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Template talk:Afd header

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Votes for Deletion (VfD) is where Wikipedians decide what should be done with an article. For a guide to VfD please read the Guide to Votes for Deletion, which is separate from this page for performance reasons.
 * I've written up my idea. I now suggest a much shorter version of the VFD header:

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wait wait, please tell me
Are these votes or !votes? 18:57, 2 April 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ashsong (talk • contribs)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Template talk:Afd header


text:
Talk:Karditsa

Untitled
I've tidied the English, but there are a few outstanding problems. First, the population given in the Satistics box is 3,318; I assume that this is a mistake. Secondly, it's not stated whether the statistics are for the city or the region. Thirdly, going on the historical-population figures, it seems to be a small town rather than a city. Fourthly, the list of amenities started with 'a', but most of them were plural. As the Greek for 'squares' was plural, I'm pretty sure that Karditsa has more than one, but I'm not sure about the others (how many schools, lyceums, and gymnasiums does a town with thirty-odd thousand people have?). Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 18:06, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This article was a Stubsensor cleanup project candidate. I can't quite make up my mind whether it is a stub or not, so I'm going to leave the stub tag where it is. --RoySmith 18:25, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Proposed move
This article has been renamed as the result of a move request.. From Karditsa (city), Greece to Karditsa. –Hajor 01:07, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

Karditsa is currently a redirect to this page. Markussep 15:13, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Support –Hajor 20:32, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

Karditsa municipality
There's an article named Karditsa municipality that should be merged into here. José San Martin 15:06, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Notable people
For crying out loud, is Irini Karra the ONLY notable person to hail from Karditsa? Elp gr (talk) 16:57, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

history
Karditsa wasn't first liberated town in occupied Europe, the first such town was Loznica, Serbia which was liberated in august 31 1941. Clanedstino

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title: Talk:Karditsa


text: User talk:210.227.0.250

title: User talk:210.227.0.250


text:
Fidel LaBarba

Fidel LaBarba (September 29, 1905 – October 2, 1981) was an American boxer and sportswriter. He was born in New York City and grew up in Los Angeles, California. LaBarba began his amateur career at fourteen, eventually winning the flyweight division at the national Amateur Athletic Union tournament in Boston and later qualifying for the United States Olympic team.

As a professional boxer, La Barba was a world champion in the flyweight division.

Amateur career
LaBarba began boxing around age 12 or 13 in little amateur cards held weekly at places such as the Elks Club, which were promoted by Carlo Curtiss, who had been one of World Heavyweight Champion Jess Willard's managers. "Sometimes we would have nude women at these events," he said. The first known mention of "Young Fidel" is September 17, 1920, by the Los Angeles Times, announcing a boxing/wrestling show at the Italian picnic the next day at Selig Zoo where his opponent was to be "Battling Bennie", newsboy like Fidel. Eventually, Central Junior High School boxing instructor Bob Howard saw his potential. According to an interview published January 28, 1927 in some United States newspapers, LaBarba mentioned that he defeated a boy named Dave Mariney (a.k.a. Marini) for the high school championship. Based upon this win, his friends suggested he join the amateurs, which he did. By this, he likely meant he joined the A.A.U. Fidel found it ironic that his first "official" amateur opponent was none other than Dave Mariney. This was at a semi-monthly boxing show sponsored by the Los Angeles Athletic Club (L.A.A.C). "It looked like a crime to match the two," reported the Los Angeles Times November 4, 1920. LaBarba was about four feet tall, and his opponent a foot and a half taller. "But LaBarba soon showed he knew how to take care of himself."

George Blake reportedly was the referee at that fight. He and Charles Keppen ran these L.A.A.C. shows. Blake had come to Los Angeles from Chicago in 1904. He had been a United States Army boxing instructor during World War I. By the early 1920s, Blake was a well-known referee for boxing venues such as Jack Doyle's Vernon Arena, and would become the regular referee at the soon-to-be-built Hollywood Legion Stadium. He was much-respected and known as a man of impeccable character. Blake took an interest in the young and talented Fidel LaBarba, and asked Bob Howard to have him come down to the club. " I was asked four or five times, but was embarrassed to go," LaBarba explained. He owned only one pair of torn tennis shoes. He finally mustered the fortitude to go see Blake; thus started a very long relationship. LaBarba continued to have many amateur bouts. "We would receive a gift worth $35.00," he noted. "Later, they would give us a gift certificate to buy clothes at places like the Broadway, or Sears."

Meanwhile, LaBarba attended Central Jr. High School, and then Lincoln High School—both in Los Angeles. He enjoyed playing basketball, baseball, and especially football. He was the quarterback for the "lightweight" (midget) football team. While in high school, he sometimes worked nights until midnight, racking pins at a bowling alley, then sleeping on a cot in back of the building. In the morning he would grab a bite to eat at the local restaurant, then head off to school about a mile away.

By 1924, LaBarba had lost only one bout after some 30-plus recorded contests. George Blake took eight of his L.A.A.C. boxers to Boston June 1924 for the Olympic trials, and LaBarba qualified. LaBarba won the gold medal in the flyweight division at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. After the Games, Blake arranged an amateur card at Doyle's Vernon Arena with all the American Olympic fighters, at which LaBarba finished out his amateur career.

Olympic Results

 * Jul 15, 1924		E. Warwick (England)	@ Velodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France		W-3 (first round)
 * Jul 16, 1924		Gaetano Lanzi (Italy)	@ Velodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France 	TKO-2 (second round)
 * Jul 18, 1924		Rennis/Rennie (Canada)	@ Velodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France		W-3 (quarter-final Round)
 * Jul 19?, 1924		Rinaldo Castellenghi 	@ Velodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France		W-3 (semi-final Round)
 * Jul 20, 1924		James McKenzie (G.B.) 	@ Velodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France 	W-3 (final)

Pro career
Although still in high school, LaBarba turned professional that same year.

On August 22, 1925, LaBarba defeated Frankie Genaro in a convincing 10-round decision to win the American Flyweight title. In 1927, he defeated Elky Clark to win the vacant flyweight championship of the world. La Barba dominated the fight, knocked Clark down five times and won all twelve rounds.

Seven months later, LaBarba retired to enter Stanford University. Less than a year later, however, he returned to the ring as a featherweight. He won his first five fights, and in 1931 split two decisions with Kid Chocolate. On May 22, 1931, he was given an opportunity to win the world featherweight title, but was out pointed by Battling Battalino.

LaBarba's career was prematurely curtailed when he suffered a detached retina in training for a fight against Kid Chocolate for the New York featherweight title. On December 9, 1932, LaBarba not only lost the fight in a close decision, but went blind in his eye. After the fight, he underwent surgery to repair the tear, but it was unsuccessful and he eventually had to have the eye removed.

Later life
In 1933, he was forced to retire, and returned to Stanford, where he earned a degree in journalism. After graduating from Stanford he worked as a sportswriter, and later worked in public relations, as a screenwriter, and as a technical advisor in Hollywood for boxing movies.

Fidel LaBarba died of heart failure in Los Angeles, California, in 1981. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1996.

Professional boxing record
All information in this section is derived from BoxRec, unless otherwise stated.

Official record
All newspaper decisions are officially regarded as “no decision” bouts and are not counted in the win/loss/draw column.

Unofficial record
Record with the inclusion of newspaper decisions in the win/loss/draw column.

title: Fidel LaBarba


text:
Homebase

HHGL Limited, trading as Homebase, is a British home improvement retailer and garden centre with stores across the United Kingdom and Ireland. Founded by Sainsbury's and GB-Inno-BM in 1979, the company was owned by Home Retail Group from October 2006, until it was sold to the Australian conglomerate Wesfarmers in January 2016.

Wesfarmers' management was not a success, which had included an attempt to rebrand the business under its Bunnings Warehouse name, and in August 2018, the business was sold to restructuring firm Hilco for £1. Subsequently, Hilco announced that it would close 42 of the chain's stores, and cut 1,500 jobs through a company voluntary arrangement, in an attempt to return it to profitability. By February 2020, Homebase had 164 outlets, and was again profitable, with Hilco listing the retailer for sale in November 2020.

History
Homebase was founded by the supermarket chain Sainsbury's and Belgian retailer GB-Inno-BM in 1979, as Sainsbury's Homebase. The goal was to bring a supermarket style layout to the British Do It Yourself (DIY) market. The first store was in Croydon, opening on 3 March 1981, located on the Purley Way.

Homebase tripled in size in January 1995, when Sainsbury's bought rival store group Texas Homecare from Ladbrokes. These stores were rebranded and converted to the Homebase format, beginning in February 1996, with the store in Longwell Green, Bristol. The transformation was completed by 1999.

By the time of the purchase, Texas had staff totalling 11,600, and Homebase had 4,500.

In October 1999, Sainsbury's bought Hampden Group, the franchisee of ten Homebase stores in Ireland. In August 2000, the former chief executive of Texas Homecare, Ron Trenter, made an ultimately unsuccessful bid for Homebase. In September 2000, Focus Do It All considered acquiring Homebase, but instead decided to acquire Great Mills. The next month, Home Depot joined the race to acquire Homebase, but was not successful.

On 22 December 2000, Sainsbury's sold the Homebase chain in a two-part deal worth £969 million: in March 2001, the sale of the chain of 283 stores to venture capitalist Schroder Ventures generated £750 million, and the sale of 28 development sites to Kingfisher plc, parent of Homebase rival B&Q, generated £219 million. At the time, the chain had 13% of the market in the United Kingdom, with 283 stores and 17,000 employees, behind B&Q and Focus Do It All.

Home Retail Group ownership
In November 2002, Homebase was sold again, this time to GUS plc (formerly Great Universal Stores plc) for £900 million, where it became part of Argos Retail Group (ARG). In October 2006, GUS split to form Experian and ARG. ARG was renamed Home Retail Group, within which Homebase operated until 27 February 2016.

In October 2007, Home Retail Group agreed the purchase of 27 leasehold properties from Focus DIY, to be bought for £40 million in cash. The properties were transferred over the period up to 31 December 2007, and were then refitted to the Homebase fascia over the course of several months.

No other infrastructure, and no merchandise stock were acquired as part of the transaction, although staff in these Focus stores transferred to Homebase.

In July 2013, Home Retail Group said the stores in Ireland had not made a profit in the previous five years, and that it intended to close three of the fifteen. In May 2014, Homebase launched the Homebase Design Centres. The new look stores had a Decorating Ideas and Advice Centre, offering touch screen technology, to help customers transform the look of rooms in their homes.

Following a review of the business, Home Retail Group announced in October 2014 that it would close around a quarter of Homebase stores by 2019, and that it would increase the number of Argos and Habitat concessions within the stores. In April 2015, former Tesco executive Echo Lu succeeded Paul Loft as Managing Director.

Wesfarmers ownership
On 18 January 2016, it was announced that Australian retailer Wesfarmers, owners of Australia's leading hardware store Bunnings, would acquire Homebase for £340 million, subject to shareholder approval. The transfer of ownership to Wesfarmers took place on 27 February 2016 and afterwards Peter Davis was appointed Managing Director, succeeding Echo Lu.

Wesfarmers announced in June 2016 that it had cancelled the plans by Home Retail Group to close seven stores, and would seek to prevent the closure of eleven others. It described the closure of five additional stores as "unavoidable". It was also announced that Archie Norman was to advise on the turnaround of Homebase under Wesfarmers.

Laura Ashley plc confirmed in October 2016 that it would remove its concessions trading in 22 Homebase stores by the second quarter of 2017, as Wesfarmers sought to remove all concessions and adopt the same business model as its Australian and New Zealand business.

Bunnings confirmed in November 2016 that the Homebase store in St Albans would be the first to be re-branded as Bunnings Warehouse as part of a trial, and opened in February 2017. An additional three were planned to be opened by June 2017, with up to six more completed by the end of the year. The stores adopted a low-cost warehouse model.

In February 2018, Wesfarmers reported losses relating to the takeover of £57 million in the year to June 2017, and stated that it would begin a review of the business. Wesfarmers sought buyers for the business in March, and by May, had received bids from restructuring firms Alteri Investors and Hilco.

Hilco ownership
On 25 May 2018, it was announced that Homebase had been sold by Wesfarmers to turnaround specialists Hilco, for a nominal one pound sterling. Hilco took ownership of the business on 12 June 2018. All 24 stores converted to the Bunnings format were rebranded back to Homebase. At the end of August 2018, a company voluntary arrangement (CVA) proposed by Hilco to close 42 stores, and reduce rent on others, was approved by Homebase's creditors.

The stores identified for closure in the CVA were planned to close by the beginning of 2019. Homebase secured a £95 million asset lending contract with Wells Fargo Capital Finance on 26 November 2018.

On 24 December 2018, Hilco opened its first redesigned store nicknamed BoB (Best of Both) in Orpington. The store featured traditional Homebase "gondola" shelving alongside the Bunnings red racking, with a heavy focus on decorating, moving away from Wesfarmers' primary focus on tools. At that time Homebase had over 170 stores in the United Kingdom, with a further eleven in Ireland.

In February 2020, it was announced that Homebase had returned to profit earlier than initially forecast, with nearly all of its 164 locations profitable. The company claims that its overhauled website, and the reintroduction of in-store concessions (many of which were removed by Wesfarmers) had helped it to achieve the reprise. Homebase confirmed that it would exit its CVA earlier than planned by April 2020. Hilco put Homebase back up for sale in November 2020.

In February 2024, it was reported that Homebase had made heavy losses in the previous year, with Hilco continuing to look for a buyer. It was reported that B&M and The Range had been consulted regarding a takeover deal.

Operations
The company moved its headquarters within Milton Keynes in December 2016, from premises previously shared with former sister company Argos.

Supply chain
Early in its history, Homebase used its Sainsbury's experience to move into using central warehouses from which to deliver its stock. By the 1990s, it was receiving the vast majority of its stock into central warehouses, then delivering it to stores. Homebase still receives a few direct deliveries to its stores, from manufacturers and vendors.

Loyalty scheme
In May 2009, Homebase discontinued its own loyalty programme, the Spend & Save Card, and replaced it with the Nectar loyalty card scheme, the United Kingdom's largest retail loyalty card. The Spend & Save card had been used by Homebase since 1982, and was believed to be one of the first store loyalty cards in the world.

Following the sale to Wesfarmers, Homebase left the Nectar scheme on 31 December 2016.

Advertising
From 1999 to 2005, Homebase used former Men Behaving Badly couple Neil Morrissey and Leslie Ash as a couple. Morrissey and Ash were the face of the brand for six years, until March 2005, when Homebase launched a series of new advertisements created by Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO, featuring the new slogan "Make a house a home."

From 2005 to 2008, Homebase used the song "Love Machine" by Girls Aloud in their television adverts. From 2007 to 2008, "Orinoco Flow" by Enya was used. From 2009 to 2013, "Young Folks" by Peter Bjorn and John featuring Victoria Bergsman was used.

Controversies
In April 2013, Homebase faced criticism over a poster in a London store. The poster appeared to highlight the benefits of free labour through work experience, called Workfare. The offending poster depicted a number of volunteer staff at the Haringey branch and was captioned: "How the work experience programme can benefit your store. Would 750 hours with no payroll costs help YOUR store?"

Homebase released contradictory statements, the first stating 'The company is not signed up to the Workfare Programme' and the second that 'we have decided to make no further commitment to the Job Centre work experience programme'.

Protest groups called Homebase's scheme a "profit driven attack" on workers and benefit claimants, adding "We hope Homebase will soon join, Wilko, Superdrug and more than twenty other companies who have ended their involvement with workfare. However we are prepared for further protests in the weeks and months ahead should they fail to do so."

title: Homebase


text:
Skyland Resort

Skyland Resort is a hotel and resort in Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.

The Skyland Resort, originally called Stony Man Camp, was built in 1895 at what later became the highest point on the Skyline Drive, with a sweeping view of the Shenandoah Valley at 3,680 feet. It was built in 1895 by George Freeman Pollock, a young Washington, DC man whose father owned a great deal of the land surrounding the resort. Skyland was intended to be a place where the affluent people from major cities would come to relax and recreate. Early in its life, it was advertised as a dude ranch. When it opened, transportation was by horse or wagon. It competed with the nearby Panorama Resort, which opened in 1924.

Around 1931, it was taken over by the Shenandoah National Park, and the Skyline Drive was built past it. Rather than destroying the improvements to restore the natural environment as was the practice in most parts of the Park as it was established between 1924 and 1936, Skyland's accommodations were expanded, and are available to visitors today.

title: Skyland Resort


text:
GE Evolution Series

The Evolution Series is a line of diesel locomotives built by GE Transportation Systems (now owned by Wabtec), initially designed to meet the U.S. EPA's Tier 2 locomotive emissions standards that took effect in 2005. The line is the direct successor to the GE Dash 9 Series. The first pre-production units were built in 2003. Evolution Series locomotives are equipped with either AC or DC traction motors, depending on the customer's preference. All are powered by the GE GEVO engine.

The Evolution Series was named as one of the "10 Locomotives That Changed Railroading" by Trains Magazine and was the only locomotive series introduced after 1972 to be included in that list.

The Evolution Series locomotives are some of the best-selling and most successful freight locomotives in United States history.

These locomotives are equipped with Nathan Airchime K5HL horns, with the reversed 2 configuration, making a K5HLR2. The horns are mounted backwards with the 2 bell only facing forward and the 4 bells facing back. All of the locomotives use these horns, except for the ET23DCM and international locomotives.

Models
Currently, six different Evolution Series models (seven including rebuilds), have been produced for the North American market. They are all six-axle locomotives and have AAR wheel arrangement C-C (UIC classification Co′Co′), except for the ES44C4 and ET44C4 which uses the AAR A1A-A1A wheel arrangement and the meter-gauge version developed for the Brazilian network ES43BBi which is AAR B-B-B-B.

ES40DC (2004–2008)

The ES40DC (Evolution Series, 4,000 hp, DC traction) replaced the Dash 9-40CW model in the General Electric catalogue and, like the former model, was delivered exclusively to Norfolk Southern Railway. ES44DCs owned by CSX Transportation were also given this designation in 2009 after being de-rated to 4,000 hp. However, high-horsepower demand on Norfolk Southern made a mandatory repowering of several ES40DC engines into their former ES44DC power.

ES44DC (2005–2010)
The ES44DC (Evolution Series, 4,400 hp, DC traction) replaced the Dash 9-44CW model in the General Electric catalogue. Primary users are BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, and Canadian National Railway. Pilbara Iron in Australia ordered a lengthened, international version designated ES44DCi. The extra length is used for a larger radiator to increase cooling capacity in the Australian outback.

ES44AC (2003–present)

The ES44AC (Evolution Series, 4,400 hp, AC traction) replaced the AC4400CW model in the General Electric catalogue. These locomotives have been ordered by every Class I railroad in North America: Union Pacific Railroad (who refers to these locomotives as the C45ACCTE), BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Norfolk Southern Railway, Ferromex, CPKC Railway, and Canadian National Railway.

Union Pacific also bought the heavy ballasted variation of this model, the ES44AH, and refers to it as the C45AH. UP also uses this designation to refer to their ET44AH units.

CSX Transportation has bought these locomotives and they were always heavy ballasted, so they called these the ES44AH. The first set was 700-999, which was built from 2007-2011. Beginning 2023, CSX has repainted and renumbered the 3000 series locomotives to heritage units. The first heritage, 1827, was painted into Baltimore & Ohio and renumbered from 3059 on May 11, 2023.

BNSF Railway has bought 25 ES44AC locomotives in 2023, and they are all classified as ES44ACH. They were built between August and September of 2023 and were built concurrently with the ET44ACH. The numbers were 3282-3306, which officially ended the production of the ES44C4 in 2020. These units are Tier 4 credit units. In 2024, BNSF has bought 25 more ES44ACH locomotives, which are numbered from 3307-3331. These locomotives weigh 436,320 lbs.

ES44C4 (2009–2020)
The ES44C4 (Evolution Series, 4,400 hp, C to denote 3 axles per truck, 4 traction motors) was introduced in 2009. While similar to the ES44AC, the ES44C4 has two traction motors per truck, instead of the conventional three such as on the ES44AC. No ES44C4s with DC traction were built. The center axle of each truck is unpowered, giving an A1A-A1A wheel arrangement. BNSF Railway is the launch customer for this model, ordering an initial batch of 25 units numbered 6600–6624. The ES44C4 was initially only built for BNSF. The 4200s and units 7921-7999 are certified as Tier 4 Credit units, while the others are Tier 2 or Tier 3. On 30 January 2014 Florida East Coast Railway announced that they would buy 24 ES44C4s, to be numbered 800–823, for heavy haul service and intermodal traffic. All were delivered by the end of 2014, in order to beat the EPA's deadline on exhaust-emissions standards for new-built Tier 3 locomotives.

A feature of these units is a variable traction control system in their computer systems. One of the differences between an ES44AC and an ES44C4 is the air cylinders and linkages on the truck sideframes of the ES44C4; these are part of the traction control system. Every time a variation in grade, traction, or wheel slip occurs, the computer adjusts the pressure in these cylinders to maintain sufficient adhesion, by varying the weight on the drive axles.

ES44DCi/ES44ACi
The ES44DCi (Evolution Series, 4400 horsepower, DC traction, international version) was built for the Rio Tinto railway in Australia. The ES44ACi was built for the Roy Hill and Rio Tinto Group.

Rio Tinto's units can be remotely driven, meaning nobody has to be in the cab as they can be controlled from a control center.

The ES44ACi/DCi is essentially an ES44AC/DC in a GE AC6000CW's body, with the radiator at the end protruding out over the rear deck in the same way the AC6000CW does. The locomotive's large radiator allows it to handle the Australian outback's extreme temperatures.

Roy Hill has ordered 21 ES44ACi locomotives, and is currently in possession of all 21 locomotives (numbered 1001 "Ginny"-1021). Rio Tinto ordered 100 ES44DCi locomotives and has all 100 (numbered 8100–8199) and 21 ES44ACi locomotives (numbered 9100–9120) and more are on order.

Ferromex also acquired 50 ES44ACi. As the construction of these locomotives was subsequent to the new environmental laws of the US, GE cataloged them only as ES44ACi, although in the external technical specifications of the locomotives say ES44AC). These locomotives can no longer reenter the US operating.

In Brazil, the Rumo, Suzano and MRS Logística railways purchased 25 units, manufactured at Wabtec of Brazil with broad-gauge trucks.

ET44AC/ET44C4 (2012–present)
The ET44AC (Evolution Series Tier 4, 4,400 hp, AC traction) replaces the ES44AC model. These locomotives have been ordered by most of the Class I railroads in North America, including Union Pacific, CSX Transportation, Norfolk Southern, Canadian National Railway, Kansas City Southern and BNSF Railway. BNSF Railway also ordered similar ET44C4 locomotives, which have a dynamic weight management system instead of a traction motor on the middle axle of each truck. UP and CSX designate their ET44ACs as ET44AH although UP calls these C45AH, and BNSF calling them ET44ACH as their locomotives are heavy-ballasted.

BNSF Railway has bought 25 ET44AC locomotives in 2023, and they are all classified as ET44ACH. They were built between May and September of 2023 and were built concurrently with the ES44ACH. The numbers were 3650-3674, which officially ended the production of the ET44C4 in 2020. The first unit, which was 3650, was the first one to be built in May 2023. These units follows the Tier 4 standards. In 2024, BNSF has bought 25 more ET44ACH locomotives, which are numbered from 3625-3649. These locomotives weigh 436,320 lbs.

ET23DCM (2023–present)

The ET23DCM (Evolution Series Tier 4, 2350 hp, DC traction), sometimes called the SD23T4, is a modernized locomotive using EMD's SD40-2 platform and the Wabtec Inline 6-cylinder Tier 4 diesel engine. CSX Transportation ordered 15 of these locomotives, with most being built at their Huntington Heavy Repair Shop. Wabtec also built one locomotive as a demonstrator from ex-NS SD40-2 3259.

TE33A
The TE33A is an export 1520 mm gauge locomotive in the GE Evolution Series.

3TE25K2M
The 3TE25K2M is an export 1520mm gauge locomotive in the GE Evolution Series for Russian Railways

Identifying features
The Evolution Series locomotives are visually similar to the AC4400CW and GE Dash 9 Series, although small differences are evident. The most noticeable difference is the radiator section at the rear of the locomotive is larger to accommodate the GEVO's air-to-air intercoolers. As with the AC6000CW, the radiators project beyond the end of the hood. On the ES44ACi and ES44DCi models, the radiator extends in the same way as the AC6000CW, protruding out over the rear deck. For the other Evolution Series locomotives, the radiator does not protrude completely over the rear deck, but rather sits nearly flush with the rear of the engine hood. Unlike previous GE locomotives, the grills under the radiator are at two different angles. The increase in radiator size is due to the necessity for greater cooling capacity in the locomotive in order to reduce emissions. The other major difference between the Evolution Series and earlier models is the vents below the radiators, which are larger than those on previous GE locomotives. Also, all Evolution Series units have air conditioners mounted below the cab on the conductor's side.

Australia
In 2002, GE and UGL launched the Evolution Series locomotive, and in 2009, continued their partnership for another 10 years for UGL to distribute and sell GE locomotives in Australia.

India
In November 2015, it was announced Indian Railways and GE would engage in a 11-year joint venture in which GE would hold a majority stake of 74%, to provide a mix of 1,000 diesel locomotives of type ES43ACmi which are 4,500 horsepower and type ES57ACi which are 6,000 horsepower each. Indian Railways designated these 1,676 mm (broad gauge) locomotives as the WDG-4G class and WDG-6G class respectively. General Electric has invested ₹2,052 crore (US$305 million) for its construction. In the $2.6 Billion deal, Indian Railways would purchase 1,000 goods locomotives a year for ten years beginning in 2017; the locomotives would be modified versions of the GE Evolution series. Diesel Locomotive Factory, Marhowrah was built by GE for the manufacture of the locomotives.

South Africa
Transnet Engineering in South Africa has a license to manufacture 233 4200 hp ES40ACi locomotives for Transnet Freight Rail, with core components including GEVO-12 engines supplied from the United States.

The first six of these Class 44-000 locomotives were built in Erie, Pennsylvania, in April and July 2015. In October 2015, the first of the 227 South African-built locomotives was nearing completion at Transnet Engineering's Koedoespoort shops in Pretoria.

title: GE Evolution Series


text:
American Book Awards

The American Book Award is an American literary award that annually recognizes a set of books and people for "outstanding literary achievement". According to the 2010 awards press release, it is "a writers' award given by other writers" and "there are no categories, no nominees, and therefore no losers."

The Award is administered by the multi-cultural focused nonprofit Before Columbus Foundation, which established it in 1978 and inaugurated it in 1980. The Award honors excellence in American literature without restriction to race, sex, ethnic background, or genre. Previous winners include novelists, social scientists, philosophers, poets, and historians such as Toni Morrison, Edward Said, MacKenzie Bezos, Isabel Allende, bell hooks, Don DeLillo, Derrick Bell, Robin Kelley, Joy Harjo and Tommy J. Curry.

National Book Awards
In 1980, the unrelated National Book Awards was renamed American Book Awards. In 1987 it was renamed back to National Book Awards. Other than having the same name during this seven-year period, the two awards have no relation.

1980s

 * 1980

 * Douglas Woolf for Future Preconditional: A Collection
 * Edward Dorn for Hello, La Jolla
 * Jayne Cortez for Mouth on Paper
 * Leslie Marmon Silko for Ceremony
 * Mei-mei Berssenbrugge for Random Possession
 * Milton Murayama for All I Asking for Is My Body
 * Quincy Troupe for Snake Back Solos
 * Rudolfo Anaya for Tortuga, a novel

1981

 * Alta for Shameless Hussy
 * Alan Chong Lau for Songs for Jadina
 * Bienvenido N. Santos for Scent of Apples: A Collection of Stories
 * Helen Adam for Turn Again to Me & Other Poems
 * Lionel Mitchell for Traveling Light
 * Miguel Algarín for On Call
 * Nicholasa Mohr for Felita
 * Peter Blue Cloud for Back Then Tomorrow
 * Robert Kelly for The Time of Voice: Poems 1994–1996
 * Rose Drachler for The Choice
 * Susan Howe for The Liberties
 * Toni Cade Bambara for The Salt Eaters

1982

 * Al Young for Bodies and Soul
 * Duane Niatum for Songs for the Harvester of Dreams: Poems
 * E. L. Mayo for Collected Poems E L Mayo
 * Frank Chin for The Chickencoop Chinaman and The Year of the Dragon
 * Hilton Obenzinger for This Passover or the next, I will never be in Jerusalem
 * Him Mark Lai, Genny Lim, Judy Yung for Island: Poetry and History of Chinese Immigrants on Angel Island, 1910–1940
 * Jerome Rothenberg for Pre-Faces and Other Writings
 * Joyce Carol Thomas for Marked by Fire
 * Leroy Quintana for Paper Dance: 55 Latino Poets
 * Lorna Dee Cervantes for Emplumada
 * Ronald Phillip Tanaka for The Shino Suite: Japanese-American Poetry
 * Russell Banks for Book of Jamaica
 * Tato Laviera for Enclave

1983

 * Barbara Christian for Black Women Novelists: The Development of a Tradition, 1892–1976
 * Cecilia Liang for Chinese Folk Poetry
 * Evangelina Vigil-Piñón for Thirty: An' Seen a Lot
 * Harriet Rohmer for Legend of Food Mountain: LA Montana Del Alimento
 * James D. Houston for Californians: Searching for the Golden State
 * Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn for Pet food & tropical apparitions
 * John A. Williams for Click Song, a novel
 * Joy Kogawa for Obasan
 * Judy Grahn for The Queen of Wands: Poetry
 * Nash Candelaria for Not by the Sword
 * Peter Guralnick for Lost Highway: Journeys and Arrivals of American Musicians
 * Seán Ó Tuama for An Duanaire Sixteen Hundred to Nineteen Hundred: Poems of the Dispossessed

1984

 * Cecil Brown for Days Without Weather
 * Gary Snyder for Axe Handles: Poems
 * Howard Schwartz, Mark Podwal for The Captive Soul of the Messiah: New Tales About Reb Nachman
 * Imamu Amiri Baraka for Anthology of African American Women: Confirmation Men
 * Jesús Colón for A Puerto Rican in New York, and Other Sketches
 * Joseph Bruchac for Breaking Silence: An Anthology of Contemporary Asian-American Poets
 * Maurice Kenny for The Mama Poems
 * Mei-mei Berssenbrugge for The heat bird
 * Miné Okubo for Citizen 13660
 * Paule Marshall for Praisesong for the Widow
 * Ruthanne Lum McCunn, You-shan Tang, Ellen Lai-shan Yeung for Pie-Biter
 * Thomas McGrath for Echoes inside the labyrinth
 * Venkatesh Kulkarni for Naked in Deccan
 * William J. Kennedy for O Albany!

1985

 * Angela Jackson for Solo in the Box Car Third Floor E
 * Arnold Genthe, John Kuo Wei Tchen for Genthe's Photographs of San Francisco's Old Chinatown
 * Colleen J. McElroy for Queen of the Ebony Isles
 * Gary Soto for Living Up The Street
 * Peter Irons for Justice at War
 * Keiho Soga, Taisanboku Mori, Sojin Takei, Muin Ozaki for Poets Behind Barbed Wire
 * Louise Erdrich for Love Medicine, a novel
 * Maureen Owen for Amelia Earhart
 * May Sarton for At Seventy: A Journal
 * Robert Edward Duncan for Ground Work: Before the War
 * Ron Jones for Say Ray
 * Sandra Cisneros for The House on Mango Street
 * Sonia Sanchez for Homegirls and Handgrenades
 * Julia Vinograd for The Book of Jerusalem
 * William Oandasan for Round Valley Songs

1986

 * Anna Lee Walters for The Sun Is Not Merciful: Short Stories
 * Cherríe Moraga, Gloria Anzaldúa for This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color
 * Helen Barolini for The Dream Book: An Anthology of Writing by Italian American Women
 * Jeff Hannusch for I Hear You Knockin : The Sound of New Orleans Rhythm and Blues
 * Linda Hogan for Seeing Through the Sun
 * Miguel Algarín for Time's Now/Ya Es Tiempo
 * Natasha Borovsky for A Daughter of the Nobility
 * Raymond Federman for Smiles on Washington Square: A Love Story of Sorts
 * Susan Howe for My Emily Dickinson
 * Terence Winch for Irish Musicians/American Friends
 * Toshio Mori for Yokohama, California

1987

 * Ai for SIN
 * Ana Castillo for The Mixquiahuala Letters
 * Cyn Zarco for Cir'cum.nav'i.ga'tion
 * Daniel McGuire for Portrait of Little Boy in darkness
 * Dorothy Bryant for Confessions of Madame Psyche: Memoirs and Letters of Mei-Li Murrow
 * Etheridge Knight for The Essential Etheridge Knight
 * Gary Giddins for Celebrating Bird: The Triumph Of Charlie Parker
 * Harvey Pekar for The New American Splendor Anthology: From Off the Streets of Cleveland
 * James Welch for Fools Crow
 * John Wieners for Selected Poems: 1958–1984
 * Juan Felipe Herrera for Face Games
 * Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum for liberazione della donna: feminism in Italy
 * Michael Mayo for Practicing Angels: A Contemporary Anthology of San Francisco Bay Area Poetry
 * Septima Poinsette Clark, Cynthia Stokes Brown for Ready from Within: A First Person Narrative
 * Terry McMillan for Mama

1988

 * Allison Blakely for Russia and the Negro: Blacks in Russian History and Thought
 * Charles Olson for The Collected Poems of Charles Olson: Excluding the Maximus Poems
 * Daisy Bates for The Long Shadow of Little Rock: A Memoir
 * David Halberstam for The Reckoning
 * Edward Sanders for Thirsting for Peace in a Raging Century: Poems 1961–1985
 * Gerald Vizenor for Griever: An American Monkey King in China
 * Jimmy Santiago Baca for Martin & Meditations on the South Valley
 * Kesho Y. Scott, Cherry Muhanji, Egyirba High for Tight Spaces
 * Marlon K. Hom for Songs of Gold Mountain: Cantonese Rhymes from San Francisco Chinatown
 * Benjamin Hoff for The Singing Creek Where the Willows Grow: The Mystical Nature Diary of Opal Whiteley
 * Ronald Sukenick for Down and in: Life in the Underground
 * Salvatore La Puma for The Boys of Bensonhurst
 * Toni Morrison for Beloved
 * Wing Tek Lum, Tek Lum Lum for Expounding the Doubtful Points

1989

 * Alma Luz Villanueva for The Ultraviolet Sky
 * Askia M. Touré for From the Pyramids to the Projects: Poems of Genocide and Resistance!
 * Audre Lorde for A Burst of Light
 * Carolyn Lau for Wode Shuofa: My Way of Speaking
 * Emory Elliott for Columbia Literary History of the United States
 * Eduardo Galeano for Genesis
 * Frank Chin for The Chinaman Pacific and Frisco R.R. Co.
 * Henry Louis Gates for The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of Afro-American Literary Criticism
 * Isabel Allende for Eva Luna
 * J. California Cooper for Homemade Love
 * Jennifer Stone for Stone's Throw
 * Josephine Gattuso Hendin for The Right Thing to Do
 * Leslie Scalapino for way
 * Shuntaro Tanikawa for Floating the River in Melancholy
 * Charles Fanning for The Exiles of Erin: Nineteenth-Century Irish-American Fiction
 * William Minoru Hohri for Repairing America: An Account of the Movement for Japanese American Redress

1990s
1990

 * Adrienne Kennedy for People Who Led to My Plays
 * Barbara Grizzuti Harrison for Italian Days
 * Daniela Gioseffi for Women on War (Essential Voices for the Nuclear Age)
 * Elizabeth Woody for Hand into Stone: Poems
 * Hualing Nieh for Mulberry and Peach: Two Women of China
 * Itabari Njeri for Every Good-Bye Ain't Gone
 * James M. Freeman for Hearts of Sorrow: Vietnamese-American Lives
 * John C. Walter, J. Raymond Jones for The Harlem Fox: J. Raymond Jones and Tammany, 1920–1970
 * John Norton for Light at the End of the Bog
 * José Emilio González for Vivar a Hostos
 * Sergei Kan for Symbolic Immortality: The Tlingit Potlatch of the Nineteenth Century
 * Lloyd A. Thompson for Romans and Blacks
 * Martin Bernal for Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization
 * Michelle T. Clinton, Sesshu Foster for Invocation L.A.: Urban Multicultural Poetry
 * Miles Davis for Miles: The Autobiography
 * Paula Gunn Allen for Spider Woman's Granddaughters: Traditional Tales and Contemporary Writing by Native American Women
 * Shirley Geok-lin Lim, Mayumi Tsutakawa, Margarita Donnelly for The Forbidden Stitch: An Asian American Women's Anthology

1991

 * Alejandro Murguía for Southern Front
 * bell hooks for Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics
 * Bruce Wright for Black Robes, White Justice: Why Our Legal System Doesn't Work for Blacks
 * Charley Trujillo for Soldados: Chicanos in Viet Nam
 * D. H. Melhem for Heroism in the New Black Poetry: Introductions & Interviews
 * Deborah Keenan for Looking for Home: Women Writing About Exile
 * Jessica Hagedorn for Dogeaters
 * John Edgar Wideman for Philadelphia Fire, a novel
 * Joy Harjo for In Mad Love and War
 * Karen Tei Yamashita for Through the Arc of the Rain Forest
 * Lucia Berlin for Homesick: New and Selected Stories
 * Mary Crow Dog for Lakota Woman
 * Meridel Le Sueur for Harvest Song: Collected Essays and Stories
 * Mill Hunk Herald Collective for Overtime: Punchin' Out With the Mill Hunk Herald Magazine
 * Nora Marks Dauenhauer, Richard Dauenhauer for Haa Tuwunaagu Yis, for Healing Our Spirit: Tlingit Oratory
 * R. Baxter Miller for The Art and Imagination of Langston Hughes
 * Thomas Centolella for Terra Firma

1992

 * A'Lelia Perry Bundles for Madam C.J. Walker
 * Art Spiegelman for The Complete Maus: A Survivor's Tale
 * Benjamin Alire Sáenz for Calendar of Dust
 * Donna J. Haraway for Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature
 * Fritjof Capra for Belonging to the universe: Explorations on the frontiers of science and spirituality
 * José Antonio Burciaga for Undocumented Love/Amor Indocumentado: A Personal Anthology of Poetry
 * Keith Gilyard for Voices of the Self: A Study of Language Competence
 * Lucy Thompson for To the American Indian: Reminiscences of a Yurok Woman
 * Norma Field for In the Realm of a Dying Emperor: Japan at Century's End
 * Peter Bacho for Cebu
 * Peter Kalifornsky for Dena'ina Legacy: K'tl'egh'i Sukdu: The Collected Writings of Peter Kalifornsky
 * Raymond Andrews for Jessie and Jesus and Cousin Claire
 * Sandra Scofield for Beyond Deserving
 * Sheila Hamanaka for Journey
 * Stephen R. Fox for The Unknown Internment: An Oral History of the Relocation of Italian Americans During World War II
 * Steven R. Carter for Hansberry's Drama: Commitment Amid Complexity,
 * Verlyn Klinkenborg for The Last Fine Time
 * William B. Branch, Amiri Baraka, August Wilson for Black Thunder: An Anthology of African-American Drama

1993

 * Asake Bomani, Belvie Rooks for Paris Connections: African American Artists in Paris
 * Christopher Mogil, Peter Woodrow for We Gave Away a Fortune
 * Cornel West for Prophetic Thought in Postmodern Times
 * Denise Giardina for Unquiet Earth
 * Diane Glancy for Claiming Breath
 * Eugene B. Redmond for The Eye in the Ceiling
 * Francisco X. Alarcón for Snake Poems
 * Gerald Graff for Beyond the Culture Wars: How Teaching the Conflicts Can Revitalize American Education
 * Jack Beatty for The Rascal King: The Life and Times of James Michael Curley
 * Leroy V. Quintana for The History of Home
 * Katherine Peter for Neets'aii Gwiindaii: Living in the Chandalar Country
 * Nelson George for Elevating the Game: Black Men and Basketball
 * Ninotchka Rosca for Twice Blessed, a novel

1994

 * Giose Rimanelli for Benedetta in Guysterland
 * Eric Drooker for Flood!: A Novel in Pictures
 * Graciela Limón for In Search of Bernabe
 * Gregory J. Reed for Economic Empowerment Through the Church
 * Janet Campbell Hale for Bloodlines: Odyssey of a Native Daughter
 * Jill Nelson for Volunteer Slavery: My Authentic Negro Experience
 * Lawson Fusao Inada for Legends from Camp
 * Nicole Blackman for Aloud: Voices from the Nuyorican Poets Cafe
 * Paul Gilroy for The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double-Consciousness
 * Ronald Takaki for A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America
 * Rose L. Glickman for Daughters of Feminists
 * Tino Villanueva for Scene from the Movie GIANT
 * Virginia L. Kroll for Wood-Hoopoe Willie

1995

 * Abraham Rodriguez for Spidertown, a novel
 * Herb Boyd, Robert L. Allen for Brotherman: The Odyssey of Black Men in America—An Anthology
 * Denise Chávez for Face of an Angel
 * John Egerton for Speak Now Against the Day: The Generation Before the Civil Rights Movement in the South
 * John Ross for Rebellion from the Roots: Indian Uprising in Chiapas
 * Thomas Avena for Life Sentences: Writers, Artists, and AIDS
 * Linda Raymond for Rocking the Babies, a novel
 * Li-Young Lee for The Winged Seed: A Remembrance
 * Marianna De Marco Torgovnick for Crossing Ocean Parkway
 * Marnie Mueller for Green Fires: Assault on Eden: A Novel of the Ecuadorian Rainforest
 * Peter Quinn for Banished Children of Eve, A Novel of Civil War New York
 * Sandra Martz for I Am Becoming the Woman I've Wanted
 * Gordon Henry Jr. for The Light People
 * Tricia Rose for Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America

1996

 * Agate Nesaule for A Woman in Amber: Healing the Trauma of War and Exile
 * Arthur Sze for Archipelago
 * Chang-Rae Lee for Native Speaker
 * Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni for Arranged Marriage
 * E. J. Miller Laino for Girl Hurt
 * Glenn C. Loury for One by One from the Inside Out: Race and Responsibility in America
 * James W. Loewen for Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong
 * Joe Sacco, Edward Said for Palestine
 * Kimiko Hahn for The Unbearable Heart
 * Maria Espinosa for Longing
 * Robert Viscusi for Astoria
 * Sherman Alexie for Reservation Blues
 * Ron Sakolsky, Fred Weihan Ho for Sounding Off!: Music as Resistance / Rebellion / Revolution
 * Stephanie Cowell for The Physician of London: The Second Part of the Seventeenth-Century Trilogy of Nicholas Cooke
 * William H. Gass for The Tunnel

1997

 * Alurista for Et Tu ... Raza
 * Derrick Bell for Gospel Choirs: Psalms Of Survival In An Alien Land Called Home
 * Dorothy Barresi for The Post-Rapture Diner
 * Guillermo Gómez-Peña for The New World Border: Prophecies, Poems, and Loqueras for the End of the Century
 * Louis Owens for Nightland
 * Martín Espada for Imagine the Angels of Bread: Poems
 * Montserrat Fontes for Dreams of the Centaur, a novel
 * Noel Ignatiev for Race Traitor
 * Shirley Geok-lin Lim for Among the White Moon Faces: An Asian-American Memoir of Homelands
 * Sunaina Maira for Contours of the Heart: South Asians Map North America
 * Thulani Davis for Maker of Saints
 * Tom De Haven for Derby Dugan's Depression Funnies, a novel
 * William M. Banks for Black Intellectuals: Race and Responsibility in American Life
 * Brenda Knight for Women of the Beat Generation: The Writers, Artists and Muses at the Heart of a Revolution

1998

 * Allison Adelle Hedge Coke for Dog Road Woman
 * Angela Y. Davis for Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday
 * Brenda Marie Osbey for All Saints: New and Selected Poems
 * Don DeLillo for Underworld
 * Jim Barnes for On Native Ground: Memoirs and Impressions
 * John A. Williams for Safari West: Poems
 * Nancy Rawles for Love Like Gumbo
 * Nora Okja Keller for Comfort Woman
 * Sandra Benitez for Bitter Grounds, a novel
 * Scott DeVeaux for The Birth of Bebop: A Social and Musical History
 * Thomas Lynch for The Undertaking: Life Studies from the Dismal Trade

1999

 * Alice McDermott for Charming Billy
 * Anna Linzer for Ghost Dancing
 * Brian Ward for Just My Soul Responding: Rhythm and Blues, Black Consciousness, and Race Relations
 * Chiori Santiago for Home to Medicine Mountain
 * E. Donald Two-Rivers for Survivor's Medicine: Short Stories
 * Edwidge Danticat for The Farming of Bones
 * Judith Roche, Meg McHutchison for First Fish, First People: Salmon Tales of the North Pacific Rim
 * Gioia Timpanelli for Sometimes the Soul: Two Novellas of Sicily
 * Gloria Naylor for The Men of Brewster Place, a novel
 * James D. Houston for The Last Paradise
 * Jerry Lipka, Gerald V. Mohatt, Ciulistet Group for Transforming the Culture of Schools: Yup¡k Eskimo Examples
 * Trey Ellis for Right Here, Right Now
 * Josip Novakovich for Salvation and Other Disasters
 * Lauro Flores for The Floating Borderlands: Twenty-Five Years of U.S. Hispanic Literature
 * Luís Alberto Urrea for Nobody's Son: Notes from an American Life
 * Nelson George for Hip Hop America: Hip Hop and the Molding of Black Generation X
 * Speer Morgan for The Freshour Cylinders
 * Gary Gach for What Book!?: Buddha Poems from Beat to Hiphop
 * Chiori Santiago, author, Judith Lowry, illustrator, Home to Medicine Mountain

2000s

 * 2000
 * Esther G. Belin for From the Belly of My Beauty
 * Allan J. Ryan for The Trickster Shift: Humour and Irony in Contemporary Native Art
 * Andrés Montoya for The Ice Worker Sings and Other Poems
 * Camille Peri, Kate Moses for Mothers Who Think: Tales of Real-Life Parenthood
 * David A. J. Richards for Italian American: The Racializing of an Ethnic Identity
 * David Toop for Exotica
 * Elva Trevino Hart for Barefoot Heart: Stories of a Migrant Child
 * Emil Guillermo for Amok: Essays from an Asian American Perspective; With an Introduction by Ishmael Reed
 * Frank Chin for The Chinaman Pacific & Frisco R.R. Co.
 * Helen Thomas for Front Row at the White House : My Life and Times
 * Janisse Ray for Ecology of a Cracker Childhood
 * John Russell Rickford, Russell John Rickford for Spoken Soul: The Story of Black English
 * Leroy TeCube for Year in Nam: A Native American Soldier's Story
 * Lois-Ann Yamanaka for Heads By Harry
 * Michael Lally for It's Not Nostalgia: Poetry & Prose
 * Michael Patrick MacDonald for All Souls: A Family Story from Southie
 * Rahna Reiko Rizzuto for Why She Left Us, a novel
 * Robert Creeley for The Collected Poems of Robert Creeley, 1975–2005
 * Editor/Publisher: Ronald Sukenick
 * Jack E. White, Journalism
 * Frank Chin, Lifetime Achievement
 * Robert Creeley, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2001
 * Amanda J. Cobb for Listening to Our Grandmothers' Stories: The Bloomfield Academy for Chickasaw Females, 1852–1949
 * Andrea Dworkin for Scapegoat: The Jews, Israel, and Women's Liberation
 * Carolyne Wright for Seasons of Mangoes and Brainfire
 * Chalmers Johnson for Blowback, Second Edition: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire
 * Cheri Register for Packinghouse Daughter: A Memoir
 * Chris Ware for Jimmy Corrigan: The Smartest Kid on Earth
 * Diana Garcia for When Living Was a Labor Camp
 * Elizabeth Nunez for Bruised Hibiscus
 * Janet McAdams for Island of Lost Luggage
 * Philip Whalen for Overtime: Selected Poems
 * Russell Leong for Phoenix Eyes and Other Stories
 * Sandra M. Gilbert for Kissing the Bread: New and Selected Poems, 1969–1999
 * Ted Joans for Teducation
 * Tillie Olsen for Silences
 * William S. Penn for Killing Time With Strangers
 * Malcolm Margolin, Editor
 * Ted Joans, Lifetime Achievement
 * Tillie Olsen, Lifetime Achievement
 * Philip Whalen Lifetime Achievement

 * 2002
 * Aaron A. Abeyta, Colcha
 * Susanne Antonetta, The Body Toxic: An Environmental Memoir
 * Rilla Askew, Fire in Beulah
 * Tananarive Due, The Living Blood
 * Gloria Frym, Homeless at Home
 * Dana Gioia, Interrogations at Noon
 * LeAnne Howe, Shell Shaker
 * Alex Kuo, Lipstick and Other Stories
 * Michael N. Nagler, Is There No Other Way? The Search for a Nonviolent Future
 * Donald Phelps, Reading the Funnies : Looking at Great Cartoonists Throughout the First Half of the 20th Century
 * Al Young, The Sound of Dreams Remembered: Poems, 1990–2000
 * Jessel Miller, Angels in the Vineyards
 * Lerone Bennett, Lifetime Achievement
 * Jack Hirschman, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2003
 * Kevin Baker, Paradise Alley
 * Debra Magpie Earling, Perma Red
 * Daniel Ellsberg, Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers
 * Rick Heide, ed., Under the Fifth Sun: Latino Literature from California
 * Igor Krupnik, Willis Walunga, Vera Metcalf, and Lars Krutak, eds, Akuzilleput Igaqullghet, Our Words Put to Paper: Sourcebook in St. Lawrence Island Yupik Heritage and History
 * Alejandro Murguía, This War Called Love: Nine Stories
 * Jack Newfield, The Full Rudy: The Man, the Myth, the Mania
 * Joseph Papaleo, Italian Stories
 * Eric Porter, What Is This Thing Called Jazz?: African American Musicians as Artists, Critics, and Activists
 * Jewell Parker Rhodes, Douglass' Women, a novel
 * Rachel Simon, Riding the Bus with My Sister: A True Life Journey
 * Velma Wallis, Raising Ourselves: A Gwich'in Coming of Age Story from the Yukon River
 * Max Rodriguez, QBR: The Black Book Review

 * 2004
 * Diana Abu-Jaber, Crescent, a novel
 * David Cole, Enemy Aliens: Double Standards And Constitutional Freedoms In The War On Terrorism
 * Charisse Jones and Kumea Shorter-Gooden, Shifting: The Double Lives of Black Women in America
 * Kristin Hunter Lattany, Breaking Away
 * A. Robert Lee, Multicultural American Literature: Comparative Black, Native, Latino/a and Asian American Fictions
 * Diane Sher Lutovich, What I Stole
 * Ruth Ozeki, All Over Creation
 * Renato Rosaldo, Prayer to Spider Woman / Rezo a la Mujer Arana
 * Scott Saul, Freedom Is, Freedom Ain't: Jazz and the Making of the Sixties
 * Michael Walsh, And All the Saints

 * 2005
 * Bernard W. Bell, The Contemporary African American Novel: Its Folk Roots And Modern Literary Branches
 * Cecelie Berry, Rise Up Singing: Black Women Writers on Motherhood
 * Jeff Chang, Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation
 * Julie Chibbaro, Redemption
 * Richard A. Clarke, Against All Enemies: Inside America's War on Terror
 * Alisha S. Drabek and Karen R. Adams, The Red Cedar of Afognak, A Driftwood Journey
 * Ralph M. Flores, The Horse in the Kitchen: Stories of a Mexican-American Family
 * Hiroshi Kashiwagi, Swimming in the American: A Memoir And Selected Writings
 * Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Crimes Against Nature: How George W. Bush and His Corporate Pals Are Plundering the Country and Hijacking Our Democracy
 * Don Lee, Country of Origin, a novel
 * Lamont B. Steptoe, A Long Movie of Shadows
 * Don West, No Lonesome Road: Selected Prose and Poems, eds Jeff Biggers and George Brosi
 * Journalism: Bill Berkowitz

 * 2006
 * MacKenzie Bezos, The Testing of Luther Albright, a novel
 * Matt Briggs, Shoot the Buffalo
 * David P. Diaz, The White Tortilla: Reflections of a Second-Generation Mexican-American
 * Darryl Dickson-Carr, The Columbia Guide to Contemporary African American Fiction
 * Thomas Ferraro, Feeling Italian: The Art of Ethnicity in America
 * Tim Z. Hernandez, Skin Tax
 * Josh Kun, Audiotopia: Music, Race, and America
 * P. Lewis, Nate
 * Peter Metcalfe, Gumboot Determination: The Story of the Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium
 * Kevin J. Mullen, The Toughest Gang in Town: Police Stories from Old San Francisco
 * Doris Seale and Beverly Slapin, eds., A Broken Flute: The Native Experience in Books for Children
 * Matthew Shenoda, Somewhere Else
 * Carlton T. Spiller, Scalding Heart
 * Chris Hamilton-Emery, Editor
 * Jay Wright, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2007
 * Daniel Cassidy, How the Irish Invented Slang: The Secret Language of the Crossroads
 * Michael Eric Dyson, Come Hell or High Water: Hurricane Katrina and the Color of Disaster
 * Rigoberto González, Butterfly Boy: Memories of a Chicano Mariposa
 * Reyna Grande, Across a Hundred Mountains, a novel
 * Ernestine Hayes, Blonde Indian: An Alaska Native Memoir
 * Patricia Klindienst, The Earth Knows My Name: Food, Culture, and Sustainability in the Gardens of Ethnic Americans
 * Gary Panter, Jimbo's Inferno
 * Jeffrey F. L. Partridge, Beyond Literary Chinatown
 * Judith Roche, Wisdom of the Body
 * Kali VanBaale, The Space Between

 * 2008
 * Moustafa Bayoumi, How Does It Feel to Be a Problem Being Young and Arab in America
 * Douglas A. Blackmon, Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II
 * Jonathan Curiel, Al’ America: Travels Through America's Arab and Islamic Roots
 * Nora Marks Dauenhauer, Richard Dauenhauer, and Lydia T. Black. Anóoshi Lingít Aaní Ká. Russians in Tlingit America: The Battles of Sitka, 1802 and 1804
 * Maria Mazziotti Gillan, All That Lies Between Us
 * Nikki Giovanni, The Collected Poetry of Nikki Giovanni: 1968–1998
 * C. S. Giscombe, Prairie Style
 * Angela Jackson, Where I Must Go, a novel
 * L. Luis Lopez, Each Month I Sing
 * Tom Lutz, Doing Nothing: A History of Loafers, Loungers, Slackers, and Bums in America
 * Fae Myenne Ng, Steer Toward Rock
 * Yuko Taniguchi, The Ocean in the Closet
 * Lorenzo Thomas, Don't Deny My Name: Words and Music and the Black Intellectual Tradition, ed. Aldon Lynn Nielsen
 * Frank B. Wilderson III, Incognegro: A Memoir of Exile and Apartheid
 * J. J. Phillips, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2009
 * Houston A. Baker, Jr., Betrayal: How Black Intellectuals Have Abandoned the Ideals of the Civil Right Era
 * Danit Brown, Ask for a Convertible
 * Jericho Brown, Please
 * José Antonio Burciaga, The Last Supper of Chicano Heroes: Selected Works of José Antonio Burciaga, eds Mimi R. Gladstein and Daniel Chacón
 * Claire Hope Cummings, Uncertain Peril: Genetic Engineering and the Future of Seeds
 * Stella Pope Duarte, If I Die in Juarez
 * Linda Gregg, All of It Singing: New and Selected Poems
 * Suheir Hammad, Breaking Poems
 * Richard Holmes, The Age of Wonder
 * George E. Lewis, A Power Stronger than Itself: The A.A.C.M. and American Experimental Music
 * Patricia Santana, Ghosts of El Grullo
 * Jack Spicer, My Vocabulary Did This to Me: The Collected Poetry of Jack Spicer, ed. Peter Gizzi and Kevin Killian
 * Miguel Algarín, Lifetime Achievement

2010s

 * 2010
 * Amiri Baraka, Digging: The Afro-American Soul of American Classical Music
 * Sherwin Bitsui, Flood Song
 * Nancy Carnevale, A New Language, A New World: Italian Immigrants in the United States, 1890–1945
 * Dave Eggers, Zeitoun
 * Sesshu Foster, World Ball Notebook
 * Stephen D. Gutierrez, Live from Fresno y Los
 * Victor LaValle, The Big Machine
 * François Mandeville, This Is What They Say, translated by Ron Scollon from Chipewyan
 * Bich Minh Nguyen, Short Girls
 * Franklin Rosemont and Robin D. G. Kelley, eds., Black, Brown, & Beige: Surrealist Writings from Africa and the Diaspora
 * Jerome Rothenberg and Jeffrey C. Robinson, eds., Poems for the Millennium: Volume Three: The University of California Book of Romantic and Postromantic Poetry
 * Kathryn Waddell Takara, Pacific Raven: Hawai`i Poems
 * Pamela Uschuk, Crazy Love: New Poems
 * Katha Politt, Lifetime Achievement
 * Quincy Troupe, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2011
 * Keith Gilyard, John Oliver Killens
 * Akbar Ahmed, Journey Into America: The Challenge of Islam
 * Camille Dungy, Suck on the Marrow
 * Karen Tei Yamashita, I Hotel
 * William W. Cook and James Tatum, African American Writers and Classical Tradition
 * Gerald Vizenor, Shrouds of White Earth
 * Eric Gansworth, Extra Indians
 * Ivan Argüelles, The Death of Stalin
 * Geoffrey Alan Argent, ed., The Complete Plays of Jean Racine: Volume 1: The Fratricides, translated by Argent from French
 * Neela Vaswani, You Have Given Me a Country
 * Sasha Pimentel Chacón, Insides She Swallowed
 * Miriam Jiménez Román and Juan Flores, eds., The Afro-Latin@ Reader: History of Culture in the United States
 * Carmen Giménez Smith, Bring Down the Little Birds
 * Luis Valdez, Lifetime Achievement
 * John A. Williams, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2012
 * Annia Ciezadlo, Day of Honey: A Memoir of Food, Love, and War
 * Arlene Kim, What Have You Done to Our Ears to Make Us Hear Echoes?
 * Ed Bok Lee, Whorled
 * Adilifu Nama, Super Black: American Pop Culture and Black Superheroes
 * Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor
 * Shann Ray, American Masculine
 * Alice Rearden, translator; Ann Fienup-Riordan, ed., Qaluyaarmiuni Nunamtenek Qanemciput: Our Nelson Island Stories
 * Touré, Who's Afraid of Post-Blackness? What It Means to Be Black Now
 * Amy Waldman, The Submission
 * Mary Winegarden, The Translator's Sister
 * Kevin Young, Ardency: A Chronicle of the Amistad Rebels
 * Eugene B. Redmond, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2013
 * Will Alexander, Singing In Magnetic Hoofbeat: Essays, Prose, Texts, Interviews, and a Lecture, Essay Press
 * Jacob M. Appel, The Man Who Wouldn't Stand Up, Cargo
 * Philip P. Choy, San Francisco Chinatown: A Guide To Its History & Architecture, City Lights
 * Amanda Coplin, The Orchardist, Harper Collins
 * Natalie Diaz, When My Brother Was An Aztec, Copper Canyon Press
 * Louise Erdrich, The Round House, Harper Collins
 * Alan Gilbert, Black Patriots and Loyalists: Fighting for Emancipation in the War for Independence, University of Chicago
 * Judy Grahn, A Simple Revolution: The Making of an Activist Poet, Aunt Lute Books
 * Joy Harjo, Crazy Brave: A Memoir, W.W. Norton & Co.
 * Demetria Martinez, The Block Captain's Daughter, University of Oklahoma Press
 * Daniel Abdal-Hayy Moore, Blood Songs, The Ecstatic Exchange
 * dg nanouk okpik, Corpse Whale, University of Arizona Press
 * Seth Rosenfeld, Subversives: The FBI's War On Student Radical and Reagan's Rise to Power, Farrar, Straus & Giroux
 * Christopher B. Teuton, Cherokee Stories of the Turtle Island Liar's Club, University of North Carolina
 * Lew Welch, Ring of Bone: Collected Poems, City Lights
 * Ivan Argüelles, Lifetime Achievement
 * Greil Marcus, Lifetime Achievement
 * Floyd Salas, Lifetime Achievement

 * 2014
 * Andrew Bacevich, Breach of Trust: How Americans Failed Their Soldiers and Their Country, Metropolitan Books
 * Joshua Bloom and Waldo E. Martin, Jr., Black Against Empire; The History and Politics of the Black Panther Party, University of California Press
 * Juan Delgado (poetry) and Thomas McGovern (photography), Vital Signs, Heyday Books
 * Alex Espinoza, The Five Acts of Diego León, Random House
 * Jonathan Scott Holloway, Jim Crow Wisdom: Memory and Identity in Black America Since 1940, University of North Carolina Press
 * Joan Naviyuk Kane, Hyperboreal, University of Pittsburgh Press
 * Jamaica Kincaid, See Now Then, Farrar, Straus and Giroux
 * Tanya Olson, Boyishly, YesYes Books
 * Sterling D. Plumpp, Home/Bass, Third World Press
 * Emily Raboteau, Searching For Zion: The Quest for Home in the African Diaspora, Atlantic Monthly Press
 * Jerome Rothenberg with Heriberto Yepez, Eye of Witness: A Jerome Rothenberg Reader, Commonwealth Books
 * Nick Turse, Kill Anything That Moves: The Real American War in Vietnam, Metropolitan Books
 * Margaret Wrinkle, Wash, Atlantic Monthly Press
 * Koon Woon, Water Chasing Water, Kaya Press
 * Armond White, Anti-Censorship Award
 * Michael Parenti, Lifetime Achievement

2016
 * 2015
 * Hisham Aidi, Rebel Music: Race, Empire, and the New Muslim Youth Culture (Vintage)
 * Arlene Biala, her beckoning hands (Word Poetry)
 * Arthur Dong, Forbidden City, USA: Chinese American Nightclubs, 1936-1970 (DeepFocus Productions)
 * Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States (Beacon Press)
 * Peter J. Harris, The Black Man of Happiness (Black Man of Happiness Project)
 * Marlon James, A Brief History of Seven Killings (Riverhead Books)
 * Naomi Klein, This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate (Simon & Schuster)
 * Laila Lalami, The Moor's Account (Pantheon)
 * Manuel Luis Martinez, Los Duros (Floricanto Press)
 * Craig Santos Perez, from unincorporated territory [guma’] (Omnidawn)
 * Carlos Santana with Ashley Kahn and Hal Miller, The Universal Tone: Bringing My Story to Light (Little, Brown and Company)
 * Ira Sukrungruang, Southside Buddhist (University of Tampa Press)
 * Astra Taylor, The People's Platform: Taking Back Power and Culture in the Digital Age (Henry Holt)
 * Anne Waldman, Lifetime Achievement

2017
 * Laura Da', Tributaries (University of Arizona)
 * Susan Muaddi Darraj, Curious Land: Stories from Home (University of Massachusetts)
 * Deepa Iyer, We Too Sing America: South Asian, Arab, Muslim, and Sikh Immigrants Shape Our Multicultural Future (The New Press)
 * Mat Johnson, Loving Day (Spiegel & Grau)
 * John Keene, Counternarratives (New Directions)
 * William J. Maxwell, F.B. Eyes: How J. Edgar Hoover's Ghostreaders Framed African American Literature (Princeton University)
 * Lauret Savoy, Trace: Memory, History, Race, and the American Landscape (Counterpoint)
 * Ned Sublette and Constance Sublette, The American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry (Lawrence Hill Books)
 * Jesús Salvador Treviño, Return to Arroyo Grande (Arte Público)
 * Nick Turse, Tomorrow's Battlefield: U.S. Proxy Wars and Secret Ops in Africa (Haymarket Books)
 * Ray Young Bear, Manifestation Wolverine: The Collected Poetry of Ray Young Bear (Open Road Integrated Media)
 * Louise Meriwether, Lifetime Achievement
 * Lyra Monteiro and Nancy Isenberg, Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award
 * Chiitaanibah Johnson, Andrew Hope Award

2018
 * Rabia Chaudry Adnan's Story: The Search for Truth and Justice After Serial (St. Martin's Press)
 * Flores A. Forbes Invisible Men: A Contemporary Slave Narrative in the Era of Mass Incarceration (Skyhorse Publishing)
 * Yaa Gyasi Homegoing (Knopf)
 * Holly Hughes Passings (Expedition Press)
 * Randa Jarrar Him, Me, Muhammad Ali (Sarabande Books)
 * Bernice L. McFadden The Book of Harlan (Akashic Books)
 * Brian D. McInnes Sounding Thunder: The Stories of Francis Pegahmagabow (Michigan State University Press)
 * Patrick Phillips Blood at the Root: A Racial Cleansing in America (W. W. Norton & Company)
 * Vaughn Rasberry Race and the Totalitarian Century: Geopolitics in the Black Literary Imagination (Harvard University Press)
 * Marc Anthony Richardson Year of the Rat (Fiction Collective Two)
 * Shawna Yang Ryan Green Island (Knopf)
 * Ruth Sergel See You in the Streets: Art, Action, and Remembering the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire (University of Iowa Press)
 * Solmaz Sharif Look (Graywolf Press)
 * Adam Soldofsky Memory Foam (Disorder Press)
 * Alfredo Véa The Mexican Flyboy (University of Oklahoma Press)
 * Dean Wong Seeing the Light: Four Decades in Chinatown (Chin Music Press)
 * Nancy Mercado Lifetime Achievement
 * Ammiel Alcalay Editor/Publisher Award: Lost & Found: The CUNY Poetics Document Initiative

2019
 * Thi Bui The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir (Harry N. Abrams)
 * Rachelle Cruz God's Will for Monsters (Inlandia Books)
 * Tommy Curry The Man-Not: Race, Class, Genre, and the Dilemmas of Black Manhood (Temple University Press)
 * Tongo Eisen-Martin Heaven Is All Goodbyes (City Lights)
 * Dana Naone Hall Life of the Land: Articulations of a Native Writer (University of Hawaii)
 * Kelly Lytle Hernández City of Inmates: Conquest, Rebellion, and the Rise of Human Caging in Los Angeles, 1771-1965 (University of North Carolina)
 * Victor LaValle The Changeling: A Novel (Spiegel & Grau)
 * Bojan Louis Currents (BkMk Press)
 * Valeria Luiselli Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in Forty Questions (Coffee House Press)
 * Cathryn Josefina Merla-Watson and B. V. Olguín Altermundos Latin@ Speculative Literature, Film, and Popular Culture (UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Press)
 * Tiya Miles The Dawn of Detroit: A Chronicle of Slavery and Freedom in the City of the Straits (The New Press)
 * Tommy Pico Nature Poem (Tin House Books)
 * Rena Priest Patriarchy Blues (MoonPath Press)
 * Joseph Rios Shadowboxing: poems & impersonations (Omnidawn)
 * Sunaura Taylor Beasts of Burden: Animal and Disability Liberation (The New Press)
 * Sequoyah Guess Lifetime Achievement
 * Kellie Jones South of Pico: African American Artists in Los Angeles in the 1960s and 1970s (Duke University Press): Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award
 * Charles F. Harris Editor/Publisher Award
 * Rob Rogers Anti-Censorship Award
 * Heroes Are Gang Leaders Oral Literature Award

 * Frank Abe, Greg Robinson, and Floyd Cheung John Okada: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy (University of Washington Press)
 * May-lee Chai Useful Phrases for Immigrants: Stories (Blair)
 * Louise DeSalvo The House of Early Sorrows: A Memoir in Essays (Fordham University Press)
 * Heid E. Erdrich New Poets of Native Nations (Graywolf Press)
 * Ángel García Teeth Never Sleep: Poems (University of Arkansas Press)
 * Tommy Orange There There (Knopf)
 * Halifu Osumare Dancing in Blackness: A Memoir (University Press of Florida)
 * Christopher Patton Unlikeness Is Us: Fourteen from the Exeter Book (Gaspereau Press)
 * Mark Sarvas Memento Park: A Novel (Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
 * Jeffrey C. Stewart The New Negro: The Life of Alain Locke (Oxford University Press)
 * William T. Vollmann Carbon Ideologies: Volume I, No Immediate Danger, Volume II, No Good Alternative (Viking Press|Viking)
 * G. Willow Wilson and Nico Leon Ms. Marvel Vol. 9: Teenage Wasteland (Marvel Comics)
 * Nathan Hare Lifetime Achievement Award
 * UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Editor/Publisher Award
 * Moor Mother Oral Literature Award

2020s
2020

 * Reginald Dwayne Betts, Felon: Poems (W.W. Norton)
 * Sara Borjas, Heart Like a Window, Mouth Like a Cliff (Noemi Press)
 * Neeli Cherkovski, Raymond Foye, Tate Swindell, editors, Collected Poems of Bob Kaufman (City Lights)
 * Staceyann Chin, Crossfire: A Litany for Survival (Haymarket)
 * Kali Fajardo-Anstine, Sabrina & Corina: Stories (One World)
 * Tara Fickle, The Race Card: From Gaming Technologies to Model Minorities (New York University Press)
 * Erika Lee, America for Americans: A History of Xenophobia in the United States (Basic Books)
 * Yoko Ogawa, The Memory Police (Pantheon)
 * Jake Skeets, Eyes Bottle Dark with a Mouthful of Flowers (Milkweed Editions)
 * George Takei, Justin Eisinger, Steven Scott, and Harmony Becker, They Called Us Enemy (Top Shelf Productions)
 * Ocean Vuong, On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous (Penguin)
 * De'Shawn Charles Winslow, In West Mills (Bloomsbury Publishing)
 * Albert Woodfox with Leslie George, Solitary: My Story of Transformation and Hope (Grove Press)
 * Lifetime Achievement: Eleanor W. Traylor
 * Editor Award: The Panopticon Review, Kofi Natambu, editor
 * Publisher Award: Commune Editions, Jasper Bernes, Joshua Clover, and Juliana Spahr, editors
 * Oral Literature Award: Amalia Leticia Ortiz
 * Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award: Appalachian Reckoning: A Region Responds to Hillbilly Elegy, edited by Anthony Harkins and Meredith McCarroll

2021

 * Ayad Akhtar, Homeland Elegies (Little, Brown & Co.)
 * Maisy Card, These Ghosts Are Family (Simon & Schuster)
 * Anthony Cody, Borderland Apocrypha (Omnidawn Press)
 * Ben Ehrenreich, Desert Notebooks: A Road Map for the End of Time (Counterpoint)
 * Johanna Fernández, The Young Lords: A Radical History (University of North Carolina Press)
 * Carolyn Forché, In the Lateness of the World: Poems (Penguin Press)
 * John Giorno, Great Demon Kings: A Memoir of Poetry, Sex, Art, Death, and Enlightenment (Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
 * Cathy Park Hong, Minor Feelings: An Asian American Reckoning (One World)
 * Randall Horton, {#289-128}: Poems (University of Kentucky)
 * Gerald Horne, The Dawning of the Apocalypse: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, Settler Colonialism, and Capitalism in the Long Sixteenth Century (Monthly Review Press)
 * Robert P. Jones, White Too Long: The Legacy of White Supremacy in American Christianity (Simon & Schuster)
 * Judy Juanita, Manhattan my ass, you're in Oakland (Equidistance Press)
 * William Melvin Kelley (author), Aiki Kelley (illustrator), Dunfords Travels Everywheres (Anchor Books)
 * Lifetime Achievement: Maryemma Graham
 * Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award: Everything Man: The Form and Function of Paul Robeson, by Shana Redmond
 * Anti-Censorship Award: Separated: Inside an American Tragedy, by Jacob Soboroff

2022

 * Spencer Ackerman, Reign of Terror: How the 9/11 Era Destabilized America and Produced Trump (Viking)
 * Esther G. Belin, Jeff Burgland, Connie A. Jacobs, Anthony K. Webster, editors, The Diné Reader: An Anthology of Navajo Literature (University of Arizona Press)
 * Emma Brodie, Songs in Ursa Major (Knopf)
 * Daphne Brooks, Liner Notes for the Revolution: The Intellectual Life of Black Feminist Sound (Harvard University Press)
 * Myriam J. A. Chancy, What Storm, What Thunder (Tin House Books)
 * Francisco Goldman, Monkey Boy (Grove Press)
 * Zakiya Dalila Harris, The Other Black Girl: A Novel (Atria Books)
 * Fatima Shaik, Economy Hall: The Hidden History of a Free Black Brotherhood (The Historic New Orleans Collection)
 * Edwin Torres, Quanundrum: [i will be your many angled thing] (Roof Books)
 * Truong Tran, Book of the Other: Small in Comparison (Kaya Press)
 * Mai Der Vang, Yellow Rain (Graywolf Press)
 * Phillip B. Williams, Mutiny (Penguin Books)
 * Michelle Zauner, Crying in H Mart: A Memoir (Knopf)
 * Lifetime Achievement: Gayl Jones
 * Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award: Sound Recording Technology and American Literature, by Jessica E. Teague
 * Anti-Censorship Award: Jeffrey St. Clair
 * Editor/Publisher Award: Wave Books: Charlie Wright (Publisher) / Joshua Beckman (Editor in Chief)

2023

 * Ayanna Lloyd Banwo, When We Were Birds (Doubleday)
 * Edgar Gomez, High-Risk Homosexual (Soft Skull)
 * Kelly Lytle Hernández, Bad Mexicans: Race, Empire, and Revolution in the Borderlands (W.W. Norton & Company)
 * Everett Hoagland, The Ways: Poems of Affirmation, Reflection and Wonder (North Star Nova Press)
 * Anne Hyde, Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West (W.W. Norton & Company)
 * Jamil Jan Kochai, The Haunting of Haji Hotak and Other Stories (Viking)
 * Aidan Levy, Saxophone Colossus: The Life and Music of Sonny Rollins (Hachette Books)
 * Bojan Louis, Sinking Bell: Stories (Gray Wolf Press)
 * Leila Mottley, Nightcrawling (Knopf)
 * Darryl Pinckney, Come Back in September: A Literary Education on West Sixty-seventh Street, Manhattan (Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
 * Sherry Shenoda, Mummy Eaters (University of Nebraska Press)
 * Mosab Abu Toha, Things You May Find Hidden in My Ear: Poems from Gaza (City Lights Books)
 * Javier Zamora, Solito: A Memoir (Hogarth)
 * Maxine Hong Kingston: Lifetime Achievement Award
 * Neta Crawford: Anti-Censorship Award
 * Bell hooks: Walter & Lilliam Lowenfels Award for Criticism

title: American Book Awards


text:
Disney's Port Orleans Resort

Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter and Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside are a pair of hotels at Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida that form a single resort. They are themed to look like New Orleans and the Old South. They are in the Disney Springs area and are owned and operated by Disney Parks, Experiences and Products.

The two resorts are connected to each other and Disney Springs via the Sassagoula River. With over 3,000 rooms between them, they have the largest number of rooms of any resort on the Walt Disney World property. The Riverside section alone is the second-largest resort in Walt Disney World.

They are classified as Moderate resorts within Disney's portfolio (between the Value and Deluxe classifications).

Design and history
Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter was designed to reflect the style and architecture of New Orleans' French Quarter. It opened on May 17, 1991, as Disney's Port Orleans Resort, with 432 guest rooms in three buildings. It later expanded to its current 1,008 rooms in seven three-story buildings containing 144 rooms each.

Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside was designed to reflect the Antebellum South along the Mississippi River. It opened on February 2, 1992 as Disney's Dixie Landings Resort, initially with rooms located in its Alligator Bayou section. The remaining Magnolia Bend section was opened shortly thereafter. Alligator Bayou has 1,024 guest rooms over 16 buildings, styled as rustic, weathered lodges, with 64 rooms per lodge. Magnolia Bend has 1,024 guest rooms over four buildings styled as southern plantation grand manor homes, with 256 rooms per mansion.

Beginning March 1, 2001, road signage and other theming began to change, reflecting the Disney's Port Orleans Resort and Disney's Dixie Landings Resort properties becoming "regions" of a united Disney's Port Orleans Resort. As of April 1, 2001, the regions became French Quarter and Riverside. Changes leading up to and after this period included the French Quarter region losing Bonfamille's Cafe table-service restaurant, bike rentals, and boat rentals. French Quarter region guests had to use the larger facilities in the Riverside region. Bonfamille's Cafe is now only used occasionally as a meeting space for food and beverage management and a training facility. Bonfamille's Cafe's kitchen is Disney World's test kitchen. Other theme changes included Colonel's Cotton Mill food court becoming Riverside Mill.

In 2011, Disney transformed about a quarter of the 2,000 rooms in the Riverside section of Disney's Port Orleans Resort into the Royal Guest Rooms.

On October 22, 2019, Disney expanded their Mobile Food Ordering system to a total of 35 Quick Service locations, including the Riverside Mill Food Court at Riverside and Sassagoula Soda Floatworks and Food Factory at Port Orleans. The system allows guests to use the My Disney Experience app to pre-order their food prior to arrival at the food court.

The Original Scat Cat’s location was replaced by a beignets cafe called Scat Cat's Club Café, and the lounge was moved to the old Bonfamille's Cafe.

In 2020, the resort closed due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and did not reopen until October 28, 2021 (French Quarter) and October 14, 2021 (Riverside).

title: Disney's Port Orleans Resort


text:
ISG Weirton Steel

Weirton Steel Corporation was a steel production company founded by Ernest T. Weir in West Virginia in 1909. It was at one time one of the world's largest producers of tin plate products.

History
Weirton Steel Corporation was an integrated steel mill founded in 1909 by Ernest T. Weir. In 1905, Weir and his partner, James Phillips, bought a tin mill in Clarksburg, West Virginia. In 1909, they relocated to Hollidays Cove, West Virginia, and expanded the operation. The location was chosen due to the abundant water supply, much needed for steel production, and the convenient access to major steel markets.

In 1929, Weir merged Weirton Steel with Detroit's Michigan Steel and Cleveland's M. A. Hanna Company to form National Steel Corporation. National Steel became one of the largest steel producers in the United States, but by the end of the century, the company was experiencing financial difficulties.

Weirton Steel became the largest Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) steel plant in the world when employees purchased stocks in the 1980s. After Weirton Steel filed for bankruptcy, with 3,000 employees, Ohio-based International Steel Group (ISG) submitted a low offer of $237 million. On April 22, 2004, U.S. federal bankruptcy Judge L. Edward Friend II ruled that ISG could purchase Weirton Steel. By court order, the assets were then auctioned, with most being acquired by ISG, which formed a new division called ISG Weirton Steel.

On April 5, 2005, ISG completed a merger with Mittal Steel. In 2006, Mittal Steel completed a further merger with Arcelor, forming a new company known as ArcelorMittal.

In December 2020, ArcelorMittal sold its U.S. holdings to Ohio-based Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. making it a subsidiary of the Cleveland-Cliffs organization.

On February 15, 2024, Cleveland-Cliffs announced that it would shut down the Weirton tinworks on April 16th, with CEO Lourenco Goncalves stating that the United States International Trade Commission overturning an earlier Department of Commerce ruling allowing for higher tariffs on tinplate imports rendered the facility unprofitable to operate. Over 900 employees are affected by the closure of this facility. U.S. Senator Joe Manchin declared the ITC turned "a blind eye to nearly 1,000 hard-working employees," and that "Cleveland-Cliffs’ closure is an absolute injustice not only to American workers, but to the very principle of fair competition, and it will undoubtedly weaken our economic and national security."

Weirton Steel Works
Located in Weirton, West Virginia, the integrated steel mill had four blast furnaces (1919, 1926, 1941 and 1952), an open-hearth shop (1920) and a bessemer converter (1936). It was one of the world´s largest producers of tin plate products. A basic oxygen plant was constructed in 1965.

In May 2023, Form Energy began building a manufacturing facility producing iron-air batteries for electrical storage at the Weirton mill site.

title: ISG Weirton Steel


text:
User:Askewmind/work in progress

Here you can see what I'm preparing for publication in the very near future. Please make any suggestions, comments or even corrections if you feel like it.

=Refractive Index (including Complex description)= The parameter used to describe the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter is the complex index of refraction, $$\tilde{n}$$, which is a combination of a real part and an imaginary part.

 * $$\tilde{n}=n-ik$$

Here, n is also called 'index of refraction' which sometime leads to confusion, and k is called the 'extinction coefficient'. In a dielectric material such as glass, none of the light is absorbed and therefore k = 0.

The refractive index of a material is the factor by which electromagnetic radiation is slowed down (relative to vacuum) when it travels inside the material. For a non-magnetic material, the square of the refractive index is the material's dielectric constant ε (sometimes expressed as the relative permittivity εr multiplied by the permittivity of free space, ε0). For a general material it is given by:

 * $$ n=\sqrt{\varepsilon\mu}$$

 * where μ is the permeability of free space.

The speed of all electromagnetic radiation in vacuum is the same, approximately 3×108 meters per second, and is denoted by c. So if $$v$$ is the phase velocity of radiation of a specific frequency in a specific material, the refractive index is given by

 * $$n =\frac{c}{v}$$

This number is typically bigger than one: the denser the material, the more the light is slowed down. However, at certain frequencies (e.g. near absorption resonances, and for x-rays), $$n$$ will actually be smaller than one. This does not contradict the theory of relativity, which holds that no information-carrying signal can ever propagate faster than $$c$$, because the phase velocity is not the same as the group velocity or the signal velocity.

The phase velocity is defined as the rate at which the crests of the waveform propagate; that is, the rate at which the phase of the waveform is moving. The group velocity is the rate that the envelope of the waveform is propagating; that is, the rate of variation of the amplitude of the waveform. It is the group velocity that (almost always) represents the rate that information (and energy) may be transmitted by the wave, for example the velocity at which a pulse of light travels down an optical fibre.

Sometimes, a "group velocity refractive index", usually called the group index is defined:

 * $$n_g=\frac{c}{v_g}$$,

 * where $$v_g$$ is the group velocity. This value should not be confused with $$n$$, which is always defined with respect to the phase velocity.

At the microscale an electromagnetic wave is slowed in a material because the electric field creates a disturbance in the charges of each atom (primarily the electrons) proportional to the permittivity. This oscillation of charges itself causes the radiation of an electromagnetic wave that is slightly out-of-phase with the original. The sum of the two waves creates a wave with the same frequency but shorter wavelength than the original, leading to a slowing in the wave's travel.

If the refractive indices of two materials are known for a given frequency, then one can compute the angle by which radiation of that frequency will be refracted as it moves from the first into the second material from Snell's law.

Recent research has also demonstrated the existence of negative refractive index which can occur if $$\epsilon$$ and $$\mu$$ are simultaneously negative. Not thought to occur naturally this can be achieved with so called metamaterials and offers the possibility of perfect lenses and other exotic phenomena such as a reversal of Snell's law.

Dispersion and Absorption
The refractive index of a material varies with frequency (except in vacuum, where all frequencies travel at the same speed, $$c$$). This effect, known as dispersion, is what causes a prism to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors, explains rainbows, and is the cause of chromatic aberration in lenses. In regions of the spectrum where the material does not absorb, the refractive index increases with frequency. Near absorption peaks, the refractive index decreases with frequency.

The Sellmeier equation is an empirical formula that works well in describing dispersion, and Sellmeier coefficients are often quoted instead of the refractive index in tables. For some representative refractive indices at different wavelengths, see list of indices of refraction.

In general, the refractive index is defined as a complex number with both a real and imaginary part, where the latter indicates the strength of absorption loss at a particular wavelength—thus, the imaginary part is sometimes called the extinction coefficient k. Such losses become particularly significant, for example, in metals at short (e.g. visible) wavelengths, and must be included in any description of the refractive index. The real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index are related through use of the Kramers-Kronig relations. For example, one can determine a material's full complex refractive index as a function of wavelength from an absorption spectrum of the material.

Anisotropy
The refractive index of certain media may be different depending on the polarization and direction of propagation of the light through the medium. This is known as birefringence or anisotropy and is described by the field of crystal optics. In the most general case, the dielectric constant is a rank-2 tensor (a 3 by 3 matrix), which cannot simply be described by refractive indices except for polarizations along principal axes.

In magneto-optic (gyro-magnetic) and optically active materials, the principal axes are complex (corresponding to elliptical polarizations), and the dielectric tensor is complex-Hermitian (for lossless media); such materials break time-reversal symmetry and are used e.g. to construct Faraday isolators.

Nonlinearity
The strong electric field of high intensity light (such as output of a laser) may cause a medium's refractive index to vary as the light passes through it, giving rise to nonlinear optics. If the index varies quadratically with the field (linearly with the intensity), it is called the optical Kerr effect and causes phenomena such as self-focusing and self phase modulation. If the index varies linearly with the field (which is only possible in materials that do not possess inversion symmetry), it is known as the Pockels effect.

Inhomogeneity
If the refractive index of a medium is not constant, but varies gradually with position, the material is known as a gradient-index medium and is described by gradient index optics. Light travelling through such a medium can be bent or focussed, and this effect can be exploited to produce lenses, some optical fibers and other devices. Some common mirages are caused by a spatially-varying refactive index of air.

Basic principles
An ellipsometer functions by reflecting a beam of light of known polarization off of a sample, and measuring the polarization change upon reflection. The exact nature of the polarization change is determined by the sample's properties (thickness and refractive index). Ellipsometry is a specular optical technique (the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection). In its modern incarnation, ellipsometry uses a laser as the illumination source, usually a HeNe laser which has a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Although optical techniques are inherently diffraction limited, ellipsometry exploits phase information and the polarization state of light, and can achieve angstrom resolution.

In its simplest form, the technique is applicable to thin films with thickness less than a nanometre to a micrometre. The sample must be composed of a small number of discrete, well-defined layers that are optically homogeneous, isotropic, and non-absorbing. Violation of these assumptions will invalidate the standard ellisometric fitting procedure, although more advanced variants of the technique have been designed (such as spectroscopic or multi-angle ellipsometry).

Details
Ellipsometry measures two of the four Stokes parameters, which are conventionally denoted by $$\Psi$$ and $$\Delta$$. The polarization state of the light incident upon the sample may be decomposed into an s and a p component (the s-component is oscillating parallel to the sample surface, and the p-component is oscillating parallel to the plane of incidence). The intensity of the s and p component, after reflection, are denoted by $$R_s$$ and $$R_p$$. The fundamental equation of ellipsometry is then written:

 * $$\rho = \frac{R_p}{R_s} = \tan ( \Psi ) e^{i \Delta}$$

Thus, $$\tan \Psi$$ is the amplitude change upon reflection, and $$\Delta$$ is the phase shift. Since ellipsometry is measuring the ratio of two values (rather than the absolute value of either), it is very robust, accurate, and reproducible. For instance, it is insensitive to scatter and fluctuations, and requires no standard or calibration.

The measured $$\Psi$$ and $$\Delta$$ can be converted to optical constants if a layer model is assumed. Directly inverting $$\Psi$$ and $$\Delta$$ is not possible. Instead, an iterative procedure (least-squares minimization) is used: various values of the optical constants are considered, $$\Psi$$ and $$\Delta$$ are then calculated using Fresnel reflection theory. The optical constants which come closest to the experimental $$\Psi$$ and $$\Delta$$ are then considered to be the correct values for the sample.

Research
Surrey University Photonics & Optoelectronics Research Laboratory Newcastle University Uta University

Manufacturers
HORIBA Jobin Yvon J A Woollam Co Sopra Lab X

title: User:Askewmind/work in progress


text:
Wikipedia:Quebec Wikipedians' notice board

=Nominations=

FA

 * None at present

GA

 * None at present

=Issues=

Candidates for deletion
Please also see WikiProject Deletion sorting/Canada, as entries pertaining to Quebec may sometimes not have been listed here promptly.

Articles in need of maintenance

 * Le Livre noir du Canada Anglais - NPOV disputed
 * Louis-Alexandre Taschereau - NPOV & clean-up work needed
 * Municipal reorganization in Quebec - ALL the city links needs to be correctly formatted. I had started it but it seems to never have saved *sob* Circeus
 * Montreal Metro delisted GA due to the lack of inline citations, as required by the GA criteria.
 * Quebec was "quickfailed" for GA due to insufficent in-line references. This article is rated top (but should have been rated highest) on the importance scale of Quebec project and attention should be given to improve it as soon as possible considering that it is the main article on Quebec-related subject. Also, please consider reviewing and improving the information already presented in the article before adding or expanding.
 * Mario Laguë - AfD'd; info about his tenure under Paul Martin needs to be added.
 * Maxime Rémillard - In serious need of refimprove

Naming issues

 * Ciné-Asie Creatives possible merge with Ciné-Asie?
 * Malbaie River needs to be split into two separate articles
 * Merge Davie Shipbuilding with:
 * MIL-Davie Shipbuilding
 * Marine Industries
 * Davie Yards Incorporated

Discussion

 * If your question, request, or notification does not fall in any of the above categories, or if you aren't sure where to put your issue, please visit the talk page.


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Doctor Almasaro

Doctor Almasaro, or The Jews of Palermo (Yiddish: Doctor Almasaro, oder Die Yiden in Palermo) is a historical, dramatic play in rhymed couplets by Abraham Goldfaden, written some time between 1880 and 1883. The title character's name is also variously rendered as Doctor Almasado, Doctor Almaraso, and Doctor Almasada.

Jacob Adler describes it as being written in "pure, simple Yiddish", avoiding the tendency of many Yiddish historical plays of its time to "Germanize" the Yiddish, especially for Gentile characters, a practice comparable to using many words of Latin origin in one's English. Adler criticizes it for its lack of "strong monologues", "powerful situations", and "dramatic conflict", but describes it as coming, like Shulamith and Bar Kokhba from "Goldfaden's best period", and writes that "under the calm of [the title character's] demeanor lay a grand power, a power he has sworn never to use unless all else failed," and characterizes this role as a model for "what I call the 'Grand Jew', that has given my life in the theater its greatest meaning."

title: Doctor Almasaro


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DJ Icey

DJ Icey, (born Eddie Pappa), is an American DJ, electronic music producer, and remixer, credited by Allmusic as having helped to "jump-start the increasingly fertile dance scene in and around Orlando, FL, during the '90s." E, the Incredibly Strange History of Ecstasy credits him as "the prime founder of the Funky Breaks and the Florida Breaks." 1999's Rave America indicates that "the preoccupation with backbeats" characteristic of the Orlando sound was developed by DJ Icey.

Biography
Icey was born in Florida. Originally named DJ Icee, he had to change his name because a local Orlando ice cream manufacturing company by the same name threatened to sue him. Known for marrying the diverse strands of Chicago Hip house and English break-beat house, he rose to prominence DJing for the now defunct Orlando club "The Edge," a position he held from 1991 to 1996. In 1993, he created his own label, Zone, named in honor of the UK labels O-Zone and D-Zone. In 2000, CMJ New Music Monthly described him as "an expert in funky, sped-up hip-hop", and by 2001, Billboard was listing him along with Crystal Method, DJ Micro and Überzone as "perennial figure[s] in the burgeoning funky breaks underground scene."

DJ Icey released his own music under his name and City Wide Allstars, and also remixed music for Groove Armada, Paul Oakenfold and Kosheen.

Billboard charts
DJ Icey has had several albums chart for Billboard, with six charting singles. The Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales charts have included "This Is How My Drummer Drums" (1998, #21), "Not a Test" (1998, #43), "City of Groove" (1998, #44), and "Dreams" (2003, #16). "This Is How My Drummer Drums" also charted on the Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart (1998, #32), while the Hot Dance Singles Sales chart has included "A Little Louder" (2003, #16) and "And Go!" (2004, #16).

Select discography

 * Break to the Dance (1996)
 * The Funky Breaks (1997)
 * Generate (1998)
 * Continuous Play (1999)
 * Essential Mix (2000)
 * Mixed (2001)
 * Essential Elements-Dj Icey The Breaks Element (2001)
 * Different Day (2003) (#8 on the Top Electronic Albums chart, #41 Top Independent Albums)
 * For the Love of the Beat (2004) (#15 Top Electronic Albums chart)
 * Twisted (2005)
 * Y4K (2006)
 * Disco Rodeo (2007)
 * Offshore Jedi (2008)
 * Amplified (2009)
 * What You Feel (2010)
 * Flash The Message (2011)
 * One Big Room (2012)
 * Trackotron (2013)
 * Take a Little Take a Lot (2015)
 * Ride Mountain Ride (2018)

title: DJ Icey