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Andrei Kanchelskis

Andrei Antanasovich Kanchelskis (Андрій Антанасович Канчельскіс; Андрей Антанасович Канчельскис; born 23 January 1969) is a professional football manager and former player. He currently manages Kyrgyz Premier League side FC Muras United. During his playing career he won two Premier League titles, the FA Cup, the Football League Cup, two FA Charity Shields and the European Super Cup with Manchester United, before going on to win the Scottish Premier League, Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup twice each with Glasgow Rangers.

Kanchelskis began his career with his hometown team Zirka Kropyvnytskyi in 1986, before transferring to Dynamo Kyiv in the Soviet Top League, and later to rivals Shakhtar Donetsk. He then moved abroad, signing for English club Manchester United, where he helped the team win their first league championship in 26 years. He moved to Everton in 1995 where he spent 18 months, before transferring to Italian club Fiorentina for a record fee for a Soviet-born player. Following an injury-marred spell in Italy, Kanchelskis moved to Scottish club Rangers, where he won a domestic treble in his first season. After falling out of favour, his career became nomadic, playing for Manchester City and Southampton in England, and Saudi club Al Hilal, before playing in Russia for the first time for Saturn Ramenskoye and Krylia Sovetov, where he played his last games before retiring in 2007. Kanchelskis is the only player to have scored in each of the Manchester, Merseyside, and Old Firm derbies.

After his playing career had finished, Kanchelskis became the general director of Nosta Novotroitsk in 2008, before moving into club management in 2010, managing Torpedo-ZIL Moscow and Ufa in Russia, and then Latvian team Jūrmala in 2014 for three months. In 2016, Kanchelskis returned to management with Solyaris Moscow, and between 2018 and 2020, he had two spells in charge of Navbahor Namangan in Uzbekistan.

Internationally, Kanchelskis represented three different teams. He first played for the Soviet Union in 1989, and scored the nations' last ever goal before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. During 1992, he played for the CIS, a brief association of former Soviet republics, who he represented at UEFA Euro 1992. Following the tournament, he elected to represent Russia rather than Ukraine, the country of his birth. After boycotting the team for the 1994 FIFA World Cup, he returned and played for Russia during Euro 1996, and won his last cap in 1998. Overall, Kanchelskis was capped 59 times, scoring seven goals. In his youth career for the Soviet Union U21 team, he won the European U21 Championship in 1990.

Early life and career in the Soviet Union
Kanchelskis was born in Kirovohrad in the Soviet Union's Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic to a Lithuanian father, Antanas, and a Ukrainian mother. Kanchelskis started his career with hometown team Zirka Kropyvnytskyi, known at the time as Zirka Kirovograd. In 1988, he was called up to the army, and had the choice of two teams to transfer to - Dynamo Kyiv and Dnipro. Choosing Dynamo, he received a salary of 250 rubles per month, and described his time in the army as a "good school of life". At Dynamo, Kanchelskis was coached by the legendary Valeriy Lobanovskyi, who he believes is the best manager he played for. Lobanovskyi favoured a 4–4–2 formation, a system which focussed on getting the ball to the flanks and crossing into the penalty box, which Kanchelskis describes as an "English style of play". Kanchelskis had decided to become a winger having seen Brazilian Jairzinho playing in his youth.

His first goal for Dynamo came on 4 November 1988 at the Republican Stadium, scoring the equalising goal against Dynamo Moscow in a 2–1 victory. Kanchelskis eventually decided to leave Dynamo due to lack of game time, causing upset to his mentor Lobanovskyi, who he admired and respected greatly. He then transferred to Shakhtar Donetsk in 1990, where his salary was increased to 700 rubles per week.

Moving to England with Manchester United

Kanchelskis signed for Manchester United in a £650,000 deal on 26 March 1991, with United manager Alex Ferguson describing it as a "justifiable risk". Ferguson had discovered Kanchelskis through a VHS tape sent to him by Norwegian agent Rune Hauge, and had been able to personally scout him during a Soviet Union match against Scotland. At the time, Kanchelskis was a rarity in English football, being one of just 11 players in the First Division from outside the British Isles.

He made his United debut in the penultimate league game of the 1990–91 season, a match which United lost 3–0 to Crystal Palace at Selhurst Park, with Ferguson resting several first team players due to their participation in the European Cup Winners' Cup Final. During his time with United, he received help settling in from George Scanlan, employed by the club as an interpreter, who he became close friends with and who later helped write his first autobiography. Kanchelskis came into a United squad who finished the season in 6th position, with Ferguson under increasing pressure to win the league championship.

Kanchelskis won the 1991 European Super Cup with United, defeating European Cup winners Red Star Belgrade 1–0. He established himself as a regular member of the United team, playing in 34 out of 42 league games in the 1991–92 season, as United finished second to Leeds United in a title race that they had led for most of the season, before being overhauled during the final few weeks. However, compensation for Kanchelskis and his teammates had come at Wembley Stadium on 12 April 1992 when a 1–0 win over Nottingham Forest gave them their first ever Football League Cup triumph. Kanchelskis scored five league goals that season, finding the net eight times in all competitions. His first United goal was against Sheffield United in a 2–0 league win at Old Trafford on 2 November 1991.

On the opening day of the new Premiership season, Kanchelskis was one of just 11 foreign players starting in the league. Though he primarily played on the right wing, such was the fluidity of United's attacking play that Kanchelskis could switch wings and be as effective, as against defending champions Leeds early in the season, with opposite winger Ryan Giggs delivering a ball from the right to Kanchelskis, drifting from the left wing to the back post, heading into the goal to score United's first in a 2–0 win. Kanchelskis was a regular in the first half of the season before being replaced for the second half of the season by Lee Sharpe, who returned from a bout of viral meningitis, with Giggs now the favoured choice in Sharpe's previous position on the left flank. Nevertheless, Kanchelskis was a key part of the team who won the first ever Premier League title, scoring three goals in 27 league games appearances, as United's 26-year league title wait came to an end.

The 1993–94 season brought more success as United won the Premier League title and the FA Cup, and Kanchelskis was now United's first choice right-winger. 1993–94 was also the first season of squad numbers in the Premier League, and Kanchelskis was issued with the number 14 shirt. Kanchelskis was sent off in the last minute of the League Cup final for deliberate handball; Dean Saunders scored from the resulting penalty, ensuring a 3–1 loss to Aston Villa, a defeat which eventually cost United a domestic treble.

Kanchelskis was United's leading goalscorer in the 1994–95 season with 15 goals in 32 games, but missed the final few weeks of the season due to a hernia, and during that time United surrendered the league title to Blackburn and the FA Cup to Everton. United were also without the suspended Eric Cantona (who was banned for eight months after he assaulted a spectator against Crystal Palace in late January), while Andy Cole was cup-tied for the FA Cup games. His highlight of the 1994–95 season came on 10 November 1994, when he scored a hat-trick for United in their 5–0 home win over neighbours City in the Manchester derby. He had also found the net twice against Blackburn Rovers in a crucial match at Ewood Park on 24 October which United won 4–2. Kanchelskis had played 145 times for United and scored 48 goals in the space of four years, but he had fallen out with manager Alex Ferguson earlier in the season and failed to patch up his differences with the manager. He was placed on the transfer list in July 1995 and on his departure, he was eventually replaced on the right-hand side of United's midfield by David Beckham.

Leaving United and signing for Everton
Bryan Robson made an approach bid to sign Kanchelskis for Middlesbrough when it was announced that United would be selling him, bidding £4.5m in July 1995, while there was also interest from Arsenal. Robson believed his friendship with Kanchelskis could secure the transfer in Middlesbrough's favour. Kanchelskis confirmed that he would be leaving United, blaming Ferguson for his imminent departure, and eventually agreed to join Everton in August, but the transfer was cancelled due to a claim by Shakhtar Donetsk for money. Kanchelskis was subsequently registered with United for European competition, with the belief he could yet remain with the club, but a compromise between United, Everton and Shakhtar was reached, and he signed for Everton after the beginning of the 1995–96 season, in time for a fixture against Southampton. Everton paid a club record £5m fee for Kanchelskis, signing a four-year contract worth £13,000 per week.

United manager Ferguson later claimed in his autobiography that he was offered a bung of £40,000 to force through a transfer by Grigory Essaoulenko, the agent of Kanchelskis, who denied the allegations. In 1997, an inquiry into potential transfer irregularities in English football was unable to obtain information regarding Kanchelskis' transfers as the owner of Shakhtar, Akhat Bragin, had been murdered with an explosive device. The Independent later uncovered that Bragin had stolen over £500k in 1991 when Kanchelskis had transferred to United, money which had been deposited into a Swiss bank account by Manchester United, a fact which was only realised by other Shakhtar officials, including Ravil Safiullin, when Kanchelskis transferred to Everton. Kanchelskis, who was contracted to Scottish team Rangers by the time of Ferguson's allegations, denied any involvement, and said Essaoulenko hadn't been his agent since 1991.

Having missed the Charity Shield curtain raiser against Blackburn due to the delay of the transfer, he made his debut in the match against Southampton, with Everton winning 2–0, their first win of the season. During his first game against Manchester United, since he joined Everton, in early September, Kanchelskis suffered a shoulder injury early into the game following a late tackle by Sharpe, and was substituted off after 14 minutes in an eventual 3–2 defeat. He returned to action against Bolton Wanderers a month later, missing two chances to score in a 1–1 draw. He rapidly gained cult status with Everton supporters especially after his two goals against Merseyside rivals Liverpool at Anfield, his first for the club, ensured a 2–1 win, Everton's first triumph at the stadium since 1986. A week later, he put in a Man of the Match performance in a 2–2 draw with Sheffield Wednesday, scoring Everton's first three minutes into injury time in the first half, before assisting the equaliser for Daniel Amokachi.

His first season with the club saw him score 16 goals, including 10 goals in the last 10 matches, to cap a season of excellent performances which made him arguably the best right-winger in the country; his 16 goals was the Everton goalscoring joint-record in the Premier League, shared with Tony Cottee, for 20 years until Romelu Lukaku broke the record in 2016. On 24 February 1996, Kanchelskis scored the opening goal in a 3–0 win against Nottingham Forest, which moved them into 7th place for the first time since August, increasing their chances of UEFA Cup qualification. On 16 April, he again scored against Liverpool, this time in a 1–1 draw, a result which hampered Everton's prospects of qualifying for Europe. He scored his second hat-trick in English football during a 5–2 win at Sheffield Wednesday on 27 April, the first Everton player to score hat-trick in any competition for over two years. Everton ultimately missed out on a UEFA Cup, results not going their way on the final weekend of the season.

In late January 1997, Kanchelskis was subject to a bid of £6m from Italian club Fiorentina, and Fiorentina director Luciano Luna claimed personal terms had been agreed for a four-year contract.

Injury marred spell with Fiorentina
Kanchelskis signed a three-year deal with Fiorentina for a fee of 16 billion lira, signing a four-year contract. The transfer fee was the most expensive for a Russian player, and at the time was one of the most expensive transfers in world football. 1,500 Fiorentina fans turned up to watch Kanchelskis' first training session, and though he passed his medical, Kanchelskis' first match was delayed by an ankle injury, Manager Claudio Ranieri declared Kanchelskis "the best in the world", and club owner Vittorio Cecchi Gori said Fiorentina had beat out A.C. Milan, Spanish club Real Madrid, and Dutch club Ajax to sign Kanchelskis. New teammates Luís Airton Oliveira, Stefan Schwarz, Pasquale Padalino, and Anselmo Robbiati all expressed their joy at the arrival of Kanchelskis, predicting the arrival to be a success for both the team and the player.

Wearing the number 32 shirt, he made his debut against Hellas Verona on 16 February in a 2–1 defeat. Cecchi Gori claimed Kanchelskis had been deliberately targeted by opposition player due to the cost of the transfer. Kanchelskis' early performances were criticised by Italian newspaper la Repubblica, scoring no goals and managing only one shot on goal in his first five appearances. A hard tackle by Roma defender Vincent Candela ended his 1996–97 season prematurely, at which point he had played nine games without scoring. He changed his shirt number to 17 for the 1997–98 season, and his form improved in the opening two matchdays of the Serie A campaign, including scoring his first goal against Bari. During the summer, Ranieri had been replaced by Alberto Malesani, who had faith in the ability of Kanchelskis. However, he suffered an ankle injury after a hard tackle from Internazionale defender Taribo West, punished only with a yellow card. Returning to action after 40 days in a 1998 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Italy in Moscow, he collided with Gianluca Pagliuca and suffered a fracture in his knee, being sidelined until the end of January in a Coppa Italia match.

By the end of the season, he had played 19 appearances in all competitions, scoring two goals, the second of which came on the final day of the season in a 2–0 win against Milan. At the conclusion of the season, Malesani was replaced by Giovanni Trapattoni, who didn't see Kanchelskis as being part of his plans. Speaking in 2019, Cecchi Gori, who at the time had described the purchase of Kanchelskis as the "cherry" of the team, said that it was "inevitable" that Kanchelskis would not have success in Italy due to being targeted by opposition players.

Return to Britain
After struggling to make an impact in Italy, he was allowed to leave, and signed for Scottish Premier League team Rangers for a national record of £5.5 million, part of the club's total summer spending by manager Dick Advocaat of £25m. His first goal came for Rangers came in the first-leg of their UEFA Cup qualification second-round match against Greek side PAOK. On 25 April 1999, Kanchelskis scored the second Rangers goal in a 3–1 win against Aberdeen, moving them within three points of the championship. Rangers went on to win a domestic treble of the league, Scottish Cup, and Scottish League Cup, with Kanchelskis coming on as a substitute as they clinched the third trophy against Old Firm rivals Celtic; in the first fixture of the season against Celtic, Kanchelskis had suffered a broken arm. In his second season with the club, he was dropped from the team, but regained his place in the new year and eventually won the 2000 Scottish Cup Final, amidst reports he could be sold.

During the summer, he was a transfer target for Spanish club Barcelona, who wanted a replacement for Luís Figo, while Joe Royle, manager of Manchester City, declared his interest in reuniting with Kanchelskis, though he eventually opted to stay with Rangers, saying he was having a "great time" with the club. His relationship with Advocaat eventually broke down, and after a training ground bust-up with teammate Fernando Ricksen, followed by him then refusing to play in a match for the Rangers under-21 team, he emerged as a target for Bradford City and Manchester City in January 2001. He chose to return to Manchester, and made his debut on 31 January, coming on as a half-time substitute for Andy Morrison in a 1–1 draw with Liverpool in the league. He played 11 games for City, scoring once in a 4–2 defeat to Liverpool in the FA Cup. Despite his successful time with United, Kanchelskis says the clubs' supporters regularly remind him he played 11 matches for their arch-rivals.

Upon his return to Rangers, he said he was happy to be back and vowed to give his all for the team, but having received little game time and falling behind Russell Latapy in the pecking order, began to consider his future. After his release from Rangers upon the expiration of his contract, he went on trial with Southampton; manager Gordon Strachan said that Kanchelskis had personally phoned him to ask for permission to train with the club. After a successful trial, Kanchelskis signed with Southampton on 30 August, with a contract lasting until the end of the season. Strachan described Kanchelskis as "just too good a player not to have a club", and said Saints players were "learning a lot from him". He made his debut against former club Everton, coming on as a second-half substitution in an eventual 1–0 win. After making only one more appearance, Southampton released him early from his contract in February 2003, and he joined Saudi Arabian team Al Hilal, signing a four-month contract, after rejecting the possibility to move to Sheffield Wednesday on loan. During his time with Southampton, Kanchelskis wore the number 7 shirt previously worn by club legend Matt Le Tissier, and said during a 2021 interview with The Athletic that while he didn't have a problem wearing the number on his shirt, that it was a "bad decision" due to his lack of success at the club.

Later career, and retirement
His time with Al-Hilal was blighted by a hamstring injury, and he said that though his teammates were skilled, they lacked enthusiasm and passion in matches and training. Kanchelskis played his final game for the club in May 2003, and in July he began training back in England with Brighton & Hove Albion, a club close to his home in Sussex. He would later reveal he decided to leave Saudi Arabia due to the Riyadh compound bombings. With offers from teams in Japan and the possibility of a return to Al-Hilal, Brighton manager Steve Coppell began talks with Kanchelskis to sign for the club, and after a month of training, he was offered a three-month contract by Brighton, but the move was cancelled when he failed to agree personal terms. Coppell had been excited at the prospect of Kanchelskis training with the club, saying: "when he is on the ball you can just see he is a good player. He's been there, done it played on the highest stage... he's just a top quality player and he seems a good lad".

In December 2003, Kanchelskis spoke to Russian media outlet Sport Express of a contract offer from Russian Premier League team Dynamo Moscow. In January 2004, he signed a one-year contract with Dynamo after a trial period with the club. In an interview with Komsomolskaya Pravda, Kanchelskis said he had turned down big-money offers from Qatar and Saudi Arabia in favour of signing for Dynamo. His stay at Dynamo was short-lived when he was sacked for a "disciplinary offence" on the eve of the 2004 season, with manager Jaroslav Hřebík citing a "lack of professionalism". Kanchleskis denied allegations he had turned up to training drunk, and filed an unlawful termination suit with the dispute resolution chamber. In December, the court ruled in favour of Kanchelskis; though he said he had fought against the dismissal "not for money, but for prestige", he was awarded damages equating to his salary from 8 February to 15 December.

Soon after his release from Dynamo, he was training with former international teammate Viktor Onopko at Saturn. At the end of May, Saturn manager Boris Ignatyev confirmed the possibility that Kanchelskis could sign for the club, and in June, Kanchelskis signed a six-month contract with Saturn, with the possibility of a further year. Before making his official debut, he took part in a friendly match against Rubin Kazan. His debut for Saturn wouldn't come for another month, playing in the 14th round of the championship in a 1–1 draw against Amkar Perm. His first two goals for the club came in a 5–1 win against Alania Vladikavkaz. After another year with Saturn and a short spell with Krylia Sovetov, he retired in February 2007, saying "you need to leave at the right time". He scored one goal for Krylia Sovetov, scoring the opening goal in a 2–1 win against Tom Tomsk on 6 May 2006. He played his last competitive game on 25 November.

Soviet Union and CIS
Kanchelskis was part of the Soviet Union U21 team which won the 1990 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, scoring a goal in the second leg of the final against Yugoslavia U21. Kanchelskis recalls having "no fear" before the first leg, saying the squad was relaxed and had played with "pleasure". He made his senior debut for the Soviet Union in 1989, coming on as a substitute for Gela Ketashvili in the final minute of a 1–1 draw with Poland. He was capped 23 times for the Soviet Union (including its brief successor, the CIS), scoring three goals. He scored, in November 1991 in Cyprus, the last goal in Soviet national team history.

Russia
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union Kanchelskis chose to represent Russia, considered the USSR's official successor team by FIFA. Though eligible, he immediately dismissed the chance to play for Lithuania, while he rejected Ukraine due to them not being able to qualify for a tournament until Euro 1996. Speaking in 2005 about his choice of representing Russia rather than Ukraine, Kanchelskis described the idea of waiting several years to play international football as an "impermissible luxury", and said he did not regret his choice.

Having struggled in the qualification for the 1994 FIFA World Cup, Russia lost to Greece, and following the match, though he had not played in Athens, Kanchelskis was one of fourteen players to sign a letter sent to Shamil Tarpishchev, calling for the dismissal of manager Pavel Sadyrin and the appointment of Anatoliy Byshovets as the replacement. Kanchelskis was one of five players who refused to be called up to Russia squad for the World Cup, as part of the ongoing player dispute with Sadyrin.

Style of play
Kanchelskis usually played as a right-winger throughout his career, where he was known for his work-rate, pace, explosive acceleration, powerful shot from range, and eye for goal; however, he was not particularly strong in the air. Moreover, he had the ability to run at defenders, put opponents under pressure, and create space for teammates when dribbling with the ball. In addition to his footballing skills, he also stood out for his professionalism, despite his aggressive playing style.

Under his maanger Lobanovsky at Dynamo Kyiv, Kanchelskis operated as a traditional "English style" winger in a 4–4–2 formation, looking to receive the ball out wide and cross into the box from the touch-line.

Post-playing career
Shortly after his retirement as a player in February 2007, Kanchelskis became the sporting director of First Division team FC Nosta Novotroitsk, with the intended goal of improving the infrastructure of the club. In August 2009, he was in discussion to become a manager for the first time, with Second Division team Torpedo-ZIL Moscow, but in September it was announced he would remain with Nosta. In November, Kanchelskis resigned from his role with Nosta and re-entered negotiations with Torpedo-ZIL. Having failed to gain promotion in the 2010 season, Kanchelskis blamed the club for failing to spend on players, describing the 300,000 ruble expenditure as "frivolous", and announced his intent to resign from his role.

On 23 December 2010, he was appointed the first manager of the newly founded football club, FC Ufa, and stated that promotion to the Football National League was the goal of the club. The club's first ever match occurred on 20 April 2011, with Ufa playing against Syzran-2003 in the Russian Cup, and although the match ended in a 0–0 draw, Ufa lost 1–0 in the subsequent penalty shootout. Competing in the Second Division, the club began their first league season on 24 April, with Kanchelskis guiding his team to their first ever win, a 3–1 victory against Tyumen, with striker Konstantin Ionov scoring all three goals. In May 2012, it was announced that Kanchelskis had left Ufa, with the club five points behind league leaders Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk and three matches of the season remaining.

In June 2012, Kanchelskis joined the coaching staff at Volga Nizhny Novgorod, where he spent a year before departing in June 2013. Upon his departure, he said he had had a "good experience" with Volga, and he left satisfied with the year spent with the club. On 31 August 2014, Kanchelskis became the manager of the Latvian Higher League club FC Jūrmala. He was the replacement for Bulgarian manager Gosho Petkov, who had gained 8 points from 28 games, and had left them in last place in the league table, but Kanchelskis failed to avoid relegation. During his spell at Jūrmala, members of the playing squad were regularly unpaid due to the poor on-pitch results. Kanchelskis confirmed his departure in January 2015. In January 2016, Kanchelskis was appointed the new manager of third-tier team Solyaris Moscow following the death of the previous coach Sergey Shustikov. He was sacked on 26 April with the team in second place in the league.

On 9 October 2018, Kanchelskis was appointed manager of the Uzbekistan Super League team Navbahor Namangan, replacing Ilkhom Muminjonov in the role. He signed a contract until the end of the 2018 season, and hired the experienced Russian coach Aleksei Belenkov as his assistant. He won his first game in charge, with midfielder Azizbek Turgunboev scoring the only goal in a 1–0 win against Buxoro. Navbahor finished third in the league as a result of a 1–0 win against rivals Bunyodkor on 21 November. In June 2019, Kanchelskis resigned from his role, citing the unsatisfactory results which had left the team situated in 4th place in the league, having earned 18 points from 12 games. However, in August, he was re-appointed manager of Navbahor, replacing Dejan Đurđević and signing a three-year contract. In August 2020, Kanchelskis confirmed he had tested positive for COVID-19; Navbahor and Kanchelskis requested for the football authorities to postpone the league due to members of the squad also contracting the virus, but were refused. He was released from hospital on 21 September, and the following week, he said he was still recovering slowly. In October 2020, with the team in 7th place in the league after 18 matches,

Kanchelskis left Navbahor for a second time, on this occasion due to being unpaid for four months, and submitted an application to FIFA. In August 2021, FIFA ruled in favour of Kanchelskis, ordering Navbahor to pay $1.6 million plus interest. In November, four masked man approached Kanchelskis in a café and threatened to cripple him if he did not take a payment of $80,000. Navbahor released a statement saying that the charges levelled against them were "fictitious, provocative and offensive".

In July 2023, Andrey Kanchelskis was appointed the General Director of the Kazakh club Tobol. In November 2023, he left his position due to a conflict with the club owner.

On 25 December 2023, Kanchelskis was appointed as Head Coach of Kyrgyz Premier League club Muras United on a one-year contract.

Personal life
Kanchelskis has a son, also named Andrei, who is a supporter of Everton, due to the fondness with which Everton fans remembered his father's short spell with the club. In 1993, Kanchelskis' wife Inna suffered a miscarriage during their first pregnancy.

On 14 July 2024, Kanchelskis was beaten up in a Moscow bar following an altercation with a man during the Euro 2024 final.

International

 * Scores and results list the Soviet Union's and Russia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Kanchelskis goal.

Honours
Manchester United
 * Premier League: 1992–93, 1993–94
 * FA Cup: 1993–94
 * Football League Cup: 1991–92; runner-up: 1993–94
 * FA Charity Shield: 1993, 1994
 * European Super Cup: 1991

Rangers
 * Scottish Premier League: 1998–99, 1999–2000
 * Scottish Cup: 1998–99, 1999–2000
 * Scottish League Cup: 1998–99, 2001–02

Soviet Union U21
 * UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 1990

Individual

 * Sir Matt Busby Player of the Year: 1994–95
 * Premier League Player of the Month: April 1996

title: Andrei Kanchelskis


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Birds Australia

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 * Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, trading name Birds Australia
 * Birds of Australia, an article about Australian Birds
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title: Birds Australia


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Synaxarium

Synaxarion or Synexarion (plurals Synaxaria, Synexaria; Συναξάριον, from συνάγειν, synagein, "to bring together"; cf. etymology of synaxis and synagogue; Latin: Synaxarium, Synexarium; ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲝⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ; Ge'ez: ሲናክሳሪየም(ስንክሳር); ٱلسِّنْكِسَارُ/ٱلسَّنْكِسَارُ/ٱلسِّنَكْسَارُ  ) is the name given in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches to a compilation of hagiographies corresponding roughly to the martyrology of the Roman Church.

There are two kinds of synaxaria:
 * Simple synaxaria: lists of the saints arranged in the order of their anniversaries, e.g. the calendar of Morcelli
 * Historical synaxaria: including biographical notices, e.g. the Menologion of Basil II and the synaxarium of Sirmond. The notices given in the historical synaxaria are summaries of those in the great menologies, or collections of lives of saints, for the twelve months of the year. As the lessons in the Byzantine Divine Office are mostly the lives of saints, the Synaxarion became the collection of short lives of saints and martyrs, but also of accounts of events, of famous visions seen by saints and even useful narratives whose memory is kept.

Definitions
The exact meaning of the name has changed at various times. Its first use was for the index to the Biblical and other lessons to be read in church. In this sense it corresponds to the Latin Capitulare and Comes. Then the Synaxarion was filled up with the whole text of the pericopes to be read. As far as the Holy Liturgy was concerned this meant that it was essentially transformed into the "Gospel" and "Apostle" books. Synaxarion remained the title for the index to the other lessons. Without changing its name it was filled up with complete texts of these lessons. The mere index of such lessons is generally called menologion heortastikon, a book now hardly needed or used, since the Typikon supplies the same, as well as other, information.

Certain calendars extant in the Middle Ages were also called Synaxaria. Krumbacher describes those composed by Christopher of Mytilene and Theodore Prodromus (twelfth century).

Examples
The oldest historical synaxaria apparently go back to the tenth century. There are a great number of medieval synaxaria extant in manuscript. They are important for Byzantine heortology and church history. The short lives that form the lessons were composed or collected by various writers. Of these Symeon Metaphrastes is the most important. The accounts are of very varying historical value. Emperor Basil II (976-1025) ordered a revision of the synaxarion, which forms an important element of the present official edition. The synaxarion is not now used as a separate book; it is incorporated in the Menaia. The account of the saint or feast is read in the Orthros after the sixth ode of the Canon. It is printed in its place here, and bears each time the name synaxarion as title. Synaxarion then in modern use means, not the whole collection, but each separate lesson in the Menaia and other books. An example of such a synaxarion (for St. Martin I, 13 April) will be found in Nilles, op. cit., infra, I, xlix. Some surviving examples of regional Synaxaria are:

 * The Coptic Synaxarium- Also known as the Synaxarium Alexandrinum, which is employed by the Coptic Orthodox Church was started simultaneously by J. Forget in the Corp. script. orient.. It was written using the Coptic language (ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲝⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ) before the adoption of Arabic as an official language of Egypt.
 * The Ethiopian Synaxarium- which belongs to the Ethiopian was begun by I. Guidi in the Patrologia orientalis, as well as by E.A. Wallis Budge.
 * The Armenian Synaxarium of Ter Israel- which is used by the Armenian Apostolic Church was published at Constantinople in 1834, and again in Patrologia Orientalis.
 * The Georgian Synaxarium- There are also various Georgian synaxaria, surviving in various complete states.
 * The Roman Martyrology- which is utilized by the Roman Catholic Church for its calendar of saints.
 * The Arab-Jacobite Synaxarium- which is composed in Arabic (السِّنْكِسارُ) and used by the Syriac Orthodox Church.

Byzantine usage
During the Eastern Orthodox Divine Services the reading of the synaxarion (in the sense of brief lives of the saints of the day) will take place after the Sixth Ode of the Canon at Matins or at the Divine Liturgy. The synaxaria may be printed in a separate volume or may be included with other liturgical texts such as the Menaion or Horologion.

title: Synaxarium


text: User talk:68.162.43.109

title: User talk:68.162.43.109


text:
David Ross (trampolinist)

David Ross (born April 30, 1950) is a Canadian trampolining coach and manufacturer of trampolines and trampoline equipment. Ross is arguably the person most responsible for Canadian trampolinists becoming competitive on the international scene.

As a physics student at Queen's University, Canada, David Ross became interested in competitive trampolining. He finished 2nd in his first Canadian National Trampoline Championship in 1972. He also became interested in manufacturing high performance trampolines and spent years in researching the design and construction of woven trampoline beds and has his own business Rebound Products Inc. Ross hand-woven trampoline beds are now used in many competitions around the world. He has also produced custom trampolines and other rebound equipment for Cirque du Soleil and similar shows.

He opened Skyriders Trampoline Place, the first custom built Canadian trampolining facility, in 1990. It is located in Richmond Hill, north of Toronto, Ontario. Many Canadian National Team athletes train there.

Ross has been the Canadian National Team coach for a number of years. He has coached four of the five Canadian Olympic trampolinists at Skyriders, Karen Cockburn, Mathieu Turgeon and Rosannagh MacLennan and Jason Burnett. His coaching style focuses on increasing the technical difficulty of the optional routine. Athletes (Burnett, Cockburn and MacLennan) coached by Ross hold the FIG world records for highest difficulty in the Men's Individual and Women's Synchronized trampoline events.

title: David Ross (trampolinist)


text:
WTMJ

 * WTMJ-TV, a television station (channel 32, virtual 4) licensed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
 * WTMJ (AM), a radio station (620 AM) licensed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
 * WKTI, a radio station (94.5 FM) licensed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, which used the call sign WTMJ-FM from 1959 to 1974
 * WTMJ-FM, a radio station (93.3 FM) licensed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, which was deleted in 1950

title: WTMJ


text:
Return to the Planet of the Apes

Return to the Planet of the Apes is a 1975 American animated television series based on the 1968 film Planet of the Apes and its sequels, which were, in turn, based on the 1963 novel of the same name by Pierre Boulle. Unlike the film, its sequels, and the 1974 live-action television series, which involved a primitive ape civilization, Return to the Planet of the Apes depicted a technologically advanced society, complete with automobiles, film, and television; as such it more closely resembled both Boulle's original novel and early concepts for the first Apes film which were changed due to budgetary limitations in the late 1960s.

Produced following the last of the big-screen features and short-lived live-action television series, this series was among the last Planet of the Apes projects for several years following a number of comic books from Marvel Comics (August 1974 – February 1977) and a series of audio adventures from Power Records in 1974. Aside from a number of comic book series published by Malibu Comics in the early 1990s, the next project based upon Boulle's concepts would be Tim Burton's reimagining in 2001.

Along with the second Planet of the Apes film, Beneath the Planet of the Apes, this is one of only two original Planet of the Apes productions in which Roddy McDowall was not involved.

Production
In 1975, after the failure of the live-action series, NBC and 20th Century Fox agreed to adapt Planet of the Apes for an animated series. The network contracted DePatie–Freleng Enterprises to produce a half-hour Saturday-morning cartoon titled Return to the Planet of the Apes. Doug Wildey, co-creator of Jonny Quest, took on most creative control as associate producer, storyboard director, and supervising director. Wildey had only watched the original film and Beneath, and thus based his interpretation on them. As such, the show relied less on the themes and plot developments from Escape, Conquest, and Battle and instead returned to the Vietnam War and Cold War themes prominent in the first two films.

The plot concerns three American astronauts, Bill Hudson (Tom Williams), Jeff Allen (Austin Stoker, who played MacDonald in Battle), and Judy Franklin (Claudette Nevins), who inadvertently journey to Earth's far future. They find the world populated by three groups: mute humans who inhabit desert caves, subterranean human "Underdwellers" fashioned after the mutants of Beneath, and civilized apes who subjugate the humans. Through the show, the astronauts become increasingly involved in the planet's affairs and in defending the humans against an ape invasion. The cast featured characters based on those from the previous films and TV series, including Nova (Nevins again), General Urko (Henry Cordin), Zira (Philippa Harris), Cornelius (Edwin Mills), and Dr. Zaius (Richard Blackburn). NBC broadcast thirteen episodes between September 6 and November 21, 1975. The show did not achieve particularly strong ratings. The network considered producing a second, three-episode season to complete the story, but this never materialized.

Broadcasting history
Airing on NBC, the series premiered on September 6, 1975 and was broadcast through November 29, 1975 and continuing in reruns until September 4, 1976, although only thirteen episodes were produced. The series aired Saturday mornings at 11:00 AM Eastern/10:00 AM Central. The opening credits voice-over was done by Ted Knight.

The series was later shown in reruns on the Sci Fi Channel in 1992 as part of Sci Fi Cartoon Quest. In Asia, the series was broadcast on STAR TV in 1994 - 1997.

Music for the series was provided by Dean Elliott, recorded in England and conducted by Eric Rogers.

Story
As with the film and the live-action series, Return to the Planet of the Apes involved a handful of astronauts from Earth who were hurtled into the future and found themselves stuck in a world populated by advanced apes and primitive humans. Over the course of the thirteen episodes the astronauts attempted to keep one step ahead of the apes while at the same time trying to make some sense of what had happened. Additionally, they did their best to safeguard the human population from the apes.

Each episode was self-contained to an extent. The story threads did weave in and out, with characters and plots from earlier episodes popping up in later ones. In order for the series to make any sense, the episodes need to be viewed in order.

The animated series does chronologically fit with the rest of the Apes universe. It borrows characters and elements from the movies, the TV series and the original novel. General Urko is borrowed from the TV series. Along with Zaius, Zira and Cornelius, Brent (renamed here as Ron Brent) and Nova are from the movie series. Krador and the Underdwellers in the animated series are loosely based on the mutants in Beneath the Planet of the Apes.

Unlike the movies, the animated series borrows more from the original novel. As in the apes live in a more civilized society and they have televisions, radios, cars, airplanes, and boats.

As with the live action television series, the animated series was concluded before the resolution of the storyline, and it is not learned if the astronauts are able to return to their own time period. There are some hints to the conclusion of the series. Doctor Zaius, in recognising the threat of a military overthrow from General Urko, assures that he is relieved of command. Further, Cornelius and Zira, in recognising that simian society was established long after human society had deteriorated, believed that the time was right for humans to be offered equal rights to that of apes and intend to present their proposition to the Senate.

Characters in the animated series frequently mention prominent apes noticeably named after human historical figures by appropriately inserting the word "ape" into their name. A notable example is "William Apespeare", an ape analog of William Shakespeare. Another scene shows a couple of ape soldiers chatting about a new movie called The Apefather, an apparent analog of The Godfather (unlike the live-action series and movies, the ape society is presented as being technologically advanced – as in the novel – rather than agrarian).

Cast and characters

 * Bill Hudson (Richard Blackburn and Tom Williams) – One of the two male astronauts; blond, blue-eyed, depicted as wearing a blue T-shirt and white pants.
 * Cornelius (Henry Corden and Edwin Mills) – A male chimpanzee scientist.
 * Zira (Philippa Harris) – A female chimpanzee scientist who is very outspoken against the gorilla regime.
 * General Urko (Henry Corden) – A power-hungry gorilla general who plans to drive the humans and Underdwellers off the planet as well as to conquer all non-gorillas.
 * Judy Franklin (Claudette Nevins) – The lone female astronaut and an expert airplane pilot; she is kidnapped and held by the Underdwellers for a time before being rescued.
 * Jeff Allen (Austin Stoker) – The other male astronaut; an African American, depicted as wearing a red turtleneck shirt. Stoker previously played Mr. MacDonald in Battle for the Planet of the Apes, and is the only cast member of the live action movies to have played a part in the series.
 * Dr. Zaius (Richard Blackburn) – The orangutan leader of the Ape Senate, depicted as a grandfatherly politician who questions the tactics of General Urko.
 * Nova (Claudette Nevins) – A human female who joins Bill, Judy, and Jeff on their adventures.
 * Ronald Brent – A U.S. astronaut who launched in the 21st century but arrived in the time of ape rule a number of years prior to the Hudson/Allen/Franklin expedition.
 * Krador – The leader of the Underdwellers.
 * The Underdwellers – A group of underground persons based on the mutants in the film Beneath the Planet of the Apes.
 * Kigor - A virtuous yeti who helps the group twice; first by saving them from Urko's soldiers, and next by helping them defeat a mutant bird.

Reception
The series has been criticized for poor production values. Reviewers felt that the constant reuse of backgrounds and lack of movement made the action on screen dull and slow. The voicework has also been criticized for sometimes being unemotional and equally monotonous.

Despite these criticisms, the series was noted for highly detailed backgrounds, illustrations, character designs and camera effects, due in part to veteran cartoonist Doug Wildey. While animation was poor due to budget and time constraints, still artwork, which featured prominently in the program, was extremely detailed, with extensive shading, looking more like a comic book than a television cartoon.

For the most part, the scripts were intelligent, with detailed stories and solid internal continuity. Unlike many animated adaptations, Return to the Planet of the Apes managed to effectively capture the tone of the live action features, complete with the sense of alienation, wonderment and loss.

Home release
The Return to the Planet of the Apes series was released as a part of the Ultimate DVD Collection in early 2006 by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. The Return to the Planet of the Apes: The Complete Animated Series release on DVD was delayed until October 3, 2006. This was the first time the series was released stand-alone on DVD. Only three of the episodes were restored in the discs included in the Ultimate DVD Collection, but all 13 were restored in the individual release. The individual release also included them in their intended order, as opposed to their airdate order as presented in the box set. The individual release also includes the option of watching the episodes with a preview of the next episode, which was not present in the box set release.

The episode list on the back of the DVD case for the individual release has many errors. The episodes are listed in airdate order as opposed to the chronological order on the actual DVDs, one episode is listed as airing the day before it actually aired and two are shown as having the same airdate, resulting in the airdates of the two subsequent episodes being one week off.

title: Return to the Planet of the Apes


text:
Albert Lacombe

Albert Lacombe (28 February 1827 – 12 December 1916), known as Father Lacombe, was a French-Canadian Roman Catholic missionary who travelled among and evangelized the Cree and also visited the Blackfoot First Nations of northwestern Canada. He is now remembered for having brokered a peace between the Cree and Blackfoot, negotiating construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway through Blackfoot territory, and securing a promise from the Blackfoot leader Crowfoot to refrain from joining the North-West Rebellion of 1885.

Early life
Lacombe was born in Saint-Sulpice, Lower Canada, to Albert Lacombe and Agathe Duhamel on 28 February 1827. Since his parents were farmers, most of his early life was spent on the family farm. However, he was from an early age highly religious. At age 22, he was ordained a priest on 13th June 1849, following studies at the Collège de l'Assomption in L'Assomption, Canada East.

Following ordination, he was sent west to Pembina, Minnesota Territory, where he worked from 1849 to 1851 with the Jesuit priest, Fr George Belcourt. In 1851 he returned briefly to Canada East, where he secured a position as a curate in the town Berthier.

Moving west
Lacombe was dissatisfied in Canada East, and in 1852 he followed Monsignor Alexandre Taché, then suffragan bishop of Saint Boniface, to the Red River Colony. Later in 1852, Father Lacombe proceeded to Fort Edmonton and Lac Ste. Anne, where he overwintered with the Cree and Métis. It was during this time that he began his studies of the Cree language, which ultimately led to a translation of the New Testament into Cree, as well as a grammar and dictionary of the Cree language co-written with fellow Oblate, Constantine Scollen, at Rocky Mountain House in 1870.

After relocating to Lac Ste. Anne, Lacombe concerned himself during the period from 1853 to 1861 with expanding the mission and deepening his ties to the Indigenous population, eventually travelling as far north as the Lesser Slave Lake in search of converts. He began his novitiate in the Oblate order in 1855 under René Rémas and became a member of the congregation on 28th September 1856. During his years at Lac Ste. Anne, Lacombe visited Jasper House, Fort Edmonton (Edmonton), Lac la Biche, Lesser Slave Lake and Fort Dunvegan (Dunvegan).

Despite his good relations with the Indigenous peoples, Father Lacombe had, by 1861, been unsuccessful in persuading the Cree near Lac Ste. Anne to abandon their nomadic lifestyle. He therefore sought out a new mission site more suitable for agriculture, and in 1861 a settlement was established along the Sturgeon River at Saint Albert, Rupert's Land.

A broader mission

In 1864 he was tasked with evangelizing the Cree Plains Indians, and from 1865 to 1872, he travelled extensively throughout the prairies. It was during this time that he brokered a peace between the Cree and the Blackfoot.

In 1872 Lacombe was sent to Fort Garry (modern Winnipeg, Manitoba) to promote the colonization of Manitoba, and to this end travelled throughout eastern Canada and the United States. He became the vicar of Saint Boniface in 1879. It was during this period that he began his association with the Canadian Pacific Railway and extended his ministry to the navvies working on the right-of-way. Among those navies was Yellowhead and his Iroquois followers who worked across Canada on the Canadian Pacific Railway, until the railway was through the Rocky Mountains at Banff, after which Yellowhead appealed to Father Lacombe to assist him in acquiring a land base. The Michel Reserve, land to the north of St. Albert, was arranged by Father Lacombe, and given to Yellowhead's Iroquois followers. In 1882, he relocated to Calgary following the retirement of Constantine Scollen from the southern Alberta missions. When the CPR was preparing to lay track through Blackfoot territory against their wishes, he negotiated an agreement with the Blackfoot leader Crowfoot that allowed the railway to pass through Blackfoot land. Crowfoot was given a lifetime pass to travel on the railway by CPR president William Van Horne, as was Lacombe. When the North-West Rebellion erupted in 1885, Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald enlisted Father Lacombe's assistance in assuring the neutrality of the Blackfoot. Although Cree braves commanded by Poundmaker and Big Bear were involved in the fighting, Crowfoot, believing the rebellion to be a lost cause, kept his warriors out of the conflict. Lacombe eventually wrote a biography on Crowfoot upon his death.

Final years

For the remainder of his life, Lacombe played a major role in founding schools throughout the West, such as St Mary's School in what is now the Mission District of Calgary. His last major travels were to Europe in 1900 and 1904, where he visited Austria and met Emperor Franz Joseph I. He also traveled to Galicia (now largely modern Poland and Ukraine) to promote Galician settlement of Canada. He died in 1916 in Midnapore, Alberta, now a suburb of Calgary. His body was interred in the crypt of the St. Albert parish church. Lacombe served St. Patrick's Church in Midnapore from its construction in 1904 until his death in 1916.

Legacy
A high school in Calgary, Father Lacombe High School, was established in 1979 bearing his namesake. Additionally, an elementary school, Albert Lacombe, is named for him in St. Albert, Alberta. The cities of Lacombe, Alberta and St. Albert, Alberta, are also named in his honour.

In 1932, Lacombe was recognized as a National Historic Person by the government of Canada. A plaque commemorating this is on the north side of the North Saskatchewan River on Highway 36, Brosseau, Alberta. In addition, the work of Lacombe with the Blackfoot and John McDougall with the Cree, in helping to maintain peace, in 1885, was recognized in 1932. A plaque commemorating this can be found at the west end of city park Wetaskiwin, Alberta.

Film portrayal
Lacombe was portrayed by actor John Hamilton in a minor role in the 1949 Hollywood film Canadian Pacific.

title: Albert Lacombe


text: User talk:82.209.218.5

title: User talk:82.209.218.5


text:
Herb Vigran

Herbert Vigran (June 5, 1910 – November 29, 1986) was an American character actor in Hollywood from the 1930s to the 1980s. Over his 50-year career, he made over 350 television and film appearances.

Early years
Vigran was a native of Cincinnati, but his family moved to Fort Wayne, Indiana, when he was 16. He graduated with an LL.B. degree from Indiana University, but later chose to pursue acting.

Stage
Billed as Herbert Vigran, he appeared on Broadway in three plays from 1935 through 1938.

Radio
After starting out on Broadway, Vigran soon moved to Hollywood with no money and only the Broadway acting experience. In 1939, Vigran's agent helped him secure a lead in the radio drama Silver Theatre. The actor had a $5 recording made of the radio show and used it as a demo to get other jobs with his unique voice. He performed in radio shows with the likes of Jack Benny,  Bob Hope, Lucille Ball and Jimmy Durante.

Television
He later had hundreds of television appearances on shows like Adventures of Superman (six episodes), Dragnet (eleven episodes), The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet (seven episodes), The Dick Van Dyke Show (three episodes), Perry Mason (two episodes), Dragnet 1967 (seven episodes), Petticoat Junction (one episode, 1969), and The Brady Bunch (two episodes). Vigran had a recurring role as Judge Brooker in Gunsmoke between 1970 and 1975. He appeared in four I Love Lucy episodes, and in the 1954 episode titled "Lucy Is Envious", Vigran is the promoter who hired Lucy and Ethel to dress up as "Women from Mars" for a publicity stunt. With his bushy eyebrows and balding pate, he was easily cast in a wide variety of middle-aged "everyman" roles: cops, small-time crooks, judges, jurors, bartenders, repairmen, neighbors, shopkeepers, etc.

Film
Vigran had a small but significant role in Charlie Chaplin's Monsieur Verdoux (1947) as a reporter who interviews Chaplin as the title character while he is awaiting execution, while 1954's White Christmas starring Bing Crosby and Danny Kaye saw Vigran in the role of Novello, a nightclub owner who ushers in the stars to see his floor show attraction, The Haines Sisters.

In the rock and roll movie Go, Johnny, Go (1959), Vigran played an assistant to promoter Alan Freed and performed dialogue scenes with rock musician Chuck Berry. He also provided the voice of "Whitney's boss" in a series of Arrowhead bottled water commercials for television and radio in the 1960s.

Personal life
In 1952, Vigran married Belle Pasternack. The couple had two sons.

Vigran was active up until his death.

Death
Vigran died of complications from cancer at the age of 76 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. He was cremated.

title: Herb Vigran


text:
Talk:Skipper (Barbie)

Is this really a stub? How much more is there to say about this doll? Joyous 20:51, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

I want to know Skipper's middle name! Could anyone add that to this article?
 * I don't think her middle name is known, or even if she has one. Tikallover 03:15, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Failed GA
A couple formatting errors caused me to reject this nomination - everything about this article concentrates either on "controversy" or "size". It's nicely researched and cited (use 'accessdate' instead of year and month). Don't link individual years, like 2000. It should explain much more about the purpose of the doll-it seems to brush past things like the arm-makes-boobs function. Also, measurements should use either standard units, or prosified numbers (9 1/4" -> 9.25 inches). ALTON   .ıl  01:40, 25 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Skipper (Barbie)


text: User talk:69.196.71.138

title: User talk:69.196.71.138


text:
Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)

Dún Laoghaire is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

History and boundaries
The constituency was created in 1977, succeeding the earlier Dún Laoghaire and Rathdown constituency which had been created in 1948. The constituency is in the eastern coastal area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown county (part of County Dublin till 1994), including the town of Dún Laoghaire and the villages of Ballybrack, Blackrock, Booterstown, Cabinteely (east of the N11 road), Dalkey, Deansgrange, Glasthule, Killiney, Loughlinstown, Monkstown, Sallynoggin, Shankill, and Stillorgan. At the 2016 general election the constituency was redrawn to include the electoral divisions of Cabinteely-Loughlinstown, Foxrock-Carrickmines, Foxrock-Torquay and Stillorgan-Leopardstown from the now-dissolved Dublin South constituency.

The Constituency Review Report 2023 of the Electoral Commission recommended that at the next general election, Dún Laoghaire be altered with the transfer of territory to Dublin Rathdown.

For the next general election, the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023 defines the constituency as:

2016 general election
Seán Barrett was Ceann Comhairle at the dissolution of the 31st Dáil and therefore deemed to be returned automatically. The constituency was treated as a three-seater for the purposes of calculating the quota.

title: Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)


text:
Society of St James

The Society of St James is an English charity based in Southampton, providing accommodation with care and support to homeless and vulnerable people. The Society began in 1972 by establishing a night shelter for homeless men in St James’ Church Hall, followed by a soup run in the city.

Now, the Society manages over 25 projects, with over 550 people being housed at any one time. The Society also runs several projects supporting people in the community and an employment and training project, Jamie's, where computers are refurbished and recycled. The soup kitchen was discontinued in 2009.

The Society is a registered charity (Registered Charity Number: 1043664) and became a Housing association in 1998.

The Society is a secular organisation. It gained national media attention in 2009 when it suspended an employee for discussing religious views with a colleague during the night shift.

In 2011 the charity highlighted the issue of homelessness with a model skeleton on a sleeping bag with the sign "how long until you take notice?"

title: Society of St James


text:
User talk:Malte Lindeman

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Context setting

 * A closed category can be defined as a category V with an internal homomorphism functor $$V^{op} \times V \to V$$, left Yoneda natural arrows $$L: \left[B\ C\right] \to \left[\left[A\ B\right] \left[A\ C\right]\right]$$ and a fixed object I of V such that there is a natural isomorphism $$i_A: A \to \left[I\ A\right]$$ and a natural transformation $$j_A: I \to \left[A\ A\right].\, $$

Hello. Please note that in the above, there is no way for the typical reader, not being a mathematician, to tell that this article is about mathematics rather than theology, chemistry, diplomatic protocol, etc. I've added "In mathematics," at the beginning. Michael Hardy 20:56, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Malte Lindeman


text: User talk:81.178.87.151

title: User talk:81.178.87.151


text:
User talk:Danahuff

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 20:56, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Harry Potter
RHB(AWB) 21:20, 30 December 2006 (UTC), on behalf of WPHarry Potter

WikiProject Harry Potter roll-call
Hi there. Your username is listed on the WikiProject Harry Potter participants list, but we are unsure as to which editors are still active on the project. Your name has therefore been moved to a "potentially inactive" list. If you still consider yourself an active WikiProject Harry Potter editor, please move your name from the Potentially inactive list to the Active Contributors list. You may also wish to add  to your userpage, if you haven't done so already. Conversely, if you do not wish to be considered a member of the WikiProject, leave your name where it is and it will be moved to the Inactive Contributors section. If you wish to make a clean break with the Project you may move your name to the Known to have left section. Many thanks.

title: User talk:Danahuff


text:
User talk:Ptomng

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 20:56, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ptomng


text:
Eye of a needle

The term "eye of a needle" is used as a metaphor for a very narrow opening. It occurs several times throughout the Talmud. The New Testament quotes Jesus as saying in Luke 18:25 that "it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God" (Jesus and the rich young man). It also appears in the Qur'an 7:40, "Indeed, those who deny Our verses and are arrogant toward them – the gates of Heaven will not be opened for them, nor will they enter Paradise until a camel enters into the eye of a needle. And thus do We recompense the criminals."

Judaism
The Babylonian Talmud applies the aphorism to unthinkable thoughts. To explain that dreams reveal the thoughts of a man's heart and are the product of reason rather than the absence of it, some rabbis say:

"They do not show a man a palm tree of gold, nor an elephant going through the eye of a needle."

A midrash on the Song of Songs uses the phrase to speak of God's willingness and ability beyond comparison to accomplish the salvation of a sinner:

"The Holy One said, open for me a door as big as a needle's eye and I will open for you a door through which may enter tents and camels."

Rav Sheishet of Nehardea applied the same aphorism to the reasoning for which the sages of Pumbedita were evidently famous: "Are you from Pumbedita, where they push an elephant through the eye of a needle?" (Baba Metzia, 38b).

Christianity

"The eye of a needle" is a portion of a quotation attributed to Jesus in the synoptic gospels:

""I tell you the truth, it is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God." When the disciples heard this, they were greatly astonished and asked, 'Who then can be saved?' Jesus looked at them and said, 'With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.'"

The saying was a response to a young rich man who had asked Jesus what he needed to do to inherit eternal life. Jesus replied that he should keep the commandments, which the man replied that he had done so. Jesus responded, "If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me." The young man became sad and was unwilling to do that. Jesus then spoke that response, leaving his disciples astonished.

Cyril of Alexandria (fragment 219) claimed that "camel" was a Greek scribal typo where was written in place of. More recently, George Lamsa, in his 1933 translation of the Bible into English from the Syriac, claimed the same.

Arthur Schopenhauer, in The World as Will and Representation, Volume 1, § 68, quoted Matthew 19:24: "It is easier for an anchor cable to go through an eye of a needle than for a rich person to come to God's kingdom."

In modern times, the scripture has been used as a counterargument to the prosperity gospel, the belief that accruing wealth is a virtue favored by God.

Gate
The "Eye of the Needle" has been claimed to be a gate in Jerusalem, which opened after the main gate was closed at night. A camel could not pass through the smaller gate unless it was stooped and had its baggage removed. The story has been put forth since at least the 11th century and possibly as far back as the 9th century. However, there is no widely accepted evidence for the existence of such a gate.

Islam
According to the English interpretation of the Quran:

"To those who reject Our signs and treat them with arrogance, no opening will there be of the gates of heaven, nor will they enter the garden, until the camel can pass through the eye of the needle: Such is Our reward for those in sin."

The camel, in Arabic jamal, can also be translated as "twisted rope".

title: Eye of a needle


text:
Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics

Italy dominated boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics, winning three gold medals and seven medals overall. Two of the gold medalists would later become Hall of Fame world champions in professional boxing: American Cassius Clay (later known as Muhammad Ali) and Italian Nino Benvenuti.

title: Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics


text:
User talk:Xxjimmyjamxx

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 20:57, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Xxjimmyjamxx


text:
Latin American revolutions

Latin American revolutions may refer to:
 * Spanish American wars of independence, 19th-century revolutionary wars against European colonial rule
 * For other revolutions and rebellions in Latin America, see List of revolutions and rebellions

title: Latin American revolutions


text:
Talk:WOT

wot is often used as a short form fot WHAT in chat rooms

title: Talk:WOT


text:
Women's World Cup of Golf

The Women's World Cup of Golf was a professional golf tournament contested by teams of two female golfers representing their respective countries. The tournament was played in two incarnations, first in 2000 at Adare Manor Hotel & Golf Resort, County Limerick in Ireland sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour, and later annually between 2005 and 2008 in South Africa sanctioned also by the LPGA Tour, money unofficial on both tours. The purse in the final year was US$1.4 million. The field consisted of twenty-two teams and each qualifying country could field one team. It was held in January or February, at the beginning of the season for the world's dominant professional tour, the U.S. LPGA Tour, and of other major tours such as those in Japan and Europe.

title: Women's World Cup of Golf


text:
Cessna T303 Crusader

The Cessna T303 Crusader is an American six-place light twin-engined aircraft built by Cessna Aircraft Company. Production ceased in 1986.

Design and development
The original Cessna 303 Clipper was first flown on February 14, 1978; it was a low-wing four-seat Lycoming-powered twin-engined aircraft that would have competed with the Piper Seminole, Gulfstream American GA-7 Cougar, and Beechcraft Duchess. After market demand for four-place light twins declined, only one 303 Clipper was built before Cessna redesigned the aircraft as a six-seat twin. They also renamed the aircraft out of legal concern, since Pan Am Airlines held the trademark on the name "Clipper" in reference to their fleet aircraft.

The new model, designated the T303 Crusader first flew on October 17, 1979, with the first deliveries being made in October, 1981. The T303 is an all-metal low-wing six-seat twin-engined aircraft with a retractable tricycle undercarriage. At the time, it was the first all-new production twin built by Cessna in over a decade. With a declining market, only 297 were built.

Examples were exported to Europe, with several still operating in the United Kingdom in 2012 and two flying in Goondiwindi, Queensland, Australia. Many are still flying in Colombia in air taxi and private operations.

Military operators

 * 🇭🇹 Haiti:Haiti Air Corps
 * 🇬🇹 Guatemala: Armed Forces of Guatemala

title: Cessna T303 Crusader


text:
Gaius Junius Faustinus Postumianus

Gaius Junius Faustinus Postumianus was a Roman senator who flourished in the third century. He is known from an inscription found near Thugga erected by his son Placidus and daughter Paulina. He held a number of appointments, most importantly as praeses (governor) in Hispania Tarraconensis and Britain. The date of his appointment is unclear, so the province may have been either Britannia Superior or the undivided province of Roman Britain.

A second inscription
A second inscription recounting a cursus honorum of a man with an identical name, is thought by many scholars to also apply to this Postumianus. However, Anthony Birley notes, "the only discepant item" is that his name "seems to match the cognomen of our governor's son": [C. J]unius Faustinus [Pl]a[ci]dus Postumian[us].

This inscription mentions that he was promoted to comes of two Emperors, which implies this happened either in the co-reign of Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla, or perhaps as late as the co-reign of Valerian and Gallienus. If it was during the reign of the first pair, Birley reconstructs his biography as follows. Postumianus was born in the 160s and entered the Senate during the reign of Commodus. Both as plebeian tribune and praetor he was the candidate of the emperor, between which he was selected to serve a year as legatus to the proconsul of Asia. Postumius followed this with a term as juridicus of Aemilia, Etruria and Tuscany, then a commission as legatus legionis of Legio I Adiutrix. He was appointed to a series imperial provinces, first Lusitania, then during the reign of the two Emperors Gallia Belgica followed by Moesia Inferior; Birley dates Postumianus' suffect consulate to c. 204, between the last two provinces, and the governorship of Moesia Inferior between 205 and 208. Then, as comes, he participated in the British campaign of 208–211; this inscription was then erected "not later than 209, since otherwise Auggg. would have been required" -- that was the year Severus made his younger son Geta co-emperor.

Birley admits that if Postumianus' career properly belongs to the later reigns of Valerian and Gallienus, "the various posts ... could have been held under those two emperors and their predecessors in the 240s and 250s."

Date of his governorship
The title praeses suggests the third century, when it came into common usage. Beyond that, little can be said for certain. If we assume both inscriptions refer to the same man, that the first inscription provides the proper order he held those two provinces, and that he was governor in Britain before it was divided into two provinces (which happened by 217), he must have been governor of Britain during the sole reign of Caracalla. But if the order of the two provinces are reversed -- he was governor of Britain then Hispania Tarraconensis -- as Géza Alföldy argues, he was governor of Britain between 207 and 211, then governor in Spain c. 211–214. Or, if he was governor after Britain was divided into two provinces, he might have been the first consular governor of Britannia Superior. Lastly, if his career properly belongs to the later reigns of Valerian and Gallienus, then he could have been governor of either British province in the mid- to late 250s.

title: Gaius Junius Faustinus Postumianus


text:
Ribeira das Tainhas

Ribeira das Tainhas is a civil parish in the municipality of Vila Franca do Campo in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 703, in an area of 9.59 km2.

History
Following its discovery between 1426 and 1439, the island of São Miguel began to be populated under the authority of the Infante D. Henrique, who sent colonists from continental Portugal. Then, during the second half of the 16th century, peoples from Madeira and France began to settle the region of Ribeira das Taínhas. This settlement came after the initial destruction of Vila Franca do Campo by the 1522 earthquake, when the populous were rebuilding.

Little is known of the initial settlers of this region, but there is some evidence that the people initially cultivated a subsistence lifestyle. The economy that development here was concentrated on the cultivation of oranges, and that exportation of many agricultural stuffs and wine occurred through the Porto of Calhau de Areia. Oranges and wine were primarily exported to markets in England, which supported the economy of the parish for many years.

Administratively, the parish was always part of Vila Franca do Campo until 1980, when it was deannexed to form its own se instituiu como freguesia independente.

Geography
Ribeira das Tainhas is the smallest of the civil parishes of Vila Franca do Campo. It shares a short coastal frontier with its neighbouring parishes, and extends into the interior of the island: these include Ponta Garça (to the east) and São Miguel (to the west). Access to Ribeira das Taínhas is accomplished primarily through the Regional E.R.1-1ª roadway and Via-Ráida that connects many of settlements, although a secondary roadway provides connections to its neighbours. In addition, a coastal road (the E.R.3-2ª) beginning in Ribeira Seca at the intersection of the old regional roadway, in the Figueira da Casquete.

Apart from the areas of Amoreiras and São João, that hug the coastal roadway, the parish extends into the interior, into a plain of volcanic spatter cones. The area is represented by the Lagoa do Congro (Lake of the Conger), a former spatter cone, now inundated with water.

Due to the rough cliffs of the region, the parish has few accessible beaches, with the beach of Calhau da Areia being the most distinct. A fine sand beach, Calhau da Areia is un-monitored 100 m beach with a parking area overlooking the coast frequented by locals. Its situated in a zone at the centre of a group of roads with access to pedestrian trails. The main scenic lookout in the centre of town, the Miradouro da Freguesia, with ample parking picnic areas and green spaces.

Architecture

 * Church of Bom Jesus Menino (Igreja Paroquial de Ribeira das Taínhas/Igreja do Bom Jesus Menino), the simple church was begun in 1811 and includes a plain facade frontispiece with oculus over the doorway;

Culture
There are several cultural and secular events that mark the annual calendar, they include: the Festa do Sagrado Coração de Jesus (Feast of the Sacred Heart of Jesus), in the third week of July; annual Concurso de Sopas Este (Soup Festival), on the second weekend of July and on 8 December, the Festa de Nossa Senhora da Conceição (Festival of Our Lady of the Conception).

title: Ribeira das Tainhas


text:
Pennsylvania College of Technology

Pennsylvania College of Technology (Penn College) is a public college in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. It is affiliated with, but a self-governing entity of, Pennsylvania State University. As an applied technology college (known by the locals and alumni alike as "Penn Tech", for decades) the school offers certificate, associate, baccalaureate, and master's degree programs in more than 100 fields of study. The college's student body is 64% male and 86% are full-time.

Pennsylvania College of Technology is broken down into three schools of study; School of Business, Arts & Sciences, School of Engineering Technologies and School of Nursing & Health Sciences.

The college's athletic teams play under the school's nickname the Penn College Wildcats. Penn College yields 15 varsity sports teams which compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III in the United East Conference (UEC).

History
The school began in 1914 as an adult education and training facility at Williamsport High School. It grew into the Williamsport Technical Institute in 1941. During World War II, the school operated 24 hours per day, providing war production training to help meet defense industry needs. Additionally, both during and after the war, the institute provided training and retraining for disabled veterans. In 1965, the Williamsport Area Community College (WACC) was founded, succeeding the former technical institute. It continued providing technical training for residents of northern Pennsylvania. In 1989, the college became a special mission affiliate of Pennsylvania State University and changed its name to Pennsylvania College of Technology.

Academics
Penn College offers more than 100 bachelor, associate, and certificate majors in careers ranging from manufacturing, design, transportation, and construction to hospitality, health, business, and natural resources. Additionally, the College offers a Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies, and is launching a Master of Science in Nursing launching in Fall 2021. The College is a recognized leader in apprenticeship development through its Workforce Development department, co-administering an $8 million federal grant program to create industry-driven strategies for apprenticeships in advanced manufacturing fields and serving more than 3,200 apprentices in the process. The college is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Schools

 * School of Business, Arts & Sciences
 * School of Engineering Technologies
 * School of Nursing & Health Sciences

Rankings
Penn College has been ranked highly from major academic accreditors, magazines and polls. In 2019 U.S. News & World Report ranked Penn College 12th best Regional College in Northeast Region, 3rd Most Innovative School and 6th as Best College for veterans.

Campuses
In addition to the main campus in Williamsport, Penn College operates four satellite campuses situated around the West Branch Susquehanna River and northern tier of Pennsylvania.

 * The Kathryn Wentzel Lumley Aviation Center, located approximately 7 miles east at the Williamsport Regional Airport in Montoursville, opened in 1993. It provides several FAA and Transport certified repair and maintenance programs.
 * The Herman T. Schneebeli Earth Science Center, located 10 miles south in Allenwood, offers programs such as landscape/horticulture, diesel & heavy equipment technology, heavy equipment operation, power generation, and forestry.
 * The Advanced Automotive Technology Center is located approximately three miles west of the Penn College main campus. Students at this campus study topics such as alternative-powered vehicles and motorsports.
 * Penn College at Wellsboro is located in North Central Pennsylvania in the Wellsboro Area School District Administration Building. It serves the Northern Tier (Pennsylvania) communities by providing business and industry training programs as well as noncredit personal and professional development.

In addition to other campus dining units, Penn College has a casual fine-dining restaurant named "Le Jeune Chef". The restaurant serves as a training facility for students in the School of Business, Arts & Sciences during service hours.

Demographics
In fall 2019 Penn College posted ethnicity figures of 5,382 total students of which: 88.2% identified as White, 3.7% Hispanic/Latino, 3.3% Black or African American, 1.2% Asian, 0.2% American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.1% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and 3.3% ethnicity unknown/ multiple. 64% of students are male, 34.4% of students are between 18 and 19 years of age, 29.2% are 20 to 21 and 36.4% are over age 21. Just below 90% of students hail from or are permanent residents of Pennsylvania. 27% of students live on campus and the remaining 73% commute or live off-campus. 6.7% or nearly 800 students are veterans, active duty or reserves.

Greek life and student organizations
Penn College currently recognizes two fraternities: Sigma Pi and Phi Mu Delta.

More than 60 student organizations are recognized at Penn College, many of which are student chapters of professional societies. Student Government Association serves as the students' democratic voice on campus. Wildcat Events Board works to bring many activities to the college.

On-campus housing
Penn College has three residence hall complexes, each comprising several buildings:
 * Rose Street Commons
 * Campus View Apartments
 * The Village at Penn College

Student safety
Penn College Police was formed the summer of 1994 prior to the 1994–95 school year. The police department carries out security and safety duties as well as investigative procedures for crimes committed on campus. With thousands of students, staff and college visitors on a given school day on campus they have 15 full-time officers, 4 property protection officers and 8 security guards. They operate a fleet of Ford Police Interceptor Utilitys, Ford Police Interceptor Sedans and Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptors.

The Penn College Police Department responds to over 5,000 calls for service every year, mostly involving underage drinking on campus, property theft, drug possession and weapon possession.

Athletics
Penn College teams participate as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division III. The Wildcats are a member of the North Eastern Athletic Conference (NEAC) as of the 2013–14 academic season. They are also members of the United States Collegiate Athletic Association (USCAA), the Penn State University Athletic Conference (PSUAC), U.S. Collegiate Archery (USCA), the National Collegiate Wrestling Association (NCWA) and the Mid Atlantic Men's Club Volleyball Conference (MACVC). Men's sports include archery, baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, lacrosse, soccer, tennis and wrestling. Women's sports include archery, basketball, cross country, soccer, softball, tennis and volleyball. The college also sponsors club sports including bowling, dancing, martial arts, men's volleyball and powerlifting.

Significant athletic achievements

 * Baseball: 2015 NEAC champions. The program has had 10 conference championships and nine All-Americans.
 * Golf: sixth at NEAC championship and 10th at 2015 USCAA national tournament. Two golfers won All-NEAC honors.
 * Five consecutive PSUAC Chancellor's Cups (2009–2013).
 * 130 All-American selections.
 * 23 PSUAC Championships since 2005.
 * Archery: finished third overall (2015 U.S. Outdoor Collegiate National Championships) with three individual first-place finishes. The program has had 76 All-Americans.

Notable alumni and faculty
Alumni Faculty
 * Jake Corman, Pennsylvania State Senator (R-PA, 34th senatorial district).
 * Gary Haluska, PA Representative (D-PA, 73rd district)
 * Tom Marino, U.S. Representative (R-PA, 10th district)
 * Scott Wagner, former Pennsylvania State Senator (R-PA, 28th district), Republican nominee for Governor of Pennsylvania in 2018 election.
 * Derek Slaughter, politician

title: Pennsylvania College of Technology


text:
Henry Peacham (born 1546)

Henry Peacham (1546–1634), sometimes called Henry Peacham the Elder, was an English clergyman, best known for his treatise on rhetoric entitled The Garden of Eloquence.

Peacham was ordained in 1574 and appointed as curate of North Mymms, Herts. It was during his time at North Mymms that he published The Garden of Eloquence in 1577 and had a son Henry Peacham the Younger, who also became an author. In 1578 he became rector of Leverton-in-Holland, in Lincolnshire.

C. S. Lewis described The Garden of Eloquence as 'probably the best' of the Elizabethan books on rhetoric.

title: Henry Peacham (born 1546)


text:
User talk:Dpaking

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 21:05, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Auxesis
A tag has been placed on Auxesis requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article consists of a dictionary definition or other article that has been transwikied to another project and the author information recorded.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. Wizard191 (talk) 22:39, 9 August 2009 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dpaking


text: Talk:Latin American revolutions

title: Talk:Latin American revolutions


text:
Alnus cordata

Alnus cordata, the Italian alder, is a tree or shrub species belonging to the family Betulaceae, and native to the southern Apennine Mountains (Campania, Basilicata and Calabria, mainly on western mountain sides) and the north-eastern mountains of Corsica. It has been introduced in Sicily, Sardinia, and more recently in Central-Northern Italy, other European countries (France, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, United Kingdom) and extra-European countries (Chile, New Zealand), where it has become naturalised.

Description
It is a medium-sized tree growing up to 25 m tall (exceptionally to 28 m), with a trunk up to 70 - 100 cm in diameter.

The leaves are deciduous but with a very long season in leaf, from April to December in the Northern Hemisphere; they are alternate, ovate or circular-ovate shaped, cordate at base, rich glossy green, 5 - 12 cm long, with a finely serrated margin. The bark is smooth with greyish brown colour. The trees' large leaf areas are partly due to their long tree tops. Fall arrives usually around the end of November, and the leaves don't change from their original green color. The colorful foliage may last till mid-December in certain years.

The slender cylindrical male contain 5 - 6 catkins, pendulous, reddish and up to 10 cm long; pollination is in early spring, before the leaves emerge. The female catkins are ovoid, when mature in autumn 2 - 3 cm long and 1.5 - 2 cm broad, dark green to brown, hard, woody, and they develop into pseudo-cones. The small winged seeds disperse by wind and through the winter they ripen, turning from green to dark brown colour, and they open the following spring.

It has three natural growing shapes. 1) Along rivers with room to grow and plenty of water one base will often give rise to four to six stems, which fan out at some ten degrees from vertical. 2) In open meadows near rivers, marshy ground and flooding can cause trees to angle or tilt over, whereupon over a matter of seasons they grow natural bends to return the upper trunk to vertical. It is not uncommon to find cordatas with S shapes arising from two tilting events. 3) In groves of multiple trees they grow thinner and straighter, such that a grove of a 100 trees can be an excellent renewable source of straight timber good for woodwork.

Cultivation
Like other alders, it is able to improve soil fertility through symbiotic nitrogen fixation with the bacteria Actinomyces alni (Frankia alni). It thrives on much drier soils than most other alders, and grows rapidly even under very unfavourable circumstances, which renders it extremely valuable for landscape planting on difficult sites such as mining spoil heaps and heavily compacted urban sites. It is commonly grown as a windbreak which helps with soil protection.

Alnus cordata is regarded as a desirable candidate for bioremediation due to its presence in an ecosystem being associated with beneficial effects such as increased amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen-rich litter.

Alnus cordata has gained The Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Bonsai
The Italian Alder makes a medium to large bonsai, a quick grower it responds well to pruning with branches ramifying well and leaf size reducing quite rapidly.

Other uses
Researchers analyzed the phenolic composition of the stem bark of A. cordata, they were able to determine that its components were similar to those of skin-whitening and antioxidant properties. Because these qualities are antioxidant-rich, they can be safely used to treat skin diseases through their bleaching capabilities.

The tree also produces valuable reddish-orange wood. It breaks down when exposed to alternating dry and damp air, but is highly durable when kept wet or dry. As demonstrated in the construction of Venice, when immersed in water it lasts for centuries. Also when used within condensation-free, temperature and humidity controlled buildings it has a reputation for maintaining a smooth and naturally shiny finish. The timber is liked by carpenters and used for turning and carving, for moulding, furniture, panelling and plywood.

title: Alnus cordata


text: User talk:129.44.83.92

title: User talk:129.44.83.92


text:
Tiberius Julius Pollienus Auspex

Tiberius Julius Pollienus Auspex (fl. 3rd century AD) was a Roman senator who was appointed suffect consul between AD 212 and 222.

Biography
Julius Pollienus Auspex, a member of the possibly Italian gens Polliena, was probably the son of Pollienus Auspex, although some scholars have maintained that both men are the same individual. Some time between AD 212 and 222, Auspex was appointed the Legatus Augusti pro praetore of the province of Numidia. He was also during this period appointed suffect consul in absentia.

Julius Pollienus Auspex may have been the adoptive father of Tiberius Pollienus Armenius Peregrinus, consul in AD 244.

title: Tiberius Julius Pollienus Auspex


text:
User talk:Mozzerati/tag risks

A proposal has been made to tag content in Wikipedia. This page is designed to gather risks related to this. Please put risk mitigation strategies at the bottom of the page.

 * if material is tagged it proves that it has been examined and so someone beyond the original uploader may become liable for the material.

 * tags may be identified in the data stream from wikipedia. From these, users who are viewing specific kinds of material may be automatically identified.

 * a censorship system may come under control of a person other than the reader. For example, an ISP might ban images of christianity or a parent might stop their child from learning about evolution.

 * tags may be used by a law enforcement agency to prove that people knowingly downloaded illegal images. For example, if a person has a preference to view images of naked bodies turned off, then decides to turn it on

 * a database of tag settings stored somewhere presents a valuable target of data about the preferences of a particular user. This is true whether it is stored on the users computer or wikipedia directly.

 * a tag system represents a promise. If the tags are incorrect then an image may presented which breaks that promise.  In some cases this might involve legal liability or at the very least offense

 * a tag system represents a valuable target for vandals.

 * a tag system may be used for censorship, by, for example misclassifying material as "offensive" when it is merely politically difficult.

Design Aims
Make it very difficult to associate preferences with a particular person.

title: User talk:Mozzerati/tag risks