text:
User talk:Pwchicken

Welcome!
Hi Pwchicken, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

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- Mailer Diablo 06:15, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pwchicken


text:
Talk:Alan Jabbour

Text
The text of article was obtained from Library of Congress site. Darwinek 17:17, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Ancestry
Is he Lebanese American? Badagnani (talk) 00:22, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

His father emigrated from Syria.

Is his mother also Syrian? Badagnani (talk) 01:04, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

pronunciation?
How's he pronounce his name? — eitch 02:41, 24 January 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Alan Jabbour


text:
Affine pricing

In economics, affine pricing is a situation where buying more than zero of a good gains a fixed benefit or cost, and each purchase after that gains a per-unit benefit or cost.

Calculation
Denoting T is the total price paid, q is the quantity in units purchased, p is a constant price per unit, and k is the fixed cost, the affine price is then calculated by $$T=p*q + k$$.

In mathematical language, the price is an affine function (sometimes also linear function) of the quantity bought. An example would be a cell phone contract where a base price is paid each month with a per-minute price for calls.

Sliding-scale price contracts achieve a similar effect, although the terms are stated differently. The price decreases with volume produced, achieving the same financial transfer over time, but the transaction is always based on units sold, with the fixed cost amortized into the price of each unit.

title: Affine pricing


text:
List of civil parishes in East Sussex

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. There are 105 civil parishes.

Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes and those created after 2011.

The districts of Eastbourne, Hastings and most of Brighton and Hove are unparished. This corresponds to the former districts of Eastbourne County Borough, Hastings County Borough, Hove Municipal Borough, Portslade by Sea Urban District and part of the former Brighton County Borough.

title: List of civil parishes in East Sussex


text:
Civil parishes in Greater Manchester

A civil parish is a country subdivision, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 14 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Greater Manchester, most of the county being unparished; Bury, Rochdale, Salford and Stockport are completely unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 129,325 people living in the civil parishes, accounting for 5.2% of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into rural sanitary districts, based on the poor law unions; these subsequently formed the basis for rural districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into rural districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the urban district, municipal borough or county borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to poor law unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former urban districts and municipal boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

title: Civil parishes in Greater Manchester


text:
User talk:Coffeechica

Welcome!
Hi Coffeechica, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

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Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

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Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 16:17, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Hey !
Hi Carrie -- thanks for the nice comment on my talk page. There's still SO much work to do, but at least we've got a start! Sandy 02:42, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Coffeechica


text:
H & L Records

H&L Records (1976–1979) was a record label founded by Hugo Peretti and Luigi Creatore after they left Avco Records. They took The Stylistics with them.

Releases
The dual artist record, "That Old Black Magic" by The Softones backed with "Love is the Answer" by Van McCoy was released on a single. By October 1978, the backing band for The Manhattans, 98.6 were signed to the H & L label.

Later years
In 1984, the H&L masters and those from Avco were acquired by Amherst Records.

title: H & L Records


text:
User talk:Aix tom

Welcome!
Hi Aix tom, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

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Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

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Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 16:17, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Aix tom


text:
List of civil parishes in Herefordshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. There are 235 civil parishes.

Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes.

Since the 2011 census: Ross Rural was merged into the Ross-on-Wye civil parish on 1 April 2015 and on the 1st of April 2019 the parishes of Kenderchurch, St Devereux, Treville and Wormbridge were merged with Kilpeck.

title: List of civil parishes in Herefordshire


text:
List of civil parishes in Hampshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Hampshire, England. There are 268 civil parishes.

Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes.

The following former districts are unparished: the Basingstoke Municipal Borough, Fareham Urban District, Gosport Municipal Borough, Havant and Waterloo Urban District, Southsea Civil Parish,  Portsmouth County Borough, Aldershot Municipal Borough, Farnborough Urban District, Southampton County Borough and Winchester Municipal Borough. This includes the whole of the modern districts of: Rushmoor, Southampton, Portsmouth, Havant, Gosport and Fareham.

title: List of civil parishes in Hampshire


text:
List of civil parishes on the Isle of Wight

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Isle of Wight, England. There are 33 civil parishes.

Isle of Wight
The whole of the county is parished.
 * Data Source: Office of National Statistics: QS102EW - Population density


text:
ANAP

ANAP may refer to:

 * National Association of Small Farmers (Asociación Nacional de Agricultores Pequeños, ANAP) in Cuba
 * The Motherland Party of Turkey (Anavatan Partisi, abbreviated as ANAVATAN and formerly abbreviated as ANAP)
 * Alliance Party for the Sake of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Naminə Alyans Partiyası), a political party in Azerbaijan
 * Afghan National Auxiliary Police
 * American National Alternative Party (The newest American political party)

title: ANAP


text:
Talk:Chronovisor

When was this
When was this "theory" first put forward? I only ask because the concept reminds me of something in a short story by Isaac Asimov. Thanks.--Pharos 16:24, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I believe the Asimov story you refer to was "The Dead Past", originally published in Astounding, April 1956. Jonathunder 01:56, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)

Yes, quite right, thanks. I wonder if the first claims for the Chronovisor "theory" came before or after "The Dead Past".--Pharos 02:01, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The earliest claim I could find was in 1972. See the references at the end of this Skeptical Inquirer article. Jonathunder 02:24, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)

Actually, come to think of it, there was another similar device in Arthur C. Clarke's Childhood's End, published 1953, which actually disproved religious accounts there. I suspect this may be a not uncommmon science fiction plot device, and it could be wrong to pin down the idea of the Chronovisor to any one fictional instance. BTW, the Skeptical Inquirer article seems to make it quite clear that Father Ernetti did make these claims himself, rather than this Earth-shattering accomplishment merely being ascribed to him by the author Brune. It is interesting that Father Ernetti publically produced the supposed photograph of the crucifixion, identical to one sold on a postcard, and the full version of that lost play, with its suspiciously narrow Latin vocabulary.--Pharos 02:57, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, there are many instances of the "past viewer" in science fiction. Orson Scott Card's _Pastwatch_ also centers on such a device.  It's a pretty tempting fantasy.PotatoKnight 06:28, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

pix?
The article shows two pictures now deleted. Can someone link to a website where they're not deleted? Anomo 08:32, 5 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Perhaps there was some copyright issue of some sort, there is no other reason for them to be removed from wikipedia otherwise. EpiVictor 14:20, 5 October 2006 (UTC)

 * perhaps it was something we were not suppose to see! dun dun dun —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 142.162.48.37 (talk) 05:22, 5 December 2006 (UTC).

Project Looking Glass
Project Looking Glass is alleged to be somewhat related to the content of htis article. The current Wikipedia article Project Looking Glass however deals with a completely unrelated matter. I have nevertheless added a section to that talk page about this matter. __meco (talk) 10:49, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

The Time Tunnel
I wonder if the Chronovisor legend inspired the 1966 - 1967 American television series The Time Tunnel, about a time machine that could view events in the distant past (via stock footage from the 20th Century Fox film library). Eligius (talk) 02:34, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Doubtful; the Chronovisor story only surfaced in 2002. However, as mentioned above, time viewers had often appeared in science fiction before then; it's a common gimmick. 21:35, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

Really?
The way the article reads it is almost as if we are giving credibility to this thing. Yeah, I'm sure this time machine is secretly hidden in the Vatican and the College of Cardinals are just whizzing through time for the banter. Claíomh Solais (talk) 14:21, 1 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Exactly. The best we can do is cast doubt? It is obviously a fantasy with no possibility of redemption. --Oscar Bravo (talk) 06:36, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

DEVS
Check out the UK TV Series DEVS - this should perhaps be linked because the series is about the creation of pretty much what was described here. Although this in itself is a bit of a spoiler for the series.

Viewing the past
So Father Ernetti effectively invented Dave? Coat please… Mr Larrington (talk) 22:54, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

Doctor Who connection?
During Doctor Who's second season, starring William Hartnell and broadcast in 1965, the serial "The Space Museum" ends with the Doctor being rewarded for saving the day with anything he wants from the museum's collection. He chooses a gadget called a Time-Space Visualiser which resembles a large television. In the following episode, at the start of the storyine "The Chase", the Doctor and his companions use the TSV to observe various events throughout history, including the Gettysburg Address, the secret of who really wrote Shakespeare's plays, and a performance by the Beatles. Doesn't this sound an awful lot like Father Ernetti's Chronovisor? Several possible inspirations for this extremely transparent hoax are mentioned in the article, but that's yet another one!

Oh, by the way, Robert Rankin's novel "The Brightonomicon" features the Chronovisor as the Macguffin the baddie is trying to get hold of. For some reason, probably copyright-related, it is renamed the Chronovision, but the backstory of how Father Ernetti built it and the Vatican hushed it up is exactly the same. Worth a mention? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.132.249.141 (talk) 06:07, 21 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chronovisor


text:
Stabyhoun

The Stabyhoun, or Stabijhoun or Stabij (in Frisian), is one of the rarest dog breeds in the world. It hails from the Dutch province of Friesland; its origins lie in the forested region of eastern and southeastern Friesland. The breed has been mentioned in Dutch literature dating back to the early 1800s, but it was not until the 1960s that the breed became known outside its native province; the first Stabyhouns left the Netherlands some decades later, in the 2000s. The name Stabijhoun translates roughly to "stand by [me] dog". The dog is considered a Dutch national treasure. Today, there are only a few thousand Stabyhouns worldwide.

Origins

The Stabyhoun is mentioned in the early 19th century Frisian literature of Joost Halbertsma, Waling Dijkstra, and Nynke fan Hichtum. Historically, this breed was used for hunting foxes, small game, and birds. A fixture on Frisian farms, Stabyhouns have proven to be skillful mole-catchers. During the hunting season, it was used as an all-round gun dog. Today, the Stabyhoun remains a competent hunter, although British and German hunting breeds remain more popular. Known for its calm disposition, the Stabij is a soft-mouthed retriever, a fine pointer, excellent tracker, and a good alert dog. It has also been used by dairy farmers as a cart dog.

These dogs used to be found nearly exclusively on farms, whose owners had limited means and needed a general-purpose farm dog capable of working, hunting, and keeping watch, whilst being a faithful and reliable family companion. The breed's appearance and purpose have not changed. In order to optimise the traits of the working farm dog in earlier days, the Stabyhoun was often mixed with another old and rare Frisian breed, the Wetterhoun, whose rugged coats and huskier physiques made Stabijs more robust. However, in 1942 the Stabyhoun received official breed recognition, and crossbreeding of the Stabyhoun and Wetterhoun ceased altogether in an effort to prevent the extinction of these increasingly rare breeds.

Today, the Stabyhoun enjoys a small but devoted following amongst Dutch sportsmen and families. Its numbers are increasing slowly but steadily. This breed has caught the attention of dog lovers in the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, and North America.

The Working Stabyhoun
Historically, the Stabyhoun was an all-around working farm dog. Apart from hunting, these dogs were used to guard property and to catch pests such as rats, moles, and polecats. This versatility is still evident in the breed today. Due to the Stabij being a canine jack-of-all-trades, it has not attracted the attention of hobbyists looking to pursue a certain sport or activity.

The Stabyhoun is both a soft-mouthed retriever and pointer with a strong tracking abilities. It works very well in water, not shying away from frigid rivers or lakes, and is easily controlled over greater distances. It retrieves any game alive and undamaged. Despite its more modest build, it is a powerful and sturdy dog, with larger Stabyhouns historically used to pull dog-carts when need arose.

The Stabyhoun is now used in almost all types of dog trials and activities: dog agility, obedience, hunting, triathlon, endurance, and frisbee, amongst others.

Temperament
The Stabyhoun is known for its gentle disposition. This breed is friendly, sensitive, intelligent, calm, patient, and biddable but may be stubborn on occasion. The Stabyhoun is extremely tolerant of children and other animals. With steady yet gentle training, this breed will be obedient and devoted to its guardian. Stabyhouns should never be vicious or snappy.

Although a Stabyhoun can be very calm indoors, like all sporting breeds, it enjoys plenty of physical activity. Given their Frisian roots, Stabyhouns relish the opportunity to swim.

Appearance
Sturdily built with a soft silky coat, the Stabyhoun is greater in length than height. It should be of good physical scale and balance and neither muscular nor slender in build. Feminine and masculine facial features are distinct such that sex is easily distinguished.

Coat
Most Stabyhouns have a black and white coat and typically have a solid black head and white tipped tail. Brown and white Stabyhouns are less common but may be found in the Netherlands, whilst orange and white coated Stabyhouns have become increasingly rare.

Ticking and/or roaning in the white portions of the coat are acceptable, but tricolour is considered a fault. Males are 53 cm and females are 50 cm at the withers. The ideal weight of a Stabyhoun is 45 lb for a female and 50 - 55 lb for a male.

Head and Face
The head should show more length than width, with the skull and foreface equally long. The hair on the head is short. The skull should be slightly domed—but not narrow—and may never give the impression of being wide. The head is carried low on a strong, slightly arched neck. The stop is only slightly indicated. The foreface is powerful, tapering gently towards the nose without giving the appearance of a point. The bridge is straight, and the muzzle is broad; the nose is well-developed and has wide nostrils. Lips are tight and cover the teeth, which are strong and have a scissor bite. The neck should be free of throatiness or dewlap. The expression of the face should always be gentle and intelligent.

The ears are set fairly low, medium in size, and strongly developed. The ears project from the head and are moderately long and shaped like a mason's trowel. Feathering on the ears is typical, with hair growing longer at the base of the ear and steadily decreasing in length. The bottom third of the ear is covered with short hair.

The eyes should lie level in the head and be of medium size with tight rounded lids. There should not be the appearance of haw or a third eyelid. Dogs with black and white coats should have dark brown eyes, while brown and white Stabyhouns may have brown- or orange-coloured eyes. Bird-of-prey eyes are considered a fault.

Body
The Stabyhoun's coat is long and sleek. Although a slight wave over the croup is permissible, it should never be curly. The hair behind a Stabyhoun's front and rear quarters is longer and fuller but should never feather. Any curling of the coat suggests that cross-breeding has occurred in a dog's line and, for this reason, cannot be considered a purebred Stabyhoun.

A Stabyhoun's body should be powerful with well-rounded ribs. Its back is straight, with the croup sloping slightly. The loin is powerful, and the belly is only moderately tucked up. The tail is long, reaching to the hock. It is set low and carried downwards with a gentle bend upwards toward the tip of the tail. In action, the tail is lifted but never so as to curl. Like the hair behind a Stabyhoun's front and rear quarters, the tail hair should be long, full, and bushy. However, the tail hair should not feather.

The shoulder is well laid against the chest, the blades laid back and angulated. The lower forequarters should be powerful and straight, likewise the forelegs. A Stabyhoun's pasterns should be strong. The hindquarters are powerful and well angulated with a low placed hock. The feet should be round and rather big, with toes that are well developed and arched. A Stabyhoun should have thick pads.

Health
A relatively healthy breed with no common health issues at present, the average life span of a Stabyhoun is 13-15 years. Diet, exercise, care, and environment are the factors that most impact the breed's health and lifespan.

Known congenital health conditions in the breed are patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), epilepsy, elbow dysplasia, hip dysplasia, and Type 1 Von Willebrands Disease (vWB). Other conditions recorded are radius curvus, hereditary cataracts, steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), and non-specific cancer. The heritability of these conditions is unknown, but with careful breeding, most of these problems have been eliminated. Epilepsy used to be more prevalent but is no longer as common.

Grooming
The Stabyhoun does not require special care apart from regular brushing to minimise tangling. The dogs moult (shed) twice a year, and thorough brushing helps the process of shedding. Without brushing, Stabyhoun hair can get tangled and matted in the manner of dreadlocks. The fine hair behind the ears is particularly prone to tangling and matting. Washing with harsh soaps and shampoos should be avoided whenever possible because they strip the coat of its natural oils and shine. The Stabyhoun coat will naturally rid itself of dirt and mud. After a swim, the dog is usually clean and dry in a matter of hours.

Breeding
Due to the limited size of the Stabyhoun population, careful breeding is essential. The Dutch Association for Stabyhouns and Wetterhouns (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Stabij- en Wetterhounen/NVSW), the Ameri-Can Stabyhoun Association, and the UK Stabyhoun Association have breed advisors who research and approve pairings. In an effort to control inbreeding, the association keeps breeding to a minimum and carefully considers prospective matches. Despite there being modest Stabij populations outside of the Netherlands, the breeding population is small, and the greatest genetic diversity remains in the Netherlands. Since Stabyhouns represent Dutch–in particular, Frisian–culture and heritage, breeders keep puppy and dog prices affordable; Stabyhoun breeders are commonly hobby breeders as a result.

Bitches may deliver no more than five litters in their lifetime. They may be bred only between the age of 18 months and nine years and be rested at least one year between litters. The average Stabyhoun litter size is seven. The hips of prospective mating pairs must be x-rayed (not below a FCI-C result), and the match between bitch and stud has to be approved by the Dutch Club's breeding committee. A stud must be 18 months of age or older to breed, and it must have with the same show and hip results as its female mate. Stud dogs are not to sire more than three litters a year or more than ten in their lifetime. Stud owners are expected to attend breeders' days so that the dogs may be evaluated and paired with potential mates.

title: Stabyhoun


text:
List of civil parishes in Hertfordshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Hertfordshire, England. There are 128 civil parishes.

title: List of civil parishes in Hertfordshire


text:
Funky Chicken

Funky Chicken may refer to:
 * "Do the Funky Chicken", a 1969 song by Rufus Thomas
 * The Chicken (dance), a 1960s-era American rhythm and blues dance
 * Chicken Dance, an oom-pah song

title: Funky Chicken


text:
Civil parishes in Lancashire

A civil parish is a subnational entity, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 219 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Lancashire; Blackpool is completely unparished; Pendle and Ribble Valley are entirely parished. At the 2001 census, there were 587,074 people living in the 219 parishes, accounting for 41.5 per cent of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

[[File:Lancashire parishes map.svg|thumb|center|600px| Civil parishes in Lancashire (in 2010)

Town parishes (in 2010)

Unparished area (in 2010)]]

title: Civil parishes in Lancashire


text:
Mac Cecht

In Irish mythology, Mac Cecht (Mac Ceacht, ) of the Tuatha Dé Danann was a son of Cermait, son of the Dagda. Mac Cecht's given name was Téthur and he was named Mac Cecht after his god, Cecht, the ploughshare. His wife was Fodla, one of the three eponymous sister-goddesses of Ireland.

Description
He and his brothers Mac Cuill and Mac Gréine killed Lug in revenge for their father. The three brothers became joint High Kings of Ireland, rotating the sovereignty between them a year at a time, covering twenty-nine or thirty years depending on the source consulted. They were the last kings of the Tuatha Dé Danann before the coming of the Milesians. Mac Cecht and his brothers treacherously slew Íth, prompting his nephew Míl Espáine and his sons to invade Ireland for revenge. During the battle against the Milesians, Mac Cecht was slain by Érimón

title: Mac Cecht


text:
Mac Gréine

In Irish mythology, Mac Gréine of the Tuatha Dé Danann was a son of Cermait, son of the Dagda. Mac Gréine's given name was Céthur. Mac Gréine is Irish for "Son of the Sun". His wife was Ériu.

Description
He and his brothers Mac Cuill and Mac Cecht killed Lug in revenge for their father. The three brothers became joint High Kings of Ireland, rotating the sovereignty between them a year at a time, covering twenty-nine or thirty years depending on the source consulted. They were the last kings of the Tuatha Dé Danann before the coming of the Milesians. Mac Gréine and his brothers treacherously slew Íth, prompting his nephew Míl Espáine and his sons to invade Ireland for revenge. During the battle against the Milesians, Mac Gréine was slain by Amergin Glúingel.

title: Mac Gréine


text:
Spiderweb (film)

Spiderweb (1976) is a British short film directed by National Film and Television School graduate Paul Miller. It is a fairly faithful adaptation of "Death and the Compass", a 1942 short story by Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986). The site of the action, an unnamed city in the original story, is given as "Borgesia" at the beginning of the film.

Spiderweb is available as an "Extra" on the DVD of Alex Cox's 1996 Death and the Compass, a later adaptation of the same short-story.

title: Spiderweb (film)


text:
List of civil parishes in Wiltshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Wiltshire, England. There are 275 civil parishes.

Swindon
Since 2017, the Borough of Swindon (formerly Swindon Municipal Borough and the surrounding Highworth Rural District) is fully parished. There are 20 parishes:

South Swindon parish was created with the official name of Central Swindon South, but the parish council used the name and branding "South Swindon" from its creation. In October 2023, Swindon Borough Council consented to formally change the name to South Swindon.

Wiltshire
The whole of the county is parished.

title: List of civil parishes in Wiltshire


text:
Mauricio de Sousa

Maurício Araújo de Sousa (born October 27, 1935) is a Brazilian cartoonist and businessman who has created over 200 characters for his popular series of children's comic books named "Turma da Mônica" or "Monica and Friends".

At 17 years of age, he worked for a daily newspaper called Folha da Manhã as a crime reporter. In 1959, Sousa quit that job and began his comic book career, and created Monica and Friends. Sousa's characters were inspired by children he knew from his childhood and by his own children. His later style is slightly reminiscent of that of Osamu Tezuka, a famous Japanese manga artist and personal friend. De Sousa's work has garnered recogniation both in his home country and abroad, which includes a number of international awards. In 2011, he was honored in the seventh edition of the Festival Internacional de Quadrinhos, at Belo Horizonte.

Early life
Maurício Araújo de Sousa was born in Santa Isabel on October 27, 1935. His father, Antonio Maurício de Sousa, was a poet and his mother, Petronilha Araújo de Sousa, also delved into poetry. Maurício developed an interest in cartooning at a young age, and began to draw posters and illustrations for periodicals.

Career
At 17 years of age, de Sousa worked for a daily newspaper called Folha da Manhã as a crime reporter. In 1959, Sousa quit that job and began his comic book career, and created Monica and Friends.

De Sousa' comics gained international fame, been featured on licensed merchandise, and have even been adapted for movies, television, video games, and even a São Paulo amusement park, the Parque da Mônica ("Monica's Park"). Two other Parque da Mônica facilities were also located in Curitiba and Rio de Janeiro, but they both closed in 2000 and 2005, respectively. From 1970 to 1986, Maurício's comic books had been published by Editora Abril, until Globo took over in January 1987. His work has been published in many magazines and newspapers since 1959. Since January 2007, the comic book series is published by Panini Comics.

In 1997, the cartoonist founded the Maurício de Sousa Cultural Institute, whose mandate is to develop social action campaigns that translate serious subjects into a comic book format to appeal to both young and adult readers.

De Sousa started publishing Turma da Mônica Jovem ("Monica Adventures") in 2008, an offshoot series from "Monica and Friends", featuring Monica and her friends now as teenagers, adopting black-and-white pages, as well as art style heavily influenced from manga. Issue No. 34 of the "Monica Teen" comic book, presenting the first real kiss between Monica and Jimmy Five (they had already kissed in two previous occasions, but in a different context) had 500,000 sales.

In 2012, De Sousa published a two-issue story arc in the Monica Teen comic book featuring some of Osamu Tezuka's main characters, such as Astro, Sapphire and Kimba, joining Monica and her friends in an adventure in the Amazon rainforest against a smuggling organization chopping down hundreds of trees in the jungles of the Amazon. This is the first time that Tezuka Productions has allowed overseas animators to use Tezuka's characters. Rock Holmes, another character created by Tezuka, has featured as a villain in the story arc.

Awards
De Sousa's public service work has earned him international recognition. Among the honors was awarded are the Brazilian presidential medal of honor for his promotion of human rights; an honorary doctorate in public service from La Roche College of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Brazilian International Press Association.

Personal life
De Sousa was married to Marilene Sousa for 12 years and together they had four children; Mariângela, Mônica, Magali and Maurício Spada. Later on, while being in a relationship with Vera Lúcia Signorelli, he had two daughters named Vanda and Valéria. His relationship with Vera lasted until her death by a car accident in 1971. Two years later he married Alice Keiko Takeda, and together they had three children; Marina, Mauro and Maurício Takeda de Sousa. Mauricio’s last child was Marcelo de Sousa, who happened to be a fruit of a relationship while he and Alice were already divorced.[citation needed]

Most of his children were the source of inspiration of the creation of characters such as Monica, Maggy, Marina, Mary Angela, Nimbus, and Nick Nope. One of his sons, Maurício Spada e Sousa, died of a heart attack on May 2, 2016.

Artistic work
Some of Mauricio's creations include:

 * Monica and Friends – Mauricio's long-running signature series. Originally based on his childhood in Mogi das Cruzes and later adapting his children to be protagonists of the comics.
 * Monica Adventures – Offshoot series from Monica and Friends, featuring Monica and her friends as teenagers in a manga-style publication. First published in 2008.
 * Blu – Anthropomorphized domestic animals (dogs, cats, etc.). Blu regularly exchanged dialogue with the "Tracer" of the comic.
 * Chuck Billy 'n' Folks – A farmer boy and his friends who live in a rural village in a city in the interior of Brazil. In 2013 it also had an offshoot series serving as an extension for Monica Teen.
 * Tina's Pals – A series about a group of teenage friends, aimed at the adolescent audience.
 * Bug-a-Booo – Comic horror stories featuring a ghost (the title character, called Penadinho in the original version), a vampire, a werewolf, a mummy, and a grim reaper (Dona Morte – Lady MacDeath in the English version), all of whom lived in a cemetery.
 * Lionel's Kingdom – Group of wild animals (both African and Brazilian) who lived under the reign of a lion king.
 * The Cavern Clan – Starring a smart and unmarried caveman named Pitheco and his friends from the Lem village, living with dinosaurs.
 * Horacio's World – An orphaned and ethical dinosaur; a tyrannosaurus who happened to be a vegetarian and also has his own gang, like most of Sousa's creations. First published in 1963.
 * The Tribe – a Native Brazilian child (Curumim in Tupi language) and his friends, who live in an Amazonian taba (village).
 * Bubbly the Astronaut – A Brazilian space adventurer who pilotes a round ship (called "Astronauta" in the original version). First published in 1963.
 * Nicodemon – A sarcastic and evil boy, one of few main characters in Mauricio's comics to have a negative personality. Debuted in 1966.
 * Pelézinho – A tribute to Pelé that centered around young Pelézinho ("Little Pelé") and his football playing friends. Published between 70s and 1986. Other similar versions inspired by other Brazilian soccer players like Ronaldinho Gaucho and Neymar Jr. have also been published by de Sousa in 2006 and 2013 respectively. Only Ronaldinho Gaucho was syndicated (by Atlantic Syndication) worldwide.

title: Mauricio de Sousa


text:
Civil parishes in West Yorkshire

A civil parish is a subnational entity, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 101 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of West Yorkshire, most of the county being unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 557,369 people living in the parishes, accounting for 26.8 per cent of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to poor law unions. The Public Health Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 79) grouped parishes into rural sanitary districts, based on the poor law unions; these subsequently formed the basis for rural districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into rural districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the urban district, municipal borough or county borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to poor law unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former urban districts and municipal boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

title: Civil parishes in West Yorkshire


text:
Civil parishes in Tyne and Wear

There are 10 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear, most of the county being unparished; North Tyneside and South Tyneside are completely unparished. It is the county of England with the lowest number of civil parishes. At the 2001 census, there were 41,044 people living in the 10 parishes, accounting for 3.8 per cent of the county's population. A civil parish is the lowest unit of local government in England.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

title: Civil parishes in Tyne and Wear


text:
Civil parishes in South Yorkshire

A civil parish is a country subdivision, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 94 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of South Yorkshire, most of the county being unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 360,191 people living in the parishes, increasing to 369,220 in 2011, accounting for 27.5 per cent of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

title: Civil parishes in South Yorkshire


text: User talk:221.134.47.116

title: User talk:221.134.47.116


text:
List of civil parishes in Staffordshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Staffordshire, England. There are 195 civil parishes.

There is no population data for some of the smallest parishes.

The districts of Tamworth and Stoke-on-Trent are fully unparished. Parts of Cannock Chase District and the boroughs of Newcastle under Lyme and Stafford are unparished. These correspond to two separate parts of the former Cannock Urban District, the former municipal boroughs of Stafford, Newcastle-under-Lyme and Tamworth as well as the former county borough of Stoke-on-Trent.

title: List of civil parishes in Staffordshire


text:
Kenny Washington

Kenny Washington may refer to:

 * Kenny Washington (American football) (1918–1971), American football player
 * Kenny Washington (basketball), American basketball player and coach
 * Kenny Washington (musician) (born 1958), American jazz musician
 * Kenneth Washington (born 1946), American actor

title: Kenny Washington


text:
List of civil parishes in Somerset

The ceremonial county of Somerset, England is divided into 417 areas known as civil parishes, which are lowest unit of local government in England. Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were given their current powers and responsibilities by the Local Government Act 1894. The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas. Many former urban districts and municipal boroughs were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The county of Somerset consists of a non-metropolitan county administered by Somerset County Council, divided into four districts and two unitary authorities. The districts of Somerset are South Somerset, Somerset West and Taunton, Mendip and Sedgemoor. The two administratively independent unitary authorities, which were established on 1 April 1996 following the break-up of the county of Avon, are North Somerset and Bath and North East Somerset. These unitary authorities include areas that were part of Somerset before the creation of Avon in 1974.

The city of Bath is the largest centre of population in Bath and North East Somerset. Areas of the city that were formerly within the Bath County Borough are now unparished, but the rest of the authority is divided into 49 parishes. All of North Somerset, the other unitary authority, is covered by its 39 parishes ranging from the village Loxton with a population of 192, to the town of Weston-super-Mare with 76,143 inhabitants.

In 2019 the former districts Taunton Deane and West Somerset (a largely rural area, with a population of 35,712) were merged to form the largest district, Somerset West and Taunton. South Somerset covers an area of 958 square kilometres (370 sq mi) from the borders with Devon and Dorset to the edge of the Somerset Levels. It has a population of about 156,100. The largest settlement in the district is Yeovil, with a population of 30,378. Sedgemoor has 54 parishes ranging in population from Greinton with 71 to Bridgwater with 33,698. The Mendip district covers a largely rural area of 738 square kilometres (285 sq mi), ranging from the Mendip Hills through on to the Somerset Levels. It has a population of about 108,300, living in 62 parishes, the largest of which, Frome has 24,510 residents; the smallest, Sharpham has a population of 71.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers. The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways. The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts. Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Parishes Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence. The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

Current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish. A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. There are currently 28 civil parishes in the county with the status of a town, and one (Wells) with city status. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

Bath and North East Somerset
The area of the city of Bath which was part of Bath County Borough is unparished.

Mendip
The whole of the district is parished.

North Somerset
The whole of the district is parished.

Sedgemoor
The whole of the district is parished.

South Somerset
The whole of the district is parished.

Somerset West and Taunton
The whole of the district is parished.

title: List of civil parishes in Somerset


text:
List of civil parishes in Warwickshire

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Warwickshire, England. There are 219 civil parishes.

title: List of civil parishes in Warwickshire


text:
List of civil parishes in Surrey

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Surrey, England. There are 87 civil parishes.

Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes.

The whole of the districts of Woking, Epsom and Ewell, Spelthorne and Runnymede are unparished. The whole of former districts of Walton and Weybridge Urban District, Guildford Municipal Borough, Leatherhead Urban District, Frimley and Camberley Urban District, Banstead Urban District and Reigate Municipal Borough are unparished. Parts of the former Esher Urban District and Dorking Urban District are unparished

title: List of civil parishes in Surrey


text:
User:Aix tom

Introduction
Well, another great online project to join.

I can be somewhat classified as a Geek from southern Germany who spents his time fiddling with unix, mostly AIX, and databases, mostly Oracle. (Hence the nic).

I'm also active on UserFriendly, and further useless information is available on my hompage ;-)

title: User:Aix tom


text:
Civil parishes in the West Midlands (county)

A civil parish is a subnational entity, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 21 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of West Midlands, most of the county being unparished; Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton are completely unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 89,621 people living in the parishes, accounting for 3.5 per cent of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to poor law unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into rural sanitary districts, based on the poor law unions; these subsequently formed the basis for rural districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into rural districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the urban district, municipal borough or county borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to poor law unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former urban districts and municipal boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.


text:
List of civil parishes in Rutland

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Rutland, England.

As of 2019 there are 57 parishes in the county, the whole county is parished. The most recent change to their number was in 2016, with the merger of Exton and Horn.

Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes.

title: List of civil parishes in Rutland


text:
List of civil parishes in West Sussex

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of West Sussex, England. There are 156 civil parishes. Population figures are unavailable for some of the smallest parishes.

The former Shoreham by Sea Urban District, Crawley Urban District, Worthing Municipal Borough and Southwick Urban District are unparished. Parts of the former Horsham Urban District are unparished.

title: List of civil parishes in West Sussex


text:
Civil parishes in Merseyside

A civil parish is a country subdivision, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 22 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Merseyside, most of the county being unparished; Liverpool and Wirral are completely unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 177,663 people living in the parishes, accounting for 13.0 per cent of the county's population.

History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish. The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions. The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries. Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.

The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution; and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown. The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.

title: Civil parishes in Merseyside


text:
Cermait

In Irish mythology, Cermait (modern spelling: Cearmaid), also anglicized as or Kermit, of the Tuatha Dé Danann was a son of the Dagda and brother of Aed and Aengus. He was killed by Lugh after he had an affair with Lugh's wife Buach. The Dagda cried tears of blood for his son, and later, while traveling with his son's body in the east revived Cermait with a healing staff. Cermait's three sons, Mac Cuill, Mac Cecht and Mac Gréine, avenged his death, and went on to become joint High Kings of Ireland. Another figure mentioned in the Dindsenchas, Conan Honey-mouth, is described as the son of the Dagda and may be the same figure as Cermait. Conan was killed with a spear by a son of Conall Cernach named Ferdoman (also known as Aed Rind).

Epithets
Cermait was known by the epithet Milbél (honey-mouth). Additional epithets associated with him include:
 * "of the battle squadrons"
 * "of form all fair"
 * "the mighty"

title: Cermait


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Talk:Belsen Was a Gas

This page was proposed for deletion January 2005. The discussion is archived at Votes for deletion/Belsen Was A Gas. Joyous 16:40, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)

In early track listings of 'Never Mind The Bollocks', I noticed 'Belsen' was included. To see for yourself, go to www.anorakyintheuk.co.uk. It is very hard to see, but look close and you'll find it. I was just wondering if it was recorded for 'Never Mind The Bollocks' and then dumped. P.S. - If anybody has the lost Belsen tape with Rotten on the vocals, please release to the public!!!! PLEASE!!!!! User: Anonymous 19:58, Feb 22, 2005

 * The currently available version of The Great Rock'n'Roll Swindle CD has the song on it, but its title is listed as "Einmal War Belson Bortrefflich". It definitely has Johnny Rotten on vocals. The next track on the CD is "Einmal War Belson Wirflich Bortrefflich" which is essentially a different recording the same song with someone else on vocals and a saxophone solo. It's clear to me that the song was meant to be sarcastic, because the Rotten version ends with the line "Be a man/Be someone/Kill someone/Kill yourself". Druff 07:17, 28 January 2006 (UTC)

If the page stays it should perhaps mention that there were in fact no gas chambers at Belsen, since it was not designed as an extermination camp. Presumably the Sex Pistols just didn't know that? Flapdragon 12:56, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

A POINT OF NOTE: the page mentions that a studio recording exists of BWAG and implies that it would be a Sex Pistols recording. I have no knowledge of such an event, further the "official truth" is that the last Sex Pistols studio recordings were in August of 1977, ie when they cut the last overdub tracks for NMTB. The known BWAG "session" was on 28th September 1978 -- in other words after SP had un-officially split up -- and was seemingly a multi track recording of a live Sid Vicious set. The details are sketchy and ambiguous, such as some mentions that the session was in 1977, but the track does exist on the "Sid Sings" (Virgin V2144) Town House Studios master tape, and it did (perhaps unfortunately) make it to the "Sid Sings" album. The tape reel even has "Belsen Was A Gas" written on it. The master tape is probably still with either producer John Varnom or manager John Tiberi; Virgin does not (strangely) have a copy of it. No-one has EVER heard of the Sex Pistols attempting to record this piece in the studio. - Anonymous User, 5 Apr 2006

Please verify the Belsen Was A Gas studio recording claim. I strongly suggest a removal from the article unless someone comes up with the goods, ie verifiable sources. There were no mentions at all of the track ever being recorded on the studio sheets for NMTB. - Anon 14:52, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

Well, the claim that John "Boogie" Tiberi recorded a demo of the track, since lost, is in Clinton Heylin's book on NMTB and in the Sex Box booklet. It might be incorrect anyway, of course. Juryen 16:59, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Keith Levene: Sid always used to have some catchphrase he found funny. He used to go on and on, "Hey Keith, you know Belsen was a gas." So I used to say to him, "What the fuck is that?" and he'd just say, "Yeah Keith, Belsen was a gas" So I said, "Belsen was a gas huh? Well, I'll show you Belsen was a fucking gas; THIS is how it goes man." and I banged out the riff to the tune, which later The Pistols covered. PIL also played it too. We were nihilists in a way, but we were never political in any conventional sense of that word. What we truly were was nihilists, destructive nihilists, but we weren't pessimistic. Fuck no. We were interested in the ruins, the destruction, but then we were interested in what we could build out of the rubble. What light could come out of the darkness?

John Lydon: (interview in Rock Report magazine, written in czech, my primitive translation back to english) How do you feel today about song Belsen was a gas? --- "It's an extreme, antirasist thing I am proud of. Nacism is brought ad absurdum in it."

--Vladimír Fuka 18:26, 16 September 2006 (UTC)

Reference Problem
It is it possible to change the reference when explaining what a "gas" is, The Beatles reference is completely out of place on an article about the Sex Pistols, let alone anything about punk. A less direct example would be more appros (i.e. that party was an absolute gas). 156.110.50.6 (talk) 15:20, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Fuck it I changed it myself. 68.97.34.183 (talk) 00:53, 21 February 2008 (UTC)

"Einmal Belsen war wirklich vortrefflich"
"Einmal Belsen war vortrefflich" / "Einmal Belsen war wirklich vortrefflich": Neither title is actually grammatically incorrect, but they would translate to "[Going through] Belsen once was (really) brilliant." So, maybe the intent was to say "Once, Belsen was (really) brilliant" which would've been "Belsen war einmal (wirklich) vortrefflich" in which case the grammatically corrct title just wouldn't have met the intent.--Sparklex (talk) 14:37, 24 October 2009 (UTC)

Solo Mobile
I removed the part about the Solo Mobile ad. That alleged "controversy" gets like 40 Google hits and the article it once linked to has been deleted long ago for lack of notability. --2.240.6.72 (talk) 09:58, 18 June 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Belsen Was a Gas


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File:Boogeyman poster.JPG

Promotional poster for Boogeyman.

Fair use in Boogeyman (film)
The image Boogeyman poster.jpg is being linked here; though the picture is originally copyright, I (Quentin X) feel it is covered by fair use because:

1. No free or public domain images have been located for this film. 2. The image is of lower resolution than the original poster (copies made from it will be of inferior quality). 3. The image does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the film in any way. 4. For an article about a film, the promotional artwork is arguably one of the most important images that could be included. This is the artwork intended for wide distribution. As such, it has future historical significance, and is a more appropriate choice than any other image available. 5. Its inclusion in the article is important because it suggests something of the film's style. 6. This image is used on various websites, so its use on Wikipedia does not make it significantly more accessible or visible than it already is. The poster is being used for informational purposes only, and its use is not believed to detract from the original film in any way.

title: File:Boogeyman poster.JPG


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Vertebrate zoology

Vertebrate zoology is the biological discipline that consists of the study of Vertebrate animals, i.e., animals with a backbone, such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Many natural history museums have departments named Vertebrate Zoology. In some cases whole museums bear this name, e.g. the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California, Berkeley.

Subdivisions
This subdivision of zoology has many further subdivisions, including:
 * Ichthyology - the study of fishes.
 * Mammalogy - the study of mammals.
 * Chiropterology - the study of bats.
 * Primatology - the study of primates.
 * Ornithology - the study of birds.
 * Herpetology - the study of reptiles.
 * Batrachology - the study of amphibians.

These divisions are sometimes further divided into more specific specialties.

title: Vertebrate zoology


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Boogeyman (film)

Boogeyman is a 2005 supernatural horror film directed by Stephen Kay and starring Barry Watson, Emily Deschanel, Skye McCole Bartusiak, Tory Mussett, Charles Mesure, and Lucy Lawless. Written by Eric Kripke, Juliet Snowden, and Stiles White, from a story by Kripke, the film is a new take on the classic "boogeyman", or monster in the closet, who is the eponymous antagonist of the film. The plot concerns a young man, Tim Jensen, who must confront the childhood terror that has affected his life.

The film was nearly-panned by critics, often citing a generic and unoriginal plot as the main criticism. Despite receiving negative reviews from critics, the film was a financial success, and was followed by two direct-to-video sequels, Boogeyman 2 (2007) and Boogeyman 3 (2008).

Plot
During his childhood, Tim Jensen witnesses his father being taken by the Boogeyman, an evil creature which lives in all closets worldwide. Since then, he has taken precautions to ensure that the Boogeyman cannot get to him, such as sleeping on a mattress on the floor, and removing all closets from his home, and keeping all his clothes in a dresser drawer.

After a Thanksgiving trip with his girlfriend Jessica to her parents' house, Tim has a premonition in which his mother tells him to return to the family home. Soon after, he receives a call from his uncle informing him that his mother has died. Upon returning to the psychiatric ward, where he grew up after his father died, he discovers that one of the patients, a young girl, is being terrorized by something hiding in the ceiling of her room.

Upon a suggestion by his psychiatrist that returning to his family home to spend the night in that house would be a good idea, Tim returns to his old Victorian style house in the open country, where he relives memories of his mother telling his father that the Boogeyman does not exist and therefore cannot possibly harm Tim. Tim is briefly attacked by the Boogeyman when he enters the downstairs closet.

Tim meets a young girl in his woodshed, named Franny, who wants to know if it's true that the Boogeyman murdered Tim's father. Searching the woodshed he discovers a file of Missing Person lists and documents left by Franny, and upon flicking through them, he discovers a disturbing collection of missing children who were all taken by the Boogeyman.

Tim panics and attempts to leave, but Jessica abruptly shows up and takes Tim out of the house for a night to a quiet motel, where she is murdered by the Boogeyman, dragging her into the bath.

Tim returns from getting ice and preparing drinks and enters the bathroom, where he finds that Jessica is missing. He realizes what has occurred, and stumbles blindly into a closet, and then walks out into his family home, just as Kate, his childhood friend, has returned to his home and, upon hearing noises from the closets, was about to open the door herself. Tim drags Kate back to the hotel, where they find the empty bath; this time with blood on the side. Kate begins thinking that Tim might've harmed Jessica; but Tim angrily denies it. Frustrated at Tim's refusal to tell her what is really wrong with him, Kate drives them back to her house where Tim spots something in the window. Kate claims that the person Tim saw was in fact her dead father. She then calls Tim's Uncle Mike to have him check on Tim. But he is captured and taken away by the Boogeyman.

Tim returns to his house and meets Franny once more, who leads him to a house full of proclamations describing the Boogeyman. There is a chair in the middle of the room facing a closet. Tim remembers this house as being the home of a doctor whom everyone thought was insane. Franny then reveals herself to be the doctor's daughter and one of the kids the Boogeyman took, telling Tim he'd best go to the place where it all started. The Boogeyman pulls Tim through various portals in time through the closet, eventually depositing him in his childhood room. Realizing its true weakness, Tim smashes various toys the Boogeyman uses to give itself form, eventually defeating it, vanishing into the void.

With the Boogeyman gone, Tim hopes that his and Kate's lives will be safer. Morning dawns and Tim already feels better, thinking he's finally safe. However, a post-credits scene reveals a young girl being tormented by the monster, revealing that the Boogeyman has resurfaced out of the closet.

Cast

 * Barry Watson as Tim "Timothy" Jensen
 * Aaron Murphy as Young Tim Jensen
 * Emily Deschanel as Kate Houghton
 * Skye McCole Bartusiak as Franny Roberts
 * Tory Mussett as Jessica
 * Andrew Glover as Boogeyman
 * Charles Mesure as Mr. Jensen
 * Lucy Lawless as Mary Jensen
 * Phil Gordon as Uncle Mike
 * Jennifer Rucker as Pam "Pamela"
 * Scott Wills as Co-Worker
 * Michael Saccente as Jessica's Father
 * Louise Wallace as Jessica's Mother
 * Brenda Simmons as Jessica's Grandmother
 * Josie Tweed as Jessica's Sister
 * Ian Campbell as Mr. Roberts
 * Robyn Malcolm as Dr. Matheson
 * Olivia Tennet as Terrified Girl
 * Edward Campbell as Priest
 * Andrew Eggleton as Jessica's Brother-in-law

Release
Boogeyman was released on February 4, 2005, by Screen Gems.

Home media
The film was released on VHS and DVD by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on May 31, 2005, with the DVD release being both on UMD and Special Edition. Universal Pictures released the film on DVD later that same year. It was later released by Sony Pictures in 2006 and 2010, both times as a double feature, with the first release pairing it with When a Stranger Calls and the second with The Fog. Boogeyman debuted on Blu-ray on August 21, 2012, where it was released by Ais.

Box office
In its opening weekend, the film ranked at #1, grossing $19,020,655 and nearly equaling its production budget. The film grossed $46,752,382 domestically and $20,440,477 internationally, for a worldwide total of $67,192,859.

Critical reception
Boogeyman received largely negative reviews from film critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 13% of 87 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 3.4/10. The site's consensus states: "The plot is been-there done-that generic, and none of the shock effects can do anything to build up suspense". Metacritic gave the film a 32 out of 100 rating, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".

Anita Gates from The New York Times gave the film a negative review, writing, "The filmmakers are smart enough to keep the monster out of sight for a long time and then to show only glimpses, but a similar tactic of providing only glimpses of plot and character is disastrous. Moviegoers never learn who or what the boogeyman is, what his particular beef with Tim is, what his powers are and what has stirred up his wrath after all these years," summarizing, "The house is very creaky, but then so is the movie." Marc Savlov from The Austin Chronicle awarded the film one out of five stars, panning the film's pacing, under-lit sets, computer generated effects, and overuse of horror clichés. Frank Wilkins from Reel Talk gave the film a negative review, stating, "Although Boogeyman starts out with a stylishly depicted premise that promises a nightmarish ride into terror, after about twenty minutes the movie falls flat with its cheap terror tactics, its abysmal dialogue and its shamelessly tawdry script." Tom Meek from the Boston Phoenix gave the film one and a half out of four stars, saying, "Director Stephen T. Kay knows how to get under your skin, and Watson nails the internal-turmoil bit, but it's still just a one-trick pony that comes up lame long before the insipid climax." Jeremy Wheeler from AllMovie complimented Barry Watson and Emily Deschanel's performances, and promising start, but criticized the design of the film's title monster, and the finale, which he called "ridiculous" and "downright embarrassing". Film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film a mixed two out of four stars, writing, "Despite its predictable blueprint there are a couple of pretty decent scares to be had here... [though] you might consider chapter-skipping on your DVD to get to the good stuff."

title: Boogeyman (film)


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Lenny Skutnik

Martin Leonard Skutnik III (born 1953 in Mississippi, known as Lenny) is a retired employee of the United States Congressional Budget Office who, on January 13, 1982, saved the life of Priscilla Tirado following the crash of Air Florida Flight 90 into the frozen Potomac River, Washington, D.C. As passengers were being rescued, Tirado was too weak to take hold of the line dropped from a helicopter. Skutnik—one of hundreds of bystanders—dove into the icy water and brought her to the river bank.

U.S. President Ronald Reagan invited Skutnik to attend the 1982 State of the Union address on January 26, 1982, where he sat next to First Lady Nancy Reagan; Reagan praised Skutnik as manifesting "the spirit of American heroism at its finest". Since then, others invited to sit in the Presidential gallery and honored in the president's speech have often been called Lenny Skutniks.

Skutnik received the United States Coast Guard's Gold Lifesaving Medal, the Carnegie Hero Fund Medal, and various other tributes. In 2010 he retired from his position as a printing and distribution assistant for the Congressional Budget Office.

title: Lenny Skutnik


text:
Boomeritis

Boomeritis: A Novel That Will Set You Free is a polemical 2002 novel by American philosopher Ken Wilber, principally designed to explain Wilber's integral theory and to explain his concept of "Boomeritis". Wilber characterizes this as the deadly combination of a modern egalitarian worldview with a deep unquestioned narcissism commonly held by Baby Boomers and their children in the green meme of Spiral Dynamics, as opposed to Wilber's universal integralism.

Summary
The protagonist, "Ken Wilber", is a brilliant MIT student studying artificial intelligence. Ken believes that the future of evolution includes the departure of human consciousness from the physical realm, or "meatspace", and the transhuman merging of human intelligence with cyberspace.

Ken attends a series of lectures at an institution called the Integral Center (an obvious stand-in for the real life Integral Institute) which guides him towards a more expansive understanding of evolution and existence. These lectures are interposed with explicit descriptions of Ken's sexual fantasies with another character, Chloe.

Concept
According to Wilber, "Boomeritis" describes a pathological belief system that afflicts Baby Boomers in particular. Boomeritis, in his view, is characterized by relativism, narcissism, and aversion to hierarchy. He believes that this attitude carried over to the so-called Generation X.

Wilber claims that he intended the novel to exhibit the traits of extreme post-modernism — irony, self-reference, noetic flatness — and thus to function as a literary reductio ad absurdum, assisting people, especially Baby Boomers, in overcoming the post-modern mentality.

Published reviews

 * "Boomeritis & Me: Not Just a Book Review" by Elizabeth Debold, What Is Enlightenment? Issue 22 (Fall-Winter 2002)
 * "Philosophy, yes, but as a novel, no" by James Lough, The Denver Post, September 22, 2002
 * "Boomeritis" by Don Lattin, The San Francisco Chronicle, June 16, 2002

title: Boomeritis


text:
User talk:6079SmithWns

Welcome!
Hi 6079SmithWns, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 16:44, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:6079SmithWns


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Cabo Verde Airlines

Cabo Verde Airlines is an international airline based in Cape Verde. It connects three continents with non-stop flights from their hub at Amílcar Cabral International Airport on Sal Island.

History
Cabo Verde Airlines was established in 1958. In July 1975, following the independence of Cape Verde, the airline was designated as the national carrier and became a state-owned company in 1983. The airline was named TACV (acronym for Transportes Aereos de Cabo Verde), and its logo included a blue wing with seven lines that represented the number of domestic inter-island flights offered by the airline. Until 1984, it served 8 of the 9 inhabited islands. Unacceptable safety standards at some of the country's other airports, namely Esperadinha Airport and Agostinho Neto Airport, led to the cancellation of flights to those islands. Subsequently, Brava's airport closed in 2003 and Santo Antão's closed in 2007. European flights began in 1985, with Lisbon as the first European destination. Also that year, the airline began services to Boston, Massachusetts using a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 provided by LAM Mozambique Airlines.

In 1996, Cabo Verde Airlines received its first Boeing 757-200, brand new from the Boeing factory, considered as “the pride and joy of Cape Verde Airlines", baptized with the name B.Leza. With B.Leza (registration D4-CBG), the airline began flying to Europe with its own aircraft and crew. Cabo Verde Airlines was the country's only airline until 1998 when Cabo Verde Express began operations. All of its international flights were at Sal until 2004. For several years, the two 757s served all of Cabo Verde Airlines' international routes.

In June 2015, the airline opened two new routes to Recife and Providence, Rhode Island, the latter replaced Boston's Logan International Airport, also its flight with Bissau resumed and served as a biweekly flight via Dakar, operated by the ATR 72.

In August 2017, the Cape Verdean government signed an agreement with Loftleidir Icelandic, part of the Icelandair Group, which turned the administration of Cabo Verde Airlines to the Icelandic group. The new administration discontinued the hub at Praia International Airport and moved the airline's hub to Amílcar Cabral International Airport. The new hub serving the Americas, Europe and Africa.

On November 5, 2017, Icelandair transferred the first Boeing 757-200 to the airline which was used to reinforce existing routes and to operate daily flights to Lisbon and flights to Fortaleza and Recife.

In May 2018, the airline announced it would rebrand as Cabo Verde Airlines in order to strengthen the connection of the national air carrier with its country. Cabo Verde Airlines has increased the country's connectivity with the world, with new routes to Salvador de Bahia, Milan, Paris, Lisbon, and Rome. The carrier also increased routes to Recife and Fortaleza with two leased 757-200s.

On March 1, 2019, Loftleidir paid 1.3 million euros (or 51% of shares) for the heavily indebted Cabo Verde Airlines, which resulted in it becoming the majority owner of the company. Soon after, Loftleidir nominated a new CEO for Cabo Verde Airlines. In June 2021, it was announced that Cabo Verde Airlines would get a new board of directors soon and start the restructuring and resizing phase of the company as well.

Current
, the Cabo Verde Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft:

Retired
As TACV, the airline operated the following aircraft:

Accidents and incidents

 * TACV Flight 5002 took off from São Pedro at 11:42 on 7 August 1999 for the short flight to Agostinho Neto. Thirteen minutes after takeoff, rain and fog covered Santo Antão and placed the arrival airport below VFR minimums. The pilots made the decision to return to São Vicente at 11:56. The aircraft overflew the island of Santo Antão at 12:02, but crashed into the wooded mountainside at an altitude of 1,370 metres (4,490 ft). The aircraft burst into flames, killing all 18 passengers and crew on board.

title: Cabo Verde Airlines