text:
Talk:Kim Dotcom

Relevance
How is what this person says about cryptocurrency encyclopedia worthy?--84.118.56.83 (talk) 21:16, 11 April 2021 (UTC)

Yeah, none of this seems like relevant or necessary information. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.248.244.13 (talk) 05:14, 11 February 2022 (UTC)

Call of duty rank number one claims
Since when has venturebeat.com been a trusted source?

Also online multiplayer games have numerous gaming servers, different servers for different parts of the world such as one for Europe, and one for North America, so if a person becomes number one, it would normally just mean they’re number one for that server/that part of the world.

Also the ‘in game’ number one rank changes regularly many times throughout the year, can even change daily so that rank isn’t the ‘official number one’. To achieve being the official number one you have to win at a special event/competition which are normally held at Las Vegas.

HardeeHar (talk) 17:46, 6 August 2021 (UTC)

 * These claims are widespread online, but I think they probably should be attributed that he claims to have this rank. I too have seen it in his interviews, it not only venturebeat. But we might not want to say it in wikivoice. Jtbobwaysf (talk) 18:32, 6 August 2021 (UTC)

You’re only officially ranked number one if you won the competition so he isn’t and was never officially ranked number one, he just made number one online on that server on that day and it possibly only lasted a few hours or even few minutes before his rank had dropped to a lower number and someone else was listed as number one. So I don’t see why it’s mentioned in this wikipage.

Every time somebody becomes number one online in COD is it going to be mentioned on the COD wikipage, no cuz that would be stupid and also because reaching number one online doesn’t make you the official world number one, so I don’t see why there’s an exception made for kim.

You mention the claims are widespread online, but the source of the info came from kim whom isn’t a wiki trusted source, and as ive mentioned he isn’t and wasn’t the official number one, he is mistaken.

The reason gaming company's have an official competition to determine the world number one, rather than going off the in game ranking system is because if you went off the in game ranking system there would thousands of people all over the world all claiming they were the worlds number one (just as kim is doing).

It’s also important to know that whilst kim, Wikipedia and numerous sources online claim kim was the world number one that year, officially somebody else was officially rank number in the world that year, a person who attended and won the COD competition.

HardeeHar (talk) 07:45, 7 August 2021 (UTC)

 * As a few housekeeping notes for new editors. Please use the colons prior to your response to indent your comments so it is clear this is a thread. I added three colons to my response here, as generally speaking you should have added two colons to your prior response to me (since I added one colon above to my initial response to you). This threading will assist other editors in understanding this discussion. Also please dont add blank space (as an apparently intended indent) to your signature, as then you are activating a quotation format. We dont use quotation format for a signature. Next regarding the content of your response, while your view of how a #1 rank is defined might in fact be true, it is not how we work at wikipedia. We use WP:RS to determine these things. And given that Kim is often referred to as this #1 rank (whether true or not), whether it is actually true or not is not of high importance to us editors. We use WP:DUE to make this determination. Jtbobwaysf (talk) 08:07, 7 August 2021 (UTC)

I think it’s a shame that somebody attended and won the COD competition and officially achieved the rank of world number one that year, and that persons achievement is essentially being taken away from them by Wikipedia and other online sources because they’re all citing kim whom wrongly claimed he was the worlds number one because he didn’t know and understand how game ranking system really works.

If every time a celebrity makes claim and magazines and websites print it, and Wikipedia then cites it, Wikipedia will become a completely untrustworthy source of info, this is why Wikipedia insists on using a trusted sources. HardeeHar (talk) 08:18, 7 August 2021 (UTC)

 * VentureBeat is considered to be "generally reliable for articles relating to businesses, technology and video games": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources/Perennial_sources For better or worse. Cortador (talk) 15:28, 21 November 2022 (UTC)

 * I've always thought that this looks like a clear WP:AUTO claim coming from Kim Dotcom in interviews, but since it appears in "reliable" sources it is hard to challenge.-- ♦Ian Ma c M♦  (talk to me) 16:37, 21 November 2022 (UTC)

"As he was a minor, he was given a two-year suspended sentence;[47] the judge of the case described Schmitz's actions as "youthful foolishness".[49]" - Reference 47 no longer exits, and the statement made here is wrong. Kim was not a minor in 1998, given that he was born in 1974. Angeloh (talk) 10:49, 15 June 2023 (UTC)
 * Can we just note that the subject claims he had this rank? Just his claim is certainly WP:DUE even if it is only self promotion. Jtbobwaysf (talk) 03:07, 19 December 2023 (UTC)

"Letsbuyit.com" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Letsbuyit.com&redirect=no Letsbuyit.com] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. — AP 499D25  (talk)  07:59, 25 December 2023 (UTC)

Description in lead
I think your edit here runs a foul of WP:BLP. Perhaps "fraudster" can be added to the lead, but it shouldn't be the sole description as he was also a tech entrepreneur, founding notable companies; it's what allowed him to carry out the various crimes he's been accused of. I'm indifferent about "political activist". Conspiracy theorist may be more accurate based on the sourced content.-- Ponyo bons mots 22:18, 8 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I agree, the term fraudster is not appropriate for the lead of this article, nor probably anywhere in the article body. Do not re-add it without consensus on this talk page and WP:BLPRESTORE applies. Jtbobwaysf (talk) 09:47, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Given that he's been convicted several times of computer fraud I think "fraudster" is a valid word to use. However, I do not think the change was correct in removing "Internet entrepreneur and political activist" as he has done much more than "fraudster". —Panamitsu (talk) 12:03, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

,, I have a hard time understanding your arguments. WP:BLP says content must be verified and accurate, not that it needs to be positive. There are many articles about living criminals being described as such. In this case, I am not quite sure what your objection is. Is is (a.) that you dispute that Dotcom is a fraudster, despite his multiple convictions for fraud?, or (b.) that you dispute that "fraudster" is an accurate description of a person convicted of fraud? Jeppiz (talk) 10:51, 9 February 2024 (UTC)
 * He was convicted of 11 counts of computer fraud in 1998 and given a suspended sentence with the judge saying his actions were due to "youthful foolishness". I don't think that justifies defining him as a fraudster. We already mention his conviction for fraud elsewhere in the lead. Burrobert (talk) 12:15, 9 February 2024 (UTC)
 * It's a matter of WP:DUE. To highlight only fraudster in the lead, above Dotcom's other very notable and well-sourced activities, is unbalanced. Our article on Elizabeth Holmes, for example, describes her as an "American biotechnology entrepreneur who was convicted of fraud in connection to her blood-testing company, Theranos"; the vast majority of her article is about the fraud, yet the the biotech entrepreneur aspect is still included as it's a critical part of her life and subsequent events. It's not that fraudster cannot appear, or is being whitewashed, it's just that it shouldn't be included in the lead at the expense of the other accurate descriptors.-- Ponyo bons mots 19:55, 9 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Furthermore it is not encyclopedic to use such labels in general unless the subject is primarily known for this. Jtbobwaysf (talk) 23:31, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kim Dotcom


text:
Category:Ice hockey by country

This is a category categorizing various articles pertaining to the sport of ice hockey by country.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Ice hockey by country


text:
Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva

Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva (Der Wahn und die Träume in W. Jensens "Gradiva") is an essay written in 1907 by Sigmund Freud that subjects the novel Gradiva by Wilhelm Jensen, and especially its protagonist, to psychoanalysis.

The novel is about a young archaeologist, Norbert Hanold, who comes to realize his love for his childhood friend through a long and complex process, mainly by associating her with an idealized woman in the form of the Gradiva bas-relief.

Freud considered the novel as providing a prime example of 'something which might be called "cure by seduction" or "cure by love"', as well as evidence 'that the Oedipus complex is still active in normal adults, too'.

Analysis
An isolated, unworldly individual, Hanold has 'repressed the memory of a girl, Zoë Bertgang, with whom he has grown up and to whom he had been affectionately attached'; but is unconsciously reminded of her by 'a bas-relief depicting a young, lovely woman with a distinctive gait. He calls her "Gradiva", which means "the woman who steps along"'.

After a dream about "Gradiva" and the destruction of Pompeii, Hanold 'leaves for Pompeii, where he meets a young woman, very much alive, whom he takes for Gradiva. In the course of the meetings that follow, he organizes his mania, stalking and interpreting signs (Gradiva appears at noon, the ghost hour, and the like). "Gradiva" seeks to cure him by gradually revealing her identity to him'.

The woman is of course Hanold's childhood sweetheart, Zoë; and 'fortunately his "Gradiva" is as shrewd as she is beautiful. Zoë, the "source" of his malaise, also becomes the agent of its resolution; recognizing Hanold's delusions for what they are, she restores him to sanity, disentangling his fantasies from reality' – it 'is only Zoë who can tell him that his archeological interest is sublimated desire for her'.

With respect to 'the final paragraph, in which Jensen has Hanold asking Zoë to walk ahead of him and she complies with a smile,' Freud put, "Erotic...foot interest"...By walking ahead of him in imitation of "Gradiva" on the plaque, she finds the key to his therapy'.

Later criticism
Post-Freudians vary widely on whether Hanold suffers from neurosis or psychosis, some emphasizing 'the way Freud offers psychoanalysts a model which shows "how to address the 'mad' part of our patients without neglecting the rest of their person"'.

Poststructuralism
Poststructuralist philosopher Jacques Derrida references Freud's use of Jensen's Gradiva in his own book-length essay Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression (1995).

Hélène Cixous emphasises the way 'Zoe is the one who brings to life Norbert's repressed love in a kind of feminine transfer'.

Gradiva Awards
The "Gradiva Awards", given by the National Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis, are named after Freud's essay. They go to the best works that advance psychoanalysis.

 * In 1995, Judith E. Daykin and Moss Hart each received the award.
 * In 1997, the award was given to British psychotherapist Carol Jeffrey.

title: Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva


text:
Tsing Kwai Highway

Tsing Kwai Highway is a section of Route 3 in Hong Kong, previously known as Route 3 - Kwai Chung Section. From its junction with West Kowloon Highway at Mei Foo Roundabout, the expressway runs in the form of a three-kilometre dual-four-lane viaduct atop Kwai Chung Road and Kwai Tai Road, circumscribing the container terminals to reach the Rambler Channel. Then, the highway crosses the channel along a 500-m bridge known as Cheung Tsing Bridge (or Rambler Channel Bridge), and ends at its junction with the Cheung Tsing Tunnel. Tsing Kwai Highway was opened on 19 February 1997.

title: Tsing Kwai Highway


text: Category:Ice hockey governing bodies

title: Category:Ice hockey governing bodies


text:
Ixtoc I oil spill

Ixtoc 1 was an exploratory oil well being drilled by the semi-submersible drilling rig Sedco 135 in the Bay of Campeche of the Gulf of Mexico, about 100 km northwest of Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche in waters 50 m deep. On 3 June 1979, the well suffered a blowout resulting in the largest oil spill in history at its time. To-date, it remains the second largest oil spill in history after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Accident
Mexico's state-owned oil company Pemex (Petróleos Mexicanos) was drilling a 3 km deep oil well when the drilling rig Sedco 135 lost drilling mud circulation.

In modern rotary drilling, mud is circulated down the drillpipe and back up the wellbore to the surface. The goal is to equalize the pressure through the shaft and to monitor the returning mud for gas. Without the counter-pressure provided by the circulating mud, the pressure in the formation allowed oil to fill the well column, blowing out the well. The oil caught fire, and Sedco 135 was extensively burned then scuttled.

At the time of the accident, Sedco 135 was drilling at a depth of about 3600 m below the seafloor. The day before Ixtoc suffered the blowout and resulting fire that caused her to sink, the drill bit hit a region of soft strata. Subsequently, the circulation of drilling mud was lost resulting in a loss of hydrostatic pressure. Rather than returning to the surface, the drilling mud was escaping into fractures that had formed in the rock at the bottom of the hole. Pemex officials decided to remove the bit, run the drill pipe back into the hole and pump materials down this open-ended drill pipe to seal off the fractures that were causing the loss of circulation.

During the removal of the pipe on Sedco 135, the dancing mud suddenly began to flow up towards the surface; by removing the drillstring the well was swabbed (an effect observed when mud must flow down the annulus to replace displaced drill pipe volume below the bit) leading to a kick. Normally, this flow can be stopped by activating shear rams contained in the blowout preventer (BOP). These rams are designed to sever and seal off the well on the ocean floor; however, in this case, the drill collars had been brought in line with the BOP and the BOP rams were not able to sever the thick steel walls of the drill collars leading to a catastrophic blowout.

The drilling mud was followed by a large quantity of oil and gas at a flow rate that was still increasing. The oil and gas fumes exploded on contact with the operating pump motors, starting a fire which led to the collapse of the Sedco 135 drilling rig riser. The collapse caused damage to the BOP stack at the seafloor. The damage to the BOP led to the release of significant quantities of oil into the Gulf.

Volume and extent of spill
In the initial stages of the spill, an estimated 30,000 oilbbl of oil per day were flowing from the well. One barrel of oil is equivalent to 159 liters (or 42 gallons) of liquid. In July 1979, the pumping of mud into the well reduced the flow to 20,000 oilbbl per day, and early in August the pumping of nearly 100,000 steel, iron, and lead balls into the well reduced the flow to 10,000 oilbbl per day. Pemex claimed that half of the released oil burned when it reached the surface, a third of it evaporated, and the rest was contained or dispersed. Mexican authorities also drilled two relief wells into the main well to lower the pressure of the blowout, however, the oil continued to flow for three months following the completion of the first relief well. In total, around 138600000 USgal were spilled throughout the roughly 10 months it took for the oil to stop leaking.

Pemex contracted Conair Aviation to spray the chemical dispersant Corexit 9527 on the oil. A total of 493 aerial missions were flown, treating 1100 sqmi of oil slick. Dispersants were not used in the U.S. area of the spill because of the dispersant's inability to treat weathered oil. Eventually the on-scene coordinator (OSC) requested that Mexico stop using dispersants north of 25°N.

In Texas, an emphasis was placed on coastal countermeasures protecting the bays and lagoons formed by the barrier islands. Impacts of oil on the barrier island beaches were ranked as second in importance to protecting inlets to the bays and lagoons. This was done with the placement of skimmers and booms. Efforts were concentrated on the Brazos-Santiago Pass, Port Mansfield Channel, Aransas Pass, and Cedar Bayou which during the spill was sealed with sand. Economically and environmentally sensitive barrier island beaches were cleaned daily. Laborers used rakes and shovels to clean beaches rather than heavier equipment which removed too much sand. Ultimately, 71500 oilbbl of oil impacted 162 mi of U.S. beaches, and over 10000 cuyd of oiled material were removed.

Containment
In the next nine months, experts and divers including Red Adair were brought in to contain and cap the oil well. An average of approximately 10,000 to 30000 oilbbl per day were discharged into the Gulf until it was finally capped on 23 March 1980, nearly 10 months later. In similarity to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill 31 years later, the list of methods attempted to remediate the leak included lowering a cap over the well, plugging the leak with mud and "junk", use of dispersants, and spending months attempting to drill relief wells.

Aftermath
Prevailing currents carried the oil towards the Texas coastline. The US government had two months to prepare booms to protect major inlets. Pemex spent $100 million to clean up the spill and avoided most compensation claims by asserting sovereign immunity as a state-run company.

The oil slick surrounded Rancho Nuevo, in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas, which is one of the few nesting sites for Kemp's ridley sea turtles. Thousands of baby sea turtles were airlifted to a clean portion of the Gulf of Mexico to help save the rare species.

Long-term effects
The oil that was lost during the blow-out polluted a considerable part of the offshore region in the Gulf of Mexico as well as much of the coastal zone, which consists primarily of sandy beaches and barrier islands often enclosing extensive shallow lagoons.

The oil on Mexican beaches in early September was calculated to be about 6000 metric tons. Based on reports from various groups and individuals, five times that figure is thought to represent a fair estimate of what had landed on Mexican beaches. Investigations along the Texas coast show that approximately 4000 metric tons of oil or less than 1 percent was deposited there. The rest of the oil, about 120,000 metric tons or 25 percent, sank to the bottom of the Gulf.

The oil had a severe impact on the littoral crab and mollusk fauna of the beaches which were contaminated. The populations of crabs, e.g. the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata, was almost eliminated over a wide area. The crab populations on coral islands along the coast were also reduced to only a few percents of the normal populations about nine months after the spill.

A study concluded that the most persistent problems were the coastal lagoons lining the bay, as well as the pollution of estuaries. Specifically, they had problematic effects on the breeding and growth of several different species of food fish species.

The oil washed ashore, 30 cm (1 ft.) deep in some places, as it was pushed north by prevailing winds and currents until it crossed the Texas border two months later and eventually coated almost 170 mi of US beaches. The beach that caused most international concern in Mexico was Rancho Nuevo, a key nesting ground for critically endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtles which had already moved inland in their hundreds to lay eggs. By the time the eggs hatched, the oil had reached the shore.

Fishing was banned or restricted by Mexican authorities in contaminated areas north and south of the well. Fish and octopus catches dropped by 50 to 70% from the 1978 levels. Other species that had longer life spans took longer to recover, and it took until the late 1980s for the population of Kemp's ridley turtles to begin to recover. Ridley turtles only produce a few hundred eggs each year, in contrast with the millions of eggs that shrimp lay.

There is much less information on the impact of the Ixtoc 1 spill on benthic species (bottom dwellers). The best studies were on the Texas coast over 1000 km from the spill. Massive kills can occur when oil reaches the benthos in sufficient quantity. The only indication of a massive kill may be the remains of the dead organisms, but if they lack hard parts there will be little evidence.

A report prepared for the US Bureau of Land Management concluded concerning the spill's effect on US waters: Despite a massive intrusion of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants from the Ixtoc 1 event into the study region of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf during 1979-1980, no definitive damage can be associated with this or other known spillage events (e.g., Burmah Agate) on either the epibenthic commercial shrimp population (based on chemical evidence) or the benthic infaunal community. Such conclusions have no bearing on intertidal or littoral communities, which were not the subject of this study.

title: Ixtoc I oil spill


text:
Talk:"Heroes" (David Bowie album)

Requested move 9 September 2015

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved. Despite a few odd comments by the supporters, there is a pretty clear consensus that the current title is ambiguous, both with the song of the same title and other articles that can be written as "Heroes". Jenks24 (talk) 16:19, 25 September 2015 (UTC)

"Heroes" → "Heroes" (David Bowie album) – In the previous RM, consensus opposed replacing quotations with parenthetical disambiguation. Over time, the album (last month) looks more viewed than the song (last month). However, I'm not convinced that the stats accurately make the album more popular than the song. Also, neither is more significant than the other. But if we can't remove the quotation marks, we can concurrently keep them and add parenthetical disambiguation for clarity. George Ho (talk) 07:52, 9 September 2015 (UTC) Relisted. Jenks24 (talk) 10:11, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * ✅ I wonder how many of those extra visits to the album page are in fact looking for the song, but land here because this is the non disambiguated page.--Gorpik (talk) 07:57, 9 September 2015 (UTC)

 * Oppose. I just Googled for "Heroes song".  The first WP article listed was the article about the song.  This article about the album was not even listed on the first page.  If I type "Heroes" in the WP search box I see first the album (undisambiguated) and then the disambiguated title for the song.  This is perfect.  Folks, nothing is broken here.  Nothing to see here. Disambiguating this title further (the quotes are natural disambiguation) is completely unnecessary.  A few editors like George seem to think ambiguous titles are inherently problematic, but can never explain why.  Let's not pretend that titles have more purpose and meaning than they do.  First and foremost they are unique identifiers.  It's important to understand and appreciate that if all of our titles were random totally meaningless strings, WP would work just as well as it currently does.  Meaningful titles are of much more value to editors than to readers.  Much like Gangsta. (which George also tried to recently change), this title meets all applicable requirements and follows all applicable conventions.  --В²C ☎ 15:02, 13 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Umm... forgetting Heroes (TV series), B2C? --George Ho (talk) 16:51, 13 September 2015 (UTC)
 * What about it? It is disambiguated, just as this article is by the way of the quotes.  08:10, 14 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I don't see how WP:SMALLDETAILS helps a lot. We have Baby One More Time, Like a Virgin, and Like a Prayer disambiguated because neither songs nor album is primary topic anymore. Both are equally significant. But we still have Hotel California as song and Fly Like an Eagle as album. --George Ho (talk) 09:14, 14 September 2015 (UTC)
 * WP:OTHERSTUFF is not very persuasive. Besides, those are mostly rare examples of particularly well-known albums and songs.  Let's find something broken to fix. --В²C ☎ 00:25, 15 September 2015 (UTC)
 * If you are going to use this shortcut very often, B2C, I'm going to propose a retarget soon. That way, it is no longer restricted or limited to deletion discussions. --George Ho (talk) 00:52, 15 September 2015 (UTC)

 * Support, and redirect "Heroes" to Heroes. Page Heroes shows many items that could be referred to as '"Heroes"' in quotes. Among that lot I see no reason for "Heroes" (David Bowie album) to be dominant and not merely another routine ephemeral pop music album. Anthony Appleyard (talk) 05:44, 15 September 2015 (UTC)
 * , you should know that the relative standard in title decision-making is not "what could be referred to as ...", but "what is referred to as in reliable sources...". --В²C ☎ 16:24, 15 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Didn't you know that, per WP:COMMONNAMES, an ambiguous title cannot be used for one topic, even when commonly used? --George Ho (talk) 22:09, 16 September 2015 (UTC)
 * That's not true when one of the ambiguous uses is the primary topic. This is the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC of "Heroes", achieving about twice as many views as the song use does. No other use has been shown to be referred to as "Heroes" in reliable sources.  --В²C ☎ 02:02, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * You got the stats wrong. It can include everybody, including readers who either read just the lead and then leave or don't read the whole article but then go to the song article instead. Sources mentioning both album and song: . Just the album: . Just the song: --George Ho (talk) 03:59, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * You misunderstood my point. No other uses besides the album and song are referred to as "Heroes" (in quotes) in reliable sources. This is a WP:TWODABS case, in contrast to Anthony's claim: "many items could be referred to as "'Heroes"' in quotes."  Between those two, the album is primary per page view stats. --В²C ☎ 16:37, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Have you listened to the album before? If not, why justifying primacy with misleading stats? --George Ho (talk) 00:52, 18 September 2015 (UTC)
 * What does listening to the album have to do with anything? Orange Suede Sofa  (talk) 01:45, 18 September 2015 (UTC)
 * It has a bearing on why someone would make finding the album difficult for those that have In ictu oculi (talk) 02:06, 18 September 2015 (UTC)

 * "primary topic": how long for? Most pop music is ephemeral. Anthony Appleyard (talk) 05:30, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * This song and album are still considered classics forty years after their release. We can safely assume that they will continue to be so for a few years more.--Gorpik (talk) 13:26, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * As long as it's the primary topic. No WP:CRYSTAL ball.  --В²C ☎ 16:37, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Support - the current title only serves to waste users' time, some books uses quotes, some don't, all use David Bowie, good grief. Keep relisting until enough common sense votes have accumulated to outweigh B2C's obsession with unrecognizable titles. In ictu oculi (talk) 01:47, 18 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Support. Both the album and the song are relatively equal and the proposed titles are clearer. older ≠ wiser 12:26, 23 September 2015 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 external links on "Heroes" (David Bowie album). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.bowiegoldenyears.com/heroes.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.bowiegoldenyears.com/heroes.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111107224423/http://infodisc.fr/Album_B.php to http://infodisc.fr/Album_B.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131103181930/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/david%20bowie/ to http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/David%20Bowie/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140221170926/http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1977.php to http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1977.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:01, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

Requested move 11 January 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Not moved. ToThAc (talk) 19:51, 19 January 2018 (UTC)

Quite frankly, I do not understand after all this time why the album and the song are stylized in quotation marks. I feel like this is just a way of stylizing the album and the song, and the proper title for both articles should be Heroes without the quotation marks. JE98 (talk) 04:11, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * "Heroes" (David Bowie album) → Heroes (David Bowie album)
 * "Heroes" (David Bowie song) → Heroes (David Bowie song)

 * Oppose Undoubtedly the name of both album and song is "Heroes", with the double quotation marks, e.g. per Pegg, Nicholas, The Complete David Bowie (7th edn.), Titan, 2016, pp. 389–92. (ISBN 9781785653650) Note also Roy Carr and Charles Shaar Murray, in their David Bowie: An Illustrated Record, Eel Pie, 1981, p. 92 (ISBN 0-906008-25-5), about the song in particular: "the quotation marks around the title [provide] an element of compassionate irony to what is essentially the purest love song that [Bowie had] written since the Young Americans album."  Then there's the fact that the name "Heroes" is visible in the infobox photo of the album's cover ... Nortonius (talk) 10:44, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Support annoying stylism. However the redirect works either way so not losing sleep about it. In ictu oculi (talk) 12:04, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I'm not sure that it is "stylism", in the same way as upper and lower case letters might be. It seems to be a valid part of the intended artistic expression. Wikipedia really isn't good with the niceties of punctuation and diacritics, is it, no matter how "annoyed" we might be. Martinevans123 (talk) 12:14, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Support . It’s just styling. An image search of “We can be "heroes" just for one day" shows no use of quotes, indicating that quotes are not essential for any purpose. Sometimes, another method of emphasis is applied, sometimes no emphasis at all. Some argue a nuanced meaning of “heroes”, but this is not supported by reliable sources. —SmokeyJoe (talk) 12:24, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Hmmm, I think we may have some tension here between the intended artistic meaning and the way it's been reported in media sources, even reliable ones. All media organsitions try to impose a consistent house-style, don't they? I think even some encyclopedias do that too. Martinevans123 (talk) 12:36, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * It does “feel” like more than styling. If the title had more words, we could be sure. But what about the lyrics. Why no quotation marks in the lyrics? —SmokeyJoe (talk) 13:12, 11 January 2018 (UTC)

 * I would suggest that there are no quotation marks in the lyrics because they are the lyrics; whereas this discussion is about the name of the album and the song. Nortonius (talk) 19:26, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * It seems possible that the lyrics are sung from the perspective of the people within the story, but the title is from a different, outside observer's perspective. (A description of the origin of the song can be found in the interview here.) While the characters inside the story are inspired to think of themselves as (temporary) heroes, the observer doesn't necessarily endorse that idea. —BarrelProof (talk) 01:47, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

 * That's exactly what I had in mind, thanks for putting it into words. Nortonius (talk) 12:52, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose, BarrelProof and his citation show that it is not just styling: NME interviews Bowie in 1977:
 * Charles Shaar Murray: Why does Heroes - or more accurately "Heroes" come in quotes? Are the inverted commas actually part of the title.
 * DB: Yeah. Firstly - it was quite a silly point really - I thought I'd pick on the only narrative song to use as the title. It was arbitrary, really, because there's no concept to the album.
 * CSM: I'd felt that the use of quotes indicate a dimension of irony about the word "Heroes" or about the whole concept of heroism.
 * DB: Well, in that example they were ...
 * As identified by Charles Shaar Murray, and confirmed by Bowie, they are indeed scare quote indicating the characters' non-standard use of the term. --SmokeyJoe (talk) 03:58, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose per comments above. The title styling seems to accurately reflect the intended emphasis and use of the quotation marks in the name of a work of art. Randy Kryn (talk) 12:28, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. The scare quotes convey a meaning here. Given that we can reproduce them easily in Wikipedia, I don't see why we should lose that meaning.--Gorpik (talk) 12:48, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Scare quotes, yes. —SmokeyJoe (talk) 13:15, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Interesting. I've never heard of the term 'Scare quotes', which seems a bit more scary than intended. Learn something new every day (or every minute). To make up a "thing", "Visible air quotes", or maybe "yeah, right", seem closer to the meaning implied by the title. Randy Kryn (talk) 13:21, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Comment: Note that the article includes a citation to an interview in which the interviewer comments about the quote marks specifically, saying "I'd felt that the use of quotes indicate a dimension of irony about the word 'Heroes' or about the whole concept of heroism." Bowie then confirms this, saying the title of the album came from the title track, and "The situation that sparked off the whole thing was - I thought - highly ironic." In most such cases of Wikipedia title discussions, we don't have the artist themselves commenting about the question. Note also that this song is included as an example on the policy page WP:AT, saying that in this case the quote marks are part of the title. —BarrelProof (talk) 01:38, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Yes indeed: this. Nortonius (talk) 14:53, 12 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Funny, it seems only this week that we are connecting the decision to a sourced justification. —SmokeyJoe (talk) 02:51, 13 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Apart from here in the article, you mean, adapting a quotation from Bowie that was added in 2008? Nortonius (talk) 14:45, 13 January 2018 (UTC)

 * I suggest these two proposals are both rapidly closed as "no move". Martinevans123 (talk) 15:01, 12 January 2018 (UTC)
 * You mean per WP:SNOW? Alternatively, there is no reason to rush this process and decision, and non-rushed decisions tend to be better respected.  —SmokeyJoe (talk) 02:51, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes, pretty much. I see that you have struck your own support. The only other "vote for support was from User:In ictu oculi, so perhaps he might like to reconsider too. But I agree there is certainly no rush. The current article title looks like the correct one to me. Thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 14:59, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
 * No thanks. But by all means close. In ictu oculi (talk) 16:05, 13 January 2018 (UTC)

 * The title of Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) is "Damn." (with the period) but was moved to the current title to remove the stylization per consensus. Why should this be treated any different? — Za  wl  16:18, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I've just read the section that explains the album title and it looks like Lamar has talked about why Damn, but has given no especial significance to the period at the end. Here we have sources where Bowie provides a meaning for the quotes.--Gorpik (talk) 16:49, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * This should be different because this is a totally different article and because the consensus is completely opposite? Martinevans123 (talk) 17:00, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * ... besides mention twice already of WP:AT ... Nortonius (talk) 17:14, 18 January 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Followup discussion
The album Damn., with a dot (and several other such cases, e.g. Gangsta., at Gangsta (manga)) are just marketing stylization. The quotation marks in "Heroes" and the song Heroes whence the album gets its name are semantically meaningful (like "!" or "?" in most titles of works that include one), in this case indicating irony/sarcasm. Don't confuse punctuation being present with whether the punctuation is encyclopedically meaningful. If I make an album and call it >>Chicken<< you can expect the title here, were it notable, to be Chicken (SMcCandlish album). If a song on it is called "Wanna Play 'Chicken'?" the interior quotation marks and the question mark would be retained as meaningful. — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  21:27, 19 January 2018 (UTC)

Heroes.. the inspiration
I heard Brian Eno in an interview the other day say that the inspiration for the song came from an elderly couple of alcoholics, certainly the lyrics would suggest that ? When Tony walked back into Hansa after the kiss, Bowie said, you’re in the song... Tony was slightly alarmed as he was married at the time.. Pdrm3r (talk) 21:40, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Got a link for the interview? Thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 21:47, 13 January 2018 (UTC)

February 2018
In my edit summary for this edit, there's a redlink: I intended the link to point to the move discussion concerning the quotation marks, "Requested move 11 January 2018", which at the time of writing is still here on this talk page. Just so you know. Nortonius (talk) 17:58, 25 February 2018 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 20:08, 11 March 2023 (UTC)
 * David Bowie Ron Frazier 1977.jpg

title: Talk:"Heroes" (David Bowie album)


text:
Lemonade (EP)

Lemonade is an EP by Wheatus, released in 2004, exclusively available at Apple's iTunes Music Store. It features live versions of songs that originally appeared on Wheatus's poorly promoted second album Hand Over Your Loved Ones.

Track listing

 * 1) "Lemonade" (Live) – 3:22
 * 2) "Anyway" (Live) – 4:09
 * 3) "The Deck" (Live) – 2:38
 * 4) "Freak On" (Live) – 4:44
 * 5) "Randall" (Live) – 4:18

title: Lemonade (EP)


text:
Talk:Lymington River

Comments
As a Brockenhurst local, I've never heard it called anything but the Lymington River, not the River Lymington, and a google-count supports this; so moved.

Relationship between the Lymington River and the Highland Water
As I understand it the water course is only called the Lymington River up to the edge of the Crown lands on the edge of Brockenhurst or thereabouts. Upstream of this point its the Highland Water, fed by various other streams (significantly by Ober Water), all the way to the north of the Forest where it rises from Ocknell Plain. Should there be separate articles for Lymington River & Highland Water? I would like advice before I do anything (I'm new to this). JimChampion 23:15, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

Having recently been to have a look at the area I mentioned above, its probably more sensible to say that the "Lymington River" starts at the confluence of the Ober Water and Highland Water at Bolderford Bridge west of New Park. JimChampion 09:33, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Just read this "New Forest Note" by Anthony Pasmore... pdf file, in it he calls the watercourse north of Bolderford Bridge "the Lymington River" and also describes how this stretch was straightened during Victorian times as part of drainage improvements. It is being considered for "restoration" at the moment. 86.144.74.13 21:44, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lymington River


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ernie Prang

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was MERGE and REDIRECT to Knight Bus. (This had already been done.) —Korath (Talk) 00:20, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Ernie Prang
Non-"notable" bus driver. The fact that it is a Harry Potter bus driver does not make it notable. It is fancruft, pure and simple. I expect this to get a load of keep votes but this will just prove that votes for deletion is a biased system and truly notable articles get deleted (Such as schools affecting the communities of tens of thousands people yet get deleted in favour of fancruft like this). Norman Rogers\talk 09:40, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * He's "important". Merge somewhere or failing that, keep. I hope voters will come back and vote on other 'fancruft' which gets deleted because it has a less high profile than this. Kappa 09:47, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The bus driver on my local 310 bus is also "important", after all he will transport thousands of communters throughout his career, yet he does not get an article. Norman Rogers\talk 10:29, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Your bus driver is unverifiable, and no-one would think to look for him in an encyclopedia. Kappa 11:13, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or merge. Anything Harry Potter is inherently notable. Being some of the most sold books ever and all. And schools are welcome. But not when the article consists only of its name and school district. Btw abusing the vfd to make a point? Come on.. Watch out for that wikistress :) Preisler 09:54, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * So anything "Harry Potter", a load of fiction (fiction as in not real) is "inherently notable" while people argue that schools are not, despite affecting more people than Harry Potter bus driver? This is more systematic bias, where fiction has a low barrier of notabillity. Also, many of the Harry Potter articles are stubs, yet schools have to be high quality articles and have to face a big debate to be included. Which is more bias. Norman Rogers\talk 10:29, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment. Your logic is basically flawed. By your logic everything should be here. Every McDonalds outlet have several thousand customers a day and scores of employees, should they have a article each? Water wells service thousands of people all the time. Powerplants provide electricity for millions of people. Receptionist and call center people talk to hundreds of people every day. Should every telemarketer have their own page? They certainly come into contact with a lot of people. And so forth and so on. Every single one of the 6.500.000.000 people on earth comes into contact with all kinds of people and services (such as schools) every single day. What makes schools special? My high school certainly don't belong here. But that not might not have been my viewpoint when I was in school where it seemed much more important because it took up so much of my time. The Harry Potter books have sold 250.000.000 copies worldwide... Preisler 11:16, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * My true point is not that my bus driver should have an article, but that fictional topics are given more space than "real" topics, in traditional encyclopedias it is the other way around. Of course the main characters such as Harry get and article, but the bus driver, which only a few fans cares about it not right. Replace fictional bus driver with "school" and you see the whole point. Minor fictioanl characters get articles while real, tangible entities do not. And you argument of 250 million copies does not hold. There is reams of fancruft for much less notable fiction, just look around, and it shows. The Geography of Madagascar, the forth largest island in the world is a stub, while Middle-earth, a fictional land is a featured article. The bias of notabillity of real and fictional objects is absurd. If fictional bus drivers who are minor characters are allowed articles, then so should secondary schools, shopping centres, stadiums, roads and more. Another thing, a group of notorius internet trolls known as the GNAA ha successfully managed to beat the VFD system, because they were trolling enough to make themselves "notable". VFD is broken, this article will be kept, another school will be deleted and more and more fancruft will pile up. Norman Rogers\talk 13:09, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The reason for inclusion is not the reality of topics, but the notability thereof. Since there are more people who have read Harry Potter books than people who know your bus driver, the former is more notable. That the Geography of Madagascar is currently a stub is unfortunate but not relevant since everyone agrees it should be expanded. Radiant! 13:35, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * The fact that Geography of Madagascar is a stub is relevent. People have been working too hard on fictional topics rather than real topics, therefore giving them a false sense of notabillity. Listen to people like Xed. He has been complaining for ages about this. More people need to stop working on fictional trivia and work on the important topics. People fighting the current bias are having an up hill battle. Once you start working in the real world topics you reailize wow big the world is. We have 746,163 articles in Wikipedia, but we have the potential to cover a lot more. Notabillity is still a POV idea, and fictional topics have artifiial notabillity. Think about it, the fictional work is heavily marketed, gobbled up by fans and gives an artifical sense of notabillity. That is the complaint. Fictional objects have a notabillity bias. The same thing applies to Internet-based phenomina. Many of these things are traditionally non-notable, but are "notable" becase of the medium the spread through, therefore bias. Norman Rogers\talk 13:58, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Being somewhat of a deletionist there's nothing I would love more than to see some of all those pokemon or digimon or whatever articles disappear.. And you're right, it is sad that articles like Mother Teresa or Atheism or all the fancruft gets so many man hours of work and energy while articles of a, lets face it, more befitting nature to a encyclopedia as the geography of madagascar remains stubs. But I don't think there's any hope of that ever changing as long as the demographic of Wikipedia is as it is. Fighting the bias might be something of a Sisyphus task.. But those pages just containing minimal information on the school still bug me alot. These Harry Potter stubs should probably be gathered together and, because we can't shoot them, collected in Minor Characters of Harry Potter or something like that.Preisler 14:29, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * What I meant by 'not relevant', is that the argument that an article should be kept because a given worse article exist, or that an article should be deleted because a given better article does not exist (or is a stub) is invalid. This is because those arguments can be equally applied to any article. Consensus has already been established that not everything should be in wikipedia, thus an argument that is equally usable to support every article, must therefore be invalid. I concur with Preisler, too. Radiant! 15:55, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)

 * Merge with some other page of collected harrypottercruft. / u p p l a n d 10:26, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * This is unlikely to evolve beyond a stub unless he ends up having a larger role in the next two books. I vote Merge if we have an article on obscure Potterverse characters.  If not, then go ahead and Keep it. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  12:27, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge unto something like Minor characters in Harry Potter. Radiant! 13:35, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure, he's notable by association, but giving him an entire article is a bit over the top. Especially, when there's really not that much to say about him. Articles should carry some info. Merge into List of minor characters in Harry Potter. He can still have his own article if he turns out more important, or if the article gets significant expansion. Mgm|(talk) 14:17, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sub-trivia.  Serves no valid encyclopedic purpose.   Almost anything is more suitable for an encyclopedia article than this. I agree with Preisler that the existence of such articles as this does make it seem like an uphill battle to make Wikipedia an encyclopedia instead of a compilation of miscelleanous articles about whatever people take the fancy to write about. --BM 16:29, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Subtrivial fancruft. Everything in Harry Potter is notable? What a joke. Wile E. Heresiarch 16:47, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Knight Bus or somewhere appropriate. Do not delete. Gamaliel 17:12, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Knight Bus already mentions both the driver and the conductor, which is practically all there is to say on the subject. --BM 18:34, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Fancruft is getting out of hand. We now have a full article for every character from every fantasy novel ever written, as well as anyone who has ever appeared in cartoon form, but notable subjects like Charles Darnay, Fitzwilliam Darcy, Mr. Rochester, George Babbitt, Captain Ahab, and Simon Legree have no articles (the blue links are redirects). If someone wants to kill the absolutely useless template, trim to a sentence or two, and merge to some Harry Potter page (I think we have one or two), I could live with that. (My comments are basically identical for the other bus driver listed below.) -R. fiend 20:24, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I mostly agree; book-related articles are fine, but minor characters such as the bus drivers are not deserving of their own articles. Radiant! 09:50, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Knight Bus. Megan1967 00:39, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete secondary character at best - Skysmith 09:13, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge, then Delete. This character isn't significant enough even for a redirect. DaveTheRed 22:02, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. ComCat 08:54, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and delete. RadicalSubversiv E 13:32, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Knight Bus, which already says all there is to say. (Note: Redirecting discourages recreation of the same article.) -Aranel (" Sarah ") 00:56, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Knight Bus. Redirect is cheap and tends to prevent future re-creation. Yes, actually, I do think that pretty much everything in the most popular English-language children's book series in history is inherently at least notable enough for a redirect. -- Jmabel | Talk 05:11, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Berkley Bridge (Virginia)

The Interstate 264 Berkley Bridge is a double-leaf bascule bridge that crosses the Eastern Branch of the Elizabeth River in Norfolk, Virginia, United States. It carries Interstate 264 (I-264), U.S. Route 460 Alternate (US 460 Alt.), and State Route 337 (SR 337) across the river, connecting the Berkley neighborhood south of the river with downtown Norfolk to the north. The toll-free facility is one of only a small number of movable bridges on the Interstate Highway System, and is the first of two in the Hampton Roads region, predating the High Rise Bridge. It is named for the former Town of Berkley that is now a part of the City of Norfolk.

History
There have been several incarnations of a Berkley Bridge. An earlier Berkley Bridge was built before 1922, east of the present one, along Main Street. A replacement for that span, in the present location, was completed in 1952 as part of the original Norfolk–Portsmouth Bridge-Tunnel project between the city of Portsmouth and Norfolk. The project was funded with toll revenue bonds. When the bonds were fully repaid, the tolls were removed.

In 1991, during an expansion of I-264, the Downtown Tunnel was expanded to four lanes and a parallel Berkley Bridge was built, bringing the total Berkley Bridge capacity to eight lanes. This construction included a new interchange for Interstate 464 which connects the Berkley area with Interstate 64 in the independent city of Chesapeake.

I-264 Eastbound
After exiting the Downtown Tunnel, and while crossing the bridge, all traffic for I-264 East has to immediately merge right with the two lanes of bridge on-ramp traffic from I-464 traffic in order to continue on I-264 E, while SR 337 Alternate(Waterside Drive) and St. Paul Boulevard traffic has to merge left for the left exit. Traffic for westbound US 460 Alt./SR 337 (Tidewater Drive) will use the left of the I-264 lanes to exit left immediately after the aforementioned split.

I-264 Westbound
On the Berkley side, I-264 and US 460 Alternate turn west through the Downtown Tunnel (under the Southern Branch of the river), while Interstate 464 begins, heading south, and SR 337 uses I-464 to reach surface streets.

Pedestrian Traffic
There is a pedestrian walkway on the eastern side of the bridge. It is suitable for walking or bicycling and offers a view of Downtown Norfolk and the Elizabeth River. It is separated from the roadway and is fenced in.

In 2014, news outlets in Hampton Roads showed YouTube video from bicyclist Kelley Howell showing where she was struck by a bridge tender's personally owned vehicle that, according to VDOT was traveling legally on the walkway en route to shift change. The cyclist was not seriously injured, however after the investigation, VDOT no longer allows the bridge tenders to drive on the walkway for their shift change, and in addition, will require the use of spotters when VDOT vehicles are required to drive on the walkway.

title: Berkley Bridge (Virginia)


text:
User:Crups

Some people just spell it wrong.

title: User:Crups


text:
Solid Gold

Solid Gold may refer to:

 * The property of being made entirely out of gold, rather than merely having a plating of that metal.

Bands and labels

 * Solid Gold (band), American indie electronic band
 * Solid Gold Cadillac, British jazz-rock group
 * Solid Gold Chartbusters, collaboration between Guy Pratt and Jimmy Cauty
 * Solid Gold Records, Canadian record label

Albums

 * Solid Gold (album), a 1981 album by Gang of Four
 * Solid Gold: 30 Golden Hits, compilation album by James Brown
 * Solid Gold EP, a 2016 extended play by Canadian singer Nikki Yanofsky
 * Chet Atkins's Solid Gold series
 * Solid Gold 68, the thirty-fifth studio album
 * Solid Gold 69, the thirty-eighth studio album
 * Solid Gold 70, the fortieth studio album
 * Solid Gold Chipmunks, compilation music album by Alvin and the Chipmunks, released in 1988
 * Solid Gold Hits, compilation album by Beastie Boys, released in 2005

Songs

 * "Solid Gold" (Dionne Warwick song), 1980
 * "Solid Gold" (Pnau song), 2019
 * "Solid Gold" (Delta Goodrem song), 2020
 * "Solid Gold", by Eagles of Death Metal Death by Sexy, 2006
 * "Solid Gold", by Fanny from Mothers Pride, 1973, and covered by Keith Moon
 * "Solid Gold", by The Darkness from Pinewood Smile, 2017
 * "Solid Gold", by Nicholas McDonald from In the Arms of an Angel, 2013
 * "Solid Gold", by Status Quo from Heavy Traffic, 2002
 * "Solid Gold", by Turbowolf, 2014
 * "Solid Gold", by The Golden Filter, 2009

Radio

 * Solid Gold (radio), a former New Zealand radio network
 * Solid Gold Gem, a former United Kingdom radio station

Television

 * Solid Gold (TV series), an American syndicated television series that ran from 1980 to 1988

Other uses

 * Solid Gold, the name of an American breeding ram selected for imprinting
 * Solid Gold series, five Infocom text adventure games updated with in-game hints, among other improvements

title: Solid Gold


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sdmlanreview

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 17:07, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Sdmlanreview
Advertisement spam, not notable. I would recommend deletion. -- Brhaspati (talk, contribs) 09:45, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete - no notability established Egil 16:03, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Vanity, delete - TB 13:15, 2005 Feb 25 (UTC)
 * Delete -- vanity. Longhair 14:39, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
West Kowloon Highway

West Kowloon Highway is a section of Route 3 in Hong Kong, built as part of the Airport Core Programme. This dual-three-lane expressway runs for 4.2 km (4.2 km), connecting Western Harbour Crossing in the south with Tsing Kwai Highway in the north. While the southern section of the road is at grade, the northern part is on a viaduct in order to accommodate the MTR Tung Chung line and the Airport Express.

It is not to be confused with the older West Kowloon Corridor (currently part of Route 5), which is partly parallel to the West Kowloon Highway.

This expressway originally had a speed limit of 80 km/h, but it was increased to 100 km/h because of the smooth shape of the road.

History
The highway was constructed as part of the Airport Core Programme; a major function of the new highway was to facilitate access to the new Hong Kong International Airport from Hong Kong Island and Kowloon. It was built entirely on the West Kowloon Reclamation, an area of artificial land reclaimed from Victoria Harbour, also under the Airport Core Programme.

The road design and engineering consultancy was awarded to Freeman Fox Maunsell in 1990.

The northern section (between Kwai Chung and Cherry Street in Tai Kok Tsui) was built by a consortium comprising Kumagai Gumi, Maeda Corporation, and China Road and Bridge Corporation. The southern section (between Tai Kok Tsui and the Western Harbour Crossing toll plaza) was constructed by Aoki Corporation. The two contracts commenced on 2 August 1993 and 31 August 1993 respectively.

The road was opened on 19 February 1997.

title: West Kowloon Highway


text:
User:Box of Rice

Yo Joe- Mah pages:

Larry the Noodle Maker    Cabbage Hit

Hamburger of Truth

title: User:Box of Rice


text:
Demetrios Palaiologos

Demetrios Palaiologos or Demetrius Palaeologus (Δημήτριος Παλαιολόγος; 1407–1470) was Despot of the Morea together with his brother Thomas from 1449 until the fall of the despotate in 1460. Demetrios and Thomas were sons of Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos, and brothers of the final two emperors John VIII and Constantine XI. Demetrios had a complicated relationship with his brothers, whom he frequently quarrelled with, usually over the matter of Demetrios's wish to establish himself as the most senior of them and claim the imperial throne for himself.

In 1437, Demetrios accompanied his elder brother John VIII to the Council of Florence, the main objective of which was to unify the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches so that Western Europe might be more inclined to lend military aid to the desperate Byzantine Empire. Even though Demetrios was staunchly against a union of the churches, he was brought along as John did not dare to leave him in the east without he himself being present. Demetrios attempted to claim the throne twice, first attempting to take it with Ottoman support in 1442 and then by hoping to be proclaimed emperor after John VIII's death in 1448. Both attempts failed and in 1449, Demetrios was proclaimed as Despot of the Morea by the new emperor, his brother Constantine XI.

John VIII had already made Thomas, Demetrios's younger brother, Despot of the Morea, and Constantine now desired for them to rule jointly. The two despots found it difficult to cooperate and often quarrelled with each other. In the aftermath of the Fall of Constantinople, the death of Constantine XI and end of the Byzantine Empire on 29 May 1453, Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II allowed Thomas and Demetrios to continue to rule as Ottoman vassals in the Morea. Though he never proclaimed himself emperor, some of the Moreots wished to proclaim Demetrios, the oldest living brother of Constantine XI, as Constantine's successor. Thomas hoped to turn the small despotate into a rallying point of a campaign to restore the empire, hoping to gain support from the Papacy and Western Europe. The constant disagreements between Thomas and Demetrios, who supported the Ottomans instead, eventually led Mehmed to invade and conquer the Morea in 1460.

Though Thomas escaped into exile, Demetrios was captured at the despotate's capital, Mystras, and surrendered to the Ottomans on 29 May 1460, exactly seven years after Constantinople's fall. As compensation for the loss of the Morea, Mehmed granted Demetrios lands in Thrace and some islands, which allowed Demetrios to live in relative comfort until he was stripped of his lands and income in 1467 following accusations against his brother-in-law. Shortly after, the sultan granted him an estate in Adrianople, where he lived with his wife, Theodora Asanina. After the death of his daughter and only child, Helena, in 1469 at Edirne, Demetrios retired and became a monk, dying a year later in 1470.

Early life
As the Byzantine Empire fell apart and fragmented over the course of the 14th century, the emperors of the Palaiologan dynasty came to feel that the only sure way to keep their remaining holdings intact was to grant them to their sons, receiving the title of despot, as appanages to defend and govern. Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos ((r. undefined – undefined)1391–1425) had a total of six sons who survived infancy. Manuel's eldest surviving son, John, was raised to co-emperor and designated to succeed Manuel as sole emperor upon his death. The second son, Theodore was designated as Despot of the Morea and the third, Andronikos, was made Despot of Thessaloniki in 1408 at just eight years old. Manuel's younger sons, Constantine, Demetrios (born in 1407), and Thomas, were kept in Constantinople as there was insufficient land left to grant them. The younger children; Theodore, Andronikos, Constantine, Demetrios and Thomas were frequently described as having the distinction of Porphyrogennetos ("born in the purple"; born in the imperial palace during the reign of their father), a distinction that does not appear to have been shared by the emperor-to-be John.

Relations between the Palaiologos brothers were not always good. Though the young John and Constantine appear to have got on well with each other, relations between Constantine and the younger Demetrios and Thomas were not as friendly. Demetrios was made the despot of the island of Lemnos in 1422 by Manuel; however, he was not satisfied and refused to live on the island. In 1423, Demetrios fled to the court of King Sigismund of Hungary in 1423 under the pretext of needing protection against his brothers. He was accompanied by two of his supporters, Hilario Doria and George Izaoul, and did not return to Constantinople until 1427.

In 1437, John, now Emperor John VIII, left Constantinople to attend the Council of Florence in an effort to unite the Orthodox and Catholic churches and thus inspire Western Europe to act in the defense of his collapsing empire, threatened by the rapidly expanding Ottoman Empire. John left Constantine, his most trusted brother, and favored heir, as regent in Constantinople. Demetrios, alongside many distinguished Byzantine nobles and church officials (including the Patriarch of Constantinople, Joseph II) accompanied John on his journey to Italy. Although Demetrios was known to be firmly against any plans of reuniting the Orthodox and Catholic churches, he had already shown rebellious tendencies, hoping to become emperor himself with Ottoman support, and could not be trusted to remain in Constantinople or Lemnos when the emperor was away.

While the Council of Florence did achieve a union of the churches, it lasted for several years, concluding in June 1439. John did not return to Constantinople until 1 February 1440 and though he was received with a grand and ceremony, organized by Constantine and Demetrios (who had returned sometime earlier), the news that the churches had been unified stirred a wave of resentment and bitterness among the general populace, who felt that John had betrayed their faith.

Attempts to become emperor
With his tenure as regent finished, Constantine had observed that the other Despots of the Morea (Constantine's former appanage), his brothers Theodore and Thomas, had ruled well without him and he considered that he could serve the empire's interest better if he were closer to the capital. Demetrios now governed a stretch of land around the city of Mesembria in Thrace and Constantine considered the idea that he and Demetrios could switch places, Constantine becoming the new governor in Mesembria and Demetrios being granted the Morea. Constantine thus sent his close adviser George Sphrantzes to propose the idea to both Demetrios and Ottoman Sultan Murad II, who by this point had to be consulted about any appointments.

By 1442, Demetrios had no desire for new appointments, instead eyeing the imperial throne. He had just made a deal with Murad himself and had raised an army, portraying himself as the champion of the anti-unionist cause, which opposed the union of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a cause supported by the Turks, declaring war on his brother John VIII. When Sphrantzes reached Demetrios to deliver Constantine's offer, Demetrios was already preparing to march on Constantinople. The danger he posed to the city was so great that Constantine was summoned from the Morea by John VIII to oversee the city's defenses. In April 1442, Demetrios and the Ottomans began their attack, but they were repulsed and Demetrios was briefly imprisoned. In March 1443, Sphrantzes was made governor of Selymbria in Constantine's name. From Selymbria, Sphrantzes and Constantine would be able to keep a watchful eye on the activities of Demetrios. In November, Constantine gave over control of Selymbria to Theodore, who in turn abandoned his position as Despot of the Morea, making Constantine and Thomas the sole Despots of the Morea.

Theodore died in June 1448 and on 31 October of the same year, Emperor John VIII also passed away. The potential successors to the throne were Constantine, Demetrios and Thomas. John had not formally designated an heir, though everyone knew he favored Constantine and ultimately, the will of their mother, Helena Dragaš (who also preferred Constantine), prevailed. Both Thomas, who had no intention of claiming the throne, and Demetrios, who most certainly did, hurried to Constantinople and reached the capital before Constantine. Though Demetrios was favored by many due to his anti-unionist sentiment, Helena reserved her right to act as regent until her eldest son, Constantine arrived, stalling Demetrios's attempt at seizing the throne. Thomas accepted Constantine's appointment and Demetrios, who soon thereafter joined in proclaiming Constantine as his new emperor, was overruled. Soon thereafter, Sphrantzes informed Sultan Murad II, who also accepted the appointment.

The Fall of Constantinople and early rule
In order to remove Demetrios from the capital and its vicinity, Constantine made Demetrios Despot of the Morea, to rule the despotate together with Thomas. Demetrios was granted the despotate's nominal capital, Mystras, and primarily ruled the southern and eastern parts of the despotate, with Thomas ruling Corinthia and the north-west, variously using Patras or Leontari as his capital. During his tenure as despot, Demetrios made some efforts to expand the despotate, seizing the Venetian-held castle of Kastri. With him to the Morea, Demetrios brought a part of the ancient Asen family, which had once ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire. Demetrios married Theodora Asanina, daughter of Paul Asan. Theodora's brother Matthew Palaiologos Asen was appointed as governor of Corinth by Demetrios.

Before his marriage to Theodora, Demetrios had been married either once or twice. His previous marriage(s) had not produced any children. His "first" wife was the daughter of Kantakouzenos Strabomytes, between 1430 and 1435. His "second" wife, possibly the same person as the daughter of Kantakouzenos Strabomytes, was Zoe Paraspondyle and died in March/April 1436.

In 1452, during the preparation stages of the final Ottoman siege of Constantinople, Constantine XI sent an urgent message to the Morea, requesting that one of his brothers bring their forces to help him defend the city. To prevent aid coming from the Morea, Mehmed II sent one of his generals, Turahan Bey (who had raided the Morea twice before) to devastate the peninsula. The Turkish attack was repelled by an army commanded by Matthew Palaiologos Asen, but this victory came too late to offer any aid to Constantinople, which fell on 29 May 1453.

In the aftermath of Constantinople's fall, and Constantine XI's death in its defense, one of the most pressing threats to the new Ottoman regime was the possibility that one of Constantine XI's surviving relatives would find a following and return to reclaim the empire. Luckily for Mehmed II, the two despots in the Morea represented scarcely more than a nuisance and were allowed to keep their titles and lands. When emissaries of Thomas and Demetrios visited the Sultan at Adrianople some months after Constantinople's fall, the Sultan demanded no surrender of territory, only that the despots were to pay an annual tribute of 10,000 ducats. Because the Morea was allowed to continue to exist, many Byzantine refugees fled to the despotate, which made it somewhat of a Byzantine government-in-exile. Some of these influential refugees and courtiers even raised the idea of proclaiming Demetrios, the elder brother, as the Emperor of the Romans and the legitimate successor of Constantine XI. Both Thomas and Demetrios might have considered making their small despotate the rallying point of a campaign to restore the empire, with considerable fertile and wealthy territory under the despotate's control, there did seem for a moment to be a possibility that the empire could live on in the Morea. However, Thomas and Demetrios were never able to cooperate and spent most of their resources fighting each other rather than preparing for a struggle against the Turks. Since Thomas had spent most of his life in the Morea, and Demetrios most of his life elsewhere, the two brothers hardly knew each other.

Shortly after Constantinople fell, a revolt broke out against the despots in the Morea, prompted by the many Albanian immigrants to the region being unhappy with the actions of the local Greek landowners. The Albanians had respected earlier despots, such as Constantine and Theodore, but despised the two current despots and without central authority from Constantinople, they saw their opportunity to gain control of the despotate for themselves. In Thomas's part of the despotate, the rebels chose to proclaim John Asen Zaccaria, bastard son of the last Prince of Achaea, as their leader and in Demetrios's part of the despotate, the leader of the revolt was Manuel Kantakouzenos, grandson of Demetrios I Kantakouzenos (who had served as despot until 1384) and great-great-grandson of Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos ((r. undefined – undefined)1347–1354). With no hope of defeating the Albanians on their own, the despots appealed to the only power near enough and strong enough to aid them; the Ottomans. Mehmed II did not wish to see the despotate pass into the hands of Albanians, and out of his control, and sent an army to quell the rebellion in December 1453. The rebellion was not fully crushed until October 1454, when Turahan Bey arrived to aid the despots in firmly establishing their authority in the region. In return for the aid, Mehmed demanded a heavier tribute from Thomas and Demetrios, amounting to 12,000 ducats annually rather than the previous 10,000.

The possibility of Western aid
Neither brother could raise the sum demanded by the Sultan and they were divided in their policies. While Demetrios, probably the more realistic of the two, had more or less given up hope of Christian aid from the west and thought it might be best to placate the Turks, Thomas retained hope that the Papacy might yet call for a crusade to restore the Byzantine Empire. Thomas's hopes were not ridiculous; the Fall of Constantinople had been received with as much horror in Western Europe as it had been in the few remaining Byzantine territories in the East. In September 1453, Pope Nicholas V issued the crusading bull Etsi ecclesia Christi, which called on Christians throughout the west to take the cross and embark on a crusade to recover Constantinople. The response was enthusiastic; some of Europe's most powerful and influential rulers came forward to take the cross, including Philip the Good of Burgundy in February 1454 and Alfonso the Magnanimous of Aragon and Naples in November 1455. Alfonso promised to personally lead a host of 50,000 men and 400 ships against the Ottomans. At Frankfurt, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III assembled a council of German princes and proposed that 40,000 men be sent to Hungary, where the Ottomans had suffered a crushing defeat at Belgrade in 1456. If the combined forces of Hungary, Aragon, Burgundy and the Holy Roman Empire had been unleashed to exploit the victory at Belgrade, Ottoman control of the Balkans would have been seriously threatened.

Despite the Ottomans having secured the position of the two despots in the recent Albanian uprising, the possibility of Western aid to restore Byzantine territory proved too enticing to resist. Thomas sent John Argyropoulos and other envoys to the West in 1456 and even Demetrios, decidedly anti-Latin, softened his attitude towards the West. Demetrios raised the possibility of a marriage alliance with Alfonso of Aragon and Naples, suggesting that his daughter Helena marry Alfonso's grandson. Despite his own views on the Council of Florence, Demetrios even sent his own envoy to Pope Nicholas V's successor, Pope Callixtus III, in 1455; Frankoulios Servopoulos, a known supporter of the Council of Florence. Servopoulos probably arrived in Rome at around the same time as Thomas's envoy, Argyropoulos, and the two envoys travelled through Europe, visiting the same courts, independently of each other. Thomas and Demetrios proved to be incapable of working together even with foreign diplomacy.

Moreot civil war and the fall of the Morea
In the end, no crusade ever set out to combat the Ottomans. Due to their conviction that help would arrive, and being unable to pay, the two despots had not paid their annual tribute to the Ottomans for three years. With no money coming from the Morea, and the looming threat of Western aid, Mehmed eventually lost his patience with the Palaiologoi. The Ottoman army marched from Adrianople in May 1458 and entered the Morea, where the only real resistance was faced at Corinth, within the domain governed by Demetrios. Leaving his artillery to bombard and besiege that city, Mehmed left with most of his army to devastate and conquer the northern parts of the despotate, under Thomas's jurisdiction. Corinth at last gave up in August, after several cities in the north had already surrendered, and Mehmed imposed a heavy retribution on the Morea. The territory under the two brothers was drastically reduced, Corinth, Patras and much of the north-west of the peninsula were annexed into the Ottoman Empire and provided with Turkish governors, with the Palaiologoi only being allowed to keep the south, including the despotate's nominal capital, Mystras, on the condition that they paid their annual tribute to the sultan.

Almost as soon as Mehmed had left the Morea, the two brothers began quarreling with each other again. Mehmed's victory had only increased the antagonism between Thomas and Demetrios. Demetrios had shifted to becoming even more pro-Ottoman after Mehmed had promised the despot that he would marry his daughter Helena, whereas Thomas increasingly hoped for western aid as the regions of the Morea annexed by Mehmed had been almost the entire area ruled by Thomas, including his capital of Patras. In January 1459, Thomas rebelled against Demetrios and the Ottomans, joining with a number of Albanian lords. They seized the fortress of Kalavryta and much of the land in the central Morea and besieged Kalamata and Mantineia, fortresses held by Demetrios. Demetrios responded by seizing Leontari and called for aid from the Turkish governors in the northern Morea. There were many attempts made to broker peace between the two brothers, such as Mehmed ordering the Bishop of Lacedaemon to make the two swear to keep the peace, but any truce lasted only briefly. Many of the Byzantine nobles in the Morea could only look on in horror as the civil war raged on. Byzantine historian George Sphrantzes summed up the conflict with the following words:Although Demetrios had more soldiers and resources, Thomas and the Albanians were able to appeal to the West for aid. After a successful skirmish against the Ottomans, Thomas sent 16 captured Turkish soldiers, alongside some of his armed guards, to Rome to convince the Pope that he was engaging in a holy war against the Muslims. The scheme worked and the Pope sent 300 Italian soldiers under the Milanese condottieri Gianone da Cremona to aid Thomas. With these reinforcements, Thomas gained the upper hand and it looked as if Demetrios was about to be defeated, having retreated to the town of Monemvasia and having sent Matthew Palaiologos Asen to Adrianople to beg Mehmed for aid. Thomas's pleas to the west represented a real threat to the Ottomans, a threat made even greater through the support of the plan by the vocal Cardinal Bessarion, a Byzantine refugee who had escaped the empire years earlier. Pope Pius II convened a council in 1459 in Mantua and sent Bessarion and some others to preach for a crusade against the Ottomans throughout Europe.

Determined to bring order to Greece, Mehmed decided that the destruction of the despotate and its full annexation directly into his empire was the only possible solution. The sultan assembled his army once more in April 1460 and led it in person first to Corinth and then on to Mystras. Although Demetrios had ostensibly been on the sultan's side, Mehmed invaded Demetrios's territory first. Demetrios surrendered to the Ottomans without a fight, fearing retribution and already having sent his family to safety in Monemvasia. Mystras thus fell into Ottoman hands on 29 May 1460, exactly seven years after Constantinople's fall. The few places in the Morea that dared resist the sultan's army were devastated as per Islamic law, the men being massacred and the women and children being taken away. As large numbers of Greek refugees escaped to Venetian-held territories such as Methoni and Koroni, the Morea was slowly subdued, the last resistance being led by Constantine Graitzas Palaiologos, a relative of Thomas and Demetrios, at Salmenikon in July 1461.

Life in the Ottoman Empire
On 31 May 1460, Mehmed II arrived outside Mystras in person, inviting the recently deposed despot to his tent. Demetrios was terrified of the sultan, but Mehmed received him kindly, offering him a chair and speaking gently to him. Mehmed demanded that Demetrios recall his wife Theodora and his only child, Helena, from their refuge in Monemvasia and yield them to the sultan so that they could accompany him to Adrianople, but also showered Demetrios with gifts and promised to grant him an appanage in Thrace as compensation for the loss of the Morea. Theodora and Helena were put in the care of some of the eunuchs in Mehmed's entourage and Demetrios was obliged to accompany Mehmed as he went on to subdue the rest of the Morea after spending four days at Mystras.

For the rest of his life, Demetrios, though favored, would in effect remain a prisoner of the Ottomans. Demetrios's appanage consisted of the islands Lemnos and Imbros, as well as parts of the islands Thassos and Samothrace as well as the town Enos in Thrace. Ownership of these lands brought Demetrios enough revenue to support himself and he lived in relative comfort, donating much of his income to the church. He lived at Enos for seven years, together with his wife Theodora and her brother, Matthew Palaiologos Asen. In 1467, George Sphrantzes, former companion to Constantine XI, who had little regard for either Matthew or Demetrios, wrote that Matthew, who controlled a local salt monopoly, had allowed his underlings to cheat the government on some revenue. Outraged by this, Mehmed II stripped Demetrios of his territories and income.

Demetrios, Theodora and Matthew were sent in disgrace to Didymoteicho, where Matthew died shortly thereafter. Mehmed appears to have taken pity on the former despot and then provided him and his wife with a small estate in Adrianople, where their daughter Helena was living at the time. Since the sultan feared that Helena, described as high-spirited, might attempt to poison him, he had never taken her into his harem. Helena had her own large estate and pension provided by Mehmed, but was forbidden to marry. After Helena died of unknown causes c. 1469, Demetrios and Theodora were so struck by grief that they retired to monastic life, Demetrios becoming a monk. The former despot died in 1470 and, due to Helena's death, left no descendants. Theodora also died in 1470, only outliving her husband by a few weeks.

title: Demetrios Palaiologos