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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Harvey Flaumenhaft

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was NO CONSENSUS. dbenbenn | talk 22:53, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Harvey Flaumenhaft
I don't think this meets customary Wikipedian standards for notability for biographies. Entire page content is "Dean of St. John's College, Annapolis MD. Frequently lectures on the Conics of Apollonius. Notorious for delivering lectures in multiple parts. See also St. John's College." Wikipedia is not RateMyProfessors.com. Dpbsmith (talk) 23:43, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * He's only notable for teaching lectures in multiple parts. Delete Radiant! 23:58, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep passes our published standard for biography on wikipedia as he is above an average professor being dean of a college. although this bio is crap at the moment.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 05:50, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * The "professor test" is "an alternative that has been proposed." Clearly someone less notable than the average professor should not be included, but I don't think anyone ever meant to suggest that Wikipedia should include biographies of about half the professors in the United States. Or even all the Deans. Dpbsmith (talk) 11:46, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and Cleanup. Has written a book The Effective Republic. Capitalistroadster 06:51, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, it'll grow. Wyss 11:45, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I wonder what proportion of professors are more notable than average. It depends on the skewness the distribution. For example, if the vast majority of them are non-notable, but there are a few extremely notable ones to raise the average, then the proportion will be quite small. Kappa 13:40, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * (I wondered whether anyone would bring that up...) Dpbsmith (talk) 18:43, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * No evidence presented that he exceeds the recommended criteria for inclusion of biographies. (Holding the administrative position of Dean is insufficient evidence that he passes the "average professor" test.  Publishing a single book which as an Amazon sales ranking of 1,599,470 is also insufficient.)  Unless further evidence can be found, delete.  Rossami (talk) 14:56, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Notability not established.   I don't think the "average professor" test is meant to be taken literally and to require that we have articles on half the professors.    The vast majority of them aren't notable, their pretensions otherwise notwithstanding.  --BM 17:02, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, cleanup and expand. Megan1967 05:39, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Absolutely nothing notable here. Gamaliel 07:36, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and allow for organic growth. GRider\talk 00:58, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. See criteria for inclusion of biographies. --Pjacobi 00:53, 2005 Feb 21 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Cave of Mayrières supérieure

The Cave of Mayrières supérieure (Grotte de Mayrières supérieure, Upper Mayriere Cave) is an archaeological site near Bruniquel, Tarn-et-Garonne, France, which contained two prehistoric cave paintings of bison until they were erased during an attempt to remove modern graffiti by members of the Eclaireurs de France, a French scouting association. The act earned them the 1992 Ig Nobel Prize in Archaeology.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cave of Mayrières supérieure


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Talk:Sue Gerhardt

Untitled
This text was added by 165.228.20.59. Only edit by this IP. Is it appropriate to this article?

n.b. Interested readers should also refer to the recent works of Arthur Janov (Primal Therapy). His books have been pointing out the physical effects of love (and it's lack) on the developing human brain for several years now. www.primaltherapy.com

 * Yes, I believe Janov's work is very much related to this article. I have put a wikilink to the 'Primal therapy' article in the 'See also' section. SweetP112 03:27, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sue Gerhardt


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Paiwan people

The Paiwan (Kacalisian; ) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. They speak the Paiwan language. In 2014, the Paiwan numbered 96,334. This was approximately 17.8% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them the second-largest indigenous group.

The majority of Paiwan people live in the southern chain of the Central Mountain Range, from Damumu Mountain and the upper Wuluo River in the north of the southern chain to the Hengchun Peninsula in the south of it, and also in the hills and coastal plains of southeastern Taiwan. There are two subgroups under the Paiwan people: the Raval and the Butsul.

The unique ceremonies in Paiwan are Masaru and Maleveq. The Masaru is a ceremony that celebrates the harvest of rice, whereas the Maleveq commemorates their ancestors or gods.

History

The name "Paiwan" may have originated from a myth. According to the myth, Paiwan ancestors lived in a location on Dawu mountain (Tawushan) that was called "Paiwan", where heaven is said to exist. Paiwan people have spread out from this location, so the name of the original place was assumed as their group name. According to some group members, "Paiwan" also means "human being".

One of the most important figures in Paiwan history was supreme chief Tok-a-Tok (c. 1817–1874), who united 18 tribes of Paiwan under his rule, and after defeating American Marines during the Formosa Expedition in 1867 he concluded a formal agreement with Chinese and Western leaders to ensure the safety of foreign ships landing on their coastal territories in return for amnesty for Paiwan tribesmen who had killed the crew of the barque Rover in March 1867 (see Rover incident).

In 1871, a Ryūkyūan vessel shipwrecked on the southern tip of Taiwan, and 54 of the 66 survivors were beheaded by the Paiwan indigenous (Mudan Incident). When Japan sought compensation from Qing China, the court rejected the demand on the grounds that Taiwan's "raw" or "wild" natives were outside its jurisdiction. This perceived renunciation of sovereignty led to the Japanese invasion of Taiwan in 1874 in which chief Tok-a-Tok was killed in action.

During the Chinese Civil War, between 1946 and 1949, many Paiwan men were forcibly enlisted in the Kuomintang forces. When the war ended, some of the Paiwan remained behind in China and formed their own communities.

Tsai Ing-wen, elected as President of Taiwan in 2016, is 1/4 Paiwan via her grandmother.

In 2023 the skulls of four Paiwan warriors taken as trophies during the Japanese invasion of Taiwan in 1874 and transferred to the collection of the University of Edinburgh in 1907 were returned to the tribe.

Customs
Unlike other peoples in Taiwan, Paiwan society is divided into classes with a hereditary aristocracy. The Paiwan are not allowed to marry outside their group. On the day of their "five-yearly rite," all marriage-seeking Paiwan men try to cut down as many trees as possible and offer the firewood thus procured to the family of the girl they want to marry.

Tattooed hands are a tradition of both Paiwan and Rukai peoples. Noble women used to receive these tattoos as a rite of passage into adulthood. However, since the Japanese colonial era, the practice has been less common as it was discouraged and fined during that time. In the tradition, shamans would tattoo hands in different patterns for different personal backgrounds. Less noble women could have received it, but they had to pay a hefty price on top of inviting all members of the community to a banquet with the purpose of gaining the community's approval. Less noble women had different tattoo designs than noblewomen. The painful tattooing process represented dignity and honor and the suffering that one could endure. The tattooing process lasts as long as it needs to with consideration for many taboos and nuances, such as praying. For example, pregnant women were not allowed to watch the process and no one watching was allowed to sneeze. If any taboos were broken, the ritual would be put off until another day chosen.

In February 2015, Li Lin, the oldest Paiwan with hand tattoos, died at the age of 102. Li Lin had her hand tattoos starting at the age of 14 before marrying a village head as a common girl. She played a large role in promoting the cultural art form and continues to be an icon of cultural identity even in her death.

Clothing
Those of the indigenous Paiwan group have a unique kind of clothing scheme with details that differentiate societal class, gender, and ceremonies. Materials used for clothing started out as bark fibers and pelts, but linen, cotton, and wool fabrics later became popular. The men wear circular-collar long-sleeved short chest coverings with buttons down the front and kilts, and a shawl slung over the shoulder. Women of the indigenous group as well wear circular-collar robes but with buttons going down along their right side with panel skirts, and leggings. In addition, they wear head scarves, elaborate head rings, or forehead bands. In solemn ceremonies, Paiwan men wear ceremonial headwear, long vests, leg coverings, and sword baldrics. As for dance attire there is no difference in clothing, however it is common to wear one’s nicest clothes for special occasions. When children grew up and were about to get married, the mothers personally made their traditional clothing for them.

Intricate and grand patterns, totems, and clothing are exclusively for nobles and the chief in the Paiwan group. Be it designs with human heads, human figures or hundred pace vipers, these patterns are used to decipher those of high class society from the rest of the members belonging to the group. The chief and others belonging to the high society of the Paiwan people also use tattoos to distinguish themselves, too. Commoners with special achievements are honored with tattoo(s) on their body and/or hands.

Embroidery is popularly done with bright colors over dark, commonly black, backgrounds. Embroidery is important to the Paiwan people because it is used for Telling stories, sharing one’s memories, and legends/folktales. Hundred-pacer snakes, elements, and symbols such as the Sun and Sun god are used solely for the nobility. These represent and bring power to those who have these symbols. Designs with human heads and ancestral spirits signifies protection, while warriors and crossed-shaped patterns are symbols shamans can use to ward off evil. Patterns with hunting knives and animals are common as well, and when you see butterflies it is to symbolize innocent young girls, as flowers and grass are for ordinary people.

Religion

Traditionally the Paiwan have been polytheists. Their wooden carvings included images of human heads, snakes, deer, and geometric designs. In Taiwan, the Bataul branch of the Paiwan peoples holds a major sacrifice – called maleveq – every five years to invite the spirits of their ancestors to come and bless them. Djemuljat is an activity in the Maleveq in which the participants thrust bamboo poles into cane balls symbolizing human heads.

Shamanism
Shamanism has been described as an important part of Paiwan culture. Paiwan shamanism is traditionally seen as being inherited by blood-line. However, a decline in the number of Paiwan shamans has raised concerns that traditional rituals might be lost; and has led to the founding of a shamanism school to pass on the rituals to a new generation.

Christianity
Thousands of Paiwan people in Taiwan converted to Christianity in the late 1940s and 1950s, sometimes whole villages. Today the Presbyterian church in Taiwan claims 14,900 Paiwan members, meeting in 96 congregations. The New Testament has been translated into Paiwan. The Catholic Church is also very active. The number of young people attending though is falling.

Heritage
In May 2015, two Paiwan totem poles were listed as ROC national treasures by the Bureau of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture. Both of these artifacts were acquired by the National Taiwan University during the Japanese colonial period (1895–1945). They were submitted for national treasure listing earlier in 2015.

The Paiwan language is one of Taiwan's 42 indigenous tongues and dialects, being one of nine that are listed as vulnerable on the UNESCO atlas of endangered languages.

Notable Paiwan people

 * Calivat Gadu, Deputy Minister of the Council of Indigenous Peoples
 * Chen Shih-chieh, weightlifter
 * Chien Tung-ming (Uliw Qaljupayare), member of Legislative Yuan
 * Lai Chu-en, boxer
 * Ahronglong Sakinu, writer
 * Ma Chih-hung, luger
 * ABAO, singer
 * Power Station, Paiwan Mandopop band
 * Yang Yung-wei, judoka, Olympic silver medalist

title: Paiwan people


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Big Sheet

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Joyous 21:19, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Big Sheet
An Excel spreadsheet created by a person unknown to Google. This might be the least significant article I've ever seen. --Lee Hunter 23:47, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, hoax. Google for "mike mixon" + "big sheet" or for "mike mixon" + "spreadsheet" got no hits. --Idont Havaname 01:26, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete garbage. Cleduc 04:08, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - speedy? Patent Nonsense.--ZayZayEM 08:43, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, some sort of vanity self-promotion or whatever, nonsense... speedy anyone? Wyss 11:38, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Big Ego more like ! --Brookie 12:15, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense. No google hits. --jag123 20:58, 13 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. BLANKFAZE | (что??) 19:52, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Useless and vain. No grounds for Speedy, though. vlad_mv 14:49, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Meghna River

The Meghna (মেঘনা নদী) is one of the major rivers in Bangladesh, one of the three that form the Ganges Delta, the largest delta on earth, which fans out to the Bay of Bengal. A part of the Surma-Meghna River System, the Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh in Kishoreganj District above the town of Bhairab Bazar by the joining of the Surma and the Kushiyara, both of which originate in the hilly regions of eastern India as the Barak River. The Meghna meets its major tributary, the Padma, in Chandpur District. Other major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari, the Gumti, and the Feni. The Meghna empties into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District via four principal mouths, named Tetulia (Ilsha), Shahbazpur, Hatia, and Bamni.

The Meghna is the widest river that flows completely inside the boundaries of Bangladesh. At a point near Bhola, Meghna is 13 km wide. In its lower reaches, this river's path is almost perfectly straight.

Course
The Meghna is formed by the confluence of the Surma and Kushiyara rivers originating from the hilly regions of eastern India. Down to Chandpur, Meghna is hydrographically referred to as the Upper Meghna. After the Padma joins, it is referred to as the Lower Meghna.

Near Muladhuli in Barisal district, the Safipur River is an offshoot of the Surma that creates one of the main rivers in South Bengal. 1.5 km wide, this river is one of the widest in the country as well.

At Chatalpar of Brahmanbaria District, the river Titas emerges from Meghna and after circling two large bends by a distance of about 150 mi, falls into the Meghna again near Nabinagar Upazila. The Titas forms as a single stream but braids into two distinct streams that remain separate before re-joining the Meghna.

In Daudkandi, (Comilla District), the Meghna is joined by the Gumti River, which increases the Meghna water flow considerably. The pair of bridges over the Meghna and Gumti are two of the country's largest bridges.

Meghna is reinforced by the Dhaleshwari before Chandpur. Further down, the Padma River- the largest distributary of the Ganges in Bangladesh, along with the Jamuna River- the largest distributary of the Brahmaputra, join with the Meghna in Chandpur District, resulting in the Lower Meghna.

After Chandpur, the combined flow of the Padma, Jamuna, and Meghna moves down to the Bay of Bengal in an almost straight line, braiding occasionally into a number of riverines including the Pagli, Katalia, Dhonagoda, Matlab, and Udhamodi. All of these rivers rejoin the Meghna at different points downstream.

Near Bhola, just before flowing into the Bay of Bengal, the river again divides into two main streams in the Ganges delta and separates an island from both sides of the mainland. The western stream is called Ilsha while the eastern one is called Bamni. They form the largest delta named Ganges delta.

title: Meghna River


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Thomas Lincoln

Thomas Lincoln Sr. (January 6, 1778 – January 17, 1851) was an American farmer, carpenter, and father of the 16th president of the United States, Abraham Lincoln. Unlike some of his ancestors, Thomas could not write. He struggled to make a successful living for his family and faced difficult challenges in Kentucky real estate boundary and title disputes, the early death of his first wife, and the integration of his second wife's family into his own family, before making his final home in Illinois.

Ancestors
Lincoln was descended from Samuel Lincoln, a respected Puritan weaver, businessman and trader from the County of Norfolk in East Anglia who landed in Hingham in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637. Some Lincolns later migrated into Berks County, Pennsylvania, where they intermarried with Quakers, but did not retain the peculiar ways. According to the National Humanities Center, both Quakers and Puritans were opposed to slavery even though many profited from it.

Noteworthy ancestors include Samuel's grandson, Mordecai (1686–1736) who married Hannah Salter from a prominent political family, and made a name for himself in Pennsylvania society as a wealthy landowner and ironmaster. Mordecai and Hannah's son, John Lincoln (1716–1788) settled in Rockingham County, Virginia and built a large, prosperous farm nestled in the Shenandoah Valley.

"Abraham Lincoln, instead of being the unique blossom on an otherwise barren family tree, belonged to the seventh American generation of a family with competent means, a reputation for integrity, and a modest record of public service."

John Lincoln gave 210 acres of prime Virginia land to his first son, Captain Abraham Lincoln (1744–1786), a veteran of the American Revolutionary War. In 1770, Abraham married Bathsheba Herring (c. 1742–1836), who was born in Rockingham County, Virginia. Bathsheba was the daughter of Alexander Herring and wife Abigail Harrison, of the Harrison family of Virginia with Thomas Harrison his maternal great-great-grandfather.

Virginia
Thomas was born in 1778 in Linville Creek, Virginia, to Abraham and Bethsheba Lincoln.

The Lincolns later sold the land in the 1780s to move to western Virginia, now Springfield, Kentucky. He amassed an estate of 5,544 acres of prime Kentucky land, realizing the bounty as advised by Daniel Boone, a relative of the Lincoln family.

In May 1786, Lincoln witnessed the murder of his father by Native Americans "... when he was laboring to open a farm in the forest." Lincoln's life was saved that day by his brother, Mordecai. One of the most profound stories of Lincoln's memory was: "While Abraham Lincoln and his three boys, Mordecai, Josiah and Thomas, were planting a cornfield on their new property, Native Americans attacked them. Abraham was killed instantly. Mordecai, at fifteen the oldest son, sent Josiah running to the settlement half a mile away for help while he raced to a nearby cabin. Peering out of a crack between logs, he saw an Indian sneaking out of the forest toward his eight-year-old brother, Thomas, who was still sitting in the field beside their father's body. Mordecai picked up a rifle, aimed for a silver pendant on the Native American's chest, and killed him before he reached the boy."

Kentucky
Between September 1786 and 1788 Bathsheba moved the family to Beech Fork in Nelson County, Kentucky, now Washington County, (near Springfield). A replica of the cabin is located at the Lincoln Homestead State Park. As the oldest son, and in accordance with Virginia law at the time, Mordecai inherited his father's estate and of the three boys seems to have inherited more than his share of talent and wit. Josiah and Thomas were forced to make their own way. "The tragedy," wrote historian David Herbert Donald, "abruptly ended his prospects of being an heir of a well-to-do Kentucky planter; he had to earn his board and keep." From 1795 to 1802, Thomas Lincoln held a variety of ill-paying jobs in several locations.

He served in the state militia at the age of 19 and became a Cumberland County constable at 24. He moved to Hardin County, Kentucky in 1802 and bought a 238 acre farm the following year for £118; It was located seven miles north of Elizabethtown, Kentucky on Mill Creek. When he lived in Hardin County, he was a jury member, a petitioner for a road, and a guard for county prisoners. Lincoln was also active in community and church affairs in Hardin County. The following year his sister Nancy Brumfield, brother-in-law William Brumfield and his mother Bathsheba moved from Washington County to Mill Creek and lived with Lincoln.

In 1805, Lincoln constructed most of the woodwork, including mantels and stairways, for the Hardin house, now restored and called the Lincoln Heritage House at Freeman Lake Park in Elizabethtown. In 1806, he ferried merchandise on a flatboat to New Orleans down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers on behalf of the Bleakley & Montgomery store in Elizabethtown.

Kentucky
On June 12, 1806, Thomas Lincoln married Nancy Hanks at Beechland in Washington County, Kentucky. Nancy Hanks, born in what was Hampshire County, Virginia, was the daughter of Lucy Hanks and a man whom Abraham believed to be "a well-bred Virginia farmer or planter." She was also called Nancy Sparrow as the adopted daughter of Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow. Dennis Hanks, Abraham's friend and second cousin, reported that Nancy Hanks Lincoln had remarkable perception. Nathaniel Grisby, a friend and neighbor, said that she was "superior" to her husband. Nancy taught young Abraham to read using the Bible, and modeled "sweetness and benevolence". Abraham said of her, "All that I am or hope ever to be I get from my mother".

Thomas Lincoln developed a modicum of talent as a carpenter and although called "an uneducated man, a plain unpretending plodding man", he was respected for his civil service, storytelling ability and good-nature. He was also known as a "wandering" laborer, shiftless and uneducated. A rover and drifter, he kept floating about from one place to another, taking any kind of job he could get when hunger drove him to it. Aside from making cabinets and other carpentry work, Lincoln also worked as a manual laborer.

Their first child, a daughter named Sarah Lincoln, was born on February 10, 1807, near Elizabethtown, Kentucky, at Mill Creek. By early 1809, Lincoln bought another farm, 300 acre, near Hodgenville at Nolin Creek, located 14 miles southeast of Elizabethtown and near the home of Betsy (Elizabeth) and Thomas Sparrow. Although their cabin was a standard dirt floor, one room log cabin, their property was named Sinking Spring Farm for the "magnificent spring that bubbled from the bottom of a deep cave." On February 12, 1809, the Lincolns' second child, a son named Abraham Lincoln, was born.

Seeking more fertile property, Lincoln and his family moved to Knob Creek Farm in 1811. Situated 10 miles northeast of the Sinking Spring Farm on Nolin Creek, the Knob Creek Farm was also adjacent to the Louisville and Nashville Turnpike. It was at Knob Hill that Abraham had some of his first memories. For instance, he remembered the death of his parents' third child, his brother Thomas Jr. a few days after his birth in 1812. He also remembered the cultivation of corn and pumpkins and sometimes attending a limited, "A.B.C." school with his sister within a couple of miles of the family's cabin. It was while living at Knob Creek that Lincoln was made annual road surveyor and became 15th wealthiest of 98 property owners by 1814.

Lincoln lost farms three times after boundary disputes due to defective titles and Kentucky's chaotic land laws, complicated by the absence of United States land surveys and the use of subjective or arbitrary landmarks to determine land boundaries. He did not have the money to pay attorney's fees to resolve title disputes, such as liens against previous owners and survey errors. In addition, as a farmer, Lincoln was unable to compete with those who had slaves to work their fields.

Reluctant to discuss the extreme poverty of his youth, Abraham Lincoln quoted Gray's Elegy in 1860, saying his life could be summed up as "The short and simple annals of the poor." Without the food and clothing that they needed, they were considered among the "very poorest people" while in Kentucky. Abraham recounted years later, in a discussion with homeless boys in New York, that he had been poor and could remember "when my toes stuck out through my broken shoes in the winter; when my arms were out at the elbows; when I shivered with the cold."

Thomas Lincoln moved the family to Indiana in December 1816, and purchased land in accordance with the land ordinance of 1785, partly because slavery had been excluded in Indiana by the Northwest Ordinance. Abraham Lincoln claimed many years later that his father's move from Kentucky to Indiana was "partly on account of slavery, but chiefly on account of the difficulty of land titles in Kentucky."

Indiana

In December 1816, the Lincolns settled in the Little Pigeon Creek Community in what was then Perry County and is now Spencer County, Indiana. There Thomas and Abraham set to work carving a home from the Indiana wilderness. Father and son worked side by side to clear the land, plant the crops and build a home. Thomas also found that his skills as a carpenter were in demand as the community grew. Nancy's aunt Elisabeth Sparrow, uncle Thomas Sparrow, and cousin Dennis Hanks settled at Little Pigeon Creek the following fall. While Abraham was ten years younger than his second cousin Dennis, the boys were good friends.

In October 1818, Nancy Hanks Lincoln contracted milk sickness by drinking milk of a cow that had eaten the white snakeroot plant. There was no cure for the poison and on October 5, 1818, Nancy died.

Abraham and Sarah Lincoln, as well as Sophie and Dennis Hanks (whose guardians had also died of milk sickness), lived alone for six months when Lincoln went back to Kentucky to seek a bride and courted Sarah Bush Johnston, a widow from Elizabethtown, Kentucky whom he had been acquainted with years before. On December 2, 1819, he married her and she brought her three children, Elizabeth, Matilda, and John, to join Abe, Sarah, and Dennis Hanks to make a new family of eight. Lincoln assisted in building the Little Pigeon Baptist Church, became a member of the church, and served as church trustee. By 1827, Lincoln had become the proud owner of 100 acres of Indiana land.

Sarah Lincoln became a valued member of the household, and she and Abraham became very close. However, the family continued to live in extreme poverty in Indiana, according to family members, neighbors, and friends. There were times that the only food in the house was potatoes, and the children did not have sufficient clothes to wear. Abraham was not invited to a wedding because he did not have appropriate clothes to wear. Sarah was taken in by a local family and earned her room and board by performing housekeeping chores. Abraham's life was considered "one of hard labor and great privation."

David Herbert Donald, noting that Thomas Lincoln's eyesight began to fail in the 1820s, described his struggle to support his family: "In the early 1820s, Lincoln was under considerable financial pressure after his second marriage as he had to support a household of eight people. For a time he could rely on Dennis Hanks to help provide for his large family, but in 1826 Dennis married Elizabeth Johnston, Sarah Bush Lincoln's daughter, and moved to his own homestead. As Abraham became an adolescent, his father grew more and more to depend on him for the 'farming, grubbing, hoeing, making fences' necessary to keep the family afloat. He also regularly hired his son out to work for other farmers in the vicinity, and by law he was entitled to everything the boy earned until he came of age."

Illinois
Lincoln had a restless nature, and when John Hanks, a cousin who had once lived with the Lincolns, moved to Illinois and sent back glowing reports of fertile prairie that didn't need the backbreaking work of clearing forest before crops could be planted, he sold his Indiana land early in 1830 and moved first to Macon County, Illinois, west of Decatur and eventually to Coles County in 1831. The homestead site on Goosenest Prairie, about 10 mi south of Charleston, Illinois, is preserved as the Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site, although his original saddlebag log cabin was lost after being disassembled and shipped to Chicago for display at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. Lincoln, already in his fifties, remained a resident of the county for the rest of his life. In 1851, at the age of 73, Lincoln died and was buried at nearby Shiloh Cemetery, which was 3 miles from his home. Sarah, his widow, remained at their home until her death in 1869.

Relationship with Abraham
During Lincoln's youth, and particularly after the death of his mother, Abraham's relationship with his father changed and became increasingly strained. Due to his failing eyesight and likely declining health, Lincoln relied on Abraham to perform work needed to run the farm. He also sent Abraham to work for neighbors, generating money for Thomas. Michael Burlingame, in his book The Inner World of Abraham Lincoln, wrote that, "In his youth, [Abraham] Lincoln was like a slave to his father."

Historians differ on Thomas' parental treatment of Abraham. Burlingame, citing testimony from Lincoln relatives like Dennis Hanks, characterized Thomas as abusive and hostile to his son's efforts to better himself, saying he "avoided whipping or scolding his son in front of visitors but would administer punishment after they had left." David Herbert Donald, citing similar testimony, concluded that Thomas, "generally an easygoing man ... was not a harsh father or brutal disciplinarian," and noted that Thomas enrolled his children in public schools during the few periods when they were available to the family. He quoted Sarah Bush Lincoln, Abraham's stepmother, who said that "Mr. Lincoln never made Abe quit reading to do anything if he could avoid it. He would do it himself first." Both Burlingame and Donald agree that Thomas struck his son if he appeared overly neglectful of his chores, or if he thrust himself into adult conversations. As Abraham got older, he eagerly awaited coming of age so that he could move away and have as little to do with his father as possible.

Although the degree to which it impacted their relationship is not clear, there seemed to be a struggle between Abraham's yearning for knowledge and Thomas' lack of understanding about the importance of study to Abraham's life. Abraham seemed particularly critical of his father's lack of education and lack of an earnest drive to see that his children received a good education. Historian Ronald C. White wrote that negative portraits of Thomas Lincoln come "from a son who said his father 'grew up literally without education,' the very value Abraham Lincoln would come to prize the most." Abraham Lincoln, in turn, appears to have been unaware of his father's early struggles, particularly how the death of his grandfather forced Thomas to become a laborer: "Abraham Lincoln never fully understood how hard his father had to struggle during his early years. It required an immense effort for Thomas, who earned three shillings a day for manual labor or made a little more when he did carpentry or cabinetmaking, to accumulate enough money to buy his first farm." Father and son also differed in their beliefs about religion; Thomas was a conventional Baptist. Growing up in a nonconformist household, Abe developed on his own as a free-thinker. Lastly, some say that Thomas favored John Johnston, his stepson, over Abraham. Their relationship had become strained after Abraham left his father's house and even more so after Abraham reluctantly bailed Thomas out of financial situations. His stepbrother, John D. Johnston, also made repeated requests for money.

Although Abraham provided financial assistance on a few occasions and once visited Thomas during a bout of ill-health, when he was on his deathbed Abraham sent word to a stepbrother to: "Say to him that if we could meet now, it is doubtful whether it would not be more painful than pleasant; but that if it be his lot to go now, he will soon have a joyous meeting with many loved ones gone before; and where the rest of us, through the help of God, hope ere-long to join them." Abraham preferred not to attend his father's funeral and would not pay for a headstone for his father's grave. Aside from the strained and distant relationship between father and son, Abraham's actions may have been influenced by a "painful midlife crisis" and depression.

During Thomas Lincoln's lifetime, he and his wife were not invited to Abraham's wedding and never met Abraham's wife or children. David Herbert Donald stated in his 1995 book Lincoln that "In all his published writings, and indeed, even in reports of hundreds of stories and conversations, he had not one favorable word to say about his father." Abraham, did, however, name his fourth son Thomas, the choice of which, Donald speculates, "suggested that Abraham Lincoln's memories of his father were not all unpleasant – and perhaps hinted at guilt for not having attended his funeral."

Abraham, likely in response to his unhappy relationship with his stern, demanding father, was a caring and indulgent father with his own children.

Religion
As a young man, Lincoln became active in the Primitive Baptist church (also known as Predestinarian or Separate Baptists), and eventually became a leader in the denomination. According to several historians, Thomas Lincoln was "one of the five or six most important men" among the Indiana Separates, and "for all effective purposes, Abraham Lincoln's life in Indiana was lived in an atmosphere of what William Barton called 'a Calvinism that would have out-Calvined Calvin.' " In Indiana, Lincoln served as a trustee of the Pigeon Creek Baptist Church and helped to build the church meeting house with Abraham. Thomas Lincoln had religious grounds for disliking slavery, and these served as a partial reason for moving from Kentucky to north of the Ohio River where slavery had been prohibited by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. After moving to Coles County, Illinois, Lincoln and his wife became Church of Christ members.

Portrayals
A 1970 episode of Daniel Boone, although fictionalized, portrays the courtship of Thomas Lincoln (played by actor Burr DeBenning) and Nancy Hanks (Marianna Hill). Sarah Bush Johnston is referred to but not seen. It is mentioned that the couple will name their first son after Tom's father, Abraham. Daniel remarks, "He might even be President someday."

title: Thomas Lincoln


text: User talk:69.245.197.49

title: User talk:69.245.197.49


text:
Laila Elwi

Laila Ahmed Eloui (born January 4, 1962, in Cairo), sometimes credited as Laila Eloui, Laila Olwy, Laila Elwi, and Laila Elwy (ليلى علوي), is an Egyptian actress. She has starred in more than 70 movies and has been honored at Egyptian and international festivals with awards for most of her roles. She has also been the head – or member – of several jury committees for local and international festivals. Recently, she has received an award for her lifetime achievements along with Egyptian actress Safia El Emari, South Korean actress Yoon Jeong-hee, American actor Richard Gere, and French actress Juliette Binoche during the opening of the 34th Cairo International Film Festival.

Early life
Eloui was born in Cairo, Egypt, her father Ahmad Eloui is an Egyptian, while her mother Stella is Greek from Icaria. Eloui's maternal grandmother was of Italian descent, she came to Egypt to work at the Marriott Mena House Hotel.

Career
Laila started her career at a young age. When she was a seven-year-old, she participated in radio and television programs, and at the age of fifteen she appeared onstage for the first time in Taman Sittat (8 Women), a play by Galal El Sharkawy.

Films

 * Min Agl Al-Haya (1977).
 * Kharag wa Lam Ya'oud (1985).
 * Ayam Al-Tahadi (1985).
 * Gababerat Al-Mena (1985).
 * Hekaya fi Kelmeteen (1985).
 * Al-Nesaa (1985).
 * Zawg Eltalab (1985).
 * Wa Tadhak Al-Akdar (1985).
 * Al-Harafesh (1986).
 * Al-Onsa (1986).
 * Ah ya Balad (1986).
 * Al-Tahdeed (1986).
 * Azraa wa Thalath Regal (1986).
 * Asr Al-Ze'ab (1986).
 * Kelmeta.
 * Ya Azizi Kolona Losous.
 * Samaa Hoss.
 * Ya Mehalabeya Ya.
 * Al-Hagama.
 * Ay Ay.
 * Enzar Belta'a.
 * Kalil Men Al Hob Katheer Men Al Onf.
 * Al Ragol Al Talet.
 * Esharet Morour.
 * Tofah.
 * Ya Donya Ya Gharami.
 * Edhak Al Soura Tetla Helwa.
 * Al-Massir (1997).
 * Hala'a Housh (1997).
 * Our Blessed Aunt (1998)
 * Hob Al-Banat (2003).
 * Baheb Al-Cima halif bro as Laila Eloui  (2005).
 * Alwan elsama elsabaah (2008).
 * Laylat Al Baby Doll (2008).
 * Hakayat Bin Ash-ha (2009).
 * El Basabees We El 3osyan describing the story of a girl who became psychotic after her brother took her toka
 * Brooks, Meadows and Lovely Faces (2016)

Television

 * "Lahazat Harega" "Critical moments" (2007)
 * Shams (2014)
 * Napoleon Wal Mahrousa (2012)
 * Wa Kan Wahman (TV short) 1984

title: Laila Elwi


text:
CIOO-FM

CIOO-FM is a Canadian adult contemporary formatted radio station, broadcasting at 100.1 FM in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The station uses the on-air brand name Move 100. It was originally owned by Toronto based CHUM Limited until the company's buy-out by CTVglobemedia in 2007, and then Bell Media in 2011. CIOO's studios are located at the intersection of Russell and Agricola Streets in Halifax (right behind sister station CJCH-DT), with its transmitter located on Washmill Lake Drive in Clayton Park.

History
In 1976, Radio 920, Ltd., a division of CHUM Limited, applied to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission for a new FM radio station broadcasting at 100,000 watts with a dial position of 100.1 MHz. This would be the third FM radio station in Halifax after FM stations CBH-FM and CHFX-FM. Radio 920, Ltd. also owned CTV affiliate CJCH-TV and CJCH-AM. The CRTC subsequently approved the application.

On November 1, 1977, CIOO began broadcasting as an easy listening station using the branding C100. As a new decade approached, CIOO changed its programming format to album rock. This gave listeners an opportunity to hear more than just the top 40 hits from a particular artist, such as other songs not yet on AM radio. In 1983, CHUM Limited tested a simulcast project with new TV station ASN by airing Atlantic Canada's Choice, counting down the week's best albums from 20 to 1 that was simulcast on both radio and TV and hosted by Geoff Banks. This lasted until spring 1985, where the station again reformatted its programming.

The spring of 1985 saw the station take on another programming angle, Top 40 along with oldies, such as The Beach Boys among others. This format was phased out not long after, when the station moved towards adult contemporary. The station utilized such slogans as "Lite Rock... Less Talk", "Great Light Rock Hits" and "...Even More Lite Rock Hits". CIOO moved to its current Hot AC format in 1993. Like most hot AC stations in Canada, CIOO leaned rhythmic, though not as heavy as sister station CHUM-FM/Toronto. With sister station CJCH-FM adopting a Rhythmic/Dance Top 40 presentation by 2013, CIOO modified its playlist towards a conventional Adult Top 40 direction. New sister stations since 2013 are Truro-based CKTY-FM and CKTO-FM.

On December 21, 1984, CHUM Limited was denied a license to add an FM transmitter at 94.9 MHz in Middleton to rebroadcast the programming of CIOO. On December 27, 2020, as part of a mass format reorganization by Bell Media, CIOO rebranded as Move 100, ending 43 years of the "C100" branding. While the station would run jockless for the first week of the format, on-air staff would return on January 4, 2021.

In 2022, CIOO flipped to adult contemporary.

Features (prior to 2020)

 * The Breakfast Club was the weekday morning program on CIOO. The show aired from 6:30am–10:00am, having extended from its old hours of 6:00am–9:00am. It was originally hosted by Kelly Latremouille, Peter Harrison and Moya Farrell until mid-2007. Latremouille had debuted with the station in the summer of 1993, replacing John Biggs, who took Latremouille's position with 92 CJCH AM at that time. After Latremouille's departure in late June 2007, Adam Marriott became an interim host along with Harrison and Farrell. On August 17, 2008, Brad Dryden joined the Breaskfast Club as Latremouille's replacement. In August 2015, JC Douglas became Dryden's replacement on the Show. In January 2017, Melody Rose became Farrell's replacement after she retired from the station after 35 years. In November 2020, Douglas and Rose were released by Bell Media citing "programming changes".

Long before the Breakfast Club, the station used one DJ personality. Geoff Banks hosted the morning show for the better part of the 1980s, before Biggs took over and shortly thereafter.

 * The Top 9 at 9 was a countdown of the day's most requested songs. It was heard each weekday morning and weeknight at 9:00. When this show first aired in 1993, it was the Top 7 at 7. Currently, it moved back to the latter name.
 * Retro Request Sunday with Nicolle, heard every Sunday morning from 8am-noon, focused on music from the 1980s. When the 80's boom started its resurgence in 1995, CIOO ran the program from 8–10:00am on Saturday mornings. This time slot lasted for around 8 years, with the format sometimes running from 8:00 till noon.
 * The Atlantic Canada Countdown with Matt & Deb was CIOO's weekly countdown of the most popular music of the week in Atlantic Canada. It was heard Sunday mornings from 8 to 10 AM.

CIOO formerly broadcast the radio version of the MuchMoreMusic countdown, but stopped airing it sometime in 2007.

 * The C100 Summer Cruiser was a mobile prize machine team who broadcast their secret location around the Halifax Regional Municipality multiple times throughout the day all summer. Prizes varied every summer but have included free concert tickets, movie passes, museum passes, gift certificates, C100 "gear" and a chance to fill out a ballot to win a weekly prize or $1,000 prize. A later addition to the prize rotation were C100 window stickers. Although no official contest regarding the stickers had been announced, there was growing speculation that it would be something quite worthwhile.

CIOO branded itself as playing the most music for Halifax with:
 * 100 Minutes of Commercial Free Music aired weekdays 9:00am – 10:40am.
 * 60 Minutes of Commercial Free Drive Home aired weekdays 4:00pm – 5:00pm.
 * 40 Minutes of Commercial Free Music aired every hour, every day.

Every Year on New Year's Eve, CIOO played the top 100 songs of the radio stations of that year.

title: CIOO-FM


text:
Centre Party (Nauru)

The Centre Party is an informal political party in the Pacific nation of Nauru.

Foundation
The party was formed by the former President of Nauru, Kinza Clodumar, and supported René Harris, Clodumar's ally, in the Parliament, mainly in votes of no confidence for or against Harris.

Political role
The CP has only played a minor role role in the Nauruan Parliament and in the political life in Nauru. The party's elected representative was Kinza Clodumar as an MP from 1997 until 2003. Clodumar mounted a failed bid to return to parliament in the October 23, 2004 general election.

title: Centre Party (Nauru)


text:
Business Continuity Institute

The Business Continuity Institute (BCI) was established in 1994 by Andrew Hiles and others, evolving from the Survive Group - a network of disaster recovery and business continuity experts.

The Institute's initial vision was to enable individual members to obtain guidance and support from fellow business continuity practitioners.

Activities
The BCI's first AGM was held in 1995 in London, becoming an independent organisation in May 1997. It was initially led by John Marsh and then John Sharp.

In 2004 the BCI expanded, moving to office space in Caversham under the leadership of new Executive Director, Lorraine Darke. Lorraine continued in this role until September 2016, when she stepped down - being replaced by David Thorp, the current BCI Executive Director.

Currently, the BCI is based in Reading, UK, and has over 9,000 members in more than 120 countries. More details of the development of the BCI are available in a timeline listing on the Institute's website.

title: Business Continuity Institute


text:
Nabila Ebeid

Nabila Obeid (نبيلة عبيد; born 21 January 1945 in Cairo, Egypt), also spelled Nabila Ebeed, is an Egyptian actress.

Early life
Born in the district of Shubra, Cairo. Nabila was a huge fan of classical Egyptian movies and used to gather money as a kid to go to Shoubrah Cinema Palace.

Career
She was first introduced to Egyptian Cinema by the Egyptian film director Atef Salem in a movie called Mafish Faida. In 1965, she starred with Omar Sharif in The Mamelukes, a role which was described as her "first steps to fame".

In 1967, she co-starred with Salah Zulfikar in the highly successful political play Rubabikia, one of her few roles on stage. She has also starred in the television dramas El-Ammah Nour (Aunt Nour) and El-Bawaba El-Taniya (The Second Gate).

Personal life
She married the film director, Atef Salem, who discovered her from 1963 to 1967. Obeid later had several secretive marriages including Osama El-Baz which lasted for nine years.

Films

 * Al-Mamalik (The Mamluks)
 * Zawja Min Paris (A Wife from Paris)
 * Thalath Losoos (Three Thieves)
 * Zekra Lailat Hubb (Memory of a Night of Love)
 * Al-Karawan Loh Shafayef (Truth has a Voice)
 * El Rakesa we El Tabal (The Dancer and the Drummer)
 * Al Rakesa wa al Syasi (The Dancer and the Politician)
 * Abnaa' wa Katala (Sons and Killers)
 * Eghteyal Modarresa (Assassination of a Teacher)
 * Kahwat El Mawardi (El-Mawardi Cafe)
 * Samara El-Amir
 * Tout Tout
 * El Circ (The Circus)
 * Rabea el Adawaya
 * Kashef el Mastour (Revealing the Hidden)
 * El Azraa' we el Shaar el Abyad (The Virgin and the Old Guy)
 * El Akhar (The Other)
 * Hoda and His excellency the Minister (original 1995, reprinted 2005)

Theater

 * Rubabikia (Robabekya)

Television

 * El-Ammah Nour (Aunt Nour)
 * El-Bawaba El-Taniya (The Second Gate)

title: Nabila Ebeid


text:
Finitely generated

In mathematics, finitely generated may refer to:
 * Finitely generated object
 * Finitely generated group
 * Finitely generated monoid
 * Finitely generated abelian group
 * Finitely generated module
 * Finitely generated ideal
 * Finitely generated algebra
 * Finitely generated space

Endlich erzeugt

title: Finitely generated


text:
Category:Common practice period

The common practice period typically encompasses Western classical music from c. 1600 to c. 1910. This includes Baroque, Classical and Romantic music.

title: Category:Common practice period


text:
Templepatrick

Templepatrick is a village and civil parish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is 9.2 mi northwest of Belfast, and halfway between the towns of Ballyclare and Antrim. It is also close to Belfast International Airport and the village has several hotels. Templepatrick is the site of historic Church of Ireland, Presbyterian and the Old Presbyterian Church. It had a population of 1,437 people in the 2011 Census.

Places of interest

 * One side of the main street in Templepatrick consists of the demesne wall of Castle Upton. A mock fortified gateway in the wall at the centre of the village leads to the castle itself. The core of the main house is a tower house with walls up to five feet thick, built in 1611 by Sir Robert Norton, but later bought in 1625 by Captain Henry Upton. The family mausoleum is in the care of the National Trust and is open to visitors. The Templeton Hotel in the village was named after Lady Elizabeth Templetown, an aristocrat and writer who lived in Castle Upton in the 18th century. In 2020 the Templeton became The Rabbit Hotel.
 * The Patterson's Spade Mill, which is now a small industrial museum, is nearby. It is a National Trust property.

1974

 * 9 November 1974 – Patrick Courtney (29) and William Tierney (31), both Catholic civilians, were shot dead by the Protestant Action Force at their workplace, a garage, Clady Corner, near Templepatrick.

1976

 * 25 June 1976 – Ruby Kidd (28), Francis Walker (17) and Joseph McBride (56), all Protestant civilians, were shot dead during a Republican Action Force gun attack on The Store Bar, Lyle Hill Road, Templepatrick.

Notable people

 * Sir Robin Kinahan (died 1997) and his son Danny Kinahan both politicians, of Castle Upton. Danny Kinahan is a cousin of Irish pop/rock star Chris De Burgh.
 * Lavinia Loughridge (1930–2014), physician, was born in Templepatrick.

Transport

 * Templepatrick railway station opened on 11 April 1848 and shut for passenger traffic on 21 February 1981.

2011 Census
In the 2011 Census, Templepatrick had a population of 1,437 people (605 households).

2001 Census
Templepatrick is classified as a village by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (i.e. with a population between 1,000 and 2,250 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 1,556 people living in Templepatrick. Of these:
 * 19.4% were aged under 16 years and 20.6% were aged 60 and over
 * 50.1% of the population were male and 49.9% were female
 * 12.3% were from a Catholic background and 82.7% were from a Protestant background
 * 1.2% of people aged 16–74 were unemployed.

title: Templepatrick


text:
Category:Early music

Early music is generally defined as the Western classical music from c. 500 to c. 1600, encompassing Medieval and Renaissance music. Baroque music is sometimes included, but is more commonly considered part of the common practice period (category).

title: Category:Early music


text:
Fukushima Yasumasa

Baron Fukushima Yasumasa (福島 安正) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army.

Life as a Samurai
Fukushima was born to a samurai family; his father was a retainer to the daimyō of Matsumoto, in Shinano Province (modern Nagano Prefecture). He also became a retainer of Lord Toda Mitsunori. In 1867 he traveled to Edo (later Tokyo) to attend the Kobusho military school for hatamoto located in Tsukiji. During the Boshin War (1868–1869), he saw service as a member of the Matsumoto contingent. In 1869, with Lord Toda, he again traveled to Tokyo and studied foreign languages at the Kaisei Gakko, a school specializing in foreign studies. After graduating the school in 1874, he joined the Ministry of Justice as a civilian personnel and later moved to the Ministry of War. He participated in the government forces in the Satsuma Rebellion (1877). His quick mind and ability to get along well with people earned him a posting at the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff at an early age.

Early foreign travels
During the next years, he traveled extensively, visiting Mongolia in 1879, serving as military attaché to Beijing from 1882-1884. He was a staff officer of the Japanese First Army when the First Sino-Japanese War broke out.

After the war, Fukushima visited British India and Burma on an extensive tour from 1886-1887. In 1887, he was promoted to major, and sent as military attaché to Berlin. On this trip in 1892, he was accompanied by Prince Saionji Kinmochi. Fukushima, who spoke 10 languages fluently, was a popular figure in German society during his stay in Berlin. Fukushima made a reputation during his stay in Berlin, for winning all manner of wagers involving feats of arms or physical strength. He later claimed that the reason for his long ride across Russia was a wager made over drinks against some German cavalry majors. (The story is probably an invention, as some historians claim that Fukushima never drank alcohol, and in any case it is not recorded whether or not Fukushima ever collected on the wager). In any case, Fukushima was an admirer of Colonel Burnaby, a British cavalry officer, who had made an epic ride to Khiva in 1874 after receiving word that the Russians had closed the border to Turkistan. Fukushima also shared Burnaby's political views that Russia was the chief enemy of both Great Britain and Japan.

Epic horseback ride
For his return to Japan, he chose to make an epic crossing of two continents on horseback, from Berlin to Vladivostok. The trip took one year and four months, and had as one of its objectives, inspecting the construction of the still under construction Trans-Siberian Railway as well as gathering intelligence of the local infrastructure, command and control, along the way. During this journey, on 1 March 1893 prior to entering Manchuria, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. The story of his 14,000 kilometer ride made him a Japanese national hero, and earned him the Order of the Sacred Treasures, third class. After his return to Japan from his ride across Asia, Fukushima donated his horses to Ueno Zoo in Tokyo, where they quickly became famous tourist attractions.

Service during the Boxer Rebellion
Fukushima subsequently saw service in the Boxer Rebellion (1900), where he was in command of Japanese forces in Tianjin, as well as the Foreign Legation. Afterwards, he returned briefly to the Imperial Japanese Army Academy to study under the German General Jakob Meckel.

Further travels and foreign honors
As a General Staff officer after the war, he visited Egypt, Ottoman Turkey, Persia, Arabia, India, Burma, Siam and Turkistan. In 1902, he represented Emperor Meiji at the coronation of King Edward VII of Great Britain, and participated in secret diplomatic negotiations behind the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. He was awarded an honorary Knight-Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) and Order of Prince Danilo I.

During the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) Fukushima traveled through Saskatchewan, Canada on the way to New York for the purpose of negotiating financial assistance for the war. He stopped his special train just east of Regina, Saskatchewan to view the prairies. The siding where he stopped was named Fukushima in his honour.

Honors in Japan
Fukushima also served with distinction in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), and in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905).

In 1907, Fukushima was elevated to the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system. From April 26, 1912 to September 15, 1914, he served as the Governor-General of Kwantung Leased Territory. In 1914, he was promoted to general and was transferred to the second reserve. After the transfer, he served as vice-president of the Association of Reservists.

Poetry and death
Fukushima was on good terms with fellow poet General Akashi Motojiro, and although not close friends, the two men shared ideas on the long term needs of the Japanese secret services in the Asian area. Fukushima even composed a poem titled "From Fallen Petal to Rising Star", in which he honored a prostitute who became a patriot through her intelligence-gathering activities.

Fukushima died at age 66 and his grave is located at Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo. The Matsumoto City Museum in Matsumoto, Nagano, preserves some of his personal artifacts, including his riding crop.

title: Fukushima Yasumasa


text:
Wikipedia talk:Template index/Archive 1

Where are these templates?
I don't see the templates listing related information in other mediawiki projects in the list; such as this one

 * Sorry. I found most of them, but not commons. I added it to the appropriate page.--kenb215 01:15, Jan 1, 2005 (UTC)

I'm not seeing the custom messages
I'm not seeing the messages, though there appears to be spaces for them. Using Internet Explorer, if that helps. Dunc_Harris|☺ 16:29, 16 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Does case matter?
Does case matter in vs ? greenmountainboy (talk) 18:59, 3 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * It doesn't, see User:Dori/Sandbox Dori | Talk 19:13, Jan 3, 2004 (UTC)

msg:vfd -vs- subst:vfd
Two items:

 * Is there a difference between and  (and similar)?

 * MSG displays the text when you view it, but only shows when you edit it. SUBST is the same as having pasted in the text, so it shows in the edit window too. There are also other effects due to this distinction (i.e. one is that interwiki links don't show up unless you do a subst). Dori | Talk 20:38, Feb 16, 2004 (UTC)

 * There are some reasons for using, not  , at Wikipedia talk:Boilerplate text. Angela. 19:35, Feb 17, 2004 (UTC)

msg:mature proposal

 * I'd like to suggest we adopt a "maturity rating" policy. That is, I think we should have a new message  that says something like:
 * While all of Wikipedia's articles are held to the highest encyclopedic standards, we understand that some individuals may choose not to view articles with mature (sexual) content. If you are under the age of majority or age of consent in your country, please obtain parental permission prior to viewing this article.

 * I think this would help us resolve some of the concerns we often hear regarding porn and sexual content on the Wikipedia. zandperl 20:34, 16 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * I am not sure I like this. Besides, by the time they see the warning, they are likely to have seen the article. Dori | Talk 20:38, Feb 16, 2004 (UTC)

 * We have 2 disclaimer links on every page already, which prevents the need for additional ones in the article. Angela. 19:35, Feb 17, 2004 (UTC)

 * I sincerely hope that there is no pornographic material on Wikipedia! As for sexual content, I sincerely hope that none of it is abusive or anything. The only material we have on sex is purely informational, and such material is not dangerous for children to see. — Timwi 21:43, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

How to ...
Hi! I didn't find instruction on how to edit or update custom messages, e.g.. This one is not even listed on MediaWiki custom messages. Could please somebody explain, or point to the exact chapter of the FAQ ? Gamma 21:22, 2004 Feb 22 (UTC)
 * goto http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MediaWiki_custom_messages for instructions on creating and editing.--Ryan524 22:33, 25 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * I think - am well nigh positice - you could just edit Template:Table Sort Algorithms. I'm afraid I cannot provide a FAQ reference at the moment. -Itai 12:56, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Split this up
We seriously need to split this page into sub-pages and possibly sub-sub-pages. We can't seriously include all of these —> MediaWiki talk:Län <— on this single page :-) — Any volunteers? — Timwi 15:22, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Those are silly, though... including the normal one will result in the 'current page' link being a bolded non-link --Random832 01:23, 15 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Calendars
I don't have time to list them on this page right now, but I have created calendars for every month.

 * Template:JanuaryCalendar
 * Template:FebruaryCalendar
 * Template:MarchCalendar
 * Template:AprilCalendar
 * Template:MayCalendar
 * Template:JuneCalendar
 * Template:JulyCalendar
 * Template:AugustCalendar
 * Template:SeptemberCalendar
 * Template:OctoberCalendar
 * Template:NovemberCalendar
 * Template:DecemberCalendar

If somebody beats me to adding these to this page, then I wouldn't mind at all. --mav 03:32, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi. Pretty neat idea; thanks for doing it. However, I have to admit I don't really like the layout you chose for your calendar. May I draw your attention to MediaWiki talk:JanuaryCalendar? — Timwi 21:12, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Autotoc doesn't seem to work
Anybody know why the autotoc doesn't work on this page? There doesn't appear a anywhere that I can see. Somebody started a manual TOC, but nobody's keeping it up to date. --Lexor|Talk 11:01, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * There is a inside . -- Timwi 19:45, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Ah, I see. Well, perhaps we could a  for the purposes of this particular message.  I think it's more important to be able to generate to TOC for this page. It seems that the  should be in the article which includes the msg:compactTOC, rather than in the msg:compactTOC itself.  --Lexor|Talk 15:54, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)

msg:stub
Consider: as an expansion for I think we need to add some sort of distinguishing style to the standard so that it becomes "meta"-data to an article, and not a part of an article, itself. Bevo 18:24, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't like it. It will stand out too much if we do that. Dori | Talk 21:33, Feb 27, 2004 (UTC)

 * That exact presentation need not be the one that we would use. Is there a variation that would be better, yet be different in style from plaintext? Bevo 22:46, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Lose the background color, that's way too intrusive. --Shallot 23:10, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Since that tag is (hopefully) only temporary for any particular article, then it's my intention in the proposal to make it somewhat "intrusive" so there would be motivation to grow the content beyond the point where it would be needed. But I do recall the annoying little animations that used to show up on partially completed websites with the workers digging holes, and I don't mean to get that "cute", either.  Just some effect that makes it obviously "not" a part of the article.   Perhaps just bolding it? This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Bevo 19:20, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

What exactly is the purpose of MediaWiki:stubnote? What's wrong with Template:stub?—Eloquence 22:19, Feb 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * MediaWiki:stubnote should be deleted (I'm not sure how to do that). It was created to experiment with alternative content for  .  Bevo 01:52, 29 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Now deleted. Angela. 17:40, Mar 2, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks! - Bevo 20:28, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

msg:featured
Is there a msg:featured? If not, I'm thinking along the lines of:

 * This is a Featured Article, one of the best examples of the Wikipedia community's work. Even so, if you see a way this page can be improved still futher, we invite you to contribute.'

If not, any object to me creating one and putting it on featured articles? I'd also put a note on the featured articles page. --zandperl 05:00, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I object. I believe it was discussed before, and decided against. I believe it was decided instead to tag the talk pages. →Raul654 05:05, Mar 4, 2004 (UTC)

 * I disagree as well. I would rather not have the stub messages either, but the thing is we need those articles to be improved. The featured ones are supposedly in a decent shape. Dori | Talk 05:06, Mar 4, 2004 (UTC)

 * I object to having such a thing on the article, but it should go on the top of talk pages. --mav

 * I agree with mav. Angela. 12:32, Mar 4, 2004 (UTC)

 * For now, I agree. I'd muh prefer a user-modifiable sidebar that allows for indications of what type an article is being viewed. Is it a 'featured' article? Is the article part of some 'WikiProject'? - UtherSRG 12:41, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I second the proposal. I think it would be helpful to know for both readers and editors. As the note would have to be at the top or in the sidebar it'd be a good idea to make it a Preferences option perhaps. Kpjas

Get All Custom Messages?
Is there any pages where I can find all custom messages (tags)? It would be nice if it is automatically generated. --Rrjanbiah 11:34, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Not yet, but there was something on the mailing list about the creation of a Special:... page to list them them automatically in future. Angela. 12:32, Mar 4, 2004 (UTC)

 * See MediaWiki namespace. — Timwi 17:43, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * The pages linked to from that only list the ones people have chosen to add to them. I think the question was about finding them automatically. I suspect others have been created and not listed there. Angela. 00:48, Mar 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hm. Good point. — Timwi 00:59, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I want the same thing. I'm tempted to make a new message, but I want to make sure it doesn't already exist.  I guess I'll wait.  Is creating a Special: page to automatically list them something that a normal user can do or do we need to get somebody to do it for us?  --rs2 17:10, 1 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Special pages are automatically generated by the php software that drives wikipedia. Our developers (Tim Starling, Eloquence, Magnus Manske, and a few others) are the ones who write them. Our developers are (in general) overworked, so we encourage people to become them. However, not many people have the necessary skills. (Even as a computer engineer, I couldn't help because I don't know php). →Raul654 17:14, Apr 1, 2004 (UTC)

subst:ilcomment
Hi, could someone please explain to me what is meant for if it is just empty like at the moment of this writing? (I might have missed something obvious here, sorry if I did...) BTW, is there something wrong with its table item in the present article? (it's lacking borders; I tried to fix it, but wasn't able to.) --Wernher 00:28, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

is not empty. It contains. This only shows up in the edit box. The aim is to explain what the interlanguage links are to new users. Angela. 01:02, Mar 15, 2004 (UTC)

Mediawiki:religion
User Jiang has raised a valid point, albeit not in the most constructive way - here is some chat from the talk page of something I was trying out the mediawiki ns for - namely a category topical sidebar scheme. There are three or four others Jiang lovingly (and constructively) listed on WP:VFD. Wikilove, - SV (talk) 10:25, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) This is a really bad idea. This table will become huge and take up an inordinate amount of space in articles that should be devoted to images and tables that add content to articles and not just serve as a navigational aid. If anything this should be a footer, but the best idea is to just link religion in the lead sentence and have this list in that article. --mav

We have a list of religions. Is the msg supposed to duplicate that? --Jiang

It doesnt have to be huge - Mav, be consistent at least - with one mediawiki critique, you argue that you would be ok with a footer. In another you argue its a means for foisting POV on people. Now you say its going to be too big - nonsense! In cases where a list would be too big, refer to general concepts! Whats so frickin hard to understand about that! - SV (talk) 10:25, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)~

 * Why is so hard to understand that these boxes are only useful for navigation and categorization at the expense of pushing valid image and table content down on a page? At least footers do not have that problem with them. That is why I am not against them (not really for them either - I just think they are mostly harmless). I've also made a number of different statements about different MediaWiki seriesbox pages. Some would be OK as footers, some would not. What we need is a category system that can put series tables in the sidebar that already exists on every page. Also, as I mentioned above, mixing metadata with content is very bad database design. --mav
 * So, Mav your critique is a design one -- one which Ive already dealt with somewhat on some of the articles, and I agree that pics and other stuff should be prominent. But simply having a left-right option for these would solve the problem in special cases, and theres nothing wrong with putting it lower. GTG- SV (talk) 19:20, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)\

The issue is irrelevant here since the question is not whether to make these mediawiki pages, but whether these tables should be made at all. If these tables are to be kept, we will almost certainly use the mediawiki namespace for them, so let's go to Wikipedia talk:Topics, Wikipedia talk:Article series, and Wikipedia talk:Page footers to discuss what kind of sidebars we want to make. --Jiang 10:44, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)

The madness has got to stop :-)
The sheer variety in colour, placement, use of tables, divs, italics etc etc has got to stop. There are discussions going on at least four talk pages (I am guilty of being involved in them too) about how to present metadata in articles. Whatever we decide, there should at least be some consistency between msgs: Is this the place to get the choice right? Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 19:34, 19 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Metadata should not be presented in articles. That is what talk pages are for. --mav 21:08, 19 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree... but look at all the messages on this custom message page... vfd, stub, cleanup, inuse, accuracy dispute, inclusion dispute, npov dispute, current event,... this is metadata to my mind ... but it isn't often on the talk page. Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 21:20, 19 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * It is data on meta, but not all of it is metadata. Stub, Vfd etc. are part of the article data itself, only the topic groupers are real metadata. — Jor (Talk) 17:01, 20 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Those examples are not supposed to be permanent parts of the article. --mav

Completely lost
I can never find the original text of "msg"s. Where can I find the original text of msg:vfdfrontmatter? RickK 23:16, 25 Apr 2004 (UTC)
 * I believe you can locate them at [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MediaWiki_namespace_text]--Ryan524 23:20, 25 Apr 2004 (UTC)
 * The original interface messages are at Template:All messages. Custom messages are either at MediaWiki custom messages or MediaWiki custom elements. However, don't go learning where they are now as it's all about to change when MediaWiki 1.3 goes live as the interface and custom messages will be split into different namespaces (MediaWiki and Template). Angela. 23:31, Apr 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * So there's no way it can be changed? RickK 03:45, 26 Apr 2004 (UTC)
 * Just go to the edit page and find what is typed there (msg:VfD frontmatter) and replace the msg with "MediaWiki:". To edit it, go to Template:VfD frontmatter. Tuf-Kat 04:39, Apr 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * Thnak you!!! RickK 22:52, 26 Apr 2004 (UTC)

I give up
I've spent about ten minutes trying to find the template/MW message for the box that appears when you create a page (something something newpagetext/newedit text or something). I give up. Where is it? Dysprosia 23:27, 9 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * MediaWiki:Newarticletext, listed in MediaWiki interface messages.--Patrick 20:18, 10 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Of course, the text beside it doesn't reflect it's content ;) Thanks Patrick. Dysprosia 22:10, 10 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Bug in compactTOC2 (or in MediaWiki)
Although the code for compactTOC2 contains, another TOC is generated in the respective pages (see for example the articles Topology glossary and Order theory glossary, the latter of which currently uses an additional  as a workaround). Obviously there are two possible reasons and fixes: Thanks. --Markus Krötzsch 16:38, 18 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * The should not go into the curly brackets in the compactTOC2-Source. After all adding another  on the affected pages helps. In this case, somebody please change the protected source of compactTOC2.
 * The is allowed to be at the given position, but MediaWiki fails to parse it correctly. In this case fix MediaWiki. Anyway changing compactTOC2 as a first workaround would be a good thing.

Help please
I have recieved a concern regarding Nagarjuna and templates on my user talk. I know absolutely nothing about templates, but the error he showed me looked fairly bad. I am listing this here as well as cleanup Cheers, Sam [Spade] 18:49, 8 Jul 2004 (UTC)

🇬🇾 and (True or false??)
True or false: we need 🇬🇾 and reading the following texts:

 * "I'm a guy, in case you want to know what pronouns to use to refer to me."
 * "I'm a girl, in case you want to know what pronouns to use to refer to me."

as messages to put in Wikipedia User pages so people will know what pronouns to use. 66.245.23.108 00:24, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... I don't think we need a template for this -- people can usually manage to say somthing that gives it away -- and they can just tell people if they want to.... Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 00:47, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Doesn't really seem like something we need. It wouldn't be that difficult for a user to write up a small description for the same end if they wanted it to be known. Oberiko 00:51, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * The proposer asked me to be specific on my user page, so I honestly mean that they could just write "I'm a guy, in case you want to know what pronouns to use to refer to me." if they want to -- the template is more complicated than is needed for this. Templates tend to be more of a shorthand for something that a user will use repeatedly, rather than something that a few users might just use once. Thanks again, BCorr | Брайен 01:01, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't think it's really necessary either. - Omegatron 01:02, Jul 13, 2004 (UTC)

 * Count me as someone who finds it unnecessary, also. Some Wikipedians will wish to preserve their anonymity, and others (specifically, non-registered Wikipedians) are only identified by IP address (such as 66.245.23.108!) If a user wants to make their sex known, a little scribble on their user page it all it takes. If not, use he/she. --Ardonik 01:12, Jul 13, 2004 (UTC)

 * Actually, some people don't want to adhere to either pronouns (such as genderqueer or otherwise), unless you want to create a third message for gender-neutral pronouns Dysprosia 01:06, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * What is this third message?? 66.245.23.108 01:09, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Templates should go on the talk page
Template messages is now sugesting that messages like Template:Attention should be on the article, not on the talk page. I disagree with this for the reasons already given at and various other places. Is there any reason this should not be changed to specify the message must go on the talk page only? Angela. 14:55, Aug 8, 2004 (UTC)

Say what?
This notice at the bottom of the page is, uh, somewhat convoluted, to say the least:
 *  Note: this article is a member of several categories merely because templates above are intended to include articles they are in in those categories.

I think I understand what it's trying to say, but will someone who knows they understand please rewrite it? - dcljr 06:59, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

The notice has been changed. Thanks, Siroxo. - dcljr 17:50, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Wikimedia
I suggest create all this templates for all the Wikimedia Projects. I.e. the disambiguation message is usefull in Wiktionary too. So, this templates would belong to Wikimedia, rather than to only Wikipedia.

Talk on this page
I propose taking all the talk links out of the tables so we can simplify it. If someone wanted to discuss the template, they can do so by following the link to the template and discussing the template there. If no one can give good reason to keep the talk links on the page, I will remove them.--Will2k 15:26, Aug 18, 2004 (UTC)

 * The talk links are needed so you can check Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:Template messages rather than having to keep every template on your watchlist. Angela. 22:33, Aug 18, 2004 (UTC)

More intuitive template code
Although I like the briefness of the template code, and although it is not that difficult to find out how to add a template within the "Editing help" or the like, I would think that if the code Template: were usable instead or in addition, it might help people realize that they could go to edit the Template with that page name in the URL (or know that by using the code they would be making a link which they could follow to their own template), just as is the case for Category pages. It is not that big of a deal, but I think it would have taken me less time to figure out how to find the existing templates (or add my own) had it used this code instead. Brettz9 (talk) 22:57, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Unlock the templates
Every locked template must be unprotected. It is unwiki to keep these protected indefinitely. Many contain errors which cannot be changed. --η υωρ 18:23, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Locked templates have an open discussion page do they not? In that case, you can propose changes there.--Will2k 20:17, Sep 8, 2004 (UTC)

 * Nobody ever reads those pages, because nobody expects the templates to ever change. That is no solution.  Most every other page has an open discussion page, but we do not expect users to discuss every edit there until an admin feels like making the change.  That's unwiki.  Let users be bold.  --η[[Image:Venus symbol (blue).gif]] [ υωρ] 23:27, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, then we need to fix the "nobody reads those pages" part first. I can certainly see why someone wants templates that reach thousands of pages at once to be protected, they're obviously a much more likely target of vandalism than other pages. And regarding the "nobody reads those pages" part, I just started watching several protected template pages yesterday (I became an admin a little bit ago) and fixed some things in one today after reading user comments about it. --Joy [shallot]   03:42, 9 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Perhaps the admins need a special page which allows them to see if any changes were made to the talk pages of any of the protected articles, templates, etc. —Mike 03:51, Sep 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * Please refer to protected pages considered harmful for the sitewide policy regarding page protection. --η[[Image:Venus symbol (blue).gif]] [ υωρ] 23:41, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * The vast majority of templates are not protected. Do you have examples of any that are protected which would need to be edited without discussion first? Angela. 17:36, Sep 12, 2004 (UTC)

 * Since the vast majority are not protected, no templates should be protected except temporarily.

 * As an example, the category specified by Template:PD had lacked a sort order, so all images using this template appeared in the category under the "I" heading (for "Image:"). --η[[Image:Venus symbol (blue).gif]] [ υωρ] 20:12, 12 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Weird category
What is "NaodW29-item455bc7f56892561 stubs" ? Rhymeless 06:06, 13 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hehehe, that's bug 60 on MediaZilla. If the bug is fixed, this will be a category specified by a template parameter.  --[[User:Eequor|η[[Image:Venus symbol (blue).gif]] [ υωρ]]] 11:26, 13 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Templates in signatures
Is there any reason why adding to my signature does not expand the template until the next edit of the page? [[User_talk:Anárion|Åℕάℛℹℴη]] 19:36, 13 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * This is either a bug or a "feature" of the MediaWiki software. I'd suggest filing a report at BugZilla, if it hasn't been done already? • Benc • 22:36, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Mediawiki demands an e-mail address before it will allow me to log bugs. I do not wish to give one. {Heliophile} 07:42, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * It's because ~ is a kind of subst: within itself. When you type ~, MediaWiki inserts what is in your preferences, which is {{subst:whatever}] .  The next time the page is edited, the  is expanded. —  El  Chico!  Talk 11:51, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

< > template
I can't seem to find this template anywhere, browsed the "all message" list, nothing. I was thinking it would be nice to have a template for featured pictures as well, for placement under full-size images. -- Solitude 07:41, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Do you mean Template:Featured? {Ⓐℕάℛℹℴɴ } 07:53, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Ah right, yes. But it does not seem to be included on any Template list. Basically I'm wondering how I should go about adding a template for featured pictures. I found the meta on templates, let's see now... -- Solitude 11:30, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)

duplicate categories
Several categories (e.g. "Templates for deletion") are listed twice at the bottom of the page. Fpahl 11:10, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * One of those is from Template:Tfd itself, the other is from Template:Bmoviebandit1 which is TFD'd. Goplat 15:09, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Does that mean it'll stay that way? Fpahl 15:29, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * It will until is deleted or kept.  Sorry.  —  El  Chico!  Talk 15:50, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Merging articles
While the information of two (duplicate) articles is being merged into one, it is likely that people unknowingly continue to contribute to both articles. The merge process is then complicated even further, as the information has to be moved from one article into the other one.

In order to avoid this, I thought the following message might be a solution:

 * This article is in the process of being merged into (article name), and may be outdated.

Comments? If you think this template message should be added, should be modified, or not added at all, please let me know.--Logariasmo 00:32, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Template:Inuse could be used for the same purpose, although I still think a template as described above would be a good idea, since it is more specific. [[User:JoshG|Josh | Talk]] 01:33, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * I have added the template (with minor changes). I will be waiting for more comments before I make any additional changes.--Logariasmo 03:59, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Looks good to me. [[User:JoshG|Josh | Talk]] 18:31, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)

Seperation of templates
Wow! They've all gone! (Ok, they're here) My questions: will this autoupdate? Will it make things easier? What do people think? odes anyone ever view this talk page? -- Alphax (talk) 05:12, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)

 * Honesty time here: very unhelpful (the refactoring, not the All link).  Now, when I need to look up a template message, instead of heading for the page where I know it is, I have to guess at which one of twenty subpages contains it.  -- Antaeus Feldspar 17:53, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Profanity
Should there be a template message that clearly indicates or includes profane, offensive, or vulgar language or topics? E.g. motherfucker. - KeithTyler 23:22, Nov 3, 2004 (UTC)

 * My initial reaction is "Yes, that would be useful", but it raises the question of whose standards should be used to determine offensiveness or vulgarity. Some would take offense to the idea, and would start labelling all religious articles as offensive since pretty much all religions contradict each other and/or are offended by being contradicted. So, I think it's a good idea, but it would cause problems so is best avoided. The Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse article contains Template:Morbid_warning, so there is at least one.   — PhilHibbs | talk 12:47, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia:List of templates

 * Regarding List of templates see Wikipedia talk:List of lists. Gangleri 04:21, 2004 Nov 10 (UTC)

American vs. British English
Hi there! Can anybody tell me if there is a template anywhere that deals with linguistic unilateralism, i.e. when there is only one language mentioned, while the issued matter has different names in american and british english? TIA :) -- Daniel FR 22:21, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Cleanup time!
General, Issues, Disputes, Maintenance, and Deletion subpages overlap a bit. Not that the same templates appear on more than one, but, well, let's see what's on each list: Some things on some of those lists are so similar to things on other of those lists!  —msh210 03:07, 16 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * GENERAL
 * It is requested this article be expanded.
 * ISSUES
 * Article needs attention.
 * Article needs cleanup.
 * Article needs ISBN.
 * Article has limimted geographic scope.
 * Needs merging.
 * Images requested.
 * Article should be split into articles accessible from a dab page.
 * Needs translation from....
 * Ugly math.
 * DISPUTES
 * Pov
 * Nonencyclopedic, bound for deletion.
 * MAINTENANCE
 * Not English.
 * Move to another wiki.
 * Copyvio.
 * Category needs attention.
 * DELETION
 * Csd
 * Vfd

Changing the EnderThings template
I'm trying to change the EnderThings template, as shown below:

so that the last link (for Stark) links directly to Stark (Ender's Game), instead of the Stark disambiguation page as it currently does. Can someone explain to me how to do this (or do it themselves?)

Bbhtryoink 03:52, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Too confusing to add
Will someone please, during their cleanup process, add these two templates: ,

Thanks! -- AllyUnion (talk) 20:50, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I've added both templates to Article issues and disputes. RM 21:54, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:Template index/Archive 1


text:
ORP Burza

ORP Burza was a Wicher-class destroyer of the Polish Navy which saw action in World War II.

Building
ORP Burza (squall or storm) was ordered on 2 April 1926 from the French shipyard Chantiers Navals Français together with her sister ship ORP Wicher (1928). She entered service in 1932 (about four years after the intended delivery date), and her first commander was kmdr Bolesław Sokołowski.

Service history
On 30 August 1939 the Polish destroyers ORP Burza, ORP Błyskawica and ORP Grom (1936) were ordered to execute the Peking Plan, and the warships headed for Great Britain. On 1 September 1939 Polish destroyers met the Royal Navy destroyers HMS Wanderer (D74) and HMS Wallace (1918). The British ships led the Polish ships to Leith, and at night the Polish destroyers arrived at Rosyth.

In 1940 Burza supported British forces off Norway in April and in the English Channel in May. On 4 May Burza came alongside the battleship HMS Resolution (09) and took aboard Polish survivors who had survived the sinking of ORP Grom earlier that day.

On 24 May 1940 Burza was ordered to join the Royal Navy destroyers HMS Vimiera (1917) and HMS Wessex (D43) and shell German positions that were besieging Calais, providing support for British troops ashore. At 16.20 the Allied vessels opened fire on enemy armoured column at Sangatte Hill west of Calais. 10 minutes later they were attacked by 27 German aircraft which hit and sank Wessex. Vimiera managed to escape.

Then the entire enemy air group concentrated on the Polish destroyer. Shrapnel hits jammed her two 40 mm anti-aircraft guns. Three bombs exploded in the water, damaging her boilers and reducing her speed. Then two bombs exploded in the water near or in her bows, forcing Burza to return to Dover stern first Midshipman Konstanti Okolow-Zubkowski serving on Burza recalled that when back at Dover an admiral came aboard complaining that debris was being thrown over the side of the ship. The admiral, when shown the forepeak, apologised, not having realised how badly damaged Burza was.

After major repairs in Portsmouth, Burza escorted convoy HX 217 as part of Escort Group B6. While attached to Escort Group B-3, Burza escorted convoys ONS 167, HX 228, and SL 147/MKS 38. Burza was detached from ONS 167 to defend Convoy ON 166. While attached to Support Group 8, Burza escorted convoy SC 145 and the October 1943 convoy to establish British air bases in the Azores.

In 1944 Burza became a training ship. In 1945 she became a submarine tender for Polish submarines. The Polish crew left Burza in 1946, when she was transferred to the Royal Navy.

In 1951 the ship was returned to the Polish Navy and towed to Gdynia in July. Burza was overhauled and entered service in 1955. In 1960 she became a museum ship. After Błyskawica replaced her in that role she was scrapped in 1977.

Armament
1932–1940:
 * Four 130 mm Schneider-Creusot guns (4x1)
 * Two 40 mm Vickers-Armstrongs AA cannons (2x1)
 * Four 13,2 mm Hotchkiss AA machine guns (2x2), from 1935
 * Six torpedo tubes 550/533 mm (2x3)
 * Two depth charge launchers
 * One Thornycroft depth charge thrower
 * 30 mines

1940–1942:
 * Four 130 mm Schneider-Creusot guns (4x1)
 * One 76 mm Mk Vna gun
 * Two 40 mm Vickers-Armstrongs AA cannons (2x1)
 * Four 13,2 mm Hotchkiss AA machine guns (2x2)
 * Eight 12,7 Vickers AA machine guns (2x4)
 * Three torpedo tubes 550/533 mm (1x3)
 * Two depth charge launchers
 * Two Thornycroft depth charge throwers

1942–1946:
 * Two 130 mm Schneider-Creusot guns (2x1)
 * One 76 mm Mk Vna gun
 * Four 40 mm AA Mk VIII cannons (1x4)
 * Four 20 mm AA Oerlikon cannons
 * Three torpedo tubes 550/533 mm (1x3)
 * One hedgehog
 * Two depth charge launchers
 * Four Thornycroft depth charge throwers

From 1955:
 * Four 100 mm guns (4x1)
 * Eight 37 mm AA cannons (4x2)
 * One depth charge launcher
 * Four depth charge throwers

title: ORP Burza


text:
Thousand Lake Mountain

Thousand Lake Mountain is a mountain in northwest Wayne County, Utah, United States, just northwest of Capitol Reef National Park and north of Boulder Mountain.

Description
Thousand Lake Mountain is surrounded by several small towns (Loa, Lyman, Fremont, Bicknell, Teasdale, and Torrey). The areas on and around Thousand Lake Mountain are used for farming, camping, hiking, horseback riding, hunting, and fishing. Thousand Lake Mountain is located in the easternmost section of Fishlake National Forest. A section of the Great Western Trail traverses the mountain from north to south. Thousand Lake Mountain is covered in boulders while Boulder Mountain has many lakes. There are several stories supposing to explain the mismatched names, most feasibly a cartographer writing the names he had been given on the wrong hills and not catching the mistake before maps were published.

title: Thousand Lake Mountain