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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ice blocking

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 02:37, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The votes were 6 keep, 5 delete.

Ice blocking
The coolest thing about this adventure is that anyone can do it, and it only costs 99 cents! All you need is:
 * Delete - well I've never heard of it - sounds like a made up sport to me? Even if it exists this will be such a fringe sport, that it won't justify an entry. Brookie 17:00, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Lots of google hits are definitions, but there are plenty of real examples of use, such as . Kappa 17:56, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay so there is some stuff on thid daft "sport" on the net - but look at the quality (from your link): "How to Ice-Block

* An ice-block * Padded clothes * A hill " Clearly an olympic sport in the making - still Delete Brookie 20:05, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * A not-so-surprising number of people will vote delete due to its lack of notability. RickK 22:50, Feb 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment No vote for now. I for one have heard of this. I've seen it in a couple of children's stories, my mom and dad used to actually *do* it (as kids).  It's a children's activity, not so much a sport, that had larger popularity during the depression when tobaggans weren't available because of the prices. This could be why google fails to turn up anything notable or of quality-it's a flash from the past.  ÅrÐ£nT † ∈  03:41, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Even so, this doesn't belong at wikipedia. Delete  ÅrÐ£nT † ∈  11:42, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, article does not establish notability, fails Google test, article as it stands though is un-encyclopaedic. Megan1967 05:32, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm a resident of the Pacific Northwest, and, as the article says, I've never heard of it. --Carnildo 09:59, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * No vote yet. I get 3840 hits on exact phrase "Ice blocking," not bad, and what interests me more is that they look genuine--that is, they are not all from just one university or town or anything like that. I don't think it's self-promotion by someone who invented the sport, like rugbennis, if anyone remembers rugbennis. It seems to have some real existence. It's certainly not a "sport" in the sense of rules and scores, it's more of a recreation or winter activity... Dpbsmith (talk) 01:29, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I'm not sure which way to vote, but i remember seeing the guys in Jackass doing this.. it was pretty funny. Mlm42 05:46, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: OK I've expanded it with some stuff I got from googling (thanks for the Jackass remark btw). But for delete voters: there are places that list ice blocking as an activity without explaining it , so if wikipedia deletes any quick definition or whatever it has, it's not really serving the needs of people who need to look things up. Kappa 06:32, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep in present form. Sounds dangerous; "featured on Jackass" is alarming. Is this a wholesome activity or a suicidal stunt? Brings back memories of reading Ethan Frome... Dpbsmith (talk) 11:07, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep with Kappa's expansions, and for the reason he presents. Samaritan 04:42, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep thanks to Kappa its an interesting article.Capitalistroadster 16:00, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. My first instinct is to vote delete for any article referencing the moronic stunts on Jackass (perhaps the most aptly named TV show ever).  I cannot do that here, though.  The article does not appear to actually endorse the show, and it is hard to justify deleting this article, but retaining Dirty Sanchez.  Edeans 21:27, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Grue 09:53, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Talk:Alberta New Democratic Party

Untitled
To michaelm: As I said before, it's not necessary to have *both* the soc-dem and dem-soc links in the introducation, given that the terms are more-or-less interchangeable in the Canadian context. (Note also: there *is* a dem-soc wikilink further down the page.) CJCurrie 17:01, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Multiple issues??
This article has had a "multiple issues" notice, referencing both "tone" and "more citations needed" problems, since 2016. I question whether these issues still apply to the article in its current state. Comments? — Rich wales (no relation to Jimbo) 04:17, 13 April 2022 (UTC)

Why is Alberta NDP labeled more left wing then BC NDP?
BCNDP is labelled as center-left but ANDP is labelled as center-left to left, but in reality BCNDP is much further to the right of Alberta NDP — Preceding unsigned comment added by Anonymousioss (talk • contribs) 18:22, 24 June 2023 (UTC)

Policies section
The article for the UCP has an absolutely beautiful, stunning, and riveting policies section. I think this article ought to have one as well, though I doubt it will compare. Kaotao (talk) 08:01, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * This is disingenuous. We can see from your contribution history that you wrote that section a few minutes before posting this comment. --Yamla (talk) 12:26, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * @Yamla Yes. I thought I made that obvious. Kaotao (talk) 12:50, 6 July 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Alberta New Democratic Party


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Itek Air

Itek Air, Ltd (ООО Авиакомпания «ИТЕК-ЭЙР») was an airline based in Bishkek (Manas International Airport) in Kyrgyzstan.

Destinations
As of October 2008, Itek Air operated scheduled passenger flights to the following destinations:

 * People's Republic of China
 * Ürümqi (Diwopu International Airport)
 * Kyrgyzstan
 * Bishkek (Manas International Airport) Hub
 * Osh (Osh Airport)
 * Russia
 * Moscow (Domodedovo International Airport)
 * Novosibirsk (Tolmachevo Airport)

The airline is banned from flying within the European Union.

Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895

 * On 24 August 2008, a Boeing 737-200, owned and operated by Itek Air (a Kyrgyz company) on a charter flight for Iran Aseman Airlines, flight 6895, crashed near Manas International Airport in Bishkek, the capital city of Kyrgyzstan, while attempting an emergency landing, returning to the airport of origin, 10 minutes after departure. Sixty-eight people were killed and 22 people survived the crash.

Fleet
The fleet consisted of the following aircraft:

The registration of the aircraft were EX-127, EX-311 and EX-009. The last one crashed near Bishkek on 24 August 2008.
 * 2 Boeing 737-200

title: Itek Air


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Farah Khan

Farah Khan Kunder (Khan; born 9 January 1965) is an Indian film director, writer, film producer, actress, dancer and choreographer who works predominantly in Hindi films. Khan has choreographed more than a hundred songs in over 80 films, winning the National Film Award for Best Choreography and seven Filmfare Awards for Best Choreography.

In addition, she has worked on Tamil films and in international projects, such as Monsoon Wedding (2001), Bombay Dreams (2002), Vanity Fair (2004) and Marigold: An Adventure in India (2007), and the Chinese films Perhaps Love (2005) and Kung Fu Yoga (2017), earning Tony Award and Golden Horse Award nominations.

As a film director, she received two Filmfare Award for Best Director nominations for the masala films Main Hoon Na (2004) and Om Shanti Om (2007). She then went on to direct the comedy Tees Maar Khan (2010) and the dance heist comedy Happy New Year (2014).

Early life and personal life
Farah Khan was born on 9 January 1965. Her father, Kamran Khan, was a stuntman-turned-filmmaker. Her mother, Menaka Irani, is the sister of former child actors Honey Irani and Daisy Irani. Farah is thus a first cousin of film personalities Farhan Akhtar and Zoya Akhtar (children of Honey Irani). She has one brother, Sajid Khan, who is a comedian, actor and film director.

Farah Khan married Shirish Kunder, the editor of directorial debut Main Hoon Na (2004), on 9 December 2004. They have since worked together on each other's films, such as Jaan-E-Mann (2006), Om Shanti Om (2007), and Tees Maar Khan (2010). Khan gave birth to triplets — one son and two daughters — in 2008 through in vitro fertilisation.

Choreography career
Khan was studying sociology in St. Xavier's College, Bombay when the music video of Michael Jackson's "Thriller" was released. She was so inspired by the song, that although she hadn't danced before that, it soon became her vocation. She learned to dance basically on her own, and set up a dance group. When the choreographer Saroj Khan walked out of the film Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar (1992), Khan took over. This was followed by numerous iconic dance numbers over the years. She met actor Shahrukh Khan on the sets of Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1994) and the two have since become good friends and began their collaborative journey. She is the recipient of seven Filmfare Awards for Best Choreography.

In 2013, she also choreographed "Jumping Jhapak", the official anthem for 2013 Indian Premier League.

Khan also collaborated on several international projects such as Monsoon Wedding (2001), Bombay Dreams (2002) and Vanity Fair (2004), receiving a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Choreography for Bombay Dreams, alongside Anthony van Laast. Khan trained Colombian pop star Shakira for a Bollywood version of her song "Hips Don't Lie" for the MTV Video Music Awards on 31 August 2006. Khan has also choreographed Kylie Minogue for the song "Chiggy Wiggy" in the 2009 film Blue.

Directorial debut and breakthrough (2004–2007)
in 2004, Khan ventured into direction with the masala film Main Hoon Na (2004), starring Shahrukh Khan and Sushmita Sen in lead roles, produced by Red Chillies Entertainment. The film received positive reviews upon release, and emerged as the second highest-grossing Indian film of the year, only surpassed by another Shah Rukh Khan-starrer Veer-Zaara. It earned Khan her first nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Director, thus becoming the second female director to be nominated for the award.

She followed it up with the reincarnation melodrama Om Shanti Om (2007), again starring Shahrukh Khan, alongside debutante Deepika Padukone in lead roles. The film received positive reviews from critics upon release, and emerged as the highest-grossing Hindi film of the year, in addition to becoming the highest-grossing Indian film ever at the time of its release. The film earned Khan her second nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Director, thus becoming the first female director to be nominated for the award twice.

Setback, acting debut and directorial resurgence (2010–present)
Her next directorial venture was the comedy Tees Maar Khan, starring Akshay Kumar and Katrina Kaif in lead roles. Despite hype, the film was panned by critics upon release, and emerged as a below-average commercial success at the box-office. The film is today primarily remembered for Kaif's iconic dance number "Sheila Ki Jawani", also choreographed by Khan.

She then made her acting debut alongside Boman Irani in the romantic comedy Shirin Farhad Ki Toh Nikal Padi (2012), directed by Bela Bhansali Sehgal, the sister of director Sanjay Leela Bhansali. The film received mixed-to-positive reviews upon release, but emerged as a commercial failure at the box-office.

Her next directorial venture was the dance heist comedy Happy New Year (2014), reteaming with Shahrukh Khan and Padukone 7 years after Om Shanti Om. She had initially announced to direct the film in 2005 and was supposed to be Padukone's Hindi film debut, but was shelved due to multiple delays and cast changes that occurred over a number of years. The project was again reported as being in the works as of 2012. Upon release, the film received mixed reviews from critics, but emerged as the second highest-grossing Indian film of the year.

Television and production career
She hosted the celebrity chat show Tere Mere Beach Mein and was a judge on the reality television series Indian Idol – first and second season, Jo Jeeta Wohi Super Star, Entertainment Ke Liye Kuch Bhi Karega and Dance India Dance Li'l Masters. She also judged dance reality show Just Dance alongside Hrithik Roshan and Vaibhavi Merchant on Star Plus.

In 2015, Khan replaced Salman Khan and hosted the reality show Bigg Boss Halla Bol, the spin-off of Bigg Boss season 8.

Khan and her husband have started a production company called "Three's Company" named in honor of their triplets.

title: Farah Khan


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Jonathan Thorn

Jonathan Thorn (8 January 1779 – 15 June 1811) was a career officer of the United States Navy in the early 19th century.

Early life and Naval career
Born on 8 January 1779 in Schenectady, New York, during the Revolutionary War, Thorn was the eldest of fifteen children of Samuel Thorn and Helena Van Slyck Thorn.

He was appointed a midshipman at age 21 on 28 April 1800. His brother Robert Livingston also served in the U.S. Navy as a surgeon on the frigate USS Constellation (1797) during the War of 1812. His other brother, Herman, was a purser on the USS Wasp and the USS Peacock. Jonathon Thorn served in the Navy during the Tripolitan War and volunteered to take part in the hazardous expedition to destroy the captured frigate  Philadelphia, which was moored beneath the guns of the defended Tripoli harbor. On 16 February 1804, Lieutenant Stephen Decatur led a party of these volunteers in the ketch  Intrepid into Tripoli and burned the American ship so it could not be used by the enemy.

Attached to the schooner Enterprise, Thorn was assigned to Gunboat No. 4, under Decatur's command. In this vessel, he participated in the attack on Tripoli with Commodore Edward Preble's squadron on 3 August 1804. Specially commended by Decatur for his conduct in this battle, Thorn received command of one of the Tripolitan gunboats captured. On 7 August, he commanded this vessel and crew in the engagement with the Tripolitan pirates.

Brooklyn Navy Yard
Thorn was assigned as the first commandant of the New York Navy Yard at age 27 in June 1806 and served there for 13 months. Appointed an acting lieutenant in November 1803, he was promoted to full lieutenant on 16 February 1807. Thorn was the youngest officer ever to command a United States Naval Yard. His letters reflect his efforts to build, preserve, and inventory gunboats. "A junior officer Thorn's position at the navy yard and his independence of action were hampered by his rank and a somewhat suspicious and inflexible nature. Thorn's tenure in Brooklyn though was brief; his few surviving letters disclose a young man plagued by doubts, suffering poor physical and possibly mental health. In July 1807 Thorn exhausted requested and was granted a leave of absence. In addition to his health, Thorn was probably frustrated by the lack of promotional opportunities. In the peacetime navy promotions were few and Thorn must have sensed his tenure in Brooklyn would not improve his prospects..."

Pacific Fur Company
In 1810, he was granted a two-year furlough to command the Pacific Fur Company's sailing bark, the Tonquin, owned by John Jacob Astor. The Tonquin was to sail to the Pacific Northwest to establish a fur trading post. The Tonquin left New York City on 8 September 1810, sailing around Cape Horn on Christmas Day. The crew stopped off in the Kingdom of Hawaii to gather additional labor and resources, arriving at the mouth of the Columbia River on 22 March 1811. Two days later and at the cost of eight lives, the Tonquin crossed the bar.

Thorn and his crew spent 65 days near the mouth of the river, where they built Fort Astoria on the south side of the river, in present-day Astoria. On 5 June, the ship crossed the bar and headed north along the coast to trade for furs. Thorn anchored off Clayoquot Sound (now in British Columbia) around 15 June, having traveled along the west side of Vancouver Island. He soon tried to trade with the local Tla-o-qui-aht people. Mutually satisfactory terms couldn't be settled upon and Thorn slapped the elder appointed to represent the indigenous interests with a fur in the face. Insulted by this behavior, the natives soon attacked and killed the majority of the crew. The last five men drove off the Tla-o-qui-aht. Later four men escaped from the ship, but three were found ashore and killed. The next day, natives returned to plunder the ship; James Lewis, the last surviving crew member on board, feigned a truce to lure them on the ship, then lit the gunpowder magazine and blew it up, sacrificing his life to prevent it from being used by the Tla-o-qui-at. The only known crew survivor was Joseachal, an interpreter from the Quinault nation who had relatives among the Tla-o-qui-at.

Leadership
Thorn's behavior has been sharply criticized by fur traders who had to sail with him. In particular Gabriel Franchère stated that: "He was a strict disciplinarian, of a quick and passionate temper, accustomed to exact obedience, considering nothing but duty, and giving himself no trouble about the murmurs of his crew, taking council of nobody, and following Mr. Astor's instructions to the letter. Such was the man who had been selected to command our ship. His haughty manners, his rough and overbearing disposition, had lost him the affection of most of the crew and all the passengers: he knew it, and in consequence, sought every opportunity to mortify us..." Alexander Ross recounted: "...for the captain, in his frantic fits of passion, was capable of going any lengths, and would rather have destroyed the expedition, the ship, and everyone on board, than be thwarted in what he considered as ship discipline or his nautical duties."

Legacy and honors
Two U.S. Navy destroyers have been named USS Thorn in his honor.

title: Jonathan Thorn


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User:Jamie shimek

Jamie Shimek
A hard working student who enjoys computer related and creative activites.

title: User:Jamie shimek


text:
Talk:Shōmyō

Characters
Are the characters the article mentions for Shomyo right? I always thought it was 唱名. - Nat Krause 17:07, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * This article mentions shomyo(声明). Shomyo(唱名) is largely used in Chinese language and have Different meaning. See 唱名.　- Ideru 00:00, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shōmyō


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Rich Farmbrough

 * The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a successful request for adminship. Please do not modify it .

Rich Farmbrough
final (22/0/0) ending 17:08 8 February 2005 (UTC) Thank you all very much.

Rich Farmbrough has been editing Wikipedia since 2 May 2004. He has worked uncontroversially on some of the highly active articles dealing with current news subjects, like Cassini-Huygens and 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which I think shows good collaboration skills. He has helped significantly with the image tagging project and does a lot of housekeeping work, so I think Wikipedia would benefit from giving him the ability to handle more of the chores around here. --Michael Snow 17:08, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Candidate please indicate acceptance of the nomination here

I accept nomination.

Support
 * 1) Michael Snow 17:09, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) He's been a consistantly good editor for a long time, I'm sure he'll be a fine admin. Rje 19:23, Feb 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Support. Bart133 (t) 01:22, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) David Cannon 00:44, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC). Good researcher and an invaluable asset to Wikipedia.
 * 5) Definitely. --Lst27 ( t a l k )  01:30, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Jordi·✆ 07:41, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Slowking Man 07:47, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Acegikmo1 20:34, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 9) R yan!  |  Talk  20:40, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * 10) Great stuff. -- Hadal 15:08, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 11) Support. JuntungWu 06:25, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 12) A strong user. ClockworkSoul 13:50, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 13) Tuf-Kat 04:05, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * 14) Support. Antandrus 04:07, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 15) Neutralitytalk 04:14, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * 16) Support. jni 10:55, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 17) Support. ugen 64 16:06, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 18) Support! -- Chris 73 Talk 10:35, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * 19) Sounds good to me. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 16:49, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)
 * 20) Strong support... and insert clichè of choice regarding shock and surprise as to why this guy isn't an admin yet! - Lucky 6.9 21:42, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 21) SWAdair | Talk 06:42, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * 22) Jayjg (talk) 15:34, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Oppose
 * Strong oppose. Needs more experience fighting vandals, forgers, and trolls. Will support in 3 months, if I see more evidence of initiative being taken in these areas. 172 11:31, 04 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The above vote was not left by 172; see this diff. This same anonymous user has attempted to impersonate RickK; see this diff. -- Hadal 14:51, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) 172 is usually a good judge of character, so I'll back him up on this. Also, this candidate has a minimal number of edits, having only been around 10 months. More experience needed. Cranberry 14:01, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You consider ten months and circa 8919 edits to be minimal? -- Hadal 15:08, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * S'OK Cranberry has been around for 4 days, and has 45 edits. A significant proportion of which are to the articles edited by 69.243.41.28, who forged 172's entry above, as well as missing wikipedian  Nathanlarson32767.  He's doubtless testing my reaction to vandals, forgers and trolls.  Rich Farmbrough 01:04, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Having locked myself out of my account (Cranberry), I am using this IP address to retract my vote in the Rich Farmbrough RFA. In addition, I am crossing out the forged 172 vote. 166.61.192.33 04:11, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Neutral

Comments
 * Could someone clarify why all his edits are minor? Does he only correct typoes and whatnot? or does he accidentally have his Minor Edits default on? Kingturtle 07:25, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Hard to tell with so few edit summaries, but it seems to be mostly (at least the past couple weeks) date wikification, by section, regardless of whether the same date is already wikified previously in the same paragraph. And an occasional spelling or capitalization correction. Niteowlneils 05:03, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Since I got busy outside wikiland "big" edits have gone by the board. However you may remember Spaghetti House Siege, which you very kindly improved.  Rich Farmbrough 21:49, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, that was at least 3-4,000 edits ago, so I didn't remember it, but I do recognize it. Nice article, nicely referenced. Niteowlneils 03:13, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmm. Either he has the default on, or is one of those that consider creating a new article "minor". Similarly, I know some other Wikipedians would mark this minor, but I would never mark adding or deleting content minor. Guess we'll have to wait for an answer from him. Niteowlneils 05:33, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes I had minor edit on by default, I turned it on when I was tagging the US map images, probably better to take it off now, have done so. Rich Farmbrough 16:22, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. Speedy deletes and any requested as appropriate.
 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I was pleased to make a significant contribution to tagging images, and would have liked to have done more.  I have made some contributions to mathematical articles including Fundamental theorem of projective geometry which is a very small article but needed.  I have substantially modified the sense of Pedro Lopez, which is a result of trying to verify data in an almost scholarly manner.  The details of my research are in (Talk:Pedro_Lopez).
 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and will deal with it in the future?
 * A. I have had no conflicts (except with vandals). Discussions over issues have been resolved amicably.
 * The above adminship discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the talk page of either this nomination or the nominated user). No further edits should be made to this page.


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User talk:AtomAnt

I am not the Atom Ant from the TV shows (see how that one is spelled with a space?), and in any case I don't give autographs, so you needn't ask. Some of you may be more familiar with my work as an editor under the pseudonymn 200.171.92.219. I am also a member of the AMA — Association of Members' Advocates at Wikipedia — but please note that I prefer to limit my work in advocacy to the types of cases described in my AMA member's statement ("AtomAnt").

AMA Meeting Proposal
Hi! I put together a proposal for another AMA meeting that I'm hopeful you can chime in on. --Wgfinley 19:47, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Human Rights Servey on Wikipedia (The final post of I_sterbinski)

 * Dear all,

 * Wikipedia was recently a subject of intensive research of an huge international human right organization. A team of people from different nationalities and ages were acting on Wikipedia for 20 days, investigating previously noted anomalities of Wikipedia free editing and forming a final report, which (between the others similar reports) will later be a guide to all future moves of the organization concerning Wikipedia. Acting under an account of a real person, their privacy is to be held private. Therefore, very few private information will be revealed.
 * Also, this is a result of the lack of final possition of the organization concerning Wikipedia and human rights, which was still not formed.

 * The team's final post on Wikipedia, where they explain their actions can be found on the following addresses:
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:I_sterbinski
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Macedonia#Human_Rights_Servey_on_Wikipedia_.28The_final_post_of_I_sterbinski.29

 * The team would like to thank to all the persons who took part in the correspondence with us.
 * We also want to appologise for keeping our identity secret for a longer period.

 * Best regards,
 * Aleksandar, Biljana, Asparuh, Christos, Valjon, Michael and Ana Luiza
 * I sterbinski 01:01, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Requests for arbitration/Template/Workshop
You, or any Wikipedia user, can contribute your suggestions and comments to the /Workshop page of any active arbitration case. Comments on evidence or proposals can help in understanding the import of evidence and in refining proposals. Proposed principles, findings of fact, or remedies may be listed on /Proposed decision and form part of the final decision. Fred Bauder 18:33, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

AMA
Hello, you are receiving this message because your name is on the list of members of the Association of Members' Advocates. There is a poll being held at Wikipedia talk:Association of Members' Advocates for approval of a proposal for the revitalisation of the association. You are eligible to vote and your vote and input are welcome. Izehar 22:15, 6 January 2006 (UTC)

AMA Coordinator Election
Dear AMA Member,

You are entitled to vote in the AMA Coordinator election, set to begin at midnight on 3 February 2006. Please see the pages on the election and its candidates and the procedure and policy and cast a vote by e-mail!

Wally 10:58, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

Regarding Association of Members' Advocates
Hi, you are receiving this message because you have listed yourself as an active member of WP:AMA. If you aren't currently accepting inquiries for AMA, or if you have resigned, please de-list yourself from AMA Members. If you are still active, please consider tending to any new requests that may appear on Category:AMA Requests for Assistance. We're going to put AMA on wheels. :) Sorry for the template spamming - we're just trying to update our records, after we had a huge backlog earlier in the week (if you've been taking cases, then sorry, and please ignore this :)). Again, sorry, and thanks! M a  rtinp23  21:13, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Brand image
A tag has been placed on Brand image requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A1 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a very short article providing little or no context to the reader. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. Also please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources that verify their content.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. αѕєηιηє t/c 11:34, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

Sarah Palin
Thank you for your contributions to the encyclopedia! In case you are not already aware, an article to which you have recently contributed is on article probation. KillerChihuahua?!? 00:45, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

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 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

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title: User talk:AtomAnt


text:
User talk:SHalsey

I am a sophomore attending Da Vinci High School and am creating this account for my Research and Communications class.

title: User talk:SHalsey


text:
Sassoferrato

Sassoferrato is a town and comune of the province of Ancona in the Marche region of central-eastern Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

History
Between Sassoferrato and Arcevia was the hill called Civitalba from the name of the ancient city there.

To the south of the town lie the ruins of the ancient Sentinum, on the Via Flaminia.

The castle above the town is mentioned from the 11th century; the town belonged to the House of Este from 1208, later to the Atti family, becoming a free municipality in 1460 after the assassination of Luigi degli Atti.

Geography
Sassoferrato borders with the municipalities of Arcevia, Fabriano, Genga, Serra Sant'Abbondio (PU), Pergola (PU), Costacciaro (PG, Umbria) and Scheggia e Pascelupo (PG, Umbria).

Frazioni
A frazione (plural: frazioni) is a type of subdivision of a comune (municipality) in Italy:

 * Baruccio
 * Borgo Sassoferrato
 * Breccia di Venatura
 * Cabernardi
 * Ca' Boccolino
 * Camarano
 * Camazzocchi
 * Canderico
 * Cantarino
 * Caparucci
 * Capoggi
 * Casalvento
 * Case Aia
 * Castagna
 * Castagna Bassa
 * Castiglioni
 * Catobagli
 * Col Canino
 * Coldapi
 * Col della Noce
 * Doglio
 * Felcioni
 * Frassineta
 * Gaville
 * Giontarello
 * La Frasca
 * Liceto
 * Mandole
 * Montelago
 * Monterosso
 * Monterosso Stazione
 * Morello
 * Pantana
 * Perticano
 * Piagge
 * Piaggiasecca
 * Piano di Frassineta
 * Piano di Murazzano
 * Radicosa
 * Regedano
 * Rondinella
 * Rotondo
 * San Egidio
 * San Felice
 * San Giovanni
 * San Paolo
 * San Ugo
 * Sassoferrato Castello
 * Schioppetto
 * Scorzano
 * Sementana
 * Seriole
 * Serra San Facondino
 * Stavellina
 * Valdolmo
 * Valitosa
 * Venatura

Notable people

 * Bartolo da Sassoferrato (1313–1359)
 * Cardinal Alessandro Oliva (1407–1463)
 * Niccolò Perotti (1430–1480), humanist
 * Antonio Perotti (1535–1582), captain named the "Paladin of Italy" by Alessandro Farnese
 * Pietro Paolo Agabiti (1470–1540), painter and architect
 * Pandolfo Collenuccio (1444–1504), man of letters
 * Giovani Battista Salvi (1609–1685), Italian Baroque painter, called "the Sassoferrato"
 * Baldassarre Olimpo degli Alessandri (1480? – 1540?), poet

title: Sassoferrato


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Talk:Canon law

Exeptions
The bulk of the first section does not talk about canon law but instead talks about those who failed to follow it by means of wealth or power. This material should be removed or given its own section. Ian Hampson, Wales, February 2019 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.254.201.36 (talk • contribs) 08:12, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Greek Church
"Greek Church" can refer to a grouping of Byzantine-rite Churches, but in this case, because each one is being individually named, "Greek Church" referred specifically to the Greek Byzantine Catholic Church of Greece. Elizium23 (talk) 02:21, 14 December 2019 (UTC)

Redundant List Section
There is a Redundant List Section, This Should be Under the Sub Article Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

''The Catholic Church also includes the main five rites (groups) of churches which are in full union with the Holy See and the Latin Church:Alexandrian Rite Churches which include the Coptic Catholic Church, Eritrean Catholic Church, and Ethiopian Catholic Church. West Syriac Rite which includes the Maronite Church, Syriac Catholic Church and the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church. Armenian Rite Church which includes the Armenian Catholic Church. Byzantine Rite Churches which include the Albanian Greek Catholic Church, Belarusian Greek Catholic Church, Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church, Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia, Greek Byzantine Catholic Church[citation needed], Hungarian Greek Catholic Church, Italo-Albanian Catholic Church, Macedonian Greek Catholic Church, Melkite Greek Catholic Church, Romanian Greek Catholic Church, Russian Greek Catholic Church, Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church, Slovak Greek Catholic Church and Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.East Syriac Rite Churches which includes the Chaldean Catholic Church and Syro-Malabar Church.'' All of these church groups are in full communion with the Supreme Pontiff and are subject to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

 Stalin SunnyTalk2Me 02:55, 14 December 2019 (UTC)

WP:FORK violation?
On the surface at least, it seems we have two articles about the same thing: Canon (canon law) and Canon law. It looks like an obvious WP:FORK violation. Is there a convincing reason not to merge them? --John Maynard Friedman (talk) 23:35, 15 January 2022 (UTC)
 * See my answer at Talk:Canon (canon law). Veverve (talk) 23:38, 15 January 2022 (UTC)

"Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of canon law" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of canon law and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 February 12 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Veverve (talk) 16:48, 12 February 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Canon law


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Penstemon barbatus

Penstemon barbatus, known by the common names golden-beard penstemon, and beardlip penstemon, is a flowering plant native to the western United States. In Spanish-speaking New Mexico and southern Colorado, it is called varita de San Jose – "St. Joseph's staff".

The plant has spikes of clustered, tubular, scarlet blossoms with yellow hairs on their lower lip; the flowers are very attractive to hummingbirds. It is commonly grown in Xeriscape and conventional gardens, and several cultivars of different colors have been developed.

The late-summer flowering of Penstemon barbatus coincides with the southern migration of the Rufous hummingbird, and the hummingbirds use the Scarlet buglers as "filling stations" for their long trip south.

Uses
The Zuni people rub the chewed root of the torreyi subspecies over the rabbit stick to insure success in the hunt.

title: Penstemon barbatus


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Category:Compositions by Franz Liszt

See also:
 * By Searle number (thematically):
 * List of compositions by Franz Liszt

title: Category:Compositions by Franz Liszt


text:
Bosse

Bosse may refer to:

 * Bosse (name)
 * Bosse (musician), German singer and songwriter
 * La Bosse (disambiguation)
 * Benjamin Bosse High School, Evansville, IN, USA
 * Bosse Field, stadium for minor league baseball team in Evansville, IN, USA

title: Bosse


text:
User talk:Unamuno

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Jayjg (talk) 17:16, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Unamuno


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Violet Hunt

Isobel Violet Hunt (28 September 1862 – 16 January 1942) was a British author and literary hostess. She wrote feminist novels. She founded the Women Writers' Suffrage League in 1908 and participated in the founding of International PEN.

Biography
Hunt was born in Durham. Her father was the artist Alfred William Hunt, her mother the novelist and translator Margaret Raine Hunt. The family moved to London in 1865 and she was brought up in the Pre-Raphaelite group, knowing John Ruskin and William Morris. There is a story that Oscar Wilde, a friend and correspondent, proposed to her in Dublin in 1879; the significance of this event requires her to have been old enough to become engaged, leading to change her birth date to 1862 (not 1866 as often given).

Hunt's writings encompassed short stories, novels, memoir, and biography. She was an active feminist, and her novels The Maiden's Progress and A Hard Woman were works of the New Woman genre, while her short story collection Tales of the Uneasy is an example of supernatural fiction. Her novel White Rose of Weary Leaf is regarded as her best work, while her biography of Elizabeth Siddal is considered unreliable, with animus against Siddal's husband, Dante Gabriel Rossetti. She was active in writers' organisations, founding the Women Writers' Suffrage League in 1908 and participated in the founding of International PEN in 1921.

Despite her considerable literary output, Hunt's reputation rests more with the literary salons she held at her home, South Lodge, in Campden Hill. Among her guests were Rebecca West, Ezra Pound, Joseph Conrad, Wyndham Lewis, D. H. Lawrence, and Henry James. She helped Ford Madox Hueffer (later known as Ford Madox Ford) establish The English Review in 1908. Many of these people were subsequently characterised in her novels, most notably Their Lives and Their Hearts.

Though never married, Hunt carried on multiple relationships, mostly with older men. Among her lovers were Somerset Maugham and H. G. Wells, though her longest affair was with the married Hueffer, who lived with her from about 1910 to 1918 at her home South Lodge (a period including his eight-day 1911 imprisonment for refusal to pay his wife for the support of their two daughters). She was fictionalised by him in two novels: as the scheming Florence Dowell in The Good Soldier and as the promiscuous Sylvia Tietjens in his tetralogy Parade's End. She was also the inspiration for the character Rose Waterfield in Somerset Maugham's novel The Moon and Sixpence and Norah Nesbit in Of Human Bondage. She was the basis for Claire Temple, the central character of Norah Hoult's There Were No Windows (1944). Hunt wrote two collections of supernatural stories, Tales of the Uneasy and More Tales of the Uneasy. Tales of the Uneasy was described by E. F. Bleiler as containing "Excellent stories, in which the supernatural is used as a technical device to indicate ironies of fate and the intimate relationship of life and death." Tales of the Uneasy was listed by horror historian R. S. Hadji among "unjustly neglected" horror books. Violet Hunt died of pneumonia in her home in 1942. Her grave and those of her parents is at Brookwood Cemetery.

Works

 * The Maiden's Progress (1894)
 * A Hard Woman, a Story in Scenes (1895)
 * The Way of Marriage (1896)
 * Unkist, Unkind! (1897)
 * The Human Interest – A Study in Incompatibilities (1899)
 * Affairs of the Heart (1900) stories
 * The Celebrity at Home (1904)
 * Sooner Or Later (1904)
 * The Cat (1905)
 * The Workaday Woman (1906)
 * White Rose Of Weary Leaf (1908)
 * The Wife of Altamont (1910)
 * The Life Story of a Cat (1910)
 * Tales of the Uneasy (1911) stories
 * The Doll (1911)
 * The Governess (1912) with Margaret Raine Hunt
 * The Celebrity's Daughter (1913)
 * The Desirable Alien (1913) (with Ford Madox Hueffer)
 * The House of Many Mirrors (1915)
 * Zeppelin Nights: A London Entertainment (1916) with Ford Madox Hueffer
 * Their Lives (1916)
 * The Last Ditch (1918)
 * Their Hearts (1921)
 * Tiger Skin (1924) stories
 * More Tales of The Uneasy (1925) stories
 * The Flurried Years (1926) autobiography, (U.S., I Have This To Say)
 * The Wife of Rossetti – Her Life and Death (1932)
 * Return of the Good Soldier: Ford Madox Ford and Violet Hunt's 1917 Diary (1983) (with Ford Madox Ford)

title: Violet Hunt


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Convent, Louisiana

Convent (Couvent) is a census-designated place in and the parish seat of St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States. It has been the parish seat since 1869. It is part of the New Orleans metropolitan area.

As of the 2010 census, its population was 711. The 2018 median household income was $52,292 above the state's average.

History
The community was originally named Baron when first settled 1722 to 1739. It was the location of the St. Michael's Convent (Order of the Sacred Heart) from 1825 to 1932 and the location of Jefferson College, 1831 to 1931.

St. Michael's Church Historic District and Jefferson College (now a Jesuit retreat center called Manresa House of Retreats), along with several historic homes in Convent, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

On February 23, 2016, an extremely large wedge tornado hit the Sugar Hill RV park with two dead and several people injured.

Geography
Located on the east bank of the Mississippi River, the town is only 16 ft above sea level. Convent has an area of 5.331 mi, of which 3.887 mi is land and 1.444 mi is water.

Industry
The town of Convent is home to a Royal Dutch Shell, Hydrogen cracking refinery that can produce 210k barrels of day of consumer petroleum products. As of July 2020, Shell was considering selling the plant. The plant produces 129,000 kg of annual air emissions that are high risk, including cobalt and cobalt compounds which is in high demand for the production of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles.

Notable person

 * Jarvis Landry is an American football wide receiver and return specialist for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League. He also played college football at LSU.

title: Convent, Louisiana


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Main Hoon Na

Main Hoon Na is a 2004 Hindi-language masala film directed by Farah Khan and produced by Gauri Khan under Red Chillies Entertainment. The film, which marks Farah Khan's directorial debut, stars Shah Rukh Khan, Sushmita Sen, Suniel Shetty, Amrita Rao and Zayed Khan, alongside Kirron Kher, Murali Sharma, Kabir Bedi, Boman Irani and Naseeruddin Shah. In the film, Major Ram Prasad Sharma is sent on a covert mission to pose as a college student and protect the general's daughter from a dangerous rogue soldier.

Development for the film began as early as 2001, however faced a number of delays during production. Main Hoon Na is notable for approaching the Indo-Pakistani conflict from a neutral perspective. Filming took place at St. Paul's School and the surrounding state of West Bengal. The film is also the first production of Red Chillies Entertainment.

Main Hoon Na was released on 30 April 2004 to positive reviews from critics and became a commercial success by grossing ₹84 crore, thus becoming the second highest-grossing Indian film of 2004, only surpassed by another Shah Rukh Khan-starrer Veer-Zaara.

At the 50th Filmfare Awards, Main Hoon Na received 12 nominations, including Best Film, Best Director (Farah), Best Actor (Shah Rukh), Best Supporting Actress (Rao), Best Supporting Actor (Zayed) and Best Villain (Shetty), winning Best Music Director (Anu Malik). A snippet of "Lament" from Light of Aiden (Celtic Version) is used throughout the film.

Plot
India and Pakistan launch Project Milaap, a prisoner exchange program in an attempt to de-escalate tensions between the two nations. Raghavan Dutta, a former Indian special forces soldier discharged for executing Pakistani citizens in revenge for his son's death, fires a shot at General Amarjeet Bakshi, but Brigadier Shekhar Sharma takes the bullet at a press conference. Raghavan runs a militant group with a former comrade Captain Khan, where he sets against peace between the two rival countries.

On his deathbed, Shekhar informs his son Major Ram Prasad Sharma about his other son Lakshman Prasad Sharma and wife Madhu who left him 20 years ago because Shekhar had cheated on his wife with Ram's mother. Shekhar asks Ram to bring his family together and that his ashes will be immersed by his sons, saying that he can finally be at peace if his family forgives him.

Meanwhile, General Bakshi sends Ram on a covert mission to protect his daughter Sanjana, who studies at St. Pauls College in Darjeeling. Ram is initially hesitant, but agrees when Bakshi informs him that Lakshman also studies in Darjeeling. General Bakshi convinces Ram to go there as a student as he won't be able to spend enough time with Sanjana if he goes as a teacher. Ram finds it tough to adjust to college life because he is much older than everyone. He encounters Sanjana and her love interest Lucky, but both don't want to know him for this reason.

A college student helps Ram hack the college computer to find out about Lakshman's identity, only to find that Lucky is actually Lakshman. During a race to get the college flag, Lakshman is saved from falling off the university's roof by Ram. The two of them and Sanjana become friends and Ram moves in with Lakshman and Madhu. Outside a cinema, Ram saves his classmate Percy from an assassination attempt by Khan; Ram captures him, but his own identity is found out by Raghavan, who arrives at the university masquerading as a teacher.

Ram also brings Madhu and Lakshman closer by helping them bond during his stay there. Ram falls in love with his chemistry professor Chandni, while Lakshman falls in love with Sanjana after Ram and Chandni give her a makeover. At prom, Raghavan orders a kidnapping on Chandni, but she is saved by Ram. After meeting with Sanjana, Ram requests Raghavan to drop the pair to her father at her hostel, where Sanjana reconciles with her father. After this night, Sanjana and Chandni discover Ram's true identity. Raghavan reveals Ram's true identity to Lakshman and his mother.

When Lakshman and Madhu confront Ram, Ram informs them that his father's last wish implored him to reconcile with his family. As they are not ready to accept him yet, Ram leaves their home and the university. Later, Raghavan holds the university hostage, demanding the cancelation of Project Milaap along with return of Captain Khan and Ram as a hostage in exchange for all the students' and teachers' lives. Upon being informed, Ram immediately returns to the university. Before fully entering the hostage situation, Ram encounters Madhu and apologizes.

Knowing what Ram is about to do, Madhu accepts him as a son. Accompanying Khan, Ram enters the building and gets subsequently shot by Khan. Ram survives, changes Khan's mind about his allegiances, and proceeds to kill the guards, thus freeing the students. Raghavan shoots Khan dead at point blank range for his betrayal. A fight ensues between Ram and Raghavan and Ram kills Raghavan by removing the safety pin from the latter's hand grenade.

Lakshman helps Ram escape from the ensuing explosion from aboard a helicopter and the two happily embrace as brothers. Meanwhile, Project Milaap is a success and all the prisoners are exchanged triumphantly. Ram and Lakshman immerse their father's ashes together as Madhu tearfully looks on. Finally, Lakshman and Ram graduates from the university and the entire university rejoices.

Cast

 * Shah Rukh Khan as Major Ram Prasad Sharma. Shekhar's son, Madhu's step-son, Lucky's half-brother and Chandini's love interest
 * Suniel Shetty as Ex-Major Raghavan Dutta, an ex-army officer turned terrorist who wants to stop Project Milaap from happening to avenge his son’s death
 * Sushmita Sen as Chandini Chopra, Ram, Sanjana and Laxman’s chemistry teacher and Ram’s love interest.
 * Amrita Rao as Sanjana "Sanju" Bakshi: General Amarjeet's daughter, and Laxman's love interest.
 * Zayed Khan as Laxman “Lucky” Prasad Sharma, Ram's half-brother and Sanju’s love interest.
 * Boman Irani as Yogendra "Yogi" Agarwal, college principal
 * Kirron Kher as Madhu Sharma, Ram's stepmother and Lucky's mother.
 * Bindu as Mrs. Sonali Kakkar
 * Murali Sharma as Ex-Captain Khan, Raghavan's second-in-command.
 * Kunal Kumar as Baman
 * Kabir Bedi as General Amarjeet Bakshi: Sanju's father, and Ram's superior officer.
 * Naseeruddin Shah as Brig. Shekhar Prasad Sharma: Ram and Lucky's father. (special appearance)
 * Satish Shah as Professor Madhav Rasai
 * Rakhi Sawant as Mini
 * Praveen Sirohi as Vivek
 * Rajiv Panjabi as Percy
 * Nassar Abdullah as Rajat Saxena, Project Milaap's TV host.
 * Tabu as Aparna (uncredited cameo appearance)
 * Geeta Kapoor as girl dancing in song "Gori Gori" (cameo appearance)
 * Sajid Khan as band member in song "Gori Gori" (guest appearance)
 * Rajeev Khandelwal as Himself (cameo appearance)

Development
The film was planned by Farah Khan and Shahrukh Khan in 2001. The shooting of the film had to begin in October 2001 but later that year, Shahrukh Khan got badly injured while shooting an action sequence for Shakti: The Power (2002) due to which he suffered pain in filming for his other projects. He was later sent to the UK for treatment and the film was subsequently shelved. The film was later revived in 2003 after Shahrukh Khan came back from the UK; Farah Khan wanted to name it The Outsider. After some of her friends suggested that the title she wants matches that of a 1983 Hollywood film, she finalized the title Main Hoon Na for the film though Shahrukh Khan was unhappy at that time with the title, thinking the title was incomplete, but later changed his mind after listening to the recording of the film's title song.

Casting
At a time when the film was revived in 2003, Hrithik Roshan, Farhan Akhtar, and Sohail Khan were considered for Lucky's role. Due to unknown reasons, none of the three accepted the film; Zayed Khan was later signed. Ameesha Patel was offered Sanju's role but rejected the character due to date issues, as did then-newcomer Ayesha Takia when she was also approached who also declined, after which Amrita Rao was finalized for the role.

Shah Rukh Khan asked Farah Khan to approach Kamal Haasan, suggesting that Haasan owed him a favor for his role in Hey Ram (2000). Haasan heard the script but turned down the role citing that it would portray him as an anti-national.

Reception
Main Hoon Na received positive reviews from critics.

Critical reception
Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama wrote "Main Hoon Na reinforces your faith in Bollywood commercial cinema. The film is a wholesome entertainer that has something for everyone." Jamie Russell of BBC wrote "A bonkers 'masala' movie, Main Hoon Na could be the mutant offspring of Grease and The Matrix. Part-thriller, part high-school comedy and all Bollywood musical, it's the directorial debut of Farah Khan."

Box office
Main Hoon Na was the second-highest grossing Indian film of 2004 behind Veer-Zaara (also a Shahrukh Khan-starrer set against India-Pakistan backdrop). It made inr 480000000 in India and an additional inr 19000000 in the overseas market.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Anu Malik. The lyrics were provided by Javed Akhtar. The soundtrack earned Malik his second Filmfare Award for Best Music Director. According to the Indian trade website Box Office India, with around 2.1 million units sold, the film's soundtrack album was one of the highest selling Bollywood soundtracks of the year. Sonu Nigam received several award nominations and won an MTV Immies Best Male Playback Singer Award.

Remake
The film was remade in Tamil as Aegan and was released in 27 October 2008.

title: Main Hoon Na


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Hog Farm

The Hog Farm is an organization considered America's longest running hippie commune. Beginning as a collective in North Hollywood, California, during the 1960s, a later move to an actual hog farm in Tujunga, California gave the group its name. Founded by peace activist Hugh Romney (later known as the performing clown Wavy Gravy) and his actress wife Jahanara Romney (née Bonnie Jean Beecher), the Hog Farm evolved into a "mobile, hallucination-extended family", active internationally in both music and politics. A documentary short The Hog Farm Movie, filmed in 1967/68, was digitally restored in July 2019.

Woodstock
The Hog Farm is perhaps best known for their involvement with the Woodstock Music Festival. While lodging on Manhattan's East Side from 1968–69, the Farm was approached by Woodstock Ventures with a proposal: participate in a planned music festival in upstate New York. Although the Farm had just bought land in Llano, New Mexico (near Truchas) and had plans to depart New York City and settle in their new home, they accepted the offer to become involved with Woodstock. Recruited to build fire pits and trails on the festival grounds at Woodstock, the Hog Farm convinced the promoter to let them set up a free kitchen as well.

The Hog Farm group was flown to New York, were met by the international press at JFK Airport, and told for the first time that they had also been assigned the task of providing festival security. Gravy called his rather unorthodox security force the "Please Force", a reference to their non-intrusive tactics at keeping order ("please don't do that, please do this instead"). When asked by the press what kind of tools he intended to use to maintain order at the event, his response was "Cream pies and seltzer bottles."
 * "Cream Pies and Seltzer Bottles"

Other projects
Shortly after Woodstock, the Hog Farmers helped keep the peace between the cowboys and the hippies at the Texas International Pop Festival, where blues musician B. B. King gave Wavy Gravy his name.

Recruited by San Francisco underground radio pioneer Tom Donahue and Warner Brothers Records to travel from San Francisco, California to New York and be filmed for a movie called Cruising for Burgers or We Have Come for Your Daughters, later renamed Medicine Ball Caravan, the Hog Farmers bussed themselves across America, setting up stages for mainstream rock artists. Finally, in 1970 after a concert with Pink Floyd in Bishopsbourne, England, the Farmers pooled their movie salaries basically; they received $100.00 each from Warner Brothers for the work they did while traveling across the U.S. for the purpose of promoting various musical groups that they had contracted with. Some funds were raised for them as well from a benefit staged by a London commune at the Roundhouse. They continued their trek across Europe and into India, where they decided to continue to Kathmandu, Nepal, where they worked as extras in the 1971 movie Hare Rama Hare Krishna, by Bollywood director Dev Anand. After that, they were invited by the then King of Nepal to visit the palace in Pokhara several hundred miles west of Kathmandu.

Stewart Brand (Whole Earth Catalog founder and editor), contacted the Swedish Government when he heard that the United Nations would host the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in June 1972 in Stockholm, Sweden. As America was constantly having antiwar demonstrations protesting the US involvement in Vietnam, he worried that in Stockholm that summer, perhaps violent protests might break out and thought that by sending a group of Hog Farmers over there, they might be able to be a calming center as they had done at Woodstock and other events. As it turned out, though, there weren't any protests at all. In 1974 the Swedish rock singer Pugh Rogefeldt wrote the song "Hog Farm" to criticize the community's use of drugs while visiting Stockholm; the song appears on the album Bolla och Rulla.

Passing through Amsterdam where they joined up with the crew of the Man bus just returned from India, they set out for Stockholm in a bus called the Mouse bus that had been converted from a gasoline engine to a propane engine. This was done in order to make the point at the conference that if a bunch of "ignorant hippies" could convert machines that consumed gasoline (and create unnecessary pollution), then industry could just as well or perhaps even better convert motors to a cleaner fuel. The Hog Farm were given a free campsite at Skarpnäck, a small glider airfield outside Stockholm proper together with an assortment of ecology activists. A free kitchen was established there by the Swedish Army, who brought several mobile cooking units and hundreds of pounds of oatmeal, wheat flour, rice, and other foods. The Free Food Kitchen started feeding a few hundred people a day. The Swedish Army also set up over 100 twenty-man tents, and built a stage where, at night, people gathered and discussed the happenings of the day. The highlight for the Hog Farm was the whale march into downtown Stockholm where they traveled in a bus—the Robin Hood bus—that was covered in black plastic with a big whale tail and preceded by a group of dancers representing death, to support a moratorium on whaling.

Later years
Today the Hog Farm continues in various locations, including a headquarters in Berkeley, California and a 600+ acre farm in Laytonville, California, known as Black Oak Ranch, which is also home to Wavy Gravy's performing arts camp for children, Camp Winnarainbow. Black Oak plays host to several music festivals each year, most of which operate in support of charitable causes. One such event was the annual Hog Farm Family Pig-Nic, which has featured performances by artists such as Ben Harper, Spearhead, and others. In recent years the Kate Wolf Memorial Music Festival, Enchanted Forest Gathering, and Earthdance festivals have been held there.

title: Hog Farm


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Jimmy Cobb

Wilbur James "Jimmy" Cobb (January 20, 1929 –May 24, 2020) was an American jazz drummer. He was part of Miles Davis's First Great Sextet. At the time of his death, he had been the Sextet's last surviving member for nearly thirty years. He was awarded an NEA Jazz Masters Fellowship in 2009.

Early life
Cobb was born in Washington, D.C., on January 20, 1929. Before he began his music career, he listened to jazz albums and stayed awake into the late hours of the night to listen to Symphony Sid broadcasting from New York City. Raised Catholic, he was also exposed to Church music.

Cobb started his touring career in 1950 with the saxophonist Earl Bostic. He subsequently performed with vocalist Dinah Washington, pianist Wynton Kelly, saxophonist Cannonball Adderley, bassist Keter Betts, Frank Wess, Leo Parker, and Charlie Rouse. His website also recounts his gigs with Billie Holiday, Pearl Bailey, and Dizzy Gillespie that took place before 1957.

Career
Cobb joined Miles Davis in 1958 as part of the latter's First Great Sextet, after Adderley recommended him to Davis. Cobb's best known recorded work is on Davis' Kind of Blue (1959). Cobb was the last surviving player from the sessions, a distinction that, after Davis's death in 1991, he held for almost three decades. He also played on other Davis albums, including Sketches of Spain (1960), Someday My Prince Will Come (1961), Miles Davis at Carnegie Hall (1962), In Person Friday and Saturday Nights at the Blackhawk, Complete, and briefly on Porgy and Bess (1959) and Sorcerer. His subtle and understated demeanor drew the admiration of many including Davis. However, this also meant that he did not get the same level of recognition that his fellow drummers would. Cobb had the propensity to eschew publicity and did not record his first set as bandleader until 1983, with the release of So Nobody Else Can Hear.

Cobb left the band in 1963, when Tony Williams was brought in by Davis. He formed a trio with pianist Wynton Kelly and bassist Paul Chambers, both of whom were part of Davis' rhythm section. The group toured and recorded as a trio, and also worked with Kenny Burrell, Wes Montgomery, Joe Henderson, J. J. Johnson and others. Chambers died in 1969, though Kelly and Cobb had occasionally used other bassists in the late 1960s as Chambers' health declined. Kelly died in 1971. Cobb went on to join the Great Jazz Trio, together with Hank Jones on piano and Eddie Gómez on bass. He also toured with Sarah Vaughan during the 1970s, and taught at Stanford University, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, and Berklee College of Music. He played in a tribute band called "4 Generations of Miles", together with Ron Carter (bass), Mike Stern (guitar), and George Coleman (tenor saxophone).

During his career, Cobb worked with Bill Evans, Clark Terry, Stan Getz, John Coltrane, Wes Montgomery, Art Pepper, Wayne Shorter, Benny Golson, Gil Evans, Kenny Dorham, Frank Strozier, Bobby Timmons, Booker Little, Johnny Griffin, Akiko Tsuruga, Bertha Hope, Hamiet Bluiett, Nat Adderley, Mark Murphy, Jon Hendricks, Joe Henderson, Fathead Newman, Geri Allen, Larry Willis, Walter Booker, Red Garland, Richie Cole, Ernie Royal, Jerome Richardson, Jimmy Cleveland, Philly Joe Jones, Sonny Stitt, Nancy Wilson, Ricky Ford, Richard Wyands, John Webber, and Peter Bernstein, among many others.

Awards
In June 2008, Jimmy Cobb was the recipient of the Don Redman Heritage Award. On October 17, 2008, Cobb was one of six artists to receive the 2009 National Endowment for the Arts NEA Jazz Masters award.

Personal life and death
Cobb was married to Eleana Steinberg Cobb until his death. Together, they had two daughters, Serena and Jaime, both of whom survived him.

Cobb died on May 24, 2020, at his home in Manhattan. He was 91 and had been suffering from lung cancer.

Discography
Source:

As leader/co-leader

 * So Nobody Else Can Hear (Contempo Vibrato, 1983) – recorded in 1981
 * Encounter with Ada Montellanico (Philology, 1994)
 * Only for the Pure of Heart (Fable/Lightyear, 1998) – live
 * Four Generations of Miles: A Live Tribute to Miles with George Coleman, Mike Stern, Ron Carter (Chesky, 2002)
 * Jimmy Cobb Trio (Azzurra Music, 2002)
 * Cobb's Groove (Milestone, 2003)
 * Yesterdays (RteesanCobb Music, 2003)
 * Taking a Chance on Love featuring Marco Tamburini (Sound Hills, 2004)
 * Tribute to Wynton Kelly & Paul Chambers (Sound Hills, 2004)
 * Cobb Is Back in Italy! (Azzurra Music, 2005)
 * Marsalis Music Honors Series: Jimmy Cobb (Marsalis/Rounder, 2006) – recorded in 2005
 * New York Time (Chesky, 2006)
 * Cobb's Corner (Chesky, 2007)
 * Jazz in the Key of Blue (Chesky, 2009)
 * Live at Smalls (Smallslive, 2010)
 * Remembering Miles 'Tribute to Miles Davis' (Sony Music, 2011)
 * The Original Mob (Smoke Sessions, 2014)
 * The Super Trio, Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise with Massimo Farao, Ron Carter (Venus, 2018)
 * This I Dig of You (Smoke Sessions, 2019) – live
 * Remembering U featuring Roy Hargrove (Jimmy Cobb World, 2019) – recorded in 2016

As sideman
With Cannonball Adderley
 * Sophisticated Swing (EmArcy, 1956)
 * Cannonball Enroute (EmArcy, 1957)
 * Cannonball's Sharpshooters (EmArcy, 1958)
 * Jump for Joy (EmArcy, 1958)
 * Cannonball Adderley Quintet in Chicago (Mercury, 1959)
 * Cannonball Takes Charge (Riverside, 1959)

With Nat Adderley
 * That's Right! (Riverside, 1960)
 * On the Move (Theresa, 1983)
 * Blue Autumn (Theresa, 1983)
 * We Remember Cannon (In + Out, 1989)
 * Autumn Leaves (Sweet Basil, 1990)
 * Talkin' About You (Landmark, 1991) – recorded in 1990
 * Work Song: Live at Sweet Basil (Sweet Basil, 1993) – recorded in 1990

With Lorez Alexandria
 * Alexandria the Great (Impulse!, 1964)
 * More of the Great Lorez Alexandria (Impulse!, 1964)

With John Coltrane
 * Standard Coltrane (Prestige, 1962) – recorded in 1958
 * Stardust (Prestige, 1963) – recorded in 1958
 * Kenny Burrell and John Coltrane (Prestige, 1963) – recorded in 1958
 * Bahia (Prestige, 1965) – recorded in 1958
 * Giant Steps (on "Naima" only, Atlantic, 1960) – recorded in 1959
 * Coltrane Jazz (Atlantic, 1961) – recorded in 1959-60

With Miles Davis
 * Porgy and Bess (Columbia, 1959) – recorded in 1958
 * 1958 Miles (CBS/Sony, 1974) – recorded in 1958
 * Jazz at the Plaza (Columbia, 1973) – recorded in 1958
 * Kind of Blue (Columbia, 1959)
 * Sketches of Spain (Columbia, 1960) – recorded in 1959-60
 * Someday My Prince Will Come (Columbia, 1961)
 * In Person Friday and Saturday Nights at the Blackhawk, Complete (Columbia, 2003) – recorded in 1961
 * Miles & Monk at Newport (Columbia, 1964) – recorded in 1958-63
 * Miles Davis at Newport 1955–1975: The Bootleg Series Vol. 4 (Columbia Legacy, 2015) – recorded in 1955-75

With Ricky Ford
 * Flying Colors (Muse, 1980)
 * Tenor for the Times (Muse, 1981)
 * Interpretations (Muse, 1982)
 * Future's Gold (Muse, 1983)
 * Shorter Ideas (Muse, 1984)
 * Saxotic Stomp (Muse, 1987)

With Benny Golson
 * Pop + Jazz = Swing (Audio Fidelity, 1961) – also released as Just Jazz!
 * Turning Point (Mercury, 1962)

With Joe Henderson
 * Four (Verve, 1994) – recorded in 1968
 * Straight, No Chaser (Verve, 1996) – recorded in 1968

With Hank Jones
 * The Great Jazz Trio, Threesome (Eastworld, 1982)
 * The Great Jazz Trio, What's New (Eastworld, 1982)
 * The Great Jazz Trio, The Club New Yorker (Denon, 1983)
 * The Great Jazz Trio, Ambrosia (Denon, 1983)
 * The Great Jazz Trio, N.Y.Sophisticate: a Tribute to Duke Ellington (Denon, 1984)
 * The Great Jazz Trio, Monk's Mood (Denon, 1984)
 * West of 5th (Chesky, 2006)

With Wynton Kelly
 * Kelly Blue (Riverside, 1959)
 * Wynton Kelly! (Vee-Jay, 1961)
 * Someday My Prince Will Come (Vee-Jay, 1961)
 * Comin' in the Back Door (Verve, 1963)
 * It's All Right! (Verve, 1964)
 * Undiluted (Verve, 1965)
 * Blues on Purpose (Xanadu, 1965)
 * Full View (Riverside, 1967)
 * Last Trio Session (Delmark, 1968)

With Wes Montgomery
 * Full House (Riverside, 1962)
 * Boss Guitar (Riverside, 1963)
 * Guitar on the Go (Riverside, 1963) – recorded in 1959-1963
 * Smokin' at the Half Note (Verve, 1965)
 * Willow Weep for Me (Verve, 1969) – recorded in 1965
 * The Alternative Wes Montgomery (Riverside, 1982) – recorded in 1960-1963
 * Smokin' Guitar (Toko, 1994) – recorded in 1965

With David "Fathead" Newman
 * Still Hard Times (Muse, 1982)
 * Song for the New Man (HighNote, 2004) – recorded in 2003

With Sonny Red
 * Out of the Blue (Blue Note, 1960)
 * The Mode (Jazzland (1962) – recorded in 1961
 * Images (Jazzland, 1962) – recorded in 1961

With Shirley Scott
 * For Members Only (Impulse!, 1963)
 * On a Clear Day (Impulse!, 1966)

With Bobby Timmons
 * This Here Is Bobby Timmons (Riverside, 1960)
 * Easy Does It (Riverside, 1961)
 * From the Bottom (Riverside, 1970) – recorded in 1964
 * The Soul Man! (Prestige, 1966)
 * Got to Get It! (Milestone, 1967)

With Sarah Vaughan
 * Live in Japan (Mainstream, 1975)
 * Ronnie Scott's Presents Sarah Vaughan Live (Pye, 1977)

With others
 * Pepper Adams-Donald Byrd Quintet, Out of this World (Warwick, 1961)
 * Peter and Will Anderson, Peter And Will Anderson featuring Jimmy Cobb (Outside In, 2020)
 * Félix Lemerle, Blues for the End Of Time (Tzim Tzum Records, 2022) – recorded in 2018
 * Toshiko Akiyoshi, Toshiko Mariano and Her Big Band (Vee-Jay, 1964)
 * Geri Allen, Timeless Portraits and Dreams (Telarc, 2006)
 * Dorothy Ashby, Soft Winds (Jazzland, 1961)
 * Kenny Barron and John Hicks, Rhythm-a-Ning (Candid, 1989)
 * Walter Benton, Out of This World (Jazzland, 1960)
 * Federico Bonifazi, You'll See (SteepleChase, 2016)
 * Walter Bishop Jr., The Walter Bishop Jr. Trio / 1965 (Prestige, 1965) – recorded in 1963
 * Nick Brignola, Burn Brigade (Bee Hive, 1979)
 * Paul Chambers, Go (Vee-Jay, 1959)
 * Al Cohn, Son of Drum Suite (RCA Victor, 1960)
 * Joey DeFrancesco, Wonderful! Wonderful! (HighNote, 2012)
 * Kenny Dorham, Blue Spring (Riverside, 1959)
 * Kenny Drew, Lite Flite (SteepleChase, 1977)
 * Curtis Fuller, Soul Trombone (Impulse!, 1961)
 * Eddie Gómez Trio, Live in Japan (Mezgo Music, 1996)
 * Paul Gonsalves, Gettin' Together (Jazzland, 1960)
 * Bunky Green, My Babe (Vee-Jay, 1965) – recorded in 1963
 * Bill Hardman, Saying Something (Savoy, 1961)
 * John Hendricks, Freddie Freeloader (Denon, 1990)
 * John Hicks and Elise Wood, Luminous (Nilva, 1985)
 * Hubert Laws, The Laws of Jazz (Atlantic, 1964)
 * Johnny Lytle, New and Groovy (Tuba, 1966)
 * Harold Mabern, To Love and Be Loved (Smoke Sessions, 2017)
 * Pat Martino, Desperado (Prestige, 1970)
 * Ronnie Mathews, Legacy (Bee Hive, 1979)
 * Billy Mitchell, De Lawd's Blues (Xanadu, 1980)
 * Frank Morgan, Quiet Fire (Contemporary, 1991) with Bud Shank – recorded in 1987
 * Art Pepper, Gettin' Together (Contemporary, 1960)
 * Jimmy Raney, Here's That Raney Day (Ahead, 1980)
 * Wayne Shorter, Introducing Wayne Shorter (Vee-Jay, 1959)
 * Don Sleet, All Members (Jazzland, 1961)
 * Sonny Stitt, In Style (Muse, 1982)
 * Teri Thornton, Devil May Care (Riverside, 1961)
 * Norris Turney, Big, Sweet 'n Blue with Larry Willis and Walter Booker (Mapleshade, 1993)
 * Phil Upchurch, Feeling Blue (Milestone, 1967)
 * Cedar Walton, Midnight Waltz (Venus, 2005)
 * Dinah Washington, For Those in Love (EmArcy, 1955)
 * C. I. Williams, When Alto Was King (Mapleshade, 1997)

title: Jimmy Cobb


text:
Dynamic array

In computer science, a dynamic array, growable array, resizable array, dynamic table, mutable array, or array list is a random access, variable-size list data structure that allows elements to be added or removed. It is supplied with standard libraries in many modern mainstream programming languages. Dynamic arrays overcome a limit of static arrays, which have a fixed capacity that needs to be specified at allocation.

A dynamic array is not the same thing as a dynamically allocated array or variable-length array, either of which is an array whose size is fixed when the array is allocated, although a dynamic array may use such a fixed-size array as a back end.

Bounded-size dynamic arrays and capacity
A simple dynamic array can be constructed by allocating an array of fixed-size, typically larger than the number of elements immediately required. The elements of the dynamic array are stored contiguously at the start of the underlying array, and the remaining positions towards the end of the underlying array are reserved, or unused. Elements can be added at the end of a dynamic array in constant time by using the reserved space, until this space is completely consumed. When all space is consumed, and an additional element is to be added, then the underlying fixed-size array needs to be increased in size. Typically resizing is expensive because it involves allocating a new underlying array and copying each element from the original array. Elements can be removed from the end of a dynamic array in constant time, as no resizing is required. The number of elements used by the dynamic array contents is its logical size or size, while the size of the underlying array is called the dynamic array's capacity or physical size, which is the maximum possible size without relocating data.

A fixed-size array will suffice in applications where the maximum logical size is fixed (e.g. by specification), or can be calculated before the array is allocated. A dynamic array might be preferred if:
 * the maximum logical size is unknown, or difficult to calculate, before the array is allocated
 * it is considered that a maximum logical size given by a specification is likely to change
 * the amortized cost of resizing a dynamic array does not significantly affect performance or responsiveness

Geometric expansion and amortized cost
To avoid incurring the cost of resizing many times, dynamic arrays resize by a large amount, such as doubling in size, and use the reserved space for future expansion. The operation of adding an element to the end might work as follows: As n elements are inserted, the capacities form a geometric progression. Expanding the array by any constant proportion a ensures that inserting n elements takes O(n) time overall, meaning that each insertion takes amortized constant time. Many dynamic arrays also deallocate some of the underlying storage if its size drops below a certain threshold, such as 30% of the capacity. This threshold must be strictly smaller than 1/a in order to provide hysteresis (provide a stable band to avoid repeatedly growing and shrinking) and support mixed sequences of insertions and removals with amortized constant cost.

Dynamic arrays are a common example when teaching amortized analysis.

Growth factor
The growth factor for the dynamic array depends on several factors including a space-time trade-off and algorithms used in the memory allocator itself. For growth factor a, the average time per insertion operation is. If memory allocator uses a first-fit allocation algorithm, then growth factor values such as a=2 can cause dynamic array expansion to run out of memory even though a significant amount of memory may still be available. There have been various discussions on ideal growth factor values, including proposals for the golden ratio as well as the value 1.5. Many textbooks, however, use a = 2 for simplicity and analysis purposes.

Below are growth factors used by several popular implementations:

Performance
The dynamic array has performance similar to an array, with the addition of new operations to add and remove elements:

 * Getting or setting the value at a particular index (constant time)
 * Iterating over the elements in order (linear time, good cache performance)
 * Inserting or deleting an element in the middle of the array (linear time)
 * Inserting or deleting an element at the end of the array (constant amortized time)

Dynamic arrays benefit from many of the advantages of arrays, including good locality of reference and data cache utilization, compactness (low memory use), and random access. They usually have only a small fixed additional overhead for storing information about the size and capacity. This makes dynamic arrays an attractive tool for building cache-friendly data structures. However, in languages like Python or Java that enforce reference semantics, the dynamic array generally will not store the actual data, but rather it will store references to the data that resides in other areas of memory. In this case, accessing items in the array sequentially will actually involve accessing multiple non-contiguous areas of memory, so the many advantages of the cache-friendliness of this data structure are lost.

Compared to linked lists, dynamic arrays have faster indexing (constant time versus linear time) and typically faster iteration due to improved locality of reference; however, dynamic arrays require linear time to insert or delete at an arbitrary location, since all following elements must be moved, while linked lists can do this in constant time. This disadvantage is mitigated by the gap buffer and tiered vector variants discussed under Variants below. Also, in a highly fragmented memory region, it may be expensive or impossible to find contiguous space for a large dynamic array, whereas linked lists do not require the whole data structure to be stored contiguously.

A balanced tree can store a list while providing all operations of both dynamic arrays and linked lists reasonably efficiently, but both insertion at the end and iteration over the list are slower than for a dynamic array, in theory and in practice, due to non-contiguous storage and tree traversal/manipulation overhead.

Variants
Gap buffers are similar to dynamic arrays but allow efficient insertion and deletion operations clustered near the same arbitrary location. Some deque implementations use array deques, which allow amortized constant time insertion/removal at both ends, instead of just one end.

Goodrich presented a dynamic array algorithm called tiered vectors that provides O(n1/k) performance for insertions and deletions from anywhere in the array, and O(k) get and set, where k ≥ 2 is a constant parameter.

Hashed array tree (HAT) is a dynamic array algorithm published by Sitarski in 1996. Hashed array tree wastes order n1/2 amount of storage space, where n is the number of elements in the array. The algorithm has O(1) amortized performance when appending a series of objects to the end of a hashed array tree.

In a 1999 paper, Brodnik et al. describe a tiered dynamic array data structure, which wastes only n1/2 space for n elements at any point in time, and they prove a lower bound showing that any dynamic array must waste this much space if the operations are to remain amortized constant time. Additionally, they present a variant where growing and shrinking the buffer has not only amortized but worst-case constant time.

Bagwell (2002) presented the VList algorithm, which can be adapted to implement a dynamic array.

Naïve resizable arrays -- also called "the worst implementation" of resizable arrays -- keep the allocated size of the array exactly big enough for all the data it contains, perhaps by calling realloc for each and every item added to the array. Naïve resizable arrays are the simplest way of implementing a resizable array in C. They don't waste any memory, but appending to the end of the array always takes Θ(n) time. Linearly growing arrays pre-allocate ("waste") Θ(1) space every time they re-size the array, making them many times faster than naïve resizable arrays -- appending to the end of the array still takes Θ(n) time but with a much smaller constant. Naïve resizable arrays and linearly growing arrays may be useful when a space-constrained application needs lots of small resizable arrays; they are also commonly used as an educational example leading to exponentially growing dynamic arrays.

Language support
C++'s  and Rust's   are implementations of dynamic arrays, as are the  classes supplied with the Java API  and the .NET Framework.

The generic  class supplied with version 2.0 of the .NET Framework is also implemented with dynamic arrays. Smalltalk's  is a dynamic array with dynamic start and end-index, making the removal of the first element also O(1).

Python's  datatype implementation is a dynamic array the growth pattern of which is:  0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 52, 64, 76, ...

Delphi and D implement dynamic arrays at the language's core.

Ada's  generic package provides dynamic array implementation for a given subtype.

Many scripting languages such as Perl and Ruby offer dynamic arrays as a built-in primitive data type.

Several cross-platform frameworks provide dynamic array implementations for C, including  and   in Core Foundation, and   and   in GLib.

Common Lisp provides a rudimentary support for resizable vectors by allowing to configure the built-in  type as adjustable and the location of insertion by the fill-pointer.

title: Dynamic array


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Photography of female nudes before 1923

Photography of female nudes before 1923
This article is concise, beautiful, and well-written. Its name was recently changed from vintage erotica. Here is the discussion that led to the name change. Cranberry 17:23, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. Quote from mentioned discussion: "True, 1923 is an arbitrary cutoff; the main reason for choosing it was that I could use any pictures from that era without causing a copyvio". This is a ridiculous reason to name an article, to which I object. If you make such a cutoff, it must at least 1) a fixed cutoff (not a moving one) and 2) have a good reason for the cutoff. Also, it is not necessary to have a photo of each year to write an article about, "black and white erotic photos". As for the article itself, it very much seems like an excuse to have nude photos. The text is brief and jumps from fact to fact. It appears to be far from complete, and seems to mention only a few names and situations. We do not get a good overview of the scale and size of female nude photography in said era, public opinion - only a few indications are mentioned. There is no discussion of the ties with related topics (male nude photography, female nude photography after the "magical" 1923 border, photography in general), and it is unclear why the article is so specific. Right now, it would not even be a proper addition to "Female nude photography". Jeronimo 07:46, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, there is certainly nothing keeping someone from writing Photography of male nudes or expanding this article to bring it up to the present, and renaming it Photography of female nudes. In fact, if both articles are written, they might even be combined into Nude photography. The current title was chosen in order to accurately described the content, but does not limit future expansion in any way. Like many Wikipedians, I simply chose to limit my writing to the area of my expertise, photography of female nudes before 1923, rather than include photography of male nudes, or modern-day nude photography, which I am not as familiar with, and could not as competently write about. Cranberry 17:26, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * ObjectI completely agree with the above. The whole approach seems ill thought out, as a reason to put these  photos in an article.  They are good images (except for the 4th, where the poor woman seems to have unfortunate posture) and I'm sure an article on the subject can be featured, but not as it is now.Giano 09:15, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I think there is a problem here Vintage erotica still exists as a seperate article with a cheerful looking lady who does not seen very vintage. Vintage erotica's talk page is the same as Photography of female nudes before 1923 I think someone's either confused or having a joke! I think also one should remember that this is an educational site that children visit too, and images should not be to grafic. Giano 14:20, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * While I concur with Jeronimo's assessment, I would note that the images accompanying this article would be considered quite decent in most countries. By almost any Western standard, they are restrained and in good taste. Considering what children are exposed to on network television, I would not consider these "graphic". Denni ☯ 01:06, 2005 Feb 3 (UTC)
 * Sorry I phrased that badly. The  images in both articles are completely tame and harmless, I meant care should be taken that such an article does not attract a more graphic type of image being uploaded.Giano 09:21, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * It should be noted that one of the principal authors of this article (an anon, 205.217.105.2) just committed voter fraud on this very page by attempting to impersonate 172 and RickK. This same anonymous user went on to impersonate other users on several user talk pages. I don't mean to suggest impropriety, but is 205.217.105.2 the same user as User:Cranberry? In any event, I oppose this nomination, in agreement with Jeronimo above. -- Hadal 14:36, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Object The article's title is arbitrary, and the topic isn't sufficiently developed. The fact that someone could write more about the topic and how it relates to other topics does not seem to me to be a good reason for featuring it.  I'm not so concerned with the motives for writing the article (as others are), but it is simply much too underdeveloped for such a broad topic. Jun-Dai 01:14, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)


text:
United Labour Front

The United Labour Front (ULF) was a labourist political party in Trinidad and Tobago and the main opposition party between 1976 and 1986. It was a successor to the Democratic Labour Party and the Workers and Farmers Party.

History
The party was established in 1975 by union leaders in an attempt to unify the mainly black workers in the oil industry with the mainly Indian workers in the sugar plantations. However, this was not achieved successfully, and the party was labelled communist by opponents, alienating key potential voters. Despite this setback, the party received 27.2% of the vote in the 1976 elections, winning ten of the 36 seats and becoming the main opposition to the People's National Movement. It saw most of its success amongst Indian voters, and despite its intentions to become a multi-racial party, effectively became the successor to the Democratic Labour Party. Having started with a collective leadership, the party eventually coalesced around Basdeo Panday.

In the 1981 elections the party joined with the Democratic Action Congress and the Tapia House Movement to form the Trinidad and Tobago National Alliance. However, its vote share fell to 15.2%, falling behind the Organisation for National Reconstruction, and losing two of its ten seats (the DAC won two and the Tapia House Movement none). Prior to the 1986 elections it merged into the newly established National Alliance for Reconstruction, which won the elections.

title: United Labour Front


text:
User talk:JH072589

My name is james and i live in california in a town called Davis which is about 14 miles outside of Sacramento. I have lived there for about 10 years, the first five years of my life i spent in Ireland, where i was born. If you havent figured it out i am 15 years of age. I have a younger brother who is three years behind and a Twin that is a minute behind me. I am attending Davis Senior High School and am in the procces of completing my sophmore year. My main interest in school are athletics (sports) and engineering. In the future i would like to become a pro athlete or a mechanical engineer. I would like to become a pro athlete because i enjoy playing sports and have played them all my life. Most of my free time i spend outside with freinds playing or doing something active. Rght now to occupy myself on my free time i am playing rugby with some of my freinds. A little while ago we would all just play for fun but then someone brought up the idea of playing and now we are all on the Davil rugby team. It is a very fun sport to play. I dont think i have ever enjoyed a sport this much since i played soccer which was about 4 years ago. I would also like to become a mechanical engeneer because i enjoy building, creating, designing, and or fixing things. I am talented in builing things with my hands. Sometimes when i have alot of free time like in the summer i will build something like a down hill racer with some of my freinds. I enjoy and get a thrill out of completing something and completing it well! I am also interested in all forms of transportation, mainly cars and planes. But if i do gat an engineering career i would like to have it to relate to forms of transportation. Those are the two main areas in what i am interested in but there are many more that i could or have thought about entering. I am a very organized person and liek things set in order. If i am doing something i will make sure that i know what i am doing. I am a person with good motive and i just want to be successful in Life.

title: User talk:JH072589


text:
User:EbulaJonez

Hi,

I'm a 16 year old male attending DaVinci High School. I am into computers and video games and built my own computer for my 16th birthday.

 * User:EbulaJonez/The Future Party

title: User:EbulaJonez


text:
Talisay

Talisay may refer to:

Places in the Philippines

 * Talisay, Batangas
 * Talisay, Camarines Norte
 * Talisay, Cebu
 * Talisay, Negros Occidental

Other uses

 * Talisay, the Filipino common name for the tree Terminalia catappa

title: Talisay


text:
Andrew Reed (police officer)

Sir Andrew Reed (26 September 1837 – 7 November 1914) was an Anglo-Irish barrister and inspector-general of the Royal Irish Constabulary.

Biography
Reed was born in Galway, Ireland, the son of John Reed of Galway and Mary Adamson of County Meath. He was educated at Queen's University Belfast and called to the Bar in 1873. He entered the Royal Irish Constabulary and was appointed District Inspector, 1859; became Inspector-General in 1885. He retired 1900.

Aside from being the only R.I.C. cadet officer to be promoted Inspector General, Reed changed the rules for promotion in the Royal Irish Constabulary. Up until his tenure, Catholics had little success in attaining promotions. Even though most of the force was Catholic, almost all the officers were non-Catholic. Reed instituted a rule that each year, 60 men who were Catholic and passed the Sergeant's exam would be promoted.

He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in 1889, a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1892, a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) in 1900 and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in 1897.

His son Major General Hamilton Lyster Reed was awarded the Victoria Cross for his bravery in the Second Boer War.

Reed died in Dublin in November 1914 and is buried in Deans Grange Cemetery. His epitaph reads: - "I have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in truth." (3 John 4.)

title: Andrew Reed (police officer)


text:
User talk:OwenBlacker/Cyrillic

Just out of curiosity, what is it about the cursive Cyrillics that's undesirable? Is it the fact that some letter-forms are different and consequently confusing, or just poor display of the fonts on some systems? On the Mac, rendering of obscure characters usually falls back to the large Unicode font Lucida Grande. This font only has roman and bold styles. So in the table, all the archæic letters show up in upright form, only.

This looks to me like the start of a good article on Scientific transliteration, or Scholarly transliteration, which has been notable by its absence. You probably already know the other references:
 * Romanization
 * ISO9
 * Transliteration of Russian into English
 * Romanization of Ukrainian

If you're suggesting this be adopted as a Wikipedia-wide convention, I'm afraid the resistance will be overwhelming, although I think a universal and consistent system of Cyrillic transliteration used alongside the traditional Latin spellings would be beneficial. The traditional phonetic method (misnamed "Transliteration of Russian into English") is pretty well established among the Russian Wikipedians, and anything with diacritics is always poo-pood by the "is English your native language?" crowd. "Scientific" transliteration does get used in linguistics articles, though. Ukrainian geographic names have their own system.

—Michael Z. 2005-02-1 17:23 Z

title: User talk:OwenBlacker/Cyrillic


text: User talk:81.154.244.236

title: User talk:81.154.244.236