text:
Talk:History of the Jews in England

Hidden Jews
In the introduction of the article, it states that after the expulsion of the Jews, some remained in hiding. However, this assertion is not backed by a citation, nor is it mentioned in the main body of the text.

Untitled
I'd be interested in the UK's stance of offering immigration to persecuted Jews on the continent during the Nazi regime and WW II. That would fit in to the last section "modern times". Any plans for that issue? --Freeatlast 21:07, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Although some people are confused by the concepts of "England", "Britain" and the "United Kingdom", does anyone else think the line "England is the southern and central portion of the island of Britain" perhaps not necessary for an article regarding the history of Jews in England?

 * You may want to sign your comments. Some of the text is taken from the Jewish Encyclopedia, which can be a bit pedantic at times when it comes to place recognition.  As for the immigration issue, let me see what I can do. --Goodoldpolonius2 02:42, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks Goodoldpolonius2 for the info on WWII and immigration (as you can see, I now have an account as you can see). The reasons for the British reluctance to take on more persecuted Jews during WW II would be interesting to know. --Freeatlast 21:07, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Romans
What about Jews with the Roman Armies? --Son of Paddy's Ego 23:32, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * There is not a shred of evidence of Jews in England (or more accurately, Britain) in Roman times although there is anecdotal evidence of trade between the West Country and South Wales with Marselles and Rome where there were big Jewish communities.Gaptech (talk) 20:10, 5 April 2011 (UTC)

History of the Jews in *England*
Is there a reason this article is exclusive to Jews in England? Would there be any objections to expanding the article into an history of the Jews in Britain, including Scotland and Wales? aliceinlampyland 19:12, 5 January 2006 (UTC).

 * Sounds like a good idea. The story of Jews in England misses out the the rest of Britain, which should be included. It would also be interesting to see a history of the jews in Ireland. --Dumbo1 16:50, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

 * 'with about 350,000 Jews currently living in England'- England or the UK? The article contradicts itself (starts off describing the census in England, but then gives the same figure for the whole of the UK (despite the fact that Glasgow is particularly mentioned as having a large Jewish population). Which is it? Badgerpatrol 17:41, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

The article is correctly titled and focused.--Mais oui! 22:28, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Then we ought to be clear in the use of statistics and other facts. 'England' and the UK are not interchangeable- as you may be aware. It would be one idea to clarify material currently in the article and set up linked stubs to e.g. History of the Jews in Scotland/Wales/etc. (especially given the quite considerable differences in the historical extent and pattern of anti-Semitic discrimination between the home nations). Unfortunately, I don't know exactly how to do this and nor do I want to proliferate a bunch of articles which are of potentially questionable significance. I personally feel it would be far better to retitle and revise this article as e.g. History of the Jews in the British Isles or similar. Cheers, Badgerpatrol 23:27, 6 March 2006 (UTC)
 * agree with Badger's proposal. Arniep 00:15, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
 * There are History of the Jews in Scotland and History of the Jews in Ireland articles so renaming this one is not needed, however the article should still clarify the numbers of Jews in England rather than the whole of the UK. According to the 2001 census there were 6,400 Jews in Scotland, this could be subracted from the UK figure to give a better estimate of the number of Jews in England? I would also suggest removing Glasgow from the list of cities with Jewish communities.Benson85 04:13, 3 May 2006 (UTC)
 * The title is fitting: in the period prior to the late 17th Century Jews were mainly in England, not the other areas you mentioned (Scotland, Wales). The histories of England for that period refer to England, not Britain.  So, the title is fitting.  (And as is generally acknowledged by this and other references, there is no recorded history of Jews in the British island until the 17th century. Dogru144 14:20, 17 September 2006 (UTC)
 * There are published works about Judaism in Wales; I know of at least one by Dan Cohn-Sherbok. Unfortunately I don't have the luxury of time to throw put together an article (exams, etc.).  Anyone up for it?  aliceinlampyland 14:32, 5 May 2006 (UTC).

Events at York Castle
The description of the death of Jews in Clifford's Tower in the article on York Castle is very different from the one here. I'm not sure which is more accurate, but some coordination needs to be done.

Expulsion of Jews, 1290
There needs to be some reference in this article as to where they went after expulsion: Spain? ... Where? Dogru144 14:22, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Sir Richard Burton's manuscript: The Jew
Download:

http://www.jrbooksonline.com/jgei.htm

See:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Francis_Burton

Henry VIII's musicians
[http://www.forward.com/articles/jews-in-the-court/ Jews in the Court, Raphael Mostel | Fri. Oct 06, 2006]:
 * it seems, the majority of the court musicians of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I were of Jewish heritage. It is a complicated, fascinating tale of historical excavation, one that involves a series of discoveries, from the identity of the mysterious “Dark Lady” of Shakespeare’s sonnets to the startling hypothesis that the whole grand European tradition of string music was born directly of Jewish hands.

There were no Jewish musicians in the court of King Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth I did not have a Jewish physician. 76.92.210.222 (talk) 06:43, 30 March 2010 (UTC)

From the article:

"In 1943 famed Anglo-Jewish film star Leslie Howard and Jewish activist Wilfrid B. Israel were killed when BOAC Flight 777 was shot down by the German Luftwaffe off the coast of France".

Not sure how to formally submit queries or corrections, but this sentence needs amending, because Leslie Howard lived long after WW2!

John Ramsden (jhnrmsdn@yahoo.co.uk)  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.176.163.26 (talk) 21:30, 11 May 2008 (UTC)
 * You're quite mistaken. Leslie Howard did not survive WWII. Dr. Dan (talk) 03:13, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Archaic Use of Usury
Usury is used a bit too much in this article. The definition of usury as simple money lending is archaic; the modern definition is lending money at an illegally or abnormally high interest rate. I'm going to change some of the usury references to other terms. Dragonsscout (talk) 23:39, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Perhaps Undue
The statement..."By July 1945 228,000 troops of the Polish Armed Forces in the West, including many Polish Jews, were serving under the high command of the British Army..." is undoubtedly true. What percentage of them were Jewish, or more simply, how many were serving in this contingent? Dr. Dan (talk) 03:11, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your query - I'd like to know the precise numbers too. I do know there are many graves of Polish Jews alongside Polish Gentiles who fought under the Polish flag (and British high command) at Monte Cassino - they're still lying next to each other, Jews and Gentiles, at the vast war cemetery in Italy. John Geller, an assimilated Polish Jew from Krakow, has a self-published biography named 'Through Darkness to Dawn' and you might like to track it down FYI. It is an account of him seeking refuge in Soviet-occupied eastern Poland in 1939, his deportation to Siberia (because he was too pro-Polish), his joining the Anders Army as a military doctor, and his tour of duty with the Polish Army as it moved west from Iran (Persia), Iraq and Palestine (Israel). He chose not to desert there and was posted to British East Africa, missed out on the Polish Army's Italy campaign, then settled in London after the Polish Resettlement Act 1947 and continued to practice as a doctor. Just one man's story - but as useful as any data IMO.Chumchum7 (talk) 09:24, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Thanks for all the information you've presented. However the answer to my question remains unanswered. Perhaps someone else might have an idea about the numbers and/or percentages of Jewish members of the Polish Armed Forces in the west, under the high command of the British Army. This is necessary to know before concluding that an entry in the article called, History of the Jews in England, stating..."By July 1945 228,000 troops of the Polish Armed Forces in the West, including many Polish Jews, were serving under the high command of the British Army. Many of these men and women were from the Kresy region of eastern Poland..." is undue. This is an encyclopedia article which should make attempt to be pertinent to the subject. I'd rather just know the numbers before pursuing the matter with a request for a source. Perhaps its true, perhaps it's undue. Dr. Dan (talk) 21:57, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Understood. A solution would be to change the phrase "many Polish Jews" to "Polish Jews". FYI in the democratic Polish Government in Exile a.k.a. the London Poles there were two Polish Jews: Szmul Zygielbojm and Ignacy Schwarzbart. They were there to represent Polish Jews, not least Polish Jews under British high command in the War. Chumchum7 (talk) 22:33, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

 * And here's a start at documentary evidence about the Polish Jewish graves at Monte Cassino: http://hgs.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/15/1/184. Still, no data, but there will have been survivors. You probably know the majority of Poles who survived Monte Cassino settled in the UK after the War for fear of persecution in Soviet occupied Poland. If Polish Jews fell in battle in the fight against Nazism, I think we shouldn't delete any mention of their journey to the UK and their contribution to British Jewish life.Chumchum7 (talk) 22:49, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Here you go http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3302233,00.html it says 10,000 Polish Jews under the Polish flag fought the Nazis at Monte Cassino. Even if half fell in Battle, you've got thousands of Polish Jews entitled to settle in Britain in accordance with the Polish Resettlement Act 1947. Only about a third of that 228,000 figure were Anders Army. The rest were from the tens of thousand of Polish troops that fled German POW camps and the forced enlistment into the Wehrmacht, and the figure for Polish Jews under Brit high command increases. Its not an undue mention, but reword it for precision if you have to.Chumchum7 (talk) 23:05, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Neither link worked for me. Just the same there has to be some figure of the numbers somewhere. That would settle the question, much more than a hypothetical possibility of casualties at the Battle of Monte Cassino. I'm not trying to be difficult. You made the edit. It's not a question concerning how many Jews were in England either. Only how many were "Jewish members of the Polish Armed Forces in the West, under the high command of the British Army". Dr. Dan (talk) 00:36, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

could not own land! - not many could
The claim that jews could not own land in England is beside the fact that most all of the gentile people could not own land in england. Only the king and/or queen could own land. The royal families owned the land because they had armies who would fight for them. If jewish people had an army that would fight and win the land for them they would have owned land in england just like the royal families owned land in england. Does it need to be pointed out for shame of antisemitism that jews could not own land whenever 99.99999% of the gentile population could not own land? Technically it is not antisemitism that caused jews to not own land in england but the jewish people's military weakness. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.115.141.183 (talk) 22:10, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

Ok someone wrecked the article
notice in the section ""Statutum de Judaismo", 1275" someone wrote that the jews original profession was orgenized crime, and claim all the jews of england became criminals (no sources at all and sounds fabricated) now this seemed wierd enough, but then came the section "Expulsion of MIBZ, 1290" of mibz?! this goes on in all the section ,all "jews" changed to "mibz", even the sources of one citation Reference (num 7) was changed (instead of jews ,the book name include "mibz") and in the end of the section, the peculiar 'historian' even adds a "meow"... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.176.2.191 (talk) 14:32, 24 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks for noticing those unsourced insertions - they've been fixed. Jayjg (talk) 18:43, 24 April 2011 (UTC)

the stuff written in the end of the section of ""Statutum de Judaismo", 1275" still have no sources though, what is this based upon ? ("Some resorted to highway robbery" never read such a thing in any source on jewish history of england "while a considerable number appear to have resorted to coin clipping as a means of securing a precarious existence." they indeed was accused of that when the heads of families were arrested, but it was part of Edward I persecution. the article mention it as a reasonable scenario) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.65.19.1 (talk) 18:13, 25 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Apparently it's a direct copy of a Jewish Encyclopedia article: see here. Jayjg (talk) 00:30, 28 April 2011 (UTC)
 * This is very outdated information, I'll try to find time to check and fix it. Jacobs seems to have got this incident quite wrong, which is relatively unusual for him. Jim Killock (talk) 14:31, 3 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Looks like this was fixed; but without reference to good history books! Jim Killock (talk) 14:39, 3 January 2024 (UTC)

Copyvio? not
Parts are copied from a 1906 book Jewish Encyclopedia published in New York--its copyright has expired and there is no copyvio. (It should be cited the way EB 1911 is often cited) Rjensen (talk) 12:00, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:History of the Jews in Abkhazia which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 05:06, 5 June 2020 (UTC)

Lead does not follow Manual of style
The lead should be a summary; currently, it is too detailed and has information not in the body of the article. According to MOS:LEAD, 'The lead serves as an introduction to the article and a summary of its most important contents....The lead should stand on its own as a concise overview of the article's topic. It should identify the topic, establish context, explain why the topic is notable, and summarize the most important points, including any prominent controversies....Apart from basic facts, significant information should not appear in the lead if it is not covered in the remainder of the article.' Jontel (talk) 07:44, 29 June 2020 (UTC)

Daniel O'Connell and "De Judaismo"
The intro to this article says: At the insistence of Irish leader Daniel O'Connell, in 1846 the British law "De Judaismo", which prescribed a special dress for Jews, was repealed. This is not great encyclopedic writing: it's ambiguous as to whether England (the subject of this article) is even being referred to, given the Irish context. It is also not made clear whether Jews were legally required to wear certain clothes up until 1846, or if the law was long since unenforced but just happened to still be on the books. Despite appearing in the lead there is no further mention in this article of special dress for Jews at any time, other than mention of the yellow patch centuries earlier. It appears from a search that "De Judaismo" refers to the Statute of the Jewry of 1275, but again, in that article there is no mention of clothing other than the yellow badge, nor of anything to do with Daniel O'Connell or repeal. I don't seek to downplay the significance of the yellow patch/badge, but it is not obvious to the reader whether references to "special dress" refer to it or to something else. This factoid thrown into the intro needs to be contextualised or removed. Beorhtwulf (talk) 16:29, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

Henry VIII in 1549?
In “Henry VIII and Judaism’ it says ‘ and in 1549 Henry allowed Hebrew to be used in private worship.’ That’s not possible 46.208.12.95 (talk) 17:15, 21 December 2022 (UTC)

 * He died 1547 46.208.12.95 (talk) 17:16, 21 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for bringing this up. There was an error during the edit process. I have corrected it using the source. Danial Bass (talk) 17:24, 21 December 2022 (UTC)

Reorganising sources?
Would anyone mind if I changed the format of the sources to contain all sources as a final list, and use notes within the text eg or ?

I feel this would make it easier to do some rewrites / source clarifications on the basis of a handful of good sources; for instance atm some of the medieval stuff relies on newspaper articles! Not that the content is wrong, just that there are better sources, which in the current format, would be repeated a lot. Jim Killock (talk) 14:38, 3 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of the Jews in England


text:
Talk:Dennis Rader (killer)

Bad redirect
Being as how Dennis Rader was only apprehended yesterday, and is only a suspect in this crime - not even brought to trial yet, much less convicted - I feel it's completely inappropriate to make BTK be a redirect to Dennis Rader. I also feel it is extremely premature to so definitively name Rader as the killer. - Brian Kendig 23:06, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I concur, although I don't see why Dennis Rader can't redirect to BTK killer, with the information accumulated in this article. Because that page exists, an administrator will have to make the reverse move, in order to preserve editing history. --Dhartung | Talk 23:25, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I definitely think the article should be split. There are sections clearly from either topic; each can link to the other, but it should NOT be one article unless and until Rader is clearly convicted. This is linked off the Main Page, so I would recommend doing this soon... Radagast 02:56, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * Dennis Rader is entirely unnotable aside from being a suspect. Move the article to BTK killer, and make Dennis Rader a redirect. grendel|khan 04:57, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)

 * This article should be under BTK killer, not the name of the suspect. A-giau 05:32, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It should be pointed out that the police seem quite certain that this is the man. "Wichita Mayor Carlos Mayans told The Eagle before the news briefing that law-enforcement officers had told him that Rader's DNA matched evidence from at least one of the BTK crime scenes." ~Wichita Eagle. "The bottom line: BTK is arrested." ~Wichita Police Chief Norman Williams. Still, I agree that the current title is presumptuous. Wait for the outcome of the trial, or at least for a confession. Have "Dennis Rader" redirect to BTK, but the two shouldn't be completely merged just yet. Mr. Billion 07:35, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It looks more than a bit daft having the article "Dennis Rader" under the category "Unidentified serial killers". Hn 09:06, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Dennis Rader (killer)


text:
Talk:Fish farming

Incorrect Reference
I followed the link for the reference cited for the following: "The use of antibiotic drugs in aquaculture has decreased considerably in the last decade. Vaccinations and other techniques have virtually eliminated the need for antibiotics.[11]" The NHU does not state that antibiotics use has decreased anywhere but in their own facility, where they are doing experiments with the use of vaccinations. For those of us who may take issue with the use of antibiotics in feed lots, this is a real slap in the face to the seriousness of the subject. If there is no adequate reference for the claim that antibiotics have been virtually eliminated from fish farming, then this needs to be removed, and possibly more accurate statements added to reflect the state of fish farming today, worldwide, with respect to antibiotic use. I did not simply remove the statement or flag it, because I assumed whoever added it might have some better data, or otherwise want to update it themselves. I only know that I am a walking litmus test for antibiotics in food (I know, not a very citable source), and I can tell you that at least some farmed salmon indeed has a load of antibiotics in it (because it gives me a specific hypersensitivity reaction to the macrolide, tylosin). So, for me this is personal, but antibiotic use in feed lots is a major environmental concern, as well, and should not be dismissed with invalid comments about its virtual elimination from the practices of fish farms. Thanks, and I hope to see this updated. 69.109.114.81 (talk) 15:58, 28 August 2009 (UTC)Leha Carpenter

 * Much thanks to whoever rewrote the Criticism section--it is looking much more balanced and accurate now! 69.109.172.29 (talk) 15:54, 28 October 2009 (UTC)Leha Carpenter

Stressing Captive Fish
Yeah, you have to use the scientific method to determine if being kept in an area the size of a bathtub is going to drive you insane and develop neurotic tendancies? How 'bout we lock YOU in a caged bathtub and don't make a judgement to determine whether or not it's good for your mental health until we use our Oh So Special 'Scientific Method' to determine if this is psychologically draining? Scientific method my ASS! I bet 95% of these caged fish develop some form of klaustrophobia or hysteria inside their head from being kept in a fucking bathtub. It doesn't take the fucking scientific method to figure that out.
 * Hey, 199... I tend to agree that confined fish probably do suffer stress, but for the purposes of Wiki, anything in an article has to be documented by a reliable source. If you feel so strongly about this, why not research it a bit online and present referenced material to support your point of view? There have been studies about stress affecting farmed fish, so citing those would have more impact than raving about a process you don't agree with. Bob98133 (talk) 15:03, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

Question for aquaculturalists
What do you call a female fish filled with roe (or, how do you describe such a condition)? She isn't pregnant, since the eggs have not yet been impregnated ... Could someone answer on my talk page? Thanks, Slrubenstein  |  Talk  23:06, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Cross posted to User_talk:Slrubenstein

 * Hi there, I just stumbled across your question on talk:fish farming and talk:aquaculture. When full of eggs, female salmon are gravid. I don't know if anyone beat me to it, and if it's still any use to you now, but thought I'd leave you a note. Anilocra 21:37, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

Controversy
I intergrated the pro-fish farm views in this section with the argument of those against fish farms. The previous editor provided some excellent information for the pro-fish farm view, but did not integrate it well with the rest of the text. I hope this editor, in using Wikipedia more, realizes that people on both sides of an issue need to work together to produce integrated and readable Wikipedia entries. --Simon.Pole 07:18, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I do want to know about fish farm exactly and why it is a issue. Why people want to keep fish in their farm. --Youngwook.Lee 11:41, 11 Apr 2007 (NWMSU)

Open-Ocean Aquaculture
I am hoping that someone could start a section on Open-Ocean Aquaculture (OOA). It has been called the future of fish farming. It consists of a large floating cage that is anchored in the open ocean. Jotogo 14:29, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

 * This type of aquaculture is covered to some extent in the Mariculture article, since it takes place in the ocean. Earthdirt 13:22, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

Help?
hi there..if possible, i really need an idea on how to lessen contamination...i culture nanno,and rotifer but there seems to be a problem...FILAMENTOUS ALGAE !! i'm doing fish farming with the intensive system (i'm new employee here).. is there anything i can do to uncontaminate the water?

your water filtering/re-circulating system... what are you equiped with? algae is very tough... UV has been shown to reduce algae outbreaks in culturing systems.

Transferring two sections from Aquaculture
For all of you who are watching this article:

A proposal has been put forth at Talk:Aquaculture to transfer two sections from Aquaculture to Fish farming. Please chime in if you feel so inclined. SchuminWeb (Talk) 18:55, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

Well done
The upper right-hand menu is nicely done. What great symmetry! And one can almost see a "fish". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.169.25.180 (talk) 17:58, 25 April 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. Maximum and careful attention was done to avoid any wrongly tagging any categories, but mistakes may happen... If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 21:18, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

WP:OWN

 * This discussion has been relocated to WikiProject Fisheries and Fishing.

Judging by the page history, User:Geronimo20 seems to own this article. If so, he should provide his credentials for keeping the page in its current sorry state. Who allowed him to rollback good-faith edits and clutter the lead with identical images? --Ghirla-трёп- 05:40, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I have replied to this here. --Geronimo20 (talk) 08:29, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I just think that having two identical pictures in the lead, aligned left and right, is sort of... well, weird. Left-aligned images are better avoided, and there is nothing wrong with moving it into the text below. But as long as the Sochi image remains, I don't really care. --Ghirla-трёп- 19:41, 9 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree with you about the image, but I think the OWN accusations are not needed. See WP:NPA. I moved the image.--agr (talk) 20:05, 9 July 2008 (UTC)
 * If you think WP:OWN (or referring anyone to the page) is a vehicle for personal attacks, you should list it for deletion. As for (mis)use of rollback, see WP:ROLLBACK. --Ghirla-трёп- 20:08, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * You don't seem to make sense, Ghirla. Perhaps a wikibreak would help you. And no-one used rollback. My reverts used undo and explained why in the edit summary. If you bother to actually read WP:ROLLBACK, you will find it says: "If there is any doubt about whether an edit should be rolled back... use the undo feature instead, and add a more informative edit summary explaining your revert." --Geronimo20 (talk) 22:31, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I think it would help if both of you stopped commenting on the other and returned to improving the article, which is what this talk page is for. --agr (talk) 22:37, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

What purpose is served by having the same picture twice in the same article? Geronimo20 stated that "no-one has ever complained before", well that 3 contributors just here. The same goes in all articles regarding fishing (Recreational fishing, Fishery, Fishing industry, Fishing, etc..)- Wikigi | talk to me | 23:19, 8 December 2008 (UTC)

Intensive/Extensive Distinction
The parentheticals in the "major categories" of fish farms section are misleading. According to the lead-in paragraph, intensive simply means the fish are fed, not that they are in closed-containment systems. A simple counterexample is cage-farming of salmon or tuna. I'm removing the misleading parenthetical statements in those subsection headers. The bodies of the subsections will likely need further editing as well. --added by User talk:68.148.7.69 04:41, 31 Oct 2008 (UTC)

Please add the info of prawn farming, crab farming etc......
to this page --222.64.215.148 (talk) 02:17, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Does the service of Google engine for this topic needs to be improve....too???
Look at my this search result

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1&q=prawn+farming&btnG=Search --222.64.208.67 (talk) 08:31, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1&q=fisheries+farming+site%3Awww.aciar.gov.au&btnG=Search --222.64.208.67 (talk) 08:33, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1&q=fish+farming+site%3Awww.aciar.gov.au&btnG=Search --222.64.208.67 (talk) 08:34, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1&q=fish+farming+manual+site%3Awww.aciar.gov.au&btnG=Search --222.64.208.67 (talk) 08:36, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1&q=fisheries+farming+manual+site%3Awww.aciar.gov.au&btnG=Search

Looks like that Australia never farms fish--222.64.208.67 (talk) 08:39, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Biotechnology
We need a biotechnology section. Why? Well because the more we farm fishes, the more we realize that the current relationship is not sustainable over long term, so we need to either improve farming methods at a mechanical level (which is already covered in the article) or change our methods at a very basic, physiological level (which is NOT covered in the article).

Some things to focus on: Cloning: The PRC government is trying to increase yield of carnivorous fishes by cloning their food Genetic engineering: Increasing yield of all fishes through biotechnology, as well as survivability in different kinds of environments (Siberia, Canada etc farming anchovies) Hormonal modification: Better control of growth and reproductive systems in a way that won't impact human consumers Bacterial involvement: Lowering cost of fish food by splicing nutritive genes (for various proteins, amino acids, fats etc) needed by fish into bacteria, also antibiotics Algal involvement: (somewhat covered in the article)

The point is, a new section would help out a lot, but I'm going to have trouble doing it myself and I need some help. 99.236.221.124 (talk) 01:46, 7 February 2010 (UTC)

 * This article does not give information on latest research in the subject; without that, the article appears to be incomplete. Pathare Prabhu (talk) 13:36, 21 February 2013 (UTC)

How did fish evolve?

 * hi i amm kool —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.168.103.148 (talk) 16:42, 31 March 2010 (UTC)

I do not think this issue comes under "Fish Farming" Pathare Prabhu (talk) 13:32, 21 February 2013 (UTC)

Most Popular Species
Salmon is listed before Carp; I am almost certain this is the wrong way around, carp fishing is very widespread in China and SouthEast Asia.Mandolin666 (talk) 08:54, 20 May 2010 (UTC)
 * It is not really clear whether carp or salmon is the most farmed species. Most of the reported carp production comes from China, and there are issues with Chinese over reporting. Maybe the article should just refer to reported production. That at least is clear, and can be properly sourced. --Epipelagic (talk) 10:23, 20 May 2010 (UTC)

Specific types of fish farms
I modified this section today to also mention the more common terms "offshore" and "Flow-through" cultivation. I think the latter is the fry farming mentioned here. Perhaps it's best to check and correct the text though. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.182.75.28 (talk) 15:13, 3 December 2011 (UTC)

Major Species table data seem spurious
Spurred by User:Olaff's comment in this diff (Greasy grouper), I checked up on recorded Greasy Grouper production using FAO's |online query system, then went back to the 'Major Species' table in this article and double-checked a few numbers. Current sourcing is to FAO's FishStat databases, which are only accessible when using that software for extraction, so the online databases would seem preferable as sources. However, most 2010 numbers are off in a comparison; for freshwater, mildly so, for brackish and mariculture sometimes wildly. E.g., mariculture greasy grouper production for 2010 is recorded online as a piddling 596 tonnes, not 215,028 as currently in the article. So clearly there is something foul in database correspondence here (assuming the currently displayed values are indeed what the program provides). To check for yourselves, use the above query link and set parameters for "Environment" and "Species" (produces temp response files, so no permalinking is possible).

In the interest of verifiability, I would suggest sourcing the entire table from the online source, and respectively updating all values; however, the online query has no capability for sorting, so no top ten can be determined. It would be useful if the editors who filled the table could comment on this issue.-- Elmidae  12:15, 23 December 2015 (UTC)
 * The erroneous table was now replaced by data from the (newer) explicit FAO production table in FAO Yearbook of Fisheries Statistics (for 2013). This top list however includes almost exclusively freshwater species. --Olaff (talk) 11:11, 31 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Cheers, that looks much better. Seems tonnages are at least in the same ballpark as listed earlier. The report does not contain principal species by culture type then? Ah well :) -- Elmidae  (talk) 12:57, 31 January 2016 (UTC)

New Alchemy
As much as I appreciated and aspired to the New Alchemy Institute, the statement

use a system derived (admittedly much refined) from the New Alchemy Institute in the 1970s

does not match my memory. The Institute, as I recall, claimed to be using Israel experience in the fish farms not the other way around. I don't have any material to support my memory and so did not change the page. The use of Tilapia a middle eastern fish was because it seemed to work. The Institute would have been prone to use local fish.

198.103.184.76 (talk) 19:18, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Fish farming


text:
Zulfikar Ghose

Zulfikar Ghose (March 13, 1935 – June 30, 2022) was a Pakistani-American novelist, poet and essayist. His works are primarily magical realism, blending fantasy and harsh realism.

Biography
Born in Sialkot, Punjab, which was in British India before Independence and Partition, Ghose grew up as a Muslim. His father, Khwaja Mohammed Ghose, was a businessman. In 1942, during the Second World War, the family moved to Bombay (now Mumbai). After the partition of Undivided India into Pakistan and India, Ghose and his family emigrated to England. He graduated from Keele University in 1959, going on to teach at Ealing Mead School in London.  He became a close friend of Anthony Smith, and of British experimental writer B. S. Johnson, with whom he collaborated on several projects. The three writers met when they served as joint editors of an annual anthology of student poets called Universities' Poetry. Ghose also met English poet Ted Hughes and his wife, the American poet and novelist Sylvia Plath, and American author Janet Burroway, with whom he occasionally collaborated. While teaching and writing in London from 1963 to 1969, Ghose also freelanced as a sports journalist, reporting on cricket and hockey for The Observer newspaper. Two collections of his poetry were published, The Loss of India (1964) and Jets From Orange (1967), as were an autobiography called Confessions of a Native-Alien (1965) and his first two novels, The Contradictions (1966) and The Murder of Aziz Khan (1969). The Contradictions explores differences between Western and Eastern attitudes and ways of life. In The Murder of Aziz Khan (1967), his second novel, a small farmer tries to save his traditional land from greedy developers.

In 1964, Ghose married Helena de la Fontaine, an artist from Brazil (a country he later used as the setting for six of his novels). He moved from London to the United States in 1969 to teach at the University of Texas in Austin, where he taught English literature and creative writing until his retirement as professor emeritus in 2007. Ghose became a U.S. citizen in 2004.

In the 1970s, Ghose gained international repute with his trilogy The Incredible Brazilian, which American writer Thomas Berger called "a picaresque prose epic of Brazilian history." American travel writer and novelist Paul Theroux called the work "a considerable feat of imagination." The trilogy — comprising The Native (1972), The Beautiful Empire (1975), and A Different World (1978) — presents the picaresque adventures, often violent or sexually perverse, of a man who goes through several reincarnations. Ghose's other works include Crump's Terms (1975), Hulme's Investigations into the Bogart Script (1981), A New History of Torments (1982), Don Bueno (1983), Figures of Enchantment (1986), The Triple Mirror of the Self (1992), and Shakespeare's Mortal Knowledge: A Reading of the Tragedies (1993).

Ghose wrote many poems as well as fictional and non-fictional works of prose. His books of poetry include The Violent West (1972), A Memory of Asia (1984) and Selected Poems. He wrote short stories, novels and five books of literary criticism. Ghose's poems, including those in The Loss of India (1964), Selected Poems (1991), and 50 Poems (2010), are often about the travels and memories of a self-aware alien. Beckett's Company (2009) is a collection of personal and literary essays. His work has been translated into many languages.

Largely considered a writer's writer who eschewed commercial literature, Ghose saw style and beauty as the objective of writing and art.

Ghose's correspondence with Berger, spanning 40 years, is housed for research at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin. The letters cover topics such as their writing projects, books they were reading and personal concerns.

Berger's dystopic 1973 novel Regiment of Women was dedicated to Ghose.

The Zulfikar Ghose Collection at the Harry Ransom Center includes poetry from The Loss of India, Jets from Orange, and other poems and work from that era. It also contains correspondence with Anthony Smith from 1959 to 1992.

In 1963, Ghose received a special award from the E. C. Gregory Trust that was judged by T. S. Eliot, Henry Moore, Herbert Read and Bonamy Dobrée. A year earlier, the Times Literary Supplement featured Ghose as the most prominent poet from the former British colonies by printing three of his poems spread across half a page. In 1989, The Review of Contemporary Fiction published an edition dedicated to Milan Kundera/Zulfikar Ghose. Its editors noted that "Zulfikar Ghose has both ranked with and outranked several of the best English language writers in England and America," and went on to present him as "a unique figure in contemporary literature," whose "evolution across languages and national boundaries" was comparable to Conrad, Nabokov and Beckett.

In his book Zulfikar Ghose: The Lost Son of the Punjab, literature professor Mansoor Abbasi said Ghose remained marginalized among writers accorded a world-class status because his work resists categorization. For Ghose, to use Proust's words, "Quality of language and the beauty of an image are the heart of great writing." According to Abassi, Ghose's writing is full of meditative reverberations and his genius lies in the construction of a language that is lyrical and full of vivid imagery.

Ghose died in Austin, Texas on June 30, 2022, aged 87.

Fiction

 * Statement Against Corpses (1964), short stories, with B. S. Johnson
 * The Contradictions (1966)
 * The Murder of Aziz Khan (1967)
 * The Incredible Brazilian trilogy:
 * The Native (1972), ISBN 0-333-13093-6
 * The Beautiful Empire (1975), ISBN 0-333-13094-4
 * A Different World (1978), ISBN 0-333-13095-2
 * Crump's Terms (1975), ISBN 0-333-10744-6
 * Hulme's Investigations Into the Bogart Script (1981), ISBN 0-931604-08-7
 * A New History of Torments (1982), ISBN 0-09-147670-4
 * Don Bueno (1983), ISBN 0-09-154230-8
 * Figures of Enchantment (1986), ISBN 0-09-163640-X
 * The Triple Mirror of the Self (1992), ISBN 0-7475-1096-2
 * Veronica and the Góngora Passion: Stories, Fictions, Tales and One Fable (1998), ISBN 0-920661-70-X
 * Kensington Quartet (2020), ISBN 1628972890

Nonfiction

 * Confessions of a Native-Alien (1965), autobiography
 * Hamlet, Prufrock and Language (1978), ISBN 0-333-23997-0
 * The Fiction of Reality (1983), ISBN 0-333-29093-3
 * The Art of Creating Fiction (1991), ISBN 0-333-49019-3
 * Shakespeare's Mortal Knowledge: A Reading of the Tragedies (1993), ISBN 0-333-57909-7
 * Beckett's Company (2008), Oxford University Press for Pakistan

Poetry

 * The Loss of India (1964)
 * Jets from Orange (1967)
 * The Violent West (1972), ISBN 0-333-13241-6
 * A Memory of Asia (1984), ISBN 0-931604-18-4
 * Selected Poems (1991), ISBN 0-19-577388-8
 * Geography Lesson(1969)
 * ''bread'(2015)

Video

 * Zulfikar Ghose - UHV/ABR Reading Series, a talk at the University of Houston's Alcorn Auditorium in April 2009, hosted by the American Book Review.
 * , at the University of Houston in May 2009.

title: Zulfikar Ghose


text:
Ocimum

Ocimum is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa. It is the genus of basil and its best known species are the cooking herb great basil, O. basilicum, and the medicinal herb tulsi (holy basil), O. tenuiflorum.

Ecology
Ocimum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus.

Taxonomy
The genus was first published by Carl Linnaeus in his book Species Plantarum on page 597 in 1753.

The genus name of Ocimum is derived from the Ancient Greek word for basil, ὤκιμον (ṓkimon).

Species
Accepted Ocimum species by Plants of the World Online, and World Flora Online;

 * Ocimum albostellatum
 * Ocimum americanum L. (tropical Africa), Indian subcontinent, China, southeast Asia
 * Ocimum amicorum A.J.Paton - Tanzania
 * Ocimum angustifolium Benth. - southeastern Africa from Kenya to Tranasvaal
 * Ocimum basilicum L. – (Basil, Sweet basil) - China, Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia
 * Ocimum burchellianum Benth. - Cape Province of South Africa
 * Ocimum campechianum Mill. – Amazonian basil - Florida, Mexico, West Indies, central and South America
 * Ocimum canescens A.J.Paton - Tanzania
 * Ocimum carnosum (Spreng.) Link & Otto ex Benth. - Mexico, South America
 * Ocimum centraliafricanum R.E.Fr - Zaïre, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
 * Ocimum circinatum A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Somalia
 * Ocimum coddii (S.D.Williams & K.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
 * Ocimum cufodontii (Lanza) A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya
 * Ocimum dambicola A.J.Paton - Tanzania, Zambia
 * Ocimum decumbens Gürke - from Zaïre to South Africa
 * Ocimum dhofarense (Sebald) A.J.Paton - Oman
 * Ocimum dolomiticola A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
 * Ocimum ellenbeckii Gürke - Ethiopia, Zaïre
 * Ocimum empetroides (P.A.Duvign.) ined. - Zaïre
 * Ocimum ericoides (P.A.Duvign. & Plancke) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
 * Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. - eastern + southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar
 * Ocimum fimbriatum Briq. - central Africa
 * Ocimum fischeri Gürke - Kenya, Tanzania
 * Ocimum formosum Gürke - Ethiopia
 * Ocimum forskolei Benth. - eastern Africa from Egypt to Kenya, Angola, Arabian Peninsula
 * Ocimum fruticosum (Ryding) A.J.Paton - Somalia
 * Ocimum grandiflorum Lam. - Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia
 * Ocimum gratissimum L. – African basil - Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, Bismarck Archipelago
 * Ocimum hirsutissimum (P.A.Duvign.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
 * Ocimum irvinei J.K.Morton - west Africa
 * Ocimum jamesii Sebald - Ethiopia, Somalia
 * Ocimum kenyense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Kenya, Tanzania
 * Ocimum kilimandscharicum Baker ex Gürke – (Camphor basil) - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia
 * Ocimum labiatum (N.E.Br.) A.J.Paton - Mozambique, South Africa,
 * Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. ex Benth - eastern + central Africa
 * Ocimum masaiense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Ngong Hills in Kenya
 * Ocimum mearnsii (Ayob. ex Sebald) A.J.Paton - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
 * Ocimum metallorum (P.A.Duvign.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre

 * Ocimum minutiflorum (Sebald) A.J.Paton - eastern + central Africa
 * Ocimum mitwabense (Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
 * Ocimum monocotyloides (Plancke ex Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
 * Ocimum motjaneanum McCallum & K.Balkwill - Eswatini
 * Ocimum natalense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Mozambique, KwaZulu-Natal
 * Ocimum nudicaule Benth. - Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
 * Ocimum nummularia (S.Moore) A.J.Paton - Somalia
 * Ocimum obovatum E.Mey. ex Benth. - tropical Africa, Madagascar
 * Ocimum ovatum Benth. - Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
 * Ocimum pseudoserratum (M.R.Ashby) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
 * Ocimum pyramidatum (A.J.Paton) A.J.Paton - Tanzania
 * Ocimum reclinatum (S.D.Williams & M.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Mozambique, KwaZulu-Natal
 * Ocimum sebrabergensis
 * Ocimum serpyllifolium Forssk. - Somalia, Yemen, Saudi Arabia
 * Ocimum serratum (Schltr.) A.J.Paton - South Africa, Eswatini
 * Ocimum spectabile (Gürke) A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia
 * Ocimum spicatum Deflers - Ethiopia, Yemen, Kenya, Somalia
 * Ocimum tenuiflorum L. – Holy basil, tulsi - China, Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland
 * Ocimum transamazonicum C.Pereira - Brazil
 * Ocimum tubiforme (R.D.Good) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
 * Ocimum urundense Robyns & Lebrun - Burundi, Tanzania
 * Ocimum vandenbrandei (P.A.Duvign. & Plancke ex Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
 * Ocimum vanderystii (De Wild.) A.W.Hill. - Zaïre, Congo, Angola, Zambia
 * Ocimum verticillifolium
 * Ocimum viphyense A.J.Paton - Malawi, Zambia
 * Ocimum waterbergense (S.D.Williams & K.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa

Hybrids

 * Ocimum × africanum Lour. - Africa, Madagascar, China, Indian subcontinent, Indochina; naturalized in Guatemala, Chiapas, Netherlands Antilles, eastern Brazil
 * Ocimum × citriodorum (O. americanum × O. basilicum) – Lemon basil
 * Ocimum kilimandscharicum × basilicum 'Dark Opal' – African blue basil

Formerly placed here

 * Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench (as O. polystachyon L. )
 * Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudô (as O. inflexum Thunb. )
 * Frankenia salina (Molina) I.M.Johnst. (as O. salinum Molina )
 * Mosla scabra (Thunb.) C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li (as O. punctulatum J.F.Gmel. and O. scabrum Thunb. )
 * Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. (as O. aristatum Blume )
 * Orthosiphon pallidus (as O. somaliense Briq. )
 * Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunb.) W.Deane (as O. crispum Thunb. )
 * Perilla frutescens var. frutescens (as O. frutescens L. )
 * Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. (as O. scutellarioides L. )

Cultivation and uses
Most culinary and ornamental basils are cultivars of Ocimum basilicum and there are many hybrids between species. Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora) is a common ingredient in Thai cuisine, with a strong flavour similar to aniseed, used to flavour Thai curries and stir-fries. Lemon basil (Ocimum × citriodorum) is a hybrid between O. americanum and O. basilicum. It is noted for its lemon flavour and used in cooking.

Holy basil or tulsi (O. tenuiflorum) is a sacred herb revered as dear to Vishnu in some sects of Vaishnavism. Tulsi is used in teas, healing remedies, and cosmetics in India, and it is also used in Thai cooking. Amazonian basil (O. campechianum) is a South American species often utilized in ayahuasca rituals for its smell which is said to help avoid bad visions. O. centraliafricanum is valued as an indicator species for the presence of copper deposits.

title: Ocimum


text:
Stadio Flaminio

The Stadio Flaminio is a stadium in Rome. It lies along the Via Flaminia, three kilometres northwest of the city centre, 300 metres away from the Parco di Villa Glori.

The interior spaces include a covered swimming pool, rooms for fencing, amateur wrestling, weightlifting, boxing and gymnastics.

History
Pier Luigi Nervi designed the Flaminio Stadium with his son, the architect Antonio Nervi, between 1957 and 1958. The structure was built for the XVII Olympic Games in Rome (1960) and inaugurated in 1959. The Stadio Flaminio was built on the site of the previous Stadio Nazionale PNF. It was mostly devoted to football matches and served as the venue for the football final in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

This stadium is a remarkable example of different ways to use concrete: in situ castings, prefabricated elements, undulating slabs of ferrocement. The Flaminio Stadium is a unique work that offers a highly original union between form and structure and between architecture and engineering. It testifies to a special and internationally recognised period for Italian architectural culture, characterised by a highly fertile relationship between different disciplines. The project also frames a unique moment in the work of Pier Luigi Nervi, unanimously recognised as the most ingenious Italian engineer and a pioneer of the study and use of reinforced concrete.

Abandoned for years, the stadium is now in an advanced state of decay. This degeneration can be traced back to three principal causes: improper interventions that failed to respect the characteristics of the original structure, widespread deterioration caused by years of neglect and the physiological aging of materials and plant systems.

In July 2017, with the cooperation of the Municipality of Rome, Sapienza University, Pier Luigi Nervi Project Association and [http://www.docomomoitalia.it/keeping-it-modern-getty-foundation-docomomo-italia-per-lo-stadio-flaminio-di-nervi/ DO.CO.MO.MO. Italy] received a grant from the Getty Foundation and its Keeping it Modern program to prepare a conservation plan for the Stadio Flaminio.

As of August 2021, much of the main stadium is in a state of disrepair.

Events
Pink Floyd performed two concerts on 11 and 12 July 1988 during their A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour. U2 performed there in 1987 in front of 45 000 fans.

Bruce Springsteen played two sellout concerts in June 1988 both concerts was attended by a crowd of 40,000 Fans at a total of 80,000 people for his Tunnel of Love express tour having opened his European tour in Turin in front of 65 000 people with one concert at Stadio Communale.

Michael Jackson performed two sell-out concerts on 23 and 24 May 1988 during his Bad World Tour. Each concert was attended by a crowd of 40,000 fans. Police and security guards rescued hundreds of fans from being crushed in the crowd. Jackson also performed another sell-out concert on 4 July 1992 during the Dangerous World Tour, in front of 40,000 fans. An amateur recording can be found on YouTube for both concerts.

David Bowie played in front of 45, 000 people in 1987.

Rugby
It was the home of Italy rugby union national team for Six Nations tournament home matches from Italy's entry in the competition in 2000 until 2011.

The Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) announced, in January 2010, that the stadium would undergo an expansion, that will increase its capacity to 42,000, before the 2012 Six Nations Championship. A failure to progress these plans has been cited as the reason for moving Italy's home Six Nations games from 2012. With a capacity of 32,000 (8,000 covered), it was the smallest of the Six Nations stadiums. It is no longer considered big enough for the Italian national team and there were frequent reports that the national team would move to Genoa or to the Stadio Olimpico di Roma. This change was confirmed with the Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) becoming upset at broken promises of renovations. It was initially reported that the FIR would move Six Nations matches to Stadio Artemio Franchi in Florence. However, when the city finally began the promised renovations, FIR announced that it would instead keep its Six Nations home fixtures in Rome at Stadio Olimpico, and that it would return to the Flaminio once the project is completed.

The stadium was originally slated to become the home of Praetorians Roma, a newly formed team that would be one of Italy's two representatives in the Celtic League. However, it was later decided that Benetton Treviso would replace Praetorians.

Football
In 1989–90 season both Roma and Lazio played at Stadio Flaminio during the renovations of Stadio Olimpico. Stadio Flaminio was also the home of Atletico Roma F.C., an association football club who played in Lega Pro Prima Divisione, but were dissolved in 2011. In 2021, Italian newspaper Leggo reported that Lazio president Claudio Lotito had made an 'important and serious proposal' to increase the capacity of the stadium to 40,000 and to return the club to the stadium on a permanent basis.

title: Stadio Flaminio


text:
Talk:Ichthyology

Untitled edit
What do you call a female fish filled with roe (or, how do you describe such a condition)? She isn't pregnant, since the eggs have not yet been impregnated ... Could someone answer on my talk page? Thanks, Slrubenstein  |  Talk  23:08, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Gravid ?? Shyamal 03:51, 10 January 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Ichthyology


text:
Falbygden

Falbygden is a geographical area, centered at the town of Falköping in Västergötland, in southwestern Sweden, and covered mostly by farmland. Most of the area belongs to Falköping Municipality and the west part of Tidaholm Municipality. In medieval times the area belonged to the hundreds Frökind, Gudhem, Vartofta, and Vilske. It is known for its geology, flora and megalithic culture.

Medieval Falbygden
The Falbygden area has many medieval churches, since almost every parish in the area had a Romanesque church built in the late 11th, 12th, or early 13th century.

General sources

 * Falbygdens Hembygds- och Fornminnesförening, Falbygden (1927-) periodical.
 * Falbygdens museum, Forntid på Falbygden (1995).
 * Falbygdens museum, se spåren på Falbygden - ....och tusen år till - fortsätter i landskapet (2000).

title: Falbygden


text:
St Mary's Church, West Derby, Liverpool

St Mary's Church is in West Derby, a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of West Derby, the archdeaconry of Liverpool, and the diocese of Liverpool. Its benefice is united with that of St James, West Derby. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

History
St Mary's replaced a chapel of ease to St Mary's, Walton, which stood nearby and had been built in 1793. When it was demolished, evidence was found of Saxon material on the site. The land for the present church, which is located near the entrance to the main drive to Croxteth Hall, was given by the Earl of Sefton, who also donated £500 to the cost of the church. The Earl commissioned George Gilbert Scott to design it. The foundation stone was laid on 13 April 1853, and the church was completed in 1856. The large central tower was paid for by the banker John Pemberton Heywood.

Notable former clergy

 * John Waine - former Bishop of Chelmsford
 * Myles Davies - former Canon Precentor and Vice-dean of Liverpool Cathedral
 * Steven Brookes - Chaplain to Royal Hospital Chelsea and Chaplain to H.M King Charles III
 * Jonathan Boardman - former chaplain of All Saints' Church, Rome and Archdeacon of Italy and Malta
 * Gerwyn Capon - former Dean of Llandaff Cathedral

Exterior
The church is constructed in red sandstone, with pillars of Yorkshire stone in the interior, and with slate roofs. Its architectural style is Geometric. The plan consists of a five-bay nave with a clerestory, north and south aisles, north and south porches, north and south transepts with a central tower at the crossing, a three-bay chancel with an apsidal east end, north and south chapels, and a south vestry. At the west end of the nave is a doorway with a four-light window above it, and each aisle contains a two-light west window. The windows along the sides of the aisles have three lights, and those along the clerestory have two lights. The north transept has a four-light north window, and a stair turret with a pinnacle to the west. In the south wall of the south transept are three two-light windows with a rose window above. The tower is in two stages, with octagonal turrets at the corners surmounted by crocketed pinnacles. On each side of the lower stage of the tower is a five-bay blind arcade, and in the upper stage are pairs of two-light bell openings, with a canopied niche above. In the chancel are two-light windows, and the chapels each has a three-light east window and two-light windows on the sides.

Interior
Inside the church the nave arcades are carried on circular piers. and the capitals are carved with foliage. Between the chancel and the south chapel is a two-bay arcade carried on quatrefoil piers. Most of the fittings were designed by J. Oldrid Scott; these include the stalls, the altar rails, the pulpit and its tester. alterations to the reredos, the font cover, and the panelling in the sanctuary. The sanctuary lamp was designed by George Gilbert Scott, Junior. Much of the stained glass is by Hardman, although that in the west window is by William Wailes, and elsewhere by Percy Bacon. In the floor of the chancel is a brass to Revd John Stewart, the first rector of the new church, who died in 1889. The original pipe organ had three manuals, and was made by Gray and Davison in 1860. This was replaced in 1891 by another three-manual organ by the same manufacturers. This was rebuilt in 1973 by Rushworth and Dreaper, and further additions were made to it in 1988 and in 2000 by David Wells. A further full rebuilding and modernisation of the organ was completed in 2012 by Principal Pipe Organs before returning to the care of David Wells in 2017.

Organists/Directors of Music

 * William Ridley FCO 1853-1878
 * William Thomas Best 1878-1885
 * John Thomas Hughes 1885-1909
 * Edward Watson 1869-1931
 * Clifford Marshall FRCO 1919-1922
 * Thomas Heath 1922-1930
 * Reginald John Brown 1930-1965
 * Alan Martin 1965-1969
 * Peter Miller ARCO 1969-2019
 * Kevin Mulcahy 2019- (assistant organist since 1982)

Service times

 * Said Eucharist 8.00am every Sunday
 * All age service 9.00am every Sunday
 * Choral Eucharist 10.00am every Sunday
 * Choral Evensong 6.00pm first Sunday in the month
 * Said Eucharist 10.00am every Wednesday
 * Other services as announced

title: St Mary's Church, West Derby, Liverpool


text:
Henry Tibbats Stainton

Henry Tibbats Stainton (13 August 1822 – 2 December 1892) was an English entomologist. He served as an editor for two popular entomology periodicals of his period, The Entomologist's Annual and The Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer.

Biography
Stainton was the son of Henry Stainton, belonging to a wealthy family in Lewisham. After being privately tutored, he went to King's College London. He was the author of A Manual of British Butterflies and Moths (1857–59) and with the German entomologist Philipp Christoph Zeller, a Swiss, Heinrich Frey and another Englishman, John William Douglas of The Natural History of the Tineina (1855–73). He undertook editing William Buckler's and John Hellins' work, following their deaths: The Larvae of the British Butterflies and Moths. He was also a prolific editor of entomological periodicals, including the Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer (1856–61) and the Entomologist's Monthly Magazine (1864 until his death – the magazine continues to be published).

Stainton was a very wealthy man and his house in Lewisham, "Mountsfield", was one of London's more substantial residences set in its own park. Other wealthy entomologists often stayed at Mountsfield when visiting London, notably Alexander Henry Haliday and Deiterich Carl August Dohrn. The zoologist Nicholas Aylward Vigors was a close friend. Such people, sought by the growing number of scientific societies, wielded enormous influence on scientific development. Stainton was a regular visitor to both Haliday's house in Lucca and to Dohrn's in Stettin. He was a member of both the Entomological Society of London and the Stettin Entomological Society. Besides this, from 1856, he encouraged interest in entomology among the wider public by holding weekly 'open evenings' at his house. Anyone over the age of 14 could freely visit Mountsfield on such evenings, perhaps to have a specimen identified; to view his collection; use his library; or simply to learn more about entomology from Stainton himself, or other guests who may have been present. The home of his family no longer stands but a Stainton road runs beside Mountsfield Park.

title: Henry Tibbats Stainton


text:
Talk:Kweisi Mfume

kweisi mfume
I would like more information on Mfume's tenure as NCAAP head: his philosophy, accomplishments, controvertial positions, etc.. Hopefully some knowledgable person can add this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by PendulumSwings (talk • contribs) 19:27, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I've added some quotatons on general policy issues, mostly made after the announcement of his race for the Senate. Hopefully these will be of use to you. Note that quotations seem to me the most impartial means of indicating his political stance--if someone else thinks this is a more biased way, rather than a less biased way, of relating his opinions, feel free to tell me. Fearwig 19:46, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Freemasonry
Removed from Category:American Freemasons pending credible verification. 208 hits via Google for "freemason"+"Mfume", but a large proportion were Wikipedia drones or conspiracy sites (Mfume would be a credible target of conspiracy theorists as former NAACP CEO). Given half a million hits for "Mfume" alone, 208 is probably an inconsiderable number (<0.5%). I am under the suspicion that this was added during vandalism. Fearwig 00:10, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I added a citation that I do not believe to be a conspiracy site. It should be noted that I added the cat as part of depopulating the Freemason category as a favor to another Wikipedian who is engaged in depopulating large categories. As I said, the citation seems legit, but I would not contest a reversion, as I have no interest in the masons and know little to nothing about them beyond that one movie with that one guy from that other movie. Check with the person who added the "Freemason" cat in the first place for further verification if neccesary. Cheers.  young  american  (talk) 03:51, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem! As long as there's a credible source. I'll check it out for myself shortly, but I trust your judgment. I wasn't criticizing your recategorization so much as the original "Freemason" categorization--your change just brought my attention to it. EDIT: Ah, well, you got it straight from the horse's mouth then. Sorry for any confusion I might've caused--it's been hard to keep this page (and some related) vandal-free lately. Fearwig 03:56, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

NAACP
why doesn't the article mentioned the sexual harassment at the NAACP? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.252.119.25 (talk) 23:30, 17 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Probably because you haven't written it yet. That's how wiki works. The problem, if I am not misinformed, was not with sexual harrassment allegations but rather allegations that he favored someone in the organization with whom he had previously had a relationship. Correct me if I am wrong (and cite). Fearwig 03:35, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Reference to unsubstantiated claims
I notice that someone has removed the sentence referring to his detractors on the far-right (in this case the NAAWP), though they left an edit comment that the section itself was neo-nazi defamation. To the contrary, it was added in order to note the illegitimacy of these claims. Because Mfume is the target of such a great number of nutty accusations (especially on the internet), I think it's especially important to document the sources of these claims and to make it clear that they are not substantiable--the more information we provide, the less this looks like a white-wash, which it is not, nor should it be. Thoughts? Fearwig 20:40, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

Pronunciation guide?
This article could use one for his name... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.47.123.121 (talk) 20:47, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

Name change
I came here to learn about his name change, but was disappointed. Oh well. If I find the info elsewhere, I may add it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.231.225.219 (talk) 06:22, 30 July 2009 (UTC)

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_n22_v90/ai_18771819/ maybe someone's willing to add this information. i am no expert, and indeed lazy... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.153.186.234 (talk) 21:12, 22 August 2009 (UTC)

That's why I came here, too. The link above doesn't work today. Found this: https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/mfume-kweisi-1948/ Gray legally changed his name to Kweisi Mfume, “conquering son of kings,” in the early 1970s. - 2601:156:1:9D10:A146:D652:3B62:9B96 (talk) 08:12, 7 January 2021 (UTC)

Criminal record
Didn't this guy spend most of his 20's in and out of jail? Wouldn't that be noteworthy in this article? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.7.176.11 (talk) 23:05, 30 July 2009 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page
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Below is a list of links that were found on the main page:

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A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:51, 21 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Official Kwesi Mfume 2019 Photo.jpg

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 23:21, 21 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Official Kweisi Mfume 2019.jpg

Origin/meaning of name
I have edited the "Early life" section to remove the statement that "Kweisi Mfume" is a Ghanaian name meaning "conquering son of kings". There are various assertions on the internet that "Kweisi Mfume" is a Swahili phrase with that meaning, but this does not appear to be correct. As far as I can tell "Kweisi" is a variant of the Akan name Kwasi, meaning "born on a Sunday" (which Kweisi Mfume was). Mfume does not appear to be a word from a West African language, and may well be Swahili, but I don't know the meaning. Perhaps speakers of Akan and/or Swahili could shed some light on this? JayZed (talk) 09:16, 7 October 2019 (UTC)

Name change (Frizzell Gerald Gray -> Kweisi Mfume)
At some point in his life, he dropped his birth name choosing a new one. My questions:

 * When did that happen?
 * For what reason did that happen?

Changing one's name is not an insignificant thing in modern society especially when you are a politician. This name change should be addressed in the article.--2003:CF:3F05:E397:71F9:27C7:8790:3836 (talk) 10:46, 4 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kweisi Mfume


text:
O-grade

The Ordinary Grade (commonly known as the "O-Grade") of the Scottish Certificate of Education is a now-discontinued qualification which was studied for as part of the Scottish secondary education system. It could be considered broadly equivalent to the old English O-Level qualification and is the predecessor to the Standard Grade.

Along with its more advanced sibling, the 'Higher Grade', the O-Grade was the bedrock of the Scottish educational system for many years. Its name refers to one of the two levels at which the Scottish Certificate of Education was awarded, the Higher Grade being the other. The term "O-Grade" can also be used to refer to a pass in a subject at that level, e.g. "He has seven O-Grades".

Courses were studied over two years, taking place during the third and fourth years (age 13-16) of a pupil's time at secondary school. They were available in a wide range of subjects.

A good pass at O-Grade would normally enable a pupil to take the same subject at Higher Grade in his or her fifth (or possibly sixth) year, if so desired. This did not always follow however, particularly as many more pupils left school at the end of their fourth year than is the case nowadays.

Over time, the O-Grade was gradually phased out and replaced by other educational assessments. Its replacement, the Standard Grade, focused more closely on coursework and the application of knowledge. The Standard Grade has eventually been replaced by the National 4/5 qualifications, as part of the introduction of the Curriculum for Excellence.

According to the BBC, Learning Minister Dr. Alasdair Allan and teachers in general claim that the change from the O-Grade system to the latter systems (Standard Grade & National 4/5 qualifications) was a major shake-up in the Scottish education system and involved excessive bureaucracy.

title: O-grade


text:
Fractional-order control

Fractional-order control (FOC) is a field of control theory that uses the fractional-order integrator as part of the control system design toolkit. The use of fractional calculus (FC) can improve and generalize well-established control methods and strategies.

The fundamental advantage of FOC is that the fractional-order integrator weights history using a function that decays with a power-law tail. The effect is that the effects of all time are computed for each iteration of the control algorithm. This creates a 'distribution of time constants,' the upshot of which is there is no particular time constant, or resonance frequency, for the system.

In fact, the fractional integral operator $$\frac{1}{s^{\lambda}}$$ is different from any integer-order rational transfer function $$ {G_{I}} (s)$$, in the sense that it is a non-local operator that possesses an infinite memory and takes into account the whole history of its input signal.

Fractional-order control shows promise in many controlled environments that suffer from the classical problems of overshoot and resonance, as well as time diffuse applications such as thermal dissipation and chemical mixing. Fractional-order control has also been demonstrated to be capable of suppressing chaotic behaviors in mathematical models of, for example, muscular blood vessels.

Initiated from the 80's by the Pr. Oustaloup's group, the CRONE approach is one of the most developed control-system design methodologies that uses fractional-order operator properties.

title: Fractional-order control