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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/MSC Armonia (ship)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 14:14, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

MSC Armonia (ship)
Specs of a cruise ship. While I understand the reasoning behind articles with specs on military ships, what exactly is the purpose of this one? The ship is googleworthy but I haven't found something notable happening on the ship. Radiant! 12:34, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if not turned into an encyclopedic article (if that's even possible). -R. fiend 15:50, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's a real cruise ship. That's all the notability that's required.--Gene_poole 00:38, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * If it was a military ship, I could see that. But a commercial cruise ship? There must be tens of thousands of them. Delete unless notability is shown. DaveTheRed 01:14, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Q: Since when are military ships more important that non-military ships? A: Since never.--Gene_poole 05:43, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Military ships can be and are decisive in winning wars. Cruise ships enable people to have nice vacation slides. Hmmmm, which is more notable...? DaveTheRed 08:00, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Also, a lot of people are interested in all things military, and information on it, and replaying battles, etc. Nobody much is interested in all things related to cruise ships, or replaying their trajectory, or anything. Delete. Radiant! 09:01, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you serious with that comment? There are tens of thousands of avid cruise ship afficianados in the world, who frequently spend hundreds (if not thousands) of $$$ on collecting memorabilia and reading the hundreds of books on the subject over their lifetimes. I really have to wonder what rock it is that some people spend their lives under when I see wildly uninformed nonsense like the above being peddled here as if it were fact. Oh, and by the way, keep, obviously. --Centauri 10:16, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep and merge into MSC Italian Cruises. The information is worth keeping but highly unlikely to ever stand on its own as an article. - RedWordSmith 05:50, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * On further thought, I like this idea better. Merge with MSC Italian Cruises. DaveTheRed 20:19, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * What RedWordSmith said. Right now, what we have isn't much more than the technical specs but they would certainly be worth putting in a real article.  It should be retitled as MSC Armonia in the meantime.  Given the cost, complexity and relative rarity of cruise ships, I believe they're more than encyclopedic.  Many are promoted worldwide.  In fact, I saw a couple docked in Puerto Vallarta that were absolute leviathans.  I don't know which ships they were, but I can tell you they were a lot more substantial than the average Pokémon character.  :^) - Lucky 6.9 18:23, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or merge cruise ships and similar leviathans. Kappa 11:02, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak delete. Should someone bother to write a proper article on a cruise ship I'd proably vote to keep, but this short list of specs isn't an article. -- Infrogmation 21:28, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. It's only a list of the ship's measures! --Neigel von Teighen 21:30, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. A notable ship, like a notable person, should have a discoverable birth-date. Sure, some cruise ships are notable b/c they were the largest of the time, or the first to have some unusual feature, or at least peripherally involved in some historical event.  Show me something like that about this one, and I'll vote to keep; otherwise, merge with the line.  --BD2412 01:58, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - David Gerard 11:00, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Cruise ships can be encyclopedic. — Xezbeth 15:22, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/MS Arosa Sun

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. It was deleted as a copyvio. dbenbenn | talk 14:20, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

MS Arosa Sun
Basically the biography of a ship, now scrapped. Radiant! 12:38, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - we have thousands of ship articles, many of which are far more obscure than this one. I think I even have a picture of this vessel that I can upload, probably why I added to my watchlist. Stan 23:01, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I think it can be a good beginning, but it will be hard work...If a picture is uploaded and some copyediting is performed (I tried to do it, but couldn't!), it will be a good stub to begin with. --Neigel von Teighen 23:05, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seems perfectly notable enough to be in Wikipedia.--Gene_poole 00:40, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Alas, 'tis a copyvio from several sources. Agree that a rewrite at the temp page would be a keep.  BTW, how are you, Gene?  Long time, dude!  Drop me an e-mail when you have a moment. - Lucky 6.9 02:46, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seems notable, though will need a rewrite if it is copyvio. Can you find the sources? DaveTheRed 03:03, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure can: .  That was just the first one.  :^) - Lucky 6.9 18:18, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep a rewrite - David Gerard 11:00, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/MS Sea Breeze

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 14:26, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

MS Sea Breeze
Stub description of a ship by someone who worked on it. Radiant! 12:41, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not notable. --NewAtair Δ 15:39, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Short personal reminisence about a ship. -R. fiend 16:01, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * No vote for now on the rewritten version. I'm not sure every cruise ship is encyclopedic just for being a cruise ship. Maybe the scary list Korath mentions could just have short blurbs on each of the ships instead of article stubs. Beyond size, capacity, nationality, and location there isn't much to say about them, and all that info could be part of a chart. Merge and redirect then maybe?-R. fiend 15:32, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not notable. --Cnwb 02:09, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ship vanity. DaveTheRed 03:06, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete . Military vessels are inherently encyclopedic.  Cruise ships need some indication of notability.  Even if you disagree, then this should be scrapped as useless and then listed at Requested articles.  Note also the scary redlinks at List of cruise ships. —Korath (Talk) 08:52, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Neutral after rewrite. —Korath (Talk) 09:19, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I have made a rewrite of this article, hoping to save it. I think cruise ships are notable. These things are among the largest moving objects carrying people! Sjakkalle 14:15, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, cruise ships are notable, that is why we have a Cruise ship article... just like we have an articles on Accountants and Scientologists - but not on each individual one, because some are individually notable, and others are not. I stick with my defining characteristics of a notable cruise ship from a few articles back: date of completion or launch can be identified and first of its kind, largest for its time, or involved in an historic event. --BD2412 02:05, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Respectfully disagree with you there. The reason we cannot have an article about every accountant or every scientologist is that there are too many of them. There are only a few hundred cruise ships in the world, and making an article on each of them is not as infeasible. Sjakkalle 08:57, 7 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, no reason not to - David Gerard 11:00, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep. Absolutely no reason to not keep it. --Oldak Quill 15:10, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Cruise ships can be encyclopedic. Xezbeth  15:17, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Walmington-on-Sea

Walmington-on-Sea is a fictional seaside resort that is the setting of Dad's Army during the Second World War, including the BBC Television sitcom (1968-1977), the BBC Radio 4 series and two feature films (1971 and 2016).

Walmington-on-Sea is on the south coast of England which, following the fall of France and the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force from Dunkirk, found itself on the front line against Hitler. It is situated in Sussex and the nearest large town is Eastbourne, where Captain Mainwaring was educated at the local grammar school.

The series followed the adventures and misadventures of members of a fictional platoon of the Home Guard - a (real) WWII volunteer army that was formed from those ineligible for conscription by age, minor physical inability or occupation, to defend the United Kingdom from German invasion following the fall of France.

Amenities and filming locations
Over the nine television series, the action is set in various places in Walmington-on-Sea, the interiors of which were built in the television studios, while the exterior scenes were filmed at various Norfolk locations. Those included a pleasure pier (filmed in Great Yarmouth ) with a 20-foot (6m) wide gap blown in the middle to prevent it from being used as a landing stage by invading armed forces. The beach is protected with barbed wire and other defences including mines, pillboxes and tank traps.

Other locations, typical of a seaside town during the Second World War, included a sweet shop, The Novelty Rock Emporium, at least two banks (the fictional Swallows Bank, which appeared in early episodes, and the real Martins Bank), the Marigold tea room, Anne's Pantry, the Dutch Oven, Corporal Jones's butcher's shop, Hodges' greengrocers, Frazer's undertakers, a cinema and numerous pubs including the Red Lion, which all suggest it was a reasonably sized place. There is also a Free Polish Club for Polish servicemen. In common with most real British towns, Walmington-on-Sea has a church, Saint Aldhelm's, with a hall next door which is the setting for various community events in the episodes such as the Christmas pantomime and a place for the Sea Scouts to parade. It is also where the Walmington-on-Sea Home Guard platoon muster on parade nights.

Many outdoor scenes were filmed at Thetford, an inland town in Norfolk. The 1971 film, Dad's Army, moved location to Chalfont St Giles, even further from the coast. The 2016 film, Dad's Army, was filmed even more distantly, in Yorkshire.

Thetford's Guildhall (today the home of the Dad's Army Museum) became Walmington-on-Sea's Town Hall. The Guildhall featured in the 1972 episode Time on My Hands, in which a German Luftwaffe pilot dangled from the clock tower when his parachute became caught in the clock's hands. The Guildhall was also used in the 1974 episode "The Captain's Car". The distinctive flint cottages in Thetford's Nether Row appeared in four episodes: "Man Hunt", "The Armoured Might of Lance Corporal Jones", "The Big Parade" and "Time on My Hands". Mill Lane was used in "The Deadly Attachment", while Thetford's real-life Palace Cinema (now a bingo hall) doubled as Walmington-on-Sea's Empire Cinema in two episodes – "The Big Parade" (1970) and "A Soldier's Farewell" (1972).

Brandon railway station was used for exterior shots of Walmington-on-Sea railway station, while the platforms of Weybourne Station on the preserved North Norfolk Railway (a heritage steam railway) stood in for the platforms at Walmington-on-Sea station in the episode "The Royal Train".

title: Walmington-on-Sea


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User talk:Rip87

I love your articles!

title: User talk:Rip87


text: User talk:217.204.212.19

title: User talk:217.204.212.19


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User:Maberg

move along, move along..

title: User:Maberg


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Cherhill

Cherhill is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. The village is about 2+1/2 mi east of the town of Calne, on the A4 road towards Marlborough. The parish includes the village of Yatesbury.

Cherhill has a population of around 700 with a mixture of housing ranging from thatched cottages (some dating to the 14th century) to newly built detached houses. The River's Brook rises in the northeast of the village and flows west towards Quemerford, where it joins the River Marden.

Cherhill is located in the western foothills of the North Wessex Downs National Landscape. Cherhill Down, a hill to the southeast of the village, is known for the Cherhill White Horse cut into the chalk hillside in 1780, the Lansdowne Monument obelisk, and the crop circles that appeared in the fields at the bottom of the hill. The area around the horse and obelisk is owned by the National Trust. On a clear day, the 840 ft summit offers fine views, up to 25 miles, with the water tower at Tetbury in Gloucestershire visible. Atop the tall hill to the north of the village, opposite to Cherhill Downs, it is said to be possible to see the Severn crossings to South Wales, 38 mi to the west.

Location
Cherhill lies on an old coaching road, now the A4, which runs from central London to Bristol. Its nearest railway station is on the Great Western Main Line, which is a stop for services between London Paddington and Bristol Temple Meads. The nearest motorway junction is junction 17 of the M4 north of Chippenham, 15 mi from Cherhill. The village is served by the Wigglybus scheme, which runs from Cherhill and other surrounding villages into nearby Calne and connects to further transport links.

History
John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–1872) says of Cherhill: CHERHILL, a parish in Calne district, Wilts; near Wans Dyke, 2½ miles E by S of Calne r. station, and 7 NNE of Devizes. It has a post office under Chippenham. Acres, 1, 817. Real property, £2, 574. Pop., 364. Houses, 88. The property is all in one estate. An ancient square camp with double works, called Oldbury, is on the summit of a chalk hill; and the figure of a horse, 157 feet long, cut out of the turf about 1780, and visible for many miles, is on the side of the same hill. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Salisbury. Value, £300. Patron, the Bishop of Salisbury. The church is old but very good; and there is a Primitive Methodist chapel.

The Lansdowne Monument, or Cherhill Monument, is a 125-foot stone obelisk erected in 1845 by the Third Marquis of Lansdowne on Cherhill Down in honour of his ancestor Sir William Petty.

The civil parish increased in size in 1934, when Cherhill gained some land from Calne Without and absorbed the whole of Yatesbury parish.

Cherhill Downs, White Horse and Oldbury hillfort
Near the top of Cherhill Down stands Oldbury Camp or Oldbury Castle (not to be confused with sites having similar names in Somerset and Kent), which began as a Bronze Age enclosure and was enlarged in the Iron Age to become a hillfort.

The Cherhill White Horse was cut out of the hillside in 1780. It has been restored several times due to chalk being washed away and weeds growing on it. The horse is visible from miles around and has become a landmark synonymous with the village and local area.

From here it is possible to see the route of a Roman road heading toward the nearby Wansdyke trade route. The top of the hill is popular with ramblers, dog walkers and power kiters, owing to the powerful winds in action.

The Cherhill Gang
The Cherhill Gang was a notorious group of highway men who operated in the 18th century on the London to Bath main road (A4) which passes through the village – they were noted for their robbery technique of attacking the carriages of rich Londoners while completely naked, thus shocking passengers into handing over their money and also making it harder to identify them. A painting depicting one such attack can be seen in the Black Horse pub, on the A4 main road in the village.

Sundial
At one of the village's bus shelters is a millennium project of a sundial. Consisting of a vertical sarsen stone inside a face of Roman numerals, it symbolises the passage of time.

Parish church
The Church of England parish church of St James has 12th-century origins. Most of the building, including the tower, is from the 15th century. A west gallery in Gothic style was added in 1840, and restoration in 1863 was by S.B. Gabriel. The church was designated as Grade II* listed in 1960.

Cherhill was a dependent church of St Mary's, Calne until 1842. The ecclesiastical parish was enlarged in 1879 when 204 acres were transferred from Calne. Since 1973 the parish has been part of the Oldbury Benefice.

Governance
The Parish Council has a mostly consultative role, while the Wiltshire Council unitary authority is responsible for all significant local government functions. The parish forms part of the North Wiltshire parliamentary constituency.

Amenities
Cherhill has a primary school, built at Middle Lane in 1961 to replace a small school on The Street which was built in 1846 or 1847.

The village hall was built in 1977, next to the old school. In 2015 a new building was proposed, on a larger site immediately east of the village boundary.

Cherhill Cricket Club play in the Wiltshire League. The village has a pub, the Black Horse.

title: Cherhill


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Juniper carpet

The juniper carpet (Thera juniperata) is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is found throughout Europe and the Near East, but is rather uncommon and locally distributed, mainly due to its very specific larval food plant.

Description
The nominate race has a wingspan of 26–29 mm but smaller races occur in Ireland and Scotland. The forewings are light brown with a darker shaded band and a very distinctive black apical streak. The hindwings are pale buff. The caterpillars reach a length of up to 21 millimeters, are light green and have an indistinct, bluish-green dorsal line. The also not clearly pronounced dorsolateral lines are greenish or whitish. The wide, yellowish-white lateral line is lined red at the top. The legs are rosy, the head is round and greenish-brown. The pupa is slim, light green to grey-brown. It has six hook bristles on the cremaster, which is relatively short.

Similar species
Itself variable Thera juniperata closely resembles some forms of Thera obeliscata In case of doubt, specialists should be consulted for determination.

Biology
The moth is active at night from September to November, but rarely flies any great distance though it occasionally comes to light.

The larva feeds exclusively on junipers. The species overwinters as an egg.

 * 1) The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

title: Juniper carpet


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User:Rip87

If you can read this thank a teacher. If you can read this in English thank a Soldier.

Si usted puede leer esto agradezca a profesor. Si usted puede leer esto en inglés agradezca a soldado.

title: User:Rip87


text: User talk:200.156.17.1

title: User talk:200.156.17.1


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Bingerville

Bingerville is a town in south-eastern Ivory Coast. It is a suburb of Abidjan city and one of four sub-prefectures of Abidjan Autonomous District. Bingerville is also a commune. The town is located about 10 kilometres east of Abidjan and lies on the Ébrié Lagoon. Villages in the sub-prefecture include Eloka.

Bingerville is home to École militaire préparatoire technique (EMPT), a military academy.

History
Bingerville (13,000 BP) and Iwo-Eleru (11,000 BP) are the most early microlithic industries in West Africa.

Originally a market town, Bingerville grew as the capital of the French colony from 1909 until 1934. It is named after Louis-Gustave Binger, a former French colonial governor. Many colonial buildings survive in the town, which is also known for its botanical gardens.

Prior to the 2011 reorganisation of the subdivisions of Ivory Coast, Bingerville was part of the Lagunes Region.

Notable people

 * Mamadou Koné, footballer
 * Wilfried Bony, footballer
 * Eric Bailly, footballer
 * Didier Drogba, footballer
 * Badra Ali Sangaré, footballer

title: Bingerville


text: User talk:159.90.250.199

title: User talk:159.90.250.199


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Raphael Weldon

Walter Frank Raphael Weldon FRS (15 March 1860 – 13 April 1906), was an English evolutionary biologist and a founder of biometry. He was the joint founding editor of Biometrika, with Francis Galton and Karl Pearson.

Family
Weldon was the second child of the journalist and industrial chemist, Walter Weldon, and his wife Anne Cotton. On 13 March 1883, Weldon married Florence Tebb (1858–1936), daughter of the social reformer William Tebb.

Life and education
Medicine was his intended career and he spent the academic year 1876-1877 at University College London. Among his teachers were the zoologist E. Ray Lankester and the mathematician Olaus Henrici. In the following year he transferred to King's College London and then to St John's College, Cambridge in 1878.

There Weldon studied with the developmental morphologist Francis Balfour who influenced him greatly; Weldon gave up his plans for a career in medicine. In 1881 he gained a first-class honours degree in the Natural Science Tripos; in the autumn he left for the Naples Zoological Station to begin the first of his studies on marine biological organisms.

On his religious views, he considered himself an agnostic. He died in 1906 of acute pneumonia, and is buried at Holywell Church, Oxford.

Career
Upon returning to Cambridge in 1882, he was appointed university lecturer in Invertebrate Morphology. Weldon's work was centred on the development of a fuller understanding of marine biological phenomena and selective death rates of these organisms.

In 1889 Weldon succeeded Lankester in the Jodrell Chair of Zoology at University College London, and as curator of what is now the Grant Museum of Zoology, and was elected to the Royal Society in 1890. Royal Society records show his election supporters included the great zoologists of the day: Huxley, Lankester, Poulton, Newton, Flower, Romanes and others.

His interests were changing from morphology to problems in variation and organic correlation. He began using the statistical techniques that Francis Galton had developed for he had come to the view that "the problem of animal evolution is essentially a statistical problem." Weldon began working with his University College colleague, the mathematician Karl Pearson. Their partnership was very important to both men and survived Weldon's move to the Linacre Chair of Zoology at Oxford University in 1899. In the years of their collaboration Pearson laid the foundations of modern statistics. Magnello emphasises this side of Weldon's career. In 1900 he took the DSc degree and as Linacre Professor he also held a Fellowship at Merton College, Oxford.

Weldon was one of the first scientists to provide evidence of stabilizing and directional selection in natural populations.

By 1893 a Royal Society Committee included Weldon, Galton and Karl Pearson 'For the Purpose of conducting Statistical Enquiry into the Variability of Organisms'. In an 1894 paper Some remarks on variation in plants and animals arising from the work of the Royal Society Committee, Weldon wrote:

 * "... the questions raised by the Darwinian hypothesis are purely statistical, and the statistical method is the only one at present obvious by which that hypothesis can be experimentally checked."

In 1900 the work of Gregor Mendel was rediscovered and this precipitated a conflict between Weldon and Pearson on the one side and William Bateson on the other. Bateson, who had been taught by Weldon, took a very strong line against the biometricians. This bitter dispute ranged across substantive issues of the nature of evolution and methodological issues such as the value of the statistical method. Will Provine gives a detailed account of the controversy. The debate lost much of its intensity with the death of Weldon in 1906, though the general debate between the biometricians and the Mendelians continued until the creation of the modern evolutionary synthesis in the 1930s.

After his death, the Weldon Memorial Prize was established by the University of Oxford in his honour; it is awarded annually.

Weldon's dice
In 1894, Weldon rolled a set of 12 dice 26,306 times. He collected the data in part, 'to judge whether the differences between a series of group frequencies and a theoretical law, taken as a whole, were or were not more than might be attributed to the chance fluctuations of random sampling.' Weldon's dice data were used by Karl Pearson in his pioneering paper on the chi-squared statistic.

title: Raphael Weldon


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Stane Street

Stane Street is the modern name of the 91 km Roman road in southern England that linked Londinium (London) to Noviomagus Reginorum (Chichester). The exact date of construction is uncertain; however, on the basis of archaeological artefacts discovered along the route, it was in use by 70 AD and may have been built in the first decade of the Roman occupation of Britain (as early as 43–53 AD).

Stane Street shows clearly the engineering principles that the Romans used when building roads. A straight-line alignment from London Bridge to Chichester would have required steep crossings of the North Downs, Greensand Ridge and South Downs. The road was therefore designed to exploit a natural gap in the North Downs cut by the River Mole and to pass to the east of the high ground of Leith Hill, before following flatter land in the River Arun valley to Pulborough. The direct survey line was followed only for the northernmost 20 km from London to Ewell. At no point does the road lie more than 10 km from the direct line from London Bridge to Chichester.

Today the Roman road is easily traceable on modern maps. Much of the route is followed by the A3, A24, A29 and A285, although most of the course through the modern county of Surrey has either been completely abandoned or is followed only by bridlepaths. Earthworks associated with the road are visible in many places where the course is not overlain by modern roads. Several parts of Stane Street are listed as scheduled monuments, including the well-preserved section from Mickleham Downs to Thirty Acres Barn, Ashtead.

Etymology
Stane is simply an old spelling of "stone" (stān) which was commonly used to differentiate paved Roman roads from muddy native trackways. The name of the road is first recorded as Stanstret in both the 1270 Feet of Fines and the 1279 Assizes Rolls of Ockley. Some historical sources refer to the road as 'Stone Street'. There is no surviving record of the road's original Roman name.

Dating evidence
A number of first-century pottery fragments have been found along the road, including samian ware of Claudian date at Pulborough. The earliest coins found along the route are from the reigns of Claudius (41–54 AD), Nero (54–68) and Vespasian (69-79), consistent with the road being in use by 60 to 70 AD. Stane Street may in fact have been constructed during the first decade of Roman occupation, as early as 43–53 AD. Archaeological evidence from later periods includes coins from the reigns of Titus (79–81), Domitian (81–96), Nerva (96–98), Hadrian (117–138), Commodus (180–192), Severus Alexander (222–235), Gallienus (260–268), Claudius Gothicus (268–270) and Constantine the Great (306–337).

Surveying
The direct line from London Bridge to Chichester passes over the North Downs at Ranmore (200 m above ordnance datum) and the Greensand Ridge at Holmbury St Mary (260 m above OD). The steep gradients that would have been required if the road had followed a direct line would not have been practical for wheeled traffic. The road was therefore designed to cross the North Downs by a natural breach cut by the River Mole and to pass to the east of the high ground of Leith Hill.

The geology of the region was also considered and the road leaves the direct line at Ewell to move onto the well-drained chalk of the North Downs, in preference to remaining on the London Clay. The road is able to make a more gentle ascent of the South Downs escarpment at Bignor than was possible at East Lavington and the chosen route avoids the need to cross the steep-sided River Lavant valley at East Dean.

No evidence survives as to how the course of the road was surveyed.

Design and construction
For much of its length, Stane Street consisted of a central agger (a raised embankment on which the upper road surface was laid), with parallel ditches either side. A variety of local materials was used to build the road, sometimes supplemented with stone brought from elsewhere. The agger was often constructed of alternating layers of sand and gravel paved with large flint nodules, or sandstone, surfaced with smaller flint or sand and gravel. The metalling was generally about 30 cm thick at the centre and had a pronounced camber.

Around Merton Priory, the surface consisted of sub-rounded flints and gravel embedded in sand and silt. Close to Tyrell's Wood and Mickleham Downs, Stane Street consisted of water-washed pebbles laid directly onto the chalk, which are thought to have given this section its local name, 'Pebble Lane'. Near to the Alfoldean station the metalling was constructed from iron slag in a solid 30 cm mass, topped with a double layer of sandstone slats.

Although the actual width of the metalling varies from place to place, the average width of the paved road is 7.4 m, or 25 Roman pedes. This is wider than the average 6.51 m or 22 pedes for Roman roads in Britain.

The distance between the outer ditches also varies and was found to be 12-16 m at Merton Priory and 27 m at Westhampnett.

Posting stations
Posting stations or mansiones were provided at regular intervals (generally every 15 - 20 km) along Roman roads, so that official messengers could change horses and travellers could rest. Typically, they were rectangular fortified sites of about 1 ha. Mansiones have in been identified on Stane Street at Alfoldean and Hardham, each of which was close to a crossing point of the River Arun.

The Alfoldean mansio, which is partly covered by the A29 road, was investigated in 2006 by the Channel 4 archaeological television programme Time Team. Excavations revealed the remains of a two-storey mansio built around a courtyard and also many other buildings. The site was enclosed by massive ramparts and ditches 4 m wide and as deep, which were dated by pottery finds to around 90 AD. The ditches were filled in by the mid-third century. The team's view was that the site had been an administrative and taxation centre for the Wealden iron industry.

A geophysical survey of the Hardham mansio was carried out in 1997, which revealed that the station was roughly square with a total area of 1.4 ha. Much of the western side was destroyed by the construction of the Pulborough to Midhurst railway, but evidence of the north and south gateways, as well as traces of the outer ditches, remain. Cremation burials dating from the late Iron Age and early Romano-British periods have been found both inside and just outside of the enclosure, however, their relationship to the rest of the mansio is unclear. The Hardham station is thought to have become disused by the end of the second century AD.

Given its length, Stane Street would be expected to have had two further mansiones. Stations at Merton Priory and Dorking are considered most likely, based on the distances between them, though the remains would now be hidden under modern development. Alternative sites for the posting stations have also been suggested at Ewell, the Burford Bridge (where the road  crossed the River Mole) and Pixham (where the road is thought to have crossed the Pipp Brook).

London Bridge to Ewell
The northernmost section of Stane Street, from London Bridge to Ewell, is the only part of the road which lies on the direct alignment to the east gate of Chichester, (although the builders made short local deviations to avoid difficult ground conditions). From the start of the route on the south bank of the River Thames, the course is followed by the A3 as far as the northeast corner of Clapham Common and from there by the A24 as far as Ewell.

The site of the Roman London Bridge, at the northern end of Stane Street, is approximately 60 m east of the modern bridge. From there the route heads southwestwards, but between and Elephant & Castle tube stations, it deviates from the direct line to Chichester to run along Newington Causeway, most likely to avoid marshy ground to the east. It then continues southwestwards as Kennington Park Road and Clapham Road. The course of the road around Clapham Common is unclear and it may have remained on the direct alignment (which would have required a descent to run alongside a former tributary of the Thames) or followed a similar route to the A24 along the south side of the Common, which would have allowed it to remain on higher ground.

Stane Street crossed the River Wandle close to the site of Merton Priory. The course of the river has changed since Roman times and the original crossing point (believed to have been a ford, although there may have been a bridge for pedestrians) was close to the site of Colliers Wood tube station. Excavations carried out between 1997 and 1999 showed that the road was approximately 14 m wide and the surface consisted primarily of pebbles compacted into silt and the natural gravel below. Two metal brooches, likely to have been worn by high-status individuals, were among the archaeological artefacts uncovered.

A rare example of a Roman barrow, a circular mound roughly 32 m in diameter and 3.4 m high, survives in Morden Park approximately 350 m west of the road. From Morden, Stane Street passes through Sutton Common and forms the northern boundary of Sutton. The name 'Sutton' is derived from Old English sūth and tūn, meaning "the south enclosure", which may relate to its position in relation to the road. Stane Street runs along the western boundary of Nonsuch Park as it enters Surrey to the northeast of Ewell.

Ewell to the Burford Bridge
From the first to the fourth centuries AD, Ewell was a large Romano-British town. Stane Street approaches from the northeast, leaving the silty clays of the Reading Beds and moving briefly onto the better-draining Thanet Sands. Close to the present Church Street, the road makes a 23° turn to the south, to allow it to reach the Upper Chalk of the North Downs more quickly. It has been suggested that the road bends somewhat more sharply than was strictly necessary, possibly to avoid the Hogsmill Spring, which may have held religious significance for the local British tribes. A second change in alignment occurs where the Epsom to Sutton railway line cuts across the road.

The section from Thirty Acres Barn, Ashtead to Mickleham Downs is well preserved and is listed as a scheduled monument. A 2020 Lidar survey revealed that Stane Street was built across an earlier field system, although it is unclear whether the area was under active cultivation at the time of construction. The considerable evidence of both Bronze Age and Iron Age activity on Mickleham Downs suggests that a pre-existing early trackway was adapted and straightened by the Romans, to create this part of Stane Street.

The confirmed route reaches the southwestern corner of Mickleham Downs close to Juniper Hall Field Centre, but from there south, the course is more uncertain. Stane Street is thought to have taken the same route as the modern B2209, the surface of which has been worn down over centuries of use to produce the sunken lane visible today. The footpath on the western side of the modern road may indicate the extent to which the original Roman road surface has been eroded.

Stane Street crossed the River Mole via a ford close to the site of the modern Burford Bridge. Excavations carried out in 1937 revealed a "flint-surfaced approach to [a] ford at low level having all the signs of Roman workmanship".

The route through Dorking
Although no conclusive evidence for the route has been found in the 5 km 'gap' between the Mole crossing and North Holmwood, Stane Street is thought to have passed through Dorking which was a Romano-British settlement. In the 1960s, the historian Ivan Margary proposed that the road headed directly for the town centre from the Burford Bridge, an alignment that would have taken it beneath the present day Ashcombe School site. However, excavations in the mid-2000s at Westhumble and Denbies Wine Estate failed to find any trace of the road along his proposed route. The current consensus is that this section of Stane Street most likely lies under the A24 dual carriageway.

Excavations in the 1970s and 1980s (in Horsham Road and Church Street respectively) uncovered sections of road in Dorking: however, they could not be conclusively identified as Stane Street. It seems likely that the A2003 follows the general route as it left the town to the south. The confirmed alignment reappears in the south of North Holmwood, close to the junction of the A24 dual carriageway and Spook Hill.

Based on the distance from Alfoldean (some 18.3 km to the town centre), there would be expected to have been a mansio in the Dorking area. Numerous excavations and chance findings along the length of the High Street (from Pump Corner in the west to Pippbrook House in the east) have produced coins, pottery sherds and other items that indicate a Roman presence. There was also a Roman villa nearby at Abinger Hammer. Both Margary and the writer, Hilaire Belloc, proposed that the mansio was located at the western end of the High Street, in the 'triangle' between West Street and South Street. Excavations taking place in 2013, during the rebuilding of the Waitrose supermarket in South Street, failed to produce any significant finds of Roman origin that might support the presence of either a posting station or even Stane Street itself in this area. Alternative sites for the mansio have also been suggested at the Burford Bridge (the 'bur' part of the name is derived from the Old English burh meaning a fortified site, which may reference a guard post or larger encampment defending the ford over the River Mole) and at Pixham (where there may have been a Roman villa).

North Holmwood to Pulborough
As the route of Stane Street leaves Dorking, the underlying geology changes from Lower Greensand to impermeable Weald Clay. From North Holmwood to Ockley (a distance of 5.5 km), the exact route has been confirmed by a series of excavations. Much of this section remains in good condition (albeit buried below ground level), although the upper surface appears to have been removed (presumably to supply stone to local building projects). A large quantity of flints, which do not occur in the Weald Clay, were found in the remaining core. The flint is likely to have been quarried to the north of Dorking and then transported to the site, suggesting that this part of the road was built from north to south.

The Saxon and medieval road from Dorking to the south bypasses this section, by climbing the eastern slopes of Leith Hill as far as Coldharbour, before descending to Ockley. Although the later route is longer, steeper and requires an ascent to an altitude of 225 m, it remains on the freer draining Lower Greensand. It is possible that, once the upper surface of the Roman road had been robbed, the corresponding section of Stane Street (on Weald Clay) was impassable in the wetter months.

A change of direction occurs to the west of South Holmwood, where the road takes up a line sighted from London Bridge to Pulborough. The only significant deviation is at Okewood Hill, where the road loops to the west for around 200 m to cross a small stream at a convenient fording point. The A29, which follows the route through Ockley, also leaves the direct London Bridge-Pulborough alignment at this point, but turns instead to the east. This section of Stane Street is largely flat, with the exception of the hill at Rowhook, 86 m above OD, which the A29 avoids.

Just to the south of the steep descent from Rowhook through Roman Woods, the road crossed the River Arun. Some of the timber piles on which the bridge was built are still present in the river bed. Scattered Roman tiles and squared stone in the river bed show that stone bridge piers were built above the piling. The Alfoldean mansio is some 30 m south of the bridge site. A small, linear settlement grew up alongside the 300 m stretch of road immediately to the south of the posting station.

The 16 km section of the route south from Alfoldean to Pulborough is overlain by the A29. The general alignment is a straight line sighted from Brockham Warren (on Box Hill) to Borough Hill (near North Heath), although the modern road deviates from the original route of Stane Street for short distances, especially around Slinfold. The modern roads also curve away from the straight alignment through Billingshurst, however in this instance, the Roman road is thought to have done the same to accommodate the local topography and ground conditions.

Pulborough to Chichester
Stane Street crossed the River Arun for a second time at Pulborough Bridge. Although the original crossing is lost, a medieval-style bridge was built in 1777 on the same site. The road was laid on top of a 580 m causeway to cross marshy ground on the south side of the river, over which the modern A29 runs as far as Winters Farm.

The Greensand Way Roman road to Lewes joined the road at the Hardham mansio, to the south west of Pulborough. From here Stane Street turns to run straight towards the east gate of Chichester, passing the notable Roman villa at Bignor. It makes a slight detour from the direct line to ascend the escarpment of the South Downs via a spur of chalk at Bignortail Wood. The road is visible as a terrace, cut into the steep hillside, as it climbs towards Bignor Hill.

As the road crosses Gumber Down, the agger narrows to a width of 1 m, although its height often exceeds 1.5 m. The distinctive shape is thought to result from a series of post-Roman reconstructions, which converted Stane Street to a prominent boundary bank. An excavation carried out in 1913, showed that the roadway had previously been much wider and the distance between the outer ditches was measured as 28 m.

Through Eartham Woods where the Monarch's Way long-distance path follows the route, the flint surface of the well-preserved road is exposed and the trees are mostly cut back to the boundary ditches. The A285 joins the route at the western side of Eartham Woods, although it leaves the alignment almost immediately to avoid the ascent of Halnaker Hill, before rejoining again for the final 7 km stretch into Chichester.

It has been suggested that the section of road between Chichester and Hardham was the first part of Stane Street to be constructed and that (based on archaeological finds) the Romans straightened and improved an existing Iron Age trackway.

Branch roads
At least five Roman roads are known to have had junctions with Stane Street. The London to Brighton Way road diverged at Kennington Park, before passing through Croydon, Godstone, Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill to cross the South Downs at Clayton. From Rowhook a road went northwest to Farley Heath at the foot of the North Downs where it passes through a Roman temple site. To the north of Pulborough another road branched off in a southeasterly direction to meet the Greensand Way at Wiggonholt. It is unclear whether it continued beyond this towards Storrington.

The Sussex Greensand Way diverges from Stane Street at the Hardham mansio, following a well-drained sandstone ridge east to Lewes. At Westhampnett, near the Rolls-Royce works, the Roman coastal road, which became the older A27 road, branches at the mini-roundabout. The Roman road continues via Broadwater, Sompting, Lancing (along a road still named The Street) and part of the Old Shoreham Road (the A270) through to Novus Portus (around modern Portslade).

Decline and partial abandonment
The military importance of Stane Street appears to have declined through the second half of the Roman occupation of Britain. The mansio at Hardham is thought to have become disused by the end of the second century AD and the road is absent from the third-century Antonine Itinerary, which indicates that the preferred route from Chichester to London was via Winchester. Nevertheless, Stane Street continued to be an important trade route until at least the early fourth century, and goods transported along the road included pottery from Rowlands Castle.

The extent to which the Anglo-Saxons used and maintained the route reflects the changes in government and economic activity which took place after the end of Roman rule in Britain. Although Londinium had been abandoned as a city by the fifth century, the sphere of influence of its successor, Lundenwick, was sufficiently large to ensure the retention of the stretch of road between Ewell and Southwark. The emergence of Sussex as a political entity, decreased the importance of the north-south roads leading across the Weald to the former Roman capital and so much of the rest of Stane Street was abandoned. The route between Alfoldean and Pulborough, which connects Billingshurst with two crossing points of the River Arun (and is followed by the A29 today), was probably maintained as a local link. Similarly, the 8 km stretch of road to the east of Chichester was a useful route to ascend onto the South Downs (and is followed by the A285 today).

Elsewhere the road was lightly used and was most likely quarried in the decades following the end of Roman rule, to provide stone to for local construction. Particularly where the route ran across Weald Clay, removal of the upper surface probably rendered the road unusable in the wetter months and subsequently all traces were eliminated by ploughing or urban development.

Daniel Defoe (the author of Robinson Crusoe) described the disappearance of Stane Street in his travelogue, A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain (1724–1727), which describes the country shortly before the start of the Industrial Revolution:
 * Likewise the roads in Sussex, and that in particular which was formerly a Roman work, call'd Stony-street or Stone-street: Mr Cambden mentions it as going from Leatherhead to Darking and thro' Darking church-yard, then across a terrible deep country, call'd the Homeward, and so to Petworth and Arundel: But we see nothing of it now; and the country remains in the utmost distress for want of good roads: So also all over the Wild of Kent and Sussex is the same, where corn is cheap at the barn because it cannot be brought in.

Historiography
Although knowledge of Stane Street appears to have continued from Anglo-Saxon times into the early modern period and beyond (as evidenced by a reference in Britannia by William Camden, first published in 1586 ), no systematic studies of the route were carried out until the early 20th century. The writer Hilaire Belloc published The Stane Street: A monograph in 1913, in which he attempted to reconstruct the entirety of the route. Since Belloc was not a trained surveyor, his work on the route to the north of Dorking contained significant inaccuracies, which W. A. Grant (a former captain in the Royal Engineers) attempted to address in his critical review, published in 1922. Excavations carried out by the amateur archaeologist S. E. Winbolt, detailed in his book With a spade on Stane Street, first published in 1936, made a significant contribution to our current understanding and formed the basis of the relevant chapter in Ivan Margary's book Roman Ways in the Weald, published in 1948. Margary number 15 is assigned to the road.

Preservation
Several sections  of Stane Street, including the mansiones at Alfoldean and Hardham, are listed as scheduled monuments.

A 32 m length of Stane Street at Redlands Wood near South Holmwood was restored by the archaeologist S. E. Winbolt in 1935. The section was turfed over to protect it for future generations.

title: Stane Street


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Maha Jana High School

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 16:21, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Maha Jana High School
Stub about a high school in India. Radiant! 12:56, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Should we mention EVERY High School of the world in the WP? No!. --15:39, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: Above vote was left by User:NewAtair. --Andylkl 04:02, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Another contentious High school article. Sigh. Delete. DaveTheRed 17:23, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, 150 years old, notable alumnus Srinivasa Ramanujan, and necessary to the description of its local area. 20:03, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Vote left dated but unsigned by User:Kappa.
 * 150 years isn't old for a high school. For comparison, the high school I went to in Rotterdam is 674 years old. I know USA schools tend to pride themselves on the first five decades, but in most other countries that is nothing special. Radiant! 21:30, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seems perfectly notable to me.--Gene_poole 00:42, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. - SimonP 01:43, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, sorry, universities and higher learning institutions yes but high schools no. Megan1967 03:11, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless someone comes up with something more significant than "someone sort of famous may have once went here, but we're apparently not really sure". -Aranel (" Sarah ") 03:25, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Tygar 03:50, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. "May have attended". No. Gamaliel 04:40, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ramanujan moved from Erode to Kumbakonam when he was eight or nine, so this high school is completely irrelevant to his life. -- Brhaspati (talk, contribs) 04:45, 2005 Mar 2 (UTC)
 * Comment. Yes, after some brief research I found that Ramanujan joined the Town High School in Kumbakonam at age 11, . Even if he had really studied at this Maha Jana High School, he must have done his primary schooling there. The school is therefore not notable. -- Brhaspati (talk, contribs) 04:53, 2005 Mar 2 (UTC)
 * Delete. Although I think Bill Clinton might have visited it.  Or not. Jayjg (talk)  05:35, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into Erode and delete - Skysmith 09:21, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a school, therefore there's no reason to delete. Keep, obviously.--Centauri 10:23, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. High schools are rarely notable.  --BM 14:36, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Most schools are not notable.  Joyous 00:36, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth. GRider\talk 00:51, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No potential to become encyclopedic. BTW our own article on Srinivasa Ramanujan says that "in 1898 he entered the Town High School in Kumbakonam." Dpbsmith (talk) 02:38, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, BEEFSTEW score of 0 once the incorrect third sentence is removed. —Korath (Talk) 08:49, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Merge any useful content to Srinivasa Ramanujan. A school cannot have a separate article because Srinivasa Ramanujan studied there. utcursch | talk 12:36, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * ...I thought it was established that he didn't study there. —Korath (Talk) 15:24, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Right. Therefore there is nothing useful to merge. Jayjg (talk)  18:01, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Notice to reviewing administrator: There was an attempt to vote stack on this article. See GRider's contributions.  Votes beyond this point need to be reviewed carefully and considered carefully. -- AllyUnion (talk) 02:46, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Users must consider all policies and former consensus before commenting for consensus: Please note, Deletion policy, is not the only policy to consider.
 * Votes for deletion/Precedents
 * What Wikipedia is not
 * What's in, what's out

Considerations should also be made to the following as well:
 * Google test
 * Importance

Users should remember that the Wikipedia is not an experiment in democracy. -- AllyUnion (talk) 02:46, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep and expand. --BaronLarf 19:35, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Needs references, though - David Gerard 19:40, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Deletioncruft. Wincoote 19:54, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete the school's one claim to fame seems questionable at best, and he's not exactly a household word anyway. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 19:59, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand Drw25 21:51, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and make room for more BEEFSTEW. RaD Man (talk) 22:45, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. --L33tminion | (talk) 22:52, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, high schools and beyond are inherently encyclopedic (and I shan't get started on all the video game nano-cruft that lurks around here). Wyss 23:03, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Week keep. Needs more info about the school, but has potential to become encyclopedic. --Andylkl 23:38, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Notability not established. Jonathunder 01:02, 2005 Mar 5 (UTC)
 * Neutral for now. It's borderline. I suspect that if someone wants to salvage it, it can be done. What's there now would be no great loss, though. -- Jmabel | Talk 01:41, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Interesting school stub, wikipedia is not paper. --ShaunMacPherson 01:44, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Notable -CunningLinguist 03:00, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. There is no reason we can't have an article on every high school on Earth. --Zero 04:05, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. JuntungWu 12:54, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. high schools are notable RustyCale 13:30, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I think schools are inherently notable. Further, "notability" is not listed in Deletion policy (even though I wish it were, and have tried to include it), so isn't grounds for deletion anyway. Dan100 17:52, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * please keep this Yuckfoo 23:09, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neutralitytalk 23:12, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Should we mention EVERY High School of the world in the WP? Yes. LukeSurl 23:41, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 *  KEEP  all REAL places -RickK^h^h^h^h^h. Schools are inherantly notable and this belongs on Wiki.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 03:47, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: In regards to claims of vote-stacking, their are large amounts of people who beleive well-written articles for schools are inherently notable. Merely bringing an article to someones attention is no more votestacking than providing a link for someone is. If you'll notice, GRider's contributions were far and wide and not concentrated on any bloc or mailing list group. Speaking for myself, I evaluated the article and voted to keep it out of sincere belief that it deserved to be kept and not out of any votestacking motivation. I have faith that the majority of the other voters did as well. Thank you for your time. -CunningLinguist 03:59, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: In defence of GRider, I agree with what CunningLinguist has said. --Andylkl 04:47, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe there was something going that could fairly be called vote-stacking. I don't think this activity helps Wikipedia. But it is an obvious way in which it has always been possible to game the VfD system. It's also nothing new; the members of AIW have never made any secret about their intentions to act as a bloc, and have often publicized school VfD discussions on their page in Meta. I also believe there is absolutely no cure for this than wouldn't be worse than the disease. If I were the acting sysop on this I would count all the votes made by people to whom GRider sent emails, as I don't suspect any of them of being socks. GRider should not be surprised if this sort of activity engenders mistrust on my part, but perhaps he feels he will never have occasion to seek my cooperation. Meanwhile, I intend to continue to read VfD, vote in those discussions where I think I can contribute or have strong feelings, cast my vote, and move on, and I advise others to do the same. Dpbsmith (talk) 23:59, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Incidentally, the whole notion of "consensus" invariably implies the possibility of "tyranny of the minority." It comes with the territory. The Society of Friends was willing to wait something like a century and a half patiently building consensus on the issue of slavery... Dpbsmith (talk) 23:59, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. JeremyA 04:40, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. High schools are not inherently notable. --Carnildo 04:59, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. not notable even if real.--LexCorp 05:09, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep T h e St ev e  07:00, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's a real place, Mark Richards 21:01, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Radiant! makes a compelling point. (The school that I went to is just shy — no-one is completely sure about the founding date — of being 1100 years old at this point.)  Being 150 years old may make a school stand out from the crowd in the United States, but it does not in India. There are hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of schools in the world.   An encyclopaedia is not simply a directory. It contains knowledge, not mere information. To be worthy of an individual article an entity in a crowd of hundreds of thousands or millions has to stand out from that crowd.  For a school, there has to be something more than can be inferred from the fact that it is a school (and thus has all of the acoutrements that that entails, such as enrollment, teachers, songs, crests, buildings, sports teams, and so forth). As Korath points out, this one has nothing. Furthermore: It is both saddening and amusing to see the block votes above.  It's saddening to see identical votes being cast across all of the different articles, giving the impression that the voters have not in fact read the actual articles that they are purporting to be commenting upon.  It's amusing to see the votes being cast in this case, given that this school doesn't actually exist by the name given.  There is a Mahajana Pre-University College in Erode, which has gone by that name since 1971-1972.  But even before that its name was Mahajana Higher Secondary School.  The only Mahajana High School is in Mysore, not Erode. So much for "real places" and the well-researched assertions of notability. Delete. Uncle G 17:50, 2005 Mar 9 (UTC)
 * Please remember to cite your sources so others can verify your research. GRider\talk 18:09, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Wood inlay

I believe the Copyright for the original book may have been in error. This book was published by the City of Chicago Park District, a government department. Can a government department Copyright something? Also, the book is already published on the web without permission.

 * State and City governments in the U.S. can hold copyright (as can governments of many other countries). That other people (apparently) violate the copyright does not mean that we should. --rbrwr±

title: Talk:Wood inlay


text:
User:Freakox8723

Hellooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo!

title: User:Freakox8723


text:
Hönne

The Hönne is a left tributary river to the Ruhr, flowing through the northern Sauerland hills in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The spring of the Hönne is located in the west of Neuenrade at 437m above sea level. After 33 km the river ends near the town of Fröndenberg. The total catchment area of the river is 262 km².

Most notable is the narrow valley between Balve and Menden, where the Hönne has carved 60m deep into Devonian limestone. Several caves are located in the valley, of which the Balver Höhle and the Reckenhöhle are accessible for visitors. When the water level in the river is low, some parts of the valley fall dry as the water flows subterraneously through the Karst rocks. Several of the tributary brooks in that valley also flow subterraneously for some parts of their course.

Caves
Many caves were formed throughout the Hönne. The biggest culture cave in Europe is located in Balve. A cave with flowstone, the Reckenhöhle, is also nearby.

Some experts found signs of cannibalism in the caves (especially the Karhofhöhle) that date from 1000 to 700 BCE.

title: Hönne


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mainspawn

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Carrp | Talk 20:30, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Mainspawn
Musician that is, according to his own website, working on his first album. Radiant! 13:01, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Is there any notable information? Zzyzx11 18:50, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, artist vanity. Megan1967 03:14, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for not meeting the Notability and Music Guidelines. Tuf-Kat 23:24, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:Guy M/Close Up Foundation/Comments

=Comment=

=Praise=

=Preach=

=Criticize=

title: User:Guy M/Close Up Foundation/Comments


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Malen

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. dbenbenn | talk 16:46, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Malen
Warrior who fights Soviets, pirates and cowboys? Huh? Sounds like fanfic, or a character from some RPG somewhere, or maybe from an anime or something. Since he and his army don't google, can anyone inform me what this is about? Radiant! 13:03, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Looks like nonsense to me. Delete. -R. fiend 16:04, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete none of the significant elements in the article come up on Google, so I suspect this is either somebody's fanfic or something, or just nonsense. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 17:05, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well UMovie is Chinese, but I haven't a clue about the remainder. Perhaps it's a Taiwanese Sci-Fi series? Anyway I abstain. :) — RJH 17:39, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Could be an ad for an upcoming movie project, or patent nonsense. Delete. Bezthomas 01:16, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Megan1967 03:13, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Malen


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Malicious Intent

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Carrp | Talk 20:32, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Malicious Intent
Icelandic band that started in 2003 and still hasn't made a record. Radiant! 13:06, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If this band hasn't made a record, then why should it be notable enough to be in Wikipedia? Zzyzx11 18:52, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, band vanity. Megan1967 03:15, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for not meeting the Notability and Music Guidelines. Tuf-Kat 23:25, Mar 2, 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Ochil Hills

The Ochil Hills (Monadh Ochail ) is a range of hills in Scotland north of the Forth valley bordered by the cities of Stirling, Perth and the towns of Alloa, Kinross, and Auchterarder. The only major roads crossing the hills pass through Glen Devon/Glen Eagles and Glenfarg, the latter now largely replaced except for local traffic by the M90 Edinburgh-Perth motorway cutting through the eastern foothills. The hills are part of a Devonian lava extrusion whose appearance today is largely due to the Ochil Fault which results in the southern face of the hills forming an escarpment. The plateau is undulating with no prominent peak, the highest point being Ben Cleuch at 721 m. The south-flowing burns have cut deep ravines including Dollar Glen, Silver Glen and Alva Glen, often only passable with the aid of wooden walkways.

The extent of the Ochils is not well-defined but by some definitions continues to include the hills of north Fife.

Historically, the hills, combined with the town's site at the lowest bridging-point on the River Forth, led to Stirling's importance as a main gateway to the Highlands. They also acted as a boundary with Fife. Castle Campbell was built at the head of Dollar Glen in the late 15th century (an earlier castle on the site had been called "Castle Gloom") mainly as a very visible symbol of the Campbell domination of the area. Sheriffmuir, the site of the 1715 battle of the Jacobite rising, is on the northern slopes of the hills. In the early Industrial Revolution, several mill towns such as Tillicoultry, Alva and Menstrie (the Hillfoots Villages) grew up in the shadow of the Ochils to tap the water power. Some of the mills are open today as museums.

Blairdenon Hill was the site of one of the Beacons of Dissent during the G8 protests in July 2005.

Etymology
The name Ochil, recorded as Okhel in the 13th Century, is of Pictish origin. The name may involve *ogel meaning, "a ridge". It is less likely that the name involves the adjective *uchel meaning "high, tall" (c.f. Welsh uchel).

Geology
The Ochils are formed from a thick wedge of Devonian age volcanic and volcano-sedimentary rocks, rising up from below the lower Old Red Sandstone sedimentary rocks to the north and terminated to the south by the major southerly downthrowing Ochil Fault.

The Ochil Volcanic Formation, a sub-unit of the Arbuthnott-Garvock Group, consists of basaltic andesite and trachyandesite lavas and related rock types erupted during the Early Devonian epoch. Parts of the lower slopes on the northern side around Blackford and Auchterarder are formed from a volcanic conglomerate. It is intruded by numerous dykes of micridiorite of Silurian/Devonian age which form a part of the North Britain Siluro-Devonian Calc-alkaline Dyke Suite. Intrusions of both mafic and felsic character are also found. The whole massif is heavily faulted with some valleys such as Alva Glen and Glen Sherup having been eroded along these lines. Glacial till covers much of the lower ground around and within the range and peat accumulations occur on the plateau surface particularly in the west.

Pictish folklore of the hills
Ancient folklore and historical documentation suggests that the Ochils once were inhabited by the Picts, or at least that a few Pictish settlements existed in the Ochil Hills. Castle Craig, a ruined ancient fort above the village of Mill Glen destroyed by industrial quarrying, was mentioned by local historian William Gibson in 1883 as being "a round Pictish fortress, the traces of which can still be distinctly seen." Old lore also told that some of the stones from the fort of Castle Craig were used in the construction of Stirling Castle, 7+3/4 mi to the west.

Another item of folklore existing in the Ochil Hills is Katie Thirsty's Well, a sacred well shrouded in mythology (OS Grid Reference – NS 81787 97653). Local historians have struggled to discover exactly the identity of "Katie Thirsty", but Pictish researcher Ronald Henderson argues that "the name derives from a corruption of both St. Katherine of Alexandria [Katie] and the Pictish King, Drust or Drustan [Thirsty]." He goes on to say "that the great crags of Dumyat less than a mile to the east is universally credited with being the last Pictish stronghold at the old hillfort there."

Windfarm in the Ochil Hills
An 18-turbine development, approved in June 2006, has been constructed at Green Knowes, south of Auchterarder, north of Glendevon about 400 m north of the Ben Thrush summit. Following approval in early 2007, the construction of a wind farm consisting of thirteen 102 m turbines on Burnfoot Hill, which lies north of Tillicoultry and Ben Cleuch and to the south of the Upper Glendevon Reservoir has been completed. The site consists of fifteen 2 MW and six 2.05 MW turbines with a tip height of 100 m. The windfarm is owned and run by EDF Renewables, who support the work of the Ochils Mountain Rescue Team through the Burnfoot Hill Community Fund with an annual donation of £5,000 guaranteed till 2039.

Ochils Mountain Rescue Team
The Ochil Hills are home to the Ochils Mountain Rescue Team (founded in 1971), a local division of the Mountain Rescue Committee of Scotland. The Ochils Mountain Rescue Team consists of 35 volunteer mountaineers with specialist training who "locate and recover people who find themselves in difficult situations in the outdoors."

List of peaks in the Ochil Hills
In order of height.
 * Ben Cleuch (721 m)
 * Ben Buck (679 m)
 * Andrew Gannel Hill (670 m)
 * Andrew Gannel Hill (south top) (669 m) (Some people mistake this for the summit.)
 * King's Seat Hill (648 m)
 * Tarmangie Hill (645 m)
 * Whitewisp Hill (643 m)
 * King's Seat Hill (south top and cairn) (643 m) (Some people mistake this for the summit.)
 * Whitewisp Hill (south top) (642 m)
 * Whum Hill (640 m)
 * The Law (638 m)
 * Blairdenon Hill (631 m)
 * Ben Ever (622 m)
 * Grodwell Hill (622 m)
 * Blairdenon Hill (SE top) (617 m)
 * Greenforet Hill (613 m)
 * Innerdownie (611 m; the lowest of the 2000 ft summits in the Ochils.)
 * Cairnmorris Hill (606 m)
 * Skythorn Hill (601 m)
 * Mickle Corum (594 m)
 * Bentie Knowe (578 m)
 * Scad Hill (586 m)
 * Craighorn (583 m)
 * Burnfoot Hill (583 m)
 * Alva Moss (566 m)
 * Bengengie Hill (565 m)
 * Wood Hill (558 m)
 * Middle Hill (556 m)
 * Calf Craig (556 m) (between Wood Hill and Ben Ever)
 * Middle Hill (NE top) (554 m)
 * Colsnaur Hill (553 m)
 * Menstrie Moss (north top) (546 m)
 * Colsnaur Hill (north top (546 m)
 * Menstrie Moss (south top) (545 m)
 * Core Hill (543 m)
 * Mid Cairn (542 m) (the highest point of Craig Leith - not named on OS Maps*)
 * Sauchanwood Hill (541 m)
 * Menstrie Moss (west top) (541 m)
 * Unnamed top between Elistoun Hill and Andrew Gannel Hill (529 m)
 * Burnfoot Hill (north top) (526 m)
 * Rough Knowes (526 m)
 * Saddle Hill (522 m)
 * Big Hunt Hill (520 m)
 * Little Corum (520 m)
 * Ben Shee (516 m)
 * Craig Elsie (Craig Leith's south cairn) (511 m)
 * Kidlaw Hill (510 m)
 * Wether Hill (503 m)
 * Frandy Moss (500 m)
 * Innerdouny Hill (497 m)
 * Elistoun Hill (497 m)
 * Craigentaggert Hill (493 m)
 * Scadlaw (488 m)
 * Steele's Knowe (485 m)
 * John's Hill (483 m)
 * Sim's Hill (483 m)
 * Glentye Hill (481 m)
 * Green Law (481 m)
 * Berry Hill (East) (480 m)
 * Mellock Hill (479 m)
 * Eastbow Hill (476 m)
 * Corb Law (475 m)
 * East Craig (473 m)
 * Green Knowes (473 m)
 * Commonedge Hill (468 m)
 * Glenquey Hill (466 m)
 * Carlownie Hill (465 m)
 * Rowan Tree Craig (460 m)
 * Ben Thrush (456 m)
 * Lendrick Hill (456 m)
 * Unnamed top between Big Hunt Hill and Brown Hill (453 m)
 * Big Torry (452 m) (Wee Torry is marked as a peak, but widely considered to simply be the southern face of Big Torry)
 * The Nebit (449 m)
 * Long Craig (448 m)
 * Black Creich Hill (443 m)
 * Little Law (443 m)
 * Hillfoot Hill (442 m)
 * Seamab Hill (439 m)
 * Unnamed top WSW of Colsnaur Hill (438 m)
 * White Creich Hill (436 m)
 * Little Hunt Hill (431 m)
 * The Seat (429 m)
 * Kinpauch Hill (426 m)
 * Lamb Hill (422 m)
 * Brown Hill (419 m)
 * Dumyat (418 m)
 * Loss Hill (417 m)
 * Unnamed top SSW of Tambeth (414 m)
 * Unnamed top between Loss Hill and Brown Hill (413 m)
 * Bald Hill (412 m)
 * Common Hill (412 m)
 * Kames (412 m)
 * Craig Rossie (410 m)
 * Carmodle (408 m)
 * Cock Law (408 m)
 * Burnt Hill (405 m)
 * The Law (404 m)
 * Muckle Law Hill (400 m)
 * Banks of Dollar (398 m)
 * Wee Torry (circa 397 m)
 * Castleton Hill (396 m)
 * Tam Beth (391 m)
 * Cleuch Hill (390 m)
 * Hillkitty (390 m)
 * Myreton Hill (387 m)
 * Unnamed top SW of Colsnaur Hill (382 m)
 * Castle Law (374 m)
 * Knock Wood (367 m)
 * Dochrie Hill (366 m)
 * Down Hill (361 m)
 * Black Hill (East) (357 m)
 * Bank Hill (346 m)
 * Cloon (346 m)
 * Black Maller (336 m)
 * Ashentrool (334 m)
 * Unnamed top between Ashentrool and Loss Hill (333 m)
 * Tillyrie Hill (332 m)
 * Braughty Hill (325 m)
 * Rossie Law (324 m)
 * Culteuchar Hill (313 m)
 * Whitehill Head (307 m)
 * Arlick Hill (307 m)
 * Coul Hill (306 m)
 * Montalt Hill (300 m)
 * Glenearn Hill (300 m)
 * Norman's Law (285 m)
 * Cairnie Hill (228 m)
 * Black Hill (West) (226 m)
 * Mount Hill (221 m)
 * Lucklawhill (190 m)
 * White Hill (160 m)

Black Hill (North-West) near Sherrifmuir is marked on OS Maps as “Black Hill", but has no distinguishable peak or summit, more of a slop leading onto Glentye Hill. Marked as 350 metres.
 * Notes on "List of peaks in the Ochil Hills"

Peat Hill, Lamb Hill, and Gled's Nose are a selection of “hills” marked on OS Maps near NN 9768 0247. These hills have no distinguishable summit, disqualifying them as “peaks” in the Ochils, but rather they lead onto Glenquey Hill and Innerdownie respectively.

Berry Hill and The Shank (near NN 9591 0456) are marked as hills on OS maps, but fail to have distinguishable peaks. Rather, they lead onto the peak of Ben Shee.

The nn-named hill between Big Hunt Hill and Brown Hill (453 m) has three lower tops at 422m, 415m and 417m.

title: Ochil Hills


text:
Talk:Vitiligo

Andy Warhol?
Did Andy Warhol have this condition?

transplants of melanocytes to cure vitiligo
Hi success with transplantation of melanocytes something new in 2004??? This was possible already 1987 please check the litterature: 1: J Invest Dermatol. 1987 Sep;89(3):219-24.

% of people with Vitiligo
The article is contradictory. It says "The population incidence is thought to be 1-2%" Then it goes on to say "It is a very rare disease/rare condition affecting 1 in 2000 people". The two statements don't add up. Generally, what I have seen is ~1% of the population has it. But I don't know of any reliable data to back that up.

Why depigment?
Wouldn't it be easier and more aesthetic to simply dye yourself all over? I mean, if I was born black and suddenly my color shifted and I had to pick one or the other, I (well, I'd pick patchy, it looks cool) would definitely choose black over white..

It's harder than simply "dyeing yourself" the point is that the melanin can't maintain color anymore. Tatoo's don't work either, they tend to jsut agrivate the area then the vitiligo will spread around the tattoo.

P.T. Barnum
P.T. Barnum exhibited "Negroes turning white" in his circus.

White leprosy
In India this condition is known as "white leprosy." http://www.yogavanahill.com/diseases/white-leprosy van Lustig (talk) 06:13, 17 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Vitiligo


text:
Cobweb Bridge

The Cobweb Bridge, also known as Spider Bridge, is located in the city centre of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, near the disused Sheffield Victoria railway station. Completed in 2002, its design solves a difficult problem: passing the riverside cycle- and footpath (the Five Weirs Walk) under the massive Wicker Arches viaduct while linking one bank of the River Don to the other. Without the Cobweb Bridge, the footpath would have had to make a one-mile detour.

Designed by Sheffield City Council's Structures Section, the entire 100 m long bridge is suspended on a web of steel cables secured to the underside of the viaduct, hence the name. Completing the theme, large steel likenesses of spiders conceal the overhead lighting.

While the bridge has been prone to vandalism in the past (the wires forming the parapet having been stolen more than once), the bridge was repaired in 2015 to reduce the risk of future vandalism. The newly restored bridge no longer uses wires in the parapet, having been replaced with metal plates with spiderweb designs.

title: Cobweb Bridge


text:
Template:Thanks

Hello, and thank you for ! If you are interested in continuing to edit, I suggest you make an account to gain a bunch of privileges. Happy editing!

title: Template:Thanks


text:
Talk:HMS Temeraire

Name?
Isn't it meant to be HMS Téméraire, not HMS Temeraire?

James F. (talk) 13:16, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * That's a really good question. A random sampling of my navy books seems to suggest that accents are dropped as part of coming into the RN, and it makes sense given the audience (non-French-speaking sailors, for instance), but I don't have anything that that says that in so many words. Stan 14:08, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

name Origin?
Pardon my lack of French. What does the name mean? Paul, in Saudi (talk) 17:02, 10 April 2009 (UTC)
 * The French Téméraire translates roughly to 'bold', as I understand it. Benea (talk) 17:06, 10 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:HMS Temeraire


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Margaret Dolan

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Deathphoenix 16:45, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Margaret Dolan
Wikipedia is not the Guinness Book of Records. Radiant! 13:19, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. -R. fiend 16:06, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect as below. Delete. She slips under my bar of notability by quite a bit, I fear. HyperZonktalk 16:50, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into the National longevity recordholders page. I can see no reason why Wikipedia shouldn't include information comparable to the Guinness Book of Records. It's all notable. — RJH 17:29, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Because most if it is trivia, and that's the opposite of notability. I think that many Guinness entries deserve a note in the appropriate article, but few of them deserve entries of their own. Radiant! 19:42, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * I can see a case for consolidation for certain notable facts of this nature, rather than deletion to save a few electrons. RJH 18:32, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I have merged this, do we want a delete or a redirect? HyperZonktalk 17:54, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect would be appropriate, I'd say. Radiant! 19:42, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect works for me. DaveTheRed 03:13, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to National longevity recordholders . Keep. Megan1967 03:16, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep—the oldest known person in a country's history, if that's what this woman is, is inherently notable in her own right. Everyking 04:23, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I think this is also very notable. If Wikipedia is not the Guinness Book of Records, we might as well delete Robert Wadlow, too. Mike H 04:25, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Antandrus 04:29, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * (Keep or merge), since it's been merged may as well just redirect Kappa 11:05, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect, but only as a formality - I suspect that no-one will ever search for 'Margaret Dolan'; rather, they will search for 'oldest woman' or something along those lines. The Guiness Book of Records-style categorised organisational structure isn't very compatible with Wikipedia's atom-based approach. More pertinently, was she Ireland's oldest woman? These four links    seem to be the only ones that mention her, and the third (posted in 2003, which mentions her having her 111th birthday on 'Wednesday 28th') suggests that she was actually 112 when she died. Are there pictures, more reputable sources, a photograph of the grave, something actually from the Guiness Book of Records? -Ashley Pomeroy 17:53, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marion Rudy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. This has already been done:

 * 15:31, 11 Mar 2005 Quadell deleted Marion Rudy (Listed on WP:CP since March 2.)

Deathphoenix 16:53, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Marion Rudy
Former engineer that holds three patents. Radiant! 13:21, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete'. Looks like vanity. Not every person to invent something is notable. -R. fiend 16:07, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I'd consider Nike Air sneakers a notable invention. His full name should be Marion Frank Rudy. — RJH 17:17, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but with reservations. Article needs expansion. Megan1967 03:17, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Its a copyvio. I don't think that a few patents for sneaker design makes someone notable, perhaps he could be mentioned in the Nike Air Article, merge--nixie 04:39, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Given that it is a copyvio, delete if a temp file isn't written. However, given the prevalence of the product it would warrant a keep if a decent version is written. Capitalistroadster 09:43, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * If that's all there is to say about him, I'd have to argue for delete even of a non-copyvio version. However, a mention in the Nike Air article would be welcome.  Rossami (talk) 23:37, 2 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I would agree, if we had a Nike Air article, but it seems all we have is a brief mention of the shoe in the Nike, Inc. article, which is really all it needs, I'd imagine. There are millions of inventions, and most of their inventors are not encyclopedic. -R. fiend 15:19, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wicker Arches

Wicker Arches form a 660 yd long railway viaduct across the Don Valley in the City of Sheffield, England. They take their name from the thoroughfare Wicker, which passes through the main arch of the viaduct and was, until the completion of the Sheffield Parkway, the main route eastwards from the city to the M1. It is a Grade II* listed structure.

History
The viaduct was built in 1848 to extend the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway from its previous terminus at Bridgehouses. The requirements were laid down by Sir John Fowler (engineer and designer of the Forth Bridge), but because of its prominent position in the city, he employed a firm of architects, Weightman, Hadfield and Goldie, to manage the detailed design. The design was then constructed by Miller, Blackie and Shortridge, and consisted of 41 arches. The arch which crosses the Wicker provides 30 ft of headroom and spans 72 ft. On either side are smaller arches around 12 ft high, with heraldic decoration in the stonework above them. Many of the arches are now concealed by buildings. The structure is officially named the Sheffield Victoria Viaduct, and has in the past been called the Wicker Viaduct. Later a part of the Great Central Railway, the viaduct supported Sheffield Victoria Station. Main line rail passenger services crossing the Wicker Arches ceased in January 1970 with the closure of Sheffield Victoria and its service to Manchester, but the viaduct still carried the local services to Huddersfield via Penistone until they too were diverted, via Barnsley, in the 1980s. The only other passenger services to cross the bridge thereafter were football excursion trains to Wadsley Bridge for matches played at Sheffield Wednesday's Hillsborough ground. This traffic ceased in 1996.

The Victoria station buildings and platforms were demolished in 1989; however, freight services continue to use the, now single, line across the viaduct to reach the Stocksbridge Steel works. The arches were restored in 1990 and are a Grade II* listed building. They were added to the Buildings at Risk Register in 2007.

In 2002, the Cobweb Bridge was suspended underneath the viaduct to allow the construction of the Five Weirs Walk.

In spring 2006, the two westernmost arches and the bridge over Brunswick Road were removed and replaced by a single steel span in connection to the building of the final phase of Sheffield's Inner Ring Road.

The central arch was hit by an unexploded bomb during the Second World War but did not collapse and was repaired. The repair can still be seen today when going under the central arch away from the city centre. It is on the left-hand side of the arch.

The Sheffield University Rag Magazine Twikker is named after The Wicker, and its 1991 cover featured the Wicker Arches.

title: Wicker Arches


text:
Wake-on-ring

Wake-on-Ring (WOR), sometimes referred to as Wake-on-Modem (WOM), is a specification that allows supported computers and devices to "wake up" or turn on from a sleeping, hibernating or "soft off" state (e.g.  ACPI state G1 or G2), and begin operation.

The basic premise is that a special signal is sent over phone lines to the computer through its dial-up modem, telling it to fully power-on and begin operation. Common uses were archive databases and BBSes, although hobbyist use was significant.

Fax machines use a similar system, in which they are mostly idle until receiving an incoming fax signal, which spurs operation.

This style of remote operation has mostly been supplanted by Wake-on-LAN, which is newer but works in much the same way.

Additional resources

 * "Wake on Modem" entry from Smart Computing Encyclopedia

title: Wake-on-ring


text:
Régine Chassagne

Régine Alexandra Chassagne (born 19 August 1976) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, musician, and multi-instrumentalist, and is a member of the band Arcade Fire. She is married to co-founder Win Butler.

Early life and career
Régine Alexandra Chassagne was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and grew up in St-Lambert, a suburb south of Montreal. Her parents, who were Haitians of mixed French and African descent, moved from Haiti during the dictatorship of François Duvalier, which is alluded to in the Arcade Fire song "Haïti", in which she sings, Mes cousins jamais nés hantent les nuits de Duvalier ("My unborn cousins haunt Duvalier's nights"). The line is in reference to the relatives who were killed during the Jérémie Vespers massacre.

Chassagne attended Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf before earning a B.A. in communication studies at Concordia University in 1998, and went on to study jazz voice briefly at McGill University. She was singing jazz at an art opening at Concordia in 2000, when Win Butler met her and persuaded her to join his band. They married in 2003. Ten years later, their son was born on 21 April 2013.

Chassagne has also been involved with a medieval-themed band called Les Jongleurs de la Mandragore and with Jimmy Rouleau in the jazz duo Azúcar. She also wrote the music for the two-minute David Uloth short film "The Shine", and she contributed to the UNICEF benefit project as part of the North American Hallowe'en Prevention Initiative, performing the song "Do They Know It's Hallowe'en?" along with Win Butler.

She plays many instruments on stage, including accordion, drums, xylophone, hurdy-gurdy, keyboards, organ and guitar. In Arcade Fire, Chassagne performs lead vocals on some songs, including "Haiti", "In the Backseat", "Black Wave/Bad Vibrations", "Empty Room", "Abraham's Daughter", "Sprawl II (Mountains Beyond Mountains)", "Creature Comfort", "Electric Blue", and "Unconditional II (Race and Religion)".

In March 2015, Chassagne, along with Win Butler, attended the launch of music streaming service Tidal, and revealed themselves, along with other notable artists, as shareholders in the company.

Personal life
Chassagne has been married to fellow Arcade Fire member Win Butler since 2003. They had a son in April 2013.

title: Régine Chassagne


text:
User talk:SHIN0816

Welcome!

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text: User talk:132.5.72.9

title: User talk:132.5.72.9


text:
Talk:Potez 630

This article received the WikiWings award for February 2005 --Rlandmann 13:34, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

article structure
I think this article should be split in three parts:

1) Potez 630 (also covering 631 and other fighter projects) 2) Potez 633 (and other bomber projects) 3) Potez 63.11 (also covering 637 and other recon variants).

These three categories have almost entirely different operational careers, and were never mixed within units, so it's rather natural. Objections?

PpPachy 22:01, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I'd keep a common design/development section but the three variants could be discussed separately in Operational History. - Emt147 Burninate!  23:35, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

 * How about entirely different articles? The common development section could be covered in the 630/631 article. PpPachy 13:52, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

 * IMHO different articles are good idea. Piotr Mikołajski 16:54, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

I've dropped this article down one level for lack of inline citations.--Sturmvogel 66 (talk) 21:45, 17 November 2009 (UTC)

Surviving aircraft
Are there any surviving examples of this aircraft? PrussianOwl (talk) 07:18, 5 January 2020 (UTC)
 * No, but there is a replica 63-11 being built (perhaps finished by now), in the US based at least partially on original blueprints. - NiD.29 (talk) 22:03, 6 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Potez 630