text:
User talk:Huckfinne

Hi! Please do not reposted deleted material. Thanks. - Lucky 6.9 00:53, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

If you don't like where I put something, fine. Don't just delete information that you don't like. Contribute to the commons by improving what others have done.

Curb
The official HBO website capitalizes the "Your". So your move was incorrect. Secondly you moved the page by cutting the old page and pasting it into the new page. This is the wrong way to move pages on wikipedia, because the discussion page and the edit history of the page get lost and it screws up people who have the page on their watchlist. Qutezuce 05:09, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

USS Houston periscope photo
Where did you get the photo? I am a submarine officer who is trying to get the submarine force to use a wiki. If there is someone submarine out there who believes in wikis, I want to know them. --Huckfinne 00:18, 14 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm glad you like it! I got that picture and a lot of other great pictures from The Valiant Shield home page.  That was the only one through a periscope though. The U.S. govt is a great source for photos to illustrate our articles because, by law, works of the U.S. govt (including employees and military people while on duty) are in the public domain.  That is one reason our military articles usually have good pictures.
 * You might want to check out WikiProject Military history and WikiProject Ships to see if you can find some more like-minded people. Good luck, Johntex\talk 00:30, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Welcome
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Anita Newcomb McGee
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Your input is needed on the SOPA initiative
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patents and innovation
hi - i removed your tag on the association for molecular pathology case, and responded to your comment, saying that Talk and wiki are no place for personal opinions. This is -- I am curious why you think that, if you care to tell me. Jytdog (talk) 03:40, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

"which rendered most diagnostic claims unpatentable, which will make it difficult for Myriad's business model to work going forward - difficult for R&D driven business and investors, potentially bad for patients" from the third paragraph of that section is clearly not NPOV. It has wikipedia endorsing the incorrect assertion that lack of intellectual monopoly is bad for R&D driven business and potentially patients. This just isn't true. My opinion, that intellectual monopoly does not promote innovation, is actually a pretty well established fact, but, since it runs contrary to the conventional wisdom, I'm willing to be softer about it in terms of wikipedia. You statement "This is -- I am curious why you think that, if you care to tell me." suggests that you don't agree with me. Our not agreeing helps prove my point regarding NPOV. Thus, I request that you restore my NPOV tag. Perhaps someone else can comment?Huckfinne (talk) 06:45, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

 * oh i am sorry that is what needs to go over in the talk section -- i was asking here about your personal opinion about patents and innovation.  I will copy that text up there into talk and respond there to the issues about the article.   I asked about your opinion here,  because in talk you wrote " I don't have the time to go into all the arguments right now, (I will) but the gist of my point is my, contrary to popular consensus, assertation that intellectual monopoly is a net slower down of innovation due to its prevention of others' innovation. "   Your personal opinion doesn't belong on the talk page, nor does original research, and I have no idea what your opinion is or why you think it.. but since you made it sound like it was somewhat well thought out, I wanted to ask here. Jytdog (talk) 22:19, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

Webinar / edit-a-thon at the National Library of Medicine (NLM)
Join us at the NLM next week, either in person or online, to learn about NLM resources, hear some great speakers, and do some editing!

On Tuesday, 28 May there will be a community Wikipedia meeting at the United States National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland - with a second on Thursday, 30 May for those who can't make it on Tuesday. You can participate either in-person, or via an online webinar. If you attend in person, USB sticks (but not external drives) are ok to use.

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Have time on Saturday?
I'm sorry for the last-minute notice, but on Saturday, June 8, from 3 to 6 PM, Wikimedia DC and the Cato Institute are hosting a Legislative Data Meetup. We will discuss the work done so far by WikiProject U.S. Federal Government Legislative Data to put data from Congress onto Wikipedia, as well as what more needs to be done. If you have ideas you'd like to contribute, or if you're just curious and feel like meeting up with other Wikipedians, you are welcome to come! Be sure to RSVP here if you're interested.

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DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, July 13!
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The Pulse (WP:MED newsletter) June 2014
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BMJ offering 25 free accounts to Wikipedia medical editors
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Medical Translation Newsletter
 Wikiproject Medicine; Translation Taskforce

Medical Translation Newsletter

Issue 1, June/July 2014 by CFCF, Doc James

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Spotlight - Simplified article translation

Wikiproject Medicine started translating simplified articles in February 2014. We now have 45 simplified articles ready for translation, of which the first on African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness has been translated into 46 out of ~100 languages. This list does not include the 33 additional articles that are available in both full and simple versions.

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I've () taken on the role of community organizer for this project, and will be working with this until December. The goals and timeline can be found here, and are focused on getting the project on a firm footing and to enable me to work near full-time over the summer, and part-time during the rest of the year. This means I will be available for questions and ideas, and you can best reach me by mail or on my talk page.
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 * Wikimania 2014

There has previously been some resistance against translation into certain languages with strong Wikipedia presence, such as Dutch, Polish, and Swedish. What was found is that thre is hardly any negative opinion about the the project itself; and any such critique has focused on the ways that articles have being integrated. For an article to be usefully translated into a target-Wiki it needs to be properly Wiki-linked, carry proper citations and use the formatting of the chosen target language as well as being properly proof-read. Certain large Wikis such as the Polish and Dutch Wikis have strong traditions of medical content, with their own editorial system, own templates and different ideas about what constitutes a good medical article. For example, there are not MEDRS (Polish,German,Romanian,Persian) guidelines present on other Wikis, and some Wikis have a stronger background of country-specific content.
 * Integration progress

 * Swedish Translation into Swedish has been difficult in part because of the amount of free, high quality sources out there already: patient info, for professionals. The same can be said for English, but has really given us all the more reason to try and create an unbiased and free encyclopedia of medical content. We want Wikipedia to act as an alternative to commercial sources, and preferably a really good one at that. Through extensive collaborative work and by respecting links and Sweden specific content the last unintegrated Swedish translation went live in May.
 * Dutch Dutch translation carries with it special difficulties, in part due to the premises in which the Dutch Wikipedia is built upon. There is great respect for what previous editors have created, and deleting or replacing old content can be frowned upon. In spite of this there are success stories: Anafylaxie.
 * Polish Translation and integration into Polish also comes with its own unique set of challenges. The Polish Wikipedia has long been independent and works very hard to create high quality contentfor Polish audience. Previous translation trouble has lead to use of unique templates with unique formatting, not least among citations. Add to this that the Polish Wikipedia does not allow template redirects and a large body of work is required for each article. (This is somewhat alleviated by a commissioned Template bot - to be released). - List of articles for integration
 * Arabic The Arabic Wikipedia community has been informed of the efforts to integrate content through both the general talk-page as well as through one of the major Arabic Wikipedia facebook-groups: مجتمع ويكيبيديا العربي, something that has been heralded with great enthusiasm.

Integration is the next step after any translation. Despite this it is by no means trivial, and it comes with its own hardships and challenges. Previously each new integrator has needed to dive into the fray with little help from previous integrations. Therefore we are creating guides for specific Wikis that make integration simple and straightforward, with guides for specific languages, and for integrating on small Wikis.
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Instructions on how to integrate an article may be found here

News in short

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Wikiversity Journal of Medicine, an open access peer reviewed journal with no charges, invites you to participate
Hi

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Wikipedia:WikiProject United States/The 50,000 Challenge
--MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 02:40, 8 November 2016 (UTC)

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

Is there a way to appeal wholesale deletion or provide supervisory feedback to editors doing so?
Greetings Huckfinne:

Is there a way to appeal wholesale deletion or provide supervisory feedback to editors doing so (for example our common experience with RHaworth)

It looks like you have more experience and have done much more to improve Wikipedia than I have and so I thought you may have some insight for me.

I agree with your comments, wholesale deletion seems really rude and a way to shut down contributions. I also did a lot of work and provided full citations and illustrations to an article that was summarily deleted by RHaworth.

GEGranato (talk) 19:42, 15 April 2019 (UTC)

 * I don't know. I just pointed it out to him and my draft was restore.  Maybe find another senior editor to ask. — Huckfinne (talk) 01:48, 16 April 2019 (UTC)

 * Interesting. In fact my restoration of draft:history of local and regional anesthesia was highly uncharacteristick for me: I usually just email the text and leave the author to repost without the copyvio stuff. Points to note: Gregory has a declared CoI and we do not like such contributions. Anesthesia is a subject of worldwide interest. I doubt whether the notability of Gregory's database even stretches as far as Montana or Wyoming for example.
 * Gregory, our present coverage of the subject of highway runoff seems to be limited to this one, short paragraph. Write a decent article on the subject in general and include in it a brief mention of, and link to your database. — RHaworth (talk · contribs) 14:17, 17 April 2019 (UTC)

Draft:History of local and regional anesthesia concern
Hi there, I'm HasteurBot. I just wanted to let you know that Draft:History of local and regional anesthesia, a page you created, has not been edited in 5 months. The Articles for Creation space is not an indefinite storage location for content that is not appropriate for articlespace.

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Your draft article, Draft:History of local and regional anesthesia

Hello, Huckfinne. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "History of local and regional anesthesia".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been nominated for deletion. If you plan on working on it further, or editing it to address the issues raised if it was declined, simply and remove the, , or  code.

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Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia! CptViraj (📧) 17:38, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

Health Education England
I have no connection to HEE. My editing mostly derives from coverage in the Health Service Journal. I dont see any obvious evidence that HEE people have been editing the article.Rathfelder (talk) 22:18, 5 June 2020 (UTC)

Thanks for answering. Not sure if you know much about Dr. Day's case. I do not know him personally and only know his case from the media. I can understand his thinking that HEE would edit wikipedia to his disadvantage. His life has been turned upside down in a very kafkaesque fashion. So much so that it seems that his own solicitors were and the BMA were in on it. May I suggest responding to him on Twitter telling him you aren't connected to HEE? Huckfinne (talk) 22:22, 5 June 2020 (UTC)

Certainly. But I'm afraid this does not raise my opinion of him. Rathfelder (talk) 09:17, 6 June 2020 (UTC)

Blockchain and cryptocurrency general sanctions notification
Retimuko (talk) 22:46, 25 November 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Huckfinne


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/PestszentlÅ‘rinc

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was REDIRECT. dbenbenn | talk 23:07, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Pestszentl&
This article obviously has an incorrect character in its title, so it should be deleted. (There is an article with a well-formed title on the same topic, Pestszentlorinc, it contains all the information mentioned in the previous article.) --Adam78 00:54, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * No, the article obviously has the correct spelling of the place; it's Pestszentlőrinc, not Pestszentlorinc. The Wikipedia software has trouble displaying Unicode article titles, but people will be searching using the Unicode characters just the same.  Therefore Pestszentl& should be redirected to the ASCII rendering Pestszentlorinc, and the latter article should have one of those "The title of this article is incorrect due to technical limitations" notices. Psychonaut 02:27, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Hey, this template doesn't work! * Votes for deletion/PestszentlÅ& I wanted to link to the above, but the deletion template doesn't work. Are these characters really so nasty? At least I can link (above) to the article with the faulty title, and from that page you can reach its "Votes for deletion" entry. The problem is more than obvious... --Adam78 01:26, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Maybe it's easier if I copy the appropriate "Votes for deletion" message:
 * This article obviously has an incorrect character in its title, so it should be deleted. (There is an article with a well-formed title on the same topic, Pestszentlorinc, it contains all the information mentioned in the previous article.) --Adam78 00:54, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Note: redirect would also be possible, and this way users perhaps wouldn't feel necessary to create a new article with a "more precise" name. --Adam78 01:35, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Fixed. -- AllyUnion (talk) 10:24, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect -- AllyUnion (talk) 10:24, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect completed --Adam78 15:27, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User talk:Rkjnsn

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 00:55, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Rkjnsn


text:
Earl Hooker

Earl Zebedee Hooker (January 15, 1930 – April 21, 1970) was a Chicago blues guitarist known for his slide guitar playing. Considered a "musician's musician", he performed with blues artists such as Sonny Boy Williamson II, Junior Wells, and John Lee Hooker and fronted his own bands. An early player of the electric guitar, Hooker was influenced by the modern urban styles of T-Bone Walker and Robert Nighthawk. He recorded several singles and albums as a bandleader and with other well-known artists. His "Blue Guitar", a slide guitar instrumental single, was popular in the Chicago area and was later overdubbed with vocals by Muddy Waters as "You Shook Me".

In the late 1960s, Hooker began performing on the college and concert circuit and had several recording contracts. Just as his career was on an upswing, he died in 1970, at age 40, after a lifelong struggle with tuberculosis. His guitar playing has been acknowledged by many of his peers, including B.B. King, who commented, "to me he is the best of modern guitarists. Period. With the slide he was the best. It was nobody else like him, he was just one of a kind".

Early life
Hooker was born in rural Quitman County, Mississippi, outside of Clarksdale. In 1930, his parents moved the family to Chicago, during the Great Migration of blacks out of the rural South in the early 20th century.

His family was musically inclined (John Lee Hooker was a cousin), and Earl heard music played at home at an early age. About age ten, he started playing the guitar. He was self-taught and picked up what he could from those around him. He developed proficiency on the guitar but showed no interest in singing. He had pronounced stuttering, which afflicted him all his life. Hooker contracted tuberculosis when he was young. The disease did not become critical until the mid-1950s, but it required periodic hospitalizations, beginning at an early age.

By 1942, when he was 12, Hooker was performing on Chicago street corners with childhood friends, including Bo Diddley. From the beginning, the blues was Hooker's favorite music. In this period, country-influenced blues was giving way to swing-influenced and jump blues styles, which often featured the electric guitar. In 1942, the popular guitarist T-Bone Walker began a three-month stint at the Rhumboogie Club in Chicago. He had considerable impact on Hooker, with both his playing and his showmanship. Walker's swing-influenced blues guitar, including "the jazzy way he would sometimes run the blues scales" and intricate chording, appealed to Hooker. Walker's stage dynamics, which included playing the guitar behind his neck and with his teeth, influenced Hooker's later stage act.

Around this time, Hooker became friends with Robert Nighthawk, one of the first guitarists in Chicago to play the electric guitar. Nighthawk taught Hooker slide guitar techniques, including various tunings and his highly articulated approach, and was a lasting influence on Hooker's playing. Also around this time, Hooker met Junior Wells, another important figure in his career. The two were frequent street performers, and sometimes, to avoid foul weather (or truancy officers), they played in streetcars, riding from one line to another across Chicago.

Early career and recordings
Around 1946, Hooker traveled to Helena, Arkansas, where he performed with Robert Nighthawk. When he was not booked with Nighthawk, he performed with Sonny Boy Williamson II, sometimes on Williamson's popular radio program, King Biscuit Time, on station KFFA, in Helena. Hooker toured the South as a member of Nighthawk's band for the next couple of years. This was his introduction to life as an itinerant blues musician (although he had earlier run away from home and spent time in the Mississippi Delta). In 1949, Hooker tried to establish himself in the music scene in Memphis, Tennessee, but was soon back on the road, fronting his own band. By the early 1950s he had returned to Chicago and was performing regularly in clubs. This set the pattern that he repeated for most of his life: extensive touring with various musicians interspersed with establishing himself in various cities before returning to the Chicago club scene. During this time, he formed a band with the blues drummer and vocalist Kansas City Red.

In 1952, Hooker began recording for several independent record companies. His early singles were often credited to the vocalist he recorded with, although some instrumentals (and his occasional vocal) were issued in Hooker's name. Songs by Hooker and blues and R&B artists, including Johnny O'Neal, Little Sam Davis, Boyd Gilmore, Pinetop Perkins, the Dells, Arbee Stidham, Lorenzo Smith, and Harold Tidwell, were recorded for King, Rockin', Sun, Argo, Vee-Jay, States, United, and C.J. (several of these recordings, including all of the Sun sessions, were unissued at the time). The harmonica player Little Arthur Duncan often accompanied Hooker during this period.

Among these early singles was Hooker's first recorded vocal performance, an interpretation of the blues classic "Black Angel Blues". His vocals were more than adequate but lacked the power usually associated with blues singers. Hooker's "Sweet Angel" (1953, Rockin' 513) was based on Nighthawk's "Black Angel Blues" (1949) and showed that "Hooker had by now transcended his teacher". (B.B. King later had a hit with his interpretation, "Sweet Little Angel", in 1956.) One of Hooker's most successful singles during this period was "Frog Hop", recorded in 1956 (Argo 5265), an upbeat instrumental in which the influence of T-Bone Walker's swing blues and chording techniques can be heard, but Hooker's own style is also apparent.

Chief, Profile, and Age recordings
Despite a major attack of tuberculosis in 1956, which required hospitalization, Hooker returned to performing in Chicago clubs and touring the South. By late 1959, Junior Wells had brought Hooker to the Chief–Profile–Age group of labels, with which he began one of the most fruitful periods of his recording career. Their first recording together, "Little by Little" (Profile 4011), was a hit the following year, reaching number 23 on the Billboard Hot R&B Sides chart. With this success and his rapport with Chief owner and producer Mel London, Hooker became Chief's house guitarist. From 1959 to 1963, he appeared on about forty Chief recordings, including singles for Wells, Lillian Offitt, Magic Sam, A.C. Reed, Ricky Allen, Reggie "Guitar" Boyd, Johnny "Big Moose" Walker, and Jackie Brenston, as well as singles on which Hooker was the featured artist. He performed for nearly all of Wells's releases, including "Come On in This House", "Messin' with the Kid", and "It Hurts Me Too", which remained in Wells's repertoire for the rest of his career. Hooker regularly performed with Wells for the latter part of 1960 and most of 1961.

Hooker released several instrumentals for the Chief labels, including the slow blues "Calling All Blues" (Chief 7020) in 1960, which featured his slide guitar playing, and "Blues in D Natural" (Chief 7016), also in 1960, in which he switched between fretted and slide guitar. A chance taping before a recording session captured perhaps Hooker's best-known composition (although by a different title). During the warm-up preceding a session in May 1961, Hooker and his band played an impromptu slow blues featuring his slide guitar. The tune was played once, and Hooker was apparently not aware that it was being recorded. Producer Mel London saved the tape and, when looking for material to release the following spring, issued it as "Blue Guitar" (Age 29106). "Earl's song sold unusually well for an instrumental blues side", and Chicago-area bluesmen included it in their sets.

Sensing greater commercial potential for Hooker's "Blue Guitar", Leonard Chess approached London about using it for the next Muddy Waters record. An agreement was reached, and in July 1962 Waters overdubbed a vocal (with lyrics by Willie Dixon) on Hooker's single. The song, renamed "You Shook Me", was successful, and Chess hired Hooker to record three more instrumentals for Waters to overdub. One of the songs, "You Need Love", again with lyrics by Dixon, was also a success and "sold better than Muddy's early sixties recordings". The rock band Led Zeppelin later achieved greater success with their adaptations of Hooker's and Waters's "You Shook Me" and "You Need Love".

During his time with Chief, Hooker recorded singles as a sideman for Bobby Saxton and Betty Everett and in his own name for the Bea & Baby, C.J., and Checker labels. By 1964, the last of the Chief labels went out of business, ending his longest association with a record label. For some, his recordings for the Chief–Profile–Age group are his best work.

Cuca and Arhoolie recordings
Hooker continued touring and began recording for Cuca Records, Jim-Ko, C.J., Duplex, and Globe. Several songs recorded for Cuca between 1964 and 1967 were released on his first album, The Genius of Earl Hooker. The album was composed of instrumentals, including the slow blues "The End of the Blues" and some tunes incorporating recent popular music trends, such as the early funk-influenced "Two Bugs in a Rug" (an allusion to his tuberculosis, or TB). Hooker experienced a major tuberculosis attack in late summer 1967 and was hospitalized for nearly a year.

When Hooker was released from the hospital in 1968, he assembled a new band and began performing in Chicago clubs and touring, against his doctor's advice. The band, with the pianist Pinetop Perkins, the harmonica player Carey Bell, the bassist Geno Skaggs, the vocalist Andrew Odom, and the steel guitar player Freddie Roulette, was "widely acclaimed" and "considered one of the best Earl had ever carried with him". On the basis of a recommendation from Buddy Guy, Arhoolie Records recorded an album, Two Bugs and a Roach, by Hooker and his new band. The album, released in the spring of 1969, included a mix of instrumentals and songs with vocals by Odom, Bell, and Hooker. For one of his vocals, Hooker chose "Anna Lee", a song based on Robert Nighthawk's "Annie Lee Blues" (1949). As he had done earlier with "Sweet Angel", Hooker acknowledged his mentor's influence but went beyond Nighthawk's version to create his own interpretation. The "brilliant bebop[-influenced]" instrumental "Off the Hook" showed his jazz leanings. Two Bugs and a Roach was "extremely well-received by critics and the public" and "stands today as [part of] Hooker's finest musical legacy."

Blue Thumb and Bluesway recordings
The year 1969 was an important one in Hooker's career. He again teamed with Junior Wells, performing at higher-paying college dates and concerts, including Chicago's Kinetic Playground. This pairing did not last long, and in May 1969, after assembling new players, Hooker recorded material that was later released as Funk: Last of the Late Great Earl Hooker. Also in May, after being recommended by Ike Turner (with whom he first toured in 1952), Hooker went to Los Angeles to record the album Sweet Black Angel for Blue Thumb Records, with arrangements and piano accompaniment by Turner. The album included Hooker's interpretations of several blues standards, such as "Sweet Home Chicago" (with Hooker on vocal), "Drivin' Wheel", "Cross Cut Saw", "Catfish Blues", and the title track. While in Los Angeles, Hooker visited clubs and sat in with Albert Collins at the Ash Grove several times and jammed with others, including Jimi Hendrix.

After the Blue Thumb recording session, Hooker and his band backed his cousin John Lee Hooker on a series of club dates in California, after which John Lee used them for a recording session for Bluesway Records. The resulting album, John Lee Hooker Featuring Earl Hooker – If You Miss 'Im ... I Got 'Im, was Earl Hooker's introduction to the Bluesway label, a subsidiary of ABC and home to B.B. King. He recorded six more albums for Bluesway in 1969: his own Don't Have to Worry and albums by Andrew Odom, Johnny "Big Moose" Walker, Charles Brown, Jimmy Witherspoon, and Brownie McGhee and Sonny Terry.

Hooker's Don't Have to Worry included vocal performances by him and by Walker and Odom, along with instrumental selections. The session had a "coherence and consistency" that helped to make the album another part of Hooker's "finest musical legacy". Touring with his band in California took Hooker to the San Francisco Bay area in July 1969, where he played club and college dates and rock venues, such as The Matrix and the Fillmore West. In Berkeley, he and his band, billed as Earl Hooker and His Chicago Blues Band, performed at a club, Mandrake's, for two weeks as he recorded a second album for Arhoolie. The album, Hooker and Steve, was recorded with Louis Myers on harmonica, Steve Miller on keyboards, Geno Skaggs on bass, and Bobby Robinson on drums. Hooker shared the vocals with Miller and Skaggs.

Last performances
After his California sojourn, Hooker returned to Chicago and performed regularly around the city. He appeared at the first Chicago Blues Festival on August 30, 1969, which attracted about 10,000 people. In October 1969, Hooker toured Europe as part of the American Folk Blues Festival, playing twenty concerts in twenty-three days in nine countries. His sets were well received and garnered favorable reviews. "The journey overseas was a sort of apotheosis for Hooker, who regarded it, along with his recording trips to California, as the climax of his career." The tour exhausted him, and "his friends noticed a severe deterioration of his health upon his return." Hooker played a few dates around Chicago (including some with Junior Wells) from November to early December 1969, after which he was hospitalized.

Hooker died on April 21, 1970, at age 40, of complications due to tuberculosis. He is interred in Restvale Cemetery, in the Chicago suburb of Alsip.

Playing style and recognition
Unlike his contemporaries Elmore James and Muddy Waters, Hooker used standard tuning on his guitar for slide playing. He used a short steel slide, which allowed him to switch between slide and fretted playing during a song with greater ease. Part of his slide sound has been attributed to his light touch, a technique he learned from Robert Nighthawk. "Instead of using full-chord glissando effects, he preferred the more subtle single-note runs inherited from others who played slide in standard tuning, [such as] Tampa Red, Houston Stackhouse, and his mentor Robert Nighthawk." In addition to his mastery of slide guitar, Hooker was also a highly developed standard-guitar soloist and rhythm player. At a time when many blues guitarists were emulating B.B. King, Hooker maintained his own course. Although he was a bluesman at heart, he was adept at several musical styles, which he incorporated into his playing as it suited him. Depending on his mood and audience reaction, a Hooker performance could include blues, boogie-woogie, R&B, soul, be-bop, pop, and even a country-western favorite.

Hooker was a flamboyant showman in the style of T-Bone Walker and predated others with a similar approach, such as Guitar Slim and Johnny "Guitar" Watson. He wore flashy clothes and picked the guitar with his teeth or his feet or played it behind his neck or between his legs. He also played a double-neck guitar, at first a six-string guitar and four-string bass combination and later a twelve- and six-string combination. After his 1967 tuberculosis attack left him weakened, he sometimes played while seated and used a lighter single-neck guitar. In a genre that typically shunned gadgetry, Hooker was an exception. He experimented with amplification and used echo and tape delay, including "double-tracking his playing during a song, [so] he could pick simultaneously two solos in harmony". He began using a wah-wah pedal in 1968 to add a vocal-like quality to some of his solos.

Hooker did not receive as much public recognition as some of his contemporaries, but he was highly regarded by musicians. Many consider him among the greatest modern blues guitarists, including Wayne Bennett, Bobby "Blue" Bland, Albert Collins, Willie Dixon, Ronnie Earl, Tinsley Ellis, Guitar Shorty, Buddy Guy, John Lee Hooker, Albert King, B.B. King, Little Milton, Louis Myers, Lucky Peterson, Otis Rush, Joe Louis Walker, and Junior Wells. In 2013, Hooker was inducted to the Blues Hall of Fame, which noted that "Earl Hooker was the 'blues guitarists' guitarist,' the most respected six-string wizard in Chicago blues musicians' circles during the 1950s and '60s."

Partial album discography
The following lists the albums Hooker released during his career and currently available compilations.

title: Earl Hooker


text:
User talk:Vynce

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 00:56, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
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scratchpad / cloud clipboard: 0.329,0.841,0.168,0.985,0.452,1.007,0.684,1.978,0.765,2.634,0.875,0.259,0.748,1.55,0.005,1.805,-1,1.677,1.132,7,1.226,1.287,4,1.119,0.423,3,5.684,0.312,6,2.68,1.024,4,6.184,0.817,7,1.632,0.507,5,3.512,1.485,16254724,14007407,12931663,13346266,13346266,15341023,13642517,13642517,15427169,433075,13642517,2580545,2580545,2580545,8234341,106327 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.28.127.2 (talk) 00:28, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

0.062,2.464,0.058,2.729,0.358,0.626,0.11,1.261,0.052,0.462,0.75,2.982,0.823,0.724,0.493,1.855,5,0.981,0.678,7,4.065,1.207,-1,0.441,1.022,-1,4.941,1.328,-1,5.167,0.653,-1,3.276,1.075,-1,0.13,1.351,-1,0.714,0.903,15111853,3722942,14699928,16182924,14142112,8510536,10307724,10224709,6341338,15111853,3340461,8102356,7366315,8874276,1041171,161781 69.28.127.2 (talk) 01:35, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

Long and short scales
The sense of the quote appears to me to be that the students think it is 10^9 whereas he thinks it is 10^12. As such, it does make sense. Ian Cairns (talk) 11:03, 17 December 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vynce


text:
Polesworth

Polesworth is a large village and civil parish in the North Warwickshire district of Warwickshire, England. It is situated close to the northern tip of Warwickshire, adjacent to the border with Staffordshire. It is 3 mi east of Tamworth, and is 5 mi northwest of Atherstone.

In the 2021 census, the civil parish of Polesworth had a population of 8,727 and included the contiguous villages of Birchmoor, St Helena, and Hall End directly to the south, and Warton to the East. The built-up area of Polesworth which includes the adjoining village of Dordon to the south, had a population of 9,913 in 2021. The border with Leicestershire is 3 mi to the east, while Derbyshire is 6 mi to the north. The River Anker runs through the village.

History
The name Polesworth is derived from "pol" meaning a "pool" and "worth" meaning "a dwelling" or enclosure in the Old English language. Polesworth was once the site of an abbey. Polesworth Abbey was founded in 827 by King Egbert with his daughter Editha (later Saint Editha) as Abbess. It prospered for 700 years but was disbanded as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries. In 1544 the lands of the Abbey were granted by the Crown to Francis Goodere, who used the stones of the Abbey to build a manor house; Polesworth Hall.

Henry Goodere, son of Francis, was a patron of the arts and Polesworth Hall was a centre of culture during Elizabethan times. The poet Michael Drayton was in the service of the Goodere family around 1580, and his works contain allusions to Polesworth and the River Anker. Other notable figures including the dramatist Ben Jonson, architect Inigo Jones and poet John Donne, made up the core of an elite group who became known as the Polesworth Circle. It is also rumoured that William Shakespeare spent time at Polesworth. Polesworth Hall no longer exists, as it was demolished around 1870, and replaced by the vicarage.

In around 1509 Thomas Cockayne constructed Pooley Hall, which today includes some of the oldest brickwork in the country. The hall still exists and overlooks Pooley View. That part of the hall known as Pooley Farm was once the home of the late American Soul and Motown singer Edwin Starr, famous for the song War.

During the English Civil War, Polesworth and Wilnecote are listed among the towns paying arrears to the Parliamentary garrison at Tamworth. In an account drawn up by a Captain Thomas Layfield for the period from 1 November 1645 to 1 May 1646, Polesworth (being rated at £8 a week) was assessed at and paid £196.16.0 while Wilnecote (at £2 a week) paid £50.7.0.

When the Coventry Canal was built through Polesworth in the 1770s, the village developed a coal-mining and clay industry and the population underwent rapid growth. During the Second World War, opencast coal-mining devastated the surrounding countryside, and caused the River Anker to be diverted. Mining in the area has since disappeared. 62.5 hectares of the site of the former Pooley Hall Colliery which closed in 1965 has been transformed into Pooley Country Park.

Transport

The M42 motorway runs just to the west of Polesworth and the A5 road runs just to the south. The Trent Valley section of the West Coast Main Line runs just to the north of the village. Polesworth railway station is on this line, however since 2005 the station has received only a "Parliamentary service" of just one northbound train per day. This is due to the fact that only the northbound platform is accessible, as the footbridge to the southbound platform was removed during upgrade works to the West Coast Main Line, and was not replaced. The nearest fully operational railway stations are Tamworth and Atherstone, both within 5 mi. The Coventry Canal also runs through Polesworth.

Polesworth is served hourly by Arriva Midlands North-operated bus route 65 between Tamworth and Nuneaton.

Education
The main primary school in Polesworth is the Nethersole Primary School. This school has existed since the mid-17th century (albeit at a different location) having been founded by a local benefactor Sir Francis Nethersole as a free school for the poor of Polesworth. The main secondary school serving the area is The Polesworth School, based at the adjacent village of Dordon.

Culture
The Polesworth Poets Trail is an attraction which highlights the famous poets who were once associated with the village. The trail consists of strategically placed poems at various locations around the local area.

Notable residents

 * Meghan Beesley (born 1989) - Athlete
 * Michael Drayton (1563– 1631) - Poet
 * Henry Goodere (1534–1595) - Nobleman
 * Francis Nethersole (1587–1659) - Diplomat, politician
 * Denis Alva Parsons (1934-2012) - Sculptor
 * Saint Edith of Polesworth (10th century) - Abbess
 * Edwin Starr (1942-2003) - Soul and Motown singer

title: Polesworth


text:
Talk:ChonnaQ

= Deletion = there is just simply no reason at all to have this redir. klingon. ffs. Avriette 00:59, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:ChonnaQ


text: User talk:68.34.105.97

title: User talk:68.34.105.97


text:
Wadding

Wadding is a disc of material used in guns to seal gas behind a projectile (a bullet or ball), or to separate the propellant from loosely packed shots.

Wadding can be crucial to a gun's efficiency, since any gas that leaks past a projectile as it is being fired is wasted. A harder or more carefully designed item which serves this purpose is often called a sabot. Wadding for muzzleloaders is typically a small piece of cloth, or paper wrapping from the cartridge.

Shotguns
In shotgun shells, the wadding is actually a semi-flexible cup-shaped sabot designed to hold numerous much smaller-diameter sub-projectiles (i.e. shots), and is launched out together as one payload-carrying projectile. This minimizes chaotic collisions of the shots with the bore wall and with each other, allowing the internal ballistics to be more consistent. After leaving the muzzle, the wadding loosens and opens up in flight, allowing the much denser shots to be inertially released and scattered. The same function is served when shooting slugs.

Model rockets
Wadding is used in model rockets to protect the parachute when it ejects. Without the recovery wadding, the parachute would melt because the ejection is by a small solid-fuel engine, which gets so hot that it melts the glue almost immediately.

Effects
Burning wadding may have ignited the fire that led to the explosion that destroyed the Orient at the Battle of the Nile (q.v.). The father of Robert Morris, "Financier of the American Revolution," died as the result of being wounded by flying wadding from a ship's gun that was fired in his honor.

title: Wadding


text:
User talk:Mihail Vasiliev

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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title: User talk:Mihail Vasiliev


text:
Talk:Arbiter of Succession

= deletion = surprisingly, this page doesn't even indicate what an arbiter of succession does. Gowron links to it, but given this provides no useful information, and the fact that it is a node about klingon politics, i think we can safely delete it. Avriette 01:06, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/Arbiter of Succession. The final result was Merge and redirecrt to Klingon. --Deathphoenix 02:26, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Arbiter of Succession


text: Talk:Patrick Nally

title: Talk:Patrick Nally


text:
Talk:Red herring (disambiguation)

Links
I noticed some of the items in the list don't have links to the kinds of red herrings they refer to. — Daniel 01:10, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Red Herring Artists
I have added an entry for Red Herring - The Artists collective and a link to its page DavidP 13:16, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

There may be a reference to red herrings in the movie MirrorMask. A character is forced to give a riddle in order to save their life. The riddle makes no sense given the answer, and only serves to send the target on a fruitless chase for an answer.

"What's green, hangs on a wall, and whistles?" "A herring." "A herring isn't green!" "You can paint it." "A herring doesn't hang on a wall!" "You can nail it." "A herring doesn't whistle!" "I just said that to make it less obvious." 70.176.194.33 11:08, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Just stopping in, and noticed this line:

"The phrase is believed to originate from the practice of saving a hunted fox by dragging a red herring across its trail to cause the pursuing hounds to lose the true scent and follow the false odor of herring instead."

My question is this: is the odor of the herring really "the false odor of herring"? It seems like it would be better put simply like this, "... and follow the odor of the herring instead."

 * Funny I must have been changing the line as you were reading it, It now reads:

"The phrase is believed to originate from the practice of saving a hunted fox by dragging a red herring across its trail to cause the pursuing hounds to lose the true scent and follow the false trail of herring odour instead."
 * hope the English spelling of odour is acceptable :)

Anon - November 20, 2005

Nuetrality?
The example "(e.g, that Iraq was a threat to the U.S.A.)" is rather biased and out of place.

Not really disambiguation page
It has become an article about the origin and meaning of the word, etc. I don't have time at the moment to change the disambiguating part at the moment, though. TimBentley (talk) 18:45, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

This article deals entirely with the term/phrase regarding a "misleading diversion or distraction", as described on the current disambiguation page. The meanings in this article all fall easily within the scope of discussing "red herring" as a term. The only things you could try to move to the disambig page are ignoratio elenchi and macguffin, and those are just results of multiple overlapping terms. Renaming this page to red herring (term) would fix the issue definitively, but I don't think that's neccessary.

Disambiguation information
The entire first section of this article belongs on the disambiguation article since it is differentiating between different kinds of red herring. This page should be about the fish, not the logical fallacy. A page for the logical fallacy should be set up, unless it already exists (Red herring (logical fallacy)). — Chris53516 (Talk) 17:24, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Well, actually, there's no such fish as a 'red herring'. There are certainly herring, but the 'red' is the result of smoking for preservation, similar to bacon. This was a traditional and common food staple, as noted in the reference. However, that's covered thoroughly in the kipper article.

Note also that the bulk of the article discusses the 'false clue' meaning, not the logical fallacy - and indeed, the logical fallacy is covered, briefly, on the ignoratio elenchi page.Tofof 09:17, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree that the Ignoratio elenchi page does give a brief and proper comparison to a 'red herring', so I added a link to the Ignoratio elenchi page, as this word has a link from that page and many know more of this phrase than the Latin one. If it is deemed unneccessary, please let me know, thanks! ˜˜˜˜ —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ziggaway (talk • contribs) 23:39, August 26, 2007 (UTC)

Da Vinci Code
I'm Italian, and "Aringarosa" does not mean "red herring" but "pink herring". Gspinoza 14:30, 18 January 2007 (CET)But we get the idea right?

Tidy up
I neither have an account here, nor am I a native speaker - so I am not going to try and fail at correcting this, but does: "Also a false conclusion to a stories conclusions,such clues a character or evidence to mislead the reader of veiwer of a mystery story." really make sense to anyone? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.178.147.217 (talk) 05:41, 31 October 2009 (UTC) Odd nursery rhyme reference moved to cultural references (delete altogether?)

Odd speculation removed: "It's also possible that the phrase "red herring" came into use simply because its appearance and smell are particularly distracting to people in eating situations, an explanation which accounts for its appearance as well as its smell."

If you've chosen to eat kippers, why should they be distracting? They are hardly Durian fruit.

Etymology tidied up - it implied that hounds first had to be trained with kipper trails before being distracted by them... 84.92.241.186 11:34, 21 April 2007 (UTC)

Additions/reordering?
In general usage, a red herring is anything that can mislead or draw attention away from the issue in hand. However, this article only mentions deliberate misleading as a narrative technique or logical fallacy (with the latter relegated to 5th place on the list). The original (as I understand it) meaning of the term (a kipper) is only in second place, with no indication of how/why it relates to the other use.

My suggestion, which I will implement in a couple of days if no-one objects, would be to rearrange the article to something like this:

 * A red herring is another name for a kipper: a smoked, dried herring. The strong smell of this foodstuff means it can be used[citation needed] to mask the scent of a fox from pursuing hounds.  The common meaning of the term, something that can (or is intended to) divert attention from the issue in hand, is derived from this practice.  More detailed information about the deliberate use of (metaphorical) red herrings as a narrative technique or as a logical fallacy can be found in their respective articles.

 * Other meanings of "red herring" include:

Incidentally, does anyone have a citation for the actual use of smoked herrings to mislead (or alternatively, as at least one of the linked articles claims, to train) fox hounds? It's a claim I've often heard, but never seen any evidence of. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Wardog (talk • contribs) 16:22, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Red herring (idiom) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RM bot 18:30, 21 October 2010 (UTC).

title: Talk:Red herring (disambiguation)


text:
Leopold Karpeles

Leopold Karpeles (9 September 1838 – 2 February 1909) was a flagbearer in the Union Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the American Civil War.

Born in Prague, he immigrated to Texas early in life and made a living protecting convoys on the American frontier. An Abolitionist, he is known to have assisted the Underground Railroad before the outbreak of the war in 1861. Karpeles subsequently volunteered for the Union Army, carrying the battle standard for the 46th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment during an expedition to North Carolina. He then joined the veteran 57th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

During the Battle of the Wilderness, his unit suffered extensive casualties as the Union's right flank collapsed. Karpeles stood his ground, rallying a number of other men to hold their positions during the fight until sundown. Kaepeles was wounded later in the campaign, forcing his retirement from the military. He spent the rest of his life in Washington, D.C. first in business and later working for the United States Department of the Treasury living in Washington until his death.

Biography
Leopold Karpeles was born in Prague to a prominent and wealthy Jewish family, spending much of his early life around farms and ranches near the city. There, he and his brother Emile had been baptized, a requirement for attendance in Catholic school, and Emile took to the new religion, though Leopold was taught by his family to "lay low" about his religion. Karpeles moved to Galveston, Texas, in 1849 at age 11. Emile, 7 years his senior, had preceded him there and was running a successful dry goods store and Leopold intended to enroll in school and prepare to apprentice at the store. The town was predominately German in ancestry but had seen an influx of immigrants in the decade before. Studies early in his life left Karpeles fluent in English, French, German, Greek and Czech, and in Texas he also became proficient using the knife, lasso, rifle, pistol and saber as weapons. Karpeles' time in Texas initially marked mostly by school and work, which he ultimately found unsatisfactory, and so he volunteered to join supply convoys the store used to ship goods around Texas. In this work, he helped repel attacks and defend passengers, sometimes joining the Texas Rangers in the process. In this work, he found great satisfaction, especially with the outdoors and the sense of adventure. The work did distance him from his brother as he sought more independence.

Family records suggest details of Karpeles' life that other sources have not verified. Becoming more involved with the Texas Rangers and their informal style, Karpeles occasionally accompanied the Rangers to expeditions in Mexico and to conflicts involving Native Americans. Accounts from his family claim he participated in a number of skirmishes, but documentation of his activities during this time have not been found in state or national archives. In 1854, he relocated to Brownsville, Texas, where, according to family records, he was involved with two local militia groups, the Brownsville Guard and the Brownsville Tigers, protecting traders and caravans on the frontier during the late 1850s, though details and locations of any skirmishes are missing. Still, Karpeles was known to dislike both violence against women and children and slavery. During this time he is believed to have been involved in the Underground Railroad, helping escaped slaves find refuge with both Mexican and Seminole sympathizers.

After Texas voted to seceded from the Union on 23 February 1861, Karpeles and his brother split. Emile enlisted in the Confederate States Army and Leopold moved to Springfield, Massachusetts hoping for a job with one of his brother's business contacts, taking a job as a shop clerk. There, he began to make friends in the local abolitionist movement and helped the local stop in the Underground Railroad, though this was less risky than Texas.

Military service
"'I am aware that while I'm providing a rallying point and courage for my comrades, I'm also a prime target for the enemy. I vowed to accept that risk when I assumed this obligation which I consider a privilege and an honor. ... My dedication to my country's flag rests on my ardent belief in this noblest of causes, equality for all. If my future rests under this earth rather than upon it, I fear not.' — 1863 letter from Karpeles explaining his decision to volunteer as a color-bearer."

Encouraged by other abolitionists, Karpeles enlisted in a nine-month term with the 46th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment and began training on 24 September 1862, being promoted to corporal before the end of training because of his prior experience. At this time, he volunteered to be a standard bearer, a volunteer role where he would not be armed and would carry the unit's battle standard, an assignment considered both dangerous and prestigious. Assigned to Company A, he was a part of a Union expedition to Goldsborough, North Carolina and served with distinction in several engagements including the Battle of Kinston, Battle of White Hall and then the Battle of Goldsborough Bridge through December 1862. A letter about Karpeles written by regimental commander W. S. Shurtless, remarked of the "Promptness with which (Karpeles) came upon the line of battle and the firmness with which he stood his ground, though his flag was several times pierced by bullets of the enemy, were so conspicuous as to be the subject of remark and commendation." Finishing this campaign, the unit returned to Springfield and was mustered out on 29 July 1863. Of the experience, Karpeles later wrote it was "inspiring" to be a flag bearer but also found that, "A soldier's life is a balancing act of striving to exercise control over one's mind and body despite unhealthful, wretched living conditions."

Karpeles then decided to rejoin the army in late 1863, answering a call from Colonel William Francis Bartlett who had mustered 1,038 men to form the 46th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit consisting of veterans who had served at least nine months, as part of 1st Brigade, 1st Division of IX Corps. There, Karpeles was promoted to sergeant and assigned to Company E, tasked with training and is believed to have been the only Jewish member of the unit. Again he requested to carry the flag, and at Bartlett's recommendation, he was named color bearer for the regiment, with the rank of color sergeant. The unit left New England on 17 April 1864 traveled by foot and train to Washington, D.C., arriving on 25 April and encamped. During this time, the unit paraded past President Abraham Lincoln during a review, a memory Karpeles particularly cherished.

Medal of Honor action
In May 1864, the unit marched to join Ulysses S. Grant's Army of the Potomac in the middle of the Overland Campaign, arriving near Spotsylvania County, Virginia on 6 May, joining it after an overnight march hastened as a result of the unfolding Battle of the Wilderness. Advancing through difficult terrain and low visibility owing to musket smoke, Karpeles was assigned to Company H in the regiment's leading element. Once it made contact with the Confederate Army, the 57th was heavily engaged in brutal fighting; nearly half of the 548 men who entered the battle became casualties. The unit ended up taking heavier casualties than any other regiment at the battle, and had one of the highest casualty rates of the war, including Bartlett, who was wounded in the head by a bullet.

The right wing of the Union line crumbled under Confederate guns, causing a "general stampede" as other regiments began a disorderly retreat through the 57th, causing some of the unit to begin to lose its cohesion. Karpeles attempted to rally standing on a tree stump and entreating men who were retreating to re-form and make a stand, an action that could be seen as far back as the brigade command, as remembered by Brigadier General James S. Wadsworth. The action motivated about 34 men of the 57th to rally around Karpeles, followed by men of other retreating regiments from Pennsylvania and New York. He later recounted the action for Captain John Anderson, a company commander who wrote a book of the campaign. "We succeeded in forming these men into a fighting line and ordered them to advance on the approaching rebels, and by a rapid discharge of firearms managed to check the enemy." In the confusion of the battle, Confederate forces advanced past the rallied line, and passed it again in a retreat. A band of about 20 held this line through sunset, where it crawled back to Union lines during a lull in the battle.

Anderson and Bartlett filed reports on the action with the Adjutant General's office on 18 April 1870, with the award granted 11 days later. Karpeles was the first Jew to be awarded the Medal of Honor. In total, six Jews would be granted the medal for an actions during the American Civil War.

Later service
In the following days, the 57th advanced to the next engagement at Spotsylvania Court House where it was engaged from 9 to 12 May, relying on an inspired charge with fixed bayonets intended to intimidate Confederate troops. But the progress after the first few days was slow, and after several days the regiment continued its march in pursuit of Lee's army.

Its next major engagement came in the Battle of North Anna on 24 May as part of the brigade of Brigadier General James H. Ledlie. Amid an ill-conceived attack ordered by an intoxicated Ledlie against strong Confederate positions, the 57th advanced across open ground and was nearly annihilated in the process. Karpeles was wounded in the leg and fell, but got up to continue the fight until his commander pulled the flag from him, and blood loss made it impossible to continue to advance. Other soldiers helped Karpeles back to the lines as the regiment was decimated. After the charge deteriorated, only 199 men in the regiment remained ready to fight. Karpeles was unconscious for several days and remained in the care of doctors and not allowed to return to combat until October.

He rejoined the unit during the siege of Petersburg and returned to duty during the Battle of Poplar Springs Church and later the Battle of Vaughan Road. But the wound reopened and became aggravated once he attempted to return to the lines, and he collapsed on 20 December 1864 during a raid, ending his military service. He is known as one of the longest-serving color bearers of the war who did not receive a crippling wound or injury.

Later life
Karpeles was evacuated to Mount Pleasant General Hospital in Washington, D.C. where his leg was treated. Initially thought to require an amputation, it was saved as part of the efforts of a 16-year-old volunteer, Sara Mundheim, who convinced doctors to allow her family to care for Karpeles in their home. His recovery would continue through the end of the war, and after that time, he and Mundheim married. The couple had a daughter, Theresa, born in December 1870.

The family set up a hat shop catering to the wealthy in Washington, D.C., and Karpeles took to overseeing sales and bookkeeping while his wife handled manufacturing. The family subsequently lived in a modest estate in a predominately Jewish area of the city. Sara died giving birth to a third child in 1872 and on her deathbed insisted Karpeles marry her sister, Henrietta. The second and third child from his original marriage died young, but his second marriage bore three sons and three daughters.

Karpeles later became ingrained in Washington society, valued as a speaker at political events and among veterans groups. In 1875 he was hired as a clerk in the United States Department of the Treasury in a job that paid $900 (~$ in ) a year, but was known to spend much of it both on parties for people he cared about and for loans to friends in need. He was known among lawmakers and diplomats alike, and was known to have been familiar to Presidents Chester A. Arthur, Grant and William McKinley. He used these connections to advocate for labor causes, notably including a shortened working day and also became involved in the veterans organization, the Grand Army of the Republic, where he advocated for Memorial Day. He later also was a founding member and vice president of the Medal of Honor Legion, which helped to clarify the meaning of the award from a politically based one to an honored award bestowed specifically for valor in combat. With the 1898 outbreak of the Spanish–American War, Karpeles expressed a desire to return to the military, but age and a limp developed as a result of his wartime injury made this impossible.

Karpeles died in 1909 and was buried in the cemetery of the Washington Hebrew Congregation, with a gravestone that includes the Medal of Honor emblem. His medal was later lost in a fire.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company E, 57th Massachusetts Infantry. Place and date: At Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Entered service at: Springfield, Mass. Birth: Hungary. Date of issue: April 30, 1870.

Citation:

While color bearer, rallied the retreating troops and induced them to check the enemy's advance.

title: Leopold Karpeles


text: User talk:70.19.166.239

title: User talk:70.19.166.239


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jibe

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 16:31, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Jibe
Dicdef, not relevant, not many possibilities of expansion. --Sn0wflake 01:15, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, dictionary definition. Megan1967 01:19, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dicdef - Jpo 02:46, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Just a dicdef. Zzyzx11 06:13, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * del. present in wiktionary as well. Avriette 12:34, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Or make a redirect to insult. There's more to be said on the subject than the definition. -- Demi 12:22, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)
 * 'vfd' tag was missing from it's page, added now.
 * Delete, redirect to 'insult' would be appropriate - BUT note that the page originally was a redirect to 'gybe' and someone changed it to this disambig. Radiant! 10:45, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Good point. Jibe also means to mesh or fit (that jibes with my impression). Actually, isn't Jibe the more common spelling for Gybe these days? Maybe Jibe should become Gybe and Gybe a redirect? Demi 07:20, 2005 Mar 2 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jibe


text:
Talk:Valle San Giovanni

 * Votes for deletion/Valle San Giovanni

title: Talk:Valle San Giovanni


text:
User:Riffsyphon1024/Kardashev Timeline

This is a page for the diagrams of the article Kardashev scale, as the science and prediction is utterly fascinating to me.

title: User:Riffsyphon1024/Kardashev Timeline


text: Template:NYC-stub

title: Template:NYC-stub


text:
Talk:Pimp C

Untitled
This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/Pimp C. The consensus was to keep it. dbenbenn | talk 01:26, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Censored lyrics
Why are the disses censored? Its quotations, and the censoring just makes it more difficult to read. A user had reverted the censoring but a bot censored it again. I suggest removing the censorship. --Redslap 17:20, 9 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd suggest removing the disses. They don't belong in an encyclopaedia. Rappers dissing other rappers is no less frequent than rappers going to the bathroom. --MartinUK (talk) 22:39, 9 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Nah. --Josh1billion (talk) 06:17, 16 December 2007 (UTC)

RIP Pimp C
Should't we wait for more confirmation than some random web site? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.155.117.87 (talk) 19:53, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

We should, and we shouldn't lift text directly from TMZ.com, either. THE evil fluffyface 19:59, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

And we should wait until a legitimate news source and not a blog (what the comment about a "random web site" meant) reports on Pimp C's death to source it. THE evil fluffyface 20:33, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

While TMZ is not necessarily the best source, Pimp C has died, and a source no less credible than Bun B, the other half of UGK, has confirmed it as well on his myspace page. I'm sure some more credible sources will pick up the story eventually, though UGK was never a really mainstream act outside of a few songs here or there. OptimumTaurus (talk) 22:02, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

R.I.P

Death
Foul play was not evident, as well as a drug related death was not evident. He looked to have died by natural causes. HE WAS NOT SHOT! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.236.101.208 (talk) 01:07, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

I think that its worth noting that another Texas rapper, Big Moe recently died from a lean overdose. And mention that DJ Screw is from Texas as well. I think it would be relevant to show that multiple influential Texas rap figures have died from too much syrup. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.116.128.48 (talk) 05:48, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

So what happened?
I read earlier that the cause of death was "natural causes", but people dont naturally die at 33! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 211.131.99.38 (talk) 14:39, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

natural causes of heavy drug use possibly? (heavy as in drugs other than marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol) if you have ever listened to these down south guys they always talk about stuff like cough syrup and promethezine and what have you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dogma5 (talk • contribs) 20:52, 17 December 2007 (UTC)

Wheather a natrual cause or a drug over dose is not an topic of arguement. He is dead, let behind a family and chilren. We know that he was not murdered, he died in a room by himself. Let it go!!!! Wondering and making assumshun will not bring him back!!!!!!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 164.92.32.221 (talk) 23:41, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

 * damn, it's hard to read what you wrote, the spelling is atrocious!194.221.133.226 (talk) 12:22, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

wiki link cause of death
can someone change sleep apnea to a wiki link - page is locked and i can't do it atm. (i am a user but don't login at work due to shared ip and vandalism on said ip) 194.221.133.226 (talk) 12:20, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

Pimp C did not overdose all coroner reports say they found traces of drugs. This does not mean overe dose. Either way with sleep apnea it was setting him up for failure. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.157.171.97 (talk) 18:31, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

The Rap City paragraph
Does Pimp C's 2006 Rap City appearance warrant inclusion in the article, and if it does, could it be shortened and sourced? 1337wesm (talk) 15:12, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

TATTOO INFORMATION
INFORMATION ABOUT HIS TATTOOS AND WHAT THEY MEAN —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.186.100.173 (talk) 16:03, 28 October 2008 (UTC)

where's all the information?
WHERE IS THE INFORMATION ABOUT HIS CAREER FROM 1987-THIS MILLENIUM? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.96.70.24 (talk) 21:03, 4 February 2009 (UTC)

This article says nothing about his life, and next to nothing about his career. It says nothing about UGK and only covers what happened after he was released from prison. Hell, it doesn't even cover why he was in prison to begin with76.105.7.183 (talk) 02:13, 13 January 2009 (UTC) HE GO REALLY REALLY HARD BABE!!!!!!!!!!!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.5.23.226 (talk) 17:59, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

What kind of producer?
There are pages for record producer and hip-hop producer. I don't know which one fits. --ospalh (talk) 08:39, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

Cleaned up the article a bit, added references, etc.
i did a few edits just rewording stuff and correcting grammar and linking things and this is a runon sentence i will try to rewrite the article later with more of his earlier life and accomplishments with proper refs rip pimp c we miss you Ytcracker (talk) 02:18, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pimp C


text:
Italdesign Giugiaro

Italdesign Giugiaro S.p.A. is a design and engineering company and brand based in Moncalieri, Italy, that traces its roots to the 1968 foundation of Studi Italiani Realizzazione Prototipi S.p.A. by Giorgetto Giugiaro and Aldo Mantovani. Best known for its automobile design work, Italdesign also offers product design, project management, styling, packaging, engineering, modeling, prototyping and testing services to manufacturers worldwide. As of 2019, Italdesign employs 917 people.

On August 9, 2010, Volkswagen Group subsidiary Audi's subsidiary Lamborghini acquired 90.1% of the shares of Italdesign Giugiaro S.p.A., including the brand name rights and patents. The remaining shares were sold to Audi on 28 June 2015, with Giorgetto Giugiaro resigning from the firm at the same time.

Foundation
Giorgetto Giugiaro and Aldo Mantovani founded Studi Italiani Realizzazione Prototipi S.p.A., the company that would eventually become Italdesign, on February 13, 1968, in Moncalieri, Italy.

Volkswagen
Volkswagen and Italdesign have a history of working together that dates back to the early 1970s.

Former Volkswagen AG Chairman Ferdinand Piëch apprenticed at Italdesign during the summer of 1972, learning about engineering and design. Italdesign is responsible for the design of several notable Volkswagen vehicles including the first generation Volkswagen Golf (1974), Volkswagen Scirocco (1974) and Volkswagen Passat (1973) and the Audi 80 (1974).

In May 2010, Italdesign agreed to transfer 90.1% of its shares to Audi AG subsidiary Lamborghini Holding S.p.A. in order to keep Volkswagen's Italian holdings bundled together. The purchase price was not disclosed. The Giugiaro family retained ownership of the remaining shares. Both Giorgetto Giugiaro and his son, Fabrizio Giugiaro, continued to have active roles in the company. In July 2015 it was announced that Giorgetto Giugiaro had left and sold the remaining shares to Audi AG.

Subsidiaries
Following a large-scale cooperation with SEAT - already dating back to the 1980s - Italdesign created a new firm, Diseño Industrial Italdesign Srl, in SEAT's hometown Barcelona, Spain, in 1992 to design and construct models, master models and prototypes for the Spanish manufacturing industry. This subsidiary is known today as Italdesign Giugiaro Barcelona SL. In 2017 the company founded a daughter company dedicated to building collector vehicles. Named ITALDESIGN AUTOMOBILI SPECIALI, the new brand will feature on all vehicles constructed in ultra low series production, aimed at a number of selected collectors. The first car to be produced is the Zerouno with a production of only five units.

Automobili Speciali Cars
Cars produced or planned by the new group.

Acquisitions
Italdesign acquired SALLIG, a company founded in 1960 that designs and builds acrylic, cast iron and zamak matrices for automotive, aeronautical and household appliance prototypes.

Italdesign acquired ETM (Engineering Technologies Methods), a company founded in 1984 that creates silicone prototypes, allowing the transition from an acrylic prototype to a more refined prototype with characteristics similar to the finished product.

Organization
Italdesign-Giugiaro S.p.A. is headquartered 10 km south of Turin, Italy, in Moncalieri. Best known for its automobile design work, Italdesign also offers project management, styling, packaging, engineering, modeling, prototyping and testing services.

Italdesign has 993 employees and generated over €193 million revenue in 2015.

Under Volkswagen Group ownership, Rupert Stadler is the Chairman of the Board and Jörg Astalosch is CEO.

Automotive design work
Italdesign has been credited for the design of a wide variety of concept and production cars since the firm's founding in 1968.

Notable designers

 * Giorgetto Giugiaro (1968–2015)
 * Fabrizio Giugiaro
 * Carlo Gaino (1980–1987)
 * Filippo Perini

title: Italdesign Giugiaro


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Fuck you and die

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 12:41, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Fuck you and die
A subforum of a forum? Not nearly notable enough for Wikipedia. -- Etaonish 01:28, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC) *delete -- as someone who regularly posts there, it's not even a very good description of the forum -- 24.118.254.142
 * Delete, not notable, forum promo. Megan1967 02:21, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete the vast majority of forums aren't notable enough, and I don't think any subforums at all are. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 02:27, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Something Awful. -- Riffsyphon1024 02:31, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Goplat 03:02, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Something Awful. A subforum should not have its own separate article. Zzyzx11 06:07, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Something Awful. phate
 * Merge as above. Radiant! 14:01, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or merge with Something Awful Forums. -PlasmaDragon 23:05, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge. As above. Carrp | Talk 23:07, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect -- to Something Awful Forums as FYAD already is... Longhair 13:45, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and after that maybe redirect to Something Awful Forums. We have enough of this cruft already. jni 14:10, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Does not belong, period. Aequo 01:36, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- This information would be better suited to be on their website/public forum, not Wiki. Tygar 03:40, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Do not merge. Do not redirect. Do not in any way justify any further articles on an internet forum that is not all that significant, anyway. Practically every message board (catering to a certain audience) has a forum like this. It's not notable in any way. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 22:17, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Generic opinion. silsor 04:22, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * ANNIHILATE . —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 04:28, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)
 * Comment Not sure why I thought this was so funny but I did ;). --ShaunMacPherson 06:01, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, FFS for the love of God. - Mailer Diablo 04:51, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Not only not notable, it almost sounds like original research. Simon 05:41, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete--User:Boothy443 | comhrÚ 05:42, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Pre-adolescent nonsense. --Wetman 06:09, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Utterly pointless, useless waste of energy. – ClockworkSoul 06:31, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. SA cruft at its worst. Rhobite 07:02, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Too large, and largely unverifiable, since its access is restricted to paying members. --Slowking Man 07:12, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, so what? I don't have the means to verify most facts on Wikipedia, but that's not a good reason to delete most articles. Twinxor 11:17, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Carnildo 07:17, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unencyclopedic topic, SA cruft. --Andylkl 08:03, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. unencyclopaedic SA cruft. Thryduulf 11:33, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Hilarious -- what I've read of it, at least. Alas, it should be deleted or merged.  It occurred to me that, as a diversion, perhaps there could be a separate feature/article on Wiki in the six degrees of separation mode, where members could randomly post Wiki links for two seemingly utterly unrelated articles and invite other members to establish a connection between the two within a set number of Wiki links, utilizing info contained in the articles (or not) -- a good way to impel some of us who may find ourselves stuck in content ruts around the site; an interesting/different way to be stimulated intellectually to see new connections; have a little fun; learn a lot; maybe occasion the beefing up of old articles; and, perhaps, spark interest in creating completely new articles on related subject matter.  Yeah, yeah.  I know this isn't the subject at hand, but I didn't know where else to offer this up.  I didn't know about Something Awful Forums before now.  Does something like this already exist? (Please direct comments to my  (Talk)  page. Tx.)  deeceevoice 12:13, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)  Six degrees?  Never mind. Uder Thryduulf just pulled my coat. :-)  Will check it out when I have time.  Peace. deeceevoice 13:53, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete.Mikkalai 18:25, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, The forum itself is notable, but a subforum off of this is not. Inter\Echo 16:53, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for all the obvious reasons. Miss Pippa 18:30, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No reason to merge.  Postdlf 23:39, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's notable because it was the first of it's kind. Now most forums immitate it. It should be noted that Etonish has a notable vendetta against the SA forums, where his VfD failed. Trampled 23:41, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * "First of it's kind"? Forums have had secret subforums since the BBS days.  "Now most forums imitate it"?  I think it's the other way around. --Carnildo 23:47, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The fact that it is secret is irrelevant. It is the style of humour and satire that was started there that's been immitated. Trampled 01:26, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe Jonathan Swift predates "FYAD" by one or two days. Rhobite 01:38, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Please point out where I said that FYAD created satire... Trampled 01:46, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I laugh at your claim of me harboring some sort of vendetta against SA. This isn't exactly a close vote: there's hardly any controversy here.  Everyone except you agrees on removing/merging the article.-- Etaonish  09:13, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * His VfD didn't fail, in that he got what he wanted. Twinxor 11:22, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Fire Star 06:03, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Heaven forbid Wikipedia contain an in-depth article on a topic that some people are not interested in. Keep. Twinxor 11:19, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia is not paper, but Wikipedia is not toilet paper either. We have standards and an article like this is simply too specific and inherently POV for the site.-- Etaonish  15:31, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Inherently POV? The article is about a real website. Certainly, there are some facts about it which are objectively true. Twinxor 19:05, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Really? List them.  I can think of two: The forum name is FYAD, it is a popular subforum of Something Awful.  Anything beyond that is POV and/or useless information.-- Etaonish  23:10, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * The unique features of FYAD, the style of posting and humor, and the forum history can all be elaborated upon. Obviously there is room for POV in there, but there exist facts everyone can agree on. Twinxor 06:56, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I refuse to even continue this debate. This page is a clear target for the trash can.  You have to assume good faith here, Twinxor: we have no vendetta against SAF.  When so many Wikipedians agree, perhaps you should pay attention to their opinion.-- Etaonish  07:09, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * None of these statements address my point. Please consider the following articles: Begging the question, Straw man, and Bandwagon fallacy. Twinxor 08:11, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I refer you to the much more relevant Wikipedia policy article Assume_good_faith. In addition, I fail to see how I beg the question or strawman your arguments.  I've made my view perfectly clear: An article about a subforum of a forum is too small and too inherently POV to belong in Wikipedia.-- Etaonish  16:58, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * So what does FYAD have that a million other web forums don't? --Carnildo 07:07, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge a tiny fraction of this content (say, a paragraph) with Something Awful Forums and Redirect. —Stormie 11:06, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Prataprao Gujar

Untitled
This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/Prataprao Gujar. The consensus was to keep it. dbenbenn | talk 01:28, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Grammar
The starting of the article is terrible grammatically. Brahmaveer Rigvedi (talk) 07:41, 17 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prataprao Gujar


text:
Talk:Care-a-lot

= deletion = Yeah. Avriette 01:29, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Care-a-lot


text:
User talk:Hobgoblin

Hoecakes
...are a real food! According to the OED, it's a U.S.-origin food. I'm not saying it needs to go back, or that it wasn't actually at typo, but hoecakes are a real food! jengod 01:29, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)

U.S. Coarse bread, made of Indian meal, water, and salt, and usually in the form of a thin cake. 1745 W. LOGAN Jrnl. 12 Oct. in Pennsylvania Mag. Hist. (1912) XXXVI. 12 Breakfasted on Tea & Hoe Cake Bread, which we have done in common. 1745 Ibid. 21 Oct. 162 Got Breakfast on Tea & Hoe Cake. 1774 P. V. FITHIAN Jrnl. 15 Jan. (1900) 93 Sup'd on chocolate, & hoe-Cake, so Called because baked on a Hoe before the fire. 1780 W. FLEMING in N. D. Mereness Trav. Amer. Col. (1916) 641, I had lived for a constancy on poor dried buffalo bull beef cured in the smook..without any addition but a piece of Indian hoe-cake. 1793 J. BARLOW Hasty Pudding i, Some talk of Hoe-cakes, fair Virginia's pride. 1809 W. IRVING Knickerb. (1861) 138 Great roisters, much given to revel on hoe-cake and bacon. 1885 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 4 Sept. 2/4 Perhaps Americans will..make international the power and elegance of hoe-cake and baked beans.

Welcome!
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Image Tagging for Image:Beer_chang.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Beer_chang.jpg. The image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to indicate why we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the image qualifies under Wikipedia's fair use guidelines, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. If you want the image to be deleted, tag it as db-unksource.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you have any concerns, contact the bot's owner: Carnildo.

Image Tagging for Image:Pattaya_Bay.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Pattaya_Bay.jpg. The image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to indicate why we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the image qualifies under Wikipedia's fair use guidelines, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. If you want the image to be deleted, tag it as db-unksource.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you have any concerns, contact the bot's owner: Carnildo. 12:06, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hobgoblin