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User:DanCBJMS

Hello. My name is Daniel. I am 19 years old and from the Northeastern section of the United States, more specifically Pawtucket, RI. I am a big car fanatic, especially with Subarus, Mercedes-Benzes, Land Rovers, Volvos, and Fords. I am also a huge Arsenal fan and an Eagle Scout.

I am very interested in broadcasting. This is because I'm an SWL, both via the Internet and using conventional shortwave radio. One of my favorite non-American radio stations is Radio 3, which is run by the BBC. This caters to my interest in classical music very well. (I also like Celtic music, the music of Willie Nelson, Céline Dion, and Sarah MacLachlan; lately I've been introduced to rock music and klezmer music. In addition, I also like Greek music, especially rempetika.) I often rely on BBC (both the TV news on PBS and the World Service) for news, though lately I've been listening with great frequency to Kol Israel, Radio Australia, and Radio Canada International.

Occasionally you'll see edits made by a user called 64.223.50.33 or 70.20.13.102. This is me at my home computer (my Verizon IP number) when I'm not logged in. I don't what my school would use, but I know when I tried to edit a page on Antigua and Barbuda, I was blocked. Apparently people made senseless postings on the Sumerians and Will Rogers! Not me! I would most likely be editing a post on the Daewoo Tosca than I would regarding Will Rogers!

I will be working with Wikipedia's main project regarding articles relating to the former Soviet Union, mostly in terms of the broadcasting aspect. In addition, I'm also on a media crusade, trying to fix up or creat (if necessary) any article relating to broadcasting.

I'm also right now a sophmore at university. It's been a great time so far, and I hope it can continue!

Now, let's see, what's the time? Is it really ? I'd better get going!

fr:Utilisateur:DanCBJMS1988

title: User:DanCBJMS


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Bob McAdoo

Robert Allen McAdoo Jr. (born September 25, 1951) is an American former professional basketball player and coach. He played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), where he was a five-time NBA All-Star and named the NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) in 1975. He won two NBA championships with the Los Angeles Lakers during their Showtime era in the 1980s. In 2000, McAdoo was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame. He was named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team in 2021.

McAdoo played center for the majority of his career. In his 21-season playing career, he spent 14 seasons in the NBA and his final seven in the Lega Basket Serie A in Italy. McAdoo is one of the few players who have won both NBA and the FIBA European Champions Cup (EuroLeague) titles as a player. He later won three more NBA titles in 2006, 2012 and 2013 as an assistant coach with the Miami Heat.

Early life
McAdoo was raised in Greensboro, North Carolina. His mother, Vandalia, taught at his grade school, and his father, Robert, was a custodian at North Carolina A&T University. McAdoo attended Ben L. Smith High School, where he not only participated in basketball and track but was also in the marching band as a saxophone player.

As a senior, he led Smith to the state basketball semifinals as well as to the state track tournament, where he set a new state high-jump record of 6 feet and 7 inches, beating out future North Carolina teammate Bobby Jones.

College career
Out of high school, McAdoo initially lacked the academic test scores required by the Division I schools, so he chose to enroll at Vincennes University, then a junior college, in Vincennes, Indiana from 1969 through 1971. Vincennes University won the NJCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship in 1970, with McAdoo scoring 27 points in the championship game. His roommate was teammate Foots Walker. McAdoo was named a Junior College All-American as a sophomore in 1971.

At Vincennes, McAdoo averaged 19.3 points and 10 rebounds in 1969–70 and 25.0 points and 11.0 rebounds in 1970–71.

McAdoo played for Team USA at the 1971 Pan American Games, in the summer 1971, averaging 11.0 points per game.

"We didn't really recruit him," Coach Dean Smith of North Carolina said. "His mother called us to start it. She said all the other schools were recruiting him. Why weren't we?"

McAdoo enrolled at the University of North Carolina in 1971, the only junior college player Dean Smith recruited in his career. McAdoo, playing alongside Bobby Jones, led Smith's 1971–72 Tar Heels to a 26–5 record and the Final Four of the 1972 NCAA University Division basketball tournament. McAdoo averaged 19.5 points and 10.1 rebounds. He was named first-team All-American. He also earned MVP honors at the ACC tournament.

Citing family hardship, McAdoo sought and won early eligibility for the 1972 NBA draft under the "hardship" clause that existed until 1977. McAdoo consulted with Coach Dean Smith, who encouraged him to go to the NBA.

McAdoo said, "When I left, a lot of people were very angry and upset. But Dean gave me his blessing. He told me, 'If they're going to offer you this kind of money, I think you should leave to help you and your family.' I had his blessing. My mother was totally against it," McAdoo added, "but my father and Dean Smith were the guys who got me to move."

1972 ABA and NBA drafts
McAdoo sought and won early eligibility in the 1972 NBA draft.

However, it was rumored that McAdoo had signed with the Virginia Squires of the rival American Basketball Association after a "secret" ABA draft in which names of those drafted were not made public. Even though no contract was produced and McAdoo denied it, NBA Commissioner Walter Kennedy reportedly advised NBA teams not to draft McAdoo. Other reports were that a contract was signed and voided, because McAdoo was too young to have signed it and that Buffalo somehow knew this. Later, McAdoo was indeed noted as the No. 1 pick of the 1972 American Basketball Association Draft.

Buffalo Braves (1972–1976)
Buffalo acted anyway, and McAdoo was selected with the No. 2 overall pick by the Buffalo Braves (now the Los Angeles Clippers), after rumors that contract talks between the Portland Trail Blazers and McAdoo did not come to fruition with the first pick. LaRue Martin was selected by Portland. McAdoo signed with the Braves and quickly became one of the NBA's premier players. He won the 1973 NBA Rookie of the Year Award and was named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team. He earned the first of three consecutive NBA scoring titles in only his second season.

McAdoo was frustrated with Buffalo's losing in his rookie season, saying, "Here I was sitting at Buffalo, we were on the way to losing 61 games and we didn't have any players. My wife could have outrun those people."

His second season (1973–74) remains the last time an NBA player has averaged both 30.0 points and 15.0 rebounds per game. McAdoo also led the NBA in field goal percentage in 1973–74, shooting 54.7 percent. That year he enjoyed his first of five All-Star selections, and led Buffalo to its first playoffs appearance, though they would lose in the first round to Dave Cowens and the eventual-champion Boston Celtics.

In 1974–75, he was awarded the NBA Most Valuable Player Award, averaging 34.5 points, 14.1 rebounds and 2.12 blocks per game, while shooting 51.2 percent from the field and 80.5 percent from the free throw line. He also led the league in fan voting for the 1975 All-Star Game with 98,325 votes. McAdoo is the youngest player to have had a 50-point/20-rebound game. That season, with McAdoo aided by strong play from Jim McMillian and Randy Smith, the Braves would finish with an improved 49–33 record, though again they would lose in their first postseason matchup, this time a seven-game series loss to Elvin Hayes, Wes Unseld, and the Washington Bullets

During the 1976 NBA Playoffs, McAdoo and the Braves would finally advance out of the first round, beating the Philadelphia 76ers as McAdoo averaged 30.3 points, 18.7 rebounds, and 4.3 assists in 47.3 minutes per game. However, in the following round the Braves would again be eliminated by the Celtics, who would once again go on to win the finals.

The following season, on December 7, 1976, McAdoo grabbed a career-high 29 rebounds, while adding 42 points, in a 107–103 loss to the Indiana Pacers. Two days later, McAdoo was traded by the Buffalo Braves with Tom McMillen to the New York Knicks for John Gianelli and cash.

McAdoo's style was very modern for his time. Although a "big man" at 6 ft, he had no problems taking shots from the perimeter, which, in his prime, made him a nearly unstoppable force on offense. In 334 games with Buffalo, McAdoo averaged 28.2 points, 12.7 rebounds, 2.6 assists, 2.4 blocks and 1.1 steals.

New York Knicks (1976–1979)
In 52 games with the Knicks in 1976–77, McAdoo averaged 26.7 points, 12.7 rebounds, 2.7 assists, 1.3 blocks and 1.2 steals under Hall of Fame Coach Red Holzman, as the Knicks finished 40–42, missing the playoffs. Joining the Knicks, McAdoo played alongside future Hall of Fame teammates Walt Frazier, Earl Monroe, Spencer Haywood, Bill Bradley and Phil Jackson.

In 1977–78, the Knicks, finished 43–39 under new Coach Willis Reed, as McAdoo averaged 26.5 points, 12.8 rebounds, 3.8 assists, 1.6 blocks and 1.3 steals in 79 games. The Knicks defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers 2–0 in the Eastern Conference Playoffs, before losing to the Philadelphia 76ers with Julius Erving 4–0 in the Eastern Conference semi-finals. McAdoo averaged 34.0 points, 9.0 rebounds and 2.0 assists in the Cavaliers series and 18.8 points, 10.0 rebounds, 4.8 assists 2.3 blocks and 1.5 steals in the 76ers series.

In 1978–79, the Knicks fired Willis Reed and rehired Red Holtzman mid-season. On January 23, 1979, McAdoo scored his most points scored as a Knick, with 45 in a 148–124 loss against the Los Angeles Lakers. After 40 games with the Knicks, McAdoo was averaging 26.9 points, 9.5 rebounds and 3.2 assists when he was traded. On February 12, 1979, McAdoo was traded by the Knicks to the Boston Celtics for Tom Barker and three first-round picks in the 1979 NBA draft. In the draft, the Knicks selected Bill Cartwright with the third pick, Larry Demic with the ninth, and Sly Williams with the 21st.

In 171 games with the Knicks, McAdoo averaged 26.7 points, 12.0 rebounds, 3.3 assists, 1.4 blocks and 1.3 steals.

Boston Celtics (1979)
In his tenure with Boston under player/Coach Dave Cowens, Boston finished 29–53. McAdoo averaged 20.6 points, 7.1 rebounds, playing fewer minutes in a frontcourt with Cowens, Cedric Maxwell, Marvin Barnes and Rick Robey.

After the season Boston fired Cowens as coach, replaced him with Bill Fitch, and Larry Bird arrived from Indiana State.

On September 6, 1979, McAdoo was traded by the Celtics to the Detroit Pistons for a number one 1980 draft pick (Joe Barry Carroll was later selected) and a number 13 (1st round) 1980 draft pick (Rickey Brown was later selected). This exchange was arranged as compensation for Boston signing veteran free agent M.L. Carr on July 24, 1979. The number one pick Boston received was later traded to the Golden State Warriors who used it to select Carroll. In return, Boston received the #3 overall pick (used to select Kevin McHale) and center Robert Parish.

Detroit Pistons (1979–1981)
In 1979–80, McAdoo joined a Pistons team that finished 16–66 under coaches Dick Vitale (4–8), who had encouraged the trade for McAdoo, and Vitale's replacement Richie Adubato (12–58). Playing alongside Hall of Famer Bob Lanier, McAdoo averaged 21.1 points and 8.1 rebounds in 58 games.

On February 19, 1981, McAdoo, who had been injured, claimed he was healthy and asked to be reinstated into the Pistons starting lineup. Coach Scotty Robertson denied his request, saying McAdoo had not practiced and was not in proper physical shape. McAdoo asked to be allowed to go home and was allowed to leave. The next day Pistons general manager Jack McCloskey notified McAdoo to not return for the rest of the season. On March 11, 1981, McAdoo was waived by the Pistons after playing in only six games with the team in 1980–81, as Detroit finished 21–61. He would be the last Piston to wear #11 before the arrival of Isiah Thomas.

New Jersey Nets (1981)
On March 13, 1981, McAdoo signed as a free agent with the New Jersey Nets. He played ten games with the Nets, averaging 15 minutes per contest as the Nets finished 24–58.

Los Angeles Lakers (1981–1985)
On December 24, 1981, McAdoo was traded by the New Jersey Nets to the Los Angeles Lakers for a 1983 2nd round draft pick (Kevin Williams was later selected). McAdoo had not played for the Nets in the 1981–82 season and Mitch Kupchak had become injured for the Lakers.

"As the 1981–82 season began, I was in the middle of a contract dispute with the New Jersey Nets. However, I couldn't even play since I was still recovering from off-season surgery to have bone spurs removed from my foot. There were times, standing around on crutches for months, when I thought my career was over." McAdoo reflected, "But I got a call from the Lakers on Christmas Eve. They had just lost a key player, Mitch Kupchak, who blew out his knee. In the short term, they were hoping I could fill his void coming off the bench. In the long term, I think they were hoping I could help the team get headed in the right direction."

McAdoo had a memorable end to his NBA career, winning two NBA titles with the Los Angeles Lakers in 1982 and 1985 as a key reserve on the Showtime-era teams with Hall of Famers Magic Johnson, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and James Worthy. The former MVP was silently frustrated with not starting behind players such as Jim Brewer, Mark Landsberger, and Kurt Rambis, but sacrificed to be part of championship teams.

"That championship is the one thing I don't have I'll do whatever I need to get it." McAdoo said in playing with the Lakers in 1982.

In 1981–82, the Lakers won the 1982 NBA Championship, as Pat Riley had taken over coaching from Paul Westhead. Riley and McAdoo thus began a professional relationship that continued for decades. In 41 games with the Lakers, McAdoo averaged 9.6 points and 3.9 rebounds in 18.2 minutes in the regular season. In the 1982 NBA Finals, McAdoo averaged 16.3 points in 27 minutes as the Lakers defeated the Philadelphia 76ers 4–2. In the entire playoffs, McAdoo averaged 16.7 points and 6.8 rebounds.

McAdoo re-signed with the Lakers for the 1982–83 season, declining a more lucrative offer from the Philadelphia 76ers in order to remain with the Lakers.

Averaging 15.0 points in 1982-1983 and 13.1 points in 1983–84 for the Lakers in the next two seasons, the team finished 58–24 and 54–28. McAdoo played with a severely injured hamstring in the 1983 playoffs. "If we could have had Mac (McAdoo) healthy, we might have had a shot," coach Riley said after the 1983 loss to the Philadelphia 76ers in the NBA Finals.

McAdoo averaged 12.5 points and 5.5 rebounds as the Lakers lost 4–3 to the Boston Celtics in the 1984 NBA Finals.

McAdoo helped the Lakers to another NBA Championship in 1984–85, defeating Boston 4–2 in the NBA Finals. McAdoo was the 6th man, averaging 8.2 points and 3.0 rebounds in the 1985 NBA Finals and 11.4 points in the entire playoffs. After the season, the Lakers did not re-sign McAdoo, instead offering a contract to veteran Maurice Lucas for the 6th man role.

"It was a great opportunity for me to play with Kareem and Magic," McAdoo said of his tenure with the Lakers. "For the first time in my career, I had a chance to win a championship. But I had no thoughts at all in my mind about coming off the bench. It just happened. To me it was a wrap I would start. They didn't have anyone who could stick with me at that position, but I dealt with it because I had never been on a championship team. And I've never been one to cause disruption or anything like that."

Philadelphia 76ers (1986)
On January 31, 1986, McAdoo signed as a free agent with the Philadelphia 76ers.

He finished his NBA career with 29 games for the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1985–86 season, averaging 10.1 points alongside Julius Erving, Moses Malone and Charles Barkley. McAdoo averaged 10.8 points in the 76ers two playoff series. In the final game of his NBA career, McAdoo scored 7 points and grabbed 4 rebounds in 12 minutes of playing time, during a 113-112 Game 7 semifinals loss to the Milwaukee Bucks.

NBA career totals
In his NBA career, McAdoo scored 18,787 career points. He averaged 22.1 points, 9.4 rebounds, 2.3 assists, 1.5 blocks and 1.0 steals in 852 games. He played for the Buffalo Braves (1972–1976), New York Knicks (1976–1979), Boston Celtics (1979), Detroit Pistons (1979–1981), New Jersey Nets (1980–1981), Los Angeles Lakers (1981–1985) and Philadelphia 76ers (1986).

Italian League (1987–1992)
After his NBA career ended, McAdoo played in Italy, first playing with Olimpia Milano, as one of the best American players ever seen in Europe, and the FIBA European Champions Cup (now known as the EuroLeague). McAdoo played with Olimpia Milano from the 1986–87 season, to the 1989–90 season. He led the club to two straight FIBA European Champions Cup (EuroLeague) titles, in the 1986–87 and 1987–88 seasons, being named the EuroLeague Final Four MVP in 1988. With the same club, he also won the FIBA Intercontinental Cup (1987), two Italian League championships (1987, 1989), and the Italian Cup (1987).

Later, he played with the Italian clubs Filanto Forlì (1990–92) and Teamsystem Fabriano (1992), before retiring from playing professional basketball, in 1992, at age 41. In his last season, he retired after playing in just 2 games. In seven seasons in the Italian League, McAdoo played in 201 games, and averaged 27.0 points and 8.9 rebounds per game. In three seasons in the EuroLeague, all as a member of Olimpia Milano, he averaged 25.8 points per game overall, averaging 21.8 points per game in 1986–87, 29.1 points per game in 1987–88, and 25.5 points per game in 1989–90.

Coaching/scouting career
Beginning in 1995, McAdoo worked 25 years for the Miami Heat. He was an assistant coach for 19 seasons under Pat Riley (1995–2003, 2005–2008), Stan Van Gundy (2003–2005) and Erik Spoelstra (2008–2013), winning three NBA championships. He has since worked the last five seasons as a scout and community liaison for Miami.

McAdoo came to the Heat organization when Pat Riley, who had been his coach for two championship seasons with the Lakers in the 1980s, left the New York Knicks to become the Heat's head coach and GM in 1995. Riley quickly reached out to McAdoo to join his coaching staff.

Personal life
McAdoo's first wife, Charlina, died of cancer in 1991. They had four children together - sons Robert III and Russell and his daughter Rita live in New Jersey, while their other son, Ross, lives in Alaska.

McAdoo and his wife, Patrizia, whom he met while playing professionally in Italy, live in Boca Raton, Florida. They have two children. Their daughter Rasheeda graduated from Georgia Tech where she played on the tennis team and qualified for the 2017 NCAA Singles Championship. She plays professional tennis. Their son Ryan is a basketball player at the University of North Carolina.

In 2010, McAdoo took part in the Basketball Without Borders program in Singapore, which uses sport to create a positive social change in areas of education, health and wellness. He also participated in the program in Beijing in 2009 and the NBA Legends Tour to South Africa in 1993, a goodwill mission to promote the NBA. McAdoo was also the basketball technical adviser for the 1993 feature film, "The Air Up There", starring Kevin Bacon.

In 2012, McAdoo was treated for a blood clot in his leg.

McAdoo's second cousin, Ronnie McAdoo, is the father of James Michael McAdoo, who also played for the Tar Heels basketball team and turned pro in 2014. In 2013, former NFL player Ephraim Salaam revealed that he is a nephew of McAdoo.

Honors

 * In 1993, McAdoo was inducted into the North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame.
 * McAdoo was inducted into the Greater Buffalo Sports Hall of Fame in 1995. McAdoo still holds the Braves/Clippers record for most minutes played per game (40.1), field goals made per game (11.1), and field goal attempts per game (22.1).
 * McAdoo was enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2000.
 * In 2006, McAdoo was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame.
 * In 2008, he was named to the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors.
 * McAdoo was inducted into the Olimpia Milano Hall of Fame, in 2013.
 * In 2016, the gymnasium at Ben L. Smith High School (Guilford County School District) was named after McAdoo.
 * In 2019, McAdoo was honored, along with seven others, by the University of North Carolina on a banner displaying UNC alumni who had been elected to the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame.
 * McAdoo is a member of the Guilford County Sports Hall of Fame.
 * In 2021, McAdoo was elected to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Bob McAdoo


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User:Vrubinstein/Haifa Through My Eyes

Haifa Through My Eyes

Living in Haifa or even visiting is an amazing experience. Yes, Israel is very small, but it has so much, and so much of it is in Haifa. For anyone of any age, and any likes. The weather is great, the view is great, and the people are great. You can go shopping in the market or the mall; you can go to the beach, or on a boat, you can clime a mountain, and that’s just the beginning. Go swimming or on a wavy day surfing, enjoy all this old city has to offer. If you don’t know how to get around you can take a nice taxi ride, or a bus almost anywhere; just remember no buses Friday night or Saturday. Haifa is a very old city with beautiful things to see go to a synagogue, or the Bahá'í Shrine. Synagogues are great place to go to feel something amazingly powerful; even if you are not religious the feels of the place can almost bring a tear in your eye. Visiting the Bahá'í Shrine is a must when in Israel. I took years to build (especially the steps leading to it), and thousand of people come to see it. Inside you can see the beautiful golden temple, walk through and walk through the garden, and if you are looking for a view, that’s the place to go. There is no better view of the city anywhere else, and it is one amazing sight. Just a few blocks from the Shrine is a park, but it’s not your everyday park. In the park there are statues. This is a great place to go with your family, kids and all, especially for a nice picnic. Walk around and look at the out of place statues smiling or playing games, or sit down well your kids are rolling down the grassy hills of the park. If it’s to hot at the park, you can always go to the much cooler beach bored walk. The cool breeze of the sea, ice cream, sea food, and a cotton candy stands. You can walk or skip on the rocks, just be careful not to fall. If you want a more wild day Haifa is the place to be it has big mall with fun stuff to do, the beach, and great ALL AGE clubs. Start the day be going to one of the many beaches. You can go swimming, surfing, or many other water sports. After a nice morning at the beach enjoy the city and its many big malls where you can go shopping for your clubbing cloth. For a more unique experience go to the market place with it chicky shops. Enjoy the nice and bustle of the city. Once you have the right outfit got to one of the many clubs, they have one for any age group and style. Dance, meet new people, and have a late night in a great city. Now that's a vacation. See you there.

title: User:Vrubinstein/Haifa Through My Eyes


text: User talk:65.94.132.65

title: User talk:65.94.132.65


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Darren Turcotte

Darren Turcotte (born March 2, 1968) is an American former professional Ice hockey player.

Early life
Turcotte's family moved to North Bay, Ontario where he spent most of his childhood. After his family returned to northern Ontario, he began playing ice hockey at the age of five. He then played six seasons with the Pinehill Coffee Shop 'AAA' minor hockey team, which at the time was coached by his father Don Turcotte. In 1984, now playing in the midget division, Darren scored 60 goals and in that same year he led the Pinehill Coffee Shop win the NOHA, Ontario, and Canadian Midget hockey titles. After his impressive 60 goal season, Darren was drafted to the Ontario Hockey League (OHL) North Bay Centennials in the third round. He played four seasons with the Centennials, averaging 60 points a season with 30 goals and 30 assists. He also made it to the OHL Cup championship final series in 1987, but North Bay lost the series in seven games to the Oshawa Generals. Turcotte finished his OHL career with a record of 128 goals and 150 assists for a total of 278 points with 211 regular season games played.

Professional career
Turcotte was drafted in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers in the sixth round, number 114 overall. He made his NHL debut on October 6, 1988, but was sent down to the Denver Rangers of the International Hockey League (IHL). After he scored 49 points in 40 games in the IHL, he was called back up to New York. In his second game back, he registered his first NHL goal and went on to record his first career hat trick a couple weeks later. As a member of the Rangers, he played in the NHL All-Star game in 1991. In Turcotte's NHL career he played for the Rangers (1988-1993), Hartford Whalers (1993-1995), Winnipeg Jets (1995-1996), San Jose Sharks (1996-1997), St. Louis Blues (1997-1998), and Nashville Predators (1998-200). In 2000, Turcotte was forced to end his NHL career in Nashville due to injuries. In his 12-year NHL career, Turcotte recorded 411 points with 195 goals and 216 assists in 635 career games.

Post career
After finishing his career with the Nashville Predators, Turcotte stayed in middle Tennessee and founded the Southern Ice Lightning AAA Midget traveling team in Brentwood, Tennessee. While in Tennessee, Turcotte began coaching his son Devan's tyke house league team as well as his Elite midget 'AAA' team. After a few years in Tennessee, Turcotte returned to North Bay where he became the assistant coach for the Abitibi Eskimos of the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League (NOJHL) in 2005–06. Shortly after, he became the head coach for the North Bay Skyhawks for two seasons. During his two seasons with the Skyhawks, Turcotte had a 41-28-1 record. Turcotte went on to be the assistant coach for the Nipissing Lakers men's hockey team from 2008-2011. When Nipissing gained a women's ice hockey team in 2012, Turcotte made the switch to coaching women's hockey. He also coached the North Bay Ice Boltz midget AA girls' team, taking them to the finals of a LLFHL championship tournament in 2012 and the Esso Cup national championship in 2013. Turcotte also coached the Team USA inline hockey team that won gold at the 2006 World Inline Tournament. Turcotte also went on to create hockey camps and skill development programs in his hometown of North Bay. On April 27, 2004, Turcotte was the 196th inductee into the North Bay Hockey Hall of Fame and on May 3, 2013, he received the Judge Harry J. Reynolds Memorial Trophy for his contribution to hockey in North Bay. Currently, he is the head coach of the Nipissing Lakers women's ice hockey program.

Personal life
Turcotte is married to Deb Turcotte and together they have three children.

International play
Turcotte represented the United States at the 1987 and 1988 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships and senior level at the 1993 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships.

Awards

 * Played in NHL All-Star Game (1991)

Legacy
In the 2009 book 100 Ranger Greats, the authors ranked Turcotte at No. 86 all-time of the 901 New York Rangers who had played during the team's first 82 seasons.

title: Darren Turcotte


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Arbor knot

The Arbor knot is a typical fishers' knot. Its primary use is to attach fishing line to the arbor of a fishing reel.

It has also gained popularity (often under the name "Canadian Jam Knot" or nicknamed "bushcraft zip tie") as a general binding knot to tie down a roll of e.g. a sleeping bag, or to begin a lashing.

Tying
An arbor knot is tied by first passing the line around the reel arbor. The tag end is then tied in an overhand knot around the running line. Finally, an overhand knot is tied in the tag end. When tightened, the overhand knot in the tag end jams against the overhand knot tied around the running line.

title: Arbor knot


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of This American Life episodes

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP.

The votes were 8 keep, 7 delete. dbenbenn | talk 22:58, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

List of This American Life episodes
I wouldn't oppose having useful content in this article, but currently it has existed for nearly a year and it contains absolutely nothing that the official Main Show Archive does not. And, if that page ever goes down, so will all of the links in this article... Is there any reason to keep this? ~leif ☺ HELO 22:35, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: This article is different from the Main Show Archive in one important aspect: it is a listing of episodes (organized by episode number), where as the Show Archive is a listing of shows (organized by date and including repeated episodes). For example, the Show Archive links to Episode 214 "Family Physics" three times because it aired three times, whereas our article lists the episode just once. --MarkSweep 06:54, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Update: I've removed all external links except for one general link to the official archive page. I suggest that further discussion about which links, if any, to include take place on the article's talk page. --MarkSweep 02:43, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Fancruft perhaps, but not more so than in most other cases. If the official page ever moves, we can update all the links here with a simple AWK script (that's how the links were created in the first place).  If the official page ever disappears, we will still have a list of episodes as a memento. Another thing: if you say that you "wouldn't oppose having useful content" here, that suggests to me that you think the topic is indeed encyclopedic, and should be expanded rather than deleted. --MarkSweep 01:11, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Utterly pointless duplication of the program's own archive page. And if you could explain, without resorting to logic-chopping, what possible useful content that could be added here that wouldn't fit in This American Life I'd be grateful. --Calton 02:05, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Pointless duplication was not a deletion criterion last time I checked. You might have a point that list of This American Life episodes could be merged with This American Life, but you could say the same about virtually every other article in Category:Lists of television series episodes – it's almost always possible to make a case for why "list of FOO episodes" should be merged into "FOO". As for useful content, it would be helpful to cross-reference the episode list with contributor articles like David Sedaris, Sarah Vowell, etc. The whole point is that this list can be properly wikified and expanded by us, whereas the official archive page cannot. --MarkSweep 03:02, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Check What Wikipedia is not--clearly this qualifies. Niteowlneils 19:09, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You mean a stripped-down, automated, wholly unnecessary duplication of an existing website's content shouldn't be considered grounds for deletion? Hell, it borders on outright copyright violation. You might have a point that list of This American Life episodes could be merged with This American Life. That was precisely NOT my point. I repeat, what "useful content" could be added to the episode list that would NOT belong in the main article (or that of the contributors)? Answer: none. Do you have a point you can make without distorting people's positions? --Calton 05:31, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * First, I'm not in the business of distorting anyone's position. Your prior point was that anything worth adding to this article could equally well be added to the This American Life article. That suggests to me that you're thinking any content (current or future) worth preserving could be merged into the main article. Like I said before, if there is a point here, it would apply essentially unchanged to a lot of other episode lists. Second, it's hardly a copyright violation, as one cannot claim copyright on a mere list of facts, which includes lists such as this, phone directories, etc. Also, if you check the history of this page, you'll see that it was cleary not created as a pared down version of the official archive page. I agree that this article should be expanded, which would make it even less of a copyright violation, if it ever was one. Third, I maintain that useful content can indeed be added here: we can provide content summaries and link them with other articles. In fact, I've just done so for a few episodes I remember off the top of my head.  Now when you go to Trail of Tears and click on What links here, you'll be directed to List of This American Life episodes among other articles.  This clearly cannot be done on the off-site official archive, and it could only be done in the main article This American Life if that included/transcluded the content from list of This American Life episodes, hence my first point. --MarkSweep 06:49, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * First, I'm not in the business of distorting anyone's position So you're an amateur, then?
 * That suggests to me... Perhaps you should stick to what I wrote and not what you imagine I wrote.
 * Pointless duplication was not a deletion criterion last time I checked. That suggests to me that you're not up on Wikipedia policy. You might want to read this, Perry Mason: What Wikipedia is not
 * This clearly cannot be done on the off-site official archive. Of course not. What you should be doing is the other way around: add the TAL link to the Trail of Tears article, if you think it's relevant. Otherwise, that suggests to me you think users are supposed to go to the "What Links Here" button, spot the List of This American Life episodes link among all the others, and go to that page and search for the appropriate link. It's so wrong-headed, that suggests to me you're trying to justify the article with some ginned-up "content." --Calton 09:18, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * There clearly can be content here that is not found on the Main Show Archive. For example, several episodes or stories have won radio journalism awards.  I've added a few of those. --MarkSweep 00:35, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * There should be a list of the awards the show has won in the main article.  ~leif ☺ HELO 04:03, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, agreeing with MarkSweep. Samaritan 04:18, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Meh, keep it. —RaD Man (talk) 04:42, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. See --"Wikipedia articles are not: 1. Mere collections of external links." IMHO, votes from people who often make strong personal attacks on VfD should NOT count. Niteowlneils 19:09, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you serious? If so, are you volunteering to be the supreme arbiter of which comments do or don't qualify enough as "strong personal attacks" to disqualify a voter? IMHO, votes from people who suggest other peoples' votes shouldn't count should also NOT count, so there.  ~leif ☺ HELO 04:03, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, potential for duplicate content, for starters. Wyss 22:28, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Where exactly do you see that potential? We don't have any articles on individual episodes, so the only other target would be the This American Life article itself, which explicitly points to this list. --MarkSweep 00:42, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Just a repository of external links, which is what wikipedia is not. -R. fiend 23:34, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * So if we got rid of the external links to make it look more like list of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles episodes (2003 series), would that be better? --MarkSweep 23:55, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I listen to (and love) this show. This is the best show NPR airs in my area.  This list is pointless, though. Delete.  Could be done with catagories if the shows exist, however. humblefool® 00:17, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Lists are distinct from categories. "Lists have a substantial advantage over categories and series boxes in that they can be annotated. A list can include items that do not yet have an article, and can also show series or groups where the items would be completely separate on the category page." Categories only make sense if there are articles, but it makes no sense to create a separate article for each episode.  If we did that, we would end up with something like list of Frasier episodes, which is to a large extent a collection of red links. --MarkSweep 00:35, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep but remove most/all external links. -Sean Curtin 00:24, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * delete. Yuckfoo 01:20, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but with reservations. The show is notable and the article has potential but as the list mostly contains external links these are going to have to be removed. Perhaps just write a short description on each show instead in their place. Megan1967 02:21, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain: After the recent updates, the article does now actually have some content that is not on the Main Show Archive page. To the admin who counts this VfD: Please do not count my nomination as a vote to delete.  ~leif ☺ HELO 04:03, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep since update. Kappa 10:17, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is just a list of nearly 300 links to pages on a single other web-site, americanlife.org.  If you removed all those links, all that would be left would be a short blurb about some of the 2004 episodes.   Articles that are essentially lists of links to other web-sites are against Wikipedia policy, and even if they weren't, this so-called article can and should be replaced by a single sentence in the "External references" section of This American Life, letting people know that they can find information about particular episodes on americanlife.org. --BM 16:21, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * So would you prefer it if we got rid of the external links (which are useful content, IMO) to make it look more like list of Curb Your Enthusiasm episodes or list of Seinfeld episodes? --MarkSweep 19:05, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * At present, it is 95% a violation of Wikipedia policy (being a list of external links), and 5% a useless list of blurbs about some of the 2004 shows.  Removing the external links would make it 100% a useless list of blurbs about the shows -- so it is difficult to call that an improvement.  The solution is to delete the article, as I said before.
 * So why don't we remove all episode lists? The same point applies to virtually all of them. And check the present state, the external links are gone. --MarkSweep 20:43, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Good idea. Why don't we start with the Star Trek episode lists, or even better the episode articles.  Put one of them up for a VfD; you'll have my support 1000%. --BM 03:49, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Apples and oranges -- the TAL Archive Page is an official, well, archive page. Care to point to any official TV episode archive pages? --Calton 02:25, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep -Redjar 14:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Notable enough as a list. At worse, Merge it. -CunningLinguist 23:37, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
3rd East Anglian Regiment

The 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot) was an infantry regiment of the British Army.

History
As a result of the 1957 Defence Review, the 1st Battalion, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment and the 1st Battalion, Essex Regiment amalgamated on 2 June 1958 to form the 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot).

From its inception, the 3rd East Anglians were based in Dortmund, West Germany, the home of the Essex Regiment prior to amalgamation. In 1959, the regiment was posted to Malaya shortly before the state of emergency there was declared over. The regiment served with 28 Commonwealth Brigade until 1962, when it was posted to Northern Ireland.

The regiment's brief existence came to an end when it amalgamated with three other battalions of the East Anglian Brigade on 1 September 1964, to form one of the new 'large' regiments, the Royal Anglian Regiment; The 3rd East Anglian Regiment became the 3rd Battalion (16th/44th Foot).

Badges and dress distinctions
The regiment's badge consisted of a Napoleonic eagle enclosed within the Garter, combining elements of the insignia of the two merging units. The Garter had formed part of the badge adopted by the then Bedfordshire Regiment in 1898, while the Napoleonic eagle was the collar badge of the Essex Regiment from 1947. The eagle of the French 62nd Regiment was captured by one of the regiment's predecessors at the Battle of Salamanca in 1812.

The eagle and garter badge appeared in the centre of the colours presented to the 1st battalion on 30 May 1959.

A common cap badge and buttons were worn by all regular battalions of the East Anglian Brigade from 1958. The 3rd East Anglian Regiment's uniform was distinguished by eagle and garter collar badges and by the wearing of a lanyard of pompadour purple. The purple lanyard had been worn by the Essex Regiment, having originally been the facing colour of the 56th Regiment of Foot. The regiment also had a distinctive stable belt, black with purple stripes edged in amber, a combination of those of the two constituents.

The collar badges and lanyard of the 3rd East Anglians continued to be worn by the 3rd battalion of the Royal Anglian Regiment after the 1964 amalgamation. Since 1992, when the battalion was disbanded, all parts of the Royal Anglians wear a gold eagle on a purple backing as an arm badge.

Alliances
The regiment's alliances included:
 * 🇦🇺 11th/44th Infantry Battalion (The City of Perth Regiment)—Australia (1958–1964)
 * 🇦🇺 16th Infantry Battalion(The Cameron Highlanders of Western Australia)—Australia (1936 - 1960)
 * 🇨🇦 The Essex and Kent Scottish—Canada (1958–1964)
 * The First City Regiment—South Africa (1958–1961)

title: 3rd East Anglian Regiment


text:
Wikipedia:Avoid parroting

A parrot, apart from a colourful bird belonging to the Psittacidae family, is a person who imitates the words or actions of another. In the case of Wikipedia it is an editor who states as fact comments made by other people relevant to a given topic instead of quoting them or in many cases not even citing them.

Parroting belongs to the same lineage as weasel words but is at the other end of the scale.

Examples
Parroted statement: "Turnout is estimated to be 72 percent, reaching 90 percent in some regions..."

Cited and quoted: Turnout is said by officials to have been high both in the Shia areas of the south and in Kurdistan Autonomous Region; Adil al-Lami offered a figure of 90 percent to the BBC, although he would not say how the figure had been reached.

title: Wikipedia:Avoid parroting


text:
Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport

Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport (Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд / Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd) or Belgrade Airport (Аеродром Београд / Aerodrom Beograd) is an international airport serving Belgrade, Serbia. It is the largest and the busiest airport in Serbia, situated 18 km west of downtown Belgrade near the suburb of Surčin, surrounded by fertile lowlands. It is operated by French conglomerate Vinci Airports and it is named after Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla (1856–1943).

The flag carrier and the largest airline of Serbia, Air Serbia, uses Belgrade Nikola Tesla as their hub. It is also one of the many operating bases for low-cost airline Wizz Air. The air taxi services Air Pink, Eagle Express and Prince Aviation also call the airport their home.

First airfields
The first airfield in Belgrade was inaugurated in 1910 in the neighbourhood of Banjica and was initially used by aviation pioneers such as Simon, Maslenikov, Vidmar and Čermak. Two years later a wooden hangar was built for the Serbian Air Force, which was at the time engaged in the First Balkan War against Turkey. In 1914, the Banjica airfield was the base for the Serbian Air Force squadron and the Balloon Company. After the end of the First World War, the Banjica airfield was used for airmail traffic and included the routes Novi Sad–Belgrade–Niš–Skoplje and Belgrade–Sarajevo–Mostar.

In 1911 another airfield was inaugurated in Belgrade, in the lower city of the Kalemegdan Fortress at the location of today's Belgrade Planetarium.

Airport in Pančevo
An airport on the outskirts of Pančevo, a town located northeast of Belgrade, began its operations in 1923 when CFRNA inaugurated the international route Paris–Istanbul, which was flown via Belgrade. It was on that route that same year that the first world night flight ever happened in history. The same year airmail service began operating from the airport. The Pančevo airport was also used by the Royal Yugoslav Air Force academy. After the World War II the airport was used by the Yugoslav Air Force before it became the airfield of the Utva Aviation Industry after its relocation from Zemun to Pančevo.

Airport in Dojno Polje (New Belgrade)
Because of the distance from Pančevo to downtown Belgrade, which at that time required crossing the Danube, a decision was made to build a new airport that would be closer. The airport was planned to be built just across the river Sava, in a neighborhood today known as Novi Beograd. It was opened on 25 March 1927 under the official name of Belgrade International Airport (also known as Dojno polje Airport). From February 1928, the aircraft owned by the first local airline Aeroput started taking off from the new airport. The airport had four 1100 - 2900 m long grass runways. The design for a reinforced concrete hangar that was built at the airfield was made by the Serbian scientist Milutin Milanković, better known for his theory of climate change. A modern terminal building was built in 1931, while the landing equipment for conditions of poor visibility was installed in 1936.

Before World War II, Belgrade was also used as a stopover for some major air races, such as The Schlesinger African Air Race.

Besides Aeroput, Air France, Deutsche Luft Hansa, KLM, Imperial Airways and airlines from Italy, Austria, Hungary, Romania and Poland also used the airport until the outbreak of the Second World War. Belgrade gained further prominence when Imperial Airways introduced inter-continental routes through Belgrade, when London was linked with India through the airport. Belgrade was linked with Paris and Breslau because CIDNA and Deutsche Luft Hansa, respectively, included Belgrade on its routes to Istanbul. By 1931, Belgrade became a major air hub being linked with regular flights with international destinations such as London, Madrid, Venice, Brussels, Berlin, Cologne, Warsaw, Prague, Vienna, Graz, Klagenfurt, Budapest, Bucharest, Sofia, Varna, Thessaloniki, Athens, Istanbul, and also intercontinental links with Cairo, Karachi and India.

Starting from April 1941, German occupation forces used the airport. During 1944 it was bombed by the Allies, and in October of the same year the German army destroyed the remaining facilities while withdrawing from the country.

The airport was rebuilt by October 1944 and until the end of the war was used by the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia as part of the Allied war effort.

Civil transport by Yugoslav Air Force cargo planes from this airport was reinstated at the end of 1945. At the beginning of 1947 JAT Yugoslav Airlines and JUSTA took over domestic and international traffic, and from 1948 Western European airlines resumed flights to Belgrade.

A constant increase in traffic and the beginning of the passenger jet era called for a significant expansion of the airport. In the meantime, a plan to build a residential and business district called Novi Beograd on the location of the airport was introduced. The officials decided therefore that a new international airport should be built near the village of Surčin to the west. The last flight to depart from the old airport was early in 1964.

Airport in Surčin
The new location for the airport was on the Surčin plateau, 15 km from Belgrade's city centre. Thanks to the original planners' vision, two conditions for the airport's development were fulfilled: a location was chosen that met the navigational, meteorological, construction, technical, and traffic requirements; and the special needs for the airport's long-term development were established.

Building of the new airport started in April 1958 and lasted until 28 April 1962, when it was officially opened by President Josip Broz Tito. During that period a 3000 m runway was built, with the parallel taxiway and concrete aprons for sixteen airplanes. The passenger terminal building occupied an area of 8,000 m2. Cargo storage spaces were also built, as well as a technical block with the air-traffic control tower and other accompanying facilities. Modern navigational equipment was installed, earning the airport the highest international classification according to the International Civil Aviation Organization.

The airport stagnated during the 1990s after the outbreak of the Yugoslav wars and the United Nations sanctions imposed on the Serbia and Montenegro. The sanctions also included a ban on air travel. The airport had minimal passenger movement, and many facilities were in need of reparation.

With a change in government and international sentiment, normal air traffic resumed in 2001. A few years later the airport's terminal 2 underwent a major reconstruction. The runway was upgraded to CAT IIIb in 2005, as part of a large renovation project. CAT IIIb is an Instrument Landing System (ILS), giving aircraft the security of landing during fog and storms. In 2006, the airport was renamed to Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport. Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American inventor and scientist, generally considered one of the world's most famous inventors. The construction of the new air traffic control centre was completed in 2010. In 2011 Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport shares (AERO) began trading on the Belgrade Stock Exchange (BELEX).

2012–2018
In 2012, construction work on the modernization and expansion of the airport began. It was carried out on the expansion and reconstruction of the A-gate and C-gate departure and transit areas. As a result, an extra 2750 m2 was added. Jetways at the A and C gates were also replaced.

Also, there were plans for the construction of a new control tower as the current air control tower was built in 1962. Future expansion of current terminals should see additional 17,000 sqm added, with terminal 2 getting additional 4 jetways.

2018–present
In January 2018, the Government of Serbia granted a 25-year concession of the Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport to the French airport operator Vinci Airports for a sum of 501 million euros. On 21 December 2018, Vinci formally took over the airport. In 2018, the airport had a sizeable increase in revenue and net income, due to Vinci Airports transaction. On 24 April 2024 Serbian finance minister Siniša Mali announced that concession of Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport is extended by 18 months in order to minimize the influence of COVID-19 Pandemic. The concession will last until 1 July 2044.

Terminals
The airport's two terminals have a combined area of 44000 sqm, with Terminal 2 being larger of the two, the two terminals are connected by a hallway. The airport has 90 check-in counters and 32 gates (of which 24 are equipped with jetways). Gates A1-A10 and C1-C14 are equipped with jetways, gates A7a, A7b and C10a-C10e use buses, while gate A11 is used for domestic flights to Niš.

Terminal 1
Terminal 1 (T1) was the original and only terminal when the airport was built. The terminal handled domestic flights during the time of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro, and subsequently has come to be used for international flights, mostly by low-cost and charter airlines. The terminal went through a major renovation in 2016 and 2017 when the interior was overhauled.

Terminal 2
Terminal 2 (T2) was constructed in 1979 for the airport's growing passenger numbers. The terminal has a capacity of 5 million passengers. The terminal contains airline offices, transfer desks and various retail shops. The terminal went through two major renovations: from 2004 through 2006, with the arrivals and departures areas of the terminal completely reconstructed, and another one in 2012 and 2013 when there were works on expansion and overhaul of the C platform. While not officially confirmed, it is believed that the overhauled T1 will be used by foreign carriers, while Air Serbia and Etihad Airways Partners would gain exclusive use of Terminal 2.

Passenger
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights as of July 2024:The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights as of July 2024:

Cargo
The following cargo airlines served the airport on a regular basis:

Security
Before the 2020/2021-2023 remodelling, Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport was built with only one airside hallway for both departing and arriving passengers. As such, security checks used to be located at gate entrances rather than on a central location. As of 2021, however, there is a central security hall directly above the ticketing area, before passport control, where all passengers must be screened.

Passport controls are placed on two entrances and the single exit of the hallway. All passengers must pass the passport control, except those traveling domestically. An additional security check used to exist on the hallway entrance, but it was removed in 2013 as it inconvenienced passengers and was not essential for security.

In 2007 the airport prohibited cars parking next to the airport terminal, instead they have to use the car park provided, as a result of the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack.

Lounges
Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport offers a business class lounge operated by Dufry, Business Club, for the majority of airlines operating from the airport. "Business Club", opened in 2011, covers an area of 250 m2, and can seat 30 guests.

The airport also has a VIP Lounge, with separate check-in and passport control facilities. The VIP Lounge is entered from the public area and directly from the apron, so it functions as a separate and independent element. Passport and customs control and baggage control are located at the very entrance into the lounge.

Air Serbia Premium Lounge is the first dedicated airline owned and operated lounge at the airport, located between gates A4 and A5. Air Serbia plans to open a new Premium Lounge next to gate C10 at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport by the end of 2024. The new lounge will occupy an area of 630 m2 (twice the size of the existing lounge) and will be able to accommodate up to 160 guests simultaneously.

Car
The airport is connected to the A3 motorway via a nearby interchange. The toll station on A3 is located to the west of the interchange, and the sections to the Belgrade downtown and the Belgrade bypass are toll-free. Licensed taxis from the airport to the city are available.

Bus
The following scheduled bus services connect the airport with its surroundings:

Rail
The Serbian Ministry of Construction, Transportation and Infrastructure has announced a construction project for a new railway line between the city and the airport. The construction is scheduled to start in 2024, and should be completed in 18 months.

Accidents and incidents

 * On 18 February 2024, Air Serbia Flight 324, an Embraer E-195 wet leased from Marathon Airlines with 106 passengers and crew on board, sustained serious damage to its fuselage and tail after hitting the airport runway’s instrument landing system array during takeoff on its way to Dusseldorf. The aircraft turned back after failing to gain altitude and was safely evacuated upon landing.

title: Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport


text:
Talk:John Lomax

Article text
The text of article was obtained from Library of Congress site. Darwin 22:35, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * ...which makes the entire article a copyright violation - see here. I hate to do this to a long article, but this is straight up copy-and-paste.--DLand TALK 14:56, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
 * ...which makes the entire article a PD copy-and-paste. LOC is a PD source and it seems to be no restrictions on that text. - Darwinek 15:02, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I realize that LOC is a PD source, but it says pretty explicitly that written permission is required for reproduction beyond fair use or other exemptions. Am I misunderstanding something?--DLand TALK 15:23, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I think it is PD unless otherwise stated. To quote "Library is not aware of any copyright in the materials in this collection". - Darwinek 16:52, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

Merge of John Lomax III
In January 2008 it was proposed at AfD [Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ruby Terrill Lomax here] that Ruby Terrill Lomax and John Lomax III be merged back into this article. The AfD was closed as a trainwreck, with no decision for or against. Note that this is different to a close as "no consensus" which would routinely default to keep.

After the AFD, merge tags were added to John Lomax III. No comments were received in the following two months, so I have been bold and merged Lomax III into this article.

John Lomax III has limited notability other than in the context of his relationship with his grandfather. His career in musicology is interesting as an example of following in a family tradition but does not otherwise meet WP:BIO. The article falls directly within the example given at WP:MERGE - ".. parents or children of a celebrity who are otherwise unremarkable are generally covered in a section of the article on the celebrity, and can be merged there."

I also note that no opposition was expressed to the merge since it was proposed in January, which suggests it is not particularly controversial. Obviously I am happy to stand corrected and will revert the merge if there is consensus to do so. Otherwise, I think an uncontested merge proposal from two months ago, and the limited notability of Lomax III except in relation to his grandfather, indicate a merge is a correct course in this instance. Euryalus (talk) 05:44, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Lede photograph
Is that a photograph of John or Alan Lomax? Bms4880 (talk) 20:23, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Ok, the photograph was of John Lomax, Jr., the son of the article's subject. I replaced the image with a photograph of Lomax, Sr. Bms4880 (talk) 21:54, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

Title of Article Should Be John A. Lomax not John Lomax
He signed his books and is always referred to as John A. Lomax or John Avery Lomax. I don't know how to fix this myself, but someone should.Mballen (talk) 04:15, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

Legacy Section
The Legacy Section ends with a few paragraphs about the current activities of a descendant. IMO articles should end with the subject. With the way this article ends readers may feel as though they have been whisked away in a time machine to the 1990s. Take for example the article on Paul McCartney (The Beatles) - if that ended with the latest fashion show by Stella McCartney would you consider that a good ending?

I'll try to get back to this article at a later date to change the Legacy Section. However if you see that nothing has been done (I'm committed to other articles for the moment and may not get the time or inclination to return here) about the ending and you agree that the end needs to be refocused back to the subject then feel free to make the changes.

Sluffs (talk) 23:50, 13 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110728090228/http://www.texasfolkloresociety.org/Presidents.htm to http://www.texasfolkloresociety.org/Presidents.htm

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External links modified
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Erroneous photo of John A. Lomax, Sr.
Photo is not of John A. Lomax but of his son, John Lomax, Jr. (1907-1974). Lomax Jr. was also a folksong collector and perfomer and was associated with Mance Lipscom and Lighting Hopkins. https://www.loc.gov/item/2007660355/ forgot to sign Mballen (talk) 02:52, 26 May 2018 (UTC)

I can't figure out how to upload the correct photo which appears in this publicity photo from the 1940s by an uncredited photographer: http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/personel/LomaxJohn.htm

And also here: http://www.culturalequity.org/alanlomax/ce_alanlomax_bio.php

The picture that is currently on Wikipedia commons very clearly states that it is of John Lomax, Jr., John Lomax's eldest son, not of John Lomax, Sr., the subject of this article, and that the source is the Library of Congress. Since wikipedia won't let me use the correct photo I am going to delete the incorrect one. Mballen (talk) 03:34, 26 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:John Lomax


text:
File:PubTThou01.jpg

Fair use rationale for The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series), Gremlin, and Nightmare at 20,000 Feet (The Twilight Zone)

 * When placed in the correct section of the article, it helps the reader connect the picture to an episode discussed in the section.
 * The picture shows the variety of roles played by William Shatner.
 * The picture shows an example of "gremlins" in popular culture.
 * The picture is a screenshot of the episode discussed. There are no pictures on the page, and it helps enhance the article.
 * The picture shows one of the roles played by Nick Cravat.

title: File:PubTThou01.jpg


text:
Bay of Gibraltar

The Bay of Gibraltar (Bahía de Algeciras), is a bay at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula. It is around 10 km long by 8 km wide, covering an area of some 75 km2, with a depth of up to 400 m in the centre of the bay. It opens to the south into the Strait of Gibraltar and the Mediterranean Sea.

The shoreline is densely settled. From west to east, the shore is divided between the Spanish municipalities of Algeciras, Los Barrios, San Roque, La Línea de la Concepción and the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. The larger part of the shoreline is Spanish territory, with part of the eastern half of the bay belonging to Gibraltar.

The east and west entrances to the bay are marked respectively by the Europa Point Lighthouse at Europa Point, Gibraltar and the Punta Carnero Lighthouse in Punta Carnero to the west of Algeciras.

History

The area around the Bay of Gibraltar has been inhabited for millennia and the bay itself has been used by merchant shipping for at least 3,000 years. The Phoenicians are believed to have had a settlement near Gibraltar and the Romans established the town of Portus Alba ("White Port") on the site of modern Algeciras. Later peoples, notably the Moors and the Spanish, also established settlements on the shoreline during the Middle Ages and early modern period, including the heavily fortified and highly strategic port at Gibraltar, which fell to England in 1704.

The bay's strategic position at the mouth of the Mediterranean has made it a much-contested body of water over the centuries. It has been the site of several major sea battles, notably the Battle of Gibraltar (1607) and the First Battle of Algeciras (1801). During the Second World War, Italy launched human torpedoes from Algeciras on several occasions in attempts to sink British ships moored in the Gibraltar harbour, with mixed success due to the work of Commander Crabbe.

More recently, there has been (and remains) a persistent dispute between Spain and Gibraltar over British sovereignty in the Bay of Gibraltar. Spain does not recognise British claims of sovereignty in the area save for a small portion around the Port of Gibraltar, but the UK has asserted a normal 3 nmi limit around Gibraltar, with a demarcation in the middle of the bay. This claim contradicts the treaty of Utrecht of 1713, by which Spain ceded to Great Britain the city and port of Gibraltar and the internal waters of that port, without granting any territoriality over the surrounding waters in the Bay of Algeciras. This has caused tensions between the two sides, especially over the issue of Spanish fishermen operating in British Gibraltar territorial waters. Both have signed, and are bound, by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea which specifies territorial waters. After the arrest of a Spanish fishing vessel by the Royal Gibraltar Police in 1998, the problem largely subsided. An incident in the area in 2007 concerning the Odyssey Marine Exploration was resolved in court cases by 2012 with Spain being awarded the ownership of the treasure-trove.

Ecology

The bay is a breeding area for several dolphin species, notably the common dolphin, striped dolphin and bottlenose dolphin, and is also visited by migratory whales. It is a popular destination for tourist whale-watching trips from Algeciras or Gibraltar.

The other major draw for tourists is scuba diving: the area is rich with wrecks and historical artifacts such as crashed Avro Shackleton aircraft and Sherman tanks from the Second World War, and ancient anchors from Phoenician and Roman ships.

To encourage marine diversity an artificial reef was constructed in the bay at the end of the runway.

Industrialisation

The area around the bay in Spain is heavily industrialised with extensive petrochemical installations near San Roque (such as the CEPSA oil refinery and Acerinox stainless steel manufacturing plant) and working ports in both Algeciras and Gibraltar. The bay's waters are used by a considerable number of large and medium-sized ships, notably oil tankers and freighters. Oil bunkering activities are also heavily carried out.

CEPSA Refinery
The CEPSA Gibraltar-San Roque Refinery, located in Spain, occupies 1.5 million m2 and employs 1,000. In 2015 the refinery produced 13.8 million tons of fuel, 260,000 tons of purified terephthalic acid, 170,700 tons of purified isophthalic acid and 157,300 tons of polyethylene terephthalate.

In 2007 a particularly serious sulphur incident happened as well as intermittent flaring episodes. The impacts of such upsets on surrounding neighbourhoods had provoked outrage and public protest which led to the Consejería de Medio Ambiente of the Junta de Andalucía to order an independent audit aimed at investigating such incidents.

The refinery continues to cause concern with close co-operation between various groups monitoring its activities.

Bunkering
Fuel tanks on ships are known as bunkers, and the process of fueling termed bunkering.

Due to its geographical position on a major shipping route, Gibraltar is one of the largest bunkering ports in the Mediterranean, followed by neighbour Algeciras in Spain. The ports in the Straits — Algeciras, Ceuta and Gibraltar — are the second bunker market in Europe, behind the so-called Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp area.

In Gibraltar 4300000 t of bunker fuel were delivered in 2007 compared with just 840000 t in 1990 and bunkering is now the main activity within the Port of Gibraltar. Of a total of 8,351 deep-sea vessels which called at Gibraltar in 2007, 5,640 were supplied with fuel.

Algeciras recorded bunker sales of about 2400000 t in 2008. From the 24,535 vessels called at the Port of Algeciras Bay, 2,173 took on fuel. Gibraltar in 2009 supplied over 4200000 t of fuel. The local CEPSA refinery produces supplies much of the fuel for bunkering in the bay which it delivers on seven dedicated barge to either Algeciras or Gibraltar.

Pollution

Due to all these facts and the heavy industries along the shoreline, airborne and marine pollution are serious problems in the area. Environmental groups have raised concerns about the risks of oil spills and other types of pollution, particularly in the light of the bay's ecological importance. In May 1998, an accident at the Acerinox plant in Los Barrios, caused the release of a radioactive cloud. The radiation was not detected on site, but was eventually detected in France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, and Austria. The radioactive levels measured were up to 142 times higher than normal. Due to the large number of ships that transit the strait, there is always a danger of accidents and in recent years there have been a small number of sinkings, groundings and collisions in both Gibraltar and Spain resulting in oil spills (New Flame, Spa Bunker IV, Samothraki, Sierra Nava, Tawe and Fedra).

Last report of Greenpeace on the pollution in Spain targets the Bay of Gibraltar as suffering from "chronic pollution" due to hydrocarbons, not only as a result of accidents, but also as a consequence of regular unballast, ship-to-ship bunkering or tank cleaning operations. During 2009, environmental organizations, both Spanish and Gibraltarian, have called the Tripartite Forum to implement measures to protect the Bay of Gibraltar.

A joint statement was issued by concerned environmental groups on both sides of the frontier in relation to the trilateral forum meeting held in 2009.

A report by the Gibraltar government in 2015 reported that the water body status of Gibraltar Coastal Waters was "good" for both ecological and chemical status.

title: Bay of Gibraltar


text:
Fotheringay

Fotheringay was a short-lived British folk rock group, formed in 1970 by singer-songwriter and musician Sandy Denny on her departure from Fairport Convention. The band drew its name from her 1968 composition "Fotheringay" about Fotheringhay Castle, in which Mary, Queen of Scots had been imprisoned. The song originally appeared on the 1969 Fairport Convention album, What We Did on Our Holidays, Denny's first album with that group. The original Fotheringay released one self-titled album but disbanded at the start of 1971 as Denny embarked on a solo career. Forty-five years later, a new version of the band re-formed featuring the three original surviving members together with other musicians, and toured in 2015 and 2016.

Career
Two former members of Eclection, guitarist Trevor Lucas and drummer Gerry Conway, and two former members of Poet and the One Man Band, Jerry Donahue (guitar) and Pat Donaldson (bass), completed the line-up responsible for what was intended to be the quintet's first album. This folk-based set included several Denny original compositions, notably "Nothing More", "The Sea" and "The Pond and The Stream", as well as versions of Gordon Lightfoot's "The Way I Feel" and Bob Dylan's "Too Much of Nothing". Though during the year of its original release the album featured in two of the UK's music papers' Top 20s (Melody Maker and NME), it did not meet commercial expectations, and pressures on Denny to undertake a solo career increased. She had been voted Britain's number 1 singer for two consecutive years in Melody Maker's readers poll. The album peaked at No. 18 in the UK Albums Chart.

A special live performance by Fotheringay was recorded at Gruga-Halle in Essen, Germany, on 23 October 1970. The concert tapes were re-mastered by Fotheringay guitarist Jerry Donahue and the album released in 2011.

Fotheringay disbanded in January 1971 during sessions for a projected second album. The album remained unfinished after Denny announced that she was leaving the group and producer Joe Boyd left to take up a job at Warner Brothers in California. Denny would later blame Boyd's hostility towards the group for its demise.

Some of the songs originally earmarked for the second Fotheringay album surfaced on Denny's 1971 debut solo album, The North Star Grassman and the Ravens. Meanwhile, Lucas, Conway and Donahue joined Fairport Convention in 1972 to record that band's Rosie album, on which some Fotheringay material was also used. However, Conway played on three tracks only and began session work afterwards. Both Conway and Donaldson have worked with Fairport's Richard Thompson, amongst many others. Lucas and Donahue stayed with Fairport for another couple of years, the album Nine being released in 1973, while Denny rejoined in 1974. This line-up recorded two additional albums: Fairport Live Convention (re-titled A Movable Feast in the US) and Rising for the Moon. Denny, along with Donahue and Lucas, left Fairport in December 1975. Conway eventually joined a reformed Fairport in 1997.

In 2007, the BBC announced that Donahue would be attempting to complete the abandoned projected second Fotheringay album, which he accomplished using previously unheard takes from the original archived tapes. Completed by the summer of the following year, Fotheringay 2 was released by Fledg'ling Records on 29 September 2008.

A four-disc collection, Nothing More: The Collected Fotheringay, was released on 30 March 2015. This is the most comprehensive compilation of the group’s recordings, and contains, in addition to all the tracks on Fotheringay and Fotheringay 2 as both final studio versions and demos/alternate takes, the complete live concert set from Rotterdam in 1970 (including several previously unreleased tracks), seven Fotheringay tracks recorded in session for BBC radio (which had previously circulated only as bootlegs), plus a DVD disc containing 4 performances by Fotheringay recorded for the German "Beat-Club" TV series in 1970, which considerably augment the otherwise sparse known TV footage of Sandy Denny in particular.

In June 2015, the three surviving members of the original band - Jerry Donahue, Gerry Conway and Pat Donaldson - reunited and played 12 tour dates in England over the next 12 months, followed by gigs in Germany and the Netherlands in September, 2016. They were joined by Kathryn Roberts (Equation, KR & Sean Lakeman), Sally Barker (The Poozies, ‘The Voice’) and PJ Wright (The Dylan Project and Little Johnny England) to provide the harmonious vocals in the absence of Denny and Lucas. They played at Wolverhampton on 28 June 2016.

Discography

 * Fotheringay (Island/A&M, 1970)
 * Fotheringay 2 (Fledg'ling Records, 2008)
 * Fotheringay Essen 1970 (Thor's Hammer Records, 2011)
 * Nothing More: The Collected Fotheringay (Universal Music, 2015)

title: Fotheringay


text:
Fetal viability

Fetal viability is the ability of a human fetus to survive outside the uterus. Viability depends upon factors such as birth weight, gestational age, and the availability of advanced medical care. In low-income countries, more than 90% of extremely preterm newborns (less than 28 weeks gestational age) die due to a lack of said medical care; in high-income countries, the vast majority of these newborns survive.

Medical viability is generally considered to be between 23 and 24 weeks gestational age, meaning that these newborns have a < 50% chance of either dying or surviving with severe impairment if active care is instituted; this applies to most fetuses at ≥ 24 weeks of gestation, and to some fetuses at 23 weeks of gestation with favourable risk factors.

As of 2022, the world record for the lowest gestational age newborn to survive is held by Curtis Zy-Keith Means, who was born on 5 July 2020 in the United States, at 21 weeks and 1 day gestational age, weighing 420 grams.

Definitions
Viability, as the word has been used in the United States constitutional law since Roe v. Wade, is the potential of the fetus to survive outside the uterus after birth, natural or induced, when supported by up-to-date medicine. Fetal viability depends largely on the fetal organ maturity, and environmental conditions. According to Websters Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, viability of a fetus means having reached such a stage of development as to be capable of living, under normal conditions, outside the uterus. Viability exists as a function of biomedical and technological capacities, which are different in different parts of the world. As a consequence, there is, at the present time, no worldwide, uniform gestational age that defines viability.

According to the McGraw-Hill medical dictionary a nonviable fetus is "an expelled or delivered fetus which, although living, cannot possibly survive to the point of sustaining life independently, even with support of the best available medical therapy." A legal definition states: "Nonviable means not capable of living, growing, or developing and functioning successfully. It is the antithesis of viable, which is defined as having attained such form and development of organs as to be normally capable of living outside the uterus." [Wolfe v. Isbell, 291 Ala. 327, 329 (Ala. 1973)]

Various jurisdictions have different legal definitions of viability. In Ireland, under the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018, fetal viability is defined as "the point in a pregnancy at which, in the reasonable opinion of a medical practitioner, the foetus is capable of survival outside the uterus without extraordinary life-sustaining measures." [Definitions (Part 2)(8)]

Black's law dictionary 6th edition
Viability. Capable of living. A term used to denote the power a newborn child possesses of continuing its independent existence. That stage of fetal development when the life of the unborn child may be continued indefinitely outside the womb by natural or artificial life-support systems. The constitutionality of this statutory definition (V.A.M.S. (Mo.),188.015) was upheld in Planned Parenthood of Central Mo. v. Danforth, 428 U.S. 52,96 S.Ct 2831, 49 L.Ed.2d 788.

For purposes of abortion regulation, viability is reached when, in the judgement of the attending physician on the particular facts of the case before her, there is a reasonable likelihood of the fetuses' sustained survival outside the womb, with or without artificial support. Colautti v. Franklin, 439 U.S. 379,388, 99 S.Ct. 675, 682, 58 L.Ed.2d 596. See Also Viable; Viable Child.

Medical viability
Fetal viability is generally considered to begin at 23 or 24 weeks gestational age in the United States.

There is no sharp limit of development, gestational age, or weight at which a human fetus automatically becomes viable. According to one study, between 2013 and 2018 at United States academic medical centers, the percentage of newborns who survived long enough to leave the hospital was 30% at 22 weeks, 55% at 23 weeks, 70% at 24 weeks, and 80% of those born at 25 weeks gestational age. Between 2010 and 2014, babies in the United States had an approximately 70% survival rate when born under weight of 500 g (1.10lb), an increase from a 30.8% survival rate between 2006 and 2010. A baby's chances for survival increases 3 to 4 percentage points per day between 23 and 24 weeks of gestation, and about 2 to 3 percentage points per day between 24 and 26 weeks of gestation. After 26 weeks the rate of survival increases at a much slower rate because survival is high already. Prognosis depends also on medical protocols on whether to resuscitate and aggressively treat a very premature newborn, or whether to provide only palliative care, in view of the high risk of severe disability of very preterm babies.

According to a Stanford University study on babies born in the most advanced US hospitals between 2013 and 2018, at 23 weeks, 55% of infants survive a preterm birth long enough to be discharged from the hospital, usually months later. Most of these infants experienced some form of significant neurodevelopmental impairment, such as cerebral palsy. Most were re-hospitalized for respiratory illnesses or other medical problems during the first two years of life. Some used adaptive equipment such as walkers or feeding tubes, but most could feed themselves when they were 2 years old. Most had typical vision and hearing.

Period of viability
Beliefs about viability vary by country. Medical decisions regarding the resuscitation of extremely preterm infants (EPI) deemed to be in the "grey zone" usually take into account weight and gestational age, as well as parental views. One 2018 study showed that there was a significant difference between countries in what was considered to be the "grey zone": the "grey zone" was considered to be 22 to 23 weeks in Sweden, 23 to 24 weeks in the UK, and 24 to 26 weeks in the Netherlands. Whether the fetus is in the period of viability may have legal ramifications as far as the fetus' rights of protection are concerned. Traditionally, the period of viability referred to the period after the twenty-eighth week.

Indian Law considers the period of viability to be the period after 28 weeks of gestational age.

United States Supreme Court
The United States Supreme Court stated in Roe v. Wade (1973) that viability, defined as the "interim point at which the fetus becomes ... potentially able to live outside the mother's womb, albeit with artificial aid", "is usually placed at about seven months (28 weeks) but may occur earlier, even at 24 weeks." The 28-week definition became part of the "trimester framework" marking the point at which the "compelling state interest" (under the doctrine of strict scrutiny) in preserving potential life became possibly controlling, permitting states to freely regulate and even ban abortion after the 28th week. The subsequent Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) modified the "trimester framework", permitting the states to regulate abortion in ways not posing an "undue burden" on the right of the mother to an abortion at any point before viability; on account of technological developments between 1973 and 1992, viability itself was legally dissociated from the hard line of 28 weeks, leaving the point at which "undue burdens" were permissible variable depending on the technology of the time and the judgement of the state legislatures.

Born-Alive Infants Protection Act of 2002
In 2002, the U.S. government enacted the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act. Whereas a fetus may be viable or not viable in utero, this law provides a legal definition for personal human life when not in utero. It defines "born alive" as "the complete expulsion or extraction from his or her mother of that member, at any stage of development, who after such expulsion or extraction breathes or has a beating heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles" and specifies that any of these is the action of a living human person. While the implications of this law for defining viability in medicine may not be fully explored, in practice doctors and nurses are advised not to resuscitate such persons with gestational age of 22 weeks or less, under 400 g weight, with anencephaly, or with a confirmed diagnosis of trisomy 13 or 18.

U.S. state laws
Forty-three states have laws banning post-viability abortions unless pregnancy threatens the life or health of the woman or there is a fetal abnormality. Some allow doctors to decide for themselves if the fetus is viable. Some require doctors to perform tests to prove a fetus is pre-viable and require multiple doctors to certify the findings. The procedure intact dilation and extraction (IDX) became a focal point in the abortion debate, based on the belief that it is used mainly post-viability. IDX was made illegal in most circumstances by the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act in 2003, which the U.S. Supreme Court upheld in the case of Gonzales v. Carhart.

Limit of viability
The limit of viability is the gestational age at which a prematurely born fetus/infant has a 50% chance of long-term survival outside its mother's womb. With the support of neonatal intensive care units, the limit of viability in the developed world has declined since the 1960s.

As of the mid-2000s, the limit of viability is considered to be around 24 weeks, although the incidence of major disabilities remains high at this point. Neonatologists generally would not provide intensive care at 23 weeks, but would from 26 weeks.

Different jurisdictions have different policies regarding the resuscitation of extremely premature newborns, that may be based on various factors such as gestational age, weight and medical presentation of the baby, the desires of parents and medical practitioners. The high risk of severe disability of very premature babies or of mortality despite medical efforts lead to ethical debates over quality of life and futile medical care, but also about the sanctity of life as viewed in various religious doctrines.

As of 2022, the world record for the lowest gestational age newborn to survive is held by Curtis Zy-Keith Means, who was born on 5 July 2020 in the United States, at 21 weeks and 1 day gestational age, weighing 420 grams.

A preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. There are three types of preterm births: extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks).

Factors that influence the chance of survival
There are several factors that affect the chance of survival of the baby. Two notable factors are age and weight. The baby's gestational age (number of completed weeks of pregnancy) at the time of birth and the baby's weight (also a measure of growth) influence whether the baby will survive. Another major factor is gender: male infants have a slightly higher risk of dying than female infants, for which various explanations have been proposed.

Several types of health problems also influence fetal viability. For example, breathing problems, congenital abnormalities or malformations, and the presence of other severe diseases, especially infection, threaten the survival of the neonate.

Other factors may influence survival by altering the rate of organ maturation or by changing the supply of oxygen to the developing fetus.

The mother's health plays a significant role in the child's viability. Diabetes in the mother, if not well controlled, slows organ maturation; infants of such mothers have a higher mortality. Severe high blood pressure before the 8th month of pregnancy may cause changes in the placenta, decreasing the delivery of nutrients and/or oxygen to the developing fetus and leading to problems before and after delivery.

Rupture of the fetal membranes before 24 weeks of gestation with loss of amniotic fluid markedly decreases the baby's chances of survival, even if the baby is delivered much later.

The quality of the facility—whether the hospital offers neonatal critical care services, whether it is a Level I pediatric trauma care facility, the availability of corticosteroids and other medications at the facility, the experience and number of physicians and nurses in neonatology and obstetrics and of the providers has a limited but still significant impact on fetal viability. Facilities that have obstetrical services and emergency rooms and operating facilities, even if smaller, can be used in areas where higher services are not available to stabilize the mother and fetus or neonate until they can be transferred to an appropriate facility.

title: Fetal viability


text:
Talk:Musikverein

Untitled
I'm not quite sure about the positive effects the last edits had on this short article. (1) Do we need two photos? (2) Why was the New Year's Concert de-linked? (3) As far as I know, the renovation work has been finished. The last sentence now reads as if it were still going on.  22:43, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

Sorry — the English was very confusing, mixing the past perfect and the present perfect with inappropriate prepositions. I tried to make sense of it by making the English consistent. I take it that it should in fact be inthe simple past? If so, I'll rewrite it. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:47, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm afraid I'm no longer certain now, but at least walking past the building no longer gives you the impression that renovation work is going on inside. Maybe someone else knows for sure?  22:56, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)

One of the finest concert halls
References are needed for this: It is considered to be one of the three finest concert halls in the world, along with Boston's Symphony Hall and Amsterdam's Concertgebouw. Cheers, --Karljoos (talk) 15:56, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

 * I've added a ref. It actually rates in the top 5 which are listed in the Notes section. Viva-Verdi (talk) 15:41, 10 November 2010 (UTC)

Hyacinth (talk) 06:34, 1 May 2012 (UTC)
 * You must be kidding. - Sum mer PhD  (talk) 21:57, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Might be a bit nitpicky, but "Musikverein" is pronounced without a glottal stop (and a schwa) in Austrian German. i.e. muˌziːkfəʁˈaɪ̯n Dahauns (talk) 08:54, 22 May 2013 (UTC)
 * There seems to be a determined drive by those who are cognisant of the finer details of IPA symbols to make Wikipedia's help in the pronunciation of foreign words as inaccessible to casual IPA users as possible. I'm all for simplifying those symbol salads, all the better if it gains in precision. Frankly, I could live with the final diphthong simply as "aɪ". -- Michael Bednarek (talk) 12:20, 22 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I agree somewhat (I'm somewhat skeptical that it really gains in precision, though...). At least the use of the inverted breve should be consistent with the IPA help page. Dahauns (talk) 14:00, 22 May 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20151222173724/https://www.musikverein.at/dermusikverein/musikvereinssaal.php?lang=en to https://www.musikverein.at/dermusikverein/musikvereinssaal.php?lang=en

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English style
The Wikipedia style manual instructs us to translate non-English names into English, if in their original language they have meaning, e.g. in Austrian German "Neujahrskonzert der Wiener Philharmoniker" means "New Year's Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic". The section I edited had "Kaiser von Österreich" translated to "Emperor of Austria" while "Bösendorferstrasser" was not translated to "Bösendorfer street." (Seriously, if your native language is Swahili, you are not likely to recognize "strasser" as a cognate word for "street," the English word you know, and thus might think this is a building whose name can not be translated.) I translated everything that has a meaning in German. Nick Beeson (talk) 13:28, 28 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Where does the MoS instruct us thus? I think the rule is to use an English name if that can be sourced. Here, the "Musikverein" (the article name) is not translated because nobody does. Same for "Großer Saal" etc. These are the names used by the Musikverein on their English language website. "Great Hall" is only an approximation of "Großer Musikvereinssaal". As for "Straße": Wikipedia has quite a few articles with "-straße", and I'm not aware of any movement to change them. -- Michael Bednarek (talk) 13:48, 28 August 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Musikverein


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Falcon College

Falcon College (or simply Falcon) is an independent boarding school for boys and girls aged 12–18 in the southern Matabeleland region of Zimbabwe. It was founded in 1954 near Essexvale, Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (now Esigodini, Zimbabwe), 55 km southeast of Bulawayo on the remains of the Bushtick Mine. The college's graduates include a British member of parliament, surgeons and doctors, leaders of industry and commerce, soldiers and educators.

The college has 40 km2 of Matabeleland bush, 10 km2 approximately is game fenced and houses Quiet Waters game park. The park contains examples of most of Zimbabwe's plains game species, including zebra, giraffe, kudu, impala, tsessebe, bushbuck and warthog. The campus is surrounded by an electric fence (a reminder of the bush war of pre-1980). An air strip is nearby.

The school's motto is Sic itur ad astra and the school badge is a representation of a Lanner Falcon designed by the wife of a former Headmaster.

Falcon College was ranked as one of the Top 10 High Schools in Zimbabwe in 2014.

Falcon College is a member of the Association of Trust Schools (ATS) and the Headmaster is a member of the Conference of Heads of Independent Schools in Zimbabwe (CHISZ).

In December 2015 Falcon became a coeducational school accepting girls in January 2016.

Historical background
Originally Bushtick Mine, and with 36 boys and a handful of staff, the college was founded on Wednesday 3 February 1954. It was opened by the Governor General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Lord Llewellin, on Saturday 10 April 1954. Much has changed since then but the college has some remains of its founding days.

The original motto was Arduus ad Solem. The newer Motto is: Sic Itur Ad Astra The school motto comes from the words of Virgil (70-19BC) a classical Roman poet who wrote: “nova virtute, puer; sic itur ad astra” which translates: Look to your new-found courage, young man, for that is the way to the stars.

In the beginning, the boys were divided into three colour groups for sport, Whites, Blues, and Khakis. Later, the houses were named A,B,C, and D, and in April 1956, Sir Robert Clarkson Tredgold, chairman of the Board of Governors, announced that the houses were to be renamed Hervey, Oates, Tredgold, and Founders. Founders was so named to commemorate the Founders of the School; Tredgold after Sir Robert Clarkson Tredgold, who was also Chief Justice of Southern Rhodesia; Oates after Frank Oates, explorer and naturalist who travelled extensively in southern central Africa in the 19th century; and Hervey after Hubert Hervey, adventurer, gentleman and soldier, who was killed in the Second Matabele War and buried in the Matopos.

Student body
The college admittance is based on strength of prior education and character of the applicant. Although the vast majority of students are Zimbabwean, others attend from neighbouring countries (Zambia, Botswana). Some scholarships are available to deserving students whose particular financial circumstances do not allow for the payment of school fees.

The house system
The school is based on a house system that is divided into six Houses; Founders, Hervey, Oates, Tredgold, George Grey and Chubb, each comprising the full range of year groups. Each house has a housemaster in charge who lives nearby. Each housemaster has a house Tutor and two assistant tutors, as well as other members of staff, who assist in duties. Boys can either go home, or (with parental permission) to friends or relatives on two Fixture Frees which last from break time on a Friday to dinner time on the following Monday. There is a Mid term Exeat which is a day longer. In addition, there are three floating exeats but these must be spent with parents.

Quiet Waters Conservation Scheme
The project began in 1986 and was officially opened in 1988. It consists of a Nature Reserve and Wilderness Area which cover 8.1 km2. Quiet Waters conserves indigenous fauna and flora, furthers the educational pursuits of the college and serves as a base for conservation education in other schools. It is also used for scientific research and provides recreational facilities for the college community and visitors.

Picnic sites are available for the use of day visitors within the Nature Reserve area, with four chalets which can be rented for overnight stays in the Wilderness area.

Animals which can be seen are kudu, zebra, giraffe, reedbuck, bushbuck, steenbok, tsessebe, impala, klipspringer, bushpig and warthog and the two species of jackal, while there are many smaller mammals which are not so easily seen, such as four species of mongoose.

List of Headmasters at Falcon

 * Frank Cary (1954–1955)
 * Ashley Gordon Brooker (1955–1959)
 * Hugh Cole (1959–1960)
 * Dougal Turner (1960–1984)
 * Neil Todd (1984–2000)
 * Gordon Macdonald (2000–2001)
 * Reginald W Querl (2001-2019)
 * Dave van Wyk (2020 - 2024)
 * Dave Kirkman (2024- to date

Notable alumni

 * Brendan Ashby, swimmer.
 * David Beresford, reporter.
 * Glen Bruk-Jackson, cricketer.
 * Christopher Cowdray, hotel executive.
 * David Curtis, rugby player.
 * Ethan Dube, cricketer.
 * Dion Ebrahim, cricketer.
 * Craig Evans, cricketer and rugby player.
 * Gavin Ewing, cricketer.
 * Neil Ferreira, cricketer.
 * Keith A.A. Fox, Duke of Edinburgh Professor of Cardiology, University of Edinburgh
 * Frederick Goldstein, cricketer, Rhodes Scholar
 * Sunu Gonera, film director and producer.
 * A. C. Grayling, CBE, philosopher.
 * Adam Huckle, cricketer.
 * Robert V. Jackson, politician, United Kingdom.
 * Stuart W. Jamieson, FRCS, cardiothoracic surgeon.
 * Gail Kelly, business person and banker (ex Staff).
 * Charlie Knaggs, OBE, Colonel, British Army.
 * Graham Lord, author, journalist and biographer.
 * Tafadzwa Madondo, cricketer.
 * Trevor Madondo, cricketer.
 * TJ Maguranyanga, rugby player.
 * Patrick Mavros, artist and founder of PatrickMavros luxury brand.
 * Keegan Meth, cricketer
 * Nhlanhlayamangwe Felix Ndiweni, Ndebele chief.
 * Jordane Nicolle, cricketer.
 * Mluleki Nkala, cricketer.
 * Stephen Peall, cricketer.
 * Nigel Pegram, actor.
 * Greg Rasmussen, naturalist and survivor featured in Jaws of Death.
 * Bryan Strang, cricketer.
 * Paul Strang, cricketer.
 * Heath Streak, cricketer.
 * Andy Waller, cricketer.
 * Brighton Watambwa, cricketer.
 * Andy Whittall, cricketer.
 * Guy Whittall, cricketer.
 * Sean Williams, cricketer.
 * Craig Wishart, cricketer.

title: Falcon College