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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Fathers' rights

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Keep. Rje 23:43, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)

Fathers' rights
This article is a lengthly non-NPOV screed (carefully couched so as to appear neutral) in support of a particular British antifeminist movement. The primary authors of the article have a history of reverting changes made with the intent of neutralizing the non-NPOV content. I see no hope that this article can easily be reduced to a form that will pass for NPOV, or that the individuals who are responsible for this state of affair will cease their non-NPOV-introducing edits. Hence, I recommend the deletion of this article. —Kelly Martin 19:54, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * If 'anti-feminist' means oppossing the view that children are women's property to do with as they please regardless of the father's wishes, then I am most definitely anti-feminist, but I haven't heard any feminist spokespeople express this view, presumably because they would in their hearts be ashamed to, though there are women in the family courts every day who actions support that view exactly. Matt Stan 07:47, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If the wording is so carefully couched as to appear neutral then how can one reasonably claim that it is not, and surely one needs to cite some evidence to support that view? And what can one do about text that is believed by some not to be neutral but appears so? Perhaps we have a new category of problem in wikipedia, something which is in fact expressed in NPOV terms that accord with wikipedia's policies but which some readers find offensive because it calls into question their deeply held prejudices. All I would say to them is, don't read it then, and go somewhere else where you can preserve your prejudices and ignorance intact, OK? Matt Stan 07:37, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * They read your mind. They can see that your secret intention is to be non-NPOV.  Therefore the text must be non-NPOV despite the lack of evidence.  Paul Beardsell 19:46, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'd like to see evidence of any reversions and who is alleged to be doing it. I've generally only added to the article, and corrected anomic contributions. Anything I delete, I put up on the talk page. I haven't noticed anyone else doing systematic reversions, and I have been a contributing to this page for a while. Matt Stan 23:39, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Author ought to be ashamed of himself for refusing to compromise or seek consensus; he instead insists that anyone who disagrees with what he's saying is simply 'uninformed'. Delete for reasons above. -Fennec (はさばくのきつね) 20:29, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I say that anyone who disagrees that I am informed is probably uninformed, unless of course they are better informed, in which case obviously I will yield. Matt Stan 21:50, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I sympathize with Kelly Martin & Fennec's exposition of the problem. However, the "fathers' rights" movement is a highly notable topic internationally, and Wikipedia articles are never just the product of one "author", but of the community. Revert POV edits back; if an editor violates the Three-revert rule, they are subject to blocking. There are other options for Dispute resolution, Page protection, etc. Has everything been tried? Samaritan 20:42, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I agree with Samaritan. Spinboy 20:44, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. What Samaritan said.  ElBenevolente 20:51, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Samaritan is channeling my thoughts. However, this article needs some serious cleanup. Just about every other sentence is an unsourced POV, making the article more of a rant than anything else. --Plek 21:04, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that the topic itself might be notable, but this article does not cover any of it. If you removed all the non-NPOV content, there would be nothing left.  Perhaps I should simply replace the entire screed with a brief stub? —Kelly Martin 21:42, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep The notable absence of any particular bits being cited as POV continues. Matt Stan 21:46, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Extremely notable subject. Nominator deserves censure.--Centauri 21:48, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth.  VfD is not cleanup.  GRider\talk  21:52, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. This is a strongly POV article with an unproductive editing process. Nonetheless, it is a notable topic. I suggest that Kelly Martin or other editors go forward with removing the considerable amount of un-referenced and POV material. It sounds like the real problem may be the originatig editor, rahter than the topic itself. -Willmcw 23:35, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I agree with Centauri, though the article clearly needs cleaning up (and possibly paring down). --Angr 23:53, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Shouldn't be deleted for POV problems any more than an abortion or Israeli-Palestinian article Philip 01:11, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable topic in several different contexts.  POV problems should be worked out through normal means.  The topic and title are not themselves inherently biased.  Comment:  I object strongly to Centauri's crack about censuring the nominator.  While I disagree with the nominator, the nomination was politely worded and fact-based.  This was an allowable question to put before the community.  Rossami (talk) 01:37, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but only if the article is almost entirely rewritten. As it stands, the article is hopelessly biased, and unworthy of inclusion in the Wikipedia. However the topic is important, and it would be nice to see an article that talked about the "Father's rights" movement as a particular reaction on the part of some British men to feminism. As it is, it's extremely parochical, assuming that the world revolves around the UK and is essentially just a rather tiresome tract for this movement. If the article is not fundamentally re-written, Strong Delete though this would be unfortunate, as the topic itself is a good one for an article in the Wikipedia.Zantastik 02:18, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but needs TLC. -Sean Curtin 03:13, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep if cleaned up. Agree with Samaritan, Sean Curtain, Plek, and particularly Zantastik, but especially with Rossami. This page (VfD) used to be mostly civil, with only the occasional flare-up. The last few months it seems to have almost daily personal attacks. Niteowlneils 04:58, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Article has serious POV issues, and some editors have difficulty abiding by the personal attacks policy.  Nevertheless, these are best addressed through reasoned discussion, requests for comment, peer review, and , not outright deletion.  The topic is valid and important, and wiping the article would just invite an edit war 'land grab'.  --TenOfAllTrades | Talk 05:20, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup, but censure all of the people above who feel the need to attack other people's motives in making VfD listings. RickK 06:15, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. ComCat.
 * Delete POV tirade. If cleaned up I cant see anything more than a stub out of this. PS I'm not a feminist either. Megan1967 07:17, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Overwhelmingly extreme keep. —RaD Man (talk) 08:32, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and Cleanup. The rights of fathers in divorce cases is a topical issue in many countries including the UK and Australia. We should make sure that the article is NPOV but we should follow the appropriate procedures. Capitalistroadster 09:33, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The content reflects my knowledge of the topic and is balanced and fair. To censor such an article would be reminiscent of Nazi book-burning. Kittybrewster
 * Comparing it to nazi book-burning is a bit exterme. Spinboy 16:40, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Why is that a bit extreme? It seems like a fair and accurate analogy to me.   GRider\talk 17:10, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Because we're not censoring content, the purpose is to solely ensure that it meets Wikipedia's NPOV policy. Spinboy 17:19, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * In which case could someone please indicate what is NPOV about it, bearing in mind the notes at http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Conflicting_Wikipedia_philosophies#Elusive_virtue and perhaps http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Extreme_article_deletion Matt Stan 19:40, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. LY 16:18, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The critics should contribute, not censor.  Paul Beardsell 19:36, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, watch the PoV (personally I think 90% of this issue is anti-feminist codswallop but WP has an article on Creationism too). Wyss 20:55, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep, but it needs an extreme cleanup to remove POV and original research. Jayjg (talk) 21:30, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. This very accurately reflects my knowledge having progressed through this system in an ultimately unsucessful attempt to maintain a relationship that can only be to my children's benefit. Just because the predominant viewpoint is that the system is unfair to fathers(and therefore children), doesn't necessarily make it anti feminist.  Fathers going through this process generally only want equality of care and status with the mothers, surely feminism is about equality, not the superiority of women over men? --DanDav 22:13, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I am very interested that perhaps one or several of the detractors, whom a UK Appeal Court judge has recently referred to as a "small group of obdurate women", might have surfaced in wikipedia, ostensibly on a NPOV tirade, though at least one of them has demanded the removal of all the facts from the article and no one here or elsewhere has identified specifically what it is about my and others' writings here that they find objectionable on whatever grounds. (I can only conclude they don't like my up-front style, which is why I maintain this is an ad hominem attack, rather than a genuine NPOV argument.) That is a pity, as I was hoping to hear expressed a reasoned set of counter-arguments to the fathers' rights cause. I imagine if anyone were to consult the leading sisters in the womens' movement they would be told to keep quiet and just hope that outlets like wikipedia don't get wide enough exposure to contribute significantly to the downfall of their, it can be reasoned, hitherto quite powerful clique. Has it not occurred to you that what is written in the article just might all be true, regardless of whether you like the people who wrote it? Matt Stan 07:27, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * KeepI agree, and I would like to warn people that it is ok if the Father's rights movement is anti-feminanist in so far that it seems, from their perspective, feminism is not about equality but in many cases becoming about promoting women at the cost of men's rights SO LONG as the article states that this is what these groups SAY/THINK, then that is NPOV. --ShaunMacPherson 17:46, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Shaun, I think you have misinterpreted the "anti-feminism" argument I have made in my earlier comments. My view is that the movement can only be regarded as anti-feminist if feminism is NOT about equality between men and women.   If feminism is only about this equality, then the fathers rights movement cannot be said to be anti-feminist as fathers are seeking only equality in care & status with mothers when it comes to their parenting.   I hope this makes this clearer? --DanDav 18:11, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Keep -- This article will always hold some bias to a degree. Longhair 07:10, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)


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Andy Souwer

Andy Souwer (born 9 November 1982) is a Dutch former kickboxer and mixed martial artist. He is a two-time K-1 World MAX champion (2005, 2007) and four-time Shootboxing World tournament champion as well as former It's Showtime 70MAX world champion, fighting out of Mejiro Gym in Amsterdam.

Biography and career
Souwer started kickboxing when he was 7 years old at Ling Ho Gym in Den Bosch. He had his first kickboxing fight when he was 8 years old. He won all his fights, in all the weight classes he fought and became Dutch Champion.

In 1998, only 16 years old, Souwer fought his first A-Class MTBN Title match, which he won on points. When he was 18 he had three different World titles.

Souwer first went to Japan in 2002 to compete in the S-Cup 2002 shoot boxing competition where he became the winner after defeating Chinese sanshou title challenger Zheng Yuhao. He made his K-1 debut the next year and won his first K-1 World Max champion title in 2005.

Andy Souwer is the 2007 K-1 World Max Champion. He defeated Gago Drago followed by Albert Kraus and finally Masato to win the championship. He faced Masato again in Masato's retirement match at the Dynamite!! 2009 event, and lost.

He was scheduled to face Naruepol Fairtex at Fighterzone Kickboxing World Series MAX in Singapore on 25 February 2012. However, they were not paid by the promoter and the fight did not happen.

He won the Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2012 in Tokyo, Japan on 17 November 2012 After beating Kem Sitsongpeenong by majority decision (29-29, 29-28, 30-28) at the quarter-final stage and knocking out Hiroki Shishido in the semis, he defeated stablemate and student Henri van Opstal by unanimous decision (30-29, 30-29, 30-28) in the final.

At the K-1 World MAX 2012 World Championship Tournament Final in Athens, Greece on 15 December 2012, Souwer outpointed Andy Ristie in the quarter-finals before losing a unanimous decision to Artur Kyshenko in the semis, in what was the fourth fight of their rivalry.

He lost to Dzhabar Askerov by split decision in the main event of Yokkao Extreme 2013 in Milan, Italy on 26 January 2013.

Souwer led a team of shoot boxers against a team of Pancrase fighters at Shoot Boxing 2013 - Act 4 on 23 June 2013. There was some controversy leading up to the event, with Souwer saying of the Pancrase representatives "in Holland, they are what we call B-level fighters" and Shoot Boxing founder and president Caesar Takeshi storming out of a pre-fight press conference, apparently so upset at Pancrase's disrespectful selection of opponents that he could no longer bear to be a part of the proceedings. Souwer knocked out his opponent, Kota Okazawa, with a left hook in round one.

Souwer was scheduled to fight Maximo Suarez at Enfusion Live: Tenerife in Tenerife, Spain on 13 July 2013 but withdrew for undisclosed reasons.

He took a unanimous decision over Yasuhiro Kido at the K-1 World MAX 2013 World Championship Tournament Final 16 in Mallorca, Spain on 14 September 2013.

He defeated Steve Moxon by unanimous decision at Shoot Boxing Battle Summit Ground Zero Tokyo 2013 in Tokyo, Japan on 15 November 2013.

He was scheduled to fight Enriko Kehl at the K-1 World MAX 2013 World Championship Tournament Quarter Finals - Part 1 in Foshan, China on 28 December 2013. However, he was unable to compete after suffering from a bout of appendicitis in the weeks prior to the event which forced him into hospital where they had to perform a routine but emergency surgical procedure to remove the troubled organ. His opponent, Kehl, was also unable to fight on the card after suffering numerous cuts in a fight with Buakaw earlier that month and was moved to K-1 World MAX 2013 World Championship Tournament Quarter Finals - Part 2 and matched with Shane Campbell.

Andy Souwer and Shemsi Beqiri were set to fight at SuperPro Fight Night VI in Basel, Switzerland on 25 January 2014 but Souwer withdrew due to his bout of appendicitis and was replaced by Foad Sadeghi.

He lost a split decision to Tsukuru Midorikawa at Rikix: No Kick, No Life 2014 in Tokyo, Japan on 11 February 2014.

Souwer made his professional boxing debut on 17 March 2014, winning by TKO after his opponent Paata Varduashvili retired in his corner at the end of the fourth round in Den Bosch, Netherlands.

He defeated Yuri Bessmertny via UD at Legend 3: Pour Homme in Milan, Italy on 5 April 2014.

Souwer announced his retirement following his loss to Marat Grigorian at ONE Championship: First Strike Kallang, Singapore on 15 October 2021.

Kickboxing

 * World Full Contact Association
 * 2010 W.F.C.A. World Thaiboxing Super Welterweight (-70 kg) Champion
 * It's Showtime
 * 2012 It's Showtime "70kg MAX" World Champion
 * K-1
 * K-1 World MAX 2009 Runner Up
 * K-1 World MAX 2007 Champion
 * K-1 World MAX 2006 Runner Up
 * K-1 World MAX 2005 Champion
 * A.R.D.D.D.
 * A.R.D.D.D. World Super welterweight Champion
 * F.I.M.C.
 * F.I.M.C. World Super welterweight Champion
 * World Professional Kickboxing Association
 * W.P.K.A. World Super welterweight Champion
 * International Sport Karate Association
 * I.S.K.A. World Super welterweight Champion
 * World Kickboxing Association
 * W.K.A. World Super welterweight Champion
 * World Muay Thai Association
 * W.M.T.A. World Super welterweight Champion

Shoot boxing

 * S-Cup
 * 2012 S-cup World Champion
 * 2008 S-cup World Champion
 * 2006 S-cup Runner Up
 * 2004 S-cup World Champion
 * 2002 S-cup World Champion
 * World Shoot Boxing Association
 * W.S.B.A. World Super Welterweight Champion

Kickboxing record
! style=background:white colspan=9 |Kickboxing Featherweight Grand Prix Quarter Final ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |For the Enfusion Live World -72.5 kg title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins W.F.C.A. World K-1 Junior Middleweight (-69.85 kg) Championship ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2012 title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins It's Showtime 70MAX World Title -70kg ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2012 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins Chahbari's W.F.C.A. World Thaiboxing Junior Middleweight (-69.85 kg) title ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Fight was for K-1 World MAX 2009 World Championship title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2009 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2008 Final 8. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2008 title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2008 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins K-1 World MAX 2007 World Championship title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2007 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Fight was for Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2006 title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Fight was for K-1 World MAX 2006 World Championship title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2006 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins K-1 World MAX 2005 World Championship title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Qualifies for K-1 World MAX 2005 Final. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2004 title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins vacant 1st Shoot Boxing World Super welterweight (-70 kg) title. ! colspan="8" style="background:white" |Wins Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2002 title.
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2021-10-15 || Loss || align="left" |🇦🇲 Marat Grigorian || ONE Championship: First Strike || Kallang, Singapore || TKO (Leg Injury) || 2 || 2:26
 * 2021-10-15 || Loss || align="left" |🇦🇲 Marat Grigorian || ONE Championship: First Strike || Kallang, Singapore || TKO (Leg Injury) || 2 || 2:26
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2020-12-04 || Win ||align=left|🇨🇳 Zhang Chunyu || ONE Championship: Big Bang || Kallang, Singapore || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2019-03-31 || Loss || align="left" |🇹🇭 Yodsanklai Fairtex || |ONE Championship 93: A New Era || Tokyo, Japan || TKO (Punches) || 2 || 0:51
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2018-10-06 || Loss ||align=left|🇳🇬 Anthony Njokuani|| ONE Championship: Kingdom of Heroes || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision (Split) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2018-02-17 || Loss ||align=left|🇹🇷 Tayfun Özcan || Enfusion Live 62 || Eindhoven, Netherlands || KO (Overhand Right) || 4 || 2:12
 * 2018-02-17 || Loss ||align=left|🇹🇷 Tayfun Özcan || Enfusion Live 62 || Eindhoven, Netherlands || KO (Overhand Right) || 4 || 2:12
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2016-11-11 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Miyakoshi Souichiro || Shootboxing 2016|| Tokyo, Japan || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2016-04-03 || Win ||align=left|🇲🇦 Mohamed Khamal || World Fighting League || Hoofddorp, Netherlands ||Decision(Unanimous) ||  3|| 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2016-01-23 || Win ||align=left|🇦🇷 Damian Segovia ||Golden Fight League || Rosario, Argentina || TKO (Arm Injury) || 1 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2015-12-01 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kuniyoshi Hironaka ||Shootboxing 30th Anniversary || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2015-09-16 || Loss ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hinata Watanabe || Rebels. 38 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="" bgcolor=""
 * 2015-08-22 || Ex ||align=left|🇯🇵 Caesar Takeshi || Shoot Boxing 30th Anniversary “Caesar Time!” || Ota, Tokyo, Japan || No Decision || 1 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2015-04-18 || Loss ||align=left|🇪🇸 Jonay Risco || Enfusion Live 27 || Tenerife, Spain || Decision(Extra Round) || 4 ||
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2015-04-04 || Win ||align=left|🇨🇳 Dong Wenfei || Wu Lin Feng || China || Decision (Unanimous)  || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2015-02-11 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hideya Tanaka || No Kick, No Life 2015 || Tokyo, Japan || KO (Left High Kick) || 3 || 0:11
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2015-01-03 || Loss ||align=left|🇹🇭 Sitthichai Sitsongpeenong || Kunlun Fight 15: The World MAX Return - Middleweight Tournament, Final || Nanjing, China || Decision(Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2015-01-03 || Win ||align=left|🇨🇳 Jiao Fukai || Kunlun Fight 15: The World MAX Return - Middleweight Tournament, Semi Finals || Nanjing, China || TKO (retirement) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-11-30 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kuniyoshi Hironaka || S-cup 2014 || Tokyo, Japan || TKO (second stoppage) || 3 || 0:32
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-11-23 || Win ||align=left|🇮🇷 Ardalan Sheikholeslami || Enfusion Live 22 || Groningen, Netherlands || TKO (punches) || 4 || 2:40
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-11-23 || Win ||align=left|🇮🇷 Ardalan Sheikholeslami || Enfusion Live 22 || Groningen, Netherlands || TKO (punches) || 4 || 2:40
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-10-18 || Win ||align=left|🇩🇪 Max Baumert || It's Fight Time || Darmstadt, Germany || TKO (Strikes) || 2 || 1:56
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2014-07-27 || Loss ||align=left|🇮🇹 Mustapha Haida || Kunlun Fight 7 - World MAX 2014 Final 16 || Zhoukou, China || Decision(Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-07-12 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Yasuhiro Kido || RISE 100 - Blade 0 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-04-05 || Win ||align=left|🇧🇾 Yuri Bessmertny || Legend 3: Pour Homme || Milan, Italy || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2014-02-11 || Loss ||align=left|🇯🇵 Tsukuru Midorikawa || Rikix: No Kick, No Life 2014 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (split) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2013-11-16 || Win ||align=left|🇦🇺 Steve Moxon || Shoot Boxing Battle Summit Ground Zero Tokyo 2013 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2013-09-14 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Yasuhiro Kido || K-1 World MAX 2013 World Championship Tournament Final 16 || Mallorca, Spain || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2013-06-23 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kota Okazawa || Shoot Boxing 2013 - Act 4 || Tokyo, Japan || KO (left hook) || 1 || 1:43
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2013-01-26 || Loss ||align=left|🇷🇺 Dzhabar Askerov || Yokkao Extreme 2013 || Milan, Italy || Decision (split) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2012-12-15 || Loss ||align=left|🇺🇦 Artur Kyshenko|| K-1 World MAX 2012 World Championship Tournament Final, Semi Finals || Athens, Greece || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-12-15 || Win ||align=left|🇸🇷 Andy Ristie|| K-1 World MAX 2012 World Championship Tournament Final, Quarter Finals || Athens, Greece || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-11-17 || Win ||align=left| Henri van Opstal || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2012, Final || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-11-17 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hiroki Shishido || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2012, Semi Finals || Tokyo, Japan || TKO (punches) || 1 || 2:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-11-17 || Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Kem Sitsongpeenong || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2012, Quarter Finals || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (majority) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-07-21 || Win ||align=left|🇪🇸 Zeben Diaz || It's Showtime 59 || Tenerife, Spain || Decision || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-06-30 || Win ||align=left| Chris Ngimbi || It's Showtime 57&58 || Brussels, Belgium || Decision || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-05-27 || Win ||align=left|🇪🇸 Abraham Roqueñi || K-1 World MAX 2012 World Championship Tournament Final 16, First Round || Madrid, Spain || Decision (2-1) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2012-04-13|| Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Satoru Suzuki || Road to S-Cup Act 2 || Tokyo, Japan || TKO (Strikes) || 4 || 1:09
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2011-11-06 || Win ||align=left|🇺🇸 Toby Imada || Shoot the Shooto 2011 || Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2011-09-24 || Loss ||align=left|🇺🇦 Artur Kyshenko || It's Showtime "Fast & Furious 70MAX", Semi Finals || Brussels, Belgium || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2011-09-24 || Win ||align=left|🇦🇲 Harut Grigorian || It's Showtime "Fast & Furious 70MAX", Quarter Finals || Brussels, Belgium || Ext. Round Decision (Split) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2011-04-23 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Yoshihiro Sato || Shootboxing 2011 Act 2 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (3-0) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2011-03-06 || Win ||align=left|🇲🇦 L'houcine Ouzgni || It's Showtime Sporthallen Zuid || Amsterdam, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2011-02-05 || Loss ||align=left|🇪🇸 Abraham Roqueñi || El Desafio K-1 Rules || Málaga, Spain || Decision(Decision) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2010-12-11 || Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Pajonsuk || Yiannis Evgenikos presents: It’s Showtime Athens || Athens, Greece || Decision (5-0) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2010-11-23 || Loss ||align=left|🇺🇸 Toby Imada || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2010, Semi-final || Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Split) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2010-11-23 || Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Bovy Sor Udomson || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2010, Quarter-final || Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan || KO (Right hook) || 3 || 0:47
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2010-09-18 || Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hinata Watanabe || Shoot Boxing "Ishin 4" || Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan || KO (Choke) || 1 || 0:48
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2010-01-30 || Win ||align=left|🇲🇦 Faldir Chahbari || Beast of the East || Zutphen, Netherlands || Decision || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2009-12-31 || Loss ||align=left|🇯🇵 Masato || Dynamite!! 2009 || Saitama (city), Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2009-10-26 || Loss ||align=left|🇮🇹 Giorgio Petrosyan || K-1 World MAX 2009 Final, Final || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2009-10-26 || Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Buakaw Banchamek || K-1 World MAX 2009 Final, Semi Finals || Yokohama, Japan || Ext. R Decision (Split) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2009-07-13 || Win ||align=left|🇺🇦 Artur Kyshenko || K-1 World MAX 2009 Final 8 || Tokyo, Japan || Ext. R Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2009-05-16 ||Win ||align=left|🇲🇦 Chaid Oulad El Hadj || It's Showtime 2009 Amsterdam || Amsterdam, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2009-04-21 ||Win ||align=left| Leroy Kaestner || K-1 World MAX 2009 Final 16 || Fukuoka, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2009-03-14 ||Loss ||align=left|🇮🇹 Giorgio Petrosyan || Oktagon presents: It's Showtime 2009 || Milan, Italy || Ext. R Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-11-24 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kenichi Ogata || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2008, Final || Saitama, Japan || KO (Left high kick) || 2 || 2:11
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-11-24 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hiroki Shishido || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2008, Semi Finals || Saitama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-11-24 ||Win ||align=left|🇪🇪 Edvin-Erik Kibus || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2008, Quarter Finals || Saitama, Japan || TKO (Ref. stop/2 knockdowns) || 1 || 2:44
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2008-10-01 ||Loss ||align=left|🇺🇦 Artur Kyshenko || K-1 World MAX 2008 Final, Semi Finals || Tokyo, Japan || Ext. R Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-07-07 ||Win ||align=left| Warren Stevelmans || K-1 World MAX 2008 Final 8 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-04-09 ||Win ||align=left| Mike Zambidis || K-1 World MAX 2008 Final 16 || Hiroshima, Japan || Ext.R KO (Left high kick) || 4 || 2:05
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2008-03-02 ||Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Yodsaenklai Fairtex || SLAMM "Nederland vs Thailand IV" || Almere, Netherlands || Ext.R Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-11-24 ||Win ||align=left| Nieky Holzken || Shootboxing in the Autotron || Rosmalen, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-10-28 ||Win ||align=left| Andy Ologun || Shoot Boxing Battle Summit "Ground Zero" || location?, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-10-03 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Masato || K-1 World MAX 2007 Final, Final || Tokyo, Japan || TKO (Corner stop) || 2 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-10-03 ||Win ||align=left| Albert Kraus || K-1 World MAX 2007 Final, Semi Finals || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Majority) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-10-03 ||Win ||align=left|🇦🇲 Gago Drago || K-1 World MAX 2007 Final, Quarter Finals || Tokyo, Japan || KO (Right hook) || 2 || 1:43
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-06-28 ||Win ||align=left| Ole Laursen || K-1 World MAX 2007 Final 16 || Tokyo, Japan || KO (Overhand Right) || 1 || 2:07
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-05-25 ||Win ||align=left|🇨🇳 Wei Shoulei || Shootboxing vs Sanda || Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-05-06 ||Win ||align=left| Joerie Mes || SLAMM "Nederland vs Thailand III" || Haarlem, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2007-04-04 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Yoshihiro Sato || K-1 World MAX 2007 World Elite Showcase || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2006-11-03 ||Loss ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kenichi Ogata || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2006, Final || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-11-03 ||Win ||align=left|🇦🇺 Daniel Dawson || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2006, Semi Finals || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-11-03 ||Win ||align=left|🇧🇷 Marfio Canoletti || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2006, Quarter Finals || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-09-04 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Takayuki Kohiruimaki || K-1 World MAX 2006 Champions' Challenge || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2006-06-30 ||Loss ||align=left|🇹🇭 Buakaw Por.Pramuk || K-1 World MAX 2006 Final, Final || Yokohama, Japan || TKO (Referee Stoppage) || 2 || 2:13
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-06-30 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Masato || K-1 World MAX 2006 Final, Semi Finals || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-06-30 ||Win ||align=left| Virgil Kalakoda || K-1 World MAX 2006 Final, Quarter Finals || Yokohama, Japan || TKO (Ref. stop/3 knockdowns) || 3 || 2:23
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-05-26 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Takashi Ono || Shootboxing: NEO OPOPOZ Series 3rd. || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-04-05 ||Win ||align=left| Tsogto Amara || K-1 World MAX 2006 World Tournament Open || Tokyo, Japan || Ext. R Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2006-02-25 ||Win ||align=left|🇰🇷 Pan-Soo Kim || K-1 Fighting Network KHAN 2006 in Busan || Busan, South Korea || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-11-25 ||Win ||align=left| Jadamba Narantungalag || Shootboxing: 20th Anniversary Series Final || location?, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-10-12 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kozo Takeda || K-1 World MAX 2005 Champions' Challenge || Tokyo, Japan ||  KO (Punches) || 2 || 0:31
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-07-20 ||Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Buakaw Por.Pramuk || K-1 World MAX 2005 Final, Final || Yokohama, Japan || 2 Ext. R Decision (Split) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-07-20 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Yasuhiro Kazuya || K-1 World MAX 2005 Final, Semi Finals || Yokohama, Japan || TKO (Doc stop) || 1 || 2:24
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-07-20 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Takayuki Kohiruimaki || K-1 World MAX 2005 Final, Quarter Finals || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2005-05-04 ||Win ||align=left|🇧🇷 Marfio Canoletti || K-1 World MAX 2005 Open || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#c5d2ea;"
 * 2005-03-26 ||Draw ||align=left|🇨🇻 Alviar Lima || East Side 4 || Amsterdam, Netherlands || Decision draw || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2004-11-05 ||Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Kuntap Weerasakreck || Shootboxing: Infinity-S Vol.5 || location?, Japan ||  KO (Punches) || 5 || 2:12
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2004-09-19 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hiroki Shishido || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2004, Final || Yokohama, Japan || TKO || 2 || 0:50
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2004-09-19 ||Win ||align=left|🇹🇭 Changpuek Chorsepasert || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2004, Semi Finals || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2004-09-19 ||Win ||align=left| Ole Laursen || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2004, Quarter Finals || Yokohama, Japan || KO (Punches) || 1 || 2:55
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2004-02-01 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hiroyuki Doi || Shoot boxing: Infinity-S Vol.1 || Japan || TKO || 4 || 1:11
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2003-11-18 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Takehiro Murahama || K-1 World MAX 2003 Champions' Challenge || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2003-09-23 ||Win ||align=left|🇺🇸 Carlos Condit || Shootboxing: "S" of the World Vol. 5 || location?, Japan || TKO (Low Kicks) || 5 || 2:43
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2003-07-05 ||Loss ||align=left| Albert Kraus || K-1 World MAX 2003 Final, Quarter Finals || Saitama, Japan || TKO (Doc stop) || 1 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2003-04-13 ||Win ||align=left|🇳🇿 Shane Chapman || Shootboxing: "S" of the World Vol. 2 || Tokyo, Japan || Ext. R Disq. (Low Blow) || 6 || 1:01
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-11-05 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Kenichi Ogata || Shootboxing: The Age of "S" Vol.5 || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-09-22 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Ryuji Goto || Shootboxing: The Age of "S" Vol.4 || location?, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-07-07 ||Win ||align=left|🇨🇳 Zheng Yuhao  ||Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2002, Final || Yokohama, Japan || Ext. R Decision (Majority) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-07-07 ||Win ||align=left|🇯🇵 Hiroyuki Doi || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2002, Semi Finals || Yokohama, Japan || KO (Punch) || 1 || 1:59
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-07-07 ||Win ||align=left|🇧🇷 Manoel Fonseca || Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2002, Quarter Finals || Yokohama, Japan || TKO (Ref Stop/2 Knockdowns) || 2 || 2:58
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2002-06-08 ||Loss ||align=left|🇲🇦 Najim Ettouhlali || Muay Thai Champions League VII || Rotterdam, Netherlands || TKO (Doctor Stoppage) || 4 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2002-02-17 ||Win ||align=left|🇲🇦 Najim Ettouhlali || WPKL Gala in Hogendorphal || Amsterdam, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2001-11-03 ||Win ||align=left| Abdel Bchiri || Gala in Breidushal || Amsterdam, Netherlands || KO || 1 ||
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2001-09-23 ||Win ||align=left|🇹🇷 Ozkan Kose || Battle of Arnhem III || Arnhem, Netherlands || Decision || 7 || 2:00
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2001-03-24 ||Win ||align=left| Chris van Venrooij || WKPL Gala || Maastricht, Netherlands || || ||
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2001-01-27 ||Win ||align=left|🇪🇸 Rafi Zouheir || Thaiboxing from Rabat || Rabat, Morocco || Decision || 5 || 3:00
 * - style="background:#fbb;"
 * 2000-06-04 ||Loss ||align=left| Stjepan Veselic || Night of Revenge || Haarlem, Netherlands || KO || 1 ||
 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 1999-02-07 ||Win ||align=left| Chris van Venrooij || Matter of Honor || Rotterdam, Netherlands || Decision || 5 || 3:00
 * colspan=9 | Legend:
 * colspan=9 | Legend:

Boxing record

 * - style="background:#cfc;"
 * 2014-03-17 || Win ||align=left| Paata Varduashvili || Theater aan de Parade || Den Bosch, Netherlands || TKO (retirement) || 4 || 3:00
 * colspan=9 | Legend:
 * colspan=9 | Legend:

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Andy Souwer


text: User talk:206.78.126.230

title: User talk:206.78.126.230


text:
Television in Ukraine

Television has a long history in Ukraine, where regular television broadcasting started during the Soviet years in 1951. However the first ever TV broadcast took place on 1 February 1939 in Kyiv. Since then TV broadcasting has expanded, particularly after the fall of Communism in 1989, and now there are many different channels and groups in the Ukrainian TV market.

History
The first official broadcast took place in Kyiv on 1 February 1939. It was 40 minutes long and showed the portrait of Sergo Ordzhonikidze. After being interrupted by World War II, on 6 November 1951, transmissions resumed when the Kyiv TV Studios were opened with a live broadcast of the patriotic movie "The Great Glow" - 6 November has since then been marked as the birthday of Ukrainian television. The next day the telecentre went on the air again celebrating the 34th anniversary of the October Revolution with a special live broadcast from central Kyiv, the first outdoor broadcasts in Ukrainian TV history.

On 1 May 1952, Labor Day, a live concert was aired on film (shot in the small and only pavilion of the studios known as "Studio B") starring Ukrainian singers, soloists of the Kyiv Taras Shevchenko Opera Theater. The anchorwoman of the concert was the Kyiv Telecentre's first announcer – Novella Serapionova. In 1953, the construction of the building of the Kyiv Telecentre on Khreshchatyk was completed, right after Moscow and Leningrad's broadcasting studios wereb oth completed. Regular programming started to go on air beginning November 1956. Until that year, the Kyiv TV Station went on air twice a day showing feature films or documentaries on a test basis. Live broadcasting was the only form of broadcasting during those early years from Kyiv, as well as relays from Moscow via Smolensk and Rostov-on-Don transmitters and film sent from there. Videotaped productions (save for news programming and special coverages that were aired live) became the usual form for many productions in the mid-1960s.

As a result of an ongoing expansion of broadcasts to other parts of Ukraine thru the building of remote studios and broadcast transmitters, it was needed for DerTelRadio - the State Committee of Radio and TV of Ukraine, operators of the TV service - to consider stating nationwide broadcasts, coupled with the future launch of satellite broadcasting. The long-awaited national channel signed on at last on January 20, 1965, under the name UT-1 (Ukrainian television-1), today Pershyi, while on March 6, 1972, a second channel, UT-2, signed on - on the basis of part of the original 1956 channel. The UT network switched to SECAM Colour in 1976, its 20th anniversary. In 1983, construction began on new broadcasting studios at 42 Melnyk Street, which opened after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1993.

After the Orange Revolution, Ukrainian television became more free. In February 2009 the National Council for Television and Radio Broadcasting claimed that "political pressure on mass media increased in recent times through amending laws and other normative acts to strengthen influence on mass media and regulatory bodies in this sphere".

As of January 2009, Ukrainian Prime Minister, Yulia Tymoshenko refused to appear in Inter TV-programmes "until journalists, management and owners of the TV channel stop destroying the freedom of speech and until they remember the essence of their profession - honesty, objectiveness, and unbiased stand".

In early March 2014, Ukraine-based TV channels were removed in Crimea ahead of the Russian annexation referendum. Later that month, the Ukrainian National Council for TV and Radio Broadcasting ordered measures against some Russian TV channels accused of broadcasting misleading information about Ukraine. In February 2015 the law "On protection information television and radio space of Ukraine," banned the showing (on Ukrainian television) of "audiovisual works" that contain "popularization, propaganda, any action of law enforcement agencies, armed forces, other military or security forces of an invader" was enacted. One year later Russian productions (on Ukrainian television) had decreased by 300 to 400 percent. 15 more Russian TV channels were banned in March 2016.

According to the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No.509 dated June 13, 2018, analogue broadcasting was disconnected on the territory of Kirovohrad Oblast and Kyiv from July 31, 2018. The date of the switch-off of analogue broadcasting on the rest of Ukraine is August 31, 2018

A Research & Branding Group February 2021 poll found that for the first time Ukrainians preferred the Internet as their primary news source instead of television (51% preferred the Internet and 41% TV).

Digital television
In 2007 and 2008, experimental DVB-T broadcasts of few channels started in Kyiv and Odesa. Those turned out to be successful. Yet the DTT National Program is not approved by the government, thus the process is stuck. Because there are two versions of the program submitted: from the Ministry of Transport and Communications as well as from the State Committee of Television and Radio, there is no particular progress in 2008.

On 26 November 2008, the National Program of the Ministry was approved, but the final version and the public announcement of this fact is still on hold. Current version of the program does not take into notice any kind of Government financing, and the budget is to be private only, which will highly affect the TV industry and commercial broadcasters.

Besides there are 3rd parties, such as Television Industry Committee and National Association of Broadcasters which represent the communities of National and regional broadcasters respectively. Both organizations help the switchover not to affect the business of over 20 National and over 150 regional broadcasters.

The International Forum 'Digital Broadcasting in Ukraine' is the annual event that takes place in Kyiv, Ukraine. Its mission is to gather the most of international consultants and Ukrainian specialists to solve industry's problems in the DTT field. In 2008 the 2nd International Forum took place in Kyiv also. BBC, Deloitte and the Ministry of Communications of Finland representatives share the vision of possible plan of DTT implementation in Ukraine, delivering the best experiences from UK, Finland, France and US. Still none was taken into notice yet. It is now confirmed that Ukraine's national terrestrial TV network, which is scheduled to be launched in September 2011, will use the DVB-T2 standard for all four nationwide FTA multiplexes, for both SD and HD broadcasts. Before settling for DVB-T2, Ukraine was testing both DVB-T/MPEG-2 and DVB-T/MPEG-4 options, and some experimental transmitters operating in those standards are still alive.

Other technologies
Commercial MMDS digital TV services work in Kyiv and some other cities.

DVB-C services delivering premium channels (in addition to standard analogue channels) launched in cable networks of Kyiv, Odesa, Kremenchuk, Poltava, Donetsk and some other cities.

Broadcasting
As of February 2019, television broadcasting in Ukraine is available in a colour digital format, via:

 * digital TV
 * satellite TV
 * cable television (Volia, regional operators)
 * online services and IPTV (the most famous ones are Divan TV, Sweet TV, MEGOGO, Handy TV)

There is a choice between several free-to-air commercial broadcasters as well as the public broadcaster, the Suspilne. In addition to its metropolitan asset, Pershyi and an art station, Suspilne Kultura, the Suspilne also owns regional stations in all regions of Ukraine. A national parliamentary channel, Rada, is available too.

Commercial television is dominated by three major broadcasters: 1+1 media, StarLightMedia and Inter Media Group, which is the smallest Ukrainian major broadcaster. One of the main Ukrainian news channels, Channel 5, belongs to a former president of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko.

Regional television in Ukraine consists primarily of independently owned networks not affiliated with major broadcasters in each region.

Subscription television consists of various providers. The largest providers are Kyivstar, Viasat and Volia. In remote areas, there are many small independent providers that provide either satellite or cable television services.

Community television launched in mid-2010s to broadcast Euromaidan protests. As of 2019, the sector is represented by Hromadske.tv which is an Internet television station.

Satellite and cable

 * English Club TV
 * Music Box UA
 * 8 channel
 * EU Music
 * 4ever Music
 * BoutiqueTV
 * Eko-TV
 * Milady Television
 * Malyatko TV
 * Pershyi Avtomobilny Channel
 * Pershyi Dilovyi Channel
 * Telekanal 24
 * CHP.Info
 * Nadiya (Hope Channel Ukraine)
 * Sonce TV
 * PORT-MONE TV
 * CNL Ukraine
 * Discovery Channel Ukraine
 * TLC Ukraine
 * National Geographic Channel Ukraine
 * Da Vinci Learning Ukraine
 * Deutsche Welle

Local

 * Kyiv TV
 * Typovyi Kyiv
 * Lviv-TV
 * Black Sea TV
 * ATR
 * Lale
 * Glas TV Odesa

International

 * 1+1 International
 * Inter+
 * FreeDom
 * Kvartal TV International

Criticism
Some political and public activists criticize Ukrainian television, mainly some national channels, for broadcasting large amounts of content of Russian origin. According to calculations of Boycott Russian Films activists, in September 2014 the amount of Russian productions on the leading Ukrainian channels ("Ukrayina", "ICTV", "NTN", "Novyi Kanal", "Inter", "STB", "2+2", "TET", "K1", "1+1") was approximately 40%. In October and December activists noticed increasing of amounts of Russian content on these channels, then Ukraine was at war with Russia.

Also activists criticise Ukrainian channels for their language policy. In October 2014 activists have published statistics on content language on Ukrainian channels. According to them, at the time 29% was completely Ukrainian language content, 39.3% completely Russian language content, 23.5% Russian language content with Ukrainian subtitles, and 8.2% bilingual content (both Ukrainian and Russian).

2019 Ukrainian presidential election
During the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election, various Ukrainian television channels supported a candidate for President of Ukraine.

Five groups supported Poroshenko:

Petro Poroshenko's Channel 5 and Pryamiy supported Poroshenko and were very critical of Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Yulia Tymoshenko.

Dmytro Firtash's very powerful Inter supported Yuriy Boyko and Poroshenko.

Rinat Akhmetov's TRK Ukraina, which is owned by Akhmetov's System Capital Management Holdings, supported Poroshenko, Oleh Lyashko, and Oleksandr Vilkul. Akhmetov's Opposition Bloc nominated Vilkul.

Viktor Medvedchuk's Channel 112 and Yevheniy Murayev's NewsOne supported Poroshenko, Lyashko, and Boyko. Medvedchuk's Opposition Platform — For Life nominated Boyko. The godfather of Medvedchuk's daughter is Vladimir Putin.

Petro Dyminskyi's ZIK supported Poroshenko's allies allowing them to explain their story while they were under investigation.

Three TV groups were very critical of Poroshenko:

Ihor Kolomoisky's 1+1 media group supported Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Kolomoisky and Zelenskyy are business partners.

Andriy Sadovyi's Channel 24, supported Anatoliy Hrytsenko and opposed Poroshenko.

Yevheniy Murayev's Nash TV supported Vilkul and was against Poroshenko but neutral to Tymoshenko and Lyashko.

Under the state-owned National Public Broadcasting Company, UA:Pershyi was critical of Poroshenko.

Victor Pinchuk's ICTV, Novyi Kanal and STB were neutral.

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Since the start of the invasion on 24 February 2022, most Ukrainian television channels switched over to the signal of Rada TV. The channel was made state-owned at the end of 2021. Following 26 February 2022, the four biggest broadcasters including the TV channels 1+1, 2+2, 24 Kanal, and TRC Ukraina began broadcasting a 24/7 united newscast called United News (Єдині новини) that is produced in turn by the various channels and amended with official information by governmental agencies to "objectively and promptly provide comprehensive information from different regions of the country 24/7".

title: Television in Ukraine


text:
Takayuki Suzuki

Takayuki Suzuki (鈴木 隆行) is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a forward. He made over 50 appearances for the Japan national team and he played professionally for two decades in Japan, Brazil, Belgium, Serbia and the United States.

Club career
Suzuki has spent the majority of his playing career with Kashima Antlers, playing six stints for the team over the course of ten years, in between short periods playing in Brazil and Belgium. Suzuki played 87 games in the J1 League for Kashima, scoring 17 goals, and helping the team win the J1 Championship in 1996, 1998, 2000 and 2001.

Takayuki Suzuki had not scored for 1790 minutes/46 games consecutive, until he scored a goal against RSC Anderlecht in September 2003.

On 28 January 2006, Suzuki signed with Red Star Belgrade during the 2005–06 season winter break at the period Toyota was the main sponsor of the club. However, Suzuki's time in Serbia was a disappointment and his move back to J1 League to join Yokohama F. Marinos was announced on 19 January 2007.

On 28 March 2008, it was revealed that he signed a one-year contract with Portland Timbers of the USL First Division, joining on a free transfer.

On 8 June 2011, Suzuki agreed to join J2 League side Mito HollyHock. With the club and city in financial difficult following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, he promised to play for free in the 2011 season.

After one season with JEF United Chiba, he announced his retirement from football at the age of 39.

International career
Suzuki made his international debut for Japan national team in 2001, and scored his first international goal on 2 June 2001, in a 2001 Confederations Cup game against Cameroon.

He played all four of Japan's games at the 2002 World Cup on home soil, starting the first three and scoring in the 2–2 tie against Belgium; Japan were eliminated in the round of 16 following a 1–0 defeat to Turkey.

He was also part of the Japanese team which won the 2004 Asian Cup. He played 55 games and scored 11 goals for Japan until 2005.

Honours
Kashima Antlers
 * J1 League: 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001

Genk
 * Belgian Supercup runner-up: 2002

Red Star Belgrade
 * Serbian Superliga: 2005–06, 2006–07
 * Serbian Cup: 2006–07

Portland Timbers
 * USL First Division Commissioner's Cup: 2009

Japan
 * AFC Asian Cup: 2004
 * FIFA Confederations Cup runner-up: 2001

Individual
 * FIFA Confederations Cup Silver Shoe: 2001

Trivia

 * Takayuki Suzuki is featured on the 2001 PlayStation 2 game cover "Jikkyou J-League Perfect Striker 4" together with Shunsuke Nakamura and Atsuhiro Miura

title: Takayuki Suzuki


text: Category:Gardens in Buckinghamshire

title: Category:Gardens in Buckinghamshire


text:
Talk:Diamond Jenness

Note from article creator
I created this page (my first contribution) that has been marked for cleanup. I am probably not competant to fix it up but I thought I should mention that it should probably link back to the Dorset culture page which is where I first found the create page link. I neglected to make reference to it.

Unsourced information
There are quite a few statements that need sourcing, a number of which I noted in the article. Per the Wikipedia policy of No Original Research, it would be good if sources could be added.TimidGuy (talk) 20:32, 22 January 2022 (UTC)
 * This has now been addressed.TimidGuy (talk) 22:16, 3 March 2022 (UTC)

Neutral point of view
The section on cultural genocide relies on 6 pages in Stevenson’s book, and exclusively criticizes Jennness. Stevenson, however, appears to be a bit more nuanced, also presenting positive statements about the subject. Wikipedia’s central policy of Neutral Point of View would suggest a little more balance in the representation of Stevenson’s perspective.TimidGuy (talk) 20:32, 22 January 2022 (UTC)
 * The new material effectively addresses this concern and is in compliance with policy.TimidGuy (talk) 22:18, 3 March 2022 (UTC)

Accusation of “cultural genocide"
This section of the article uses the term “cultural genocide,” which is quite harsh. The source for this section is Stevenson, but I don’t see where she uses that term. Per Wikipedia’s policy on Neutral Point of View, it may be good to use a more neutral term.TimidGuy (talk) 20:32, 22 January 2022 (UTC)

Date of Retirement descrepancy
Noticed descrepancy regarding Jenness's date of retirement. de Laguna states "official retirement from the Intelligence Service and from the museum came in 1947" (p.250); Collins & Taylor also states his year of retirement as 1947 (p.77); Jenness and Jenness, however, states it was October 8, 1948, and describes his responsibilities that year, adding in footnote that his actual employment termination wasn't until April 7, 1949 due to 6 months retirement leave (p.202).

As the last source offers the most detailed retirement date and duties served up until that time (and in footnote cites the actual file of minutes of Treasury Board's Meeting (27 April, 1949) regarding the decision on Diamond's monthly superannuation amount), perhaps this source should be considered the definitive one. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mgmontgo (talk • contribs) 17:11, 26 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes, I think it would be considered the definitive source for resolving the differing dates. Thanks for your work on this article.TimidGuy (talk) 21:08, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Diamond Jenness


text:
Talk:Piano Concerto No. 2 (Brahms)

Star Wars comment
I've removed the following:

 * The first movement in particular has a very martial, triumphant character, and reminds one a bit of the music to the Star Wars movies.

It's the Star Wars comparison that bothers me. It's really just an opinion. I'm sure we all have ideas what the movement sounds like (I know I do), but we can't really put them all in the article. If we could say "Eduard Hanslick considered the first movement to be reminiscent of John Williams' score for Star Wars" then that would be different, but I don't think he held that opinion, and until we find a quotable commentator who does, I think it's best out of the article. --Camembert

You are correct sir.

 * Thanks for removal of that line...sounds like POV as I have listened to this piece every day during my work and I have never thought of it as Star wars.-- Seadog ♪ 00:19, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

Premiere
While reading I noticed it said it was first performed in Budapest. Does any body have any references for that? Just asking because I have never read that. — Seadog (Talk)  16:57, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

Four movements
I reverted an edit where the contributor removed the mention of the specialness of the four-movement form with the following reason: ''most of the concertos are built in the classical form, which is four movements- classical style. It is wrong to say that most concertos are in three movements''. I don't agree. While the typcial four-movement form applied to symphonies, sonatas and chamber music it had not yet been applied to concertos. The concertos of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Weber, Mendelssohn & Schumann all had three movements. The earlier concertos of Bach and his children (JC and CPE) also had three movements (with Brandenburg #1 being the only exception I can think of -- and with the minuet being placed fourth instead of in the middle like in classical four-movement form. I think its worth mentioning the extra movement that Brahms wrote into the work.  DavidRF 14:02, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Interpretations - There is no recording of this piece from 1953 by Backhaus and Bohm. He recorded it in 1939 with Bohm for German HMV and in May 1952 for Decca with the Wiener Philharmoniker and Carl Schuricht (see Philips 456 718-2). I would suggest the addition of the Solomon recording, which seems to have been the last really good performance of the piece to have ben recorded on 78s.Dalcross72 (talk) 23:46, 18 March 2015 (UTC)

I don't know the best way to go about this, but I think it would be quite appropriate, in discussing the form, to mention the extensive cello solos in the third movement. ```brahmsianrigor

Copyright violation
I reverted an edit which added discussion for each of the movements. It was copied verbatim from here: []. DavidRF 03:15, 28 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Good job catching that. Arjun 18:53, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

Notable interpretations
for every notable interpretation, there needs to be a reference explaining why it is notable. Please!--99.233.126.97 (talk) 15:50, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

Yes, but then you become subjective, not objective... Mathpianist93 (talk) 21:28, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Where is Zimerman and Bernstein in their legendary recording?!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.6.161.193 (talk) 08:30, 1 April 2010 (UTC)

Major changes
I have heavily revised this article. PLEASE format the citations, because I don't know how to do so. The description of the movements is now just that; it is not a heavily detailed analysis anymore. Mathpianist93 (talk) 03:37, 22 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi there.. Thanks for your substantial cleanup of this article. It is quite a lot more legible. Regarding http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de and http://www.ivanmoravec.net links cited, these are tertiary sources, secondary at best. I haven't touched these references, because I hope that there are better ones out there somewhere...? --Blehfu (talk) 04:09, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

I must thank the person that formatted the citations; you did a good job. Mathpianist93 (talk) 01:12, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

Is 2nd movement indeed in ternary form?
Is it not written in sonata form? Please correct me if I'm wrong.

Mozart Influence?
Anyone beside me notice a similarity between the finale of Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 27 and this concerto's finale? Raaronson (talk) 12:37, 17 April 2018 (UTC)

Not sure what is meant
In the Description section:The main theme is introduced by the horn solo, with the piano interceding.

I'd make the change, but I don't know what the editor meant. To intercede is to intervene on behalf of another. Presumably not what the piano is doing here. MarkinBoston (talk) 16:45, 25 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Piano Concerto No. 2 (Brahms)


text:
Georgslied

The Georgslied (Song of St. George) is a set of poems and hymns to Saint George in Old High German.

Its likely origin is Saint George's Abbey on the Reichenau monastic island on Lake Constance in Germany, which was founded in 888 and was an important center for the veneration of Saint George. Georgslied was composed towards the end of the 9th century and was partially transcribed by around 1000.

The poem in 57 or so verses is found in the Heidelberg manuscript, which also contains one of the texts of the Evangelienbuch of Otfrid of Weissenburg (to whom it was formerly attributed). The partial transcription by a scribe named Wisolf ran into difficulties and he ended with the words: "nequeo Vuisolf" ("I am unable. Wisolf"). There is no indication of whether Wisolf was writing down an oral text or whether he was copying an earlier written version.

title: Georgslied


title: User:Roo72


text:
Talk:Pilot licences

Pilot licences/licenses
I noticed you had renamed these pages to the British spelling, and made some other edits. I admit I had terminology problems creating this group of pages, much of which I inherited, and did consider breaking them up into separate pages for the different detailed requirements of English-speaking nations, but that didn't seem right given the amount of material available. I did also strongly consider renaming the articles "xxx certificate", but that would not have been right in countries other than the US (in the US people often say license, but they are correctly certificates, and there is a legal distinction between the terms).

My wish was that pages would have a generic introduction and then country-specific details but they haven't really separated out that cleanly. I have no idea what the requirements are for the CAA Commercial either.

Incidentally, I'm British myself and I do recognize the annoyance caused by the difference in spelling. But "licence" and "aeroplane" are simply wrong in American English.

I don't want to be too combative, but consider:
 * 1) The plurality of pilot licenses/certificates are US certificates (650,000 with Private or higher).
 * 2) You put the British spelling, and the term "driving licence" in paragraphs that refer uniquely to American certifications, most notably the Sport Pilot. That just looks wrong.
 * 3) You changed "airplane" to "aeroplane", again in contexts that purely talk about American requirements.

Incidentally, you didn't change everything (look at the 4th word of Commercial Pilot Licence) and there are still some bizarre spellings of "privileges" inherited; I usually spellcheck long articles so I don't know how they got missed.
 * On second thought, I think Lommer created the "privileges" mis-spellings after my last edit.

I don't want to revert without debate, so I'd like to understand your motivations. Is it time to create separate pages for each national system? (US, Canadian, and UK anyway: the Aussies and Kiwis haven't chimed in yet).

Finally, I thought I remember seeing a style guide that "U.S." is preferred to "US" when used adjectivally, but can't remember it. Are you sure "US" is preferred? David Brooks 07:46, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It seemed odd to have an article called "pilot licenses" and then mention right at the start that they are called either "pilot licences" or "pilot certificates". That was my motivation in changing it. It just seemed more sensible to move the page to "pilot licences". Having done that, and preferred British English over American English, the rest followed.

 * After reading your comments, and on reflection, I think perhaps this is one of the few pages where Canadian English is best. I think this would restore "airplane" and "driver's licence", though I may be wrong, and leave the spelling "licence" intact. For the bits I didn't change - apologies, that was an error on my part.

 * I don't like the stops in U.S. and U.K. from an aesthetic point of view. The only argument stated in favour of them on WP:MOS is that "U.S." is easier to search for than "US", but this appears to be a fallacy, so I go for the prettier form I see in the newspapers everyday (and when copyediting, I just find it easier to convert everything to a form I'm familiar with). Kind regards, jguk 20:00, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Reorganization proposal
When recasting this group of articles I intended to write an introduction that was fairly culture neutral, but I got behind the airplane (as I did in my lesson today, ouch). I propose the following restructuring. It's partly driven by the almost trivial desire to smooth over the license/licence ugliness, but also because it's a chance to do what I think is the right thing. I'll leave this here for comments. What I propose is a fairly simple cut-and-paste, but it may leave the door open for too much fragmentation. Comments welcome.

New articles

 * Pilot licencing and certification : A general introduction to the topic, avoiding anything that is country-specific. Introduces that each country recognizes, at least, Private, Commercial, ATP, and Instrument certifications, for specific categories of aircraft. A general idea about what each level lets you do. Add a note that even the FAA is ambiguous about the term license or certificate.
 * Pilot certification in the US: The "training" and "certification" sections of the current Pilot Licences article. Points to some of the below.
 * Pilot licencing in Canada : The "training" and "certification" sections of the current Pilot Licences article. I'll leave it to others whether to break out articles like "Private Pilot Licence in Canada"
 * Pilot licencing in the United Kingdom : A stub. I'll leave it to others whether to break out articles like Private Pilot Licence in the UK
 * Sport Pilot Certificate : Unchanged, except to explain it is currently US only
 * Private Pilot Certificate in the US: New name for the existing Private Pilot Licence, with minor edits.
 * Commercial Pilot Certificate in the US : New name for the existing Commercial Pilot Licence, with minor edits.
 * Instrument rating in the US : New name for the existing Instrument rating

Potential other articles
This could lead to a plethora of other articles: Private/Commercial/ATP/IMC ratings in UK/Canada/Australia/New Zealand. Does this multiply out too much?

Redirects
David Brooks 04:53, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Pilot Licences and Pilot Licenses redirect to Pilot licencing and certification
 * Commercial Pilot Licence will be a stub pointing to the country-specific articles, and Commercial Pilot License and Commercial Pilot Certificate will redirect to it
 * Private Pilot Licence will be a stub pointing to the country-specific articles, and Private Pilot License, PPL and Private Pilot Certificate will redirect to it

Verb form
On re-reading this, I realized the error I had made on this talk page, but not in the articles themselves. The verb form is licensing in both US and Commonwealth English David Brooks 17:02, 15 May 2005 (UTC).

Comments

 * I think the above sounds reasonable - though the form of English used needs to be decided if the articles are going to look OK. From a UK perspective - we would refer to a pilot's licence, and pilot licensing. Americans go for pilot certificates and pilot certification, so their spelling of "license" is unnecessary. Clearly for the country-specific articles, the form of English can be consistent with that used in the country under discussion.
 * (above was by Jguk) Two comments on that. First, in the various discussions of the MoS you seemed to agree with the "first come first served" policy when writing about a topic that is not about a specific locality, as the Pilot License articles were until last week. So I still don't understand your original changes. Second, I had a shot at the first (overview) article last night, and it's awkward to avoid the word. The attempt at culture-neutrality hobbles the writing style, just like trying to write a sentence without the letter T. It shouldn't be the primary determining factor on what we write. So I'm still a little stuck. David Brooks 21:38, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Incidentally, the Manual of Style says "When referring to the United States, please use "U.S."; that is the more common style in that country, is easier to search for automatically, and we want one uniform style on this." Chicago MoS seems to agree. I intend to change back to the MoS version. David Brooks 18:03, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The MOS merely states a preference - most articles written about non-US subjects pay no regard to it. Also, I have a feeling that this guidance in the MOS will get replaced shortly. There are moves afoot to change the MOS so that it permits any standard form of English to be used, as long as it is used consistently - and if an article is based on a topic particular to one part of the English-speaking world, a form of standard English used in that English-speaking world is used instead. After all, most Wikipedians think that's what the Wikipedia style is anyway.
 * I read all the MoS comments. I too thought that was policy already. David Brooks

 * In summary - use "U.S." in articles about American pilot certificates (although "United States" may be preferable), and use "US" otherwise, jguk 18:56, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Just chiming in with my comments overall - I think that breaking this up into multiple articles is a great idea - one overview article and multiple country-specific articles. That will clear up a lot of language issues and I think makes more sense overall. I don't really support breaking down into articles that are country and licence-specific (i.e. private pilot licencing in the U.S.) as I think that's too fragmentary and good writing style should be able to cram most country-specific licence info into one article. However, I am willing to go with it if others think it's neccesary/easier. In all, I fully support this move and I think it'll be cleaner, more focused, and better for wikipedia overall. -Lommer | talk 03:10, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * P.S. - I support using "U.S." over "US", and I think the MoS does hold significant precedent. My vote is to have it with the periods. -Lommer | talk 03:10, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, my half-shilling: U.S. is preferable -- just my opinion as a newbie. Other: Is there an ICAO standard meaning for "license" (i.e., approved) and "certificate" (i.e., trained)? I know my Italian textbook was called "La Licenza Del Pilota Privato," and you could get a "brevetto" for different "categorie" of machines.  Lupinelawyer 05:22, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I just uploaded a massive change (23 articles). This page became a redirect so you may have trouble finding it :-) David Brooks 07:43, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pilot licences


text:
Category:National Trust properties in England

Properties in England owned by the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty.


text:
Island-class patrol boat

The Island-class patrol boat is a class of cutters of the United States Coast Guard. 49 cutters of the class were built, of which 3 remain in commission. Their hull numbers are WPB-1301 through WPB-1349.

Overview
The 110 ft Island-class patrol boats are a U.S. Coast Guard modification of a highly successful British-designed Vosper Thornycroft patrol boat built for Qatar, Abu Dhabi, and Singapore. With excellent range and seakeeping capabilities, the Island class, all named after U.S. islands, replaced the older 95 ft Cape-class cutters. These cutters are equipped with advanced electronics and navigation equipment, and are used in support of the Coast Guard's maritime homeland security, migrant interdiction, drug interdiction, defense operations, fisheries enforcement, and search and rescue missions. The cutters have 10 tons worth of space and weight reservations for additional weapons.

The 58 ordered Sentinel-class cutters, selected under the Fast Response Cutter (FRC) program, are slated to replace the Island class. Six Island class cutters (USCGC Adak, Aquidneck, Baranof, Maui, Monomoy, and Wrangell) were stationed in Manama, Bahrain, as a part of Patrol Forces Southwest Asia to provide the Navy's Fifth Fleet with combat ready assets but all have been replaced by Fast Response Cutters.

Conversion problems
As built, these vessels were all 110 ft in length. In 2002 as part of the Integrated Deepwater System Program, the Coast Guard began refitting some of these vessels, adding 13 ft to the stern to make room for a high-speed stern launching ramp, and replacing the superstructure so that these vessels had enough room to accommodate mixed-gender crews. The refit added about 15 tons to the vessel's displacement, and reduced its maximum speed by approximately one knot. The eight cutters modified were;
 * USCGC Matagorda (WPB-1303)
 * USCGC Attu (WPB-1317)
 * USCGC Metompkin (WPB-1325)
 * USCGC Padre (WPB-1328)
 * USCGC Manitou (WPB-1302)
 * USCGC Monhegan (WPB-1305)
 * USCGC Nunivak (WPB-1306)
 * USCGC Vashon (WPB-1308)

In 2005, then-Coast Guard Commandant Admiral Thomas H. Collins made the decision to stop the contractor's conversion at eight hulls when sea trials revealed intractable structural flaws.

In August 2006, a Lockheed Martin engineer went public with allegations that the company and the Coast Guard were ignoring serious security flaws in the refitting project, and that they were likely to repeat the same mistakes on similar projects. The flaws included blind spots in watch cameras, FLIR equipment not suitable for operating under extreme temperatures, and the use of non-shielded cables in secure communications systems, a violation of TEMPEST standards.

In late November 2006 all eight of the 123 ft WPBs were taken out of service due to debilitating problems with their lengthened hulls – all eight hulls were cracking when driven at high speed in heavy seas. These as well as other issues – such as C4ISR problems – drove the program $60 million over budget, triple the original bid for the eight boats converted. The 41 unmodified 110s are now being pressed harder to take up the slack. The eight modified were moved to the United States Coast Guard Yard and moored in Arundel Cove.

Transfers to foreign operators
The U.S. Coast Guard has transferred several ships to foreign navies and coast guards via the Defense Security Cooperation Agency's Office of International Acquisition's Excess Defense Articles Program (EDA).

In May 2023, the United States government pledged to provide the Philippines at least two Island-class patrol vessels which was agreed by both sides, as it was offered alongside two Marine Protector-class patrol boats and three Lockheed C-130H Hercules aircraft during President Bongbong Marcos' visit to Washington D.C. The recipient of the transferred vessels will be the Philippine Navy.

Operators

 * United States Coast Guard
 * Georgian Coast Guard – two ships via EDA in September 2016
 * Pakistan Maritime Security Agency – two ships via EDA in 2016
 * Costa Rican Coast Guard – two ships via EDA in 2017
 * Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – purchased former USCGC Block Island and Pea Island, June 2015, and Bainbridge Island, November 2017.
 * Ukrainian Navy – five acquired from the USCG
 * Hellenic Navy – four ships via EDA in 2023

title: Island-class patrol boat


text:
Staple remover

A staple remover (also known as a destapler) is a device that allows for the quick removal of a staple from a material without causing damage. The best-known form of staple remover, designed for light-gauge staples, consists of two opposing, pivot-mounted pairs of thin, steep wedges and a spring that returns the device to the open position after use. Although a simple metal wedge can be used for the same purpose, and although some staplers (especially small ones about 1.5 in long) feature such a wedge at their hinge end, use of the wedge tends to tear fragile papers.

Use
Proper use of the opposing wedge staple remover is debated; the two major methods are described below.

Original method
The user clips the front flat side of the staple, forcing the folded tabs on the reverse side to open and pull through the entry holes. Although this method is quick, it may tear the paper during removal.

The inventor of the original staple remover, William G. Pankonin, illustrates this method of removal in US Patent Number 2033050.

"Safe" method

The following method reduces the risk of damage to the paper sheets being separated, albeit at some cost to speed and associated time efficiency:

 * 1) Turn the paper over to the side of the paper (usually the back) over which the staple's prongs have been folded.
 * 2) Use each opposed pair of tines to clip one of the prongs, re-straightening them and in the process raising them from the paper.
 * 3) Turn the paper back over to the front side against which the main body of the staple has been pressed.
 * 4) Gently slide the tines on one side of the remover under the main body of the staple and press the remover's halves together until you have a firm hold on the staple.
 * 5) Continuing to maintain a firm hold on the staple, pull the entire staple gently out of the paper.

Proper for pen style remover:
 * 1) The metal tip should be placed just beneath the front side of the staple
 * 2) Press the blade up and away from yourself to remove the staple from the papers

Design
The design is focused on functionality and robustness with no unnecessary decoration (unless one includes the ergonomics of the handle) and minimised number of parts to lower costs and production time. The device works with a pincer action to unfold and pull out a staple in one motion.

Blades
The two pivoting blades interlock each other. They are made of chrome-plated steel, which is harder than the thin ductile wire of the staple and strong enough to withstand the force required to remove it. The chrome plating provides a mild rust-resistance suitable for use in an office environment away from any liquids. Though the blade is made from what was originally sheet metal, the right angles and clean edges mean that a punch and die method of production would not be suitable. Therefore, the piece of sheet metal is cut using the process of blanking in a mechanical press, then bent in a press brake. This is a highly automated method which allows for a production rate of up to 1,500 units per minute.

Torsion springs
The torsion spring in this staple remover is a standardised component that appears in many other products, such as clothes pegs. It has two loops. The spring is made of chrome-plated steel, which is used because there is a point of minimum stress where continued use (opening and closing the staple remover) will not cause failure through fatigue. They are mass-produced by a spring winding machine which cold winds wire around an arbour before heat treating to make it harder. The spring is then chrome plated. The machinery to do this is large, expensive, but has a high production rate. That is why the springs are usually bought off-the-shelf from a tier 1 supplier rather than produced in house.

Plastic grips
The plastic grips are unnecessary and the device could still be operated without them. They provide enhanced ergonomics so the user does not have to press their fingers against sheet metal. Injection moulding of thermoplastics are normally used through the use of an automated injection moulding machine, which shoots liquid plastic into a mould where it is left to set. Such processing is commonplace, not very labour-intensive, cheap, and capable of producing high quantities. Plastic is used as it is the easiest, but also the cheapest and most readily available material that can be formed into such fluid shapes.

Pin axle
The pin axle provides a cylindrical bar from which the blades can rotate. It is made of stainless steel, which will not rust in areas that have been worn by contact with other metals. The process to create such a pin axle is quite intensive and hence it is bought off-the-shelf from a supplier. They are made by a specialised machine which cuts thick wire into a suitable length and then die punches the head of the pin. The supplier normally runs specialised machinery that is capable of producing large amounts of products at a high rate for a low cost.

History
While staplers had become available since late 1870s, first devices designed for removing staples have been patented in 1916. The patents from the early 20th century have not made any impact on office toolware, mostly due to size and weight of then-standard staples. The modern "magazine staple" became popular only after 1927.

The today-recognized, clawed form of destapler was invented by William G. Pankonin of Chicago, Illinois. A patent application for the same was filed on 12 December 1932, granted on 3 March 1936 and published on 3 April 1936 as patent document US 2,033,050. This patent was originally introduced to the market by Ace Fastener Company as their Model No 600 Staple Remover, featuring patent number engraved on the side. It was available in 1935, and the first known advertisement for No 600 comes from 1937. The model was slightly redesigned in approx. 1948, and around 1950 steel handles have been replaced with plastic ones. Ace stopped producing No 600 after being acquired by another company in the 1990s, but other companies kept producing staple removers very similar to No 600.

A modified version, also capable of removing broken staples, was patented by Joseph A. Foitle of Overland Park, Kansas, but does not see widespread use, despite overcoming several disadvantages of the former device by a simple, yet novel and inventive, modification. The patent for the latter invention was filed on 28 May 1969 and was granted on 28 December 1971, published as US 3,630,486 A. An excerpt from the patent application reads as follows:

"... A device for removing broken portions of wire staples ... comprising a pair of overlying planar arms pivoted together on an axis normal thereto, said arms having cooperating notches ... whereby relative pivotal motions ... may be engaged over the projecting portion of a broken staple..."

title: Staple remover


text:
Talk:Bubble chamber

Untitled
The 1974 photograph of Palmer and Samios was only tentatively identified by them as a charmed baryon. They were unable to rule out other possibilities, they did not fully trust the calibration of their new equipment, and they were unable to find a second example. They only released the photograph several months after Richter and Ting. In retrospect, the baryon has been identified as the Σc++, but it cannot be said that this picture led to the discovery of charm.--192.35.35.34 20:02, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

beer, anyone?
I have been told (the always-reliable "classroom rumor" research source) that Glaser came up with the idea while studying (ahem) the bubble in a glass of beer... are there any authoritative sources for this story, or is it just silly? -FZ 13:37, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

No way of measuring kinetic energy?
What about the Bethe-Bloch Equation, describing the energy loss in bubble chambers? I do not have enough experience in this field to edit the article, but i'm pretty sure that kinetic energy can be measured pretty accurately. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by MikkelR (talk • contribs) 12:33, 20 February 2007 (UTC).

Massive enough?
"Bubble chambers are neither large nor massive enough to analyze high-energy collisions, where all products should be contained inside the detector."It's not clear why the mass of the bubble chamber has an effect on being able to measure high energy collisions. When discussing scientific subjects of this nature, it should be understood that words like "massive" have a more precise meaning than colloquial English, ie specifically relating to mass. However, if the mass of the detector is significant, it should be explained in more detail.Silas Maxfield (talk) 22:52, 25 February 2013 (UTC)

chamber expansion
Bubbles grow in size as the chamber expands

This makes no sense without some explanation of how the expansion of the chamber plays its part in the overall process. Showing a "piston" with an arrow doesn't do the trick for me. Does the chamber expand naturally over time? Is it expanded gradually over the course of the experiment, or is it only done after the experiment is complete, as a method of enlargement? I can sort of imagine a sort of 3D expansion, but without any common real-world analogs I think it's a stretch to expect the reader to deduce this. In the context of super-heated liquid hydrogen at 30,000 degrees (gleaned from other sources [does this seem absurdly extreme to anyone else??]), how is all this accomplished? I think these sorts of things should be addressed to some extent. AgentFriday (talk) 00:21, 28 February 2014 (UTC)

bubble detector
should the more current bubble detector be presented as an evolution of these huge devices? Inside the detector, tiny droplets of superheated liquid are dispersed throughout a clear polymer. When a neutron strikes a droplet, the droplet immediately vaporizes, forming a visible gas bubble trapped in the gel. The number of droplets provides a direct measurement of the tissue-equivalent neutron dose. it is also left out in Dosimeter and Particle_detector in a cursory examination.  Robin den hertog (talk) 11:14, 9 May 2014 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 10:27, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

Snolab
Is not a bubble chamber! Chris2crawford (talk) 12:52, 9 March 2020 (UTC)

Comparison; trajectories of particles for different degrees of observation and positions of recording
That is totally biased. You do observe some differences when you personally use more energy or energy to bump on the particles. You might erroneously generalize the bias you caused.

That seems stupid but Sean Carroll mentioned the two slit experiment and then the bubble chamber. Well, more interactions occur in the bubble chamber; and if you interact less, you change the conditioning. That's the whole point. If you cause different biases, you measure your actions. Not some magic.

title: Talk:Bubble chamber


text: User talk:65.92.27.155

title: User talk:65.92.27.155


text:
Talk:Water hammer

Article's category
Why is this article in the firefighting category? --Andrew 20:04, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure... perhaps it has some relevance to fluid flow in fire hoses and fire sprinkler systems? -- FP 12:22, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)

I'll take it out. --Andrew 08:37, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)

It's linked from Fire hydrant. Kim Bruning 04:02, 10 January 2006 (UTC)

Edited a lot hope you like it. Joukowsky and rigid column theory could be explained. User:Ike 22:23, 02 April 2007 (UTC)

Other source of water hammer.
I'm not sure where to write it in, but water hammer also happens when heaving long pipes that are full of water. When this happens, there is a brief production of water vapour in a partial vacuum before the hammer. Colinvincent 06:33, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

The sentence in the section Mitigating measures that begins, "Often accidents will occur that could hardly be foreseen (sudden release of air pockets) or are" ends abruptly and doesn't represent a complete thought. A list of mitigating measures against the water hammer effect immediately follows, but the list isn't given any introduction or title. It's almost as though someone cut out some text, but forgot to paste it again. I'm not knowledgeable about water hammers, otherwise I would do the edit myself. Anyone feel up to the task? Fungicord 02:17, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

Explosion in NYC caused by water hammer effect
According to this news report. I don't know enough about the subject to update the article.

The "New York Water Hammer Incident" subsection doesn't really belong here. It should be moved to another article with a link from the "See Also" of this page. Tvh2k 01:32, 19 July 2007 (UTC)

Removed section: New York Water Hammer Incident
Perhaps this section (and other notable water hammers) will be of use when more reliable sources are included. The article above mentions that it's only speculation. Ichibani utc 04:08, 19 July 2007 (UTC)

On July 18th 2007 New York experienced an explosion of an underground steam pipe near Grand Central Terminal venting steam, mud, and debris. It has not been confirmed, but one theory is that the explosion may have been caused by the water hammer effect. The initial explosion is cited by Associated Press writer Adam Goldman to have been "as high as the nearby Chrysler Building".

Replaced kinetic energy equations by Joukowky equation
The magnitude of the Water hammer pulse is proportional to the velocity of the flow. Also, after the pipe is of a certain length the magnitude of the pulse remains the same. So it has little to do with the kinetic energy of the flow. I will elucidate the derivation when I get to a textbook. Donebythesecondlaw (talk) 19:34, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

Dynamic equations
The dynamic equations have a variable d that is not defined--pipe diameter perhaps? And they have a lower case v and an upper case V. I assume those are both velocity and the different case is just a typo?Ccrrccrr (talk) 01:00, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

2009 Sayano-Shushenskaya hydro accident
The article on the 2009 Sayano-Shushenskaya hydro accident makes it pretty clear that water hammer was not the cause. Thus I agree with the deletion of a link to an article about that accident.Ccrrccrr (talk) 03:51, 22 October 2009 (UTC)

less threatening
Under section "Mitigating measures": "Water hammer has caused accidents and fatalities, but is usually less threatening."

Less threatening than what? Setreset (talk) 05:58, 25 May 2010 (UTC)

Sign in Joukowski equation
In the differential form of the Joukowski equation, isn't there a - sign missing? dP/dt ~ -dC/dt (P=pressure; there is a positive pressure surge if the celerity C decreases) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.2.221.62 (talk) 16:46, 31 May 2010 (UTC)

water hammer when you OPEN a valve, i.e. faucet?
Could this be put in article? I bet it is more common to most people than water hammer from valve closure. Thanks.-Rich Peterson199.33.32.40 (talk) 20:35, 6 August 2010 (UTC)

Similar effects in Optics
Wondering if there is a similar effect in internal reflectance of quantum plasmon surface resonance and phonon generation?

Possible uses offer better control formulas for cerenkov radiation in dynamic fluids. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.87.37.216 (talk) 04:47, 24 December 2010 (UTC) Aditya.m4 (talk) 04:44, 24 December 2010 (UTC)

Transport of barometers
Since a Mercury barometer is a column of dense liquid in a glass tube, with near-vacuum at the closed end, great care must be taken when moving one. Air would compress elastically to absorb some of the energy, but vacuum does not. Relevant ? --195.137.93.171 (talk) 08:32, 24 July 2012 (UTC)

Water hammer from a jet of water
This section was added by Uruiamme, removed by Ccrrccrr, and then reverted by Uruiamme:

 * If a stream of high pressure water impinges on a surface, water hammer can quickly erode and destroy it. In the 2009 Sayano–Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station accident, the lid to a 640 MW turbine was ejected upwards, hitting the ceiling above. During the accident, the rotor was seen flying through the air, still spinning, about 3 meters above the floor. Unrestrained, 256 m3 per second of water began to spray over all of the generator hall. The geyser caused the structural failure of steel ceiling joists, precipitating a roof collapse around the failed turbine.

I agree with the removal, so I removed it again.

The citations only mentioned waterhammer once, and that was one of several speculations about the cause of the failure. There was plenty of documentation about the turbine being shut down for excess vibration (4X beyond safe zone) and being operated outside of its design region. Most of the bolts holding down the lid were fatigue failures. The roof collapse is a force issue rather than a water hammer issue; the roof was not designed to withstand the waterjet.

Glrx (talk) 21:45, 13 August 2012 (UTC)

Water hammer used to heat water?
There's a company in Ohio, US IIRC that uses cylinders of metal with laterally incised openings cut in it in linear rows along it's length that is inserted into a chamber of pipe only a centimeter or so larger than the device and is spun up by a small motor as water is flooded into the chamber's gap between the internal rotor and the outer wall. This causes an artificial water hammer effect which, like actual water hammer, causes a massive increase in water temperature. I am surprised that the temp gain of water hammer isn't mentioned here as it's very notable, and this interesting use of water hammer to heat water is even more so notable, even if it were simply because one of the leading companies who make these machines claim they're an over-unity output device (albeit unsubstantiated), it's a very cool and very novel use of a natural event. These devices don't just heat water, they gassify the water and turn it into hot steam in a matter of seconds. Google-fu if this is your forte and expand this article. I know very little about it besides having just learned the ins and outs of this machine due to it's application within the realm of physics and thus feel I am not invested enough in this affect to expand the article or know my way around this article at all. So I hope this gives you some feedback and some ideas for further expansion. BaSH PR0MPT (talk) 13:53, 11 March 2013 (UTC)

Noisy pipes - many causes
People come to this article to learn about noisy plumbing. There are many possible causes and solutions. This article should discuss the subject much more broadly, and/or include useful links to other relevant articles.-71.174.181.102 (talk) 22:28, 7 September 2013 (UTC)

Bulk modulus approximation needs clarification
I think the simplification of the equivalent bulk modulus B=tE/D applies only to pipes with a modulus close to that of water, for example PVC. It may not apply to steel pipe which has a E~=2e11. W ith D/t~=10, K_water~=2e9, the term K_water*D/(Et)<<1, which yields B->K_water instead of B->tE/D. Please correct me if I am wrong. Thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.87.239.180 (talk • contribs) 01:04, 3 February 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Water hammer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/American Trailer Exchange

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 04:16, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

American Trailer Exchange
Seems to be a fairly average local (Atlanta, Georgia) used truck dealer--less than 20 years old, with all of 6 employees. Wikipedia is not the Yellow Pages. Niteowlneils 20:04, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well-done, but an ad. Delete. Samaritan 20:13, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Nice try. Inter 20:31, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete if possible. Blatant ad.  Advertising is expensive.  Why give five days of freebies? - Lucky 6.9 21:32, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Because advertising isn't considered a candidate for speedy deletion. I've been known to NPOV ads while they're in VfD, however. Sometimes the result of removing the peacock words from a promotional article can be quite amusing. This one is too factual for that though. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:42, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Sigh...you are wise, O Smith. Just so long as it goes away. - Lucky 6.9 02:16, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Katefan0 22:58, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, advertising. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:40, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Philip 01:13, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete as bad-faith spam. Dpbsmith's remarks about what can happen when an ad is unPoV'd are worth remembering, however. Wyss 20:51, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Pet shop

A pet shop or pet store is an essential services retailer which sells animals and pet care resources to the public.

Pet Shop may also refer to:
 * Pet Shop (film), a 1994 American film
 * Pet Shop (JoJo's Bizarre Adventure), a fictional character
 * The Pet Shop, an American television program
 * "Pet Shop" sketch, a Monty Python's Flying Circus sketch
 * Pet Shop, the original name of the Canadian television series Pet Corner
 * Pet Shop, the sixth set in the Lego Modular Buildings series

title: Pet shop


text: Template:Abruzzo

title: Template:Abruzzo