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Checkmate (Sydney Horler novel)

Checkmate (1930) is one of the many popular novels written by Englishman Sydney Horler in the first half of the 20th century. Forgotten today, the book describes the exciting lifestyle of the wealthy social elite. Checkmate adds an element of crime and adventure to that atmosphere, but the countless coincidences throughout the plot guarantee a thoroughly predictable happy ending, complete with a double wedding.

Plot introduction
The novel is about a gang of four international criminals who hire a young and naïve English girl as an innocent decoy in a scheme to rid an English aristocrat of her family jewels.

Plot summary
The innocent girl is 24-year-old Mary Mallory, who has spent the last seven years in isolation caring for her invalid aunt. After the latter's death, Mary, now living in London, realizes that she has to earn her own money unless she wants to live in relative poverty. She answers the ad of a Comtesse Zamoyski, who is looking for a companion with whom to travel to the Côte d'Azur, and, after an interview, she is accepted for the post. As Mary sees it, her new job combines at least two advantages: seeing the world and proving, to herself as well as her friends, that she is an independent woman. Mary's blinkered view lets her ignore all the warning signs that are pointed out to her. Jessie Stevens, her old schoolmate, even suspects that "White Slavery" could be behind that ad, but Mary does not listen and leaves London with her new employer.

Through a series of coincidences a number of people are alerted to the dangers that might be in store for Mary. Apart from Jessie Stevens, it is Dick Delabrae, a society columnist for The Sun, and his friend Robert Wingate, who happens to be the nephew of Lady Wentworth, whose pearls the gang wants to steal. They all come to Cannes, where the Comtesse Zamoyski and Mary Mallory are staying in a remote villa, in order to help the young woman and prevent the theft of the pearls.

The Comtesse turns out to be rather moody, but at first Mary has no idea that she is associating with criminals. Her first visit to the casino is a huge success: Not only does she win more than £1,500 at baccarat but she also makes the acquaintance of Lady Wentworth, who immediately takes a liking to the charming girl. Later that night, however, back at the villa, she overhears a conversation between the Comtesse, José Santes, allegedly the Comtesse's nephew, and a young Russian called Nadja, allegedly her maid, which makes it unmistakably clear to her that she is staying under the same roof with criminals.

However, escape is now no longer possible. Before she can get away from the villa, Mary Mallory is captured, drugged and hypnotized by the fourth member of the gang, a Frenchman posing as a doctor. On his way to the villa to rescue Mary, Robert Wingate, who has fallen in love with Mary, is kidnapped by Santes's men and thrown into catacombs somewhere below the streets of Cannes. Lady Wentworth is lured to the Comtesse's villa with the prospect of seeing Mary again but after her arrival she is tied to a chair and, in a drug-induced frenzy, stabbed to death by José Santes, a "dope fiend". As she is not wearing her pearls, the gang flee without any loot. When Mary Mallory wakes from her stupor some time later it is only to encounter the French police accusing her of murdering Lady Wentworth, whose body she discovers in the same room where she was lying unconscious.

But Robert Wingate can escape from the dungeon, and all misunderstandings are cleared up in the end. The members of the gang are arrested near the Italian border, and the two couples — Dick and Jessie on the one hand, Robert and Mary on the other — return to England to get married.

Major themes
In Checkmate it is described how railway passengers, before boarding their train, would grab the latest novel from the bookstall at Victoria Station in order to be able to indulge in some light reading during their journey. Checkmate itself would have been such a novel: sensational, thrilling — a variation of the old "damsel in distress" motif —, romantic, sexy, with characters larger than life, with many complications during the plot but a clear-cut ending where good and virtuous behavior is rewarded and evil is punished.

Young women, it seems, are placed into three categories according to their knowledge of the world: Women like Nadja, who have seen and done it all, clearly belong to the "wrong 'un" type; the same would be true of the so-called Comtesse in her younger days ("a woman with a history […] and a past"). Girls such as Jessie Stevens, on the other hand, know what is going on and enjoy life to the full but never do anything illegal or immoral, which implies that they do not indulge in pre-marital sex or recreational drugs. Finally, there are young women like Mary Mallory, who is described as "absolutely a child, so far as the world is concerned" and so gullible she will believe almost anything she is told.

In a world full of double standards of morality, men are conceded a greater amount of freedom. Robert Wingate, for example,

possessed about the usual number of faults and virtues of his type. Whilst certainly not a prig, he could not with justice have been placed in the saintly category. He enjoyed life to the full, but he had a certain code to which he adhered. Briefly, it was this: he was always prepared to be amused by a girl who was "goey", provided she was sufficiently attractive, but no girl of the stricter class had ever had cause to regret getting to know Bobby Wingate. There were certain unwritten rules in the game, and this was one of them. Unlike so many of his contemporaries, he barred married women — which is to say he respected them even when they didn't respect themselves. One day — if ever he did get married — he would be able to look into his wife's eyes without undue shame, which is as much as any man, born of woman, can hope to do. (Chapter IV)

The people who have time and money enough to travel to the Côte d'Azur are seen in rather an unfavorable light. At one point in the novel Robert Wingate explains to Mary Mallory that, "apart from the millionaires, the courtesans, the crooks, and the gamblers", the majority of visitors to Cannes are "émigrés and hivernants — people who leave England in order to escape paying taxes, and who are able to make a better show financially than they would in their own country" (Chapter XII). However, honest members of the British upper and upper middle classes such as Delabrae and Jessie Stevens also mingle with that crowd.

Progress is one of the magic words with that particular set of people, with progress in aviation being especially appealing. The members of the jet set appreciate the fact that there are scheduled flights now not only from Croydon to Le Bourget but also from Paris to Cannes. When Dick Delabrae and Jessie Stevens decide to join Mary in Cannes, they consider the various means of transport available to them:

"How do we go? Blue train?"

"Nothing so prosaic! By air — the only possible way nowadays. You're provincial, my child."

"Provincial be damned!" was the quick retort; "I have only one neck and I want to keep it intact!"

Delabrae laughed at the suggestion of any danger. (Chapter XXIII)

Read on

 * Henry James's 1881 novel The Portrait of a Lady is also about a young innocent woman in the clutches of an older, evil one.
 * Michael Arlen's novel The Green Hat, about the same set of people as described in Checkmate, was a huge success in 1924.
 * Eric Ambler's The Light of Day (1964), which was filmed as Topkapi, is a caper novel in which an unsuspecting man is hired by a gang of criminals.

title: Checkmate (Sydney Horler novel)


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Laganside Corporation

The Laganside Corporation was a non-departmental public body formed by the Laganside Development (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 with the goal of regenerating large sections of land in Belfast, Northern Ireland adjacent to the River Lagan. This development area was expanded in 1996 to include areas closer to the city centre.

The Lagan riverside suffered in particular from poor environmental conditions and the decline of the shipbuilding industry in the 1970s and 80s.

The corporation was wound up in March 2007 and its responsibilities transferred to the Department for Social Development.

History
The Department of the Environment-commissioned Laganside Concept Plan was completed in March 1987, an initiative of Chris Patten and Richard Needham, two Northern Ireland Office ministers. To deliver this plan, Laganside Ltd. was established in October 1987 as an interim measure; the Laganside Development Order (Northern Ireland) 1989 established the Laganside Corporation in May 1989.

The Corporation's original mission statement was:

"to contribute to the revitalisation of Belfast and Northern Ireland through the regeneration of the Laganside area. It has one target: for every £1 of expenditure, investment levels of £5.20 must be achieved. Its current mission statement reflecting a change in emphasis is contributing to the revitalisation of Belfast and Northern Ireland by transforming Laganside to be attractive, accessible and sustainable, recognised as a place of opportunity for all".

Laganside Corporations aims closely followed the Urban Delivery Corporation model:

The corporation was wound up in March 2007 and its responsibilities transferred to the Department for Social Development under the terms of the Laganside Corporation Dissolution Order (Northern Ireland) 2006.
 * "The object of the Corporation shall be to secure the regeneration of the designated area. The object is to be achieved in particular by the following means:
 * By bringing land and buildings into effective use.
 * By encouraging public and private investment and the development of existing and new industry and commerce.
 * By creating an attractive environment.
 * By ensuring that housing, social, recreational and cultural facilities are available to encourage people to live and work in the area."

Developments
Lagan Weir

The weir, completed in 1994, is built across the Lagan between the Queen Elizabeth Bridge and the M3 bridge (completed around the same time). The Lagan Weir was jointly funded by the Corporation and the European Commission. The objective of the structure is to keep the level of the river artificially constant, as it is a tidal river the level of the water varied up to three metres between high and low tide. This exposed mudflats which were unsightly and emitted a strong odour, particularly in the summer months. The transformation of the riverside by the construction of the weir has been a catalyst for development along the riverside. Another part of the project is the "Lagan Lookout" centre which explains the history and function of the weir as well as the history of the Lagan itself.

Lanyon Place

In many ways the flagship development of the Corporation. The Waterfront Hall is located on the site as well as Riverside Tower, (headquarters of BT Northern Ireland ) and the 5-star Hilton Hotel. The Lanyon Quay building was added recently. The development is named after architect Charles Lanyon.

The Odyssey

The Odyssey development was Northern Ireland main "Millennium Project." A budget of £92 million was established; 49% funded by the Millennium Commission, 11% by the Laganside Corporation, 18.5% by the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure, 18.5% by the Sheridan Group and 3.3% by the Sports Council. When completed in 2001, facilities included: Gasworks
 * Vue multiscreen cinema
 * IMAX Cinema (now closed)
 * 10,000 seat indoor arena and home of the Belfast Giants ice-hockey team
 * W5 ("Who when why what where" exhibition)
 * Bars, clubs, restaurants and entertainment

A redevelopment of the city's former Gasworks by Belfast City Council and Laganside Corporation. The development has retained much of the buildings of the gasworks which was closed in 1988, including the "Klondyke Building" now home to the Northern Ireland Environment Agency which lines the Ormeau Road and its restored clock tower. The area between this and the Lagan has been cleared, and the site's massive gas holders (once the largest in the world) have been removed. The landmark tenant is the £45 million Halifax call centre building. Other tenants at the site include: Clarendon Dock
 * Radisson SAS Hotel
 * BBC Technology
 * Department for Social Development – Tenants of James House and The Lighthouse Building
 * Driver and Vehicle Licensing Northern Ireland.

The first site to be completed, this has become a major business park as well as the home to the Corporation when it was in existence.

Mays Meadow

Adjacent to Lanyon Place, has two major financial institutions, an Abbey call centre and the local headquarters of PricewaterhouseCoopers.

Donegall Quay and The Quays

Donegall Quay is a road linking Oxford Street to Corporation Square. The quay itself is located north of the Lagan Weir, between it and the M3 bridge. In February 2005 Laganside announced the Obel Tower, Northern Ireland's tallest building.

Custom House Square

Custom House Square improved the link between Laganside and the city centre.

Cathedral Quarter

The area around St. Anne's Cathedral is an important cultural centre.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Laganside Corporation


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Fila Fresh Crew

The Fila Fresh Crew was a hip-hop group from Dallas, Texas. consisting of Fresh K, Dr. Rock and The D.O.C. (known then as Doc-T).

History
Dr. Rock's association with Dr. Dre during his stint as a DJ for the World Class Wreckin' Cru helped land the Fila Fresh Crew a spot on the N.W.A and the Posse compilation album in 1987. A year later, the trio released the EP Tuffest Man Alive which was promoted with three singles.

Doc-T left the group and changed his name to The D.O.C., becoming a valuable contributor to Eazy-E's debut album and newly formed gangsta rap group N.W.A. Acting as a writer to many tracks with Ruthless Records (and later Death Row Records), the D.O.C. is most remembered for his 1989 debut album No One Can Do It Better featuring the hit single "It's Funky Enough".

Though the Fila Fresh Crew had disbanded by 1988, Dr. Rock launched a solo album of his own in 1991 under the pseudonym Fela Fresh Crew. In 2017, Tuffest Man Alive was released on CD for the first time with a previously released b-side ("I Wanna Know What Love Is") included as a bonus track.

title: Fila Fresh Crew


text: User talk:68.13.252.40

title: User talk:68.13.252.40


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User talk:SmarterChild

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 00:28, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Regarding "History of Backpack Design", see No original research. Of course, as a backpack engineer you may be knowledgable regarding great sources on backpack design. More importantly, the article on backpack is currently not long enough to require a seperate article devoted to their designs. Also, the titles of Wikipedia articles should use Lowercase_second_and_subsequent_words (Naming conventions (capitalization)).

But don't be discouraged by Dhartung, as I see little at the top of the page that would have discouraged your nominating "History of Backpack Design" (though I agree that it is not, in practice, what the Collaboration of the Week is intended for. Spinning rims (Rims? is it a brand name?) is, I think, a more than appropriate COTW nominee) and there is a written policy against biting newcomers. Hyacinth 00:28, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:SmarterChild


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User talk:Mj.milloy

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Viriditas | Talk 00:28, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Raoul Duke
In the book, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, the name, Raoul Duke refers to Hunter S. Thompson while Dr. Gonzo refers to his attorney, Oscar Acosta. --Viriditas | Talk 00:35, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mj.milloy


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General Anaya metro station (Mexico City)

General Anaya is a station on Line 2 of the Mexico City Metro system. It is located in the Coyoacán borough of Mexico City, directly south of the city centre in the median of Calzada de Tlalpan, and right next to the Estudios Churubusco. It is a surface station.

General information
The station logo shows a military officer standing next to a cannon, this due to the fact that the station is named after General Pedro María Anaya, commander of the Mexican forces during the 1847 Battle of Churubusco of the Mexican–American War. The battle happened around the small monastery of Churubusco, located not far away from the station. The monastery was later turned into the Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones and still exhibits some of the artillery used during the battle. The station opened on 1 August 1970.

Nearby

 * Parque Masayoshi Ōhira, park dedicated to the friendship between Mexico and Japan.
 * Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones, National Museum of the Interventions.
 * Club Campestre de la Ciudad de México, country club.
 * Estudios Churubusco, movie studios.
 * Centro Nacional de las Artes, national center of arts, housing the national schools of film, performing arts, classic and contemporary dance, music and painting, sculpture and printmaking.

Exits

 * East: Calzada de Tlalpan between Corredores street and Ciclistas street, Colonia Country Club
 * West: Calzada de Tlalpan between 20 de agosto street and Callejón General Anaya, Colonia Churubusco


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Cidade Velha

Cidade Velha (, Portuguese for "old city", also: Santiago de Cabo Verde) is a city in the southern part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. Founded in 1462 by Portuguese traders, it is the oldest settlement in Cape Verde and its former capital. Once called Ribeira Grande by the Portuguese colonists, they changed its name to Cidade Velha in the late 18th century after relocating the capital to Praia. It is the seat of the Ribeira Grande de Santiago municipality.

Located on an island off Africa's northwest coast, this town was the first European colonial settlement in the tropics. Some of the meticulously planned original design of the site is still intact, including a royal fortress, two churches and a 16th-century town square. Today, Cidade Velha is an Atlantic shipping stop and center for Creole culture. The city became a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is designated in 2009 as one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World.

Geography
Cidade Velha is situated on the south coast of Santiago, at the mouth of the river Ribeira Grande de Santiago. It is 10 km west of the capital Praia. City subdivisions include Largo Pelourinho, São Sebastião, Santo António, and São Pedro.

History
The island of Santiago was discovered in 1460 by António da Noli, a Genoese in Portuguese service. Da Noli settled in 1462 at Ribeira Grande with his family members and Portuguese colonists from Algarve and Alentejo. The site had good conditions, as there was abundant water from Ribeira Grande. This gave it an advantage over the other settlement on Santiago, Alcatrazes.

The settlement became a key port of call for Portuguese colonisation in both Africa and South America. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was a centre of maritime trade between Africa, the Cape of Good Hope, Brazil, and the Caribbean. Due to its proximity to the African coast, it was an essential platform for the trade in enslaved Africans.

Cidade Velha's port was a stopping place for two great navigators: Vasco da Gama, in 1497, on his way to India, and Christopher Columbus, in 1498, while on his third voyage to the Americas. In 1522, it was the stopping place for the expedition of explorer Ferdinand Magellan, sailing for Spain and on the final leg of the survivors' circumnavigation of the world.

Cidade Velha has the oldest colonial church in the world: Nossa Senhora do Rosário church, which was constructed in 1495. In 1533, Cidade Velha became the seat of the new Roman Catholic Diocese of Santiago de Cabo Verde, created by papal bull of Pope Clement VII. Today the seat is in Praia, in keeping with its status as capital.

The riches of Ribeira Grande and conflicts between Portugal and rival colonial powers France and Britain attracted pirate attacks, including those by Francis Drake (1585) and Jacques Cassard (1712). Despite the construction of Forte Real de São Filipe in 1587–93, Ribeira Grande remained vulnerable and went into decline. The capital was moved to Praia in 1770.

Ribeira Grande (now Cidade Velha) was reduced to the rank of a village and its civil, religious and military buildings began to decay after so many institutions left. Since the 1960s, restoration works have begun. In 2009, this was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Sites of interest

 * Pelourinho (Pillory), erected in 1512 or 1520. At this marble pillar rebellious slaves were punished publicly. It was restored in the 1960s. It stands at the main square of the city.
 * Forte Real de São Filipe, constructed in 1587–93. This fort was built as defence from pirate attacks (mainly by French and English). The elevation is 120 m above sea level.
 * Nossa Senhora do Rosário church, the oldest colonial church in the world, built in 1495. It has a side chapel in Manueline Gothic style.
 * Ruins of Sé Cathedral. Its construction started in 1556 and was completed in 1705; the church was pillaged in 1712. Its impressive ruins (the church was 60 m long) have been conserved in 2004.
 * Ruins of the convent of São Francisco, built in 1657 on a slope outside the city centre. The convent church was restored in 2002.
 * Many traditional houses can be found along the streets rua Banana and rua Carreira.

Climate
Cidade Velha has a hot arid climate (Köppen BWh). Its average annual rainfall is 201 mm, and its average temperature is 25.2 °C. The coolest month is January (average 23.0 °C) and the hottest is October (average 28.0 °C).

title: Cidade Velha


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Richard Read

Richard Read (born 1957) is a freelance reporter based in Seattle, where he was a national reporter and bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times from 2019 to 2021. A two-time Pulitzer Prize winner, he was a senior writer and foreign correspondent for The Oregonian, working for the Portland, Oregon newspaper from 1981 to 1986 and 1989 until 2016.

Read has reported from more than 60 countries and all seven continents, covering wars in Cambodia and Afghanistan and disasters including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and Japan's 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident. He won his first Pulitzer in 1999, The Oregonian's first in 42 years, for explaining the Asian financial crisis by following a container of french fries from a Northwest farm to the Far East, in a series that ended with riots presaging the Fall of Suharto.

Early life
Read was born in St Andrews, Scotland, to Katharine Read and Arthur Hinton Read, a mountaineer and St. Andrews University mathematics professor who worked during World War II for the Government Code and Cypher School that cracked the codes in Germany's Enigma machine. His paternal grandfather was John Read (chemist). He grew up in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he and several grade-school friends at Shady Hill School founded a newspaper called The Old Rabbit. He graduated in 1975 from Concord Academy and in 1980 from Amherst College, where he edited The Amherst Student newspaper.

Career
Read was press secretary in 1980 for the Ward Commission, a Massachusetts crime commission that exposed widespread corruption and proposed reforms including campaign-finance legislation whose design he oversaw. He moved to Portland in 1981 to become a reporter for The Oregonian.

In 1996-1997, Read was a Nieman Foundation fellow at Harvard University. He was selected by the Eisenhower Fellowships for a month's reporting in Peru in 1998, interviewing President Alberto Fujimori. He reported in North Korea in 1989 and 2007.

Read left The Oregonian in 2016 after taking a buyout, leaving words of advice to colleagues.

In 2016, Read joined the public-interest investigative reporting team at NerdWallet, a San Francisco company that helps consumers navigate personal finance. Team members investigated student-loan debt-relief companies, posting a Watch List of 150 businesses for borrowers to avoid. Read was a Pulitzer Prize juror in 2016, serving on the committee that nominated entrants in the explanatory reporting category.

In 2019, Read became a national reporter and Seattle bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times, covering Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Alaska and Hawaii. A story by Read the next year on a super-spreading event early in the coronavirus pandemic gained a record online readership of more than 8 million, reporting on the deaths of two Skagit Valley Chorale members after a rehearsal on March 10, 2020.

According to a New York Times Sunday magazine article, the story attracted the attention of researchers who went on to study the incident and prove that Covid-19 spread through the air via respiratory aerosols—not merely via droplets and surface contact. Scientists from 32 countries cited the choir incident as a prime example of airborne contagion when they urged the World Health Organization and U.S. Centers for Disease Control to acknowledge aerosols as a transmission route. The agencies changed their guidance, potentially saving many lives.

Read retired from the Los Angeles Times in September, 2021.

Awards
Read won the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting in 1999 for a series that dramatized the global effects of the Asian financial crisis through the movement of a container of french fries from a Washington-state farm to a McDonald's restaurant in Singapore. The series also received the Overseas Press Club award for best business reporting from abroad, the Scripps Howard Foundation award for business reporting and the Blethen award for enterprise reporting.

In 2000 he received the Oregon governor’s award for achievement in international business, and in 1999 and 2002 he was named the state’s international citizen of the year. In 2003, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Willamette University.

In 2001, he was one of four reporters on a team that, with editorial writers, won The Oregonian the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for chronicling abuses by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service.

In 2009, Read was a member of a team named as a finalist for the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting for reports on a breakthrough in production of microprocessors. He won first-place awards for reporting on social issues (2001,2005), business (1998, 2004, 2011), spot news (1997), education (1990) from the Pacific Northwest Society of Professional Journalists.

In 2011, he won first place for Best of the West business and financial reporting. In 2012, he won first place for best feature story/personality from the Oregon Newspaper Publishers Association.

In 2018, Read received the National Press Club's Consumer Journalism Award for periodicals, awarded to NerdWallet for his investigation of U.S. Agriculture Department failings in policing the $43 billion organic food industry. A Costa Rican legislative committee held hearings on allegations reported by Read against USDA certifiers and a Costa Rican company accused of exporting "organic" pineapples grown with banned chemicals.

In 2024, Read received the Joan Shaw Herman Distinguished Service Award, presented annually to a graduate of Concord Academy whose life exemplifies service to others. Read became the first journalist to receive the award since the only prize bestowed by the school was established in 1976.

Other work
From 2007–2008, Read was president of the Board of Directors of The International School, a Portland full-immersion language elementary school, where he served as a trustee for six years. Read serves on the board of The Lund Report and Oregon Health Forum, a nonprofit organization with a speakers program and an independent newsroom that covers healthcare in Oregon and southwest Washington.

title: Richard Read


text:
Brantford—Brant (federal electoral district)

Brantford—Brant is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1904 to 1949 and since 1968.

Prior to the 2015 election, the riding was known as Brant.

History
The federal riding was first created in 1903 from parts of Brant South riding. It consisted of the County of Brant, excluding parts included in the Brantford riding.

In 1924, it was defined as consisting of the townships of Burford, South Dumfries, Onondaga, Tuscarora the part of the township of Brantford lying east of the Grand River, and the part of the city of Brantford not included in the electoral district of Brantford City. In 1933, it was expanded to include the town of Paris.

The federal electoral district was abolished in 1947 when it was redistributed between Brant—Wentworth and Brantford ridings.

The federal riding was recreated in 1966 from parts of Brant—Haldimand, Brantford and Haldimand—Norfolk—Brant ridings. It consisted initially of the County of Brant, and the Six Nations and New Credit Indian reserves.

In 1976, it was defined as consisting of the County of Brant. In 1987, it was defined as consisting of the City of Brantford, the Town of Paris, and the townships of Brantford and South Dumfries. In 2003, it was redefined as using the 1966 definition.

Brant was largely incorporated into the new riding of Brantford—Brant, with small territories going to Oxford and Cambridge during the 2012 electoral redistribution.

Demographics

 * According to the 2021 Canadian census

Languages: 85.5% English, 1.8% Punjabi, 1.1% Polish

Religions: 53.1% Christian (22.0% Catholic, 5.6% Anglican, 5.5% United Church, 2.7% Baptist, 1.7% Presbyterian, 1.6% Pentecostal, 1.0% Reformed, 13.0% Other), 2.2% Sikh, 1.8% Muslim, 1.4% Hindu, 40.0% None

Median income: $40,800 (2020)

Average income: $49,800 (2020)

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:


text: User talk:69.153.244.188

title: User talk:69.153.244.188


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Wikipedia:WikiProject Comics/Color scheme

The information on this page is now deprecated.

Color scheme
For the comic_color and alliance_color parameters in Superherobox and Superteambox, and comic_color in Supersupportingbox and Comiccharacterbox, use the value from the appropriate "Color" cell in the following table.


text:
Talk:Cenobite (Hellraiser)

Backgrounds
There is an entire storyline about the cenobites themselves, it includes their origins, their duties in hell, what they represent, all kinds of things! Can't someone find this and write it up? ARGH! YOU SUCK! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.134.44.77 (talk • contribs) 00:36, 23 February 2005
 * If such a thing exists, it's fanon, and has no place in this article. This article is concerned with the film series and The Hellbound Heart, which offer little about the Cenobites' backgrounds.  Pinhead is sketched in the second and third films, but is a minor character in the novella.  The others aren't delineated at all. Canonblack 04:46, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

Who sucks? If you're so damn concerned and knowledgable about it, write it yourself. 66.55.193.240 15:20, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

Since no one else seems to want to take the initiative I will start adding backgrounds for the cenobites myself. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.55.193.240 (talk • contribs) 15:20, 28 December 2005

Whoops...
Sorry about deleting everything when I created that disambiguation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Andy Christ (talk • contribs) 06:03, 17 January 2006

Rewrite?
This article seems skewed almost entirely toward the film versions of the Cenobites. There is very little here that ties to the novella. Most of the "identities" or titles listed for the various Cenobites are fanon or studio marketing copy and are not used in the films themselves. The supposition that the Engineer in the novella is a Cenobite is technically correct (it is referred to as "the fifth Cenobite" who is mysteriously absent when Frank Cotton solves the puzzle — Frank was expecting the Engineer to appear with them), we are never told what exactly the Engineer is, and its powers, M.O. and appearance seem radically different from the other Cenobites. Among other properties: I think this article needs a rewrite to differentiate between novella, Epic Comics and film depictions, and if the fanon/hype titles and identities are to be retained, then we need a section devoted to fanon contributions as well. As it stands, the article is of only trivial value because it's just a mishmash of random factoids without differentiation or source citations. This is an encyclopedia, not a fan site. Canonblack 13:44, 14 March 2006 (UTC)
 * The Engineer is the only one to have a name/title.
 * Cenobites have mutilated ash gray bodies, but the Engineer can pass for human (it runs into Kirsty in the street as she escapes the Cotton house) and can animate the bodies of the dead (it introduces itself to Kirsty while occupying Julia's corpse). Its only identifying mark is a ball of intense flickering energy where its head should be or its head seems engulfed in flame from certain angles.

Leviathan
The term "Leviathan" links to an entry that describes the Biblical creature. The Hellraiser mythos needs a new entry and a new definition for the term because the Christian leviathan is not the Hellraiser leviathan.

Mikeymichaels 10:57, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

Cenobite links to itself
Weird Al played this game on his website, where a link to another site actually linked back to the site itself. Is this article deliberately copying this technique for a Hell-ish reason or is it a mistake? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.113.49.126 (talk) 00:07, 5 September 2009 (UTC)

Rewording the article for Hellraiser: Bloodline
The article gives a wrong impression as to thinking the Pinhead is still the evil-monster type in Hellraiser III. In III, there is no former human in him so he doesn't follow Hell's rule. Hence why he massacres all the people in the club and makes cenobites out of innocent people. Pinhead and his human self remerge at the end of III. In four that Pinhead is very much the combined. His motives are only to open the gate to hell forever. He's not acting as a "super-villain" as the article suggests. He targets the bloodline that is guilty. They opened the gate to hell and never gave themselves to it, he's only following the rules. Which remember in Hellbound, Kirsty didn't open the box this time yet they still wanted her because she never payed under there rules for the first time, despite delivering them Frank, but then Pinhead kind of did have a thing for Kirsty herself. As far as the guards go, they willingly entered hell so Pinhead turned them into cenobites. It was shown in III, that anyone can be given the cenobite transformation, whether evil, desiring it, or not. When they entered Hell, they were far game under hell's rule. Which is why I say we just removed the part to mention Bloodline and say the "super-villain" aspect only appeared in part III for the reasons stated. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 63.27.9.223 (talk) 20:59, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

OR Tag in powers and abilities section
I tagged the "powers and abilities" section as OR because it doesn't cite any sources whatsoever, and lines like "Though not entirely confirmed, they seem to be able to summon forth their chains from any nearby shadows" sound like pure speculation to me. I'm not familiar enough with the franchise to know whether or not these sources even exist. I know there's been a book written within the past few years about the franchise - maybe that could serve? Eldamorie (talk) 17:11, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

Deletion explained. LeProf
The "Powers and abilities in the films" section was deleted for inattention to 2011 Original Research tag, and for (in that same time frame) persisting with essentially no citations to traceable, encyclopedia source material. While it may seem harsh, this is intended as a conservative redaction: nearly the *entire* of the article is either original research, or plagiarised, and so currently unsuitable for Wikipedia.

As well, there is the passing time: no one, in two years, has seen it important enough to deal with the persistent, critical issues. Hence, it is this editor and contributor's view that the entire article should be converted to a stub; the original / cribbed material can be placed into Talk, so those caring to can begin the process of creating a real Wikipedia article (from the archived original, or carte blanche). Otherwise, articles of this status, with years of inattention to *fundamental* wikipedia policy, are a pox on an online source attempting to move toward being a credible information source. LeProf — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.223.9.222 (talk) 00:30, 7 November 2013 (UTC)

Hellraiser: Judgment
I'm posting this since someone might add it later, but please keep in mind that the new characters in Hellraiser: Judgment from the yellow dimension are not Cenobites 2 in a similar way that Kylo Ren and Supreme Leader Snoke are not Sith. "Cenobite" specifically refers to the organisation in Hell in which Pinhead belongs, which the Auditor and company are associated with but function in another sect of Hell. Thanks.  Dark knight  2149  23:35, 24 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cenobite (Hellraiser)


text:
Ram's horn

Ram’s horn or ram horn usually refers to the spiral bony projection grown on the head of a male sheep (ram). It may also refer to:

 * Ram's Horn (restaurant), a restaurant chain based in Detroit, Michigan, US
 * Ram's horn (shoe), or pigache, a type of shoe with a long, pointed, turned up toe
 * Bukkehorn, an ancient Scandinavian musical instrument
 * Onychogryphosis, a medical condition which produces toenails known as "ram's horns"
 * Proboscidea (plant), a genus of plants
 * Shofar, a horn used as a musical instrument in Judaism
 * The IPA letter for the close-mid back unrounded vowel, known as "ram's horns"

title: Ram's horn


text:
File:Poohs heffalump movie.jpg

fair use in Pooh's Heffalump Movie
This image was taken from http://www.impawards.com/2005/poohs_heffalump_movie.html and the copyright holder is Walt Disney pictures. It is believed that the use of scaled-down, low-resolution images of movie posters to illustrate the movie in question or to provide critical analysis of the poster content or artwork on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. The use of this image to identify the film does not effect the copyright holder's ability to distribute or otherwise make use of the said film.

title: File:Poohs heffalump movie.jpg


text:
Coventry Health Care

Coventry Health Care, Inc. was a health insurer in the United States. It had 3.7 million medical members, 1.5 million Medicare Part D members, and 900,000 Medicaid members. In May 2013, the company was acquired by Aetna for $5.7 billion.

History
The company was founded in 1986 in Nashville by Phil Bredesen.

In August 1998, the company merged with Principal Health Care and moved its headquarters to Bethesda, Maryland.

In October 2000, the company acquired WellPath, the managed care subsidiary of Duke University Health System, for $20.7 million.

In October 2010, the company acquired MHP (Mercy Health Plans), an insurer with approximately 180,000 members in Missouri and northwest Arkansas.

In January 2012, the company acquired Children's Mercy's Family Health Partners.

In May 2013, the company was acquired by Aetna for $5.7 billion.

title: Coventry Health Care


text:
Tenes massacre

According to the "Algerian Committee of Free Activists for Human Dignity and the Rights of Man", which says its claims are based on witnesses' testimony, 173 corpses were found in the forest of El Marsa near Ténès (eastern Algeria) on May 4, 1994 of people kidnapped by the security services and/or the pro-government paramilitary Organisation of Young Free Algerians (OJAL) in the villages of Taougrit, Ouled Boudoua, Sidi Moussa and Tala Aïssa following the killing of 16 soldiers by Islamist guerrillas in an ambush nearby on April 25. This figure appears to include 65 people who had been taken away from the Taougrit mosque on April 29 by uniformed men, and were found killed outside the village. However, it is unclear whether any of these claims have been independently substantiated, and the Algerian Civil War provides obvious potential motives for opposition groups to try to discredit the military. If the claims are correct, this would be one of the earliest large-scale massacres of the Algerian civil conflict.

title: Tenes massacre


text: User talk:70.19.136.243

title: User talk:70.19.136.243


text:
Talk:Rake (stock character)

Removal of Prodigal Son from the list
While there is no doubt that the character of the Prodigal Son, spoken of by Jesus in parable form, is young and riotous, he nevertheless does not fit the description of a Rake.

If a Rake is to be described as a young man who impregnates a young woman and then leaves her in social and/or financial ruin, then the Prodigal Son does not fit this description. Although the young man is described as riotous and indulging himself in parties, in Jesus' parable there is no description of the man having a sexual relationship with a woman and then leaving her.

If the description of Rake in this article is broader than what has been described in the opening paragraph, and can be referred generally to riotous young men, then I will be happy to revert this change - so long as the opening paragraph is changed as well. --One Salient Oversight 00:53, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * You are right, in that the description as it stood is mostly about a cad rather than a rake; I have expanded it a bit. -- Smerdis of Tlön 04:23, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Rake should go to the TOOL
Just my opinion, but when someone looks up rake, chances are they are looking up the tool. Themindset 01:09, 26 May 2005 (UTC)

 * I second this. - furrykef (Talk at me) 02:55, 26 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Indeed. If there are no objections, I'm going to at the very least put up a disamb. page. --Matt Yeager 03:49, August 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * It should probably be changed to 'Cad'. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.229.224.133 (talk) 20:19, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

Fictional Rakes
Um... I never realized Lord Byron was fictional?
 * He wasn't! I've moved him. Rsimmonds01 22:36, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

Proposed Move
I'd like to move this page and make Rake the disambiguation page. Any comments and/or suggestions for the new name? Was thinking Rake (drama) or Rake (character). Maybe someone who knows more about the topic could suggest something. SilentC 01:51, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

Definition is too narrow
A rake need not be a fictional character. See the Shorter Oxford: "A fashionable or stylish person, esp. a man, of dissolute or promiscuous habits." In Wikipedia, Francis Dashwood (a historical figure) is described as a rake. -- Rsholmes 01:37, 28 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Then perhaps he should be added to the list here. --Davecampbell 17:23, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

"Rakehell"? or not?
Initially the article says the word is a contraction of "rakehell" but later on it says this is a folk (false) etymology. 70.19.88.122 19:38, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Link doesn't work
The link at the bottom of the page to an external site doesn't work any more. I'm trying to work out what it referred to before. Unless anyone has any objections, I'll delete it.

I've now deleted the link. DJ Lemsip 15:51, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

Is Rake gender specific?
After searching a few dictionaries and a quick google search, I find no mention of this term applying exclusively to men, but rather to people. The article on the other hand seems to beg to differ. Any thoughts? Ardent †alk ∈ 23:43, 22 May 2008 (UTC)

As far as I know, yes it is gender specific - just as terms such as "slut" only apply to women nowadays.

Rake in Restoration Comedy
I would like to add the categories of the Rake in Restoration comedy. Additions welcome. Dalmatiner Henry (talk) 13:42, 9 December 2008 (UTC) The section on the rake is taken from my edition of Sir Charles Sedley's comedies "The Mulberry-Garden" and "Bellamira: or, The Mistress. (Holger Hanowell).Dalmatiner Henry (talk) 20:31, 9 December 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dalmatiner Henry (talk • contribs) 20:13, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

A bounder and a cad
The OED says: Bob Boothby (nicknamed "The Bounder" - seducing Macmillan's wife and all that) was famously called "a bounder, but not a cad" by the Queen Mother. Saying that someone's behaviour is anti-social is not the same as saying it is "low and vulgar". The article is wrong about the social connotations of the two words.
 * a bounder is "a person of objectionable manners or anti-social behaviour."
 * a cad is "a fellow of low vulgar manners and behaviour. (An offensive and insulting appellation.)"

Consider also the quotation the OED has for cad from the 1868 book Lessons of Middle Age (p142): "You cannot make a vulgar offensive cad conduct himself as a gentleman." Tsinfandel (talk) 00:29, 31 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, a low born ungentlemanly cad is definately not to be confused with an aristocratic rake. The words have different meanings and refer to different social types who lived in different periods. "Rake" is a 17th century word (derived from "rakehell") and "cad" is eighteenth century (derived from "caddie" - meaning someone looking for employment...Colin4C (talk) 20:59, 28 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Note also that the wikipedia is not a dictionary in which terms are given definition. It is an encyclopedia about real things in the real world. The "rake" was a well known character in life and on the stage in the 17th century and later. Dragging in such recherche slang words of a different era and different meaning as cad, and bounder and heel is inaccurate, inappropriate and just plain weird. Colin4C (talk) 21:32, 28 January 2010 (UTC)
 * This is the sheerest imbecility. Macmillan's biography by Horne (2nd volume) makes it quite clear there are clearly perceptible differences between cads and bounders, mainly concerning the protagonist's ability to seduce his colonel's wife and win the VC with it. The differences between the concepts are palpable.
 * Wikipedia ought not to group these concepts together, still less subsume them under the inappropriate Georgian term of "rake", and attribute differences as merely linguistical, protesting, naively and vainly, that Wiktionary shall be the appropriate forum to sort wheat from chaff - as "Colin4C" seems happy to do with his fortuitous lack of comprehension of the vagarities of the English language.
 * Our friend Colin (Hunt?) is not a Septic - perhaps he should behave on Wikipedia as such? Marplesmustgo (talk) 16:31, 11 March 2011 (UTC)

 * According to my 1984 copy of “The Compleet Molesworth”, pp 144-6 tell us that “Cads have always a grandmother who is the DUCHESS of BLANK hem hem. They are inclined to cheat at conkers having baked them for 300 years in the ancestral ovens.” And much more. Mr Larrington (talk) 00:48, 17 May 2022 (UTC)

Lists
Editors, do feel free to add referenced info to the appropriate (historical or fictional) prose sections of this article, rather than compiling vast redundant, original research, unreferenced lists at the end. Colin4C (talk) 08:27, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

Terms and gender
For men there are: cad, bounder, rake, rascal, rogue, blackguard...

For women is there anything more than adventuress and slut? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.195.193.37 (talk) 12:13, 13 July 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rake (stock character)


text: File:Cursed poster.jpg

title: File:Cursed poster.jpg


text:
Di shkhita

Di shkhita was an 1899 Yiddish play by Jacob Gordin. The title refers to the Kosher slaughter of animals, and has been variously rendered in English as The Butchery or The Slaughter. The play is a protest against arranged marriage.

The central character—played in the original production by Keni Liptzin—is a young woman, married off to a butcher with a mistress and three grown children by a previous marriage. Her overbearing husband drives her mad; in the play's climax, she murders him with the ritual slaughter knife.

title: Di shkhita


text:
Spin transistor

The magnetically sensitive transistor, also known as the spin transistor, spin field-effect transistor (spinFET), Datta–Das spin transistor or spintronic transistor (named for spintronics, the technology which this development spawned), originally proposed in 1990 by Supriyo Datta and Biswajit Das, is an alternative design on the common transistor invented in the 1940s. This device was considered one of the Nature milestones in spin in 2008.

Description
The spin transistor comes about as a result of research on the ability of electrons (and other fermions) to naturally exhibit one of two (and only two) states of spin: known as "spin up" and "spin down". Thus, spin transistors operate on electron spin as embodying a two-state quantum system. Unlike its namesake predecessor, which operates on an electric current, spin transistors operate on electrons on a more fundamental level; it is essentially the application of electrons set in particular states of spin to store information.

One advantage over regular transistors is that these spin states can be detected and altered without necessarily requiring the application of an electric current. This allows for detection hardware (such as hard drive heads) that are much smaller but even more sensitive than today's devices, which rely on noisy amplifiers to detect the minute charges used on today's data storage devices. The potential result is devices that can store more data in less space and consume less power, using less costly materials. The increased sensitivity of spin transistors is also being researched in creating more sensitive automotive sensors, a move being encouraged by a push for environmentally friendlier vehicles.

A second advantage of a spin transistor is that the spin of an electron is semi-permanent and can be used as means of creating cost-effective non-volatile solid state storage that does not require the constant application of current to sustain. It is one of the technologies being explored for magnetic random access memory (MRAM).

Because of its high potential for practical use in the computer world, spin transistors are currently being researched in various firms throughout the world, such as in England and in Sweden. Recent breakthroughs have allowed the production of spin transistors, using readily available substances, that can operate at room temperature: a precursor to commercial viability.

title: Spin transistor


text:
File:Pacifier poster.jpg

Summary
Description: Movie poster from The Pacifier. Source: © Walt Disney Company. All Rights Reserved.

Licensing
It is believed that the use of scaled-down, low-resolution images of movie posters to illustrate the movie in question or to provide critical analysis of the poster content or artwork on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. The use of this image to identify the film does not effect the copyright holder's ability to distribute or otherwise make use of the said film.

title: File:Pacifier poster.jpg


text:
User talk:Abdulmakesfonts

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Flockmeal 01:01, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)
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Proposed Interstate Highways
You're adding stuff about proposed extensions to these corridors and other proposed numbers (like "Some sections of this route are also proposed as extensions of existing Interstates." for I-14). Have these plans been considered on an official level? --SPUI (talk) 22:17, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

WSTB
Your photo makes an excellent addition to the WSTB article! Thank you very much for contributing! -- SwissCelt 17:23, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

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Image:Vrock1994.jpg
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Nomination of WFRZ-LD for deletion
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title: User talk:Abdulmakesfonts


text:
Organisation of Young Free Algerians

The Organization of Young Free Algerians (OJAL, French: Organisation des jeunes Algériens libres) was a pro-government armed group that claimed credit for various attacks against civilians who sympathised with the Islamists during the Algerian Civil War. It was active mainly in 1994 and 1995. However, it was a front under which elements of the DRS, the Algerian security services, operated. OJAL never existed as an independent organisation.

Acts for which OJAL took credit

 * The abduction (on 26 November 1993) and killing of Mohamed Bouslimani, president of the Islamic charity El Irshad wa el Islah and founding member of HMS. This abduction was also claimed by the GIA.
 * The kidnapping and torture of Islamic Salvation Front (FIS - then dissolved) founding member and mathematician Mohamed Tedjini Boudjelkha in November 1993; he was released after 5 days.
 * The threat in February 1994 that "If a woman is attacked for not wearing a chador, OJAL will take vengeance by purely and simply liquidating 20 women wearing a hijab."

Testimony from a former DRS agent
According to Aggoun and Rivoire (2004), OJAL was a name that was made up by a group within the DRS, the Algerian security service: "'In September 2001, the ex-adjudant Abdelkader Tigha, sub-officer of the DRS who had deserted at the end of 1999, revealed that the acronym OJAL had been invented by the right-hand man of the CTRI (Centre Territorial de Recherche et d'Investigation / Territorial Research and Investigation Centre) of Blida, Captain Abdelhafid Allouache ..., and that it was subsequently used by other departments of the DRS as a cover in order to murder enemies with impunity.'"

Abdelkader Tigha, DRS head of a brigade at the CTRI of Blida, first military region, was charged with getting information on the Armed Islamic Groups (GIA) and with infiltrating them. According to Tigha, who has requested the status of political refugee: "'Before the deterioration of the state of security in Blida (daily bombings, attacks on barracks), my service had received the order [in 1993], directly from General Lamari Smain [head of counter-espionage in the DRS, itself directed by General Mohamed Médiène ], to limit translations before a tribunal, this means starting to execute arrested people in order to diminish the GIA's recruiting and scare the civilian population...'" Police forces were put in 1993 under the authority of the CTRI security services. "Nothing changed from 1993 to 1997" continued Tigha, executions followed arrests. According to Tigha, the police and military were “well aware of what was going on” and their job was to “collect and bury the corpses," on which the acronym OJAL was written. The organization had also posted false flyers to accredit its existence, which was allegedly only a useful cover to dissimulate the acts committed by the counter-insurgency.

The heads of the DRS, Mohamed Médiène and Lamari Smain, decided to create groups of "Patriots" which they armed in order to fight the Islamists. Head of the Armed Forces, Mohamed Lamari (no family ties with Lamari Smain), decided in 1997 to change their names to GLD (Groupe de Légitime Défense, Legitime Defense Groups), allegedly because of fears of prosecution by international courts. According to Tigha, these armed civilians were ordered to kill whole families of targeted Islamists, creating a cycle of vengeance, and to protect wealthy families and homes. They were under complete protection of the security forces. Hence, those responsible for the murder of GIA's emir Antar Zouabri's family were protected by the DRS according to Tigha's testimony.

Testimony from Mohamed Samraoui
Former colonel Mohamed Samraoui claimed in a 2003 book that the Algerian secret service had sponsored false flag attacks attributed to the Islamists but organized by them. He described a 1995 scene with Colonel Mohamed Benabdallah, officer of the Special Forces of the CCLAS (Centre de Commandement de la Lutte Antisubversive / Centre Command of the Antisubversive Fight.): "Colonel Mohamed Benabdallah would be proud in my presence for being one of the men in charge of OJAL, death squadron of the DRS created under General Toufik." According to Samraoui, the OJAL became active in November 1993, but its peak activity was during March and April 1994, when it claimed credit for tens of assassinations. "One can say that the real chief of the OJAL was General Mohamed Lamari, since he was the boss of the CC/ALAS, from which depended the paratroopers-commandos and the DRS elements responsibles of these crimes. Colonel Benabdallah indicated to me that if Islamists had committed numerous assassinations of political personalities, the Army had also engaged in this itself: it "struck back against all journalists, scientists or officials who gave support to the Fundamentalist cause."

Aggoun and Rivoire (2004)
Aggoun and Rivoire continue:

"According to the media, these groups are made up of young citizens who feel the need to eradicate all forms of Islam from Algeria. To the Algerians who lived through the Independence War, the mysterious acronym OJAL reminds them of the Organization of the French Algerian Resistance (ORAF), a group of counter-terrorists created in December 1956 by the DST (Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire / Territorial Surveillance Directorate) whose mission was to carry out terrorist attacks with the aim of quashing any hopes of political compromise. Since its creation, the OJAL appears to work in the same way as the ORAF, the Triple A or Mano Negra – the South American equivalents which operated during the 1970s."

Amnesty International
According to the evidence collected by Amnesty International, the OJAL acted “as one with the security forces” and a number of people killed by these same security forces had “received death threats some time beforehand from OJAL”

title: Organisation of Young Free Algerians


text:
User:Rama/Nemo of honour

The Nemo of Honour is my own personal little honorific distinction.

For some reasons, I don't feel very comfortable with the barnstar So I drafted this, which is supposed to be in the spirit of the "good points" images which were given to school children in the 19th Century. It's supposed to be more personal (the images are chosen for each user) and of less consequence than the barnstar.
 * Will the barnstar make the user look "officially approved" and give him more weight ?
 * If other users disagree with the barnstar, is there a risk that they might start distributing barnstars everywhere "to compensate" ?

Recipients of the Nemo of Honour:
 * Eusebius Pour utilisation méritoire d'instruments d'optique
 * Serein Némo d'honneur de la plus chouette janséniste que je connaisse
 * Julia.taccoen pour avoir bravé vents et marées pour fournir de jolies images de navires
 * Esprit Fugace pour avoir non seulement les idées claires et bonnes, mais aussi toujours la mesure juste
 * Alain_r pour de merveilleux articles en rapport avec les corps célestes.
 * Sand pour avoir affronté glorieusement les pires obstacles avec LANN
 * Ignis For heroically and successfully confronting very shocking books.
 * NicholasTurnbull for brilliantly introducing the basic methods of science.
 * Ludovic Hirlimann -- d'artilleur ayant rendu des services exceptionels et éminents à Wikipedia
 * Aoineko for salvaging ancient civilisations from the periles of blind and stupid administration
 * Zoe for diggin out details and working hard in improbable situations.
 * Dabbler for not letting me sink in the abyss of English spelling and style.
 * Natalinasmpf for a great usage of stones with the Go Template
 * Sannse -- for being a generally cool person
 * Kate -- for being a light in disaster
 * Sonjaaa -- for being a generally cool person
 * Dysprosia -- in recognition of the whole musical works in general
 * David.Monniaux-- In recognition of heroic behaviour with the squids
 * Tony Sidaway -- for keeping sensible about position and heading
 * JamesMLane -- for looking to little weird things and fixing them
 * Sam Hocevar -- for pointing out lots of tiny annoying mistakes
 * Cdang -- for outstanding contributions in rescue-related articles
 * Jfdwolff -- for outstanding contributions in rescue-related articles
 * Rdsmith4 -- for courageous and constant fight against hideous things
 * AlexR -- for excellent and courageous work on Opus Dei.

title: User:Rama/Nemo of honour


text:
Talk:Synthetic memory

There might be a more recognized or formal name for this phenomenon than "synthetic memory" that might be dug out of textbooks by a more studious person than myself. I needed a term, that is understandable and at least heard of in some circles for the context of rapidly generated "junk" memory that is a plague upon speed readers, so I created this article. The term false memory is not what I was looking for. Any ideas? Metaphorman 01:07, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * At its current state, this page just seems to be a less-detailed duplicate of false memory. I'm not sure what term you were looking for, but it doesn't seem to be found yet.  Perhaps we could merge this article into false memory anyway, to avoid reader confusion? GinaDana 04:43, 6 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Following up on your suggestion to merge, this article is now tagged for merge to False memory WVhybrid 21:09, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

The term "false memory" has rather gapingly broad semantics. However, in the literature it generally refers to memories from the distant past. It seems to me that this article is trying to aim for an idea that is slightly different, more to do with short term memory.... but the author blended the ideas of false memory syndrome into it, making a mess. Think about it, some sort of specialization of the concept of false memory in is order. This seems to be such an attempt - but not planned as much as it could have been, and possibly not completely at home in an encyclopedia. I can understand why the original author created this article. The thought of merging it makes me scratch my head. There is some element of trying to merge apples and oranges. 209.43.1.25 23:29, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Synthetic memory