text:
Indroda Dinosaur and Fossil Park

The Indroda Dinosaur and Fossil Park in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India, is a park that houses fossilized remains and petrified eggs of dinosaurs. It is a man-made fossil park and not the actual nesting grounds where the dinosaurs lived. The eggs and fossils on display here are from the world's 3rd-largest dinosaur fossil excavation site and 2nd-largest hatchery at Raiyoli, Balasinor, Gujarat. The Park was set up by the Geological Survey of India and is the only dinosaur museum in the country.

History
In 1970, the Forest Department of the Gujarat Government began its planting and restoration efforts. The park, also known as India's Jurassic Park, is 428 hectares in size and contains sections such as the dinosaur section, fossil section, etc. Now, the park is managed by the Gujarat Ecological and Research Foundation (GEER).

The oldest record of dinosaur bone fossils is of middle Jurassic period, and they are found from Patcham formation of Kutch basin. The fossils which were found in Upper Cretaceous formations in the region date back 66 million years. The eggs are of different sizes, some the size of cannonballs. Fossil trackways of these gargantuan animals are also on display in the park.

Dinosaurs that are on display include Tyrannosaurus rex, Megalosaurus, Titanosaurus, Barapasaurus, Brachiosaurus, Antarctosaurus, Stegosaurus and Iguanodon. The park displays life-size models of the dinosaurs along with details of each period in which they existed and the characteristics of the animals.

The fossils were found in the Songhir Bagh Basin, the Himatnagar basin of Balasinor, south-eastern parts of Kheda, Panchmahal and Vadodara districts of the state.

title: Indroda Dinosaur and Fossil Park


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shivrajan Ramgopaulsingh

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 09:01, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Shivrajan Ramgopaulsingh
An anon copied this information from the Bharrat Jagdeo page and created this page. (The anon also added Shivrajan Ramgopaulsingh as the current President of Guyana on the Guyana page). Nonsense page. Guettarda 19:11, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Delete duplicate information. --Deathphoenix 20:00, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as soon as possible. All of the article's assertions are factually incorrect. Though I do hate Jagdeo's government, he has not resigned yet. --Sesel 00:29, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, duplicate information, possible hoax. Megan1967 00:39, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text: User talk:205.155.216.6

title: User talk:205.155.216.6


text:
User talk:Hotspur

Welcome!

Regarding Zacharie Cloutier there is no method to list the genealogy of the individuals who are his decendents. That would show the relationship and the legitimacy. If it can be added I do not know how.

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Cheers, -- Infrogmation 19:12, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Studebaker Starlight
Hi Hotspur-

Thanks for the note about your contributions to the Studebaker Starlight article. I've moved your question and the answer to my user talk page (discussion tab) which is the best place for comments, questions and concerns. In a nutshell, though, I used a lot of your facts in the rewrite, but I tried to focus the article more on the Starlight itself in order to keep the article from straying from the focus. Could I suggest that you include your prewar history on the postwar models on the overall Studebaker page instead? I really think that it would add something to that article, and the overall Studebaker article really doesn't touch on the Starlight at all. Could you take a good picture of the Starlight you said that you own and upload it in order to illustrate the article itself? user: stude62 user talk:stude62 21:38, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The ways of Wikipedia
Hotspur- I've read your conversation with User:stude62 and want to urge you to stay with the Wikipedia.

I took a look at your earlier version of the Starlight Coupe page and I think I understand why you're angry about stude62's edits. The prose that you've presented is relevant, well-written, and informative. It makes an excellent standalone article.

As I see it, the later edits to the article did primarily three different things:
 * 1) highlight the important facts and make them easily accessible to a reader who is unlikely to process the entire article in depth,
 * 2) restructure the article to accomodate these changes, and
 * 3) edit (or remove) sections of text that represented opinion or statements made from a non-neutral point of view.

I've found that this last point is what upsets new authors most. Wikipedia really is like an encyclopedia: it's a collection of facts and is free of the author's opinion and prejuidice. That doesn't mean that opinion isn't important—on the contrary, it's what defines a lot of what's in here—but the Wikipedia isn't meant to be a first source for opinion.

I discovered something when some of my first edits (upon which I had spent a good deal of time and effort) got blasted apart: the original text always somehow influences whatever it's been replaced by. A good deal of your points on the Studebaker article wouldn't have been covered in the current version if you hadn't written them there in the first place.

You're free to contact me (or anyone else here, really) or respond directly on this page. I originally found the What Wikipedia is not page to be very helpful in explaining the expectations that content is evaluated and edited against.

Cheers --Milkmandan 05:48, 2005 Feb 4 (UTC)

user: Stude62
Feel free to add your comments about the user if you want at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Stude62

There are other people who have had problems with him and haven't resolved it. Thanks.
 * [Above text is by Patnaik, who forgot to sign. jni 11:30, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC) ]

 * Note that I just moved the page referenced above to correct location: Requests for comment/Stude62 jni 11:30, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)

User Categorisation
You were listed on the Wikipedia:Wikipedians/Canada page as living in or being associated with Alberta. As part of the User categorisation project, these lists are being replaced with user categories. If you would like to add yourself to the category that is replacing the page, please visit Category:Wikipedians in Alberta for instructions.--Rmky87 22:54, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:51stude.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:51stude.jpg. The image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the image qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. -- Carnildo 08:50, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for August 23
Hi. When you recently edited Jay Nelson, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page ABC (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:01, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for August 30
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited HMCS York, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Bob Stewart (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:08, 30 August 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 24
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Tracy Keenan Wynn, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page The Longest Yard (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 08:52, 24 March 2014 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for February 24
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited John Hemphill (actor and writer), you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages SCTV and Second City. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:01, 24 February 2015 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for April 30
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Sandy Elliot, you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages Chatham and Oil Springs. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:22, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Ou reau ha re

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, introducing inappropriate pages, such as Ou reau ha re, is not in accordance with our policies. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Under section G3 of the criteria for speedy deletion, the page has been nominated for deletion.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Zeke Essiestudy (talk) 21:59, 30 September 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Ou reau ha re

The article Ou reau ha re has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * No evidence for notability - no sources provided, no ghits.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on |the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Pam D  08:15, 1 October 2015 (UTC)

 * You say "There is very little on this person to research. There is a true heroes comic published in the U.S. during World War II. Very important but almost nothing on the internet. May have changed the course of history in North America.", but you have not given any sources to show where you found the information about him. Also, please write in complete sentences. Thanks. Pam  D  08:18, 1 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Per your comment on my talk page, looks like you now have a reliable source! This even though several other editors looked and couldn't find one. So please feel free to repost an article. Per the source, it looks like it should be under the title Ourehouare rather than what you had posted before, Ou reau ha re (maybe the spelling difference is *why* nobody could find a source). NawlinWiki (talk) 16:44, 6 October 2015 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Ou reau ha re

A tag has been placed on Ou reau ha re requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A11 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about something invented/coined/discovered by the article's creator or someone they know personally, and it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the deleting administrator. 54321Mark (talk) 20:16, 16 October 2015 (UTC)
 * The article is obviously about a real person, so I have removed the speedy deletion tag. Could you give some references and try to work on the article a little more? I have added some Google Books links I found to the talk page, but don't have time to do any further research right now. Happy editing, —Kusma (t·c) 20:35, 16 October 2015 (UTC)
 * Also, I think the article should be moved to Ourehouare. Unless you tell me why not, I'll do that tomorrow. —Kusma (t·c) 20:36, 16 October 2015 (UTC)

I've moved it, before coming here and reading the above, and have standardised use throughout the text too. Have also made redirects from all the alternative versions of the name, and tidied up the refs. But it neds footnotes - tell us which sources support which statements. Pam D  23:23, 16 October 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:55, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Norman Names
I cannot find a listing or explanation of Norman names in the English culture. It is fascinating that most do not realize that many English names are originally French coming from the Norman conquest. They either make a big deal of it as with Disney or are oblivious of it as with a hundred other names that are considered English - Palmer, Trotter, Henry, Dalton, Darcy etc. It also played a major plot development in Tess of the d'Urbervilles. (She being a Darbyfield - a corruption of the original name)

I am concerned it is hidden somewhere and I just cannot find it and I do not want to start a category that is somewhere else. Is it?

Disambiguation link notification for March 11
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that you've added some links pointing to disambiguation pages. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

 * English Surnames of Norman Origin
 * added links pointing to French, Scottish, The Grand Alliance and Berkeley

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:55, 11 March 2017 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 21
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited English Surnames of Norman Origin, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Scandinavian. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:55, 21 March 2017 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of John Hemphill (actor)

The article John Hemphill (actor) has been proposed for deletion because it appears to have no references. Under Wikipedia policy, this biography of a living person will be deleted after seven days unless it has at least one reference to a reliable source that directly supports material in the article.

If you created the article, please don't be offended. Instead, consider improving the article. For help on inserting references, see Referencing for beginners, or ask at the help desk. Once you have provided at least one reliable source, you may remove the prod blp/dated tag. Please do not remove the tag unless the article is sourced. If you cannot provide such a source within seven days, the article may be deleted, but you can when you are ready to add one. Boleyn (talk) 16:47, 15 July 2017 (UTC)

Nomination of John Hemphill (actor) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article John Hemphill (actor) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/John Hemphill (actor) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Boleyn (talk) 15:47, 16 July 2017 (UTC)

Nomination of English surnames of Norman origin for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article English surnames of Norman origin is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/English surnames of Norman origin until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. pseudonym Jake Brockman talk 08:55, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for October 15
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Fairmont Hot Springs, British Columbia, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Edgewater ([//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/Fairmont_Hot_Springs%2C_British_Columbia check to confirm] | [//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/Fairmont_Hot_Springs%2C_British_Columbia?client=notify fix with Dab solver]). Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:13, 15 October 2018 (UTC)

Julia Anne Robinson moved to draftspace
An article you recently created, Julia Anne Robinson, does not have enough sources and citations as written to remain published. It needs more citations from reliable, independent sources. (?) Information that can't be referenced should be removed (verifiability is of central importance on Wikipedia). I've moved your draft to draftspace (with a prefix of " " before the article title) where you can incubate the article with minimal disruption. When you feel the article meets Wikipedia's general notability guideline and thus is ready for mainspace, please click on the "Submit your draft for review!" button at the top of the page. John B123 (talk) 20:36, 30 October 2020 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 26
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Larry Uteck, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page St. Michael's College. Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 06:10, 26 March 2021 (UTC)

Concern regarding Draft:Julia Anne Robinson
Hello, Hotspur. This is a bot-delivered message letting you know that Draft:Julia Anne Robinson, a page you created, has not been edited in at least 5 months. Draft space is not an indefinite storage location for content that is not appropriate for article space.

If your submission is not edited soon, it could be nominated for deletion under CSD G13. If you would like to attempt to save it, you will need to improve it. You may request userfication of the content if it meets requirements.

If the deletion has already occured, instructions on how you may be able to retrieve it are available here.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia. FireflyBot (talk) 21:04, 1 April 2021 (UTC)

Your draft article, Draft:Julia Anne Robinson

Hello, Hotspur. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "Julia Anne Robinson".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been nominated for deletion. If you plan on working on it further, or editing it to address the issues raised if it was declined, simply and remove the, , or  code.

If your submission has already been deleted by the time you get there, and you wish to retrieve it, you can request its undeletion by following the instructions at this link. An administrator will, in most cases, restore the submission so you can continue to work on it.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia! CommanderWaterford (talk) 21:41, 30 April 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hotspur


text:
Human rights in Myanmar

Human rights in Myanmar under its military regime have long been regarded as among the worst in the world. In 2022, Freedom House rated Myanmar’s human rights at 9 out 100 (not free).

Overview
International human rights organisations including Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science have repeatedly documented and condemned widespread human rights violations in Myanmar. The Freedom in the World 2011 report by Freedom House notes that "The military junta has... suppressed nearly all basic rights; and committed human rights abuses with impunity." In 2011 the "country's more than 2,100 political prisoners included about 429 members of the NLD, the victors in the 1990 elections." As of July 2013, according to the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners, there were about 100 political prisoners in Burmese prisons.

On 9 November 2012, Samantha Power, US President Barack Obama's Special Assistant to the President on Human Rights, wrote on the White House Blog in advance of the President's visit that "Serious human rights abuses against civilians in several regions continue, including against women and children." The United Nations General Assembly has repeatedly called on the former Burmese military governments to respect human rights and in November 2009 the General Assembly adopted a resolution "strongly condemning the ongoing systematic violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms" and calling on the then-ruling Burmese military junta "to take urgent measures to put an end to violations of international human rights and humanitarian law."

Forced labour, human trafficking and child labour are common. The Burmese military junta is also notorious for rampant use of sexual violence as an instrument of control, including allegations of systematic rapes and taking of sex slaves by the military, a practice which continued in 2012.

In March 2017, a three-member committee in the United Nations Human Rights Council ran a fact finding mission. This mission was aimed to "establish the facts and circumstances of the alleged recent human rights violations by military and security forces, and abuses, in Myanmar … with a view to ensuring full accountability for perpetrators and justice for victims".

Unfortunately, the government of Myanmar did not work with the Fact Finding Mission (FFM). They neither allow the UN special rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar into the country. What the Fact-Finding Mission found and announced was that security forces in Myanmar committed serious violations of international law "that warrant criminal investigation and prosecution", namely crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide.

In response to these claims, the Myanmar Government has taken the position that the work of the FFM has been irresponsible and unconstructive. In September 2019, for example, U Kyaw Moe Tun, Myanmar Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva, provided comments during a Session of the Human Rights Council in Geneva. U Kyaw Moe Tun said that the "People of Myanmar, who used to stand with the UN in their long struggle for democracy and human rights, are increasingly disappointed with the less than objective stand taken by some elements of the UN with respect to Myanmar."

Freedom of religion, minority rights, and internal conflict
Evidence has been gathered which suggests that the Burmese regime has marked certain ethnic minorities such as the Karen, Karenni and Shan for extermination or 'Burmisation'. This, however, has received little attention from the international community since it has been more subtle and indirect than the mass killings which occurred in places like Rwanda. According to Amnesty International, the Muslim Rohingya people have continued to suffer human rights violations under the rule of the junta which has ruled Burma since 1978, and many of them have fled to neighbouring Bangladesh as a result Violence against Christian communities such as the Kachin has also flared since fighting restarted in June 2011 in the 2011–2012 Kachin Conflict.

On 21 March 2022, in the 49th session of United Nations Human Rights Council Michelle Bachelet stated that the systematic brutality by security forces known as the Tatmadaw has inflamed pre-existing armed conflicts in multiple ethnic states. Amidst a “profound crisis” facing access to basic human rights in Myanmar following the coup in February 2021, hundreds of localized armed resistance groups have now formed across the country, triggering “widespread violence in areas that were previously stable”.

In 2022, Freedom House rated Myanmar's religious freedom as 1 out of 4, noting that the constitution provides for freedom of religion and recognises Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and animism. However, some anti-Muslim hate speech and discrimination has been amplified by social media, state institutions and mainstream news websites.

Persecution of Muslims
The Muslim Rohingya have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime which has refused to acknowledge them as citizens (despite generations of habitation in the country) and attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them. This policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the Rohingya population from Burma. An estimated 90,000 people have been displaced in the recent sectarian violence between Rohingya Muslims and Buddhists in Burma's western Rakhine State. As a result of this policy Rohingya people have been described as "among the world’s least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities".

Since a 1982 citizenship law Rohingya have been stripped of their Burmese citizenship. In 2012, a riot broke out between ethnic Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims, which left 78 people dead, 87 injured, and thousands of homes destroyed. It also displaced more than 52,000 people. As of July 2012, the Myanmar Government did not include the Rohingya minority group–-classified as stateless Bengali Muslims from Bangladesh since 1982—on the government's list of more than 130 ethnic races and therefore the government says that they have no claim to Myanmar citizenship.

2012 Rakhine State riots
The 2012 Rakhine State riots are a series of ongoing conflicts between Rohingya Muslims and ethnic Rakhine in northern Rakhine State, Myanmar. The riots came after weeks of sectarian disputes and have been condemned by most people on both sides of the conflict.

The immediate cause of the riots is unclear, with many commentators citing the killing of ten Burmese Muslims by ethnic Rakhine after the rape and murder of a 13 years old Rakhine girl by Burmese Muslims as the main cause. Whole villages have been "decimated". Over three hundred houses and a number of public buildings have been razed. According to Tun Khin, the President of the Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (BROUK), as of 28 June 650 Rohingyas have been killed, 1,200 are missing, and more than 80,000 have been displaced. According to the Myanmar authorities, the violence, between ethnic Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims, left 78 people dead, 87 injured, and thousands of homes destroyed. It also displaced more than 52,000 people.

The government has responded by imposing curfews and by deploying troops in the regions. On 10 June, state of emergency was declared in Rakhine, allowing military to participate in administration of the region. The Burmese army and police have been accused of targeting Rohingya Muslims through mass arrests and arbitrary violence. A number of monks' organisations that played vital role in Burma's struggle for democracy have taken measures to block any humanitarian assistance to the Rohingya community.

In May 2019, Amnesty International accused the Burmese army of committing war crimes and other atrocities in Rakhine State. The army has "killed and injured civilians in indiscriminate attacks since January 2019", Amnesty said. "The new operations in Rakhine State show an unrepentant, unreformed and unaccountable military terrorising civilians and committing widespread violations as a deliberate tactic", Amnesty's Regional Director for East and Southeast Asia said.

Continuing violence
On 30 June 2013, rioters in the west coast town of Thandwe burned two homes. The riot had started because of rumours that a Muslim man had raped an underage girl, or territory dispute between Rakhine and Muslim trishaw riders. Three Muslims were injured in the fire. Roads in and out of the town were blocked and a government spokesperson said the Myanmar police were working to find the offenders.

On 21 March 2022, the Biden administration declared that Myanmar's military has committed genocide against the Rohingya minority. The Secretary of State Antony Blinken stated that the US has seen evidence pointing to a clear intent to destroy the Rohingya, with reports of killings, mass rape, and arson.

On 4 July 2022, a United Nations investigator has documented apparent war crimes by the Myanmar military and released shocking footage of brutal killings allegedly in Sagaing region. On 10 May, 30 men were captured after a Myanmar military raid in Mon Taing Pin village, in Ayadaw. At least five of them later appear dead, their hands bound, shot from behind. Few images obtained by Radio Free Asia (RFA) gives damning evidence of the brutal operation which reinforce a pattern of killings that bear the hallmarks of the military’s atrocities.

Ethnic cleansing
Government of Myanmar has been accused by the UN of ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya population and committing state-sanctioned crimes such as extrajudicial executions, mass murder, genocide, torture, gang rapes and forced displacement against them but Myanmar denies it.

In August 2017 new massacres and burning down of Rohingya villages by Myanmar Army were reported. In 2020 Yanghee Lee, the UN special rapporteur to Myanmar, stated the Tatmadaw had been emboldened by extra powers granted to them during the coronavirus pandemic.

In 2022, the US Secretary of State determined that members of the Burmese military had committed genocide and crimes against humanity against the Rohingya people. An estimated 1.6 million Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh, Thailand and India; by the end of 2022, the UNHCR reported that approximately 148,000 Rohingya were being held in displacement camps in the country.

Investigations led by Amnesty International concluded that the airstrikes taken place in March/April 2020 by the Myanmar military, killed civilians including children. According to witness testimonies, Myanmar soldiers arbitrarily detained the civilians over alleged link to Arakan Army. The detainees were brutally tortured and beaten by the army. Internet has been cut-off for more than a year in the conflicted territory. The civilians are deprived of the humanitarian assistance over COVID-19 pandemic. Amnesty also reported the destruction and burning of villages in Rakhine and Chin State.

Freedom of speech and political freedom
A 2004 Amnesty International report stated that, between 1989 and 2004, more than 1,300 political prisoners have been imprisoned after unfair trials. The prisoners, including National League for Democracy (NLD) leaders Aung San Suu Kyi and U Tin Oo, have "been wrongfully denied their liberty for peaceful acts that would not be considered crimes under international law", Amnesty International claims.

The Freedom House report notes that the authorities arbitrarily search citizens' homes, intercept mail, and monitor telephone conversations, and that the possession and use of telephones, fax machines, computers, modems, and software are criminalised.

According to Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma), there were 1,547 political prisoners in Burma – the number had doubled from 1,100 in 2006 to 2,123 in 2008. As of April 2013, there were 176 political prisoners in Burmese prisons.

Political prisoners may be detained on charges seemingly unrelated to politics, complicating the case for their release. For example, National Democratic Force member and land rights activist Daw Bauk Ja was detained by police for medical negligence in 2013, though the detainment was linked to a 2008 death, the case for which had been withdrawn by family of the deceased in 2010. She had run for election in 2010 and also actively campaigned against the Myitsone Dam and took Yuzana Company to court for its land confiscations in Kachin State's Hukawng Valley region.

Freedom of the press
The Burmese media is tightly controlled by the government. Newspapers, journals and other publications are run under the Ministry of Information and undergo heavy censorship before publication. Reporters face severe consequences for criticising government officials, policy, or even reporting on criticism. Restrictions on media censorship were significantly eased in August 2012 following demonstrations by hundreds of protesters who wore shirts demanding that the government "Stop Killing the Press".

The most significant change has come in the form that media organisations will no longer have to submit their content to a censorship board prior to publication, however, as explained by one editorial in the exiled press Irrawaddy, this new "freedom" has caused some Burmese journalists to simply see the new law as an attempt to create an environment of self-censorship as journalists "are required to follow 16 guidelines towards protecting the three national causes – non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity, perpetuation of sovereignty – and "journalistic ethics" to ensure their stories are accurate and do not jeopardise national security."

On 3 September 2018 Myanmar court sentenced two Burmese reporters working for Reuters to seven years in prison allegedly for protecting state secrets. In August 2019, a Myanmar court sentenced a filmmaker to one year in prison with hard labor for criticizing the military on Facebook.

A Burmese filmmaker, Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi, was arrested on 12 April 2019 and formally charged under section 505(a) of the Myanmar Penal Code on 1 August 2019, for one-year prison on charges of criticizing the Myanmar military in his Facebook post. Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi is also a founder of the Human Dignity Film Institute (HDFI) and the Human Rights, Human Dignity International Film Festival. Nicholas Bequelin Director for East and South East Asia at Amnesty, condemned the punishment and called it 'cruel' considering serious health ailments that Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi is suffering from, one of which is liver cancer that demands specialist treatment.

On June 19, 2020, HRW urged the Myanmar government to immediately end a year-long government-enforced internet shutdown, which has affected more than a million people living in a conflict zone. HRW cited humanitarian workers stating that some villages are unaware of the coronavirus pandemic, due both to the internet shutdown as well as due to humanitarian workers being barred access to the villages.

Children's rights
According to Human Rights Watch, recruiting and kidnapping of children into the military is commonplace. An estimated 70,000 of the country's 350,000–400,000 soldiers are children. There are also multiple reports of widespread child labour.

Child soldiers
Child soldiers have and continued to play a major part in the Burmese Army as well as Burmese rebel movements. The Independent reported in June 2012 that "Children are being sold as conscripts into the Burmese military for as little as $40 and a bag of rice or a can of petrol." The UN's Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict, Radhika Coomaraswamy, who stepped down from her position a week later, met representatives of the Government of Myanmar on 5 July 2012 and stated that she hoped the government's signing of an action plan would "signal a transformation".

In September 2012 the Burmese Army released 42 child soldiers and the International Labour Organization met with representatives of the government as well as the Kachin Independence Army to secure the release of more child soldiers. According to Samantha Power, a US delegation raised the issue of child soldiers with the government in October 2012. However, she did not comment on the government's progress towards reform in this area.

State-sanctioned torture and rape
A 2002 report by The Shan Human Rights Foundation and The Shan Women's Action Network, License to Rape, details 173 incidents of rape and other forms of sexual violence, involving 625 girls and women, committed by Tatmadaw (Burmese Army) troops in Shan State, mostly between 1996 and 2001. The authors note that the figures are likely to be far lower than the reality. According to the report, "the Burmese military regime is allowing its troops systematically and on a widespread scale to commit rape with impunity in order to terrorize and subjugate the ethnic peoples of Shan State." Furthermore, the report states that "25% of the rapes resulted in death, in some incidences with bodies being deliberately displayed to local communities. 61% were gang-rapes; women were raped within military bases, and in some cases women were detained and raped repeatedly for periods of up to 4 months." The Burmese government denied the report's findings, stating that insurgents are responsible for violence in the region.

A 2003 report "No Safe Place: Burma's Army and the Rape of Ethnic Women" by Refugees International further documents the widespread use of rape by Burma's soldiers to brutalise women from five different ethnic nationalities.

Human rights organisations such as Amnesty International also report frequent torture of prisoners, including political prisoners.

Forced labour
According to the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions several hundred thousand men, women, children and elderly people are forced to work against their will by the administration. Individuals refusing to work may be victims of torture, rape or murder. The International Labour Organization has continuously called on Burma to end the practice of forced labour since the 1960s. In June 2000, the ILO Conference adopted a resolution calling on governments to cease any relations with the country that might aid the junta to continue the use of forced labour.

Right to organise labour
Trade unions were banned when General Ne Win came to power in 1962. In 2010, amid growing calls for reform to labour laws, unofficial industrial action was taken at a number of garment factories in Rangoon, causing concern at government level. In October 2011, it was announced that trade unions had been legalised by a new law.

Labour rights improvements
An initiative was launched in 2014 by the Myanmar government and the International Labour Organization, in conjunction with the US, Japan and Denmark, to promote the development of fundamental labour rights and practice in Myanmar.

1990s
In a landmark legal case, some human rights groups sued the Unocal corporation, previously known as Union Oil of California and now part of the Chevron Corporation. They charged that since the early 1990s, Unocal has joined hands with dictators in Burma to turn thousands of its citizens into virtual slaves. Unocal, before being purchased, stated that they had no knowledge or connection to these alleged actions although it continued working in Burma. This was believed to be the first time an American corporation has been sued in a US court on the grounds that the company violated human rights in another country.

2000s
The Freedom in the World 2004 report by Freedom House notes that "The junta rules by decree, controls the judiciary, suppresses all basic rights, and commits human rights abuses with impunity. Military officers hold all cabinet positions, and active or retired officers hold all top posts in all ministries. Official corruption is reportedly rampant both at the higher and local levels."

Brad Adams, director of Human Rights Watch's Asia division, in a 2004 address described the human rights situation in the country as appalling: "Burma is the textbook example of a police state. Government informants and spies are omnipresent. Average Burmese people are afraid to speak to foreigners except in most superficial of manners for fear of being hauled in later for questioning or worse. There is no freedom of speech, assembly or association."

From 2005 to 2007 NGOs found that violations of human rights included the absence of an independent judiciary, restrictions on Internet access through software-based censorship, that forced labour, human trafficking, and child labour were common, and that sexual violence was abundantly used as an instrument of control, including systematic rapes and taking of sex slaves as porters for the military. A strong women's pro-democracy movement has formed in exile, largely along the Thai border and in Chiang Mai. There was also said to be a growing international movement to defend women's human rights issues.

In a press release on 16 December 2005 the US State Department said UN involvement in Burma was essential and listed illicit narcotics, human rights abuses and political repression as serious problems that the UN needed to address.

According to Human Rights Defenders and Promoters (HRDP), on 18 April 2007, several of its members (Myint Aye, Maung Maung Lay, Tin Maung Oo and Yin Kyi) were met by approximately a hundred people led by a local official, U Nyunt Oo, and beaten up. Due to the attack, Myint Hlaing and Maung Maung Lay were badly injured and subsequently hospitalised. The HRDP alleged that this attack was condoned by the authorities and vowed to take legal action. Human Rights Defenders and Promoters was formed in 2002 to raise awareness among the people of Burma about their human rights.

2010s
In April 2019, the UN appointed an American prosecutor as head of an independent team that will probe human rights violations in Myanmar's volatile Rakhine state, focusing on atrocities committed against Rohingya Muslims. However, Myanmar's ruling political party National League for Democracy disapproved of the new UN investigative mechanism.

2020s
On 14 August 2022, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet began a four-day official visit to Bangladesh. This is the first official visit by a UN Human Rights Chief to the country. Ms. Bachelet will go to Cox’s Bazar where she will be able to visit camps housing Rohingya refugees from Myanmar and meet with refugees.

title: Human rights in Myanmar


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/High schools in the United States

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. (No consensus: Keep 9 / Delete 11) -- AllyUnion (talk) 10:53, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

High schools in the United States
The start of a list of high schools, it is actually a list of state-level lists, which I'm also proposing for deletion. This is clearly what categories are for. --BM 19:14, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Agree with BM for this one, categories are enough. --Deathphoenix 19:51, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, as well as all the sub-lists. Categories list only articles that exist, while page can show those that don't. And since there seems to be a disagreement on whether individual high schools should have articles, this list may be all they get. sjorford// 22:09, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * delete, though preferably someone should check the schools have been categorised first; an article on "Education in the United States of America" would be welcome Education in the United States exists however, that page can even list schools (which aren't listed on similar articles related to specific states) if appropriate and where a school requires an article but doesn't have one it can be listed on requested articles why not just merge if we're going to keep Mozzerati 22:15, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC) (updated 20:31, 2005 Feb 3 (UTC))
 * Delete, as well as all sub-lists. There are around 17000 schools in the US, as quoted somewhere above.  The page would be impossible, even split to sub-pages by state.  Catagories do a much better job here. humblefool® 23:44, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I prefer categories, but it isn't a question of having one or the other. Philip 02:19, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep this and the subpages, but move to List of high schools in the United States, and also rename the subpages to list of... - SimonP 03:27, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Wikipedia is not limited in size as are other encyclopediae; it would be wonderful if a user could (eventually) come to Wikipedia and learn about nearly every high school. I'm agnostic as to the categorization issues.Zantastik 07:39, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. There are lists of prisons, universities, an god knows what on Wikipedia. There's no reason for deletion. (Note: There are many High Schools that are proposed for deletion also) Beta_M talk, |contrib ( Ë-Mail )
 * Categories are a (relatively) new feature and the idea is to get rid of most lists and use categories instead. This deletion of lists should make maintainance easier, which is to say the reason to get rid of lists is because if we have them the same work has to be done twice in different ways.  This has nothing to do with the disagreement about whether to keep school articles or not.  The lists of, universities and, prisons and gods should probably go too..

 * Delete. Worthless unless complete; far, far too long if complete. —Korath (Talk) 13:44, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and rename as SimonP suggested. bbx 17:22, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I must respectfully disagree with Zantastik. There just isn't anything worth learning about most high schools.  On the topic of U.S. high schools, one might find various aggregate statistics useful, but a complete list is just overwhelming.  The information on most high schools most properly belongs in an 'Education' section in their parent community's article (or in a related 'Education in Springfield' article.) Wikipedia is not a general knowledge base. --TenOfAllTrades 17:49, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unmaintainable lists. We have categories for this kind of thing. Jayjg (talk)  22:57, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Wiki is no paper, schools are encyclopedic. --ShaunMacPherson 18:23, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I see a lot of knee-jerk reactions on this page by individuals that obviously are not considering merits and just voting on preconceived notions.  Deleting this page has nothing to do with inclusion versus deletion.  One can vote to delete this page and still safely vote to include every school in the country without fear of being called a hypocrite.  Back in the dark ages of wikipedia, it was necessary to maintain lists because this was the best way to group similar information.  Now, we have the category, which does a much better job.  I am against including every school, but if schools are all to be kept, I would not object to categorizing them in a variety of ways, but categories are the answer, not unweildly and unmaintainable lists.  I feel that some people are voting here because they see the word "school" in the header and stop their rational analysis at that point. Indrian 19:02, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Bah, keep it. Unless Wikipedia is running out of disk space.  In that case then, delete.  —RaD Man (talk) 22:29, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it, but could someone fix it? For some weird reason, the article is part of Category:High schools in Illinois.
 * Delete. Use a category. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:32, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Use category instead.  Noisy | Talk 10:00, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The existing category replaces this.--BaronLarf 23:15, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. The debate rages on. For what it is worth, I tried this with the List of Manitoba School Divisions by first listing each of the school boards, then an alphabetical list of schools in each division. Two words: 1)In, 2)Sane. I hit the 32k wall early. Categories are the way to go with this I think. I created the category incorporating the original division list (which is complete and accurate) and have been removing them from the list as articles are created. A project like every school in the states being listed is just crazy IMO. Creating categories on boards/districts/divisions or whatever term they use in the states seems like a better way to go. Placing each of the 17,000 public schools in one list makes it exceedingly difficult to find any or even a group of them. Categories just make more sense as a way to tackle this, I think. Weaponofmassinstruction 05:44, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know why some people are arguing about deleting lists of schools. This article is a list of lists.  Such a thing is plainly better done with the category mechanism, irrespective of how schools are handled. The advantage that lists have over categories is that lists can contain redlinks.  A redlink in a list of lists simply makes no sense. Delete in favour of categorizing the individual lists into Category:Lists of schools. Uncle G 12:34, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Mike Maddux

Michael Ausley Maddux (born August 27, 1961) is an American professional baseball coach and former pitcher. He is the pitching coach for the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played in MLB for nine teams, over 15 seasons, and coached for four teams following his playing career.

Maddux played in MLB from through  for the Philadelphia Phillies, Los Angeles Dodgers, San Diego Padres, New York Mets, Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Red Sox, Seattle Mariners, Montreal Expos, and Houston Astros. Except for the Phillies, for whom he played during the first four seasons of his career, he never played more than two seasons for any team.

Maddux has served as pitching coach for the Milwaukee Brewers, Texas Rangers, Washington Nationals, and St. Louis Cardinals. Teams that hired him subsequently allowed fewer runs to score. While he coached for the Rangers, the pitching staff posted season earned run averages (ERA) lower than 4.00 for the first time since, doing so for four consecutive seasons. The Nationals hired him after the season, and the Cardinals hired him after the  season. He is the older brother of Hall of Fame pitcher Greg Maddux.

Early life
Maddux was born in Dayton, Ohio, in 1961 to Dave and Linda Maddux. His father, Dave, served in the United States Air Force. The family moved to Taiwan when Mike was a toddler, and also spent time living in San Angelo, Texas, North Dakota, California, Madrid, Indiana, and eventually Las Vegas, Nevada. Mike's younger brother, Greg, was born in San Angelo in 1966. Beginning at the age of ten, Maddux received instruction in pitching from former Major League Baseball scout Ralph Meder.

Playing career
Maddux attended Rancho High School in Las Vegas. The Cincinnati Reds selected him in the 36th round of the 1979 Major League Baseball draft, but he did not sign with the Reds. He enrolled at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), where he played college baseball for the UTEP Miners.

The Philadelphia Phillies selected him in the fifth round of the 1982 MLB draft. He began the 1986 season with the Portland Beavers of the Class AAA Pacific Coast League, and was promoted to the major leagues on May 30. He had a 7.84 earned run average (ERA) in five starts and was demoted to Portland on July 4. After pitching to a 2.09 ERA in five starts, the Phillies recalled him on August 1. On September 29, he started a game against his brother Greg, who was also a rookie, pitching for the Chicago Cubs. The Cubs defeated the Phillies. After the 1989 season, the Phillies released Maddux, and he signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers. Granted free agency after the 1990 season, he contacted each team in seeking a tryout, which resulted in the San Diego Padres signing him. Maddux won a spot with the Padres as a relief pitcher. After the 1992 season, the Padres traded Maddux to the New York Mets for Roger Mason and Mike Freitas. He signed a two-year contract with the Mets, worth $2.375 million.

Granted free agency after the 1994 season, Maddux signed with the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Pirates released him on May 16. He signed with the Boston Red Sox on May 30, and then re-signed with the Red Sox as a free agent that offseason. The Red Sox released Maddux before the 1997 season, and he signed with the Seattle Mariners, who released him on July 23. The Padres signed him on August 19, but he did not pitch in the majors for the Padres that year. A free agent again, Maddux signed with the Montreal Expos, who released him on April 15, 1999. On April 24, he signed with the Dodgers. He signed with the Houston Astros for the 2000 season, but pitched to a 6.26 ERA and was released on July 5. During a 15-year baseball career, Maddux compiled 39 wins, 564 strikeouts, and a 4.05 ERA.

Early coaching career
After he retired as a player, Maddux became a pitching coach in Minor League Baseball for the Houston Astros organization, first with the Round Rock Express. Beginning in 2003, Maddux spent six seasons as the pitching coach for the major league Milwaukee Brewers. During this time, the Brewers yielded an average of 77 fewer runs per season than they had in the previous seven. Pitcher CC Sabathia had his lone sub-3.00-ERA half-season in Milwaukee.

Texas Rangers
The Texas Rangers hired Maddux as their pitching coach before the 2009 season. In an early conversation, then-president and former Rangers pitcher Nolan Ryan said he wanted to change the culture and perception that pitching for the Rangers was extremely difficult. "Do it, or else" was the challenge he gave Maddux. In 2008, the Rangers' pitching staff produced a 5.37 ERA, the worst in the American League (AL), and from 2000–08, also produced an AL-worst 5.14 ERA. The Rangers had not completed a season with a team ERA below 4.00 since 1990, and in 15 seasons playing at Globe Life Park in Arlington, their ERA was 5.04. In the previous 11 seasons before his arrival, they had given up 888 runs a season.

After his first season as pitching coach with Texas, the club's ERA dropped nearly one full run (0.99). In 2011, when the Rangers went to the World Series for the second consecutive season, they lacked star pitching. The rotation was composed primarily of C. J. Wilson, with a 6.02 ERA when Maddux arrived; Colby Lewis, who had just pitched in Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan; Scott Feldman, and Tommy Hunter. During Maddux's time with the Rangers, the club won 612 games, third-most in the AL, and achieved a collective ERA of 4.04, including four consecutive seasons below 4.00. From 2010–13, their ERA was 3.83, third-lowest in the AL. They trimmed the average number of runs allowed in his six years to 707. Five pitchers became All-Stars in Maddux's tenure: Yu Darvish, Neftalí Feliz, Matt Harrison, Alexi Ogando, and Wilson. The Rangers reached the postseason four times and won two AL pennants.

During the 2011 offseason, the Cubs fired Mike Quade as their manager and considered Maddux as a potential replacement. He was also considered for the Red Sox managerial position, but he withdrew himself from consideration. In 2014, he was a candidate to manage the Astros after they fired Bo Porter.

When Jeff Banister became the Rangers' manager during the 2014–15 offseason, Maddux agreed to stay with the Rangers for one more season. His contract with the Rangers expired after the 2015 season and they discussed a new contract. Maddux explored options with other teams while the Rangers considered hiring a successor. The Rangers decided to hire a candidate from their interviews rather than making Maddux a formal offer.

Washington Nationals
The Washington Nationals signed Maddux with a two-year contract to become their pitching coach on November 4, 2015. On October 20, 2017, his contract was not renewed.

St. Louis Cardinals
On October 26, 2017, the St. Louis Cardinals hired Maddux as their pitching coach. Maddux left the Cardinals after the 2022 season.

Texas Rangers (second stint)
On November 23, 2022, Maddux was named the pitching coach for the Rangers. He coached the team to victory in the 2023 World Series.

Personal life
Maddux and his wife, Lise, have two daughters, Makayla and Lexie. They own a house in Tarrant County, Texas.

title: Mike Maddux


text:
ROH World Tag Team Championship

The ROH World Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling world tag team championship contested for in the American professional wrestling promotion Ring of Honor. The current champions are Undisputed Kingdom (Mike Bennett and Matt Taven), who are in their third reign as a team and individually. They originally won the titles as The Devil's Masked Men at Dynamite: New Year's Smash by defeating MJF in a 2-on-1 Handicap match, and would later reveal their identities at AEW Worlds End.

History
The ROH Tag Team Championship was introduced at Unscripted on September 21, 2002, where ROH held a tournament to crown the first champions. At the time, ROH did not have title belts, and instead presented Christopher Daniels and Donovan Morgan, the winners of the tournament, with a trophy.

The title became the ROH World Tag Team Championship after then champions Austin Aries and Roderick Strong defeated Naruki Doi and Masato Yoshino on July 9, 2006, while on a tour in Japan with Dragon Gate and Pro Wrestling Noah. Since then, the title has also been defended in the United Kingdom.

Tournament bracket
1 Neither team was able to compete after being attacked by The Carnage Crew before the start of their scheduled match.

2 American Dragon was also known in Ring of Honor as Bryan Danielson.

Source:

Belt designs
Since originating in 2002, the title belts were introduced in 2003 and redesigned in 2005, 2010, 2012, 2018, and 2023. On March 31, 2023, the sixth belt design debuted at Supercard of Honor.

The sixth design of the ROH World Tag Team Championship from years 2018 to 2022 is sort of like a circle like repetitive round crown on all five plates of the belt that is gold with red and silver diamonds all around the center and side plates (two side plates per side equaling to four side plates total) with also gold wording in the middle with black outlining on them and on the side of the belts plates that say ROH Tag Team but in the main middle center plate separating it from the sides has the extra words World and champions in the middle.

Reigns
Overall, there have been 68 reigns among 71 different wrestlers and 41 different teams. The inaugural champions were The Prophecy (Christopher Daniels and Donovan Morgan), who defeated American Dragon and Michael Modest on September 21, 2002, to become the champions. The team of Jay Lethal and Jonathan Gresham have the longest reign as champions with their first reign lasting 441 days. The Briscoes (Jay Briscoe and Mark Briscoe) hold the record for the most reigns with 13 (both as a team and individually).

The current champions are The Undisputed Kingdom (Mike Bennett and Matt Taven), who are in their third reign as a team and individually. They originally won the titles as The Devil's Masked Men on December 27, 2023 at Dynamite: New Year's Smash in Orlando, Florida by defeating co-champion MJF in a 2-on-1 Handicap match, and would later reveal their identities at Worlds End.

title: ROH World Tag Team Championship


text:
Continuous modelling

Continuous modelling is the mathematical practice of applying a model to continuous data (data which has a potentially infinite number, and divisibility, of attributes). They often use differential equations and are converse to discrete modelling.

Modelling is generally broken down into several steps:

 * Making assumptions about the data: The modeller decides what is influencing the data and what can be safely ignored.
 * Making equations to fit the assumptions.
 * Solving the equations.
 * Verifying the results: Various statistical tests are applied to the data and the model and compared.
 * If the model passes the verification progress, putting it into practice.
 * If the model fails the verification progress, altering it and subjecting it again to verification; if it persists in fitting the data more poorly than a competing model, it is abandoned.

title: Continuous modelling


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/High schools in California

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Delete 10 / Keep 7 -- AllyUnion (talk) 11:05, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)

High schools in California
A series of similar lists, all being proposed for deletion at this time. This is what categories are for. --BM 19:18, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Delete duplicate of Category:High schools in California. --Deathphoenix 19:54, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * delete, though preferably someone should check the schools have been categorised first; an article on "Education in California" would be welcome however Mozzerati 22:10, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)
 * Keep' see above Philip 02:20, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. There are lists of prisons, universities, an god knows what on Wikipedia. There's no reason for deletion. (Note: There are many High Schools that are proposed for deletion also) Beta_M talk, |contrib ( Ë-Mail )
 * There are 1,006 high schools in California; That's a pretty obvious reason to me. And last time I checked, the numbers of universities and prisons in the Golden State were nowhere near that high and unwieldy, so those seem pretty safe to me. --Calton 12:01, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is what Categories are for. --Calton 12:01, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Worthless unless complete; far too long if complete. —Korath (Talk) 13:45, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Lists are good for things that are not very notable and hard to create keepable articles about. bbx 17:21, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. My comments are the same as in the current VfD on High schools in Connecticut.
 * Keep Wiki is no paper, schools are encyclopedic. --ShaunMacPherson 18:23, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The problem with using a form vote is that you tend to look silly when you use it in a strange place.  This is not a vote for deletion for a school, but for a list that would be unwieldly if ever completed.  Deleting this list in no way implies that schools are not encyclopedic so your objection seems odd.  This is a debate over how to organize information on wikipedia and not a debate on whether schools are encyclopedic.  It makes me wonder if you are really paying attention or just slapping this form explanation on whenever you see the word "school" on vfd. Indrian 19:13, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, this is what categories are for. Jayjg (talk) 19:41, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, duplicate of a category and requires much more maintenance. Ashibaka tlk 21:18, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. There are categories for a reason. Carrp | Talk 18:18, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Use a category. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:32, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Don't be ridiculous. LeeJacksonKing 15:31, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * As per the lengthy reasoning given in Votes for deletion/High schools in Connecticut: Move to the correct List of high schools in X form, Keep with the cautions that Wikipedia is not a repository of links and Wikipedia is not a directory, and send to Cleanup for all but one of the articles which do not meet the standard of ("List of") High schools in Connecticut and simply do not contain enough data to meet the purpose of lists. Uncle G 13:42, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth. Plenty of room for expansion.  GRider\talk 18:43, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
William Henry Willimon

William Henry Willimon (born May 15, 1946) is a retired American theologian and bishop in the United Methodist Church who served the North Alabama Conference for eight years. He is Professor of the Practice of Christian Ministry and Director of the Doctor of Ministry program at Duke Divinity School. He is former Dean of the Chapel at Duke University and is considered by many as one of America's best-known and most influential preachers. A Pulpit & Pew Research on Pastoral Leadership survey determined that he was one of the two most frequently read writers by pastors in mainline Protestantism alongside the Roman Catholic writer Henri Nouwen. His books have sold over a million copies. He is also Editor-At-Large of The Christian Century. His 2019 memoir Accidental Preacher was released to wide acclaim, described by Justo L. Gonzalez as "An exceptional example of theology at its best."

Biography
Bishop Willimon, originally from Greenville, South Carolina and raised at Buncombe Street UMC in Greenville, SC, received a Bachelor of Arts from Wofford College in 1968, a Master of Divinity from Yale Divinity School in 1971, and a Doctor of Sacred Theology from Emory University in 1973. He has also received thirteen honorary doctorates, from schools including Colgate, Moravian Seminary, Lafayette, Lehigh, and Westminster. Willimon is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society.

Professional life
Willimon first served as pastor of United Methodist churches in the North Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina Conferences.

From 1976 to 1980, he was on the faculty of Duke Divinity School as Professor of Liturgy and Worship. After serving as pastor of Northside United Methodist Church in Greenville, South Carolina, he became Dean of the Chapel at Duke University in 1984 where he served for twenty years.

He was elected to the episcopacy in 2004 and assigned to the North Alabama Annual Conference. He retired from the episcopacy at the conclusion of the Southeastern Jurisdictional Conference in 2012.

In 2013, he was appointed pastor of the Duke Memorial United Methodist Church in Durham, North Carolina.

He has written over 80 books which have sold over a million copies, been translated into six languages, and won numerous awards. He has collaborated with his friend the theologian Stanley Hauerwas on six books, including their widely influential ''Resident Aliens: Life in the Christian Colony. The Concise Encyclopedia of Preaching'' which he wrote with Richard Lischer is widely used as a seminary homiletics text. He was, with Joel B. Green, the general editor of The Wesley Study Bible, published in 2009. His book Pastor: The Theology and Practice of Christian Ministry is used in dozens of seminaries around the world. In 2018, his book ''[https://www.abingdonpress.com/product/9781501832512/ Who Lynched Willie Earle? Preaching to Confront Racism]'' was made book of the year by the Evangelical Press Association. With his stress on the wisdom of the church through the centuries, he is sometimes associated with the post-liberal movement and narrative theology.

Willimon has garnered a reputation as an outstanding preacher, being named in a 1996 Baylor University survey along with Billy Graham as one of the 12 best preachers in the English-speaking world. Some of his sermons can be found at A Sermon for Every Sunday.

A former student, Michael A. Turner, says about Willimon in the book A Peculiar Prophet which he co-authored with William F. Malambri: "First and foremost Willimon is a pastoral theologian whose primary message is that the God revealed in Jesus matters for everything in life.  Thus his most influential work has been in calling the Church to be a faithful witness to the God revealed to us in the person of Jesus Christ." In the same book, they also say: "Willimon, it seems, never tires of telling the Church just how distinctive our way of life should be because of the particular God who has captured us."

He has served as a trustee of Wofford College, Huntingdon College, Birmingham-Southern College, and Emory University.

Personal life
He married Patricia Parker on June 7, 1969. They have two children: Harriet and William, both Wofford graduates.

Sole author

 * Lord of the Congaree: Wade Hampton of South Carolina. Columbia, South Carolina: Sandlapper, 1972
 * Between Two Advents. Lima, Ohio: C.S.S. [Clergy Services and Supplies], 1978.
 * Eating with Jesus: Biblical Background on the Lord’s Supper. Leaflet 6. Graded Press, 1978.
 * The Gifts of God for the People of God: Theological Background on the Lord’s Supper. Leaflet 7. Graded Press, 1978
 * Saying YES to Marriage. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: Judson, 1979.
 * Worship as Pastoral Care. Nashville: Abingdon, 1979.
 * Word, Water, Wine, and Bread: How Worship Has Changed over the Years. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: Judson, 1980.
 * Remember Who You Are: Baptism, A Model for Christian Life. Nashville: Upper Room, 1980.
 * Integrative Preaching: The Pulpit at the Center. Nashville: Abingdon, 1981.
 * The Bible, A Sustaining Presence in Worship. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: Judson, 1981.
 * The Way. Nashville: Graded Press of the United Methodist Publishing House, 1981.
 * Sunday Dinner: The Lord's Supper and the Christian Life. Nashville: The Upper Room, 1981.
 * The Service of God: Christian Work and Worship. Nashville: Abingdon, 1983.
 * What’s Right With the Church: A Spirited Statement for Those Who Have Not Given Up on the Church and for Those Who Have. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985; New Orleans: Insight, 1998.
 * (Lesson analysis with Charles M. Laymon) The International Lesson Annual, 1984-1985, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1984.
 * (Lesson analysis) The International Lesson Annual, 1985-1986, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1985.
 * Sighing for Eden: Sin, Evil, and the Christian Faith. Nashville: Abingdon, 1985.
 * With Glad and Generous Hearts: A Personal Look at Sunday Worship. Nashville: The Upper Room, 1986.
 * (Lesson analysis) The International Lesson Annual, 1986-1987, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1986.
 * Promises of Marriage: A Guide for Couples Seeking Advice While on the Brink of Matrimony, or for Couples Renewing Their Love. Nashville: Discipleship Resources, 1987.
 * (Lesson analysis) The International Lesson Annual, 1987-1988, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1987.
 * Acts. Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Atlanta: John Knox, 1988.
 * Clergy and Laity Burnout'. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1989.
 * Making Disciples: A New Approach to Confirmation. Confirmand's Journal and Mentor's Guide'. Inner Grove Heights, Minnesota: Logos, 1990.
 * Making Disciples: A New Approach to Confirmation. Coordinator's Guide'. Inner Grove Heights, Minnesota: Logos, 1990.
 * Why I Am a United Methodist. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1990.
 * (Lesson analysis with Pat McGeachy) The International Lesson Annual, 1991-92, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1991.
 * Good-bye High School, Hello College. Nashville: Dimensions for Living, 1992.
 * (editor). The International Lesson Annual, 1992-93. Lesson Analysis by Pat McGeachy. Nashville: Abingdon, 1992.
 * (editor). The International Lesson Annual, 1993-94. Lesson Analysis by Pat McGeachy. Nashville: Abingdon, 1993.
 * Advent/Christmas: Interpreting the Lessons of the Church Year. Proclamation 5, Series B. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1993.
 * (editor with Patricia P. Willimon). The International Lesson Annual, 1994-95. Lesson Analysis by Pat McGeachy. Nashville: Abingdon, 1994.
 * The Intrusive Word: Preaching to the Unbaptized. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1994.
 * On Your Own But Not Alone: Life After College. Nashville: Dimensions for Living, 1995.
 * Calling and Character: Virtues of the Ordained Life. Nashville: Abingdon, 2000.
 * Pastor: The Theology and Practice of Ordained Ministry. Nashville: Abingdon, 2002.
 * (editor) The Sunday after Tuesday: College Pulpits Respond to 9/11. Nashville: Abingdon, 2002.
 * A Peculiar Prophet: William H. Willimon and the Art of Preaching, edited by Michael A. Turner and William F. Malambri, III. Nashville: Abingdon, 2004.
 * Sinning Like a Christian: A New Look at the Seven Deadly Sins. Nashville: Abingdon, 2005.
 * Conversations with Barth on Preaching. Nashville: Abingdon, 2006.
 * United Methodist Beliefs: A Brief Introduction. Louisville: John Knox, 2007.
 * Who Will Be Saved? Nashville: Abingdon, 2008.
 * A Guide to Preaching and Leading Worship. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox, 2008.
 * This We Believe: The Core of Wesleyan Faith and Practice. Nashville: Abingdon, 2010.
 * Preaching Master Class: Lessons from Will Willimon’s Five-Minute Preaching Workshop, edited by Noel Snyder. Eugene: Cascade, 2010.
 * The Best of Will Willimon: Acting Up in Jesus’ Name. Nashville: Abingdon, 2012.
 * Bishop: The Art of Questioning Authority by an Authority in Question. Nashville: Abingdon, 2012.
 * Incorporation: A Novel. Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2012.
 * Incarnation: The Surprising Overlap of Heaven and Earth. Nashville: Abingdon, 2013.
 * Sinning Like a Christian: A New Look at the 7 Deadly Sins. Nashville: Abingdon, 2013.
 * Fear of the Other: No Fear in Love. Nashville: Abingdon, 2016
 * Pastor: The Theology and Practice of Ordained Ministry, Revised Edition. Nashville: Abingdon, 2016.
 * I’m Not From Here: A Parable. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2017.
 * Who Lynched Willie Earle?: Preaching to Confront Racism. Nashville: Abingdon, 2017.
 * Accidental Preacher: A Memoir. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2019.
 * Aging: Growing Old in Church. Ada, MI: Baker Academic, 2020.
 * Stories by Willimon. Nashville: Cokesbury, 2020.
 * Leading with the Sermon: Preaching as Leadership. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2020.
 * The Gospel for the Person Who Has Everything. Brewster: Paraclete Press, 2020.
 * Don't Look Back: Methodist Hope for What Comes Next. Nashville: Abingdon, 2022.

Collaborative efforts

 * (with Patricia Willimon and Hoyt Simmons) Turning the World Upside Down: The Story of Sarah and Angelina Grimke. Columbia, South Carolina: Sandlapper, 1972.
 * (with John H. Westerhoff, III) Liturgy and Learning Through the Life Cycle. Akron, Ohio: OSL, 1980.
 * (with Harriet Willimon Cabell) Family, Friends, and Other Funny People: Memories of Growing Up Southern. Orangeburg, South Carolina: Sandlapper, 1980.
 * (with Charles M. Laymon) The International Lesson Annual, 1984–1985, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1984.
 * (with Pat McGeachy) The International Lesson Annual, 1988–1989, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1988.
 * (with Pat McGeachy) The International Lesson Annual, 1991–1992, edited by Horace R. Weaver. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1991.
 * (with Stanley Hauerwas) Preaching to Strangers. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1992.
 * (with Patricia P. Willimon, eds.) The International Lesson Annual, 1994–95. Nashville: Abingdon, 1994.
 * (with Thomas H. Naylor) The Abandoned Generation: Rethinking Higher Education. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1995.
 * (with Thomas H. Naylor) Downsizing the U.S.A.. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1997.
 * (with Stanley Hauerwas) Resident Aliens. Tokyo: Kyo Bun Kwan, 1999.
 * (with Martin B. Copenhaver and Anthony B. Robinson) Good News in Exile: Three Pastors Offer a Hopeful Vision for the Church. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1999.
 * (with Stanley Hauerwas) The Holy Spirit. Nashville: Abingdon, 2015.

Ordained ministry

 * Pastor, Level Creek UMC, Buford, GA, 1971
 * Associate Pastor, Broad St. UMC, Clinton, SC, 1971–73
 * Pastor, Trinity UMC, North Myrtle Beach, SC, 1973–76
 * Pastor, Northside UMC, Greenville, SC, 1980–84
 * Professor, Duke Divinity School, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1984-2004 (one of the youngest professors in the history of Duke Divinity School)
 * Dean, Duke Chapel, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1984-2004
 * Bishop, North Alabama Annual Conference, The United Methodist Church, 2004-2012
 * Professor of the Practice of Christian Ministry, Duke Divinity School, Duke University, Durham, NC, 2012-
 * Pastor, Duke Memorial UMC, Durham, NC, 2014

title: William Henry Willimon


text:
Crossbar latch

The Crossbar latch is a technology published by Phillip Kuekes of HP Labs in 2001 and granted a US patent in 2003, with the goal of eventually replacing transistors in various applications. This would enable the creation of integrated circuits composed solely of memristors, which, according to the patent, might be easier and less expensive to create. In 2005, Phillip Kuekes stated that the crossbar latch "could someday replace transistors in computers, just as transistors replaced vacuum tubes and vacuum tubes replaced electromagnetic relays before them."

Details
The crossbar latch was introduced by HP Labs scientists in the Journal of Applied Physics, which provides a basis for constructing logic gates using memristors. The crossbar latch consists of a signal line crossed by two control lines. Depending on the voltages sent down the various lines, it can simulate the action of the three major logic gates: AND, OR and NOT.

The abstract of the patent is as follows:

Applications in arithmetic processing

Greg Snider of Hewlett-Packard created this application, which uses crossbar latches to imitate the functionality of a half adder, which is the foundation of modern computing systems. A crossbar tile is created in this application from a layer of horizontal row wires and a layer of vertical column wires, with memristor or similar materials sandwiched between the horizontal and vertical wire layers. Each crossbar tile intersection or junction can be configured to be in a high-resistance state with little or no current flowing between the horizontal and vertical wires, or in a low-resistance state with current flowing. Fig. 1 illustrates the configuration of a half-adder using a crossbar tile, as taught by Snider, with the nodes identifying junctions of the crossbar tile configured as low-resistance states. By setting different logic inputs A, NOT A, B, and NOT B to different row wires this configuration produces the sum and carry outputs typical for a half-adder. Connections between multiple half-adders may then be used to form full adders in accordance with conventional arithmetic architectures.

Applications of crossbar latch in neuromorphics
Crossbar latches have been suggested as components of neuromorphic computing systems. One implementation of this is in the form of a neural network formed from nanowires as discussed in a patent by Greg Snider of Hewlett-Packard.

title: Crossbar latch


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/High schools in Illinois

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE.

The votes were 8 delete, 4 keep. dbenbenn | talk 14:30, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

High schools in Illinois
One in a series. This is what categories are for. --BM 19:41, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as a duplicate of Category:High schools in Illinois. --Deathphoenix 19:57, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep A list isn't a duplicate of a category, it is an alternative system, and it is policy that multiple systems are valued. Philip 02:24, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * delete, though preferably someone should check the schools have been categorised first; an article on "Education in Illinois" would be welcome however Mozzerati 22:10, 2005 Feb 2 (UTC)
 * Keep. There are lists of prisons, universities, an god knows what on Wikipedia. There's no reason for deletion. (Note: There are many High Schools that are proposed for deletion also) Beta_M talk, |contrib ( Ë-Mail )
 * Delete. Worthless unless complete; far too long if complete. —Korath (Talk) 13:45, Feb 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. My comments are the same as in the current VfD on High schools in Connecticut. (Forget to sign previously) --BM 01:24, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Wiki is no paper, schools are encyclopedic. --ShaunMacPherson 18:23, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The problem with using a form vote is that you tend to look silly when you use it in a strange place.  This is not a vote for deletion for a school, but for a list that would be unwieldly if ever completed.  Deleting this list in no way implies that schools are not encyclopedic so your objection seems odd.  This is a debate over how to organize information on wikipedia and not a debate on whether schools are encyclopedic.  It makes me wonder if you are really paying attention or just slapping this form explanation on whenever you see the word "school" on vfd. Indrian 19:14, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, this is what categories are for. Jayjg (talk) 19:40, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, duplicate of a category and requires much more maintenance. Ashibaka tlk 21:18, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Use a category. Wile E. Heresiarch 08:32, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * As per the lengthy reasoning given in Votes for deletion/High schools in Connecticut: Move to the correct List of high schools in X form, Keep with the cautions that Wikipedia is not a repository of links and Wikipedia is not a directory, and send to Cleanup for all but one of the articles which do not meet the standard of ("List of") High schools in Connecticut and simply do not contain enough data to meet the purpose of lists. Uncle G 13:41, 2005 Feb 7 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea

The Palace Theatre is a theatre in Westcliff-on-Sea a suburb in the city of Southend-on-sea in the county of Essex, England. The theatre presents a range of performances, including drama, music and both local and national touring companies.

The theatre was built by Ward & Ward of London and was opened in October 1912. It was named the "Palace of Varieties" in November that year. In December it was renamed "The New Palace" and a small annexe at the back of the stage was built to facilitate projection for cinema. In the interwar period the theatre mainly presented touring ballet and repertory companies. The theatre and its business continued through World War II, however there were some financial troubles and a period of closure, and a number of companies held the lease of the theatre thereafter.

In 1957 the Palace Theatre Club was created with the intention to protect the interests of the theatre and raise funds for it. In 1969 the Palace Theatre suffered a major financial crisis and was closed, however a petition by the Palace Theatre Club led to its reopening in 1970 and the establishment of the Palace Theatre Trust. The theatre received extensive redecorations in 1973, gained the addition of the adjacent building to the theatre as known as the Dixon Studio (named after the chair of the Trust John Dixon ) in 1980, and was further redecoration in 1986. However in March 1999 the theatre was closed again, but was reopened in 2001 under new management. The theatre was closed in 2002 when the management left without explanation, however it reopened again in 2003 under the newly formed Southend Theatres, the result of a merger of the Cliffs Pavilion and the Palace Theatre.

The Palace of Varieties
The theatre opened on Monday 21 October 1912 and named as the "Palace of Varieties" on 14 November. The theatre was built by Ward & Ward of London and was owned by Mr. Raymond of the Raymond Picture Company who also controlled 14 other cinemas and theatres. By the standards of the day, it was a modern building, claiming to be the only building of its time to be fitted so that "no matter from what part of the building spectators look up to the stage, there is a clear and uninterrupted view". It seated 1500 compared to 603 today.

The New Palace
In December 1912 the Theatre was renamed as "The New Palace", presenting a forerunner of the TV talent show Opportunity Knocks. In 1919 Mrs Gertude Mouillot bought the theatre for £25,000, intending to open it as a cinema but owing to the steep "rake" of the circle, it was impossible to project pictures from the front. Accordingly a small annexe was constructed at the back of the stage and rear projection was used. Unfortunately this meant that any films shown had to be run all the way through on to a blank reel to make it the right way round for the audience and then re-run again afterwards to make it right for the next person hiring it. The annexe is still there today and greatly used.

Between the two World Wars the theatre mainly presented touring ballet and repertory companies which included many famous stars for the day: Ivor Novello, Matheson Lang, John Clements, Ruth Draper, Lillian Braithwaite and Sybil Thorndike. Throughout the Second World War the theatre managed to generate an atmosphere of business as usual, and the building survived the air raids without serious damage.

The Palace Theatre Club
As a result of some financial troubles the theatre suffered a period of closure and in 1942 Mrs Mouilott presented the theatre to the Southend Corporation, on the caveat that it could still be used by local drama societies. The Harry Hanson Court Players, who included a newcomer in the name of Dora Bryan, performed the opening play. In 1957 the Palace Theatre Club was created dedicated "to encourage interest in all aspects of living theatre and, in particular, the Palace Theatre". The Club still thrives today and helps fundraise to keep the Palace open. Over several years, a number of other companies held the lease of the theatre and in 1965 Alexander Bridge was the tenant followed by Ray Cooney.

Financial crisis and redevelopment
Crisis came to the Palace in 1969 when money problems mounted and Haymarket Stage Productions announced their final show – The Last Laugh, and the theatre then shut. The Palace Theatre Club swung into action and over 2000 signed a petition which was presented to the Council together with 1400 letters in support of the Club's campaign. A protest march through the streets was held.

As a result in 1970 Southend Borough Council set up the Palace Theatre Trust which registered as a charity secured the task of establishing a repertory theatre in Southend. Ray Cooney opened the theatre with a production of Spider's Web, and thereafter the repertory seasons were produced under three successive Artistic Directors: Tony Clayton, Leslie Lawton and Christopher Dunham, the last of whom spent over 25 years at the theatre.

In 1973 Southend Council made generous donations to the Trust and the theatre was extensively redecorated.

The theatre was designated as a Grade II listed building on the 23 August 1974.

In 1980 the theatre had an opportunity to obtain the property adjoining the west of the building and with considerable help from the Appeal committee set up to raise funds for the redevelopment, lead by John F Dixon, half the cost supplied by Southend Council and a contribution from the Arts Council of England, the foyer, courtyard, workshop and wardrobe were built together with the Dixon Studio – a smaller auditorium with space for up to 100 patrons. The box office was moved to the new foyer which contains a large public bar and a small bistro. The alterations had cost £314,000. The Palace re-opened in 1982 as the Palace Theatre Centre with a Gala Night performance of Cabaret. In September of that year the Dixon opened with Duct for One.

In 1986 the theatre was re-wired and in 1987 it closed for three months whilst the main auditorium was restored to its Edwardian splendour. Some areas of seating were reupholstered, lighting upgraded and a new carpet with the theatre's own logo laid in the foyer. This was rather appropriate, for in October 1987 the theatre celebrated its 75th birthday. On 21 October 1992 the theatre celebrated its 80th birthday with a play specially commissioned. It was written by Michael Wilcox who spent his childhood in Westcliff. The incidental music was provided by Barrington Pheloung, a local composer.

Palace Theatre Repertory Company
In March 1999 the theatre closed again, but after only a short period of time Green & Lenagan were retained to operate and programme the theatre on behalf of the Trust, for a period of five years. Roy Marsden was appointed as Artistic Director of the Palace Theatre Repertory Company and directed at least 5 in-house productions a year. In addition there was a lively mix of visiting companies, local amateur societies, one nighters and Sunday concerts. As before the theatre often hosted local bands on Sunday nights, and with free entry the foyer was often full to capacity.

The New Palace Theatre Company (Green & Lenagan) presented the first ever Agatha Christie Theatre Festival it run from 8 May to 28 July 2001. The festival, featured all of Christie's 25 plays, including a semi-staged performance of the West End production of The Mousetrap using all of the actors of the West End cast of the 'World's Longest Running Play.' This was the first time The Mousetrap has been licensed in the UK outside of the West End since it launched in 1952. 25 actors for the 135 performances of all 25 of Agatha Christie's plays in a 12-week season to mark the 25th anniversary of the mystery writer's death. It is believed that the Palace Theatre holds the world record for performing Agatha Christie.

The Dixon Studio complements the Main House with a wide range of performances by visiting small-scale touring theatre, dance and puppet companies. It also is used for some of the in-house productions and for workshops, talks, classes and educational work.

Renovation and Southend Theatres
On Saturday 29 June 2002 the Palace Theatre once again closed its doors to the public with its final performance by the British Touring Shakespeare Company with a modern and contemporary Production of Henry V. After only a short period, West End producers Green & Lenagan left the theatre without explanation, though there were many rumours in the local newspapers.

After 9 months, The Palace Theatre was once again open, this time after important renovation work was carried out backstage to the sound and lighting equipment and the general fabric of the building.

The theatre re-opened on 1 April 2003 under newly formed Southend Theatres, formed by merging Southend's Cliffs Pavilion and The Palace Theatre. The Palace will no longer be a repertory theatre. The new format for The Palace is one of receiving smaller scale national tours, big name major productions and intimate one-night shows featuring prominent performers.

title: Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea