text:
Java TV

Java TV is a Java-based software framework designed for use on TV set-top boxes, based on components called Xlets. It is currently used only on the Connected Device Configuration, specifically for iTV applications development.

The API includes the Xlet classes in the package javax.tv.xlet. Other packages of the public API include
 * 1) javax.tv.graphics - provides a simple rendering canvas
 * 2) javax.tv.locator - provides a locator in the style of a URL for services and media, such as service:/SERV1
 * 3) javax.tv.service - defines a mechanism for service information (SI) databases and APIs representing the SI elements, such as the TV channels and media available for playback.

Criticisms
While the framework is general, Sun currently provides support only on Java ME. For some subjects, such as media locators, it is in effect superseded by other locator standards on platforms such as BD-J.

A point of confusion is that in platforms supported as of 2008, examples such as the SvcDispXlet example from the introduction to the API, written circa 2001, are not deployable because it uses AWT widgets such as java.awt.Button. Most iTV platforms, along with BD-J, implement Personal Basis Profile with no AWT widgets, as opposed to Personal Profile which includes the widgets.

Sun's reference implementation for Java TV attempts to limit its exposure to support issues to the full Java Media Framework by having its own small version of JMF that is internally referred to as "jmflite". As with the limitations of the MIDP emulators that Sun provides, the Java TV reference implementation provided by Sun has not been updated to make provisions for later JDK's such as removing calls to Thread.stop. The Thread.stop method was made a "final" method in Java 1.5 (meaning that classes which extend Thread and override stop will fail at runtime under JRE 1.5 when the class is loaded). This implies that Sun has not yet committed to public plans or a roadmap for taking Java ME beyond JRE 1.3. If such an upgrade were to take place, it would require significant work on the part of all vendors of Java ME-enabled devices.

title: Java TV


text:
Category talk:IRT Lexington Avenue Line stations

Context
Many of the article in this category do not have a context. They should be updated with purpose, city and country context. Alan Liefting 23:00, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
David and Lisa

David and Lisa is a 1962 American drama film directed by Frank Perry. It is based on the second story in the two-in-one novellas Jordi/Lisa and David by Theodore Isaac Rubin; the screenplay, written by Frank Perry's wife Eleanor Perry (née Rosenfeld), tells the story of a bright young man suffering from a mental illness which, among other symptoms, has instilled in him a fear of being touched. This lands him in a residential treatment center, where he meets Lisa, a similarly ill young woman who displays a split personality.

The film earned Perry a nomination for the 1963 Academy Award for Best Director and one for Eleanor Perry for her screenplay.

The film was later adapted into a stage play in 1967 and a made-for-television film in 1998.

Plot
David Clemens is brought to a residential psychiatric treatment center by his apparently caring mother. He becomes very upset when one of the residents brushes his hand, as he believes that being touched can kill him. Cold and distant, he mainly concentrates on his studies, especially that of clocks, with which he appears to be obsessed. It is later revealed that he has a recurring dream in which he murders people by means of a giant clock.

He meets Lisa Brandt, a girl who has two personalities: one of them, Lisa, can only speak in rhymes, while the other, Muriel, cannot speak, but can only write. David befriends her by talking to her in rhymes. Over time, he begins to open up to his psychiatrist, Dr. Alan Swinford, and also becomes friendly with another resident, Simon, which provokes Lisa's jealousy. Following an argument when his mother visits, David's parents decide that he should leave the place. He returns to his parents' house, but after a short time, runs away to the treatment center, where he is allowed to stay.

One day Lisa realizes that she is both Lisa and Muriel and that they are the same person. After this breakthrough, she seeks out David, but he is busy listening to Simon play a Bach piece on the piano. Lisa turns on the metronome, interrupting Simon's playing and provoking David's anger. Then, Lisa runs away from the center and takes the train into Center City, Philadelphia, unnoticed. David and the staff fruitlessly search for her until the next morning, when David realizes that she might have returned to the Philadelphia Museum of Art, where she had once embraced a statue of a mother and child.

David and Dr. Swinford rush to the museum, where David finds Lisa on the museum steps. Upon seeing David, Lisa appears to be cured and speaks to him in prose. David, overcoming his own fear of touch for the first time, allows her to hold his hand, while they walk down the stairs to go on their return trip.

Cast

 * Keir Dullea as David Clemens
 * Janet Margolin as Lisa Brandt
 * Howard Da Silva as Dr. Alan Swinford
 * Neva Patterson as Mrs. Clemens
 * Richard McMurray as Stewart Clemens
 * Clifton James as John
 * Nancy Nutter as Maureen
 * Matthew Anden as Simon
 * Jamie Sanchez as Carlos
 * Coni Hudak as Kate
 * Karen Lynn Gorney as Josette
 * Janet Lee Parker as Sandra
 * Frank Perry as Newsdealer (uncredited)

This was the film debut of both Janet Margolin and Karen Gorney (who, billed as Karen Lynn Gorney, later became well known for her leading role in Saturday Night Fever in 1977).

Production
In 1961, Ann Perry read the novella and showed it to her mother Eleanor. The playwright was so fascinated by what she read that she set out to write a screenplay, enlisting her husband Frank as director. The resulting film was produced with small investors and a collection of unknowns to keep costs down. Production began in June 1962 in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. Only after a run on the festival circuit did the film receive a willing exhibitor from New York.

Reception
David and Lisa has received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 85% of 13 reviews were positive, with an average rating of 6.9/10. Perry estimated (in 1987) the film made roughly $25 million.

Bosley Crowther of The New York Times described the film as "commendable" and "sympathetic," finding the "vague and elusive" explanation of the characters' ills to be "one of the stumbling blocks in this film," but praising Dullea and Margolin, whose portrayal of the protagonists' "growing curiosity and attachment in the midst of a cheerless institute" is "touchingly presented." French director Jean Renoir called it “a turning point in world cinema."

Play adaptation
In 1967, the film was adapted into a stage play, but it only ran for a short time.

Plot of the stage play
The play begins with David Clemens and his mother preparing to leave to bring David to "school". We later learn this is a school for children with mental and psychological issues. David's mother is overprotective and overbearing, and it shows. At the station, a porter touches David's arm, and we learn that David is afraid to be touched.

We meet a variety of teachers and other students, particularly Dr. Alan Swinford, the head psychologist, and are introduced to the school. We learn that David has an obsession with clocks, and also with death. We are also introduced to the other title character, Lisa, who has a split personality: one who will only speak in rhymes and the other who will not speak, but will only write or draw her thoughts. Over time, David and Lisa befriend each other, until midway through the play, after an embittering visit, David's parents take him away from the school.

David eventually runs away from his home and comes back to the school, where he is allowed to stay. One day, however, Lisa is annoying David as he listens to another child playing the piano. David becomes cross and shouts at her, and Lisa runs away from the school. David and the head psychologist, Dr. Alan Swinford, go out in search of her, and arrive just in time to save Lisa from the ravages of two boys in a city park. David and Lisa are both relieved that the other is there for them, and somehow Lisa is cured of her two personalities and becomes truly herself, speaking "plain straight" to David for the first time. David extends his hand and asks her to take it, conquering his fear of being touched, and they walk off together, hand in hand.

Television film remake
In 1998, the film was remade into a made-for-television film that premiered on ABC on November 1, 1998. Produced by Oprah Winfrey and directed by Lloyd Kramer, the film starred Lukas Haas as David, Brittany Murphy as Lisa, and Sidney Poitier as Dr. Swinford, with a supporting cast featuring Debi Mazar, Allison Janney, Kim Murphy, Giuseppe Andrews, Vicellous Reon Shannon, Gene Wolande, Kimiko Gelman, and Ty Hodges. The scenes were shifted to the Los Angeles area, including the Museum of Natural History at Exposition Park and Venice Beach.

title: David and Lisa


text:
Xoom (web hosting)

Xoom was an early dot-com company that provided free unlimited space web hosting, similar to GeoCities. The domain "xoom.com" is now held by the Xoom Corporation, an international-focused money transfer website run by PayPal.

History
Xoom was founded by Chris Kitze in September 1996 as a download website offering free clipart and a productivity suite including a word-processing application, centering on a word processor based on Wordstar.

In March 1997, Xoom became a web hosting (offering 100 MB) and an e-mail hosting website. The company acquired several small service providers in 1997 and 1998, including Paralogic, creator of ParaChat, which was the largest chat network on the web at the time, and PageCount, a web counter service. The main revenue sources for the company were direct marketing via email to members and banner advertising.

Funding
The company was funded by a former Lycos executive who had previously started Creative Multimedia (Portland, OR), Aris Multimedia (Marina del Rey, CA) and Point Communications (New York, NY), and angel investors who invested a total of $10M in common stock. No venture capital was raised and the company went public in December 1998 (ticker symbol: XMCM). Around that time, it was ranked as the 13th most popular site on the web by Media Metrix. In May 1999, a deal was announced to use Xoom.com as a vehicle for NBC's internet ventures, that combined Snap.com (owned by CNET and NBC), and various NBC internet assets plus $400M of NBC on-air promotion to form NBC Internet (NBCi). At that time, the combined entity was ranked as the 7th most popular site on the web by Media Metrix.

Reception
Xoom was both criticized and praised for its strict policies on violations of terms of service. A short-lived experiment in franchising and licensing the Xoom software platform and business model in 1998 led to an Italian website, xoom.it, which is still in operation and owned by Virgilio.

title: Xoom (web hosting)


text:
Ludwika Wawrzyńska

Ludwika Wawrzyńska (1908–1955) was a Polish teacher who worked at an elementary school in Warsaw. On February 8, 1955 she rescued four children from a burning house where they had been locked by their parents as they were leaving for work. She died ten days later, on February 18, from severe burns.

Wawrzyńska acquired a hero status in Poland and became a symbol of selfless sacrifice. She was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta. Wisława Szymborska and Leopold Staff wrote poems in her praise. Several schools in Poland are named after her.

title: Ludwika Wawrzyńska


text:
Eugene F. Clark

Commander Eugene Franklin Clark (18 July 1911 – 26 June 1998) was a U.S. Navy officer.

Military career
Clark rose through the enlisted ranks of the Navy from seaman to chief petty officer in the yeoman rating before being commissioned as an officer during World War II. During World War II, Clark participated in the invasion of Okinawa. After the war, Clark commanded LST-865 and USS Errol (AG-133), then participated in clandestine operations along the China coast in support of the Nationalist Chinese, before serving as the chief interpreter during war crimes trials on Guam. Clark was serving on General Douglas MacArthur's staff, in the Geographic Branch, at the start of the Korean War. He was living with his wife, Enid, and two children on the outskirts of Tokyo.

Lt. Clark was deployed with bilingual former ROK Navy Lt. Youn Joung and former ROK Army officer Col. Ke In-ju and KLO to reconnoiter the Inchon area before the Inchon Landing. This is known as the Operation Trudy Jackson (ko:트루디 잭슨 작전). The area was complicated by 29 ft tides and mudflats up to 6000 yd long. The three were transported from United States Fleet Activities Sasebo on HMS Charity (R29), to a 1 September 1950 rendezvous with ROK Commander Lee Sung Ho's PC-703, southwest of Tokchok-do (Deokjeok Island). Upon landing on Tokchok-do, they quickly learned Yonghung-do (Yeongheung Island) was only occupied by five North Korean troops, with a battalion on Taebu-do. Lee assigned LTJG Paik and ten sailors to help Clark and his men capture Yonghung-do, which they did in short order.

Clark and his men secured the help of the 1,000 plus people on the island, imprisoned 24 communist sympathizers, and enlisted 114 of the young men to form an island defense guard. He then proceeded to gather information concerning navigational lights, especially those on Pamli-do and Sowolmi-do, besides determining if East Channel or Flying Fish Channel were mined, and if the channels were covered by large guns. Lee, under orders from Admiral Sohn Won-yil, continued to support the operation, as Clark requisitioned five junks and four sampans for future operations.

Clark soon occupied Palmi-do (Palmi Island) and its lighthouse, a strategic location Clark could use as an alternate base, and observation vantage for spotting future targets. Lee and Clark set up a mine-searching patrol, and Lee investigated the guns on Wolmi-do (Wolmi Island) and Sowolmi-do (Sowolmi Island). Clark's recruited local fishermen to capture junks and occupants for interrogation, and led a raid on Taemuui-do to capture additional prisoners for interrogation. Additionally, Clark made his own reconnaissance of Wolmi-do, and made contact with resistance elements at Manhak San and Sorae San near Yongdungpo, getting important target information on gun emplacements and troop strengths around Inchon, Kimpo and Seoul. Clark was also able to confirm the accuracy of the Japanese tide tables.

Yet, the North Koreans on Taebu-do (Daebu Island) had been slowly infiltrating men onto Yonghung-do, and actually sent a force of six junks, carrying with 80–90 men, to retake the island. Clark led his own fleet of five junks against this enemy junk fleet, and was able to capture two and sink four junks, temporarily stopping the attack. Clark even was able to get the destroyer USS Hanson (DD-832) to shell Taebu-do. Yet, by the 14th, Clark knew another assault on Yonghung-do was imminent, and prepared to evacuate 300 of the islanders on 17 captured junks. Clark and his men then moved to Palmi-do, where they lit the light at 00:50 on the 15th, guiding the invasion fleet proceeding up Flying Fish Channel.

On D-day plus one, a battalion of Marines was deployed to take Taebu-do and Yonghung Do. They stormed the islands only to discover the Communists had already killed over 50 people who had helped Clark, but remained behind on the island. Clark was awarded the Silver Star by the Navy for "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity" in obtaining "vital intelligence information". Clark was also awarded the Legion of Merit by the Far East Command for "exceptionally meritorious conduct."

Later, in advance of the United Nations Forces making their way to the Yalu River, Clark, Youn Joung, and 150 South Korean guerrillas went island hopping up the west coast of North Korea. Clark secured several islands and began infiltrating agents. When they reached the Yalu, in late October, they discovered large numbers of Chinese Communist troops were crossing the Yalu into North Korea. Clark sent this information to the Far East Command in Tokyo, but they ignored it. Clark received the Oak leaf cluster for that mission.

In his last mission in early 1951, Clark escorted Brigadier General Crawford Sams, one of the Army's top doctors, into enemy-held Wonsan to investigate a reported outbreak of bubonic plague. Clark's team penetrated a small Chinese Communist hospital, and Dr. Sams concluded that it was a brand of smallpox. For this, Eugene Clark was awarded the Navy Cross.

Retirement
Commander Eugene Franklin Clark retired from the United States Navy in 1966 with the rank of commander. He retired to California and Nevada with his wife Enid.

It was not until the summer of 2000, when Thomas Fleming published an account of Clark's exploits in MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History, that the Clark family remembered the narrative he had written shortly after returning home in 1951. They also had a Department of Defense clearance to publish The Secrets of Inchon: The Untold Story of the Most Daring Covert Mission of the Korean War.

title: Eugene F. Clark


text:
Hugh Syme

Hugh Syme is a Canadian Juno Award-winning graphic artist and member of the Premier Artists Collection (PAC) who is best known for his artwork and cover concepts for rock and metal bands. He is also a musician and has appeared on some Rush albums as a keyboard player. Syme is notably responsible for all of Rush's album cover art since 1975's Caress of Steel as well as creating Rush's famous Starman logo. In 1983 he told Jeffrey Morgan that he never imagined the band would use it as their main logo. Syme also plays piano on the album Thrilling Women, which Morgan recorded with Dean Motter.

His client base includes major record companies like Geffen Records, EMI Records, Mercury Records, RCA Records, Capitol Records, Sony Music, Atlantic Records, Warner Bros. Records and A&M Records.

Iron Maiden fans remember him best as the designer of The X Factor cover, which shows the band's mascot Eddie dissected. It is remembered for its gritty realism. Whereas all previous Maiden albums were oil paintings, the X Factor Eddie was a puppet with some digital touch-ups to enhance its look. In some countries the cover was considered so gruesome that a less gory alternative was offered (the alternative cover is actually the back of the original CD booklet).

Def Leppard's Retro Active album cover, which he co-designed with Nels Israelson, shows a lady sitting at a dressing table, looking in a mirror. From another perspective, it takes the form of a skull (a type of vanitas art), the woman's head forming the left eye socket, and her reflected head in the mirror forming the right eye socket. The mirror itself forms the shape of the skull and the accessories on the dressing table form the nose, nostrils and teeth. It was inspired by Charles Allan Gilbert's most famous work, All Is Vanity (1892).

Other bands Syme has done artwork for include: Megadeth, Saga, Styx, Altered State, Fates Warning, Whitesnake, Queensrÿche, Aerosmith, and Dream Theater.

Personal
Hugh Syme has studios in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and in Indiana, USA. Syme is co-host of the Music Buzzz Podcast along with Dane Clark and Andy Wilson.

Album cover art
Chronological list of Hugh Syme's album cover art (including studio, live, compilation and extended play LPs).

Discography
Syme has contributed as a musician with Ian Thomas Band, Rush and Tiles.

with Ian Thomas Band
 * Delights - piano, Fender Rhodes, Mellotron and background vocals
 * Calabash - keyboards, background vocals and creative companionship and album cover artwork
 * Still Here - keyboards and background vocals (co-arrangement on "I Really Love You" and "Tinkerbell")
 * Glider - keyboards and all songs arranged with Ian Thomas
 * The Runner - keyboards and background vocals

with Rush
 * 2112 - ARP synthesizer intro to "2112: Overture" and Mellotron and ARP Odyssey on "Tears"
 * Permanent Waves - piano on "Different Strings"
 * Moving Pictures - synthesizers on "Witch Hunt"

with Tiles
 * Window Dressing - keyboards on "Slippers in the Snow"
 * Fly Paper - keyboards on "Crowded Emptiness" and solo piano on "Passing Notes"

with Alice in Chains
 * 2112 - 40th Anniversary Deluxe Reissue - Mellotron, string arrangement, woodwinds, and boy's choir on Geddy Lee's re-released song "Tears"

with Jim McCarty
 * Walking in the Wild Land - Piano, nylon and steel string acoustic guitar, synths, string arrangements, boy's choir, Mellotron on "Changing Times", "Dancing Leaves" and "So Many Questions". James Stanley McCarty (born 25 July 1943) is an English musician, best known as the drummer for the Yardbirds and Renaissance.

Awards
Juno Awards: 5 wins and 18 nominations.

 * 1999: Best Album Design nomination - Different Stages by Rush, with Geddy Lee and Andrew MacNaughtan
 * 1993: Best Album Design nomination - Dear Dear by 54-40
 * 1992: Best Album Design nomination - Big House by Big House
 * 1992: Best Album Design win - Roll the Bones by Rush
 * 1991: Best Album Design nomination - Oceanview Motel by Mae Moore
 * 1991: Best Album Design nomination - Snow in June by The Northern Pikes
 * 1990: Best Album Design win - Presto by Rush
 * 1990: Best Album Design nomination - Rockland by Kim Mitchell
 * 1989: Best Album Graphics win - Levity by Ian Thomas
 * 1986: Best Album Graphics nomination - Robot Man and Friends by Peter Shelly, with Heather Brown and Peter Shelly
 * 1986: Best Album Graphics win - Power Windows by Rush, with Dimo Safari
 * 1985: Best Album Graphics nomination - At the Feet of the Moon by Parachute Club, with Deborah Samuel
 * 1983: Best Album Graphics nomination - Signals by Rush
 * 1983: Best Album Graphics nomination - One False Move by Harlequin
 * 1982: Best Album Graphics nomination - Exit...Stage Left by Rush, with Deborah Samuel
 * 1982: Best Album Graphics win - Moving Pictures by Rush, with Deborah Samuel
 * 1981: Best Album Graphics nomination - Lookin' for Trouble by Toronto, with Michael Gray
 * 1978: Best Album Graphics nomination - A Farewell to Kings by Rush

title: Hugh Syme


text:
Michał Witkowski

Michał Witkowski (born 17 January 1975, in Wrocław, Poland) is a Polish novelist.

Life and career
His first "official" work, Copyright, published in 2001, was a collection of short stories. However, he had previously published, Zgorszeni wstają od stołów in 1997 as Michał S. Witkowski, with the S. standing for Sebastian.

On December 17, 2004, Lubiewo was published — a radically queer novel that sold an estimated 15,000 copies. The novel has been translated into German, English (Lovetown), Spanish, Dutch, Finnish (2007), French, Russian, Czech, Lithuanian, Ukrainian, Slovenian (2010) and Hungarian (2010). His next collection of stories Fototapeta (Photo-wallpaper) was published in 2006 by W.A.B. More recently, Witkowski has published two "queer crime novels", in which a gay writer named Michał Witkowski acts as first-person narrator and detective: Drwal (The Woodcutter, 2011) and Zbrodniarz i dziewczyna (The Criminal and the Girl, 2014).

Witkowski was nominated three times for the Nike Award, Poland's best-known literary award: in 2006 for Lubiewo (shortlist), in 2007 for Barbara Radziwiłłówna z Jaworzna-Szczakowej (longlist), and in 2012 for Drwal (longlist). Lubiewo won the Gdynia Literary Prize in 2006, and Barbara Radziwiłłówna z Jaworzna-Szczakowej was awarded the Paszport Polityki in 2007. Lovetown, the English translation of Lubiewo was longlisted for the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize in 2011.

He is a permanent contributor of Ha!art, a Polish cultural magazine and since July 2014 a contributor to Wprost, having previously worked for six years for Polityka. He is also author of a fashion blog, Fashion Pathology.

Personal life
He describes himself as a homosexual. He rejects the label "gay" as a personal identity as referring to a subculture in the queer community, those commonly represented by popular culture.

Works

 * Copyright (2001). Wydawnictwo Zielona Sowa, ISBN 83-7220-247-8
 * Lubiewo (2005). Korporacja ha!art, ISBN 83-89911-04-3
 * Fototapeta (2006). Wydawnictwo W.A.B., ISBN 83-7414-159-X
 * Barbara Radziwiłłówna z Jaworzna-Szczakowej (2007). Wydawnictwo "W.A.B.", ISBN 978-83-7414-372-1
 * Margot (2009). Wydawnictwo "Świat Książki", ISBN 978-83-247-1745-3
 * Drwal (2011). Wydawnictwo "Świat Książki", ISBN 978-83-7799-483-2
 * Lubiewo bez cenzury (Lubiewo uncensored) (2012). Wydawnictwo "Świat Książki", ISBN 978-83-7799-860-1
 * Zbrodniarz i dziewczyna (2014). Wydawnictwo "Świat Książki", ISBN 978-83-7943-284-4
 * Fynf und cfancyś (2015). Wydawnictwo "Znak", ISBN 978-83-240-2742-2
 * Wymazane (2017). Wydawnictwo "Znak"

title: Michał Witkowski


text:
Vanilla Ninja

Vanilla Ninja is an Estonian all-female rock band which enjoyed chart success in a number of countries across Europe, especially in Estonia, Germany and Austria.

The group formed in 2002 and released their self-titled debut album Vanilla Ninja, containing songs in both English and Estonian, the following year. After their debut single "Club Kung Fu" was released in 2003, the band had many hits in Central Europe, including "Tough Enough", "When the Indians Cry", "Blue Tattoo" and "I Know". They also entered Estonian national selections for the Eurovision Song Contest in 2003 and 2007, failing both times, but proved successful in 2005, when they represented Switzerland with the song "Cool Vibes". The group finished 8th in the Eurovision Song Contest final, despite topping the leader board at the half-way stage. Vanilla Ninja were very popular in their native Estonia and have had a brand of both ice cream and curd snack named after them, marketed exclusively in their homeland due to their celebrity status in Estonia.

The group released five albums in various countries across Europe — Vanilla Ninja was released in 2003, Traces of Sadness in 2004, and Blue Tattoo and Best Of (though not by themselves) in 2005. The group's fourth album, Love is War, was released in May 2006, and Encore was released in October 2021.

The band was originally a four-piece group consisting of Maarja Kivi, Lenna Kuurmaa, Katrin Siska and Piret Järvis. Maarja Kivi left the group in 2004 and was replaced by Triinu Kivilaan. In December 2005 she also left the group to start a solo career and finish school, and the band decided to continue as a three-piece act. Triinu rejoined for their 2021 album 'Encore'. Katrin and Triinu left the band 2022.

2002: Formation
Vanilla Ninja were formed in 2002 as a four-piece girl band. The original line-up consisted of Maarja Kivi (vocals/bass), Lenna Kuurmaa (vocals/guitar), Katrin Siska (vocals/keyboard) and Piret Järvis (vocals/guitar). Although all of the members were effectively vocalists, the main vocalist would often change between Kivi and Kuurmaa. At the time of formation the group's producer was Sven Lõhmus.

Early in 2002 Kivi had participated in Eurolaul, Estonia's Eurovision pre-selection contest, but had finished 7th. Due to her participation in Eurolaul she was chosen to front the band, which subsequently gained some exposure early on in their existence, despite none of the other members having had any previous national success in their career. Kivi had been friends with Kuurmaa for some time before the formation of the group, whilst Järvis and Siska were friends from school.

2003: Eurolaul and debut album
In 2003 the group participated in Estonian ESC preselection Eurolaul 2003. Performing the song "Club Kung Fu" the group proved to be by far the most popular in the phone polls, but unlike other countries, Estonia used a jury to decide the song for Eurovision instead of the televote. The jury, which included figures such as Michael Ball, proved to not share the opinion expressed by the televoters and placed the girls joint bottom of the ten entrants. The participation and popularity of the song, however, helped the group and created exposure for the release of their debut album, Vanilla Ninja, released in May 2003. Containing the original version of the song "Club Kung Fu", along with a drum and bass remix and thirteen new pop-rock tracks in English and Estonian, the album proved to be a success in Estonia and launched the girls into the national mainstream, pushing the group to seek international success in Germany, Switzerland and Austria.

2003/2004: Expansion into Europe and 2nd album
Following a successful debut in Estonia, Vanilla Ninja have launched themselves as a band in three German speaking countries of Europe – Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The girls did not release their debut album or "Club Kung Fu" in these countries, instead opting for a new track called "Tough Enough". Proving to again be a pop-rock track, although with less of a 'novelty' style to it, the song was released in Germany on 8 December 2003, and then later in Austria and Switzerland on 4 January and 8 February 2004 respectively. It proved to be a success, gaining large amounts of airplay on the popular VIVA music video channel, and making the top twenty in both Germany and Austria. The single also featured in the dance mat games "Dance Dance Revolution ULTRAMIX 2" and "In The Groove".

Following the success of their debut single the girls released "Club Kung Fu" in Germany, and then a third single, "Don't Go Too Fast", in both Germany and Austria on 4 and 5 April (and in Switzerland during March, although it missed the top 100). The latter just missed the top twenty in both countries, and was followed up by their second album Traces of Sadness in June 2004. The album included "Tough Enough" and "Don't Go Too Fast", as well as numerous other tracks, such as "When The Indians Cry" and "Liar". It's along with the album track "Metal Queen" have also both featured in the "DrumMania" series of drumming games.

2004: New Bandmember and Eurovision for Switzerland
Despite not having as much chart success in Switzerland as in Austria and Germany, the girls had become increasingly popular with the Swiss public. Their chart performance had also been improving, with the Traces Of Sadness album making #14, but despite that no-one would have expected the shock announcement that the group would represent Switzerland in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest. The Swiss selectors had suffered several years of poor results in the Eurovision, culminating in 'null points' for Piero and the MusicStars in the 2004 semi-final, and so looked to the group due to their popularity in both Switzerland and various other European countries. The announcement angered some people, especially Estonians, who felt that the group should represent their home country and not a country that they have minor connections to. In Switzerland some also opposed the selection, again on the basis that none of the group were Swiss. The selectors responded by stating that the song would still have a Swiss component due to it being mostly written by David Brandes. Ironically, although Brandes was born in Switzerland and went to school there, he is essentially German.

Their selection and participation in the contest was put into jeopardy soon after the announcement, though, after Maarja Kivi left the group due to becoming pregnant with her first child. Her replacement was Triinu Kivilaan, who at the time was only 15 years old. Their participation was put into doubt due to regulations stating that competitors must be at least 16 years old, a rule introduced to eliminate participants such as the 13-year-old 1986 Eurovision winner Sandra Kim. Kivilaan had in fact initially claimed to be 17 years old, but the Swiss selectors doubted this and eventually found out her true birth date was 13 January 1989.

It began to look as if Vanilla Ninja would not represent Switzerland in 2005, but the Swiss selectors decided not to reverse the selection, on the basis that Kivilaan would turn 16 before the contest. There was no danger of the EBU blocking their participation, because their own age rule specified a cut-off date of the contest itself, whereas national selectors could tweak their age regulations to their own liking. This annoyed some, who felt that the selectors had acted in a heavy-handed manner by selecting Vanilla Ninja.

Following the Eurovision selection the group went on to continue their success in Europe, releasing the single "Liar". The single scraped into the top twenty in Germany and Austria, but performed disappointingly in Switzerland (reaching only #43 despite the announcement regarding Eurovision 2005). The following single, however, would prove to be their biggest hit to date and would launch them into the German top ten for the first time.

"When The Indians Cry", their fifth Central European single, would be the group's first slow, soft, ballad-like song. The music video would also be the first to feature Triinu Kivilaan, with previous videos featuring Maarja Kivi. Kivilaan proved to fit into the group well, looking older than her age of 15 and silencing critics who believed she would be out of place in a band with girls all three or more years older than her. Incidentally, one of the reasons that Kivilaan was chosen to replace Kivi was due to their similar appearance, making it easy to mix the two up. The song would be Vanilla Ninja's first ballad, featuring a slow tempo, unlike most previous songs which had been fairly upbeat. It proved to be a hit, reaching #8 in the German charts in September 2004, #7 in the Austrian charts and #27 in the Swiss charts (which had not reacted as expected to their selection for Eurovision).

With the song putting them into the German chart mainstream, and gaining huge airplay on the music video channel VIVA, Vanilla Ninja would begin to become one of the biggest acts in Germany. The follow-up to "When The Indians Cry", a new track called "Blue Tattoo" and in a similar style to their previous release, would also reach the German top ten whilst making the Austrian top twenty and Swiss top thirty.

2005: 3rd album and Eurovision
Following the success of the "Blue Tattoo" single in November and December 2004, the group would take a three-month break from releasing material in order to tour Asia. In 2004 the group had reportedly set an ambitious target of "conquering the world", and the tour proved to be successful in helping them to begin to do that, winning new fans in countries such as Japan, China, Malaysia and Thailand. The group also played a key role in VIVA's 2004 "Your Stars For Christmas" show, singing a re-worded version of "When The Indians Cry" called "Light Of Hope".

In May 2005 the group returned to the charts, releasing a new song called "I Know", which featured a mildly controversial video based around domestic abuse. The song was again successful, peaking at #13 in Germany and #17 in Austria. Two weeks after its release their third album, Blue Tattoo, was released in various European countries and proved to be as successful as the previous album, charting at #4 in Germany and, unsurprisingly (as it included the Eurovision song "Cool Vibes"), Switzerland.

During their hiatus in order to tour Asia the Swiss Eurovision song had been completed and had been announced as being called "Cool Vibes". A short song, in order to comply with Eurovision regulations, the track received mixed response. Many saw it to be a good pop-rock song, but many believed it was not the girls' best, and that it was not the type of song suitable for Eurovision.

The song failed to get off to a good start, though, as the song was banned from the German charts after writer and producer David Brandes was accused of manipulating the charts by buying thousands of copies of his artist's singles. Among the songs he had allegedly bought many copies of were the groups "When The Indians Cry" single, and the German Eurovision entry "Run and Hide" by Gracia. Soon after Gracia was fired by her record company, and the two artists (along with "Virus Incorporation") were banned from the charts for initially three weeks. The girls came out unaffected, although it would be a blow for the songwriter and may have meant the high position of "When The Indians Cry" was helped by the mass-buying of singles by Brandes.

Due to Switzerland getting no points in the semi-final of the 2004 contest, Vanilla Ninja had to compete in the Eurovision semi-final on 19 May 2005. Against artists such as Wig Wam, Luminita Anghel and Zdob şi Zdub the competition was difficult, but the group progressed to the final and were given good odds of 10/1 for winning the contest. The group's performance in the final on 21 May was, according to some, not as good as it could have been, although those criticising the performance also criticised the song (believing a song similar to "When The Indians Cry" or even "Club Kung Fu" would have been better).

In the voting, however, the group did well in the early stages. Despite not representing their native Estonia, their home country responded well and gave the group the full 12 points (Estonia's entry, Suntribe's "Let's Get Loud", had been eliminated in the semi-final). Latvia also gave the group 12 points, whilst Germany rather surprisingly only gave them four. Austrian voters were even less impressed by the performance, not giving any points to the group at all.

Despite leading at the one-third stage, Vanilla Ninja eventually slipped down the leader board and finished 8th. The result allowed Switzerland to achieve their best result for years and automatic qualification for next year's final, but for the group it was a disappointment considering their popularity and good odds for winning the contest.

Post-Eurovision, split from Brandes and fourth/fifth album
On 12 June 2005 the group released "Cool Vibes" in Switzerland, the single charting at number 17. Despite failing to make the top ten, a surprise as the girls represented Switzerland, the release became their best-placed Swiss single release yet. The single was not released in Germany initially, possibly due to the April 2005 allegations that David Brandes manipulated the chart placing of several of his songs, including "When The Indians Cry" by Vanilla Ninja, which resulted in a short ban from the charts for the group. However, on 2 July, the single charted in Germany at the comparatively poor position of #42, and in Austria at #70.

In a May 2005 interview with The Baltic Times, the group attempted to distance themselves from the pop music genre. Piret Järvis told the newspaper that the group "started out with a pop-rock style of music". The band also claimed that their music is gradually become heavier and more typical of the rock genre.

Following the arguably disappointing performance of the "Cool Vibes" single, the group stopped releasing singles from their Blue Tattoo album, instead concentrating on touring commitments. By the second half of 2005 it would become clear that the group was starting to have problems with their record label, Bros Music, and their manager David Brandes. Since moving from the TopTen label the group had suffered from problems such as the scandal of Brandes buying their singles in bulk to boost chart positions, with the label also suffering problems (such as being 'booted out' of the Sony BMG Music Entertainment group). The problems escalated toward the end of 2005 when the girls parted company with Bros Music and Brandes, moving to the EMI-owned Capitol Music label. According to press releases from the group's new management, their relationship with Bros Music and Brandes is now "hostile", and any future affiliation with their former manager is therefore unlikely. Brandes himself has claimed that their career "is over", and that their new management company are "amateurs".

After leaving Bros Music, the group began work on what was intended to be their fourth album. Bros Music, however, released a ninth single, "Megamix", in December 2005, along with a "greatest hits" album Best Of. According to the girls, they were not consulted about the release of the single or the album, with Järvis asking fans to not buy either release. This, along with the lack of promotion on Bros part, made both the single and album a flop (the single only made the lower reaches of the Swiss and German charts, failing to make the Austrian Top 100 at all, with the album making #70 in Switzerland and failing to chart elsewhere). The band's not knowing about the releases was further backed up by 2004 promotional photos being used for the CD covers, with Maarja Kivi appearing, despite leaving the group over a year beforehand. Kivi's appearance has also been claimed by some to be clever promotion on the part of Brandes, as Kivi is now signed to Bros as a solo artist.

Shortly after the failure of their uncommissioned single and album releases, the group announced that Triinu Kivilaan was leaving the group, with Kuurmaa, Siska and Järvis continuing as a trio. According to the remaining members of Vanilla Ninja, Kivilaan left because of the stress of being in the group, and to concentrate on her studies. Some have still, however, suggested that her leaving may have simply been down to a lack of vocal talent, or due to a rift with the other members. Despite rumours suggesting Kivi might be rejoining the group, it seems that the group will not be adding a fourth member again.

The group released their first original single for almost a year in April 2006, with "Dangerzone" seeing the girls retain their pop-rock sound from previous albums. The single charted on 7 May 2006 in Switzerland, peaking at #18, with the release in Germany placing one position higher. The Austrian release would also make #23, suggesting that the group is likely to continue the success that Traces of Sadness and Blue Tattoo had in Central Europe. Meanwhile, the girl's fifth album Love is War is expected to be released in the near future.

The group is extremely popular in their native Estonia, with the girls seen as a-list celebrities in the Baltic countries. The three members are also seen as something of sex symbols in their homeland, with a 2006 poll by the Estonian magazine Kroonika voting Piret Järvis the country's most attractive female. The top five of the poll also featured Siska (2nd) and Kuurmaa (4th). Kivilaan was not included, despite being a former model.

Eurolaul 2007
Vanilla Ninja participated in Eurolaul 2007, the Estonian preselection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2007, with the song "Birds of Peace". Their song placed 4th.

Viña del Mar Festival 2008
Broken Records International S.A. founder, Héctor Faune, tried to contact Vanilla Ninja with no success, until two Polish fans (Tomek & Yo – Tomek), from the site love-ninjas gave to Faune Lenna's direct contact, so he could propose to the band the idea to participate in the Viña del Mar International Song Festival 2008, representing their native Estonia.

This festival is the most important of this category in Latin America, girls participated with their power ballad "Birds of Peace", and they won the "Silver Seagull" which is the maximum trophy of the Festival and ten thousand dollars as the Best Performers / Interpreters of the festival contest.

Vanilla Ninja recording a Per Gessle song
Vanilla Ninja's 2008 single "Crashing Through the Doors" was written by Per Gessle from Roxette with lyrics by Piret and Lenna. Broken Records International put the Vanilla Ninja girls in contact with Per Gessle himself, who was glad to cooperate. The song peaked at #2 in Estonian charts.

Recent period
On 27 November 2020, after not releasing an album for almost 14 years, Katrin Siska posted on her facebook page that they will be releasing a new album in 2021, with Triinu re-joining the group. That album has been released and is called 'Encore'.

In March 2022, Kerli Kivilaan, younger sister of Triinu Kivilaan, joined the group

Music videos
Vanilla Ninja have made music videos for all of the singles they have released, although some have proved to be more popular than others. The first music video to feature Triinu Kivilaan was "When The Indians Cry", with previous videos featuring the now departed Maarja Kivi. "When The Indians Cry", along with "Tough Enough" and "Blue Tattoo" have been the most successful of Vanilla Ninja's videos, in terms of airplay, to date. The video for "Cool Vibes" is the most recent of their videos to gain airplay, featuring regularly on Central European Video Channels throughout June and July 2005.

All of the girls' videos have been extremely popular on German video channels, gaining airplay mainly on the popular music channel VIVA. The feat of airplay on VIVA is even more impressive because, from late 2003 until late 2005, the girls were signed to Bros Records, distributed by Sony BMG Music, when the station has been exposed as being biased for the airplay of artists signed to rival record company Universal.

Vanilla Ninja received a considerable amount of bad publicity for their "Cool Vibes" video, which seemingly stole material from Deine Lakaien's video for their single "Mindmachine". There is currently no proof that the band members of Vanilla Ninja knew about the alleged stolen material. That is because the video was produced in a phase of separation from David Brandes and he alone did the production for the video.

Discography
Studio albums
 * Vanilla Ninja (2003)
 * Traces of Sadness (2004)
 * Blue Tattoo (2005)
 * Love Is War (2006)
 * Encore (2021)

Awards and nominations

 * style="text-align:center;"|2006
 * rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;"|Vanilla Ninja
 * Best Baltic Act at MTV European Music Awards
 * Nominated
 * Nominated

Band Members
Current Lineup
 * Lenna Kuurmaa – vocals, guitar (2002–2009; 2019–present)
 * Piret Järvis – guitar, vocals (2002–2009; 2019–present)
 * Kerli Kivilaan (2022-present)

Former
 * Maarja Kivi – vocals, bass (2002–2004)
 * Katrin Siska – keyboards, synthesizers (2002–2009; 2019–2022)
 * Triinu Kivilaan – bass, vocals (2004–2005, 2020–2022)

title: Vanilla Ninja


text:
Pál Kadosa

Pál Kadosa (6 September 1903, Léva, Austria-Hungary (now Levice, Slovakia) – 30 March 1983, Budapest) was a pianist and Hungarian composer of the post-Bartók generation. His early style was influenced by Hungarian folklore while his later works were more toward Hindemith and expressively forceful idioms. He was born in Levice. He studied at the national Hungarian Royal Academy of Music under Zoltán Székely and Zoltán Kodály. He was appointed to the faculty of the Fodor School in 1927 where he taught until 1943 when he was forced out due to wartime political issues.

In 1945 he joined the faculty of the Franz Liszt Academy where he taught, eventually becoming head of the piano department, until his death in 1983. His students included such leading musicians as György Ligeti, György Kurtág, Iván Erőd, Ferenc Rados, Arpad Joó, András Schiff, Zoltán Kocsis, Dezső Ránki, Valéria Szervánszky, Ronald Cavaye, Jenő Jandó, Kenji Watanabe, István Kassai, and Balázs Szokolay, among others..

Kadosa served on the Hungarian Arts Council and become an honorary member of the Royal Academy of Music. Kadosa's work included two operas, eight symphonies, four sonatas, and six concertos.

title: Pál Kadosa


text:
User:Tropsy

List of articles I've created or made important contributions to:

 * David and Lisa

title: User:Tropsy


text: Talk:Pál Kadosa

title: Talk:Pál Kadosa


text: User talk:84.133.94.13

title: User talk:84.133.94.13


text:
Talk:Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America

I removed the following from the Baptist Peace Fellowship article and am pasting it here for now. Steve evidently wants all to know that he is a supporter. - Rlvaughn 23:06, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * "Let it be known that Steve Broadwell is a strong supporter of the BPFNA. He is proud to be associated with the only group of baptists that openly voted for John Kerry."

Hi, Rlvaughn,

Wanted to catch you up: this is Steve Broadwell just over ten years later. Still going strong, and I thought you should know that I'm still proud to be associated with these same baptists, and John Kerry, too, I think... Get at your boy.

~Psticko

Glen Stassen
My memory is vague here, but I do remember that Harold Stassen was the President of the American Baptist Churches. Was Glen Stassen the father of or the son of (or in some other familial relationship to) Harold Stassen?

--MaxHund July 6, 2005 08:50 (UTC)

Mennonites
Are not Mennonites considered to be part of the Anabaptist movement and therefore invited to be participants in the BPF ... or at least have a link to the Anabaptists today section of the above article?

--MaxHund July 6, 2005 08:50 (UTC) (a Baptist PK who became a Quaker)

 * The Mennonites are indeed part of the Anabaptist tradition. However, the Baptist churches are historically linked to the English Separatist movement of the 16th century.  Interestingly, John Smyth (who founded the Baptist church in England) moved away from him Baptist views and sought to join the Mennonite church.  He died before doing so, but many of his early followers did.  68.113.47.11 (talk) 21:59, 25 January 2008 (UTC)

Other Christian Peace Fellowships
Wouldn't it be relevant to include the other Christian Peace Fellowships as external links? such as ,,, , , and.

--MaxHund July 6, 2005 08:50 (UTC)

 * I would think a reasonable approach would be to write brief (or longer as one is led and able) but encyclopedic articles on each of these groups for Wikipedia, and to create a category (or even so that pages on similar non-Christian groups such as the Muslim Peace Fellowship could be included). Then each group's own website could be linked to where it was immediately relevant (External Links lists on any given page should be kept short, they say). I may do just this one of these days if none of you beat me to the punch... but by all means do, "one of these days" is sometimes a long long time. --Haruo 17:34, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060208063716/http://www.bpfna.org:80/about to http://www.bpfna.org/about
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060418050059/http://www.cpt.org:80/annreport/2004/YearinReview2004.php to http://cpt.org/annreport/2004/YearinReview2004.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:26, 25 October 2016 (UTC)


text: User talk:64.21.53.218

title: User talk:64.21.53.218


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gibbs

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete - Ta bu shi da yu 06:03, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Can not be deleted to block-revision compression errors. -- AllyUnion (talk) 03:35, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Gibbs
An entry for the username of someone who was apparently the "most well-known" English player during "the first year" of Final Fantasy XI Online. This does not strike me as particularly encyclopedic. Katefan0 23:07, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete. Vanity, not notable. — Brim 10:08, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Likewise. — Albany45 16:47, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as above Saga City 21:50, Feb 18, 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gibbs


text: User talk:68.80.92.68

title: User talk:68.80.92.68


text:
User talk:Bheegay mausam

'''

bheegay mausam main rehna acha lagta hay, yeh Allah key taraf say aik azeem tohfa hay.
'''

title: User talk:Bheegay mausam


text:
Talk:Rome: Total War

Gameguide
I added the gameguide tag. There's way too much stuff about in-game and gameplay minutiae. It really has to be trimmed down. The Factions, Family, Agents and Mercenaries sections need to be reduced to a single section. SharkD (talk) 22:55, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

Remove Historical Inaccuracies section
As a casual reader of the article I would expect the "Historical Inaccuracies" section to contain a description of various specific inaccuracies in the game, but instead find it's a quick paragraph stating the fact that it's not historically accurate (with a lot of non-neutral negative qualities applied and surrounded by quotation marks) with a sourced statement only acknowledging that "it could have been better."

An actual list of inaccuracies is on this page but for some mundane WP/rules reason it isn't in the article?? The way it is now, the section should just be deleted outright or merged into a reception section. --64.149.45.154 (talk) 00:08, 15 February 2009 (UTC)

It should not be deleted. Some time ago the entire list was voted out of the article since I found sources but my attempt was overruled because I used sources given by Wikipedia articles. It is the archives somewhere. However, I see that the section is already deleted. There are sources that Rome: Total War is historically inaccurate. Just google. Mallerd (talk) 11:19, 19 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I doubt the section is really needed, while yes the game does contain many historical inaccuracies, the game never stated that it was made to be fully historically accurate. If there are reviewers that have mentioned historical inaccuracies then their comments should be added to the Reception section. QueenCake (talk) 17:46, 19 April 2009 (UTC)

See archive. Mallerd (talk) 20:14, 19 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Mallerd is talking about Talk:Rome:_Total_War/Archive2 (which Mallerd pasted back here in case QueenCake hadn't read it, but we can just link to it). --McGeddon (talk) 09:19, 27 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I read it, I did not see any reason the discussion should be brought up again. The section is not needed. QueenCake (talk) 18:48, 27 May 2009 (UTC)

Factions
Ok, the guidelines for video game articles clearly state in WP:VGSCOPE that Lists of gameplay items, weapons, or concepts, which includes faction lists, are unnecessary in a wikipedia article and should be concisely presented in prose form. They also state that a video game article should not be either a Strategy guides and walkthroughs, as Wikipedia is not a guide. Other Total War articles that include factions lists are poorly written and breaking policies, if in doubt look at the discussion on the Empire: Total war talk page. Cheers QueenCake (talk) 16:41, 30 March 2009 (UTC)

If the goal of an article is to provide information then information should be thorough. The factions section was not providing a pointless list of factions it was provided information about the different factions in the game. The section did not include anything other then a brief informational description of the factions in the game. You may interperet the guidlines anyway you want but just because one person doesnt like something doesnt mean that the section should be changed. There is no point in downgrading the information provided by an article. I do agree that the section is largely uneccessary and i am working on a revision.LegendLiver (talk) 19:16, 30 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Umm I'm not quite sure what you are trying to say there, the information on the factions was far too detailed, even including information on what the factions would likely do in a campaign. Though if you decided that information was largely unnecessary then feel free to work on a better revision of the article. QueenCake (talk) 16:45, 31 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Im going to post the edited version. If you want to edit the new version you can but i think i removed most of the unnecessary information. LegendLiver (talk) 01:22, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

 * The revision you posted still contains info not required in an article for a video game, a brief description of factions and how they operate is all that's needed, video game articles should include more information on different game play features, the campaign mode and the battle map in this case. Faction lists are just too in detail and violate the guidelines, clearly shown on the Article guidelines. QueenCake (talk) 16:45, 2 April 2009 (UTC)
 * As a kind of comparison, if you look at the Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings featured article, the game to has many different civilisations to choose from but the article focuses on a brief overview of their abilities and purpose, concentrating on the overall gameplay. Being a featured article, that article is an example of what all video games should ultimately be. Also I think its best if any further reversions are discussed here, rather than starting a possible edit war. QueenCake (talk) 17:37, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

I reversed previous changes and supplied an exhaustive list of factions, as, after all, the purpose of the article is to inform. To the extent of my knowledge, the previous list wasn;t even entirely correct. DRAC250 (talk) 14:04, 4 August 2009 (UTC)

This section was often edited by history freaks who can't seperate game from history. They were constantly editing Egypt into the Greek section which, yes was historically true, but the game states otherwise. I think the article is better of without such a list just for such reasons. Mallerd (talk) 11:23, 19 April 2009 (UTC)

What if someone added links for addition information in a Additional Information section? At the TWCenter, for example, there is more information on the factions, and other things such as mods. If we posted links, we could at least redirect researchers to a place that allows a more detailed overview of factions. Chorrol07 (talk) 22:55, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

Yeah, I see that a lot these days. I believe there is a BioShock wiki as well. That's a featured article as well. There you go :) Mallerd (talk) 07:04, 27 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Tell users to go wherever you want, as long as they know where to get the info no one will complain they can not read about it here. QueenCake (talk) 18:50, 27 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Since the section entitled Factions, at the time of this edit, offers only a limited information (a listing of the factions, whether they are playable or unlock-able and a little hack) I have added a link to the twcenter which offers more detailed information regarding the factions (including starting position, victory conditions and available units). Although another user mentioned this possibility I didn't saw any existing twcenter links. Amon Koth (talk) 20:21, 19 May 2010 (UTC)

Unneeded information
Seems to me the historical battles and the modifications sections aren't really needed? Maybe I'm wrong. Muskeato 22:54, 15 July 2010 (UTC)

Agreed, i'm removing the mod list, and adding a little more to the historical battles part; it's quite a big part of the game to be able to replay historical and famous battles. -Evaristé93 (talk) 11:31, 12 August 2010 (UTC)

picture
got a nice noob-box on this screenshot: File:Hellenicphalanx.JPG lol —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.207.240.73 (talk) 17:17, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

"game guide"
Personally I feel we could remove the game guide tag on this article. Opinions? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Muskeato (talk • contribs) 22:06, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Yea, i agree.-Evaristé93 (talk) 11:43, 8 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Right, it's been like 3 weeks, no one's had any input, so i've removed it. -Evaristé93 (talk) 02:32, 27 September 2010 (UTC)

Hellenicphalanx.JPG
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hellenicphalanx.JPG I don't think it's a very good picture for demonstrating gameplay, nor the large unit scale. Anyone think it should be replaced with a better picture? By "better", i reckon something with a large amount of units on the field with some variety, not all crammed into one space (who even plays like that?)-Evaristé93 (talk) 02:37, 27 September 2010 (UTC) lol I play like that, it's a perfectly fine picture. 81.68.255.36 (talk) 15:44, 14 October 2010 (UTC)

File:Family Traits.JPG Nominated for speedy Deletion

 * Indented line

Unplayable factions
It lists factions that are unplayable but all of these with the exception of the S.P.Q.R are available if they are moved under the 'playable' section in the faction file. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Quintus Petronius Augustus (talk • contribs) 22:15, 8 December 2012 (UTC)

 * That's covered in the article's "modifications" section. Huon (talk) 23:22, 8 December 2012 (UTC)

Use of the US dating system
I propose that this article should change date formats to DMY from MDY. The MDY format (magenta) is only used by the US and this game has no strong national connection or tie to the US. The vast majority of the world (including the developers country, Britain) uses the DMY format and Wikipedia is an international platform (as should represent as such). Also the game's setting is in Europe, the vast majority of which uses the DMY setting. Essentially I see no reason why the article should use the date format of the US, when there is much more justification for another system. See also: Date format by country. Helper201 (talk) 19:32, 10 August 2017 (UTC)
 * As discussed on your user talk page, the developer's nationality does not constitute a strong national tie to justify changing an article's variety of date/English, and there's nothing about the game's setting that constitutes a strong national tie to a variety of English/date either... The standard is to retain the existing formatting unless there is a reason for it to be changed. You've expressed now in multiple places that you don't think MDY belongs on WP. Individual articles are the wrong place to have that debate. czar  22:54, 10 August 2017 (UTC)

 * What constitutes a strong national tie is clearly up for debate within the context of what is being edited (depending on the page and / or subject), hence why I have taken this to talk. Also I never said MDY does not belong on Wikipedia, I said it does not belong to articles that have no strong national ties to the US and that it is far over used on pages that have little to no relevance to that country, especially considering the vast majority of the world does not use this format and that Wikipedia is an international platform. Please give me the link to wherever you believe this is best discussed. Also please try not to deny someone just because its the rules and maintain the status quo, just because its the status quo. That is one reason why talk is here, to discuss the rules, whether or not changes meets those rules, applicability, exemptions etc. You have been the only one opposing these changes. Wikipedia should be about discussion and I've seen my points mostly ignored and just met with "because its the rules". This does not help Wikipedia. Ignore all rules. You Can't Follow All The Rules, All The Time. Helper201 (talk) 02:20, 13 August 2017 (UTC)

Android port
I work for Feral Interactive, the company responsible for porting ROME to macOS, Linux, and mobile. My conflict of interest is disclosed in my bio and my edits are intended to ensure factual correctness. I understand that editors of this page may not wish me to make edits due to my conflict of interest.

Feral Interactive today announced that an Android port of ROME: Total War will be released in winter 2019. The current line about Feral's work in the introductory paragraph reads:

''"The Mac OS X version was released on 5 February 2010 by Feral Interactive, who released the iPad version on November 10, 2016, and the iPhone version on August 23, 2018." ''

We suggest the addition of:

''"Feral have also announced that an Android port of the game will be released in winter 2018." ''

Feral steph (talk) 17:21, 7 November 2018 (UTC)

How to handle mods in article?
There has been some editing back and forth regarding mods for Rome Total war. I think the article would be improved by a short reference to the most notable mods, but at the same time, they have not been focused on in Wikipedia's reliable sources (TM). I think Arma 2 and Counter-Strike: Source did it nicely, but no RTW mods have received as much attention as the ones mentioned there. How to we handle mods for RTW? I saw some sources, e.g. PC Gamer, included one or two RTW mods in a best mods for total war compilation. I also notice that some mods have their own Wikipedia article, but I think they are illegitmate --Orubblig (talk) 04:50, 25 June 2022 (UTC)
 * I added a couple of sentences with the few reliable sources I could find.--Orubblig (talk) 18:26, 26 June 2022 (UTC)

Choosing references
When choosing references for this article, please look on Google Books, or use WP functions. There are ~40 citations on this page, most of which do not follow WP:RS because they are either: Thank you for your co-operation. JacobTheRox (talk ) 19:27, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
 * From someone clearly affiliated with the game, and trying to make it look good.
 * A random tiny website where anyone can write what they want.

title: Talk:Rome: Total War


text:
Shirley Plantation

Shirley Plantation is an estate on the north bank of the James River in Charles City County, Virginia. It is located on scenic byway State Route 5, between Richmond and Williamsburg. It is the oldest active plantation in Virginia, settled in 1613 and is also the oldest family-owned business in North America, when it was acquired by the Hill family, with operations starting in 1638. White indentured servants were initially used as the main labor force until the early 1700s, when black slavery became the primary source of labor. It used about 70 to 90 African slaves at a time for plowing the fields, cleaning, childcare, and cooking. It was added to the National Register in 1969 and declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970. After the acquisition, rebranding, and merger of Tuttle Farm in Dover, New Hampshire, Shirley Plantation received the title of the oldest business continuously operating in the United States.

History
The lands of Shirley Plantation were first settled by Europeans in 1613 by Sir Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr and were named West and Sherley Hundred, probably because this Lord Delaware's wife Cessalye was the daughter of Sir Thomas Sherley (variant spellings being common at the time). Several years later, John Rolfe wrote A True Relation of the State of Virginia left by Sir Thomas Dale Knight in May last 1616. He named it one of six European settlements in the colony and noted that Captain Isaac Maddeson commanded 25 laborers and farmers "ymployed only in planting and curing 'Tobacco', with the profit thereof to cloth themselves, and all those who labor about the generall Busyne" [sic]. It survived the native American uprising of March 22, 1622 relatively unscathed, and became the westernmost settlement on the north side of the James River for a while. The tobacco was shipped within the colonies and to England. A report in 1623 found the West and Sherlow Hundred had 45 men, women, and children, with an additional 24 (including Francis West) at the "Iland" (modern Eppes Island in the James River, visible from the manor house).

In 1638, Edward Hill acquired part of this land, thus beginning the occupation by the Hill family, understood to be the same family as Sir Rowland Hill of Soulton, publisher of the Geneva Bible.

Edward Hill's original 450 acre plot was expanded by marriage and gradual land acquisition. In 1660, Hill patented 2476 acre in Charles City County, including the 416 acre island. When he died several years later, the land passed to Edward Hill II, who continued as owner during Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. One of these men built the Hill House, the first mansion at Shirley, which was torn down c. 1870. The younger Hill sided with Governor William Berkeley, and Bacon's rebels plundered the property, perhaps in part because the King's commissioners who later examined the rebellion found him to be "the most hated man of all the county where he lived". Hill was also the subject of the "Charles City Grievances" of May 10, 1677, which accused him of misappropriating county taxes for his own use.

His son Edward Hill III inherited the property in 1700 and continued its plantation economy. However, Edward Hill III's only son, Edward Hill IV, died at 16 of consumption, leaving no male heirs and only three sisters. Edward Hill III died in 1726, and his will bequeathed Shirley plantation to his youngest daughter, Elizabeth, who had married John Carter (eldest son of Robert "King" Carter) in October 1723. When he died in 1742, his widow remarried Bowler Cocke, who represented nearby Henrico County and helped raise the heir, future burgess, and patriot Charles Hill Carter (1732–1806).

The construction of the present mansion and outbuildings began c. 1723. The mansion, called the "Great House", was completed in 1738 and was located close to the original house built by the Hills that became known as the "Hill House". In 1868, owners signed a contract to demolish the Hill House and use its salvaged building materials to construct the mansion at Upper Shirley.

At least eight generations of the Hill Carter family have occupied the house since 1738. Anne Hill Carter was born at Shirley, who on June 18, 1793, married Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee in the mansion's parlor. The couple were later parents of Confederate General Robert E. Lee.

The plantation used enslaved people to cultivate cash crops, particularly after the mid-17th century when the flow of indentured servants from England became very few. According to the first Virginia tax census following the American Revolutionary War, in 1787, Charles Hill Carter owned 67 enslaved people above age 16 at Shirley Plantation and another 67 younger enslaved people, along with 16 horses and 70 cattle; and he owned another 16 enslaved adults and 22 enslaved children and additional livestock at his Long Bridge plantation in the same county. In the 19th century, an annual staff of between 70 and 90 enslaved Africans were forced to labor on the plantation, including plowing the fields, cleaning, and cooking.

In 1866, Charles Hill Carter's son and heir, Hill Carter, was forced to retire and divide his estate after he lost the free labor of enslaved people, with the bulk of the estate (the current Shirley Plantation) bequeathed to his son, Robert, and the 'Upper Shirley' portion bequeathed to William Fitzhugh Carter. Upper Shirley is now home to Upper Shirley Vineyards.

The house was placed on the National Register in 1969 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1970. In mid-1979 and mid-1980, teams of archaeologists from the College of William and Mary excavated the site of Hill house, the slave quarters constructed c. 1843, and indigenous settlements predating European colonization. The upper floors are occupied by members of the eleventh generation of the Hill Carter family, while the bottom floor is open for tours.

Architecture
The three-story "Great House" is constructed in the Georgian style with red brick walls and white trim boards on a square foundation. The house has no actual front door, as both the riverside and courtyard side entrances have a two-story portico with Doric columns supporting a pediment. The entrance is in the center, framed by a pair of long rectangular windows on either side. Inside the main hall, the house's famous carved walnut "floating" or "flying" cantilevered staircase rises for three stories without visible means of support and is the only one of its kind in America. The hipped roof rests on an entablature containing dentil moldings. Dormers and two large brick chimneys break up the roof. In the center of the roof is a white pedestal supporting an overturned pineapple.

The house is surrounded by several support buildings, including a two-story kitchen with living quarters for the enslaved Africans, a two-story laundry with living quarters, a smokehouse, a stable building, an ice house, a large storehouse, and a dovecote.

Criticism
A 1989 article criticized the failure of tour guides to discuss the historical existence of slavery and oppression on the estate. In it, then owner Helle Carter said she was most concerned about the "proud" local heritage while trying not to "step on anybody's toes", leaving visiting children to ask basic questions like "Where are the slave quarters? What did the slaves do?"

title: Shirley Plantation


text:
John B. Ogden

John B. Ogden (July 3, 1812 in Cumberland County, New Jersey - after 1889 probably Crawford County, Arkansas) was an Arkansas judge.

Early life
John B. Ogden was the son of Col John B. Ogden and Sarah Buck. His father died in 1813 from the effects of a wound received during the War of 1812. His mother Sarah (Buck) Ogden died in 1873. John B. Ogden was an only child. At 17 years old, he began the study of law.

Career
In 1843, he came to Van Buren, Crawford County, Arkansas where he lived the rest of his life. In 1856, he was made a United States Commissioner of the District Court, Western District of Arkansas, which also included all of the district of the Indian Territory (now Oklahoma), an office he held until after the Civil War.

He was the judge who presided over the evidentiary hearing against Parley P. Pratt, the famous Mormon apostle, on 12 May 1857, and acquitted him. A short time after his release, Parley was murdered by Hector McLean, James Cornell and Amasa Howell in front of the Winn farm near Alma, Crawford Co, Arkansas.

In 1866, John B. Ogden was appointed Assistant United States District Attorney for the Western District of the State (of Arkansas) and held that position until 1871 or 1872.

Personal life
In 1835, he married (probably in Louisville, Kentucky) to Jane Sibley (1817–1866), daughter of Gen. John Sibley of New Jersey.

In 1868, he married Mrs. Susan H Wing (née Barron) of Saint Charles, Missouri.

John B. Ogden, Lawyer, was alive in 1889 living in Van Buren, Crawford Co, Arkansas at the time Goodspeed made his famous biographies of that area.

title: John B. Ogden


text:
Westover Plantation

Westover Plantation is a historic colonial tidewater plantation located on the north bank of the James River in Charles City County, Virginia. Established in c. 1730–1750, it is the homestead of the Byrd family of Virginia. State Route 5, a scenic byway, runs east–west to the north of the plantation, connecting the independent cities of Richmond and Williamsburg.

The plantation has been designated as a National Historic Landmark in the United States, cited for the architectural quality of its early Georgian mansion house and the history of its influential family. In the early years of the Virginia colony, the plantation was one of the sites of the courts of Charles City County.

History
Sir John Pawlett, by deeds of lease and release, demised most of Westover Plantation in 1665 to Theodorick Bland of Westover for £170. Bland lived on the property until his death in 1671 and was buried in the chancel of the original Westover Church, which he helped build. His eldest son, Theodorick, inherited the land and joined with his brother, Richard, in its ownership. The brothers eventually conveyed 1,200 acres of the property to William Byrd I in 1688 for £300 and 10,000 pounds of tobacco and cask.

The plantation is notable for its 18th-century and later history. The mansion, Westover Plantation, was built in the Georgian style. It was considered the seat of the William Byrd family in Virginia. William Byrd II, the founder of Richmond, was thought to have built the mansion c. 1730. This date was part of the 1960 designation of the house as a National Historic Landmark.

But, since the late 20th century, recent dendrochronologic testing on boards and planks in the house showed that they dated to the 1750s. The house was thus probably built and first occupied by William Byrd III, not his father. The revised construction date has been recognized by the National Park Service.

Like the other plantations along the James River, Westover was first devoted to the cultivation of tobacco, the major commodity of colonial Tidewater Virginia. The Byrd family depended on the labor of hundreds of enslaved Africans, as tobacco was a labor-intensive crop. The original grounds included slave quarters. In addition to working as field hands, other slaves worked as domestic servants and skilled artisans of many types. Tobacco cultivation exhausted the soil and, pushed also by changes in markets, in the 19th century planters shifted to mixed crops, which were less labor-intensive. As development of the Deep South ensued, planters in the Upper South sold "excess" slaves in the domestic slave trade, which continued to the Civil War.

During the American Civil War, Westover was used as headquarters of the Union Fifth Corps and one of the wings burned during this time. After the death of William Byrd III's widow in 1814, Westover was sold out of the Byrd family. Since then, Westover has had three subsequent owners, including lawyer John Armistead Selden (a member of the Selden family and the Lee family), whose detailed diaries of daily life at Westover remain in publication as a popular primary source on the economic and cultural history of nineteenth-century Virginian agriculture, and Confederate Army officer Augustus Harrison Drewry. Drewry, who is best known for commanding the gun batteries of Fort Darling during Battle of Drewry's Bluff in 1862, lived at Westover until his death in 1899 and made many changes; including rebuilding the burned wing, connecting the dependencies and enlarging the dining room so that it ran the depth of the house.

In the early 20th century, Westover was acquired by United States diplomat Richard Teller Crane, II, who restored the mansion and grounds. It has remained in the Crane family ever since. The site was damaged by Hurricane Isabel in 2003. Ten feet of riverbank, a 250-year-old road, and a 150-year-old poplar from the south lawn were eroded into the river during the storm.

Architecture
The house is noteworthy for its symmetry and balance of proportions, secret passages, mid pack gardens, front door, and its Georgian style (which was inspired by the Governor's Palace in Williamsburg, Virginia). The grounds and garden are open to the public from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily, and you can tour the mansion with an appointment.

Popular culture
The exterior of Westover was used in the pilot episode of "The West Wing" as the home of fictional White House Chief of Staff Leo McGarry.

The plantation was a set location in every season of AMC's Revolutionary War drama series “Turn” (2014-2017). It was also featured in the HBO miniseries “John Adams” (2008) and, most recently, in the film “The Field of Lost Shoes" (2014).

title: Westover Plantation


text:
Naxos (disambiguation)

Naxos is a Greek island.

Naxos may also refer to:

Places

 * Greece
 * Naxos (city), a town and former municipality on the island of Naxos
 * Naxos (regional unit), a Greek government division
 * Naxos and Lesser Cyclades, one of two municipalities within the regional unit
 * Naxos Island National Airport
 * Duchy of Naxos (Duchy of the Archipelago), a maritime state created by the Venetians between 1207–1579
 * Naxos (Crete), an ancient Greek city in Crete

 * Italy
 * Naxos (Sicily), an ancient Greek city in Sicily
 * Giardini Naxos, a modern city on the site of the above

Battles

 * Siege of Naxos (499 BC), an engagement in the Cyclades during the Greco-Persian Wars
 * Siege of Naxos (490 BC), an engagement in the Cyclades during the Greco-Persian Wars
 * Battle of Naxos (376 BC), an engagement in the Cyclades during the Boeotian War

Music

 * Naxos (company), a music and audio publishing company
 * Naxos Quartets, a series of string quartets by Peter Maxwell Davies
 * Ariadne auf Naxos, an opera by Richard Strauss

Other

 * Naxos (mythology), eponym of the island Naxos
 * Naxos disease, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
 * Naxos radar detector, a German World War II countermeasure

title: Naxos (disambiguation)


text: User talk:212.5.195.43

title: User talk:212.5.195.43


text:
Buck Shelford

Sir Wayne Thomas "Buck" Shelford (born 13 December 1957) is a former New Zealand rugby union footballer and coach who represented and captained New Zealand (the All Blacks) in the late 1980s. He is also credited with revitalising the performance of the All Blacks' traditional "Ka Mate" haka.

In August 2021, it was announced that he would appear in the 2021 season of Celebrity Treasure Island 2021.

Career
After playing for Western Heights High School First XV, Shelford was selected for the Bay of Plenty Secondary Schools and Auckland age grade sides, and made his Auckland provincial debut in 1982. Shelford enlisted in the Royal New Zealand Navy as a physical training instructor (PTI), and during this time also played rugby for the Navy team. In 1985, when the North Harbour Rugby Union was created, he moved with it as his club side was a member. This was the same year he was first selected for the All Blacks, for the later abandoned South Africa tour.

Shelford's first game for the All Blacks was against Club Atlético San Isidro in Buenos Aires on 12 October 1985. He then joined the unauthorised Cavaliers' tour of South Africa in 1986, which included 28 of the 30 players selected for the original tour.

Shelford made his Test debut for the All Blacks later that year against France in a 19–7 victory in Toulouse, and then was a notable victim of the infamous "Battle of Nantes" in the second Test. Roughly 20 minutes into the match, he was caught at the bottom of a rather aggressive ruck, and a French boot kicked his groin, ripping his scrotum and leaving one testicle hanging free. He also lost four teeth in the process. After discovering the injury to his scrotum, he calmly asked the physiotherapist to stitch up the tear and returned to the field before a blow to his head left him concussed. He was substituted and watched the remainder of the game from the grandstand where he witnessed the All Blacks lose 16–3.

In 1987, the first Rugby World Cup was held in New Zealand. Shelford played in five of the six All Blacks games and was a member of the team that won the final against France 29–9. He was involved in an incident during the semi-final match against Wales that saw Huw Richards become the first player to be sent off in the tournament. Richards had punched the All Black lock Gary Whetton after a loose scrum and Shelford reacted in defence of his team mate, landing a blow that knocked Richards to the ground. Shelford escaped punishment while Richards left the field.

Shelford took over as All Black captain after the World Cup, first captaining the side during the 1987 tour of Japan. During his captaincy from 1987 to 1990, the All Blacks did not lose a game, only drawing once against Australia in 1988.

Upon becoming captain, Shelford brought his teammates to Te Aute College, a Māori school, to see the students perform a traditional haka. Although the All Blacks had been performing the haka at the start of their matches since the team's inception, it was Shelford who taught them the proper way to perform the "Ka Mate" haka. Shelford has said that the All Blacks had previously done the haka in a way that showed little understanding or training, and with the support of a former All Black, Hika Reid, stressed the importance of correctly learning the tikanga, words and actions, noting that the key was getting the European members of the team to embrace the change. The All Blacks performed the haka for the first time in New Zealand at the 1987 Rugby World Cup. In 1990, the All Blacks' selectors decided that Shelford was not up to the standard for the team and he was controversially dropped after the test series against Scotland. The general public were unhappy with this decision, especially when the All Blacks lost the third test of their next series against Australia, ending a 17-test winning streak (and 49 game streak including non-tests). After this, fans started appearing at games with signs saying "Bring Back Buck". Shelford said he had "no hard feelings" about being dropped and that he had spoken with the then selector, Alex Wyllie, who expressed a "few regrets" about his decision.

Although Shelford never regained his place in the All Blacks side, he was the captain of the New Zealand XV that played Romania in the Soviet Union and New Zealand B team that beat Australia B in 1991. He had played 48 All Blacks games including 22 tests and had captained the side 31 times, including 14 tests. He also scored 22 tries in total in his All Blacks career.

Shelford moved to England to play for Northampton, helping to revitalise a team languishing at the lower end of the first division and inspiring them to their first Pilkington Cup final. He retired from playing all rugby in 1995 after a spell at the Rugby Roma in the Italian Championship and coached for some time in Britain, including spells at Saracens and Rugby Lions. He returned to New Zealand and was the assistant coach of the North Harbour team in 1997 and coach in 1998. Currently, Shelford is coaching at his former club, North Shore in Devonport.

In 2020, he became the host, assistant coach and emergency player for All Blacks Alumni in Match Fit, a reality documentary series to train retired All Blacks back into shape against the current New Zealand Barbarians squad of former internationals. He reprised the role in 2021/22 (aired 2022).

Honours
In the 1991 New Year Honours, Shelford was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, for services to rugby. In the 2021 Queen's Birthday Honours, Shelford was appointed a Knight Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to rugby and the community. Shelford told Liam Napier of The New Zealand Herald, "[the award is] a great accolade...I'll wear it with pride for the family and all the organisations I work with. They'll carry that with them because they're my biggest supporters."

Personal life
Shelford's iwi is Ngāpuhi. He and his wife, Joanne, have two children, Lia (born 1981) and Eruera (born 1985), and also adopted his godson Mitchell Haapu (born 1987).

On 23 June 2007, Shelford revealed that he was receiving treatment for the form of cancer known as lymphoma. He told Newstalk ZB's Murray Deaker that he wanted his privacy respected as he focused on his recovery and said he would not be making any further personal statements. He recovered fully.

In 2011, Shelford was studying at Massey University in Albany, Auckland.

In 2021, Shelford was one of the castaways on TVNZ's original series Celebrity Treasure Island. He was eliminated by Edna Swart before the grand finale, finishing in fourth place.

In 2022, Shelford was elected National President of the Royal New Zealand Returned and Services Association.

title: Buck Shelford


text:
Talk:Zoltán Kodály

"Fans" section
Who in the world is Sir Wick-_-???
 * Do not know--Felix Folio Secundus (talk) 20:47, 28 July 2009 (UTC)

Dead Link
The link was not working (I got a page in Hungarian which probably translates as "404 Not Found"), so I removed it. JLeander 00:39, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

Pop culture
In Close Encounters of the Third Kind, the hand signs Zoltan devised to teach music to deaf children are used to denote the tones the alien craft produce. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.163.0.159 (talk) 23:43, 6 January 2008 (UTC)

The Curwen hand signs are mentioned on the "Kodaly Method" page. Syrup patrol (talk) 20:40, 17 February 2010 (UTC)

Good Article

 * I'd encourage enthusiastic editors to work more on this. I'm very grateful for the work that has been performed on this item. Kodaly is a major guy. Calamitybrook (talk) 02:49, 14 January 2009 (UTC)
 * May have a look through soon: --Felix Folio Secundus (talk) 20:47, 28 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Have made a new version of the eLinks but something has gone wrong (no idea what it is).--Felix Folio Secundus (talk) 15:02, 31 July 2009 (UTC)

External links removed
I've removed the external link to magyarorszag, per WP:EL;

"Links to avoid: 1. Any site that does not provide a unique resource beyond what the article would contain if it became a Featured article."

The link was incorrect anyway.

The link to the page, which could be used to improve this article, is here.  Chzz  ►  09:33, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

As above, for "universal edition". Link is here.  Chzz  ►  09:36, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Lived in Galanta?
If Kodály lived in Galanta, why isn't this fact mentioned in the current version of this article? 98.123.38.211 (talk) 01:36, 27 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zoltán Kodály


text:
Rubycon Corporation

Rubycon Corporation (ルビコン株式会社) is a Japanese electronics company, whose main products are electrolytic capacitors, film capacitors and power supply units with a wide range of applications including consumer, industrial, power, lighting and automotive.

Founded in 1952 as Nihon Denkai Seisakusho (有限会社日本電解製作所), it changed its name to Shin-Ei Electronics Inc. (信英電子株式会社) in 1960. The company was formerly known as Seibu Shin-Ei Inc. and changed its name to Rubycon Corporation in December 1990.

Rubycon holds a significant world market share in the capacitor market, and has 11 production sites 10 in Japan and one in Indonesia. Rubycon appointed Supreme Components International, a Singapore-based electronics distributor, as their franchised distributor.

title: Rubycon Corporation