text:
Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Xed/Proposed decision

all proposed

Arbitrators should vote for or against each point or abstain.
 * Only items that receive a majority aye vote will be enacted.
 * Items that receive a majority nay vote will be formally rejected.
 * Items that do not receive a majority aye or nay vote will be open to possible amendment by any Arbitrator if he so chooses. After the amendment process is complete, the item will be voted on one last time.

Conditional votes for or against and abstentions should be explained by the Arbitrator before or after his/her time-stamped signature. For example, an Arbitrator can state that she/he would only favor a particular remedy based on whether or not another remedy/remedies were enacted.

On this case, 2 arbitrators are recused and 1 is away/inactive, so 5 votes are a majority.

Proposed wording to be modified by Arbitrators and then voted on.
 * For all items:

Motions and requests by the parties
Place those on the discussion page.

Proposed temporary injunctions
Four net aye votes needed to pass (each nay vote subtracts an aye) 24 hours from the first vote is normally the fastest an injunction will be imposed.

Template
1) {text of proposed orders}

 * Aye:

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

=Proposed final decision=

No personal attacks
1) No personal attacks.

 * Aye:
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 16:30, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 20:58, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Truth not a defense
1.5) It is not a defense to a charge of personal attacks that they are true or in good faith believed to be true.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 11:52, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Bloody Crom on a rubber raft, NO!!! ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * So if someone is a bit slow to catch on, it's ok to call them a "moron", and if someone is emotionally upset it is ok to call them "crazy"? And we are going to adminster IQ tests and send the user off for psychiatric evaluation and if it turns out that the slur is "true", well then, SHINE ON! Fred Bauder 18:03, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * So if I write that a user is a vandal after he vandalizes the main page, that vandal can charge me with making personal attacks? If I write that a particular account is a sockpuppet of a particular user, that sockpuppeteer can charge me with making personal attacks?  If that's the kind of litigatory environment you want, well, I sincerely hope you don't "SHINE ON," because I would find it impossible to remain a member of this committee under those conditions. ➥the Epopt 18:29, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * There's a difference between calling someone a moron and (for example) calling him a troll. Both are pesonal attacks, but the former (for all practical purposes) cannot be proven true on wikipedia. On the other hand, calling someone a troll, a label based on their behavior, is quite provable (or disprovable). Furthermore, euphamisms (like 'trouble user') serve only to whitewash discussion. →Raul654 18:32, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree with epopt. →Raul654 18:32, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain:
 * In all honesty, I'm not sure what to think here... -- Grunt 🇪🇺 04:19, 2005 Mar 1 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) I get the idea, but I'm not sure at all this is the wording for it ...
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) This is complex. Obviously "moron" cannot be justified by a defence of "truth", and accusations of mental illness are much more often an attempt to belittle and dismiss than to understand or sympathise, but a this is too varied a problem for a general principle - I think it has to be looked at on a case by case basis.  Certainly "truth" is not always at defence. (note.  see below for more comments on this particular case)

Civility
2) Wikipedia users are expected to behave civilly and calmly in their dealings with other users. If disputes arise, users are expected to utilise dispute resolution procedures instead of merely attacking each other.

 * Aye:
 * (Have we passed a principle similar to this recently?) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 16:43, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 20:58, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

No good deed goes unpunished
3) It is fundamentally unfair to attack User:Jimbo Wales on the basis of global generalizations such as his interest in the Objectivist philosophy or his status as founder and financial supporter of Wikipedia. As a collaborative project whatever failings Wikipedia has are not properly attributed to him personally. He is subject to reasonable criticism regarding decisions he may make from time to time which may be expressed on User talk:Jimbo Wales or other Wikipedia forums and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Arbitration Committee with respect to ordinary editing.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 20:58, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) Don't think philosophical decisions like this are really the arbitration committee's business. If someone feels that Wikipedia's failings are due to the Objectivist views of its founder, that's their prerogative.  (Personal attacks are a separate matter, and already covered under 1 and 2 above.)
 * This is utterly wrong. ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Abstain:
 * I would be more inclined to say this is true of _all_ contributors, regardless of who they are. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 21:04, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * Agree with Grunt. Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) Jimbo is a big boy and can take care of himself. I'd say it applies to all contributors at least as much as it does to him.
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Provocation
4) When another user is having trouble due to editing conflicts or a dispute with another user it is inappropriate to provoke them as it is predictable that the situation will escalate. Provocation of a new or inexperienced user by an experienced and sophisticated user is especially inappropriate.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 13:49, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 01:21, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:24, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) "Yes" as applied by Xed's treatment of Modemx.
 * →Raul654 17:17, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * It may well be a good idea in theory, but Xed was neither new nor inexperienced, making it irrelevant to this particular case. Ambi 15:40, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) as Ambi

 * Abstain:
 * David Gerard 00:24, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) I say 'yes' to this one, but I certainly hope this isn't implying Xed is a new or inexperienced user. "Yes" as applied by Xed's treatment of Modemx.

Good behaviour does not excuse bad behaviour
5) Good work on Wikipedia does not constitute an excuse for bad or abusive behaviour on Wikipedia. (Although many editors feel it has mitigatory value.)

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) (the bracketed bit sounds weaselly, but I think it's needed to accurately represent community sentiment.)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:22, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with both - it does not *excuse* it, but it is a mitigating factor. →Raul654 17:33, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 21:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure, since the parenthetical comment is entirely moot ➥the Epopt 20:27, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Do not retaliate to personal attacks
6) Wikipedia editors must avoid responding in kind when personally attacked.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:24, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * I know (from personal experience) that it's very hard to avoid responding in kind, but in principle, yes, this is a very good idea. →Raul654 17:30, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:04, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Assume good faith
7) Assume good faith. This keeps the project workable in the face of many widely variant points of view and avoids inadvertent personal attacks and disruption through creation of an unfriendly editing environment.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:24, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 17:34, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC) - yes, this is surpremely important.
 * sannse (talk) 22:13, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) As Raul says
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Template
1) {text of proposed finding of fact}

 * Aye:

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Xed's attack on Jimbo Wales
1) It is the assertion of User:Xed that User:Jimbo Wales, founder and chief financial supporter of Wikipedia, due to his allegiance to the principles of objectivism as exemplified by by writings of Ayn Rand is opposed to solicitations of voluntary contributions of funds to be applied to relief of the victims of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. In support of his assertion he cites [www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1311135/posts "U.S. Should Not Help Tsunami Victims"] an article posted on [www.freerepublic.com/home.htm the conservative website FreeRepublic.com] (which was originally posted by the Ayn Rand Institute) and the change of a box soliciting donations from its position as a banner at the top of the Main page (Template:Helpout) to the In the news section of the Main page, see Xed's post to Jimbo's talk page and Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 15:06, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Status of donations article
2) After debate Template:Helpout was restored.  Jimmy Wales' response, made later, User_talk:Jimbo_Wales  favored discussion of the matter. Although no longer linked from the In the news section of the Main page the article Donations_for_victims_of_the_2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake which is linked to from a number of Wikipedia pages has been developed by Wikipedia editors.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 15:06, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Nature of link cited by Xed
3) The article [www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1311135/posts "U.S. Should Not Help Tsunami Victims"] which Xed describes as "a deranged tract which calls charity 'extortion' and rants about 'billions given away by Bush to help the blood-thirsty Palestinians'" addresses the use of government funds, not voluntary contributions and is thus irrelevant to solicitation through links from Wikipedia, see Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 15:06, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Though I'm not sure why this warrants a FoF. Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) Don't see the need for the arbitration committee to judge the content of FreeRepublic articles.
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) As Delirum

Xed's characterization of Wikipedia
4) User:Xed characterizes Wikipedia as largest online lunatic asylum in the world and questions the value of donations to Wikipedia as compared to donations to tsunami victims asserting that less prominant placement of a link to donations was "a decision which probably led to a great deal of suffering" see Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 15:06, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * I make note of the fact that at the time of this edit there is no indication that the characterisation is anything but completely serious. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Exchange with and regarding Jimmy Wales
5) Earlier there had been an exchange of posts concerning User:Secretlondon between User:Jimmy Wales and User:Xed on User talk:Xed:, , , then User:Pakaran weighed in . At this point the question of the donation box on the Main page comes up  . More continues  (noting a clarification by the Ayn Rand Institute)

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 16:38, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Personal attack by Slrubenstein
6) Following the edit User:Slrubenstein posted the following personal attack, "You have such a small, petty mind." See this edit:  for the state of the article at that point.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 16:38, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Dispute on Wikipedia:Votes for deletion/Jewish ethnocentrism
7) In the meantime a dispute developed on Votes for deletion/Jewish ethnocentrism involving User:Xed with Xed defending the sockpuppet User:Pinlighter, apparently over from Stormfront, and attacking User:Jayjg, see Requests for arbitration/Xed/Evidence/VfD. This resulted in a serious of hostile posts on User talk:Xed with an exchange of personal attacks and insults by User:Mel Etitis and User:Slrubenstein. See Requests for arbitration/Xed/Evidence/Exchange.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 19:00, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Personal attack by Xed
8) Xed followed with a personal attack on User:Slrubenstein on User_talk:Slrubenstein "So wanting a link to allow to the tsunami aid is evidence of a small and petty mind? Fuck off you little shit"

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 19:00, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Reference to tsunami relief
9) Xed's reference to tsunami relief (which Xed had been discussing on other pages)  surprised Slrubenstein  who explained his meaning, "You have a small and petty mind because of the combination of ignorance, arrogance, and meanness with which you insult Jimbo." Slrubenstein elaborated further "You moron, etc"  comment: "maybe he really is a moron?"

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 20:14, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Insulting email
10) Xed sent an insulting email to Slrubenstein but as there is sufficient evidence on Wikipedia itself of personal attacks that it is not necessary to decide the question of whether it should also be considered. See Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 20:14, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 21:07, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC) - I'm not sure email evidence is within our jurisdiction.
 * We don't need to worry about that with this wording: "...it is not necessary to decide the question of whether it should also be considered." -- Grunt 🇪🇺 16:50, 2005 Feb 25 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) If we're not going to consider it, then...
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) We don't need to explicitly not look into given evidence from outside Wikipedia
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) as David

Xed's contributions
11) Xed was responsible for starting and maintaining WikiProject Countering systemic bias, a project which has significantly improved the quality of innumerable articles within Wikipedia (see e.g. Economy of Africa).

 * Aye:
 * It is important to note that Xed is not meritless as some of his opponents seem to be making him out to be. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 20:34, 2005 Feb 23 (UTC)
 * Although good edits don't make up for bad ones - David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 16:19, Feb 25, 2005 (UTC) - I agree. It is sometmies too easy to overlook someone's good contributions and focus only on the problems surrounding them.
 * Fred Bauder 01:40, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC). Although his contribs have hardly been all that all-fired brilliant - see Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence and Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence (the latter being from just before this arbitration).
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Personal attacks by Slrubenstein during arbitration
12) During arbitration User:Slrubenstein has on Wikipedia talk:Requests for arbitration/Xed/Proposed decision continued to engage in personal attacks "I really did think he was a moron, by which I mean that he suffers from a congenital cognitive deficit", "personality disorder"

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 11:48, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:35, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) Smarminess is unbecoming.
 * Particularly strongly support - this is unacceptable. Ambi 15:37, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) I acknowledge Slrubenstein's apologies on these, but agree it needs to be made clear that such comments are unacceptable and the excuses given were, frankly, pathetic.
 * →Raul654 17:36, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Xed's wide-ranging personal attacks
13) Xed has engaged in wide-ranging personal attacks on other Wikipedians: for example Jayjg  , Slrubenstein     Hyacinth , Modemx , Neutrality , Jfdwolff , Ed Poor  , and Viriditas     .

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:30, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 17:37, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:29, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Xed's disruptive assumption of widespread bad faith
14) Xed has a pattern of disruptive behaviour on Wikipedia, mainly through assumption of widespread bad faith, , , , |15:26,, |14:40,, . |16:58,, , , including spurious claims of personal attack ( in response to ).

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:30, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 17:41, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:31, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 20:35, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Xed: personal attack parole
1) Xed is placed on standard personal attack parole for one year. If he makes any edits which are judged by an administrator to be personal attacks, then he shall be temp-banned for a short time of up to one week.

 * Aye:
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:10, 2005 Feb 25 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 01:43, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 00:51, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC) - I'd like to reiterate that I think Xed does good work
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Slrubenstein: personal attack parole
2) Slrubenstein is placed on standard personal attack parole for one year. If he makes any edits which are judged by an administrator to be personal attacks, then he shall be temp-banned for a short time of up to one week.

 * Aye:
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:10, 2005 Feb 25 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 11:57, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Ambi 15:38, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Fred Bauder 01:43, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) A bit too much, we banned Adam Carr for one day for similar behavior.
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) I don't see a huge rash of personal attacks from him.
 * David Gerard 00:21, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) I don't think it's a problem of this magnitude. I think my forthcoming caution should get the point across that this sort of behaviour is unbecoming in an academic expert.
 * sannse (talk) 22:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) the caution seems right
 * →Raul654 23:00, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC) - give him a warning

 * Abstain:
 * I'll need to think about this one. Both points have merit. Ambi 04:49, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC) Discussions in the meantime have convinced me to strongly support this remedy. Ambi 15:38, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) I've decided "no", I like my forthcoming one better.
 * I'm not sure of this one. →Raul654 00:52, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)

Brief ban and warning of Slrubenstein
3) Slrubenstein, an experienced and sophisticated Wikipedia user, is banned for one week due to making a series of personal attacks on Xed, an inexperienced Wikipedia user who was engaged in disputes with other users. He is warned to avoid aggravating similar situations which involve conflict in the future.

 * Aye:
 * Fred Bauder 13:56, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * I really don't think a full out ban is necessary. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 16:15, 2005 Feb 26 (UTC)
 * Delirium 23:47, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC) Don't really see what good this would do.
 * Fred Bauder 11:59, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC) This is an ongoing problem that would not be adequately addressed by a brief one time ban.
 * ➥the Epopt 23:45, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * David Gerard 00:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) I don't think a ban is needed here. I'd hope that slr would get the clue and not do it again. Furthermore, Xed was far from inexperienced.
 * →Raul654 00:44, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC) - I agree with the above
 * sannse (talk) 18:11, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Abstain:

Xed is banned for a pattern of personal attacks and assumption of bad faith
4) For a continuing pattern of personal attacks and disruptive assumption of bad faith, which is unlikely to be resolved sooner, Xed is banned for three months.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) Only if neither 4.1 nor 4.2 pass.
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:34, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) This seems right having seen the extent of the disruption
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:
 * →Raul654 17:46, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC) - I'm on the fence about this. I'm not sure we need to to go much further than the personal attack parole, and perhaps a short ban.

4.1) For a continuing pattern of personal attacks and disruptive assumption of bad faith, which is unlikely to be resolved sooner, Xed is banned for six months.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) Preferred.
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Fred Bauder 16:34, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 17:46, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) let's try three

 * Abstain:

4.2) For a continuing pattern of personal attacks and disruptive assumption of bad faith, which is unlikely to be resolved sooner, Xed is banned for one year.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) Only if 4.1 doesn't pass.
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Fred Bauder 16:34, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 17:46, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Abstain:

Slrubenstein caution to avoid personal attacks
5) Slrubenstein is strongly cautioned to avoid even the appearance of a personal attack, even when provoked. Personal attacks even in response are considered unbecoming behaviour for a Wikipedia editor, particularly an academic expert.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * But is this necessary if we pass a personal attack parole? -- Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * I think it's worth stating. We do expect better of our more respected editors - David Gerard 16:08, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * This is implicit in a personal attack parole. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 16:15, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * I mean as a general statement of how the AC and (IMO) the Wikipedia community feel about respected academics - David Gerard 16:19, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) (unless 2 passes, in which case this is contained in that - but I prefer this option) Agree with Fred that "academic expert" is not needed here... an "academic expert" has no special status here, they are subject to the same rules of civility as everyone else and the difference shouldn't need stating. (struck after discussion with DG and Grunt)
 * →Raul654 22:58, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 19:18, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 20:30, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:
 * Fred Bauder 16:34, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC) Please remove reference to academics. Or replace it with the language, "Personal attacks even in response are considered unbecoming behaviour for a Wikipedia editor."

 * Abstain:

Template
1) {text of proposed enforcement}

 * Aye:

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

Xed's personal attack parole
1) For the period of the personal attack parole, Xed may be blocked for up to one week by any administrator who feels a given edit or edit summary includes or constitutes a personal attack.

 * Aye:
 * David Gerard 13:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 15:50, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 16:37, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * →Raul654 18:14, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * sannse (talk) 22:43, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delirium 05:07, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Nay:

 * Abstain:

=Discussion by Arbitrators=

Motion to close
Four net Aye votes needed to close case (each Nay vote subtracts an Aye) 24 hours from the first motion is normally the fastest a case will close.

 * David Gerard 00:05, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC) (effective 24 hours hence)
 * Grunt 🇪🇺 00:11, 2005 Mar 8 (UTC)
 * Fred Bauder 01:24, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * ➥the Epopt 03:20, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:199.248.201.204

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:199.248.201.204


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/One Truth

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 10:46, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

One Truth
Band vanity. Radiant! 14:04, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete --Spinboy 21:21, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, band vanity. Megan1967 23:36, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Delete for apparently not meeting Notability and Music Guidelines. Tuf-Kat 00:47, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Oni Sakti

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 06:06, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Oni Sakti
"Established Boston based artist, musician and writer" but not established as notable by anything in the article. Verification or deletion? Radiant! 14:06, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, article does not establish notability, possible vanity. Megan1967 23:37, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. jni 10:46, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, spurious notability. JamesBurns 11:00, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

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text: Talk:Caguas, Puerto Rico

title: Talk:Caguas, Puerto Rico


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/OnlineMathLeague.com

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 09:43, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

OnlineMathLeague.com
Online quiz. Like that's notable. Radiant! 14:06, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete. Only four months old ... it's just a baby! Also, no one links there, not enough traffic to catch Alexa's eye, and generally non-notable and unencyclopedic, in my opinion. Maybe when it replaces the SATs. Or at least the ACTs. HyperZonktalk 18:02, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete CDC   (talk)  18:09, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --Spinboy 21:23, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete heck no. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 21:57, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Keenen Ivory Wayans

Question
Why isnt there a lot of info on Keenen Ivory Wayans?

That is what I thought as well. He seems to be a very interesting guy but I do not know enough about him to write about him. Someone who knows something about him should expand this JerDW
 * I know that he hosted his own late-late night talk show on UPN. I remember it being interesting due to the fact that his house band was comprised of all females and had no official name and I also recall such guests as Magic Johnson, Howard Stern and Angelica Bridges. --71.156.85.133 11:49, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

-- Who ever can edit the article should check out Internet Movie Database for some more information. I'm not sure how well it is source but there is a link to the author.

Actually they did have a name, the dancers Jennifer Lopez found her fame from that show, and the show was In Living Color. Look it up. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.81.106.60 (talk) 18:45, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

Biography assessment rating comment
The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article.-- Jreferee 18:34, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Date of birth
IMDB has 1958. Do we have a source for 1957 ? -- Beardo (talk) 22:29, 26 June 2008 (UTC)

Daphne
Five children between 2001 and 2004 - that's going some !! -- Beardo (talk) 22:29, 26 June 2008 (UTC)

why hasn't there been a roasting and/or an oscar given to keenen for the path that he has set for all of the actors and actress that he has given career opportunities to? for starters, in living color. and those celebs know who i'm talking about12.72.194.24 (talk) 07:56, 11 August 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Keenen Ivory Wayans


text:
Talk:Karl Richard Lepsius

Note on Karl vs. Carl
Lepsius published in both French and German. In French publications he is generally known as Carl, and Karl in German ones. However, today he is by far referred to as Karl Richard Lepsius (or just Richard Lepsius); see Google. The use of "Karl" here also reflects the usage of the German Wiki —Nefertum17 14:17, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It's so cool to have this article! Over at Nubian languages I was just adding a paragraph about the history of research into Nubian and somehow I didn't expect the link to Lepsius to be blue... kudos for the nice work! — mark ✎ 18:11, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Kush Kingdom Controversy
No mention of his Kingdom of Kush/Ethiopians racism? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1010:B054:1B59:2981:A615:ED97:479C (talk) 23:15, 4 September 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Karl Richard Lepsius


text:
Olav Duun

Olav Duun (21 November 1876 – 13 September 1939) was a writer of Norwegian fiction. He is generally recognized to be one of the more outstanding writers in Norwegian literature. He once lacked only one vote to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was nominated twenty-four times, in fourteen years.

Early life
Duun was born in the traditional district Ytre Namdal, on Jøa an island in the Namsen Fjord in Fosnes municipality, Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway. His parents were Johannes Antonius Duun and Ellen (Fossum) Duun. Olav Duun was born Ole Johannesen Raaby. Duun was the oldest in a family of eight siblings. During his years as a boy his family lived at several farms on the island, the last one being Duun. He adopted the last name Duun when he left the island to start his training as a teacher.

He attended the state school at Trøndelag. In 1901, Duun took a position as a school teacher at Levanger in Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway.

After accepting a post as a teacher
He completed the graduate teacher examination in 1904. In 1908, he was hired by the Ramberg school at Botne in Vestfold, where he combined teaching profession with writing poetry. He worked as a teacher in Holmestrand until 1927. At the age of fifty,  he retired in order to devote his time to writing.

Writing career
Duun was known as one of the outstanding writers of 20th-century Norwegian fiction. He stands as a remarkable synthesis of the Norwegian folk spirit and the European cultural form. Duun wrote in Landsmål, an amalgam of peasant dialects that developed into Nynorsk, one of the official languages of Norway. In the period 1907-38 he published 25 novels, four short story collections ("sagas" was his own genre term) and two children's books. Many of his books incorporate the dialects of his subjects: peasants, fishermen and farmers. His novels analyze the psychological and spiritual characteristics of rural, peasant life. Contact with family traditions is a strength for the heroes in his historical novels, and awareness of those who have lived before, and the strength of their actions can help modern people through crises.

The most notable works are his six volume, The People of Juvik, which deals with four generations of a family of peasant landowners. This work was translated into English and published as: The Trough of the Waves (1930), The Blind Man (1931), The Big Wedding (1932), Odin in Fairyland (1932), Odin Grows Up (1934) and Storm (1935).

Former residence, now a library related to his works
Olav and Emma Duun's House (Olav og Emma Duuns Hus) is the former residence of Olav Duun and his wife Emma, at Ramberg in Holmestrand. There is a library containing manuscripts, letters, and other things related to the writing career of Olav Duun. The first floor is at the disposal of recipients of the Duun Scholarship. In the garden, a memorial park has been constructed containing commemorative rocks with lyrical quotes from Olav Duun’s poems. The address is 20 Olav Duun Street.

Awards

 * 1934 - Gyldendal's Endowment (initial award of this prize)
 * 1935 - Henrik Steffens Prize (initial award of this prize)

title: Olav Duun


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Open automation project

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. dbenbenn | talk 14:04, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Open automation project
Public attempt to create a robot. Come back when you're successful. Radiant! 14:09, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I am of the opinion that in general open source projects are not encyclopedic unless they become culturally important (household name factor) or widely adopted (which usually means also culturally important). Hey, at least you have to have applications in use past alpha, which from my experience means something other than a 0 before the decimal in your version number. HyperZonktalk 18:07, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, and expand. Megan1967 23:37, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Another random SourceForge project. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:28, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * No evidence of notability. Delete. - Mike Rosoft 16:47, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, seems notable on Google. JamesBurns 11:02, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. 151 google hits (58 displayed) is approximately equal to zero for an open source project. —Korath (Talk) 13:21, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/United States Women's Sports Museum

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. -- AllyUnion (talk) 06:05, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

United States Women's Sports Museum
Is this real? The only google hit is a wikipedia mirror. The link leads to a newly registered site with no content. Thue | talk 14:10, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete does not exist yet. The alleged founder is real, runs a polo league.  Possibly notable when it's up and running, but not yet. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  22:25, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, and expand. Megan1967 23:32, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unverifiable as yet. If and when it becomes so, that which is currently here will be easy enough to recreate.  (The article, by the way, didn't have a  tag.) —Korath (Talk) 00:16, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: doesn't exist yet; even the web site doesn't exist yet. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:36, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete add to Wikipedia when it becomes more than a press release. — Linnwood 07:11, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as a no-content weblink placeholder for a press release. When it's real, verifiable and open for biz, someone will write about it. - Lucky 6.9 01:19, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Sophie Dawes, Baronne de Feuchères

Sophie Dawes (29 September 1790 – 15 December 1840), Baroness de Feuchères by marriage, was the English mistress of Louis Henry II, Prince of Condé.

Early life
Dawes was born in 1790 at St Helens, Isle of Wight, the daughter of a fisherman named Richard Daw (or Dawes) by Jane Callaway, whom he probably did not marry. A blue plaque at her birthplace reads:

Daughter of Richard Dawes

Fisherman & Smuggler

known as

was born here in 1792

Dawes was one of ten children, of whom only four grew up. In 1796 the whole family moved into the workhouse at Newport, where Dawes remained for nine years. After a short period of employment with a local farmer, she worked as a chambermaid in Portsmouth, then went to London, where she was seduced and fell into great poverty. An army officer took her as his mistress, and when they split up he settled an annuity of £50 a year on her. She sold this and in 1809 placed herself at a school in Chelsea.

Dawes later worked as a servant in a high-class brothel in Piccadilly, where the valet of the exiled Duke of Bourbon, afterwards Louis Henri, Prince of Condé, pointed her out to his master. In 1811, the duke took a house for her and her mother in Gloucester Street, off Queen Square, Bloomsbury, and she became his mistress. There she pursued her studies, learning modern languages and reading Xenophon and Plutarch in Greek, as later shown by her surviving exercise books.

Career
Condé took Dawes to Paris after the fall of Napoleon. To prevent scandal and to qualify her to be received at court, in 1818 he had her married to Adrien Victor de Feuchères, a lieutenant-colonel commanding the 6th Infantry Regiment of the Royal Guards. By a license dated 25 July 1818, they were married on 6 August 1818 at St Martin-in-the-Fields, Westminster (Church of England), and also in a Roman Catholic ceremony in Paris on 26 August 1818, and the duke settled 72,000 francs on them. As the parish register at St Helen's had no record of her baptism, Sophia had received adult baptism in 1817, when she reduced her age by three years. For her marriage licence she described herself as a widow, and in her marriage contract she said she was the daughter of a Richard Clark and the widow of a William Dawes. All these inventions later gave her heirs much trouble.

As well as providing Sophia with a dowry, the Duke made her husband his aide-de-camp and a baron. The new baroness, pretty and clever, became a person of consequence at the court of Louis XVIII. However, Feuchères finally discovered the true relationship between his wife and Condé, whom he had been assured was her father, and left her, obtaining legal recognition of their separation in 1827. On hearing of the scandal, the king banished Dawes from his court, declaring her "naught more than a commoner street-wench yet tragically bereft of any skills of the trade." Thanks to her influence, however, Condé was induced in 1829 to sign a will bequeathing the bulk of his estate—worth more than sixty-six millions—to the Duke of Aumale, fourth son of Louis Philippe d'Orléans, and 2,000,000 francs, free of death-duty, were to go to the Prince's “faithful companion, Mme la baronne de Feucheres”, as well as the chateaux and estates of Boissy, Enghien, Montmorency, Mortefontaine, and Saint-Leu-Taverny, the pavilion in the Palais-Bourbon, and the Prince's furniture, carriages, and horses. She was also to get the Château d'Écouen, so long as she allowed it to be used as an orphanage for the descendants of soldiers who had served with the armies of Condé and in the War in the Vendée.

Again Dawes was in high favour. Charles X received her at court, Talleyrand visited her, her niece married a marquis Hugues de Chabannes La Palice, and her nephew was made a baron. Condé, wearied by his mistress's importunities, and depressed after the July Revolution and the subsequent exile of the King, made up his mind to leave France secretly. When on 27 August 1830 he was found hanging dead from his window, the baroness was suspected and an inquiry was held. But the evidence of death being the result of any crime appearing insufficient, she was not prosecuted. There were rumours that the new King of the French, Louis-Philippe I, had collaborated with Sophie in the crime. Later, rumours circulated amongst the French nobility that Condé had died in the course of what would later be known as erotic asphyxiation.

Hated as she was by the French, the baroness returned to England, where she died in December 1840. At the time of her death she was living at 189, Cumberland Street, Westminster, and on 22 December she was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery under the name Sophia Dawes Baroness de Feuchères de Charlepont. Her age at death was stated as fifty.

In 1934, the story of her life was told in the book The Scandal of Sophie Dawes by Marjorie Bowen.

title: Sophie Dawes, Baronne de Feuchères


text:
Talk:Bildungsroman

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 24 August 2018 and 18 December 2018. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Sleepvertical.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 15:42, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Capitalization
Why is the word inconsistently capitalized? Should it be capitalized or not? I don't think it should be, but I'm not sure. Spectralancer (talk) 04:38, 24 January 2010 (UTC)
 * It should not be, per MOS:CAPS. ENeville (talk) 18:50, 3 February 2014 (UTC)
 * It is capitalized by the Oxford English Dictionary. See: . 32.218.33.5 (talk) 04:45, 4 June 2014 (UTC)

 * The link leads to: "the book is a bildungsroman of sorts". This seems to be US usage (see link address above) and "The word Bildungsroman is typically capitalized because of its German origin (in German, all nouns are capitalized)". The full OED online, that I accessed from a Canadian university library, capitalizes the word. Rwood128 (talk) 00:32, 1 February 2020 (UTC)

 * How the word is capitalized in German (and the spelling of its plural) is not relevant to this page on English Wikipedia. It is common for English words that were taken from other languages to not follow all the grammatical and other rules of their parent language.  The Encyclopaedia Britannica does not capitalize it, nor does the American dictionary Merriam-Webster.  Also crucially, the relevant Wikipedia guideline specifies that literary genres are not capitalized. --Noren (talk) 23:54, 14 March 2023 (UTC)

Translation to German possibly incorrect?
After looking at the german version (I'm a native german speaker), I think that the english article uses the wrong translation for "bildung". Instead of "education", the meaning in this case is most likely "formation"/"forming". http://dict.leo.org/ende?lp=ende&p=GI6fAA&search=Bildung It's a hard one to translate, but I think the ideas and connotations of the word "Bildungsroman" are better expressed by "novel of formation". A "Novel of education" would be the "Erziehungsroman", which deals with the ideal way to educate a person. The "Bildungsroman", however, doesn't deal with the education of the charachter, but instead with his "forming" and development. TheTrueRandomness (talk) 00:13, 19 December 2009 (UTC) This is correct; the English term "education" is far broader than what is meant by the German "Bildung" and "formation" is more accurate. The reflexive verb form "sich bilden," "to form oneself," is also useful here. I'm not a native German speaker, so TrueRandomness may have better suggestions here.--Kbrewer36 (talk) 02:51, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

It is superfluous and disingenuous to suggest "citations needed" for examples of the Bildungsroman from 19th Century English writers onward. I suggest that bit of superfluousness be deleted, from what is otherwise a useful introduction to the genre. English is my first language. (...encompassing a PhD emphasizing modern literary tools for analysis: N.B., "A Concordance To The Poems Of Ben Jonson.")
 * German, with others, is perhaps my second; and I can assure Kbrewer, that a valid and common standard meaning of "Education" in English is often a subset of the larger phenomena he refers to. A subset of "Education" is indeed "formation", and many generations of literary critics have not been off-base by using Bildungsroman to represent in the individual depicted, a portion of education, and/or formation of personality and perspective.Sidney Orr (talk) 17:11, 24 July 2014 (UTC)

 * Could "Construction Story" be an alternative translation? I also wonder if "novel" is adequately qualified here. A novel is a book containing a (single, book length (...)) story. I wonder if that is captured in "story" if what is meant is both the physical book and the story it contains?173.189.76.88 (talk) 16:06, 18 August 2015 (UTC)

Harry Potter
Really? REALLY??? I think every example in that list that isn't cited should be removed.69.250.117.1 (talk) 19:35, 31 October 2009 (UTC)

I don't see what the problem is, Harry Potter fits perfectly in with most all the listed characteristics listed. Sherick (talk) 05:04, 5 December 2009 (UTC)

I agree with those questioning the inclusion of Harry Potter. The character goes through several years at a school, true--but what 'growth' does he go through other than the physical? He knows more magic spells at the end than in the beginning, but what's different about his values or character? Another point (not Potter-related, but I didn't want to begin a new section): I'm surprised that the page uses "Tom Sawyer" instead of "Huckleberry Finn," particularly given that the specific features mentioned in that section appear to describe the latter novel more closely.Gheelnory (talk) 01:26, 13 April 2011 (UTC)

In Harry Potter, Harry changes significantly from the Philosopher's Stone to the Deathly Hallows. It seems impossible to think that anyone would ever consider the idea that Harry Potter is not an example of the Bildungsroman. One very clear example of this is his journey with death. At the end of the Deathly Hallows he realises that everything he has done in destroying the horcruxes has been in vain. He has gotten Voldemort closer to death, however he realises that he must die in order for Voldemort to die. There is a very significant growth in character if you look at the moments when he realises he has to die, where he realises that he is not supposed to fight death any longer, he's supposed to embrace it. Then if you look at after he has spoken with Dumbledore and has come back alive again, his whole way of thinking has changed. Instead of fearing death, he realises there is far worse in this world than dying. This is just one example of many throughout the books. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 130.226.139.28 (talk) 07:52, 13 September 2016 (UTC)

Salinger
Is Catcher in the Rye a bildungsroman?

Most definitely so.

Not really. I had to smile at the notion that Harry Potter is a bildungsroman. Very funny. When one talks about an education novel, one does tend to mean a character's sentimental education, not his literal one. Ah well. James James 09:42, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

I came to this page to dispute the very same thing, Catcher is not a bildungsroman on many grounds but one can pithily sum it up in the fact that it all takes place at one point in his life, indeed over the course of a few days, whereas a bildungsroman should cover a lengthy span of life to see the character realised as a fully grown adult. Tony2Times 13:01, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

 * just reverted my removal of Catcher in the Rye, and I don't want to get into an edit war over this, so I'm bringing it here for broader attention... is this an accurate example of a bildungsroman? -- nae'blis (talk) 04:39, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

No. It is not. The events of two days, however eventful, are not equal in scope to the long, gradual process of maturation and self-cultivation described in true Bildungsromane. Any definition of the Bildungsroman that includes The Catcher in the Rye is too diffuse to be meaningful. Hubacelgrand (talk) 23:19, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

I've taught *Catcher* in a course on the Bildungsroman, but Tony2Times' point is well-taken. Re Harry Potter, Joyce's *Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man* focuses heavily on the main character's formal education, and is usually considered a Bildungsroman. *Harry Potter* might be dismissed on other grounds, though.--Kbrewer36 (talk) 02:54, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

I don't see Catcher as a Bildungsroman, because Holden Caulfield has serious personal/emotional problems, and does not progress. To the extent that I understand the novel, Holden "understands" society so well that he cannot make the kinds of rational adjustments needed to live in it. QED. WilliamSommerwerck (talk) 14:26, 29 August 2010 (UTC)

I tried to erase Catcher in the Rye. It is not a Bildungsroman but some troll put it back on. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.226.172.193 (talk) 19:58, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

DOES IT HAVE TO HAVE ONLY A SINGLE PROTAGONIST?
OK. Harry Potter definitely looks like a Buildungsroman.The evolution of the hero is complete in the seven volume collection.But does Buildungsroman have to be the tale about a single hero undergoing metamorphosis or can One hundred years of solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez be termed as Buildungsroman?Olipou.kk (talk) 06:07, 24 January 2008 (UTC)Parvathi

Well, it needs to be one single book, and yes, a single protagonist, and the protagonist must reach wise mature adulthood within the book, via various trials or experiences. Softlavender (talk) 04:29, 12 May 2008 (UTC)

Make the article better by looking at the german and the french article
The headline says it almost. This article is not good! The articles in french and german are much better. The easiest way to make this one better is to look at the other and learn from them. I cant do it because I am german and my english is not so good. I would suggest that someone, who is native english speaker but can understand german or french, does this. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.52.32.206 (talk) 14:40, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I'd like to second this motion.--Awaler (talk) 19:26, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

Unsourced examples
I'm wondering if only sourced samples, samples that have an attached ref from a useable source that says this work is an example of Bildunsroman, should be kept on the examples list. I noticed that there are a bunch of unsourced examples on that list and it seems improper to call something Bildunsroman just on the opinion of an editor although I can't remember the policy that backs that off the top of my head. Cat-five t  c   03:26, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
 * I removed all unsourced samples after I saw that there was already an HTML note giving fair warning that they'd be removed at any time. There's a few major works that I removed that should be added back if a source canb e found that confirms that they fall under Bildunsroman.  The edit is here, if anyone wants to go back and see what was removed. [[User:Cat-five| Cat-five] t  c   05:51, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
 * This issue has come up again since Cat-five's last comment and edit, even though the 'Examples' section explicitly asks for sources when it is edited, and several discussions on this Talk page and the Archive page seem to have resulted in a consensus to cut down the list and always provide sources for examples. I have provided sources for some of the major examples and removed all uncited ones. Charlios (talk) 03:08, 12 December 2020 (UTC)

What's the difference?
The article here states that a bildungsroman is a coming-of-age story, but up until a couple of days ago it also said (and the coming-of-age story article still does say) that bildungsroman is a subset of the genre. So, is that no longer the case? Is bildungsroman just a technical term for/synonym of/pretentious way of saying “coming-of-age story”? Or does calling a story a bildungsroman add something to the description, in a way that that the English term does not? And if they are different, the article (in fact, both articles) should spell out for us simple folk what the difference is, and the copious "Examples" section should only include items that meet that criterion, and/or are actually described as such by a reliable source. Also, the article states that the term was coined in 1819, and the birth of the genre dates from Weiland's novel of 1767, yet the coming-of-age story article, and the list here, have about a dozen examples that predate that; so how accurate in fact is that claim? Swanny18 (talk) 13:39, 2 July 2017 (UTC)

 * There seem to be two main issues here.

 * Firstly, I agree that the difference between a Bildungsroman and a coming-of-age novel, if there is any, needs to be made clear. The Catcher in the Rye and To Kill a Mockingbird, for example, are included despite not matching the definition of Bildungsroman given in this article (see discussion on The Catcher in the Rye above; the characters do not progress from youth to adulthood in the course of the novel) because the terms Bildungsroman and coming-of-age novel were used interchangeably in the source.

 * Secondly, I would argue that it makes sense for a term to only be coined after the first examples of the genre are published, but I see your point about the examples predating Wieland's novel. I cannot judge whether these are indeed classified as Bildungsromane in literary criticism, but given that no sources were provided for most of them, I would propose to delete them, along with all other unevidenced examples, to avoid further confusion (except for the precursors where sources are given). It is true though that Wieland's novel is considered the "first 'true' Bildungsroman" by many literary critics (and it would probably be easy to find more sources than the one provided), so examples identified as a Bildungsromane later on by individual authors might not necessarily contradict the current wording. Charlios (talk) 23:30, 11 December 2020 (UTC)

Expanding Examples?
Would it be applicable to give examples of how the Bildungsroman works within the texts rather than just giving links to the page? Would anyone be opposed to extensively expanding the examples section to convey how the Bildungsroman functions within their respective stories? For example, if I expanded how important the Bildungsroman concept/genre is within Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre (with reputable scholarly sources of course). Perhaps this would invite others to expand on the other examples listed on the Bildungsroman and raise the class of the article? Sleepvertical (talk) 00:19, 17 October 2018 (UTC)

 * The problem with this is that there are too many examples and new ones keep getting added, so the expansion might get a bit too extensive. However, a brief discussion of some of the most notable ones, such as the one you mention, might be a good idea. Harold the Sheep (talk) 22:29, 23 October 2018 (UTC)

 * Thank you for responding Harold the Sheep! I think that is a fair compromise. Possibly creating a section of the most notable examples of the Bildungsroman. I certainly believe that Jane Eyre is one of the notable examples for various reasons (the novel is well read, has a lot of scholarship written on it, its major place in feminist literature, and so on...). I'd also love and encourage if others were willing to bring up what other examples they thought were most important. Perhaps the start of section that is 3-5 notable examples would work? With Jane Eyre being one and possibly the start. Thank you for your help and do you have any other suggestions?

Sleepvertical (talk) 00:10, 26 October 2018 (UTC)

 * Jane Eyre is a good suggestion. Emile or Candide might be good as an early example of the genre. Maybe Great Expectations and a couple from the 20th and 21st centuries. I guess it doesn't particularly matter which ones, as long as they are well known and good for demonstrating the qualities of the article subject. Harold the Sheep (talk) 04:30, 26 October 2018 (UTC)
 * I question the inclusion in 21st century examples of Words of a Shaman, by Nkwachukwu Ogbuagu (2019). All the recent examples have an independent source as reference to explain why they can be considered examples of Bildungsroman. Words of a Shaman links to a Goodreads page with one review, and no mention of the word "Bildungsroman". (Also the book and author have no Wikipedia page). RameausNiece (talk) 16:04, 28 March 2023 (UTC)

Italic?
Why the term is Italic? — Hamid Hassani (talk) 07:20, 6 October 2019 (UTC)

 * I would guess that it is because the Wikipedia Manual of Style demands that foreign terms that are not in common usage in English are italizised . Charlios (talk) 22:52, 11 December 2020 (UTC)

 * Except that it further clarifies what it means by common usage and the English word bildungsroman qualifies - "Rule of thumb: do not italicize words that appear in multiple major English dictionaries." --Noren (talk) 00:20, 15 March 2023 (UTC)

Engel
If anyone know what Engel citation should exist here, please help by adding it. Note a and Reference 5 both refer to Engel but there is no citation template or any other Engel on the page. —¿philoserf? (talk) 07:09, 25 May 2020 (UTC)

 * This seems to be have been resolved. The note and reference both refer to the Engel text in the bibliography. Charlios (talk) 22:52, 11 December 2020 (UTC)

Fanny Hill??
How is a novel about a 14-year-old girl becoming a teenage prostitute a good example of a Bildungsroman?? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 175.34.147.100 (talk) 10:21, 5 July 2020 (UTC)

 * There is, in fact, scholarly criticism describing Fanny Hill as a Bildungsroman, though I could not find many sources, so this might be disputed. I just added sources to the article. Charlios (talk) 22:52, 11 December 2020 (UTC)

Anne of green gables
Described as a bildungsroman or novel of education in several articles 177.18.213.205 (talk) 18:46, 30 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bildungsroman


text:
Gizmondo

The Gizmondo is a handheld gaming console developed by Tiger Telematics. It was released in the UK, Sweden and the U.S. starting in March 2005. Its first-party games were developed in studios in Helsingborg, Sweden, and Manchester, England. Gizmondo Europe, Ltd. was based in London, England, and was a subsidiary of Florida-based Tiger Telematics, whose chairman Carl Freer led Gizmondo's development.

Before its launch, the Gizmondo had high expectations by some journalists due to its extensive feature set, and it was aimed to compete against Nintendo and Sony; it ended up as a major sales failure. The company extravagantly spent millions on promotions such as a celebrity party at London's Park Lane Hotel, and taking part at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, despite never making a profit. Its American debut was delayed several times, and a widescreen version was announced shortly before its release – resulting in low sales. With fewer than 25,000 units sold, the Gizmondo was named by GamePro as the worst selling handheld console in history.

The Gizmondo was further overshadowed when Swedish press revealed criminal pasts of several executives, causing their resignations including Tiger Telematics CEO Carl Freer. Director of Gizmondo Europe Stefan Eriksson was involved in a Swedish criminal organisation, the "Uppsalamaffian" (the Uppsala mafia). By February 2006, the company was forced into bankruptcy after amassing US$300 million (£160 million) debt, and the Gizmondo stopped production. Weeks thereafter Eriksson crashed a rare Ferrari Enzo driving at 260 km/h (162 mph) in California, and was later jailed and subsequently deported for driving under the influence in connection with the crash and other criminal offenses.

History
The Gizmondo device was originally called Gametraq. Tiger Telematics first published on their website in October 2003 about the device being developed. This came in response to Nokia's N-Gage. During December that year, Gizmondo made its debut as a concept product at the Las Vegas CES in January 2004, and later appeared at the German CeBIT show in March 2004. The company and the console were renamed Gizmondo around April 2004.

British Formula One driver Jenson Button appeared on magazine adverts for the Gizmondo, and also had his own licensed video game for the device, Chicane, though it never released due to a dispute with Tiger Telematics and the developer of the game. In London's Regent Street, Tiger Telematics threw a party with several celebrities invited to promote the device. Busta Rhymes, Jodie Kidd and Pharrell Williams were among the celebrities invited, of whom some performed. There were also two television adverts that aired after release. Also, in an attempt to promote the console, Gizmondo's executive Stefan Eriksson took part in the 24 Hours of Le Mans race of 2005 in a Gizmondo-sponsored Ferrari 360 Modena GTC.

The Gizmondo's problems were compounded by the involvement of Eriksson in Swedish organized crime, and later for crashing a Ferrari Enzo in Malibu, California, which was apparently owned by the Royal Bank of Scotland. He pleaded guilty to numerous criminal charges which led him to 2 years in jail.

In 2007, GameTrailers named it "the worst console of all time."

Widescreen Gizmondo
Tiger Telematics announced a new Gizmondo model for release in Q2 2006. It was intended to have a larger, 4" widescreen screen and upgrades like Wi-Fi, TV-out support, an improved 480 × 272 pixel resolution, a 2-megapixel camera, and a 500 MHz processor. It also included tri-band GSM technology, effectively making it a mobile phone too. It also featured new icons on the buttons. The widescreen Gizmondo was announced just a few weeks before the U.S. launch of the Gizmondo, possibly prompting some potential customers to not buy the Gizmondo, and instead wait for the improved model, in an example of the Osborne effect. Tiger Telematics promised to show the device at CES 2006 in January; however, it never appeared there. Shortly thereafter Tiger went bankrupt, and thus the new Gizmondo was never released.

United Kingdom
Gizmondo was released in the United Kingdom on 19 March 2005, priced at £229. The Gizmondo was available from the Gizmondo flagship store on London's Regent Street, via Gizmondo's online shop, and other high-street and online retailers such as Argos, Dixons, Currys, John Lewis, although it was never clear how many units were actually introduced into those retail channels.

The SMS service of the Gizmondo enabled people to send messages by pre-pay Vodafone accounts bundled in with the device.

The Gizmondo sold 1000 units within an hour of launch. In April, a month after the initial release, a variant of the console with GPS-assisted "Smart Adds" advertising enabled was released with an RRP of £129.

Sweden
Gizmondo was launched in Sweden in the late Summer of 2005, with both "Smart Adds" and normal units available. Rather than opening flagship stores, the manufacturer relied on established retailers such as Webhallen. "Smart Adds" were never enabled for the Swedish market, even though the technology "was there".

United States
In the United States, the Gizmondo launched on October 22, 2005. Retail price was $400 for a unit without "Smart Ads", or $229 for a "Smart Ads" enabled device. It was available only at kiosks located in shopping malls throughout the U.S. (operated by National Kiosk, LLC, located in the western corner of North Carolina). Only 8 of the planned 14 games were ever released in the U.S., along with no CoPilot GPS software, though the software was sold on the British site for a week or two. There was little to no advertising, and some of their advertising was even put in magazines of Nintendo Power (Nintendo's official magazine). Plans to distribute the handheld through other retailers never materialized.

Games
The Gizmondo launched in the United Kingdom with only one game, Trailblazer. The console launched in the United States with a line-up of eight titles, including Trailblazer. In addition to these eight, six others were released in Europe only. A further 30 titles were known to have been in development for the system, but all were canceled before their release due to Tiger Telematics' bankruptcy. Also all games released in North America were effectively launch titles.

Certain games were claimed to be capable of using "augmented reality", most notably the unreleased game Colors. It was intended to be the first GPS video game, with the ability to track a user's real world movements in real time. Additionally several games including Gizmondo Motocross 2005, Hockey Rage 2005, and Sticky Balls had bluetooth multiplayer features. The accessibility to purchase Gizmondo games was limited. In the United States, games were only available through a small numbers of kiosks located in shopping malls across the country. After Tiger Telematic's bankruptcy, the Gizmondo and its games were left without any proper marketing or distribution.

Smart Adds
The "Smart Adds" system was intended as a way for advertisers to subsidize part of the cost of the unit. The apparent misspelling of the name was intentional and a trademark and company name were registered in the UK as "Smart Adds", though even Tiger Telematics occasionally slipped up and referred to it as Smart Ads in their publicity material. A "Smart Adds"-enabled Gizmondo cost less (£129/$229), but would display advertisements on the Gizmondo's screen at random intervals when the user entered the home screen. These advertisements would be downloaded via the device's GPRS data connection, and would be targeted based on data inputted to the device. A maximum of three ads would be shown per day. Some ads would include special offers in the form of vouchers or barcodes, and some would utilize the device's GPS system to direct users to the nearest store carrying the advertised product.

However, the "Smart Adds" service was never activated, and users who paid the reduced price for a "Smart Adds"-enabled device did not receive any advertisements through their device.

Technical specifications

 * Display: 72 mm (2.8 inch) TFT screen
 * Resolution: 320 × 240 pixels
 * CPU: Samsung S3C2440 ARM9 processor running at 400 MHz
 * Graphics: Nvidia GoForce 3D 4500
 * Graphics RAM: 1.2 MB 128-bit SRAM
 * Graphics Performance: 1,000,000 polygons per second
 * RAM: 64 MB 16-bit SDRAM
 * ROM: 64 MB
 * Sound: Built-in speaker
 * Communication: Bluetooth class 2 for multiplayer gaming, GSM tri-band
 * Ports: Stereo headset socket, Mini-USB client, SD flash card reader
 * Power: Removable battery
 * Temperature Range: 32 - 130 F
 * OS: Windows CE
 * Multimedia: MPEG 4 video playback, ability to play back MP3, WAV and MIDI files via Windows Media Player 9
 * JPEG camera
 * Removable SIM card
 * GPS tracking application
 * GPRS mapping application
 * GPRS Class 10
 * SMS
 * MMS receive and send
 * WAP 2.0
 * Polyphonic ring tones
 * Flight mode

Successor
Former Gizmondo director Carl Freer announced to a Swedish newspaper in November 2007 his intentions for a new Gizmondo, and said there were already 35 games in place, a manufacturing base in Shenzhen, China, and that he hoped the handheld would retail at US$99.

The original planned launch date was May 2008, but this was quickly pushed back to November 2008, along with details of a new company, Media Power, behind the launch, headed by Carl Freer and his Swedish partner Mikael Ljungman, with development apparently proceeding according to the new schedule at least until September. By December 2008, the console had still not appeared, which Freer blamed on the difficult economic conditions. The device was delayed to 2009 as a result. The latest design prototype turned it into a smartphone running both Windows CE or Google Android.

However, since then the Media Power website went offline. Co-founder Mikael Ljungman was later arrested, extradited to Denmark and convicted of serious fraud due to his activities at IT Factory. Nothing more has been announced about the device by Freer, effectively confirming its cancellation.

In popular culture
A reference to the Gizmondo is made in the British movie Goal!, when a meeting takes place in a Gizmondo store.

title: Gizmondo


text:
Talk:Theodore Hesburgh

Honorary Degree
"He holds the Guinness Book of World Records title for "Most Honorary Degrees" ". Does anyone know how many? --Commander Keane 14:11, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC) Anyone fancy compiling a list of them? 82.13.83.244 22:51, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

 * There are more than 150, so this list is getting very long. Should it be a separate List and then linked back to this article on Hesbugh?Rosalina523 (talk) 21:34, 6 July 2017 (UTC)

Met Him
I had the opportunity this evening to meet Father Hesburgh and hear him speak informally for about an hour. What a truly amazing individual! One thing he mentioned that is not in the article is that after the Apollo 1 disaster, when the then-head of NASA was sacked, he was offered the job. Had he accepted he would have headed up the moon missions! However, he declined because he didn't want his Catholicism to be perceived as a conflict of interest when awarding contracts to independent corporations etc. I don't have time to hunt up a reference for this and add it to his article right now, but someone should. 12.180.179.251 (talk) 01:39, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Picture
As much as I love the mural on the side of the library, despite the fact that every time I'm driving north on South Bend Ave. I catch it out the corner of my eye and it distracts me from driving, doesn't anyone else think it's a bit ludicrous that the image for the article is of the library instead of the man himself? Granted, it's an excellent library, possibly deserving of its own article, but for an article about Dr. Hesburgh, it seems like it would be appropriate to have an actual picture of the man. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.20.198.110 (talk) 03:40, 26 October 2009 (UTC)

Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy findings
I do not feel passionately enough about this to change the page directly, but it is worth mentioning that the ultimate findings of the commission also stated that immigration reform could only succeed if there were a secure verifiable national identity document--one of the significant changes between the commission's suggestions and the phrasing of the final 1986 Immigration Control and Reform Act. Senator Alan Simpson, page 88 of the final report: "[E]mployer sanctions, increased enforcement and some kind of identification system. If we get one without the other two or if we get two without the other one, we have nothing.  Yet we will pretend we will and then we will be right back where we were before." 12.96.236.122 (talk) 22:31, 25 September 2012 (UTC)

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A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 04:07, 19 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Hesburgh Joyce Statue.jpg

title: Talk:Theodore Hesburgh


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Order of the gimghoul

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. dbenbenn | talk 14:05, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Order of the gimghoul
Secret society whose existence is widely known. Yeah right. Radiant! 14:12, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Attested to in the very local press, so it is "real," but it's not exactly Skull and Bones. Notability not established. HyperZonktalk 18:12, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)

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text:
Very Small Array

The Very Small Array (VSA) was a 14-element interferometric radio telescope operating between 26 and 36 GHz that is used to study the cosmic microwave background radiation. It was a collaboration between the University of Cambridge, University of Manchester and the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (Tenerife), and was located at the Observatorio del Teide on Tenerife. The array was built at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory by the Cavendish Astrophysics Group and Jodrell Bank Observatory, and was funded by PPARC (now STFC). The design was strongly based on the Cosmic Anisotropy Telescope.

The telescope was comparable in terms of capabilities to several other CMB experiments, including the balloon-based BOOMERanG and MAXIMA, and the ground-based DASI and CBI.

Design
The telescope consists of 14 elements (yielding 91 baselines), each of which have a horn reflector antenna focusing astrophysical signals into individual receivers (pseudomorphic HFET amplifiers, with a system temperature around 25 K and a physical temperature of 12 K, based on an NRAO design). The separate elements are combined using a correlator to form an aperture synthesis array. The elements are mounted on a tip-table, which is capable of tracking the sky and can tilt up to 35 degrees from the zenith.

The telescope has been used in three different configurations – "compact", "extended" and "super-extended", each of which differ in the separation distance between the elements (the difference between compact and extended is a factor of 2.25), and the size of the antennas. While the compact array has antennas 143mm in diameter, the extended array uses 322mm diameter antennas. This means that the compact array has a primary beam of 4.5 degrees, and a resolution of 30 arcminutes (multipoles between 100 and 800), while the extended array has a primary beam of 2 degrees, a resolution of 12 arcminutes and can hence observe multipoles between 250 and 1500. The extended array is also a factor of 5 more sensitive than the compact array. The super-extended array will be able to measure multipoles up to 3000, and has 550mm antenna mirrors. The front-end amplifiers were also upgraded.

The telescope can be tuned to frequencies between 26 and 36 GHz, with 1.5 GHz bandwidth, meaning that the telescope can carry out observations at different frequencies.

It also includes two 3.7m radio telescopes, also working at 30 GHz, which are dedicated to monitoring foreground sources. These source subtraction dishes were upgraded to more accurate ones following the first series of observations, to allow the monitoring of much weaker sources than previously.

Both the source subtractor dishes, and the VSA itself, are surrounded by large metal ground shields.

As the VSA is an interferometer, it directly measures the angular power spectrum of the CMB, rather than having to construct a map of the sky first.

Results

The fields observed with the VSA were chosen to minimize the amount of bright radio sources and large clusters in the field (the latter to avoid the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect), as well as to avoid contamination by emission from our galaxy. The radio point sources present in the VSA fields were observed with the Ryle Telescope at 15 GHz, then monitored by the VSA source subtracters during the VSA observations.

In the compact array configuration, the telescope observed three 7×7 degree areas of the sky to high precision in an observing session between August 2000 and August 2001. These observations were taken at the highest frequency of the telescope, centered at 34 GHz, to reduce foreground contamination. Another, larger area of the sky was also observed, but less precisely. The data from these observations were reduced independently at all three involved institutions. The results from these observations were published in a series of four papers in 2003; those by Watson et al., Taylor et al., Scott et al. and Rubino-Martin et al. (see References below). The key results were the power spectra of the Cosmic Microwave Background between multipoles of 150 and 900, and the resulting limits on cosmological parameters when combined with data from observations from other experiments.

The second observing session ran between September 2001 and July 2003, and was using the extended array. The first results from the extended array were published as a Letter in 2003, simultaneously with the first four publications, using data taken up until April 2002. The sections of the sky observed were located within the previously-observed fields, with the measurements being both more accurate and in greater detail. The result was an improved power spectrum of the CMB, going out to a multipole of 1400, and refined cosmological parameters. The second set of results were published in 2004, and consisted of the original observations plus more observations taken in the same regions of the sky, as well as observations in three new regions. This yielded measurements of the CMB power spectra out to l of 1500 much more accurately than previously, and more accurate cosmological parameter estimates.

Observations with the VSA continued until the end of August 2008, using the Super-Extended configuration. Also, the Ryle Telescope has been upgraded to detect lower flux point sources, and the OCRA receiver on a telescope in Poland will be used to more accurately subtract the point sources.

title: Very Small Array


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Orange C500

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep and cleanup. Deathphoenix 02:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Orange C500
Specs for a particular type of cellphone. Not encyclopedic. Radiant! 14:13, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and send it to cleanup. Valid encyclopedic topic, especially if the phone is a particularly notable one. --Andylkl 19:22, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. WP is not a product catalog. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:31, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Spam. Delete. - Mike Rosoft 16:46, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or merge with something. Kappa 22:13, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but with reservations. Article needs cleanup and expansion. Megan1967 08:10, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, valid topic. JamesBurns 11:04, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

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text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Orale

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 10:42, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Orale
Slang term. Meaning not specified in article. Sounds pretty obscure, and googles only to unrelated stuff. Radiant! 14:14, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a Spanish language dictionary. Also, as noted, the word isn't even defined. Boggling. HyperZonktalk 18:16, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, slang dictionary definition. Megan1967 23:39, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Orale