text:
User:Stefanomione

(Under construction) Stefanomione donated 6967 categories to Wikipedia ... 6967 categories still standing as eternal rocks in the ephemeral Wikipedia stream ... Such dodecahedrons are platonic solids.

Category:Factions by war ** Category:Anti-Soviet factions in the Soviet–Afghan War ** Category:Military units and factions of the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Pro-government factions of the Syrian Civil War

Category:War crimes by war ** Category:Syrian Civil War crimes ** Category:Massacres of the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Chemical weapons in the Syrian Civil War

Category:Airstrikes by war ** Category:Airstrikes during the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Airstrikes during the Iran–Iraq War ** Category:Airstrikes during the Gaza War (2008–09) ** Category:Airstrikes during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2014) ** Category:Airstrikes of the War in North-West Pakistan

Category:Syrian Civil War by year ** Category:2011 in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:2012 in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:2013 in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:2014 in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:2015 in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:2016 in the Syrian Civil War

Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War by year ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2011 ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2012 ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2013 ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2014 ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2015 ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2016

Category:Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:American involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Australian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:British involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Canadian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:French involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Iranian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Iraqi involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Jordanian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Qatari involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Rojava involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Russian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Saudi Arabian involvement in the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War

Category:Iraqi Civil War by year ** Category:2014 in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:2015 in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:2016 in the Iraqi Civil War

Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War by year ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War in 2013 ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War in 2014 ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War in 2015 ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War in 2016

Category:Foreign involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:American involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:Australian involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:British involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:Canadian involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:French involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:Iranian involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:German involvement in the Iraqi Civil War ** Category:Rojava involvement in the Iraqi Civil War

Category:War and the media ** Category:War in Afghanistan (2001–2014) and the media ** Category:Iraq War and the media ** Category:Vietnam War and the media ** Category:World War I and the media ** Category:World War II and the media

Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by country ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Afghanistan ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Belgium ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Canada ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Egypt ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and France ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Germany ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Iran ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Iraq ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Kuwait ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Libya ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Nigeria ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Russia ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Saudi Arabia ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Syria ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Tunisia ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Turkey ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and the United Kingdom ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and the United States ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Yemen

Category:ISIL terrorist incidents by country ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Afghanistan ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Belgium ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Canada ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Egypt ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in France ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Iraq ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Kuwait ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Libya ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Saudi Arabia ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Syria ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Tunisia ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Turkey ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in the United States ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Yemen

Category:Arab Spring ** Category:Arab Spring and the media ** Category:Films about the Arab Spring ** Category:People of the Arab Spring ** Category:Timelines of the Arab Spring ** Category:Arab Spring by country

Category:Arab Spring by country ** Category:Tunisian Revolution

Category:Arab Winter ** Category:Arab Winter by country ** Category:Works about the Arab Winter ** Category:Refugees of the Arab Winter ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by country ** Category:Journalists killed while covering the Arab Spring

Category:Arab Winter by country ** Category:Arab Winter in Egypt ** Category:Arab Winter in Iraq ** Category:Arab Winter in Lebanon ** Category:Arab Winter in Libya ** Category:Arab Winter in Mali ** Category:Arab Winter in Syria ** Category:Arab Winter in Turkey ** Category:Arab Winter in Tunisia

Category:People murdered by Mexican drug cartels ** Category:Journalists killed in the Mexican Drug War ** Category:politicians killed in the Mexican Drug War ** Category:Musicians killed in the Mexican Drug War

Category:Assassinated people by organization ** Category:Assassinated al-Nusra Front members ** Category:Assassinated al-Qaeda members ** Category:Assassinated Al-Shabaab members ** Category:Assassinated Hezbollah members ** Category:Assassinated ISIL members ** Category:People murdered by organized crime **

Category:People murdered by organized crime ** Category:People murdered by the Sicilian Mafia ** Category:People murdered by Mexican drug cartels ** Category:People murdered by the Corleonesi ** Category:Judges murdered by the Corleonesi ** Category:Mafiosi murdered by the Corleonesi ** Category:Murdered Mafiosi **

Category:Linguistic units ** Category:Semantic units ** Category:Lexical units ** Category:Units of linguistic morphology ** Category:Parts of speech by type

Category:Narrative units ** Category:Recurring elements in folklore ** Category:Recurrent elements in fairy tales ** Category:Folklore characters ** Category:European folklore characters ** Category:Fictional sidekicks by medium

Category:Fyodor Dostoyevsky characters ** Category:Honoré de Balzac characters ** Category:Cormac McCarthy characters ** Category:Vladimir Nabokov characters ** Category:Rabelais characters ** Category:Shakespearean characters ** Category:Atlas Shrugged characters ** Category:Torquato Tasso characters ** Category:Mark Twain characters

Category:Characters in American novels ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 20th century ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 20th century by writer ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 20th century by novel ** Category:Atlas Shrugged characters ** Category:Catch-22 characters ** Category:Characters in The Vampire Chronicles ** Category:Characters in American novels by writer ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 19th century by writer** Category:Characters in American novels of the 20th century by writer

Category:Characters in American novels by century ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 19th century ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 20th century ** Category:Characters in American novels of the 21st century

Category:Characters in French novels by writer ** Category:Characters in French novels by century ** Category:Characters in French novels of the 19th century ** ** Category:Characters in French novels of the 20th century

Category:Terrorist incidents by country ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Afghanistan ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Belgium ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Burkina Faso ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Cameroon ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Egypt ** Category:Terrorist incidents in India ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Indonesia ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Iraq ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Italy ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Ivory Coast ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Japan ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Mali ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Morocco ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Niger ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Nigeria ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Russia ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Somalia ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Tunisia ** Category:Terrorist incidents in Yemen ** Category:Terrorist incidents in the Sinai Peninsula

Category:Newspaper publishing families ** Category:Newspaper publishing families by nationality ** Category:American newspaper publishing families ** Category:Brazilian newspaper publishing families ** Category:British newspaper publishing families ** Category:Canadian newspaper publishing families ** Category:Colombian newspaper publishing families ** Category:French newspaper publishing families **  Category:German newspaper publishing families ** Category:Irish newspaper publishing families **  Category:Italian newspaper publishing families ** Category:Pakistani newspaper publishing families

Category:Persecution by country ** Category:Persecution in Iraq ** Category:Persecution of Christians in Iraq ** Category:Persecution of Kurds in Iraq ** Category:Persecution of Yazidis in Iraq ** Category:Persecution in the Ottoman Empire ** Category:Persecution of Assyrians in the Ottoman Empire ** Category:Persecution in Iran ** Category:Persecution in Turkey

Category:Jihadist propaganda ** Category:Al-Qaeda propaganda ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant media ** Category:Al-Qaeda propagandists ** Category:Works by Al-Qaeda ** Category:Works about Al-Qaeda

Category:Works about Al-Qaeda ** Category:Books about al-Qaeda ** Category:Historians of al-Qaeda ** Category:Historians of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb ** Category:Works about the September 11 attacks

Category:Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb ** Category:Members of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb ** Category:Leaders of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb ** Category:Terrorist incidents attributed to al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb ** Category:Historians of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

Category:Journalists killed while covering the Arab Spring ** Category:Journalists killed while covering the Libyan Civil War (2011) ** Category:War photographers killed while covering the Libyan Civil War (2011) ** Category:War photographers killed while covering the Syrian Civil War

Category:Works about wars ** Category:Historical reenactment by war ** Category:Works about battles and military operations ** Category:War photographs

Category:Works about wars ** Category:Works about battles and operations of World War I ** Category:Works about battles and operations of World War II ** Category:Works about the Soviet–Afghan War ** Category:Works about the War in Afghanistan (2001–2014) ** Category:Works about the Napoleonic Wars ** Category:Works about the Russian Civil War ** Category:Works about the Spanish Civil War **  Category:Works about the Vietnam War ** Category:Works about The New Great Game ** Category:Works about the Arab Winter

Category:War photographs ** Category:Vietnam War photographs ** Category:War photographers ** Category:Works about war photography

Category:War photographers ** Category:Works about war photographers ** Category:Films about war photographers ** Category:Novels about war photographers ** Category:Works about photojournalists ** Category:Films about photojournalists

Category:Jihadist groups by country ** Category:Jihadist groups in Afghanistan ** Category:Jihadist groups in Bangladesh ** Category:Jihadist groups in Egypt ** Category:Jihadist groups in India ** Category:Jihadist groups in Jammu and Kashmir ** Category:Jihadist groups in Pakistan ** Category:Jihadist groups in Syria

Category:Jihadist groups in Afghanistan ** Category:Terrorist incidents attributed to Afghan jihadist groups ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Afghanistan ** Category:Taliban attacks ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Afghanistan ** Category:Lashkar-e-Jhangvi ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba ** Category:Peshawar Seven

Category:Jihadist groups in Bangladesh ** Category:Attacks on secularists in Bangladesh ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Bangladesh

Category:Jihadist groups in Egypt ** Category:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Egypt ** Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Egypt

Category:Jihadist groups in India ** Category:Terrorist incidents attributed to jihadist groups in India ** Category:Jihadist groups in Jammu and Kashmir ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba attacks ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba members

Category:Jihadist groups in Jammu and Kashmir ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba attacks ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba members

Category:Jihadist groups in Pakistan ** Category:Terrorist incidents attributed to Pakistani jihadist groups ** Category:Jundallah (Pakistan) ** Category:Jamaat-ul-Ahrar ** Category:Lashkar-e-Jhangvi ** Category:Lashkar-e-Taiba ** Category:Peshawar Seven ** Category:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan ** Category:Jihadist groups affiliated to Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan

Category:Jihadist groups in Syria ** Category:Al-Nusra Front ** Category:Al-Nusra Front members ** Category:Assassinated al-Nusra Front members ** Category:Military operations involving the al-Nusra Front ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War involving the al-Nusra Front ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the al-Nusra Front

Category:Revolution ** Category:Revolution and the media ** Category:French Revolution and the media ** Category:Arab Spring and the media

Category:Media history ** Category:American media history ** Category:French media history ** Category:Revolution and the media ** Category:War and the media

Category:Persecution of Kurds ** Category:Assassinated Kurdish journalists ** Category:Assassinated Kurdish politicians ** Category:Assassinated Iranian Kurdish politicians ** Category:Assassinated Iraqi Kurdistani politicians ** Category:Assassinated Syrian Kurdish politicians ** Category:Assassinated Turkish journalists ** Category:Persecution of Kurds by country

Category:Persecution of Kurds by country ** Category:Persecution of Kurds in Iran ** Category:Persecution of Kurds in Iraq ** Category:Persecution of Kurds in Syria ** Category:Persecution of Kurds in Turkey

Category:Kurdish separatism by country ** Category:Kurdish separatism in Iraq ** Category:Kurdish separatism in Iran ** Category:Kurdish separatism in Turkey

Category:Kurdish secession by country ** Category:Kurdish secession in Iraq ** Category:Kurdish secession in Iran ** Category:Kurdish secession in Syria ** Category:Kurdish secession in Turkey

Category:Former Kurdish states ** Category:Former Kurdish states in Azerbaijan ** Category:Former Kurdish states in Iran ** Category:Former Kurdish states in Iraq ** Category:Former Kurdish states in Turkey

Category:Espionage by period ** Category:Espionage historians ** Category:Works about espionage

Category:Works about espionage ** Category:Non-fiction works about espionage ** Category:Non-fiction books about espionage ** Category:Works about The Great Game ** Category:Non-fiction books about The Great Game ** Category:Films about The Great Game ** Category:Novels about The Great Game ** Category:Works about intelligence analysis ** Category:Works of intelligence analysis ** Category:Magazines about espionage

Category:Works about racism ** Category:Non-fiction books about racism ** Category:Works about the Holocaust

Category:Works about the Holocaust ** Category:Works about Adolf Eichmann ** Category:Films about the capture of Adolf Eichmann

Category:Works by ideology ** Category:Anarchist works ** Category:Antisemitic works ** Category:Communist works ** Category:Existentialist works ** Category:Anti-fascist works ** Category:Fascist works ** Category:Feminist works ** Category:Imperialist works ** Category:Islamist works ** Category:Jihadist works ** Category:Maoist works ** Category:Marxist works ** Category:Nazi works ** Category:Nihilist works ** Category:Objectivist works ** Category:Postmodern works ** Category:Socialist works ** Category:Trotskyist works

Category:Works about ideologies ** Category:Works about anarchism ** Category:Works about antisemitism ** Category:Works about capitalism **Category:Works about communism ** Category:Works about consumerism ** Category:Works about existentialism ** Category:Works about feminism **Category:Works about globalization ** Category:Works about imperialism ** Category:Works about Islamism ** Category:Works about jihadism **Category:Works about Maoism ** Category:Works about Marxism ** Category:Works about nationalism ** Category:Works about Nazism **Category:Works about neoconservatism ** Category:Works about nihilism ** Category:Works about Objectivism (Ayn Rand) ** Category:Works about postmodernism **Category:Works about racism ** Category:Works about socialism ** Category:Works about Stalinism ** Category:Works about totalitarianism

Category:Works about art genres ** Category:Works about the Beat Generation ** Category:Works about postmodernism ** Category:Works about surrealism ** Category:Works about symbolism (arts) ** Category:Works about avant-garde and experimental art ** Category:Works about science fiction

Category:Works by genre ** Category:Anime and manga by genre ** Category:Pornography by genre ** Category:Soap operas by genre **Category:Wikis by genre

Category:Categories by perpetrator ** Category:Airstrikes by perpetrator ** Category:Criminal activities by perpetrator ** Category:Deaths by perpetrator ** Category:Massacres by perpetrator ** Category:Persecution by perpetrator ** Category:Terrorism by perpetrator

Category:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War ** Category:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War by belligerent party ** Category:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War by type ** Category:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War by year

Category:Persecution by ISIL ** Category:Persecution of Christians by ISIL ** Category:Persecution of Assyrians by ISIL ** Category:Persecution of Copts by ISIL ** Category:Persecution of Kurds by ISIL ** Category:Persecution of Yazidis by ISIL

Category:Refugees by type ** Category:Refugees of the Arab Winter ** Category:Refugees of the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Transport disasters involving refugees of the Arab Winter (2011–present) ** Category:European migrant crisis

Category:European migrant crisis ** Category:Calais migrant crisis (1999–present) ** Category:Border barriers constructed during the European migrant crisis ** Category:Immigration detention centers and prisons in Europe ** Category:People of the European migrant crisis ** Category:Maritime incidents related to the European migrant crisis ** Category:Transport disasters involving refugees of the Arab Winter (2011–present) ** Category:Works about the European migrant crisis ** Category:Films about immigration to Italy ** Category:Refugees of the Arab Winter ** Category:Refugees of the Syrian Civil War

Category:Works about television ** Category:Films about television ** Category:Works about soap operas ** Category:Books about soap operas ** Category:Documentary films about soap operas  ** Category:Magazines about soap operas ** Category:Television events ** Category:Works about television people

Category:Media events by medium ** Category:Television events ** Category:Film events ** Category:Newspaper events ** Category:Internet events  ** Category:Photography events ** Category:Soap opera events ** Category:Comedy events

Category:Television events ** Category:Soap opera events ** Category:Comedy events

Category:Works about industries ** Category:Works about arms trafficking ** Category:Works about gambling ** Category:Works about the history of industries ** Category:Works about the illegal drug trade  ** Category:Works about illegal immigration ** Category:Works about the informal economy ** Category:Works about media industries ** Category:Works about the military-industrial complex ** Category:Works about mining ** Category:Works about organized crime ** Category:Works about public relations  ** Category:Works about the sex industry ** Category:Works about the tobacco industry

Category:Works about the illegal drug trade ** Category:Films about the illegal drug trade ** Category:Non-fiction books about the illegal drug trade ** Category:Video games about the illegal drug trade ** Category:Works about Colombian drug cartels  ** Category:Works about the French Connection ** Category:Works about Mexican drug cartels

Category:Works about the sex industry ** Category:Works about pornography ** Category:Works about prostitution ** Category:Works about sex trafficking

Category:Military tactics by type of warfare ** Category:Gangland warfare tactics ** Category:Guerrilla warfare tactics ** Category:Urban guerrilla warfare tactics ** Category:Cold War tactics ** Category:Psychological warfare techniques ** Category:Sniper warfare tactics ** Category:Terrorism tactics ** Category:Economic warfare tactics

Category:Works about film ** Category:Works about films ** Category:Books about films ** Category:Works about filmmaking **Category:Works about film directors and producers ** Category:Works about screenwriting ** Category:Works about screenwriters ** Category:Films about screenwriters ** Category:Plays about screenwriters

Category:Works about empires ** Category:Works about the European colonisation in Africa ** Category:Books about films ** Category:Works about the Byzantine Empire ** Category:Works about Ancient Rome ** Category:Works about the Russian Empire ** Category:Works about Austria-Hungary ** Category:Works about the Soviet Union ** Category:Works by empire of setting

Category:Works by empire of setting ** Category:Works set in Austria-Hungary ** Category:Novels set in Austria-Hungary ** Category:Works set in Colonial Africa ** Category:Works set in the French colonial empire ** Category:Works set in the Inca Empire ** Category:Works set in the Roman Empire ** Category:Works set in the Soviet Union ** Category:Works set in the Russian Empire

Category:Newspaper publishers (people) by nationality ** Category:American newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:Argentine newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:Australian newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:Belgian newspaper publishers (people) ** Category: Brazilian newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:British newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:Canadian newspaper publishers (people) ** Category:Colombian newspaper publishers (people)

Category:News magazines by country ** Category:French news magazines ** Category:Italian news magazines

Category:Handbooks and manuals by subject ** Category:Criminology handbooks and manuals ** Category:Military handbooks and manuals ** Category:Psychological warfare handbooks and manuals ** Category:Torture handbooks and manuals ** Category:Handbooks and manuals about screenwriting ** Category:Terrorism handbooks and manuals ** Category:Guerrilla warfare handbooks and manuals ** Category:Urban guerrilla warfare handbooks and manuals

Category:Peshmerga ** Category:Wars involving the Peshmerga ** Category:Military operations involving the Peshmerga ** Category:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War involving the Peshmerga ** Category:Military operations of the Iraqi Civil War involving the Peshmerga ** Category:Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the Peshmerga

Category:Works of film theory ** Category:Concepts in film theory ** Category:Books of film theory

Category:Aftermath of wars ** Category:Aftermath of the Libyan Civil War (2011)

Category:17th-century novelists ** Category:17th-century French novelists

Category:Warfare by period ** Category:Wars by period ** Category:Syrian Civil War weapons ** Category:Iraqi Civil War weapons

Category:Members of jihadist groups ** Category:Activities by jihadist groups ** Category:Jihadist groups by country

Category:Historically themed events ** Category:History of transport events ** Category:Maritime history events ** Category:Military history events ** Category:History festivals ** Category:Historical reenactment ** Category:Historical reenactment by type ** Category:Historical reenactment by war ** Category:Medieval reenactment events

Category:Works about the arts ** Category:Works about film ** Category:Works about films ** Category:Works about filmmaking ** Category:Works about opera ** Category:Works about musical theatre ** Category:Works about art genres

Category:Works about opera ** Category:Books about opera ** Category:Films about opera ** Category:Documentary films about opera ** Category:Magazines about opera ** Category:Works set in theatres and opera houses

Category:Works by academic discipline ** Category:Non-fiction books by discipline ** Category:Works of political science ** Category:Works of clinical psychology ** Category:Works of semiotics ** Category:Philosophical works ** Category:Linguistics works ** Category:Works of literary theory ** Category:Mathematical works ** Category:Medical works ** Category:Psychiatry works ** Category:Works about geopolitics ** Category:Works of criminology ** Category:Works about dentistry ** Category:Forensic works **

Category:Television networks ** Category:Television channels and networks by interest ** Category:Television channels and networks by content ** Category:Television channels and networks about health ** Category:Television channels and networks about history ** Category:Television channels and networks about food and drink ** Category:Television stations in the United States by state

Category:Mass media owners ** Category:Mass media owners by nationality ** Category:Mass media owners by medium ** Category:Works about mass media owners ** Category:Fictional mass media owners ** Category:Cable television company owners ** Category:Cable television company founders ** Category:American cable television company founders ** Category:Television company founders ** Category:Television company founders by nationality

Category:Non-fiction books about espionage ** Category:Books about intelligence agencies ** Category:Books about intelligence analysis ** Category:Works about the Central Intelligence Agency ** Category:Works about Ian Fleming

Category:Works about the Central Intelligence Agency

Category:Works about the National Security Agency

Category:Refugees of the Arab Winter ** Category:Refugees of the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Transport disasters involving refugees of the Arab Winter (2011–present) ** Category:European migrant crisis ** Category:Calais migrant crisis (1999–present)

Category:Works based on works ** Category:Works based on books ** Category:Works based on films ** Category:Films based on works ** Category:Works based on The Godfather

Category:Intelligence analysis ** Category:Intelligence analysts ** Category:Counter-intelligence analysts ** Category:Works of intelligence analysis ** Category:Works about intelligence analysis ** Category:Books about intelligence analysis ** Category:Intelligence reports ** Category:Books about discourse analysis

Category:Works about computer and internet entrepreneurs ** Category:Books about computer and internet entrepreneurs ** Category:Films about computer and internet entrepreneurs ** Category:Biographical films about computer and internet entrepreneurs ** Category:Documentary films about computer and internet entrepreneurs **Category:Works about Steve Jobs ** Category:Films about Steve Jobs ** Category:Books about Steve Jobs ** Category:Works about Apple Inc. ** Category:Books about Apple Inc. ** Category:Works about free software ** Category:Documentary films about free software ** Category:Magazines about free software

Category:Benito Mussolini ** Category:Films about Benito Mussolini ** Category:Documentary films about Benito Mussolini

Category:Defunct newspapers by country ** Category:Weekly newspapers by country ** Category:Lists of newspapers by country ** Category:Lists of newspapers in the United States ** Category:Lists of newspapers in the United States by state ** Category:Lists of newspapers in the United Kingdom ** Category:Defunct newspapers of the United Kingdom

Category:Founders by field ** Category:Founders of the petroleum industry ** Category:Newspaper founders ** Category:Newspaper founders by nationality ** Category:Radio founders ** Category:Radio company founders ** Category:Media company founders ** Category:Media company founders by nationality ** Category:Media company founders by medium

Category:Media pioneers ** Category:Radio pioneers ** Category:Television pioneers

Category:Boko Haram insurgency ** Category:Boko Haram by country ** Category:Boko Haram in Cameroon ** Category:Boko Haram in Chad

Category:Newspapers by content ** Category:Newspapers by interest ** Category:Newspapers by publication frequency ** Category:Newspapers by medium ** Category:Penny papers

Category:Works about mathematics ** Category:Books about mathematics ** Category:Works about the history of mathematics ** Category:Books about the history of mathematics ** Category:Works about philosophy of mathematics ** Category:Mathematics education works

Category:Mathematical works

Category:Mathematical events

Category:Works about the history of science ** Category:Works about the history of agriculture ** Category:Works about the history of mathematics ** Category:Books about the history of mathematics ** Category:Works about the history of astronomy ** Category:History of astronomy journals

Category:Philosophy of science works ** Category:Works about philosophy of economics ** Category:Works about philosophy of mathematics ** Category:Works about the philosophy of history ** Category:Works about philosophy of physics ** Category:Works about philosophy of psychology ** Category:Works about philosophy of social sciences

Category:Works about Barack Obama ** Category:Books about Barack Obama

Category:Works about Hillary Clinton

Category:Works about John F. Kennedy ** Category:Biographies of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Films about John F. Kennedy ** Category:Works about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Books about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Novels about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Non-fiction books about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Films about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Documentary films about the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Researchers of the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Witnesses to the assassination of John F. Kennedy ** Category:Members of the Warren Commission

Category:Works about American politicians ** Category:Works about the Kennedy family ** Category:Works about the Bush family **Category:Works about Hillary Clinton ** Category:Works about Presidents of the United States

Category:Works about Presidents of the United States ** Category:Biographical films about Presidents of the United States ** Category:Documentary films about Presidents of the United States ** Category:Works about John F. Kennedy ** Category:Works about Barack Obama] ** Category:Works about Abraham Lincoln ** Category:Works about George W. Bush

Category:Goethe's Faust ** Category:Characters in Goethe's Faust ** Category:Works based on the Faust legend

Category:Novels by setting ** Category:Novels by body of water ** Category:Novels by city of setting ** Category:Novels by country of setting ** Category:Novels by continent of setting ** Category:Novels by region of setting ** Category:Novels by period of setting

Category:Novels set in the Caribbean ** Category:Novels set in the Caribbean by country ** Category:Novels set in the Mediterranean Sea ** Category:Novels set in Corsica ** Category:Novels set in Sicily

Category:Works about maritime culture ** Category:Works about fishing ** Category:Works about fishing ** Category:Novels set in Corsica ** Category:Novels set in Sicily

Category:Novels by city of setting ** Category:Novels set in Lagos

Category:Novels by country of setting ** Category:Novels set in the United States

Category:Novels by continent of setting ** Category:Novels set in Africa ** Category:Novels set in Africa by country ** Category:Novels set in Asia by country ** Category:Novels set in Europe ** Category:Novels set in Europe by country ** Category:Novels set in North America ** Category:Novels set in North America by country ** Category:Novels set in the Caribbean ** Category:Novels set in the Caribbean by country ** Category:Novels set in South America by country

Category:Novels by region of setting ** Category:Novels set in the Caribbean ** Category:Novels set in the Caribbean by country Category:Novels set in Corsica ** Category:Novels set in Sicily ** Category:Novels set in the Middle East ** Category:Novels set in Siberia

Category:Novels by period of setting ** Category:Novels by century of setting ** Category:Novels by decade of setting ** Category: Novels set in the Roaring Twenties

Category:Works by setting ** Category:Works set in castles and fortresses ** Category:Works set in hotels ** Category:Works set in psychiatric hospitals

Category:Works by country of setting ** Category:Novels by country of setting ** Category:Operas by country of setting ** Category:Short stories by country of setting ** Category:Television shows by country of setting ** Category:Works about organized crime by country

Category:Works about the Russian Civil War ** Category:Russian Civil War films ** Category:Russian Civil War novels

Category:Works about the Russian Civil War

Category:Lists of the Syrian Civil War ** Category:Lists by war **List of Italian-American politicians by state ** List of Sicilian Americans ** List of films set in Sicily

Category:Formula One drivers by nationality ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers] ** [[:Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers] ** [[:Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers] ** [[:Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers] ** [[:Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers ** Category:Formula One drivers

Category:Consumerism ** Category:Works about consumerism **Category:Novels about consumerism ** Category:Non-fiction books about consumerism

Category:Digital Revolution ** Category:Works about the Digital Revolution ** Category:Books about the Digital Revolution ** Category:Websites about digital media

Category:Printing Revolution ** Category:Works about the Printing Revolution ** Category:Books about the Printing Revolution ** Category:Historians of the Printing Revolution

Marquis de Sade Political films by country Novels by country and century of setting Works about psychiatry Murdered monarchs Directors of intelligence agencies Talent and literary agencies Talent agencies Literacy agencies Internet marketing companies Branding companies Branding terminology Works about business American technology company founders Works about cities in the United States Works about immigration to the United States Psychoanalysis by type Books about the media Car and truck bombings by country Political families of the United States Works about the informal economy Works set during the Great Depression Works about the Great Depression Films about Friedrich Nietzsche Works about philosophy of economics Works about the French Revolution Characters in French novels of the 19th century Characters in French novels of the 19th century by writer Assassinated Russian journalists

title: User:Stefanomione


text:
Brian Masse

Brian S. Masse (born July 9, 1968) is a Canadian politician. He has served in the House of Commons of Canada since 2002, representing the riding of Windsor West as a member of the New Democratic Party.

Early life and career
Masse was born in Windsor, Ontario. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in sociology from Wilfrid Laurier University in 1991 and has completed coursework for a Master of Arts degree at the University of Windsor. During the 1990s, he was a job developer for the Association for Persons with Physical Disabilities and a program coordinator for the Multicultural Council of Windsor and Essex County.

Masse was elected for Ward 2 of the Windsor City Council in 1997 and was re-elected in 2000. In 1998, he played a prominent role in preventing a rock-crushing operation from opening in the Wellington Avenue area.

In May 2001, the Windsor City Council unanimously approved Masse's motion to prevent school boards from selling vacant property lots at the highest market value. His purpose was to dissuade boards from closing schools, though some criticized the motion as working against taxpayer interests. Masse later called for a referendum on a proposed new arena project, but this was not accepted by council.

Masse is married to Terry Chow, with whom he has two children.

Member of Parliament
Masse joined the federal New Democratic Party in 1997 and was first elected to the Canadian Parliament in a by-election held on May 13, 2002. The election was called after the resignation of Herb Gray, a long-time Liberal cabinet minister who had been a member of Parliament (MP) since 1962. Masse won the NDP nomination without opposition and defeated Liberal candidate Richard Pollock by 2,477 votes to win the seat. He was re-elected by a greater margin in the 2004 general election. Masse's success in 2002 was partly due to support from Joe Comartin, a fellow Windsor New Democrat who was elected to the House of Commons in the 2000 federal election. In 2002–03, Masse supported Comartin's bid for the NDP leadership.

Masse served as the NDP critic for Auto Policy, Canada Border Services, and Customs in the 38th Canadian Parliament. He also became a member of the newly formed all-party "Border Caucus", examining aspects of Canada-U.S. trade relations. In 2004, he introduced a motion to restrict pharmaceutical companies from renewing their patent protection.

During his first campaign for the House of Commons, the Windsor Star ran an editorial opposing him as "a bench-warmer, a yes-man, a political careerist". Two years later, however, a Star columnist wrote that Masse had "vastly exceeded expectations and quickly developed into an able, hard-working representative who has stayed on top of riding issues."

Masse was re-elected in the 2006 federal election with an increased majority over Liberal Werner Keller. He served as NDP Deputy Industry Critic. After the election, Masse and Comartin spoke out against the provincial NDP's decision to remove Canadian Auto Workers leader Buzz Hargrove from the party.

Masse has criticized Industry Minister Maxime Bernier's plans to deregulate Canada's telecommunications market and ease restrictions on foreign ownership, arguing that the reforms could result in a small number of companies controlling the Canadian industry.

Since 2015, Masse has sat on the NDP frontbench as the critic for Innovation, Science and Economic Development.

Masse was re-elected in the 2019 Canadian federal election and the 2021 Canadian federal election, on both occasions finishing ahead of former Liberal MPP Sandra Pupatello.

Federal

 * - bgcolor="white"

 * align="left" colspan=2|New Democratic Party hold

 * - bgcolor="white"

 * align="left" colspan=2|New Democratic Party hold

Municipal
Results provided by the City of Windsor.

Results are provided by the City of Windsor.

Electors could vote for two candidates in the municipal elections. The percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes.

All federal election information is taken from Elections Canada. Italicized expenditures refer to submitted totals, and are presented when the final reviewed totals are not available.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Brian Masse


text:
Talk:Agadir Crisis

Full Scale War
Why didn't full-scale war break out in the port of Agadir? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 212.159.124.189 (talk • contribs).

 * I am not exactly sure, but I believe that it was because of British diplomacy. --Revised 17:03, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Between whom? The Panther anchored but was not able to land --96.127.214.150 (talk) 02:24, 2 August 2014 (UTC)

Name of Ship
Does anyone have information on the specific name of the German warship? I have heard that it is Agadir but I wasn't able to prove that from any sources. I did find at http://orbat.com/site/history/historical/germany/navy1906.html that the name of the famous ship was the Panther. Does this sound right? Anyone know anything about this? -- --Revised 16:57, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah the ship is called a Panther... —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.92.234.178 (talk • contribs).

Size of Cameroons?
275,000 cm^2 seems ludicrously small; it is less than 27.5 square meters, which is about a quarter of a football field. Even if it were than many square meters, it would still only be a quarter of a square kilometer. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.124.129.219 (talk • contribs) 20:50, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree, i believe that may be a mistake. Also, upon visiting the Treaty_of_Fez page, you will see that it says km2 on there. I think cm2 may have been a mistake... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.42.1.139 (talk • contribs) 00:08, 11 October 2006 (UTC)

Causes
Doesn't it seem unlikely that the reason the Panther did this in 1911 was something that happened in 1906? I'm prepared to believe that the underlying resentment was still there, but what made it happen in July 1911, was there a trigger? Regards, sbandrews (t) 20:12, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

impact on british navy
in his book The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, daniel yergin claims it was this incident that convinced winston churchill, then home secretary, that britain must make the radical step of converting it's navy from coal to oil, a decision of great consequence. shouldn't that be added? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Nudve (talk • contribs) 08:50, 16 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Absolutely. If you can provide a page reference, go for it. — Brian ( talk ) 09:03, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

Introduction
The introductory paragraph included this sentence:

 * France thus broke with both the Act of Algeciras that had ended the First Moroccan Crisis and the Franco-German Accord of 1909.

I have several problems with including this here. (1) It seems to be an opinion. (2) Nothing in the Algeciras Conference article confirms this conclusion. (3) There is no mention of the 1909 accord in the Background section. Nor does Wikipedia contain any other mention of such a Franco-German Accord.

Surely, the purpose of the introduction is to summarize the main body of the article. Whereas this statement seems only to blame the French for this crisis, without subsequent elaboration.

Therefore, I have removed it from the introduction. If it belongs anywhere in this article, I would suggest that be the Background or Timeline of events sections.

- Zulu Kane (talk) 15:53, 4 May 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Agadir Crisis. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175229/http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/12322 to http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/12322

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:42, 9 December 2017 (UTC)

Rename article in "second Moroccan crisis"?
This article should be renamed "Second Moroccan Crisis" because its starting point was not the sending of the gunboat to Agadir, but the illegal occupation of Fez by French troops on May 21, 1911.

In most countries and almost all modern historical works, the events of that time are summarized under this term.

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/second-moroccan-crisis — Preceding unsigned comment added by XeniaBW (talk • contribs) 07:40, 5 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Agadir Crisis


text:
Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph

The Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph, founded by William Brown (c. 1737–1789) as the Quebec Gazette on 21 June 1764, is the oldest running newspaper in North America. It is currently published as an English language weekly from its offices in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Formerly a bilingual French-English publication, the Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph celebrated its 250th anniversary in 2014.

Origins and history
Founded as the Quebec Gazette in 1764, it is a descendant of several newspapers published during the past three centuries. Until 1842, the newspaper published editions in both French and English. At its inception it originally began as a weekly, but in May 1832, it began appearing in English on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and in French on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The Quebec Gazette merged with the Morning Chronicle in 1873 to become the Quebec Chronicle and Quebec Gazette.

On 25 July 1925 another merger occurred with the Quebec Daily Telegraph and the paper was then published under the banner of the Chronicle-Telegraph until 1934, when it added Quebec to its masthead, where it remains to this day.

In 1959, the paper was sold to the Thomson Publishing Group (then owned by Canadian media mogul Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet, now part of Thomson Reuters) which later sold the newspaper to publisher Herb Murphy. In 1972 it went from being a daily to its current weekly edition format. Quebec City is a virtually monolingual francophone city, and the area's anglophone population was too small for the paper to be viable as a daily. Then as now, its readership came mainly from anglophone provincial government workers and anglophone members of the National Assembly of Quebec.

The paper was sold again in 1979 to lawyers David Cannon, Jean Lemelin, Ross Rourke and broadcaster Bob Dawson, who later passed it on to David Cannon. It was then bought by Karen Macdonald and François Vézina on 1 January 1993. On 1 August 2007 it was sold to Peter White, former Hollinger executive and Mr. White sold it to Pierre Little in 2009, a New Brunswick native. In November 2010, majority shares were sold to Ray Stanton of London, Ontario.

Claims of seniority
The Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph claims to be North America's oldest newspaper due to the following:

 * The Maryland Gazette began publication in 1727, though it ceased publication in its tenth year and the name was only revived in 1922.
 * The New Hampshire Gazette began publication on 7 October 1756 and continues as a weekly today. However, the name disappeared for a time and the new version was started from scratch by a different owner who had not purchased the paper from a previous owner.
 * In Canada, the Halifax Gazette, founded in 1752, claims to be "Canada's first newspaper." However, its official descendant, the Royal Gazette, is a government publication for legal notices and proclamations rather than a proper newspaper.
 * The Newport Mercury began as a weekly in 1758 and still publishes news today under the same name, ceasing publication only for a short period during the American Revolution.
 * Finally, there is the Hartford Courant, founded 29 October 1764, a few months after the Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. However, the Courant claims that it, not the Chronicle-Telegraph, is the oldest newspaper in North America, since it has never missed a day of publication since its foundation while the Chronicle-Telegraph briefly ceased publication during the 1775 Siege of Quebec.

The Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph therefore has a defendable claim to being the oldest newspaper that still publishes news in Canada.

Archive scanning partnership with Google News
In 2008 the Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph joined the Google News microfilm scanning project to make its newspaper archives more accessible via Google's free news archive search service.

Publisher Pierre Little stated that: "This effort will open up a new world of possibilities for today's Internet users. You can search for everything from news of loved ones of past generations to news of major historical events"

and that:

"... many readers visit the newspaper's Web site to look for obituaries and conduct research on their ancestors. We could envision that thousands of families would be attracted to our archives to search for people who came over to the New World. ... We hope that will be a financial windfall for us."

title: Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph


text:
Chris Stokes (filmmaker)

Chris Stokes is an American filmmaker and former record executive. He founded the record label the Ultimate Group (or TUG Entertainment) in 1997, whose roster included B2K, Omarion, Jhené Aiko, Marques Houston, IMx and NLT, among others. He has also directed the 2004 dance drama film You Got Served, as well as the direct-to-TV films House Party 4 (2001) and Somebody Help Me (2007).

Career
Stokes first became connected with film and television through the talent of whom he managed. In 1992, Marques Houston made his acting debut in the animated comedy film Bebe's Kids, and received his big break as a regular on Sister, Sister in 1994. All three members of Immature appeared in the film House Party 3 (1994).

Stokes' first film credit came in 2001 as the writer and director of House Party 4, which starred Immature, which by then had transitioned to their new name IMx. He then served as the writer and director of the 2004 dance film You Got Served, which was commercially successful and starred members of his TUG label; The cast included Houston, as well as rapper Lil' Kim.

In 2007 Stokes launched a clothing and fashion line, the Christopher Brian Collection, which debuted at Magic in Las Vegas February 2007. The line featured Kim Kardashian as the principal spokesmodel and was available at Dash, her Calabasas boutique. Promotional images for the brand featured topless pictures of Kim Kardashian wearing just the Christopher Brian pants.

He also wrote and directed the horror films Somebody Help Me and Somebody Help Me 2. The first of which made a television premiere on BET on Halloween 2007, and released to DVD the following November. Both were distributed by Vivendi. The company's second feature, No Vacancy, another horror, was completed in 2011 and the first of Stokes' films not star talent from his musical career. It was distributed by Grindstone / Lionsgate Home Entertainment.

Also in 2011, Stokes returned to the dance battle genre with the dance-drama Battlefield America, starring Houston, Gary Anthony Sturgis, and Lynn Whitfield. The film follows a young businessman whose community service obligations require him to turn a group of misfit kids into a dance team.

In 2018, Stokes signed a 3-picture deal with Viacom for his films We Belong Together, Running Out of Time, and Fall Girls. The former launched BET Network's original movie franchise by premiering simultaneously on BET and BET Her, produced by Chris Stokes' Footage Films production company. In August 2019, BET+ announced their legal thriller, Sacrifice to be written, directed, and produced by Stokes, and to star Paula Patton. In May 2020, Stokes' new musical series "Howard High", starring Marques Houston debuts on subscription-based platform UrbanflixTV.

In 2020, BET+ acquired Trigger, directed by Stokes. It is set to be released this summer as a BET Original on their streaming platform. That same year, the company released Always and Forever, directed by Stokes and starring Lauren London, Cynthia Addai-Robinson, Deborah Ayorinde, Rocsi Diaz, Wood Harris and Loretta Devine. In September 2020, BET+ launched Sacrifice into a television series, ordering 10 episodes to be written, directed, and produced by Stokes.

Stokes announced in 2021 that Footage Films was greenlit to produce a new series, Foster Law, for the Black streaming network UrbanFlix. In 2023, Stokes released the third installment of The Stepmother, marking the first three-movie franchise in Tubi's history. Each film follows Elizabeth Carter (Erica Mena)'s escapades to find the perfect family and stars recurring Stokes cast members, including Houston. Tubi then released four new original Black cinema thrillers by Stokes in 2023: The Assistant, Best Friend, You’re Not Alone and No Way Out.

Sexual assault allegations
In December 2007, Stokes was accused of sexual assault by his cousin, B2K member DeMario "Raz-B" Thornton, alleged to have happened while Stokes was managing the group and Thornton was eleven or twelve years old. B2K group member Omarion defended Stokes, calling the allegations untrue. Stokes denied any wrongdoing, calling the accusation "ridiculous" and saying "all the allegations they made are false." The following day, Thornton retracted the allegation and apologized to Stokes, though Thornton's brother Ricardo implied the retraction was coerced and that Thornton will "come back around."

In July 2008, Vibe magazine published an article in which singer Quindon Tarver, once signed to Stokes' TUG label, alleged he had been sexually abused by Stokes for four years, beginning at age twelve. Stokes called the accusations from both Thornton and Tarver "a cry for attention" and denied the allegations.

title: Chris Stokes (filmmaker)


text:
John 20:8

John 20:8 is the eighth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. Peter and the Beloved Disciple are examining Jesus's empty tomb. Peter has been inside the tomb since John 20:6, while the Beloved Disciple had been examining it from outside. In this verse the Beloved Disciple enters the tomb.

Content
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:
 * Then went in also that
 * other disciple, which
 * came first to the sepulchre,
 * and he saw, and believed.

The English Standard Version translates the passage as:
 * Then the other disciple,
 * who had reached the tomb first,
 * also went in,
 * and he saw and believed

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub John 20:8

Analysis
The central debate over this verse is what exactly the Beloved Disciple believed. The earlier verses mention only Jesus' grave clothes as being in the tomb. The debate is whether the Beloved Disciple could have come to believe in the resurrection based on such minimal evidence. If he did suddenly understand what had happened, why did he not share this understanding with Peter, or with Mary Magdalene who is also believed to be present? Why, after this revelation, does the Beloved Disciple simply leave to go home in John 20:10? A long line of scholars including Saint Augustine have thus argued that the Beloved Disciple simply came to believe Mary Magdalene's story that the body was gone.

The majority of scholars believe that this passage indicates the Beloved Disciple became aware of the resurrection albeit with limited understanding. Calvin said, "it is a poor exposition which some people give of these words, that John believed what he heard Mary say namely, that Christ's body had been carried away; there is no passage in which the word 'believe' carries this meaning, especially when it is used simply and on its own". Leonard argues that the fact that the grave clothes were left carefully in place clearly indicated that the body had not been stolen, and instead showed that Jesus had been resurrected. Bultmann believes that Peter had already realized what had happened, and in this passage the Beloved Disciple merely joins Peter in this understanding. Bruce disagrees, arguing the scripture implies that Peter remained ignorant. Luke 24:12 has Peter leaving the scene "wondering what had happened". Most scholars who read the verse as indicating that the Beloved Disciple understood the resurrection believe that he was the first person to reach this understanding.

Schnackenberg takes a third approach. He argues that this passage does intend to report that Beloved Disciple understood the resurrection, but that the verse was a later addition to the text. This theory would explain why the verse does not mesh well with the rest of the narrative. The realization of the Beloved Disciple, despite its seeming importance, is not again mentioned in the narrative.

John 20:9 further complicates this debate by stating that they remained ignorant, without clearly explaining who they are.

It is also possible that the verse is an error. Brown reports that the Codex Bezae has the passage reading that "he saw and did not believe", which seems logically more in keeping with the rest of the chapter.

Another issue is what this passage reveals about the architecture of Jesus's tomb. It seems to show that two grown men could enter with ease (unless the first exited before the second entered). This is somewhat unusual as tombs in this period were generally quite small. Passages such as John 20:11 also seem to describe a smaller tomb.

title: John 20:8