text:
Talk:25th Golden Raspberry Awards

Very Dubious
The article says that this this Razzie year was unique because it nominated a film that was NOT a financial or critical bomb (Fahrenheit 911). However, in 2005 Katie Holmes was nominated for Batman Begins, which was a huge critical and financial success. This statement therefore seems patently false. --DreamsReign 04:06, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:25th Golden Raspberry Awards


text:
User:GRider/Exceptions

The only rule on Wikipedia seems to be that there are no rules.

Here are some unique cases which "survived" VfD:

Low Google hit counts:
 * 15 hits: Votes_for_deletion/Jean-Pierre_Schecroun
 * 30 hits: Votes for deletion/Camilla Lyman
 * 38 hits: Votes for deletion/James Harvey Logan
 * 43 hits: Votes for deletion/Katherine Bowes-Lyon
 * 62 hits: Votes for deletion/Karl Genzken
 * 113 hits: Votes for deletion/Cathleen Synge Morawetz

Yet, at the same time, the following did not survive:
 * 14 hits: Votes for deletion/Jinty Stewart

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:GRider/Exceptions


text:
Talk:Stanley J. Weyman

Dead link to annotated bibliography
The link to violetbooks.com is dead. I found an archived version of this page on archive.today, but received a message while editing that this site is not to be linked to from Wikipedia. I have therefore marked the original link as dead. John.D.Ward (talk) 21:39, 8 April 2015 (UTC)

Sources modified on Stanley J. Weyman
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just attempted to maintain the sources on Stanley J. Weyman. I managed to add archive links to 1 1 source, out of the total 1 I modified, whiling tagging 0 as dead.

Please take a moment to review my changes to verify that the change is accurate and correct. If it isn't, please modify it accordingly and if necessary tag that source with to keep Cyberbot from modifying it any further. Alternatively, you can also add  to keep me off the page's sources altogether. Let other users know that you have reviewed my edit by leaving a comment on this post.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 17:34, 28 June 2015 (UTC)

Proposed merge with Ovington's Bank
Minimal notable information added, could easily be added to author's page. Classicwiki (talk) (ping me please) 01:26, 17 August 2017 (UTC)

Further text added. I'm opposed to the merger.Bmcln1 (talk) 12:59, 17 August 2017 (UTC)

Biography
Does anyone object if I expand this section? He's an interesting character, especially in terms of why he is so neglected. Robinvp11 (talk) 16:17, 2 October 2017 (UTC)
 * The biographical info is fine. I agree with you about the novels and why they disappeared from bookshops, but unfortunately editors cannot have opinions. You need to quote secondary sources here. Best wishes, Brian Bmcln1 (talk) 09:16, 5 October 2017 (UTC)

I'll have a look around for the secondary sources but I think you've overdone the punctuation stuff - most of the second paragraph reads like Earnest Hemingway in a hurry and in any case, it's a stylistic criticism, not a correction of editorial content. Can you also clarify for me what exactly constitutes 'over-linking?'

I'm not asking just to be difficult; I'm (relatively) new to Wikipedia but I have a fairly wide range of interests and I'm struggling with the reality every single editor I've met so far has a different view on style, sources, when to link, what constitutes fair comment etc - despite the Wikipedia principles. Which means I'm having to correct these elements for four or five different people and it makes writing these much harder work. Robinvp11 (talk) 09:57, 5 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Overlinking: We don't usually link the same page twice in the same article. Generally understood concepts and places are not usually linked. Still, there's quite a lot of leeway here. Remember the Americans have little general knowledge of the UK and vice versa. Point of view: The difficulty arises because this is not an academic paper, say, where you should have opinions and back them. It is an encyclopaedia entry, where the authoritative or irritating opinions of others can be relevant and should be referenced. I hope that helps. Style: Important to ensure that our busy readers get the info they want easily. Encyclopaedias don't show a personal style. The aim is to be as succinct and clear as possible. On the whole, the more editors fiddle with the text[comma?] the better it gets. Not always, of course! I see what you mean about Hemingway, but was he ever in a hurry? Punctuation: OUP has a site whose name escapes me. If you're in American English (can be a puzzle to us Brits), The Chicago Manual of Style is the ultimate, I guess. I find commas difficult in both Englishes. Where possible they should be used in pairs, but trim them if you like, no problem. Thank you for your interesting points, anyway. Best, Brian Bmcln1 (talk) 10:22, 5 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I like your latest version. Getting better and better. Bmcln1 (talk) 16:40, 5 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for that. At the risk of being irritating :), the title of Weyman's degree is Modern History, not modern history the subject. I changed barrister to lawyer; the distinction doesn't matter here and only the Brits understand it anyway. Reginald Pound called them Strand writers, not the Strand Magazine writers.Robinvp11 (talk) 11:51, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

Editorial policy
I recently received an e-mail from Wikipedia asking for my comments on improving it. My response was that the mindset of many existing editors appears diametrically opposed to the collaborative environment Wikipedia was built on and an obstacle to improving it. That's not a view unique to me.

I tell my clients to look for trends, rather than reacting to one-offs and working virtually with others often requires the assumption of good intent. As a result, I've learned to be pretty patient on Wikipedia but that's now five editors out of eight where my first interaction has left me feeling intensely frustrated. It's not the criticism; we can all learn from each other (including editors) but the phrasing often appears based on the mindset of an elderly and obstreperous teacher talking to a slow learner.

This page has not been updated for years and entirely due to my interest, it's now a lot better. I did it because I think Weyman deserves to be read more widely and I'd like to help that process by making this easy to read.

As a result, I asked for guidelines. I've had articles published in real magazines people pay money for, so I'm not a grammar expert but I'm not illiterate. My 'punctuation is all over the place' because I'm trying to figure out what you want. Your first approach 'They had no children. She died four years later' is very different from the corrections made yesterday. I shouldn't have to guess the stylistic preferences of each editor.

I've spent most of my life working in Asia and the Middle East, so I've had to think carefully about English for non-native speakers. That requires the use of commonly understood words and phrases. If Wikipedia is to be a place where it's easy to find information, justifying obscure phrases by creating more links cannot always be the answer.

I'm a Brit. My two brothers are lawyers; I have various friends who are lawyers, one of whom is a barrister and he calls himself a lawyer too. Barrister, briefs are not commonly used. I myself have a degree in Modern History; I've never used the phrase 'Graduating in Modern History' or heard anyone else do so. More importantly, this isn't the Academie Francaise; why argue about them? What is the value? How does it make Weyman more accessible? (These are rhetorical questions).

This is not an argument I either need or am interested in winning. You do what you do, I'm off to Lebanon and Egypt for the next two weeks so I'm going to leave this discussion, get on with doing my book reviews and ignore this page in future. That seems a shame.

Robinvp11 (talk) 11:28, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes, you mentioned your degree. Well done. A Cambridge BA in modern history is not to be sneezed at. I think the page has shaped up well, as I've said. Don't be sparing with links, though. Remember there are more ways than ten to say most things and the first one thought of may not be the clearest or pithiest. Your punctuation's improved. Capitalization often depends on context and style of writing, not just the word itself. Keep an eye how others handle it. Our job is termed "editor" rather than "writer", despite the writing we have to do. Original writers have a right to be indignant if their work is changed; editors don't: we're in it together, aiming at a text that's clear, orderly and encyclopaedic. Have a good hols. Bmcln1 (talk) 10:31, 9 October 2017 (UTC)

Neglect
"Luck also plays a part. The reputation of many of his contemporaries now rests on one book, e. g. The Scarlet Pimpernel, The Four Feathers, or The Prisoner of Zenda. His close friend and equally successful author Hugh Stowell, who wrote as H. Seton Merriman, has also been largely forgotten. Weyman called his own books 'pleasant fables' and was aware of their modest literary value."

This seems rather odd, Weyman was one of the writers of my youth, and however I disagree with him  ---  he was pro-such traitors as O Cromwell and William III   ---  he was as readable as most of his middle-brow contemporaries.

One really can't expect most authors to be popular 100 years after their deaths, partly through the accretion down the years of a multiplicity of new authors, day by day. Who on earth will read present-day Booker Prize Winners, or writers of modest literary value  presently acclaimed by the Guardian and such culture  declarers in the year 2150 ? Claverhouse (talk) 12:00, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stanley J. Weyman


text:
Dangerous offender

In Canada and England and Wales, certain convicted persons may be designated as dangerous offenders and subject to a longer, or indefinite, term of imprisonment in order to protect the public. Dangerousness in law is a legal establishment of the risk that a person poses to cause harm. Other countries, including Denmark, Norway, and parts of the United States have similar provisions of law.

The question of a person's dangerousness predominately occurs when decisions are being considered regarding the future safety of the public at various stages through a suspect or defendant's journey through the criminal justice system. This includes decisions on whether a person can be released on bail or requires to be remanded in police custody, followed by sentencing for certain offences, their confinement (such as what category of prison to send them to), as well as future legal proceedings, such as their suitability to be released, assessed by a parole board.

Canada
In Canadian criminal law, a convicted person who is designated a dangerous offender may be subjected to an indeterminate prison sentence, whether or not the crime carries a life sentence. The purpose of the legislation is to detain offenders who are deemed too dangerous to be released into society because of their violent tendencies, but whose sentences would not necessarily keep them incarcerated under other legislation, such as the Correctional and Conditional Release Act. Under subsection 761(1) of the Criminal Code, the Parole Board of Canada is required to review the case of an offender with a dangerous offender label after seven years, and parole may be granted as circumstances warrant, but the offender would remain under supervision indefinitely. After the initial review, the Parole Board must conduct subsequent reviews every two years. According to Corrections Canada, on average 24 dangerous offenders are admitted to the Canadian prison system each year. Paul Bernardo is one well-known dangerous offender.

The dangerous offender provisions have been found constitutional: "The individual, on a finding of guilty, is being sentenced for the 'serious personal injury offence' for which he was convicted, albeit in a different way than would ordinarily be done. He is not being punished for what he might do. The punishment flows from the actual commission of a specific offence."

On 17 October 2006, the Canadian government introduced legislation that made it easier for Crown prosecutors to obtain dangerous offender designations. The amendments provide, among other things, that an offender found guilty of a third conviction of a designated violent or sexual offence must prove that he or she does not qualify as a dangerous offender. This legislation was passed in 2008. Under previous legislation, the Crown had to prove that the individual qualified as a dangerous offender. The amendment reverses the onus for individuals convicted of three violent offences. Such individuals must now demonstrate to a court that despite the three convictions, they should not be designated as dangerous offenders.

As of 2019–2020, there were 874 persons with the dangerous offender designation. Of these 874 designated offenders, 743 (85%) were in custody, whereas 131 (15%) were on conditional release in the community.

Canadian courts also have the option of designating convicts "long term offenders". A hearing is held after sentencing, and, if a judge rules the accused is likely to re-offend after release, a 10-year period of community supervision is required after the sentence is completed.

Denmark
In Denmark, offenders who commit dangerous crimes, such as murder, arson, assault, rape, child molestation or robbery may receive a "custody sentence" (forvaringsdom), which lacks a definite time period. This sentence is often bestowed on offenders with deviant personalities (for example, antisocial personality disorder). The detainees are typically housed in the Institution of Herstedvester. There are periodic pardoning reviews and on average the offenders serve 14 years and 7 months before being released.

England and Wales
In England and Wales, the sentencing of dangerous offenders is governed by the Sentencing Act 2020. It was governed by of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, until the repeal of those sections by the Sentencing Act 2020.

The assessment of dangerousness is a statutory part of the law on a defendant being sentenced for specified violent, sexual or terrorism offences. The court may take into account as prior convictions that the offender has, from a court in any place in the world, as well as information about a pattern of behaviour, including in which any offences, either the ones on trial or previously tried, have involved. Previous proceedings that could be taken into account are disciplinary proceedings or convictions if the person was part of the armed forces, or any civil proceedings. The court should consider the level of danger the public are at risk to by the defendant and whether there is a 'reliable estimate' of how long they will remain a danger.

Case law

 * Lang and others provides that for a person to be dangerous, the risk a person poses must be considerable. It should not be assumed that a significant risk exists because a 'foreseen offence is serious'.
 * Johnson provides that the existence of previous convictions does 'not compel such a finding' in the same way the absence of previous convictions does not preclude a defendant from being found dangerous.
 * R v Considine; R v Davis provides that the crucial word in assessing dangerousness is 'information', meaning that this is not restricted to evidence, previous convictions of behavioural patterns of a defendant. However, it is not appropriate for a Newton hearing to decide 'whether the defendant had committed a discrete, but similar, offence to the one before the court', just for the purpose of assessing dangerousness.

United States
In the United States, "Dangerous offender" statutes are defined on a state-by-state basis and are applied at sentencing such that the enhanced "dangerous offender" sentence stems from the original illegal activity. A person under "dangerous offender" sentencing is typically held for a minimum term that coincides with the sentence the person would have received without the "dangerous offender" sentence, and thereafter is subject to review of the person's state of mind as a determination of eligibility for release.

Alternatively, a person can be civilly committed if a judicial hearing determines that a concurrent mental disorder makes the person likely to remain dangerous because of a lack of self-control. This issue arose in the case of sex offenders in Kansas v. Hendricks (1997) in which the court did allow limited commitment; the court reversed itself on the very same issue in Kansas v. Crane (2002) imposing much stricter commitment standards and a higher burden of proof. Various state and federal sex offender registry laws impose additional post-conviction requirements for sex offenders.

Known criminals designated as dangerous offenders

 * Garry David (Australia)
 * Johnson Aziga (Uganda/Canada)
 * Paul Bernardo (Canada)
 * Paul Brumfitt (England)
 * Stanley James Tippett (Canada)
 * Terry Driver (Canada)
 * Thomas Silverstein (United States of America)
 * William Chandler Shrubsall (United States of America)

title: Dangerous offender


text:
User:AllyUnion/Vars

[ ]

title: User:AllyUnion/Vars


text:
Route 15 (Rhode Island–Massachusetts)

Route 15 is a state highway in the U.S. states of Rhode Island and Massachusetts. The highway runs 8.3 mi from U.S. Route 44 (US 44) in North Providence, Rhode Island east through Pawtucket to the Massachusetts state line, where the highway continues for 0.23 mi to Route 152 in Seekonk.

North Providence, Rhode Island
Route 15 begins in the commercial center of Centerdale on the western edge of the town of North Providence. The state highway begins as a one-lane eastbound street at eastbound US 44 (Smith Avenue). Route 15 becomes two-way at its intersection with westbound US 44 (Centerdale Bypass), which leads to Route 104 (Waterman Avenue). The highway heads east as Mineral Spring Avenue, a two-lane road with frequent center turn lanes, through a densely populated suburban area. Route 15 intersects Smithfield Road and Route 7 (Douglas Avenue) while crossing the town from west to east. On the east side of North Providence, the highway has a three-quarter diamond interchange with Route 146 (Louisquisset Pike); there is no ramp from Route 15 to northbound Route 146. The missing movement is provided via Route 246 (Charles Avenue), which the highway meets east of the interchange and where the center turn lane ceases.

Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Route 15 leaves North Providence and enters the city of Pawtucket between Route 246 and Route 126 (Smithfield Avenue). The highway crosses the Moshassuck River, has a grade crossing of a Providence and Worcester Railroad rail spur, and intersects Route 122 (Lonsdale Avenue) just before crossing over Amtrak's Northeast Corridor.

At the western edge of downtown Pawtucket, Mineral Spring Avenue ends at its oblique intersection with Main Street between Mineral Spring Cemetery and Mineral Spring Park, which contains the Collyer Monument. Route 15 splits into a one-way pair; the eastbound highway heads east one block on Church Street and north one block on Pine Street to Main Street, and westbound Route 15 follows Main Street. Route 15 continues north on two-way Pine Street, then turns east onto Goff Avenue, which briefly expands to a four-lane divided boulevard around its intersection with Route 114 (Broad Street) next to the Pawtucket Elks Lodge Building. The highway continues east on two-lane Exchange Street across the Blackstone River and by the Pawtucket Armory to Broadway. Broadway runs one-way southbound parallel to Interstate 95 (I-95) and US 1. Broadway's northbound complement immediately to the east of I-95 is Underwood Street. Broadway, Cottage Street, Exchange Street, and a crossing of I-95 one block to the south form a traffic circle that includes ramps to both directions of I-95.

Eastbound Route 15 leaves Cottage Street via a ramp to one-way southbound Grove Street, then follows Grove Street to one-way eastbound Armistice Boulevard, which the route follows for three blocks to the end of the one-way pair. Westbound Route 15 splits from Armistice Boulevard at one-way northbound Denver Street, turns west onto one-way westbound Spring Street, then turns onto one-way Exchange Street to Cottage Street. From the eastern end of the one-way pair, Route 15 follows Armistice Street, which is two lanes undivided to a commercial area at its intersection with George Bennett Highway. There, the highway becomes a two-lane divided boulevard. Route 15 intersects US 1A (Newport Avenue) and becomes an undivided highway as it passes Slater Park and crosses the Ten Mile River. The Rhode Island version of Route 15 ends at the Rhode Island–Massachusetts state line at its intersection with Anawan Road.

Seekonk, Massachusetts
Massachusetts Route 15 continues east along Brook Street a short distance to its eastern terminus at Massachusetts Route 152 (Newman Avenue) in the town of Seekonk.

title: Route 15 (Rhode Island–Massachusetts)


text:
The Memorial

The Memorial is a 1932 English novel by author Christopher Isherwood. The novel tells the story of an English family's disintegration in the days following World War I. Isherwood's second published novel, this is the first of his works for which he adapted his own life experiences into his fiction.

title: The Memorial


text:
Chris Gomez

Christopher Cory Gomez (born June 16, 1971) is a former Major League Baseball infielder. He bats and throws right-handed.

College career
He played park league baseball in Lakewood for Mike Fahey. After playing baseball at Lakewood High School in Lakewood, California Gomez originally went to college at Loyola Marymount University, but transferred to Long Beach State and played baseball there in 1992. He was a selection for the All-America Team while at Long Beach State.

Professional career
Gomez was originally drafted by the California Angels in 1989 in the 37th round of the amateur draft, but he turned down the contract. He was not drafted until June 1, 1992, when he was signed by Detroit in the 3rd round of the amateur draft. His contract was purchased from the Triple-A Toledo Mud Hens on July 19, 1993, and he made his big league debut that night against the Minnesota Twins. His first major league hit was a triple on July 22 off Kansas City Royals pitcher Frank DiPino. He started in 23 games at shortstop and 17 at second base that year. After the season, Tigers news broadcasters elected him the Rookie of the Year.

1994 was Gomez's first full major league season. He was on the Topps All-Rookie team at shortstop. 27 of his 76 hits were extra base hits. His first multi-homer game was on May 7 against the Mariners. Gomez finished the year with a .257 batting average, 8 home runs, and 53 RBI. In 1995, Gomez hit career highs in home runs with 11, runs with 49, hits with 96, doubles with 20, as well as 41 walks. He ranked 4th on the team in RBI, hits, and doubles. In 123 games, Gomez only made 15 errors.

Gomez started out the 1996 season with the Tigers, but was traded along with catcher John Flaherty to the San Diego Padres for catcher Brad Ausmus, shortstop Andújar Cedeño, and minor leaguer Russ Spears. Gomez finished the year with a .252 average, 4 home runs and 45 RBI. He batted .253 with 5 home runs and 54 RBI, and also swiped 5 bases, in 1997.

Gomez was the shortstop for the National league champion Padres in 1998. In the 1998 World Series he batted .364 as the Padres went on to lose the series to the New York Yankees.

After the 2004 season, Gomez was signed by the Baltimore Orioles. However, they did not protect him for the Rule 5 draft, and he was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies. When the team found out Plácido Polanco was remaining with them, they allowed the Orioles to buy him back.

On August 9, 2007, he was claimed off waivers by the Cleveland Indians.

On December 4, 2007, he signed with the Pittsburgh Pirates.

On January 9, 2009, Gomez signed a minor league deal with the Baltimore Orioles, and was given a non-roster invitation to spring training. However, he did not make the team and was released on April 1. On January 31, 2010 Gomez officially retired from MLB.

Gomez's -1.4 career wins above replacement (according to Baseball-Reference) is the worst among all fielders to play at least 1,500 career games.

title: Chris Gomez


text:
Dog skin disorders

Skin disorders are among the most common health problems in dogs, and have many causes. The condition of a dog's skin and coat is also an important indicator of its general health. Skin disorders of dogs vary from acute, self-limiting problems to chronic or long-lasting problems requiring life-time treatment. Skin disorders may be primary or secondary (due to scratching, itch) in nature, making diagnosis complicated.

Immune-mediated skin disorders
Skin disease may result from deficiency or overactivity of immune responses. In cases where there are insufficient immune responses, the disease is usually described by the secondary disease that results. Examples include increased susceptibility to demodectic mange and recurrent skin infections, such as Malassezia infection or bacterial infections. Increased but harmful immune responses can be divided into hypersensitivity disorders such as atopic dermatitis and autoimmune disorders (autoimmunity), such as pemphigus and discoid lupus erythematosus.

Atopic dermatitis
Atopy is a hereditary and chronic (lifelong) allergic skin disease. Signs usually begin between 6 months and 3 years of age, with some breeds of dog, such as the golden retriever, showing signs at an earlier age. Dogs with atopic dermatitis are itchy, especially around the eyes, muzzle, ears and feet. In severe cases, the irritation is generalised. If the allergens are seasonal, the signs of irritation are similarly seasonal. Many dogs with house dust mite allergy have perennial disease. Some of the allergens associated with atopy in dogs include pollens of trees, grasses and weeds, as well as molds and house dust mites. Ear and skin infections by the bacteria Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis are commonly secondary to atopic dermatitis.

Dogs with the condition often present with erythema. The axillae, ventral abdomen, distal extremities, inner pinnae; and periocular, perioral, and perianal regions are commonly affected. Pruritus and inflammation may result in self-induced alopecia and excoriation. Otitis externa is present in half of all dogs with atopic dermatitis.

Food allergy can be associated with identical signs and some authorities consider food allergy to be a type of atopic dermatitis. Food allergy can be identified through the use of elimination diet trials in which a novel or hydrolysed protein diet is used for a minimum of 6 weeks.

Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is by elimination of other causes of irritation, including fleas, mites, and other parasites, such as Cheyletiella and lice. Allergies to aeroallergens can be identified using intradermal allergy testing and/or blood testing (allergen-specific IgE ELISA).

Treatment includes avoidance of the offending allergens if possible, but for most dogs this is not practical or effective. Other treatments modulate the adverse immune response to allergens and include antihistamines, steroids, ciclosporin, and immunotherapy (a process in which allergens are injected to try to induce tolerance). In many cases, shampoos, medicated wipes and ear cleaners are needed to try to prevent the return of infections.

Autoimmune skin diseases
Pemphigus foliaceus is the most common autoimmune disease of the dog. Blisters in the epidermis rapidly break to form crusts and erosions, most often affecting the face and ears initially, but in some cases spreading to include the whole body. The paw pads can be affected, causing marked hyperkeratosis (thickening of the pads with scale). Other autoimmune diseases include bullous pemphigoid and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.

Treatment of autoimmune skin diseases in dogs requires methods to reduce the abnormal immune response; steroids, azathioprine and other drugs are used as immunosuppressive agents.

Hot spots
A hot spot, or acute moist dermatitis, is an acutely inflamed and infected area of skin irritation created and made worse by a dog licking and biting at itself. A hot spot can manifest and spread rapidly in a matter of hours, as secondary Staphylococcus infection causes the top layers of the skin to break down and pus becomes trapped in the hair. Hot spots can be treated with corticosteroid medications and oral or topical antibiotic applications, as well as clipping hair from around the lesion. Underlying causes include flea allergy dermatitis or other allergic skin diseases. Dogs with thick undercoats are most susceptible to developing hot spots.

Acral lick granulomas
Lick granulomas are raised, usually ulcerated areas on a dog's extremity caused by the dog's own incessant, compulsive licking. Compulsive licking is defined as licking in excess of that required for standard grooming or exploration, and represents a change in the animal's typical behavior and interferes with other activities or functions (e.g., eating, drinking, playing, interacting with people) and cannot easily be interrupted.

Infectious skin diseases
Infectious skin diseases of dogs include contagious and non-contagious infections or infestations. Contagious infections include parasitic, bacterial, fungal and viral skin diseases.

One of the most common contagious parasitic skin diseases is Sarcoptic mange (scabies). Another is mange caused by Demodex mites (Demodicosis), though this form of mange is not contagious. Another contagious infestation is caused by a mite, Cheyletiella. Dogs can be infested with contagious lice.

Other ectoparasites, including flea and tick infestations are not considered directly contagious but are acquired from an environment where other infested hosts have established the parasite's life cycle.

Ringworm is a fungal infection that can be contagious to other dogs as well as humans. It is one of the most frequent skin diseases. A dog can become infected by direct contact with another infected dog, brushing up against a surface that an infected dog has touched, as well as coming in contact with species of ringworm that live in the soil. Ringworm is round, or ringed in shape. Symptoms of ringworm can include hair loss on the sections of the infected area(s), itchiness (may or may not occur), Ringworm tends to occur more in puppies than adult dogs. Ringworm is not a life-threatening condition but a veterinarian visit is usually needed in order to confirm the diagnosis and be prescribed a topical or oral medication for the ringworm. Non-contagious skin infections can result when normal bacterial or fungal skin flora is allowed to proliferate and cause skin disease. Common examples in dogs include Staphylococcus intermedius pyoderma, and Malassezia dermatitis caused by overgrowth of Malassezia pachydermatis.

Alabama rot, which is believed to be caused by E. coli toxins, also causes skin lesions and eventual kidney failure in 25% of cases.

Hereditary and developmental skin diseases
Some diseases are inherent abnormalities of skin structure or function. These include seborrheic dermatitis, ichthyosis, skin fragility syndrome (Ehlers-Danlos), hereditary canine follicular dysplasia and hypotrichosis, such as color dilution alopecia.

Juvenile cellulitis, also known as puppy strangles, is a skin disease of puppies of unknown etiology, which most likely has a hereditary component related to the immune system.

Lupoid dermatosis is a hereditary autosomal recessive disease that has been identified in the German Shorthaired Pointer and the Hungarian Vizsla. Clinical signs typically onset before one year of age. Dogs with the condition have a poor life expectancy and are often euthanised after diagnosis. Clinical signs include: facial erythema, crusting and scaling, skin lesions, lameness, ulcers, and disfiguration: it progresses to joint pain and azoospermia in males and disruption of the oestrous cycle in females.

Cutaneous manifestations of internal diseases
Some systemic diseases can become symptomatic as a skin disorder. These include many endocrine (hormonal) abnormalities, such as hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome (hyperadrenocorticism), and tumors of the ovaries or testicles.

Essential fatty acids
Many canine skin disorders can have a basis in poor nutrition. The supplementation of both omega fatty acids 3 and 6 have been shown to mediate the inflammatory skin response seen in chronic diseases. Omega 3 fatty acids are increasingly being used to treat pruritic, irritated skin. A group of dogs supplemented with omega 3 fatty acids (660 mg/kg [300 mg/lb] of body weight/d) not only improved the condition of their pruritus, but showed an overall improvement in skin condition. Furthermore, diets lacking in essential fatty acids usually present as matted and unkept fur as the first sign of a deficiency. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a well known omega 3, works by preventing the synthesis of another omega metabolite known as arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is an omega 6, making it pro-inflammatory. Though not always the case, omega 6 fatty acids promote inflammation of the skin, which in turn reduces overall appearance and health. There are skin benefits of both these lipids, as a deficiency in omega 6 leads to a reduced ability to heal and a higher risk of infection, which also diminishes skin health. Lipids in general benefit skin health of dogs, as they nourish the epidermis and retain moisture to prevent dry, flaky skin.

Vitamins
Vitamins are one of many of the nutritional factors that change the outward appearance of a dog. The fat soluble vitamins A and E play a critical role in maintaining skin health. Vitamin A, which can also be supplemented as beta-carotene, prevents the deterioration of epithelial tissues associated with chronic skin diseases and aging. A deficiency in vitamin A can lead to scaly of skin and other dermatitis-related issues like alopecia. Vitamin E is an antioxidant. Vitamin E neutralizes free radicals that accumulate in highly proliferative cells like skin and prevent the deterioration of fibrous tissue caused by these ionized molecules. There are also a couple of water-soluble vitamins that contribute to skin health. Riboflavin (B2) is a cofactor to the metabolism of carbohydrates and when deficient in the diet leads to cracked, brittle skin. Biotin (B7) is another B vitamin that, when deficient, leads to alopecia.

Minerals
Minerals have many roles in the body, which include acting as beneficial antioxidants. Selenium is an essential nutrient, that should be present in trace amounts in the diet. Like other antioxidants, selenium acts as a cofactor to neutralize free radicals. Other minerals act as essential cofactors to biological processes relating to skin health. Zinc plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, which aids in maintaining elasticity of skin. By including zinc in the diet it will not only aid in the development of collagen and wound healing, but it will also prevent the skin from becoming dry and flaky. Copper is involved in multiple enzymatic pathways. In dogs, a deficiency in copper results in incomplete keratinization leading to dry skin and hypopigmentation. The complicated combination of trace minerals in the diet are a key component of skin health and a part of a complete and balanced diet.

title: Dog skin disorders


text:
Wikipedia:Deletion policy/Postal district

=Conclusions=
 * 1) Given the sheer amount of postal codes, and their overlap with districts and areas, it is not practical (or even desirable) to do an article on each of them.
 * 2) Instead, articles should focus on a city, district or area.
 * 3) Making a list of postal codes for a country would be useful. There is some debate on whether this list should be in Wikipedia or Wikisource - however, as Wikisource appears not to be interested in these lists, it would be prudent to keep them here.

=postal codes=

Search UK Postal Code (PostCode) of Place & City names in UK (Zip code, Postcode). Postal Code

Attempted consensus
Sometimes, a group of similar or related articles is nominated for deletion over a short period of time. In cases like this, it seems prudent to have one centralized discussion about the entire group, rather than repeating arguments over each member thereof. This is an attempt to forum consensus on one such groups of articles.

Note that individual members from the group may still be considered notable on other grounds. This discussion is purely to determine whether membership of this group, solely on its own, is merit enough for inclusion in Wikipedia.

Description

 * BR1 - BR2 - BR3 - BR4 - BR5 - BR6 - BR7 - BR8
 * CR0 - CR2 - CR3 - CR4 - CR5 - CR6 - CR7 - CR8 - CR9
 * EN1 - etc.
 * SM1 - SM2 - SM3 - SM4 - SM5 - SM6 - SM7
 * TW1 - etc.

 * London E1 – London E18
 * London EC1 – London EC4
 * London SE2 – London SE28
 * London SW4 – London SW18
 * London WC1, London WC2, London N14, London NW3.

Arguments for deletion
PatGallacher 16:49, 2005 Mar 6 (UTC)
 * What possible encyclopedic purpose is served by having a separate article for each postal code in London?  Any conceivable purpose is going to be better served by simply enumerating the codes in the article on London postal district, in conjunction with the map.    The articles that have been created are all stubs (at least every one that I checked was), and they  are incapable of expansion.  What more can be said about EN1 than "EN1 is the postcode for Enfield in the London Borough of Enfield in north London", which is the entire content of that article?  --BM 19:19, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh my goodness, please no! In the USA alone, there are potentially 100,000 postal codes. Personally, I don't want to see one for 94117, 17301, 17103, or 94301 (all of which I have lived or worked in) or any others. Furthermore, most postal systems in developed countries have tools for locating postal codes on the internet. Wikipedia, in my opinion, must certainly not become a postal code directory. What's next, phone numbers? Not even exchanges, thank you very much! (For those who are unfamiliar with that terminology, in the USA a telephone exchange is the set of all phone numbers in the same area code with the same three-number prefix.) If any of that strong/weak vote stuff counts, please make mine a strongest possible delete. HyperZonktalk 19:22, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Not even 90210? ☺ Uncle G 07:28, 2005 Mar 1 (UTC)
 * HyperZonktalk tries to think of a substantive reason to delete 90210 for the sake of taste, and can not. Drat! ;) HyperZonktalk 16:29, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete There's no way that having aricles for every postal code in existence is either useful or encyclopedic. DaveTheRed 23:30, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia is not the Yellow Pages. Wikipedia is not a primary source. Wikipedia is not a telephone directory. This isn't even remotely encyclopedic, and having a separate article for each code is worse. I could imagine a single article listing some conventions, e.g. anything starting with 2 = near Rotterdam, 3 = near The Hague, etc. But not every individual code. Radiant! 08:31, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, of course. The map and lists in London postal district are sufficient, if not excessive.  As far as I'm aware, there's only one notable postal code in the entire world, and that's 90210. --Carnildo 19:10, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete It was actually me who started this by putting the vfd entry on the page, I'm afraid I wasn't very confident of the procedure here, but I have now come back to this.  I don't know the exact number, but I can assure people outside the United Kingdom that there must be several hundred of these 3-figure part-postcodes, the mind boggles at having an entry for all of them.  Do we then have similar hundreds of articles on the postcodes of other countries as well?  There is nothing wrong with having a single article on the UK postcode system.
 * Delete Hate to say it, but this is not a dumping ground for absolute idiocy.notanotheridiot

Arguments for keeping

 * "It is common to use postal districts as placenames in London, particularly in the property market: a property may be described as being "in N11". They are a convenient shorthand for social status..." (from London postal district). Kappa 20:21, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You've just made an argument for making all of the articles into redirects to London postal district. Uncle G 07:28, 2005 Mar 1 (UTC)
 * Not London postal district, because I don't think that article is going to describe the characters of each area. They could however be redirected somewhere which does do that. Kappa 13:48, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * This argument is true of the old London postal districts - the S, N, SW, E, EC, NW and the like - that were based on compass directions. It is not true with the newer codes like EN, BR, and TW. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 06:25, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Arguments for merging

 * The titles are useful; eg. CR5 means nothing to me (even though I go into it almost every day) but ... Create one article for each two (or one) letter code (I think they call them sorting centres), eg. UK postcodes CR. The individual titles, eg. CR0 to become redirects. -- RHaworth 18:57, 2005 Feb 28 (UTC)
 * I am strongly of the opinion that these do not need to have individual articles, but they should be merged into one document, as I'm sure the basic underlying info would be useful to some. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 16:58, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * I too think that only one article with a map is enough which can contain all the info that these stubs have. so merge and redirect individual stubs into a postal codes country article. kaal 18:55, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * One article with a map and an explanation of the postal routing system would be interesting and could be encyclopedic. Discussions about the demographics of individual areas should be moved to the logical name for the covered neighborhood, town or borough.  Rossami (talk) 00:09, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge as outlined by RHaworth - I agree that what is there cannot be expanded and is of limited interest but people do use postal districts almost as alternative names for parts of London. This deserves some presence. Mtiedemann 23:59, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Specific postal codes (or telephone area codes, etc) should be deleted, but a list covering general conventions for and characteristics of postal codes would be useful. Using US codes as an example, we don't need to list where 01947 specifically is (if only because such codes are subject to change), but telling users that codes in the 01xxx or even 019xx range are in a particular region is helpful.  -Sean Curtin 03:12, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with London postal district. It's more useful to have the info all in one place than scattered everywhere like this.  It helps you compare different postcodes if you can see them listed side by side. Miss Pippa 16:51, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect Individual nano-stubs aren't viable articles, but may have some marginal utility as redirects.  Alai 05:18, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect, by district. Merge all the BRs into a single article, all the CRs into a single article, and so on. There would be around a dozen articles for the whole of outer London, which is adequate. Grutness|hello? [[Image:Grutness.jpg|25px|]] 06:22, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

BR1
I didn't put the vfd tag on this page and oppose deletion, but the vfd job has only been half-completed, so I am moving it along... Mtiedemann 17:55, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep - this is part of Wikiproject London, with many other London postal districts in the series. Mtiedemann 16:05, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- You are kidding, aren't you?  There isn't a "wikiproject" to add an article on every London postcode to the Wikipedia, is there?    If so, where is the Wikiprojects for Deletion page?  --BM 19:00, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text: Category:Architecture in Hong Kong

title: Category:Architecture in Hong Kong


text:
Gérard Pierre-Charles

Gérard Pierre-Charles (December 18, 1935, Jacmel – October 10, 2004, Cuba) was a Haitian politician and former leader of the Unified Party of Haitian Communists. Pierre-Charles was also an economist and author.

In his youth, he worked at a cement plant in Port-au-Prince and organized a union there. In 1959, he helped found an underground Marxist party and went into exile in Mexico the following year. He studied economics there and subsequently taught at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Pierre-Charles helped organize the Unified Party of Haitian Communists. After the overthrow of Jean-Claude Duvalier, he returned to Haiti in 1986. He supported Jean-Bertrand Aristide, who was elected president of Haiti in 1991 but then went into exile after he was deposed by the military. Soon after Aristide's return in 1994, Pierre-Charles became one of his most vocal critics. Aristide's supporter's burnt Pierre-Charles' house down.

Pierre-Charles married Suzy Castor; the couple had three sons and one daughter.

He died of heart failure in Havana where he had come to receive medical treatment.

title: Gérard Pierre-Charles


text:
File:Bulguksa facade.jpg

Taken 1988

title: File:Bulguksa facade.jpg


text: User talk:82.131.23.230

title: User talk:82.131.23.230


text:
Petra Burka

Petra Burka (born November 17, 1946) is a Canadian former competitive figure skater and now coach. She won the 1964 Olympic bronze medal in women's figure skating and the 1965 World championship in the sport.

Personal life
Petra Burka was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on November 17, 1946, the daughter of Dutch figure skater and coach Ellen Burka and a Czech-born artist, Jan Burka. The family moved to Canada in 1951. Her parents divorced in the mid-1950s. Raised as Christians, Petra and her sister, Astra, were in their late teens when their mother told them about her background as a Holocaust survivor.

Career

Petra Burka began skating lessons at the age of 10 or 11. Her mother, also her coach, was advised by Osborne Colson of her talent.

At the 1962 Canadian Championships, Burka became the first woman to land a triple Salchow and came away with the silver medal. She finished 4th in her World Championship debut in Prague in the same year. The father of one of Ellen Burka's students, Stafford Smythe, arranged for Petra – who was in need of extra ice time – to train at Maple Leaf Gardens at 7 a.m. every day before the hockey players arrived at 9:30.

Burka won the first of her three consecutive senior national titles in 1964 and represented Canada at the 1964 Olympics in Innsbruck, winning the bronze medal. Unaware that she was expected to skate an exhibition, she was brought back to the rink in a police car just before she was called onto the ice. Burka became the first Canadian skater to perform in the Soviet Union when she appeared in a two-week tour in Moscow and Kyiv.

Burka won bronze at the 1964 World Championships in Dortmund. She was the gold medalist at the 1965 World Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado, becoming the first Canadian woman to win Worlds since Barbara Ann Scott in 1947. At the event, she also became the first woman to complete the triple Salchow at a World Championships.

Her other achievements were winning Canada's Outstanding Athlete of the Year in 1964 and twice winning Canada's Outstanding Female Athlete of the Year in 1964 and 1965. In 1965 she was also inducted to the Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.

Burka took bronze at the 1966 World Championships and retired from competition. She signed with Holiday On Ice, skating with the tour until 1969. Burka then took on coaching as well as being a commentator on figure skating events for CBC and CBS for Olympic, World, European and Canadian championships.

Petra Burka was inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 1995.

title: Petra Burka


text: Category:Hong Kong architects

title: Category:Hong Kong architects


text: Category:Haitian politicians

title: Category:Haitian politicians


text:
CCGS Frederick G. Creed

CCGS Frederick G. Creed was a hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard on behalf of the Canadian Hydrographic Service, a scientific agency of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans. The ship was built in 1988 by Swath Ocean Systems Incorporated of San Diego, California and entered service the same year. The ship was taken out of service in March 2020 and sold for scrap.

Design and description
CCGS Frederick G. Creed, constructed of aluminum, employed a SWATH system and was named after Frederick G. Creed, an inventor and pioneer of this technology. The vessel had a gross tonnage of 152 tons and was 20.4 m long with a beam of 9.75 m and a draught of 2.6 m. Frederick G. Creed was powered by two General Motors 12V92 geared diesel engines driving two shafts turning a fixed pitch propeller each. The machinery was rated at 2150 bhp and gave the vessel a maximum speed of 16 kn. Frederick G. Creed had a range of 870 nmi at 14 kn and had capacity for 15 m3 of diesel fuel for an endurance of three days. Frederick G. Creed had one 10 m2 dry lab aboard and carried one manually-launched rigid-hulled inflatable boat. The vessel had a complement of four personnel, composed of one officer and three crew.

Construction and service
CCGS Frederick G. Creed was built in 1988 by Swath Ocean Systems at their yard in San Diego, California. The vessel entered service with the Canadian Coast Guard in 1989 and is registered in Ottawa, Ontario and rated as a Mid Shore Science Vessel. It was homeported in Rimouski, Quebec and was used to perform surveys of the Laurentian and Maritimes regions. Frederick G. Creed was sent to Cape Hatteras to perform wave dynamic studies. In March 2020, the vessel was declared surplus and sold for scrap. Demolition was completed in December 2020.

title: CCGS Frederick G. Creed


text:
David Newhan

David Matthew Newhan (born September 7, 1973) is an American former professional baseball utility player who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams during eight seasons. He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.

After serving three seasons as the hitting coach for the Minor League Baseball (MiLB) Lake Elsinore Storm, Newhan was named by the Oakland Athletics to manage its MiLB affiliate, the Vermont Lake Monsters, for the 2014 season. He is currently a MiLB infield coordinator for the Los Angeles Angels after previously serving as the assistant hitting coach for the Detroit Tigers for two seasons.

Early life
Newhan's father is Ross Newhan, a baseball writer who received the J. G. Taylor Spink Award in 2000 from the Baseball Writers' Association of America and was honored during ceremonies at the National Baseball Hall of Fame. The elder Newhan spent 44 years as a sportswriter in the Los Angeles area, first for the Long Beach Press-Telegram and then for the Los Angeles Times, covering the Angels, the Dodgers, and the national baseball scene until his retirement in 2004.

David Newhan was an infielder at Esperanza High School in Anaheim, California. At Esparanza, he was teammate on the school's baseball team with Keith McDonald. He starred in high school, but only received scholarship offers at the Division II level.

College
Newhan attended Cypress College, a junior college, in 1992. His coach experimented by putting Newhan at first base. To prepare him, the coach had Newhan put on catcher's gear and then hit grounders at Newhan. Eventually, Newhan played the position the entire year.

After a season at Cypress, Newhan was recruited to play second base alongside star shortstop Nomar Garciaparra at Georgia Tech in 1993. Head coach Jim Morris had lied to him about the position, however, and he ended up playing first base. He therefore transferred to Pepperdine University the following year. At Pepperdine, he hit .313 with 15 home runs and 71 RBIs in 103 games in 1994 and 1995. He was All-West Coast Conference as a left fielder in 1995, after leading the league in slugging and home runs. He graduated from Pepperdine in 1995 with a business administration degree.

In 1993 and 1994, he played collegiate summer baseball in the Cape Cod Baseball League for the Yarmouth-Dennis Red Sox.

Minor leagues
Newhan was drafted by the Oakland Athletics as an outfielder in the 17th round of the 1995 amateur draft. He was primarily considered an outfielder until his second pro season in 1996.. Newhan hit .301 that season with a .538 slugging percentage, 25 home runs, and 17 stolen bases in 117 games.

In three years in the Athletics' minor league system, Newhan never made his way higher than Oakland's Single-A team, and despite signs of improvement, was traded with Don Wengert to the San Diego Padres organization for Jorge Velandia and Doug Bochtler in November 1997. Newhan batted .277 over two seasons with San Diego's Double-A team. He was promoted to the Padres' Triple-A team before the 1999 season where over 98 games he batted .286 with 22 stolen bases.

Through 2008, his minor league batting line was .290/.369/.464, with 109 home runs in 3,331 at bats. The Philadelphia Phillies added Newhan to their triple-A Lehigh Valley IronPigs team as a player-coach in April 2009, and he hit .275 while playing first base, second base, shortstop, third base, and the outfield.

Early career
Newhan made his Major League debut with the Padres in 1999. He began the 2000 season as the second baseman for the Padres, but hit for a batting average of only .150 and was soon demoted to Triple-A. While in the minors, he was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies for Desi Relaford. The Phillies briefly kept him at Triple-A before calling him up to the major leagues. In the off-season, Newhan was traded to his previous club, the Padres, who then traded him back to the Phillies before the 2001 season. During the 2001 season, Newhan appeared in seven games for the Phillies before injuring his shoulder making a play in the outfield. "I ran into a wall, and it didn't move", he said. He had season-ending shoulder surgery to repair a torn labrum on May 25. In October, he was released by the Phillies.

Newhan was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers in February 2002 and released in October. He signed with the Colorado Rockies in May 2003 and played in their minor league system, hitting .348 with a .392 on-base percentage in Triple-A. He became a free agent after the season. He then signed with the Texas Rangers. His contract included a clause requiring the Rangers to release him by June 15, 2004, if he were not on the Major League team. He was not promoted and subsequently earned his release.

Baltimore Orioles (2004–06)
The Baltimore Orioles signed Newhan in June 2004. He was hitting .328, with a .557 slugging percentage and 10 stolen bases in 10 attempts in Triple-A when the Orioles called him up. In 2004 with the Orioles, he had 42 hits through 100 at bats, and if not for a pinch hit appearance in which he flied out, he would have had a 21-game hit streak. He finished with a .311 batting average, seven triples (seventh in the AL), eight home runs, 54 RBIs, and 11 stolen bases in 12 attempts. He hit .343 with runners in scoring position and .400 with runners in scoring position and two out. One of his more exciting hits was an inside-the-park home run off Pedro Martínez with a runner on base on a drive off the center field wall on July 21 against the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park. On the play Red Sox left fielder Manny Ramirez cut off a relay throw by center fielder Johnny Damon.

2005 was a disappointment for Newhan. Because there were so many "everyday" starters on the Orioles, Newhan was relegated to the bench. He saw very limited action and struggled at the plate. Rarely playing on consecutive days, he claimed it was impossible to be consistent offensively. He was briefly demoted to Triple-A, where he hit .366. During spring training for the 2006 season, he batted .400. While the Orioles had planned to use him as a backup, they started him in seven of their first ten games due to his spring stats. He had seven runs, two home runs, and three stolen bases. On his third stolen base, he slid awkwardly and had to leave the game with a broken right fibula on April 17. Newhan was placed on the disabled list and was out until the end of August. He finished the season with a .252 average and four home runs.

New York Mets (2007)
Newhan signed as a free agent a one-year, $575,000 contract with the New York Mets on January 5, 2007, turning down an offer from the Chicago Cubs. Newhan was used mainly as a pinch hitter by the Mets for much of April and early May, but was given a great deal of playing time after that due to a slew of injuries that landed several Mets starters on the disabled list. Newhan hit .200, driving in only four runs (including a solo home run) with the Mets, as he played left field and second base. On June 8, the Mets optioned Newhan to the New Orleans Zephyrs. In July, the Mets recalled Newhan from the Zephyrs, sent him down, and recalled him once again. In 108 at bats with the Triple-A team through the end of July, he batted .358/.405/.569. Newhan was sent to Triple-A New Orleans after the season, but declined the assignment, making him a free agent.

Houston Astros (2008)
On January 29, 2008, Newhan signed a minor league deal with the Houston Astros, who invited him to spring training. Newhan split the season between the Triple-A Round Rock Express, where he hit .308 .with a .535 slugging percentage, and the Astros, where he batted .260 in 64 games (and .408 in games that were late and close), primarily at second base.

On January 29, 2009, Newhan re-signed as a non-roster free agent with the Astros, who invited him to spring training. He did not make the team out of spring training, and on March 29, Newhan was released. On July 23, 2009, Newhan was signed by the Philadelphia Phillies organization, where he spent the rest of the year in Triple-A.

San Diego Padres (2011)
Newhan signed a minor league contract for the 2011 season with the San Diego Padres, receiving an invitation to spring training. He did not make the regular season roster.

Coaching career
On November 10, 2014, the Tigers announced the hiring of Newhan as an assistant hitting coach. He remained in that position through the 2016 season and was replaced by Leon "Bull" Durham on October 21, 2016.

On December 1, 2016, Newhan was hired by the Los Angeles Angels as a minor league infield coordinator. He served as manager for the Double-A Mobile BayBears in 2019. In 2020, Newhan became the hitting coach for the Altoona Curve, the Pirates Double-A affiliate.

Playing style
Newhan's swing was compact and level, mostly generating line drives and groundballs. He batted from every position in the batting order, but mostly batted second through 2008. Newhan played all infield positions, except shortstop, as well as all outfield positions. Through 2008, he had played four games at first base, 57 games at second base, 29 games at third base, and over 300 games split among the three outfield positions. His range was average both in the infield and outfield, and he threw accurately.

Personal life
Nicknamed "Son of Scribe", because his father, Ross, is a long-time baseball writer for the Los Angeles Times, Newhan was a solid student while growing up in California and later at Pepperdine, but he never considered following in his father's journalistic footsteps. "Playing seemed a lot more fun than writing", he says. "My dad writes at home, and one thing I've seen a lot of is his cussing up a storm, yelling at the laptop. I understand what the sportswriter goes through. I don't think anyone has to worry about me pulling an Albert Belle."

Newhan is a member of the Pepperdine Waves Hall of Fame. He was born Jewish and raised as a Conservative Jew but converted to Christianity in 1999 and now considers himself a Messianic Jew. He injured his cervical vertebra 2, a potentially life-threatening injury, during a surfing incident in 2009.

title: David Newhan


text:
2005 World Women's Curling Championship

The 2005 World Women's Curling Championship was held from March 19–27, 2005 at the Lagoon Leisure Centre in Paisley, Scotland. The tournament was the first since the 1988 event to be held separately from the 2005 Ford World Men's Curling Championship.

The tournament was plagued with problems from the start. Ice conditions were not the best, due to a number of factors, including the arena being located adjacent to a swimming pool. Also, de-ionized water, a standard at major events was not used for the first draws, due to a refusal by the organising committee to pay for it. These ice issues led to the postponement of the fourth draw. Also, ticket prices were very expensive, leading to poor attendance numbers. Due to a dispute with volunteers who wanted to be paid, time clocks were not used. This meant that the on-ice umpire was allowed to pull rocks out of a game as a penalty for slow play. This arguably cost the Russian team a loss in one game.

In the end, it was Sweden, skipped by Anette Norberg who won her first championship, and Sweden's first since 1999, with a win in the final over the United States, skipped by Cassandra Johnson. Norway, skipped by Dordi Nordby won bronze.

Qualifying
Teams qualified for the World Curling Championship in a series of different tournaments depending on their location.

European teams qualified through the Le Gruyère 2004 European Curling Championships, held in Sofia, Bulgaria, December 4–11, 2004. Eight of the twelve qualifying teams (Sweden, Switzerland, Norway, Russia, Scotland, Italy, Finland, and Denmark) were selected from Europe.

Australian and Asian teams qualified through the 2004 Pacific Curling Championships in Chuncheon, South Korea. Two teams (Japan and China) qualified for the World Curling Championship.

The Canadian women's team was selected through the 2005 Scott Tournament of Hearts. The U.S. team was selected through the 2006 U.S. Olympic Team Trials.

Teams
The 2005 World Women's Curling Championship was contested between teams from three continents: Asia, Europe, and North America. The list of teams differed from the Men's Curling Championship. Teams included 1990 and 1991 World Champion Dordi Nordby of Norway and 2001 Silver medalist Anette Norberg of Sweden. Joining them in their 4th trip to the worlds was Olga Jarkova's Russian team, in their 3rd appearance were Yumie Hayashi of Japan and Diana Gaspari of Italy, making their 2nd appearance were Mirjam Ott of Switzerland, Madeleine Dupont of Denmark, Kirsi Nykanen of Finland and Kelly Wood of Scotland. Making their first appearance at the worlds were Jennifer Jones of Canada, Wang Bingyu of China and Cassandra Johnson of the United States.

Round-robin standings
*First Appearance

Draw 1
March 19, 2005 10:00

Draw 2
March 19, 2005 15:00

Draw 3
March 19, 2005 20:00

Draw 5
March 20, 2005 14:00

Draw 6
March 20, 2005 19:00

Draw 7
March 21, 2005 09:30

Draw 8
March 21, 2005 14:00

Draw 9
March 21, 2005 19:00

Draw 10
March 22, 2005 09:30

Draw 11
March 22, 2005 14:00

Draw 12
March 22, 2005 19:00

Draw 13
March 23, 2005 09:30

Draw 14
March 23, 2005 14:00

Draw 15
March 23, 2005 19:00

Draw 16
March 24, 2005 09:30

Draw 17
March 24, 2005 14:00

Draw 4
March 25, 2005 09:30

Originally scheduled for March 20, 2005

Tie-breaker
March 25, 2005 14:00

Page playoffs
For the first time ever, the World championships used the page playoff system where the top four teams with the best records at the end of round-robin play meet in the playoff rounds. The first and second place teams play each other, with the winner advancing directly to the final. The winner of the other page playoff game between the third and fourth place teams plays the loser of the first/second playoff game in the semi-final. The winner of the semi-final moves on to the final.

1 vs. 2 game
March 26, 2005 09:30

3 vs. 4 game
March 26, 2005 14:00

Semifinal
March 26, 2005 19:00

Final
March 27, 2005 15:00

title: 2005 World Women's Curling Championship


text:
Mustapha Kartali

Mustapha Kartali (or Kertali) was the main Islamist guerrilla leader in the Larbaa region during the Algerian Civil War.

Born in 1946, he was elected FIS mayor of Larbaa, a town south of Algiers, in 1991. After the military banned FIS, he joined the Armed Islamic Group's guerrillas in fighting the government, becoming an emir. In late 1995, however, he left it - motivated, he claims, by its atrocities, and objecting to the new leadership of Djamel Zitouni.

On July 21, 1996, he announced the creation of a new organization - the Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad (MIPD) - uniting ex-GIA dissidents with the Movement for an Islamic State (MEI) and Islamic Front for Armed Jihad (FIDA); in the announcement, he condemned both the GIA and the AIS. His area of influence was around Larbaa, up to about Meftah and Tablat; at one point, his group is said to have numbered about 300. The government put a price on his head of 3 million dinars. In 1996, his son was arrested, and disappeared.

He eventually aligned himself with the FIS's armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, becoming the head of its Katibat Errahmane brigade. GIA efforts to take revenge on him for his desertion have been advanced as a possible motive for the Si-Zerrouk massacre (July 1997), the Djiboulo massacre (December 1997), and the Larbaa market bombing (July 2002) around Larbaa. El Watan mistakenly reported on February 23, 1997, that his corpse had been found; however, he was in fact alive.

He soon joined the AIS's unilateral ceasefire of October 1, 1997. He and 150 members of his group ceased combat on November 8, 1997 and took the amnesty offered by the government in September 1999 (other members had already done so in December 1998). He went on pilgrimage to Mecca around 2004.

The amnesty he received angered some locals, who see it as leaving crimes unpunished. Notably, Amina Kouidri, leader of a local association for victims of terrorism, holds him responsible for the unpunished murder of her twelve-year-old sister in 1994. He denies this, blaming the murder on the GIA.

Nissa Hammadi (Le Matin 30 Dec. 2001) claims that he is estimated to have a personal fortune of "several billion centimes" saved from his time as a guerrilla, taken from donations and unofficial taxes; it does not give its sources for this estimate.

On August 14, 2007, Kartali's car was attacked with a bomb in Larbaa and he was badly injured, losing one of his legs.

title: Mustapha Kartali


text:
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title: User:לערי ריינהארט/tests/bugzilla:563


text:
Walter Young (baseball)

Walter Earnest Young, Jr. (February 18, 1980 – September 19, 2015) was an American professional baseball player. He played part of one season in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles in 2005 as a first baseman and designated hitter.

He was known for his large size and his ability to hit towering home runs. Young was listed at 6 ft and 322 lb., his weight was the highest ever recorded by an active Major League Baseball player.

Baseball career
Young was born in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. He played high school football at Purvis High School in Purvis, Mississippi. The Pittsburgh Pirates selected him in the 31st round of the 1999 MLB draft. Young turned down a scholarship offer from Louisiana State University to sign with the Pirates.

Young advanced steadily through the system, but before the 2004 season, the Pirates released him. He was claimed on waivers by the Orioles and assigned to their Class AA affiliate, the Bowie Baysox. Young recovered from a slow start in Bowie to hit 33 home runs and appeared in the Eastern League All-Star Game. In 2005, he participated in the Orioles' spring training and started the regular season with the Orioles' Class AAA affiliate, the Ottawa Lynx.

Young was called up to the Orioles on September 1, 2005, after batting .288 with 13 home runs and 81 RBIs at Ottawa. Since 2005 was the last year that he could be optioned to the minors without having to pass through waivers, the Orioles said upon promoting him that they would use him in September to see if he fit into their plans for 2005. Young played 10 games for the Orioles in 2005, finishing with a .303 (10 for 33) batting average, 1 home run, and 3 RBIs. In the offseason, Young played for the Tiburones de La Guaira club of the Venezuelan Winter League.

In January 2006, Young was designated for assignment by the Orioles, after the O's had signed first basemen Russell Branyan and Rafael Palmeiro. Young was then claimed off waivers by the San Diego Padres, but faced much competition for the first base job: although their regular first baseman, Mike Piazza, started the season on the disabled list, Young did not win a spot on the major league roster out of spring training; Adrián González became their starting first baseman instead. Young was sent to the Padres' Class AAA affiliate, the Portland Beavers, where he shared the first-base job. He started the season in a slump; and on April 25, 2006, the Padres released him.

On May 8, the Houston Astros signed Young and assigned him to their Class AA affiliate, the Corpus Christi Hooks, where he spent the rest of the season hitting .277/.309/.410 with 10 home runs and 60 RBI and alongside Hunter Pence lead the team to a Texas League championship.

On March 29, 2007, the independent Winnipeg Goldeyes signed Young. Young spent the full 2007 season with the Goldeyes, batting .313 with 21 home runs and 78 RBIs The Goldeyes exercised Young's 2008 option following the season, but instead he signed with the Sussex Skyhawks. Later in 2008, Young moved to the Sioux City Explorers and helped lead the team to the American Association playoffs, where he hit .367 with 5 home runs and 29 RBIs in 26 games.

In January 2009, Young re-signed with Sioux City and played for the Explorers until the end of June. In July, he signed to play for the Edmonton Capitals of the Golden Baseball League. After about a month there, he was released on August 17 to make room in the dugout. He began playing semi-pro baseball with his hometown Hattiesburg Black Sox in 2010.

Post-baseball career
Young, who had planned to pursue a degree in criminal justice with LSU before signing with the Pirates, joined the Forrest County Sheriff's Department and began working as a shift sergeant at the county jail. As of 2010, he was pursuing a degree from the online University of Phoenix.

Young died on September 19, 2015, of a heart attack. He weighed 450 lbs at the time of his death.

title: Walter Young (baseball)


text: User talk:82.131.21.106

title: User talk:82.131.21.106


text:
Frederick G. Creed

Frederick George Creed (6 October 1871 – 11 December 1957) was a Canadian inventor, who spent most of his adult life in Britain. He worked in the field of telecommunications, and is particularly remembered as a key figure in the development of the teleprinter. He also played an early role in the development of SWATH vessels.

Early life
Creed was born in Mill Village, Nova Scotia, and at the age of 15 began his working life as a check boy for Western Union in Canso, where he taught himself cable and landline telegraphy. He then worked for the Central and South American Telegraph and Cable Company in Peru and Chile.

The teleprinter
Working in the company’s office in Iquique, Chile, he became tired of using hand-operated Morse keys and Wheatstone tape punches, and came up with the idea of a typewriter-style machine that would allow the operator to punch Morse code signals onto paper tape simply by pressing the appropriate character key.

Creed quit his job and moved to Glasgow, Scotland, where he began work in an old shed. Using an old typewriter bought from the Sauchiehall Street market, he created his first keyboard perforator, which used compressed air to punch the holes. He also created a reperforator (receiving perforator) and a printer. The reperforator punched incoming Morse signals onto paper tape and the printer decoded this tape to produce alphanumeric characters on plain paper. This was the origin of the Creed High Speed Automatic Printing System.

Although told by Lord Kelvin that "there is no future in that idea", Creed managed to secure an order for 12 machines from the British General Post Office in 1902. He opened a small factory in Glasgow in 1904. Two years later the Glasgow Herald adopted the Creed system, claiming that it was three times faster than the rival Morse apparatus.

In 1909, in order to be closer to the Post Office headquarters in London, Creed moved along with 6 of his mechanics to Croydon. Working with Danish telegraph engineer Harald Bille, he established Creed, Bille & Company Ltd. in 1912, with Bille as managing director. After Bille's death in a railway accident in 1916, his name was dropped from the company's title and it became simply Creed & Company.

Creed's system received a major boost that same year when the Daily Mail newspaper adopted it for daily transmission of the entire contents of its newspaper from London to Manchester. In 1913, the first experiments were made in high-speed telegraphy by radio transmission between the Croydon factory and Creed's home about 5 km away. However, the outbreak of World War I in 1914 diverted the company's activities to military equipment.

In 1915, with production continually expanding, the company found its original premises inadequate and moved to East Croydon. It spent most of World War I producing high-quality instruments, manufacturing facilities for which were very limited in the UK. Among the items produced were amplifiers, spark-gap transmitters, aircraft compasses, high-voltage generators, bomb release apparatus, and fuzes for artillery shells and bombs.

Following the War, in 1920 the Press Association set up a private news network using several hundred Creed teleprinters to serve practically every daily morning newspaper in the UK and for many years was the world's largest private teleprinter network. Other companies followed suit in Australia, Denmark, India, South Africa, and Sweden.

In 1924 Creed entered the teleprinter field with their Model 1P, which was soon superseded by the improved Model 2P. In 1925 Creed acquired the patents for Donald Murray's Murray code, a rationalised Baudot code, and it was used for their new Model 3 Tape Teleprinter of 1927. This machine printed received messages directly onto gummed paper tape at a rate of 65 words per minute and was the first combined start-stop transmitter-receiver teleprinter from Creed to enter mass production.

Later projects
In July 1928 Creed & Company became part of IT&T and Creed retired in 1930, turning his attention to other less successful projects, including a mid-Atlantic "Sea Drome", first patented in 1919, and an unsinkable boat. He invented the SWATH (small-waterplane-area twin hull) before 1938, when he presented it to the British Admiralty, and was awarded a British patent for it in 1946. He died before it ever saw commercial development, the first vessel being launched by the Netherlands in 1968.

Death
Creed died at his home in Croydon in 1957 at the age of 86.

Commemoration
Creed's home at 20, Outram Road, Addiscombe, East Croydon, is marked with a commemorative English Heritage blue plaque, and the front wall also features a stone carved logo of the Creed Company.

The CCGS Frederick G. Creed, a SWATH vessel, is named after him.

Family
Creed's first wife was the Scottish-born Jane "Jennie" Russell (1868/9–1945), whom he met in Chile and married in 1896. She died in 1945, having borne 4 children. In 1947, aged 75, he married as his second wife Valerie Leopoldine Gisella Layton, née Franzky (1906–1994). One of his sons from his first marriage, Gavin L. Creed, was a minor poet. During World War II, while serving in the Royal Canadian Air Force, Gavin Creed published For Freedom (1942).

title: Frederick G. Creed


text:
Hura

Hura, or Houra (חוּרָה, حورة) is a Bedouin town in the Southern District of Israel. It is located near Beersheba and beside the town Meitar. The town was established in 1989 as a part of solution offered by the state for the consolidation of Negev Bedouin population, and was declared a local council in 1996. In it had a population of.

Hura is one of seven Bedouin townships in the Negev desert with approved plans and developed infrastructure (other six are: Ar'arat an-Naqab (Ar'ara BaNegev), Lakiya, Shaqib al-Salam (Segev Shalom), Kuseife (Kseife), Tel as-Sabi (Tel-Sheva) and the city of Rahat, the largest among them).

History
Prior to the establishment of Israel, the Negev Bedouins were a semi-nomadic society that had been through a process of sedentariness since the Ottoman rule of the region.

During the British Mandate period, the administration did not provide a legal framework to justify and preserve land ownership. In order to settle this issue, Israel’s land policy was adapted to a large extent from the Ottoman land regulations of 1858 as the only preceding legal framework. This enabled Israel to nationalize most of the Negev lands using the state land regulations of 1969.

Israel has continued the policy of sedentarization of Negev Bedouin imposed by the Ottoman authorities, and at first it included regulation and re-location - during the 1950s Israel re-located two-thirds of the Negev Bedouin into an area that was under a martial law.

The next step was to establish seven townships built especially for Bedouin in order to sedentarize and urbanize them by offering them what were stated to be better life conditions, proper infrastructure and high quality public services in sanitation, health and education, and municipal services. This was seen as particularly important since the birth rate of the Bedouin population in Israel is among the highest in the world - it doubles its size every 15 years. Not all Bedouin have agreed to move from tents and structures built on the state lands into permanent apartments prepared for them. Only about 60% of Bedouin citizens of Israel live in permanent planned villages like Hura, while the rest live in what Israel deems illegal homes and settlements spread all over the northern Negev.

Demography
Primarily members of three Bedouin family clans reside in Hura: Abu Alkian, Al-naami and Al-Nabari. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the population of Hura was 17,500 in December 2010, up from 16,600 at the end of 2009. Hura's jurisdiction is 6,646 dunams.

Unlike illegal villages with scarce access to water, electricity, and services, which are repeatedly demolished by Israel, Hura provides the residents with all their basic needs and the State encourages scattered Bedouin tribes to settle in Hura by selling them land plots with ready built homes at a nominal cost.

Education
There are 8 schools in the village (December 2009), among them "Amal", "Atid al-Nur" and others. Members of different families study in separate schools due to conflicts between families. Village members have an opportunity for a post-secondary education at an "Ahad" school that gives preparation for academic studies in the university. Girls living in Hura and studying at local schools show excellent results - a very large number of them pass school graduation exams successfully. Overall, 6.5% percent of Hura's residents have a college degree.

Health care
There are branches of several health funds (medical clinics) in Hura: Leumit and Clalit as well as several perinatal (baby) care centers Tipat Halav.

Economy
There is an operating industrial park in Hura with some 60 industrial plots giving jobs to hundreds of village members. It is supposed to be extended in the coming years. This industrial park offers employment and output opportunities to the community members who decide to move to Hura. In March 2012, Bezeq launched a women-only call center which supports its internet service division, in an effort to reduce the unemployment rate of Bedouin women. The initial proposal was made by Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labor and JDC-Israel.

In March 2012 The Bezeq telecommunications group in cooperation with the Industry, Trade and Labor Ministry launched a new call center inside a Hura mosque as a part of an effort to combat female unemployment in the Negev Bedouin community. It provides assistance to Internet customers. The call center is managed and operated by 50 Bedouin women, mostly from Hura, but is supposed to employ more women in the future.

There are also accelerators in Hura to foster new business ventures in the area.

Community projects
There are several community projects in Hura. Most of them are grass-roots, but supported by the state. Among them - "Women in Hura" (120 local women prepare meals for the schoolchildren) a business that makes an annual revenue of three million dollars, "Green Hura" (NIS 1.5 million shekels invested in planting of greenery and improving the appearance of the village), "Wadi Attir" (a farm for ecological agriculture and tourism), a textile processing, sewing and clothes production course for Bedouin women, and others.

Mayors

 * Dr. Muhammad Al-Nabari (2005–present)

title: Hura


text:
David Hickman (musician)

David Hickman (June 19, 1950) is an American trumpeter, author, academic, and is widely considered one of the preeminent trumpet virtuosi of the 20th century. He is a Regents' Professor of trumpet at Arizona State University and past President of the International Trumpet Guild.

Life and career
David Hickman received his Bachelor of Music degree at the University of Colorado in 1972. He continued graduate work at Wichita State University where he was a Graduate Trumpet Teaching Assistant for two years (1972–74). His primary teachers include Harry McNees, Frank Baird, and Walter Myers. He also studied with Dennis Schneider, Armando Ghitalla, Roger Voisin, Oswalt Lehnert, and Adolph Herseth. He taught at the University of Illinois from 1974 to 1982 and then taught at Arizona State University (1982 - 2019) becoming a Regents' Professor of Music in 1989. He has been a member of the Saint Louis Brass Quintet (11 yrs.), Wichita Brass Quintet (2 yrs.), Illinois Brass Quintet (8 yrs.), Baroque Consort, Summit Brass, and the Illinois Contemporary Chamber Players.

Hickman has released 19 solo albums encompassing a wide variety of repertoire – from cornet solos by Clarke, Levy, and others, to modern concerti by Planel, Baker, and Plog; from Baroque works of Bach, Telemann, and Hertel, to recital pieces by Chance, Dello Joio, and Méndez; from contemporary works to fun Christmas medleys. He is credited with presenting the first modern-day performance on keyed trumpet, performing the second and third movements of Joseph Haydn's Concerto for Trumpet in 1972.

As a noted clinician and author, Hickman has presented workshops on over 300 major university campuses. He has taught (13 summers) at the Banff Centre for the Arts (Canada), Bremen Trumpet Days (Germany), Rafael Méndez Brass Institute (36 summers), and dozens of music festivals. He has published over 40 articles and several important trumpet and music texts including The Piccolo Trumpet, The Piccolo Trumpet Big Book, Trumpet Lessons With David Hickman, Vols. 1–5, and Music Speed Reading, a sight-reading method widely used among instrumentalists. David Hickman is author of Trumpet Pedagogy: A Compendium of Modern Teaching Techniques and "Trumpet Greats: A Biographical Dictionary."

As an orchestral musician, Hickman performed as Principal Trumpet of the National Repertory Orchestra (1971 and 1972), Associate Principal of the Wichita Symphony (1972–1974), Principal of the Brevard Music Center Orchestra (1975), member, Tanglewood Fellowship Orchestra (1974), and Principal of the Champaign-Urbana Symphony (1974–80). He has also performed with the Saint Louis Symphony, Los Angeles Philharmonic, and the Phoenix Symphony Orchestra.

Hickman is founder and president of Summit Brass, a large all-star American brass ensemble dubbed by the press as the "Dream Team of Brass." Summit Brass has released 10 CDs, (many on the Summit Records label he helped establish), toured the world, and hosted the annual Rafael Méndez Brass Institute which has helped thousands of aspiring brass musicians. He served as president of the International Trumpet Guild from 1977 to 1979, and in 2005 received the International Trumpet Guild's prestigious Award of Merit. He was also awarded the ITG's Honorary Award in 2017, and is the only person to date to receive both of ITG's top awards.

Solo

 * Masterclass Series: Classical Trumpet (Summit, 2008)
 * Masterclass Series: Baroque Trumpet (Summit, 2007)
 * ''Trumpet Fiesta (with Arturo Sandoval, Wayne Bergeron, and others) (Summit, 2011
 * A Cool Brassy Night at the North Pole (Summit, 1998)
 * A Brassy Night at the Opera (Summit, 1997)
 * David Hickman performs three trumpet concertos (Summit, 1997)
 * Splendor and the Brass (Summit, 1997)
 * Hope's Journey: The Music of Michael Conway Baker (Summit, 1995)
 * The Golden Age of Brass, Vol. II (Summit, 1993)
 * The Naples Philharmonic (featuring David Hickman, trumpet) (Summit, 1993)
 * The Golden Age of Brass (Summit, 1992)
 * Intimate Baroque (Summit, 1992)
 * David Hickman, Trumpet (Crystal, 1990)
 * Baroque Consort (Crystal, 1979)
 * David Hickman, Trumpet (Crystal, 1976)
 * David Hickman Goes on Record (Crystal, 1975)
 * David Hickman, Trumpet (with the Denver Festival Chamber Orchestra) (Clarino, 1974)
 * Concertos for Trumpet (Clarino, 1973)

Chamber

 * Summit Brass Night: Live in Colorado (Summit, 2008)
 * Summit Brass Live (Summit, 2003)
 * Music of Howard Bradshaw (CBC Records, 1999)
 * Spirits of Fire (Summit, 1998)
 * Paving the Way (Summit, 1994)
 * Ensemble 21 (Summit, 1993)
 * Delights (Summit, 1993)
 * Saint-Saëns Chamber Music (Summit, 1992)
 * American Tribute (Summit, 1992)
 * Baroque Brass (Summit, 1992)
 * Hindemith: Complete Works for Brass (Summit, 1991)
 * Windows (Crystal, 1991)
 * The Saint Louis Brass Quintet (Crystal, 1990)
 * Colors for Brass (Summit, 1990)
 * Tuba 'n Spice (1989)
 * Toccata & Fugue (Summit, 1989)
 * All American Brass (Pro Arte, 1987)
 * Episodes (Pro Arte, 1986)
 * Carnival for Brass (Pro Arte, 1985)

title: David Hickman (musician)


text:
Larry Bigbie

Larry Robert Bigbie (born November 4, 1977) is an American former professional baseball first baseman and outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball from 2001 through 2006 for the Baltimore Orioles, Colorado Rockies, and St. Louis Cardinals.

Career
Bigbie attended Ball State University. In 1998, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Wareham Gatemen of the Cape Cod Baseball League.

Bigbie was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles in the 1st round (21st pick overall) of the 1999 Major League Baseball amateur draft and played over four years (2001–2005) for the Orioles before being traded during the 2005 season to the Colorado Rockies.

Bigbie played the remainder of 2005 season for the Rockies. On December 8, 2005, the Rockies traded him and Aaron Miles to the St. Louis Cardinals for pitcher Ray King. On February 2, 2007, he signed a minor league deal with the Los Angeles Dodgers. Bigbie exercised a free agent option in his contract on June 1, 2007, and on June 11 signed a minor league contract with the Braves.

During his six-year career, he posted a .268 batting average, hitting 31 home runs and amassing 322 hits in 375 games. Bigbie is an average fielder, but has an above-average arm. He batted .240 in 2006 with the Cardinals, also posting only 1 RBI, in 17 games.

In December 2007, it was announced that he had agreed to a deal to play for the Yokohama Bay Stars of the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

Bigbie made a comeback for the 2010 season, playing for the Edmonton Capitals of the Golden Baseball League. Bigbie was named the DH for Baseball America's 2010 All-Independent Leagues Team.

Mitchell Report
He was named in the Mitchell Report on Steroid Abuse in Baseball on December 13, 2007. According to the report, Bigbie admitted to purchasing and using a variety of performance-enhancing substances from Kirk Radomski from 2001 to 2005, including human growth hormone, Deca-Durabolin, Sustanon, testosterone, and anti-estrogen drugs. Bigbie was introduced to Radomski through former teammate David Segui. Segui reportedly instructed him on "training regimens and the use of creatine, a legal muscle builder, before teaching him about steroids and eventually injecting him with Deca-Durabolin". After he started using steroids, Bigbie gained 30 pounds while maintaining a body fat percentage of 7%.

title: Larry Bigbie