text:
User:Anthere/box

Why did you blank the election disendorsements page?
Hi, what did you expect would happen following your blanking of the disendorsements page? Did you think that everyone would immediately have nothing negative to say about anyone anymore?! --Rebroad 13:30, 25 Nov 2004 (UTC)

I did not expect anything really special to happen. I mostly wanted to see what would be done, in particular if editors would proceed in the way of criticizing editors in such a disastrous way. In short, I did something that anyone could do, or could reverse, which was done.

However, I think that maintaining a list to only put criticism on people is just such a poor move it should just not exist. I think it is forgetting that most editors on Wikipedia are people giving hours of personal time in a common goal and in good faith.

In a community, there are enough reasons to be in disagreement, and enough reasons to get mad at each other, that setting a public list only to say "this person is just plain bad and plain wrong" is an extremely destructive idea in the long run. I absolutely do not support the idea.

Incidently, I find quite interesting that so unwikilove comments are left in this page, while my own comments were censored. I would suggest that the editor who censored me either restores part of my comments or that he apologizes to me.

In all cases, I never involve myself in english wikipedia policies. However, since I was asked to approve the current procedure for election of AC, I consider it is part of board activities to be involved in this case. And the procedure did not involve such a page.

It would be very seriously wrong to claim I prevent people to say negative comments about others. I made comments on the talk page on that topic. I have voiced myself enough criticism of some editors in 3 years not to claim voicing criticism is bad and should not be done :-)

Consequently, I have a constructive suggestion to make :-) Since on one hand some people want this page dedicated to criticism, and on the other hand, this page is not part of the procedure, what about keeping that page, but not as a subpage of the AC election ?

" there are

few ants

here! "

said the hummingbird ,

darting ,

drinking in

sun-wrought

nectar

 * I must absolutely remember to plant a couple of sunflowers in the garden.... :-)

Vandal?
Think yourself lucky only to be called a vandal. He accused me of election fraud. However I don't think Xed is a troll in the usual sense of the word. I honestly dont think he knows what he is doing. He is the brightest of people and simple assumes that if anyone does anything that he disagrees with then it's perfectly acceptable for him to say the first thing that comes into his head. He never backs down, even when clearly in the wrong, so there is no point in trying to reason with him I'm afraid. Fortunately for the most part, eveyone just ignores him. Theresa Knott (The snott rake) 09:55, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Hummm ?

This place is really populated by strange people ;-) Okay... I will only put him on the ignore list then. What is a bit problematic in such cases, is that if old participants know of these types of personalities, they can avoid or ignore those. But I believe a newbie could be pretty much discouraged in participating to Wikipedia by such a person.

You know what I find real tough Theresa ? Since I basically do not have any more time to participate to the english wikipedia, there are many many people I just do not know now. When I read the anti-endorsment page, I can guess that most participants to it are not amongst our best elements, but I am just not sure. Because in most cases, I do not know these people. Or if I do, it is only by earsay, not primary experience.

This is essentially the experience of a newbie. And the experience is tough, because when you navigate in policy discussion pages, you can find many of those often unpleasant personalities. And most of them are specifically involved in those pages. If you are a newbie, or just dropping by from time to time, you have no idea of the weight and quality of each person and general respect for it, and it makes it a rather uncomfortable experience.

I realise two things. First how much a web of trust might help, even though a web of trust might have bad consequences in excluding personalities which are important elements but often difficult to deal with. Second, that in dealing with Foundation issues, how lucky we are that basically all those involved are really good people. Even though we may not agree all the time, all involved do their best and they want to do the best.

Well, thanks for your comment :-)

Meetup
Your name is on the list at Meetup/NYC for December 12. In case you forgot to check the page, the venue and time have been both been set. We are planning on meeting at the Moonstruck Diner at 1:30pm. Just wanted to let you know. --   – Ram-Man (comment) (talk)   23:09, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

RFC pages on VfD
Should RFC pages be placed on VfD to be deleted? I'm considering removing Requests for comment/Slrubenstein, Requests for comment/Jwrosenzweig and Requests for comment/John Kenney from WP:VFD. Each of them was listed by CheeseDreams. Your comments on whether I should do this would be appreciated. - Ta bu shi da yu 03:18, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Hey, I'm going to shift your comments to the new admin noticeboard... if you have any specific objections to this please let me know. - Ta bu shi da yu 22:31, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Unverified images
Hi! Thanks for uploading the following image:

 * Image:DjeDje.jpg
 * Image:Dune.JPG

I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GNU Free Documentation License,  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know at my talk page where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 04:02, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)

P.S. You can help tag other images at User:Yann/Untagged_Images. Thanks again.

Image tagging
Hi Anthere! Thanks for uploading the following images:

 * Image:Dune.JPG
 * Image:Dune1.JPG
 * Image:Dune3.JPG
 * Image:Dune4.JPG
 * Image:Papillote.jpg   — Edwin Stearns | Talk 21:03, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I notice they currently don't have image copyright tags. Could you add one to each to let us know its copyright status?

You can use  : if you release it under the GNU Free Documentation License,

   This work is copyrighted and unlicensed. It does not fall into one of the blanket fair use categories listed at Fair use or Fair use. However, it is believed that the use of this work: qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Fair use and Copyrights.
 * To illustrate the object in question
 * Where no free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information
 * On the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation ,

To the uploader: Please add a detailed fair use rationale for each use, as described on Image description page, as well as the source of the work and copyright information.

'''This tag should not be used. Instead, use either one of the more specific tags listed at Image copyright tags or {{Non-free fair use in|article name}}.'''

if you claim fair use, and so on. Click here for a list of the various tags.

If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know at my talk page where you got the image from, and I'll tag it for you. Thanks so much. Denni ☯ 04:23, 2004 Dec 13 (UTC)

P.S. You can help tag other images at Untagged_Images. Thanks again.

P.P.S. I hope all is well with you, and that you are enjoying your labors with Angela and Jimbo. :)

 * Looking here, I'd like to add that the following images need tags:

Any more tags would be a great help. Thanks! --[[User:Ricky81682|Ricky81682 (talk)]] 08:11, Dec 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * Image:Acacia.JPG
 * Image:Dessication.JPG
 * Image:SablePlante.JPG
 * Image:Hoggar.JPG
 * Image:Hoggar2.JPG
 * Image:Hoggar5.JPG
 * Image:Oasis.JPG
 * Image:Sahara3.JPG
 * Image:Sahara5.JPG

All my pictures are gfdl unless otherwise mentionned. You are welcome to run a bot on all of them to add a gfdl tag on them.

Salut Sweet & Fluffy!
Sacre bleu! Steve is back! And he's contributing like crazy to anti-bias changes to linguistics stuff.

In fact I just began doing the same to French language because it was apparently written by a frustrated American who failed his french course. Hope you like my changes

-

Vacations
I am on wikivacations till the 2nd of january 2005. SweetLittleFluffyThing

RFC
If you don't mind me asking, I'd appriciate your support at Requests for comment/Mbecker. Thanks. — マイケル   ₪  04:40, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

Main namespace cleanup
In an effort to clean up the main namespace, I've moved your old main namespace userpage to User:Anthere/old, as there's some edit history you might want to keep. Otherwise just delete it. --fvw *  12:29, 2004 Dec 31 (UTC)

Call for AMA election
AMA Member Advocate,

There's a poll currently in the AMA Homepage about making a new AMA Coordinator election. Please, cast your vote there (though it's not mandatory). Any comments you have about this, write it on the AMA Homepage talk page. Cheers, --Neigel von Teighen 18:43, 4 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Call for Membership Meeting
Hi Anthere, how have you been. It's been a while since we have communicated. Here is the blurb I am posting on all AMA members pages. Hope you can participate:

As AMA Coordinator I am requesting that suggestions be placed on AMA Membership Meeting plans for our first membership meeting, to be held in the near future, (hopefully before any election occurs.) Since we have never had any kind of "official" meeting we need to discuss how this will occur (i.e. Wiki pages or IRC channel), how it will be structured (i.e. meeting agenda) and if there will be any "chair" to supervise the meeting and meeting "secretary" to write up minutes or keep some kind of official record of what transpires. Thanks in advance for your input and your continued work as an advocate. — ©   Alex756   19:35, 5 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Is this a typo?
Hi Anthere. I just read the article on Civility. It's got a link to your original article incivility and a comment saying that the original article was called "uncivility". Is this a typo I should fix? PaulHammond 16:52, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Bee Image
Hi Anthere. You wanted a bee image? How about this one? Pollinator 14:44, Jan 16, 2005 (UTC)

OFFICIAL AMA MEETING NOTICE
The first AMA Membership meeting will be held on Sunday January 23, 2005 at 19:00 UTC on freenode IRC channel #AMA. That is 2 PM Eastern NA Time, 11 AM Pacific NA Time, and 8 PM Central European (Amsterdam/Stokholm/Warsaw/Venice) Time. All members are invited to attend. — ©   Alex756   19:42, 16 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Logs of first AMA Membership meeting
You may view the log of the first meeting on the following two pages: AMA IRC Meeting log (1-23-05) (first hour) and AMA IRC Meeting log (1-23-05) Pt II (remainder of meeting). If you are interested in commenting on the agenda of the meeting please do so here:AMA Meeting (suggested topics).

OFFICIAL SECOND MEETING NOTICE AND REQUEST FOR INFORMATION

 * "The second AMA Membership meeting will be held on Sunday January 30 2005 at 19:00 UTC on freenode IRC channel #AMA. That is 2 PM Eastern NA Time, 11 AM Pacific NA Time, and 8 PM Central European (Amsterdam/Stokholm/Warsaw/Venice) Time. All members are invited to attend." The coordinator is requesting that members submit the following information for the upcoming coordinator’s report:

 * How many individuals did you help as an advocate
 * What is the maximum amount of time you put into a case
 * Do you feel your work as an advocate was successful?
 * How can the advocacy program of the AMA be improved?

Thank you. Please submit your responses here: AMA Coordinator/January 2005 Survey

 * — ©   Alex756   23:01, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC) (The Coordinator)

Using the Signpost to test rules
Anthere, I think that is a good suggestion regarding using the Signpost to discuss rules that may need to be changed. I will bring it up at the next meeting. It would be nice if you could come to a meeting, I don't know if the time is bad for you, Michael Snow can't make that time, but we haven't set another time yet for our third meeting so if you have any suggestions it would be great for you to attend (but if you can't I know you are busy with a lot of activities on Wikipedia). — ©   Alex756   23:35, 23 Jan 2005 (UTC)

User:Anthere/PictAlgerie
Greetings. Did you take the photos listed at User:Anthere/PictAlgerie? How should I tag them? – Quadell (talk) (help) 23:18, Jan 24, 2005 (UTC)

Foundation wiki
Hi Anthere. Did you see a message from me on the foundation wiki a few days ago about the next board meeting? It seems to have disappeared completely, both from your talk page and from my contributions list.
 * aie, no, I saw nothing :-(

Also, do you know if anything happened about Arno having no access to that wiki?
 * nothing either...

I'll be back on IRC tomorrow and it would be good to arrange a time/date for the next meeting then if possible. Angela. 02:21, Jan 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * agreed...
 * SweetLittleFluffyThing

Image Copyrights
Instead of getting lost in your talk page, this image copyright declaration should be in your user page, IMHO.

All my pictures are gfdl unless otherwise mentionned. You are welcome to run a bot on all of them to add a gfdl tag on them.

In spite of your permission for anyone to edit your user page, I'm too timid to edit it. Sorry for wasting your time.

Oh, BTW I tagged some of them gfdl. -- Paddu 06:18, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * You have uploaded these images with the description "Courtesy of Ginette":
 * Image:Rudbeckia 2002.jpg
 * Image:RhodoP.jpg
 * Image:Echinops.jpg
 * Image:Cosmos tubulaire.jpg
 * Image:Muscaris-2.JPG
 * Depending on their copyright and/or the permission we have, these images should be updated with an appropriate tag, e.g. Template:CopyrightedFreeUse, Template:CopyrightedFreeUseProvided, Template:PD, Template:Noncommercial, Template:NoncommercialProvided, Template:Copyrighted, Template:Fairuse, Template:PermissionAndFairUse, etc. -- Paddu 10:43, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

You should not be so timid :-) Anyway, I am planning a big clean up in my page descriptions. So, I have this mentionned here, I know where they are and I'll do them. SweetLittleFluffyThing

OFFICIAL THIRD MEETING NOTICE AND REQUEST FOR INFORMATION
The second AMA IRC Membership meetingwas held on Sunday January 30, 2005 at 19:00 UTC on freenode.net IRC channel #AMA. Attending were Wally, Metasquares, Anthere, Sam Spade, and alex756 (coordinator). The log of the second meeting can be found here: AMA IRC Meeting log (1-30-05).

"The third AMA Membership meeting will be held on Saturday February 12, 2005 at 17:00 UTC on freenode IRC channel #AMA. That is 12:00 Noon Eastern NA Time, 9 AM Pacific NA Time, and 6 PM Central European (Amsterdam/Stokholm/Warsaw/Venice) Time. All members are invited to attend.

Suggested Topics and Specific Proposals

 * MEMBERS PLEASE REVIEW

 * Suggestions for topics/proposals and agenda to be discussed at the next meeting are to be found at: AMA Meeting (suggested topics). All members are requested to make proposals there and respond to proposals on the talk page there before the beginning of the next meeting so discussion can be held forthwith concerning such proposals. Thank you, your Coordinator.

The coordinator is requesting that members who have not done so already submit the following information for the upcoming coordinator’s report:

 * How many individuals did you help as an advocate
 * What is the maximum amount of time you put into a case
 * Do you feel your work as an advocate was successful?
 * How can the advocacy program of the AMA be improved?

Thank you. Please submit your responses here. — ©   Alex756   23:18, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Requests to view deleted articles
Can you please show me the wikitext of any significant content that was in List of civilian killed by US force in Fallujah? anthony 警告 18:48, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * sent by email :-)
 * I don't see it (in any of my email accounts, but specifically not in the account I have set in my preferences here, if that's the one you used). I've actually never received an email through the Wikipedia email system, but I hear that it works sometimes for some people.  anthony 警告 04:12, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Adding some more articles to the list:
 * Kokomo High School
 * Quince Orchard High School
 * Valentine Rural High School

I've sent you an email, so hopefully you'll get it. anthony 警告 17:48, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Here we are :-) SweetLittleFluffyThing

 * Shawn Mikula anthony 警告 16:55, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Sigh... well, if you received nothing, me neither. Can you try again at anthere AT wikimedia.org please ? SweetLittleFluffyThing 15:06, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Signpost contributions
If you want to write an article, the process we've used so far is to create a draft on a subpage in your user namespace. It gets moved later when it's added to the next issue. If you could let me know what subject you plan to write about, that would be appreciated so that we don't duplicate our efforts. --Michael Snow 18:50, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Grant meeting
It is unlikely that I'll attend, as its at 8:00 am here, and my home DSL has been down all weekend. If I wake up tomorrow and it's been fixed (most unlikely, as the company hasn't ever fixed service issues for me on a Sunday in the past), I'll try to attend. Gentgeen 06:09, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

User:Zanimum/Quarto
The cover's up albeit with a different image. -- user:zanimum

Your images are being deleted
You'd uploaded the following images with not much copyright info. I can't assume they are GFDL since you've marked them as "courtesy of Ginette", who/whatver Ginette is. Note that all of them were tagged and Image:Cosmos tubulaire.jpg even got deleted. Image:Echinops.jpg got marked as GFDL by User:Quadell. Are the images GFDL or fair-use or copyvio or what? I feel these nice pictures shouldn't be lost unless that is required by the laws. -- Paddu 08:16, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Rudbeckia 2002.jpg
 * Image:RhodoP.jpg
 * Image:Echinops.jpg
 * Image:Cosmos tubulaire.jpg
 * Image:Muscaris-2.JPG

 * All my images are gfdl. As mentionned above.

 * I am extremely upset my image got deleted without the curtesy of asking me before hand. I think I will not come back here for a while. I am upset I lost my time. And mostly, this is not a way to manage people to delete their work without talking to them. I thank you very much for telling me Paddu. Thanks a lot. SweetLittleFluffyThing

 * I found a copy of the deleted Image:Cosmos_tubulaire.jpg at, and uploaded it. —AlanBarrett 18:16, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * This was extremely nice of you Alan. I did not think of mirrors... this is a great idea I will think of next time. Thanks a lot. ant

Hello Anthere. I'm Quadell, and I deleted Image:Cosmos tubulaire.jpg (which Alan Barrett graciously restored) because it had no licensing or source information and it was listed on Images and media for deletion for over a week with no objections. I should have contacted you first, however, and I apologize. I'm glad that the image has been restored, and that no permanent harm was done. I'll be more careful to contact the uploader in the future.
 * Thank you. SweetLittleFluffyThing

The only way to ensure that more of your lovely photographs are not deleted is to place image tags on them. If I run into any more of your photographs, I'll certainly tag them for you, but other people might not. As you can see, there have been several different people who have listed your untagged images as possible copyright violations or as images for deletion.
 * Yes, they asked the status and I answered.

Thanks for your understanding, and I hope I haven't hurt our working relationship here. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 20:29, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * In fairness, Anthere, you were advised on by Paddu at 10:43, 26 Jan 2005 that the images had no image tags. It is not exactly as if no-one had brought the matter to your attention. Even if you were not warned of their deletion, the more general problem was brought to your attention a month before the deletion took place. I'm upset that you identify the problem as being with the Untagged Images project, rather than more generally with the WP:IFD process. I have amended the rubric on that page to seek to remind users to contact uploaders before deletion. --Tagishsimon (talk)
 * I was asked the status, and I answered the status. When I am asked, I assume that when I answer, it is taken into account. Otherwise, why asking ??? I have no clear idea whether the problem is with the tagging process or the deletion process, it seems it is the deletion process. But tagging is also done on other projects and I do not think my images were deleted for having no tags, since I mentionned all were gfdl. Wikipedia is horribly slow, and I am very sorry, but I really am overworked and can not assume anymore being an editor on the english wikipedia. I can't assume checking votes for deletion on all projects I have been participating to in the past 3 years. I think this is the last time I upload images on the english wikipedia. If I have no time to watch for deletion of my contributions, it is best I do not contribute at all. I think (I have the weakness to think) that I give enough of my time everyday to wikipedia, that by default my work would be trusted to obey the project rules. More than 2 years ago, while trying to attract people on Wikipedia, I spent a lot of time on forum trying to convince people to join. There was this old lady who loved gardening, she had many pictures in her garden. I made several articles about these plants on fr:wiki, not really on en: but I uploaded her pictures with her blessing nevertheless. I thought it was good idea to thanks her with her little name on the image upload page. I hoped she would come, and unfortunately she never did. This is because I thanked her on the upload page that her pictures get deleted. SweetLittleFluffyThing 04:50, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I think this is the last time I upload images on the english wikipedia.. I'd hope as a good wikipedian that you'd be uploading only to the commons from now on ;) --Tagishsimon (talk)
 * I hope you do not doubt I am a good wikipedia... :-) my last upload (without much tags, nor sources, nor description yet, this community excepted that I first finish to upload the whole batch to do it all in a row) :-) Anthere
 * I know you to be one of the angels, Anthere. :) --Tagishsimon (talk)

Note that it is possible to look up all of your contributions in a certain namespace. Image is namespace 6, so this link will give your (Anthere's) last 50 contributions (minor contribs hided) in the image namespace. 500 per page would be a good start, but the server doesn't want to cooperate today ('MySQL server has gone away'). — mark ✎ 20:30, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

If the image has been there long enough to get into the upload dumps you can retrive it there, e.g. all the images which have been deleted since 2005-02-03 but existed before that time are in the 20050203_upload.tar dump avalible at http://download.wikimedia.org/archives/en/

User:NetBot
Thanks for noting its status. Can you please unblock the account? It was on indefinite block by RickK pending approval, and he would prefer that someone else unblock it. -- Netoholic @ 18:19, 2005 Mar 2 (UTC)

Looxix admin
Yo! Fluff! What up with Looxix becoming an en admin? I didn't see this go by on the radar screen, nor is there any explanation. Love, Cecropia | explains it all ® 23:33, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I explained it all on your talk page. Much apologies, but no worry, I made him sysop with one hand here and unsysoped him from the other hand on meta. Sorry. Ant

Thanks for the response. I was sure you had a good reason, but I just couldn't figure it. No problem. -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 06:50, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I'm sorry I didn't tag those images GFDL
You'd said all images are GFDL unless mentioned otherwise. So some of these images had the info. "Courtesy of Ginette". Not knowing what Ginette is (googling gave a french site that I couldn't understand), I skipped marking them as GFDL. To the best of my knowledge I tagged the rest of your untagged images (as of the time when I last posted here) as GFDL. I should probably have tagged these Ginette images also as GFDL. That would have avoided the deletion. Sorry! -- Paddu 20:23, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I didn't know until now that deleted images, unlike deleted articles couldn't be undeleted. -- Paddu 20:37, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Oops! Is this another similar bad news?
. Couldn't find that image on googling. -- Paddu 14:49, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * .... Anthere

Anthere
You said:
 * And seriously consider making public apologies for deleting images without asking their author first, even though you know perfectly their author since you come on their own personal pages to remove the links to the iamges as well.

Anthere, in the past two weeks I have deleted over a thousand images. I have been long concerned about the number of untagged and unused images on Wikipedia, taking up space on the server, and often violating copyright law as well (there's no way to tell for sure if there's no source information). I tagged many thousands of images myself, and I started the image tagging project to encourage other users to tag tens of thousands more. I started the image sleuthing project to determine the copyright statuses of images that are difficult to determine – but it's slow work, since we can only work on about fifteen images at a time, and there's a backlog of tens of thousands. I started the Image recreation project, and nearly a hundred useful but copyrighted images have been recreated in GFDL form so far. I've worked hard on Possibly unfree images and Copyright problems, clearing out months of backlog that no one else wanted to do. I've worked perhaps thirty hours a week, unpaid of course, working on images. I've only deleted images according to policy: those that were listed on Images and media for deletion for over a week, or Possibly unfree images for over thirty days. I have never received a word of thanks from you or anyone else on the Wikimedia board for my efforts.

And yet, when I deleted two images that you had uploaded, I was chastised. Even though the images were not used on any articles in Wikipedia. Even though the only reason they existed on Wikipedia, apparently, was that you like them. Even though you had been asked multiple times by several different users to tag your images, but have so far declined, expecting someone else to "run a bot" and do your work for you. Even though the images themselves clearly indicated that you did not take the photos and presumably did not own the copyright, and there was no indication that the copyright holder approved of their use on Wikipedia.

If you want your images kept, please tag them. If you're unwilling to tag them, then don't expect others to care for your images more than you do. I am available for mediation if you think it appropriate.

But it is this focus on the negative – this tendency to chastise rather than thank – that gets good, hard-working people to leave Wikipedia.

– Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 13:06, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

Continued drama
You said: "I do not deny your work. I just regret that you deny other people work." But I don't deny that other people work. Perhaps I don't understand your accusation.

You said: "A couple of these insect images, I hesitated selling them. Ie, making money with them. I did not. I stupidely gave them to Wikipedia. Because I liked them and believed in the project." That's wonderful that you care for the project. I do too, and I don't think it's stupid. By the way, you can still sell your images if you like; the GFDL does not prevent this.
 * Not really. Once they were on the net, they used it :-)

You said: "Actually, have you any idea of the time I spend daily doing work, sometimes very boring work, for *you*, so that to try that this project work ?" Yes I do. We both do this. We should be allies in this. Your hostility toward me is confusing.

You said: "I feel not ashamed to please ask that someone run a bot on them for me." You shouldn't feel ashamed for that. But it's one thing to take responsibility for your images, and ask people until someone says yes; it's another thing to simply put out a blanket request and assume that that's good enough, and that you're not responsible for your images anymore.
 * true. Though, in a sense, I am no more responsible of my images since they are now owned by Wikipedia.

You said: "Only the little bunch of images where I had the weakness to thank the original author were not mine. All the other images are mine, and you have no reason to doubt this." It isn't a weakness to thank the original author; it's a requirement. It's also required to get their permission to release the images under the terms of the GFDL. I believe you had taken the picture of the insects having sex, but I had no way of knowing this when I listed it as an "untagged orphan". If the image description page had said "I took this picture", I would have tagged it as GFDL. But there was no information. Images that are untagged, that have no source information, and that aren't used in articles are routinely listed on IFD. It's absolutely nothing personal, Anthere.
 * I believe there is absolutely no requirement to put on an image description "I took this picture" to be assumed to be the author. By default, we generally assume that we are the author. If that changed, we should update the uploading text to have uploaders mention they are the author. Right now, it is not the case. Secondly, when I uploaded all these images, I also agreed to do so under the gfdl. Not under no licence. So, by default,my images are in effect under gfdl. Similarly, if this was not the case, the uploading text asking us to engage we were uploading under gfdl should not have been there. No information in reality did not mean no author and no license. At that time at least, it meant we trusted people, the pictures were under gfdl and the uploaders were authors unless mentionned.

You said: "Where I a totally unknown editor, I might understand your unwillingness to trust an editor by default, by in my case, I think it is ludicrous to consider that by default I cheated." I didn't assume by default that you cheated. I didn't assume anything. Several people, including me, politely asked you tag your images. You declined. I see now, on the top of your talk page, is a helpful notice that all your images are released under the GFDL. That's great, but that notice wasn't there when I listed your images on ifd on February 3, over a month ago. I would never accuse you of cheating, Anthere. Also, I believe that the same rules should apply for all users. When I would run into images with no image tag, no information of where it came from or who the creator was, and not used in articles, I would list them on IfD. And I treated images the same, whether they came from an anonymous user or a Wikimedia board member. I don't think we should treat certain users special, or that different rules should apply to certain people. I think you would agree.
 * No, I added the tag to my talk page in december. See . Only afterwards, someone told me it would be more visible on my user page. But by february the 3rd, there was already a note saying the pictures were all under gfdl if needed. If it was not to be used, it was no use asking me.

You said: "No. I will not tag my images. At this point, it is a matter of principle." Come on, Anthere. You're bigger than that. Violating Wikipedia policy as a matter of principle is something people like Cheesedreams do, not you. At this point, it's moot anyway. I now know, and all involved know, that all your images are released under the GFDL. Any that I encounter, I will tag GFDL.
 * Violating ? Look, I hope you will be logical on this. On one hand, you consider my images have no author and no tag. Right ? So, are likely to be copyright violations and should be deleted. *You* take the right to delete them for copyright violation. On the other hand, I try to claim I am the author and they are under gfdl, but they get deleted anyway. So EITHER they are with no author and no tag, and I am authorized to delete them just as much as you, OR they are under gfdl, and any of us deleting them would do a violation. But I see not why I would be in violation in deleting them, while you would have this right. Okay ?

You said: "There are people who are so busy paining editors by destroying their work and not apologizing, that it gets good, hard-working people to leave Wikimedia." All your images were restored, and I'm grateful. I already apologized to you, but I found your request for a more public apology to be condescending and distasteful.
 * Sorry then. You may not strictly understand the motivation of those who add pictures to Wikipedia. Whenever I go somewhere, I think of Wikipedia. I take my camera, and spent half of my day outside, trying to take the best pictures. Say I take a 100 in an afternoon. 90 I will put in trash. 10 I will uppload here, and possibly 1 will be used in the end, sometimes making the featured image here or on the german wikipedia for example. Contrary to text where our contributions are mixed with others, we stay the author of an image, and it is extremely difficult to see that a gift was just dump when it was giving in good faith. That afternoon, when I took the copulative insect, I also took some damsel which I am terribly proud of (they made the featured image on de). I cannot give up authorship of these images, and never will. I see their deletion as a direct attack to me, which I regret, but it is just simply a fact.
 * The problem I have with what you do is not with all the work you do with the tagging of course, it is mostly with the fact you do not check with people. But I should recognise that the only issue is that you do not realise how people may be happy with their image. When you doubt of their author, when you doubt the gift made by the author, when you criticize the fact they are not used in an article, these are each time a sort of a blow. Most of the work we do on wikipedia will not let any sign in the future. Who knows which articles we contributed to ? Who know which rules we helped to set ? No one but a couple of people will remember. These is why images are a bit different, they are not collaborative. They are sensible material. And it pains me to see gift just trashed, for no reason than a doubt which could be clarified in 10 seconds. This is what is causing me problem. And I see absolutely no sign that you understand that in the future, and no sign you will now try to tell people beforehand. I thought that after the Algeria and Ginette pictures, all was fixed. I did not realise a couple of insects were missing tags. I thought all these were done. And now I wonder which is the next image I will find missing.

Athere, will you please accept mediation with me? I can't believe we're destined to be antagonists here. We're both hard-working contributors, we've both uploaded our images here because we believe in the project, and we both work in good faith to improve the place. And you've given hints (forgive me if I'm wrong) that you have considered leaving Wikipedia over this. I've entertained such thoughts as well. And that's insane, for two good contributors to drive each other away over what might be a misunderstanding. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 19:49, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Certainly do not leave wikipedia over this. That would be stupid. As for me, I am not leaving, I am taking a break. I just needed so badly you can not just begin to understand. Your image deletion is just a drop on top of an already overful glass. I tried already to explain my point of view, and my asking that you tell users before deleting (which you never did for the insect picture right ?), and I was clearly not successful. I do not think mediation will help you understand my point of view any better. As for your point of view, I understand it very well. You are perfectly correct I should have myself taggued all my images a long time ago. This is my mistake I did not, and I will try to assume in silence the future image deletion that are likely to occur for the ones left aside. At least, that might teach me collaborative work on images :-) Other than that, what to say but the fact I do not like so much the new english wikipedia where rules and automatisms have become more important than human editors, because as far as I can tell, human editors are still those giving content to the project. But that is all. Sorry for having upset you. For more of why I am on wikibreak, see . Anthere 06:22, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Request
I put up a request for mediation here. User:BCorr has volunteered to mediate. I hope you'll agree. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 23:52, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * I know you have expressed doubts that mediation would be effective. I still would be very glad if you would accept mediation here. I still believe we can work this out amicably. Thanks, – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 20:24, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

Resolution
Thank you for your understanding. Thanks for your apology for harshness; it means a lot to me. Your link helps me to see what you're going through. I want you to know that I have a deep respect for you as a contributor, and that I am now working very hard to make sure I contact the uploader before deleting images. I have withdrawn my request for mediation, and I wish you only the best. Regards, – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 14:25, Mar 9, 2005 (UTC)

RfC cc
Bonjour, it would be great if you could certify or endorse this, but if you'd rather not, I understand entirely. In any case, FYI:

Requests_for_comment/Calicocat

-- Viajero 13:34, 7 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Bring back quickpolls
I think it's time that quickpolls be re-evaluated as a solution to short term disputes between users. What say you? -- R yan!  |  Talk  05:20, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

Ten Key Values
Actually, the Ten Key Values are those of the US party; the other parties uses the Four Pillars. The 10KV are an expanded version of the FP and from what I can tell they are only used by the US party. -- LGagnon 18:06, Mar 13, 2005 (UTC)

"Porn Pictures" and Kids
Hello Anthere, I saw your message on my talk page. Now I'll be the 1st to confess I was overreacting on the Clitoris article (as a matter of fact I used to LOVE looking at playboy when I was in 'Nam, and still do once and while to this day) However, I personally think as a strong Christian that there's certain age when you should be exposed to those sort of things. As a matter of fact I discovered wikipedia because of my younger daughter Jen shown this site to me (she's under 18, and I don't want her to see picture like the one on Autofellatio). Now I understand you're French (I seen you're Bio page), you have very different cultural values than we Americans, however, in this country it's Illegal to show pornographic pictures to minors. Now I'm not making a legal threat (I’m no lawyer either but I was reading about it). However, if a parent sees that Autofellatio picture (or even the drawing possibly), your website my have some problems with the US Department of Justice. I'd love the idea of children's wikipedia, so long as it doesn't touch controversial topics such as Autofellatio. (Now I might be blocked for breaking the three-revert rule, for attempting the link the drawing). Thank you Anthere (or Florence which ever you prefer)--198 05:11, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Amendment: I am quiting wikipedia: Good Bye--198 07:41, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Anthere/box


text:
Jamesway

Jamesway Corporation, more commonly known as Jamesway, was a chain of discount department stores based in Secaucus, New Jersey. It was founded in 1961 with a single store in Jamestown, New York, ultimately growing into a chain that, at its peak, operated 138 stores throughout the Northeast and mid-Atlantic regions.

Despite its successes, Jamesway faced significant losses during its last years in business. This resulted in two bankruptcy filings, which ultimately put an end to the chain in 1995.

History
Jamesway began in 1961 with its first store by Herbert Fisher. The company got its name from the town in which the first store was located, Jamestown, New York. At its peak in 1991, the company operated 138 stores throughout the mid-Atlantic region of the United States and employed nearly 6,000. The company had locations in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Virginia, Delaware and other states. Jamesway's headquarters was in Secaucus, New Jersey. It expanded much in the 1960s, and continued to grow until the 1980s. During this period, it acquired many properties from then-defunct discount stores such as Two Guys, Woolco, King's, and one from Mays. They also acquired the Westons chain of discount stores in the late 1970s. The original store in Jamestown relocated to Chautauqua Mall in the late 1980s.

Jamesway #20, located in Monroe, New York, was destroyed by a major fire on April 29, 1990.

Bankruptcy
Peter Hollis, former president and CEO of Ames, joined Jamesway in 1991 and was named president in February of that year. In April 1991, in an effort to strengthen its financial position, the company secured a $40 million (~$ in ) refinancing agreement and closed 11 unprofitable stores. In January 1993, Jamesway rolled out a new store format and planned to completely remodel the 127-store chain within the following three years. The remodel would include completely redoing 30 stores in 1993. The remodeling efforts included better lighting, store layouts, and signage improvements throughout the store.

In June 1993, Joseph Ettore returned to Jamesway after a spell working for Stuart’s. Ettore had been with the company during its 1980s heyday, but when he returned the company’s financial state was much different. On July 19, 1993 the company filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. Before the filing, the chain had sales of $1.05 billion and 7,400 employees. In August 1993, the discounter said it cut 70 headquarters jobs and implemented a management realignment. "We want to stay in business," Ettore emphasized.

In December 1992, Jamesway closed 13 stores. In December 1993, Jamesway announced it would close 14 stores and remodel 11 stores as part of a plan to pull the company out of bankruptcy. Jamesway faced competition from other large chains such as Ames, Bradlees, Caldor and Hills, which started to open new stores in areas where Jamesway stores were already located. The chain emerged from bankruptcy in January 1995 with 90 stores remaining. The company put itself up for sale in May 1995. Ames was viewed as the most likely suitor for the chain. Hills and Caldor were also considered as possible suitors. At the time it put itself up for sale, the company had 5,900 employees. Jamesway filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy for the second time in October 1995 after it had emerged from its nearly two-year-long bankruptcy. Just days before its filing, the company laid off 3% of its workforce.

The company decided it would close all of its remaining stores, and liquidation sales began immediately, running from October to December 1995. It was believed that its continued weak sales, along with operating losses and constricted trade credit, contributed to its bankruptcy. During that time, Wal-Mart had begun to open new stores in the same areas as Jamesway stores, making Jamesway's fate inescapable. Ames purchased 11 former Jamesway stores and reopened them as Ames stores, but Ames would end up meeting the same fate as Jamesway - declaring bankruptcy in 2001 and then closing all of its stores in 2002.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jamesway


text:
Phosphatidic acid

Phosphatidic acids are anionic phospholipids important to cell signaling and direct activation of lipid-gated ion channels. Hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid gives rise to one molecule each of glycerol and phosphoric acid and two molecules of fatty acids. They constitute about 0.25% of phospholipids in the bilayer.

Structure
Phosphatidic acid consists of a glycerol backbone, with, in general, a saturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-1, an unsaturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-2, and a phosphate group bonded to carbon-3.

Formation and degradation
Besides de novo synthesis, PA can be formed in three ways: The glycerol 3-phosphate pathway for de novo synthesis of PA is shown here:
 * By phospholipase D (PLD), via the hydrolysis of the P-O bond of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to produce PA and choline.
 * By the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) by DAG kinase (DAGK).
 * By the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid by lysoPA-acyltransferase (LPAAT); this is the most common pathway.

In addition, PA can be converted into DAG by lipid phosphate phosphohydrolases (LPPs) or into lyso-PA by phospholipase A (PLA).

Roles in the cell
The role of PA in the cell can be divided into three categories:
 * PA is the precursor for the biosynthesis of many other lipids.
 * The physical properties of PA influence membrane curvature.
 * PA acts as a signaling lipid, recruiting cytosolic proteins to appropriate membranes (e.g., sphingosine kinase 1 ).
 * PA plays very important role in phototransduction in Drosophila.
 * PA is a lipid ligand that gates ion channels. See also lipid-gated ion channels.

The first three roles are not mutually exclusive. For example, PA may be involved in vesicle formation by promoting membrane curvature and by recruiting the proteins to carry out the much more energetically unfavourable task of neck formation and pinching.

Roles in biosynthesis
PA is a vital cell lipid that acts as a biosynthetic precursor for the formation (directly or indirectly) of all acylglycerol lipids in the cell.

In mammalian and yeast cells, two different pathways are known for the de novo synthesis of PA, the glycerol 3-phosphate pathway or the dihydroxyacetone phosphate pathway. In bacteria, only the former pathway is present, and mutations that block this pathway are lethal, demonstrating the importance of PA. In mammalian and yeast cells, where the enzymes in these pathways are redundant, mutation of any one enzyme is not lethal. However, it is worth noting that in vitro, the various acyltransferases exhibit different substrate specificities with respect to the acyl-CoAs that are incorporated into PA. Different acyltransferases also have different intracellular distributions, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mitochondria or peroxisomes, and local concentrations of activated fatty acids. This suggests that the various acyltransferases present in mammalian and yeast cells may be responsible for producing different pools of PA.

The conversion of PA into diacylglycerol (DAG) by LPPs is the commitment step for the production of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS). In addition, DAG is also converted into CDP-DAG, which is a precursor for phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphoinositides (PIP, PIP2, PIP3).

PA concentrations are maintained at extremely low levels in the cell by the activity of potent LPPs. These convert PA into DAG very rapidly and, because DAG is the precursor for so many other lipids, it too is soon metabolised into other membrane lipids. This means that any upregulation in PA production can be matched, over time, with a corresponding upregulation in LPPs and in DAG metabolising enzymes.

PA is, therefore, essential for lipid synthesis and cell survival, yet, under normal conditions, is maintained at very low levels in the cell.

Biophysical properties
PA is a unique phospholipid in that it has a small highly charged head group that is very close to the glycerol backbone. PA is known to play roles in both vesicle fission and fusion, and these roles may relate to the biophysical properties of PA.

At sites of membrane budding or fusion, the membrane becomes or is highly curved. A major event in the budding of vesicles, such as transport carriers from the Golgi, is the creation and subsequent narrowing of the membrane neck. Studies have suggested that this process may be lipid-driven, and have postulated a central role for DAG due to its, likewise, unique molecular shape. The presence of two acyl chains but no headgroup results in a large negative curvature in membranes.

The LPAAT BARS-50 has also been implicated in budding from the Golgi. This suggests that the conversion of lysoPA into PA might affect membrane curvature. LPAAT activity doubles the number of acyl chains, greatly increasing the cross-sectional area of the lipid that lies ‘within’ the membrane while the surface headgroup remains unchanged. This can result in a more negative membrane curvature. Researchers from Utrecht University have looked at the effect of lysoPA versus PA on membrane curvature by measuring the effect these have on the transition temperature of PE from lipid bilayers to nonlamellar phases using 31P-NMR. The curvature induced by these lipids was shown to be dependent not only on the structure of lysoPA versus PA but also on dynamic properties, such as the hydration of head groups and inter- and intramolecular interactions. For instance, Ca2+ may interact with two PAs to form a neutral but highly curved complex. The neutralisation of the otherwise repulsive charges of the headgroups and the absence of any steric hindrance enables strong intermolecular interactions between the acyl chains, resulting in PA-rich microdomains. Thus in vitro, physiological changes in pH, temperature, and cation concentrations have strong effects on the membrane curvature induced by PA and lysoPA. The interconversion of lysoPA, PA, and DAG – and changes in pH and cation concentration – can cause membrane bending and destabilisation, playing a direct role in membrane fission simply by virtue of their biophysical properties. However, though PA and lysoPA have been shown to affect membrane curvature in vitro; their role in vivo is unclear.

The roles of lysoPA, PA, and DAG in promoting membrane curvature do not preclude a role in recruiting proteins to the membrane. For instance, the Ca2+ requirement for the fusion of complex liposomes is not greatly affected by the addition of annexin I, though it is reduced by PLD. However, with annexin I and PLD, the extent of fusion is greatly enhanced, and the Ca2+ requirement is reduced almost 1000-fold to near physiological levels.

Thus the metabolic, biophysical, recruitment, and signaling roles of PA may be interrelated.

Role in signaling
PA is kept low in the bulk of the membrane in order to transiently burst and signal locally in high concentration. For example TREK-1 channels are activated by local association with PLD and production of PA. The dissociation constant of PA for TREK-1 is approximately 10 micromolar. The relatively weak binding combined with a low concentration of PA in the membrane allows the channel to turn off. The local high concentration for activation suggests at least some restrictions in local lipid diffusion. The bulk low concentration of PA combined with high local bursts is the opposite of PIP2 signaling. PIP2 is kept relatively high in the membrane and then transiently hydrolized near a protein in order to transiently reduce PIP2 signaling. PA signaling mirrors PIP2 signaling in that the bulk concentration of signaling lipid need not change to exert a potent local effect on a target protein.

As described above, PLD hydrolyzes PC to form PA and choline. Because choline is very abundant in the cell, PLD activity does not significantly affect choline levels; and choline is unlikely to play any role in signaling.

The role of PLD activation in numerous signaling contexts, combined with the lack of a role for choline, suggests that PA is important in signaling. However, PA is rapidly converted to DAG, and DAG is also known to be a signaling molecule. This raises the question as to whether PA has any direct role in signaling or whether it simply acts as a precursor for DAG production. If it is found that PA acts only as a DAG precursor, then one can raise the question as to why cells should produce DAG using two enzymes when they contain the PLC that could produce DAG in a single step.

PA produced by PLD or by DAGK can be distinguished by the addition of [γ-32P]ATP. This will show whether the phosphate group is newly derived from the kinase activity or whether it originates from the PC.

Although PA and DAG are interconvertible, they do not act in the same pathways. Stimuli that activate PLD do not activate enzymes downstream of DAG, and vice versa. For example, it was shown that addition of PLD to membranes results in the production of [32P]-labeled PA and [32P]-labeled phosphoinositides. The addition of DAGK inhibitors eliminates the production of [32P]-labeled PA but not the PLD-stimulated production of phosphoinositides.

It is possible that, though PA and DAG are interconvertible, separate pools of signaling and non-signaling lipids may be maintained. Studies have suggested that DAG signaling is mediated by polyunsaturated DAG, whereas PLD-derived PA is monounsaturated or saturated. Thus functional saturated/monounsaturated PA can be degraded by hydrolysing it to form non-functional saturated/monounsaturated DAG, whereas functional polyunsaturated DAG can be degraded by converting it into non-functional polyunsaturated PA.

This model suggests that PA and DAG effectors should be able to distinguish lipids with the same headgroups but with differing acyl chains. Although some lipid-binding proteins are able to insert themselves into membranes and could hypothetically recognize the type of acyl chain or the resulting properties of the membrane, many lipid-binding proteins are cytosolic and localize to the membrane by binding only the headgroups of lipids. Perhaps the different acyl chains can affect the angle of the head-group in the membrane. If this is the case, it suggests that a PA-binding domain must not only be able to bind PA specifically but must also be able to identify those head-groups that are at the correct angle. Whatever the mechanism is, such specificity is possible. It is seen in the pig testes DAGK that is specific for polyunsaturated DAG and in two rat hepatocyte LPPs that dephosphorylate different PA species with different activities. Moreover, the stimulation of SK1 activity by PS in vitro was shown to vary greatly depending on whether dioleoyl (C18:1), distearoyl (C18:0), or 1-stearoyl, 2-oleoyl species of PS were used. Thus it seems that, though PA and DAG are interconvertible, the different species of lipids can have different biological activities; and this may enable the two lipids to maintain separate signaling pathways.

Measurement of PA production
As PA is rapidly converted to DAG, it is very short-lived in the cell. This means that it is difficult to measure PA production and therefore to study the role of PA in the cell. However, PLD activity can be measured by the addition of primary alcohols to the cell. PLD then carries out a transphosphatidylation reaction, instead of hydrolysis, producing phosphatidyl alcohols in place of PA. The phosphatidyl alcohols are metabolic dead-ends, and can be readily extracted and measured. Thus PLD activity and PA production (if not PA itself) can be measured, and, by blocking the formation of PA, the involvement of PA in cellular processes can be inferred.

Protein interactors

 * SK1
 * PDE4A1
 * Raf1
 * mTOR
 * PP1
 * SHP1
 * Spo20p
 * p47phox
 * PKCε
 * PLCβ
 * PIP5K
 * Opi1
 * TREK-1
 * Kv
 * Kir2.2

title: Phosphatidic acid


text:
Talk:Gray death

About this title when it was a redirect to a video game
Shouldn't this entry be merged with NSF (Deus Ex)? Cnwb 05:01, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I shouldnt think so, believe me there is a lot more that can be added to this article about gray death. I think i'll stub it and flesh it out myself when time premits Walton Simons 14:58, 11 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I just stumbled upon this article in stub sorting; I don't think someone who doesn't know about the game could understand it Lectonar 15:17, 11 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Nominate for deletion. Not notable
The first two citations mistakenly refer to it as a new drug. The fourth tries to have it both ways and describes the variety of known opioid contents, but still calls it a new drug. It is apparently a street name, a nickname for just about any blend of designer opioids. Therefore, it really only belongs as a reference in pre-existing opioid articles. There is no set recipe of ingredients, therefore it doesn't really exists as a separate, distinct thing. Half the citations are uninformed sensational articles. This should be combined with other articles on designer opioids, then deleted as a separate article. Cuvtixo (talk) 15:39, 30 December 2018 (UTC)

Name
I removed "It gets its name from its similar appearance to that of concrete mixing powder." despite it being sourced. Presumably the "death" part doesn't come from the appearance of concrete, so we are left with "grey" - "it's called grey because it's grey and something else that it looks like is also grey" seems tortured reasoning to me. Seems more likely "grey from it's colour, and death because it kills people" - in fact so likely I wouldn't even bother to say it in the article.

All the best: Rich Farmbrough, 10:32, 17 September 2019 (UTC).

title: Talk:Gray death


text:
Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International Association

The Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International Association of the United States and Canada (OPCMIA) is a trade union of plasterers and cement masons in the construction industry in the United States and Canada. Members of the union finish interior walls and ceilings of buildings and apply plaster on masonry, metal, and wire lath or gypsum. Cement masons are responsible for all concrete construction, including pouring and finishing of slabs, steps, wall tops, curbs and gutters, sidewalks, and paving. The organization is a member union of the AFL–CIO and Canadian Labour Congress.

History
The union traces its roots to the era of the American Civil War, when an organization known variously as the National Plasterer's Union or the National Plasterers Organization attempted to unify the various local craft unions that represented workers in the trade. The new organization attempted to establish standard wages and working conditions, regulate the training of apprentices, establish a traveling card system to permit union members to travel from one local's jurisdiction to another, while excluding those unfit for membership.

The modern organization was formed in 1882, when a number of locals who had supported the Cincinnati, Ohio local in a strike earlier that year met in St. Louis, Missouri, to reestablish a national organization. The new union endorsed the eight-hour day while pledging to avoid "unnecessary strikes." The union amended its constitution in 1887 to include Canadian workers. In 1914 the union was renamed the Operative Plasterers' and Cement Finishers' International Association, and the following year it reached an agreement with the United Brotherhood of Cement Workers to bring those workers into the union.

In 1946 the union established a program, in conjunction with the Contracting Plasterers' International Association and the Associated General Contractors, to establish national apprentice training standards. The union trained a large number of veterans of World War II in its apprenticeship programs, while curtailing the competition from non-union contractors. In the late 1960s, the union opened up its apprenticeship programs to allow more African-American and Latino workers into its locals.

In 1960 the union followed many other U.S. unions in moving its headquarters, transferring them from Cleveland to the Washington, D.C. region. It is currently headquartered at Columbia, Maryland.

Presidents

 * 1882: Michael Mulvihill
 * 1883: James W. Smith
 * 1908: John H. Donlin
 * 1912: Edward J. McGivern
 * 1927: Michael J. Colleran
 * 1940: John E. Rooney
 * 1959: Edward J. Leonard
 * 1970: Joseph P. Power
 * 1981: Melvin H. Roots
 * Robert J. Holton
 * 1996: John J. Dougherty
 * 2007: Patrick Finley
 * 2016: Daniel Stepano
 * 2016: Daniel Stepano


text:
Ghent, Ohio

Ghent is an unincorporated community in central Bath Township, Summit County, Ohio, United States. It lies in the area of Granger and Cleveland-Massillon roads, just north of the Ghent Road exit of Interstate 77. It is included in the Montrose-Ghent census-designated place.

Today, it has a number of local businesses such a gas station, restaurants, a bakery and dental office.

History
As early as 1815, the village of Ghent had several mills powered by Yellow Creek. Several families had settled at Ghent by 1818. A post office called Ghent was established in 1858, and remained in operation until 1918. The community's name most likely commemorates the Treaty of Ghent.

title: Ghent, Ohio


text:
Talk:Acylation

General Discussion
Isn't that ethanone chloride?
 * No, it is not ethanol chloride; it is not ethanone chloride. It is ethanoyl chloride based on the fact that it is a derivative of ethanoic acid, which is the IUPAC name for acetic acid.  However, based on the name acetic acid, it is much more commonly called acetyl chloride, which I am redirecting to a stub of an article on I've just written, ethanoyl chloride.  H Padleckas 08:31, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

According to my ochem book, the Cl (not the O) from the acyl halide attacks AlCl3 to form the acylium ion.

Mechanism of Friedel Crafts
NB: This mechanism is WRONG. It is the Chlorine lone pair that bonds to the AlCl3, NOT the oxygen. The Chlorine then leaves the carbon, leaving a positivly charged carbon atom, (RC+O) which undergoes nucleophilic attack from the aromatic ring. 143.167.2.191 13:14, 3 Feb 2008 (UTC)

I don't think the mechanism should even be in the article in the first place: there already exists a FC article that explains the mechanism. Also, FC acylation is not the only way to acylate a compound, so it's unclear what the mechanism conveys, particularly when it is merely presented with no discussion. I recommend deleting the mechanism from the article. Chemeditor (talk) 04:11, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
 * In the interest of being bold, I've deleted the FC mechanism. Chemeditor (talk) 20:49, 13 October 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Acylation


text:
Sylvester and the Magic Pebble

Sylvester and the Magic Pebble is a children's picture book written and illustrated by William Steig, and published in 1969. It won the Caldecott Medal in 1970.

Plot
Sylvester Duncan, a young donkey from the fictional community of Oatsdale, collects pebbles "of unusual shape and color." One day he finds a spherical red pebble that grants wishes. Immediately afterward, a lion scares Sylvester, and as a defense he wishes himself into a rock--the only thing he could think of at the moment. Unfortunately, the magic pebble falls off the rock, and Sylvester is unable to revert to his donkey form as the pebble must be in contact with the wish-maker to work. The rest of the story deals with the resulting aftermath: Sylvester's personal attempt to change back into his true self and Mr. and Mrs. Duncan's search for their only child.

Awards
Sylvester and the Magic Pebble earned Steig the 1970 Caldecott Medal, his first of many Caldecott and Newbery Medal honors. The book was nominated for the 1970 National Book Award for Young People's Literature (losing out to Isaac Bashevis Singer's A Day of Pleasure). In 1978, Sylvester and the Magic Pebble was given the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award.

In popular culture
The book was also featured on an episode of Between the Lions.

In 1993, Weston Woods Studios adapted this book to an animated movie, narrated by John Lithgow and directed by Gene Deitch, with music by Steig's son, jazz flautist Jeremy Steig.

The story is used as an example by Noam Chomsky in the documentary film Is the Man Who Is Tall Happy? by Michel Gondry.

Controversy
The book sparked some controversy, for its portrayal of the police as pigs, and, as a result was not stocked by public schools and libraries in parts of the United States.

title: Sylvester and the Magic Pebble


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Talk:Internal rhyme

Examples removed?
Ok, I'm not a regular contributer to wikipedia so excuse the talk page format, but why were all the examples for this page removed and instead just a single line "description" (if that's what you want to call it) exists now? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.234.184.13 (talk) 15:23, 24 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Someone with a real.. fondness for rap has been adding rap examples to all the pages pertaining to rhyming. This strikes me as overcompensating for something. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.22.31.84 (talk) 05:46, 1 September 2014 (UTC)

Why isn't Coleridge here?
I would think that "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" must contain some of the most famous internal rhymes ever, known to most American and British school kids, at least.

The guests are met, the feast is set...

The ship was cheered, the harbour cleared...

It cracked and growled, and roared and howled...

Someone must have a good reason for excluding or neglecting Coleridge, and I'd like to know what it is before I waste time working on a section. Anyone? Thank you! Abyssopelagic 18:00, 21 November 2014 (UTC) Abyssopelagic

title: Talk:Internal rhyme


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Schodack Island State Park

Schodack Island State Park (formerly known as Castleton Island State Park ) is a 1052 acre state park that spans portions of Rensselaer, Greene, and Columbia counties, New York. The park is located between the Hudson River and Schodack Creek, and was opened in 2002.

History
The name "Schodack" is from the Mahican terms ishoda ("fire plain") and akee ("land"); the name refers to the area being the former home of the Mohicans' central council fire. During the time of the Mahicans, the area now occupied by the park was a group of six islands; it became a continuous peninsula in the early 1900s when a federal project to construct a deep-water navigation channel to Albany necessitated the construction of dikes and the deposition of dredged material along and between the islands.

What was to become Schodack Island State Park was first acquired by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation in the 1970s, and was originally known as Castleton Island State Park. It remained undeveloped until the early 2000s.

Schodack Island State Park was opened in 2002, and was initially a day-use only park. In 2013, plans were proposed to add camping facilities to the park, representing the first new campground constructed by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation in approximately 35 years. The campsites were made available to the public in 2016.

Park facilities
Schodack Island State Park offers a campground with 66 campsites, picnic tables, 8 mile of trails, biking, fishing, and hunting. Cross-country skiing and snowshoeing trails are maintained during the winter.

title: Schodack Island State Park


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Louis Ratisbonne

Louis Gustave Fortuné Ratisbonne (29 July 1827 – 24 September 1900) was a French man of letters. He was born at Strasbourg. He was the son of the banker Adolphe Ratisbonne and his wife Charlotte Oppenheim (daughter of Salomon Oppenheim), and the nephew of the priests Marie Theodor Ratisbonne and Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne. He studied at the school of his native town and at the College Henry IV in Paris. He was connected with the Journal des Debats from 1853 to 1876; became librarian of the palace of Fontainebleau in 1871, and three years later to the Senate.

Louis Ratisbonne's most important work was a verse translation of the La Divina Commedia (The Divine Comedy), in which the original is rendered tercet by tercet into French. L'Enfer (1852) was crowned by the Academy; Le Purgatoire (1857) and Le Paradis 1859) received the prix Bordin.

He is also the author of some charming fables and verses for children: La Comédie enfantine (1860), Les Figures jeunes (1865) and others. He was literary executor of Alfred de Vigny, whose Destinées (1864) and Journal d'un poète (1867) he published. Ratisbonne died in Paris.

"Through the influence of Thiers, Ratisbonne was appointed librarian at Fontainbleau, where he succeeded Octave Feuillet, and later he was transferred to the Palais du Luxembourg."

title: Louis Ratisbonne


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Cedar Revolution

The Cedar Revolution (ثورة الأرز) or the Independence Intifada (انتفاضة الاستقلال) was a chain of demonstrations in Lebanon (especially in the capital Beirut) triggered by the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri. The popular movement was remarkable for its avoidance of violence, peaceful approach, and its total reliance on methods of civil resistance.

The primary goals of the activists were the withdrawal of the Syrian troops which had occupied Lebanon since 1976, the replacement of a government heavily influenced by Syrian interests by more independent leadership, the establishment of an international commission to investigate the assassination of Prime Minister Hariri, the resignation of security officials to ensure the success of the plan, and the organization of free parliamentary elections. More generally, the demonstrators demanded the end of the Syrian influence in Lebanese politics.

At the start of the demonstrations, Syria had a force of roughly 14,000 soldiers and intelligence agents in Lebanon. Following the demonstrations, the Syrian troops completely withdrew from Lebanon on 27 April 2005. With the resignation of the pro-Syrian Karami government on 19 April, the 2005 general election, and the establishment of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, the main goals of the revolution were achieved.

The opposition used the white-and-red scarf and the blue ribbon as its symbols. The most popular motto of the movement was Hurriyyeh, Siyedeh, Istiqlel (Freedom, Sovereignty, Independence).

Syrian troops were met With armed resistance From the anti-syrian coalition, ending in 3,000 syrian deaths and 7,000 lebanese casualties

Goals
The main goal of the Cedar Revolution was the ending of the Syrian military occupation of Lebanon, which had lasted about 30 years (since 1976). In addition, many Lebanese called for the return of former president Michel Aoun, in exile since 1991, and the release of the imprisoned Lebanese Forces leader Samir Geagea.

Additional goals of the revolution are:
 * Ousting Karami's Pro-Syrian government
 * Firing the six Lebanese commanders of the nation's main security services, along with the State Prosecutor
 * Unmasking the killers of former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri
 * Running free and democratic parliament elections in spring 2005 free from Syrian interference

Origins of the name
The name "Cedar Revolution" is a term that was coined by the U.S. Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs Paula J. Dobriansky in a news conference, and used to draw a comparison with the Rose Revolution of Georgia, the Orange Revolution of Ukraine, and the Purple Revolution of Iraq. Other names include the Cedar Spring (Arabic: ربيع الأرز – Rabi' el Arz), referring to the season when protests first broke out, and also as an allusion to famous freedom and independence movements such as the Prague Spring and Damascus Spring. The names used by the local media, like the LBC and Future TV, to describe this event include Lebanon Independence (Istiqlal Lubnan), Lebanon Spring (Rabi' Lubnan), or Independence 05. It was also known as Independence Uprising (انتفاضة الاستقلال).

The word Cedar refers to a national emblem, the Cedar of Lebanon, a tree featured on the flag of Lebanon.

Civilian groups and organizations

 * Qornet Shehwan Gathering (Liqa' Qornet Shehwan): Gathering of Christian Lebanese politicians ranging from center left to center right.
 * Democratic Forum (Al Minbar Al Dimokrati): Multi-confessional gathering of Lebanese politicians from different political parties with leftist tendencies, led by Habib Sadek
 * Citizens for a Free Lebanon: A Non-governmental organization
 * The Center for Democracy in Lebanon: A non-governmental grass-root movement
 * The Global Organization of Democratic Believers: An all volunteer group of various religious backgrounds

Main political parties involved in the revolution
In Alphabetical Order:

 * Democratic Renewal Movement (Harakat Al-Tajadod Al-Dimokrati) Multi-confessional Movement Leader: Nassib Lahoud, former MP and presidential hopeful.
 * Democratic Left (Al Yassar Al Dimokrati) Multi-Confessional Movement Leader: Elias Atallah, former MP and former member of the communist party
 * Free Patriotic Movement (At Tayyar Al-Watani Al-Horr) Movement Leader: Michel Aoun, MP. Also presides the "Change and Reform" coalition. He was one of the first to demand the Syrian withdrawal. The movement left the 14 March coalition before the 2005 elections after General Aoun came back from his Paris exile.
 * Syrian Traces Leader: unknown
 * Future Movement (Tayyar Al Mustaqbal) Muslim Sunni Movement Leader: Saad Hariri, MP and son of Rafiq Hariri
 * Lebanese Forces (Al Kuwwat al Lubnaniyya) Christian Party Leader: Samir Geagea, jailed 11 years by the Syrians
 * Lebanese Liberation Movement Leader: unknown
 * Lebanese National Bloc (Hizb Al Kitla Al Wataniya) Christian Party Leader: Carlos Eddé nephew of former leader Raymond Eddé. The Lebanese National Bloc left the 14 March Coalition in June 2009 after the parliamentary election
 * National Liberal Party (Hizb Al-Wataniyin Al-Ahrar) Christian Party Leader: Dory Chamoun, son of former President Camille Chamoun
 * Phalangist Party (Al-Kataeb Al-Loubnaniya) Christian Party Leader: Amin Gemayel, former President of Republic.
 * Progressive Socialist Party (Hizb al-Taqadummi al-Ishtiraki) Druze Party Leader: Walid Jumblat, a sectarian leader was the first ally with Al-Asad, MP and son of former leader Kamal Jumblat; The PSP left the 14 March Coalition in August 2009
 * Armenian Democratic Liberal Party (Hizb al-Ramgavar) MP Jean Ogassapian.
 * Social Democrat Hunchakian Party (Hizb al-Henchag) MP Sebouh Kalpakian.

2001 Lebanon Protest
An Anti-Syrian occupation demonstration took place in Lebanon on 7 August 2001, which turned violent when the joint Lebanese-Syrian security System tried to repress the revolt, and resulted in the arrest of hundreds without legal justification, during the tenure of the pro-Syrian president Emile Lahoud. On that day, the security forces attacked hundreds of young activists, mainly from the Christian parties, including the Free Patriotic Movement, the Lebanese Forces, the National Liberal Party and other non-partisan neutral activists in front of the Justice Palace in Beirut and engaged in a campaign of beatings and arrests that was characterized by extreme ferocity.

Assassination of Rafic Hariri
On 14 February 2005, the former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri was assassinated in a truck bomb attack, which killed 21 and wounded nearly 100. Former Minister of Economy and Trade Bassel Fleihan later died as well from injuries sustained in the blast. This attack sparked huge demonstrations that seemed to unite large numbers of citizens from the usually fractured and sectarian Lebanese population. It was the second such incident in four months: former minister and MP Marwan Hamadeh had survived a car bomb attack on 1 October 2004.

Within hours of the assassination, Lebanese prosecutors issued warrants for the arrest of six Australian nationals who flew out of Beirut to Sydney, Australia three hours after the explosion claiming that seats occupied by the men had tested positive for traces of explosives, and that they were traveling without luggage. The Australian Federal Police interviewed ten individuals in Sydney upon the arrival of the flight, and found the men they questioned did have luggage. Although Sydney airport security sniffer dogs trained to find explosives did react to aircraft seats occupied by the men, test swabs taken from three of the men by the Australian Federal Police tested negative for explosives. Within 48 hours, the Australian Federal Police absolved the six of any involvement in the assassination, giving little credibility to claims of the Lebanese officials.

Despite the lack, to date, of any actual substantial evidence implicating any party or individual, the Syrian government has borne the brunt of Lebanese and international outrage at the murder, because of its extensive military and intelligence influence in Lebanon, as well as the public rift between Hariri and Damascus just before his last resignation on 20 October 2004. The day after Hariri's resignation, pro-Syrian former Prime Minister Omar Karami was appointed Prime Minister.

Lebanese Druze leader Walid Jumblatt, a recent adherent to the anti-Syrian opposition, emboldened by popular anger and civic action, alleged in the wake of the assassination that in August 2004 Syrian President Bashar al-Assad threatened Hariri, saying " [ President of Lebanon ] Lahoud is me. ... If you and Chirac want me out of Lebanon, I will break Lebanon." He was quoted as saying "When I heard him telling us those words, I knew that it was his condemnation of death." The United States, the EU and the UN have stopped short of any accusations, choosing instead to demand a Syrian pullout from Lebanon and an open and international investigation of the Assassination. Jumblatt's comments are not without controversy; the BBC describes him as "being seen by many as the country's political weathervane" – consistently changing allegiances to emerge on the winning side of the issues de jour through the turmoil of the 1975–90 civil war and its troubled aftermath. He was a supporter of Syria after the war but switched sides after the death of former Syrian president Hafez al-Assad in 2000. His account is quoted, but not confirmed, in the UN's FitzGerald Report. The report stops short of directly accusing Damascus or any other party, saying that only a further thorough international inquest can identify the culprit. The Lebanese government has agreed to this inquiry, though calling for the full participation, not supremacy, of its own agencies and the respect of Lebanese sovereignty. (See international reaction below.)

On 21 February 2005, tens of thousands of Lebanese protesters held a rally at the site of the assassination calling for an end of Syrian occupation and blaming Syria and the pro-Syrian president Émile Lahoud for the murder. In the subsequent weeks, nearly every Monday, a demonstration was held at Beirut's Martyrs Square (also referred to by protesters as "Liberty Square"), in addition to the constant daily gathering of Lebanese there.

Similar demonstrations by Lebanese immigrants were also taken place in several cities across the world, including Sydney – Australia (where over 10,000 people demonstrated in the city), San Francisco, Paris, Düsseldorf, Montreal, and London.

Government resignation
Daily protests against the Syrian occupation attracted 25,000 people. While in the 1990s most anti-Syrian demonstrations were predominantly Christian and were put down by force, the new demonstrations were distinctly non-sectarian and the government did not respond with force or intimidation.

On 28 February, the government of pro-Syrian prime minister Omar Karami resigned, calling for a new election to take place. Karami said in his announcement: "I am keen the government will not be a hurdle in front of those who want the good for this country". The tens of thousands gathered at Beirut's Martyrs' Square cheered the announcement, then chanted "Karami has fallen, your turn will come, Lahoud, and yours, Bashar".

Opposition MPs were not satisfied with only Karami's resignation, and kept pressing for full Syrian withdrawal. Former minister and MP Marwan Hamadeh, who survived a similar car bomb attack on 1 October 2004, said "I accuse this government of incitement, negligence and shortcomings at the least, and of covering up its planning at the most... if not executing".

On 23 March, Michel Abu Arraj, the Lebanese magistrate responsible for the internal Lebanese investigation of the assassination asked to be excused, citing a heavy court schedule. The Judicial Council of Lebanon was expected to rule on his request the next day. His resignation and the consequent need to replace him raised the possibility of a delay in the investigation.

International reaction
Hariri's murder triggered increased international pressure on Syria. In a joint statement, U.S. President George W. Bush and French president Jacques Chirac condemned the killing and called for full implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1559, which requires the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon and the disarming of Hezbollah thriving in Southern Lebanon.

At one point there seemed to be confusion about the extent to which Syria was willing to withdraw from Lebanon. Arab League head Amr Moussa declared that Syrian president Assad promised him a phased withdrawal over a two-year period, but the Syrian Information Minister Mahdi Dakhlallah said that Moussa had misunderstood the Syrian leader. Dakhlallah said that Syria will merely move its troops to eastern Lebanon. Since then, Syria has declared that Resolution 1559 will be fully complied with, and in a matter of months rather than years.

On 15 March, upon hearing purportedly leaked information that the United Nations' special investigation may have found that the Lebanese authorities covered up evidence of the murder, columnist Robert Fisk alleges that Hariri's two sons fled Lebanon, reportedly after being warned that they too were in danger of assassination.

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, in response to a request by the Security Council, sent a team of Irish, Egyptian and Moroccan specialists, led by Ireland's deputy police commissioner, Peter FitzGerald, to investigate the assassination. Even before the FitzGerald Report was published, Annan has said a further, more comprehensive investigation may be necessary. FitzGerald thanked the Lebanese government for its cooperation before departing. The report cites the Syrian presence in Lebanon as a factor contributing to the instability and polarization that preceded the assassination. The report also criticizes the Lebanese government and intelligence agencies for the handling of their own investigation into the affair, calling it flawed and inconclusive. The Lebanese government in turn has described the report as "alien to reality" and criticized the UN team for not seeking broader government participation in the investigation. The government has agreed to a further, more comprehensive international inquiry, but insisted that any future inquiry would have to work with the government. At a press conference on 25 March, then Lebanese Foreign Minister Mahmoud Hammoud said the inquiry would be expected to work within an established framework "in co-operation with the state".

Syrian reaction
On 2 March 2005, Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad announced that his troops would leave Lebanon completely "in the next few months". Responding to the announcement, opposition leader Walid Jumblatt said that he wanted to hear more specifics from Damascus about any withdrawal: "It's a nice gesture but 'next few months' is quite vague – we need a clear-cut timetable".

On 3 March, Germany and Russia joined those calling for Syria to comply with Resolution 1559. German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder said: "Lebanon should be given an opportunity for sovereignty and development and this can only be achieved by complying with Security Council resolutions that stipulate immediate Syrian withdrawal from Lebanon."

The Russian Foreign Minister, Sergei Lavrov, stated that "Syria should withdraw from Lebanon, but we all have to make sure that this withdrawal does not violate the very fragile balance which we still have in Lebanon, which is a very difficult country ethnically."

On 5 March, Syrian leader Assad declared in a televised speech that Syria would withdraw its forces to the Bekaa Valley in eastern Lebanon, and then to the border between Syria and Lebanon. He did not provide a timetable for a complete withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon.

On the weekend of 9 and 10 April, on the anniversary of the ignition of the Lebanese Civil war, the last remaining Syrian troops left Lebanon, ending their 30-year presence.

Response from the Arab world
Several Arab states also joined in with the withdrawal demands. As Assad arrived in Saudi Arabia for emergency consultation with then Crown Prince Abdullah bin Abdelaziz, Assad was told in no uncertain terms that Syria must comply with UN Security Council demands immediately. It was reported by the opposition Lebanese newspaper The Daily Star that Assad offered to remove most of the 15,000 troops Syria has stationed in Lebanon during the talks, but insisted on leaving a force of 3,000 in the country. This has not been independently corroborated.

The annual Arab summit, which took place on 23 March in Algeria, did not ask Syria to withdraw, which would have given the pullback an Arab endorsement as envisaged in the 1989 Taif Agreement rather than making it dependent on Resolution 1559. Algerian Foreign Minister Abdel-Aziz Belkhadem discussed the consensus ahead of the summit, stating that "we all agreed to demand the implementation of the Taif Accord with respect to international legitimacy". Controversially, the crisis in Lebanon was not included on the agenda for the summit, which almost half of the Arab leaders did not attend.

Pro-Syrian demonstration
Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah called for a "massive popular gathering" on 8 March supporting Syria and accusing Israel and the United States of meddling in Lebanon's internal affairs. Nasrallah also criticized UN Resolution 1559 saying "The resistance will not give up its arms... because Lebanon needs the resistance to defend it", and added "all the articles of U.N. resolution give free services to the Israeli enemy who should have been made accountable for his crimes and now finds that he is being rewarded for his crimes and achieves all its demands."

CNN noted some news agencies estimated the crowd at 200,000, the Associated Press news agency estimated that there were more than 500,000 pro-Syrian protesters, while The New York Times and Los Angeles Times simply estimated "hundreds of thousands". Al Jazeera reported a figure of 1.5 million. The predominantly Shi'ite protesters held pictures of Syrian President Bashar Assad and placards reading, in English, "No for the American Intervention". Some media sources noted that it was likely that many of Lebanon's approximately 500,000 Syrian guest workers participated in the rally. In addition to demonstrating the extent of popular support for Syria among Shi'ites, the demonstration reiterated Hezbollah's rejection of Resolution 1559, whose call for the disbanding of all Lebanese militias threatens the continued existence of its military wing, the force credited for the liberation of south Lebanon from Israeli occupation. Nasrallah also held demonstrations in Tripoli and Nabatiyé on 11 and 13 March.

Ten days after his resignation, Omar Karami was reappointed prime minister and called on the opposition to participate in government until the elections slated for April 2005.

On 13 March, tens of thousands protested in the southern city of Nabatiyé in support of Syria and opposition to UNSCR 1559, according to reports. The Tripoli protests were canceled.

Resurgent counter-demonstrations
On 14 March, the one-month memorial of the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri, hundreds of thousands of Lebanese rallied in central Beirut on Monday chanting "Freedom, Sovereignty, Independence" and carrying a huge Lebanese flag. They flocked from throughout the country, many unable to even enter the city due to heavy traffic. The demonstration was called by the different factions of the anti-Syrian opposition (including the Hariri family and other groupings) and was trumpeted by the different private media, namely Future TV, a private enterprise part of the media empire controlled by Hariri's family and the Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation LBCI, generally aligned with the Lebanese Forces, the right-wing Christian party.

The demonstration occurred in Martyrs' Square, the site of Hariri's grave and a center of the newly reconstructed city rebuilt in large part through Hariri's efforts. During the Lebanese civil war, factional infighting between the groups united in Martyrs' Square had turned the area into an impassable moonscape.

The Lebanese protesters demanded an international inquiry into Hariri's murder, the firing of Syrian-backed security chiefs in the Lebanese government, and a total Syrian pullout from Lebanon.

Bombings and assassinations
Beginning in March 2005 and continuing throughout the year, a series of bombings and assassinations rocked Lebanon. Several political and intellectual figures vocally critical of Syrian interference in Lebanese politics, including Samir Kassir, George Hawi, and Gebran Tueni were killed. In addition, Christian areas were targeted by bombs. These bombings remain unsolved. The attacks did not end in 2005. The next year, gunmen killed MP Pierre Amine Gemayel, and in 2007, Walid Eido was killed by a car bomb in Beirut. Most recently, politician Antoine Ghanem was assassinated when a car bomb exploded, killing him on 19 September 2007. He is the 6th independentist minister assassinated since Hariri's death.

Withdrawal of Syrian troops
On 26 April 2005, international news agencies and the UN reported the last Syrian troops and intelligence agents had crossed the border in withdrawal from Lebanon. The Syrian government officially notified the United Nations that it had withdrawn its troops in line with UN Security Council Resolution 1559, adopted in September 2004. In a letter to the UN, Syrian Foreign Minister Farouq al-Shara said his country "would like to officially inform you that the Syrian Arab forces stationed in Lebanon, at the request of Lebanon and under an Arab mandate, have fully withdrawn all their military, security apparatus and assets." On 27 April 2005, the Lebanese People celebrated for the first time their first day free from Syrian omnipresence. Also on 27 April 2005, The Washington Post reported that "Syria has not withdrawn a significant part of its intelligence presence in Lebanon, undermining its claim yesterday to have ended its 29-year intervention in its western neighbor, U.S., European and U.N. officials said." This claim was reiterated by US Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice on 25 May.

Wave of democracy
Both participants and observers of the Cedar Revolution demonstrations have asked if the movement was influenced by recent local and regional events supporting democracy. Lebanese Druze leader Walid Jumblatt remarked to a reporter of The Washington Post, "It's strange for me to say it, but this process of change has started because of the American invasion of Iraq. I was cynical about Iraq. But when I saw the Iraqi people voting three weeks ago, 8 million of them, it was the start of a new Arab world".

Other views maintain that Lebanese anger against perceived Syrian hegemony had been simmering for decades, and the assassination of a popular leader was the spark that gave birth to the movement, independently of foreign and regional developments. Lebanese opposition leader and newspaper columnist Samir Kassir, for example, wrote that "democracy is spreading in the region not because of George Bush but despite him." He gave far more credit to the Palestinian uprising as an inspiration to Lebanese activists.

Others caution that very little has actually changed, apart from the mainly "cosmetic" disappearance of Syrian Soldiers from their presence on the outskirts of Lebanese cities, and that Syrian control of Lebanese foreign affairs and trade may yet endure. Some critics argue that the rush to celebrate a supposed 'Revolution' was far too premature.

When Omar Karami failed to form a government, he resigned for good on 13 April 2005, and elections were called for the period of 29 May through 19 June 2005. Saad Hariri formed an anti-Syrian bloc that, ultimately, won 72 of the 128 available seats in the unicameral National Assembly. With no Syrian troops to stop them, Israel easily invaded in 2006, with only Hezbollah offering substantive resistance.

Second Anniversary
On 14 February 2007, tens of thousands of Lebanese gathered peacefully in Martyr's Square to commemorate the second anniversary of former prime minister Rafic Hariri's assassination. The large number proved that the Cedar Revolution was still going on, especially when the crowds turned the commemoration into a defiant opportunity to blame Syria and Hezbollah for Lebanon's political woes. The demonstrators fell silent at exactly 12:55 pm, the time of the explosion that killed Hariri on 14 February 2005. Only the muezzin making the Islamic call to prayer and the solemn tolling of church bells could be heard.

The Bikfaya bombings had taken place the day before, killing three people. Fatah al-Islam was blamed.

Third Anniversary
On 14 February, exactly three years from the day Premier Hariri was assassinated on the Beirut seafront, throngs of protesters rallied in Martyr's Square to commemorate the occasion. The crowd came from all over Lebanon. Hundreds of thousands of protesters filled the square and its immediate surrounding. In the mountainous areas, the weather conditions prevented several processions from reaching Beirut. Also, processions closed all roads east, north & south Beirut leading to Martyr's Square. Hundreds of boats embarked on a ride from the Jounieh port in the coast of Mount Lebanon to the Beirut Marina defying the winter waves. The rally was reaching its end while thousands of vehicles carrying protesters were still trapped in traffic in the Eastern Suburbs of Beirut. The crowds stood for more than 5 hours under the pouring rain. The protesters transformed this event into an occasion to blame Syria and renew their oath to remain united and defiant for Lebanon's sake. At the exact time the explosion occurred 3 years ago at 12:55, the crowds fell silent as the Islamic Adhan sounded through the mosques' muezzin along with the tolling of church bells symbolizing the Muslim-Christian unity. The leaders of the Anti-Syrian coalition gave fiery speeches blaming Syria & Iran for Lebanon's woes. Saad Hariri, the coalition's most popular leader, was the last to take the stand as supporting cheers blared from the crowds. In the end and after the crowds have stood for four consecutive hours under the pouring rain, the rally was concluded and the area was evacuated.

Fourth Anniversary
14 February 2009 marked the fourth anniversary of Prime Minister Rafic Hariri's assassination. Estimated to be more than 1 million supporters, pro-government and pro-Hariri citizens of different sects and factions gathered together in Beirut for the occasion. At 12:55 pm, the crowd went silent to mark the exact moment of the explosion that killed Hariri.

During the rally, speeches were given to entice the citizens to take place in the June 2009 parliamentary elections, in which the anti-Syrian coalition and the pro-Syrian coalition competed for the majority of seats.

Fifth Anniversary
Despite initial enthusiasm, the turn-out on the fifth anniversary of Hariri's assassination (14 February 2010) was hindered due to heavy rain.

Sixth Anniversary
The sixth anniversary of Hariri's assassination, on 14 February 2011 was met with renewed enthusiasm by supporters of the March 14 coalition. This was especially fueled by the protester's anger over the resignation of all ten ministers aligned with the opposing March 8 coalition due to then-prime minister Saad Hariri, Rafic Hariri's son, refusal of Hezbollah's demand he reject the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. A rally was also organized to call for Hezbollah's disarmament on the day of March 13 in Beirut's Martyrs' Square. No significant disruptions took place, but it was reported by several TV stations that some protesters had their signs demanding Hezbollah's disarmament confiscated. Reuters approximated that tens of thousands of supporters of Saad Hariri and his allies rallied against Hezbollah's weapons.

title: Cedar Revolution