". Bagoto (talk) 00:05, 1 June 2024 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Hapbeg

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Two truths
Ben, what you are getting at (I think) is day-age creationism, which is a form of old earth creationism, though you might be saying that the creation stories in Genesis are true in a allegorical sense but not true in a literal sense, and effectively getting at a form of deism or evolutionary creationism. We do have quite a few pages on creationism and those are quite extensive, fitting all that into a page on evolution wouldn't do it justice. Dunc|☺ 18:02, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

PS The strongest advocates of creationism fall into two camps; the young earth creationists and the intelligent designists, because they cause the most controversy, because they try to present religion as science, so that is why you may not have seen those in between, though the essay Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution is quite famous. Dunc|☺ 18:06, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hapbeg


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John Middleton Murry Jr.

John Middleton Murry Jr. (9 May 1926 – 31 March 2002) was an English writer who used the names Colin Murry and Richard Cowper.

Early and personal life
Murry was the son of the writer John Middleton Murry and his second wife, Violet Le Maistre. His mother contracted pulmonary tuberculosis when Murry was 8 months old, and died just before his fifth birthday. Murry was nicknamed "Colin" by his grandmother, which later served as a semi-pseudonymous pen name for some of his books.

Murry attended Rendcomb College, a progressive school in Gloucestershire. He enlisted in the Royal Navy in 1944 and applied to join the Fleet Air Arm as a pilot, but was turned down on the grounds of poor eyesight and was never in combat.

After the war, he read Anglo-Saxon and English at Brasenose College, Oxford from where he graduated in 1949. He met Ruth Jezierski and married her in 1949. The couple had two daughters.

Murry died in 2002, four weeks after the death of his wife. His daughters said he died of a broken heart.

Career
His first novel, the autobiographical The Golden Valley, was finished in 1954 but not published until 1958 under the name Colin Murry. Publication was delayed because of the harsh criticism he had received from his father after he showed it to him following its completion. Three more novels as Colin Murry followed, the last appearing in 1972.

In the 1960s he turned to science fiction and fantasy under the pen name of Richard Cowper and attained considerable popularity. Responses to his work in the genre were mixed, with readers liking his subtle, lyrical and moving stories, but some SF critics were less impressed. Martin Amis wrote a series of harsh reviews of the Cowper books, which Murry shrugged off, saying, "He grew up with a famous father too!"

His writing often aimed at direct, intense feeling, with little or none of the irony and cynicism characteristic of much twentieth-century literature. He retired from writing in 1986, stating that he had nothing more to say, and turned to painting and repairing Victorian chairs.

Selected bibliography
As Colin Murry
 * The Golden Valley (1953)
 * Recollections of a Ghost (1960)
 * A Path to the Sea (1961)
 * Private View (1972)

As Richard Cowper (The short story "Piper at the Gates of Dawn" acts as a prologue to the three Kinship novels. It appears in the collection The Custodians as well as in some editions of The Road to Corlay.)
 * Phoenix (1967)
 * Breakthrough (1967)
 * Domino (1971)
 * Kuldesak (1972)
 * Clone (1972)
 * Time Out of Mind, with W. R. Cowper (1973)
 * The Twilight of Briareus (1974)
 * Worlds Apart (1974)
 * Profundis (1979)
 * The White Bird of Kinship
 * The Road to Corlay (1978)
 * A Dream of Kinship (1981)
 * A Tapestry of Time (1982)
 * Shades of Darkness (1986)

Autobiography
 * One Hand Clapping: a memoir of childhood (1975)
 * Shadows on the Grass (1977)

Short-story collections
 * The Custodians (1976)
 * The Web of the Magi (1980)
 * Out There Where the Big Ships Go (1980)
 * The Tithonian Factor (1984)
 * The Magic Spectacles: And Other Tales (1986)

title: John Middleton Murry Jr.


text:
Dan Burros

Daniel Burros (March 5, 1937 – October 31, 1965) was a Jewish American who joined the American Nazi Party (ANP) and the Ku Klux Klan (KKK). While initially an ANP member, Burros became a Kleagle for the KKK's United Klans of America (UKA) in the aftermath of a falling-out between him and ANP founder George L. Rockwell. The UKA was the most violent white supremacist group within the KKK at the time.

On October 31, 1965, Burros' Jewish heritage was exposed to the public by American journalist John McCandlish Phillips, Jr., who published an article about Burros in The New York Times. Some hours after the article was published, Burros committed suicide by shooting himself in the chest and then in the head. He was reportedly listening to music composed by German composer Richard Wagner prior to his death.

He was highly influenced by American far-right theorist Francis Parker Yockey, who advocated the establishment of a pan-European empire.

Early life
Daniel Burros was born to Jewish parents George and Esther Sunshine Burros in the Bronx. The family moved to Queens a few years later and Burros attended Hebrew school at Talmud Torah in Richmond Hill, where his bar mitzvah was held in 1950.

Military career
Burros expressed a desire to enter the United States Military Academy at West Point, which never came to fruition. However, he enlisted in the National Guard while still in high school and wore his uniform to class on drill days. He enlisted in the United States Army in 1955, but he was later discharged after a series of suicide attempts involving the ingestion of large amounts of aspirin and non-fatal cuts on his wrists. He praised Adolf Hitler in a suicide note. His discharge was ascribed to "reasons of unsuitability, character, and behavior disorder".

Political activity
Burros eventually joined the American Nazi Party. He was an editor of the party's newsletter, Stormtrooper. Burros's Jewish heritage had been suspected by a number of fellow American Nazi Party members. Many of Rockwell's stormtroopers distrusted Burros not only for being Jewish, but also a self-hating Jew, and for his bizarre behavior. Burros would sometimes bring a knish to the American Nazi Party headquarters and make such statements as "Let's eat this good Jew food!" Burros also frequently spent time with Jewish women. In one incident, described in William H. Schmaltz' 1999 book, Hate: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party, Burros once publicly described a lurid fantasy in which the keys of a piano were modified to deliver electric shocks via wires attached to the Jewish victim of their choice. He believed that the combination of music from the piano and the electric shocks would cause them to convulse in rhythm to the piano and provide entertainment. Another example is that he owned a bar of soap wrapped in paper with the words "made from the finest Jewish fat" imprinted on it. According to the writer Martin Lee, "a former Nazi associate claimed that Burros enjoyed torturing dogs, including his own pet, Gas Chambers".

In 1964, Burros and seven other neo-Nazis were convicted of trying to incite a riot at a civil rights demonstration. Each of them, including Burros, was sentenced to one to two years in prison. Burros was freed on bail pending an appeal.

During the investigation into the assassination of John F. Kennedy, it was found that Lee Harvey Oswald had Burros listed in his address book.

Suicide
Burros's Jewish background was made public in a New York Times article written by reporter John McCandlish Phillips. Phillips initially tried to reach out to Burros by bringing up statements which indicated that he felt trapped in the racist movement. However, his attempts were unsuccessful. Not long after the Times issue disclosing the revelations of his Jewish heritage went on sale, Burros died by suicide in the residence of his friend and fellow Klansman Roy Frankhouser in Reading, Pennsylvania.

In a press conference, a morose George Lincoln Rockwell praised Burros's dedication. He took the opportunity to rail against Jews, whom he referred to as "a unique people with a distinct mass of mental disorders" and ascribed Burros's instability and suicide to "this unfortunate Jewish psychosis". Despite the fact that Burros was a Jew and distrusted by his stormtroopers, Rockwell had wished to maintain at least a working relationship with him.

Analysis of being a self-hating Jew
Burros is sometimes cited as an example of a self-hating Jew. He was also influenced by Francis Parker Yockey's Imperium.

The story of Dan Burros was also loosely adapted into Henry Bean's 2001 film The Believer. It also inspired the fifth episode of the first season of the TV series Lou Grant, titled "Nazi", which aired on October 18, 1977, and the season 5 episode of Cold Case titled "Spiders".

title: Dan Burros


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Template talk:Rugbyunion-stub

I've started a discussion on merging this with Template:Rugby-stub at WikiProject Stub sorting/Criteria. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 18:07, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Rugbyunion-stub


text:
LORAN-C transmitter Rantum

The LORAN-C transmitter Rantum is a transmission facility for LORAN-C on the German island Sylt near the village Rantum at 54.80833°N, 8.29361°W. It was established in the 1960s, initially using a guyed steel framework mast with a triangular cross section, approximately 190 metres tall. In 1996 this mast was replaced by a 193-metre-high mast of the same type but of a better mechanical design. The new mast is, as its forerunner, insulated from ground and has a triangular cross section. The construction, weighing 65 t, is guyed in four levels at 60.52 m, 120.87 m, 154.95 m and 190 m. The transmitter was shut down on Dec 31, 2015.

title: LORAN-C transmitter Rantum


text:
Wikipedia talk:Noticeboard for India-related topics/Archive 1

Collaboration of the Week
Hey folks, how about starting an Indian Collaboration of the Week? Or better still, an Indo-Pak Collaboration of the Week? utcursch 06:26, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

I cant agree more. I am seeing a whole lot of work put in by individual wikipedians on India related content. We must get together and edit collaboratively on one topic per week. I second you utcursch. Let us look for at least 10 wikipedians to support this initiative. We are now 2.

I would like to propose that we start of with expanding the following article... 2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_in_India. It has grown in content since the last few days. It really needs all our support considering the scale of the calamity. Cheers Arunram 04:58, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * 2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_in_India is already being contributed to by many people (esp. by you). It's already a great article. I would prefer taking stubs, and converting them to the status of a near-featured article. Neverthless, 2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_in_India would be a good idea for the first Indian Collaboration of the Week. Good Idea. Let's wait for other people to air their views.utcursch 12:25, Dec 31, 2004 (UTC)

 * utcursch asked me to give my opinion on this. Personally, I like the fact that anyone can contribute in any way they want to at any time and that I don't have to make any commitments to Wikipedia. But I am gladdened when I see people improving India-related articles on Wikipedia especially since a lot of them do need lot of work, lots aren't yet created. I'll be happy to do what I can for the India-related article collaboration of the week if and when it starts. But I don't think I'll take a lead in it. Just my 2 cents. --Hemanshu 19:05, 4 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * We have 15 people now! So what do we start on first??? and how about a seperate page for Collaboration of the week? for discussion and all? --kunjan1029 05:32, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)

Town and Cities
Any idea on the Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Cities project? It is proposing to delete all the Town and Cities of XXXX state? See Categories_for_deletion#Cities_and_towns_of_countries_and_states

Alren 22:24, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Non-Indians and working on Indian topics.
Is the decision to keep the list of Indians working on India-related topics and others separate a conscious one? What are the pros and cons? What do people think of it? In creating Africa-related regional notice board I chose not to make that distinction. I feel it makes people unwelcome. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 00:30, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)

 * I second IFaqeer. We can remove the distinction. -- Sundar 05:46, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * The reason I set it up that way initially was that the Russian notice board I used to copy the things over had it that way. I might guess that it's there to distinguish people who are more likely to be knowledgable from people, like myself, who are definitely less authoritative but still interested in helping out. I have no objections to removing the distinction. --Improv 05:58, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Agreed. We should have no distinction. There are lot of people who might know more about Indian History and India related affairs more then many of us here. How about "India-related articles notice board" ? --kunjan1029 07:33, 20 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * I have merged the sections --Improv 03:56, 27 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I don't want to be obnoxious, but shouldn't the board be named "India-related Notice Board" or something? I just feel non-Indians (like me) would be more comfortable being part of it that way... —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 20:59, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * I second that. The board should be renamed to something that conveys that _any_ person who wants to contribute to India-related articles can join varunrebel 04:29, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Can somebody move it to Notice board for India-related topics? -- Sundar 04:44, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

'The article has since been moved.' -- Sundar 10:04, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

Lists of leaders and office-holders
We need to

 * Add more South Asian leaders to Category:Lists of state leaders by year
 * Add more South Asian leaders to Category:Lists of current office-holders

—iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 04:57, Dec 15, 2004 (UTC)

Incense
Does anyone know the principle areas of India for the manufacture of incense or dhoop sticks? --

From the top of my head, Mysore(vasu agarbathis(now acquired by ITC), govt sandalwood factory,etc have their base here). Bangalore, Delhi & Mumbai have some factories too, but i don't know any famous brand mfg there. pamri 06:06, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Christmas
Hi everybody! Christmas is a featured article candidate. I have added two lines about Christmas in India. If anybody can knows more, please contribute. utcursch 09:22, Dec 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Done that. Nichalp

Andhra Pradesh
Hey all, some random IP just removed a few paragraphs from the article on Anhra Pradesh. Does anyone have any thoughts on whether the removed material should've been in the encyclopedia or not? --Improv 04:29, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Swamis, Sadhus, Gurus and Yogis
Lately, I have been seen many articles on insignificant religious figures from India. Sri Deep Narayan Mahaprabhuji is on Votes for deletion page(Votes for deletion/Sri Deep Narayan Mahaprabhuji). But some non-Indians are voting keep, because they think that this man is well-known in India. I would like you folks to comment on the notability of these people, as I am planning to move them to Votes for deletion page:

 * Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda
 * International Sri Deep Madhavananda Ashram Fellowship
 * Mahamandaleshwar Paramhans Swami Maheshwarananda
 * Paramyogeshwar Sri Devpuriji
 * Siddha Guru Sri Alakh Puriji
 * It's gone. See Votes for deletion/Siddha Guru Sri Alakh Puriji. utcursch 11:58, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Sri Deep Narayan Mahaprabhuji
 * Akhandanand, Swami Akhandanand Saraswati

utcursch 07:18, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Nope. Never heard of them. Pass it on to VFD. Nichalp 20:01, Jan 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * I would not agree. Unless these are pure vanity articles, I would vote against deleting them. This is an encyclopedia and personally I believe that it is a good place to have information on topics, personalities, and issues that not everyone cares about. And think of a scenario where a Pope or a Shankar Acharya or, say, the Shahi Imam or the head of a religious foundation passes away (not to wish for that, but as a hypothetical), and we start turning to our favorite encyclopedia to find out about possible successors or someone who has been appointed to replace him/her/them. What if we had decided earlier that that person or persons were not "significant" enough for inclusion.

 * My two cowry's worth. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 00:53, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * I think the people listed above are more of quacks then sadhus --kunjan1029 03:42, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Even in that case, isn't there a case to document the what, who, where, etc. of them so people can get information? Of course, I am not agreeing with that; I am saying we need to document all such people as objectively as possible. You or I may consider Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh or the Sufi peers religious impostors, but they are definitely significant to know about and we have to bring all the information on them together. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 05:41, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Add to the list Bala Sai Baba. -- Paddu 11:16, 16 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree with IFaqeer. Also, sometimes, we may be rushing to judge people based on our own knowledge and prejudices. E.g. Swami Akhandananda Saraswati mentioned above - he was a well-konwn editor of Gita Press in 1940's or 50's, two of his followers went on to become Shankaracharyas, his followers included Birla, Singhania (JK), Hinduja families, he was president of Bharat Sadhu Samaj which was a prominent organization in 60's, he was an honorary member of the board of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan - an honour shared with Prince Charles, HH Dalai Lama, Swami Chinmayananda, Pt Jawaharlal Nehru,  Dr Rajendra Prasad, Dr Zakir Husain, Jai Prakash Narayan, Dr V V Giri, JRD Tata, GD Birla, Mother Teresa.  Check out: Bhawan Trustees List.  Swami Akhandananda's wikipedia bio does not mention this, and arguably the original contributor didn't do justice to the article and subsequent editors were not aware of this, but if the bio was deleted by Utcursch, Nichalp, and others - even with the best of intentions - we would lose out on the knowledge that wikipedia is supposed to preserve.

 * utcursch I came to know about these articles (Samyamindra Thirtha & Sudhindra Thirtha), in which most of the information is based Kashi Mutt website, these articles lack third party sources. Earlier I put a template asking for independent references, these articles has improved since then, but still lack independent sources to verify.. Currently there is an increase in these kind of articles on wiki. Logical1004 (talk) 06:13, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

Facts about India
I think Facts about India article should be deleted. Nothing important there and looks more like a forward email. what do you people think? --kunjan1029 03:45, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * I would move it into the India article under a heading like "Interesting facts" or something. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 05:24, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * No DO NOT add unnecessary information to the India page. The page is fully mature. Leave this page as it is. Nichalp 19:40, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

Article 356
Hi, Shouldn't there be an article on Article 356 of the Indian Constitution? -- Sundar 05:41, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)

Dalit article
The Dalit article has been shifted to Dalit (outcaste). I don't know, but I don't think that's a good title. First I though of shifting it to "Dalit (Scheduled Caste)", but SC does not cover Dalits in Nepal, etc. Any opinions? --Soman 12:02, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Dalit (caste system) or Dalit (caste)? -- Sundar 14:09, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * Dalit (caste) would be the best. Nichalp 19:46, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)

Oh, perfect, I was hoping there could be wider discussion about this, but I didn't know where it might take place. I was the one who moved the article to Dalit (outcaste), although to be clear I did not move any article entitled Dalit. The article I moved was Untouchable, because I noticed that a number of articles had links or redirects essentially saying "for Dalit, see untouchable", which I'm sure everybody can agree is highly unfelicitous. Dalit is (and was) a disambiguation page. I came up with the name Dalit (outcaste), but I'd be happy to see it changed if some better name can be arrived at. (I have reservations about Dalit (caste), because Dalit jatis are outside the varna system, which is key to the problem of Dalit exclusion.) Alternatively, we could move the article to Dalit and create a new page Dalit (disambiguation); or else move the page to Dalits, which is currently a redirect. (By-the-by, for people interested in a related topic, I'd love to see additions and improvements to the article on Scheduled Tribes, currently at Tribes of India, which is still in its infancy.) QuartierLatin1968 00:28, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Infinite recursion in Category:India-related stubs
The use of " " in the source of Category:India-related stubs causes the category to show up as a subcategory of itself. This can be confusing. - dcljr 06:31, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Fixed. utcursch 08:03, Jan 10, 2005 (UTC)

Subash Chandra Bose
NPOV rewrites by anti-Netaji advocates (who most probably have only studied British & US sources on the war) constantly take place on the Subash Chandra Bose article. Please chip in on the effort to keep the article correct. --Soman 23:05, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Do you mean POV when you say NPOV? -- Sundar 08:23, Jan 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, I always confuse which one is means what. Yes, you're correct, I intended to write POV. --Soman 09:10, 19 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Political parties
I'm considering to launch a WikiProject on political parties of India. In any case assistance is needed on the subject. Most urgent is that many of relatively large, regional-based parties make taher stub-like articles, such as Rashtriya Janata Dal, Bahujan Samaj Party, Janata Dal (United), Janata Dal (Secular) and Samajwadi Party.

Also, see Indian general elections, 2004 or List of political parties in India and fill in some of the red links. --Soman 23:14, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Public Domain
Since most of us have problems obtaining images and photos, if you know of any organisation/site that provides images on Indian themes on a PD or GDFL licence, please quote the site so that editors may use the images in the future. Nichalp 10:13, Jan 21, 2005 (UTC)

 * Just 2 cents:

 * for biographical articles has a number of photos, including those of Indian personalities. They are believed to be in the public domain, and should qualify for fair use at least.
 * has photographs of Indian musicians that are also believed to be in the public domain, as stated in the FAQ of the site. I also have email confirmation from the web admin. --ashwatha 07:04, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Why do we need 2 lists of Indian wikipedians
We have two lists... I think this is quite confusing. Some users are list at one of these places and are not aware of the other. I propose that we have only one. At Wikipedians/India. Can I have your views. Arunram 22:28, 22 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedians/India
 * Talk page of Indian_wikipedians%27_notice_board
 * The first list is the list of Indian nationals contributing to wikipedia. The second list is the list of contributors (not necessarily Indian nationals or of Indian origin) contributing to mainly India themed articles. The page serves as a forum for discussing India related articles. Nichalp 09:51, Jan 23, 2005 (UTC)

Hijra (India)
Please look at Talk:Hijra (India) and see if you can help. --Rrjanbiah 19:53, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Images & Permissions
--Rrjanbiah 20:09, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Sari - Need to get permission to use Anna Kournikova in Sari.
 * Kolam - Needs picture.
 * Tirukkural - Need to use and to get permission.

 * You can request permission from the webmaster of above sites using Boilerplate request for permission. utcursch 12:38, Jan 24, 2005 (UTC)

Already done. Look at my talk page. Just want to test others' luck. --Rrjanbiah 06:00, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Sino-Collaboration
The current China Collaboration of the Week is Sino-Indian relations. Perhaps the text could do with some inputs from ourside. Nichalp 20:39, Jan 23, 2005 (UTC)

Featured articles
As a follow-up to the to-do list item of having at least a dozen featured articles, thought I would post the current India-related articles that have FA status:

 * 1) India
 * 2) Aryan invasion theory
 * 3) British East India Company
 * 4) Governor-General of India
 * 5) Mahatma Gandhi
 * 6) Greco-Buddhism
 * 7) Buddhism
 * 8) Hinduism
 * 9) Auto rickshaw
 * 10) Sikkim - latest in the list!!

I think Indian independence movement is also FA material, even though it might not be there yet. It needs a bit of information regarding Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army, as well as proof-reading, pruning and some minor structuring. After this it would be good enough for a peer review, at least. I have been working on this for the past few days, please jump in if interested. --ashwatha 21:53, 24 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Should we create Indian wikipedians' notice board/FA and maintain a list of India-related FAs there? utcursch 11:33, Jan 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * I couldn't agree more. We should have a Indian wikipedians' notice board/FA page. 202.88.172.228 12:18, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Indian Economy
See Talk:Economy of India. pamri 17:02, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Nice template. Continue your good work. We'll chime in. -- Sundar 06:04, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)

Title of this project page
Should this project page be moved to a more appropriate title that doesn't preclude non-Indians working on Indian articles? -- Paddu 18:59, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * How about Notice board for India-related topics? -- Sundar 06:20, Jan 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree. utcursch 05:38, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * In my opinion any title is fine as long as it makes it welcome for anyone interested in contributing to articles related to India. The current title (please see) reasonably reflects that. Arunram 15:41, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

'The article has since been moved.' -- Sundar 10:04, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

Should we also move the Indian wikipedians' notice board/INCOTW to Notice board for India-related topics/INCOTW? -- Brhaspati 01:57, 2005 Feb 5 (UTC)
 * Yeah. utcursch 04:37, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Moved. -- Brhaspati 15:50, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)

Wikipedia User Group
Any Wikipedians from Bangalore out there. I would like to meet up with you all sometime in the next few weeks. Any takers? Please list your name...
 * 1) Arunram 10:23, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Sundar 05:01, Jan 31, 2005 (UTC)

Indian contributions to the sciences
History of science and technology is a pathetic stub section. Please help improve that so that it can stand as an independent article in itself. -- Sundar 10:43, Jan 31, 2005 (UTC)

 * I have added a write-up. I am yet to add sections on Contributions to Medicine & Surgery. Was wondering if I can put up some pictures? User:Prashanthns

I noticed your edits. I appreciate your effort. It needs some more formatting and style edits. You can definitely add any relevant pictures that are in public domain (that is free for anyone to use). -- Sundar 05:15, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)

Vehicle licence plates
I've made this page List of RTO districts in India; listing all the vehicle RTO districts. Please add all the district numbers you know of. Nichalp 19:03, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

Mysore Zoo page
Please take a look at Mysore Zoo. Although, once upon a time (and even now) a pride for Mysore, there were a spate of deaths, many linked to poisoning of animals. It sure painted a ghastly picture of the staff. But, is it really necessary to have such a wide coverage of this controversy on wikipedia? Does it not suit a newspaper/tabloid better to give actual dates of deaths and doubtful reasons. Doesent it just suffice to report that there is such an event taking place at the zoo, and talk about all the nice thigs that are STILL there?

Thought I will discuss this issue before I make changes I deem fit.

Prashanth

Wikiportal India created
A new Wikiportal, India has been created on 11 February 2005.

The portal intends to be the kaleidoscope of India content in wikipedia. Please visit, comment and contribute to this portal. Would greatly appreciate review, comments, suggestions and criticism.

Cheers Arunram 12:41, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Capital punishment in India
I created this although I admit to little knowledge of the subject and poor access to data. I used the information from news sources like AP which claim very infrequent executions rather than those of Amnesty International which claimed a dozen executions a year. I don't understand why the sources conflict. Any help appreciated. Rmhermen 15:22, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Protosuchus

Protosuchus (from protos, "first" and souchos, "crocodile") is an extinct genus of carnivorous crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic. It is among the earliest animals that resemble crocodilians. Protosuchus was about 1 m in length and about 40 kg in weigh As an early crocodilian relative, its skull featured more crocodilian characteristics than its earlier ancestors; it had short jaws that broadened out at the base of the skull, providing a large surface to which its jaw muscles could attach. This increased the maximum gape of the animal's mouth and the force with which the jaws could be closed. The dentition of the animal also resembled modern crocodiles, including the teeth in the lower jaw that fitted into notches on either side of the upper jaw when the mouth was closed. It also possessed a powerful tail which later developed into a propulsion mechanism through water in its descendants.

The body was covered and reinforced by osteoderms in a double row along the back and covering the bottom of the body and the entire tail. It was an unusual quadrupedal reptile whose legs were columnar, with the rear legs longer than the front legs. Its five toes were clawed and it is believed that they were good runners and good swimmers.

Species
Three species of Protosuchus have been described: the type species P. richardsoni from Arizona, United States, P. micmac from Nova Scotia, Canada and P. haughtoni from South Africa.

title: Protosuchus


text:
Category:Hotels in Hong Kong

Hotels in Hong Kong.

title: Category:Hotels in Hong Kong


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Talk:Written vernacular Chinese

The name: Vernacular Chinese
Is this the standard English term for the modern Chinese written language? I would suggest the name could be confused with vernacular spoken Chinese, "vernacular written Chinese" would be clearer. In many academic works, "standard written Chinese" or "modern written Chinese" seem to be used much more widely used, and "vernacular  Chinese" only used for the written language used in pre-20th C popular novels. LDHan 12:04, 16 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. It's quite apparent from scanning the lit that, although the phrase 'vernacular Chinese' is typically used in the context of writing, it doesn't actually mean a form of written Chinese, but only the vernacular language in the context of writing. When contrasting with Classical Chinese, or in phrases such as 'vernacular Chinese literature', there is no problem. However, it may otherwise be ambiguous, so a move to Modern Written Chinese may be appropriate. (Classical Chinese was also a written standard, so IMO Standard Written Chinese is not as felicitous a title.) — kwami (talk) 02:37, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't see why generic adjectives like 'written', 'standard' and 'vernacular' are being capitalized in this and the linked, related articles. just 'modern written Chinese' (etc.) suffices descriptively, no? Dragonbones (talk) 07:51, 16 August 2022 (UTC)

Dialects?
These novels written in the vernacular during the Ming and Qing, which spoken dialect did they tend to represent? Was it still Mandarin even back then?70.48.41.175 19:18, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Standard written form for languages other than Mandarin?
If this is the standard written form for languages other than Mandarin, this should be firmly stated in the opening paragraph. 203.33.3.2 (talk) 09:01, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

 * It's the standard form of written Chinese, just as Mandarin is the standard form of spoken Chinese. Other varieties may be written, just as they are spoken, but they are not the standard language. — kwami (talk) 02:38, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Well, there is also a standard written form for Cantonese Chinese, mainly used in Hong Kong. "Written vernacular Chinese" is only the the standard written form for standard Mandarin Chinese. --Yejianfei (talk) 12:34, 13 December 2016 (UTC)

Colloquial chinese

http://books.google.com/books?id=T9mNiIKu5qoC&pg=PA98&lpg=PA98&dq=Miao+++colloquial&source=bl&ots=So7tEFmBof&sig=WWfZC06glpTEKmdQ9_3KA3OKU0c&hl=en&sa=X&ei=35t7UMS-DqLt0gH34oHoAg&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Miao%20%20%20colloquial&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=SteRPgIWXAEC&pg=PA211&lpg=PA211&dq=Miao+++colloquial&source=bl&ots=1861eWnotG&sig=b5mpic9qrwgsVe70nFU8hPy7bU0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6597UJnYMoS60AHglIHYCg&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Miao%20%20%20colloquial&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=x3w0AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=Miao+++colloquial&source=bl&ots=Dj0bl18jz_&sig=fhjxzTUo_eHYC1HETLnZa56t6ug&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_J97UPqINcqw0AGLs4DIAQ&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Miao%20%20%20colloquial&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=J3suAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA708&lpg=PA708&dq=Miao+++colloquial&source=bl&ots=WQ63rhRtZ2&sig=QMYSkvuaguBeVCejrXpWQUpReg0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BaB7UNiPO8S80QHPmoDYDA&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Miao%20%20%20colloquial&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=2E_5nR0SoXoC&pg=PA284&lpg=PA284&dq=Miao+++colloquial&source=bl&ots=eHJTZmrlgx&sig=iYI0T2XEdVee54r_ZCNmqTjRe8A&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HaB7UJOaMerD0AH2-IHoBQ&ved=0CFwQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Miao%20%20%20colloquial&f=false

05:34, 15 October 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ghressho (talk • contribs)

title: Talk:Written vernacular Chinese


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Category:Hospitals in Hong Kong

__NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Hospitals in Hong Kong


text: Talk:Kelly

title: Talk:Kelly


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Yaakov Turner

Yaakov Turner (יעקב טרנר, born 27 February 1935) was the mayor of Beersheba. Prior to his election as mayor, he was an Israel Air Force pilot and Israel's Chief of Police. Turner was the founder and head of the Israeli Air Force Museum.

Biography
Yaakov Turner was born in Kfar Yona, Mandatory Palestine, to Jewish parents from Hungary and Poland. He graduated from Ben Gurion University of the Negev with a major in behavioral sciences.

Military and police career
Turner enlisted in the Israeli Air Force in 1953 and retired in 1985 as a brigadier general. In the Yom Kippur War he was an F-4 Phantom II pilot, and in the Six-Day War and the War of Attrition, he was the commander of an air combat squadron.

In 1985 he founded the Israeli Air Force Museum in Hatzerim airbase near Beersheba.

After his military service, he joined the Israel Police, where he became general commissioner (commander of the police) in 1990, a position he held until 1993. Turner served as president of the Israeli branch of the International Police Association.

Mayor
In 1998, Turner was elected mayor of Beersheba. He was elected on a local list, but with the support of the Israeli Labor Party. He was re-elected in 2003, but lost the elections in 2008 to his former deputy mayor, Ruvik Danilovich. Turner won 30 percent of the vote versus 60 percent for Danilovich.

The Yaakov Turner Sports Complex, named for him, includes the 16,000-seat Turner Stadium, multifunctional sport hall and practice fields.

title: Yaakov Turner


text:
Rare Air

Rare Air, formerly Na Cabarfeidh, was a Canadian band that played an eccentric mix of instruments, including bagpipes, flutes, whistles, bombardes, bass guitar, and keyboards. Its first two albums were released under the name Na Cabarfeidh and the following four under the new name, Rare Air.

History
The group was founded in the late 1970s as a Celtic folk music band, was originally led by bagpipers Grier Coppins and Pat O'Gorman. The name Na Cabarfeidh means "the Cabarfeidh" in Gaelic, referring to the Cabar Feidh Pipe Band in which they had both played.

In 1982, Na Cabarfeidh released an album produced by Sometimes We Do This Musical Productions. At the time of album, the band included Ian Goodfellow, Grier Coppins, Richard Murai, Patrick O'Gorman, and Trevor Ferrier. The instruments on this album were Great Highland Bagpipes, acoustic guitar, long drum, whistle, bombarde, biniou koz, peaucloche, voices, cylinder drums, and tabla. The song Bretonia was based on a melody of a Breton love song, "J'ai travaillé la longue des jours," as sung to the band by Pierrig Hercelin of Les Fougerets. Their sound was a fusion of Celtic, rock and a Caribbean beat.

After the band's second album, Rare Air, Goodfellow left, and the band changed its name to the more easily pronounced Rare Air. In 1985, the group released Mad Plaid on the Flying Fish label.

Rare Air toured the world, and extensively in the southern United States. Their early music took the sounds of Celtic music from Scotland, Ireland, Brittany and North America and combined it with funky bass rhythms and driving polyrhythmic percussion. In 1990, two of the four founding members, Trevor Ferrier and Richard Murai, left to pursue their own musical interests, and the band changed musical direction with the addition of Christian Frappier, Jeff Gill and Rich Greenspoon. Rare Air's music became more jazz-oriented and it was soon tagged with the "jazz fusion" label.

After the last album, Space Piper, the group disbanded.

Discography

 * Stick It in Your Ear (1981)
 * Rare Air (1982)
 * Mad Plaid (1984)
 * Hard to Beat (1987)
 * Primeval (1989)
 * Space Piper (circa 1991)

title: Rare Air


text:
Jessica Van Der Steen

Jessica Van Der Steen (born 9 July 1984 in Westmalle, Antwerp) is a Belgian fashion model.

Van Der Steen was first featured on the cover of the April 2000 edition of Ché magazine at age 16. In September 2003, she was also featured in the Dutch edition of ELLE. She then appeared in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Edition in both 2004 and 2005. Currently, Van Der Steen is a model for Victoria's Secret.

title: Jessica Van Der Steen


text:
Jeffrey Wright

Jeffrey Wright (born December 7, 1965) is an American actor. He has received numerous accolades, including a Primetime Emmy Award, a Tony Award, and a Golden Globe Award, in addition to a nomination for an Academy Award. Wright began his career in theater where he gained prominence for his role in the Broadway production of Tony Kushner's Angels in America (1993), for which he won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play. He reprised his role in the acclaimed 2003 HBO miniseries adaptation, earning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Movie.

His first starring film role was as Jean-Michel Basquiat in Basquiat (1996). His other notable films include Shaft (2000), Syriana (2005), Lady in the Water (2006), Cadillac Records (2008), The Ides of March (2011), and Rustin (2023). He also acted in the Wes Anderson films The French Dispatch (2021), and Asteroid City (2023), and has played Felix Leiter in the James Bond films Casino Royale (2006), Quantum of Solace (2008), and No Time to Die (2021), Beetee Latier in The Hunger Games films, and Jim Gordon in The Batman (2022). He received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in American Fiction (2023).

Wright earned acclaim for his role as Valentin Narcisse in the HBO series Boardwalk Empire (2013–2014) and robot programmer Bernard Lowe in the HBO series Westworld (2016–2022), the latter of which earned him three Primetime Emmy Award nominations. He also played as Isaac Dixon in the video game The Last of Us Part II (2020) and the Watcher in the Marvel Studios animated series What If...? (2021–present).

Early life and education
Wright was born on December 7, 1965, in Washington, D.C.. His mother is a customs lawyer and his father died when Jeffrey was a child.

He graduated from St. Albans School and attended Amherst College, receiving a bachelor's degree in political science, planning to attend law school, but chose instead to study acting. After attending the MFA acting program at the New York University Tisch School of the Arts for two months in 1988, he left to appear in Les Blancs at Arena Stage before transferring with it to the Huntington Theatre Company and deciding to be an actor full-time.

1990–2003: Theatre roles and Angels in America
Wright began appearing off-Broadway in New York City and Washington, D.C. In 1990, he appeared in his first major film as an attorney in Alan J. Pakula's legal drama Presumed Innocent. In 1991, he joined John Houseman's national touring repertory company The Acting Company in productions of A Midsummer Night's Dream and Athol Fugard's Blood Knot. In 1993 and 1994, he appeared as Norman "Belize" Arriaga in Tony Kushner's award-winning play Angels in America. His portrayal of a gay nurse forced to take care of Roy Cohn as he dies of AIDS won him the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play. He also had small roles in the films Jumpin' at the Boneyard (1992), Faithful (1996), and Critical Care (1997).

He guest-starred in George Lucas's The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles as a fictionalized Sidney Bechet and Homicide: Life on the Street in the early to late 1990s. In 1996, Wright starred in his first leading film role, portraying painter Jean-Michel Basquiat in the film Basquiat, to critical acclaim. Critic Roger Ebert praised Wright as "[giving] a performance of almost mystical opacity". For his performance, he earned a Independent Spirit Award for Best Debut Performance nomination. Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, he appeared in roles in such films as Woody Allen's satirical comedy Celebrity (1998), and Ang Lee's western Ride with the Devil (1999).

In 2000, he starred in three films, Shaft, Hamlet, and Crime and Punishment in Suburbia. He also starred in Clark Johnson's HBO television film Boycott (2001) as Martin Luther King Jr., for which he received an AFI Award. He starred opposite Carmen Ejogo and Terrence Howard. The following year, he portrayed Howard Bingham in Michael Mann's biographical sports drama Ali (2001). The film also starred Will Smith, Jamie Foxx, and Jon Voight. The following year, he returned to Broadway playing Lincoln in the Suzan-Lori Parks play Topdog/Underdog (2002). He starred opposite Mos Def who played Booth. Wright for his performance earned a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play nomination. In 2003, he reprised his role as Norman "Belize" Arriaga in HBO's award-winning adaptation of Angels in America, garnering him an Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film.

2004–2015: Established actor
In 2004, he appeared in Jonathan Demme's remake of The Manchurian Candidate, starring Meryl Streep and Denzel Washington. In February 2005, Wright returned to HBO Films in Lackawanna Blues. In 2005, he played Washington attorney Bennett Holiday in Syriana and Bill Murray's eccentric Ethiopian neighbor Winston in Broken Flowers, the latter of which earned Wright a Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male nomination. That same year, he also starred in the play This Is How It Goes and appeared as one of the tenants in M. Night Shyamalan's psychological thriller Lady in the Water (2006). In 2006, he appeared as Felix Leiter in the James Bond film Casino Royale. He reprised the role in Quantum of Solace and No Time to Die. In 2007, Wright starred in the alien invasion suspense thriller The Invasion. In 2008, he portrayed Colin Powell in Oliver Stone's biographical drama film W. He portrayed Muddy Waters in Cadillac Records, a biopic, loosely based on the rise and fall of Chess Records.

In 2010, Wright played Jacques Cornet in the world premiere run of A Free Man of Color at the Vivian Beaumont Theater of the Lincoln Center for Performing Arts in New York City. In 2011, he acted in three films Source Code with Jake Gyllenhaal, Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close starring Tom Hanks and Sandra Bullock and The Ides of March starring George Clooney. Wright played Beetee in The Hunger Games film series, starting with The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, released in November 2013. He landed the role of Dr. Valentin Narcisse in season 4 of Boardwalk Empire, starting in the fall of 2013. In 2015, he voiced Poppa Henry in the Pixar animated film The Good Dinosaur.

2016–2022: Westworld and American Fiction
He portrayed Charles Ogletree in the HBO film Confirmation (2016), and Bernard Lowe in HBO's Westworld, the latter of which earned him three Primetime Emmy Award nominations. In March 2017, Wright appeared in a commercial for Dell Technologies. In 2018, Wright acted in six feature films including the legal drama Monster, the drama The Public, the action comedy Game Night and the crime drama Age Out. He starred in the HBO film O.G. which was filmed entirely in a Pendleton Correctional Facility. Also, in 2018, he acted in the Netflix action thriller Hold the Dark which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival.

In 2018, Wright produced the HBO documentary We Are Not Done Yet, which gives voice to war veterans who, through a USO-sponsored arts workshop at Walter Reed National Military Hospital, discover the power and healing of shared experience to unite and find resilience in the face of post-traumatic stress. That same year, Wright starred in HBO's O.G., a film about a man confronting his past crime and preparing to leave prison after decades behind bars. The film was directed by Madeleine Sackler, and was filmed entirely in Pendleton Correctional Facility near Indianapolis, Indiana. The film was shot in a working prison and many prisoners and staff were recruited as actors for the film, including Wright's co-star, Theotus Carter, who plays Beecher, a younger prisoner that Louis, (Wright's character) takes under his wing, which threatens Louis' release date. During shooting, Wright was sometimes mistaken for a prisoner by other real prisoners and guards. The film debuted on HBO on February 25, 2019. Nick Paumgarten of The New Yorker said, "The performances are exceptionally strong, both by the free-to-leave professional actors (especially Jeffrey Wright, who plays Louis, the 'O.G.' of the title, an older inmate on the verge of release) and by the incarcerated neophytes." Ben Kenigsberg of The New York Times said, "Jeffrey Wright gives a rich, imposing performance as the former 'mayor' of Pendleton Correctional Facility."

In 2019, he acted in the Steven Soderbergh directed Netflix comedy-drama The Laundromat starring Meryl Streep, Antonio Banderas, and Gary Oldman. He also acted in John Crowley's drama The Goldfinch starring Nicole Kidman, Sarah Paulson, and Finn Wolfhard. Wright starred in the video game The Last of Us Part II as Isaac, the leaders of the Washington Liberation Front. The game was released on June 19, 2020. Wright voices the Watcher in the Disney+ animated series What If...? (2021), which is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).

In 2021, Wright portrayed food writer Roebuck Wright in the film The French Dispatch by Wes Anderson. He reunited with Anderson portraying General Gibson in the 2023 film Asteroid City.

He portrayed Adam Clayton Powell Jr. in the Netflix biographical drama film Rustin and played fictional author Thelonious "Monk" Ellison in the satirical comedy-drama American Fiction both released in 2023. The latter earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy nomination and an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor.

Personal life
Wright married actress Carmen Ejogo in August 2000. They have a son named Elijah and a daughter named Juno and lived in Brooklyn, New York City. They have since divorced.

He is a fan of the Washington Commanders.

In 2004, Wright received an honorary degree from his alma mater Amherst College.

Wright is chairman and co-founder of Taia, LLC and Taia Peace Foundation and Vice Chairman of Taia Lion Resources, Inc, a gold-exploration company looking to create a conflict-free gold mining operation in Sierra Leone.

title: Jeffrey Wright


text:
Talk:Weakerthans

there are two different pages for WEAKERTHANS and THE WEAKERTHANS, someone will have to amalgamate them... I'll do it eventually I guess. Jeremyclarke

Took care of it. Anon.

title: Talk:Weakerthans


text: Template:BLR

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text: Template:BGR

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text: Template:UKR

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text: Template:GEO

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text: Template:MKD

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Elizabeth Gaffney

Elizabeth Gaffney (born New York City, December 22, 1966) is an American novelist. She graduated from Vassar College and holds an MFA in fiction from Brooklyn College. She is the founder of the virtual writers space The 24-Hour Room, the editor at large of the literary magazine A Public Space and was a staff editor of The Paris Review for 16 years, under George Plimpton. She teaches writing at New York University, Queens University of Charlotte, The 24-Hour Room, and A Public Space.

Novels
Elizabeth Gaffney is the author of two novels published by Random House. Metropolis was published in 2005. When the World Was Young was published in 2015.

Short stories
Elizabeth Gaffney has published short stories in various literary magazines including Virginia Quarterly Review, North American Review, Conjunctions and Michigan Quarterly Review. She won the 2019 Lawrence Prize for Fiction.

Translations
Elizabeth Gaffney has translated four books from German: The Arbogast Case by Thomas Hettche, The Pollen Room by Zoë Jenny, Invisible Woman: Growing up Black in Germany, by Ika Hügel-Marshall and You Can't See the Elephants by Susan Kreller.

title: Elizabeth Gaffney


text:
Phanerite

A phanerite is an igneous rock whose microstructure is made up of crystals large enough to be distinguished with the unaided human eye. In contrast, the crystals in an aphanitic rock are too fine-grained to be identifiable. Phaneritic texture forms when magma deep underground in the plutonic environment cools slowly, giving the crystals time to grow.

Phanerites are often described as coarse-grained or macroscopically crystalline.

title: Phanerite


text:
Gerónimo Gil

Gerónimo Gil (born August 7, 1975) is a Mexican former professional baseball catcher and manager who is currently the manager of the Dorados de Chihuahua of the Mexican League. He batted and throwed right-handed.

Playing career
Gil began his baseball career with the Red Devils of the Mexican League. He had played in only four games for Mexico City in 1995 when his contract was purchased by the Los Angeles Dodgers on Feb. 15, 1996.

Los Angeles Dodgers
Gil played for the Class A Savannah Sand Gnats in 1996. The Sand Gnats came back from seventh place and won the South Atlantic League championship that year.

In 1997, Gil played for the Single-A Vero Beach Dodgers. The next year, he was promoted to the Double-A San Antonio Missions, playing catcher as well as in the outfield and at first base. Gil played for San Antonio until 2000. The highlights of his career with San Antonio included ranking 4th in batting average and tying for third place in doubles with 17 in 1998, tying for the Missions' team lead with 15 home runs in 1999, and being named the best defensive catcher in the Texas League in 2000. In 1999, he played catcher and outfield, and in 2000, he caught and also played third base.

Later in the 2000 season, Gil was promoted to the Triple-A Albuquerque Dukes. With the Dukes, he played 15 games, batting .380 with two home runs and 22 runs batted in. He also had a .600 slugging average and a .421 on-base percentage.

Despite the fact that he played nearly his entire minor league career on Los Angeles farm teams, Gil never played a Major League game for the Dodgers. He began the 2001 season in the Dodgers farm system with the Triple-A Las Vegas 51s, but was traded to the Baltimore Orioles on July 31, 2001, after batting only .222 with Las Vegas.

Baltimore Orioles and Colorado Rockies
After the trade, Gil played for the Triple-A Rochester Red Wings. He batted .313, collecting a hit in 13 of his last 17 games with Rochester. He also had only eight stolen bases against him in 31 attempts. The highlight of his short stint with Rochester was an eight-game hitting streak, from Aug. 7-15. On September 7, the Orioles purchased Gil's contract from the Red Wings. He made his major league debut the next day. Of the final 22 games of the season, Gil started at catcher in 17 of them.

In, Gil started for the O's on Opening Day. He was the first Orioles rookie to start at catcher on Opening Day since Andy Etchebarren, in. He caught 33 out of 91 baserunners stealing, second in the American League to Bengie Molina. He hit his first big league homer on April 11, off Tampa Bay Devil Rays pitcher Travis Phelps. His first multi-homer game was on April 23, both off the Boston Red Sox pitcher Frank Castillo. He also hit another home run off Castillo on April 29. Gil hit 12 home runs that year, the most ever by a Mexican-born rookie. The previous record was held by Vinny Castilla, who hit 9 for the Colorado Rockies in. An interesting fact about Gil's 2002 season is that of his 12 home runs, 4 were against the Red Sox, the most he hit against any team that year. 3 of those 4 homers he hit against Boston were off Frank Castillo. He was selected as the catcher on the Topps' All-Rookie team after the season was over. Gil played for the Obregón Yaquis in the Mexican Pacific League during the 2002 off season, batting .266 with 6 home runs and 20 runs batted in. He played mostly first base, outfield and designated hitter. He also played 6 games as a catcher and a game at third.

In, Gil spent most of the season with Baltimore, but he also played for six weeks with the Triple-A Ottawa Lynx. He started the season as the everyday catcher for the O's, and started 12 of the first 16 games. Gil batted only .173 with a home run and three runs batted in during the first 22 games, and with only 1 game in which he had more than one hit in that span. He batted .339 with 2 home runs and 9 runs batted in during May, and in June he batted only .139 with 2 runs batted in and no home runs. In July, he only started 2 games before being optioned to Triple-A Ottawa on July 20. With the Lynx, he hit safely in 30 out of 36 games. Gil also had an 11-game hitting streak, from August 2–13. During this hitting streak, he batted .400. While with Ottawa, he had 17 runs batted in, 13 of which he hit in the final 18 games of the minor league season. After Ottawa was eliminated by the Pawtucket Red Sox in the International League playoff series, in which Gil batted 1 for 16, Baltimore brought Gil back up from the minors. He had two hits in his first major league game back, but only played in three games. During the season, he threw out 10 of 48 base stealers. Gil played again for Obregón in the Mexican League after the season, playing 50 games and batting .277 with 4 home runs and 29 runs batted in.

Gil spent almost the whole 2004 season with Ottawa, after being sent to Ottawa during spring training, a decision he infamously reacted to by smashing trash cans in the clubhouse with his bat. He hit .287 in the first half with the Lynx, and was their only player at the Triple-A All-Star Game. In the second half, he hit .278 in the end of July, and only .198 in August. Gil was called up by the Orioles in September when rosters expanded. He played in 12 games for the O's during the last month of the season, batting .281, and was the only Orioles backup catcher that hit over .170. He had a 2-run batted in double in his first game back against the Devil Rays on September 2. Gil also had a season-high 2 hits against the Detroit Tigers on the September 26. He also threw out 3 of 16 baserunners.

In, Gil batted .192, with four home runs, 17 runs batted in and no stolen bases in 64 games. The Orioles placed him on the 15-day disabled list on July 4 with a strained left thumb.

Before the 2006 season, the Orioles placed Gil on waivers, which he cleared. On March 29, 2006, Gil was released by the Orioles. Gil signed with the Colorado Rockies on December 14, 2006. Before the start of the season, he was loaned to the Red Devils of the Mexican League where he batted .396 in 75 games and was named to the mid-season All-Star team. He was returned and called up by the Rockies on August 9,.

Gil is notable for having 820 career at-bats without a triple.

Return to the Mexican League
Gil started 2008 playing for the Guerreros de Oaxaca, but after 54 games, he was sent to the Red Devils. Combined, Gil batted .298 with 11 home runs and 51 runs batted in. After that, he played with the Diablos Rojos del México and Naranjeros de Hermosillo, and also participated in the Baseball Fest 2010 in Tijuana with Hermosillo. He played with the Diablos Rojos del México for the 2016 season.

Coaching career
Gil accepted his first manager position with the Marineros de Ensenada of the Liga Norte de México in June 2018, joining the team midseason and leading them to a league title. He was hired by the Leones de Yucatán in 2019, serving as their manager until he was fired during the 2021 season.

Personal life
He is married to Adriana Ortiz Cordova. She is from Mexico City and studied hearing and language at Normal de Especializacion University and has two children, Gerónimo and Angelo, both of them with the last names "Gil Ortiz". The family lives in Lagunas, Oaxaca, México.

title: Gerónimo Gil


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