text:
Talk:Whitby

Semi-protection
I have semi-protected the article due to ongoing vandalism. Semi-protection prevents edits from unregistered users (IP addresses), as well as edits from any account that is not autoconfirmed (is at least four days old and has ten or more edits to Wikipedia) or confirmed. IP and new users can request edits to a semi-protected page by proposing them on its talk page, using the template if necessary to gain attention. New users may also request the confirmed user right by visiting Requests for permissions.  SilkTork  ✔Tea time  11:24, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Can this article be un-semi-protected? Article has been semi-protected for quite awhile from what I can tell (2011). I would like to make an addition to the Literature section to include the novella titled "Whitby". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.46.113.120 (talk• contribs) 08:04, 27 March 2013

 * Did you by any chance see the section above about semi protection? Creating an account and becoming autoconfirmed will let you edit. If for some reason you don't want to create an account you could post it to the talk page and ask another editor to add it to the article. While this isn't exactly what you were asking for I hope this helps. Thanks Fraggle81 (talk) 17:49, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I don't like articles being protected from editing, however, thist article - perhaps because of Whitby's association with Dracula - attracts a fair bit of harmful edits. Protection had been previously placed, then lifted, and had to be placed again. It is unfortunate, but some articles are best left protected. In addition, this is a Good Article, and is in decent shape. As Fraggle says, people can register an account, or make an edit suggestion on this page.  SilkTork  ✔Tea time  07:15, 6 April 2013 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request 24 October 2018
The lead is over-long, resulting in the TOC being too-far downstream. Suggest a new simple heading ==Overview== be inserted after the second sentence, ending in "... of the North Riding of Yorkshire". This would align the lengthy TOC with the similar-proportioned infobox, reducing the wsp. I have read the Talk section relating to protection since 2011. Thanks.--86.29.222.228 (talk) 14:06, 24 October 2018 (UTC)
 * As a post-script to the above message, I was/am driving by with an interest only in the two railway stations which I found buried under the 'Transport' heading with substantial paragraph(s) containing many sentences but with the necessary internal links; sub-headings for ===Road=== and ===Rail=== would not be a detriment, excepting the addition to the TOC-length. may wish to reconsider if seven-year/ongoing protection assumes too much BF.--86.29.222.228 (talk) 13:22, 25 October 2018 (UTC)

 * I'll look into unprotecting after Halloween. SilkTork (talk) 14:50, 25 October 2018 (UTC)

 * The lead is a bit untidy and needs tightening, but it is not too long. See WP:Lead for some information on the purpose of the lead, and a guidance as to length (MOS:LEADLENGTH). The lead serves as as a shorter version of the full article, highlighting the main points. Most readers only read the lead because all they want is a quick overview of the topic. Cutting the lead after the second sentence would reduce the lead to something very unhelpful and would frustrate 90% of those visiting the page.
 * The Transport section is not long enough to justify having sub-sections. That would inhibit flow and readability for the majority of readers. See MOS:BODY.
 * Thanks for raising these issues in this edit request, but on examination the requests do not follow Wikipedia guidelines, so are not being implemented. SilkTork (talk) 15:07, 25 October 2018 (UTC)
 * Thank you . I am very well aware of the purpose of the lead as a snapshot of what is to follow, and I was only suggesting a break-point due to some of the following content being inappropriate (over-detailed), IMO, viz:"The earliest record of a permanent settlement is in 656, when as Streanæshealh it was the place where Oswy, the Christian king of Northumbria, founded the first abbey, under the abbess Hilda. The Synod of Whitby was held there in 664. In 867, the monastery was destroyed by Viking raiders. Another monastery was founded in 1078." As I was passing- through only, I did not propose to undertake a lengthy evaluation, or trawl though the history to identify those editors responsible, neither do I want to write or adjust the prose under the circumstances now confirmed.--86.29.222.228 (talk) 13:08, 31 October 2018 (UTC)
 * I chanced upon Otley which has a sensibly-sized intro, with appropriate sub-sections close below.--86.29.222.228 (talk) 23:26, 10 December 2018 (UTC)

Religion on https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitby
Can there be some input on to here? After the non conformist part, can Hope Whitby be added? Here is their website Www.hopewhitby.co.uk they are very active within the town. Thanks Coatesy83 (talk) 07:01, 22 April 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 April 2020
reckon there should be a short bit added on the subject of its famous fish and chips. Toastus Mostus (talk) 23:58, 30 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate.  JTP (talk • contribs) 00:21, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 23 January 2021Whitby Now created by local musician Mark Liddell
Kramlleddil (talk) 20:30, 23 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Bestagon ⬢ 22:21, 23 January 2021 (UTC)

Political composition
The table of political composition is wrong. None of the councillors stood for election with party affiliation, and none of them sit with party affiliation. While you can do background research to discover if individuals happen to be members of parties - and those numbers are actually wrong - the presentation gives a false representation that the members of the town council are there on the town council as members with party affiliations. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.96.251.164 (talk • contribs) 00:42, 6 July 2021 (UTC)

Vampyre Labyrinth by G.P. Taylor - its story is also based in Whitby
It would be great if you would add more literature information about Whitby, which is a town full of history. Under the descriptions in RedEye of Vampyre Labyrinth series, by G.P. Taylor, Whitby is a town which is full of traditions, rumors about vampires and superstitions. The book successfully creates the mystery atmosphere which is essential to vampire stories. 202.153.9.149 (talk) 01:14, 20 December 2022 (UTC)
 * G. P. Taylor is mentioned in the Literature section of this article. Do you have any reliable sources...? The joy of all things (talk) 08:59, 20 December 2022 (UTC)
 * yes - can refer to the book in Google Book:
 * https://books.google.com.hk/books/about/Vampyre_Labyrinth_RedEye.html?id=DIZRKrcwwWUC&redir_esc=y
 * Starting from Chapter 2. 202.153.9.149 (talk) 03:50, 21 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks, but not really. Essentially, we need it to state Whitby specifically, so a page number and ISBN is needed (the ISBN is easy), the page number, less so. However, we really need a secondary or tertiary source for this, as the book itself is a primary source. Better, would be a review of the book that states it is set in Whitby, the page you have linked just mentions "The Yorkshire Coast" (see PRIMARYCARE). Regards. The joy of all things (talk) 10:09, 21 December 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 June 2023
The Town Mayor of Whitby is now Cllr Robert Dalrymple. There are now 19 town councillors (not 16) listed on the cited page (https://www.whitbytowncouncil.gov.uk/councillors.html). Their political make-up is not shown. CaedmonOfWhitby (talk) 09:48, 8 June 2023 (UTC)

 * ❌. Hello @CaedmonOfWhitby, and thank you for your edit request. In order for em to add this, I'd need you to state exactly, word per word, what should be replaced (in a change x by y format), and where. Thanks! Cocobb8 (talk) 15:47, 8 June 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 22 October 2023
Whitby Lifeboat Station now has a Shannon Class All Weather Lifeboat called the RNLB Lois Ivan, that replaced the Trent Class 2.30.237.74 (talk) 09:21, 22 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made.  — Paper9oll  (🔔 • 📝)  09:31, 22 October 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ - added with local news source as citation. EdwardUK (talk) 14:03, 22 October 2023 (UTC)

Writing style
No changes requested. But I do want to praise the subheads in the historical material. Especially "Blubber, Cook and Dissolution". That is an odd title, uniting disparate elements over centuries, and not even in chronological order, and yet I think should remain forever. If style and humour are to be any element of Wikipedia headings, that is a brilliant example. It also sounds like a Dickensian law firm. Kudos to whoever came up with it. Random noter (talk) 14:39, 29 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Whitby


text:
Waldridge

Waldridge may refer to:

 * Waldridge, Buckinghamshire
 * Waldridge, County Durham

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Waldridge


text:
User talk:Krasil~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
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I'm afraid I've had to remove your advertisment about your coffee table for sale. Wikipedia is not a forum for buying or selling things, it is an encyclopedia. You might have more luck advertising it on ebay perhaps ? - TB 12:02, 2005 Feb 18 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
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title: User talk:Krasil~enwiki


text:
User:§l1ck Ar7ist~enwiki

The member of Russian Wikipedia community. ru:%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA:%C2%A7l1ck_Ar7ist

title: User:§l1ck Ar7ist~enwiki


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nur Mahana

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. -- AllyUnion (talk) 15:10, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Nur Mahana
NPOV article on alleged Syrian singer, but not substantiated in google. Is this valid or vanity? Radiant! 12:02, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * I think it might be a troll. There is a famous middle eastern signer named Nour Mhanna, but the song titles are fractured too. --iMeowbot~Mw 12:45, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and move to Nour Mhanna as that seems to be the most common Latin transcription. I made a new Category:Arabic language singers and added him and another couple of articles to it. With proper categorization and linking, hopefully someone will find it and edit it. / u p p l a n d 13:27, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, just under the bar of notability. Megan1967 23:00, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. - Mustafaa 03:01, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep supporting Uppland. Kappa 04:00, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for presumably meeting WikiProject Music/Notability and Music Guidelines (since one of the "Middle Eastern hits" was presumably in a national Top 100 list, equivalent or would have been if there was such a thing for all countries) Tuf-Kat 02:32, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep -- Darwinek 13:20, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nöthling

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 12:26, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Nöthling
Genealogy. Radiant! 12:03, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Genealogy is not for Wikipedia. Zzyzx11 20:48, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Genealogy. --Neigel von Teighen 20:49, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- Longhair 01:25, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Holly Sherwood

Categories
Before this turns into a full scale edit war, leave the categories alone now until we've discussed it on here with reference to the MOS. The JPS 12:04, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Right, the MOS suggests that we should not include if we are to use  category too.

 * So, I propose we leave this under Female Singers, which is more descriptive. Imagine if every person who could be described as a 'singer' was put in that category — it would demean the concept of categories, as they'd be far too many articles. The JPS 13:02, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The Sisters of Mercy
The page for "Floodland" lists her as backing vocals. Should that be mentioned here ? -- Beardo 05:07, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Holly Sherwood


text:
Talk:Ellen Foley

Categories
Before this turns into a full scale edit war, leave the categories alone now until we've discussed it on here with reference to the MOS. The JPS 12:04, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Right, the MOS suggests that we should not include if we are to use the  category too.

 * So, I propose we leave this under Female Singers, which is more descriptive. Imagine if every person who could be described as a 'singer' was put in that category — it would demean the concept of categories, as they'd be far too many articles. The JPS 13:02, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

technically speaking
ellen foley was only succeeded by markie post in that markie post was the major female player. ellen foley was was a bailff, who succeeded selma diamond. markie post was an attorney. 21:51, 23 June 2008 (UTC)harry l lee

No, I think you have it mistaken. Ellen Foley's character wasn't a Baliff; it's was of a Public Defender. If you go down the line of actresses who played the role of Legal Aid lawyer, it starts from Paula Kelly, Ellen Foley and then Markie Post. The line of female Baliffs is Selma Diamond, Florence Halop and lastly Marsha Warfield. You were getting to the right idea, just had it mixed up a bit.

Rayghost (talk) 09:04, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

Feargal Sharkey
Was she also once the girlfriend of Feargal Sharkey (see http://revrock.blogspot.com/2007_07_01_archive.html)? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Earthlyreason (talk • contribs) 08:59, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

Spirit of St. Louis
Seems to me that Spirit of St. Louis deserves more than the passing mention it gets here. Not a big commercial success, but a fine album, and notable for containing a bunch of Strummer-Jones songs that the Clash never recorded, and which were notably different from their usual style. - Jmabel | Talk 04:34, 29 September 2008 (UTC)

Lori Petty
Anyone ever notice that Foley bears more than a passing resemblance to actress Lori Petty?

External links modified
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Inconsistency With
This article includes the line: "The Clash's hit song "Should I Stay or Should I Go", written and sung by Jones, was about the turbulent relationship he shared with Foley at the time."

The article about the song says: "Many rumours have arisen about the song's content, such as Jones' impending dismissal from the Clash or the rocky personal relationship between Jones and singer Ellen Foley, but Jones himself says: ' It wasn't about anybody specific and it wasn't pre-empting my leaving The Clash. It was just a good rockin' song, our attempt at writing a classic ... When we were just playing, that was the kind of thing we used to like to play. – Mick Jones, 1991' "

The first is a direct quote from a first-person perspective (the songwriter and one of the two in the relationship); the second includes documentation that is an unsourced collection of "facts" (web.archive.org/web/20120717204427/http://londonsburning.org/art_nme_03_16_91.html). The second source of the rumor (www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/the-clash/biography) no longer includes mention of any mention of Foley in regards to the song.

The articles should be reconciled. I recommend something like... "was rumored to be about the turbulent relationship between Foley and Jones, although he claims 'it wasn't about anybody specific'. "

That offers a more neutral POV, while still mentioning what many people thought (and still think) about the origin of the song. . 2602:30A:2CD0:5820:596D:41E5:968D:5036 (talk) 18:27, 25 January 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Ellen Foley


text:
Waldridge, Buckinghamshire

Waldridge is an ancient village in the civil parish of Dinton-with-Ford and Upton in Buckinghamshire, England. Although little of the village survives today, the Waldridge Manor in the nearby village of Meadle shows the approximate location of the original settlement of Waldridge Village.

title: Waldridge, Buckinghamshire


text:
Jesse James Leija

James Leija (born July 8, 1966), best known as Jesse James Leija, is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1988 to 2005. He held the WBC super featherweight title in 1994, and challenged twice each for world titles at lightweight and light welterweight.

Amateur career
Leija had an amateur career that spanned three years, going 23-5 during this time. He won the San Antonio Golden Gloves in 1988. Later that year he lost in the first rounds of the Olympic Trials to Kelcie Banks.

Professional career
Jesse James Leija began his professional boxing career on October 2, 1988, beating Oscar Davis by knockout in round one, in Leija's native San Antonio. When he turned professional he took the name "Jesse James" in honor of his father, Jesse Leija, who trained him.

On January 21, 1989, he defeated Joe Mitchell by a decision in four at the Trump Plaza hotel in New Jersey. This marked Leija's debut outside Texas. On his fourth fight, Leija beat Manuel Gomez in San Antonio by decision in four, on April 10.

During the early 1990s, Leija won his first fifteen fights, ten by knockout. His first blemish came on October 8, 1990, when he and Edward Parker fought to a ten-round draw in San Antonio, TX.

Leija won his next three bouts, and then, he had an upgrade in opposition quality when he met the experienced Miguel Arrozal, on May 31, 1991. He beat Arrozal by an eighth-round disqualification. On October 18, he met Steve McCrory in Houston, beating McCrory by a ten-round decision.

Leija got his first championship try on the fight that proceeded his win over McCrory. On March 3, 1992. He met Jose Luis Martinez for the North American Boxing Federation bantamweight championship. This fight was held in San Antonio, and it resulted in a nine-round technical decision.

Leija proceeded to win three bouts, two of them against former world champions. Having defeated Jesus Poll by a decision in twelve rounds and Troy Dorsey by a knockout in six, he was matched, on March 23, 1993, with Louie Espinoza, a former two-time world featherweight champion. Leija won this fight by a twelve-round decision, and with this, the NABF title and the right to challenge for the world title for the first time.

Title fights against Nelson
On September 10, 1993, Leija participated at one of the Alamodome's first ever events, when he challenged Azumah Nelson for the WBC super featherweight title. After twelve rounds, Nelson had been announced as the winner by a split decision, only to find out twenty minutes later that a judge had miscalculated his scoring card, and the fight was really a draw.

On May 7, he got a rematch with Nelson. Leija became the WBC super featherweight champion when he defeated Nelson by a twelve-round unanimous decision in Las Vegas.

Losing the title and afterwards
On September 17, he defended his title against Gabriel Ruelas, once again, in Las Vegas. Leija lost his world title when he lost to Ruelas by a twelve-round unanimous decision.

Leija rebounded with two wins, including one over Jeff Mayweather, and then, on December 15, 1995, he received a chance at becoming world champion for the second time, when he challenged Oscar De La Hoya for De La Hoya's WBO lightweight title, at Madison Square Garden. He lost by second-round knockout.

On June 1, 1996, Leija challenged Nelson, who had regained the WBC super featherweight title. Leija lost by a tech. knockout in six. After a string of wins against relatively insignificant competition, Leija won the NABF lightweight title, defeating Joel Perez by a decision in twelve rounds on January 20, 1998.

After a second-round knockout victory over Troy Crain, Leija fought Nelson for the fourth time. In what was supposed to be Nelson's final career bout, Leija defeated Nelson by a twelve-round unanimous decision on July 11, 1998 (Nelson would later have a one-fight comeback against Jeff Fenech).

On November 14, Leija had a shot at the IBF lightweight title when he faced Shane Mosley. Leija was dropped in rounds six, eight and nine before the fight was stopped, with Mosley retaining the world title by a ninth-round knockout win.

Leija's next significant bout came on August 5, 2000, when he fought Juan Lazcano. Although no world championship was involved in this bout, it created general interest among Hispanic boxing fans, as Lazcano, nicknamed "The Hispanic Causing Panic," had become a popular boxer among Latinos. Leija lost an unpopular dec. in a ten-round split decision (scores of 94–96, 93-97 and a favorable 96-94) to Lazcano in Uncasville, Connecticut.

Next followed another HBO televised fight, when Leija fought Ivan Robinson, who had twice beaten Arturo Gatti, on November 11 at Las Vegas. Leija beat Robinson by a ten-round unanimous decision.

After a victory over Fred Ladd, Leija faced Hector Camacho Jr. in Long Island, July 7, 2001. This would prove to be a very controversial fight: after an accidental headbutt, Camacho Jr. was injured and he could not fight on. Camacho Jr. was initially announced as the winner by a technical decision, but the Leija team formally protested the result with the New York State Athletic Commission. The athletic commission decided to declare the fight a five-round no contest.

Micky Ward was being considered for a fight with WBC, WBA and IBF world light welterweight champion Kostya Tszyu. On January 5, 2002, Leija and Ward faced off at San Antonio. Once again, the fight was stopped as a consequence of a headbutt, but this time, it was Leija who was injured. Leija won the fight by a five-round technical decision, and became the number-one challenger to Tszyu.

Leija then proceeded to move to Australia for six months, to get acquainted with the country and its climate before his challenge of Tszyu, scheduled for January 19, 2003. Tszyu retained the title when he beat Leija by a six-round knockout.

After three wins, Leija faced young prospect Francisco Bojado. Leija and Bojado fought on July 24, 2004, in Atlantic City. Leija produced what some viewed as a minor upset by beating his much younger rival by a ten-round split decision.

Final bout
On January 29, 2005, Leija fought Arturo Gatti for Gatti's WBC light welterweight title. Fighting once again in Atlantic City, Leija lost to Gatti by a fifth-round knockout. Leija retired after the loss.

title: Jesse James Leija


text: Template talk:Gdansk

title: Template talk:Gdansk


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Campus organisations

Campus organisations
I'd say that any campus organisation is either 1) only notable on that campus itself, or 2) part of a larger program. Either way, this category is pointless. Radiant! 12:08, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Ryle Telescope

The Ryle Telescope (named after Martin Ryle, and formerly known as the 5-km Array) was a linear east-west radio telescope array at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory. In 2004, three of the telescopes were moved to create a compact two-dimensional array of telescopes at the east end of the interferometer. The eight antennas have now become the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array.

The Ryle Telescope was an eight-element interferometer operating at 15 GHz (2cm wavelength). The elements were equatorially mounted 13-m Cassegrain antennas, on an (almost) east-west baseline. Four aerials were mounted on a 1.2 km rail track, and the others were fixed at 1.2 km intervals. Baselines between 18 m and 4.8 km were therefore available, in a variety of configurations. For high-resolution imaging, the mobile aerials were arranged along the track, to give uniform baseline coverage to 4.8 km; for low-brightness astronomy (e.g. the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect) the mobile aerials were arranged in a 'compact array', with a maximum baseline of about 100 m. All antenna pairs were correlated, so some long baseline data were always available, even in the 'compact array' configuration.

As the telescope was an east-west instrument, most imaging observations involved 12-hour observations in order to fill the synthesised aperture (calibration observations are routinely interleaved). Another consequence of the geometry was that it is not practical to image sources near the equator, or in the south. The two-dimensional Large Array overcomes this problem with its new north-south baselines.

Although the telescope was not designed as a common user instrument, the operators were happy to accept proposals for observing time on the instrument from outside observers, provided that they did not overlap substantially with existing observing programmes, on a 'best efforts' basis. Monitoring variable sources was possible using short observations which could often be inserted between longer 'standard' observations.

The telescope had three main scientific programs: study of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in galaxy clusters, particularly in determining the Hubble constant; surveying for radio sources that would contaminate degree-scale observations of the cosmic microwave background made with the Very Small Array, and flux monitoring of galactic variable sources.

title: Ryle Telescope


text:
Sturgeon River

Sturgeon River may refer to:

In Canada

 * Sturgeon River (Alberta), which flows into the North Saskatchewan River northeast of Fort Saskatchewan
 * Sturgeon River (Manitoba) in northern Manitoba and Ontario
 * In Ontario:
 * Sturgeon River in northern Kenora District in the Hayes River watershed, same as Sturgeon River (Manitoba).
 * Sturgeon River (Kenora District), in western Kenora District in the Nelson River watershed, tributary of the English River
 * Sturgeon River (Marchington River tributary) in eastern Kenora and north-western Thunder Bay Districts, tributary of Marchington River in the Nelson River watershed
 * Sturgeon River (Black Bay Peninsula) on the Black Bay Peninsula in Lake Superior, Thunder Bay District
 * Sturgeon River (Lake Nipissing), in the Nipissing, Sudbury and Timiskaming Districts, which flows to Lake Nipissing
 * Sturgeon River (Simcoe County), in Simcoe County, which flows to Georgian Bay on Lake Huron
 * Sturgeon River (Prince Edward Island) in Kings County, Prince Edward Island
 * Sturgeon River (Saskatchewan), which flows into the North Saskatchewan River just west of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan
 * Sturgeon-Weir River, a river in Saskatchewan

In the United States

 * Sturgeon River (Michigan), four rivers in Michigan
 * Sturgeon River (Big Fork River), located in Koochiching County, Minnesota
 * Sturgeon River (Little Fork River), located in St. Louis County, Minnesota
 * Sturgeon River, Minnesota, an unorganized territory in St. Louis County, Minnesota

title: Sturgeon River


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title: User:Fjl


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Tom Leonard (poet)

Thomas Anthony Leonard (22 August 1944 – 21 December 2018) was a Scottish poet, writer and critic. He was best known for his poems written in Glaswegian dialect, particularly his Six Glasgow Poems and The Six O'Clock News. His work frequently dealt with the relationship between language, class and culture.

Biography
Leonard was born in Glasgow in 1944. His father was a train-driver who had moved to Scotland from Dublin in 1916. His mother, also of Irish descent, came from Saltcoats and had previously worked at the Nobel dynamite factory in Ardeer. Tom was the youngest of four children - he had two brothers and one sister.

He commenced study on a degree at the University of Glasgow in 1967, but left after two years. While there, he encountered poets including Tom McGrath, Alan Spence, Aonghas MacNeacail and Philip Hobsbaum, and also acted as editor of the university magazine. He returned to the university during the 1970s in order to complete a degree in English and Scottish Literature.

He joined a group of new and distinctive authors, including Philip Hobsbaum, Alasdair Gray, Liz Lochhead, James Kelman, Aonghas MacNeacail and Jeff Torrington, of whom Hobsbaum was the nucleus.

With Alasdair Gray and James Kelman, he became Professor of Creative Writing at the University of Glasgow in 2001, retiring in 2009. He died at his home in Glasgow in December 2018, aged 74.

Poetry
Published in 1969, his Six Glasgow Poems has been called 'epoch-making'. The poems were first published as an insert in Glasgow University Magazine.

In 1984, he released Intimate Voices, a selection of his work from 1965 onwards including poems and essays on William Carlos Williams and "the nature of hierarchical diction in Britain." It shared the award for Scottish Book of the Year, and was banned from Central Region school libraries. Peter Manson, in the Poetry Review, claimed the poems, "speak so precisely and with such a fierce, analytical wit that they transcend their status as poems and become part of the shared apparatus we use to think with. I don't know any other contemporary poetry of which that is so true."

His arguably best-known poem, "The Six O'Clock News" from Unrelated Incidents, at one stage was compulsory study for an AQA English Language GCSE qualification in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

Access to the Silence (2004) compiles his poetic and poster works from 1984 to 2003, exploring the experimental and the surreal to a greater degree without losing any of his truthfulness or openness.

In 2009, Leonard released Outside the Narrative, a collection of his poetry from 1965 to 2009.

Literary criticism
Leonard, in his corpus, was highly critical of the effect of formal education on literature. In The Proof of the Mince Pie he argues that literature exams in schools and universities reduce art to a kind of "property" that is to be "acquired", with exams being the venue in which students present evidence of their acquisition.

In Poetry, Schools, Place he argued that exams also have the effect of marginalising traditions of poetry for which a gradable vocabulary of criticism has yet to be worked out. These are said to be traditions of poetry that have emerged since the First World War that do not see poems as "treasure chests of valuables" that the student may remove one by one and display to the examiner.

In his introduction to Radical Renfrew, Leonard discussed the impact that formal education has had in creating a "canon" of literature that excludes vast amounts of literature deemed inappropriate for teaching. He suggests that the teaching of poetry has the effect of installing in people's minds the idea that a "real" poem is one that an English teacher would approve for use in a class and that requires explanation and guidance from such a teacher. The effect is the view that the 'best' poems are those that come to be set in exams and that the people best able to pass these exams will be the people best able to understand and write poetry.

Leonard traced these views back to the nineteenth-century invention of literature as a "subject" in schools. This involved the creation of a canon of "set books", overseen by central authorities that ensure the canon embodies desirable social, moral and political values. Literature that is not considered to embody these values is excluded, along with works thought to belong to another "subject" in the curriculum.

Other writings
Outside of publishing his own work as a poet, Leonard worked on various compilations of other poet's work, in addition to occasional forays into prose and fiction.

Whilst working as Writer in Residence at Renfrew District Libraries in 1990, Leonard compiled Radical Renfrew: Poetry from the French Revolution to the First World War, an anthology of poetry which sought to resurrect the work of long forgotten poets from the West of Scotland and disprove the belief that Scotland at that time was a cultural wasteland,, a belief perpetuated by claims such as those of T. S. Eliot, who once claimed that Scotland has no literary culture. Radical Renfrew wished to dispel this idea, and Leonard in his introduction suggests that in denying the existence of a native Scottish culture, the Scottish people have been denied "the right to equality of dialogue with those in possession of Queen's English or 'good' Scots."

In 1993, he released Places of the Mind, a biographical novel based on the seminal Scottish author James Thomson. Best known for his epic poem The City of Dreadful Night, Thomson’s life and works are captured by Leonard in a study of poetry, alcoholism and freethinking.

His most overtly political work followed in 1995, as Leonard published another collection, entitled Reports From The Present. It compiles Leonard's corpus of work from 1982 to 1994, with the collection incorporating political satires, collages, essays, "antidotes, anecdotes and accusations" ranging from explorations of the differences between poetry and prose to scathing attacks on the forces of power that corrupt culture for financial or political gain.

He published Definite Articles: Selected Prose 1973–2012 in May 2013, a compilation gathering forty years of essays, articles, reviews and journal entries.

Political views and activism
Alongside his literary output, Leonard was vocal on a number of political issues. In 1991, he published On the Mass Bombing of Iraq and Kuwait, Commonly Known as The Gulf War with Leonard's Shorter Catechism, in which he was highly critical of British and American involvement in Iraq and Kuwait during the Gulf War.

Leonard voiced his support for the cultural boycott of Israel in response to its policies towards Palestine. He co-signed a letter to the Glasgow Herald with writers including Liz Lochhead, AL Kennedy and Iain Banks, criticising the inclusion of Israeli dance troupe Batsheva in the 2012 Edinburgh International Festival.

He previously voiced support for an "independent Scottish Socialist Republic", but was opposed to the 2014 independence referendum, criticising the SNP and the referendum process on his journal.

Selected bibliography

 * Six Glasgow Poems (1969)-
 * A Priest Came on at Merkland Street (1970)-
 * Poems (1973)-
 * Bunnit Husslin (1975)-
 * Three Glasgow Writers (1976), with James Kelman and Alex Hamilton.-
 * Intimate Voices (1984)-
 * Radical Renfrew: Poetry from the French Revolution to the First World War (1990)-
 * On the Mass bombing of Iraq and Kuwait, commonly known as The Gulf War with Leonard's Shorter Catechism (1991)-
 * Places of the Mind (1993)-
 * Reports From The Present (1995)-
 * Access to the Silence (2004)-
 * Outside the Narrative: poems 1965-2009 (2009)-
 * Definite Articles: Selected Prose 1973-2012 (2013)-

Reviews

 * Kirkwood, Colin (1985), "Vulgar Eloquence: Tom Leonard's Intimate Voices, 1965 - 1983", in Parker, Geoff (ed.), Cencrastus No. 20, Spring 1985, pp. 21 - 24,

title: Tom Leonard (poet)


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Jean-Pierre, Count of Montalivet

Jean-Pierre Bachasson, Seigneur and 1st Comte de Montalivet (Neunkirch, now part of Sarreguemines, Moselle, 5 July 1766 – Château de Lagrange, Cher, 22 January 1823) was a French statesman and Peer of France. He was the father of Camille Bachasson, 3rd Count of Montalivet, Minister of the Interior under Louis-Philippe.

Early life and Revolution
A nobleman born in Sarreguemines the son of Charles Victor Bachasson, Seigneur de Montalivet, Maréchal de camp, Knight of the Order of Saint Louis and Councilor Secretary of the King in the Chancellery of Corsica, etc., and second wife Marthe de Saint-Germain, Noble Femme, he was counsellor to the Grenoble parlement from 1785 à 1790, and, while in Valence, he became friends with a Napoleon Bonaparte, who was a young officer at the time. In 1788, during the bloody riots known as the Journée des Tuiles, he took the side of the revolt and was banished to his château in Montmeyran.

Although supportive of the French Revolution, Bachasson enlisted in the Army of Italy in order to escape the Reign of Terror. After his return to France he was elected Mayor of Valence in 1795, and was commissioner for the département of Drôme under the French Directory.

Consulate and Empire
After his 18 Brumaire coup, Napoleon called Bachasson to serve as préfet of the Manche and then Seine-et-Oise under the Consulate. With the start of the French Empire, Bachasson joined the Conseil d'État, became director of the Legion of Honor, and, from 1806, head of the Corps des Ponts et Chaussées.

He became a Minister of the Interior in 1809, during the period when France was at the peak of its European territorial expansion. As Minister, Bachasson helped develop the infrastructure within the Empire by, for example, authorising the construction of new bridges and ports. He also oversaw large-scale urban works in Paris, the building of such monuments as the Arc de Triomphe and the Palais Brongniar, as well as the expansion of sewage works and the digging of public fountains.

Restoration, later life, and legacy
In 1814, after the Six Days' Campaign, Bachasson accompanied Empress Marie Louise all the way to Blois, and then retired to his property in Montmeyran. He returned to public life during the Hundred Days, and became Intendant General General of the Crown and a Peer. With the start of the Bourbon Restoration, he was denied peerage until 1819. He died in his Castle of Lagrange-Montalivet in Saint-Bouize.

Montalivet Street in Paris, a Montalivet Square in Valence, Montalivet Avenue in Caen, Comte de Montalivet Street in Sarreguemines and the Montalivet Islands in Western Australia, are all named after him.

Family
He married Louise Françoise Adélaïde de Saint-Germain (Versailles, Yvelines, 13 January 1769 – Thauvenay, 10 March 1850), who was said to be a daughter of Louis XV of France - with whom she shared the same striking resemblance in the strongly marked Bourbon traits also found in other of his illegitimate offspring - by Catherine Eléonore Bernard (1740–1769), and had issue:
 * Charles Bachasson de Montalivet (1798–1807)
 * Simon Pierre Joseph Bachasson, 2e Comte de Montalivet (1 March 1799 - Girona, 12 October 1823), unmarried and without issue
 * Marthe Camille Bachasson, 3rd Comte de Montalivet (1801–1880)
 * Pierre Bachasson de Montalivet (Saint-Lô, 2 September 1803 - Paris, 16 June 1817)
 * Josephine Francine Adelaïde de Montalivet (23 August 1806 – Thauvenay, 17 June 1852), married on 14 June 1827 Benjamin Marie de Tascher (Orléans, 9 March 1797 - Thauvenay, 25 September 1858), son of Pierre Jean Alexandre, 1st Baron and 1st Comte de Tascher, and wife Catherine Flore Bigot de Chérelles de La Boyerie, and had issue
 * Charles Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 10 November 1810 - Naples, 27 November 1832), unmarried and without issue

title: Jean-Pierre, Count of Montalivet


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Pistyll Rhaeadr

Pistyll Rhaeadr (, meaning "waterfall (of) Rhaeadr" ) is a waterfall 4 mi from the village of Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant in Powys, Wales, and 16 mi west of Oswestry.

Description
Pistyll Rhaeadr is formed by the Afon Disgynfa (disgynfa also means "waterfall") falling, in three stages, over a 240 ft Silurian cliff-face, below which the river is known as the Afon Rhaeadr. The tallest stage is estimated at 40 m. It is counted as one of the Seven Wonders of Wales and is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. The 19th-century author George Borrow, in his book Wild Wales, remarked of the waterfall: "What shall I liken it to? I scarcely know, unless it is to an immense skein of silk agitated and disturbed by tempestuous blasts, or to the long tail of a grey courser at furious speed. I never saw water falling so gracefully, so much like thin, beautiful threads as here."

There is car-parking space near the foot of the waterfall for people who want to explore the waterfall, with a café and a B&B alongside.

The waterfall is often referred to by the media, government sources, and other sources as the tallest in Wales or the tallest single drop in the United Kingdom. However, it is not a single drop, and both its single drop height and its total height are surpassed by both the Devil's Appendix and Pistyll y Llyn, as well as several other waterfalls.

title: Pistyll Rhaeadr


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Cái Răng district

Cái Răng is an urban district of Cần Thơ in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 77,292. This increased to 82,152 in 2007. The district covers an area of 63 km2. Cái Răng district was established by Decree No. 05/2004/ND-CP on January 2, 2004. The district borders Vĩnh Long province to the east, Phong Điền district to the west, Hậu Giang province to the south and Ninh Kieu district to the northwest.

Cái Răng is growing in population and construction as a result of Cần Thơ expanding southward and Cái Răng including much of southern Cần Thơ.

Administrative divisions
Cái Răng district is divided into wards (Phường):

 * Lê Bình
 * Thường Thạnh
 * Phú Thứ
 * Tân Phú
 * Ba Láng
 * Hưng Phú
 * Hưng Thạnh

title: Cái Răng district


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Kevin McCarthy (ice hockey)

Kevin McCarthy (born July 14, 1957) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who spent 10 seasons in the National Hockey League between 1977 and 1987, serving as captain of the Vancouver Canucks from 1979 until 1982.

Playing career
As a youth, McCarthy played in the 1969 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Winnipeg St. James minor ice hockey team.

Playing for his hometown Winnipeg Monarchs, McCarthy was one of the most dominant junior defenders of his era. Following a memorable 1976–77 season in which he set WCHL records for defenders with 105 assists and 127 points (later broken by Cam Plante), he was selected in the first round (17th overall) in the 1977 NHL amateur draft by the Philadelphia Flyers.

McCarthy stepped straight into the Flyers' roster in the 1977–78 season, posting 2 goals and 17 points along with a stellar +29 rating. Early in the 1978–79 campaign, however, he was dealt to the Vancouver Canucks in a deal for Dennis Ververgaert. The deal would prove controversial, as McCarthy was damaged goods and played only a single game for Vancouver before requiring surgery for a pre-existing hip condition.

Back to full health in 1979–80, McCarthy would be a revelation for Vancouver as he led the team's blueliners with 15 goals and 45 points and finished 3rd in overall team scoring. It would be the first of four consecutive 40-point seasons on the Canuck blueline for McCarthy, who impressed with his powerful point shot and fine outlet passing and was quickly becoming the team's top all-around defender.

McCarthy responded with the finest season of his career, tying a team record for defenders with 16 goals and registering a career-high 53 points. He was also selected to represent the Canucks in the 1981 NHL All-Star Game in Los Angeles. After another fine season in 1981–82, McCarthy would suffer a broken ankle on the eve of the 1982 playoffs, and was forced to watch from the pressbox as the Canucks marched all the way to the Stanley Cup Finals before losing to the New York Islanders. Stan Smyl captained the Canucks on their Cinderella run to the finals.

After a poor start to the 1983–84 season, McCarthy would be a victim of a rebuilding process in Vancouver and was dealt to the Pittsburgh Penguins for a draft pick, one of three top defenders (along with Harold Snepsts and Lars Lindgren) shipped out within a few months of each other. He re-discovered his offensive game in Pittsburgh, posting 20 points in 31 games, but was a horrific -32 over that stretch for the last-place Penguins. After a disappointing 1984–85 season in which he slumped to just 19 points, he was released by the Penguins.

After his release from the Penguins, McCarthy returned to Philadelphia, signing with the Flyers as a free agent. However, his career was on the downturn and he spent most of the next three seasons in the minors with the Hershey Bears, appearing in only 6 games for the Flyers over that stretch. He retired in 1988.

In 537 career NHL games, McCarthy amassed 67 goals and 191 assists for 258 points along with 527 penalty minutes. His 51 goals were the most ever by a Vancouver Canuck blueliner at the time of his departure, and he remains 6th all-time for the club in that category.

Coaching career
During his time as a player in Hershey, McCarthy developed a quality reputation for his leadership and work with young players, and was promoted to a player-assistant coach during the 1987-88 season. Following his retirement, he remained as an assistant coach for the Bears, and was promoted to head coach for the 1989-90 season. After a season in that capacity, he then spent two seasons as pro scouting director for the Philadelphia Flyers.

He went on to serve as an assistant coach with the Hartford Whalers from 1992 until 1995 before returning to the AHL to take on head coaching duties with the Springfield Falcons and the Beast of New Haven.

McCarthy served as an assistant coach for the Carolina Hurricanes from 1999–2009, and won the Stanley Cup as a member of the Hurricanes' coaching staff in 2006. McCarthy was brought into the Philadelphia Flyers organization in 2009 as an assistant coach with head coach Peter Laviolette.

On October 7, 2013 McCarthy, along with head coach Peter Laviolette, was relieved of his assistant coach position by Flyers general manager, Paul Holmgren.

On May 6, 2014, Laviolette and McCarthy were hired by the Nashville Predators as head coach and assistant coach, respectively.

On July 21, 2017, McCarthy was promoted to associate coach, after Phil Housley was hired by the Buffalo Sabres and Dan Muse was hired by the Nashville Predators as an assistant coach.

On January 6, 2020, Laviolette and McCarthy were fired by the Nashville Predators. McCarthy was an assistant coach with the Washington Capitals from October 2020 until April 2023, while Laviolette was Washington’s head coach.

Awards and achievements

 * WCHL First All-Star Team (1976 and 1977)
 * WCHL Top Defenceman (1976)
 * WCHL Player of the Year (1977)
 * AHL First All-Star Team (1986)
 * Played in NHL All-Star Game (1981)
 * Calder Cup (AHL) Championship (1988)
 * "Honoured Member" of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
 * Stanley Cup (2006, coaching)

title: Kevin McCarthy (ice hockey)


text:
One-Mile Telescope

The One-Mile Telescope at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO), Cambridge, UK is an array of radio telescopes (two fixed and one moveable, fully steerable 60 ft parabolic reflectors operating simultaneously at 1407 MHz and 408 MHz) designed to perform aperture synthesis interferometry.

History
The One Mile Telescope was completed by the Radio Astronomy Group of Cambridge University in 1964. The telescope was used to produce the 5C catalogue of radio sources.

Observations with larger incremental spacings were used to observe individual radio sources with unprecedented sensitivity, angular resolution, and image quality. These surveys required intensive use of inverse Fourier transforms, and were made possible by development of a new generation of computers such as the Titan.

In 1971, Sir Martin Ryle described why, in the late 1950s, radio astronomers at MRAO decided on the construction of the new One Mile telescope: "Our object was twofold. First we wanted to extend the range of our observations far back in time to the earliest days of the Universe, and this required a large increase in both sensitivity and resolution. With greater resolution we hoped that we might be able to draw radio maps of individual radio sources with sufficient detail to give some indication of the physical processes which brought them into being."

One of the One Mile Telescope dishes was temporarily used to improve the resolution of MERLIN (then MTRLI) from 1987 until Autumn 1990.

Technical innovations
The One-Mile Telescope was the first telescope to use Earth-rotation aperture synthesis (described by Ryle as "super-synthesis" ) and the first to give radio maps with a resolution better than that of the human eye. The telescope was made up of three 120ton dishes, each of which is 18m in diameter. Two of the dishes are fixed, while the third can be moved along an 800m-long (half mile) rail track, at speeds of up to 6.4 km/h. There were 60 different stations along the track, which is straight to within 0.9 cm, and whose far end was raised by 5 cm to allow for the curvature of the Earth over its length. The observing frequencies were usually 408 MHz (75 cm; the resolution was 80arcsec) and 1.4 GHz (21 cm; the resolution was 20arcsec, three times better than that of the unaided eye).

Notable achievements
Over a 20-year career, the telescope was used to map individual objects, and to do several deep field surveys. Though still occasionally used, it is now essentially retired (one of the dishes is occasionally used for undergraduate projects or by amateur radio astronomers).

The construction of this telescope and development of the Earth-rotation aperture synthesis used when operating it contributed to Martin Ryle and Antony Hewish receiving the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974.

title: One-Mile Telescope


text:
Anorexia Nervosa (band)

Anorexia Nervosa is a French symphonic black metal band from Limoges, formed in 1991. They are currently "on hold" due to the departure of vocalist RMS Hreidmarr.

Biography
Anorexia Nervosa (full name Anorexia Nervosa the Nihilistic Orchestra) was formed in 1991 as Necromancia, with a line-up consisting of Stéphane Bayle (guitar), Marc Zabé (guitar), Pierre Couquet (bass), Nilcas Vant (drums) and Stéphane Gerbaud (vocals). As Necromancia they produced a demo in 1993, The Garden of Delight. A second demo, Nihil Negativum, gave Anorexia Nervosa its place in the underground metal scene. The demo featured the dark, industrial atmosphere that their album Exile was later known for. During a concert in the south of France, Michael Berberian, from Season of Mist Records, noticed the band and offered them a contract for an album. Exile, was released in 1997. Reminiscent of their previous work, Nihil Negativum, Exile had a dark industrial sound to it. Not only was the album unique in the history of the band, but in the broader black metal genre itself. Twenty-four hundred copies of the album were sold, allowing access to a larger audience and onto a series of concerts with Cradle of Filth, Absu, Misanthrope, amongst others.

They left the label after the release of Exile, and replaced Gerbaud and Zabé with new singer RMS Hreidmarr and keyboardist Neb Xort. They then pursued a new, self-described "dark nihilistic metal" direction featuring a very fast, hysterical and powerfully orchestrated sound, with second album Sodomizing the Archangel, recorded at the band's own Drudenhaus Studio and released by Osmose Productions in 1999. They followed this with the Drudenhaus album, which was released in March 2000, and proved to be a huge success for the band.

Further evolving the style was their 2001 release, New Obscurantis Order, which involved even faster tempos, more polished orchestrations and an all-around more violent sound. They toured all over Europe with the likes of Cradle of Filth, and Rotting Christ, by now an established symphonic black metal band. Anorexia Nervosa then went on hiatus for three years, returning with a new album, Redemption Process in 2004, now on Listenable Records.

Approximately one year later, the band released The September E.P. which features a director's cut of Sister September, three cover tracks, and four live tracks. The EP was released to be a "goodie" from the band until they are ready to record their next studio album.

On 20 December 2005 vocalist Rose Hreidmarr quit the band. His statement on the matter reads as follows:

"'Leaving Anorexia Nervosa was definitely not the easiest thing to do as we've shared so much during our time together as this band had become a vivid part of my daily life. For seven years, the band has been giving me so many opportunities on a musical and human level and has heavily contributed to become the person I'm today. Still, I honestly thought I had reached the end of a personal era with the album 'Redemption Process' and I now feel the need to take a different path. I'm also absolutely proud of what I have been able to achieve with the rest of the band members who will always remain my best friends and I wish them the very best for the future.'"

Soon afterwards, the remaining band members held auditions for a new singer, but failure to find a replacement has caused guitarist Stéphane Bayle to put the band in "stand-by" mode, fearing the group may become "some sort of parody" of itself. A decade following the start of their hiatus, their future still remains unclear.

Since his departure from Anorexia Nervosa, Rose Hreidmarr has been singer for The Cosa Nostra Klub, a black/industrial metal band.

Stéphane Bayle and Neb Xort also participated in Jensara Swann and Ben Notox's band The Veil, both on their first album Sleeping Among Serpents, released in 2006 and as session musicians for their first concerts. Neb Xort is still involved with the band as producer, and engineered The Veil's second album Vestige in 2008, and Ad Inferna's Trance N Dance in 2009. Bayle produced The Cosa Nostra Klub's second album, L'Hymne la Joie, in 2007.

Musical style
In the band's early days as Necromancia, the band played death metal, exemplified on their demo The Garden of Delight; but began to incorporate elements of industrial metal in their sound, which laid the basis for the dissonant and experimental sound on their debut album, Exile, which often switched between fast tempos and thrashing guitars back to a slow, ambient style, complemented with a grim vocal delivery. Nonetheless, with the departure of original vocalist Stéphane Gerbaud and the entry of R.M.S. Hreidmarr, the band went through a seismic genre shift, abandoning their early industrial death metal sound for a symphonic black metal sound, comparable to Cradle of Filth, which is considered the band's signature sound.

The band's debut, Exile, a concept album, based itself on themes of neurosis and experimentation on madness. Violence and depression would largely feature as the main source of the band's lyricism. However, Redemption Process is a concept album that focuses on lyrics about finding redemption.

Final members

 * Stéphane Bayle: guitar (1995–2005)
 * Nilcas Vant: drums (1995–2005)
 * Pier Couquet: bass (1995–2005)
 * Neb Xort: keyboards (1998–2005)

Former members

 * Marc Zabé: guitar, keyboards (1995–1998)
 * Stéphane Gerbaud: vocals (1995–1998)
 * Nicolas "R.M.S." Saint-Morand: vocals (1998–2005)

Timeline

Studio albums

 * Exile (1997)
 * Drudenhaus (2000)
 * New Obscurantis Order (2001)
 * Redemption Process (2004)

EPs

 * Sodomizing the Archedangel (1999)
 * The September E.P. (2005)

Demos

 * The Garden of Delight (1993)
 * Nihil Negativum (1995)

Compilation albums

 * Suicide Is Sexy (2004)

Bootleg albums

 * Disturbed (2009)

title: Anorexia Nervosa (band)


text:
Chepping Wycombe

Chepping Wycombe is a civil parish in the ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire, England. The parish includes the three large villages of Tylers Green, Loudwater, and Flackwell Heath. The central part of the parish comprises extensive business and industrial development lying adjacent and underneath an elevated section of the M40 in the valley of the River Wye.

The name is a variant of earlier Chipping, from the Old English word cieping, 'market' or 'market-place'. Historically, Chepping or Chipping Wycombe was the formal name of the ancient borough and later municipal borough of High Wycombe or Much-Wiccomb. It was also the name of the ancient parish which included the borough and extended further than the borough boundary to also cover the surrounding rural area.

The ancient parish of Chepping Wycombe was split in 1866, with the part inside the borough becoming a separate civil parish called "Wycombe" or "Wycombe Borough", leaving the reduced parish of Chepping Wycombe covering the more rural areas outside the borough. Between 1868 and 1880 the parish of Chepping Wycombe was governed by a Local Board of Health. The board was abolished in 1880 when the borough boundaries were extended, notably taking in Wycombe Marsh and other areas from Chepping Wycombe parish. However, the parish boundaries were not changed to match the new borough boundary in 1880, and so the parish of Chepping Wycombe again found itself part inside and part outside the borough. In 1894, when parish councils were introduced under the Local Government Act 1894, the civil parish of Chepping Wycombe was split between the urban area of High Wycombe (Chepping Wycombe Urban parish) and the rural areas outside the borough to the east (Chepping Wycombe Rural parish). The parish was reduced in size in 1901 ceding land to the adjacent High Wycombe parish and its boundaries were further changed in 1934. Chepping Wycombe Rural parish was renamed simply Chepping Wycombe in 1949.

Today the areas which comprised the historic borough and that of the civil parish, (the residual part of the ecclesiastical parish) together with West Wycombe constitute the majority of the present-day High Wycombe Urban Area.

title: Chepping Wycombe


text:
1847 in sports

1847 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

Baseball
Events
 * Army of occupation plays baseball in Santa Barbara, California, alienating the local people.

Boxing
Events
 * William Thompson retains the Championship of England but there is no record of any fights involving him in 1847.

Cricket
Events England
 * William Clarke's All-England Eleven (AEE), formed in 1846, becomes a major attraction and plays numerous matches throughout England
 * Most runs – Nicholas Felix 591 @ 28.14 (HS 113)
 * Most wickets – William Hillyer 134 @ 16.15 (BB 8–?)

Football
Events
 * Another set of public school rules is created at Harrow which, like Eton, plays the "dribbling game".

Horse racing
England
 * Grand National – Mathew
 * 1,000 Guineas Stakes – Clementina
 * 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Conyngham
 * The Derby – Cossack
 * The Oaks – Miami
 * St. Leger Stakes – Van Tromp

Rowing
The Boat Race
 * The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race is not held this year

title: 1847 in sports


text:
1844 in sports

1844 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

Boxing
Events
 * Ben Caunt and Tom Hyer retain the Championships of England and the United States respectively but there is no record of any fights involving either of them in 1844.

Cricket
Events England
 * First ever international cricket match, between Canada and the United States, takes place at St George's Cricket Club in New York.
 * Most runs – Fuller Pilch 517 @ 17.82 (HS 50)
 * Most wickets – William Hillyer 142 @ 11.98 (BB 7–41)

Horse racing
England
 * Grand National – Discount
 * 1,000 Guineas Stakes – Sorella
 * 2,000 Guineas Stakes – The Ugly Buck
 * The Derby – Orlando
 * The Oaks – The Princess
 * St. Leger Stakes – Faugh-a-Ballagh

Lacrosse
Events
 * Montreal's Olympic Club organises a team specifically to play a match against an indigenous team

Rowing
The Boat Race
 * The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race is not held this year

title: 1844 in sports


text:
Bowmore

Bowmore (Bogh Mòr, 'Big Bend' ) is a small town on the Scottish island of Islay. It serves as administrative capital of the island, and gives its name to the noted Bowmore distillery producing Bowmore single malt scotch whisky.

History

Bowmore is a planned village with wide streets on a grid-iron pattern. It has its origins in an earlier settlement, Kilarrow, which until c. 1770 occupied the site of the present grounds of Islay House near Bridgend.

In May 1685, Kilarrow was the scene of the first stages of Argyll's Rising, when rebels under the Earl of Argyll arrived from Netherlands in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow King James II and VII.

As part of his plans for improvements at Islay House, Daniel Campbell the Younger initiated the construction of the new village in 1770, just after the completion of the new Kilarrow Parish Church, which was built in a unique circular shape. The old village of Kilarrow and its church dedicated to St Maelrhuba, were then demolished, and its residents were relocated to the new village of Bowmore. Kilarrow Old Churchyard still exists close to the site of the former village.

The Bowmore distillery came into operation some time before 1816 and is situated on the shores of Loch Indaal. In the 1980s, one of the distillery's warehouses was gifted to the community for conversion to a swimming pool and leisure centre. Named the Mactaggart Centre after one of the scheme's major donors, Sir John Mactaggart, it uses an innovative system of underground pipes to transfer waste heat from the distillery to the water for the swimming pool.

Bowmore in WWII
There was a RAF seaplane base at Bowmore during the Second World War called RAF Bowmore. Short Sunderland and Consolidated PBY Catalina flying boats operated from Loch Indaal. Some of the wartime film Coastal Command was filmed in Bowmore - fictional name RAF Ferry Bay - and it features a shot of a Sunderland flying low over the main street of Bowmore and over Kilarrow Parish Church.

The RAF built a diesel power station close to the A846 road at the eastern end of Bowmore, to supply their facilities. This was taken over by the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board in 1949, and was extended several times, increasing its capacity to 6 MW. However, the National Grid reached Islay in 1962, with an undersea cable connection from the mainland to Jura, and another from Jura to Islay, after which the station was only maintained as a backup. It is currently owned by Scottish and Southern Electricity.

Facilities
Bowmore has several hotels, restaurants, shops, a hospital, a high school and is home to the Ìleach newspaper, community newspaper of the year 2006. Bowmore is also host to Ionad Chaluim Chille Ìle (the Columba Centre), a cultural centre and college founded with the aim of promoting Gaelic language revival and heritage on the Island.

Noted residents

 * Donald Caskie, noted as the "Tartan Pimpernel" for his wartime exploits in France, is one of Bowmore's most noted sons. He was responsible for the safe passage of numerous exiles through the Scots Kirk in Paris during World War II, risking both life and limb.
 * In more recent times, Glenn Campbell can be seen regularly on BBC Scotland as their political correspondent.
 * William Livingstone (Uilleam Mac Dhunlèibhe) (1808–1870), an important figure in 19th-century Scottish Gaelic literature and chronicler of the Highland Clearances upon Islay, was born upon Gartmain farm near Bowmore.

title: Bowmore