text:
John 20:9

John 20:9 is the ninth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. Peter and the Beloved Disciple have been examining Jesus' empty tomb and the arrangement of the grave clothes. John 20:8 states that the Beloved Disciple looked in the tomb and believed, though there is conflict on what exactly he believed. John 20:9 seems to modify this statement but its exact meaning is also unclear.

Content
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:
 * For as yet they knew not
 * the scripture, that he must
 * rise again from the dead.

The English Standard Version translates the passage as:
 * for as yet they did not understand
 * the Scripture, that he must
 * rise from the dead.

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub John 20:9

Analysis
Who they refers to is uncertain. John only makes clear that Peter and the Beloved Disciple were present, but it is possible that Mary Magdalene was also there at this point. Thus some scholars, such as Hartmann, believe they refers to Peter and Mary who were in ignorance while the Beloved Disciple did understand that Jesus had risen from the dead. The alternative is that they refers to Peter and the Beloved Disciple and shows that they were both still ignorant about the resurrection and that this verse thus clarifies the preceding one and confirms that the Beloved Disciple did not realize that Jesus had risen. Schnackenburg believes that John 20:8, and everything else referring to the Beloved Disciple, is a later addition to the chapter. In this model 20:9 would follow directly after 20:7 and would clearly be talking about Peter and Mary Magdalene.

Brown reports that the word scripture is singular and most of the time this form is used to refer to a single piece of scripture. No piece is cited but it is possible the author of John assumed his readers would know what piece was referred to. Several passages from the Old Testament have been proposed as likely candidates for this source such as Psalm 16, Hosea 6:2, and Jonah 1:17. Some scholars have also speculated that since the Gospel of John was likely written after most of the New Testament had been penned the author could be referring to one of these works. Alternatively the singular form of the word scripture was sometimes used to refer to the entire body of scripture and this may be the usage the author intends.

Bultmann has called John 20:9 "a gloss of the ecclesiastical redaction" and argues that the verse is a later addition to the text. One piece of evidence for this is the phrase "risen from the dead." The author of John, unlike the other Gospel writers, does not favour the usage of to rise preferring to ascend. Other scholars believe that the statement is original but misplaced, feeling it should follow John 20:11. Bruce disagrees arguing that the word for makes the link between 20:8 and 20:9 clear.

title: John 20:9


text:
Christopher Reid (rapper)

Christopher Reid (born April 5, 1964), formerly known as Kid (shortened from his original MC name, Kid Coolout), is an American rapper, actor and comedian. During the peak of his career with the rap duo Kid 'n Play, with Christopher Martin, Reid was notable for both his seven-inch, vertical hi-top fade and freckles.

Life and career
Reid was born in The Bronx, New York, to a Jamaican father (1928–2019) and an Irish mother (1930–1973). He graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1982. He also graduated in 1986 from Lehman College in the Bronx with his B.A. in English after first attending Miles College.

He is best known as one half of late-1980s/early-1990s hip hop musical act Kid 'n Play with fellow rapper/actor Christopher "Play" Martin. Reid was particularly notable for his extremely large hi-top fade hairstyle. Reid has appeared on a number of television programs, including Martin and Sister, Sister, and has served as the host of amateur contest shows, such as Your Big Break and It's Showtime at the Apollo. Reid tours as a stand-up comedian.

Reid's most recent musical contribution has been writing the theme song to HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher. He also appeared on the VH1 reality magician game show Celebracadabra in 2008. Pursuing a solo career, he released a music video for a song called "Why Don't You Stay", on which he raps and sings. He appeared in The Asylum's film War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave, a sequel to H.G. Wells' War of the Worlds.

He has been a guest on The Dawn and Drew Show, Comics Unleashed, New England Sports Network's Comedy All-Stars, and Slanted Comedy.

He played the role of The Rhymer on the TV series Supah Ninjas.

He also appears in LMFAO's video for "Sorry for Party Rocking".

In 2012, he broke into voice-over work in the military shooter video game Spec Ops: The Line, in which he plays Lieutenant Alphonso Adams, part of a three-man squad sent into a ruined Dubai to investigate a signal from an MIA military unit, The Damned 33rd.

In an interview on the “Hip-Hop Confessions” podcast, Reid shared that he and Christopher Martin (“Play”) were heated about the cancellation of their animated series on NBC. Their anger at the time made their emotions outweigh their business mindset, and they missed out on a major TV deal, which went to Will Smith and DJ Jazzy Jeff and resulted in the hit TV series Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. Looking back on the time, Reid admitted that he and Martin failed to see past their wants and consider the bigger picture.

He is a fan of the sports radio station in Dallas "The Ticket" 1310 AM/96.7 FM. He is "guest picker" of sports picks on the station and has guest-hosted "The Norm And D Invasion" with Donovan Lewis.

Discography

 * 1988: 2 Hype
 * 1990: Funhouse
 * 1991: Face the Nation

Filmography

 * 1990: House Party
 * 1991: House Party 2
 * 1992: Class Act
 * 1992: Martin - Guest appearance (Season 1, Episode 6)
 * 1994: House Party 3
 * 1996-1997: Sister, Sister
 * 1998: The Temptations
 * 2001: Sealab 2021
 * 2003: Pauly Shore Is Dead
 * 2005: Barbershop: The Series
 * 2008: War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave
 * 2009: Hell's Kitchen
 * 2010: Freaknik: The Musical
 * 2011: Supah Ninjas
 * 2012-2014: Black Dynamite: The Animated Series
 * 2013: Mad
 * 2013: House Party: Tonight's the Night
 * 2021: Apple & Onion
 * 2023: House Party

Video games

 * Spec Ops: The Line – 1st Lieutenant Alphonso Adams

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Christopher Reid (rapper)


text:
Talk:Union des forces progressistes (Quebec)

Social democratic?
The Preamble of the UFP politic platform, Building a world that reflects our ideals! on the party's website doesn't say so. Instead, it uses the term "progressive" throughout, and makes no reference to socialism or social democracy. Progressive is a pretty vague term, so I've tried to clarify that the UFP is intended to be a borad front organizatinn across the left of the political spectrum. Also, the party's website uses the term "alterglobalist" rather than "altermondialist", but I don't want to go near that one. Kevintoronto 16:52, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * To the anonymous editor who keeps putting "social democratic" in as the ideology. Please read the website. You will see that it is a "broad front" type of organization that includes the groups that I've listed in the article. It includes social democrats, as well as socialists, communists, and others from the left. it calls itself "progressive" and not "social democratic". Unless you can provide evidence that the UFP calls itself "social democratic", stop making changes that you cannot back up. Thank you. Kevintoronto 14:02, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Also, given that the UFP includes the Parti communiste du Quebec,why would you remove "communists" from the list of left-wingers included in the party? Kevintoronto 17:17, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The UFP also advocates pacifist I did my reasearch - michaelm

 * I heartily agree. UFP are not social democratic (the PQ, if anybody, occupy that position on the political spectrum). To counter, we have already a Category:Socialist parties that includes the Scottish Socialist Party, the Sosialistisk Folkeparti, and the Welsh Socialist Alliance (among many others) – such parties seem more clearly the ideological kindred of the UFP. I'm therefore changing the category to Category:Socialist parties. QuartierLatin1968 19:14, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

website link is bad or dead
Is a website in operation?

The links are bad in both summary and External Links sections

G. Robert Shiplett 12:14, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 one external links on Union des forces progressistes (Canada). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20040101000625/http://www.ufp.qc.ca:80/ to http://www.ufp.qc.ca
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:54, 20 July 2016 (UTC)


text: User talk:82.70.147.22

title: User talk:82.70.147.22


text:
User:Bhamer

Current Location: Southern California, an import from Minnesota

Occupation: Electrical Engineer - Satellite Design

First Computer system used:  IBM 1130

Interests: Amateur Radio, Radio propagation, Computer programming, Astronomy, Cosmology, Harley-Davidson, NRO

Home Page: http://kf6hi.net

Articles I have completed / contributed to (for now, they are never really done)
Dielectric constant

Four wave mixing

Sugar Loaf, Winona, Minnesota

US space surveillance network only because one station is in Maui and I want to move there !!

Winona, Minnesota The old home town....

Articles I am working on some more later
Ionosphere Radio propagation Sporadic E propagation

Articles I plan to work on
Sunspot

Articles in work
Sandbox]] MILSTAR - is this system really ~25 years old now!! Seems like only yesterday......

Credentials
I have been working in the Aerospace industry for 25+ years (yikes -- I'm an old fart ! ),  I have been playing with computers  and radios since circa 1971, 1974 respectively.

Education

 * B.E.E., University of Minnesota, focus: Electromagnetic Field Theory Electrical Engineering
 * M.S.E.E., University of Southern California, focus: Microwave Communications Systems Electrical Engineering

title: User:Bhamer


text:
Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics

Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by 14 events. It took place in the Man-made Basin, located at the Trade Unions Olympic Sports Centre (Krylatskoye district, Moscow). The rowing schedule began on 20 July and ended on 27 July.

Due to the Western boycott some strong rowing nations were not present. In that situation East Germany dominated the competition: they won 14 medals, including 11 golds, from 14 events.

The quadruple sculls events, introduced in 1976, were again held without coxswain for men and with coxswain for women.

Participating nations
A total of 470 rowers from 25 nations competed at the Moscow Games:

title: Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics


text: User talk:70.19.35.164

title: User talk:70.19.35.164


text:
User:SRP

"History is a set of lies that people have agreed upon." Napoleon Bonaparte

title: User:SRP


text:
Walther Flemming

Walther Flemming (21 April 1843 – 4 August 1905) was a German biologist and a founder of cytogenetics.

He was born in Sachsenberg (now part of Schwerin) as the fifth child and only son of the psychiatrist Carl Friedrich Flemming (1799–1880) and his second wife, Auguste Winter. He graduated from the Gymnasium der Residenzstadt, where one of his colleagues and lifelong friends was writer Heinrich Seidel.

Career
Flemming trained in medicine at the University of Prague, graduating in 1868. Afterwards, he served in 1870–71 as a military physician in the Franco-Prussian War. From 1873 to 1876 he worked as a teacher at the University of Prague. In 1876 he accepted a post as a professor of anatomy at the University of Kiel. He became the director of the Anatomical Institute and stayed there until his death.

With the use of aniline dyes he was able to find a structure which strongly absorbed basophilic dyes, which he named chromatin. He identified that chromatin was correlated to threadlike structures in the cell nucleus – the chromosomes (meaning coloured bodies), which were named thus later by German anatomist Wilhelm von Waldeyer-Hartz (1841–1923). The Belgian scientist Edouard Van Beneden (1846–1910) had also observed them, independently. The centrosome was discovered jointly by Walther Flemming in 1875 and Edouard Van Beneden in 1876.

Flemming investigated the process of cell division and the distribution of chromosomes to the daughter nuclei, a process he called mitosis from the Greek word for thread. However, he did not see the splitting into identical halves, the daughter chromatids. He studied mitosis both in vivo and in stained preparations, using as the source of biological material the fins and gills of salamanders. These results were published first in 1878 and in 1882 in the seminal book Zellsubstanz, Kern und Zelltheilung (1882; Cell substance, nucleus and cell division). On the basis of his discoveries, Flemming surmised for the first time that all cell nuclei came from another predecessor nucleus (he coined the phrase omnis nucleus e nucleo, after Virchow's omnis cellula e cellula).

Flemming is also known for his philanthropy. He weekly fed those who were homeless, donating every year, 20% of his salary to homeless shelters. He taught especially young children who were too poor to attend school about mathematics and science.

Flemming was unaware of the work of Gregor Mendel (1822–84) on heredity, so he did not make the connection between his observations and genetic inheritance. Two decades would pass before the significance of Flemming's work was truly realized with the rediscovery of Mendel's rules. The Science Channel named Flemming's discovery of mitosis and chromosomes as one of the 100 most important scientific discoveries of all time, and one of the 10 most important discoveries in cell biology.

Flemming's name is honoured by a medal awarded by the German Society for Cell Biology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zellbiologie).

title: Walther Flemming


text:
File:Grayhawk wars box cover.jpg

 * Description: This is a flatbed scan of the box cover for the Greyhawk Wars fantasy board wargame, based on the Greyhawk role-playing game campaign setting. The image was reduced in size 80% and a drop shadow added using Paint Shop Pro.
 * Size: 281px × 348px.

This image is of a book cover

title: File:Grayhawk wars box cover.jpg


text:
Battle of Selma

The Battle of Selma was fought on April 2, 1865 in Dallas County, Alabama during the American Civil War. It was part of the Union campaign through Alabama and Georgia, known as Wilson's Raid, in the final full month of the Civil War.

Brevet Major-General James H. Wilson, commanding three divisions of Union cavalry, about 13,500 men, led his men south from Gravelly Springs, Alabama, on March 22, 1865. Opposed by Confederate Lieutenant-General Nathan B. Forrest, Wilson skillfully continued his march and eventually defeated him in a running battle at Ebenezer Church, on April 1. Continuing towards Selma, Wilson split his command into three columns. Although Selma was well-defended, the Union columns broke through the defenses at separate points forcing the Confederates to surrender the city, although many of the officers and men, including Forrest and Lieutenant-General Richard Taylor, escaped.

Selma demonstrated that even Forrest, whom some had considered invincible, could not stop the unrelenting Union movements deep into the Southern Heartland.

Background
On March 30, 1865, General Wilson detached Brigadier-General John T. Croxton's brigade to destroy all Confederate property at Tuscaloosa, Alabama. After capturing a Confederate courier who carried dispatches from Forrest describing the strength and disposition of his scattered forces, Wilson sent a brigade to destroy the bridge across the Cahaba River at Centreville. This effectively cut off Forrest from reinforcement. It also began a running fight that did not end until after the fall of Selma. Forrest had scattered his command through Mississippi, Alabama, and Tennessee, to refit his command following the Middle Tennessee Campaign, and Forrest spent several days in late March struggling to consolidate his force before Wilson's cavalry could advance south.

On the afternoon of April 1, following skirmishing in the morning, Wilson's advance guard ran into Forrest's line of battle at Ebenezer Church, where the Randolph Road intersected the main Selma road. Forrest had hoped to bring his entire force to bear on Wilson. However, because of delays caused by flooding, plus earlier contacts with the enemy, Forrest could only muster less than 2,000 men, many of whom were not veterans but poorly trained militia consisting of old men and young boys.

The outnumbered Confederates fought for over an hour, as Wilson deployed more Union cavalry and artillery on the field. Forrest himself was wounded by a saber-wielding Union captain, whom he killed with his revolver. Finally, a Union cavalry charge broke the Confederate militia, causing Forrest to be flanked on his right. He was forced to retreat under severe pressure. The battle failed to significantly delay or damage Wilson's force.

Prelude
Early the next morning Forrest arrived at Selma, Alabama, a town of about 10,000 inhabitants, "horse and rider covered in blood." He advised Lieutenant-General Richard Taylor, departmental commander, to leave the city. Taylor did so after giving Forrest command of the defense. Selma was protected by three miles of fortifications, which ran in a semicircle around the city. They were anchored on the north and south by the Alabama River. The works had been built two years earlier and, while neglected since then, they were still formidable. The defenses were from 8 to 12 feet high, 15 feet thick at the base, and had a ditch 4 feet wide and 5 feet deep along the front. Before this was a picket fence of heavy posts planted in the ground, 5 feet high, and sharpened at the top. At prominent positions, earthen forts were built with artillery in position to cover the ground over which an assault would have to be made.

The Confederates defending Selma consisted of Armstrong, Roddey, and Crossland's brigades, Myrick's Artillery Battalion, Forrest's escort, and Alabama militia. Forrest's line of battle was so long that his 2,000 men were separated from each other from five to ten feet. There being from five to ten times as many Union troops, their line was close together. Just before the battle, it looked like they were all over the field to their front.

Wilson's force arrived at the Selma fortifications at 2 p.m. He placed Gen. Long's division across the Summerfield Road, with the Chicago Board of Trade Battery in support. Upton's Division was placed across the Range Line Road with Battery I, 4th U.S. Artillery in support. Wilson had 9,000 well-armed and well-trained troops available to make the assault. Wilson's plan was for Upton to send in a 300-man detachment after dark to cross the swamp on the Confederate right, enter the works, and begin a flanking movement toward the center moving along the line of fortifications. Then a single gun from Upton's artillery would fire the signal for an attack by the entire Federal corps. At 5 p.m., however, the ammunition train in Wilson's rear was attacked by advance elements of Forrest's scattered forces who were moving toward Selma. Long and Upton had both positioned significant numbers of the troops in their rear to guard against such an event. However, Long decided on his own to begin an assault against the Selma fortifications to neutralize the attack in his rear.

Battle
Long's men attacked in a single rank in three main lines, dismounted and firing their 7-shot Spencer repeating rifles. They were supported by their artillery. The Confederates defenders replied with heavy small arms and artillery fire. The attackers suffered many casualties, including General Long himself, but the attack continued. Once the Union troops reached the works, vicious hand-to-hand fighting broke out. Many on both sides were struck down with clubbed muskets. Still, Union troops kept pouring into the works. In less than 30 minutes, Long's men had captured the works protecting the Summerfield Road from the hopelessly outnumbered defenders.

Meanwhile, General Upton, observing Long's success, ordered his division forward. Soon, U.S. flags could be seen waving over the works from Range Line Road to Summerfield Road. Once the outer works had fallen, General Wilson, himself led the 4th U.S. Cavalry Regiment in a mounted charge down the Range Line Road toward the unfinished inner line of works. The retreating Confederate forces, having reached the inner works, rallied and poured a devastating fire into the charging Union column. This stopped the charge and sent General Wilson sprawling to the ground when his favorite horse was wounded. Wilson quickly remounted his injured horse and ordered a dismounted assault by several regiments. Mixed units of Confederate troops at the Selma railroad depot and the adjoining banks of the railroad bed tried to make a stand next to the Plantersville Road (present-day Broad Street). Fighting there was heavy, but by 7 p.m. the superior numbers of Union troops had allowed them to flank the Southern positions, causing the defenders to abandon the depot as well as the inner line of works.

Aftermath
Union troops rounded up hundreds of prisoners, but hundreds more escaped in the darkness down the Burnsville Road. These included Generals Forrest, Armstrong, and Roddey. To the west, many Confederate soldiers continued to fight the pursuing Union soldiers to the eastern side of Valley Creek. They then escaped in the darkness by swimming the Alabama River near the mouth of Valley Creek (where the present-day Battle of Selma Reenactment is held.) During his escape from the city, Forrest killed another Union trooper, the thirtieth he had killed in personal combat in the war. Wilson lost 359 men in the battle, while Forrest lost over 2,700 casualties, mostly prisoners and 32 artillery pieces.

Jubilant Union troops looted the city that night. Wilson's men spent the next week destroying the arsenal and naval foundry. Finally, they left Selma and moved on to Montgomery and fought at Columbus on Easter Sunday, and finally marched to Macon, Georgia, when they learned of the war's end. On May 10, they captured Jefferson Davis in Irwinsville, Georgia.

title: Battle of Selma


text:
User:LudaPotts

I'm here because my teacher told me to be here.

Still like cheese Potzie?

title: User:LudaPotts


text:
User:Katie04

Yeah my teacher made us make this thinger so that we can keep track of all this stuff. Yuppers... :)

title: User:Katie04


text:
User:B-rad

I'm here because my teacher told me to be here.

title: User:B-rad


text:
User talk:AlistairMcMillan/Archive2

Welcome
Hello Alistair, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to join the community. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. If you need editing help, visit How to edit a page. For format questions, visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. And of course, feel free to talk with me or ask questions on my talk page. Enjoy! --Alex S 19:43, 2 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Glasgow Herald
Can you explain how Glasgow Herald was emptied and the content moved to a page started three days later by you? Darkaddress 15:58, Apr 3, 2004 (UTC)

Hi Alistair, just referring to the point made by Darkaddress - if you wish to move a page, can you click the link "Move this page" in the left-hand bar? This way, a Redirect page is created to the new page, making sure that people do not get lost or confused because of blank pages, and ensures that the Page history is copied over. I hope that you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia! Marknew 20:49, 3 Apr 2004 (UTC)

THANK YOU!
So very much for working on the Presidential Cabinets. Beautiful work. THANK YOU! jengod 01:14, Sep 2, 2004 (UTC)

Reply to your question
Here is some info on the origins of dotnet WRT java

[] Sdaconsulting 00:10, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Journaling in Mac OS X
Thanks for the info regarding journaling in Mac OS X Server in Talk:Comparison of operating systems. I had seen a couple of sources suggest that the journaling feature would work with any filesystem, but I also saw some posts from BSD developers expressing skepticism that journaling could be done in the VFS without lots of help from the filesystem, and I couldn't find any actual Apple product pages willing to claim support for it on anything but HFS+, so that's why I summed up my findings as "maybe" :) . FWIW, I ran into the problem while researching for Comparison of file systems, where it's more on-topic.  (Actually I ran into a couple of these "theory vs. practice" problems, most amusingly when I noticed that ReiserFS claims a maximum file size of 1EB when it only allows volumes as large as 16TB.. their FAQ seems to only grudgingly acknowledge the existence of other practical limits on file size. And I'm suspicious that the NTFS claim of 16EB limits for both files and volumes might be just a tad on the optimistic/theoretical side.) Saucepan 20:48, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Resource fork
Umm... Alistair... Did you bother to read the article you were editing? Any four-byte value qualifies as a resource identifier, and 'ditl' and 'snd ' are NOT capitalised. - Cymydog Naakka 20:13, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Oops, actually 'DITL' was capitalised. Sorry. Fixed. 'snd ', however, isn't. - Cymydog Naakka 20:22, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Dick Zimmer
I think we're confusing two different Dick Zimmers here -- one's an Ohio Democrat and the other is a New Jersey Republican. Acsenray 15:30, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd prefer Dick Zimmer (Ohio politician) and Dick Zimmer (New Jersey politician). That would give them room to change offices. Acsenray 17:27, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Robert Szeleney
I know you don't have anything to do with the edit war. Neither do I. I'm perfectly neutral. We simply have a difference of opinion. I don't think it matters who the guy works for, nor does it matter that he is planning to sell his OS one day. When he does sell it, that will be notable. Now, my opinion might make me a fucking idiot in your books, but it's what it is. In any case, I didn't revert your edits. I edited what you added. Isn't that how it works here?Dr Zen 22:55, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Why are his sales plans notable? Why are you shilling for him? It's obvious why his team's doing it but I can't understand what you're getting out of it.Dr Zen 23:11, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Mate, the thing is, encyclopaedias can have a paragraph or ten pages about a person. It depends what they've done. Szeleney has made a hobby OS and now he's trying to sell it. That's of some interest but it doesn't merit his fucking life story! Dude, this is perilously close to my writing a page for myself in which I tell you that I'm trying to sell a novel. Are you not getting that? The guy is nobody much at present. Don't waste your time or energy stressing out over this thing. Move on and put yourself to better use. The page as I had it was a good compromise. It has some detail and the links that you put in. Let's leave it at that.Dr Zen 00:03, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Wikistalking
Are you wikistalking me, Al? Great stuff. All the pages I work on will be all the better for it.Dr Zen 01:56, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Okay, I was only teasing. Trying to take some of the heat out of it. We're trying to row in the same direction after all.Dr Zen 02:04, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Bias
I'd like your opinion at Requests for arbitration. Thanks. Chameleon 12:13, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

AFP
Yes, I know. I made note of that in the AppleTalk article's talk page. -- tooki 04:16, 25 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * I responded to the Power Mac name thing in my talk page. I also looked at the list of articles you worked on, and your interests -- good stuff! :) Computer history is also one of my areas of interest, and Mac history is (being a Mac geek) of course one of the areas I know best.  cheers! -- tooki 17:28, 25 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * See response in my talk page. -- tooki 03:03, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Well obviously you can prefer any version you like! :) But the article should promote the correct form. -- tooki 03:40, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Redirects (&c)
Please stop adding redirects.

I have. But, I'm very new here, and thought this was helpful as the more redirects the better. Maybe, I'm wrong.

Also, I'll respond to your comments about legacy windows at Votes_for_deletion/Legacy_Microsoft_Windows.

-Joe Llywelyn Griffith Blakesley 12:40, 2004 Nov 27 (UTC)

The Humungous Image Tagging Project
Hi. You've helped with the WikiProject Wiki Syntax, so I thought it worth alerting you to the latest and greatest of Wikipedia fixing project, User:Yann/Untagged Images, which is seeking to put copyright tags on all of the untagged images. There are probably, oh, thirty thousand or so to do (he said, reaching into the air for a large figure). But hey: they're images ... you'll get to see lots of random pretty pictures. That must be better than looking for at at and the the, non? You know you'll love it. best wishes --Tagishsimon (talk)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. – Ram-Man (comment) (talk)  15:08, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC)

Internet Explorer
While I agree that mentioning Mark Maifret should be happening in the article, I seriously question whether the paragraph:
 * Critics have claimed that security fixes take too long to be released after discovery of the problems, and that the problems are not always completely fixed. After Microsoft released patches to close 20 holes in their general operating system in February 2003, Marc Maifrett of eEye Digital Security stated that "If it really took them that long technically to make (and test) the fix, then they have other problems. That's not a way to run a software company." Microsoft attributes these delays to thorough testing to ensure that bug fixes do not lead to problems elsewhere.

Should even be in the article at all. Shouldn't that be in the Microsoft article? It's a pretty general comment about all of the patches they released for their general operating system, not just Internet Explorer, and the article is about Internet Explorer after all. Could we move it to either Microsoft or Microsoft Windows? - Ta bu shi da yu 06:57, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Hmmm... I know what you mean. I was thinking that we need to make it directly relevant to Internet Explorer. Maybe we could rephrase it a bit? As it stands it seems to me a bit incongrous in the article. - Ta bu shi da yu 10:26, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * OK, but still think about rephrasing it a bit so it doesn't hang around like a bad smell :-) Ta bu shi da yu 10:31, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * OK, sounds fair to me. Anything that makes the article better I'll support you on. - Ta bu shi da yu 10:34, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Erica Durance
I noticed you removed my contribution to the page. And I stress contribution. It was relevant so I don't see what was wrong with it.

Windows XP Service Pack 2
From Secunia. List of ALL security flaws found in Internet Explorer since the release of Service Pack 2.
 * UNAFFECTED means systems with SP2 installed are unaffected
 * PATCHED means machine with SP2 were affected but Microsoft released a patch
 * AFFECTED means machines with SP2 are affected and Microsoft has yet to issue a patch

1) http://secunia.com/advisories/12304/ 2004-08-16
 * "Currently known attack vectors do not work on Windows XP systems with SP2 applied."
 * UNAFFECTED

2) http://secunia.com/advisories/12321/ 2004-08-19
 * "The vulnerability has been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows XP SP1/SP2."
 * PATCHED

3) http://secunia.com/advisories/12528/ 2004-09-14
 * "...note that Windows XP Service Pack 2 is NOT vulnerable..."
 * UNAFFECTED

4) http://secunia.com/advisories/12581/ 2004-09-18
 * http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11186 lists IE SP2 as affected
 * AFFECTED

5) http://secunia.com/advisories/12765/ 2004-10-09
 * No affected version list.

6) http://secunia.com/advisories/12806/ 2004-10-12
 * Microsft list XP SP2 as affected
 * PATCHED

7) http://secunia.com/advisories/12889/ 2004-10-20
 * "This will also bypass the "Local Computer" zone lockdown security feature in SP2"
 * AFFECTED

8) http://secunia.com/advisories/13015/ 2004-10-29
 * "Systems running Windows XP with SP2 installed are not affected."
 * UNAFFECTED

9) http://secunia.com/advisories/12959/ 2004-11-02
 * "The vulnerability does not affect systems running Windows XP with SP2..."
 * UNAFFECTED

10) http://secunia.com/advisories/13124/ 2004-11-09
 * "The vulnerability does not affect systems running Windows XP with SP2 installed."
 * UNAFFECTED

11) http://secunia.com/advisories/13156/ 2004-11-10
 * "The problem has been confirmed in version 6.0 on a system running Windows XP with SP2 installed."
 * AFFECTED

12) http://secunia.com/advisories/13203/ 2004-11-17
 * "The vulnerabilities have been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows XP SP2."
 * AFFECTED

13) http://secunia.com/advisories/13208/ 2004-11-17
 * "Microsoft Windows XP SP2 is reportedly not affected."
 * UNAFFECTED

14) http://secunia.com/advisories/13317/ 2004-11-26
 * "The vulnerability has been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows XP SP2."
 * AFFECTED

15) http://secunia.com/advisories/13251/ 2004-12-08
 * "The vulnerability has been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows XP SP1/SP2."
 * AFFECTED

16) http://secunia.com/advisories/13396/ 2004-12-08
 * "The weakness does not affect systems running Windows XP with SP2 installed."
 * UNAFFECTED

17) http://secunia.com/advisories/13404/ 2004-12-09
 * "The vulnerability has been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4 / XP SP2"
 * AFFECTED

18) http://secunia.com/advisories/13482/ 2004-12-16
 * "The vulnerability has been confirmed on a fully patched system with Internet Explorer 6.0 and Microsoft Windows XP SP1/SP2."
 * AFFECTED

Final tally:
 * 18 flaws discovered since the release of SP2 for XP.
 * 7 flaws do not affect machines with SP2 installed.
 * 1 flaw that is unclear whether it affects machines with SP2
 * 10 flaws did affect machines with SP2 installed (however Microsoft have patched 2).

AlistairMcMillan 05:16, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Err I only count 7 flaws on that list that affect SP2 --Beachy 19:58, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject computers
Interested? I just started it. Do you know anyone else who'd be interested? - Ta bu shi da yu 10:35, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Do you know Btrieve? That's my current personal focus article. But what would be absolutely fantastic would be some creative help on how to organise the project. I reckon you know a fair amount about computers (well, you seem to) so you could help me in Strategy and Goals. - Ta bu shi da yu 11:19, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Google rankings
Hi, I wanted to understand this some more. I can understand that if we have an article A, and 4 redirects A0-A3, and 1/4 of each of the articles that refer to A do so via redir A0 (repeat), then the ranking is split 4 ways (among A0-A3). What happens if all the links go direct to A, though - does it have any effect then? Thanks... Noel (talk) 07:16, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, links to redirects don't bother me so much, because, as you point out, a 'bot can fix them. The far bigger problem is people who link to a disambiguation page, and never bother to click on their links to see if they really link to the thing they intended to link to. A 'bot can't fix those. Noel (talk) 14:02, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

N.Y.P.D Rodman's Neck Firing Range
Frank McGee was not that man you linked him to. Supercool Dude

I took a shot at some cleanup on NYPD Rodman's Neck Firing Range. It might still need some more --RoySmith 02:11, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Recent edits to cats
Would you mind explaining your recent edits to pages like Tommy McAvoy and Ian McDiarmid. At first I thought it was vandalism, but on second thought it looks like you had a purpose in mind. However I can't work out what it was. AlistairMcMillan 21:14, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Simply makes the alphabetical ordering correct. I hope. Bornintheguz 21:25, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I didn't screw anything up, did I? I redirected my duplicate disambig page. I created it because I wanted to start an article on Rush Sr., which I've now done. Everyking 05:27, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Arran
Lately you've been "improving" pages which make reference to Arran. The trouble is, you haven't been looking closely enough. I've just repaired an error you introduced at Arable_land, hopefully while leaving your intention clear. The thing is, the original poster hadn't confused Scotland and Ireland, he'd made a simple typo as between Aran and Arran (there's the Gaelic for you; and there's even more scope for confusion as between Aran island and the Aran islands further south, which I've carefully left ambiguous).

Anyway, would you care to go over your other recent corrections and see if you've installed any other misunderstandings like this?

At the risk of teaching you to suck eggs, you've moved some single central references to the points of the links, which will make it harder to maintain each of them (as we're now seeing - I'm not trotting after everywhere you've been), and also means that the individual places have more detail level distraction. I think it's working against the spirit of a proper reference site, but I'll leave you to think about the proper level to aim at. I'm sure you already know the deep copy problems you're bringing in here.

I hope that isn't too much in your face. PML (half Scottish and half Irish, so aware of some of these issues).

greetings
Hi. I found you via the UNIX article. I checked your userpage and it states you like Computer Science. I have some wikiprojects, not related to Wikipedia or Wikimedia, that may be of interest to you. If you like the idea of joining another one wiki, just check my userpage. You will not receive any more notices. Thank you, NSK 22:07, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

False Friends Disambig
How do I make a disambiguation page for a topic?

Supercool Dude 04:26, 13 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I am sorry but I need specific info as to what to click on to start the Disambiguation page for the term called False Friends. There appear to be multiple meanings.

Supercool Dude 15:42, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

UK Edits
Alistair, I do not appreciate immature, bordering-on-rude, little messages. I have been making edits for around a year now and had never seen the point of setting up a User ID. Your cheeky comments the other day, suggesting that as an anonymous user, my edits were somehow less "worthy", prompted me to set up this ID. In answer to your accusation that 'Considered' is a "sockpuppet", I cannot comment as I have no idea what you mean, however I resent the suggestion that my conduct has been less than honourable. Please stop acting like an immature little child and credit others with more maturity than you obviously credit yourself.

And on the subject of whether or not the UK is a country, I actually don't have a particularly strong opinion either way. My issue, however, is one of "NEUTRALITY". Do you understand the concept of NPOV? Whether you (or I) consider the UK as being a country is really beside the point.

If you wish to contact me again, please at least try to maintain an "adult composure" ... I do not appreciate snide, little suggestions from an apparently intelligent individual who should know better.

BHO's
Alistair, I have had a good look around on the net regarding BHO's, and although they appear to manifest as spyware in some cases, I can't see how they can silently install themselves from websites. The only examples I have found of malware in the form of BHO's have been DLL's that have installed as part of other, downloaded software. Do you have any examples of BHO's self-installing from websites? Beachy 20:30, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Alkivar
I challenged the apparent BeOS developer, who just deleted my challenge from his talk page within minutes. He claims to have developed StyledEdit, which was in fact developed by Hiroshi Lockheimer.... He's not in the credits, from PR2 to R5.1

Ah well. Clueless newbies to an OS, eh?

Kiand 01:18, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Alkivar&curid=763687&action=history

Apparently BeOS is based off MINIX, the Hobbit BeBox could run BeOS, and 4 uncredited students rewrote StyledEdit in DR7. Riiiight. If he changes to 1994 again, feel very, VERY justified in going back to 1990. Kiand 01:53, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Far Eastern Air Transport
Alistair, I would have to agree with the suggestion that it would be best to merge the two articles into Far Eastern Air Transport Corporation for different reasons.

As an Australian, Far Eastern Air Transport would mean the subject of Airline legal battles etc. between Qantas, Singapore, Air New Zealand, China Air, etc. Air transport is a common news item here. Also I think the full title looks professional. I'd also immediately support if you could amend.--Daeron 06:35, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Jubal Early
I tweaked a number of the mods you made to links for Jubal Early, but since I got only the ones in my watchlist, you may wish to duplicate this elsewhere. Histories of the Civil War almost never refer to the guy using his middle name. They sometimes say Jubal A. Early. The reason his page got named that [prior to your disambiguation, which was a good thing] was that some guy kept nuking edits to the original page and he started branching out and duplicating older versions with the longer name.

big_hal 15:40, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:AlistairMcMillan/Archive2


text:
User:Periku~enwiki

.

title: User:Periku~enwiki


text: Category:Justices of the Kansas Supreme Court


text:
User:Woodchuck19

chris likes cheese on titans surface. <My teacher told me to make htis thing for sum reason.

title: User:Woodchuck19


text:
African Safari Airways

Africa Safari Airways was an airline based in Mombasa, Kenya. It operated charter flights and inclusive tours beginning in 1967 from Europe, mainly to Mombasa. Its main base was Moi International Airport, Mombasa. It ceased operations in 2009.

History

Founded in 1967, African Safari Airways was part of the African Safari Club Group of companies. The airline operated charter flights from European hub airports including London, Frankfurt, Munich, Basel, Milan, Rome, Madrid, Vienna and Paris to Egypt and Kenya. Initial equipment was provided by Bristol Britannia turboprop airliners from summer 1969 until disposal in 1972. One of these aircraft was leased to Air Faisal.

The airline bought a Douglas DC-8-53 intercontinental airliner from KLM Royal Dutch Airlines in August 1976 and operated the aircraft on its long-distance routes until it was sold in November 1982. In 1999, the Group, which included a domestic airline in Kenya operating a fleet of 7 aircraft, two cruise ships, 10 hotels, 5 lodges and a vast travel agency network in Europe, faced bankruptcy and engaged Kai Wulff (owner of Plexus Ltd. Consultancy) to manage all its operations and lead a turn-around.

The group re-entered profitability in 2001 and Wulff replaced their aged Douglas DC-10 with an Airbus A310 in a 3-class configuration. After the end of the management term of Wulff in 2004, the company continued to operate as a vertically integrated group until its slow demise which started in 2008 after the post election violence in Kenya.

ASA's domestic daughter company was Skytrails operating 7 planes between 1998 and 2005.

African Safari Airways became Africa Safari Air in 2009. It is based in East Africa. The main hubs are Entebbe and Mombasa. It sometimes connected to Johannesburg in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). The airline has one international connection to North America (Halifax, Canada).

Destinations
African Safari Airways operated the following services (at August 2009):

Africa

 * Kenya
 * Mombasa (Moi International Airport) Hub
 * Uganda
 * Kampala (Entebbe International Airport)
 * Rwanda
 * Kigali (Kigali International Airport)

North America

 * United States
 * New York(JFK Airport)
 * Canada
 * Halifax (Halifax Airport)

Europe

 * United Kingdom
 * London (London Gatwick Airport)

Fleet
As of March 2007 the Africa Safari Air fleet included:
 * 1 Airbus A310-308 (5Y-VIP)

Previously operated
From 1976 until 1982, African Safari operated a Douglas DC-8 and between 1992 and 2002, the airline operated a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 (5Y-MBA) aircraft, however this was withdrawn from service.

title: African Safari Airways


text:
User:Christopher Thomas

Check this tool to see if I'm active.

Biography
I am an academic who dabbles in coding, electronics, and bizzare design puzzles.

Hobbies include reading fiction and non-fiction, engineering and physics problems, and pencil-and-paper role-playing games.

I have completed my PhD and a post-doctoral fellowship and am in the process of transitioning to an industry career.

My contributions to Wikipedia primarily involve physics, though my editing habits have been broader in the past.

Editing To-Do List
I follow Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Physics, and help with editing problematic articles on an occasional basis. Articles on my to-do list are shown below:

 * Nothing on the list at present, as I'm on sabbatical.

 * (To do eventually: turn the don't debate the validity of X here blurb into a proper general template.)

If you want me to look at a specific article, please add a comment to my talk page. Most physics-related articles should be posted to WT:PHYS instead, however.

Selected noteworthy edits

 * Antimatter rocket, April 2007. Full rewrite of the article (diff).

 * Event horizon, June/July 2006. Full rewrite of the article (diff) (discussion).

 * Degenerate matter, February 2006. Partial rewrite and stub-filling (diff).

 * Neutronium, November 2005. Rewrote (diff).

 * Negative energy, May 2005, November 2005. Replaced gibberish with a disambiguation page (diff). I'd originally redirected to exotic matter; I changed this to a disambiguation page after a sufficiently strong case was made for doing so.

Selected image contributions

 * Image:Bh-light-cones-1.png and Image:Bh-radar-radar-pulse.png, December 2005. Intended as placeholders for better versions of these figures at black hole.
 * Image:Hcube_fold.gif, June 2006. Animation of folding and unfolding of hypercube and cube nets, in response to a question on talk:tesseract.
 * Image:Event-horizon-particle.png, June 2006. Spacetime diagram of a uniformly accelerating particle, and the light cone of an event that's outside its event horizon, for a proposed rewritten version of event horizon.
 * Image:Gr-temp-positive.gif, Image:Gr-temp-negative.gif, Image:Gr-temp-surfaces.png, July 2006. Animations and diagrams showing how world lines converge in positively curved spacetime and diverge in negatively curved spacetime.
 * Image:Aerovator-forces-polar.png, July 2006. Force diagram for a segment of an aerovator ribbon.
 * Image:Ftl-time-travel-equivalence.gif, March 2007. Animated, subtitled spacetime diagram showing the equivalence of FTL travel and time travel under special relativity. Warning: large file.
 * Image:Forward-sailcraft-scheme.png, August 2009. Diagram of the light sail decelleration scheme proposed by Robert L. Forward.

Tools

 * Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Physics -- Physics articles with problems can be flagged for attention here.

Wikipedia policy pages

 * Dispute resolution -- This outlines the steps people are expected to take when experiencing conflicts with other editors.

Draft essays
At some point I may try to turn some of these into proper wiki-essays. Please don't modify the user-space versions.

 * Suggestions for staying sane while editing Wikipedia. This is why I (usually) don't hate editing after being here this long.

 * How to productively work with fringe science articles.

 * How to tell reputable research papers from less-reputable ones.

Miscellaneous scratchwork
These are mostly for my own reference.

 * Brain-dump of suggested colonization approaches for the ThinkStarship project on WikiBooks.

 * Record of my efforts at reconciling several fringe science articles with Wikipedia's policies on viewpoint.

title: User:Christopher Thomas


text:
User:FrozenRose

Hi, well we are supposed to make these pages so we can monitor stuff, and so our teacher can give us assignments.

title: User:FrozenRose


text:
User:Jubes09

my teacher told me to make this to keep track of pages im interested in........( that hes interested in actually)

title: User:Jubes09


text:
User:Mine15

oh hey people. i have this site now because my teacher wanted me to get it for my photography class. aint it neat?! i only need it so i can keep track of sites we go on. oh yeah!

Good to see you Sonja.... Welcome to another year!!!!!!! Weaponofmassinstruction 16:12, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Mine15


text:
Pierre Wynants

Pierre Wynants (born 5 March 1939) is a Belgian chef. He owned and led the Comme chez Soi restaurant in Brussels.

Under his ownership, the restaurant held three Michelin stars from 1979 until 2006.

In 2004, he created the menu of the Ostend Queen establishment. This restaurant received a rather good review in the 2005 Benelux edition Michelin restaurant guide (or Benelux Michelin Guide), although the restaurant had not opened at the time of publication of the guide. This breach of the renowned guide's rules created quite a stir in the Belgian press, particularly in Le Soir. Shortly after this scandal, the managers of the France-based restaurant guide recalled all fifty thousand copies of the newly published guide.

In 2007 he passed over control of Comme chez Soi to his son-in-law Lionel Rigolet.

title: Pierre Wynants


text:
1923 in Germany

Events in the year 1923 in Germany.

National level

 * President - Friedrich Ebert (Social Democrats)

 * Chancellor - Wilhelm Cuno (Non-partisan) (to 12 August), Gustav Stresemann (German People's Party) (to 30 November), Wilhelm Marx (Centre) (from 30 November)

Events

 * 11 January – French and Belgian troops enter the Ruhr in the Occupation of the Ruhr because of Germany’s refusal to pay war reparations, causing strikes and a severe economic crisis.
 * 20 April – Julius Streicher's antisemitic newspaper Der Stürmer begins publication.
 * 13 August – The First Stresemann cabinet was sworn in.
 * 15 September – Germany's bank rate is raised to 90% due to hyperinflation. See 1920s German inflation.
 * 26 September:
 * Chancellor Gustav Stresemann calls for an end to passive resistance and protests by Germans against the French and Belgian Occupation of the Ruhr.
 * The German government declares a state of emergency under Article 48 of the German Weimar Constitution. It will last until February 1924.
 * October — as part of the German October, German communists scheme to seize power in the Weimar Republic.
 * 6 October – The Second Stresemann cabinet was sworn in.
 * 21 October – A separatist government is formed in the Rhineland Palatinate and is quickly recognized by the French government.
 * 23 October – The communist Hamburg Uprising begins with left-wing extremists' attacks against numerous police stations in Hamburg and the erection of barricades. By the end of 24 October, the uprising was defeated.
 * 9 November – In the Beer Hall Putsch, key members of the Nazi Party and their sympathizers, including Adolf Hitler, Hermann Göring and Erich Ludendorff, attempt a coup against the German government. The coup attempt is crushed and fifteen Nazis are killed by the Bavarian Landespolizei. The killed would-be putschists are later designated as the movement's key "blood martyrs". The Blutfahne used during the coup attempt becomes a key artifact of Nazi party mythology.
 * 15 November – The value of the German Papiermark falls to 4.2 mark to the United States dollar causing the German government to issue the Rentenmark as a replacement for the Papiermark to alleviate the hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic.
 * 23 November – Gustav Stresemann resigns as German Chancellor after a vote of no confidence from members of the government.
 * 30 November – The First Marx cabinet was sworn in.
 * 1 December – Centre Party member Wilhelm Marx forms a new coalition government becoming the new German Chancellor.
 * 8 December:
 * Germany signs an economic treaty with the United States.
 * The Reichstag passes an enabling act empowering the government to take all measures it deems necessary and urgent with regard to the state of emergency.

Arts and literature

 * Hermann Oberth publishes Die Rakete zu den Planetenraumen (The Rocket into Interplanetary Space)

Art

 * Max Beckmann made a self-portrait of himself holding a cigarette. The painting is currently housed at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

 * Wassily Kandinsky painted his Composition VIII while he was working at the Bauhaus school of art in Weimar. This completely non-representational work exemplifies his ground-breaking movement toward abstraction.

Births

 * 8 January – Joseph Weizenbaum, German computer scientist (died 2008)
 * 11 January – Ernst Nolte, German historian (died 2016)
 * 16 January – Anton-Günther, Duke of Oldenburg (died 2014)
 * 17 January – Horst E. Brandt, German film director (died 2009)
 * 19 January
 * Hellmut Lange, German actor (died 2011)
 * Markus Wolf, German head of the Main Directorate for Reconnaissance (died 2006)
 * 9 February – Heinz Drache, German actor (died 2002)
 * 10 March – Hans Riegel, German entrepreneur (died 2013)
 * 15 March – Willy Semmelrogge, German actor (died 1984)
 * 25 March – Reimar Lüst, German astrophysicist
 * 26 March – Gert Bastian, German politician (died 1992)
 * 22 April – Gero Wecker, German film producer (died 1974)
 * 23 April – Reinhart Koselleck, German historian (died 2006)
 * 23 May – Walter Wolfrum, German World War II Luftwaffe fighter ace (died 2010)
 * 26 May – Horst Tappert, German actor (died 2008)
 * 27 May – Henry Kissinger, German-born United States presidential advisor (died 2023)
 * 2 June – Margot Trooger, German actress (died 1994)
 * 9 June – Gerald Götting, German politician (died 2015)
 * 10 June – Georg Moser, German bishop of Roman-Catholic Church (died 1988)
 * 14 June – Judith Kerr, German-born British writer and illustrator (died 2019)
 * 7 August – Liane Berkowitz, German resistance fighter of the Red Orchestra organisation (died 1943)
 * 26 August – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor (died 2013)
 * 10 September – Uri Avnery, German-born Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement
 * 20 October – Otfried Preußler, German writer (died 2013)
 * 21 October – Erna de Vries, German Holocaust survivor (died 2021)
 * 22 October – Bert Trautmann, German footballer and goalkeeper (died 2013)
 * 4 November – Harry Valérien, German sports journalist (died 2012)
 * 5 November – Rudolf Augstein, German journalist (died 2002)
 * 12 November – Vicco von Bülow, German comedian, humorist, cartoonist, film director, actor and writer (died 2011)
 * 15 November – Rüdiger von Wechmar, German diplomat (died 2007)
 * 22 November – Hanna Maron, German-born Israeli actress
 * 15 December:
 * Uzi Gal, German-born Israeli gun designer, best remembered as the designer and namesake of the Uzi submachine gun (died 2002)
 * Inge Keller, German actress (died 2017)
 * 17 December – Jürgen Ponto, German bankier (died 1977)
 * 25 December – Sonia Olschanezky, German-born French Jewish World War II heroine (executed by German) (died 1944

Deaths

 * 1 February – Ernst Troeltsch, theologian and philosopher (born 1865)
 * 3 February – Siegmund Guenther, German geographer, historian and naturalist (born 1848)
 * 6 February – Gerdt von Bassewitz, German playwright and actor (born 1878)
 * 10 February – Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, physicist (born 1845)
 * 11 February – Helmuth von Maltzahn, German politician (born 1840)
 * 22 February – Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen, German composer (born 1853)
 * 23 April – Princess Louise of Prussia (born 1838)
 * 24 April – William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (born 1876)
 * 11 March – Karl von Müller, German German Imperial captain (born 1873)
 * 3 May – Ernst Hartwig, German astronomer (born 1851)
 * 17 May – Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (born 1852)
 * 21 May – Hans Goldschmidt, German chemist (born 1861)
 * 5 June – Carl von Horn, German general (born 1847)
 * 20 June – Princess Marie of Battenberg, German writer and translator (born 1852 in France)
 * 12 July – Ernst Otto Beckmann, German chemist and pharmacist (born 1853)
 * 4 September – Paul Friedländer, German chemist (born 1857)
 * 29 September – Walther Penck, German geologist and geomorphologist (born 1888)
 * 3 November – Carl Harries, German chemist (born 1866)
 * 9 November – Theodor von der Pfordten, Nazi paramilitary (born 1873)
 * 14 November – Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (born 1845)
 * 16 November – Guido Herzfeld, German actor (born 1851)
 * 20 November – Rudolf Havenstein, German lawyer and president of the Reichsbank (born 1857)
 * 17 December – Paul von Krause, German politician and jurist (born 1852)

title: 1923 in Germany


text:
Ukrainian Wikipedia

The Ukrainian Wikipedia (Українська Вікіпедія) is the Ukrainian language edition of the free online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. The first article was written on 30 January 2004. the Ukrainian Wikipedia has articles and is the  largest Wikipedia edition.

it is the second most visited language Wikipedia in Ukraine, with 90 million page views, behind the Russian Wikipedia, at 100 million page views. There is a long-term trend for the Ukrainian language edition to be increasingly favored in comparison to the historically dominant Russian language edition.

Quality of articles and popularity
In the Ukrainian Wikipedia, one area of knowledge has been covered to an extent greater than all other Wikipedias—the subject of mining, due to the considerable contribution by one person, Volodymyr Biletsky, a professor at Donetsk National Technical University. Using the Mining Encyclopedia, Biletsky has contributed over 10,000 articles on the subject to Ukrainian Wikipedia. In 2013, the Institute of History of Ukraine at the National Academy of Science gave permission to the Ukrainian Wikipedia to use the digital version of the Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine that was published online. The Higher School Academy of Science and Forest Engineering also allowed Wikipedia to freely use their information resources.

Generally, before the 2014 Maidan Revolution, Ukrainian Wikipedia hold approximately the 10 to 20 percent of the pageviews from Ukraine, depending on the season and steadily growing, reaching for first time a share of above 20% in late 2013. The success of Euromaidan and the subsequent improvement in Ukrainian language's status have positively impacted the reach of Ukrainian Wikipedia.

One of the areas where activity is notable is in Wiki Loves Monuments project, an annual international photo contest focused on cultural and historical monuments. Ukrainian Wikipedians were ranked 4th among 36 participating countries for the number of uploads of images as part of this project in 2012. In 2014, Ukrainian Wikipedians were the winners of the contest that year.

the Ukrainian Wikipedia is the second most popular Wikipedia in Ukraine, slightly below Russian, despite that both language versions have more than a million articles. This is attributed to the historic bilingualism in Ukraine, the Russification of Ukraine and the Ukrainian language during the Tsarist and Soviet era, and the popularity of Russian-language content in present-day Ukraine. However, the popularity of Ukrainian Wikipedia in Ukraine is increasing every year, compared to the Russian version.

In January 2016, the ratio of Russian to Ukrainian Wikipedia use was 4.6 times, decreasing to 2.6 times in January 2019, 2.4 times in January 2020, and 2 times in January 2021. Extrapolation shows that in 2025, in Ukraine, the popularity of the Ukrainian Wikipedia will be higher than the popularity of the Russian Wikipedia.

Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the difference between the two languages has further decreased, and in October 2022 it was just ten million pageviews (100 million pageviews for Russian in Ukraine and 90 million pageviews for Ukrainian), the lowest ever recorded. Due to the fact that many students consult Ukrainian Wikipedia for information about the literature works, the writers and other parts of the school curriculum, the pageviews of Ukrainian Wikipedia are generally halving during the summer. This trend is observed in many other Wikipedias of the former Soviet space, including Kazakh and Uzbek ones. The impact of this trend tends however to decrease as of 2023. In July 2023 Ukrainian had 61 million pageviews and Russian 87 million pageviews in Ukraine which is lesser than half of the difference 72 million pageviews (112 to 40) in July 2021.

Articles
Some articles of the Ukrainian Wikipedia have been taken from various sources, such as the Encyclopedia of Ukrainian Studies (about 6500), the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia, the Handbook of the History of Ukraine (edited by Podkova and Shust), the Encyclopedia of Mining of Volodymyr Biletskyy and from official sources of information of state institutions.

History of the Ukrainian language
A significant number of articles in Ukrainian Wikipedia relate to the history of the development of the Ukrainian language. A study in August 2012 counted over 8,000 articles mentioning the term "Ukrainian language" and over 1,400 articles with the term "history of Ukrainian language" and concluded that collectively represented a good coverage of its history and concepts. Articles about the history of Ukrainian language included articles about early publications like bibles printed in Ukrainian, grammar books, changes in phonetics through time, Ukrainian calligraphy, history of Ukrainian language within the context of the Soviet Union, linguicide and the banning of Ukrainian language by the Russian Government.

History and science
At the end of 2012, the Ukrainian Wikipedia contained over 1,500 articles relating to Ukrainian history. the Ukrainian Wikipedia contained 52 specific articles about Ukrainian astronomers and astronomo-geodesists, which have now been collated into a published book.

Community
Approximately twenty thousand users make at least one edit in Ukrainian Wikipedia. On average, three thousand editors are active per month.

Despite that the population of Ukraine is decreasing, Ukrainian Wikipedia has recorded an ever-increasing amount of active contributors throughout the 2010s and the early 2020s.

Wikimedia Ukraine is the chapter of Wikimedia foundation in Ukraine. It is charged with promoting Wikipedia in Ukraine. Apart from online editathons, Wikimedia Ukraine also hosts Wikimarathon, an article creation contest that includes article creation workshops which take place in various cities of Ukraine with the coordination of various Ukrainian Wikipedians. Wikimarathon takes place in late January, honouring the creation of Ukrainian Wikipedia on January 30, 2004. Wikimarathon workshops, as well the contest itself, have received significant coverage from Ukrainian media.

The most contributors of Ukrainian Wikipedia are from Ukraine. Many of them are from Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. Other Ukrainian oblasts which constitute the homeland of many Ukrainian Wikipedians are Lviv and Donetsk oblasts.

Blackout
On 21 January 2014, the Ukrainian Wikipedia community decided to block access to the portal every day between 4:00 and 4:30 PM in protest of "dictatorship laws" in Ukraine, that restrict the freedom of speech and pose a threat to the portal.

Statistics

On 1 October 2005, Ukrainian Wikipedia reached the 20,000-article mark. The milestone of 250,000 articles was officially reached on 21 December 2010, and 860,000 people had viewed 30 million articles in that month alone.

By 2012, with over 400,000 articles and 100 million words, the Ukrainian Wikipedia by far had content larger than the largest printed encyclopedia at that time — the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia.

On 23 March 2020, the Ukrainian Wikipedia reached 1,000,000 articles, when user Oleh Kushch published an article about American folk singer Odetta.

the Ukrainian Wikipedia has nearly 3.6 million visitors every day. The Ukrainian Wikipedia at that time was on the 16th place in the ranking of the world's Wikipedias.

Milestones

 * 30 January 2004 — 1st article
 * 4 April 2004 — 1,000 articles
 * 18 June 2004 — 5,000 articles
 * 16 December 2004 — 10,000 articles
 * 1 October 2005 — 20,000 articles
 * 15 October 2006 — 30,000 articles
 * 12 November 2006 — 40,000 articles
 * 16 January 2007 — 50,000 articles
 * 17 May 2007 — 60,000 articles
 * 9 September 2007 — 70,000 articles
 * 13 December 2007 — 80,000 articles
 * 24 January 2008 — 90,000 articles
 * 28 March 2008 — 100,000 articles
 * 13 July 2008 — 120,000 articles
 * 30 May 2009 — 150,000 articles
 * 7 April 2010 — 200,000 articles
 * 20 December 2010 — 250,000 articles
 * 7 July 2011 — 300,000 articles
 * 28 December 2011 - 350 000 articles
 * 20 September 2012 — 400,000 articles
 * 12 May 2014 — 500,000 articles
 * 13 November 2015 — 600,000 articles
 * 4 June 2017 — 700,000 articles
 * 10 July 2018 — 800,000 articles
 * 19 April 2019 — 900,000 articles
 * 23 March 2020 — 1,000,000 articles
 * 5 July 2021 — 1,100,000 articles
 * 10 October 2022 — 1,200,000 articles
 * 9 December 2023 — 1,300,000 articles

title: Ukrainian Wikipedia