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Chris Evans (actor)

Christopher Robert Evans (born June 13, 1981) is an American actor. He began his career with roles in television series such as Opposite Sex in 2000. Following appearances in several teen films, including 2001's Not Another Teen Movie, he gained attention for his portrayal of Marvel Comics character the Human Torch in Fantastic Four (2005) and Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2007). Evans made further appearances in film adaptations of comic books and graphic novels: TMNT (2007), Scott Pilgrim vs. the World (2010), and Snowpiercer (2013).

Evans gained wider recognition for portraying Captain America in various Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films, from Captain America: The First Avenger (2011) to Avengers: Endgame (2019). His work in the franchise established him as one of the world's highest-paid actors. Aside from comic book roles, Evans has starred in the drama Gifted (2017), the mystery film Knives Out (2019), the television miniseries Defending Jacob (2020), and the action film The Gray Man (2022). He also voiced Buzz Lightyear in Lightyear (2022), and Lucas Lee in the animated series Scott Pilgrim Takes Off (2023), reprising his live-action role.

Evans made his directorial debut in 2014 with the romantic drama Before We Go, which he also produced and starred in. Evans made his Broadway debut in the 2018 revival of Kenneth Lonergan's play Lobby Hero, which earned him a Drama League Award nomination.

Early life
Christopher Robert Evans was born on June 13, 1981, in Boston, Massachusetts, and grew up in the nearby town of Sudbury. His mother, Lisa (née Capuano), is an artistic director at the Concord Youth Theater, and his father, Bob, is a dentist. His father is of Irish descent, while his mother is of half Irish and half Italian descent. His parents divorced in 1999.

Evans has two sisters, Carly and Shanna, and a brother, actor Scott Evans. He and his siblings were raised Catholic. Their uncle, Mike Capuano, served as mayor of Somerville from 1990 to 1999, and as a U.S. Representative from 1999 to 2019.

He enjoyed musical theater as a child, and attended acting camp. He played Randolph MacAfee in the musical Bye Bye Birdie. He and siblings also performed in front of relatives during Christmases, recalling that being onstage "felt like home." Before starting his senior year of high school, Evans spent the summer in New York City, and took classes at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute. Evans graduated from Lincoln-Sudbury Regional High School in 1999. He was a schoolmate of Jeremy Strong.

1997–2004: Early roles
Evans's first credited appearance was in a short educational film titled Biodiversity: Wild About Life! in 1997. In 1999, Evans was the model for "Tyler" in Hasbro's board game Mystery Date. The special edition of the game included an electronic phone, which Evans is shown speaking into on the game box.

In September 2000, he moved to Los Angeles and lived in Oakwood Apartments in Toluca Lake, a complex where he met fellow young actors. When he recalled of his experience during this time, he said, "You make a lot of strange connections with a lot of thirsty people, but you kind of are one of the thirsty people, too. It was a great time. It really was. It's like the L.A. welcoming committee". In the same year, Evans made his screen debut in a television film, The Newcomers; a family drama in which he plays a boy called Judd who falls in love with a girl (Kate Bosworth). Evans also had a lead role in the television series Opposite Sex which lasted for eight episodes. Lastly, Evans acted in an episode of The Fugitive named Guilt.

In 2001, he starred in Not Another Teen Movie, a parody of teen movies, in which he plays a high school footballer. The film garnered mainly negative reviews, but grossed $38 million domestically and $28 million overseas for a worldwide $66 million.

In 2004, he had a lead role in The Perfect Score, a teen heist-comedy about a group of students who break into an office to steal answers to the SAT exam. The film was critically panned; Matthew Leyland of the BBC thought Evans' performance was "bland", and the cast had "little chemistry". Also that year, he co-starred in the action-thriller Cellular, with Jason Statham, Kim Basinger and William H. Macy. Evans plays college student Ryan, who must save a kidnapped woman (Basinger), after randomly receiving a phone call from her. Although the feature received a mixed response, Slant Magazine's review opined that "Evans proves himself a sufficiently charismatic leading man". In a retrospective interview, Evans remarked that some of his early films were "really terrible".

2005–2010: Breakthrough
In 2005, Evans starred in the independent drama Fierce People, an adaptation of Dirk Wittenborn's 2002 novel of the same name. He also starred in London (2005), a romantic drama, in which he played a drug user with relationship problems. London was negatively received by critics; Variety magazine described it as "noxious", and thought Evans' character was the worst, and film critic Roger Ebert called the film "dreck".

For his first comic book role, he portrayed superhero Johnny Storm / Human Torch in Fantastic Four (2005), based on the Marvel Comic of the same name. Upon release, the film was a commercial success despite a divided reception. In his mixed review, Joe Leydon of Variety praised the cast for their efforts and thought Evans gave a "charismatic breakout performance". Two years later, he reprised the role of Johnny Storm / Human Torch in the sequel Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2007). Toronto Star's Rob Salem thought the film was a "significant improvement" from the first, and the critic from Chicago Reader thought the cast were "amusing enough" to carry the sequel. In 2016, reflecting on his experience of the Fantastic Four films, Evans said they left him "a little uneasy – because the movies weren't exactly the way I'd envisioned them".

He voiced the character Casey Jones in the animation TMNT (2007), based on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comic book series. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures and The Weinstein Company, to mixed reviews from critics but was a commercial success, grossing $95 million worldwide. Next, he starred in Danny Boyle's science fiction thriller Sunshine (2007), about a group of astronauts on a dangerous mission to reignite the dying sun. It garnered generally favorable reviews; Roger Ebert wrote the cast were "effective ... they almost all play professional astronaut/scientists, and not action-movie heroes". He also had a role in the comedy drama The Nanny Diaries (2007), in which he plays the love interest to Scarlett Johansson's character. His final release of 2007 was Battle for Terra, another science fiction animation, about a peaceful alien planet which faces destruction from colonization by a displaced remainder of the human race. It premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival, followed by a wider theatrical release in 2009. Critical reception was largely mixed; review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the film an approval rating of 49% based on 95 critics.

In 2008, Evans appeared as Detective Paul Diskant in the thriller Street Kings, with co-stars Keanu Reeves, Forest Whitaker, and Hugh Laurie. He was cast in The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond, co-starring Bryce Dallas Howard and Ellen Burstyn. It is a romantic drama based on Tennessee Williams' 1957 screenplay. The feature received negative reviews, and The Village Voice critic called Evans' performance "catatonic". The following year he appeared in the science fiction thriller Push, with Dakota Fanning and Camilla Belle. The film follows a group of people born with various superhuman abilities who unite to take down a secret agency that is genetically transforming normal citizens into an army of super soldiers. Principal photography was held in Hong Kong, where Evans suffered bruises from doing his own fight scenes. The film's response was generally negative; Claudia Puig of USA Today described it as "silly" and "convoluted", while Mick LaSelle of San Francisco Chronicle criticized the story which "makes no sense", and predicted that Evans, "one of these days he's going to make a good movie".

In 2010, Evans appeared in Sylvain White's The Losers, an adaptation of the comic book series of the same name from the DC Comics imprint Vertigo. Evans was drawn to playing Captain Jake Jensen because the character "doesn't take things too seriously. He's the one that kind of loves life and he's always looking for a joke". Although the film gained mixed reviews, The Guardian's critic praised the cast for their "breezy charm" and for Evans' comic relief. Evans appeared in another comic book adaptation, Edgar Wright's Scott Pilgrim vs. the World (2010), in which he portrayed Lucas Lee, one of Ramona Flowers' seven evil exes. The film was a box-office bomb but received positive reviews from critics and found a second life as a cult film. He starred in Mark Kassen and Adam Kassen's drama, Puncture, which was filmed in Houston, Texas. The film premiered at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival as one of the spotlight projects for the 10th anniversary of the festival. Evans portrays Mike Weiss, who was a real-life young lawyer and drug addict. Upon release, critical reception was divided; The A.V. Club critic thought the film "rarely manages to focus on [Weiss]". Next, Evans was cast in the romantic comedy What's Your Number? (2011) opposite Anna Faris, an adaptation of Karyn Bosnak's book 20 Times a Lady. Critic Nathan Rabin of The A.V. Club gave the film a grade C+, and opined that Evans' and Faris' chemistry was "frisky".

2011–2017: Captain America and directorial debut
In 2010, Evans signed on for a multi-film deal with Marvel Studios, to portray Marvel Comics character Steve Rogers / Captain America. Evans initially turned down the part, but he consulted with Robert Downey Jr., who encouraged him to take the role. At Marvel's persistence, Evans accepted, and he went to see a therapist afterwards. He found the character fun to portray, and added, "I think Marvel is doing a lot of good things right now". The first film to be released was Captain America: The First Avenger (2011). The story follows the protagonist who is transformed into the super-soldier Captain America and must stop the Red Skull from using the Tesseract as an energy-source for world domination. The film was a critical and commercial success, earning over $370 million worldwide box office. In their positive review, The Sydney Morning Herald thought the film was a "fresh twist on 20th-century history", and praised Evans' "confident-but-subtle treatment" displayed in his role.

A year later, he reprised the character in The Avengers, with a large ensemble cast that included Robert Downey Jr., Mark Ruffalo, Chris Hemsworth, Scarlett Johansson, and Jeremy Renner. The feature was another commercial success; it grossed $1.519 billion and became one of the highest-grossing films of all time. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the film an approval rating of 92% based on more than 350 reviews. The Avengers received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects and a British Academy Film Award (BAFTA) nomination for Best Special Visual Effects. For his last release of 2012, he played hitman Robert Pronge in the biographical film The Iceman, about the murderer Richard Kuklinski. Evans' role was originally intended for James Franco, but he dropped out before filming began. In order to look the part, Evans wore a wig and grew a beard. Writing for The Hollywood Reporter, David Rooney complimented Evans' versatile performance, which was unlike his Captain America persona.

Returning to the science fiction genre, Evans was cast in Bong Joon-ho's Snowpiercer (2013), which is based on the French graphic novel Le Transperceneige. Bong was initially reluctant to cast him, but changed his mind after seeing Evans' performances in Sunshine and Puncture, which showed a "sensitive" side. The story takes place aboard the Snowpiercer train as it travels around the globe, carrying the last members of humanity after a failed attempt at climate engineering to stop global warming. The film was critically acclaimed, with the critic from Salon magazine describing the cast performances as "sensational". Snowpiercer appeared in several lists of best films of 2014, including The Guardian's classics of modern South Korean cinema.

In 2014, Evans starred in Captain America: The Winter Soldier, the sequel to Captain America: The First Avenger. In the film, Captain America joins forces with Black Widow and Falcon to uncover a conspiracy within the spy agency S.H.I.E.L.D. while facing an assassin known as the Winter Soldier. Principal photography began in August 2013; Evans prepared by undertaking three months of strength training and learning all the fight sequences. Similarly to the first film, it was well received and a commercial success, grossing $714 million worldwide. Peter Howell of Toronto Star thought Evans was "impressive" for bringing the comic book character to life, despite the plot being "a little too complicated". Evans has said The Winter Soldier was his favorite Marvel film because he started to understand his character, and enjoyed working with directors Anthony and Joe Russo.

In March 2014, Evans said he may consider doing less acting so that he can focus on directing. In the same year, he made his directorial debut in the romantic comedy Before We Go, in which he also starred, opposite Alice Eve. The film tells the story of two strangers who meet at Grand Central Terminal, and form an unlikely bond overnight. It premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival; The New York Times critic, Ben Keninsberg, opined that it was a moderate effort and the actors' chemistry made it watchable. In the same year, he starred in another romantic comedy, opposite Michelle Monaghan in Playing It Cool. The following year, he played Captain America again in Avengers: Age of Ultron, the sequel to 2012's The Avengers. In 2016, he reprised the role in Captain America: Civil War, the sequel to Captain America: The Winter Soldier. Both of these films were box office hits, grossing $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion worldwide, respectively. The Hollywood Reporter later learned that his salary for Civil War was $15 million.

Evans starred in the family drama Gifted in 2017, about an intellectually gifted seven-year-old who becomes the subject of a custody battle between her uncle (Evans) and grandmother (Lindsay Duncan). Although set in Florida, filming took place in Georgia to take advantage of the state's financial incentive of $3 million. The film received a favorable response; Empire magazine opined that Evans played his part with "conviction" despite a predictable plot. In the same year, he was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

2018–present: Avengers films and beyond
In 2018, he starred in the sequel Avengers: Infinity War, and in spring 2019, the fourth sequel Avengers: Endgame. Both of these were directed by Anthony and Joe Russo; they had intended to film them simultaneously but scrapped the idea due to complexities. Evans admitted that he and Scarlett Johansson did not see the full script to Avengers: Infinity War before filming, saying, "We had to fight to get an actual paper script. There were giving us either pages or bits on an iPad. It's been tricky." While USA Today opined that Evans and co-star Chris Hemsworth were a "blast to watch" in Avengers: Infinity War, the reviewer from Time magazine criticized the film for its lack of pacing and substance. When Avengers: Endgame completed filming in October 2018, Evans explained that it was emotional: "For the last month of filming I was letting myself go to work every day and be a little overwhelmed and a little nostalgic and grateful. By the last day, I was bawling. I cry pretty easy, but I was definitely bawling." The fourth sequel grossed $2.7 billion worldwide, and the filmmakers were praised by The Telegraph's Robbie Collin for creating one of the most entertaining films in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

Evans made his Broadway debut in the play Lobby Hero, directed by Trip Cullman, which opened in March 2018 at the Helen Hayes Theatre as a part of Second Stage Theatre's first Broadway season. Ben Brantley of The New York Times labeled it a "terrific Broadway debut" and found his performance to be a "marvel of smooth calculation and bluster". Evans was nominated for a Drama League Award. In 2019, Evans played an Israeli Mossad agent in the Netflix thriller The Red Sea Diving Resort, loosely based on the events of Operation Moses and Operation Joshua in 1984–85. Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a mixed review; he thought Evans gave a "sincere" performance, despite observing weaknesses in the film's pacing and tone. Later that year, he starred as Ransom Drysdale, a spoiled playboy, in Rian Johnson's mystery film Knives Out, which received critical acclaim and grossed $309 million worldwide. In NPR, Linda Holmes wrote of Evans's performance: "it's a special treat to see him tear right into this rich-brat bit, both preternaturally handsome and cheerfully obnoxious, a one-man cable-knit charm offensive."

In 2020, Evans starred in Defending Jacob, an Apple TV+ crime drama miniseries based on the novel of the same name. He played Andy Barber, an assistant district attorney whose son is accused of murder. Daniel Fienberg of The Hollywood Reporter praised Evans's performance, stating that he "is sturdy and conveys the right measure of empathy and fear". He had a cameo in Adam McKay's Netflix comedy, Don't Look Up, which featured an ensemble cast. In 2022, Evans voiced the titular character in the Disney/Pixar animation Lightyear, which gained mostly favorable reviews, and starred in the Netflix thriller The Gray Man, an adaptation of the 2009 novel of the same name directed by Anthony and Joe Russo. The Gray Man received mixed reviews, but had strong viewership on Netflix.

Evans starred alongside Ana de Armas in the Apple TV+ action comedy film Ghosted (2023), from director Dexter Fletcher. Benjamin Lee of The Guardian panned the film and the lack of chemistry between de Armas and Evans. His next release, the Netflix crime drama Pain Hustlers, also received poor reviews from critics. He then reprised his role of Lucas Lee in the animated television series Scott Pilgrim Takes Off.

Evans will next star in the action comedy Red One.

Personal life

Evans is a follower of Buddhism. He is a fan of the New England Patriots, and narrated the documentary series America's Game: The Story of the 2014 New England Patriots and America's Game: 2016 Patriots. While filming Gifted in 2015, Evans adopted a dog named Dodger from a local animal shelter. In 2022, he was named the "Sexiest Man Alive" by People magazine. Evans married Portuguese actress Alba Baptista on September 9, 2023, in a private at-home ceremony on Cape Cod in Massachusetts.

Political views
Evans affirmed his support for same-sex marriage in 2012, stating, "It's insane that civil rights are being denied people in this day and age. It's embarrassing, and it's heartbreaking. It goes without saying that I'm completely in support of gay marriage. In ten years we'll be ashamed that this was an issue." In August 2016, he supported Massachusetts Attorney General Maura Healey's continued enforcement of the state's ban on assault weapons. Evans endorsed Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election, and was critical of Donald Trump's presidency.

After Alabama enacted the Human Life Protection Act in May 2019, which imposes a near-total ban on abortions in the state, Evans called the bill "absolutely unbelievable" and continued by writing, "If you're not worried about Roe v. Wade, you're not paying attention." In July 2020, he launched A Starting Point, a website that publishes short interviews of American elected officials on political issues, with a goal of presenting "both the Democratic and Republican point of view on dozens of issues across the political landscape." In October 2020, Evans took part in a virtual fundraising event in support of Joe Biden in his 2020 presidential campaign. He endorsed Maya Wiley in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary.

Philanthropy
Evans is a supporter of Christopher's Haven, a charity providing housing to families affected by childhood cancer, and has taken part in fundraisers to benefit the organization. In 2015, he and actor Chris Pratt visited patients in the Seattle Children's Hospital after the two made a bet that eventually raised donations for the hospital as well as Christopher's Haven. In May 2020, Evans organized a virtual fundraiser involving his Avengers co-stars to benefit the organizations Feeding America, Meals on Wheels, World Central Kitchen, and No Kid Hungry. The following year, he won $80,000 for Christopher's Haven by placing third in a charity fantasy football tournament with his Avengers co-stars.

title: Chris Evans (actor)


text:
Henri de Bornier

Henri, vicomte de Bornier (25 December 1825, Lunel – 28 January 1901, Paris) was a French poet and dramatist.

Biography
He came to Paris in 1845 with the object of studying law, but in that year he published a volume of verse, Les Premieres Feuilles, and the Comédie-Française accepted a play of his entitled Le Mariage de Luther.

He was given a post in the library of the Arsenal, where he served for half a century, becoming director in 1889. In 1875, his heroic drama in verse, La Fille de Roland was produced at the Théâtre Français. The action of the play turns on the love of Gerald, son of the traitor Ganelon, for the daughter of Roland. The patriotic subject and the nobility of the character of Gerald, who renounces Berthe when he learns his real origin, procured for the piece a great success. The conflict between honor and love and the grandiose sentiment of the play inevitably provoked comparison with Corneille. The piece would indeed be a masterpiece if, as its critics were not slow to point out, the verse had been quite equal to the subject.

Among the numerous other works of de Bornier should be mentioned: Dmitri (1876), libretto of an opera by Victorin de Joncières; and the dramas, Les Noces d'Attila (1880) and Mahomet (1888). The production of this last piece was forbidden in deference to the representations of the Turkish ambassador. In 1890, his play Mahomet on Islamic prophet Muhammad was completely banned by the orders of Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Henri de Bornier was critic of the Nouvelle Revue from 1879 to 1887. His Poésies complètes were published in 1894. He died in January 1901.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Henri de Bornier


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Clitoris envy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. I count 11 delete, 3 keep, 2 redirect. Rhobite 07:04, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

Clitoris envy
This seems like nonsense. No clinical or psychological links on Google as far as I could see, just non-serious or joke usages. Dysprosia 05:23, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Penis envy is bullshit, but at least its encyclopedic bullshit. This is revenge bullshit. I got 1 google hit with "clitoris envy" and the author's name. -R. fiend 05:29, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment hmmmmm I get 284 Google hits with "Clitoris envy" (mostly that old Michael Jackson joke). Apparently there is a book by M. Shaalan, called Clitoris Envy: A Psychodynamic Construct Instrumental in Female Circumcision published by WHO. I would vote a tentative Keep but with a major rewrite, with that book. Megan1967 05:46, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The title of that book got me 2 google hits. Getting better... -R. fiend 06:37, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * LOL. Our medical research library has a copy. Although at this stage it's not looking too good to save this article. Might end up voting for a redirect to Female circumcision. Megan1967 07:45, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to penis envy, to which this is an obvious response, and put in a blurb about it there. With all due respect to Megan1967, I think that would be a better fit than female circumcision (even tho it is mentioned in the book and in the article), which is a cultural practice as opposed to a psychosexual condition. I have a hard time imagining that anyone unfamiliar with the book would look up this term expecting to find information on female circumcision... then again, I have a hard time imagining that anyone unfamiliar with the book would look up this term. --BD2412 08:25, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I may be mistaken, but redirecting may imply the term is a legitimate one (some sort of synonym), when in fact it may not be. Dysprosia 13:19, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur with Dysprosia. Megan1967 22:38, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to penis envy. --Carnildo 08:42, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I don't think a redirect would help, not very likely to be searched for (as BD2412 said) Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 12:57, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Even if they aren't the same and hence shouldn't be redirected, the term isn't widely used anyhow. Inter 14:29, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect - David Gerard 14:56, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless re written to be about the book -Sean Curtin 00:55, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * If redirected to penis envy someone will need to write something in that article addressing this issue. Question: isn't this a term from the Vagina Monologues? If so, that might be a more appropriate redirect. 23skidoo 01:17, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I think the term is basically a joke, like that song "Vagina Envy" by Sewer Trout (I think it was Sewer Trout), or at least it's most commonly a joke. Wikipedia does have articles on some jokes, but it's not the sort of thing we want too much of. We're not a joke book. I'm tempted to say this isn;t really worth including, but I suppose there might be a place it could be mentioned. -R. fiend 02:03, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * If the term is indeed fictitious, then delete. 23skidoo 21:57, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete', not useful as a redirect. DaveTheRed 03:07, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not useful as a redirect. Jayjg (talk) 17:15, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, no redirect. I can find no evidence that this is used in any serious context.  Rossami (talk) 23:45, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism, joke term. —Lowellian (talk) 02:53, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * And also, do not redirect. —Lowellian (talk) 02:57, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Men don't oppress women because we lack a clitoris; men oppress because they write futhermucking nonsense like this. D. Wo. 05:17, 2005 Feb 26 (UTC)
 * Keep. I'll say that I find the barrage of opposition here a bit surprising, and some entries are simply machist, really. Some have attacked the merit of the analysis it implies. I find the quote from The First Sex by Elizabeth Gould Davis to be interesting to ponder about and possibly in part quite right. ...but even if you feel this is revenge bull****, as a poster politely implied, we can't delete an encyclopedia fot the merit we subjectively give it. I feel the article could be kept. Also, mentions of this outlook could be added to Sexism and Penis envy. I think the idea of historical sexism being in part attribuable to envy and fear is only an application of many theories about discrimination. So, at the least, this would warrant a rename or inclusion and expansion in the sexism article. And if the article were to be moved to sexism, redirects would be essential. --Liberlogos 05:29, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete.  Personally, I don't see why a man wants female genitalia.  -- Riffsyphon1024 05:34, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Has anyone actually read the article? The question is not whether 'clitoris envy' is real, it is whether this concept has been seriously discussed. Apparently it has. Redirecting to penis envy is just plain silly. This is a brief, informative article which can stand on its own. --Lee Hunter 11:49, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. What R. fiend said.  Penis envy is patent nonsense that is encyclopedic for historial reasons only, because it was dreamed up by Freud.  "Clitoris envy" and "penis envy" are equally nonexistent, but the latter is notable while the former is not. -- Curps 07:00, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Similarity invariance

In linear algebra, similarity invariance is a property exhibited by a function whose value is unchanged under similarities of its domain. That is, $$f$$ is invariant under similarities if $$f(A) = f(B^{-1}AB)$$ where $$B^{-1}AB$$ is a matrix similar to A. Examples of such functions include the trace, determinant, characteristic polynomial, and the minimal polynomial.

A more colloquial phrase that means the same thing as similarity invariance is "basis independence", since a matrix can be regarded as a linear operator, written in a certain basis, and the same operator in a new basis is related to one in the old basis by the conjugation $$B^{-1}AB$$, where $$B$$ is the transformation matrix to the new basis.

title: Similarity invariance


text:
User talk:24.18.59.229

Thanks for contributing, but there is already an article on Janeane Garofalo. You had her name misspelled. --Feitclub 05:26, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)

Please see Links for the proper way to create links to other articles within Wikipedia. Gamaliel 01:57, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Please read the instructions on how to create proper links. Please do not continue to insert links incorrectly as other people will have to clean up the messes you make. Gamaliel 00:26, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This is your last warning. Please read and conform to Wikipedia policies regarding links. Given that you have been repeatedly leaving messes for others to clean up, I am going to block you for vandalism unless you stop. Gamaliel 06:43, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Please do not replace Wikipedia pages with blank content. Blank pages are harmful to Wikipedia because they have a tendency to confuse readers. If it is a duplicate article, please redirect it to an appropriate existing page. If the page has been vandalised, please revert it to the last legitimate version. If you feel that the content of a page is inappropriate, please edit the page and replace it with appropriate content. If you believe there is no hope for the page, please see the deletion policy for how to proceed. Thanks for contributing to Wikipedia! Jtrost (T | C | #) 14:18, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

I do not recall replacing a page with blank content. If I did this is was an error, but I definitely don't recall doing it.

Removing referenced material from Wikipedia articles
It is not appropriate to remove material which is well referenced from Wikipedia articles such at this material you removed without comment from the article on Ward Churchill Fred Bauder 15:03, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

It is not unusual that Americans who have some Native American blood, but whose families live within the mainstream community, know their heritage from family tradition, but encounter difficulty proving it to the satisfaction of administrators of affirmative action programs.

If you find some problem with material such as this which is referenced please bring it up on the talk page of the article and mention the reason you removed it in your edit summary. Fred Bauder 15:03, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Sorry about not following the correct protocol. Here's the problem with that particular link--it is not on point to Ward Churchill. It is a general comment that people who have Native American blood sometimes have difficulty proving it. A valid point, but unless there is some connection directly to Ward Churchill on why he has that difficulty in proving his Native American heritage, then it is an editorial response to the controversy by Wikipedia. I have not heard Ward Churchill raise the issues in the affirmative action link. There is a difference between linking to a legitimate editorial either pro or con on Ward Churchill (which is perfectly valid and welcomed) vs. plugging in commentary indirectly as that link did.

Small edits
Please try to group edits together a bit better. It's harder to follow pages when there have been so many edits. Also please consider registering an account. Thanks. Daniel Quinlan 04:00, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

Why not make an account?
Welcome to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia! You don't have to log in to read or edit articles on Wikipedia, but creating an account is quick, free and non-intrusive, requires you to provide no personal information, and gives you many benefits, including:
 * The use of a username of your choice
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 * Your own talk page which, if you choose, also allows users to send you messages without knowing your e-mail address
 * The use of your own personal watchlist to which you can add articles that interest you
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 * The ability to customize the appearance and behavior of the website
 * The eligibility to become an administrator
 * The right to be heard in formal votes and elections, and on pages like votes for deletion

Click here to create an account.

– ClockworkSoul 17:30, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Evan Montvel Cohen
Please don't delete the cleanup header until you've actually cleaned up the article. RickK 06:41, Mar 16, 2005 (UTC)

Block
I've unblocked you. I've no idea if the material you keep adding should be in the page or not, but the reason given was "vandalism" and your edits don't look like vandalism to me. Be aware however that edit warring is considered a bad thing, and we have a three revert rule which prohibits you from adding the same material to an article more than three times a day. I'll have a word with the admin who blocked you to see if I can sort things out. Theresa Knott (ask the rotten) 23:50, 24 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for unblocking me and the clarifications on the rules. I was definitely not engaged in vandalism. I had an entry that was cited and would have considered any editing or criticism seriously, but it seemed strange how the entry would keep getting deleted without comment. I complained on the talk page and it happened again. Then Neutrality blocked me. I recognize the Schiavo case is a sensitive subject, but I didn't think my entry that controversial, given it was cited. 24.18.59.229 02:30, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Powerline Blog
I will continue to remove the reference to Powerline blog from the Terri Schiavo article because the action/opinion of a blog has no bearing on the encyclopediac reporting of this news story. It is enough to say that the memo is suspicious - it matters not that Powerline says it is suspicious --AStanhope 15:20, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I disagree. If there are stated suspicions, there should be a cite. You cite ABC News as the source of the memo. If there is a challenge that should be cited too. I do not care if Powerline is mentioned directly. I would do it, but if you think it is too much information fair enough. But the Powerline link should be left there so a viewer can go look at it.24.18.59.229 18:16, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

9/11 victim
Sorry, but this is not a memorial. Please do not repost material deleted within policy guidelines. Thanks. - Lucky 6.9 23:32, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

You've been temporarily blocked from further editing. - Lucky 6.9 23:45, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

There is no reason for this. 24.18.59.229 has done nothing wrong or violated any Wikipedia policy. I did not repost anything after it was deleted and I think Lucky 6.9 doing is not warranted. Note that Lucky 6.9 posted a warning at 23.32 (which was actually the first posting) then imposed a block at 23:45. Lucky 6.9 is not following wikipedia policy and is violating the position of administrator.

No, I'm not. You were politely asked not to use this site's resources in the manner you were using them and you chose to continue to do so. You pointed out yourself that there are thirteen minutes between my deletion and placing the block. The key word here is block. This is not an outright ban. You may continue to edit when the block has expired if you follow guidelines like we all do. Your statement shows that you are familiar with policy, so please follow it. Thanks. - Lucky 6.9 04:48, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Hey Lucky 6.9, the block was reversed by other administrators. I did not see your message and you blocked me a few minutes later. I did not use the site's "resources" in any improper manner. And actually listing several passengers on Flight 93 who actually fought back (and did something historic) is not the same as creating a "memorial." You went ahead and blocked me even though I did not violate the "three reversal rule." You need to lighten up.

Lost (TV series) "Black Rock" speculation
Please stop inserting the following into Lost (TV series): "The Black Rock, the slave ship that is found in the jungle is also the name of an early 20th century poem by Southern agrarian John Gould Fletcher which deals with a shipwreck and back-to-nature themes." While this may be a factual statement, it is speculative to assert that the poem is in any way connected to Lost without any source for such an assertion. "Black Rock" is many things, including the site for the Burning Man festival in Black Rock Desert, Nevada; a fictional town in the 1955 Spencer Tracy film, "Bad Day at Black Rock"; a dangerous islet off the coast of Argentina; a mystical rock in the Cook Islands ; a historic location and ferry on the Great Lakes. Since we don't know which source( or even if there is a source) that the Lost ship name is derived from, we should not include any such claims. —LeFlyman 19:18, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Take Back The Memorial
Take Back The Memorial, an article you created, has been nominated for deletion. We appreciate your contributions. However, an editor does not feel that Take Back The Memorial satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in the nomination space (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and the Wikipedia deletion policy). Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Take Back The Memorial and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Take Back The Memorial during the discussion but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Jmlk 1  7  06:46, 11 September 2007 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Belmont Club
An editor has nominated one or more articles which you have created or worked on, for deletion. The nominated article is Belmont Club. We appreciate your contributions, but the nominator doesn't believe that the article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in his/her nomination (see also Notability and "What Wikipedia is not").

Your opinions on whether the article meets inclusion criteria and what should be done with the article are welcome; please participate in the discussion(s) by adding your comments to Articles for deletion/Belmont Club. Please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ).

You may also edit the article during the discussion to improve it but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion debate.

Please note: This is an automatic notification by a bot. I have nothing to do with this article or the deletion nomination, and can't do anything about it. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 01:08, 4 April 2010 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Tom Bernstein

A tag has been placed on Tom Bernstein requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G12 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article or image appears to be a clear copyright infringement. This article or image appears to be a direct copy from http://www.chelseapiers.com/company/people/bio-tom.cfm. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted. You may use external websites as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences. This part is crucial: say it in your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing.

If the external website or image belongs to you, and you want to allow Wikipedia to use the text or image — which means allowing other people to modify it — then you must verify that externally by one of the processes explained at Donating copyrighted materials. If you are not the owner of the external website or image but have permission from that owner, see Requesting copyright permission. You might want to look at Wikipedia's policies and guidelines for more details, or ask a question here.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Postcard Cathy (talk) 01:37, 27 October 2014 (UTC)

Nomination of Belmont Club for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Belmont Club is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Belmont Club& until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. David Gerard (talk) 22:02, 18 October 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:24.18.59.229