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Washington State Route 509

State Route 509 (SR 509) is a 35.17 mi state highway in the U.S. state of Washington, connecting Tacoma in Pierce County to Seattle in King County. The highway travels north from Interstate 705 (I-705) in Tacoma to SR 99 south of downtown Seattle. It serves cities along the Puget Sound and west of Seattle–Tacoma International Airport in south King County, including Federal Way, Des Moines, and Burien. SR 509 is part of the National Highway System and is a limited-access highway near the Port of Tacoma and from Burien to its northern terminus in Seattle.

Prior to the 1964 highway renumbering, the highway was part of Secondary State Highway 1V (SSH 1V) from Tacoma to Des Moines and SSH 1K from Des Moines to Seattle. SR 509 was re-aligned onto the Burien Freeway in 1968 and the Port of Tacoma bypass in 1997, coinciding with the opening of its interchange with I-705 and the cable-stayed 21st Street Bridge. A freeway extension of SR 509 within the city of SeaTac, connecting the Burien Freeway to I-5, is planned to be completed by 2028.

Route description

SR 509 begins as South 21st Street at a single-point urban interchange with I-705 in downtown Tacoma in Pierce County, providing access to the Tacoma campus of the University of Washington and the Tacoma Link light rail line on Pacific Avenue. The highway travels east over the Thea Foss Waterway on the cable-stayed 21st Street Bridge into the Port of Tacoma as a four-lane limited-access highway, intersecting Portland Avenue in a half-diamond interchange before crossing the Puyallup River. SR 509 continues east, parallel to a City of Tacoma rail line through a partial cloverleaf interchange with Port of Tacoma Road before the divided highway ends at Taylor Way. The highway turns northwest along the Hylebos Waterway as Marine View Drive through the neighborhood of Northeast Tacoma towards Browns Point. SR 509 passes through Dash Point and its state park along the Puget Sound into King County and the city of Federal Way. The highway travels east as Dash Point Road through Federal Way past Decatur and Federal Way high schools before a junction with SR 99 west of I-5. The concurrent SR 99 and SR 509 travel north as the Pacific Highway past Highline Community College to an intersection with SR 516 in western Kent. SR 509 turns west to form a concurrency with SR 516, heading past Mount Rainier High School and into Des Moines, where SR 516 ends.

SR 509 continues north onto Marine View Drive through the city of Normandy Park and into SeaTac. The highway turns southeast onto Ambaum Boulevard and Des Moines Memorial Drive to a trumpet interchange, the southern terminus of a limited-access freeway section of SR 509. The four-lane freeway travels west of Seattle–Tacoma International Airport through a closed half-diamond interchange with South 176th Street and a partial cloverleaf interchange with South 160th Street before entering the city of Burien. SR 509 passes Highline High School before reaching a partial cloverleaf interchange with Southwest 148th Street and the western terminus of SR 518. The freeway continues north into the West Seattle neighborhood of Seattle and intersects South 128th Street in a diamond interchange and South 112th Street in a half-diamond interchange. SR 509 enters the Industrial District of Seattle and heads through an interchange with Cloverdale Street and Myers Way before ending at a partial cloverleaf interchange with SR 99 south of the First Avenue South Bridge over the Duwamish Waterway. The roadway continues north as the SR 99 divided highway toward downtown Seattle and the State Route 99 tunnel.

Every year, the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume. This is expressed in terms of annual average daily traffic (AADT), which is a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year. In 2011, WSDOT calculated that the busiest section of SR 509 was the limited-access highway between Burien and its northern terminus in Seattle, serving 54,000 vehicles, while the least busiest section was within Dash Point and Dash Point State Park, serving 2,600 vehicles. SR 509 between SeaTac and Seattle is designated as part of the National Highway System, which includes roadways important to the national economy, defense, and mobility. The highway from Tacoma to Federal Way and from SeaTac to Seattle are designated as part of WSDOT's Highways of Statewide Significance, which includes highways that connect major communities in the state of Washington.

History

The present route of SR 509 from Des Moines to Seattle roughly follows a wagon road constructed in the late 1890s by King County along the Puget Sound. The highway between Federal Way and Kent was codified in 1923 as part of State Road 1 and in 1937 as Primary State Highway 1 (PSH 1). During the creation of the primary and secondary state highways in 1937, the highway between Tacoma and Federal Way was designated as SSH 1V and the highway between Des Moines and Seattle was designated as SSH 1K. SSH 1V traveled 19.54 mi north from PSH 1 in Tacoma through the Port of Tacoma on the 11th Street Bridge and the Blair Bridge, opened in 1913 and 1953 respectively, to Federal Way, ending at an intersection with SSH 1K. SSH 1K traveled 12.76 mi south from PSH 1 at the First Avenue South Bridge in Seattle through Burien and east through Des Moines to PSH 1 in Midway. The two highways were combined during the 1964 highway renumbering to become SR 509 and was codified into law in 1970.

The Des Moines–Burien Freeway was approved by the Washington State Highway Commission in 1966, as part of a longer freeway corridor connecting the ports of Tacoma and Seattle. An earlier proposal from 1967 to connect the north end of SR 509 to I-5 via an expressway on Michigan Street and a new crossing of the Duwamish River was studied but was never built. SR 509 was realigned onto the newly constructed Burien Freeway in November 1968, extending from Seattle to SeaTac. The highway was originally routed through Saltwater State Park on Marine View Drive until 1991, when SR 509 was moved to two concurrencies with SR 99 in Federal Way and SR 516 in Des Moines.

The freeway was planned to be extended south to SR 516 in the 1970s after a 4 mi right-of-way was acquired by WSDOT before the project was canceled due to public opposition. The King County Department of Public Works recommended extending SR 509 southeast from South 188th Street to I-5 in 1988, with construction planned to begin in 1999 at an estimated cost of $252 million in 1996, raised to $1.4 billion a decade later. A freeway bypass of the Port of Tacoma for SR 509 was proposed in 1990 as a supplement to the newly completed I-705 and funded with a $180 million grant from the Federal Highway Administration approved the following year. Construction began in early 1994 amid controversy over the freeway's effects on the redevelopment of the Thea Foss Waterway. The first section of the new freeway opened in August 1995, while the cable-stayed bridge over the Thea Foss Waterway and single-point urban interchange with I-705 opened on January 22, 1997. The project cost a total of $165.3 million to construct, with the majority of funds from the federal government and a land claims settlement with the Puyallup Tribe. The Blair Bridge was closed and demolished to make way for a wider channel on the Blair Waterway for larger container ships.

As part of the Puget Sound Gateway Program approved in 2015, WSDOT plans to build a freeway extension of SR 509 around the south side of Seattle–Tacoma International Airport and a spur freeway near the Port of Tacoma. The projects, together with an extension of State Route 167, are anticipated to cost $2 billion and were originally proposed in the mid-20th century. Land acquisition was completed between 1969 and 1980 for a similar extension through Des Moines, but local opposition prevent its construction. The 3 mi extension near SeaTac and a new interchange with I-5 began construction in November 2021 and is scheduled to be completed by 2028 in three stages. The first major stage, construction of the I-5 interchange and SR 99 overpass, is scheduled to be completed in 2025. The Port of Tacoma project would also open in 2028, constructing a new diverging diamond interchange with I-5 near Fife for the extended SR 167 and a short freeway designated as SR 509 Spur. The SR 509 expansion was initially planned in the early 1990s and had funding approved by the legislature in 1998, but it was cancelled by later ballot measures.

title: Washington State Route 509


text:
Talk:Underdog

Untitled
Could do with some mention of the psychology of favoring the underdog. 80N 10:05, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Do you mean with respect to betting? Ground 04:12, 16 Mar 2005 (UTC)

The origin of the word
The article is missing the origin of the word and other historical details such as usage and alternative spelling. One reference states it is from 1887. Also I sometimes see it split in two words under dog, as in Agatha Cristie's story from 1926.

I have no idea how some of the totally inaccurate and off-base information gets posted on Wikipedia or how and why it is then accepted as fact, but the listed origin of the word "underdog" as a guy who gets covered in saw dust to explain why the word is used as a descriptive for a person, team, group, etc. not expected to win a contest is a good case-in-point example. While it may in fact be the origin of the word itself; it is not the origin of it's common usage.

The actual origin of the now common usage of the word "underdog" is based on the legendary race horse Man o' War. (March 29, 1917 Nursery Stud farm, Lexington, Kentucky - November 1, 1947, Faraway Farm. Man o' War is still considered by many, if not most, experts to be the greatest thoroughbred racehorse of all time. During his career just after World War I, he won 20 of 21 races and set I believe three World Records.)

The only blemish on his near-perfect career on the track was a single loss that came as a complete surprise. The name of the horse who shocked onlookers when he inexplicably handed Man o' War his only career loss? You probably already figured it out. "Underdog".

Doesn't that make a little more sense than the sawdust origin? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jess symgai (talk • contribs) 06:27, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

It would make more sense only if it were correct, which it isn't. According to Wikipedia's own page on Man o' War the name of the horse he lost to was Upset. The incorrect portion of Man o' War's entry should be removed. 97.84.191.2 (talk) 00:11, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

Stretches
This article needs to cut down on the sports under dogs because some of them are ridiculous stretches especially the Astros

right, there is way too much recent underdogs...as if people add them because they saw it on TV or it concerns their favorite team. I also suggets the addition Goran Ivanišević's 2001 wimbledon victory as a wildcard.ErnestC 18:36, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

The sporting examples should be limited to 1. exceptionally famous ones and 2. ones which had an impact outside of their immediate sphere: e.g. in Cricket the defeat of England by Australia which led to the Ashes; in football (soccer) the defeat of England by Norway which gave rise to the famous commentator's monologue. I daresay every country/culture has prominent examples like these? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.150.159.243 (talk) 22:23, 18 June 2011 (UTC)

Famous underdogs missing
The turtle [hare]; David [Goliath]; Rocky [Apollo Creed] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.78.177.62 (talk) 14:24, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

Luxemburg football team away victory over Switzerland 2-1 in 2008 on the WC Qualifiyn is also a huge underdog...189.2.127.11 (talk) 19:27, 21 January 2009 (UTC)Rodrigo Saggin

List of underdogs
The list of underdogs is not particularly helpful. It could be millions of entries long in theory, so what is the criteria for the inclusion of these particular episodes? Maybe one entry in one or two different fields could be informative as examples (and these can be worked into the text), but really it just seems like an invitation for people to add their favorite upsets (for example, look at how many sports upsets since 2000 there are). I say remove it altogether. Any other opinions? Strikehold (talk) 02:18, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

I made some serious cuts in the sports section. There are some there that remain questionable. Feel free to remove them if you see fit. DragonFury (talk) 23:03, 12 June 2009 (UTC)

Notable Underdogs In Films? And Wiley College Debate Team
I know there are lots of sports films with underdogs, but I think that it's important to add a section about film underdogs because of there popularity in films. Could or (should) someone create a section of film underdogs. That is if people think its relevant.

If you think its necessary someone else more experienced could make a separate list on film underdogs instead of adding on to this page, that is if you think it might bulk up this page to much and needs to be separated.

First discuss if its relevant.

Suggestions include: Rocky Balboa (Rocky Series) Average Joe's Gym (Dodge ball)

Also In examples I Think you should add the Wiley College debate team. They were a African American debate team that challenged Harvard (a white team) it was the first time a Black/White debate occurred —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bvernon199 (talk • contribs) 19:09, 13 June 2009 (UTC)

Sympathy for the underdog
This whole section is just ridiculous. It's trying to make some vague geopolitical point and is barely, if at all, relevant to the concept of underdogs. I think there probably should be a section detailing the general public support for underdogs, especially in sporting events, but the current section reads as though it was written by a stoned 14 year old who thought they were making some sort of deep and meaningful point and needs changing asap.

American Revolution
Considering the colonists were aided militarily by France, Spain and the Dutch, I don't really think this qualifies as an underdog moment. Britain defeating all four of them would have been the upset. I also think it's dubious to call the Battle of Britain an underdog victory; regardless of being outnumbered, the RAF was fighting on home soil, had better doctrine and also Britain also out-produced Germany in terms of aircraft. The RAF were hardly underdogs --Allthestrongbowintheworld (talk) 16:52, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Underdog moved to Underdog (disambiguation). No consensus that Underdog (competition) is the primary topic.  Mini  apolis  21:17, 20 May 2013 (UTC)

– Clear primary topic; I feel most people searching for "underdog" mean the general meaning of "underdog", that is, the one that is not favored. Red Slash 22:35, 30 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Underdog (competition) → Underdog
 * Underdog → Underdog (disambiguation)
 * Support - none of the other uses on the dab page stands out as clearly as the original use of the term. Green Giant (talk) 23:18, 30 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Support, per nom. In ictu oculi (talk) 00:55, 1 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose Usage numbers don't support Underdog (competition) as the clear primary topic for the term. The (competition) article has about 6500-7500 page visits per month, but both Underdog (TV series) and Underdog (film) get significantly more--in the neighborhood of 12-15,000 visits per month each. Best to leave the dab page where it is and let users pick their destination.-- Shelf Skewed  Talk  04:03, 1 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I checked all page views and concur with the above. Apteva (talk) 01:41, 2 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose; pageview stats are mildly surprising, but persuasive. Powers T 23:24, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Support. Primary topic IMO. Unreal7 (talk) 19:53, 6 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Unsure. These names are stable since 12 July 2006 . But the disambiguator competition is anything but recognizable, I was expecting the article to refer to some particular event with the name Underdog. Is the a better disambiguator, perhaps? Andrewa (talk) 15:46, 8 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Comment. (competitor)? -- Shelf Skewed  Talk  16:08, 8 May 2013 (UTC)
 * How about Underdog (term)? That would make it clear that it's not about a competition called Underdog, and the disambiguator is already used in many terminology articles such as Backpacker (term), Power broker (term) and Overkill (term). Jafeluv (talk) 08:23, 10 May 2013 (UTC)
 * That sounds like a good compromise. Green Giant (talk) 17:57, 10 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Works for me.-- Shelf Skewed  Talk  19:46, 10 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Support Having a common term at a dab is only a good idea when we really don't know where readers intend to go. It's reasonable to suppose that someone searching for "Underdog" is looking for the term itself. --BDD (talk) 17:18, 11 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Support Underdog (term) as the current doesn't make it look like an article about a term. --SmokeyJoe (talk) 10:25, 12 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I second Underdog (term). Googling suggests that both the movie and the cartoon are more likely desired topics than a dictionary definition. Kauffner (talk) 13:39, 15 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose – this term is too ambiguous to support a primary topic. Many works are titled Underdog.  Either leave it where it is or go with the term idea.  Dicklyon (talk) 03:59, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move to Underdog (term)

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Move. Cúchullain t/ c 19:49, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

Underdog (competition) → Underdog (term) – Clearer disambiguator, as proposed in the above discussion. Jafeluv (talk) 21:37, 20 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Oppose – I'm not convinced that this is an improvement. What is the precedent for "(term)" as a disambiguator?  Is the article really about the term, or is it about what the term refers to (I think more the latter).  Dicklyon (talk) 00:21, 21 May 2013 (UTC)
 * This article is in a terminology category, but it's a good question what the scope of the article should be. With the current content the most descriptive name could be something like List of victories by underdogs. I'm sure we've used stranger titles for list articles before :) Jafeluv (talk) 09:38, 21 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Comment - Despite that the disambiguator "term" is already used in some terminology articles such as Backpacker (term), Power broker (term) and Overkill (term) to me the use of "term" as dab kind of goes against WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Is Backpacker (term) (groan, I just had a look at it) really about the term? or is it about Backpackers? The real problem here with Underdog stems from the fact that we have a basic self-defining term, underdog (like "Apple") and have then collected a load of non-encyclopedic junk and trivia "Subject (song)" "Subject (film)" "Subject (another song)" "Subject (band)" "Subject (album)" which overloads the "Subject (disambiguation)" page and which people search for and then by page views the actual subject is no longer the subject. It's bonkers. "Underdog" doesn't need a dab, because there's only one meaning of Underdog, = Underdog. The fact that we've just had a no-consensus RM suggests that WP:DAB and WP:AT are either (a) not looked at (b) unclear or (c) wrong, but I have no idea which. In ictu oculi (talk) 01:32, 21 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I fixed Backpacker (term) but now regret it. Should have just moved it to Backpacker Hip-Hop. In ictu oculi (talk) 01:51, 21 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Support. All uses derive from a dictionary definition.  Whether dictionary terms generalised make good articles is a good question, but a different question.  (I think that this is a pretty weak article, but weak articles standing should be appropriately titled)   The "(term)" disambiguator clearly and appropriately marks the topic as one deriving from a term, and yes, one that is defined in a dictionary.  I don't support deletion of this page because I think it will in time be reworked to something better, such as Underdog effect.  I support Underdog remaining a disambiguation page because Underdog prevents any other topic from being the WP:Primary topic for the term.  --SmokeyJoe (talk) 02:10, 21 May 2013 (UTC)
 * On review, still support. --SmokeyJoe (talk) 05:08, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

 * Support "(term)" is a common Wiki disambiguator for definition articles. Is there any other article with the disambiguator "(competition)"? Kauffner (talk) 19:42, 22 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per Jafeluv's reasoning in previous RM. Green Giant (talk) 00:20, 23 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per discussion in previous RM. -- Shelf Skewed  Talk  05:16, 6 June 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Underdog (disambiguation) moved back
Jafeluv alerted me to WP:DABNAME (which recommends the ambiguous title if there's no primary topic), so I moved the page back to Underdog pending the outcome of the next RM.  Mini  apolis  23:57, 20 May 2013 (UTC)

Attention needed
The whole article needs attention: the examples are subjective and unrepresentative, and it is not clear what is the purpose of the article.Tffff (talk)

Infracaninophile
Infracaninophile redirects here, which makes sense - but then the article should help the (non-latinate) reader make sense of this.--Nø (talk) 13:21, 8 November 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 19 December 2017

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: MOVED Both sides argued mostly on policy - one side mostly argued on what the reader is looking for, and the other mostly on long-term significance, both of which are major aspects of WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. A supermajority of people put policy based rationales in support the move. Galobtter (pingó mió) 13:54, 31 December 2017 (UTC)

– This page is the obvious WP:PRIMARYTOPIC for the term "Underdog". Almost every other work titled "Underdog" is based off the term. Pageviews aside, common sense would dictate that it would get the main namespace. ZXCVBNM (TALK) 07:17, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Underdog (term) → Underdog
 * Underdog → Underdog (disambiguation)
 * Support well caught. In ictu oculi (talk) 09:19, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Any policy-based rationale? —  AjaxSmack 21:37, 21 December 2017 (UTC)
 * WP:TITLE, the concept of an underdog is the clear primary topic in print sources. In ictu oculi (talk) 16:46, 29 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Of course it is more common as a word. That doesn't translate to encyclopedic interest, though.  Cf. "nice". —  AjaxSmack  20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose per WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. There are way too many popular entries on the dab page here for a primary topic. Looking only at articles called "Underdog" (i.e., not even counting the plural uses), the term comes in third, after the tv series and related film, with |Underdog_(film)|Underdog_(Audio_Adrenaline_album)|Underdog_(term)|Underdog_(Banks_song)|Underdog_(Kasabian_song)|Underdog_(advertising_character)|Underdog_(Atlanta_Rhythm_Section_album)|Underdog_(You_Me_at_Six_song)|Underdog_(Ida_song) less than 20% of the pageviews. No need to misdirect viewers here - the status quo is working as it should. Dohn joe (talk) 16:50, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Support. All other meanings are derivations of the term. bd2412  T 16:59, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * User:BD2412: That's really not part of the PT criteria, though, right? Boston is named after Boston, Lincolnshire. Tons of derived terms are primarytopics on WP or point to dab pages, correct? Dohn joe (talk) 17:04, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * There are fundamental differences here. First, the concept of the underdog is more important in terms of cultural importance. There will be such a concept long after the films and albums named for it have become obscure. Second, while Boston is named after Boston, Lincolnshire, many other meanings of "Boston" are named after Boston, and would be named after that city even if the city had a different name, or if it were not named after Boston, Lincolnshire. If the original settlers of Massachusetts had decided to name the city "Flopton", today we would have the "Flopton Celtics", "Flopton College", the band, "Flopton", etc. This is not so for any meaning of "Underdog". They all refer to the concept of the underdog. bd2412  T 17:12, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * This is straight from the guideline, (with my example following): "Being the original source of the name does not make a topic primary." That's pretty fundamental WP naming guidance. And again, we see it all over the encyclopedia, right? Why make an exception here? Dohn joe (talk) 17:56, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Did you check WP:DABCONCEPT? This qualifies as a broad-concept article for purposes of the primary topic.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 19:08, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * I don't think it does, actually. Dabconcept pages are for articles that address the same type of thing. Things that are not related to that thing do not belong in a dabconcept article. The example there is Particle, which is a dabconcept article discussing the scope of what it means to be a "particle" itself. As the guideline says, "Truly unrelated meanings, such as Particle (band), are only presented at Particle (disambiguation)." A band is not a particle - it is a band - so Particle (band) does not belong on the dabconcept page. Same here: a tv show, a film, and the various bands and albums listed are not underdogs themselves - they are tv shows, films, etc. They do not belong on the Underdog (term) page - which is why they are not in that article. Which is also why the normal primarytopic rules still apply here. Dohn joe (talk) 20:36, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Something doesn't have to literally be an underdog to be based on a broad concept. For example, the superhero Underdog isn't actually an underdog, but the name is clearly a pun based on the term. The vast majority of the titles are puns that were clearly inspired by the term that existed beforehand.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 03:57, 20 December 2017 (UTC)
 * True, but evidently |Underdog_(film)|Underdog_(Audio_Adrenaline_album)|Underdog_(term)|Underdog_(Banks_song)|Underdog_(Kasabian_song)|Underdog_(advertising_character)|Underdog_(Atlanta_Rhythm_Section_album)|Underdog_(You_Me_at_Six_song)|Underdog_(Ida_song) not many people actually want to read about that term. Why should we inconvenience them with extra navigation? —  AjaxSmack  21:41, 21 December 2017 (UTC)
 * The views have the potential to go up significantly once the page is in the main namespace. That doesn't prove anything.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:48, 22 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Of course they will go up because people will have to go through that page (i.e. the wrong one) to get where they want to go. —  AjaxSmack 20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Support moves. The term itself, being an English word, is likely the primary topic. I doubt anyone would search for "Underdog" and not expect to find this article, because the word itself is well-known.  ONR  (talk) 14:52, 20 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Except that this is not Wiktionary. —  AjaxSmack 21:37, 21 December 2017 (UTC)
 * And this article is not a dicdef, it is an article about a concept.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 08:25, 22 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Support. Clear primary topic. -- Necrothesp (talk) 16:17, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Support - BD2412's logic persuades me that the term is the primary topic for more reasons than merely being the original source of the name. 79.65.126.84 (talk) 18:51, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose per WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. As User:Dohn joe notes above, the term comes in third in page views |Underdog_(film)|Underdog_(Audio_Adrenaline_album)|Underdog_(term)|Underdog_(Banks_song)|Underdog_(Kasabian_song)|Underdog_(advertising_character)|Underdog_(Atlanta_Rhythm_Section_album)|Underdog_(You_Me_at_Six_song)|Underdog_(Ida_song) less than 20% of the pageviews.  Furthermore, the term aricle is a glorified DICDEF that barely belongs in an encyclopedia.  I urge other users who support a move with rationales like "obvious" and "clear primary topic" to explain why it is so clear; note that "being the original source of the name does not make a topic primary" according to WP:PRIMARYTOPIC.  —  AjaxSmack  21:37, 21 December 2017 (UTC)
 * The article has a huge amount of room for expansion, with concepts ranging from sports to military and beyond. For example, the fact that "underdogs" win in war at a rate of 40%, far more than people would expect. So I would definitely not call it a dicdef and even if it is a "glorified dicdef" it can be improved by expansion to make it a worthy broad concept article.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 08:28, 22 December 2017 (UTC)
 * "...It can be improved by expansion." Sorry, my crystal ball was hazy. —  AjaxSmack  20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose there is a show with the same title it's better to use term for it LovelyAngle (talk) 21:18, 22 December 2017 (UTC)
 * See . Andrewa (talk) 22:13, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose. The subject at Underdog (TV series) qualifies about equally to be primary topic as the term which the name of the series is most likely based. (The current situation reminds me a bit of the current situations of Gouda and Angus; over time, the original meaning of the terms in those cases have been overshadowed by another subject of the same name ... which received their names from the original use of the term.) Steel1943  (talk) 04:04, 23 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Except that in this case, we're talking about a fictional topic versus a real one. Wikipedia always gives precedence to reality, this is not like gouda cheese versus Gouda (the place).ZXCVBNM (TALK) 06:14, 23 December 2017 (UTC)
 * My point seems to have been missed. Steel1943  (talk) 08:22, 23 December 2017 (UTC)
 * If you're suggesting that the meaning of the word "underdog" has been overshadowed by the cartoon, well, I'd beg to disagree. I think any person on the street would still say that what comes to mind first is "someone expected to lose", not a "a cartoon dog".ZXCVBNM (TALK) 08:36, 23 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. Rather that "overshadowed by", I meant to say a phrase like "on par with". Steel1943  (talk) 15:45, 23 December 2017 (UTC)
 * See . Andrewa (talk) 22:13, 26 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Support both. Just looking at the two pages, the principle of least surprise is clearly (to my mind) best served by the proposed moves, and this will produce the best reader experience. I guess that's what is meant by common sense above. The reservations above seem based on arguable interpretations of policy and guidelines, so IAR if necessary, but I don't even think that's necessary in this case. Excellent article, just BTW. Andrewa (talk) 10:57, 26 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Why is it surprising to reach a DAB page? It gets everyone where he or she wants to go with minimal effort. —  AjaxSmack  20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Support. Underdog is a very widely and deeply understood term. All other topics derive from it, and have not modified its use. —SmokeyJoe (talk) 12:39, 26 December 2017 (UTC)
 * The related "top dog" first ngram dates ti 1737
 * The first google ngram of "underdog" is 1801
 * The oed.com cites first use in 1887, with uses clearly indicating preceding accepted use
 * Goog ngram shows rapid growth in use 1930-1945, plateauing thereafter.

 * Page views should always be used only with caution, and where there is a clear path of derivation adhering to the original use, page views are irrelevant.
 * "Being the original source of the name does not make a topic primary" does not make the opposite true. Being the original source makes it primary until a transformative change occurs.  In all articles, the base meaning of "underdog" remains the same as the original usage.  --SmokeyJoe (talk) 07:44, 27 December 2017 (UTC)
 * I wouldn't disagree with your research but argue that, although "underdog is a very widely and deeply understood" word, this does not translate into encyclopedic interest. Pageviews confirm this.  this is not Wiktionary. —  AjaxSmack  20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

Discussion
gives as the entire rationale there is a show with the same title it's better to use term for it. Some other oppose votes also seem to think that the series is the primary topic.

My reaction frankly is "you're kidding, right?" The show didn't air worldwide and ceased production in 1967 after 124 episodes, many of them now quietly dropped from the reruns and DVDs, and inspired a failed movie and several other proposed spinoffs that didn't even get that far. Australia appears to be the only place it aired outside of the US, and as an Australian I can assure you it made no great impact here. And the rest of the English-speaking world doesn't even know (or probably care) that it exists.

I'm sure it has (and probably deserves) a cult following in the US, and gets some page views, but that seems to be as far as it goes. Andrewa (talk) 22:16, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

 * I definitely wouldn't argue that series or any of the other entries is the primary topic. That's why the current situation of the Underdog article as a DAB page is ideal. —  AjaxSmack  20:14, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Wellknown Underdog: Donald Duck?
I think the cartoon character Donald Duck is one of the most well-known underdogs. Why not mention him here?

Merge proposal
Please use this space to discuss the proposed merge of Cinderella (sports) into this article. Pinging, who initiated the proposal. Joyous! Noise! 02:41, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ Klbrain (talk) 18:59, 1 October 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Underdog


text:
Patrick Campbell

Patrick, Pat, or Paddy Campbell may refer to:

Arts and entertainment

 * Mrs Patrick Campbell (1865–1940), British stage actress
 * Patrick Campbell, 3rd Baron Glenavy (1913–1980), Irish-born British journalist, humorist and television personality
 * Pat Campbell (broadcaster) (died 2021), American talk radio host
 * Pat Campbell (cartoonist), Australian cartoonist

Military

 * Patrick Campbell (British Army officer, born 1684) (1684–1751), British Army General and Member of Parliament
 * Patrick Campbell (Royal Navy officer) (1773–1841), British Royal Navy officer
 * Patrick Campbell (British Army officer, born 1779) (1779–1857), British Army Major General, British agent and Consul General in Egypt
 * Patrick Campbell (INLA member) (1977–1999), Irish National Liberation Army volunteer who was murdered by drug dealers

Sports

 * Paddy Campbell (born 1974), Irish Gaelic footballer
 * Pat Campbell (lacrosse) (born 1977), Canadian lacrosse player
 * Patrick Campbell (rugby union) (born 2002), Irish Gaelic footballer and rugby union player

Others

 * Patrick T. Campbell (1871–1937), American educator
 * Patrick J. Campbell (1918–1998), American labor leader

title: Patrick Campbell


text:
Mount Adagdak

Mount Adagdak is a Pleistocene age stratovolcano on the northernmost extremity of Adak Island in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Located about 1180 mi from Anchorage, the mountain is located about 1.4 km south of Cape Adagdak, for which it was named in 1948 by the United States Geological Survey.

The volcano is made up of rock from three different periods of activity. The youngest rock was argon dated to between 205,000 - 215,000 years old.

John Hunter of Quicklaunch has twice proposed the use of Mount Adagdak's western slope as the emplacement site for a light-gas gun to launch small payloads into orbit for use at ISS.

title: Mount Adagdak


text:
Colegio de San Juan de Letran

The Colegio de San Juan de Letran, also referred to by its acronym CSJL, is a private Catholic coeducational basic and higher education institution owned and run by the friars of the Order of Preachers in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. It was founded in 1620. Colegio de San Juan de Letran has the distinction of being the oldest college in the Philippines and the oldest secondary institution in Asia. The school has produced Philippine presidents, revolutionary heroes, poets, legislators, members of the clergy, jurists, and it is also one of the only Philippine schools that has produced several Catholic saints who lived and studied on its campus. The school's patron saint is St. John the Baptist. The campus contains two statues, representing the two foremost alumni in the fields of secular and religious service: former Philippine President Manuel L. Quezon and Vietnamese Saint Vicente Liem de la Paz.

Letran has programs in Business, Management, Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Information Technology, Digital Arts, Communication Arts, Accountancy, Engineering. The colleges are divided into six departments: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (CLAS), College of Business Administration and Accountancy (CBAA), College of Education (CoEd), Institute of Communication (iCOMM), Institute of Information Technology (iIT), College of Engineering (CoE).

The Colegio has successful athletic programs, particularly in basketball, football (soccer), volleyball, taekwondo, and tennis. Through the years Letran has produced numerous athletes that have donned the national colors (especially in basketball) in international events like the Olympics, Asian Games, Southeast Asian Games, Jones Cup, and FIBA World Championship. Letran is a long-time member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

The Colegio was given Level III accreditation by the Philippine Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities in the Basic Education department, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (CLAS), and College of Business Administration and Accountancy (CBAA).

Letran remains in its original campus in Intramuros, Manila, and is a member of the Intramuros Consortium.

Beginnings

The name San Juan de Letran is derived from the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome, considered as the Mother Church of Christendom. Early in the history of Letran, its chapel was granted many of the privileges enjoyed by the major basilica. Saint John the Baptist, for whom the basilica is named, is the patron saint of Letran.

The college was founded by Don Juan Geromino Guerrero in 1620, a retired Spanish officer and one of the Knights of Malta, in Intramuros as Colegio de Niños Huerfanos de San Juan de Letran. The school was intended to educate and mold orphans to be good Christian citizens.

Around the same time, Fray Diego de Santa Maria, O.P. founded the Colegio de Huerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo. As Don Guerrero grew old, the two schools were fused together, and in 1630, it simply became known as Colegio de San Juan de Letran.

18th century
In 1738, under the reign of King Philip V of Spain opened the Colegio de San Juan de Letran and University of Santo Tomas, and six scholarships were granted by the king for Chinese, Japanese, and Tonkinese students. Vicente Liem de la Paz, Letran's foremost alumnus, was among the students who enjoyed this scholarship taking up trivium and quadrivium along with four Tonkinese namely: Jose de Santo Tomas, Juan de Santo Domingo, Pedro Martir and Pedro de San Jacinto.

19th century
In May 1865, Letran was graded as a College of the First Class by royal decree ordered by Queen Isabella II and, as a result, the school population rose considerably.

In 1886, rector Fr. Bernardino Nozaleda re-organized the school's curriculum into the Lower, Middle, and Superior grades (Infima, Media y Superior) to conform to modern European and American teaching patterns.

20th century
Further expansion took place in 1894 and adjustments were made with the arrival of the Americans in 1900.

After celebrating its tricentennial, Letran was headed by the Rev. Fr. Martin Guillet O.P., who was tasked with replacing Letran's old infrastructure and constructing a new and modern building.

The new facilities were inaugurated and blessed by Rev. Fr. Martin Guillet O.P.. The new St. John the Baptist Building became the Colegio's main building and facade. These events were followed by the construction of the Elementary, High School and College buildings replacing the old structures respectively. The buildings were named after the Dominican founder and saints.

World War II
The growth of the Colegio was temporarily halted when the building was bombed in 1941 and turned into a garrison by the Japanese army in 1944. The Colegio was temporarily housed in the Dominican church and convent of San Juan del Monte. In school year 1942, classes were temporarily transferred to the Dominican Sanctuario of San Juan del Monte. After the war, Letran returned to its home in Intramuros and resumed operations in 1946. Several new construction projects were inaugurated to replace the old structures wrecked by the war.

First Filipino rector
The first Filipino rector and president of the Colegio de San Juan de Letran was Fr. Isidro Katigbak O.P., who served for four straight years. Letran has served by the majority of Spanish rectors and presidents for over 400 years.

Recent history
The school began accepting female students in its college department in the 1970s while the basic education department started accepting first-year female enrollees in June 2005.

In April 2007, Fr. Tamerlane Lana O.P. was elected rector and president of Letran, of the Intramuros and Abucay campuses, by the Board of Trustees to serve a four-year term until April 2011. Fr. Lana became the 80th rector of the Manila campus. Fr. Lana's administration has undertaken the task of changing and upgrading the Colegio's academic standards to meet those required to attain university status. This work also includes the revision of the vision and mission, research development, community service, and the 12-year strategic plan for 2008 until 2020.

Starting academic year 2007–08, Letran became a "wi-fi zone" to cater its students access to the internet.

In October 2007, two former Letran administrators were among the 498 Spanish martyrs beatified by Pope Benedict XVI. They are Fr. Jesus Villaverde Andres, OP, a former rector; and Fr. Antonio Varona Ortega, OP, a former professor and moderator of the NCAA Philippines.

On July 3, 2008, Fr. Lana formally launched the Letran Center for Intramuros Studies (LCIS). The initiative to establish the center sprang from the 12-year development plan as the school hopes to become a leader in cultural and historical studies, particularly on the subject of Intramuros. The day also marked the 435th anniversary of the signing of the royal decree by King Philip II in San Lorenzo, Spain on July 3, 1573, that prescribed the foundation of Hispanic colonial towns, which served as basis for the systematic layout for the establishment of Intramuros, which was known then as Spanish Manila.

In June 2015, Fr. Clarence Victor C. Marquez, O.P. was elected 81st Rector and President of Letran Manila and Bataan.

In July 2023, Fr. Raymund Fernando P. Jose, O.P. was elected 82nd Rector and President of Letran Manila and Bataan.

St. John the Baptist Building

Also known as the administration building, it houses the office of the rector and president. It houses the admission office, financial affairs office, the Letran Center for Intramuros Studies (LCIS) office, guidance counselor office, the information technology center, College of Business Administration and Accountancy, College of Education, and the Institute of Information Technology. The bookstore, lobby, and chapel are also in this building. The St. John Lateran convent of the Letran Dominican Fathers is located here.

Our Lady of Aranzazu Building
The former St. Antoninus Building is dedicated in honor of Our Lady of Aranzazu, where the Arch-confraternity of Nuestra Senora de Aranzazu was solemnly established in Letran on December 16, 1772, by virtue of a pontifical brief issued by Benedict XIV on September 18, 1748. It holds the promenade and Salon de Actos (student lounge).

The campus hosts a historical marker that the Philippines Historical Committee, now the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, installed in 1939 to denote the place of the establishment of the arch-confraternity.

St. Dominic de Guzman Building
The building who was named after the founder of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans). This building houses classrooms, Science and Psychology Laboratory, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and The Institute of Communication.

St. Thomas Aquinas Building
This building houses the Library and Media Center for Communication Arts students. The Media Center has two sections: Instructional Media and Broadcast Media. It provides human and material resources for instructional and broadcast purposes. Among the facilities are an audio-video library, viewing rooms, instructional media resources for circulation. Services include lending of instructional materials, rendering the execution of art work, photo coverage and black-and-white photo developing and printing. For broadcast media facilities, the TV production studio, radio production and studio post-production. Services offered are audio and video production and editing, video coverage, etc. Several facilities are the Apple Mac-Lab Editing Suite, TV Studio, Radio Mini Station and many more. The library is divided into sections:

 * Filipiniana Section
 * Circulation Section
 * High School Library
 * Graduate School Library
 * Media Library
 * Internet Section
 * Periodical Section
 * Archives Section

The St. Thomas Building has a television for televiewing purposes.

St. Raymond of Peñafort Building
The former High School Building, St. Raymond of Peñafort houses the Office of the Vice Rector for Religious Affairs. It includes the Accounting Stock Room, Lost and Found Office, Hospitality Management Facility, Auxiliary Services, Audit Services, Letran Alumni Association Office, and the Center for Community Development Office. The school clinic is in this building.

St. Albert the Great Building
This building is also known as the Student Center Building because it houses student facilities such as the canteens, a modern 400-seat auditorium, Office of the Student Affairs, Letran Student Council Office, the Graduate School faculty room and student lounge, six SC classrooms, Thesis Section, The Lance Publication Office, and the Office of the Dean in Graduate School.

St. Vincent Ferrer Building
This building serves the basic education department, the College of Engineering, and it also houses the music room and speech laboratory.

St. John Paul Solamo Building
It serves as the headquarters of maintenance and housekeeping of the Colegio.

Blessed Antonio Varona Gymnasium
It is the home of the Knights and Squires, Letran's collegiate and high school varsity teams that play in the NCAA and other sports tournaments, located right across the Student Center Building along Beaterio Street in Intramuros. Letran Gym has three physical education classrooms with a centralized air-conditioned unit. It houses the Letran Hall of Fame and the P.E. faculty. The Letran Gym is named in honor of Blessed Antonio Varona, OP, former Letran Professor and Athletics Moderator.

The old gym was demolished in April 2019 and will be replaced by the Quadricentennial Building, a multi-purpose sports facility.

San Vicente Liem dela Paz Dormitory
The dormitory of Letran Manila located beside the Letran Gym.

College of Business Administration and Accountancy
The College of Business Administration and Accountancy offers a wide range of business courses especially in management. Letran's CBAA was known as the flagship college of the institution. The college produced many alumni and students who excelled in the field of business: one of these is the prominent Filipino businessman Enrique Zobel de Ayala — the first patriarch of the Zobel de Ayala family.

College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Same as the CBAA, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences or CLAS is the flagship college offering courses in the Colegio. Its Liberal Studies program offers required subjects in the Humanities, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Languages and Health, and Physical Education. It also offers majors in Communication Arts, Psychology, Political Science, AB Advertising, AB Public Relation, AB Journalism, and AB Broadcasting. It likewise offers subjects required in all courses such as Seminar Workshop and Practicum (SWP), Research Methods and Practicum (RMP) where students are required to undertake " on the job training" and come up with a research paper (thesis). Community Service is given a central place in all courses. The CLAS also offers as part of its core curriculum subjects such as theology and other supplemental activities like parish exposure, retreats and recollection, community outreach program to our adopted communities.

Foreign languages as electives such as Mandarin, French, Spanish and Japanese are also offered in the CLAS.

Institute of Communication
The Institute of Communication, called iComm, offers programs, several of which are considered as the flagship courses of the Colegio.

College of Education
The College of Education began as an area in the College of the Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education in 2002 with an initial enrollment of seventeen students and six teachers in its Bachelor of Science in Secondary Education program. In 2006, the education area separated to become an independent college.

College of Engineering and Information Technology
The Colegio started to offer engineering programs in 2012. With the transfer of the Institute of Information Technology, Letran established its youngest college, the College of Engineering and Information Technology (CEIT). The CEIT currently offers four engineering programs and three specialization on the information technology program.

Institute of Information Technology
In 2003, Letran Manila was the first school to partner with Microsoft for the Microsoft IT Academy program in the Philippines. It is one of the academic institutions that offers a degree in Information Technology mapped with the premier certification from Microsoft. It began as an area in the College of the Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education. Starting A.Y. 2012–13, the Institute of Information Technology transferred to the College of Engineering.

Graduate school
The Professional School for Continuing Education in Business of the Letran Graduate School is located at the St. Albert the Great building.

Basic Education
The Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Manila has a Basic Education department that has been in existence for almost 400 years. Letran started as an all-boys school, then began accepting female enrollees in the first year during the academic year 2005–06 for its basic education program.

The Elementary Level caters a two-year start from pre-school and six years of elementary, Now forming part of the Basic Education Department of the Colegio, the elementary level starts from the first two years of pre-school – Kindergarten and Preparatory – and six years of elementary education. The pupils in this Department are called Pages, the name given to those who are in the first stage of knighthood. Here, pupils are taught the basic rudiments not only of reading, writing, and arithmetic but also of other areas, which include character formation.The Elementary Department of Letran Manila is located at the St. Vincent Ferrer building.

The High School Department is located in the St. Raymond of Penafort building.

Athletics
Letran is a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association from 1928 to 1932, and since 1936.

The Colegio currently participates in basketball, volleyball, football (soccer), track and field, taekwondo, Lawn Tennis, and table tennis. The varsity teams are called Letran Knights (for seniors division), Squires (for juniors division) and Lady Knights (for women's division)

The seniors basketball team is the second most successful team in the NCAA. Since joining in the 1928–29 season, the Knights have won a total of twenty titles. The most recent championship came in the 2022–2023 tournament.

Their most prominent rivals are the De La Salle Green Archers (before the Green Archers left the NCAA), San Beda Red Lions, San Sebastian Stags and the Mapua Cardinals, their neighbor in Intramuros.

Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Abucay, Bataan
Rev. Fr. Rogelio Alarcon, O.P., former rector and president of Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Intramuros, Manila, and an alumnus proposed the idea of having another campus in the north. The province of Bataan was chosen. Initially, two sites in Bataan were presented: Hermosa and Balanga. After three years in the conceptualization stage, a third site, Abucay, was also considered. By what could be described as heavenly intercession and providential twists, Abucay was selected. The community of St. John Lateran, the Board of Colegio de San Juan de Letran and the Council of the Philippine Dominican Province approved the establishment of Letran-Abucay in 1998.

Construction started in 2000 in the fifteen-hectare area, donated by Mayor and Mrs. Liberato Santiago, Mr. and Mrs. Nicanor Soriano, and Gov. and Mrs. Leonardo Roman. Views of the Manila Bay and the surrounding mountains, including Mt. Samat, envelope the site. One of the main attractions of Letran-Abucay is its relatively undisturbed natural area and environment.

Preparations for the establishment of the Letran-Abucay campus spanned over the terms of three Filipino Dominican provincials: Rev. Fr. Quirico Pedregosa, O.P., Rev. Fr. Ernesto Arceo, O.P. and Rev. Fr. Edmund Nantes, O.P., an alumnus. Rev. Fr. Edwin Lao, O.P., former rector and president of Letran-Intramuros spearheaded the over-all construction of the building and the formulation of the guiding principles of the institution. The blessing and inauguration on June 4, 2006, coincided with the gathering of the priors and superiors of the Philippine Dominican Province. Bishop Socrates Villegas, D.D., also an alumnus, officiated the Eucharistic celebration and blessing.

Letran Bataan produced its first batch of graduates in March 2010. Letran Bataan Science High School will open in June 2011.

Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Calamba, Laguna
When the government declared its policy of decongesting Metro Manila, the Dominican Province of the Philippines instituted long-term plans which included the establishment of an extension school in Laguna. This plan was prepared by the Commission for the Planning of the Ministry of the Word.

An 11-hectare tract of land along the foothills of the legendary Mount Makiling in Bucal, Calamba, Laguna, was chosen as the site.

The school was founded on March 11, 1979. Rev. Fr. Ramon Salinas, OP was the project director; Rev. Fr. Jesse Lorete, OP served as the Coordinator of Student/Personnel Services; and Mr. Jose Marcelino, Principal of the Elementary Department of Letran-Intramuros, was the academic provost. Being an extension campus, Letran-Calamba was placed under the supervision of Rev. Fr. Regino Cortez, OP, the rector of Letran-Intramuros.

On August 7, 1986, Letran-Calamba finally gained its autonomy from Letran-Intramuros with the installation of Rev. Fr. Tamerlane Lana, OP, as its first president and rector.

With the school buildings still under construction, the first semester of its first school year saw Letran's pioneer instructors (most of whom commuted from Letran-Manila) and students holding classes at the rented half-finished building of Laguna Poly medic Center, Inc. now known as the PAMANA.

To smoothen the school operations, Rev. Fr. Patricio Apa, O.P. was designated the First Director of Letran-Calamba in 1980. Assisting him as the Academic Provost was Mr. Constante Molina.

The year 1981 saw the blessing of the four-story main Building, the three-story engineering/Elementary/ High School Building, and the Shop. Various offices and services were expanded to ensure the implementation of the development plan and programs. The college departments had their first academic heads; Engr. Dominador Chua for Engineering and Commerce, and Rev. Fr. Enrico Gonzales, O.P. for Arts & Sciences.

Letran-Calamba graduates took the board examinations both in Mechanical Engineering and Certified Public Accountant licensing exam with several of the Mechanical Engineering board passers landing in the top positions. In 1987–1991, Letran placed 20th (average ranking by the Professional Regulation Commission) in the Overall National Passing Percentage of Mechanical Engineers, ranking second in Region IV in the 1987 ME Board Examination.

In the March 2010 Electronics Engineering examination, 75% of Letran graduates who took the licensure examination passed. The national passing rate was 27%.

Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Manaoag, Pangasinan

The Holy Rosary Academy of Manaoag was founded in 1947 by Fr. Teodulo Cajigal, a Spanish Dominican priest.

In 1990, the Dominican Fathers requested the help of the Dominican sisters in Pangasinan to teach Christian Living subjects in the Holy Rosary Academy of Manaoag. In response, two sisters were assigned in San Manuel for this purpose. In 1992, the Fathers entrusted the management of the school to the sisters. From then on, the sisters resided in the vicinity of the school. The sisters worked tirelessly to improve the school and in 2001 the school was granted permit to offer collegiate education. The school then operated under the name Our Lady of Manaoag College.

On August 8, 2014, Our Lady of Manaoag College signed a MOA with Letran - Manila, Letran - Calamba, and Letran - Bataan for the integration of the college into the Letran System. A proposal of changing its name to Colegio de San Juan de Letran - Manaoag was unanimously approved by its Board of Trustees on September 6, 2014.

It was on October 3 that Our Lady of Manaoag College was officially relaunched as the Pangasinan campus of the college, and many activities were held in celebration of the formal reopening under the banner of the Letran system. The newest Letran campus is located in Manaoag, within meters from the Dominican-administered municipal church and the town hall.

Official publications

 * The Lance, the official student publication of Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Manila
 * Esplendente, the official student publication of Letran Senior High School Department
 * The Letran Scroll for the High School Level
 * Letran Page for the Elementary Level
 * Muralla is the literary portfolio of The Lance
 * Letran News for the Administration
 * KNIGHTline for Letran Alumni Association
 * Luz Y Saber – Letran Research Journal
 * Letranense – Yearbook
 * The Shield, the official student publication of Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Bataan
 * The Squires Chronicle, the official student publication of the high school department of Letran – Bataan
 * "Ang Pahayangang Inggo", the official student publication in Filipino language of the high school department of Letran – Bataan
 * The Knight, the official publication of the collegiate department of Letran-Calamba
 * The Squire, the official publication of the high school department of Letran-Calamba
 * Ang Kabalyero, the official publication, in Filipino language, of the high school department of Letran-Calamba
 * The Page, the official publication of the elementary department of Letran-Calamba
 * Barangay Letran, the official publication of the administration and academic schools of Letran-Calamba
 * Lilok – Letran-Calamba research journal

Notable alumni (Letran Manila)
Saint
 * St. Vicente Liem dela Paz, O.P. (HS,1747–1750) – Letran's foremost alumnus and heavenly patron. A young Vietnamese scholar who studied in Letran during the 18th century. Also known as Vicente Pham Hieu Liem, or Vicente Le Quang Liem de Tonkin.
 * St. Tomas Hioji Rokuzayemon Nishi de San Jacinto, O.P. – Born in Kyūshū, Japan. Tomas went to the Philippines and studied Theology in University of Santo Tomas. Upon returning to his homeland, he was captured and was martyred through the "gallows and hole" torture.
 * St. Pedro de Sta. Maria, O.P.
 * St. Vicente Shiwozuka Dela Cruz de Nagasaki, O.P.- Among the martyrs of the persecution of Christians in Japan with San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila.
 * St. Francisco Shoyemon, O.P.
 * St. Jacobo Kyushei Gorobioye Tomanaga de Santa Maria, O.P.
 * St. Domingo Tuoc, O.P.
 * St. Vicente Do Yen, O.P.

Venerable
 * Fr. Juan Bautista de Santa Maria Fung, O.P.- Entered Letran on July 8, 1736. Embraced the Dominican Order in 1744 and martyred in July 1755

Blesseds
 * Beato Fr. Jesus Villaverde Andres, O.P. – Among the 498 martyrs of the Spanish Civil war beatified by Pope Beneditc XVI last October 28, 2007.
 * Beato Fr. Antonio Varona, O.P.

Presidents of the Philippines
 * Emilio Aguinaldo (HS, 1886) (1899–1901)
 * Manuel L. Quezon (HS, 1889; AB, 1894) (1935–1944)
 * Sergio Osmeña (HS, 1889; AB, 1894) (1944–1946)
 * José P. Laurel (HS) (1943–1945)

Vice Presidents of the Philippines
 * Mariano Trías (AB) (Tejeros Convention, 1897)
 * Fernando Lopez (HS, 1921) (1949–1953, 1965–73)

Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
 * Cayetano L. Arellano (HS) (1901–1920)
 * Victorino M. Mapa (1920–1921)
 * Manuel G. Araullo (Ab Philo) (1921–1924)
 * Ramon Q. Avanceña (AB) (1925–1941)
 * Andres R. Narvasa (GS'38) (1991–1998)
 * Diosdado M. Peralta (BS Economics) (1974)

Heroes of the Philippine Revolution
 * Don Pedro Abad Santos (HS) – revolutionary hero; founder of the Socialist Party of the Philippines
 * Marcelo H. del Pilar - leader of the Propaganda Movement in Spain; second and last editor of La Solidaridad
 * Mariano Abella (AB) – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Crispulo Aguinaldo (AB) – a revolutionary leader, older brother of Emilio Aguinaldo
 * Santiago Alvarez (AB) – revolutionary general from Cabiao, Nueva Ecija
 * Gen. Servillano Aquino – a delegate to the Malolos Congress, revolutionary leader
 * Vito Belarmino – major-generals of the revolutionary army
 * Higinio Benitez (GS, HS, AB) – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Fr. José Burgos (AB, Philo 1855) – GOMBURZA
 * Don Graciano Cordero – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Mariano Crisostomo (HS, AB) – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Gen. Emiliano Riego De Dios – revolutionary leader
 * Severino De Las Alas – a revolutionary leader
 * Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Ladislao Diwa (AB) – a patriot who was among the founders of the Katipunan that initiated the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896.
 * Gen. Edilberto Evangelista (AB) – Hero of the Battle of Zapote Bridge, revolutionary leader
 * Lorenzo Fenoy – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Gen. Leandro Locsin Fullon - revolutionary leader, former Provincial Governor of Antique
 * Maximo Gregorio – one of the Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite
 * Emilio Jacinto (AB) – Revolutionary hero & Brains of the Katipunan
 * Apolinario Mabini (AB, 1887) – Political philosopher and revolutionary who wrote the constitution for the first Philippine republic of 1899–1901, and served as its first prime minister in 1899. He is often referred to as "the Sublime Paralytic", and as "the Brains of the Revolution."
 * Gen. Mariano Llanera – revolutionary leader
 * Honorio Lopez (AB) – revolutionary leader
 * Victoriano Luciano – one of the Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite
 * Gen. Vicente Lukbán – revolutionary leader and Governor of Tayabas (now Quezon) from 1912 to 1916
 * Gen. Mamerto Natividad, Jr. – Lieutenant General of the Philippine Revolutionary Army; Drafted the manifesto decree of Biac-na-Bato in July 1897; Signer of the Constitution of Biac- na-Bato which established the provisional revolutionary government.
 * Pablo Ocampo – delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Jose Maria Panganiban y Enverga (1883) – propagandist
 * Fr. Pedro Pelaez – Father of Secularization Movement in the Philippines
 * Gen. Artemio Ricarte – revolutionary leader
 * Antonio San Agustin – one of the Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite
 * Pablo Tecson (AB) – revolutionary leader
 * Dr. Pío Valenzuela – Chief Aid of Andres Bonifacio
 * Aguedo Velarde (AB) – a delegate to the Malolos Congress
 * Faustino Villaruel – a mason and one of the founding member of the La Liga Filipina, and supporter of the propaganda movement.
 * Flaviano Yenko (AB) – revolutionary leader
 * Fr. Jacinto Zamora (AB) – GOMBURZA
 * Phil Villas – Isabela Province freedom fighter
 * Gen. Isidro Torres – a revolutionary who established Katipunan chapters in Bulacan. "Matanglawin" of the Katipunan.

Senators of the Philippines

 * Francisco Tongio Liongson (Third District, Fourth Philippine Legislature 1916–1919)
 * Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr. (AB, 1896) (Senate President, 1952–53, 1953–1963)
 * Vicente Madrigal
 * Francisco Afan Delgado
 * Isabelo delos Reyes (AB)
 * Richard Gordon (PR, 1955)
 * Pedro Guevara (1896)
 * Esteban Quimbo Singzon- First senator of the senatorial districts of Samar and Leyte
 * Teodoro Kalaw
 * Nicolas Capistrano,(Senator- 4th Philippine Legislature, 1916–1919)
 * Enrique B. Magalona (AB, 1907)
 * Quintin Paredes (House Speaker, 1933–35)
 * Freddie Webb (AB English), also many time member of the Philippine basketball team in the 1972 Olympics
 * Tito Sotto (GS,HS,AB English) Senate President, Republic of the Philippines

Congressmen of the Philippines
 * Benigno Aquino, Sr. (AB, 1904) (House Speaker, 1943–44)
 * Sergio Apostol
 * Gus Tambunting (GS,HS,BS) Congressman, Parañaque

Governors Mayors
 * Ding Roman (HS) (Bataan 1986–2004)
 * Macario Arnedo (Pampanga 1904—1912)
 * Francisco Tongio Liongson (Pampanga 1912–1916)
 * Francisco Gopez Nepomuceno (GS 1928, HS 1936, BSC 1940) – (Pampanga 1960–1971)
 * Honorio Ventura (Pampanga 1916, 1918–1922)
 * Luis "Chavit" Singson (BSC, 1961) (Ilocos Sur)
 * Jesus Typoco, Jr. (BSC, 1968) (Daet, Camarines Norte) Bicol
 * Melecio Y. Severino (HS) – (Negros Oriental, Occidental)
 * Ramil L. Hernandez (BSC,1993) – Province of Laguna
 * Albert G. Ambagan, Jr. (AB-Political Science, 1998) – (Amadeo, Cavite)
 * Edwin M. Bautista (Strike Revilla) (BSC-Management, 1991; MBA) – (Bacoor)
 * Leon G. Guinto, Sr. (College) – Manila, former Secretary of Labor
 * Arsenio Cruz Herrera (AB, 1880) – first civilian mayor of Manila
 * Justo R. Lukban (AB, 1873) – Mayor of Manila 1917–1920, Congressman – Manila 2nd District – 1909 to 1912
 * Mary Jane Ortega (AB-Spanish and English, 1959) – San Fernando, La Union
 * Isagani C. Pascual (GS, 1962) – (Guiguinto, Bulacan)
 * Alain P. Rabang (HS, 1983) – (Umingan, Pangasinan)
 * Enrique B. Yap, Jr. (HS, 1982) – (Sarangani)

Councilors
 * Ricardo L. Baes, Jr. – HS 1981; District 1, Parañaque
 * Greco Antonio Belgica – HS 1965; District 6, Manila
 * Engr. Giovanni Esplana – District 2, Parañaque
 * Willand Patrick Florendo – HS 1996; Floridablanca, Pampanga
 * Martin Isidro, Jr. – GS 1976, BSC 1985; District 1, Manila
 * Val Sotto – HS 1968; District 2, Parañaque
 * Darwin B. Icay – AB Political Science, 1997 – Taguig
 * Jim Gerald Pe – AB Political Science, 1997 – Coron, Palawan
 * Albert Joseph Cruz – GS 1997, HS 2001 – Meycauayan, Bulacan

Other government officials
 * Felipe Agoncillo – Ambassador
 * Herminio A. Astorga (HS, 1951) – Vice Mayor, Manila, 1964 TOYM Awardee for Political leadership, NCAA Basketball Athlete
 * Angelito Banayo (El., HS, College) – Political Consultant, former General Manager of the Philippine Tourism Authority, former Administrator of the National Food Authority
 * Jaime C. de Veyra – Historian, Educator, former Director of the Institute of National Language
 * Jaime Bautista (BS Commerce 1977) - Secretary of Department of Transportation (Philippines) (2022–present)

Legal
 * Pedro Tongio Liongson – Judge Advocate General, Army of First Philippine Republic (1899)
 * Bernardo P. Pardo (HS, 1950) – former Associate Justice (1998–2002); Former chairman of COMELEC
 * Felicismo Feria (AB) – former Associate Justice (1945–1953)
 * Carlos Imperial (GS) – former Associate Justice
 * Diosdado M. Peralta (BS Commerce, 1974) – Associate Justice, Supreme Court
 * Gregorio Perfecto (AB) – former Associate Justice (1945–1949)
 * Florentino Torres (Philosophy) – former Associate Justice
 * Augusto K. Aligada, Jr. – Civil Law Expert, Former Dean of Faculty of Civil Law in University of Santo Tomas
 * Quintin Paredes III – Civil Law Expert, member FROKS (Manila)
 * Antonio Paredes, Jr. – legal counsel of Senator Loren Legarda, member FROKS shooting team, member FROKS (Manila)
 * Oscar T. Castelo (HS) – Judge of Manila Court (1946), City Attorney of Quezon City
 * Rafael del Pan (HS) – Lawyer, Nationalist, Criminologist and Reformist, Solicitor General of Philippine Islands
 * Eugenio H. Villareal (GS 1976, HS 80) – former Chairperson, Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) (Dec 2012 – Jan 2017); Professor of Law in Evidence, Legal Philosophy, and Media & Entertainment Law
 * Salvador Medialdea (BSC) – is a Filipino lawyer, business executive and government administrator who is the former Executive Secretary of the Philippines during the administration of former president Rodrigo Duterte

Men of Cloth Writers
 * Archbishop Artemio Casas (HS, 1930) – former Rector of Manila Cathedral (1956–1962)
 * Archbishop Oscar Cruz, DD (GS, 1950) – Lingayen–Dagupan
 * Archbishop Ramon Salazar, OP
 * Archbishop Socrates Villegas (HS, 1977), member FROKS (Manila)
 * Bishop Teodoro Bacani (HS, 1956) – Novaliches
 * Bishop Jose Salazar, OP (HS, 1958) – Batanes
 * Bishop Alfredo Versoza
 * Fr. Gregorio Aglipay (AB, 1878–1881) – Co-founder of the Philippine Independent Church
 * Fr. Rufino "Jun" Sescon, Jr. (HS, 1988) Chancellor, Arzobispado de Manila; Chaplain, Sto. Nino de Paz Chapel
 * Francisco Alonso Liongson – Filipino Playwright in Spanish
 * Francisco Balagtas – Poet and is widely considered as the Tagalog equivalent of William Shakespeare for his impact on Filipino literature. The famous epic, Florante at Laura, is regarded as his defining work.
 * Jesús "Batikuling" Balmori – Renowned Filipino Poet in Spanish, Premio Zobel awardee (1926)
 * Marcelo H. Del Pilar – Writer & Propagandist; One of the co-publisher and founder of La Solidaridad
 * Fernando De La Concepcion – Journalist, Premio Zobel awardee (1960)
 * Carlos De La Rosa – Journalist, Premio Zobel awardee (1984)
 * Ermin Garcia, Sr. – Journalist, Founder of Pangasinan Newspaper "Sunday Punch"

 * Enrique Fernandez Lumba – Spanish Journalist and Poet, Premio Zobel awardee (1954)
 * Bienvenido Lumbera (HS, 1950) – National Artist of the Philippines; Recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative communication; Carlos Palanca Memorial Awardee
 * Jesus T. Peralta (HS, 1951; AA-PM, 1953) – Writer, essayist and social scientist; Hall of Famer Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards in Literature
 * Mariano Ponce (1885) – Writer & Propagandist
 * Severino Reyes – Writer, dramatist, and playwright, highly acclaimed as one of the giants of Tagalog literature of the early 20th century. Author of "Walang Sugat" and "Ang mga Kwento ni Lola Basyang."
 * Guillermo Gomez Rivera (AB) – Writer, Premio Zobel awardee (1975)
 * Rolando Tinio (HS, 1950, AA'52) – National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Literature

Educators
 * Dr. Bonifacio Lopez Mencias – a Filipino physician, epidemiologist, guerrilla sympathizer, and martyr. He is best known for providing aid to the Philippine guerrillas in his capacity as Dean of the UST College of Medicine during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines.
 * Mariano V. de los Santos – Founder of the University of Manila
 * Bienvenido Gonzalez – former president of the University of the Philippines (UP)
 * Dr. Fernan Lukban (HS, 1978) – Head, Business and Economics Program of Arts and Sciences, University of Asia and the Pacific (UA&P)
 * Jovencio Ortañez – former president of Ortañez University
 * Ignacio Villamor (AB, 1885) – First Filipino president of UP, Associate justice at the Supreme Court
 * Kenneth Glenn L. Manuel – CPA Reviewer, 6th place, 2019 Bar Examinations

Sportspeople
 * Sambiao Basanung – Olympic Swimmer (1948)
 * Enrique Beech – Olympic Shooter (1956, 1960)
 * Felicisimo Fajardo – Basketball player and coach. Olympian (1948, 1952)
 * Gabriel "Gabby" Fajardo – Basketball player
 * Rudy Hines – Naturalized import from New York. Basketball player and PBA official
 * Samboy Lim – Basketball player. The "Skywalker" of the PBA and was named as one of PBA's 25 Greatest Players.
 * Col. Julian Malonzo – Basketball player and FIBA official. Former President of the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC)
 * Willie Miller - PBA Most Valuable Player, Member FIBA Asia Powerade Team Pilipinas
 * Lauro "The Fox" Mumar – Played in the 1948 London Olympics; a former Filipino basketball player and later served as the national team head coach of India and the Philippines. He was one of the greatest Filipino players of his time. Member of the famous Letran "Murder Inc." basketball team, 1950 NCAA Champions
 * Oliver Opeda Ongtawco- Olympic Bowler and coach; PSA Bowler of the year (1979)
 * Carlos Padilla – Olympic Boxer (1932)
 * Jose Padilla, Jr.- Olympic Boxer (1932)
 * Fausto Preysler – Olympic Yachting (1960, 1964)
 * Kerby Raymundo – PBA Player
 * Antero "Terry" Saldaña – PBA Player
 * Mike Mustre – PBA Player
 * Nemie Villegas – Basketball player and coach
 * Ricardo Pineda – Member, 1970 NCAA Champion Men's Basketball Team, once held the NCAA record of 52 pts in a game against Ateneo. Played in the PBA for Mariwasa & U-Tex
 * Manuel Pineda – Member, 1970 NCAA Champion Men's Basketball Team. Played in the PBA for San Miguel
 * Ramon San Juan – (El'71,HS'75,College), Member, 1979 NCAA Men's Basketball Champion & 1979 MVP
 * Rino Salazar – PBA player and coach
 * Angelito Esguerra – (College) Member, 1979 NCAA Men's Basketball Champion
 * Joaquin Lopez – Football Hall of Fame
 * Bryan Faundo – NCAA Men's Basketball Team Champion '05–'06, ABL, PBA Player
 * Ramil Abratique – Taekwondo Champion, Silver medalist World Championships
 * Mark Andaya – former PBA player, former ABL player played for Philippine Patriots; actor
 * Boyet Bautista – former PBA player, PBL player Harbour Centre Batang Pier
 * RJ Jazul – PBA Player, Smart Gilas Player National Basketball Team
 * Rey Guevarra - PBA player, NCAA Slam Dunk Champion, PBA Slam Dunk Champion, Smart Gilas National Basketball Team
 * Raymond Almazan – PBA Player, NCAA MVP, Defensive Player of the year (NCAA)
 * Jaypee Belencion – PBA Player
 * Louie Alas – PBA Player, Smart Gilas Player National Basketball Team
 * Alfrancis Chua -(HS) Letran Basketball Jr. Division, PABL Player, PBA Head Coach and Team Manager
 * Michael Garcia – Laguna Lakers MBA Player, Alaska Aces PBA Player
 * Paul Guerrero – PBA Draftee Round 3 29th Overall by Purefoods, Davao Eagles MBA Player
 * Anton Villoria – PBA Player Red Bull Thunder
 * Jam Cortes – PBA D-League Player
 * Caloy Garcia – (HS) PBL Player, PBL, NCAA, PBA Head Coach
 * Aldin Ayo – Former Letran Knight Player '98 to '01, Basketball Clinic Director, Councilor of Sorsogon City, Head Coach 2015 NCAA Men's Basketball Team Seniors Division, Asst. Coach KIA Motors Carnival in PBA
 * Erwin Velez – PBA Draftee Mobiline Phone Pals 1st Round 4th Overall
 * Al David – PBA Player Presto Ice Cream
 * Jason Misolas – PBA Player
 * Gilbert Castillo – PBA, MBA Player
 * Billy Moody – Naturalized import from Kansas. PBA Player
 * Ed Ducut – PBA Player Ginebra San Miguel
 * Dong Polistico – PBA Player
 * Genesis " Donking" Sasuman – PBA Player
 * Harold Sta. Cruz – URBL, MVBA, Liga Pilipinas, ABL Player, Indonesia Warriors (Import)
 * Eric Rodriguez – PBL, PBA, ABL Player
 * Yeng Guiao – (GS) Before entering LSGH, PBA Head Coach, PBL Commissioner, Commentator and Politician
 * Archand Christian Bagsit – Philippine Athlete Track & Field Gold Medalist in SEA Games
 * Arnold Baradi - Silver Medalist, 1985 World Games, Taekwondo, Men's fin weight, and the first Filipino Gold medal winner in the Asian Taekwondo Games.
 * Tonichi Pujante – Founding Commissioner of Vietnam Basketball Association (VBA)
 * Chris Calaguio – PABL, MBA, PBA Player
 * Aaron Aban – PBA Player

Businessmen
 * Don Enrique Zobel -Businessman & Philanthropist
 * Francisco Ortigas – Lawywer, Businessman
 * Luis Quiray Abiva (GS, 1954; HS, 1958; BSC 1963) – former president, Abiva Publishing House
 * Jaime Bautista (BS Commerce 1977) – Former President and CEO of Philippine Airlines
 * Tony Chua (Coll, 1975) – Businessman, Team Manager of the Barako Bull Energy Boosters (PBA), Executive Vice President, Philippines Football Federation (PFF)
 * Henry Co – President and CEO, Ford Motors Philippines
 * Geronimo B. de los Reyes Jr. – entrepreneur, philanthropist, and art collector
 * Panfilo Domingo – (MBA-SMP, 2007) – Chairman/CEO University of the East/Allied Bank
 * Francisco Cuervo Eizmendi (HS, 1952) – former president, San Miguel Corporation
 * Ralph Lim Joseph (GS, 1965) – Owner, Ralph's Wines and Spirit
 * Robert Lim Joseph (GS, 1963; HS, 1967) – Chairman, Travel Cooperative of the Philippines
 * Henry Lim Bon Liong – Chairman and CEO of Sterling Paper Group of Companies; Dr. José Rizal Awardee for excellence in the field of Management and Finance
 * Aurelio Periquet, Jr. Business Leadership Awardee.
 * James Gaviola Velasquez (HS, 1983) – Former President and Country General Manager, IBM Philippines. President & CEO of PT&T.
 * Cesar Zalamea (B.A. in Accounting and Banking). Former President of the Philippine American Life Insurance Company (Philamlife). Former President & CEO of AIG Investment (Asia). Former Chairman & CEO of the Development Bank of the Philippines. Currently advisory director of Campbell Lutyens.
 * Justo A. Ortiz + (HS) – Chief Executive Officer, Union Bank of the Philippines

Media Personalities Others
 * Ariel Villasanta – (Business Management) TV host/Actor/Comedian The Misadventures of Maverick and Ariel, Totoo TV, Iskul Bukol as Perfecto "Pekto" Pangkista, Creative Director of PLDT
 * Johnny Delgado (HS, 1965) – Actor
 * Maryo J. de los Reyes (PR, 1962) – TV and Movie Director
 * Ted Failon – News Anchor and Host of ABS-CBN
 * Eddie Gutierrez (Commerce) – Actor and former matinee idol
 * Juancho Gutierrez – Actor, one of the 1950s most popular leading men in Philippine cinema.
 * German Moreno – (deceased) Television host, actor, comedian and talent manager (star-builder).
 * Vic Sotto (PR, 1964; GS, 1967, HS; 1971) – Actor/Host
 * Raymond Lauchengco - Actor and singer
 * Ramon Tulfo (GS, 1960) – TV Host, Radio Broadcaster, Columnist
 * Carlo Guevara – one of the Host of Party Pilipinas GMA7, winner of Be Bench
 * Lourd de Veyra – (HS) vocalist of the band Radioactive Sago Project, host of TV5's Wasak and History with Lourd
 * Wendell Ramos (HS) – Veteran Actor, Host, Comedian, & Matinee Idol.
 * Tobias Enverga (BA-Economics) – The first Filipino-Canadian appointed in the Senate of Canada.
 * Jose Maria Sison (HS '56) – Founding Chairman, Communist Party of the Philippines; Current Chairman, International League of Peoples' Struggle, Literary critic, Marxist theoretician, Award-winning Poet
 * Antonio M. Molina – composer, conductor, pedagogue, historian, and music administrator, Premio Zobel awardee (1985)

title: Colegio de San Juan de Letran


text: User talk:83.98.253.64

title: User talk:83.98.253.64


text:
Merrick (Galloway)

The Merrick, or simply Merrick (A' Mhearag ), is a mountain in the Range of the Awful Hand, a sub-range of the Galloway Hills range, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. The summit elevation is 843 m, making it the highest mountain in the Southern Uplands and southern Scotland.

Line of sight
The 144 mi view between Merrick and Snowdon is the longest line of sight in the British Isles. Although theoretically visible, looking from S-N, Merrick is almost entirely obscured by Lamachan Hill and as such, confirmed sightings are very rare.

Granite boulders
An interesting feature on the mountain is the presence of several large partly buried granite boulders at about 800 m on the broad west ridge. They are glacial erratics, but the exact mechanism is unclear that has brought them to rest close to the highest point of the Southern Uplands and over 200 m higher than any currently occurring granite in the Galloway Hills.

Walking
The shortest route of ascent is from the car park in Glen Trool. The car park is located near Bruce's Stone, a monument commemorating the victory of Robert the Bruce over the English forces of Edward II at the Battle of Glen Trool in 1307. The Merrick is a relatively straightforward and easy hike from the car park near Bruce's Stone. The route climbs past the Culsharg bothy then up on to Benyellary. After dropping slightly the final climb to the summit trig-point is made. Be aware that if descending in poor visibility a very common mistake is to walk down the west ridge into remote terrain. The total round-trip distance from Glen Trool to the summit and back is approximately 9 mi.

Climbing
Because of the nature of the rock, no good rock climbing has been recorded on the Merrick. However, in winter after a good freeze there are a number of good ice climbs of up to 200 m on the Black Gairy, which lies west of the summit.

title: Merrick (Galloway)


text:
Passerculus

Passerculus is a genus of birds that belongs to the New World sparrow family Passerellidae. Currently it is considered to include just the Savannah sparrow (P. sandwichensis).

title: Passerculus


text:
User:Ency

I am Janusz Dorożyński (Polish), my name is spelling like Yanoosh Dorojeenskee, I think. I operate mainly on polish wiki as Ency, of course.

pl:Wikipedysta:Ency ru:Участник:Ency

title: User:Ency


text:
User:Richardbr

Test page

title: User:Richardbr


text:
Talk:Eadgyth

Untitled
I removed the 869 date because I don't know what it's referring to.

The way it was written, it looked like it was telling the reader when Edward the Elder was born, but Edward's article says he was possibly born in 871. If there's a possibility that he could've been born in 869, then that should be included in his article, not his daughter's.

I thought that the date could refer to Eadgyth's date of birth, but then that obviously doesn't make sense, unless it's a typo. Randee15 10:19, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Is Eadgyth the more usual form of her name? --Wetman 08:29, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes. Perhaps Eadgyth should be used throughout the article.68.37.168.37 (talk) 15:11, 26 March 2016 (UTC)

Extra Sister
Notes on my revisions: Æthelweard reports that King Æthelstan sent two sisters to Germany (not three, as previously indicated in the article) as candidates for empress. He goes on to say that after Otto chose Edith, the other (unnamed) sister married a "regi juxta Iupitereos montes" (king near the Alps). William of Malmesbury somewhat garbles the story, saying that Otto married "Algiva" and that Edith married a "duke of the Alps". A German chronicle, Gesta Oddonis, correctly marries Otto to Edith and says that the leftover sister, "Adiva", was married off. Things get even more confusing because William of Malmesbury writes that "Edgiva, a lady of incomparable beauty, was united, by her brother, Athelstan, to Louis, prince of Aquitaine" Problem is, the only Louis of Aquitaine alive at this time was King Louis IV of France, the son of Charles III by Eadgifu of England. There's no way this "Edgiva" married her own nephew!

It's a tangle sorting this all out. Adiva/Algiva/Edgiva may have been a duplication of Eadgifu. Or she may have been a separate sister altogether. Some interesting coins have been found from this time period naming the queen of Boleslaus II the Pious of Bohemia as "Adiva". Other theorized husbands included Louis the Blind, Ebalus of Aquitaine, and Ludwig, Count in Thurgovie. Missi 09:18, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Edit summary
This is a request to please kindly give a summary of your edits, especially on this article where statements are now sometimes appearing while not backed up in the sources given. It's easy to forget to write a summary, so the my preferences link (top right of this page if you're signed in) has a facility that prompts you to write one before saving edits. If you have information which you believe to be true but you can't find the source, then may I suggest that you write it here, so that a future editor can possibly find and add the source, or discuss it as appropriate. Thank you.--Storye book (talk) 20:28, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Eadgyth. Please take a moment to review my edit. You may add after the link to keep me from modifying it, if I keep adding bad data, but formatting bugs should be reported instead. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether, but should be used as a last resort. I made the following changes:
 * Attempted to fix sourcing for http://news.discovery.com/archaeology/english-princess-bones.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 05:58, 28 March 2016 (UTC)

Otto wasn*t the eldest son
Henry the Fowler had an elder son, Thankmar (from his first marriage with Hatheburg). As it wasn't sure that this marriage was legal Thankmar couldn't succeed as king. Regards, Annett — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.211.197.108 (talk) 15:22, 7 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eadgyth


text:
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank

Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, branded as Pufa Bank in Chinese and SPD Bank in English, is a city-owned joint-stock commercial bank. It was established in 1993 and owned by the Shanghai Municipal Government.

Shanghai Pudong Development Bank issued a 400 million A-share offer on 23 September 1993, on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It became the first shareholding commercial bank to list with both Central Bank and China Securities Regulatory Commission’s approval since the enactment of "Commercial Bank Law" and "Securities Law". The registered capital reached RMB 2.41 billion. 320 million shares of the issue were listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange on 10 November 1999 (stock code 600000).

History
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank partnered with Silicon Valley Bank in 2012 to create a separate Shanghai-based bank to lend to local technology startups. It was the first Sino-American joint venture bank.

In 2019, it was reported that the bank was under investigation for alleged money laundering and sanctions violations involving the North Korean regime. The bank allegedly moved money for the Foreign Trade Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea that was used to finance the country's nuclear and ballistic missile programs.

title: Shanghai Pudong Development Bank


text:
Taepodong-1

Taepodong-1 (대포동-1) was a three-stage technology demonstrator developed by North Korea, a development step toward an intermediate-range ballistic missile. The missile was derived originally from the Scud rocket and was tested once in 1998 as a space launch vehicle. As a space launch vehicle, it was sometimes called the Paektusan 1.

History
On August 31, 1998, North Korea announced that they had used this rocket to launch their first satellite Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 from a pad on the Musudan-ri peninsula. However, the satellite failed to achieve orbit; outside observers conjecture that the additional third stage either failed to fire or malfunctioned. This is contrary to official statements of the North Korean state media, which stated that the satellite achieved orbit about 5 minutes after launch. On this single launch, the main two-stage booster flew for 1,646 km without any significant problems.

The rocket was launched eastward, passing over Japan at an altitude of over 200 km. The second stage came down into the Pacific Ocean about 60 km past Japan, and the third stage about 600 km beyond Japan. According to post-launch analysis of the launch vehicle, debris from the third stage fell as far as 4,000 kilometers from the launch pad. Some analysts believe that a three-stage space booster variant of the Taepodong-1 could be capable of travelling as far as 5,900 kilometers with a very small payload.

In 2003, the US Defense Intelligence Agency reported to the Congress: "We have no information to suggest Pyongyang intends to deploy the Taepo Dong 1 (TD-1) as a surface-to-surface missile in North Korea. We believe instead that the vehicle was a test bed for multi-stage missile technologies." In 2009, the US National Air and Space Intelligence Center assessed that the Taepodong-1 was a technology demonstrator, a development step toward longer-range missile development.

The Taepodong-2, or Unha-2, was the successor to the Taepodong-1 technology demonstrator, with a first (unsuccessful) test launch in 2006.

Description

 * Liftoff thrust: 525.25 kN
 * Total mass: 33,406 kg
 * Diameter: 1.80 m
 * Length: 25.80 m
 * Range with 1,500 kg of payload: 2,000 km
 * Range with 1,000 kg of payload: 2,500 km
 * Range with 50 kg of payload and third stage: 6,000 km

The rocket's first stage is a Rodong-1 MRBM, and the second stage uses a single engine from the Rodong-1.

In a nominal space launch, the first stage burns for 95 seconds, before separating, and landing about 250 km downrange. The payload fairing separates 144 seconds after launch. This is followed by the depletion and separation of the second stage, 266 seconds into the flight, resulting in an impact about 1650 km downrange. The third stage, which is spin-stabilised, then burns for 27 seconds to insert the payload into low Earth orbit. The payload is estimated at 6 kg mass.

title: Taepodong-1


text:
Lobster fishing

Lobsters are widely fished around the world for their meat. They are often hard to catch in large numbers, but their large size can make them a profitable catch. Although the majority of the targeted species are tropical, the majority of the global catch is in temperate waters.

Methods
Several methods are used to catch lobsters, with the method depending largely on the species being targeted.

Lobster pots
The large Homarus lobsters are caught almost exclusively with lobster pots (also called "lobster traps"). These are large rigid objects which the lobster enters voluntarily, often to reach bait, and which it then cannot escape. Traps are also used in some spiny lobster fisheries, such as the fishery for the California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Lobster traps can either be wire or wooden, today fishermen are straying from the wooden traps as they can be heavier than the wire. Traditionally, a lobster trap has two compartments. The outside, or “kitchen”, has nylon netting leading inside the trap to the “parlour” where the lobsters are caught.

Trawling
Trawling is the main method used for the Norway lobster or Dublin Bay prawn, Nephrops norvegicus, and for those slipper lobsters that prefer soft substrates, such as Thenus and Ibacus. It has also become more frequently used in the fishery for Homarus americanus.

Gill nets and trammel nets
Gill nets and trammel nets are used for the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus.

Hand-fishing and spearfishing
Slipper lobsters that prefer crevices, caves and reefs (including Scyllarides, Arctides and Parribacus species) are usually caught by SCUBA divers.

Restrictions
Legal restrictions apply to the catching of lobsters in many parts of the world, in order to prevent overfishing and allow recruitment to the next generation. Common restrictions include the provision of a minimum landing size, preventing fishermen from catching "berried" females (females carrying eggs), closed seasons and limiting catches with individual fishing quotas.

Commercial fishing regulators in the United States, such as the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission and the National Marine Fisheries Service, enforce restrictions through the use of lobster fishing licenses and lobster pot tags that correspond to the fisher's permit number. Tag manufacturers also maintain databases for each state's licensed fisheries, tracking how many tags each fisher purchases every year.

Distribution and species
Of the 280,000 tons of lobster catches reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization for the year 2010, 188,000 t (67%) was of true lobsters (family Nephropidae), 80,000 t (28%) was of spiny lobsters (Palinuridae) and about 10,000 t (4%) was of slipper lobsters (Scyllaridae).

Atlantic Ocean
About 122,000 t of lobsters are caught in the north Atlantic Ocean (FAO Fishing Areas 21 and 27), where the dominant species are Homarus americanus and Nephrops norvegicus.

The State of Maine accounts for 57,000 t of Homarus americanus landings valued at $450 million.

N. norvegicus is mostly caught by trawling. Around 60,000 tonnes are caught annually, half of it in the United Kingdom's waters. Discards from Nephrops fishery may account for up to 37% of the energy requirements of certain marine scavengers, such as the hagfish Myxine glutinosa. Boats involved in Nephrops fishery also catch a number of fish species such as plaice and sole, and it is thought that without that revenue, Nephrops fishery would be economically unviable.

The European lobster, Homarus gammarus is found across the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean from northern Norway to the Azores and Morocco. Homarus gammarus is mostly fished using lobster pots, although lines baited with octopus or cuttlefish sometimes succeed in tempting them out, to allow them to be caught in a net or by hand. In 2008, 4,386 t of H. gammarus were caught across Europe and North Africa, of which 3,462 t (79%) was caught in the British Isles (including the Channel Islands). The minimum landing size for H. gammarus is a carapace length of 87 mm.

Caribbean Sea
In the Caribbean Sea, the main species targeted by lobster fisheries is the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus.

Eastern Pacific Ocean
The most important lobster species on the West Coast of the United States is the California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. Recreational lobster fishers in California must abide by a legal catch limit of seven lobsters per day and a minimum body length of 3.25 inch, measured from the eye socket to the edge of the carapace. The sport season for California spiny lobster starts on the Saturday preceding the first Wednesday in October through to the first Wednesday after 15 March. Commercial fishers use lobster traps.

New Zealand
New Zealand implements the Quota Management System (QMS) to limit catches of fish and shellfish. Under QMS, a limit of 2807364 kg for the rock lobster Jasus edwardsii, and 1291000 kg for the New Zealand scampi, Metanephrops challengeri, were in place in 2011. Recreational fishers may only gather by hand or use lobster pots, while commercial fishers catch lobsters by trawling. The total catch in 2011 was 2539946 kg of J. edwardsii, 350194 kg of M. challengeri, and 23086 kg of Sagmariasus verreauxi.

Recreational fishing of lobsters ("crayfishing") in New Zealand does not require a permit provided catch limits, size restrictions, and seasonal and local restrictions set by the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) are followed. The legal recreational daily limit is six lobsters per person, with a maximum of three lobster pots permitted per person. Lobsters cannot be taken if they are in berry (carrying eggs) or in the soft shell stage. For J. edwardsii, the minimum legal size is 54 mm for males (no pincers on the rear legs and single pleopods) and 60 mm for females (pincers on the rear legs and paired pleopods), measuring the width of the tail over the primary splines on the second segment.

Australia
A number of species are targeted around the coasts of Australia. Jasus edwardsii is found off Australia's southern coast, from Western Australia to New South Wales, as well as in New Zealand. Thenus orientalis, known as the Moreton Bay bug, is fished on the country's north coast.

Safety
Lobster fishing is considered a hazardous occupation by NIOSH. Lobster fishermen who become entangled in their trap line are at risk of drowning if they are pulled overboard. Best practices have been developed to prevent and reduce entanglement, and to facilitate getting fishermen who have fallen overboard back onto their vessels.

Fishing safety can be found in many manuals and courses can be taken to ensure that your vessel and crew are up to date on all of their safety procedures to reduce the risk of injury or drowning. There are many policies to be followed for many things such as on-board working procedure, maintenance and more.

Environment
There are procedures in place to minimize the amount of pollution in the water while fishing. If a spill were to take place on a vessel, the first thing is to minimize the amount and prevent as much from entering the water. A pollution kit should be aboard every vessel in case of a spill.

title: Lobster fishing


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