text:
Talk:Joe Namath

How Did a Good Athlete Like Namath Avoid the Draft and Vietnam?
In preparing Namath's biography, the wider context cannot be ignored. Was Namath able to avoid the military draft by claiming bad knees? With millions of American boys being drafted and sent to war, how did Namath avoid having his sports career disrupted? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.44.153.18 (talk) 15:43, 5 December 2008 (UTC)

 * Anyone looking objectively at Namath's medical history would conclude that he did not have merely to "claim" bad knees, he definitely had bad knees starting with his injuries in college. Football is a game. If your knees give out you will be carried off the field to applause and another quarterback will get the chance to show what he can do. If you are a great passer (no one claimed Namath was a great runner) your team may spend tens of thousands of dollars try to repair your knees. The army is different. If your knees give out they will probably carry you off the field in a body bag -- and perhaps your comrades who needed you in fighting shape. If you are not killed, the army does not want to foot the bill to repair your preexisting knee condition. Around the same time Namath was playing there was a pro quarterback with only one good eye who never-the-less could complete passes well enough to be a star.  The army just doesn't recruit one-eyed soldiers, either. I know it doesn't seem fair that these semi-handicapped athletes can grow rich while low-paid privates take bullets in battle, but war is not a game; football is.—Blanchette (talk) 05:48, 25 January 2009 (UTC)

Joe Namath's Broadway Joe's Stock
Please tell me how to redeem Broadway Joe's stock I have some and really need the money   No will answer  me    Please contact me     Or Marie  phone #  Thank you for your attention

 * Sorry to inform you, Mariemac, but Broadway Joe's Pub was dissolved in 1972 and its stock has no equity value. If you have stock certificate(s) in good good condition they have some collectors value. For dealers, do a web search on: Broadway Joe's Stock. This is not likely to solve your money problems, unfortunately.—Blanchette (talk) 05:10, 25 January 2009 (UTC)

Encyclopedia Entry or glowing biography?
Can anyone argue that this article is truly neutral and not just a fun read about a great sports figure? Please read this part of the entry on his last year with the Rams: "He did not play again, but redemption and a Hollywood ending was there for the taking. After a disastrous three quarters of turnovers and only trailing by seven points in the opening round of the play-offs, head coach Chuck Knox seemed ready to pull Pat Haden and insert Namath. Rams assistant coach Kay Stephenson said Joe looked great warming-up in the third quarter and advised Knox to put him in"

It is goofy and full of speculation and an overt desire for a hollywood ending. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.6.185.21 (talk) 10:34, 1 January 2010 (UTC)

Who cares? Profhum (talk) 07:09, 11 April 2015 (UTC)

Joe's drunken on-air comments
I edited this part of the section about controversy to reflect a more neutral point of view. The article seemed to blow the incident off by stating that he "jokingly" told the interviewer that he wanted to kiss her. How are we to know whether Joe was joking or not? The section also included a personal interpretation of what Joe meant by his "I couldn't care less about the team struggling," comment. This was also revised.

Nice edit. --Jaisonline 16:24, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Movie and television career
The Movie and television career section really needs updating. For example, Namath also performed in numerous musicals and plays (one even on Broadway) usually to rave reviews. I'm currently reading the book "Namath" and will come back to edit / append to this section. --Jaisonline 19:00, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

 * He was in a film called Norwood with Glen Campbell in 1970. In one scene, he gets to toss a football.  I'd read that the director didn't like the way he did it, and so proceeded to instruct Mr. Namath as to how to throw a football. WHPratt (talk) 16:31, 19 June 2012 (UTC)

Personal Life
Prob would make sense to create this section. It can contain refs to his marriage, two children and friendships (etc..)  What do you all think? --Jaisonline 19:02, 26 January 2007 (UTC) I just read on ESPM.com they are making a moving of him. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.186.159.11 (talk) 23:16, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

I was wondering this too. I see this was mentioned 3 years ago. Every other Wikipedia article has one. Is he married now? I seem to remember him being a notorious playboy. Didn't he pose for playgirl magazine? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Robinrobin (talk • contribs) 14:26, 23 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Just get reliable sources and put it in. Marriages etc. are encyclopedic. Niteshift36 (talk) 17:22, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

Remembering.
As a kid, I distinctly remeber two things in contrast to this article. 1. The first contest between Green Bay and K.C. was already called the Super Bowl. 2. Joe Namath wore a Fu-Manchu with the lower lip "goatee" during the Super Bowl. I know, I could reproduce it perfectly in every magazine in our junior high library. Check the cover of S.I. covering Super Bowl III. "Super Hero Super Joe" showed him taking a hit from a squirt bottle. Also, I remember all the West-Texas stiff-upper-lip Republican types calling him a homo for wearing WHITE SHOES. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 65.38.10.84 (talk) 15:52, 1 May 2007 (UTC).

Joe Willy
Namath's birth name is Joseph Michael Namath. Joseph and Michael are common names for Hungarian-American males. While Howard Cosell's use of the nickname Joe Willy made it more famous, it began at the University of Alabama. There, One night after a winning performance with Tide on way to no. 1, Namath- a little boozed up, flashed for some coed, and that caused his being suspended 1-2 games. Then, he was known on campus shortly thereafter, as "Joe Willy".

While Namath was respected and liked on campus, he never came to party at the frequent frat parties as many of his team mates did; Why i don't know. But I guess this incident made him uncharacteristically shy.

/s "Memories from Bama" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.195.78.238 (talk) 16:57, 20 January 2008 (UTC)

Category:Transcendental Meditation practitioners
Editors can look at this source, if you find it notable you can add something to the article and add the TM category also as you see fit. http://www.latimes.com/news/la-me-maharishi6feb06,1,1158944.story

Namath listed on NFL Top 100
Joe Namath was ranked #100 on the NFL Channel's The Top 100 Greatest Players. (2010). Presenter: Spike Lee. Cjstanonis (talk) 19:53, 25 September 2010 (UTC)

Black teammates?
The article says there was some friction between Namath and other white players on the Tide over his defense of black teammates. Who were these black teammates? Considering it is believed that Alabama did not begin the integration of SEC football teams until 1970-1971, evidence of the existence of black players on the team during Namath's time at the University would be truly groundbreaking. Sadly, the source referenced, an ESPN page, doesnt even make the claim, or mention race relations at all. (Frankly, I dont expect fairness or accuracy where the Capstone is concerned. The BEST is always hated by the rest.)  69.180.19.217 (talk) 15:08, 14 November 2010 (UTC)ROLLTIDEROLL

College graduation date conflict
There are two dates given for his (eventual) college degree -- 2006 and 2007. 2006 is given regarding his mother's preference for a football path via attending college, but later 2007 is cited.69.113.81.241 (talk) 03:35, 7 July 2011 (UTC)

Not hall of fame numbers
65 rating ranks near the bottom of every teams qbs. not sure how he got into the NFL hall of fame. Seems to me he is all flash and no substance. May more Ints then TDs. Need to find an article supporting this to add to page. Namath is not Hall of Fall material for his on feild preformance. 24.101.172.61 (talk) 03:21, 22 November 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm not entirely sure what you're trying to accomplish here. Your opinion does not change the fact that he is in the HoF. -- The Writer 2.0 Talk 03:26, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

Yeah your right but I was looking for an article to support my idea that Namath didn't have the numbers to make HOF. It doesn't take much to see his numbers are crap. I believe a section stating Namath makes HOF spite his numbers would add to the article.24.101.172.61 (talk) 03:34, 22 November 2012 (UTC)
 * You might add that he was no threat to run for a first down, as most QBs have to do now and then to compensate, and that doesn't show up in the QB Rating. WHPratt (talk) 14:46, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Okay, for expert opinion, you might look at The Hidden Game of Football, by Bob Carroll, Pete Palmer and John Thorn; Warner Books, 1989. The authors rate the all-time players using various statistics and nominate underrated and overrated ones.  Their picks for ten Hall-of-Famers who shouldn’t be there are Doug Atkins, George Musso, Jim Langer, Johnny Blood, Walt Kiesling, Joe Namath, Paul Horning, Joe Guyon, Alex Wojciechowicz and Wayne Millner.  That list is supposedly best-to-worst, which suggests that Namath is in their bottom five.
 * He certainly deserves a break for being famous, and he did a lot to put the AFL "on the map." Does that outweigh the numbers he put up? WHPratt (talk) 00:36, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Namath in entire career, in both college and pros, threw way harder than most causing, not few, but 1000s of drops that were drops of dead on, exactly accurately passes. This ruined his stats and all who have any sense at all know this. His accuracy was near perfect and so with that factored in, he is considered by pro's who understand all this, as one of best quarterbacks of all time. As the article's remarks e.g. by Shula, Coach Bryant, etc show.

 * It's called the Hall of Fame, not 'The Hall of Stats'. Being famous is the key criterion. many players with great stats will never ever be in the Hall of Fame,because they lacked something, e.g. Drew Bledsoe - When Bledsoe retired, he ranked fifth in NFL history in pass attempts (6,717) and completions (3,839), seventh in passing yards (44,611), and 13th in touchdown passes (251). you cannot argue than Namath was not and is not still famous. Romi56 (talk) 15:52, 15 February 2015 (UTC)

To this debate I would add that the game was quite different back in the 1960s and 70s when Namath played, being generally hostile to the passing element. Matters began to change with Bradshaw's heroics in the Super Bowls of the latter 1970s and early 80s, and then with numerous QBs and teams subsequently favoring the pass in the 1980s, such as the 49ers, the Chargers, and the Dolphins. Yet it was a much different and slower game back then, and players, coaches and the public expected different things from you. Secondly, and even though I saw him right at the end of his time with the Jets, I have never seen a Quarterback throw quite like him. What a beautiful arm he had. The only way to experience his ability to pass and lead a team is to watch a game back then and from start to finish, if such still exists. Does he deserve to be in the Hall? I would say yes, because of his achievements on the field added to the fact that he became an icon for the sport even up to the present day. (John G. Lewis (talk) 07:41, 17 December 2018 (UTC))

Other recent activity
Namath past 43 years runs a football camp for kids that are well regarded, each preseason summer, in which 100s of kids are given some solid, coaching by not only Namath, but other pro's. Adding this info to the article would be good, as in many ways, it is one of Joe's most lasting achievements - bringing along many new players. And esp, in these many summer camps, there is special heavy emphasis on what Joe feels is the best lasting result of sports at all levels, and esp football, that is, of solid training of kids characters. Ref http://www.joenamathcamp.com/ wherein it relates that these camps have been held 43 years ?1981 to present. 47.18.43.166 (talk) 09:55, 30 November 2014 (UTC)head coach bare jr

In the section which states Namath now appears in commercials for an "insurance agency" called Medicare Coverage Helpline...a little due diligence would find that this firm is a lead generator, and not an insurance agency. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jonnycando (talk • contribs) 14:22, 8 June 2020 (UTC)

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Ancestry
"His parents were of Hungarian descent... His Hungarian-born grandfather, András "Andrew" Németh..." The name Németh is probably derived from the Hungarian word német, which means "German". I.e. the Németh family is likely to have had some German roots. No idea if this is worth looking into or writing about. 2601:648:8202:96B0:0:0:0:E118 (talk) 04:42, 2 February 2020 (UTC)

Joe Namath did not win a national championship in 1964, the Arkansas razorbacks beat Texas who beat Alabama.
Joe Dlcpa (talk) 19:13, 24 October 2020 (UTC)

Playgirl Magazine Centerfold Joe Namath
Wasn’t Joe Namath a centerfold for Playgirl Magazine? 65.36.112.150 (talk) 13:28, 16 November 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Joe Namath


text:
Eriophyllum lanatum

Eriophyllum lanatum, with the common names common woolly sunflower, Oregon sunshine and golden yarrow, is a common, widespread, North American plant in the family Asteraceae.

Description
Eriophyllum lanatum is a perennial herb growing from 30 to 60 cm in height, in well-branched clumps. Both the stems and leaves may be covered with a woolly gray hair, but some plants lack this. The leaves are 2.5-7.5 cm long, linear on the upper stems, and slender and pinnately lobed on the lower stems. The hairs conserve water by reflecting heat and reducing air movement across the leaf's surface.

The flowers are yellow and composite, looking much like true sunflowers, and sometimes grow to about 5 cm wide. Both the (8–12) ray and disk flowers are yellow, with one flower head on each flowering stalk. The flower heads have 6–14 rays, which are darker towards the base, and several disk flowers. They bloom from May to August. The seeds have scales at the tip.

Taxonomy
The Lewis and Clark Expedition reportedly saw this plant growing above their camp on the Clearwater River (near present-day Kamiah, Idaho), and collected two specimens on 6 June 1806. Botanist Frederick Traugott Pursh studied the plants collected on the expedition; his first classification and naming of the species, as Actinella lanata, was published in 1813.

The common name "woolly sunflower" is often used to describe any member of the genus Eriophyllum.

Varieties
Varieties include:
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. achillioides (DC.) Jeps. — California, Nevada, Oregon.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. arachnoideum (Fisch. & Avé-Lall.) Jeps. — Spiderweb sunflower; endemic to the California Coast Ranges from Del Norte County to Monterey County in California.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. croceum (Greene) Jeps. — Sierra woolly sunflower; endemic to the Sierra Nevada in California.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. grandiflorum (A.Gray) Jeps. — Large flowered woolly sunflower; northern California, Oregon.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. hallii Constance — Fort Tejon woolly sunflower,  Hall's woolly sunflower; endemic to the Tehachapi Mountains in Kern County, and Sierra Madre Mountains in Santa Barbara County, in southern California.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. integrifolium (Hook.) Smiley — Oregon sunshine; California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. lanatum — Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. lanceolatum (Howell) Jeps. — endemic to the Klamath Mountains, in NW California and SW Oregon.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. leucophyllum (DC.) W.R.Carter — British Columbia, Oregon, Washington.
 * Eriophyllum lanatum var. obovatum (Greene) H.M.Hall — Southern Sierra woolly sunflower; endemic to the western Sierra Nevada and the San Bernardino Mountains in California.

Distribution and habitat
Eriophyllum lanatum is native to western North America. It is most common across California, also growing north through Oregon into British Columbia and east through Idaho into Wyoming, and through Nevada into Utah. This species has only been collected from Mexico once, on Guadalupe Island, and it is most likely extirpated there.

It can be found (for instance in California) in chaparral, oak woodland, mixed evergreen forest, and yellow pine forest and other conifer forests, grassland, and sagebrush scrub habitats. It commonly grows in dry, open places below 10000 ft in elevation. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil, but it also grows on rocky slopes and bluffs.

title: Eriophyllum lanatum


text:
USS California (CGN-36)

USS California (CGN-36), the lead ship of the California-class cruiser-class of nuclear-powered guided missile cruisers, was the sixth warship of the United States Navy to be named for the state of California. She was the last active nuclear-powered cruiser for the United States (USS South Carolina (CGN-37) was deactivated nearly a month before USS California, with the other seven U.S. nuclear-powered cruisers having been deactivated and decommissioned prior to that).

USS California and her sister ship, USS South Carolina (CGN-37) were equipped with two single-armed Mk 13 launchers, fore and aft, for the Standard Missile, one ASROC missile launcher, and two Mk-141 launchers for the Harpoon missiles. These cruisers were equipped with two 5-inch/54 calibre Mk 45 guns rapid-fire cannons, fore and aft. The two cruisers also had a unique arrangement aft of their superstructures with a flight deck and lowerable safety fences. Both cruisers also had full suites of anti-submarine warfare equipment. Thus, these warships were designed to combat all threats, in the air, on the surface, and underwater.

History
The contract to build California was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia, on 13 June 1968 and her keel was laid down on 23 January 1970. She was launched on 22 September 1971 sponsored with a "near miss" of the champagne bottle by First Lady of the United States Pat Nixon, and commissioned on 16 February 1974 by The Honorable James E. Johnson, Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs). She was commissioned as a destroyer leader (DLGN), but her designation was changed to a guided-missile cruiser (CGN) on 30 June 1975. California suffered minor stern damage on 6 June 1977 when high winds in Norfolk harbor broke her moorings and the cruiser drifted in into the frigate USS Thomas C. Hart (FF-1092).

California represented the U.S. Navy in the Silver Jubilee naval review in Portsmouth, England in 1977, honoring Queen Elizabeth II. In January 1980, California was diverted from a Mediterranean cruise to the Indian Ocean due to the hostage situation in Iran. The ship left the Mediterranean and ran at flank speed south through the Atlantic, around Africa, and up into the Indian Ocean. In April 1980, this ship along with forces from the Air Force, Marines, and Army participated in "Operation Eagle Claw," the failed attempt to rescue hostages in Iran.

In 1981, California circumnavigated the globe, becoming the first nuclear-powered warship to do so since the USS Enterprise (CVN-65) and her task force of two nuclear-powered escorts had done so in 1964, in "Operation Sea Orbit".

In September 1983, the "Golden Grizzly" left Norfolk for the last time, steaming through the Panama Canal to its new homeport, Naval Air Station, Alameda, California. The ship embarked on its first Western Pacific and Indian Ocean cruise in February 1985 as a member of the USS Constellation (CV-64) battle group. During the spring of 1986, California conducted several weeks of Bering Sea operations and became the first cruiser to visit Adak, Alaska, since World War II. She again deployed to the Western Pacific and completed a second "Around-the-World" cruise in 1987.

The year 1988 brought continued high-tempo operations as California cruised the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans for a third time. The ship served as battle group Anti-Surface Warfare Commander during the RIMPAC 88 exercise as well as for Olympic Presence Operations off the Korean Peninsula. Subsequently, during her 1988–1989 deployment, California assumed duties as Anti-Air Warfare Commander for operations in the North Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf. While assigned patrol duties in the Strait of Hormuz in December 1988, California conducted the last USN Earnest Will convoy mission through the strait.

The summer of 1989 saw California tasked with Northern Pacific operations as part of a CNO project to study the effects of Near-Land Operating Areas on carrier battle group operations. In September and October 1989, California participated as an anti-air-warfare picket ship in PACEX 89, the largest combined sailing of U. S. and allied naval units since World War II.

1990s
In April 1990, California entered the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington, for a three-year refueling complex overhaul, including two new D2G high endurance reactor cores in her engineering plant with adequate fuel capacity to power the ship for more than 20 years of normal operations, and the New Threat Upgrade Combat Systems Suite. The overhaul cost approximately $425 million. Upon completion of the overhaul in January 1993, California began a series of exercises and evaluations in preparation for deployment. These included independent training in all aspects of its mission as well as coordinated battle group exercises. The timing of this overhaul would prove crucial to the ship's longevity, as it allowed the two California-class cruisers (California and South Carolina) to survive their successor CGNs.

Two years later, when the four newer Virginia-class cruisers came up for refueling, the Navy balked at the cost. The Virginia-class cruisers were decommissioned shortly afterwards, while the three-year overhaul on the California-class cruisers improved a platform whose nuclear propulsion system gave it immense flexibility.

In June 1994, California joined the USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) battle group in the Western Pacific for the ship's first deployment in five years. California exchanged personnel with the Republic of Korea Navy for a combined exercise and with the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force for ANNUALEX 06G and Keen Edge 95. The cruiser also took part in a LINKEX exercise with United States forces in and near Korea, establishing the most extensive tactical data link ever in this region. The deployment wrapped up with participation in Tandem Thrust 95, a joint exercise with the armed forces of the United States, Australia, and several allied nations. California then returned to her home at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard just before Christmas 1994.

In 1995, California completed a four-month maintenance availability, improving the reliability of her propulsion plant and updating her combat systems. In September 1995, California sailed in a parade of ships through Pearl Harbor as part of the ceremony commemorating the end of World War II.

In May 1996, California left for the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans and the Persian Gulf on a routine six-month deployment with the USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70) Battle Group. California received the Meritorious Unit Commendation for operations Southern Watch and Desert Strike for shared duties as Air Warfare Commander for the Carl Vinson Battle Group.

Having completed a short but intense maintenance period in the spring of 1997, California conducted a series of training operations and evaluations including a live-fire missile exercise, and Operational Reactor Safeguards Examination, and a Final Evaluation Period. California was awarded the Battle Efficiency Award for outstanding operational readiness throughout 1997.

In January 1998, California deployed to the Eastern Pacific and the Caribbean Sea in support of Counterdrug Operations as the Air Warfare Commander for the Joint Inter-Agency Task Force (JIATF) East. In July, she gave her last "Grizzly Roar" by participating in RIMPAC 98 as a member of the Bilateral force. The improvements made during 1990 overhaul could not save either of the California cruisers. By 1998, they cost about $38.8 million to man, operate, and maintain. A typical Ticonderoga-class cruiser cost about $29.5 million annually. California-class ships lacked helicopter hangars, antisubmarine warfare weapons, and required costly nuclear-trained crews. The California class took on board roughly 600 officers and crewmen, while the conventionally powered Ticonderoga-class cruisers carry fewer than 400.

The deactivation ceremony for California was held on 28 August 1998 at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington.

Decommissioning
USS California was deactivated on 1 October 1998, then decommissioned and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 9 July 1999. She was disposed of in the U.S. Navy's Nuclear-Powered Ship-Submarine recycling program at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. Her recycling and scrapping was completed on 12 May 2000.

Awards
California received a number of awards and commendations during her career. According to the U.S. Navy unit awards site, she received the Meritorious Unit Commendation six times, in 1980, 1986, 1987, 1994, 1995 and 1996; she received the Battle Efficiency "E" for outstanding combat preparedness in 1976, 1977, 1980, 1994, 1995, 1997 and 1998. California was awarded the Navy Expeditionary Medal three times, the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal twice (Persian Gulf 1988 and 1996), and the Southwest Asia Service Medal (1991). Two of the Navy Expeditionary Medals were given for service in 1980 and 1981 and were for "Iran/Indian Ocean." The third was awarded for service in 1987 for "Persian Gulf."

In fiction
The writer J. Lanier Yeates served aboard USS California in 1974 and 1998. In 2005, he wrote the novel Bay of One Hundred Fires, an alternate history work of fiction in which USS California is overhauled and upgraded, and then plays a key role in fighting the armed forces of the Iraqi President, Saddam Hussein, who had created a stockpile of weapons of mass destruction.

Author Dale Brown featured USS California in his novel Silver Tower. The main character's father was the Commanding Officer.

Author Charles D. Taylor has USS California in his novel Show of Force. The book begins on the bridge of USS California.

Captains

 * August 1971 – 26 March 1976	Captain Floyd H. Miller,
 * 26 March 1976 – June 1979	Captain William O. Rentz,
 * June 1979 – September 1982	Captain Charles J. Smith,
 * September 1982 – November 1985	Captain Gaylord O. Paulson,
 * November 1985 – August 1988	Captain Richard D. Williams III,
 * August 1988 – December 1991	Captain Barry V. Burrow,
 * December 1991 – January 1995	Captain Ray Wallace,
 * January 1995 – October 1997	Captain Robert P. Perry,
 * October 1997 – 9 July 1999	Captain Steven K. Johnson

title: USS California (CGN-36)


text:
William Wain Prior

William Wain Prior (18 July 1876 – 9 March 1946) was a Danish Lieutenant general and the Chief of the Royal Danish Army from 1939 to 1941.

Life and career
Following the death of Johan Christian Lund, in 1931, Prior became chief of the General Staff.

On 1 December 1939, Prior replaced Erik With as chief of the General Command.

World War II
Before the Occupation of Denmark by Germany in 1940, Prior encouraged the Danish government to increase the strength of the army. These requests, however, were not accepted by the majority of the Danish parliament, who feared that increased military strength might provoke Nazi Germany.

When Germany invaded Denmark in 1940, he argued that the Danish army should actively defend the country, even when Germany threatened through the dropping the OPROP! leaflets to bomb the capital of Copenhagen. However, the Danish government did not agree to this, due to concerns that major Danish cities like Copenhagen might suffer the same destruction that other cities like Warsaw had just experienced during the German invasion of Poland. The government was also well aware that Denmark's position was untenable; it was too small and too flat to hold out against the Wehrmacht for a sustained period.

Prior continued as Commander-in-Chief of the Danish Army during the early part of the German occupation, and worked actively to prevent the Danish army from becoming involved on the German side during World War II. He resigned as Commander-in-Chief in October 1941 and was replaced by Lieutenant General Ebbe Gørtz.

title: William Wain Prior


text:
BA20

BA20 may refer to:

 * Brodmann area 20, a part of the temporal cortex in the human brain
 * BA-20, an armored car developed in the Soviet Union in 1936
 * A postcode district in the BA postcode area
 * A type of bayonet mount fastening mechanism
 * Band Aid 20

title: BA20


text: User talk:85.70.73.155

title: User talk:85.70.73.155


text:
Talk:TERAFLOPS

TFLOPS is covered on the FLOPS page

title: Talk:TERAFLOPS


text:
Yōko Matsuyama

Yōko Matsuyama (松山 容子) is a Japanese actress best known for her work in the Crimson Bat series.

Filmography

 * Crimson Bat (紅蝙蝠) (1958)
 * Meiji fuusetsu: Yawara sempuu (明治の風雪　柔旋風) (1965)
 * Tsuzuki yawara sempuu: Shitennou tanjyou (続・柔旋風　四天王誕生) (1965)
 * Crimson Bat (めくらのお市物語)
 * Crimson Bat: The Blind Swordsman (めくらのお市物語　真っ赤な流れ鳥) (1969)
 * Trapped, the Crimson Bat (めくらのお市　地獄肌) (1969)
 * Watch Out, Crimson Bat! (めくらのお市　みだれ笠) (1969)
 * Crimson Bat - Oichi: Wanted, Dead or Alive (めくらのお市　命貰います) (1970)

title: Yōko Matsuyama


text: User talk:205.222.94.178

title: User talk:205.222.94.178


text:
Category:Incest

Incest among humans is sexual activity between close family members. In many countries it may be a taboo and/or a criminal offence.

Note that some articles in this category are merely "alleged incest".

title: Category:Incest


text:
Chevy Chase (Washington, D.C.)

Chevy Chase is a neighborhood in northwest Washington, D.C. It borders Chevy Chase, Maryland.

Geography
The neighborhood is generally agreed to be bounded by Rock Creek Park on the east, Western Avenue (which divides D.C. and Maryland) and Tennyson Street on the north, and, to the west, Reno Road and the Friendship Heights neighborhood. Opinions differ on the southern boundary, where Chevy Chase meets Forest Hills, but many residents consider it to be Broad Branch Road between 32nd and 27th streets. The main roads leading in and out of Chevy Chase, D.C. are Connecticut Avenue, Nebraska Avenue, Reno Road, Military Road and Western Avenue. The area is served by the M4, L2, L8, E2, and E4 Metrobus lines. Chevy Chase is within walking distance of three Red Line stations: Van Ness-UDC, Tenleytown-AU, and Friendship Heights. The public schools that serve Chevy Chase are Lafayette Elementary, Ben W. Murch Elementary, Alice Deal Middle School, and Jackson-Reed High School.

History
In the late 1880s, then-Representative Francis G. Newlands of Nevada and his partners began to buy up farmland in northwest Washington, D.C., and southern Montgomery County, Maryland, to develop a residential streetcar suburb. (See Washington streetcars.) They founded the Chevy Chase Land Company in 1890, and its eventual holdings are now known as this neighborhood and Chevy Chase, Maryland. Chevy Chase D.C. was developed beginning in the early 1900s after construction was completed on the Chevy Chase Line, a streetcar line stretching to and beyond the northwestern boundary of the District of Columbia, thereby linking the area to downtown. Over succeeding decades, the formerly remote area was transformed from farmland and woods to middle-class housing. Chevy Chase D.C. includes many kit houses, including Sears Catalog Homes and others, a popular housing option in the early twentieth century that allowed individuals of modest means to order by mail the materials and instructions for a home and build it themselves.

The neighborhood's major commercial road is Connecticut Avenue NW. The street is home to commercial establishments, apartments, a community center, and a regional branch of the D.C. Public Library. Unlike many urban neighborhoods that have lost local businesses to large chains and suburban malls, the small, generally locally owned businesses along Connecticut Avenue remain and are well patronized by the local population. These businesses include Magruder's Supermarket, established in 1875; and the Avalon Theatre, which opened in 1923 as a silent film house and ran until the theater underwent renovations in 2003. The Avalon thereafter reopened as a non-profit movie theater.

The area's parks include Rock Creek Park, Lafayette-Pointer Park, and Livingston Park.

Electoral boundaries redrawn
Until 2002, the entire neighborhood was located in Ward 3. After the 2000 census revealed an increase in population in Ward 3 and a decrease in population in Ward 4, the Council of the District of Columbia voted to reassign the portion of the neighborhood east of Broad Branch Road to Ward 4 as of January 1, 2002. Many residents were upset at the decision. The Chevy Chase Civic Association sued to prevent the redistricting on the grounds that it would reduce African American voting strength in Ward 3 and would result in unconstitutional and racially motivated gerrymandering. The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia upheld the redistricting, as did the U.S. Court of Appeals. After the redistricting, the neighborhood's Advisory Neighborhood Commission was called 3/4G.

In 2023, the Chevy Chase DC Conservancy (CCDCC) applied to designate the neighborhood a historic district by the District’s Historic Preservation Review Board.

Education
The neighborhood is served by the District of Columbia Public Schools, including Lafayette Elementary, Alice Deal Junior High School, and Jackson-Reed High School. Private schools in Chevy Chase D.C. include St. John's College High School, a private, co-educational Catholic high school; and Blessed Sacrament School, a Catholic elementary school that enrolls some non-parishioners and non-Catholics.

The District of Columbia Public Library operates the Chevy Chase Neighborhood Library.

title: Chevy Chase (Washington, D.C.)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Babyaphotoworkshop

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 01:08, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)

Babyaphotoworkshop
This article is to be deleted because it is, in fact, an advertisement of a graphical editor Babyaphotoworkshop. --Maverick 15:41, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. --Tothebarricades.tk 21:42, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete advertising to the nth degree
 * Delete, unfortunately. *discreetly bookmarks linked site to get free graphic editor* ;) --b. Touch 03:05, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - spam. What about the other Babya products: Babya System, Bsuite, Babya E-Type? andy 13:23, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - The other pages don't advertise anything.
 * Delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 01:29, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete all as spam. The sockpuppet vote sure doesn't help the "keep" cause.  Will they never learn? - Lucky 6.9 01:51, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, if it isn't advertising then it's trivial. RJFJR 04:23, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, ad. Wyss 00:01, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * delete ad. Yuckfoo 01:07, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Che Kung Temple station

Che Kung Temple is a station on Hong Kong's. It is located on Che Kung Miu Road in Sha Tin in the New Territories. Its position was Sha Tin Tau Temporary Housing Area, so it was provisionally called "Sha Tin Tau" before the Ma On Shan line (the precursor to this section of the Tuen Ma line) opened.

It is located near the Che Kung Miu temple. On the third day of the first month in the Chinese calendar (also known as the third day of the Lunar New Year) many people use the station to get to the temple. The station is always crowded during those days.

Che Kung Temple station serves residential areas such as Chun Shek Estate, Fung Shing Court and Sha Tin Tau New Village. It also serves five schools, three churches and three temples. Although it is called "Che Kung Temple station", Tai Wai is nearer to Che Kung Miu (the temple) than this station.

History
On 21 December 2004, Che Kung Temple station opened to the public together with other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan line was renamed Tuen Ma line Phase 1 at the time. Che Kung Temple station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Che Kung Temple was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout

Like Tai Wai and Hin Keng, Che Kung Temple is one of three Tuen Ma line stations with side platforms. Passengers must choose the right escalator to go to the corresponding platform.

Exits

 * A: Hong Kong Heritage Museum
 * B: Che Kung Temple
 * C: Shing Mun River
 * D: Sha Tin Tau
 * E: The Riverpark (for residents only)
 * F: The Riverpark

Hong Kong Heritage Museum (Exit A)
The Hong Kong Heritage Museum can be seen on the left on a northbound Tuen Ma line train as it approaches the station. The museum itself can be reached by leaving Che Kung Temple station through Exit A and turning left and crossing the bridge over the Shing Mun River.

Che Kung Temple (Exit B)
The Che Kung Temple can be reached by exiting the station through Exit B and turning right. The temple can be seen after a short 300m walk south along Che Kung Miu Road. It should be said, though, that Che Kung Temple is actually closer to Tai Wai station than Che Kung Temple station.

title: Che Kung Temple station


text:
Talk:K-os

Current contest going on for remixed songs for Yes!
I think this deserves mention somewhere in the article. First off, I don't think I've really seen anything like it before: an artist basically releases his entire album for free on a website before he decides to release it for sale, encourages people to make remixes of them, chooses the best ones to put on an separate CD that will come with the actual album, and then pays each person $1000 for their work. Second off, it's a pretty significant event concerning the release of his next album. And third, the info towards the more recent stuff of k-os's career is really lacking, which makes me wonder how it's managed to retain a "featured article" status.

Here's the link with more info:

http://www.indabamusic.com/studio_access/kos

I'd rather have someone else write about it than me, because I don't think I'd write very well along the lines of Wikipedia's guidelines, but the info's all there, and it's definitely worth including. DRaGZ (talk) 05:46, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

Kiero and Take You There EP
What happened to these two albums? There used to be some minimal information on them, but now it's all gone. Most k-os heads know about these, it only makes sense to include them, especially since they had singles with videos. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Rishi B (talk • contribs) 17:02, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

 * While researching I heard the names past around in un-encyclopedic places like forums but until verifiable legitamite sources state anything about this albums I decided to keep it out of the article. If you have any such sources I'll be welcome to read them and include any such information. - Tutmosis  01:35, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Jazz rap?
I just listed him on List of alternative hip hop musicians with no reluctance at all, but I'm not as sure about listing him on Jazz rap. Thoughts? Samaritan 15:42, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I definitely don't think of k-os as "jazz rap". But then, I guess you could argue many of the artists on the jazz rap list are really just Hip Hop or Alt Hip Hop. Whilst it's true they may have jazz samples, this doesn't necessarily make them jazz. The same could be said of other sub-genres (see . So in answer to your point, erm, I don't know... Gram 19:21, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

Joyful Rebellion chart debut
I'm changing "His 2004 album, Joyful Rebellion, had the highest chart debut for a hip hop album in the history of the Canadian record charts." to "...for a Canadian hip hop album..." Even if he debuted at number 1, I'm sure a few American rappers have! Samaritan 21:42, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Removing stub status
by the looks of this article it isn't a stub. BadCRC 23:52, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

crabbuckit Canadian References
If there was a "crabbuckit" article itself, I'd suggest including this, but can anyone help me populate a list of Canadian music references in the song? So far, I've got: Anyone got more?
 * "Complicated"
 * "Bird on a Wire"
 * "No fast lane, still on a highway" could be a reference to "Life is a Highway"
 * "Tragically Hip," "Ahead by a Century"

I do:

Walking down Yonge Street on a Friday

Rewriting
I'm currently rewriting the article in my sandbox. If anyone want to help with research and fact checking it be great. I'm planning on digging up everything and sourcing it to eventually get this article to featured status. Please dont delete anything from my sandbox but let me know whats wrong. I'm aware a ton information is missing right now and there a lot of mistakes. - Tutmosis 17:04, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Rewritten
I have rewritten the article, so if you have any concerns with the text please contact me on my talk page. - Tutmosis 18:21, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Birth name
The article says "Kevin", the infobox says "Kheaven". Which one is it? Guettarda 16:57, 27 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the tip, a quick look at my references they all say Kevin so I changed it. - Tutmosis  19:51, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Copy edit
Hello; per a request on my talk page I looked this over and gave it a quick copy edit. I wanted to compliment you; I think this is one of the best articles on a musician I've read on Wikipedia. There are still a few akward sentences that I don't know enough about the subject to fix; I left a hidden comment about one of those.

I would recommend you find someone else to copy edit it again. Often one copy editor will find something another has missed. It's always best to have an article copy edited by 2-3 different people. Over all; good job! ~  ONUnicorn (Talk 17:07, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Thank you very much and will do. - Tutmosis  20:46, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Some issues
I have read the article, did some tweaking for short and better prose, but still have following issues: — Indon ( reply ) — 10:20, 20 November 2006 (UTC)
 * "k-os with his younger brother Joshua were raised as Jehovah's Witnesses by Trinidadian parents." → need an inline citation here.
 * "In Trinidad he surrounded himself with music and became a vegetarian at 8 years of age." → there are 2 different issues that is awkward to be combined in one sentence. One is not related or caused by the other.
 * The Early life section ends strangely. The last line was going to tell something by introducing somebody, but it ends there. There's still something missing. Perhaps, rewrite the end of the section to conclude about k-os' Early life.
 * Are you sure about John Salley link? The link goes to a basket ball player.
 * I think some commas are needed when you start a sentence with a time clause. For instances, "On February 2005, ...", or "In 2004, ...".
 * "The single became the "#1 most downloaded Single of the Week" on iTunes." → also need an inline citation.

 * I took care of the both requested citations. I split the "vegetarian and music" sentence. I added the comma's for the time clause sentences. When I was researching, John Salley was said to be a basketball player and a BET host so I'm assuming that's him. I completely rearranged the early life section but it reads very strangely to me now... I can't really expand it because that's all I found in my research. Thank you for the copyedit and thank you very much for your comments.  - Tutmosis  16:31, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Atlantis
Are we sure this album has been released "globally"? I'm in the US and I've still not seen this in stores, Amazon is charging $29 for it like it's an import and FYE doesn't even have it listed in thier computer.

Can anyone clarify why this is? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 66.240.89.45 (talk • contribs) 08:58, 28 November 2006 (UTC).

Thank you for noticing, it was never even mentioned during my research that the global release dates were different. After some brief research today, I found that on the virginrecords official site, scrolling down to "k-os album debuts at # 1" section it says:

Next up - he will be traveling around the world in support of the International release of Atlantis - Hymns for Disco, including the U.S. where the album will be released in February 2007.

Then if you go to another page on that site, it gives a more specific date of 2/6/07 (Feburary 6, 2006), for release in the US. I fixed this on the main article, and I hope this answers your question. - Tutmosis 16:27, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks, it's been driving me nuts wondering why I can't find it. That definitly clarifies things.--66.240.89.45 19:36, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

Joyful Rebellion Charting?
I seem to remember Crabbuckit, Man I Used to Be and Crucial did remarkably well on the Canadian pop charts. Any way to confirm their chart success or lack thereof? DackAttac 07:39, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Those chart listings really need to be removed. It says that only two of his song have charted, which is completely untrue.  --thedemonhog talk • edits 00:47, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:K-os Atlantis.jpg
Image:K-os Atlantis.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 04:55, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Kos-sundaymorning.JPG
Image:Kos-sundaymorning.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 01:55, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

Broken Social Scene
There really needs to be some reference in here to his work with Broken Social Scene. The BSS page links to this one so surly there should be some link back to the BSS page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.162.107.4 (talk) 11:13, 8 November 2007 (UTC)

"Musical Essence"
The track was released in 1993, not sure why someone changed it to 1995. Blackjays1 (talk) 09:17, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

including, but not limited to
"Including, but not limited to" is lawyer-speak and is unnecessary since "including" implies additional items already. --Unimath (talk) 16:05, 2 September 2009 (UTC)

Format of name?
The article states that it's "k-os". Is this definitely correct? On the cover of Exit, it's written as "kos" (no hyphen). On Joyful Rebellion, there's the merest hint of a hyphen, so it's either "k-os" or "kos" or "k os" (with a space). On Atlantis there's no hyphen, and with the larger sized logo, it looks more like there is a space, making it "k os". On Collected, there's a definite hyphen, so we're back to "k-os". The name doesn't appear on Yes! On Discogs he's noted as "K-OS" (all caps). On his official website, it's mixed between "k-os" and "K-os" (leading capital). I've also seen it written as "K-Os" (capital K and O!).

Which is correct, and can we have a source? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.96.181.45 (talk) 07:34, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Doesn't matter, I found the answer myself, from http://www.dailyorange.com/feature/q-a-with-block-party-performer-k-os-1.1470674 :

Why is the "k" in k-os lowercase? I don't know. You know what? Recently in my home country in Canada people started spelling it with capital letters. I don't know, I think at first I was just like, because that "k-os" originally stood for "Kevin's Original Sounds", so when I changed it I was kind of going through my humble stage where I was like, "Oh, Kevin's Original Sounds, that's kind of like - you know?" And everyone had a name that meant something. You know BDP or KRS or whatever. And I just thought it would be cool to kind of understate it in hip-hop because everyone was capitalizing and I was into a lot of indie music. I think that was the vibe I was getting - just to keep it more, like, passive as opposed to, like, aggressive.

Some people have said it stands for "Knowledge of Self," while others have said "Kiss on Sight." Wow. That's hilarious. "Knowledge of Self" was the original. You know, "Kevinís Original Sounds" was the original thing and then I changed it to "Knowledge of Self" when I went through that stage. And I suppose maybe now it can mean "Kiss on Sight". Yeah, that's OK (laughs). It's more of that, that name - I've never called myself k-os on track and I don't really relate to that name as much as it's something else I can be as opposed to walking around thinking of myself as that. So, you're kind of posing an amazing question because, can the meaning of your name change over time? As humans, it really doesn't. You're Sam, I'm Kevin, and people will probably call us that for the rest of our lives. But imagine if, as a musician, you could actually start perceiving your name different and then doing your art different. So, I don't know. I don't want to get into it - it's just - I think it's cool. It'd be amazing to me if that starts to happen and it starts to mean a whole bunch of different things. It would probably be more representative of the music and the way I see music. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.56.127.82 (talk) 11:00, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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Reverse Copyvio: http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/musician-of-the-week-k-os
is identical to the revisions of this article from 02:58, September 14, 2012 thru 04:17, February 26, 2013, except for the following differences:
 * It ends halfway through the "2004–2005" section.
 * The footnote markers were removed, except for [17] and [18].
 * "2009." turned into "200".
 * 'myself."[11] He' turned into 'myself."He'
 * The IPA pronunciation was removed.
 * The headings were removed, except for "Early life and childhood" and "Music career".
 * Single quotes mere made curly (smart quotes).
 * All formatting was removed.

There is no mention of Wikipedia; therefore this is presumably a copyright violation.

Should I do anything about this?

Solomon Ucko (talk) 22:23, 27 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:K-os


text: User talk:65.34.16.150

title: User talk:65.34.16.150


text:
Sha Tin Wai station

Sha Tin Wai is a station on the  in Sha Tin, Hong Kong. The name "Sha Tin Wai" comes from the village called Sha Tin Wai, which is located to the northeast of the station. It was provisionally called "Sha Kok Street" before the Ma On Shan line opened, because it is located at Sha Kok Street. It serves residents living in Pok Hong Estate, Sha Kok Estate, Jat Min Chuen, Yue Shing Court, Shui Chuen O Estate, and also serves over 10 schools around the area, including kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools, such as Po Leung Kuk Chee Jing Yin Primary School, The Church of Christ in China Kei Kok Primary School, Island School and Immaculate Heart of Mary College.

The pattern featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier is a shot of Tsang Tai Uk traditional walled settlement.

History
On 21 December 2004, Sha Tin Wai station opened to the public with other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma Line Phase 1 at the time. Sha Tin Wai station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Sha Tin Wai was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout
Platforms 1 and 2 share the same island platform.

Exits
There are four exits to Sha Tin Wai station.

 * A: Jat Min Chuen
 * B: Pok Hong Estate
 * C: Sha Kok Estate
 * D: Sha Tin Wai, Shui Chuen O Estate

title: Sha Tin Wai station


text:
City One station

City One is a station on the Tuen Ma line in Hong Kong. It serves City One Shatin (the station's namesake), Prima Villa, Sunshine Grove, Yu Chui Court and Yue Tin Court, and also serves five schools. Prince of Wales Hospital is also nearby. The print featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier is the annual dragon boat race held at Shing Mun River during the Dragon Boat Festival.

History
On 21 December 2004, City One station opened to the public with the rest of KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma Line Phase 1 at the time. City One station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, City One was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout
Platforms 1 and 2 share the same island platform.

Exits

 * A: Yue Tin Court
 * B: Prince of Wales Hospital
 * C: City One Shatin
 * D: Yu Chui Court

title: City One station


text:
Shek Mun station

Shek Mun is a station on the  of Hong Kong. To the west, it serves the Shek Mun Industrial Area and northeastern portion of City One, including Siu Lek Yuen Playground. A new campus of the Hong Kong Baptist University (including a primary and a secondary school) is situated just outside exit D, to the east of the station.

History
On 21 December 2004, Shek Mun station opened to the public with other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma Line Phase 1 at the time. Shek Mun station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Shek Mun was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout
Platforms 1 and 2 share the same island platform.

Exits

 * A: Ever Gain Centre
 * B: Shek Mun Estate
 * C: Technology Park
 * D: HKBU CIE

title: Shek Mun station


text:
User talk:Lampo

Dear User:Brother Larrys Father - please use only one accound, Sockpuppets are not liked here. 'And stop uploading your diapered children pictures, these aren't wanted as well. andy 15:48, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lampo


text:
Tai Shui Hang station

Tai Shui Hang is an MTR station on the  in Hong Kong. It serves residential estates including Kam Tai Court, Mountain Shore, Chevalier Garden and Sausalito, Tai Shui Hang Village and Sha Tin Fishermen's New Village. It also serves five kindergartens, primary and secondary schools. The pattern featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier is a shot of nature representing the Ma On Shan Country Park. For a period before the line opened, the station was known as "Fu On", since it is located opposite Chevalier Garden (transliterated from Chinese "Fu On Garden").

History
On 21 December 2004, Tai Shui Hang station opened to the public with the other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma Line Phase 1 at the time. Tai Shui Hang station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Tai Shui Hang was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout
Platforms 1 and 2 share the same island platform.

Entrances/exits

 * A: Kam Tai Court
 * B: Chevalier Garden

title: Tai Shui Hang station


text:
Raphael Rooms

The four Raphael Rooms (Stanze di Raffaello) form a suite of reception rooms in the Apostolic Palace, now part of the Vatican Museums, in Vatican City. They are famous for their frescoes, painted by Raphael and his workshop. Together with Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes, they are the grand fresco sequences that mark the High Renaissance in Rome.

The Stanze, as they are commonly called, were originally intended as a suite of apartments for Pope Julius II. He commissioned Raphael, then a relatively young artist from Urbino, and his studio in 1508 or 1509 to redecorate the existing interiors of the rooms entirely. It was possibly Julius' intent to outshine the apartments of his predecessor (and rival) Pope Alexander VI, as the Stanze are directly above Alexander's Borgia Apartment. They are on the second floor, overlooking the south side of the Belvedere Courtyard.

Running from east to west, as a visitor would have entered the apartment, but not following the sequence in which the Stanze were frescoed, the rooms are the Sala di Costantino ("Hall of Constantine"), the Stanza di Eliodoro ("Room of Heliodorus"), the Stanza della Segnatura ("Room of the Signatura"), and the Stanza dell'Incendio del Borgo ("The Room of the Fire in the Borgo").

After the death of Julius in 1513, with two rooms frescoed, Pope Leo X continued the program. Following Raphael's death in 1520, his assistants Gianfrancesco Penni, Giulio Romano and Raffaellino del Colle finished the project with the frescoes in the Sala di Costantino.

Scheme
The scheme of the works is as follows:

Sala di Costantino
The largest of the twelve rooms is the Sala di Costantino ("Hall of Constantine"). Its paintings were not begun until Pope Julius and, indeed Raphael himself, had died. The room is dedicated to the victory of Christianity over paganism. Its frescoes represent this struggle from the life of the Roman Emperor Constantine, and are the work of Giulio Romano, Gianfrancesco Penni and Raffaellino del Colle. Because they are not by the master himself, the frescos are less famous than works in the neighboring rooms. Continuing a long tradition of flattery, Raphael's assistants gave the features of the current pontiff, Clement VII, to Pope Sylvester in the paintings.

The Vision of the Cross
The fresco of The Vision of the Cross depicts the legendary story of a great cross appearing to Constantine as he marched to confront his rival Maxentius. The vision in the sky is painted with the words in Greek "Εν τούτω νίκα" ("By this, conquer", better known as the Latin In hoc signo vinces) written next to it.

The Battle of Milvian Bridge
The Battle of Milvian Bridge shows the battle that took place on October 28, 312, following Constantine's vision.

The Baptism of Constantine
The third painting in the sequence, The Baptism of Constantine, was most likely painted by Gianfrancesco Penni, and shows the emperor being baptised by Pope Sylvester I in the Lateran Baptistery at Rome. This follows the account of Constantine's baptism given in the Acts of Sylvester and the Liber Pontificalis, rather than the alternate deathbed version recounted in Eusebius's Life of Constantine. In The Baptism of Constantine, Pope Sylvester I has the physical features of Pope Clement VII (1523–1534), who ordered the completion of the Raphael Rooms.

The Donation of Constantine
The final painting in the sequence, The Donation of Constantine, records an event that supposedly took place shortly after Constantine's baptism, and was inspired by the famous forged documents, incorporated into Gratian's Decretum, granting the Papacy sovereignty over Rome's territorial dominions.

Stanza di Eliodoro
The next room, going from East to West, is the Stanza di Eliodoro ("Room of Heliodorus"). Painted between 1511 and 1514, it takes its name from one of the paintings. The theme of this private chamber – probably an audience room – was the heavenly protection granted by Christ to the Church. The four paintings are: The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple, The Mass at Bolsena, The Meeting of Pope Leo I and Attila, and The Deliverance of Saint Peter from Prison. In the first two of these frescoes, Raphael flatteringly includes his patron, Pope Julius II, as participant or observer; the third, painted after Julius's death, includes a portrait of his successor, Leo X.

Raphael's style changed here from the Stanza della Segnatura. Instead of the static images of the Pope's library, he had dramatic narratives to portray, and his approach was to maximize the frescoes' expressive effects. He represented fewer, larger figures so that their actions and emotions have more direct impact on the viewers, and he used theatrical lighting effects to spotlight certain figures and heighten tension.

The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple
In The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple Raphael illustrated the biblical episode from II Maccabees (3:21–28) about Heliodorus, who was sent to seize the treasure preserved in the Temple in Jerusalem, but was stopped when the prayer of the priest of the temple was answered by angels who flogged the intruder and an angelic rider who chased him from the temple. The composition is considerably more dramatic than Raphael's earlier frescoes in the Stanza della Segnatura. Although the focal point is the still figure of the priest at prayer, Heliodorus and the angels rush forward into space, threatening to spill out of the painting. At the left Julius II, carried by the Swiss Guard in a chair, witnesses the event. His inclusion here refers to his battles to prevent secular leaders from usurping papal territories.

The Mass at Bolsena
The Mass at Bolsena depicts the story of a Bohemian priest who in 1263 ceased to doubt the doctrine of Transubstantiation when he saw the bread begin to bleed during its consecration at Mass. The cloth that was stained by the blood was held as a relic at the nearby town of Orvieto; Julius II had visited Orvieto and prayed over the relic in 1506. The Pope is portrayed as a participant in the Mass and a witness to the miracle; he kneels to the right of the altar, with members of the Curia (also portraits) standing behind him. Raphael distinguishes the "real" thirteenth-century witnesses from those who are contemporaries of the pope by their degree of engagement in the event; the latter concentrate calmly on Julius kneeling at his devotions rather than responding to the miracle.

The Meeting of Leo the Great and Attila
The Meeting of Leo the Great and Attila depicts the storied parley between the Pope and the Hun conqueror, and includes the legendary images of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the sky bearing swords. A fully developed drawing by Raphael indicates he planned to place the pope – portrayed with Julius's features – in the background; when Leo X became pope – and just happened to choose the name Leo – he must have encouraged the artist to bring the pope front and center and use his own portrait.

Deliverance of Saint Peter
The Deliverance of Saint Peter shows, in three episodes, how Saint Peter was liberated from prison by an angel, as described in Acts 12. It symbolizes the power of the Vicar of Christ to escape human restraints. Julius II's titular church as cardinal, before he was elevated to the papacy, had been S. Pietro in Vincoli (St. Peter in Chains), so the painting is at once a general reference to the papacy and a specific reference to Julius. The fresco is a study in light: natural moonlight, man-made torchlight, and God-provided angel light. It is the latter, of course, that outshines the others.

Stanza della Segnatura
The Stanza della segnatura ("Room of the Signatura") was the first to be decorated by Raphael's frescoes. It was the study housing the library of Julius II, in which the Signatura of Grace tribunal was originally located. The artist's concept brings into harmony the spirits of Antiquity and Christianity and reflects the contents of the pope's library with themes of theology, philosophy, jurisprudence, and the poetic arts, represented in tondi above the lunettes of the walls. The theme of this room is worldly and spiritual wisdom and the harmony which Renaissance humanists perceived between Christian teaching and Greek philosophy. The theme of wisdom is appropriate as this room was the council chamber for the Apostolic Signatura, where most of the important papal documents were signed and sealed.

Disputation of the Holy Sacrament
The first composition Raphael executed between 1509 and 1510 was the Disputation of the Holy Sacrament, the traditional name for what is really an Adoration of the Sacrament. In the painting, Raphael created an image of the church, which is presented as spanning both heaven and earth.

The Parnassus
Raphael completed the second composition between 1509 and 1511. It represents The Parnassus, the dwelling place of the god Apollo and the Muses and the home of poetry, according to classical myth. In the fresco Apollo and the Muses are surrounded by poets from antiquity and Raphael's own time.

The School of Athens
Between 1509 and 1511, Raphael also completed another work on the wall opposite the Disputa. This third painting, entitled The School of Athens, represents the degrees of knowledge or the truth acquired through reason. The fresco's position as well as the philosophers' walk in direction of the Holy Sacrament on the opposite wall suggested the interpretation of the whole room as the movement from the classical philosophy to the true religion and from the pre-Christian world to Christianity. It was meant to reside over the philosophical section of Pope Julius II's library. It is perhaps Raphael's most famous fresco.

The Cardinal Virtues
The two scenes on the fourth wall, executed by the workshop, and the lunette above it, containing the Cardinal Virtues, were painted in 1511. The Cardinal Virtues allegorically presents the virtues of fortitude, prudence and temperance alongside charity, faith, and hope.

Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo
The Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo was named for the Fire in the Borgo fresco which depicts Pope Leo IV making the sign of the cross to extinguish a raging fire in the Borgo district of Rome near the Vatican. This room was prepared as a music room for Julius' successor, Leo X. The frescos depict events from the lives of Popes Leo III and Leo IV. The other paintings in the room are The Oath of Leo III, The Coronation of Charlemagne by Leo III, and The Battle of Ostia. Though the Fire in the Borgo was based on Raphael's mature designs it was executed by his assistants, who painted the other three paintings without his guidance.

The Oath of Leo III
On December 23, 800 AD, Pope Leo III took an oath of purgation concerning charges brought against him by the nephews of his predecessor Pope Hadrian I. This event is shown in The Oath of Leo III.

The Coronation of Charlemagne
The Coronation of Charlemagne shows how Charlemagne was crowned Imperator Romanorum on Christmas Day, 800.

Fire in the Borgo
The Fire in the Borgo shows an event that is documented in the Liber Pontificalis: a fire that broke out in the Borgo in Rome in 847. According to the Catholic Church, Pope Leo IV contained the fire with his benediction.

The Battle of Ostia
The Battle of Ostia was inspired by the naval victory of Leo IV over the Saracens at Ostia in 849.

title: Raphael Rooms


text:
Heng On station

Heng On is a station on the  of Hong Kong MTR, named after the nearby Heng On Estate. It also serves other residential areas like Kam Fung Court, Kam On Court, Baycrest, Vista Paradiso, and Yiu On Estate. It also serves over 10 schools (including Renaissance College) and two sports centres – Ma On Shan Sports Ground and Heng On Sports Centre.

The print featured on the platform pillars and glass barrier is of farmland which used to exist in the Ma On Shan area.

History
The name of the station was formally announced by KCR Corporation in 2000. Heng On station opened along with the rest of the Ma On Shan line on 21 December 2004.

The platform was doubled in length in 2014 as part of the Sha Tin to Central Link, which will extend the Ma On Shan line trains from four cars to eight cars.

On 14 February 2020, the was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma Line Phase 1 at the time. Heng On station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, the Tuen Ma line Phase 1 officially merged with the in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Heng On was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Station layout
Platforms 1 and 2 share the same island platform. There is a subway to Renaissance College using Exit A.

Entrances/exits

 * A: Vista Paradiso
 * B: Heng On Estate
 * C: Kam Fung Court

title: Heng On station


text:
Ma On Shan station

Ma On Shan is an elevated station on the  of Hong Kong. It is located above Sai Sha Road, at the town centre of Ma On Shan, between Sunshine City and Bayshore Towers. It also serves other residential areas like Kam Ying Court and Chung On Estate; it also serves over ten schools, and is in close proximity with Ma On Shan Park and other parks.

The pattern featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier symbolizes the abandoned iron mine that used to be in Ma On Shan peak.

History
On 21 December 2004, Ma On Shan station opened with other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations.

On 14 February 2020, was extended south to a new terminus in Kai Tak, as part of the first phase of the Shatin to Central Link Project. The Ma On Shan Line was renamed Tuen Ma line Phase 1 at the time. Ma On Shan station became an intermediate station on this temporary new line.

On 27 June 2021, Tuen Ma line Phase 1 subsequently merged with the West Rail line in East Kowloon to form the new, as part of the Shatin to Central link project. Hence, Ma On Shan was included in the project and is now an intermediate station on the Tuen Ma line, Hong Kong's longest railway line.

Entrances/exits

 * A1 & A2: Ma On Shan Plaza
 * B: MOSTown

title: Ma On Shan station


text:
Wu Kai Sha station

Wu Kai Sha is the northeastern terminus of the of the MTR rail transit system in Hong Kong. It is located between Sai Sha Road and Sha On Street in Lok Wo Sha, also identified with Wu Kai Sha to its west and northwest, serving the many housing estates and schools nearby.

History
As part of the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation's Ma On Shan Rail plans, Lee On station was to be constructed on undeveloped land at the end of the railway reserve running through Sha Tin New Town. The land was mostly flat and barren; it had previously been used as a borrow pit. Adjacent to the station facilities, a public transport interchange, a property development connected to the station and an access road would be constructed. Sai Sha Road would be realigned and its adjacent cycle tracks and footpaths would be reprovisioned. The Chief Executive in Council authorised the Ma On Shan Rail project in October 2000, and construction began on 12 February 2001.

During planning and construction, the station was named "Lee On station", for its proximity to the Lee On Estate on its southwest.

On 21 December 2004, Wu Kai Sha station officially opened for passenger service with the other KCR Ma On Shan Rail stations. Initially, 4-car trains operated between Tai Wai and Wu Kai Sha, with a headway of every 3 minutes during peak hours. The journey from end to end took about 16 minutes. The property development, the private housing estate Lake Silver, was completed in 2009.

Upon the MTR–KCR merger on 2 December 2007, the MTR Corporation took over the railway operations of the KCR.

As part of the related works of the Shatin to Central Link project, work began in 2012 to retrofit Ma On Shan line stations to fit 8-car trains, and automatic platform gates were installed at stations on the line beginning in November 2014. The works were carried out at night, outside of the line's operating hours. By 2015, the extension of the overrun viaduct and the roof over the platforms at Wu Kai Sha station had been completed. The works on the Ma On Shan line were completed in December 2017, following the introduction of 8-car trains and the installation of platform gates at all stations.

As part of the main works of the Shatin to Central Link project, the Ma On Shan line was extended to Kai Tak and rebranded the Tuen Ma line phase 1 on 14 February 2020; the line was fully opened on 27 June 2021, when it was extended to Hung Hom and absorbed the West Rail line. Wu Kai Sha station remained the northeastern terminus of the extended line, the Tuen Ma line.

Entrances and exits

 * A1: Double Cove
 * A2: Double Cove
 * B: Lake Silver

Exit A is connected to a bridge over Sai Sha Road, and serves the Double Cove housing estate, Li Po Chun United World College, and the Wu Kai Sha village. Exit B serves the bus terminus next to the station, as well as the private housing estates of Monte Vista and Lake Silver, and is within walking distance to the housing estates of Lee On Estate and Kam Lung Court, as well as the Ma On Shan Ling Liang Primary School.

title: Wu Kai Sha station


text:
Network complexity

Network complexity is the number of nodes and alternative paths that exist within a computer network, as well as the variety of communication media, communications equipment, protocols, and hardware and software platforms found in the network.

Simple network: A small LAN with no alternative paths, a single communication protocol, and identical hardware and software platforms across nodes would be classified as a simple network.

Complex network: An enterprise-wide network that uses multiple communication media and communication protocols to interconnect geographically distributed networks with dissimilar hardware and software platforms would be classified as a complex network.

title: Network complexity


text:
Kelly Llorenna

Kelly Llorenna (born 1 May 1975) is an English dance music singer, who was born in Slough, Berkshire and raised in Oldham, Greater Manchester. She is best known as the former lead vocalist for the dance group N-Trance in the 1990s. Their biggest hit was "Set You Free", which made the UK top five in early 1995. Since then she has had six UK top 10 singles.

1992–1994: Debut with N-Trance
After attending stage school for a short time, Kelly Llorenna started her music career in 1992 as part of the dance act N-Trance, providing vocals to "Set You Free" which originally was not a success. Following several re-releases, the song reached number 2 in the UK Singles Chart in January 1995.

1995–2000: Solo debut and return to N-Trance
In 1995, Llorenna released her first solo track entitled "Brighter Day". An accompanying video was created but was released for promotional purposes only. She also recorded a cover version of "One Day I'll Fly Away", but this was never released.

In 1997, Llorenna returned to N-Trance for their cover version of the Rod Stewart hit record "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy" which reached number 7 in the UK chart. She also contributed as an uncredited vocalist on several other N-Trance tracks including "The Mind of the Machine", "Tears in the Rain" and "Shake Ya Body". "Set You Free" was released for the fourth time on the All Around the World record label in 2001, this time reaching number 4 in the chart.

2001–2006: Second solo career
In 2001, Llorenna teamed up with Flip & Fill to record a cover version of "True Love Never Dies", co-written by then-Darlington based Tom Cullimore, which reached number 34 in the UK chart, although it was re-released in 2002 and reached number 7. She re-launched her solo career with the label All Around the World in 2002 with a cover of the Taylor Dayne track, "Tell It to My Heart". A new version of a previous track "Heart of Gold" was also released the same year, charting at 19 in the UK chart.

A solo album was released which included five singles and seven new tracks. Many of the tracks on the album were produced and written with Flip & Fill, along with some of her own writing contributions. In 2002, another single by N-Trance entitled "Forever" was released which reached number 6, giving her fifth Top 10 hit. In 2003, "Destiny" was released by N-Trance charting at number 37, but this was to be her final collaborative effort with them for some time due to working difficulties.

In 2004, she reached number 15 in the UK chart with a cover of Donna Summer's, "This Time I Know It's for Real". A new track entitled "Nobody Like You" was recorded by her in 2005, along with a video, but was never released. In 2007, she released a cover of Lara Fabian's, "I Will Love Again", which did not reach the official UK chart.

2007–2008: Return to N-Trance
In 2007, she once again rejoined Kevin O'Toole of N-Trance to record the new tracks for their forthcoming album. Some of these tracks included "Nothing Lasts Forever" (released in 2009), "Stronger" (written specially for Kelly) and "You're My Angel". She also appeared on some of the tracks on their other new album – The Mind of the Machine which was originally due for release in the 1990s.

She has also been working with Love to Infinity on a number of new tracks for their forthcoming album, including "Hot Stuff" (a Donna Summer track), "Keep Love Together" (a previous Love to Infinity track) and "You Gotta Love Me" (a new creation).

2009: Return to solo career
She released her seventh solo track with All Around the World in 2009, which was a cover of the Madonna song, "Dress You Up". This track along with many others was sung on the Clubland Live tour at the end of 2008. It was announced by N-Trance that Llorenna had once again left the band in order to concentrate on her solo career. In Music Week magazine, it was announced that "Dress You Up" had reached number one in the upfront club chart, and that she will soon be releasing a new single with Love to Infinity.

2010: Freak Asylum
Llorenna has formed a new band with Love to Infinity, known as Freak Asylum, and worked with Peter Hook from New Order. Other collaborators on the Freak Asylum album include Toby Gad, Shane Gibson (Korn) and George Lynch (Lynch Mob).

Freak Asylum's album, Let the Madness Begin was to be released in 2011. Llorenna filmed videos for the Freak Asylum singles, "You Better Leave" "Fetish" and "Throwaway Girl".

Work with N-Trance
Please see N-Trance discography for more information.

Work with other artists
These tracks have been released as singles / have yet to be released as singles.

Other contributions
These tracks have not been released as singles.

Kelly Llorenna

 * Myspace page
 * All Around the World biography

N-Trance

 * Official website

Love to Infinity

 * Official website

Freak Asylum

 * Official website

title: Kelly Llorenna