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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Conscious evolution

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 13:28, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Conscious evolution
Non-notable, POV essay, advertisement, original research, barely coherent, etc. Jayjg (talk) 03:40, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete (Just to make my vote clear). Jayjg (talk) 04:14, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Unencyclopedic, POV, meaningless, and not entirely literate stream-of-consciousness e.g. a "pantheist universe of the present and past as a kind of metaphorical pre-programmed blind and brute force mathematical equation unraveling as a cosmic process . . ." SlimVirgin 04:08, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete An objective and sensible article on "conscious evolution" wouldn't be such a bad thing, but this certainly isn't it. --Sdfisher 04:24, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or redirect to a blurb in some other appropriately eugenic/racialist/separatist ideology like Nazism, Eugenics or the equivalent. 'CE' is not the term the vast majority use for this frame of mind, including the vast majority who share that viewpoint. -- RyanFreisling @ 05:10, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Yay! Eugenics!  I'm surprised it doesn't link to Zyklon B.  Delete (obviously) as personal essay, original research, utter crap, take your pick.  Postdlf 05:20, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - I ask that the Jewish Ethnocentrist cabal, give this topic a few weeks to develop, right now this topic is in a very rough and early stage. When I say Jewish Ethnocentrist cabal, I don't mean this as a personal insult or attack against you guys. I just mean it as a factual, accurate and documented reflection of your actions, history, censorship and emotional bias regarding issues related to or regarding jews, judaism, israel and zionism. Please don't let your personal and sensitive feelings about my other contributions prevent such an interesting and relevant topic from existing and being developed. Thanks for your understanding and neutrality in these regards. Dnagod 05:31, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm being understanding and neutral when I say that this article is crap, and that your comments above show that you are far from neutral yourself. "Jewish Ethnocentrist cabal"?  What on earth makes you think that's an appropriate or persuasive phrase to use here?  Were you trying to be funny?  Postdlf 05:42, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Sadly, no, he wasn't being funny. Look at his User page. Jayjg (talk) 05:56, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * To be quite frank, you have no idea what you're talking about as regards the religions or backgrounds of the people you just insulted, nor, apparently, the purpose, method and benefit of the wikipedia. Very bad form. -- RyanFreisling @ 05:45, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * DELETE Yikes!  What a creepy defense.  The Jacobin 05:51, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Cleduc 06:05, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, rewrite and expand. "Conscious evolution" is getting around 25,000+ hits on Google. It is a genuine term but the article at present needs to be rewritten and the POV eliminated. Megan1967 06:15, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * That does not necessarily make it a genuine 'term,' it could largely be an aggregate of people who mentioned the words in a sentence, but without having a particular model (unified if at all), for it specifically, in mind. El_C
 * Delete - Website notwithstanding, not notable, therefore, also advertisement. It is –an aside– that the contents are highly questionable, that the style of writing reveals a gross unfamiliarity with objective, NPOV exposition, and that it is heavily coloured throughout with grammatical idiosyncrasities resulting in an unstable narrative which reads very poorly. El_C 06:16, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC) Changing vote to keep to reflect AndyL's commendable revision. El_C 18:17, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Rambling POV personal essay, original research. --MPerel( talk 06:20, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Original research. No, it's patent nonsense. No, it's original reserach. AndyL 06:50, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Dear Wikitroopers, I apologize to those who were personally offended by my remarks regarding the serious problem of jewish bias on wikipedia on issues involving or regarding jews and judaism, I just wish more attention where brought to that fact and that people would stop pretending it doesn't exist or looking the other way. I genuinely and sincerely want wikipedia to be fair, balanced, neutral and possess a wide range of valid points of view.

Anyhow, Hey guys, think of conscious evolution as a very rough work in progress, with absolutely enormous potential like the rest of wikipedia ;) Conscious evolution is the wave of the future, and the last stage of our human evolution, so please reconsider your vote to keep it rather than delete it! Think of it this way, each one of you is like a brain cell in the mind of the coming god consciousness and the internet is the network that connects all these brain cells together. With that knowledge you discover that wikipedia is the memory of gods brain and our communication its consciousness. So lets consider keeping it guys!! ;)

Also where is jpgordons vote to delete? I am disappointed that he didn't vote delete within 1 hr of the topics creation.

with over 20,000 mentions for "conscious evolution", I think we should keep it and work towards creating a conscious evolution article with all points of view!

Dnagod 07:07, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * What makes you think that you need a pro-Jewish bias to want to delete your article? It doesn't even mention Jews (except for the non sequitur paragraph claiming wikipedia has a pro-Jewish bias).  Postdlf 09:07, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Please try to restrain yourself and make No_personal_attacks. Also look into the use of the 'colon' to indent. I mean that sincerely. -- RyanFreisling @ 03:57, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. It needs a major rewrite, but that doesn't mean it should be deleted. The topic is an important one. LizardWizard 07:14, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Blather, delete. -- Hoary 08:35, 2005 Feb 9 (UTC)

 * KEEP. I am very far from being a neo-Nazi or beleiver in Eugenics yet User: Dnagod has made some good points about how Wikipedia has come to be dominated by groups following a herd-mentality that stack the votes on VfD's in order to push ahead their own agenda. You people are discrediting Wikipedia with your un-democratic mindset. In the past hour I have come upon this VfD'ed article AND an entry in the deletion log detailing how an article about Wikipedia's Pro-Jewish Bias was deleting WITHOUT VfD-ing. Now back to the article, unlike the rest of you sheep, I actually read the article and although it is not well written, it is quite valid both in its content and its context in the wider world. It should be expanded and fleshed out true, but kept and not deleted. I urge all voters to vote to keep. -CunningLinguist 08:54, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * That speedy deletion (as it's called) is not surprising. Wikipedia is not about Wikipedia. That person can write their views on their user page or go to Requests for Comment. Also, check Votes for undeletion. r3m0t 19:32, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Which article was speedy deleted? Jayjg (talk) 20:36, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * What do you mean by calling it valid? It makes little sense, being just an attempt at pretentious twaddle that doesn't even succeed in being pretentious.  The arrogance with which you assume that no-one but you has read the article, however, together with your insults to those who disagree with you, suggests that you're either a sock-puppet of Dnagit (or vice versa), or merely a maggot-skinned white-supremacist fellow traveller. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 19:51, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * While my claim that no-one read it was poorly thought out, I still stand by my previous points. Although it is poorly written, I still beleive that the article should be kept because of the fact that "Conscious Evolution" has established its presence on the internet (do a Google-search), the article was far from a "personal essay" as someone claimed, in fact these ideas have been put out in one form or another by various thinkers over time, and I see no white-supremacist propaganda on the page. My comment that no-one read it seems to become more valid the more you read this page. Someone compared the page to Zyklon B...Ummm, excuse me?? are we reading the same page here?? It seems like many of the voters on this page are coming here, quickly seeing accusations of white supremacy by others and voting Delete without actually taking in the article. Your accusation that I am either  DNAGod's sock puppet or a White Supermacist is: 1. A cheap attempt to slander me and therefore make any comment I have made on here invalid  2. Patently invalid because: A. A quick look at the edit histories by me and DNAGod or even a look at our User pages shows that we are not related in anyway, in fact if DNAGod is actually a White Supremacist like you claim, I doubt he would wish to relate in any way with me since: B. For your information I am not White. -CunningLinguist 05:08, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You misunderstand me. I don't think that the article contained white-supremacist material (in fact I think it had very little if any genuine content, hence my confusion over your description of it as valid).  Rather, claiming that no-one but you had read the article, and calling other voters sheep was strongly reminiscent of the style of comments made by Dnagit and his friends at, for example the VfU for Jewish ethnocentrism.  In fact it was those comments of yours, in my view, that would make few people take your interjection seriously, not my response to them. I did in fact check your edit history, and it was immediately obvious that there was no actual connection between you and Dnagit; I therefore didn't claim that there was.  Rather, I said that the tenor of your remarks suggested that there was.  I could (and should) have made myself clearer. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:25, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If you believe you can write a NPOV article about whatever subject this article is about, then do so—make a subpage of your user page and take a crack at it, and then we'll review it. The article is so incoherent that I can't even fathom what he's talking about from an outsider's perspective, so I'm curious to see what an objective description of this...whatever it is...would even look like.  Postdlf 05:32, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Original research. BlankVerse 09:09, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Human-directed evolution is certainly a topic worthy of inclusion in the Wikipedia; however, this is just a weirdly-written little essay about it. Here at Wikipedia, we publish encyclopedia articles, not jargon-filled rants. Keep if totally reworked, though. And what is it with weird remarks about cabals, pro-Jewish bias and whatnot? One would think this was a Stormfront thread, not Wikipedia.Zantastik 09:10, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is a personal essay, not an encyclopaedic article. If the subject is notable (as yet unproven), restart from scratch and maintain a NPOV from the beginning. Oh, and obviously TINC. --Plek 09:45, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/redirect w Transhumanism. This POV lobbying is very disturbing. (Sam Spade | talk | contributions) 10:07, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete (possibly make it a Redirect page, but I don't think that there's anything worth merging with Transhumanism, to be honest.) It's a rambling, vague, nonsensical, personal essay. (I say this very reluctantly, because as he tells us a couple of times on his User page he makes a lot of money, and as part of the Jewish ethnocentrist cabal (or cable as he puts it on his User page) I naturally have my eye on his wallet.) Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 10:29, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC) AndyL's rewrite turns it into a perfectly aceptable article, avoiding all the problems of its previous incarnation.  (I mean, Hubbard as loopy as her namesake (any relation?), but that's not the point.) My vote is now Keep (but keep a close eye on it to make sure it doesn't revert). Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 16:52, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * What sort of programming is available on Jewish ethnocentrist cable? Reruns of The Goldbergs and Bridget Loves Bernie? --Calton 02:24, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I admit that I couldn't make head nor tail of the article as it stands and the reference to Jewish ethnocentrism didn't help. If it can to be shown to be an encyclopedic concept, I will rethink my vote. Capitalistroadster 10:58, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - non-notable, what Jayjg said. --Mrfixter 12:20, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for what it's worth, this seems to be part of the planned neo-nazi "attack" on Wikipedia. For more information, see the Adminstrator's noticeboard at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents or the original thread at Stormfront http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=173563&page=4&pp=10 (note: neo-nazi site, may be offensive to some). Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  13:33, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. POV, non-encyclopedic screed. Ignoring the writer's, shall we say idiosyncratic worldview, if any actual information exists out there about "conscious evolution" (and I don't think there's anything but a bunch of Skinhead tracts), then it can always be rewritten in the future, by an impartial wikipedian. The article, as it stands now, would have to be completely blanked before any real work could begin anyway. Binadot  12:36, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. At present, it is obviously  original research/personal essay -- a rant, in fact.   The article is so muddled that I can't figure out whether the term 'conscious evolution' has any encyclopedic potential either as the topic of a separate article or subsumed under some more general topic.   If this does have potential as a separate encyclopedia topic, a future editor is probably better off just starting over from scratch.  --BM 14:11, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speaking as the Aryan ideal myself, this is a remarkably fit for deletion piece of original research. Even if an encyclopaedic article could be written on the subject (whatever the subject is), this is never going to be it. Although it gets points for showing there is actually a second Cosmotheist in the world who's found Wikipedia - David Gerard 14:16, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It's hardly a surprise, they know each other. Jayjg (talk) 16:43, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Idiosyncratic original research, as well as being twaddle. -- Karada 14:37, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Gibberish. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 14:53, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm mixed. This article is crap. Pure POV drivel. However, the notion of "consious evolution" is (or at least was) pretty commonplace in New Age thinking not so long ago. It's unfortunate to see that the term and concept is being co-opted by such societal detritus as the neo-nazis. There *could* be an article on the topic, but this is probably a worse starting point than a blank page. I've no inclination to re-write this crap, so for the article in its current state my vote is Delete. older ≠ wiser 15:15, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps there is an article to be had here on this subject, but this definitively is not it. Horrendous and offensive in its current form (and no, I am not Jewish, though why that matters is beyond me).  Given that I doubt very much this will suddenly become replaced with a coherent NPOV article, I vote to delete. Katefan0 16:43, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete in addition to being pure nonsense, also non-encyclopedic article. No value whatsoever. -- Egil 16:51, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete with extreme prejudice — as already noted, material of this nature belongs in eugenics and/or transhumanism. — RJH 17:07, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * there is such an enormous wealth of material on conscious evolution, that it would be an utter shame and waste for such a topic to be merged with other topics. eugenics and conscious evolution are not the same. Eugenics is about selective breeding, where as conscious evolution encompasses all strategies, philosophies and tactics to enable upward evolution. There is also a very spiritual element to conscious evolution, that does not exist in transhumanism. Merging conscious evolution with transhumanism wont work either, as transhumanism which was hijacked and rejects eugenics - even though the founder of transhumanism was an avid supporter of eugenics. Conscious evolution deserves its own category, and has thousands of unique articles and perspectives on it make it worthy. I ask that you give me a couple of months to develop this topic and I will include all perspectives, pro, con, neutral, etc.. etc.. Consider it a work in progress which will encompass all POV on the issue. Dnagod 22:05, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * More evidence that this should be deleted Wikipedia is not a mirror or a repository of links, What Wikipedia is not Trödel| talk  22:24, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete for being original research, largely in the form of a personal essay. I agree with Bkonrad that the concept is capable of having a legitimate encyclopedia article, but it doesn't appear that anyone is all that inclined to write such an article at this time, and there's no reason to leave this around, either as a placeholder now or to pollute the page history later. --Michael Snow 17:30, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Essay, original research. Xezbeth  17:51, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete ditto - orginal research - not coherent Trödel| talk 19:20, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep The concept exists, and is notable, no matter how far-fetched. I would at least keep the introductory paragraph.  DanP 19:34, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete ➥the Epopt of the Roman Catholic/Libertarian Chapter of the Marxist/Zionist Cabal 19:44, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, original research, codswallop, I've read better stuff about consciousness in the lyrics of punk CDs. Wyss 19:50, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not a report on anything, in spite of the ranks of (vaguely related) external links. Posturing. --Wetman 22:16, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It's possible, though difficult, to turn excogitations on fringe philosophies or religions into respectable NPOV articles: compare the original revision of Cosmotheism (a philosophy/religion similar to this one) with the current content, which resides at William Luther Pierce. (Though writing that article was nothing compared to the following six-month battle against Vogel's attempts to turn it back into a proselytizing pamphlet. . .) If anyone can fix this, then keep; otherwise deleting it is no loss. —Charles P. (Mirv) 22:28, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, then recreate as a redirect to transhumanism. humblefool® 23:54, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Crap. T IMBO  ( T A L K )  23:58, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Eugenics is a subset of conscious evolution, they are not one and the same. Transhumanism is a subset of conscious evolution, because the hijacked (huxley was a eugenicist) version of transhumanism rejects conscious evolution. Conscious evolution does not discriminate, it embodies all philosophies, all view points, all strategies of real tangible transformation towards Godhood! Why would anyone want to delete the most fascinating, creative, imaginative, stimulating and interesting topic that has ever come to wikipedia or the human race for that matter? We are talking about the last revolution where man takes control of his own conscious evolution to attain the ultimate dream of immortality and godhood. Sure the thing needs work, so does the rest of wikipedia, but why would we want to delete something which represents the true essence of wikipedia? If we deleted something because it wasn't finished or could be improved regarding its POV, wouldnt we have to delete all of wikipedia? Boulder Dash! ;) Is not wikipedia Conscious Evolution and conscious evolution wikipedia? Are we not taking control of our own evolution here by building all the knowledge in the universe? Is that not clearly defined in conscious evolution as one of the traits of godhood? Imagine genetically modifying ourselves where we could hold the whole wikipedia (year 2100 version) in its completed form in our minds. Don't you see what this is? We are creating God here, this is mans ultimate dream to be immortal and attain oneness with god. Why would you want to delete this opportunity? Conscious Evolution is the great convergence of everything, all the knowledge in the universe and understood in our post human minds with perfection! Imagine a state of consciousness where consciousness permeates the whole of the universe and knowledge, and even the past and future. This is earth shattering stuff here folks. Please, let this thing stay, it needs a lot of time to nurture, to fertilize - no pun intended - and developed into something profound and wonderful. Give Conscious Evolution a CHANCE! As a reward you will all be given godhood. ;) ;) In all seriousness PLEASE give this a chance folks, please. Dnagod 02:11, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the essay. You've confirmed my earlier opinion. -- Hoary 02:29, 2005 Feb 10 (UTC)
 * In fact, this is fodder for BJAODN. :) --Modemac 12:26, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * We are creating God here, this is mans ultimate dream to be immortal and attain oneness with god. ...codswallop, too. Wyss 17:17, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Rant, borderline unreadable. Delete.  CJCurrie 02:30, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Original nonsense that's nearly impossible to read. Carrp | Talk 04:00, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to transhumanism. -Sean Curtin 04:26, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete.Mackensen (talk) 04:59, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mikkalai 07:11, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - ideological advocacy - Skysmith 10:17, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps a redirect to artificial selection, no merge. Maybe even a delete first to erase history. -R. fiend 20:59, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: essay, nothing useful. Wile E. Heresiarch 04:55, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete.  Me too!  --Modemac 12:24, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * DELETE Nazi blogging and dnagod is probably a long-term sockpuppet max rspct 19:37, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC). u r so obviously here to promote anti-democratic and anti-semitic views max rspct lOOk at your rant >>>

 * Well this is why some would argue democracy is a scam, because there seems to be more ignorant people in the world than intelligent (not meant as a personal attack). Based on the number of people voting to delete, I don't see any reason to try to make this section NPOV, as well as include a wide variety of legit POV on the issue. The votes will mean the outcome of deletion is the same (true or false)? You may have proved that wikipedia is simply and mostly a numbers game (encouraging sock puppets and proxy servers). And of course proved I was right in regards to my statements regarding an organized biased jewish cabal, even worse are their lackeys. I think my bringing this fact of jewish biast to the forefront, will never allow for me to make long term legit contributions to wikipedia without the weenies (you know who you are), censoring, deleting or reverting.

I won't waste time developing and expanding this section (unless it is preserved), as it will get purged anyway, so what would be the point? I also think that most people are probably not ready for this kind of truth, it causes too much pain to the masses to realize that for thousands of years their silly revealed religions (especially judaism & christianity in the west) were perpetuated myth-scams and that reality is Man is actually God in the making - you can pretend if you want that we are an end unto ourselves or simply that it isn't true, but deep down you know it is true and you hate the truth. You can't handle the truth! ;)

So please make the deletion final. On a tangent, I think the real problem is that I exposed the absolute fact that every section regarding or even remotely involving jews, judaism, israel, zionism and holocaust denial have a cabal of jewish ethnocentrists, jewish supremacists and (neurotic?) jews, even worse lackeys of jews, who refuse to allow these areas to be fair, balanced, npov, and include legit links and sources. Even worse is that these sections will rarely if ever have the truth regarding the extent of alternative points of view which largely exist and are not pro or neutral concerning jews. By exposing this as a fact regarding wikis jew bias and jew infestation, I have brought the wrath of the jews and their lackeys, thus not ever being able to make legit contributions to wikipedia without those legit contributions being purged, deleted or reverted. Not an insult, not a personal attack, just follow the cabal and you will see I am right.

Would it make more sense that I no longer use this account to contribute? I will still use it to browse though, or would a fresh start be in order under a new name and proxy? In other words, would it make sense I set up new accounts, by instead using one of the thousands of proxy servers I have access to? Does one need to use subtle stealth to achieve positive results of neutrality? Not concerning the jew bias problem.

Wikipedia works for the most part, but your jewish bias from your jew cabal (which includes lackeys of the jews as well) and the inability for the great majority of people to see there is a serious jew problem here will definitely hurt the long term legitimacy and credibility of wikipedia regarding issues involving or even remotely involving Judaism – FACT!

I am glad I was able to bring attention to this fact, even though it’s futile with most people sticking their heads in the sand. However, I enjoy wikipedia and I have faith that history will repeat itself.

You have my blessing purge conscious evolution.

Best Wishes. Dnagod 22:36, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Given that you've shown yourself unable to keep your moronic racism quiet, even when it would have been in your interest to do so, I doubt that you're capable of stealth. Why not go and work off your psychological problems somewhere else?  Buy a 4x4 (SUV) — that seems to be what other people with inferiority complexes do, instead of polluting Wikipedia.  Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:42, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I wanted to thank him for that last bit of racist sludge, actually—that was the excuse this pale-skinned Irish atheist needed to block him permanently. Postdlf 22:43, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Even after years of observing white supramacist wackos in action, I am continually amazed by the incredible narrow-mindedness these losers display with every public statement, and especially their unending, fanatic obsession with Jews. Jews this, Jews that, Jews all over the place.  Jews in the morning, Jews in the evening, Jews at suppertime!  They must look over their shoulders and see imaginary Jews leaping out of every shadow and corner to attack them.  It must be a mental handicap or something. --Modemac 12:18, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Modemac, you are exactly correct. I have looked at these "jew biased" sections in question with great detail and they are free of insensitive ideas, free of right wing agendas and carefully sanitized, which means they are politically proper and socially correct. There is absolutely no bias, censorship or questionable POV involving what this user describes as "topics even remotely involving jews and judaism." Censorship of additions, contributions and links which point to politically incorrect, insensitive, alternative and critical ideas should not be allowed on wikipedia. If you allow alternative view points which are racist, politically incorrect, insensitive, hurtful and alternative, you will destroy the credibility of wikipedia. I am glad there are a large number of people keeping a close eye on these "jewish biased" topics ensuring they stay in the same voice they are now. Dariodario 14:05, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Heh heh. I must admit though, I get a kick out of seeing a crank burst now and then. Wyss 23:41, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Lest there be no mistake about the ideology being espoused - despite Dnagod's self-immolating protestations to the contrary:
 * "The personification of the devil as the symbol of all evil assumes the living shape of the Jew"
 *  -- Adolf Hitler, Nazi

Delete this nonsense, but perhaps insert a redirect to higher evolution? Shantavira 17:37, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Keep I've replaced the article with a stub on the more mainstream usage of the term "conscious evolution" as coined by futurist and new age guru Barbara Marx Hubbard. AndyL 16:29, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Having read Andy L's stub, I will change my vote to Keep. Capitalistroadster 18:11, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Ditto. El_C 18:17, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, AndyL's ingenuity in finding something reasonable for the article to be about is commendable. But, you know, this book by Barbara Marx Hubbard is not really notable, nor is the author.  The book has an Amazon sales rank of 58,000 or so, and doesn't seem to have had much of an impact, though it was published in 1998.  Tip of the hat to AndyL, but I don't think we need to be bending over backwards to have an article of this title in the Wikipedia.  So, my vote to delete is unchanged.   --BM 20:34, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think articles pending VfD should be so totally altered as to not even be about their original subject matter—the only thing the same is the title. The article should still be deleted, to remove the worthless edit history of the original, unrelated version, and then AndyL can repost his version on a totally clean slate.  Postdlf 22:08, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * well, unlike the editor who originated this article, Hubbard is a published author though that alone may not make her or her theories "notable". I'm fine with deleting the article entirely in a few hours once five days have elapsed. AndyL 22:55, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It's not an encyclopedic classification. I still say begone... Wyss 23:42, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Stephen Murgatroyd

Stephen John Murgatroyd (born 31 October 1950, Bradford, Yorkshire, England) is a writer, broadcaster and consultant.

Murgatroyd was educated at St. Bede's Grammar School and University College Cardiff, where in 1972 he graduated with honors with a bachelor of arts in research methodology. After graduating, he became a special needs teacher in Cwmbran, Wales. He also became a tutor with the Open University of the United Kingdom.

A year later he became a full-time research fellow with the Open University, directing its first major longitudinal study of adult learners. He later became senior counsellor at the Open University in Wales.

In 1983 he received a master's of philosophy from the Open University of the UK. It was around this time that Murgatroyd became associate editor of the British Journal of Guidance and Counselling and a founding board member of the British Psychological Society's Counseling Psychology section – all of which earned him a fellowship in the British Psychological Society in 1985. He earned his doctorate in 1987, also from the Open University.

In 1986, Murgatroyd became a dean at Athabasca University. Later, he became the first executive director of the Centre for Innovative Management, home of the world's first on-line executive MBA – a programme he managed from 1993 to 1997. This work resulted in an honorary doctorate in "e-learning" from Athabasca University in 2000.

In 1998 he left the Athabasca to join Axia NetMedia, where he helped develop a non-profit master's degree programme offered in association with Middlesex University, where he is a visiting professor.

He returned to Athabasca University in 2003, where he was executive director for external relations until May 2005. He is now Chief Scout of the Innovation Expedition and Principal of Murgatroyd Communications & Consulting Inc. He works with governments, companies and not for profit organizations.

He has written and published 25 books (including two bibliographies), three pamphlets, 30 chapters in edited works, 49 peer reviewed papers in academic journals, 44 contributions to journals and magazines (including reviews) and [twenty, fifty five] journalistic pieces in newspapers and magazines since 1972.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) (UK) in 2009.

He has been active in the non-profit sector, as a former board member of the Galileo Educational Network, trustee of the Alberta Heritage Community Foundation, Chair of the Human Resources Committee of Alberta Ballet and one of the founders of the Alberta Council of Technologies. He currently serves as a Director of Energy Futures Network.

He is married with two adult sons and currently lives in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Stephen Murgatroyd


text:
Tungsten trioxide

Tungsten(VI) oxide, also known as tungsten trioxide is a chemical compound of oxygen and the transition metal tungsten, with formula WO3. The compound is also called tungstic anhydride, reflecting its relation to tungstic acid H2WO4. It is a light yellow crystalline solid.

Tungsten(VI) oxide occurs naturally in the form of hydrates, which include minerals: tungstite WO3·H2O, meymacite WO3·2H2O and hydrotungstite (of the same composition as meymacite, however sometimes written as H2WO4). These minerals are rare to very rare secondary tungsten minerals.

History
In 1841, a chemist named Robert Oxland gave the first procedures for preparing tungsten trioxide and sodium tungstate. He was granted patents for his work soon after, and is considered to be the founder of systematic tungsten chemistry.

Structure and properties
The crystal structure of tungsten trioxide is temperature dependent. It is tetragonal at temperatures above 740 °C, orthorhombic from 330 to 740 °C, monoclinic from 17 to 330 °C, triclinic from −50 to 17 °C, and monoclinic again at temperatures below −50 °C. The most common structure of WO3 is monoclinic with space group P21/n.

The pure compound is an electric insulator, but oxygen-deficient varieties, such as WO_{2.90} = W20O58, are dark blue to purple in color and conduct electricity. They can be prepared by combining the trioxide and the dioxide WO2 at 1000 °C in vacuum.

Possible signs of superconductivity with critical temperatures Tc = 80–90 K were claimed in sodium-doped and oxygen-deficient WO3 crystals. If confirmed, these would be the first superconducting materials containing no copper, with Tc higher than the boiling point of liquid nitrogen at normal pressure.

Industrial
Tungsten trioxide is obtained as an intermediate in the recovery of tungsten from its minerals. Tungsten ores can be treated with alkalis to produce soluble tungstates. Alternatively, CaWO4, or scheelite, is allowed to react with HCl to produce tungstic acid, which decomposes to WO3 and water at high temperatures.

 * CaWO4 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + H2WO4
 * H2WO4 → + WO3

Laboratory
Another common way to synthesize WO3 is by calcination of ammonium paratungstate (APT) under oxidizing conditions:

 * (NH4)10[H2W12O42] → 12 WO3 + 10 NH3 + 10

Reactions
Tungsten trioxide can be reduced with carbon or hydrogen gas yielding the pure metal.

 * 2 WO3 + 3 C → 2 W + 3 CO2 (high temperature)
 * WO3 + 3 H2 → W + 3 H2O (550–850 °C)

Uses
Tungsten trioxide is a starting material for the synthesis of tungstates. Barium tungstate BaWO4 is used as a x-ray screen phosphors. Alkali metal tungstates, such as lithium tungstate Li2WO4 and cesium tungstate Cs2WO4, give dense solutions that can be used to separate minerals. Other applications, actual or potential, include:

 * Fireproofing fabrics
 * Gas and humidity sensors.
 * Ceramic glazes where it gives a rich yellow color.
 * Electrochromic glass, such as in smart windows, whose transparency can be changed by an applied voltage.
 * Photocatalytic water splitting.
 * Substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy replacing noble metals.

title: Tungsten trioxide


text:
Northeast League

The Northeast League was a professional independent baseball league that operated in the Northeastern United States from 1995 until 1998 and from 2003 until 2004. Between 1999 and 2002, the league was part of the Northern League after the two leagues agreed to merge. The league was superseded by the Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball, which its members joined for the 2005 season.

Early history
For the first season, six teams played and were all based in southern and central New York. Albany (Albany Diamond Dogs), Glens Falls (Adirondack Lumberjacks), Yonkers (Yonkers Hoot Owls), Newburgh (Newburgh Night Hawks), Little Falls (Mohawk Valley Landsharks) and Mountaindale (Sullivan Mountain Lions) were all given teams and Adirondack won the first league championship in a 68-game season.

For 1996, things changed slightly. The Mountain Lions were sold to a new ownership group who renamed them the Catskill Cougars and moved them to the North Atlantic League while the Landsharks moved to West Warwick, Rhode Island, expanding the league into New England as the team became the Rhode Island Tiger Sharks. The Hoot Owls also folded and the league added a second New England team, the Bangor Blue Ox, and added Maine to its footprint in place of Yonkers. To replace the Mountain Lions/Cougars, an expansion team was granted to Elmira, New York, which had lost its New York–Penn League team when the Boston Red Sox chose to move the team to Massachusetts and rename them the Lowell Spinners. Like every other professional baseball team to play in Elmira since 1923, the expansion team was named the Pioneers. Albany won its first league title.

In 1997 the league expanded to eight teams and switched to a two-division format. Newburgh and Rhode Island folded after the 1996 season. As the result of the disbanding of the North Atlantic League Catskill rejoined the Northeast League and the Lynn, Massachusetts-based Massachusetts Mad Dogs followed them. Meanwhile, the league expanded into Waterbury, Connecticut, and Allentown, Pennsylvania, with the Waterbury Spirit and Allentown Ambassadors. The league was won by the Elmira Pioneers.

For 1998, the Diamond Dogs added the name of their actual home town, Colonie, to their name and became known as the Albany-Colonie Diamond Dogs. Bangor's team folded and the team's place was taken by the expansion New Jersey Jackals, who played in a then-unfinished Yogi Berra Stadium in Little Falls, New Jersey, on the campus of Montclair State University. The new franchise won the Northeast League championship in their first season.

After the season, prior to the merger with the Northern League, the Catskill franchise again folded. The Cougars would return as a member of the Northern League East in 2000 but would not last beyond that season.

After the merger
After the four-year merger, the Northeast League returned to its status as a separate entity following the 2002 season. In that time, Northeast League teams won all four league titles as the Diamond Dogs, Lumberjacks, and Jackals defeated their Northern League opponents. The league returned to play in 2003 with eight teams. Elmira, Allentown, and New Jersey rejoined the league as they had left it. The Adirondack Lumberjacks relocated to Bangor, returning a team to Maine for the first time since the Blue Ox folded. Joining them were two Northern League expansion teams and two revived franchises. In 1999 and 2002, the Northern League expanded into Quebec City, Quebec, and Brockton, Massachusetts, and these two teams, Québec Capitales and the Brockton Rox, became part of the revived Northeast League.

Meanwhile, in 1999 and 2000, the Massachusetts Mad Dogs and the Waterbury Spirit franchises went dormant. The Mad Dogs were bought by Jonathan Fleisig, who moved the team to Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where they played in Wahconah Park as the Berkshire Black Bears. Nicholas Lopardo, meanwhile, bought the remnants of the Spirit and relaunched the team as the North Shore Spirit in the Mad Dogs' old home of Lynn, Massachusetts, at Fraser Field.

After the Rox won the 2003 league title, Berkshire moved to New Haven, Connecticut, as the New Haven County Cutters while Allentown folded and were replaced by a traveling team, the Northeast League Aces. The 2004 season, proving to be the final Northeast League season, New Jersey defeated North Shore in the league championship series. New Jersey, Brockton, North Shore, New Haven, Quebec, and Elmira became part of the Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball (or Can-Am League) along with an expansion franchise in Worcester, Massachusetts, and a traveling team formed when Bangor's charter for the new league was rescinded.

As of 2021, only two Northeast League teams still exist as professional clubs. New Jersey and Quebec continued to be members of the Can-Am League until that league merged with the Frontier League in 2020, where both are still members.

League champions
Champions of the Northeast League, 1995–98
 * 1995 Adirondack Lumberjacks
 * 1996 Albany-Colonie Diamond Dogs
 * 1997 Elmira Pioneers
 * 1998 New Jersey Jackals

Champions of the Northern League
 * 1999 Albany-Colonie Diamond Dogs
 * 2000 Adirondack Lumberjacks
 * 2001 New Jersey Jackals
 * 2002 New Jersey Jackals

Champions of the Northeast League, 2003–2004
 * 2003 Brockton Rox
 * 2004 New Jersey Jackals

title: Northeast League


text:
Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company

Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. (三菱ガス化学, Mitsubishi Gasu Kagaku, MGC) (tyo: 4182) is a Japanese company.

History
The company was established in 1918 and incorporated in 1951.

Divisions
The company operates five business segments, four producing different types of chemical products. These divisions are natural gas-related chemicals, aromatic-related chemicals, functional chemicals, specialty functional materials and a real estate business. As of March 31, 2012, the Company had 91 subsidiaries and 41 associated companies. The company has a Research and Development Organization. The company organization has a research and development department for each plant that contributes to creating newer and better products by enhancing the quality of current products and technologies.

title: Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company


text:
Jason W. Briggs

Jason William Briggs (June 25, 1821 – January 11, 1899) was a leader in the early history of the Latter Day Saint movement and was instrumental in bringing about the 1860 "Reorganization" of the church, which resulted in the establishment of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

Early membership
Briggs was born on June 25, 1821, in Pompey, New York, to Hugh Lackey Briggs and Polly Briggs (née Damon). In 1841 at Potosi, Wisconsin, he was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by William O. Clark. By 1842, Briggs had been ordained an elder of the church and he organized and became the head of a branch in Beloit, Wisconsin. By 1843, Briggs had organized a second branch in Waukesha, Wisconsin.

In 1844, the movement's founder, Joseph Smith, was killed and a succession crisis ensued. Brigham Young, president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, assumed control of the church's headquarters in Nauvoo, Illinois. Briggs became convinced that Young's organization had fallen into apostasy and by 1846 he and his branches affiliated with James J. Strang, who had organized a new church headquarters in nearby Voree, Wisconsin.

Briggs was a fervent opponent of polygamy, and when Strang began to practice plural marriage openly, Briggs broke with his organization. He affiliated briefly with William Smith's organization of the church before learning that William, too, had been practicing plural marriage.

"New Organization"
After these set-backs, Briggs despaired that the Latter Day Saint movement had irrevocably fallen into iniquity. He later reported that on November 18, 1851, on the prairie near Beloit, he was pondering this concern when the "Spirit of the Lord" came upon him and spoke, saying:
 * Verily, verily, saith the Lord, even Jesus Christ unto his servant, Jason W. Briggs, concerning the church: Behold I have not cast off my people; neither have I changed in regard to Zion. Yea, verily, my people shall be redeemed, and my law shall be kept which I revealed unto my servant Joseph Smith...

According to Briggs, the Lord further explained that "in mine own due time will I call upon the seed of Joseph Smith," (i.e., one of his sons), "and will bring one forth, and he shall be mighty and strong, and he shall preside over the high priesthood of my Church...". And finally, Briggs said the Lord assured him "that which ye received as my celestial law," (i.e., plural marriage), "is not of me, but is the doctrine of Baalam."

After reporting that he received this guidance, Briggs began to coordinate with leaders of branches in Wisconsin and Illinois, including Zenas H. Gurley Sr. who resolved with him to wait for a leader to be raised up "from the seed of Joseph." They began to establish a "New Organization" of the church and Briggs was called to preside over its first conference on June 12, 1852, in Beloit. In 1853, Briggs was called as an apostle and sustained as President of the Quorum of the Twelve and as the "Representative President of the Church."

Important leaders, including William Marks and Aaron Smith (former leader of a Strangite schismatic group), joined the movement.

On April 6, 1860, at a General Conference of the New Organization of the church in Amboy, Illinois, Joseph Smith III joined with the group and was sustained to follow in his father's role as President of the Church.

Disagreements and disfellowship
By 1885, Briggs was out of harmony with Joseph Smith III. Briggs was theological liberal and was aware of "higher criticism" of the Bible being taught at the time in German universities. Like these German scholars, Briggs believed that scripture was contextually understood and that revelation was never a final process, but progressively revealed over time. Such views angered more conservative members. Briggs also attacked the idea of the pre-existence of souls, then a cherished doctrine; he also questioned whether the church should again attempt a gathered community due to the disastrous results in Joseph Smith's lifetime. While many of Joseph Smith III's actual positions mirrored Briggs's thoughts, Briggs presented them more stridently than Smith ever did. Furthermore, Briggs angered Joseph Smith III by his constant reminders that Joseph Smith had practiced polygamy, contrary to what Joseph Smith III believed. In addition, Briggs sparred with Smith over who should be allowed to print their views in the RLDS periodical, the True Latter Day Saints' Herald. At the 1885 RLDS conference, Briggs was not sustained in his position as Apostle and in 1886 he withdrew from the Reorganization. Briggs died on January 11, 1899, near Denver, Colorado.

title: Jason W. Briggs


text: Talk:Walter B. Jones Jr.

title: Talk:Walter B. Jones Jr.


text: User talk:65.50.44.161

title: User talk:65.50.44.161


text:
George Tillman Jr.

George Tillman Jr. (born January 26, 1969) is an American filmmaker.

Tillman directed the films Soul Food (1997) and Men of Honor (2000). He is also the producer of Soul Food: The Series on television and the four films in the Barbershop series: Barbershop, Barbershop 2: Back in Business, Beauty Shop and Barbershop: The Next Cut. He directed the 2009 biopic Notorious, about the late Brooklyn-born rapper The Notorious B.I.G., and directed and produced the drama The Hate U Give (2018).

Tillman was nominated for the Black Film Award for Best Director for Soul Food (1997). Tillman was also nominated for the Black Reel Award for Best Director and Best Screenplay for Notorious (2009).

Early life
Tillman was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. His father, George Tillman, worked at the American Motors plant in Kenosha, Wisconsin, and his mother was a secretary. Throughout his early childhood, Tillman would borrow his father's 8mm camera and would start to shoot things with Milwaukee's Public-access television cable TV channel. By age eight, Tillman got his hands on his very first television script, All My Children, and wrote his first soap opera as well as his first five-minute show. Tillman recalled, years later, to an interviewer in regard to receiving the All My Children's script," I told them about a certain plot change that I wanted and I thought I could help the characters out…That was the beginning for me, the writing."

In 1975, Tillman became inspired to create his own films after seeing the film, Cooley High. To Tillman, Cooley High spoke to the African American audience in both tears and laughter, and Tillman decided he wanted to contribute to that medium, but did not necessarily know if he wanted to become an actor, writer or director. In 1973, when Tillman watched Five on the Black Hand Side and Claudine in 1974, he felt empowered and knew he wanted to become a filmmaker. "Those were the films that made me realize that African American films- this is before they started calling some films of that era Black exploitation films-spoke for us, and I wanted to be involved with that."

Tillman went to John Marshall High School in Milwaukee and he took Mass Communications Magnet Classes. As a teenager, Tillman made amateur videos and created Splice of Life, which was a program for a local Public-access television. After high school, Tillman attended Columbia College in Chicago and majored in Film and Video. Tillman decided to move to Chicago because he thought a lot was happening there creatively. "There is a lot of theater there, and there are a lot of things happening in Chicago that I wanted to be a part of, so that's where I went to film school," according to Tillman. While in film school, he created a 30-minute short, Paula, which was a story of a 17-year-old, single African American mother who works in a diner and motivates the people around her. Paula's success attributed to numerous awards including the Black Filmmaker's Hall of Fame Award "George Tillman Jr.". and winning the Midwest Regional, Dramatic Category, of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences' 19th Annual Student Academy Award competition (1992). In 1991, Tillman graduated from Columbia College and became a part of a directing and producing partnership with his college friend, Robert Teitel. Together, they created Menagerie Films. During that time, Tillman supported himself by being a production assistant. He helped work on various commercials, but he always knew he wanted to direct. "Usually, I was the first guy on the set and the last guy to leave—eighteen hours of hard work. And I just felt like if I want to direct, why am I doing this?" Tillman's only experience of being close to a director was made was when he worked on the film, Mo' Money. The writer of Mo' Money, Damon Wayans told the union that he wanted more African Americans to be a part of the crew, which is the major reason why Tillman got hired. Tillman was a set dresser and was able to see how they made the film. At that point, Tillman realized that if he wanted to direct he had to write his own script to make everything happen. "It was going to be a long road from being a PA (production's assistant) to a director."

Tillman began to write his script for Scenes for the Soul, and sent the script to New Line, but they passed on it. Initially, the budget to produce Scenes for the Soul was a million dollars, but Tillman and his partner, Tietel, could not raise a million. The amount they had raised was $150,000 and that was over a period of two years. Tillman had to resort to his film short, Paula, and decided to have a screening. He invited investors to come donate from anything to $500 to $5,000. By the end of the screening, Tillman and Tietel raised $130,000 and with that, started shooting.

Scenes for the Soul
In 1994, Tillman directed and wrote his own feature-length film, Scenes for the Soul, which was shot in Chicago. Tillman had thirty days to shoot the film and on top of that, work with a lot of actors who never acted before. In Scenes for the Soul, Tillman intertwines three stories based on the day in the life of a diverse group of African American characters. In 1995, Tillman finished editing the film. Upon completion, Tillman went to Hollywood with the copy of Scenes for the Soul and a few hundred dollars. Tillman was able to sell his film to George Jackson and Doug McHenry who bought it for Savoy Pictures for $1,000,000. However, Savoy Pictures went bankrupt before the film went out in theaters.

Soul Food
Tillman, disappointed that his film did not make it to screen, went to Chicago and wrote the screenplay to Soul Food. Tillman told the Chicago Tribune, "I wanted to make a movie about a black family in Middle America. I wanted to make a film where everyone can look at them and say, 'this is my family.'" When Tillman finished his screenplay, he returned to Hollywood. Tillman made sure to focus on female characters and tell a humble story about the importance of family.

When it was time for Tillman's agents to sell the script, they marketed it as an independently produced and low-budget project and asked the musician, Kenneth Edmonds, if he would want to contribute and record a soundtrack album. At the same time of requesting his musical talents, Edmonds and his wife/business partner, Tracey Edmonds, had recently formed a television and film development company. Both Kenneth and Tracey Edmonds loved Tillman's screenplay so much that they decide to make Soul Food their company's first production. Edmonds stated that "I read the script and just immediately went crazy over it. The story was so great and the characters were so real."

The Edmonds' were able to negotiate with 20th Century Fox to underwrite the film for $6.5 million. In the beginning, 20th Century Fox wanted to have a more experienced director, but the studio changed their decision once they viewed some of Tillman's past work. In October 1996, the filming of Soul Food began to commence as Kenneth Edmonds served as the executive producer, and both Tracey Edmonds and Robert Teitel were the producers. Originally, 20th Century Fox would have wanted to have more pre-production work and start the actual filming sometime during 1997, but the leading actresses—Vivica A. Fox, Vanessa L. Williams, and Nia Long- had other obligations they had to attend to, which made them unavailable for the next year. Tracey Edmonds was concerned about not having the same cast, so the production settled on "a schedule to accommodate everybody. We had only 38 days to shoot the movie and could not go a day over that." Due to Tillman's persistence, Soul Food's location took place in Chicago.

Tillman was pleased with the Edmonds' efforts in the film's production, stating "I was able to bounce a lot of ideas off of them. They were there every day to see what was going on, but they didn't interfere with what I was doing. They let me make the film."

On November 6, 1996, the production of Soul Food began on a thirty-day schedule. Tillman finished the film on schedule because he already had so much of the big ideas worked out in advance. Tillman told Murray during an interview, "I knew all the shots. I knew the locations…It was pretty much based on my experiences, so it wasn't hard for me."

Soul Food is originated from Tillman's passion to make a motivating and straight from the heart story about a modern African American family. It is based around three sisters that live in Chicago—Maxine (Vivica A. Fox), a full-time house wife and mother; Teri (Vanessa L. Williams), a strong willed attorney who pays little to no attention to her own personal life; and Bird (Nia Long), a hairdresser that is married to an ex-convict. When find out their mother is put in a hospital and their traditional big Sunday dinner is put on pause, the sisters struggle to keep their family together. Tillman was able to incorporate a lasting impression on the audience while touching on the big ideas of family tradition and bonds. According to Ty Burr of Entertainment Weekly in referencing Soul Food, "George Tillman Jr. writes and directs with homespun style and a minimum of flash, reminding us that behind a lot of clichés lie simple truths."

In September 1997, Soul Food reached theaters and earned $11 million during its first weekend. $14 million was earned by the end of its first week, which validated Tillman's success because the film received twice the amount it originally cost to make. Tillman later told Murray, "the shows were sold out, people were laughing, crying, it was just incredible." The grand total from Soul Food's release was $43 million and it also thrived in video sales. Initially, it was hoped that Soul Food would be able to attract white moviegoers, especially after all the success from the first week, but it did not work out that way. After learning that only 12 percent of the film's ticket buyers were white, Tillman stated "I do feel sometimes that white audiences are still not coming to black films as much as I would like. I think we're still working on that. But I'm really comfortable with where the film ended up." However, even with the lack of white supporters, it proved that African American audiences are able to make a film a commercial success. According to Jack Trout, president of Trout & Partners, in regard to black audiences, "this segment is really sizable, and Hollywood is just starting to recognize that."

Due to Soul Food's astonishing success, Tillman and Teitel signed a two-year deal with 20th Century Fox and changed their production company's name from Menagerie Films to State Street Pictures, which was their way of paying tribute to the early film years taken place in Chicago.

Tillman received offers to start a new project starring Steve Martin, and to create biographical films based on African American figures such as Dorothy Dandridge, Marvin Gaye, and Richard Pryor. Tillman told Murray in an interview, "I love Marvin Gaye..there's something about him and his struggle that I think will make a great film. It's so interesting to see how someone was so very talented and at the same time so very insecure." In regard to Tillman's next big upcoming film, he is going to base a film on the heroic story of Carl M. Brashear—the U. S. Navy's first African American master deep sear diver. It is a project that Tillman envisions to be similar to popular classics such as An Officer and a Gentleman and Glory. Tillman told Painter, "I love characters people can identify with and relate to—characters that go through struggles we can learn from in our everyday lives. I feel that with a lot of films today, we're getting away from that."

Men of Honor
Tillman's next big hit was his film, Men of Honor, starring Robert De Niro, and Cuba Gooding Jr. Tillman was inspired to do this film after seeing F. Gary Gray in The Negotiator (1998) because he realized there were little to no opportunities for African American directors to work with big time stars and he wanted to change that. When Tillman first got his hands on the script while he was editing Soul Food, he was very impressed by it. "I think a great script is when you have a great other world—a world that other people can explore and other people don't know about—and that script had that."

It was Tillman's first time experience being an African American director "working in a white film world." When working with De Niro and Gooding, Tillman felt a bit intimidated because he knew both were big stars. He knew De Niro could take up to fifty takes and knew from his research that he looks to the director to possess all the answers. "I remember I called him one day and I said, 'Bob, I wanna know how you like to work on a set because I wanna make it easy for you.' And he told me, 'I like what you did with Soul Food, you won't have any problems with me,'" according to Tillman. In regard to Gooding, he knew that he always had to know the back-story to his character. Tillman enjoyed what Gooding presented in his first film, Boyz n the Hood, and wanted to incorporate that persona. Tillman really had to do his research on both actors in order to achieve the direction he was going for in the film. "It all depends on a person, on an actor, and it's my job to figure those things out."

Tillman's transition between Soul Food and Men of Honor was challenging. Tillman was not used to all the visual effects that Men of Honor possessed. He also had a problem dealing with the crew because he felt that he had to prove himself. "Right away you have to let everyone know that you know what you're doing. That has to be done right away," Tillman said. The second hardest part for Tillman was shooting everything in a specific number of days. "There were times when I was shooting four and five scenes a day, because they try to put so much in the schedule." Tillman knew there was a lot to be done especially since the film cost $32 million to produce. Tillman also had to take into account of shooting under water and on top of the water. However, Tillman prevailed through all the obstacles came out proud with the overall product.

On November 10, 2000, Men of Honor was released in theaters. Men of Honor turned out to be a success especially oversees. The film generated $85 million.

Barbershop
While Tillman was editing Men of Honor, his producing partner Robert Teitel presented him with the Barbershop script, written by Mark Brown. Both Tillman and Teitel instantly knew that Barbershop was going to be comical yet hit an emotional chord with the audience. Barbershop stars Ice Cube, Anthony Anderson, and Cedric the Entertainer, and it is based on the social life of a South Side of Chicago Barbershop. The film also has three original songs by the famous R&B singer, Sherod Lindsey.

Tillman and Teitel took the script to Twentieth Century Fox, but they failed to pass it because they were not satisfied with the script. The same was said with Fox 2000 and Fox Searchlight. A bit discouraged, the two went to MGM due to one of the executive of Men of Honor, Alex Gardner, and they bought it.

In 2001, Barbershop began filming in Chicago. The film was located in the South Chicago community area and what was once a laundromat, was now the set for the barbershop. In comparison to Soul Food, which was made in 1997, Tillman still strived to show African Americans in a more positive outlook.

In regard to marketing the film, MGM spent $12 million in marketing alone because the company knew how important and effective it would be. According to Tillman, "if a studio get behind an African American film, which has universal themes, and markets it like any other movie, you can make a lot of money." Both Tillman and Robert made sure to be involved with the marketing scheme because they wanted to make sure that the film was delivered as a heartfelt yet comical piece.

On September 13, 2002, Barbershop was released in theaters and made a grand total of $77, 063, 924.

The Longest Ride
Tillman directed the 2015 romantic drama The Longest Ride, based on Nicholas Sparks' 2013 novel of the same name.

More recently, his production company State Street Pictures, signed a first look deal with Sony Pictures Television.

Personal life
Tillman is married to actress Marcia Wright.

Producer only

 * Barbershop (2002)
 * Barbershop 2: Back in Business (2004)
 * Beauty Shop (2005)
 * Roll Bounce (2005)
 * Nothing Like the Holidays (2008)
 * Barbershop: The Next Cut (2016)

title: George Tillman Jr.


text:
User:Sk89q

Hello there.

I usually make small edits, and I usually don't bother to login for most of my edits. That is all.

title: User:Sk89q


text:
Talk:Neandertal (valley)

see also Talk:Neanderthal

I killed the redirect to Talk:Neanderthal, because this is the discussion of Neandertal which is a valley. This is different from Neanderthal which is a species. -- 84.132.67.2 (talk) 15:11, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, there should be a suggestiong-redirection, since the similarity to the names, as well as the relatively unknown name change.Stormfin (talk) 01:05, 22 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Done. --64.149.41.61 (talk) 20:28, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

Why is there a commercial for a book on this page? Freelunch (talk) 15:14, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

Language use
"There are questions about if these remains are of the Neandertals? In these excavations like I mentioned earlier two cranial pieces were found one, a left zygomatic and partial body and second, a right piece of temporal bone. These pieces have been seen as a perfect fit to the Neandertal 1 calotte. Although these pieces are not specifically from the Neandertals. These findings may or may not be relatable to the Neandertals but have similar characteristics to them." - Poor language and written from a first-person point of view. 83.250.244.66 (talk) 10:56, 17 September 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Neandertal (valley)


text:
ARP Odyssey

The ARP Odyssey is an analog synthesizer introduced by ARP Instruments in 1972.

History
ARP developed the Odyssey as a direct competitor to the Moog Minimoog and an answer to the demand for more affordable, portable, and less complicated "performance" synthesizers.

ARP produced several versions of the Odyssey from 1972 to 1980. In early 2015, Korg reissued the Odyssey in cooperation with the original designer and ARP co-founder, David Friend.

Design
The Odyssey is a two-oscillator analog synthesizer, and one of the first with duophonic capabilities (the ability to play two notes at the same time). All parameters, including a resonant low-pass filter, a non-resonant high-pass filter, ADSR and AR envelopes, a sine and square wave LFO, and a sample-and-hold function are controllable with sliders and switches on the front panel.

Features

 * Switchable between sawtooth, square, and pulse waveforms with oscillator sync, a "ring modulator", and pink or white noise. (As with the Korg MS-20, the "ring modulator" is actually a logical exclusive-OR between the two VCOs' pulse waves. )

 * Pulse-width can be modulated manually or with the LFO or the ADSR envelope generator. There is a (static) high-pass filter, as well as a voltage controlled low-pass self-oscillating filter.
 * The filter can be controlled by either of the two envelope generators, an ADSR (attack, decay, sustain, release) and a simple AR (attack, release) and modulated by the LFO, sample-and-hold, the keyboard, or a separate CV (pedal) input on the back panel.
 * The Sample/Hold input mixer can be used to route the output of the VCOs to the FM input of VCO 2 and the VCF, enabling audio frequency FM.

Odyssey Mk I (Model 2800)

ARP Odysseys produced between 1972 and 1975, referred to as Mk I, were white-faced Odysseys that used a 2-pole voltage-controlled filter, which were similar to Oberheim SEM modules. Some late models used a black and gold color scheme and include CV/gate jacks like the later Mk II's. These earlier units contained a greater number of internal adjustments and were slightly more difficult to calibrate.

Odyssey Mk II (Model 2810-2815)

Odyssey Mk II's were produced between 1975 and 1978. They are largely similar to Mk I's; the main differences are the use of the black and gold color scheme and the inclusion of CV/gate in all models. These models also use a four-pole VCF, which were similar in design to Moog's four-pole filter. Subsequent models, however, use a different four-pole low-pass filter designed by ARP, the 4075 filter. A later filter with a similar design, the 4072, was used in the 2600, Omni, Axxe, Solus, and other ARP instruments.

Odyssey Mk III (Model 2820-2823)
Odyssey Mk III was introduced in 1978, with a redesigned chassis and orange-on-black color scheme consistent with other contemporary ARP instruments. The Mk III featured ARP's new four-pole "4075" filter, and have an unbalanced XLR output in addition to unbalanced 1/4" outputs. The rotary knob-controlled pitch bend featured on the Mk I and Mk II models was replaced by proportional pitch control (PPC), which utilized 3 pressure-sensitive buttons to control bend up, bend down, and vibrato. ARP included PPC on other instruments, and also offered a kit to add PPC to earlier Odyssey synthesizers.

Production of the Odyssey Mk III ceased when ARP Instruments declared bankruptcy in 1981.

Software emulations
In 2002, GForce Software released Oddity, a software synthesizer version of the ARP Odyssey, with additional features like a sub oscillator and increased modulation options offered by X-LFO and X-ADSR.

On Nov 1, 2016 Korg announced the ARP ODYSSEi app for iOS.

Korg ARP Odyssey

The ARP Odyssey was reissued by Korg in 2015. 86% of the size of the ARP's original Odyssey with a "slim keys" keyboard, the analog signal path of Korg's reissue is similar to the original, with several updates like MIDI input and USB MIDI connectivity, a separate headphone output and balanced XLR output, and a "drive" switch to add distortion to the voltage-controlled amplifier. Korg released Mark I and Mark II color schemes as limited editions, with the Mark III color scheme as the standard model. All three versions included the three filter circuits from the original Odyssey models, with the ability to switch between them. All models also featured the ability to switch between two portamento behaviors from the original models.

Korg later released an ARP Odyssey Module, consisting of the synthesizer and controls without the keyboard. Korg's ARP Odyssey Module features minor MIDI implementation improvements.

A limited edition, full-size reproduction of the original ARP Odyssey was released by Korg in all three classic color schemes as the ARP Odyssey FS.

Behringer Odyssey
In August 2019, Behringer released its own version of the Odyssey. Utilizing the orange-on-black color scheme of ARP's Odyssey Mark III, the Behringer Odyssey features a full-size 37-key keyboard and all three versions of the filter from the original ARP Odyssey models. Additional features not found on the original include MIDI, digital effects, a 32-step sequencer, and arpeggiator.

title: ARP Odyssey


text:
Roma Maffia

Roma Maffia (born May 31, 1958) is an American actress. Best known for Grace Alvarez on Profiler (1996-2000) and Liz Cruz on Nip/Tuck (2003–2010).

Life and career
Roma Maffia grew up in Brooklyn, New York and is of mixed English, German and West Indian descent. Her Italian surname reportedly comes from her stepfather.

Maffia is a 1973 graduate of St. Michael Academy. She began her official acting career in off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions. In 1994, she played Carmen in director Ron Howard's film The Paper. Soon after, she landed a role on the television series Chicago Hope. Maffia's television career continued as she played Grace Alvarez, the forensic pathologist for the Violent Crimes Task Force for four seasons on Profiler. She has had guest-starring and recurring roles on shows such as ER, The West Wing, and Law & Order.

Her most widely seen performances may be playing Seattle attorney Catherine Alvarez in the 1994 film Disclosure, starring Michael Douglas and Demi Moore. She followed this with a series of performances as Vanessa Galiano in the TV series Law & Order and as Judge Victoria Peyton on Boston Legal.

From 2003 until 2010, Maffia appeared as Liz Cruz on the FX Network series Nip/Tuck, the anesthesiologist colleague of two dysfunctional plastic surgeons. Maffia and Julian McMahon also worked together on the TV show Profiler. She had a supporting role on Pretty Little Liars from seasons 4 to 7. Her character, Linda Tanner, is a savvy, no-nonsense state investigator working on unsolved murder cases in the fictional town of Rosewood, Pennsylvania.

In 2012, Roma appeared in several episodes of Grey's Anatomy. She appeared in Season 4 of In the Dark as Paula Romano, a drug dealer who deals a drug called "Bolt" both in and out of prison.

title: Roma Maffia


text:
Category:Minneapolis Lakers players

This is a list of basketball players who played with the Minneapolis Lakers, which later relocated and became the Los Angeles Lakers. Players who competed for the Minneapolis Lakers at any point during their time in the NBL, BAA, or NBA are included.

title: Category:Minneapolis Lakers players


text: User talk:66.75.243.128

title: User talk:66.75.243.128


text:
Zenas H. Gurley Sr.

Zenas Hovey Gurley Sr. (May 29, 1801 – August 28, 1871) was a leader in the history of the Latter Day Saint movement. He was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints on April 1, 1838, and became an elder soon thereafter. By the death of Joseph Smith in 1844, Gurley had been ordained a seventy.

Beginning in 1849, Gurley led a branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) in Yellowstone, Wisconsin, in the early years after the succession crisis. In 1852, Gurley broke with James Strang over the issue of plural marriage and was eventually excommunicated from Strang's church.

Along with Jason W. Briggs, Gurley became an important early leader of the "New Organization" of the church that developed in the Midwest in the 1850s. In 1853, he was called as an apostle in the New Organization, which is today known as the Community of Christ. Along with William Marks, Gurley ordained Joseph Smith III as President of the Church in 1860.

Gurley's son Zenas H. Gurley Jr. was called as an RLDS Church apostle in 1873.

title: Zenas H. Gurley Sr.


text:
Noman Çelebicihan

Noman Çelebicihan (, Numan Çelebicihan; 1885 – 23 February 1918) was a Crimean Tatar politician, lawyer, mufti of Crimean Muslims, and writer. He was the President of the short-lived independent Crimean People's Republic, established on November 26 (December 9 under the Gregorian Calendar), 1917. He is known for having written the poem "Ant etkenmen" ("I've pledged"), which became the Crimean Tatar national anthem. His early death at the hands of Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War is still commemorated in the Crimean Tatar nation.

Biography
Noman Çelebicihan was born in 1885, in the village of Büyük Sonaq, in Chonhar region of Crimea near the present-day city of Dzhankoy. Today the village does not exist and in 1948–68 was known as Chirik village within the Zavet Lenin rural council.

His father's name was İbraim Çelebi, a member of a well-to-do Crimean Tatar family. His mother also was from a well-to-do family, daughter of Cihanşah Çelebi. He received his early education in his village. Afterwards, due to lack of opportunity, Çelebicihan was sent to Gülümbey Medrese, one of the well known madrassas of that time, with the help of his uncles. Later on he was sent to Constantinople to further his education.

Noman Çelebicihan arrived in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire in 1908. He attended Vefa Lisesi (High School) and later Law School. He resided in Karagümrük section of Constantinople where a small group of Crimean Tatar students lived. One of the first organizations he founded, while a student in Constantinople, was "Yaş Tatar Yazıcılar Cıyını" (Young Tatar Writers' Association). He founded this association with his friend Abibulla Temircan in 1910 and published his first literary works such as Qarılğaçlar Duası (Swallows' Prayer), Altın Yarıq (Golden Light) and Şiirler Cönkü (Collection of Poems). He was one of the original founders of "Crimean Tatar Student Association" and also "Vatan" (Homeland), which became the seed for the political organization Milliy Fırqa (National Party) to carry on the independent movement in Crimea during the most turbulent period in its history.

After graduating from Law School, Çelebicihan returned to Crimea to get involved in the independence movement, and was elected to represent the Or region of Crimea in the Crimean Tatar Qurultay. He was one of the most popular delegates because of his young age and education he received in Istanbul. In 1917 he founded the Milliy Fırqa and later that year, during the opening of the Qurultay on 26 November 1917, Noman Çelebicihan was elected the first president of the young Crimean Republic.

Çelebicihan was not only the president of the independent Crimean People's Republic and Mufti of Crimea, Lithuania and Poland. He was also a poet and writer. In addition to his aforementioned works, his poems such as Ant Etkenmen (I've Pledged), Bastırıq (Prison), Ay gidi... (Oh for...), Savlıqman Qal Tatarlıq! (Farewell Tatarness!), Yolcu Ğarip (Poor Traveler), and Tilkiden Selâm (Greetings from the Fox) are his most popular poems. Ant Etkenmen became the lyrics of the Crimean Tatar national anthem, and according to Şevqiy Bektöre (another Crimean Tatar poet), "...was sung for the first time during the historic Qurultay (1917)..." His most memorable poem, however, is Savlıqman Qal Tatarlıq!, which he scribbled on the walls of Simferopol train station on his way to report to military service during World War I.

In January 1918, barely two months after he was elected to lead his nation at the Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar people, the Bolshevik forces invaded Crimea. He was arrested and imprisoned in Sevastopol. On 23 February, a firing squad of the Black Sea Fleet executed him and unceremoniously threw his body into the sea without affording him a proper Islamic burial.

He is still remembered today as a hero among Crimean Tatars. The Noman Çelebicihan Battalion is named after him.

title: Noman Çelebicihan


text:
America Star Books

America Star Books, formerly PublishAmerica, is a Maryland-based print-on-demand book publisher founded in 1999 by Lawrence Alvin "Larry" Clopper III and Willem Meiners. Some writers and authors' advocates have accused the company of being a vanity press while representing itself as a "traditional publisher". It changed its name in 2014, and since 2017 it has stopped accepting new authors.

PublishAtlantica was an imprint of PublishAmerica. PublishAtlantica was headquartered in the UK in Milton Keynes. It was formerly PublishBritannica before a lawsuit from Encyclopædia Britannica. PublishIcelandica was another imprint of PublishAmerica. According to a letter from PublishAmerica in 2006, neither imprint is active.

History
, the executive director of PublishAmerica was Miranda N. Prather. In 2004, Prather said that 80% of authors who submitted manuscripts to the house were rejected, and that the house had "30 full-time editors" with plans to expand. She refused to identify the CEO of PublishAmerica. In 2005, the company had 70 full-time employees of various functions.

In 2004, PublishAmerica published small runs of over 4,800 titles. In 2005, the company had approximately 11,000 authors under contract.

In June 2005, PublishAmerica identified Willem Meiners as "PublishAmerica CEO" and Clopper as "company president".

In August 2005, PublishAmerica was sued by Encyclopædia Britannica for trademark violation over PublishAmerica's PublishBritannica imprint. The matter was settled out of court, with PublishAmerica agreeing to stop using the "PublishBritannica" name. However, PublishAmerica continued to use the website address on letterhead as late as 2008.

In late September 2005, PublishAmerica announced its books would be returnable by the bookseller if they failed to sell, a standard practice among other commercial publishers. The announcement stated that this applied to "all" of its books, though it noted that there would be "a few exceptions initially" and that the offer would apply to United States booksellers only. In 2009 PA's site said that "many of our books are returnable."

Prather left PublishAmerica (renamed America Star Books) in 2016.

Criticism
PA pays advance fees of US$1–$1,000 to its authors, provides minimal editing, and provides few of the services handled by trade publishing, such as retail distribution, marketing and media relations. Disgruntled authors told Publishers Weekly that PA did not pay royalties owed to them, sold books it no longer had any rights to sell, set unreasonably high list prices and lower-than-average discounts for authors to buy their own books, and either neglected or failed to place books into bookstores.

PublishAmerica's Prather stated that book prices reflected "what the market would bear" and that "we don't control the bookstores in the country." Other PublishAmerica authors have spoken out in support of the publisher, denying it is a vanity press and highlighting the opportunities it gives to unpublished authors.

Acceptance of hoax manuscripts
In an attempt to demonstrate a lack of editorial oversight at PublishAmerica, several authors have written "sting" manuscripts. For instance, in December 2004, PublishAmerica agreed to publish the novel Atlanta Nights, which was later revealed to be a deliberately badly written hoax, featuring every "bad writing" trope the authors could conceive of and one chapter randomly generated by a computer. PublishAmerica also accepted another author's manuscript that featured the same 30 pages repeated ten times.

2005 arbitration case
In December 2005, PublishAmerica author Philip Dolan, who had spent between US$7,000 and $13,000 promoting his book, learned that no book stores were able to order copies of it.

He took PublishAmerica to arbitration for breach of contract. Dolan also alleged accounting irregularities: despite a clause in his contract allowing him to inspect PublishAmerica's accounts, his accountant was denied access. Dolan received royalties for fewer copies of his book than he was able to account for having sold himself. He was awarded an unspecified amount in compensation for PublishAmerica's breach of contract, and his contract was rescinded.

Lawsuit
In June 2012, a class action lawsuit was filed in Maryland District federal court against PublishAmerica LLLP, by plaintiffs Darla Yoos, Edwin McCall, and Kerry Levine.

New name
In January 2014, PublishAmerica changed its name to America Star Books. In 2017, America Star Books became ASB Promotions and ceased accepting new authors.

title: America Star Books


text: User talk:67.180.114.81

title: User talk:67.180.114.81


text:
Talk:.so

Page move
(from WP:RM)

.so (domain name) → .so
See .au discussion below. -- Netoholic @ 22:03, 2005 Feb 8 (UTC) --75.57.141.227 23:59, 1 May 2007 (UTC)--75.57.141.227 23:59, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Support --Tony Sidaway|Talk 21:07, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, there's no reason to redirect ".so" to "SO" when there's a perfectly legit article for ".so". Cburnett 07:36, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

ml.org
I can't see what the paragraph about ml.org has to do with the .so TLD. I suggest that it should be deleted unless the owner can come up with some kind of relationship. Sfgreenwood 09:07, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

 * You're joking, I presume. Look at the whois - the .so TLD is still under the control of the defunct ml.org - aka Monolith Innovations. That's why it's down. So yes, it has a very clear relationship, sadly. --205.150.76.42 22:27, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

This is currently not true. It has three DNS servers per the root DNS: so. 172800 IN      NS      NS1.GRANITECANYON.COM. so. 172800 IN      NS      NS2.GRANITECANYON.COM. so. 172800 IN      NS      MERCURY.ML.ORG. NS1.GRANITECANYON.COM. 172800 IN      A       205.166.226.38 NS2.GRANITECANYON.COM. 172800 IN      A       69.67.108.10 MERCURY.ML.ORG. 172800 IN      A       209.68.0.85

mercury.ml.org currently responds to .so requests with a "refused" error, ns1.granitecanyon.com does not know about .so, and ns2.granitecanyon.com does not respond to any request. Jqrt 17:28, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

 * The DNS listed on ml.org's registration finds no such machine as "mercury.ml.org" - I tried them all... --66.102.80.239 05:24, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

nic.so still exists
The page at nic.so still exists, the article needs to be updated to reflect this. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.224.100.113 (talk) 19:00, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * At the moment, every domain name server for *.so is unusable, except for mercury.ml.org which has been unreliable at best. By all means, be italic in editing pages to add any new information, but .so does not look promising at the moment. --66.102.80.212 (talk) 22:39, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 9 one external links on .so. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.iana.org/root-whois/so.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071023161720/http://www.iana.org/root-whois/so.htm to http://www.iana.org/root-whois/so.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.ml.org/ml/about/projects.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.ml.org/status.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.ml.org/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.nic.so/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.nic.so/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20001024003521/http://www.nic.so/ to http://www.nic.so/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071023161720/http://www.iana.org/root-whois/so.htm to http://www.iana.org/root-whois/so.htm

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:30, 8 September 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:.so


text:
Belgrave Square

Belgrave Square is a large 19th-century garden square in London. It is the centrepiece of Belgravia, and its architecture resembles the original scheme of property contractor Thomas Cubitt who engaged George Basevi for all of the terraces for the 2nd Earl Grosvenor, later the 1st Marquess of Westminster, in the 1820s. Most of the houses were occupied by 1840. The square takes its name from one of the Duke of Westminster's subsidiary titles, Viscount Belgrave. The village and former manor house of Belgrave, Cheshire, were among the rural landholdings associated with the main home and gardens of the senior branch of the family, Eaton Hall. Today, many embassies occupy buildings on all four sides.

History
The square is perfectly 650 ft across, inclusive of small porch projections. The square is surrounded by four terraces, three of eleven houses and the fourth (south-east) of twelve. These houses are all white stucco except for the cream-coloured projecting corner houses. In addition there are detached mansion houses in three of the corners, and a private central garden.

Numbering is anticlockwise from the north: NW terrace, No.s1 to 11; west corner mansion, No.12; SW terrace, No.s13 to 23; south corner mansion, No.24; SE terrace. No.s25 to 36; east corner mansion, No.37; NE terrace No.s38 to 48. The slightly later north corner mansion No.49 was drawn up by Cubitt (not to be confused with his son George, another architect, ennobled as Lord Ashcombe) for Sidney Herbert in 1851.

The terraces were designed by George Basevi. The largest corner mansion, No.37 (Seaford House), was designed by Philip Hardwick. No.12 was designed by Robert Smirke. The square features statues of Christopher Columbus, Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, Prince Henry the Navigator and the 1st Marquess of Westminster, a bust of George Basevi, and a sculpture entitled Homage to Leonardo by Italian sculptor Enzo Plazzotta.

From its construction until the Second World War the square saw building rentals and longer leases by the upper echelons of capitalists seeking further influence, status or socialising in the capital. Such success was immediate. This was encapsulated by the decision of another of London's leading freeholders and estate planners, the Duke of Bedford, to choose No.6 as London accommodation rather than any house on his own Bloomsbury estate, which had lost its aristocratic cachet.

The square has included embassies since its first century, including the German Embassy, which occupies three houses on the west side. During the Second World War the square was used as a tank park; most of the houses were afterwards converted into offices for charities and institutes. The 21st century has seen more domestic leases granted, such as three by the Grosvenor Estate in 2004.

Grade I
The buildings on the square are listed. In this highest category are:
 * the Spanish Embassy, formerly Downshire House, at No.24,
 * No.s1–11
 * No.12
 * No.s13–23
 * No.s25–36
 * No.s38–48 are listed Grade I.

Grade II*

 * No.49
 * No.37 (Seaford House)
 * Railings and gate piers of No.s12, 24 and 49.

Grade II

 * No.11a is listed Grade II.

Individual properties
1 Belgrave Square was the official residence of the Ambassadors of Romania from 1936 to 2005. The building has continued to host events for the Embassy since 2006, and is also headquarters of the Romanian Cultural Institute in London.

2 Belgrave Square was first leased (c. 1829) to James Goding, whose Lion Brewery on the south bank of the River Thames was denoted by the iconic South Bank Lion and Twickenham Stadium Lion. Later residents included James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn, Edward Balfour and Nathaniel Clayton. In the 20th century, the house was purchased by the British soldier and politician Ernest George Pretyman and his wife, Lady Beatrice, daughter of George Bridgeman, 4th Earl of Bradford. In 1935, after Pretyman's death, it was sold to Grace, Lady Dance. On 12 May 1953, it was reopened by the Duke of Gloucester as the base of the Hispanic and Luso-Brazilian Council, which remained until it moved to 14-15 Belgrave Square in 2013. Since 2021, it has become the residence to Lalit Modi the former Chairman of the Indian Premier League.

3 Belgrave Square was the London home of the Duke of Kent; in 1935, it was the birthplace of the current Duke, and in the following year that of Princess Alexandra.

4 Belgrave Square was the home of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Charles Ogle.

5 Belgrave Square was the home of Sir George Murray, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, until he died there in 1846; Chips Channon from 1935 to 1958; and later housed the Institute of Directors, followed by the British Plastics Federation.

10 Belgrave Square was the London home of William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire.

11 Belgrave Square serves as the Embassy of Portugal.

12 Belgrave Square was the home of Gilbert Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby, 1st Earl of Ancaster.

13 Belgrave Square was the home of William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp. It was also used by the St John Ambulance Brigade as a base during the First World War.

16 Belgrave Square was the home for many years of geographer and geologist Sir Roderick Impey Murchison and his wife, geologist Charlotte Murchison; it was later home to Charles Henry Crompton-Roberts.

17 Belgrave Square was the base of the Royal College of Psychiatrists until the college relocated in October 2013, and was home to two MPs, Sir Ralph Howard and Pandeli Ralli. Leontine, Lady Sassoon was in residence from 1929 to 1952. She is said to have held parties for soldiers during the Second World War, while part of the property was used as a Red Cross supply depot. No.17 was taken over by the Institute of Metals in 1956; the college arrived in 1974.

18 Belgrave Square has been the home of the Austrian Embassy since 1866. It is the only building of those used by the Austro-Hungarian Empire's Foreign Service that is still used today by diplomats of the Republic of Austria. Between 1846 and 1851, it was inhabited by Sir Francis Egerton (born Leveson-Gower), the 1st Earl of Ellesmere, and his family. Owing to the rebuilding of Cleveland House in St. James's, which would be renamed Bridgewater House, the Earl was also forced to house his famed "Bridgewater Collection of Pictures" here, using bedrooms, dining rooms, hallways, etc. The collection reopened to the public once it moved back to Bridgewater House in 1851.

19–20 Belgrave Square houses the Bruneian High Commission. Previously, No. 20 was the London home of the 9th Baron Barnard.

21–23 Belgrave Square has been the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany since 1955. The buildings were leased for 99 years in 1953, and converted into a combined property.

24 Belgrave Square is now the Embassy of Spain. In the early part of the 20th century, it was known as Downshire House and was the London residence of Lord and Lady Pirrie. Lord Pirrie was the chairman of Harland & Wolff, a leading shipbuilding firm located in Belfast, Ireland. One evening in July 1907, the Pirries hosted J. Bruce Ismay and his wife Florence for dinner. Ismay was the managing director of White Star Line, one of the main shipping lines of the North Atlantic. Harland and Wolff constructed all of White Star's vessels, with their main rival being Cunard Line. Cunard's newest vessel, the RMS Lusitania, the largest ship in the world, was just two months before entering service. Pirrie and Ismay discussed the new ships during the dinner, and how to respond to their competition. Their discussions led to the original propositions behind the construction of the newest and the then largest class of ocean liner in the world. The names of these new ocean liners would be RMS Olympic, RMS Titanic and.

25 Belgrave Square has been the Embassy of Norway since 1949.

28 Belgrave Square was the home of Robert Carew, 3rd Baron Carew, who died there on 29 April 1923. It is now the home of the Embassy of the Republic of Serbia.

29 Belgrave Square is where Sir Winston Churchill received his first cabinet appointment in 1906, from the Prime Minister at that time, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.

31 Belgrave Square was the home of the Royal Automobile Club Motor Sports Association and the Speedway Control Board.

32 Belgrave Square was an overseas residence of Heidi Horten.

33 Belgrave Square was home to the banker Maurice Ruffer, and later to the Spiritualist Association of Great Britain.

34 Belgrave Square served as the embassy of the German Democratic Republic until German reunification in 1990. It currently houses the British-German Association.

36 Belgrave Square, known as Ingestre House, was leased by Queen Victoria as a home for her mother, the widowed Duchess of Kent.

37 Belgrave Square, now known as Seaford House, was built in 1842 by Philip Hardwick for the Earl of Sefton. In 1902, the house was remodelled for Lord Howard de Walden (who was also Baron Seaford). It is now the home of the Royal College of Defence Studies.

38 Belgrave Square was the home of Bruce Wasserstein.

43 Belgrave Square has been the Embassy of Turkey since 1954. In the early part of the 20th century, it was the London home of the Earls of Harewood.

45 Belgrave Square was the home of Caroline Beresford, Duchess of Montrose (1818–1894), who used the pseudonym "Mr Manton", also of Sefton Lodge, Newmarket, a notable racehorse owner, a "wildly extravagant woman" who "strode across the racing scene". It is now the Malaysian High Commission. It featured in the 1954 film The Million Pound Note, as the spot where the actor Gregory Peck lost the note in the wind.

48 Belgrave Square serves as the residence of the Mexican ambassador.

49 Belgrave Square, also known as Herbert House, was the home of Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea, and then Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond. It is currently the residence of the Argentine ambassador.

Gardens
The private communal garden is 2 ha in size and contains mature plane, chestnut and lime trees, and various shrubs. Its gravel walks were laid in 1854, with privet hedges planted around its perimeter. Wooden pergolas and shelters stand within, and it features a tennis court. The garden is listed Grade II on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Sculptures in the gardens include Statue of Christopher Columbus, Statue of Prince Henry the Navigator, Statue of Simón Bolívar, Statue of José de San Martín, Homage to Leonardo, and a bust of George Basevi.

21st-century tenants
The square is primarily a centre for embassies and institutions.

 * Romanian Cultural Institute section of the Embassy of Romania, at No.1
 * Oleg Deripaska, at No.5
 * The Embassy of Syria, at No.8
 * The Official Residence of the Ambassador of Kuwait, at No.11A
 * The Embassy of Portugal, at No.s11-12
 * The High Commission of Ghana, at No.13
 * The Society of Chemical Industry, at No.s14–15
 * Canning House, The Hispanic & Luso-Brazilian Council, at No.s14-15
 * The Country Land and Business Association, at No.16
 * The Official Residence of the Austrian Ambassador, at No.18
 * The Bruneian High Commission, at No.s19–20
 * The Embassy of Germany, at No.s(21)–23
 * The Embassy of Spain, at No.24
 * The Royal Norwegian Embassy, at No.25
 * The Embassy of Serbia, at No.28
 * The Saudi Cultural Bureau, at No.29
 * The Embassy of Bahrain, at No.30
 * Henadiy Boholyubov of Privat Group, at No.31
 * The British-German Association, at No.34
 * The Official Residence of the Belgian Ambassador, at No.36
 * The Royal College of Defence Studies, Seaford House, at No.37
 * Italian Cultural Institute at No.39
 * The Trinidad and Tobago High Commission at No.42
 * The Turkish Embassy at No.43
 * The Institute of Practitioners in Advertising at No.44
 * The Malaysian High Commission at No.45
 * The Official Residence of the Mexican Ambassador at No.48
 * Argentine Ambassador's Residence, at No.49

title: Belgrave Square