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Bill Foulkes

William Anthony Foulkes ( or ; 5 January 1932 – 25 November 2013) was an English footballer who played for Manchester United in the Busby Babes teams of the 1950s, and also in the 1960s. His favoured position was centre-half. For Manchester United, he played 688 games which places him at number 4 on the all-time list of appearances behind Ryan Giggs, Bobby Charlton and Paul Scholes. He made 3 appearances as a substitute. He also started in every single United game in the 1957–58, 1959–60 and 1964–65 seasons. He scored a total of 9 goals in his 18 seasons at United and helped the club win four First Division titles, one FA Cup and one European Cup. He was capped three times for England in 1954–55.

After retiring as a player, he spent more than 20 years as a coach and manager at numerous clubs in England and overseas.

Early life
Foulkes was born in St. Helens, Lancashire, the first of three children born to James Foulkes (1900–1970) and his wife Ruth (1909–1961).

His grandfather had captained St. Helens rugby league team and was also an England rugby international. His father had also played rugby league for St Helens, and had also played football for New Brighton in the Third Division North. Foulkes himself played for the Whiston Boys Club in his teens, and also worked at the Lea Green Colliery as a miner, a job which he continued into the mid-1950s by which time he was a regular member of the Manchester United first team and had made his solitary appearance for the full England side.

He married Teresa Suffler (born 1936) at St Nicholas Church, Whiston, in spring of 1955. They have three children; Stephen (born 1958), Geoff (1962-2019) and Amanda (born 1963). They have seven grandchildren named Lewis (born 1992), Matthew (born 1993) and Adam (born 1996), Jessica, Edward, Harvey and Philippa.

1950–1957
Foulkes was discovered by Manchester United while he was playing for the Whiston Boys club as an 18-year-old. He joined the club in March 1950 and played in junior ranks of the club before he turned professional in August 1951. He made his professional debut in the 1952–53 season in a First Division match against Liverpool on 13 December 1952 at the age of 20. United won the match 2–1. He also played 2 games for the England Under-23 team. During this time, he continued to work part-time at the coal mine, feeling he was not good enough to play full-time league football.

Foulkes scored his first of only nine goals for the club during the 1953–54 season against Newcastle United in a First Division match on 2 January 1954 at St James' Park. The goal was scored from near the halfway line, an achievement especially for a defender. United finished the season in fifth place.

Foulkes won his first cap for England 22 months after making his United debut, playing at right-back against Northern Ireland on 2 October 1954. However, that was his only international appearance at the senior level throughout his whole career. It was only after he won the cap that he stopped working at the colliery.

In the 1955–56 season, Foulkes won his first Championship with United. Towards the end of that season, Foulkes found himself laden with National Service commitments. Because of that, United manager Matt Busby began to favour Ian Greaves over Foulkes at right-back. Foulkes responded by training harder than usual, determined to be called back to play for the first-team. This attitude worked in his favour, and he returned to playing regularly for the first-team from the next season until the end of the 1960s.

United won the Championship in the 1955–56 season and thus became eligible to play in the European Cup in the following season, 1956–57. Despite objections from the Football League, United became England's first representatives in the European Cup. In the second match of the Cup, United demolished Anderlecht 10–0, although Foulkes did not score any goals. The result continues to be United's record victory in a European match. In that season, Foulkes helped United to the semi-finals of the European Cup, losing to Real Madrid 5–3 on aggregate after losing 3–1 at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and drawing 2–2 in the return leg at Old Trafford. United also reached the FA Cup final, losing 2–1 to Aston Villa, and successfully defended their Championship title that season.

Munich air disaster
As winners of the Football League in 1956–57, United once again represented England in the European Cup in 1957–58. In the second leg of the quarter-finals against Red Star Belgrade in Yugoslavia, United drew 3–3, winning 5–4 on aggregate. After the match, the team had a reception, then travelled to the British Embassy where each player was given a bottle of gin.

On the return journey to Manchester on 6 February 1958, the British European Airways aircraft that the team was on stopped at Munich to refuel. Because of boost surging, takeoff was aborted twice. The pilot returned to the terminal, and after a while, it was announced that one more attempt to take off would be made. At that time, Foulkes had been running a card school with Kenny Morgans, David Pegg, Albert Scanlon, Roger Byrne and Liam Whelan in the middle of the plane. When he heard the announcement, he started to worry for his safety. In a 1998 interview with Carling-Net, he said of the announcement, "When they said that you didn't have to be a genius to know that this was going to be a bit dicey."

On the third attempt to take off, the pilots managed to control the surging, but as the plane reached the V1 speed, after which it is dangerous to abort takeoff, airspeed suddenly dropped. The plane left the runway and crashed into a fence and a house. In the 1998 interview, Foulkes recalled,

"The plane was bouncing along and obviously not going fast enough and then suddenly there were three tremendous sickening thuds and everything was spinning around. A second later I was sitting in my seat with my feet in the snow."

The plane had broken right under the seat that Foulkes was sitting on. In the crash, the bottle of gin from the British Embassy, which Foulkes had placed on the overhead rack with his overcoat, hit Foulkes on the back of his head. The head injury was the only injury which he sustained in the crash. Immediately after the crash, Foulkes climbed out of his safety belt and ran 50 yards away from the plane. He then turned back and saw the wrecked plane. As Foulkes later said,

"The back of the aircraft had just disappeared. I got out as quickly as I could and just ran and ran. Then I turned and realised that the plane wasn't going to explode, and I went back. In the distance I could see the tail part of the aircraft blazing and as I ran back I came across bodies. Roger Byrne still strapped to his seat, Bobby Charlton lying quite still in another seat, and Dennis Viollet. Then Harry Gregg appeared and we tried to see what we could do to help."

The 23 survivors were admitted to hospital, but Foulkes was discharged and spent the night in a hotel with Gregg. The next morning, Foulkes visited his teammates in the hospital. He visited Duncan Edwards, Johnny Berry, Jackie Blanchflower, Viollet, Scanlon, Charlton and Ray Wood. Then, he recalls, "I was just beginning to think it didn't look too bad when I asked where the rest were. The nurse simply shook her head and said: 'That's it, everybody else has died.'"

It was only then that Foulkes realised the full horror of the tragedy. Seven of his teammates – Mark Jones, David Pegg, Roger Byrne, Geoff Bent, Eddie Colman, Liam Whelan and Tommy Taylor – had died at the scene of the crash, as had a further 14 people including three Manchester United officials.

Duncan Edwards died 15 days later as a result of his injuries. Club secretary Walter Crickmer and coaches Tom Curry and Bert Whalley were also killed instantly. Berry and Blanchflower survived but never played again due to the extent of their injuries. Foulkes himself survived, along with Busby, Charlton, Gregg, Morgans, Scanlon, Viollet and Wood.

Over the years since the disaster, Foulkes felt anger about the fact that the pilots had tried to take off a third time, despite the obvious dangers.

"It was obvious that we would struggle to take off and they took the chance. They should never have done that. I don't feel guilty about being a survivor. I was just damned lucky. But I do harbour this feeling that it wasn't necessary, that angers me. It cost the club, it cost the country so much."

1958–1966
Immediately after the crash, Foulkes took over captaincy of the club in place of Byrne, who was killed in the crash. After matches against Sheffield Wednesday, West Bromwich Albion and Fulham, United reached the FA Cup final, losing 2–0 to Bolton Wanderers. However, the team did not fare so well in the league, winning only 1 match against Sunderland, drawing 5 matches and losing 8, and finished in ninth place. In the semi-finals of the European Cup, United won 2–1 in the first leg against Milan, but lost 4–0 in the second leg at the San Siro, losing 5–2 on aggregate.

Manchester United finish runners-up in the league in the first post Munich season in 1958–59, but then finished seventh the 1959–60 and 1960–61 seasons before finishing 15th in 1961–62 – at the time this was the club's lowest postwar finish. In the FA Cup, the club exited the competition in the 3rd round, 5th round, 4th round and semi-finals respectively in the four post Munich seasons.

In the 1962–63 season, United did badly in the league, finishing in 19th place, but won the FA Cup after winning the final 3–1 against Leicester City on 25 May 1963. Throughout this time, Foulkes struggled a lot from the crash. He later said, "I lost so much weight, I couldn't eat, couldn't sleep, I was losing fitness and form and I'd really had enough."

On 10 October 1960, Busby played Foulkes at centre-half for the first time, having experimented with a string of players to fill the position after the crash had claimed the life of Mark Jones and ended the playing career of Jackie Blanchflower more than two years previously. Centre-half would prove to be his favoured position over the rest of his playing career, but he did not start to enjoy the game again until 1963. In the 1963–64 season, United finished second in the league, and finally won the Championship in the 1964–65 season, after a run of 13 wins in 15 games. By then, Foulkes and Charlton were the only two Munich survivors in the team. On 11 November 1964, in a European Cup game against Borussia Dortmund Foulkes played in his 511th United match and became record club appearance-maker, taking this title from Joe Spence who held it for more than 36 years. In 1966–67, Foulkes helped United win the Championship again, completing his haul of four Championship medals, more than any other United player of his era, and indeed any other player at the club for the next 32 years.

European Cup triumph
By winning the league title in 1966–67, United once again qualified for the European Cup for 1967–68. After beating Hibernians, Sarajevo and Górnik Zabrze, United faced up to Real Madrid in the semi-finals. Foulkes did not play at the first leg at Old Trafford, which United won by a narrow 1–0 victory. However, he did play the second leg at the Bernabéu on 15 May 1968, in which Real was leading 3–1 at half-time. David Sadler scored in the second half to level the scores 3–3 on aggregate. Near the end of the match, George Best sent a cross into the penalty area. Foulkes sidefooted the ball into the net, scoring one of the most important goals of his career and sending United into the final.

The final was held at Wembley Stadium on 29 May 1968. Up against Benfica, Foulkes started the match in central defence. As the match entered extra time, the scoreline was 1–1, with the United goal coming from Charlton. Then, Best, Brian Kidd and Charlton scored a goal each, and United triumphed 4–1, becoming the first English team to win the European Cup. 10 years after the Munich air disaster, Foulkes had finally won a European Cup winners medal at the age of 36. Foulkes later said that winning the Cup helped him to "get over the crash". He and Charlton were the only players left at the club from the time of the disaster. Indeed, all of the other survivors except Harry Gregg (who remained at Old Trafford until 1966) had left the club within four years of the disaster.

Last years
After winning the European Cup, Foulkes felt he had achieved all he could and wished to retire. However, Busby managed to convince him to stay for two more years, although he played less regularly during this time. The next season, United finished 11th in the league. In the 1968–69 season, Wilf McGuinness (who had played alongside Foulkes in the late 1950s) replaced the retiring Busby as manager of United. Foulkes played only three games under McGuinness, the last coming early during the 1969–70 season in a 1–4 loss against Southampton at Old Trafford on 16 August 1969. By this stage, he was the oldest player in the team at the age of 37, and indeed one of the oldest still active in the Football League. He officially retired from playing on 1 June 1970 at the age of 38.

By the end of his lengthy career, Foulkes had made 688 appearances for United, and scored nine goals. He had previously held the club's appearance record until Charlton (758 appearances) overtook him a while later and, later, Ryan Giggs and Paul Scholes, although he is still in fourth place for appearances for United. He had also made 3 appearances as a substitute in the 1968–69 season in the First Division. He also started in every single game United had played in the seasons 1957–58, 1959–60, 1963–64 and 1964–65. He served United in the First Division for 18 seasons, most of them as a regular player, and was the longest-serving player at the club at the time of his final game. He scored a total of nine goals for United, the first in a 2–1 league win at Newcastle United on 2 January 1954, and the last on 15 May 1968 in the victorious European Cup semi-final second leg tie in Madrid.

After retirement, he stayed at Old Trafford as a youth team coach from 1970 to 1975, when he finally left United after 25 years of unbroken service.

Post-Manchester United
After his coaching stint at United, Foulkes managed several teams. First, he was manager of English non-League club Witney United, which was then known as Witney Town. In 1975, he went to USA where he managed Chicago Sting (1975–77), Tulsa Roughnecks (1978–79) and San Jose Earthquakes (1980). He then travelled to Norway in 1980 to 1988 where he had two managing stints with Steinkjer FK, and also managed IL Bryn, Lillestrøm SK and Viking FK.

In 1988, he went to Japan and managed F.C. Mazda in Hiroshima until 1991. Then, he finished his involvement with the game and returned to England in 1992.

In October 1992, he auctioned mementoes of his career at Christie's as he needed the money. Twenty items were auctioned, raising almost £35,000. All his medals were auctioned, and his European Cup medal raised £11,000, while the jersey he wore in the European Cup final raised £1,800. Foulkes' European Cup medal was resold at an auction at Sotheby's in London in November 2012 as part of a collection of sporting memorabilia; this time, it sold for almost four times as much, going for £40,000.

Later life and death
Even in his late sixties, Foulkes was still coaching for the Manchester FA, and was frequently requested to show Japanese visitors around the stadium, because of his four-year coaching spell in Japan during which he learnt the Japanese language. He was in attendance along with the four remaining players who survived the Munich tragedy on 21 May 2008, when United beat Chelsea on penalties in the final of the European Cup in Moscow, Russia.

In April 2011, he was portrayed by actor James Callàs Ball in the BBC TV drama United, the storyline of which was centred around the Munich air disaster. However, the character of Foulkes had little significance in the film and was not listed in the film's credits, despite his major role in the escape from the crashed plane. Foulkes himself did not take any part in the filming of the drama due to an undisclosed long-term medical condition.

Foulkes died at the age of 81 in Manchester on 25 November 2013. He had reportedly been suffering from Alzheimer's disease during the final few years of his life. His last appearance in public was almost four years earlier at the funeral of Albert Scanlon, another United player who survived the Munich crash. He is not believed to have attended the funeral of Kenny Morgans, another survivor of the crash, in November 2012.

Career statistics
†The League Cup began in 1960–61.

Honours
Manchester United
 * Football League First Division: 1955–56, 1956–57, 1964–65, 1966–67
 * FA Cup: 1962–63; runner-up: 1956–57, 1957–58
 * FA Charity Shield: 1956, 1957, 1967* (* joint winners)
 * European Cup: 1967–68

title: Bill Foulkes


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G-A-Y

G-A-Y is a long-running gay nightclub brand, based at the Heaven nightclub in Charing Cross, London, owned by Jeremy Joseph.

G-A-Y also operates a sister gay bar on Soho's Old Compton Street, and previously operated another club at Goslett Yard, called G-A-Y Late.

The G-A-Y brand is also used by a bar in Manchester's Gay Village as a franchisee.

History
BANG emerged onto London's Gay scene in 1976 at the Sundown club in the basement of the London Astoria. It was founded by Jerry Collins and Jack Barrie; Jerry worked at the Marquee Studio and Jack was the manager of the Marquee Club in Wardour Street. Jack was the door host and Jerry DJ'd under the alias Gary London, along with Tallulah (DJ) and Norman Scott.

In the early 1990s, BANG was acquired by Jeremy Joseph, who changed the clubs name to G-A-Y. G-A-Y operated from the London Astoria for 15 years until July 2008. The Boston Globe described it as "London's largest gay-themed club night", NME reported that it "attracts 6,000 clubbers each week", and The Independent described it as "the one London gig that really matters" for "today's pop stars". G-A-Y is associated with G-A-Y Bar and was associated with G-A-Y Late. A major stake in the brand was bought on 13 August 2007 by the MAMA Group. On Friday 3 October 2008, G-A-Y moved to the famous gay venue Heaven, which MAMA Group had acquired a few weeks earlier on 22 September 2008.

MAMA Group was sold to HMV in the 2010s, who subsequently went into administration in 2013, selling the MAMA Group and Hammersmith Apollo in 2012, yet retaining their shares to the G-A-Y brand. After HMV Group plc fell into more difficulty, Jeremy Joseph re-purchased the remaining shares of the G-A-Y brand held by HMV to claim sole ownership of the G-A-Y group of venues, thus owning G-A-Y Bar, G-A-Y Late & Heaven.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, Mr Joseph founded The G-A-Y Foundation, which has raised almost £1m for various charities, including Dogs Trust, AKT, and Switchboard, with fundraising typically taking place in the lead up to the annual London Marathon, in which Mr Joseph has participated.

G-A-Y brand
The G-A-Y brand expanded to two other bars in the Soho area of London, and one in the Gay Village of Manchester.

G-A-Y Bar is a multi-level gay bar located on Soho's Old Compton Street, offering a range of music and drinks offers, 7 days a week. Outside of G-A-Y Bar has become the host of the flyers and wristbands that provide free or reduced fee entry to other G-A-Y venues.

G-A-Y Late was a single-level gay club located near the site of the former London Astoria in Goslett Yard, around the corner from G-A-Y Bar. The club was named as such due to its later opening hours than its sister bar on Old Compton Street.

In April 2011, the G-A-Y brand arrived in Manchester's Canal Street gay village, with a G-A-Y bar opening in the former venue of Spirit Bar. On October 28th 2021, Jeremy Joseph announced that G-A-Y Manchester would be sold to Lee Kellow as part of a G-A-Y franchise agreement. Mr Joseph remained the owner of G-A-Y Bar, G-A-Y Late & Heaven. G-A-Y Late was closed permanently on 10th December 2023, with owner Jeremy Joseph citing 'external pressures' as the reason for the closure, including accessibility issues, safety concerns, and consistent building works surrounding the venue.

Controversies
In 2011, owner Jeremy Joseph tweeted that straight people were not welcome to a One Direction gig, stating: "My birthday wish is for little girls to realise that G-A-Y is a lesbian and gay club so there's only one direction and that's no direction for them".

In 2016, Joseph was also accused of racism after blaming a rise in crime in Soho on "Somalians"; this led to criticism from Black and South Asian LGBT groups.

In March 2019, staff refused comedian Rosie Jones, who has cerebral palsy, entry into one of the G-A-Y nightclubs after they believed she was drunk. Mr Joseph later apologised on Twitter.

Performances
Saturday nights at G-A-Y/Heaven have seen many performances from a wide selection of artists and genres. Most frequently, drag queens from across the international community perform on Saturday nights, however, G-A-Y is often also visited by mainstream musicians. Artists that have appeared at G-A-Y/Heaven include:
 * Anastacia
 * B*Witched
 * Britney Spears
 * Ellie Goulding
 * Enrique Iglesias
 * Lady Gaga
 * Leona Lewis
 * Loreen
 * Madonna
 * Marina and the Diamonds
 * McFly
 * Olly Murs
 * One Direction
 * The Human League

The G-A-Y Album
In 2000, a 40 track compilation album was released, featuring songs from some of the artists who had appeared at G-A-Y. A promotional campaign took place in the weeks leading up to release, including television and radio advertisements, a nationwide poster campaign and magazine advertisements in both the gay and teen press.

On Saturday 1 July 2000, a show was held at G-A-Y to promote the release of the album. Seven acts who appeared on the album performed. These acts were Shola Ama, All Saints, Bananarama, Dina Carroll, Billie Piper, Honeyz and Louise. Each act performed only one song, apart from Louise, who also performed her new single "2 Faced".

The G-A-Y album was released on Monday 3 July 2000 and peaked at number 18 in the UK compilations chart

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: G-A-Y


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Wolf V. Vishniac

Wolf Vladimir Vishniac (April 22, 1922 – December 10, 1973) was an American microbiologist. He was the son of photographer Roman Vishniac and the father of astronomer Ethan Vishniac. Educated at Brooklyn College and Stanford University, he was a professor of biology at the University of Rochester. He died on a research trip to the Antarctic attempting to retrieve equipment in a crevasse. The crater Vishniac on Mars is named in his honor.

Wolf Vishniac contributed greatly to the search for life on Mars by developing a special miniature laboratory that could be transported to that planet, known as the "Wolf Trap". This research was supported by a NASA grant started in 1959, the first for the biological sciences.

Wolf Vishniac Memorial Award
A Wolf Vishniac Memorial Award for Young Researchers is awarded at the biennially held International Symposium On Environmental Biogeochemistry (ISEB). The award is presented to researchers no older than 35 years who must be a first author and give a presentation at the symposium. A notable recipient is Sergey Zimov, who received the award at the ISEB-10 in 1991. Other recipients include M. Francesca Cotrufo at the ISEB-12 (1995), Alexis S. Templeton at the ISEB-14 (1999), Kamlesh Jangid at the ISEB-14 (1999), Salwa Hamdi at the ISEB-19 (2009), and Jillian M. Petersen at the ISEB-20 (2011).

In Culture
In his 1980 TV series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, Carl Sagan told the story of Wolf Vishniac in Episode 5, "Blues for a Red Planet".

title: Wolf V. Vishniac


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Kanwal Rekhi

Kanwal Singh Rekhi (born August 29, 1945) (Punjabi : ਕੰਵਲ ਰੇਖੀ) is an Indian-American businessperson. He was the first Indian-American founder and CEO to take a venture-backed company public on the Nasdaq stock exchange.

Career
Rekhi had worked as an engineer, systems analyst, and manager before venturing into entrepreneurship. At the age of 36, he moved to San Jose, California and co-founded Excelan in 1982, a manufacturer of smart Ethernet components, and was named president and CEO in 1985. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 1987, and merged with Novell in 1989. He remained at Novell as an executive vice-president and the -chief technology officer of the company, later joining the board of directors. Rekhi retired from Novell in 1995. After leaving Novell, he was the CEO at CyberMedia from January 1998 until its merger with Network Associates (now McAfee) in September 1998.

In 1994, Rekhi became a full-time angel investor, investing in more than 50 startups, of which he led the initial financing and was a member of the board of directors for 23 companies. His venture financings have resulted in 21 exits including six IPOs to date. Also active in Indian public policy related to venture, Rekhi advised India government policy makers in reforming venture regulations. This encouraged fund formation in India, and Rekhi was the founding limited partner behind Infinity Capital-India a successful early-stage India venture fund.

In 2007, Rekhi co-founded Inventus Capital Partners, and currently serves as managing director. During his time at Inventus, he has invested in companies including GENWI, Salorix, Poshmark, and Sierra Atlantic (acquired by Hitachi Consulting).

In 1995, he co-founded TiE, The Indus Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit support network to provide advice, contacts, and funding to Indian Americans hoping to start businesses. He also acted as an expert in advising the Prime Minister of India and his government for laying the foundation for the country's Information technology expansion. Rekhi has served as a trustee on the global board of TiE. He is also a former chairman of the Centre for Civil Society.

Philanthropy
Rekhi contributed $5 million to Michigan Tech in 2000. To help set up a new school of Information Technology, he donated $3 million to IIT Bombay which named one of its schools after him as the "Kanwal Rekhi School of Information Technology (KReSIT)"(which was merged in 2006 with the department of computer science and engineering).

Awards and recognition
In 2003 Rekhi was awarded the Bina Chaudhuri Award for Distinguished Service from the California Institute of Integral Studies. He was also awarded "Entrepreneur of the Year" in 1987 by Arthur Young and Venture magazine.

title: Kanwal Rekhi


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User talk:Myth Weaver

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! - UtherSRG 00:05, Feb 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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title: User talk:Myth Weaver


text:
Arlene Martel

Arlene Martel (born Arline Greta Sax; April 14, 1936 – August 12, 2014) was an American actress. Before 1964, she was frequently billed as Arline Sax or Arlene Sax. Casting directors, among other Hollywood insiders, called Martel the Chameleon because her appearance and her proficiency with accents and dialects enabled her to portray characters of a wide range of races and ethnicities.

Early life
Martel was born Arline Sax in The Bronx and attended the Performing Arts High School in New York.

Career
Martel was billed as "Arline Sax" during the early years of her television career.

Two of her earliest appearances were in The Twilight Zone TV series. The first was the episode "What You Need" as a woman in the bar. The second was the episode "Twenty Two", as a nurse who repeatedly utters the sinister phrase "Room for one more, Honey!" at the entrance to a hospital morgue and at the door of a doomed airplane.

Martel appeared in a 1960 episode of The Rebel, "The Hunted", in which she had a scene with Leonard Nimoy. She was also featured in two 1961 episodes of Route 66: "Legacy for Lucia", in which she had the title role of a Sicilian girl who inherits an American soldier's estate, and "The Newborn", in which she played a mother who dies in childbirth. She appeared in an episode of the TV series Hong Kong in 1961, opposite Rod Taylor.

In 1962, she made the first of two appearances on Perry Mason, as Fiona Cregan in "The Case of the Absent Artist". In 1966 she guest-starred as Sandra Dunkel in "The Case of the Dead Ringer", in which, aside from his role as Mason, Raymond Burr played the murderer, Grimes.

Other roles include the princess Sarafina on the Have Gun – Will Travel episode "The Princess and the Gunfighter" (1961); a female cosmonaut on episode 13 of I Dream of Jeannie, "Russian Roulette" (1965); a Hungarian immigrant on The Fugitive episode "The Blessings of Liberty" (1966); the French Resistance contact Tiger in five episodes of Hogan's Heroes (1965–71); and the evil witch Malvina on the Bewitched episode "How Not to Lose Your Head to King Henry VIII (Part 1)" (1971).

Martel's science fiction roles include The Outer Limits episode "Demon with a Glass Hand" (1964) and the Star Trek episode "Amok Time" (1967) as the scheming and duplicitous, but extremely logical, T'Pring, who is betrothed to Mr. Spock (thus, cast again with Leonard Nimoy) and expected to become his consort. In 1973 Arlene played a movie actress turned princess on the 3rd episode of Banacek entitled "The Three Million Dollar Piracy".

On Columbo, Martel played Gloria West, the “pretend girlfriend” of the murder victim Tony Goodland (Bradford Dillman), in season 2, episode 2, "The Greenhouse Jungle" (1972), and the salesgirl in the episode "A Friend in Deed" (1974).

In 1974, she was billed as "Tasha Martelle" for the role of secretary Marty Bach in The Rockford Files episode "Trouble in Chapter 17." She appeared as the title character in the Gunsmoke episode "The Squaw" (1975).

Other shows on which Martel appeared included The Restless Gun (episode "A Bell for Santo Domingo", The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Untouchables, Mission: Impossible, Here Come the Brides, The Wild Wild West, Battlestar Galactica, The Monkees, Mannix, The Rookies, and The Six Million Dollar Man. In the fourth season of "Mission: Impossible" she was reunited with Leonard Nimoy in the episode "Terror," where she played an imprisoned terrorist's ruthless wife.

Martel also appeared in feature films, including The Glass Cage (1964), in the starring role. Angels from Hell (1968), Arlene Martel appeared in the 1968 movie "Angels From Hell" About a person who returns to gather members of a biker gang the "MadCaps" & Arlene played the owner of a Go-Go Bar. and Chatterbox (1977). She received top billing as the commandant in charge of a Russian road crew in Zoltan, Hound of Dracula (1978), although it was only a bit part, lasting less than five minutes.

Late-life roles included a Vulcan priestess in the Star Trek fan film "Of Gods and Men" in a scene with her "Amok Time" suitor Lawrence Montaigne reprising his role as Stonn, and as one of the narrators of the 2015 documentary film Unity, which was released a year after her death.

Personal life and death
Martel was a regular at Star Trek conventions worldwide from 1972 to 2014. Her last convention appearance was at TrekTrax Atlanta in Atlanta, Georgia, on April 25–27, 2014, four months before her death.

Martel battled breast cancer for the last five years of her life. On August 12, 2014, she died from complications of a heart attack at a hospital in Santa Monica, California. She was 78.

title: Arlene Martel


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Talk:Bridge–tunnel

fooooo

Image
This article could do with a simple diagram or sketch. I'll look out for one, but if anybody has one, or could draw one, that would be great. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 00:07, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Vaoverland: that certainly helps (nice photo, too). Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 11:21, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Bridge-tunnel intro paragraph change
I removed the reference to the Chesapeake bridge-tunnel and added Vancouver's George Massey Tunnel to the introductory paragraph for a couple of reasons. First, the paragraph describes the occasional need for tunnels specifically, not bridge-tunnels which are discussed at length following the paragraph, so listing the Chesapeake Bay B-T was a bit redundant here. And adding a non-US example fulfills Wiki's mandate to avoid being US-centric when possible. 68.146.81.123 (talk) 15:38, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

Requested move 18 August 2017

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Moved — Amakuru (talk) 09:27, 13 September 2017 (UTC)

Fixed link → Bridge–tunnel – This appears to be the common name for such a crossing, and the corresponding list is already titled List of bridge–tunnels. – Train2104 (t • c) 14:50, 18 August 2017 (UTC) --Relisting. Steel1943  (talk) 23:53, 25 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Oppose—the two are not synonymous. A fixed link can be a bridge–causeway with no tunnel element (e.g. King Fahd Causeway), or a causeway-tunnel with no bridge element (e.g. the link between Kunoy and Borðoy). ‑ Iridescent 15:13, 18 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Support. The article can expand to cover all the variations. "Fixed link" sounds highly ambiguous, as it could refer to any kind of Link. bd2412  T 04:22, 19 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Support According to several sources, a fixed link refers to any crossing, including conventional bridges and tunnels. Therefore, it is far more broad than this topic. An alternative solution is to split out bridge-tunnel in its own article and have a fixed link article about all crossings, but it does not appear "fixed link" refers exclusively to bridge-tunnels, tunnel-causeways, bridge-causeways, etc. Unless we're also talking about conventional crossings here, the title is inaccurate. Smartyllama (talk) 14:52, 23 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Support. This article started out with the scope of bridge–tunnels, and Category:Bridge-tunnels and Template:Bridge–tunnels conform to this scope. expanded the scope on 16 August 2008 with this edit, a page move and this edit. It seems that the definition of "fixed link" is any replacement for ferry service that spans a significant body of water that takes a herculean engineering feat to cross. As the two are not synonymous, and fixed link can be a bridge–causeway with no tunnel element or a tunnel with no bridge element, then fixed link could be a broad-concept article that overviews bridges, tunnels, and bridge–tunnels which make difficult water crossings. – wbm1058 (talk) 21:04, 11 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Intercontinental and transoceanic fixed links implies that most "fixed links" are intercontinental and transoceanic. Perhaps Fixed link should redirect to that article, which should define what a fixed link is in its lead section. To the extent that there may be some fixed links that are not intercontinental or transoceanic, the lead of that article can link to this article, and bridge and tunnel for the exceptions. wbm1058 (talk) 00:43, 12 September 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Bridge–tunnel


text:
Ocean View (Norfolk)

Ocean View is a coastal region in the independent city of Norfolk, Virginia in the United States. It has several miles of shoreline on the Chesapeake Bay to the north, starting with Willoughby Spit to the west and the Joint Expeditionary Base -- Little Creek in the independent city of Virginia Beach on the east.

Shire to County to City
The entire area of South Hampton Roads was part of Elizabeth River Shire when it was formed in 1634. From this original shire (or county), in 1636, New Norfolk County was formed, which was divided again into Upper and Lower Norfolk counties in 1637. Lower Norfolk County was split in 1691 to form Princess Anne County and Norfolk County.

The Ocean View area was to remain part of Norfolk County for over 225 years, until it and the adjacent Willoughby Spit area were annexed by the independent City of Norfolk in 1923. (Virginia has had independent city political subdivisions since 1871). A small portion of East Ocean View adjacent to the Little Creek Amphibious Base was added in a land-swap with the city of Virginia Beach in 1988.

Ocean View City: Trolleys, Famous Amusement Park
The area which became known as Ocean View City was originally a 360-acre (1.5 km$2$) tract called the Magagnos Plantation which had extensive frontage on the Chesapeake Bay east of Willoughby Spit and west of Little Creek.

The Ocean View area was surveyed and laid out with streets and lots as Ocean View City in 1854 by William Mahone, a young civil engineer who was building the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. Under the leadership of Walter H. Taylor, about 30 years later, a narrow gauge steam passenger railroad service was established between Norfolk and Ocean View, a 9-mile long line crossing what was then known as Tanner's Creek (later renamed Lafayette River). Originally named the Ocean View Railroad, it was later known as the Norfolk and Ocean View Railroad. A small steam locomotive named the General William B. Mahone hauled ever increasing volumes of passengers, primarily on the weekends. The steam service was later replaced by electric-powered trolley cars, becoming both a popular resort and a streetcar suburb of the City of Norfolk. Initially, the improvements consisted of the swimming beach and cottages. The location was quite popular for Sunday outings from Norfolk.

The popular Nansemond Hotel was built about 1928; it was destroyed in a fire in 1980.

With the advent of additional electric streetcars in the late 19th century, an amusement park was developed at the end-of-the-line and a boardwalk was built along the adjacent beach area. These were a favorite of sailors on leave from the Norfolk Navy Base. Buses replaced the streetcars in the late 1940s. In the mid 20th century, for a number of years, AM radio station WGH broadcast live from a booth under the roller coaster.

Completion of the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel in 1957 connected the Ocean View area to the Virginia Peninsula. However, it and other newer highways encouraged visitors to continue on to the Virginia Beach resort area on the Atlantic Ocean, a small city which boomed after merging with Princess Anne County in 1963. In particular, construction of nearby Interstate 64 and the Virginia Beach Expressway (now part of Interstate 264) made it easier for tourists from afar to bypass Ocean View en route to the Oceanfront area of Virginia Beach.

Decline, Reemergence
After several years of decline in the 1970s, during which Busch Gardens in Williamsburg opened less than an hour's drive away, Ocean View Amusement Park was closed after Labor Day, 1978 and was torn down soon after the filming of a 1979 made-for-TV movie called The Death of Ocean View Park, which starred Mike Connors of Mannix fame, Barry Newman, and Academy Award winner Martin Landau. A key scene featured blowing up the landmark wooden roller coaster "The Rocket". While there had been popular concern as to the structural integrity of the famous but aged wooden structure, early attempts to film its destruction with explosives met with failure. Finally, on the third attempt, and with a bulldozer off camera helping to pull the structure down, the landmark appeared to explode in a large fireball. Also, the 1977 movie Rollercoaster (with Timothy Bottoms), George Segal, Henry Fonda, and Richard Widmark, features "The Rocket", as well as other shots of the park in the opening sequences.

In the early 21st century, as the entire coastal property market surged with new growth, redevelopment in the Ocean View community has resulted in new upscale residential properties replacing old beach cottages and small motels along the resort strip. Property values, especially bay front property, particularly in the East Beach neighborhood, have increased significantly in value.

Today, U.S. Route 60 is the main roadway paralleling the bay along the resort strip on Ocean View Avenue. U.S. Route 460 begins at its junction in front of the site of the former amusement park, where a city park and a high rise condominium is now located.

East Beach
In a large-scale urban renewal project begun in the 1990s, the city of Norfolk invested over $50 million to develop, as part of a public-private partnership, an upscale new urbanist waterfront neighborhood named "East Beach" in East Ocean View. As part of the project, the city acquired and tore down more than 1,600 buildings across 100 acres, and relocated hundreds of low-income residents. The master plan for the neighborhood was designed by Andrés Duany with Duany Plater-Zyberk. The neighborhood is fashioned after classic Southeastern seaboard coastal villages, and includes 700 residences, neighborhood restaurants, boutique shops, a Bay Front Club, offices, parks and public places.

In 2003, a massive beach restoration project was completed by the city, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Virginia Port Authority, which involved a large-scale rebuilding of sand dunes, planting of vegetation, and the placement of 10 offshore breakwaters to slow erosion and protect the neighborhood from coastal storms. In 2007, the American Shore and Beach Preservation Association named East Beach one of the nation's top seven restored beaches.

Ocean View Fishing Pier
Not only was the Amusement Park well known to the region, so was Harrison's Fishing Pier. Owned by Bill Harrison and managed by Charlie Woodard. It was heavily damaged during Hurricane Isabel in September, 2003. A new pier was built, called the Ocean View Fishing Pier. Now owned by Ronnie Boone Jr., it continues to be an Ocean View landmark and attraction. This fishing pier is 1,690 feet long and considered the longest fishing pier in North America.

title: Ocean View (Norfolk)


text: Talk:Milan I of Serbia

title: Talk:Milan I of Serbia


text:
Herqueville

Herqueville may refer to several communes in Normandy, France:

 * Herqueville, Eure
 * Herqueville, Manche
 * Heugueville-sur-Sienne, in the Manche département

title: Herqueville


text: Category:British flautists

title: Category:British flautists


text:
User talk:JericoDW

JericoDW is an online alias used by one almost anonymous person residing in Fullerton, Califoania, USA. The person is almost anonymous because they are known by many people, but unknown by the vast majority of people. And since the term JericoDW doesn't uniquely describe this person, it shouldn't be considered an identity or alias.

Anyway, I'm out of time, so perhaps I'll edit this later. How fun.

title: User talk:JericoDW


text:
Marianas Association of General Baptists

The Marianas Association of General Baptists is a General Baptist Christian association of churches in the Mariana Islands.

History
Baptist missionary work in the Mariana Islands began in 1911 on the island of Guam, and was supported by the General Baptist Foreign Missionary Society. The Marianas Association was organized in 1962. The Foreign Mission Society started mission work in Saipan in 1947.

In 1995, the association was composed of five churches with 680 members, with four churches located on Guam in Agana Heights, Agat, Talofofo, and Yigo, and one in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Saipan. The Saipan Community School is a ministry of Saipan Community Church.


text:
Ruth Etting

Ruth Etting (November 23, 1896 – September 24, 1978) was an American singer and actress of the 1920s and 1930s, who had over 60 hit recordings and worked in stage, radio, and film. Known as "America's sweetheart of song", her signature tunes were "Shine On, Harvest Moon", "Ten Cents a Dance" and "Love Me or Leave Me".

As a young girl in Nebraska, Etting had wanted to become an artist; she drew and sketched all the time. At sixteen, her grandparents decided to send her to art school in Chicago. While Etting attended class, she found a job at the Marigold Gardens nightclub. After a short time there, Etting gave up art classes in favor of a career in show business. Etting, who enjoyed singing in school and church, never took any formal singing lessons. She quickly became a featured vocalist at the club. Etting was then managed by Moe Snyder, whom she married in 1922. Snyder was known for being very protective of Ruth, keeping her out of trouble in the dangerous city and referring to her as "the little lady", along with other affectionate names. He made arrangements for Etting's recording and film contracts as well as her personal and radio appearances. She became nationally known when she appeared in Flo Ziegfeld's Follies of 1927.

Etting intended to retire from performing in 1935, but that did not happen until after a messy divorce from Snyder in 1937. Harry Myrl Alderman, Etting's pianist, was separated from his wife when he and Etting began a relationship. Snyder did not like seeing his former wife in the company of other men and began making telephone threats to Etting in January 1938. By October, Snyder traveled to Los Angeles and detained Alderman after he left a local radio station; he forced the pianist to take him to the home of his ex-wife at gunpoint. Saying he intended to kill Etting, Alderman, and his own daughter, Edith, who worked for Etting, Snyder shot Alderman. Three days after Alderman was shot, his wife filed suit against Etting for alienation of affection.

While Alderman and Etting claimed to have been married in Mexico in July 1938, Alderman's divorce would not be final until December of that year. The couple married during Moe Snyder's trial for attempted murder in December 1938. Etting and Alderman relocated to a farm outside of Colorado Springs, Colorado, where they kept out of the spotlight except for occasional public appearances and interviews. Her fictionalized story was told in the musical film Love Me Or Leave Me (1955) with Doris Day as Ruth Etting and James Cagney as Moe Snyder.

Biography
Ruth Etting was born on November 23, 1896, in David City, Nebraska, to Alfred Etting, a banker, and Winifred Etting (née Kleinhan). Her mother died when she was five years old, while she and Ruth were travelling west. She then lived with her paternal grandparents, George and Hannah Etting. Her father remarried and moved away from David City and was no longer a part of his daughter's life. Etting's grandfather, George, owned the Etting Roller Mills. To the delight of his granddaughter, George Etting allowed traveling circuses and shows to use the lot behind the mills for performances.

Etting was interested in drawing at an early age; she drew and sketched anywhere she was able. Her grandparents were asked to buy the textbooks she had used at the end of a school term because Etting had filled them with her drawings. She left David City at the age of sixteen to attend art school in Chicago. Etting gained a job designing costumes at the Marigold Gardens nightclub, which led to employment singing and dancing in the chorus. She gave up art school soon after beginning to work at Marigold Gardens. Before turning exclusively to performing, Etting worked as a designer for the owner of a costume shop in Chicago's Loop, and was successful enough to earn a partnership in the shop through her work.

While she enjoyed singing at school and in church, Etting never took formal voice lessons. She said that she had patterned her song styling after Marion Harris, but created her own unique style by alternating tempos and by varying some notes and phrases. Describing herself as a "high, squeaky soprano" during her days in David City, Etting developed a lower range singing voice after her arrival in Chicago which led to her success. Her big moment came when a featured vocalist suddenly became ill and was unable to perform. With no other replacement available, Etting was asked to fill in. She quickly changed into the costume and scanned the music arrangements; the performer was male, so Etting tried to adjust by singing in a lower register. The club enjoyed her performance exceedingly, and Ruth became a featured vocalist at the nightclub.

Etting was hired as one of the lead singers for a new show to be presented at Fred Mann’s Million Dollar Rainbo Room in Chicago's Rainbo Gardens. One of her co-stars was Chicago ballerina Betty “Buddye” Felsen. The show, Rainbo Trail, was directed by Frank Westphal. It opened on December 15, 1922 and ran until March 1, 1923.

Etting met gangster Martin "Moe the Gimp" Snyder in 1922, when she was performing at the Marigold Gardens in Chicago. Etting described herself as a young, naive girl when she arrived; and due to her inexperience in the ways of the big city, she became reliant on Snyder after their meeting. Snyder, who divorced his first wife to marry Etting, was well acquainted with Chicago's nightclubs and the entertainers who worked in them; he once served as a bodyguard to Al Jolson. Snyder also used his political connections to gain bookings for Etting, who was called "Miss City Hall" because of Snyder's influence in Chicago. Etting married Snyder on July 17, 1922, in Crown Point, Indiana. She later said she married him "nine-tenths out of fear and one-tenth out of pity." Etting later told her friends, "If I leave him, he'll kill me." He managed her career, booking radio appearances and eventually had her signed to an exclusive recording contract with Columbia Records.

Stage, screen and radio
The couple moved to New York in 1927, where Etting made her Broadway debut in the Ziegfeld Follies of 1927. Irving Berlin had recommended her to showman Florenz Ziegfeld. Etting nervously prepared to sing for Ziegfeld at the audition. However, he did not ask her to sing at all; only to walk up and down the room. She was hired on that basis because Ziegfeld did not hire women with big ankles. While the original plan for the show was for Etting to do a tap dance after singing "Shaking the Blues Away", she later remembered she was not a very good dancer. At the show's final rehearsal, Flo Ziegfeld told her: "Ruth, when you get through singing, just walk off the stage". Etting also appeared in Ziegfeld's last "Follies" in 1931.

She went on to appear in other hit shows in rapid succession, including Ziegfeld's Simple Simon and Whoopee!. Etting was not originally signed to perform in Simple Simon; she became part of the cast at the last minute when vocalist Lee Morse was too intoxicated to perform. Ziegfeld asked Etting to replace Morse; she hurried to Boston, where the show was being tried out prior to Broadway. When Etting arrived, songwriters Rodgers and Hart discovered that the song "Ten Cents a Dance" was not written for Etting's voice range. The three spent the night rewriting the song so Etting could perform it.

Toward the end of Simple Simon's Broadway run, Etting persuaded Ziegfeld to add "Love Me Or Leave Me" to the show though the song was originally written for Whoopee!. She had recorded the song in 1928, but Etting's new version of it was impressive enough to earn her a Vitaphone contract to make film shorts.

In Hollywood, Etting made a long series of movie shorts between 1929 and 1936, and three feature movies in 1933 and 1934. She described the short films as either having a simple plot to allow for her to sing two songs or with no plot at all. The idea was to have Etting sing at least two songs in the film. While she received a marquee billing for Roman Scandals, Etting had only two lines in the film and sang just one song. Etting believed she might have had more success in full-length films if she had been given some acting lessons. Her perception was that the studios viewed her only as a vocalist. She later recalled: "I was no actress, and I knew it. But I could sell a song". In 1936, she appeared in London in Ray Henderson's Transatlantic Rhythm. Etting quit the show because she and the other performers had not been paid.

Etting was first heard on radio station WLS while she was living in Chicago. Her appearance drew so much fan mail the station signed her to a year's contract for twice weekly performances. On CBS, she broadcast twice weekly in a 15 minute radio show in the 1930s. By 1934, she was on NBC with sports announcer Ted Husing and sponsorship of the program from Oldsmobile.

Personal life
Etting saved some of her paycheck each week, regardless of the amount she was making at the time. Her friends said she invested in California real estate rather than the stock market. Etting, who made many of her own clothes, did her own housekeeping and lived frugally, initially announced her retirement in 1935. It is not clear why she did not go through with her announced plans, but she issued a second statement regarding retirement after filing for divorce from Snyder in November 1937.

Snyder's aggressive and controlling management style began to cause problems for Etting; during her work with Whoopee! on Broadway, Snyder was a constant presence. He was never without a gun and enjoyed poking people with it while saying "Put your hands up!" and then laughing when their fright was evident. Snyder also persisted in cornering Ziegfeld because he believed Etting's role in the musical could be improved. Ziegfeld had a different opinion and indicated nothing would be changed. Snyder would then mumble that it was not a suggestion but a demand.

By 1934, she was having difficulty getting engagements. Snyder's arguing and fighting at venues where Etting was employed caused her to be passed by for jobs in the United States. In 1936, she thought taking work in England might be the answer, but Snyder created problems while she was working there also. Soon after the couple arrived in England, Snyder became involved in a street fight, which created adverse publicity for Etting. She divorced Moe Snyder on the grounds of cruelty and abandonment on November 30, 1937. Snyder did not contest the divorce and received a settlement from his former wife. Etting gave her ex-husband half of her earnings at the time, $50,000, some securities and a half interest in a home in Beverly Hills, California. She deducted the gambling debts of Snyder she had paid and the costs she had paid for a home for Snyder's mother.

Threats and the shooting
Etting fell in love with her pianist, Myrl Alderman, who was separated from his wife. In January 1938, she began receiving threatening telephone calls from Snyder, who initially claimed Etting withheld assets from him when the divorce settlement was made. Though the couple was divorced, Snyder was also upset because of reports that she was seeing another man. Snyder told Etting that he would come to California and kill her. When Snyder telephoned and found Etting unavailable, he told his daughter Edith that he "would fix her ticket, too". He called again that evening; this time Etting took the call with her cousin, Arthur Etting, listening on an extension. Etting requested police protection after the telephone call and arranged for private protection. Apparently believing the danger was over when Snyder did not appear soon after his telephone call, Etting released her bodyguards a few days later.

On October 15, 1938, Snyder detained Myrl Alderman at a local radio station and forced the pianist to take him to his former wife at gunpoint. In the house at the time were Etting and Edith Snyder. Edith, Snyder's daughter by a previous marriage, worked for Etting and remained living with her after the divorce. Snyder held Etting and Alderman at gunpoint; when told his daughter was in another part of the house, he made Etting call her into the room. Snyder said he intended to kill all three, and told them to be quiet. When Myrl Alderman attempted to speak, Snyder shot him. Snyder then told his ex-wife, "I've had my revenge, so you can call the police."

Snyder claimed Myrl Alderman pulled a gun and shot at him first and that his ex-wife would not file charges against him because she still loved him. He also claimed he was drunk when he made the telephone threats to Etting in January 1938, saying that at the time his intentions were to kill both his ex-wife and himself. Ruth Etting said that the only gun in the home belonged to her, and after the shooting of Alderman, she was able to go into her bedroom and get it. Upon seeing Etting's gun, Moe Snyder wrested it away from her; it landed on the floor. Snyder's daughter, Edith, picked it up and held it on her father, shooting at him but hitting the floor instead. During a police reenactment of the shooting three days later, Edith Snyder said that she fired at her father to save Ruth Etting, weeping as she continued, "I don't yet know whether I am sorry I missed my Dad or whether I am glad". Snyder was accused of attempting to murder his ex-wife, his daughter, and Etting's accompanist, Myrl Alderman, the kidnapping of Alderman, as well as California state gun law violations.

Alienation of affections suit
Three days after the shooting of Myrl Alderman, the pianist's second wife, Alma, sued Etting for alienation of her husband's affections. Though Etting and Alderman claimed to have been married in Tijuana, Mexico, in July 1938, Alma Alderman said any marriage was invalid, because her divorce from Myrl Alderman would not be final until December 1938. Police investigators could find no record of the couple's Mexican marriage. Etting publicly invited Alma Alderman to visit her husband in the hospital, in an effort to see if the couple could reconcile.

Ruth Etting testified that she was not married to Alderman. During the course of the trial, there was also a question of the validity of Alderman's marriage to Alma. Alderman's first wife, Helen, obtained an interlocutory decree on January 7, 1935; the divorce became final one year later. On January 9, 1935, Alderman married Alma in Mexico. The second Mrs. Alderman called Moe Snyder to the stand as a witness regarding an attraction between her husband and Etting. Helen Alderman Warne also appeared in court, claiming that Alma Alderman had spirited Myrl away from her. Warne added that she had married and divorced the pianist twice. Alma Alderman's lawsuit ended in December 1939, with the court finding that she was not entitled to damages from Ruth Etting.

Trial and aftermath
The testimony in both trials brought much personal information into the public eye. Snyder, who claimed to still be in love with his ex-wife, gave Etting a diamond and platinum bracelet which she accepted after Snyder's telephone threat in January 1938. Etting testified that she agreed with her ex-husband's statement to police that Snyder was either drunk or out of his mind when he threatened her by phone. Snyder's attorney initially tried to prevent Etting from testifying against Snyder with a charge that the divorce she obtained in Illinois was invalid because she was a resident of California at that time.

During the trial, Snyder's attorney portrayed Ruth Etting as a calculating woman who had married Moe Snyder strictly for the benefit of her career, and that she divorced him in favor of being with another, younger man (Alderman). Snyder's attorney echoed his client's claim of self-defense and said his client never intended to kill Etting, his daughter, and Myrl Alderman. The attorney further claimed that, had Snyder intended to kill Alderman, he would have had ample time to do so while holding a gun on the pianist during the drive from the radio station to Etting‘s home where the shooting took place.

Etting married Alderman, who was almost a decade her junior, on December 14, 1938, in Las Vegas, during Moe Snyder's trial for attempted murder. Snyder was convicted of attempted murder, but released on appeal after one year in jail. Snyder won a new trial but returned to jail in January 1940 in lieu of bail. In August 1940, Myrl Alderman asked the district attorney to drop further prosecution attempts against Snyder for the 1938 shooting.

Etting, who had retired from performing prior to the shooting and subsequent trials, briefly had a radio show on WHN in 1947. She also accepted an engagement at New York's Copacabana in March 1947. Etting traveled alone to New York and during a newspaper interview, was asked if she had ever seen Moe Snyder again. She replied, "No, I hope I never do." and said that her husband never went to bed without a gun.

Later life and death
Etting and Alderman moved to an eight-acre farm outside of Colorado Springs in 1938. From 1947 until 1949, Etting and Alderman operated a restaurant. Alderman died in Denver on November 28, 1966, and was temporarily buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Colorado Springs. Etting died in Colorado Springs in 1978, at age 81. She was survived by a stepson, John Alderman, and four grandchildren. Etting and Alderman are interred at the Shrine of Remembrance Mausoleum in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Legacy
Etting's life was the basis for the fictionalized film, Love Me or Leave Me (1955), which starred Doris Day (as Etting), James Cagney (as Snyder) and Cameron Mitchell (as Alderman). Etting, Myrl Alderman and Moe Snyder all sold their rights to the story to MGM; Snyder was living in Chicago in 1955. Etting expressed sadness that "the real highlight of my life", her marriage to Alderman, was omitted from the film. Shortly before her death, Etting said she thought the screen portrayal of her was too tough and that Jane Powell would have been a better choice for the lead.

Etting has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her work in films, located on the north side of the 6500 block of Hollywood Boulevard. Her recordings of Love Me Or Leave Me (2005) and Ten Cents a Dance (1999) are part of the Grammy Hall of Fame.

Recording history
After an unissued test made by Victor on April 4, 1924, Etting was signed to Columbia Records in February 1926. She remained at Columbia through June 1931, when she split her recording between ARC (Banner, Perfect, Romeo, Oriole, etc.) and Columbia through March 1933. She signed with Brunswick and remained there until May 1934, when she re-signed with Columbia through July 1935. After a solitary Brunswick session in March 1936, she signed with the British label Rex and recorded two sessions in August and September, 1936. Etting returned to the US and signed with Decca in December 1936 and recorded until April 1937, when she basically retired from recording.

Hit records
Note: All of the above were Columbia releases. The following four were non-Columbia releases:
 * (1932) "It Was So Beautiful" (U.S. chart position 13) Melotone Records
 * (1933) "Try a Little Tenderness" (U.S. chart position 16) Melotone Records
 * (1934) "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" (U.S. chart position 15) Brunswick Records
 * (1937) "In the Chapel in the Moonlight" (U.S. chart position 20) Decca Records

Broadway
Ruth Etting's Broadway appearances are recorded at the Internet Broadway Database.
 * Ziegfeld Follies of 1927 – in which she introduced Irving Berlin's "Shaking The Blues Away"
 * Whoopee! (1928) – in which she introduced "Love Me or Leave Me"
 * Nine-Fifteen Revue (1929) – in which she introduced "Get Happy"
 * Simple Simon (1930) – in which she introduced "Ten Cents a Dance"
 * Ziegfeld Follies of 1931

Short films

 * The Book of Lovers (1929)
 * Broadway's Like That (1930) - Ruth
 * Roseland (1930) - Helen Leslie
 * One Good Turn (1930) - Ruth Eton
 * Stage Struck (1931)
 * Old Lace (1931)
 * Words & Music (1931) - Ruth Eton
 * Radio Salutes (1931)
 * A Mail Bride (1932)
 * A Regular Trouper (1932) - Ruth Eton
 * Artistic Temper (1932) - Ruth Whitney / Ruth White
 * A Modern Cinderella (1932) - Anita Ragusa
 * Bye-Gones (1933) - Aunt Ruth
 * Along Came Ruth (1933) - Ruth Etting a.k.a. Ruth Eldridge

 * Crashing the Gate (1933)
 * Knee Deep in Music (1933)
 * California Weather (1933)
 * A Torch Tango (1934)
 * The Song of Fame (1934) - Ruth Eaton
 * Derby Decade (1934) - Della Delmar
 * Southern Style (1934)
 * No Contest! (1934) - Ruth
 * Bandits and Ballads (1934)
 * An Old Spanish Onion (1935)
 * Ticket or Leave It (1935)
 * Tuned Out (1935) - Ruth, the Dixie Song Bird
 * Alladin from Manhattan (1936)
 * Melody in May (1936) - herself
 * Sleepy Time (1936) - (final film role)

Feature films

 * Mr. Broadway (1933) - herself
 * Roman Scandals (1933, her breakthrough film, which starred Eddie Cantor and Gloria Stuart) - Olga
 * Hips, Hips, Hooray! (1934) - herself
 * Gift of Gab (1934) - herself

title: Ruth Etting


text:
Talk:Ingrid Bergman

Height
There are various references to Bergman's height, especially in relation to male actors; but so far as I can see there is no actual statement in the article as to how tall she was. Is there reliable informnation available? Ponsonby100 (talk) 19:11, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Good point. I met her. She was indeed tall. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 08:16, 19 November 2023 (UTC)
 * IMDb says she was 5 feet 9 inches (175cm) (which was relatively taller when she was working than it would seem now) - but that statement is unreferenced and IMDb is not a WP:reliable source, but if a decent reference can be found by any editor it would be useful. Ponsonby100 (talk) 09:10, 19 November 2023 (UTC)

Life (and address) in Rochester, NY
I reverted the addition of Lindström's address in Rochester, NY because it broke a link, is unsourced, and seems like trivia to me. I've found a source here for the address, as well as a discussion of Bergman's life in Rochester. The LIFE magazine article mentioned in the following paragraph is here. In fact, the Rochester address is given in the same source. Thoughts? Jean-de-Nivelle (talk) 11:30, 13 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ingrid Bergman


text:
Adrian Mole and the Weapons of Mass Destruction

Adrian Mole and the Weapons of Mass Destruction is Sue Townsend's sixth full Adrian Mole novel (as opposed to Adrian Mole and the Small Amphibians and the Guardian serial). It is set in 2002/3 and Adrian is 33¾ years of age. The life of the protagonist is covered for one year, with a short epilogue that jumps to a time one year later (to 2004).

The title of the book refers to the Iraqi WMD that were used as justification for the Iraq War which began at this time. This is a recurring theme throughout the book.

Plot summary
The story also deals with an issue that has affected Sue Townsend directly; she was registered blind in 2001, as a result of long-term diabetes. Adrian Mole and the Weapons of Mass Destruction was typed by Townsend's husband from dictation.

Critical reception
In her review of the book, Mary Wakefield felt Mole's immature and angst-ridden personality has lost its appeal as he approaches middle-age, where it was endearing in a younger man.

Bruce "Brainbox" Henderson
Bruce was Adrian's old schoolmate in the first book. He was very clever although he couldn't grasp more philosophical concepts and dealt mainly with numbers. He never seemed to have many friends and was always seen with a calculator in his hand. He later started IdioTech, a company that specialises in 'technology for idiots'. At the end of the book he marries Marigold.

Nigel Hetherington
Nigel is Adrian's best friend. During the course of the novel he becomes blind. Unfortunately he has to give up working as a media analyst due to his condition, since this job essentially involves reading newspapers. Due to this and his situation in general, he becomes depressed and short-tempered. He often snaps at Adrian and is rude and contemptuous to him, despite Adrian's (often clearly misguided) attempts to involve him in his writer's workshop and cheer him up. He is given a guide dog for his condition, to which he develops an emotional attachment.

Glenn Bott/Mole
The son of Adrian Mole. Glenn, to his father's considerable annoyance, possesses none of his father's "intelligence" and opts to join the British Army. Stationed in Iraq, he is positively encouraged by his father to fight in a war with no foreseeable end. Towards the end, Adrian's opinion of the war has radically changed.

Robbie Stainforth
The best friend of Glenn, Adrian's son, and a private in the British Army, through which he is deployed to Iraq. He enjoys reading and becomes friends with Adrian's boss, Mr Carlton-Hayes, by exchanging letters. Mr Carlton-Hayes is keen to further his interest and sends him several books to read. He is killed in a bomb explosion near the end of the book, which upsets Adrian greatly.

Marigold Flowers
For a while she is Adrian's girlfriend, and later his fiance, but he loves her less each day. Adrian became engaged to her only because of the influence of her father, Michael. Marigold is described as needy, hysterical, mentally and emotionally unstable and a hypochondriac. She seems to always expect to get what she wants and proves to be manipulating Adrian. She even lies that she is pregnant with Adrian's child in a final attempt to make him marry her. At the end, however, she marries Bruce "Brainbox" Henderson.

Daisy Flowers
Daisy is Marigold's elder half-sister. She is the "black sheep" of the Flowers family, having embraced the materialistic lifestyle that they claim to renounce. She and Adrian are attracted to each other, and he eventually leaves Marigold in favour of her. Her father, Michael Flowers describes her as a Hedonist. Unlike the rest of the Flowers family, Daisy is popular with Adrian's friends and family. However, Daisy is temperamental, frequently drunk, and much to Adrian's annoyance swears in mostly every sentence.

Michael Flowers
Father of Daisy, Poppy, and Marigold. He is a powerful patriarchal figure, a vegetarian, a madrigal-singer, and a hater of modernity. He dislikes Mr. Carlton-Hayes, mostly because of a long-standing disagreement they have concerning J.R.R. Tolkien. Michael Flowers is a domineering character, who appears to like Adrian, and appears to attempt to groom Adrian to be his ideal son-in-law and surrogate son. Flowers is opinionated and usually ignores Adrian should he try argue his corner. After a life of left-wing piety Flowers later becomes a supporter of the right wing populist United Kingdom Independence Party.

Pandora Braithwaite
Adrian's childhood sweetheart. Formerly an Oxford academic, specialising in Eastern European languages, she has more recently become a politician and a Labour MP. There are some indications scattered through the novel that Adrian is still in love with her, as he was throughout most of the earlier books. Pandora also sent text messages to him saying she loved him but did that only when she was "drunk". Since The Cappuccino Years, Pandora has been the New Labour MP for Ashby-de-la-Zouch, and in this instalment resigns from her role as a prominent Parliamentary Private Secretary due to her disagreement with the government's invasion of Iraq in 2003, though she remains an MP.

Mr Hugh Carlton-Hayes (Hughie)
Adrian’s employer, always referred to as “Mr Carlton-Hayes”. He runs a small independent bookshop, where Adrian works and helps to slightly modernise. Unlike many of Adrian's acquaintances, Mr Carlton-Hayes has a very kind nature and helps Adrian out of his depression at the end of the book. A veteran of World War II, he is in his late seventies and from an upper-class background. A running joke in the book is that Adrian does not know whether Mr Carlton-Hayes' partner Leslie is a man or a woman; this is never made clear. Although they are from different backgrounds, he and Adrian share an appreciation of literature, contempt for Michael Flowers, and a similar reservation about expressing their feelings. It is revealed in Adrian Mole: The Prostrate Years that Leslie is a man and implied they both left their wives for their relationship.

Pauline Mole
Pauline is Adrian's mother, and plays less of a role in the story than in previous books. Like Adrian, Pauline is inclined to spend using money she hasn't got. Pauline's desire to live in a converted building result in she and her husband George converting some pigsties. Adrian is frustrated by his mother and father refusing to grow old in appearance.

George Mole
Adrian's father. George is still unemployed, and appears to have given up resolving this. After injuring himself converting the pigsties, the balding George becomes disabled. Adrian appears to sympathise with his father more than in previous books.

Poppy Flowers
Poppy Flowers is the middle Flowers sister. She is described as having particularly long hair (to the point in Adrian's opinion, where you feel awkward not commenting on it). Poppy is portrayed as being a moody and volatile character. Poppy is perhaps the middle ground between her sisters. Poppy on occasion allies with Daisy in criticizing the feeble personality and lifestyle of Marigold. It is mentioned that she is a Scientologist.

Animal
Animal is hired by Adrian's parents to convert their pigsties into a house. Animal is a man of few words, described by Darren (a friend of Adrian's) with the words, "He can't do a four-piece jigsaw... but he picks up a sledgehammer like it's a bag of feathers." At the end of the book, when his work is done, he is still living with Adrian's parents, in an apparent ménage à trois.

Wayne Wong
Wayne is a former school friend of Adrian's, now a proprietor of a Chinese restaurant, where he offers Adrian a discount. As such nearly every social occasion of Adrian's is held at the restaurant.

Parvez
Another former school friend of Adrian. Parvez is an independent financial adviser, who unfruitfully attempts to persuade Adrian to rein in his spending.

Ken Blunt
Ken is an anti-war, anti-American writer, whom Adrian befriends. Ken is married and believes it to be his duty to write about war, stating 'I can't stand the sort of writing that spends two chapters describing the colour of an Autumn fucking leaf'.

Gary Milksop
Gary is a feeble character who believes himself to be a talented writer. In reality, Gary has little aptitude to writing and cannot take criticism, hence the rest of the group constantly praise his mundane and lackluster writing.

Gladys Fordingbridge
Gladys is a pensioner who writes poems solely about cats. Her penchant for writing cat poetry annoys the rest of the group. When she is published, Adrian sees the opportunity to remove her from the group, and tells her she will have to leave the group once she renounces her amateur status. At the end of her diary, a poem of hers is published in the Times, which criticizes the lead up to the Iraq war.


text:
User talk:Eric Bond Hutton

Fritz Lang
I'm sorry to bother you so long after the event, but I was wondering why your 16:07, 14 Nov 2004 edit of the Fritz Lang article removed the words "(an ambitious two-part adaptation of the Ring of the Nibelung saga (better known from Wagner's opera)"? Of course, it was a clumsy phrase and could have been worded better, but I wondered what made you decide to delete it rather than replace it? I hope this doesn't sound nosey, I was just curious. --Chips Critic 00:21, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I have only recently noticed your message. Hence the tardiness of this reply.

 * You seem a little confused - as indeed was I on first reading your message! Take a look at the alterations made to the article on 30 October 2004 by somebody calling himself Jallan, and you will see what I actually cut.

 * Your statement regarding Die Nibelungen is of course correct.

 * alderbourne 17:43, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Well, I don't think it was my statement actually (certainly, I never made any reference to Wagner when I worked on the article months ago, as I didn't think it was necessary). Checking again I realise that phrase wasn't cut on your 16:07 edit, but was cut in your 16:20 edit on the same day. As you don't recall cutting this, I'm assuming it was some kind of accident or technical error, but if you make a comparison of your 16:07 edit with your 16:20 immediately after it, the alteration is there. I'm sorry to bother you about this, but I thought I should correct my earlier comment. --Chips Critic 21:24, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I repeat, take a look at the alterations made to the article on 30 October 2004 by somebody calling himself Jallan, and you will see what I actually cut.

 * alderbourne 17:27, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I already did, and have again, but the lines relating to Wagner were also deleted under your name. Check the histories, comparing your 16:07 edit with that of 16:20. Those words were removed under your name, whether you yourself made the edit or not. --Chips Critic 22:04, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I thought my first reply was clear enough. Let me explain once more, this time in greater detail.

 * At 12:22 on 12 September 2002 Modemac greatly expanded the Lang article. Among his additions was a reference to "an ambitious two-part adaptation of the Ring of the Nieblung [sic] saga (better known from Wagner's opera) [recte operatic cycle]". Subsequently somebody else corrected the spelling "Nieblung". Then, at 21:43 on 11 August 2004, you added the film's title and year of release. The passage now read: "Die Nibelungen (1924), an ambitious two-part adaptation of the Ring of the Nibelung saga (better known from Wagner's opera)". (I see, by the way, that what I referred to as "[y]our statement regarding Die Nibelungen" was in fact Modemac's, but this is a minor point.) At 20:30 on 30 October 2004 Jallan changed this to: "Die Nibelungen (1924), (an ambitious two-part adaptation of Wagner's Ring of the Nibelung operatic cycle)". When I came to add my pennyworth to the article on 14 November 2004 I consulted some books I have on Lang. They confirmed my suspicion that the Wagner reference was wrong. So I cut it - at 16:20. The passage had now shrunk to: "Die Nibelungen (1924)". I was puzzled by your first posting because in tinkering with the article I had, for reasons I am sure you can appreciate, always confined my attention to the most recent version; there were after all about 50 earlier ones! It was not as you assumed because I couldn't remember cutting a reference to Wagner (I could), nor because you had the time of my edit wrong!

 * To quote my first reply: "Take a look at the alterations made to the article on 30 October 2004 by somebody calling himself Jallan, and you will see what I actually cut". I still think that should have been sufficient.

 * I hope this discussion is now at an end. I really do have more important things to do.

 * alderbourne 17:56, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Wow! signal
You seem to have restored my "Wow" edits that were reverted by the extremely prolific editor "FayssalF" (or done some similar improvements) - thanks! Bob Gray

Unblock
Hello Alderbourne,

I have attempted to unblock you via the the Unblock User tool, but it stated that your user name could not be unblocked as it wasn't found on the block list. Can you put your IP on my user page? Oberiko 03:44, 9 November 2006 (UTC)

License tagging for Image:Tony Pond.jpg
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Andrew Repasky McElhinney
Page restored, jimfbleak 04:06, 30 March 2007 (UTC)

David Holt
Excellent to see David Holt in your Dream Diary list. You may like to know that his library has been accepted by Essex University and that the Jewish Chronicle this week records the establishment of a new ethical institute to be called ResponsAbility. Jeffrey Newman

Einstein Syndrome
Actuall, I think the deleted have a point about notabuility. The page should address the book rather than a syndrome.1Z 12:56, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Nancy Price
Glad to see Nancy Price in your Dream Diary list. Wonder if you could have a look at the entry for Nancy Price and give your thoughts. Excellent regards Excellentone (talk) 21:42, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

Personal Testimony
Personal testimony is not allowed on wikipedia, see WP:OR.--IvoShandor (talk) 15:35, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

Your not even talking about the article are you, you're talking about the talk page. I archived it because this isn't a discussion forum. The talk pages are for dicussing improvements to the article. If you can back up your testimony with published sources it can improve the article but as it stood you were simply using the talk page as a place to discuss EHS, so were a lot of other people, so I just archived it. --IvoShandor (talk) 15:42, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, I mentioned the Exploding head syndrome talk page and the fact that you had archived it with the comment "my lord, what a bunch of nonsense".

 * I also suggested that you read Oliver Fox's Astral Projection (1939) and Robert A. Monroe's Journeys Out of the Body (1971), follow the instructions in them on how to have an out-of-the-body experience and see for yourself whether it is nonsense.

 * Perhaps it is. Perhaps such experiences are nothing more than dreams. Perhaps there is no such thing as a soul, and when I come to die the conscious part of my nature will flicker out like a candle and cease to exist for ever. Yet on a number of occasions during the past 23 years I have had the utterly realistic sensation of forcing my soul to separate from my body; I have then been able to explore my house and its environs in an apparently disembodied state. And on one such occasion – the first, as it happens – I saw two marks on one of the doors of my wardrobe and felt a small bump on the underside of another, none of which had I noticed before so far as I knew and which on subsequent investigation turned out to be really there. As I said on that now archived talk page, cryptomnesia offers a plausible non-paranormal explanation in this case. However, a study of the literature on the subject, which is littered with veridical cases far more convincing than mine, has inclined me to think that something really may have left my body that day.

 * I am not criticising your decision to archive such personal testimony, only your contemptuous dismissal of it as a "bunch of nonsense".

 * Interestingly, since I began writing this I have learnt that the Human Consciousness Project of the University of Southampton is this week launching a study of near-death experiences in heart attack patients. To quote BBC News Online:

 * researchers have set up special shelving in resuscitation areas. The shelves hold pictures – but they're visible only from the ceiling.

 * Dr Sam Parnia, who is heading the study, said: "If you can demonstrate that consciousness continues after the brain switches off, it allows for the possibility that the consciousness is a separate entity.["]

 * [...]

 * Dr Parnia and medical colleagues will analyse the brain activity of 1,500 cardiac arrest survivors, and see whether they can recall the images in the pictures.

 * Nonetheless, even if this study should provide evidence for the existence of the soul, I have no doubt there will still be some to dismiss it as a "bunch of nonsense".

 * alderbourne (talk) 12:00, 18 September 2008 (UTC)

The comment you reference was not directed at anyone in particular, just at the talk page and the fact it consisted almost entirely of discussion only about the article's subject and not actually about improving it, and I am sorry if you were offended. In the future feel free to message me on my talk page, I don't bite, and I don't mind if others see that a fellow editor has problems or concerns with any of my edits. Again, sorry I was so smug. --IvoShandor (talk) 05:11, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

Wikipedia is not a forum
This is a friendly reminder that Wikipedia is not a forum, and new threads added to talk pages should be directly related to improving the article, not comments about the article's subject. For this reason, some of your comments on Talk:Roman Polanski have been deleted per WP:TALK. While an occasional reply addressing an editor directly is permitted and helpful, a new comment thread that invites forum-like discussion of the article's subject is contrary to the purpose of WP's talk pages. Please bear this in mind when making future contributions, particularly to such highly controversial pages as this one currently is. Thank you, and have a great day! Wilhelm Meis (Quatsch!) 09:43, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

P.S. That said, I agree that there is a lot of misplaced outrage on that talk page, but starting such a thread only invites more of the same. So while I agree with some of your comments, I must delete the thread for the good of the article. I hope you understand.

 * I think I understand. It is evidently acceptable to malign Polański, to call him a child molester and accuse him of all manner of unspeakable acts, and to do this, moreover, at inordinate length and over a period of several days while all the time giving not the slightest indication that there is another side to the story, that he may in fact be guilty of nothing more than having consensual sex with a 13-year-old girl. But if somebody suggests giving the man a fair hearing and ventures to state Polański's own version of events, the posting must be deleted immediately. Some sense of justice and fair play you have!

 * For anybody who is at all interested, here is my contribution again:

 * Are any of you interested in Polański's side of the story? Or do you all prefer to get on your moral high horses and bay for the man's blood while ignoring the possibility that he may be guilty of nothing more than having consensual sex once with a 13-year-old girl who by her own admission was already sexually experienced but by Californian law was under age? In his autobiography he describes what happened:

 * Then, very gently, I began to kiss and caress her. After this had gone on for some time, I led her over to the couch.

 * There was no doubt about Sandra's* experience and lack of inhibition. She spread herself and I entered her. She wasn't unresponsive. Yet, when I asked her softly if she was liking it, she resorted to her favorite expression: "It's all right."

 * While we were still making love, I heard a car in the driveway. It seemed to pass the house, so we carried on.

 * Suddenly, though, Sandra froze. The light on the phone had come on, which meant there was someone else in the house, making a call from another room. That stopped us both in our tracks, but it didn't suppress my desire for the girl. After whispering reassurances, Sandra gradually relaxed again. When it was all over, I opened the door a little and looked down the passage.†

 * That's it. He goes on to say he was "shocked and bewildered" the following day when he was arrested on a charge of rape.‡ Having admired his work for more than 30 years and having also read a good deal about him, I feel I know something about his character, his tastes and inclinations, though I have never had the privilege of meeting him. I do not believe he would do what he was accused of. And it is surely significant that in the whole of his 76 years no other woman, young or old, has ever accused him of molestation.

 * Though he was originally indicted on six counts – furnishing a controlled substance to a minor; committing a lewd or lascivious act; having unlawful sexual intercourse; perversion; sodomy; rape by use of drugs – the DA subsequently withdrew five of these charges, leaving only that of unlawful sexual intercourse. It was to this that Polański pleaded guilty.

 * Furthermore, since the girl was three weeks short of 14 at the time of the incident, Polański is no more a "child molester" (as some of you insist on dubbing him) than Edgar Allan Poe, Mayne Reid, Paul Gauguin, Charlie Chaplin or Oliver Reed, each of whom as a grown man either cohabited with or married a girl in her early or mid teens. Old goat might be a more fitting epithet. There is a world of difference. And some 13-year-old girls are enough to make an old goat – or a Polański – of any man.

 * Most disturbing of all is how some of you give every impression of wanting to be his executioner. Astonishingly, the same attitude is to be found in much of the recent press, radio and television coverage of the case. It is disagreeably reminiscent of the witch-hunts of centuries ago, the tricoteuses who sat round the guillotine, the persecution of Oscar Wilde, the Nazi thugs who rounded up the Jews and sent them on a one-way journey to the gas chambers. It is a sad intimation that man is still a vicious, apelike creature, that civilisation is only a veneer and that the lynch mob may one day come down the street to get you for being different from the herd.

 * * A pseudonym used in the book to protect Samantha Geimer's then still undisclosed identity.
 * † Roman by Polanski (1984), p. 393.
 * ‡ Ibid., p. 396.

 * alderbourne (talk) 13:48, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

Actually, that was not quite what I had in mind. If your comments were made in support of some proposed change to the article for its betterment, I would have let them stand untouched. But talk pages are for comments directed to improving the article only. They are not a forum for discussion of the article's subject. Just as other editors should not use the talk page to metaphorically lynch Polanski, neither should the talk page be used to defend him. The talk page has one purpose: discussing how to improve the article. That is all. It does not matter who the comments favor. I certainly disagree very strongly with many comments that I let stand on the talk page, but I left them there because they were placed there to propose a change to the article. While I disagree with them, I cannot remove them, unless they are prohibited postings, per WP:TALK. Thank you for respecting the editing process. I mean that. Wilhelm Meis (Quatsch!) 15:32, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

I have made a request to strike your comments at Talk:Roman Polanski
MOTION TO DELETE ON BLP AND OTHER GROUNDS. This edit contains an unsubstantiated claim which falsely impugns the reputation of the victim. Further: The editor has plagerized this text, word for word, as well as this edit, from an entry in the comments section at the NYT's website that is an explicit defense of Polanski - in which that author who signed as Eric Bond Hutton, states that he is motivated by personal experience of a false accusation. 99.142.5.86 (talk) 23:11, 7 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Get your facts right. Nobody has falsely impugned the reputation of Polański's alleged victim: the findings of the medical examination to which she was subjected – and which incidentally failed to back up her claims – can be read on pages 80–81 of the document I referred to. I have not plagiarised (which you can't even spell) the piece in the online comments section of the New York Times that you mention. It was by me. One cannot plagiarise oneself! Nor did I say I was motivated by personal experience of a false accusation; rather, I said that women sometimes make false allegations of rape out of malice or greed, and gave an example from my own life. (And I might add that I secretly recorded the lady admitting she had made it up. Five years on I still have that recording.) I think an apology is in order.

 * alderbourne (talk) 08:24, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

Not even Polanski disputes the incident. That a child drugged with muscle relaxants and alcohol had no obvious rips or tears in her body does not show that she was not raped - it may however indicate a high probability that the offenders penis was quite small and that he took his time using her.99.142.5.86 (talk) 15:20, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

 * As I thought, not man enough to apologise.

 * According to Polański it was consensual and there was no use of drugs. So, once again, get your facts right.

 * The findings of the medical examination indicate very strongly that his alleged victim is a liar. That you are reduced to speculating about the size of his penis speaks volumes.

 * alderbourne (talk) 19:58, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

Two points: 1) Unless you go through a formal process to prove that you posted those comments to the NYT page (which may not even be possible without contacting the admins of that site), you can't repost the text. 2) Your personal experiences are not enough to satisfy BLP. I suggest you drop the matter. —  The Hand That Feeds You :Bite 18:28, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

 * If you had bothered to visit my user page and examine its editing history, you would know that I was giving my name there as Eric Bond Hutton as long ago as 2005.

 * No, I will not let the matter drop.

 * alderbourne (talk) 19:58, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

The fact that you used the name doesn't satisfy copyright needs. You're free to continue this, but I have a feeling it will simply result in you being blocked. —  The Hand That Feeds You :Bite 20:21, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

Concern escalated to AN/I
My concern, noted above, regarding your claim at Talk:roman polanski has been brought to AN/I for a hearing. 99.142.5.86 (talk) 02:25, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

Patrick Moore book
I do not reply to Wikipedia emails directly, but I have opened a topic at Talk:Patrick Moore to discuss the issue. Dabbler (talk) 11:22, 20 April 2013 (UTC)

Huttons paradox
I think before we go through the trouble of a formal arbitration to remove Hutton's paradox from the Dream Argument article we should illicit the community's thoughts and/or a third opinion. Hopefully their insights will help you get a broader view and perhaps resolve it to your satisfaction. Lordvolton (talk) 23:11, 4 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Wishing no offense to you, I wanted to come here personally to let you know that a good consensus has been reached at Dream argument and also List of paradoxes to remove references to "Hutton's paradox." There do not seem to be any adequate reliable secondary sources about this paradox beyond your own personal writings. If there is another, better source than the ones that you've put forward on the talk page, please bring them forward and the information can be re-evaluated. Thanks for understanding. — e. ripley\talk 13:59, 9 August 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eric Bond Hutton


text:
Mick Tingelhoff

Henry Michael Tingelhoff (May 22, 1940 – September 11, 2021) was an American football center who played for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL) from 1962 to 1978. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2015.

College career
Tingelhoff attended the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. He earned three letters during his football career there, but did not become a starter until his senior season in 1961. He was a co-captain of that 1961 team, which had its biggest offensive output in over five seasons. Tingelhoff participated in the Senior Bowl in Mobile, Alabama, and in the All-American Bowl after the regular season was over.

Professional career
After graduating from Nebraska, Tingelhoff entered the 1962 NFL draft but was not drafted and instead signed with the Minnesota Vikings as a free agent in 1962. He became their starting center during his rookie season and held that spot until he retired in 1978. He was an AP First-team All-Pro selection for the first of five times in 1964 and also began a streak of six straight Pro Bowl appearances (1964–1969) that season. In 1967, he was named First-team All-Pro by Newspaper Enterprise Association and UPI and Second-team All-Pro by the AP. In 1969, he was named the NFL's Top Offensive Lineman of the Year by the 1,000-Yard Club in Columbus, Ohio. In 1970, he was named First-team All-Pro by both the PFWA and Pro Football Weekly. He was also named Second-team All-Pro by Newspaper Enterprise Association. He was named First-team All-NFC for that season by the AP.

Tingelhoff was one of 11 players to have played in all four Vikings Super Bowl appearances in the 1970s, and is generally considered to have been the premier center of his era. At the time of his retirement he had started in the 2nd most consecutive games (240 games) in NFL history behind teammate Jim Marshall (270). He was inducted into the Vikings Ring of Honor in 2001 and has had his #53 retired by the franchise. In 2003, he was named to the Professional Football Researchers Association Hall of Very Good in the association's inaugural HOVG class.

He is also a member of the Nebraska Football Hall of Fame and was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2015.

In 2011, Tingelhoff was named as that year's recipient of the Gerald R. Ford Legends Award. The award was presented to him during the 12th Annual Rimington Trophy Presentation banquet on January 14, 2012, at the Rococo Theatre in Lincoln, Nebraska. He died on September 11, 2021, from complications of Parkinson's disease and dementia.

title: Mick Tingelhoff