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Busytown

Busytown is a fictional town depicted in several books by American children's author Richard Scarry. Busytown is inhabited by an assortment of anthropomorphic animals, including Huckle Cat, Lowly Worm, Mr. Frumble, police Sergeant Murphy, Mr. Fixit, Bananas Gorilla and Hilda Hippo.

Busytown also refers to the media franchise that spawned from Scarry's books. From 1989 to 1994, Random House Home Video and Jumbo Pictures produced the first basic educational learning animated series called Richard Scarry's Best Videos Ever! on home video. In the early 1990s, Cinar produced the animated series The Busy World of Richard Scarry, featuring the inhabitants of Busytown. The series originally aired on Showtime in the United States. A board game and a computer game based on Busytown were also produced in the 1990s. Another animated series centered on Busytown, Busytown Mysteries, ran in the late 2000s.

Characters
Scarry's Busytown books consist of detailed drawings of busy animals engaged in scenes from daily life. He thought "children find it easier to relate to animals at that age. If you have a picture of a little girl with long blonde hair, then a dark-haired girl isn't going to relate to it as well as she might to a picture of a bunny rabbit."

Major characters
The most frequently seen characters include:

 * The Cat Family

 * Father Cat: Runs a grocery store and is sometimes referred to as Grocer Cat. His first name is John. He frequently does business with Farmer Alfalfa.  In the cartoon series The Busy World of Richard Scarry, he works as a travel agent. In Busytown Mysteries he works in a food store.
 * Mother Cat: A housewife and mother who works as a travel agent. She cares for Huckle, Sally, Lowly, and her husband. Mother Cat's first name is Fiona. In the cartoon series The Busy World of Richard Scarry, she works for the town's newspaper. She is absent in Busytown Mysteries.
 * Huckle Cat: The Cats' school-age son, and the protagonist of the series. He is a lovable young kitten boy who is seven years old. Huckle is often shown in the cockpits of planes and flying with Rudolf von Flugel. It is implied that his ambition is to be a pilot when he grows up. Huckle Cat has red spots in The Busy World of Richard Scarry; in Busytown Mysteries and Richard Scarry Presents The Best Series Ever! he is eight years old and has orange spots. Huckle first appeared as a bear in lederhosen, but was later changed to a cat.  Huck was the nickname for Scarry's son, Richard Scarry Jr.
 * Sally Cat: Huckle's younger sister. She is five years old. In her early appearances she was known as "Little Sister." Sally Cat has red spots in The Busy World of Richard Scarry; in Busytown Mysteries and Richard Scarry Presents The Best Series Ever! she is six years old and has orange spots.
 * Lowly Worm: Huckle's best friend. He often stays with the Cats as a house guest. Although he attends school with the Cat children, Lowly can also be seen in more adult situations, like driving a street sweeper or working in the operating room of the Busytown Hospital. Lowly Worm has appeared in Richard Scarry Presents The Best Series Ever! where he is mute until The Busy World of Richard Scarry and Busytown Mysteries. Scarry said that Lowly was his favorite character.
 * Grandma Cat: Lives in another town and it requires a journey by plane to visit her. She is a skilled driver. She is absent in Busytown Mysteries.
 * Lily Bunny: A feisty young rabbit kit girl who is one of Huckle Cat's friends and is the protagonist of the counting episode. She likes going on adventures with her friends and likes to do what she likes best. She seems to be seven years old.
 * Freddie Fox: A young fox kit boy who is one of Huckle's friends. He loves to play games and learn new things. He is six years old.
 * Rhonda Raccoon: A young raccoon kit girl who is one of Huckle's good friends. She loves to play with Lily Bunny, Hilda Hippo, Freddie Fox and Huckle Cat and go on amazing adventures with them. She is seven years old.
 * Hilda Hippo: A self-conscious hippopotamus calf girl who works as a playground monitor at the elementary school. She also has a fairly obvious crush on Lowly. It is also revealed that she's allergic to roses. She is around eight years old.
 * Mary Mouse: A young mouse pup girl who is six years old and is feisty and imaginative.
 * Marvin Mouse: Mary's five-year-old brother who wants to be a mailman when he grows up.
 * The Pig Family: Father Pig is a house painter married to a housewife, Mother Pig. They have twin children, Harry and Sally.
 * Able Baker Charlie: A mouse who owns Busytown's bakery. He loves to bake all sorts of things, but he is most famous for baking bread. However, sometimes what he bakes does not always turn out right.
 * Bananas Gorilla: A gorilla good-guy who can be a thief and whose passion for the fruit that bears his name leads him to steal bunches of them from Grocer Cat, which leads to his pursuit by Sergeant Murphy. Bananas also has many watches on each wrist. He is a very kind gorilla. He is 23 years old. He first appeared in The Great Pie Robbery. In The Busy World of Richard Scarry he is not a thief, and attends school with the other children, although he can drive a car.
 * Mr. Fixit: A fox repairman who boasts that he can fix anything, but does not often show this ability. He once attempted to fix Mrs. Cat's vacuum cleaner but it ran on the ceiling instead of the floor. He also fixes a tire on Marvin Mouse's car but the tire deflates. He even fixes Hilda Hippo's toaster but the toaster turns off and two slices of toast went flying.
 * Miss Honey: A brown bear is the school teacher at Busytown. She is very kind and motherly, and the mother of Kenny Bear. Her pupils include the Cat children and Lowly Worm.
 * Rudolf von Flugel: A fox pilot who flies a red-coloured German World War I monoplane and dresses in the uniform of a German officer of the time. He often takes Huckle, Lowly and Little Sister up in his planes, though these flights frequently end in disaster. His name is the German word for wing (Flügel). In the United Kingdom editions of the books, his name is Rudolf Strudel.
 * Sergeant Murphy: A dog police officer and motorcyclist who is often present in street and road scenes. He is married and has a little girl named Bridget. He is dedicated to his job, and his passion for motorcycles is shown in the fact that he wears his crash helmet in bed. His name is a reflection on the stereotypical Irish-American policeman.
 * Mr. Frumble: A clueless pig who often loses and chases after his hat. He drives a pickle-shaped car and is prone to vehicular accidents. Sometimes he gets traffic tickets from Sergeant Murphy.
 * Smokey, Sparky and Snozzle: A trio of pig firefighters. Sparky and Snozzle wear a saucepan and colander as headgear, and one of them uses a trombone for a siren.

Minor characters

 * Mr. Read-a-Lot: An owl who works at the Busytown Library and can often be seen at the front desk.
 * Beverly Baboon: A baboon who works as Mr. Read-a-Lot's assistant librarian.
 * Billy Dog: A hound dog who appears to be a bully at first, but has a heart of gold. He is good friends with Huckle, Hilda, and Lowly. He later gets glasses and usually wears a red sweater. He is about six years old.
 * Bully Bobcat: A bobcat who works for the town's newspaper.
 * Cassie: A grey cat appearing in The Busy World of Richard Scarry.
 * Doctor Lion: A lion doctor who runs both a private practice and works at the Busytown Hospital and is the primary health care provider for most of the citizens.
 * Farmer Alfalfa: A goat who owns a farm in the outskirts of Busytown and specializes in growing corn. Non-conscientious drivers can often be seen driving through his fields. (He may have been named after a Terrytoons character of the same name.)
 * Farmer Patrick Pig: A farmer pig who resides on the outskirts of Busytown. He grows corn and wheat.
 * Farmer Fox: A farmer fox who resides on the outskirts of Busytown. He also works at a farm stand.
 * Fred: A squid who runs a fish and chips business.
 * Fireman Ralph: A pig firefighter who is the chief and leader of the crew at the Busytown Fire Station.
 * Goldbug: A cricket who works as a roving news reporter for the Busytown Action Bug News and drives a small yellow van, appearing in Busytown Mysteries.
 * Mr. Gronkle: An elderly and grouchy warthog who isn't fond of children. He is rarely compassionate and wants things to go his way. Despite his flaws, he sometimes shows a soft side.
 * Mr. Humperdink: A pig who works Busytown's bakery, appearing in Richard Scarry's Best Busy People Video Ever and The Busy World of Richard Scarry.
 * Janitor Joe: A fox who is a janitor in most places of Busytown, including the theatre and Huckle's school.
 * Jason the Mason: A pig mason who specializes in building brick foundations and chimneys. Although skilled at his trade, he is somewhat clumsy.
 * John Parr Miller: A terrier at the town party, apparently a chef, named after a Disney animator who then moved into illustration of children's books.
 * Mayor Fox: A fox and the Mayor of Busytown. He always wears a monocle, top hat and a ribbon of office.
 * Ngorongoro Crater: A hyena who is a photographer and whose camera gets a parking ticket.
 * Nurse Nelly: A cat nurse who often works as Dr. Lion's assistant both at his office and in the hospital.
 * Pig-Will and Pig-Won't: Two pig brothers around age 6 who drive a sausage shaped car and are friends of Huckle and Sally. Pig-Will wears a green shirt and/or green overalls and Pig-Won't wears a red shirt/blue overalls. Pig-Will's catchphrase is, "I will! I will!" Pig-Won't's catchphrase is, "I won't."
 * Postman Pig: A pig letter carrier. Although not the only carrier in Busytown, his route includes the Cat family's home.
 * P.S. Pig: A pig letter carrier, appearing in The Busy World of Richard Scarry.
 * Mr. Raccoon: A raccoon who works at the cafeteria shop, appearing in The Busy World of Richard Scarry.
 * Raffles Rat: A rat thief who uses convoluted schemes and elaborate disguises to commit crimes. He may work alone or with a partner and is especially fond of stealing jewelry.
 * Mr. Root: An armadillo who works at the community garden. He can be a bit demanding.
 * Sawdust the Carpenter: A cat carpenter who builds houses. He sometimes works alone and sometimes with several apprentices.
 * Vanderbuilt: A young warthog and nephew to Mr. Gronkle.
 * Wolfgang Wolf, Benny Baboon and Harry Hyena: A trio of layabouts who spend their time lazing in the sun or eating or getting into trouble. On one occasion they were deemed suitable enough to fly to the moon (with Lowly as a passenger).

Analysis and criticism
Scholars have examined Busytown as a representation for children of what adults do in daily life. For example, John Levi Martin conducted an analysis of the division of labor in Busytown. He noted, for example, that bears and leopards were overrepresented in jobs greater authority or lacking authority, but pigs overwhelmingly occupied jobs that were unskilled, demeaning or under someone else's authority. Further, pigs were the cause of some 75% of accidents. Another writer described '' What Do People Do All Day" as "prophetic," since by saying "everyone is a worker." it predicts the paradigm shift change from "industrial" to the modern concept of occupation.

Busytown has been praised for its educational value. By presenting animals in having different roles, for example "bear" and "mailman" young children are encouraged to conceive of objects as displaying different conceptual attributes simultaneously. That is, each one can be easily seen as belonging to two categories at the same time. It has also been described as helping children learn prescience skills. The presentation of different scenarios along with questions like: "what do you think might happen next" taught children to interact with and think about what is happening in the drawings.

Scarry was sensitive to claims his depictions of female characters in Busytown reinforced general stereotypes. In one case, he said, his editor labeled a telephone worker Tom the Telephone Man even though he had given the character a pink bow and called her Tina. He refused to accept, however, that they promoted violence.

title: Busytown


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Girtar

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 09:09, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Girtar
It's the non-encyclopedic guitar of a non-notable member of an "already-deleted as not-notable" band. See Votes for deletion/GrindSkull. Delete. Joyous 02:40, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Dirlete Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 03:08, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, article as it stands is un-encyclopaedic. Megan1967 04:24, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete of course. Samaritan 04:25, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Girtar


text:
Steve Abbott (comedian)

Stephen Abbott (born 24 March 1956) is an Australian comedian and author, also known under the comedic moniker of The Sandman or occasionally Sandy. He was a member of the band The Castanet Club with others such as Mikey Robins, Angela Moore and Maynard.

Filmography

 * The Sideshow with Paul McDermott (2007) TV Series
 * Under The Grandstand (2005) TV-Series during Ashes in England
 * Sandman in Siberia (2005) Filmed as a documentary, The Sandman (Steve Abbott) and his mother (Evelyn Abbott) return to their ancestral home in Siberia, taking photos and greetings from the Efremoff family in Australia in an attempt to reunite with long lost cousins (apparently one of the highest rating programs on Australia's SBS Network in 2004).
 * In Siberia Tonight (2004–5) TV-Series
 * The Scree (2004)
 * You Can't Stop The Murders (2003)
 * The Fat (2000) TV-Series
 * GNW Night Lite (1999) TV-Series
 * Good News Weekend (1998) TV-Series
 * Children of the Revolution (1996)
 * Good News Week (1996) TV-Series
 * The Comedy Sale (1993) TV-Series
 * The Castanet Club (1990)
 * Young Einstein (1988)

Discography

 * This is my Surfboard released as a book simultaneously
 * 204 Bell St
 * Pleasant Avenue
 * Castanet Club (1986)
 * Johnny Goodman (1988)
 * Showbag by The Musical Flags (c1981)

title: Steve Abbott (comedian)


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Talk:Cholecystectomy

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Drus1a.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 19:01, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): SUJesse, Drus1a. Peer reviewers: UCSFMS3T, Yaya.wu.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 19:01, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): TimFutureSurgeon, Nspitzer16. Peer reviewers: Ksmcnally, Msmith191.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 17:35, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

final paragraph
I would like to see the final paragraph in this article substantiated "Once a gallbladder is removed it is important to be on bile acid supplements. They need to be taken with every meal in which fat is consumed otherwise your fats will not be properly emulsified and absorbed." I could only find one source on the web making this claim and it did not cite any sources. I think this claim should be substantiated or removed. Asturnut (talk) 04:13, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

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information in this article appears to be outdated
Some of the information in this article appears to be outdated. The primary source for this article seems to be this document, which appears to be at least 12 years old. (Its most recent reference is from 1992). Specific concerns are as follows:
 * I believe, based on personal experience, that the rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy is lower than 5%, in the past decade surgeons have gotten much better at this procedure.
 * It is not my understanding that cholecystectomy is indicated only by the presence of gall stones. I have heard surgeons, on a routine basis, give cholecystitis (inflammation of the gall bladder) as the pre-operative diagnosis for cholecystectomies.

My opinions are based on over a decade of assisting surgeons as a Surgical Technologist. However, I am not a physician and do not have the formal training with which to refute the statements in the articles from personal knowledge, nor do I have easy access to the relevant research materials, so I am unwilling to change documented statements without a stronger or more recent authority. Dsmdgold 02:42, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * I have heard surgeons state that the non-operative treatments for gall stones have been shown not to be effective, and that the removal of the gall bladder is the standard of care for the treatment of gall stones
 * The training of general surgeons has incorporated laparoscopic techniques for over a decade. And, so far as I know, institutions no longer keep separate credentialing procedures for laparoscopic surgery.

---

I mostly agree on the first three points you make, and as for the last one, I don't know. I guess it varies from             place to place.

The conversion to open cholecystectomy is also made when stones have made their way outside the bladder and when the anatomy is unclear, and the surgeon told me that it's about 5-10% of the operations they do that they have to convert.. So that number isn't really bad..

The standard care for treatment of cholecystitis and gallstones is nowadays a cholecystectomy. But only if you've had problems with the stones. If they're just there and don't make any noise, they will probably not be removed.. --HenrikP 16:47, 5 September 2005 (UTC)

cholecystectomy and digestion
Is there anyone out there that can answer the following question for me: How does a cholecystectomy affect digestion?

 * Aside from disruptions (e.g. ileus) that are common post-op in the first few days with any abdominal surgery, there is a period of adjustment after a cholecystectomy; diarrhea is common and may last for 3-4 weeks. Pain is also common, but that ought to be well controlled with analgesics.
 * Aside from diarrhea, if the person previously associated pain with eating or frequently got pain at night (several hours after eating), they'll feel relieved that they won't have it. (Classically, pain starts several hours after a meal in cholecystitis and is especially bad after a fatty meal.) Feel free to update the article with any other info you find... it could use some improvement. Nephron T|C 03:01, 12 May 2006 (UTC)
 * The liver makes a little bile all the time. Normally the bile goes to the gall bladder. The gall bladder holds onto the bile. Eating fatty food makes the gall bladder put all the bile in the intestines. Bile dissolves the fat. If you don't have a gall bladder then the liver puts bile into the intestines. The intestines don't hold onto it. You can't digest a lot of fat at once anymore. If you eat too much fat then you will get diarrhea. It's okay to eat fatty food very slowly. Then the liver's bile can keep up. 76.185.59.253 (talk) 08:20, 9 March 2010 (UTC)

tachycardia after cholecystectomy
I have a close friend who after her cholecystectomy is experiencing tachycardia.

She has to take medication to control this and also experiences poor circulation, occasionally blueness of the lips and fingertips / nails. She is always very cold now and pale. But the medication she takes now controls the heart problems. She is only 23 and this has only started after her operation.

Does anyone know what could cause increased heart rate and poor circulation after having the gallbladder removed?

Adamld85 23:58, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

It sounds to me that these two condition are most likely to be two separate condition and is not related. There is no physiological or pathological cause that i can think of to account for "tachycardia" and "poor circulation" after a cholecystectomy.

Note also that wikipedia is not a place for medical consultation and my comment serves only as a comment and NOT a piece of medical advice. Consult a doctor if necessary. Again: no piece of information on wikipedia should be used as MEDICAL ADVICE.

bubu~ 06:39, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

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new approach for cholesystectomy
I noticed reference to a new approach for cholesystectomy, single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS). For the record, this approach, which seems to be catching on like wildfire, goes by at least five popular acronyms and about a dozen that may be lesser known. For example, laparoendoscopic single site surgery (LESS), single port access (SPA), single access surgery (SAS), natural orifice transumbilical surgery (NOTUS), and single port laparoscopy (SPL). While most of these approaches use the umbilicus as the entry point, some involve a single incision elsewhere. Many surgeons consider this single small incision approach more accessible than natural orifice translumninal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), and although they haven't proven yet that it is a more pain sparing approach than traditional laparoscopy, it is superior cosmetically at the very least.

ποια φαρμακα απαγορευονται μετα την χολοκυστεκτομη
εχω κανει επεμβασει χολης και ολα καλα μεχρι ωρας! αυτο που θελω να ρωτησω ειναι... αν μπορω να παρω καποια χαπια αδυνατισματος τα ΛΙΠΟΤΕΧ γιατι καπου διαβασα οτι αν εχεις προβλημα με την χολη, δεν μπορεις να τα παρεις. εγω που την εχω βγαλει? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.107.96.95 (talk) 19:28, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

 * In case anyone was wondering what this said, Google Translate:

 * Which drugs are prohibited after cholecystectomy

 * I've done surgery Holli So far so good time! What I want to ask is ... if I can get some slimming pills the LIPOTECH because I read somewhere that if you have problems with the bile, I can not get it. I send that I have; 207.181.225.167 (talk) 02:53, 21 April 2014 (UTC)

Diarrhea
"As many as 20% of patients develop chronic diarrhea." The sources listed don't seem to actually support that figure.

Also, the article on gallstones says "...a 10% risk of developing chronic diarrhea."

Surely the two articles should agree on the percentage, whatever it is. Jaydeecw (talk) 02:45, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

To do: discuss open chole
no page for open chole. redirects here and needs to be discussed as an alternative (if unclear critical view, as part of liver txp) BakerStMD 16:30, 22 May 2015 (UTC)

NEJM
10.1056/NEJMra1411372 - doesn't discussed traditional open cholecystectomy much! JFW | T@lk  20:37, 23 July 2015 (UTC)

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WikiProject Medicine
As part of the UCF College of Medicine Wiki Project we suggest the following changes to this article:

- Update the references to include up-to-date information, more secondary sources instead of primary, and statistics on procedure conversion rate, complications and prognosis.\ - We will try to update some of the photos to make the article more clear to laypeople.

- We will re-write and summarize key points of the contents to replace current lead section. - Expand and edit the indications sections to include contraindications.

- In laparoscopic cholecystectomy section, we intend to clean up the last paragraph regarding comparison of SILS to traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy to make it easier to read and understand for the layperson.

- In the open cholecystectomy section, we will include reference to confirm complications due to open chole.

- The procedural risks and complications section needs references confirming the statements made as well as editing to make the points in the paragraph more clear.TimFutureSurgeon (talk) 19:50, 15 January 2018 (UTC)

UCF Wikiproject user review
Based off the original plan, it looks like many of the stated goals were accomplished. A couple that are specific that I noticed upon looking at the changes were: - Update the references to include up-to-date information, more secondary sources instead of primary, and statistics on procedure conversion rate, complications and prognosis. ✔ - We will try to update some of the photos to make the article more clear to laypeople. ✔ - In laparoscopic cholecystectomy section, we intend to clean up the last paragraph regarding comparison of SILS to traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy to make it easier to read and understand for the layperson. ✔ - We will re-write and summarize key points of the contents to replace current lead section. ✔ - The procedural risks and complications section needs references confirming the statements made as well as editing to make the points in the paragraph more clear ✔

Overall it looks like both UCF editors and other editors worked together to improve the overall look of the article as well as adding some up to date references and information. New sections were added it appears, including a History, Biopsy, Risks and Contraindications sections. Since these sections are so new there is more work to be done to expand upon them, but it is a great start. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ksmcnally (talk • contribs) 07:38, 31 January 2018 (UTC)

Peer Review for UCF WikiProject Medicine
Great work! The introduction section is clear and concise, giving a brief overview of main topics. The picture of gallbladder anatomy is perfect for this article. Under the medical use section the terms symptomatic gallstones or biliary colic could possibly be added. These indications are covered using the other terms however may be a little more comprehensible to the common population. There is also a Wiki page on biliary colic that may provide additional information to the reader. The contraindications section is a good addition. You could possibly add some relative contraindications to laparoscopic surgery. The section on single incision surgery is very easy to read and comprehend. Overall the editors followed and accomplished their intended plan to improve this article and make it more comprehensible. Msmith191 (talk) 13:45, 31 January 2018 (UTC)

WikiProject Medicine, round 2 - UCSF cohort, March 2018
Over the coming weeks we (SUJesse and Drus1a) will be building on the work done by colleagues at UCF by adding additional information and sections to this article.

(1) "Medical Use" section will be changed by Drus1a to "Indications" and subsections will be added with info about common indications and links to applicable existing Wiki articles on these topics. Common indications:
 * Biliary colic
 * Acute cholecystitis
 * Carcinoma of the gallbladder

(2) "Procedure" section will be clarified by SUJesse with additional data from the 2006 Cochrane review comparing open vs. laparoscopic techniques. Subsection on advanced minimally invasive techniques, (Minilap, SILS, and NOTES) will also be added  Information to free patients resources (ex: handout for patients about the procedure by the American Academy of Surgeons ) will also be added.

(3) A new section on "Alternatives to surgery" will be added by Drus1a, with sub-sections including:
 * Watchful waiting
 * Stone retrieval by endoscopy (ERCP)
 * Cholecystostomy (plan to include data from the 2013 Cochrane review: Percutaneous cholecystostomy for high-risk surgical patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. )

(4) "History" section will be expanded by SUJesse to include more information about the development and acceptence of laparascopic technique. Information about other procedures such as chololithotomy will be removed for clarity

Timeline for these activities:
 * Check all citations and identify specific points for improvement or addition by Wednesday 3/14
 * Complete primary edit by Friday 3/16 for peer editing week of 3/19
 * Respond to peer edits with revisions by Wednesday 3/28
 * Final edits completed by EOD Friday 3/30

Examples of "B" quality surgical articles (for reference)
 * Tonsillectomy
 * Vasectomy
 * Oophorectomy
 * Hysterectomy

-- Drus1a (talk) 17:45, 9 March 2018 (UTC)

SUJesse (talk) 16:57, 14 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Have adjusted the formatting to better match WP:MEDMOS.
 * Medical uses and indications have similar meanings IMO. Consistency between topics is important so not sure about changing it. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 17:48, 14 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Want to add diagrams of different "Alternatives to Surgery" but having trouble creating these. Also added a table with prevalence of common complications - is this okay to do given the the article I took it from is not open access? I did not copy the table completely and made sure to cite it, but still unsure. -- Drus1a (talk) 19:48, 22 March 2018 (UTC)

Peer Review UCSF WikiMed (Drusia)
Hey Drusia,

Great work with your edits, and thank you for your time and commitment to this article! I reviewed your “Indications” section and “Alternatives to Surgery,” and they are both well-organized, clear, and easy to understand. Before I comment on those individually, I would like to add that I agree that the title “Indications” seems more accurate than “Medical Use” – considering it in context of a sentence, one would say “these are the indications for surgery” rather than “these are the medical uses of surgery.”

Here are my suggestions for each part!

Indications:
 * The image is great but the titles are really hard to read. Is it possible to edit it (just by adding white textboxes with the words typed out instead of handwritten). I would probably also move it down to the procedure section
 * I would mention that biliary colic is caused by the gallbladder contracting and usually happens after meals

Alternatives:
 * Rather than bullets, I would suggest making three subheadings (Conservative, ERCP, Cholecystostomy) and putting the info under each subheading.
 * In the conservative management section, I would add a few words to the end of the second sentence to say what the symptoms of gallstones are
 * If you have the time, I would consider adding an image for the ERCP section
 * In the cholecystostomy section, I would say that it’s a temporary measure and that definitive treatment is still gallbladder removal. I also saw this in an emedicine article which may be helpful to add: “In a retrospective study of patients with acute cholecystitis who were at very high surgical risk, Furtado et al found that although percutaneous cholecystostomy was a life-saving maneuver, it gave rise to significant morbidity, with a 44% rate of choledocholithiasis, a 27% rate of tube dislodgment, and a 23% rate of postoperative abscess.”

Again, great job with the article! — Preceding unsigned comment added by UCSFMS3T (talk • contribs) 19:26, 23 March 2018 (UTC)

Peer Review for WikiMed
Overview

I mainly focused on the wording and the references during this peer review. Love the way the way the sentences are formed! Well written, clear, and you guys overall avoided too dense of a terminology. Also noticed you guys avoided using words like "patients" and instead used words like people, which is awesome.

The structure is really nice and flowed well and logically, making things easy to find. Also really like the links to other wiki pages.

There were 2-3 references that were a little outdated and I tried to find alternate or additional links. I do feel that the sections on the technique of laparoscopy and open chole where written with too much jargon. Simplifying the language would be helpful.

I loved this page and felt it was very thorough and well done!

My opinion on wording (take with grain of salt):

- For Lead and in Medical Uses, maybe mention a little more detail on what is symptomatic gallstones. For example, pain and inflamed gallstones

- In acute cholecystitis, I got the sense that infection is synonymous with acute chole (which sometimes doesn't come with infection), you guys could add a modifier like "sometimes"

- The description of the pathophysiology of cholangitis and gallstone pancreatitis felt a little dense to me. Maybe you guys can just mention that it's a blockage in a duct that connects both gallbladder and pancreas (the links out can give more detail)

- I also feel the description of the laparoscopy and open chole has a little too much jargon. Maybe translate some terms like fundus and superiorly. Or you guys can even simplify the whole paragraph even further.

- I think it might be good to mention where the large data is coming from. In the other complications section, maybe mention it's from North America.

Things on references/links:

- For the post-cholecystectomy syndrome, the reference is from 2010. I found one from 2018 if you want to use it, https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gallbladder-removal/risks/

- I found an additional and more recent reference for acalculous cholecystitis if you guys want to use it, http://www.cghjournal.org/article/S1542-3565(09)00880-5/fulltext

- You can also link chronic cholecystitis, I found a wiki link, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecystitis#Chronic_cholecystitis

- For citation 30, I found a more updated citation, https://www.cancer.org/cancer/gallbladder-cancer/treating/surgery.html

Great work guys! Yaya.wu (talk) 06:10, 26 March 2018 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: TCU SOM Wikipedia Elective Spring 2024
— Assignment last updated by Peqp123 (talk) 00:25, 5 February 2024 (UTC)

Looking to add something on "bail-out" procedures; sub-total cholecystectomy — Preceding unsigned comment added by Peqp123 (talk • contribs) 00:27, 5 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cholecystectomy


text:
Château de Chantilly

The Château de Chantilly is a historic French château located in the town of Chantilly, Oise, about 50 kilometres (30 miles) north of Paris. The site comprises two attached buildings: the Petit Château, built around 1560 for Anne de Montmorency, and the Grand Château, which was destroyed during the French Revolution and rebuilt in the 1870s. The château is owned by the Institut de France, which received it from Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale.

A historic monument since 1988, it is open to the public. The château's art gallery, the Musée Condé, houses one of France's finest collections of paintings. It specialises in French paintings and book illuminations of the 15th and 16th centuries.

Original construction
The estate's connection with the Montmorency family began in 1484. The first mansion (no longer in existence, now replaced by the Grand Château) was built, between 1528 and 1531, for Anne de Montmorency by Pierre Chambiges. The Petit Château was also built for him, around 1560, probably by Jean Bullant. In 1632, after the death of Henri II de Montmorency, it passed to his nephew, the Grand Condé, who inherited it through his mother, Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency.

Molière's play Les Précieuses ridicules received its first performance here in 1659. Madame de Sévigné relates in her memoirs that when King Louis XIV of France visited there in 1671, François Vatel, the maître d'hôtel to the Grand Condé, committed suicide when he feared the fish would be served late. The collection includes important works of the cabinetmaker André-Charles Boulle.

Revolution and aftermath
The original mansion was destroyed during the French Revolution. It was repaired modestly by Louis Henri II, Prince of Condé, but the entire property was confiscated from the Orléans family between 1853 and 1872, during which interval it was owned by Coutts, an English bank. Chantilly was entirely rebuilt, between 1875 and 1882, by Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale (1822–1897). The new château met with mixed reviews. Boni de Castellane summed up one line of thought: "What is today styled a marvel is one of the saddest specimens of the architecture of our era — one enters on the second floor and descends to the salons". In 1889, the Chateau was bequeathed to the Institut de France as a price for the Duc d'Aumale's return from political exile.

21st century restoration
The World Monuments Fund included the site in the 1998 World Monuments Watch to call attention to water infiltration and high humidity in the Galerie des Actions de Monsieur le Prince and again in the 2002 World Monuments Watch due to the precarious condition of the entire estate. Funding for restoration work was provided from various sources, including American Express and the Generali Group.

Subsequently, in response to an appeal for the restoration of the château, The Aga Khan donated €40 million, accounting for more than half of the €70 million needed by the Institut de France to complete the project. In 2008, the World Monuments Fund completed the restoration of the Grande Singerie, a salon with paintings on the walls of monkeys engaged in human activities, once a fashionable salon motif, but with few examples surviving today.

Musée Condé
Works in the art gallery (many of them are in the Tribune Room) include Sassetta's Mystic Marriage of St. Francis, Botticelli's Autumn, Piero di Cosimo's Portrait of Simonetta Vespucci, Raphael's Three Graces and Madonna of Loreto, Guercino's Pietà, Pierre Mignard's Portrait of Molière as well as four of Antoine Watteau's paintings and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot's Le concert champêtre. Other paintings in the collection include works by Fra Angelico, Filippino Lippi, Hans Memling, 260 paintings and drawings by François and Jean Clouet, Veronese, Barocci, Annibale Carracci, Domenichino, Salvator Rosa, Nicolas Poussin, Philippe de Champaigne, Van Dyck, Guido Reni, Jean-Baptiste Greuze, Joshua Reynolds, Eugène Delacroix, Ingres, Géricault.

The library of the Petit Château contains over 1,500 manuscripts and 17,500 printed volumes, that is part of the collection of over 700 incunabula, and some 300 medieval manuscripts, including one page of the Registrum Gregorii (c. 983), the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, the Ingeborg Psalter and 40 miniatures from Jean Fouquet's Book of Hours of Etienne Chevalier. Also in the museum's collection is the Chantilly codex (MS 564), the primary manuscript of ars subtilior music, and the treasured library of the Emirate of Abdelkader, a 19th century Sufi emirate in Algeria.

Park and Chantilly racecourse
The main French formal garden, featuring extensive parterres and water features, was laid out principally by André Le Nôtre for the Grand Condé. The park also contains a French landscape garden with a cascade, pavilions, and a rustic ersatz village, the Hameau de Chantilly. The last of these inspired the Hameau de la reine of Marie Antoinette in the Gardens of Versailles.

The estate overlooks the Chantilly Racecourse and the Grandes Écuries (Great Stables), which contains the Living Museum of the Horse. According to legend, Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prince of Condé believed that he would be reincarnated as a horse after his death. In 1719, he asked the architect Jean Aubert to build stables suitable to his rank.

Modern uses
The Château has various modern uses:
 * The Molteni Campagnolo cycling team, including star rider Eddy Merckx, are seen riding past the chateau towards the beginning of Jorgen Leth's seminal documentary, A Sunday In Hell, on the way to the start line of the 1976 Paris-Roubaix race.
 * The château and the Great Stables were featured in the 1985 James Bond film A View to a Kill, as the home of villainous Max Zorin (played by Christopher Walken) which was being infiltrated by Bond (played for the last time by Roger Moore) in his quest to find out more about Zorin, who had already aroused suspicions of MI6 with various business activities, and ultimately eliminate him.
 * Pink Floyd performed, on two consecutive nights, at the château during their The Division Bell tour on 30–31 July 1994.
 * Every two years, in June, the "Nuits de Feu" international fireworks competition is held in the château's garden.
 * Ronaldo married model and former television host Daniela Cicarelli in the château in 2005. The ceremony reportedly cost €700,000.
 * Every May, a rowing regatta, the Trophée des Rois, is held on the grounds. French university crews compete in the 750m race for a trophy.
 * The château appeared in the finale of the French reality competition Amazing Race in 2012.
 * David Gilmour, guitarist and singer of Pink Floyd, performed at the venue on 16 July 2016 as part of his Rattle That Lock world tour.
 * The video game Battlefield 1 features a level that is based around the Château called "Ballroom Blitz".
 * The trailer for the finals of the 2019 League of Legends World Championship was filmed inside and around the chateau.
 * The fifth leg of The Amazing Race 32 had a Roadblock and a Speed Bump take place on the grounds of the château.
 * The castle is a location in the 2022 movie The Gray Man.

title: Château de Chantilly


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Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Michel Foucault/archive1

Michel Foucault
Self nomination. Myself and others have been refining this page for about a year, and I think it's ready - but am more than willing to alter it if it needs further refinement. --XmarkX 02:45, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object for now, but would love to see it make the cut. Support.
 * The intro "positions" him ("often described as a postmodernist and a poststructuralist, though during the 1960s his work was often labelled as structuralist", etc.) but doesn't really summarize either the style or substance of his work or indicate what was original about it. Addressed.
 * There is no mention of how his notion of "episteme" is either similar to or different from Thomas Kuhn's notion of "paradigm". Withdrawn, I won't push it.
 * I, Pierre Riviere... should at least be mentioned. reluctantly withdrawn.
 * Would you agree that most of his works deserve articles of their own? I notice that they are not even redlinked. Lacking that, I would expect to see The Order of Things discussed at somewhat greater length. Done. -- Jmabel | Talk 07:16, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * I appreciate these comments but broadly disagree:
 * I really don't see how this can be done without simplifying hs career to be totally misleading. What we have done here is tried to preserve his enigmatic nature. OK
 * I may continue to object, then. As it is, the intro would not give someone who is unfamiliar with his work any clue why they should care.
 * Hey, I have conceded on this one too and added a blurb to the intro--XmarkX 07:39, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I added one more sentence to that, pointing out his emphasis on synchronic over diachronic (although I'm avoiding those technical terms). With that, I think we're there. -- Jmabel | Talk 18:52, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I understand what you're getting at here - I inadvertantly implied that Foucault's tells us how discourses change, rather than looking at the transformations themselves. I think what we have there now is a bit inelegant, so I'm going to tidy it a bit, but thanks.--XmarkX 19:34, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The episteme/paradigm stuff has been written about, but is not of crucial importance.
 * This is for English-language readers, who are far more likely to be familiar with Kuhn's work than Foucault. Still, I won't push this issue.
 * I, Pierre Riviere is not important, as it was only edited by Foucault, not written by him.
 * But more accessible than much of his own work, and clearly an application of his thought, a good route in for people who are not already deeply embedded in reading contemporary French philosophy (which is to say, for the average Wikipedia reader). I don't think it deserves more than a mention in the article, but I do think it deserves that mention and, like the other works (next item) a link,even if a red-link for now. -- Jmabel | Talk 01:47, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Look, I still don't understand this: I, Pierre Riviere was a piece written by Pierre Riviere, and prepared for publication not by Foucault alone but by an entire seminar group. It is not representative of anything about Foucault - it is an histroical document that Foucault thought should be more widely available, that's all.--XmarkX 04:34, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't seem to currently own a copy, so I can't check right now, but I recall that Riviere's text is about 10% of the book. There is lengthy discussion about the competing medical and legal discourses, the medical wishing to rule him mad and therefore under their jurisdiction, the legal sane and therefore under theirs; in particular, there is a classic application of Foucauldian thinking in how each literally ignores (or perhaps doesn't notice) inconvenient facts, such as the legal side trying to limit the definition of madness to very specific categories and the medical side ignoring those of his actions that show an understanding of consequences. (I read this about 20 years ago, so it is imaginable that I am not recalling correctly, but I'll be very surprised if that's the case. Does someone have a copy at hand?) -- Jmabel | Talk 08:00, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't have a copy either, but looking at the table of contents on Amazon, it seems that the memoir is about a sixth of the book, but most of the book is made up of historical documents (the 'dossier'), and the remainder made up of 7 articles, only one of which is by Foucault, and that article is only 12 pages long. Hah! :) --XmarkX 10:46, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I still think it deserves a mention with a link, but will not make this an objection to featuring the article. -- Jmabel | Talk 17:37, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * This is a really good point - it think it would be good to excise the bried descriptions of individual works to their own entries. Can/should I do this now though?--XmarkX 00:49, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, you can certainly link them now, to acknowledge the need. --Jmabel | Talk 01:47, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Done --XmarkX 04:08, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Support, looks good to me. Everyking 07:42, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, based on my rather limited knowledge of Foucault, though it would be nice if Jmabel's first point could be dealt with in a succinct and readily understandable way. RadicalSubversiv E 02:50, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, have added a short blurb - see if you are satisfied.--XmarkX 04:08, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Great. RadicalSubversiv E 04:35, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Support, would love to see this as a feature. CriminalSaint
 * Support. Minor criticism, though, about the references: trying to give context about references is good, but claims like "this is the most detailed biography" do not have their place in any bibliography/reference section. Phils 11:59, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Just to clarify, is the problem with that that it's non-NPOV, or that comments about references shouldn't be included in that section?--XmarkX 13:30, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Point of fact is that there is no consensus on whether reference sections should be annotated or not. My feeling is that it is good if the comments are NPOV. That is just really hard to do since some references simply are of higher quality than others. To be really NPOV you would need to cite the comments to sources, then cite those, etc. Its turtles all the way down after that. - Taxman 22:35, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * The thing is, the comment that Macey's biography is the most detailed is totally NPOV - it is three times as long as either of the others and just contains far more information.--XmarkX 04:51, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Object. Sweeping statements like "His writings have had an enormous impact across the humanities and social sciences..." need inline citations to reliable sources, else they are POV. Another example is "Terms coined or largely redefined by Foucault, as translated into English:". What evidence supports that his interpretation of those terms widely influenced anyones? No time at the moment to read the whole article, but work on that much is certainly needed. - Taxman 22:35, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * What kind of citation are you looking for? I can attest that, as a current PhD student in the humanities, Foucault's influence is clear. I can point to the volume of books on Foucault. But, ultimately... this seems to me to fall outside the realm of POV. To my knowledge, nobody makes a serious or credible claim that Foucault's impact is anything less than enormous. We don't need to represent that POV any more than we do flat earthers. Snowspinner 03:41, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Any reliable source that supports the POV that he was very influential in whatever areas he was. I've never heard of the guy, so what do I have to go on that he was influential? The article, and you saying he was. If he was so influential, then of course there would be a good source that speaks directly to that, so it shouldn't be a big deal to find one. No we don't need to represent the POV that he wasn't influent if it it truly minor, just support the POV that he was so influential. - Taxman 14:30, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * I object this kind of attitude. I think the author should show, not tell when making statements about Foucault's importance, but the use of sources for such statements is questionable. Sources should be useful, and they shouldn't exist just for their own sake. Statements about influence can always be seen as being subjective: sourcing them won't lend them more credibility because influence is not a quantifiable concept. Wether Foucault was influential is not a subject of debate: what the author needs to do is to show why he was influential and what his influence was: he does this in the rest of the article. Phils 11:43, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * So you want to be able to state a POV and argue that point in the text? Thats called an essay, and is not acceptable under the NPOV policy. If whether he was influential is not a subject of debate, then surely you can find someone reputable that describes his influence and cite and/or quote that. If you will kindly read the FA criteria, you'll notice citing sources is clearly in there. So asking to cite a POV statement, one that is an important point to the article and is potentially contentious is not unreasonable. Why not just try improving the article instead of arguing? - Taxman 14:08, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, I'm going to weigh in and just say I don't really understand your point. I never liked this list of 'enormously influential' fields - I would like it to be pared down to just philosophy, sociology and literary theory in the English-speaking world, which I think is sufficiently uncontentious - I have wanted to do this for a long time but there was formerly serious resistance from other editors. Don't know if it's ok to do it at this point.
 * Well I don't know what to say about paring down the influential fields because I don't know anything about him or his influence. So that is why I am asking for a source supporting his influence. If it is sufficiently uncontentious, then as stated above, it should be easy to find a reliable source that describes his influence. - Taxman 14:30, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * The second thing you cite as unreferenced is just a understanding on your part: there is no claim that these terms are 'influential', just that Foucault either was the first to use them, or used them in a substantially novel way, which is objectively true in all cases.--XmarkX 19:26, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * That may be me misunderstanding that but "Terms coined or largely redefined by Foucault" seems to imply that his use influenced the meaning of the words as others know them. If not, why would that section be there? At a minimum if his meaning and usage were not influential, that section should say so. - Taxman 14:30, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support although it would be nice to at least mention Foucault's_Pendulum_(book) by Umberto Eco since it was named because of Michel Foucault .  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 02:07, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * No it wasn't, it was named after Léon Foucault--XmarkX 06:43, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Your right... my bad.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 09:18, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Wow. This fell off my watchlist somehow. I was going to go back to it and see what kind of work it still needed. Apparently, not much. Snowspinner 03:41, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Biographical sections are particularly good; the discussion and summary of individual works could still use some fleshing-out (and what's there, though largely accurate, could use some editing for a more lucid and simpler prose style), but the whole thing indisputably meets the FA standard.  Particularly impressive in comparison to Wikipedia's still slipshod coverage of most of the other major figures of continental philosophy.  Maybe add a few more pictures as illustrations of Foucault's objects of study (e.g., a panoptical prison)? -- Rbellin|Talk 04:28, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support Without commentEggplantWizard 21:03, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Reply to Taxman
I don't have a written source, but Foucault's influence has been enormous. He is probably the most-invoked name in terms of the social construction of sexuality and sexual identity. His views on the episteme and archeology (vs. history) figured prominently in the philosophy curriculum I encountered in the early 1970s, while he was still alive. When you say you "don't know anything about him or his influence": can I guess that your philosophy background was mainly in the Anglo-American tradition, favoring analytic philosophy over speculative? Other than a quick mention in an intro course, most Anglo-American philosophy departments don't teach any Continental philosophers who worked after about 1920, not even Heidegger or Sartre. Foucault is not so influential as to have broken that barrier (although I can't imagine there is a Gender Studies or Queer Studies curriculum that omits him), but this is a case where just Googling his name should give a quick clue of the extent of his influence. That said, you might have a look at http://www.synaptic.bc.ca/ejournal/foucault.htm or http://www.foucault.qut.edu.au/. -- Jmabel | Talk 18:43, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * To be honest, I have done virtually no philosphy studies, so I am coming at this topic fresh. And from the perspective of someone that does not already know who he is, a statement of his enormous influence is dubious. You all already know it and that is fine, but it doesn't mean it is not good to cite that central fact about him for others that also don't already know about the guy and his work. But see below for a resolution that would be just fine. - Taxman 16:05, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * It strikes me that one way to demonstrate influence would be to document the large degree of inclusion of his works in academic curricula. -- Jmabel | Talk 23:47, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Google Scholar, which (in my opinion) is still very incomplete in coverage of the humanities, gives 1,865 citations for Discipline and Punish alone. -- Rbellin|Talk 07:32, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * That would suffice quite happily for me. I guess I assumed one of the biographies of him would describe his influence and thus would be easy to cite as a source. If not, the citing of his work by others supports the influence just fine. - Taxman 16:01, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, but Taxman, as was said to you in the beginning, ultimately these claims are as problematic when made in an academic work as in Wikipedia - the fact that I can refer to a book that says Foucault was influential, does not make it so - it only means that it is a POV that I can note. Basically, your argument reduces down to the position that any claim about influence is POV, which is not true - I don't even think you want to say that.--XmarkX 05:17, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, that is exactly what I will say. It is a POV. It may be a correct one, but if it is, you can find a reliable source to support it. Thats simply providing backing support for a claim, which is very basic for well researched writing. Of course citing a source doesn't make it so (it either is or it isn't), but providing evidence to make it more believable that it is so is very important for such a central claim about a person. I can't believe asking someone to cite a source for something so central to an article is made out to be this big of a deal, when it is a basic part of the featured article criteria. I'm not being unreasonable here, this could have been taken care of very quickly. Also, what Jmabel has stated below is spot on, by the way. - Taxman 14:13, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * XmarkX, there is no rule against citing an authority's views. The NPOV rule is a rule against either stating the view in the narrative voice of the article or being unrepresentative in one's selections of presented third party POVs. -- Jmabel | Talk 06:04, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * Support. Pleasure reading it. Concise and at the same time has breadth. And indeed, his influence has been enormous. No doubt.--Zappaz 03:49, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Support after spellings errors are cleaned up. Run the text through a word processor to catch errors in grammar and spelling. Nichalp 19:47, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)

 * Support after further work has been done on the style and and additional general tidying up. BTW, I got tired of reading the debate over evidence (or not) of Foucault's influence, so decided to rewrite that section. I hope that the section now addresses these concerns. --Panopticon 20:59, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Missouri Hall

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was MERGE. dbenbenn | talk 22:57, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Missouri Hall
Some college dorm. Article fails to establish notability beyond being one of the countless places college students live for a few years. Since it was only built in the 60's, seems unlikely to have some (presently unmentioned) encyclopedic backstory. Niteowlneils 02:45, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/Redirect Truman State University. --ZayZayEM 02:51, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, dorms aren't notable. --Idont Havaname 00:19, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/Redirect' into Truman State University - Skysmith 09:42, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/Redirect' into Truman State University Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 10:38, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dobson Hall

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was UNCLEAR. I'm going to merge it, then put the disambig in place. dbenbenn | talk 23:07, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Dobson Hall
Some college dorm. Article fails to establish notability beyond being one of the countless places college students live for a few years. Since it was only built in the 60's, seems unlikely to have some (presently unmentioned) encyclopedic backstory/history. Niteowlneils 02:46, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/Redirect Truman State University. --ZayZayEM 02:52, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Caution before redirecting - there are a number of similar college halls in the US of the same name, and a hall in Bolton in the UK. Is this clearly the most famous building of this name (which I'm really not convinced it is), or just the first one to come up in a google search? Average Earthman 03:42, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Disambig. I have slapped together a disambiguation page to address Average Earthman's concerns.  It's on the article's talk page—what do people think? (Feel free to add your own Dobson Halls.) --TenOfAllTrades | Talk 21:36, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I like that format. Average Earthman 22:38, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, dorms aren't notable. --Idont Havaname 00:19, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It is useful to document the ordinary details of ordinary life. Authors of fiction, for example, can capture the proper feel of a fictional setting by basing it on ordinary facts about a real place.

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ryle Hall

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was MERGE. dbenbenn | talk 23:21, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Ryle Hall
Some college dorm. Article fails to establish notability beyond being one of the countless places college students live for a few years. Since it was only built in the 60's, seems unlikely to have some (presently unmentioned) encyclopedic backstory/history. Niteowlneils 02:46, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/Redirect Truman State University. --ZayZayEM 02:52, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Google can't find any record of any other building of that name, so a redirect seems sensible. Average Earthman 03:43, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Tlatoani

Tlahtoāni (, "ruler, sovereign"; plural tlahtohqueh ) is a historical title used by the dynastic rulers of āltepēmeh (singular āltepētl, often translated into English as "city-state"), autonomous political entities formed by many pre-Columbian Nahuatl-speaking peoples in the Valley of Mexico during the Postclassic Period. The title of huēyi tlahtoāni (, "great ruler, emperor") was used by the rulers of the Aztec Empire, an alliance between the āltepēmeh of Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco, and Tlacopan.

Each āltepētl had its own tlahtoāni who would concurrently function as its ruler, high priest and commander-in-chief. The tlahtoāni wielded ultimate authority over all land within the āltepētl, overseeing tribute collection, market activities, temple affairs, and the resolution of judicial disputes. Typically a dynastic ruler hailing from the royal lineage, the tlahtoāni served for life. However, in certain instances, a council of nobles, elders, and priests could elect a tlahtoāni from a pool of four candidates.

Etymology
The term tlahtoāni is an agent noun derived from the verb tlahtoa, meaning "to speak", thereby carrying the literal meaning of "one who speaks". In English, it has been translated variously as "king", "sovereign", "ruler" or, based on its etymology, "speaker". It takes the plural form tlahtohqueh, and the construct form *tlahtohcā-, as in tlahtohcāyōtl ("rulership, realm"), tlahtohcātlālli ("royal lands"), and tlahtohcācalli ("royal palace").

Related titles include tlahtohcāpilli, given to princes and other prominent noblemen, and cihuātlahtoāni , used to designate noblewomen including consorts or princesses.

Commanding hierarchy
The cihuācōātl was the second in command after the tlahtoāni, was a member of the nobility, served as the supreme judge for the court system, appointed all lower court judges, and handled the financial affairs of the āltepētl.

Tlahtoāni during times of war
During times of war, the tlahtoāni would be in charge of creating battle plans, and making strategies for his army. He would draft these plans after receiving information from various scouts, messengers, and spies who were sent out to an enemy āltepētl (city-state). Detailed information was presented to him from those reports to be able to construct a layout of the enemy. This was essential because this ensured the safety and success of each battle.

These layouts would be heavily detailed from city structures to surrounding area. The tlahtoāni would be the most informed about any conflict and would be the primary decision maker during war.

He would also be in charge of gaining support from allied rulers by sending gifts and emissaries from his city-state. During warfare the tlahtoāni would be informed immediately of deaths and captures of his warriors. He would also be in charge of informing his citizens about fallen or captive warriors, and would present gifts to the successful ones.

Tlahtohqueh of Tenochtitlan
There were eleven tlahtohqueh of Tenochtitlan. Beginning with Itzcoatl, the tlahtoāni of Tenochtitlan was also the huēyi tlahtoāni of the Aztec Empire.
 * 1) Acamapichtli: 1376–1395
 * 2) Huitzilihuitl: 1395–1417
 * 3) Chimalpopoca: 1417–1427
 * 4) Itzcoatl: 1427–1440
 * 5) Moctezuma I: 1440–1469
 * 6) Axayacatl: 1469–1481
 * 7) Tizoc: 1481–1486
 * 8) Ahuitzotl: 1486–1502
 * 9) Moctezuma II: 1502–1520
 * 10) Cuitláhuac: 1520
 * 11) Cuauhtémoc: 1520–1521

title: Tlatoani


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Jim Clayburgh

Jim Clayburgh (born 23 May 1949) is a scenic designer. He was a founding member of The Wooster Group and served as the group's resident designer from 1975 to 1994. He currently lives in Brussels, Belgium, where he founded the company JOJI INC with choreographer and dancer Johanne Saunier, and continues to design for theatre, film, dance and opera both in the USA and in Europe.

Life and career
Jim Clayburgh is the brother of actress Jill Clayburgh (1944–2010).

Clayburgh holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Claremont McKenna College, majoring in design at Pomona College, and a Master of Fine Arts degree in Theatre Design from New York University School Of The Arts. In the USA he has taught masterclasses at MIT, New York Tisch School of the Arts, University of California Santa Cruz, University of Michigan, Hollins University, Simons Rock College of Art. In Europe, he has taught at St Luc's Ecole Supérieur des Arts and the International School of Brussels.

He was part of the design team for the interior renovations of two major concert halls in Brussels: La Maison de la Radio at Flagey, Ixelles, and Le Palais des Beaux Arts.

In 2011 he gave a keynote address at the 41st International Theatre Festival at the Venice Biennale.

In 2013-14 he was a Visiting Artist at the American Academy of Rome.

Clayburgh was a member of the jury and gave a design workshop at Prague Quadrennial of Performance Design and Space in 2019, and he was a key speaker at the 2015 edition.

In 2020, he collaborated with German soprano Sarah Maria Sun on texts for concerts and lyrics for songs.

Approaches to scenic design
In conversation with Matthew Maguire:

"It interests me as a designer: looking for subconscious memories of space."

"The distraction of a twenty-minute light change in a concert setting seems to block the ability to listen for some. I find it a form of relaxation, a second track of active involved meditation. I'm surprised how few people shut their eyes when listening."

Awards
OBIE award for Sustained Achievement (The Wooster Group) (1991).

OBIE award for Sustained Achievement In Design (1982).

Articles
"A Space For Oedipus" – profile in Theatre Design & Technology, by Arnold Aronson (1978).

"Plywood and electronics" – profile in Theatre Crafts, by Tish Dace (1984).

title: Jim Clayburgh


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/IP SAN

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Delete. Rje 02:50, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)

IP SAN
Advertising?--ZayZayEM 02:48, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Indeed. Delete. Alphax (t) (c) (e) 07:38, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/IP SAN


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Talk:Top (technical analysis)

Need for a dedicated article
Is this topic so significant that it requires a dedicated article. It can be elaborated in a small paragraph under technical analysis article-- YN Desai Discuss 09:40, 29 August 2019 (UTC)

Categories
Better put this article in some meaningful category, in addition to the stubs cateogry. That way it will be easier to find by other people. Oleg Alexandrov 02:47, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

What do you suggest?

So many indictors refer to tops, somehow we need to explain what a top is. GT

 * I don't mind you explaining what a top is. And I don't know what a good category for it is. You should know better, that's your speciality :) Oleg Alexandrov 18:56, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Anybody else out there have any ideas? GT

title: Talk:Top (technical analysis)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/IP Multimedia Subsystem

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was NO CONSENSUS.

The votes were: 1 nomination, 1 delete, 1 keep. It can of course be re-nominated. dbenbenn | talk 23:31, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

IP Multimedia Subsystem
Advertising.--ZayZayEM 02:48, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or complete cleanup. The title is for a subject worthy of an article, but article as it stands is 100% advertisment.  Might just be better to delete and have someone start from scratch. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  03:11, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, cleanup and expand. Megan1967 05:47, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, agree with cleanup and expand. Don't see why it is related to any form of advertising

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.