text:
Domžale

Domžale (Domschale) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Domžale in Slovenia. The town lies near the foothills of the Kamnik Alps and is crossed by the Kamnik Bistrica River. It includes the hamlets of Zgornje Domžale (Oberdomschale), Spodnje Domžale (Unterdomschale), and Študa. Domžale is known today for its small businesses, agriculture, and light industry.

Name
Domžale was attested in written sources circa 1200–1230 as Domsselsdorf (and as Vnheilden dorf in 1260, Vnsselsdorf in 1302, Vnsersdorf in 1322, Dumsel in 1490, and Damschale in 1558, among other variations.) The medieval German name Unser(s)dorf is derived from (D)unselsdorf, which was presumably borrowed from the Slovene name and from which the initial D- was lost because it was reanalyzed as a definite article. The Slovene name could be reconstructed as *Domžaľe, based on a Slavic personal name such as *Domožalъ and referring to an early inhabitant of the place. Alternatively, the Slovene name may be borrowed from Middle High German Domsell(sdorf), based in turn on a Slavic name such as *Domoslavъ. In the local dialect, the town is referred to as Dumžale. In the past the German name was Domschale.

History
Domžale became a town in 1925 and a city on 19 April 1952. In the following years, Domžale became an industrial center with strong chemical and textile industry. In 1980, the construction of modern apartments began and Domžale became known as a bedroom community of Ljubljana. After Slovenia declared independence, on 27 June 1991 the Yugoslav army attacked barricades in the town, and bombed the radio transmitter and houses.

Church
The church in Domžale is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary. It is surrounded by a cemetery and stands on a hill just north of the new municipal cemetery. In early 2012, the church's tower caught fire and destroyed its roof.

Radio transmitter
The Domžale radio transmitter, the most powerful transmitter in Slovenia, is located near Domžale. It operates on medium wave frequency 918 kHz and can be received at night throughout Europe. It uses a 161 m guyed steel tube mast as an aerial.

Sports

 * KK Kansai Helios Domžale
 * NK Domžale

Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Domžale include:
 * Ivan Ahčin (1897–1960), sociologist and journalist
 * (1870–1948), writer and composer
 * Tine Hribar (born 1941), philosopher and public intellectual
 * (1900–1963), architect and ethnologist
 * (1879–1961), journalist and librarian
 * (1860–1935), composer
 * (1899–1986), composer
 * Radovan Trifunović (born 1973), basketball coach
 * Dalibor Stevanović (born 1984), football player
 * Jan Vide (born 2005), basketball player

title: Domžale


text:
Greenvale, Queensland

Greenvale is a rural town and locality in the Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. In the, the locality of Greenvale had a population of 192 people.

Geography
Greenvale is a nickel mining area, approximately 220 km northwest of Townsville. Other metal ores are also extracted there.

Greenvale lies on the banks of the Burdekin River and on the Gregory Highway. A good sealed road crosses the hills over to Townsville.

Greenvale railway line (an ore-carrying railway line) ran between Greenvale and Queensland Nickel Industries (QNI) processing plant at Yabulu, approximately 20 km north of Townsville from 1974 to 1993. There are a number of abandoned railway stations on the line:

There are a number of airstrips, including (from north to south):
 * Greenvale railway station (-18.9739°N, 144.9449°W)
 * Miners Lake railway station (-18.9789°N, 144.9975°W)
 * Pilkara railway station (-19.0802°N, 145.1866°W)
 * Malan railway station (-19.1896°N, 145.4082°W)

 * Craigs Pocket Airstrip (-18.5656°N, 145.0068°W)
 * Marionvale Airstrip (-18.5961°N, 144.8969°W)
 * Wyandotte Airstrip (-18.7538°N, 144.8397°W)
 * Miners Lake Airstrip, east of the town on Aerodrome Road (-18.9968°N, 145.014°W)

History
Gugu Badhun (also known as Koko-Badun and Kokopatun) is an Australian Aboriginal language of North Queensland. The language region includes areas within the local government area of Charters Towers Region, particularly the localities of Greenvale and the Valley of Lagoons, and in the Upper Burdekin River area and in Abergowrie.

The town was named by the Queensland Place Names Board on 16 December 1972. The town takes its name from a pastoral run operated by John Langton in 1860s.

Greenvale Project No 2 State School opened on 22 May 1972 and closed on 18 October 1974. This is most likely to have been a school serving a construction camp.

Greenvale Project No 1 State School opened 18 February 1974. It closed on 29 March 1974.

Greenvale State School opened on 18 September 1972.

Greenvale Post Office opened on 1 November 1973. Some of the longest trains in Australia were pulled along the railway line. The railway line tracks were removed in mid-2000; however the bridges, cuttings, blue metal and easement remain. Occasionally people walk from Yabulu to Greenvale along it, as a form of fundraising.

Despite the fact that the mine itself has since concluded operations, more mining operations around the area have since commenced and homes are all fully occupied with workers supporting the regional mining and exploration.

When the nickel mine was in operation, its population was estimated to be 650 people.

Demographics
In the, the locality of Greenvale (then in the Shire of Dalrymple) had a population of 255 people.

In the, the locality of Greenvale had a population of 232 people.

In the, the locality of Greenvale had a population of 192 people.

Economy
The Greenvale mining lease has undergone extensive exploration work by Straits Resources and Metallica Minerals for the purpose of reopening the nickel and cobalt operations. The surrounding areas have extensive nickel and cobalt mineralisation. During this most recent exploration work, the Lucknow ridge south of the mine has been found to contain one of the largest known reserves of scandium oxide in the Lateritic nickel ore deposits. According to the managing director of Metallica Minerals, Andrew Gillies, the deposit's quality and purity are remarkably high.

Scandium oxide is a critical component of solid oxide fuel cells which have promise for the efficient direct production of electricity from low carbon gas fuels.

Education
Greenvale State School is a government primary (Early Childhood-6) school for boys and girls at Cassia Court (-18.9991°N, 144.9805°W). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 31 students with 3 teachers and 8 non-teaching staff (4 full-time equivalent). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 28 students with 4 teachers (3 full-time equivalent) and 8 non-teaching staff (4 full-time equivalent).

There are no secondary schools in Greenvale, nor nearby. The options are distance education and boarding school.

Attractions
The Three Rivers Hotel, made famous by Slim Dusty in a song by the same name, is now located at Greenvale. This is not the actual hotel where the song was penned by Stan Coster. The hotel reference is actually to the "Mess Hall" at the construction camp where Stan Coster penned the song. Stan worked as Grader operator for Thiess Brothers on the construction of the railway line. The origin of the name "Three Rivers Hotel" is not because the "hotel" was ever at the junction of the three rivers - Burdekin, Star and Clarke as stated on numerous web sites. The lyrics mentions the camp at the Star River. This was one of 6 camps that existed on the length of the Greenvale line. During 1974 North Queensland was severely drenched by a very active wet season and work on the railway line ceased for days, even weeks, on end. The workers in the camps had nothing better to do than spend the day in the camp "boozer". Each camp had a boozer which was a basic demountable building with outdoor covered seating. During one of these wet days the water started to enter the confines of the boozer and immediately some of the men started digging some improvised drainage around the boozer to channel away the water. As they built the channels, some wags named them after the 3 main rivers (Burdekin, Star and Clarke). These were joined up roughly as they do in real life and the boozer named "the Three Rivers Hotel". One of the drinkers that day was Stan Coster who penned the song on the spot in the bar and performed it for the drinkers. The three rivers referred in the song do not join up at one point but the Star and the Clarke join the Burdekin at completely separate locations and therefore there could be no hotel on the "junction" of the three rivers the song refers to.

There is a 9-hole golf course, caravan park and general store/mini supermarket. The hotel serves meals and has a number of self-contained units once used by the mine to house staff and contractors.

Undara Volcanic National Park is approximately 130 km to the north.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Greenvale, Queensland


text:
Talk:Enrico Caruso

Caruso and Otello
I've removed the statement that Caruso was preparing to sing Verdi's "Otello" at the Met during the 1921-22 season. Although a few books state that Caruso was to sing, or probably one day would sing the role of Otello, not one of these has ever cited a definite source for this information. I've studied Caruso extensively for the last forty years and have found no contemporary document (such as a letter written by Caruso or a reminiscence of any of Caruso's contemporaries) that corroborates the story. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.21.88.199 (talk) 23:09, 24 July 2013
 * I think you are right to remove the comment re Otello. The ref used was weak and doing a Google search i couldn't find anything specific either. Interestingly, in 1907 Caruso is quoted in a New York Times article saying that he had been studying the role along with that of Manrico. There's another NYT article around the same time that lists Caruso's Otello as part of the upcoming Met season (1907-08, I think but I can't remember for sure now). Of course that never happened, not in that or any subsequent season. It would be very interesting to know the story behind those mentions. More info on this topic would be most welcome. BTW, please remember to sign your Talk posts by entering the four tildes sign at the end of your message. And also try to remember to explain your edits, especially deletions, by entering the reason in the "Edit Summary" box. Saves time and confusion. Best, Markhh (talk) 20:47, 27 July 2013 (UTC)

 * It was Francis Robinson (Caruso - A life in Pictures) over thirty years at the MET also as assistant manager who stated that the 1922/23 season opening of the Metropolitan Opera was planned with Enrico Caruso in Otello. Unfortunately Caruso died in august 1921. Franco Bastiano — Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.129.191.77 (talk • contribs)

Untitled
Caruso received the highest ever paid opera fee of 15.000 $ for a single performance in Mexico-City in 1919, which would match with roundabout 195.000 $ of today!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.125.61 (talk) 14:02, 19 February 2010 (UTC)

Birthdate
Enrico Caruso is probably born on February 25 and not 27, as given in many reference books (See: allmusic.com) - Puck 13:08, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

None of the sources I have seen ever give the "sources" of either February 25th or 27th. Neither does allmusic.com. What is the reason to believe Feb 25th and not 27th?

 * Enrico Caruso, originally Errico, was born Febr. 25th 1873 and baptazied the following day Febr. 26th in the church next to his birthplace.

Franco Bastiano Voice agent —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.97.92 (talk) 10:37, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

 * The officials of Naples confirm that Enrico Caruso was born on february 25th 1873 an baptized the following day. The ENRICO CARUSO MUSEUM OF AMERICA in Brooklyn is in possession of a copy of Carusos parochial record. There clearly can be seen that he was baptized on february 26th 1873. So it is impossible that he was born february 27th. Get in touch with Cavaliere Ufficiale Aldo Mancusi --- Pres. Founder and Curator of the Enrico Caruso Museum of America.    Franco Bastiano  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.59.125 (talk) 19:30, 22 July 2011 (UTC)

 * This no longer in dispute. Look at the article. It states the facts as you have indicated. Markhh (talk) 02:52, 23 July 2011 (UTC)

Earthquake
Would it be relevant to mention that he performed in San Francisco the night before and became a survivor of the great quake?

Improvement
I am starting an improvement drive for this article. I will nominate it for collaboration of the week.

Capitalistroadster 10:38, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

 * To that end, let me add 2 things: he opened at the Met 17 times, a record only broken by Domingo, & he was the first recording artist (on wax, no less!). Trekphiler 19:34, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

 * easy record that: Caruso died with 48, Domingo is 75 not 68. Caruso sang 863 times at the Met within 17 years, Domingo 631 times within 43 years. By the way Domingo suffers from a Caruso-Neurosis. He will never reach the greatest tenor and singer of all times. Xavier Madrid —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.83.88 (talk) 10:50, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

Caruso was the first opera tenor who appeared in a large stadium. That was when he sang Radames in Aida on 2nd November 1919 in the bullfight arena of Mexico-city in front of 25.000!!! people. The success was of that kind that the world press turned upside down and the excitement held on half the night. So Caruso sang in a stadium long before the so called three tenors did. And what they offered was rather mediocre. JDT

 * Seeing as how his career started in 1894, some seven years after commercial recording began, it's unlikely that he could possibly be "the first recording artist". In fact, he first recorded in 1902, which much postdates all sorts of artists. Is there a Billy Murray article?24.22.172.60 06:12, 10 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, Billy Murray (singer). -- Infrogmation 16:25, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

Unsourced quotes
These 2 quotes were recently added - anyoen have a source?

 * He was initially reluctant to become a professional singer. When asked why he replied that he knew many tenors and they were all starving.
 * I have read numerous books and articles on Caruso and never heard this even as a legend or rumor. --Bluejay Young (talk) 07:11, 5 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Pure nonsense. Caruso did not want to be anything else but an operasinger from that moment at sixteen when he took lessons with Guglielmo Vergine renowned neapolitan teacher. --87.184.45.21 (talk) 06:08 14 May 2010

-AKeen 20:07, 16 April 2006 (UTC)
 * He was a collegue and friend of the Irish tenor John McCormack. One day when they met by chance in a shop he asked McCormack "How is the greatest tenor in the world today?" McCormack replied that he must be referring to himself.

I know a different story about this subject. Apparently, it was McCormack who asked Caruso "How is the greatest tenor in the world today?", and Caruso answered with a question: "Since when have you retired?" --MPM43 (talk) 05:01, 25 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Or "Since when did you become a baritone?" --Bluejay Young (talk) 07:11, 5 February 2010 (UTC)

Haunting in Oklahoma
http://www.ghouli.com/GHOSTSTORY/HauntedOklahoma.htm

Enrico Caruso is said to haunt the Brady Theater in Tulsa, OK

the page linked above has disappeared, and defaults to another page related to ghosts, but not to Caruso.

our local legend is that Caruso performed at the Tulsa Municipal Auditorium (still standing, known as the Brady Theater, or, more fondly, the Old Lady on Brady). Afterwards, J. Paul Getty asked Caruso if he had ever seen an oil well. apparently, the weather was quite bitter, and Caruso caught cold, leading to the illness that sent him home to his deathbed. the link above may have referred to some people's belief that the ghost of Caruso may haunt the old theater. 63.165.44.53 (talk) 15:12, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

Trivia
Certain recordings of his were predominantly used in Woody Allen's Match Point, an Academy Award-nominated thriller starring Scarlett Johansson and Jonathan Rhys Meyers.

I think this footnote to the main article belongs more properly in Trivia. Orbicle 09:27, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

Why did you put Daily Rotten? It's not a reliable source! ---Jack 23:27, 3 Feb 2007 (UTC)

high notes??
I consider it impossible that "Caruso must have had problems with very high notes"!

- The high C ("do di petto") is the trademark of every single opera piece, usually the highest dramatic moment in the developement of the story. Not a "very high note", therefore, but simply what a tenor is expected to achieve.

- Caruso has been the most famous tenor in history...the supposedly incapability of yielding a good high C would have no doubt condemned him to eternal oblivion.

- Instead: he had an incredibly versatile voice, powerful and flexible, and I have personally heard many of his recordings with a full, powerful "do di petto" that did not show any incertaincy.

- I think the distortion to B might have been because of other constraints, or for technical reasons. And the choice of doing one falsetto (in an opera that I don't know, so I'm guessing) could be an artistical decision.

 * According to this source [] it seems he may have had trouble with high notes early in his career, but that he resolved them around the time he gained fame. --Chapuisat 21:24, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

Caruso had a certain high C. His distortion to b was so perfect on rare nights when his voice was not in top form which happens to every singer, that almost nobody could tell the difference. Those who heard him say that his singing was in every way overwhelming and to compare to the dimensions of an organ. By the way Domingo never had a certain high c.

 * You obviously are no expert and never really listend to his roundabout 260 recordings. All of them are available.My grandfather heard Caruso twice as Radames in Aida at the MET. That role asks for 26 high B's and a handful of high C's. It was one of Carusos most successful parts. My grandfather was so overwhelmed, that he could not sleep all night after hearing Caruso. He said: I thought I had dreamt and therefore I went once more to hear him in this role within a month. He told me that Carusos high C's were clarionlike and not to compare to any other singer. He never forgot those performances all his life.

Jan de Turovski opera voice agent - —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.89.237 (talk) 14:23, 31 July 2009 (UTC)

Wow!
Nothing about the time the Teatro Nacional in Cuba was bombed during Caruso's performance? Murderbike (talk) 22:36, 24 November 2007 (UTC)

Caruso arrived two days after the incident to make his debut. The rest is a fairytale. Jan de Turovski —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.184.45.21 (talk) 14:21, 13 May 2011 (UTC)

Jussi Björling less robust and golden-toned than Caruso?
The statement that Jussi Björling's voice was "less robust and golden-toned than Caruso's" seems very POV to me. Could somebody explain this to me? Jussi's recording sure sound pretty robust and golden-toned to me... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.151.192.10 (talk) 13:21, 6 January 2008 (UTC)

The comparation of Caruso and Björling was always a product of anglosaxon audiences, among them his widow, who wanted, as many others, stablish Björling as "only of principal Caruso's heir". Latin audiences, even admiring Jussi for all his qualities, generaly thought that nothing more different than the singing of those tenors, most of all in the inerpretative field. Björling was a great failure as an interpreter of italian opera and Caruso one of its greatest ones. With this only point, the comparation falls. --MPM43 (talk) 05:26, 25 April 2009 (UTC)

Martha by Flotow
He first sang in this opera in 1906. How often did he appear in it afterwards? I'm asking because we say in the Martha article that it was popular till around the turn of the 20th century. That would fit if Caruso and others didn't sing it much past 1906. But Caruso didn't die till 1921. -- JackofOz (talk) 23:14, 20 June 2008 (UTC)
 * That info is or should be in Pierre Key's book. If I remember right, he did quite a few Marthas. (And woops, that was me, sometime in May 09 -- --Bluejay Young (talk) 19:52, 30 May 2009 (UTC))

 * Thanks. I don't know Key's book, but if anyone has access to it, they might advise the details.  --  JackofOz (talk) 21:31, 30 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Caruso sang Martha throughout his career at the Met. 41 performances from 1906 to 1920. Martha continued to be performed at the Met through the 1920s. See the Met Opera Database for details. A 1906 review in the database suggests that the 1906 revival constituted a return to favor for the opera which had previously fallen out of the repertoire. Markhh (talk) 22:41, 30 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Belated thanks. --   Jack of Oz   (Speak!)  12:07, 10 December 2009 (UTC)
 * And here's Pierre Key's entire book online for future reference. Enrico Caruso, A Biography by Pierre Key --Bluejay Young (talk) 19:39, 5 September 2011 (UTC)

Did he ever sing Verdi's Requiem?
He doesn't appear to have recorded any of it, but I'd be interested to know if he ever sang in it. -- JackofOz (talk) 11:05, 8 July 2008 (UTC)

Caruso recorded the "Ingemisco" from the Verdi Requiem on 7 January 1915. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.134.85.172 (talk) 06:44, 11 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Excellent, thanks. Can you tell me where you got that info from - because I couldn't find it anywhere. --  JackofOz (talk) 05:03, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * See yahoo music which has a sample part of complete caruso:

The Complete Caruso: Including The Original Victor Talking Machine Co. Master Recordings ...  http://music.yahoo.com/track/29836451 /s/ Lil Caruso, "and he sings to the people", EF 76.194.81.120 (talk) 12:49, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Thank you. I must get a copy of it.  --  JackofOz (talk) 05:15, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

Incidental information
Suggest that this vague catchall category be deleted and the information moved into the main article where appropriate. Markhh (talk) 04:06, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

Introduction
Suggest this article seems top heavy and out of balance. The intro seems far too long for the length of the total article. It should only summarize the main points of interest. Consider shortening intro and adding the other content to the main article. Markhh (talk) 04:43, 20 May 2009 (UTC)
 * its ok, as long as intro has full content
 * many articles r like that on wikipedia totally lowly! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.107.1.187 (talk) 21:41, 13 June 2009 (UTC)
 * interesting article Photo Standalone 2 -- No Title

Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1963); Sep 4, 1921;  Chicago Tribune (1849 - 1986) pg. C8
 * 204, thanx for restoring what vandal markhh removed! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.148.105.4 (talk) 00:15, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

NPOV
This article needs some good housekeeping when it comes to non-verifiable, subjective statements. Phrases like "tremendous international renown", "extraordinary voice", and "unequaled richness" do not belong in an encyclopedia. Toscaesque (talk) 21:29, 27 July 2009 (UTC)

Yah?Well why don't you clean out all that language? Stop leaving it to everyone else to do! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.89.66.135 (talk) 03:12, 20 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm removing the tag, which has now been there four months. The claim is not an NPOV issue anyway.  Few would disagree on the substance of the claims or say they are an effort to bias the encyclopedia.  Rather it is a matter of encyclopedic language and tone. - Wikidemon (talk) 19:05, 27 November 2009 (UTC)

Black Hand
No mention of the threats to his life (or voice by poisoning him with lye)? --MartinezMD (talk) 01:04, 26 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Nothing mentioned in 7 years? I added a section with references. MartinezMD (talk) 17:04, 5 November 2017 (UTC)

Online sources
Enrico Caruso at archive.org

Dorothy Caruso's biography used to be on archive.org also, but apparently someone renewed the copyright. I have PDFs from when it was free, if anyone is interested. --Bluejay Young (talk) 19:42, 5 September 2011 (UTC)

Sound film myth
I have removed the unreferenced and false statement that Caruso made an experimental sound film for Edison. The Lucia sextette film it referred to was made in 1908 in France by Georges Mendel and features actors miming to a playback of the commercial Victor record, a copy of which was played synchronously when the finished film was projected. A clip from the film, and in some cases all of it, has been included in various documentaries and video compilations and it has become a common source of confusion, especially as the "Caruso" bears a very passable resemblance to the tenor in his mustachioed years. See this Silent Era site item  for confirmation.

Caruso and Edison would certainly not have gotten together. In addition to being very much opposed to the star system and employing expensive "name" talent, Edison had a pathological aversion to any vibrato in voices or instruments. He had violinists who recorded for him play with a straight tone and searched far and wide for singers without the "terrible tremolo" that made Caruso, Ruffo and all the other "awful" singers he believed a gullible public had been hyped into praising anathema to him.

There is a plausible story about Caruso almost making an experimental sound film for another inventor in or around 1911, which apparently in the telling and retelling has become confused not only with the Mendel film but also with Edison's early experimental Kinetophone tests of similar date. I can't recall the name of the inventor or of his system offhand. My principal source is a respectable thick hardcover book published in the 1970s, but it is now in my mental reference library only and must also remain nameless here for the present. The upshot of the affair was that Caruso soon realized the sound recording involved would violate his exclusive contract with Victor and therefore nixed the plan, so no such film was ever made.

The nearest thing to a non-CGI Caruso "talkie" that we are ever going to see was created by matching up silent footage of him singing Vesti la giubba in My Cousin with one of his recordings of the aria. I haven't seen them myself, but I am given to understand that at least two attempts at this challenging editing task have been made, one with very rough results, the other more successful. Possibly available somewhere in Youtubeland. AVarchaeologist (talk) 05:16, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Million selling record
I just deleted the unsourced statement that Caruso's 1907 recording of Vesti la giubba was the first record to sell a million copies. This had replaced an earlier edit, with reference, that said it was the 1904 recording of Caruso singing the aria that set the record. Rather than correct or add a source I deleted the whole thing because it seems to be more complicated than either version would suggest. If you do a Google search you will find multiple references claiming that each of Caruso's three recordings of Vesti (1902, 1904, and 1907) was the record-setting disc. However, a reference called the Guiness Book of Records presents yet a fourth option: They say that all of Caruso's recordings of Vesti la Giubba combined made the record for for the first piece of music to sell a million copies. They go on to say that Alma Gluck's "Carry Me Back to Old Virginny" was the first "single record" to achieve sales of more than a million copies. Since there seems to be no clear consensus I thought it best to delete the claim all together until someone could do more careful research and spell out the accurate story with reliable sources (preferably more than one or two). Cheers, Markhh (talk) 03:45, 14 July 2014 (UTC)

 * Hear, hear, and thank you, Markhh. A scholarly article entitled The Myth of the Million-Seller or something similar, once freely available online but now apparently not, tackled the overall subject of its title in some depth and, to my mind, very persuasively. Some relevant points from that article and several other sources:
 * In the early decades of the 20th century, record companies treated their sales figures as very confidential information, company secrets that were not explicitly reported to the press and public for publicity purposes -- completely unlike standard practice in the era of Top 40 radio and photo-op gold record presentation ceremonies. An accounting of historical Victor-RCA Victor sales figures first saw the light of day when it was dragged kicking and screaming into open court in a legal proceeding sometime around 1940, and they were only year-by-year total sales for a few major categories, not numbers for individual titles or artists. The surprisingly modest total of Red Seal sales in any given year was the tail of the dog. They were a very pricey luxury product.
 * There was no "Billboard 100" or other sales chart or anything remotely similar in 1910 or 1920 or 1930, despite increasingly common present-day statements about such-and-such a 1927 recording "charting at #7" or the like, which seem to clearly indicate otherwise. The "charts" being referred to are retroactive ones created many decades later, based on ... what? Sheet music sales? Tea leaf readings and necromancy? No one seems to know. Access to surviving corporate archives has provided recent researchers with actual per-title quantity information for some periods of Victor production, but there are huge gaps. The archives of most other companies long ago became landfill, so their numbers cannot have been the basis for these conjured-up "charts" of pre-WWII era record sales.
 * There is a very strong tendency to aggrandizement and multiplication when pre-WWII million-seller claims appear in print. As the game of "telephone" plays out over even two or three generations of books and magazine articles, 785,000 gets rounded up to a million, then the million becomes "millions", etc.
 * Caruso got paid a royalty of 25 cents per 10-inch record and 50 cents per 12-inch record (both were at 50 cents for a few years early on). The total he received from Victor during his lifetime is not burned into my memory and I don't have the time to track it down now, but that figure is stated in quite a few sources. Do the arithmetic to estimate the total number of records it represents, then figure out what percentage would all have to be "Vesti la giubba" if that title accounted for one million of the total, then see if the ratio of "Vesti la giubba" to "other" looks reasonably plausible. My guess is that it will not. AVarchaeologist (talk) 22:34, 19 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Wow! fascinating. Thanks so much Markhh (talk) 05:37, 20 July 2014 (UTC)

 * You're very welcome.

 * It seems I simply didn't squeeze the Wayback Machine hard enough. The last few years of its "snapshots" only bring up "not found" messages, but the eye-opening article, actually entitled The "Million-Seller" Fallacy: A Reappraisal of 1920s Record Sales, by Alan Sutton of Mainspring Press, is in fact currently available there in its 2008 and earlier revisions . The enlightening 1901-1941 Victor sales table is also from the Mainspring Press site and still available direct.

 * My information about Caruso's Victor contracts and royalty arrangements was gleaned from pages 358-359 et al of My Father, Enrico Caruso by E.C. Jr., which is partially accessible via Google Books. Junior quotes Fred Gaisberg's claim (noted citation not available, but presumably it is Gaisberg's autobiography The Music Goes Round) that "Caruso would earn close to $5,000,000 in the next twenty years" (i.e., after the Milan sessions, so 1902-1922), but in keeping with the era of its publication Gaisberg's book places greater importance on good story-telling than on scholarly accuracy and his numbers are questionable. On page 291 of Enrico Caruso: a Biography by Key and Zirato (1922, public domain, available complete at archive.org), $2,225,000 is stated as the total of royalties received up to 1922, including a phenomenal $400,000 from the industry boom year (and Caruso memorial year) of 1921 alone.

 * Using the Key-Zirato number and averaging the royalty high at 45 cents per disc (12-inch Caruso records being several times more common than 10-inch ones), that works out to a total of about five million Caruso records, including ensemble recordings, sold during his lifetime and immediately afterward. Was at least one out of five of those records a pressing of Vesti la giubba? Not bloody likely, Mr. Guiness. AVarchaeologist (talk) 14:45, 20 July 2014 (UTC)
 * True, but based on what I run across while out junking, I'll bet at least one out of fifteen was.   78.26   (spin me / revolutions) 18:38, 21 July 2014 (UTC)

 * My own junking is now a thing of the ever-receding past but my experience accords with yours. Original-format sales of several hundred thousand copies would not surprise me. If sales figures for all the reissues on LP and CD are piled on, very probably the million mark has been passed, years ago, but that does not make it the "first million-seller". Records by Paul Whiteman, Ben Selvin and Vernon Dalhart are far stronger contenders for that trophy than any of Don Rico's.

 * Of course, the number-crunching above is a textbook example of Original Research, doomed to exile in talk page limbo as strictly background information unless something similar in citable form can be found, but I think it does suffice to raise the bar for inclusion of a definite "first" claim in the article to the "extraordinary claims demand extraordinary proof" level. A pedigree not traceable back to something far more solid than postwar press release puffery or LP liner notes does not meet that higher standard. I commend Markhh for Being Bold and giving this pop-culture factoid the boot. AVarchaeologist (talk) 04:34, 22 July 2014 (UTC)

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Errico?
I am removing the name since there is no source for it that I can see. Errico and Enrico are two completely diferent names. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 10:41, 3 November 2019 (UTC)

Big nonsense: Caruso was born and baptized as Errico, the neapoletan version of Enrico. His renowned teacher Guglielmo Vergine suggested that he would use the italian standard version of Enrico for the better sound. So he did. So on the main page after Enrico Caruso should be correctly added: originally Errico. His baptizing record can be seen in the Caruso Museum in New York where you can easily read Errico. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.212.174.30 (talk) 09:05, 1 December 2019 (UTC)

 * provide a link to a reliable source. That's how Wikipedia works. You can read WP:RS. MartinezMD (talk) 09:47, 1 December 2019 (UTC)
 * If Errico (Italian for Eric) in Neapolitan Italian dialect is the same name as Enrico (Italian for Henry) that also needs a source. So 2 sources are needed, one about that and another about Caruso having one name at birth and changing it later. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 19:24, 2 December 2019 (UTC)

Placement of more citations needed tag
I just moved the more citations needed tag (originally added by you in May 2021) from before Enrico_Caruso to the top of the article, per MOS:LAYOUT. However, as you gave no details regarding why you felt this tag was necessary, I'd like to make sure that this is what you intended. If you feel that the tag should refer only to the Early career section, we can replace it with and move it back down. Renerpho (talk) 23:11, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:23, 1 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Caruso-AveMaria.ogg

Self-caricatures
I know we already have a lot of his self-caricatures, but I just came across one I really like and that I think shows a somewhat different artistic style (shown here). Maybe replace something currently in the article? - Jmabel | Talk 04:24, 15 January 2023 (UTC)

Victor Talking Machine CO.
In the recordings section the following is mentioned "He made one final recording for the Gramophone & Typewriter Ltd in April 1904. On 1 February 1904, Caruso made his first recordings in America for the Victor Talking Machine Company and thereafter recorded exclusively for Victor." However while preparing to sale several recordings i found a Victor Talking Machine Co recording dated September 22, 1903 ! Since i have no knowledge of this matter i didn't want to edit the article, this is just something i stumbled upon while doing research for the sale. Obviously i am willing to provide photographic evidence. Wimpie1962 (talk) 18:23, 11 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Enrico Caruso


text:
Deterioration

Deterioration may refer to:

 * Worsening of health
 * Physical wear

title: Deterioration


text:
User talk:Ninam~enwiki

Welcome
Hi Ninam! Welcome to Wikipedia. You seem to have found your way nicely, so I won't try to pass any further advice :) Good luck. --Joy [shallot]   13:09, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC) Hi Joy, thx for Welcome :) --Ninam 00:34, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC).

Images
When uploading images please always edit the image description page and do two things:
 * 1) State the source of the image (created yourself, the address of a web page or another source.)
 * 2) State the copyright. The easiest way to list the copyright is to use a copyright tag. The most important tags are {{GFDL}}, {{PD}}, and {{fairuse}}. GFDL is for images that you create yourself. PD is for public domain images (pre-1923 in most cases). Fair use is for copyrighted images that we can use under the fair use rules in the USA.

Without proper source and copyright information, images will eventually be deleted!

If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the images (on my talk page) and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much.

In particular Image:Dusanova Srbija200.jpg needs info source and copyright. The legend should probably also be translated. Thanks   — Zeimusu | Talk 06:33, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Image have been scanned from university book, before WWII, so it is in PD and convenient with propositions of Wiki. Author of that book is my grand-grand father, so in any case depends on me as hereditary of his intellectual work to give it in Public Domain. So, my work to, dedicated to understanding between international community is also in PD, so I do believe in 5th Gold Rule od Internet, which was established in the Beginning, You can bring love/ As much love you give. Best, --Ninam 23:22, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

General
Ninam, I've edited a couple of the articles that you started (for wikification, a bit of clarification, etc.). Let me know if I screwed up anything :) Anyway, this is a suggestion: can you try to keep introductory description of person's interests and activities a bit shorter? It would make them more readable and easier to understand if it were not so overwhelming. Just a friendly suggestion. --Dejan Cabrilo 02:56, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Image:Predrag Dragic.jpg
Ninam, what's the copyright status of Image:Predrag Dragic.jpg? I don't think it falls under fair use, because it doesn't illustrate Lainović's work. Also, it probably isn't the best practice to use such an abstract painting to illustrate an article about a person. Can you please tag the image with the appropriate copyright information? Please take a look at Image_copyright_tags and put an appropriate tag. --Dejan Cabrilo 03:06, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Hi, Dejan. The drawing is in Dragic's possession, so as copyright, and I obtained it from him. In addition, it is on the cover of one of his books, in accordance with Wikipedia's copyright policy... Moreover, the usual manner and exhibit rules are - when you expose someone's painting/ drawing to give attribute to author. On style, yes with this author is appropriate to illustrate with this drawing. So, on style - Pope's State is not Vatican, sorry, and so on. Anyway, thx, for other changes. --Ninam 21:54, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Nikola Moravcevic
The issue is mainly formatting. There are also a few minor grammar mistakes. I'll work on correcting the grammar. — J3ff 06:37, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Yep, we were together on Article, so my dozens of liks to journals vanished. Thank you for grammar, I am going to sleep now, and the first thing in the morning to make those awful liknks correct. --Ninam 07:00, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Deadend
Sorry you caught me in the middle of a major update to the page so I overwrote your edit. I have gone through and redone most of your edits. One exception is Nenad Prokic it still does not match standard formatting, it does not even have any full sentences. - SimonP 02:48, May 25, 2005 (UTC)

Mysterious disappearing nunneries of Mt. Athos!
You wrote: "yep, there is no "nunneries" on Mt. Athos, only Ascetic nuns (houses of ascetisam)".

Not a grammar mistake, my ignorance. sorry Muj0 20:53, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Weird Al Yankovic / Serbian Diaspora ?
Er, I'm not certain why you've added Weird Al to this 'Serbian Diaspora' category you've created. Weird Al is American, not Serbian and as far as I know lives in the USA. Care to shed some light here? Djbrianuk 01:28, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Yep, he is descent of Serbian parents, Nick(Serbian:Nikola) and Mary (Serbian:Marija/read:Mari(y)a //in Serbian you can hear y after i) Yankovic/ Serbian:Janković/ read: Yankovich, so he is Serbian origin, i.e. Serbian diaspora. --Ninam 02:00, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC) PS Correction on mother side: What nationality is Al? Al's grandparents on his father's side were Yugoslavian, and on his mother's side they were Italian and English. Offical site NB In exYugoslavia there is no other surnames wich ends on -vic /(Serbian: -vić) but Serbian.

What about Fadila Memišević, AM, from Radio Free Europe? ;) --VKokielov 03:03, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

Nikolai Velimirovic
I fixed the link to Alexander Schmemann, but I couldn't figure out what you meant by "archbishop Brussels-Changhai Jovan" — perhaps you could fix whatever typo there may have been. --Magda 23:27, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Do you think it should be John (Maximovitch) of Shanghai and San Francisco? I did look back as best I could to find that you had added the information back in April, before the issue of whether to include the information came up at all. Perhaps you could cite the sources for the quotations somewhere? Humbly yours, Magda 15:13, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Serbian portal
As the amount of material somehow connected with Serbs and Serbia on Wikipedia grows, I think it wouldn't be a bad idea to form a SCG/Serb portal, so that all the articles about famous Serbs, Serb history, the Serb republic etc are more closely interlinked. This would also provide the casual reader with a easy to use encyclopaedia of everything they could wish to know about RS, SCG, the Serb diaspora etc. Јес' да је Србија мала и да је мало Срба али ипак има Палестински портал, Doctor Who портал, зато нема разлога да и ми ово не покренемо. At this stage I'm just gauging the amount of interest out there for this. If you support this idea, and want to help out, then just drop by my talk page -- estavisti 20:02, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

a Karadjordjevic
Could you kindly explain, why you have regarded the article about Dim. of yugosl. as deletable, and even as bad as "speedy deletion"?

I was not able to find any written reason from you to justify your proposition. Not the speedy, nor any sort of deletion.

Could you kindly explain why you, rather insultingly, called "nonsense" the fact that he is son of Alexander of Yugoslavia. (He of course is, and no one in any place in genealogy in the talk page has claimed that the said Alexander be crown prince - actually, the genealogies in the talk page state very clearly that he is son of that Alexander who is son of Paul and Olga, and thus it is self-evident to everyone who knows anything about that crown prince that he is not Dimitri's father - as all such people know that HIS parents were Peter and Alexandra.)

In my opinion, it is an interesting thing that despite odds against it (such as centuries of foreign rule, and persecution, and tendency to sink into oblivion as centuries go), a Yugoslavian prince actually verifiably descends from medieval monarchs of the same area as well as from Scanderbeg./And, why cannot Wikipedia give such information - as it is undeniably information. 62.78.104.95 07:22, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Dear Anonym, I am sorry, it was my mistake, (Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia =not= Crown Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia). Please take my humbly apologies. --Ninam 22:05, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Serbian diaspora
Ninam, I just noticed that you added several articles to category "Serbian diaspora". However, in the English language, word diaspora is usually used to refer to people who form some kind of an expatriate community, preserving a lot of culture, etc. (see diaspora) I don't think that people like Milo Radulovich or "Weird Al" Yankovic fit that category. --Dejan Čabrilo 17:04, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

On diacritics
I'm not sure what you have in mind regarding "remov[ing] ASCII in LINKS in spite of new version of Wiki sfw". Basically what I did was take, for example, Slobodan Milošević and systematically check all the pages referencing the Slobodan Milosevic redirect. Where the diacritics were missing I added them. I also changed Slobodan Milošević, strictly speaking without need, simply because on What links here these references show up as pointing to the redirect and look like instances without diacritics that need fixing.

"Those names should be found in search engines, in ANY language, no matter of user's knowledge of Serbian diacritics or not." I don't understand your argument. Surely you don't suggest that the text of the page Slobodan Milošević should contain popular misspellings Milosevic, Milosevich, Milosovic, etc, to help people find the page in a search engine? And if this doesn't apply to the principal page, why should it apply to other articles referencing it? Besides, Google at least treats characters with diacritics and the plain base character as synonymous for searches.

—Naddy 17:17, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

Serbian culture
I have had a go at improving this article. So far, I have added sections on literature, music, art, theatre and cinema. I hope to add other material in following days but may not have the article completed by the close of the vote. I would be grateful if you could have a look at it especially given your background as a Serbian. Capitalistroadster 06:36, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

User Categorization
You were listed on the Wikipedians/Serbia and Montenegro page as living in or being associated with Serbia and Montenegro. As part of the User categorisation project, these lists are being replaced with user categories. If you would like to add yourself to the category that is replacing the page, please visit Category:Wikipedians in Serbia and Montenegro for instructions. -Alekk 23:11, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

RS
Hi. There is a revert war going on Republika Srpska article. Would you please come to Talk:Republika_Srpska to check the discussion and give your opinion? Nikola 17:59, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Serbia and Montegro articles
Hi, I see you're in the category for those Wikipedians from Serbia & Montenegro. I'm trying to create a project whereby seperate articles for just Serbia OR Montenegro are written to an acceptable level, especially considering the possibility that 2006 may see the two nations seperate and become independent states. If that were to occur Wikipedia should have articles written to the standard of other national articles. It would be useful to have the input of Wikipedians living in the area. Please post any views here, not at my talk page. Thank You Grunners 18:24, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Biljana-plav.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Biljana-plav.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image:RAreiss.gif
Hi!

I am fielding an inquiry about this image. Do you happen to know where you got the image, and is it possible to get a very high resolution scan of the image? - Amgine 17:49, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Article Improvement Belgrade
You may wish to vote for Belgrade at the Article Improvement Drive page, here. --estavisti 21:47, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Invitation
Hello! I invite you to join the WikiProject Serbia. All the best, -- serbiana -  talk  02:43, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

Unspecified source for Image:RAreiss.gif
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Hello
I remember you once edited Duklja. How do you like it now? Also check out Pagania. --PaxEquilibrium 21:03, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

Image:Slobodan Rakitic.jpg
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Zdravo, Nina...
Htela sam da uplaodujem sliku: Image:Dusanova Srbija200.jpg na Commons, jer na španskoj vikipediji se mogu koristiti samo slike sa Commons, međutim, nedostaju mi neki važni podaci da bi slika mogla da bude korišćena, kao na primer: The creator and year of publication are essential information and must be provided.

Kako sam videla da si je ti uploadovala na engl. Viki, kontaktiram tebe, kako bi mi (ako znaš, naravno) rekla ove podatke... Molim te, odgovori mi na mojoj stranici na španskoj Viki (stavila sam vikiveze sa strane, kao u svakom drugom članku). Hvala ti unapred. --Maduixa 10:13, 20 May 2007 (UTC)

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Replaceable fair use Image:Ministar_vojislav_vukcevic.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ministar_vojislav_vukcevic.jpg. I noticed the description page specifies that the media is being used under a claim of fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first non-free content criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed media could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this media is not replaceable, please:

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Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Ninam! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 4 of the articles that you created  are tagged as Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring these articles up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the articles are adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 15:26, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Nenad Petrović (writer) -
 * 2) Mihailo Đurić -
 * 3) Ljiljana Crepajac -
 * 4) Nikola Moravčević -

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Possibly unfree File:Hanjar div Himmler Sauberzw.jpg
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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ninam. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ninam~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:09, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 16:59, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

File source problem with File:Nenad V Petrovic.jpg
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title: User talk:Ninam~enwiki


text: User talk:68.237.7.164

title: User talk:68.237.7.164


text: User talk:68.118.76.247

title: User talk:68.118.76.247


text:
Coast mole

The coast mole or Pacific mole (Scapanus orarius) is a medium-sized North American mole found in forested and open areas with moist soils along the Pacific coast from southwestern British Columbia to northwestern California.

Taxonomy
Two subspecies are recognized: the nominate, S. o. orarius, and Scheffer's coast mole, S. o. schefferi. The nominate has a shorter skull and less enlarged maxillary region. The patterns of teeth shearing on dirt and earthworms (their main diet) set both subspecies apart from similar species.

Description
The coast mole is generally less than 200 mm long, with the tail being one-fourth of its total length. The fur is uniformly black. The skull is relatively narrow and long, with a sublacrimal-maxillary ridge that is underdeveloped. Teeth are uncrowned and evenly spaced.

Distribution and habitat
The coast mole has a disjunct distribution, occurring from the western end of British Columbia, Canada through the western regions of Oregon and Washington, and in some parts of Northern California (coastal regions). The most extreme divergence of range for the coast mole has been seen to reach some parts of west-central Idaho. The species has a primarily fossorial lifestyle, but is not restricted solely to underground habitats. Like many other species of moles, it is capable of surfacing for scavenging purposes and juvenile dispersals, especially in the summer months. It may inhabit, but is not restricted to, agricultural land, sand dunes, grassy-meadows, sagebrush, deciduous forest, and pine forests (yellow-pine, Douglas fir, spruce, hemlock, and redwood).

Diet
Coast moles eat insects and other small invertebrates including earthworms, which it hunts in moderately moist soil environments. Coast moles will increase their digging activity when they sense shifting densities of earthworms. Food items found in coast mole stomachs included earthworms (the majority by mass), slugs, earthworm eggs, and larval and adult insects.

Behavior
The coast mole is primarily solitary and only become social during mating season. Coast mole populations and their corresponding tunnel systems seem to be larger in areas with damp soil and high earthworm densities. Coast moles are primarily nocturnal, but do not confine their activities to any specific part of the night. It has been found that an individual mole's activities tend to be asynchronous to those of neighboring moles.

Mating and reproduction
Mating usually occurs in period from late January and early March. During this time, coast moles will diverge from their normal solitary lifestyles and begin expanding their tunnel systems, even venturing into other coast mole tunnel systems in attempts to find a mating partner. Little is known about their gestation and nursing behavior. Females produce a single litter per year, and maternal care is limited. Coast mole offspring can become reproductively active within nine to ten months of birth.

Adaptation to burrowing lifestyle
Coast moles primarily use their noses for sensing their surroundings underground. Eimer's organ is a small, densely innervated sensory structure found in the nose of most talpid moles, including the coast mole, which seems to play a critical role in tactile discrimination and enables it to differentiate between prey items in an environment with little to no visual input. Moles and monotremes appear to have developed this as a convergent structure, using common components of mammalian skin to maximize tactile sensitivity.

Air supply in coast mole tunnels may be short on oxygen, but enriched with carbon dioxide from respiration. One adaptation to these environmental challenges is an increased blood volume for oxygen storage. Another is a modified hemoglobin, found in the coast mole and the eastern mole, that allows for heightened Cl- ion binding activity that is not affected by the relatively cold temperatures of mole tunnels.

Conservation
The species has been classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, since it appears to be common in a wide variety of habitats throughout its range.

title: Coast mole


text:
User talk:Notreadbyhumans

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
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 * Policy Library
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 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
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Feel free to contact me personally with any questions you might have. About, Help desk, and Village pump are also

a place to go for answers to general questions. To read up on the latest wikinews,

have a look at the Wikipedia Signpost.

You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

(Sam Spade | talk | contributions) 13:16, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Images
You've uploaded a bunch of images without specifying their sources or copyright information: If you do not list their source, or if their copyright information is not compatible with Wikipedia's Image use policy, they will be soon deleted. Please review our policy before uploading any more images. --Fastfission 23:24, 15 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Image:ExampleInstructions.jpg
 * Image:Illustrationexample.jpg
 * Image:SwordTypology.jpg
 * Image:Rich Picture.jpg
 * Image:Scientific research.jpg

 * They have been deleted but you need the list the source for Image:Illustrationexamplesmall.jpg - Ricky81682 (talk) 07:25, 26 January 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of The outliner of giants
A tag has been placed on The outliner of giants requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for web content. You may also wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. Laurent (talk) 21:10, 24 January 2010 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Rich picture
I have nominated Rich picture, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Rich picture. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Claritas (talk) 18:17, 9 May 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Notreadbyhumans


text:
User talk:Sneakums

Nothing to see here. sneakums 03:48, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sneakums


text:
User talk:Dmk

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Brilliant prose
 * Featured pictures
 * Boilerplate text
 * Current polls
 * Mailing lists
 * IRC channel

Feel free to contact me personally with any questions you might have. About, Help desk, and Village pump are also

a place to go for answers to general questions. To read up on the latest wikinews,

have a look at the Wikipedia Signpost.

You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

(Sam Spade | talk | contributions) 13:19, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dmk


text:
Pencil case

A pencil case or pencil box is a container used to store pencils. A pencil case can also contain a variety of other stationery such as sharpeners, pens, glue sticks, erasers, scissors, and rulers.

Pencil cases can be made from a variety of materials such as wood or metal. Some pencil cases have a hard and rigid shell encasing the pens inside, while others use a softer material such as plastic, leather or cotton. Soft versions are typically fastened with a zipper.

Early pencil cases were round or cylindrical in shape. Some early pencil cases were decorated with jasper (one from 1860) or platinum (from 1874).

The First recorded instance of a Pencil case being used was in congress in 1858 by Augustus C. Dodge.

title: Pencil case


text:
Herodas

Herodas or Herondas (Ἡρώδας or Ἡρώνδας - the name is spelt differently in the few places where he is mentioned), was a Greek poet and the author of short humorous dramatic scenes in verse, probably written in Alexandria during the 3rd century BC.

Apart from the intrinsic merit of these pieces, they are interesting in the history of Greek literature as being a new species, illustrating Alexandrian methods. They are called Mimiamboi (μιμίαμβοι, "Mime-iambics"), or mimes. Mimes were the Dorian product of South Italy and Sicily, and the most famous of them – from which Plato is said to have studied the drawing of character – were the work of Sophron.

These were scenes in popular life, written in the language of the people, vigorous with sexual proverbs such as we get in other reflections of that region – in Petronius and the Pentamerone. Two of the best known and the most vital among the Idylls of Theocritus, the 2nd and the 15th, we know to have been derived from mimes of Sophron. What Theocritus is doing there, Herodas, his younger contemporary, is doing in another manner – casting old material into novel form, upon a small scale, under strict conditions of technique. The method is entirely Alexandrian: Sophron had written in a peculiar kind of rhythmical prose; Theocritus uses the hexameter and Doric, Herodas the scazon or "lame" iambic (with a dragging spondee at the end) and the old Ionic dialect with which that metre was associated. That, however, hardly goes beyond the choice and form of words; the structure of the sentences is close-knit Attic. Herodas did not write his mimiambics in the contemporary Greek koine of his period. Rather, he affected a style that imitated the Greek spoken in the 6th century BC.

The metre and language suit the tone of common life that Herodas aims at realizing; for, as Theocritus may be called idealist, Herodas is an unflinching realist. His persons talk in vehement exclamations and emphatic turns of speech, with proverbs and fixed phrases; and occasionally, where it is designed as proper to the part, with the most naked coarseness of expression. The scene of the second and the fourth is laid at Cos, and the speaking characters in each are never more than three.

Mime I
In Mime I the old nurse, now the professional go-between or bawd, calls on Metriche, whose husband has been long away in Egypt, and endeavours to excite her interest in a most desirable young man, fallen deeply in love with her at first sight. After hearing all the arguments Metriche declines with dignity, but consoles the old woman with a glass of wine.

Mime II
This is a monologue by the "whoremonger" prosecuting a merchant-trader for breaking into his establishment at night and attempting to carry off one of the inmates, who is produced in court. The whoremonger, remarking that he has no evidence to call, proceeds to a peroration in the regular oratorical style, appealing to the Coan judges not to be unworthy of their traditional glories. The whole oration is a parody of Athenian legal speeches.

Mime III
Metrotimé, a desperate mother, brings to the schoolmaster Lampriscos her truant son, Cottalos, with whom neither she nor his incapable old father can do anything. She narrates his misdeeds and implores the schoolmaster to flog him. The boy accordingly is hoisted on another's back and flogged; but his spirit does not appear to be subdued, and the mother resorts to the old man after all.

Mime IV
This is a visit of two poor women with an offering to the temple of Asclepius at Cos. While the cock is being sacrificed, they turn, like the women in the Ion of Euripides, to admire the works of art; among them a small boy strangling a vulpanser – doubtless the work of Boethus of Chalcedon that we know – and a sacrificial procession by Apelles, "the Ephesian," of whom we have an interesting piece of contemporary eulogy. The oily sacristan is admirably painted in a few slight strokes.

Mime V
The jealous woman accuses one of her slaves, whom she has made her favourite, of infidelity; has him bound and sent degraded through the town to receive 2000 lashes; no sooner is he out of sight than she recalls him to be branded "at one job." The only pleasing person in the piece is the little maidservant permitted liberties as a verna brought up in the house whose ready tact suggests to her mistress an excuse for postponing execution of a threat made in ungovernable fury.

Mime VI
A friendly chat or a private conversation. The subject is a domestic one; Metro has arrived at Koritto's house to ask her where she acquired a dildo, but the dialogue is as clever and amusing as the rest, with some delightful touches. Our interest is engaged here in a certain Kerdon, the maker of the dildo and who hides this trade by the front of being a cobbler. On acquiring the information she desired, Metro leaves to seek him out.

Mime VII
The same Kerdon and Metro whom we see in VI appear, Metro bringing some friends to Kerdon's shoe shop, (his name, which means "profiteer", had already become generic for the shoemaker as the typical representative of retail trade) he is a little bald man with a fluent tongue, complaining of hard times, who bluffs and wheedles by turns. The sexual undertones which we have come to expect from his involvement in VI are only realised at the end when Metro's friends have left the shop.

Mime VIII
Opens with the poet waking up his servants to listen to his dream; but we have only the beginning, and the other fragments are very short. Within the limits of 100 lines or less Herodas presents us with a highly entertaining scene and with characters definitely drawn.

Discussion
Some of these had been perfected no doubt upon the Attic stage, where the tendency in the 4th century had been gradually to evolve accepted types—not individuals, but generalizations from a class, an art in which Menander's was esteemed the master-hand.

Their effect is achieved by true dramatic means, with touches never wasted and the more delightful often because they do not clamour for attention. The execution has the qualities of first-rate Alexandrian work in miniature, such as the epigrams of Asclepiades possess, the finish and firm outlines; and these little pictures bear the test of all artistic work – they do not lose their freshness with familiarity, and gain in interest as one learns to appreciate their subtle points.

title: Herodas


text:
Tablecloth

A tablecloth is a cloth used to cover a table. Some are mainly ornamental coverings, which may also help protect the table from scratches and stains. Other tablecloths are designed to be spread on a dining table before laying out tableware and food. Some tablecloths are designed as part of an overall table setting, with coordinating napkins, placemats, or other decorative pieces. Special kinds of tablecloth include "runners" which overhang the table at two ends only and "table protectors" which provide a padded layer under a normal tablecloth.

Shapes and sizes
The most common shapes for tablecloths are round, square, oval, and oblong, or rectangular, corresponding to the most common table shapes. Tablecloths usually have an overhang, referred to as the "drop." The drop is generally 6 to 15 in on each side of the table, with a shorter drop for casual dining and a longer drop for more formal occasions. Sometimes a floor-length cloth is used. Custom-made tablecloths are also available, and some people choose to make their own.

Fabrics and care
Today, dining tablecloths are typically made of cotton, a poly-cotton blend, or a PVC-coated material that can be wiped clean, but they can be made of almost any material, including delicate fabrics like embroidered silk. Ease of laundering is an important consideration for tablecloths used for dining, as they are easily soiled.

History
The oldest known reference to tablecloth dates back to around 100 AD, when it was mentioned by ancient Latin Spanish poet Martial.

In many European cultures a white, or mainly white, tablecloth used to be the standard covering for a dinner table. In the later medieval period, spreading a high quality white linen or cotton cloth on the table was an important part of preparing for a feast in a wealthy household. Over time, the custom of arranging tableware on a cloth became common for most social classes except the very poorest. As eating habits changed in the 20th century, a much greater range of table-setting styles developed. Some formal dinners still use white tablecloths, often with a damask weave, but other colours and patterns are also common.

Special cases
Perugia tablecloths and napkins have been made since medieval times. These cloths are white with characteristic woven blue stripes and patterns. This style is also associated with church linen.

Victorian interiors were full of thick, fringed draperies in deep colours, including tablecloths reaching the floor.

Cultural references
A popular "magic trick" involves pulling a loaded tablecloth away from a table but leaving the plates behind. This trick relies on inertia. It is known as a tablecloth pull or a tablecloth yank.

title: Tablecloth


text:
Barkly Highway

The Barkly Highway is a national highway in Queensland and the Northern Territory in Australia. It is the only sealed road between Queensland and the Northern Territory. The highway is named after the Barkly Tableland, which in turn was named by explorer William Landsborough in December 1861 after Henry Barkly, the then Governor of Victoria.

Description
The highway runs between Cloncurry via Mount Isa and Camooweal to the Stuart Highway north of Tennant Creek, at the junction known as the "Threeways". The entire highway is part of the National Highway system: in the Northern Territory it is assigned National Route 66; the Queensland portion is designated as National Route A2.

The Northern Territory section has a speed limit of 130 kph along most of its length.

As the only sealed road linking Queensland and the Northern Territory, it is the main transport route between them, consequently many road trains use it.

Upgrades
An upgrade of the Queensland section of the highway between Mount Isa and Camooweal was completed in 2008 and despite floods of 2009, 2010 and 2011, the Queensland sections of road are in good condition (as of 2015).

The Northern Australia Roads Program announced in 2016 included the following project for the Barkly Highway.

Intersection upgrades
The project for intersection upgrades in Mount Isa urban area was completed in mid 2019 at a total cost of $8.3 million.

Georgina River Bridge
Given the economic importance of transport on this route, a longstanding problem was the flooding of the Georgina River immediately west of Camooweal in Queensland. As the water levels in the Georgina River vary enormously from being completely dry to flooding, the Barkly Highway bridge over the Georgina River was often unusable for many days due to flooding, with road trains and other heavy vehicles having to wait weeks before it was safe to cross. To alleviate these problems, the Georgina River Bridge was officially opened on 20 December 2002 by Senator Ron Boswell and Steve Breadhauer, Minister for Transport in the Queensland Government. It replaced the previous bridge which was approximately 50 m south, and is both higher and longer so traffic on the highway can continue to cross during floods. The bridge is 417 m long and is accompanied by a 5.6 km highway deviation west from Camooweal. The bridge uses an unusual curved design to avoid placing pylons into the river bed which is culturally significant to the local Dugalunji people, who call the new bridge Ilaga Thuwani meaning The Camping Ground of the Rainbow Serpent.

List of towns along the Barkly Highway

 * Cloncurry
 * Mount Isa
 * Camooweal

title: Barkly Highway