text:
Phillips University

Phillips University was a private university in Enid, Oklahoma. It opened in 1906 and closed in 1998. It was affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). It included an undergraduate college and a graduate seminary. The university was also home to the Enid-Phillips Symphony Orchestra, and its campus regularly hosted events for the Tri-State Music Festival.

History
Originally named Oklahoma Christian University, the school was founded by Ely Vaughn Zollars on October 9, 1906. Enid-area businessmen raised $150,000 and purchased a 40 acre campus east of Enid. Though ultimately the university would base its teachings on the Disciples of Christ denomination, the committee to bring a university to Enid had a more diverse religious background: Edmund Frantz (Presbyterian), Frank Hamilton (United Brethren, Disciple), Al Loewen (Jewish), J.M. Pieratt (Disciple), and Everett Purcell (Presbyterian). Funding for the operation of the university was supplied by Thomas Wharton Phillips of Butler, Pennsylvania and the Disciples of Christ Churches of Oklahoma. Following Phillips' death in 1912 the university was renamed in his honor. During World War II, the Permanente ship builders manufactured a victory ship named after the university called the SS Phillips Victory (VC2-S-AP2, MC Hull Number 758).

Oklahoma Christian University held its first classes September 17, 1907. The first year's enrollment was 256 students, and of the freshman class, only 20 had completed high school. Phillips High School was created in 1907 as a preparatory school at the same time to prepare students for college-level courses, and continued operations until 1925. The school became affiliated with the North Central Association of Colleges on March 23, 1919, and in the American Association of Colleges in 1920.

In 1987, Phillips Graduate Seminary incorporated as a freestanding institution independent of Phillips University. It is now known as Phillips Theological Seminary, and is located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Currently, Phillips Theological Seminary houses the transcripts of the alumni of Phillips University.

Phillips University also ran a graduate business school which awarded MBA degrees, and was well recognized in the states of Oklahoma and Texas. It also had a large international community of students from more than 20 countries.

Bankruptcy, closure, and Legacy Foundation
Due to financial problems and decreasing enrollment, Phillips filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy on April 1, 1998, and closed its doors four months later.

After the bankruptcy of the university in 1998, the liquidation of assets yielded $3 million in funds for the formation of the Phillips University Legacy Foundation, which, in honoring the legacy of the university, awards scholarships and provides leadership development opportunities to undergraduate and graduate students attending Disciples of Christ-related colleges and universities. They also administer leadership programs such as the Annual Leadership Development Conference and the Volunteer Leadership Projects.

The Phillips University Alumni and Friends Association also exists, serving as a voice of alumni and friends, communicating, preserving, and perpetuating the heritage of Phillips University. The seminary survives as the Phillips Theological Seminary in Tulsa, Oklahoma, which also houses transcripts for alumni of Phillips University.

The former campus was purchased in June 1999 by Northern Oklahoma College (NOC), a public college, for $6.1 million (split $1.9 million paid by the city of Enid, $800,000 by the Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, and $3.4 million by NOC). NOC, based in Tonkawa, Oklahoma, phased the entire property into use as a satellite campus.

Presidents

 * Ely Vaughan Zollars (1907–1915)
 * Isaac Newton McCash (1916–1938)
 * Eugene S. Briggs (1938–1961)
 * Hallie G. Gantz (1961–1972)
 * Thomas E. Broce (1973–1975)
 * Samuel E. Curl (1976–1979)
 * Joe Robert Jones (1979–1988)
 * Robert D. Peck (1989–1993)
 * Donald F. Heath (1994–1995)
 * Sheldon E. Elliott (1995–1996)
 * G. Curtis Jones (1996–1998)

Athletics
The school's sports teams were called the Haymakers. For one year, 1920, the school was a member of the Southwest Athletic Conference. Between 1917 and 1920, John Maulbetsch was the head football coach at Phillips University. Maulbetsch was an All-American running back at the University of Michigan in 1914, where he earned the nickname the "Human Bullet". With his name recognition, he was able to recruit big-name talent to Phillips, including future Pro Football Hall of Famer Steve Owen, and future United States Olympic Committee President Doug Roby. Maulbetsch quickly turned Phillips into a major contender in the southwest, as his teams beat Oklahoma and Texas and lost only one game in the 1918 and 1919 seasons. The 1919 team, known as "Mauley's Iron Men", was considered by many experts to be the finest football squad in the southwest that season.

After defeating the Oklahoma and Texas football teams, the "Haymakers" gained a reputation as “one of the strongest teams in the southwest.” When Phillips defeated Texas 10–0 in Austin, Texas in October 1919, the Longhorns had not lost a game since 1917. One Texas newspaper reported that Phillips had "whitewashed the Longhorns in their own corral."

As a result of Phillips' success, it was admitted to the Southwest Conference for the 1920 season. With the loss of several key players from the previous squads, Phillips fell to 4–5–1 record, failed to score a single point in conference play and immediately dropped out of the conference. Maulbetsch was hired to coach Oklahoma A&M in 1921. Unable to sustain its previous success, the program's reputation faded; the school finally closed the program in 1933.

Subsequently, Phillips University baseball and basketball teams were in the NAIA. From 1952 through 1981, Phillips University baseball teams dominated their division. Coached by Dr. Joe Record during this period, the Haymakers compiled a 648–294 record for a .688 winning percentage. Three of Record's teams went to the NAIA World Series. He was the NAIA Coach of the Year in 1973, and inducted into the NAIA Hall of Fame in 1975.

Phillips University Japan
In 1989 Phillips University opened a 12 acre branch campus at the Kyoto Institute of Technology and Science in Japan. Students at the Japanese campus earned credits towards a Phillips degree, and were required to complete a one-year residency on the Enid campus. Faculty members from the Enid campus taught some classes in Japan. The arrangement also allowed students from the Enid campus to earn part of their required credits abroad at the Osaka campus. In 1992 Phillips University filed suit against Phillips Japan Co., Ltd, the private entity which ran its academic programs in Japan, along with the Kyoto Institute of Technology and Science, and Tanezo Yamasaki, chief director of the institute. The suit alleged that the defendants failed to pay taxes to the Japanese government, withheld funds due to Phillips University to pay some taxes which they were responsible for paying according to the contract, and alleged unauthorized use of the Phillips University name. In April 1995, Phillips University International (PUI) was created with the new purpose of taking American education in Japan a step further by creating a new bilingual and bicultural academic program. In the fall of 1996, PUI moved its campus to a growing suburban area of Kyoto Prefecture, Kyotanabe City, and became an independent educational entity under the new name of Kyoto International University.

Alumni

 * Joseph Bunn – Professional basketball player
 * James Clark Brown - Minister (Cleveland Park, San Francisco, Carmel Valley)
 * Merwin Coad – U.S. Iowa Representative
 * Pete Earley – Journalist and author
 * Beverly Roberts Gaventa – New Testament exegete and theologian
 * Carol Hamilton - Oklahoma Poet Laureate (1995-1997)
 * Michael Hedges – musician
 * Shirley Knight – actress
 * Julie Ledgerwood – Chief of the Clinical Trials Program at the Vaccine Research Center of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, led first human trial to test the Ebola vaccine
 * John Levi – professional football player
 * Pat Moran McCoy – jazz pianist
 * John Newbold Happy Camp – U.S. Oklahoma Representative
 * Daniel Nicholson – legal research and writing professor
 * Bill Owen – professional football player
 * Steve Owen – professional football coach
 * Susan Pamerleau, retired United States Air Force major general and the Republican sheriff of Bexar County
 * Oral Roberts – Televangelist
 * Doug Roby – U.S. Olympic Committee President
 * Lawrence Schovanec - Texas Tech University President
 * Paul F. Sharp - professor and college administrator
 * Everett Shelton – University of Wyoming basketball coach
 * Jim Spainhower – Missouri State Treasurer
 * Henry E. Stubbs – U.S. California Representative
 * Harold Taft – television meteorologist
 * Bess Truitt - Oklahoma Poet Laureate (1945-1963)
 * John Turner – professional basketball player
 * James W. Valentine – paleontologist
 * George H. Wilson – U.S. Oklahoma Representative

Faculty

 * Bill Quayle, tennis coach and associate professor from 1972 to 1979; left to become athletics director at Emporia State University from 1979 to 1999.

title: Phillips University


text:
Philip Chetwode, 1st Baron Chetwode

Field Marshal Philip Walhouse Chetwode, 1st Baron Chetwode, 7th Baronet of Oakley, (21 September 1869 – 6 July 1950), was a senior British Army officer. He saw action during the Second Boer War, during which he was present at the Siege of Ladysmith in December 1899. He saw action again during World War I on the Western Front, taking part in the First Battle of Ypres, and then in the Sinai and Palestine campaign during which he led his corps at the First Battle of Gaza in March 1917, at the Battle of Beersheba in October 1917 and the Battle of Jerusalem in November 1917.

After the War he held a series of senior military appointments including Adjutant-General to the Forces and then Commander in Chief Aldershot Command. He went on to be Chief of the General Staff in India in 1928 and Commander in Chief in India in 1930 and was much concerned with the modernisation and "Indianisation" of the army in India.

Early life and education
Born the son of Sir George Chetwode, 6th Baronet, and Alice Jane Bass (daughter of Michael Thomas Bass the brewer), Chetwode was educated at Eton, where he was an athlete of some distinction, and entered the army through the militia with his first commission being in the 3rd (Militia) Battalion of the Oxfordshire Light Infantry (later the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry) on 11 April 1888. He then received a regular commission with the 19th Hussars on 20 November 1889.

Military career

Promoted to lieutenant on 6 August 1890, Chetwode first saw active service in the Chin Hills expedition in Burma from 1892 to 1893 and was promoted to captain on 7 February 1897. He served in the Second Boer War where he took part in the actions at Reitfontein in October 1899, Ladysmith in December 1899, Laing's Nek in June 1900 and Belfast in August 1900: he was twice mentioned in despatches and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order. Promoted to major on 21 December 1901, he stayed in South Africa until the end of hostilities. The war ended with the Peace of Vereeniging in late May 1902, and the following month Chetwode returned home in the SS Tagus, arriving at Southampton in July. He succeeded as 7th Baronet in 1905.

In 1906, Chetwode became assistant military secretary to Sir John French and on 3 January 1908 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel on appointment as commanding officer of the 19th Hussars. Having been placed on half-pay list from 3 January 1912, he was promoted to colonel on 1 April 1912 and appointed Commander of the London Mounted Brigade.

During the Curragh incident in March 1914 Chetwode was offered command of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade when Hubert Gough threatened to resign. He knew that he would be "looked upon by all his brother officers as a scab” but thought it "his duty as a soldier to do as he was ordered & not to meddle in politics". In the event Gough kept his command and Chetwode remained with the London Mounted Brigade, but his willingness to replace Gough caused some ill feeling. Promoted to temporary brigadier-general on 15 May 1914, he was given command of the 5th Cavalry Brigade in August 1914.

In World War I, Chetwode served on the Western Front: his 5th Cavalry Brigade helped cover the retreat from the frontier, and checked the pursuing Germans at Cerizy on 29 August 1914. After taking part in the First Battle of Ypres in October 1914, he was appointed General Officer Commanding 2nd Cavalry Division with promotion to temporary major-general on 15 July 1915 and to substantive major-general on 1 January 1916. With the war in Europe bogged down in trench warfare, Chetwode was lucky to be transferred to Palestine where he was given command of the Desert Column and promoted to temporary lieutenant general with effect from 22 November 1916. He led the corps at Rafa in January 1917 and at the First Battle of Gaza in March 1917. When Edmund Allenby took command of the Allied forces in Palestine in June 1917, Chetwode was promoted to command of XX Corps. He led his corps to military success at the Battle of Beersheba in October 1917 and at the Battle of Jerusalem in November 1917. During the Sinai and Palestine campaign he was mentioned in despatches eight times.

Service in India and after
After the war, and following promotion to the substantive rank of lieutenant-general on 1 January 1919, Chetwode was appointed to a number of senior military appointments serving as Military Secretary from 1919, Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff from October 1920, Adjutant-General to the Forces from September 1922 and Commander in Chief Aldershot Command from early 1923. He was promoted to full general on 1 June 1926.

Chetwode became Chief of the General Staff in India in 1928 and Commander-in-Chief, India, in November 1930. He was promoted to field marshal on 13 February 1933. In his tenure as Commander-in-Chief, India, Chetwode was an opponent of replacing horses with tanks; he "made the surprising pronouncement that the Army in India would be unlikely to adopt tanks for a very long time, and then only to keep up the momentum of horsed cavalry." He was much concerned with the modernisation and "Indianisation" of the army in India. The main building and its central hall at the Indian Military Academy is named after him. The credo of the academy, engraved on the entrance to the central hall, is a passage from his address delivered at the formal inauguration of the academy in 1932: "The safety, honour and welfare of your country come first, always and every time. The honour, welfare and comfort of the men you command come next.

Your own ease, comfort and safety come last, always and every time." This is known as the "Chetwode Motto" and is the motto of the officers passing out from the academy.

Chetwode returned from India in May 1934. He was Constable of the Tower from 1943 to 1948 and also President of the Royal Geographical Society as well as the recipient of an Honorary DCL from Oxford University. He had been appointed a deputy lieutenant of Buckinghamshire on 6 March 1919. He was created Baron Chetwode, of Chetwode in the County of Buckingham, on 10 July 1945 and died in London on 6 June 1950.

Family
Chetwode married Hester (Star) Alice Camilla Stapleton Cotton and had a son Roger and a daughter Penelope. Chetwode's sister Florence was married to General Noel Birch.
 * Roger Chetwode married Honourable Molly Berry, daughter of the 1st Viscount Camrose. He was killed on active service on 14 August 1940 at age 34, leaving two sons: Philip, the 2nd Baron Chetwode, and Christopher.
 * Honourable Penelope Chetwode married John Betjeman the poet (later Poet Laureate) and had a son Paul and daughter Candida Lycett Green.

British

 * DSO : Companion of the Distinguished Service Order – 20 November 1900 – for services during the operations in South Africa (Second Boer War)
 * KCMG : Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George – 4 June 1917
 * GCB : Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) – 3 June 1929
 * KCB : Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath – 11 January 1918
 * CB : Companion of the Order of the Bath – 18 February 1915
 * KJStJ : Knight of Justice of the Venerable Order of St. John – 23 December 1930
 * GCSI : Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India – 4 June 1934
 * OM : Member of the Order of Merit – 1 January 1936

Foreign

 * Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France) – 21 May 1917
 * Order of the Nile, 2nd Class (Egypt) – 9 November 1918

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Philip Chetwode, 1st Baron Chetwode


text:
Siobhan Fallon Hogan

Siobhan Fallon Hogan (, born May 13, 1961) is an American actress and comedian. She has appeared in films such as Men in Black, Forrest Gump, The Negotiator, Holes, Daddy Day Care, Going in Style, and The House That Jack Built.

Life and career
Fallon was born in Syracuse, New York, United States, the daughter of Jane (née Eagan) and William J. Fallon, an attorney. She was raised Catholic, and is of Irish descent. She graduated from Le Moyne College in 1983 and then two years later, she earned her Masters in Fine Arts from The Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. She made her television debut in an episode of The Golden Girls in 1990. She appeared in 20 episodes on Saturday Night Live from 1991 to 1992. She also appeared in three episodes of Seinfeld as Elaine Benes' annoying roommate Tina. Thereafter, she began to appear in feature films. In 2000, she shared the screen with Björk in Dancer in the Dark by Lars von Trier, as a sympathetic jail guard. She also is featured on the soundtrack Selmasongs by Björk, dueting on the track 107 steps. In 2003, she appeared as Mrs. Yelnats in the film Holes with Sigourney Weaver and Shia LaBeouf. She appeared in New in Town, released on January 30, 2009, with Renée Zellweger and Harry Connick Jr. In 2021, Fallon wrote and starred in Rushed, co-produced by Lars von Trier's Zentropa Entertainment, and featuring Ellen Cleghorne. Also starring Robert Patrick, Jake Weary and Peri Gilpin, Vertical Entertainment has acquired the distribution rights.

Personal life
Siobhan Fallon is a member of the Atlantic Theater Company. She had been a resident of Middletown Township, New Jersey and also has a summer home in Cazenovia, New York, a town outside Syracuse, where she grew up. A resident of Rumson, New Jersey, Fallon is married to commodities trader Peter Hogan and they have three children: Bernadette, Peter, and Sinead.

Fallon is a Catholic. If she finds a role that does not suit her beliefs, she will reject it.

title: Siobhan Fallon Hogan


text:
Richard Tarlton

Richard Tarlton (died September 1588) was an English actor of the Elizabethan era. He was the most famous clown of his era, known for his extempore comic doggerel verse, which came to be known as "Tarltons". He helped to turn Elizabethan theatre into a form of mass entertainment paving the way for the Shakespearean stage. After his death many witticisms and pranks were attributed to him and were published as Tarlton's Jests.

Tarlton was also an accomplished dancer, musician and fencer. He was also a writer, authoring a number of jigs, pamphlets and at least one full-length play.

Early life
Information on Tarlton's family background is meagre. His father's first name is unknown. His mother's first name was Katherine, but her maiden name is also unknown. A later lawsuit establishes that he had a sister named Helen. His birthplace is also unknown, although more than a century after Tarlton's death Thomas Fuller said that he was born at Condover in Shropshire, where his father was a pig farmer, and that the family later moved to Ilford in Essex.

Career
Tradition claims that Tarlton started his career in London as either an apprentice, a swineherd in Ealing, or a water-carrier; it is not impossible that he was all three. By 1583, when he is mentioned as one of the original members of the Queen's Men, he was already an experienced actor.

He was an early yet extraordinary influence on Elizabethan clowns. His epitaph says: "he of clowns to learn still sought/ But now they learn of him they taught". Tarlton was the first to study natural fools and simpletons to add knowledge to his characters. His manner of performance combined the styles of the medieval Vice, the professional minstrel, and the amateur Lord of Misrule. During the play, he took it upon himself to police hecklers by delivering a devastating rhyme when necessary. He would spend time after the play in a battle of wits with the audience. He worked with Queen Elizabeth's Men at the Curtain Theatre at the beginning of their career in 1583. The 1600 publication Tarlton's Jests tells how Tarlton, upon his retirement, recommended Robert Armin take his place.

He was Queen Elizabeth's favourite clown. He had a talent for improvising doggerel on subjects suggested by his audience; in fact, improvised doggerel verse became known for a time as "Tarltons". To cash in on his popularity, a great number of songs and witticisms of the day were attributed to him, and after his death the text Tarlton's Jests, containing many jokes in fact older than he was, made several volumes. Other books, and several ballads, coupled his name with their titles. Some have suggested that the evocation of Yorick in Hamlet's soliloquy was composed in memory of Tarlton.

In addition to his other talents, Tarlton was a fencing master. He wrote at least one play, The Seven Deadly Sins (1585); though it was enormously popular in its day, no copy has survived. Besides ballads and a play, Tarlton wrote several pamphlets starting in the 1570s, one of which was A True report of this earthquake in London (1580). These were apparently genuine, though after his death a variety of other works were attributed to him as well. Gabriel Harvey refers to him as early as 1579, indicating that Tarlton had already begun to acquire the reputation that rose into fame in later years. That fame transcended the social limits that judged players to be little more than rogues.

Tarlton, according to one of his sons, gambled away the family's entire fortune. Tarlton lived in Drayton Manor House, Hanwell where he is rumoured to be buried. Drayton Manor is now Drayton Manor High School.

Tarlton made his last will on 3 September 1588, describing himself as "Richard Tarlton, one of the Grooms of the Queen's Majesty's Chamber". In the will he entrusted the son he had illegitimately fathered, Philip Tarlton, to the care of "my most loving mother, Katherine Tarlton, widow, and my very loving and trusty friends Robert Adams, gentleman, and my fellow, William Johnson, one also of the Grooms of her Majesty's Chamber".

title: Richard Tarlton


text: Category:Czech explorers

title: Category:Czech explorers


text:
Talk:Derivative work

 * Please add new topics at the bottom of the page. Thank you.

Copyright violation?
Does the picture used as an example violate copyright law?

VMG - 24OCT2007

 * In looking at the page for the image, the author indicates each of the sources for the composite image as being from the wikimedia commons. Donald (talk) 10:10, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

Minor change
Should this page read "renting the prints was a copyright infringement". The word "renting" seems out of place. Was this perhaps supposed to be "releasing the prints was a copyright infringement"?

MP 02:00, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Article needs work
Half the links are bad, article overall does not read very well. Perhaps I'll get around to it, but maybe someone else who's knowledgeable wants to jump in and fix it? I'm going to put a cleanup broilerplate on the article.
 * What generally constitutes the building blocks of "non-trivial" copyrighted material, and thus a derivative work, is a question that keeps many copyright lawyers in steady employment.

That line is not really appropriate. --Josh3736 05:56, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Cleanup
I added the cleanup tag mostly because the first tag was removed with no explanation by an anon, but also because the article needs cleanup. Copyright lawyers, please step in. Deltabeignet 23:19, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

article clears some minor things up but also confuses me more
so ... is sampling of copyrighted songs legal or not? --Nerd42 19:12, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

Depends on the sampling; depends also on what you're using it for. Sampling for commercial use probably falls under the rights expressed by the property owner; that could be the artists or the record company. Probably want to look up Trademark Dilution as a side reference. 206.21.11.205 14:57, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

fan-fiction?...

@Nerd42: Sampling - The example referenced in the article:

>the Supreme Court found that although a parody of the song "Oh, Pretty Woman" by 2 Live Crew was an unauthorized derivative work, fair use was still available as a complete defense

>The mockery of “Oh, Pretty Woman,” discussed in Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., is a similar example of transforming a >work by showing it in a harsh new light or criticizing its underlying assumptions. Because of the parody's >transformativeness, the Supreme Court found the derivative work a fair use.

2 Live Crew, if I'm correct to assume from the original article, in the parody "Oh, Pretty Woman" didn't "sample" the original, they "transforming a work by showing it in a harsh new light or criticizing its underlying assumptions", and the song was not "sampled" but performed by 2 Live Crew after it was transformed.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_%28music%29 >2 Live Crew, a hip-hop group familiar with controversy, was often in the spotlight for their 'obscene' and sexually explicit lyrics. They sparked many debates about censorship in the music industry. However, it was their 1989 album As Clean as They Wanna Be (a re-tooling of As Nasty As They Wanna Be) that began the prolonged legal debate over sampling. The album contained a track entitled "Pretty Woman," based on the well-known Roy Orbison song Oh, Pretty Woman. 2 Live Crew's version sampled the guitar, bass, and drums from the original, without permission. While the opening lines are the same, the two songs split ways immediately following.[11]

A typical "sample" of copyright songs would not be able to generally use that defense, and therefore be an unauthorized derivative if I interpret the above Supreme Court ruling. In regards to sampling, permission and royalties need to be paid to the performer, and the holder of the copyright (lyrics and song-writing)

For more information on Sampling:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_%28music%29 >Legal issues >Sampling has been an area of contention from a legal perspective. Early sampling artists simply used portions of other artists' recordings, without permission; once rap and other music incorporating samples began to make significant money, the original artists began to take legal action, claiming copyright infringement. Some sampling artists fought back, claiming their samples were fair use (a legal doctrine in the USA that is not universal). International sampling is governed by agreements such as the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the WIPO Copyright and Performances and Phonograms Treaties Implementation Act.

And if your too lazy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_%28music%29 Before 1991, sampling in certain genres of music was accepted practice and such copyright considerations as these were viewed as largely irrelevant. The strict decision against rapper Biz Markie's appropriation of a Gilbert O'Sullivan song in the case Grand Upright Music, Ltd. v. Warner Bros. Records, Inc.[13] changed practices and opinions overnight. Samples now had to be licensed, as long as they rose "to a level of legally cognizable appropriation."[14] In other words, de minimis sampling was still considered fair and free because, traditionally, "the law does not care about trifles." The recent Sixth Circuit Court decision in the appeal to Bridgeport Music has reversed this standing, eliminating the de minimis defense for samples of recorded music, but stating that the decision did not apply to fair use.

Related Terms and alternative definitions
I think we need links to terms like aggregated works and fair use

Is this definition compatible with the this article? -

DERIVATIVE WORK - A work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization,motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a 'derivative work'. 17 U.S.C.

Kctucker 09:55, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

Fair use is an exclusively American legal concept; how about also linking the related fair dealing, the equivalent in many common-law countries? 142.161.178.190 (talk) 04:17, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

Counterexamples
Expanding on Nerd42's and Kctucker's points, I would like to see more discussion of what does not qualify as a derivative work. I think the article needs clarification of the boundaries, which are now neglected, except some weak counterexamples with software (drivers, libraries). This article has virtually nothing to refute, for example, the claim that any book in English is a derivative work of Merriam Webster's Dictionary. Such a notion is obviously absurd, but I'd like some guidance on supporting less obvious claims. Isn't there a legal distinction between copyrighting content versus presentation? Facts versus phrasings? "You can't copyright facts" rings in my head. What's the bigger story?

I have made works about HTML at http://www.visibone.com/html/. I used and refered to HTML specifications at http://www.w3.org/html/. I typed and positioned all content from scratch, no phrases or diagrams are clones of those in the specs, yet the influence on content is clear. How is my work not derived from those specifications? I realize the edges must be very fuzzy, but certainly there is precedent for at least coarsely locating it.

Defining (or linking to) "fair use" helps, but I don't think it's complete to say "fair use" covers everything allowed and "derivative work" everything not.

(Incidentally I'm not concerned in my own case about my old HTML reference, more about an upcoming PHP reference.)

Bob Stein - VisiBone 13:24, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

Substantial Edits on December 22, 2007
I am attempting to revamp this article for clarity and usefulness. I hope I have addressed some of the previously stated concerns about this article. I've made some quite substantial edits that I hope they improve the article.

the changes made
The article was first of all quite sloppy, with numerous statements about derivative works that were not in context and did not create a cohesive picture of what a derivative work is. Many of these statements were also either not cited or were not cited in an appropriate format. I apologize to anyone whose contribution was deleted, but much of what previously existed would take too long to format into the cohesive description of derivative works I am trying to build. I've cleaned up the section on U.S. law and tried to categorize it into conceptual chunks that make sense. I've added subheadings to try and better delineate these categories.

There were also concerns that the article did not deal appropriately with the fair use doctrine, which is actually quite important in understanding the limits of the derivative work right. I added a section on fair use and linked to the fair use article.

I also changed the word "artistic" to "expressive" in the opening line of the article. I made this change to indicate that derivative works can include non-artistic works such things as computer programs or telephone directories, while still articulating the fact that copyright protection only extends to expressive works.

Finally, I added more statutory background. Knowing the statutory background is helpful in understanding copyright law, as it is a field that relies heavily on a statutory basis. Hopefully this change provides relevant law while maintaining a level of readability that is accessible to non-lawyers.

what still needs be done
The changes I made do not address the central concern that this article is U.S.-centric. Unfortunately, my understanding of international IP is extremely limited. In addition, the need for more and better examples, including counter-examples, still exists.

Donald (talk) 04:31, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

Derivative works of software
This section has a couple of problems. First, the statement that all cases dealing with derivative works of software are fact specific and don't deal with the issue broadly needs to be backed up with a citation. I'm not sure that it is even an accurate assessment of the state of the law.

Second, wikipedia really shouldn't give out legal advice, even in the form 'rules of thumb.' Aside from any sticky legal issues arising from someone following such advice, it really isn't encyclopedic material. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Donaldrobertsoniii (talk • contribs) 10:21, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

Supplying authority
I am working on supplying citations for statements that WLU questioned. It will take a while to annotate this. But I intend to plug away at it. PraeceptorIP (talk) 03:38, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

Mention on DailyKos
This article was mentioned and quoted on DailyKos.com by Markos Moulitsas himself. See or. Bearian (talk) 18:35, 5 February 2009 (UTC)

Photographs
It would be great if this article specifically addressed the issue of when a photo constitutes a derivative or transformative work. I find it unenlightening with respect to some questions about the media, e.g.:

 * 1) If a photographer takes straightforward picture of a painting offered for sale on a public street, the painter has copyright rights?
 * 2) If someone dresses up in costume, and a photographer takes their picture (a candid or a posed shot) on a public street, the subject has copyright rights?

(PS: US Copyright Office Circular 14: Derivative Works is a broken link.) --Elvey (talk) 20:27, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
 * I found some good guidance on question #2, particularly with respect to Wikimedia: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/Images_of_costumes_tagged_as_copyvios_by_AnimeFan --Elvey (talk) 19:25, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

West Side Story/Romeo and Juliet
It can be disputed whether the former is a derivate of the latter; further, if it, it must be noted that Romeo and Juliet is itself a derivate of previous works (cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tragical_History_of_Romeus_and_Juliet or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe_. 94.220.254.157 (talk) 17:28, 28 February 2010 (UTC)

West Side Story is a DW according to the statutory definition. It is based on R&J and takes substantial expressive elements from it. The fact that R&J is itself a DW does not make any difference. PraeceptorIP (talk) 22:47, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

Although many experts say that "West Side Story" is not a derivative work, Nimmer on Copyrights says "West Side Story" IS a derivative work. § 13.03 Robinesque (talk) 11:14, 30 August 2016 (UTC)

The following text is very unclear and seems to be incorrect: "no legal rule prevents a derivative work from being based on a work that is itself a derivative work based on a still earlier work — at least, so long as the last work borrows expressive elements from the second work that are original with the second work rather than taken from the earliest work. The key is whether the copied elements are original and expressive (not merely conventional or mise en scène); if that is so, the second or derivative work is independently subject to copyright protection, and if that is not the second work (if unauthorized) may infringe the first, but it is not independently copyrightable." It could be corrected by inserting the words "The last work infringes on the second work" right before "so long as".

It could be made more clear by changing the words "and if that is not the second work" to "and if that is not so, the second work".

Even if it were corrected and made clearer, it would belong under a different topic (the topic "When does derivative-work copyright apply?").

Could someone who knows what the intended meaning might be, please edit it for clarity, correctness, and correct location? Thanks. Robinesque (talk) 11:42, 30 August 2016 (UTC)

Pop-up ad example may be wrong
It is claimed in the article that pop-up ads create a derivative work of the web page that's partially covered up by the ad. However, the reference seems to state exactly the opposite, "The Court finds this argument unpersuasive ... Plaintiffs do not have any property interest in the content of a user's pixels, much less a copyright interest." Perhaps this example should be removed from the article or amended to explain that one window partially covering another window is not a derivative work? Maghnus (talk) 01:34, 9 August 2010 (UTC)

This has now been amended to reflect The point Maghnus made. PraeceptorIP (talk) 21:54, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

I would add that the legal analysis by these district courts is flawed (e.g., fixation argument is contrary to House Report; owning the pixels is just nonsense) and the plaintiffs had the better view on the definitional issue. However, the defendants should probably prevail after a fair use balance, because of the public benefit of the price comparison. Yet, this is debatable since a balance of incommensurate interests is involved. See the Ninth Circuit's decision in the Perfect 10 case. PraeceptorIP (talk) 22:57, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

Capitalization of "court"
Someone has gone through this article and capitalized many or all uses of the word 'court." That is incorrect style in US legal writing. The matter is discussed in the current (19th) edition of the BLUEBOOK at pp. 85-86. The word is always capitalized in reference to the US Sup Ct or in the full name of a particular court. Otherwise, it is always lower case. All of these changes to "Court" are WRONG and should be reverted to "court." Could we get a bot to do this? Is there a way to get ill-informed persons not to do this?

Authors given the right to impede their integrity?
The second para of the lead-in starts with "Most countries' legal systems seek to protect both original and derivative works. They grant authors the right to impede or otherwise control their integrity and the author's commercial interests."

Could someone who knows what the intended meaning might be, please edit it for clarity? What is allowed to be impeded? Whose integrity is at issue?

Phil Barker 09:04, 14 December 2015 (UTC)

Unauthorised Lawful Derivative Works
At the end of the section "When does derivative-work copyright apply?", the last line reads "The courts have not yet addressed the issue of lawful (i.e., not unlawful) use without authorization, as in the Pretty Woman case."

However, in the case of Keeling v. Hars, No. 13‐694‐cv, Second Circuit Court of Appeals, it was concluded that unauthorised lawful derivative works are eligible for copyright protection:

We hold, for substantially the reasons stated by the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Thomas P. Griesa, Judge), that, if the creator of an unauthorized work stays within the bounds of fair use and adds sufficient originality, she may claim protection under the Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. § 103, for her original contributions.

(See http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/4f313489-6555-485a-a400-bc264009c5e2/2/doc/13-694_opn.pdf#xml=http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/4f313489-6555-485a-a400-bc264009c5e2/2/hilite/)

That section of the article should therefore be updated to reflect this new information.

--Cannaya (talk) 14:15, 1 January 2016 (UTC)

Erroneous edit of Mona Lisa Mustache discussion
Someone who completely misunderstood the point of the cited article on LHOOQ changed "mocking" to "imitated." The point of the cited article is that Duchamps incensed the French bourgeoisie by mocking their idol, NOT by imitating it. It would not have been a parody if it merely imitated the work. Whoever it was who made this edit, please do not make changes where you do not understand the issue. PraeceptorIP (talk) 21:48, 13 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Added Globalize banner
I've added the globalize banner: Beyond short definitions in the 1st section, the majority of the article purely cites US case law. (Though ironically I might soon contribute to the problem if I can find the proper sources. To my recollection, section 4 titled "Liability of derivative-work" is an oversimplification of the US case law.) DPenner1 (talk) 02:12, 22 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Derivative work


text:
George Gordon (Canadian politician)

George Gordon (May 2, 1865 – February 3, 1942) was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Nipissing in the House of Commons of Canada from 1908 to 1911. He was then appointed to the Senate, where he served until his death in 1942. He was a member of the Conservative Party.

Biography
He was born in Pakenham, Canada West (Pakenham, Ontario), the son of Alexander Gordon and Elizabeth Fraser, and was educated in Pembroke. In 1894, he married Alice Emma Perry. Before entering politics, Gordon was a lumber merchant in Sturgeon Falls and was head of several lumber companies. He also served as a director of the Bank of Nova Scotia. Gordon ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the House of Commons in 1904 defeated by Liberal C A McCool. Gordon defeated McCool in 1908 and was reelected to the House of Commons in 1911 but resigned his seat to allow Francis Cochrane to run for election in Nipissing. Gordon died in Toronto at the age of 76.

title: George Gordon (Canadian politician)


text:
Tax holiday

A tax holiday is a temporary reduction or elimination of a tax. It is synonymous with tax abatement, tax subsidy or tax reduction. Governments usually create tax holidays as incentives for business investment, although the arrangement has also been characterized as a form of corporate welfare that leads to a redistribution of resources away from smaller businesses and private citizens and towards monopolies and other forms of consolidated wealth.

Tax relief can be provided in the form of tax concessions to assure the investment of new businesses or the retention of existing ones. Tax holidays have been granted by governments at national, sub-national, and local levels, and have included income, property, sales, VAT, and other taxes. Some tax holidays are extra-statutory concessions, where governing bodies grant a reduction in tax that is not necessarily authorized within the law. In developing countries, governments sometimes reduce or eliminate corporate taxes for the purpose of attracting foreign direct investment or stimulating growth in selected industries.

A tax holiday may be granted to particular activities, in particular to develop a given area of business, or to particular taxpayers. Researchers found that on sales tax holidays, households increase the quantities of clothing and shoes bought by over 49% and 45%, respectively, relative to what they buy on average.

Sales tax holidays in the United States
In New York, a statewide sales tax holiday was first enacted by the New York legislature in 1996, enabling the first tax-free week in January 1997. Local governments in New York were given the option of whether or not to participate; most accepted. Since then, the initiative has been adopted by thirteen states. It commonly takes the form of tax-free weekend lasting Friday through Sunday, usually during a major shopping period for necessities, such as just before school starts. During that period, sales tax is not collected on selected items, such as clothing and school supplies. The items subject to the sales tax exemption may also be restricted by price (e.g., clothing up to $100), but consumers are free to buy unlimited quantities of the included items.

As with other sales taxes, visiting residents of non-participating states who purchase tax-free goods (holiday or not) may still have to pay use tax on the goods they take home.

Five US states (Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, and Oregon) do not impose general sales taxes at all but may have excise taxes on specific categories of goods such as gasoline, E911, cigarettes, alcohol, or meals. See Sales taxes in the United States for details.

Some governments create tax-free weekends as incentives for business investment.

title: Tax holiday


text:
Ave Maria (Schubert)

"Ellens dritter Gesang" ("Ellens Gesang III", D. 839, Op. 52, No. 6, 1825), in English: "Ellen's Third Song", was composed by Franz Schubert in 1825 as part of his Op. 52, a setting of seven songs from Walter Scott's 1810 popular narrative poem The Lady of the Lake, loosely translated into German.

It is one of Schubert's most popular works. Beyond the song as originally composed by Schubert, it is often performed and recorded by many singers under the title "Ave Maria" (the Latin name of the prayer Hail Mary, and also the opening words and refrain of Ellen's song, a song which is itself a prayer to the Virgin Mary), in musically simplified arrangements and with various lyrics that commonly differ from the original context of the poem. It was arranged in three versions for piano by Franz Liszt.

The Lady of the Lake and the "Ave Maria"
The piece was composed as a setting of a song (verse XXIX from Canto Three) from Walter Scott's popular narrative poem The Lady of the Lake, in a German translation by (1780–1822), and thus forms part of Schubert's Liederzyklus vom Fräulein vom See. In Scott's poem, the character Ellen Douglas, the Lady of the Lake (Loch Katrine in the Scottish Highlands), has gone with her exiled father to stay in the Goblin's cave as he has declined to join their previous host, Roderick Dhu, in rebellion against King James. Roderick Dhu, the chieftain of Clan Alpine, sets off up the mountain with his warriors, but lingers and hears the distant sound of the harpist Allan-bane, accompanying Ellen who sings a prayer addressed to the Virgin Mary, calling upon her for help. Roderick Dhu pauses, then goes on to battle.

Schubert's setting is said to have first been performed at the castle of Countess Sophie Weissenwolff in the little Austrian town of Steyregg and dedicated to her, which led to her becoming known as "the lady of the lake" herself.

The opening words and refrain of Ellen's song, namely "Ave Maria" (Latin for "Hail Mary"), may have led to the idea of adapting Schubert's melody as a setting for the full text of the traditional Roman Catholic prayer, "Ave Maria". The Latin version of the "Ave Maria" is now so frequently used with Schubert's melody that it has led to the misconception that he originally wrote the melody as a setting for the "Ave Maria" prayer.

Position within the cycle
In 1825, Schubert composed a selection of seven songs from Scott's The Lady of the Lake. They were published in 1826 as his Opus 52.

The songs are not intended for a single performer: the three songs of Ellen are for a woman's voice with piano accompaniment, while the songs for Norman and Malcolm Graeme were intended for the baritone Johann Michael Vogl. Of the remaining two songs, one was for a male ensemble and the other for a female ensemble.

 * 1) "Ellens Gesang I", D. 837, Raste Krieger, Krieg ist aus / "Soldier rest! the warfare o'er"
 * 2) "Ellens Gesang II", D. 838, Jäger, ruhe von der Jagd / "Huntsman, rest! thy chase is done"
 * 3) "Bootgesang" (Hail to the Chief), D. 835, Triumph, er naht / "who in triumph approaches", for male voice quartet
 * 4) "Coronach" (Deathsong of the women and girls), D. 836, Er ist uns geschieden / "He is gone to the mountain", for female choir
 * 5) "Normans Gesang", D. 846, Die Nacht bricht bald herein ("Night will soon be falling")
 * 6) "Ellens Gesang III" (Hymne an die Jungfrau / Hymn to the Virgin), D. 839, Ave Maria! Jungfrau mild / "Ave Maria! maiden mild!"
 * 7) "Lied des gefangenen Jägers", D. 843, Mein Roß so müd / "My steed is tired"

Schubert composed the songs to the German texts. However, with the exception of No. 5, the songs were clearly intended to be published with the original English texts as well. This meant finding correspondences to Storck's sometimes quite free translations, which entailed significant difficulties.

Use in Fantasia (1940)
Walt Disney used Schubert's song in the final part of his 1940 film Fantasia, where he linked it to Modest Mussorgsky's Night on Bald Mountain in one of his most famous pastiches. The end of Mussorgsky's work blends with almost no break into the beginning of Schubert's song, and as Deems Taylor remarked, the bells in Night on Bald Mountain, originally meant to signal the coming of dawn, which cause the demon Chernobog to stop his dark worship and the ghosts to return to the grave, now seem to be church bells signalling the beginning of religious services. A procession of monks is shown walking along. The text for this version is sung in English, and was written by Rachel Field. This version also had three stanzas, like Schubert's original, but only the third stanza made it into the film (one line in the last stanza is partially repeated to show how it is sung in the film):

The version heard in Fantasia was arranged by Leopold Stokowski especially for the film, and unlike the original, which is for a solo voice, is scored for soprano and mixed chorus, accompanied by the string section of the Philadelphia Orchestra. The soloist is Julietta Novis.

title: Ave Maria (Schubert)


text: User talk:69.248.82.224

title: User talk:69.248.82.224


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Free The Gnomes

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was REDIRECTED. dbenbenn | talk 23:20, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Free The Gnomes
BJAODN. RickK 05:56, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * I merged it to Garden Gnome Liberation Front right after you added the notice; it's now a redirect. My mistake, but might be the best plan here. humblefool® 06:01, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect. But Garden Gnome Liberation Front needs attention.  It does not mention, for example, that the GGLF meme is a prank/practical joke, or that it was mostly a 90's thing which has more or less played itself out.  Our article reads like the GGLF/FTG web-site, and pitches the gnome liberation schtick with a completely straight face.      NPOV does not require us to pretend it is serious, even if the pranksters themselves do. --00:27, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Simo Frangén

Simo Juhani Frangén (born 6 September 1963 in Ulvila, Finland) is a Finnish TV presenter and humourist, living in Tampere.

History
Frangén matriculated in 1982 and graduated as a Master of Social Sciences at the University of Tampere in 1990. His jobs include Nakkila city dump watchman in 1982, University of Tampere students' union journalist (on the magazine Aviisi) in 1987, journalist on the Tampere City magazine in 1988, assistant journalist on the humour magazine Pahkasika from 1983 to 1990 and assistant journalist on the magazine Rumba in 1985.

TV and radio work
Since 1990, Frangén has worked with Pasi Heikura and Jyrki Liikka on the show Alivaltiosihteeri on the YLE radio stations. He has also directed and written the Radiomafia show Kaupparatsu Frangén, appeared on the show Ekoisti on YLE TV2 in "Master Frangén's tip shop" and most recently, on two Finnish TV quiz shows: Frangén has received the following awards:
 * Maailman ympäri from 2000 to 2004
 * SF-Studio from 2004 to 2006
 * Venla for best TV performer in 2001
 * Telvis for best male TV performer in 2002
 * Musiikki & Media for TV personality of the year in 2001
 * Tamperean of the year in 2001

title: Simo Frangén


text:
Spudulike

Spudulike Ltd is a restaurant chain and franchise specialising in baked potatoes (potatoes being known as "spuds" in colloquial British English) that first opened in Edinburgh in 1974. Spudulike sold baked potatoes with various fillings, other potato based meals, and side dishes.

Spudulike Ltd was founded by Kim Culley and Barbara Cain. The company was acquired by the British School of Motoring (BSM) in 1979, which helped Spudulike to rapidly expand its business as a franchise operation. It later demerged from BSM, and in May 2001, it bought Courts Quality Foods, owner of rival potato brand Fat Jackets. Spudulike had fifty outlets across the United Kingdom in 2001, including twenty Courts franchises.

The company entered into one company voluntary arrangement in July 2019, in an attempt to restructure its debt, then on 1 August, filed for administration, with all thirty seven remaining outlets closed. Potato firm Albert Bartlett acquired a number of stores of Spudulike in September 2019, and reopened them in October 2019, with an updated menu. In October 2021, TV chef James Martin teamed up with Albert Bartlett to launch an updated Spudulike menu.

title: Spudulike


text:
Charles Robert Harrison

Charles Robert Harrison (July 3, 1868 – February 7, 1946) was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Nipissing in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1921. He was a Conservative member of Robert Borden's Unionist caucus.

Harrison, who was born in Frodingham, Lincolnshire, England, was a train conductor before entering politics.

He served only a single term, and was defeated by Edmond Lapierre in the 1921 election. He subsequently served a term in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, representing the provincial electoral district of Nipissing from 1930 to 1934 as a member of the Conservatives.

title: Charles Robert Harrison


text:
User talk:Maurreen/archive 3

Thanks for the cleanup medal!
I really appreciate your giving me the Janatorial services medal. Thanks. JesseW 02:56, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC)

tnx
Maurreen, I sensed your approbation, but I appreciate hearing from you and I'm glad I'm not holding the fort alone. I'm not sure which "one comment" you wanted single out, but I have a favorite (written only for those who can read), so I am allocating your compliment to that one. Tom P. Ortolan88 16:22, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Featured article
Thank you for your support, Maurreen. All objections have now been removed; apparently, I have to wait about another week in case other objections are made. If none are, then it's a featured article! :-) Slim 04:03, Dec 2, 2004 (UTC)

Advocacy
I'd be pleased to help, as I have my own bad experiences with jguk. How can I help? [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality/talk]] 04:10, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Hmm. The Arbitration Committee requires a timeline of evidence, such as this one. If we can put that together, then the AC might accept an arbitration request. [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality/talk]] 04:56, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)

Proposed way forward
I am concerned at our disagreement on WP:MOS. I think you would agree with me that it has got somewhat out of hand. I'd like to offer a way forward. I think we are in a situation where neither of us trusts the other, and our mutual distrust is creating some disruption on the MOS talk page. I know typed words do not allow conveyance of tone. Let me say that I am sincere and I wish to resolve our disagreements swiftly and amicably so we can both move on and carry on together here on Wikipedia.

My first proposal is that we agree a cooling off period: that we both agree not to edit the WP:MOS, the MOS talk page (including its subsidiary pages) or discuss the MOS with any other user for, say, fourteen days from your acceptance of the proposal. I think it would be interesting to see how the debate develops, if at all, without us; as well as give us a chance to do other things in Wikipedia that we want to do.

My second proposal is that we outline what our views are on a sub-page. I propose discussing what our MOS philosophy is, how we view our own actions and how we view each others actions. I don't want this to become a forum for personal attacks or carrying on the discussions on the WP:MOS talk page (although it would be useful to discuss our perceptions of our disagreements). I think if we knew where the other was coming from, we would at least be able to come to some mutual understanding of each other, even though we would still have disagreements.

I am therefore opening up a page on User talk:jguk/Maurreen and jguk. Please feel free to add your comments in due course. Meanwhile, I look forward to hearing your response to the proposed cooling off period. jguk 13:32, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the welcome
Hi Maurreen. I've made a rational for my comment in the manual of style, but mostly it was just a gut instinct. I can't wait to start learning all of the Wikicustoms ;) Sean Kelly 18:21, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Stylebooks
Maureen, I don't know about Canadian magazines and books. I know only that most newspapers follow Canadian Press (CP) style, usually with slight variations of their own. The problem with the CP stylebook is that it's badly written and sometimes wrong when referring to issues outside Canada. The Globe and Mail stylebook is, to the best of my knowledge, regarded as the clearest and most intelligent stylebook in Canada, and it does not follow CP style. Beyond that, I have no knowledge of what they do. Slim 00:07, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Wikidemia
Hi Maurreen. Thanks for your interest in the new project about academic research on Wikipedia, WikiProject Wikidemia. I think this project holds great promise for crafting linkages between Wikipedia and academia and for organizing our efforts to understand even better what helps make Wikipedia work so well. As you requested, I'll be sure to keep in touch about our progress. Tobacman 07:32, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Debate about deleting an image
Greetings. There is a spirited debate going on here about whether or not to delete Image:Nevada-Tan.jpg for privacy reasons. Since you have recently voiced an opinion on Divulging personal details, I thought you might be interested in weighing in. – Quadell (talk) (help)  18:46, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

No original research page
Hi Maurreen, thanks for letting me know about this. I'll take a look at it as soon as I get a minute. It's an issue I'm quite interested in, so I appreciate being asked to look at it. Best, Slim 05:21, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

Paragraphs
I also meant to ask you: Do you happen to know of any good (authoritative/reputable) writing guides regarding lengths of paragraphs? I've always been taught to write in short paragraphs, but I'm finding several editors here who say that good writing demands longer paragraphs. They express the view that one paragraph = one idea, which I agree with, but obviously my idea of what an idea is differs from theirs. I know shorter paragraphs tend to be preferred by newspapers but perhaps elsewhere it's different. If you know anything about this, or can think of a resource, please let me know. No worries if you don't have time. Slim 15:52, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the quote. Very useful. Yes, I am interested in changing it. I do have a tendency to write too short paragraphs so sometimes having them edited is useful, but I find some editors go to the other extreme and you end up with dense, unreadable material that looks bad on the page.

I've just edited the original research draft page. I'll have to go back for a copy edit, but had to leave it briefly because either Wikipedia or my computer is so slow today that it's almost unbearable. I'll go back into it now and see whether it'll let me do anything. I found a couple of the sections seemed to contradict the rest of the page, but I may have misunderstood them. I made quite a few changes. Slim 17:42, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

 * Quoth: ...minor edits, which aren't copyrightable...
 * Would you consider adding " " to your user page or User:Maurreen/Copyrights, which basically states that your minor edits are in the public domain (i.e. not copyrightable)?  It would be helpful just to have your explicit confirmation of that point, even if it is implied, just so there is never a question.    – Ram-Man (comment) (talk)   14:53, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

Adminship
I have nominated you for adminship. If interested, please accept at Requests for adminship/Maurreen. Taco Deposit | Talk-o Deposit 03:06, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

Disingenuity
Maurreen, I am breaking my self-imposed embargo on editing WP:MOS pages to remove the comments you added to the archives that were made on an RfC page. That RfC failed for lack of support. Under the policies of the RfC, where it fails, it is deleted. People making comments on that page do so in that knowledge. It is disingenuous of you to continue your harrassment of me by pasting comments that should be deleted into another forum. I should be grateful if you would now stop this vendetta you have against me. jguk 18:52, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

CamelCase
Why did you listed (or not? - I can't find it on a copyvio page) that article as copyright infringement? The mentioned page http://www.netbros.com/CamelCase lists Wikipedia as their source, so it must be the other way around. Grue 17:53, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Rat Park
Maurreen, I've nominated another article I wrote for featured article status. See Featured article candidates. It's called Rat Park and is about a largely forgotten psychology experiment. But I'll understand if you're too busy, so don't feel you have to look at it. It has long paragraphs, by my standards, at least. :-) Best, Slim 10:48, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * Don't worry, I quite understand. I'm finding the process interesting and annoying for the reasons you mentioned. Some very insightful responses; some quite wrong, in my view. Anyway, I contacted one of the most drugs-are-addictive POV warriors (a well-known scientist), and asked him to direct me to the most convincing drugs-are-addictive study that exists, and what he directed me to honestly doesn't amount to a hill of beans. If I'm to make that article NPOV in the way the objectors understand the term, I may have to make something up. That famous 2004 study by Professor SlimVirgin, conducted in a little known laboratory in a secret location. :-) Slim 02:27, Dec 18, 2004 (UTC)

Talk:List_of_words_having_different_meanings_in_British_and_American_English
Maureen,

would you like to chip in on the debate over the inclusion/exclusion of syrup at Talk:List_of_words_having_different_meanings_in_British_and_American_English?

Thanks

WLD 14:30, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team
Hello. I've joined the Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team. I've done some rearranging of the project page and posted some information that was previosuly decided on other pages to get us a good solid foundation for moving forward. I believe our next course of action should be taking the articles /topics you've listed on User:Maurreen/Basic_topics and deciding whether or not they fit the Version 1.0 Standard, or 0.5 Standard. And if they don't qualify as at least 0.5, we need to get them up to that level, either by ourselves, or listing them where others can contribute to them. After deciding what standard each article qualifies for, let's put them in bold text on the User:Maurreen/Basic_topics page, so it is easier to determine what still needs to be rated. Thanks, and I hope for a great future in the Wikipedia 1.0 Editorial Team. --Randy 02:23, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Update: I've made the page Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Pages_to_be_rated so that there we can organize what topics need to be sorted, and what has and hasn't already been sorted.  It's the same information on your user page under /Basic_topics, however I believe it will be less confusing if we have it under the project page.  By the way, if you dislike any way I have rearranged the project page, you are welcome to fix it to your likings.  I think I've covered a lot of information without a lengthy writeup.  Thanks.  --Randy 02:49, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Global English
Thanks for the pointer to International English. I'm sure it'll help me in the considerable work I've cut out for myself. — Jeff Q 08:34, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Serial comma
I feel we should just go ahead and re-re-direct the Oxford comma. The thing is that I don't know how to do it without getting rid of the edit history, which it would be nice to keep. Do you know, or do you know who might? Slim 11:48, Dec 21, 2004 (UTC)

VfD
Hello. An archive of the RfC that you filed, User:Amgine/Maureen's RfC is up for deletion. Vacuum c 03:19, Dec 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the tip-off on my talkpage. I'd prefer old disputes were left in the past, which is where they belong, rather than permanent records being kept of the merest thing. It's disappointing that many of the (presumably younger) Wikipedians on VfD feel differently. Anyway, as I said, thanks for the tip-off.

 * I see you have changed back my changes to the MoS. I have left three queries for you on the talk page. I'd be grateful if you would look at them and answer them. I would then suggest we do not re-address the issue for a while, and let other Wikipedians add their commments.

 * Finally, I never commented on your comment on the Manual's policy on punctuation. I too think this policy is odd. IMHO, the policy should follow the requirement that any form of standard English should be used, rather than peculiarly "splitting the difference" between British and American usage. I would add, however, that the American habit of including punctuation inside inverted commas even where the most logical approach would be to have it outside looks odd to a non-American. I would recommend only using that method of punctuation in articles that are clearly written in American (as opposed to, say, Canadian or Australian) English.

 * Kind regards, jguk 16:02, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

International English
The International English article about which you made a flattering comment about, is, I believe, much worsened. User:SlimVirgin, while admitting to knowing almost nothing about the topic, not even sure that "International English" actually exists, is making unilateral and undiscussed changes. This follows on an argument about a statement in British English. You may be able to mediate on this and on the following changes which User:SlimVirgin has made. I have no belief that the International English article is anywhere near perfect, but think it has been far worsened. The version I prefer is at user:Jallan/International English. Jallan 07:45, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree that it would be helpful to have Maurreen check out the article. The page on International English, as it stood, was a good example of the importance of providing clear, authoritative references, and of providing quotes from those sources that are relevant and are used in context. The article was an example of "original research" in my view, with academics being quoted out of context, and irrelevant and unauthoritative primary sources being used in an unscholarly fashion to produce what Jimbo Wales has called a "novel narrative." (The website of a Harry Potter fan, for example, was used to show that there is such a thing as "international English".)

 * It is true that some TEFL and TESL language schools have tried to introduce the term "international English" as a money-making tool, so they have an extra something to offer their students, who invariably want to learn American English, but American English teachers are not always available. To compensate for that deficit, language schools have been trying to introduce the idea of "international English" since the 70s, with little success to the best of my knowledge, though my knowledge of this may be outdated. In the academic world, the term seems to be used as a theoretical construct. I stand to be corrected, but I want to be corrected by authoritative sources, not by personal websites returned by a Google search.

 * I've deleted the worst of the unreferenced claims from this article, which has left it somewhat emasculated, so it needs to be filled out, but a decision will have to be made about the direction it's going to take. The article should probably seek to answer these questions: (1) Does international English exist? (2) Who says it does? (3) If we had to write an article in international English, how would we find out how to write it? (4) If it's mostly a theoretical construct used by academics, what is the purpose of it; and what does it tell us about the future of the language and the current influences upon it? (5) Who are the academics who mostly discuss it; and what do they say? (6) Are language schools teaching it; and if so, where and how? My own view is that the subject is not worth the work. Slim 09:15, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your note, but I should add please don't feel you have to do anything because it's a lot of work. Slim 21:55, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks much Maurreen. I purposely stayed away for a couple of days to let things cool down. I very much appreciate your work and your getting others involved. Jallan 03:49, 2 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Objecting to a FAC for want of a comma
Are you now proposing that as far as FACs are proposed, every nuance of the MOS should be strictly adhered to? Even the bits where people have been suggesting we don't get so wound up about because it's not binding? If so, I can see our arguments on the details of Oxford commas and "US" rearing their ugly heads again. I hope you reconsider and withdraw your objection, jguk 23:24, 2 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Is this in the MOS? I've checked the main MOS and Manual of Style (dates and numbers), and can't find it there either. I can't find it anywhere, in fact. Slim 00:54, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

Version 1.0 Editorial Team
Hi, Sundar. I was wondering whether you're still interested in this project and whether you have any suggestions or comments. Maurreen 08:01, 2 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Maureen. Of late, I'm not able to devote a lot of time to Wikipedia. However, I continue to make some small edits. I am in principle a supporter of the Version 1.0 Editorial Team, but sorry that I won't be able to contribute actively and significantly for the effort. I'll continue to watch that, though. -- Sundar 06:27, Jan 3, 2005 (UTC)

Commas in dates
Hi Maurreen, would you mind supplying a reference for the second comma thing in September 11, 2001, attacks? I see you've placed an objection to it becoming a featured article because of it. I'm intrigued by this because you mentioned it to me a few weeks ago, and raised a similar objection with Bernard Williams. I haven't been able to find any references regarding a comma in a date that is a stand-alone phrase and not part of a sentence. I've checked AP, CP, Guardian and Globe & Mail style books, as well as Strunk and White, and Bill Walsh's Lapsing into a Comma. I'm wondering if you've misunderstood apposition. In this case, the date modifies the word "attack". I could be wrong, of course. I do know that the second-comma-in-a date rule was taught in America in the 70s, but I'm not sure it's taught nowadays. If you have a style guide reference, would you mind supplying a quote and a page number? I'm interested in knowing who's saying what about this issue, and I'm very surprised I haven't been able to find anything. Slim 00:54, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, I have no problem with your suggestion. Best, Slim 06:47, Jan 4, 2005 (UTC)

Olive branch
Thanks, Maurreen. Very decent of you and I'm glad to accept and return your well wishes. You feel very strongly about language and I certainly understand that (I am also a copy editor). I can see how what I wrote could raise your hackles and I hope that you'll understand that it's not personal animosity, just the situation and, as you suggest, a lapse in communication that led to our having a (very minor) contretemps.Dr Zen 05:02, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

"Compared to" or "compared with"?
Oh boy, we could get into a great copy editing debate over that one! Then we could arm-wrestle about "teen-age" vs. "teenage"! (I bow to your change, since I'm not sure which way I prefer and your other tweaks were right on the money.) - DavidWBrooks 13:51, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * I was a copy editor for a half-dozen years at the Nashua Telegraph before returning to reporting. (I decided I had to go back the day a reporter came up when I was page designing and said "I've got a good story", and my first response was: "How long is it?") - DavidWBrooks 13:48, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Red links
LOL, I'm laughing at the comment above. :-)

I wondered whether, on your travels through the Manual of Style and related pages, you had come across any guidelines for red links. I always remove red links from articles, but I've just encountered an editor who insists on actually editing them into articles, even for very obscure organizations that will likely never be written about. They make articles look badly edited and hard to read, in my view. I was therefore wondering whether there's a policy or suggestion about wikifying in general (number of blue links in articles) and red links specifically, but I've looked around and can't find anything. Please don't go to any trouble searching, but if you happen to see something, please let me know.

Hope all is well elsewhere. SlimVirgin 06:02, Jan 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * Maurreen, that is extremely helpful, thank you. In case of it's interest to you, I found what I feel is an error on that page, and I've posted it at Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style (links). It says that external links used to create articles should be listed under "External links", but elsewhere in Wikipedia, it says that any material used to create an article must be listed under "References". This might explain (in part) why over 40 per cent of Featured Articles have no references, and why so many nominations fail because they have no References section. I'd like to rewrite that bit, but don't know if that's allowed because it's a policy document. SlimVirgin 23:01, Jan 10, 2005 (UTC)

Credibility
How goes the Wikipedia Credibility struggle? From what I've read, it seem obvious the community isn't going to go for anything very elaborate or constrictive. But we must find a way to at least disclaim the latest anon or other low-trust edits. Have you been making any progress anywhere on this front? Tom H. 21:36, Jan 11, 2005 (UTC)

I have decided for the time being that this issue is important enough that I am dedicating my User page to it. What is your reaction to the proposal there? I have actually backed off quite a bit from an approval process. Tom H. 14:18, Jan 12, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the good feedback. It is not a perfect proposal, but it might be about the least we could do to get a little credibility without upsetting our status quo. Tom H. 19:15, Jan 12, 2005 (UTC)

Original research
No worries, Maurreen, I didn't take it that way. SlimVirgin 05:20, Jan 17, 2005 (UTC)

Cite sources
I'd like to suggest that Cite sources become policy and not just a guideline. Is that something you would support? SlimVirgin 08:23, Jan 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * No, I wouldn't want to see articles deleted. They're not currently deleted for being NPOV or for containing original research: they're just fixed, if fixable. It would be the same with cite sources. Really, I just want something that will concentrate editors' minds on fact-checking and references, and will strengthen the hand of editors who ask for references. Also, I feel bad for the featured article nominees. They work very hard on their articles, produce some great stuff, then suddenly there are a thousand objections hitting them because of lack of references (and rightly so); yet it isn't spelled out to them anywhere that they MUST provide references. In my view, no original research and cite sources go hand in hand and should both be policy, because the only way I can show that my edit isn't original research is to cite my source. I've put up a note at Wikipedia Talk:Cite sources too. SlimVirgin 20:31, Jan 19, 2005 (UTC)

Categorization of people
Hi Maurreen,

Quite some time ago you asked twice whether Categorization of people should still be RfC. Sorry for not noticing (and reacting) any sooner. No, this article should no longer be RfC, neither should it any longer be "thinktank" either, I suppose.

I found no further remarks nor comments regarding this guideline proposal, so I think I can move it to category:wikipedia policies and guidelines straight away (or is a "semi-policy"-period advisable?)

PS: accidently I saw you had been active on Use of the word terrorism (policy development) archive (without reading that whole archive). With the help of "categorization of People"-guideline I had re-written the "category definition" of "category:terrorists". After considerable time, that description of "terrorists" still seems to stand...

--Francis Schonken 17:20, 22 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for removing categorization of people from RfC. I had a big laugh about "Interest in policy development seems to have died out...": come & see Dutch wikipedia where policy development is a very hot topic right now! --Francis Schonken 08:58, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I understand, sorry to have misread. I think all the "terrorist fuss" was rather linked to American presidential elections at that time (partially linked to the Bush administration using a rather, let's say, "unconventional" definition of terrorism - so the definition of terrorism was a political issue overflowing into wikipedia). No wonder less people are interested in it now. And no, I don't think this ever should be subject of a wikipedia policy/guideline, it is too "ad hoc". I prefer creative solutions, like the one I tried at List of borderline fictional characters for "Guantanamo bay top terrorists". Found out this morning this had been removed from the list some 1 1/2 month ago. Tried to restore the point this morning - we'll see how long it stands. --Francis Schonken 10:49, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Newspapers
Why is there need for both newspapers by continent and newspapers by country categories? - SimonP 03:00, Jan 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * The same argument would apply to almost all subjects, but pretty much nothing else has by continent categories splitting up the by country articles. - SimonP 03:16, Jan 24, 2005 (UTC)

Hi Maurreen
I am still working on the title. I am asking around. I am considering "Cultural effects on politics" or "Cultural determinates on politics". I like the latter. On the Deletion vote page, can I get you to clarify your vote as a "keep" or a "weak keep". I would definitely appreciate it. Thanks.WHEELER 16:56, 31 Jan 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Maurreen/archive 3


text:
Talk:Question P

Untitled
Question: how were the candidates election when there were three-member districts?

Tabletop 06:00, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Does the change achieve its aim?
It is not clear that the change to the voting system achieves its stated aim of helping less-established candidates run and win.

"Less-established" is taken to mean "minor party" or "not one of the two major parties (R) or (D)".

If the previous system elected 3 members in 6 electorates using some kind of proportional representation such as Choice Voting, STV or Cummulative Voting, then that implies a hurdle of about 25% to get elected.

Proposition P, introduces 1 member electorates with a hurdle of 51%, which is twice as difficult for less-established members.

If the previous system was some kind of at-large voting within each 3 member electorate and each voter having 3 votes, then that system is liable to elect lopsided results, 3x(R) or 3x(D), and only occasionally mixed results such as 1x(R)+2x(D) or 2x(R)+1x(D).

In that case having 14 x 1 member electorates is more likely to have a mixture of (R) and (D), depending on how the electorate borders are gerrymandered.

The 14 x 1 member system only really helps less-established candidates if their supporters are concentrated in particular electorates.

The 14 x 1 member system is of little help for less-established candidates whose support is spread evenly over the whole city.

 * Under the previous system, each district had three representatives, and each voter cast up to three equally weighted votes. The new system improves accountability at the district level, as every constituent has a single representative.   It also gives "outsider" candidates a somewhat better chance because the district they have to canvas is smaller and thus less costly to cover.  It is true that, for example, keeping the three-member districts and moving to a single-transferrable vote system might have opened things up for more proportionality.

 * Baltimore is an overwhelmingly Democratic city. Before and after the change, the city council was and is entirely Democratic.  The real electoral action is in the Democratic primary; however, because of a one-time quirk in Baltimore electoral law, the primary election for the first post-Question P council was in September 2003 and the general election November *2004*.  This meant that less-established candidates didn't really have a chance to get an organization going in time for the primary election; this combined with the fact that the new districts were gerrymanded to favor the incumbent council members to return most incumbants to office.  The general election did see some Republican and Green candidates get closer to the Democratic victors than usual, but no race was really competitive.  The next council election may be more competitive, at least at the primary level.  --Jfruh 21:26, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * In the previous system, could a voter cast all three votes for the same candidate, or had the votes to be cast for three different candidates? Illinois once had a voting system  that allowed voters to cast their three votes to one, two or three candidates, and this system did result in some D victors in R strongholds and visa versa.  This system was abolished when other changes were done around 1960. The members of the state congrss apparently did not notice this little clause being snuck in in the bill.

 * Voters could not cast multiple times for the same person. Voting went strictly along bloc voting lines.  --Jfruh (talk) 15:25, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Question P


text:
Talk:Trelane

Why I think Trelane is not Q
In the Voyager episode "Q2", Q said his son q was the first to be born in the Q continuum. Since Trelane had parents, I think that means Trelane isn't Q. Q0 06:00, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Could be over linear thinking, trelane could have happened later to the q or could even be q's sone, the q are not bound by time after all —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.67.40.194 (talk) 15:40, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree that Trelane probably wasn't a Q, but for a different reason. My reason is simply that Trelane needed a machine to execute his powers, whereas Qs don't need any machinery to execute their powers. That's true of Q even in infancy: little q could "knock small planets out of orbit" at the equivalent age of about six months (per Q's boasting in "The Q and the Grey").

 * Also, I have to point out that there was one other Q who had parents: Amanda Rogers. However, Amanda wasn't born in the Continuum; baby q was. Randee15 07:46, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * No one said that Trelane was born in the Q Continuum. In fact, his parents may have been "rogue" Q, just as Amanda's parents were, therefore preserving the "fact" given by Q that no other children were born in the Continuum.  We shouldn't forget that Q wasn't always truthful, and was prone to exageration/boasting.  It may have been a huge ego boost for him to declare that HIS son was the only child born in the continuum.  Also, in the main text of the aticle, it pointed out that Trelane's powers were unaffected when one of his machies was destroyed - so maybe he wasn't reliant on the machines for his powers.  Even if Trelane did need to use the machines, this could be because his parents had "limited" his powers, to exert some kind of "parental control" over him.  These points surely leave open the possibility that Trelane (and his parents) could have been Q.

Canon evidence that the machine was not a ruse
When Trelane intercepted the fleeing Enterprise and teleported Kirk back to Gothos, Kirk commented about the destruction of the machine; Trelane made several comments in return. Among them: "And did you really think that was the only medium of instrumentality at my command?" and "And this time my instrumentality is unbreakable." Logically, neither of these statements implies the machine was necessary, but within the context of the story it seems clear the writers intended the viewer to believe it was. There is no evidence in the story that the machinery was a ruse, and some evidence that it was not. Before I edit the article to reflect this, I thought I'd give other readers a chance to comment. -- Balok 00:13, 3 June 2006 (UTC)

Merging
If this should be merged with anything, I think it's the entry for "The Squire of Gothos." It reads like a synopsis of the episode. Gotham23 (talk) 22:46, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Trelane


text:
Tattersalls

Tattersalls (formerly Tattersall's) is the main auctioneer of race horses in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Founding

It was founded in 1766 by Richard Tattersall (1724–1795), who had been stud groom to the second Duke of Kingston. The first premises occupied were near Hyde Park Corner, in what was then the outskirts of London. Two "Subscription rooms" were reserved for members of the Jockey Club, and they became the rendezvous for sporting and betting men. Among the famous dispersal sales conducted by "Old Tatt" were those of the Duke of Kingston's stud in 1774 and of the stud of the Prince of Wales (afterwards George IV) in 1786. The prince often visited Richard Tattersall, and was joint proprietor with him of the Morning Post for several years. He was succeeded by his son, Edmund Tattersall (1758–1810), who extended the business of the firm to France. The third of the dynasty, Richard Tattersall (1785–1859), the eldest of Edmund's three sons, became head of the firm at his father's death. He had his grandfather's ability and tact, and was the intimate of the best sporting men of his time. Another Richard Tattersall (1812–1870), son of the last, then took command of the business. His great-grandfather's 99-year lease having expired, he moved the business to Knightsbridge in 1865. Richard was followed by his cousin, Edmund Tattersall (1816–1898), and he by his eldest son, Edmund Somerville Tattersall (1863–1942).

20th century

Tattersall's remained a family business until Somerville Tattersall's death in 1942, when it was passed to his partners, Gerald Deane, Robert Needham and Terrence Watt. At this time Major Gerald Deane took over as chairman. In 1965 it introduced bloodstock auctions at Park Paddocks, Newmarket, and in 1988 it also began holding auctions at Old Fairyhouse in County Meath, Ireland. Tattersalls Ltd (which has dropped the apostrophe from its name) is now based in Newmarket. There is a separate company in Ireland, but it shares some of the same directors.

21st century
, Tattersalls is the leading bloodstock auctioneer in Europe, selling 10,000 horses a year. It still prices horses in guineas (originally 21 shillings and now one pound and five pence), in accordance with horse-racing tradition.

This firm (at the time trading under the style of "Messrs. Tattersall") has the distinction of setting a judicial precedent on the taxability of unclaimed balances (purchase moneys for horses that had been paid to the firm but which had gone unclaimed for substantial periods of time by the firm's clients). In Morley v Tattersall (1938), the English Court of Appeal held that such sums were not to be treated as profits for the purposes of income tax.

In Ireland, a yearling Sadler's Wells filly, who would be named Liffey Dancer, set a new world record price of $5,330,000 at the October Tattersalls Book 1 sale. (The previous sale record price was set at the 2000 Keeneland yearling sale for Moon's Whisper at $4.4 million.) Liffey Dancer, out of the mare, Brigid, was sold to mobile-phone executive, Craig Bennett. She is a full sister to 2000 Irish champion juvenile filly, Sequoyah and to the 2007 Group I winning filly called Listen.

In 2014 Tattersalls Ltd announced that it had acquired a majority stake in Osarus; a bloodstock-sales company based in the South West region of France which has been rapidly establishing itself within the French market since its founding in 2007. The purchase was a reflection of the French racing and breeding industry at the time, which (according to Tattersalls chairman) is respected and admired throughout the world.

Continuing in this trend, Tattersalls Ltd, announced the completion of its purchase of the bloodstock auctioneering business of Brightwells Ltd in October 2015. It planned to promote the former Brightwells Bloodstock division as the Tattersalls Ireland Cheltenham and Tattersalls Ireland Ascot Sales.

title: Tattersalls


text:
User:Irpen

I should be keeping here a list of articles to show my circle of interests to anyone who is interested. Since I ceased maintaining this list, I removed it for now but you can of course check out my contributions to the Wikipedia Main namespace.

If you want to enter into an email correspondence with me, please use the email this user link. --Irpen

title: User:Irpen


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/On the Justice of Roosting Chickens

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. dbenbenn | talk 23:15, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

On the Justice of Roosting Chickens
Somebody ranting. -- Curps 06:03, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, personal essay. --Goobergunch|? 06:04, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC) Keep new article. --Goobergunch|? 01:42, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, personal essay, and if it isn't a copyvio too I'll eat my hat. -- Antaeus Feldspar 06:07, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete rant. all of them under 12 is an obvious falsehood.  Even if this were true, which it isn't, it isn't ours.  RickK 06:08, Feb 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Ranting and raving. Inter 12:12, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, un-encyclopaedic POV rant, copyright violation. Megan1967 00:15, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, now it's totally rewritten. -- Toytoy 08:29, Feb 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * You shouldn't have removed the VfD notice while there's still a vote going on... also, you should have used the /Temp page to create a new article. Perhaps the voting should start anew, though, since this is now an entirely different article. -- Curps 19:39, 4 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, thanks for your noticing. -- Toytoy 04:37, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The new version looks just fine. LizardWizard 04:38, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. New version is much better. Gwimpey 05:24, Feb 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Attracted a lot of attention. Thanks to Toytoy for rewriting. Capitalistroadster 02:30, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable book. --FOo 16:58, 6 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Backs up the article Ward Churchill. Fred Bauder 22:42, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth. GRider\talk 22:15, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. as revised the article iw worthwhile. -Willmcw 23:40, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.