text:
Talk:Moorish Science Temple of America

Wallace Fard Muhammad
I'm not so sure that Wallace Fard Muhammad claimed to be a member, I've read otherwise. --Irishpunktom\talk July 5, 2005 15:37 (UTC)
 * I don't think he ever claimed to be a member, but it is usually thought that he was one. Paul B 18:14 5 july 2005 (UTC)
 * Wallace Fard Muhammad was never a member He is Independent of such a group. He hasn't followed any group before this and He never will He shouldn't be mentioned and He never claimed to be Noble Drew Alis reincarnation and surely this is a trick from the mischief makers to bring in falsehood to dilute the truth and make it cloudy. Don't listen to a word of what has been said here about Wallace Fard Muhammad.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.254.250.9 (talk) 22:53, 6 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The aforementioned statement is true. Wallace Fard Muhammad aka Wallace Dodd, never claimed to be Noble Drew Ali. He, according to my studies claimed to be the physical maninfestation of God, Allah, in the flesh. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad was a former member of the Moorish Science Temple, and later founded the Nation of Islam, heralding Wallace Muhammad as Allah in the Flesh. Neither Fard Muhammad nor Elijah Muhammad were ever members of this group. Elijah Muhammad said that he was quite aware of this group and even addressed them on several occasions but was never a member. We should take him on his word for his own account of his life and experiences. Why should we assume him a liar. It stands to reason that He and Fard may have been influenced by them to a degree, but that doesn't mean they were members at any time, and there is no evidence to support such claims. And to use that image-processed picture of Elijah wearing the fez is nothing but a cheap trick; hardly evidence at all. Peace!Hotep  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.58.133.62 (talk) 08:40, 28 September 2008 (UTC)
 * The sentence concerning Wallace Fard Muhammad comes from several sources and has 2 citations. I myself only know what I read.  Mr. Harman (talk) 03:09, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

Fact check?
When was he born? Other references I've seen say January 8th, not January 6th:
 * http://www.geocities.com/spirit_of_blackness/nobel_drew_ali.htm

or
 * http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Woods/4623/moors.htm

Symmetric 23:33, 8 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Geocities was depreciated years ago by Yahoo. I didn't know it was around when you posted this comment, but it is not a reliable source. It was a network where anyone with a Yahoo account could post a webpage.  Self-published sources are not reliable.  Anyone can edit Wikipedia, but the difference is that Wikipedia content must be supported by reliable sources.--Truthtests (talk) 20:59, 27 January 2020 (UTC)

- I don't know how to post, so I am editing this to post, everything before edit remained as it was. We have to remember we are dealing with a Euro-centric resource of 'information'. Fact is opinion and opinion is fact. Look at the language that is used in this article; the malevolent intention can be clearly seen.

"A primary tenet was the belief that there was a Negroid-looking population of aboriginal paleo-Americans that existed prior to the transatlantic slave trade that was subsequently confused with African people."

"he labeled all whites as European."

Free White Persons: “Free White Persons” referred to in Naturalization Act, as amended by Act July 14, 1870, has meaning naturally given to it when first used in 1 Stat. 103, c 3, meaning all persons belonging to the European races then commonly counted as white, and their descendants, including such descendants in other countries to which they have emigrated. Free White Persons includes all European Jews, more or less intermixed with peoples of Celtic, Scandinavian, Teutonic, Iberian, Latin, Greek, and Slavic descent. It includes Magyars, Lapps, and Finns, and the Basques and Albanians. It includes the mixed Latin, Celtic-Iberian, and Moorish inhabitants of Spain and Portugal, the mixed Greek, Latin, Phoenician, and North African inhabitants of Sicily, and the mixed Slav and Tarter inhabitants of South Russia. Free White People does not mean Caucasian race, Aryan race, or Indo-European races, nor the mixed Indo-European, Dravidian, Semitic and Mongolian peoples who inhabit Persia. A Syrian of Asiatic birth and descent will not be entitled to become a naturalized citizen of the United States as being a free white person. Ex parte Shahid, D.C.Or., 6 F.2d 919, 921; Ex parte Dow, D.C.S.C., 211 F. 486, 487; In re En Sk Song, D.C.Cal., 271 F. 23. Nor a native-born Filipino. U. S. v. Javier, 22 F.2nd 879, 880, 57 App.D.C. 303. Nor a native of India who belonged to Hindu race. Kharaiti Ram Samras v. United States, C.C.A.Cal., 125 F.2nd 879, 881.

A following quote from Federal Directive 15 Race and Ethnicity that this fraud is based partly upon.

"This Directive provides standard classifications for record keeping, collection, and presentation of data on race and ethnicity in Federal program administrative reporting and statistical activities. These classifications should not be interpreted as being scientific or anthropological in nature, nor should they be viewed as determinants of eligibility for participation in any Federal program."

You talking about facts, but your entire opinion is based upon federal classifications.

FRAUDS.

"reliable source" means approved by academic frauds. None of these frauds can show a treaty where as an equal freely agreeing party (threat and duress principle) did we call ourselves black, negro, colored, african american, etc. Nor can they cite anything else.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by RetroactiveFrauds (talk • contribs) 01:24, 29 March 2012 (UTC)

Problems
There is absolutely no mention of the various controversies related to Moorish Science. In particular the fraudulent money schemes such as "redemption theory" that have landed "Moors" in jail. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.52.215.28 (talk) 20:39, 14 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes, there is quite a bit that can be added about the Moors from Drew's death to the present. Mr. Harman (talk) 03:11, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

Questions
Respectfully, my two questions, one why is this group discussed in the past tense when they still exist? Not only do they have a temple in Albany NY but about 7 years ago I met a woman who was a Moor. Signs with Noble Drew Ali on them were carried at the Million Man March in the 1990s. Should there not be at least some reference to this organization today? The entry makes it look like the organization no longer exists. (Note, I am not qualified to discuss this but wish to learn.)

Secondly, why are they not mentioned under African-American religions on the index? Thank you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.110.133.104 (talk • contribs) (00:32, 5 June 2008)

 * It's added to the list in the article Afro-American religions.--Parkwells (talk) 19:36, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

This group is heavily active in the Michigan Prison system.99.180.72.142 (talk) 19:10, 9 January 2009 (UTC)Officer

How do I receive the literature I am very interested and have followed before. Quisha0074 (talk) 21:13, 11 October 2016 (UTC)

Article needs significant editing
The article needs some significant editing to clear up NPOV issues, weasel words, generally poor grammar, and lack of coherency. I, unfortunately, have no knowledge of the subject matter (I came here looking for information myself). I could make edits to improve the quality of the writing, but I would be guessing in a lot places, so I'd prefer it if someone with more background could take the first crack. Let me point out some of the problems:

Noble Drew Ali's Beginnings First, this section really isn't appropriate for an article on MSTA. While discussion of the founder is important, the specific details of his life history either belong in a separate article or should be removed. Compare to other Wikipedia article on religion, such as Islam or Latter Day Saint Movement.

Second, a number of weasel words, such as "apparently," "wonder," and "supposedly" appear here. These add POV and obscure the quality of the information. It's okay to state that such and such a source claims that something is true, but not to hedge about whether or not it is true.

Early History and The Death of Drew Ali These sections seems good--relevant information, well-sourced, and readable.

Succession and Schism POV language: "But the truth of the matter" and "The question that baffles the communities," Sentences that just don't make sense: "But neither the less there is no minutes of record to ever prove that E. Mealy El was removed." "In addition to the names also used Moorish Holy Temple of Science Moorish Temple of Science, and the Moorish Divine and National Movement." I have no idea what these mean (they are not grammatically correct sentences). Confusing section: "There has been just recently discovered ... proof to show the Central Authority of the Moorish Science Temple of America." How does this relate to the rest of the section? I don't understand exactly how a court case can determine leadership of a religion. Courts could make rulings about who possesses the rights to use certain names, copyrighted works, or images; or they can determine who has legal custody over an organization (in a business sense), but in a religious sense, the courts would have no jurisdiction. So this section needs to be clarified and better integrated.

The 1930s Chronologically this section is awkward, since the death of Drew Ali falls in this time frame. My guess is that the best solution is to move the Death of Drew Ali and the Schism information here. Also, it is better to characterize periods based upon relevant events, not based upon a decade.

El Rukn connection? No title should have a question mark in it--encyclopedias contain verified content, not questions. I think someone needs to examine the source documents more clearly to determine more specifically how the possible connection is currently perceived.

Practices The whole third paragraph doesn't belong here. It's discussing the history of various Splinter groups, not the practices of any of those groups. This information should either be moved elsewhere or deleted. My guess is that we don't actually need an exact accounting of every single split and splinter--again, compare to articles on other religious denominations. Major events deserve discussion; minor schisms provide too many details. The paragraph also ends with an extreme POV statement that needs to be removed.

Finally, I think this article would strongly benefit from a clearer explanation of what it is that MSTA actually teaches--an "Articles of Faith," "Summary of Doctrine," or other similar information, assuming such information is publicly available.

I'm going to check back here in a week or two and see if anyone else has been able to make any progress on these issues. I would really really prefer someone else with actual source material knowledge start undertaking these edits. As it is now, the page probably should have Warning tags (POV, Weasel Words, etc.). —Preceding unsigned comment added by Qwyrxian (talk • contribs) 02:26, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

[Lending Assistance with Edits] First, Happy New Year to you all and good morning! I have made edits and included additional external references to the introductory paragraph. Your review and feedback would be greatly appreciated. When I get more time I will take a look at the points raised above as they appear to require more time than I have right now to address.

I have secured a copy of the MSTA's Holy Koran (religious text) and need time to produce a "Summary of Doctrine" for review by this group. From having studied numerous religions, although a practicing Eckist recently, it seems that Noble Drew Ali was attempting to reconstitute what was believe to be an older, more holistic religion that was split into what we call separate religions now; hence the appearance of borrowing from multiple paths. Neser 07 (talk) 13:58, 16 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Thanks for coming to help. Unfortunately, some of what you added had to be removed.  Specifically,  all of this:

 * A recent article in the American Journal of Human Genetics which refutes the multiple migration theory may lend some credence to the Moorish Science Temple of America's claim / religious beliefs where it states in the abstract "[...] all Native American haplogroups, including haplogroup X, were part of a single founding population, thereby refuting multiple-migration models." It is well known that Paleo Americans do not phenotypically resemble American Indians and precede them in habitation of the Americas.  Although prognathic Moundbuilders are phenotypically similar to Paleo Americans, it does not generally appear that Adherents to the Moorish Science Temple of America ever refer to, or incorporate, or also self-identify as Paleo American or Mound Builder; which would better align scientifically with their religious belief system as a 'science' temple.

 * The problem is that all of that information, while interesting, is what Wikipedia calls original research. Nothing in either of those articles is related to the MSTA.  While it's very interesting that you're able to connect new research in genetics with the MSTA's beliefs, doing so is your own personal analysis, and cannot, as such, be added to a Wikipedia article.  If a reliable source makes that connection (i.e., the church itself, a scientific journal, etc.), then we can include that info here.  But we cannot present our own original analysis.

 * Similarly, there is no need for you to go through their Holy Koran and attempt to summarize it. Doing so would again count as original research.  In fact, any time you have primary sources, and you interpret what they mean or connect two or more sources together, you're very likely conducting original research.  Instead, what you can/should do, is look to secondary sources, most likely written by MSTA itself, that explain the teaching of the primary religious document, and then summarize what those teachings say.  Since the MSTA appears to be fractured, we may even need to include more than one interpretation so that we account for all of the factions.  But we cannot ourselves engage in the act of reading the original holy document and figuring out what it "really means".  Qwyrxian (talk) 01:22, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

[Response] I was awaiting to see what the review would be for the portion that you removed, as listed above, as I was not exactly certain whether it would fit directly within the context of this particular article.

Based on first-hand interviews with Sheiks at the MSTA, referring to them as "African-American" in this article is a big No-No. What can be done to amend this article as to comply with their religious beliefs and the Racial Hierarchy Code entry R1.01.052.004? Black is a different code: R3.01. And, it was a surprise to me that "African American" is not the same as "Black" in the hierarchy code either: R3.02.

When asked on what basis they claim R1.01.052.004, they often refer to UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and they appear to be pulling from [a/res/61/295] Article 2 mostly. Neser 07 (talk) 19:56, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

Factions
I removed the following from the article, and bring it here for discussion:

 * There are three major factions of the Moorish Science Temple.

Charles Kirkman-Bey became the head of what would eventually be the largest group, and which currently claims the name "Moorish Science Temple of America, Inc". Reportedly the largest faction, as of 1996 MSTA Inc. had 130 temples.[39] This faction of the Moorish Science Temple of America has been particularly successful in the prisons.[citation needed]

 * Another faction developed into the Reincarnated Temples, led by the Prophet’s former chauffeur, John Givens El, who thereafter called himself "Noble Drew Ali, Reincarnated". Givens El, and the brothers Richardson Dingle-El and Timothy Dingle El who succeeded him. Taught that the Prophethood of Noble Drew Ali remained intact. and passed on to them at the death of each before them. Similar to the succession of authority from father to son or grandson in Shia Isma’ili Islam.[citation needed] From the work of the Dingle El brothers came the splits of the Temple No. 13, and the creation of a faction headed in Baltimore, MD, called the Noble Order of Moorish Sufis [2] in Baltimore. Founded by the former Grand Mufti Sultan Rafi Sharif Bey on July 7, 1957, this group later led to the founding of the Moorish Orthodox Church and the Moorish League. The Order of the Resurrection with its Second Heaven Order of four degrees was co-written by Sheik Rafi Sharif Bey and Sheik Timothy Dingle El. This faction has since reportedly split into seven factions, and as of 1994 were represented by 30 affiliated temples.[40]

 * The third and smallest faction was lead by Bro. E. Mealy El as the Grand Sheik/Supreme Grand Sheik. This faction is still in existence, but with probably the fewest adherents out of the three; this group claims true lineage to the teachings of Noble Drew Ali, and has various followings by a few separate factions formerly held together by Sister D. Mealy El's step-grandson D. Bailey El (ex Grand Governor, now expelled for embezzlement). Succeeded by Sheiks in Chicago that Bailey El appointed prior to his official termination as Grand Governor and Sheik.That particular grand body headed by the Supreme Grand Council.

 * Currently headed by Grand Sheik and Chairman Emmanuel.Braswell Bey D.M., This group began with a few temples. But throughout the country the Prophet’s temples are re appearing throughout the US and abroad. Their quoted mission is to broadcast the prophet’s original authority to all 4 corners of the earth. In addition, are continuing the works of Noble Drew Ali. Temple #1, #7, #16, #21, #23, #24, #25, #33 and other study groups through out America and Abroad and they included in the States of Alabama, Maryland, Washington D.C., Virginia, Louisiana, New York, California, Ohio, Missouri. Illinois, Florida, New Jersey, Louisiana and Wisconsin. There are many inquires about the Original teachings of Noble Drew Ali. There are many inquires about the Original teachings of Noble Drew Ali. There are even acquires about the Moorish Divine movement in Africa, Europe and also in Canada and also islands of the off the coast of the Atlantic. The whole purpose of the Moorish Science Temple of America is the uplifting of Fallen Humanity.

First and foremost, none of this is referenced. Second, it is very problematic, especially with this subject, to start talking about the very schisms in the absence of reliable information. The opportunity exists for flagrantly POV edits promoting one "faction" over another. This has to stay out until it can be accurately sourced. ---  RepublicanJacobite  The'FortyFive' 00:06, 4 July 2009 (UTC)

Alt URL for FBI documents
http://wayback.archive.org/web/20040315000000*/http://foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/moortemp.htm

WhisperToMe (talk) 05:38, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

Negligence
The Moorish Science Temple of America, in its contemporary incarnation, is perhaps best known for its prison gangs that operate under the guise of religion. This article wholly elides this aspect of the Moorish Science Temple of America and is thus akin to an article that describes the tail of elephant without reference to the remainder of the mammoth beast. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.42.69.190 (talk) 18:33, 5 February 2012 (UTC)
 * If you can find references in Reliable Sources that support this assertion, please use them in the article. Thanks, Mr. Harman (talk) 02:39, 28 March 2012 (UTC)
 * It is worth mentioning, yes. However, it is clearly not the intention of the religious group. None of the teachings support this. Very similar can be said for prison gangs that operate under the guise of Islam or Christianity. What should be mentioned is that this religious group, like any other religious group that free men follow, is open to exploitation. I reject your notion that part of the group turns it into a "mammoth beast". Early movements like this one (which dates back to the 19th century) is what started many of the movements that led to the shift in attitudes towards African-Americans in the mid 20th century. (110.33.252.92 (talk) 14:43, 28 March 2012 (UTC))

Reversion of recent (March 26/27) work
Sheik Way-El:

I have reverted (removed) your recent edits to Moorish Science Temple of America. Why? Well, They violate a number of rules here at Wikipedia. In this instance, your recent edits are at odds with these particular rules:

 * Reliable Sources. Unfortunately, your own self-published book is not considered a "reliable source".  This is not to say that the information in your book is not reliable or correct, but rather it means that your book does not qualify as a reference here at Wikipedia because it was self-published.

 * Neutral Point of View. Your recent material attempts to prove a number of points (e.g. African-Americans are really Moorish-Americans]].  We need to approach this subject without attempting to prove anything.  Just the facts, please.

 * Conflict of Interest. Because you are a member of and advocate for the Moorish Science Temple, you may be seen as having a conflict of interest.  To quote: "Adding material that appears to promote the interests or visibility of an article's author, . . . employer, associates, or their business or personal interests, places the author in a conflict of interest."

I would be happy to work with you on improving the Moorish Science Temple article, but we need to be scrupulously neutral and use "Reliable Sources".

P.S. I love the photo. Great shot.

Thanks, Mr. Harman (talk) 02:39, 28 March 2012 (UTC)

MOORISH SCIENCE TEMPLE OF AMERICA.

Greetings I have recently seen your response on why the article could not be edited on my behalf. The truth of the matter is, mines is the only public book out on the Prophet Noble Drew Ali and the Moorish Science Temple of America bearing an ISBN and in the public domain. It is one of the reasons that I wrote the book.

I believe it to be in part, a lack of reason, to let non sourced information stand, and let actual sourced information be allowed. For instance, it says in the opening section:

"A primary tenet was the belief that there was a Negroid-looking population of aboriginal paleo-Americans that existed prior to the transatlantic slave trade that was subsequently confused with African people. Although often criticised as lacking scientific merit, adherents of the Moorish Science Temple of America believe that the Negroid Asiatic was the first human inhabitant of the Western Hemisphere. In their religious texts, adherents refer to themselves as "Asiatics".[1] These adherents also call themselves "indigenous Moors", "American Moors" or "Moorish Americans" in contradistinction to "African Moors" or "African Americans"."

There are several things wrong with this section. 1) A primary tenet was the belief that there was a Negroid-looking population of aboriginal paleo-Americans that existed prior to the transatlantic slave trade that was subsequently confused with African people.

Explanation: First and foremost, this cannot be found anywhere in the teachings of the Moorish Science Temple of America as given by Noble Drew Ali. I can personally email you the information that I have, which is the actual documents that have been unchanged since 1927-1928 when they were released. Also, there is absolutely no source for this information and if I edited it, just to change that fact, wiki will remove my edit and ask me for a source, when there is no source given for this particular point and that is completely unfair.

2) Although often criticised as lacking scientific merit, adherents of the Moorish Science Temple of America believe that the Negroid Asiatic was the first human inhabitant of the Western Hemisphere. Explanation: Again, this completely lacks any merit and it was allowed to be posted without asking whomever placed it there for its source. This is not taught in the Moorish Science Temple of America whatsoever.

3) These adherents also call themselves "indigenous Moors", "American Moors" or "Moorish Americans" in contradistinction to "African Moors" or "African Americans"." Explanation: This is completely and utterly frivolous as the doctrine of the Moorish Science Temple of America makes no distinction between Moors. Completely erroneous.

There are so many falsified accounts within the article and it is very unfair that the public is allowed to see such a false representation of the truth. I have no problem editing the article in 3rd person. I even set up an alternate account and re-edited the article and still did not remain. You said that you would like to work with me well if there is anything that I can get to you from my end, so that we can have a 3rd party review my book, which is approved by the members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, then please let me know because this article is very misleading. Thank you in advance. Peace Sheik Way-El — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 04:59, 29 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi, Sheik Way-El. I can understand how it seems frustrating when you "know" something is true, and a WP article says something different. Unfortunately, Wikipedia articles must be based on what reliable sources say, and self-published books basically never meet our reliable sources guidelines. No third party review of your book will change the fact that, since it was self-published, it didn't have any sort of editorial oversight. In some cases, if the organization itself published something, we might be able to include that, but we would not, at the same time, remove what other, independent sources said. Another way of saying that is just because an organization makes a claim about itself, that doesn't necessarily mean we accept that claim as the "official" answer.
 * However, if there are specific things in the text that are currently unsourced, then we can certainly flag them and even remove them. I don't have time to look into all of the details right now, but I'll try to check your points above in the next few days, as well as check the article for unverified claims. Note that I've blocked the second account Sheik Way-El created, and explained to xyr why we don't allow multiple accounts Qwyrxian (talk) 07:21, 29 March 2012 (UTC)

Disputed
I have recently seen your response on why the article could not be edited on my behalf. The truth of the matter is, mines is the only public book out on the Prophet Noble Drew Ali and the Moorish Science Temple of America bearing an ISBN and in the public domain. It is one of the reasons that I wrote the book.

I believe it to be in part, a lack of reason, to let non sourced information stand, and let actual sourced information be allowed. For instance, it says in the opening section:

"A primary tenet was the belief that there was a Negroid-looking population of aboriginal paleo-Americans that existed prior to the transatlantic slave trade that was subsequently confused with African people. Although often criticised as lacking scientific merit, adherents of the Moorish Science Temple of America believe that the Negroid Asiatic was the first human inhabitant of the Western Hemisphere. In their religious texts, adherents refer to themselves as "Asiatics".[1] These adherents also call themselves "indigenous Moors", "American Moors" or "Moorish Americans" in contradistinction to "African Moors" or "African Americans"."

There are several things wrong with this section.

1) A primary tenet was the belief that there was a Negroid-looking population of aboriginal paleo-Americans that existed prior to the transatlantic slave trade that was subsequently confused with African people.

Explanation: First and foremost, this cannot be found anywhere in the teachings of the Moorish Science Temple of America as given by Noble Drew Ali. I can personally email you the information that I have, which is the actual documents that have been unchanged since 1927-1928 when they were released. Also, there is absolutely no source for this information and if I edited it, just to change that fact, wiki will remove my edit and ask me for a source, when there is no source given for this particular point and that is completely unfair.

2) Although often criticised as lacking scientific merit, adherents of the Moorish Science Temple of America believe that the Negroid Asiatic was the first human inhabitant of the Western Hemisphere.

Explanation: Again, this completely lacks any merit and it was allowed to be posted without asking whomever placed it there for its source. This is not taught in the Moorish Science Temple of America whatsoever.

3) These adherents also call themselves "indigenous Moors", "American Moors" or "Moorish Americans" in contradistinction to "African Moors" or "African Americans"."

Explanation: This is completely and utterly frivolous as the doctrine of the Moorish Science Temple of America makes no distinction between Moors. Completely erroneous.

There are so many falsified accounts within the article and it is very unfair that the public is allowed to see such a false representation of the truth. I have no problem editing the article in 3rd person. I even set up an alternate account and re-edited the article and still did not remain. You said that you would like to work with me well if there is anything that I can get to you from my end, so that we can have a 3rd party review my book, which is approved by the members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, then please let me know because this article is very misleading.

Thank you in advance. Peace Sheik Way-El — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 04:34, 29 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Sheik, you raise some excellent points. I have attempted to copyedit the opening paragraphs to remove some of this rather strange and un-referenced material.  Please let me know what you think.  (Sorry for the slow response)  Mr. Harman (talk) 12:28, 31 March 2012 (UTC)

Greetings. Yes, at least that portion is much better because it opened up peoples opinions to a falsity about the man in his movement. I would love to find out other ways to work with you on this article particularly in this troubling time when a people are still being persecuted for what they think they are. Peace. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 01:07, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Glad to hear from you. Yes, I would love to improve this article.  I did a lot of work on it maybe 3 years ago, but there's a lot more needed, including more history from the 1930s and later and more on the essence/practices/beliefs of the MST -- that is to say that the article focuses primarily and almost exclusively on the history.

 * The article is also in need of a thorough copyedit.

 * I was also thinking that we could use a modern-day photo of the Moors. That is, like the article, the photos focus on the 1920s.  Do you have a recent/current photo or photos you can upload?  Maybe it's a photo of a temple service, or just one Moor.

 * The article presently gives the (incorrect) impression that the MST "was" instead of "is", something that I think needs fixing.

 * Anyway, thanks for your suggestions. Anything further?  Mr. Harman (talk) 19:55, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Not having heard from you in the past month, I thought I would removed the "disputed" tag. You are, of course, welcome to re-insert this if you dispute some of the material.  If you do re-insert, let me know what you're disputing and we can try to fix it.  Thanks, Mr. Harman (talk) 20:01, 7 May 2012 (UTC)

Three different official websites?
Perhaps two of them are illegitimate and should not be presented in this way, if at all? __meco (talk) 07:21, 30 June 2012 (UTC)

 * It says directly in the article:
 * "...the governors of the Moorish Science Temple of America declared Charles Kirkman Bey to be the successor to Drew Ali and named him Grand Advisor.[27] With the support of several temples each, Mealy El and Givens El both went on to lead separate factions of the Moorish Science Temple. All three factions (Kirkman Bey, Mealy El, and Givens El) are active today."
 * -- AnonMoos (talk) 09:16, 30 June 2012 (UTC)

where did he get his surname Ali from?
When and where did Timothy Drew get the surname Ali from? Is he connecting himself and his movement to Ali, Prophet Muhammad's nephew? As a religious leader this would be an important point to raise. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.146.152.102 (talk) 01:41, 15 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I myself do not know and my research has not given me any insight. Sorry, Mr. Harman (talk) 17:48, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

No one will correct the misinformation.
It saddens me to come to this particular wikipage and see the blatant misinformation. It is as if a 3rd party can publish what they want and present it is as research and it is accepted by wiki. It is like the wikipage on the Moors of Spain. There no main pictures of Moors on that page and gives the reader the illusion that the Moors were Arabians as they are called now and this is just furthest from the truth. This page is so full of misinformation. We have the actual records of the Moorish Science Temple of America and we cannot edit the page even if we have books out which is absurd because there are those who have a vested interest with keeping this page shown just the way it is. The information about the El Rukn's alone, they have absolutely nothing to do with the Moorish Science Temple of America so it baffles me as to why this particle bit of information made it to this page, but nothing truthful at all. I guess we have to pool our resources and create our own online encyclopedia and present unbiased facts. This is unbelievable. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 02:47, 22 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Because, by definition, an encyclopedia must rely on reliable sources. And books published by the organization themselves almost never meet that criteria. Let me draw an extreme example: North Korea officially claimed that Kim Jong il has played golf exactly one time, and, when he played, he shot 18 consecutive hole in ones. Now, do we report on this as fact? Of course not. Now, I'm not saying the MSTA books are necessarily wrong, but they are undoubtedly biased. As such, we need independent, third party sources. If you have some, we'd be happy to include them. Qwyrxian (talk) 03:13, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Sheik Way-El -- In English, "Moor" was a vague and loose term which could encompass all the inhabitants of Muslim North Africa... AnonMoos (talk) 05:28, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

That maybe the case but that does not change the fact that the original people called Moors are what are falsely called Africans today. We know for a fact, based on dozens of contemporaneous documentations cited in several works on the subject, that Moor strictly meant those called black or African today and then, because of the popularity of these Moors in Spain, the name became a synonym for Moslem. Anouar Majid, who wrote the book [ http://www.amazon.com/Are-All-Moors-Centuries-Minorities/dp/0816660808 We Are All Moors: Ending Centuries of Crusades against Muslims and Other Minorities], also elucidates this fact. Those people came to be known as Moors but in its original representation, a Moor was someone who is falsely considered a black person today and that is what we of the Moorish Science Temple of America represent, what our forefathers were, we are today. Because other people adopted the name, means absolutely nothing, in the English or any other language. --Sheik Way-El 22:23, 28 December 2015 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs)

Undue Weight
I removed the rather extensive recapitulation of the article in Journal of Race Ethnicity and Religion for several reasons related to Reliable sources and undue weight. First, I can find no references pointing to the author as an authority on the matter of Timothy Drew's history. Second, the Journal of Race Ethnicity and Religion is a new online-only Journal and is, as well, hardly an authoritative source. Third, whole paragraphs were added to article -- way too much. I did insert one sentence describing the article and leading interested readers to the article itself. However, the article is too new and too speculative to devote so much space in the article, which is about the Moorish Science Temple, to this article's finding. Thanks, Mr. Harman (talk) 21:48, 19 February 2015 (UTC)

Recent edits I reverted
Some of the citation needed tags were probably legitimate, many were set next to citations. We don't write "so-called blacks", etc. Ironically unsourced material was added at the same time as the citation needed tags. We can use sources other than the official texts of the Temple. Doug Weller (talk) 16:32, 13 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Or rather Temples, not sure if the texts vary between them. Doug Weller (talk) 16:34, 13 December 2015 (UTC)
 * I hadn't noticed the edit summaries of people reverting this editor in the past nor the discussions above, but they put forward policy and guideline based arugments. Doug Weller (talk) 16:46, 13 December 2015 (UTC)

Objective, Bias, and offensive information within this article.
Greetings. Last night, as I sat and read this page, I immediately began to edit many NON-REFERENCED bits of information. I have tried to edit this page in the past and many others pertaining to the Moors (see the Almoravids thread to this same editor/overseer). I would post and would give reasons why a citation was needed. For instance, Noble Drew Ali NEVER referenced himself as Timothy Drew, he referenced himself as Noble Drew Ali. Not only did he and the membership reference him by this name, the public and the media also referenced him by this name. Proof can be shown in the following newspaper article along with MANY others and yet, this Wikipedia article constantly refers to him as "Timothy Drew" and "Drew." This was not the case when this page was first established. Someone was allowed to come onto this page and edit and now, no one can change it. I find that quite odd.

The use of the name is inconsistent in the article. In some portions he is referenced as Timothy Drew. In others, he is referenced as Drew, and yet still, he is referenced as Noble Drew Ali. There are things within the article that have absolutely NO merit and cannot be found in the organizations religious text or literature. I will list just a few of them here:

 * "...and in religious texts, adherents refer to themselves racially as "Asiatics"."

This can be found nowhere in the religious texts of the M.S.T of A. Please cite your citation.

 * "Traditionally, it was believed that Timothy Drew was born on January 8, 1886 in North Carolina, USA."

This is not guess work or belief, this is from the man himself and his birthday celebrations were reported in the Chicago Defender which can be evinced below:

Poor scholastic methodology was used in this article. Let us continue...

 * "Drew reported that during his travels, he met with a high priest of Egyptian magic. In one version of Drew's biography, the leader saw him as a reincarnation of the founder, while in others, the priest considered Drew a reincarnation of Jesus, the Buddha, Muhammad and other religious prophets. According to the biography, the high priest trained Drew in mysticism and gave him a "lost section" of the Quran."

Who did "Drew" report this to? This can be found NOWHERE in the teachings, literature or oral sayings of Prophet Noble Drew Ali which can be read here

 * "This text came to be known as the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America (which is not to be confused with the Islamic Quran)."

This view was obviously inserted by one who holds OBJECTIVE VIEWS to the prophethood of Noble Drew Ali who stated in the M.S.T. of A's religious text that "The fallen sons and daughters of the Asiatic Nation of North America need to learn to love instead of hate; and to know their higher self and lower self. This is the uniting of the Holy Koran of Mecca, for teaching and instructing all Moorish Americans, etc." The full text can be read here.

In this, Noble Drew Ali claimed to UNITE the text as oppose to replace it as this wikipedia article suggests. What this also suggest is that Noble Drew Ali did not bring any Islamic teachings and this too is blatantly false.

 * "Drew took parts of his book from the Rosicrucian work, Unto Thee I Grant, and most of it from The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ, published in 1908 by esoteric Ohio preacher Levi Dowling."

More poorly stated research with absolutely no citations to back it up. The Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America was compiled using these direct sources:

 * 1) Lost historical information about the true origins and identity of the Moorish Americans, being falsely called black people in the United States of America by the most Noble, Prophet, Drew Ali.
 * 2) 19 of the 182 chapters of The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ By Levi H. Dowling
 * 3) The Economy of Human Life, Complete in Two Parts, Translated from an INDIAN MANUSCRIPT written by an ANCIENT BRAHMIN. 1806 By Robert Dodsley, Philip Dormer Stanhope Earl of Chesterfield, John Hill (first published by Dodsley in 1745) [This text was copied by the Rosicrucian order in 1925 so the Wikipedia article is wrong. A link to this text can be found here ]
 * 4) Elegant Extracts: Or, Useful and Entertaining Passages in Prose: Selected for the Improvement of Young Persons: Being similar in Design to ELEGANT EXTRACTS in POETRY. Published in London, 1790. Author unknown. A link to this text can be found here.

Again, this wiki article is poorly sourced and offensive to members of the organization.

 * "Drew claimed to have been anointed Noble Drew Ali, the Prophet."

Anointed by who? Citation needed and yet, my edit for a citation needed was removed by this editor. It seems completely bias and it appears as if this article is trying to shed a false light on the organization and its founder by letting anyone come and make non-sourced claims, and not taking into consideration other sources which counter the claims of the books cited in the article.

 * "Moorish-Americans drink alcohol and eat pork."

This is an absolute, and blatant lie and obviously said by an opponent to the organization. No citation was given and yet, this was allowed to be posted on this cite by apparent opponents of the organization. This is false light and slander as Prophet Noble Drew Ali urged members not to eat any meat accept fish. Prophet Noble Drew Ali expressly FORBADE the drinking of alcohol. If such is not changed within this article, we will in fact begin the process of suing wikipedia for allowing these types of statements to stand unchallenged with absolutely no proofs to back them up.

"Drew believed that African Americans were all Moors who he claimed descended from the ancient Moabites (describing them as belonging to Northwest Africa as opposed to Moab as the name suggests)"

Prophet Noble Drew Ali's exact words were "The Moorish Americans are descendants of the ancient Moabites whom inhabited the Northwestern and Southwestern shores of Africa." (Act 6 of the organization's bylaws). He taught that the Moorish people, falsely called "black" people, TRAVELED FROM the ancient land of Canaan and INHABITED West Africa (Ch. 47 v. 6). You can read the full text here. The wording of this article makes it appear as if Noble Drew Ali made up this claim as if people have not migrated since the beginning of recorded history. Not only have peoples migrated, the places they settle, are usually named after the people themselves like the name Mauritania.

I can keep going and going with the blatant misinformation within this article. If these things are not changed, if you cannot find citations for slanderous statements like "Moorish-Americans drink alcohol and eat pork.", we will be suing this platform for false light as this article makes those interested in our organization not want to join. You have 72 hours to bring your citations or we will commence with a lawsuit in the appropriate venue. Peace. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 19:28, 2015 December 13 (UTC)

 * Ignoring the obvious nonsense and the legal threat which has led to the editor being blocked, some of the complaints may have merit but thi article is low on my priority list. Doug Weller (talk) 20:27, 13 December 2015 (UTC)

Welcome to Sheik Way-El
I'm assuming that User:Sheik Way-El is the Supreme Grand Sheikh of the Moorish Science Temple of America at http://moorishsciencetemple.org/. Some of his points I agree with and I've revised the section on how the Koran was constructed with an academic source. I've given him information about conflict of interest and hope he will follow them and of course our other policies and guidelines, eg WP:VERIFY, WP:RS and WP:NPOV. We can of course present the faith's views, but we can't present them as factual, or use terms such as "so-called". There's a plethora of academic sources for this religion.

We don't seem to have much on the three factions, Kirkman Bey, Mealy El, and Givens El nor is it clear which website represents which faction/sect. However it appears that moorishsciencetemple.org relates to Mealy El.

I've added a category for Islamic organizations based in the United States. Doug Weller (talk) 16:03, 14 December 2015 (UTC)

Greetings Doug. We just want the information to be correct. For instance, where it states:

"Chapters 20 through 45 are from the Rosicrucian work, Unto Thee I Grant and are instructions on how to live, education, and the duties of Moorish Americans."

This was thought to be the source for many years until more diligent research proved that this was not the case, As cited in my comment above, there are 3 other sources besides the words of Prophet Noble Drew Ali himself used to complete the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America, also called the Circle 7 Koran. The specific one in question was ALSO adopted by the Rosicrucian order in 1925 but it predates that order by hundreds of years. I give all of the references in the above comment. Please consider the sources and follow the links provided and you can vet the information for yourself.

We do not want to fight you on this, but we have to, this is our livelihood at stake here. Peace. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 09:36, 24 December 2015 (UTC)

 * More sources on "Unto thee I grant"., more background here and more specific details here. eg "Ramatherio’s “revision" of 1925, with its mention of Egyptian monotheism, is probably the version seen and appropriated by Noble Drew Ali in 1927. However, the Circle Seven Koran does not agree in every respect with the text of the 1986 AMORC edition (which is apparently the second prindng of the thirty-second edition, which was issued in 1979). Drew Ali’s version, aside from obvious changes made by him, contains sentences missing from the 1986 Unto Thee, including passages of a rather pessimistic or puritanical tone. “Be always prepared to give an account of thine action; and the best death is that which is least premeditated," appears as XLTV/23 in the Koran but is missing from the 1986 Unto Thee, for example. It would seem that someone has tried to “liberalize" the message. In other cases the differences are trifling or even baffling.

161 was alerted to this fact by a letter (July 5, 1989) from Clara Campbell, librarian of the Rosicrucian Research Library in San Jose, California. Subsequently M. A al-Ahari also discussed Unto Thee, stating his belief that the Rosicrucian edition (1925) was lifted from an earlier version of Infinite Wisdom, published in 1923 by Dc Lawrence Publishing Co. See letters, op. cit." but see p. 22 also. So we can mention that the Rosicrucian document isn't the original, but I'm not sure what the point would be. There doesn't seem to be any evidence that he used an earlier version. As for "Lost historical information about the true origins and identity of the Moorish Americans, being falsely called black people in the United States of America by the most Noble, Prophet, Drew Ali." we can't state that as a fact. Where can I see this sourced (other than a Facebook page that doesn't seem to be working). This isn't personal, I am not religious. 13:31, 24 December 2015 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Doug Weller (talk • contribs)

Sources before Unto Thee I grant and Lost Historical Information by Noble Drew Ali
Peace and Greetings.

On the point of "so-called," in reference to Moors being called "black" is simple. We can cite this as an OBSERVATIONAL FACT that there are no black, white, red, or yellow people on this whole orb called earth. Such names are sociopolitical constructs only. We do not need academia in this regard, we can use our own God-given eyes. If you don't like the term "God," any other superlative will suffice the same.

Now, to revise an article with an academic source should be policy for any venue such as this one HOWEVER, the problem comes in with vetting the sources used in the wikipedia articles themselves. Of course, such a task would be daunting but we cannot ignore other sources just because a few academic sources may have gotten it wrong-- so lets dig into this.

Doug, a Wikipedia editor says:

"Some of his points I agree with and I've revised the section on how the Koran was constructed with an academic source"

In the Wikipedia article it states:

"In The Aquarian Gospel from the Rosicrucian work, Unto Thee I Grant, and most of it from The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ, published in 1908 by esoteric Ohio preacher Levi Dowling."

This is unintelligible but our religion teaches us not to fault man for his mistakes, for he is not perfect and mistakes are apart of human life. In a previous talk article dated about two weeks back, I showed all four of the sources used to compile the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America which now has the nickname "Circle 7 Koran." I will list those sources again:

 * 1) Lost historical information about the true origins and identity of the Moorish Americans, being falsely called black people in the United States of America by the most Noble, Prophet, Drew Ali.
 * 2) 19 of the 182 chapters of The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ By Levi H. Dowling
 * 3) The Economy of Human Life, Complete in Two Parts, Translated from an INDIAN MANUSCRIPT written by an ANCIENT BRAHMIN. 1806 By Robert Dodsley, Philip Dormer Stanhope Earl of Chesterfield, John Hill (first published by Dodsley in 1745) [This text was copied by the Rosicrucian order in 1925 so the Wikipedia article is wrong. A link to this text can be found here ]
 * 4) Elegant Extracts: Or, Useful and Entertaining Passages in Prose: Selected for the Improvement of Young Persons: Being similar in Design to ELEGANT EXTRACTS in POETRY. Published in London, 1790. Author unknown. A link to this text can be found here.

Our first focus is the mistaken belief that Prophet Noble Drew derived a portion of the book directly from the Rosicrucian works "Unto Thee I Grant." Academics have made mistakes and many of them have written their works years ago and platforms like Google Books, where literally thousands of old manuscripts can be found, were not readily available to them. With that said, if we have found the source that predates the Rosicrucian adoption of the text, why would these be allowed on the Wiki article and not the new discovery of the older text? The academics got it wrong. I will list the specific works again.

The Economy of Human Life, Complete in Two Parts, Translated from an INDIAN MANUSCRIPT written by an ANCIENT BRAHMIN. 1806 By Robert Dodsley, Philip Dormer Stanhope Earl of Chesterfield, John Hill (first published by Dodsley in 1745) [This text was copied by the Rosicrucian order in 1925 so the Wikipedia article is wrong. A link to this text can be found here ]

It would be best if Wikipedia stated, "At first, it was thought that a portion of Drew Ali's Koran was taken from the 1925 book Unto The I Grant however, it appears that this works was based on an ancient Brahmic manuscript, first published in 1745 and republished in 1806. That text can be found here ]"

This is very simple. It is not biased, it is fact. It doesn't matter if I am member or if I am a Grand Sheik of the organization or not when facts are presented in a proper methodological manner and it balances the article as opposed to slants it. What greater source can be used than the actual original text where all other texts derived from? Noble Drew Ali never said that he copied the works from the Rosicrucian order so this is merely guess work by the academics. In this, we can confidently conclude that the Rosicrucian order was not the originators themselves, a claim already admitted to by the order in the previous comment section.

Doug stated: "As for "Lost historical information about the true origins and identity of the Moorish Americans, being falsely called black people in the United States of America by the most Noble, Prophet, Drew Ali." we can't state that as a fact. Where can I see this sourced (other than a Facebook page that doesn't seem to be working). This isn't personal, I am not religious."

That is appropriate so let us delve into this tersely. In Chapter 47 of our Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Prophet Noble Drew Ali states the following:

9. According to all true and divine records of the human race there is no negro, black, or colored race attached to the human family, because all the inhabitants of Africa were and are of the human race, descendants of the ancient Canaanite nation from the holy land of Canaan. 10. What your ancient forefathers were, you are today without doubt or contradiction. 11. There is no one who is able to change man from the descendant nature of his forefathers; unless his power extends beyond the great universal Creator Allah Himself. [The full text can be read here.

There is your first source. Another source, the Divine Constitution and Bylaws of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Prophet Noble Drew Ali declares:

Act 6. With us all members must proclaim their nationality and we are teaching our people their nationality and their divine creed that they may know that they are a part and a partial of this said government, and know that they are not Negroes, Colored Folks, Black People, or Ethiopians, because these names were given to slaves by slave holders in 1779 and lasted until 1865 during the time of slavery, but this is a new era of time now, and all men now must proclaim their free national name to be recognized by the government in which they live and the nations of the earth, this is the reason why Allah the great God of the universe ordained Noble Drew Ali, the Prophet to redeem his people from their sinful ways. The Moorish Americans are the descendants of the ancient Moabites who inhabited the North Western and South Western shores of Africa. [Read the full text here.]

In the same Act, Prophet Noble Drew Ali declares "The Moorish Americans are the descendants of the ancient Moabites who inhabited the North Western and South Western shores of Africa." In Ch. 45 of the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Prophet Noble Drew Ali states, "2. The key of civilization was and is in the hands of the Asiatic nations. The Moorish, who were ancient Moabites, and the founders of the Holy City of Mecca."

If this is not satisfactory proofs, coming directly from the source, then, do we have to wait for an academic to publish these exact words in their books in order for them to be accepted? And, because a member of any organization points these things out (pertaining to their specific text), should they not be considered ESPECIALLY if they are merely direct quotes as opposed to that member's own opinion if the question is asked "Where did he teach that at"?

And again, what about the name Timothy Drew? A name that the man never used himself. It is only the name on a death certificate but even in that, how do we know his name was Timothy? There are no census records of his birth citing the name Timothy nor, do we find any comparable orthography by the man himself signing Timothy to compare with Noble Drew Ali, the name he did sign and that was publicly recognized by the Chicago newspapers of that day as I have shown just a few comments up. We just want the article to reflect the facts. Many people have written many things about our organization and its founder but most of it was polemical and we can, right in this Talk section, go line for line with proofs, if we must.

And what about the actual historical doctrine of the Moorish Science Temple of America as opposed to its religious theology and philosophy? In every academic text, we find one uniformity and that is "Ali-Drew Ali-Drew, took most of his teachings from the Aquarian Gospel and the Rosicrucian works Unto Thee I Grant." Richard Brent Turner went so far as to call the teachings "Theosophical lore" that had very little "historical value." This taints the pool (fallacy) and takes emphasis off of the historical teachings all because an "academic" said so. However, we have uncovered all but a few of the historical teachings of Prophet Noble Drew Ali pertaining to the Moors, Canaanites, Moabites, Cushites, Amorites, Hittites, Hamathites, etc. Why isn't there a section on this page about our teachings but we can go to other pages of what are considered "cults" and find very broad outlines to their teachings? We have a plethora of academic sources to back up our historical teachings and if Doug or any other Wiki editor would like to do a skype session in the upcoming days so that ONE OF YOU can add the section, then we can surely find the time to make that happen.

We look forward to having a dialog on this page so that we can get this article represented in full. If we are going to cite one source, we should also allow room for alternative sources that may counter that view. The same thing can be said on the Moors page on Wikipedia where the book The Golden Age of the Moors by Ivan Van Sertima is the premier book on that subject, compiling over 400 sources and references from 15 different accredited scholars and yet, we find no references to it on that Wiki page.Sheik Way-El 00:03, 25 December 2015 (UTC)--Sheik Way-El 00:03, 25 December 2015 (UTC)

Peace — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheik Way-El (talk • contribs) 23:24, 24 December 2015 (UTC)

No change in the name Timothy Drew. Why? NPOV issues.
Again, Noble Drew Ali NEVER used the name Timothy Drew. There is not ONE academic source that shows this. This name was used ONCE and that was posthumously on a death certificate. Nowhere do we find any usage of this name by Noble Drew Ali himself. There are no birth records. When you go to the Nation of Islam website, you will see that Elijah Muhammad is mentioned as Elijah Muhammad and not Elijah Poole, his birth name. This article has SERIOUS NPOV issues.--Sheik Way-El 00:55, 29 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Interesting issue. I'm a bit surprised that you say he never used the name, as your book clearly says he was born with that name and it's hard to imagine he never used it as a child. It would be more accurate to suggest that when he became known publicly he was no longer using that name, but of course we'd need a source. If we can find that we should use it. Anyway, you are right and I've noticed the inconsistent use of his name. I think I've fixed it - I've left Timothy Drew in a couple of places as it seems to make sense there. We should only use 'Noble' once. Doug Weller  talk 13:55, 29 December 2015 (UTC)

My book was published in 2011, it is now 2016 and a second edition of the book with updated information will be published this year. Still, the fact remains, that he never used this name. You have no sources showing that he used this name. You have no birth records, etc. None of your academics whom you rely on show this either. We feel that the name should not be used to highlight the section but only referenced as a said name. This is a proper methodology.

Also, a section is needed to highlight the teachings of Prophet Noble Drew Ali in more depth.

 * What did Noble Drew Ali teach about the Canaanites, Moabites, Hittites, Amorites, Hamathites?

 * What did Noble Drew Ali teach regarding the American history and reconstruction era?

 * Why did Noble Drew Ali believe that we were enslaved between the years of 1774-1779?

 * Who did Noble Drew Ali consider Moslems?

 * What were Noble Drew Ali's teachings regarding Jesus and why did he consider Marcus Garvey a harbinger to himself in the same way that John the Baptist was a harbinger to Jesus?

 * What did Noble Drew Ali teach about Holy City of Mecca?

 * How are the teachings of the Nation of Islam similar to the Moorish Science Temple of America?

 * Did Noble Drew Ali make false prophecies? He did claim himself to be a "prophet" so what does this article use to reference this fact?

There are so many questions on the doctrine that needs to be answered. I guess we have to wait for biased and polemical academics to write their opinions on the issue no matter how wrong they are before we can add this section.

Peace --Sheik Way-El 01:20, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

Noble Drew Ali vs Drew Ali
Starting this section to record my findings on if Noble is a first name or an honorific. At the Moorish Science Temple Site they refer to him as Prophet Noble Drew Ali, Noble Drew Ali, and Prophet Drew Ali. The Prophet Drew Ali name makes me think that Noble is not a first name, as it seems odd to drop his first name, when Prophet is used.

Also, on his bio, he is referred to as: "The Most Noble, Prophet Drew Ali". With this in mind, I think it is safe to say that the term 'Noble' is an honorific. Martin Van Ballin' (talk) 20:31, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
 * See my talk page. My initial edits assuming "noble" is considered part of his name. Doug Weller  talk 05:51, 15 May 2016 (UTC)

 * FWIW Noble is not unknown as a personal forename—it strikes me as the sort of ‘aspirational‘ name that was popular among the Puritans—so it’s at least plausible it‘s not an honorific per se. The usages mentioned above aren’t entirely conclusive; they might be considered a form of word-play. Are there any sources describing the circumstances under which the name was adopted that might weigh pro or con? Does the group designate anyone else as Noble? I‘m not aware of any formal use in English; the European nobility (and most others) are given more specific titles, so there would seem to be little precedent, if any, for an honorific usage. Care should be taken not to give the appearance of passing judgment on the aptness of a pseudonym; we don‘t avoid calling Josef Djugashvili “Stalin”, despite his not having been made of steel. ;) —Odysseus 1 4 7  9  04:18, 16 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Funny, I'd forgotten that I had an uncle called Noble Miller. Doug Weller  talk 06:28, 16 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Good point User:Odysseus1479, based on that and the bit on Doug's talk page, I've added it back. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Martin Van Ballin' (talk • contribs) 07:09, 16 May 2016 (UTC)

Takeover of land in Charles County Maryland
Moorish Americans take over a rural gun range, sparking a strange showdown Doug Weller  talk 14:29, 28 December 2022 (UTC)

Split proposal
Moorish sovereign citizens are loosely connected to the actual organization, and that's where they got their start, but IMO they are as a group an independently notable subtype of sovereign citizen, and are kind of tangential to this article topic. I think a split off into its own article would be warranted and would improve this one. A lot of the things necessary to discuss Moorish sovereign citizens in depth drag this article away from its focal point (the organization). Though, any split would have to add quite a bit more content. PARAKANYAA (talk) 06:47, 30 January 2024 (UTC)

 * No one has disagreed. I will do it whenever I stop being lazy. PARAKANYAA (talk) 03:20, 28 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Split, but still need to collect more content on them. PLMMJ (talk) 03:10, 18 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Moorish Science Temple of America


text:
Karura

The Karura (迦楼羅) is a divine creature with a human torso and birdlike head in Japanese mythology.

The name is a transliteration of garuda, a race of enormously gigantic birds in Hinduism. the Japanese Buddhist version is based upon Hindu Mythology. The same creature may go by the name of lit. "gold-winged bird" (金翅鳥).

The karura is said to be enormous, fire-breathing, and to feed on dragons/serpents, just as Garuda is the bane of Nāgas. Only a dragon who possesses a Buddhist talisman, or one who has converted to the Buddhist teaching, can escape unharmed from the Karura. Shumisen or Mount Meru is said to be its habitat.

Karura is one of the proselytized and converted creatures recruited to form a guardian unit called the Hachibushū (八部衆).

One famous example is the Karura statue at Kōfuku-ji, Nara, amongst the eight deva statues presented at the Buddhābhiṣeka dated to the year Tenpyō 6 or 734, pictured top right). This karura is depicted as wearing Tang Chinese-style armor, and thus is seen wingless.

But more conventionally, the Karura is depicted as a winged being with human torso and avian head, as in the Vajra Hall (Kongō buin (金剛部院)) section of the Womb Realm mandala (Taizōkai mandara (胎蔵界曼荼羅)) and other iconographic books and scrolls. Karura ward is an electoral area within westlands, Nairobi City County.

In fine art

The karura (garuda) mask is one of the stock character masks worn by performers of the ancient Japanese courtly dance art of gigaku.

The flaming nimbus or halo is known by the name "karura flame" and typically seen adorning behind the statue of the Fudō-myōō (不動明王)).

The karura is also said to be the prototype of the depictions of the tengu or karasutengu.

In popular culture
The Pokémon evolutionary line of Magby, Magmar, and Magmortar are based on the karura.

In the anime Blue Exorcist Karura is a powerful fire demon that can be seen in service of the Myōō Dharani.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Karura


text:
User:Ta bu shi da yu/Types of animals

Types of animals

There are millions of differnt types of animals. A dog is "man's best freind." A cat can be all different colors (exept blue, red, purple ect.). There are cats that are pets and some that even live in the rainforest. Monkeys have long tails, excellent climbing skills, and are the animal that is the closest animal to humans. Bears are usually big. There are polar bears, grizzly bears, panda bears, and black bears. Some animals that live in the wild are deer, squirrels, chipmunks, snakes, moose, birds, and kangaroos (WOW!- you don't see those every day!). There are animals that live in the water, like dolphins, whales and seals. Animals come in all different shapes and sizes from mice to elephants, turtles to dinosaurs.

Alicia

title: User:Ta bu shi da yu/Types of animals


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Ellen Raskin

Ellen Raskin  (March 13, 1928 – August 8, 1984) was an American children's writer and illustrator. She won the 1979 Newbery Medal for The Westing Game, a mystery novel, and another children's mystery, Figgs & Phantoms, was a Newbery Honor Book in 1975.

In 2012 The Westing Game was ranked number nine all-time among children's novels in a survey published by School Library Journal, a monthly with a primarily-U.S. audience.

Life
Raskin was born in Milwaukee, where she grew up during the Great Depression. She was educated at the University of Wisconsin with a major in fine art.

Raskin was an accomplished graphic artist. She worked in New York City as a commercial artist for about 15 years. Among other things, she designed more than 1000 dust jackets for books, including the first edition of Madeleine L'Engle's A Wrinkle in Time, the 1963 Newbery Medal winner.

In 1957, she married graphic designer Roy Kuhlman, but they soon divorced. In 1960 she married Dennis Flanagan, editor of Scientific American.

Raskin died at the age of 56 on August 8, 1984, in New York City, as a result of a connective-tissue disease.

Education
At the age of 17, Raskin entered the University of Wisconsin with the intention of majoring in journalism. However, after visiting an art exhibit at the Art Institute of Chicago, she changed her major to fine arts.

Children's picture books
Raskin wrote and illustrated twelve picture books, published by Atheneum Books except as noted.
 * Nothing Ever Happens on My Block, 1967
 * Silly Songs and Sad, Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1967
 * Spectacles, 1968
 * Ghost in a Four-Room Apartment, 1969
 * And It Rained, 1969
 * A & The, or, William T. C. Baumgarten Comes to Town, 1970
 * The World's Greatest Freak Show, 1971
 * Franklin Stein, 1972
 * Moe Q. McGlutch, He Smoked Too Much, Parents, 1973
 * Who, Said Sue, Said Whoo?, 1973
 * Moose, Goose & Little Nobody, 1976
 * Twenty-Two, Twenty-Three, 1976

Children’s novels
Raskin wrote four novels, all published by E. P. Dutton.
 * The Mysterious Disappearance of Leon (I Mean Noel), 1971
 * Figgs & Phantoms, 1974
 * The Tattooed Potato and Other Clues, 1975
 * The Westing Game, 1978

As illustrator
Raskin also illustrated more than twenty books by other writers.
 * Happy Christmas: Tales for Boys and Girls, edited by Claire H. Bishop, Ungar, 1956.
 * The Bound Man and Other Stories, by Ilse Aichinger, transl. by Eric Mosbacher, New York: Noonday Press, 1956.
 * A Child's Christmas in Wales, by Dylan Thomas (1950); J. M. Dent, 1968.
 * Mama, I Wish I Was Snow, Child You'd Be Very Cold, by Ruth Krauss, Atheneum, 1962.
 * Philosophy and History. The Ernst Cassirer Festschrift, ed. Raymond Klibansky and H. J. Paton, 1963. (second edition)
 * Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, selected by Dwight MacDonald, Crowell, 1965.
 * We Dickinson's, by Aileen Fisher and Olive Rabe, Atheneum, 1965.
 * The Jewish Sabbath, by Molly Cone, Crowell, 1966.
 * Paths of Poetry: Twenty-Five Poets and Their Poems, ed. Louis Untermeyer, Delacorte, 1966.
 * Songs of Innocence (Volumes 1 & 2), by William Blake (1789, 1794), music and illustrations by Ellen Raskin, Doubleday, 1966.
 * D. H. Lawrence: Poems Selected for Young People, ed. William Cole, Viking, 1967.
 * Ellen Grae, by Vera and Bill Cleaver, Lippincott, 1967.
 * Poems of Robert Herrick, ed. Winfield T. Scott, Crowell, 1967.
 * Probability: The Science of Chance, by Arthur G. Razzell and K. G. O. Watts, Doubleday, 1967. ‡
 * This Is 4: the Idea of a Number, by Razzell and Watts, Doubleday, 1967. ‡
 * Books: A Book to Begin On, by Susan Bartlett, Holt, 1968.
 * Inatuk's Friend, by Suzanne Stark Morrow, Atlantic/Little, 1968.
 * A Paper Zoo: A Collection of Animal Poems by Modern American Poets, edited by Renee K. Weiss, Macmillan, 1968.
 * Piping Down the Valleys Wild: Poetry for the Young of All Ages, edited by Nancy Larrick, Delacorte, 1968.
 * Symmetry, by Razzell and Watts, Doubleday, 1968. ‡
 * We Alcotts, by Aileen Fisher and Olive Rabe, Atheneum, 1968.
 * Circles and Curves, by Razzell and Watts, Doubleday, 1969. ‡
 * Come Along!, by Rebecca Caudill, Holt, 1969.
 * Shrieks at Midnight: Macabre Poems, Eerie and Humorous, edited by Sara and John E. Brewton, Crowell, 1969.
 * Three and the Shape of Three, by Razzell and Watts, Doubleday, 1969. ‡
 * Elidor, by Alan Garner (1965), Walck, 1970.
 * Goblin Market, by Christina Rossetti (1862), Dutton, 1970.

 * ‡ Raskin illustrated at least five volumes in a series of 32- and 48-page mathematics books by Arthur C. Razzell and Kenneth George Oliver Watts, which was inaugurated by Doubleday in 1964.

title: Ellen Raskin


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Chuckie Egg

Chuckie Egg is a platform game released by A&F Software in 1983 initially for the ZX Spectrum, BBC Micro, and Dragon 32/64. It was ported to the Commodore 64, Acorn Electron, MSX, Tatung Einstein, Amstrad CPC, and Atari 8-bit computers. It was later updated for the Amiga, Atari ST, and IBM PC compatibles.

The game was written by Nigel Alderton, then 16 or 17 years old. After a month or two of development, Nigel took a pre-release version of his Spectrum code to the two-year-old software company A&F, co-founded by Doug Anderson and Mike Fitzgerald (the "A" and "F", respectively). Doug took on the simultaneous development of the BBC Micro version, whilst Mike Webb, an A&F employee, completed the Dragon port.

Levels are largely the same between versions, and all the 8-bit versions have been cited as classics.

Gameplay
As Hen-House Harry, the player must collect the twelve eggs positioned in each level, before a countdown timer reaches zero. In addition there are piles of seed which may be collected to increase points and stop the countdown timer for a while, but will otherwise be eaten by hens that patrol the level, causing them to pause. If the player touches a hen or falls through a gap in the bottom of the level, they lose a life. Each level is made of solid platforms, ladders, and occasionally lift platforms that move upwards and when they reach the top of the screen wrap around to the bottom. Hitting the top of the screen while on one of these lifts, however, will also cause the player to lose a life.

Eight levels are defined and are played initially under the watch of a giant caged duck. Upon completion of all eight the levels are played again without hens, but Harry is now pursued by the freed duck flying around the screen and homing in on him. A second completion of all eight levels yields a third play through with both hens and the duck. A fourth pass introduces additional hens. Finally, a fifth pass has the duck and additional hens moving at a greater speed. If the player completes all forty levels then they advance to 'level 41' which is in fact exactly the same as level 33.

The player starts with five lives, and an extra life is awarded every 10,000 points.

Reception
The original ZX Spectrum release peaked at number 12 in the multiple formats chart in late 1983. The following year the BBC version reached the top of the BBC charts for one week.

The Telegraph named the game one of the "best video game platformers ever", deeming that it had been a "revelation" when released, though it noted that the game would appear dated to a modern player. Ollie Toms of Rock, Paper, Shotgun praised the games' portrayal of the antagonist caged duck, finding that the progression of the game allowed for the player to characterise her effectively. The A-Z of Atari 8-bit Games gave the game a score of 7/10, praising its graphics while criticising its sound effects, and finding that the game had a "certain charm".

The Spectrum version of the game was later rated number 13 in the Your Sinclair Official Top 100 Games of All Time. In 1996, GamesMaster ranked Chuckie Egg 86th on their "Top 100 Games of All Time".

Legacy
Chuckie Egg was followed up, two years after its first release, with a sequel entitled Chuckie Egg 2. Available on a much smaller subset of platforms, this release changed genre quite radically and involved the player, as Harry again, working through a factory attempting to create Easter eggs complete with toy, in a Jet Set Willy-style adventure. Whilst the first game had each level on one single screen, the new version had levels covering multiple screens. Although the sequel has gained a small number of admirers, it never received the same attention as the original.

In 2017, a remake titled Super Chuckie Egg was released for mobile devices.

In October 2021, a VIC-20 port of Chuckie Egg was released by Reset64 magazine. This version requires a VIC-20 32k RAM expansion to work.

title: Chuckie Egg


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Mario Pilati

Mario Pilati (2 June 1903 – 10 December 1938) was an Italian composer.

Pilati was born in Naples, and his natural musical talent showed itself when he was very young. He entered the Conservatorio di Musica San Pietro a Majella at the age of fifteen, studying under Antonio Savasta. In 1925, on the advice of Ildebrando Pizzetti, he went to Milan, where he worked as a teacher, music critic and an arranger of vocal scores for Casa Ricordi until 1930, when he moved back to Naples to take up a professorship at the conservatory where he had been a student. In 1933 he accepted a post at the Palermo Conservatory, returning to Naples in 1938, where he became ill and died just before the outbreak of World War II.

Works
Pilati's output is considerable given his few years of compositional maturity, and includes a Concerto for Orchestra (1932), premiered by Dmitri Mitropoulos at the Venice Biennale in 1938, which shows modal influences of Respighi as well as a Mahlerian ländler in the finale. Other compositions include a Suite for Strings and Piano of 1925 and several chamber works. At his death he was working on an opera, Piedigrotta, to a libretto in Neapolitan dialect. Only the first act was completed.

His work continued to be popular for some time after his death, but gradually waned until its rediscovery in the 1950s, when his long-lost Sonata per flauto e pianoforte was published for the first time. In 2001 the Swiss conductor Adriano released a series of Pilati's orchestral works, including the Concerto for Orchestra, with the Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra and pianist Tomáš Nemec. on Marco Polo Records.

title: Mario Pilati


text: User talk:71.0.158.173

title: User talk:71.0.158.173


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Talk:List of U.S. states and territories by unemployment rate

Deletion
This page was voted on for deletion at Votes for deletion/List of U.S. states by unemployment rate. There was no consensus. dbenbenn | talk 19:11, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

The graphic is very old (2004). Can we update it? talk | talk 9:01, 9 Mar 2007 (UTC)
 * As a note on a similar subject, I've changed the map graphic to a new one, and changed the name to not make any reference to the date, so it may be updated simply by going to the Wikimedia Commons and replacing that map file whenever it should become obsolete... And don't forget to adjust the captions in every page that references the file, too, so it mentions the correct month. Nottheking (talk) 06:21, 19 February 2009 (UTC)

The graphic is, yet again, VERY old and very wrong. Why have one??Rachaella (talk) 23:44, 14 September 2011 (UTC)

Expand (sources or something)
Does anyone have any dates or sources, or any idea where these numbers are from? Some of these do not match the statistics I am familiar with. ./zro (⠠⠵) 13:45, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

 * I have reverted the article to the version that contained sources. Also, I am updating it to reflect the updated source. If the previous edits were intended for some reason, please explain here before reverting to un-sourced unexplained version. Thanks! ./zro (⠠⠵) 13:51, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

Given the format of the data here as of 2009-01-08 one can copy the body of the table (not the html) and run it through this ridiculous spagetti code as "rawData". It will output the body of the wikitable in an appropriate format.
 *  This is quick and rough, and a total noobish hack job, but i figure it might be useful for future reference. I understand this is not an elegant oneliner...

Might not be THAT helpful, but ya... ./zro</b></tt> (⠠⠵) 15:14, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

The unemployment rate is the percent of the LABOR FORCE that is unemployed, not the percent of the total population. The numbers are from the Current Population Survey (CPS) conducted by the US Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 140.254.199.38 (talk) 22:17, 22 December 2009 (UTC)

Design suggestion: Shouldn't the "up" arrows showing a rise in the unemployment rate be red (for bad) instead of green (A-ok)?Mcbobhall (talk) 13:37, 15 October 2010 (UTC)mcbobhall

The arrows shouldn't be used at all. One of the key features of the tables used in Wikipedia are that they can be sorted to improve reader understanding and to inherently enable more information content in the page. By using the arrows exclusively instead of signs (both could and probably should be used) sorting by the change in unemployment column doesn't convey the information in an intuitive fashion (which should be the goal). That is, sorting by change in unemployment should place best improvement at the top of the column and worst decline at the bottom of the column, or vice versa if reversed. Using the arrow to denote direction and only listing the absolute value of change means that you either get all the states with no change in unemployment at the top of the table and the states with the greatest change at the bottom, improved and declined, mixed together. This should be changed and should be considered as a part of the standard for designing tables Wiki-wide. What would be most useful, of course, would be a column listing the signed value of unemployment change along with the arrow, or two separate columns if it is felt mixing the sign and arrow might be confusing.96.255.92.128 (talk) 23:51, 8 July 2012 (UTC)mjd

By population?
Is there a chart showing unemployment by state according to number of people unemployed rather than the rate of unemployed? I suppose you could get an estimation of this by multiplying each state's unemployment rate by its working force population. — Loadmaster (talk) 15:27, 21 July 2012 (UTC)

Another good idea might be to add the previous month's unemployment rates to get a comparison. 24.5.190.156 (talk) 18:26, 22 July 2012 (UTC)

Yearly figures
I've deleted the yearly figures as I couldn't find a reliable citation for them and I'm not even sure which year they were supposed to represent. Feel free to add them back if you can meet these concerns. Armouredduck (talk) 14:02, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

Rank sort button
The sort button for rank malfunctions: it sorts by digits rather than numbers! Thus, after 1 comes 10, then 11 etc. Kdammers (talk) 04:25, 29 May 2017 (UTC)

Extremely out of date
This data is very out of date and seems to represent numbers from the middle of the pandemic, which are hugely outdated at this point. I started to edit in the current numbers, but noticed that there's also a column for monthly change. Do we want to keep that in? Is that data in particular sourced as well? 69.118.157.164 (talk) 13:19, 10 August 2022 (UTC)


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Culture of Uganda

Culture of Uganda is made up of a diverse range of ethnic groups. Lake Kyoga forms the northern boundary for the Bantu-speaking people, who dominate much of East, Central, and Southern Africa. In Uganda, they include the Baganda and several other tribes

The Baganda are the largest single ethnic group in Uganda. They occupy the central part of Uganda which was formerly the Buganda Province. They are found in the present districts of Kampala, Mpigi, Mukono, Masaka, Kalangala, Kiboga, Rakai, Mubende, Luwero, Wakiso, Ssembabule, and Buikwe. They are a Bantu-speaking people and their language is called Luganda.

In the north, the Lango and the Acholi peoples predominate, who speak Nilotic languages. To the east are the Iteso and Karamojong, who speak a Nilotic language, whereas the Gishu are part of the Bantu and live mainly on the slopes of Mt. Elgon. They speak Lumasaba, which is closely related to the Luhya of Kenya. A few Pygmies live isolated in the rainforests of western Uganda.

Traditional culture
Ugandan traditions include folk music, dances, foods, clothing, and building styles, among others.

In Northern Uganda, particularly the Lango sub-region, a healing ritual called child-cleansing ceremony is conducted to restore the lost manhood of a child. In this ceremony, both the child and mother spend 3 days in a grass thatched house. Traditionally, they are tasked to drink sweetened millet porridge. As the 3 days elapse, both the mother and child sit at the door entrance with a company of paternal brothers. This is believed to restore the lost manhood after the healing ritual is performed. The Acholi people and Lango people have their unique dances, such as Larakaraka and Bwola for Acholi, and Okeme/Abuda for Lango people.

In Western Uganda, there is the Empaako naming system where the indigenous communities of Batooro, Banyoro, Batuku, Banyabindi, and Batagwenda identify traditional names that match different seasons, times, and clans, among others. Other traditions include dances, namely Entogoro and Ekitagururo, performed by traditional dancers.

Eastern Uganda has traditional practices such as the Imbalu circumcision ceremony from the Gisu people in the Mbale District, and Karamoja herders who traditionally move to many places in search of water and pasture for their animals. Central Uganda is known for traditional dances such as Bakisimba, Nankasa, and Muwogola, which are inspired by their daily life.

Religion

Christians make up 85.2 percent of Uganda's population. There were sizeable numbers of Sikhs and Hindus in the country until Asians were expelled in 1972 by Idi Amin, following an alleged dream, although many are now returning following an invitation from President Yoweri Museveni. Muslims make up 12 percent of Uganda's population.

Sport
Football is the national sport in Uganda. The Uganda national football team, nicknamed "The Cranes" is controlled by the Federation of Uganda Football Associations. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals. Their best finish in the African Cup of Nations was second in 1978.

In cricket, Uganda was part of the East Africa team that qualified for the Cricket World Cup in 1975.

There is also a national basketball league played by some professional players as well as college students and a few high school students. Uganda hosted a regional tournament in 2006, which its national team, nicknamed The Silverbacks, won.

Rugby union is also a growing sport in Uganda, and the Uganda national rugby union team has been growing stronger as evidenced by more frequent victories and close games against African powerhouses like Namibia and Morocco.

At multi-sport events, Uganda has enjoyed most of its success in athletics and boxing. Uganda has won seven medals at the Olympics and 39 at the Commonwealth Games, all in these two sports. Some of Uganda's most notable athletes include John Akii-Bua, who won Uganda's first Olympic gold in the 400 metres hurdles at the 1972 Munich Olympics, and Davis Kamoga, a bronze medalist in the 400 metres and the first Ugandan to win a medal at the IAAF World Championships in Athletics (winning a silver at the 1997 World Championships in Athens). Moses Ndiema Kipsiro was the bronze medalist in the 5,000 metres at the 2007 World Championships in Osaka, and Stephen Kiprotich was the winner of the marathon at the 2012 London Olympics and the 2013 World Championships. Notable among female athletes include Dorcus Inzikuru, who was the first Ugandan to win a gold at the World Athletics Championships when she won the 3,000 metres steeplechase at the 2005 World Championships in Helsinki, before adding a gold at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne.

Ayub Kalule was one of Uganda's most successful boxers, winning golds in the light welterweight category at the 1974 World Amateur Boxing Championships and the lightweight division at the 1974 Commonwealth Games before turning professional and becoming World Boxing Association light-middleweight world champion in 1979.

As of April 2021, Uganda has been one of four African members of the rapidly growing international federation for lacrosse. For the first time, Uganda will feature a national team at the 2022 Under-19 World Lacrosse Championships.

Language
Uganda is ethnologically diverse, with at least 40 languages in usage. Luganda is the most common language. English and Swahili are the official languages of Uganda, even though English is more popular. Swahili, the East African lingua franca, is not widespread as a language though it was made an official national language in September 2005. Luganda, a language widespread in central Uganda, has been the official local language but education is conducted in English.

Clothing
In Uganda, the kanzu is the national dress of men in the country. Women from central and eastern Uganda wear a dress with a sash tied around the waist and large exaggerated shoulders called a gomesi. Women from the west and north-west drape a long cloth around their waists and shoulders called suuka. Women from the south-west wear a long baggy skirt and tie a short matching cloth across their shoulders c known as omushanana. Women also wear a floor-length dress called a busuti, which was introduced by the 19th-century missionaries.

title: Culture of Uganda


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Greg Lewis (wide receiver)

Gregory Alan Lewis Jr. (born February 12, 1980) is an American football coach and former player. He is the wide receivers coach for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played wide receiver in the NFL for eight seasons. After playing college football for Illinois, he was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 2003. He played for the Eagles for six seasons from 2003 to 2008 and the Minnesota Vikings for two seasons from 2009 to 2010. Lewis has served as assistant coach for the University of San Diego, San Jose State, Pittsburgh Panthers, Eagles, and Chiefs.

Early years
Lewis attended Rich South High School in Richton Park, Illinois, which retired his No. 8 jersey in 2004.

College career
Lewis went to the University of Illinois, joining the football team as a walk-on.

Philadelphia Eagles
After going undrafted in the 2003 NFL draft, Lewis signed with the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent. Limited to mostly special teams his rookie season, Lewis worked his way into the receivers rotation his second year, helping the Eagles reach Super Bowl XXXIX. He caught a 30-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter to bring the Eagles within 3, but the Eagles would go on to lose the game.

Lewis spent six seasons with the Eagles, playing in 99 games with 24 starts between the regular season and playoffs, while recording 136 receptions for 1,879 yards and eight touchdowns.

New England Patriots
Lewis was acquired via trade along with a 2010 7th-round draft pick by the New England Patriots in exchange for a 2009 5th-round draft pick on March 5, 2009. Coach Bill Belichick had considered drafting Lewis in 2003, and Lewis had career games against the Patriots in the Super Bowl, and in 2007 when the Eagles nearly ended the Patriots undefeated streak. However, he was released on September 5 during finals cuts.

Minnesota Vikings
Lewis signed with the Minnesota Vikings on September 10, 2009. This reunited him with Vikings coach Brad Childress, who previously served as offensive coordinator for the Eagles.

On September 27, 2009, Lewis caught a contested 32-yard touchdown pass from quarterback Brett Favre while falling out of the back of the end zone with two seconds remaining to give the Vikings a dramatic come-from-behind 27-24 victory over the San Francisco 49ers. It was Lewis' first catch with the team and the game marked his debut as a Viking (he was inactive for the previous two games). He received an ESPY Award for Best Play along with Favre.

He was re-signed to a one-year contract on February 28, 2010.

Coaching career
Lewis was a coaching intern for the Eagles during the rookie mini-camp in 2012. For the 2012 season under head coach Ron Caragher, Lewis was wide receivers coach for the University of San Diego Toreros football team that went 8–3, with the top 3 receivers going for 144 catches and 15 of the team's 20 touchdown passes. Caragher became head coach at San Jose State University in 2013, and Lewis joined Caragher's staff in San Jose State as wide receivers coach. On February 19, 2014, Lewis was named the receivers coach at the University of Pittsburgh by head coach Paul Chryst. After spending the 2015 season with the New Orleans Saints of the NFL as an offensive assistant, Lewis was hired by the Eagles as the team's wide receivers coach on January 20, 2016, and released on January 9, 2017. Lewis was hired as the Kansas City Chiefs' wide receiver coach in January 2017. In 2019, Lewis won his first Super Bowl when the Chiefs defeated the San Francisco 49ers 31-20 in Super Bowl LIV. He was reassigned to be the Chiefs' running backs coach on April 2, 2021. In Week 1 of the 2021 NFL season, Lewis started a physical altercation when he pushed Cleveland Browns player Ronnie Harrison who was standing over Kansas City Chiefs player Clyde Edwards-Helaire. Lewis was later fined an undisclosed amount by the league. In 2022, Lewis won his second Super Bowl when the Chiefs defeated the Philadelphia Eagles 38-35 in Super Bowl LVII.

On March 8, 2023, the Baltimore Ravens hired Lewis as their wide receiver coach.

title: Greg Lewis (wide receiver)


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CBO

CBO may stand for:

 * Chief business officer, the top operating strategy executive of a commercial company, or academic/research institution
 * Chief brand officer, another title for the Chief marketing officer
 * CBO-FM, a CBC Radio One station in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
 * Central Bank of Oman, established in December 1974 and began operations on 1 April 1975
 * Combined Bomber Offensive, an Anglo-American offensive of strategic bombing during World War II in Europe
 * Community-based organization
 * Congressional Budget Office, United States federal agency responsible for government budget calculations and analyses
 * Criminal behaviour order, a court order issued in England and Wales designed to change the behaviour of convicts
 * Central Boycott Office, an agency facilitating the Arab League boycott of Israel
 * City of Birmingham Orchestra, the original name of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra
 * Collateralized bond obligation, a type of collateralized debt obligation
 * Columbium oxide (CbO), an alternate name for niobium oxide
 * CBO, a sandwich sold by McDonald's in some countries

title: CBO


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HPB

HPB may refer to:

 * Half Price Books, an American book retailer
 * Harvard Papers in Botany, a scientific journal
 * Health Promotion Board, a statutory board in Singapore for health promotion and disease prevention
 * Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1831–1891), theosophist, writer and traveler
 * Hooper Bay Airport, in Alaska, United States (by IATA and FAA LID code)
 * Hrvatska poštanska banka, largest Croatian-owned bank
 * HPB (journal), journal of the International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association
 * Hexaphenylbenzene

title: HPB


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User talk:Alex97224

Hi

title: User talk:Alex97224


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User talk:The Goatherd

Vandalism-only editor, Goatse vandal. Banned. -- The Anome 19:18, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:The Goatherd


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Barnes Compton

Barnes Compton (November 16, 1830 – December 2, 1898) was a Representative of the fifth congressional district of Maryland and a Treasurer of Maryland.

Early life
Barnes Compton was born on November 16, 1830, in Port Tobacco, Charles County, Maryland to Mary Clarissa (née Barnes) and William Penn Compton. His parents both died when he was young, and he was raised until 1843 by his grandfather, John Barnes. He attended the Charlotte Hall Military Academy in St. Mary's County, Maryland for his formal education, and graduated from Princeton College with a bachelor's degree in June 1851. At a young age, he became the second largest slaveholder in Charles County.

Career
After college, Compton returned home and engaged in agricultural pursuits and as a planter. He first ran for the State House of Delegates under the Whig ticket in 1855, but lost. He re-ran in 1859 as a Democrat and served as a member of the State House of Delegates in 1860 and 1861.

In the 1861 session, held in Frederick, a number of legislative members were suspected of Confederate sympathies and were arrested upon arrival in Frederick. Compton evaded arrest by fleeing across the Potomac. In 1865, Compton was arrested and imprisoned at the Old Capitol under suspicion of aiding and abetting John Wilkes Booth after the Lincoln Assassination, but the information was proven false and he was released after four days.

He was also a member of the State Senate in 1867, 1868, 1870, and 1872, during the 1868 and 1870 sessions he served as the Senate president in 1868. Compton also served as State Tobacco Inspector in 1873 and 1874 and as Treasurer of Maryland from 1874 to 1885.

Compton then moved to Laurel in Prince George's County, Maryland in 1880 and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth United States Congress (March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1889). He presented credentials as Member-elect to the Fifty-first United States Congress and served from March 4, 1889, to March 20, 1890, when he was succeeded by Sydney E. Mudd, Sr., who contested the election. A committee was appointed to investigate voter fraud and ruled in favor of Mudd. Compton was later elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third United States Congress and served from March 4, 1891, until his resignation, effective May 15, 1894 when he was then appointed by President Grover Cleveland as Naval Officer of the Port of Baltimore, a post in which he served from 1894 to 1898.

Compton taught agriculture at the Maryland Agricultural College. He also sat on the board of trustees for the Charlotte Hall Military Academy, the School Commission of Charles County, and the Maryland Hospital for the Insane. In 1890, he was a cofounder and appointed director of the Citizens National Bank of Laurel. In 1898, he was made president of the Guarantee Building and Loan Association of Baltimore.

Personal life
He married Margaret Holiday Sothoron of St. Mary's County on October 27, 1858. Together, they had four sons and two daughters:
 * John Henry Sothoron Compton
 * Key Compton
 * William Penn Compton
 * Barnes Compton
 * Mary Barnes Compton
 * Elizabeth Somerville

He was the great-grandson of Philip Key. He was a friend of Arthur Pue Gorman.

Death
Compton died on December 2, 1898, of paralysis in Laurel, Maryland. He was interred in Loudon Park Cemetery in Baltimore.

title: Barnes Compton