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Out of This World (American TV series)

Out of This World is an American fantasy sitcom about a teenage girl who is half alien, which gives her unique supernatural powers. It first aired in syndication from September 17, 1987 and ended on May 25, 1991.

During its first season, the series was originally part of NBC's Prime Time Begins at 7:30 campaign, in which the network's owned-and-operated stations would run first-run sitcoms in the 7:30-8 p.m. time slot to counter-program competing stations' game shows, sitcom reruns and other offerings. Out of This World was rotated with four other shows: the original series Marblehead Manor and She's the Sheriff, a syndicated revival of the 1983 sitcom We Got It Made, and a television adaptation of the play You Can't Take It with You. NBC ended the experiment after the 1987–88 season due to the low ratings put up by three of the series, which were cancelled. Out of This World was were renewed, as was She's the Sheriff.

After its first season, Out of This World began airing primarily on weekends. Despite receiving mostly negative reviews from critics, it lasted three more seasons.

Show summary
The series revolves around Evie Ethel Garland, a young girl who discovers on her 13th birthday that her father Troy is an alien from the planet Antareus. Evie's half-alien heritage gives her supernatural abilities, with most of the episodes revolving around Evie misusing her powers and causing some trouble which she spends the rest of the episode fixing.

Only Evie and her family know about the alien side; many episodes depict their efforts to hide her secret from other characters. After four seasons, the series ended on a cliffhanger: Troy came to visit and Donna took his place by accident, ending up on Antareus while Troy was stranded on Earth.

Characters

 * Evie Ethel Garland (Maureen Flannigan) — A half-human, half-alien girl who lives with her mother Donna in Marlowe, California (a fictional analogue of Carmel-by-the-Sea), in a house overlooking the sea. An only child, Evie attends a school for gifted children that her mother runs, and achieves good grades there. Her father describes her as "the perfect child: loving; caring; with the same needs of most teenagers". The series follows Evie through her teenage years, from her 13th birthday in the pilot to her 18th birthday in the final episode. Donna had always told Evie that her father was a secret agent, but on her 13th birthday, Evie developed superhuman abilities; it was then revealed that her father is a native of another planet. Evie's most frequently-used power is her ability to freeze time on Earth by touching her index-fingertips together; this allows her to alter the course of Earthly events by maneuvering herself and/or others as desired. When she claps her hands together, time resumes as normal. She can also "unfreeze" individuals by touching them while time is frozen.  Evie later gains the power to gleep, which allows her to manifest objects using only her mind. On her sixteenth birthday, she is given her choice of a new power (including levitation, invisibility, and eight others) and is seen experimenting with several, but declines to make any of them permanent. For one episode near the end of the series ("Evie's Three Promises"), she gains the ability to teleport.  Although she was the leading character, Flannigan was billed last in the credits. In the first season, she received the billing "And Introducing Maureen Flannigan". Starting with the second season, she received a different billing: "And Maureen Flannigan as Evie".
 * Donna Froelich-Garland (Donna Pescow) — Evie's mother. Described by her husband as "an ambitious working mother with a career", Donna runs a school for gifted children, which Evie attends. She later starts her own catering company, "Donna's Delights". Toward the end of season 3, Donna becomes the mayor of Marlowe. Donna is very protective of her daughter, often to the dismay of Evie, who would like to be more independent. Donna, along with her brothers Beano and Mick, are the only regular characters on the show who know Evie's secret.
 * Troy Garland (Burt Reynolds, voice only) — Evie's father. Troy is a human-looking extraterrestrial with many special powers, from the distant world of Antareus, where he is an astronaut. Troy met Donna when his spacecraft crashed on Earth at some point in the late 1960s or early 1970s. The two fell in love and were married in 1971; two years later, Donna gave birth to Evie. The year after that, Troy was recalled to participate in a war which raged on Antareus. Since then, Troy, while occasionally visiting Earth, stays in touch with his daughter via a special communication device known as the "cube" (see below). Troy's powers seem practically unlimited; although he lives on Antareus, he can control many things on Earth, from computers to the weather. He can also give and/or take away Evie's powers at will (as demonstrated in the second episode of the series), and is very good at keeping up with events on Earth. While Troy appears in the show's opening credits, he rarely makes a physical appearance, and when he does, his face is obscured (for example, via a surgical mask or shadows). In the series finale, when Troy arrives on Earth, he is seen in a silhouette with stars from the galaxy. Troy was credited as "himself" in the opening credits from Season Two onwards.
 * Beano Froelich (1987–1991) (Joe Alaskey) — Donna's brother and Evie's uncle, who lives next door to them. Beano has a large appetite and runs a diet clinic known as "Waist-a-Weigh", which is later renamed after him. Beano is one of the two regular characters who know Evie's secret, Donna being the other. He last appears in season 4, episode 12.
 * Kyle Applegate (Doug McClure) — A former television actor who serves as the mayor of Marlowe. Kyle is a good friend of the family, but "the mayor" punishes even the smallest offenses. Kyle is dimwitted and gullible in addition to being egocentric and vain, often completely failing to notice Evie's "alien" antics. He clings to his former TV glory as the star of "Mosquito Man" and many long forgotten movies, mainly Westerns. Towards the end of season three, Donna takes over as the new mayor and appoints Kyle police chief.
 * Buzz (Buzz Belmondo) — The manager of Beano's diet clinic, and one of the more eccentric characters in town. Buzz usually makes one brief appearance per episode, during which he performs a series of puns and/or prop-based gags...sometimes related to the elaborate costume that he is wearing. He speaks with an unknown accent, and is prone to bizarre behavior. Donna sometimes resorts to him for help, more often than not regretting it.
 * Lindsay Selkirk (Christina Nigra) — Evie's best female friend. She and Evie spend a lot of time together drinking milkshakes at their local diner, the "Goodie Goodie.” Lindsay is Evie's confidante when it comes to boys and her non-Antarean related problems.
 * Chris Fuller (Steve Burton) — A surfer and high school student who later enrolls at Marlowe Community College. He is introduced as a new student and good basketball player in the season one episode "Evie Get Your Basketball". Chris becomes Evie's boyfriend, although they are more like brother and sister; sometimes they even date other people. In Season Four, Chris says Evie was and always will be his girl.
 * Quigley Handlesman (Carl Steven) (1987-1988) - One of Evie's classmates at Donna's school for the gifted.
 * Phil (John Roarke) (1987–1988) - The jovial, funny handyman who works on the Garlands' house during the first season. He is always snooping around in the family's business; Donna, Evie, and Beano constantly scramble to keep Phil from suspecting Evie's alien heritage.
 * Jeffrey Cummings (Tony Crane) (1990) - A high school classmate of Evie and Lindsay's who transfers in during their senior year. Incredibly handsome, basically picking where Chris left off after going to college, Jeffrey soon begins dating Evie...who is forced to juggle her relationships with him and with Chris.
 * Peter (1990–1991) (Peter Pitofsky) — A waiter at the Goodie Goodie who is introduced in the first episode of Season Four. He is a clumsy, goofball Antarean who provides his own brand of comic relief whenever Evie and her friends stop by the restaurant. He was military intelligence for Antareus until he chose to stay on Earth, his memory erased of all Antarean things. He has a penchant for misinterpreting people's orders, and sometimes even forgets his own name.
 * Mick Froelich (1990–1991) (Tom Nolan) — Donna's brother and Evie's uncle, who was introduced in season 4, episode 7, to replace Uncle Beano as a recurring character. He is a former rock musician.

The Cube
Evie is able to communicate with Troy through a special laser genetic communication device known as the "cube," which he gave to her when she turned 13. The cube effectively functioned as a telephone line to Antareus — it could also be used to leave Troy an "answerphone" message, as seen in the episode "My Little Evie." There were no controls on the cube; Evie simply would call for her father, and the cube would activate when he answered, and deactivate when he would "hang up." Depending on the plotline, Troy would manifest his powers while talking through the cube, emitting a beam of energy directly from the cube.

Evie and Donna would normally keep the cube around the house, out of sight (often in Evie's bedroom), sometimes telling people it was an ornament, a talking clock, a toaster radio/phone, or a candy dish, amongst other common household items. When the cube was activated, the top half of it would open up on a hinge with a magenta light pulsing inside, with a "spacey" sound effect. The ambient lights in the room would usually dim as well. Troy's voice would be heard clearly through the cube with reverberation.

Originally, even though everyone was able to hear Troy through the cube, Evie was the only one who Troy could hear, as the cube was described to be "genetic." This changes in the first episode of season 2, "Evie's Birthday Wish." At the end of the episode, Evie uses her final wish to request that her mother be able to talk to Troy as she can. As a result, Troy could then hear Donna and they could talk back and forth. It was unknown whether the rest of Evie's family could also talk to Troy, but there were other aliens that Troy could hear through the cube, as seen in Season 4 Episode 5 "Evie's Guardian Angel" (An Anterean was sent to Earth to protect Evie and Donna, and he could speak to Troy via the cube).

Guest stars
The series featured several celebrities who made cameo appearances on the show, occasionally as themselves. In chronological order of appearances:

 * Ann Miller
 * Norman Fell (as Evie's psychiatrist Dr. Hauser, "The Nightmare", 1987)
 * Scott Carpenter (as himself, "Evie and the Young Astronauts", 1987)
 * Charles Nelson Reilly (as himself, "Dueling Mayors", 1987)
 * Betsy Palmer (as Donna's mother, "Uh, Oh... Here Comes Mother", 1987 and “AKA Dad”, 1987)
 * Tom Bosley (as Troy's father, "Guess Who's Coming to Earth", 1988 and "Around the World in Eighty Minutes", 1989)
 * Jamie Farr ("Go West, Young Mayor", 1988)
 * Richard Kiel (as Norman, "Go West, Young Mayor", 1988)
 * Scott Baio (who also directed several episodes) made a cameo appearance in "Princess Evie" (1988) and "Evie Goes For the Gold" (1989)
 * Lyle Alzado ("Goodbye Mr. Chris", 1990)
 * Mr. T ("New Kid on the Block", 1990)
 * Susan Anton ("Best Friends", 1990)
 * Tiffany ("I Want My Evie TV", 1990)
 * Florence Henderson ("My Mom, and Why I Love Her")
 * Kathleen Freeman (as Miss Ogilvy, Evie's high school teacher, "Educating Kyle", 1991)

Opening credits
The opening credits for the series incorporated special effects footage from the 1979–1981 series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century. The theme song is a modified version of "Swinging on a Star". Video snippets of parents Donna and Troy show the start of their relationship including the wedding and birth of daughter Evie. Troy's face is continuously obscured, never fully shown. The fictional town of Marlowe is shown to be adjacent to Carmel-by-the-Sea, California and Monterey, California with a directional traffic sign.

International airings
In France, Out of this World was aired under the name Loin de ce monde (Far From this World) as part of a block called La Une est à vous (Channel One is Yours) from September 10, 1988 until October 12, 1991 then from July to August 1992 on TF1. It was then rebroadcast from November 1994 until November 10, 1996 on M6.

In Germany, Out of this World was aired under the name Mein Vater ist ein Außerirdischer (My Father is an Alien) which aired on RTL Plus in 1989.

In Italy, Out of this World was aired under the name Cose dell'altro mondo (Things from the Other World) on Rai 1 from 1990. This was also the name of a comedy film from 2011.

Out of This World was first broadcast in the UK on the ITV network on April 9, 1990, until 1995, and was later reran on Trouble (TV channel).

Critical reception
Discussing Out of This World, Roger Fulton stated "like many juvenile US sitcoms, the series was short on laughs and long on moralizing". The book Television Without Pity contained a review of Out of This World that described the show as "quite possibly the worst sitcom ever made-it's a complete failure on every level". The review went on to criticize the show's scripts, acting and production, and unfavorably compared Out of This World to Sabrina the Teenage Witch. The Splitsider website called Out of This World "perhaps the worst sitcom ever, or at least the most '80s sitcom ever".

Home media
A DVD set with 35 episodes from seasons 1 and 2 was released in Germany on November 8, 2011. The 6-disc set has a runtime of 875 minutes, but does not include all episodes due to music rights.

In other media

 * In the Universal Studios ride Kongfrontation, the news report that plays during the queue is interrupted by an ad for Out of This World, at which the screen crawl at the bottom of the ad is a civil defense message warning that King Kong is in the vicinity and for civilians to stay indoors and not use public transportation until further notice.
 * The show was parodied in the Robot Chicken episode, "Executed by the State". In the parody, Evie (voiced by Kat Dennings) is asked out by a boy who likes her, she uses her powers to stop time and takes a look down his pants in order to check out the size of his penis. After seeing the size of his penis, Evie says "Uhhh, pass." This is followed by canned laughter typical of sitcoms of that era. Evie then walks off with time still frozen.

Stations
As previously mentioned, during the first season, Out of This World aired on NBC's owned-and-operated stations as part of their Prime Time Begins at 7:30 experiment.

title: Out of This World (American TV series)


text:
Talk:Through arch bridge

Early comments
I have attempted to clean up this stub a little bit. I could not rescue this passage, as I don't know what it is attempting to communicate:

 * "Where the arch cannot neither supported from below nor brought to completion by flying cantilevers it is brought out from each landing point using temporary cable stays supported from temporary towers, kept from tipping inward by stays downward to earth anchors."

Perhaps someone with some civil engineering knowledge can edit it appropriately. Molinari 03:15, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This doesn't seem to be a very common term for a common type of bridge. Through arch bridge seems slightly better but still uncommon. Any ideas? --SPUI (T - C) 10:00, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Hi everyone. I prefer the name through arch over compression arch suspended span.  On the issue of combining this article with tied arch bridge, I'm against it.  While a tied (or bowstring) arch bridge is a through arch, not all through arches are tied arches.  A tied arch (such as the Fort Pitt Bridge) uses the deck as a tension element, to keep the arch from collapsing, while an untied arch (such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge) uses the ground (and sometimes the rigidity of its truss structure) to counter the outward horizontal thrust of the arch. Robshill 19:47, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

A tied arch could be considered a subtype of suspended deck type, since it is possible to use compression in the arch without tension in the suspended deck. Also, wouldn't a through arch bridge be another type than suspended deck (the roadbead supported by and running between the arches)? - Leonard G. 15:47, 11 July 2006 (UTC)

Tied Arch
I do not know what the fuss is about. The tied arch is completely different in how it is supported as compared to the compression arch (although all arches do act in compression). The compression arch suggests that the earth is the horizontal reaction force of the arch, while the tie suggests that the arch resists its own force. They should not be combined as one type.

Where did this name come from?
Where did the name "compression arch suspended-deck bridge" come from? I cannot find any references for it. I have researched this and can only conclude that the term is not in use by bridge engineers. That means that this term does not meet WP:Verifiability. Bridge engineering is technical subject that has had textbooks and peer-reviewed papers published for more than a century. We should be able to find sources for terms that meet the highest standards of WP:Reliable sources. My recommendation is that this article be moved to steel arch. It can be put in categories for Category:Steel arch bridges and Category:Through arch bridges. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 03:39, 6 April 2009 (UTC)
 * A search of ASCE's civil engineering database (journals, proceedings, magazines) does not show the string in use (here).
 * A search of google books now turns up circular references back to Wikipedia as Webster's is now sourcing Wikpedia when writing a lexicon (here).
 * Google scholar only shows two papers (here). They are both by students who source their material to websites (including Wikipedia).

 * Here is a source to define the term through arch. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 01:01, 9 April 2009 (UTC)

 * This is what happens when a Wikipedia article uses a made up term. The circular references begin, until Wikipedia's invention takes over other sources! (I had noticed elsewhere that Websters Online uses material from Wikipedia.) I also have been wondering where this term originated. Through arch redirects to this article. — Mattisse (Talk) 01:08, 9 April 2009 (UTC)

Another one supporting through truss through arch; it does not mention "compression arch suspended-deck bridge". This is the first I have heard of a "sickle arch".

On the plus for reliability, the author is a chartered engineer. The publisher (Aurum Press) has been in business since 1976. Not a long time in technical terms, but not "fly by night" either. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 04:21, 12 April 2009 (UTC)
 * And Through truss now redirects to Truss bridge. — Mattisse (Talk) 15:00, 12 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I meant through arch. That's what the quote from the book uses. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 18:44, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

Another source validating "deck arch bridge," "through arch bridge," and "half-through arch bridge" as types of bridges, but not validating "compression arch suspended-deck bridge".

I am still unable to locate any bridge engineering books that verify the term compression arch suspended-deck bridge. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 05:03, 12 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Then there is Truss arch bridge. — Mattisse  (Talk) 15:06, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

This book The Manual of Bridge Engineering has a long chapter on arch bridges. It does not mention the "compression arch suspended-deck bridge" as a type of arch bridge. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 03:45, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

RfC: the name "Compression arch suspended-deck bridge"
I have done some research (as seen above on this talk page) that leads me to believe that the term "Compression arch suspended-deck bridge" is not a real term. The term dates back to July 2004 when it was added to the bridge article. Now it can be found to have spread around the internet. Bridge design is a highly technical, well-published field of science. One should be able to find a reliable, scholarly source that defines or uses this term. I have not been able to do this. I am requesting comment because I would like some help to find out if this term is for real or if it should be removed from Wikipedia. -- ¢Spender1983 (talk) 08:04, 15 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm not an engineer, but it seems like nonsense to me. Look e.g. of the picture of the Sydney Harbour Bridge being built. If the arch relies on compression to stay up it could not be built like that. That's not to say there's no compression, but there will be both compression and tension, just as in a truss bridge, made possible by the use of steel. The advantage of modern materials is bridges no longer have to be just under compression, so a far greater range of structures are possible. To describe the arch in these bridges as a "compression arch" just seems wrong, perhaps a misapplication of how bridges used to be made.
 * The term "through arch" seems correct, but has nothing to do with compression. See e.g. [here]. If the page were renamed to that and the bits about compression removed it would make sense to me. JohnBlackburne (talk) 19:26, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

 * As no-one else has come up with anything I've renamed the page to "Through arch bridge". Unlike the former name it has at least some support and also seems to match how the names used already here, based on existing redirects. The previous name was not only unsourced but misleading as a bridge like this is not held up by compression, or at least not primarily by it. -- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 07:46, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

 * I've added a reference and a couple of alternate names which I came across in searching. Although it seems to be a type of bridge, or at least a way of describing them, it does not seem to have a single name, and hopefully the other names will help editors find references.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 08:01, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

 * Shouldn't Compression arch suspended-deck bridge be deleted? There are many articles that link to it, and we can fix that. But if it has been determined that it is not a legitimate term then it should be deleted so it that future attempts to link to it show up as red links. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 06:28, 13 January 2010 (UTC)

 * I wouldn't delete the redirect, at least not yet and perhaps not ever. But if we're correct that "Compression arch suspended-deck bridge" is a made up term that arose on WP then it may need cleaning up so any references to it, or at least all those in articles, are changed to a more acceptable name. Here are all the pages that link to the redirect which would be a good place to start. -- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 09:25, 13 January 2010 (UTC)

Sydney Harbour Bridge design
I've changed it to the Hell Gate Bridge, and included a reference. Looking at images of the two it seems this is the case - the SHB shares far more similarities with the HGB than the Tyne Bridge, to the point that they're almost identical. If you have any cited evidence to suggest otherwise, feel free to change it. NotTarts (talk) 00:41, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

 * There is a difference between "design", "engineering" and "looks a bit like". The design was simply a through-arch bridge in riveted steel. By the 1920s this was an established design; there was no need to slavishly copy anything, be it Hells Gate or Tyne - this was now just an "off the shelf" design. Was the design directly inspired by it? - I've no idea, but there just wasn't any need for it to be.
 * Engineering is another matter. As well as the concept for a bridge, and even the broad architectural drawings, there needs to be an engineering design produced, and the actual building work carried out. In the Sydney case, this was controversially by placing the work with Dorman Long of Middlesbrough, who already had the experience of working on the Tyne and other bridges. This was so controversial in Australia that it was only permitted with an agreement that the work itself would be carried out by Australian labourers.
 * The "looks a bit like" aspect is clearly close to the Hells Gate than the Tyne, but that's because the Tyne has steep narrow banks, unlike both the Hells Gate & Sydney. Andy Dingley (talk) 11:38, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

"Iconic"
The use of 'iconic' here is problematic, not least because it has become a controversial, contemporary cliche, little more than a kind of 'Wow!' word. Worse, every user seems to use it with their own idea of its meaning, expressing a subjective judgement and not an objective fact, which makes it inappropriate for an encyclopaedic article. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_icon) In the context of this article, it might be understood in the sense of the original example of this type of bridge design. However, in the Wikipedia article devoted to the Tyne Bridge, it is stated that the Tyne Bridge and the Sydney Harbour Bridge both "derived their design from the Hell Gate Bridge in New York City". So here to call the Tyne Bridge "the original example of this type of bridge design" would simply be incorrect. In fact, in justifying his reversion of my original deletion, Andy Dingley set out how he was using 'iconic' to mean 'something emblematic of a place'. In that sense, isn't the Sydney Harbour Bridge just as 'iconic' as the Tyne Bridge? Applying it only to one of the named bridges here just looks like subjective bias. Such a reference would properly belong in the article devoted to the bridge itself, not here. I don't think this article needs this word at all. Blurryman (talk) 23:08, 2 April 2017 (UTC)
 * So is your confused single paragraph here about development history of bridges, or about a descriptive word in this article? Yes, the Sydney Harbour bridge is equally iconic to the Tyne - Of this type of bridge, these are the two worldwide that are distinctive icons of their cities. Runcorn Bridge might almost make such a case, but hardly Runcorn. Both are iconic representations of their cities, not of the bridge type. Hells Gate is not similarly well known or recognised, for either the location or the type.
 * I cannot imagine why you would present the Tyne Bridge as "the original example of this type of bridge design". Fortunately only you seem to be advocating this. Although a moment's study will show that it's distinctly different from either Hells Gate or Sydney, having an arch truss that is far shallower, and obviously independent of the masonry towers. However WP does not describe bridge design to such a level of detail.
 * Other than simply repeating your own deletion, which no-one else seems to have agreed with, what's your point? Andy Dingley (talk) 23:59, 2 April 2017 (UTC)
 * I agree with the removal of "iconic". Unsourced terms such as this fall under WP:PEACOCK. Meters (talk) 18:25, 3 April 2017 (UTC)
 * the most celebrated and most iconic of the seven bridges crossing the River Tyne Calls for the the iconic Tyne Bridge to be given a facelift as it starts to look a bit shabby The Iconic Tyne Bridge Newcastle upon Tyne's iconic Quayside and Tyne Bridge Andy Dingley (talk) 22:10, 3 April 2017 (UTC)
 * The majority of those sources are not something we can use. Two of them are nothing but sites selling photos, and one's a tourism site. Not even close to being reliable sources for the use of such a term. The Chronicle may an acceptable source (I'd prefer something non-local), but it (and the others, for that matter) do not describe the bridge as an iconic example of a through arch bridge. If you intended to say that this bridge is simply an icon of the particular city then the place to do so is in the article about the bridge, or the city, not here. It's not appropriate in this article, and it is confusing since it can be interpreted as meaning that the bridge is an iconic example of the type of bridge. In my opinion, this term should be left out. I would only accept it with a citation to an authority on bridge design history calling this an iconic example, and even then I would probably use it as a direct quote to show that it was a subjective term used by a particular expert. Meters (talk) 22:36, 3 April 2017 (UTC)
 * But no-one is describing it " as an iconic example of a through arch bridge", rather it (and Sydney) are iconic representations of their city. You claimed this was unsourced, and implicitly unsourceable. Clearly it isn't. Andy Dingley (talk) 22:42, 3 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Then, as I said, it does not belong in this article at all. We don't need puffery about which bridges are considered iconic representations of their cities. I am in full agreement with User:Blurryman. Meters (talk) 22:46, 3 April 2017 (UTC)
 * And I clearly did not say it was implicitly unsourceable. Meters (talk) 22:48, 3 April 2017 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Through arch bridge


text:
Al-Adil I

Al-Adil I (العادل, in full al-Malik al-Adil Sayf ad-Din Abu-Bakr Ahmed ibn Najm ad-Din Ayyub, الملك العادل سيف الدين أبو بكر بن أيوب, "Ahmed, son of Najm ad-Din Ayyub, father of Bakr, the Just King, Sword of the Faith"; 1145 – 31 August 1218) was the fourth Sultan of Egypt and Syria, and brother of Saladin, who founded both the Sultanate of Egypt, and the Ayyubid dynasty. He was known to the Crusaders as Saphadin (derived from his laqab or honorific title Sayf ad-Din, meaning "Sword of Faith"), a name by which he is still known in the Western world. A gifted and effective administrator and organizer, Al-Adil provided crucial military and civilian support for the great campaigns of Saladin (an early example of a great minister of war). He was also a capable general and strategist in his own right, and was instrumental in the transformation of the decayed Fatimid Caliphate of Cairo into the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt.

Early life

Al-Adil was a son of Najm ad-Din Ayyub, he was member of Kurdish Ayyubid family and a younger brother of Saladin. He was born in June 1145, possibly in Damascus. He first achieved distinction as an officer in Nur ad-Din Zengi's army during his uncle Shirkuh's third and final campaign in Egypt (1168–1169); following Nur ad-Din's death in 1174, Al-Adil governed Egypt on behalf of his brother Saladin and mobilized that country's vast resources in support of his brother's campaigns in Syria and his war against the Crusaders (1175–1183). He was governor of Aleppo (1183–1186) but returned to administer Egypt during the Third Crusade (1186–1192); as governor of Saladin's northern provinces (1192–1193), he suppressed the revolt of 'Izz Al-Din of Mosul following Saladin's death (March 1193). On Saladin's death he was governor of Damascus.

In 1190, King Richard I of England suggested to Al-Adil a marriage with his younger sister Joan of England, then his niece Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, but both were in vain, as Al-Adil showed no interest in Christianity.

Struggle for succession of Saladin
The key question in the ruling Ayyubid family following the death of Saladin was whether power would remain with Saladin's own sons, or be distributed more widely among its various branches, or, indeed, be concentrated in the hands of al-Adil himself. Saladin had required all the Amirs to swear loyalty to his son al-Afdal Ali, but after his death some of his other sons would not accept al-Afdal's overlordship. In the disputes which followed al-Adil often found himself in the position of honest broker between al-Afdal Ali and his brother al-Aziz Uthman, trying to keep the peace. Eventually however al-Adil concluded that al-Afdal Ali was simply unfit to rule, and he supported al-Aziz Uthman to become Sultan in his place, forcing his brother into exile. Al-Aziz Uthman's death in 1198 following a riding accident reopened the dynastic struggles once again. Al-Afdal Ali was invited back to Egypt to act as regent to al-Aziz Uthman's twelve-year-old successor, al-Mansur Mohammed. From this power base he joined forces with his brother az-Zahir Ghazi to try and drive al-Adil out of Damascus, which they besieged. Al-Adil, skilfully played his nephews off against each other, and suborned the vassals of both from their allegiance. The arrival of al-Khamil, al-Adil's son, at Damascus with reinforcements and continuing quarrels led to the ending of the siege in December 1199. Al-Afdal retreated to Egypt, but his uncle pursued him and defeated his army at Bilbeis. Fleeing to Cairo, al-Afdal sued for peace on any terms he could get from al-Adil; stripped of Egypt he was promised the cities of Samosata and Mayyafaraqin. On 17 February 1200 al-Adil proclaimed himself 'sultan'. Al-Afdal was refused control of Mayyafaraqin by another of al-Adil's sons, al-Auhad. Al-Afdal once again allied with az-Zahir and the two brothers once more besieged Damascus. However, dissension again broke out between them, with al-Afdal eventually losing the will to continue fighting. Al-Adil confirmed al-Afdal's rule over Samosata, Saruj and a number of other towns. Az-Zahir admitted his uncle's suzerainty in the Spring of 1202, and al-Adil had succeeded in exerting his authority over all the Ayyubid dominions.

Rule
After his victory, he ruled wisely and well over both Egypt and Syria for nearly two decades, promoting trade and good relations with the Crusader states (1200–1217). For much of his reign however the effective ruler of Egypt was his son Al-Kamil.

The reign of al Adil was generally more one of consolidation than of expansion. He was in his late fifties by the time he consolidated his power, and by that time had been almost constantly at war for two decades. His first concern was to rebuild his treasury, which had been left almost empty by his brother's empire-building, the wars with the Crusaders and the struggles within the Ayyubid dynasty itself. Al-Adil introduced reforms both to the currency and to the taxation system. The effectiveness of his measures can be judged from the relatively rapid recovery Egypt made from an earthquake in 1200 (597) and the low flooding of the Nile between 1199 and 1202 (595–98). The resulting drought and famine were serious threats, but by a range of measures including sending his soldiers out to work the land, al-Adil ensured continued social and political stability as well as economic recovery.

Avoiding a new crusade was the second main concern of al-Adil's reign, and to this end he encouraged trade with European merchants, calculating that if the trading cities of the Mediterranean had a stake in peaceful trade they would be less inclined to support a new Crusade. He was not entirely successful in this, and there were Frankish naval raids on Rosetta in 1204 (600) and Damietta in 1211 (607).

His third concern was to maintain hegemony within the Ayyubid domains without resort to force. He proved to be a skilled diplomat in this respect and managed to avoid any confrontations after 1201. Of particular importance was the marriage of his daughter Dayfa Khatun to Saladin's son Az-Zahir Ghazi of Aleppo in 1212, which marked the end of the rivalry between the two branches of the family. Al-Adil also undertook a major programme of refortification throughout his domains, and the massive citadel of Damascus was one of his most notable achievements in this respect.

Al-Adil's territorial ambitions were focused far away from the main centres of Ayyubid rule, in southern Anatolia and northern Iraq. He succeeded over time in bringing much of the old Zengid dominions, apart from Mosul and Sinjar, under his control, as well as the region around Lake Van. He took Ahlat in 1207 and brought to an end the rule of the Ahlatshahs.

Death and legacy
One of the main objects of al-Adil's foreign policy was to avoid provoking the launching of a new Crusade. However, in September 1217 (Jumada II 612) a new crusader army disembarked at Acre. Al-Adil was totally unprepared for this assault and despite being seventy-two years of age he hurriedly took his forces into Palestine to engage with them. The campaigns in Palestine did not bring him any notable success however, and in August 1218 (Jumada 1 615) he received the shocking news that a second Crusader force had landed in Egypt and were attacking Damietta. He fell ill and died while on campaign (August 1218) and was succeeded by his son Malik Al-Kamil.

Al Adil's rule was decisive in determining the shape of the Ayyubid realm for many years to come. After him, the succession in Egypt and to the coveted title of Sultan remained in the eldest male line of his successors. His descendants also controlled the critical border fortress of Mayyafariqin in the far northeast of the Ayyubid realm. Elsewhere, Saladin's descendants retained Aleppo, and the family of Al-Adil's other brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah held Baalbek and Hama. Homs was held by the descendants of Al-Adil's uncle Shirkuh. Damascus became the main focus of rivalry between different branches of the family, changing hands a number of times before Ayyubid rule came to an end.

Family
Al-Adil had 16 sons and several daughters, including Malik Al-Kamil, Malik Al-Ashraf Musa, Dayfa Khatun, Al-Awhad Ayyub, Al-Mu'azzam Isa, and Al-Muzaffar Ghazi.

title: Al-Adil I


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Andy chu

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 06:38, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Andy chu
I speedied this one, but restored it following a complaint. A google search for "Andy Chu" and "Spinningplates" reveals nothing. Looks like vanity, if not a total hoax. CJCurrie 03:16, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, possible vanity. Megan1967 04:42, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Entire text "Born 1979, in Fullerton California. Founded Spinningplates in 2004;" no inbound links. The anon creator's one other contribution was "I can't believe anyone can edit this!" on Simón Bolívar. Delete. Samaritan 05:30, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Should've stayed speedy. Be strong, CJ, and don't give into complaints so readily. -R. fiend 06:59, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, keep in mind that my decision to restore it and list it here gave me the opportunity to indulge in some really dry sarcasm on the author's talk page ... CJCurrie 18:56, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No information of any use - any article that requires someone to google to understand it is not a good article. If someone complained about the speedy, they should have been willing to write a better article on him, and learn to capitalise correctly. Average Earthman 09:54, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No useful content or history. But it's probably a good idea this coming to VfD on request even though it was IMO a valid speedy. Our primary goal is just the article namespace, but two valid secondary goals are to encourage new potential contributors and to avoid creating or encouraging trolls. These are sometimes tricky. Andrewa 14:13, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as vanity/sandbox escapee. Off to see the aforementioned sarcasm! - Lucky 6.9 00:06, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. Carrp | Talk 04:34, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Cornelia Rau

Cornelia Rau is a German and Australian citizen who was unlawfully detained for a period of ten months in 2004 and 2005 as part of the Australian Government's mandatory detention program.

Her detention became the subject of a government inquiry which was later expanded to investigate over 200 other cases of suspected unlawful detention by the Australian government's Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA).

She disappeared from Manly Hospital on 17 March 2004, and, in February 2005, it was revealed that she had been unlawfully detained at Brisbane Women's Correctional Centre, a prison, and later at Baxter Detention Centre, after being classified as a suspected illegal immigrant or non-citizen by the Immigration Department when she refused to reveal her true identity.

Rau was the inspiration for the character Sofie Werner portrayed by Yvonne Strahovski in the 2020 show Stateless.

Life in Australia
Rau arrived in Australia from Germany in 1967, aged eighteen months. Her family lived in Australia until 1980 when they returned to Germany. They lived there for two years, then moved to Asia and once again to Australia in 1983 where they remained. Although Rau is still a German citizen and spoke some German at home, at school and elsewhere she spoke English.

Rau attended an art school and worked in hospitality before taking a job as a flight attendant with Qantas. In April 1998, Rau joined Kenja Communication, a cult, but was apparently expelled from the organisation following a Kenja event in Melbourne.

Mental illness
In October 1998, Rau was hospitalised for three months, after unstable behaviour probably brought on by a Kenja artistic festival. At the time, she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder, but doctors later diagnosed her with schizophrenia. At one point, doctors believed that Rau had schizoaffective disorder.

Between January 1999 and March 2004, Rau was hospitalised several more times after further incidents of unstable behaviour. On several occasions, she disappeared for a few days, and sometimes she travelled overseas, but she had always returned or made contact with her family, usually with her sister, Christine Rau. On 1 December 2003, Rau disappeared, and was reported missing to the police by her family, but she soon returned. Rau was prescribed medication for her condition and was often re-admitted to hospital, but did not like the treatment because of its side effects. Eventually Rau's doctors and her family scheduled a community treatment order hearing for 18 March 2004, which would have compelled Rau to take her medication.

Disappearance
On 17 March 2004, Rau discharged herself from Manly Hospital and disappeared. The following day, Manly Hospital reported Rau to the New South Wales Police as a "missing patient", although they did not consider her to be in any serious danger.

On 29 March 2004 Rau arrived at the Hann River Roadhouse in North Queensland. She was hitchhiking and travelling alone. Since it was the wet season, and she did not have a consistent plan for travel, the locals were concerned for her safety. On 30 March, locals took her from the Roadhouse to the nearby town of Coen, on the Cape York Peninsula. She was taken to the Exchange Hotel in Coen, where locals called the Queensland Police. There Rau gave several versions of her story, identifying herself as Anna Brotmeyer and Anna Schmidt, and spoke both English and German. She said that she was a tourist from Munich, Germany, and that she was planning to continue north as far as Weipa. However, she could not provide any documentation and said there was no one else in Australia who would know she was missing.

On 31 March, Queensland Police contacted the Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA) and gave it the details that Rau had provided. DIMIA said that it had no records of the arrival of any person called Anna Brotmeyer. The police returned to the Exchange Hotel, but Rau had left, and they later found her about 15 km north of the town, where they ordered her back to the Coen police station. There she gave several different stories about how and when she entered the country, none of them consistent. The police again contacted DIMIA, which advised them to detain Rau as a suspected unlawful non-citizen under the provisions of the Migration Act 1958. Rau was searched, and had a Norwegian passport, a book with two names (both different from Anna and Cornelia) on it, and A$2,413 in her possession. Later that day she was driven from Coen to Cairns.

Queensland
On 2 April, Rau was visited by Iris Indorato, the honorary consul for Germany and France in Cairns. Rau communicated with her in German, because officials did not know at the time that Rau could speak English, and it was presumed that she was a lost German citizen. Indorato said that her command of the language was fluent but "child-like" in terms of vocabulary, and that Rau could not remember basic information such as her parents' names, and where she had been born.

On 5 April, Rau was transferred to Brisbane, and to the Brisbane Women's Correctional Centre (BWCC), where she would remain for the next six months. There she was placed among the general prison population, because there are no immigration detention facilities in Queensland. Rau was technically in the custody of DIMIA, although she was in reality being cared for by BWCC and Queensland Corrective Services.

While in prison, Rau was met by Debbie Kilroy, who ran an organisation called Sisters Inside, to support women in prison. Kilroy first met her in early May, when Rau had been without medication for two months. Rau identified herself to Kilroy as Anna, but spoke to her in fluent English with an Australian accent. On several occasions, Rau asked Kilroy to contact DIMIA for her, to ask when she would be released from prison, since she "had done nothing wrong". Other prisoners stated to the media that Anna would try to phone DIMIA but was unable to, because she could not remember who she was. DIMIA's position was that it was Rau's responsibility to identify herself, not theirs.

On 29 April, a DIMIA officer contacted the Missing Persons Unit of the Queensland Police, and sent them the information they had collected about Anna. The Unit said that they had no records matching the descriptions provided. On 11 May, Rau asked if she could apply for a German passport, and DIMIA officials prepared a form filled in with her details, giving her name as Anna Schmidt. Four days later, the German Consulate in Sydney rejected the passport application, because it contained insufficient or inadequate information. On 17 June, DIMIA contacted the Australian Embassy in Berlin for assistance in identifying Rau.

Throughout June 2004, as Rau's condition deteriorated, other prisoners began to suspect that she was ill, because she would pace all day and would slam doors. Kilroy said that she attempted to raise the matter with BWCC officials, but they said that it was a DIMIA responsibility. On 5 July, Anna was one of 25 prisoners interviewed by an Ethical Standards Unit from the Government of Queensland, which was investigating claims of abuse within the prison system. During the taped interview, Anna recalled an incident in which she was sent to solitary confinement in the Detention Unit (DU), for attempting to obtain a newspaper from another room in the prison. During Rau's six months in BWCC, she spent five weeks in solitary confinement in the DU.

On 30 July, after several BWCC inmates and staff expressed concerns about Anna's welfare, the prison's psychologist recommended that she have a psychiatric evaluation, so that her mental health could be assessed. One week later, on 6 August, a BWCC officer also asked for an evaluation, to determine whether Anna could be placed in the community, rather than remain in the prison. Eventually, on 10 August, the prison psychiatrist recommended that she be taken to a hospital for a full assessment, to determine her mental health. Her report noted that Anna's behaviour was unusual, and she had poor hygiene and would behave inappropriately towards the guards, particularly the male ones. Anna was taken to Princess Alexandra Hospital in Brisbane on 20 August, where doctors spent six days assessing her. She was returned to BWCC on 26 August, after doctors failed to diagnose her schizophrenia.

Meanwhile, on 11 August, Rau's family officially reported her as a missing person to the New South Wales Police. The police launched a public appeal, advertising in newspapers and placing posters nearby. On 12 August, NSW police contacted DIMIA, to search their records for information about Rau. The search revealed nothing, and there was no further interstate cooperation. The police contacted DIMIA again six weeks later, on 24 September, in an attempt to discover whether Rau had left or tried to leave Australia. DIMIA replied that she had not left, and was still in the country.

By the end of September 2004, DIMIA officials were planning to move Rau to the Baxter Immigration Reception and Processing Centre (commonly known as the Baxter Detention Centre), a DIMIA facility (operated by Global Solutions Limited, or GSL) near the town of Port Augusta in South Australia. Rau refused to sign the transfer forms, but, on 6 October, she was transferred to Baxter anyway. She had to be sedated and placed in restraints in order to get her on the plane.

Baxter
Rau arrived at Baxter later that day and was referred to a psychologist there. The psychologist assessed Rau on 7 October, but was unable to diagnose schizophrenia, declaring instead that she had behavioural problems. After she would not communicate with DIMIA officials at her induction interview on 8 October, she was again referred to the psychologist, who assessed her again on 12 October. On 14 October, the psychologist reported that medication would be useless, and that Anna should be transferred to a facility such as the Villawood Immigration Detention Centre in Sydney, which had a female-only area which would be more suitable for Anna. DIMIA did not think this was appropriate, however, and did not transfer Anna, in spite of the fact that the BWCC psychiatrist had noted her inappropriate behaviour around men.

Instead, Rau was sent to the Management Unit, known simply as Management, which the Baxter psychologist had specifically warned was not a suitable long-term solution. Management consisted of solitary-confinement cells, with both the bed and the toilet visible to Baxter staff through the windows. Rau was entitled to four hours each day outside her cell (although not in the company of other detainees), and, whenever she had to be returned to her cell, GSL officers wearing riot gear would forcibly put her into the cell, according to Sister Claudette Cusack.

On 3 November, Rau refused to talk to the psychologist and, on 6 November, was scheduled for an assessment by a psychiatrist, Dr. Andrew Fruckacz, who recommended that she be taken to a hospital. He could not make a certain diagnosis, but he believed that schizophrenia was a possibility, along with a personality disorder. A psychiatrist from Glenside Mental Health Service, a campus of the Royal Adelaide Hospital, was told about Anna's behaviour, and said that her problems were behavioural, and not mental-health related. The Rural and Remote Mental Health Service (RRMHS) offered a videoconference, but Baxter officials instead wanted Anna to be admitted to a hospital, because they believed that she would not cooperate with a video assessment. On 17 November, the RRMHS took Anna off the waiting list for hospital treatment, without informing officials at Baxter, who believed that their request was still being considered.

Despite Dr. Fruckacz's recommendations, Rau was put into Management for a second time. Later, she was moved to the Red 1 compound, specially built to prevent riots and to hold rowdy detainees. There they are separated from the general population, isolated and held indoors for eighteen hours a day.

At a Management Unit meeting on 24 November, Anna's case manager said that she thought that Anna was not German at all but an Australian with German parents. Other staff at Baxter, as well as DIMIA staff in Canberra, were informed of this opinion. Previously, on 12 November, the German Consulate in Melbourne had decided to try to identify Anna. They contacted an officer of the Victoria Police, who, in turn, contacted the DIMIA headquarters in Canberra. DIMIA contacted the consulate on 6 December, but neither had made any progress. Meanwhile, on 22 December, police in Manly, New South Wales contacted DIMIA, without providing photographs or other information, to see if Rau had used her Australian passport to leave the country.

In late December, a group of Christian ministers, including Sister Claudette Cusack, who worked at Baxter, wrote to DIMIA about Anna and other detainees who appeared to have mental-health issues. Father Arno Vermeeren, who also works at Baxter, raised his concerns about Anna and the Red 1 compound with the Immigration Detention Advisory Group (IDAG), shortly before a scheduled inspection. None of these concerns were addressed.

On 5 January 2005, the German Consulate in Melbourne told DIMIA that without information such as fingerprints, they would not be able to identify Anna and, on 14 January, said that officials in Germany had also made no progress. Rau herself contacted the consulate on 20 January, still identifying herself as Anna Schmidt, but staff told her that they still required more information. Consular staff later told Anna's case manager at Baxter that Anna's "child-like" command of the German language was consistent with Anna being an Australian of German background, corroborating the case manager's suspicion from the 24 November meeting. It was noted in the Palmer Inquiry that, at times, Anna would speak English with an Australian accent and, at other times, with a German accent, alongside also speaking German.

Meanwhile, on 4 January, psychologists at Baxter contacted RRMHS again, and Glenside officials finally investigated the information sent to them in November 2004. On 7 January, a doctor from International Health and Medical Services (IHMS), a DIMIA sub-contractor, examined Anna again and suggested that she might have schizophrenia, or at least a schizophrenia-related condition. On 24 January, DIMIA officials in Canberra discussed with Glenside doctors the possibility of committing Anna. The IHMS doctor again tried to assess Anna on 31 January, but he could not get her to cooperate, and, on 2 February, the doctor contacted a psychiatrist at Glenside, who said that Anna should be assessed under the South Australian Mental Health Act 1993 for possible committal. The doctor assessed Anna on the next day and, after consulting with the Glenside doctor, committed Anna.

Discovery
On 31 January 2005, The Age newspaper in Melbourne published a story by Andra Jackson, entitled "Mystery woman at Baxter may be ill". The story was seen by friends of the Rau family, who thought that the woman the article referred to could be Cornelia Rau, so they contacted the family. The family, in turn, contacted the New South Wales Police, who emailed DIMIA officials at Baxter with details and photographs of Rau. Soon, DIMIA staff officially identified Anna as Cornelia Rau. Later that night, South Australia Police officers entered Baxter and removed Rau. She was transported to the nearby Port Augusta Hospital and, on the morning of 4 February, committed to the Glenside Hospital mental health facility.

Inquiry
On 9 February 2005, the Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, Senator Hon, Amanda Vanstone, announced that former Australian Federal Police commissioner Mick Palmer would be conducting an inquiry into the circumstances around the detention of Rau. This would become known as the Palmer Inquiry. On 2 May, the terms of reference were expanded to allow Palmer to investigate the wrongful deportation of Vivian Solon to the Philippines in 2001.

The report of the Palmer Inquiry was released on 14 July 2005. Senator Vanstone tabled the report in Parliament and held a press conference along with Prime Minister John Howard, in which they apologised to Rau and Solon. Labor Immigration spokesperson Tony Burke criticised the Inquiry, saying that only a Royal Commission would have the necessary powers to investigate the situation properly. Cornelia Rau herself said that she wanted Senator Vanstone to be replaced as Immigration Minister by someone from an ethnic background. In July 2005, and again later in the year, the government promised that Rau would be compensated. In February 2008, lawyers for Rau accepted an increased offer of compensation on her behalf later confirmed at A$2.6 million.

Current life
In May 2008, Rau was cleared to travel by a psychiatrist in Adelaide, but was subsequently "held in isolation at a Hamburg hospital" in a closed ward for 7 weeks until late October 2008. She had been living in Adelaide under the guardianship of the Public Advocate. Her family expressed disbelief that she was allowed overseas travel while also on an authorised "three- to six-month break from her medication".

Rau was arrested while behaving erratically in the city of Tafila, Jordan in February 2009. Local officials say she was taken into custody for failing to pay hotel and taxi bills. The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs says Australian authorities will continue to provide aid to Rau. She returned to Australia on 22 March 2009, accompanied by two medics, her lawyer and Australian Federal Police. She arrived in Sydney then flew to Adelaide where she was taken to Queen Elizabeth Hospital with her nurse and guardian.

title: Cornelia Rau


text:
L'Express (disambiguation)

L'Express is a French weekly news magazine.

L'Express may also refer to:

 * L'Express Airlines, a commuter airline in the southern United States between 1989 and 1992
 * L'Express de Madagascar, a French-language daily newspaper published in Madagascar
 * L'Express de Timmins, a Canadian weekly newspaper
 * L'Express (Toronto) (formerly L'Express de Toronto), a French-language weekly newspaper published in Toronto, Canada
 * L'Express (Mauritius), a daily newspaper published in Mauritius since 1963
 * L'Express (Neuchâtel), a daily newspaper published in Neuchâtel, Switzerland
 * L'Express (Ottawa), a Canadian weekly newspaper
 * Le Vif/L'Express, a French-language weekly news magazine published in Brussels, Belgium

title: L'Express (disambiguation)


text:
Nagahoribashi Station

Nagahoribashi Station (長堀橋駅, Nagahoribashi-eki) is a railway station on the Osaka Metro in Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan. It is very close to Shinsaibashi Station, within a five minute walk.

Lines

 * Osaka Metro
 * Sakaisuji Line (K16)
 * Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line (N16)

Layout

 * Platform for each line is an island platform with two tracks.
 * The platform for the Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line is fenced with platform gates.
 * Sakaisuji Line

 * Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line

Around the station

 * Crysta Nagahori

Stations next to Nagahoribashi
!colspan=5|Osaka Metro

title: Nagahoribashi Station


text:
Jeremy Fisher

Jeremy Fisher (born Jeremy Binns; December 15, 1976) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. Fisher is based in Ottawa, Ontario, and was previously based on Vancouver Island, B.C., Montreal, Quebec, and in Seattle, Washington, US. Fisher's work is heavily influenced by folk and blues music, and his songs feature accompaniment by acoustic guitar, slide guitar and harmonica.

Life and career
Fisher's mother, Judy Binns, is from Newfoundland, Canada. Fisher was a member of the Hamilton All Star Jazz Band at Westdale Secondary School (Class of 1995), attended Camp Gesher in 1999, and became a camp counsellor at YMCA Wanakita.

He performed with the band The Obvious under the name Jeremy Binns, and some of his early songs that he performed with The Obvious, including "Lemon Meringue Pie" and "Kiss the Moon" are on his later albums. In 1999, The Obvious put out a self-titled CD.

To support his 2001 independent debut album, Back Porch Spirituals, Fisher spent six months touring from Seattle, across Canada to Halifax, Nova Scotia by bicycle. The tour, dubbed "One Less Tourbus", travelled 7,500 kilometres, included 30 performances, and worked with the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy to raise funds for the "Tour des", promoting access to bicycle transport and to education for girls in Africa. Fisher has also performed as a sidewalk busker.

Let It Shine, his first album on a major label (Sony BMG Music Canada), was released on October 12, 2004. "High School", the second single from the album, won wide airplay on Canadian commercial radio and music television in early 2005.

In February and March 2005, Fisher toured Canada with Sarah Slean, and in April, he was a featured performer in the Canada Performing Arts Program at Expo 2005 in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

In 2006, Jeremy toured with Xavier Rudd and opened for Rex Goudie on Rex's Outports Tour 2006.

Fisher dueted with Canadian industrial music supergroup Jakalope on the track "Unsaid" from their Born 4 album, released in 2006.

His third album, entitled Goodbye Blue Monday, with fellow Canadian Hawksley Workman, was released on March 27, 2007, by his new record label, Aquarius Records. The single "Cigarette" was serviced to radio in Canada after a surprise add at Toronto radio station 104.5 CHUM-FM in early 2007. A home-made video for the song has been viewed over two million times on YouTube. On August 20, 2007, Fisher made his U.S. television debut on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson. The following night, he again appeared on the Late Late Show but this time with Craig Northey and Pat Steward of Odds. Goodbye Blue Monday was released in the United States on August 28, 2007, through Wind-up Records.

In April and May 2008, Fisher opened for The Proclaimers on their North American tour. He also opened for several of Great Big Sea's Ontario shows in September 2009, eventually making a guest appearance on their 2010 album Safe Upon the Shore.

His album Flood was released on October 26, 2010, followed in 2012 by Mint Juleps.

In June 2012, he launched a "Catch and Release" series with singer-songwriter Jim Bryson, in which the two musicians collaborated on a project to write and release a song in a single day. The first song in the series, "The Age of Asparagus", was released on June 7, 2012.

His 2014 album, The Lemon Squeeze, features a duet with Serena Ryder.

In February 2021 he released Hello Blue Monday, an album of new rerecordings of songs from Goodbye Blue Monday.

Television series Family Law uses the song "Uh-Oh" as its opening theme.

Children's music
Fisher has also released music for children, inspired in part by making music for and with his own daughters.

His first children's album, Highway to Spell, was released on March 9, 2018, and credited to "Jeremy Fisher Junior". The album was a Canadian Folk Music Award nominee for Children's Album of the Year at the 14th Canadian Folk Music Awards.

In 2022 he created the children's television series Jeremy and Jazzy, costarring animated versions of Fisher and singer-actress Aiza Ntibarikure. Say Hello, an album of songs from the series, was a Juno Award nominee for Children's Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2023.

title: Jeremy Fisher


text:
Music in Khakassia

Khakassia is a region in Russia. The Khakas people are Turkic, and their culture, including music, has some similarities to the culture of Tuva, a neighboring region in Central Asia. Like Tuva, throat-singing is practiced in Khakassia, often accompanied by a two-stringed instrument called the khomys. A bridge zither called jadagan is also used.

The city of Abakan has hosted the International Khakass Folk Music Competition since 1995. Musicians include Anna Burnakova, Sergey Charkov, Slava Kuchenov, Aleksandr Samozhikov, Yevgeniy Ulugbashev. Folk music ensembles include Aylanys, Sabjilar, Ulgher, Khyrkhaas.

title: Music in Khakassia


text: Talk:Music in Khakassia

title: Talk:Music in Khakassia


text:
Category:Scottish Formula One drivers

This category includes all Scottish drivers who have participated in (or attempted to participate in):
 * a Formula One race, or
 * an FIA World Championship race (not all of which were Formula One races).

title: Category:Scottish Formula One drivers


text:
John Hopoate

John Hopoate (born 16 January 1974 in Tonga) is a former professional rugby league player and boxer who was involved in sport controversies and subsequently convicted for violent crimes. He played rugby league in the Tonga national rugby league team, Australian Rugby League team, NSW State of Origin team and in the National Rugby League (NRL) for Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles (including their 1996 Premiership team), Wests Tigers and the Northern Eagles. He became the "most suspended player of the modern era". In 2018 he was banned for 10 years by the NSWRL from any involvement in its and affiliated rugby league.

Hopoate was the Australian heavyweight boxing champion from 2008 to 2009.

He is the father of footballers William, Jamil, Lehi and Albert Hopoate.

Childhood and personal life
Hopoate was born in Nukualofa, Tonga on 16 January 1974. His family moved to Australia and he lived in the Manly area of Sydney before moving to the western suburbs as a teenager. Hopoate is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Rugby League career
Former Australian international Bob Fulton recruited Hopoate to the Manly club after witnessing his power and skill playing as a junior for a Manly Cove team before then going on to play in the under nineteen New South Wales team.

1993-99 Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles
Hopoate signed with the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles club in 1993 while nineteen years of age and made his first grade debut against the Canberra Raiders at Brookvale Oval 6 June the same year. He played in the Tonga national rugby league team in the 1994 Pacific Cup, however he was in and out of the first grade team on a regular basis, not holding down a regular position until 1995.

Hopoate's early season form in 1995 was sublime as he went on to score eleven tries from his first eleven first grade appearances and subsequently lead the try scoring table. After his spectacular form and try scoring feats during the 1995 season Hopoate was called up to his first senior representative match for New South Wales in game one of the 1995 State of Origin series. After a decent performance from Hopoate he was retained for the second game but then subsequently dropped from the third game because of an injury.

Over the remaining rounds of the 1995 ARL season Hopoate went on to score a total of twenty-one tries, finishing second in the top try-scoring table to teammate Steve Menzies. He was instrumental in Manly's good form leading into the finals series but Manly lost to the Bulldogs.

The Tongan rugby league team looked to pick Hopoate based on his nation of birth for the 1995 World Cup but the ARL selected him in the Kangaroos team under the residency rule. He played in the opening match of the cup yet failed to score and then made a vital mistake that became the turning point in a match that was eventually won by the English team. In the following match, against the South African team, Hopoate scored three times in the 86 to 6 victory.

In his fourth season at Manly, Hopoate was again instrumental in his team's fortunes. He began the season slowly in comparison to his previous year with only five tries over the first twenty rounds of the season but his defence had improved immensely; helping his team to concede less tries. He scored another six tries for the season including four in one game against the South Sydney Rabbitohs and ultimately helped his Manly team to their first premiership in over eight years.

In the 1997 season, Hopoate again started the season slowly, scoring only two tries in twelve games but in the round twelve match against the St. George Dragons he scored three tries and continued his form scoring eight tries in his next six games and a total of fifteen for the season.

2000-01 Wests Tigers
Signing for the newly merged Wests Tigers in 2000 Hopoate scored just five tries in the season. He was suspended several times during the season, including being charged with 'contrary conduct' in a late season game against Melbourne resulting from over ten separate incidents in that game.

In 2001, Hopoate began the season poorly, scoring only one try in several games, before involvement in incidents of inserting his fingers into the anuses of three players resulting in his being suspended for twelve weeks and agreeing to part ways with the Tigers club.

2001-02 Northern Eagles
Hopoate thought his career would be over. However, his former employers in the Manly reserve grade team signed him onto their books for the remainder of the season where his good form earned him a call-up to the Northern Eagles first grade team late in the season. Hopoate ran 3,976 metres with the ball over the 2002 NRL season, more than any other player in the competition. In the following year, he scored ten tries for the Eagles before the club disbanded in 2003.

2003-05 Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles
With the reinstatement of the Sea Eagles for the beginning of the 2003 season, Hopoate was signed to the club where he made his debut ten years earlier. He began the season with several impressive performances but, again, his on field indiscretions were the only headlines he was achieving.

His following two seasons were poor, with several on field and off field incidents earning him both fines and suspensions. In a 2005 game against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, Hopoate attempted a reckless shoulder charge, making contact to the head of forward Keith Galloway with his elbow. Hopoate was suspended for seventeen weeks by the NRL and the Manly club terminated his contract, effectively ending his career. He made a final statement on the Sea Eagles website thanking his fans and supporters and apologising to his wife Brenda and eight children.

2001 on-field indecent assaults
During a 2001 game with the North Queensland Cowboys, Hopoate inserted fingers in three players' buttocks and anuses. The first incident occurred during the seventh minute of play. The matter was referred to the rugby league judiciary on 28 March. Hopoate was suspended for 12 weeks for what one commissioner described as "disgusting, violent, offensive behaviour".

Hopoate claimed, in front of the panel of judges, that he was just trying to give all three players a wedgie with his fingers, denying he had done anything wrong and that he was "a great believer in what happens on the field should stay there". The three victims in the case, Cowboys players Glenn Morrison, Peter Jones and Paul Bowman all disagreed with Hopoate's reasoning. According to Jones, "It wasn't a wedgie. That's when your pants are pulled up your arse. I think I know the difference between a wedgie and someone sticking their finger up my bum", while Bowman said he was "disgusted" and "couldn't believe it". Hopoate was found guilty of 'unsportsmanlike interference'.

2003 breach of contract
In the 2003 season, Hopoate breached the terms of his playing contract by playing in a fifth-grade rugby union match in the Sydney competition on 9 June under a false name in an attempt to not get caught. After his Manly club found out and confronted Hopoate he admitted that he had breached his contract and was then fined $5000.

2004-5 abuse of sideline officials
During the 2004 club season, Hopoate become involved in more controversy. While leaving the field at the conclusion of a match Hopoate started a heated argument with a touch judge in which he verbally abused the official. Hopoate was given a lengthy suspension by the NRL.

In the round one clash with the New Zealand Warriors, Hopoate verbally abused a 14-year-old rugby league ball boy who had placed the ball on the sideline of the field rather than throwing it infield to the Manly player. The NRL review found that the ball boy had acted within the guidelines and Hopoate was in the wrong for his verbal assault. Hopoate apologised to the young boy claiming that "he was not aware of the proper interpretation of the rule" and was in the wrong.

2005 elbow to head incident
On 19 March 2005, Hopoate was again in trouble with the NRL, this time in a match against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. During the 30th minute of the game he made a charge at Cronulla forward Keith Galloway with his elbow in a cocked position jumping and striking Galloway in the head immediately knocking him unconscious, leaving him on the field with a laceration to and bleeding from his ear. After immediate review from the third official Hopoate was sent from the field for the remainder of the match while Galloway was stretchered from the field in a neck brace and took no further part in the game.

The NRL match review committee referred Hopoate's conduct to the NRL Judiciary. At the judiciary hearing on 22 March, Hopoate's lawyer and coach attempted to argue that he was doing nothing more than "trying to go for a shoulder charge" and that his raised arm was just an attempt to protect his ribs. His contrition carried little weight with the panel and ultimately his defence failed to convince anyone that he had done nothing wrong and he was given a seventeen-game suspension. With his season over, the Manly club, that had stood by him through many of his career indiscretions, decided they had no other choice than to terminate his contract with immediate effect on 23 March 2005.

2005 threats to junior official
On 9 December 2005, Hopoate was banned from NRL rugby league for 12 months after threatening a junior official at a local match.

2016 attempted coaching without NRL registration
In 2016, Hopoate started coaching Manly's S. G. Ball Cup side until the NRL claimed the former international was not of fit and proper character to mentor young and impressionable men, threatening the Sea Eagles with a breach notice if they did not stand Hopoate down. The NRL then released a statement saying "He is not registered to coach. Mr Hopoate has taken the matter to the Supreme Court. The NRL is contesting his case and has not changed its stance at all". In a social media post, Hopoate wrote "I'm Back, NRL asked if we can withdraw our court proceedings cause they don't have jurisdiction over SG Ball, so I can coach this week cheeho!" He followed up with the hashtag: “#NoHardFeelingsTimeToMoveOnAndLetThePastBeThePast#”. The NRL denied it had cleared Hopoate to coach, tweeting: "The NRL has NOT cleared John Hopoate to coach Manly’s SG Ball side". On 30 July 2016, Hopoate was forced to pay legal costs after he dropped his court case against the NRL. The NRL threatened to fine Manly $1 million and Hopoate $100,000 if he continued coaching.

2017 threats to New Zealand World Cup player
In October 2017, Hopoate joined The Tongan camp for The 2017 Rugby League World Cup. In the build up to the tournament New Zealand player Adam Blair commented on Jason Taumalolo's defection to Tonga saying "You've got to be a man and own up to what you want to do, If you were man enough, you'd make the phone call and tell them". On 12 October, Hopoate responded to Blair's comments saying "Who the hell is Adam Blair to come and say that?, They don't say anything when we name him in our team and that they were meant to turn up for a camp – they name him and take him out of our team, So what are they complaining about? He wants to come play for his heritage and who the hell is Adam Blair?.I'll bash Adam Blair I don't care.

2018 ten year ban for punching and threatening players
On 24 July 2018, Hopoate was charged by the NSWRL for punching opposition players while playing for the Narraweena Hawks against Forestville in a local A Grade match. It was alleged that Hopoate also threatened players of the Forestville Ferrets side. He was subsequently banned from all involvement in NSWRL rugby league for 10 years.

2018 rubber glove prank
On 17 November 2018, Hopoate played for Manly in the Legends of League charity event. He was allowed to participate because the event was not controlled by the NSWRL. Hopoate courted controversy as he wore a rubber glove on one hand during a match against Newcastle, referencing his 12-week suspension in 2001 for sticking his finger into the anus of opposition players. The media branded the prank "grubby" and "repulsive".

Boxing career
With the termination of his Sea Eagles contract effectively bringing to an end his days of playing rugby league, Hopoate announced that he would begin training in an attempt to undertake a career in professional boxing.

On 17 May 2006 he fought in his first professional boxing bout, on the undercard of the Anthony Mundine and Danny Green fight. Hopoate won his debut after only 47 seconds of the opening round, knocking out Frank "The Big Ship" Faasolo.

After the quick victory, Hopoate challenged former professional rugby league footballer Mark Geyer to a fight, citing his reasons as being "I know he hates being bagged, but for him to go sit behind a magazine and bag other players, I don't like that". Geyer turned down the challenge on the NRL Footy Show the following week.

Instead, he followed up against New Zealand fighter Alex Mene on 4 August, whom he defeated with a somewhat controversial fourth round technical knockout after the referee called a halt to the bout.

Hopoate's third fight was against Ipswich Brothers and former Gold Coast Seagulls rugby league prop forward Anthony Fowler. The pair had previously fought during an under-17 representative match 15 years earlier, but Fowler found little opportunity to trade blows with Hopoate as he was left motionless on the canvas after just 34 seconds of his only professional boxing appearance.

Subsequently, he defeated two more heavyweights from New Zealand during bouts in Queensland. Hopoate first put a finish to one-sided event against Oscar Talemaira with a first-round technical knockout on 17 November. He then knocked out Hiriwa Te Rangi on 24 February 2007 after a stiffer contest that lasted five rounds, his longest fight to date.

Hopoate then moved to a 6–0 record by dispatching the heavy-hitting Richard "Tootin'" Tutaki with a series of second round body-blows on 7 March 2007 at the Sydney Entertainment Centre, again on an Anthony Mundine undercard. Lovemore N'dou, the IBF junior welterweight champion, said after watching the bout that Hopoate is an embarrassment to the sport of boxing, and that he was disgusted with what he saw. As part of his scathing criticism of Hopoate, as well as Willie Mason's older brother Les, N'dou said: "Footballers like them thinking they can box turns what is a scientific and artistic sport into a circus. They are making fools out of themselves and fools out of a sport I love. I despise them and everything they stand for".

On 30 March 2007, Hopoate experienced his first defeat, which came by Brian Fitzgerald. The result, a split decision after six rounds, proved controversial and inspired Hopoate to say, "I'm being vilified again. It obviously has something to do with my playing days. I know I'm going to be 'John Hopoate' for the rest of my life. But I've tried to take a new road and I thought I was going along good, until this. They are racist cause I'm from Tonga, it's not bloody right. I never get a fair go from Aussies".

On 13 April 2007, Hopoate suffered his second straight loss, inflicted by former national kickboxing champion, Ben Edwards, who was making his professional boxing debut. Hopoate's performance, which was brought to an abrupt end by technical knockout after just 90 seconds of the first round, was jeered and ridiculed by the 200-odd paying spectators, several of whom were seen to throw plastic beer cups in the direction of Hopoate. With three further bouts scheduled before July, he aimed to continue his career. However, following his earlier criticism, Lovemore N'dou has commented that Hopoate needs to "learn to fight properly", as well as the more inflammatory "Hoppa should stop putting his finger up other guys anuses "; however, has now offered to help him out at no charge.

On 10 September 2008, Hopoate became Australian heavyweight boxing champion. The Sydney fighter finished defending champion Bob Mirovic deep into the ninth round of an epic bout at the Gold Coast convention centre.

Hopoate cornered "The Big Bear" Mirovic and hit him with more than six clean punches to knock the 42-year-old to the floor. Mirovic got to his feet but his trainer Jeff Fenech threw in the towel to end the fight.

After the title fight, controversy ensued, Mirovic claiming that Hopoate used illegal tactics during the bout which resulted in Mirovic having his arm broken. Mirovic believes he was illegally shoved to the ground in the sixth round, which left him with a broken arm and no hope of carrying on."I couldn't throw a punch for the final three rounds because of what Hoppa did," Mirovic said.

"I'd cop it on the chin if I lost the fight fair and square, but there's no way I'll sit back if something illegal was done to me. It was a dog act by Hoppa. I can't do anything now for three months and I'm demanding Hoppa doesn't fight anybody else until he gives me a rematch."

He fought Cliff Couser on 20 March 2009 and won the fight by technical knockout after Couser did not answer the bell for the fourth round.

Hopoate fought Oliver McCall on 22 May 2009 for the International Boxing Association (IBA) Intercontinental heavyweight title in a fight which he lost by second-round technical knockout after being knocked down twice in the fight.

He fought Bob Mirovic again on 23 July 2009, beating him on points after a gruelling 10-round match.

Hopoate fought Colin Wilson on 10 October 2009, on the undercard of the David Tua and Shane Cameron fight. Hopoate started the fight well scoring a knock down in the third round, before Colin Wilson came back from the knock down to knock Hopoate down late in the same round. Wilson went on to win the fight knocking Hopoate out in the fourth round.

Hopoate then fought Shane Cameron on 20 March 2010, losing the fight by disqualification in the second round after Hopoate wrestled with Cameron and tried throwing him to the ground more than he tried throwing punches.

On 20 December 2018, Hopoate agreed to return to the ring to fight Cronulla player Paul Gallen with the match being scheduled for 9 February 2019. Hopoate was knocked out in the second round of the bout. He said afterwards "I got caught by a good punch and I can’t hide from that, I went to sleep and fell over".

Criminal charges
In December 2010, Hopoate was charged with assault occasioning actual bodily harm and affray following an incident at the Trademark Hotel in Kings Cross, New South Wales where he worked. Hopoate was employed as a Responsible Service of Alcohol marshall and not for security.

In August 2013, Hopoate pleaded guilty to intimidating a parking officer outside the Trademark Hotel in June 2013. He was fined $400 over the incident.

In May 2016, Hopoate was arrested and charged with common assault after an incident involving an employee of a Crows Nest supermarket. Hopoate subsequently pleaded guilty. He was sentenced to a $1500 fine and an 18-month good behaviour bond.

title: John Hopoate


text:
L'Express (Toronto)

L'Express, formerly L'Express de Toronto, is a French-language weekly newspaper, published in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The paper concentrates primarily on local and regional news for Franco-Ontarians in the Greater Toronto Area and Central Ontario, although it has also published a smaller selection of national and international news coverage. It is considered one of the most important francophone media outlets in Canada outside of Quebec; for instance, in Jacques Parizeau's first trip outside of Quebec after winning the 1994 Quebec provincial election, L'Express was the only media outlet besides the national CBC Prime Time News to whom he granted an interview.

The newspaper was founded in 1976 by Jean Mazaré, a student at the Ontario College of Art. The current publisher is Eric Mazaré. Contributing journalists include Aline Ayoub, Jacqueline Brodie, Annik Chalifour, Martin Francoeur, Benoit Legault, Gérard Lévesque, Nathalie Prézeau, Gabriel Racle, Aurélie Resch, Charles-Antoine Rouyer, Paul-François Sylvestre and Monique Telmosse.

In 2018, L'Express was admonished by the Canadian Internet Registration Authority for deceptively using the web domain name lemetropolitain.ca, which closely resembles the lemetropolitain.com domain name of the competing publication Le Métropolitain, to direct readers to L'Express.

title: L'Express (Toronto)


text:
Talk:Cornelia Rau

Introductory talk
I really wanted to get this article underway. There's a lot of work that needs to be done, obviously, but I don't have time this afternoon. I'm hoping that this will get fleshed out pretty quickly. Cnwb 03:23, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, if only I knew how to use the timeline templates. Alphax (t) (c) (e) 01:47, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

I am genuinely puzzled as to why this article would be encyclopedic. I'd rather have thought it was a topic for WikiNews. To me, this looks like an absolutely minor incident in Australian politics. Furthermore, the article is mistitled: it is not about Cornelia Rau (who, herself, seems to be utterly unnoteworthy). Instead, the article deals with some unfortunate inabilities of officials of different Australian states to communicate and the consequences of an apparent lack of a nation-wide register for missing persons. So what? Also, this is not a (because it isn't a biography). Let's transwiki this to Wikinews. Lupo 10:03, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Lupo, I think the case of Cornelia Rau is just a part of the bigger picture of how my (Australian) government treats asylum seekers and other illegal imigrants entering the country. If one of our own citizens can be locked up for almost a year, what hope does a real foreigner have? And now it's been revealed that a Phillipine-born Australian was deported back in 2001. This is an important and on-going issue for Australia, not simply a passing event. It forms a continuum with the MV Tampa incident, Children overboard affair, and other incidents.

 * At the moment, this article is rather long and at least needs better formatting. There's a lot of unnecessary details and quotes included from newspaper articles. If these newspaper articles are available online, then that information should be mostly removed (except for the key points) and a link provided at the end. Perhaps later some of the information can be moved to another page(s). Imroy 09:27, 2005 May 8 (UTC)

 * It's also notable as triggering an inquiry by a Senate Select Committee into Mental Health in Australia. Relatively micro political movements, but it adds up to macros sociological consequences.

The article claims that she is "Australian", ie a citizen of the country. It also says that she arrived in Australia when she was 18 months old. Various government ministers including the Prime Minister are on record saying that she is a "resident" and this has not been modified by the media or the family. The legal status is different in each case. I intend to clarify this point when it has been researched further. Peter Ellis 15:10, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * She describes herself as "a German citizen and a permanent Australian resident...". interview transcript Monday 23 May 2005 Peter Ellis 06:19, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Rewrite
Now that the Palmer Report is out, I've completely rewritten the article to only include correct information, and remove all the unsourced quotes from various people. I'll be putting quotes back in over the next few days as I find the sources for them, but now that almost all the facts are out there's no excuse for not backing up any content without sources. --bainer (talk) 05:12, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

John Howard article; Rau an Australian citizen?
The John Howard article states she is an Australian citizen.--220.238.245.138 12:11, 28 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I think she is now - I think she was naturalised this January on Australia day (ie 26 Jan 2006) but maybe I'm thinking of someone else. Does anyone remember? Donama 01:33, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

Reference links broken
Viewing the article as an anonymous viewer, all the numbered reference links point to unnumbered Notes. This appears contrary to Wikipedia formatting standards, and furthermore makes the references nigh on unusable. Could someone fix this please? -213.219.187.234 11:13, 1 April 2006 (UTC)
 * These are in the process of being fixed. I got up to the "detention" section. The first few sections are using the new reference formatting standard. I'll finish them later or someone else will - hopefully with a bot to do it automatically. Donama 01:32, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

Fuss over categories
I'm going to write a note about this right here on the Oz Wikipedian's talk page. — Donama 01:46, 19 May 2006 (UTC)

Kenja
Is the comment "after her unstable behaviour probably brought on by a Kenja "Eisteddfod"" verifiable? I think it might be true myself, but is it stating an opinion rather than a fact? - Wikipeterproject 13:57, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

Date of diagnosis
Do we have a source for when Rau was first diagnosed with schizophrenia? The article is unclear. --Pete 01:43, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

Sunday report
This edit Immigration officials repeatedly failed to diagnose her schizophrenia. is actually not supported by the source supplied. Is there a better source than this? Also, it probably doesn't deserve to be in the lede. A better sourced note in the mental illness section is probably more appropriate.  Shot info  00:18, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The Sydney Morning Herald has more information about her schizophrenia here, however, due to a current edit war, I am unable to add it to the article. -- Lester  02:39, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Thus, a good oppoturnity to present a proposal here on talk. Keep it well referenced, the interpretation tight, and let's not throw around allusions to less than "frank" agendas. And I'm sure the community will respond in good faith and collaboratively. :-) --Merbabu 04:27, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The existing wording, Immigration officials repeatedly failed to diagnose her schizophrenia is about as brief as it can get. The SMH article (above) goes into much more detail about how poorly the prison treated her, how she wasn't given her schizophrenia medication for two months, and after the prison psychiatrist said there was no mental illness, she was disciplined and held in solitary confinement. The solitary bit is covered in the body of the article, referenced directly to the Palmer inquiry. Some people (in the edit comment boxes) have stated that the lack of a schizophrenia diagnosis is not relevant, but from what I can see, the schizophrenia is the reason Cornelia Rau was incarcerated, and the wrong diagnosis is why she was put in solitary (as the SMH says). I would support a brief mention of all those points in the intro, which can be covered in more detail in the body of the article.-- Lester  05:25, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The point as to when she was first diagnosed is key. Was it before or after she was examined after detention? Also, saying that immigration officials failed to diagnose her is meaningless. What were these officials? Clerks? --Pete 09:15, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Skyring(Pete), you are just proving to everyone that you don't even bother reading the content of what you revert in your edit waring. People painstakingly find information, just for you to come along and start a revert war, without even reading, understanding or knowing what you are reverting. Your poor explanations display your unwillingness to grasp the subject you are waring over.-- Lester  21:43, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * On the contrary. You don't seem to have grasped the points being made:
 * When was she first diagnosed? I haven't read every reference, but it seems logical that the date of first diagnosis is key. If she doesn't yet have a condition, then failure to diagnose it is unsurprising. When was she first diagnosed with schizophrenia? Before or after detention? This is not mentioned in our article.
 * Why should "immigration officials" be lambasted for not diagnosing a psychiatric condition? Our readers, on seeing the term "immigration official" are presumably going to think of bureaucrats. I can't see that any of the specialists consulted on this were actually immigration officials.
 * Would it be too much for you to address these points, repeatedly raised, before abusing other editors for "just proving to everyone that you don't even bother reading the content "? --Pete 23:19, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Skyring(Pete), the Sunday story from 2005, which is the subject of this discussion, has this line:
 * "Diagnosed first with bi-polar disorder then schizophrenia 5 years ago, Cornelia had been in and out of psychiatric hospitals in Sydney."
 * The year 2005 - 5 = 2000. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 2000. This is the reference you deleted, before asking when was she diagnosed. -- Lester  13:45, 22 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for uncovering that. I think it's pretty weak and a shade ambiguous, but taken together with other sources referring to medication, I'll accept that she was first diagnosed before detention. --Pete 21:01, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

 * More importantly, the source doesn't support it. Sure there may be sources supporting that she has schizophrenia, but the source doesn't support the edit in the article.   Shot info  10:03, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * What do you mean, 'Shot info'? The SMH article (linked a few posts above this) clearly shows how they failed to diagnose schizophrenia for some time, thought she was just a trouble maker and locked her up. It will be added as a second reference as soon as the edit waring stops. Click on the SMH story and use your browser to word search schizophrenia..-- Lester  21:32, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

As the above concerns have already been addressed by the previous NineMSN story and the Sydney Morning Herald story, I will restore the original schizophrenia information to the article, with both those references.-- Lester  22:31, 18 October 2007 (UTC) Someone questioned the notability of the issue. The countless news articles, feature articles, and of course the Palmer Report (all accessible by Googling) prove that notability is unquestionable.-- Lester  22:43, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * As usual, 'Lester' reinserts contested material without even attempting to develop consensus. From the SHM article "Prisons everywhere face the problem of distinguishing bad behaviour from mental collapse. Anna's behaviour had been odd from the beginning. The first doctor to examine her at Wacol put this down to her being "a stranger in a strange land". By May, Anna had been two months without medication for schizophrenia and was showing distressing signs of what prison records called "unusual behaviour and poor hygiene". She paced; she stared; she hoarded food; her moods swung about; she wouldn't wash."  So, please show us where in this source it says that the department failed to diagnose her, because your source says that she was in a prison ("Wacol") and that the prision failed to diagnose her.  So 'Lester' please show us how the source backs up the article.  Because how the article stands at the moment is OR, after all, it is just as accurate to say "Editor 'Lester' repeatedly failed to diagnose her schizophrenia.".  Incidently, the "because" in the sentence is a bit of a redflag why it doesn't belong in the lede.  It is appropriate to have in the detention section which (gasp) it is.  Following 'Lesters' example, will proceed to make the changes.   Shot info  23:05, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * First, please keep your posts non-personal. The immigration department is responsible for all that goes on within the detention centres, even though they outsource a lot of the work to private companies. It was the immigration department that had the responsibility of determining who the person they are locking up is. The immigration department has the ultimate responsibility of care for those they detain. To say the Immigration Department failed to detect Rau's schizophrenia is accurate, even though a subcontractor or doctor the Immigration Department paid for may have been the actual one who performed the misdiagnoses. The Sydney Morning Herald article details how doctors (who were paid for by the Department) failed to diagnose her schizophrenia. We don't need to say "Doctor XYZ failed", we need to say the Immigration Department (who's care Rau was in) failed to diagnose the condition.-- Lester  03:42, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Your source still fails to back up your edit. You need to resort to WP:SYN to make it work.  I strongly encourage you to review this policy before continuing to edit.   Shot info  03:49, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The SMH/David Marr article comes in 2 parts: Part 1 and Part 2. Actually, I think there is enough information here to justify much harder wording. We should say "The Immigration Department failed in its duty of care to diagnose Cornelia Rau's schizophrenia and failed to give her the appropriate medical treatment she required."-- Lester  04:14, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Anytime now, you're going to read WP:OR, then comprehend that the expression "Duty of Care" does not appear in your sources. Then perhaps one day, you will comprehend that your edits have to be substanciated by your sources, rather than just, well...made up.  I will leave it up to you to understand why your edits are then reverted with little explanation other than a reference to a Wikipedia Policy.   Shot info  07:13, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Reversions like that should never have "little explanation".-- Lester  13:56, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I've re-added the schizophrenia info to the article, including that the Immigration Department was found to have failed its "duty of care". References back it up. -- Lester  13:53, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

Lester has again inserted bad prose which is better explained later in the article, he should read the {{WP:MOS|Manual of style]]. Prester John {{sup| -(Talk to the Hand)}} 17:06, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * If "bad prose" was really the issue, why delete large swathes of referenced information? Why not just adjust the words considered "bad prose"?-- Lester  11:33, 21 October 2007 (UTC)

LEDE
What does this Over fifty Australian citizens have been subsequently detained by Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA) in similar circumstances. have to do in the lede of this article?  Shot info  23:11, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

WP:ONEEVENT
Shouldn't this page be renamed according to WP:ONEEVENT? Actually, I think there is a case to merge with Vivian Solon, given they were around the same time. --Surturz (talk) 04:17, 13 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cornelia Rau


text: Category:Scottish alpine skiers

title: Category:Scottish alpine skiers