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Norlane, Victoria

Norlane is a northern suburb of Geelong, in Victoria, Australia. Norlane is bordered in the south by Cowies Creek, in the north by Cox Road, in the west by Thompson Road and in the east by Station Street. It is about 7 km from the Geelong central business district and approximately 70 km from the state capital, Melbourne. It is about one kilometre from the shore of Corio Bay. At the 2016 census, Norlane had a population of 8,306.

History
The suburb of Norlane was named after Norman Lane, a local serviceman from the district, who died working on the Thai-Burma Railway in 1943, after being captured in Singapore.

Norlane post office opened on 17 December 1945 as development of the suburb began. Norlane West post office opened on 13 October 1958.

With the enormous demand for housing in the early 1950s, people resorted to living in small dwellings, tents and partially-completed buildings. The Housing Commission of Victoria provided accommodation for families unable to rent or to afford the purchase of their own home.

In 1947 the government Housing Commission began its house-building program in Norlane, and when its program was completed in 1976, there were 2,464 Commission houses available for low-income renters. Much of the housing was for employees at the nearby Ford Motor Company, International Harvester, Shell, Pilkington Glass, Henderson's Springs and Pivot Phosphate factories.

Workers seeking employment (among them wartime migrants building new lives) flocked to Geelong to take up jobs, and the Victorian Government responded through its Housing Commission, by buying up broad acres north of the Ford plant and building homes by the hundreds. A number of the houses built in Norlane were prefabricated units imported from the Netherlands and France. In a decade, Norlane was transformed from paddocks to busy working class suburbia. By 1960, the urban landscape of streets, roads, crescents, courts and boulevards seen today had extended as far as Corio Village. For Geelong, it was an exciting time.

The suburb contains one site listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, the Ford Motor Company Complex on the Princes Highway (Melbourne Road).

Demographics

In the 2001 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census of Population and Housing, the population of the Norlane census area was 8,628 people, in an area of 5.1 square kilometres. Females outnumbered males, with 4,436 females and 4,192 males as of 2001. Some 24% of the population of Norlane were born outside of Australia. The predominant age group in Norlane is 40 – 49 years.

The three most common forms of dwelling were (in decreasing order): a separate house, a flat or apartment, and a semi-detached house. Residents enjoy generous land parcels, ample backyards with single story weatherboard housing built during the 1960s on 600 to 800 square metres blocks, progressively brick based sud-division buildings and double story dwellings on approximately 300 square metre lots are beginning to become more common, with higher rise especially where views of the peninsula from a higher rise viewpoint are applicable. In August 2010 the median sale price of houses in the area is $184,500 up 15% from the previous year but generally raising by a modest 10% per year on average. 2002 saw a 38.9% growth in real estate value. Given the socio-economic status of the suburb, there is a high demand for rental accommodation in Norlane, with an expected rental return of $180 to $220 per week for a three-bedroom house. In 2018 saw a median 3 bedroom house price rise to approximately $350,000 with 2017-2018 period jumping over 20%. Rental yield is approximately 4% depending on quality of the property. Two bedroom unit saw a jump to $283,000 with rental yield of just over 5%.

A majority of residents of are employed (in decreasing order) in engineering (6.83%), management and commerce (2.2%) and food, hospitality and personal services industries (1.5%).

Norlane has several churches. In 2001, the five strongest religious affiliations in the area were (in descending order): Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox, Presbyterian and Uniting.

Facilities
Affordable housing close to shopping, transport and Geelong's largest employers make Norlane a popular suburb. Norlane's Waterworld boasts 2 25m indoor heated swimming pools, spa, gymnasium, two water slides, diving pool, outdoor children's pools and a splash-pad.. Labuan Square shopping centre opened in 1954. but has since been largely superseded by the Corio Shopping Centre. Labuan Square, and other smaller shopping precincts around Norlane provide residents convenience within walking distance.

There are three nearby boat ramps: Corio Bay Boat Club, Grammar School Lagoon Boat Ramp and St Helens Boat Ramp. There are seven parks covering nearly 9% of the total area, with ovals and facilities for skating and ball games.

Schools
A number of primary schools opened in Norlane between 1955 and 1962, and Norlane High School in 1959. Norlane Primary School in Thrush Street closed in 2004 and became a private Islamic college - Isik College. That closed several years later and the buildings were demolished in 2013. Norlane High School closed in 2012 and was demolished two years later. Primary and secondary students are now catered for by Northern Bay P-12 College, a multi-campus college which was founded in 2011 as a result of a merger of nine former state school (Corio West PS, Norlane High School, Flinders Peak SC, Corio South PS, Norlane West PS, Corio Bay PS, North Shore PS, Rosewall PS, and Corio PS). Other schools include St Thomas Aquinas Primary School and Geelong Kindergarten Association.

Transport

Cars are the most-used method of transport in Norlane, followed by walking and bicycles. The Princes Highway, or Melbourne Road, the main arterial between Melbourne and Geelong, runs through the centre of the suburb, and the Geelong-Bacchus Marsh Road provides access to central Victoria.

North Shore railway station is located at the south-east corner of Norlane, in Station Street, with V/Line trains providing frequent services on the Geelong line to both Melbourne and Geelong.

Census populations

 * 1947 – 347
 * 1971 – 12,098
 * 2001 - 8,616
 * 2001 - 8,945 Norlane and North Shore combined
 * 2006 - 7,935
 * 2006 - 8,254 Norlane and North Shore combined

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Norlane, Victoria


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Hackney pony

The Hackney pony is a breed of pony closely related to the Hackney horse. Originally bred to pull carriages, they are used today primarily as show ponies. The breed does not have its own stud book, but shares one with the Hackney horse in all countries that have an official Hackney Stud Book Registry.

History
The Hackney Pony was originally developed by Christopher Wilson. He used Sir George, a Hackney stallion foaled in 1866, to breed with Fell Pony mares, and then interbred the offspring to make a fixed type of pony. He desired to create not a miniaturized horse, but rather a true pony with such characteristics. Extracting the large trot and other characteristics of the hackney horse and applying them to this true type of pony, he was successful in creating the form which was desired. This is one case of an entire type of breed that is formed in a controlled, private environment. In addition to the mixing of Fell ponies and Hackney horses, the Hackney Pony probably also has much Welsh Pony blood.

First known as Wilson Ponies, they were usually kept out all year, wintering in the inhospitable Fells with little food or care. This developed the breed's great toughness and endurance. By the 1880s the breed was established, and was very much liked for its great trotting ability and class.

The breed was used in Great Britain as carriage horses and were also imported into the United States. They were considered to be very stylish to drive during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when automobiles were still uncommon. After horses were replaced by cars as a primary means of transportation, Hackney ponies, along with many other horse breeds, were deemed unable to contribute to society and declined considerably. After World War II, however, the Hackney pony developed into primarily a show pony, and remain being bred for that purpose today. Thus their drastic decline in numbers and plight toward extinction came to an end, and the breed was popularized once again.

Many Hackney pony breeders today continue to develop a quality, refined pony. In the United States, Hackney ponies have also had considerable influence on the American version of the Shetland pony. They were crossbred with Shetlands to produce the American Shetland show pony of today, a type which displays many of the refined characteristics of the Hackney pony. The Hackney has also influenced the miniature horse, adding refinement and action.

General appearance
The Hackney pony may not be above and usually range between 12 and 14 hh. It should have true pony characteristics, and should not be a scaled down version of the Hackney Horse. The pony should have a small pony head, carried high, with alert and pricked ears and large, intelligent eyes. The neck should be muscular, arched, and carried proudly. Hackney ponies should have powerful shoulders, a compact back, and a light frame. The legs are strong with good joints, but the bone is usually fine. The feet are very hard, and are usually allowed to grow long in the toe to accentuate the action of the pony. The tail is often set and is carried high. They usually have even more exaggerated action than the Hackney horse, knees rising as high as possible and hocks coming right under the body. The action should be fluid, spectacular, and energetic.

Colors
Hackney ponies may be black, bay (which includes brown), or chestnut. Bay is by far the most common color, but black is also relatively common. Chestnuts, on the other hand, are extremely rare; their color is usually particularly light, and chestnut ponies often possess flaxen manes and tails. Many hackneys also have some white markings. Due to the sabino gene, common in the breed, the Hackney Pony may have white markings on its body as well as on its legs and head. The sabino gene (possibly a gene complex), is generally unpredictable, so breeding solely for body white marks can be difficult.

Temperament
The Hackney Pony also has a reputation for being tenacious and fearless, qualities that are seen in top-tier show ponies. They are very brave, alert, and active, and possess great stamina. Generally, they have pony character. Hackneys have a reputation for being friendly toward humans, and are suitable for both show and as companion animals.

Show Types
In the show ring, the Hackney pony is most commonly seen being driven in harness. They are also shown under saddle, usually as road ponies, and in hand as weanlings or yearlings. The Hackney pony division recognizes six categories of harness exhibition: Hackney Pony (cob tail), Harness Pony, Hackney Roadster, Park Pleasure Driving, Show Pleasure Driving, and Country Pleasure Driving. Their world's championship is the Kentucky State Fair World's Championship Horse Show in Louisville, Kentucky, and their national championship is the American Royal in Kansas City, Missouri.

Most classes require both a “Park Trot,” executed in a highly collected manner and then exhibitors are given the command, “Show your pony,” which permits an increase in speed to exhibit each pony to its best advantage. Excessive speed is undesirable and is penalized.

Hackney roadster
Hackney roadsters, or Road ponies, like roadsters, are shown to a two-wheel bike, or sulky. The driver always wears racing silks, usually with their barn represented by the colors of the silks. Road ponies are judged upon their action when trotting, as well as their speed, conformation, and temperament.

In addition to being shown with a bike, road ponies are shown under saddle by junior exhibitors or hooked to a four-wheel wagon. Wagon classes are relatively new but growing in popularity; the World's Championship Horse Show offered a wagon class for the first time in 2006.

Hackney (cobtail) ponies
In the Cobtail pony division, ponies are shown with a tightly braided mane and appear to have a docked tail (though usually created only by trimming the tail short, not actual docking). They are generally taller, for any height of pony is permitted to show in the division as long as it is still a pony, not exceeding 14.2 hands.

Harness ponies
Harness ponies are perhaps the most elegant and beautiful of the hackney ponies. Whereas speed is a major factor among road ponies, harness ponies should be more collected, exhibiting a very animated and airy trot. A Hackney must be smaller to show in the harness pony division, because it is required that the pony be  or under. They are shown to a four-wheel viceroy and possess a full mane and tail. The typical apparel for driving harness ponies is a suit for men, and a dress or other formal wear for women.

Pleasure ponies
There are also three pleasure driving classes for the breed, Park Pleasure, Show Pleasure, and Country Pleasure. There are no height requirements except that the Hackney be a pony, and the pony can have a long or docked tail. Pleasure ponies are shown to a two-wheeled cart, and the driver usually wears more casual dress. They are shown at a road gait, pleasure trot, and flat walk. Temperament is a more primary factor for judges; the pleasure pony should indeed be a pleasure to drive.

Other types
Some Hackney ponies are shown in one or two pairs in harness, though classes which are designated for this are fairly rare.

title: Hackney pony


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Gerald Sibon

Gerald Sibon (born 19 April 1974) is a retired Dutch footballer who played as a forward. He is the current performance coach for A-League club Adelaide United.

Europe
He featured for Twente in the 1993–94 season as a substitute but could only string together three games before deciding to sign for VVV-Venlo of the Eerste Divisie in the following season. After two successful seasons playing for VVV where he scored 34 goals, he joined Roda JC in 1996 and impressed with 13 goals back in the top-flight, and also scored as Roda JC won the 1997 KNVB Cup Final.

Sibon moved to Ajax in 1997 but was frustrated and hampered by a lack of first team action, having been relegated to the bench by the likes of Wamberto, Shota Arveladze, Georgi Kinkladze and crowd favourite Brian Laudrup. An offer by English Premiership club Sheffield Wednesday prompted Sibon to transfer to the Yorkshire club in 1999 for the price of £2 million. Joining him at Sheffield Wednesday were Dutch international Wim Jonk and the Belgian Gilles De Bilde.

After spending four seasons with Sheffield Wednesday, where he scored 43 goals overall for the club and was the club's highest goal scorer for three consecutive seasons, also winning two consecutive player of the year awards, he decided to return to the Eredivisie and joined Heerenveen in January 2003. He featured for Heerenveen in 38 matches and scored 19 goals in two seasons, before signing for PSV in 2004. He won the Dutch Eredivise title in 2004–05, contending with Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink and Robert for a first team spot. In July 2006, he joined Bundesliga side Nürnberg on a free transfer. He left the club one year later, signing a two-year contract with his old team Heerenveen.

Australia
Sibon left the Netherlands in May 2010, when he signed with Australian A-League club Melbourne Heart for their inaugural season, coached by fellow Dutchman John van 't Schip. He quickly cemented his position in the starting line-up, playing mainly in a playmaker role, but still managing to show his skills as a striker by scoring seven goals, Melbourne Heart's second top-scorer for the season. He became a fan favourite for his often-dangerous free-kicks, including a goal from a stunning 20-metre curling free kick, during the second ever Melbourne Derby.

In the week before the Heart's final game of the season, Sibon announced he would not be continuing his career with the club. He was told he would not be offered a contract renewal, likely to his disappointment, after having stated earlier in the month that he wanted to spend another year in Melbourne.

Back to Europe
On 27 June 2011, it was announced Sibon had signed with his former team Heerenveen thus beginning his third stint at the club. The final match of his career was the May 2012 defeat by Feyenoord, which curiously sealed Europa League football for Heerenveen.

International career
In the summer of 2008, Sibon was named in the Netherlands squad for the Beijing Olympics. He scored a 93rd-minute equaliser in the 2–2 draw against the United States and the winning penalty in the 73rd minute against Japan. This placed him amongst 18 players who scored two goals or more in the tournament.

Honours
Roda JC
 * KNVB Cup: 1996–97

Ajax
 * Eredivisie: 1997–98
 * KNVB Cup: 1997–98, 1998–99

PSV Eindhoven
 * Eredivisie: 2004–05, 2005–06
 * KNVB Cup: 2004–05

1. FC Nürnberg
 * DFB-Pokal: 2006–07

Heerenveen
 * KNVB Cup: 2008–09

title: Gerald Sibon


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The Landmark (Hong Kong)

Landmark is a commercial complex owned by Hongkong Land in Central, Hong Kong. It consists of three office towers: Gloucester Tower, Edinburgh Tower and York House. Its retail podium, Landmark Atrium, forms the core component of the LANDMARK shopping mall.

The Landmark Mandarin Oriental Hotel is in the lower floors of Edinburgh Tower, directly linked to the retail floors of Landmark Atrium.

History
It is partly built on the site of the former Hong Kong Hotel, which was in its day the best known hotel on Hong Kong Island. In the 1970s, Hongkong Land started the development of the Landmark under its Central Redevelopment Scheme. The first phase of the project was completed in the late 1970s and the whole project was completed in 1983.

When the development was completed in 1983, the development consisted of a series of levels of shops surrounding a large central atrium with two office towers on top, known as Edinburgh Tower and Gloucester Tower respectively, and an annex building, known as the Landmark East.

In 2003, Part of Edinburgh Tower was converted into The Landmark Mandarin Oriental Hotel, a boutique hotel.

Recent development
In 2002, Hongkong Land announced a 1 billion dollar plan - The Landmark Scheme - to renovate The Landmark. The whole scheme included extending the existing shopping atrium to 3/F and 4/F of the building, introducing a department store Harvey Nichols and a hotel The Landmark Mandarin Oriental Hotel, and the redevelopment of The Landmark East into a new 14-floor office tower named York House. The scheme was completed in October 2006 with the opening of York House. To expand and upgrade the Landmark's retail offerings, architects Aedas and Kohn Pedersen Fox carved out areas in the existing retail atrium for several two-story flagship stores and added two new retail floors. A wall of folded glass panels envelopes the retail podium.

In early 2012, Hongkong Land launched a new brand "LANDMARK" for its retail portfolio in Central, covering its four interconnected shopping arcades at The Landmark, Alexandra House, Chater House and Prince's Building. The retail complex of the Landmark was subsequently branded as LANDMARK ATRIUM. At the same time, The Landmark (the complex) itself was renamed as Landmark.

Notable tenants
Landmark is home to many leading law firms and barristers' chambers:

 * Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Affiliates (42/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * Han Kun Law Offices (39/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * Goodwin Procter (38/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP (32/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Jones Day (31/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * Squire Patton Boggs (29/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * Kirkland & Ellis LLP (26/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Herbert Smith Freehills (23/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Withers LLP (20/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP (18/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (19/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * DLA Piper (17/F Edinburgh Tower)
 * King & Wood Mallesons (13/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Shearman & Sterling LLP (12/F Gloucester Tower)
 * Nord Anglia Education (18/F Edinburgh Tower)

title: The Landmark (Hong Kong)


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Abu Bakar Abdul Jamal

Abu Bakar bin Abdul Jamal was the tenth Chief and the first four-star Admiral of the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN).

Abu Bakar served for nearly 40 years in the RMN and held various positions and ranks. He was commanding officer of several RMN ship including patrol ship, destroyers (missile) and corvettes. Between 1981 and 1984, bu Bakar was made senior officer for the Corvette Project Team in Kiel, Germany. He later held the position of Assistant Chief of Navy (Human Resource) and Deputy Chief of Navy in 1996. Admiral Abu Bakar became the Chief of Navy on 15 October 1998 and was elevated to the rank of admiral on 1 June 2000. He retired in 2002.

Besides the various Malaysian awards and medals, Abu Bakar was also awarded the Bintang Jalasena Utama by Indonesia and the Legion of Merit (degree of commander) by the United States of America.

Early life
He was born on 13 November 1946 in Johor, Malaysia and received his early education at the Royal Military College in Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur. Abu Bakar joined the naval service in 1965 and commenced training as a cadet at the Britannia Royal Naval College, United Kingdom. Abu Bakar was trained in weapons engineering at HMS Excellent School of Weapons Engineering, United Kingdom. He was also trained in Training Technology by the Royal Australian Navy. Abu Bakar is also a graduate of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, United Kingdom and the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, where he studied Defence Management. He went on to enrol in a fellowship programme at the Wolfson College, Cambridge and later studied at the Royal College of Defence Studies, United Kingdom.

Family
Abu Bakar is married to Kamariyah binti Buang and they have three children.

Honours

 * 🇲🇾 Malaysia :
 * MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_(Defender_of_the_Realm)_-_SMN.svg Member of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (A.M.N.) (1977)
 * Kesatria Mangku Negara.png Officer of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (K.M.N.) (1982)
 * MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_(Defender_of_the_Realm)_-_SMN.svg Companion of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (J.M.N.) (1996)
 * Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia - PSM.svg Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (P.S.M.) – Tan Sri (2001)
 * Pahang
 * MY-PAH_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Pahang_-_Knight_Companion_-_DIMP.svg Knight Companion of the Order of the Crown of Pahang (D.I.M.P.) – Dato' (1991)
 * Perak
 * MY-PERA_Order_of_Taming_Sari_-_lower_classes.svg Knight Commander of the Order of Taming Sari (D.P.T.S.) – Dato' Pahlawan (1997)
 * MY-PERA_Order_of_Taming_Sari_-_SPTS.svg Knight Grand Commander of the Order of Taming Sari (S.P.T.S.) – Dato' Seri Panglima (1999)
 * Malaysian Armed Forces :
 * Courageous Commander of the Most Gallant Order of Military Service (P.G.A.T.) (1999)
 * Johor :
 * Most_Honourable_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor_-_ribbon_bar.png Knight Commander of the Order of the Crown of Johor (D.P.M.J.) – Dato' (1998)
 * Most_Honourable_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor_-_ribbon_bar.png Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Crown of Johor (S.P.M.J.) – Dato' (2000)

Foreign honour

 * 🇺🇸 United States :
 * US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png Commander of the Legion of Merit (LOM)
 * 🇹🇭 Thailand :
 * Order of the Crown of Thailand - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Thailand (PM)

title: Abu Bakar Abdul Jamal


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Arch (disambiguation)

An arch is a curved structure capable of spanning a space while supporting significant weight.

Arch, Arches, or The Arch may also refer to:

 * Arches of the foot
 * Arch (fingerprint), a basic pattern
 * Natural arch, a rock formation shaped like an arch

Geography

 * Arch Islands, Falkland Islands
 * Arch, Switzerland, a municipality in the canton of Bern
 * Arch Creek (Montana), United States
 * Arch 22, a commemorative arch in The Gambia
 * Arch Street (Philadelphia), Pennsylvania, United States
 * Arches, Cantal, a commune of the Cantal département, France
 * Arches, Vosges, a commune of the Vosges département, France
 * Arches National Park, Utah, United States
 * Arches Cluster, a massive, young cluster of stars

People

 * Arch (name), a list of people with the given name or surname
 * Desmond Tutu (1931–2021), South African archbishop, nicknamed "The Arch"
 * E. L. Arch, a pen name of American novelist Rachel Cosgrove Payes (1922–1998)
 * John Arch, American singer John Maurice Archambault (born 1959)

Arts, entertainment, and media

 * Arches (Lerdahl) (2011), composition by Fred Lerdahl
 * Arch (sculpture), in Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin
 * ARCH+, a German magazine for architecture, urbanism and design
 * The Arch (nightclub), a nightclub in Brighton, England
 * The Arch, a theatre space in Holden Street Theatres, Adelaide, Australia
 * The Arch (film), a 1968 Hong Kong drama film
 * WARH, an FM radio station serving the St. Louis, Missouri, branded "106.5 The Arch"

Science and technology

 * Arch, the protein archaerhodopsin-3, a light-driven proton pump used for research in optogenetics, a technology for controlling brain activity using light
 * Arch Linux, a Linux distribution that emphasizes simplicity
 * GNU arch, in software, a source code management tool
 * RetroArch, a free and open source emulator for a wide variety of games.
 * Branchial arches, a series of bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gill

Ships

 * SS Arches, original name of the SS English Trader
 * USS Arch, original name of the Soviet minesweeper T-117

Structures

 * Gateway Arch, an iconic monument in St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
 * The Arch (Hong Kong), a residential skyscraper in Kowloon, Hong Kong
 * The Arch, a structure at the north entrance to the University of Georgia which symbolizes the university
 * The Arch, name for the renovated Archbold Stadium at Syracuse University

ARCH

 * Action on Rights for Children, a nonprofit children's rights organisation in the U.K.
 * ARCH Air Medical Service (Area Rescue Consortium of Hospitals), providing critical care air ambulance service in Missouri, Illinois, and the surrounding regions
 * Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, a time series regression model of the standard deviation (volatility) of a financial time series

Other uses

 * Arch (horse), an American Thoroughbred racehorse
 * Arch Coal, an American coal mining and processing company
 * Inverted breve, a diacritic sign
 * arch-, a taxonomic affix

title: Arch (disambiguation)


text:
Sarcocornia

Sarcocornia is a formerly recognized genus of flowering plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Species are known commonly as samphires, glassworts, or saltworts. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that when separated from Salicornia, the genus is paraphyletic, since Salicornia is embedded within it, and Sarcocornia has now been merged into a more broadly circumscribed Salicornia. When separated from Salicornia, the genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, and is most diverse in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa.

Description
Species formerly placed in Sarcocornia are perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs. They are taking an erect or prostrate, creeping form. The new stems are fleshy and divided into joint-like segments. Older stems are woody and not segmented. The oppositely arranged leaves are borne on fleshy, knobby petioles, their base decurrent and connate (thus forming the segments), the blades forming small, triangular tips with narrow scarious margin. The terminal or lateral inflorescences are spike-like, made up of joint-like segments with tiny paired cymes emerging from the joints. Each cyme consists of three (rarely five) flowers completely embedded between the bract and immersed in the fleshy tissue of the axis. The flowers of a cyme are arranged in a transverse row, the central flower separating the lateral flowers, with tissue of the axis between them. The hermaphrodite or unisexual flowers are more or less radially symmetric, with a perianth of three or four fleshy tepals connate nearly to the apex, one or two stamens, and an ovary with two or three stigmas.

The perianth is persistent in fruit. The fruit wall (pericarp) is membranous. The vertical seed is ellipsoid, with light brown, membranous, hairy seed coat, the hairs can be strongly curved, hooked, or conic, straight or slightly curved. The seed contains no perisperm (feeding tissue).

The basic chromosome number is x=9. The species are diploid (18 chromosomes), tetraploid (36), hexaploid (54), or octoploid (72).

Taxonomy
The genus Sarcocornia was first described in 1978 by A J Scott. It separated the perennial species from the closely related annual Salicornia senus stricto, additionally containing some species formerly belonging to the former genus Arthrocnemum. The type species is Sarcocornia perennis.

Sarcocornia/Salicornia began to evolve during the middle Miocene from ancestors in Eurasia, developing four phylogenetic lineages: the first was the Eurasian Sarcocornia clade, further diversifying into the American Sarcocornia clade, then the Salicornia clade, and the South African/Australian Sarcocornia clade. When Salicornia is separated from Sarcocornia to comprise all the annual, more frost tolerant species, the genus Sarcocornia is paraphyletic, since Salicornia evolved within Sarcocornia. The prostrate, mat-forming growth seems to have evolved several times independently. It is probably advantageous in habitats with prolonged flooding, high tidal movement and frost.

A molecular phylogenetic study in 2017 confirmed the paraphyly of Sarcocornia, and merged the genus into Salicornia.

Selected former species
Accepted names in Salicornia are taken from Plants of the World Online.
 * Sarcocornia alpini (Lag.) Rivas-Martınez = Salicornia alpini
 * Sarcocornia ambigua (Michx.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo = Salicornia ambigua
 * Sarcocornia andina (Phil.) Freitag, M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo = Salicornia andina
 * Sarcocornia blackiana (Ulbr.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia blackiana
 * Sarcocornia capensis (Moss) A.J.Scott = Salicornia capensis
 * Sarcocornia carinata (Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez Mata) Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez Mata = Salicornia alpini subsp. carinata
 * Sarcocornia decumbens (Tölken) A.J.Scott = Salicornia decumbens
 * Sarcocornia decussata S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit = Salicornia decussata
 * Sarcocornia dunensis (Moss) S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit = Salicornia dunensis
 * Sarcocornia freitagii S. Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit = Salicornia helmutii
 * Sarcocornia fruticosa (L.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia fruticosa
 * Sarcocornia globosa P.G. Wilson = Salicornia globosa
 * Sarcocornia hispanica Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez-Mata = Salicornia hispanica
 * Sarcocornia lagascae Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez Mata = Salicornia lagascae
 * Sarcocornia littorea (Moss) A.J.Scott = Salicornia littorea
 * Sarcocornia magellanica (Phil.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo = Salicornia magellanica
 * Sarcocornia mossambicensis Brenan = Salicornia mossambicensis
 * Sarcocornia mossiana (Tölken) A.J.Scott = Salicornia mossiana
 * Sarcocornia natalensis (Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia natalensis
 * Sarcocornia neei (Lag.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo = Salicornia neei
 * Sarcocornia obclavata Yaprak = Salicornia obclavata
 * Sarcocornia pacifica (Standl.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia pacifica
 * Sarcocornia perennis (Miller) A.J.Scott = Salicornia perennis
 * Sarcocornia pillansii (Moss) A.J.Scott = Salicornia pillansii
 * Sarcocornia pruinosa Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez-Mata = Salicornia pruinosa
 * Sarcocornia pulvinata (R.E.Fr.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia pulvinata
 * Sarcocornia quinqueflora (Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) A.J. Scott = Salicornia quinqueflora
 * Sarcocornia tegetaria S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit = Salicornia tegetaria
 * Sarcocornia terminalis (Tölken) A.J.Scott = Salicornia terminalis
 * Sarcocornia utahensis (Tidestr.) A.J.Scott = Salicornia utahensis
 * Sarcocornia xerophila (Tölken) A.J.Scott = Salicornia xerophila

title: Sarcocornia


text: User talk:68.63.89.159

title: User talk:68.63.89.159


text: User talk:65.31.45.238

title: User talk:65.31.45.238


text:
Talk:Philippi

Translated from French

 * Article: fr:Philippes
 * Corresponding English-language article: Philippi
 * Worth doing because: Much more extensive and up to date (by a century!) than English-language article. The French-language article will soon be a featured article. _R_ 20:47, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Originally Requested by: _R_ 20:47, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Status: I've started to work on this. Adam Bishop 02:02, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Other notes: Finished, but other people more competent than me should look it over for style, etc. Adam Bishop 03:46, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC) I did the called-for cleanup: not a lot of it needed. Thanks Adam. -- Jmabel | Talk 05:11, Feb 12, 2005 (UTC)

Pictures
Very nice with the massivly updated page. If you want any more pictures to illustrate with I have a bunch here and a panoramic Peter Nelson 08:58, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Corroboration needed for Biblical account
The following account of Biblical events appears to presented in the article as historic fact:

 * In AD 49 or 50, the city was visited by the apostle Paul who was said to have been guided there by a vision (Acts 16:9-10).
 * Accompanied by Silas, Timothy and possibly Luke, the author of the Acts of the Apostles, he preached for the first time on European soil in Philippi (Acts 16:12-40) and baptized Lydia, a purple dye merchant, in a river to the west of the city.
 * While in Philippi, his exorcism of a demon from a slave girl caused a great uproar in the city, which led to their (Paul and Silas) arrest and public beating (Acts 16:16-24).
 * An earthquake caused their prison to be opened. When the jailer awoke, he prepared to kill himself, thinking all the prisoners had escaped and knowing that he would be severely punished. Paul stopped him, indicating that all the prisoners were in fact still there. The jailer then became one of the first Christians in Europe (Acts 16:25-40).

Is there any independent and contemporaneous evidence of these events? Specifically, is there independent corroborating evidence that an actual demon was exorcised from a slave girl, that an earthquake opened the prison, and that the jailer was preparing to commit suicide up until Paul's intervention? I have no objection to including this information in the article as a Biblical account, but if it is not corroborated by other sources, it could just as well be taken as a mere parable. Cheers! bd2412 T 17:33, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

 * All the books of the bible were independent volumes at one time. This is like taking the works of Millard Fillmore into one book and then asking if there is any independent verification of the existence of Fillmore. No. They are all (today) in this one book. The process of canonization of each of these books took a long time and were examined by a lot of people.
 * Some of the material is kind of "self-proving." You don't report stupid things you've done in a totally self-serving volume. But nearly all the books of the bible contain stupidities of their authors or subject. Paul, for example, quarreled with his associate, leading them to part ways. He was beaten, spat-on, castigated, vilified and imprisoned. Not the stuff of super-heroes! :)
 * I don't know about the earthquake. Not all of these can be independently verified. Having said that, why would they lie about this after all the other stuff? While I would not allow that in a non-biblical account, there seems no reason to disbelieve it here.
 * While I am unenthused about their reporting of demon-possession, it can been seen as "cured" on television (ugh!) at various times. Believe it or don't. And if there, why not 2000 years ago? Again, so what? This is not the parting of the waters or anything. The "account" is the account. It is biblical history. It was clearly not that important to Philippians or they would have all converted at once. Instead they beat Paul! If I were writing it about my accomplishments, I would say how much the Philippians appreciated me; how they loved me! This seems as close to npov as we can get in a single source document. Student7 (talk) 17:56, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * We don't cite the talking donkey in the Bible in Donkey as evidence that some donkeys can speak, and we don't cite ancient Greek accounts as evidence that Zeus actually hurled lightning bolts from Mount Olympus. The biblical account could just be a rumor, or a parable not intended to be taken literally, or something made up to suit the authors. We need an additional source uninfluenced by the biblical account to support the contentions that an exorcism (real or fake) ever occurred, or that such an earthquake ever occurred. An earthquake forceful enough to break open the jail is a significant enough event to have been recorded in some neutral media, had it actually happened. bd2412  T 18:16, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I would like to point out that we have the same problem with Herodotus. He summarizes world history conveniently pointing to Greek emergence onto the world stage. It is essentially a pr thing. It is, nevertheless, the only account we often have of the ancient world. Paul was arguably the most famous person ever to claim to visit Phillipi. There are 2 billion followers today who subscribe, more or less, to this account. While details of the earthquake and casting out devils are unessential to this article, certainly a reference to everything that the Bible claims for whatever perverted reason, should be here. A link or a pointer. "Acts claims he worked a miracle here and escaped from prison after an earthquake." However terse and offhand with all sorts of disclaimers, it should be here. We do no less for Mohammed who, in what unbelievers might term as a vivid dream, went to Jerusalem. See Isra and Mi'raj for example. I'm not looking for that sort of detail. Skipping over it seems like WP:CENSORship IMO.
 * As far as I know, there are not two witnesses to anything, outside the four Gospels, to much of anything except monumental events, Caesar's assassination, Black Death, to much of anything before 1000 CE. Bede stands alone, for example. We have to parse/mine poems about Beowolf, Theseus, the Iliad, etc to find out much of anything from the ancient world. We would like a "second account" for the Siege of Troy but we are unlikely to get one! Does that mean it is all false? All the academics thought so until Schliemann, a consummate amateur, proved them wrong. While this can't be totally solved through imaginative excavation, I think the major points should not be totally omitted. Student7 (talk) 22:34, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * It is in the article. It is just not treated as a neutral record of history. bd2412  T 01:45, 11 March 2011 (UTC)
 * This is a very good point. What we know of ancient history is built on rags and tatters. When it comes to more sensitive topics, i.e. religion, it is very easy to become fired up one way or another. Specifically when things recorded include subjects such as miracles, scientific testing cannot be applied in the same way. Hence the miracle part, it cannot be backed up by empirical data. Ultimately, this will come down to ones worldview. Take it or leave it, you decide. For an example, take the passage in Acts 16 about the demon processed slave girl. A Christian will be more likely to see what the Bible says and believe it. In contrast, an Atheist will look at the same passage, and come to drastically different conclusions. For one, if someone doesn't believe in demons, then someone casting out demons is opposing to their belief structure. 67.4.236.82 (talk) 02:34, 12 July 2023 (UTC)
 * When I see references to accepted historical evidence, I sometimes wonder, "How do we know all these guys weren't quoting some no longer extant crackpot?" If you use social media, you have probably seen repeated postings of something that "everybody knows" which is actually complete nonsense.  I would say leave it in if it seems important but don’t present it as fact.  伟思礼 (talk) 16:03, 8 September 2023 (UTC)

Intro paragraph
Mentions that it was once called Crenides and has been abandoned. And states location relative to an island more than fifty kilometers away. This seems slightly misleading, since the location is actually at the edge of a currently existing city Krinides. 伟思礼 (talk) 16:10, 8 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Philippi


text: User talk:67.164.210.100

title: User talk:67.164.210.100


text: User talk:81.155.159.251

title: User talk:81.155.159.251


text:
Genworth Financial

Genworth Financial, headquartered in Richmond, Virginia, provides life insurance, long-term care insurance, mortgage insurance, and annuities.

History
The firm was founded as The Life Insurance Company of Virginia in 1871, in Petersburg, Virginia. Within a decade, the company expanded beyond the south and moved its headquarters to Richmond.

Beginning with its first annuities business written in 1928, the company grew to offer products for mortgage insurance, lifestyle protection, and long-term care insurance.

In 1986, Life of Virginia was acquired by Combined Insurance for $557 million.

It became Aon in 1987. In 1996, Life of Virginia was acquired by GE Capital.

The company was incorporated as Genworth Financial, Inc. on October 23, 2003.

In May 2004, it became a public company via an initial public offering.

GE sold its remaining stake in the company in February 2006 for $2.8 billion.

In June 2006, the company agreed to buy AssetMark Investment Services for $230 million.

In 2007, another GE Capital insurance company, First Colony Life Insurance Company, merged with the company's life insurance division and became the surviving entity.

In May 2007, the company sold its employee benefits business to Sun Life Financial.

In July 2007, the company acquired Liberty Reverse Mortgage, a reverse mortgage company, for $50 million. It sold the company to Ocwen for $22 million in April 2013.

In September 2007, the company sold its wealth management unit to private equity firms Aquiline Capital Partners and Genstar Capital Management for $412.5 million.

In June 2009, Genworth MI Canada, its Canadian mortgage insurance subsidiary, completed an initial public offering on the Toronto Stock Exchange, raising $850 million.

In June 2011, the company sold Continental Life Insurance, which provided Medigap insurance policies, to Aetna for $290 million.

In September 2012, the company sold Genworth Financial Investment Services, its financial adviser unit, to Cetera Financial Group.

In December 2012, Thomas McInerney was named CEO of the company.

On April 1, 2013, Genworth announced the completion of a legal entity reorganization, creating a new holding company and separating the U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries.

In December 2015, the company sold Genworth Lifestyle Protection Insurance to Axa for €465 million.

In January 2016, Protective Life acquired parts of the company for $661 million.

In February 2016, the company suspended sales of annuities and life insurance, putting the existing books of business into runoff.

In June 2016, the company sold its term life insurance platform to Pacific Life.

In October 2016, China Oceanwide Holdings Group agreed to buy the company for $2.7 billion. However, in April 2021, Genworth terminated the acquisition due to China Oceanwide's inability to close the acquisition.

In May 2020, the company's Australian mortgage insurance division, now called Helia, lost its contract with National Australia Bank.

In October 2020, Genworth MI Canada was renamed to Sagen MI Canada. In April 2021, Brookfield Business Partners acquired all of the outstanding common shares of Sagen that it did not already own.

In September 2021, the company completed the initial public offering of Enact Holdings, its private mortgage insurance subsidiary.

Shareholder lawsuits
In March 2016, the company settled shareholder lawsuits for $219 million. The lawsuit alleged that Genworth and its management made false statements between October 30, 2013 and November 5, 2014 as the company had assured investors that the reserves it had set aside to cover long-term care claims were adequate. However the company had to take a $531 million charge to shore up its long-term care business, leading to a substantial drop in the price of Genworth's securities.

Life insurance premium increases
In October 2022, the company paid $25 million to policyholders to settle a class action lawsuit alleging that premium increases of 40% to 140% were excessive and unlawful.

MOVEit hack
On 6 June, 2023, third-party vendor to Genworth, PBI Research Services, reported a vulnerability with their MOVEit Transfer software. The vulnerability resulted in a Russian-linked extortion group, named 'C|0p', gaining unlawful access to private data. Whilst PBI Research Services did report the vunlnerability, the company was criticised for not revealing the scope of the hack sooner. The software is used to track deaths of its member organisations so that payments can be issued to the relevant beneficiaries. Whilst a number of state and federal organisations were affected by the hack, between 2.5-2.7 million customers of Genworth Financial had their private data downloaded; including first and last name, date of birth and social security number. On the 22 June, 2023, Genworth filed a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding the data breach.

title: Genworth Financial


text: User talk:4.63.201.156

title: User talk:4.63.201.156


text: Template:Appleton, Wisconsin

title: Template:Appleton, Wisconsin


text:
User talk:Wbkelley

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! - BanyanTree 05:21, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
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Invitation
Looking at your edit history, I wonder if you're interested in WikiProject LGBT studies? If you are interested, come on by and sign up! :) -- SatyrTN (talk / contribs) 16:24, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

Plagarism
Please read the plagiarism guideline.

There is a lot of text in Wikiepdia copied from sources that are copyright expired or Licence compatible sources (see Category:Attribution templates), these include American and British Government sources, indeed I suspect that Wikipedia had a large influence on the British Government protect fronted by the UK National Archives (see Open Government Licence). Also Wikiepdia has whole projects dedicated to copying information from PD sources. See for example WP:WP DNB and WP:EB1911. There are currently about 7,500 articles in the Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of National Biography and and about 12,000 Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.

If you think that articles such as Richard Williams (alias Cromwell)are using archaic language then you are free to copy edit it and bring it up to date. When I created the article I did so expecting people to do that. But I felt that it was better to have the biography in existence and in a form that is both easily accessible and editable than having a stub or no article at all. -- PBS (talk) 17:05, 13 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wbkelley


text:
Hong Kong Club Building

The Hong Kong Club Building is a 25-story office building located in between Chater Road and Connaught Road Central at the junction of Jackson Road, in Central, Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Club Building is currently in its third generation, in its second location. It is owned by the Hong Kong Club, which occupies 8 levels, while the other floors are leased for office use.

The Hong Kong Club Building, in its second incarnation, was one of the last examples of renaissance architecture remaining in Hong Kong. The building was completed in 1897, and demolished in June 1981. It was replaced by the current modern building.

First generation
Founded in 1846, the Club's first premises were located along Queen's Road Central, from the corner of Wyndham Street to the corner of D'Aguilar Street.

The three-storey building was designed in a classic style. The cost of construction and furniture of £15,000 was raised through an issue of £100 shares.

A chronicle article from 1847 said: It is a handsome three-storey building and with the out offices covers nearly the third of an acre of ground..."

The interior arrangements are very elegant and reflect great credit on the architect (Mr. S. Strachan) for whose design for the building a premium was awarded.... The entrance hall and grand staircase in the centre supported on fluted columns with capitals in the Corinthian order has a very noble effect...

In 1897, the club moved to more spacious accommodation next to the war memorial, on a sea-front plot of land created by the Central Praya reclamation. The existing building was sold to A. S. Watson & Company, who initially rented it out to the short-lived New club, a club for master mariners. The plot of the first generation Club Building is now occupied by the Entertainment Building.

Second generation
On 16 February 1895, the Club was granted a 999-year lease on the site under which it had very few restrictions. Rent of $324 was paid annually to the Government. The club building was designed by Palmer & Turner, and was completed in July 1897.

The club held a referendum in around 1974, when the members voted to retain the building and not to redevelop. In 1977 and again in 1978, a demolition plan was rejected by members. The club committee became increasingly alarmist with arguments to redevelop, including the assertion in 1978 that the building was a fire safety hazard; that, in November 1979, it made inflated claims that it would cost HK$25 million to renovate, and eventually won the day.

In 1981, architects who designed the building but who lodged an application to demolish it were quoted as saying that the existing building was old, traditional and would fall to pieces if leaned on heavily. A spokesman said it would "come down like a pack of cards".

Preservation campaign
To update the club facilities, the members had opted to have the building renovated at a cost of HK$20 million. However, the parlous state of the club's finances tempted the club to explore options to redevelop the valuable site. In 1977, it was reportedly offered HK$200 million for the site by Wardley, part of the Hong Kong Bank.

In around 1978, a campaign at all levels was mounted to save the 82-year-old building.

The Heritage Society also mounted a campaign to stop the demolition of the building. The building was declared a monument by the Antiquities Advisory Board late in 1980. A petition was sent to the Executive Council. On 16 September 1980, the Executive Council decided not to endorse the AAB's recommendation that the Club building be preserved as a monument, citing "unjustified cost to the community" – the cost to taxpayers would be HK$500 million. The decision was denounced by conservationists as being influenced by "powerful vested interests" and against public opinion The Hong Kong Conservancy Association also appealed to the then Governor Murray MacLehose not to undervalue its cultural importance and not to allow the decision to be taken purely on economic grounds. "If even the Government appears to value nothing but money, Hong Kong's youth cannot be expected to have higher standards," said Dr. L. K. Ding, HKCA chairman.

The General Committee of the club was called to task by members, who contested its decision to sign a deal with developers knock down the building and redevelop the site before members had a chance to debate the issue. An EGM was convened to vote on the proposals on 20 October 1980, and the chairman was forced to concede the Heads of Agreement would be subject to members' ratification. Members voted overwhelmingly to proceed with redevelopment.

Hongkong Land was the appointed developer. The club occupied the 25th to 27th floors of World-Wide House during redevelopment. The Victorian building was demolished in June 1981.

Third generation
The knocked-down building was replaced with a 21-storey building designed by Austrian-born Australian architect Harry Seidler, that was unveiled to the members in December 1980. Hongkong Land agreed to shoulder all demolition and rebuilding costs in exchange for the rental income of the upper storeys for 25 years. 80000 sqft of the new building was to be occupied by the Club – the four podium floors in the new tower would be kept as dining rooms and bars for the members – while the 17 upper floors would be leased for normal office use.

From 2009, the Club took full ownership of the building and to collect all rental revenues, estimated to be HK$100 million a year. A refurbishment took place in 2011, including the Club taking back the sixth floor and converting it into a fitness center, and taking back the retail premises on the north side of the building. More recently, the retail space in the south-east corner of the building were taken back and were converted into a Members’ cafe which opened in mid-2021.

The building no longer has any retail space on the ground floor. Floors 7 to 21 are leased to a variety of companies, law firms and other organizations.

Lease
In September 2021, Legislative Council member Paul Tse questioned the 999 year lease of the building for use with only 1500 elite members, asking "given that the HKC building occupies a site in the heart of Central at a low government rent, and that its members are the rich or noble with the general public not being able to enjoy its facilities, whether the Government has assessed if such a situation is outdated and not in the public interest".

title: Hong Kong Club Building


text:
Santiago Iglesias

Santiago Iglesias Pantín (February 22, 1872 – December 5, 1939), was a Spanish-born Puerto Rican socialist and trade union activist. Iglesias is best remembered as a leading supporter of statehood for Puerto Rico, and as the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico in the U.S. Congress from 1933 to 1939.

Early years
Santiago Iglesias was born in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain, where he attended the common schools, and was apprenticed as a cabinet maker. At a young age, he stowed away on a ship that landed in Cuba. There, he organized workers and, beginning in 1889, was secretary of the Workingmen Trades Circle in Havana.

Iglesias subsequently moved to Puerto Rico, and was the founder and editor of three labor papers:

 * Porvenir Social (from 1898 to 1900)
 * Union Obrera (from 1903 to 1906)
 * Justicia (from 1914 to 1925)

He was a very active labor organizer in Puerto Rico and was often arrested and jailed for his activities. He was considered American Federation of Labor (AFL) president Samuel Gompers's ally on the island. In fact, Gompers appointed him general organizer of the American Federation of Labor for the districts of Puerto Rico and Cuba in 1901.

In 1915, he founded the Puerto Rico's Socialist Party, a pro-alliance, pro-labor party (not to be confused with the avowedly Marxist and pro-independence Puerto Rican Socialist Party founded in the 1970s). His Socialist Party, unlike its namesake, did elect its candidates to elective office during many elections.

He also served as secretary of the Pan-American Federation of Labor from 1925 to 1933. In 1936, he was wounded during an assassination attempt by Puerto Rican Nationalist Party partisans.

After losing a race in 1908 against Tulio Larrínaga for Puerto Rico's non-voting delegate seat in the United States Congress, Iglesias was elected as a Coalitionist Resident Commissioner on November 8, 1932, and was reelected in 1936 for the term ending January 3, 1941. He served in the 73rd, 74th, 75th, and 76th Congresses, from March 4, 1933, until his death.

Member of the Senate of Puerto Rico
Iglesias served as a member of the first Senate of Puerto Rico in 1917, and reelected several times, until his election to Congress in 1932.

He pushed for many social reforms, many of which did become law, either as part of the PDP's reform agenda in the 1940s or as part of the Constitution of Puerto Rico in 1952.

Resident Commissioner in the U.S. House of Representatives
Iglesias unsuccessfully pushed for legislation to enable Puerto Ricans to elect their own Governor, a concept that did not become law until 1947.

He was able to have Puerto Rico included in many New Deal assistance programs, including road construction, the Bankhead-Jones Act that enabled agricultural experimentation, the fight against malaria and the Jones Act exclusion regarding the taxation of shipping between Puerto Rico and other U.S. ports.

In Congress, he served on the Insular Affairs, Agriculture, and Labor committees.

Personal life

Married to Justa Pastora Bocanegra in 1902, he had eight daughters, named America, Liberty, Equality, Justice, Peace, Light, Fraternity and Victoria, and three sons, including the late U.S. Navy career military officer and fighter airplane pilot Captain Edward Iglesias, elected in 2004 into The Early and Pioneer Naval Aviators, better known as the Golden Eagles limited to the top 200 living members at a time, and the late Manuel Francisco Iglesias, distinguished Air Force Captain and Lead Crew Radar Office of the B-29s during World War 2 both awarded Distinguished Flying Cross medals.

Death and legacy
Iglesias died in office in Washington, D.C., on December 5, 1939, and his body was returned home to Puerto Rico, where it lay in state at the Capitol. Some 200,000 people were said to have filed past the casket and 50,000 are said to have gridlocked the streets of Old San Juan during his funeral.

Iglesias's body was interred in a tomb at Santa Maria Magdalena de Pazzis Cemetery in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Early in 1943, a Liberty Ship was named for him.

title: Santiago Iglesias


text:
User talk:King of Hearts/Archive/1

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! - BanyanTree 05:25, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
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Please change my username to User:Tony Jin. -- Tony Jin 03:01, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:King of Hearts/Archive/1


text:
Scud: The Disposable Assassin

Scud: The Disposable Assassin (published from 1994 to 1998, and 2008) is a humorous, hyperkinetic science fiction comic by Rob Schrab about a world in which one can buy robot assassins out of vending machines, the most popular of which are intelligent robots that kill a specified target and then self-destruct.

The protagonist of the series is Scud, an average Heart Breaker Series 1373 model assassin. On his first mission, he is sent to kill Jeff, a rampaging female mutant with mousetraps for hands, an electrical plug for a head, and a squid strapped to her torso with a belt.

Plot
In this future, it is possible to obtain robot assassins out of vending machines at the cost of 3 Franks. After terminating their target, the robot self-destructs for easy clean-up. During his first mission, the Scud we follow sees his self-destruct warning in a mirror during an 18-page fight scene. Programmed for self-preservation for the sake of winning fights, Scud doesn't want to die, so only wounds Jeff bad enough to be put on life support at a nearby hospital, ensuring their mutual survival.

The main plot of Scud: The Disposable Assassin follows Scud's career as a freelance mercenary and assassin, working to pay off Jeff's medical bills.

Issue #20
With issue #20, the series went on indefinite hiatus with a cliffhanger. Schrab was growing dissatisfied with the direction the story was taking, and stepped back from the book rather than allowing things to worsen. At the same time his career in Hollywood began to pick up, so he shifted focus further away from the book. Since then Scud's publisher, Fireman Press, was dissolved after a falling out between Rob Schrab and a business partner over rights.

Four-issue series finale
On January 3, 2007, Schrab announced on his blog his plans to finish Scud in four parts, Issues 21–24, at which point he would release an omnibus of all 24 issues. Podcasts posted to Schrab's site gave his state of mind during the process, opportunities he is passing up to finish the book, and a view of the process he uses to create a comic page. Regarding the decision to conclude the series with 4 issues, Rob Schrab told fans that "he just couldn't make this another issue. I want Scud to go out with a bang."

The final installment of Scud was released as a four-part mini-series published by Image Comics, with covers by guest artists.

 * #21 – Ashley Wood (February 2008) "Return of the Over–Used Muse"
 * Rob Schrab (March 2008) – WonderCon Exclusive Variant of Issue 21
 * Jack Gray (April 2008) – Second Print of Issue 21
 * #22 – Jim Mahfood (March 2008) "Challenge of the Over-Used Muse"
 * Dan Hipp (April 2008) – Second Print of Issue 22
 * #23 – David Hartman (April 2008) "Retaliation of the Over-Used Muse"
 * #24 – Doug Tennapel (May 2008) "Death of the Over-Used Muse"

An oversized, one-volume edition of Scud entitled Scud The Disposable Assassin: The Whole Shebang! was released August 6, 2008. In addition to issues 1–24, it contains "Drywall: Unzipped" and Black Octopus: Sexy Genius.

Rob Schrab has stated that he currently has no plans for further issues of Scud Spin-offs – Scud: Tales from the Vending Machine and The Drywall & Oswald Show.

In a closing interview conducted by Doug TenNapel at the end of Issue #24, Rob stated that he would like to see La Cosa Nostroid concluded, but that it would be up to Dan Harmon who helmed the series.

Main characters

 * Scud – The robotic protagonist. One of a series of mass-produced android assassins, Scud will self-destruct if his original mission is completed, and sometimes refers to himself as a cowboy.
 * Sussudio – A freelance bounty hunter hired to bring Scud in after he bails on an assassination assignment and goes rogue. Eventually, she reveals that she is a closet robosexual, and has fallen in love with Scud. Her full name is Sussudio "Suzy" Gritt, daughter of movie star Hank Gritt, having acted as the international jewel thief known as the "Black Octopus" as a teenager.
 * Drywall – Scud's bizarre young sidekick whose body contains an unlimited amount of storage space, which holds everything from weapons to furniture. His speech can only be understood by beings without souls (such as Scud). In issue 21 it is revealed he learned how to speak English during Scud's absence. In issue 22, he is absorbed into System, rescuing his other brother Mess.
 * Voodoo Ben Franklin – One of the principal villains, Voodoo Ben is the famous founding father, hellbent on controlling the world of organized crime. Ben commands an army of zombie people and dinosaurs, in addition to the forces of Hell later in the series, after Ben becomes a pawn of System, the Lord of Hell, and Drywall's younger brother.
 * Jeff – Scud's very first assignment, a piecemeal monster with a plug for a head, mousetraps for hands, a squid strapped to her chest, and a mouth on each knee. All of her lines of dialogue are ripped from pop culture sources. She has demonstrated the ability to assimilate animal parts and mechanical devices for use as weapons. If she dies, Scud will self-destruct. Later in the series, it is revealed that Jeff is the last of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, since Scud accidentally killed off the other three before they could hatch in the first issue of the series.

Supporting characters

 * Oswald – A previous Scud model who had his self-destruct module removed. Oswald has been known to help out Scud from time to time. He is modelled after a rabbit, and can use his ears as weapons. Schrab said Oswald was a nod to Jaxxon, the Green Bunny character in the Star Wars Comics of the eighties. In issue 21, he dies trying to break into Voodoo Ben's lair.
 * Tony Tastey – Scud's first client as a freelancer, who eventually becomes the leader of the Cortese family cyborg mafia, which stars in the spin-off La Cosa Nostroid series.
 * System – Brother of Drywall and supreme ruler of Hell, System was created along with his brothers to be the ultimate collection agent for Hell, harvesting as many treasures for Lucifer as humanly possible. However, System went rogue, deciding that the entire universe needed categorization, and has since been working to collect everything in existence and bring about the apocalypse.
 * Mess – The first prototype stuff collector built for Lucifer. Mess resembles a walking collection of wooden filing cabinets. Mess uses magnets and suction cups to pick up stuff, but since not all stuff can be manipulated with these tools, his abilities are limited. He is also unable to categorize any of the stuff he collects. His boxy construction also makes him slow and clumsy. Due to these limitations, Mess was considered a failure. He was collected into System, along with his creator and Lucifer, in Drywall: Unzipped.
 * Captain Jack Jones – When first introduced in the series, Jones was running a prison colony in the middle of a remote desert. This colony set the stage for Scud's first successful assassination attempt, during which he managed not only to decimate the prison personnel, but would later destroy the entire base by crashing an airship into the cliff on which it was based. Jones would later be hired by the mysterious Spidergod to use his remaining forces to track down Scud.
 * Spidergod (a.k.a. Marvin) – The owner and manager of Marvin's Manikins, he is the one to take out the assassination order on Jeff in the first place. Later, he hires military forces in order to capture Scud, and later, Jeff, in an attempt to hold them hostage in order to bargain his way out of being sent to hell. Most recently, he was bankrupted by his war with Voodoo Ben, during which he also lost his legs.
 * Horse – A trans-dimensional being that resembles a large children's rocking horse, Horse arrives to whisk Scud and Sussudio away from the battle between Voodoo Ben and Captain Jack Jones, seconds before the two are about to be annihilated. Horse transports the two around seemingly at random, appearing and disappearing at various times without any real given explanation, though Scud offers a few of his own. It is assumed that while the Eggs the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are used as the means to travel from Heaven to Earth, Horse is the way to move from Earth to Heaven, though this is never stated outright.
 * Hank Gritt – The deceased movie-star father of Sussudio. His likeness can be seen throughout the series on various commercial products. He is also venerated by members of the Grittites cult. Hank's ethereal form appears during the four-issue finale of Scud, where he aids Scud and Drywall in their attack on Heaven.
 * Hershell – An employee of Marvin's Manikins, who bought Scud from the vending machine and supplied him with the original mission.

Spinoffs
Several comic book series were published by Fireman Press, all of which take place inside the Scud universe. These include:
 * La Cosa Nostroid – Chronicles the rise and fall of Tony Tastey as he takes over the cyborg mafia. As he eliminates his enemies, he becomes increasingly paranoid and starts to kill off his allies and friends. Ended on a cliffhanger note. 9 issues released. The creative team includes Ed Clayton.
 * Drywall: Unzipped – The origin of Scud's multi-zippered sidekick (one-shot).
 * The Drywall and Oswald Show – The continued adventures of Drywall and Oswald. 2 issues released.
 * Scud: Tales from the Vending Machine – An anthology of sorts, with each issue about a different Scud model. Each issue is created by a different creative team, including artists such as Trent Kaniuga (Creed), Jim Mahfood (Clerks), and Doug TenNapel (creator of Earthworm Jim). 5 issues released.

Collections
Scud: The Disposable Assassin has been collected in trade paperback form. These include:
 * Heavy 3PO – reprints #1–4
 * Programmed for Damage – reprints #5–9
 * Solid Gold Bomb – reprints #10–15
 * The Yellow Horseman – reprints #16–20
 * Scud The Disposable Assassin: The Whole Shebang! – reprints issues #1–24 and includes the one-shots Drywall: Unzipped and Black Octopus: Sexy Genius

Merchandise
Scud: The Disposable Assassin inspired two video games, Scud: The Disposable Assassin (1997) for Sega Saturn and Scud: Industrial Evolution (1997) for PC. Both received mixed reviews.

A 6" Scud action figure was announced in 2006 as a part of Shocker Toys' Indie Spotlight line.  The addition of the figure to the toy line was cited by Schrab as one of his motivations for wanting to finish issue #21 in his first video blog. The figure (with a variant Sol robot) was eventually released in 2009.

Proposed adaptations
There have been two attempts to adapt Scud into a film and TV show. A live-action feature film was optioned by producer Oliver Stone, but the option lapsed in the early 2000s. The second attempt was to adapt Scud into a TV series for MTV. It got as far as casting before being cancelled in 2004.

In popular culture
In the Hey Arnold! episode "Dangerous Lumber", Helga refers to Arnold as "Scud" and later calls him "Arnold the assassin".

In the annual Homestar Runner animated Halloween special for 2008, the characters Pom-Pom and The Cheat dressed up as Scud and Drywall, respectively.

A copy of Scud: The Disposable Assassin #1 appears in the "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" episode of the American television comedy series Community, created by series writer Dan Harmon. Scud himself was additionally seen in the background of the courtroom scene in "G.I. Jeff", an episode of Community that was based on G.I. Joe that was directed by Schrab.

In an episode of Cracked.com's After Hours series, Michael Swaim is dressed as Scud. Swaim himself often declared being a fan of Scud and all the Schrab oeuvre.

The second episode of The Real Animated Adventures of Doc and Mharti, a short series developed by Justin Roiland which served as the prototype that inspired Rick and Morty, features Scud the Disposable Assassin and depicts an animated copy of Scud: The Disposable Assassin #1. The episode also references Rob Schrab's hiatus between Issue #20 and the four-issue series finale.

Justin Roiland and Dan Harmon, the creators of Rick and Morty, stated at Stan Lee's L.A. Comic Con: Comikaze (2016) that reoccurring character Mr. Meeseeks was "ripped off" from Scud.

title: Scud: The Disposable Assassin


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Salicornioideae

The Salicornioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae (sensu lato, including the Chenopodiaceae). Important characters are succulent, often articulated stems, strongly reduced leaves, and flowers aggregated in thick, dense spike-shaped thyrses. These halophytic plants are distributed worldwide. Many are edible (see Samphire)

Description
The Salicornioideae are annual or perennial herbs, subshrubs, or low shrubs. Their stems are glabrous and often apparently jointed. The alternate or opposite leaves are fleshy, glabrous, often basally connate and stem-clasping (thus forming the joints), with missing or short free leaf blades.

The spike-shaped inflorescences consist of alternate or opposite bracts, these are often connate and stem-clasping, sometimes free. In the axil of each bract, there are one to five (rarely to twelve) flowers, free or sometimes fused to each other, to the bract, and to the inflorescence axis. The flowers are usually bisexual (the lateral flowers may be unisexual). The 2-5-lobed perianth consists of two to five connate tepals. There are one or two stamens and an ovary with mostly two stigmas.

In fruiting phase, the perianth remains membranous or becomes spongy, crustaceous, or horny. The fruit wall (pericarp) may be membranous, fleshy, chartaceous, crustaceous, woody, or horny. The seed is disc-shaped, lenticular, ovoid or wedge-shaped. Its surface may be smooth, papillose, reticulate, tuberculate or longitudinally ribbed. The embryo is curved, half-annular or horseshoe-shaped, rarely only slightly curved. In most genera, the seed contains copious perisperm, but a feeding tissue is missing in Salicornia.

Photosynthesis pathway
The majority of the Salicornieae species are C3-plants. There is only one species that has developed C4-photosynthesis, Tecticornia indica (syn. Halosarcia indica).

Distribution and evolution
Plants from the Salicornioideae are found around the world. All are halophytes, growing in coastal or inland saline habitats.

The Salicornioideae originated in Eurasia about 38-28 million years ago, during the Late Eocene/Early Oligocene, and radiated rapidly into its major lineages. Kalidium, the Halocnemum/Halostachys-lineage, Halopeplis, and the Allenrolfea/Heterostachys-lineage were branching off early. Later developed the Arthrocnemum/Microcnemum-lineage, the Halosarcia-lineage (with Halosarcia, Pachycornia, Tecticornia, Sclerostegia, Tegicornia), and the Salicornia/Sarcocornia-lineage. Already in the Middle Miocene, about 19-14 million years ago, all major lineages were present.

Systematics
The taxon was first published in 1849 by Alfred Moquin-Tandon as a tribe Salicornieae within the family Chenopodiaceae. In 1934, Oskar Eberhard Ulbrich raised the taxon to subfamily level and named it Salicornioideae (in: A. Engler & K. Prantl (eds.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 2, Vol. 16c).

The family Chenopodiaceae is now included in Amaranthaceae s.l.

Phylogenetic research supports the monophyly of the subfamily. According to Kadereit et al. (2006) and Piirainen et al. (2017), it comprises just one tribe, the Salicornieae. Traditionally two tribes had been distinguished, Halopeplideae and Salicornieae, but these are not monophyletic.

 * Tribus Salicornieae: with 12 genera and over 100 species:
 * Allenrolfea Kuntze, with 3 species in North and South America.
 * Arthrocaulon Piirainen & G.Kadereit (formerly part of Arthrocnemum)
 * Arthroceras Piirainen & G.Kadereit (formerly part of Arthrocnemum)
 * Halocnemum M.Bieb., with 2 species, from Southern Europe and North Africa to Asia.
 * Halopeplis Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb., with 3 species, from the Mediterranean basin and North Africa to Southwest Asia and Central Asia.
 * Halostachys C.A.Mey. ex Schrenk, with only one species:
 * Halostachys belangeriana in Central and Southwest Asia and southeastern Europe
 * Heterostachys Ung.-Sternb. : with 2 species in Central and South America
 * Kalidium Moq. (Syn.: Kalidiopsis Aellen ): with 6 species in Central and Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe
 * Mangleticornia P. W. Ball, G. Kadereit and X. Cornejo, with one species:
 * Mangleticornia ecuadorensis in Equatorial-Pacific mangroves of South America.
 * Microcnemum Ung.-Sternb., with only one species:
 * Microcnemum coralloides in Spain, Turkey, Armenia, and northwestern Iran
 * Salicornia L., with over 50 species worldwide when Sarcocornia is included, especially in the Northern Hemisphere
 * Tecticornia Hook f. (inclusive Halosarcia Paul G.Wilson, Pachycornia Hook. f. , Sclerostegia Paul G.Wilson , Tegicornia Paul G.Wilson ), with about 44 species, in Australia, and along tropical coasts of the Indian Ocean to eastern and western tropical Africa.

Sarcocornia A.J.Scott, with about 30 species worldwide, is now sunk into Salicornia.

title: Salicornioideae


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Category:Unfinished symphonies

Symphonies that were never completed by their original composer: see unfinished symphony.

title: Category:Unfinished symphonies


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Along Came a Spider (novel)

Along Came a Spider is a crime thriller novel, and the first novel in James Patterson's series about forensic psychologist Alex Cross. First published in 1993, its success has led to twenty-six sequels as of 2021.

It was adapted into a film of the same name in 2001, starring Morgan Freeman as Cross.

Plot
Alex Cross, a psychologist and police detective, is called to a crime scene where a mother, her daughter, and her toddler son were murdered. As Alex and his partner, John Sampson, explore the crime scene, Alex gets a call from his boss, Chief of Detectives Pittman, demanding that Alex and John join a new investigation into two kidnapped children. Alex and John arrive at the children’s school to discover not only fellow officers from the Washington, DC, police department, but the Secret Service and the FBI. Annoyed that more attention is being devoted to this high-profile case than to the Sanders family murders in the poor neighborhood of Washington Southeast, Alex arrives at the crime scene with the intention of getting out of the investigation. However, the mayor insists Alex take the case.

Alex works closely with the hostage-rescue team, which includes Secret Service supervisor Jezzie Flanagan. Within days, the body of one of the child victims, Michael Goldberg, is found by a river in Maryland. Not long afterward, the hostage-rescue team receives a ransom demand from the kidnapper. The team rushes to Florida to investigate the business where the demand originated from. While there, they receive another demand and decide to follow the instructions in the hopes of saving the other child victim, Maggie Rose Dunne.

Alex is chosen by the kidnapper to deliver the ransom at Disney World. As Alex walks through the park, he is approached by a man he suspects is not the kidnapper. Still, the man knows about the ransom demand and is able to convince Alex to leave the park with him. Alex and the man board a private plane and eventually end up at a private airport in South Carolina. As the man leaves the plane with the ransom, Alex frees himself from the armrest he is handcuffed to and chases the man off the plane, only to be hit on the head by an unseen person. By the time Alex’s backup arrives, the ransom is gone, and Maggie remains missing.

Alex is blamed by the press for the loss of ransom. Alex and John are removed from the case but given promotions. They return their attention to the Sanders family murders. Alex has begun a relationship with Jezzie Flanagan, the Secret Service supervisor, despite his grandmother’s warnings. Unable to let go of the kidnapping case, Alex continues to investigate on his own. Eventually, a teacher from the child victims’ school is found murdered in the same manner as the Sanders women, and Maggie’s shoe is left at the crime scene. Alex and John find a witness who places a Delaware door-to-door salesman in the area.

The hostage-rescue team swarms the home of Gary Murphy, a door-to-door salesman, husband, and father of one. However, Gary saw them coming and is able to escape. Several days later, Gary walks into a McDonald’s in Pennsylvania, kills a man, and takes the other diners hostage. Alex arrives with John and is able to talk Gary out of the restaurant. Gary is arrested and taken to a Virginia prison where Alex visits him. The suspect claims to have a dissociative identity disorder, and Alex convinces those in charge to allow him to hypnotize Gary in order to determine if he is telling the truth. Under hypnosis, Gary appears to become his alter, Gary Soneji, and lashes out at Alex.

Gary is put on trial for the kidnappings and the murder of Michael Goldberg. The defense attorney calls Alex to the stand in the hopes of convincing the jury of Gary’s split personality; Alex is allowed to hypnotize Gary in the courtroom. Alex does, and Gary appears to remember things Gary Soneji did, including the idea that someone took Maggie from the farm where Gary Soneji hid her. Shortly after, Gary is found guilty of kidnapping and murder. In prison, Gary seemingly becomes Gary Soneji. Alex speaks with Gary Soneji and learns details about the kidnapping, including his continued insistence that Maggie was taken without his knowledge. Gary Soneji insists he was being watched before the kidnappings, including the night he murdered the Sanders, supporting an eyewitness statement. He suggests these watchers were cops. Shortly after, Gary Soneji escapes prison with the help of a prison guard.

Alex connects Gary Soneji’s story of being watched to the Secret Service agents assigned to Michael Goldberg and goes to the FBI with his theory. The FBI confirms Alex’s suspicions and believes that Jezzie Flanagan, the Secret Service supervisor, was involved due to her sexual relationship with one of the agents. Alex is devastated by the news but agrees to help get the proof needed to arrest those involved

Cross takes Flannagan on a Caribbean getaway, and confronts her about her actions. She explains that Devine and Chakely noticed Soneji driving by the Goldberg house, and followed him. The ransom was her idea, and they removed Maggie Rose after Michael died accidentally. Flannagan is arrested based on a recording Sampson made of the conversation, and Maggie Rose is found with a native Bolivian family near the Andes Mountains, where she had been living for the past two years.

Alex returns home and is attacked by Gary Soneji in the middle of the night. He fights Gary Soneji off and chases him out of the house. In a matter of hours, the police corner Gary Soneji near the White House. As Alex attempts to coax Gary Soneji out, John shoots Gary Soneji, who is then returned to prison. Not long after, Alex attends Jezzie’s execution by lethal injection. Soneji writes a last taunting letter to Cross and bribes a guard to leave it on Cross' windshield. Disturbed but unwilling to let Soneji disrupt his life any further, Cross returns home to spend time with his family.

Characters
Alex Cross: An African-American forensic psychologist as well as a detective, described as good-looking and well-built. He is often referred to as "Doctor Detective". Despite being very dedicated to his job, he manages to be a devoted father to his two children. His wife, Maria, was killed in a shooting before the novel begins and he is romantically involved with Jezzie Flannagan before he finds out her role in Maggie Rose's disappearance.

Jezzie Flannagan: Before the kidnapping of Maggie Rose and Michael Goldberg, she held an esteemed position in the Secret Service—the first woman ever to hold the position. She is described as very beautiful, though she confides in Alex that she wishes she'd been born plain so she wouldn't have to face as much sexism in her workplace. As a white woman romantically involved with Alex (an African-American man), she faces racism, though she handles it better than Alex does. Both her parents were alcoholics, and her father committed suicide. She names them as "smart failures", or brilliant people who never made anything of their lives. When Alex confronts her about her betrayal, she admits that she approached him at first strictly to get information on what the cops knew, but that she later fell in love with him and his children.

Gary Murphy/Soneji: As a boy, he was physically and sexually abused by his father and stepmother, which caused him to develop a split personality. Gary Murphy is a normal, all-American father and husband, while Gary Soneji is a cold-blooded predator who fantasizes about kidnapping and burying a baby alive at twelve and orchestrates the kidnapping of Maggie Rose and Michael Goldberg. He has an obsession with being famous, and wants to be the most feared criminal in America.

Film
A film adaptation of the same name was released on April 6, 2001, starring Morgan Freeman as Alex Cross, Monica Potter as Jezzie Flannagan, and Michael Wincott as Gary Soneji. The adaptation makes substantial changes to the plot, omitting much of Soneji's background and his split personality, as well as changing the identity of the kidnapped children's parents and many characters' eventual fate.

title: Along Came a Spider (novel)


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Rockaway Avenue station (IRT New Lots Line)

The Rockaway Avenue station is a station on the IRT New Lots Line of the New York City Subway, located at Rockaway Avenue and Livonia Avenue in Brownsville, Brooklyn. It is served by the 3 train at all times except late nights, when the 4 train takes over service. During rush hours, occasional 2, 4 and 5 trains also stop here.

History
The New Lots Line was built as a part of Contract 3 of the Dual Contracts between New York City and the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, including this station. It was built as an elevated line because the ground in this area is right above the water table, and as a result the construction of a subway would have been prohibitively expensive. The first portion of the line between Utica Avenue and Junius Street, including this station, opened on November 22, 1920, with shuttle trains operating over this route. The line was completed to New Lots Avenue on October 16, 1922, with a two-car train running on the northbound track. On October 31, 1924, through service to New Lots Avenue was begun.

The New York City Board of Transportation announced plans in November 1949 to extend platforms at several IRT stations, including Rockaway Avenue, to accommodate all doors on ten-car trains. Although ten-car trains already operated on the line, the rear car could not open its doors at the station because the platforms were so short. Funding for the platform extensions was included in the city's 1950 capital budget.

From April 20, 2015 to March 28, 2016, Rockaway Avenue and Van Siclen Avenue were closed for renovations.

Station layout
This station has two side platforms and two tracks. Between the two tracks, there is space for an additional third track that was never installed.

Exits
This station's only exit is via a wooden mezzanine under the tracks. The mezzanine has a crossunder and metal canopies. Outside fare control, stairs go to the northwest and southeast corners of Livonia and Rockaway Avenues.


text: Talk:Sealeo

title: Talk:Sealeo


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Carl Denham

Carl Denham is a fictional character in the films King Kong and The Son of Kong (both released in 1933), as well as in the 2005 remake of King Kong, and a 2004 illustrated novel titled Kong: King of Skull Island. The role was played by Robert Armstrong in the 1933 films and by Jack Black in the 2005 remake. In The Mighty Kong, he was voiced by Dudley Moore. Denham's function in the story is to initiate the action by bringing the characters to Skull Island, where they encounter the giant beast Kong. Denham then brings Kong to New York City to put him on display as entertainment, but he escapes and rampages through the city. The less faithful 1976 remake has an analogue character named Fred Wilson, portrayed by Charles Grodin.

Characterization
The original Denham was based on Merian C. Cooper, creator of King Kong; both were brave men of action who made names for themselves filming nature footage in the most dangerous of territories. In some ways, Denham's travels in King Kong match the move that Cooper made when he shifted from documentary filming to narrative storytelling. While bold and willing to take risks, the original Denham is honest, putting his people in danger but never asking more of them than he does of himself. In The Son of Kong, he shows great remorse for what he has done and sorrow at the loss of Kong.

2005 remake
In the 2005 remake, Denham is much less sympathetic and more devious; characterized as a con artist willing to lie, steal, and cheat to get his film made, whatever the harm this causes anyone else. He cares for people only in so much as they are of use to him, and has no respect for human (or any other kind of) life. He buys the starving Ann a meal only because he wants her for his film. After vowing to donate the proceeds of the film to the family of a colleague killed by Skull Island natives, Denham repeats the same eulogy for his cameraman Herb, killed later on by a Venatosaurus because Denham cared more for the camera's safety than Herb's.

Incarnations
Both incarnations of Denham are prepared to face all odds to make their films, going as far as to travel to the undiscovered Skull Island just to film on location, and showing absurd bravery in getting the footage they need in the face of extreme danger. In the 1933 version, Denham usually handles the camera himself, explaining that other cameramen cannot film large animals, as they are too frightened of being attacked. Similarly, in the 2005 version, he confidently films a herd of Brontosaurus while his lead actor panics.

1933 films
As a film director, Denham had had some success, but he had always been told his films would be even more profitable if he had a woman present in the film. For that reason, he tries to get an actress to accompany him on his next documentary, but no agent will send him anyone due to the risks involved. Even his usual agent Weston could not supply him with anyone. Eventually, he discovers Ann Darrow on the streets. She is at first concerned about Denham's advances, but Denham reassures her that the job will involve no "funny business".

Denham had obtained a map of Skull Island and opted to produce his next film there. He had heard of the legend of the god or spirit Kong and set out to make a film about it, believing the legend must have some basis in fact. He is, however, very secretive of the nature of the film and their destination, keeping it from his crew until the ship is well on its way to Skull Island. During the voyage, Denham sees Jack Driscoll become tender towards Ann and suggests a love interest for the film’s theme, remarking, "Some big hard-boiled egg gets a look at a pretty face and bang - he cracks up and goes sappy".

Upon reaching the island, Denham attempted to establish peaceful relations with the natives, learning the native word for "friend". He was not particularly successful in this attempt. After the natives captured Ann and delivered her to Kong, Denham accompanied Driscoll and other crew members in a rescue mission. While searching, Denham and his team encountered various dinosaurs, with Denham being the first man to recognize the beasts for what they were. After surviving various attacks, Denham decided to switch his plan from producing a film to capturing Kong and sailing him to New York City. Denham expected this to be a very profitable idea.

After Kong escaped and rampaged through New York City, the creature kidnapped Ann once again but was killed by aeroplanes. Upon observing the creature's corpse, Denham famously rejected a policeman’s remarks that the planes had killed him, "Oh no, it wasn't the aeroplanes. It was beauty killed the Beast".

The aftermath of the Kong debacle was not good for Denham. He was bombarded with lawsuits to such a degree that within a month he was almost bankrupt. Eventually, he is approached by Captain Englehorn, his old friend who had captained the ship that originally went to Skull Island. He, too, is having financial difficulties and they decide to skip town together and start fresh somewhere else.

After travelling around a while, they come to an island where Denham discovers a beautiful young woman, named Hilda Petersen, singing for the locals. While he is instantly attracted to Hilda, he soon has a new purpose, as he gets word from a man named Nils Hellstrom (the same man who provided him with the map of Skull Island) that there was treasure on the island. Hellstrom is lying in an attempt to get away after having caused the death of Hilda's father, but Denham and Englehorn believe him and set out to return to Skull Island.

Following a mutiny, Denham, Hilda, Englehorn, Hellstrom and Charlie the Chinese cook find themselves on the island, where the natives are (obviously) none too happy to see them and drive them away. Landing on a different part of the island, Denham discovers another giant ape (much smaller this time), who appears to be Kong's son. Denham and Hilda befriend the ape, who helps them through several difficulties.

Eventually, Denham does find treasure on the island, but also realizes that it is sinking into the ocean. A desperate escape is made, but "Little Kong" is drowned while rescuing Denham. It was Denham's intention to split the fortune four ways (Denham, Hilda, Englehorn and Charlie), but Hilda convinces him that three ways is just fine, indicating that she is throwing her fortunes in with Denham for the long haul.

2005 remake
In the 2005 film, Denham is a two-bit film director on the verge of bankruptcy and treated with derision by every studio in New York, despite having delivered to them some stunning natural wildlife footage. He and his devoted assistant, Preston, frantically searched for an actress to cast in his new project, eventually discovering Ann Darrow. Just as in the original, she first believes Denham is searching for a prostitute, but Denham convinces her the job will involve no "funny business".

Denham had obtained a map of Skull Island and opted to produce his next film there. This means abandoning plans to film on set, which had lost him his studio's backing. They decide to take what footage he has and sell it as stock footage to other studios. This drives Denham to steal the equipment necessary to make it to the island. However, he has misinformed his crew that they were heading to Singapore, and only admits the truth to screenwriter Jack Driscoll, who is still working on the screenplay as they set off.

Upon reaching the island, Denham unsuccessfully attempts to establish peaceful relations with the natives by giving a native child a candy bar. The natives attack, killing two crew members and driving Denham and the crew back to the ship. That night, Ann is captured by the natives and delivered to Kong. Upon returning to the island, Denham is the first of the crew, besides Ann, to see Kong. Denham, Driscoll, and other crew members set off on a rescue mission. He films the first dinosaur attack on camera and films the death of a crew member in the swamp in the extended cut (though this was by accident: he was running the camera to see if it still worked, and the last crewman out of the swamp happened to be killed in its line-of-sight). He survives the attack by a Ferrucutus in the extended cut (in which no one dies, but during which some are injured), the manic Brontosaurus stampede, the swamp journey of the extended cut, and the log chasm and insect pit, during which time he loses all of the footage he had been making, causing a brief period of berserker-like fury as he lashes out at the attacking bugs, this being what keeps him alive. After surviving the insect pit, Denham decides to switch his plan from producing a film to capturing Kong and sailing him to New York City after his camera is destroyed in the incident with Kong and the log. He persuades Englehorn to use the remaining chloroform to capture Kong, reminding him that they capture live animals. He expects to make a fortune showing off Kong, and makes conflicting promises to crew on how he will divide it.

Kong eventually escapes and rampages through New York City, captures Ann and is eventually killed by aeroplanes. Upon reaching Kong's body, Denham hears a bystander commenting the aeroplanes got him. He takes one last look at Kong and says, "It wasn't the aeroplanes. It was Beauty killed the Beast".

The World of Kong: A Natural History of Skull Island, published the same year, elaborates that Denham escapes lawsuits by blaming Kong's rampage on the company that made the chrome steel chains which failed to contain him. Denham returns to Skull Island to lead a scientific expedition in 1935, along with seven successive expeditions for the next decade, escaping before the island is finally swallowed up by the sea.

Kong: King of Skull Island
Authorized by the Merian C. Cooper estate, Kong: King of Skull Island is a prequel/sequel novel to D.W. Lovelace's novelization of the 1933 movie and ignores the existence of the film The Son of Kong (the novel had slipped into the public domain decades earlier, but the films had not). The story features Skull Island still in existence in 1957 and adds Denham having a wife and a son, whom he was forced to abandon to escape the Kong-related lawsuits and criminal charges. The novel's central character is Denham's son, Vincent, and Carl himself is in the story only at the beginning and near the end. The novel adds some detail to Denham's life, such as his year of birth (1896).

Carl Denham's Giant Monsters
In Frank J. Dello Stritto's 2019 novel, Carl Denham's Giant Monsters, an aged Denham is living in seclusion on Kotok, a small island in Indonesia. Two tourists stumble on him, and over the next two years, Denham relates his life story before, during and after Kong. As a young man, among his adventures are travelling the Amazon with Professor Challenger, and Theodore Roosevelt, and working as a newspaper reporter covering the Scopes Monkey Trial. After Kong, he was forced into hiding to evade US jurisdiction but did travel with Carl Maia and his team to the Amazon's Black Lagoon, and to the Himalayas with Tom Friend and John Rollason in search of the Yeti. The tale ends with him embarking on one last adventure.

Casting
In his review of the 2005 remake, film critic Roger Ebert remarked that Armstrong's performance was reminiscent of filmmaker Cecil B. DeMille, while Jack Black was reminiscent of Orson Welles. Ebert also noted that Black was criticized by other critics for being "not precisely hero material", but Ebert defended that casting decision, saying Denham was a director who did not need "big muscles".

title: Carl Denham