text:
User:John K/Privy Councillors

This is a list of British privy councillors (from 1679), that we don't have articles about. As yet it only goes up to 1820.

 * William Russell, Lord Russell (1639-1683)
 * Henry Coventry (1619-1686)
 * Henry Capel, 1st Baron Capel (1638-1696)
 * Sir John Ernle (1620-1697)
 * Sir Thomas Chicheley (1618-1699)
 * Henry Powle (1630-1692)
 * Thomas Belasyse, 1st Earl Fauconberg (1628-1700)
 * Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle (1630-1691)
 * Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon (1638-1709) (!)
 * Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford (1626-1703)
 * Robert Bruce, 1st Earl of Ailesbury (1638-1685)
 * Edward Conway, 1st Earl of Conway (1623-1683)
 * William Craven, 1st Earl of Craven (1606-1697)
 * George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth (1648-1691)
 * Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey (1630-1701)
 * Sir Francis Pemberton (1625-1697)
 * Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon (1650-1701)
 * Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough (1624-1697)
 * Alexander Stewart, 5th Earl of Moray (1634-1701)
 * John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort (1650-1715)
 * William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry (1637-1695)
 * James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth (1648-1716)
 * George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley (1628-1698)
 * Sir Edward Herbert (1648-1698)
 * Richard Graham, 1st Viscount Preston (1648-1695)
 * Thomas Windsor, 1st Earl of Plymouth (1627-1687)
 * Nathaniel Crew, 1st Baron Crew (1633-1721)
 * William Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis (1617-1696)
 * Henry Jermyn, 1st Baron Jermyn of Dover (1636-1708)
 * Silius Titus (1623-1704)
 * William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford (1613-1700)
 * Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough (1658-1735)
 * Francis Newport, 1st Earl of Bradford
 * Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough
 * Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington
 * Hans Willem Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (1649-1709) (!)
 * Sir Robert Howard (1626-1698)
 * Richard Hampden (1631-1695)
 * Hugh Boscawen (1625-1701)
 * Thomas Wharton, 1st Marquess of Wharton (1648-1715)
 * William Harbord (1635-1692)
 * Sir Henry Goodricke (1642-1705)
 * John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater (1646-1701)
 * Richard Jones, 1st Earl of Ranelagh (1636-1712)
 * Sir Edward Seymour (1633-1708)
 * Anthony Carey, 5th Viscount Falkland (1656-1694)
 * Robert Sutton, 2nd Baron Lexinton (1661-1723)
 * Thomas Coningsby, 1st Earl Coningsby (1657-1729)
 * Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley (1649-1710)
 * Thomas Tennyson (1636-1715)
 * Sir William Trumbull (1639-1716)
 * Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville (d.1701)
 * Peregrine Bertie (1663-1711)
 * James Vernon (1646-1727)
 * Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers (1650-1717)
 * Sir Charles Hedges (1650-1714)
 * Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle (1669-1738)
 * Charles Bodville Robartes, 2nd Earl of Radnor (1660-1723)
 * Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington (1660-1704)
 * Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Abingdon (1672-1743)
 * John Leveson-Gower, 1st Baron Gower (1675-1709)
 * John Grobham Howe (1657-1722)
 * George Compton, 4th Earl of Northampton (1664-1727)
 * Thomas Thynne, 1st Viscount Weymouth (1640-1714)
 * John Granville, 1st Baron Granville (1665-1707)
 * John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulet (1663-1743)
 * Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet
 * Heneage Finch, 1st Baron Guernsey
 * Thomas Mansell (1667-1723)
 * John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1662-1711)
 * Hugh Cholmondeley, 1st Earl of Cholmondeley (1662-1724)
 * Thomas Erle (1650-1720)
 * James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby (1664-1736)
 * Henry Howard, 6th Earl of Suffolk (1670-1718)
 * John Erskine, 23rd Earl of Mar (1675-1732)
 * James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry (1662-1711)
 * James Ogilvy, 1st Earl of Seafield (1664-1730)
 * James Graham, 1st Duke of Montrose (1682-1742)
 * Algernon Capell, 2nd Earl of Essex (1670-1709)
 * Hugh Campbell, 3rd Earl of Loudoun (d.1731)
 * Thomas Coke (1674-1727)
 * John Ker, 1st Duke of Roxburghe (1680-1741)
 * Sir John Holland (d.1724)
 * Richard Newport, 2nd Earl of Bradford (1644-1723)
 * Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (1654-1717)
 * John Annesley, 4th Earl of Anglesey (1676-1710)
 * Henry Hyde, 4th Earl of Clarendon (1672-1753)
 * Arthur Annesley, 5th Earl of Anglesey (1678-1737)
 * William Johnston, 1st Marquess of Annandale (d.1721)
 * Charles Finch, 4th Earl of Winchislea (1672-1712)
 * Robert Benson, 1st Baron Bingley (1676-1731)
 * Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge (1663-1743)
 * William Bromley (1663-1732)
 * William North, 6th Baron North (1678-1734)
 * John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl (1659-1724)
 * George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne (1666-1735)
 * David Colyear, 1st Earl of Portmore (1656-1730)
 * Francis North, 2nd Baron Guilford (1673-1729)
 * Sir William Wyndham (1688-1740)
 * James Lowther (1673-1755)
 * Paul Methuen (1672-1757)
 * Henry Massue-de-Ruvigny, 1st Earl of Galway (1648-1720)
 * Henry Clinton, 7th Earl of Lincoln (1684-1728)
 * Charles Bennet, 1st Earl of Tankerville (1674-1722)
 * Thomas Newport, 1st Baron Torrington (1650-1719)
 * Thomas Fane, 6th Earl of Westmorland (1680-1736)
 * James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley (1680-1736)
 * George Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax (1685-1739)
 * Robert Darcy, 3rd Earl of Holderness (1681-1722)
 * Richard Hampden (1674-1728)
 * Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere (1675-1727)
 * Sir John Pratt (1657-1725)
 * Charles Wills (1666-1741)
 * William Coventry, 5th Earl of Coventry (1676-1751)
 * George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington (1663-1733)
 * Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis (1675-1722)
 * Sir Robert Sutton (1671-1746)
 * Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin (1678-1766)
 * James Ogilvy, 4th Earl of Findlater (1663-1730)
 * Lancelot Blackburne (1658-1743)
 * Robert Raymond, 1st Baron Raymond (1673-1733)
 * Charles Paulet, 3rd Duke of Bolton (1685-1754)
 * Sir Robert Eyre (1666-1735)
 * Charles Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry (1698-1778)
 * Alexander Hume, 2nd Earl of Marchmont (1675-1740)
 * Henry Lowther, 3rd Viscount Lonsdale (1694-1751)
 * Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough (1688-1739)
 * Henry D'Auverquerque, 1st Earl of Grantham (1672-1754)
 * Talbot Yelverton, 1st Earl of Sussex (1690-1731)
 * John Hervey, 1st Baron Hervey (1696-1743)
 * Sir Conyers Darcy (1685-1758)
 * Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole (1678-1757)
 * John West, 7th Baron De La War (1693-1766)
 * Pattee Byng, 2nd Viscount Torrington (1699-1747)
 * Sir Chalres Wager (1666-1743)
 * Charles Douglas-Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Selkirk (1663-1739)
 * James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl (1690-1764)
 * Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond (1701-1750)
 * Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke (1693-1749)
 * William Capell, 3rd Earl of Essex (1697-1743)
 * James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave (1684-1741)
 * Stephen Poyntz (1665-1750)
 * Benjamin Mildmay, 1st Earl Fitzwalter (1672-1756)
 * Sir Thomas Reeve (d.1737)
 * George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley (1703-1770)
 * Sir John Willes (1685-1761)
 * John Monson, 1st Baron Monson (1693-1748)
 * James Hamilton, 7th Earl of Abercorn (1685-1744)
 * John Verney (1699-1741)
 * Lord Sidney Beauclerk (1703-1744)
 * Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis (1700-1762)
 * Thomas Winnington (1696-1746)
 * William Fortescue (1687-1749)
 * John Hay, 4th Marquess of Tweeddale (1695-1762)
 * Peregrine Bertie, 3rd Duke of Ancaster (1714-1778)
 * Thomas Clutterbuck (1697-1742)
 * John Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Gower (1694-1754)
 * William Finch (1691-1766)
 * Thomas Herring (1693-1757)
 * Sir John Rushout, 4th Baronet (1685-1775)
 * John Hobart, 1st Earl of Buckinghamshire (1693-1756)
 * William Child-Villiers, 3rd Earl of Jersey (d.1769)
 * Matthew Hutton (1693-1758)
 * Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough (1706-1758)
 * Henry Bilson Legge (1708-1764)
 * Sir John Strange (1696-1754)
 * John Carmichael, 3rd Earl of Carmichael (1701-1767)
 * William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (1702-1754)
 * John Berkeley, Lord Berkeley (?) (1697-1773)
 * Sir George Lee (1700-1758)
 * James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave (1715-1763)
 * Henry Powlett, 4th Duke of Bolton (1691-1759)
 * John Hobart, 2nd Earl of Buckinghamshire (1723-1793)
 * John Bateman, 2nd Viscount Bateman (1721-1802)
 * Richard Edgcumbe, 2nd Baron Edgcumbe (1716-1761)
 * Hugh Boscawen, 2nd Viscount Falmouth (1707-1782)
 * Thomas Osborne, 4th Duke of Leeds (1713-1789)
 * Percy Wyndham, 1st Earl of Thomond (1723-1774)
 * Thomas Hay, 9th Earl of Kinnoull (1710-1787)
 * Charles Paulet, 5th Duke of Bolton (1718-1765)
 * Basil Feilding, 6th Earl of Denbigh (1719-1800)
 * Francis Hastings, 10th Earl of Huntingdon (1728-1789)
 * George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1724-1772)
 * Anthony Ashley Cooper, 4th Earl of Shaftesbury (1711-1771)
 * James Grenville (1715-1783)
 * Henry Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis (1703-1772)
 * James Stuart Mackenzie (1719-1800)
 * Robert Drummond (1711-1776)
 * Thomas Hayter (1702-1762)
 * Lord George Cavendish (1727-1794)
 * Richard Osbaldeston (1690-1764)
 * George Henry Lee, 3rd Earl of Lichfield (1718-1772)
 * Sir John Cust (1718-1770)
 * James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley (1690-1773)
 * Hugh Campbell, 3rd Earl of Marchmont (1708-1794)
 * Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland (1715-1786)
 * Hans Stanley (1720-1780)
 * James Stanley, Lord Strange (1717-1771)
 * Humphrey Morrice (1723-1785)
 * Lord Charles Spencer (1740-1820)
 * James Oswald (1715-1769)
 * Stephen Fox-Strangways, 1st Earl of Ilchester (1704-1776)
 * Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford (1718-1794)
 * Thomas Villiers, 1st Earl of Clarendon (1709-1786)
 * Richard Terrick (1710-1777)
 * Sir Thomas Sewell (1710-1784)
 * Lord Frederick Campbell (1729-1816)
 * Richard Lumley, 4th Earl of Scarbrough (d.1782)
 * John Ashburnham, 2nd Earl of Ashburnham (1724-1812)
 * William Ponsonby, 2nd Earl of Bessborough (1704-1793)
 * George Bussy Villiers, 4th Earl of Jersey (1735-1805)
 * George Edgcumbe, 1st Earl of Mount Edgcumbe (1721-1795)
 * Thomas Pelham, 1st Earl of Chichester (1728-1805)
 * Ralph Verney, 2nd Earl Verney (1712-1791)
 * Charles Sackville, 2nd Duke of Dorset (1711-1769)
 * John Campbell, 3rd Earl of Breadalbane (1695-1782)
 * Sir John Eardley Wilmot (1709-1792)
 * Harry Poulett, 6th Duke of Bolton (1720-1794)
 * George Onslow, 1st Earl of Onslow (1731-1814)
 * Thomas Harley (1730-1804)
 * Charles Schaw Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart (1721-1776)
 * Sir Joseph Yorke (1724-1792)
 * Frederick Cornwallis (1713-1783)
 * Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle (1720-1794)
 * Edward Seymour, 9th Duke of Somerset (1717-1792)
 * George Rice (1724-1779)
 * Henry Frederick Thynne, 1st Baron Carteret (1735-1826)
 * John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich (1743-1814)
 * William de Grey, 1st Baron Walsingham (1719-1781)
 * George Fermor, 2nd Earl of Pomfret (1722-1785)
 * Sir Lawrence Dundas (1710-1781)
 * Sir Thomas Perker (1695-1784)
 * Sir William Lynch (1730-1785)
 * Sir John Goodricke (1708-1789)
 * Jeremiah Dyson (1722-1776)
 * James Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos (1731-1789)
 * Thomas Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton (1744-1779)
 * Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Ailesbury (1729-1814)
 * George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (1712-1790)
 * Robert Louth
 * Charles Townshend, 1st Baron Bayning (1728-1810)
 * Sir Sidney Stafford Smythe (1705-1778)
 * Robert Bertie, 4th Duke of Ancaster (1756-1779)
 * John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute (1744-1814)
 * Francis Seymour-Conway, 2nd Marquess of hertford (1742-1822)
 * Sir Richard Worsley (1751-1805)
 * James Cecil, 1st Marquess of Salisbury (1748-1823)
 * Charles Wolfran Cornwall (1735-1789)
 * Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Shannon (1728-1807)
 * George Montagu, 4th Duke of Manchester (1737-1788)
 * Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham
 * Peter Ludlow, 1st Earl Ludlow (1730-1803)
 * George Townshend, 2nd Marquess Townshend (1755-1811)
 * George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave (1751-1789)
 * Lord Robert Spencer (1747-1831)
 * Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville (1743-1822)
 * Charles Manners, 4th Duke of Rutland (1754-1787)
 * Charles Greville (1749-1809)
 * George James Cholmondeley, 1st Marquess of Cholmondeley (1749-1827)
 * Richard Fitzpatrick (1748-1813)
 * Frederick Montagu (1733-1800)
 * Robert Henley, 2nd Earl of Northington (1747-1786)
 * Edward Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby (1752-1834)
 * James Grenville (1742-1825)
 * Heneage Finch, 4th Earl of Aylesford (1751-1812)
 * Thomas de Grey, 2nd Baron Walsingham (1748-1818)
 * Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl of Chesterfield (1755-1815)
 * Lord George Lennox (1737-1805)
 * Robert Monckton-Arundell, 4th Viscount Galway (1752-1810)
 * James Stopford, 2nd Earl of Courtown (1731-1810)
 * George Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke (1759-1827)
 * Thomas Orde-Powlett, 1st Baron Bolton
 * John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel (1740-1828)
 * John Beresford (1738-1805)
 * Sir John Parnell (1744-1801)
 * John Charles Villiers, 3rd Earl of Clarendon (1757-1838)
 * Sir John Skynner (1724-1805)
 * Beilby Porteous (1731-1808)
 * Richard Pepper Arden, 1st Baron Alvanley (1745-1804)
 * Sir Robert Murray Keith (1730-1795)
 * Sir William Wynne
 * James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose (1755-1836)
 * George Evelyn Boscawen, 3rd Viscount Falmouth (1758-1808)
 * George Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland (1758-1833)
 * John Fitzgibbon, 1st Earl of Clare (1748-1802)
 * George Parker, 4th Earl of Macclesfield (1755-1842)
 * Sir James Eyre (1734-1799)
 * Sir Archibald Macdonald (1747-1826)
 * Sylvester Douglas (1743-1823)
 * William Windham (1750-1810) (!)
 * Morton Eden, 1st Baron Henley (1752-1830)
 * George Damer, 2nd Earl of Dorchester (1746-1808)
 * Robert Auriol Drummond Hay-Drummond, 10th Earl of Kinnoull (1751-1804)
 * Sir Grey Cooper (1726-1801)
 * John Ker, 3rd Duke of Roxburghe (1740-1804)
 * Lord Charles Henry Somerset (1767-1831)
 * Andrew James Cochrane (1767-1833)
 * John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl (1755-1830)
 * William Scott, 1st Baron Stowell (1745-1836)
 * Sir William Fawcett (1728-1804)
 * Isaac Corry (1755-1813)
 * Ralph Payne, 1st Baron Lavington (1738-1807)
 * William Dundas (1762-1845)
 * Charles Whitworth, 1st Earl Whitworth (1752-1825)
 * William Stuart (1755-1822)
 * George Legge, 3rd Earl of Dartmouth (1755-1810)
 * Sir William Grant (1752-1832)
 * Thomas Wallace (1768-1844)
 * Charles Bathurst or Charles Bragge Bthuarst 91754-1831)
 * Charles Long, 1st Baron Farnborough (1761-1838)
 * Sir John Borlase Warren (1753-1822)
 * Sir Charles Gould Warren (1726-1806)
 * John Smyth (1748-1811)
 * John Hiley Addington (1759-1818)
 * George Tierney (1761-1830)
 * Thomas Maitland (1759-1824)
 * Nathaniel Bond (1754-1823)
 * Sir Arthur Paget (1771-1840)
 * Sir James Mansfield (1733-1821)
 * George Finch, 9th Earl of Winchislea (1752-1826)
 * George Thynne, 2nd Baron Carteret (1770-1838)
 * John Thynne, 3rd Baron Carteret (1772-1849)
 * Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville (1773-1846)
 * Reginald Pole-Carew (1753-1835)
 * Edward Herbert-Clive, 1st Earl of Powis (1754-1839)
 * Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester (1776-1834), may exist in another form
 * Lord John Townshend (1757-1833)
 * Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Carnarvon (1741-1811)
 * John Joshua Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort (1751-1828)
 * Charles Augustus Bennet, 5th Earl of Tankerville (1776-1859)
 * St Andrew St John, 13th Baron St John of Bletso (1759-1817)
 * William Elliot (1766-1818)
 * Sir Simon John Newport (1756-1843)
 * Richard Hely-Hutchinson, 1st Earl of Donoughmore (1756-1825)
 * Sir John Anstruther (1753-1811)
 * Sir James Murray-Pulteney (1755-1811)
 * Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners (1756-1842)
 * Richard Le Poer Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty (1767-1837)
 * Edward Venables Vernon Harcourt (1757-1847)
 * Richard Edgcumbe, 2nd Earl of Mount Edgcumbe (1764-1839)
 * Percy Clinton Sidney Smythe, 6th Viscount Strangford (1780-1855)
 * Sir John Nicholl (1759-1838)
 * John Holroyd, 1st Earl of Sheffield (1735-1821)
 * Charles Ingoldsby Paulet, 13th Marquess of Winchester (1765-1843)
 * Francis Seymour, 3rd Marquess of Hertford (1777-1842)
 * John McMahon (d.1817)
 * Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden (1788-1870)
 * Robert Liston (1742-1836)
 * Lord George Beresford (1781-1839)
 * Sir Thomas Plumer (1753-1824)
 * William Howley (1766-1848)
 * Sir Vicary Gibbs (1751-1820)
 * Hugh Elliot (1752-1830)
 * Cropley Ashley Cooper, 6th Earl of Shaftesbury (1768-1851)
 * Charles Stewart, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry (1778-1854)
 * William Adam (1751-1839)
 * Edward Thornton (1766-1852)
 * Sir George Fitzgerald Hill (1763-1839)
 * John Beckett (1775-1847)
 * Benjamin Bloomfield, 1st Baron Bloomfield (1768-1846)
 * Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 2nd Earl Talbot (1777-1849)
 * George Henry Rose (1770-1855)
 * Sir Robert Dallas (1756-1824)
 * Sir Samuel Shepherd (1760-1840)
 * David Boyle (1772-1853)
 * Peter Burrell, 1st Baron Gwydir (1754-1820)

title: User:John K/Privy Councillors


text:
User:Bleen

a typist, of things to be typed. no, i only type for myself.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Bleen


text:
Alton Locke

Alton Locke is an 1850 novel, by Charles Kingsley, written in sympathy with the Chartist movement, in which Carlyle is introduced as one of the personages.

Overview
In this novel, Kingsley set out to expose the social injustice suffered by workers in the clothing trade and the trials and tribulations of agricultural labourers. It also gives an insight into the Chartist campaign with which Kingsley was involved in the 1840s.

Plot
Alton Locke is the story of a young tailor-boy who has instincts and aspirations beyond the normal expectations of his working-class background. He is intensely patriotic and has ambitions to be a poet. In the course of the narrative, Alton Locke loves and struggles in vain.

Physically, he is a weak man, but is able to encompass all the best emotions, along with vain longings, wild hopes, and a righteous indignation at the plight of his contemporaries. He joins the Chartist movement because he can find no better vehicle by which to improve the lot of the working class, experiencing a sense of devastation at its apparent failure. Utterly broken in spirit, Alton Locke sails for America to seek a new life there; however, he barely reaches the shore of the New World before he dies.

title: Alton Locke


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Robert Blair/Evidence

Evidence page for User:Robert Blair

Evidence supplied by User:Alteripse

 * Removal of valid information and replacement by unsubstantiated blatant POV:
 * Removal of valid information with dishonest edit description
 * Replacement of NIH PMID medical article links with links to anticircumcision pages

I worked hard on making phimosis a neutral and accurate article. I resent having to waste time trying to preserve it against the circumcision warriors of all persuasions. Robert Blair does not write articles, he just degrades and inserts pov links in other peoples's work. Get him out of here. alteripse 20:01, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Evidence supplied by User:Jakew
This isn't an exhaustive list, folks, but here are some recent edits that I found easily. Many post-date warning by Grunt to read WP:NPOV (23:48, 2005 Feb 18 (UTC)):
 * removed valid and accurate info: Balanitis: , Phimosis: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phimosis&diff=prev&oldid=10573089] , Glans penis:.
 * non-neutral edits - there is an overlap with removing info. (some links to grumbling by myself or others):.

Additional older edits (taken from an RfC I began drafting a while ago):
 * Examples of misleading edit summaries (revert links are to diffs between page and the version reverted to - an empty diff shows a pure revert):
 * Partial revert to old version (compare with previous version). Described as "add additional information from O'Hara"
 * Partial revert to old version (compare with previous version). Described as "add totallly disputed tag. Sorry about the omission."

 * Example of removal of a "TotallyDisputed" tag while the dispute was in progress:
 *
 * (Blair argues that the dispute is not genuine)
 * (Blair was blocked at the time for a 3RR violation, so did not log in)

(added to section, )

And recycled from the RtB case: Removal of disputed notice in spite of active dispute (presumably to hide the fact that there is a dispute):
 *
 *
 *

Removal of criticism of genital integrity / anti-circumcision groups:

(and others)
 *

Censorship of criticism of anti-circumcision studies:

 *
 *

Replacing neutral wording with biased version:

 *
 *

POV pushing

 * (includes misleading edit summary)
 *
 * note - link is given to my corrections to Blair's edit - this better highlights why his changes were POV (and wrong)

- Jakew 18:41, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This covers multiple issues raised in the complaint:

Balanitis, 00:50, 27 Feb 2005 (diff). Blair removes relevant, referenced information, and adds nothing. He misleadingly describes his edit as "RV to improved more accurate version and to restore deleted information" (see my complaint on article talk page for details). Blair previously justified deletion of one of the links, on the flimsy grounds that (in his opinion) it was "filled with medical myths" (see talk page, section "Emedicine"). He ignored the further discussion on that page (at least at time of writing), which explained why his reason was not sufficient to censor content, and reverted anyway. - Jakew 19:11, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Evidence supplied by Jfdwolff
At the risk of becoming a target of personal attacks, I must agree with Alteripse and Jakew that Robert Blair has been an utter nuisance. I ran into him on cervical cancer, which Brim and I greatly expanded and NPOVed after it had been infested with reciprocal POV edits. While Jakew and the banned Robert the Bruce are not innocent in the matter, Robert Blair has been by far the most difficult one I've had to deal with.

I will quote just one example: here Robert removes a perfectly sourced and NPOV-phrased piece of information on the negative statistical correllation between circumcision and cervical cancer. This is typical of his editing behaviour. He also repeatedly inserted external links to the CIRP website. On this site, some medical journal articles have been reproduced; it is however far from clear whether copyright permission was obtained for this purpose (e.g. The Lancet, which has a subscription fee). Wikipedia should not be in the business of endorsing copyright violations.

I have not even bothered to address Blair's roughshod madness on phimosis, balanitis, hypospadias and what not. If Wikipedia wants to be a reliable resource on medical subjects, POV-pushing madmen should be banned. JFW | T@lk  20:06, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I retract my statements on Jakew. Any seemingly POV editing from him was just restoring NPOV after a Robert Blair rampage. JFW | T@lk  07:49, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Statement by Robert Blair
Several months ago, I became aware that circumcision related articles on Wikipedia were in a serious state of disarray. I started to repair the damage that had been done by POV warriors, especially the now banned "Robert the Bruce". That work has largely been successful, and in fact, it has been substantially concluded - with little of substance left to do.

I have been assisted in bringing the documents back to NPOV by Jakew and others for which I am grateful.

The charge by Alteripse that I do not write articles is false. I have written the "Bioethics of neonatal circumcision" article, and I have contributed whole sections what were missing to other articles.

The charge that I put in links to the CIRP website is true. The CIRP is recognised as the best provider of source documents relating to circumcision on the Internet. In fact, it is so good that it is being imitated by the www.circs.org website. The links to the CIRP contribute to the strength of the Wikipedia artcles. I also link to www.circs.org, PubMed, the BMJ, and other sources when apppropriate.

I do not intend to offer a detailed defence against these false charges because essentially my work at Wikipedia is done. I have other work to do, and I cannot waste time on this.

Robert Blair 13:46, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Evidence presented by DanBlackham
Most of the things that Jakew provided evidence of Robert Blair doing Jakew also did in the same articles during the same timeframe. For example:

17 Jan 2005

 * Jakew deleted the discussion of studies by O'Hara and Bensley from Medical analysis of circumcision

 * Jakew deleted the discussion of studies Shen, Senkul, O'Hara and Bensley from the same article


text:
Combo (video games)

In video games, a combo (short for combination) is a set of actions performed in sequence, usually with strict timing limitations, that yield a significant benefit or advantage. The term originates from fighting games where it is based upon the concept of a striking combination. It has been since applied more generally to a wide variety of genres, such as puzzle games, shoot 'em ups, and sports games. Combos are commonly used as an essential gameplay element, but can also serve as a high score or attack power modifier, or simply as a way to exhibit a flamboyant playing style.

In fighting games, combo specifically indicates a timed sequence of moves which produce a cohesive series of hits, each of which leaves the opponent unable to block.

History
John Szczepaniak of Hardcore Gaming 101 considers Data East's DECO Cassette System arcade title Flash Boy (1981), a scrolling action game based on the manga and anime series Astro Boy, to have a type of combo mechanic. When the player punches an enemy and it explodes, debris can destroy other enemies.

The use of combo attacks originated from Technōs Japan's beat 'em up arcade games, Renegade in 1986 and Double Dragon in 1987. In contrast to earlier games that let players knock out enemies with a single blow, the opponents in Renegade and Double Dragon could take much more punishment, requiring a succession of punches, with the first hit temporarily immobilizing the enemy, making him unable to defend himself against successive punches. Combo attacks would later become more dynamic in Capcom's Final Fight, released in 1989.

Fighting games
The earliest known competitive fighting game that used a combo system was Culture Brain's Shanghai Kid in 1985; when the spiked speech balloon that reads "RUSH!" pops up during battle, the player had a chance to rhythmically perform a series of combos called "rush-attacking".

The combo notion was reintroduced to competitive fighting games with Street Fighter II (1991) by Capcom, when skilled players learned that they could combine several attacks that left no time for the computer player to recover if they timed them correctly. Combos were a design accident; lead producer Noritaka Funamizu noticed that extra strikes were possible during a bug check on the car-smashing bonus stage. He thought that the timing required was too difficult to make it a useful game feature, but left it in as a hidden one. Combos have since become a design priority in almost all fighting games, and range from the simplistic to the highly intricate. The first game to count the hits of each combo, and reward the player for performing them, was Super Street Fighter II.

Rhythm games
In rhythm games, combo measures how many consecutive notes have received at least the second-worst judgment (i.e. other than the worst judgment). Never receiving the worst judgment in the entire song is called a full combo or a no miss.

Receiving the best judgment for all notes in the song is called a full perfect combo or an all perfect. Some rhythm games have an internal judgment that is tighter than the best judgment, e.g. Critical Perfect in Maimai or S-Critical in Sound Voltex. Receiving an internal judgment for all notes in a song is called a 理論値.

Other uses
Many other types of video games include a combo system involving chains of tricks or other maneuvers, usually in order to build up bonus points to obtain a high score. Examples include the Tony Hawk's Pro Skater series, the Crazy Taxi series, and Pizza Tower. The first game with score combos was Data East's 1981 DECO Cassette System arcade game Flash Boy.

Combos are a main feature in many puzzle games, such as Columns, Snood and Magical Drop. Primarily they are used as a scoring device, but in the modes of play that are level-based, are used to more quickly gain levels. Shoot 'em ups have increasingly incorporated combo systems, such as in Ikaruga, as have hack-and-slash games, such as Dynasty Warriors.

title: Combo (video games)


text:
Non est factum

Non est factum (Latin for "it is not [my] deed") is a defence in contract law that allows a signing party to escape performance of an agreement "which is fundamentally different from what he or she intended to execute or sign". A claim of non est factum means that the signature on the contract was signed by mistake, without knowledge of its meaning. A successful plea would make the contract void ab initio.

According to Saunders v Anglia Building Society [1971] AC 1004, applied in Petelin v Cullen [1975], the strict requirements necessary for a successful plea are generally that:
 * The person pleading non est factum must belong to "class of persons, who through no fault of their own, are unable to have any understanding of the purpose of the particular document because of blindness, illiteracy or some other disability". The disability must be one requiring the reliance on others for advice as to what they are signing.
 * The "signatory must have made a fundamental mistake as to the nature of the contents of the document being signed", including its practical effects.
 * The document must have been radically different from one intended to be signed.

Non est factum is difficult to claim as it does not allow for negligence on the part of the signatory; i.e. failure to read a contract before signing it, or carelessness, will not allow for non est factum. Furthermore, the Court has noted that there is a heavy onus that must be discharged to establish this defence as it is an "exceptional defence".

Notable examples
In the Australian case Petelin v Cullen (1975), the defendant, Petelin, was illiterate and could speak very little English, but still signed a document he believed to be a receipt for $50 but which actually gave Cullen the option to purchase Petelin's land, which he exercised. Petelin refused to sign the contract for sale, alleging he had been deceived, and Cullen sought specific performance. The High Court of Australia found that because of Petelin's mistaken belief which was not because of his carelessness, his claim of non est factum was successful. The court noted that even if he had been careless, "Cullen was not an 'innocent person without knowledge or reason to doubt the validity of the appellant's signature.

In the English case of Lloyds Bank v Waterhouse a father acted as a guarantor to his son's debt when purchasing a farm. The father was illiterate and signed the bank document under the belief that he was acting as the guarantor for the farm only, when the contract was actually for all the debt accumulated by the son. As he was illiterate, this was a mistake as to the document signed and the father was successful in claiming non est factum.

In the English case of Foster v Mackinnon, an elderly man signed a bill of exchange but was only shown the back of it. He was granted a new trial.

Illustratively, in the New South Wales case Ford v Perpetual Trustees Victoria Ltd, the son of Mr. Ford (Appellant) had arranged a loan from a bank to arrange for the purchase of a cleaning business, by using his father's residential property as security. When he defaulted, the bank sought to enforce its rights under the loan and mortgage agreements. Because Mr Ford was illiterate (though capable of signing his name), suffered from a "significant congenital intellectual impairment" and had no understanding of the particulars of the agreement or consequences of non-payment, the judge at appeal found that he had been the pawn of his son throughout, and "his mind was a mere channel through which the will of his son operated". The Court dismissed the argument that the appellant had been careless as that would presume that he was capable of turning his mind to the issue and making judgements. It ruled that Mr Ford lacked legal capacity, and therefore contract was void for non est factum. This example illustrates an application of Petelin v Cullen [1975] as it depicts the necessary level of incapacity and level of misunderstanding required to shift the heavy burden of the party raising the defence.

title: Non est factum


text: Template:Northern Mariana Islands

title: Template:Northern Mariana Islands


text:
Aga Khan Development Network

The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a network of private, non-denominational development agencies founded by the Aga Khan, with the primary focus of improving the quality of life in different regions of Asia and Africa.

The network focuses on health, education, culture, rural development, institution building, and economic development. AKDN's mission includes improving living conditions and opportunities for the poor without regard to faith, origin, or gender. While the agencies are secular, they follow Islamic values.

AKDN agencies
AKDN agencies' mission statement is to work towards the elimination of global poverty; the promotion and implementation of pluralism; the advancement of the status of women; and the honoring of Islamic art and architecture. To pursue their mandates, AKDN institutions rely on volunteers as well as paid staff.

As of 2008, the organization's annual budget for not-for-profit activities is approximately $950 million, mainly in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. AKDN works in 30 countries around the world, and it employs approximately 96,000 paid staff.

The following is a list of AKDN agencies:

AKDN also runs civil society programs. A number of their organizations are sponsored by the World Bank with the help of partner foundations.

The Aga Khan Trust for Culture coordinates the Imamate's cultural activities. Its programs include the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, the Aga Khan Historic Cities Program, and the Education and Culture Program. The trust also provides financial support for the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States. It also supports cultural development and preservation with the Award for Architecture, Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC), Historic Cities, Museums & Exhibitions, Islamic Architecture and Music.

The Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED), Aga Khan Agency for Microfinance (AKAM), Financial Services, Industrial Promotion, Tourism Promotion, Media, Aviation Services are some agencies and programs offered for economic development.

In the field of education, AKDN has the Aga Khan Education Services (AKES), Aga Khan University (AKU), Aga Khan Academies (AKA), and the University of Central Asia (UCA).

Rural development
In Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, the Aga Khan Foundation is employed to improve residents' standards of living.

The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) works to mitigate educational and food scarcity in several disadvantaged East African communities. The AKF has partnered with organizations in rural regions of Kenya and Tanzania to augment their economic capacity. Programs in Kenya have built over 120 dams and small farm reservoirs to increase water accessibility, along with water pipes for schools and hospitals. Programs in Tanzania have focused on helping to train farmers on sustainable agricultural practices to battle harsh and unpredictable climate.

Philosophy of AKDN
Aga Khan IV succeeded to the office of the 49th hereditary Imam as spiritual and administrative leader of the Shia faith-rooted Nizari Isma'ili Muslim supranational union in 1957. Ismailis consist of an estimated 25 to 30 million adherents (about 20% of the world's Shia Muslim population).

The Aga Khan Development Network states that its mandate is to improve the quality of life for the most vulnerable. This mandate guides the network of AKDN institutions active in more than 35 underdeveloped countries to provide support in the fields of health care, education, and economics.

The functions and philosophy of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) according to the organisation are quoted below:

""The engagement of the Imamat in development is guided by Islamic ethics, which bridge faith and society. It is on this premise that I established the Aga Khan Development Network. This Network of agencies, known as the AKDN, has long been active in many areas of Asia and Africa to improve the quality of life of all who live there. These areas are home to some of the poorest and most diverse populations in the world.""

- Aga Khan Keynote address at the Governor General's Canadian Leadership Conference, 9 May 2004

Partners
The AKDN partners with like-minded institutions in the design, implementation, and funding of innovative development projects. Partners included governments of many nations: Afghanistan, Australia, Canada, Côte d'Ivoire, Czech Republic, Denmark, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, in Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Japan, Kenya, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Malaysia, Mali, Mozambique, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Uganda, United Kingdom and many governmental agencies in the United States.

The AKDN is one of the first Global Alliance Founding Partners, that will be providing funding for the Earthshot Prize, launched in October 2020 by Prince William in partnership with Sir David Attenborough through The Royal Foundation. Between 2021 and 2030, five prizes of £1 million will be awarded annually to recipients who identify solutions to global environmental problems.

title: Aga Khan Development Network


text: Category:827 deaths

title: Category:827 deaths


text:
Haverholme Priory

Haverholme Priory was a monastery in Lincolnshire, England. Its remains are situated 4 mi north-east of the town of Sleaford and less than 1 mi south-west from the village of Anwick.

Foundation
In 1137, Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln offered the site of Haverholme Priory to the Cistercian monks of Fountains Abbey. After two years of construction, the order rejected the site and instead established Louth Park Abbey. Haverholme was offered to Gilbert of Sempringham and his Gilbertine order, who sent nuns and brothers from Sempringham to inhabit the new buildings of what was to be a double monastery.

Gilbertine operation
The Gilbertines also inherited the responsibility for keeping the neighbouring fens drained, and to maintain a foot ferry to Sleaford across the River Slea at Ewerby Waith. They were however summoned to account in 1316 when it fell into disrepair. They were summoned again in 1360 when Alice Everingham, daughter of John de Everingham, who was supposed to have taken vows, fled from the Priory, only to be hunted down and recaptured. She complained to the Bishop of the time that she had never taken vows and she was being held against her will, so he ordered her to be released.

It is rumoured that in 1164 Thomas Becket hid at Haverholme during one of his arguments with the King.

Dissolution
Henry VIII dissolved the Priory in 1538 and it had various owners for the next two and a half centuries. It was inherited by the Finch-Hatton family. George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea and 5th Earl of Nottingham rebuilt it in 1830. It was used as a family home by the Finch-Hatton family for almost a century.

The exterior was decorated with turrets and battlements, the staircase was graced by Finches griffin which made for imposing finials, the walls were lined by Gobelins tapestry and armour from Kirby Hall, and allegorical pictures made by his great aunt Lady Gordon, who was a pupil of Gainsborough. In the rarely used dining room hanged actual Gainsborough paintings of the family.

Demolition
By the early 1920s the Finch Hatton family had fallen on hard times and the priory was up for sale. It did not attract any buyers who wanted to live there. Eventually it did sell to the demolition company RUDD of Grantham. Most of the stone structure of Haverholme was sold in 1926 by RUDD to an American woman who planned to reassemble it in America. The cargo of stonework was on a dock in Liverpool when the buyer became a victim in a train crash. Eventually the stones, never shipped to America, were used to build new docks.

Present Ruin
The present ruin is the remains of a Gothic building built around 1835 to designs by the architect Henry Edward Kendall. This was a rebuild of an earlier house dating from 1780. The ruins are now a Grade II listed building and designated Ancient Monument.

title: Haverholme Priory


text:
Talk:V-model

Proposed for deletion
This article was proposed for deletion Feb. 2005. Votes for deletion/V-Modell. Joyous 19:56, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)

There is a reference near the bottom of the page to an explanation of the v-model in french. That french page is quite interesting and describes the v-model known more widely. (I wish I could remember the reference.) The english page is not about the same subject at all and should not be linked to from the english language v-model page. V-model is not the same as v-modell.

Confused
Although I found a source (and cited it too on the article page) that said both V-model and VEE model is the same, I am still confused. I was looking for the VEE model as often talked about in Systems engineering. The one here, and further discussed as a Software development process is probably same. However, now, I am not sure about V-modell with a double l. Please discuss it here, or link to sources if you know what's going on. Perhaps the purpose of this page can be to disambiguate between V-model, VEE-model, and V-modell  Gnusbiz  20:28, 9 June 2007 (UTC)
 * V-Modell is a software engineering process model developed by the German Bundeswehr (armed forces) in 1991, revised in cooperation with the German Department of the interior in 1992, 1997 and 2005. I have added a link to the complete English documentation right to the end of this dicussion page. It is the standard for all projects that deal with German authorities.--DasWoelfchen 21:43, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Mergeto V model
The V model in software development is essentially the same V model that was devised in 1980s as a project management/product development tool. The German wikipedia page is more elaborate on this see. It appears that the V model or VEE model (as it is called in systems engineering) is often customized for an industry. Then of course, there is a confusion regarding "V modell". I suggest we merge the V-Model (software development) page into the main page as a section and highlight the differences there. Gnusbiz 17:07, 11 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I Wikified the article and made it more apply to Systems Engineering. Maybe now this is more clear we can forget about the merge (although you are right that it is still the same model) - Mdd 15:14, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, what might contribute to the confusion is the fact that the V-Modell deals with both, pure software development as well as (embedded) hardware development - due to its military origin (cf. the references to the VDI sources below). Anyway, both variances share the same characteristics and main tasks, so a merge could be a good idea. If you need somebody that sheds some light upon the German V-Modell article, please let me know!--DasWoelfchen 22:03, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

October 2010
There's very little unique to the V-Model (software development) article that can't easily be merged into this article. It makes no sense to have two articles. --Walter Görlitz (talk) 04:04, 1 November 2010 (UTC)

January 2011
It's now been 3.5 years since this merge was suggested. I agree that there is little substantively different and am in support of the merge. Greyskinnedboy  Talk  22:56, 13 January 2011 (UTC)

March 2011
They should definitely be merged, as the V-model can be interpreted by any to its own use. Whether it is a Service or a Product, the structure is the same from this high level perspective. More detailed portions could refer to either services or tangible products. But most product developments require both tangible parts (thus design and tests) and software (thus design and tests) with the purpose to offer a solution/tool to end-users. [Jorn Eiting - Synz BV] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.85.54.230 (talk) 11:04, 3 March 2011 (UTC)

VDI Standard for developing mechatronic systems
Hello, the V-Modell is core part of VDI2206 "Design methodology for mechatronic systems" of the German Association of Engineers (VDI), see: (Hint: Don't read it, the English translation is terrible...)

The VDI 2206 guideline (for mechatronic systems development) is the successor of the VDI 2221 (mechanical development; for example: Pahl/Beitz, 1988) and the VDI 2422 (Electrical development). Actually, the VDI 2206 adopts the Spiral Model form Software development (Boehm, 1987), but mix SW+ME+EE alltogether and compatible with each other.

The V-model approach is quite useful because you can use it for all kind of technical development projects: from technology development, over platform development, application development, variant design, down to production ramp-up, production relaunch.

Some Sources:
 * http://www.cam.uni-sb.de/publikationen/paper/cirp_budapest_2004.pdf
 * http://csdl.computer.org/comp/proceedings/compsac/2004/2209/01/220910584.pdf
 * http://www.md.kth.se/~fredrikr/AM2D/OSTT.pdf
 * http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/ifac2005/Fullpapers/05172.pdf

Suggestion: Put the V-Model (software development) into this section, and show:
 * 1) Inputs of a "macro cycle": Requirements (depends on the kind of project, e.g. customer requirements, previous technical development project, previous "macro cycle", etc.)
 * 2) common tasks of the "macro cycle", e.g.
 * 3) systems design (of SW+ME+EE; usually done by cross-functional skilled systems engineers or a team of discipline architects) and
 * 4) systems integration (of SW+ME+EE; usually done by quality assurance people)
 * 5) different tasks of the "macro cycle", i.e. when SW and ME and EE are working seperatly (usually specialists within an discipline or within engineering departments, e.g. software programmer, mechanical design/engg, electrical/electronic design/engg)
 * 6) Outputs of a "macro cycle", e.g. analytical protottypes, functional models, A-, B-, C-,... prototypes (from here manufacturing engineers and supplier engineers step into the scene...), pilot production models, mass-produced prodcuts,...
 * 7) Mechatronic? (<- Isn't that a Transformer?) Denglish bitter?

Without additional review I'm not for merger. Luis F. Gonzalez 17:57, 18 June 2007 (UTC)hello guys

How is it pronounced?
Do the German's really call it the "Vee Model", as in "Wie" model or is it "Fau" model? Just watchen the Blinkenlichten... Luis F. Gonzalez 17:57, 18 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, you're right it is rather pronounced "Fau Modell" (speaking F as in fish, AU as the OU in house and put the emphasis on the second syllable of Modell, as you would do in the word Hotel). As lots of the German Geeks and IT specialists use to speak a German dialect - let's call it Denglish - some of them tend to call it "Vee Model". By the way, the Blinklichten stuff is really funny - from a German perspective - although the plural of Blinklicht in German is Blinklichter (just to fulfill the prejudice of the German humourless correctness ;)) --DasWoelfchen 21:14, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Removed from the article
I removed the following text from the article because it doesn't seems to be related to the V-model in systems engineering - Mdd 14:32, 18 September 2007 (UTC)
 * The current version of the V-Model is the V-Model XT (http://www.v-modell-xt.de) which was finalized February 2005. It is not really comparable to CMMI. While CMMI only describes "What" has to be done, the V-Model also describes "How" and "When" it has to be done and "Who" is responsible for doing it.
 * If you want to know more about the V-Modell XT please refer to this English document V-Model XT Complete Documentation. I have added this link as well to the link-list in the document. If you think that is inappropriate, please feel free to remove it!--DasWoelfchen 21:30, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

contrast to waterfall
"classic waterfall" is not iterative.

v-model appears to be a good template for what can happen within an iteration.

168.251.194.19 (talk) 16:39, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

Waterfall
Article said: "It is similar to the Classic Waterfall model as it is quite rigid and contains many iterations."

This is not correct, and so I deleted the statement (wrong in two ways: 1. waterfall development for a given project does not iterate; 2. sdlc development efforts do not iterate - for iteration think "Agile"). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gef05 (talk • contribs) 19:24, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * V-model doesn't iterate either. --Walter Görlitz (talk) 19:34, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

Taking a closer look - Multiple waterfalls
I think the main point of the V-diagram image is to show the progress and linkage between stages, of increasingly deep detail then ascending integration/testing, and that testing looks back across and gets what to test for from the inital concept and goals.

But in respose to the above waterfall comments, note that in actual practice the V or waterfall seems to be done by multiple V-model or waterfalls, and multiple streams within each. Depends on how much detail you look at it is all. I do not have softcopy of the graphic I'm thinking of, but there are three cases in particular
 * subsystems = parallel streams : when a large effort has 4 subsytems, because they are independant teams (or even separate contracts) they may all begin Preliminary Design at the same time but each begins its own Detailed Design as it completes it's part of the Preliminary.  The graphic I've seen is a zoom onto the Detailed design, showing 4 pipes of two parts slanted down and one of them is longer in the first segment and another is very short in the second segment.
 * spirals = overlapping V-models: another way real-world staffing and business model works is to have multiple versions ongoing at once in different levels of work.  Whether it is Firefox or Ford or whoever, they are already working on the next model while the prior one is still being built.  You might have a red V and a blue V where the blue one starts as soon as the red one begins testing so the next spiral begins with the goals not included and with ideas come up with during the design of this version.  Or you might have a red V and blue V and white V where the red V finishing Concept just means those staff with their concept-specific skills shift into doing the blue V concept work
 * multiple versions: I do not think of his as parallel parts within the V or overlapping V-s, but there are often different versions or products for the same release time.  For example, there might be three sets of development and test environemnts with three different configuration managements -- say a Training build, a Normal ops build, and an Admin build (for data conversion and cleansing), in which case a matched set is released.  Or Microsoft might release a 'Standard' version and a more capable 'Professional' version.

I do not think these belong within the article though -- it's getting off the track of what the V is about and would make the article pick one specific. Markbassett (talk) 22:26, 24 November 2015 (UTC)
 * The v-model is not an SDLC so it can be superimposed on any SDLC. Walter Görlitz (talk) 07:04, 25 November 2015 (UTC)

Deletion of the pictures as they give the wrong impression
Please be advised that these pictures (specially the first) is not giving the main idea of the v-model as shown by the International Counsil On Systems Engineering, see http://g2sebok.incose.org/app/mss/menu/index.cfm

I will delete this picture therefore. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.105.120.70 (talk) 15:30, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

 * They give the correct impression. What incorrect impression do you think they're giving? --Walter Görlitz (talk) 16:57, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

The impression, that The v-model is only about allocation of requirements. It does not show the idea of evolving baselines and validation of requirements are done. The picture gives the idea that it is a just one way flow of requirements (allocation). The CORE of the V is missing. It is missing the idea of derived requirements. The pictures -as now given - are already on Wikipedia, please see "double V model" that describes the "correct" wow as given by the International Counsil. Do you agree that they, together with NASA have invented / improved Systems engineering and the V-model? So, why should we not refer to it?

The links that where present are corrupt, not working anymore. Therefore I updated the text. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.105.120.70 (talk) 09:40, 22 March 2012 (UTC)

 * In greater detail, if I can copy a line from your "addition" and then drop it, inside of quotes, into Google, and it comes up with an exact match, it's a copyright violation. I did this on multiple lines from multiple sections on what was added. So I'm not sure what we should make of your statement that "it is a reference only". --Walter Görlitz (talk) 14:56, 21 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Your "references" simply point back to where you selected the text, copied, and then pasted into this article so the material doesn't even have to pass through Google first. --Walter Görlitz (talk) 15:00, 21 March 2012 (UTC)
 * While we're discussing your changes, stop copying directly from http://g2sebok.incose.org/app/mss/asset.cfm?ID=INCOSE G2SEBOK 3.33&ST=F and other pages. --Walter Görlitz (talk) 14:06, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

 * It does not matter that you think you're correcting incorrect material, you have copied material directly from another source and pasted them here. --Walter Görlitz (talk) 14:03, 22 March 2012 (UTC)

Article title consistency for software development methodologies
See Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Computing. Yaris678 (talk) 12:51, 28 September 2012 (UTC)

Dead links in references
Links 9 & 10 are dead KeithC (talk) 16:35, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Mark them with dead link Walter Görlitz (talk) 05:30, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:V-model


text:
Altorf

Altorf (Altdorf; Àldorf) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France.

The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.

Geography

A part of the Canton of Molsheim and also its arrondissement, Altorf is located about 15 kilometres west of Strasbourg. The A352 National Highway runs from east to west across the southern portion of the commune but has no exit. Access to the commune is by road D392 which runs parallel but north of the highway and connects with Highway exit 8 to the east of the commune and west to Dorlisheim. Another access road is the D127 which comes from Jaegerhof just over the northern border (and where there is a railway station) south to the village then continuing south to Griesheim-pres-Molsheim. There are also a number of small country roads covering the commune. Most of the commune is farmland with some forests in the north-eastern portion.

The Bras de la Bruches flows through the commune from west to east, through the village then east to join the Muelbach and flows east under the name Altorfer Arm until it joins the La Bruche river north of Eintzheim Airport. In the north-east another waterway forms the north-eastern border of the commune.

The only other hamlet in the commune is that of Forstoff north-east of Altorf village.

Toponymy
It was known as Altum Coenobium in 787.

The origin of the commune name Altorf is from the form Alt-dorf (old town). The old spelling was still visible before the Second World War.

However the spelling Altorf through Altorfium / Atorfium (related to Altum Coenobium) it is more likely to come from the Latin root altum.

Climate
The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).

The Benedictine Abbey of Altorf

Altorf is located on the ancient Roman via romana or Bergstrasse which connected Strasbourg to the strategic pass of Donon. The funerary steles of the 3rd century attest to a Roman presence.

Quickly the village's history became intertwined with that of its Benedictine abbey which was founded in 960 by Hugues III of Eguisheim called l'Enroue (Raucous), Count of Nordgau and his wife Countess Hewilde. His father, Count Eberhard IV was buried in the abbey in 972, sealing the connection between the family and Altorf.

The abbey had was built following a cenobite community of monks called the Altum Coenobium, which was reported in 787, where the name of the abbey and village came from.

Pope Leo IX, son of the powerful empire family of Eguisheim-Dabo came to Altorf in 1049 to honor his ancestors. He consecrated an altar to Saint Cyriac in 1079 and endowed it with relics (an arm of a saint, the remains of Santa Maria Via Lata from Rome). The reliquary in oriental style represents a bust in polychrome wood and with the words notitia altorfensis is one of the major parts of the Abbey (second part of the 12th century).

Cyriac of Malaga, who had cured epilepsy of the daughter of the Emperor Diocletian in the 4th century, became the patron saint of the village and he is celebrated on 8 August. Altorf was a place of pilgrimage for epileptics and people possessed with demons with many healings reported in the abbey archives in the 13th century.

The chapel was consecrated in 974, under the leadership of Maïeul, Bishop of Cluny, and Erchembald, Bishop of Strasbourg. As with the abbeys of Steige and Marmoutier, the Altorf Abbey was very successful because of its many dependencies. The churches of Barembach and Grendelbruch, although relatively remote, were incorporated into the abbey by a papal bull of 1192 from Pope Celestin III which involved in particular the attachment of tithes. In particular its properties along the right bank of the Bruche extending from the course of the Rothaine into the plain of Alsace were attached to the bishopric of Strasbourg in 1226, extinguishing the line of Eguisheim.

In addition, the emperors gave the abbey the right to issue currency (currency of Saint Cyriac), from the Ottonian revival at the end of the 10th century. The Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa explicitly recognized this right with a charter in 1153. In the 13th century however, this privilege was transferred to Dachstein then Molsheim. The cultural influence of the abbey led to the establishment of a university (not to be confused with that of Altdorf near Nuremberg) which was subsequently transferred to Molsheim in the Carthusian heartland there to be moved aside to form the University of Strasbourg.

Economic and cultural power caused the shedding blood in Altorf in 1262 when the village and monastery were burned by the Strasbourgers who were in revolt against Bishop Walter de Geroldseck. In 1525 there was the peasant revolt which sacked the abbey (German Peasants' War). Finally a century later during the Thirty Years War which included Swedish and French forces.

In 1606, Altorf Abbey joined the Union of Bursfeld which included a hundred Benedictine monasteries and was in 1624 formally called the Benedictine Congregation of Strasbourg (covering the abbeys of Ebersmunster and Marmoutier in Alsace, as well as of Ettenheimmünster, Gengenbach, Schuttent, and Schwarzbach in Baden).

The Peasants' Headquarters
The Peasants' epic struggle (the Bundschuh or Deutscher Bauernkrieg), which had partly originated from the Holy Roman Empire in 1524, crystallized in Lower Alsace around Altorf, Dorlisheim, and Boersch. The leaders of the movement were Erasmus Gerber and Georg Ittel, respectively from Molsheim and Rosheim, established themselves with a group of 1500 men at their headquarters in Altorf, from where the contagion spread throughout the province in a week with their troops raiding monasteries and mistreating Jews.

Father Nartz reported these events in his monograph of 1887:

"From the first days of April, the Schultheiß of Rosheim: 'Ittel stood, with two townsfolk of Molsheim, at the head of the movement in the countryside. In a few days he had assembled a strong band of farmers of 1,500 men. From this number he chose messengers responsible to scour the area calling for men to convene on the plain of Altorf during the week of Easter. They then, armed with clubs, decided to finish with the nobility and clergy men. One group, consisting of countrymen from Epfig and Dambach, seized Ebersmunster and settled there; the second group was recruited closer to us: they gathered in the Val de Villé'' of Scherwiller at Saales and plundered the monastery of Honcourt and stole everything they could."

The revolt was put down a few weeks later, on 20 May 1525 near Saverne, by Duke Antoine de Lorraine with 18,000 of the insurgents dead.

The Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years War originated in Bohemia with the Defenestration of Prague (1618). It spread like wildfire from 1620 through the entire Holy Roman Empire.

On this occasion, Swedish troops led by Marshal Gustaf Horn were stationed in the village in the autumn of 1632.

Engaged by the Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus in the European politico-religious conflict in support of the German Protestant princes, they practiced a policy of terror against Catholics in the region (the peasants fled at the cry of "Der Schwedt kommt" (the Swedes are coming), terrified by the "Swedish torture" or Schwedentrunk which consisted of ingesting manure to suffocation). The population of Altorf were almost exclusively Catholic at that time and so suffered from this presence as did Molsheim and Mutzig which was sacked in November 1632 with the help of Protestants in the neighbouring village of Dorlisheim who put ladders at the disposal of the Swedes to scale the ramparts.

In this regard, Altorf constituted an anchor point in the reconquest of the catholic Counter-Reformation, a reconquest which had been prepared by opening a college of Jesuits in Molsheim in 1580. The style and decoration of the church are particularly characteristic, very similar to those that can be seen in other Habsburg lands (Vienna and Prague in particular).

The epitaph of the Abbot Matern recounts success in 1686 in bringing the inhabitants of the commune of Duttlenheim to the Roman Church by making them leave the "Luther sect". This period of the war was difficult for the population judging by the fact that the wealthy abbey had to pledge the abbey cross in 1637 which it was able to recover only twenty years later.

The human toll of the Thirty Years War for Altorf - and more generally for Alsace - was very severe. This was compounded by the resilience of the plague and famine due to the harsh winters of the Little Ice Age. The demographic impact was probably comparable to that of other regions of the Holy Roman Empire, such as Württemberg who lost 80% of its population at the same time.

The French Revolution
In 1791, the abbey was dissolved by the revolutionaries and the thirteen Benedictine monks were forced to leave. Father Cyriakus Spitz became the last in a succession of abbots over 800 years.

The Romanesque tympanum over the main door was destroyed and was replaced in 1886 by the sculptor Eugène Dock.

All the buildings constituting the abbey with its outbuildings were razed in the 19th century except for the wing of the abbey who has recently been the presbytery office.

Current Situation of the Reconstruction of the abbey
The abbey and its outbuildings have been rebuilt several times including in 1180 with the construction of a new abbey which followed the first work commissioned in 1133 by Father Otton.

The most notable works are those of the convent buildings and transept from 1715 by the Austrian Baroque master Peter Thumb, the construction of the organ by André Silbermann in 1723, and, from 1985 to 1991, a complete restoration under the supervision of the Parson Henri Host.

The church was protected as a Historical Monument in 1932, registered in 1937, and gazetted in 1983.

In 2000 the lintel of the door of the village (Klostertor) which was damaged in 1965 was restored. In 2001 the Tithe Barn (Zehntelschir) was transformed into a library. In 2004 the Abbey Gardens (Hortus, herbarium, Pomarium) were restored, equipped, and opened to the public.

Administration
List of Successive Mayors of Altorf

 * Mayors from 1942

Demography
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Altorfois or Altorfoises in French.

Civil heritage
The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
 * A Farmhouse at 4 Rue des Meuniers (1787)
 * A Farmhouse at 7 Rue des Meuniers (19th century)
 * The Town Hall / School at 12 Rue Principale (1869). The Town Hall contains a Boundary Stone (1764) which is registered as an historical object.
 * A Farmhouse at 16 Rue Principale (18th century)
 * A Farmhouse at 27 Rue Principale (1797)
 * A Guardhouse at 29 Rue Principale (18th century) formerly the Wachstub.
 * A Well at 41 Rue Principale (1617)
 * A Tannery at 56 Rue Principale (1845)
 * A Public Bench at RD 127 (1863)
 * A Well at Place Saint-Cyriaque (1600)
 * A Farmhouse at 3 Place Saint-Cyriaque (17th century)
 * A Farmhouse at 5 Route de Strasbourg (1843). The farm contains a High-relief: Trinity and Virgin (1843) that is registered as an historical object.
 * A Mansion at Jaegerhof (18th century)
 * Houses and Farms (17th-20th century)

Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
 * The Chapel at Rue de la Chapelle (1846). The chapel contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
 * Movable items and monuments of secondary interest
 * A set of 2 Paintings (1869)
 * The Benedictine Abbey Tithe Barn at 10 Cour de la Dime (1749) now converted into a library.
 * The Benedictine Abbey Mill and Farm at Cour de la Dime (1749)
 * An Abbey at Place Saint-Cyriaque (12th century)
 * The Benedictine Abbey Well at Place Saint-Cyriaque (1739)
 * The Church of Saint-Cyriaque (former abbey church) at Place Saint-Cyriaque (1725). The church contains a very large number of items that are registered as historical objects.
 * The Benedictine Abbey at Place Saint-Cyriaque (10th century). The Abbey contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
 * Movable items and monuments of secondary interest
 * A Bas-relief: Head of an Abbot (1568)
 * The Benedictine Abbey Gatehouse at 5 Place Saint-Cyriaque (1663)
 * The Benedictine Abbey Lodgings at 6 Place Saint-Cyriaque (1708). The Lodgings contain several items that are registered as historical objects:
 * A Cabinet (1) (18th century)
 * A Cabinet (2) (18th century)
 * A Corbel (17th century)
 * A Cabinet (3) (18th century)
 * A Funeral Structure (Iron Age)

The Church of Saint Cyriac
This Benedictine church was founded in 960 by Hugh III of Eguisheim, was rebuilt in the 12th century, then again in the 17th century after a fire, and, more significantly, in the 18th century.

The church is unique and majestic through a combination of a Romanesque triple nave with sides in cut stone (17th century) in one part and baroque elements baroque in the other part with the choir and transept in masonry and stone from the first quarter of the 18th century.

The centre is topped by an octagonal bell tower made of wood and covered with slated wood-scale. It was destroyed in the Second World War and rebuilt afterwards.

The Baroque reconstruction commissioned by Abbot Amandus (Amand Zimmerman) was conducted by the Austrian master Peter Thumb in 1715 for the convent buildings and 1724 for the choir and transept. The wing of the Abbey (the current presbytery) was made in 1707 by Albert Regitz d'Obernai.

These works were completed in 1727 with stuccoed decor: a marble altar with carved figures depicting a miraculous cure of Saint Cyriac, imposing oak stalls, and then an organ in 1730. The organ was originally commissioned by the Franciscans of Sarrebourg from the famous organ builder André Silbermann from Saxony but was finally acquired by the abbey of Altorf and harmoniously complements the baroque surroundings.

The porter's house guarding the entrance to the tithe barn is part of the church and the rectory of the few elements of the abbey that still exist today. The cloister, the house, and the outbuildings were destroyed during the French Revolution and in the 19th century.

The church formerly contained the tombs of the Dabo ancestors of Pope Leo IX and the House of Lorraine.

Many other objects (altar, chalice, etc.) are included in the Palissy database and protected as such.

Tombstone of Conrad de Gougenheim
The Church has in its inventory a tombstone bearing the image of the monk Conrad de Gougenheim, steward of the abbey in the middle of the 14th century. He was in charge of the finances of the convent but also conducted religious affairs.

The tombstone depicts the deceased standing between two small columns surmounted with a flowered bracket. He holds in his hand a book while his feet stand on a dog.

The Renaissance Well
Made of Vosges pink sandstone. After a few years outside the walls of the Saint Cyriaque abbey the well was returned to its original place in 1739 in the gardens of the abbey on the occasion of their opening to the public.

Standing Stones
Situated in the locality of Gansweidt the Menhir or standing stones mark the boundary of the village from their 40-metre height. They probably date back to before Celtic settlement of the region.

The coat of arms of the village is visible halfway up (a late sculpture). Registered on 20 May 1930 as a historical monument.

The Cloister Gardens
The Cloister's gardens were open to the public in 2004.

The journey through the Pomarium (garden cemetery), the Herbularius (herb garden), and the Hortus (vegetable garden) testifies to the high level of organization of Benedictine monastic life according to the Rule of Saint Benedict "Ora et Labora" ("prayer and work").

title: Altorf


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Todd Woodbridge

Todd Andrew Woodbridge, OAM (born 2 April 1971) is an Australian broadcaster and former professional tennis player. During his playing career, he formed multiple Grand-Slam winning doubles partnerships with Mark Woodforde (nicknamed "The Woodies") and later Jonas Björkman.

He is among the most successful doubles players of all time, having won 16 Grand Slam men's doubles titles (nine Wimbledons, three US Opens, three Australian Opens and one French Open), and a further six Grand Slam mixed doubles titles (three US Opens, one French Open, one Wimbledon, one Australian Open). Additionally, he was a gold medalist with Woodforde at the 1996 Summer Olympics to complete a career Golden Slam. In total he has won 83 ATP doubles titles. Woodbridge reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in July 1992.

Woodbridge was awarded the Medal of the Order of the Australia in the 1997 Australia Day Honours "for service to sport as gold medallist at the Atlanta Olympic Games, 1996". In 2002, he was inducted into the Australian Institute of Sport 'Best of the Best'. In 2014, alongside Woodforde, the International Tennis Federation (ITF) presented him with its highest accolade, the Philippe Chatrier Award, for his contributions to tennis.

Juniors
In juniors, Woodbridge made the finals of the Junior Australian Open in 1987 and 1989, and Wimbledon in 1989.

Pro tour
He is best known as one of the top doubles players in the world for most of the 1990s and into the early 2000s (decade). His primary doubles partnerships were first with fellow Australian Mark Woodforde and later with Swede Jonas Björkman. Woodbridge and Woodforde are often referred to as "The Woodies" in the tennis world. Woodbridge also had a career high singles ranking of 19 after reaching the semifinals of Wimbledon in 1997, beating Michael Chang, Marcos Ondruska, Alex Rădulescu, Patrick Rafter and Nicolas Kiefer before losing to Pete Sampras. He did however have the distinction of being one of only seven players to beat Sampras at Wimbledon, knocking him out in the first round in 1989 (Sampras's first ever Wimbledon match). Woodbridge is also notable for being one of only 17 players in the Open Era (as of 2017) to achieve a triple bagel, against Johan Örtegren at the 2001 Wimbledon Championships.

The Woodies won a record 61 ATP doubles titles as a team, including 11 Grand Slam events. Woodforde and Woodbridge won a gold medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, and reached the final to win a silver medal at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. In the fourth set tie-breaker against Canadians Sébastien Lareau and Daniel Nestor, Woodbridge served a double fault to lose the match.

After Woodforde retired from the tour in 2000, Woodbridge established a partnership with Björkman that resulted in five Grand Slam titles in four years. At the end of 2004, Björkman ended his partnership with Woodbridge. According to an interview Woodbridge granted to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Björkman wanted him to play more weeks on the tour, but Woodbridge wanted to limit his time away from his family as much as possible. Woodbridge then took on India's Mahesh Bhupathi as his new partner, who had just been dumped by Belarusian Max Mirnyi. Coincidentally, Björkman and Mirnyi ended up partnering together. Woodbridge announced his retirement at the 2005 Wimbledon Championships after 17 years as a tennis professional and 83 ATP tournament doubles titles, an all-time record at the time now surpassed by the Bryan brothers. He was a member of the Australian Davis Cup Team, playing the most ties (32) of any player. According to the ATP website, he finished his career with US$10,095,245 in prize money.

After retirement
Woodbridge was a personality of the Seven Network from 2006 to 2018, working for Seven Sport as a tennis analyst/commentator/host on the network's summer of tennis coverage, including the Australian Open.

He also became an ambassador for bowel cancer awareness group "Let's Beat Bowel Cancer".

In 2007, he competed on the sixth season of Dancing with the Stars being the fourth contestant eliminated on 20 March that year. In 2008 and 2009, Woodbridge aligned himself closely to the sailing community through his commitments at Hamilton Island Race Week hosting tennis clinics and wine tasting events.

In 2008, he presented the History Channel's special The History of Australian Sport: Tennis, a documentary looking back at Australia's love affair with the roots of the Grand Slam of the Asia Pacific.

Woodbridge served as the tournament director for the 2009 Australian Open legends event. In July 2009, he was appointed coach of the Australian Davis Cup Team, taking on a newly expanded, full-time position that merges a role as the national men's coach overseeing the male player development pathway with the Davis Cup coaching job.

On 26 January 2010 (Australia Day), Woodbridge and Woodford (the Woodies) were inducted to the Australian Tennis Hall of Fame for their achievements in tennis. As a part of the induction ceremony, their bronzed statues were placed with other great Australian tennis players at the Melbourne Park. In July 2010 The Woodies were inducted to the International Tennis Hall of Fame. In January 2011, Woodbridge was confronted on court by Belgian player Kim Clijsters for comments he made via SMS to Rennae Stubbs alleging Clijsters was pregnant. In June that year, Woodbridge started anchoring the Seven Network's Wimbledon coverage. In 2016, he anchored overnight sessions of the Rio Olympics for Seven. Woodbridge has also been involved in other programs for Seven, including golf broadcasts. In April 2018, he hosted the morning sessions of the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast. Seven's 2018 Wimbledon telecast would be his final duties at the network, before defecting to arch-rival Nine, which he later said on-air was a "big decision" for him after being "very comfortable" being a part of the Seven family for years.

Later in 2018, it was announced Woodbridge had been signed by the Nine Network for Wide World of Sports, namely to feature as part of their Australian Open, after winning the lucrative broadcast rights for six years, shaking-up Australia's sports broadcasting landscape for the first time in more than four decades, as well as The Ashes. He is currently a fill-in sport presenter on Nine News Melbourne. Woodbridge has reported on the network's PGA Tour telecasts.

Woodbridge has been a presenter on Victorian travel show Postcards since 2022 and has also featured on various other network and local GTV-9 programming, such as Today and a Millionaire Hot Seat special focusing on Wimbledon.

Woodbridge had planned to compete in the 2021 Margaret Court Cup in Albury, but was prevented from doing so by domestic border closures.

On 10 August 2023, reports emerged that Woodbridge had been appointed as the host of an Australian version of Tipping Point Australia for the network, after Millionaire Hot Seat was axed on 4 August 2023. It is the first internationally licensed version of the popular UK program of the same name. It was confirmed by Nine in September. The first 'sneak peek' episode debuted on Christmas Eve 2023. The show officially premiered on 29 January 2024.

Personal life
He was born in Sydney and raised in Woolooware by his parents, Kevin and Barbara. He has two older brothers, Gregory and Warren. He attended Woolooware High School, then turned professional in 1988.

Todd Woodbridge and Natasha Provis were married on 8 April 1995 in Melbourne; they have two children, Zara and Beau.

He suffered a non-fatal heart attack in October 2022.

Singles
1This event was held in Stockholm through 1994, Essen in 1995, and Stuttgart from 1996 through 2001.

title: Todd Woodbridge


text: User talk:137.186.246.221

title: User talk:137.186.246.221


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The Well

The Well may refer to:

Titled works

 * "The Well" (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.), a 2013 television episode of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
 * The Well (novel), 1986 novel by Elizabeth Jolley
 * The Well (TV series), UK TV series
 * "The Well" (The Walking Dead), a 2016 television episode of The Walking Dead
 * The Well, a 1967 novel by Chaim Grade
 * The Well, a 2021 horror game

Music

 * The Well (Jennifer Warnes album), 2001
 * The Well (Waking Ashland album), 2007
 * The Well (Charlie Musselwhite album), 2010
 * The Well (Tord Gustavsen album), 2012
 * "The Well", a 2011 song by Casting Crowns from Come to the Well
 * "The Well", a 1978 song by The Band from The Last Waltz
 * "The Well", a 2018 song by Trixie Mattel from One Stone

Films

 * The Well (1913 film), American
 * The Well (1951 film), American
 * The Well (1991 film), Bulgarian
 * The Well (1997 film), Australian
 * The Well (2010 film), Indian
 * The Well (2013 film), Mexican
 * The Well (2015 film), Algerian

Other

 * The WELL (The Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link), an online community
 * Motherwell F.C., or The Well, a Scottish football club

title: The Well


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Alviano

Alviano is a town and comune in the province of Terni, Umbria, central Italy.

Among its churches is Santa Maria Assunta in Cielo.

title: Alviano


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Bresal Bó-Díbad

Bresal Bó-Díbad, son of Rudraige, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He took power after killing his predecessor, Finnat Már, and ruled for eleven years, during which there was a plague on cattle (Old Irish bó díbad, "extinction of cows") which left only one bull and one heifer alive.

A story about the passage tomb of Dowth (Dubhadh), in the Dindsenchas (lore of places), says that Bresal compelled the men of Ireland to build a tower to heaven within a day. His sister cast a spell, making the sun stand still so that one day lasted indefinitely. However, Bresal committed incest with his sister, which broke the spell. The sun set and the builders left, hence the name Dubhadh ('darkening'). This tale has been linked with solstice alignments at Brú na Bóinne. It has also been linked with recent DNA analysis, which found that a man buried at nearby Newgrange had parents who were most likely siblings. This could mean that knowledge of the event survived for thousands of years before being recorded as a myth in the Middle Ages.

He was killed by Finnat's son Lugaid Luaigne. The Lebor Gabála Érenn synchronises his reign with that of Ptolemy X Alexander I (110–88 BC) in Egypt. The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 151–140 BC, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 210–199 BC.

title: Bresal Bó-Díbad


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Eppillus

Eppillus (Celtic: "little horse") was the name of a Roman client king of the Atrebates tribe of the British Iron Age. He appears to have ruled part of the territory that had previously been held by Commius, the Gaulish former ally of Julius Caesar who fled to Britain following the uprising of Vercingetorix, or possibly of his son. Eppillus is not mentioned in any historical sources. Coins bearing his name also bear the inscription COMMI.FILI which is generally read as Commios filius indicating at least a claim to be Commius's son.

After Commius's death in about 20 BC, based on numismatic evidence, Eppillus seems to have ruled jointly with another ruler named Tincomarus. The COMMI.FILI inscription also appears on Tincomarus's coins suggesting they could have been brothers. Eppillus's capital was Noviomagus Reginorum (Chichester) in the south of the kingdom, while Tincomarus ruled from Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester) in the north.

Eppillus became ruler of the whole territory a little before 7 AD, and Tincomarus appears as a supplicant to the Emperor Augustus in his Res Gestae, so he would seem to have been driven out in some sort of domestic intrigue. After this, Eppillus's coins are marked "Rex", indicating that he was recognised as king by Rome.

A single stater has been found in Dover bearing the name of Eppillus and an otherwise unknown Anarevito. The relationship between the two is unclear although it has been suggested that they were allied rulers. In about 15 AD, Eppillus was succeeded as king of the Atrebates by Verica. Verica again issues coins with the COMMI.FILI inscription suggesting perhaps a third brother although Verica's possible presence in Rome in 47 AD would have required Commius to have lived a very long life. At about the same time, coins of the Cantiaci stamped with the name Eppillus start to appear in Kent, replacing those of Dubnovellaunus. It is possible that Eppillus was deposed by Verica, fled to Kent and established himself as king there, but equally possible that he was invited to become king by the Cantiaci, peacefully handing the rule of the Atrebates to Verica, or that he died and was succeeded by Verica, and that Eppillus of Kent was another man of the same name.

title: Eppillus


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QuackShot

QuackShot Starring Donald Duck (also simply known as QuackShot), released in Japan as QuackShot Gurujia-ō no Hihō (QuackShot グルジア王の秘宝, QuackShot The Treasure of the King Garuzia), is a 1991 platforming video game developed and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. The game was released in Europe in 1991, in North America on December 19, 1991, and in Japan the following day. QuackShot stars Donald Duck and his three nephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie, as treasure-hunters. The game was influenced by the Indiana Jones film series.

QuackShot was released with a positive response from video game publications. The game was universally lauded for its graphics, with magazines like Sega Pro describing them as "some of the best graphics around", and the game was also praised for its music and puzzles. However, the game was criticized for its overall lack of difficulty and the controls in certain situations. Retrospectively, QuackShot was also criticized for its lack of speech samples by IGN.

Gameplay
The player, as Donald, ventures through a variety of side-scrolling levels. Generally, each level is divided into an overland part and a dungeon, such as the Maharajah's palace or the temple in which the Great Duck Treasure resides. Although the player may choose any order to play the overland sections, various obstacles prevent the player from entering the dungeons outside a specific order. In addition to this, some levels provide the player with vital clues which solve puzzles needed to progress in later sections. Once Donald has completed the overland section of an area, he may leave by calling his nephews' biplane, and will return to the dungeon entrance of that area if the player chooses to return.

Donald is armed with a special gun that can shoot plungers, popcorn or bubble gum. Donald has unlimited plungers which can temporarily stun enemies (though bosses can still be damaged with plungers), and can collect popcorn and gum along the way or get the latter from Gyro Gearloose. Later in the game, the plunger is upgraded to act as a temporary platform to climb walls with and, when stuck to a passing bird, allows Donald to traverse longer distances. In the overland sections of Duckburg, India, and Egypt, Donald can also pick up chili peppers which increase his temper, eventually temporarily activating a "quack attack" mode that allows him to become invincible, automatically run forward and knock out enemies in his path.

Plot
While Donald is flipping through some books in Scrooge McDuck's library, a map falls out of a book relating to the treasure of King Garuzia, ruler of the Great Duck Kingdom in ancient times. The map leads to the location of the king's most prized possession, hidden in a secret place shortly before his death. Donald thinks this is his path to riches. Unfortunately Big Bad Pete overhears and pursues Donald throughout the game hoping to steal the treasure.

Teamed with his nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and using the partial map from the library, Donald begins his search in Duckburg, with the trail being directed to an Aztec pyramid in Mexico. Outside the pyramid, he is directed by a "sweet señorita" to obtain a "hero key" from an explorer back in Duckburg to open the pyramid. Inside the pyramid, Donald meets Goofy, who gives him a strange note and a plunger to help him reach higher places, and tells him that Gyro Gearloose is looking for him back in Duckburg. Travelling across the rooftops of Duckburg to meet Gyro, Donald is given Gyro's latest invention, bubblegum ammo that can break through walls. The last location on the partial map is Count Dracula's castle in Transylvania, where Donald encounters a ghost who tells him that the Count carries the real treasure map.

After defeating Dracula, Donald receives a more complete map. In India, Donald enters the palace of the Maharajah, where she challenges him to defeat the tiger (known as Shere Khan) in her garden in exchange for a Sphinx Tear. Donald succeeds and receives the Sphinx Tear, which is the key to opening a temple in Egypt. Donald is able to solve the "Riddle of the Sphinx" using the note Goofy had given him and obtains the Scepter of Ra before escaping in a minecart. From there, he journeys to the South Pole, where he finds a key frozen in ice, and uses the Scepter of Ra to melt the ice and grab the key. The key unlocks the hold of a Viking ship, which contains an ancient diary with the secret to locating the treasure. The ship is haunted by ghosts, and the Viking captain sends Donald below decks to get rid of them. After defeating a skeletal Viking warrior, Donald returns to the deck, where the captain informs him that the diary is hidden in ice near the South Pole, and gives him an "ancient Viking plunger" that attaches to flying creatures. Donald then returns to the South Pole, hitching a ride on one of Pete's bird minions to reach the diary.

However, upon finding the diary, Pete shows up, holding Donald's nephews hostage in exchange for the diary. After giving Pete the diary, Donald travels to Pete's hideout to defeat Pete and get the diary back. The diary reveals that the map, when dipped in water, will reveal the location of the Great Duck Treasure. Donald flies to the island where the treasure is hidden and manages to evade its traps in order to reach the treasure vault. After defeating the elderly knight guarding the treasure, Donald opens the vault only to find a simple stone statue. When the disappointed Donald returns home, Huey, Dewey, and Louie accidentally break the statue, which reveals a golden jeweled necklace was hidden inside. Donald gives the necklace to Daisy and the two fly off into the sunset together.

Development and release
QuackShot was developed and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. In May 1991, Sega presented the game at the Consumer Electronics Show. The game was released in Europe in 1991, in North America on December 19, 1991 and in Japan the following day. QuackShot was released as part of a bundle called The Disney Collection for Genesis in 1996 alongside Castle of Illusion. The game was also ported to the Sega Saturn and released exclusively in Japan alongside Castle of Illusion again as part of the Sega Ages series in 1998, entitled Sega Ages: I Love Mickey Mouse.

Contemporary
In the United Kingdom, QuackShot was the top-selling Mega Drive game upon release.

QuackShot received a positive response from critics upon release. Paul Rand of Computer and Video Games magazine praised the graphics and gameplay, but noted its slower pace compared to action games. MegaTech magazine also praised the graphics and gameplay, but criticized the lack of difficulty. Console XS magazine called it one of the "best games for the Mega Drive."

Damian Butt from Sega Pro gave it a 95% score, praising the graphics and puzzles, explaining that "[e]ven if the ideas are not original, the way they are strung together to accelerate the pace to overload is nothing short of breath-taking". However, he had several criticisms, including Donald's controls in certain situations, the difficulty of some levels and puzzles, and "the number of credits" that make the game seem easy with unlimited continues, but noted that the player will "still need considerable skill to reach the treasure island". Ultimately, he said that "[y]ounger players will instantly be enthralled by Donald's quest" and that "QuackShot is everything a cartoon game should be and more".

Entertainment Weekly gave the game an A and wrote: "What does this action game have in common with classic 1950s Disney cartoons? The completely deranged hero. During the Donald's 'quack attacks', the feathers practically fly off the screen and into your lap".

Retrospective
GameRankings, an aggregator for video game reviews, assigned the game a score of 77% based on 2 retrospective reviews from Sega-16 and IGN. Sega-16 scored it 8 out of 10.

Levi Buchanan from IGN gave QuackShot a 7.3/10, lauding the graphics and animation as excellent, and saying the music was pleasing. He criticized the controls, calling them "float-y" and noted the difficulty in executing precision jumps, explaining that "[i]t's far too easy to over- or under-shoot a narrow column and slip to your doom". He was also disappointed with the lack of speech samples, explaining that it's "a bit of a drag with a character that is so defined by his voice". Buchanan summed up the game as being a "good platformer tripped up by some questionable controls" and recommended the game as "a mildly enjoyable 16-bit platformer that would fit nicely in your Genesis collection".

In 1992, Mega placed the game at #7 in their "Top Mega Drive Games of All Time" list. In 2017, GamesRadar ranked the game 28th on its "Best Sega Genesis/Mega Drive Games of All Time".

title: QuackShot


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Lugaid Luaigne

Lugaid Luaigne, son of Finnat Már, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He came to power after killing his predecessor, and his father's killer, Bresal Bó-Díbad, and ruled for five or fifteen years, before he was killed by Congal Cláiringnech. The Lebor Gabála Érenn synchronises his reign with that of Ptolemy X Alexander I (110–88 BC) in Egypt. The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 140–135 BC, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 199–184 BC.

Although presented as an ancestor of the Eóganachta in later medieval genealogies, Lugaid is regarded by T. F. O'Rahilly as one of several late emanations of Lugaid Loígde, ancestor of the Corcu Loígde.

title: Lugaid Luaigne


text:
Dubnovellaunus

Dubnovellaunus or Dumnovellaunus was the name of at least one, and possibly several kings of south-eastern Britain in the late 1st century BC/early 1st century AD, known from coin legends and from a mention in the Res Gestae Divi Augusti.

 * Dubnovellaunus is the name of a king who, based on coin distribution, appears to have ruled over Kent east of the River Medway. He was the first king of the Cantiaci to issue inscribed coins: some of his coins appear to date from as early as 40-30 BC. Towards the end of the 1st century BC he seems to have been succeeded by a king called Vodenos or Vosenios, although it is possible the two kings' reigns were contemporary or overlapped.
 * A king called Dubnovellaunus succeeded his father Addedomarus as king of the Trinovantes ca. 10-5 BC and ruled for several years before being supplanted by Cunobelinus of the Catuvellauni.
 * In the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, a British king called Dumnovellaunus appears, alongside Tincomarus of the Atrebates, as a supplicant to Augustus around AD 7.
 * Another Dumnovellaunus appears on coins of the Corieltauvi, dating ca. 45 AD. He appears to have been a subordinate king to Volisios, probably the overall king of the territory.

Given the chronology it is possible, but not certain, that Dubnovellaunus of the Cantiaci is the same individual as Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes; and the Trinovantian Dubnovellaunus is most likely to be the Dumnovellaunus who presented himself to Augustus.

title: Dubnovellaunus


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Bartolomeo d'Alviano

Bartolomeo d'Alviano (c. 1455 – October 1515) was an Italian condottiero and captain who distinguished himself in the defence of the Venetian Republic against the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian.

Biography
Bartolomeo d'Alviano was born in 1455 to a noble family in Umbria at Todi to Francesco d'Alviano and Isabella degli Atti. He fought very early in his life in Central Italy, serving in the Papal States and, in 1496, the Orsini family against Pope Alexander VI and the Colonna. In May 1497, Bartolomeo massacred Ghibellines in Todi while reinstalling the Guelfs. The next year he entered the service of Venice until 1503 when he joined the Orsini.

Bartolomeo was then hired by Ferdinand II of Spain. He distinguished himself in the victory at the Battle of Garigliano over the French army, which started the Spanish domination over southern Italy. In 1506, he returned to the Republic of Venice; he would remain in its service until his death. The following year Bartolomeo defeated the Imperial Army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, in Cadore (March 2, 1508), at Mauria and Pontebba, conquering Gorizia and Trieste. Pordenone also fell in the same year, and the Serenissima assigned the city's signory to d'Alviano himself, which was ruled by the d'Alviano family until 1539.

In 1509 (the year he began the construction of new city walls at Padua), Bartolomeo was defeated at the Battle of Agnadello while commanding the advance guard, being wounded as a result. After Nicolo Orsini, his co-commander of the Venetian army, refused to come to his aid, he was captured by the French. He remained a prisoner until 1513 when an alliance between France and Venice was formed against the Duchy of Milan. Bartolomeo was chosen as the commander-in-chief of the Venetian Army after being released, and fought under the French commander Louis de la Trémoille. He was defeated at the Battle of La Motta by the Spanish viceroy of Naples Ramón de Cardona and marquis of Pescara Fernando d'Ávalos.

Later, Bartolomeo again conquered and sacked Pordenone, which had fallen again to the House of Habsburg. In 1513-14, during the War of the Holy League, he captured Friuli for Venice. He subsequently played a major role in the French victory in the Battle of Marignano (September 1515), in which he attacked the Swiss mercenaries with a corps of only 300 knights. Later also he managed to conquer Bergamo, but died in October of the same year during the siege of Brescia.

Bartolomeo was buried in the church of Santo Stefano in Venice.

Personal life
In 1497, he married Bartolomea Orsini. Some time later, he married Pantasilea Baglioni, sister of Gian Paolo Baglioni, who was locked at Todi fortress with their children, but the Pope and Duke of Valentinois ordered their freedom.

In fiction
A fictional version of Bartolomeo d'Alviano appears in the video games Assassin's Creed II, Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy and Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood as a member of the Order of Assassins. His second wife, Pantasilea Baglioni, also appears as a member in Brotherhood.

title: Bartolomeo d'Alviano