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text:
Merlin Olsen

Merlin Jay Olsen (September 15, 1940 – March 11, 2010) was an American football player, announcer, and actor. For his entire 15-year professional football career he was a defensive tackle with the Los Angeles Rams in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected to play in the Pro Bowl 14 times — every year but his last. The only other football players to have matched or exceeded that number are the former offensive lineman Bruce Matthews, the former tight end Tony Gonzalez, the former quarterback Peyton Manning, and former quarterback Tom Brady, who is the only NFL player to have played more times in the Pro Bowl, with 15 selections.

In 1961, Olsen received the Outland Trophy, awarded to as the best lineman of the year in college football. He is a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the College Football Hall of Fame. As an actor, he portrayed farmer Jonathan Garvey on Little House on the Prairie. After leaving that series, he starred in his own NBC drama, Father Murphy.

Early life
Merlin Olsen was born in Logan, Utah, where his parents, Merle Barrus and Lynn Jay Olsen, graduated from Utah State University (USU) and began their careers. His father was a professor at the university while his mother had graduated in elementary education. Merlin was the second of nine siblings and the first-born son. The family opened their home to host, feed, sleep, or tutor anyone in the neighborhood; during the winter, Merle would lay wood over the entrance of the house so that ice skaters from the local park could walk in.

Merlin pursued athletics in high school but was cut from the basketball team while in grade 9, told by the coach that athletics wasn't for him and that he should take up the arts. Later, Olsen turned down a football scholarship to Stanford University to play for USU. Classmate Ross Peterson described him as a "natural, big, strong leader ... he could have been successful at anything". His brothers Phil and Orrin also played football.

Education
Olsen attended Utah State University where he became a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity, and was a three-year letterman in football as a defensive tackle. He graduated from the College of Business and Social Sciences at USU with a bachelor's degree in finance in 1962 and a master's degree in economics in 1971. He later received an honorary doctorate degree in business from the Huntsman School.

In football, as a senior, he was a consensus All-American selection and was the winner of the Outland Trophy. After Olsen's junior year in 1960, he was also named All-American by the Football Writers Association of America and Newspaper Enterprise Association. He was also All-Conference in both 1960 and 1961. Olsen and Utah State were in the 1960 Sun Bowl, losing to New Mexico State, 20–13. Led by Olsen, the Aggie defense held the New Mexico State Aggies to just 44 rushing yards on 32 carries.

The Aggie defense Olsen anchored as a senior gave up an average of 50.8 rushing yards (which led the nation), 88.6 passing yards, and 139.4 total yards which all still stand as school records for defense. The 1961 Aggie defense gave up an average 7.8 points a game, which is second in team history behind Olsen's 1960 team, which allowed 6.5 points per game. Additionally, the Aggie defense held four opponents to less than 100 total yards. One, the University of Idaho, was held to a school-record 23 total yards, with the Aggies winning 69–0.

The Aggies, not known as a national power football program, finished 10th in both the AP and UPI post-season polls, the only time that has occurred in school history. The Aggies had a combined 18–3–1 record during Olsen's junior and senior seasons under coach John Ralston and were conference champions those two seasons as well.

He was a member of the Utah State University chapter of the Sigma Chi fraternity, which has an annual Merlin Olsen Day of Service named in his honor where brothers are encouraged to give back to their communities.

Awards and honors
Olsen played in the East-West Shrine Game in 1961 and in 2003 was voted to the game's Hall of Fame. He also played in the Hula Bowl after his senior season and was voted MVP of the game.

Olsen is a member of the State of Utah's Sports Hall of Fame, the Utah State University Sports Hall of Fame and USU's All-Century Football Team. In 2000, he was selected by Sports Illustrated as one of the State of Utah's Top 50 Athletes of the Century. He was voted to the All-Academic All-America Hall of Fame in 1988. In 1969, he was voted to the Newspaper Enterprise Association All-Time All-America team with collegiate greats such as Bronko Nagurski, Red Grange, Jim Thorpe, and O. J. Simpson, among others.

In 2008, Olsen was named to the 75th Anniversary All-Sun Bowl Team to commemorate the Sun Bowl Association's Diamond Anniversary.

Utah State University announced the intention to name its football field after Olsen during a ceremony in Logan during halftime of the USU-St. Mary's basketball game on December 5, 2009.

Olsen was also a three-time academic All-American at Utah State and graduated summa cum laude in 1962 with a degree in finance.

Professional football
After college, Olsen had offers from both the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League and the Denver Broncos of the rival American Football League. He chose the security of the NFL and signed with the Rams. Olsen's first contract was for around $50,000 for two years, plus a signing bonus. It was 1962, and the average football player salary at the time was around $12,000 a year. He was the first USU Aggie to be drafted in the 1st round of the NFL draft.

Olsen played professionally (1962–1976) for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League. A leading defensive star of his era, he missed only two games in his 15-season NFL career. He was named the NFL's Rookie of the Year in 1962 and was First-team All-Pro in 1964, and 1966 through 1970. He was voted Second-team All-Pro in 1965, 1973 and 1974.

Olsen almost ended up on offense, but was later moved to the defensive line after a few experiments in practice. Soon he became part of one of the best front fours in NFL history. Deacon Jones, Rosey Grier, and Lamar Lundy joined Olsen on the defensive line in 1963 that was nicknamed "The Fearsome Foursome". He was named the AP NFL Defensive Player of the Week for week 12 in 1965. Olsen scored his first touchdown in that game.

Throughout the 1960s, this quartet terrorized opposing offenses. Olsen's play helped the Rams to the playoffs in 1967 and 1969. He was voted the club's Outstanding Defensive Lineman from 1967 to 1970 by the Los Angeles Rams Alumni. In week 14, 1967, Olsen and the rest of the Fearsome Foursome were named the AP NFL Defensive Players of the Week for their performance against the Baltimore Colts. In the 1970s, Olsen continued his dominant play at defensive tackle and his 11 sacks in 1972 were second on the team. After week 8 in 1972, Olsen was named the Associated Press NFL Defensive Player of the Week for the third time in his career.

The Rams won the NFC West crown in 1973 through 1976 thanks in part to the play of Olsen. They ranked first in the NFL in run defense in 1973 and 1974 and finished second in sacking opposing passers both years. In 1973 Olsen was voted the NFLPA NFC Defensive Lineman of the Year and the next season, 1974, he was the recipient of Bert Bell Award as the NFL MVP as voted by the Maxwell Club. Olsen accepted the award "on behalf of all who toil in the NFL trenches".

Merlin and two of his brothers, Phil and Orrin, played in the NFL; Merlin and Phil playing together for the Rams from 1971 to 1974. Their nephew Hans, son of their brother Clark, also played professional football. In 1975 and 1976, the Rams defense finished second in the NFL against the run while ranking in the top five in sacking opposing quarterbacks and compiling a 22-5-1 record over those two seasons.

Olsen's last game was the NFC Championship game in 1976 at Bloomington, Minnesota. The Vikings took advantage on a freak play early in the game. A blocked field goal returned 90 yards for a touchdown shocked the Rams in the first quarter. The defense was later victimized by a couple of big plays by the Vikings. The Rams came up short, losing 24–13, bringing the storied career of the Rams' finest defensive tackle to an end.

Olsen made the Pro Bowl a then-record 14 times, missing it only in his final year. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1982 in his first year of eligibility; he selected his college position coach Tony Knap as his presenter. In 1999, Olsen was ranked 25th on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Football Players.

Entertainment
Olsen enjoyed continued success after the NFL as a broadcaster, actor, and businessman.

Olsen served as a television color commentator, teaming mostly with Dick Enberg on NBC's coverage of the AFC during the late 1970s and almost all of the 1980s. He and Enberg also teamed for four Super Bowls (XV, XVII, XX and XXIII), as well as nine Rose Bowls from 1980 to 1988. Olsen also worked Super Bowl XIII in 1979 with Curt Gowdy and John Brodie (Enberg was then serving as pre-game/halftime/post-game host). In 1989, Olsen was replaced by Bill Walsh as NBC's lead NFL color commentator. For the 1989 season, Olsen worked with Charlie Jones on NBC's broadcasts. In 1990 and 1991, he moved to CBS Sports doing NFL games with Dick Stockton.

Olsen developed a successful career as an actor. He appeared as the character Little George in the John Wayne movie, The Undefeated, with Rams teammate Roman Gabriel, in 1969.

In 1970, he appeared once on Petticoat Junction, playing mountaineer Merlin Fergus in the episode "With This Ring".

When Little House on the Prairie actor Victor French left to star in his own comedy Carter Country in 1977, Olsen was tapped to play Michael Landon's new sidekick Jonathan Garvey for several years. One memorable quote from his character's son Andy Garvey, "My pa doesn't know anything about football!" came when Andy's friends suggested that Jonathan coach their football team.

Olsen played the starring role of John Michael Murphy in the 1981-83 NBC television drama series Father Murphy.

In the Highway to Heaven episode 2.12 ("The Good Doctor"), the main character, Alex, tells Mark Gordon (Victor French) that "All I could see was the flowers and the beard. I thought you were Merlin Olsen." This is an inside joke since Olsen, Landon, and French were in the TV series Little House on the Prairie earlier in their careers.

Olsen's last acting work was in the short-lived 1988 TV series Aaron's Way.

Olsen was also the commercial spokesman for FTD Florists for many years. A part-time resident of the Coachella Valley, Olsen was the longtime radio and television spokesman for Palm Desert-based El Paseo Bank.

Olsen also appeared in many Sigma Chi fraternity promotional campaigns; he and his brother Phil were Life Loyal Sigs, Significant Sigs (given to members for distinguishing acts outside the fraternity), and members of the Order of Constantine (given for service to the Fraternity). Olsen donated one of his cleats, which were bronzed, to be used during the annual football rivalry between two Las Vegas high schools, Eldorado High School and Chaparral High School, which both opened in 1973. Each year, Olsen presented the "trophy" in the ceremony at the rivalry game.

Olsen often co-hosted the Children's Miracle Network telethons, a humanitarian organization founded in 1983 by Marie Osmond and John Schneider.

Awards
He was named the Walter Camp Man of the Year in 1982 and Athlete of the Century for the state of Utah. During halftime of a basketball game between Utah State, Olsen's alma mater, and Saint Mary's on December 5, 2009, Utah State University announced that the playing surface inside Romney Stadium, home stadium for the university's football program, would be named Merlin Olsen Field in Olsen's honor. Because of Olsen's illness, Utah State decided not to wait until the 2010 football season to hold the ceremony; he was able to attend the game, but did not speak. A sculpture of Olsen was unveiled in a plaza south of the stadium during an official dedication ceremony in Fall 2010.

In 1979, Olsen was inducted into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame.

In 1980, Olsen was inducted into the National College Football Hall of Fame.

In 1998, Olsen was inducted into the Utah Tourism Hall of Fame.

Olsen was voted to the California Sports Hall of Fame Class of 2010, along with Bill Walton, Dwight Stones, and Jim Otto, among others.

In 1983, Olsen served as Grand Marshal of the Rose Parade.

Personal life
On March 30, 1962, Olsen married Susan Wakley, a fellow USU student. They had three children: Kelly, Jill, and Nathan. Olsen was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and a resident of San Marino, California.

Olsen was diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma in 2009, and underwent three courses of chemotherapy. In December 2009, he filed a lawsuit against 25 defendants including NBC Studios, NBC Universal, 20th Century Fox, Georgia Pacific, Sherwin-Williams, and Lennox Corp. for allegedly exposing him to the asbestos which he claimed had caused his cancer.

Olsen died on March 11, 2010, at City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, California, at age 69.

Olsen is buried at San Gabriel Cemetery in San Gabriel, California.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Merlin Olsen


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kosara

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 12:36, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Kosara
A web forum. Doesn't seem notable. --Lee Hunter 13:21, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete. Not notable. jni 14:34, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a webguide. Katefan0 18:24, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This basically functions as an ad for a message board that sounds just like every other message board. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 21:01, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, website advertisement. Megan1967 01:50, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, ad. Wyss 22:51, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kosara


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Clinton Moore

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 15:17, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Clinton Moore
The article does not establish any notability, claiming being 'goofy' and hanging around on a bike as the major accomplishments. Average Earthman 13:22, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * It's obviously hard to google-test Clinton Moore, but with his claim to fame being second prize from a suburban public access cable channel for an ad "about taking out the trash," it's probably not necessary. Delete (or make it a User: page if its creator registers). Samaritan 13:56, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Another joke from the meat helmet IP. Andrewa 18:24, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Gazpacho 22:46, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, possible vanity. Megan1967 01:51, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as another sophomoric, adolescent male vanity joke bio. Wyss 22:51, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * One of several from this illustrious yet anonymous being. Delete as vanity. - Lucky 6.9 02:07, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Sigh, I can't believe a 19-year old can't write any better. Delete Lacrimosus 08:13, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, as well as Gregory Hudkins. Adam Bishop 01:40, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Speedy delete needs to be available for such articles, that no reasonable person could find met our notability standards.  Postdlf 01:41, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. JoaoRicardo 04:29, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete "Moore has danced with very many women at school dances" The Jacobin 05:47, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Garbage. — Brim 09:35, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete – flamurai (t) 11:14, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable, humorous BJAODN-worthy vanity... --Idont Havaname 04:51, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
User:Rambot/Formulax

See: Formulax

From User talk:Ram-Man:
 * I agree to double license my contributions to US state/country/city articles under GFDL and CC-BY-SA, although I don't quite frequently edit these articles in the English Wikipedia. (Or does that include all Wikipedias too?) -- Formulax 03:24, 16 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Just the english Wikipedia. -- RM 13:23, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Rambot/Formulax


text:
Affordability of housing in the United Kingdom

The affordability of housing in the UK reflects the ability to rent or buy property. There are various ways to determine or estimate housing affordability. One commonly used metric is the median housing affordability ratio; this compares the median price paid for residential property to the median gross annual earnings for full-time workers. According to official government statistics, housing affordability worsened between 2020 and 2021, and since 1997 housing affordability has worsened overall, especially in London. The most affordable local authorities in 2021 were in the North West, Wales, Yorkshire and The Humber, West Midlands and North East.

Housing tenure in the UK has the following main types: Owner-occupied, private rented sector (PRS), and social rented sector (SRS). The affordability of housing in the UK varies widely on a regional basis – house prices and rents will differ as a result of market factors such as the state of the local economy, transport links, and the supply of housing.

Key determinants of affordability
For owner-occupied properties, key determinants of affordability are house prices, income, interest rates, and purchase costs. For rented property, PRS rents will largely be a reflection of house prices, while SRS rents are set by Local Authorities, Housing Associations or similar.

House prices
Land Registry figures for England and Wales show that housing prices rose from £70,000 to £224,000 in the 20 years between 1998 and 2018. Growth was almost continuous during the period, save for two years of decline around 2008 as a result of the banking crisis.

House price averages compared to average salary

The gap between average income and average housing prices changed between 1985 and 2015 from twice an average salary to up to six times average income. Median house prices in London the median house now cost up to 12 times the median London salary. In 1995, the median house price was £83,000, 4.4 times the median income. By 2012–13, the median income in London had increased to £24,600 and the median London house price had increased to £300,000, 12.2 times median income

In 1995, the Bank base rate was 6%, in March 2009 it stood at 0.5% until August 2016 when it was further reduced to 0.25%.

Effect of planning restrictions on house prices

An analysis by the LSE and the Dutch Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis found that house prices in England would have been 35% cheaper without regulatory constraints. A report by the Adam Smith Institute found that by using 4% of London's green belt, one million homes could be built within a 10-minute walk of a railway station.

The Economist has criticised green belt policy, saying that unless more houses are built through reforming planning laws and releasing green belt land, then housing space will need to be rationed out. It noted that if general inflation had risen as fast as housing prices had since 1971, a chicken would cost £51; and that Britain is "building less homes today than at any point since the 1920s". According to the independent Institute of Economic Affairs, there is "overwhelming empirical evidence that planning restrictions have a substantial impact on housing costs" and are the main reason why housing was two and a half times more expensive in 2011 than it was in 1975.

The Campaign to Protect Rural England argued that "Green Belt land is important for our wider environment, providing us with the trees and the undeveloped land which reduce the effect of the heat generated by big cities. Instead of reducing this green space, we should be using it to its best effect. We know from our research that three-quarters (79%) of the population would like to see more trees planted and more food grown in the areas around towns and cities."

Valuation of land and effect on house prices
Property companies state that land values follow house prices and that a developer assesses what new build house price is achievable in any particular location with reference to prices and sales rates in the second-hand market and on nearby comparable new build sites. At a basic level (assuming no affordable housing, S106 or CIL), they then multiply that new build house price by the number of homes to be built on the land and to arrive at the gross development value (GDV) of the site. The underlying value of the land is then the GDV less the cost of development and less an allowance for profit.

According to a study by Knoll, Schularick and Steger, up to 80% of the rise in houses prices between 1950 and 2012 can be attributed to the increasing price of land. This is for two reasons. Firstly, before 1950 improving transport meant that more and more land was economically usable, but this effect subsided after 1950. Secondly, zoning restrictions did not allow the "utilisation of additional land".

In 2015, the Department for Communities and Local Government shared the land value estimates for residential land, agricultural land and industrial land. It found that the average price of a typical agricultural plot was £21,000.

Property costs
The principal taxes imposed by the central government are Stamp Duty and Value Added Tax (VAT). Other costs which are associated with the buying and selling of property are estate agent fees, conveyancing and survey fees, mortgage arrangement fees (where applicable), and removal costs.

Stamp duty land tax
Stamp duty land tax (SDLT) is payable on property transactions in England and Northern Ireland. Tax is paid at different rates on different portions of the purchase price. For example, on a £600,000 house, no tax is paid on the first £250,000, and the portion (£350,000) in the £250,000-£925,000 tax band is charged at 5%, i.e. £17,500. This gives a total tax of £17,500.

Scotland and Wales apply their own tax to property transactions, replacing SDLT. Scotland introduced the Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in 2015, and Wales introduced the Land Transaction Tax in 2018.

Estate agent fees
In 2011, Which? magazine found the national average estate agents' fees to be 1.8%. But fees can range between 0.75% to 3% depending on where you are in the UK.

Survey
There are four main types of survey: a valuation survey, a condition report, a homebuyer report and a full structural survey.

Legal fees
Conveyancing fees vary according to the value of the property and the service provided.

Mortgage arrangement fees
In April 2013, The Daily Telegraph reported that research by Moneyfacts showed the average mortgage arrangement fee to be £1522.

Housing shortage
In 2020, the BBC reported the UK's housing gap was in excess of one million homes, and previously (in 2019) that "An estimated 8.4 million people in England are living in an unaffordable, insecure or unsuitable home, according to the National Housing Federation". Unaffordable housing is defined by the Affordable Housing Commission as to where housing costs are above 30% of household income. In a government briefing paper, 'Tackling the under-supply of housing in England', Barton and Wilson describe England's housing need as being illustrated by issues "such as increased levels of overcrowding, acute affordability issues, more young people living with their parents for longer periods, impaired labour mobility resulting in businesses finding it difficult to recruit and retain staff, and increased levels of homelessness".

Despite an added 244,000 homes to England's housing stock in 2019/20, the notion that an increased supply of housing will improve affordability has been challenged: the UK Housing Review (September 2017) states, "Indeed as the evidence to the Redfern Review from Oxford Economics reminds us, it is unlikely to bring house prices down except in the very long term and with sustained high output of new homes relative to household growth. Even boosting (UK) housing supply to 310,000 homes per annum in their model only brings a five per cent fall in the baseline forecast of house prices". Therefore, the National Housing Federation (NHF) and Crisis from Heriot-Watt University argue that alongside the needed 340,000 new homes each year (until 2031), 145,000 of those “must be affordable homes”.

Council tax
The Joseph Rowntree Foundation has suggested replacing the current Council tax system based on bands of house prices with a system that would mean the tax was more closely related to property prices. This would increase taxes on the highest-priced properties and decrease them for the lowest. They claim it would also have the effect of reducing house price volatility.

Land value tax is suggested by some as a replacement for council tax; it would be based entirely on land (i.e. location) value and not on the value of buildings built on a piece of land or improvements made.

International investment demand
In 2015, the Bow Group, a conservative think-tank, produced a report suggesting a reduction in international investment demand of property. The report proposed limiting foreign residents to the purchase of single new-build properties, with penalties if sold within five years. In 2016, London mayor Sadiq Khan launched an inquiry into housing costs in the city, also highlighting the effect of foreign investment.

Second home ownership
The government set up a £60 million fund to help councils deal with high levels of second home ownership. In 2016, a referendum in St Ives, Cornwall found 83.2% of voters in favour of new housing projects being reserved for full-time residents, as many tourists frequent the area and Cornwall is popular for second home and holiday property ownership.

Buy-to-let tax changes
From April 2016, a stamp duty surcharge of three per cent of the purchase price was required for those buying to let. From April 2017, buy-to-let mortgage interest payments will have higher rates of income tax relief phased out by the government. Although, companies would not be affected by the new rules.

Rented homes
The English Housing Survey Bulletin 13 states that in 2013/14 there were 4.4 million households in the private rented sector and 3.9 million households in the social rented sector, of whom 2.3 million households (10%) were renting from a housing association and 1.6 million (7%) were renting from a local authority. Private renters had the highest weekly housing costs, paying on average £176 per week in rent. Mortgagors paid an average of £153 per week in mortgage payments while mean weekly rents in the social housing sector were £98 for housing association tenants and £89 for local authority tenants. When considering the gross weekly income, including benefits, of all household members, the proportion of income spent on housing costs was 18% for mortgagors, 29% for social renters, and 34% for private renters.

London
The demand for more affordable housing has often been higher in London than in the rest of the UK. Research from Trust for London found that 24% of new housing completions in the three years to 2015/16 were affordable, which represented 21,500 homes. 6,700 affordable homes were completed in 2015/16, which is just 39% of the target set in the 2015 London Plan. They also found that the amount of affordable homes being built varies significantly between the London Boroughs. Tower Hamlets delivered 1830 affordable homes in the three years to 2015/16, the most in London, while Bexley only delivered 7, the fewest in London. Affordable housing is defined as housing that costs no more than 80% of the average local market rent.


text:
Talk:Affordability of housing in the United Kingdom

Housing
I am not a smart property buyer, so please tell me how this relates to the US market, and what "price to income" ratio we have historically and what it is now. thanks Steve

 * Hi Steve. I don't know but these people may. JASpencer 17:18, 11 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The US market is a misnomer, the US operates, at best 'regional markets' (and otherwise state markets). The US housing market is definitely looking like a bubble (defined as when people begin to purchase housing, regardless of cost and mortgage payments, purely for capital gains), but this depends heavily where the housing is available. The price-to-income rate has to be calculated on a local basis, but you also have to consider the location. New York City, like London (where I live) is much more compact than Alabama, as a whole, and will have many more wealthy people living in the centre of the city, as compared to a state as a whole. This means that, even within New York City, people living in Manhattan will have higher incomes and may throw off a price-to-income graph for the whole city. The US markets, in general, I feel are heading for trouble (due to several factors, not just housing), but it really depends where you live. If the area is cheap and hasn't appreciated for what appears little reason, you'll be fine (or better off). The trouble is that the US does not suffer from housing shortages (unlike Britain, which has household formation that exceeds new construction, meaning that property is often converted into flats, etc.). So the there is little reason for a housing boom, other than low interest rates and a perception of 'get rich quick'. Cheers, Nick Kerr 20:42, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

Updates
This article should be updated to include information about the structure of the housing market, issues with things like planning permission and infrastructure, and also issues like the North-South divide, which produces scope for the increases we've seen in the past few years (where Scotland and the North of England have much faster rises in property values than London and the SouthEast). Also, mortgage reliefs were removed around 1992, but rental income is still taxed separately from Income Tax, making it more advantageous for those earning at the Upper Rate of income tax to own property for investment purposes, as compared to shares, bonds, or simple bank deposits. Nick Kerr 09:24, 11 August 2005 (UTC)

Older history
Could someone add information about prices earlier in the 20th century? mavhc 11:16, 28 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Nationwide has data going back to 1952 (plotting a log of the index over time is quite interesting). AFAIK there are no readily available older sources, which is a shame - I'd be especially interested to see the impact of the introduction of planning law in the 1920s. Calum (talk) 17:49, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Graph on page only goes back to 1975. I suspect the missing data would be an interesting addition to the long term trend shown on the graph, but if I am wrong that would all the more call for a graph showing as long a span of years as possible (since plainly I need to be educated too). Another interesting graph would be house prices compared to average household incomes.Sandpiper (talk) 08:07, 14 June 2015 (UTC)
 * This article plots the Bank of England dataset which goes back to 1845. 78.151.176.30 (talk) 15:22, 8 September 2021 (UTC)

Advertising for "propertysearchnow.com"
The domain www.propertysearchnow.com ("UK Property Guide with Maps & Photos.") is really quite useless, full with google adwords and some completely irrelevant information such as Forex trading and tax havens! It is almost certainly spam. I seriously question its inclusion as an external link.

Not familiar with the wikipedia system so please excuse any mistakes here. 81.106.150.95 18:32, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

Not NPOV
I have deleted the reference to a 'communist system of planning controls' since that is hardly NPOV. In fact, the actual communists in Eastern Europe were in fact rather keen on building - hence the vast number of ugly tower blocks you see there!

The way the article is phrased also fails to mention one of the main reasons why the deregulatory Conservative govt of 1979-1997 failed to liberalise the system. Existing middle-class home-owners don't like new developments going up in their area and so they like their local councils to have the power to block them! The article at the moment is written from far too much of a right-wing POV. Will try and make it more neutral. Vino s 19:54, 16 June 2007 (UTC)

 * To be honest the title itself is not NPOV is it? Andehandehandeh 23:02, 24 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I thought it was called "British Housing Bubble", but that was a redirect. I still think the use of the word 'bubble' is not NPOV as we can hardly say the market will definitely 'pop'. Andehandehandeh 23:05, 24 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I am changing the text as some of the recent edits put in some further NPOV material.80.47.178.138 13:24, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

If someone with a relevant knowledge of economy could rephrase a lot of this article it would probably be more helpful. At present the article seems very POV, although not knowing anything relevant about economics, I may be completely wrong. However, the constant asserios that greenbelt and planning offices override personal freedoms, the lack of any citations to this effect or of any counterarguments, and the addition of embedded external links gives this article a very POV tone, as though written by an angry developer. Yasha212.139.165.254 12:05, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

I've changed quite a lot of it today to take out some of the more outrageously NPOV stuff, but this is hard without just deleting massive sections. I've also put in some links some sources which might provide firmer evidence for those who want to help get this article up to scratch. Andehandehandeh 16:04, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

It could be argued that as my wife is a (very) hard working Planning Officer, trying her best to protect her fellow ordinary citizens from unscrupulous developers (is there any other kind?) who would literally cover every last inch of this green, pleasant and already overcrowded land, I shouldn't be commenting. However the tone of this article indicates that NPOV has been abolished so I suppose I can go ahead. Each reference to planning departments and greenbelt carries an overt perjorative tone and I believe they should be removed. Especially given the lack of citation. In fact I think I might do that myself. Bearing in mind the supposed sanctity of NPOV on WikiP it is kind of the author to include (POV) to indicate those bits which are POV and should be so removed. This biased and skewed article should be hacked to pieces and left as a purely objective look at what has happened to house prices in recent years and where possible a drawing together of citable material that purports to explain why. Currently citation-lite. Scorzon 13:57, 17 July 2007 (UTC) In fact now that I come to think of it, I strongly object to this diatribe - every day I hear stories of how planning departments fight to persuade fat cat developers that they should build higher density, smaller homes on the land that they acquire, instead of huge 5 bed executive homes. But of course, the exec homes yield a greater profit. Scorzon 14:11, 17 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I think it's unfair to describe all developers as unscrupulous. Surely a planning officer's role is to facilitate sound development as well stop bad stuff. I agree that planning departments are unfairly scapegoated though. They get a lot of flack for decisions that are actually made by poorly trained local councillors on planning committees. I agree with the slash and burn approach to this article until someone can provide some proper NPOV content with sources. I will try and add bits and pieces if I ever get the time.Andehandehandeh 23:20, 18 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Probably the particular cause of your upset has been edited out of the article by now, but it seems to me a couple of points need making in response to the above. I have no doubt that developers are unscrupulous, but that does not make them a bad thing. They represent public demand for property: If there were no consumer demand, there would be no business to conduct, whether scrupulously or otherwise. The contention within the planning system is precisely because the great weight of economic pressure is expressing a demand for more and better housing, none whatsoever for preservation of countryside. This begs the question of how the planning system has become so completely out of line with public demand. Britain long since passed the population level where it could be self sufficient in food production, so arguing to preserve land to make it so is largely futile. Aside from this, the question is how we wish to best use the entire surface space of the british Isles for our own leisure usage, which is what preservation of countryside today is really about. It simply isnt true that more than a small proportion of land is developed in the sense of being built on, though almost all of it is covered by a man made environment, including all that is described as 'natural'. In general, the british Isles has a very unnatural flora and fauna because of its geologically recent coverage in ice, and more recently because we have chosen what to grow on virtually all of it. Sandpiper (talk) 08:55, 14 June 2015 (UTC)

PricedOut
Is this pressure group noteworthy enough to be mentioned? How big are they? Have they had any impact yet? I'm not necessarily saying they haven't, I just haven't heard of them outside this and they seem to get a few mentions. Andehandehandeh 16:06, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

I saw them mentioned on Channel 4 news, a while back, although I have no proof of it.82.24.115.150 20:49, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

Buy to Let
At the same time as removing pejorative comments about planning departments and greenbelt, I have removed a misconception about the 'buy to let' investor (of which I am not BTW). The assertion that these people amplify the lack of housing supply is patently ridiculous. They do nothing of the sort. When they buy a house it does not magically disappear, it becomes available for lease as a home. It may stop someone else from buying it, but they can always rent it. Demolition experts and possibly those buying second (and third) homes in this country amplify the problem, as do developers who prefer to develop 5 bed executive homes on the same footprint that 2 flats and a 2 bed starter home could be built.
 * Yes I would agree that buy-to-let doesn't necessary affect availability of housing, but there is also the area a buy-to-leave where investors are buying up property off plan, then not letting and just looking to make money on capital gains. Even then it could hardly be said to 'cause' the crisis, because numerically it still must be a drop in the ocean compared to demand.Andehandehandeh 23:20, 18 July 2007 (UTC)

Back in the late 1990s, buy-to-let accounted for about 1% of loans taken out for the purposes of buying a house. Today, these property speculators account for 9% of outstanding home loans. In 2006, 330,000 buy-to-let mortgages were taken out, making it the fastest growing part of the housing market. This is a product of cheap money creating speculation in prices, the first time buyers are replace by speculators pricing them out the market then renting the property back to people who would of in the past been first time buyers. The number of owner occupiers is in decline as the number houses sold to buy to let investor was almost double the number of new homes built. There has been no significant rise in rental rates that you would expect if there was significant shortage of property. To say its "patently ridiculous" that BTL is pushing up prices is stretching credulity.

I didn't say that BTL don't push up prices, I never mentioned prices, I merely said that it is patently ridiculous to suggest that they amplify, i.e. make bigger, the lack of housing. I stand by that. Scorzon 21:49, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually* The buy to let boom does affect housing supply! Not in the absolute number of properties, but in the availability of those properties to buy.  The statement 'When they buy a house it does not magically disappear, it becomes available for lease as a home' is true, but what is equally true is that that house is no longer available to buy.  What happens is that the buy-to-let investor competes with the 1st time buyer in the market - both with very different goals.  The presence of the buy-to-let (2nd or 3rd property acquirer) increases the demand artificially and at any point in time that a buy-to-let buyer gets a house at the expense of a 1st (or other buyer), the price goes up artificially.  Of course you can only describe this as artificial if you consider residential property to be first and formost homes and not investments which is clearly now debatable.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 196.1.30.250 (talk) 07:42, 12 December 2007 (UTC)

Cause of the Crisis
I have removed several blatantly untrue and POV statements from this section of the article, which has resulted in the loss of the first paragraph. The second I have left in as I cannot definitely refute them. The T&CP Act 1947 DID NOT introduce greenbelts, they were introduced by Sandys in around 1955 and the act was not put in place to encourage people to move to the new towns, that is patently not what it was for. In short the paragraph became at this point untenable so I removed it.Scorzon 14:29, 17 July 2007 (UTC)

Homelessness? Priceless
The housing crisis has caused high levels of homelessness in recent years (no proof and no citation), especially for critical personnel (nurses, teachers, police, firepersons, etc.) Policemen are living in cardboard boxes now? Who's going to move them on? --Dilaudid 23:17, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

Exactly and I notice that the house building figures that show the increase in number of new homes being built has been removed.

Bubble mentality?
I see that there is much on this page about Buy-to-let and home building, yet nothing that mentions bubble mentality and low interest rates. Surely these deserve a mention on this page? I am happy to put them in but am so surprised they're not here already I thought it best to check to see whether concensus is they'd improve the article or not Speedything (talk) 12:36, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Misrepresentation
I wonder if the person who added this appalling piece of misrepresenatation would like to justify it -

"An admitted error on the part of the Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee, led it to cut interest rates in August 2005."

BBC NEWS | The Reporters | Evan Davis

-- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 19:13, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

I thought it had been admitted, I don't think anyone would seriously question it was an error now, not even the MPC. Except perhaps those that are now claiming that no one saw this coming (or the PM's the Americans caused it), which is the line being taken in the City. Well you can't blame them if they admitted that the writing was on the wall all along then they are not worth their bonuses and no more intelligent than the share buying Shoe shine boys of 1929. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.174.225.141 (talk) 21:36, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Housing Crash
Would it not be appropriate for a significant mention of the predicted property crash/stagnation? (Mythiran (talk) 17:28, 17 March 2008 (UTC))

 * No. It would likely conflict with too many of WP policies and guidelines which was the problem with the article prior to cleanup. Thanks for asking though  ! -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 09:46, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Such a shortage of housing supply that prices have fallen every month for the last 12 months. This article is surely a credit to wikipedia. --Dilaudid (talk) 00:15, 17 November 2008 (UTC)

What a rubbishy article
Nearly as bad as the one on professionalism last time I looked (dont like looking at it - its so awful).

Someone needs to devise a structure to it that others can fill in and elaborate. For example: History, Supply, Demand, and so on. And what does this mean? "House prices at the end of 2006 were 35% above the trend prices of the last 30 years." 80.2.200.169 (talk) 00:12, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

 * It is, due to the lack of content. Before it had a load of content, but it was not encyclopedic and breached Wikipedia policies and guidelines - personal opinion, original research, and unverified content which resulted in it's removal. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 20:26, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

The trend price is the long term price of house prices when the peaks and slumps are removed in this case over 30 years, a simple trend line. The Nationwide building society to its credit has published this for some years and it shows that prices only go up around 2% in real terms in the long term. Assets values be they shares or houses generally return to the long term trend, despite claims by investors that "it is different this time". The problem with this article is that is that it has to be series of facts because of the belief that there is a housing shortage, that is used to support house prices that are 35% above 30 year trend line. Most people and the media believe that is why the house price are high and there is a real shortage of housing in the UK. The lack of increase in rents in line with house price suggest this is a myth, but if you write this in the article others will remove it (as has happened many times), as many people in the UK are very financially exposed if this is true. All you can do is state statistics and hopefully enough people reading the article will spot the dangers of being 35% above trend. In previous slumps falling prices did not stop once they got back to the trend line they fell well below it before recovering. In Japan (over crowed Islands like UK) prices dropped almost 70% from peak and this was removed when I put it in the article! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.18.34.8 (talk) 16:56, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

 * There's no conspiricy theory. Editors decided to add material that breached Wikipedia policies and guidelines, so it was removed. People need to read the policies and guidelines and decide whether or not they are willing to work within them, if not, Wikipedia is not the place for them.

 * The calculations for a trend line do not remove peaks and slumps. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 20:26, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

A trend line OVER 30 YEARS or more will remove the peaks and slumps, you can see this on the Nationwide website, there are no peaks just a steadily raising trend line when adjusted for inflation. Investors use trend line prices to remove or if you prefer smooth out the peaks and slumps to find long term trends. If the peaks and slumps remained it would not generally be considered by many investors to be a trend line. Markets prices fluctuate a lot and experienced investors (particularly value investors) try to remove these fluctuation to find a longer term trend line when trying to value or forecast future prices. If you study investment history, what you find is that things don't really change that much, you get repeating tech bubbles such as Canals, Railways, the Internet or for example in UK house prices appear to follow a 18 year cycles going back almost 300 years. Therefore a 30 year trend line removes the peaks and troughs of the 18 year cycles and history show that prices generally fall back to the trend line or below in time. These trends can break down once investors take them into account, but this does not appear to have happened in the last 10 years and recent price falls are consistent with the 18 cycle. William —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.174.225.141 (talk) 20:46, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I see all references to the Nationwides house price trend line have been removed http://www.housepricecrash.co.uk/indices-nationwide-national-inflation.php which is odd considering how clearly it shows the rise in house prices was a bubble and appears to support the 18 cycle theory. The housing shortage reasons given for the growth in house prices were not true, the rise and the now the fall in prices is caused by the supply of credit and land speculation. By removing this it hides the fact that house price crash was predictable. Who ever removed it, in the light of 20% fall in prices in real terms in 2008 would have the decency to put it back. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.174.225.141 (talk) 22:53, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Deletion?
I have to agree that this is a dreadful article. I dont think it contains anything that warranted the creation of a specific article on this issue. Unless someone can provide some structured, researched, viable information on the subject is it not better to delete it? Paulmallon (talk) 14:35, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

This used to be about the British Property Bubble.
Why has this changed? This used to be about the British Property Bubble. The US one (and those for other countries) have a whole host of useful information. Has someone with a vested interest damaged or deleted the original British Property Bubble?

What is needed may include:-

Historical norms

House prices to wages (gross, net, disposable) Renting being generally more expensive than buying (because owners have to factor in repair and risk). Capital appreciation averages over long periods. Average rental returns Reasons For Bubble

Other investments poor performance Tech Stock Pensions Endowments

Bubble mentality Houses as pensions Seminars (Inside Track etc) Purchases of multiple properties by people who have never visited the city or town Builders' incentives - inflating price and lowering stated loan-to-value by paying deposit Chasing capital appreciation instead of rental returns (or rental substitution if buying for yourself) Fear of being left behind Greed of getting money for nothing Low interest rates Spin Stated lack of housing while in excess of half a million properties are vacant (800,000+, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/707942.stm) Lenders chasing market share, ignoring risk and not checking documentation Fraud Self-certified lies/exaggeration Fake payslip companies BBC documentary (2002?) on in-branch mortgage advisors recommending mis-stating income Overpaying, splitting difference then cashback from lender Money from crime proceeds Pressures on brokers not to be strict

Also Aversion to other investment types on ethical or mistrust basis Planning regulations 'Builders' as land bank companies, subcontracting building to others. FSA's responses Bank Of England (BOE) Inflation - Previously Retail Price Index (RPI) Then RPIX (excludes mortgages, includes renting I believe) Finally CPI (Consumer Prices Index) - excludes mortgages, includes rents Do not target asset bubbles

References

Fred Harrison Robert Beckman ('Crashes' - book 1988, predicting 89-95 housing slump and Japanese housing crash). Housepricecrash.co.uk Empty Homes http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/707942.stm Empty Homes Agency

That's all I can think of for now. But I'm sure this could be expanded and prove useful. The current article is pointless other than seeming (to me) to be biased in favour of increased prices. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.146.71.227 (talk) 10:08, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

 * It was deleted and redirected as a result of Articles for deletion/British property bubble. In short, it failed basic Wikipedia standards. People have to decide whether they are going to comply with Wikipedia policies and guidelines, if not, Wikipedia is not the place for them. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 11:33, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

Daytona2, I have stated a series of facts which were negative to rising prices and have found these have been remove. i.e. the Nationwide house price long term trends lines. I am not going add to this page any more and I suggest you step a side as well, as I notice you have an interest in "landlord and tenant law" are you a buy to let landlord? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.174.225.141 (talk) 23:23, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Name change
Hi. I changed the name, to reflect the specific subject matter of this article. thanks. --Steve, Sm8900 (talk) 13:23, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Without any consultation, which was arrogant behavior, at odds with WP policy. This has now resulted in a confused merge proposal to try and sort out the mess. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 10:55, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

Housing crisis
I have removed the more blatant examples of PoV, but this section still needs a re-write and citations to support most of the assertions. Rjm at sleepers (talk) 06:29, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

Proposed merge
I have proposed that British property bubble be merged with this page, as they seem to cover substantially similar topics and duplicate some of the same information. It is possible that we could have two separate articles, but in that case this one would have to be rewritten to be explicitly about the 2008 house price crash, while the other one concentrates on the bubble up to 2007. I think covering both topics in the same article would be easier. Terraxos (talk) 15:33, 24 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I support this suggestion. My vote is for moving content from this page to the "bubble" article. Rjm at sleepers (talk) 07:33, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

 * Oppose The AFD redirect to this articles previous name should be enforced (see Articles for deletion/British property bubble). It was overturned by this edit. This article was moved without consultation from 'Residential property market in the United Kingdom'. It should be returned to something similar I propose 'United Kingdom Property Market' to include commercial property for which there is not enough information yet for a separate article. Then it should be developed with, amoungst other things, balanced coverage of all significant booms and busts eg 1930s decline, 1940s increase, 1950s decline, 1970s increase and decline, 1980s decline and increase, 1990s decline & 2000 increase. Unbalanced concentration on just one aspect of the subject, as occurs presently, is unencyclopedic. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 10:43, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

Need history
There has always been a housing shortage crisis, worldwide, so we need some history on that, if anyone can help. Stars4change (talk) 17:24, 20 August 2009 (UTC)
 * This is an article about an issue which is time- and place-specific: the undersupply and affordability of housing in contemporary Britain. Affordable housing or even house would be a better place for discussion of the global issues.Pondle (talk) 22:47, 20 August 2009 (UTC)

Anti-Rent War
I'm adding a link to Anti-Rent War because renting causes poverty, obviously, & crime because it is oppression (slavery). Stars4change (talk) 17:30, 20 August 2009 (UTC)
 * I've reverted your addition because an article about an incident in US history has little connection to the contemporary undersupply of housing in the UK. And your statement about renting is opinion - Wikipedia isn't the place for polemics. Renting has advantages and disadvantages, and believe or not some people in certain circumstances prefer it to actually buying a home. In any case, the proper place to discuss all this is the actual renting article.Pondle (talk) 22:37, 20 August 2009 (UTC)

2009 Graph
The graph is dated 2009. It may be worth updating to 2012 - the raw data has moved to here - http://www.nationwide.co.uk/hpi/datadownload/data_download.htm 86.21.255.166 (talk) 11:12, 27 May 2012 (UTC)

Needs great improvement or deletion
If this article was really about affordability then it would include discussion of changes in mortgage rates (and hence average mortgage payments) compared to average incomes over time. As none of these are mentioned at all (at the time of writing) then the article just appears to be a rant or moan. The Halifax, as far as I recall, publishes an Affordability Index, and others may as well, but this is not mentioned at all. Houses or flats are always going to be expensive because they require a lot of resources materials labour and land to make them. 2.101.12.56 (talk) 22:24, 17 January 2015 (UTC)

This article has been out of date for a very long time. I agree it should be deleted as no one has been prepared to undertake the necessary extensive revisions. Tomintoul (talk) 08:09, 19 January 2015 (UTC)

I would suggest that anyone who considers any wikipedia article to have significant shortcomings should spend time improving it, rather than attempt to delete it. The encyclopedia did not begin from fully formed articles on every imaginable subject, but people writing vitual one sentence articles which slowly grow. This seems to be a highly contentious subject, and the usual method to resolve such difficulties is by adding additional information which has been well sourced. Sandpiper (talk) 08:17, 14 June 2015 (UTC)

Some affordability indicies
I think the Halifax do an affordability index, perhaps other lenders too. Here are links to two others I have just found:

http://data.london.gov.uk/housingmarket/ Scroll down the page and eventually you will see a graph. It shows that a typical repayment mortgage is currently (2 Feb 2015) about 21% of income and surprisingly that this figure has been unchanged since 2009.

http://www.cml.org.uk/cml/media/press/4103 Scroll down to table 3 and chart 3. Cost of repayment mortgage currently only 18.4% of income.

The conventional norm has been that housing costs are around 33% of income, so way below this currently. My theory was that as the cost of food and clothing has plummeted over the decades (people used to spend 1/3 of their income on food 70 or so years ago I understand) then people would choose to use this surplus to spend more on better housing. 2.97.209.137 (talk) 21:37, 2 February 2015 (UTC)

Rent?
This article is entirely about the affordability of houses for sale. It doesn't address homes for rent at all — except from the perspective of the landlord! Very poor balance. --Gerrit CUTEDH 14:56, 24 June 2015 (UTC)

Attempt to update article
This article had been tagged as outdated for many years. Much of the copy/data related to the situation eight years ago in 2007. I have put in recent information, but the article is far too short and requires expanding. Tomintoul (talk) 09:07, 11 September 2015 (UTC)

Land values
Tomintoul please note firstly that a Wiki is not a reliable source as per WP:RS and secondly that the page you have linked to does not contain the content you have added. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 10:23, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

Absolutelypuremilk you are quoting a pressure group which is a biased source. It is important a neutral POV is maintained.

Absolutelypuremilk I hope we are moving towards consensus.Tomintoul (talk) 12:17, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

I am not sure there is a compromise position here, you have presented no evidence so far that house prices do not depend on land prices. The source that you have included does not argue this at all, indeed it says in its first paragraph: "Land is the fundamental ingredient in the construction of new homes. Many of the issues limiting the rate of new home building can be traced back to the pricing and availability of land for residential development." Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 13:43, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

On the contrary, I have shown that land prices are a reflection of house prices. The reference I have quoted (and there are many others) shows that the value of land is based on the estimated sale value of houses less building costs, less profit. When house prices fall, land prices fall. We are both reflecting different sides of an argument that has endured for decades, and we won't resolve it here. The important point is that overall the article has a neutral POV, as I'm sure you are aware. Tomintoul (talk) 16:51, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

You have shown that land prices are partially based on what the land would be worth if it was built on, which is correct. You have not provided any evidence about house prices, unless you are wanting to argue that house price rises lead to land price rises lead to house price rises. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 18:36, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

See Land development. Gross development value (GDV) is the starting point for calculating land value, thus the price of land is set by the price of houses.Tomintoul (talk) 20:19, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

I'm still failing to see your point, are you disputing the fact that planning restrictions make land which does have planning permission more expensive or are you making a separate point? Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 20:50, 1 December 2015 (UTC)

I agree there is a degree of conflation in the article. Planning restrictions clearly do impact upon land values, however given that the planning restrictions are extant, land value is determined by house prices. Let us both have a look at this. Tomintoul (talk) 12:03, 2 December 2015 (UTC)

Thank you for your most recent edit to the article, I think this clarifies things greatly. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 12:14, 2 December 2015 (UTC)

Empty Homes
Absolutelypuremilk I agree the the 'Empty Homes' section should really be an article in its own right; it is somewhat tangential to the issue of affordability, but is a subject worthy of report. Tomintoul (talk) 08:20, 3 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Good, I will consider doing that soon. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 09:38, 3 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Absolutelypuremilk Are you going to create Empty Homes in UK? Meanwhile, I think 'Buy To Leave' should probably be moved to a section within Buy to let. What do you think? Tomintoul (talk) 15:45, 14 January 2016 (UTC)

 * I will see how busy I am in the next few weeks, feel free to start it in your sandbox if you wish. Yes that would be fine with me. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 16:01, 14 January 2016 (UTC)

 * Absolutelypuremilk In advance of 'Empty homes' being created as an article in its own right, I think it should be a section in Housing in the United Kingdom as it is not really anything to do with affordability. Tomintoul (talk) 16:25, 14 January 2016 (UTC)

NPOV
Most glaringly, the section on planning restrictions reflects an entirely anti-planning restrictions POV. No balance is given to either opposing views that planning restrictions are not the problem, or if that's not a reasonable kind of balance, to the argument that planning restrictions are worth the cost. Since planning restrictions continue to exist, surely not everyone is on the same side of this.--Samuel J. Howard (talk) 18:33, 31 December 2015 (UTC)

You will note I have done a lot of work on this article to update, improve and make neutral. I agree more is required. Tomintoul (talk) 19:07, 31 December 2015 (UTC)
 * There is still a POV tag on this article. Is any bias still apparent in the article today? Jarble (talk) 18:12, 13 January 2024 (UTC)

Bubble
Categorization of the article as being about a "bubble" and inclusion of the Bubble template (and inclusion of the article on the bubble template) seems to be a NPOV issue. The word "bubble" isn't actually in the article text. And the existence of a UK housing bubble is disputed.--Jahaza (talk) 15:18, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

I think the 'Bubble' business relates to a very old version of the article, which has been transformed.Tomintoul (talk) 15:24, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

 * , OK if I go ahead and remove those items then?--Jahaza (talk) 15:25, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

 * Jahaza Thanks. I've already done some and so have you.Tomintoul (talk) 15:34, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

Rented homes
Article is heavily skewed towards owner-occupiers. I have started a section on 'Rented homes', but this requires considerable expansion.Tomintoul (talk) 10:38, 19 January 2016 (UTC)

Large removal of text
Sport and politics, you removed a large chunk of sourced text saying "clean up and removal". Could you explain the reasoning for the removal of this content? Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 15:49, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Large swathes of information has no source, or a source which is not allowed. Information cannot be added without a source. Information cannot be used to further a POV, and information must be more than nice to have, it must be relevant and encyclopedic. If you can justify the un-sourced, and unverified text with reliable, and acceptable sources, please do so. Un-sourced information must though be removed. The Daily Mail is not allowed to be used on Wikipedia for example.

 * The article was slated as a political statement that house prices going up against wages was bad. It was slanted so that everyone must own a home. It was slanted that people buying properties that the do not live in was bad. It also made out that taxes and costs were fixed at the price when it was added to the article.

 * The information on tax and costs were subjective, for example why is it written in a way that mortgage rate relief is an inherently bad thing.

 * Bias in this article needs removing and removals have undertaken, along with the changes in wording, such as removing phrasing "bug jumps" and "thus people were forced to spend", both of which are POV pushing language. This article needs further clean up, and balancing. Reports, politicians and pressure groups used in this article cannot be cherry-picked to give a biased POV. This article must be written from a neutral POV with reliable and relevant sourced information. Wikipedia cannot be allowed to devolve in to a political soapbox.

 * I hope this answers the above. Sport and politics (talk) 16:15, 8 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Completely agree on removal of unsourced content - happy for you to do that. The following content however:

Replacing council tax
The Joseph Rowntree Foundation has suggested replacing the current Council tax system based on bands of house prices with a system which would mean the tax was more closely related to property prices. This would increase taxes on the highest priced properties and decrease them for the lowest. They claim it would also have the effect of reducing house price volatility.

Land value tax is a proposed replacement for council tax, supported in principle by London mayor Sadiq Khan, which would be based entirely on land (i.e. location) value and not on the value of buildings built on a piece of land or improvements made. It would therefore not penalise improvements to buildings, including the addition of more living space, and would reduce house prices and house price volatility. Also, as it would raise a large amount of revenue, it could be used to fund new social housing construction.

 * Why is only Land Value Tax listed, why are there no other alternatives listed, or for that matter having other taxes, or having no taxes at all included, in the section. Why are the JRF being used as a source, and as the only source. Why is this not explained, and why are there no other organisations listed. Why is more social housing touted in the section, without any explanation or other types of house building included. The phrase "house price volatility" is also a confusing statement, there is also a slant that this is a bad thing. This needs to be explained, and there needs to be some neutrality, why is reduction a good thing, why are market forces being allowed to act in this way not a good thing. This is one sided and poorly written giving too much weight to the narrow information presented above. Sport and politics (talk) 19:24, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

The Daily Telegraph article was unresearched propaganda as it only show what the tax liabilities would be,not the net effect on the house incomes of ordinary working families.

I provided research that shows the re-distributional concequences of a LVT, and precisely how they effect housing affordabilty for typical working UK households. Yet that was deleted. Why? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:C7D:5EB8:8C00:E90F:745F:9F97:7481 (talk) 12:56, 16 June 2018 (UTC)

 * I agree that the DT article was framed in a party political sense - it was talking about a specific example of imagined Labour policy and is probably undue for this article.
 * Which research are you talking about? I removed some content that was supported by blogs, which are not reliable sources. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 17:34, 17 June 2018 (UTC)

Reducing international investment demand
In 2015, the Bow Group, a conservative think-tank, produced a report suggesting a reduction in international investment demand of property. The report proposed limiting foreign residents to the purchase of single new-build properties, with penalties if sold within five years. In 2016, London mayor Sadiq Khan launched an inquiry into housing costs in the city, also highlighting the impact of foreign investment.

 * Why the Bow Group, what is their importance on this issue. Why are there no other organisations used as a source. Why is the Bow Group importance not explained. This is a form of synthesis, as it take a report on an issue, in this case ownership by non-UK nationals, places it in this article, and makes out that that is having an affect. This is synthesis. It could simply be an immigration rule. There is nothing here backing up the assertion of one being related to the other. It is nothing more than synthesis, and its inclusion is POV pushing that one does affect the other. Sport and politics (talk) 19:24, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

Second home ownership
The government set up a £60 million fund to help councils deal with high levels of second home ownership. In 2016, a referendum in St Ives, Cornwall found 83.2% of voters in favour of new housing projects being reserved for full-time residents, as many tourists frequent the area and Cornwall is popular for second home and vacation property ownership.

 * This is a single local authority area, and should not be given undue weight as it is being given by being included as it is such. This gives an impression that this endemic across the whole country, and is a reflection of the country as a whole. This information belongs in an article on St Ives, and that's about it. Potentially it could be included as part of an article on second home-ownership. But second home ownership covers everyone who owns two homes, or more. This is but-to-let landlords- people who have inherited a property, people who are living in one house while building a second. People who own holiday lets, and so on and so on. This section gives an impression second home ownership is people buying a house in a part of the country visiting it one week of the year, and abandoning it fifty-one weeks of the year. This is a terrible section. Sport and politics (talk) 19:24, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

 * The additions do not address the synthesis being implied here, that Second home ownership is related to housing affordability. This has not been demonstrated by the text or the sources provided. A government inquiry is a political issue, this does not address anything but the politics of the issue. More is needed. Sport and politics (talk) 15:58, 9 January 2018 (UTC)

Buy-to-let tax changes
From April 2016, a Stamp Duty surcharge of three per cent of the purchase price was required for those buying to let. From April 2017, buy-to-let mortgage interest payments will have higher rates of income tax relief phased out by the government. Although, companies would not be affected by the new rules.

 * is well sourced (apart from the Land Value Tax stuff, but there are plenty of references in the relevant article which I am happy to move across if you wish). I'm not sure how it is POV? Could you explain further? Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 18:17, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

 * This is a tax issue, not a housing affordability issue. The way it is worded is not related to the article currently worded. It is synthesis. IT is information on the tax of buy-to-let, in an article on affordability of housing in the UK, being used to imply that one affects the other. There is not substance to this claim and it is not supported by the text or the sources. As it is synthesis, and therefor POV, it is a not for this article unless that issue is rectified. Sport and politics (talk) 19:24, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

Merge of Housing in Wales into this article
This article is a catch all for the United Kingdom and this article should contain the whole of the UK and a separate wales article is superfluous. Sport and politics (talk) 16:57, 8 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I would support that. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 09:37, 14 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose on the grounds that housing is broader than affordability of housing, and that even if a merge were considered a better target would be Housing in the United Kingdom, noting that Housing in England also redirects there. Klbrain (talk) 05:21, 14 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose The article discuss mostly Wales specific issues such as the language difference and action taken in Wales related to the housing problems. This wouldn’t fit well into either of the targets mentioned. I do however approve of adding a short summary similar to the London section on this page. Trialpears (talk) 16:47, 19 May 2019 (UTC)
 * Closing, given the uncontested opposition. Klbrain (talk) 20:20, 26 May 2019 (UTC)

Continuing issues of lack of neutrality
Each attempt at making the article more neutral seems to be countered by another move taking it back to a particular perspective. Tomintoul (talk) 09:15, 14 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Could you expand on which content you think is causing the problem? Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 09:37, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

 * Absolutelypuremilk The recent minor edit wars in relation to Land Value Tax is a perfect example. All negative comment in relation to LVT has been deleted and only positive comment remains – this section and much of the whole article has a very left-wing bias. Tomintoul (talk) 16:30, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

I haven't seen any general negative comments in relation to LVT. The Telegraph article which was removed referred to a claim by a political party that an LVT would cost each family £10k. This didn't seem particularly notable for this article. If you can find anything more general on LVT, then feel free to add it. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 17:44, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

The text of the Telegraph article is as follows:

"Replacing council tax with a land value tax would "price people out of their own homes" by charging thousands of families more than £10,000 per year, it has been claimed. Homeowners in council tax band D properties, who currently pay an average of £1,671, would see an average rise of £717 to £2,388 - up 43 per cent, according to a document prepared by the Labour Land Campaign (LLC). It suggests charging as much as £96,534 per year for a three-bedroom home in the richest part of London. B and D homes in wealthy parts of Manchester would pay £11,239 per year and in Bristol £9,567. The figures will reignite the debate over Labour's tax and spend policies as the country prepares to go to the polls in tomorrow's local elections. The tax would hit London and the South East the most, putting lower income households and people who bought their ex-council houses at a discount under the right-to-buy scheme at risk, a minister warns today."

I think it's very disingenuous to present this as a reasonable criticism of LVT - we should not be introducing false balance when the sources clearly do not support it. Wikipedia is not the place to reproduce party political comments for the sake of it. I will ask for a third opinion here. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 10:22, 20 June 2018 (UTC)

It is a report of what other commentators are saying; there is no claim that it is reasonable or otherwise.Tomintoul (talk) 11:01, 20 June 2018 (UTC)

Just a note here that supported the removal of the Telegraph content, so there seems to be consensus against inclusion. I haven't seen any such consensus against inclusion of the "perfect tax" description. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 17:06, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

I'm not sure that just two editors agreeing amounts to consensus – there has been very little debate. Surely you can see that an unchallenged entry referring to a 'perfect tax' is not neutral POV. This article has historically been riven with POV issues and I have made some attempts to achieve neutrality but it is now going backwards. I'm beginning to wonder if the whole article should be nominated for deletion. Tomintoul (talk) 15:13, 24 July 2018 (UTC)

I think we should reflect what the sources say. The Telegraph article is the only one I have seen which is negative about an LVT. If you think there are others, feel free to add them to the article. We should not try and introduce false balance when that is not what the sources are saying. Feel free to ask for a WP:Third opinion or start an RFC. Absolutelypuremilk (talk) 15:49, 24 July 2018 (UTC)

At the moment, it's just the two us showing much interest in editing this article, so I suggest that until we get significant further input we compromise by leaving the section as it is at the moment i.e. no Telegraph, no 'perfect tax'.Tomintoul (talk) 08:30, 25 July 2018 (UTC)


text:
Ozzie Newsome

Ozzie Newsome Jr. (born March 16, 1956) is an American professional football executive and former player who is the executive vice president of player personnel of the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). Newsome was a tight end for the NFL's Cleveland Browns, and was general manager of the Ravens from 1996 to 2018. Newsome has been inducted into both the College Football Hall of Fame (1994) and the Pro Football Hall of Fame (1999), and is widely regarded as one of the greatest tight ends of all time.

College career
Newsome played for Alabama, where he started for all four years of his college career. Nicknamed "The Wizard of Oz", Newsome made the College Football All-America Team in 1977 and assisted the Crimson Tide to a 42–6 overall record during his four seasons. In total, Newsome amassed 102 receptions for 2,070 receiving yards and 16 touchdowns, while also returning 40 punts for 301 yards. His 20.3 average yards per catch was a Southeastern Conference record for over 20 years. Newsome was named the Alabama Player of the Decade for the 1970s. He was a two-time All-SEC player (in 1976 and 1977), and named SEC Lineman of the Year in 1977 by the Birmingham Quarterback Club and the Atlanta Touchdown Club. In 1994, Newsome was enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame. Coach Paul "Bear" Bryant called him "the greatest end in Alabama history and that includes Don Hutson. A total team player, fine blocker, outstanding leader, great receiver with concentration, speed, hands."

Professional career
Newsome was drafted in the first round with the 23rd pick in the 1978 NFL draft for the Cleveland Browns. He was named the Browns' Offensive Player of the Year his rookie year, the first time in 25 years that a rookie had received that honor. Newsome went to the Pro Bowl in 1981, 1984 and 1985. In 1984, Newsome set a franchise record for receiving yards in a game (191) that stood for 29 years until it was broken in 2013 by Josh Gordon (who recorded 237 and 261 yards in back-to-back games). In 1986, Newsome won the Ed Block Courage Award for playing with injuries, and in 1990, he won the Byron "Whizzer" White NFL Man of the Year Award for his community service. Though he was never able to play in a Super Bowl, Cleveland made the playoffs seven times during Newsome's career, and made three trips to the AFC championship game.

Newsome finished his career with 662 receptions and 7,980 yards, both Cleveland franchise records, and 47 touchdowns, fifth all-time. When he retired, he was the all-time leader in receptions and yards amongst all NFL tight ends. In 1999, Newsome was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Football executive
Newsome was a front office executive with the Cleveland Browns from 1991 until their relocation to Baltimore in 1996; he has remained an executive with the Baltimore Ravens since their inaugural season. On November 22, 2002, Newsome was named the first general manager of the Ravens, making him the first African-American to occupy that position in the NFL.

Newsome earned his first Super Bowl ring when the Ravens defeated the New York Giants 34–7 in Super Bowl XXXV in 2001, and earned a second ring after the Ravens defeated the San Francisco 49ers in Super Bowl XLVII by a score of 34–31 in 2013.

Ravens owner Steve Bisciotti announced on February 2, 2018, that Newsome would step down following the 2018 season and assistant general manager Eric DeCosta would become the team's new GM. Although DeCosta is the team's general manager, Newsome is still employed by the Ravens in an active and significant role and he is listed as executive vice president on the Ravens Official Website.

Other awards
In 2003, Newsome received the United States Sports Academy's highest honor, the Eagle Award, in recognition of his significant contributions to international sport.

Newsome is a member of the Cleveland Browns' "Ring of Honor", becoming a member of the first class inducted on September 19, 2010.

title: Ozzie Newsome


text:
Jack Ham

Jack Raphael Ham Jr. (born December 23, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1971 to 1982. He is considered one of the greatest outside linebackers in the history of the NFL. Ham was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1988 and the College Football Hall of Fame in 1990. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions. In mid-2019 the newsletter of the PSU Alumni Association rated Ham first among the 100 greatest athletes, considering all sports and all previous football players, in University history.

Early life
Ham was born and raised in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he attended Bishop McCort High School. He continued his education at Massanutten Military Academy in Woodstock, Virginia for a post-graduate season.

College football
Ham played college ball at Pennsylvania State University. In his three years as a starting linebacker, the Nittany Lions had records of 11–0, 11–0, and 7–3. In his senior year, 1970, Ham was co-captain, had 91 tackles, four interceptions, and was an All-American. He had 251 career tackles, 143 unassisted. He blocked three punts in 1968, setting a school record that was not tied until 1989. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1990.

On December 11, 2014, the Big Ten Network included Ham on "The Mount Rushmore of Penn State Football", as chosen by online fan voting. Ham was joined in the honor by John Cappelletti, LaVar Arrington and Shane Conlan.

Professional football career
Ham was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second-round (34th overall) of the 1971 NFL draft. He won the starting left linebacker job as a rookie. He was first-team All-Pro six years and was named to eight straight Pro Bowls. Ham was blessed with tremendous quickness — according to Steelers coach Chuck Noll and teammate Andy Russell he was the "fastest Steeler for the first ten yards, including wide receivers and running backs". He was one of the few outside linebackers who could play pass defense as well as the NFL's top safeties. Although he was a ferocious hitter, he was known as a player who could not be fooled and was seldom out of position. Maxie Baughan, a former NFL linebacker said of Ham, "He was one of the more intelligent players to ever play that position. He was able to diagnose plays. You couldn't ever fool him."

Ham's career statistics include 25 sacks, 21 fumbles recovered, and 32 interceptions (although the sack numbers are unofficial since the NFL did not begin recording sacks until Ham's final year in the league, so he officially has just three sacks). As these numbers indicate, Ham had a flair for the big play, guided by some of the best football instincts ever found in a linebacker. Ham was a member of four Super Bowl winning teams during his 12-year career (although he did not play in Super Bowl XIV due to an ankle injury), all of it spent with the Steelers. His 53 takeaways are the most in NFL history by a non-defensive back, while his 32 interceptions rank him 3rd all time among linebackers, behind Don Shinnick and Stan White.

"Dobre Shunka" (either Polish or Slovak for "good ham") was Ham's nickname while playing, as well as the name of Ham's fan club in the 1970s.

After retirement
After announcing his retirement as an active player on February 17, 1983, Ham began a career as a radio personality. He served as a color commentator for national radio broadcasts of NFL games, and later hosted a show in Pittsburgh with Mark Madden on ESPN Radio 1250 during the NFL season. Ham is currently a sports analyst for Penn State Radio Network and also appears as an analyst on the Westwood One radio network.

Ham is a minority owner of the North American Hockey League's Johnstown Tomahawks. On January 31, 2013, Ham was honored by the Tomahawks' organization with a bobblehead giveaway to the first 1,000 fans who entered the Cambria County War Memorial Arena for the Tomahawks' game against the Port Huron Fighting Falcons.

In 2017, Ham became an advocate of medical marijuana, having studied the benefits of relieving symptoms related to playing football, and wants the NFL to soften their stance on the use of marijuana in general. Ham felt inspired after seeing the cognitive decline of contemporary Nick Buoniconti, as well as other current and former players including former teammate Mike Webster, despite Ham himself being healthy. Ham also believes medical marijuana would help counter the ongoing opioid epidemic affecting society as a whole.

Honors
Ham was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1988 and the College Football Hall of Fame in 1990. In 1999, he was ranked number 47 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Football Players.

title: Jack Ham


text:
MFP

MFP may refer to:

Politics

 * Member of the Flemish Parliament

Political parties

 * Marematlou Freedom Party, a political party in Lesotho
 * Magyar Függetlenségi Párt, a Hungarian political party after World War II
 * Matabeleland Freedom Party, a separatist political party in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe
 * Montenegrin Federalist Party, a political party representing Montenegrins in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
 * Move Forward Party, a center-left political party in Thailand.

Software and hardware

 * Macromedia Flash Player, now known as Adobe Flash Player
 * MyFitnessPal, a free app and website that tracks diet and exercise
 * Multifunction printer, an office machine that incorporates the functionality of multiple devices in one

Science, Medicine

 * Membrane fusion protein, a protein which makes membranes combine
 * Mean free path, in kinetic theory, a term describing the path of molecules, atoms or photons
 * Sodium monofluorophosphate, an ingredient in toothpastes
 * Multiple fractional polynomial, a statistical method

Art

 * Mystery Flesh Pit National Park

Music

 * Music for People (album), a 2000 album by the band VAST
 * Music for Pleasure (record label), a record label from England

Places

 * Muzaffarpur Junction railway station (station code: MFP), a railway station in India
 * Multifunction Polis, a proposed technology city in Australia

Others

 * Marinefährprahm, a World War II German landing craft
 * Macassar Malay (ISO 639 code: mfp), a Malay trade language
 * Main Force Patrol, an Australian Federal Police unit in the Mad Max movies
 * Management Frame Protection, the name used by Cisco Systems to refer to IEEE 802.11w-2009
 * Master Financial Professional, a designation offered by the American Academy of Financial Management
 * Malay Film Productions, a defunct film studio in Singapore
 * Mayors for Peace (MfP), an organisation promoting world peace
 * Mechanical fuel pump, a common type of fuel pump
 * Military Foot Police, a precursor to the Royal Military Police
 * Minimum Foundation Program, the formula that determines the cost to educate students at public elementary and secondary schools in Louisiana
 * Minimal Floor Price (in some legal systems)
 * Multifactor productivity, a measure of the change in output per unit of input in an economic system
 * Music for People (organization), a non-profit organization dedicated to music-making and music improvisation as a means of self-expression
 * Multifunction platform, a diesel generator for use in Africa (see also: solar panel)

title: MFP


text: Category:Football in Gibraltar

title: Category:Football in Gibraltar


text:
Talk:Baramidze, Giorgi

Dear friends, this is a mistake. The name of Mr. Baramidze isn't David, but George and my article about him already exists on Wikipedia. President Saakashvili will assume the PM responsibilities until he nominates a new candidate while Mr. Baramidze remains on the post of Vice Premier and State Minister.

The real David
Is a chess IM. I can see no reason redirecting to Giorgi, so I have put a stub here. Rich Farmbrough 21:25, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Baramidze, Giorgi


text:
Mike Munchak

Michael Anthony Munchak (born March 5, 1960) is an American former football player and coach. After playing college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions, Munchak played as a guard for the Houston Oilers of the National Football League (NFL), from 1982 until 1993 and was a nine-time selection to the Pro Bowl. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001.

After his retirement, Munchak continued his association with the Houston franchise by becoming an assistant coach. He joined the staff in 1994 as an offensive assistant and quality control coach and stayed with the franchise after it moved to Tennessee and became known as the Tennessee Titans, eventually becoming its offensive line coach in 1997 and serving in that position for 14 years.

Munchak became the Titans head coach in 2011 but was fired after the 2013 season, ending his 31-year association with the franchise. Munchak then served as offensive line coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers for five years before becoming the offensive line coach for the Denver Broncos until 2021.

College career
Munchak was an offensive lineman for Penn State from 1978–81. During this time, he was a starter for the 1979 and 1981 seasons; however, Munchak missed the 1980 season due to a knee injury. During his senior year, Munchak was named a second-team All-American.

Playing career
During the 1982 NFL draft, Munchak was chosen as the Houston Oilers' first round draft pick (8th overall), making him the first offensive lineman drafted that year. In his rookie season, Munchak quickly earned a starting position at the left guard position. He remained in that position for 12 seasons. During that time, Munchak garnered nine Pro Bowl nominations, twice first-team All-Pro, seven All-AFC, and six second-team All-Pro selections. He was also selected for the 1980s All-Decade Team. Munchak's 12-year tenure tied for the second most seasons played with the Houston Oilers.

Houston / Tennessee Oilers / Titans
In 1994, only a year after retiring as a player, Munchak joined the Houston Oilers staff as an offensive assistant/quality control coach. In 1997 Munchak was named offensive line coach of the newly relocated Tennessee Oilers, a position he held for the next fourteen seasons. Following Jeff Fisher's departure as head coach, Munchak was named head coach of the Titans on February 7, 2011. The 2011 season marked his 30th season with the organization. The 2013 season, Munchak's third as head coach, yielded a record of 7–9. That offseason, franchise CEO Tommy Smith and general manager Ruston Webster requested Munchak to replace at least six assistant coaches. Munchak disagreed with some of these requests and refused to fully enact those changes in his staff. Munchak was consequently relieved of his position on January 4, 2014.

Pittsburgh Steelers
The 2014 season marked the first season since 1982 that Munchak had no involvement (as a player or coach) with the Oilers/Titans franchise. He eventually became the offensive line coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers. In a 2015 NFL playoff game against the Cincinnati Bengals, Munchak yanked Bengals player Reggie Nelson's hair, drawing a 15-yard unsportsmanlike conduct penalty. Munchak was subsequently issued a $10,000 fine by the NFL for the incident that was later rescinded after it was determined that the incident was inadvertent.

Denver Broncos
After being a finalist for the Denver Broncos' head coach position, the team hired Munchak to be their offensive line coach on January 14, 2019. Munchak missed the team's Week 8 game in 2020 against the Los Angeles Chargers due to COVID-19 protocols. On February 2, 2022, it was announced that the Broncos would be parting ways with Munchak.

Honors
Munchak was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001, along with Nick Buoniconti, Marv Levy, Jackie Slater, Lynn Swann, Ron Yary, and Jack Youngblood.

In June 2003, Munchak was inducted into the National Polish American Sports Hall of Fame.

The street in front of Scranton High School is named for Munchak.

The United Way of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania has a charity golf tournament named after Munchak. Each year, the tournament is held the last week of June at The Country Club of Scranton in Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania.

Personal life
Munchak and his wife, Marci, have two daughters: Alex and Julie.

title: Mike Munchak