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Pyrford

Pyrford is a village in the borough of Woking in Surrey, England. It is on the left bank of the River Wey, around 2 mi east of the town of Woking and just south of West Byfleet; the M25 motorway is northeast of the edge of the former parish.

The village sits on raised mixed heath soil, and has historical links with the abbey at Westminster, in whose possession it remained between the Norman conquest in 1066 and the Dissolution of the Monasteries nearly five hundred years later.

Geography
At the foot of slopes in the south of the area are agricultural flood plain pasture meadows bisected by the River Wey Navigation; the actual border is the River Wey itself (though slightly inaccurate as based on meanders as they were before 1820). Roads passing through the village include the B367 (Upshott Lane/Church Hill) and B382 (Old Woking Road). Open areas in the south and east of the village are designated Metropolitan Green Belt.

History and use in the arts
The current village name 'Pyrford' is derived from the Saxon dialect of Old English combined term "Pyrianford", which scholarly research into Old English asserts means 'pear tree ford'.

King James and Anne of Denmark stayed with Sir Francis Wolley at Pyrford on 10 August 1603. Famous residents include the poet John Donne, and Jack Brabham who used to live on Forest Road.

Pyrford is mentioned in The War of the Worlds, by H. G. Wells, in which it is near the landing site of the third of ten Martian invasion cylinders.

The Rowley Bristow Hospital from 1928 to 1992 was in Pyrford in the area now occupied by St Martin's Mews and St Nicholas Crescent. Early in World War II, due to the risk of enemy air attack, the Vickers Armstrongs aircraft factory at nearby Brooklands had a dispersed facility known as Depot No. W95 in Lower Pyrford Road with two aircraft hangars used for 'aircraft salvage' purposes until at least 1944. Post-war, one of these hangars was occupied by a factory making electrical switches and the other was used as a temporary store for historic aeroplanes by the national Science Museum until Autumn 1958; these premises were finally demolished and redeveloped for new housing in the late 1980s. Pyrford Court was also listed as wartime Depot No. W40 and used for 'aircraft dispersal' - presumably for Vickers Wellington bombers moved there by road before completion and delivery to the Royal Air Force from Brooklands.

Pyrford Court was used as the main location of the 1978 film The Cat and the Canary.

In 1951 the civil parish had a population of 1760. On 1 April 1974 the parish was abolished.

Leisure
The River Wey Navigation, to the south-east and east of the village, marks the boundary between Pyrford and Wisley. The area has marked trails for ramblers. A public bridleway going east-west, connects the village to the canal, parallel to unpavemented Lock Lane on the far side of the golf course; following this the path connects to three others: one south via the Anchor to Wisley, to the north-east to Byfleet and to the north along the towpath to New Haw, Coxes Lock, Addlestone and a large island at Weybridge which connects with the pavement of Thames Street, in turn connected to the Thames Path. Pyrford marina by the Dodds Bridge footbridge, and with its own access road, on the Pyrford canalside enables people to hire and own boats; it faces the named public house.

July 2012 saw Pyrford's inclusion in what has become the standard version of the London-Surrey cycle classic used in the Summer Olympic Games.

Amenities
The local school is Pyrford Church of England (Aided) Primary School an Academy that is part of The Newark Trust. The school is located on Coldharbour Road and has current Ofsted rating of Outstanding since last inspection in January 2013, with 480 students on roll.

Owing to an old law, and covenants on land controlled by religious sects, Pyrford had no public house, but there are a few such establishments quite close by. The Anchor pub, by Lock Lane, lies on land once part of Wisley parish. The Inn at Maybury is sited alongside the junction of Old Woking Road and Maybury Hill. The third location for drinking is The Yeoman, a Harvester pub-restaurant, on the Old Woking Road in the neighbouring village of West Byfleet. Instead, two social venues in Pyrford are the Pyrford Social Club, a membership club, next to the cricket club and the Twisted Stone golf club situated on Pyrford Road and open to the general public. These are both licensed for alcohol.

Sports
Pyrford has three golf courses: Pyrford Lakes Golf Course, Wisley Golf Course and Twisted Stone. It is also home to Pyrford Cricket Club. Founded in 1858, Pyrford is one of the oldest cricket clubs in Surrey, and has achieved success in recent years. The club has been promoted 10 times in the last 10 years, and achieved an unparalleled treble promotion in 2008, with all three Saturday League sides achieving promotion from their respective divisions of the Surrey Championship. Well known former PCC players include former Zimbabwe captain Tatenda Taibu, New Zealand wicketkeeper Gareth Hopkins and Sky Sports presenter Charles "Got Him" Colvile. Pyrford also has an amateur football club, Pyrford F.C., who play at the Pyrford Cricket ground. Twisted Stone Golf Club on Pyrford Road, offers locals a pay and play service. Membership is not required, and the golf course offers an 18-hole round. A public bridleway crosses the golf course linking Pyrford Road to the Wey Navigation Canal.

London 2012 Olympic Games
On 28 July (men) and 29 (women), 2012, Pyrford hosted a section of the London 2012 Cycle road race. The race passed through on Coldharbour Road, up onto Upshot Lane and south east on the B367 towards Ripley. Around 8,000 fans lined the route through Pyrford, the focal point being Pyrford Cricket Ground that hosted an Olympics themed fete.

Transport
Hourly bus route 437 links Pyrford with Woking, West Byfleet and Byfleet; with a connection to New Haw and Addlestone. The service is financially supported by Surrey County Council.

St. Nicholas Church and Conservation Area
The Church of St. Nicholas is less than 1/4 mi north of the ruins of Newark Priory along a medieval lane, and was built around 1140. It is a fine example of a complete Norman church and is one of the significant minority of medieval churches in the United Kingdom in the top category of listed buildings.

It is thought possible that Queen Elizabeth I might have worshipped at St Nicholas's Church. She reputedly donated a silver chalice to the church in 1570. Original frescoes, painted in red ochre, were uncovered during renovations in 1869 and 1967. There are two sets of drawings from different periods with subjects including scenes from Christ's Passion, and an illustration of pilgrims preparing to set sail in a pilgrimage to Spain.

The church grounds and the surrounding lands are designated a conservation area, having special architectural and historical importance.

The area surrounding is believed by local folklore to be haunted, there are many stories involving locals and happenings.

Rowley Bristow Hospital
Rowley Bristow Hospital, an orthopaedic hospital in Pyrford, was founded in 1928.

It was formed from St Martin's home for crippled boys and the St Nicholas Hospital Home. Originally named St Nicholas' and St Martin's Orthopaedic Hospital Homes and Special School of Recovery, it was renamed in 1948 as the Rowley Bristow Orthopedic Hospital after a well known orthopaedic surgeon, and surgical director of St Nicholas, Rowley Bristow.

At its prime it was considered a centre of excellence, but declined from a peak of 250 beds in 1948 to just 41 shortly before it closed in 1992.

The orthopaedic department at St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey is now named the Rowley Bristow Orthopedic Unit.

Notable People

 * Lorne Welch, Colditz prisoner
 * Felix Aylmer, actor

title: Pyrford


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MFZB

MFZB (abbreviation of Motherfucking Zebrahead, Bitch) is the fourth studio album released by American punk rock band Zebrahead. "Rescue Me" was released to radio on January 20, 2004.

The title of the album originally comes from the band's fanclub of the same name. The first 1,000 copies of the CD release of it were made available in four different colors; red, yellow, green and blue, with blue being the official color with later copies.

The songs "Falling Apart" and "Alone" were featured in the video game, WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw and its GameCube counterpart, WWE Day of Reckoning.

Singles

 * "Into You" - released as the lead single from the album in Japan in late 2003, its accompanied music video is a combination of concert and amateur "behind-the-scenes" footage from the band while on tour. It also has scenes with the band taking photo with fans and studio recording of the song.
 * "Rescue Me" - released as the first single from the album in the U.S and second in Japan/ overall in early 2004, its accompanied music video is recorded footage of the band performing the song at a concert.
 * "Falling Apart" - released as a radio-only single in spring 2004.
 * "Hello Tomorrow'" - the fourth and final single off the album as released in the summer of 2004, a music video accompanied its release.

Personnel

 * Ali Tabatabaee – lead vocals
 * Justin Mauriello – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
 * Greg Bergdorf – lead guitar, backing vocals
 * Ben Osmundson – bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Ed Udhus – drums, percussion

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: MFZB


text: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2005 February 16


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Katashi Ishizuka

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP

Katashi Ishizuka
Is this Japanese voice actor "notable enough" within their field for inclusion on Wikipedia or is this "vanity"? Returns 192 hits on google    but perhaps there are more if performing some sort of a Japanese search? In contrast, Makio Inoue returns nearly 3000 hits. GRider\talk 23:02, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete article does not establish notability, possible vanity. Megan1967 05:50, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep He has had some significant roles in anime and video games.Besides,this isn't even close to "vanity;" and I don't endorse vanity myself.Not to mention that there's at least one seiyu(mentioned in at least one article) which lacks an individual English article,but IMHO is less deserving of an one than the seiyu that already have existing articles...Ranma9617 06:54, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Neutral. 4340 hits (562 displayed) in Japanese; 105 additional English hits with proper name ordering. Vanity seems Pretty Unlikely, and even if it were, the creator has almost 2000 contributions, so I'd be inclined to be a bit lenient. :)  No opinion on notability within his genre; I don't follow anime. —Korath (Talk) 07:40, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete anime fancruft. Grue 17:53, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. An actor with several high profile roles.   — Gwalla | Talk 23:28, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable. Xezbeth  06:44, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable.--Centauri 12:03, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, anime fancruft. JamesBurns 06:09, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)


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Baháʼu'lláh's family

Baháʼu'lláh was the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was born in 1817 to Khadíjih Khánum and Mírzá Buzurg of Nur (in the province of Mazandaran), a Persian nobleman, and went on to be a leader in the Bábí movement, and then established the Baháʼí Faith in 1863. Baháʼu'lláh's family consists of his three wives and the children of those wives.

Titles of descendants
One of Baháʼu'lláh's titles is Sadratu'l-Muntahá, which translates from Arabic as the tree beyond which there is no passing (a quote from Qurʼan 53:14). In this connection, Baháʼu'lláh entitled his descendants with terms relating to the Sadratu'l-Muntahá. His male descendants were given the title of Ag͟hsán (Arabic for "Branches") which in singular form is "G͟husn". In particular, three of his sons were given specific "branch" titles:

 * ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (given name, Abbás): G͟huṣn-i-Aʻẓam (الغصن الأعظم "The Most Great Branch").
 * Mírzá Muhammad ʻAlí: G͟huṣn-i-Akbar, (الغصن الأکبر "The Greater Branch").
 * Mírzá Mihdí: G͟huṣn-i-Athar, (الغصن الأطهر "The Purest Branch").

His daughters were given the title of Varaqat (translated from Arabic as "Leaves"). Thus Baháʼu'lláh's eldest daughter, Bahíyyih (given name, Fatimih), was given the title of the Greatest Holy Leaf.

During Baháʼu'lláh's lifetime, he referred to his eldest son, Abbás, by terms such as "Sirru'lláh" (Mystery of God), or "Sarkár-i-Áqá" (the Master). After the death of Baháʼu'lláh, he chose the title "ʻAbdu'l-Bahá" (Servant of Bahá). Baháʼu'lláh did not give his descendants any direct right to the property of others. This contrasts with Shiʻa Islam in which sayyids were given special financial entitlements.

Aghsán
Aghṣán, '("Branches") is a term in the literature of the Baháʼí Faith referring to the male descendants of Baháʼu'lláh.

It has particular implications not only for the disposition of endowments but also for the succession of authority following the passing of Baháʼu'lláh and of his son ʻAbdu'l-Bahá.

Baháʼí literature grants a special station to the members of the Aghṣán, indicating that Baháʼís should treat them with particular respect and courtesy, but does not grant them any administrative or spiritual authority within the Baháʼí Faith outside of those selected as successors to Baháʼu'lláh.

Ásíyih
Ásiyih was born in 1820 in the village Yalrud, Mazandaran. Her father was Mirza Ismaʻil-i-Vazir, a powerful and wealthy Persian nobleman. Baháʼu'lláh addressed her as Navváb, and the Most Exalted Leaf. She was chosen to marry the young Baháʼu'lláh based on her rare physical beauty, wealth and piety. The family had pre-existing roots with Baháʼu'lláh's family by virtue of their influence in the royal court which may have influenced the marriage arrangements. They married some time between 24 September and 22 October 1835 aged 15 in Tehran and she had seven of Baháʼu'lláh's children, of whom only three lived to adulthood. She died in 1886 in ʻAkká, and is buried on Mount Carmel within the vicinity of the Shrine of the Báb. Baháʼu'lláh named her his "perpetual consort" and her son as his vicar. Baháʼís regard the children of Ásíyih and Baháʼu'lláh to be the Baháʼí "holy family". Her children were:

ʻAbbas

Better known as ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, ʻAbbas was born in 1844 and died in 1921. He was the oldest child of Ásíyih and Baháʼu'lláh. He was variously referred to by Baháʼu'lláh as "Mystery of God", "The Master", "Perfect Exemplar" and "the Most Great Branch". After Baháʼu'lláh died on 29 May 1892, the Will and Testament of Baháʼu'lláh named ʻAbdu'l-Bahá as Centre of the Covenant, successor and interpreter of Baháʼu'lláh's writings. During his time as head of the religion, while still a prisoner of the Ottoman Empire, he met with many pilgrims and was in constant communication with Baháʼís around the world. After the 1908 Young Turks revolution freed all political prisoners in the Ottoman Empire, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá was freed from imprisonment and in 1910, with the freedom to leave the country, he embarked on a three-year journey to Egypt, Europe, and North America, spreading the Baháʼí message. On 27 April 1920, he was awarded a knighthood by the British Mandate of Palestine for his humanitarian efforts during World War I. ʻAbdu'l-Bahá died on 28 November 1921, and he is currently buried within one of the rooms at the Shrine of the Báb.

Bahíyyih

Bahíyyih Khánum was born in 1846 and was the eldest daughter of Baháʼu'lláh and Ásíyih Khánum. She was entitled the Greatest holy Leaf. She was particularly dear to her father and is seen within the Baháʼí Faith as one of the greatest women to have lived. She stood by and remained faithful to the Centers of the Covenant over years of infighting within Baháʼu'lláh's family that led to the expelling of many of them. She was given the position of acting head of the religion repeatedly when ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (during periods between 1910 and 1913), and Shoghi Effendi (during periods between 1922 and 1924), were absent from the Baháʼí World Centre in Haifa. Shoghi Effendi in particular felt her support during a difficult period following the death of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. She died on 15 July 1932 and was buried in the Baháʼí gardens downhill from the Baháʼí Arc on Mount Carmel, under the Monument of the Greatest Holy Leaf raised for her at the Baháʼí World Centre.

Mihdí

Mírzá Mihdí was born in Tehran in 1848 and was entitled the Purest Branch. He died at the age of 22 on 23 June 1870 in ʻAkká after a fall through a skylight while he was preoccupied in prayer. The death is significant as Baháʼís believe that Baháʼu'lláh offered him the chance of being cured. However, he chose to use his life as a sacrifice so that the close imprisonment of the Baháʼís would end. Mírzá Mihdí was eventually buried alongside his mother in the gardens below the Baháʼí Arc on Mount Carmel in Haifa near his brother and sister.

Others
Ásíyih bore at least four other children, all sons, but due to their early deaths little is known about them:
 * Kázim who died sometime in Persia.
 * Sádiq who died aged 3–4.
 * ʻAlí Muhammad who died in Mazandaran at the age of 7 in 1852.
 * ʻAlí Muhammad who was born and died in Baghdad at the age of 2.

Fatimih
Fatimih was born in 1828 in Mazandaran and was generally known as Mahd-i-'Ulya. A first cousin of Baháʼu'lláh, Fatimih was married at fourteen to an influential cleric several decades older than she was. She seems to have been widowed shortly afterwards, perhaps aged sixteen. It is reported that Baháʼu'lláh's aunt implored him to wed his widowed cousin and he reluctantly agreed to do so. They married in 1849 in Tehran and she had six of Baháʼu'lláh's children, of whom four survived to adulthood. She was said to have been very jealous of and harboured great enmity towards ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. She died in 1904, and was later labelled a Covenant-breaker.

Her children are:

Samadiyyih
Samadiyyih married Majdu'd-Din, who was the son of Aqay-i-Kalim, Baháʼu'lláh's brother; Majdu'd-Din was one of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's greatest critics, and Samadiyyih and Majdu'd-Din were eventually declared Covenant-breakers. She died at age 49 in 1904/5 and her husband died at over one-hundred years of age in 1955.

Muhammad-ʻAlí
Mírzá Muhammad ʻAlí was born in Baghdad in 1853. Baháʼu'lláh called him the "Greater Branch" and when Baháʼu'lláh declared ʻAbdu'l-Bahá his successor, he set that Muhammad ʻAlí was next in rank after him. Motivated by jealousy of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá he conspired to undermine his brother's leadership, but he was unable to gain extensive support from the Baháʼís. When ʻAbdu'l-Bahá died, his will went into great detail about how Muhammad ʻAlí had been unfaithful to the Covenant, labelling him a Covenant-breaker, and appointing Shoghi Effendi his successor instead. Muhammad ʻAlí was described by Shoghi Effendi as the "Arch-Breaker of Baháʼu'lláh's Covenant". Muhammad ʻAlí died in 1937. He is buried in one of the two private Bahá'í cemeteries in a square mausoleum covered with a white dome.

Ḍíyáʼu'lláh
Ḍíyáʼu'lláh (ضياء الله, alternate spelling: Zíyáʼu'lláh) was born August 15, 1864, in Edirne (Adrianople). He swayed in loyalty between his brothers, and was labelled a Covenant-breaker. He married Thurayyá Samandarí, daughter of Shaykh Kázim-i-Samandar and sister of Tarázʼu'lláh Samandarí, a Hand of the Cause of God. The marriage was childless, and according to Samandar's memoirs, Muhammad ʻAlí had prevented her from returning to him. He died on October 30, 1898, in Haifa. Ḍíyáʼu'lláh was initially buried next to his father at the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh at the Mansion of Bahjí. However, having been declared a Covenant-breaker, Ḍíyáʼu'lláh's remains were later disinterred and moved.

Badíʻu'lláh
Badíʻu'lláh Effendí was born in Adrianople in 1867. For much of his life he supported his brother's challenge to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's authority as Centre of the Covenant. However, in 1903 Badíʻu'lláh rejected Muhammad-ʻAlí, and delivered his loyalty to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and circulated an open letter denouncing Muhammad-ʻAlí, known as Badíʻu'lláh's epistle; however his loyalty to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá was short lived. He died in Israel on November 1, 1950. His father gave him the title G͟husn-i-Anwar (“The Most Luminous Branch”).

Badiʻu'llah married Alia Khanum. His daughter Sadhij was a militant leader of women's rights in Palestine, and married Najib Nassar.

Others
Mahd-i-'Ulya bore at least two other children:
 * ʻAlí Muhammad who died at the age of 2 in Baghdad.
 * Sád͟hijíyyih K͟hánum who was born in Baghdad and died at the age of 2 in Constantinople.

Gawhar
Gawhar was born in Kashan to a Bábí family of the city. She was brought to Baghdad by her brother Mirza Mihdiy-i-Kashani with his intention reportedly being for her to serve the household and Ásíyih Khánum. Baháʼu'lláh married her some time around 1862. When Baháʼu'lláh left Baghdad in 1863, unlike the other two wives, Gawhar remained in Baghdad. During her time in Baghdad she stayed and lived with her brother. Shortly afterwards, the Baháʼí community of Baghdad was rounded up and exiled to Mosul, among them Gawhar and her brother. Her brother wrote a number of times asking Baháʼu'lláh to allow them to enter Akká and finally he accepted. Brother and sister arrived in late 1870. Gawhar may have been a maid of the first wife of Baháʼu'lláh when he married her. Baháʼu'lláh and Gawhar had one daughter, Furúghíyyih who was born in ʻAkká. Both mother and daughter were declared Covenant-breakers after the death of Baháʼu'lláh. Gawhar died sometime between 1892 and 1921.

Furughiyyih
Relatively little is known about Furughiyyih. Furughiyyih was the daughter of Baháʼu'lláh and she was married to Siyyid Ali Afnan, the son of the Báb's brother-in-law. She, her husband and her children (in particular her eldest Nayyir), all sided with Muhammad-ʻAli, and were labelled Covenant-breakers. She bore four children: She died of cancer.
 * Late Hussain Effendi Afnan
 * Nayyar Effendi Afnan
 * Feyzi Effendi Afnan
 * Hassan Effendi Afnan

Plurality of wives
Baháʼu'lláh had three concurrent wives, when his religion teaches monogamy, and this has been the subject of criticism. Baháʼí teachings on gender equality and monogamy post-date Baháʼu'lláh's marriages and are understood to be evolutionary in nature, slowly leading Baháʼís away from what had been a deeply rooted cultural practice.

Baháʼu'lláh married his first wife in Tehran when they both were Muslims, and he married his second wife also in Tehran, when he, his first wife, and his new wife were all Bábís and no longer Muslims. According to the laws and tradition of Islam, which Baháʼu'lláh would have been following at the time of his marriages, a man is allowed four wives. Baháʼí marriage laws were written in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas more than ten years after his last marriage. In that book he limits the number of wives to two with no concubines and states that having only one wife would be the cause of tranquility for both partners. This was later interpreted by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá that having a second wife is conditional upon treating both wives with justice and equality, and was not possible in practice, thus establishing monogamy. This interpretation is probably influenced by the equivalent reasoning of some Muslim scholars who interpret the Quran's permissive stance on polygamy - restricted to 4 wives - as indicated in verse 4:3 to be subject of the impossible condition of absolute justice on part of the husband.

Baháʼí apologia
The general view among Baháʼu'lláh's family and Baháʼís today is that all the wives were legal and equal. The question about how this conforms to religious law is addressed directly in two letters from Universal House of Justice quoting Shoghi Effendi twice:

 * "Baháʼu'lláh had no concubine. He had three legal wives. As He married them before the "Aqdas" (His book of laws) was revealed, he was only acting according to the laws of Islám, which had not yet been superseded. He made plurality of wives conditional upon justice; ʻAbdu'l-Bahá interpreted this to mean that a man may not have more than one wife at a time, as it is impossible to be just to two or more women in marriage."

 * "...Baháʼu'lláh married the first and second wives while he was still in Tihrán, and the third wife while he was in Baghdád. At that time, the Laws of the "Aqdas" had not been revealed, and secondly, he was following the Laws of the previous Dispensation and the customs of the people of his own land.".

Baháʼís argue that polygamy is an ancient practice and other religions did not require monogamy. Under the Law of Moses a man could take as many wives as he chose. Most Christian groups have historically not practiced and condemned polygamy; some, however, have advocated it. In the Arabian peninsula Muhammad introduced a limit of four wives; polygamy was unlimited in pre-Islamic Arabia. The Baháʼí Faith slowly introduced monogamy to a region that considered polygamy a righteous lifestyle. Note 89 of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas comments on the verse in question:

 * "Baháʼu'lláh, who was revealing his teachings in the milieu of a Muslim society, introduced the question of monogamy gradually in accordance with the principles of wisdom and the progressive unfoldment of his purpose. The fact that he left his followers with an infallible interpreter of his writings enabled him to outwardly permit two wives in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas but uphold a condition that enabled ʻAbdu'l-Bahá to elucidate later that the intention of the law was to enforce monogamy."

title: Baháʼu'lláh's family


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Talk:Jack Hayward

Untitled
"...giving money to save Lundy Island and the SS Britannia"

 * A Google search fails to turn up any connection between Hayward and a ship of that name (only mirrors of Wikipedia appear in the results). I suspect that the original contributor meant the SS Great Britain, to which Hayward certainly did give money. I am changing it in the article because the result will definitely be correct, regardless of what the writer meant. --rbrwr± 23:03, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Sir Charles Hayward
Does this Sir Charles Hayward link point to the correct person?

The Sir Charles Hayward page is about a Canadian, I always thought Jack Hayward's father was from Wolverhampton. Unknown Unknowns 09:10, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

His father is indeed a different Sir Charles Hayward, i've removed the link. Details on his father can be found here http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/Museum/Transport/Motorcycles/ajs3.htm Sinfony81 12:50, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Jack Hayward


text:
Sir George Clerk, 6th Baronet

Sir George Clerk of Pennycuik, 6th Baronet (19 November 1787 – 23 December 1867) was a Scottish politician who served as the Tory MP for Edinburghshire, Stamford and Dover.

Early life
Clerk was born near Edinburgh on 19 November 1787. He was the son of Capt. James Clerk (d. 1793), third son of Sir George Clerk-Maxwell, 4th Baronet and Janet Irving. His brother John Clerk-Maxwell of Middlebie, advocate, was father of the mathematical physicist James Clerk-Maxwell. His sister Isabella married the sometime Solicitor General for Scotland, James Wedderburn (1782–1822) of the Wedderburn baronets.

He studied at the High School in Edinburgh and then went to the University of Oxford, graduating DCL in 1810.

Career
Clerk sat as Member of Parliament for Edinburghshire from 1811 to 1832 and again from 1835 to 1837, for Stamford from 1838 to 1847 and then for Dover from 1847 to 1852. He served as one of the Commissioners of Weights and Measures from 1818 to 1821. He held political office as a Lord of the Admiralty from 1819 to 1830 (from 1827 to 1828 he was a member of the Council of the Lord High Admiral (The Duke of Clarence), as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department from 5 August to 22 November 1830, as Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury from November 1834 to April 1835, as Financial Secretary to the Treasury from September 1841 to February 1845. In 1845 he was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Vice-President of the Board of Trade and Master of the Mint, posts he held until the fall of the Tory administration in 1846. He was also a Deputy Lieutenant for Edinburghshire.

Later life
Sir George served as President of the Zoological Society from 1862 to 1867 and as Chairman of the Royal Academy of Music.

In 1812 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, his proposers being Thomas Charles Hope, Sir George Stewart MacKenzie and John Playfair. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1819.

Personal life
On 13 August 1810, Clerk was married to Maria Anne Law (1788-1866), the daughter of Ewan Law, brother of Edward Law, 1st Baron Ellenborough. He lived with his family in Penicuik House built by his grandfather. The family (both male and female) played at curling on purpose-built ponds at the house. The family hosted a Grand Curling Match in 1847. Together, they were the parents of:

 * Sir James Clerk of Penicuik, 7th Baronet (1812–1870), who married Jane Calvert Henderson, daughter of Maj.-Gen. Douglas Mercer-Henderson and the former Susan-Arabella Rowley (a daughter of Sir William Rowley, 2nd Baronet), in 1851.
 * George Edward Clerk (1815–1875), who married Marie Louise Elizabeth Dupuis, a daughter of Casimir Dupuis, in 1849.
 * John Clerk (1816–1900), who married Rose Alice Clothilde Greene, a daughter of Thomas Greene, MP for Lancaster, in 1845.
 * Edward Clerk (1824–1917), who married Alice Bramston, daughter of Thomas William Bramston, in 1864.
 * Alexander Clerk (1828–1912), who married Edith Mary Buchanan, a daughter of Dr. Andrew Buchanan, in 1857.
 * Elizabeth Harriette Clerk (1833–1909), who married Hon. Edward Charles Buller-Fullerton-Elphinstone, son of Lt.-Col. James Drummond Buller-Fullerton-Elphinstone, in 1859.

Sir George died in December 1867, aged 80, at Penycuik House, Midlothian. He is buried in the local churchyard, close to his parents' mausoleum in St. Mungo's Churchyard in Penicuik. His wife lies with him.

title: Sir George Clerk, 6th Baronet


text:
File:Uncanny136.jpg

Licensing
vi:Tập tin:Uncanny136.jpg

title: File:Uncanny136.jpg


text:
Lorum (piercing)

A lorum is a male genital piercing, placed horizontally on the underside of the penis at its base, where the penis meets the scrotum. The word "lorum" is a portmanteau of the words "low" and "frenum", so named because it is essentially a very low-placed frenum piercing.

Much like the frenum piercing, the lorum can have multiple rungs added and be a ladder as well.

Jewelry typically used in this piercing includes the straight barbell and the captive bead ring. However, there have been cases where other jewelry such as studs and horseshoe barbells have been used. Noting: that the studs usually imply a rather shallow placement or stretching of the area has made it become shallow.

title: Lorum (piercing)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Katherine Bowes-Lyon

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP

Katherine Bowes-Lyon
Katherine Bowes-Lyon was niece to Queen Elizabeth and was unfortunately born with mental retardation. Is this sufficient to establish enough notability for inclusion on Wikipedia? A google search for this distant royal relative returns 43 hits. GRider\talk 23:09, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Keep, and expand. Megan1967 05:47, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. What the nominator fails to mention is that this woman was wrongly listed as deceased for 26 years, having been reported as such to Burke's Peerage by the Royal Family. This is widely supposed to have been an attempt to cover up the (apparently somewhat embarrassing) existence of a royal with a disability. That's all in the article, perhaps not quite as explicit as it might be, but there all the same, and also in the link provided. The nominator might want to reconsider this listing and concentrate instead on one of the many, many, many other vfds he/she currently has listed because there's nothing deletable about this one. Mattley 00:40, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Refers to the facts stated in Mattley's comments, except for the last paragraph about GRider which I disagree with. JuntungWu 02:46, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. Jonathunder 06:29, 2005 Feb 19 (UTC)


text:
Hakim (singer)

Abdel Hakim Abdel Samad Kamel (عبد الحكيم عبد الصمد كامل; born October 7, 1962), known by the mononym Hakim (حكيم), is an Egyptian shaabi singer.

Biography
Hakim was born in Maghagha, a small town in el-Minya, Egypt. He grew up with the sound of working- and middle-class tradition of Egyptian Sha'abi music, and admired the great Egyptian Sha'bi singer Ahmed Adaweyah. He reportedly began singing at the age of 8, and practiced mawawīl, the vocal improvisations which often begin an Egyptian Sha'bi song. He formed a band while in high school, obtained his college degree in Cairo, and then returned to el-Minya to continue making music, before moving back to Cairo. He had collaborated with several international singers throughout his career, such as: Narada Michael Walden and Olga Tañon in 2002, James Brown in 2004 and Don Omar in 2007.

Musical styles

 * Shaabi
 * Middle Eastern
 * Belly dance
 * Al Jeel
 * Egyptian
 * World music

Discography

 * Nazra (1992)
 * Nar (1994)
 * Efred (1997)
 * Hayel (1998)
 * Yaho (2000)
 * ''The Lion Roars – Hakim Live in America (2000)
 * Talakik (2002)
 * Taminy Alek (2004)
 * El Youm Dol (2004)
 * Kolo Yoross (2005)
 * Lela (2006) (with James Brown and Stevie Wonder)
 * "Tigy Tigy" (with Don Omar) (2007)
 * Ya Mazago (2011)
 * Ala Wadaak (2017)

title: Hakim (singer)


text:
Gunnar Hedlund

Gunnar Hedlund (1 October 1900 – 26 November 1989) was a Swedish politician who served as chairman of the Centre Party from 1949 to 1971. He served as Minister of the Interior 1951 from 1957 and was a member of the Riksdag (parliament) from 1942 to 1976.

Biography
Hedlund was born in Helgum, Sollefteå Municipality, Ångermanland, and in 1926 Hedlund became a member of the municipal council of Helgum and in 1930 he became its chairman. He was very active in associations connected with silviculture. In 1938 he defended a dissertation at Uppsala University and became Juris Doctor.

In 1942 he was elected to the lower chamber of the Riksdag (parliament), representing the Centre Party, or Bondeförbundet (The Farmers' League) as it was known until 1957. In 1948 he took over the leadership of the party temporarily (when the former leader Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp had suffered a stroke) and was formally elected to the post in 1949.

In 1951 the Centre Party entered into a coalition government with the Social Democrats, and Hedlund became Minister of the Interior, succeeding Eije Mossberg. In the end, the parties could not agree on a new pension system, and after a referendum in 1957 on the matter the Centre Party and the Social Democrats went their separate ways.

The Centre Party grew steadily from 1958 and in 1968 they had become the second largest party in Sweden.

In the 1970 general election, Hedlund was initially open to the idea of forming another coalition with the Social Democrats, feeling that they might another coalition to stay in power. However, he became an opponent of Social Democratic leader and prime minister Olof Palme during this election, and the second coalition never formed.

In 1971 Hedlund resigned as chairman and was succeeded by Thorbjörn Fälldin. Hedlund retained a seat in the Riksdag until 1976.

In retirement, he met for dinners and political talks with his former political rival, Liberal leader Bertil Ohlin.

Awards and decorations

 * Order_of_the_Polar_Star_-_Ribbon_bar,_pre_1975.svg 🇸🇪 Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star (23 November 1955)
 * Illis quorum (1984)

title: Gunnar Hedlund


text:
User talk:R.gollmer

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

I replied on Talk:Nonlinear programming. Oleg Alexandrov 23:10, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:R.gollmer


text:
EIIR

EIIR or variation, may refer to:

 * E II R, royal cypher of Elizabeth II derived from Latin "Elizabeth II Regina"
 * European Institute for International Law and International Relations
 * Inisheer Aerodrome (ICAO airport code: EIIR), Inisheer Island, Ireland

title: EIIR


text:
Sidi-Hamed massacre

The Sidi-Hamed massacre took place on the night of January 11, 1998 (the last day of Ramadan), in the town of Sidi-Hamed (or Sidi-Hammad), 30 km south of Algiers. An estimated fifty gunmen participated, attacking children and adults; they bombed a café where films were being watched and a mosque in nearby Haouche Sahraoui, killing those who fled, and entered houses to kill those within. According to official figures, 103 people were killed and 70 injured, including two pro-government fighters and five of the attackers. Other sources indicate a higher toll; AFP supposedly counted over 120 corpses, and some Algerian newspapers claimed 400. Thirty girls were reportedly kidnapped. The massacre was generally blamed on the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA). One newspaper claimed that survivors blamed it on the Islamic Salvation Front (AIS).

title: Sidi-Hamed massacre


text:
Witt algebra

In mathematics, the complex Witt algebra, named after Ernst Witt, is the Lie algebra of meromorphic vector fields defined on the Riemann sphere that are holomorphic except at two fixed points. It is also the complexification of the Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields on a circle, and the Lie algebra of derivations of the ring C[z,z−1].

There are some related Lie algebras defined over finite fields, that are also called Witt algebras.

The complex Witt algebra was first defined by Élie Cartan (1909), and its analogues over finite fields were studied by Witt in the 1930s.

Basis
A basis for the Witt algebra is given by the vector fields $$L_n=-z^{n+1} \frac{\partial}{\partial z}$$, for n in $$\mathbb Z$$.

The Lie bracket of two basis vector fields is given by

 * $$[L_m,L_n]=(m-n)L_{m+n}.$$

This algebra has a central extension called the Virasoro algebra that is important in two-dimensional conformal field theory and string theory.

Note that by restricting n to 1,0,-1, one gets a subalgebra. Taken over the field of complex numbers, this is just the Lie algebra $$\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})$$ of the Lorentz group $$\mathrm{SO}(3,1)$$. Over the reals, it is the algebra sl(2,R) = su(1,1). Conversely, su(1,1) suffices to reconstruct the original algebra in a presentation.

Over finite fields
Over a field k of characteristic p>0, the Witt algebra is defined to be the Lie algebra of derivations of the ring
 * k[z]/zp

The Witt algebra is spanned by Lm for −1≤ m ≤ p−2.

title: Witt algebra


text:
User:JonBirge

Bio
I'm a researcher at MIT's Lincoln Laboratory. If you want to go to my real homepage (which I'm afraid you can't edit) it's here. I also write here.

Wikipedia stuff I've compiled

 * All Books
 * Astrometrics
 * Space Systems Reference

title: User:JonBirge


text:
Vezins

Vezins or Vézins may refer to the following places in France:

 * Vezins, Maine-et-Loire, in the Maine-et-Loire département
 * Vezins, a former commune that is now a part of Isigny-le-Buat in the Manche département
 * Vézins-de-Lévézou, in the Aveyron département
 * Barrage de Vezins, au fleuve Sélune

title: Vezins


text:
Category:Grade II listed buildings in Liverpool

Grade II Listed buildings in Liverpool.


text:
Fried fish

Fried fish is any fish or shellfish that has been prepared by frying. Often, the fish is covered in batter, egg and breadcrumbs, flour, or herbs and spices before being fried and served, often with a slice of lemon.

Fish is fried in many parts of the world, and fried fish is an important food in many cuisines. For many cultures, fried fish is historically derived from pescado frito, and the traditional fish and chips dish of England which it may have inspired. The latter remains a staple take-out dish of the UK and its former and present colonies. Fried fishcakes made of cod (and other white fish, such as haddock, halibut or whiting) are widely available in the frozen food sections of U.S. grocery stores. Long John Silver's, Skippers, Captain D's, and Arthur Treacher's are well-known North American chain restaurants that serve fried fish as their main food offering. Catfish are also a prevalent farm-raised type of fish that is often served fried throughout the world. A classic fried fish recipe from France is sole meunière.

Fish fries
Community fish fries are popular in the southern region of the United States. These social gatherings may center around a church, a civic organization or serve as a fundraiser for a club, volunteer fire department, a school or other organization. In the U.S., especially the Upper Midwest, the New England states, and the Mid-Atlantic states, community fish fries are somewhat popular, sometimes held in church basements or lots in observation of Lent. A fish fry is generally informal. A "shore lunch" is a tradition in the northern U.S. and Canada, where outdoor enthusiasts cook their catch on the shores of the ocean, or lake where the fish was caught.

Health effects
Fried fish is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The American Food and Drug Administration and British National Health Service have suggested that broiled or steamed fish is a healthier option than frying.

Frying fish results in higher losses of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compared to other cooking methods.

title: Fried fish


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Abhishek

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 12:43, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Abhishek
Vanity page. Katefan0 23:14, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete No evidence of notability. Note that the anon who created the page removed the VfD notice. Johntex 02:21, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 02:34, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete the vanity, Delete the vanity. --Dbroadwell 04:24, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, no question about it. Arunram 06:32, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete #3, vandalism. Wyss 20:33, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete!. I don't care if it's deleted by Speedy Deletion or by VfD...I want it out of Wikipedia! :) --Neigel von Teighen 20:37, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as vandalism. Not only did the anon remove the notices, he expanded the entry! - Lucky 6.9 22:02, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kayoko Fujii

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Kayoko Fujii
Another voice actor. Returns 157 hits on google. The article reads, in full: "Kayoko Fujii (藤井 佳代子 Fujii Kayoko, born April 21, 1961) is a seiyu." The Japanese counter article is equally as terse. What is the appropriate benchmark to determine includability for Seiyūs on Wikipedia? GRider\talk 23:14, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Weak delete, barring more information. Gets 3,350 hits (432 displayed) on a Japanese-language Google search; also note that an English-language search gives 809 for the proper name ordering (of which only 35 are displayed).  My Japanese has been gathering rust for the past ten years, though, and the English hits and Babelfish translations (cringe) indicate only bit parts. —Korath (Talk) 05:36, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, under the bar of notability for me, article as it stands is un-encyclopaedic. Megan1967 05:45, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep There does appear to be decent information here, and there are weaker seiyu out there,none of which have a Wikipedia article...Ranma9617 06:27, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete anime fancruft. Even I get more Google hits. Grue 17:54, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Elihu Sternwallow gets more Google hits (and rightfully so). Denni ☯ 02:25, 2005 Feb 17 (UTC)
 * Delete. ComCat 02:13, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Deletioncruft.--Centauri 12:05, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Why? Grue 18:55, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not vanity, nonsense or original research, therefore it is not a valid subject for deletion, and nominating it on VFD represents an instance of deletioncruft.--Centauri 13:09, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Xezbeth  15:57, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Why? Grue 18:55, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. A series of minor roles, especially one in Akira. Kappa 23:40, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, anime fancruft. JamesBurns 06:12, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. insufficient notability. Mikkalai 22:11, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Kairos

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 3 September 2019 and 13 December 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Acquelinereire.

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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 23 August 2021 and 10 December 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Astewart8, ElliotLeslie.

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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Gdeluca33, Hanhim7, BeanBean677, Kst96. Peer reviewers: VannaUMD, Ayc8110, Wrixan, Lawilson415, VA ESK104, Thausman, Ntsegaw, Ewolins.

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The Chinese for 'crisis'
The Chinese word for “crisis” is a pictograph of the two words “danger” and “opportunity.” Actually, according to an article by Professor Victor H. Mair, this oft-cited factoid is not true. I recommend removal of references to it. --Pharaohmobius 14:35, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * That whole paragraph seems spurious to me; the idea that kairos implies crisis, and the significance of that, needs to be better documented or removed as unencyclopedic. --ScottAlanHill 01:26, 7 October 2006 (UTC

'''Needs lots of work! Wikipedia Cops should review this page immediately. POORLY WRITTEN. - Andala

This page is indeed poorly written. Especially the section about digital media - it doesn't convey to the layman, it reads like some kind of pretentious obscure PhD dissertation - lots of buzzword-style term usage without proper explication.'''

Retreat
I believe this section should be disambiguated. --Arcking 20:51, 14 December 2006 (UTC)
 * The retreat is too secretive/spiritual to really talk about on Wikipedia. I know WP is not censored, but not giving away what really happens on the retreats is somewhat important, since people may not fully under stand the context of some events. However, the retreat is different from what the Article is really talking about, because most of this article examines the "term" or definition part of Kairos. perhaps there can be an extra section? --   ShadowJester07  ►Talk  02:42, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

 * No argument besides that of personal/national security or legality issues justifies censorship of any kind. Since the Kairos retreat is neither copyrighted or legally protected nor a personal/national security issue, there is no reason why the contents of the retreat should not be published.  To not publish this information is against the very premise upon which Wikipedia is built.

--Evil666 23:32, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Heh, Good luck finding any reliable sources. Chances are the article will likely receive a Speedy Deletion for Original Research and user Attribution. In essence, writing an article about a secretive religious retreat using speculation and rumors stands against Jimbo and Wikipedia's policies and ideologies. ;-) --   ShadowJester07  ►Talk  03:48, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I could write out a 10 section article on Kairos retreats. Unfortunately, it would all be original research from my dual experience in them. There just aren't any decent references. I agree that Wikipedia is not censored, but everyone else is censoring themselves not to talk about it, so it's not being mentioned in any sources. Haha, the way the world works...  нмŵוτн τ  23:49, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

Article may require restructuring
To me, this article reads poorly and seems unstructured. I think there is some encyclopaedic content here, but it's poorly organised and obscured amongst a lot of dictionary-definition-type information and listing of organisations with Kairos in the name - the latter of which should be moved to a stub linked from a disambiguation page or omitted entirely if non-notable. --Rogerb67 (talk) 00:50, 19 September 2008 (UTC)

"KAIROS: Kairos Corporation is a non-profit organization [...] The website is corporacionkairos.org"

This section just reads like promotional material, I don't think it's balanced or really making much attempt at objectivity. In any case it's a bit misleading because AFAIK the Kairos Corporation is the Spanish branch of the Kairos Foundation... This isn't made clear at all, it reads like they are two separate organisations SteveDavey (talk) 15:15, 23 November 2008 (UTC)

Questionable Source: Freier Article
The first of the two references, Mark Freier (2006) "Time Measured by Kairos and Kronos", appears to be a self-published article. According to the guidelines for sourcing, "...self-published media—whether books, newsletters, personal websites, open wikis, blogs, personal pages on social networking sites, Internet forum postings, or tweets—are largely not acceptable" (WP:SPS). There are numerous scholarly articles addressing this topic and I therefore suggest that the Freier article should be replaced by a reference to a reputably published source. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Abathologist (talk • contribs) 21:24, 4 January 2012 (UTC)

 * That seems reasonable. One good book to draw from for this article could be "You Talkin' To Me? A History of Rhetoric From Aristotle To Obama" by Sam Leith, a columnist for the Guardian. His explanation of the rhetorical concept of kairos seemed quite robust to me. I believe he published a revised version for the American market called "Words Like Loaded Pistols," because the original had too many Brit-specific cultural allusions. I'm not sure whether "Loaded Pistols" has the same passage on "kairos", though.  YarLucebith (talk) 00:31, 12 May 2013 (UTC)

Feedback on edits to "Modern rhetorical definition" section
Hello. I'm an undergraduate student, and I had to research and edit a page for my Rhetorical Process class. I chose Kairos and added some information to the "Modern rhetorical definition" section of the page. I would really appreciate any feedback on my contribution. Thanks. Rkg12 05:27, 5 March 2014 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rkg12 (talk • contribs)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Kairos. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120425021201/http://growinghealthypassion.com/kairos.pdf to http://growinghealthypassion.com/kairos.pdf

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title: Talk:Kairos


text:
User talk:Dweekly

To find out more about David Weekly, see his homepage at https://david.weekly.org/

You are invited to join Stanford's WikiProject!
ralphamale (talk) 22:25, 24 January 2012 (UTC)

Welcome to The Wikipedia Adventure!

 * Hi! We're so happy you wanted to play to learn, as a friendly and fun way to get into our community and mission.  I think these links might be helpful to you as you get started.
 * The Wikipedia Adventure Start Page
 * The Wikipedia Adventure Lounge
 * The Teahouse new editor help space
 * Wikipedia Help pages
 * -- 19:54, 2 August 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dweekly


text:
Koy Sanjaq Christian Neo-Aramaic

Koy Sanjaq Christian Neo-Aramaic is a variety of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic spoken by Christian Assyrians in Koy Sanjaq in the Erbil Governorate, Iraq. Koy Sanjaq Jewish Neo-Aramaic is a separate variety spoken by Jews in the same town.

title: Koy Sanjaq Christian Neo-Aramaic


text:
Dionysius of Syracuse

Dionysius of Syracuse may refer to:
 * Dionysius I of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse from 405 BC to 367 BC.; father of Dionysius II
 * Dionysius II of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse from 367 BC to 357 BC and again from 346 BC to 344 BC.; son of Dionysius I

title: Dionysius of Syracuse


text:
Talk:Hans-Hermann Hoppe

NPOV: Strange edits
Edited the text from:

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hans-Hermann_Hoppe&oldid=1075584228 (correct url--93.45.229.98 (talk) 18:23, 10 June 2023 (UTC))

«Hoppe identifies as a culturally conservative libertarian. He is opposed to democracy, a view he lays out in his book Democracy: The God That Failed. Hoppe's statements and ideas concerning race and homosexuality have repeatedly provoked controversy among his libertarian peers and his colleagues at UNLV. His belief in the right of property owners to establish libertarian communities that engage in racial discrimination, and his assertion that homosexuals and political dissidents will have to be "physically removed" from these communities if they are to survive, have proven particularly divisive. Hoppe also garners controversy due to his support for governmental enforcement of immigration laws, which critics argue is at odds with libertarianism and what they describe as "libertarian anarchism".»

to

«Hoppe identifies as an austro-libertarian and anarcho-capitalist, and has written extensively in opposition to democracy and in support of voluntary association and disassociation in his book Democracy: The God That Failed.»

93.45.229.98 (talk) 17:53, 10 June 2023 (UTC)

 * Did you link to the correct diff? Llll5032 (talk) 18:09, 10 June 2023 (UTC)
 * To me it shows both revisions (see top left corner); this is the previous one:
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hans-Hermann_Hoppe&oldid=1075584228 93.45.229.98 (talk) 18:19, 10 June 2023 (UTC)
 * @Llll5032 I corrected the url, the previous link sent to a similar revision. 93.45.229.98 (talk) 18:24, 10 June 2023 (UTC)
 * @Llll5032 I try to be clearer. I am for the first version - even with some legitimate modifications -and not for the second.
 * To understand it I support the version where the theme of segregation is clear (His belief in the right of property owners to establish libertarian communities that engage in racial discrimination, and his assertion that homosexuals and political dissidents will have to be "physically removed"). 93.45.229.98 (talk) 09:27, 13 June 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks. This edit in May of 2022 appears to have moved most of the wording from the top into later sections in the article, and there were some other edits to the remaining wording at the top since then. For WP:PROPORTION, can you cite some third-party WP:BESTSOURCES summarizing Hoppe to justify re-including some of the more specific claims that were moved out of the top? Llll5032 (talk) 06:14, 15 June 2023 (UTC)
 * @Llll5032 The source inserted now is not an independent source but the Mises Institute which is affiliated with the subject. In contrast, the previously inserted sources are independent. Let those be reinserted. 93.45.229.98 (talk) 19:27, 30 June 2023 (UTC)
 * You are correct that per WP:BESTSOURCES and WP:RS, the top should be based mostly on independent reliable sources, instead of sources affiliated with the subject. But the text moved out of the third paragraph after May 2022 also included some WP:ABOUTSELF sources. Is there a consensus to restore the text from May 2022, or can more authoritative independent WP:BESTSOURCES be found that summarize the subject? Llll5032 (talk) 20:32, 2 July 2023 (UTC)

Property and Freedom Society -- to one sided
While the content of this section is correct, its not a neutral selection, as it over emphasizes topics seen (by non anarcho-capitalists) as negative, while only the description of the state is a positive pov. There should be more positive positions.

Its also important to distinguish his views on race from national-SOCIALISTS views and from the ethnocentric views. 2A01:598:D008:14CE:6ABC:7C1E:56F8:E7D1 (talk) 12:00, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

 * It also misses the point of his arguments of why EVERYONE should be welcome to a discussion (which then obviously also includes nationalist).
 * I think this article is once again a showcase for biased views mimicry of nPOV 2A01:598:D008:14CE:6ABC:7C1E:56F8:E7D1 (talk) 12:03, 31 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia articles mostly summarize high-quality secondary sources that are independent from the subject of the article, from criteria in WP:STICKTOSOURCE and WP:SOURCETYPES. If the section is expanded, then WP:SOURCETYPES and WP:RSP are guides to usable sources. Llll5032 (talk) 01:48, 5 September 2023 (UTC)

Rewrite the Article or have different versions
The section/topic choices are biased and do not portrait a neutral picture. On the contrary they follow the general trend on Wikipedia to deviate more and more from it Wikipedias libertarian roots and picture topics that do contrast collectivists/socialist povs as negative.

It would be possible to choose completely different topics to picture him in any other light and since there is no objective measure to choose one view over any other, the only npov choice would be to include them all 2A01:598:D008:14CE:6ABC:7C1E:56F8:E7D1 (talk) 12:09, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 2 September 2023
change 	2 September 1949 (age 73) to 2 September 1949 (age 74) Makhnomagicman (talk) 13:44, 2 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. M.Bitton (talk) 14:18, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hans-Hermann Hoppe


text:
User talk:Bodera

Welcome!

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I am an applied mathematician. :) Oleg Alexandrov 23:17, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thanks

title: User talk:Bodera


text:
Talk:John Burgoyne

Error Correction
I came across this and immediately noticed an obvious error. I am not a historian, but I know that John Burgoyne was NOT born in 1778 nor did he die in 2205.

What does "who is known to be brian bagg" mean? Is this some vandalism?Sir Akroy 20:54, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

--Duneatreides 05:20, 13 October 2006 (UTC) Chris

Intro
That introduction seems strange. Burgoyne may have been known for his "arrogance, pompous attitude, and vanity," but that is hardly indicative of his place in history or what is most remembered about him. Can we change that? -- RPIRED 03:27, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

 * My history teacher told us that Burgoyne's entourage threw huge parties every night in tents, filled with affairs, champagne, and insanity in general. I found the story hilarious, even though I know this comment makes me sound like a troll. Why the heck do I not find anything written about the entourage?!!!!! --75.43.182.146 19:37, 15 January 2007 (UTC)

Burgoyne's Revenge
In the book How to Make War by James Dunnigan (4th edition paperback p.300), John Burgoyne is mentioned as a prime example of choosing military leaders through nobility rather than ability, which often results in particularly inept leaders. This is sometimes called "Burgoyne's revenge" according to that book. Should there be some reference to this idea?

john burgoyne gentleman johnny!
I am facinated to know more now as i have recently found out general johnny is a distant relative of mine and i am only a 24 year old female and would love to learn more about what kind of character he is and more about his younger years? 84.13.42.78 12:52, 18 May 2006 (UTC)

I'm a relative also
My grandmother's maiden name is Burgoyne, and she is a direct descendent of him, and so am I. I wonder where I could find a family tree without paying for it.

According to my research, John Burgoyne had two sons and two daughters with Susan Caulfield, John Fox, Edward, Marie and Caroline. John Fox had one son, Hugh Burgoyne, who was killed in a Naval Accident. I haven't been able to find out about any descendants beyond that. I would like to know more. As for myself, my ancestors came to America from Wales, but they were English and did not speak Welsh. Burgoyne is a Norman French name. According to our family history two brothers with the last name of Burgoyne came over with William the Conqueror in 1066. Mjburgoyne 03:04, 26 February 2007 (UTC) Mjburgoyne 16:12, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

I was rereading "The Man Who Lost America" Paul Lewis (Noel Gerson). He states that Burgoyne fathered one son, John Fox, and three daughters Susan, Marie and Caroline. Lewis claims that John Fox had only one son Hugh. He died without any male heirs. At the Westminster Abby site it shows the children of John Burgoyne as John Fox, Marie and Caroline. It also shows that Charlotte, John's wife, is buried with her daughter. I could find no information about a daughter born to Charlotte. Lewis's book says she didn't have any children.Mjburgoyne 04:30, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

Article needs a lot of work
I did a little cleaning up, but John Burgoyne is a fascinating and complex character, and I don't pretend to be a expert in 18th Century U.K. history. Scromett 13:09, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

I think he missed his calling. Reading The Heiress, if you can put yourself in the mindset of the late 18th century, it's a laugh riot. That's the key, though, it wasn't Shakespearean, it was more aimed at the common man - intended, I think, for them to watch with the elite in attendance. Like watching some 80's cartoons as a kid, with your parents there. They get some jokes you don't, yet you understand some things they don't. ~Cal — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:8804:5400:B950:11C2:866B:71BA:7567 (talk) 23:34, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

Contradiction
The article offers two different birth dates. I've added a template until someone can provide a source showing which (if either) is correct. Leithp 15:40, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

World Turned Upside Down
OK, so whether or not a song of this name was played at Yorktown is debated with (IMO) evidence for coming out on the losing side. However, that's a topic for another article.

What this section is about is the following line:

 * "In an ironic twist, a song from one of his plays The World Turned Upside Down was played by British bands during the surrender at Yorktown."

Now, ignoring the fact that the sentence's grammar is poor enough to present confusion over whether the song or the play was called "The World Turned Upside Down", there's another problem with this sentence: try to find any source that suggests this that isn't just copying this article. I did, since I wanted a source. (After all, why say "one of his plays" when you can say the name of the play itself?) I can't find any.

So I went to copies of Burgoyne's collected works, which can be found in two volumes:

 * Volume 1
 * Volume 2

From this, the following can be drawn:

 * Burgoyne wrote (or translated) four plays: The Maid of the Oaks (1775), The Lord of the Manor (1780), The Heiress (1786), and Richard Coeur de Lion (1786).
 * Of these, two (Heiress, Richard) were published at too late a date to meet the criteria of the statement, and one of them (The Heiress) contains no songs at all.
 * Of the two plays that were published prior to the British surrender at Yorktown, neither of them contain the phrase "the world turned upside down" or any variation therefore, nor do they contain any of the lines commonly mentioned as belonging to the song in question.

In other words: without getting into whether or not the song was played, there is no evidence that it was present in any dramatic work of Burgoyne's. I've removed the line (again) until someone can provide evidence to the contrary.

-- 142.166.3.82 (talk) 18:18, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

Personally i think that John Burgoyne was a very good leader. In history it talks about who won the war, how he lost and just rubs it practically in his face. I mean if he were alive he would be very angery. And right now i am so i think that shopuld change i also think that you shoul take that into consideration. I hope you and all the others know haw much this hurts some people in world. Some of those people are family members. They probably don't care but right now i do so if you want to talk to me about this just look me up and call me. I live in California. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.91.15.2 (talk) 09:12, 4 February 2009 (UTC)

You would do justice to his memory by learning to spell properly. Sioraf (talk) 01:34, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

Gentleman Johnny
Many recent sources say Burgoyne was called "Gentleman Johnny," but the claim is untrue. It was invented for a play, The Devil's Disciple, by George Bernard Shaw in 1897.Catherinejarvis (talk) 19:54, 20 July 2016 (UTC)

File:BEP-GIRSCH-Surrender of General Burgoyne (Trumbull).jpg scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that the featured picture File:BEP-GIRSCH-Surrender of General Burgoyne (Trumbull).jpg, which is used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for October 17, 2020. A preview of the POTD is displayed below and can be edited at Template:POTD/2020-10-17. Any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be made before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! Cwmhiraeth (talk) 13:40, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:John Burgoyne